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l'vIA]OR GENERAL JOlIN GRAVES SI:\lCOE,
FIRST LIEUT. GOVERNOR OF UPPER CANAD.\.

--

P\.AJOR GSNERAL ISAAC BROCK.
F'E:.I...1. IN Ac.TION OC'1' 13 TH IB12.

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ROBERTSON'S
LANDMARKS opT o RONTO

A COLLECTION OF

HISTORICAL

SKETCHES

OF THE OT,\)

TOWN OF YORK

From 1792 until 1833,

AND OF

Toronto From 1834 to 18 95

ALSO

Nearly Two Hundred Engravings of Old Houses, Familiar Faces and
Histori
Places, with Maps and Schedules Connected
with the Local History of York and Toronto.

- 0 -
REPUBLISHED FROM THE TORONTO "EVENING. TELEGRAM."
o

TORONTO:
J. ROSS ROBERTSON,
1896.

Entered according to Act of the Pitrliament of Canada in the year one thousand eight
hundrcd
and ninct
'-six, by ,T. !toss ROBERTSOX, at thc Departmcnt of AgrlCulture, Ottawa.

LANDMARI
S OF TORONTO.

CHAPTER CXCVI.
l' hi' Fir(' Brigade of Ohl-Story of
the Toronto Fire Couwanies from
their lx-gianing to t
:rear 189;)
CHA'PTER CXCVII.
Fireto: From Early Tim
-A History
of EveQ- Fit'l' of an..v Imponflnce
Which has Happened i.n Toronto
Since its Foundation.....................
CHAPTER CXeVlI1.
'rhl' Ref!;i,,,tr:r Office-A Department
or the PubliC' ::;crvÍ<'f1 which hni'<
been Moved from 'Place to Place
with Reu18,rk'l ble Frf>fJuel1('
.......
CH.\PTER CXCIX.
.Jordan PO'"t6 Shop-The Old Watch-
maker of YOl'k: Earlv ReeolIec-
tiOl.1ß of a Tall New ElIgl:1lld"1" :
His ShojJ 011 Duk
H.lld Kiu
:-;ts.
CHA'P'rER CC.
A Bay Shore ('"'ottage-A House Oc-
cupied by ('01. H. CoHin. Capt.
Phillpott8, Capt. ß<mnycastle and
Ra vmond Ra bv: Sketche
of the

Ieù ...... ......
...... ...... ...............
CHA'rTER CCI.
The First Cab in the City-Early
Hißtory of Public Conveyances
and Somc of Th('m Who Drove
Them... ...... ...... ...... ..................
CHA'Pl'ER CCIL
'rhe Bri
M Hou.w---'The Old HOllle-

tead on Queen Street EHKt:
Some Reminif:1cenees or a York
Pioneer ...... ... ..............................
('HAP'l'E It f'C It 1.
Thp Island Ligh1:bou
p-Thc Buihl-
ing on Grilllh.tone Point, ('om-
ploeted in the yN11' I
f)x...............
CH.\JPTEH ('CIV.
Two W P8tp1'll Piert<- ViP"'R or thp
Northern Railwav Pier and
Queen'R Wharf fmlll thp Enst
and "est. .. .......'... .......................
CHAJPTER CCV.
The Old !Pool in the Park-An Arti-
ficial Miniature Lake which Once
Ornamented the rnin'r8ity
Ground ö ...... ...... ......................
.
CHAPTER CCVI.
York's Firat Ba
r-A Pi.ecc of
Music Comrosed for and
lIllg on
that Occas:oll .........,..,.................

CONTENTS_

P.-\GE I
I ('HArTER CCVI!.
A Cburch 8treet Corner-The Build-
ÎIlg at the North-west Corner of
Church and Adelaide Streets......
CHAPTEI
CCVIII.
The First York Regiment - An Or-
ganization of :Militia Established
here in 1798- Its Offieers .........
CHAPTEr.. (X'IX.
Xewmarket and Sharon-The Region
of Ppper Yonge Street. With R
Full Account of Da yid Will"lOn
and HiR
eet. the Childrpn of
Pel-! ec .. .......... ...... ...... ... ...............
CHAPTEr: c.ex.
['pper YOllg-e Stref't - The Appear-
ance of the Great :Korthern Road.
With Sketches of ft
Earl\' 111-
babitant
. from Bond's Lake to
I to the Holland L
)]lding-...............
CHAPTEH ('.{jXI.
The Bar to Hog-g's Hollow-Spots
of Interest on the Journey up
y onge
.areet, as 8('pn in the
Earl
' DaYB of york.....................
CHAPTER C'CXII.
Hog-g's Hollow to Bond's Lake-Old
;67'i Buildings of Uppcr Yonge Street
I and InterestillJr Heminiseenees of
Its Earl
' Inhabitants..................
. CHAPTER æXIIl.
The Royal CanadiaIL,,-Suoplement-
-6ix I ar.,' Detai's--TIIl' Qualific3tionf!
I R
ql
ire(l hy Calldid'ltl's of Com-
f) '
(I '1' 0 l ' O nl ll 1 t 8.'3 0 1O ns C;

'
:;:Ë'I;(X'
'

:.'"''''''''
" Highlanders-Tbe Original
HiJ!hland Rifle Company - Ittl
Odgin and Its Officers..................
CHAPTER CCXV.
The Old French Fort-Om' of the
Earl." Tradill,?; P
ts-Erected
ahout 17-t!)-;)O-KllOWIl as Fort
HouilIe-A Very ,Full Df'scl'ip--
tioH ............ ....:....... ......... ,........
CHAPTER CC'XVI.
l683 I Toronto Junction Years Ago-A Spot
that was well kno".-n away back
in the .Forties-Tht' We
tel'll Sub-
' I urh at It \Vas and no; It Is.........
.683 , Early
etticl's-Early Toronto.........

P.\G";

5m

5

()12

685

f .- / .) I
) -I

686

fiï:{

690

pi:;

700

70!}

717

717

lir-4 ,

718

733
736

iv

CONTENT
.

PACE

CHAPTER (YXVII.
The Rangers and Kavy Hall-What
It Cost in the Da vs of 1792 to
Hut the :Fallous Q1Iet'u's Hangen;
and to' Fit IiJ} the Governor"1;
HO'use ......... ......... ......... .........
CHAPTEH CCXYIII.
What Simcoe ,Yrote of York-It..
Fitness as an Arsenal-The Pro-
pooals to Fortify tIll" Place......
CHAPTER CCXIX.
Old Niagara-The Record" in the
Archives-A Description of Fort
:Niagara in l'í90 ......... ..' ............
CHAPTER cexx.
A PrO'voat Marshal in 17 ïï-:\Ii Ie..
Prentice 'and the Jud
e-.\n Old
Return ......... ......... ......... .........
CHAPTEH CCXXI.
Early Printing-The Cèntenuia I üf
the First Kew
paper in t. JJJler
Canada- The First Order for
Paper and Type ...........................
CHAPTER CCXXI r.
The Province's Great Seal-An In-
teresting Memo ResjJecting tI1I'
Sa.me, Dated 17!12..,.....................
The Queen'B Rn ng-ers .................. ......
CHAPTER -CCXXIII.
A North-We
t Corner - Dundas
Street Fort
' Years Ago - A
Ramble From Queen Street to
the Old Ppacock Tavern-Unrl-
ing- Fort Mackinac .....................
CHAPTER CCXXIV.
TOl'onto Racecourses-\Yhere Horses
Ran in Days of Yore-PatrOJlS
of the Royal Sport.....................
(,IIAPTEI
'CCXXV.
Mechanics' IllBtitutes - The Growth
and Fluctuation of Sentiment in
Favour of :Free Rcading ROOUl-<
for the People from 1831 to 1883
CHAPTER CCXXVI.
Au Early Volunteer Corp."! and . Its
Immediate SucceBSO'rs---,Oonditionf'i
of Service and Other Data-The
.Ni
ht Guard and It<; Dutie
.....,
'Dhf' Officers of the Ohl Queen'.
Rangers ,,'ho Settled in Toronto
a;nd T,heir Descenda
lt..;..................
CHAPTER CCXXVII.
The Island in the FO'rties-"l1IL(';
Horse Boat"-Its Owner and His
HiBtory-Sports and Pastimes of
:Long Ago ......... ......... ...............
CHAPTER CCXXVIII.
Lambtoll and Etobicoke-Fifty Years
Since-The Old
1il1!':-HeRpecti]}l
:
the <:r,
mble, FiJSher and HowIa.nd
Famll
es ...... .................................
CIIA,PTER CCXXIX.
An Early Indu"try-FO'l' 11nking Car-
riages, Reaping :\Ial'hille!'J amI
Cabs ...... ...... ......,.......................

l'AGE

CHAìPTER CCXXX.
Th..., Old 100th Regimelllt-A Hemin-
i
c(>1llce of the Formation O'f a
Regiuwnt that had at one time
in it many Canadians ...............
CHA,PTER CCXXXI.
Th(> Third York Militia-Thdr His-
tory and Cotours-Promi-n(>nt
Ien
WlW Have Bel'ved as COlllmission-
pd 'Officers Therein .....................
A For.gotten FactO'ry ........................
CHAPTER CCXXXII.
'j' 41 The <lueen's Own Uifles-Tlw Bat-
talion's
tO'ry FrO'm the Date O'f
it.. FormutiOll 1'hirty Odd Ye.ar6
7 421 Î

d:I

,..

..

..
..i.

...

...

I.l.:.
I CIL-\PTEH CCXXXHI.
The Royal Grenadiers-The Regi-
ment's History-Th(' FO'rmation
of the Battalion-The Pre
nta-
tion of the CO'lours in 1863.........
CHAPTER CCXXXIV.
Capitulation of York-The Forcès
EUj.!,'aged-Prisoners Who Were
Taken-Terms of Surrender-Who
Was Re:O:pOw;;ible'? - GClleI'al
fo:hpaffe's Rêrvices ........................
CHAPTER CCXXXV,
:'t, ,Tames' Rectory-The ,Man "'ho
lluilt It-Its Earlier Put'pose-
Its Occupants for more' than
FO'rty-five Yl'ars-The late
DealÎ ............ .................. ............
CHAPTER CCXXXVI.
752 Front Street of Old-The Gooder-
ham Wharf and :Mill-The Fair
Gronnd-OthN l\'"otable Buildings
-The Old Fort ...........................
CHAPTER CCXXX VII.
ï:tfi Canadian Lake Xavigation-_-\n Ae-
cO'unt of the First Vessels that
Sailed our Inland Waters and
of Tho.<.;(' Wbo )IaIllJl'd Them,
1678-1776 ......... ......... ...............
('HAPTEH. CCXXXVIU.
The War of Independence-A Gov-
ernmental Harbour ::;urvey-The
U. E. Loyalists-1776 to 1809...
CHAPTElt CCXXXI
.
Six Eventful Years-The first Steam
Ves,>els-The War of 1812 and
the Battles O'n the Lakes-1809-
1
I;). ............ ......... ...... '" ...........,
CHAPTER CCXL.
A Sew Era-Peace Reigns in the
Laud-}Iercantile Enterprise Re-
viYes-1815 to 1819.....................
CHAPT\ER CCXLI.
A Pragres.<;ive Enterprise-T'be March
of ImIJ.I'OVemeut-Morf> Steamers
and More Tralle-l
19 to 1837...

737

774

ï
9

778
7H2

7
3

743

801

744
744

01

745

:-:;09

H12

81:t

760

761

t-;21

íft2

834

7(;7

8-U

773

S4

CONTENTS.

P.\l:E I PAG};

CHAPTER CCXLII. CHAPTER, CCLVI.
The Rebellion of ]t)37-38-Events on I Canadian Pacific Steamers-'
'he C
I-
the Lakes-captaim Drew and língwood and Lake Supenor LlIle
Arnold-The Capture of till' Caro- I -Its Immediate Successor............ 971
line ......... ......... ............ ............ 867 I CHAPTER. CCLVII.
CHAPTER CCXLIII. The Rochester Route-1889-18!13-
Complaining Travellers-The Steam- The . Steam
bip CnrmonR -:- Her
ers Great Britain and Victoria- Prenous Hlstol'y-Aþpropnately
Captain TholllWi Dick and Mr.
amed ............ ............... ............ 972
Gilkison ......... ......... ......... ......... 870 CHAPTER CCLY 6 III l ' 893
CHAPTER CCXLIV. The Ottawa Steamert!, It;
- -
The Trade of the Lake Still Con- Their History--The EarlIer Ves-
tinues to Expand-The Mail I j,;CI
-:-Well Known and Respected
Steamers and Other Matter:-:......

2 OffIcIals .......". ........
......... ......... 912
CHAPTER CCXLV. CHA1;'TER CCLIX.
The Royal Mail Line-l
-lO to 1857- , The R. and O. CompanY-:,The Fam-
How the Company \\ noS Formed ous La!
e Company-Some N?t:
and Where-Xotable
teanlA'rs able Ste
m!;a -.
FavourIte
. d ' fh ' C t . W I I It Route-185 C -10, 18 C 5-93 ............ 97 4
,an eu'
J? alllS- e e- CHAPTER CCLX.
memberl:d OfficIals ....-................ !JÙl Tabulated Statements of Various
CHA
ER CCXLVI. V s."els from ]678 to the Pres-
Störm"! and Slllpwrecks-Great Dp- e ,.' 9 8 1
8tru{.tïon of Life and Property- lent 'IlmëiÚ,PTËÏi"ëcLXi. .........
The Commerc
al Distr;ss in 1
57 007 York's Å.l!sessment Rolls-The Early
CHAP1ER CCXLVII. Holls-The Parccl:.ia] Officials-
Gloomy _\l1ticipR

ons for .the Spring Who They Were and Where They
T'rade-The I'lrst ArrIVal of the Came From-Curiosities in the
Sea
olL ...... .................................... !ll
Accounts... ............ ............ 9nn
CHAPTEH CCXL VIII. cIÏÄP'i
j:}R CCLXII.
The Niagara Steamers, 1874-78- The Town of YOl'k-It8 Rise and Pro-
An O!d Institution ,!'
"eatt'nC(l- gress-IÌf.
Population Heturns
FOl'IDldR ble . Oppo.<;IÌIon - The from 1793 to 1834-, with other
Newcomer WillS ........................... 92:; Interesting Data ............ ............ 9t16
CHAPTEH CCXLIX. CHAPTER CCLXlII.
Xiagal'ft Falls Lin('. ì8f.(3 to 1893- The Early Sessions-The First Days
A Popular Vessel-Opposition is of the Century-The Grand In-
the Soul of Trade-A Truce Ef- qu('st-Frivolous and Vexatious
fected ...... ...... ...... ..................... 930 CharO"es-The Home District
CHAPTER CCL. Sch
't ............ .............................. tm9
Hamilton Steamboat Co., 1887 to CHAPTER CCLXIV.
1893-A Modest Begil1Iling-An The Wood . Correspondence-Mrþ
Ðnterprising and Progressive Wood find the Early York Rcsi-
;Poiicy ...... ...... ...... ..................... n;
2 dents-Dr.
trachall'6 Sayings
CHAPTER CCLl. and Opinions-An "Officer and
The Gen.el'al History of the Lake a Gentleman"-Åu AcrOl'tic......... lUOj
Shipp111!!; Continuf'd-The Gun- CHAPTER CCLXV.
boats-Steamhoat Racing ............ 932 A ;:;crap of llif!tory-The Fight at
CHAPTER CCLII. Beaver Dam-The Part Taken
New Steamer,s-Captaills on the Lakp in it by Colonel Fitzgibbon-Mrs.
and Others Who WPl'e Pl'Omilleut
cord'8 Dal':llg" Exploit............... 1021
in the Shipping World-Conclud- CIUPTEH CCLXVI.
ing Remarks ................................. !I.'í2 An Old Janifl
treet 1I0uf:e-The
CH.\PTER CCLIIL Re8idence of the late Colonel
Lome aud Victoria Parks-llJ.le Samuel Pl'tcrs Jarvis..................102a
Various Steamers on the C'H.\PTER CCLXVII.
Routes-Their Respel'tin' Com-
t. .Jampf!' Church-The Second
mandel's. 1887-1893 ..................... tI:iS BuíllJin:!-IIow it was Built and
, CHAPTER CCLIV. by '\-h{l'm-Thc Original Contract _
Toronto Ferry ('0.. 1890-fla-lts Risl' -h8 :Final Destruction............... 102ð
aud Progrcl-'s-lts VarLuuH Vp.,;- CHAPTER CCLXVIII.
f!eI8-(luL.t T'sefulnl'ss .................. 9:i8 ,\ Ca nadiall Pioneel'- Remini8Cences
CHAPTEH, CCLV. of One of Toronto's Oldest Set-
Royal Canadian Yacht Club-It
m",p tIers-His :Enrly DaYA, ElJuca-
and Pl'Ogref!1i and Histor
' from tion and Vm'ipJ Expprienc'c- _
1850-1893 ............ ............ ...'..... !HiO )[('n He llaf; Known.................. 103.)

\oi

CO
TEKT
.

[,,0\1; I-;

]'.0\(;)0;

An 1m po::!iug DpUloustratiou-
Well KnOW'll ,Prize Takers-Ob-
solete Industries ........................... 1090
CHAPTER CCLXXX.
Th{' Old Crystal Palace-Sir Ed-
muud Head-DistinguishN} Visit-
ors-"Chevaliers d'Industrie"- A
Round of Anlli
('m('ont-Exruibits
and Exhibitors ...............:.............. 1093
CHAPTER CCLXXXI.
A Curious Old Book-Au Advertise'-
me'Dlt With an ApoIog:\"-
i,ngular
Chronological Ta,ble-Old Civil
Servants-The Old
Imtia Force 109:í
CHAPTER CCLXXXII.
Old St. James-The First Building
Alterations and Enlargcments-
Surviving Members of the Con-
gregation ...... .............................. 1101
CHAPTEn C('LXXXIII.
Some Canadian XamN,-Interesting
Particulars Why Some Well-
known Places wp;'p 1':0 Called...... 1102
CHAPTER CCLXXXIV.
The Island Block HOllse-Home Par-
ticulars of the Oid Building-IÞ
Destruction and H('newal............ 1102
CHAPTEn CrLXXX".
HonH' of the Triplp "V "-Some-
thing of the History ot and the
Work Bt'ing Done by Toronto
Athlptic Club ......... ............ ...... 1104
CHAPTER CCLXXXVI.
The Hm'al Canadiam--R<>llIilliscpnl'eR
of the Early Hays of the 100th
P. W. H. C. It.-By One Who
A Long Forgotten Incid{'nt-Lit'utt'n-
t'r\"ed Therein ............ ............... 1112
8Jlt-Gøvernors Hunter and GOl'P CHAPTER CCLXXXVII.
and the Cauadian<<.- .\n Address I ('a pture of De troit- The W Ilr of 1812
to the Prince Regent and \\'110 -Brock's Demand for the Surrpn-
Signed It ............... ..................... 10ßO ' del' of Detroit-The Capitulation
CHAPTER CCLXXVII. I -The Ori
ina] Deed-Proclama-
An Old Account Book-Some QURint tion ......... ......... ......... ............... 1113
and Interesting Entries-A Con- CHAPTER CCLXXXVIII
trast in Pricef! Betwepll the Pres- TorontO'f! Assessment-How it Ha

ent Time Rnd a Century Since... ]01);1 Grown-Incrpaf;ed O",er noo per
CHA1'TER CCLXXVIII. cent. in 28 Years-Early .\SseKH-
The War of 1812-}Iany Intprf'-'!ting menb;-Three 'Different
lpthOlI'-\.. 1122
Documents Relating to it-Pm- CIL-\PTER CCI,XXXIX.
clamation Bnd Gen. Brock'!; R('- An Old Dorument-A Promi
ol'Y
ply...... ...... ................................. ]0r.4 Note of 1
34-How thp City of
CHAIPTER CCLXXIX. Toronto Rai"ed Mone,' in thp
Toronto's Earlipr Fairs-A Strikill/! year of it" rnnorJlOl'ati
n ............ ] 124
Contrl\.8t-Th
First Agricultural flL\PTER CCXC.
Societies- ParliameUltarv Aid- Somp Old TillIP Residences-The
Some AmusiIl
Recollecti
lls ...... lOR7 I Brough House - Two SillICOf'
Old Time Exhibitions-The FiT-st BuihlingR-SRllI. Rogers RlHI John
Show-Chfl.I1'Xps ill the Provincc- Shea ............ .'..............,................ 112:í

CHAPTER CCLXIX.
An Old Lottery Scheme-The Pro-
poeal to Raise Funds for the Con.
strnction of the 'l'oronto. Simcoe
and Huron Railway.................. 1037
CHAP;TER CCLXX.
A Remiciscence
tbe Old Market
Square ......... ......... ......... ......... 1038
CHAPTER CCLXXI.
Old Xewspapern-Tbe Pilef! in the
Library a.t Otta:wa-.\ Long Lost
\\ at<'b-- A IÁJug Drive.................. 1 O
fI
CHAPTER CCLX.XII.
Tihe Militar
- Tandem Club - The
Membprs' .:\'am('-r<--Some Famou.15
Soldiers-Wonderful .\ttpmpt>< at
Poetry,-Amusiug .\l1u..,jon>< and
ReminiscenCCf! ......... ......... .........1040
rn
L\.PTEH rCLXXIII.
An Incident of the R("I)l'Jliou-
()llIe-
thing Aoou't the MHn Who
Warned the Peopl(' of Toronto
of the Adva.nc{' of Mackenzip... 1048
CRAPTER CCLXXIV.
Old Days Brought Ra('k-ExtrRct.:
from tile Variou.<< Writingil of To-
ronto's Veteran Telegrapher-
;When Canada Wa" Young-TIle
RiBe of the TeJegraph('r...............105:J
CHAPTER CCLXX'..
The Earliest Newspapers-Wh('n and
:Where 18su
d-Siugulal' Adwr-
tisements- Slave HOItJl'I"!'l and
Slave Dea]PI"!' ..............................] 054
CHAPT
R CCLXXVI.

ILL USTRATIONS-

PAGE
General Simcoe. Frontispiece.
General Brock. Prontispiece.
View of Niagara River. Frontispiece.
British American Insurance Co.......... 564
First Fire Hall in Toronto............... 564
Church Street Fire Ha ll..................... 5G4
First Fire Ha ll, Ba)- Street............... 665
Thomas D. Harris..,........................... 575
St. lPatrick's Market, and First Fire
Hall for No. 4 Company............... 5rr6
James Ashfield .................................... 581
Piano Fire Engine of 1843.................. 582
Alexander J acqul's...........:............opp. 582
"Deluge" Engine House, Berkeley
street ...... ...... ...... ...... .................. 583
Court Street Fire Hall and Mechan-
ics' Institute .................................... 584
Fire Hall No.2, Portland street...... 585
Robert Hunter, Captain of Independ-
ent Fire .Brigade ........................... 586
Fire Hall No.4, Berkeley street......... 587
Bay Street Hall, Bay Stree1............... 588
Fire, Hall No.6, Queen Street ......... 5S9
Fire Hall No.3, Yorrge street 590
Fire Hall No.7, Wiltou avenue......... 591
Fire Hall No.8. College street......... 593
Fire Hall No.9. Dundas street......... 595
Fire Hall No. io, Yorkville avenue 597
Fire Hall No. 11, Rose a venue......... 599
Fire Hall No. 12
Bolton avenue...... ,601
Fire Hall No. 14, Ossington avenue '602
Richal'd Ardagh ................................. G04
Fire Hall No. 13, Brock a venue........, 605
CentrRI Fire Hall, Lombard street... 607
Fire Hall No. 15, Cowan avenue...... (iOS
Richard .Ardagh ............... ............... 60n
Thomas Graham .................. 611
Plan of Cathedral Fire..................... 620
The U. P. Church, Bay street...... 62G

'he Fire Hall, Bay street............ 626
Congregational Church, Bay and
Adelaide streets .................. ...... 626
The Fire at Gooderham's, ISml...... G-!3
Dia
rarn of Esplanade Fire............ 655
Destruction of Globe Building, Yonge
street ............... ............... 661
Destruction of Osgoodb
r Building... 6G4
The Osgoodby Building, Melinda st. 6G7
Osgoodby Fire, Wellington street... 66!)
Toronto Fire Depariment............opp. 671
County Registry Office, Hichmond
street ........................ ..................... 672
Jordan P06t House and Shop, Bay
and King streets ........................... 674
Colonel Bonnycastle's House ...opp. 676
View on Front fltreet......,............opp. 679
The Bright House, 1820 to 1894....., 679

PAGE
The Island Lighthouse, 1808......opp. 680
Northern Railroad Pier .................. 681
Queen's Wharf, Looking West......... 682
"The Raven's Plume," a Piece of
Music .................. ......... .........opp. 684
Pool in Queen's Park........................ 684
The N. W. Corner Church and Ade-
laide streets .................. ............... 685
Monument on Site Ft. Rouille...opp. 732
Col. Thomson's Property.................. 734
Mr. Scarlett's HdU3C, Dundas Street 735
The Old Peacock Tavern, DundEU(
Street,........ ......... ...... ......... 736
Fac Simile First Page First U. C.
Gazette........................... ......... OIlP. 743
Grea t Seal of U. C...................opp. 744-
Blue Bell Tavern................................. 745
H usihol me, 1839 ................................. 746
George Cooper's House ..................... 747
Bro
kton Toll Bar ........................... 747
R. L. Dennison's Earlier Residence 748
Dovercourt......... ......... ............ ......... 748
"Tihe Three Taverns," Dundas Street 749
Brockton Post-office ......... ............... 750
Mechanics' Institute ........................... 757
First Ferry Horse Boat..................... 762
Second Ferry Horse Boat.................. 763
Third (Steam) Ferry........................... 764
Fourth (Steam) Ferry........................ 765
L<iuis J. Privat's House..................... 766
HdWland's Mills, 1840........................ 767
Howland's Store, 1840........................ 768
F. A. Howland's House..................... 769
Rev. Dr. Phillips' Hause.................. 770
William Gamble's Store..................... 771
Millwood, The Fisher HoII1Í'stead...... 772
Colours of lOOth Regt................ol)p. 774
Presentation of Colours, 100th Regi-
ment ......... ......... ......... ......... ...... 777
William Allan ..............................GI)P. 77R
The .. East York" Colours............... 779
Major Allan's Chestnut Tree............ 780
:\luseum at Moss Park, Interior, OPP. 782
Colours of 10th Royals............... OPP. 804
Capitulation of York (two illustra-
tions) ......... .........opp. 808
St. James' Rectory, :Front View...... 810
St. James' Rectory, Rear View...... 811
Front Street View........................opp. 812
The Barque Griffin.............................. 816
English Fleet on St. Lawrence.
1 1758-60 ............... ...... ......... opp. 819
French Fleet, (1itto.......... .........opp. 820
Loas of "The York "........................ 829
Finkle's Point .................................... 843
I Steamer Walk-in-the-Water............... 846
Steamer Queen Charlotte.................. 847

-riii

ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE I PAGE
The Steamer Martha Ogden............ 851 St. Jame8' Cnth-edral, Erected 1881.1026
The Steamer Great Britain............ 856 Sectional View St. James' Cathe-
The Steamer 'Villiam IV.................. 858 dral......... ............ ......... ............... 1028
The Steamer United States............... 863 Ground Floor of St. James' Catbe-
'fhe Steamer Caroline........................ 869 dI'RI......... ....:....... ......... ............... 1030
Macnab, Alan N., Sir ..,............opp. 870 Plan of Gallery of St. James' Cathe-
Steamer City of Toronto.................. R
5 drfll......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 1038
Steamer Out.ario .....:.............:............. HR7 William Helliwell ......... ............opp 1085
Steamer C
Ief JustIce. Robmson...... 890 f Thomas Ridout ............... .........opp. 1063
Steamer CIty of HamIlton...,........... 893 I Forts Niflg-ara and Erie ............opp. 1070
Steamer Peerles.s .....................,........ 895 ' Brock's Monument ..............................1084
Captain Thomas Dick..................opp. 89G York Almanac's First Page......opP. 1096
Steamer America ........................opp. 897 First Anglican Church Erected in
Steamer Euro
................................. 898 Toronto......... ......... ......... ...............1101
Steamer ArabIan ...,.......................... 903 In' erior View of First Anglican

corge Burton Holland...............opp.
04 Church......... ......... ......... ............ 1102
'I,he Ferry Boat Bouquet.................. 921 The Island Blo
k House, 1814......... 1103
:r. he Steamer Rothesay CaBtle............ 922 'J'ORO,,"'J'O <\'T'HTÆTIC CtXB.
] he Tug .Robb....;............................... 923 Toronto Athletic Club ..................... 1104:
Steamer CI
Y of 'Ioronto..................... 924 The BiIliaril Room ........................ 1105
Steamer ChH'ora ................................. 926 T'''' t 't.. the Fe C 11 06
Steamer Cibota-Burnt at Lewiston, HI U . <Y' n ers..................... .........
1895 928 1 The Bowlln
Allpys ...........................1106
Steame;.ëbi
;;

..::..::::::..:::::::::::::::::: 929 The S?J oking Room ......... ............... 1107
Steamer Empress of Iudia... ............ 931 The Blg PI
nge ......... .....................1107
Steamer Macassa .............................. 933 I The Gymn
.slUm ........................ ...... 1108
Steamer Modjeska .............................. 934 I Inner VeBtlbule ........................,........1109
Propeller O.::ean ................................. 942 I A COS! Comer .................................... 1110
Propeller Persia ................................. 945 I CommIttee Room...... ........................... 1111
The Propeller Alma Munro,................. 954 DE'J'ROTT.
Andrew Hpron ...........................opp. H55 1 Fac Simile of Letter Accompanying1
The Spani'lh Caravels ..................... 956 Flag- of Truce ..........;...................... 1114
'The Rosamond .................................... 957 Fac Simile of the Plan of the Fort. 1115
The Mayflower ................................. 9:59 1 Fac Simile of Explanatory Letter... 1116
The Pt'imrose .................................... 961 Fac Simile of Original Articles of
First Club House .............................. 962 Capi
ul.ation ........:... .............:. ?pp. 1116
Steamer Provincial........................... 963 I Fac SImIle of Duphcate of Ongmal
The Oriole .......................................... 964 Articles of Capitulation............opp, 1117
R. C. Y. C. Launch ........................... !fIT5 Fac Simile of Additions Propo!!ed by
The Zelma 9 ' 67- ' I General Hull ............ .....................1117
........,................................. F S.' f S 1 A . 1
The Humber .........,............................. 970 aC ImIle 0 upplementa rtlC e 1118
The Steamer Empress ..................... 973 opp.
The Steamer Sovereign..................... 973 Fac Simile <?f Addition to Supple-
The Steamer Algerian........................ 975 I mental ArtIcle ............... ............... 1118
'rhe Steamer Pal'sr;ort........................ 975 i Fac Simile of Gen. Brock'l! Letter
'l:he Steamer Magll;et........................... 975 I to F:iepds in Eilgland...................... 1119
'Ihe IPropeller CorsIcan......................,. 976 i Fac SImIle of Gen. Brock s Procla-
The Steamer Spartan........................ 977 mation ............ ............ ............opp. 1119
'fhe Steamer Montreal........................ 977 Fac Similes of Endorsements to
The Steamer Quebec.....................,..... 978 Capitulation ............ ............ .........1120
The Steamer Caroline........................ 978 Fac Similes of Endorsements to
The Steamer Canada........................... 979 Capituation {six cute)..................... 1121
The Steamer Saguenay..................... 979 Growth of Torouto's AseesRment...... 1122
The Steamer Co:umbian..................... 980 A Promissory Note of 1834............ 1124
The Steamer Bohemian..................... 980 Brough House, Simcoe strcet, 1845...1125
The Steampr Trois Rivieree............ 980 Two Simcoe Street Hesidellces,........ 1126
Alexander Millo,:!................ .........opp. 98] Rogers' House, Bay Street............... 1127
The Residence Qf Colonel Jarvis...... 1024 John Shea's House, 1860.................. 1128

GEN'ER.A.L IN'DE::X::_

A P\GE PA(:E
Adamson .\: Chapman's Fire. 1

-1... ,634 llo:J..1ly.:a"t ll ', Richard ......... 673, 676, 677
Address to Prince Regent.................. 1062 Borland, AIJdrew .............................. '68,7
Admiral
tNlml'r .............................. 622 Horston, Hallida;\" .............................. 814
Allan, G. W. .................................... 7S1 Boulton, D' Arc:r ................................. 1034
Allan, William ....................................1000 Boulton, John .................................... 773
Airey, Colonel........................... 734 1043 Boulton's Mill bUI'llt, 1S70 ............... ,64

Anglican Church in
ewmll.rket ...... 68
Boulton, W. H, ........'............... 630, 10
9
Anglican clergy, 1821........................ 1098
ou.stead, James B. ........................... 59

Ardagh Arthur '1ti1 JJoxall, Colonel.................................... 80 I
Ardagh: Richard.::5'9fi;'6ÖÖ:"ü'ïö':'Ü12 U63. Blco:" Jo.seph ....................................... 1103
Armstrong &. Co. ................................. 1092 Brock, Isaac ............ lOU4,-S6, 1113, 1120
Arm<:tron'J" James 37 1 ) B:.ook, George .................................... 594
Arn
.d B
edict .............................. 71U I B:ough, Seckel' .................................... 1125
A I'llO; d' Richard ...........................;.:
;7 870 I Bmnel. Colonel.................................... 80ö
AN!enai at York ::::::::::::::::::::::::...
..... 740 I Bullock, Richard ..................... 371, 1010
Arthur, George Sir ........................... 372 Burlington, Steamer ........................ 61

Ashfield, Jarnes...581, 587, 388. 591; 612 Bu:'l" , Rowland .................................... 7
4,
Athletic Club Committee............1109 1111 Butler, Thomas ................................. 10,J5
B C
Baby. Raymonù ........................ li7;), 6ï6 Cameron, Dunca.n ........................672, 1000
Baldwin, Edmuud .............................. 0;;;12 Cameron, J. Hlllyard........................ 594.
Baldwin, W. W. ................................. ti12 C,anadi'ln, Drynoch ............ ............... 691
Bamum, P. T. ................................. 813 I Canadian Pacific Steamer.s............... 971
Bate, Lewis .....................,................' 1092 I Ca,nadian Militia, 182L..................... 1100
Baldwin, W. W..................................... ti94 Canoe Club Uaces .............................. 953
Battle of Beaver DaJ.llrl..................... LOS 1 Capitulatioo of york........................... 807
Battle of Chateauguay........................ LOS;) Capreol, F. C........................................ 1037
Battle of Chippewa.............................. 1073 I Captains of Fire Companies............ 588
Battle of Chry::;ler's FHrlll............... 1(\
;) ! Captain'> 011 L
ke Steam!r.,;............ 906
Battle oJ. Lake, in 1739..................... 819 i Carfrae, Thom

........................'563, 5û4
Battle of Lake Erie........................... 107(. I Carl', John .....................,.................... 581
Battle of Lundy's Lane..................... 1086 1 Castle Frank ....................................... 613
Battle of Moravian To\\n.................. 1083 Catholic Apostolic Church Burnt,
Battle of Queenston........................... 1072 1861......... ............ ............ ............ 633
Battle of Stoney Creek ..................... 1079 Caven, the Caretaker, and Osgoolby
Battle of York .................................... 1077 I Fire......... ..................... .................. H63
Bayne
, Edward ..................... 1070. j 072 I CawdeU, J. H............................ ......... 685
Blackburn, Thol'llton ........................ G77 Cawthra, Jo:õeph ................................. 1001
Blackstone, Henry ..............................
88 I Cawthra. John............ ........................ 687
Blake, D. E. ....................................... .14 Chaloner Children Burnt in 1869...... 642
Beard'
Foundry bUl'llt in 1867...... 640 Chambers. J amp!'; .............................. 663
Beard's Hotel.................................... 373 Charltoo, William ......587, 588. 596, 612
Beard, Josepl1 .................................... 579 Clapp. John C....................................... 596
Beard, Robert ........................... ;)75. 379 Clarke AImed 737 739
Bell, John .......................................... 773 Clarke' John ........................... · 761
Berczy, William ................................. 703 Centra'l Priso
..Fi;
:..ï878:::::::::::::::::: 650
Bethune. Don-aId ................................. 903 Chene_ G H 1092
Brent, J08eph ................................,... 823 CheBtIi
t Park":::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 709
Birchall. T. W. ................................. 394 Chewett. William ............................. 1077
Bishopp, Cecil, Co
oD.el .................,..,... 1085 Cigar Boat .......................................... 884
Bishop Pau: ....................................... 677 Cit_ of Toronto Fire Companv......... 565
Blind Ton Gate ................................. 751 ChiÌdren of Peace ...................:.......... 686
British America Assurance Co. ;)U6. 612 Coffin. R.. Colonel........................... 675
Bright, James .................................... 679 I Colbornc. John.
ir ....... ............;)72. 67(j
Bright, John ...... ....... .............--..'... 678 1 Cole ..................... ...............,.............. 627
Bright, Lewis ...........................'........ 994 Colcleugb, Captain .............................. 900
B:.ight. Thomas ..,.....' ,.....,...._.......... ü79 C
er, Tbomas ................................. 814

\.

(; EXEHAL I
()E.\..

1',\(;1-: !
CoolJer George ......... 7:{3. 747, lOHl,1103 Erskine Pr,'slJytl'l'ian Cburch Burnt
Cooper' H. C., Rev. .....,..................... 770 in It!84......... ......... ........................ 653
Congregational Church. burnt .........
24 F
Cowan & Sons .................................... ,-,82
Cozens, Benjamin .............................. 1006 Fatal Acciùpnt at a Fire............. (;27
('ozenB, Dani-e-l .................................... 715 Fairg1'l'en Riot, 1855........................... 624
Cozens Familv .................................... 715 Fenian Haid.......................................... 921
Crocker, J. S. .................................... 594 Fleming. William .............................. 581
Crookshank. Georg'I' ........................... ,675 Fidler, Isaac .... .................................. 714
Cumberland, F. \Y. ........................... 803 Fire Brigade, Officers, 1833............

g
('hurch, Jo.'3epll .................................... 74t! Fire Brigade, Roll of Deaths.........,.. 606
J) Fire Brigade in 1893, 1894, 1895...
r;92 Fire Companies, Captains of............ 588
Daly, ('harles .........,.......................... u Fire Company No. 4 Organized...... 576
Draper, William H. ........................... 1034 Fire Company Nc. 2, Survivors in
De Blaquier, Peter ........................... 702 1895 ................. ........ ..................... 582
De Gra!iòsi, A. ....................................... 579 Fire Department in 1849, 1850.
De Rottenburg, Colonel............ 77U, 111
1855, 1868...............579, 5'i9. 582, ;)96
De Salaoerry, Colcllel ........................ 108,) Fire Department f{e-or
anized in
Deer Park .......................................... 705 1838 ......'.............. ........................... 570
Desjardins Canal accident ......... 7tH, 899 Fire Inspectors ................................. 574
DesjardillB, Peter .............................. 701 Fire Limits of Citv........................... 5S0
Den.nie, John ....................................... 672 Fire Regulations ..:.....................577, 5
O
DelllI1is, J06eph ........................... ()72, 935 Firemen's Benpfit Society................. 576
Denison, G. T. ............... 749, 7ð3, 1090 First Cabs in Toronto........................ 677
Denison, John .................................... 1001 First Members B. A. Fire Company 566
Denison, John E. .............................. 675 First Merchant Vessel........................
24
Denison, R. L. ........................... 7407, 781 First Officers Hook and Ladder Co.

:::

,

;:.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
l
Fi
;
l Oifi
i
ï..H

.d..Fi
:
...Ë;ig
d
:

:
Drew, Andl'ew ........................... 867, 870 First Steamboat in America............ 834
Dick, James ....................................... 815 First Steamboat 0]) Lake Erie......... 846
Dick, 'l'homal5 .................'
1;:;, Sin, 871 First Steamhoat OIl Lake Ontario.... 842
Dickson, N. H..................................... 10ÐO Fisher. Thollias ................................. 771
D D 1 l :x x o o n n '. F J . o
e . p .;:... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:::::::....:::::::::::::::: J

Fitz Gibbon. JaIlles ..................1022,1081
,
1.l Frizzell, SuttOl1 H.............................. 104-R
fuel's Brewery lJUl'nt ........................ 617- Forsyth, Frank ................................. 600
Don bridge and tIle Rebellion of 1837 568 FOrt Detroit ....................................... 1069
Don Foundry burnt, 18;:;U ...............
3
, Fort Mackinac............ ...............
....... 751
Donal(bQß, J. A. .............................. .46 Fort Niagara in 1790............,........... 741
Doughty, Thomas ..............................
OO Fort RouiIle............... ..................718, 733
Drummond, Charles ........................... 627 Frontenac, Count .............................. 81-5
Drummond, General........................... 100;:; Fulton, A. 'r........................................ 717
Duffy, James ........................................ 733 Furniss, Mr.......... ......... .................. óÐ1
Duggan, George ................................. 1001 4

fe

w
5F.

.:. ::::::::::::::::: ::::::::: ::: :::::" g

g
:
:::

l

e::: :::::: ..:::::::::::: :::::: :.

E Gamble, William ........................76Ð, Ð!)4
· Gardiner, John .................................... 717
Early :r\e.wspapel's ..................... LU;)4o, lOGO I Graham, Thomas ...... ..................5Ð3, 596
Early Printing ........................... ..... 743 1 Graham, William .............................. 1000
Early
ettlers or 17
1..................... 736 Gl,aham, William fl., Death of...... H36
Early Settlers, Cano,...;, B
ttcaux... 817 I Grand Opera House Burnt. 1879... 651
Early Toronto, 17U1........................... 736 1 Grand Trunk Elevator RUI'nt, 1864.. 63 . 7
Easson, Hobert P............................... 1053 Grand Trunk Hailway Fires......625, 638
East York Militia.............................. 778 Grasett, H. J., ColoneL................., R0:7
Edwards, \\ïllie, Burnt to Death... 652 Gra.sett, Rev. H. J............................ 80H
&planade :Fires of 1874 and 1885 Geddes, W. A. ................................. Ð!í5.
648, 654 German Mills .................................... 710
Ehnsley, John ...... ............864, 914, 1059 Glegg", Captain ........................... ...... 1071
Eglinton, Early Hesidents of............ 707 Gr('at Eal3tern
teE\,lll!>hiJl.................. H12
Elliott, Mrs. and Chilùl'en Burnt to Great Fires in 184H..................618. 61!1
Death in 1863................................. 637 Great Fires in 184R.................620, 621
Elli", Anthony.................................... 627 Great Fire on Front ISÌ1'Ppt. 1872... 64-fi
Engineers, Ho
ral Mail Line............ 90i Great Fire on Hi{'hmow( Btl'eet. 1859 631

PAl a;

i

GEN}<;RA
INDEX.

1'.\Ia-; PA(;Y,
Great Fire on St. üeorge's 8quare. Horse races of 1838........................... 7:;:-:
1860 ............ ........................ ......... *132 IIorße races of 1839........................... 7;)

Great Fire on Victoria street, 1
39, Horse races of 1840........................... 754-
630. 631 Horse races of 1857........................... 711;}
Great Fire on Yonge street. 1
6ð, Horse races of 1876........................... 7;);)
, I 640, 641 Horwood, G. C..................................... 8Ui
Gibson, David ...... .............................. 710 IIo\vland, F. A..................................... 76!1
Gilbert's Lumber Yard Burnt, 1859 630 Howland, Pelpg .............................,... 770
Gildersleeve :Family ........................... 109.l Howland, W. P.................................... 770
Gildersleeve. O. S., ........................... !H6 Hn;l, W., Gen{)raI......... 1065. 1113. 1120
Gillmor. Colonel................................. 790 Humber
tone, Thomas ........................ 71)!'
GivillB, James ..................701, 746.
OH I1uudrcIHh Regimeillt. formation of
Globe Fire. 1895 ,............................. fi60 77 4. 77

Good & Company........................... 61:' Hunter, Peter ........................... 6!:16, 106J
Good & CompanY'1!! Foundry Burnt 64U Hunter, Robert ................................. 58v
Gooderham & Worts }
ire ......642, 643 Hunter, Wiili.am ........................ 712, 71::
Gooderham, Willia.m ........................ 812 1
Gore, Francis Sir ............675, 696,10n1 Indians' gra\'
.................................... 10 I
Gordon, John .................................... 8
!) Irving, J. AE. ...... .............................. 69f'
Gordon, William .............................. 90:5 Introduction steam fire engincs......... 592
Government Dock Yards, Kings- U 62 Iron Block Burnt. 1872..................... H4ß
ton ... ...........................857, 8õ9, a
Government House Burnt, 1862, ... ß34 .J
Gunboats on Lakes. 1867 ............... H2rJ JacksLn, Clifton ................................. 706
H J ack
on, John Mills........................... 706
Jacque,.;; & Hay............ ..................... 61ft
Hagerman, C. ,A. ................................. lOãO Jacques & Hay, Fires at.........623, 625
Halton, Willi.am ................................. 1098 J ail on Gerrard
tre
t Bumt, 1862 fin4-
Hamiiton. Alexander ............... 365, 612 J It b 1. 749 -""2
Hamilton Foundry burnt, 1
76......... 649 ames, 0 el .............................. , Ii)
H t t U32 J arviß, E............. ............ ..,............... 614-
amL on
eamPI8.............................. J al'vÏB, Family ................................. 102;

Hampton, General.............................. 1085 Jarvis, Samuel P............................... 102

Hanlan, Edward ........................ 948, U31 J . S h 6 2 0
Harbottle, Thomas ...........................
9!1 arv
,
ep en......... .................. 7 , 1 O

Harris, T. D. .............................. 575, 849 .T arVl":, '\. B....,. ................................. 1089
Harris, W. R. .................................... u79 I Jesuit Fathe1'8 .................................... 695
Harrington, John .............................. '(ì29 Johnson, John .'.................................. 74;.1
Harrison. S. B. ................................. 74H Joseph, Frank --.........,........................ 112H
Harper Lieutenant 8UO Jukes, W. A,...............,....................... 940
Hartlle
, Patrick ...::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1001 K
Harston, C. G. ................................. 1106 Keele, ,,,. C........,........................735. 755
Hay & Company's fire, 1882............ 652 Kent, Duke of.....,................................, 822
Head, Edmund WaLker,
ir............... 1n89 Kerr,
Iartin .................................... 60(1
Head, Francis Bond, Sir..................... 1052 Kerr, ThomM ..............................593, 59f>
Heath, Charles .................................... 1048 Ketchum. Jesse ................................. 1034
Helliwell Brothers .............................. 617 I Killed aud Injured Jacques & Hay's
Helliwell. William ......... 1035, 1038, 1039 Fire ...........,...... .............................. 627
Hennepin, Father .............................. 816 Kingsmill. Colonel.............................. 760
Herchm('r, Jacob ................................. 872 Kingston Regatta, 1841..................... 877
Hercules Hcok and Ladder Compall:r Knox Church Burllt ........................... 618
566. 612 L
Hmon, Andrew.................................... U35 Lake Battles 17õ9 81H
HelOn.
amuel ....................................- 1001 Lake Ontari
Stea:;;;
.

...ï8Ö9
ï895.
Heðs & Company's fire, 188U............ Jì!í,6 . 982: 989
Heward, Frank ......---- ..........--.......... 382 Lake Shipping' 1799 830
Hey", EO'OillOl1 ...............,.................... 1017 Lake Shore To'll Gat
..Ë

t...ï86ï::: 633
HLlicr, Major ...............'.................... (j7,6 Lambton llillB · 767
Hi
lier, 'fhoma..
..... .................'......... 1096 La Salle Rene Ïi
b

t""................8ï5. 981
Ho 6 g'tI Hollow.................................... 709 Latholll Hen;y .................., 813
H0 6 g's Hollow church ........................ 709 Lawren
e's Tal1n:

ÿ...:::::..::.....:::::::::::: 708
Hogg. J ameH ....................................... 708 Leak's Soap W orko;; 814
Ho.Ia nd, G. B. .................................... !J05 Lee, Dr. __................::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1090
Holland. S., Major.............................. 699 .Leonard. H. B. ................................. 581
Home Dbt!ict Grammar Schoo!......... 100(; Lpgislative Assembly. 1821...............1097
Hook and Laùder Co., first officers... 565 LegÍ8lative Council. 1821.................. 1097
Honse boats ..................... 7fi2. 7m; R
4- IÁ'gnprre, hp
....,.......'..,.................... 627

"ii

(iEXERAL l...\"IH';X.

1>.\1:1:
J:..cwi" & CÜ.. HiC{.................................. (nk !\'OI.tliel'U PieI' ....................................
Lilld...::tT. Charl<,s .............................. (;73 Xortb-west }:xpedition .....................
LiIJpinéott. Hiehard ...........,.........7Hì. ]04;3
otfible Steamers ..............................
Louut. Samuel.................................... ]051 0
1.01'11(' and Vi<,toria Park StPfimpJ's...
15
Oak JUdges............ ......... .................. 693
Loyal aud Patriotic f-:ocicty of e.c. u
7 O'Hara, Colonel, James..................... 751
M Ontario's I"Ïrst Schooners.................. R1H
Macaulay. James .....................I.,
U. 10
m Ottawa River Steamers..................... fJ73

Iacaulay. James S........................... ]020 Otter, {,o'onel ..............................791, 7mì
Macdoll('lI. AugUB D............................ 749 O'Brien, E. G........................................ 5H'i-
Mackenzie ItebeJIion and Firemen...... 56S OfficeN East York Militia, 1818......... 778

facllab. Allan ....................................
fiR Officers East Yo:,k Militia, 1837......... 7R2

Ia('llab. Alexaud('r ........................... 697 Officers Fire D:,pnrtment, 1846......... 57fJ

la('nah. l
v. Dr. .............................. HfJï Offipers; Hundredth Rt'gimpnt......774, 1112

lacklem. Oliwr T. ...........................
96 Offif'iql Record First Fir(' Brigade... 574-

Iagratb. ,James ................................. 1U43 O"'goorlby }'ire of 1895...........:......... 663
Mail Building Burllt ... ...............fj;)4. fi55 P
ManBion HOll!!e Hotel........................ H13 Paterson, David ................................. ñ73
:\larkpt Elevator Burnt .................. 650 I'lntt, George .................................... :i94
}larkham, Early S
ttlers in............... (;92 Pl'll. J. E. .......................................... 1 ()
n
}larkR. William ...... ................. .......... (j!f2 Prentice,
mes .................................... 742
MnrkB. William ................................. ríR7 Pren)<;t. Gl'orJre, Sir......... 683, 1064.1086
Mauleverer. CoIOlJPI ...... ............ ......... U 12 J'Lïl: })
, HfI',r. Dr.................................. 770
Mechanics' Illi!titute.................. 75H, 760 Ph ill POtts. Captain ........................... H76
Mechanics' IUE1titute. Pn'sid{,llt
ï5f1 Pi1gl'image riot ................................. 793
Mechanics' Institutes,
ecretaries... 76() Pïl' n be 1: 739

Iechauics' IUfltitutc. TJ'NI.8Urcl',", ... 7GO ! nu
t<:u, .OJ .............................. r:""
J Of 9 PIper, HIram ....................................... .,,9
'\Iedical Bonrd. FirHt............ ............ ,J PI i
e, JameLl ....................................... 573
Meehan Terrpnc
' ............ .......... ;;
7, 4i2!t Primitive Ml'thodist Ch'urch burnt,
Mt'llilonists ......... ,........ .......-, ..'...... 6!17 1873 ...... ...... ...... ...... .................. Ci-l7
}lprcl'r. Samup\ ..................... ............ IOul Princ<" Jolin ....................................... ]0;;2
)lp
.erhoffP1'. Y. P...............,.., ...----.. 714 'Prillting, Early................................. 743
:\Ii1itia Offiecl'ß. ]7m
..........., ............ (iH6 Privat. L. J........................................ 7G3

Iilitia. at Quet'llstoll. 1:-<40..............,
74 Port Dalhomdl' Steam
rs..................... 930
1Iiller, George ......... ............... ...... 10!!1 Po:-t<: of Entry ....................................
31
11il1oy. A. ......... ...... ............ .-.......... 95rí Popula tion of (Tppcr Canntla in lS21 1100
}Iooilie, Robert ... ............ ...... ............ 90!. Posta I Arran
em('nt8 ill 1 H31............
:í(;
1Ioodie" Su
anlla .............................. k67 Po<;t. .TO
'rl'lll ....................................... (;73
:Morrisoll Jo"eph.................. ............... 673 Pott_'rs' Field .................................... 702
:\-Iortimer, Georgl' .............................. 714 Po ,,-cll. 'Mary.................................... (is;;
Murphy, John ...........................,....,...lOlD Powell, W. n., Chief .1mtiee...... G8:í,1067
Murrray, Captain .............................. 827 P/"Opdl:,r JnkernwJl Lo<ot .................. 900
Mu"son, T}1o-n
u; .................................1091 Prolwller Magnet Lú"lt ..................... 936
Mlls<oa, Wi!li'lJU ..............,... ........ '.... 563 })r'ovindal Grent R
fli ........................ 744
MI' Provincial JIl!''Urance Company......... õ8H
McI.Æ3n, DO:lalò ........... ..lj X ï,1000 Provisions. PriceR of, in 1814............100;;
McLean, RamUf" ...... ...... ......,.. ...... ..'... 5S1 PUiHI'lye, eomte de.............................. 693
Mdpod. Martin ..................,.............' 691 Pursers, Royal :Mail Line.................. 90ï
McGill, .Tol11l ................................,...... J OO!) t,l
:M r ']{in 1 ey Fir;> .................................... (i5!ì I Qu
l(erB, the PcoJJle CaIlNJ.........G95,. 70:-:
McDonnell. Archibald. 0' Newo(]]a\'
(!m'en Cit
. Stpamer Bur'nt ............... (j2

k('t......... ......... ......... ......... ............ lOW Queen'liI Forester's nnd Rnnge'.s......... :'72

fcGlyn Murder Trial, 1864.........,.. (;37 Qu"en's Own Ri"I...'s, Fj
6t OmCNS... 7
;-{
K QUr'pn'B Own Rmes, Feni,an R'1id

A.
h, J anle, ................. .......... ............ G4S ............78-6, 7
/-.

ttva\ EventA O'} Lakp Ontario ill Queen's TIrlngp!'", 703. 787. 7
9. 744, 7tH
- 1776-1783
21 Qu:--en';:; Wharf ... ..h........................... mw

avv Hall'.
Ni

.

, ..j;
ij
i.i
lg..;;
:::::: 7

7 QlI
1\ll. .101m ....................................... R92
'eWeP
pcrs EarlV' 10:34 1060 (1u nt". Bay o
..........................-....,.... 1102
\ïl1ga
a in' 1790.:....::::::::
:::::::::........: 741 R
Niagara. Steamer's and
heil' Offi- Hacquet Com1: Burnt, 1861............... 63:

eel'S............... .................. .........fJ2;)-!)30 ftathnn :Iy ...... .................................... 704
Night GU:1rrl in Rebellion Time'S...... õ61) "Re-;('u
" };'i--e En
iIle........................ Ci81
\"ort'bern Bll'vl1to" Burnt, 1870......... 644 ned TIiver Exrerlition........................ 7!Jl

l' ,\(a:
681
79
'
850

(
EXERAL [\'"I>E\".

iii

1',\4:1': PAGE
Ite
iJll(,uÞ; ÍJl QuebeC', 17ïli............... ï 4ì
tl'uUlI,ïro tEIIg-i III' I'> Fir
t Introduced 592
Reid, George .......................................
;)4 Hteampr Admiral Burnt..................... 894-
Rirhardoon, Hugh......81G, 853,
s
.
,:

Hte3.mer Ca).o:irlL"' Dcstroved............... 868
Riehelieu antI Ontario Steamers U74. !I81 Steamer C3 taraqui Burût............,..... 873
Hidgeway. Ki.Jled and Wounded......... 7
8 Steamer l'IIProkee ............... ............ 880
Ridout, .r. G.........,.............................. 78] Steamer Commerce Wrecked ......,.....

2
mdout, Samuel........................... 67
, 673 Steamer Commodore Barrie, 'Vreck-
Ridout, Thomas ...... 672, 673, 1000, 1063 ed ............... ............ ......... ......... 877
Ripley, W. II. .................................... 813
tcamer Fronteuac Eurnt ............... S54-
Ritchey, John .................................... 1034- Stea mer G
orge \Y nshington Burnt... 872
Uobertson, .John........................ ......... 1126 Steamer Lady Elgin Wrpcked......... 910
Robertson. JamefJ. & Compan
.......... 65H
teamers on Lakes, 1809.1
9ú...982, 9R9
Robinson, Christopher......... ...... ...... 11] a
teamera on Lakp Simcoe...699, 872,
Robinson, John B. ............... ............ 1021 SS6, !)1l,
44
Rochester Firemen ,.............. ......... (j23
tcamer Morriwn, .J. ('., Burnt...... 900
Rochester St('amers......... ......... ...... \172 Steamers on Ontario in 1836......... 863
Rochefoucault. Duke............... ......... R24 Steamer Ocean VìaYI
Bl1rnt...............894-
Itoe, William ............ ............ ......... tj
7 1 Steamer Passport, Accident on.........
82
Roge.r, Samuel...................,..;.. ............ 1
2
Steamer Pe(,l'lesB. Disappears............ 91!
ROSSlll House Burnt. 186_............... 6n;, Steamer QUl'en Clty Bm.nt......... ...... 89 j
Rouille, Fort.................. ......... 718. 732 1 Steamer Queen of West Burnt......... 894
Rowan, Lieut.-ColoneL...................... 752 Steamer on nice Lake..................... 870
Roy. LouÍB........................ ......... ...... 743 Steamer Zimmerman Burnt............... 91;)
ltoyal Canadian Riflefl............ ......... 761 Steward's Royal Mail Line............... 907
P.oyal Grenadiers. First Officertl...... 801 Ships on Lak('s, 1766........................ 820
Hoyal Grelladierfl. First Members... 802 Hilwrthornt', Thomas ........................ 1034-
I:oyal Grclladieri':, Presentation of F-:im{'o
, John Graves........................... 826
Colours ............ ............ ............... Rnn SimpBon Fire, 1895.....................667, 668
l
oyal Canadian Yacht Club......963, 971 Rinclair, ('apt a in ..............................
)55
Royal Lyceum TIurnt, 1874............... 6.... I Smith, A. )1........................................ 717
P.oyal Opera IIouse Eurnt, 1883...... 6ú3
mith, Goldwin ....,............................1110
Hoy-al Mail Line of Stenmerfl...901, U07 Smith, Jamps .....................ú87, 588, 612
Rules B. A. Fire Compall
................ 566 ) '
mith, Larratt ................................. 716
Russell Abbe
' nUl'llt, 1856............... 628 Scobie, Hugh ..............................G16, 685
Russell. Peter............ ............... 692. 1059 I Scott, J. I1
.......................................... 94-4
nuttan, lienrJ................... ......... ...... 1087 1 Somerset, WilIiulll ............................. 618
S Stollery, Colonel................................. 807
Saint Audrew'g Market nUl'nt, 1
6U. 632 \ Storms and ShipWl...cks..................... 907
Saint James' Cathedral Burnt ]S3!J 61
Storm, Thom:lI'! ............,..............ã70, 612
Saint James' Cathedra.l Eurnt; 1849 620
ulliYan, R. E........................,............ 677
Saint Stephen'8 ('hureb Burnt, 1
65 639 1
ummel' Hill....................................... 704-
F-:anson, Rev. Alpxander...............709, 813 Suthf'rland, JanH'!'; ........................... 864

c-adding, R('v. IT............................... {)fl2 T

arlett, John ..............................767, 1001 Talbot, Thomas .................................1097

haw, Aeneas......... ............74-6. 105!1. IOn T:mdem Club Meetingl3...1040, 104-8, 10m
8ha"., Alexander .............................. 746 'J'aylor, J. F........................................ 74:;

baw, George......... .......................... 746 i 'l'raill, C. P....................................,...109!:í
Shaw, George A............................747.
07 1 Temple, Captain ....,............................ 613
Small, C. C...........................................
]4 'l'eralllay Cottage .............................. 61
1
Small, John ......................................, l06!J i Tera1l1ay Street Fire, 187ï............ 64-fI
Snar r, J obu ......... ..'...........................
14- 'l'l'rry, Parshall ............... ......... .., ...... 994
Spanish Caravels .......'................ ..... fl56 Thomson, Archib3 III ........................... 1000
8park, Colonel.................................... 7.34 TLo1l1Bon, E. W. ...........................734, 1087
Stanton, Robert ..................... ......... 10a-! Thomson, John .......__........................... 764
Strachan, ,Jarof's ............... ............... 70R Thompson, Charh'1o; ........................... 894-
Straehan, Dr. John .....................612, 1007 Thorne, H. ..........................................1009

:t. George, H. Q........................,tm4, 100ï Toronto Ferry
te:l1ners............!)59, 960
fo;ecord. Laura ............... .........11122. 1081 Toronto Firð Brigade By-Laws,

(> lkirk, Lord .................. ... '.............. 101 K 1887 .............. ....... .................. ...602, 612

ettlers in Markham........................... 6
I2 Toronto Lighthouse ........................... 680
:?ettlers in Vaughan........................... 692 Toronto l\;"igbt Guart1 ..................... 760
Shea, John .............................. ......... 1128 '1'oronto R('guttrr ........................940, 941

heaffe, Sir Roger.....................l075. 10ï7 Town of York. ]803 and 1809...994,
196
Sheppard. Joseph .............................. 1001 Town of York, Population 1793 and

l1f'rwood. Samue] .....,..............,........, 6iS 1834 .................. .....................9!J:
. fJ!IH

xn

G EX ERAl. IN 1> EX.

P,H:}'; I'.\G t.
TOWDBley. J. & 1r............................... 704 Whitney. F. A.................................... 76P
U Whitne;r. G. T. ................................. 109(\
University Fire of 1890............,........ 657 Whitne;r. J. W. G............................... 762
\T Widmer. Christopher.....................814, 1099
. 9 Wilson. David ..............................686. 689
Vaughan. Early
ttlcr8 m............... 6 2 Wilson, Stillwell ........................ 706, 1001
Vankoughllct. P. N. ........................... 1089 Wright. Edward .............................. 594
V
8Sel
on !he Lak
B, 1678-1895...982. 989 Wolseley. Garnet .............................. 789
VIctoria FIre Engme........................... 582 I Wonderful VelS6el .............................. 850
,y I Wood, Alexander ..............................1007
War of lS12... 709.
3ï, t;38, t;3U
-!o x-!
":oodsworth. Richard ........................ 571
War Vessels on Lakcs. 1817............ S45 '
ort8 and Gooderham ..................... 812
Wallis Brown 71 7 Worts. James .................................... 813
W atki
and H
;:
i
::::::::::::

::::

::::::: 571 Worts, James G............................ ..... 813
Watson. John .................................... 1;27 }'
Wells, Joseph. ColoneL...............,...... 1U9
Yeo. James :::;il'.................................... 1083
WctenhaU. John .....................,...........1087 Yonge, George Sir.............................. 700
Wreck of the Speed;).........................
3
Yonge Street, 1832.............................. 701
Wreck of the york..,....................,......
29 York County Officials..................990. 996
Whitehead. John ........................593. 5Çjl) YorkT'ille Annexed with Toronto...... 601

PREF
\CE

This, the second yolume of t.he " Landmarks of Tot'onto," contains in popular and
readahle fOt'm, a continuation of the history of t.he capital of old Upper Canada ft'om
t.he days" \Vhen wild in woods the noble savage ran," down to t.he present golden hour
of invention, when science with electric power whids the citizen of to-day along streets
traversed less th,tn a centut'y ago by the primith'e ox-motor and cat't.
The fit'st \"olume of "The Landmat'ks" found the favour of neady a t.homand
patrons, who either by ancestry or association, had an interest, if not in Little York, at
least in the greater Toront.o, Indeed a morlerate sized volume would not contain t.he
written words of good-will expressed hy readers for a compilation that t.o-day would
ha,'e been almost. impossible by reason of the passing away of pioneers.
The pages in this volume are composed of a republication of articles by writers on
the staff of The Toronto Et'enillfl Telegram. These articles during the past few years
have appeared in the columns of that. joumal.
Each article is complet.e in itself and the engravings in the volume are either from
photographs or pen-drawings of the place or location represented, or from original
drawings in my possession or in the cust.ody of public institutions, or of private
individuals, who have kindly placed them at. my disposal.
E\'ery effort has been made to secure absolute accuracy in the letter press, and the
entire puhlicat.ion has had my pet'sonal revision. As a native bom Tot'ontonian, with
ovet' half a century's residence in the city, and a familiarity with t'very map, plan,
pict.ut'e ot' drawing, of or belonging to Y ot'k from the days of )Irs. Simcoe-who made
the first picture-in 1;92 and Toronto Îrom 1834, the assurance is given that the deawings
are faithful reproductions of the ot'iginals.
Of the fil'5t ,'olume one thousand copies were printed, and of these less than one
hundred remain unsold, so thut with the advent of the second volume and the orders
received for the two volumes the fit'8t numbct' will shortly be out of pl'int.
The edit.ion of the second volume is limited to one t.housand copies and it will not
he repl'inted. The pl'ice is t.he same as that of the first volume-two dollars a copy.
The third volume will be issued in September of 1896, and wilJ contain about two
hUllllt'ed engl","wings, with a large alllount of new matter concerning early York and also
a complete history of each church in the city from 1792-1896.
The ,"alue of this puhlication is enhanced. by the fact t.hat it is now the acknowledged
book of reference in connection with the history of York and Toronto, in the courts of
law and in arbitrations concerning property in Toronto. In a recent case of arbit.ration,
in which a lat'ge sum of money was invoh'ed, the odginal drawing, a copy of which had
appeared in The Et'pning 'l'r-lc,:vam and is now in this volume, was an important piece of
evidence, so much so that the arhitl'ator admitted that its production was a most material
aid in arl'Íving at a decision,
Copies of this volume may lIe obtained by remitting two dollars to the office of 'Thl'
El"fning 'I'degram, or hy personal application.
The ,'olume is offerecl to the public in the belief that ft'om conI' to covet' it contains
information which must interest not only the pioneers, who are still to the fore, with their
descendants, but the residents of later YPal'S who have made the capital city of this
province their home and abiding place fot' all time to come.

J. ROSS ROBERTSON.

LANDMARKS

OF

TORONTO.

Sketches of Oló Houses anó Places of Interest From 1792-1895.

CHAPTER CXCVI. win the prize. Oftentimes the barrel en
the first cart would be less than half
THE FIRE BRIGADE OF OLD. filled, the jolting over the rough roada
Story of thf' Toronto .'Ire (.
mpanles f'rom having caused a wholesale spilli11 f'". Thi.
mode of supply was in force in 1834,
(ll.elr Bf'glll.lI.lng to tlt.- '-ear 1
95. when Toronto Wag incorporated.
In this advanced age of mechanicalltnd' 0111.' hundred and fifty yea rs before
øcientific progrCSB, when fires are fought Christ, Hero, in Alexandriå, de"cribed a
with steam fire engines diacharging from I machine termed by him " the Siphons
400 to 1,750 imperial gallons of water uBed in conflagrations." which with Borne
per minute, aerial laddel1!, water towel'1!! I aùditions, such as hose and some improve-
and other subBidiary appliances specially I ments in the details of cOllBtruction, is
designed to augment the eliOl'UJ of fire- I prflctiC''111,v the same as the hand fire en-
men, the primitive devices of le9Ø than ginea first introduced into Toronto. So
half a century ago are either unknov.-u I early as the middle of the seventeenth
to the preßent generation or are almæt centuIT there were hand engines in the
!forgotten by the earþt aettlera in To- cit.'" of Kuremberg worked by twenty-
r(loUto who are still alive. In fire-fighting eight men, which threw a stream of
machinery, certainly" nothing ÍB like it f\vater an inch in diameter to a height
u=Jed to be." From the bucket brigade, of eighty feet. Xecessarily, in a small vil.
drawing its supply from ordinary wells, I lage the conditions are such that all
to the hand fire engine was a great im- methods of extinguishing fires must be
provement, that was later on completely crude and inefficient.
overshadowed by the introduction of In 1820, and for some years subsequent-
steam fire engines, pumping from tanka ly, the law W80S that every hOUireholder
filled from hydrants or water carts. The should keep two leather buckets hanging
establishment of the present water-w'Orks I in a conspicuoUB place in front of hi.
symem in Toronto, in 18ï2, furnished for \ h0118e. On an alarm, which W8J; sounded
a time a satisfactory fire pressure, nnd I by shouting and ringiug the bell of St.
the Bteam. engines were relegated to re- .Tames' Church, then the only bell in the
tirement. cit
., a double row of citizens was form-
The era of tall buildiugs demoustrated ed from the burning building to the Bay,
the insufficiency of the fire pressure to or to the nearest ciBtern, and along one
reach above the third s\orey, however, I line were
ed the buckets full of water,
and the three dißastrouø conflagrations and down the other the empty buckeu.
in the eMc'y part of 1895 forced. a 1'1.'- In 1826, eight years before York 00-
turn to the U8'e of øte.."I.m engines as a Came Toronto, the first fire department of
me..asure of Belf-protection from the rav. the toWIl wall organized.
ages of the devouring element. The first fire engÏJ.1e company WBB in-
When hand fire engines came into use stituted in the year 1826, and WBB com-
the bucket brigade pa&!!ed ()lilt of exist- þOi8Cd of Some of the moat :respectable
e
ce, water being conveyed to the en- merchants and tradesmen of the town.
glnes in large barrels, filled at Ule bay Mr. Carfrae, jr., by whom the company
a.nd
arried on waggoU8 to the scene of wae fin<t formed, was elected first cap-
the fire, a premium being paid to the tain, and was re-elected every year dul'-
carter first arriving with .. suPply ðf iug the six years be remained in the
water. The rivalry am011g8t the city ('art-
company. He was succeeded by William
ers W8.8 alwaYB keen, aud mA...y a.."l 1.'.1.- I MUSl3On.
citing race WM witnessed as the
I 'l'he engine hOUBe, or fireman's hall, of
drove their horBt!8 at a furiouø pac.e to I this company, and the first in Toronto,

564

LAND
IARK
OF TORONTO.

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8

LANTnIARKS OF TORONTO.

565

stood on the west side of Church street, I Its officers of vm;
were:- WlTIiam
the next building south of the old Scotch MU8son, captain: David Paterson, firøt
kirk, amI between CQ\lrt and Adelaide lil'utenant: John Armstrong, second lieu-
8treet<;. It waR a two storey h:'ick hnild- tenant: Thomas Platt, treaBurer; Alex:-
lug, surmounte:l in the :rear p,art b;r a ander Hm
lÌlton.
cr
tary.. .
"mall tower, t;ince removed. I he buIld- Every fIreman durmg hIS contlDuanc.c
inp: WaB in 1
34 dividpd into thrr"> in Rctual duty was exemI)ted from mili-
dvisions or compartroeutfl. The south th ùuty in the time of peace, from !'erviu,g
\ ivÜ:iau wa!!l occupied by Phoenix "No. 1 as a jur;pnan or a cOllstabl!'. a,ILl from
eugi:lC> the centre by engine
o. 2, awl i all other parish and to\o\"11 offices.

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95

;7T
==-

FIRST FIRg HAU.-BAY STREET-BUILT 1841.

the no"th by the Hook an:I L,d ler Com- The Ii 'st hOJk aull laddt'r company was
pany. The bell tower was at HIP 8üuth- fO.'lUe 1 i!l Þpril. 1831. It possessed the
west Corner, in the rear of the building,
aml' P' i vih>gL's an I eX!'lllptiollS as
and in thi" waE'l a bell. whkh was rung the fire comp3ny. It was sixty
fl"om a rope in the rear of the south Iltrong. Its officers were:- Captain
èivi,ion, occupied by the Phoel1i'i: Com- Thomas Emery, fir8t lieutenant Michael
pal1Y. At the rc,r of tb!' buiilIillg wa.." al"o P. Emery. second liC'utenant Archibald
a long she 1, one storey I,i:?;h, u"el1 far
IcLelIall, treasurer 'VilIiam Ketehum,
dryilJJ!; ho;e. Thf' h('\1 ,,-a" dterwR1'Ilf\ f;('cretarv Cha1'les Hunt. It was ca ll!'d
hung iu the steeple of St. James' church, Phoenix'No. 1. Monev was raised hy sub-
all!l wa.8 destroyed in the fire of 184:9. :<cl'iption for a spcond cngine, which wall
In 1833 th!' C
IlJlallv. which still OCCIl- called No.2.
pied the Church øtreet" fire hall, was fifty As bcforp stater], the two engiueB and
øtrong and had two excellent fire engines, hook and ladder "apparatus occupied the
af! fir!' _ !'llgillÆ'--8 went in thOBe times, and Chul"eh street building.
al>üut .50 fect of IJl<&'. I In 1837 the Cit,y of Toronto Fire Engine

500

LAKD
1ARKS OF TORONTO.

Company and the CIty of Toronto Hook son being caned to tùe chair, and Alex-
and L
ùder Comp:m.Y occupied the same a,nder Hamilton appointed secretary, the
buildiug on the wc.r-;t of Church street ad- following resolution was adopted, viz.,
joinin
the court houee as since their for- That Dayid Paterson, Richard WoodB-
mation. worth, Joseph Di,xon, Geørge Harbron
The engin
company WM equipped with and Alexander Hamilton be a committee
two en
in"..;; and numbered seventy mem- to adopt by-Iaw
for the company and
bel's. Its OffiCiH'S
Yere :-William Musson, report next Wednesday eveni1l 6 at 7
captain, JOhll Baker, lieutenant of No. 1 o'clock."
engine: William Morrison, lieutenant of Ou May 3rd the company met accord-
No. 2 ell
ine; J. F. Westland, treasurer; iug to adjournment, when the following
Charlp,ß Huut, secretary of the company. additional volunteers were
dmitted:
The hook aud ladder company cOlli!isted Joseph Willson, George Nicholls, Hiram
of sixty members, officered by William Piper and Hobert Stli)wart. The commit-
Ket
hum, president; M. P. Empey, firøt tee reported, when the following by-laws
lieutenant; William RootS, eecond Heuten- were adopted for the future gonrllillent
ant;
iUiam Bright, treasurer; George of the company:
L, K&t"ton, 6ecretary. " That for the discil)line and regulation
Following these pioneer engines Came of the company, a captain. a fir8t and
No, 3, a machine given by the British second lieutf'ual.lt, a treailurer and sec-
American Life and Fire A!'ßuranc" ('-om- retary be appointed by ballot, to be in
pany. She WM known all the "Britißh office one year.
Ameli ''''-:' and WM a Montrpal .. f0.e I ., That the company meet on the first
anll aft" tnb. No. 3 was housed Ì!.l the I Monday of every month, at the hour of
hall at tJ::e south-east Comer of Ba
r anll J 6.30 p.m.
Temperance streets, which W8fI built in: " That a majority of the members form-
1839-4:0, At the north ConlPr 'was a ,
he" ing the company, including the captain
fm' the hose carriage, and next south or lieutpnant, be a quorum. and com-
WE.
a onl'
torl'
IJl1i1ding, wherp the, petpnt to proceed to busine
s.
engiue stood. This building waa originn.lly I "That the roll be called at half-past 8ix
two compartlll.euts, the I'!outh one bping o'clock, when those absent shall be fined
oecupie 1 by 1\0. 3 eJJgille, and the 110rth oue shilling anù three pence, and. if ab-
by Bercule" Hook anl Laddpr Comp'3.n
r. Bellt fol' the night, two shillings and 6ix-
Th
shed 011 the
outh lôiJe, which after- . pence.
wards was built up, Waß occupied by the I "That the fines shall be paid on the first
Hose CompanJ r . So that the entÏ1'e build- day of meeting after being imposed, and
bg Wag pla.ctically ùivided, aI3 it is to- I that no exemptions be admitted unl('Ss
I!ay (1895) into three compartments. I for actual sickncsl'!, sickness iu the fam-
Tile "fore and aft enginps" wpre more ily requiring the attenùance o
the mem-
powerful than the pÍ:1.no or goose neck I bel'S, or they being ab
ent five miles from
machine!". :
s thpy could be worked by the city on bW!inesB of necessity.
a larger fo-:"ce. The full crew of a "That if the linea are not paid to the
U fore and aft" was from twelve to treasurer 011 or before the second day
fifteen men at each brake, and the full of meeting after they are levied, the name
crew of a piano wa.a seven or eight at of. such person or peraons offending be
each bro!.'ak. From the book of minutes of reported to the company, and if not paid
No, 3, from itß inception in April 26, by the regular meeting night following
183ï, to the earlv part of 1849 some ex- they
hall be expelled.
tract;; are quoted, among other
those re- " That all moneys by fines or otherwiRe
lating to the part the company took in go to a general fund, and be applied
tl1e }Iackenzie rebf'llion, Thl' first entry from time to time to such purpO!-;es as
dated April 26, lR3ï. reads: a majority of the compauy shall direct.
"A fh-e engine, procured by the Eritisb " Tnat it shall be the duty of every mem-
American Life aud Fire ÅSI3urance Com- bel', in case of fire, to repair forthwith to
pl'tny, havin
arriyed at 6 o'clock in the the engine house to ailsist in conveying
c venin6' the following perROllB convenpd I the engine to the place of fire, to work
at the engine houee and volunteered their it, and to remain there until the fire
øervices to form a company for working shall be extiuguÏlshed, or until discharged
her: Da vid PatÆ'rSOf.l, Alexander Hamil- by the officer in command.
ton, Richard Woodsworth, Alexam]er " That it Ïg necessary for the good order
Rennie, George IIarbron, John Adaml3on, of the company that a fine of one shill-
Ja<reph Dixon, John Miller, Thomfis }Iills, iug be impæell for dißobedience of orders
William Duncan, Charles Graham, RiCh- I at private meetings, and two shillings
ard Nortbcotp, John Bell, Dnvid Hender- and sixppnce while on duty with the en-
øon, Francis McMahon, Edward Robson. gine; al
o that any mpmbar who I'!hall
James Fer6'usoll, Isaac Roblllson, Hobert: be guilty of smoking, using pr
fane lan-
Barnee and John McKenzie. David Pater- gU3-g
0;' I'!w4!,.
riJJg at any meetlllg of the

L
\XIßIARKS OF TORONTO.

567

company shall be subject toa fine of one shil- I excusing memhers, who upon the day of
ling for the first offence, two shillings for the I meeting should be called away from the
second offence, and expelled for the third. city upon business, after which the follow-
" That every member of the company ing clause was ordered to be added to the
wear his fire hat where practice or any duty .3th section of the by-laws, namely, "or
with the engine is required, on default of that heing five miles distant from the city
which the fine of one shilling and three- on necessitous business." It was moved by
pence shall be levied on such person or per- Edward Rohson, seconded by John Bell,
sons who shall wilfully neglect this rule, that the committee appointed on the night
unless the person can prove otherwise to the in July to procure caps do so forthwith,
satisfaction of the company. On Monday, 4th September, 1837, the
"That it is expedient, should. a vacancy company met at the usual place at half
occur, that the company do fill it up as soon past six. The machine was taken out to
as practicable by the first suitable ,.0Iunteer, the door of the engine house, where water
"That all applications for membership to being procUIed it was worked handsomely
this company be in writing, or through the I by the company for a few minutes, the
members of this company, and that they do engine performing to the satisfaction of the
lie over for one month after being proposed members, throwing water to the distance of
before they can be granted." 1 140 feet horizontally. After working the
After the adoption of the foregoing rules machine and running the water sufficiently
or by-laws, the company balloted for through the hose they were taken in, a
officers for the ensuing year, the temporary number of fines coìlected, and the cap com-
appointment of captain and secretary being mittee directed to forward the completion
confirmed. The officers chosen were: of them with all speed. New members pro-
First lieutenant, Richard \Yoodsworth, posed were :-Henry Cowan, by D. Paterson
carried 11 to 7; second lieutenant, A. and R. Stewart; Richard OWLn, by
Rennie, carried 12 to 2; treasurer, Joseph Thomas Mills ; Thomas Saunders, by Joseph
Dixon, carried 8 to 7; first branchman, \Vilson and Edward Robson. D. Paterson,
Robert Stewart; second branchman, John J. Miller and H. Piper were the monthly
Adamson. The meeting adjourned until committee for the care of the engine,
the first Monday in June, at half-past six On Monday, October 3rd, 1837, the com-
o'clock. A list of the compr..ny was sent to pany met accordin a to adjournment, at six
the Clerk of the Council. o'cl',:ICk-seventeen'" members present, The
On Monday, the 5th June, 1837, the com- machine being now quite finished, and all
pany met at half-past six, and was informe{l the company in good spirits, they got a
that satisfactory arrangements were entered puncheon of water at the door of the engine
into with the officers of the other fire com- house, and ran it through the hose; found
pany respecting the supplies of watcr ; that all well. On a motion of George Harbron,
the city authorities had passed a resolution seconded by Alexander Rennie, that rule 12
placing this company on the same footing as be suspended, the members proposed on the
the other fire companies of this city, and evening in Decemher were elected by a show
that the certificates were getting ready. of hands, together with John Bugg, pro-
The company appointed the officers a com- posed by Robert Stewart, seconded by Mr.
mittee to obtain information where coats for \V oodsworth. Thomas Smith, proposed by
\hose at present unsupplied could be obtained. John Bell seconded by A. Rennie.
On July 3, 1837, the c?mpany met at the On Monday, 6th November, 1837, the
usual hour. The followlllg volunteered at regular meeting of thc company took
the first monthly committee to take care of place at the engine housc at half-past six
the engine, hose, etc. :-Paterson, Hamilton o'clock. Some conversation took place re-
and :Mills. :Mr. J, Dickson, seconded by specting the propriety of having a per-
Mr. .Mills, moved that Richard Tinning be BOn appointed t.o take charge of th<,. engine
&chmtted a member of the company, and and keep
er III good orde
and III con-
rule 12 bp.ing suspended, he was elected Irtant read
neBs for operatIon, and also
accordingly. Messrs. Paterson, Dickson
ft{'r
Yorklng to take care to have her
and Harbron were appointed a commit.tee
mrnedlately
leancù. It was agree
that
to procure caps for the companv. :Mr. It shall c:ontlllue. M fo
merlr untIl
he
Joseph Wilson, seconded by A. "Rennie, next meetIng, durlllg whIch tIll
e enqwry
moved that Hu h M 'N "1 b d 'tt d may be made whether BOrne sUItable per-
memba f g c el e a Inl e a. son Can be procured for that purpoee.
On l' 0 the com
ny. MeBsrs. Miller and Mills agree tA> call on
August 7th, 1837! the company met at the cnptain and R8Sist him in greaøing
the usual hour, when .It called upon some the wheels of the machine. Proposed b7
a.bsentees of former mghts for fines due. R. Woodsworth, seconded by G. Harbron.
Some conversation ensued when fining or I S. E. Taylor. Proposed by R. Woode-

568

LA.
D
lARKS OF TOR-OXTO.

worth, seconded by Q,Harbron,Thos.Storm. I be the deputation to wait upon the
Proposed by R. Tinning, seconded by John I Mayor. ACl'ol'dillgly the )1ayor was wait.
Bell, John Charters. Rule 12 being suspend- I ed on instantly, when he informed the
ed at lhe motion of Richard \Voodsworth, I de
utation that he felt gralified anò
seconded by A. Rennie, the above members oblIged by. t.he voJun
ary of!er of servicE
were elected by a shm\' of hands. I by the Bl'lbsh AmerIcan FIre Company,
On December 4th, 1837, the regular He rel1u
sted, as the s?-fety and defence
monthly meeting night, the company met of the city wa.
by h18 E
cellency the
at the usual hour. It was resolved that Governor commItted to hIm, that the
the name of George Nicholls be expunged BritiHh American. Fire Compa
y woulò
fOl' non-attendance. The following new n
t leav
the CI.ty, but repaIr forth-
mt'mbers were proposed, and, rule 12 be- ,:Üh . with theIr arms and en-
ing suspended, were immediately initi- gme, cIstern,
tc". to the market flquare
ated: Henry Stewart, proposed by John and the!c awaIt hIS further or?ers. The
Di
on seconded by James Ferguson' John deputatIOn returned to the engme hou.se,
Campbell proposed by Thomas 'Mills delh"ered the orders of the Mayor to the
flccondeèl ' by Robert Barnes. ' company which were immediately com-
On December 5th, 1837, about one a,m., pl
ed with, and with tl!e greatest a!a-
the city was alarmed by the ringing of cnty by the company, with the exceptIOn
the fire ooll; but on enquiry the alarm of Robert Stewart and John nugg, to
W3J3 found to proceed not from any fire
upply whose place and fill up deficien-
but from a report that a number of CÍps were propOBNI (and rule 12 being
persons, said to be associated with Mac- 8uspenùpd) elected John Phillips, pruposed
kenzie (noted character for disaffection bJ" Mr. Woods worth seconded by ,John
and opposition to GoverllIllpnt), were in AdaIll80n.. George SiIllpson, proposed by
the vicinity and approaching the city, )ilr. HalllI
t
n, seconded by :Mr. Woods-
!or the purpose of burning amI pillaging wort
I, WIlham Walker, prOIlO<;ed by Mr.
)t and overturning the Government. !:;ome HamIlton. seconded by Mr, WoodRworth.
of the company believing and SOIlle dis- John Rogers. proposed by 1\11'. Harhron,
believing the rerort, some iIllmediately seconded by ::\11.. AdaIllson. Richard Hflst-
repaired to the City Hall and took up iug,;:. proJ
dspd by Mr. PcterRon, seconded
arms, and SOIlle rl'p:tired to their respcc- bJ'
1I'. "oodl'1\YoJ"th. Alexander SiIllpson,
tive homes. On the return of day, the propo,<;ed
y 111', Woodswo.rth, seconded by
report being fully confirIlled, a number 1'111'. Harn!Iton. John Colhm:, proposed by
of the nWIllbers volunteered into various Mr. HaIllIlton, seconded by Mr, Paterson.
militia for active duty, but the day James Bell, projJo",ed by Mr, Wilson,
paRsed without anything decisive being secondpd by ::\lr. Paterson. Mr. Alex-
àone, the rebels threatening to attack ander
iml}.qon beinp: rather old requeRt-
tbe city, and the citizens, who wpre loyal, ed leave to resign and substitute in hi!!!
preparing for their receiving a warm place his son Robert Simpson. His re-
welcome. This day Dr. Holmes' house qupst was acceded to IllOSt cheerfully by
was burnt by the rebels, and one of their th(' company. The company continued
men Hhot by a. reconnoitering party f30me time on the square e
ercisillg when
under W, B. Jarvis. the report was b!'Olight that the rebels
The entry of Wednesday, Decembpr 6, to the numùer of 700 or SOO were e11ter-
183'7, says: " This day Dr. Morrison was ing the city b;y the Don bridge, and our
arrested, and the volunteers froIll the cOIllpany ordered to be in readiness to
Gore and Niagara districts hegan to iUTive." pive them a 'warIll recpption. Immediate-
. Thursday, December 7, 1837. This morn- I ly aft
r the )!ayOl'. ordered the company
JUg the secretary addressed circulaz's to out wIth the maclnne, as the rebels had
every IlleIllber of the COIllpany to meet commenced firing the city in the neigh-
at the engine hou8e at ten o'clock fl.ll. bourhood of the Don bridge. With great
All not on active duty repaired to the Bpirit the nlC'lllbprs of the company start-
spot, when it W8ß moved by Alexander ed for the f3ceu
of action, most
and resolved that the time is <'orne when of thpm with mu!-;kets in thcir
Hamilton, eeconded by Joseph Wilson hands and the drag rope in the other,
we feel it to be our duty to take arm
but ere their arrival at the building on
as .an independent volunteer company, to fire.
he enemy had disnppcared, .not even
resIst the attempt of traitors and rebels waItmg to Bee us, much less to fIght, the
to invade our rights and disturb our! heavy rumbling' of the engine and cis-
peace, and that a deputation do immedi- : tern having frightened them into the be-
ately wait upon hL"! Honour the Mayor lief tha t the cannon was on the track.
to. offer our services in any wa.y he may On our arrival at the briòg'p our gallant
tbmk proper, anà receive his ordeN!. It captain ordered the engine into opera-
W3.8 moved by Richard Woodsworth. tion, but upon reconnoitpring it WfiS
.8('conùed by .J oseph Wilson, and rcsolved found the building." were beyond salva-
that the captain. secretary anù trerumrer tion, with the execpt10n of the toll hou!o;('.

LA
D)IARKS OF TOROXTO.

569

The brid
e we Sll ved by pulling up Rome I high treason; but upon his producing a
of the planks and pouring water from certificate from R. S. Jamieson, Vice-
buckets upon the burning timbprs. After Chancellor of thp province, and one of the
the fire was extinguishpd the company commissioners apJ.:ointed to enquire into
again made its way to the station into the chargl's of treason of his discharge,
thl'
Iarket Square about 9 in the even- he was allowed to remain a member.

ing. The committee of the news 1'oom I the company. The company still con-
granted to us the use of it for a guard I tinucd to act as night watch and patrol
room for the night, where we took up ill conjunction with a numbt'r of rpspect-
our station, the engine being in the wBti- I able citizPllB under Clark Gamble, Esq.,
bule of the market under sentry of our I the company taking the duty of two
0\\ n. An alarm wa
given ill the evening, 1 nights out of five.
which W88 attended to b) the company I At a special mpetin
on January 5th.
in their usnal spirited style, but found Mr. D. Paterson statt'd that a number of
to be only a chimney. At midnight the I thosI' whose duty it was to be on duty

Iflyor came in and in(ormpd us that he I the preceding evening were delinquent, It
had just rpceived intelligenc
that about I was mov('d by Tholllcls )lills. seconded by
sixh -one of thc rebels were but a short I Thomas Storm. and resolved that anv
distànce below thp Don bridge and that. member of th(' company bein
absent on
he wanted volunteers to go with him amI any night (or which by the g.,'llpral con-
attack and l3ecuro them. Immediately sent of the company it is his duty to be
Tbomas Storm, John Hogers, 'Yilliam on patrol e
ceJJt in CR!'I' of p
'r!'onal sick-
Duncan, John Phillips, John Collins and 1 1l
I3Q, or sickness in the family requirin

Alexander Hamilton volunteered to fol- hIS attendancl:', or procuring a substl-
low wherever hl' would lead. To those he I t!--'te lJdonging to the company. shall be
added fourteen more with himself and the fmed five shillings. The foregoing resolu-
high bailiff on horseback, and with these tion effecting what was lh'sired, a pune-
he proceeded down the Kiu6ston Road, tual attendancp of the members. the com-
to the 10\\e1' toll gate, or the fourth mile pan;\" continued to discharp:e the duties
tree, when seeing or hpuring noboùy thp as city watch and patrol as bpfore. until
}Iayor ordered us to return, thanking UA tb
formation of a new company of one
most handsom
ly for the firmness and hundred and twentv men under the corn-
re
olution in following him so far from mand of the },fa:yor' of the city guard, amI
the city a t midnight. About thrpe o'clock I Alpxa ndl!r )Iurray, Esq., about the end
we arrived at thp guard room again and of the month.
were welcomed by our comrades. After I On Fl'bruarv l!'<t thpre was no alarm 01
duyligbt, till' rebels being ùispersed and firp. At the regular mpeting of the com-
routed in all directions, the company I pany at the engine house the following
took the machim' again to the engine
Ionday, it was moved by Mr, Joseph Wil-
house, bnt llS a prec:lutionary me a- son, secondl>d by )Ir. John ..\damson, that
sure, well aware that many incendiary I the company consider that the alarm on
traitors were still in the citv, though as the 1st Februarv was insufficient. and
yet unknown, it was una nimo'usly rel50l ved I ' that the fine be dispensed with. This was ,
that the members of this fire company lost and it was moved and seconùed by
cOllßider it expedient, nnùer existing cir- the same persons that Mr.
. E. Taylor.
cUlllstances, to hold themsplves in active David Paterson. R. Woodsworth and A,
duty a.s volunteers or lirenwn night or da:,-. I Hamilton be a committee to revise the
On the 8th it was moved by Joseph i rules and regnlations of this company and
Db..on, secondeù by Mr.
Iiller, and re- \ report next monthly meeting.
80Ived that RobC'1't Stewart and John I On Sunday, 25th February, about one
Bugg be expelled from the company for of the clock, while divine service waS
refusing to take arm.;; as military vol un- being performed, an alarm took placp.
teers in times of imminent danger. Dur- On repairing to the spot, fir'e wag founll to
ing this, M well as the following night. \ be in the hall of tllp Parliament build-
the company kl'pt up a guard of from I ings, and had it not b'
en timl'ly ob-
twelve to twenty men, a party of which served, would ha VI' done immenæ injury.
were con...<;tantly patrolling the streets to I It was got out without much damage,
pl'event fires anù arrest suspicions per- \ but remains another instance of the neccs-
f'ons. On Saturday, 9th December, 1837, sity of the care in
tting and manage-
the company WR
still on the alert, and I ment of stoves. On the
unday, at haIf-
the patrol still kept up, as also en Sun- past eleven p.m" there Was another alarm
day, the 10th. ' from a Bmall house in the rea" of Mr.
On Monday, January 1. 1838, the r('
U- John Bell's, on Richmond stred. T
p-
Jar monthly mef'ting tOJk place at the water lJeing very diHicult to get, the
engine hou
e. It \Vas enquired into the building was burned to the ground. For-
cause of H
IlI'y Cowan's being confined tunatdy there was no wind, and tile in-
in jail, amI founù to be on a charge of jury was t>1:ayed with the destruction of

570

LA:ND
IARKS OF TORONTO

the OTIe. It is rt'marked that only three I This was carried unanimously, It was
pnnche<mB arrived altogether. On the moved by George Bilton. seconded by
f-onowing day. at 3 p.m. there was all- Alexander Hamilton, that Joseph Wilson
other fire; the malt kiln of Scott & I be first lieutenant from this night until
Lynch. in DucheB8 street. took fire and the first Monday in 1839. This was car.
was destroyed. but by the timely aid of ried. It WSl;! moved by Thomas Storm,
tàe engine and a good supply of water seconded by Joseph Dixon. that Alex-
the eonnecting building waf! Mloved. ander Rennie be second lieutenant of the
On Monday. 5th )1arch. 1838. the com- company until the first Monday in 183Ð.
pany met and collected 618. and 3d, in This was carried. It was moved by
fines. Mention was made to thp company Thomas Storm, f5econded by Thomas J.
of the circumstances of the old company's Preston, that J08eph Dixon be treasurer
disi'olution, and the new organization of of the company until the first Monday
the fire department. which had their cor- in 1839. Carried, Moved by Thomas
dial approbation. Xew members elected Storm, seconded by George Bilton. that
iu were: Thomas J. Preston. proposed by Alerlllrlpr Hamilton be secretary of the
S. E. Taylor. seconded by H. Stewart; compan.\" until the first Monday in !IIay,
William Hamilton. proposed by A. Ham- I 1839. Carried. Moved by 1\lr. Hamilton,
ilton. seconded by S, E. Taylor: Joseph I I seconded by Mr. Dixon. that Ed. RobBon
Hodgson. propo.wd by Mr. Paterson. and John Adamson be braBchmen. Car-

conded by Robert SimpBon; William I ried. )Ioved by Mr. Hamilton, seconded
Donaldson. propOßed by Mr. Harbron. I by Mr. Saunders, that William Duncan,
seconded by Mr, Woodsworth. It was I James Bell and William Hamilton be sec-
moved by Samuel E. Taylor. seconded by I tion hosempn. Carried. Moved by 1\1r.
Yr. Woodsworth. and resolved. that the Hamilton, seconded by Joseph Dixon, that
eighth section of rules of the company' , a committee be appointpd to examine the
be amended by adding that no fine shall treasurer's account and report at the
be exacted from members who shall not: nH'xt monthly meeting, and that Mel3Brs.
hear any alarm of fire occurring betwN'n Joseph Willson, Thoma.s J, Preston,
the hours of 6 o'clock in the morning aud Henry Stewart, George Harbron, Thomas
10 o'clock in the evening. It was sug-- Storm do compose snid committee. Car-
gested that there was necessity of the , ried. Moved by Thomas Storm. seconded
members of the company b!'ing acquainted! by Ed. Robson. that the captain, lipu-
with. the ma
ual and pl
toon military I tenants,
ecretary and. treasurer do form
exercIse. and It was enqUIred who were a commIttee to examme and report on
willing to attend two evenings in the the by-laws of the company on the next
week to be drilled. when the following I monthly meeting night. Carried. The nt-
gave in their names: David Paterson. most harmony prevailed at the meeting.
Alexander Hamilton. Richard .'woodS- I ' On Monday. nh
lay, 1838, the com-
worth. George Harbron. George SImpson. pany met, and after having ordered
John Adamson. Thomas Saunders. Joseph i two carters to bring up water from the
Willson, John PhilliPB. Thomas Smith. " bay, raIl through the hose, found them in
Samuel E. Taylor. Thomas Storm. Henr
r good ordpr, took off the horse and ran

tpwnrt. John Campbell. John Rogers. I the machine up to thp Corner of Kin

Ric
ard Hastings. The meeting adJourn
d 1 street up to the Club House, and tr.Vl . .n g
untIl the next )londay. the 12th Illstant. her there found her able to throw watp!
OIl Monday at half-pa..Qt six o'clock the over it. After exercising flome time tl1er6
company lllet at the engine house. The and being satisfied with her operations,
captain then read the eommunication! thev took the machine in. collected /';ome
from the clerk of the Common Coul1cil. in- I finès and adjourned until the fir.:;t Mon-
forming the compan
', through him, of,
ay in June.
t
eir rp-appointmpnt 1ll1rl
r th
amen
ed' On Monday, June 4th, 1838, the com.
fIre la'Y as one of t
e Clt.. fIre engll:e pany met at half past six o'clock; called
c,?mp:lDleB. and that. III Consequence thIS the roll, took ont the machine to King
mght th: cO
Ipany 18 <:allpd .upon to street, where haYing some hogsheads of
elect ne" offl
er
for t
e ell!:mlllg
'('
r, water ready, the force was tried over the

Ir. Paterson III .the chaIr .and
.lr. \\ 11- Commercial Bank. This building wal!
son secret
ry, \\ hereupoll It was
Ioved afterwards the Globe office, and the site
by
lr. BIlton. sccoudt:'d by }Ir. Storm.. 1 ' 9 - ) 1 . d b th B k
that rule the 12th be sru.pended for the IS now ( 8 oJ part y OCCUPIe Y e an
evening and the officers bl' elected by a of C?mmerce. It was fon
d that the
show of hands. This was Ca rried. It was machme worked well, thrc:wmg fully 20
moved b, Alexander Hamilton I';ecomlpd feet over the tops ef the chImneys of that
by J0/5eph Dixon, that David P
tersOll be high building. After tl.ying he! satisfac.
captain of this company from this ni
ht torily, they returned to the engllle house,
until the first
londay in }[ay one thou- collected:!O shillings of fines, after which
sand and one hundred and thirty-niuc. the followinc resolution wa.s moved by Alex.

LAXD
lARKS OF TOROXTO.

571

ander Hamilton, seconded by Joseph I The 3:nswer to th(' for('going letter to
Dixon, and unanimously ad
p

d :-That the Adjutant-General wa
: ..
in consequence of the reqUlslÌlOn now Adjntant-Generals Oftlce,
being made for city guards to be in readi- I Toronto, 6th June, 1838.
ness, to act in case of any sudden emer- Sir,-With reference to yonr letter of
gency, this company f
lt it
duty. in- yesterday, I beg to
cquaint you that
cumbent on them to offer theIr serVices his Excellency the LlCutenant-Governor
to the Adjutant-Genpral, exprCllsing their fully appreciates the loyalty and zeal
wiIlingnp8s as a body to defend the lives which have prompted the British-Ameri-
and properties of their fellow-citizens to can Engine Fire Company to come for-
the utmost of their power, and that a ward for the maintenanee of our country
deputation of this company be made to and its institutions; but at the same
carry the above into effect. After the time, under the present aspect of cir-
passing of the abo\.e it was noticed that cumBtances, his Excellency does not dßCD.
it was in contemphltion to have a jubi.lee ' I it neceSBary to call for their active exer-
procession on the 26th of the month, bemg tions j these his E
cpllellcy has no doubt
the Queen's coronation day, but as noth- shall }lOt fail, f\hmlld the exigcncy for
ing special had been done about it, it I them arise, in which case he will have
would be again lai
before_ t
e company I no hesitation in having recourse
o their
on Thur13day evelllng at ï 0 clock, to offer. I have the honour to be, SIr,
which time the company adjourned. The I Your most obedient &'rvant,
deputation appointed to communicate the .it1CHARD BrLLOCK,
re.<:olution of the company was D. Pater- Adjutant-General
Iilitia.
Fon, JC8pph Wilson and Alexander Hamil- ] On Thursday, June 'ïth, 1838, the com-
ton, being informed that the most efiect- pany met according to adjournment at 7
ual w
.v to ?btaiu an immediate attentio:l'l. l o'clock, to receive thl' r!'port of the co
-
to thplr busmess was to address a letter rnittee appointed to Walt upon the AdJu-
to the Adjutant-General j did so by A. tant-General, when the communication
Hamilton, secretary of the company, and preceding wall read and approved, after
of which the followiug is a cop
' :- I which a cOllversation took place upon the
Toronto, 5th June, 1838, pxpediency of instituting in the company
From the call made upon our fellow- I a bene\ olent society. In order to do
citizens of the militia to volunteer, the somethiug of the kind, it was moved by
British American Fire Insurance Com- Mr. Bilton, seconded by James Bell, and
pany have felt it to be their duty to pMS resolved, that the officers of the com-
the following resolution :-That in conse- pany be a committee to draft some rules
quence of the requiBition uow being made for the government of the company as a
for city guard
, to be iu readiuess to act benevolent society, and report next rneet-
in any case of sudden pmergency, this ing night. It was moved by Mr, Boulton,
company fpel it a duty iucumbeut upon secouded by Mr.
1ill('r, and resolved. that
them to offer their services to the Ad- I the officers be a committee to prepare
jutant-General, exprp8sing their willing- for a procesqion upon the coronation day.
neBS as a body' to defend the Ii yeS and I Accordiugly the officers met those of the
property of their fellow-citizens to the ut- hook and ladder and Toronto fire engiue
mOBt of theÍ1' power, I would here inform companies at the house of
lr. Baker,
you that thi-J compauy did unanimously I known as the "Black Swan," where it
on thf' rebellion breaking out take up was agreed, it being so decided that the
arms, nnd for a considerable length of British-American J<Ïre Lngine Compf1.ny
time act as a patrol, hut as things began should take the firl';t place in the proces-
to w ar a more peaceablp aspect many sion, the hook and ladder the second, and
of tl..em. at the order of the :\Iayor re- the Toronto company the last place, and
turneù their arms. but aR from preseut to meet at their rt:'spective qua
'tcrs at
report" and appearances the company is the hour of 6 o'clock p.m., on the 28th
led to believe the most important crisis inst.
is yet to arrive, they are desirous to ob- On the 28th the company met at the
tain arms to equip them all and be re- en!!inc house. After a short time the
gularly dl'il
f'd. so when their active ser- hydmulic eugine. owned by W,1tkin'i and
vice by the Goverumpnt may be demaud- Harris, hardware merchant:-;, King
ed they may be more efiective. The com- street, east of St. .James' Cathed:'al,
pany i

omposed of true and loyal men drawn by a hor
and havin
a

nd is forty strong. The company ad- handsome flag on it, came up, when the
Jourlleù until Thursday c\ ening next, at compan.\, precC'ded by t:Je Msiötant
Il-
?r before which time your answer to this gincer No.1. Hichartl Woodsworth, w
th
IS rel!Jpectfully requested. the engine, drawn by four hOrl4eR, wIth
ALEX.\
DER H.HIILTOX, Sec. banner and flag;s of a SJllplHlhl dpscriptiüD,
B. A. F. Compauy. proceedpd to the City H[\ll, ill front of
To R. Bullocl;-, Esq" Adjutant-General. which they were juined by the firc com-

5'12

LAND,\IARKS OF TORONTO.

panks mentioned bpfOl'e, MId, after being ham and his attpm1ants, as waR after-
arranged by the chief engineer, accom- wBrds exprt'Bsed b
" him. On the follow-
pauied by the united b,lllÙS of the Queen's ing day, hu.<;iness at 'ÌDlportan
calIin!;
Fore
ters and Rangel'/';, proceedpd ùown the Earl below, his stay was necessarily
King street to Eerkeley street, up Eerk- limited. The same arrangl'ments being-
('Icy street to Duke street, up Duke street made by the companies, corporation and
to New street, up Kew street to King societies as the day bpfore, at 3 o'clock
street, up King street to Government they proceeded to anù lined )11', Brown's
House, through thl' Court yard and up new wharf, east of the foot of Scott
Graves street to Lot street. down Lot str('et, and there awaited the arrival
strel't to Yougp st:'eet, down Yonge street and departure of Earl Du.rham and
to Front street, llOWil Front street to f:uite. At five thpy apppared in thpi1' car-
Church street, up Church strept to King rillges and approachN} the boat by the
stred, down King street to City Hall, wharf, wilen a mQ<;t violent thunùer-
'\', heI:e, leaving the lllac
lines in front, the:,r storlll suddenly coming on, drench
'd such
repan:ed to the. Council room where a as could not get 8ùelter and prevented
collatIon was bemg prepared for them by the Earl from addresl-ling th(' sppctator1'1,
the ste
'mrds, of WhIC
they pa
took and l Ias it was Rupposed he wi8hpd, However,
then wlthù.rew to t
eIr res
ecÍ1ve quar- after the I8hower was passed the boat
terl';, the dl:3pla

elllg conslde.r
d one of pUJ';hed off, the Earl shO\wd himself bow-
th
ID08t gratIf
lllg the citIzens of ing to the numerous I'<pectator!i, who kept
thIS place ever wltnesAed. cheerin;!: him till at a great di!;tance out
On the 18th Jul.\', 1838, the
layor bav- in the bay.
ing wdtteù a note to the chief engineer 0 I d 4 h ' I I H ' 2 th '
to requpsl thp fire companies to assist n 1\ on ny, t .\Pl'l, L..... . e co
-
to r0ceive the Earl of Durham. the chief puny met at the u.s
al hour, T\ hen, III
addI"E'sspd a copy of it to the, arious cOIIseq,uellce of
he desIre. of the co
pany
companies, on which the captains im- to, be III po!Ssess.lO
of fi l
on of th
lr O\;

mediatel,r ga ve notic
to the members to wIthout t
e ÙIf.fIC
lIty of procurlllg 0 Iv
attend at the engine house at 2 o'clock, !or procesmons. sll
Ilar to the lus
, bJ", be-
from which they took their way to the j lllg ulldpl: oblIgatIOns of borrowlll/? from
City Hall whe{:e. bl'inO" congi'egated to- Mr. ParkI
s or any oth
r person, It was
gethl'r and. bl'ing ioineJ by the members moved b:. .Mr. George BIlton, seconded by
of f':t, Patrick,
t. 'Andrew 'and
t, G('orgp
lr. Thomas ::;torm, and resolved that :\
r.
Socil'tÏ!'s, and preceùed by a band of mu,-,ic
aterson do purchase a carved and gIlt
and the members of the City Council. I hon. for the Ilðe of the company on pro-
they proceeùed to the Government wharf, ce
lOn days.
and, sl'paratin
anù lining the wharf on On July 10, )louday eveniug at 7
both sides, awaited hit,; lanùing from thc o'clock, the company met to receive the
steamer Cobourg-, theu in sight. About report of the cOUlmittep appointl'd to en-
4 o'clock hi
}:"<:I'I1pn
v landed, flCl'Om- quire into the expellses of procuring a
panied by Lady Durh
m, a numerous lion as a badgl' of distinction for tile
suitt', Sir John Colborne, and an e.À- company. A spl'cimell from a wooù en-
cellent band, whl'n
ir George Arthur graver was presented, but it was in so
and all the h
ad
of devartlll('nts, in ad- unfinished a state fiS to be unfit to de-
dition to the companies mentioned, re- cide upon; it wa" thl'l'l'forp left with' the
ceived him. and
ir George, taking the committee, to whom was added the secre-
Earl, and Sir J. Colbol'lle taking Lady taQ', and if, when finit,;hE'd, it plE'ul'1pd
DUl'hllm, they walked up the wharf, the them, thl'Y were given power to complete
companies C'108ing behind them in pro- the badges for the wbole company. The
ce.ssion until thl'.\'" callle to the carriage subject or haud grips for the hose and
in waiting, which, entpring, the
' pro- hooks for faBtening them on ladderl' and
cpeùpd to the Parliament buildingR, the roofs wl're also 8poken of, and those pre-
RtOHC steps being cal'pE'ted and having sent ugi'eed to sustain the captain in
the crimson cbair of state waiting his l'e- carr:ying the meal'1urc out and in defray-
cl'ption. After arriving, the )!a;vor rpad ing expeIlSl's, 01' have thc expenses de-
and Jll'esented his addl'l'SS from the citizens fra
red out of the funds of the company
a lid Earl Durham read aull prl'sl'utpd an I in cflse the corporation reufsl.d the nl'ces-
an>>\\ er, which was enthulOiasticall.r re- j sar.r Hill from the funùs of thl' city. It
ceivpd, afÌl'r which he d(,\in'red an ex- was resolved that tht'
ecr('tary be di-
tempOranl'OU8 address as'-'uring the citi- rected to 8lldress a letter to th(' Chief
zen" amI Bl'ectators of hiH disposition to I I Enginepr callillg hiR attpnÜüll to the
8erve tlll'm. Thp numbpr ,"upposed to be absolute necessity of increasillg the num-
present Wlll'1 aI'ont 10,000 persons, men, bel' of hydrant.'! in ordl'r to aIrol'd an ade-
women find chilJren. thp lUO<;t numerous qua te tiul'pl.r for the fire dep.lrtment, aB
and splendhl di
;play "wr made in the wpll us ha villg a proper hpad of wah'r
city, one that
nITJl'i,-,,'(1 th,' Earl of Dur- in the reservoir to render thOtk' already

LA
DMARKS OF TORONTO.

õ;3

effected efficient, their inefficiency being At the monthly rneeti
. l\Iay 1st. 1848.
ElO apparent WI to create general dis- the company met as usual. Mr. Paterson
satisfaction. in the chair. After collecting a few fines
Scarcity of water being a matt<.>r of !\II'. PaterBOn left the chair. and Mr. D.
such frequent occurrence, the company Maitland was appointpcI chairman for the
adopted and published the following l'e- evening, The company then proceeded to
solution: elect officers for the ensuing year. Those
The Water Company-Complaint of a declared elected were as follows: For
Want of Sufficient Supply by the Fire captain, Sproatt 10, MOITi
9; for first
Brigade. lieutenant. Morrie. unanimous: for second
At a meeting or the British American lieutenant. Robeon 10. Alderdice 8; for
Fire Engine Company, held in their hall s
cretary. Pell unanimous; for treasurer.
Monday evening, the 5th inst" the sub- Walker un ani moU4!l.
ject of the frequent deficiency of water At the monthly meeting, Augustl7, 184:8,
at fires, particularly at the fire on John the company met as usual, the captain
street on the morning of the 5th inst., in the chair. The committee for auditin.g-
being brOYght under cOllBideration, it W31I the reports reporteù to have fou.nd them
unanimously resolved: That the company correct and I!!atisfactory, the company
cannot too ßtrongly urge upon the city having a balance in the tre8ßurer's handa
corporation and the various illBuranco of 5:.7 7s. 6d. By order of the committetl
companies the nece88ity foc some imme- the following account
were handed over
diate and energetic steps being taken to I to the t!easurer, and ordered to be paid:
supply the engines with water at fires, TI()ói1S MItchell's account for coat, W.
The BO-called water-works, for which the I Landon's ac
ount for ale, Mr. Doers ac-
citizelli! arC taxed so heavily, are, in gen- count for all', The. cap
ain reported to
eral, of little service in caße of fire and I the company the mteUlgence that the
might with advantage to the safety of I ladies of Toronto intended to prfsent to
the inhabitants be at once I!Ihut up. That I
hem
banner 011 Thursday, the 10th
thil!l Wru!! particularly manif
8t at the fire IIDBt., III the grounds ?f the old Govern-
on John street, on the morlllng of yt'ster- I ' ment
ow
e, at. two 0 clock
.m" and at
day, the 6th inst., when for upward"! of a Bpeclal meetmg of the offIcers of the
half an hour after the engine of the com- I brigade the several companies were roe-
pany had beeu on the ground, and in
ue8ted to me
t in gala procession
connection with one of the hydrants, III order to receiVe the banner with due
water sufficient to work even for a few respect. and that the men in connpc-
minutes could not be obtained, and for I tion with the Hamilton Fire Brigade and
want of which a very large amount of corpOl:a tion partake of rt'frN3hment in
property W8.8 del!!troyed, or rather sac- the evening, to be paid for by each mem-
rificed, by trUllting for a supply of watl'r bel' of the different companies contribut-
to the water-works. That if Borne suf- ing the <3llp.1 of one shilling and three
ficient means to compel the water com- pence. It was resolved to meet at the hall
pany to fulfil their obligations to the on Thursday at 1 o'clo('k in full re;ralia to
citizens be not adopted, or some other take part in thl' proce
sion. Accordingly
mean..'! be not devif!ed to p
vide an ample on Thursday, August 1. 1848. at the hour
e\lpply of water for the engines at fires, I of 1 o'clock p. m., the company met in
'the membel'\'J of the fire company cannot full regalia and proceedel1 to the govern-
be expected to remain associated in a ment grounds in connection with the
ßervice. which, th\IB rendered inefficient, other companies to receive the I3plendid
muet become dishonourable. It was also banner presented by the ladies of Toronto
resolved that a copy of the foregoing to the fire ),rigade, after which the pro-
resolutions be forwarded to the city cor- cession proceeded down King street and
})Oration. to the offi
s of the different up Front street to Church street to the
insurance companies and 'the various Church street fire hall. At 5 o'clock p.m.
newepaper8. they went in procel3Sion to Mr. Beard's
(Signed) DAVID PATERSON, Captain. new building on Church I'treet, on the
JAMES PRICE, Secretary. norlh-
ast corner of Colborne and Church
April 5th, 1847. sh-epÌ8, dterwards Beard's hotel, to par-
At a special meeting. October 13th, take of refreshments. On the whole the

847. Mr. MorriB having taken the chair. proceßSion was decidedly the best of the
It Was resolved that the company turn kind which Toronto has ever seen, not-
()11
to receive. the Governor-General on ,,!ithstanding the day was most oppres-
Fnday. Aceordmgly the company ßB8em- Ellvely hot and disagreeable.
b
ed at 3 o'clock. to join in the procee- The preceding to a certain extent
11011 to meet; the Governor-General. and, anticipates history, but is given a.s the
after el!!corting hiB Excellency to the complete records of Ko. 3 Engine Com-
Mayor's residence, returned to the engine pallY from its minute book.
bouse aud held a. Bpectal meeting. To return to the hißtory proper

574

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

oi the Fire Department we find that I On 17th June, 1834" the following were
on April 12, 1834, in Conncil, Ald. appointed fire inspectors for the sevel'al
Lesslie moved, seconded by Ald. Harper, I wards of the city: John DeBnis Johnson,
"That until the fire department is placed I for St, George'!!!, St. Andrew's and St.
under the regulation of the Council, the I Patrick's; Exaveral'! Clinkuubroomer, for
Mayor be authorired to direct the iaeue I I St. Lawrence and St. David's.
of tickets to carters furnishing water at I Less than a mouth later the chairman
fires (aB has been cnstomary) under the of fire, water, etc" in his report, said:
direction of the captain of the late York That, as the citizens have come forward
Fire Company." Carried. and suòscribed liberally for the purchase
The above resolntion is the first official of a fire alarm bell, anù, as it is also
record relating to the fire department of absolutely neceesary that Bome plan
Toronto in the minutCi! of the municipal should be adopt('d for conveying the alarm
corporation of the City of Toronto. ill case of fire to the resvective firemen.
Two days later the first Fire and Water who are ecattered over the city, and, as
CQmmittee of the city wat!! appointed, and the safety of the city and the pre8el'va-
consisted of Ald. Carfrae and Le8slie and tion of property depends greatly llvon
CQuncilman DOC'l. promptitude of the firemen in attending
The first repo:'t of the Committee on at the place of conflagration, the com-
Fire. Water, etc,. was brought up on the mittee, therefore recommend to the Coun-
23rd April. 1834, and is as follows: cil the pl"Opl'Íety of sf>conding so laudable
"Your committee, in the discharge of an object by granting the 8urn of seventy-
the duty entrusted to them. beg to offer five pounde to carry the plan into exeCu-
a few general tJUgge
tions. which they tion.
deem of importance, previou/S to submit- The report waø received, and adopted,
ting for your approval a bill for the and the amount voted. WilIiam My-sISon,
prevention of the calamitif's to which the Robert Emery, Malcolm McLennan, John
inhabitants of the city are exposed in Armstrong, and David Peterson were ap-
caees of fire. In the present state of the pointed commissioners to expend the
city in regard to itB wealtb and means same.
of improvement. the ca use from which The ordinary expenses of the fire com-
the greatest daug'er of fire arises cannot pany in the fir!!!t year of Toronto'!!! hi
-
be altogether obviated. Buildings of tory as a city amounted to !:17, 351!1
wood must necessarily be allowed to be 51-2d, including payment of offÏcerl!l, men,
erected in the city for many J'ears, until extra carters, etc.
by the improvement of the :\lechanic Act4! The applianceø at the time consil!lted of
buildings of a more substantial charac- two hand ellgineð, hose reels, and one
tel' may be constructed at less expense hook and ladder truck.
than they can now be. or until by the The second hook and ladder company
increase of tbe wealth and the improved
;a8 organized in 1835, when a S1:lm of 1:55
facilities of its communication, stone for was voted in Council to the members for
buildings sball be brought in in such the purpose or securing uniforms.
abuudance as to do away Witll the in- In 183'ï a conBiderable amount of re-
ducements which now lead to the erec- pairing W8ÆI done to the fire engines and
tion of wooden hou
s, .. .. .. The value other apparatus by the ordere of the cap-
of ground on each side of King street J tains, and the bills sent in to the Com-
having of late years been greatly enhan- mittee on Finance and ÅtJrel!lsment, who
ced, as affording the best stande for Mut them iu to the Council, recommend-
places of business, your committee are illg them to be paid, and at the ssme
led to believe that the proprietors of lots time protCf;ting agaiuI!t the expenditure
could without difficulty or diminution of of so much mouey without special per-
their rents leMe thel
to persons who I mission from the Committee on Fire,
wo\}
d. <>rect brick buildings thereon, were I Water, etc. The Council upheld the com-
tèiere to be a city ordinance against the mittee in their Fe port. The sums which
erection of those of wood. Should it be had been Bpent amounted to 1:32 1&. 10d.
collBidered inexpedient, howevcr, to at- In March, 1838, the varioUB fire com-
tempt to enforce a regulation of this panies were entirely roorga.nired by order
kind, tbe danger arising from wooden or tho Council, and aU men who wiehed
hOUBes, especially wh('n constructed in to become or to continue firemen had to
contiguou8 ranges, may be grently report theITh,>elvcB to the Cterk of the
lessened by the erection or brick party Council before they were cOllBidered eli-
walls of sufficient thickness to prevent gible; also to say to which fire engine or
any part of the wood of one hOUBe from fire company they wished to belong.
being alfected by fire arising in thooe In October, 1838, there was a good
&djoining it. (&1.)" THOK CAnFRAE. deal of e'{citeUlent among the different
"JA)'IE
LE:-;SLIE. fire companies as to whether the office
co JOHN DOEL." of chief engineer of the department waa

I I' I '.

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

576

neCee8ary or not, and petition8 were sent I the City of Toronto, to whom good wages
to Council, two against the appointment I wîlI be given for a year and sure pay-
and one in favour of it. The petitions ment. Apply to J. Webb, Fire In
pector.
were referred to the Committee on Fire: N. B.-J. W. has one young man two
and Water, who thought that not only I years employed, who knows the inhabi-
wa!!! the office of chief en.gineer necessary, : tants and their manners.
but that to make the companies thorough- I The Fire Inspector requests that the
ly efficient it would be well to have an I editors of the papers in this anll the
aSl'listant engineer, and rtìcommending I ' lower provinces will give the above an
Mr. Robert Bcard, eaptain of the hook illBertion.
and ladder company, for the position. In 1840 the hook and ladder company
Thi!!! was adopted by the Council, and I occupied the north side of the Church
ca.rried out. At the same time a new street building, the engine Xo. 2 the
fire complUlJ', wal! organized to take I middle, and engine
o. 1 the s,)uth side,
,
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THOl\IAS D. HARRIS, CHIEF OF BRIGADE 1837-184L

charge of the
o, 2 engine, and the old the three apartrnC'nts being connected by
company disbanded. I doors. The first eugine of the No.2 com-
In August, 1839, on the occa!'ion of a big pany wat! what is call\ù a "goose neck,"
fire, the fire companiee more than usuall
' from the fact that the ho.<;e was attached
distinguished themeelves, and the 32nd to a pipe curved like the neck of a goose,
Regiment turned out and helped to ex- and rising about three feet above the
tinguish the flame8. The Council passed deck of the engine, or machine, as it WM
a resolution of thanks, both to the com- more familiarly known. Each of thes8
panies and the regiment, for their valu- gOO8e necks had a cistern or water tank
able services 011 that occasion, attached to the rear of the engine. The
The following advertisement it! found in suctiou hose was kept at the side of the
the Britif'h Colonit!t of February 6, 183!1: enginc on a w08den rod, and when it WM
Wanted-As sùon as possible, three I wanted for duty it was drawn from the
eober active men to t!weep the flues of TO:!, and one end of the hose was
rewed

676

LAND:\IARKS OF TORONTO.

Í4> the valve of the engine in rear, and
the other f!hoved into the aperture in
the cistern, where a leather apron waf:!
attached and a strap buckled round to
keep the watQ.ì' in. The cistern would
hold foul' or five puncheous of water.
This engine was nameù the Toronto.
In MaJ', 1841. the chief engineer, I
Thomas D. Harris, resigned his position
in the department, and the Couucil passed
the fonowing resolution: "That the I
thanks of this Council are justly due to !
Thomas D. Harris, ES1., late chiC'f en- I
giuper of the Toronto Fire Departnwnt, r
:'01' his valuable services as a mO!'1t im- I
:'Ol'tant o
ficer of thi
Council, anlÌ that'

1Ïs Worship the 1hyor be requcsleJ to !

their apparatus. During the year 1842
the first sign8 of the real organization
of the fire department began to appear.
The next fire company-No, 4-were or-
ganized in 1842. Thoma.<! Mara was their
first captain. Their first engine was a
g()()f;e neck, aud their 8l'cond a piano
machinl', built in Temperance f!treet
by William Marks. She wall larger, yet
in style much the same as engine No.2.
This comp3ny hall its first han in old
St. Patrick's market, the entrance being
at th\.' east side of the building. It was
locatelI here for years, but in tIll' fifties
thl' C'ngill(, Waf! housl'd in a building on
thf> f'outh side of QUf:>en street, about
8event,y-five feet from the coruer of John

---
- -=-- -=:- - --.::;:- =-
-
'-
- -

-:''':

:

'- .'-'-- ,

..

ST. PATRTCK'Z '1.\r..KET--FIRST }'IR!
HALL }'OR NO, 4 CQ;\IPANY. ORGANIZED 1842.

communicate these selltilll<,nts of the
Council upon his retirement from the
office of chief engiueer."
He was succeeded by l\Ir. Robert Beant
In the same mouth tbe resignation of Mr.
R. Woodsworth, a
8istant engineer of the
fire department, wa.s received and ac-
cepted, aud Mr. Joseph Wilsou was np-
}J()inted first a
si8tant engineer, and Mr.
William Atkinson second aflSiRtallt eu-
gineer of the Toronto Fire Department.
In the autumn of 1841 the Bay street
fire hall was built ou the site which it
now occupies. For this purpose the Couu-
cil voted a .HUll of
200. The accommo-
dation up to that time had been very
bad, and the members of the brigade had
petitioned the Council several times to
give them a better place for keeping-

st1'el't. The present hall forms }Iart of this
. building.
I In J nnl', ]845. the Firem<'ll's TIl'lwfit
o-
ciety was orgauizl'd, and the l\I('IIII.JPrs of
! the City Couucil were UE'1!;l'd hy pditiou
from thl' chief engineer of the Fir(' lJe-
pa rtml'nt. to become the }la b'olls of the
8cheme, which tlwy agreed to, at the snme
time thanking the dCllartlllf'ut, through
I the chief clJgiueel', for their l:iudoble Bug-
'gestionR for the improvement of the
Fire D<,partmellt. The sum of 5.:;)0 was
also appropl'Íated out of the funds of the
city as a donation towarù8 the fUnfIs of
the newly-formed society, The main ob-
jects Bought were the providing for fil'e-
meu who might be disabled at fireR, or,
in the event of ùeath, for their widows
aud children.

L\SD
L-\RKS OF TOROXTO.

577

PN'vious to 18-16 various acts had been the aid of any male inhabitant of the city
I)c\"spd relative to the fire regulation of l.JPtween tlu-' ages of sixteen and sixty
tl1(' city. In or about that year the years. who is not fi8RiRting in extinguish-
following fire regulation;; were adopted in ing the fire, to as
ist in carrying his
oue act. This is the act:- orders into effect.
Whereas. is is expedient and will be Sec, IX.-In order that the engineere,
found convenient to amend and reduce officers of companies and members com-
int0 on" act the different enactments for posing the fire departnu-'nt may be more
preventing and extinguishing fires, nnd readily distingui8hcd at fires, they 6haH
for regulating the conduct of the officers be respectively required to wear such
and men belonging to the several fire dres.'3, cap and other int'ignia as the
companies. nnd of other persons who may \ standing Committee on Fire and Watc-r
be prc-:ent at nny fire: be it herefore en- flhall direct,
acted by tIll' !lIayor, aldermen and com-
monaltJ" or the city of Toronto in common I Sec. X,- ,The
Iayor and alderml'n of
Council a!:'sembled. as follo\vs:- I the ci1;.-r, present at allY fire, are hereby
Sec, I.-That fmm and after the passing I authorized to command any male inhabi-
of this act, an act entitled "An act for tant thereat to assist the fire department
the prevention and exting"uishing of in extinguishing the fire, and to remove
fires," be, and the same is hereby re- I and arrange any persolls at or near the
pealed. fire in such malln{'r as may be necessai'y
Sec, H.-That the Fire Department of to allo",ing and aitlin
Hnd assiz;:tillg the
the citv of Toronto shall c,onsist of one fire department the more effectively to
chief c
gineer, etc. discharge the duty, and in order that
Sec. Ill.-That the different engine. the said
layor and aldermen may be
hook and ladder, hose and protection morl' readily recogni.
ed and Imown, they
companies !:'hall cho"sl-' out of their OVrìl shall bear a wand with a gilded flame
number their own officers, etc. at the top, and each and every peNlon
Sec. n-.-That it shall and Ulay be who shall refuse to comply with such
lawful [or the officers of the different orders giyen a8 aforesaid 8\1a11 be liable
companies on the first :Monday in May to be BPnt to th<, common jail of the city,
of each veal' to transmit to the clerk of and further dealt with as the )Iayor and
the c0mmou Council the name of three aldermen may determine.
fit and proper persons for each of the Sec. XL-All the licensed carters of the
oifices of chief and assistant engineers. city libertiee are required to attend all
:':ec. Y.-Thl' chief eugineer, or, in his fires for the purpose of conveying water
a bsence, the senior assistant engineer, to the same: and to secur
the utmost
:shall have the sole and absolute control I promptitude the following premiulllB will
over all the cngines, etc, I be' awarded to fluch licensed carters or
Sec. YI.-It shall be the duty of the I others: To anJ' carter or other person
officers nnd members of the several en- who shall with his horse draw the first
gine, hook and ladder and hORe com- engine or fire rJ pparatus to the fire the
paniE's. whE'ther a fire shall break out in 'sum of ten shillings, and to any carter
the said city, to repair forthwith to the or other person who shall with his horse
re
pective engine houses and thence to I draw any of the sub.--equent engines or
convey such cngines and other apparatus other apparatus to the fire the BUln of
in 8ÆI orderly and expeditious a manner five shillings; to any person for the
at; possible to or near the place where first puncheon of water furniBhed to nnY'
such fire may be, etc. engine the sum of one pound five shillings;
Sec. VII.-The Clerk of the Common for the second the sum of fifteen Rhillings,
Council 'flhall grant to each member of and for every puncheon afterwards re-
each engine company, bOBe company and I quired by tbe chief engineer or officer
hook and ladder company a certificate commanding the fire department the eum
tha t he is enrolled in the same, which of one tlbilling, but no carter shall be
certificate shall entitle such person to entitled to any premium whose puncheon
the exemptions prescribed by the general is not three-fourtbs full when delivered
laws of the province. to the engine, nor øhall any carh-'r leavp
Sec. VIII.-Upon occasions of fireR it the fire, except for the purpOBe of bring-
shall be the duty of the Property Pro- ing water to the engine, until discharged
tection Committee to repair thereto, and by the officer in command of the fire de-
with their best endeavour::> to saye fur- partment.
niture, merchandiee and other property I See, XII.-Tbat no person or persone
from the fire, and to convey the Bame to tJhall hereafter pasø or cause to be passed
pl:;ces of safety; the senior officer of the through any portion of wood or wood and
flald compan
" present shall
ave the sole lime, or through any wooden floor in any
com
and and control of eald company; house or building within the øaid city
and It shall be lawful for him to require or liberties any Btove pipe, or without

ô78

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

leaving Bix inchee clear between the ' I shan place or kl't'p al5hes rpulOVl'd from
pipe and such partition or floor. stoveB or fireplHcl's in any wooden 1"01
Rl'C.
III.-That no occupant or occu- or other wooùpn vessel, or near any
pant.'! of any house or building within wooden partition, in his, her or their
the srlid city or liberties shall permit IlJOuse or houses in the "aid city or liber-
Rny pipe boles not in use in any chimney I tieR, or in any outhonse or Rhed, or "ball
in sucb house or building to remain open place or permit to be placed any hay,
and not closed with a etopper of metal I straw or any other combustible m:Üerial
or other incombustible material. uncovered in his or their court yard, or
Sec. XIV.-That no occupant of any I any lot of g-round within one hundred feet
house shall pass a stove pipe through I of any building,
the top or sidea of any wooden bouse, out- Sec. XX.-That no pprson or persons
house, fence, or any building whatever, shall fire or diflcharge any gun, fowling
owned and occupied by him, her or them piece' or fire arms, or shall set fire to any
in the said city, unless the same shall I I cracker, t3quib, serpent or other fireworks
pflss through a stone or chimney of in any of the streets, lanes or squares of
brick and mortar, the said city.
::;Cc. XV.-That no perRon or pereoll8 Sec. XXI.-It eh811 be the duty of the
shall hereafter place any stove in any I fire inspector to cause to be well and
hou"c or building in till' !;aid city or Il'ffectuall
' swept, from the first day of
libertÍes without leaving nine inches! Kovember to the first day of April, in
clear from any W03ÙWOl.k immpdiately I , each and every year, each and every flue
above such stove, and Beven inches from or chimney in use in the city once in
any woodwork opposite the sides of the each six weeks, and for the remainder of
same, and at least eight inches from the I the
'ear once in every two months, and
floor, and all stove'l shall be furnished he is hereby authorized and pmpowered
with a metal Mh-pan, to be placed under I to dC'malid and receive the following rate
the dOQr of the said stove. and cllarges, viz., the sum of fourpence
Sec. XVI.-That no proprietor or pro- I for each and every
ime he shall cauB
to
PI'Íl'torR of any house or building in which I
e eWel?t any flue III any h,;,use <?r bmld-
there shall be one or more chimneVf; \ Illg whICh does not exceed III heIght one
within the f1aid city or liberties sh
ll fttorey; .the sum of sixpence for each and
neglect or fail to have on his, her or every tlI1
e he shall cause !o .be sw
pt
their houses or buildings, or aforesaid, ! any flue III any
JOuse. or bUildlllg whIch
one or more ladders, or shall neglect to I does not (,'xceed III height two etoreys
have all ladders to chimnev:'! well and above the ground; the sum of Bcvenp"nce

afely fastened thereto with iron hooks, ; half-penny for each and every tiplC he
or sllall neg}("Ct or refuge for eight days shall cn use .to. be s wept any flue 11l. any
after being required by the fire insIJec- hOl
se or bUildmg- of any p:reater height,
tor to furnish or repair the Emme, as ',:hICh charge shall be pmd by the occu-
the case may be. pI
r .of every such house, tenement or
S XVII l ' bUIldmg.
ec. ..- hat no pC'rso
l or perll.ons
ec. XXII.-That 110 occupier or occu-
f.hall Bet fIre to any sha Vll?gS, chips, piers of any house, tenement or building
"traw or any other cumln
tIble nI:1tter shall refuse to let his, her or their chim-
!or th.e purpose of cnosmnIug. the saII?e ney or flues b" ewept in thp manner and
I': an:)' e
reet,. equare ?r
an(' III the saId as often I1B before providpd.
CI
y .01'
Iberhcs, or wIthm. :lny enclosure I Sec. XXIIL--That in nIl c:.\.<;es where
wlthm fIft.y feet of any buIlding, or. shall nny chimney shall catch firp within the

arry or ke:p, or suffpr to be car
lCd or I said city or libertiee, either within the
J
ept, any lIghted candle 0: J
mp III a
y time prescribed by this act the reg-IIlar!y
h.very or. otlI
r stables wlthIll the saId sweeping of the same, or in COllsequpnce
cIty or hberhee unlees
uch lamp or of the same havin
been not reg-uIarly
candle sball be enclosed III a laut
rn or f!wept, the Fire IllSpector shall himself
shade .so fiS to prevent a.ny accIdents be liable to the same penalty as is pre-
from fIre therefrom. ecribed for the breach of any of th!' otber
Sec. XYIIL-That no person eha11 emoke provisions of this act.
or have in his or her p()@session any I Sec. XXIY.-That it shall be thp duty
Hghted cigar in any stable, carpenter or of the Fire Inspector to accompany in

à,binct makers' shop, or other shop or person the chimney sweepers in their
bt:ilding- where straw, ehavillgs or other I rouuùs through the city or liberties, to

T111.nL.<;tible matter may be, or ehall see they discharge their duty ill })roper
(
rry fire through any of the streets, I manner and without unn:>cessary Hnnoy-
IIIquares, lanel'! or court yards in the
aid ance or trouble to the householders, and

ity or liberties, except in some covered it shall bp his duty to give to each housi'-
vt'@8el or fire pan. i he,ld"'l" within the city at least one day's
Sec. XIX.-That no person or perßO:Js liotite of the time when he will attpnd to

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

õi9

I'Iwel'ping the chimneys of such house- I Grassi, captain; station, St. Patrick'!!
holder. Ma rket.
&c. XXV.-That it shall be the duty Hook and Ladder Company No.1, "To-
of the Fire Ill8pector to make a report ronto"
, II. Piper, captain; station, Fire.
to the clerk of the common Council on each man's Hall, Church street.
and {'very Monday of the year, by 10 Hook and Ladder Company No.2, "Her-
o'clock in the forenoon, containing all the, cules": .T. .\rmstrong, captain; station.
infractions of this act, by whom and Fireman's Hall, Hay street.
where committed, and shall prosecute to In December, 18-!6, Chief Engineer
conviction when practicable such of- Beard, of the Fire Department, sent in
fenders. bis resignation, which, after being refer.
Sec. XXVI.-That no person or persons red to a select committee, was accepted.
I!lhaU refuse after any flue or chimney At the next meetill
of the Council the
shall be swept as aforesaid, to pay the first and second engineers sent in their
rate or charge authorized to be demand- resignations. which were al80 accepted.
ed by the Fire Inspector. Mr. .1 ames Armstrong was the next chief
&1'. XXVII.-That no person or per- engineer, but it was not till :March, 1847.
8OIl.8 other than the Fire Inspector or In- that :Mr. A. De Gra....<;si and Mr. Hiram
"pectors appointed by the common ('oun- Piper were appointed as first and spcond
cil shall sweep or cause to be swept for assistant engineers of the department.
him. or gain any chimney or flue in the A by-law was pasRed in Sl'ptember,
eaid city or liberties. 1847, which provided for the issue of de-
Sec. XXVII.-That any person guilty of bentures for. the sum of .E1,000. fo
the
any of the infractiollB of the provisions of use of the FlI'e Department. This 18 the
thiø act after the 10th section thereof, \ first really large appropriation f
r the
on conviction before the :Mayor or any i use of that departJ?1ent that there IS any
one or more of the aldermen shall for- I record of, and, to Judge from the number
feit and pay at the discreti'on of the I of times it had been asked for, it was
Mayor or alderman or aldermen convict- I ve
y bad
y needed. .
ing, a sum of money not exceeding .E5, 1 he officers selected by the CoullI'll
or
nor less than 213 6d and in default of 1 1848 were :-)Ir. Robert Beard, chIef
payment of the fine: together with the enginee
: Mr. Thomas Mill.s, first assist-
costs of prosecution, it shall be law- I ant. engIlleer, .and Mr. Edwlll Butt, second
ful for the Mayor or alderman convicting assistant cngIlleer. . .
to issue his or their warrant to levy the I In M3:Y' 1849,
he chIef englIle
r, and
Bum by distress and sale of the offend- the aSsIstant engl1leers of the bre de-
er's goods and chattels, and in case of no I Jk'lrtmcI.lt, 8.B w
ll as. 80mI' . of t
e fire
sufficient distress being found whereof to compa mcs? sent Ill, their resignatI
ns to
make the amount of fine and costs it I the C<>uncIl, and thIS led to an entIre re-
shall and may be lawful for the M
yor organization of the. b
igade being re-
OI' alderman or aldermen as aforesaid I solved upon and car.rIed lllto effect shortly
to commit the offender
r offenders t
I afterwards.

tax of t
ree}){'nce in the
the common jail of the home district for I pound was levIed to provule funds for the
any period not exceeding 30 days or less I maintenance of a thoroughly efficient
than one day, I and well equiplX'd fire brigade. Late in
Another regulation at this time was the flame year )Ir. Thomas French and
that in case of fire both bells of St. I t.wenty:-thre
other me
berf! of the old
James' cathedral were to be rung, The I f!re brIgade.' )Ir, J()f!. Beard an
twenty-
keys of the church we e k t at W At- I fn:e ot
ers, Mr. Ja
lCs. AshfIeld and
. ,. .. I' ep '. thIrty-fIve others, applied In a body to
klllson s cIty bmldlllgs, and at the PolIce the Co1I cï fo .. t b t
Station W cst 11 k t 1 I n I I' permlS8lOn 0 ecome par
<, ar "e p ace. of the re-orgallized brigade, which W88
In 1846 the Fire Department of To- granted them. The officeNl chosen for the
ronto c
nsisted of the follo
ing off.icers, fire brig3;dß in .1850 were: Mr. Robert
compamea and halls :-Chief engmeer, Beard. chIef engmeer; Mr. Edwin Butt,
R
bert Beard: assistan
engineers, Joseph I first ass . istant engineer, and Mr. William
'W II
on and Thomas )111es. Reynolds, second assiE1tant engineer.
Fire Engine Company No.1, "York," In 18:>0 the fire companies of Toronto
Henry Welsh. captain; station Fireman's I and their officers were:-
Hal.l, Chur
h street. Chief engineer, Robert Beard; first 8l!-

I
e Eng'me Company No, 2, "Rescue," sistant, Edmund Bell; second assista.nt,
WIlham ReJ nolds, captain; station, Fire- I William Reynolds; fire warden James
man's Hall, Church street. I I Armstrong. '
Fi
Engine No.3, "British America," Fire Engine Company No. 1, "York "-
DaVid Paterson, captain; station, Fire- I Captain, S. Garside; first lieutenant, John
man'f! Hall, Bay street. Iredale; secretary, James Davis; treaø-
Fire engine No.4, "Victoria"; A. De urer, James Paterson.

580

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO,

FÌI'e Engine Company No.2, "Toronto" ; jeet more than six incbes from the wall
-Captain, .\. Ardngh: first lieutenant, W. of the building.
Xartill: second IL'utl'nant, -. Carruthers;' Cranes or hoisting jibs to be wholly
l3ecretary, John Roddy; treasurer, James I COIL<Jtructed of iron or other incombustible
Evall8. I material.
Fire Engine Company Xo. 3, "British No covered gal1ery or verandah con-
America"-Captnin, H. Sproatt: first lieu- structed 01' wood or other combu,;tible
tenant, C. Rowell; s'eeond lieutenant, material to be erected in connection with
George Piercy; f'ec"etary, John Doel; buildingd 01' the first or second class, or
trewmrer, Charles Walker. with any other than the ground floor
Fire Engine Cmnpany, No.4. "Vic- thereof, unless a.e a communication from
toria.."-Oaptain, FranciB Frencb; first one to another stock of buildings, with ita
lieutenant, Job Baker; second lieutenant, I ends only abutting on said buildings.
James Beaty; treasurer. G. Simpson. Buildings of the first, second and third
Hook and Ladder Company No.1, "To- cla
, being erected on the l.ïn
of any
ronto."-Captain, Jos. Bird; first lieu- publIc etreet or way, or wIthlll ..even
tenant, Robert Kirk: seconll lieutenant, feet of
ucb, to be p
operly. enclO!'Je
, and
F. Milligan; secretary, John Wallace; a pathwa;r of suffICIent 'Y 1dth !ald for
treasurer, S. McLean, the convemence of the publIc out
nde fluch
Hook and Ladder Company Xo. 2, "Her- enclosure. . ..
cules."-Captain, "'illiam Hill; first lieu- The Common CouncIl to appomt a
Ity
tenant John Jo'lllßon' second lieutenant surveyor (Mr. J. S. Howard WBß the fIrst
Thom
Graham: sec;etary Hugh CI()Se
appointed) to oversee the erection of all
treasurer, W.
wllßborough. '
ui
dings within the abovt'
e
cribed
HOile Company Xo. 1, "Niagara,"-Cap- hmlUl, and to .enforce the prOVl!!llonl!l of
tain, William Stephens; first lieutenant, t
e act regardmg them, a
d to be en-
James Addison; sl:colld lieutenant, Hobert tItled to demand. 8;nd re
elve from the
Lewis; secretary, John Reid; treaßurer, owner of the bmldmg b
llt, alte.red or
w. Morrison. recOMtr,!-cted the fol.lo
lIIg 1008.
or
every flI1:1t-rate bUlldmg, twenty-hve
On the 28th J
nuary, 1850, an a
t WM ehillings; every addition or alteration,
pe,g
ed to provIde for the erectIOn of seven shillingl'l and sixpence; every

rty wal
,. and to þrevent. the eree- second-rate, twenty l'Ihillingø; every alter-
!Ion
f bUl
dl
gs dan
er
m. 1Il r px: omot - ation or addition, six Bhillings and three-
mg !Iree wIthlll certam lImIts. rhus act pence: every third-rate, fifteen shilli
;
proVIded that: every addition 01' alteration, five ehil-
All buildings within tbe limits of George lings; ,every fourth-rate, twelve ehillings
street on the east to the centre of York and sixpence; every alteration or addi-
Btreet on the west: from the centre of tion, five shilliug
; ,
very fifth-ratp. ten
Adelaide street and Duke Btreet on the ßhillings; every alteration or addition,
north to tbe bay 011 the 80uth. are to five sbilling@!.
be divided into five claæe8. All churches, Xo iron foundriel'!, blada
mith ehops or
cbapels, distilleries, brewerie8, foundries, I steam engine
to be set up or worked
furnaceJ!l, etc., of any dime.Ill!iollS, and witbin any of the afor<'Sairl Iimit8, with-
dwelling houses, warehouses, etc" of four out leave of tbe Common Council, by re-
Btoi'eys high above ground, or forty fei't solution thereof.
in height, to bl' deemed of the fiI'f!t clase; Without permission of the Council no
dwelling houses, etc., of three I!Itoreys, person to establish or carryon any manu-
or thirty-five feet in beight, to be of factol'y of varnieh, fireworlæ, or any
the se<'ond class; dwelling houses of two manufactory dangerous or causing or pro-
Btoreys, or twenty-two feet in height, to moting fire.
be of the third class; dwelling houses of Steamers, when at any of the docb
one 8torey, or sixteen feet in heigbt. to or wbarvel!!, in front of the city, to have
be of tbe fourth cl8.88; dwelling houses or a top or BCreen attached to the chim-
offices and stablel'l belonging thereto, and neyl'! to prevent the e8Cape of sparks.
at a distance of six feet from any pub- No person to have or keep ß. larger
lic road, and detached from other build- quantity than twenty-eight pounds of
iugs not in the same posse
sion, at least gunpowder in one place longer than forty-
thirty-five feet, to be deemed a first- ei 6 ht hours, except in a powder mngazine
class building, and can be built 01' any npproved of by the Common Council, said
dimewious or material whatever. twenty-eight pounds to be put in stolle
The external or party walls of the fimt jars or tin canisters of seven pounds each.
four cla'ises of building are to be of cer- The City Surveyor, wben directed by
tain ilegree of thickne88, varying from the Ma:ror or any alderman, is to exam-
eigbtpen to thirty-five inches and up- ine all fire-places, heartbs, oven'!, boilers,
:wards. furl1aces, 8tOVI'S, stovPl'ipes, or other
Shop windo
V8 or fronts not to pro- places where fires arc made or kept or

LAXD1IA RKS OF TORONTO.

581

where ashes lire kept, and report thereon I Noah R. Leona.rd second aBsi'Jtant en-
to the Mayor or presi?ing aldermen, and, gineer of the. brIgade at th
same time.
under their direction If the same be dan- The CouncIl of 1
52 retalllpd Mr. ABb-
gerous, to notify th
owner, occupier or field. as chief of
.he. fir
brig.ade. !,-nd
party under the building where such dan- I appolllted Mr. " IllIam Flemlllg fIrst
ger is apprehended, to discontinue or re- assistant
ngineer,
nd Samuel McLean
move Buch fire or ashes. eecond 8.8SIstant engllleer of the Toronto
Other provisions of this act relate to Fire Brigade.
party walls, the construction of ch.im- Mr. Art
\1r Ardaf,"h was ap,Pointe.d
neys window sills, eave troughs, cormCes second assIstant engmeer of the hre bn-
and
oof8. gade in 1833. The chief engineer was
While the volunteer fire laddieB, with not changed.
their high regard for the responsible sense About 1853 a piano engine was obtained for
of good citizeDBhip in freely gi.ing their No. 2andnamedtheRescue, The"piano"was
time and services for the protection of i so called because it somewhat resembled

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JAMES ASHFIF.LP-APPOI
TED CHIEF FIRE BRIGADE 1851-RESIGYED 1885.

property and life, were drafting regula- the box of a piano, with two bars or
tions for their own governance and for brakes at the sides. The .. fore and aft"
the safety of buildings, the city fatherB machine, of which, at a later period,
were moulding history in many chapters there were specimens in town, differed
of the early featureB of Toronto's fire- frol11 the "piano," in that the brakes
fighting army, were at the end instead of the sides..

n 1851 Mr. James Ashfield was ap- Like No, 2 Company, No.1 at firBt had
pomted chief engineer of the Toronto Fire a .. gOOl'le neck" machine, and later a
Brigade. in place of Mr. Robert Beard. .. piano."
who
d re
igned. Mr. Ashfield joined N()I,. 1 compe.ny was afterwards located
th
bl'lgade III 1839. was appointed cap- in a brick building, on Court street,
ta.in of
company in 1846. and bad erected in 1846, the upper portion of
p
o..ed hlIn
lf to be a very able and I which was de.oted to the Mechanics' In-
efI
clCnt ?fflCer. . Mr. John Carr WaB ap- øtitute with its library, and a hall for
pomted fIrst lL6'>Istant engineer, and Mr. public meetings. The lower portion WWl

532

LAND::\IARKS OF TORONTO.

divided into three halls, one to the west stood ahoulder to shoulder with their cap--
fOl' No, 1 company, the centre hall for tain, and his departure was a signal for
No. 2. and the eastern hall for the hook a break-up. John Pearcey moved the diß-
and ladder company. No. 2 company banding resolution. Peter Campion or
occupied the Court street hall up to about Thomas
-1cIlroy were the Beconder8.
1859-60. The resolution waS to the effect 'That
Of company No.2, Alexander Jacques whereal! the captain WaB going to leave
lIaya: "Somehow this company (No.2) the city, the company Bell out their stock
were unable to find a love-spot in the and quit the service, never to run with
chief engineer'a heart, and whilst other any machine or under another officer.'
companies had .00ÙY to ask and their Harry Smith was general charge
wants were supplied, No. 2 never got d'affairee around the hall, and kept the
even a hearing. In thÌf!l atate of affairs boys in order. There are still
we had a friend, Mr. Frank Heward, alive in the Queen City a few of the old
the manager of the Royal IllBUrance members of No.2: Thomas Farragher,
Company, who ever stood by the ThomM McIlroy, Alexander Pearcey,
boya of No.2. For Borne years the city George McConkey, William Reynolds. John
paid prize money, M also the admission Pearce, JOðeph Worden, Harry Smith.
fee, $5, and the profits of excursions to William Forbes and ThomM McMullen."
Rochester and Buffalo were husbanded. The officers for 1854 were :-Mr. James
In 1859 an order was given to Cowan Ashfield, chief engineer; Mr. Arthur
&. Son, engine builders, of Seneca Falls. Ardngh, fir8t a88istant engineer, and Mr,
N.Y., for a firet-claas fclding break piano I William Charlton, second aß6istant engi-

THE FOLDING-BREAK "PIANO" MACHI5E No.4-IN USE 1845.

machine to throw three streama, a reel neer. These same officers held their re-
and 500 feet of hose. In due time the spective P()@Ì8 in 1855 and 1856.
machine wa.s built, and in her construc- In 1855, on the resignation of the mem-
tion the Cowans had elaborated, as it was bers of the fire brigade, that body was
their first in this market, and they were entirely re-organized, and consisted of
del!!lirous of getting more orders. A house six engine companies, one hook and lad-
wa.e secured on the east side of Yonge, der company, and one hose company, with
directly opposite Elm st. Double doors were offieera as follows:
put in, wal!!lh-rooms, boot-rooms, bunks for No, 1 Engine, Phoenix Company-Mr.
twelve men and a neatly furnished read- John Iredale, captain; Mr. ThOID8.'J Hum-
ing-room were fitted up. Thiel latter wa.s phries, lieutenant; Mr. George Sum-
a. popular resort for many of our friends, mers. secretary

who resided in that then rural part of No. 2 Engine, Re.scue Company-Mr.
Toronto. Here lruch men 8ß "Yorkshire" James Smith, captain; Mr. William
Smith, and men of that ilk, would spend Brotherston, lieutenant; Mr
' Theodore
a eocial hour reading, smoking and enjoy- Lee, secretary.
ing a. game of draughtft, backgammon No.3 Engine, British America Company
a.nd whm. The machine Wail knO'WIl as
Mr, John Segswortb, captain; Mr.
Independent No.2. Finally, ail yean Robert Carmichael, lieutenant; Mr
John
rolled on and the city expanded, it WW!! Foggin, secretary.
f01lDd necessary to go in for powerful No. 4 Engine, Victoria Company-Mr.
water-workl5, and the steamer was in- George Beatty, captain; Mr. Robert
trodnced. The captain, in fact the only I Richmond, lieutenant; Mr. William Dill,
captain the company ever ha.d, having secretary.
met reverees, was about to leave the city. No.5 Engine Company (Deluge)-Mr.
A. meeting was ca.lled. TIre boys ha.d ever Loftus Trueman, captain; Mr. George

1-

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IJER J.\c(
IJF;S, }<'ml
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D CAPTAIN RESCUI'; CO:\IP ASY SO. 2, ] H<)2-;
.
011. 58:! J

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

Patterson, lieutenant; Mr. Thomas
Jewell, asecretary.
No, 6 Engine, Provincial Company-
Mr. W. W. Fox, ca.ptain; Mr. John Car-
keek, lieutenant; Mr
James Richey,
eeeretary..

ca.ptain; :Mr. William Burne, lieutenant;
Mr. C. E. Holliwell, secretary.
The report of the chief engineer of the
fire brigade for 1856 gives a Ii!'!t of the
different fire companies, the number of
men attached to, each, apparatuB, and

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nook and Ladder Company, Union I where stationed aI'I fonows:
f.Jompany-Mr. Richard Ardagh, captain; No.1, Phoenix Company-'Dwe.nty-nine
:Hr. Charles Beatty, lieutenant; Mr. Sam- men, stationed at Court street. .
uel McLean, secretary. \ No.2, Rescue Company - T,wenty-nme
Hose Company-Mr. W. C. :Morrison, men, stationed on Court street.

593

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584

LAND:\lARKS OF TORONTO.

?\o. 3, British Ämerica Company-Thirty I The hoge compa,ny had 45 men, and
men, stationed on Bay street. was etationed on Bay street.
Xo. 4, Victoria Company - Seventeæ The total number of men, without the
men. Btationed at the old St. Patrick's I chief and assistant engineers, was 227.
market. The loss during the year was estimated

o. 5, Deluge Company- -, ,T,wenty.four at t12,376, which was covered by about

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men, stationed on Berkeley street. I t17,675 insurance.
No. 6, Provincial Company-Thirty-fivc The first captain of No. 5 company
men, stationed on Bay street. I was Mr. John Kidd. John and Charlea
The hook and ladder company was com- Small and Samuel Parker were amO'Dg
poaed of 23 men, and was stationed on the first members. Their first hall waA
Court street, I in a lane near the south-wcBt corner of

LAXD
LHU':S OF TORONTO.

5S5

TIcrkelev anll Duke str!'ets. It stands to- hibition in Lonùon, and to have been
<< ay 8.8 'it dil1 forty yeam ago. Their first l5ent directly [rom it. At this time there
engine was a second-hand on!' purchasl
d were two hook and ladder companies in
from one o[ the older companies. After- the department. Mr. Ashfield. who W8.B
wards they procurpd an AillO"keag, wHch, chief of the fire department at that time.
fO!' a hand machine, was a most service- I found that tàere was a good deal of strife
able one. The engine Wful'l some years I between them. and in conøeqnence diB-
later homred in 11 buildirug- OIl the Bouth- I ' banded Hercul('s hook and ladder company
wMt corner of Duke and Berkeley t'ltreetB. No.2. which had rooms at the cOI"ner of
Somewhere about the year 1853 the I Bay and Temperance BtreetB. and placed

:....---::: '

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.:::::::-::-
__.__

J'IRE HALL No.2-cORNER PORTLAND AND RICHMOND STREETS-ERECTED 1870.

Provincial Ineurance Company. which had
its office!! on Toronto IStreet. at the
north-eaet corner of Cou'rt street, bought
from Perry. of Montreal. an engine known
WI the Montreal .. [ore and aft" tub. and
ranking in the firt'lt elMs, and presented
it to the city for the use of the fire de-
parm.ent. The engine WM one exhibited
by the manufacturers at the Great Ex.

the Montreal engineB in their hands.
changin
the organization from a. hook
and ladder company to a fire engiD.e
company. As there were five fire engine
companies in existence previously, thiø
made No.6. but it WM better known as the
"Provincial." becauBe it was a. pet 01
the insurance compa.ny of that na.me.
William Fox was ca.ptain of the company-

586

LANDMARKS (J]' TO'RONTU.

In. the same building with it was located I a hose reel, were temporarily stationed
the Jackwn hose company. This com- in a hall on the west side of Elizabeth
pany was organized by William Henning, st
et, BOuth of Agnes st
et. In the fol-
but somehow the name of Jackson was I lowing year the company disbanded, and
given to it in honour of James Jackson, the hall, along with thp bell tower, were
who at a láter period was captain. The removed to the eMt side of Elizabeth
company in the old days was a very street, but north of A6"nes street, There
useful and highly respectable body. veteran Bob Hill was in char6"e, his

ROBERT HU
TER, CAPTAn. I
DEPEI\DENT FIRE BRIGADE 1857.

The øahry of the chief engineer of the I principal duty being to ring an alarm
fire brigade WM fixed at (230 per an- on the bell in case of fire. The engine
num by the Council of 18:)7. was transferred to Bay street hall.
In the latter part of It;ú7 an independ- In May, 1858, in consequence of the
ent engine compa..ny WM organized on aC- 1 very large number of fires which had oc-
count of the prevalence of incendiary curred, the Mayor called a special meet-
fires, with Robert Hunter aB captain. ing of the Council to con!'!ider the be!'!t
This company, witb old No.4 engine and I means of protecting the property of the

LAND:MARKS OF TORONTO.

JS7

citizeI
s against fire. It was resolved to I should proceed at a faster rate than a
orgamze a volunteer night patrol wa!k while returning from fires with
throughout the city and also to offer a I theIr apparatus. the amount of the
reward of $1,500 f
r the apprehension fine to
e deducted f
'om their pay.
and conviction of any person who should In 18,)9 the CommIttee of FIre, Water
be guilty of setting fire to any premises. an
Gas .appointed :Mr. .J ames Aehfield,
The officers for 1858 were the same as chIef engmeer of the fIre department,
in the previous year. William Charlton, first assistant engineer,
A bad habit among the members of the and James Smith, second assistant en-
fire brigade then (1858) was the running I gineer. In this same year a fire engine

:-
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==--
--

FIRE HALL :NO. 4-COR. BERKELEY AND DUKE STS.-BUILT 1859-REMODELLED 1871.

of engines and reels on the sidewalks
whilst going to and returning from fires.
This resulted early in the year, in the
death of Terence Meehan, fireman, of No.
S Co., by one of the engines running over
bim, and steps were thereupon immedia-
tely taken to put a stop to the practice.
For this purpose a penalty of 1:5 was to
be imposed upon any company which

I was constructed for the use of No.4, Vic-
I toria Company, of the Fire Brigade, the
cost of which was a bout $1,200. The work
was done by :\lr. Wm. Marks, of Toronto.
In consequence of the very great num-
ber of disastrous fires which had taken
place during thie year, and which were
supp08ed to have been of incendiary ori-
gin, the Council issued a proclamation,

,')ss

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

parly in September, offering a reward of
$1,000 for the conviction of the guilty
pa rties.
In 1859 the fire department consil'lted
of eight companies, the !'lame as in 1856,
numbering 263 men, stationed and om-
cered as follows:
Jameß Ashfield, chief engineer, Temper-
ance !'Itreet; William Charlton, firl'lt alI-
flietant engineer, Victoria street; James
Smith, second Msistant engineer, Front
street.

.-...",--.-....
- --

':

Early in 1860 a by-law was passNl
which provided for the organization of
, two hose com pan Ïl's , of 20 men each, in-
stead of having, as formerly, only one
company, consiMting of 40 men. Thiß by-
law was introduced, as the committee
; reports, "for the better management of
the fire brigade, and to repress all much
as pot'Isible the long continued practico
of running the engines, etc., on the l'Iide-
walks when going to firee." The by-law
was carried into effect on October 1.I'It,

BAY STREET HALL-S. E. CORNER BAY AND TE:\IPER\NCE STS. -REBUILT 1871.

The captains were: John Iredale, Xo.
1 engine, Yonge street; Alexander
,Jacques, No. 2 engine. King street;
Frederick Rattray, No. 3 engine, Yonge
street; Edward Street, No. 4 engine,
Queen street; Samuel Parker, Xo. 5 en-
gine, Ontario street; George Fox. No. 6
engine, Queen street; James Bennett,
hook and ladder c()mpany, Colborne street;
James JackPon, Toronto Hose Company,
King street.
In 1
5!) a new fire hall was erected on
the west side of Berkeley street, south of
Duke street.

I 1860, and the new company was Plta-
! tioned at the old fire hall on Court street.
! The captains of No. 1 were:- James
I Walsh, S. Garside, James Iredale and
I William Charlton, after assil'ltant pn-
I gineer. The captains of No. 2 were W.
MURson, Franklin Jacques, Edwin Bell.
William Reynolds, Richard Couch, Thomas
Griffith, James Smith, Edward Lee, Alex-
ander JacqueI'!. Among the men wpre W.
Rrother!'!ton, .John Davips, DUllcnn Forbes,
Peter Campion, John Esmonde, Richard
I rouch, Thomas Griffith., Jame!l Foster,
Wil!iam Jacques, Thomas Farragher,

LAND
L\.RKS OF TOROKTO.

589

Jameß Esmonde, Å. Gemmel, .Joseph Beck, one protective company. It was provided
Richard Medcalfe, Edward King, John that, in lieu of all other allowances, each
Ford, Thomas McIlroy, John R. Esmonde, company whose servicetl were accepted
William Forbe-l!, Thomas McConkey, Bhould be allowed for the ma1nteonance of
Thom8l! McMullen, John Pearcey, Alex- their apparatus aß follow8: Engine com-
ander Pearcey, Robert Hill, Joseph Gib- ' panieB, $800 each; hook and ladder com-
Fon, William Spottiswood, James Spottis- panie-s of 30 men and over, $800, and
wood, George Spottiswood, John Boyd, hose companies in proportion.
,J ohn Irwin, William Smith, ThomM The engine company known as No.2,
Smith, Harry Smith, ThoffiM Harris, I under the command of Alexander Jacques.
Thomllß Wingfield, John Sharpe, George resigned on the 1st September, 1860, and

i
,

--
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---

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FJR}<
lULL No.6-QUEEN STREET-BUILT 184i-REBUILT 1876.

McConkey, Richard Wolff, John Allen, ,Jas. their rcsignation was accepted.
Rommers, Richard Cohen, John Xickin..;on, The system of Bupplying the engines
George Hill, David Ward, Burley Hud- with water by means of puncheoDEI con-
son, William Armstrong, C. H. Rogers, tinued in vogue down to 1861. The
Denman Thompson and F. :\1. Farrell. I puncheon was a large clU!k, capable of
A by-law was passed 011 April 2!)tb, I containing from sixty to eighty galloDß
1861, providing for the organization of of water, or about what would fill three
a volunteer fire brigade, COIlBistillg of ordinary flour barrels. One of the con-
nine engine companies, one hook and lad- I ùitio11s on which the carters of thoee days
der company, two hose companies, and obtained their liceillles was that each

590

LAND
IARKS OF TOROXTO.

man be provided with at least one
and in such cases the contesting partips
plillcheon. The system of rE'wards offer- went with their claims the next day to
ed first to those carters first at fires the chief engineer's office. where the
with their puncheons was a sufficient question was decided. The carters were
inducement to guarantee a punctual ser- not paid in money at the time of the fire.
vice. To the carter who was first at but on the arrival of each puncheon its
the fire with his puncheon. a prize of carrier was given a check of tin or lead
four dollars was given. to the second man which entitled him on preeentation to
three dollars. to the third man two dol- the proper officials to a shilling for every

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FIRE HALL NO. 3-YO N GE STREET-BUILT 1870.
18.l'I5 a.nd to the fourth man one dollar; I check. These checks were round. the
All coming later received a York shil
size of a silver half dollar, and bore
ling for every puncheon brought. and tht! on them the number of the company
erne price WM paid to the prize WinnerB / iElSuillg it. Sometimes they were stamped
for every additional puncheon. As might with a fancy device like an engi
. In
have been expected. dito!putes aR to the consequence of the provision of the law.
relative time of arrival were frequent. every carter had hIB puncheon. and

LAXD:\L\.RKS OF TORO
'TO.

591

B
me of the mOI'O wealthy ones had I mad haste to get to the fire over the
8,:)veral puncheolls. oue for each of rough roads of the town. when they reach.
the carts. A few carterI'! made it ed the engines there scarcely would be
their business to keep puncheons fill- I a pailfull left. all the rest having been
ed on the carts. at all times ready in the splashed out. The alarm of fire was
('vent of an alal7\1l. Others. when the ! souuded by the person who discovered it
day's work WW3 done. put their puncheons by running to the first bell and ringing
on their carts. filled iu readiness for fires it. and the members of the company being

,

---=-
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.#
-- - =-- -

FIRE HALL
o. 7-WILTON AVENUE-BUILT 1878.
during the night, and it Ìe shrewdly sus- \ all engaged at their cuetomary vocationø
pected that many a building was set during the day. are equally scattered
on fire by the carters theIIlBelves. in the I about the town at night, it happened that
expectation or hope of obtaining one of the cartmen with their puncheonB were
the rewarde. So keen was the rivalry usually in advance of the engineB. Pre-
that although the cartømen started from I vious to the final disuse of the puncheons
home or from the bay with their a kind of system of water-works had been
puncheoM full, yet, on account of their laid by Mr. Furniss, as a priTate specu-

592

LAND)L-\.RKS OF TORONTO.

lation. He had built a reservoir on the partment, but up to 1876, when the meD
east
ide of Huron street, just north were first stationed in the fire halls, it
of what is now St. Patrick street. may be said to have been a volunteer
The water was pumped from the bay department. In 1fo:56 the City Council
and distributed through a small took the appointment of the chief officers
",ecHon of the city, but the pipes were into its hanru., the choice of the brigade
very small, the supply of water totally in this ma tter h
. ving been rt:'Spt'cted up
inadequate for the ext.inction of fires, and to that time.
there were frequent complaints both from Hand engines continued in use ùown to
the fire companies and the people, several 1861, nnd were drawn to fires by the
of which have been noticed in the min- firemen. In that year the brigade was
utes of company No.3. re-organized with steam cngines, but the
As Mr. ABhfield's connection with the members of the department still con-
fire brisade of Toronto is a part of the tinued to practice their ordinary avoca-
history of that bri 6 ade for exactly half tio.Ils, going to fire halls only on the
a century, it will be of interest to give alarm. Although the city had steam
a brief outline of it. engines it ùid not at first have horses
In May, 1839, ::\lr. Ashfield was admit- to pull them, and whenever there was
ted a member of the Toronto Fire Bri- a lire the nearest horses at hand were
gade, which at the time consisted of five drafted into the service. The old ha111l
companies of from thirty to forty mem- engines were sold to small municipalities
bers each, all volunteel'l
, who received in the province, the last one to be di
-
no remuneration for their services. In; posed of being the Phoenix, which was
1846 he was elected captain of his com- I purchased b
' the vill3,ge of Oakville.
pany, and in May, 1851, while abscnt The Committee on Fire, Water and Gft8
from the annual meeting of the officers recommended tbe purcha.se of a steam
of the brigade, having previously de- fire engine in 1858, but no steps were
clined being a candidate, he wa.s elected taken to carry out the recollunendation
to the office of chief engineer of the until 18G1, when two steam engine!'! were
brigade, and in accordance with that procured from MessrB. Silsby &; Co..
election he was appointed to that office, of Sen<'Ca Falls,
.Y., for' which the 8um
by the City Council. The following is a of $6,000 was paid. The enginß'! gave
copy of his appointment by the City Coun- very good 6atisfactiou on occasions of
cil in 1851, on the recommendation of fire, although at first they caused some
the fire brigade: ' jealousy on the part of the other fire
Clerk's Office, Toronto, May 16, 1
51. compa
ie
, which led to their being hin-
Sir,-I have the honour to acquaint
'ou dered 111 Its. work. ..
that the Common Council of the City of I '1' , ' 0 th
pl'
ce of one
f .the t.'I1,gmee dI!:
Toronto have, in pursuance of the recom- fel en
111SUl a
ce rompa
llcs 1
,
lIlg buS!
mendation of the fire brigade, by a re- nes!'! 111 the CIty sul.Jt;1c!lhed :j):--,OùO.
I';olution adopted on the 15th iust., ap- After thes:. two eng1\1
l
amen ba
k
pointed you Chief Engineer of the 1'0- llumhe
s, O\\111g .to t
e
vÄU':J('\m
nt m
ronto Fire Brigade. the SCIence .of fIre fIghtlDg, they. were
I have the honour to be, sir, rold t
a Junk dealer fOl" the sum of
Your very obedient servant, $30, bJ .whom they wer
broken up, and
CHARLES DALY. thrown 111tO the
crap-
rotl heap: .
J The cost of mamtammg the fn"'C bIl-
ames .At:!hficld. gade in 1861 was $7,520, distributed ns
After a service of fourteen years in the follows:
brigade, two as chief engineer, and all Chief engineer of briga.d.e...............
l,OOO
without pay, having his own private First assistant engin
r $COO,
ec-
business to attend to, Mr. Ashfiehl de- onll a&3iBt::l.11t
400......... ............ 1,000
elined beiug again a candillate for the Two firemen $610, one extra. dd \"cr
office of chief engineer. The City Coun- I $240 ...... ...... ............... ...... ......
cil then resolved that the chief engineer I Six hor8e
and thrcl' men...............
f'hould be paid a salary and induced him
ix branchmeu at $100 e.nch.........
to accept the office at $GOO per year. In Two chief branchmcu at $120 c
_ch
June, 18:>5, while absent from the city One 'hook ll1l1l laùder C(.mp3ny......
on a tour of inspection, he was re-ap- Fuel, rppairs, oil, t'lllow, etc..........
pointed and his salary was raised to
$
OO, and a few years later to $1,000.
On }Ir. Ashfield's appointment in 1855
the Council llPpointell William Charlton
fil'
t fI
siRtant engineer and Arthur
Ardagh f!Crond assistant. In 1853 the
Council had made a small allowance to
meet the absolute expenses of the ùe-

880
1,
0l)
600
240
1,50D
500

Total... ...... ...... ...... ......... .. ......$7,520
St<'am fire en
inc.
havir.:g I'upcrsedcd
the hand brake machin('t!. t
fire depart-
ment in lSG2 '" 3.8 m.1 te dully nltereJ.
There wer,) but two st::tti\1:i1', the n..y
street fiee hall at th
corner uf Tempt'r-
ance street and the Court strc:ct fire hall.

LANDMARKS OF TORO
TO.

593

I
JalDe.! .Ashfield, the chief engineer, had i hBad, and Messrs. Thomae Kerr 8.ud
hiB office in the east wing oi the City I Thomas Graham (the preø
nt chief) were
Hall buildinge. I appointed firem
n of steam engines.
The force c008isted ()f 000 chief en- I In February of the same year an appro-
jpooor, one assil$tant engineer, 17 branch- i priation of $2,000 was made for the con.
men, 11 hook and lad[Wl" men. 1 bugler, I struction of water tank!!! in varioue popu.
2 engineerB of eteam fire engines, 2 fire- lous portions of the city, for the pur-
men of the sam
, 2 driverd of horse for pose of affording an adequate supply of
the sa.me, 2 ,:lrivers of hos
ca.rts, 1 water for the extinguishing of fire.@!,
lJriver of hook and la(lder \nr<'k: in all Twenty-eight tankß wel'e constructed dur-

,
P-',
'I

þ
:
!æ'

:-.:.==-=====::.-..=-

.'IRE HALL NO. 8-8. W. COR. COLLEGE ST. AND BELLE VUE AVE.-BUILT ISiS.

4() men, with two steam fire engines, I iug the year, and more added from time
hæe carts, hOBe, hook and ladder appar- to time.
atus and seven horees. Both in 1863 and 1864 the Committee
In 1862 the City Council pas
ed a by- I on Fire, Water and Gas urged upon
law providing for the organization of a I the Council the neceasity of procuring a
fire departnwnt, to cOl1iSist of the two: third fire steam engine, to be kept in re-
frteam fire enginæ and hose carts, with serve in case of accident to either of
the neceæary engineers and branchmen; , the other ellg-ines, but the Council of
oue hook and ladder company and three that year did not considpr it necessary.
band engines, to b
Btl1tioned at differ- \ Again, on January 31st, 1863, the Com-
ent parts of the city. The office of second mittel' t"Pcomnwnded that fill appropria-
engineer was awarded to Mr. John White- . tioJJ. of $4,000 be made for an :u
,liti'J11:'!

594

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO,

Iteam fire engine, but the report was not
adopted by the Council, and the matter
stood over once mOre.
In 1863 the following correspondence is
reported in the records of the Fire, Water
and GM Committee:
Provincial Illi!nrance Co. of Canada,
10th April.
The Provincial Insurance Company of (Signed) ED. G, O'BRIEN,
Canada herebv demand from tllP city of SecretarY.
Toronto the fi
e engine" Provincial" and I Report of Standing Committee, ,jan.
bose reel belonging" to the said company, 12th, 1833:
and require the delivery to be made to I Your committee, having had before them
J. S. Crocker. Esq., their manager, and I the communication of E. G. O'Brien, beg
the sajd company will hold the munici- , lea.ve to recommend that said engine be
pality of the city of Toronto responsible put in charge of one of the companieA
for any damage the said company may at present organized in the fire brigade.
suffer from non-delivery thereof, (Signed) GEORGE PLATT,
J. HILLYARD CAMERON. GEORGE BROOK,
President. ED. WRIGHT.
J AS. 8YDXEY CROCKER. J A
IES A
HFIELD.
Manager. The Standing Committee on Fire,
The matter coming bPfore the commit- Water and Gas beg leave to present its
tee as it did. without much previous / report No. -1:
notice. the committee were not prepared The committee have had before them
to order the delivery of the engine. with- a communication from T. W. Birchall,
out being fully a ware of all the circum- I Esq" manager of the British America.
stance
counected with the city coming I Assurance Co., stating that an offpr of
into p088ession of the machine, for while I $200 had been mnde by a diRbmt mll1li-
they were anxious that the iIl8urance com- cipality for the fire engine now in pos-
pany should be justly dealt with, yet they I session of the city, belonging to the com-
were very cautious that the rights of pany, known as the "British America,"
the city should be carefully preserved. and requesting that the engine may be
Under the circumstances. the matter handed over to the company 01' purchased
waß poBtponed until further inquiry could by the city for the sum of $200. Your
be made into the matter. during- which committee recommend that the engine be
time the annexed notice was received. returned to the British America Assur-
threatening to hold the city responsible anCe Company.
for any damage the company might suffer In 1866. according to the report of the
from the non-delivery of the engine. chief engineer of the fire department for
The info:nnation required by your com- that year, there were fifty-five fires
mittee has been received, being the rom- I within the city limits, and of these
munication of the secretary of the Pro- eighteen were extinguished without the
vincial Insurance Company in 1852. offer- aid of any of the fire engines. Of the
ing the Care of the engine to the city, other thirty-seven the other two were ex-
and the fifteenth report of the Fire, tinguished with three streams of water,
Water and Gas Committee of the same eleven with two streams, and twenty-four
year. accepting the charge, which are with one stream. The department was
fmbmitted for the information and action called out on unnecessarv alarms twenty-
of the Council. five times during the yeår. The total loSs
Provincial Insurance Office, on buildings and contents was about $4:7,-
Toronto, 27th Dec., 1852. 000 protected by an insurance oi over
To
Ir. James Ashfield, Chief Engineer
188.000. Fifteen of the fifty-five fires
City of Toronto Fire Brigade: were attributed to incendiary origin.
Sir,-You are aware that this com- The report goes On to say that the water-
pany has purchased the prize fire engine works extended but to a small portion of
made by Mr. Perry, of Montreal, and I the city. There were no hydrants west
believe you are also aware that the pur- of Petcr street, nor east of Nelson street,
chase waø made for the purpose of ad- on Queen street, or south of it except Rix,
ding that powerful engine to the fire two of wbich were useless because of being
brigade of the city. May I request :rou, on small mainR. Nor were there any
y-
therefore, to bring the matter before the drantH north of Queen !!Itreet except lllne
Common Council, and take such mea- Ion Yonge Rtreet, three on Church strect,

ures a!!l may be deemed necessary for I three on Gerrard street, four on AgneR
the formation of a company, organized I street, one on Don street, One on Shuter
under and recognized by the proper street, and Olle on Sayer street. The total
municipal authority of the city, and in number of hydrants in the city was 85,

whoaI' care, as a part of the fire brigade,
the engine, to be called the " Provincial,"
shall be placed in the same manner that
the engine of the British America Ae-
surance COIll.Pany has been done, imme-
diately on your informing me that !!Iuch
company is in a state to take charge

iL '

LA
D
L\.R,KS OJ<' TOROXTO.

595

about 12 of which were useless because I but two fir a halls. one the nay street.
of the pipcs to which they were couuect- the other the Court f;treet; and the total
ed being so small, and the hydrants I!IO I equipment of the fire departmeut was
far distaut from the large mains that a three steamers. three hose carts. one
fire engineer could not get a supply of hook a nd ladder truck. one fuel waggon.
water from any of them. eeven horses; the hook and ladùer truck
The engineer state'.! that since the in- Was hauled by one horde-and twenty-
troduction of f;team fire engines in the four hundred feet of rubber hoee. The an-
city there had bee'l UBed from the hy- nual appropriation for running the de-
drantB in anyone .fear three-fourths of I partment. exclusive of the salary of the
a million gallons of water for extin;:!,'uish- chief engineer. was $8.000.
ing a fir
. The qllantity used during C<>mUll'ntillg on the crud<, method of
I

FIRE HALL No.9-DUNDAS STREET, XEAR QGEEX STREET-BUILT I8i8.

the year 1866 at the price paid. at $11 1 Eending in an alarm then in vogue the
per 1.000 gallollß mcd from the hydrants. report says:
while the ordinary charge for private .. The bells in use for the purpose of
contmmption was about thirty cents. He giving alarm on occasions of fire in this
further adds that from the time hand city ar
not as effective as formerly,
engines were wholly discont
nued. in when VIe city could not boast of as many
1862. up to 1866. the whole engme power exteUBi ve blocks of high buildings as at
uøed for extinguishing fires in the city present. There is no lookout or watch
Wat! two steam engines. In July. 1866. kept at any of the eugin3 or fire alarm
however. a third Sill'!by steamer was l 8tations. and it often happens that fires
bought for a reflerve engine, in ca.<;e do occur for which some of the principal
of accident or emergency. There were bells are not rung at all. Along with

[i9û

LAND.MARKS OF TORONTO.

tbis it may be noticed that there are Two firemen eteam engine, each...... 360
many parts of the city in which. Bhould Caretaker. bell ringer, etc.........,........ 360
a fire break out. a meBsenger. to convey The officers of the firp brigade were:
the intelligence to the nearest pngine or James Asbfield. chief engineer: Richard
alarm station. may have to travel nearly Ardagh. assistant eng-ineer. John C.
two .miles. and before rea
hing it. .saying I C!app. first engine
r fire el;gine;
ohn
nothmg of the flhorteBt tIme possIble to \, hitehead. second engineer fire engme;
get the engines and other apparatUEJ to Thomas Kerr. fireman. Thomas Graham.
the place of fire. the building where the fireman; Adam Keay.' caretaker.
fire originate-d. with all its contents. to- I In 1869 the 1l{,(,I'f':Rity for a fire alarm
getber with other property adjacent telegraph was rl'JlPatedly urged upon thp
thereto. may have been wholly de- Council. and a tender was received from
tltroyed." the Gamewell Company. of New York.
While on duty at a fire at Drummond'f;! offering to do the work for $5.400, but
lumber yard On the east side of Yonge no steps were taken in the matter.
street, on July 4th, 1
66,
Ir. \Villiam The chief engineer in his allTlUal 1"('-
Charlton, assistant engineer of the fire port again brought the matter up, urging
department, received injuries which that it if! impossible for the fire depart-
proved fatal six dt.ys later. The Council ment to render efficient service On OCca-
granted bis widow the sum of $750 M .eions of fire. when the alarm is not rung
a gratuity for the loss of her husband. until long after the fire is f1tn.rtpd. How-
On May 25th, 1867, the Council passed a ever. nothing wa.e done in that direction
by-law to provide for rewarding those at the time.
who distinguisb themselves at fires, as In 1870 the fire alarm telegraph ques-
follows: tion was still urged upon the Council.
I. That any person who ehaIl in the dis- with the result that towards the end of
charge of his duty as a fireman distin- the year tenders were invited for a sye-
guish himself in the performance of a gal- tern of fire alarm telegraph. and the
lant act by which life or property shall, contract was a warded to Messrs. Gamc-
or may be saved. shall be entitled to re- well & Co,. of :Kew York. the original
ceive reward thereof, either by present a- tenderers. The price was $12.000. and
tion of a medal or such pecuniary assist- the contract was to have been completed
ance as the corporation of the City of on April 1st. 1871. but owing to Some
Toronto by the Council thereof may by delay in getting- material the s,rstem was
resolution order or direct. not ready for use until June 14th. when
II. Provides such pecuniary aid or as- it was tested by tbe Mayor and the Com-
sistance for the widows or orphans of any mittee on Fire. Water and Gas. aUlI
fireman who may receive his death, or found to work perfectly Batisfactory.
,,"uch injuries as may lead to death, while The Contract with the Am
rican Fire'
in the discharge of his duty. Alarm and Police Telegraph Company
In April, 1866, T. W. Birchall, F.ßq., called for the erection of a fire alarm
manager British America Assurance apparatus in the city of TOl'Onto on the
fumpany. presented the city with one of f?lIowing- Bystem of automatic telegraph
Oyston'B stearn fire engine nozzles. for I fIre alarm:
the use of thi' fire department. On motion I For the Central or Battery Station-
it waB decided to accept said steam One automatic electro-magnetic repeater.
spreading nozzle. and that the thanks of arranged for at lea.st three independent
the fuuncil are due. and are hereby ten- circuits. Three galvanometers for indi-
dered to the said company and others cating the exact f!trength of the electric
who have contributed towards furnishing current. Three lightning arre8ters for
1m Jlli'. the protection cf the apparatUB. One
At the end of 1868 the department con- mahogany table. upon which the foregoing
sisted of one chief engineer and one assist- apparatus iB to be properly arranged.
ant engineer. two engineers and two Sixty cups of the improved sulphate of
firemen of steam engines. one caretaker copper battery. ,
of a pparatus. and one fire company of For the Signal StatioM-Twenty cot-
thirt.v-four men and nine f!upernumerary tage-ehaped cast-iron boxes. with hinged
Jllemhcrs. In all forty-one men. exclusive doors and combination locks. Five keys
of the supernumerary members of the fire to each. Each station to contain the
company. The saiaries per annum were necessary mechanism and electrical ar-
as follows: rangements for indicating its eX1'\.
t
Assistant Engineer ......... ........, ......$300 locality to the central station.
Three foremen of sectionE1. each...... 80 For the Engine House Gong-s-Three
Thirty-one members of Fire Com- electro-magnetic mechanical gong strikf's.
pany. each ......... ......... ......... ......... 70 gongs to be at leaHt thirteen inches in
First engineer steam cngillf'............... 600 diameter. Three smnll call bells for ordi-
Second engineer of steam engine...... 500 I nary use. one each to be placed in the

LAXD
IARKS OF TORONTO.

597

chief engineer's office, the engine house
on Court etrcet and Fireman's Hall.
For the Signal and Alarm CircuitB-:-A
euIficient quantity of the best qualIty
annealed galvanized iron wire to connect
the various signal boxel!l, etc., with the
central etation in three completely metal-
lic circuitB (said quantity not to exceed
10 milee). All the poles ul!led to be of

The Fire Committee further- urged the
necessity of providing additional fire
engines, with a view to the want ex-
perienced in the east end of the city
being al80 supplied, by the location of
an engine in eome convenient locality in
St. David'e Ward. The committee were
of opinion, with regard to such further'
supply of engines, that the insurance

- - .. - - --
------::::::--.::::--:..

J'IRE HALL NO. IO-YORKVILLE AVEr-;UE-BUILT 1876-AN
EXED TO CITY 1883.

lIOund timber, not le!!!8 than thirty feet companies ehould bear a. portion of the
long, nor less than four inches in diame- expelll!e of the same, and intend bringing
ter at the top, firmly øet in the ground the matter before those institutions.
at least four feet. The average time to Two eitee were also purchased by the
communicate a general alarm ie within city this year (1870) for the erection of
twenty eeconds. For the work the city fire halls and the old fire hall on Berkeley
of Toronto to pay the aforesaid sum of etreet wae altered and enlarged 130 as
$5,400 Canada money, in cash, on the to make it 8llitable for a station in the
completion of the work to the satisfaction east end. The Bay street hall was also
of the said fire department committee. I remodelled and enlarged. New halls were

5DS

LAND)IARKS OF TORON'ro.

built on Portland street, east side, corner
of Little Hichmond etreet (now Farley
avenue), and on the weet side of Yonge
street, between Grenville and Grosvenor
Mreets.
After the four new engine houses had
been finished in 1871, the Committee on
Fire, Water and Gas recommended the
Council to purchase a fourth new engine,
in order to make the engine houses com-
plete for the purpose for which they were
intended. The Council adopted the re-
port and tenders were invited for a first-
-class steam fire engine, and the tender
'Of Messrs. Silsby & Co., of Seneca :Falls.
N. Y., for $3,500 WM accepted. The

ngine was named the " James B. B.)tI-

tead," after the theB chairman of the
Fire, Water and GaB Committee, and W8ß
stationed at the Yonge street fire hall.
A sum of $3.600 WM expended for hose
during that year, and the committee re-
ported that the Fire Department was
then in II very bigh etate of efficiency,
both Ill! regarded men and apparatns.
Now that the extra fire balls had been
erected llnd the new fire engine procured,
it Willi found necessary to increa8e the
number of firemen and to re-organize the
department. This Waf! accordingly done,
and at the end of 1871 the department
consisted of one chief engineer, one as-
sistant engineer, four engineers of steam
engines, four firemen of Bteam engines,
one bugler llnd forty men, divided into
five sections of eight men each, being one
eection for each of the four engines, and
onp hook and ladder flection, making al-
tog'ther 51 men.
The engineers and firemen were on
duty continually at their respective en-
gine houses, but the other men only at-
tended on occasions of fire. During the
next two or three years nothing of any
importance was done in connection with
the fire brigade; it was very well equip-
ped both as to men and engines and the
fire alarm Rystem gave it opportunities
which it had never had before, In 1874
twelve additional fire alarm signal boxes
\'4're put up at a cost of $3.200.
The question of organizing a corps cf
paill firemen Wa.!! brought up before tbe
('ouncil in 1874 by the Chief Engineer,
who reprel!l
nted that it was impossible
to render prompt service at fires when
the men were all pursuing their ordinary
avocations, and had to come from their
wo:'k, probably miles di'5tant from the
business portioli of the city, to attend
fires.
The Council was urged by the Commi ttee
011 Fire. Water and Gas to have a company
o
paid firemen organized who should de-
vote all their time to the department,
and to furnish them with chemical en-

gilles and other appliances so aI!I to make
thl'm thoroughly efficient. The brigade
was to cOilsist of thirty-six men.
On the completion of some repairs to
the Court street fire hall in 1875 a eal-
vage waggon was procured and a salvage
corps organized for the protection of pro-
perty from damage by water on occaBions
of fire. The various l!Iections of the fire
department were also increased by the
addition of one man each, Court etreet
hall was abandoned in 1887, the appli-
ances and men being transferred to thE'
new central ball on Lombard etreet.
The permanent fire brigade was organ-
ized this year on the basis which had been
recommended by the Chief Engineer and
the Committee on Fire, Water and Gas.
The brigade consisted of fifty officerl!l and
men at first at an annual cost of $39,-
916. whicb included the payment of 24
outside men, but eoon the department
was again re-organized, the 24 outside
men were dispensed with, and the depart-
ment wae composed of the following:-
One chief engineer, two deputy chiefe,
one electrician, O:le assistant electrician,
four engineers, four firemen, seven fore-
men and twenty-six men. The horse".
with drivers, etc.. were furnished by con-
tract. ThiR second arrangement saved thf'
city about $6,500 per year.
In 1875 Mr. James Al!lhfield. Chief En-
gineer, who had been a member of the brio
gade since 1839 W81!1 relieyed from attend-
ance on fires owing to his long l!Iervice.
but continued to have a general over-
sight oyer the brigade, to make all pur-
chases. etc., etc., at 8. l!Ialary of $1,000
per annum.
In 1876 the number of fire alarm boxes
was ninety-seven. The department thi

year consisted of James Ashfield, Chief
Engineer; Richard Ardagh. Assistant
Engineer; five sectioIlB or companies of
eight men each, one bugler, four engi-
neers of steam fire engines, eight driverB
of ho.cse carts, one driver of hook and lad-
der truck-in all sixty-one men-with
four steam fire engine8, all in commission,
hose carts, hose, hook and ladder ap-
paratu.
and thirteen horses. There w
re
four engine f;tntions, the Bay street hre
hall at the corner of Temperance Btr
et:
the Yonge !Street fire hall. at the corner
of Grenville street; the Portland street
fire hall, corner Richmond street and the
Berkeley f;treet fire hall, corner of Duke
street. i'he hook and ladder and hose fir!'
hall was at Court 8treet. and a bose fire>
hall waS on Queen etreet. west of Johu,
In 1sí6 the fire bri
ade was called out
One 11Uudred times; there were eeventy-
two fires and twenty-eight unnecessary
alarms. The losses. aR nparly as coulll be
ascertained. nggregateù $163,758. The

LAND
l '\:RK
OF TORONTO.

599

amount of insurance on property destroy- (796) respecting the organization and
ed or damaged during the year was management of the fire department, to
$244,900. amend by-law 473, passed May 28th,
The Committee of Fire, Water and Gas 1877.
in 1877 recommended that Mr. James A!"h. Section V.-The whole apparatus and
field receive the sum of $1,250 per Annum I managempnt of the fire department, with
instead of $1,000, that being $2:50 leBB the exception of the men composing the
than he had previously received. I ' brigade, AhaIl be under the direction of
During 1877 there were one hundred the Chief Engineer; and the men compos-

FIRE HALT,
O. 11-8, W. COR. ROSE AV

UE AND HOWARD STREET-BUILT l88i,

I
an
thirty-seven calls, thirty-nine of I f
g t
e fire brigade shall be .under r
e
which were unnecessary alarms. The directiOn of the chief of the brigade sub-
t'1everal losses by fire amounted to $106,. ject to instructions from the said com-
034, on which there was insurance for I mittee : but at every fire the chief of the
$236,925. The fire engine which had been i fire brigade, or other the senior officer of
!Stationed at the Portland street fire hall I the brigade who may be present, shall
was Bold to the municipality of Lanark have Bole control over all members of the
for $1,200. I brigade and all persons engaged at any
The subjoined is a portion of a by-law, IiI'e, and over nIl the engines and appar-

600

LA
D)IARKS OF TORO
TO.

atus belonging thereto during any fire;
and any person who shall refuse or ne-
glect to obey any legal order of the said
chief of the fire brigade at or during any
fin', or other the senior officer present at
any fire shall be subject to the penalties
of this by-law.
Section YH.-In the absence of the chief
of the brigade the senior officer of the
brigade who may be present, and in case
no officer is present, the senior foreman
shall have the powers and perform the
duties of the chief.
On the re-organization of the fire de-
partment in 1878 Richa I'd Ardagh was
made chief of the brigade, the real post
of responsibility in the department.
Though not so long in the eervice, Mr.
Ardagh was one of the oldest firemen in
the city. Forty years ago when but fif-
teen years old. he joined the Toronto hook
and ladder company. Afterwards for
seven yeara he was captain of the Union
hook and ladder company once known as
the "Wreckers." He was first foreman
of the brigade when assistant engineer
William Charlton '\'tas killed
a Yonge
street fire, and on his death he succeeded
to his position, which he held for fifteen
years,
In 1878 three additional hOl'le stations
had been added, No. 7 on Beech etreet
(now Wilton avenue), eMt of Parliament,

o. 8 on C()llege street, Corner of Belle-
vue avenue, and No.9 on DundM street.
near the Corner of Queen et'reet.
In 1879 James Åshfield continued chief
engineer, Richard Ardagh having been
raised from first assistant engineer to
ehief of brigade. The number of fire
alarm telegraph signal boxes had been
increaßed to one hundred and forty-two.
1'he ealaries of the officers of the fire
brigade were fixed by by-la w in the
early part of 1879, as follows:
James Ashfield. chief engineer......$ 800
Richard Ardagh, chief of brigade... 1.000
ThomaB Graham. 8l!sistant chief of
brigade ......... ......... ......... ......... 650
Donald Gibson. superintendent fire
alarm telegraph ......... ............... 800
Albert Gilbert. assistant superin-
dent fire alarm telegrapb............ 600
Foremen of ,*,ctioIll3. each............... 550
Ordinary firemen. each ......... ...... 480
During the year 1879 the brigade WflB
called out one hundred and fifty-six
time8; there were one hundred aud ten
fires and thirty-six: unnecessary alarms,
'l'he total amount of los.ses 011 buildings.
merchandise and furniture is etstimated at
$19-1.328. and the aggregate amount of
immrance thereon $-151.525.
In 1880 there were one hundred and
8eventy
ix alarms of fire. sixty-seven of
which were unnecessary. The total
amount of 10>><;('8 0'1 IJUHding R . merchandise

and furniture ie estimated at $61.022.
and the ag
regate amount of ÏU8urance
thereon $143.550.
Three firemen. Thomas Doughty, Frank
Forsyth and Martin Kerr earned a teflti-
monial from the Council for their heroÍBm
displayed at a fire in the Revere block
on 3rd December. when they rescued l'Iev-
eral of the inmatel'l of the premises in a
more or leBB burned and suffocated con-
dition. and Who would have inevitably
perished but for the noble efforts of those
brave men.
Early in that year the l'Ialvage service
wae diBcontinued. the members of the
salvage corps being transferred to the
new hook and ladder eection established
at the Portland 8treet station.
In order to give the fire brigade more
control over the streets during the pr(r
gress of a fire. this by-law was passed
November 1st. lR80. to amend by-law
entitled "A by-law far the organization
and management of the fire department ":
.. It shall and may be lawful for the chief
engineer ()r the chief of the fire brigade.
or other officer in charge at any fire, in
his diBcretion to declare and to cause any
highway, 8treet. lane. public place or
square. or part thereof. to be clooed to
all wheeled or other vehicle8. including
street carBo between any two cross
streets or points. in such manner and for
such time during the progress of any fire
ae he may eee fit. so as to prevent in-
jury to the hOB8 and other apparatus be-
longing to the department. and no per-
son shall enter upon any portion of any
I'Itreet. lane. public place or equare during
the time the eame shall be so declared
clOßed. and closed as aforesaid. with any
such vehicle or I'Itreet car. without in-
currin
the penalty of thiB b
r-Iaw."
In l8S1 the brigade was called out one
hundred and sixty-five times. There were
one hundred and thirteen fires and fifty.
two unnecessary alarms. The losses by
a large number of the fires were very
trifling. The total amount was only $33,.
563, which speaks highly for the working
of the brigade, which must have been ex-
tremely prompt in its action on occa8ions
of fire. The iusurance on property dam-
aged or destroyed amounted to $168,844.
In 1883 Mr. Ashfield was still engineer,
Mr. Ardag-h chief of the brigade and Mr.
Thomas Graham assistant chief. There
were one hundred and forty-eight fire
alarm boxes and new statioIls located as
in 1878. Of engine house No.1, Alex.
Auchinc100s was foreman; of No. 2 A.
Charlton and Joseph Davis, foremen; No.
3 Samuel Townley, foreman; No. 4 John
Noble .
No. 5 Charles Smedley and Wil-
liam Villiers: No.6, Frank Forsyth;
No, 7, James Thompson: No.8, Frank
Smith; No, 9, Henry Leach; No, 10.

LAXD:\L\.RK
OF TOROXTO.

601

.John Robinson and J. McGowan foremen.
The village of Yorkville was annexed to
the city in 1883, and the station on York-
ville avenue was equipped with a hook
and ladder and hose section, The
chief officers of the department re-
mained the same with the addition of
.f OBeph Davis, assistant chief for the west
side of the city, and John Thompson as-
sistant chief for the east side.
Early in 1884 a new chemical engine

the Brock a venue hall were transferred to
the !w\r building.
In 1885 the strength of the department,
accorùing to the chief engineer's annual
report, was-Officers and members, 75,
including the superintendent of the fire
alarm telegraph and his assistant. The
number of fire alarm boxes WM 154, all
of which were in good working order.
I The chemical engine was spoken very
highly of. With it 17 of the fires of the

i

,

,
'1111

-""" , ;:::.

FIRE HALL YO. 12-BOLTOY AVE
UE-BUILT 1884.

was procured from the Fire Extinguisher I year were extinguished without the aid
Manufacturing Company of Canada for J of any other apparatus and with very
$2,500. This had been needed for a long little loes. The brigade was called out
time by the department and was extreme- to fire duty 208 times. The l()"!t'les by
ly useful in preventing some very bad fire, ae ascertained, were $281,563, anù
fire8. The next year No. 13 was added, the several iIlBurances on property d('-
at the Corner of Brock avenue and Dundas stroyed or damaged amounted to $429,-
etreet, Samuel 'fownley being foreman. In 950. A large proportion of the 10000es wa",
1895 & new double hall was erected on more than covered by insurance, and only
Dundas street, near St. Clarens avenue, I three of the firps were of the class in-
and the men and appliances stationed at volving heavy 10;;8.

60"2

LAND:\rAl
KS OF TORONTO.

In 1885 the number of signai boxe"l had I In lR87 tile following by
law was pass

increased to 17-1. In 1886 two more hose I'd to provide for the government of the
stations had been added-
o. 11, at the Toronto Fire Brigade (Passed January-
co:'ner of Rose avenue and Howard street, 1 31;;;t, 1887).
Charles Ardagh foreman; No, 12, on Bol- Duties of Chief of Department,
ton avenue, William Browne, forpman. To have control and direction of !:.is
Tbe IDO!3t important question before the bureau of fmpplies and light, and of all
Committee on Fire amI Gas in 18R6 was clerks assigned to duty therein. Be re-
the purchaM of a new and improved Sys- l sPOnsible to the ronunittee on Fire and
tern of fire alar'Ill telPgraph apparatu
GaR for the conduct and management of
complete, to replace the one tlwn in use. , his bureau. To receive the daily and order
which bad bepn found uI1l'elhhl!' on Rev- report!'! aUlI returns from the Chipf of
eral occa
ions. After considering the mat- Brigade and keep an accurate record in

..... ,..
- -- --

-=-=----

FIRß HALL XO. 14-oSSTXGTO
AVE
UE,
K-\R m,oon. STRF.ET-EL'ILT ISSS.
tel' fully, and getting all necessary in- j convenient form for reference of all bm:;i-
formation on the subject, the whole of neBS transacted in his bureau, To pur-
the apparatus was purchased from the chase all supp:ies required and forwarll
Oamewell Fire Alarm Company, of Boston, same on being properly vouched for to the
who originally constructed the first fire I committee for payment. To iRl3ue all tmp-
alarm system ill Toronto. The whole of plies on requisition from the other depa rt-
the new system was in working order ments.
by June, 1887. The brigade wa.
called I Duties ðf ('hipf of TIr:gade.
ont 274 times ill 1886, The amount of To keep an accurate recorll of all fires
1008 by fire was $280,û02, on which the occurring in this city and opl'rations
insurance was $1,164,163. thereat, or elsewher(', when caUed out of
The Lombard street fire ball, which I the city. To attrnd HII fires and have
was built in lR8G, is styled thl' C
'lItral Bl1.mC fxtinsuished with thl> least pOf:;Ribll>
[ire hall. da nUl gc to life a ud property ami pren>nt

LA:ND
IARKS OF T0ROXTO.

6u3

I be f:ubject to fine or dismisflal from the
service, provided, however, that one mem-
ber at a time from each section mav
have leave of ab>:ence one-half day an
l
one night in each we!'k, from one p.m.
to eight a.m. the following morning; leave
of absence may te granted on applica-
tion to the chief of the briga.de through
the for!'man. · · · Absence from a fire
without good and
ufficient cause shall
subject the party absenting him:'Plf to
6u<;pension and di!"mi;:sal. Racing to allli
from fires not alkweJ under any circum-
I9tances, and if the apparatl.lß of the sev-
eral s!'ctions proceed on the 19ame street
they shall (
O so in single file. · · · Any
member of the brigade neglecting to wear
his uniform whi!e on duty t!hall be
liable to fine, suspension or dismi
sal. The
chief of brigade a
d assistant chiefs, fore-
I men and all members of the brigade shall
give their whole and undivided time to
the brigade dutie.

Every man of the force will be liable
to suspension for the fo]]o" ing offences :-
Dh:ob!'dience to orders.
Rein
in a state of intoxication.
Immlence in word or manner.
Violent or coal
e language or be-
haviour.
Neglecting duty.
Frequenting taverns.
Duties of Foremen. Interference in election!'!, municipal or
It shall be the duty of foremen of sec- parliamentary, except for the purpo."e of
tions to see that tQe apparatus entrusted exerci!':ing their own franchise.
to their care and the several buildings in Qualification for Membership.
which the same may be I9tationed. and all That hereafter all persons appointed to
articles in or belongin:r thereto, are kept memb('I'ship in the uniform force shall pos-
clean and neat, and in order for imme-
diate U,',e; they I9hall also P reserve order sess thp following qualifications :-
No person shall be appointed to the fire
and discipline I\t all times in their re- bIigade or continue to hold membership
f'pective sections; they shall promptly thereiu who is not a subject of Great
report to the chief of brigade all delin- Britain, or who has ever been convicted
quencies on the part of officers or mem- of a crime, or who cannot read or write
bel'S of their respective stn tipns, the understandingly in the English language.
names of members absent from duty, with They shall not be less than:; feet 7 inches
the eXC1li
e rend
red, if lIny, for such ab- in height, 13:-) pounds weight and :
3
sence, and such other matter as they may inches in circUlnferenc2 of chest ( q uies-
deem advisable anri necessary. )
;he
ooemen .shall be on d.uty at their ce
};ey shall not be' more than thirty
1'1'.
Ì1v
statIOns at all t.lmes, except I years of age. D!'ception or attempt at
dur
ng fIre
,
I
Ù shall. dl

.::rge all I dl'ception sha11 be cause for rejection.
dutIes appertauung to theIr pOSItIOnS dur- !'efore b . g . t d the h II
ing the time th
apparatus i"l in service. , tbe medi

o
r
o:na:d be
esSte
b' p;

It shall be their duty to keep the f1ta- I . f . . '. ' J
tl ' on ho
e ca ,'o g ' a 1 h e . cllle of bll
ade III 1'l111l1.HU!!: hdd"r. hand-
, 'co rIln '" nl ()ó; In a proper I . t I f . II
and clean condition. and they shall be: lIlg app
ra
s .aD< per ormlIlg
nf'ces-
f;ubject in all thingi to the directions I sary dubes IIlcldent
o the dut
e.s to be
oÎ the foreman, and shan also keep their perf
r!llcd! and receive a. certIfIcate of
ploper share of t1:e watch. quahfIcatIOll fr?m bo
h offIcers.
. In ]
S7 the fIre brigade was lllcre313ed
General TIegulat!o:I<!.. to eighty-one men, including office
.
It sha11 be the duty o
all foremen, divided into 1gevellt!'en sections; thirteen
}I(:>semen, ladderm!'n awl drivers of sec- sections of branch and hose men, three
tioJls to remain
t their resp
ctive sta- !>ectious of book and ladder men, and one
tions at all hours, and on failure to Com- fi('ction of the chemical engine. There
pI)' with thO!le rr'Qu
J'{'m."lIti1. they 81u1.1) Wl'rc three /'tl'am engines in use, besides

l1nnecef:sary damage by wat!'r at fir!'s.
To CRuse a11 sect:ons not needed at fires
to promptly return to quarters. To mnke
official reports of his actions and that of
the officers and members under his com-
mand when necessary. To have power,
and it shall be his duty, to dßmolish
buildings 8 nd parts 01 buildings which,
in bis judgment, might cause further
damage to life or property, or which, in
his judgment, it may bð nf>cessary to de-
molish to prevent the spread of fire. To
promptly report to the Committee on Fire
8 ntI Gas any officer or member who can-
not perform full duty in the department.
To have power, and it shall be his duty,
to summarily 19uspend from pay and duty
any person under his command for a
fla6rant violation of law, rule, regula-
tion or direction, in all CaßeS whetI' the
interest of the citizens or reputation of
the di'partrr:ent would 19uffer if such
prompt action should not be taken, re-
portin6 ('8f;eB at once to the Chairman
and Committee on Fire and Ga.!'!.
Dnties of Assistant Chief!'.
The Assistant Chiefs "hall perform all
.mch duties as the Committee and Chief
of Brigade may rec.."'-ire; amI ill the ab-
Renct' of Chief of Brigade, the First
Å-.<;Bistant Chief shall perform an his
duties.

604-

LAND
IARKf5 OF TOROXTO.

the chemical engine and all other Rppar-
a tus necessary for the extinguishing of
fires. There were 308 fires and alarms
during 1887. on which the al,rgregate
lot'lBes were $78.685, covered by $638.149.
At the end of 1888 two of the steam
fire engine.s were put out of commÍBsion.
In that year the brigade RllfIwered to
three hundred and eleven alarms of fire,
with 10000s amounting to $215.192. on
which there was irumrance for $967,979.
During 1888 a new composite police and
fire atation was erected on Ossington
avenue, immediately north of Bloor street,
to afford protection to the rel:'idents of

ing officer. and Mr. John McGowan 8ecre-
tary of the department. During thÍB year
the force of men wae again incre8.Bed.
there being ninety-five oHicerB and men.
besides the driverE'. The apparatus was
atout the same, with the exception of
the steam engines. all of which were out
of commi88ion at the end of the year.
The number of calls was three hundred
and seventeen: the losscs by fire were
$134.760. and the illflurance amounted to
alont $1,016,138. The town of Parkdal{>
having become annexed to the city in
1889, the h08e reel station on Cowan
avenue Wail contiuued as part of the

RICHARD ARDAGH, CUU;F TORONTO FIRE BRIGADE, 1889-95.
that nei 6 htourhood, which. as the village I city's fire fighting eystem.
of Dovercourt, had been annexed to the On June 15th, 1890, Mr. James Ashfield,
city during that year. A hORe section was who had been chief engineer of the fire
fir8t established, and in 1895 a hook and I department for many years and pur-
ladder section was added. chasing officer after retiring from active
In the earl;y part of 1889 Mr. Richard duty. died at his reBidence. 24 Shuter
Ardagh was promoted to be chief of the I strpet. after a painful illness. He first
fire department. an office which he had joined the volunteer brigade in 1839. was
really held for eome years. as Mr. James elected captaiu in 1846 and cbief engineer
Aahfield had been relieved from active I in 1851.
duty øorne time before. The offices of I During the year the bri
ade respond-
chief of the fire brigade and chief en- ed to three hundred and eighty-five calls.
gineer of the department were abolished. an increase of sixty-eight over the year
and Mr. J amee Aahfield became purchas- 1889, or an excess of twenty-one per Cl'nt.

LAKD
IARKS 011' T01WXTO.

60.3

The m<Jet destructive fire was that at I to I:> years. From 15 to 20 years at the
the University. which did damage to the rate of 15 days' pay for each year's eer-
extent of $363.706. The total amouut of I vice.
1000S by fire duriug the year was $487.186. From 20 years and upwards at the r
te
including the University fire. The iusur- of one month's pay for each year's serVIce
ance on property destroyed or damaged completed. Any member worn out in th.-
wal!! $1.184.473. Except for the Univer- servic.e after 10 years and up to 15
sity fire. the loss was far less duriug thitl 1 1 years, 8hall receive a gratuity of 20
year than it had been for 80mI' years days' pay for eath year's service com-
previous. pleted.

r

{
"'

I
\' "1
\-

FIRE HALI. NO. IS-BROCK AVENUE, NE.\R DUNDAS STREET-BUII,T l8R5.

In 1890 a by-law was pafll'led to create I After 15 and up to 20 year8 a gratuity
a.nd establish the Toronto Fire Super- calculated at the rate of one month'-'
annuation and Benefit Fund, wbich pro" , pay for each year's service.
vided 8.6 folloWl!l:- After 20 years and upwards a pension
Any member resigning in good health for life at three-eighths of his pay.
after one year'ß 8ervice and up to 10 In case of injury in execution of duty,
year8 8haU be entitled to receive the I five years service and under, one-fifth pay
amount he hM contributed to the fund. for life; five to ten years, one-fourth pay
Any member resigning in good health for life; ten to fifteen years' service,
after .10 years service 8hall receive a l three-eighths pay for life; fifteen to
gratmty, to be calculated at the rate of twenty years' service, oue-half pay for
10 days' pay for each year's service up life.

606

LA
D
L\.RKS OF TORO
TO.

Toward<i the fund thL' City Council Con-
tributed $10,000 and the members of the
brigade were thereafter acsessed month-
ly two per cent. of the gro<:s amount of
their wages. All donn tions and gratuities
from time to time given by citizens or
corporations to or for the benefit of the
fire brigade a ml the proceeds of a II fines
which from time to time may be imposed
upon employes of the fire department are
also added to the fund.
In 18&1 the city purchased the horses
which were used by the fire brigade
under contract: they were twenty-eight
in number anù they cost the city $4,630.
with harnp8.
, etc. There were four hun-
dred and forty-t\'.o alarms of fire during
the year, the largf'st number in the his-
tory of the department. In the month
of :May there were seventy-four calls upon
the force.
A combined chemical engine and hMe
waggoll wa,s added to the dppartment
in 1892, and stationed at Portland street
fire hall. During the year there were 503
alarms of fire, the greatest number ()('-
curring in April and the smallest in
August, while the most destructive fires
took place in :May, wlll"ll Ulere were
t!
alarms. The losses on these fires aggre-
gated $220,509.
In 1893 the department consisted of
122 officers and men, including the drivera
The apparatus was practically un-
('hanged, although the urgent nl'ed of a
"team engine had been put before the
Coullcil several times by the chief of the
fire department The total number of fires
wa<; 555, an inCI ease of 52 over 18U2
The department was called out !)4 times
in Xovemoor alone. There were 51 CMea
of incendiarism during thi'l year. The
lM!'es by fire aggregated $195,403, and
the insuranc.e thereon was $1,021,081.
The total los.
for 1892 wa.<i $220,:>09,
which show
a decrease of $25,105 for
1893, although there were 52 more alarIIl8
than in the previous.
The year 1894 was uneventful, there
1x-ing practically nothing llew in the his-
tory of the department to chronicle.
Hardly had the year 189:> been usher-
ed in before the city was visited by a
series of disastrouH conflagrations which
destroyed a number of large warehouses
and other business establishments.
The first of these fires broke out
in the U Globe" office on the south-west
corner of Yonge and Melinda streets, at
an early honr on the morning of Sunday,
January 6th. While af;sisting to lower
the bi
aerial ladder on Melinda street,
Firemßn James Bowrey, attached to the
Lombard !'!treet hook and lad,ler flection,
was buried undei' a mass of bricks by
the falling outward of the ., Globe"

wall, and sustaiiled injuries which proy-
ed fatal a few hours afterwards.
Chief Ardagh also sustained injuries
at the same fire which terminated fatal-
ly. Along with two foremen he was in-
sprcting premises on Jordan street, and
becoming hemmed in by a solid wall of
flame, the three men jumped for their
Ii Yes into the lane running behind the
" Globe 'ô office and extending from
I
-
linda to Wellington streets. Chief AI'-
dagh was very seriously injured. From
the outset llis ph:vsicians entertained
fJig ht l<
p I!I (\. hIS recovery and he suc-
cumbed to the effect of his terrible injur-
ies on Sunday, January 27th.
In consequence of the death of Chief Ar-
dagh a Dumber of changes were render-
ed peremptory in the command of the bri-
gade, and the following promotion<i were
madf'. To be chief-Thomas Grah:1m. for-
melly deputy-chief; to be deputy chi
f,
J ohll Thompson, formerly fi ssisbnt chi
f
for the east end; to be assistant chief,
William Villiel's, formerly foreman of the
Court street hose section.
Two ne'" powerful steam fire engines
werc purcha.;;ed, one from J. D. Ronald of
Eru"sellol, Ont., for $3,000, and the other
frolU the )Ierryweather ::3team Fire En-
gine Company, of Greenwich, England, for
.$7,000. The old J. ß. Boustead, which
had been plßced out of commission, was
repaired at an expense of $1.S00 and
again brought into requh:ition. The COlln-
cil ßl80 purchased from the Fire Extin-
guisher Company of Chicago, one improv-
ed "Champion" water towpr at a cost
of $6,800. The bI igade was also strength-
ened by the addition of two hook and
ladder waggons. stationed at the Ossing-
ton avenue and llolton avenue stations,
and a chemic:ll engine which was put
into commi88ion at the Portland street
hall. The numerical 8trength of the bri-
gade was also increased.
The t'ire brigade in 1:-)
3 waS composed
of 132 officers and lUcn and drivers.
There were thirtY-.Rix horses, eleyen
single horse hose carts and waggons and
four two horse hose wnggons, one Ba b-
cook aerial turntable hook and ladder
truck. five hook and ladder trucks, one
double cylinder chemical engine, one
combination double cylinder chemical fire
engine and three steam fire engines and
one "Champion" water tower. These men,
horses and cquipments were diviùed
among'!'t fifteen hose sections, five hook
and ladder sections, and one chemical
engint:' f3ection, stationed at the several
fire hnlls, of which there were fifteen, 3.ß
follows:
At Bay Street Fire Hall-Foreman of
hose section, Joseph Lamb; three mem-
bers of hose section, one driver of hose
cart, one one horse hose cart, oue foremaI

LANDl\IAHK
OF TOROXTO.

607

of cht>mical ('n
inc section. one driver of I ùt>r truc.k. cOIDI?lete with ladùers. etc.. one
chemical engine and two men, one double steam fIre engllle.
cylinder chemical engine. one steam fire I At Yonge Street Fire Hall, North End
engine. engineer, fireman and driver. A88istant Ch.ief. Willi::m Villiers ; foreman
At Portland
treet Fire Hall. West End of hooe section. W. W. Fox; three mem-
A,.;sif'billt Chief, Joseph Davis; foreman bel'S of hose section. oue driver of hogI'
of hose section. William Ashfield; three I waggon. one two horse hOBe waggon.

_ ___. _____ ._
_-=----J
--=--

---
----=-- -
--;.;... -

CENTRAL FIRE HALL, LOM'1,\RD STR::ET-ER}<
CTED 1886.

members of hose section. one driver of I At Berkeley Street Fire Hall-Foreman
hose cart. one combination double cylinder of hose flection. John C. Noble; three mem-
chemical engine and driver; foreman of bel'S of hose section. one driver of hose
No.2 hook and ladder section, R. Irwin
· cart. one one horse hOBe cart.
eight members of No.2 hook and ladder I At Lombard Street :Fire Hall-Deputy
section. one driver of No.2 hook and lad- chief, John 'l'hollipeon; foreman of hose
del' truck. one two horse hook and lad- section, W. J. Swift; three mcmbcra of

608

LA
D
lARKS OF TOROXTO.

h()@e Election. one driver of hose cart. one I of bose section, W. A. Aucbincl06s; thre

one-borae h0/3e cart. Foreman of hook and membprs of hose section. one driver of hose
ladder section No.1. W. .1. Smith; ten cart. one one-borse hORe cart.
members of book amI ladder 6ection NO' 1 At \\ïltOIl Avenue Fire Hall-Foreman
1. one drIver of hook and ladder truck. ot hose l5ection. :Frank Smith; three
one two-horse ladder truck. complete; one memberR of hose section. one driver of hose
Babcock aerial turn-table book and ladder cart. one one-horse hose cart.
truck anù extension ladder. complete. At Dundas Street :Fire Hall-Foreman

.

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::,--:; ::;::=-

FIRE HALL NO. 15-cOWAN AVENUE-BUILT 1880-AKNEXED TO CITY 1889.
witb ladders. hooks. axes. door openers. I of hose f3ection. A. Charlton; three lllem-
crow-bars. lampe. etc.; one driver of I bers of booe flection. one driver of hose
aerial truck and onE' tiller man; one I cart. oue one-boree b0/3e cart.
"Champion .. water tower. and on
steam At Rose Avenue Fire Hall-Foreman of
fire engine. en
ineer. fireman anl driver. hose section. C. O. Arda,gh; three mem-
At Queen Street Fire Hall--:Foreman of i bers of hose I!ection. one driver of hose
h()@e section. Frank Forsyth; three mem- cart. one one-borf!e ho.<;e curt.
bers of h08e section. one driver of hose At Bolton Avenue l-'ire Hall-Foreman
secti<m. one two-horse hose waggon. I of hose Rection. .James Ashfil'ld : four mem-
At College Etr
!'t Fire Hall-Fa:-eman bel's of Lose section. one drive, of hnsp

LA:ND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

609

waggo n . one two-horse bose waggon. one I boae section, Robert Tbom;pson; tbree
hook and ladder waggon equipped find mell}be
of hoee eection, one driver of
manned, with W. A. llrown foreman. hose waggon, one one-horse hose waggon.
At Yorkville Avenue Fire Hall-Fore- , At OMington avenue fire hall-Forem8Jl
man of hook and ladder section No.3, of hoae I!ection, R. Schoales, three mem-
Charle8 Smedley j scven members of book bel's of hose section, one driver of hose
and ladder eection No.3, one driver of waggon, one one-horse bOAe waggon; fore-

RIC'lL4RD ARDAGH-DIED JAJSUARY 27, 1895.
hook and ladder truck. one twc:rhorse book I man of hook and ladder sootion, No. 4.,
and ladder truck, complete j foreman of I Joseph Donnelly, four members of No. 4:
bose 8E:ction, John Smith; three members hook and ladder eection, one driver, one
of hose section, one driver of hose cart, I hook and ladder waggon.
one two-l1orse hæe cart. At Cowan avenue fire hall-Foreman of
At Brock avenue fire hall-Foreman of hose section, George H. Ford; three mem-

610

LAKIJ
L\.RK
OF TOROXTO.

bers of hose eection, one driver of hose I Fire Brigade called at the hOW'le to
cart one one-horse hose cart. view the fa
e of the man who sacri-
Se
eral members of the fire brig:ule fieed hi"! life to his duty as a public ser-
'Were killed while in the faithful discharge vant. Mrs. Ardn.gh re,luested that floral
of their hazardous duties. The death roll tribute3 should not be sent, but, althoug!!.
d the brigade ccntaip,s the followiug no flowers were displayed, sßveral beau-
names: tHul offeriDg8 were received.
William Thornton, a member of one of . The casket was of cedar, covered with
the vo:unteðr compani('s. WfuCI fatally in- !me,
lack b.roadcloth, and uphol8te

jurf'd on Kovember 22ud, 1848, wh.ile m whIte eatm. On the t
p and ends
"0 -king at a fire in a block of brick we
e emblems of the MasonIC Order, of
buildings on the south side of King ,WhiCh deceased.
a.s a member. The
street, known as the City Buildings, han
leg were OXidized bars of the ex.
O.i'l
ite St. Jamcs' cathedral. His skull !eusI?oU .patteru, and the plate bore the
waS fractured by a heavy stoue falling lDSCr\ptIon:
()..1 him. HICHAHD. ATIDAGH,
Frederick Lepper, a member of No. 6 _ Died
Ihnd Engin
Company, was killed in 1858 '21th. Jan.. 18U5,
<lit- a fire on the north-cast corner of Ade- In his 63rd ;rear.
hide street and S.totesbu
'y's lane, a 8hort Mrs. Ardagh having been confined to
distance east of the present post-office her bed fo.' two days, on her B.C-
building. count the services at the housl' were
William CLarlton, assistant chief of the made all 8bort as poosible. U('v. Dr.
YOlullteer brigade, diNI on July 10th, Henderson, of Carlton street church,
1866, from the effect of injuries received where the chief attended, made a tihort
on July 4th of the same year at a fire on addre is toU{
hing upon the life and char-
the east t'ide of Yonge street nearly op- acter of him in whose last honaul' they
po<ite Trinity square. were assembled. An earnest invo
atiou
James Kidd, lÜ:led September 17th, and the reading of a hymn colllpleteù
1869, at a fire on the north-east Corner the ceremony.
of Queen and Esther etreets. The pall-bearers were Acting Ohiel
,} ames Phillips, foreman of No.4 section, Graham, Assistant Chief ThOID.p8on, Ald.
(1i-.d September 15th, 1879, from illness nell, ex-chairman of t
e Fire and Light
contracted while working at a fire in Committee; Ald. George McMul'rich,
Davies' packing house, caused by inhal- chairman of the Fire and Light Com-
inö; the fumes of burning saltpetre. mitteð; Aubrey White, mMter of King
William hlhfield, brother of James Ash- So
omon's Lodge, A. F. & A. M.; Samuel
field, died O
tober 5, 1880, from injuries Holliugt4worth, and two membe1'8 of Ex-
received at a fire in Beard's elevator. celt;ior Lodge, A.O.U.W.
Thomas Chartere died April 14th, 1881, Many members of the old volunteer
from injuries sustained while working at Fire Brigade were present, and Ald.
a fire in Hamilton's foundry. A. Stevenson, chairman of the Firc Com-
John Davis died July 10th, 1884, from mitte! of the Montreal Council, and
injuries received by the overturning of a Asi3Ístant Chief Engineer Bueking'l:.tam, of
bose reel while a.nswering an alarm of the Montreal Fire Brigade, Wl're amüng
fire. the prominent outBiders noticed.
Albert Gilbert was killed July 16th, A!bout twenty-five members of King
1884-, by the collapse of the roof of a Solomon Lodge, 22, A.F. & A.M., were
burning stable at the corner of Parlia- present, as well as a representation fr

ment and Sydenham streets. Excelt;ior Lodge, A.O. U. W.
Tbomas Everißt, killl'd April 24, lSDO, The pro
CßsiOll was very lengthy, tbe
by falling through an elevator shaft in route taken lr
ing by Gerrard, JarvÍß,
Pears' spic(' mill on the corner of Yonge Bloor and Yonge strcets, to Mount Plea-
and Alexander street durin'
the progress eant Cemetery.
of a fire in the bu.ilding. _ Thl' following- is a complete roll of
Robert Bov.:rey, killed January 6,
89,), tbe Toronto }'ire Brigade on September
under a fallmg wall at the Globe fIre. 1st. 1 SÐ3 :_
Riehard Ardagh, Chief of the Fire Bri- Officl'rs-Thomas graham, chief; John
gade, dicd January 27 from injuries 8US- Thompson, assistant chief; J06eph Davis,
!.ained at the Globe fire in jumping, West District chief; Wm. Villiers, North
along with Foremen Forsyth and Smed- DiBtrict chief; Donald Gibson, 8uperin-
ley, from the third storey of one of the tendent fire alarm telegraph; John S.
burning buildings. Craig, assistant !Superintendent fire alarm
Chief Arda.gh's bod:r lay in the par- telegraph; IL J. McGowan, secretary of
lour of his home on Sher'bourne stI'e-l't, department.
and many citizens and moot of the Chl'mical Lngine No.1, Bay anò Tem-

L\ND.\IARKS OF TORûX.
'
>.

611

perance I9tre..ets-Robert Hunter, foreman; i street-W. J.
wift, fo:eman; S. Price,

. Sweetman, Thomas Graydon, John I Robert Green, ThomaB (À)rbett, D. Mc-
'Vard, hasemen; A:thur Lucas, driver; Lean, basemen; Alfred Everist, driver.
Thomas Doughty, caretaker and mes- Hose Section No.6, John and Queen
senger. streets-Frank Forsyth, fareman; James
Hose Section No. I, Bay and Temper- Forsyth, Moses Tbompson, James Gordon,
ance streets-J03eph Lamb, foreman; W. Crawford, b08enH'll; D. Nolan, driver.
Thomas Spence, David Hf'ddick, Alfred Hose Section No.7, 220 Wilton avenue-
Potter, hasemen; I. Cluff, driver. F. Smith, foreman; Robert H. Sargent,
Hose and Chemical Section
o. 2-W. I W. C. Patter;;:on, George Worrell, hose-

TIIO
IAS GRAHAM, CHIEF OF BRIGADE, APPOI
TEO 1895.

F. Aebfield, foreman; A. W. Smith, W. ! men; George Sinclair, driver.
J. Farley, H. Atkinson, Joe. Spence, hooe- " Hose Sectiou 1'\0. 8, COlner College etreet
men; H. Hamilton, driver. and Be:levuc avenue-We A. AuchellCllo:;&!!,
Hooe Section No.3, 4871-2 Yonge, foreman; Archibald Crawford, GC'orgl)
street-W. W. Fox, foreman; James J. ! King, II. Atkimon, hose men; D. W. Slaight,
Creighton, Thoma,S R. Joncs, Thomas J. ' driver.
Pointon, hooemen; David Gordon, driver. \ Hose Section No.9, 10 Dundas I9treet-
Hase Section No 4, Duke and Berkeley I A. Charlton, foreman; ThomM Tate, John
streets-John C. Noble, foreman; Wm.! Taylor, Geo:'ge Wilke.;, h03em
u; H. W.
Crawford, John Coulter, James Harris, I Matson, dri\er.
hool'men; A. Gates, ùriver. I Hoop. Sl'ctiOll So. 10, 20 Yorkvillc avenue
Hose :::;cction
o. 5, 110 Lombard -J O
l;l
lllith, fO!'em
ln; n. Pollard, Fred.

Cl2

LAXIßIARKS OF TORONTO.

Milligan, "'illiam L'l."uenc
bosemen;
William Aldous. driver.
Hose Section
o. 11, 170 RO"'e a -venup-
Charles O. Ardagh. foreman; Thoma.
Dea-
('on, William N. Cro""!, \Y. Collard, ho..
- A III"tor, of F.\'f'r,' .'Ire of Any IlUportan('e
men; Edward Hill, driver. nblcb bas Ilnppened In 1'oronto since If'!
H06e Section No. 12, corner Bolton and .'onndaUon.
Allen avenues-J. S. A<jhfield, foreman;
.1 ames Cooke, John Lynch, Henry Jones, Since the day.s when Gove
nor Simcoe's
J. Fallon, b02emen; John Batkin, driver. tent ar08e besIde the placId waters o

nose Scetion No. 13, 318 Brock avenue I Toronto bay, there have been lll
nJ
-HObel.t Thompson, forpman; Joseph Col- changes in the congeries of houses wh.lCh
lard, James Brennan, Michael Teedy, hO'3e- haB followed the first canvas dwellmg
men; 1L Gibson, driver. IJlaceB.
H06e Section No. 14, Osaington
venue In the down-town district there are few
and Bloor street-Richard Schoalee, fore- l5ites which have not been, at øome time
QUan; Henry Leach, Alexander Auchen- or other, under the sway of the flame
clo
s, Thomað Ewart, hose men; .James king that was consuming the buildings
Jones, driver. that stood upon them. In the old days
Hose Section. No. 15, Cowan avenue and the fire appliances were primitive and
Queen street-H. G. Ford, foreman; C. S. inefficient. In 1838, according to the
C. Toplis, W. H. Quinn, T. L. Connolly, British Colonist newspaper, the city pos-
booemen; W. T. StevemoI?-' driTver. I ses.;;ed a volunteer fire brigade.. with
ne
Hook and Ladder secÌlon No.1, and engine, probably of the old . break er
Aerial Turn-table Tru
k No. 1,
m- down" type, and two hook and ladder
bard street, near Jarvu-W.
. SmIth, companies, with hose carts. The regu-
foreman; Thom
. .Worrell, tIlle!.m
n; l Iars stationed in the city. gave assistance
John T. Brown, 1\ llham Ru.'!ßell, \'\ Jlham at all fires of any magmtude. The com-
Rogers, laddermen; Charles Dickin, tiller- manding officera were invariably wiBi
g
man: Matthew McCartney, James Hart, that their men should turn out and aid
eharles A. AdaIIl5on, Robert Foster, Wil- the citizeIlB in their work of subduing
liam Sleeth, JOBeph Fleming, W. Hardy, A. the flames. It is recorded in the British
Robertson, laddermen; Alexander Gunn, Colonist, of 1839, that in October of that
driver aerial: M. Sawdon, driver H. find year a fire broke out in a dwelling in
L.: 'I'homas Wi lli alllil, driver of engine; the weatern outskirts of the city. The
Thomas Croucher, engineer of engine. rl'gulars "doubled" to the blaze and
Hook and Ladder No.2, corner Port- hud the flames extinguished, by means
laud trtreet and Farley avenue-R. Irwin, I of buckpts fiBI'd from the Garrison creek,
foreman; ilirneJius 'Burns, Thomas Davis, before the brigade arrived.
A. Co
hra?-e, W. H. .
aunders, w.
ayid- The newspapers of that remote period
ron, H. MIddleton, ". J. Farley, Wllha.m. did not give their readers the full and

leeth.
. Graha
,. S. To
rnley, ladder- ably written accounts of fires that are
mf'U; WIlham Plulhps, drlyer. . to be found in the daily journals of the
Hook and Ladder No.3, 1'...orkv1l1e ave., present time. The amount of insurance
near .Y?
w;e street-Char}e;;
medley, f?re- is very seldom given, and the other par-
JIlan. I honH1." &ott. Samue
:McGo"" B;n, ticulars are very meagre.
,JoI
n MCCol"llllCk
Ed
'ard HoblllSOD, Damel The first fire of any importance that
Bailey, Arthur Evenst, .J. W. Beatty, lad- t k I .. . Y k (T nt ) was in the
d(>nnen: F. RU8-ell. drIver. 00 puce m o
oro 0
H()()k and Ladder No.4, Os:;ington ave.- la
t da
rs of April, 1813,. when the Am-
.Joseph Donnf'llv. foreman: 'V. J. Ke, arn_<j eriCan forces
ook p03Be
slOn of t
town
J. ('oIDmefOI'(}. 'w. A. Calhoun, George Bell, and thought lÌ a . portIon o
t
eIr duty
laddennen: J. A. Mcqueen, driver. ì? burn the Parhalll
nt bmldmgs, the
Hook and Ladder No.5, Bolton avenue- h
rary and
he p
bhc do
u
e
t6 con-
"'. A. Brown, foreman; Thomas Sargl>nt, t
uned therem. I hese bUl
dl
gs were
A. Sargent, H. Batkin, W. Winter, ladder- sItuated on the bay front wIthm.. very
. W D bbi d 'ver few yar<ls from the shore on the spot
men, . 0 n, n . where now ends Parliament street. In the
celebrated letter (State paper indeed it
lllay be called) of the Venerable Arch-
deacon John Strachan, of York, to Presi-
dent Thomaß Jefferson, they are spoken
I of as being "two elegant halls with con-
venient officet!," and Dr. Scadding de-
scribes them as "having consisted of two
I separa te edifices or halls." They were
united by a covered pa.ssaite or colon-

CHAPTER CXCVII.
FIRES FROM EARLY TIMES.

LA,
lnIA,ln
s OF TORO
TO.

Gl3'

nad-e
llld hall beeli built ahout s.eventÆ>en nparly oppo."ite 1\11'. Ketchum's bouse, on
years, when they wcr.' Imrnel1 on that the north-west ('orner of Yonge and Ade-
diee memorabiIio;; for York and its in- laid

Btr('et!O. It destroyed the lhwllings
habitants April 28th, 1813: : of nay & MeTurk, rabiiIet makers; ,Bell,
From 17!)3, when the city was foundt'd, tallow chaIHll
'r ; Lacki
, baker ; J
owman,
until the latter "twputÏL''s'' and early groccr, and
le8
rs. Kes8<Jn & Co.. paper-
"thirties," newBpapers wer,' Reant to
h iil lwngers and uphol"tl'rpI'!O. Onp life was
quantity and in quality, and we han' lost, that of a boy nalIwd Struthers, who
,:carcely any recorÙ3 of "hat fires. if I was burw'd to death. }lr. Bowman was
:IllY there were, which to:>k plac!' in York I insurpd for :;:3.000, Mr. Lackie for $1,000.
or itB immediate neighbourhood. I The Patriot, in referring to the work of
On th(' laBt day but one of thí' year I the fil'pmen. Baid:
1824 the aeeond Parliament buildings " 1'0 >;peak in adequate terms of praise
which had been erpctl"d on the same Bite of Ou!' fire and hook and laddpr companips
as thæe de.stroyed in 1
13. were entirely " woaltl requil'e another pen than ours, It
ùestro:red by fire, "but this time." Ba
's would be dimcult in any city to organize
Dr. Scadding, "not by the hand of an a bod,v of mpn who. by their general scorn
invading foo, but by a fire originating of danger, could be better fitted to en-
in an overheated flue," Thí' lo."'I:! wa." counter and I'epresH a tempeat of devour-
estimated at 1:2,00i) or $8.000. The fur- in
flamps."
niture and library, Buch as it was. were I ,. Anothi'r pen tban ourB" and "tem-
sa ved, but Borne papers and journals Jll'st of de, oudng flame" are very fine
rJoeril9hed. fi'
ures of speech. but how utterly absurd
On Thursday. September 27, 1827, the thl'Y read now.

Iansion Hou
e TIotel, which was .unten- I At 2 o'clo:'k on the morning of Septem-
anted, and SIX ot
er houses, oc<:upled. by bel' 18th. 1834, a firc broke out in the
Mes'3l'S: Moore, NIChol, Hunter, Pat.rlck. rear of the prpmises of Messrs. Monro,
Hutchmson and
IrA.. Berry, were entlrel)' ErBkinl' and Burnham. on King stre!'t,
destroy
d. The

an<;lOn House
!l
on th{' sUllpoõed to have cOlllmenet'd in the bake
north BIde of h,lllg f'treet, adJollllIlg thí' houAe 0: Mr. Erl'kine, which was a de-

rth-we!'t corner of that thoroughfare tached buildill
in the rear of his hou"e
with
rIl!ceBs stree.t. Of th,e other Auf- and shop. In a I'hort time it spread to
f
rer8 It IS not lIOI'5Ible to gIve any 1,d.r- hi, hou,;e, and al>;o to the extensÏ\'e prem-
tlcularB. . iSl's of Hilas Burnham. wholesale and re-
. Å Bmall. hre took pla.cí' :\Ia
' 30'0. 1829 , I tail merchant, and 'from them to the
m th. e c
bmet w?rksho p -; of a.
lr. (
l

ert, " IU'í'lllisl"\ of Webh. the Bboemaker. The
on Newgate atIeet. It caused consider- prop!'rty destroyed was of great value.
able da
age. ,. thp hOWI.''1 and I>hOPH of En;kine, Burnham
E.arly I.n the summer
f 1
2
, the hl<;- , and WL'bb WeI"!' completely destroyed as
tonc resldl'nce of
he hrst LleutL'nant- i was a f'mall wa rphout!L', the property of
Governor, General Suncoí', was bUl'ned to ' George )lunro. These I'hoJl6 were on the
the ground. Castle Frank, for t'() the ! south side of King street immediately
hOll8e was called, was on the westpru I weBt of George street. ·
bank of the Don, at the northern eed of
Parlhment Btreet. It was not iu use at I On the night of February 5th, 1836.
the time of itB del'truction, and was sup- I two s.erious fires occurred .in Toronto. In
posed to have been set on fire by Bome the hrst CMe a house sItuated on the
fishennen. eaßt corner of Lot (Queen) and Tt'raula,v
On Saturday, August 3rd, 1833, th!' streets, ?Ccupied by lIr. ,
tobert E
er
;
steamer Canada was partially burned I was enhrely deBtroyed, and nothlllg,
while lyin , g at Feehan'a Wha , rf. 1'he I say
the Toron
o Courier, "but the ext
a-
flames were di<;:covered by her mMt!'r. ordllla
y exe
tlOlli! of
nr ever actIve
Captain Richardson, and after about half I an
,s
dlful fJre c.omI}alll
f! prevented the
an hour's work they were subdued by the I adJolUlllg houses from belUg awcpt away
firemen. I by the conflagration."
On the morning of .January 31. 1834, I The second fire broke out on the corner
the atore of A. Macdonald, auctioneer of King and Georl!e atreets, when a. la.rge
and commission merchant, on Kiug Atreet, unoccupied two Btorey dwelling hOU:'It'
WU8 totally destroyed. The loss was large, and fonr or five outhouseo;;, the property
:\Iacdonald only being insured for a small of :\11'. George Dn:!
an; an outhouse con-
amount. taining .several huudred buah{'ls of grain,
The morning of February 22nd, 1834, the pro}X'rty of \YilIiam Foster; a tit able
York witceoRsed a fire, which, to quote the belonging to Geor
e Monro, and an-
Patriot, waa a "conflagration more ex- othcr bt'lon
ing to U
rs. Armstrong
teIl8ive and calamitou., than it had hith- & Beatty were totally cOIlBnmed.
erto 8uff
rec1." It broke out about on{' A company of thp l;:;th IlR 6 iment, un-
o'clock, on the east side of Yonge stI'eet, del' Captain Temple, r('ndercd valuable

614

LAND:\IARKS OF TOROXTO.

service in protecting the property which
was taken out of the houses and in keep-
ing open a passage for the water carts
through the crowds of people who had
collected. None of the property was in-
sured.
A destructive fire again broke out in
the city on the night of Monday, March
7th, 1836. which de.stroyed the greater
part of the block of buildings on the
E:outh side of King street, east of the
Market equare, extending from Robert
Ha wke's clothing warehouse to the
Crown Inn and Courier office on New Nel-
son (now Jarvis) street. The fire broke
out in a three' storey brick building, the
property of Christopher Elliott, occu-
pied by John Sproule M a grocer's store
and dwelling houoSe. The flamel! sprea.d
rapidly both eMt and we>st, and in about
three hours the hOUBe and store of Robert
Hawke to the CHist of John Sproule's and
the three storey brick building on the
west, occupied by William Stennett a8 a.
l8ilversmith's shop and dwelling house,
as we 11 ail that of Robert Sproule, were
eacrificed, as wel) a.'i all the sheds, barns
and other outbuildings in the rear of the
block from Robert Hawke's to the walls
of the Courier office a nd Crown Inn,
neither of which was injured. William
Stennett and Robert Sproule were both
partly protected from loss by insurance,
but Hawke's and Elliott were not. Two
of the members of the fire companieB were
severely injured at this fire, notably
Robert Emery, captain of the hook and
ladder company, who was eeriomly in-
jured by a fall from the roof of one of
th9 hou
es during the fire.
Captain Temple and twenty men of the
l:Jth Regiment w
re on the ground and
did good service in protecting property.
On February 8, 1838, a fire broke out
in the premises of Mr. Musson, 145 King
Btreet east, nOW 75, which was easily sub-
dued after 1:100 damage had been done.
The Colonist says that "fortunately the
flames were discovcred at the noon hour,
when most of th!' members of the (fire)
companies were at their dinner. Conse-
quently they were speedily on hand. It
is a matter for regret that some em-
ployers are reluctant about allowing
their men to leave their work for this
very necessary service." The Coloni8t
office in 1853 WM; in this building.
The n
xt fire recorded is in May, 1838,
when a row of several houses in March
street, the owner's name not being given,
were set on fi re by some person8 un-
known. The buildings being of wood, they
were totally consumed. The police made
diligent efforts to find the incendiaries,
but were unsuccessful in their search.
Very meagre particulars are given of
the burning of Fan's brewery in Lot

street, Augus't 11, 1838. This building
was afterwards the M08s and Wallis, and
later the Cornell brewery, on the south
side of Queen street, opposite the Bickford
property of Gorevale. The I08S was
estimated at í300, a downfall of rain
making it impossible to gain much head-
way. In assisting to extinguish the
flames Mr. E. Jarvis had hi8 right arm
broken, and Mr. Lacoste, a visitor to the
city, was aeverely burned about the head
and shoulders. Two horscs were burned
to death.
A name that is still well known in
Toronto i8 that of Rogert'!. On August 30,
1838, Mr. .Joseph Rogerø' hat manufac-
tory, r-io. 111 King øtreet e8.8t, the second
door from the south-east corner of King
and Church I8treet, was burned. The
dama ge WM
1,000 and the houses
adjoining were I8corched. In thi8
fire the new hook and ladder appar-
atus ðid 8uch good work that the
City Council decided to purcha8e a
similar one if the old one could be sold
to 80mI' other corporation. Mr, Rogerø. it
is recorded, was on a buying trip to
Montreal at the time. An advertisement
in an adjoining column states "that not-
withstanding the fire, Mr. Joseph Roger8
will resume business as soon a8 a con-
venient and satisfactory building can be
obtained." Thus it is to be seen that
even at that early day Toronto mer-
chants were alert aud progressive.
.January 9th, 1839, witnessed the> de-
øtruction by fire of St. .James Cathedral,
erected in 1830, on the Bite of a former
wooden church. It was a stone building,
measuring in its interior about 100 x 75
feet, but had never been wholly complet-
ed. It contained an excellent organ. pre-
øented to the church by Hon. J. H. Dunn,
Receiver-General of the province, ,which
also peri
hed, as did a stained glass win-
dow, beloved by Torontonians, but exe-
cra tí'd by outsiders, as being "in vile
tawdry taste." The 103B was covered by
insurance.
The year 1839 seems, excepting the
burning of the Cathedral, to have been
singularly free from fires. Only one
other blaze is recorded-a small fire on
March street, in a house belonging to
Mr. T. G. Ridout. No eerious damage WM
done, the flames being extingui8hed by
the use of a few pails of water.
In the burning of the steamer Burling-
ton on March 30, 1840, the city had a
gpneral sell8ation. The Burlington, a
side-wheel steamer, costing 1:16,000, had
come up the lake with a mixed cargo,
including, amongst other article.e, two
barrels of gunpowder. "She caught fire
while lying at the Government wharf,"
the prefICnt Queen's wharf. The ColoniRt
report reads, "and the Fire Brigade

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

615

started to subdue the flames. It became : 1 a blaze. The fire brigade could do littÌe
rumoured that the gunpowder was on on account of the high wind, and the
!.Joanl and the firemen felt some trepida- tavern was totally destroyed. The los

tion about going to the wharf, until one is not mentioned, nor is the name of the
of the hands employed on the Burlington I proprietor. A month later, on the 7th
6tated that the powder had been landed lof August, Wood
' tavern kitchen, .. in
at Port Darlington, to which place it Colborne street, late Market lane," was
had been consigned. It was with much burned. The loss was about i:2õ. Two
ùifficulty that the firemen got the flames stables in the rear were also burned.
under control. The fine deck-works were The largest conflagration which the
destroyed and the engines were serious- city had yet seen occurred on August
Iy damaged. The total loss will be:- 22, 1843. The fire started in the rear
"hir, í2,000: cargo (about), í500." of the King Alfred tavern on King street
The loss on the next fire was very west, and extended back to Broad lane.
lar
e, amounting to i:4,OOO. On Dec. 2, A tract about one hundred yards square,
1841. the large iron and stove foundry containing twenty houses, was burned.
of Good & Co., on the east b"ide of Yonge The damage was í4,000. The great ma-
f1treet, where now stands the Musee :Music jority of the houses destroyed were occu-
Hall, was burned through the overturning pied by working people, who lost every-
of a lamp. Several frame hOUBes which thing. The firemen did good service in
stood near by were also consumed. Mr. preventing the spreading of the flaml's,
Good gave employment to nearly 50 handB, but it was impoasible to extinguish the
who were thrown out of work. The build- original blaze. The King Alfred tavern
ing was of frame, and, as it contained had only lately been re-furnished at a
much combUBtible material, it was im- cost of í450. A subscription was startl'd
possible to save it. The firemen suffered by the citizens, and i:210 was raised to
extremely from the bitter cold, and their help the people who had been burned out.
hoae was frozen several times. The None of the names of these people are
amount of insurance is not given. mentioned.
On May 6, 1842, Metcalf's machine On Octobpr 25, lRi3. fiV!' houses belong-
shop, on the south side of Lot (Queen) inu; to a Mrs.
lorri80n, on the 5outh-west
street, between Yonge and Victoria Bide of Lot (Queen) and New (now Nelson).
streets, formerly occupied as the House streets, were burned. A servant maid
of IndUBtry, was damaged to the carelessly left a shovelful of live coal

amount of i:250. The origin of the fire on the floor, and one of the houses caught
is unknown, but the C-oloniBt stated that fire. the flames extending to the others.
several suspicioue-looking coloured men The 10613 was í2,000.
had been seen about the vicinity some On Saturday, February 10th, 18.1!,
time ago. They had fUlked for work, but, Jacques & Hay's largí' upholstery build-
not being practical men, they were re- ing, at the south-í'ast corner of King and
[used. The police arrested a coloured Bay streets, was burní'd. The building was
man the next day on a charge of being storí'd with much varnish, turpentine rind
one of the incenùiaries, but, it being im- I similar goods used in a furniture factory.
possible to prove anything against him, The loas was OVí'r i:3,000. and there was
he was let go.
lr. T. Armstrong, th(' i:l,100 insurance. The origin of the fire
secretary of the hook and ladder com- was unknown. In this crise the reg111ar

pany, received such injuries at this fire did excellent work in saving goods antI
that he WWl laid up for twelve months. in assisting the Rmall police force ill
Six brick buildings at the south-weRt keeping the spectatore back. Mr. John
Corner of Richmond and Church streets Jacques was injured by falling timbers,
were totally delltroyed by fire in July 5, but recovered. The fire engine lately
184-2. As in the preceding fire. the cause iH purchased proved to be of great value.
not given, while the loas is approximated On December 10, 1844, the Poat Office
at f4,OOO. One of the dwellings was oc- tavern and stables on Yonge street were
cupied by a Ca.pt. Masterson, who was partially deghoyed. The origin of the
'Very ill, and who had to be carried to fire was incendiary. William Hoss, the
the 5treet with only a blanket thrown firebug. was arrí'sted. and was sent to
around him. Thí' British Colonist says penitentiary for five years.

hat the eick gentleman suffered no in- On WedneRda;y, 14th August, 184-1, a
JUI'y, the weather being very warm. The fire broke out on the eorner of Yonge
name of the owner of the houses is not and what was then Lot. now Queen
given. street east, which destroved prop-
On .Jun
5,1843, the Blue BOllnet tavern. erty to the extent of $25,000 or
:-It the north-east Corner of Lot and Sayer $30.000. The lirí' was
upposed to
f;tr<.'ets, was burned. The fire was Htnrt- have started in the rear of the Rob
ed in the kitchen, and when the house- Hoy House, in some ",tables. Owing to
hold awoke they found the premÍ!5es in 'the bigh wind and scarcity of water,

616

LAND
L-\RKS OF TOROXTO.

the flames spread quickly among the I an alarming extent before the firc en-
woodell buildings in the vicinity, and I gines arrived on the scenc, and when
in less than half an hour the Hob Hoy they did arrive the supply of watel' was
House and the four houses adjoining ver
' limited. Before long Mr. Brewer's
80uth on Yonge street were totally I book bindery was enveloped in flames,
de1Jtroyed. It was feared that the and from thence the fire ran south to-
flamea would spread to the other wards the post office, burning Mr. Ber-
aide of Yonge street, but they were! rzy's stables, and placing the post office
aaved from dCðtruction by the coolness building in great danger. It was hoped
and energy of the firemen, headed by that the progrc8B of the flames would
the Mayor. The violence of the fire be sta
red at this point; but, in spite of
may be judged from the fact that all efforts, the rear premiseB of Messrs.
though the houses consumed were all Korris, chinaware merchants; Mr. Wake-
substantial buildings, they were com- field. auctioneer; MesBrs. Wightman &
pletelJ" burnt down in less than an hour Co., drapers; Messrs. Wragge & Co"
from the time the fire started. hardware merchants; Mr. R. H. Brett,
The Rob Roy House was situated on general merchant; Messrs. Thomas lUg-
the south-east corner of Yonge and Queen ney & Co., general merchants; a vacant
streetH, on the spot where now stands storE'. and the jewellery store of Messrs.
the branch of the Imperial Bank. Rossin Bros. were Boon all a prey to
The sufferers by this fire were: Mr. the devouring element.
Metcalfe, founder, partly insured; )Ir. B
' great exertione the store of Rigney
Alexander McGregor, house and t'otock, in- & Co. was saved from destruction, but
sured for $2,500: Mr. Berry, tavernkeep- the fire caught the main building of
er; Mr: Joseph Hodg:,on, tinHmith; Mr. Messrs. Wragge, and extended to Mr.
Stephenson saddler, and Mr. Usher, gro- Brett's two stores, and to that of MesBrB.
cer. The amount of insurance on these Rossin Bros., and the four handsome
laat is not stated. brick buildings were completely dc-
On J anllary 4th, 1845. a slight blaze stroyed. Three other large stores were
damaged the housl' nml furnitur!> of :\Ir. all on fire, but were ultimately saved.
James Watkin
. 105 Richmond street Most of the loss caused by this fire waB
west. now. K<>: 160, who was tax collector I coyered by insurance, the great
st losers
for the dl8tnct. He was fully insured. bemg Mr. Brett and :\Iessrs. lbgney.
On Monday, January 6 1845 a fire I Mr. Brett's stock amounted to $35,000,
broke out at Messrs.
fet
alfe & 'Cheney's insurance about $20,000. Messrs. Rig-
pail manufactory, Chllrch street, on the ney: were insured. for about $30,000,

ast sid
, near Qucen street east. .do- I WhICh covered theIr loss.

ng considerable damage. For a hme I The papers expl'esAed great dissatis-
It was feared that the flames would I faction at the inadequate supply of water
spread to a great extent, but the activ- I on this occltQion, and at the fact that a
ity of the firemen prevented much dam- I regiment of foot soldiers were in the
age to the neighboring property. The garrison and not one of them was pre-
1088 was fully covered by insurance. sent at the fire. }Iuch thankfulm'sf! was
No fire of allY importance occurred un- felt that the night was so still: had the
til Friday, May 9, 1845, when a dis- wind been high it is impossible to say
astrouB blaze destroyed much valuable wher(> the fire would have stopped.
property between Church and Yonge )!uBson, the tinsmith, mentioned ahov!',
etreets. At about a quarter past two resided and carried on business at 59
p.m. flames were seen il'!S'Uing from the King 8treet east,
ame pluce where J.
out-premises of William Musson, who D. King & CO.'B stllre is now. To the
previously was burnt February 8, 1838, west of his place of business, at No. 54,
a tinsmith on King stre!'t, from whence was the famous grocery cstablif3hment of
they spread rapidly to :\-IeB8rs. Smith & J. F. Smith and Duncan McDonell, which
McDonell's storeroom, which was filled afterwards became the office of the Col-
with oils, grocerieB and spirits, including onist newspaper, under the proprietor-
about 100 barrels of whiskey. The ex- ship of I'amuel Thompson, tmbseqnent to
ploding of these casks caused the flames the death of Hugh Scobie. On the BOuth-
to f'plead over the adjoining vacant Jots, I east corner of Leader lane and King
which burned for some time. There waR str('et was Brewer's stationery and book-
at that time a very wide space between binding estubHshmcnt, Ko. 48; on the
King stre(>t and the nt'xt parallel street I south-west corner was Kissock's, then
towards the bay-)Ial'ket street. The eame Norris' (44) china shop. Wightman
intervening space W8ß occupied, from & Co" the drapers, were at 42; William
Church to Yonge Mtreets, with wooden I Wakefield, the auctioneer, at 40; W. &
buildings. some of them very old. In J. CrOl18, Rigney & Co., amI then R. H.
the centre of these buildings the fire i Brett at 34, aud l{ossin BrOR., the jewel-
originated. The flames had spread to lcrs, at 32. Rigncy &, Co. were also on

LA
D
IARKH OF TOROXTO.

GI';'

the south side of King street, afterwards The fire jlL':;t mention('d was on the
rcmoving op!--'()SÏte to the south-west cor- f'outh side opposite to the sit!' now oc-
ner of Kinlg and 'lore-nto streets, cupied by the Confederation Life build-
On Tuesday, 4th November of the same ings.
y('ar. a large thrí'e-stol"ey warehouse on At Yorkville on Friday, Deccmb('r 11th,
ReI's' wharf was entirely destroyed. Its the l:Olh''IC and furniture of Mr. Walker,
contents consisted of a considerable the toll-keept'r, a few yards north of
quantity of salt and whiskey and other the present St. Paul's lIall, w('re de-
merchandise and were a total loss. The Btroyed, completing the list of fires for
Ie sseI' of the wharf, :\[r. Mc
IHlan, was the year 1846.
fully insured and the owner of the Sunday evening, ,January 10th, saw
goods partially 80. the first fire of 1847, when the grist
ReM' wharf was at the foot of Simcoe mill, brewcry and distillery of Messrs.
etreet, and bad been the property of the Thomas HelJi well & Bros., on the Don
well-known Dr. Ree". River, were completely destroycd: also
A great amount of damage was caused the dwclling house of Mr. Jos. Helliwell.
by a fire on King street, on Saturday The fire was first discovered about 11
evening, 1st March, 1846. The fire o'clock, when the roof of the cooler was
start!'d in
Ir. Webb's F:hoe stor(' , and seen to be in Hame8, which spread with
spread rapidly to the dry goods 8tOl"P amazing rapidity to the brewery and
of Me8.Brs. Creighton & Hall. Most of di
tillery, cOIlsuming them both. Th!'
the goods were removed and the flames flour mill caught next, and was, with
were got under control, though not be- the stone dwelling hOUBe of Mr. JOReph
fore they had occasioned some damage Helli well , completely destroyed. Mr.
to the chambers of Messrs. Smith, Crook EfU-.t,,-ood's paper mill was scorched, and
& Smith, barristers. The whole loss was only saved from destrnction with
was fully covered by insurance. No great difficulty. The loss was estimat-
cause could be assigned as to the origin ed at about $86,000, of which $;:),000
of the fire. only was covered by insurance.
Iany
Webb's store was at 28 King street of the workmen employed by Mr. Helli-
eaflt, almost on the site of the Golden well had all their clothes burnt, and all
Lion, and Creighton & HaU's was a little bad a narrow escape from being burnt
to the Wef't,
o. 24, where Mr. Creighton to death, as the sta irs in the houae where
resid
d. they slept, were corummed before they,
This same> month of
Iarch, 1846. saw woke.
another bad blaze, which occurred in I Helliwell's brewery was on the eastern
some new brick buildings on King street bank of the Dou, not fa r from where now
near the Temple Chambers. It was 8Up- oRtands Tay
or's paper mills. A full ac-
posed to be the work of incendiaries. In count of this weU known establishment is
two bour8 it destroved three fine brick giV(,ll in Volume 1. of Landmarks of 1.'0-
buildings, the prope
'ty of Hon. H. J. ronto.
Boulton, and another the property of ,Mr. A slight fire en John street, north of
HeIliweIl. All the property burned was Queen street west, on Sunday, April 4th,
covered by insurance. One fireman, 1847, destro.ved tbe house of Mr. G. A.
whose name could not be ascertained, Barbel', proprietor of the Herald neWB-
earned great praise by his courageouB paper. :\Ir.s. .i!arber aud her children e8-
conduct at this fire. caped with great diificuIty from the
The H. J. Boulton mentioned above was house, and all the furniture, etc., was
the occupant of Holla nd House, Borne- totally destroyed. The house, owned by
times kI:own as the Castle. Thomas HelIi- Hon. )11'. Cay1ey, was fnlly insured, but
well Wall a brewer and resided at 197 the furniture WLI'I a ùt'ad
0.'5S.
King street eailt. On April 11th, 1847, a fire broke out
On }Iay 5th, 1846. Richmond street, in the brewer;}" oWlIed by John Doel, on
was visited by incendiaries. The fire the north-wpst corner of Bay and Ade-
originated in the cabinetmakers' shop of laide str('et
. The fire engines were HOan

lr. Bell, which was entirely consumed. Oil the spot and about 200 barrels of beer
It then took a westerly direction to- which were dored in the cellar were
wards Yonge street, where it destroyed sa'{'ed. MI'. Doel's house eocaped unin-
the backs of some lar
e brick buildings, jmetl owing to the fact that they had a
occupied by
[e
rs. Bettridge, at the hand fire engine on the pre,mises. The
f'outh-east corner of Yongc and Rieh- hrewp(',y \nlS in,
1IT'ed in the Hmne Dia-
mond streets, and others. The upper trict Mutual fOl' $2.600 and in the JohDl'l-
etories of the house on the east side of town District for $2.000.
Yonge street, occupied by
lcsRrs. Thomp- Sunday seems to have been a fatal day
fon, Carbert, Lawson & Bell, were also for fires in Toronto in those day"', a8 on
much injured. The amount of loss ÍB not
unday morning, .\p("il In. 18-17, another
fully kDown. fire broke out in Mr. Hiram Piper'.

618

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

I
workshop on the east side of Yonge I consider the subject of getting a. bettel'
mreet, one door north of King, wa.ter supply, which, it seems, was bad-
which resulted in a considerable less ly needed.
of prOl-erty. After consuming Mr. The area covered by the ravages of
Piper's shop, the fire passed to a stable I thie fire was bounded on the north by
owned by Mr. Green, gunsmith, burning I QueI'D, 011 the e8l3t by Yonge, on the
it, along with a valuable horse and f:outh by Richmond and on the weet by
buggy. The fire then extended to the the g-ronnds surrounding Knox Chnrch.
premises of Mr. Robert Love, tlruggist, Of the sufferers by this fire Me!'lsrs.
and to the back premises of the houses Wiley, Carter, Leonard and Mather were
on King street, then occupied by Messrs. iusured in the Mutual. )11'. Mulholland,
Burgess, Lawson, Glassco and Xord- 81:othcr sufferer, wail insured in the
heimer, which were consurnl'd, with part I }Iontreal IIIBurance Company. Kno::i:.
of their contents. The losses on this Church wa.s insured for $1,600 in the
fhe amounted to about $6,000, of which Mutual, and Dr. Burn."ide. who had just
about $-1,500 was covered by immrauce. come to reside in the block, wa.e unin-
Piper's tillBmith shop was on the east sured.
t,1ide of YOUgð sh
et, Ko. 50, Borne three In
endiarism W38
aid to be the cause
(Joora to the north of King street. Green's I of the fire by which KnO::i:.'8 church and
more was a

n-known rendezv'ous for I nine dwelling hou!<es wel"e destroyed.
Rporting men, ofticem from the garriBol1 The tannery owned by Watson & Co.,
aUf I the youngpr class of farmers. After Yonge street, and situatí'd on the Kings-
retiring from blL"incss a" a gunsmith Mr. 1 ton road, three miles from town, was
Green entered the Goví'rnment service a.
entirely destroyed by fire on Thursday,
mail agent on the Allan liue. serving, .July 22, 18! 7. Loss unknown, but there
for many :rears. He died in Quebec early was no insurance.
in the pr
ent yea r (1895.) I A tragical occurrence in connectioll
A $3,500 blaze took place OD Saturday I with an attempt to set fire to soml'
evening, 8th .May, 1847, at the brick I premise
is reported in the Globe of Sat-
tannery owned and occupied by Mr. urday, September 4. 1841. On the pre-
.John Sterling, situated at the foot of vious Wednesday fire was seen iS8uing
York street, 200 feet 80uth of the pre- ,from the workshop of .Mr. Harpel'.
fJent Walker Hou
e. The fire hroke out in ' builder. on 107, north side of Richmond
the bark mill, and BOOn extended over the street west, but the flam
s were quicklY'
whole building. The prompt arrival of I ' got under. A watch was Bet 011
the fire engine and the plentiful 8upply the premisí's, and on Fritlay morn-
of watcr prevented the flames from I iug, about 3 o'clock, a man was
t5preading to the adjoining premÍBes. Mr. seen to climb the fence. and proceed to-
Sterling's loss was partially covered by warùs the shop. One of the watch,
insuran('e in the Etna company. .James Mullin, full owed him with a gun
-\t this fire a fireman "'.as injured by in his hand. Mullin met the man return-
a curt kt:ockinó him down and paæing iug, and called on him to surrender;, but
ov(>r him. receiving no answer, and perceiving a
A most del'!tructive fire occurred on flame in the direction of the shop, he
Sunday evening, May 31, 1847, by which raised his gun and fired. The fire wal'!
more than twenty families were ren- I'!peedily extinguished, but on examin-
OOre(1 homeless. The flames were first ation the man was found to be quite
discovered shortly before twelve o'clock I dead. The body was identified as that
ioouin
from a frame building on the I of William Somerset, of York township.
110rth side of Richmond street west, near I A small fire occurred on Friday, Nov.
the corner of Yonge street, occupied by I 19, 1847, in Messrs. Hice Lewis & Co.'s
James Wiley. .As the wind was blow- I building. The fire was extinguished after
ing Btrongly at the time, the fire soon about two hours' labor, its ravages being
i'preaù in all directioDJI. The east end confined to the cellar, where it orig-in-
of Knox Free Church WaB floon in flames, ated. The loss was about $3,500, mOßtl
.
and in one hour the edifice was burnt covered by insurance.
to the ground. ME'ß.uwhile the rear of Rice LewiB' wa
at 41 Kin
street east,
the hoUBc.
on Yonge street had caught 011 1h
nor1h-east corner of Torcnto Btre.>t.
fire, and in two hourI'! the whole range, No. I ''r"eHington buih1ing's, the historic
of brick and frame buildings from Rich- I .. Paddock" was known to everyone.
mond to Queen streets, with the cxcep- I The first fire of any importance in
tiOD of onc hri
k and one wooden store,
1848 happened on Tuesday, February 1.
w('re completely w>
troyed. Tbe l()@s by I when a block of buildings, from Rennie'R
this fire wa... eatimnted at about $10,500, I ' tavern on the north side of Front atrt'\'t,
of which not rnorÐ than $5,000 Wall cov- jU8t Wef!t of Church street, to Colborne
cre<<1 by insurance. This fire !ed to a. i fit., were <,ompletely destroyed. The fir!.'
me-Pting being called by the Mayo:.- to' originated in one of the outlHliIdiug" of

LAXD
IA RKS OF TORONTO.

619

Rl'unie's tavern, and, as the wind was been appointed to value the improve-
blowin'" a hurricane from the west at ments ûn the lots, according to the terms
the ti
e, it quickly extended to the sur- of the lease. The fire thus relieved the
rounding houses, until the entire west- corporation of all liability.
ern part of the block on Front, Church On February 19th the workshop of Mr.
and Colborne streets was levelled to Medcalf, machinist, On 5 Queen street
the ground. Twenty-five houses were east, was destroyed. Origin of the fire
destroyed, bel!lides outbuildings, and unknown. The machinery destroyed was
there was but very little insurance on valued at $5,000, insured for about $2,-
either houses or furniture. 500. The Rob Roy Tavern narrowly
The usual scarcity of water was com- escaped destruction on this occ, a!'lion
plained of, and the firemen displayed for the second time. Yet another
their usual energy and activity. The fire happened in this unlucky month of
sufferers by this fire were as follows:- February, 011 Sun()ay 26th, when four

Ir. AtkiDt'on, two three-storey brick houses owned by Mr. W. H. Abbott, on
houees, slightly damaged; fully in- Sayer street, and two belonging to Mr.
sured. Two three-storey brick houses, Tilt, were levelled to the ground. Mr.
owned by Mr. Ald. John Armstrong, par- Abbùtt was fully insured for $2,000, but
tially destroyed, no insurance. A three- Mr. Tilt 8uffered a total 108s.
storey brick houl!le, the "Tam 0' Shan- Mr. Abbott resided at 23 Teraulay
ter" Tavern, owned by Mr. T. AitkpIl, street, and 1\11'. Tilt WaR a general store-
totally destroyed; no insurance. Brick keeper on the Corner of Sayer, now Chest-
house, owned by Mr. Oxley, completely nut street.
destroyed; insurance $1,500. Two On ::;unday morning, October 15th, 1848.
storey frame house, owned by Mrs. the old hou
e known as Teraulay Cot-
Thoma8; no insurance; the furniture of tage, once the home of the Macaulay fam-
this house was saved. These houses ily, Bituated on Louisa street, facing the
were all on the north side of Colborue southern transept of Holy Trinity chu:rch.
street. On the 80uth side of Colborne was totally destroyed by fire. There wa.a
street there were destroved :-The 8table no insurance, and the building was of
and outhouses of Mr. Taylor's shop: loss small value, except for the hist.oric 8.!B<r
$250 to $300; no insurance. A frame ciationa connected with it.
house owned by Mr. J. Platt, totally On Sunday morning, Oct. 2!Jth, 18tB.
destroyed; insured for $650; furniture a fire, which started in the hat shop of

aved, The next three houses were )11'. E. H. )1cSherry
on King street east,
own
d by
Ir. Joshua G. Beard, }1ayor the Fouth side, dill considerable dam-
of the city in 1854. Ris loss was age to it and the adjoining premis,t'fII
between $1,500 and $2,000; no ill- of
Iessr8. lletley & Kay. The fire was
8urance. Two frame houses, occupied kept from spreading very far, but Mr.
by MeBsrs. Howard, Wood & Soml, about Ellis, a watchmaker. had his stock darn-
$750; no insurance. Two small fra
ne I agl'll a good deal in removing it. Mr.
houses, owned by Mrs. Birmingham and McSherry's Btock was fully insured for

Ir. Geo. Henderson" which were not in- $2,000; Messrs. Betley & Kay were in-

ured; loss about $800. A building on sUI.ed for $20,000. which scarcely covered
the corner of Church and Colborne sts., their loss. Mr. Ellis was uninsured.
the '.Edinburgh Castle" Tavern; insured McSherry's house was insured in the
for $750, which covered the 1088. Quebec and BritÍBh America Insurance
The next two buildings on Church I Companiæ for $3,800. Betley & Kay's
street were owned by A. T. McCord, the I building. where now stands the C. P. R.
chamberlain of ihe city. They were in- I office. for $6,000, also in the British
8ured for $300, which covered the los8. America.
The next building was owne(l by Mr. About one o'clock on the morning of
:'Ilurchison, value about $200-no insur-. Wednesday, November 22, 184:8. a de-
ance. A frame building 011 the corner of structive fire broke out in a building
Front and Church, owned by Mr. Alex. 1\0. 76 King street eaBt, the south side,
McLeod; ::,-180 the n
xt house on Front near Church. occupied by Mr. Webb as
street; neither was lIlsured-value about a shoe store and Messrs. Campbell &
$1.250. Hunter, saddlers. The fire Foon en-
'
'b
next was a three storey brick ve
opcd the building, and then spread
bmldmg. owned by Mr. Young, of Roches- to th
upper part of the cornel'
ter-Ioss unknown. The last place waB building, occupied by Messrs. Bell &
the large brick tavern occupied by Wm. Crowther, John Maulson, Charles Lount
Rennie, wLich waB not insured-loss, amI Thomas Bell at!! officeB. Four largt'
abùut $1,800. . brick buildings were alm08t destroyed,
Theo land on whIch this property stood the walls only being left øtanding, The
belonged to the C'Jrporation; the leases shop of Mr. Rogers, hatter, was at

had just expir
and arbitrators had. time in great danger. The loss wa

6
U

LANDMARKS OF TO ROXT0.

cs
jmated at about $5,000, but this was and tlJe office of the Savings Bank. It
"llppo.
eJ. to be mll
h less thau the actual crot;!;ed Xclson btred to the west sid.,
loss. I to HoH's tavern, destroying the wholt,
Tholl & Crowther were rolicitors. hav-; block, including the Mirror office anll
ing officßS on the south-east corner of : Mr. :Kasmith's b:lkery. Proceeding from
Kin
and Church streets. John Maulson I Rolf's tavel'll, the fire consumed the cor-
Waß an accountant, Charles Lount It ner building, and then ran along thl'
barrister, and Thomas Bell a land whole block to 'V. O'Xl'ill's, levelling thl'
a
l'nt, I valuable store
of Messr
. Hayc8, Harr,
There were various small fires in the Cheney, O'
eill and others in its COUr8f'.
early part of the year 1849, the most I About three o'clock the spire of ::;t.
imrortant bei
one which, in the mid- I James' Cathedral took fire, and thc
dIe 01 March, dl'stroyed the greenhoußes I building was entirely destroyed. About
of Mr. Geor 6 e Les1ÍP, of the Toronto I the same time till' flames broke out in

uJ'S(>ry, on the Kingston Road, now the old City Hall, consuming the greater
kr:.own as Queen street east. It is unknown part of the front buildings, including a
how the fire originated, as by the time small store which was occupied by Mr.
the flaml's were seen the large8t green- 'McFarlane. Some slight damage Wfi!II
house was alm08t consumed. Mr. Les- , done to the south side of King street,

u J UL
-V) DE
1: D U K L- ,S..-
to to
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IJ
0: O-J-II C) U
U If,))(X a: IX:
::> Z .J1IC)( 0 a
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Q .' I.r.. Z)()'. )(,l!7 L..
f( I N G S T
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! I

PLAN OF CATHErRAL FIRE, 1849.
Explanation of plan-I, Old City Hall, 2, Mirror office, 3, Nipissil1g House (escaped).
Parts marked x x indica(;e localities partly destroyed. Black portions indicate totally
-dest,royed.
He loet by thie calamity over 4,000 valu- I and again the store of Mr. Roger8 nar-
able plants, amongst them being some rowly escaped d
truction. The 108"
very rare exotics. The los8 was esti- was variouely e8timated from $500,000
mated at about $2,500. to !J;750,000. The l088e8, 8.8 nearly 8.8
. . can be learned, were R8 follows:
On the morlllng of S
turday, Apnl 7,1849, Church of England Cathedral, $58,000,
-occurred a fire by WhICh more damage was insured for $4-2,500. O'Neill Bros. builrl-
done than by any blaze before or since. The iug, insured for $7,250; stock $24.000.
fire wa.s discovered at 1.:'0 in the morning I CampbelJ & TIunter, saddlers. good8 re-
in '\.he rear of Graham'8 tavern, King I moved, no insurance. T. D. Harris. hard-
lItreet, and Poet's tavern, Nelson "treet. ware, total 108s; insurance on building
The flames 8peedily con8umed Post's $7,250; stock. $35,000. Cheney & Co..
tavern, the Patriot office, and, cr08sing hardware, in8urance, $10,500. Thomllß
over King street to the east, burnt down Hayes, hardware, insurance $4,000. M.
.all the buildings 80uth of Duke street, P. Balfe., r:roceries. goods m08tly de-

LAXDl\L\.RKS OF TOROXTO.

621

øtroyed - insurance $9,000. Thomas! of the Odd Fpllows' Inn, on the<
Thompson. )lammoth Honse, large stock: north side of Ad"laiùe stre-pt, near
of dry good8 destroyed--insurance on Yonge. The flames l'xteudell rapidly to
buildings $5,000, on stock $5,000-bcavy Mr. Thompson's lIlacbine sÌlop and Mr.
loss. Smith's shoe shop ou the east, and to
T. Glassco, insured $2,250 ; loss cov- ?tIr. Alexander's grain store and the
ered. Sabine & Huggius, insnred $2,250, Windsor Castle Tavern on the Wl'st; all
which covered their loss. Patriot office, of which were entirely consumed. From
insurance $5,500. Foy & AU8tin, Íl1l3111'ed this point the [ire spread np Yonge
on stock, $7,250. Post's Hotel in Kel- Il!!treet as far -as the Bay Horse Inn,
80n street, insurance $3,000. Charles I kept by Thomas Best. destroyil1g
DonleTY,
lirror office, aU lost, insur- eight small frame .dwelling" in its
ance $1,250. .John Nasmitb, baker, fur- course. The greatest fmfferers by
niture saved, insurancl' $2,000. On t"ran- this fire were: !tIr. Hobimion, cabill"t
cit; street scveral places were bUl'lled, in- maker, everything dcstroyed; )'lr. Laf-
cluding :\1es!;rs. :McLean & Jone8' cham- ferty, provision dealer, $5,000, insur-
bers, H. Northcott's shop, Swain & Co.'s ance $1,250.
medicine shop, and other'l. The loss on Mr. Tyner, 8hoemaker. insured on build-
the City Hall was estimated ut $15,000. ing and stock $3,000; Mr. Drc,uillaird.
'\"falter
kFarlane's stock in City Hall cigar maker; Mr. George Hardy, watch-
was ÌDsured for $5,000, which covered maker, and Mr. Simpson. grocer. There
the lus
. The total amount of insurance were a numLer of smal1er 1081:1(,S, which
was $239,724. are not stated. The fire brigade is not
One life was lost at this fire.
Ir. mentioned in connection with this fire,
Watson, who had been publisher of the or the water ell pply, though neither
Canadian and of the Upper Canada Ga- could have been very good or the fire
5ette, was upstairs in the top storey of could not have
pread as it did.
the Patriot, trJ.ing to save some type. A Company of .the R. C. Rifles came on
when the floor gave way under him, and the ground about .3 o'clock, and renùer-
he was burned beyond recognition. ed valuable M"i8tance -in guarding prop-
This Wall the largest fire that had erty.
taken pJace in Toronto since ita first No other fire occurred worthy of no-
exi8tence. tiee until November '24, 18;-)0, when a.
The plan on the preceding page flhoWI!J fire brokí' out in a house OWllPrl by :\11'.
the extent of damage done by the cathe- William Andrews, on the FQuth
ide of
dra.l fire. Hichmond street. near the corner of
The insurance companies who Buffered Church. Again, owing to the scarcity of
W43re :-Columbus, 1:j,307; Hartford, 1:3,- water. four houses were bur
d to the
900; Etna, 1:3,600; Protection, t1,360; ground before the lire was sta,yed. The
:Montreal, J:4,124; Quebec, J:2,930; Cam- los
upon the property' i
unknown.
den, J:400: Home District, J:5,000; AlIi- With the exception of two small fires
ance, J:8,150: British America, J:17,000; in January, the year 1851 did not suffer
PhOPnix, 1:j,850; Globe, .t2.050; total, much until May 7th, when It fire
J:5n,681. This W8lI currency equal to frtarted in the livery stables on Welling-
$239,724. ton fltreet, near 10rk, owned by Mr.
August 18th, ]849, there was a small Grantham, and destroyed them utterly.
fire on Queen street, near Jarvis, which together with eleven ñorses occupying
destroyed about $1,500 worth of pro- them. A tavern :occupied by
fr. A. Archer,
perty, cOllsisting of
Ie8f3rs. Xisbet & on the same
tr('et, was also destroyed.
FOBter'8 carpenter shop and two frame Again the tlhort bupply of water renùered
bOl1ßes, owned by 11rs.
Iorrison. The it impos"ible to makl' much head way
first Wall a total loss, but Mrs. :\Iorrison agaiust the flames, aud it was only by
WIl.R in"'UY'f'd for $jOO, which barely cov- everyone helping to carry water in pailø
ered her loose that the fire was stopped at all. The
.-i. lire uruke out on Sunday, March 17. damage was com!iderable, but the exact
1850, in a two storey frame housp on amount is not stated. The fire brigade
Qu
en Btreet, at the head of Bay. I had an easy time for nearly a year after
OWlllg to the "now which was falling at this, and not until Ma}och 21, 1852, were
the time, the names wcre pl'evcllteu [rom they called 11Pon for any serious blaze.
spreading to the surrounding buildings. On that Sunday morning Mr. Yale's axe
The house was totally dcstroyed. A fire factory on Adjlaide, west of York strcet,
on Wedncsday,
Iay 15, 1850. which was was very much injured, the damage
8upposed to be the work of incendiaries, amounting to $4,000. The origin of
did a great amount of damage in the the fire unknown. On the following
viciuity of Addaide and Yonge strl'ets. Tuesday, March 23, a fire brokp out
The fire was fir!>t discovcred in thl'! back in the cabinet shop of Mr. Conner,
kitchen of a small frame house in the rear I 80uth of King, we
t of Bay street.

G;J:)

LASIßL-\H.1\..H OF TORJ\T0.

and Roon exteJl(led to the adjoining build- a flame by the sharp wind which WD.I!'I
ings, occupied by
Ir. )Io
imen, tinsmith i I ' blowing. The fire engines arrived too
Mr. Cook, confectioner, and Mr. French, late to Rave the building, but managed
chair manufacturer. This timp the water to prevent the spread of the fire. Mr.
supply waR ample and the buildings were Tinning, O\\'ner of the building, managed
not entirely destroyed, althou
h the I to remove his live stock, but his loss
damage done renJered tlJ('lU useless. All I amounted to $1,250 i no insurance. Mr.
the sufferers were fully insured, but the Adams, the saihnaker, lost $1,000, and
amount of loss or insurancl' is not stated. ! )11". Hobert l\Ioodie. afterwa.rds an alder-
A number of Arnall fires occurred during I man, who had BOrne sails stored in the
the la tter part of .Tune, 1852, and grave building, about $1,000 i neither of them
suspicions were entl'rtn i ned as to their was insured. 000 of the engines was put
cause. One 011 .Tune 29, on Princess out on the ice at thiB fire, but the ice
street, just north of King, destroyed gave way, and occasioned a considerable
thr<>e or four fr.ame buildings. Attempts amount of trouble in getting the engine
were made while this fire was in pro- out afterwards.
gress to start others in the neighbor- I Another six month" elapsed before we
hood, but fortunately without success. I hear of any more destruction by fire,
In .Tuly, ]852, an "indignant remons- and then on the evening of .Tune 11, 1854,
trance" was sent into Mayor .T. G. Bowes the premises of Mr. Salt, on King street,
and Council by the leading insurance com- were very much damaged, and his stock
panips oi the rity, asking for more strin- of dry goods nearly ruined. The fire
gent by-laws for the prevpntion of fire, engines did very good work on this oc-
in the mn tter of forbidding till' erection casion, and, on the whole, the brigade
of wooden buildiugs within the city I seemed to be improving considerably.
limits, allowing steamers to come to thl' Mr. Salt's store and stock were fully in-
wharves without prorer precautions sured.
being taken, a greater number of During the next week no less than
hydrants, etc., etc. The petition was three attempts to set fire to various
signed by a number of leading insurance buildings were made, with greater or less
men and others, but did not have much su
cess. On the n;gbt of Wednesday, .Tune
effect. for, on the occasion of a small 14, 1854, a building in the rear of Stanley
fire in Richmond street shortly after- street, between Church and Victoria,
wards, we find the papers calling atten- was totally destroyed, and on the Fri-
tion to the fact that had it not been day following the premises of Mr. ArthUl'
for the extreme stillness of the night, on Front street were firl'd, but fortu-
the fire must have consumed n. oonsider- nately the flamM were discovered and
able portion of the adjoining blocks, as 6upprl'-&Sed. A similar thing occurred
the means of extinguishing the flameB on King street the same day. On the
were altogether inadequate in the case ot Wednesday previou8 an attempt had
a large fire. been made on Melinda street, but the
On the morning of .Tanuary 1, 1853, two flames were 8een by a young lady, and
fires occurred, destroying the premiH'1:i of Plhe gave the alarm in time to stop the
Messrs, .T, &; V. Parks, turners, Adelaide pl'ogl"ess of the fire.
øtreet, and those of Mr. Ogden, marble .Tune, 1854-, had not yet received its
cutter, Yonge street. The second fire full baptislll of fire, for on Wednesday,
IIpreaù to the buildings of Mr. Bell, 28th, the bells tolied the alarm for the
watchmaker, and Mr. Brownscomb, shoe- firemen to tUl'n out to save the premises
maker, and were with difficulty prevent- of Mrs. Beatty, tavernkeeper, on the south
ed from progressing further. Much losl side of King near Princ
s. Before the
was caused by these two fires, 8.8 none firemen were lible to reach the ground
of the losers carried any irunu-ance. The I the fire had made collt!iderable headway,
buildings destroyed were on the west and owing to a strong e8ßterly wind
Jride of Yonge street. which was blowing the flames rapidly
On the morning of .Tune 10th, 1853, the extended along the south side of King
ñeamer Admiral, while lying at Brawn's until it reached the ruins of .Tames
wharf, foot of Yonge street, was burnt Brien's house, which had been pulled
almost to the water's edge. Happily no down to check the progress of the fire.
lives were lost, but a. great deal of lug- A number of people Buffered by this fire,
gage belonging to øome of the passen- among them being: John McGloan, build-
gers was destroyed. She was insured f<Xl' ing burnt down, no insurance i Edward
$20,000. Donlan, shoemaker, total 1000s:.. Mrs.
On Saturday, .Tanuary 21, 1854, a fire Beatty, tavernkeeppr, nothing saved i
broke out in the Bail loft of :Mr. Maxim Sylvester, harnef!s maker, 10RS
Adamø, on Tinning's wharf. A cinder about $500 i Lawrence Coffey, dealer in
from a. neighbouring chimney lodged flour, loss not known; William Jerroux,
on the roof, and was fanned iuto loss about $200, and others.

LAND.MARKS OJ!' TORONTO.

623

The Ro::het:lter (U, S.) firemen were on flames were beyond control, and that it
fI. visit to thi" city when the fire of .June was neeeBBary to give the alarm, which
14th took place 011 the north side of Stan- he immediatel:r did. The enginef! arrived
ley street, destroying eighteen or nine- promptly and took up a position near
teL'n wooden houses, ID0i8t of them the the water, and began to play upon the
property of Mr, Crawford, baker, who had south end 01 the building. It was hoped
no insurance upon them, or on sixty bar- that the progreE's of the flames would
rcls of flour, which were also corummoo. be stayed in the old factory, but the fire
Another fire not mentioned above took had got too complete a hold upon the
place on Thursday evening, .June 15th, combustibles within, and it was all in
in a roW of brick hoUsed on the east vain that the firemen gallantly exposed
siùe of Church street, between Queen and themselves. The flames defied all their
Shuter streets. Mrs. McClure, Mr. David efforts, and soon had spread all through
Buchan, Mr. Rice Lewis and three other the old place into the immenae new build-
l'esident-ß were burned out. The ill8ur- ing. After that further efforts were
.ance carried was very small. useless, and the firemen turned their at-
On Saturday, .July 8th, at six p.m" a tention to saving the piles of lumber.
fire broke out in a frame bui1din..
, COlll- The wind was very high, however,
prisiug two dwelling hOWlM, in Palace blowing from the north-west, directly on
street, oPP03ite the jail. They were the the great piles lying between the build-
property of Thomas Green, and were med ings and the wharf. The terrific heat
as tenement dwelling
. The caUl'!e was soon drove the firemen away from the
believed to be accidental. engines, which lay at the ,';ater's edge.
The deepe8t alarm wa3 now felt at The whole stock of finely-seasoned lum-
the great number of fires which were ber-the collection of years of labor and
occurring, and the citizens anxiously de- care-was entirely consumed, The dwel-
manded that the authorities should en- ling house of Mr. Jacques was saved, the
quire into the state of affairs, They wind .not blowing in that. direction. A
wpre likewise anxious that the water quantity of made-up furmture was also
qurstion should be thoroughly looked into, got. out of the factory by the active ex.
and a requisition WM eent in to the, erboQs of the workmen, bu
the greater
Mayor and Council to awaken them to I part of th
stock and thp fIne and valu-
R Belll'!e of their duties in the matter. I ab
e . machmery sharcd the fate of the
There is no record, however, of anything bu
ldlllg. .. . .
particular being done about it at that 1he loss on thl!!! fIre was varIOusly esb-
time. mated from $100,000 to $150,000, and
On Sunday evening,
ov. 12th, 1854, tþe insurance was only $2.0,000. The
a fire in Duffy's frame tavern, on the h.rm was one of the oldest III the pr0 4
north side of Stanley street, near
eIBon, Vince,. and
reat sympathy was felt for
caused considerable alarm to the people th.em m their trou
le. Mr. Jacques Waf!
in that locality. Although there was a shgh
ly burned durmg the progress of
strong gale blowing at the time, the the fIre. .
fh'emen worked with such vigor and em-
bout 1.
0 a.m., on Su
day, Jan.ua.ry 14.
ciency that they succeeded in confining 1
<.>5, a hre broke out m the bUlldmg on
the fire to the house where it started. Kmg street east,. to the rear of Messrs.
The loss on this property is not stated. Howsell &, Hutchl!"on's. It. w
s cntirely
On Saturday, December 23rd a franw destroyed, .as were .two rrllltm
presses
building u
ed as a baker's Sho
by W:m.
nd a va,rl
ty of prmte.rs m
tel"1als. The
He eves, 157 Queen street weet, south- fIre was said to be of lllcendmry natu
e.
east Come.r of Peter street, W8.8 totally On Sund
y, .January 21st, 1855, a fire
de
troyed by fire. broke
ut 1ll the roof of the ho
e on the
The largetit fire Toronto had seen for east Hde of Power street. occul-ned In" P.
years broke out in .Jacques & Hay's great .McCurry
sacristan at .St. Paul's H., C.
cabinet factory on the bay front nearly church, III the SRme llt'lghbourhoocl. 1 he
opposite the end of York street, which damage done was not wry great.

V8i! the lar
CBt establishment of its kind On Thursday, January 2;)th, at !).30
1D Canada. A . man named Tilley dis- p.m., the lJtcamer Queen Cit
-, fm-merly
cove
d the bre about 10.30 in the Lady of the Lake. while lying at the
evemnJ of Thursday, December 2Kth, Queen's wharf, in thi
city, was burnt to
1854. The flames were then confined to the water's eùge, The bteamer had on
the painting and varnishin
ro:)m in the board a quantity of dry goods and gro-

outh end of the third storey of the old ccrirB for port" between Toronto and
factory. He tried to put it out with two Hamilton. and onlv a small portion of
pails o
water, and, thinking, he' had them were Baved. The l03S was full v co.-
nearly extinguished it, went down stairs ered by insurance, .
for more; when he returne'd he found the On MOllda
' morning, February 26, 1835.

624

T..AND:\lARKS OF TORONTO.

a Hre was discovered in the First Con- ' I Btables belonging to Mr. Paul Kane, on
glocgational Clmrch, corner of Bay and the north side of Wel1esley street, w11i<'h
Adelaide street8. which destroyed that were co:npletely d('struyed, as well as a
building and its contents, with seven or storehouse owned by )11'. .James Les.lie,
('ight dwellings to the east and north of I cartage agent, with stock to the amount
it. Shortly after the first alarm was or $1,500. The other loss is not stated.
giv('n, Dr, Uichardson ran to the place 1\0 iwmrance.
and burst open one of the side doors, but About 1,30 in the morning of Friday,
the fire had marle too much I eadway to .June 29, 1855. a fire, which origi9ated
admit of an attempt to extinguish it, in the shed of Mr. .J. G. Joseph's house
and ill a very short time the structure on the w('st side of Church street, oPPO-
was in ruillB. The building, which be- site St. Michael's churc11, deBtroving the
longl>d to the Rev. :Mr. HoaI's congre- i hom
es of MeBsrs,
Ieudell, Holdsworth,
gation, was erected in 18-19 at a C?st! Childs and Rice Lewis. It seems that the
of $12,500. An excellent organ, wInch I f'!upply of water was Þ30 very limited that
had been reC'ent}:r purchased, was also b{'
():-e a full measure could be had four
destroyed-value $1,250. The building I brick buildings had been burneù. The
was insured in the sum of $U,OOO. The ho;e had to be taken to a Yonge 8tre('t
other property 10!'lers were: Edward 1 hydrant before anything Jike a full
Garvey, William Dooley, Thomas
II1 rtin, i stream of water coa\d be obtained, the
Robert Hamilton, Mr. Hardy, -. Wil- I nearest hydrant, on the corner of Rich-
10uguIJy and James Felment. Kone of t11e I mond and Church, being found to be use-
dwellings were illBur..d. The dwelling less. This fire was the scene of some
house. which wa
the property of Mr. I disgraceful conduct on the part of the
lIardmg, and which had been burnt, was, firemen. When the houses were opened
onl
' insured for $500. The severe frO!
t I for the removal of the furniture, the cel-
made the water very hard to get, and: lars were ransacked, and liquors freely
the firem('n were practicall.v useless. The I distributed, rendering the men ready for
fire W8t1 supposed to be the work of an I anything desperate. Two firemPH bp-
inc('mliar,v. I gan fighting, Ilnd their comrades gath('r-
On Sunday, March 4th, a fire broke ed round, 150me trying to separate tll'.'lll
out in the saddler
' pho}) occupiNI by
lr. ! and othel'S al!piFJting in the contest, The

turtzd,ker, on the west side of York street,
constables, who came to do their duty
about 30 yards north of King. The place by carrying off the combatants, wero
was enlÏrely con<;umed. and there was no aR8aulted by the firemen, and drove th('m
in..<o:uran.ce. ! off the gl'ound, injuring them so badly
On the following Sunday, March 11th, that they w
re confined to their houses
a stable on Adelaide
'treet, in rear of tht' I for some time afterward, Another CO:.l-
premises occupied by Parkins, thc plumb- : /'Itable, Booth, shortly after came on the
'''1', was destroyed by fir(', as was a horf;(, I ground, and was immediately assaulteù,
und cow stabled therein. :Mr. Parkin
' I struck on the head with an axe, and

hop was on the no
th sid
of the str
et, I kicked severely.
JU,et east of the MusIc Hall, now the ]< ree I The matter was inv('stigated by the
Llhrary. ., Po
ice l\lagistratef'! and several personR
A most del!!t
ucbve hre br
)k.?
mt on were fined for fighting alld aæault, but
Saturday morIllug, May 6. 1
5ú, III the no great harm Wail done ill the fighting
carpenter sh
p of Mr. Westman, near the I to anyone.
corner of Hlchmond and Bay streets, "' .
r:._
which destroyed property to the extcnt <?n } r
day, .July 13, L ,'
, ",hen a tray
of $]0,000, The fire spread with such elII.ng ,cIrcus was performmg Oil the old
rapidity that all attempts to extinguish Fall' Gr':en, on Front street ea
t, a
ob
it proved fruitless, and in the courSJ of of rowdIes attacked t
e tent III w

lch
a few hours several workahops and four the show was proceedmg. They. tURt
dwelling houFJes were destro.} cd. Two threw one of. the waggollS belonglllg
o
finishin[
shops, which contained a large the company mto the bay, aud th('n t\\O
fJuantitv of tools and a planing machine, 0.1' three more aIter t
eI?l. Next they set
th(' latter valued at $650, were burned, hre to ont> of the remalllmg waggons, and
'}'wo of the dwelliJ,lgs belonged to Mr.
tt('mpted to pull down tl!e tent and burn
Wright

ud a third to
Ir. We
mn.n, It also. F
rtuna
ely the f
re was put out,
:Mr. Westman was not insured and the though gl eftt d..
.lIlßge "as done to the
amount of insurance carried by :!\oIl'. property of the circus compailY.
Wright is nut stated. The fire was sup- About G o'clock on Friday morning, De-
posed to hllve been the work of an in- cember 14th, a fire broke out in the ma-
cendiary, chine room of the Globe office, on t11e
Another fire, on Tuesday, May 29. was south
ide of Kin
street west, where now
also !lupposl'd to have bet'n the work of Rtßndi the ß:lHk of Commerce. just as the
an incendiary. It originated in some forms W('!'l' g<Jing to I'rel'os. The d:.J,m.age

LANDMARKS OF TORO
TO.

625

done Wfilõ, however, inconsiderable, and. This was the third time' thie foundr;y'
coyerI'd by im;ura
e. I had .been def'!troyed or greatly damaged
Durillb the evening of Thurl'lday, De- \ by fI
'e. .
cl'mber 27th. 1
j5, a fire broke out in A fIre on February 5th, 1856, _dId dam-
on:> of the upper rooma in the house on I age to the extent of ab(;mt
2..>,OOO or
:1-"l.St Market <"luare where lhed .James I $30,000. It broke out III 'lhompson &
Û'atth
W
. There \
.as a g()()d deal of I Co.'s stationery store.. No. 52 King street
dama.ge done, but the loss was covered b,)' e.a-!t, on the so
th side, where was pub-
insurance. : hshed th.e CoIOlll.!!t newt'!p
per. The cause
On Saturday ev<,ning, January 19,1856. wa., beheved to be accidental, and the
no Ie&!! than three alarms of fire Wl'r<, dalll
lge done amounted to some $24,000,
given. The first was in Messrs. :\Iiller mu
h <;>f which. was covere
by ,insura.nce.
&. Miles' coach factory on the south The East IndIa House, 'Yates .grocel-Y
sid
> of King street w<,st, and but stOl"e, next door W<'Nt of thl' COIOlllst, was
slight damage wa., done. Two ho
rs sli
htly d

naged. Ea<;tward Heal'll & Pot-
:lfterwards, Ht 10.30, a StOVl'J.HPB ter 8, 54 l\"lllg street east, was also badly
in the old Hm:pital then occupied by damaged by water. They were mathe-
Government offkes,
aught fire, and fears matical instrument n
ak.ers. T
e other
were entertained for the safetv of the floors of the same bmllhllg. which were
buildings. By great efforts,
however, occ,!pied by th<, Provident Building
the flames were subdued without much SOCIety, Mr. Anderson, a land agent, and
damage being done. 'others, were much daI.naged by water,
At 12 o'clock f midnight, the third fire and the dooM! and wmdows emash
d.
broke out at Browue's wharf. The watch- Alexander Bleakley, a daguerrean artISt,
man noticed the flames issuing from who occupied the top flat of No. 54, lost
Murphy's cooperage, and immediately all his property, and was wholly unin-
gavc the alarm, but before assistance sured.
urrived the fire had spread to the ad- A Httle before two o'clock on Sundav
joining sbeÙ8. By some mistake, when morning, May 25, 1856, a fire brok
oùt
the engines arrived, the hose was brought in a frame building, .then used 3l! an
to play on the ruins 4'Jf thf' old cooperage, I engine house, at the Grand Trunk Bta-
where the fire had first broken out. The tion, Queen's wharf. Owing to the fresh
result WM that 3; few staves were saved breeze blowing, the place was burned to
at the expen<;e 01 a long range of sheds the ground.
o lesl!! than eight locomo-
on the wharf, besides 1I1
cing
large tives, which were in the building, were
and valuable warehouse III
onsldenl.
le destroyed, the woodwork being entirely
danger. An amount of machlllery whICh burlled away and the machinery dam-
was stored in the sheds was destroyed. aged. '1'he amount of damage could not
All the property was insured, the amount be ascertained, but it must have been
not stated. many thousands of dollars. The engines
A very deAtructive fire occurred on could 110t be got to work at all at this
Saturday, Jan, 26th, 1856, The fire was fire.
first discovered by a .watchman who had I No fire of any conscquence occurred in
eharge of some stores near the Phoenix Toronto until Tuesday, July 15, 1856,
foundry, on the east ,!!Ïde of Yonge when Messrs. JacqueR & Hay's new
to-treet, No. 58, in a large brick house cabinet factory, on Front, near York
fronting on Yon;?;e street. Thinking the street, was burned to the ground. It
family might be up, he took no notice, will be remembered that the old fae-
but went on his rounds, and when tory was destroyed by fire about a year
again paAsing he saw flames issuing from and a half previt)w
, but a new and
the building; he at once gave the alarm. larger fabric had been erected on the
The engines arrived in a short time and old site, filled with machinery and ma-
were quickly lIlacI'd in an advantageous terial, and peopled with workmen. At
po
ition, and began to play on the fire, three o'clock on the day in question th<,
which, in epite of all efforts, consumeù establishment was in full and successful
the Phoenix founùry alld the large brick operation, 300 people labouring ill the
hOURI' ill front. It was with very great I various departments, aided by all the ap-
difficulty that thl' fire was kept from pliflIlces which ingenuity and ekill could
t-:preading any further. The loss to Mr. I devise, and an hrour afterwards it wa..
:'IlcGee, owner of the foundry, was $30,- a heap of ruins-buildings and machin-
000, totally uuin<mred. The firemen had ery and atock deRtroyed, and the occu-
p\-idelltly Ilrofited by the comments of pants compelled to flee for their lives,
the newspapers on their conduct at pre- leaving Beven of their fellows over-
vious fires, for they earned great praise whelmed amidst the flames. With the
on this OccHRion for the prompt manner exception of a few cheste of tools and
ill which they ob<'yed orders and the barrels of oil and varnish, nothing of any
l'l.prgy they di::;played. value was Baved from the flameR. Thf!

"

626

LANDMARKS OF TORON'ro.

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LAND)IARKS OF TORONTO.

627

fire, it was believel1. bro
e out i!l the I fire, and the flames
oon spread to tlJe
ùrying room, which was sItuated Imme- brewery and to the plIes of"lumber. Mr.
diately above the boiler in a building I Jacques' house liIOon followed. The roof
attached to the southern end of the of the brewery was of shingles set in
main structure and next to the water. mortar, find it resisted the flames a long
There was a 'great deal of smoke at I time. A little help from the engines
first and the workmen made the U!lual I would have saved it, but, unfortunately,
effo;ts to put out the fire by buckets I they could not be got to it in time. The
of water but without success. Complete following is a )jst of the killed and in-
arrange
ents had been made when the I jured :-James MinllB. a Carver. He
buill1ing was erected for the extinction I was supposed to have gone up stairs to
of fire; but. unfortunately, the necessitips I save something and to have {'erished in
of the iuadequate water-works compelled the effort. J(.hn Watson, cahinetmaker,
the stoppage oi the usual supply, and married, one child: Anthony Ellis, cabi-
there was not a drop of water either in netmaker, had been married only a few
the pipes of the factory or in the hy- days; Chnrles Drummond, carver, left a
drants when the firemen opened them. wife and family; - Cole, carver, little
There is no doubt that if a proper known of him; Ives Leguerre, a French-

upply of water could have been had, man, stranger in the city; Thomas Go-
the parts affected might have been flood- bert, a German, was also a stranger.
ed and the fire extinguished. The flames Injured :-John Cook, Jeft arm badJy frac-
soon got access to the piles of lumber, tured; John Conly, burned while getting
shavings and sawdust, with which the down stairs; John Gilbranson, badly burn-
ground noor was encumbered, and only ed and left leg contm"ed, jumped from
at few minutes after that the fire was third storey window; J. IIurtso, jumped
visible at the roof. 11:8 tremendous pro- from fourth storey, face, neck and arIll8
gress through four storeys astonished severely burned. John Weibel', Henry
every spectator. The workmen made a Sommernat, Fred. Lutry, John Coleman,
few hurried efforts to save their tools a man named ,Jeffrey and a fireman nam-
and some of the machinery, but they were ed Wm. Tarleton were also injured.
BOon compelled to de!!list, and to !!leek Messrs, Jacques & Hay's lo.'!A was very
safety in the front part of the lower large on this I!!econd fire. Their insur-
story, to which the fire did not extend ance amounted to about $54,000, but this
so rapidly 8.8 it did upward. Sad to did not nearly cover their loss. The
say, the retreat of 13 was cut off, it buildings and machinery were worth
was supposed by the burning of the $100,000, the lumber $30,000, and the
stairs, and they were left at the top stock about $25,000. Mesl!!rs. Cayley &
of the building, with the fire raging Nash's loss was about $15,000, covered by
about them, and no means of retreat, save immrance. As a result of this fire, a
a fearful leap oi forty or fifty feet to subscription loan was set on foot for the
the ground. Five embraced this desper- purpose of enabling Messrs. Jacques &
ate alternative after the fire had actu- Hay to rcsume their operatiollS. The
ally reached them, and escaped with iifa, slim was fixed at $50,000, which was
but l!!Ustained bad injuries. realized in a short time. The loan was
Seven of them perished in the building. granted for four years.
Before the cnginep could reach the ground Eight days after this calamitous fire
the fire had obtained the entire mastery another one broke out on the ßOuth side
of the building. The men attached their of King street, between York, Bay and
hose to the hydrants and found there was I Wellington streets, in a workshop occu-
no water in them; they then moved the pied by one Fuller, which cou..<:umed a
engines to the bay and commenced to I considerable amount of property, There
draw from that source, aided by a few WaB a rookery of old building's l3ur-
carters. Their efforts were utterly. ronnding it on all sides, and t
ey all
powerless, however, against the flames. speedily took fire. From the Btablea the
The wind was blowin
from the west and fire spread to a large frame building
north, and it poured a volume of fire occupied as sho
by the Northern rail-
through the windows down upon the way, and also by Mr. Larjare as a
b
iIding which had been used as a var- tlwelIing.
DIsh and oil store, and upon the piles of So Buddenly was this destroyed that he
lu
ber on the wharf, which nothing could and his family were only able to save
r
Bult. It was supposed from the dire(:- a few valuables. The fancy goods store
bon of the wind that the dwelling house to the frout of thh" IJccupied by }lr. Lar-
of Mr. Jacques and the brewery of Messrs. jare, aud the dry goods store of Mr.
C
yle
& Nash were in no danger. The Johnston wero both destroyer!. From
wmd, however, Auddenly changed to the there the fiT!' spread to the shops occu-
Bootb, and the Mpect of affairs was pied by :\11'. II. Ho";,,, grocer, aud by
lr.
altc;red. Two small frame houses caught Reilly
8 a salo,,
]. A light south-wl'st-

æ8

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

eriy wind was blowing at the time, and lance of the firemen all dal1ger was
the flames inclined to the north and the averted. The loss was comparatively
east. The Lyceum Theatre was at one slight, as moet of the buildings were very
time in considerable danger. A large old.
opeu lot to the south was covered with I No fire worth v of record occurred iu
lumber intended for the Rossin House, 1857 until Septëmber, when on Friday,
then in course of erection. It took fire 25th, the stables of Mr. Jones on the
immediately, and the flames spread over corner of Duchess and George' streets,
the lot as fal' as :Ri1Y street. A stable, were burned to the ground. It is not
filled with hay, was burned there, and so much the damage that was done by
the whole block of buildings were in this fire as the barefaced way in which
great dal1ger. The loss was from $40,- the building!!! were set 011 fire by an
000 to $50,000, secured as follows: Mr. organized band of incendiaries, which
Romaine $10,000, fully insured. :Mr. Lar- makes it noticeable.
jare was insured for $G,250. which did The fire was first discovered by Con-
not quite cover his loss. Mr. Johnston stable Patterson, who was on duty 011
was fully insured; amouut not stated. Mr. Jarvis street. He noticed flames isi':U-
Hoss insured, no amount given. Mrs, ing from the building" and on going to-
Savage owned the hGuse occupied by I warde it, he saw two men running from
Reilly. It was insured for $3,500. Fuller's the stables. He made an attempt to
carpenter shop was insured for $750. secure them both, and succeeded in cap-
Other 10Rses are not stated. I turing one, named Thomas Caldwell, In
A destructive fire took place on Oct. I the meantime the alarm had been given,
14, 1856. which consumed almost cntirely but the engines arrived too late to do
a block of buildings between King and any good. The place was completely
Palace streets and Princess and Caro- destroyed. The night watchman em-
lin{'
now f-1herbourne, streets. With the I ployed by Jones was arrested for com-

xception of one brick house the whole pIicity in the crime. Another man namf'tl
of the buildinl-rs were wood('n I8tructuree, William Kelly was all';o apprehended. The
and the flames, favoured by a f'!trong reason for attempting to burn the
breeze, raged
o ìuriously that all the stables wa..s that Mr. Jones had estah-
labours of the fire brigade were un- lished n line of omnibuses, which had
availing, except to prevent the fire the effect of injuring the cabmen's busi-
from crossing Palace street to the nese to a great extent. Another at-
lumber yard of Mr. Snarr, which was tempt to burn a new omnibus was made
in great danger at one time. The on Kovember 19, which fortunately proved
fire had made rapid progress beforc the unsucce!'!sful.
engines arrived on the scene, and, as The H08sin House narrowly escaped de-
usual, the hydrants were unsupplied with øtruction on December 17, 1857. A little
water for some time after it was wflnt- before 7 o'clock that evening a fire
I'd. By the time water was to be had broke out in the shop of Mr. A. Larjare,
the flames were raging so furiously that in the ROS8in House, and before the ar-
no headway could be made against them. rival of the engines the greater part of
The entire block was burned down, ex- the stock, which consisted of light fancy
cept a small house owned and occupied goods of French manufacture, was con-
by Mr. Joseph Shea. A building IlßSO- sumed. By dint (of great e'lõ:erticns, the
ciated with the early history of Toronto progress of the flames was stopped. The
was destroyed by this fire. It was damage amounted to about $8,000 on
known aIi RUSät'll Abbpy. llaving been built Mr. Larjare's stock;, fully insured.
for Governor Peter Ru
>;ell. and occupied The idea of connecting the fire sta-
by him as the Government House. It was J tion with some of the outlying police sta-
owned at that time by Hon. Robert Bald- tions by telegraph was first thought of
win. The total loss by this fire exceeded in February, 1858. The matter waa
$20,000. discus"ed by the papers, and met with
On Sunday, Kovember 10, 1856, a fire their fullest approval, and as the cost
on King street, opposite the Rossin House was estimated at only about $1,200, the
-then nearing completion-caused great scheme was adopted.
anxiety f01" its safety. It broke On Monday, January 4th, 1858, a fiTe
out in Mr. John Clarke's temperance broke out in the allOl) of Thomas Lang-
ealoon, and before the alarm was given ton, on the west side of Yonge street,
had made such headway as to threaten aoont four dool"8 from Louisa street. It
the destruction of the whole range. Two was soon extinguished, though consider-
or three other stores caught fire, but the able damage W80S done, but it was be-
chief anxiety was for the safety of the lieved to be ca\L.
d by incendiarism.
Ros!!in House, the fire at one time hav- On the night of January 27th a fire
ing actually caught one of the windows broke out in a vncnnt building' adjoin-
()n the first floor i. but owing to the vigi- ing Beck's tav{'rn, "The Fireman's HOIIW.'.

6'29

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

69 on the north' side of Kin
f;treet west.
It WM believed to h:. VI' been wilfully
fired, and an investigation took place,
but 110 one was indicted. The house was
owned by Henry Sproatt.
On March 1.st a fire broke out in a
Btable belonsing to Mm. James Callaghan
on the 8Outh-east corner of Jarvis and
Queen streets, where now stands the
:Fred Victor Mission. It and the adjoin-
ing buildings were entirely destroyed and
Mm. Callaghan's hOUBe much injured.
Fully insured. These were the first build-
ings ever erected on the spot.
On :March 7th, 1858, a house on the
north-west corner of Nelson and Ade-
laide IrtrE'et.'i, occupied by
Ir. Goodwin,
the famous Waterloo veteran, as a
dwelling house and gymnasium, was com-
pletely destroyed. The alarm was given
about 2 o'clock in the morning, and the
fire engines were soon in attendance; but
before their arrival the flames had ob-
tained such a hold on the building that
it was impossible to save any part of it.
On the same morning, about 6 o'clock,
a stable belonging to Mr. McMaster,
situated on the east side of Bay
street, No. 26, was observed to
be in flames, and although the most de-
termined efforts were used to prevent
the fire spreading, they were unavail-
ing, as the buildings. both in front and
rear, coosisting of dwelling houses and
stables, were Boon ignited, and a large
amount of property de8troyed. The prin-
cipal sufferers by this fire were Miss
Hay, Messrs. Gooddale. Hamilton, Smith
and Mrs. Grievison. The actual loss is
not given. Both fires were supposed to
have been the result of incendiarism.
A disastrous fire. which occurred on
April 8, 1858, broke out opposite the
Court House on Adelaide street. It was
supposed that the fire originated in a
Imlall brick building, occupied 8lI a bake-
house by Mr. John Hayes, and that it
was caused by the oven being left in a
heated state on the previous evening.
For some reason the alarm was not
given until several other buildings in
the block were enveloped in flames, and
it was with great difficulty that the fire-
men managed to keep the fire from
spreading to the next block. The build-
ings which were con8umed were ten-
anted by John Hayes, tavernkeeper ; Wm.
Brown, tavernkeeper; T. H. O'Neill, tav-
ernkeeper, and G. George, tailor. The
flames epread so rapidly that the fam-
ilies of Hayes and Brown had barely
t!IDO to escape with their lives, and had
tlIno to save nothing. When the fire
W8.9 nearly extingui8hed three of the fire-
men, IJilmed Fred. Leppar, Joaeph Beatty
and William Thompson, while directing
the hose pip
upon the flames, were seri-

ously injured by the falling of a ('him-
ney. The first named, Fred. Leppa,!",
had his skull fractured, and although he
had the best medical attf'ntion, he ex-
pired three hours later. The loss by this
fire was estimated at about $5,000 on
the buildings, and about $2,000 on fur-
niture, etc, There was very little in-
Burance.
On April 9th, another fireman named
Terence :Meehan. lU'I he was aBsistÏ!lg to
draw an engine to the Bcene of a supposed
fire. was thrown down, and the engine
pas
ed over him. He died from the effects
of his injuries.
On Friday, April 16, at 3.30 a.m., a
fire broke out in the printiug office of
Rowsell & Ellis. on th<, south siùe of Court
etre.et. The damage done was very con-
siùel'abll'. It was suppo
ed to have been
caused by an incendiary.
Another Case of suspected incendiarism
occurred on April 22 in this year. The
fire broke out in a stable on the soutb:-
west corner of Church and Crooksba.nk
(now Wilton avenue) streets, adjoining
the hou
of Mr. John Harrington,
one of a block of three. The flam

EOOU spread from the out-buildings to
the main structure, and although tht(
fire engine.
were 800n on the spot,
they were quite powerless in cunsequence
of the scarcity of water. The nearest
hydrant was on Queen street, and the
only way in which water could be got
was by placing one engine half-way be-
tween it and the fire and pumping the
water into the engines at the fire. In
spite of all efforts the three buildings
were entirely destroyed, with their con-
tents. A few minutes before the alarm
was given two men were seen, running
from the direction of the fire, by the
constable on his beat, and that, coupled
with the fact that no light had been
used in Mr. Harrington's stable, gave
force to the belief that the property had
b('en fired. The buildings and furniture
were partly insured, the total amount
of loss above iusurance not being more
than $750. The other occupants of the
hou
es were Mr. Allan McLean and Mrs.
Lewis. .
On April 23rd a stable in tIle rear of
Ritchey's terrace, on the north side of
Adelaide street, took fire, was entirely
consumed, and five horses which were in
it at the time: with a carriage. The 1008
was about $1,200, no insur8J1ce.
Another very def'!tructive fire occurred
on April 27t,þ. in the block bounded by
Teraulay, Agnes, Edward and Elizabet

streets. On Teraulay street the dwell.
ing; houses of Mr. PnrSOIlB and Mr. Os-
borne, the architect, were destroyed; ad.
joining Mr. Oßbor1!e's residence WaB a
tenement building occupied by three

630

LA!';DMARKS OF TORO
TO.

families named BrooM, Dickson and I trance on Adelaide street. The fire waR
Walker. ThÏß was burnt. In Edward first seen arising from the eastern Corner
stræt Duggan's house and carpenter's at the back of a long wooden shed.
f'bop were burned down. Caes's stables ad- which was used. for I!!toriI:% laths. f\.n.d
joining those of Duggan were alBo con- dressed lumber m, and with WhICh It
sumed. A new,spaper of the time Bays:- was well stocked. Scarcely any people
"There were no buildings on the front were about at the time, and unusual de-
df Agnes and Elizabeth streets burnt, but lay arose in conveying the engincs to
tome back premises went with the gen- the spot. On their arrival the heat was
eral c<mflagration. The entire centre of so overpowering t
a
they were ?bliged
the b!ock is in fact one heap of burnt to take up a POSItion a long dIstance
and sIDouiderin6 ruins." off, and from some cause or other con-
There was very little insurance carried siderabl
time el
psed before they
uld
on any of these buildings, and the total be got mto workmg order. By the tIme
lOBS was several thousand dollars. any well-directed effort could be made
The city was now thoroughly alarmed, to quell the flames they were far beyond
8ß it was felt that without doubt a band cont!'o}. All efforts were the
turned. to
of incendiaries was at work, and steps confI.nmg the flames to the plIes of tnn-
were taken to patrol the city at night to ber m front of the sheds, and fo
tunate-
protect property from the work of the ly these were successful. The fire W8.8
incendiary. In addition to this, a reward arrested, and, though many of the large
of $1,000 W8.l!l offered by the Mayor, Mr. stacks of lumbe.r near the shed had been
W H Eo lt f i f mat'on that destroyed, the fire was kept from spread-
, . u on, or any n oI,: I d ing further than the centre of the yard.
,,
ou
d lead to t
e appreheIl8lOn an con- The damage amounted to about $7,000,
V1ctlOn o! the mlecreants. of which only $2 000 was covered by in-
On Apnl 30th, a, 18;rge barn? the prop- 8urance. '
eriy of. Terence O. NeIll, standmg on the The most disastrous fire with which To-
north Side of the KIngston I,:ood, about 100 ronto had been vÏlrited for some time oc-
yard.'! east of the ,Don bndge, was also curred on Tuesday, August 30, 1859. At
cLestroyed. In t
lS. case there w
s no about 12.45 a.m. the alarm was rung for

oubt that the bUlldmg had been wilfully a fire on the corner of Gould and Vie-
fIrM. ., toria streets, opposite the Normal
O
Monday, May 24
h, durm? the fIre- I!!chool. The flamet! had first broken out
men s para?e, H. Ro.'Ss s g
ocer s .shop on in the shed near the workshop of Mr.
the east 81de of Yonge, near R
chmo.nd Armitage, 8 Gould street, a,nd spread 80
st
e
t, was gr
at1y damaged by fIre.. 'I he speedily to the brick house attached to
orIgm of the fIre was generally attnbut- the workshop that it Waß with difficulty
t'd to ca
ele8Sness on the part of some of Mr. Armitage and hiB! family eec.aped un-
Mr. Ross servants. injured from the house. To the eaßt of
Mrs. McManus, who k
pt a sccond-hand Mr. Armitage's Bhop were the back pre-
store on Queen Btr
t, Just west of Y
rk miscs of three two-storey brick hOUJ!es,
and on the south bide of the I'!
reet, '
as which faced on Victoria, Btreet and be-
burnt out on July 29th, nothmg bemg longed to him. Fa.rther northward, on
saved., the west Bide of Victoria street, were a
... About two 0 clock. on the aftern<;Jon of I row of Bix ho11SC8, owned by Mr. Sheriff
t'eptember 12th a fire broke out III the JarvÎB and still farther north a two-
",tablea oW!led by
r. Briggs, builder, on storey' rough-caßt, owned and occupied
the east sIde of Yonge, nt'ar the corner by Rev. Dr. Taylor and Mr. Robertson"
of Gould street. Mr. Briggs himfleIf W8.8 bead master of the Normal øc.hool' and
\"ery seriously burned in an unsuccessful still farther north a brick cottage, 'own-
attempt .to save a.
:ee. Some Bheds and ed by Mr. Cameron. The fire, aided by a.
etable.
m .the ncmlty, owned by Mr. f"outh-weBt wind, speedily consumed the
DawBOn, wIth several wood sheds and a outbuildings of the whole row, and from
large pile of new lumber, were all burned. thence spread to the houses themselves.
On January 13, 1859, a fhe broke O'Ut Every exertion of the firemen to con-
in the south-west Corner of King and fine the flames to the outbuilding8 prov-
George streets, ill the coffee and spice I'd abortive, and it was only by pulling
grinding manufactory occupied by Craw- down the sheds at the back of the
forù & Hobarts. There was a great deal bouses facing Yonge strect that they
of damage done, which was covered by were saved from destruction. The fire
illBurance. 11Iwin
s<,ized upon the centre houses, be-
On Thursòay, May 12th, the lumber ' I longing to Mr. Jarvis, travelled with a
yard of Mr. E. B. Gilbert was de-, speed rarely witnessed. The roar was
droyed. The yard was situated be-, I terrible, and the water poured
seemed
tween Bay and York streets and Ade- to have little Qr no effect. The roofs
laide and Boulton streets, with the cn- speedily fell and left nothing but thll

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

G31

bar!' and blackened walls. By great ex- a sman cottage, occupied by one Carter,
ertion the firemen succeeded in saving four frame houses, the property of Mr.
three houses belonging to Mr. Armitage, Carrick: a two-storey house, which 1'"6.d
and also Mr. Cameron's cottage. For been occupied b
- )Ir. Morrison, jeweller.
upwards of three-quarters of an hour were soon destroyed. The wind carried
there was a great want of water, through the flames towa;ds Sheppard street and
the deficiency of hydrants in that part consumed the houses of Arthur Milligan,
of the city. There is no doubt that much R. Milligan, S. Alderdice and several
more property might have been saved others. Three or four other dwellings on
had water been procurable. The aggre- Adelaide street were completely burnt
g-ate 10B8 was estimated at between down. Other houses were damaged mOre
$35,000 and $40,000. or less, but were saved from destruction
This fire destroyed nO les8 than six by the almost superhuman efforts of the
hOllBOO on Victoria street, occupied as firemen. The night was very cold and
rollow
:-208, Mrs. Clubbs; 210, Mrs. the ground soon became slippery from the

. Jarvis; 212, Rev. W. S. Darling; 214, frozen water upon it, The scene was a

IOll8. Eugene de St. Remy; 216, Dr. most pitiable one: the fire had spread

mith; 218, Mr. Nation, with such rapidity that it had barely
Sheriff JarvÍß was fnlly insured, so also allowed many of the people to escape
was Mr. Robertßon, and Dr. Taylor was with their lives. They rushed out of
for $2,000, which about covered his loss. their houses into the bleak wi nil, many
The cause of the Victoria fltreet fire of them barely covered. Their furniture
was by some attributed to incendiaries, was strewn upon the ground in all direc-
but there were many who thought it tiOllS and in many pieces. Upwards of
was the result of carelessness. fifty families were rendered homeless by
Toronto was again visited by a de- this fire. The firemen earned great
structive fire on Oct. 20th, 1859, which praise at thÍB fire by their courage, but
nearly swept away the whole block of the intensity of the heat made it impos-
buildings fronting on Richmond, Adelaide, sible in many cases to do much good.
Bay and Sheppard streets. Most of the 'l'he damage done by this fire was in the
houses were of wood, and the centre of neighbourhood of $30,000 or $35.000. but
the block was closely packed with "shan- particulars of the losses and of insurance
ties," stables, outhouses and workshops, are not given. The origin of this fire was
all of which furnished abundant food for attributed to incendiarism. but the truth
the flames. The fire was first discover- was never ascertained. '
ed in the rear of Bond's livery stables About 25 dwelling houses were de-
near the Lying-in Hospital on Richmond stroyed in this ìire, and about two acres
street, about 11.30 o'clock in the even- of land laid b.'ue. )lr. Dixon's property
iug. There was a strong wind blowing W88 insured, and he was almost the only
from the north at the time, and in a very sufferer who was thm; protected.
few minutes the hospital and adjoining A fire at the" Don Foundry." on King
buildings were wrapped in flames. The street. on the Fouthern side. close to the
fire soon spread to the houses surround- Don bridge, did considerable dam-
ing Mr. Bond's stables, alld it W88 age on Novembl'r 2f1th of this un-
with great difficulty that six horses lucky year, 183ft About eleven in the
were taken out. Seven others, valuable evening the fire was first seen, and soon
animals, perished in the flames. A row the whole foundrs, owned by
lr. Francis
of house"! in a lane opposite the west H. )ledcalfe, was a mass of flames, A
end of Temperance street, belonging to neighbour first alarmed )11'. Medcalfe,
1\[r. Rogers, carpenter, next fell a prey who ran to the spot, but judging the fire
to the fire. The occupants lost nearly had already spread so far that it was
every piece of fUT"niture, save a few impossible to enter thp office, he broke the
trifìing articles. A row of frame houses, window and managed to save some of his
the property of Mr. Hill, were also de- books. A steam engine of six horse-
stroyed, and only a very small portion power, lathes. planing machines and
of their contents saved. Three houses other expensive machinery of a like
on Richmond street. of !l-Ir. Jus. Dixon's nature, were irreparably injured. Al-
and Mr. Carrick's, baker, wpre burned, though the Don supplied pIpnty of water
and it was ahn03t b\" a miracle that the I the fire engines were practically useless,
house and bakery of tile latter escaped I as the fire had too much the st3-rt of
destructi(ln. A new building, illtellllpd I them.
lr. l\ledcalfe's loss was abont
f<!I' the L
'illg-in Hospital, \Va."! several I $10,000 ; totally uninsured. The fire was
tames on fire, but a number of firemen I suppo.;ed to have been cau!'ed by some
mount
d the roor, aIld, by cutting off mHI f!park'i from a lll'i,l'hbouring chimney Jodg-
throw
llg down portions of the burning! ing in the roof cf tllP E<OutIWI'Il part of the
materIal, the buildin
was sav!'d. A ,building. It was the fifth time Mr, Med-
rough-cast house in rear of Adelaide st., caIfe hnd E<uffl'I'ed hom fire.

632

LAND.MARKS OF TORONTO.

During the early part of 1860 there
were a great many cases of supposed!
inceudiari
m, m0'3t of them unsuccessful,
but still enough of them succeeded to
cau
c the residents to feel very uncom-
fO'rtable. A rigid enquiry was held in
every case, but nO' clue to the ruffians
CdUld be found, Another daring act of
incendiarism was perpetrated O'n Sunday,
May 6, 18GO, which was unfortunately
BUccessful. The outbuildings of Hev. Mr.
Ellerby's house, on the west side of J ar-
vis street, NO'. 306, north of Gerrard
street, were set O''n fire about one
o'clock in the morning. Mrs. Ellerby was
aroused by hearing the step of a person
on the wooden shed ill the rear of the
house. She hastily arose, and, on going
to the window, observed a flame of fire
spreadin6 over the whole roof of the shed,
just as if it had been saturated with
some inflammable liquid. She in-
stantly alarmed the rest of the family,
and an attempt was made to save some
of the furniture, but they only succeeded
in saving a few articles, owing to the
intensity of the heat. Considerable de-
lay took place before the brigade could
be called out. When the alarm was
given no time was lost in reaching the
scene of the fire. In the meantime the
flames had reached 1\11'. Maclear's house
on Mutual street, but by prompt action
this was saved, All efforts failed to
rescue the residence of Mr. Ellerby and
it was completel.v gutted. His ]OSS was
nOOut $5,000, of which only $800 was
covered bv insurance. No clue was
found as to the incendiaries.
Again, on June 9th. a destructive fire
occurred, which destroyed seven hand-
I3O'me three-8torey llOuses on the west
f'!ide O'f St. George's square, furniture,
books and articles of vertu. The alarm
was given at about 12 o'clock on the
Saturday night, and the fire engines
were very soon on the ground, and the
hose company in a very short space of
time had coupled their hose to the near-
est h:rdrants, which were, however, at
a great distance from the fire. The
nearest hydrant WaJ:! at the corner of
Beverley and Queen, and the next at the
Corner of John and Queeu, and, as may
be imagined, the supply of water was
meagre and totally inefficient to check
the progress of the flames. When first
discovered the fire WB.8 in the outhouses
in rear of a dwelling situated at the
south end of a row of houses which form-
ed the west side of St, George's square.
An attempt was at once made to tear
down the frame building on fire, but it
W8.S only partially successful. The fire
spread rapidly, caught the woodwork of
the other buildings and was soon raging
fiercely in::!ide. The roo
of the adjoin-

ing houses were soon a mass of flame!!!,
and, as the firemen were unable to work
effectually with their meagre supply of
water, it was soon apparent that the
whole row would be sacrificed. In about
an hour and a half after the fire was
first discovered the whole of the row of
handsome houses were completely gutted
and the walls rent in numberless places.
The chief sufferers by this fire were Dr.
James Bovell, Hon. Mr. Justice Burns a.nd
Mr. S. B. Harman. The loss was roughly:
estimated at $30 000. Dr. Bovell lost &
rare collection of curiosities and Mr.
Justice BurllB his valuable law library.
As the house where the fire originated
was unoccupied, there was every reason
to believe that this, too. was a Case of
arson.
The next destructive fire on record
occurred on Thursday, October 18, and
had its O'rigin in an unoccupied hm.1S*"
on the east side of Simcoe street,
near King street. It Bpread with:
great rapidity, and soon wrecked the
building where it commenced and had the
adjoining house on the south in a blaze.
Fortnnately the cccupant, a Mr. Taylor,
bad time to remove the greab'r part of
his effects. The north wind then drove
the fire to the third, which. in spite of
nil the efforts of the firemen, was con-
sumed; it was unoccupied. Two other
houses on King street were àlso much
damaged. The loss in all amounted to
about $2,500. most of which was covered
by insurance. The origin of the fire un-
known.
The last fire for 1860 was that whiclr
destroyed St. Andrew's market, which WM
on the north side of Richmond etreet west,
ibetwf'en Brant and 'V
t Market streets.
The market was a wO'oden structure, and
served both as market and police Rtation.
A few minutes befor!> 12 on the night of
Decembl'r 26 Acting Sergt. Dun]op ob-
served flames bursting through the roof
near the centre of the building, and ran
to the spot, accompanied by several con-
stables. An attempt was made to get
at the fire bell, but the intense heat ren-
dered this impossible. The attl'ntion of
the constables and people was then turn-
ed to saving anything they could, and
they succeeded in gptting out Sergt.-
Major Cnmmins' furniture and book!!! and
papers belonging to the police station.
:Meanwhile the engines arrived, but all
their efforts to subdue th(' flame!!! proved
futile and the buildiug was co-npletely
òestroyed. The building cost $6,000 in
1850, and was the property of the cor-
poration, Origin of the fire not known.
There were a very great many small
fires during the month8 of Jam
ary, Feb-
ruary amI March, 1861, but none worthy
of lengthened notice until Wednesday,

LAXD
L-\RKS OF TORONTO.

633

)Iarch 20th, when a fire broke out iu
the rear of No. 67, on the west side of
Victoria street. Bouth of Shuter, theu.
occupied bv Mr. Goldberg, butcher.
When first discovered the fire was in an
out-building, and, as a high wind W
t:I
prevailing at the time from the east, hIS
honse and the adjoining one were soon
ignited. The bells gave the alarm, and
in a short time the fire brigade was on
the scene. The flames meanwhile hfld
spread rapidly, and the roofs of foul"
more houses were soon ill a blaze. The
tenants succeeded in saving a portion of
their household goods, though a great
deal was broken and òamaged in the re-
movaL Several powerful streams of
water were early brought to bear upon
the dwellings, but such wal!! the fury of
the flames that the utmost efforts of the
firemen to stop the progress of the fire
were unavailing, and it seemed as if the
whole block between Shuter and Queen
was doomed. By a quarter to six ten
of the houses were a mass of flames and
the services of the hook and ladder com-
pany were called into requisition to de-
molish a hous
owned by Mr. G. Craig,
to the north of the buildings on fire. Sev-
eral engines were also planted at the
northern and southern extremitiel!! of
the fire, and with great difficulty the
fire was at last subdued. The damage
occasioned by t hiB disastrous blaze
amounted to about $8,000. which w:.ts
distributed among a number of people.
Over twenty familieR were rendered home-
less and a great portion of their furni-
ture destroyed. In all fourteen builrlings
were burned to the ground or rendered
entirely useless. Not more than onc-h:Ûf
the loss was covered b;y inRluance.
On March 24. 1861, a fire de
troyed
two houses on the weBt Bide of William
street (now known as Simcoe Btrept), the
property of Mr, Larratt Smith. The two
houses were close to Queen street, and
were entirely destroyed, but mO.5t of their
contents were savell.
A blaze on Saturday night, April 20,
1861, destroyed propC'rty to the amount of
about $3,O()(). It originated in a stable Rit-
uated on Front 81:reet, near the Market
Square, belonging to Mr. Gilmour, of Mont-
real, and tenanted by the American Ex-
press Company and MC'SArs, Walker & Pat-
tenwn, of the American Hotel. The flames
Bpread with great rapidity, and it was
At great personal risk that Mr. Walker
and some of the police succeeded in sa v-
ing the live stock in the stable. A8 it
was, one valuable horse perished. The
loss to Me 1'181'1'1. Walker & Patterson was
about $600, and the Expre88 Company
were Bufferers to about the Bame amount.
A Bhed in rear of the stable was also
burnt down. The fire was accidental.

The wholl' of the buildings dC'f;tro
"ed were
the prOI}erty of Mrs. Thomas Ewart.
On April 21st, a fire broke out in the
grocer's store on the north-west corner
of Queen and Teraulay streets, occupied
by Innes Moran. The damage done to the
house exceC'ded $400, and much of the
stock Was ùpstroyC'd by wa
r. There 'Was
no insurance, and the cause was again at-
tributed to incendiarism.
At 3 o'clock on the morning of April 28
two frame houses on the east side of
laria
Btreet were set on fire bv some unknown
person, and were utterly destroyed. They
were the property of Captain Territt. of
Oak Ridges. "No doubt exisÌtI that they
were wilfully Bet on fire." Such was the
comment of the papers reporting the event.
A fire occurred on Stanley Btreet on
its northern side, east of Victoria street,
on the night of June 10. Two houses in
Stanley and om' in Victoria were com-
pletely destroyed. The occupants were
Mrs. Kell
'. Bryan and Brown. The last
was insured.
Tuesday, .J une It}, 1861, witnessed the
destruction by fire of Toll Gate No.1,
Lake Shore road, which was completely
dl>stro
"('(l, the toll-keeper being severely
burned whilp f'aving his child from perish-
ing in the flam(',o.;. Thi'! old gate was on
what is now known as Queen street west,
and stood on the northern Ride of the road,
a few ;yards weðt of the G. T.R. William
Mans'4rl was the name of the keeper.
On
onday, July 22nd, two fircs occur-
red. The first de
troyed the residence of

Ir-s. Pollock. on the south-west corner of
Church and Alexander streets: the t>econd
a row of rec('ntly erected frame houses on
the weHt Ri:Je of Brunswick avenue. just
north of College Btreet, the property of
Councilmnn Heed. There was no immrance
in either case.
Two hOlIses on the. north Bide of McGill
Btreet (
os. 34 and 36). near Church
Btreet, were entirely de'3troyed on the
night, July 26th. One wWJ o
cupied by
Mr. Charles :\Iurray, an 8fficial of the
Ba nk of Upper Canada. They were both
fully insured.
A larg:e fire broke: out on Friday even-
ing, Augu,>t 16, in a frame buildin

north of King street, which WM used
a8 a racket court. Before the engines
could reach the Bpot the fire had
spread most rapidly, aud it WaB
feared that a row of brick houl!lcs on
King street would be completely de-
BtroJ"ed. A powerful Btream of water
was brought to bear on them, however,
and they were Ba ved. .AB the flames
gained the roof of the racket court, large
flakes fell on the roof of the Apostolic
church (Rev. Mr. Ryerson'I!!), and in a.
very Bhort space of time the roof was
one mass of flamel!!. From thence th8

634

LAND
IARKS OF TOROXTO.

fire spread to Mr. Ryerson's adjoining building, the flames were carried right
reeidence, and in spite of all efforts put up to the roof in a very short time.
forth by the firemen, both buildings were Meantime the t \vo steam engines lately
completely destroyed. It was only by purcha8ed by the corporation, the sev-
dint of continually pouring water upon I eral hand engines, and the hook and lad-
other houses in the neighborhood that the del' company had reached the spot. The
whole block was not burned down. The original intention had been to place the
racket court was owned by Mr. Fletcher, "steamers" on the margin of the bay;
and was insured. The church and Mr. but one of the officials of the Grand
Ryerson's house were ah;;o insured. Both Trunk informed the firemen that their
were rough-cast, and were valued at hose would be cut by passing freight
$2,000. The fire was undoubtedly the trains if they laid it there. The suc-
work of an incendiary. tion hose was attached to the hydrant,
The AP03tolic church and Rev. George Corner of King and Simcoe streets, while
R,yerson's residence were 't"espectively the Rotary engine received a supply of
Nos. 112 and 114, thirty yards in the water from the corner of King and John
.rear, on the west side of Bay, just north str-eets. The fire Bpread rapidly over
of King street. A range of stables, the the roof of the building, and before an
property of 1\11'. John Mitchell, of the hour the roof was one mass of flames.
Burlington HOllße, were also destroyed. A llumber of soldiers of the 30th reached
l.'he racquet court had been a famous the ",cene of the fire, and rendered great
place in its day, the Prince of Wales assistance in removing the officers' ef-
Bpending a conple of hours there enjo;y- fects. furni ture and other movable pro-
ing the game during his visit to Toronto perty. \Vhile this was going on the
in 1860. firemen were using their best endeavours
In October, 1861, the city procured a to extinguish the flames, but no sooner
øecond capable steam fire engine. The were they got under in one place than
weight of this machine was between 5,- they appeared in another. Yet the fire
000 and 6,000 pound..
and it W3ß guar- seemed to burn slowly; but this waf.'!
3Jlteed to get np sufficient steam in six owing to the heavy timbers of which the
minutes to propel two Btreams of water building was composed. It was not,
through nozzles 11-4 inches in diameter. huwevcr, until four o'clock on the Sunday
It was provided with a suction pipe 4 morning that the fire was got under, amI
inche
in diameter, two steam cylinderfo'\, to make e,.cr;ything secure the engines
each 8 inche$ bore and had a 9-inch continued playing on it till about seven
stroke. It also had two brass pmnps, o'clock. The entire roof and upper por-
of 41-2 inch bore and 9-inch stroke. tion of the main building was com-
On January 11, 1862, a llumber of offi- pletcly destruyed, and the building itsclf
cere of the 30th Hegiment took up their rendered practically useless. The loss
quarters in the GoverllInent HOlL'.;e, King was between $2,000 and $3.000.
ßtreett west, which had been fitted up The Government House hardly had time
for their reccption; but the ßame to cool off after its scorching when
evening they had to evacuate in another public building, the new jail,
rather a ha.sty manner, in cOtlSequence north of Gerrard street, east of the Don,
of the building taking fire. A few min- then in COUl
e of erection. was all but de-
utes before eleven o'clock a dense volume I stroyed by fire. About 2 o'clock on the
of Bmoke was observed i6suing from the morning of }'riday, January 17th, 1862,
wllar on the western side of the main en- the caretaker of the jail was awakened
trance on King Btreet. The alarm was from his slumbers by the rcflection of a
at once given, and the Chief Engineer at brilliant light on the windows of his
once proceeded to the place, descended bedroom. Hastily quitting bis bed and
into the cellar, and with the help of two rUJllling outside, he Baw that the upper
men of the 30th Regiment endeavoured to portion of the centre building of the jail
extinguish the flames with pails of water was OIl fire. He immediately ran round to
and cutting
way the burning emberB, the main f'ntrance, and to his astonish-
the ceiling of the ccllar being on fire. ment found that the IJadlock and hasp
'rhis they considered they had Bucceed.
d had been wrenched off the door and
in doing, when to their 8ßtonishment they carried away. He cndeavored to ascend
found the flamcs \"'ere breaking through the stairs, but was prevellted by the
the roof of the building directly over deIlSe volume of Bmoke, and he at once
their heads. The building had been ran off to the city to give thc alarm,
erected rome 40 years before this, shouting" Fire at thc new jail" as he
and was ('ompospd of wood, rough-cast went along. The bell at Berkeley street
tJutside. Imide it was lathed and plaH- gave the alarm, and hc returned. How-
tered, there heing no brick wall within, ever, after the engines turned out the
and the fire haling got a Btart be- bell cea8f'd, and, as no indication of thc
tween the laths and the frame of the fire could be seen from the city. the en-

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

635

ginet:l returned to the statioU8. The alarm I known. . Not mu
h more than a
nonth
"as given again from St. Lawre?ce Hall, : after tins, on Apnl 28th! the premISes of
but liOt until much valuable bme had, Messrs. Booth, along wIth the Btore of
been lost. The engines again turned I MI'. Joseph Hodgson, fltove dealer, w
re
out, but there was great difficulty in I totall;r destroyed, tl
e damagel! amountm,g
hauling them, owing to the depth of I!Ino
, to $10,000,. of WhICh only $8,OO
was
and it W8ß not until five o'clock III ' covered by lllsurance. The detallB of
the moming that they reached the BPOt. I the fi!e are scanty, but it w8;8 BUPJ?Osed
By thiB time the l'Q()f of the centre I that It was the work of an lllcendmry.
building Dad fallen in, and the chapet ! There waB also another buildi
g owned
'wa
a mass of flames. The firemen, I by Mrs. McArthur, burnt, WhICh was
:'mder Chief Ashfield, went to work to valued at about $5,
00 or $6,000.
t
lay the DOse. but after they had could not be ascertallled whether thIS
laid down Beveral lengths it was found I was illßured.
that they had not sufficient to reach I Between 4 and 5 a. m. on May 6 the
from the Don to the building. Some of I druggist I!Ihop of IL Emery. and Moran's
the hose carta had not arrived, and I grocery, 72 on the north BIde of Queen
another long delay took place, as mes- street, WeBt of Teraulay street, were de-
Bengel'S had to be Bent to the city to Btroyed. The damage was about $2,000.
bring forward the hose, and it was not insured for $1,000.
until 7 o'clock that a stream could be A destructive fire took place on ThurB-
brought to bear on the burning building, da:r. November 6. 1862. in Mr. Henry
and bJ" that time the centre building was Agnew's foundry on the west Bide of
completely gutted, so the efforts of the Sumach fltreet, 80uth of Queen. The fire
firemeI!- were direct.ed to prevent the f
re I com
enced in the machi?e Bhop, a f
a!lle
spreadlllg to the Wlllg8. The steam hre , buildlllg, and Bpread with Buch rapIdIty
engine poured a steady stream of water I that in ten minutes the who:e building
on the burning embers, but after it had I W.M a mass of flames. The pattern mnk-
been at work two hours, it was found I ers had to run out to save themselves,
that one of the plates or tubes of the I leaving all their tools behind them.
boiler had got burned by allowing the
Ieantime the fire engines arrived, and
water to get too low, and the engine i one of the steamers' was stationed at the
ceased work. It. the meantime the other I edge of the Don, and, by pouring on a
engines commenced work, and, after powerful Btream of water the fire
working hard and steady until 1 o'clock, was comined to the building in which
the centre building was completely gutted it originated. A great deal of valuable
and the walls scorched and cracked. The! machinery was lost jn this fire, and the
damage done was estimated at $30,000; building was completely destroyed. The
insured for $20,000. It was supposed I03B was between $8,000 and $10,000,
that a gang of bushmen had gone inside I and the place was uninsured. The fire
the building to get shelter from the pierc- \ was purely accidental.
ing cold. and either wilfully or acciden- I On Friday, November 14. 1862. occurred
tally fired the premises. a fire which will long be memorable in
Tuesday evening, March 25th. 1862. a Toronto. About half past two that morn-
destructive fire took place in the pre- ing the inmates of the Rossin House were
mise3 of Mcssl'S. Booth & SOIlS, Copper

roused by the cry of "Fire." It was
smiths, on the ea..<;t side of Yonge. five I thought at first to be a false alarm. but
doors north of Queen Btreet. About i Boon it was discovered to be only too
11.15 the fire waf:! first seen by some I true. Those who opened the doors of their
lads, who were passing, and they at once chambers and smelt the smoke gave a
gave the alarm. The engines arrived shout and bounded down the stairs in
on the scene in a very short time, and ' I their nightclothes. Fortunately it was
the water was turned on. The flames, easy to get to the street at thi8 time,
llOwever, burst through the windows, as the gas was burning. and the way
but after a powerful stream of water out could be seen. The rushing to and
had been poured on for some time it was fro of the first movers brought the re-
thought the fire was extinguished, when mainder to a sense of their position, and
three explosiou.
took place, one after the a scene of wild confusion ensued. Down
other. and the flames burst out anew ' I the stair,; went a crowd of half-clad
and communicated with the store above pcople. of both sexes, with bundles in
by the Btairway and c8ßing taking fire. I their hands and trunks clattering after
The hose was taken round to the rear them; band-boxes, looking-glasses, toilet
of the store and set to work there, and services. chairs and tables were upset in
in
short time the fire was completely the general hurry. The fire, it was sup-
extmguished. 'l'he damage done was posed, had its origin in a 8mall room
estimated at about $3,000, ill8ured for ncar the kitchen. in which kindling wood
$2,500. The origin of the fire is un- was stored. Thc :rard south and west of

G36

LAND
L\RKS OF TORONTO.

the kitchen was filled 'with a large quan-
tity of cord wood, and there was besides
an amount of coal in sheds. It was said
that the flames fimt issued from these,
and it was thought they mUM have
been wilfully fired. Soon after the alarm
was given, the cord wood and a wooden
storehouse and stable, also near the
kitchen, took fire. About an hour after
the discovery the conflagration had as-
sumed gigantic proportionB. The angry
flames leapt from !Storey to storey and
soared high above the roof into the dark-
neSB. The floors fell in with BucceBsive
crashes, and, as each one fell, the fire
glowed with a redder hne and rolled up
immense volumes of smoke, which settled
over the hotel. The greatest anxiety was
felt at one time for the female Bervants
of the homre, as the fire raged most
fiercely underneath that portion of the
hotel where their bedrooms were located,
in the top storey. Boarder8 who came
from the second and third storeYI!I re-
ported that, when they first awoke, their
rooms were so filled with smoke that
they could scarcely breathe, so that it
was not unnatural to suppose that the
girls, who were on the top storey, might
suffer severely. Many of them had COn-
siderable difficulty in getting down. One
girl, who stayed longer than the other8,
had to escape out of a back window by
means of a ladder procured by Mr.
Brown, the steward of the hotel. She
was unhurt. Some ten minutes at least
elapsed after the fire was discovered be-
fore anyone gave notice at the engine
house8, but as soon as the bell rang on
Bay street the engine came rushing out.
The hJodrant at the corner of Simcoe and
King fftrl'ets was opened, the hose laid to
York street to the burning kitchen. All
efforts to check the names were in vain.
The second engine speedily arrived, and
waB stationed at the corner of York Rnd
King. The hose from it was laid throngh
the central hall, also to the kitchen,
with no better result, e
ept that the
office and the ground floor frOJ1ting
York street, were saved. Still the wing
continued to burn. Though an enormous
quantity of water was poured upon it.
the conflagration appeared to increase in
3n inverse ratio to the efforts madl' to
..;ubdue it. About fnur o'clock a third
sTeam fire engine was got out of the
Cl'ntral house and stfltioned near the
("orner of York and King streets, where
it did good BervÌCe.
The vacant gwunds on York and King
streets were literally piled with rescued
property. All the stores in the hotel
were speedily emptied of their contents
when it became evident that the fire
would extend to the front. From an
ed-rly hour a fatigue party of Captain

Hobbs' Company, 30th Regiment, ren.
dered good servicl' in carrying out goods.
Others of the regiment were sent to as-
sist the police in keeping order. By
their aid the large crowd was kept upon
the sidewalk, and left the movements of
the firemen unimpeded. About 5 o'clock
the flames reached the front. They had
penetrated to the third flat, while a
party of men were at work in the rooms
on the floor above the King street Btores.
Suddenly, while some of them were direct-
ly over Mr. Charles Potter's Btore, the
floor on wh
ch they stood gave way with
a fearful crash, and they fell through
into the store. One man dropped ju!St
behind the window, and was Been !Strug-
gling amid the debris. A deep groan
escaped from all present, and a rush walJ
made for the wind.)w. The glass was
soon smashed, and a soldier named Kelly
was dragged out of the flames. Won-
derful to say, he was not much hurt.
He said that before they fell there were
five men working ,,'tih him in the rooms-

ergt. Connell of the 30th, two other
soldiers, a civilian. and a coloured boy
about 16 years of nge-but he thouzht
they got out before the floor feB. Sad
to Bay, one of them never left tho burn-
ing building alive. This was William
H. Graham, Bon of Mr. Graham, carpet
dealer, King street. His body was
found, much burned and disfigured, but
still recognizable. The many fine !Stores
on the ground floor of the Rossin Hou8e
block shared the fate of the rest of the
buildiNg, but in most cases their con-
tents were saved. The storeB on King
street were occupied by Mr. Walton,
merchant tailor; Charles Potter, optician;
W. Wharin, dealer in watches, jewellery,
etc.; Mrs. Forbes, milliner; Mrs. Pollard,
embroideress ; W. Gillett, tobacconil!lt,
and ,Yo Smith, newsman. The I!Itore on
the Corner was occupied by R. Jordan
& Co., grocers. The York Btreet Btores
were: P. Rooney & Co., dry goods:
Joshua Lowe, manufacturer of steam
goa ugcs, and M. l\Jiraulne, barber to thf'
R08Sin House. The aggregate loss of
these was about $3,000. Aa most of the
good8 were removed without damage, the
lOBs was BmaB. Many of the guests of
the house lost their ('ffeets j ill fact, but
very few of them saved anything. The
insurance on the building amounted to
$60,000; on the furniture, $19.500. The
total los..; was e"atimated at $200.000.
No fires happened in 1863 until April
20, when Mr. Lamb's glue and blacking
factory. situated on Amelia fltreet, north
side, and also to the north of the
Necropolis, was totally destroyed. The
fire was first seen about eleven o'clock
and it spread with great speed, being fed
with the inflammable materials inside

LAND
IARKS OF TOROXTO.

637

the factory. It soon spread through the nate, she jumped, alighting on her feet,
principal building, four stories hig-h, and but smashed -her left ankle fearfully; she
floor after floor gave way till at last the recovered. The utmost efforts were made
roof fell, leaving only the bare walls to reach the floor where the children
standing. The Hmaller buildings in the were, but they were of no avail; the
vicinity were ignited and burned to the fierceness of the flames frustrated all
ground. The steamers were on the ground efforts Rnd the unfortunate children both
early, but "Werß not able to cope with perished. The fire engines had arrived in
the flames, which had got a great start the meantime and did all they could, but
before thev came. Mr. Lamb's loss was the building wa6 completely gutted. The
$
,OOO, in
ured for $4,000. The fire was dftma
e amoul.lted to about $1,200 and
considered to be vurely accidental the place was fully insured.
A most atrocious act of incendiarism The man McGlyn was arrested on the
occurred in Toronto in September, 1863, spot, and the coroner's jury at the en-
whereby three lives were lost. The place quir,V held next day found him guilty of
was Colborne street, in the premises of murder and arson, and he was committed
Messrs, Barry & Son, wool and leather for trial. On his trial in March, 1864,
dealers. The circumstances were these: the jury disagreed and were discharg
d.
MeBBrs. Barry had employed a man I He was tried again in December, 1864,
named McGlyn for a number of years, and the jury returned a verdict of not
till he became of dissipated habits when I guilty. and the prisoner Wag discharged.
he was discharged and another man, There was no !'erious fire in 1864 until
Elliott, was engaged in his place. AuguBt, when the Grand Trunk elevator
Elliott's family, consisting of hiB wife and I and wh a. rf were destroyed. fo1ince
two children, took up their residence in the destruction of the ROI"Bin House
the third floor of the building and the no fire of any great extent had
second floor was occupied by Mr. Barry, occurred, for which the city was
Jr. :McGlyn had often come b:tck to com- indebted in a large meðßure to the
plain of Elliott having superseded him in efficiency of its fire brigade, which had
his position, and on 'Ule day in question improved wonderfully during the previ-
he came when Elliott was out and asked ous two or three years. About 6 o'clock
for some small articles which he said he on Sunday morning, August 28th, 1864:,
had left ther
. Mrs. Elliott refused to a" atchman, named McLeod, on passing
giw him anything during her husband's through the sheds thought he detected a.
absence and he went away. Shortly after smell of smoke. On going into the ele-
Elliott returned and McGlyn also Came vator he found the first apartment full
back, got his articles and once more left, of smoke. At this time no flame's were
only to return in a short time and un- visible, though the sIDoke was very
chain a dog belonging to Elliott and dense. The opening of the door, l1ow-
lead him away. Elliott followed him and ever, created a draught, thus giving life
a quarrel ensued; from words they got and power to the smouldering and con-
to blows and McGlyn received a severe fined fire. The watchman at once gave
thrashing. Out of revenge for this he the alarm, the fire bells were rung, and
went around th
store some time after- the engines arrived on the scene with
wards and entered a side door. A few great promptnes.s: By that time the
minutes later fhailes were seen issuing fire had made great headway, for the
from the cellar, and very soon flames structure wall composed of wood, ana
burst forth from eVfry flat. The smoke before the engines could be brought into
rose quickly and filled the building the play the fla.mes had burned through the
stairway acting as a funnel to draw the l'oof and were roaring high above the
fire upward. In the house at the tÏ1ne towering building. The moment the en-
were ?IIrs. Elliott and two children, one gines arrived they were run out up0n
four years old and the other t
Yenty the '" harf as close to the elevator a8 pOI'!-
months, and her aunt,
Irs. )Iillig:1Ji. The sible, the suction pIpes were thrown into
sight of the smoke seemed to throw the the Bay, and four streams of water were
Women into the grea test confusion. Mrs. turue'd upon the burning building. Every
Elliott ran to the dtairway, but that po
sible exertion was used to stay the
means of exit was cut off. Finding escape progress of the flames, but the nature
impossible Bhe and her aunt went to the of the building and the BÌhrt the fire had
back window which was forty feet from gat rendered it impof\sible. The firemen
the ground. She threw herself out at the worked diligently and manfully, though
window holding on to the sill, afraid to it was evident from the first that their
drop, until her hands and arms were efforts were all in vain, The intense
scorched 80 much that she had to let go. heat burned the great iron uars \vith
She fell on her feet, but sustained serious which the buiiding wa-s held togethu,
internal injuries of which she died some and then the thousands of bushels of
hours later. Her aunt was more fortu- grain pressing with an irresistible force

638

LAND
IARKS OF TORO
TO.

1
again,>t the walls, suddenly burst them
away on all eides, and the valu
-\bie
etores rushed into the Bay, filling it up
level with the wharf. The flour o;;hed3
were a180 totally con<lumed, with their
contents, 400 barrels of flour.
The Grand Trunk wharf extended out
from the Esplanade between Peter Itnd
Brock streets. It was then the finest
and most substantial wharf in Toronto
harbour, and had been erected two years
IJreviously, at a cost pf $25,000. The
capacious flour shed. capable of contain-
ing several thousand barrels of flour,
was only a few months built, and had
C06t $5.000 or $6,000. The elevator was
the main loss. The building was one of
the best of its kind in the province, and
was constructed at the same time as tùe
wharf, the whole having been built by

Ir. Shedden, of the firm of Hendrie &
Shedden, afterward3 J. Shedden & Co.,
cartage agents, 42 Front Btreet
eRst, who di
posed of the wharf
to the Grand Trunk. The elevator,
though known as the " Grand Trunk Ele-
yator," was the property of Mr. Shed-
den. Its actual CO"lt was $50,000. but
improvements had added several thou-
sands to that figure. Fortunately, it
was insured for $35,000, so it was not
a total loss.
Messrs. Gooderham & WortB lost 127
barrels of flour, Mr. W. P. Howland 200
barrels, and Mt" P. IIyland 10 barrels.
M06t of the flour was insured. The total
estimated loss was: The elevator, $50,-
000; wharf and flour Bheds, $30,000;
oats, $11,500; corn, $10,500; wheat,
$5,000
flour, $2,400; total, $10!},450.
The total insurance was only about $40,-
000, BO that the actual loss in round
numbers was $70,000. Messrs. Erwin &
Sloan, Oswego; Cheney & Ames, Oswego;
W. D. Matthews and S. A. Oliver, To-
ronto, were the greatest sufferers from
the grain burning. The origin of the
fire was supposed to have been some
sparks from the engine house near.
On the morning of February 23, 1865,
two hoUBos on the south side (If Syden-
ham street, the property of John Lang-
ton, were entirely destroyed. A small
house on .Adelaide street west, occupied
by Mr. Coyle, was destroyed on the 25th.
The dwelling house and warehouse of
Thomas Moran, on the Bouth-east corner
of Trinity and Palace streets, were com-
pletely burned on the night of :March 13.
.rhe loss exceeded $1,000, the amount it
was insured for.
On April 26, two houses on the eaBt
Bide of Seaton street, owned by Sergt.-
}Iajor Hastings, were also destroyed.
Damage $2,000; insured for $1,300.
On the 7th August, 1865, the Grand
Trunk was again a sufferer. About 11.30

on the cv('ning- in question a fire was
discovered in one of the wooden sheds in
rear of a row of brick houses fronting on
Bay street. Although the alarm wat!
gi ven immediately it was not until 20
minutes later that one of the pteamprs
was got in working order and directed
water on the flames. By this time the
fire had made great headway and then
caught the Grand Trunk offices on
the Bouth-west corner of Bay and
W<-
lington Btreets, and the adjoin-
ing residence of Dr. Adams, which
were Boon enveloped in flames. The fire-
men first, very fco1i!!hly, directed the
water on the offices and the burning and
already well-burnt stableB and left the
adjacent houses to the mercy of the
flameB. Hanlou's Hotel, OIl Bay street,
ignited, and Soon became a. total wreck,
and the flames were Boon rapidly feeling
their way along the roofs of Mr. W. P,
McMaster's and a vacant house next to it,
when the men received orders to pIa.,
th('Ìl' strealll8 upon McMaster's housl
,
and it was thus Baved from total destrw:-
tiOIl, although badly gutted. A detach-
ment of the 47th Regiment arrived with
their engine and set to work, rendering
valuable assistance. The Grand Trunk
lost about $1,500. A large number of
papers and some office furniture was
saved, but Mr. James Stevenson, assist-
ant superintendent, lost property to the
amount of $350. The Grand Trunk was
uninsured. Dr. JOB. Adams was insured
for $1,600, which did not nearly cover
his loss. Mr. Ed. Hanlon, Rochester
House, was insured for $1,800, loss more;
Mr. McMaster, insured for $1,500, about
covered his loss, Å house occupied by
Dr. John Bali, with stables, was badly
damaged; in..'mred. There were several
other houses and stables burnt on this
occasion, and altogether the damage done
amounted to $25,000. The fire was no
doubt incendiary, as the neighbourhood
was the resort of all the worst charac-
ters in the city.
A boy named George McLaughlin, ser-
vant to Dr. Adams, was, it is sad to
Bay, burnt to death on this occasion. He
was unable to escape from the attic,
where he Blept.
Not many weeks after the above fire
another one on the south-west Corner of
'l'emperance and Yonge streets did
considerable damage. At 1.45 on
Friday morning, September 8th, 1
(j5.
the alarm sounded for a fire at
Dodgson, Shields & Co.'s confection('ry
estn bliRhment, a few hundred yards t'ast
of the Bav street fire hall. The fire was
discov.l'ed a few minutes earlier by the
inmates of the confectionery place on
Yon

e street, which was connected with
the Tempcrance street establishmcnt by

LAKD
IARKS OF TORONTO.

639

11. one-storey brick building. ['he inmates Yong-e street, between Front and
of the Yonge street place were cut off Wellington streets, did considerable
from communication with the shop be- damage. The fire broke out about 5.80
low, so ran to the windows, and, with in the evening, and had gained a good
the assistance of a few bystanders, they I hold when first observed. The two fire
attempted to make their exit from the engines were on the ground almost im-
third storey of the building. Three clerks mediately, but the water tmpply was very
who slept in the upper storey made a limited, and beyond a few jets of mUll
descent by a rope, while from another and watß:', nothing could be got. Of
room one of the young men hung down course, the fire, left to itself, soon gained
and allowed himself to drop, being caught the third storey, and forced its way out
in the arms of the crowd below. As 9f the front windows, threatening the
soon as the Fire DepRrtment were on storeys on the opposite side of the street.
the spot, which was with great alacrity, Fears were also entertained for the
laddeI'8 were placed at the windows of safety of the adjoining stores, and 8S
Dodgson, Shields & Co. 's, fronting on Harris' store was the centre of a large
"l'emperance street, and two women, who and valuable pile of buildings, the de-
were in Ðne of the upper rooms, were got struction of them would have involved
safely down. Every effort was made to a great deal of damage to trade for some
,check the advance of the flames, but the time. The scarcity of water caused
east wind caused the fire to spread to matters to look still more serious, and
the brick houses of Mr. ScatJ1 and Mr. the engines ran wildly about from
Andrew Henderson, auctioneer, and at hydrant to hydrant in search of a
about 2.80 the rear of the Wesleyan Btream Bufficient for the occasion. After
Methodist church caught fire, but W:t8 considera'ble delay, one of them managed
extinguished. About the same time the to get a decent supply; but hardly harl
roof of the New Connection Methodi'3t it started when the hose gave out, sev-
-church caught fire, amI in an instant the eral breaches having occurred in it.
f'difice was in a bla.ze and burning so Meanwhile the flames were burning wild-
fiercely that all hope of saving the build- ly in Harris' Btore, which seemed to go
ing was out of the question, The fire like tinder, and showed themselves in au
then spread to Dodgson, Shields' place On adjoining hoop skirt factory, from which,
Temperance street and to Mr. J. Ed- however, they were driven after Borne
wards', stationer, and they were both difficulty, and much damage to the Btock.
completely wrecked. Messrs. Dodgson & It was only by the crowd passing up pail!'!
Shields' loss was over $4:0,000, insured of water that the latter store was saved
to almost their fnll amount. Mr. Beath, from destruction. The fire seems to
uninsured, loss $1,000. Mr. Henderson, have burned itself out without Bpreadin

insured for $800, loss covered. New any farther, having entirely destroyed
Connection church, loss about $10,000, Mr. Harris' Btore and all his Btock, the
Insured. This fire was laid at the Joor damage amounting to about $16,000 or
of incendiaries. $18,000, most of which fell on Mr. Harris,
On Oct. 26, 186('), St. Stephen's church who fortunately was iI18ured for the full
(Episcopalian), under the charge of Rev. amount. The cause of the fire W88 un-
A. J. Broughall, and commonly known BB known. The building Was owned by Mr.
"Denison's church;' was totally deetroy- John Crawford, and W88 insured for
ed by fire. It was supposed that the $2,400. At the enquiry, which was held
-church was entered by burglars to rob to find (lut the origin of this fire, great
the safe, which was there. Their efforts complaints were made at the inefficiency
being unsuccessful, they set fire to the of the water-works, evidence being put
church out of revenge. Two engines in to show that it was almost impossible
arrived on the sceue of the fire, but too to throw two Btreams of water at one
late to be of much use, and both the time, owing to the limited supply, and
church and the adjoining parsonage were that sometimes the water was entirely
destroyed. The church was insured for turned off at the tme of It. fire. After
$2,000 and the parsonage for $1,000. a long investigation the jury returned
The church was built of brick, and the the following: The jury, having com-
parsonage was a rough-cast frame build- pletcd their investigation of the late
iug, and they had been built at the ex. circumstances connected with the fire
pense of Brigade-Major Robert n. Denison. which took place on the premises occupied
The ruffians who did the damage were by Mr. w. n. Harris, on the afternoon
not caught. of July 26th last, feel it to be their
. The year 1866 does not give UB any duty to call the attention of the cor-
fire worth mentioning until July 26th, poration to the evidence given tò the fact
when a blaze which broke out in the that the inBufficient Bupply of water
wholesale hardware store of Mr. W. n. placed in jeopardy a valuable block of
Harris. situated on the west side of buildings, on which the insurance amount-

G40

LAND
IARKS OF TORO
TO.

ed to over one million doll:1.rs. The j'lFY sured. Messrs. Scovplls' loss is not
are a1lm surpI'Ï8pd to learn that some stated. The fire originah'd uear the fur-
portions of the city are entirely without nace, and was purely llccitlpntal.
a water Bupply at night. The jury are, The only other fire worthy of notice in
therefore, of opinion that the full power I this year occurred on Dec. 31, and COD-
of the water-works should at all times Burned the foundry of J. G. Beard & Sous,
be at the immediate and entire command I on the EßpIana.de, opposite the Korthern
of the fire department, and they would railway station. on Front street.
urge upon the corporation to insist upon I The alarm was given shortly after seven
a full discharge on the part of the water in the evening and the engines '\Hrp
companies of their obligation. I promptly on the spot; but the building
Not long after this, on August 8th, a bping- entirely of wood and a fresh breeze
destructive fire broke out in St. John's blowing at the time, the firemen were
Warù. Spreading with unusual quick- almost powerless to stay the progress of
ness, the fire had made great headway the flames. The fire enveloped the foun-
before the bells Bounded the alarm, and dry in a few minutes, and was borne
before the engines reached the spot the acrO!o1B the railway tracks in front of the
flameR had reached the large brewery of building, until the Kurthern railway 8ta-
:Messrs. Thompson & Burns. on the south tion opposite was scorched and smoking
side of Agnes street, east of Sayer street, in twenty places. It almost seemed as
from the residence adjoiuing, wl1('re it I if nothing coullI be done to save the other
had broken out. The building, being of I places in the locality, but fortunately the
wood, burned quickly, although two efforts put forth were successful. The
steam engines wpre on the spot, well ' I foundry was a total wreck with its Con-
supplied with water and aided by a tents. The foundry had only just been
drenching rain, and the names obtained I completed at a cost of some $8,000; it
complete poss('sHion of the entire place was insured for some $6,000. The North...
before any chance of extinguishing them I ern railway station was damnged to thfr
presented itself. ültimately, after great ext(,llt of about $800; covered by insur-
exertions, the fire was confined to the am'e. The origin of this fire was purely
brewery, which it completely destroyed, accidental.
as well as the house attached. The On July 16, 1868, came a. blaze Bucb
buildings were owned by Messrs. Rowell as bad 1l0t been seen for some years. Th6
and Payne. of Sayer street, and were un- origin of the fire, so far as call be
insured. Their value was about $2,000. learned, was some children who were
).IeBSrs. Thompson & Burns' stock was a pla;ring with matchps in the rear
valuable one, and was Ollly illsured for of l\Ir. .Tamps :Mumford's shop on the
$1,000. The entire loss was about $12.- east side of Yonge street, llorth of
000. The fire originated in wme o11t- Shuter, and it was supposed that
houses in rea.r of the brewery, and was they accidentally set fire to the shed.
accidental. 'rhe flames soon spread through the dry
February 24 saw the first blaze of the wood of the outbuildings, and the thick
year 1867, but it was not as disastrou8 smoke soon gave evidence of the locality
as it might have been, as the engines of the fire. and soon a crowd of specta-
were well supplied with water, owing torR were on the spot. The three steam
probably to the hilltS the water Com- I engines arrived promptly and were. dur-
panies got during the previous year. I illg the progress of the fire. placed so as
The fire broke out about half past eleven to prevent the spreading of the flames as
in the evening in the Car works of some new spot was threatened. One. how-

leBsrs. J. & A. C. Seovell, fronting the e"er, gave out about three o'clock, leav-
Esplanade, between York and Bay streets, ing only two to battle with the element,
and adjoiuing the factory of Messrs. One wooden building, occupied by Mr. N.
Jacques & Hay. The alarming headway L. Steiner as a marble cutting estab-
made by the flames rendered the total lishment, and seven owned by ex-Alder-
destruction of the latter building immi- man Bugg, and occupied by five different
nent; but by good fortune this was avert- I tenants. were enveloppd in fire almost be-
ed and the fire confined to the premises fore the engines could be brought to play.
where it first broke out. The engines The fire, however, confined itself more
arrived on the spot soon after the alarm to the othprs than to Mr. Steiner's pre-
was given, alld, after a little delay, did mises at first, and allowed the removal
good service in preventing the farther of some of the smaller pieces of marble
spread of the flames. The car shops were from the workshop. The outbuildings of a
gutted, but no damage was done to the row of brick houses. also owned by Mr.
adjoining premises. The building and a Bugg, were frequently enveloped by the
portion of their intemal fittingliJ were flames and an extensive lumber yard
owned by Mr. John Cayley, and were I owned by Mr. Drummond was within
worth about $8,000 alld were not ill- rench. In this yard stretching from

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO,

641

Yonge to Victoria streets was contained
ood deal of furniture burnt; loss abont
between five and six hundred thonsand $300; insnred. :1\Ir. Bugg had seven
feet of lumber, ber;ides shingles, laths, etc. wooden houses totally destroyed. They
The space which was covered by this produced a rental of $720 and were but
stuff was est
'I1ated in area at about half slightly insured. Mr. Drummond was the
an acre; it was situated in the very heaviest loser, his 106s being estima
d
heart of the block and the material con- at $10,000 and insmance about $4,000.
tained in it was excellent food for an He also lost a few small houseB on the
intense and laBting conflagration. The lane, which were insured.
Ir. N. L.
various piles of lumber and shingles Steiner had insurauce to the amount of
rapidly caught fire, until the whole yard $3,000, but his loss was above that.
was one burning mass. By this time some valuable Italian marbles he had
Yonge street was the scene of the wildest being badly damaged,
lr. !\[ercer was
excitement, business was almost entire- insured for $1,000, which covered his loss.
ly suspended and everyone turned in to Mr. Gourlay was insured for $1,300, and
help get the furniture, etc., out of the it was estimated that his loss would be
burning houses. About three o'clock a lit- trifling. )11'. Louis Equi lost a wooden
tIe rain fell and it was hoped that this building which was insured for $900,
would continue, but it Boon passed off I find that about covered his loss. Mr.
again; and the fire now doing deadly James Mumford was a large loser. His
work with a large row of wooden houseB stock and improvements he had effected
on Victoria street, also swept along to- I were worth about $2,000, of which only
wards Mr. Steiner's house on Cruick- $1,000 was insurel!. There were various
shank street, now 'Wilton avenue. This other small losses, but they are not
offered no impediment 3.lld soon suc- given. The firemen earned great praise
cumbed to the flames; and a brick I for their energy and pluck at this fire
house owned by Mr. L. Sisson was and the supply of water was excellent.
nearly being itB next victim, but, For over a year Toronto enjoyed the
by erecting a thick projection of absence of any serious fires, the worst
bricks
lr. Sisson kept the fire from the coming On August 4. 1860, and by it four
fence and pn>vented the house from buildings were destroyed on the corner
catching. The flames were thus prevent- of King and Princess streets. The pre-
ed from spreading any farther in this mises were all owned by Mr. C. J. White-
direction, and the attention of the fire- ' house, and were occupied by William
men was turned to Yonge street again. Parks, grocer; John Little, boarding
The fire had spread northward and de- house; John Collins, green-grocer, and
stroyed several small hOUSl'S in a lane Robert Adams, candy store
The fire
between Yongc and Victoria, but the started in Collins' building and Bpread
liberal streams 0( water poured upon on either side. The fire engines were
them prevented the flames from doing again deterred by It. lack of water, but
any more damage in that direction. Down the Hook and Ladder Co. did good ser-
past the Yonge street entrance to the vice. After the water was procured all
lnmber yard the fire caught the pre- efforts were made to prevent the fire
miBeB owned by :\11'. }[cPhail, stationer, spreading any further and these were
formerly of the firm of Brewer & McPhail, eventually successful. The occupantB of
and occupied by :1\11', Warren and the the hOTIses lost nearly everything, and
owner. Desperate efforts were made to were barely able to escape with their
extinguish it here, but the premises were lives. The building!:! were insured for $1,-
doomed, However after this the firemen 700, but were "mlued at over $3,000. All
were enabled to keep the flames from the effects, furniture, stock, etc., of the
spreading further, and, except some occupants were unill8ured, but the
slight damage to some more outbuildings, amount of loss is not known..
they had run their Court'le. The lumber A sad tragedy in Connectioa with a.
yard had completely disappeared, BO far fire occurred on September 17, 1869. The
as its contents were concerned, and for fire broke out in a block of house
on
BOme distance around it presented a the north @ide of Queen street, near
large extent of black and grimy ruins. Denison avenue. The buildings, which
The engines worked to a late hour were of wood, were occupied by
drowning the smouldering embers. The Henry ChaloneI' as a small dry
a.g
regate losB by this fire waB from goods store, Mr. Brown ll8 a saloon.
$30,000 to $40,000. The 10serB were as and a Mrs. Alexander kept a Bmall
followB: Mr, Wm. Wallace, a stable grocery in the east part of the block. It
burnt; lOBS about $100; no illBurance. was quite impæsible to say how the fire
Mr. Howarth, druggist, who owned three originated. All that is known is that
?f the houses burnt, lost about $1,200; immediately after it was discovered it
lllsurance $
Oð. Dr. Brunt occupied one made its way W'ith amazing rapidity
of Mr!. Drummond's houses amI had a through the block, amI in lesa than two

642

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

hours the whole was in ruins. The sad I ing, hurry and confusion, a good amount
part of the story is that two little Chil- I of work was done. The reels played from
dren were bUl"lled to death, and a fire- the slip on the !ake, each engine driving
man received injuries which afterwards two streams of water-one stream direct-
proved fatal. The two children, son and I I'd towards flooding the inside of the
daughter of Mr. Chaloner, were aged 6 malthouse and the others to subduing the
and 4. The fath:,r had only just time I fire in the main building, wetting roofs
to save his mnl life, and the mother and throwing a heavy stream upon the
threw the baby out of a window to him; most exposed point, at the south-west
but the t"illoke blinded and confused her, Corner of the new buildings. What ga.ve

tnd she fell out hers('lf, leaving the chB- perhaps peculiar power to the fire in-
dren, who were both burned to death. Bide the building, were the two large
When the fire brigade arrived two of elevators situated on the eaBt and west
the firemen, .Tames Kidd and Thomas ends of the roof. These were almost 12
Hurst went to the rear of the building feet square and served as draught holes,
with the hose, and were directing it on by which the intensity of the fire was
to the flames when a heavy brick chim- greatly augmented. The volumes of flam9
ney fell over with a crash. The debris which issued from these was prodigiolls.
buried Kidd, while Hurst had his arm The heat at times was so intense that
ht"oken and r('ceived other injuries. Kidtl peoplE' who had congregat('d about the
was with difficulty rescued from the burn- buildings were forced at times to r('tire
ing mass and taken hOlne. Although he out of the reach of the h('at. For a time
received the best medical attention and the fire seemed to be confined principally
care, he succumued to his injuries the to the upper storey, but it gradually
next day. The amount of injury done crept down, until the whole interior was
to property by this fire is not stated. a mass of flames. The roof by thia- timc
:Much sympathy was felt for :\[r. and Mrs. was completely destroyed.
Chaloner, who not long before had lost The fire had been confined to the 110rth-
four others of their family. ern side of the building, but the wind
At six o'clock on the evening of Tues- from the north caused it to take posses-
day, October 26, 186U, a small cask of sion of the southern Bide. The flames
benzine, in the fermcnting rooms of the burst through the windows right acrol3s
large works belonging to Messrs. Goodpr- the railway track, destroying the tele-
ham & Worts turLt, and Bet fire to the I graph poles and wires. About 7 o'clock
basement of the buihlillg. In a few miu- au OCCurrence took place that gave a 8till
ntes the flames sprpad along the floor, more fearful aspect to the fire. Into a
and, almost before the alarm could be I drain leading from the burning building
given, had sprung np all along the floor- I the burning spirits got access, and all
ing. Almost instantly workmen crowded I at once the centrp of the still heaved and
to the place. Intelligence was sent to I ' burst, and logs and stones and earth flew
the fire Btations, the alarm rang ont over all round. l
ortullately nobody was hurt,
the city and thc engin('s arrived on the but it caused the people to withdraw to
scene, already Bufficiently wcll indicated a safer dil!tance.
by the immN1Be mas:,es of flame which About eight o'clock it was feared that
were now rising, and which lighted up the storehousc which stood to the north
the Bky with a lurid glare. In a very of the distillery would catch fire, all a
short time the fire had obtained such fence and a quantity of waste lumber
ascendancy that the engines appeared near it took fire, and burned most furi-
almost hopeless, but, upon the arrival of ous}y. Adde
to this, a barrel of Bpirits
two of the engines, the firemen set to whIch Wll8 Iymg near exploded, and the
work with a heartinesB, good will and flames B('emed to lick the bottom of the
judgment which spoke well for their wall, as if anxious to be burning the
skill and pluck. Btorehouse. However, the attention of
The works consisted of old buildings, the firemen was directed towards it, anel
erected Bome twelve years previous, they set to work, and after an hour's
which included the mill and fermenting labour thiliJ portion of the premises was
rooms; on the south was the wharf, on saved.. By 8.30 the fire had reac.hed
which Wll8 stored a large quantity of a range of storehouses Bituated to the
spirits and other property. Running north west of the main building. The beaD18
from the east end was the new refinery and rafters began to fall, and immenM
or malthoUBe and storehouse, with spirits I vOlum . es of flames would burst forth.
in the vaults und('rneath. Close by was Then, now and again, an explosion oc-
the r
sidence of Mr. Gooderham. cUI'red withiu the building, and blazing
.As soon 8.8 the firemen arrived on the I rafters would shoot into the lake, and
f!pot the attempts to extinguish the fire be seen no more.
and save the valuable property beca.me By nine o'clock it was evident that the
s,-stematized; and, coneidering the crowd- I fite had donc its worst, and would

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

6-13

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D
IARK
OF TORONTO.

Fipread no further. But the interior of well under way. T
lOBS on the content8
the building was still on fire. The very of the building was alxJUt $1.")0.000; on
heavy timbers of which it WaB composed th-e buildings tlwmselves about $60.000.
caused it to burn slowly. Then a quan- The 1()68 was wholly covered by insurance.
tity of grain in the mill, which, as the On May 14, IS'lO, a destructive fire
floors gave way. fell to the ground, and destroyed a large. amount of property
remained a mast'! of red heat for houI's. on the south-east Corner of Hayter and
It was not until one o'clock in the morn- Teraulay stf'{'etB, the premises recupied
ing that the fire was extinguished, and by Meæl"8. McBean & Bro
. and Messrs.
the firemen stayed after that. playing Parish & Gorrie. T.he fire started in Me-
water on the ruins. The main build- Bean's engine h011Be and aprcad to the
ings. which were destroyed, cost $150,- builders yard of Pari&h & Gorrie, on the
000. The boilers. engine room and stone- north side of Hayter street, before any
hurst were valued at between $60,000 water could be brought to bear on it.
and $ï<l,OOO. At the time of the fire During a delay, ca\med by the want of
between 8,000 and 9,000 bushels of corn sufficient booc, the fire attained a mas-
were stored in the building, besides 80,- tery over everything combustible about
000 gallons of liquor in the process of the place, and
oon some immeDße piles
manufacture. and about 2,000 head of of lumber were ignited. From Teraulay
cattle, which had been left to feed on street the fire travelled paßt the rear
the refuse of the distillery. Altogether of ConB1:able Hornibrook'B hOMe to
the loss in buildingll, stock and other two new wvrkshopB be 10nJ?;ing to
expenses was between$lOO,OOO anò$120.000. Parish & Gorrie, and they were BOon
The firm were their own insure
. burnt to the ground. The brisk nOi"th-
About 12.45 a.m. on the morning of westerly wind which was blowing
Marctd 1, 1870, the Queen street bell faRned the flamM and blew the
Bounded an alarIa which was quickly sparks in every direction, and much
taken up by the other bells in the city. alarm was felt for the safety of the sur-
The steam enginps promptly turned out rounding buildings. By 9 o'clock it was
and a bright reflection in thc west end evident that nothing further could be
of the city guided the brigade to the done to a.rrest the progress of the con-
scene of the fire, which was the Northern flag ration, so a.ll efforts were put forth
Railway Elevator, at the foot of Brock to save the adjacent buildings. This was
street. When the enginee arrived the effected after considerable labour, and the
fire appeared to be confined to the fire at last burned itself onto Over 100,-
southern portion of the building and 000 feet of flooring was destroyed in
a.n endeavour was made to lay the hose Messes. McReans' premiscs. and a large
through a long shed leading to tile back number of window and door frames met
of the elevator. At the same time an at- the salDe fate. Messrs. Parish & Gorrie
tempt was made to run a train of flat also lost a quantity of valuable lumber,
cars into the buildin
in order that they but were fortunate in saving their work-
might be loaded with a portion of the I men's tools. Messrs. McBeans' workmen
flour which WM store-d in the building; I lost tools to the amount of $1,500. The
but before the hose could be laid. and total loss could not be ascertained cor-
before the train was ready to move in. rectly, but it was estimated at ooout
the fire ran along the roof of the shed $18,000, of which only $3,000 was secured
like a burning liquid. and it was with by insurance by MeB8rs. McBean. The
difficulty that several persona, who were ca.u.">e of. the fi
e was accidental.
within the shed, managed to escape. Up On FrIday, November 18, about a quar-
to this time some hope had been enter- ter past seven in the evening, the fire
wined that the fire would have been con- I alarm sonnded for a fire at "Boulton's
fined to a portion of the building. and Mill," on the north-east C?rner o! Bay and
that the bulk of the flour stored in the E8planade streets. The hre englllee were
sheds might be Baved. but any such hopes I promptly on the scene. and, a plenti-
were quickly dispelled by the perfect ful supply of water being obtainable from
volumes of fire 'wLich now enveloped the the lake, no time was lost in bringing
buildings. The exertions of the firemen the branches to play on the burning mass.
were now turned to preventing the fire The fire had broken out in the t
ird
from spreading to adjoining property. and storey of the southern p&rt of the bui-ld-
the crowd busied themsel ves running a ing, and when the engines arrived the
ncmber of flat cars oat of danger. The flames were bursting out of two of the
fiTe progressed rapidly and two hours I windows to f!uch an extent that it was
aIU:1l a half after the alarm was
ounded I ' feared no good cculd be done. The o
ly
th
Northern elevator was a ::n.
"8 of way to reach the place where the hre
ru-iDíl. The origin of the fire is a mystery; I appeared to be was through these two
it W'S...! discovered b;r a )oeomotive driver, windows, and a continuous stream w8.8
nJl<Ì when the alurm was given it was kept pouring intQ them. The office was

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

645

broken into and the books, papers and I fires, for on Dec. 18th, about 7.20 in the
safe were rescued. An hour aft:.>r the I evening, fire broke out in a yard of Mr.
flames hroke out it was obvious that no Clement's sash factory, on the south aide of
efforts could stop their progress; the I Front street, opposite the Queen's Hotel.
flames BOOn spread to the elevator, which I The alarm was given at the Queen's
fortunately contained but little grain; Hotel, and Mr. McGaw, with a few others,
aud the beams of the gallle, once on fire, went to too spot and extinguished the
hurnt with an inteusìty whick Boon flames with a few pails of water. At
brougAt them to the ground. The fire 11 o'clock the bells again rang the alarm,
ran throngh with lightning like rapidity, and this time the factory was really on
aDd by miduight all that remained of the fire. Before the E'ngines could be gat to
fine mill were four blackened walls; the play npon the building it was one mass of
interior, with the exeeption of the balie- I flames, which spread rapidly among the
ment, be-ing c.ompletety gutted. The combustible materials within. Almost
origin of the fire is a mystery. The from the outset aU hope of saving the
mill shut down at 6 o'clock as MUal, ! factory WlLB abandoned, and Mr. C
ments
aDd everything appeared to be all right; I directed the firemen to devote their en-
at 7.15 p.m. the fire broke out, nobody ergies to prevent the fire catching Messrs.
knew how. Mr. Bonlton estimated his Jacques & Hay's establishment, which
loss at about $30,000, of which $11,000 adjoined. Fortunately their efforts were
was coTcred by inenrauce. The firemen successful, and a still more øerious blaze
received great credit for the manner in was averted. Shortly after the fire
which they performed their duty. The broke out fI. conTincing proof of itß being
engines were promptly on the spot and the work of an incendiary waa afforded
th
bra.nches wen directed, and every- b;r the discovery that a stable, which
thiJIg done to øt.ay the fire that y;as was situated !!Iome dÏßtance from the fae-
poí:!6ible. tory, was on fire inside. This was ex-
About 11 o'clock p.m., ou Saturday, De- tinguished before it gained much head-
eember 10th, 1870, a fire broke out in the way. Had it not been, nothing could
øoo.p and can4Ye factory belonging to the have saved a large stock of lumber close
eøtate of .J. Carty, on the rotrtll-west eor- I by. About 11.30 the roof fell in, and by
!ler of Queen øtreet eat"t and George street, midnight nothing remained but the mere
whidl N!lulted in tbe OOIllploete destrue- shell of the building, with its burning
tion of the building and its contents. The contents in one Uaming hßa.p in the base-
alarm Waf! given by T. G. Tolhurst, and ment. The total køI by this fire Wf1.8
the fire brigade were quiekly on the $12,000. MI'. Clements Io8t on his stock
ground, and did good work in preventing and machinery $8,000, &rld was not in-
the fire extending to t
adjoiniu!!; nt"OP- sured, The owner of the buHdiDg, Nr.
erty. About three o'clock the building- I John Cayley, lost $4,000, and was alBO
was one mMS of blackened brick", and uninsured.
charred timber. The boolæ and accountli On October 14th, 1871, at two in the
were all rescued intact. Mr. Dodgr'Oll, I afterooon, a fire broke out at Milloy's
formerly ef the ficm of Dodgtwn, Shields & whaM and storehouse at the Joðt of
Morton, was tb.e leseee of the factory. He Yonge street. It originated in the aouth-
was irnured. but his Was was very con- eaet corner of the b1Ùldiug, fl.nd ø-pread
siderable. '!'hi.", W8ð one of the best fac- rapidly to the eastern part. The building
íories of the kind in Ca.na.da, fl.nd one of destroyed contained a large qu,antity of
the very first manufactories established grain, crockery and stOVel'!, the greater
in that part of TO!'onto. It WM opened portion of which were destroyed. The
very efl.rly in the "fifties," when Queen principal Jo.sen were: Thomas Dunean,

rt"et east was not even macadamized ' 14,000 blLlàhe
of grain; .James Young,
beyond Church street, and when au open 4,000 bushels of graiu; James Walsb,
stream ran 00. the f!O\lth ßide of the street \ 4,000 bWlools of grain; C, W. Farrell,'
from GCOI"ge to Caroline, now Sherbourne 3,800 bushels of malt; H. J. fuulton, 29()
street. The two brick
8 on the north- barrels of flour.
eWlt eorner of Jarvis aDd Q
en street The total loss am01i'llted to over $20,-
had j.Jst been completed, aRd all around 000, most of which was covered by in-
them WaB open fffoid. The remains of the IillUrance.
orchard belonging to the J arvæ home- T:wo good frame hou.see on the west
stead extended to the point where George side of George .treet, ju8t north of Queen,
nO'v Cl'ost'Je8 Queen 8treet, and when the the property of Mr. Lally, a B-herif-f'a
factory was
i
t it WM wnøidered a mis- I officer, vahled at $1,600, were deBtroyed
take to put It III !!Iueh an out-of-the-way I by fire at four o'clock a.m. on December
pla-ce. The fire swept it away Sf! a candle Z7th. They were fully iDBured.
factory, and the busineßt! wa. never re- , One of the worst fires Toronto had
eumed. been viBited with for 80me years bl'óke
:Kot yet had 1870 had its full quota of ant at 10 p. m.. ou February 14:, 1812,

64-6

LAND)lARKS OF TORONTO.

in the store of John Charlesworth & Co"
No. 35 Front Ftreet, on the l'JOuth side. It
WaJ'! dif!coven>d by a cOIl@table on duty,
and be immediately gave the alarm, and
the Bay 6treet engine promptly arrived on
the scene, but the prog-re6B and appear-
ance of too fire were snch that the other
engines were aigualled for. In the mean-
time the fire had burst through the roof
and was spreading over the cntire length
and breadth of the block. The cornice
beneath the windows in the highest
storey, after burning for a short time,
fell to the sidewalk, threatening to de-
etroy the hc8e, which was at once re-
mO\1led by the firemen with their hooks.
All the engines were in operation about
11 o'clock, two of them being placed on
Higginbotha.m's wharf, the others at the
tanks at the foot of Bay street. The
hose of the former being carried aCrOS8
the track, all traffic was Btopped. Up
to about 11 o'clock there WaB no pro-
gress made in the direction of taking the
gocde from the stores on either side of
that porti
u of the premises which WaB
burning: but as it seemed that no pro-
gress WaB being made against the flames,
the order was given to commence the re-
moval of the goods. and the work at
once WM taken up by 8. score of men.
By midnight aU hope of saving the build-
ing seemed to be l08t. Monitory jets of
emoke were obs.rved issuing from the
roof at intervals, westward of where the
fire was raging in the central part of
the block. The several storeys of each
store, which was /Separated from the ad-
joining by a brick partition, were euc-
cessively burned out, and still the fire
advanced beneath the roof to the ad-
jacent portions. The iron front, from
which the block took itð name, now gave
way, part falling inside and part on the
pavement. At one o'clock there Beemed
to be no chance that any portion of the
building would be save<l. Hundreds of
men and boys were engaged in removing
the goode from the Bcene of the fire to
where it was thought they would be
eafe. As the conflagration progressed, it
becaIDß more and more evident that no
part of the block could be saved the
engines oot being of sufficient pow'er to
send a stream of water higher than the
third storey. ThemaIlBardroof.being
composed of boards covered with the
combuf'tible felt roofing. was always the
first portion of the building to ignite;
the iron front began to lean outwards,
8000 no stream of water could be got to
reach it. At 1.45 a.m. the block of one
Oi" two warehouses in the rear broke
into flames and burned with great fierce-
neea for some time. A few minutes be-
fore two o'clock a large portion of the
building fell with a. crash that was heard

.
over a grea.t part of the city. The flames also
rea.ched the old Custom House and did con-
siderable da.mage there, but the books,
papers, otc., were secured before the fire or
water got to them,
The firemen did not cease pIa ving on
the fire until 10 o'clock the next morn-
ing, and the scene was a sad one. With
the exception üf three IiItores, the whole
row was completely destroVf'd. The total
1088 amounted to about $400,000 the
losers being: 1\11'. Staunton, who
wned
two of the buildings, which were worth
about $35,000. The greater portion of hiB
stock was Baved, He had insurance for
about $20,000. Messl'S. John Robertson
Son & Co. saved most of their stock and
were insured in various companies for
$40,000. Messrs. Thomson &: Burns were
believed to be inøured f()r about $9,000.
Messrs. Brummell & Russell l0t3t all their
Btock, but it W88 insured; amount not
stated. Mr. S. S, C'ß,rupbell lost the whole
of his stock of lenther belting, valued at
$R,OOO; iDBurance $5,000. Messrs. Bar-
clay & Evans' stock was entirely con-
sumed, It was valued at $70,000 aoo the
insurance was $25.000. Livingston &
Johnston, who slLved a large portion of
their stock, were il11mred for $13,000. Mr.
Myles was insured on hiB stores for $36,-
000. Mcssrs. Thomas Walls & Co. saved a.
considerable amount of their goods. Their
loss above insurance was about $50,000 .
their insurance W!l8 about $107,500:
Messrs. Dobbie & Cnrrie had about $120,-
000 worth of stock, of which they sa veà
$30,000 worth, They were insured for
$70,000. The origin of this most disas-
trous fire iø not mentioned, but it is eup-
posed tha.t it waB accidental,
work
of re-building the block was proceed
.à
with as soon aa the weather permitted,
The excitement caused by this fire had
hardly time to subside when the rest of
the block was burned to the grounò. The
fire broke out on Sund&y, May 12, 1872,
in the wall paper factory of Mes8UI.
Staunton & ('0., and it was soon s
n
that the buildings of the Iron Block a>>d
Mr. J. B. Smith's I umber vard were in
danger of being destroyed: Bay Blr
et
engine was the first to arrive and Wf1S
Rpeedily got to 'Work, but not before the
flames had obtained such headway Q.8 to
render a.ll chance of saving the fa.ctc
,
with itB va.luable machiner:", blo;:bp
stock, etc., hopeless. Soon after the fi

broke out the boiler in the engine rOQQ1
burst and the walls of that portion of tJ.e
fa.ctory facing
lIuth were blown on te
the Esplanade, Tùe flames spread rapi
jy
through the wbole length of the buildin:.t'.
and BOon the lumber in Mr. Smith's y..u'd
was made the prey of the fire. Mr.
Smith's office also caught, and that (Wee

LAXD:\IARKS OF TORONTO.

647

on fire, another Iron Block catastrophe west Corner of Richmond and Shep-
seemed inevitable, as the wind had risen pard stl'eet
, The flam.es had al-
considerably and was driving the flames ready gained great headway when
in a,ll directions. The roof of Messrs. the fire engines arrived, and the11 110
?ttilloy's storehouse WM on fire three water c01Ùd be got and the fire raged nn-
times, and it was only by dint of the checked. Water was at length obtained
g-reatest exertions that serwUl!! damage from the corner of York and Richmond
did not ensue. The Hn rbor CommisRioner's by one of the engines, and subsequently
office wa.s the next to gfJ; Mr. Smith's three others got it a,..t different points.
offiee and the last named buihling burned b. spite of all the efforts put forth by
up like tinder, and all the efforts of the the firemen, the whole of Mr. Burke's
firemen to cht"ck the progress of the fire buildings and lumber piles, together with
were futile. The sparks were carried half a dozen dwelling houses, were swept
about by the wind and soon the mansard away. Mr. BUTke's lOØB WM about $20,-
roof of Mr. Staunton'
store was observed 000; insura.nce, about $9.500. The other
to be in a blaze, and the flames worked houses destl"oyed were occupied by Mr.
their way round to Messrs. M. Fisher & John Singletou, Mr. Frank Orris. Mr.
Son's premises next door. Both stores Richard Clarke, Mr. Nathaniel Baker and
were soon wrapped in flames, aud the Mr, Ed, J. Burton. The contents of these
only stream of water brought to play buildings were completely destroyed. The
upon the buildings facing Front street next b11ilding to the west WM owned antI
was a miserable a.ffair. All the premiReß occupied by Mr. Dan
l Brooke. Here tàe
between Sta uvton's store and the flames were arrested, after doing dam-
Esplanade resembled one vast furnace. age to the extent of $2,000 to tbe house
By seven o'clock all the upper stories of and furniture. Mr. Brooke was insured
Fisher & Son's and Staunton's stores for $3,000. The total lo!'ls by this fire
were irretrievably gone, and presently was estimated at about $30,000. Its
the 1'001 fell in wIth a trc>mendous crash. origin is not known.
At half-past ReTen the fronts of both On July 1, 1873, the water-works were
stores were obf>erved to totter and a few taken over by the corporation from the
i!(>COlld.'l after they fell; when the pmoke water company which had been operat-
and dust cleared off nothing was to be ing' them. The matter had been under
seen of the building bot one or two frag- I comdderatian for some time, and it was
.ments of parting wans and a mass of without doubt a decided improvement on
debris in the street. However. after this the old way.
the firemen prevented the flames from A firé on Dec. 1st. 1873, almost com-
spreading any further and by ten o'clock plet(;ly destroyed the Primitive Metho-
all was safe and the firemen eeased pour- dist church on the f'outh Bide of Alice
iug water on the ruins. The origin of the strel.'t, about se'venty yards from Yonge
fire is a mystery; it was supposed to street. The fJame.3 were first seen
have 8tarted in the engine room of by a policeman about 3 a.m., and
Ht..'lunton's f:1ctory, The property de- he at once gave {he alarm, but
stroyed was valu{'d at about $150,000, by the time the engincs arrived and
of which
{r. Staunton lost about $110,- got iuto 'working order the fire had
000; $Gû,7GO being covered by in
urance. made cc-UF'iderable headway. The flames,
},fessr8. Fisher & Son's loss could not be which started in the wooel work near a
correctly lI$certained,
Ir. Smith lost register coming up frum the furnace, ran
from $20,000 to $25,000 and had insur- up iuto the cupola and the'l1ce spread
fillC'e for $13,000. along the roof. From the roof they crept
On June 30, 1872. a fire broke out down into the interior of the chMrch, aud
about 5.15 a.m. in the engine room of when the fire brigade succeeded in ex-
Messrs. Joab Scales & Coo's tobacco tingui"hing them the whole inside of the
worb, on the fouth side of Palace, now building wae allllo"lt completely gutted.
Front, bi;reet, just east of Frederick The floor was not burned, but was
ry
Htreet, which damaged the engine much damaged. A few of the pews
and machinery to some extent, and eBcaped and the fra.mework of the gal-
did damage to the raw tobacco, which 1ery and one or two pillars were intact.
aBlounwd to $-1,oUO or $5.000. The total All the rest was a total wreck. The
estimated loBS was between $fI,OOO and organ was entirely destroyed. The whole
$10,000. Fully insured. The promptness 1088 was about $13,000, $10,000 on the
and efficiency of the fire brigade pre- building and $3,OUO on the furniture and
Teuted a very disastrous conflagration organ. The insurance was $8,000 on
on tlUs oceasi.on. the building and fixtures and $2,000 em
On Saturday morning, April 5. 1873. the orp;an.
aLent 4.30 o'clock, fire was discovered About 11 o'clock on the night of JallU-
on the premises of Mr. William Burke, ary 20th, 1R7-1. the old Ro).al Lyceum.
lumber merchant, ctc" on the south- situated near the l{æsin House, on the

648

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

lI!IOuth side of King street, was discovered the other fire, looking like a pile of rubies
to be in flames. These spread with such such as the boldest writer of fairy tales
rapidity that in le88 than an hour no- never imagined."
thing was left of the buildin
but the Other losers by this fire were Mr. Tay-
bare walls. It wa.e owned by Mr. French, lor, rough-cast dwelling, W. Campbell,
and was occupied by Mr. Tannehill, the grocer, J, Franks, grocer, and some
piece performed on the night of the fire smaller ones. Campbell was not insured
beiug "The Murder on the Hudeon!' The but all the others were believed to be.
damage was about $18,000, a.nd Mr. While a ladder was being raised
Freud! was ineured for $15,000. agaiDBt one of the buildings on Front
On January !:Jth, 1874, the premieee of street in the midst of the first fire, a por-
James Miller and W. J. Smith, cabinet tion of the machine f&il, seriously jnjur-
makers, on the south side of Shuter, clm:;e- ing a fireman named Carruthers in the
ly adjoining Yonge "treet, were entirely epine.
destroyed. The damage was about About 4 p. m. on Monday, May 25th,
$3,000. six houses on the east side of Sea. ton
The c
ek toll-gate on the Kingston street, from No. 65 to 75 were entirely
road, now Queen Btreet east, just west destroyed. The occupants were William
of MiB lane (Broad view a.venue), was Gorrie, Robert Stevenson, Richard Har-
fired by incendiaries on the night of bert, John Edwards, Mrli. McCarthy and
March 26, 1874. and burned to the G. J. Fitzsimmons. The damage was
ground. reckoned at $3,000, the houses being
A fearful fire broke out on the night frame and valued at $500 each.
of May 10. in a wooden building on the The premises of Davies & Co., situated
north eide of the Esplanade, No, 60. QCcu- between Front and Mill streets on the
pied by John Taylor & Co., as safe manu- western bank of the Don, were discover-
facturers. Thið was entirely destroyed. cd to be on fire on the afternoon of June
From there the flamee spread to the 23rd. Very great damage was done, the
premisC8 of Neil Currie, No. 52, boiler main buildings and several adjacent 8heds
maker. Lyman Bros. &: Co. had a ware- including three ice houses, being destroy-
hotlße in this neighbourhood, wLicå was cd. The loss was covered by insurance.
all!lO damaged very greatly, and some A large fire occurred on the morning
" pattern" shopEl, tenanted by a Mr. of July 28th at the oilcloth factory occu-
Little, were also destroyed. The fire pied by Davies &, McCullough on the cor-
worked northwardß, antJ flOOD the pre- ner of Wellesley and Ontario streets. A
miseß of Messrs. Smith & Keighley, whole- large brick building was cntirely des-
sale grocerø, and the stock of Thorne, troyed and the loss, only partly covered
ParsollB & Co., leather merchants. were by insurance, amounted to several thou-
destroyed. These buildings were on the sand dollars.
Muth side of :Front street, to tbe east of About 4 o'clock on the morning of March
Church street. 30th a fire broke out in a block of Bix
The l088e8 were 8.11 follows: Lyman rough-cast buildings on the south-east
llroe. & Co., $3,000; Taylor. John &: Co., corner of Gerrard and Ontario streets.
$20,000; Little, $500; N. Currie, $10,- Four of them were completely destroyed
000; Smith & Keighley, $100,000; the remaining two almost so. The cor-
Thorne, Parsons & Co., $20,000. ner house wa8 a hotel, proprietor Edwin
With the exception of Neil Currie, who Hough, and managed by Charles Lamb.
only ha.d a $1,500 policy, all of the above Next to it was Mrs. Dixon's millinery
were protceted by insurance/!. The build- f;tore. then Charles Johnson's the sta-
ings were the property of Mr. A. M. Smith tioner'ß. Chown & Braine, butchers, H. H.
aud were also covered. \\ hell the Espla- Hammond's grocery, and E. Anderson, a
nade fire bad been burning for about an bl;' ker. The total loss was about $3,000,
hour, an alarm came from George street not more than half of which was insured.
that the ice hOUðe8, Nos. 15 and 17, on A fire not only destructive to property
the eallt side of the street, v;ere in flames. but where human life was sacrificed,
'l'hey were occupied by Samuel Hill Ii broke out on the morning of May 31 in
Co. A report of the time says: the millinery etore of John Miller, 329
"In a few minute.a an engine arrived Yonge street, Oil the eastern side, seven
on the spot and was speedily set to work doors eouth of Gould street. Despite the
but too late to save much of the proper- efforts of the firemen the flames buret
ty in the block. The entire shell of the I through the upper storey find the roof of
ice house Boon afterwardß fell exposing a the store, llnd extended next door to J

scene which in gorgeous beauty could not U, Hammond's, the hatter. The upper
be surpassed in the imaginary regions of I Btorey over the two stores was Miller's
fairy land, blocks of ice being piled to
ilwpllimr, 1,p F:ublcttimr a. por'lit)11. oJ. i

what appeared to be a great height, each ( :to James :Kash, a painter, anõj his Lwife
'
of which Bparkled in the lurid light from .b...
$ J;ll

J.:
1JJ:ûÁ.
, Pu..
c, 1:!1 Olle.

LAXD
IARKS OF TORONTO.

649

Mleep, but Miller and his wife succeeded bel', together with a great deal of ma-
in making their escape while :\lr. and chinery and ma.ny tools belonging to the
Mrs. Nash perished. The cause of this fire workmen, was also destroyed, The total
was supposed to be incendiarism. The loss loes Was about $8,000, The illSuranc

was about $6,500, only partly covered, so was only a... little more than a third
far as Miller was concerned, by insur- of this, $3,000.
ance. For some months no fire-a of any great
On .June 9 one of the largest fires that consequence occurred in the city. On
To!'Onto had seen for many years broke August 30 great damage was done to
out in Good's foundry on the north-east I the premises of C. P. Reid & Co., 29 Front
side of Queen street, just east of Yonge street east, on the south side. Damage
street, which was totally destroyed. The to the amount of $15,000 was done, which
fire spread to Yonge, destroying the pre- W8.'1 fortunately wholly met by insurance.
miBes of J. Rowland, on the corner, No. Hamilton's foundry, on Front f'ltt-eet
73. Mr. Rowland was a dry goods mer- east, between Berkeley and Parliament
chant. It next took 75, G. Goulding's mil- streets, was utterly destroyed by fire on
linery establishment, 77, J. F. Davies' the night of November 21. The damage
music dealer; 79, George Ellis;
1, .J
done exceeded $200,000, and it W3..<\ only
A. Cherry, dry goods; 183, .John Lnmbe; insured for about $50,000. Over 200 men
boots and shoes; 187 and 18D, Sarno & were thrown out of employment, and the
Johnston, cabinet makers; 191, Neil Mc- whole of their tools perished in the
Eachren, the Albert Hall came next and flames.
was greatly damaged, then 1911-2, P. E. A fire occurred at the Central Prison
Noverre's, tobacconist, and the livery on .June 21, 1877, in a brick building
stables of J. G. Snider, in rear of 103, occupied as a bakery, etc. The damagv
were greatlJ" damagN1. done amounted to about $500.
On Queen street, adjoining Good's foun- Metcalfe's foundry, known as the "Don
dry to the eMt, on the corner of Victoria Foundry," on the sonthern side of King
street, wail a saloon kept by E. Dawson. street ea.
t, dose to the Don, was entire-
This wa.a entirely destroyed, while on ly destroyed on the night of July 12th,
Victoria street :KOB., 58 to 72 were gut- 1877. The building and its contents were
ted. The illBurance on the Yonge street valued at $7,000, and were only insured
houses and their contents exceeded $40,- for a little over $2,000. This was the
000, of this $6,000 WM on the Albert fifth time Mr. Metcalfe had been burnt
Hall block. There was no iIlBurance on out.
Good's foundry and only $1,600 on 58 and Sunday, October 7, occurred one of the
60 Victoria etreet. The reflection of the most disastrous fires of the year. About
flames from this fire was seen plainly at three o'clock a.m. the premises on the
:Kiagara and also at Whitby. east side of Teraulay etreet, between
The Toronto Kut and Bolt Works on Buchanan and Hayter streets, owned and
the south side of Little Richmond st;eet occupied by the Canada Coffin Manufac-
just east of Bnthurst street, owned by turing Company, limi
d, were burned. to
Mcsprs. Robb & Co" were entirely de- the gro
n? The COff.Ill company occupIed
stroyed on the night of June 20. The the bUlldmg as theIr work shops, and
building and contents were fully insured at the time the fire took place it was
but there were many tons of coal stacked filled with a large "tack of manufac-
on the premises, which were uninsured tured goods and r
v material, all of
and proved a total lo.
s. ' which was destroyed. The loss to the
Only a very brief !teriod elapsed when company exceeded $20,000. Over 1,400
on July 12 Collins' brass foundry, 612 coffm.8 were de
troyed,. besides a
argc
aud 614 on the west side of Yonge street stock of matel'1al, wInch all pCrIshed
just sou
h of Bloor, was destroyed, and eit
el' by fire or
y water. The amonnt
Mr. Colhns' dwelling house as well as oE msurance carrIed only amounted to
that occupied by Thomas Robinson great- about one-third of the damage done. "The
ly damaged. The lo.'3
was e"timated at only way to account for the fire is by
$n,OOO, Mr. Collius being insured for attributing it i:o incendiari
m:' Such
$ü.OOO. I was the remark made by the Globe news-
Booth & Sons' st<<:>am copper works on paper in reporting the blaze, and the
the Esplanade. OIl the north side. near I othel' dailies said the same.
the corne
of Bay street, were destroyed On Xm"ember 20 Oliver's lumber yarù,
on the lllght oE August ] 8. The loss on the west side oE Lorne street was par-
amounted t? about $6,000, which was tially destroyed by fire, and great fear
co
er
d by lllsurance. was entertaiued that the Queen's IIotel
I.o}Jl, ll..<:ou Mc?onald
Co.'s planing mill would go too, but afteT half an hour's
ûTI. the south sllie of MIll street east was hard work on the part of the firemen

.,
pl('tely burneù out on the evening of all danger to the latter building was
i.member 6, A large quantity of lum- I averted, besides a considerable portion

650

LAND:\IARKS OF TOR0
TO.

of Oliver's property being saved. The ed exactly west of the paint shop, and de-
damage done was to a great extent cov. stroyed it, with the piles of lumber and
ered by the various policies of insurance staves betweeu the various buildingq.
held. Two flat cars and a dozeu box carB,
On .June 22,1878, a fire of a very de- standing on the tracks of the Northern
etructive nature took place in the pre- railway, between the shops, were con-
misei'! occupied by Mr, J, W. Philips, sumed, together with a quantity of lum-
build '1', on th
' 80uth-el1el corner of E'iz:1- bel' in rear of the paint shops. All these
beth llnd Hayter streets, Damage to the buildings, with their contents, were abso-
extent of $7,000 was done, but there waS lutely destroyed.
ampl!' insurance. Thomas Carroll, who OC- The stores, buildings and machint'ry
cupied an adjoining Rash and blind fac- cost, with the foundry, $40,000. This was
tory, waB all but burnt out, his loss a total 10000s. The IOS8 on the uthcr build-
reaching' $3,000 and he was only insured ings brought the sum up to nearly $100,-
for $2,000, Mr. J. E. Turner and Mr. J. 000, which, fortunately for the city, fell
D.
IcArthur, leather belting manufac- upon the insurance companies, and not
tU1"ers, were also losers, each about $1,. I upon the taxpaJ-ers. Great as was the
000. damage to property, it is pleasant to
A fire broke out on the evening of: learn that there was no harm done to
September 30 in the planing mill and: life or limb, The caus-e of the fire wa

handle manufactory of C. T. Brandon & 1 never accurately agcertainf'd,
Co., in McDonell square, eouth side, off Stewart's flour mill, on the north-east
Bathurst street. Owing' to the inflamma- I Corner of Frederick and Esplanade streets,
ble na ture of the building and contents: was greatly damaged by a fire which
the flames f!pread rapidly and destroyed: broke out
n the e:vening of
ovember
most of the property, including the ma- lR The mIll contamed about 200 har-
chinery find stock. Tht' firm were insured rels of flour, and between 2.000 and 3.000
for $3,000, but this did not quite cover, bushels oi wheat, which were destroi-ed,
the lose, The fire was supposed to have &'3 WM all the wooden machinery, such
been accidcntal and to have commenced J I as spouts, elevators, etc. The los8 ex-
in the boiler room. ceeùed $4,000. which was more than met
Gearing's sash and door factory, Nos. I by the irumrance carried.
118 to. 124 Esplanade etreet, on the I On Good Friday, April 11, ISï!), what
north sIde, Wl1S entirely gutted on the wa
known as the l1ar1\:('t Elevator, on
afternoon of October 9. The fire broke I the Esplanade, almOHt opposite the foot
out about 4,30 and it was about 6 before of George street, was entirely consumed
it was completely subdued, the damage by fire, which broke out just before seven
amounting to more than $3,000. Th(' fire' p.m. The whole of the fire brigade were
was caused by the high wind which pass- , on the ground very soon after the alarm
ed down the chimney with such force 813 was sounded, "For fully two hours,"
to blow the flames out into a lot of I relates an eye-witness, "there was no

havings some distance off. The shaving's abatement of the flames.,. although it
III turn communicated with tht' wooden might have been supposed that the very
work above, and so thE' conflagration oc- I intensity of the fire, combined with tlw
curred. Happily for Mr. Gearing he was I inflamm:lble nature of the material it
ins\1rt'd fully. bad to feed upon, would have been suf-
At 12.20 on the morning of Wednesday, I ficient to burn itself out in a very short
Xovemùpr 13th, flames were discovered I time. On the contrary, however, it blazpd
issuing from the south-west corner of the I away fiercely until everything of a com-
paint shop in the Central Prison yard, bustible nature had been consumed. The
The main building, the prison proper, oc- I acene ùuring the progress of the fire waR
cupies the east side of the qUadrangle' j profoundly impres...;ive. Distributed around
At the point most remote from this. the the various docks in the vicinity ,\ere a
south-west corner of the walls, the fire number of schooners, and these vessels
originated. All the space between the afforded admirable positions for hun-
rear wall and the main building WM dreds who dcsired to obtain a good view
occupied by workshops, piles of lumber of the scene. * · · Taken altogether,
and stavps. The yard was also full of it was a weird sight-the thousands of
comb\lBtible material. and once thf' flames spectators crowding vl'ssels, wharves and
started they spread with alarming rapid- houses, the exceeding brilliancy of the
ity. The paint shop was consumed in a light giving the water in the bay a re-
few minutes, and soon the saw mill. ùr y - , semblance to blood, and the schooners in
iug kiln and engine room, on the north the harbour the appearance of phantom
"ide of the paint shop, were in flames. tlhips-cornhined to form a spectacle liot
The wind also carried the flames to the readily forgotten by those who wit-
large store room filled with woodenware, nessed it."
and other inflammable material, situat- There waq no doubt that the hre wlla

LA
D
L\RKS OF TORONTO.

6.31

caused by an incendiary. This could by Robert Moore, hotelkeeper, and T.
readily be seen from the fact that the Booth, grocer. The !ire
pread rapidly,
fire was started in the upper storey, and soon envcloIled the {"inion Hall, a
where, if unobserved for a short time, large wooden building to the ,,'est of
it would be utterly impossible to get it Moore's. The@e w.'rc all quickly levelled
under control. The building had been to the gI"Ound, very little of their Con-
unoccupied since the previous October, tents being sayed. Moore was insured for
which was another fact 1'0iniÏng out de- $5,800, but Bootb was uniwmred. The
sign in the origin of the fire, The dam- total damage excecùed $10,000.
ag
done was about $50,000, and towards Another somewhat 8erioUB fire broke
covering that amount there were policies out on the night of May 29 in the pre-
of immrance amounting to $20,000. mises of Baillie & Downey, millers, on
On the night of Wednesday, July 16th, the north side of King street west, now
the shoe factory
-f W, n. Hamiltòn, on N'o. 88. The mill was not in use at the
the north 8ide of Front street east, eight time the fire occurred, and there was
doors from Yonge street, caught fire. and, no stock there, but the damage amounted
",ith its contents, was entirely consumed. to more than $2,000.
The building, l
O feet long by 50 feet Priddie'/o; C8 binet factory, on the north
wide, was four storeYR high in front and side ..')f Duke street, was almo,>t destroyed
five in rear, and was insured for $15,000. by fire on the night of July 23. The dam-
The machinel'y was insured for $10,000, age WM about $2,000; iusUl'anee $1.200.
and the stock fOI' $60,000. Mr. Hamil- The stables of the Black Horse hotel
ton's l
s, though, was very heavy, as on the north-east corner of Front Rm1.
he had just purchased a heavy iot of George streets together with a workshov
leather, etc., in anticipation of the fall and two other stables a.djoining were en-
trade. til'ely con"umed by the fire which took
A disastrous fire occurred on the morn- place there on the evening of Friday,
jng of September 8, in the premises of September 17th, 1880. The owners were
Christie, Brown & Co" on the south-'west Å. O'\:ford, hotel proprietor, 'Vood, tin-
Corner of Duke and Frederick strel't8. smith, loss about $2,500, and O'Connor
Damag
was done to the extent of $20,- and Davison who occupied the other
000, 'which was more than covered by stables. Oxford's loss was about $GOO
the insurance carried. and the two latter about $230 each. No
The bouse-furnishing store of Noah L. less than thirty horses were in the stables.
Piper, 16Ð, on the east side of Yonge, when the fire occurred all of which were
three doors from Queen, was destroyed safelv rescued.
by fire very early on the morning of Sep- A .very destructive fire occurred in
tember 11. The loss was morc than $25,- Parkdale between three aud four a.m.
000, only $18,000 of which was insur
d on September 23, 1880, causing the tot.tl
for. destruction of a hotel, fancy good:; shop.
The Grand Opera House, on the south drug store, gI'o
C'ry. and a coal, wood
f;ide of Adelaide street '\vest, between aIlll lumber yard oUice. The fire broke
Yonge and Bay streets, fell a victim to out on the gJ'Oun.l floor of G. A. Devlin's
tire very early on the morning oi :Kovem- drug store, on the north side of Qunen
bel' 29, Mr, and Mrs. Bandmann's com- street west, now Nos, 1502 and 1504-,
]Jany were fulfilling an e11
agement at clü3ely adjoinil'g the Parkdale Hutel.
the time, and, with one or two exceptions, The building whl'1'e the fire commenced
the whole of the costumes belonging to WM owned and partly occupied by A.
both ladies and gentlemen were destroy- McKnight, who 108t eyerything. G. A.
ed, as well as the scenery and stage Devlin lost all his stock of drugs. Mr.
accessories, I
ad as this wus, it was no- McBeath's coal o\rice was entirely dc-
thing to the loss of human life which oc- stroyed. H. Timm..;' loss, who kept the
curred. Robert Wright, the stag" cnr- Parkdale Hotpl, and owned the block in
penter and caretaker, his wife and ùaugh- which it was situat:> 1, was a total one.
tP1". a child of about ten years of age, It was valued at $-1:.000, with a slight
wpre unable to cfìect their escape f
'om insurance. T. P. Worth occupied the
the burning building and were burnt to other part of the Timms block as a fancy
dC'ath. A man named Thomas Scott was goods store. His furniture and stock we1"e
also seriou,;ly injuIed, in jumping from flaved, but were greatly damaged. The
an UPI,er window, but evt'ntually he 1'1.'- total loss was about $8,000, The iw;:ur-
('overed. The damage donc was et5timated ances were a,> follows: Devlin's los8 $2,-
at
j.i7.000, and the insurances reachE'd I GOO, insul"ance $::-00; McKnight. insur-
$4-2,000, ance $!H5: ,T. P. Worth, illlmrance $1,-
A.t 11.30 p.m., Thursday, May 7, 1880, 700; II, TilUnu
, in
urance $2,200 j Mc-
a hre broke out in a block of rough-ca.<:t Beath, irumrance $50.
huilllings on the ea.<;ter11 corner of Duf- A fire occurrpd in the Rpvere block,
ferin avenue an.'t Queen stl'ept, occupied on the south side of King, west of York

65

LA
D)IARKS OF TOROKTO.

street, Oil Frida.y, December 3. by which
a young woman named Nellie Edwards
Wß.<;J BO terribly burned that Bhe only sur-
vived her rescue for a few hours, Two
firemen, named r!'spectively William For-
flyth and Martin Kerr, w!'re badly burneù.
The dam3.ge caused to the Revere block
wa."! not la.rge, about $8,000, partly in-
sured against.
Early in the morning of Monday, March
28th. 1881, a fire broke out in the stables
and driving shed occupied by Terry & Co"
136 Front street east on its northern
f'ide, which completely destroyed the
buildings, and six horses stabled there
were burnt to death. The total damage
('xceeded $2,300. The insurance was not
nearly sufficient to cover the loss.
A row of cottageB on the south-west
corner of Robinsou and Lumley streets,
four in number, were destroyed by fire
on the night of April 5th: the loss was
about $1,500, and only a small insur-
ance.
Newspaper offices have been peculiarly
unfortunate in the matter of fires. On
Sunday morning, April 10th, one occur-
red in the World office on the eMt side
of Yonge stre!'t. Fortunately the dam-
age done was small though a number of
people had a narrow escape from being
burned.
A disastrous fire occurred between 7
and 8 o'clock on the night of January
12, 1882. It originated in the premit'les
occupied by the firm of Gillespie, Mead
& CoO., on the north side of Wellington.
near Bay t'!treet. The firm just mention-
ed occupied tbe second, tbird and top
storey of the building, while the first
flat and bal!!ement were rented by the
firm of Gillespie, Ansley & Martin. whole-
sale dealerð in hats, caps and straw
gooùs. Next door to the east were the
premises of Houston, Foster & Co.. im-
porters of cloths. The upper portion of
the building WM entirely destroyed, as
was the stock it contained. Gille8pie,
Ansley & Martin's stock wal'l greatly
damaged by water, as was also that of
Houston, Foster & Co,. but all three firms
were fully irumred.
FEARJ,I<:SS FIR1UIE
FIGHTI
G Ff,\.1\IES.
The above alliterative headline appearf!
in one of the papers of February 2nd,
1882, above an account of tl1e great fire
by which a great portion of Hay & Co.'ø
furniture warehouse amI manufactory on
the Esplanade, at the foot of York 8treet.
were entirely destroyed. The fire was
discoV(>red at 10..10, and at 11 o'clock
the roof of Hay's warehouse was in a
blaze, and the fire eating slowly down-
ward soon communicated with flam
s
which had bUI'",t in througL the side of
the building. The fire gathered strength

and fury every moment, and soon
attacked and con"umed everything in-
flamma ble within ita reach. "It appeared
as if a very hell Wae raging on the
wharf and the intense heat melted the
ice for fully one hundred yards out into
the bay." The quotation is from a COIi-
temporary account of the disaster. and
its atatement.'J are fully borne out by aU
the information given by the paperB of
the time. The rapidity with which the
flames spread over the furniture estab-
lishment of Hay & Co. if> to be accounted
for by the fact that not only was the
structure a frame one, but in it waB
stored a large quantity of newly varnish-
ed furniture, besides oils and turpentine,
of which a large tltock Wall always ]eept
on hand. Fully 10;000 people were gather-
ed along the Thplanade in the vicinity of
the fire on the streets leading to it and
upon ",uch railway trucks and steamboats
M occupied a good position for sight see-
ing' tberefrom. Conger's coal yard cloHely
adjoined HaY'B factory, and in the stable
were four horses, all of which were burn-
ed to dea tti.
As regards the damage done Mr, Conger,
in whMe premi6el! the fire originated, had
between 8,000 and 4,000 tons of hard
coal stored away which was all more
or less damaged; the wharf was also
partially injured. Mr. Conger'@ 106B wa8
about $20,000, on which he ha d i Ill'll I"-
ance of between $9,000 and $10,000 in
different companies. Hay & Coo's lose
WM the heaviest. It amounted to $90,000
with insurance carried for only one-third
of that amount. One fireman belonging to
No. 4 section was injured by a burning
brand falling on him, but b..:1ppiJy was
not long on the sick lÏ1!!t.
The oM City Flour Mills on t1
north-
east Corner of Esplanad3 and Frederick
etreets finally disappeared, '.fell an eafTY
prey to the flames." late in the evening
of March 27th, 1882. It was in a dilapi-
dated state and was only worth about
$1,300 which was a total loss.
J Ul'!t forty-eight hours later on :\Iarch
2Ðth, another fire broke out on the Es-
planade on the westenl Corner of Lorue
titreet, occupied by John Oliver & Co's.
planin
mill and drying kilns, the Garden
City Barter Purifipr Comp:my, the 80ho
foundry and the Toronto Waggon Wheel
Company. The scene at the beginning
was disheartening owing W the extent of
th9 mill and the inflammatory nature of
the materials contained in it. But the
firemen under Richard Ardagh worked
bravely to prevent its spread. The fol-
lowin
incidcnt happened while the fire
wa
boing fought on the east and north:
A loud crash was heard on the west side
of the burning pile and the V8St crowd
rushed madly along Espl::madl' str('('t to

LAND),IARKS OF TORONTO.

651

flee what bad happened. It was then dis- about balf way between Bay and York
cOTered that the flat roof of the Soho streets,. was destroyed by fire. The
foundry upon which were working the flamefl were first discovered about 6
"Whole of the men of No. 2 section of the o'clock. a.m., and by seven nothing n'-
fire brigade had fallen in carrying with mained of the building but a few :rards
it the whole of the- men. Kevertheless they of smoke-blackened wall. The opera house
all but miraculously escap@d, only two of stood on the site of the old Royal Lyceum,
them receiving t;;light injuries. destroyed by fire in January, 1874. A
The 108131'13 were very heavy, Oliver & new building wrus at once commenced, and
Co's. being the largest, about $33,000. opened to the public only nine months
The total 10..<;8 was about $30,000, and the later, on September 14. 1.'be Cot'lt of the
ineurance was lesa than $20,OUO. Hoyal Opera House, when completed, was
On the morning of November 9th, the $64,500. AdditiOllB had been made to the
building, tenanted by the G. W. R. and value of $8,400, IWld the properties. etc..
owned by the
orthern Railway Com- brought the total value up to about $80,-
pany, flituated on Dock :Ko. 6, and known 000. The illflurance was only for $15,-
all the flour and through freight shed, was 600, conf!equently' the lesaee's 1088 was
burned to the ground, the contenÌB also very heavy.
being all but a total loes, The property About 5.30 p.m., on November 20th. the
destroyed cOlliBiflted of the shed, valued woodenware factory ofT. C. Br&llOOn &
at $6,000; nine flat cars. worth about Co., in the north part of the Central
$2,000; four box ..carB, in value $1.200; Priflon yard, was found to be on fire in
and all the office papers. The railway the rooms adjacent to the engine house.
companies were fully insured. InRide the The firemen worked with a will, but BOt
ebed were stored between 1,200 and 1llltil hours had elapsed were the flames
1,500 barrels of flour belonging to dif- under control. The loos was estimated at
ferent ownem, Coffee & Co. being the $40,000. of which $15.000 was on the
principal Onetl, they having no less than building, which belonged to the Govern-
!JOO barrels stored there. 'l'he remain- ment. The latter were insured for $19,-
del' of the contenta consisted of several 000, Brandon & Co. for $6,000.
hundred kegs of nails, a large quantity The complete destruction by fire of
of glru3S and BOIl1e eartoonware. Donogh, I Erskine Presbyterian Church, on the north
McCool & Oliver loot a large quantity .ide of Caer-Howell street, facing the
of lumber, about 250.000 feet. in val-ue I end of Simcoe street, occurred on the
about $6,500, upon which there was an aftenlQOn of Sunday, January 20th, 1884:.
insurance of only $3,500. When the flames were first discovered the
.. As the clocka were striking the hour" Sunday echool had not been dismissed, and
of midnight, on January 16, 1883, the it wall only owing to the presence of
safe works of Bain, West & McLean, on mind displayed by the teachers that a
the eouth-west Corner of Front and Fred- panic WM averted. However, everyone
prick streets, were found to be on fire. got out of the building safely, and none
In fifteen minutefl the whole building WaJI were injured. The flames spread rapidly,
enveloped in flamefl, and in all hour and and by 6 o'clock of Erskine Church no-
n. half the place was gutt
d. The lOBS thing but flm()Uldering ruins remained.
wafl about
25,000, and this was covered The pulpit, Bible, a few cl1.'3hioilll and
twice over by the ill8uranceB carried. the organ and piano used in the lecture
Davi
& Co.'s storehouse, on the north- room were Baved, but the grand organ
east corner of River and Queen street and the small one used in the Sunday
east, was very badly damaged by fire school were destroyed. The Sunday school
early in the morning of Sunday, February library contained over 1,000 volumes,
4, 1
S3. The building in question was of which were all destroyed.
,,00<1, and adjoined on the north side a Erskine church WaB opened for service
substantial brick malt kiln, being of the ou the third Sunday in I:;eptember, 1878.
same height as th
lattl'r, which possess- It coot $29,000 and was able to seat
ed three floors. On the first and third 950 people. It W8.B built of white brick
floors a door connected the kiln with the with cut stone facings in the modern
storehouse, the latter being filli'd with Gothic stylet! of architecture. On the
ellOrmOUf! wooden bins, in which were south-erur;t corner was a square tower
fleveral thousand bushels of barley in 135 feet high, which wa.s a very promi-
flteep.. Th

reater part of the interior nent feature in the 6cenery of the neigh-
of thIS bUlldmg was destroyed, as well bourhood. There were five E'ntrances in
as the contents. The total loss was about I the
..ont of the building, so had the fire
$3.5,000. there being illBurance towards occurred during either morning or even-
tlm; of $21,000. l ing ser.ice the c-ong-rega tion could have
At an early 'hour in the morning of both quickly and eaRily made its way
FclJruary 8th, .the Hoyal Opera lIonel'. into the street. Thpre wns insurance of
Qn the flouth Side of King street Wl'st, $20,000 on the building, cOllsoquently the

654

LANDMARKS OF TORO
TO.

congregation were soon able to build im'mediatply under the offices tenanteù
themselves another church. by the :r\ew York As."Curance CoillJ3'-'1-ny

The destruction of Adamson & Chap- The flames met little to feed upon until
man's grain elevators on the Esplanade they reached the top fIat, the northern
3t the foot of WeBt :Market Btreet occur- portion of which was occupied by the
red at 7 o'clock on the evening of Janu- Mail 118 a cmnfJO.<;ing room and the south-
8.1';Y
1. The .fire broke out in Adamson'B I ' ern portion by the ?elI Tdephone Com-
bmldmg, WhICh waB at the extreme end pany. In the Telepnone Compan.y's pre-
of a long wharf. On the weBt, and quite mises at the time were six young ,women,
close to it, but on another wharf, Btood who had Bome little difficulty eventnally
Chapman's elevator, while on the end of in effecting their esc
pe Ú"QIIl the burn-
a wharf on the eaBt of it was L. Yorke's iug buihJiug. All were B8.ved, though,
Bteam Btone works. The firemen worked and happily DO accident {'ither to life
hard, hoping to prevent the fire extend- or 1imb wag the rt'Sult of th
fire. The
iug to Chapman's, which it unfortúnately damage done wa-,q pril1('i.paUy in the pre-
did owing to ',he water Bupply being in- miseB occupicd t>y the Telephone Com-
fi!ufficient and eventually reached Yorke'B pany. It Wag estimated at $20,000. and
etone ;yard. was fully covered by insurance. Many
Adamson'B and alBo Chapman'e building!:! I oi those who occupied offices in the Mail
were entirely destroyed. At the time of I building had their property injured by
the fire the former contained 145,000 water or smokc, but ill a week'fI tiIllß
bushel!'! of grain, of which 1
0,000 bu
hels ' I those injuries were fujly repaired.
'Were of wheat, the reet beulg compü6
d At 12.25 on the morning of Monday,
of oats, peas and barley. In Chapma
t'I Aug. 3, 1
85, one of the worst fires that
elevator about 25,000 bushels of gram ever occurred in the histor y of Toront
were stored, valued at about $27.000. ,.' '" 0
The grain iu thi3 building WM princi- blOke out lD the large brIck bmldmg. on
pally owned by a Mr. Sproule; that in the Esplan::tde, at the foot of Freùel'lck
Ada.mson'l:! by the following: A. V. Dela- s.treet, known as
he Grape Sugar .He-
porte, 40,000 bushels; Taylor & Oates, I fmel'Y. In ten mmutes from the tune
35,000 bushds; Crane & Baird. 25,000 I the alarm was gtven the wholc of the
bUßhels; J. B. McKay & Co., 2,000 bush- grape sugar building WLtg a mass of
el@; James GOO'JaIl, 4,000 bushels; Mr. I flames. The heat WM intense, and it
Slater, 2,000 bushels. was impoosible for the firemen to ap-
The total l
ses in this fire reached proach the factory, and even if they
$62,000, and the insuranc
on build- could, all the water they could have
ings, grain anù plant gcnerally only poured on the building would ha.ve been
ampunted to $31,000. Mr. Adamson was usel
s8. The fire continued to spr8a
,
the heaviest loser. Mr. Chapman was and m a few moments the schooner Anme
wholly covered by iwmrance. Mulyey, lying in a Blip alQUgsidc the fac-
The sa.me night a fÜoe occurred at 98 tory, was burned to the water'B edge,
Lumley Btreet, destroyiug the bakery of
Villiam Mc.c
llum,
e of
er crew" be-
1\11'. Hall and an adjacent 8table. A mg badly lllJured. Saulter s, Evans, S.
horse stabled therein Wa.!! burnt to death R. Heakes' and GUl18eIl's ooat housefl were
and the bake house and itð contents wer
next de3troyed. Elias Hogl'l's' coal
wholly destroyed. The damage amount- wharf with it!! pile
of lumber, Polson
ed to $3,500; partly covered by an in- &
.'B eygine and h.?il
r
vorks, the
surance policy for $1 200. CUl'l'le bOlleI' wùr1.s, "llhams and Hen-
The great soap w
rks at the Don vf narc:J.gon's boat house and. Graham's ice
Morrison, Ta;ylor & Co.. of 77 Front I house came next, and wIth them were
street east {)Ill the north side near West burned the flChooneI'l!l Mary .Ann aud
Market 6h:eet were found t
be on fire i Madeline. Further weBt were Pol
on &
on the eveniu'g of February 12th. The I Co.'B machine shop8, Steele Bros.' stables,
works were eituated dirætly on the Ad.alI
soll's phster shop: Chapman & ,Co.'s
banks of the Don, on the north side of bUlldl1l!?s aud S,yl:vester B eleva
or.s, 'Illese
Front, east of Beachell street. They were I all J.X'.n
hed. BC,;Ide8 these bUlldlllgs. t

absolutely and entirely consumed. The f
Ilow1ll
ves.se
8 were destroyed
a hst 18
lOSfl exceeded $70,000. The amount of in- / gIven wIth thl'lr valuc: Steamer Mazep-
SUI'H.nce WM a little over $4:0,000. pa, $H,OOO; ste
m('r Anuie Craig, $4.000;
Quecn'B Birthday WM duly celebrated I steamer OntarIO, $
,OOO:. steamer Ther-
in Toronto in 1884, by none more dili- esa, $5,000; schooner :\nllle Mulvey,
4,-
gently than the proprietors of the Daily O
O; BChoouer Madelme, $1!000; yacht
Mail, for they, not content with the fire- Mmden,
500; yacht Verol1I
a,

,OOO;
works prOTided by public catl'rere, had yacht FlIght, $1,000; yacht
ew Ya.cht,
a. bonfire all to theml';elves. About 9.30 $3,500.
a.m. fire waf! discovered in the paper The total loss was estimated at aoout
room, in the basement of the building, $G50,OOO, anJ the insurance, distributeù

LAND
IARK.S OF TORO:NTO.

655

among twenty-spyen different companies, with the machinery and stock. There was
amounted to $181,799. fortunately no lo.
of life or injury to
Among the losers were the following: anyone.
William Polson & CoO., boBerrnaki!!f'S. $60.- On April 1, 1886, a second fire broke
000; .T. R. Bailey k Co., coal docks. $SO.- out in the Mail bnilding and again in
000; WilBon & Sons, øeale work.8, $25.- that part of it occupied by the Bell Tele-
000; Crane &, Co., coal docks. $6.000; phone Company. The damage done to the
.Tames A. Warin, boathouse. $5.000; Elias Mnil Printing Company's property was
Rogem. coal wharf. $1.500; Saulten' under $15,000, but the Telephone Com-
boathou.se, $1.000 ; Thomaø Pmle. macbin- I pany Buffered to the extent of $20,000.
ûrt, $1.000; and many smaner ones. In both CaBe6 the losses were fully cover-

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1

DJAGRAl\l 8F THE ESPLA!SADK FIRE, SIlOWING PLACES BUR
ED.

The following number"" correr;ponding ed by iDBurance.
with tJKxlJe on the plan, show the principal On May 22, for the third time in less
wharves and elevators destroyed: than two years, fire again broke out in
1, Glucose factory, where -thp fire start- theMail building. This time it wae in the
ed: 2, vacant Bpace, where the schooner job printing department. The fire origi-
Ann Mulvey WM moored; 3, Elias Rogers nated in the rooms occupied by Alex-
& Coo's wharf: 4, Taylor's wharf and anJer & Cable, lithographers, and from
elevator: 5. Adamson's wharf and ele- there worked its way downward to the
vaÌO!.": 6, wharf and elevator, owned by compOfling room of the Mail job office,
Sylvf'8ter Bros. & Hickman: 7, Church and beneath that to their job office and
street wharf aIllI Bailey & C'-<>o's coal press room and upwards, to the editorial
yard!'!. floor, and Btill higher to the composing
Henry Wort, the watchman in the room of too Maile
sugar refinery, wa."J unable to make his The Mail's losl!l on this occasion was
escape from the building, and was burned very severe, a great quantity of new
to death. lIe WM a pensioner, baving type being destroyed, and Alexandpr &
BPrved in the 44th Regiment, both in the I Cable's 1088 was alBo severe, about $10,-
Chineee and Ru"sian wars. 000. In both ca
s the losers were fully
Another terribie fire occurred at Morri- protected by the insurance carried.
Bon & Taylor'B 808.p factory on the Don Firstbrook BrO.'!. box factory, 273 King
on the night of Decemba 8, whereby street eaBt, on the BOuth side, east of
damage was done to the extent of $42,- Berk
ey Btreet, wae, with its contents,
000. It Will!, thou.gh, more than covered entirely degtroyed on the morning of
by the amount of iu...<mrance carried. In Friday, June 11. The loss exceeded $18,-
IpSEI than an hour the byilding, which had I 000, and the insnrance on the factory
only been put up about two years pre- and its contents was about $14,500.
viously. WM all but deBtroyed, together I A disastrous fire broke out about 3

656

LA
D
IARKS OF TORONTO.

o'clock a. m.. on September 24th, in the I by Taylor Bros., of "'est Market flll<l
premises to the rear of David.'1on & Hay, Colborn!' streets, amounted to about $2.-
wholesale grocers and liquor dealers, 36 000. Martin Bros.' loss was $6,000, and
Yonge street, on the 'western side north they were in<;ureò for $3,000. The build-
of Wellington I5treet. The front building illgs, worth $4,000, were a total loss.
was not verý seriously injured, but the Hewitt & Harve;y's loos amounted to
I5tock was to the extent of many thou- about $5,000, while that of J. 'V. Hine,
sands of dollars variously estimated in who was not insured, reached :fJ,00. "ThG
amount from $7;-),000 to $100,000. There origin of the fire is unkno-wn." That was
was Îll.8urance to the extent of $71,000 in the report of all the papers on the next
ten different companies. day.
The wholesale drug and chemical ware- Yet another blaze o
urred at the Cen-
house of R. W. Elliott & Co., 3 Front tral Prison late in the night of August
Btreet east, almost on the BOuthea8t cor- 29, 1888. when the paint and storeroom
ner of Yonge, was entirely destroyed very caught fire from "some unknown cause."
early in the morning of October 20th. The building- was a frame one, 100 x 50,
The fire broke out at 3 o'clock a. m., and WM filled with highly inflammablt'
and by five o'clock it was under control, I material belonging to the Brandon Manu-
but the entire contents of the buihling I facturing Company. 'l'his burned fiercely
were a burning heap of ruins. The total and in less than half an hour the build-
loss was $71,83::>, and the insurance $79'- 1 ing and its contents were a mass of
000. Two of the firemen 'were injured, charrell and blackened ruillB. The Bran-
namely, John Fallon of Court street, who I don Company's 10138 was about $12,000
fell from the second storey to the ground, find the building was worth about $1,-
and James J. Creighton of Yonge street, 500. This was fully covered by the iDBur-
who was struck by a piece of falling tim- ance carried.
bel' and had his arm dislocated. Samuel, Benjamin & Co.'s wholesale
The Crompton Corset Company, on the hardware store, No. 58 Yonge street, on
west side of York street, No. 78, was de- its western side, just south of Melinda
stroyed by fire on the afternoon of Feb- street, WRS g-reatly damagell by fire on
ruary 5th, 1887. Owing to the number October 23. Great as was the harm done
of frame buildings in the immediate by the flames, water, though, did much
vicinity, great fears were entertained of more, and when the dHmages came to
an exteuBive conflagration, but this be a.B8eBscd they reached no less than
happily was averted. The damage done $75,000. The iI1.<mran
e carried, though,
exeeeded $11,000. The insurance was more than covered this.
$5ï,000 on fltock and building. OIl Thursday, January 18th, 1889, a
For the eecond time fire visited the very bad blaze occurred at l\IeBSrs. (kJusi-
factory of Lamb & Co., glue and black- neau's store, 7 and 9 King street east,
ing manufacturers, at the head of Sumach 011 the south side, just f'aat of Y
mgl'.
street, 011 the morning of Sunday, May 'I'he damage to the building was CClvpr-
20th, 1888, 'I'he centre building contain- ell by a few hundred dollars, but the
ing a large amount of machinery for stock was almost destroyed by fire,
making saud-paper, blacking, etc., was water, smoke and cinders. The insurance
entirely del5troyed, and great damage carried, though, was more than sufficient
was done to the stock. The total loss I to fully cover the 108s, which reached the
exceeded $30,000, and the amount of ill- sum of $18,042.
Sllrance was only $12,000, less than half The well known chair factory of HE's!'!
the amount of loss. & Co., situated on the west sid6 of
Hewitt & Harvey's box factory, on the I Strachan avenue, close to We1lin
ton
north side of Britain street, took fire avenue, was destroy,-,ù 011 the night of
shortly after noon on June 5th, and it March 20, 1889. The factory I5tood on
spreall with Buch rapidity that in five a triangular piece of land, the bMe of
minutes the entire building was envel- which rested on Strachan avenue, while
oped in flames. In a few minutes the on the south side ran the G.T.n. t':"ack.
fire spreall to Pease & Coo'a furnace fac- On the north side were Inglis & Hunter's
tory, 151 to 155, on the Bouth side of shops and the grounds of the Central
Oueen street east. The firemen worked Prison. At the point of the triangle a
-l.ell, but, d
pite their effort8, the fire railway track entered the grounÙB so as
f'pread to Martin Bro':!.' carriage factory, to Bhip the stock more easily. . Standing
adjoining Pease & Oo.'s. Within half an there at the time the fire occurred w'erp
hour that building Wal'l destroyed, M well several box cars. TheRe caught fire amI
MOlle occupied by J. W. Hine as a .horse were a total lOBS. With the exception
ßhoeing ehop. Pease & Co. had $20,000 of the engine house, the buillling was of
of stock on hanù. half of which was de- wood. The engine and boiler room Wail
stroyed. The lOi\s was covered by insur- of brick, and Btood at the, east('

ance. The damage to the building 0'\\1100 end of the building. .A new engllle Co.c;t-

LAXDMARKSOFTORONTQ

657

lng $1,600 had only been placed there I western wÍ1
'was saved. "It was 8.
the previous autumn and this was en- I Bad sight," said a paper of tIle time,
tirelv destroyed as a matter of course. " to Bee the once handsome building. the
The
fire broke out at 9.20, and by 11 I great Beat of learning for this provinc!',
o'clock there was nothing léft of the en- I a m
ßs of cold, hard, cracked walls and
tire building and its contents but black- I smoklllg embers, and many of the old
('ned walls and charred timbers. The loss I students, now professional men in the
reached $55 230, and the insurance $42,- city, turned sadly homeward after view-
500. The c
use of the fire was never l ing the destruction of their beloved alma
clearly ascertained but some thought it mater."
was the result of spontaneous combus- I The library, with the exception of 100
tion. volumes saved by the assistant libmriön
The lead and colour works of A. G' I Mr. Brebner, consisted of about 3:3,000
Peuchen. on the north-west corner of books and wall an absolute loss. Four
Front and Princess streets W&S very bad- large volumes af Audubon's birds of Amer-
ly injured in the basement and first ica, of which there are only known to be
Btorey by a fire which broke out there four other copies on this continent, were
on the night of October 5th, 1889. 1\Iuch among the volumes which perished. They
mOre damage though resulted from water were valued at $1,500, and the total
but heavy as was the lOBS, nearly $13,- value of the library was about $100,000.
000, it was met by the amount of insur- The total loss by the University fire
ance. reached the appalling total of $3G:3,706,
.Another big fire broke out on the night with no greater insurance than $150,000.
of 1\ovember 29th in what is known as I Recently one of the professors of 'Varsity
the Truth building, on the south Bide of was asked to give some particulars of
Adelaide, a little to the west of Bay the great fire. He declined, and quoted
street. The various o
cupants were: for hiB reason a portion of the opening
Truth Publishing Company, Auxiliary linefl of the second book of the Aeneid,
Publishing Company, La.diefl' Journal, S. I "Jubes renovare delorum. · quaeque
F. and C. A. Wilson, Orange Sentinel, ipse miserrima vidi." "Thou enjoinest me
J. S. Williams, J. T. Reid, W. W. 'Yells, I to renew an unutterable grief which I
Jooeph Moore, Toronto Paper Box Com- I myself have witnessed (experienced)."
pany, Churchill & Co" yeast manufac- Seldom has a wittier reply been given.
turers; G. T. Pendrith, machinist, and Exactly one week elapsed and another
S, Crawford & Co., stamping. The 'fruth great fire occurred in the city in the
building was the home of a number of I premises occupieù by the Gendron Manu-
publishing firms and other industries. facturing Company, on the SQuth side of
Among these the chief sufferers were, Wellington, just west of Yonge Btreet. The
Churchill & Co., J. S. WillialllS, Joseph flames, driven by the wind, extended to
Moore and the Truth Publishing Com- the east, and greatly damaged the pre-
pany. The building was deetroyed so mises of White & Petter, dealers in l

far as the interior was concerned at the and fancy goods. The fire originated iu
back, but no great amount of damage the upper Btorey of Gendron'B, and by
was done in the front. The loss to the the strenuous exertions of the firemen it
various occupantø of the premises ex- was confined almost wholly to the storey
ceeded $14,000, which, most fortunately I in which it commenced. The damage done
for them, was fully covered by the in- to the buildings reached about $5,000,
6urance carried. to the stock about $4,000. The illSurance
Valentine's day, 18!J0, will ever be a was ample.
memorable one in Toronto's history, for A month elapsed, and again on a Fri-

m the evening of that day fire broke out day, on March 21, a fire broke out in
m the University building, in the Queen's the premises of the Brush Corset Com-
Park, which in a few hours reduced pallY, OIl the north Bide of AdeLa,ide, eru:;t
that noble building to a heap of ruins. of Bay street. The fire b!'gan at a few
It WM the day on which the annual con- minutes before 8 p.m. For a short time
yersazione was to be held, and many of it was feared that it would extend both
the rü<?IIlB and corridors were gaily decD- east and w!'st, but the firemen succeeded
rated lJ
honour of the event. The cause in confining its ravages to the point
?f the fl
was the upsetting of a lamp where it broke out. The 10013, which was
II?- one -:{ ü
corridors; it broke and the covered three times over by the insurance

nl ca.ug.h
fIre, which Bpread with amaz- carried, amounted to $13,Ð09.
mg rapl,dlty. Up the Btairway shot the Some months passed away, and once
f
amee, mto the I'('ading rooms, into the more on a Friday was there another
lIbrary, to convocation hall, to the big blaze, the lumber yard and planing
s
nate chamber, nothing was spared. The mills of Scott & CrORs, on the north siùe
fIr:
roke out in the east end of the I of Hayter street, together with two small
bUlldlllg, and only a portion of the Bouth- cottages, being greatly damaged by fire.

658

LA
D:\lARKS OF TOROXTO.

The amount of the loss Wllß $16,162, and matter what the cause. The loss was
the iwmrance only reached $11,000. nearly $7,000, fully ill8ured.
The premises occupied by the Dominion J ames McIntosh's Hour and feed store,
Plate Glass Company, :Ko. [,7 Victoria 109 Front street, eaet of Jarvis on the
street, on the eastern side, were seriously south side, was gutted in the early morn-
damaged by fire on the evening of Janu- ing of Sunday. April 10th. The damage
ary ]4, 1891. The loss reache-d nearly reached $13,800, and the insurance
$12,000, more from water than the slightly exceeded that amount.
flames, though, anð the insurance was The seven-storey warehouse, part of
$S6,OOO, so BB far as the Glass Company which was occupied by James Skinner as
wal'! concerned the interruption caused to a wholesale crockery dealer at 56 Wel-
trade was the worst part of the business. lington street. on the north side, west of
About 10.30 on the night of April 9, Mincing lane, was very badly injured by
1891, the piano factory of Heintzman & a fire that broke out on the evening of
Co., on the 80uth side of King, just east I :May 19th. The l08s was variously eeti-
of the Rossin House, Goldstein & Co.'s mated, but whatever it wIU!-ooe paper
cigar store, and Quinn's shirt warehouse puts it at $26,OOO-it wag quite covered
were all greatly damaged by a fire by il1lmrance.
which wag supposed to have broken out The Morse Soap Company's factory, 531
, on the premises of Goldstein & Co. The Front street, on the south eide, east of
loss amounted to all to about $32,000, Deachell street, was very badly damag-
Bnd each of the thrí'e firms whose pre- ed by a fire taking place there on Aug.
mises llnd stock were injured either by 11th at 10 p.m. The loss was about
fire or water were fully protected by in- $7,700, covered fortunately by insurance.
surance. _ The American Rattan Company's big
A. Dorenwend occupied No. 103 Yonge factory on the south-east corner of Kia-
street as a dealer tn hair and fancy gara and Tecumseth streets was dis-
goods, and had his place almo,,;t ruined covered to be in flames early in the
by fire and water on the morning of .May I morning of AugulSt 26. By the hard work
18. The premises were on the eastern side I of the fire brigade the flames did not ex-
of the street, three or four doors 80uth of I tend further than the three upper floors,
Adelaide street, and when the fire broke but a magnHicent display of goods, which
out it was greatly feared the flames the company had prepared for the '1'0-
would extend to the adjoiùing premises. ronto Industrial Fair was entirely de-
They were checked in time, though the strayed. The macbinery, being in the
damage amounted to more than $13,000; ground floor, was uninjured. The loss
the iIlBurance was $20,000. excl'eded $16,000, the immrance $21,000.
The last day of 18\H witnessed a very A fire which broke out early in the
bad fire at the carpet warehouse of J. G. morning of September 8, at Tushingbam
Foster & Co., on the north side of Col- & :jons, 102 Adelaide street, we8t of Shep-
borne street, eàst of Leader Lane. The pard street, did damage to the extent
warehouse was not much injured, but the of $25,000. The owners of the building
stock was to the extent of nearly $30,- lost $10,000, and were not imlUreù. \\.
000. The insurance carried was ample. P. Smith, wood turner; F. H. Boehler,
The stables of the Verral Livery Com- tinsmith; Grant, bamboo manufacturer,
pany, <YIl 61 York street, were destroyed lo.':!t $5,000. $3,000 and $3,000 respec-
on January 11th, 1892, by a fire which tively. The first of these was fully in-
broke out there in the evening of that sIll"ed, the second only partly, and the
day. :r-<ot only were the stables del'ltroy- third not at all. There were at least
ed, bnt of five horses, which were there half a dozen other losers, varying in
at the time, three were burnt to death. amount from $150 to $1,500.
Tile total loss reached $13,500; the in- "The 110ttest fire in years." Such waa
tmranc;e exc
ded $18,000. ...;;;,a the description given of the great blaze
A large three-storey brick factory,-on which occurred shortly after noon on
the north side of Richmond, east of York Wedn('f;day, Dec('mber 14, 1892. The
street, owned by William Kidd was, on B<:ene of the fire WM a five-fltorey brick
the night of March 15, 1892, di:reovered warehousÐ.,,in Pearl, immediately in rear
to be in flames in the upper storey. The of nay and King; strect.
, owned by Geo.
firemen worked with a will, but with Proctor, of the Bay Tree Hotel, and oc-
all their exertions the stock of A. J. Gil- cupied by, in Uhe basement, Aylesbury
mour, cabinet maker, and Watts & l\Ic- Dairy Company; on the first floor, John
Mahon, picture framers, was entirely de- M. French, oil and paint factory;
chae-
stroyed. Those two firms occupied the fer's cigar shops on the second, and the
premÏðes where the fire originated. In American Watch Case Company's premiøeø
other parts of the premises the damage on th
third.
caused was more from smoke than any- I The building, erected in 1887. was gut-
thing else, but thcrè the harm was. no teù, the tenants losing their entire 8tOCMl

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

659

and machinery, and as much damage WM I 150 yarde to tbe west of Bay I'3treet, were
done in an bour as in any fire that bad I badly damaged by a fire of incendiary
visited Toronto for years. The loss was origin on Monday, May 8th. The loss on
about $30.000, the heaviest being that building anå contents was $14,500, and
of the American Watch Company. The the insurance was $32,000.
amount of inl'3nrance did not cover any Rolph, Smith & Co., the lithographers.
f'ingle firm's loss. No less than thirteen of 51 Wellington, just west of Bay street.
different insurance companies were af- on the flonth side, suffered greatly by a
{ected. fire which broke out in their shopa on
Yet another fire occurred at the Cen- Friday, AugUf!t 2õth. The cause was at-
tral Prison on Saturday, March 4, 1ti93, tributed. in this case also. to I'3pontaneous
in a two Btorey brick workshop. The combufltion. The dama
e done amounted
building WflS full of manufactured I to $] 6,945. IIlßnred for $49,OUO.
flrticleR and contained much valuable 'Vith only two exceptions the year
machinery. The premises were valued at 1894 was free from any very disastrous
no less than $25,000, the damage done to I fires. One broke out on .January 7th on
them amounting to nearly $ï,OOO. The I the north 8ide of Queen street, jU8t wcst
lOBS on the contents of the building and I of Manning, No. 700, owned by the Land
on the expeUf!ive machinery was almost! Security Company and occupied as a
equal to the total value put upon both, I I clothing store by :hIrs. Cohen, doing dam-
$1
,000. Tbe fire was "accidental," that age to the store of about $UOO, fully in-
is if using defective pulleys that caused sured, and to the stock $3,600. This lat-
sufficient friction to make the premises tel' loss was exactly covered by the in-
ignite could be eOllBidered as exercising surance policy. }"our days later another
necef;sfiry care and judgment in protect- blaze took place at the United Service
ing the building. Clothing Company's premises, 97 King
About 9 o'clock on the evening of April I Btreet east, when the loss was $1,000.
10, 1894, the great blind factory of A. I This fire was caused by the ignition of
R. McKinley & Co., on the south side of the Christmas decoratiOllB remaining ,in
St. Alban street, burst into flames, the I the winùow. There W
ample insurance.
latter proceeding from one of the paint On 'Vednl'sday. February 7th, a small
sbops. The building was a frame one to I fire occurred at 89 King street east. oc-
a great extent and its contents were of I eupied by Messrs. H. & C. Blachford as
the mo.;;t inflammable nature
Great I a I'3hoo store and by Mrs. Caswell and
flames of fire shot high up into the air others as a dwelling. The damage done
and the ligbt conld be f!(>eu plainly as far was about $700 in all, but Mrs. Caswell
east as the Kingston Road. The loss was severely burned in escaping from
amounted to almost $9,300; towards this the flames.
the insurance policies held by the firm Friday, May 11, witneBsed the first big
reached $6,ÕOO, leavin6 a net loss of $2,- fire of the year, when the two storey
800, besides loss of trade and employes frame factory owned by W. Rankin, on
being thrown out of work. The cause of " the north-eflBt corner of Dundas street and
tbe fire was attribnted to spontaneoUB , Sheridan avenue, occupied by the E. R.
combustion. I Burns' Jam Company W8.ll totally de-
Sunday, April 16th. less than a week stroyed. The sto
s of Mallon & Woods
after the fire jWlt recorded took place, and John Pearson, closely adjacent, were
saw another fearful fire in Toronto. It j also damaged, as was McConnell's tavern.
Was on the extensive premises of James I The IOSBes were: Rankin, $6.620; Burns,
Robertl'3On & Co., 265 to 283 King street, , $2,000; the others $82, $151 and $540
on its sonthern side, west of Dorset, and respectively. In Rankin's case the insur-
extending almost to John street. The ance carried was only $3,310, in BurllB'
firm were Baw and lead manufacturers, I $1,500, BO the loss of the former's was a
the place being known lU5 the Dominion very heavy one. The rest were all fully
works. The firemen, under Richard Ar- protected
The cause of the fire Walil in-
dagh, worked, as they always do, with cendiary.
uneeaBing energy, but, despite all their On the afternoon of Sunday, AugUf!t 19,
efforts, the building was all but destroy- the premises occupied by W. N. Ferguson,
ed, with the greater portion of its con- J. H. Ames and Joseph Bunker. on the
ten'b!!. The loss ou the building and con- nortb-eal!t corner of Bay and Melinda
tents Was nearly $69,000, happily for streets, were completely gutted by a fire
Messrs. Robertson. fully covered by in- which occurred. The building wa
a
Surance. The eaw
e of thil'l fire was the roughcast frame one, belonging to .John
same as that at McKinley's, epontaneous I Goodhall, and the loss, $1,500, was just
combUBtion. equalled by the irumrance. Ferguson,
The stained gl8.88 works of James MC- I Ames and Bunker lost $700, $1,431 and
Caus!
nd & Son. at the back of 72 and $250 respectively
They were all three
'16 Kmg Btreet. 011 the north side. about fully illBure

660

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

The old Small-pox Hospital, Broadview : 1 ing. .Tordan street proved eo narrow as
avenue, on the western side, adjoining to be no barrier to the all-devouring ele-
Riverside Park, owned by the city, was, ment. Acro..
it letlped, and the new ware-
by order of the authorities, dl'stroyed by house of S. F. McKinnon Co., on the west
burning on Tuesday, September 25. side, wat! the next to go.
The second great fire of the year oc- In a few momenÌ!.j after the outbreak
curred at 6 o'clock on the morning of of the fire the entire Globe building from
Sunday, October 28, in the three storey cellar to roof was & mass of hissing,
brick building owned and occupied by seething fire. The two elevator shaHs
Withrow & Hillock, on the south-west on either side of the wooden stairway
corner of Queen and George streets. The in the centre of the building made an
building was gutted and damage done to excellent draught for the flames, and
the amouRt of nearly $7,000, though the they were sucked up to every floor with
insurance W3ß ample, more than $12,700. instantaneous rapidity. As they ate up
The premises were occupied as planing the woodwork the heavy machinery on
mills, etc., and there was a large lum- the various floors Boon broke them down,
bel' yard in the rear. The fire, which was one after another, with a aeries of
attributed to incendiarism, broke out in terrific cra.shes, until the entire contents
the moulding shop in rear of the main of the building were hurled into the baße-
building. One of the firemen, Alfred ment in one inextricable and confused
Everist, driver of hose section, No.5, was ma&'!. The roof th
n\ fell upon the debris,
very badly injured by a falling beam, it amI the weak walls of the structure were
being five weeks before he could return all that remainpd.
to duty. Then the upper portion of the wall on
Two days later, at a paltry little blaze Melinda street began to cant outwarda

at the back of 75 Adelaide etreet west, and, in a moment, ca.me tumblin
to the
the deputy chief of the brigade, Thomas street, throwing volumes of eparks high
Graham, was also injured by falling into over the surrounding buildings.
a pit. He was laid by for some days. The Globe had two Bullock pre.E!BetJ.,
A fire, which did damage to the ex- eight tn)e setting ma.chinee, weighing
tent -of $4:,500, occurred fit 25 Front from 2,500 to 3,000 pounds each
and 8.
street west on Decemb(>r 11. The premises complete outfit for the conduct of a large
were own(>d by MiBB Staunton and occu- newspaper. All this Waß lOBt, except
pied by McLean & Co., shoe dealers, the records, which were recovered from the
Fringe and Tassel Company, Charles l\lit- vault.
chell & Co., and Cuthbertson & Co., both The Toronto Lithogra.phing Company,
fancy goods dealers. Fire did far less which occupied two flats of this build-
harm than water, but except .he Fringe in5', lost a large stock of presses, valu-
Company, everyone was fully iIlBured. able stones and all the tools, samples
About 2.45 a. m. on Sunday, Jauuary and engravings of its artists and work-
6th, 1895, Michael McQuade, one of the meu.
HolmeB Electric Protection CompanY's. The building W8.8 first occupied by the
watehmen, dÎßCovered fire in the pre- I Globl" in 1890, the improvements costing
miBee of the Globe, Yon6e and Melinda. $70.000 and the entire building $90,000.
streets. He wus making the round of the The heavy wind drove the Hames across
building when, on opening the door of uJlon Harry Wpbb's re
tauran1:, north-west
the boiler room, Le was met by It cloud Corner o
Yonge and .Melinda. They ßOOn
of smoke. He immediately turned in an ate their way through the roof amI found
alarm, but before the reels arrived the an easy prey in the interior, which, in a
flames had gathered such headway that short "pace of time, W8.8 entirely commm-
in twenty minutctl they had crawled ed, with all ita silverware a.nd valuable
from the b8.ßement to the roof, and the furni8hin
.
dOlD2 of the tower tumble';
nto the The veerin
wind caught a maøs of flame
!Shoots. and bent it d(mn upon the roof of Nichol8.8
The first buildin
to catch fire from the Rooney's dry go0d..3 establit>hm(>nt, just
Globe confla6ration was Harry Webb's. 80uth of and adjacent to the Globe build-
I"!'f!taurant on the north corner of Me- ing. The building was filled 'f\oith valuable
linda and Yon
e, directly opposite. This and inflammab
e goods, and they
oon
]ar6'8 three storey brick structure was were eaten up III too general conHagra-
1!OO1l enveloped in flamefl. The Broli6h tion. Not a ve8tige of the ÍDßide of tbis
Printing Comþany, on Jordan street and building remained.
NicbolM Rooney's wholeBale dry good8 SimultancOll8ly with the ignition of
house on Yonge ßtreet were the next to Harry W('bb's restaurant, the Iire com-
suffer. municated to the Brough Printing Com-
In quick fJucceli'Bion followed the To- pany's er.tablishment, being communicated
ronto Lithographing Company's pre- by lIlazing- embers falling upon th(\ roof
mÍSC8 in the west cud of the Globe build- from the top of the Globe building-, Great

LAKD)lARKS OF TORONTO.

661

'-
....

. /'
(---

/

c
......; ?

DESTlWCTI0'\f OF Tilt; GLOßE BUILDIXG, S. W. COR. YOXGE A:-<D 1I1ELDIDA STS. -IS!),).

ö6g

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

mMses of brick and other building ma-
terial kept tumbling on the doomed ware-
house, and it was im}JOl!lsible to save it.
In the burning of thiB latter building
occurred a serioUß incident. which nearly
co:;;t the lives of Firemen Smedley and For-
t3yth and from which Chief Årdagh eventu-
ally dbd. Thesß three were going through
to attack the fire from that side whe.u
the chief decided to go back for a hose
bra.nch, and they started down the ele-
vator, only to meet flames an the floor 'be-
low. Fbrsyth rushed to the window and
dropped twenty-five feet to the lane. In
spite of hi'!! tlevere injuries from cuts on
his face and head, he immediately oought
8.B;istance for the chief and Smedley, who,
he thought, were hemmed in by flames.
The two latter men had run back to the
third Btorey, and found themselves at bay
it:! earnest. The fire t':eorched their hair,
beards and eyebrow:'!, and they saw there
was only one posBible chance for life.
Chief Ardagh weighed 225 poundl!, and
forty feet is a big drop even for a feather-
wei
ht. They ehook ba.nd
and lSaid "Good-
bye." then the chief dropped and Smedley
followed him. The c'bances were greatly
against them. but both of them were able
to crawl to Wellington street, where the
squad of men FOl".3yth had Bent to relieve
them found them Bitting on the steps of a
warehouse,
The chief attempted to get up, and with
difficul ty did øo; he was sent to his home
in Sherbourne street in a hack, while
Smedley was removed to biB residence on
Na.ssau street.
A Budden gwrt of the variable wind car-
ried the fierce flames from the Globe
building acrol!ß .Jordan street to the hand-
some !Seven-storey warehouse just erected
by S. F. McKinnon Co. The fire struck it
like a lightning bolt, pierced the roof, and
in an incredibly Bhort space of time the
Jicking tonguee had enwrapped the whole
interior of the magnificent structure.
The roof and windows fell in, and floors
soon
nt and went down with a cr8l3h,
and emaU portiolL",> of the walls followed.
Only three days earlier a valuable f3tock
from the old Btore, valued at $125,000,
had been moved into thiB building.
The rear of Michie & Co.'s grocery I5tore
waB damaged, a large plate glass window
king broken, as well 8t3 other windows in
the establi-;hment. About $1,000 worth
of teaA'! were injured by water.
All the buildings in the vicinity suffer-
ed in the same way, some being blackened
and blistered. 'The skylights of the 013-

oodby building were cracked by the heat.
When the aerial ladder was being put
in position on Melinda I:3treet the order
to erect it WM counterma.nded. At five
mÍnutes pw>t three o'clock, when the gang
of men were removing it. the wall of the

Globe building fell, and two men were
buried under it.
The aerial ladder required eight men to
work it, four on each side, and the four
men on the BOuth Bide of the truck, imme-
diately next to the burning building, were
Hobert Bowrey, Robert Foster, John
Brown and .John Hart, of the Lombard
etreet fire hall. Bowrey Rtood on the lad-
der as it 1'0,;1'. He W8.ð armed with a pair
of pliere to cut through the wires that
hung in a network along the front. Before
the ladder had reached that altitude,
Foreman Frank Smith realized that it
was located in too hot a. place for work
and ordered it down again. ThiB order
was 8afely and Buccessfully carried out
and the squad were engaged in adjlli'!ting
the ladders in a ship-shape manner on
thpir carriage, when the bricks began to
fall from the roof above. The men
on the north Bide of the truck we

further from the building than the
others, and when the firemen gave a
shout of warning they tlucceeded in
jumping clear. The men on the other
side attC'mpted to go around the truck
instead of divin
under it. Before they
got clear a large section of the wall
tumbled upon part of the aeria.l ladder
and imprisoned th9 four men. Brown and
Hart were thrown under the framework
of the truck, which broke the fall of
bricks and in all probability Baved their
Ii velS, They were cut and bruised, but
were still able to remain on duty.
The other four men of the squad ruehed
to rescue their imprieoned comrades.
Seldom-never-hms 'there been done a
deed of greater daring in Toronto than
was dQne then. T.be ruined wall etill tot-
tered above them and they took their
lives in their bands, Did they hesitate?
Not they I Quickly their experienced
hands cleared a.way enou6h of the debris
to permit of 4?:etting at the men.
Fo..'!ter was next to Bowery on the lad-
der, and in addition to many bad cuts
and bruises he had one leg broken in
two places. Bowery WaB Btream-
ing with blood from many wounds,
and groaned with anguish M his
comrades laid him tenderly on the
sidewalk. Both men 'were taken to the
General llospital, and at 10 minutes to
6 o'clock Sunday morning Bowery died.
Bowery would have ])(>cn 2:> yearB old
on January 18th. In 1886 he Wa8 ap-
l)Ointed driver ill the Lombard street
hall and in 1390 be Wa!'! appointed fire-
man. He was engaged to be married. He
lea vee, besides a. mother, three brothers
8J.ld a siBter.
His injuries cOIl8Ì8ted of fractures of
the left thigh and right forearm and
severe wounds to the face, scalp, left
band and left ankle.

LAND)-lARKS OF TORONTO.

663

on Bay street and turned in the alarm.
and in a few minutes the reels began
arriving.
Thousands of people were on their- way
home from bUf!iuess when the great con-
flagration cast its fearful reflection into
the skies. It WM only a matter of a
few minutes till the crowds blocked the
Btreets in every direction.
Caretaker Caven left the window Bill
and went and shut the door of the room
to keep back the BIllOke. Then he appear-
ed again at ,the window.
There was' no fire escape in the build-
ing. and the only way out was' the one
they chose.
The two women were terribly fright-
ened, and it was with much trouble they
were prevailed upon not to cast them-
selves into the street.
The life-saving net came from the Lom-
bard etreet hall. and hunòreds of willing
hands held it under the window.
Mm. Caven leaped into mid-air, and
fell upon the network of wires that
stretched their icy length below her.
There Bhe hung for perhaps ten seconds
before she fell into the net, turning over
and over.
Wrappetl in a rug she was carripd into
the Crown Hotel and laid on the billiard
table, where Dr. Garratt was called, and
Bhe was taken in the ambulance to St.
-- -- Michael's Hospital.
$715,200 $494,850 The great crowd held their brcath as
Chief Rieharll Ardagh died on January the form of the invalid came whirling
27th from the effect of his in
ries. Äll down, and more than one of the men
account of his funeral is giv
n in the who were grasping the net said he turn-
prece.ding chapter. ed eick at heart and Was afraid to open
At 7 o'clock on the evening of January his eyes when the woman struck the net.
10th, the caretaker of the Osgoodby The sight of those three people away up
building, on Melinda etreet, was sitting there with the building in flamee and the
talking to Annie Thompson, who was clouds of black, thick smoke swirUng and
nursing his wife, a sufferer from heart sweeping all about them was one that
dispa.<;e. The first indication of
ire that Btamped itself indelibly on the minds of
he noticed was a thin line of smoke that the thousantls who watched with their
came into the room through the crevices hearts in their mouths.
around the door. Silence like death fell on the crowd
Out he went into the cor.ridor, but the as the woman jumped, and many a silent
I!Imoke drove him back, half suffocated. prayer went up from the hea.rts of the
Again he tried it and succeeded in reach- great multitudl', whose strong sympathy
ing the elevator which he endeavoured held them sþell-bound.
to raise, but which did not Bepm to work In watching the perilous deF:(,put of
right. Slowly he groped his way back their companion, Cave.,. and )Iiss Tl1omp-
to hiB apartments, realizing that all son had forgotten their own dang-ere As
eBcape was cut off from the interior ways Boon as their attention turned again to
of egress. themselves they found the furnitme in
He and the nurse took the sick woman the
.oom behind them blazing. Somo
out of bed and all three climbed out on electric wires ran up the front of the
the .window. sill and shouted fire. building and over the roof to supply
PrIvate Nlghtwatchman James Cham- power in a toom on the third flat. Tbpse
bers was clORing an open door in a la ne wires ran close to the right of the win-
just across Melinda street. The SCreams I , dow. MiBa Thompeon reached out, grasp-

ttracted his attention aud he ran out ed them and swung herself boldly out
mto the street and saw flames flashing I into them. Again the huge crowd held
fro,m. the -rtop storey of the OHgoodby its breath, aweshllck find horrifipd, as
buildlllg. He ran immediately to box 12 they expected to eee the wires torn {rom

The funeral took place from his former
residence
254: Parliament Btreet, on J anu-
ary 8th, to St. James' cemetery, at 3.30
p.m.
J UBt as the fire in the McKinnon block
was getting nicely under way, when l!IeY-
eral of the brigade were playing on the
Jordan street end of the Globe building,
a stone fell from the cornice a.nd I!Itruck
Hpllry Saunders, of No. 2 hook and ladder.
Examination showed that he had I!IUS-
tailled a bad smashing of the bones of
the Ipft leg and ankle. He was put under
c'hloroform to reduce the fracture, and it
is pleasing to say eyentually reoovere-d.
The following ÚI a. lil!lt of l06ses and
ÍD.ßUl'3.IlCe :

Loss Insurance
Globe Printing Co.... ..$140,000 $ 94,150
Toronto Litho. Co...... 120,000 65,000
N. Rooney, dry goods... 60,000 55,000
S.F.McKinnon,millinery 220,000 120,000
Brough Printing Co,.... 24,000 13,500
Harry Webb, restaurant 17,000 21,000
A. Manning, building. . . 10,000 20,000
Dr. Abbott, building. . . . 2,500 4,000

Iil1ar & Richard, type.. 1,000 30,000
Haworth Belting Co .... 25,000 25,000
)fichie & Co., grocers... 1,000 in full
Benham Silver Co . . . . . . 700 in full
Smaller firms, say . , .. . . 5,000 in full

664

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

their frail fMtenings and the woman I
lid
down the wiree, and she was Buffer-
hurled into the street. seveñty feet be- ing from a.
evere nervous shock. Caven
low ber. followed her immediately, and a180 suc-
Her grasp W8.B not very firm, but she I ceeded in reaching terra firma.
!IUd down rapidly to the f!eCond
torey, Up the elevator shaft went the flameø,
where she tried to follow them along the and in an inconceivably short space 01

DESTRUCTION OF OSr.OODBY BUILDI
G BY FIRE, ISrI.3.

horizontal coping which Mrs. Caven just I time the structure Wa<! a furnace of fiery
gr3zed when she fell from the wires a few red from cellar to roof. The winù \ cered
momcnt8 before. Her f;trength gave out, and changed about, and the direction of
an:! she dropped into the net. Her hal1d
the fire was uncertain. At one time Mc-
were cut and bleeding from her rapid I Conke;r'B re:otaul'ant was in danger, and

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

Gli5

the firemen played two streams of water! was awful. Athletic f!ix-footel'fl were lift-
on the Melinda street face of the building. ed off their feet and carried about like
A sudden change of the wind to the north- chilùren in th!' pushing yet good natured
e8Mt decided the location where the fight- I crowd.
ing was to be done. I The flames flashed across from the burn-
Clouds of sparks an
coals of fire flew I in
,wareh?uses to. the roof of Buntin,
ia blazing" sheets OTer mto the crowd that ReId & Co. B establIshment, and when the
jammed Wellington fltreet, and by eight ' I top of that got fairly started they some-
o'clock people were beginning to find that times fonned an arch completely over the
location uncomfortable and trying to get I s
rp!'t. Underneath the firemen worked
around to the east side of the fire. sllpntly and steadily.
From Melinda street a dozen streams On the top of the Kilgour building waø
were turned into the Osgoodby building. I a squad of meu, but no water could be
Three lines were carried over the Crown gotten, and their presence there was of
Hotel, Bnd from the roof of The Telegram no a.-ail.
t.rtoreroom on Melinda street the firemen I From Jordan ßtreet east there was a
S'Ucceeded in saving the housel!! on the west, Iffiass of wet, steaming humanity, that

ide of the burning structure. : gazed "ith upturned faces. that tllP fire
At 7.30 part of the western wall of the li,ghted with a touch of colour, at the
new McKinnon warehouse fell into the, corridor of fire which the street pre-
premises of Park Bros. I sented to the west.
Every crash sent wlumnB of smoke, dust I It is a w?nder that no one was seri-
and sparkr
high in the air. The noise of ously. hurt lll. the crush. Grand & T
y
the great .fire and the shouts that rose had rIgs carrYIng a
'ay good., from t!lelr
ever and ånon from the crowd made a ,store, and every tIme they drove mto
queer combination. Through it the fit'e- I the crowd there would be a stamped&
men worked away quietly but persist- 1 to get out of the way of the hor.ses.
ently. A police cordon was dr
wn across Wel-
Half an hour after the fire began the lillgtoll, and the officers ever and again
flames leaped to the roof of the ware- be3.t back the multitude that shoved
house at 30 Wellington west, occupied by against them, ann threatened to I!!urround
Thomas Dunnett & C-o., furriern, and there the ambulance, \vhich stood in readiness.
the fire spread so rapidly that 8;lmos

- 'Xot more tha.n half an hour after the
fore the strealllß were turned mto It It fire was discovered great tougues of
was doomed. flame burst from the roof of the (}.;:goodby
The scene during the fire wa>! some- building to that of Major Carlaw'c3 ware-
thing to 00 remembered. Blocks away the hou
e, 30 Wellington street, occupied by
crackle of the flames, the cra.-;h of the Thomas Dunnett & Co., dealers ill ful'fl.
falling floors and the cheers of the excit- In an inconceivably short space of time
('d crowd could be heard. The reflected this five-storey building was a seething
glare lighted up the businc-.
f3 portion of mass of fire, and rapidly went down into
the cit
r with 8J..l intensity almo.
t of day- ruius.
light. 'HeachiIlg out for more food, the de-
The fire fiend seemed triumphant, and youring flames wrapped them;;;elves about
the crowd see
ed at .times to be over- the next building wpst, occupied by Bois-
awed a:.;d sen:nble of Its ow
po we rless- f;eau & Co., clothiers, and owned by the
neS3 as It watched the huge pIles of flame Snarr e"ltatp. This and the Dunnett build-
that threatened dct'!truction far and wide. iug were joined in a terrific mass of

'he grea
pillars of fiiIDoke struggled up fire, that sent out great volume!'! of smoke
l
to the .alr, and w
re beatt:-n back by the I and sparks. and a , n intensity of heat that
h
rce wmd. Tlu: fIery loopholPfI that the drove the firemen hack from the plac!\J
wllldows opened mto t
e
ldron of fla
e, Many of them had narrow e.seapes from
and the red and whIte tongues of fIrt' : falling walls and timbers and crashing
that 8
vept acro<,s the streets and played I glass and signs.
and flIckered aroun
thp top," of nearby Th t tb k t 1 ïd'ng
builSings were very terrible. The air WaR e nex on rea'. W:=\-.<J 0 a )Ill 1
heavy with the heat. and the careering used ,by Robert Darhn6 & Co. :lnd ,Hay,
combustibles that flashed fairy trails Ttenme & Co., also owned by the Sn
rr
through the air were like the Faust BI'ock- estate, wholesale woollen dealers. 'l.he
en scenes on an immense scale. flames at once permeated t1
e
nb.re
structure anù ate up everythmg m It.
The sc
ne, 8ß
t appeared from the I The walls 8pparating these bnildings
uppe
wllldows 01 the Merchant."J' Bank Came down with a terrific crash, Bend-
buIldmg was aPl!3lliug. The locatiOll of I I inÁ immense y
umes of Elparks skywardø
t,ho eènÌl'e
f excItement.- i1ad removed it- and again endangering" the lives of the
filpH to "elhngtoll street by eight o'clock. firemen The next buildin rr seized waB
At nine o'clock the rush of the crowd that of 'B. H. Gray & Co., l
anufactureM

666

LAND}IARKS OF TORONTO.

of whiteware. Stealthily, like Bome demon I up greatly stunned; the ambulance was
bent on a terrible vengpance, the fire called, and he wa.q taken to the Genera.l
ate its way eastward until it forced an Hospital. When the doctors examined
entrance and concentrating its energy him, it WaB found that his back wail
within the walls gathered force and fury !lIurt and that he had sustained other in-
uutil suddenly it burst from the roof in I juries.
tremendous aheets that lit up the heavens " Arthur Robinson, connected with the
with a fiery glow that made the spec- YOl'kville hose, had hiB hand and wrist
tacle as awful as it was magnifico nt. I badly sprain
d while bre-aking into the
The strealll.t! of water were entirely in- Kilgour building. He was Ufiling the noz.
adequate to reach the upper stories and I zle of the hose in his hand at the time.
the fire had everything its own way. It The losses sustained by the different
rapidly epread to the Cortic.elli and other parties and the ammmt of insurance car-
smaller buildings. The union of the fires ried are given below, and may 00 eon-
from all of which made what WaB sidered fairly accurate;-
before terrific simply indescribable. Loss Insurance
Great maBiSes of sparks, emoors, volumes J. W. Woods, owner Os-
of thick black smoke, all pierced by the goodby building. . . .. $ 55,000
blood red fire, went shooting out in all J. Y. Reid, building.. 25,000
directions and it was seen that that por- Hart & Riddell. '" , . . . 35,000
tion of the burning property Waß hope- Ray, Rennie & Co. .... 100,000
Iesely doomed. The firemen next gave B . R' I & C 1 0 0 00
their undivided attention to the south untm, eu o. ., .. ,
side of Wellington street. Hunter, Rose & Co... .. 500
So intense became the heat 8.8 the R. H. Gray, building.. 30,000
flameB spread south acros8 WellingtollJ do stock,.... 50,000
street that the galvanized iron cornice of Thoa. Dunnett. ..,... 50,000
Hart & Riddell's melted and fell, the :Major Carlaw, building 30,000
roof ignited and the building was doom- \Vyld, Grasett & Darling 500
ed. Firemen who bad been manfully E. Boisseau,..... '" 60,000
fighting the flames on the n9rth side G. H. Wilson......... 5"'0
were immediately ordered to the south RLt. Darling & Co, stock 7.3,000
E;ide. Streams were kept on Buntin. Reid do building 1.3,000
& Co.'s, as well a.s Hart & Riddell"s Cohen Bros. , . . . . . . . . . 8,000
warehouæ. The flames Ipaped out of the G. T. Gorrie . . . . . . . . . . 3,000
upper windowB of the latter warehou
Merchants Cotton Co.,
and met those from the north
ide, form- Montreal. . . . . . . . . . 18,000
ing an arch of flame. It was a magni- Yarmouth, Duck & Yarn
ficent spectacle. Thousanùs stood awed, C
ooholding the ,"celie. The conna grCl.jtiou 0 ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
was now at its height. Several sections J. E. Knox, perso.nal . .
of hose were now carried to the roofs B.rereton & l\Iannmg...
of adjoining buildings. The eastern half SIemens & E\.el . . . . ...
of the Buntin, Reid building, occupied by I \
. L. Hackey . . . . . . . .
Buntin Reid & Co. it seemed imp<)SlSible W. S. Johnson........
to sav
, but betwe
n the two there was I Union Card & I'aperCo,
a wall 24 inche.
thick, and it resisted I Mo
treal. . . . . . . . , , , 10,000
the ol1Slaught to the last. Shortly before J.H. Seeombe, sad(llery,
this J. D. Ronald's steam fire engine wa!'! hardware... .... .,.
brought down Bay street amid cheers of Bastedo & Co., furs....
the crowd. It was stationed Ilear Wyld, Snarr estate. . . . . . . . . .
Grasett & Darling's warehouse and a Corticelli Sill. Co.... ..
line of ho.<>e was immediately carried to
the building's top. From this point of
í2
,O()0
.)
:?;,on
vantage the fire in Hart &; Riddell's was
.mbdued QY 10.30. The large plate glasa It i<; a curioW:! fact that nearly always
windows on the \Vellillgton street front such occurrences go in threes, and Sun-
of Wyld, Gra:+(>tt & DarHng's were day morning was again the scelle of a
craoked. All the partners of the iirm were great conflagration in the business por-
early at the >'Scene and assisted by em- tion of the Queen: City.
ploYeB spread ,,",,1: blankets across the At 12.30 a.m. Sunday, March 10, Wm.
broken windowH. Wpt blanket'! were also Farley, the watchman in Robert Simp-
used by emplo)'es of 'V. R. Brock. son's immellSP new store on the soutb-
While 'William Crawford, a fireman of weqt Corner of Yonge and Queen etrcetß,
the Berkeley street hall, W3"! carrying had just attended to his furnaces, and
bose upstairs in the Gray building' he I came out through the man3013 in the
lilipped and fell 15 f,-,{'t. He wa."! {licked p:nemellt. .\!e
a'\lder M
Kce i.s a li()luH'

ó)" OW
-ï:500
40,000
15,OUU
10,000
15,000

4,000
4,000
35,000
1,000

$25,000
35,000
25,000
6ù,000
40,000
covered
12,500
30,000
50 000

W: 000

50,000
covered
60,000
10,000
5,100
1,000

8,000

15,000

25,000
12,000
covered
10,000

7,000

4,000
3,000
25,000
covereù

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

667

Electric ProtectidD. Company watchman, Only too well the Bremen feared that an
and he had jUBt turned in a signal to alarm from No. 32 lOOant flomething
his office fram. a box at P. J amieson'l'! serious, and they were øtra.ining every
Btore, on the north Bide of the street, and nerve.
cr
ed over to speak to Farley. They had Farley entered the C(j8.} hole. and ran
just
poken when they heard the noisß out 60 feet of the hose from: one of the,
of cracking glas..'I, to which they paid attachments that were located aU over
no attention at first. A
it continued, the building. H<' could secure JlQ water
they thought it was Bome one breaking power, and the fire, eating along the
windows in Knox Presbyterian churCih. I ceiling, drove him bnck into the street.
and climbed over the fence to see if they The alarm reached headquarters at

-

.
tI-

:tÞ Ilr{,
;J' ;;' f

j"l

,

___I
__
:
III Ili KI I J '

.. . "III/"i l

II tA-r
II II II' '
" I J r( ,

r

THE OSGOODBY BUILDING, MELINDA STREET, DESTROYlm BY FIRE 1895.
could find anyone. From there they 1 12,33. The Lombard etreet seetion, with
B8.W too flamæ CQming out through the Deputy Chief Thompson and Assistant
b8Bemcnt windows in the south-west end I Villiers, was first (Jll the scene. Bay
of SimpBOn's building. Rtl'eet, Berkeley street, Wilton avenue,
P. C. Roberts, of No. 2 divisioD, w.a.q Queen street and YOllge 8treet were the
}JÐMing, and McKee shouted to him to lJext in, aud in less tha.n six minutes
pull au alarm. In a moment the 8ignal four stream
of water were being pouret\
went in from box 32. Fire bells rang into the basement. Through the Q

!al1 over the city, anù w
ary shopkeep- street door an entrance W3B effected, amI
.1"8, who had just got nicely into bed, the deputy chief issued orders to flood
were awakened by the clang of the reels I the first floor. The strea.m.'l of water
and the 8wift gallop of the flying horses. directed into the baseme-nt were rapñ}ly

608

LANDMARKS OJi' TOROYTO.

getting the best of the flame8, when they I propcrty. People were running with their
reaeM,
the elevator shaft, and the bUild- I bedclothes in their arms and their port-
ing was doomed. Up the fire went like able valuableø jammed into their pOCke1:ß.
lightning, and spread itspIf over the third One man was
een nlOning with a bar-

nd fourth storeys, sending wicked-10?k- I ber's chair on hi'i back.
Ing' tongHes out through the west WIll- I The whole interior of the big Simpson
dows. At 12.41 the general alarm was building had bv this time become
imely
eent in, a.nd in five minute.'! the whole l one great cald
on of flame. The ømðke
great. structure. was a mlli'ls of flam
s, burst up through the roof a.nd went sail-
sheddlI
g a lund glare. from every w
n- I ing away to the eastward over the city.
dow. 'I he south-weøt wlOd drove the fIre I Flames were leaping in demoniac glee
out toward Queen and Yo
e streets,. and around the windows and out of every
the gale tha
wa..s blowlllg was fIerce opening. Through the smoke and flame
enough, had It been from the north. .to the steel columll.
and girders could be
have dMtroyed the whole bl<;JCk: ChIef 8cen outlined in bright red. Twisting and
GraIham thought that the. bUIldII?-g "":a8 squirming and knotting themselves to-
a dange!roU6 place to fIght hre 111, I gether like live creatureB, they pulled the
an
when the Lombard street men w
re I whole structure to pieces. The floors had
drIven back f!"Om the Queen f'ttre
t Ende I given way and crashed into the cellar.
he would not a'!lo
BlIIy more. oDf hIS men The colunms began to collapse, the roof
to enter: t
e bUIldIng. ,-!,hree l!ues of hose. went through, and then the brick piers
were laId In by way 01 the Kno
church upon which the main weight of the build-
gr<1Unds, and ,:n<?ther "":m; carried. in ing was carried came down in f!CctiOll8
through the ChrIstIan II1t'!tItute. from Rlch- of a storey at a time carrying away the
mond

et. and helped the wmd to ea va pillars and girdel":"l in their fall. The fear-
the bmldlllgð to the flouth. ful heat drove the firemen out of Queen
The big eeven-!!torey warehouse was street, 8nd they had to change their
filled with dry goods of all kinlÙ!, which modus operandi. Berkeley street coupled
were like tinder to the savage fire that to a hydrant in Tront of the Imperial
raged from cellar to attic. Tohe hurri- Bank. and carried thcir line in through
C8JJe tore away blazing shingles and' tlU' Tremont House and up on to the roof.
piecef! of timber, and 8ent them flying I"Yiltou avelJ!ue brigade laid their hose
away over toward Victoria, Boud and I from the same hydrant to the roof of
Mutual streets upon the roofs of the :lIilne & Co.'s hardwa:re eKtabH.ehment, and
hou.o:es, whe.re they etarted many an in- I they prepared to fight any extel1ßion of
cipient fire. the fire in that direction.. The demon-like
Many were the families that organized I flames had wrapped thenmelvea around
'bucket brigades and dMhed water upon I the whole of the departmentàl store like
cornices and roof"! that began to blaze. : the red mantle of
lephisto, and they leap-
The gale kept growing strang:er and I ed and wl'Ïthed and shot out great clutch-
stronger, and the
ir was filled '\\ith l ing arms that Recmed to reach covetously
lllyria<ÙI ðf fiery-red cinders, that sailed fo.. tlw neighbour:ing buil
ings. Grim
and
like little molten boa1:.\!! in great sheets gaunt
ood t?
t.all t'pnc of ol
Knox
()IUt over the city that lay silent beneath I church III CalVllll.SÌ1c :'tcMlness, as It loom-
them. eel up itß length beside the sea of fire
Whirling and da!3hing through the mid- I that raged betride it. Great f!oeCtiollS of
night air, on too wings of the 80u'-westcrr l flame ewept. acroos the. streets, and then
these showera of flame were meteoric dl'ew back lIke a fIOrtle r2pulf..ed by the
me
ngers of the destnIction that the
{,fdegere. The Bcene at the height of the
lire-fiend was warring glet'fully, and peo- fIre was awful. .The bl?OÙ :red hue of
pie began to be apprehensive that Quèen the flamet'l collmulllcated IWelf to every-
and Yonge 8treetß Wbuld n<>t be the only thing that came beneath their glare.
æene of ruin. Thick smoke rolled away 1Sp into the gale
Crowd.'! of f'pectatoI'l'l had by this time and the Bp
rk
. th
t l!Iailed a
ay on er-
arrived on the scene and for block
around rands of llil"chief hlled the all'. Every
the streeÚ! were j
mmed with excited m
m
nt great secti('Ø)R. of the
'im
on
people. Mcn who resided anywhere near bUIldIng came down WIth. a erash that
were getting their Lare-s and Penates into Bent
howers of embel"8 ß;ymg out aer088
IShape for immediate removal to t-'ome place the street aml.drove
cloud of .dW't and
of eafety. Women with aproll:3 ovcr their })()wdery debrIs up 'Illto the aIr. The
lwads and children in their arm<; were I hig-h wind howled and the flamea crack-
almost in hysterics as they ïeln about. led and mare d.. Men ehouted, and the
giving the alal'IIl. Storekeepers in tbe im- j crowd cowered 1ll fear almoet before the
mediate neighbourhood were in a state of terrible !'light. It W8.l:!, indeed,. fIOme-
wild tcrror and did some very Iudicrou"i thing one could never forget. F:..re poð-
things in their endeavour W save their I se
6elil a fearful faøciuntion for almost

LANn
IARKS OF TOROXTO.

669

everyone, and the flight of the crowd of A moment they øeemed to pause and
upturned faces, everyone brought into gather together for a flupreme effort.
bold and vivid relief by the almost blind-
Then there shøt O'U
a blast of fire tha.t
ing red glare, Wall wonderful. The de- swept the Tremont House into its hellish
vouring element flwept along with a ter- embrace and enveloped it in destruction.
rible celerity and an exhibition of power Three firemen were on the roof. but their
that was grand. The flames l8eemed to h08e wa.s mele.!!B after the fan of the
glory in their triumph, and to be aware east wall of Simpson's, and they were
of the inability of thpir pigmy foes to cope in a perHom poeition indeed. The pitchy
with them øucceæfu1ly. lømoke that poured across almost choked

\l(t lll

.
'
...",-.........

" ,..,., ... , '
.,T
";

--

OSGOODBY FIRE-D,ESTRUCTION OF WELLINGTOX ST. wAllEHorsEs, 1805
The east wall of Simpson's collapsed I them and nearly drove them to jump to
into Yonge street, and the pile of timbers, escape suffocation. Ladders were hur-
bricks and pillars falling upon the h08e ried in from the lane by way of the
cut off the water supply. Then the east stable cntranae, and run up a.gainst the
side of Yonge street was exposed to the I two-t!torey extellBion over the dining
full fury of the flames that had before room behind the hotel. From the top of
surgeù behind the barriell.'s of this wall. the extension another ladder was shoved

670

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

up to the roof of the main building, amI
the three men made all speed to terra
firma.
Simultaneously wi th the Tremont House
the hardware establi.shment of .John
Milne & Co., the gents' furnishing store
of Dunfield & Co., }lcKechnie's barber
shop, C. M. Henderson's auction etore, and
the Imperial Bank began to blaze ill the
upper storeys. Everyone escaped from
the Tremont House, and the bank officials
removed all their books to the head
office.
Spectators began to tbink that tbe big
block, including the C{)nfederation Life
Building. would all go, but it was not
to be. Then the fire leaped to the north
side of Queen street, west of Yonge, and
attacked the Jamieson block, crossing
shortly afterward to the north-east cor-
ner, and starting into thf' roof and upper
storeys. Then people g!'ew certain that
there would be no possibility of sto;,ping
it until it burned itælf out. A hard fight
against the attacking field did the Jamie-
son block make. Nearly a quarter of an
hour the hot breath of the fire demon
seared and scarred its pCtÍnt, and the hot
glare reddened its walls. The struc-
ture fairly smoked, and yet nú actual
fire broke out. Then there came a ßwift.
Budden dash of flame from a tbird-storey
window OIl the ßOuth Bide, and in a few
minutes the building looked aB though
it bad be('
burning insidf' for bours. amI
only ju<;t then the flames had forced their
way into view. The flame curved and
caracoled about the block, and swept in
and out of the windows like devils play-
in!?; at hide-and-seek. The smoke hung
its black pall over the roof, and the
fire leaped out and drove its myriad
fork!''' wnguf'S up through the murky
cloud that swirled above. The fire had
now obtained a \!.101ù on each of the four
corners, anJ the thau.gbt of pos
\Ìble ulti-
mate COnsequences was appalling. The
úremen worked nobly. handicapped as
they were, and a little after two o'clock
'they were brought face to face with UD-
f)ther fearful danger. A firebrand had
been carried by the wind over on to the
roof of the Pythian Hall, in the Hardy
block. at Queen and Victoria streets.
There It lay Bmouldering and flickering,
wondering whether to go out or !.lot,
until it set fire to the shingles and the
flames burst from the Victoria street
windows. Then the firemcn were out-
flanked, but they promptly detailed the
Ossington avenue men to leave the
Hend('J'Soll black, on the north-east Cor-
ner of Queen unrt Yonge. They could
get no ladders aud carried their hose
up the stairway to the top storey. All
bope of saving Himp"mÙ; had been aban-
doned, and all HI!' att "Iltion of the de-

partmellt was directed to the other eßta'b-
litôÌlments that stood in such imminent
danger. The heat and debris had
driven the firemen off Quef'n street wpst
and off Yonge street south of Queen.
Four linf's were carried tbrough the arch-
way from Eaton's to Queen street, over
the rear of Sutcliffe's, and unotber line
was brought through McPherson's shoe
store from Yonge street. These fought
back the flames while three streams were
played on the Eaton building's. roof by
Eaton's Own brigade. The great effo
t
now was to save Eaton's big block, and
every force was concentrated on thill
point.
The inadequate appliances put the fire-
mf'n in a bad position, but for three hours
they contested every inch of ground :}i!
the fire drove them slowly back on to th..
roof of Eaton's, the fire breaking out
through the roof where they had been
standing. To the sourt;h the fire "all be-
tween Wanless' store and Simpsou"s was
all that saved the block.
The emall Ronald eugine belonging
to Mr. H. W. Petrie, was pu.t in position
outeide Gourlay, Winter & Leeming's
piano store on Yonge street, and did
splendid work. Two streams were thrown
intó the blazing shops by this machine.
The feature of the fire was the use of a
little old engine tha t had been stored
away fi.'; too old-fa.'1hioned to be of any
u,,,<,. This machine proved to the Batis

faction of any sam
man that engines
are a. nece&<;ary complement of the
equipment of a fire brigade, and 'that
the Canadian engine, wbich the experts
condemned, was as good as the best in
the world. Several strf'alILS were poured
from it into the front of Sutcliffe's, aud
It undoubtedly saved E..'l ton's big estab-
lisbment [rom the flamcs.
Chief Graham E;aid the little Ronald
did grand service with 230 feet of hooe
fw;t to it. .-\. steam fire engine could
have thrown water on to tbe Simpson
building from a di"tance where his ll1l'n
would have been Elafe when they coul<}
not stand Dear enough with their pre-
'3ent pressure for fear of the walls.
Few are tbe people who have ever seen
a steeple in flames. Knox church spire
was a wooden erection on a brick tower
well and heavily built. Like a guardia.n
sentinel it had stood for an hour, black
and straight, over the scene of havoc
that the fire was making almoot be-
neath it.
01lU'time8 the top of it "as
alml',oS't hidden by the whirling mas.<òes of
smoke amI flame that combatteù for su-
premacy about it. At 1.30 a little spot
of fire appeared about 20 feet up from
the base of the tower. The attention of
th01L"ands of people was immediately
Ilr:nvn to it, :lIld they watched it /Slowly

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C N

LAND)IARKS OF TORONTO.

671

Loss Insurance
95,000 65,000
8,000 6,000
10,000 10,000
4,000 4,000

spreading and grasping the woodwork
in a clutch that wa<; never to be un- Sutcliffe & Sons, stock. .
tightened. Everywhere the fight WM R. H. Gray, building.. .
hard. Two lines of hose were car- )Irs. 1\1. G. Jones, bldg.
ried from Queen street into the top
IcPherson & Co., stock
of the Henderson block, on the north- Gourlay, 'Vinter & Leem-
east corner, and two branches from the ing, stock. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,000
rear succeeded in sa viug all but the top Mrs. A.Henderson, build-
storey. The whole building was drenched. ing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipe was laid from Queen and 'nctoria C. F. Adams & Co., stock
streets, and lines were run from Rich- .Mrs. 1\1. E. Brisle y ,stock
mond street under the archway of the
Confederation Life buildiug, to play on .James Bonner, stock....
the burning stores on the east Bide of Imperial Bank, building.
Yonge iStreet south of Queen street. Only J. F. Brow
&
o., st?ck
the UppeT fitoreys of them all, Milne'ø C
nfederatlOn LIfe, bUIld-
store e:x:cepted, were burned. m
...... ..... . .... ..
Everybody thought that the big build- J.
l1lne & Co., stock. .. .
ing of the Confederation Life Company I Knox Church..........
would 8Urely fmccumb. The slate roof Jas. Mannell, building..
f8 irly !Steamed with the heat, and the I Tremont House,furniture
wind WM all that saved it from delStruc- J. Dunfield & Co., stock
tion. Cana.da Umbrella. Co.,
T. Eaton & Co.'s sYßtem of protection stock............ .. .. 2,000 2,000
was an immen.3e aid to the firemen. .They Knights of Pythias , . . . . 500 500
had six .night .watchmen and a. Grmnell T. Eaton & Co ......... 5,000 5,000
automatIc sprmkler fiystem, wIth three Other losses...... ...... 10,000 10,000
hydrants on the roof. Those three hy- __..- ____
drants wel'e a big factor in the fight, TotaL..... .. . .$744.500 $574,800
and the bdgade R;dmitted the aMistance The approximate IOMeß of the several
rendered by the slXteen members of the iDBurance companies intere!Sted are as
Eaton Btaff who were on hand. I f 11 W .
Sam McGowan, of Yorkville aveJl1JC hook 0 0 B..
and ladder, waa struck by a piece of' L
ncashlre Insurance. . . . . . . . . ... . . $30,000
falling ladder from Knox church and got \ LlVer1?ool, London & Globe ,....... 30,000
his arm broken. He was removed to the I Phæmx,. of Brooklyn.... ...... .... 30,000
General Hospital. I Caledoman ...... ...... ...... ..... 25,000
Robert Eve!,est, h()3cma.n, from Lombard Commercial Union...... ... ... .... 25,000
street hall, dl
located a knee-cap by fall- I Northern Assurance. ...... ...... .. 25,000
ing in an open coal hole iu front of Simp- Royal, of England ................ 25,000
wn's. He was taken home. Scottish Union &. NationaL...... .. 25,000
Fireman RobiuROn, of Yorkville, got a. London and Lancashire...... ...... 20,000
broken wrist, but returned after having North British & Mercantile.... .... 20,000
it dres::.ed at the hOE!pital. Ætna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15,000
Robert Dickson and William Feathers Connecticut Fire...... .... ...... .. 15,000
worked in the Tremont House. They London Ass. Corporation .... . . . . .. 15,000
jumped fifteen foot from the main roof on Norwich Union................... 15,000
to the kitchtm, and were cut by the øky- Sun Insurance, of London, . . . . . . . .. 15,000
light. Manchester Fire .., . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12,000
Three men from Berkeley fl!treet hall Atlas Assurance ...... . . . . . . ... . .. 10,000

ad a cl06e shave when plaJ ing a !Stream' Fire Immrance Exchange.. .. ... . .. 10,000
lnto the b-asement of Simpson's. A part Hand-in-Hand.... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10,000
of
he eastern wall fell, and they dropped National......................... 10,000
theIr hOße and jumped just in time. North America. ................. ., 10,000
The 108Be8 on the different buildings and Phænix, of Hartford.,.... ........ 10,000
conten
were: Queen Fire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10,000
Loss Insurance Union Assurance. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. 10,000
R. Simpson, building.. .$130,000 $1l0,000 AgriculturaL..................... 7,500
R. Simpson, stock...... 260,000 210,000 Guardian......................... 7,000
Wanless & Co., building 10,000 12,000 Alliance, Eastern Assnrance, Eco-
Wø.nless &:. Co., stock... 15,000 15,000 nomica.l, Gore Fire, Hartford, Im-
P. J,amieson, stock..... 75,000 28,000 perial, United Fire, LaCh ...... ,. 5,000
Agnculture and Arts As- 'Vestern Assurance Co. (part rein-
soci.tion building. . '. 20,000 13,000 sured). . . . . . , . ., . .. '.... . . . . . . .. 40,000
Do. do. contents.. 5,000 2,500 Wellington Mutual... ... .. .. .. . . . . 1.500

10,000
5,000
5,500
15,000
6,000
1,000

5,000
25,000
10,000
4,000
2,000
4,500

2,000

10,000
5,000
4,300
8,000
6,000
1,000

5,000
20,000
10,000
3,500
3,000
4,000

6 "'1)
.-

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

CHAPTER CXCVIII.
THE REGISTRY OFFICE.

illustrated in a previous chapter. To this
house,. Mr. Cameron transferred the regis.
trarl>hlp of the Ho:ne District, on his uc-
ces"iOll to the office. .
A Department or the Publle Servlee wbldl Mr. Cameron was succeeded by Stephen
haø been Removed from Plaee to Plaee J!
rvi8. who again removed the office to
with Itemarkable Frequeney. his dwelling at the south ea.st corner of
Dl1kf! and Sherbourne streets. This houø8
Often as the cUlitom houses and post offices was of fram
and like the others has been
were :o--hifted about from one place to the described Rnd illustrated.
other until they found their present abiding Samuel Ridout wa.s the next registrar.
places ill the buildinis they now occupy, He first establi8hed the üffice in the house
another department of public I!ervice was of John Dennis at the north-east cor-
more frequently moved. This was the ner of Kin
and Y onge I!treet. This wa.s a
reQl8try dnce, Bnd it is a noteworthy fact framt-' bu
lding with a Ia.rge fruit garden,
that a.Jthough changed so frequently, occupy- about chIef among the products of which
ing quarters in private hou..es. many of were delicious pìums. This building was
them of frame, no p.lpers have ever been destwyed at lea.st IOrty years ago. For a
lost by fire or any other caus
. In 1796 a I lon
tIme it was the only buIlding there-
re
stry office was erstablished for the abouts. It \Vas a. longish one storey strUt
'

---

:::.":--.......--

COUNTY REGISTRY OFFICE-RICIIl\fOSD ST, BETWEEN YOKGE AND BAY STRI!:.I!:TS.
Home District, there was no county of York I t
re,painted white with a palill
in front and
then, not until many yea.' 8 afterwards, and large willow trees. 111-. Dennis who hui t
Mr. Thomas Ridout wa'3 appointed thE-: first it, was formerly snperint,lldlnt of the dock
registrar. He established the office at his I yards at Kingaton. He was one of the
house. the Ridout homestead, which has United Empire Loyalist refugees and receiv-
bel'n de:öcribed and illustrated in a previous ed a. gra.nt of land on the Humber near the
chapter. This was a frame buildin
on !nodern village oÍ 'Ver;t,m. His son Joseph
Duke slreet. I Dennis own
d and commanded a vessel on
Mr. Ridout wa.s succeeded in the office by Lake Ontario in 1812. 'Vhen the war with
Duncan Cameroll. n. very early and prom- I the United States b.oke out he and his ship
inent resident of York, one of the members were attached to the Provincial marine.
of the Lel.1.islative Council, and one of the His vessel.....as capturt'd and he was ma.de
founders of St. James church, and a memo a prisoner of war in which condition he
ber of it from its establishment. MI'. remained for fifteen months. He after-
Ca.mE-ron had previúus 1 y built for a. rcsi- I wards commanded the Princel.'s Charlotte.
dence the house at the corner of Front an
arly steamboat on Lake Ontl\rio. Mr.
and l1eorve streets, which he afterwards I Ridout establiRh the registry office in this
sold to George Monro and is now known as 1 buildin
of John D.:nnis. In 1827. and
the Black H'Jl"se Inn. This building w4ich mainTained.it there for ayear or a little more.
was of frame, haa also been described and In 1828 he mOVf:d the l ffi.-:e to Paterson

LAND
IARKS OF TOR O
TO.

173

buildin6 previously described. which stood
about midwav between K n,! Rnd C .lborne
street on th
Wl'st side of West M'lrket
street. Thi& was also 110 frame buildin
.
The offic
remaiDell here but Be few months
at the t:nd d which tim' Mr, Ridout trans-
ferred it to> the buildin
0# James Beaty
on the south side of Kin'" street betweE'1l
George and Frederick streets. HE're the
cffice wa.s kt'pt for Be year. In 1829, Mr.
Ridout built at his personal expense for the
purpose of a registry office a small brick
building on the north side of Adelaide
street opposite St. James Church. This
buildinJ! has been dCbtroyed. In 1849
while Mr. Ridout held this office a la.w was
p1ssed that the registry Lffice should no
longer be kept in a private residence. but
must be maintained in & public building.
At the same time the,office waø established
as the county regL'!try. As yet there
was no distlict city registry, the ci'y
forming part of the county. In accorda.nce
with the act of 1849 the count)" built a
small one storey stone fire proof building
where the office of the gas company
now stands, on the east side of Toronto
atreet just north of COUlet street. This
bUJIJiug has been destroyed to meke
way for the building which now occupies
the site. In 1855 Mr. ---
Ridout who had been deputy register for
many years, succeeded his fathel Samuel,
in the office which he hM since filled. In
1859 the coun: y and city registrarships were
divided. At quite a recent nate the pre-
sent brick county regist. y l>uildm
was
erected at the north-east corner of Rich-
mOlld and Cla.re streets.
\Vhcn the city al
d county offices were
separated Josfph Mmriøon b<::came the first
city r( gistrar. He estaLlished the <,ffice in
the upper ro(.ms of a buildin
on the >oulh
!!ide of \Vellington street betwten Hay and
Y onge strtet near the Merch'lllts Bank.
The buildin
is still standin!!.
!Yl\'. Morrison hdd the office but a short
time vnd was succeeded bv Samuel Shtr-
w(jod. 11r. Sher wood was aWlawyer He re-
presented Grenville in 18U4, anù was one of
t.he cl1unpel who defended the prisoners
brought down from Earl Selkirk'::! settle-
ment for trial in 1816 on charg. s of mur-
der and robbery. During Mr. Sherwood's
tenure of dlice the city put up for a registry
office a small brick buildin,' on the north
!!idp. of Courl; strf'et, nea.r'" the site of the
police court. Mr. Sllel'wood considered
the bui!dlD
unsafe and unsuitable for the
purpose for which it.....&8 df'si
ned, and re-
fuseù to take the responsibility of kefpilJg
the record
in it. He trallsf. rred them to
his own house, once known as Dorset Hoúse,

and later &s London Hou-e, on the north
side of W('I)jn
ton street, ju<t east of John
street. This building which is now des-
troyed, has been described and illustrated
previously,
Mr. Charleu Vndspy was Mr, Sherwood's
successor in the office of city rel2Ìstr/Jr.
!Ie first establIshed the cffice in the build-
tUi of the Royal Insurance Company at
the Eouth east ::orner of Y onge and Wel.
Hngton streets. The city then put up the
buildiI1g on the south side of R:chmond
street, west <<:,f Y onge, which has sillce been
occupied, Mr. Lindsf'Y ha.,-ing the office.
CHAPTER CXCIX.
JORDAN POST'S SHOP.

The Old Watehmaker of Work-Early He-

olledlonø of a Tall New Englandcr-Ws
Shop. on Duke and IUnK ø&reets.
Fancy the venerable watchmak;;r of ninety
years ago, revisiting the scene of his labours,
ani!. finding his town lot of a few hundred
feet, bounded on the north by King
strep.t, on the east by Y onge street,
on the west by Eay street, and on the south
by Melinda street, worth in 1802 about a
couple of hundred dollars, now valued at
over a million dollars. Jordan Post, the sub-
ject of this sketch, W.1S the early c' ock-
maker of York. He was a tall New
Englander of
raYe address, but of benevo-
lent disposition. aud well like (I in the com-
munity. He was the owner of the entire
frontage from Y onge to Bay on king street,
and south to Melinda street. Jordan skeet,
named after the old watchmaker. òiyided
the lüt, while Melinda street was the name
given to the dividin
line to the south,
in honour of his wor thy wife. Two of
his daughters were named re-
spectively Sophronia and Desrlemona, but
their n,1me
ha.ve not been handed down tOU8
in B ny of the many properties owned by
Post. ::;0 earlv as 1802 .Mr. Post advertised
in the Upper .Canftda Gazette or .A -mel,ican
Oracle, which waS puhlisheä at Toronto,
that he was about to leave York for a s
lOrt
time. The advertisement leads: ., Jor(bn
Post, watchmaker, requests all those who
left watches with him to be repaired, to
call a.t Mr. B
man's ani!. receive them by
paying for the repairs. Heintl'nds returning
to York in a ft:w months. Sept, 11th. 1802."
At the close of the sallie year he puts
forth Ule general notice :-" Jordan Post,
clock and watchmaker, inform>! the public
that he now carries on the aoove bminess
in all its branches at the upper end of Duke
street. H> has a compìete assorrment of
watch furniture. Clocks and watches reo
paired on the shor
st notice aud mt st

674 LA
D)IARKS OF TOROXTO.

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LANDMARKS OF TOROXTO.

675

reaBOnable terms, together with every I the building was torn down. and the
article in the gold and silver line. N.B. present building erected on King street
-He will purchase old brass. Dec. 11th, west, and as far south as Messrs. Maloney
1802." Post's shop 011 Duke street was on I and Ramsay's shop!!! 011 Bay street. Post
the north side near the corller of Jarvis. I then went to Searboro' to live after leav-
A nephew of hiB kept hotel here some ing Toronto.
years after.
Besides the block described above, Mr.
Post had acquired other valuable pro-
perties ill York, as will appear by an
advertisement ill the Weekly Register?f Tbc nOU!iC Occupied by
ol.
. {'omn. {'apt.
J
nuary 19th, 1826, from w
ich also It PblllpoUs. Capt. Ronnycastle and Kay-
wIll be seen that he at one hme contem-
plated a gift to the towr. of one hund- nlond Baby-Sketcbe!i of tile JUt'n.
red feet frolltage and two hUlldred feet I On a promontory, suddenly juttillg out
of depth, for the purpose of a second into the harbour, on the south side of
public market. "Town lots for sale. To Front fltreet, alld 011 the west of Peter
be BOld by ancti<m on the premises, on I street, there once stood a pretty little
Wednes-day, the first day of February I cottage, with a garden and a grove
next, four town lots on King street, west surrounding it. The cottage was a f1torey
of George etreet. Also, to be leased at the I and a half high, of frame, painted white.
same time to the highest bidder. for with green blinds and dormer windows.
twenty-one years, s-ubject to snch COll- It was. enclosed by a board fèllce. The
ditions as will then be produced. six lots I main entrance was at the east elld, and
on the west side of Yonge street, and running around the home on this side
twenty on l\Iarket street. The Subscriber from the gate was a path leading to
has reserved a lot of ground one hund- the bay side of the building where was
red feet front by two hundred feet in the the entrance most commonly used. On
rear, on George Irtreet, for a market the beach. just west of the bank where
place. to be given for that purpose. He the cottage stood, was a much frequent-
will likewiBe lease ten lots in front of ed bathing-place. Opposite the cottage.
said intended market. A plan of the lots on the north side of Front street. was
may be seen and further particulars the Government wood yard. Diagonally
known by application to the subscriber. across. on the north-east eorner of Front
Jordan Poat, York, Jan. 4th, 1826." and Peter Btreet, stood, and still stands.
On the arrival of Sir Francis Gore in the bouse ot the Hon. George Crookshank.
York on the 30th of September. 1815, we The bay shore cottage. and the land on
find amoug6't a deputation of the princi- which it stood and all about. was Ord-
pal merchanUl Jordan Poot. sr., and Jor- nance property. Several men of local.
dan Post, jr. Among the subscribers to or more than local celebrity. at different
a "common school" in York, in 1820, times have made the humble dwelling
we find Jordan Post down for !:17 6s. 3d. their home.
Philip Klinger for 1:2 10s.. and Lardner The first was Co1. N. Coffin. He came
Boowick for 1:2 10s. On one occasion to York with Lieutenant-Governor Sir
about 1835 BOrne of the boys of the town Peregrine Maitland, on his appointment
tried to steal a wooden clock that hung in 1818. alld his name is found among
from the doorway, and the escapade end- the fffibscribers for the Don bridges in
e<<;l in the clock falling on Craig, knocking 1822. Two years later he was one of
hIm down and killing him. Craig was the party which accompanied Sir Pere-
the owner of a distillery over the Don grine on a tour to Lower Canada. The
and nephew of Bishop Strachan. In 1820 Canadian Review for December. 1824.
Post moved west to the south-east cor- after mentioning the arrival of the party
!ler of King and Bay, to the house shown at the Mansion House in Montreal, flays:
III the engraving. This was the first .. In the morning his Excellency break-
bouse erected on that corner. It was torn I fasted with Sir Francis Burton (the Lieu-
down about 1840. and the large three- tenant-Governor of Lower Canada from
storey brick building, belonging to 1808 to 1832), at the Government House.
Jacques & Hay erected. The ground has whom he afterwa:-ds accompanied to
been for many years in the estate of the Quebec in the Swiftsure steamboat. Sir
late Hon. :Tohn. Ross. a fonner member Peregrine is accompanied by Lord Ar-
of t.he LegI81ahve Council of Canada, be thur Lennox, Mr. l\Iaitland, Colonels Fos-
ha.vmg bought the property from the ter. Lightfoot. Coffin and Talbot, with
heIrs of Jordall Pest. the Hon. E. G. Stanley (from 1851 to 1869
After Jac
u
8 & .Hay moved, the ware- Earl of Derby), graI;dsol1 of Earl Derby,
110use was .dIvIded mto two shoP8. and the M.P. for Stockbridge. John E. Deni.!lon,
rear porbon was occupied by William Esq., (subsequently Speaker of the House
Halley. B.8 ft, type warehouse. In 1876 of C<>mmollB), M.P. for Newcastle-u
n-

CHAPTER CC.
A SAY SHORE COTTAGE.

676

LAND).lARKS OF TORONTO.

Tyne, and JameS'S. Wortley, Esq. (after-
warda Lord Wharncliffe), M.P. for Bosei-
ney, in Cornwall. The three latter gentle-
men are now upon a tour in this country
from England." In 1828 Col. Coffin, then
Adjutant-General of Militia, was sum-
moned to appear before a committee of
the HOUBe of Aaeembly, to give evidence
in relation to a trespa86 on Government
property at Niagara Falls, as W8.l'l also
Col. Givins. Sir Peregrine Maitland re-
fUBed permi88ion to attend, upon which
both officers were arrested and locked
up in jail. Col. Coffin wrow a letter
from the jail on the evening of their ar-
rival to Major Hiilier, the Governor's
private secretary. This is a. copy of it:
.. York, March 22nd, 1828. Sir,-I beg
leave to requeat that you will state to
the Lieutenant-Governor that in obedience
to the communication I received through
you, that hiB Excellency could not give
me permÌß8ion to attend a committee of
the H01Ule of AS8embly for the reason
therein lrtated; that I did not attend
the said committee, and that in conse-
quence thereof I have been committed
this evening to the common jail of the
Home District, by order of the House of
Asøembly, I have, therefore, to pray that
hie Excellency will be plea.sed to direct
that I may have the advice and assist-
ance of the Crown officers to enable me
to take such steps as I may be instruct-
ed on the occasion. I 'have the honour,
N. Coffin, Adjt.-Gen. of Militia." No re-
drees, however, was obtained, and Col.
Coffin and Col. GivillB were confined in
jail until the close of the seBsion. They
afterwards brought an action against
the Speaker of the HOlUle for false im-
prisonment, but nothing was recovered.
In t1ae Royal Engineers was an officer
bearing the name and rank of Captain
Phillpotte. He was the brother of Bishop
Phillpott8. He first comes to the notice
of the people of York when the Loyalist,
quoting the Niagara. Gleaner, relates that
Sir John Colborne paid a visit to the
Falls, going on horseback, and aCCom-
panied by Captain Phillpotts, on Mon-
day, November 10, 1828. This was when
Sir John Wall on his way to York, as
fiucce880r to Sir Peregrine Maitland in
the Lieutenant-Governorßhip. Captain
Phillpotts came to York with Sir John
and became hiB nWtary secretary. The
captain WBB a fine looking man, of me-
dium height, rather inclined to embon-
point. He was a. familiar figure to the
inhabit ante of York, especially on Sun-
day mornings, when he would walk òown
to St. Jame8' church with Sir John Col-
borne, ree,;:.lendent in cocked hat, white
feathers and gold-laced uniform. Captain
Phillpotte left York before Sir John Col-
borne, going eitlier to the Lower Pro-

vince8 or returning to England. His !Soa
remained here, stuòied law, was admit-
ted to the bar, and practiBed his pro-
feB8ion up to the time of his death.
Another occupant of the bay Bhore cot-
tage WaB Raymond Baby. He was a
pupil of Dr. Strachan'l3 Home District
Grammar School in 1819, and in 1827,
attired as an Indian Chieftain, he was
one of the cOnBpicuoU8 figures in a war
dance at the first fancy drelilB ball re-
corded in the annal8 of York.
Perhaps the mOBt distinguished dweller
in the cottage W88 Captain, afterwards
Sir Richard BonnycastIe, the author of
"Canada M It Was, Iø and May Be," and
"Canada and the Canadians in 1846."
In one of these books Captain Bonnyca.stle
was led into the error of recording that
Toronto or Tarento was probably the
name of an Italian Engineer. who con-
structed the old French fort, evacuated
and destroyed at the time when the
English obtained supremacy in Canada.
On the occasiou of the completion of the
work on the outlets of the Don, in 1835,
I!IOme old formalities were observed, says
Dr. Scadding. On the twenty-second of
Auguf!t in that :rear the bridges which
had been built by the aid of Sir John
Colborne were handed over by the mili-
tary authoritief! of the town. "The civic
authorities approached the new struc-
ture in procession. A barricade at the
first bridge arrested their progress. A
guard stationed there also forbade fur-
ther advance. The officer in commaud,
Captain Bonnycastle, appears, and the
Mayor and cor}Joration are informed that
the two bridges before them are, by the
command of the Lieutenant-Governor,
presented to them as a free gift for the
benefit of the inhabitants, that they may
in all time to come be enabled to enjoy
the salubrious air of the penillBula, the
only stipulation being that the bridges
should be free of toll forever to the troops,
stores and ordnance of the eovereign.
The Mayor, who, M eye-witneøse8 report,
W8.8 arrayed in an official robe of purple
velvet, lined with scarlet, read the fol-
lowing reply: "Sir ,-On the part of his
Majesty's faithful and loyal city of To--
ronto. I receive at your hands the in-
veetiture of theBe bridges, erected by
command of his Excellency the Lieuten-
ant-GovernOT, and now delivered to the
corporation for the benefit and accommo-
dation of the citizenB. In the name 01
the Common Council and the citizellB of
Toronto, I beg you to 'conveY' to his Ex-
cellency the grateful feelin,gø with which
this new illBtance of the bouuty of our
m
t gracious Boverei'gn is received; and
I take thie occasion. on behalf of the city,
to renew our a,BBurancea of loyalty and
attachment to hiB Majesty's person and

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LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

677

Government, and to pray through hie Ex-
cellency a. continuance of royal favour
towards this city. 1 have, on the part
of the corporation and citizens, to request
vou to aMure his Excellency the Lieuten-
ànt-Governor that his Excellency's desire
and generous exertions for the health and
welfare of the inhabitants of this city
are duly and gratefully appreciated, and
1 beg you to convey to hiB Excellency the
best wishes of myself and my fellow-
citizeIlB for the health and happiness of
hiB Excellency and family. Permit me,
Sir, for myself and brethren to thank you
for the very handsome and complimentary
manner in which you have carried hiB
Excellency's commission into execution."
Immediately the band, who were sta-
tioned on the bridge, struck up the heart-
stirring air, God Save the King, during
the performance of which the gentlemen
of the corporation, followed by a large
number of the inhabitants, passed un-
covered over the bridge. Three cheers
were then given respectively for the
King, for hiB Excellency the Lieutenant-
Governor, for the Mayor and Council of
the city of Toronto, and for Captain
Bonnycaatle. The gentlemanly and dig-
nified manner in which both the addresses
were read did credit to the gentlemen
on whom these duties devolved, and the
good order and good humour that pre-
vailed among the spectators present were
exceedingly gratifying."
The above account appeared in the
eurrent issue of the Christian Guardian
and was copied into the Toronto Patriot
of August 28, 1835. Mr. R. B. Sullivan,
the 8ucceSsor of William Lyon Macken-
lic in the mayoralty, was the mayor at
the time. He was afterwards one of the
judgee of the Court of Common Pleas
'.rhe bridges presented to the city on
this occasion had a brief existence. A
few years later they were carried away
by spring flooda in the Don. Wha t W8.8
now the Island, but was then a peninsula,
was once plentifully stocked with goats,
the offspring of a colony established by
Governor Hunter at Gibraltar Point for
the sake of the nourishing properties of
goatß' milk. These nnimalt; were des-
trojed during the war of 1812. At a
per
o.. p,ntedating the stocking of the
pcnu1flUla. large quantities of goats ran
at larg-e on Goat Island, adjoining the
Falls of Niagara. They were reared by
an English soldier named Stodman, who,
on eecaping a massacre of his comrades
in the neighbourhood of what is now
Lewil/ton, at the hands of the Iroquois,
soon &
ter the conquest of the country,
fled thIther,
nd led a Robinson Crusoe
IIOrt (
f life until his death. In Captain
ßonnycRstle's books on Canada he dis-
ecur&ed freely and often satirically on

persons, customs and places. The cot-
tage on the bay shore has long since dis-
appeared, and the bank has been cut
down to make way for the railroad
tra cks.

CHAPTER CCI.
THE FIRST CAB IN THE CITY.

The Early HI
torY 01 "ubll
('onveYBoces
aDd Some of the Men "'ko Dro, e Them.
East of Parliament street is a section
of the city abounding in short. narrow
streets, thickly built up with houses of
moderate size. Eastern avenue is one of
the thoroughfares traversing this dis-
trict. No. 54: of this street is a very
small one storey frame building, painted
almost black by wind and weather. Here
for more than fifty years has livell a
well known coloured man named Thorn-
ton Blackburn. In one of the doors in
his house he points out to the visitor a
panel shattered by a bullet during the
Mackenzie rebellion. Mr. Blackburn

ame from the United States to Toronto,
accompanied by his wife, who is still
living, in 1834. Por several years he
found employment as 3. table waiter at
Osgoode Hall. Previous to th.is cabs had
made their first appearance in Mon-
treal copied from a vehicle then popular
in London. Mr. Blackburn obtained the
pattern of a Montreal cab and taking it
to Paul Bishop, a Prench Canadian,
whose name of L'Eveque -the Bishop-
had been Anglicized in Upper Canada, he
ordered one made from the design fur-
nished. Bishop, who was a mechanic of
great skill, and counted as the best lock-
maker in Canada, had a shop at the
north-east corner of Sherbourne and Duke
streets. He accepted Mr. Blackburn's
commission, and in 1837 he delivered to
him. the first cab built in Upper Canada.
This cab has been on exhibition at the
York Pioneer's log house in the Exhibi-
tion grounds. It was named" TIll'
City." The cab was painted yellow and
red. The entrance for passengers Vias
from the rear. There wat> accommoda-
tion in it for four passengers. The driver
sat on his box in front. One horse drew
the vehicle. For several years Mr. Black-
burn had the monopoly of the cab busi-
ness in Toronto. It was found to be so
profitable a pursuit that others were
tempted to engage in it. One Monda,y
morning Owen, Miller & Mills, carriage
makers, on the south side of King str,
et,
a little west of York street, turned out
for Guest &:; Griffin, the proprietors of a
livery stable on King street east. abo1ft
the site of Hugh Miller's drug store, SIX
cabs. These were like a little Jo.rk-
coloured 8entry box mounted on wheels.

6i8

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

'l'hey wl're drawn by one horse and car- I CHAPTER CCII.
ried two person
. The driver sat in TH B
front. The)- were called aftl'r the names E R

:. HOUSE.
of the principal lake Btl'amers: 'l'he The Old Homf'8tpad on quef'n S'rf'f't F..nst-
Chief Justice Robinson, Britannia, Queen, I
onle Remlnl8cence8 of a York Pioneer.
Transit, Niagara and Princess Royal. In the latter part of 1894: a fire broke
Other cabs built by Owen, Miller & Mills, l OUt in an old frame dwelling home on
a few years after Mr. Blackburn's ini- Queen <<treet east, next door we
t on the
tiation of the movement, wert> called af- I northern side of the stroot, of the east-
tel' the saints who had furnished !lames ern branch of the Bank of Commerce, by
to the wards of the city. At first there I which this old homestea.d of the Bright
werf" no fixed rates, but later, as thl'se family WlU! all but destroyed. For nearly
public conveyances increal:!eu in number sixty years the old-time building, of
certain fares were fixed for one. two or which an illUBtration is given, was the
more persons, according to the distanc
. residence of John Bright, at the date of
and also by the hour. ,For ordinary his death the oldest inhabitant of the
distances the fare was one shill- city of Toronto, a place he had lived
ing for one pl'rson and one shilling to see grow from a ßmall village of a.
and sixpence fro- two. 'Dhe cab stand wae I few hnndred inhabitants to a great city,
on C1lUrch street, at the west Bide of St. 1 numbering when he died nearly 200,000
James', where it now ÌJiI. At first no license souls.
was paid. Then a tax was fixed, varying John Brigh
wa,e the son of Lewis ?-nd
from l3ix to twelve dollars a year. Of late Margaret BrIght, the former an Enghsh-
yearn this haa been somøwhat increa8ed. man who. had formerly belonged to the
The nUluberillg of the vehicles a18() came 42nd RegIment, 3!ld who came to Can
da
into practice at this time, The first cab-- about the Bame bme that Governor SIm-
ml'n made 80 much moul'Y that soou the cae did, ,?r perha
rather e
rlier, and
busine51i! wali! overdone. Many servants left took up hIlI
bode III Three
lver8. Qu
-
their masters and went into the new oc- , bee. 1 here, III 1796, the f!ubjec.t of thIS
cupation. Amongst the5e were Charl('1!!1 sketch was born. In 179
, Br.lght, the
Abbott, a servant of William H. Boulton, el
er, came to York, an
hved III a sl
b-
at The Grange; J ame.s Alexander Fi tz- bUllt cott
e ?n. the llite now occupIed
patrick, and Judge Hagerman's coach- by the Mall
Ul.Idlllg.
man. George Davis, who had been in the He was prIllclpal messen,ger !or. a great
I.Iervice of Lo
'd Tullamore, built a cab
umber of 'ye
rs at the ProvIll
IaI Par-
which he named after his old master. hament bUlldlllg
, and was
ssl8ted f,?1"
Later two brothers. John and William twenty-seven y?a
of .that hme by hIS
1\.' II t . to th b . d be> t son John. He dIed III hI8 hundredth year,
.L,ewe wen III e U'!llle88, an a u about 1850
the same .time Hobert Paul. Mr. Jo;eph When the' War of 1812 broke ont, John
R:'l-zelt
n
s an old Toro
to ca.b 0\\ ner. Bright took up arlll8 in respolll'!e to
HIS hfe III one respe:t 111 re
kable. Brock's proclamation calling ont the
He has never travelled III any vehIcle 'Out militia, and served throughout the whole
a ca
. He W.8:!I never 011 a eteamb.oat, of the war. Writing in 1888, jlU!t after
a railway trall
or a Bt.r
et car.. .Ho Mr. Brig,ht's death, Mr. D. B. Read, in
c8A;1lle out to thIS country lJll . a . sallIng lone of his works, thus I'!peaks:
sh1p. .
me of the cabme!ll, hndmg the I .. Old veterans like to fight their battleø
com,petIt1OO. too <<tro
g, aban
oned ca
over again. Not long since I had an in-
altoget.her :'l-nd went mto the lIvery
USI- teniew with old Mr. John Bright, 93
neM. The fl1'8t two-horse cab W8.i'\ dnven yeaI'll of age then living below the Don
by Louis WaJker. Like Bis.hop, he was a vetl'ran of' the war of 1812 who w

a. French
Canadian, and like him, too, wounded at the battle of I
undy's Lane,
hIS name WM changed. from the French for which he received a penf!ion. Hi
eye
La Marcbe into Walker. He Hved on the brightened when hili! mind Wall .tirred by
north siòe of Du-chC8B str
t, a few door
recalling the f!cenes of the eventful night
east of Sherbourne street. From thil'! time of the 25th July, and he could tl'll how,
onward cabs, stages, busseI'! aud public with the blesl'!ed moonlight shining on the
conveyancl's of every kind increased with. combatants, the moon's pale light wall
the growth of the city. Mr. Blackburn, brightened by the blaze from the cannons'
the fil'l!!t cab driver in the city, retired mouths, a sheet of flame, how man met
from tbe bu-sinC88 with a competency man, in the fearful carnage of bloody
a I!IIC-Ore of years ago, but he iB not for.- war."
gotten, for grl:'y-haired men uow (1888) At the cloøe of the war, Bright, still a
frequently greet hjm witl1 the exclama- very young man, little more than a boy,
tion, "Ha! It is y<1U who drove me to in fact, began business in the meat trade,
my wedding," or "You are the man wbo I and continued in it succesl'!fully for a.
drove my eldest boy to his chrÏBtening." great number of year&.

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LANDMARKS OF TORO}1TO.

679

When about thirty years or age be bad ably t!pent, .John Bri
ht died early in 1888
acquired the plot of land on the north- in hiB 93rd year. He left behind him a
weBt Corner of Yonge street, where .Jamie- great number of descendants, and a re-
t5on's store stood prior to the great fire of putation for honesty and plain dealing
March, 1895, and all the land adjoining that any man might envy.
it, to .James street on the west, and to 1\Ir. .John Bri 6 ht had a brother a few
LouiBa street on the north. He traded this years younger than himself named
off after" ards with a man named William Thomas, who for a very great number
Knott, who had built the frame house on I of yea rs carried on business as a farrier
Queen etreet in tbe early "thirties," for ann blacksmith on the opposite 8ide of
that homestead, and adjacent land, re- Kingston Road to where the old home-
ceiving in addition a cow 8.8 part of the stead stood. Like .John Bright, .James
deal. was a thorough Tory, and like him too
In 1837 Bright was again in the field in this respect, that he was a con-
agaillBt the illBurgents. and he greatly scientioUB and pain8taking man in nIl

-----

- -
==-=----

THE BRIGHT HUUSE, 1820 TO 1894.

lamented that he could Dot once more g-o I that he undertook. The old blacksmith's
to the front at the Fenian raid in 1866. forg-e WaB a great resort for the old-
Mr. Bdght married about 1828, Nancy, ! time residents 011 the banks of the Don
daughter of William Knott. formerly of i forty years a6'o. There occasionally
t
Queen's Ra.ngers. They had l:Ieveral gathered together .John Thomson, John
ch

ren, thr
e sons, John, Thomas amI ::;mith and Captain Sparks. George Leslie
W.i}ham. amI four daughters. TllQmas would come in now and then, also Illany
BrLght W88 a.n official at the Court How,!e of the Elliotts from Scarborough and
for man! years. dying February 6, 18U5. from Agincourt. .James pat'8ed away in
Mrs. Br
g
t died ill 1878. 1
U2. ha'\ ing passed his 88th birthday.
In POI
tlC8 John Brig-ht was a Tory of and likB his brother and hiB fatller he
the Tones. a Church and King man to left a pleasant memory behind hinJi.
the ba;ck
ne, having no s
ymlJatby with James Bright pa8sed the whole of hill
republ1calllslll or radicalism in any way, life in Toronto and had a large family

tihape or form. l\Ia ny of his descendallts are still in the
After a 10llg life. usefully and hOllOUl'- city, or in its immediatl' vicinity, and

680

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

on9 of hi8 BOnl'! occupies the old forge and
t; I ill carries on the I'!ame businel'!8 that
his father did before him, A nephew of
hiI'! resided for many years on Queen
@treet west in a pretty cottage just west
()f Bathurst street.

CHAPTER CCIII.
THE ISLAND LIGHTHOUSE.

Gibraltar Point which i. to be imm.dia1ely
completed in compliance "uh an add, ess of
the Houl. of ASI.mbl,. to the Lieutenant-
Governor. For a considerable period all
......sels w. . sign<tlled by & flag from the
lighthouse. The accomp:mving illustration
showl the lighthouse on the Point.

The Building on Grindstone Point <<:om-
plf-ted In the year 1808.
One of th(' first, perhaps the very first. ne- Tlf'wS of ."e Norther.. Railway PI.,r and
eessity of a port is a lighthouse. Although Queea'" "'lIarf "'rem ..... Eas. and We"t.
such a
uide to lake navigators was proj
ct. In 185'2 the B3ard of Harbour Commil'!-

ed and begun at a very early period it was sioners decided that a winter hubour al
)Dg
not finished lmtÏl York had become quite a the western bay shore w:u a convenient and
Tillage. A lIghthousc was begun on what desirable thmg for the accommorlation ofthe
was then York p3ninsula, but is now To- shippinv. of this port. The Queen's wbarf
ronto bland at the point known 1108 Gibral.. at the foot of Bathurst street and what in
tar POInt, before the close of the last cen.. now the eastrrnmoat of ihe piers of tbe Nor-
tury and tbe vessel Mohawk, of which we thern railroad were then in exi
teDC'3. ACe
had frequent men\ion in the early annals coràinvly, Mr. J. G. Howard, the veteran
of the tOWlJ, was employed in bring
ng
)Ver ellllineer of Hi
h Park, in 1darch, 1853, sub-
.tones from Queenston to build it. Mr. John mitted a plan for an out8!de winter harbour
Thomson, who was etill living in 1873, was
o !he w
st of the Que
n's wharf anti tor ,an
employed in its erection. The buildine wu lOslde....m er harbour m the .....ater Jot Jym

then 6ègun, bnt evidently was not oomplet- east of
he Queen's whari and up to theNor.
ed, for in 1803 an Act was paNed by the I thern pIer; thesfl water lots stret(:hing QUt
Provincia.l L3gislature for the establishment I as far a8 what is known al'! the windmillhne.
of lighthouses on the fòouth-westernmost As soon as this plan of the Harbour Com-
point oi a certain island cailed I"le Forest, missioners became known.
h-. Cumberlanò,
situate:l about three leauues ir"m the town then the Presidentofthe Northern road, had
of Kin!!'ston in the Midland Distrlc
, an. cribs sunk and booms put down fm' rafting
other upon Mi83issaga Point at. the entranc{> timber, thus shuttill
off the postHbility of
'0 the Niaga.ra River near to the town of ulling aay considerable sp
ce of the water
NIagara, and thp. otheruponG:braltarPoint. Jot between the Queen's wllarf and theNor-
It was not practicable to ca!'ry the Act fully tÀ1ern pier for a winter harbour. An ar-
in
o effec: before 1806 at the earliest. Ac.. ran
ement was etIec:;ed by which the Har-
cording to the Act a fund for the erection bour Commission secured a small portion of

nd m&mten
nce of these lighthouses wa"l to the water lot to t.he
astward of the ear.tern
be formed by levying threepence p::'r ton on line of the Queen's wharf but it was so fimall
every \'es\!eJ, b
at, rafr, or other' craft of ten Lhat it has never been available for the pur-
ton'!! bu"den and upwards doubling thep,olllt pose intended, The city then cribbed and
named, mward bound. Tnat lighthouse filled in at a cost of $10,000, the water lot
duty should be levied at a port when there west of the Queen's wharf which had been
W3.8 no lighthouse became a grievance) and mtended for the outer harbour, but tbe
in 1818 it was enac:ed that no vessel, boat, Canadian Pacific RaÏlroad one night set a
raft, 0:" other cmft of the burden of ten tons large Ilang of men at work puttil)
tracks
and upwards Ehould be liab!e to PlY auy down on it and thus stole the pr
perty and
h/{hthonse duty at any port where no light- the improvements at the same tIme. The
hoase was erecteò, Bny local ll\w or usage first NOI.t.hern pier was that running at an
to the contrary Rotwithstanding. But the ang
e eal!tward Irom the foot of Brock !ltreet..
li",hthouse at York was not completed until Ou this pier slands the gl"aineleyator showD
J808 at the earliest, for in the Gautte of in viewNo. 2. Since that time several piers
}lalch 16tb of that VeST the announcement have been con.truckd hetween this and :he
IS made that a l
gb
ousf' is about to be im" Queen's wharf, VIew No. I is taken from
mediately estab'lshed on Gìbraltar Point at the ori2inal Northernpier looking west with
the entrance to York harbour. Tile GazetU the QUM!n's wharf in the distauc{> showing
reml\rks : It is with pleasure we mform he I the hOOffiS and the lo
s. View No.2 shows
public that ib
danli('era to f'essels l1avlgatinp- the Nortbern pier and eleyator looking from
La.ke Ont.Hio will in a great m"asure be the west 'With a sDlall portion of the booms
avoided by the erection of a hQ.hthouse on
nd loJZ:s.

CHAPTER CCIV.
TWO WESTERN PIERS.

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682 LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

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CHAPTER CCV.
THE OLD POOL IN THE PARK.

\ the site of the naval buildin
yard where an
unfinished ship of war and the materials col.
lected for the construction of others were
destroyed when the United States' forc:es
took possessIon of York in 1813, It appears
tha.t CoL Jos
ph BouchQtte had just been
pointing out to the Government the exposed
condition of the public property hem. In
hig BritIsh North America he remarks that
"the defenceless situation of York. the mode
of its capt ure and the destruction of the
iarjZe ship then on the stocks were but too
prophetically demonstrated in my report to
headquarters in Lower Cauad.J. 011 my return
from" responsible mission to the capital of
the Upper Province in the early part of
April. Indeed the communication of the
result of my reconnoitring operations and the
intemgence of the successful inyasiou ot
York and the firing of the new ship by the
enemy were received almost simultaneously,"
The Goyernor-in-chief, Sir George Pre'
yost, was blameà for haY1O
permitted a
friiate to be laid àown in an unprotected
poli>ition. .. Veritas" a correspondent of the
Montreal Herald in 1815, says that there was
a .. st::-iking impropriety in building at York
without proyidlI1g the means of security there
as the works of de:ence projected bV Gp.n..
A Pleee of MII!IIIC" f.oD,polled For and Sun
eral Brock-when he contemplated before the
0.. That Oeca8ion. war the removal of the naval depot from
Alon
the edg-e of the bay just wet!lt oftþ
K:nf;!;ston to York by reason of the prox.
western extremity of the present Parliament imity of tile former to the States in water.
House grounds formerJy ran a 8hingly beach by the ice-were discontinued by order of
of a width sufficient to admit of the passage Sir Geor
e Preyost that is-and neVèr re.
of velaicles. Back of this beach was the clift', sumed. The position intended to have been
exteDdil]
along the bay front, fiiteen or fortified by General Brock, near York, was
twenty feet hi
h at this point. 'fhe com" capable ot being made very strong had his
miasariat store.houses were "ituated here on plan been executed, but as it wa!! not nor
this be2ch-long white structures of wood any otht r plan of defen
e adopted. a ship-
with the 8hutters of the wmdûws always yard wIthout protection became an allure-
closed I.uilt on a level with the bay, yet mEnt to the en
my as was felt to the COt!lt of
having an entrance in tbe reat by a narrow the mhabitantli> ot York."
gan
way from the cliff above on which close On the 28th of December, 1833, the intE.'.
by Wlog thE> guard house, a smaIl buildill
I rio: of the commisaariat stflre decorated with
painted a dun coloar with a roof of one slope flags was the scene of the first charitabl
ba...
10cliaing to the 8OU
b and an arched stoop
ar bel
in thet'e Darts. It was for the

-
or.yerandah open to the norrh. A lignt hef, of dIstress occasl?ned by a .recent VISl-
brldl;te over a deep watercourse led. up to the tatlOn of cholera. The f'nterpnee was ve-
guard
hou8e. Here a sentry was now to be markably snccessful. SibLald's Canadian
8t!en pacing up and down. Over other de- Magazine in the foilowing January says of
pre88ions or ravioos dose by herE' were lon
it: .. All the fashionable and well-dispos-
to be seen some pìa.'forms or floored areas ed attended; the band of the
a.naut 79th
of 8tOUt pla'1k. These Wlere said to be played, a.t each table stood a lady a.nd in a
spa
s occupied bV .iifferent portions of the very ahort time a.ll the articles were sold
renowned can\"as-lli>use of Governor Simcoe, profitably to gentlemen, who will keep
a. structure manufactured 10 London and at!l the apple of their eye the things
o.ce t
property of Captain Cook, the Clr.. made ã.ñd presen
d by Sú-ch hands. The
C'DmÐaT1g3tor. The convenience of its pIa>> sum co lected on \nis occasiQn was tÀl'ef"
and tha hospitality for which it afforåed I I hundred and eleven pounda. The b&saal'
roo
were favol1rtte topics among the COUl- I waa uo.der the pa.tr9&age of
d
Co
bor
e."
pamons of the Gov
rnor. Some way to the Herewith is pre8(\r-tt'd a fac 911R11e 01 a
)ece
east of the comruissariat store,houses was of music called The Rl\ven Plume. wrItten

AD .ArtUlrial Minlatare ........e W'.It'h Onee
OraD.If'nted '
e IIlIlTenlly Ground".
Those familiar with Queen'a Park and the
Uniyersity Grounds !lave not faIled to ob,
t!lerve the det-p ßZuUy or ravine which lies be-
tween the University buildings and the
pathway. Originally a small st:.-eam ran
through this clove. Subsequently it was
thouirht proper to build a dam acrot!ls the
t!ltream and so construct a miniature lake.
This was done anj the p')nd SQ formert re-
mained in existence for a considerable length
of time. Finally, however, the water grew
st&gnant and the general off
l1siYeness ot the
pool was enhanced by the f3ct that it waa
made a convenient piace of execution and
burial for all the worthlest!l cats and dogs in
the nei
hbourhood. A drain was built. the
water of the lake wa.t!I let off, and now the
rayine presents much thE' same appe&rance
as origina.lly. The illustration shows the
l.ke at! it WßS.

CHAPTER CCVI.
YORK'S FIRST BAZAAR.

684-

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

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LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

68;)

The BnllclinK at the North.W
sl (:orner or
t::hllrch and A.clelalde Streets.

for that occasion bV Jam?s
1. CawdeIl, The house w"'ich is of two stories and of
dedicated to Miss Mary Powell and tlUng bV jZood size was built about 1832 by a tailor.
J, E. Goodson. L'\dy Co
borne, of cour
e, named Hunter, who carried 011 his busines.
was the wJfe of Lieutenant-Governor Sir there añd aillo occupied it as a residence.
John Colb.orne.Lord Sbaton, Mi
s :Mary Pow. In 1837 it was the residence of Hugh Scobie,
ell was the dau
hter of Chief Justice Pow.. the proprietor of the British Colonist.
ell, Mr. J. M. Ca"dell was a well. known After his death the bu',lding was
local pIOneer of literature. He published converted it into a hotel. SIDce t:u,n
for a shor-:; tIme a mllgazine of light reading it has beeu ueed as a lIaloon for the
entitled the Rose Harp, the bulk of which I greater part of the time. When the
consisted of L!raceful composJtions in verse house was being rE'novated, on rtmc)\'-
and prose by himself. Mr. Cawdell had ing the paper from the wall in the front room
been an officer in the army. Through the lookin
out on Adelaide street, an arch,
friendphip of Mr. Justice Macaulay, after-- stretchJDg from thE' Boor nearly to the c
il-
ward Sit. James, he was appomted librarian ing, paJDted on the plaster
.as discl.ve.ed
and secretary to the Law Society of O-,goode on the f>outh walI, showing that the apart-
Hall. He died in 1842. ment had onee bp.en used as .. lodge room.
CHAPTER CCVIIl.
THE FIRST YORK REGIMENT.
An OrgunlzRllon or MlltUa Established
Here II' 1798-lIs Omcers.
In 1798, while the Hon. Peter Rus
eIl was
acting as the President of the Council, be-
tween the withdrawal of Governor S:mcoe
and the appointment ot the Hon. Peter

CHAPTER CCVII.
'A OHUROH STREET OORNER.

A red brick building s'ands at the north.

THE N. W. CORNER OF (BITnCH AND ADELAIDE STS
wes

omer oí Ct:
rc
and Ad
laide streets I Hunter as president, it was dCCJded tùa :
opposite the pub,lc library. whIch few per- there should be a reL!imcnt oi rni:itia estab-
.one remcmber as anythiu2 beside a saloon. lished at York. Acèodingly an Order-Ill-

68&

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

Council was passed. and Hon. D. W. Smith.
Survevor-General. was appointed colonel.
The có,onel then drafted the following offi-
eers who were pla
ed on the recoids and
af.p;oved by the President-in-Council, as
follows:
The Ho,. D. W. Smith. Col'
.John' m1.ll, I<:sq,. J. P., clerk of t
e Hon. E.
Co, forroelly captain in the British militia.
I..ieut
-Col.
Jr1ajor- Y'\cant. .,
Deputy-Lieutenants- Wm, JarvIs,
sq,., pto.
fesaing to have the Governor's c;ommlsòlon as
deDuty-lieutenant and colonel of the York
milit
a, J!:ast Riãing. .
Richllrd Beasley, ESQ.. J. P.. member of Par.
liament, West r.iding.
To be captains-Mr. \oVm. Graham, formerly
a captain in the King's service and now on
b
r
lrred. Baran de ].aen, formerly a ('autain
in t1:8 German troops, eropioJed byhisM8jesty.
Richard Beasley. Esq., member of Parlia-
ment, now captain in the Lincoln militia.
John Wilson. Ksq.. J. P., fcrmerly captain of
militia in Nova Scotia.
Mr Wm. Ct.ewitt. of the Eurvcyor-General's
Department. formerly captain of militia in the
AaRtern district.
Mr. V(m. Berczy. said to be already commis-
sioned.
Mr. Ge:)rge Playter. a U. E. Loyalist and pen-
.ioned.
Mr. 'l'homas Ridout. lieutenant, from the
Lincoln militia.
Mr. Alex. Burns, secretary to his Honour the
Presirlent,
:Mr. Benjamin Mallory, son-in-law to the late
Mr. Dayton.
To be lieutenants:
M:r. "Jõhn' Deriíson, formerly oãièër in the
British mili;,ia.
Mr. W. Allan, lieut. from the Lincoln militia.
George Chisholm. Esq., justice of the peace.
Mr. Alexande
\Vood, merchant.
Mr. Jacob Herkimer, merchant, brother.in-
law of the Hon. R. II.
Mr. Edward \Vrlght, formerly quarterma!!ter
Queen's Rangers.
Mr, Archibald Cameron, merchant, formerly
er
eant of the Queen's Rangers.
Mr. Thomas Barry, merchant.
Mr. Samuel HElron. merchant.
Mr. Archibald Thomson. formerly a militia
officer.
Mr. Wheeler Douglas. merchant miller.
-Algerman, said to bc commissioned.
To be ensigns:
Mr. James P..ug
le8, merchant, nephew of B.
G. Ruggle
.
Mr. Gamble. from Ireland, merchant.
Mr. John 'fenbroch, Bon ot Major Tenbroch.
=Mr, Samuel D. Cozens. son of Capt. Cozens
aad a.ssistant in secretary's office.
Mr. A. T. Ruggles, merchant, nephew of B.
G. Ruggles.
Staff :
Mr. Alex. Macnab, to be adit. with rank of lieu\.
Mr. Abner Miles. to be quartcrmaster.

CHAprER CCIX.
NEWMARKET AND SHARON.

'l'lae KedaR or IJppel' Y onSle "tree I "'lIh R
Pall A.ecoanlor nøyld Willson and His
Beel. .be (;bildrell 01 Pence.
After pa.ssing the region of the Oak RidgE's on

Yon
e street, at the point whe:'e Newmar-
ket came in view tow-ard the east. a IP-T28
portion of the traffi c (If Y on
e street turned
aside for a. certain distance out of the
fltraight route to the north in that direction.
About this point. the ancient dwellers at
York, used to take note of signs that they
had passed into a nigher latitude. Half a
åegree to tne south of their homes. at Nia..
g
ra for example, tney werE' in the land. if
not of the cltren a
d myrtle. certainly of
the tulipt\"ee 'l.nd pawpaw. where the edible
chestnut grew pleutifully in thE' natural
woods and the peach J nxuriantly flouri8hed.
Now, halt a d,'
ree th e other way in the
tramontane region. north of the Rldge'3.
they found themselyes in the presence of a
vf'getation that spoke of an advance. hcw-
ever minute, towards the pole. Here all
along the waysIde beautiful specimens of thE'.
spruce. piue. and balsam fir. stran
ers in
the torest about York, were encountered.
Sweeping the sward with their drooping
branches and sending up their dark
reell
spires hIgh in the air. theee trees were al-
ways r
garrled witil interest and desired as
graceful objects worthy to be transÎerred to
the lawn or ornamf'l1tal shrubbery. Thus
writes Dr. Henry Scadding to whom we are
indebted for this chapter on Newmarket
and Sharon.
A little way off the road on the left, just
before the turn leaåing to Newmarket. was
the great Quaker meetin
' house. of this
re
ion-the Friends' meeting-house, abuild-
ing of the useful plain cast, generally seen
with its solid shuttp.rs closed up. This was
the successor of the first Quaker meetlng-
house in U 1>per Canada. Hl're Mr'. Joseph
JolIn GUrl1f'Y. the eminent English Quaker,
who trayelled on this continent in 1837-40.
deliyered severa.l addresses with & view
especially to the re-uniting, if possible, of
the Orthodox and the Hicksites.
Gourlay in his ,. S
atlstical Account of
Upper Canada." took note that this Qu
ker
meeunl!-house and a modern chljpel at
tIoSZg's Hollow. belongin
to the Cl1u:ch of
Eugiand, were the only two places of wor.
ship: 0 be seen on Y onge street between
York and the Holl
nd L'lndin
, a distance.
he says, of nearly forty miles. This was in
1817.
Following now the wheel marks of clear02
ly the majority of vehicles traveUing on the
street. we turn aside to Newmarket.
Nf!wmal'ket had for its germ. or nucleus.
the mills and stores of Mr. E lsha Beaman.
who emigrated hither from the state of New
York in '1806. Here also on the branch of
the Hollaud Rivl r, mills at an early date
were established by
1I-. Mordecai Millard
and tanneries by Mr. Joseph HIll. Mr

LANDMARKS OF 'IORON1'O

Bðaman's mills ùecame subsequently the
property of Mr. Pet.er Robinson, wh3 was
Commissioner of Crown Lanås in 1827, and
one of the representatives of the united
counties of York and Simcoe, and afterwar<Ìs
the property of his bcothE'r, Mr. W. B.
RöblUson, who for a time resid
d here, and
for a number of years rfpresented tha
county of Simcoe in the Provincial Parlia.
ment. Most gentIf-men travelling north, or
to the north-west, brought with them from
frienrls in York, a note of commendation to
Mr. Robins.:>n, whose friendly and hospi-
table disposition was well-known. Gov-
ernors, commodores and commanders-in-
ohief 0.1 their tours of pleasure or duty,
were
lad to find a momentary restil1g-plac

a" a refined dompstic fireside. Her"", Sir
John Franklin was ente.tained for Borne
days :n 1835, and at other periods, Sir John
Ross and lJ.lptain Back, when on their way
to the Arctic reeions.
In 184,. Mr. W. B. Robinson was Com-
missioner of Puhlic \V orks. and at a later
period, one of the Chief Commissioners of
the Canada Company. Mr. Peter Robinson
was instrumental ih settling
he region in
wblch our Canadian Peterborough is sit-
uated. and from him that town hasits name.
At Newmark.et was lon
engaged in pros-
perous business, Mr. John Cawthra, a mem.
bel' of the millionaire famtly of that name.
Mr. John Cawthra was the first repres
n
a"
tive in the Proyincial Parliament of the
County of Simcoe, after tbe separation from
the County of York. In 1812. Mr. John
Cawthra and his brothl'r Jonathan, were
among the volunteers who offered thE-m.
selves for the defence ot the countrv.
Thouu'n by nature inclined to peace, thë y
were imp 'Iled to this by a sincere sense of
dut.y. At Detroit, John asslS
ed in convey"
ing across the river 10 scows tbe heavy guns
which Were expected to be wauted in the
attack on the fort. Ou the slopes at Queen

ston, Jonatban had a hair-breadth escape.
At the direction of his officer, he moved
Í1'om the rear to the front of his company,
givini{ place to a comrade. who, thE' follow-
iD
instant, had a portion of his lp.g carried
aW8:Y by a shot from Fort Gray, on the op-
posIte sIde of the river. Also at Q'Jeen.
ston, John, after personaI:y cautioning Colo-
nel Mdcdonell again
t rasbly exposing b1m.
self a6 h
set'med to be doing, was callf'd on
a few mmutes afterwards to aid in carrving
that ()fficer to the rear, mortally wounded.
WI
h Newmarket. too, i9 Associated the
name of Mr.
illiam Roe, a merchant, then
since 1814, eUJ:{aged at one time larjlely in
tbe fur trade. It was Mr. Roe who saved
from. capture a cOl1slderable portion of tbe
publtc funds, whel1 York feU into tl::e hands

687

of General D
arbornand CommodoreChaun.
cey in 1813. Mr. Roe was at the time an
employee in the office oÎ T,he Receiver-Gene-
ral, Príd"aux Selby, and by the order of
General Sheaffe and the Executive Council,
he conveyed three bags of gold and a large
sum in army bills to tbe farm of Chief Jus.
tice Robinsón, on the KiI'gston road, east
of the Don brid
e and there buried them,
The army bills were afterwards delivered
up to tbe enemy, but the gold remained se-
cft.ted until afte:i the departure of the in.
yaders and was banded over to the au thori.
ties in Dr. Stracban's parlour by Mr. Roe
The Recelyer.General's Iron chest was also
removed by Mr. Roe, and deposited on the
premises of Mr. Donald McL9an, clerk of
the H(luse of Ass
mbly. Mr. McLean was
killed w
1ile bravely opposing the landing
of the Americans and hi'!! house was plun-
dered, the strong chest was broken open
anå about one thou!land silver dollars were
taken therefrom.
The name of Mr. Roe's partner at N ew-
market, Mr. Andrew B Irlacd, is likewise
associated with the takin
of X ork in 1813.
He was made prisoner in the &ght and in
the actual strug"le a
ainFt capture, he re-
ceived six or seven rifle wounde, from the ef.
feets of which he never wholly rE'coverE'd.
He bad also been engaged at Q;"eenston and
D<Jtroit.
In the report of the Loyal and Patriotic
Society of Upper Canada, we have al1 entry
maùe of a donation of sixty dollars to Mr.
A ndrew Borland on the 11 th of June, 1813,
with the note !lppendcd : .. The Committee
of the Loyal and Patriotic Socie!y voted
this sum to Mr. Borl:md for his pd.triotic
and eminent s<:rvices at Detroit, Queenston
and York, at whi
h latter place he was se-
VCCE'ly wounded."
We alao learn from the report that Mr.
D' Arcy Boulton had prE'sented a. petiti(\n to
the Society in favour of Mr. Borland. The
members of committee present at the meet-
ing held June 11th, 1813. WE're Rey. Dr.
S rachan, Cbairman: William Chewett.
Esq.. William Allan, Esq., John Sma'), Esq.
and Alex. Wood, Eòq., S cl'etary, a.nd tbe
minutes state that.. the petition of D'Arcy
Boulton, Esq., a m
mber of the Society in
fayour of Andrew Borland, was taken into
coneideration and the sum of sixtv dollars
was voted to him on account of his" patriotic
and eminent services at Detroi', Queenston
and York, at which latter place he was
rnobt severely wounded." Mr. Borland had
been a clerk in Mr. Boulton's store. In the
order to pay the money øiened by AI(.<J(an

del' Wood, Mr. Borland ia Btyled II a yolun-
teer in the York Militia." He afterwards
had a p:msion of twenty pounds & Near.

688

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

In 1838, his patriotic ardour was not Somerton, in Somersetshire, England, and
quenched. Durmg the troubles of that pe. secondly, to the rectory of Cleuchwarden,
riod. he undertook the cummand of 200 In. in th
County of Norfolk in England, the
dian!!, who had volunteered to figh,; in de- Rev, R. Athill. And another intervenin

fence of the C:'own of England if there Incumbent was, after having been aiso
should be neE'd. Thev wt're stationed for trainE'd for the ministry and admitted to or-
a time at the Holland Landing, but their del's bere in Canada, cailed subsequently to
services were not rrquired. clerical work in the Uuited States, being
From bemg endowed with great energy of finally appo:nted one of the canons of the
character and having also a familiar know.. Cathedral Church at Chicago, by Bi
hop
ledge of the natiye dialects, Mr. Borland \Vhitehouse, of Iliinois. Tbis was the Rev.
had
reat influence with the Indian tribes G. C. Street, a near relative or the distin..
jrequent;in
thE" coasts of Lakes Huron and guished EnglIsh architect of that name, de-
Simcoe. Mr. Roe, likewise in his dealing::; 8iuner and builder of the new law courts in
with the aborigines, !-lad acquired a consiù' Lor.don.
erable facility in speakin
the Otchibway As to the name Newmal'ket, in its adop..
dialect and had much influence \\ ith the tion, there was no desire to set up in Can3."
natives. da, a memorial of the famous English Cam-
Let us not omii to record, too. that at brid
eshire racin
town, The tJtle chosen
N ewmarket not very many years since, was for th
place was an announcemznt to thiil
successtully practising a grandson of Sir effect: Here:s an additional mart for th"
Willia.m Blackstone, the commentator on convenience of an increased population, a
the la.ws of England,
fr. Henry Blackstone. phlCP. where farmers and others may pur"
whose conspicuous talents gave promise of . chase and excha.nge corr.modlties without
an eminence in his professioñ, not unworthy beinJ.t at the trouble of a journpJ' t
York or
of the naMe Jae bore. But his career was elsewhere. The name of the Canad:
u New.
cut short by de'1th. market in fl;,c
, arose as probably that of the
Th
v.ri
d .ch1rac"er of colonial society, En2
i
h Newmarket Itself aruse when first
especIallY J
Its early crude state, tGe living e3tal:Jhshe

s ,a newly-opened place of trade
elements mJxed up in it and the curious for the prtmltlve farmers and othE'rs of An.
chan'tE's and interchanges that take place in glia and Mercia in the An
o.Saxon Deriod.
the course of its development and consoli
It deserves to be added that the E\J
llsh
dation receive illustrations !rom ecclesias- Church at Newmarket was years ago to
tical. as well as civil, annals. some extent endowed by a
ene.'ous gift of
We. oursplv
s. remember the church edi
"aluable land made bV Dr. Beswick, a
fice of the Anglican communion at Newmar- bachelor medical man, whose l&rge, white
ket, when it Was an unpLastered. unlatÍ1ed, house on a knoll by the wayside, wa& always

la.
board s
ell, hayin
repeatedly officiated noted b
the traveller from York. as he
10 It; while 10 that sta
e of Its existence. turned aSJde from Yong-e street for Newmar..
Since then, the con
regation represented by keto
that ciapboard shell, have had a
pastor
, ProceedlDfZ ,onwards now from
ewmar-
me.n. like the following: a graduate of ket, we spef'dtly co
e to the vlllage of
TrJ
Hty Collegp., Dublin, not und:stinfZuish. S,haron, or Hope, as Jt. wa. once named,
ed 10 his University, a protege of the fa- situated also off the direct northern route
mous ArchbÜ:hop Magee, a co-worker for a of YODgf' street.
time of the distin
uiBhed DI'. Walter Far- David Willson, the great notability and
Quhar Hook of L:-eds, and minister of one founder of the place, had been in his YOUDiZ-
of the modern churches there, th9 Rev. Ro- er davs a. sailor, and as such had visited the
bert .Taylor, afterwards of Peterborou
h, Chinese ports. After joining the Quakers,
tlere 10 Cmada. And since h!s illcumbpncy he tau2ht for a time amongst them as a
t
eJ' haye been .ministered to by a former schoolmaRter. 11'01' some procpeding of his,
vl
ar of a pronll
ent church in London, St. cr for 80me peculiarity of religious opinion.
MJchaeI's, Bl1rleu
h street, a dependency of he W.1S cut; off from the Hlcksite sub..àivI"
St.
artin's in Trafall"ar Square. the Rev. sion of the Quaker body. He then bega

SeptImus Ramsav, who was also long the the formation of a denominatIOn of his own.
chJef secret3:ry aD:d ,manager of a well. In the bold policy of giving to his personal
known Cùlomal M.lcslonary Society, which ideas an outward embodJment in the form
Ï1ad it
headquarters in London. of a conspicuous temple, he ;;,ntlcipat
d the
While on the otheò' baud an interyening shrewd prophets of the.Mormons, JOileph and
pastor of the same congr(>
ation, educated Hiram Smith, Wil!80n'ø building was
for the ministry here!n Canada, and admit. erected ab('lut 1825, Nauvoo was not com 4
ted to holy orders here, was transferred menced nntil tht' sprin,'t of 1840.
from Ncwmarket, first, to the yicaraKe of In a little pamphlet, publibhed at Phila 4

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

689

delphia, in 1815, Willson gives ihe follow-
in{\' acconnt of himself. He says: I, the
writer, was born of Presbyterian parents in
the county of Dutches Q , State of New York
in North America. In 1801. I removed with
my family into this Province-Upper Ca.na..
da-and after a few years beca'l.e a member
of tr,8 Society of the Quakers at my own
rrquest as I chose a spirItual people for my
bre, hren and !lIsters in reltgion. But after
I had been a member thereof about seven
years, I began to speak sometbillg of my
knowledi'e of God or a Di vine Being in the
heart, soul, or mind of man, all which si
-
nifies the same thing to my understandmg,
but my language was offensive, my spirit
was abhorred, my person was disdallled, my
company was forsaken by my brethren and
sisters, After which I retired from the So.
ciety and was disowned by them for so
doing, but several retired WI, h me and were
disowned, aiso because they would not unite
in the disowning and condemning the frui!"s
of my spirit, for as I had been accounted a
faithtul member of the Society for many
yearf\, they did not like to bE; hasty in con-
demnation. Therefore we became a separ..
ate people
nd assembled ourselves together
under a separate ordH which I immediately
formed. After I retin'd from my former
meetings, as o.r discipline led to peace with
all people more than anyone in my know.
led2e, we called oursE'lves Children of Peace
because we were but young therein.
The following account of the Temple
erectE'd by Willson at Sharon is by a visitor
to the village ID 1835, Mr. Pa.trick Shirre1f,
who in his "Tour through North America,:'
published at Edinburgh in 1835 says: The
building is of wood, painted white external-
ly, seven y feet hi
h, and consists of three
storey!!. The first is SiXTY feet square with
a door in the centre of each side and theee
large windows on each side of t he door. On
two sides there is a representation of the
setting sun and the word "Armageddon" in-
scribed be!ow. The second storey is twen-
ty-seyen feet square with three windows on
each side and the third store)' nine feet
Equare with one window on each side. The
corners of each of the stories are terminated
by square lan'erus with eilded mountings
and the termination of the building isa gild..
ed ball \}f cODsiderable size. The interior
was fi led with wooden chairs placed round
sixteen pí!larø, in the centrE' of which is a
square cabinet of black walnut with a door
and windows on E'ach side. There Was a
table in the centre of the cabinet covered
with black ve1nt hun2' with crimson merino
and frin
e In whicn was deposited a Bible.
On the foUl' central pIllars were painted the
words Faith, Hope, Charity and LovE', and

on the twelve others tbe names of the Apo..
tiel. The central pillars seemed to support
the second stor, y and at the fcot of each
was a table conred with green cloth. The
house was without ornament, being painted
fawn
reen and white aud had not 90 pulpit
or placp. for addressing an audience. It I.
oc
upied once a month for collecting cha.ri:)1
and contains 2.952 panes t f
lass and ia
liehted once a year with 116 candles.
The materia:s Of the frame work of the
Temple Dr. Scadàing continufs, were pre-
pared at a distance from the site and run
rapidly up as far as possible without noise
in imitation of the building of Solomon's
Temple. By the side of the princjpal edi"
fice stood a structure, 100 feet by 50 feet,
used for ordinuy meetlDgs on Sundays. On
th
first Friday in S..ptembH used to be all
annua: feast when the TtmDIE; was illumi-
nated. In It was an orp:an' buIlt bY' Mr.
Coates of York.
There was a local membership of the Chil-
drm of Peace in York and at stated inter-
vals services were held here in the old court
house on Richmond street, at Lawrence'.
hotel and in the small brick schoolhou'3e on
Bel keley street. Considerable crowds AS"
sembled on these occasions and once a. panic
arose as preaching was going on in the pub.
he room of Lawrence's hotel; the joii'ts of
the o.oor were heard to crack, a rush was
made to the door and several leaped out of
the windows. ..l favourite topic o-i Willson's
was "Public Affairs, their Total Depravity,"
coup:ed with denunciations of the so-ca.l!ed
Family Compact. Into these points; Mr.
Willson would e!1ter with great zest. When
waxing warm in his dillcourr.e he would
!lometimes, without interrupting th
flow of
his words, sudd
nly throw off his coat a.nd
suspend it on a nail or pin in the wall. way-
ing about with freedom durin" the residue
01 hi!! oration a pair of sturdy arms arrayed
not indeed in the dainty lawn of a bishop;
but in stout, well.bleached American fac-
tory. HIli addr ess was diyided into sections
between which hymns of his own C'Omposin

were l5un
by a company of femares, dress-
ed in white, sitting on ODe side, accompa..
nied by a band of musicLI;nstruments on the
other.
Da\'id was an illiterate mystic a. his writ.
ings show. At the close of the wa,r oi 181J,
he appears to have beeR under the IlJlpres-
sion that the Governmpnt designed to ban-
ish him as a seditIOus person. He &ceO!""
in
ly published a document deprecating
6uch action. TÌ1ebe are extra
ts frOIP'iT.
Address to thy crown. 0, England, and
thy grea.t name. I write as follows to all
the inh:-..bitants thereof. After I have writ-
ten I will leave God tojuåge between you

ðoo

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

and me and also to make judges of you,
whetner you will receiTe my minil!try in
your land in peace, yea or nay. Ye are
great indeed. I cannot hplp that, neithel" do
I want to, bu t am wl11in
ye should remain
great in the sight of God, although I am
but small in the thmgs, Iheleot. Now choose
","'hether I should or,might be your servant
m tbese thll1gs, yea or nay. As I think it
would be a shame to
a minister to be ban..
ished from your nation by preaching the
gospel of peace therein. 1 am a man under
the yisitation of God's power in your land
and maoy scandalous reports are in circula-
tion against me. The intent or the spirit of
the t
;\ng is to put me to ßlgot from your
domlnioûs or that I shouB be imprisoned
thereiu. For which Came I as a dut.ful sub-
ject make myself Known hereby unto you of
great estate in tbe world lest your minds
should be affected and stined up against me
without a caUS9 by your mferiors, who sf"ek
to do evil to the works of God whenever the
Almighty is trying to do yon
ooò.
In some vers
s of the same date as this
address to the home au
horities ia 1815, he
refers to the peril he supposeå himself to be
jn. A few stanzas willsuffic'" as a specimen
of his paetical productions. Thus he sing!! :
The powers of hen are now combined
With war against me rage.
But
n my God my soul's resigned
'roo rock of every age.
Gome then doth sit in King's estate
Aud some or: earth must flerve
And <lome hath
old and silver plate
When others almost starve.

The earth doth hunger for my blood
And Satan ior my SOUl,
And men my flesh for daily food
'l'hat they may me control.
If God doth give what I receive
The same id ò.ue to thee,
.And thou in spirit must beheve
1n g-ospelJiberty.
It's a]so mine by Georl1;e our King
'l'he ruler of my da.J,
And yet if I dif>honour briug'
Cut short my feeble stay

For this is in your hearta to do
Ye inferiors ot the eat't,h.
Ann it's in mine to do flO too,
And stop that cursed birth.
The style ot a volume styled .. Impres-
sions," a kind of Alcoran, which used to be
sold to visitors in the Temple. does not rise
much above the fo
egoing either in its verse
or prose.
In .. Can1{da as it Was, Is, and May Be,"
Captain Bonnycastle thus 8p
aks of D:..vid
Willson: At a short distance from New M
mark
t, which is about three miJes to the
rignt of Y onge strtet near ita termination at

the Holland L!l.ndin't on a river of that
name', running into Lak", Simcoe, is a settle-
ment of religions enthusiasts who have
chosen the most fertile part of Upper Cana"
da, th
country near and for miles round
N ewmarket for the seat of their earthly ta..
bernacle. Here numbers of deluàed people
have placed themselves under the temporal
and spiri ual charge of a high priest, who
calls himself David. His real name is David
\V1ÌIson. The Temple; as the building ap-
propriated to the celebration of their rites is
calleå, is served by this ma.n who affects a.
primitive dress and has a train ot vir
in
mmistrants clothed in white. HJ travels
about occaslOnally to preach at towns ana
villages in a waggon followed by others,
covered with white tick..clothes. but what
his peculiar tenets are beyond that oí danc..
ing and singin
and imitating D,lvid, the
Kinl!, I really cannot tell, for it is alto-
gether too farcical to last long, bu'
Ir.
David seems to understand clear y as far an
ti,e temporal COlJcerns of his mfa'ua7ed fol-
lowers go that the old-fashioned signification
oi meum and tuum are re iglOusly centered in
his own sanctum.
The followm
notice of the (;hildren of
Peace occurs in Patrick Swift's Almanac for
1834-This Societv numbers about 28('
mem bers in HODe, ë'ast of N ewmarket. They
have also stated places of preaching at the
Old Court House, York, on Y ong' strept and
at Markham. Theirprincipal speaker is David
Willson, assisted by Murdoch McLeod, Sam,
uel Hughes and others. Thp.ir mUSIC, vocal
and instrumental, is excellent, and their
preachers seek no pay from the Governor
out cf the taxes.
On ?'eek days, Wdlson was often to be
seen like I'ny other industrlOus yeoman,
driving into town his own wag
on, loaòed
with the produce of his own farm, dre!\sed in
home-spun as the Co borel-fo:k" of Y onge
street gener
lly were. In the axis of one
eye tht're was a sligilt divergency.
Willson neither won martyrdom nor suf-
fereel exile, but lived on m great wo1'ldly
prosperIty in Sharon, reverenced by his ad..
berents as a 80rt of oracle and ß
ttered by

ttel1tions from successh.e pOlitical leaders
on ar:cùunt of the influence which he might
he sUJ)J>osed locally to possess, down to the
year 18ôö, when he died
-àged 89..---- . -

CHAPTER CCX.
UPPERYONGESTREE

Th.. .tPPI'"ranre o' the Gr..t Northl'rll Road
''fltb Sketchf'1I or Itll t:"rly IlihabUalil"
From Bond'" La...e 10 Ibf'Hollalid Lalldl...
For the followinK chaptl'r Jd1cripti\'e (f
Y onie street and its early residents from

LANDMARKS OF TORO
l'O.

691

Bond's Lake to the Bolland Landin
, we
are indebted to the Rev. Dr. Scaddmg who
bas made t-xhaustive inquiries mto t he early
history of Yonge street trom the Bay to i1s
upper extremity.
After lea viI:g Bond's Lake. we now speed-
Üy passed Drynoch. ly, ng off to the left on
elevateð land, the abode {If Capt. Martin
McLeod, formerly ot tr.e Isle of Skye. The
famIly and dom. stic group, syst
matized on
a large scale at Dlynoch hel"e, was a Cana-
dian reproduction of a chit,f ain's household.
Capt. McLeod was a Scot of the Nurse
VikingLr type or robust, manly frarrie, of
noble, frank and tender spirit, an O:ssianist,
too, and in the Scandinavian direction, a
philologist. Sir \Yalter Scott would have
made a sLUciyofCap1i. McLeod and may have
done so. He was one of elgnt brothe:-s,
who all he1d commissions in the armv. HIs
own mihtary lite extelJded fnm Ì808 to
1832, As an officer !oucc
ssivelv of the 27th
79th :.mà the 25tb regiment... he
saw much ac'ive sen'ice. He acconlpanied
the force sent oyer to this continent in the
warofl812-13,It wasthen thati1f' for thefi st
time saw the land which was to le his final
home, He was present lik
wise at the af-
fair at Plattsburg and also at the attack on
New Orleans. He aiterwards too
part in
the Peniusular war and rf'ceIvf'd a
medal" ith tour clasps forToulou8e, Orthes,
Nive and Nivelle. He missed \Vaterloo,
unrortunate.y, as he usetl to say, but he was
present wit.h the allied troops in Paris dur-
ing the occupation of that City in 1815 Of
the 25 h regimtmt, be was for many YMrs
adjutant and tLen paymaster. Three (Jf his
uncles. w :re s;:'eneral officers.
It is 1I0t inappropriate to add that the
Major McLeod who received the honour of
a companionship in the Order orSt. 1Lchael
and Sr. George for distingUIshed serVICes in
the Red RIver expedition oi 1870, was a son
of Captain McLeod of Drynoch. That in
and about the Canadian Drynoch, Gaelic
ah,ould be familiarly heard was in b.t:eping
wIth the general character oi the plac '.
The, ancient Celtic tongue was in íact a ne..
cesslty, as among the dependents of the
house, th
re were always Borne who had
never ledrued the En"lish language. Dry-
noch was the name of the old bomein Skye.
The Skye DrynoCh was :m unfenced, hilly,
pasture fa"m of about ten miles in extent,
yieldin
uut riment to h
rds oi wi d cattle
and !lOme 8,000 sheep. 'Vlthin its limits, a
lake, Loch I3rúckadale, is still the haunt of
the otter, which is huntf'd by the aid of the
famous terriers of the island, a mountam
.tream abounds with salmon and trout
while the heather and b:-acken of the slopes
shelter grouse and other game.

Whittaker in his Ie History of Wha ley"
quoted by Ha.llam in his Ie Middle A
f'8,"
åesclibes the aspect 1Vhich as he EUpposes
a certain portion of England pri'Sell ted to
the eye as seen from the op of Pendle Hill
in Yorkshire in the Saxon times. Th.' pic..
ture whICh he draws. we in CalJada can
re'l.lize WI th great perfectness. ,. Cou d a
curious observer of tht present day, "he says,
.. ()àrry h,mself nine or ten centurJes back
and ranging the summit of Pendle survey,
the forked vale of Calder on one side and
the bOldel' margins of R
bble and Hodder
on the other, iusread or populou9 tOW\1S and
Yil1ages the castle8, the old towe!' huilt
honse. the elt.gant modern mallsion, the ar-
tificial plantatIOn, the enc osed park and
pleõli!Ure gn ulld instead of unintt-rrupted
f'nclOSures which have d: iven sterilitv al-
mo"t to the summIt of the fells, how -great
then must have bt-'en the coulrasr when
ranging either at a dlstanct' or immc"diately
beneath hi!!l eye must have caught vast
1rac,s of forest grounri stagnatmg wirh bo

or darken. d by naiÏve woods where thewiid
ox, the roe, the stag and the wolf had
scarcely learned the supremacy of man,
whl'n directing his VIew to the intermedIate
spaces, to tile wideninlZ of th
vall ys orex-
panse of plains beneath hI' could only have
distinguished a few insulat
'd p:ltches of cul-
ture each encircling a villag!" of wretche1
cabms amon
which \\ ould still be rem1.rk
J.
one mansion of wood scarcely equal in
(.r'1'Y\fo"'
to R nl0 l pro p .tt rT . ;
_
in
proudly eminent above the rest wnere
the Saxon lord surrouuded bv his faIthful
cotarii, elljoved a rude and' solitary i:1de-
p.'nd
'.nce baYing no superior but his Bover-
e!{TII.
This writer a"ks us to carry ourse1ves
nine or ten centuries back to realize the pic-
ture which he has conceived. }i'rom the
up:and here in the vicinity of Dryuo('h, less
tllan half a century ago, J{az:ng southwards
over the ('xp,lllse theuce to be commanded,
we should hd.v<, beheld a scene closelv reo
6pmhling that which as ne supþosed was
seen from the summit of Penùlcin the Saxon
day'!, while at the prt'sent day Wl'see every..
where tilfoughou the slime expanse an ap-
vroximation to the old IT.other lands En{!..
iand, Scotland and Ireland in condition a
d
appearance ill its style of agricultur
andthe
character of its towns, villages, hamlets,
farm houses and country vilhs !
\Ve now enter a region once occupied
by a number of French military refugt'es.
Duriug the re,"olution in France at the close
of the last century many of the devoh'es of
the royal cause passed over in'o England
where. as elßewhpre they were known and
1!Ip,- ken of as Emigres. Amongst them were

692

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

numerous officers of the regulal army all of
them, of course, of the noblesse order or else,
a. the inherited rule was, no commission in
the King's service could haTe been theirs.
When now the royal cause becamedespel'ate
and they had scffered the loss of all their
worldly goods the British Goyernment of
the day in its sympathy for the monarchical
cause in France ofler
d them grants of land
in the newly or
aniz[d Province of Upper
Canada.
Some of them availed themselves of the

fmerosity of the British Crown. Having
been comrades in arms they desired to oc'
cupy a block ot conti
uous lots. Whilst
there was yet almost aU Western Canada to
choose trom by some chance these Oak
Ridges, especiaUy difficult to bring under
cultivation and some,,.hat sterile, when sub-
dued were preferred, partly perhaps throuih
the influence of sentiment, they may have
di;;cortJred some resemblance to regions fa-
miliar to themselves in their natiye land,
0:.- in a mood inspired and made fashIOnable
by Rousseau, they may have longed for a
lodge in some yast wilderness where the
mortal coil which had descenderl upon the old
society of Europe should no long' r haral:!s
them, When twit'ed by the passing way-
farer who had selected land in a more pm-
pitious situation th3Y would point to the
gigantic bole!! of the surrounding pmes in
proof of the intrinsic excellence of the soil
below which must be good. they said. to
nourish such a vegetation.
After all, however, this particular locality
may h
ve been selected rather for them than
by them. On the early map ofl798, a range
of nine lots on each side of Y onge street,
just here in the Rid
es is bracketed and
marked .. French Royalists by order of his
Honour"i, eo the Prf'sldent, Peter Russell. A
postsc.ipt to the Gazetteer of 1799 gives the
reader the inlormation that" lauds have
Deen app:opriated in the rear of York as a
refuge for some FrE:nch Royalists, and theIr
set
lement has commenced,"
On the Vaugban side, No. 56, was occu-
pied conjointJy by Michel
ai,e:eon and
Francis Reneoux. No. 57. by JulIen de Bugle,
No. 58 by R 'ni Aug Comte Ie Chalus, Am-
boisp de F,Lrcy and QueLton St. George con.
jointly, No. 59 by Queiton St, George, No.
60 b,} Jean Louis VIComte des Cba us. In
KiDg, No, 61 by R
nl Aug Comte de Chalus
and Augustine Boiton conjointly. On the
Markham side, No. 52 is occupIed by the
Comte de Puiðaye. No. 53 by Reui Aug
II Comte dt' Ch..dus, No. 54 bv Jean Louis Vi-
comte de lìhalu8 and Run( Aug Comte de
Cha.ius. conjomtly, No. 55 by Jean Louil'
Vicomte de Chalus, No, 66 by la Chevalier
de Marsenil and Michael F anchard conJoint-

ly, No. 57 by theChenlier de Marseuil, No.
58 by Reni Letour.neaux, Augusmne Boiton
aDd J. L. Vicomte de Chalu8 conjointly,
No, 59 by Quetton St. George and Jean
Furon conjointly, No. 60 by Amboise de
Farcy. In Whitchurch, No. 61 by Mïchel
Saigeon.
After fellin
tbe tr
el in a few acres of
their respective allotments some of these
Emigr
8 withdrew from the country, Hence
in tüe Ridges was to be leen here an(l there
the rather unusual sight of abandoned clear.
ings retnrning t:> a state of nature.
James Strachan, tho brother of Bishop
Strachan, wh,) visited York in 1819, de-
cribes the process of obtaining grants of
lanà. He saYil that the emigrant coming to
York reports at the Lieutenant,Goyernor'ø
office and shows that he has come from some
part of the United Kingdom and can by the
En
li!!h laws bold iand. He then takers the
oath of alle,e:lance and makes a petition for a
certain amount of the waste lands of the
Crown. He is then referred totbeSurveyor
General to see If any person has ever been
granted the lands applied for. If not the
petitIOn is read to the Council anà the Lieu-
tenant...Governor is recommended to grant
tne prayer of the petitioner for lOe, 200
and
n some cases 400 and 600 and even 1200
acres. The lands are granted on condition
that they cannot be disposed of for three
years, and that five acres on each oue hun-
dred aerp. granted must be cleared and also
half the roaùwav in front of the same must
be cleared betorè the deed is issut'd, Mr.
Strachan thf'n "ive!! the fees whi
h must be
paid to the Gov, rnment for
ranr8 rallglD

from 100 to 1200 acres. These are as fol_
lows: 100 acres, ;E5 14s, Id.; 200 acres,
;EI6 17s, 6d. ; 300 acres, ;E24 ll". 7d. ; 400
acres. ;E3258. 8el. ; 500 acres, ;E39 19s. 9d. ;
600 acr'es, ;E47 18s. lOr!. ; 700 ac es, ;E5517s.
lId. ; 800 acres, ;E632s, ; 900 BC e
, ;E70
16!'1. : 1,000 acres, %'78 lOs, 2d. ; 1,100 aCi-es.
;E86 -4:s. 3d. ; 1,200 acres, %'93 18!!. 4d.
Th,. officers styled Cornte and VlComte de
Chalus deriverl their tItle from the domain
And ca'3l1e of Chalus in Normandv associated
in the minds of readers
f Engliah
histury with the death of Richarrl Cæur de
Lion. Jean Louis de Chalus whose n
me
appears on numbers 54: and 55. Markham,
and on other lots, was a Major Generahn the
Royal Army of Brittany. At the halls

'lVen by the Governor and oth, rs at York,
the jewels of Madame la Comtesse creat
d a
great ijensat
Oll, wholly surpas
íng every-
thing of the kind that had hitherto been
seen by the ladies of Cpper Canada. Am-
boil'e de Farcy of No. 58, 10 Vaughan, and
No. 60 in
Iarkham, had also the rank of
GeLeraI. A\1gustin Boiton of No. 48 in

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

693

Markham, and No. 61 in Vaughan, was a
Lieu tenan t-Colonel.
The Comte de Puisaye of N(I. 52 in Mark..
ham, figures conspicuously ill the contem..
poraryaccounts of the Royalist strug
le
against the Convention. He, himself. pub-
lished in London in 1803, five octavo Tol

umes of memOIrs. justifications of his pro-
ceedings in that contest. Carlyle in bis
"French .Reyolution" speaks of de Puisaye's
work and referrin
to the so-called Calva-
dos war says that those who are curious in
such matters may read thereIn .. how our
Gerondin National forces, i. e.. the Moder-
ates marching off with plenty of wind music
were drawn out about the old chateau of
Brecourt in the wood country near Vernon
(in Brittany) to meet the Mountain .Nation-
al forces (thp, Communist) advancing from
Paris. How on the fifteenth afternoon of
July, 1793, they did meet I and as it were
shrieked mutually and took mutual!y to
flighû without loss. How Puis aye there-
after-for the Mountain Nationals fled first
and we thought our8E'lves the victors-was
ronsed from his warm bed in the Castle of
Brecourt and had to gallop without boots.
our Nationals in the night watches having
fallen unexpectedly into 8auve qui peut."
Carlyle aUudes again tothisIDIsadvenmre
when approaching the subject of the Quiberon
expedition two years later toward the close
of La Vendere war. Affecting for the
moment a prophetic tone in his peculiar way
Carlyle proceeds thus introduclDlZ at the
close of llÌs sketch de Puisaye once more.
who was in command of the iuvadmg force
spoken of although not undividedly so. "In
the month of July, 1795, English ships." be
says, .. will ride in Quiberon roaòs, There
will be debarkation Of chivalrous ci-devants
(i. e. ex-noblesse) of volunteer prisoners of
war, eager to desert, of firearms proclama-
tions. clothes chests, royalist and specie.
Whereupon a1:::0 on the Republicanside there
will be rapid stand to armS wi
h ambuscade
marchings by Quiberon beach at midm
ht,
stormmg of :F-ort Pt:ntbieon. War thunder
mingling with the war of the mighty main
and such a morning ligbt as has seldom
d:loWlled. deba.rk&tion haded back: into its
boats or into the devouIÍug billows with
wreck and wail; in one word a ci.de'/,'ant
Puisaye as totally ineffectual here as he was
at Cal vados, when he rode from Vernon
Cast]e wi thout boots."
Tt.le impression which Carlyle gives of
M. de Puii!aye, is not greatly better6d by
what M. de Lamartine says of hIm in the
..
lst?ry of the
ero
dists" when speaking
of hlm m connectIon wIth the affair near the
Chateau of Breco
rt. He ia then ranked
with adventurers rather than beroes. "Thill

man." de Lamartine says, .. was at once aa
orator. a. dIplomatist and a soldier-a. char-
acter eminently adapted for civil war which
produces more adventurers than heroes.

De Lamartine describes how prior to the re-
puÌse at Chateau Brecourt. a'M. de Puisaye
had passed a whole year concealed in a
cavern in the midst of the forest;! of Brit-
tany, where by his manæuvres and corres-
pondence he kindled the fire of revolt
against the RepuiJlic." He professed to act
in the interests of the Moderates, believing
that through his il!fluence they we-uld at last
be induced to espouse heartily the Cause oi
cODstitutional royalty.
Thiera in his .. History of the French
Revolution." speaks in respectful t
rms of
Puisaye. Be says that " wIth great intelli-
gence and extraordinary skill in uniting tho
elements of a plJrty he combinedextremeac-
tivity of mind and vast ambition" and even
after Quiberon. Thiers says "it was certain
that Puisave had done aU that lay in bifll
power." De Puisaye ended his days in
England in the neighbourhood of London in
1827. In one of the letters of Mr. Surveyor
Jones, we observe some oj the Improvements
of the Oak Ridges spoken of as ., Puisaye's
Town, "
It i3 p08sibly to the settlement thus only
in contemplation of emigres here in the Oak
Ridges of Y onge street that Burke alludes.
when in hi
Refiedions on the French Revo.
lution he says: .. I hear that there are con-
side: able emigrations from FI ance, and 1ihat
ma
y quitting that volup, uous clIma.te and
that sedu::1iiye Circean liberty have taken
refuge in the frozan rej;{ions anà under the
British despotism of Canada."
Th'J frozen regions of Can
ùa. the great
rhetoricIans expression in this pi ace, hås be-
come a ster'Jotyped phrase with dec1aimertl.
The reports of the first settlers 9.t Tadousac
and Quebec made an indelible imJ}l"essiou on
the European mind. To this daÿ in trans-
Atiantic communities it is realized only to a
lImited extent tbat Canada has a spril!g,
summer and autumn, as well as a winter,
anù that her skies wear an aspect not al-
ways gloomy and mhospitable. British des-
poti
m is of course ironicalIy said andmeanø
in reality British constItutional freedom.
In some instances these Royalist officers ap.
peal' to ba.ve accepted commissions from the
British Crown 2.nd so to aave become nomi"
nally eùtltled to grants of land.
There are some representatives of the ori-
ginal emigres still to be met with in the
neighbourhûod of the Oak Ride;es, but they
have not in every instance continued to be
seized of the lands granted in 1798. The
COm1p. de Cnnlus, Bon of Reni Augustin. re-

9'

LANDMARKS OF TORONTOo

tains property here but he lives in Mon-
treal.
An esta.te, however, at the distance of one
lot eastward from Y onge street tn "
hit-
church i9 yet in the actual occupation of a
direct descendant of one of the first settll'rs
in this loegion. Mr. Henry Quetton St.
George here engaged with enel gy in the
various operations of a practical farmer on
land inherIted immediately from his father,
the Chevalier de St. George at the same
time dispensing to his many friends a re-
fined hospitality. If at Glenlonely the cir-
cular turrets anå pointed roofs of the old
French chateau are not to be !!Ieen, what
is of greater impo::tance thE' amenities and
t{entle life of the old French chateau are to
be fouLd.
A large group of superior farm buildings
formerly seen on the ri
ht just after the
turn which leads to Glenlonelv, bore tc.e
graceful name of Larchmere, an "appellation

lancing at t
le mere or little lake wit
in
view of tbe windows of the house, a sheet of
water more generally known as Lake WIll-
cock'!, so called from an early owner of the
spot, Col. Willcocks, Larchmere was ior
sometime the house of his great grandson,
William \Villcocks Baldwin. The house
ha
since b:?en destroyed by fire.
Just ben a.th the surface of the soil on the
!>ordeJ"s of the lakelets of the Ridges, was
ea.rly noticed a plenti1ul deposit of white
shell marl. resembling the substance brou
ht
up from tbe oozy floor of the .A.tlantic in the
sonJJdings pl'eparatory to laying the tele..

raph cabie. It was ilL fact incipient chalk.
It used to be employed in the composition
of a whitewash for walls and fences. In
these quarters as elsewhPre in Canada fine
-specimens of the antlers of the Wapiti or
great American stag were occasionally dug
up.
The summit leyel of the Ridges was noW
reached. the most e1evateò land 1D this part
of the basin of the St. Lawrence, a hei
ht,
however, aite;:- all of only about eight hun-
dred feet above th2 level of the sea. T"le
attentIOn of the wayfarer was hereabout
always directed to a small stream which
the road crossed flowing out of L3.ke \Vill-
zoe.ks, and then a short distance further on,
be was desired to notice a slight swale or
shallow morass on the left. The stream in
qUEstion he was told was the infant Hum..
ber jnst starting south for Lake Ontario.
...hile the swale or morass he was assured
was a feeder of the eastern branch of the
Holland Ri,-er, flowin
north into Lake
Simcoe.
Notwithstanding the comparative near-
Dess to each other of the waters of the Hol..
land and Humber thus made visible to the

eye, the earliest 'Project of a cana.l in these
parts was for the connection, net of the
Holland River and the Hum'ber, but of the
Holland River and the Rouge or New. The
Miøsissaga Indians attached great impor-
tance to the Rouge and itll valley as a link
in one tlf their ancient trails bet''feen Huron
and Ontario, and they seem to have i
part.
ed to the first white men their own nt>tiðD8
on the subj,'ct, .. It apparentiy rises,"
says the Gazetteer of 1799, speakill
of the
R011
e or New. II in the vicInity of one of
the branchcs of Holland's river with wnich
it w1l1 probably at Borne futnrE' nerlOd be
connecteà by a canal." A propoBed canal
is accordingly here marked on one of the
first manuscript maps of Upper Canada.
Fa: her 8t, Lawrence and Fat
er Missis.-
sippi pour theIr streams, so travellers assure
us, irom urns situated at no great distance
apart. Lake Itaska and its vicinity just
west of Lake Superior possess a charm for
this reason. In like manner to compare
small things with great, the parric
la.r quar-
ter of the Ridges w hen the waten of the
Humber and the Holland used to be seen in
near proximity to each other had alwaY!!I a
s'Pecia.1 Interest. Two small lakes call!!d re-
spectively Lake Sproxton
nd Lake Simon,
Important ieeders of the Rouge. a httle to
the east of the Glenlonely property, a.re
situated Tery close to the streams that pa88
into th
east branch of the Holland River,
so that the conjecture of the author of. the
Gazetteer was a good one. He says, appa-
rently the sources (if the Rouge and Holland
lie nea.r each other.
After passing the notable locality of the
Ridge'! just spoken of; the land bpgan per-
ceptibly to decline and soon emergIng from
the confused
lens and hillocks anå woods
th
t had lon
on every side been hedginE{
in the view we sudden Iv came out upon a
brow where a wide prospect was obtained
stretching far to the north and far to tire
east and west. From such an elevation the
acres here amI. there, denuded of their
woods by the solitary axemen could not be
distin
uished, RCcordingly, the panorama
presented here for many a year continued æ
be exactiy that whi::h met the eyes of the
first exploring part)' from York: III 1793.
As we used to see it, it seemed in eiTee't
to be an unbroken forest in the fort'ground
bold and blllowv, and of every varit:ty of
green, in the middle distance assuming neu-
tral, indistinct tints, as it dlppeå down into
what looked like a wide vale there, appa-
rentlv rising by súccessive, gentle øta2e9,
colou-red now deep violet, now a tender blue
up to the line of the sky. In a depression
in the far horizon immediately in front was
to be seen the silvery Bneen of water.

LANDMARKS OF TORON'l'O,

695

This of course, was the lake known since
1793' as L'lke Simcoe, but previously spoken
of by the French sometimes as Lake Smi
n
or Sheniong, 8om8tilDlB as L1ke OuentlfoIlK,
Ouentaron an:l TOl'Oll.to, the very name
wh:ch is so familiar to us now as
appert!l.ining to a locality thirty miles south.
ward of this lake..
The French alao in their own tongue
sometimes de
a.kd it, pelhaps for some
reason conueØed W'Ïlh ftabing operations,
Lac a'Ux Claies, I1_41.e Lake. Tnus in the
Gazetteer ot 1799, we have .. Simcoe Lake,
formerly Lake aux Claies. Ouentironk, Sh....
niong, situated b:Jtween York and Gloucester
upon Lake Huron, it has a few amall islands
anJ st'veral ({ood harbours." And again on
another page of the same Gazetteer we have
th.e article" Toronto Lake (or Toronto) lake
1a Clie (i. e. Lac aux Claies), was formerly
so called by some others, the same article
proceedi to say called the chain of lakes
nom the vicinity ot Matchedash towards
the head of the Bay of Quinte, the Toronto
lakes and the comman:catlOn from the one
to the other was called the Toronto River,"
wlulst in another place ill the Gazetteer we
have the mformation gIven us that the Hum-
ber waS also styled the Toronto Rn"t-r, thus
.. Toronto River called by some St. JohLt's,
now called the HUD.ber."
The regions of WhICh we here obtained a
kind of pi sgah view on the northern brow
of the Ridgt:s is a c'assic one, renowned in
the:: history of the 'Vyandots or Hurons and
in the early Fren
h missiol1ary annals.
Francis Parkman in an agreeably writ. en
work entit
ed "Too JesUIts in North
America in th.e Seventeenth Century" has
dwelt somewhat at ler.gth on the history of
this 10call1Y which is the well peopled To-
ronto region, lieu ou il ya beaucoup de [lens.
In the early repons of the JesUIt fatlietS
themselves this area figures lasgely. They
in fact con"itructed a map which must have
led the central mission board of their asso

ciation at Rom!;; to bèlie,'e that thig portion
oi \Vestern Canada was as thick Iv strewn
wIth vulages r.nd towns as a distri;t of equal
area, in ,o
d France. In the ., Chorographia
ReglOD\s Huro...mm" attachcd t(, Father du
Creux's Map of Ncw France ot the åate,
16GO, given:n BressaUl's "Abridgement of
" The R,'lations," we have the tolJOWlllg
p
aces conspIcuously marked as sbtiuns or
sub-missions in the peninsula. bound
d by
Notawasaga Bay, Matchedash or S ur(!eon .
Bay, the Rive:'- S
vern, Lak
Couchiching
an
Lake Simcoe. implYll1g population in
ana fuund each of them, :St. XavIer, St.
Charles, St, L'mls. St. Ignatius, St. D ,.(lis.
St. Joaclllln, St. Athanm!lus, St. E!izab .th,
St. John the B.lptist, S
. Joscph, St. M,lI'y,

S
. Michael, La CODception, St. Mary Mag

dalene acd others.
In Schoolcraft's American Indians, the
scene of the story of Aingodon and Nay.
wadh!l is laid at Toronto by which a "pot
near Lake Simco.. seems to be meant and
not 1;he trading post of 'I()ron
o on Lake
Ontario.
The farmhouses and their surrounàings in
the Quaker settlement through which after
desceu<iing from the Ridges on the northern
sidE', "e passed, came to be notable at an
eariy date for a charac
eri'iltic neatness,
completeness and visible judi::iousness and
foi' an a.ir
f enviable gtneral comfort and
prosperity. The brmers here were emi..
grants chiefly from Pennsyh'ania. Coming
from a qU!l.rter where lan
t' tracts bad rapid

ly been transfOlmed by human tOll from a
state of nature to a c..,nditiou of hi
h culti-
vation they brought with them an inherited
t:'xperience in regard to such matters and on
planting themselves down in the midst of
anch a wild, they regarded the situ
tion
with more intelligence perhaps than the or-
dinary emigrant. fr(Jm the British Island.
and intel"Íor cf Germany, and so unretal'ded
by blunàers
UJd doubts as to thp issue were
enabled very speted:ly to turn their industry
to profitable accoun:.
The old Gazetteer of li99 speaks in au ex-
alted scn imental strain o
an t'mign\tion
then
oing on from th
united States into
Canada .. Th) loyal pt:'a
ant," it says,
.. sighing after the government he lost by
the lat" revolution, travels from Pcnusyl'
vania in search of his former iaws ancì. pro'
tectioD and having his expectatIOns iu fided
by new marks of favour from the Crowll in
a grant oi lands, he turns his p:ough at
once into these iertile plains- thP. imme-
dIate r
ierence is to the neighbourhood of
\Vooahouse on Lake Erie-;,nd an abun..
dant crop reminds him ot his gratitude to
bis God and to his Kmg. .J
It, IS not quite cenam whether the Quaker
sl"ttl
rs of the region Horth of the RIdges
came fnto --Canada uÏ:ider the influence of
feelin!:{s exactly such as those describe I by
the Gazetteer of 1799. In 1806, however

we fiud them coming forward in a body 'to
cOll(Yramlate a n
w Lieutenant-Governor on
his '
rrival in Upper Canada. In the Ga-
zettc (.f O'Jt. 4, 1806, we read :- ,ç On Tues-
day, the 30th S[ptlmb"'r, 1806, the follow-
ing address trom the Quake.'s resjdjn
on
Yònge street was prest:'nted to hIs Excel-
lency the L;eutenant-Goveruor, The So-
ciety of the p .ople c,dlf'd QuaKers, to Fran..
cis Go.'t', Govern
r of Upper LJa.nad3, send-
eth
ret:tin!!. l'IotwithstaLding. we are a
puople, whO-hold iorth to the world a pl'Ìn-
cip:e which JD many respects differs f
'om

69ti

LANDMARKS OF TOuONTO.

the greater part of mankind, yet we believe
it our reasonable duty as saith the Apostle:
· Submit yourselves unto eyery ordinance
of man for the Lord'lS sake; whether it be
the king as supreme, or unto governors as
unt-o them that are sent by hIm for the pun-
ishment of evil doers and for the praise of
them that do well;' in this we hope to be
his bumble and peaceinlsubjects. Although
we cannot for conscience sake juin with
many of Our fellow,mortals in complimen-
tal V customs of man. neither in taking up
the sword to shed human blood for the
Scripture saitb that' it is righteousness that
cxaJteth a nation, but sin is a reproach to
;mv people,' we Ïeel concerned for thy wel-
fare and the prosperity oi the Province,
hoping thy admlDIstration may be such as
to be a terror to the evil. minded and a
pleasure to them that do well; then will the
þl'oyince flourish and prosper under thy di

rection, wbicÌ1 is the earnest desire and
prayer of thy smcere friends-R
ad and ap-
proyed in Y onge street monthly meeting.
hdd the 18th day ef the 9th month, 1806,
Timothy Rogers and Amos Armitage are ap.
pointed to attend on the Governor there.
WIth. Signed by c.rder of the same meet

ing. Nathaniel Pearson, clerk."
To this address, characteristic alike in the
p
culiar syntax of i-u st:ntences and in the
well meant platitudes to which it gives ex-
pression, his Exceliency was pleased to re

turn the following answer: .. I retu:'n yon
my tilanks for your dutiful address and for
yeur good wishes for my welfare and pr08

perity ot this Province. I haye no doubt of
your proTing peac,'ful and good subjects to
his Majesty as well as indust!'ious and re-
.pectable members of soci
ty. I shall at all
times be J-Iappy to afford to such persons my
countenance and support. F'l'anCls Gore,
lieut.'
overnor. Government House,
York, Upp
r Canada, 30th Sf'pt., 1806."
The TImothy Rogers here named, bore a
leading part in the first establu.hment of the
Quaker settltment. He and Jacob Lundy
were the two ori
inal managers of itsatfairs.
011 the arrival of Governor Peter Hnntf3r,
predecesso
to Governor Gort::. Timothy Ro-

ers and Jacob Lundy with a deputation
irom the settlement came into town to com-
plain to hIm of the delay which tbey and
th&ir co-rehgionists had experiellc
d in ob.
taining the patents for their lands.
Governor Hunter, who was also com-
mander..in,chief and a Lleut..General in the
army, received them in the Garrisor" and
after hearing how on coming to York on
former occasions they had be
n sent about
from one office to
nother for a rep y to
their inqniries abO\lt the patents, re-
quested them to come to him a
ain the next

day at noon. Orders were a t the same in-
stant despatched to Mr. D. W, Smith, the
Survevor
General, to Mr. Small, clerk of
the Executive Council. to Mr. Burns, clerk
of the Crown, and to Mr. Jarvis. Secretary
and Registrar of tbe Province, all of whom
it appeared at one time or another had fail-
ed to reply !atisfactorily to the Quakers. to
wait at the same hour on the Lieutenant-
Governor. bringing with them each respec..
tively such papers and memoranda as might
be in theIr possession, having r'3lation to pa-
te!lts for lands in Whitchurch and King.
GoTernor Hunter had a reputation for
considerable severitv of character and all
functionaries frotn the judge on the bench
to the humolest employe. held office in thoee
days velY literally during plea
ure.
.. These gentlemen complain"-the per-
sonages above enumerated havin
duly ap-
peared together with the deputation from
Y onge street. .. Thf'se gentlemen com-
plain, " the Governor said .. that they can-
not get their patents."
Each of the official personages present of.
fered in succession some indistinct obsen-a-
tions, expressive it would seem of a degree
of regret and blDting exculpatory reasOlls so
far as he mdividually was concerned. On
closer interrogation, ODe thing, however,
came out very clear, that the order for the
patents was more than twelve months old.
At length the onus of blame seemed to
settle down on the head of the Secretary
and R!'gistrar, Mr. Jarvis, ,,,ho could only
say that,roolly the pressure or business in
his office was so great that he had been ab..
solutely unable up to the present moment
to get ready tbe particular patents rderred
to.
" Sir I" waa the Governor's immediate
rejoinder. .. if they are not to\"thcomin

every onoiJ of them, and placed in the bands
of these gentlemen bere in my presence at
noon on Thursday next, It is now Tuesday,
by George, I'll un-Jarris you," Implyiu
a
sll.mmary con
e as Secretary and ReJ!istrar.
It is needless to say that Mr, :Rogersa.nd his
colleagues of tht' deputation carried back
with them to Wbitchuréh livelv account!j
of the Vlgour and rigour of the n
w Gover

nor, as well as their patents.
General Hunter was very peremptory in
his dismissals occasionally. In a Gazetú ot
July 16, 1803, is to be seen an ominous an"
nouucement that the l7overnor is goin
to
be very strict with the government clerks in
regard to hours: .. Lieut.-G'.>vernor's of-
fice. 21st July, 1803. Notice IS hereby
given tbat regular attendance for the trans-
action of the public bllsmess of the Peo..
vinca wÏlI in future he given at the office of
tbe Secretary of the Province, the Execu-

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO

tive Council Office and the Survevor..Gene-
ral's Office, every day in the ye
r. Sun-
days, Good Frida.y and Christmas Day only
excepted, fronl ten o'clock in the morning
until three in the afternoon and from five
o'clock in th8 afternoOll un
l .even in the
evening. By order of the Lieutenant.Gov

ern or. :ames Green, Secretary."

oon after the appearance of this notice,
it happened one forenoon, tI at young Alex-
ander Macnab, a clerk in one oi the public
offices, was innoceDtly wJ.tchin
the Gover-
nor's debarkation from a boat, preparatory
to hi. being conveyed up to the Council
ChAmber m a sedan chair which was in
waiting for him. TÌ1e youth suddenly
caught his Excellency's eye and was asked
" what business he had to be there! Did
he not belong to the Surveyor-General's Of.
fice! Sir! your services are no longer re..
quired. "
For this same young Macnab thus sum...
marily disrniesed, Governor Hunter pro-
cured subst:quently a commission. He at-
tained the rank of Captain and met a sol.
dier's fate OIl the field of Waterloo, the only
Upper Canadian known to have been en_
gaged or to have fallen in that famous bat-
tle. So late as 1868, Captain Macnab's
Waterloo medal was presented by the Duke
of Cambridge personally 1;0 the Rev. Dc.
Ma.cnab, of Bowmanville, nephew of the de-
ceased officer.
Two strong characteristic items relating
to Governor Hunter may here be snbjoined.
The following was his brief reply to the
Address of the Inhabitants of York on his
a.rrival there in 1799. "Gentlemen, nothing
that is in my power shall be wantil1g to con-
tribntø. to the happineee and welfare of thid
colony." At Niaga:-a an address from "the
mechanics and h.usbandmE'n" was rE'fused
by him on the ground that an address plO-
fel'lsedly from the inhabitants generally had
been presented alrf'ady. On this the Con.
8ltllaüon of Sept. 10, 1799, prints the fol..
lowmg anecdot
, which is It hit at Governor
Hunter. .. Anecãote - When Go
ernor
Simcoe arrived at Kingston on his way here
to take upon him the Government of the
Province, the magistrates and
entlemen of
t,hat town, presented him with a very po'
bte addre
. It was politely and verbally
al1sw'Jred. The inhahitants of the country
and town who move not in the upper cir-
cles presee ted theirs. Aud this also his
Excellency very politely answered and the
auswer being in writing is carefully pre-
tlery
d to thIs day,"
Amon
the patf'nts carrif'd home bv
Timothy Rog(:rs, above named were at leag-t
seven in which be was more o
less inter-
ested. His own lot was 95 on the west or

697

King side of Y onge Rtreet, Immediately In
front of him on tbe Whitchmch or east side
on lots 91, 9
, 93, 94, 95 an::l 96. ,all in a
row, were enjoyed by sons or near reIatiyes
of his bearin
the names respectiyely of
Rufus Rogers, Asa R02ers, Isaac Rogers,
Wing Rogers, J ames Ro
ers and Obadiah
ROiecs.
Mr. Lundy's name does not appear among
those of the original patentees, but lots or
portions of lots in the Quaker settlement
are marked at an early period with the
names of dhadrach Lundy, Oliver Lundy,
Jacob Lundy, Reuben Lundy and perhaps
more.
In the region just beyond th& Ridges,
there were farmers also of the community
known as Mennonistas or Tunkers. Long
beards when such appendages were rarities.
dangling hair ant,ique shaped, buttonless
home'spun cûats and wlde brimmed, low...
crowned hats, made these persons con-
spicuous in the street. On the seat of a
loaded conn try wall;J2;on, or on the back of a
solitary, rustic na
, would now and then be
sef'n a man of tilis community, who might
pass for John Huss or John a Lasco as repre-
sented in tLe victurea. It was always cu-
rious to
aZJ upon these waifs and strays
from old Holland, perpetuating, or at least
trying to perpetuate, on a new continent
customs and notions ori
inating in the pecu..
liar circnmstanc
s of obscure localities in
another hemisphere three hundred years
ago. Simon
enno, the founder and pro-
phet of the Mennonists. was a natiTe of
Fr'ealand in 1496. He advocated the ut-
most rigour of life. Although there are
modernized Mennonists now in Holland, at
Amsterdam for example, who are dlstin..
guished for iuxury in their tables, their
equipages and their country seate, yet a sub-
section of the community known as Uke 4
Wallists from one Uke \-Vallis, adhere to the
pnmitive stnctn,ess enjoined by Menno.
Their apparel, "'e are told, is mean b
.yond
expression, and they avoid everything that
has the most distant app'3arance ot elegance
or ornament. They let tneir beards grow
to an enormous length, their hair uncombed
lies in a disorderly manner on theIr shoul.
ders, their countenances are marked wlth
the strongest lines of dejection and melan..
choly, and their habitations and houdehoJd
fUl'Uiture are snch as are only fitted to an-
swer the demands of mere nécessity. "We
shall not enlarge," Mosheim adds .. upon
the Clrcnmstances of their ritu!i.l, but only
observe that tht.oy prevent all attempts to
alter or modify their religious discipline by
preservin
their people from everythin
that
bears thp. remotest aspect of learning and
soience from whatever ill a word that mav

698

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

have a tendency to enlighten theIr de,'out
ignorance." The sympathies of our pri

mitiye Tunkers beyond the Ridges were as
we may suppose with this section of the
fatherland MennoDIsts.
Though only a minute fragment of om'
populatIOn a.n eX
Eption was early made by
the local parliament in favour of the Men-
nonists, or Tunkers, allowing theM to make
affirmations in the courts, like the Quaker..;,
and to compounà for military service. Like
Lollard. Quaker and some other simila.r
terms, TUliker, i.e. Dipper, was probably at
first used in a spirit of ridicule.
Proceeding onward from where Ne\ymar-
ket cornell' in view on the right from Y ong

.tre
t. we saw almost immediately on tt,e
lett the conspicuous dweUIDC' of Mr. Irving
the Hon. Jacob Æmihus Irving, a name InlS-
torical in Canada, a Paulus Æmilius hving,
having been Commander-in,('hief of the
Forces in British Amerloa in 1765 and also
PresIdent for a time of the PrOYIDCe of Que..
bee. This Paulus Æmihus Irving had pre-
vious y taken part under General \V oUe in
the capture of Quebec.
The house of nis descendant, Jacob Æmi-
lius Irvmp-, here on Yonge street, was
known as Bor.shaw from 50me a.ncient fami.
ly property in Dumfrief'sÌ\lre. He had been
an officer in the 13.h Light Dragoons and
was wounded at \Vaterloo, In addition to
many strongly marked English traiTs of
character and physique, he possessed fine
literary t
tes and hldtriomc skin of a Illgh
OI'der. favoured by the pO'ðsession of a grand
baritone voice. He retained a pl'OiesslOnal
bking for horses. A four-in-hand guided
by hiIrUle f, issuing from tht:: gatcs at Bon-
shaw and whirlil g along Y onge street into
town was a common sigh
. He died
at the Falls of Niagara iu 1856 Since 1843,
ML. Iryin
ha:l be, n a member of the U ppcr
House of United Canada.
A little way back ere we descended the
northern slope of the Ridg-cs; we cauj?;ht
sight of tbe Hollanà River, or at leasli of
80mQ porti '11. of the bra.n
h of it with which
we are immediatelY concernerl, issuing a
Dew bora rill from one of its fountains.
As ,ve trav
rsed the Quaker settlement,
W'a.'3 :>ga.in seton a brook m_andering through
meadows. This was the eabtern branch of

be ri..er rneand. rIlli through meadows a
mere b"'ook. The maiu stream lies off to the
west, Howing past the m')dern Bradford and
Uoydtown. It 1.8 a
the bead of the main
str...am that the moat stri king I1pproxima-
ßf)n of the wa
rs of the Humber alid Hol-
land rivers IS to be seen.
We arrive now at the Upper Landing, the
ancient canoe landing. Here it was that
1;be war parties and hunting parties embark-

ed and disembarked while yet thes
'Iratere
were unploughed by the heavy boats of the
white man.
The Iroquois from the south side of Lake
Ontario penetrated the well, peopled region
of the Hurons by several routes, by the
great Bay of Quinte Highway, by .he trails
v-hose t. rmini on L
ke Ontario w
re near
respectively the mOllern Bowmanville and
Port Hope, and thirdly by a track which
we han virtually been following in this
our long ramble from York; virtually we
say, for it was to the west of Y onge street
that the trail ran following firsli the valley
of the Humbcr and then that of the maID
stream of the Holland riyer, Tne route
which Mr. Holland kok when he penetrat-
ed from Toronto Bav to the head waters of
the ri.-er, which now bears hIS nat,le is
marked in the JIrf'at M. S. map which he
constructed ID 1791. He passed up e"ident-
ly along the great water course of the
Humber.
" \- ou Can pass from Lake Frontenac,"
i. e, On.ario, Lahontan says "into Lake
Huron by the Ri\--er Tau-a-hon..ate (the
Humber) by a portag' of about twenty..four
mues to Lake Toronto, which bva river of
the same name ,"mp ies into Lake Huron,"
i. e. by the River S:;v
ru as we should now
speak.
Hunting parties or war parties taking to
the water here at the Upper Landing ID the
pre..hIstoric period wouLd probab:y be just
abou t to penetrate the almost insular dis-
trict of which we haye spoken westward of
Lake Snncoe-tht= Toronto region, the place
of concourse, the weU,.peopled rp
icn. But
!:':)me of thpm might perhaps be makjn
fur
the L1k, Huron
ol1ntry and North,wpst
gene:-ally by the establi.,hed trail having its
terminus at or near OrillIa, to use the
modern nam '.
In tnc days of the white man, the old In..
dian place of emba:-kation and debarkalion
on the HoIland River, acquired the name of
the U pp 'r..Canoe,Landing and hither tht:
smal er craft coutinued to proceed.
Vessels of deeper draught lay at the
Lower Landinry to which we now move on,
about a mile a
d a,half further down the
stream. Here the river was about twenty..
five yards wide, the banks low and bordcr-
ed by a woody marsh in which the tamarac,
or larch, was a comspicuous tree.
In a cleared space on the TIght at a point
wht're Y onge street struck the stream
there were sume long, low buildings of leg,
with strong shutters on the wind.ows, usual-
ly closed. These were the Government de..
positories of naval and military stores and
Indian presents on their way to P.,netau-
gnishene. The clus"er of buildin
s here

699

LAND:\lARKS OF TORO
TO.

was on
e known as Fort Gwillimbury. Thus
we have it written in the old Gazetteer of
1799, .. It is thirty mIles from York to Hol-
land River at the Pine Fort called GwiliIm.
bury. where the rOl\d ends."
Galt in his autobiography speaks of this
spot, He travelled from York to Newm:lr,
ket in one day. This was in 1827. Then
next morning he says, "we went forward to
a place on the Holland River called Hal,
land's Landing', an open space which the 10-
dians &nd fur traders were in the habit of
frequenting. It pres
nted to me something
of a Scottish aspect in the style of the cot..
tages. but instead of mountains the environs
were covered with trees. We embarked at
this place." He was on his way to Goderich
at the time via Penetanguishene.
The River Holland had its name from a
formpr Surveyor-General of the Province of
Quebec, prior to the settin
off of the Pro.
vince of Uppel" Canllda-:Major S. Holland.
In the UPFer Canada Gazette of Feb. 13,
1802, we have an obituary notice of this of-
ficial personage. His histury also it wiÏl b8
observed was mixed up wrth that of Gene-
ral WoIte. .. Died." the obituary says,
.. on the 28th instant-that is on the 28th
of December, 1801, the article bping copiLd
from the Quebec Gúzette at the 31st of the
preceding D.
camber-of a lingering illness,
which he bore for many yt;ars with Chris-
tian patience anù resignatlOn, :Majflr S. Hol-
land. He had been in hiil t1me an inuep;d,
achve, and mtelhgent ûfficer. never making
difficulties, however al'dllous, the duty he
was empìoy(,d in. He w
s an exccHem
field engineer. in which capacity he was em-
vloyed m the year 1758 at the siege oÎ
Louisboul'{
in the detachment of the army
under Gc:ner:ll \V olff>, who after silencing
the batteries that oppo!!led our entrance into
the harbour and hom his own settmg fire to
three ships of the lil1
and obliging the re-
mainder III a disabled state to h1ml out ot
(:arlDon shot that great officer by a rapid and
unexpected movement tonk post withm four
Ìlundred yards of the town from whence
Major Hoiland under his directions, carried
on the approachel:l, destroyed the dl-'fences
of
he town and m:\ri:iug a practicab]p. breach
obliged the eneIr..Y to capitula.te. He d1s-
tingU1shed himself also at the conquest of
Quebec III 1759. and was made honourable
mention of in Gen. 'V o!fe's wÜI as a l('ga-
tee. He also
hstingUished h1msclf 1U t!le
defence of Qupbec in 1760, !lfter General
Murny's unsuccessful attack on the enemv
After the peace, he W.\s appoill tl d
Surveyor-Genl-'ral of this proT'ince alld was
usefu Iy emp oyed in lurvcying tba Ameri

can coasts 1;rom whIch surYey thos
d rau!!hts
publ1l:
hcd some years since l;>y M:Jj
r De.

barres have been principaìly taken."
Major Holland was succeeded in the Sur.
veyor,Genera:ship of Lower Canada by a
nephew-th6 djsr;in
uished Colonel Joseph
Bouchette. In 1791, Major Ho,land con-
structed a map of the Bntish Province of
Quebec on the scale of six inches to tl:e
square mi1e. It e,Ústs in M. S. in the Crown
L:\nd's Office of Ontario It; IS a magnifi",
cer:..t m
p. On it Lake Simcoe is left unde-
fin! d on one sIde not havm
been explored
1U 1791.
It W!l.S in 1832. tbat the project of a
steamer for the Holland RiTer and Lake
Simcoe was mooted. 'Ve give a document
relatin
to this undertaking whIch we find
in the Courier of February 29th Of that year,
pubhshed at York. The names of those
who were willin" to embark, however mod.
eratelv in the enterprise, are of interest. It
will be ob.;\ervcd that the expedition con-
templated was not enormous. To modern
speculators in any direction what 30 baga-
telle seems t he sum at ;(2.000.
" S ream boa t on L:\ke Simcoe." thus runs
the advertist::m nt, " Persons who feel in.
terested in the saccess of this undertaking are
respectIvtdy informed that Capt. McKeuzie,
late of the A ciope, who I}as himselt of.
fered to subscribe one..tourth of the sum re

q mred to build the proposed 6teamboar, IS
llowat Buffalo ior the purpose of purchasing
an eng:ne to be deÏ1nred at Holland L1.nd..
mg dUling the present winter. Capt, Mc.
K"Dzie.. who visited Lak. > Simcoe la!'t sum-
mer, is of opinion that a bùat of suffiCient
size and power for the busilless of the lake,
can be built for æl,2JO. In order, however.
to insure success it is proposed that stock
to the amount of ;[2,000 should b' subscri})..
t'd aud it is hoped that this sum will be
raised without de

v in order that ttoe ne-
c>'ssary stt'ps may be taken on the return of
Capt. McK.enzie to commence building the
boat with the view to its completion by the
opening oi navi
ation. The shares are
twelve pounds, ten shJJhngs each, payable
to pE'rWn8 chosen by the stockholders. The
following shares have already neen taken
np! The Hop.. P
ter Robmson, 8 shares;
F. Hewson, 1; Edw. O'Brien 2: W, B.
Robiusol1,4 ; W. R. RÜn,s. 40; J, o. B0U

chier, 2, \Vm. Johnson, 2 ; Joh!1 Cummer.
1; T. Mm:sington, 2; A. M. R \iues. 1;
RJbert C,ark, 1 ; Rob..rt Johnston. 1 ; M.
MossÍllcton. 1; B. Jdfcrson. 1; J. M.
JJ.cksolJ, 1 ; R, O.iver, 1 , Wm. Turner, 2,
L. Cameron, 1 ; F. Osborn", 2 ; J. Graham.
1 ; J. White, 1 ; S. H. Fal'llilWOr-h, 1;
-\udrew Mitchel, 5 ; Murray Newbigging
& Co.. 2 ; Capt. Crel
h'on, 2 ; C.'p
aiu Mc.
Kenzie, 40 ; CJ.uada CC'mpany. 8; J. F.
SmIth, 2; .:r ohn Powell, 1 ; Gran t Po", ell.

100

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

2; A. Sma
iey, 1 i S'1.muel P. Jarvis, 1;
James E, Small 1, , R. W. Parker, 1; D.
Cameron, 1 ; Capt. Castle, 79th R
&{t., 8 i
James Doyle, 2, Francis Phelps, East
Gwillimbury, 1 i G. Lount, West Gwilhm-
bu:-y, 1 ; SmlUel L )un', \Vest Gwillimbury,
1 : George P ,ayter. Whltc:b:uch, 1 ; J oaeph
Hewett, 1 ; Thomas A. J ebb, 2; Charle.
S. Monch, Hayte
bury, 1 ; G. Ridout, 2;
T. G. Ridout, 1 ; Tnomas R'1.denhurl!!t, 1 ;
M3jor Barwick, 2 , Capt. W. Campbell, 2 ;
C. C. Smail, 1 i J, Ketchum, 1 i Capt.
Davies, 2 . Lieut. Carthew, 2 ; Capt. RUfìs,
1 i C. Mc Vittie, 1; LIeU';. Adams, 1; S.
Washburn, 2; J. C. Godwin, 1; F. T. BII.
lings, 2; Thùrne & Parsons, 2; James
Pearson, 1 ; R. Mason, 2 i \yO), Laughto?,
2 i W m. \Vare, 1 ; A, H, Tonga, 1 ; Shel-
dOD Du cher & Co., 1 ; J abf>z Barber, 1:
R. W. Prentice, 1 i T. Bell, 1; Lucius
O'Brien, 1. Total 162 shares. PeISons who
are desÌIous of taking shares in ihis boat
are respectfully informed that the subscrip"
tion paper is lymg at the store of Mesers.
Mürray, Newbigging & Co., where they
can have an opportunity of entering their
names. York, 31st December, 1831,"
Tbe movement here initiated l"esulted in
the steamt'r .. Simcoe" which plied for some
years between the Landing and the portø of
Lake Simcoe. The Simcoe was built at the
Uppe:- Landing and after being launched, it
was neceSflarY to drag the Loat by main
force down tó 4\eep water through the thick
sediment at the bottom of the stream.
Durin
the prðcess while the capstan and
tackle or other arrangement was being
vigorous1y worked. i!1stead
f the
oat ad.
vancing the land lD conøldera
le mass,
moveà bodIly towards the boat, lIke 11. cake
of ice set free from the main floe. Much of
the ground and marsh in the
reat. estuary
of the Holland River is said to be simply an
accumulation of earthy and T'egetable ' mat..
ter _restIn.g <..>n w
ter.
The .. Peter Robinson" was succeeded by,
the .. Simcoe," Captain Beil, the .. Beaver,"
" Morning," and other vessels.

CHAPTER COXI.
THE BAY TO HOGG'S HOLLOW.

Spots or Inte,.el& Oil tbe Journey up Won
e
I!\treet a.
een In the Earl)' lÞay. oC Wor....
Sir GeorlZe Y ongt' , Secretary of War in
1191, and M. p, for noni ton in the County
of Devon from 1763 to 1796, gave a name
to the most remarkable street which To-
ronto has ever possessed, 1t is a long
iourney throu"h this street, but by no

means an uniaterestin
one. Let us begin
at the bay shore and pass up Y onge street,
viewing it aø it W&S, not as it IS. Before
starting it may be remarked that Yon

street Wall originally what is known aa a
bush road, that is. winding here aRd there
to escape IZreat trees. It followed the \rack
of an Indian t:ail. The object of laying
out this road of extreme length throl1
h a
dense wilderness and traversing almost im..
passable ravines. is given by Surveyor..
Genera] D. W. Smith in bis Gazetteer of
1799, He say!! :-
.. Y onge street i'J the direct communica..
tion from York to Lake Simcoe, opened
during the administration of his Excellency
Major,General Lieu.te.nant-Governor Simcoe,
who, having vi!õited Lake Huron by Lake
aux Clairs, (formerly also Oaentaronk or
Sinion, and now named Lake Simcoe,) and
di'Jcovered the harbour of Penetangu :shene.
(now Gloucester,) to be fit for shipp:ng.
rf-solveà OD improving the communication
from Lake Ontario to Lake Huron by this
sbort route, thereby aToidin
the circuitous
pauage of Lake Erie. This street has been
opened in a direct line and the road made
by the troops of his Excellency's corps.
It iø thirty mIles from York to Hollanò's
River, at the PlDe Fùrt called GWI1limbU!y,
where the road eDds; from thence yon àes-
cend into L
ke
imcoe, and havin
passed
it there "re two passages into Lake Huron;
the one by the River Severn, which con..
veys the waters of Lake Simcoe into
Glouoeater Bay, the otkf'r by a 8mail port..
age, the continuation of Y onge street \.0 a
:!!ma.111ake, which also runs mto Gloucester
Bay. This communication atTords m'\ny
advantagEs. Merchandiøe from Montreal
to M1Chilimackinac may be sent this way
at ten or fitteen pounds less expense per
ton than by the route of the Grand or Ot-
tawa river, and the nlerchandise from New
York to be sent up the North and Mohawk
rlver
for the north-west trade finding its
,yay into Lake Ontario at OswPgo, (Fort
Ontario) the advantage wilt c<!rtainly be
felt oi transporti
g goods from Oswego to
York and from thencp. across Y onge street
and down the waters of Lake Simcoe into
Ll\ke Huron is preference to sending It by
Lake Erie. II
Starting from Toronto b&.y on our long
pilgrimage aiong the route from which so
much was expf'cted in the last year of the
]ast century, we first pass on the east the
hou6e ot Chief J usticp. Scott, surround....d
by orchard, garden and pleasure ground,
afterward the residence of Justice Sher-
wood, and or. the wrst the house of Chief
Justice Sir James M'(caul:1Y, similarly situ-
ated in the miãst of trees, flowers and veg
.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

701

tables. Then we come to what was tben
an extremely desolate place, but is now
the most throngeii quarter of the city,
the in terl!ection of Y onge a!ld Kmg streets,
North of this, at a later period in 1832, were
the foundries of W, B. Sheldon, F. R.
Dutcher, 'V. A, Dutcher, Samuel Andrus,
J. Vannorman and B. Vannormau, manufac-
tured the w&res then in ðemand. Nearly
opposite were the spirit vaults of Michael
h.ane, the father of Paul Kane, an early To-
ronto artist. At the left corner of Adelaide
street, along tht: south side of it, was th

weli..known tannery of Jesse Ketchum, and
on the north corner, dIagonally :Across was
his big white frame house. The sid
s of the
roadway bere were covered with tanbarkand
were the nearest I\pproach to sidewalks in
the town.
The next point reached is a four crossway,
that made by the intersectIOn of Y onge and
Dundaa, Lo
or Queen.. which He identical,
and poas
ssed of especial bistoric interest.
as belDg the intersection of the two great
military roads of Upptr C<1nada projected
and exp!ored by Governor SImcoe in per-
80n. Oojects of interest at this cross-roads
were in later years Elliott's Sun Tavern on
the west ilide, a large square white building
and on the east side Go01's foundry, w
ere
the " Toronto," the first locomotive bnilt
ih Upper Canada, was constructed in 1853
for the Ontario, Simcoe and Huron Railroad.
On the same side, a little above this, lived
the three brothers, famous in the history of
the Lake Marine, Captains John, Robert
and Charles Mcintosh. It wa
opposite the
form
r's honse that the riot took place which
si
nalized the return home O' 'Villi::.m Lyon
M
ckenzie in 1849 after twelve years of ex-
ile. Next, on tJle west BIde about ,,,hei'e a
ßt[t>et leads into Trimty Square, fI. white
gate Ï1I reached the entrance into the
grounds of Dr, Macal 1 1ay. His house in what
is now Trinity Square, was long considered
particulady remote and inaccessible and
stories are told of perF-ons bewilJered and
lost for hours in the aùjoiving marshes and
woods while trYID
to reaoh It. Justice
Boulton travelling from Preflcott in his own
v
hicle

bound for Dr. Macaulay'ø domi-
cIle was ulssuaded on reaching .Mr. Small's
hom
e at the corner of King and B')rkeley
8tre
ts f
om attempting to pus}} on to his
desunatlûn, althou
h it Wail by no means
latf', on account of the inconveniences and
perils to be encountered, and haa the fol..
lowing day was taken up in accomnlishing
the_residue of his
(,urnpy, .
:NOI,th of tbls pOlDt a fine stretch of forest
land extended to Yorkviile. A httle be,
yond where Grosvenor streét l
ads into
what was :Ehuslty Villa., was a solitary

green field with a screen of lofty treet! on
three of its sIdes. In its midst -.vasa Dutch
barn or hay barracks with movable top. On
the northern side of this was the exact spot
where a fatal duel was fought, the .tory
of which has been already told. Jnsttothe
north of the scene of tbis ànel was the
portion oÏ Y o
ge street where a wooden
tramway was once laid down for a short
dIstance. Subterranean spángs and quick,
sands hereabout rendered the p:imitive
roadmaker's occupation no f'a
y one and pre,
vious to the application ot macadam, the
tramway, while it lasted, was a boon to the
farmers after beavy rains, Near by was
the cottage of Mr. Charles Durand. His
father was the first who ever imported fux-
hounds into Upper Canada, a p"ck of which
an imals he cansed to be sen t ou t to him from
England. Peter Dt's ,Jardines from whom
the Dundas Canal has its name was a clerk
in the employ of Mr. Durand in 1805.
A few )ards Ïurther ou was wbat was
popularly known as the Sandhill, a modt!L"'o
ate rise showitu
where in by-gone ages the
lake bega.n to shoal. An object of interest
in the woods here at the top of the rise on
the west side was r-he .. Indian'. Grave-
made noticeable by a litth civi;iz'd railing
around it. The story connected wIth ttus
grave lIas not escaped Dr. Scad ding who
has paid especial attEil.tÏon to the history of
Yonge street, and to .hom we are indebted
for the whole of this article. The øtorv was
this: When the United States' forces
were landing in 1813 Df>ar the Humber Bay
witli the iní.ention of attacking the fort and
tabng York, one of
Iajor Givin's Indians
COTJceal
d hiblself In a tr."e aT\d from that
position fired into the bo
ts repc:atedly with
fatal effect. fie was 80011 discJvered and
speedily shot, l'he body was afterwards
found and deposited with respect in a grave
on the crest of the Sa.ndhill where an an-
cient Indian burying ground had existed,
though long abandpneù. It would s
eDl
that by some means the scalp of thl8 Indian
was packed up with the trophit,s of the cap-
tureof York, and conveyed by Lieut. Dudley
to \Vashmgton. From being found w com-
pany wIth the Speaker's m'\ce on that oc-
casion, the story awse of its having been
discovered OVf>f 1;he Speak
r's chair in the
Parliament; Building that was dpstroyed.
Co\. W. F, Coffin In his " ] 812, The War
and Its Moral" asserts that it was a peruke
or sCl'atch w:g that was tound in thê Par-
liament House and was mistakenfprascalp.
Building Ie,!uirement8 have at the pres-
ent time occaslOnt"d the compl
te oblitera-
tion of the Sandhill and the bones of the
Indian brave and lIis forefathers have been
carried away perhaps to mix with themortar

702

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

of many a building. To the eastward of this
sandy rise waa one of the ea.dy public nur-
sery gardens of York, Mr. Ft'allk's. Fur-
ther to the north on the same BIde was an-
other, Mr. Adams. Tba groundlil of Kear..
sil!
House, Mr. proudfoot's maIUliof.l, occu-
py the 4òite of Frank's nursery eardens. Tne
relit of the SandhIll rise bore the !lame ot
Cloyer Hill; the home of Captain E msley,
SOD of the Chief Justice. Another house on
the same properlY in which the Captain
sUDseq:J.ently liyed W&8 named Barnsta.ble,
being a porlion of the out-buildings con-
verted into a dwelling. To the north of
the Sandhlil on the east side of tbe road
was a wayside inn sti.l IiItanding known as
the Gardeners' Arms. On the right beyond
the Gardeners' Arms were e\"ec
ed at an
early date a considerable distanc.J from each
other, two or three flat single storey, white
frame cottages, the first of sach structares
in the outskirts of York and Ep<,edil}' copied
and repeated in vario'ls directions, being
thought models of neatl1e!;sand ('onyenience.
Opposite where these little cotta
es were to
b
Re
n at a later date Was the vineyard of
Mr. Bevan, who combined the manufaoture
ot wooden ware and wine. Just before
reaching the first concession road, or what
is now Bloor street, \..as a family re3idence of
an ornél.mental suburban character, put up
by Lardner Bostwick and thf. first of that
class of dwellings in the neigbbourhood,
Next after Bostwick's was the house of Mr.
De Blaqnier, who lived ther9 before build

109 notfar off, the residence ca:!ed The Pmes,
wnere he dIed and which was afterward oc...
cupied by Mr. John Ht::ward. Mr. Dt:
Blaqmer was the younges t son of the filst
Lord De Blaquier of ArdkilJ in Ireland. He
emIgrated ill 1837 and w
s subsequently ap-
pointed to a. seat 111 the Legislatiye Council
of Upper Canada. In his youth ha had
seen aQtive serviee as a m;d
hipIPan. He
was present at the battle of Camperòown
in the Bounty, commanded by C,'phÏ11
Blien. He was alsoin the fl
et at the Nore
clu rin{t the mutiny,
Next we come to the First Concession
Road now named Bloor street from Mr.
Bloor, a brewer and ldrge property owner
of theneignbourhood who lived on the south
side of t Ilis street east of Y on
e street.
Here, too, at the eastward stood St. Paul's
Church, made famous by the erection of a
spire eighty-five feet highin oileafternoon as
describf'lÌ in another chapter. Passin
on
the left what was the old" Potter's Fidd,"
or " York General, or Strangers' Burying
Ground," we find ourselyes opposite the
celebrated Red Lion Tavern intimately con-
nected in many W'lYS with the early history
of York. On the east side d Y ooge street.

near the northern toil-gate, stood Dr, R. C.
Horne's house, burned in the troubles of
1837. To the right further on is the brew-
ery of Mr. Severn built in 1835. S,ilI fur-
ther On the same side, a block house of two
stories, both of them rectangular, but the
upper turned half round on the lower built
in cOD8equence of the troubles of 1837 and
supposed to command the great hi{thway
from the north overhung a high bank. An-
other of the same kind stood at the eastenl
extremi ty of the Firs t Concession Road. A
considerable stretch of striking landscape
here skirts our loute on the r,ght. Rose..
dale House, the oidhome of Srephen Jarvis,
Registrar of the Province, has aiways been
noticeable for the romantic character of its
situation on tile Cl"est of a precipitous bank,
over.looking the deep winding rayines of
Rosedale.
The perils and horrors encountered every
IIpring and autumn by travellers and others
in their ascent and descent of the preCIpi-
tous sides of the Rosedale ravine at the
point where the primitive Yonge street
crossed it were a local proverb a.nd a by-
word of p6rils and horrors, ra.nking for enor-
mity with those associa.ted with the pa.ss-
a
e of the Rouge, the Credir, the :SIX ten
and a long list of other dt::eply ploudH'd
watercourses, intersected by the two
reat
highways of Upper Canada. The ascent
and descent of the gOI'f.'{e here were collec-
tively spoken of as the !' Blue Hill" from
the fact that strata of a blUIsh clay might
be observed at the summit on both sides.
All the conditions rt:quired to be fulfilled
by thp first settlers were these: Tht'Y must
withiI} the term of two years clear fit for
cultivation and fence ten acres of the lot ob.
tained, build a house, 16 by 20 f
et of logs
or frame, with a shinele roof. also cut down
all the timber in front of :md the whole
width of the lot, which is 20 chains 133 feet
wiùe. 33 feet of which must be cleared
smooth and ìdt for bait of the public road.
To issue injunctions ior the perfOl'mallC
of
such work was easy. To do such work or
to "et such work efr'
ctual!y done was under
the circllmstanc
s of the times difficult.
Hence Yon(!f' street continued for some
years aftt'l' 179-1 to be little more than a
rambhng forest wheel track througb th,
woods.
In 1794 \Viiliam Berczy brought oyer
from the Pulteney Settlpment on the south
side of Lake Omario, sixty German familie!l
and conducted them to the township of
Markham north-east of York, where lällds
had IJeen assigned them. In effectin
this
first lodgment of aconsi:lerabJe body or colo.
nists in a region entirely nt::w, Mr. Berczy
necessarIly cut out by the ailÌ of his party

LANDMARKS OF TOt{ONTO.

703

and such other help as he could obtain, went to the Garrison and informed the Gov..
some kmd of a track through the f-orast ernor that Y onge street was opened from
along the line of Yonge street. He had al- Y:-Irk to the Pine Fort Landing, Lake Siro.
ready once before sucoessf'llly accomplished coe.
a similar w')[k. He bad hewn out a waggon Another early Surveyor of note, conuect-
road for emigrants thl'ough trackless woods ed with the pl'imitÌ'Y'e history of Y on
e
all the way from Philadelphia to where the street was John Stegmann, a German, who
Pultenf>v Settlement was. had been an officer lD a flessian re
lment.
In 1795, Deputy Provincial Surveyor Au. He was directed m 1801 by the Surveyor.

ustas J tl"S was directE'd by Lieutenant- General, D. W, Smith, to examine and re..
Governor Silncoe to suney and open in a port upon the condition of Yonge Btreet.
more effective manner the route which Mr. Thus he reported-Agreeable to your in-
B:.-rczy and his pmlgrants had tra\'elled. A structioDs for the examination of Yon'te
detachment of the Qlleen's Ranp:ers was at 8tree
, I have the honour to report thert'On
the same time oT'der
d to assIst. On the 24th as f\.Jllows: That from the town of
ork to
Decembu, 1795, Mr. JoneR wrItes to D, W. the three-mile post on tbe Poplar Plains,

mith, Actin
-Surveyor General-HIs E

the road is cut and that as yet the greater

llency was pl
a
efl to dlre
t me previous part of the
ai-d distance is not passable ior
to my surveying the townsh'p of York to any carriage whatever on account of logs
proceed on Yonge street to survey :>nd open which lie in the street. .From thence to Lot
a cart road from Lhe harbour at York. to I No. I-the first bt after crossing the third
L
ke Simcoe, which I am now busy at. Mr. conce-ss:on road from the lake shore-the
Pearse is to be wi...h me in a few da:r
' time road is very difficult to pass at any tun6
with a tÌe
achment of a bout thirty of the a
reeable to the present situation in whicl1
Queen'liI Rar.gC'r8 who are tv assist in open- tbe said part of the street is. We have then
mg the said wad, In his not.e.book and e. detail of bis notes all to the condition of
journal for the New Year, 1796, Mr. Jones the road opposite every lot &ll the way to
records the comm.
ncement of the survey the northern limit of tbe townships 0; Ki,lg
thus-Monday, 4th January, 1796. Survey and Whitchurch. Of lot No. I in th.e town-
of Yon
e street. Begun at a Post near the ship 01 York on the west side of Yo
e
Lake York Harbour on Bank, between Nos. street it is rt:ported that the nqunition of
20 and 21, the course being Mile N
. 1 Pov rnment is complied with. ('xcept a few
N. 16 dep;rees W. eighty chains from Back logs ill the str'!et not burnt. Of Lot No, 1
Oak Tree to Maple Tree On the ri'th
side all the east BIde also that it is complied
along the said Y on2e street. at ei
hteen with except a few logs not burn t. No, 2
chains fifty links, small creek, course the west side complied with the street cut but
saRte at thIrty-two eighty, here First Con
not burnt. East side complied with, fome
ce88ion. At N.
5, W. to 40-50. At 39- logs in tøc street not burnt and in fome
50 swamp anà creek ten lin.ks across, runs p
aces narrow. No.3 west side complied
to tr.e right, tlren N. 2, E. to 43 chains in with except a few logs not burnt, east side
the line. At 60-25 small creek runs to right complied with. the clearing not fenced, no
swampy to 73, N. 29 V;. to 77 swamp on house, some lo
s 1D the street not burnt.
right, then N. to 80 on line, timber chidly No.5 west sIde complied with, East side
white and black oak to 60 and in many non
coUJpliance. No.8, wesl; side, com

places wmdfalls thereon, maple, elm, neech plied with the street cut, but not burnt.
and a few oaks, black ash, loose B.lil. Mile East side complu.d with the street eut, but
No, 2, do. 80 chains ritting Pine Ridge to 9 not burnt. Here the street it is noted goes
on top. And so On day by day until 'fues. to the eastward of the hne on account of
day. February 16th, whrn the party re;;.ch- hilly
ound. No.3, west side, complied
e
the Landing, The surTPY and opening with in clearing, the street bad and narrow.
ot the street from York Bay to the Landing East side non-compliance, street bad cmd
thus occupied forty-three days-January narrow and to the east of the road. No. 16
4' h to F, bruary 16 h-Three days sufficed. west side nothin2 done to the road. about
ior
he. retUl n of the party to the place of five acres cut, nõt fenced and DO huuse
be
lUnmg. The memoranàa of these three thereon, east side complied with. No. 17,
days run thus :-Wednf'sday, 17th-re- west side complied with, the underbrush in
turned.back. to a t1malllake at the twenty.. the street cu , but not burnt, east side com-
fir
t mile tree, pleasant wea.ther, light ",mds plied with except some logs not burnt. N

from the ,west. Thursday, 18th-came down 18, west side, well-complIed with, east 81de
to five mIle tree from York, pleasant wea- wpll complipd with. No, 25, west side,
ther. Frida.y, 19
h-came to the town of complied with, east side complied. with-
fork; busy entermg some of my field notes, nothing done to the street and a school..
weather as before. Toe next day Mr. Jones house erected in the centre of the street.

70

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO

This is the enrl of the township of York.
Then on No. 33, west side Vaughan clearing
complied with, no house and nothing done
to the street. East side, Markham clearinsz
complied with south part of the street cut:
but not burnt and north part of the street
nothing done. No. 37, V3ughan clearing
co'nplied with, but some iarg
trees and
some logs left m the street. MarkÞam,
(lome trees and logs left in the street, some
acres cut but not burnt-, no fe::tce and a
small log house, No. 55 Vaughan clearing
complied with the: stret t cut and logs not
burnr. Markham clearing complied with,
the street cut and logs not burnt,a very bad
place for the road and may be laId out bet.
ter. No. 63, west side, King non.compli-
ance, east side, Whitchurch, non-compli-
ance and similarly on \.0 No. 88, on which
in Kjn
the clearing is complied wi th, not
fenced, the street good, in Whitchurch, the
clearing 18 complied with, but nothing done
t,) the street, No. 93, King, four acres cut
and nothing done to the street, Whit,
church. SIX acres clear land and nothing
done to the s:reet. Here King and Whit-
church and the report end.
MI". S egmann conc: udes his report by say-
ing-This was the real situation of Y onge
øtreet when examined by me, and I am sorry
to be under the necessity to add at tbe con.
clusion of thIs repor, that the mOB t ancient
inhabitants of Y onge street have been the
most neglectfD.l in clearing the street and I
have reason to belie.e that some tr.fle with
the requi-;ition of Government in respect of
clearing t'tJp street.
Mr. B
rczy brought over his 8ixty-foul'
families lD 1794. The most ancient inhabi.
tantil were thus of Stjven years' standJU'l.
It men of tbe second generation regarded
Y onge street as a dIfficult route to travel,
what must the first immigrants from the
GenellPe country and Pennsylvania haTe
found it to be. They brought with them
Tehicles, and horses, and families and some
houeehold stuff. The Gautteer of 1799 says,
that the boòy of their W;Jg
ons was made of
close boards and that the most clever had
the ingenuity to caulk the seams and so by
shifting off the body from the carriage it
Bernd to tran8port the wheels and the
family. Old settlers around Newmarket
ulieò to narrate how in their first journev
from York to the Landing, they lowered
their waggoDs down the steeps by ropes
passed round the IItems of saplings auå th,'n
hauled them up the ascent on the oppoli.'Ï.e
side m a similar way.
Just beyond the Blue Hill ravine en the
west side stood for a iong while a lonely un-
finished framp building with gable towards
the street and windows, boarded up. The

iuquirin
stage passenger would be told
good humouredly by the driver that this
was Rowland Burr'1I Folly. It was to have
been I!. cardmg or fulling, mill worked by
peculiar mar.hinery driven by the stream in
the valley below, but either the impractica.
bility of this from the position of the build-
ing or the a8 yet insi(;{Dlficant quantity of
wool produced ID the country made tbe en.
terpri8e abortive. Mr. Burr was an emi-
grant from Pennsyhrania in 1803 and from
early manhood was strong:y mark.ed by
many of the traits which are held to be
characteristic of the speculative and eneI'..
geticAmerican. But unfortunately for him-
!'Oelf, he was in advance of his neighbours.
A canal to connect L
ke Ontario with the
Ueorgian Bay of Lake Huron via Lake
im-
coe and the vaìley of the Humber was
prrssed by him years aszo and at h;s own eJ:.
peuse he minutely exammed the route and
published thereon a report. He was a born
engineer and mechanician. He built on his
own account or'tol' others a. nurr.ber of mills
and factories, proyidin
and getting into
workin
o:der the complicated mechanism
required for each a.nd this at a time when
such undertakinga were not easy to accom-
plish from the unimproved conditIOn of the
country and the few facilities that existed
for importmg and tran!'Oporting inland heavy
machinerv. The mills and factories at Burr-
wich in Vaughan originated with him and
from him that plac' takcs its name. The
early tramway on Y onge street of whlch we
have already spoken was suggested by Mr.
Burr a!1d whpn the cutting down of the Blue
Hill was decided on he undertook and ef-

ected the work.
It is now more than half a century since
the peculiar clay of the Blue Hili began to
be tn:-oed 10 useful account, Messrs. James
a.nd William Townsley first burnt kilns of
white brick here to the left of Y onge street
and the manufacture was afterwards carried
on by Mr. Nig!ltin{{ale. a family connection
of the Messrs. Townsley, Mr. W orthir.g-
ton, also, for a time el1ga
ed in the manu-
facture of þl'f'ssed hrick and drain tiles on
the same !Spot, The Rossin House and the
YodL1"ille Town Hall were built of pressed
brick made here.
Chestnut Park on the right was erected
at a comparatively modern period by Mr.
Marhers, aD early merchant 0; York, who
before building here, lived on Queen street,
near the M 'ado1Vs, the residence ot Mr. J.
HiUyard Cameron. Chestnut Park was af.
terwards taken by Mr. Macpherson. At the
left glimpses are obtained of O.klands, Mr.
John Macdonald's reilidence, Ra.lllDally J Mr.
Mc
Iaster's abode and '''oodlawn, the home
of Chancellor Blake and bUIlt by him, but

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

705

aftenrardø occupied by Justice Morriøon.
Bummer Hill. seen on the high land far to
the right
ud commanding a noble view of
the wIde plain below! including Toronto and
the lake Tiew far distad. was built bv
Charles Thomson. 'Whose name is associated
with the former travel and postal service of
the whole length of Y onJ!e street aud the
Upper Lakes. Summer Hill was greatly im-
proved and enlarged by Larratt Smith, its
8ubsfquent owner.
The primniTe walZgon track of Y onge
street ascended tbe hill at which we now
arrive a little to the west of the present
line of the road. It passed up through a
narrow excayated notch. Åcrosl this de..
pre&SIOn or trench, a forest tree fell wIthout
being broken and there lon
remamed.
Teams on their way to and from town had
to pass under It, lIke cartured armies of old
under the yoke. 1'0 some amon
the coun-
try folk it sU2'gested the beam of the gal

lows.. tree. Hence sprang an ill"omt'ned
name 10n
attached to this spot. Near
here at the top of the hill were tormer1y to
b. seen the remains of a rude windlass or
capstan used in t
e bauling up ofthe N orth-
West Company's boats at this point oÍ the
long portalZe from Lake Ontario to Lake
Huron. So ear:v as August 3. 1799, the

iagara Oonstellation amiounced that it was
informed on good authority that the North-
West Company had it seriously in contem-
plation to establish a communicationwitb the
Upper Lakes bywayoi York through Yonge
strt:et to Lake Simcoe. a distance ot thir
y-
three miles. rb. Constellation adds that
the Government has actually begun to open
Yonge street for several miles which exam...
pie wIll undoubtedly be no smail induce-
ment to persons who possess property on
that street and i s vicinity to exert them-

elves in opening and completing what m\y

ustly be considered one of the primary ob..
Jects of attention in a new country, a good
road. In these early days the cavalcade of
the North-west Company's boat61 mount
d
On wheels pursued their way up Y onge
atreet. It used to be supposed by somd
that the tree across the notch through which
!he road pa
sed had been purposely felled
JD that position as a part of the' apparatus
for helplDe- the boats up the hill.
The tableland now attained was long
known
s the Poplar Plains, and Stee;mann
uses thIs name IQ his n'port. A by,road

hat. s.scends this same rise near Rathnaily
IS StIU known as the Poplar Plains road. To
tbe left of Y onge strLet at the point now
reached and lyin
slil.!htiy back stood nntil
recently th house of Mr. J. S. Howard,
known alii Olive Grove. It was \:uilt by
Mr. C.tmpbe1J, proprietor of tbe Oatano

House in York and an eminent maD in the
Maljonic body. Masquotah-mt=adow in the
Ochipway tongue-stood to the left a short
distance in. Ie was the borne of '\V. War..
ren Baldwin. the sonoÏ Dr. W. W. :Bald..
Win, the builder of Spadiug,.
D
er Park. to the nortb of the road that
enters here, but skirting Y onge street a.
well, had that name given it, when the pro-
perty of Mrs. Heath, wIdow of Col. Heath,
of the H. E. I. Company's service. On a
part of this prop,'rtv was the house built by
Colonel Carthew, afterw!tfds the abode of
Mr, Fisken. Colonel Cm.thew. a half-pay
officer of Cornish orif/;in also made large im-
provemen. s on property in the vicInity of
Newmarket.
Just after Deer Park to aToid a long
ravine. which lay in the line of the direct
route northward, the road swerved to the
left and then descended passing OTer an em-
bankment which was the dam of an aùja..
cent sawmill, a fine view of the interior oÏ
which wi
h the saw usually in active motion
was obtained by the traveller as he fared on.
This was Micha.el '\V!litmore's I"awmill.
Of late years the apex of the long triane-le
of Norman's land that for a great while lay
desolat
between t he original and subse..
quent lines of Y onge street was happily
utilized by the erection thereon of a church,
Christ Church, an object well seen in the
ascent and deacent of the street. Ancient..
Iy very near the site of Christ Church, a
solitary longish, wooden buildin
. fronting
southward was conspicuous, the abode of
Mr. Hudson, a provIncial land suneyor of
ma:'k. Looking back southward from near
the front of this house a fine distant
limpse
of the water!; of L.1ke Ontario ulied to be
obtained, closing the Tista made in the for-
est by Y onge street
Bt'. ore reaching Whitmore's sawmill,
while passing along the brow of the hill.
over looking the ravine, which was avoided
by the street a.s it ran in the first instance,
there was to be seen at a little dis ance to
ihe right on some rough undulatmg ground
.. house which always attracted. the eye by
its affectation of Go
hic in the outline of
its windows. On the side towards the pub-
lic road It showed several obtnse..headed
lancet lights. This peculiarity gave the
building otherwise ordinary enoue;11, a
slightly romantic air. It had the f-ffect ia
fact at a later pericd of creating for thilJ
habitation when standing' for a considerable
while tenantless, the reputatIOn of being
haun
ed. This house and tbe surrounding
grounds constituted Springfif'ld Park. the
original Upper Canadian home of Johu.MiBtI
Jackson, an E '
lÌfh gentlema.n. ÏormE:r1vo f
Downton ill Wiltshire, who emIgrated hith..

70ß

LANDMARKS OF l'ORONTO

er prior to 1806, but finding public affairs
mana
ed in a way which he deemed not
8atisfac
ory he returned to England, where
in 1809. he pu151ished a pamphlet addressed
to the King, Lords and Commons of the
United Kingdom of Great Britam and Ire-
land, entitled .. A View of the Political
Situation of the Province," a brochure t1
at
made a stir in Upper Canada if not in Eng-
land, the Local House of Assembly Toting
it a libel. In the preface to his pamphlet
which is a ",eU.-written production, Mr.
Jackson gives an account of his first con.
nection with Canada and his early expe.
rience here, Hp says: .. Having by rij;tÌ1t
of inheritance a claim to a large and very
valuable tract of land In the Province of
Quebec, I was induced to visit L'Jwer Ca.na-
aa for the p.trpose of investigating my title
and bpinsz desirous to view the immense
lakes and fa Is in Upper Canada. where I
had purchased some lani! previous to leav.
in#!, Eng'and, I ex
ended my trayels to that
country with which I was so much pleased
that I resolved to settle on one of my es-
tates and eXD,-,nded a cODsiderable sum on
its improvements"-the allusion is probably
to Springfieid !>>ark- "bu t considerlDg neither
my person nor pr,JpertV secure und"r the
system pursued ther::>, I have been obliged
to relinqui
h the hcpe of it's l:'lJjùyment."
To Mr. Jackson's mind the colony wa!
being
overncd ex
-.ctly in th
\V,iY that leads
finaliy to revolt in colonies. The principles
of theconstltutlOn guaranteed by the MOchel'
Country were violated. One of his griev-
ances was-not that a seTenth of the pub.ic
lanõ had been set apart for an eshbJÌshed
church but that-c. In seTenteen years not
one acre had been turned to any bpnefic:a l
account, DOt a cler
yman fxcept such as
En
'and pays or the Missionary ::Society
sends, only tive In number, without glebe
perquisite or pa.riwnage touse and still tewer
churches tl
aI1 ministers of the established
religion. " Nevertheless, what the old
Frpl'c 1 frader said r>f Afrl('a-TolljouTs en
maudissa.nt ce vila.;71 pay,
, on y rerims tou.
;OUTS provt'd true in respect to Canada ,n tne
case of
1r. J,\ckson as In the case of Reveral
other severe critic
of Ca.nadian public af-
fr.irs ID later timps, He returned and dwelt
in the land aftu all, settìinsz with hi!! family
on Lake SUflcoe where Jackson's Point and
Jackson's Landing retain hi! name and
wh('re descendants oj his IItill remain, Mr.
J 1 cks< ,n had possesslOns likewIse in t he West
Indl s and made freqpfilt visits thither, as
al!lo to England where at length he died in
1836 Up to about that time we observe
J IS narr.e in the Commiseion of the Peace,
He ,va!" a gentleman commoner of Balli 01
Collp({e in the University of Oxford. Pre-

vious to 1827 he published a Biblical work,
which was for sale in the book storf'S of
Messrs. M..ighan and Lesslie & Sons, York.
It was enhtipd The History from the Cre..
ation of the W orid to the Death of Joshua,
authenticatí,d from the best authorities with
Dotes Critical, Philosophical, Moral and Ex-
planatory.
One of Mr. JackBon's sons, Clifton, is lo-
cally remembered as an early examvle In
these parts of the exquisite of the pprioà.
the era of the Prince Reszent and Lord
Byron. By extra sacrificing to the Graces
at a time w
ere articles de co81nf'tique et de
luxe generally were scarce and costly in
Canada he gßt himself into trouble. In
1822, he had o"casion to make his escape
from durance vile in Y or k by opening &
passage one quiet Sunday morning throu1!h
the roof of tbe old jail. He was spledily
pur'3ued by Mr. Parkec, thp warden, and au
associate,
lr. Gar8ides. overtaken at Al-
bany in the State of New York, aJ1prehend-
eà under a feigned char
c ar.d brought back
to York. Among the inhab!tantll of some
of the vIllages bel ween Alb
ny and Y oungs

town, 3. solsp:cion arose that a caRe of kld-
nappmg was JD prr>gress and Messrs. Park l'
and Garsides, were exposed to risk ot per-
sonal violence before they couH reach the
westelD hank of the Niagara River with
their prey. A few years later. Clifton
J aeksoCl obtaineà a situation in the Home
Colonial Office with a ({ood salary. To dls"
tinguish Mr. MitIs J:J.CkWD from MI'. Sam-
u
l Jackson, another Yonge street pl'oprie..
tor, the epithet Jacobin was applied to th

formé'r in aìll'
ion to his political principles,
and thp appellation Hatter JaCk;JOIl to the
latter in allusion to his trade. On I he in Ta-
sioo of Canada by th,' United States forces
during the war of 1812, he opeu!y avowed
his sympathy with the invaders and ,vas
obliged to fl,'e from the cOlaltry.
The original owner (If Jacobin Jackson's
property was Stillwell WiiSOD, who as early
as 1799, was appointed one of the overseers
of highways and-fences for thß portioo of
Y onge street from Lot 26 to Lot 40 in Mark-
ham and Vauj;,(ba.o. In 1821 he was. lalld-
lo!'d ot the \\
aterloo House in York. In
1828 some of his property ,,",IS seIzed for an
indebtedness to one J aims Ashley. At an-
other time he ...as in command of a slip.ket'l
schooner plymg between York and Niagara.
After Mr. Jackson, .Mr. Cawthra became the
owner of this property.
As we reach the higher land after cro
s'
in
the dam of Whitmore's Mill and return-
ing 'Yith the more dIrect line of the stre
t
some rude pottery works meet the "ye. Here
in the midst of woods the passer-by saw on
one sIde of the road a one-horse clay, grind-

LA1\D
IARKS OF TOltON roo

;07

in'l; m::chine laLoriou"Jy in operation and on
the other dsplayed iu the open airon bó)aràs
supported by wooden pins dnven into the
great logs comp03in
the wall of the low,
wmdpwless bU11din
, numerous articles of
coarse, blown ware, partially glaz
ò, pa.ns,
crocks, j
rii, jug
, d IllIjohns and 10 forth.
These works werecar:-ied on by John Walm-
sloy.
A tract of rough country was now reach-
ed dlffi::u!t to clear and dlfth:ub to traverse
wi
h a vehicle. Here a
eDnine corduroy
causeway was encountered, a long serIes of
small saw:og:i laid side by /Side over which
wheels j}lted deliberately. In the wet spa..
son, portions of i
being afbat would undu.
late under th
\\ eight 0: a passing load and
occasionally a horse's ]e
would be entrap-
ped and possibly snapp
d short by the lIud

den yielding or reyolu tion of one of the
cylinders below. To the rig\lt of this trl'c

was one of the church vI, bf::! reserved in
eyelY township in the original laying out of
Upper Canada, one lot o
1 wo hundred acre3
in every seven of the ..ame area. A relic of
this arrang
ment, now broken up, but ex..
p(:cted to b} permanent when the Quebec
Act was passEd 10 1780, remained down to
a late date in the shape of a wav"ide inn to
the right near here styled on it! sign the
I, Gleb; Inn,"a tiJe and sign remindin

0111) of the" Church S
iles" and
I Cimrch
G lte3" 110t uncommon as village a'e-house'
desIgnations in some parts of England.
Hitherto the g.meral directbn of Y onge
SO reet has been north eizteen de'Crecs west.
A t the pain t where i
pa!'ses t h .' road mark

ing the northern limit of the Third ConC('8..
aion from lh
bay it swerves s-ven degl'ees
to the eastward. In the first lIurvey ot this
region there occurred here a jog or fault i:1
the IIDe;;;. The portion of the street pro.
p,:>sed to be opened north hiled by a few
rods to connect in a continuous right line
with th
porti')n of it that led southward
into Yo:-k. Theirregl11arity wasaftel"wardÏI
corrected by slicing off a long, narrow, an-
gular piece trom three lots on tne east side
and adding the like quantity of land to the
opposite lot, it l1app onillg im.t here that tbe
lots on the east side lie east and west, while
thoae on the west side lie north and south.
After the third conc'ssion; the lots along
the street lie uni:or011y ust and west
The fi."st possessor of the lot on the west
sid
C!f Y on
e street, digh.
ly augmented as
d"scnbed, \\"as the Baron D
Ho.:n. an otlicer
in one of the German regiments 'disbantled
after the U L\ited State!> Revolutionary \Var,
He was a friend of the B lId win family. In
1800, he was th
second of Attol'lley
G:me...
ra! 'Vhi
e, who was kiHed in a duel with
Mr, Sm111.

In our pro
ress northward, we now trav-
erse
rounò locally historic as the BC 'De of a
skirmi
h and bloodshed in the troubles of
1837: The events connec.ed with this have
b
en sufficiently d
scrib.:d. The 2:'ea' con-
spicuous waysidtJ inJ1, which here stood at
the ri
htof the road. usuallv calird Mùnt-
gomery's, was at th
time of Hi! rte;;; Nc
ion
by the Government forces in 1837 III the
occupatbn of a landlord, Darned L1Dgfoot,
The IIOU3e of Montgomery from whom the
inn took its name, he haying been a former
occupant, was on a farm owned by h;mself,
beau ifully sÏtu!lted on risin

round to the
lefr, Bubsrquent:y the prop}rty and place of
abode of Mr. Jamea L1sslie. Mr, Mont-
g-omery had once a bote in York named
.. The Bird in Hand' on Y on
d street, a
Iltth to the north of Elliott'll Sun Tavern.
Eglintcn through which at the present day
Y onge saeet passes hereabou t is a curious
stray memo..ial of the Tournament h Ayr-
shire, which made a noise in 1839. The
pas3agf'S of alm3 on the brÞher siàe of the
Atlantic, that occasionally suggest names
for Canadian villaj:{es are not always of so
peac
ful a cnaracter as that ID the east cf
Eglinton's grounds in 1839, although it is a
matter of l:1ûme interest now to remember
that even 111 that a Loui. Nap')lcou figured,
who a:; a later period was eng,l
ed in jiJU3ts
of a rather serioull kind promoted by hi,n-
self. About Eglinton the name SUlder is
nO'abJe as that of a United EmpireL':>yalist
f'mily seated hp-re of Gelman df>scent. Mr-
Martin Snider, !ather of Jacob and Elias
Snider and other brothers and sisters, emi-

rated hither at an ear:y period from Nova
S{'otia, where he first tr>ok up his abode for
a time after the R
volution. Among the
nam28 of those who volunteered to accom.
pany General ßrock to Detroit in 1813. is
tbat of Jdcob Snider. III b,ter y-:a.n a.
member of the same famiiy was Sheriff for
the county of Grey and repeatedly a repre-
sentative in ParlIament of th:} sam
county.
Beyond EJhnton :n the desc 'ut to a rough,
irr..gular ravme, tbe hc,me of Jonathan Hale
was p lsse<1 on the east side of the street,
one of thE: H
les wbo were forwarJ to un.
dert:!ke works of public utility at a time
when applIances for the execu
ion of Bueh
wurks were f..w. Mr. H,\les'lot afterward
became part of the (state of J
sse Ke:c
wm.
On the west side oPp03ite here was a farm
that had been moderDlzed anå bcautifieà bV
two tamilies in succession, fi'ho migrated
hither from the West Indies-the Murl'ays
anll the Nantons. In particula.r a Jon'l;
a.venUð of everltreen trees plauted by them
and leadmg up to ,he house was not\c
able.
While these families wcre th-, owners and.
oc.:up:mts of the property, it was nam
d by

708

LA
D
lAl{KS OF 'fORONTO.

them Pilgrim's Farm. 8ubsequently PII.
grim's Farm pa;:sed mto the hands of .Mr.
James Beaty, one of the T'epresentativ
s of
TO!'0nto in the House of Commons in Cana..
da, who made it an cccRsional Bummer re..
treat and called it Glen Grove. It bad been
known at one period as the MacDougall
Farm, John MacD..mgall of York having
been Its ownl:'r from 1801 to 1820, Mr.
MacDougall was t he proprietor of . he prin.
::ipal hotel of York. Mr,
bcDl)uJral1 was
the origmal glantee of the farm imm..diate-
ly to the I!ourh of GIl'n Grove, Lot No.3.
On high land to the right some wayofflhe
roaà an English
looking mavsion of brick
wIth circular tnds was another early inno-
vation. A youn
plantation of trees, so
placed as to shelter it from the north-east
wIDd!'!. added to its En
lish afpecr. This
was Kingsland, the horn' of Mr. Huson,
likewiae an immigrant from the West Indies.
It was afterwards the abode of Mr. Vance,
an aldermll.n 01 Toronto.
Oue or two old farm houses of an ø.nt.ique,
,New Jersey style of &wo store,ra with ateep-
ish roofs and smail wlDdows were then
passed on the left. Some way further on,
but still in the low land of the irreguiar ra..
yine another p: imitive rU!ltlc manufactory
of leathl'r was reached. ThIs was "Law-
rence's Tannery." A bridge over the etream
here which is a feeder to the DOIJ, was
aometimes spoken of as Hawke's bridge
ire m the name cf its builder. In the hol.
low on 1 he ltf . close to the tannery and
overlook('d flom the road, was a cream col-
ourfd, resprctable frame housp, the domi.
cile of Mr, L'lwrence himsdi, In his yard
or garden, some biyes of bees when sueh
things were rarities, used always to be look-
ed at with curiosity in passin'!. The origi..
nal patentees of 10t'3 six, sevt'n, eight and
nille on t.he west aide of the street just here
were four brother!', Joseph, Duke, Hiram
and John Kendrick respectively. 'I.'hey all
l:ad nauti
l proclivities and "E're all COIl"
nccted with the marine of the !like.
We now speedily arrÏ\'ed at the com-
mencement of the difficult descc;nt into the
great nlley of the I:!'reat west brl\nch (If the
Don. Y onge street here made a a-rand de..
tour to the east anù faIled to reg1in the di-
rect northerly course for some time. As
usual wherever long, inclined pJanes were

t in _ ttle I!.
ep', S2
f8 olJo!ty c',ay banks,
tne COU.UI Lion oI tne rOd.d wa.y hf"rt:u.bout. Wtl..
after ra.in indescribably bad. After reachin

.he s
t'eam and crolsi!!-i it OD a rouih tim.
ber bridje known anciently sometimes' 'as
Bill! Cretk bridge Anù B('met,mes as Huon's
bridge, the track ascended the further bank
at first by means of a narrow bogsback,
which con'Yeniently sloped to the nle;after-

wards it made a sweep to the north.
ward alone: the brow of some broken hills
and then finallY turned westward until the
direct northern route oi the street was again
touchf d.
The banks c"f the Don are here on every
side very bO
d, åivlded III some plaoes into
sta
es by an intervenmg pIa" eau. On a se-
condary fht thus formt:'d in the midst of a
grass-
rown clearinv, to the left there wa

erected at; an early date, the shell of a place
of worship, apperiaiulDg to the oid Scot

tish kIrk put up here through the zeal of
Mr. James Ho

, a membE'r of that commu-
nion and the owner for a time a.t; least of the
floUl' mills in the yaIley near tne brid
e.
From hIm tl1is locahty was popularly known
as Hogl'{'s Hollow ,
('spite 1 he postal name
of the place, Y ûI k Mills. Mr. HC'gg was of
Scottish descent and a man of spirit. In
1832 he aent a chaU"ng-e to Mr. Gurnett, the
editor of the Courier, wno had spoken of
iiÌm in his paper in offer.sive terms, but that
g
ntleman declined to fight a duel. Mr.
Hogg died in 1839.
The circuIt of the hills overbangíug the
mills below was a!ways tedious, but several
good bits of IJcenery were caught sigbt of.
0/1 the up, and after escaping the cbief diffi.
cultieø on the ltÍL hand a 10nJr, low. wooden
bUIlding was :leen with gable and door to-
wards the road. This was an early place of
worship of the Church of England, an out-
post of the mission at York. Tne long line of
its roof was slightly curved dowuwards by
the weight of a short ::himney buill at its
middle point for the accommod
tion of an
iron stove with:n. Just before arriving at
the gate l f the buryi:lg-ground attached to
this building there were ÍJitfresting I:!'limpses
to t he left down into deep woedy glens all of
them converging southward on the Don. In
some of them were little patches of pleasant

rASS land. But alollg here for tbe moøt
part the forest long remained undisturbed.
The church or chapel referred to was
often ferved by diyini,y stL1dents sent out
irom town and frequently no doubt, its
wans echoed with prentice attemptaat pulpIt
oratory. Gourlay say. tt.at this ollapel and
the Friends' Mee'.ir.g House, near New-mar-
ket, were the only two places of public wor.
shIp on Yoq
e 8t.'e
t in 1817. James
Strachan visited his brother, tbe Bishop of
Toronto in 1819 and wlote a book of his
trip, entitled .. A Visit to t.he Provinc.e ûf
UppE::r Canada in 1819 by James Strachan."
In this work he øays-." My brot her ha"d by
h:s exertions and encour!1ltement among th"
prople, caused a chapel to be bUl:t about
eight. mileø from York, where he ollkate

once a montb, one of the young students
under his care reading the service and a ser..

LAND
lARK
OF TOF:O
TO.

709

mon 0'1 the intermediate Sundays. On his
day of doillt! duty I went \lith h m anù was
hignly gratified. The, chap
l was bui:t in
a. t.hick wood. The dmlenslOns are 60x30
feet. the pews are very decent and what was
much bet
er they wert.' riJled wIth an atten-
tive congregation. As you Sfe very few in-
habitants on your way out, I could not con.
ceive where all the people came from."
In 1843 tbe foundatkn stone of a durable,
briCJk church, was laid near the site of toe
old frame chapei. On that occasion, Dr,
Strachan nampd as especial pnmoters of the
original place of wore.hip, Seneca. Ketchum
and Joseph Sheppard, the !ormer devoting
much tIme and money in the furtherance of
the w(i
k, and the latter giving t: ree acres
of land as a site to
ethEr witll a handsome
donation in cash A silver mfdal which had
been deposited under the old buildin
, 'ft"a.s
now tramferred to a ("avity in the foune:a-
tion stone of its proposed succe880r, I
bore on the obverse, .. Francis Gore, E
q"
Lieutenant-Governor, 1816," and on the re-
nrst', " Fifty..Rixth of Geor;!e Third," To
]t were now added a couple of other medals
of s]lver , one bore on the obverse, .. John
Strachan, D. D" Bishop of Toronto, Aiex'lD-
der Simson, Minis'er, 1843," :mù on the re'
verse, .. Sixth of Victorilt. " The other had
in
cflbed on it the name of the ar()hitec",
.Mr. J. G. Howard, witb a list of other
churches t'l'fcted in Upper Canaùa under his
direction. Amon
the persons present dur-
ing the ceremony were ChIef J uatice Robin-
son, Vice-Chancellor J:Jmeson, thp. lion.
and Rev. A. Cavendish. and the Rev. G.
Mortim. r of Thornhill. Prior to the out-
door proceeding.il, a remarkable !Scene had
beeu witnessed within the wai!R of the old
building. Four 2entlemen received the rite
of confirmation at the hands of the Bishop,
all of them up to a recent date non-con..
formistø, thne ot them non-conformist
ministers of mark. Mr. Townley, Mr.
Leach-who preached the funf'ral sprmou at
the burial of James Hogg', and Mr, Ritchie-
the fourth, Mr, S:mson, not prevIously a.
minister, but now in Holy Orders of the
Church of England, and the minister ap-
pointed:o officiate in the new church.
At the pr
sent day Yonge street croases
Hogg's Hollow in a direct line on a raised
embankment, which the ancient Roman
roadmakers would haye deemed rer.pecta hIE',
a work accomplished about the year 1835
bdure the aid of steam pow.!' wu procu a-
ble in these partø for 8uch purposes_ Mr.
Lynn was the engineer in cha. ge here at
that time. The picturesque character of the
yalley haa been conlliderabl, interfered with.
Neverthele.s a winding road leads over the
blUato the rÎ2ht leadlD2 uþ to the church.

81. John's basstill some sylvan surroundines.
It maY be addeà tbat the destructiou of the
beautiful hereabout had to some extent a
se
-off 10 the fine geological studies dIsplay-
ed to the eye in the Eides of the detp cut.
at botb ends of the g eat causeway. Lake
Ontario's ancient floor here lifted up high
and dry in the air exhibits stratum, i!'uper-
stratum, the deposits of successive periodR
long '-go. The action of I he mattel., how-
ever, ha.s blurreel the intel esting picHl! e5 of
the past formerly displayed on the ßUl'fa"
e
of the artificial esca.rpment at Hogg's Hol,
low.

CHAPTER CCXII.
HOGG'S HOLLOW TO BOND'S LAKE

Old Blilldln
!J or I!pper YouJtc Street aud
lutere!jtlu
Remlulseeuce. 01 I&s Early
Inhabltau&..
In the early days journeying up Y onlle
street, t,he first building that presented it-
self after passmg Hogle's Hol!ow was Mr.
Hnmberstone's house on the west aide of the
road. He was a manufac urer of pt.ttery
ware. A curious inciden t used to be lIat..
rl1t
d as having cccurr..d in this house. The
barrel of an old Indian fowling piece tumed
up by the plough in one of the fields and
made to do dnty in the management of un.
wieldy baek logs in the great fire place, sud.
denly proved itself to have be
n charged all
the whilE', explodini one day in the hands of
Mr. Humberstone'sdaughter while being put
to ItS Cl1stomal y Ulile and kiUint! her on the
spot. Somewhat sImilarly at Fort Erie in
tne fire wrlÍch destroyed the wharf at the
landing, a condemned c
nnon which had
Ion" been plantel.l ID the pier as a post went
off, happily strait!ht upwards, witÌ10ut dom!;
any damal{e. MI.. Humberstone saw active
service ail a lieut na.nt in the Incorporated
Militia in 1812. He was pnt in char
e of
some of the prisonprs captured by Colonel
Fl1zgibbon at the B
aver Dams. and when
now nea1'Íug his destination, Kingston. with
his prisoDerø in a large battean, h
. like thp.
famous dragoon who caught the Tartar, waa
made a prisoner himself by the If.en whom
he bad in custody anà was adroitly rowed
over by tnem to the United States sbore.
where, b
ing landed, he was swiftly locked
up in jail and thence only delivered wheu
peace was restored.
The next memorable object alao on hI;
Itlt was Shephard's inn, a noted restin
.
place for wayfarers and their animals, ß:mk-
ed on the north bv large driving shedll, 011
the louth by stables and bernø; over tbe
porch at an early period waa tbe emu of ..

710

LAND
IARKS OF 'IORO
TO,

.})H gal d,\nt 3ttemp
ed in wood on the pre
I ho
telry on the right of hIgh repute about
'-&
es. C .nslIuctiveness was one ofthepre- 1836, and subs queutJy amon1!' excursIon
iMlinaJit f rcultie
in the fi!'st landlord o
the partie! from town and amon
the half-pay
.:èolden Lion. He was noted also for skIlful settlers of the L
ke Simcoe region for the
Mecution on several instruments of music cOlltents of its iarder and the quality of its
OQ tile bassoon for one. In the rear of the cookin
. Another place of similar reool'l'n
!M>teJ, a little to the south ona fine eminenc.', was Crew's, six or eight miles further on.
00 put up for hims
'1f after th
lapse ohome When a. ll)ng slope toward! the north be-
ye1rs, a priyate resid
nce remarkable for tbe
ill
soon after Finch's, a villa
e entitled
i\-Jifi:'inality of its desi
n, the outline of i
s D,mdnrn was onc
p:'ojp'c'ed by Allan Mac-

'UllY pr9j
ctingrcofs presenting a multitude Ndb afterwards the famous Sir Allan, acting
flf conca!e curves in the ChInese paJ;toda at th3 time as agent, for H. J. Boulton, but
.I
yle, Dundurn n
ver advanC3d b 'yond incipiency.
In sevt'ral building3 in this neis:-hbou1'hof"ld Tne ns.me was afterwards familiar as that of
an effort was at one time madø chif'fiy Sir Alian's chateau cl )se by Hamilton,
t.hrough the influence of Mr. S'If'p<1ard tore- A well...travdled road now soon turned off
'þ!'Ðducc wha
in the wes of Enlt'land are to the riRht le"dmsz to certain .most his-
taUed cob walls. but eith r from an e)'ror in tCiric mills in Markham, knowII as the Ger

!umpounding the lI11.terial or hom tàe p
cu. man Mils, In the Gazetteer of 1799, these
Ii!r charac
er of the local climate th y mills are referr
d to-Markham tow,u;hip III
p,t'oved uueatisfact.ory. The Shephards t the East Ridine of the County of York,
early prcprietors d land a little further on troat6 Y on'l'e street and lies to the n )rth

wel'e a åiff
rent family and spelt their name ward of York and SC'lrborc ugh, Here are
-differently. It was some m
mbefll of this J!'ood mills and a thriY'ing settl
ment of
Lmily that were momentarily concerned in G
rmans.
dhe movement of 1837. The G
l'man Mills are situ!\ted on Ll')t No.
In Wil1.)wdale, a hamlet just beyon
4: in the third c0ncessioo on a porti >n of the

Iephard's. was the residence of Dav;d Glb. Rouge or New, a river WhICh the Gazetteer

n destroyed ill 1837 by the Government iniorms its readers was the back communi.
Ibrces, }'\ 1
25. M
. Gibson was appolDtE'ð cation from the G 'lm\n se'tl"ment In Mark-
Nlrveyor of land in the .Provi:Jce by the ham to L1.ke Ontario. The expectation in
Lieutenant-Governor and in this profession 1799 was that this river anå not eitlu;r the
as we I al> that of a prac
ical farmer he was Humb
r or Don would one day be connected
p
osperous He likewise rí!pre8ented North with the Holland River by a canai I
was
'Yo.-k in the Provincial Pa
liament, \Vheo 1I0t certajniv known in 1794 wherE:. th(' river
1he chol
ra came after the tumult of 1837 he which p !ssed the G
rman Mills had its out-
was app')inted ODe of the Superlll'ende<1ts of let. Iu Iredell's plan of .Markham of that
Coloniz
lion Roads. He died at Quebec in date the stream is marked .. Ki; cheseepe or
1864. G,la
River, waters supp0sed to empLy into
A road turnin!:! off at right anJtles ;'0 the L1ke Ontario to the easiward of the High..
østwud ou" of \VilIo1'tdale, led to a cele- lands of York." Information doubtless
brated camp meeting ground on the prop3r- Mted do
n by _!
edE'11
rom the lip
of s?me
ty of .1acob Cummer, one of thp. early Ger- stray native. .h..,
che.:Seep', Big River, Is of
man sp.ttIers. It was a grand maple forest. COUlse simply a dt'scrip'iY"e expreSSlO1l taken
'1'ßis was the SCene of the camp meetinsz de- as in so many instances by the early peop
e
ecribed in the au tobiography of Peter Jones, to be a proper name: It does not appear
f.ilie lDdian missionary, an account of whIch that among the ab
ngines there were any

as øeen Jti ven elsewhere. proper local names 111 our sense of the (Ox-
'Vbere the dividing line occurs bJtween pression. ,
York anb Markbam at th
anile on tbe right The G
rman Mills were fouaded by Mr.
was tile first site of o.le sign of the Green B
rczy, either on his own account or acting
.Rush inn, removed af ;erward. to the imme- as agen '; for an assochtion at New York for
-I-ate out8kir
s of York, and to the left the promotion of G
rman emiszration to
BOmcwhere nea.r by was a siKn that was 0: C,mada. \Vhen after failing to induco1 the
mterest from its peculiarity, the Da.rweston Government to rec\Jßsider its decision in re-
Gate, .. small white five-barred gate hung by gard to the patents demanded by him for
Its tlJpmost bar to a proj ecti In from a lõr. V his settlers th1.t gJntlt'ma n retired to Mon-
p<.'s
and having p.\int9d on its lower bar:, trE-al, the G"rman Mills with variúUs par..
uDurweston G,\te," and tht' landlord'
name. Ct 18 of land wer-e adver'lsed fJr sale in the
1
was probably a r
p\'oàuction by a Dorset- Gauttt of April 27\:h. 18)5, in the foJIowine
.hire immigrant of a familiar obj >c
in his strain-" Mills and land in Markbam. to be
..ative villag..., Soon aftenrard advancing sohl by the subscriber for payment of debts
.or:h ward, Finch's waa re..ached. a szreat du., to the creditor! of William B
rczv_

LAND
IARKS OF TOROXTO

7Fl

E
g., the mills cailed t he German 1.1 ills, bein

a a-fløt mill and a saw miJJ. The Jtrist mill
haa a p i:- of French burs Rnd complete ma.
chinery for makin
and bolting sup9rfir.e
flour. The
e mills are sltua' ed on Lot No.
4 in the Third Concession of
Iarkham;

ith them wIll be given ill, lots Nos. 3 and
4: in the Third Concession at the option of
the pu!'chaEer. Also 300 acres, being the
west half of Lot No, 31, and the whole of lot
No. 32 in the s
condconClssjon of
hrkham.
Half the purchase money to be plid in hand
and half jn one yt.-ar with iegal interest. 'V.
Allan. N, B, Francis Smith, who lives on
lot No, 14 in the third cor.ces
ion, wi!l
how
tbe premiscs. York, lIth M,arch, J805."
It appears from the same Gazetú that :Mr.
BerczY'8 VDcant house m York lH,d been en
tered by bur J!'lars after his departure. For
theIr apprehension, W, Cilewett offers are..
ward oÌ twenty dollars. .Mr. B9rczy Dever
became .lisen angled from his embarrass-
ments, He dIed m
ew York in the early
pa:,t of 1513, aged 68, A Bos'on DeWfi.p':1p
r
noticinJt his df'ath sp.
ks d him as a àis..
tinguished inhabitant of Upper Canada and
highly rt'Sp(c
ed for his literary fLcqu,re..
ments.
The German Mills we: e purcha
ed and
Kept in operation by Cap
. Nolan d the 70
h
Reg:ment at the time on duty in Canada,
but th':J speculation was not a 8UCC P SS. It is
&tated that this Capt, Nolan was the father
of the officer of the same name and rank,
who fell in the charge of the Light Brigade
at 1 he very first ont
et of Ba:aclava. The
miI]s onc
bore the de!li
nation 1ìf Nolanville.
The Gazette of
íalch 19, h. 1818. c0l1 1 ains
r he fdlowillg curt announce'ment :' "NoticE'.
The Ge:-man Mills and Distillery are now in
operation. For the proprietor!!, AIexandt'r
Patterson ClaÙ, llth :Manh, 1818." Ten
years later they are offered for sale or to
leal!e in the U. O. Loyalist of April 5 h,
182K in the following adVt'r1Ísement :-"For
sale or to be leasfd, all or any pHrt of the
propel.ty known and d! Ecrib?d as NoIanvilb
or German Mil's, ill ,he third concesáon of
the township d Markham, con5is
ing of four
hnnJ:'ed acres of hnd, up,,'ards cf fifty
under good ft'l:c,sand Improvements wi'h a
good dweI;in
-house. b.,rn, staVe, saw-mill,
gnst mll, disti lery. brew house, malt house
and several other out bui
dingl!, The aboye
premises will be diRP( sed of, ei
her the
whule or in part, by applicatio!! to the sub.
I'criber. 'VI liam Allan, York, Jar;uary 26 h
1828. The premises can be vIewed at an;
time by applyiDg to Mr. John Dug1!'an re-,
siding I hert'." At this 1 ime the c ustel" of
buildin
i!. cOl1stitntinJ!' the German Mills was
&. rather impres!!.ive eight. to one coming upon
them suddenly 10 the mIdst of the woods ill

a deserted condition with all tht:ir Willd

boarded up.
.Associated with the German Mills is the
memorv of Charles Stewart Muuay, af.
r-
wards wt>ll-known in York as connect

wilh the Bank of Upper Canada. He had
been thrown out ot emp'oyment bv CaJrt,
Nolan's relinquishment of the MIlIa. fI

was thEn patronizfd by Mr. Tnorne. af
Thornhill.
A roman:ic interest attached to Mr. Mm-
ray lrom his being a persc.nal friEnd of SiT
Walter Scott and fr<Jm his beiDg intimate

associated with him in the excursion to :t.t'
Orkneys while the "Pirate" and the "I.ord-e1
the Idea" were simmermg in the noveliøt'li
brain. .
Not a bad R
-past" phyfully sactJI
Sir Walter !.\fter partakini l"JDe day of home-
ly meat-pie at the little inn of one Rae. LdJ
from Mr. Murrav'! talk a mwute p:rain to

added to Sir \Val1er's already huge Call1ln
of anG, Mr. Murray'. grandfather or other
nEar relatiye had bepn for a time secretaq
to Prince Charles Edward Stuart, the PEe-
tender.
A mile or two beyond whert' 1 he tra-ck 11\.
t he G
I man Mills turned off Y onge streQ!
once more encountered a branch of the D-oç,
flowin
as u
nal through a wide and di'fu..
cult ray-ine. At the pJint where the stream
was crossed mills aud facto! ies maåe th
n-
appearance at an early date. The as('
,;.t
ot the hank towards t1:e north w"s accntn-
plished in this instance in no rt>und ab('Qt
way. 'rhe road went straip-ht up. Ho

power and the strength of lea(her were heæ
oftpn severeiy tested.
On the rise above b
gan the yïla
;> dt
Tnornbil l , an attractive and noticeable pln

fr.1m the first moment of its existel]c

Hereabou t sever:\1 English familit s had
et-
tIed, li:'ivin
a special tone to t he neighbou

hood. In the Vt'ry hf'art of t he yilla
e W:!V
H.e homp, unfailiul{Jy
enial and ho
pitab

d :\11'. Parsons, one of the chief founders-of
the settlt1nent!!, emi
ratill
hit),er frCJm
She I bourne in Dorsetshi:'e in 1820. Nparerthe
b:-o\v of the hill o\Ter:ooking the Don, was ti.:f'
house of .Mr. Thorn;>, irem whom the p!aæ
took its name, an English 1!'enth man, al1;O-
fflm Dorsetshire. and associated with Mr:.
Pal's .DS in the I:umerOl1S buginess f'nterprisel
which made Thoruhill fol' a long period a
centre of great activity and p!o
perity. B

yond a little further nortbward liy(d tbc
Happel's, anothpr family initiatil'
here tåe
amenities and ways of go'd old west of
England household!". Dr P:Jget was like--
wise an element of happy iufluence, in t

little \volld of this re
ion, a man of hIgh .......-
turt>, formerly a medical practitioner()fgrelC
repute if} To' qU;lY.
Directly <Jpposite the honse of Sqnire Pal'-

';12

LAND
lARKS OF TORO
TO.

,
sons was the home of William Hunter. For

be whole of the preceding part of this ar.
\icle, we are indebted to Dr. Scaddin
,
"aving quoted him almost word tor word
and for the latter part of the article we are
..Iso indeb'ed to him. Atthis point WE' sha I
insert a valuabb communication irom Mr. J.
Shaw, of 148 Euclid avenue, giv;ng bn ac...
count of \Vuliam Hunter, the early condi..
hon of Yonge street, and
l'neral reminis,
cences as to the life of the pioneers. Mr.
gha w says :-
I \Vas horn at Newmarket, in the Pr"o_
Tillce of Canada, in tbe year 1822. My
p:uents remov.?d to York in the E>ame year.
A. an early age Ire urned to the country,
yesiding there until I returned to Toronto, in
the year 1871. Possessing the blesaine: of
a good m
mory I purpose ro give you a few
sketches on pi >neer life, that may be inter-
t'sting, and in ord'r tomake it m)re so, I
bave C!uot
d strongly f,'om the experience of
'Villiam Hunter, a near triend of mine, with
whom I was conve'sant during the later
put of his life, and whose relation of early
tlm3S have b
en illàehb y stamped 011 my
D1 mory. 'Vllliam HlJuter emigrated from
England with his wife and family, con
ist-
mg of one son and SIX daug
llers, in the
year 1792, and settled for a tune at Albany.
A year later, his son Thomas returned to
London, his uncle, J uhn Hunter, having
sent for him, he b
ing a merchant doing
business at No. 14 S:. Paul's Chul.chyaI'd.
B unter waR a
Iacksmi th, and well.skilled iu
the treatm
nt of horses. 80m3 tlm3 after,
a situation openeò out for him III th
town
vf York as there were British troop3 sta.
tioned ther
, and a troop of horse. He was
.ent for by Governor Simcoe, who appointed
him in char
e a!l a veterinary surgeon to the
horsf's belonging to the Gunson, and to do
the Government blackflm:th work. He gave
him a grant ot two hundred acres of land for
himself and thesau:e to each of his children,
but from tlu' wihlapp
a;ance of the country,
he p'ac
d but little va'ue on the land. and
consequently secured but two hundred acres
situated III the Township of Vaug-han, front-
ing on Y ouge street, Lwe1\-e miles from
York, He arrived at York in 1793,
Fl.om the presE'nt standpoint, It would be
very difficult for a strauger on entering our
beautiful c:ty, to form a just concep'ion of
the appearanc
0 York at that period, 'In-
less he were able to take into the scop
of
his imagination toe vast amount of improve.
Jnents going on trom time to t
me in filling
up and levelling. along with the drainage,
and the .oil brought in to fill up the tront-
aile from the gra"p of the mar.iln. now called
the E'!Iplan::.de. York at that tim
was a
.mall hamlet, nUDlbenl;
about fou.. hundred

inhaoitants, in close proximity to and welt
of the D,m. The dwellingR were principally
cons
ructed of logs, the js-mings p!aslered
\l'ith coarse mortar. The rlre places were
usually broad, built up with stone attne b3se,
to the height of six feet, the balancE' fre-
quently \1"1t:! small bricks with a
radual
slope to the CE'ntl'e, aud thickly coated with
plaster inside. Its annual incre'1se in popu-
lation tl:rough immigration was "t'ry small.
It llad more the colouring of a military øta-
tion in the eyes of its inhabitants, than the
future home of thous,mds ot intellu!"ent
bein
s. It was surrounded bv thousands of
the wild denizens of the forest, who were
looking WIth jealousy on the encroachmeilt
of the whIte m
n on t heir hunting grounds.
Itli' location had a low, sw;,mpy :;ppear.
ance, and the \unt of drainaS!e, along with
tbe dead a!1d motionless walerl! of the Don,
caused the prevalence of dIsease. Among
th(> most prevalent was the fever and ague,
a ling2ring malady, though not. in many
cases fa
al, yet it depres
ed energy, and by
its f equent attacks, it scldo!l1 failed in
breakmg tne constitutions of its victims.
Its surroundings were lonely in the extreme
to the newlY-!irrivcd E'migrant. surrounded
as it waS by dense forests, that the wild
beasts claimeè. as tbeir domain. One of th

settlers' lJi
h:' enterta"nments was the
croaking of the thousands of trogs that in-
fested the locality. That was termed the
"Canadian B:HJd:" and it, together with
the screeching 0' the owl and the lynx, ard
the howling of w
lves, and other discordal1t
notes, 1II<1,de it ?nything but p
easant when
peaceful slumber was sought. Among the
trials the s
ttler8 had to conteud with and
not the least, was the attack of the mOt>-
quito, though small in stature, owing to the
couu!less liumbers that swarmed in Eovery di-
rection, and their thi:'st Ïor blood, aud their
long bills, so well-arl"p'ed to cntf'r th pores
of the skin, and their constant attacks on
man, woman and child, esp "cially at night,
it became l1ecessary to make bonfil'f;s in
'front ot the dweliings to create smoke to
pr,ovent their entrance.
Y onge street at that time comprised what
was c:111ed a bush road goinir ziJ!z'lS! to es-
cape the fores
trees, lond othenmpediments
on the line of an Indian trail. Dotted here
and there mIght be seen the location of a
hardy pioneer, whose axa had 01 Ide !J t'mall
op2ning in th
forest, an
the smok
of
whose log cabm, covered with bark, might
be seen winriil1g its way throu2h tbe
branches of thc surrounding treet!, Thi

was aninter('s
in
road-pleu dful were deer.
bears, wolves, lyn:x alld other gamp, but if
bt'ni
hted in the forest, the traveller would
find but poor protE'ction fr. m hiø i:'UD.

LANDMARK8 OF TORONTO.

,gainst the attacks of the ravenous 'Wolves
that infested the locality,
Soon after the war of 1812, William lbn-
ter moved from York to his farm at Thorn-
hill, having built his house and shop dlrt'ct-
ly opposite to the residence o
the late
Squire Parsons, lat
erly a partner In the firm
ot Thorne & Parsons, \vhe:'e be carried on ti.e
blackemith nusinp.ss for a numb
r of yearfo.
I might ha\"e mentioned the busincs
of the
firm 'of Tuorne & Pal8ons, b cause they wert!
very extensive dealers in B )ur and merchan-
dise, running two or foree Buur mills, and
the largest tannery in Anlf'!rica, exportm,g
fJ 'ur very
xtensively to EIJ
land. Owing
t. the many dangers threa eUl11g the sparse-
ly scattereC: settlers throug\l th'3 forest by
the Indian!', it was necessary to keep on
goad terms with those who watched closely
the movements of thE' settleri!, and mi
ht a

any moment brf'ak out with treacherous de-
s1gns. Hunter was not slow in realIzing
tbe situahon, and embracE:d eve
'y eppor.u-
nity, by good officI's and kindness, to secure
their frielld:;hip. In this he succ
ed,.d in a
relllc.rkabie degree. In carrying ou
his
pOlicy he had to submit to mnch unpleasant-
ness, owiug to the bold and uneultiy,\ted
state of the Indians wuo m)de it convenient
to visit him very often 011 their ramblcs,
and often at night, when for his own eoO\"e-
llieDce, he would leaYe the ki tchen door un-
bolted W:1en retiring, the Indians would
qUietly enter and iie down until morning,
when, 011 risinco, he would give them some-
thing to eat. and th-:y would go on their
way rejoicmi, and often shed tears of
r<1ti-
tude as they said good-bye to Fati.er HUll'
ter. On various uccaSlons they e,,-hibl ed
fea1;s ot skill in th:>ir wild (ta T lles and ex,)r-
tions, in wiJich they were famous. At a cer-
tain 8eason of the year, they made th ir
encampment near this place for the purpose
of huntin
for furs, and
ame, along the
banks of the creeK that Bowed through and
crossed Yonge street at this pOIDt, whic;

was a large body of water, at tha.t t;me the
main tributary of the Don, but owing to tbe
removal of the forest and other caus(;:s, the
s:rpam has been greatly reòuc3d, The first
lumbering trade in the p:'ovmc
was com.
menced on this stream.
Th
settlement of Ihose unbroken forests
was very slow, as none but the most cou.
Ta
eoUS and persevering would stand any
chanoð Qf SUCc
S'l. After all tha: is saId oi
the trials the pioneer farmer under-goes
which are Terv Jtreat, they 'Were th
hap:
pi
st <:ommuDity in the country. Friend-
sh1p w1th themwas a necessity. TI,evmade
it their platfor.n. They !aid hold of
t and

ril.ctically i
grew up with them th;Ol1Kh
life, and III those oaSes where necessity was

713

: he on1y propeìling power in society, by
constant exercise it soon becam
a virtue.
and Wl\8 transmitted throu
h tllt'ir coming

enerations. No one farmer could stand
aloof, and say to his neigh bou!" farmer
.. I will not Viant thy assIstance at any
ti.ne." F
r illustration, I will give you a
sketch of the first process of clearing land,
The sam
neci'ssity crops up in othe
deplrt-
ments of farming. Smith gOES on hi:! ,.,.ild
bURh fs.rm, Hs commences underb: ushing.
then ch
pping down the treES, and eu -tln

them up into prop
r lengths, trimming and
p:ling the bush, until he accomp:ishes in
,his way as many acres as he desires. He
lets the timb!r lie for drying purposes until
the prop
r time arrives for lo
gingand burn-
ing-. Tile thought n::\Ter occurs tome "How
will I vet all this done!" hut when the
propt:r tIme arrIVPS he go
s and invites his
ll
ighbours to his logging bee on such a day,
Theyall arrive on timE' and king with them
tW'J or m0re yoke of ox 'n, with a stron

chain attachcå to each \'oke. The\' are all
practical men. they d
vide the ;hoppiDJ;!,
divide the men into twog<1.n

,choose a fore-
ma.n for each, and commcnce busines
. It re,
quires abou t four men to one yoke of oxen.
The end of the chain is attached to the end
of one or more log;; at a time, aud drawn by
the oxen where th
pile is tlJ be fÙl'm:Jd,
and <:ach leg rolleù by the lD
n up; fOl'mmg
a hnge pile, some six or eIght feet high. So
onward they go, clearing the ground oflogs,
until all is in piles, ready for burning, and
thpn they ail have a jolly tim
at Bro.
Smith's at night. Thus th.-y continu
[0
assist each olher, aHema'ely building up a
Me-long friendship that but few el1jJY in
any ooher station in life,
It was natural lor the hard-wrought set-
tlers to have entertainmf'nt occasiona'ly of
oue kind or another, as a ciiallcoe from the
loneliness of these surroundings, so at a
mee'iog it was de:ermined to have a holi-
day fo:" games and other amU.3ements, with
all Indian war dance at nigilt, and Mr. Hun-
ter WaS reques ed to invite the chlPf of the
tribe to bnng down from the O,lk Rirl'te., a
company of his braves on the niJ!'ht in ques-
"Ion. Hunter accordin
ly
pnt a mCE>SeUR;er
to in
orm him, and the invitation was ac-
cepted, to take place on tile forowing week.
\Vhen the day arrived. eYe!'ythillg wen
off
satisfactorily, but the interest waS concen-
trated on the night p
rformance. Tile In-
dians were thé're on time, a large t:oop of
them, about one hundred warriors, headed
by t heir chief, dothed in their warcJstume.
wi h painted facel1, a!'med witb kUlves, and
toR1ahawk3, the savag s form,lI
themselves
around a la"g
b,'nfire. Toe scenes enacted
cn that mem0rahb D1
h t belZgudesc:'ip
ion.

714

LANDMARKS OF 'IORONTO

It par:ook oi the character of a sham fillht,
with an the heinousness of Indian warfart',
wavÍ1Jg th, ir hatchets, and striking at each
other, but with snch t-xact skill as not to
injure each other in the slightest dE'gree,
also imitating the process of scalping with
thdr knives, Their face. be1D
striped with
the juice of the Indian berry, from the light
of the fire, had the appearance of streall1mg
blood. Their wild tjacl}]ations and ut:er-
ings, as they danced to and fro arûund the
fire, the shrill echo ot the war-whoop re-
lJounding :.hrough the forest trees, added
fearfully to the harrors of the scene. At
the close the Indians were supplied with
provisions, and enc:lmped at the fire until
the break of day. when they retired quietly
to their woodland retrE'at.
As time advanc d the number of the set-
tlers increasfd. The dread of the Indians
iradlla ly subsidtd, as experÏel:ca provl d
that the Indian. thou
h a dal1gerüusenemy,
by kind and
enerOlts treatment wculd con-
tinue a trusty fw nd of the white man.
To resume -Dr. Scaddmg's ltarrative-An-
other man of mark associat{d wIth Thûrn-
hill in Its palmy days, W1:S the Rev. Oeo.
1\Iorl1mer, for a series d years t he pastor
of the Eng:ish cnnfr..gation there. An
earlier incumbent (If the gq
'jsh church at
Thornhill, .va'! the R-
v, Isaac Fidler. l'h;s

ent eman rt'ndered famolls the fc::me of his
Canadian m'ni3try, as well as his l':::p
ri.
ences in the United StatEs, b
- a book, which
in its day wns a
ood deal read. It was
entitled .. Obscl'vatiolls on Pr(1fessioD!i', Lit-
erah 1 ,re, Manners and Emigration 111 the
United Sta:esandCanada." .Mr. FiJlerwas
a remarkable person, of a tall, 'Yes more-
land mould, resembllD
thecommonpictuflB
of Wordsworth, He was somewhat pecu-
liar in his dress, we:.ring always an ex-
tremely high shirt collar, very conppicnous
round the whole c.,f his mck, formiml: a kind
of spreadil'g white socket, in whlcl)' rested
and r
vohYed a bead, bald, egg-sh:;ped and
Epectaclcd. B sirles being scholarly in the
modE:rn sensE', :Mr, F,d:er possessed the morC'
ur.common accompli!;hmellt of a familiarity
with the Oriental bnguages,
In his book, he
iVlS the narratIve (If t èe
overturn of a family party on t heir way
hom
from chureh. The chario
eer was the
intended rout hful bridegroûm of oue of tbe
your
lal l les ûf the party, The horses be-

ame IE'sS manageable every moment, but
mirt-h :lIId joculalÌty prtvail. d among the
party, wholly inapprehensive (If danRer.
The carr:age was o\'erturned and the lad:es
and gentlemen :..rundled out of it like rollin

pins. Nubody was hurt in the least for the
mud Wa3 so soft that they were emblC1dedm
it. DI'. Seaddil1
tells ûf his C) p, rience

when l fficiating one bright summer morn in
the Thornhill chlll ch. ,. A farmer's horse,
that had been roa ming leisurely about nn
adjoining field, suddenly tOClk a fancy to th

ohady interior d
sclosed by the wide-op n
doors of the sacr,'d building. Before the
churchwa.rdens or anyone else could makE'
OUt what the clattel" meant, the creature
was well up the cen
ral pa
sage of the nav
.
Then hecomiogatfl'ighted, its ejection was an
awkward affair calling for taCt and manæu..
vrin
. "
Tbe En
lish church at Thornhill bas bad
g,nother incumbent, not undistinguished in
lIterature, the Rev. E. H. Dewar, author
of a work published at Odo: d, in 1844, on
the theol()
y of Modern Germany. Ii; is in
the form of letters to a friend, anà is enti-
tled .. Germ'lll Protestan:i
m and the RIght
of PrlY'ate Judgment in the InterpretatIOn
of Holy S
rjp me." The author's former
position as chaplain to the British residents
at Hamburg, gave him facilities for hfcom-
ing acqtlainted with the state of German
theology. Mr. D
war diE'd at TbornhiIJ,
in 1862. The incumb nt., who preceded Mr.
D_war, was the R
v. Dominic E. Blake,
brother oi Mr. Chancp.l1or Blak
, a clergy-
mw, also of sUJJerior talents. Previous to
his emigrat:oll to Canada in 1832. he harl
been a cumle in the county of :Mayo. He
died suddenly in 1859.
It is curious' 0 observe that in 1798, sal-
mon ascendpd tile waterIJ of the Von to this
po
nt on YOl1ge street. Among the rCCGm-
mcndations of a farm about to be df<,red for
sale, the "xistence thereon of an excerent
salmon fishery, large enough to support a
number of families, is n'\med.
As we move on from Thornhill with
Vaughan on the left, and :Markham on the
r;ght, the nam
of another ra.ther memora.
ble, eady missionary r('curs, whose memory
is associa:ed with both these tr.wnship
-
Vincent Philip
Ieyerh( Iff.r.
Ir. Meyer-
I,offer was a Hung:lrian, born at; R1.ab, in
1784, and had been orda.ined a Presbyter in
the National l.ihurch of Austria. 011 em i-
"ra.tinK to the United
tates, he being him-
self, a Francitscan, fe 11 ill to some ù :spu teE-
with the Jf'sui ' 'I, at Philarlelphia, and with-
drew from the Lltin Commuuion
nd at-
tached hlmsE'1f m compr:ny with a fellow
Presbyter, named Huber, to the Luthffan
Reformed. As a rt'col'l:iz
d minister of that
b.1dy. he came on to Buffalo, where he offi-
ciRted :or four y,.ars to thrle congregations

yisitil g at the same hmf', occasionally, a
congreg,\tiou on the C,mada side of the river
at L:meridg<'. He, here for tile first timE',
bpgan the s udV of th
English lan
uagp.
Coming now into contact with the clergy of
the Angìican communion, he, finally re...

LA
DàIARKS OF TO.1
ONTO.

715

soh'ed to conform to the AnJ:!lican chu
ch I and the pro
ec iO:l fit the mouth a little mO
e
I),n,1 was sent by nishop Stewa-rt, of Quebec. p
onounced in Elias Howe, I h
medallions
to the German settlement in Markham and of that p"rEona",e would
ive a
eneral idea
Vaughan. Here he officiated for twenty of M '. Meym hotIer's- p: ofile and head.
years, bui!ding in that interval St. In his youu/ler days, he harl acquired
Stt-pnen's church. in Vd.ul{
a\1, St. PhIlip's, som
medical knowledge whict.
t)od h;m ill
in the th:rd conceuion of Ma
kham, and good S'I a I for a time ;!.t PhiJade phia, when
the church in Markham Y'lllag
, and es- he and Hub, r fir!!t renounced the L9.tin
tab!ishin
a permanent congregation at 6acr.. dogmat'l. His taste for the he.aling art was
He was a yigo
ous, stirring prt:;acher in his slIghtly indnlged, even after the removal !o
acquired English langua
e, as wdl as in his Canada, I\S will be seen from an ad\'er i
c...
ver118cubr G
rman. He possessed also, a ment, which :1ppearf-d in the Cturier of F., b.
colloquial knowlcdge of L1.tin. which is stiH 29th, 1832. It is headed thus: .J Thc us e
a spokf}n 18nguaJ;t
in part of Hungs! y. He and J.irection of the new invent. d and never-
was a man of energy to the last, ever cheer- failin't \Vonåer Salve by D. V. p, .Meyer-
ful in f>pirit and aboundmg m anecdotes, hoffer, of Markham, U. C" H. D., 5:h con-
per60nal or otherwise. During the Nap.J- cession. " The advertisement then goes on
leonic wars, he was II Fieid Chaplain of the to say that the salve is good tOT burns. old
Imperial Infantry Regiment, No. 60, of the wounds, teller worms, and 90 forth. Testi.
Line," and accompanied the A
Istrian COI;' fying to i!8 worth are tbp. foi
owlD
: "In
tin
e!lt of 40,000 men fUl"nished to Nap:>' :Markham, Mr. Philip Eckhardr, jun. : do.
leon by the Emperor of Aus:r!a. He was do, sen, ; Gotlicb Eckhardt, Abraham Eek-
afterward, wben the Austrian Emp3ror hardt, John Pingel, jun,; Mr. L:1.ng, Mr.
broke away from N<lpoleon, taken pnsoner Larga, John Pel'kins, John Scha
, Ch
lr,es
with five regiments of the hne, and sent to P, terson, Luke Stantenkongh, Peter March.
Dresden and I\hyence. He waIJ at tlJe lat
In Vaughan, Jacob Fritcher, D,mit-l Stang,
ter place, when the battle of Leipsic WaiJ R.'commended by Dr. Bald win of York.
:ought OJt. 16, 17, 18, 19, 1813. He now The medici:lc is to be had in tåe E!,zhti1
lett
by
nce without leave, the plague conc ssion ot
Iarkham. callerl Riar
town,
breakmJ:! out then. and got to Oppenheim, hy Sinclair .110 den, in the fifth concession
wilcn " G3rman Presbyter, named Muller, by ChrIstopher He\'elin a l 1d T. Amo!', in the
concealed him till toe departure of the town of York In J. RalJwiu's and S, Barn-
French out of the town. After several ad- ham's stores on Yoq
e stuet by Pal sons and
ventures, he found his way back to the Thorne. Price cf a box, two lhi,lings and
quartet s of his regiment. now actmg in the
ixp nce currency."
anti,French interest at Mannheim, where he
Illitary associations hun", about the land
duly reported him!'elf and was we!l received.
o the right and left of Richmond Hill. ihe
After the war, from the year 1816, h(
had original possefsor ot Lot No. 22, on the west
for three years the pas
oral charge oi KI:n
- side, was Cap
ain D"niel C
,z 'DS, a. gl nUe..
el1minster, in the dircl'se of Strasburg. He
an who took a very active part in opposi.
died at Whitby in 1859. A memoir or ,Mr. t;on to the revolution
ry movement, which
Meyerhcffèr has be('n ptinterl, aJld it bears resul:ed in the u:dependence of the United
the following tille, "Twelye Years a Rc)man States. H
raised a.t his (,wn expfnse a
Catnolic Priest, or the At1t(,biû
raphy of The company of native soldiÈrs in the R ,yalist
RE:Y, V. P. Meyerhcffer, M. A., late M1Ii- interest and suffered : hß confiscation of a
tary Chap'am to the Austrian Army, and consiùerable estate in New Jl rsey. Thlee
Grand Chap.ain of the Orders of Free thcusand acrfS in Up,er Canada were sub.
Masons and 0 at1gemen of Canada, B.N,A" srquently
rant(d him by thç Bt.itísh Crown.
contaminJ!: an account of his career as Mih- His sons, Dan:el and Shivers, also receiY'ed
Tary Chaplain. Monk of the Order of S.
ran.
. Samuel d:ed ot a fit at YOtk, in
FraLci.,and Cler
yman of the Church ûf 1808, but S
;ivers rPlumed to New Jers,y
England, in Vau
han, MarkhJm and
nd {lied therp, Where family c:mnrxions of
Whitby, C. 'Y." Capt=,in C(z
ns, still mtviVt'. There lure
He had a J?usical voitJe WhICh had been amon
st them a tradition, lhat C
p
ain
properly cultIva.
eò. This, he used to 8ay, Cozpns bUllt the first house in our Canadian
was a 80
rce of reVenue to him in the early York. We observe in an early p'an of York,
part of hIS public career, those c
ergy being the name of Shiv
rs C(Jz
tlS, on No. 23, in
in requcst and receiv:ng a higher rt:munera. Block E, cn the south
ide of Km
street,
tion, who 1'1 ere able to sing toe SHyic
in a tÌ1e n3m
of B:.:nj .min Cliz
m, on No.5, on
superior manner, His feature" werl' strong- Market Square, and the name ot Captain
Iy marked and peculiar, p
rhap3 Mongolian Dadel Cczens, on No.4. Kin'C street (new
in type. ThEY were n0t, German. English or to\vn, north SIde, with the ùate ûf the g:-ant,
ItalIan, Were the oonc1lvit.y of tne nOle Ju"! 20 h, 1799. It ia thus quite likely

';'16

LA
D\lARKS OF TORO
TO

that Cap,ain C.)zens, or a mp.mber of his
family, put up bUlldin
s in York at a vpr}l

a If p?rJod. \Ve read in the Nia
ara Her
aId, of October 31, 1801, the f{.llowlIlg:
" Vierl on the 6 h ult., near Plulad<'Jpll1;J,
C,lptam D,lniel Coz
ns," and in toe Gazette
/I nn Oracle: .. Dep lrted I hi3 life, on tl;e
29 h ult., Mr. S m1Uel D. Coz
m:. one of the
firs'. illha1,)i,allts of this town (Yc1'k). HIs
remains were interred withMa::;onic honours
on the 31st."
Anothpr officer of the R
voluti nary era,
was the first owner and for l5everal vears,
the actual occupant of th
lot, immf'diate1v
oppo
ite nip. am COZ'3ilS, Tois was C Iptam
Richard Lippincott, a natin' of N,=w Jersey.
On the 12th April, 1782, C IPtain Lipp:n-
cott, aetll1g ullder auth01'il'. 01 the ., BJ'lrd
oi AS50cia'.d Loyalists ûf Kf'w YO!'k," (.xe.
cuted by hallgil;g Captaiu JOSIIU:l Huddy,
of the R
\.olutlOn1TY army. as an act of rrl-
taliation, Captain Huddy havillg summari,y
treated in the same way, a relati\'c of C.lp-
tain Vppineott's, PhilIp \Vhite, who was
surprised within the lines of the Rp.v:>lu "ion,
ary force, while on a stolerl visit 10 hi,
mother on ChrIstmas Day. Ou Huddy's
breast was fastened a piper, bearing the
'Vo!'ds: "Up g )es Huddy tor Philip White, ,J
\Vhen the surrender of Capt. L:ppincott
was re used by the Royalist autilOrities,
'\Vashington ordered the l'xecu tion of an of.
fleer of equal rank, to b. selected by lor, ou \;
of tl
e pn80ners in his hands. Tne lot fell
on Capr, Charles Asgi1l, of the Guards. a
ed
0nly nineteen. He was re>>pited, however,
unti! the i"sue r,f a cou:.t,martia.l, p omised
to be heid 011 C.lpt. L. ppincott, shcluld bi!
kllown. The court acq'litted, and C I p:ail1
Asgill only narrowly fS'Jap
d the fate of
Andre, throug 1 pr0mp
intervention on
the put of the Frellch Government. Tne
French Minister ûf State, the Count de Vcr

t'nnes, to whom .. here had been time for
L-ldy AsgiJI, th Captain's mother, to ap"
peal, recPIved dircctions to ask hIs release
in the conjoint names of the King lind Queen,
as .. a trihute to humanity," 'Vashillgtol1
I hought prop
r to accðõe to this r, q lIest,
but it wa.s Bot until the followinc year,
when the R>vo
utiollarvstrug
le ended, that
A"gill and Lippincott \
'ere set at liber
y.
The former li.,ed to succeed to his father's
bHonetcy and to become a General I fficer,
Cl'lonel O'Hara. of Toronto, remembered
dining at a table, when a General Sir Charles
Asgill was pointed ou
10 him as havin
b
en
during the American R
volutionary '\Var,
u:1der sentpnce of death, condemned by
General Washmgton lobe hanged in the
pilice of ano'IH'r person.
C .ptain Lippincott received f[,o'n the
C[Own, three thousand ae es in Upper

Canada. He surdy-ed until tiJe vear 11;26
when aged 81, and after enj.yil;g half
pa,
for 3. period of forty-three years, he expired
at the house of his son-in-law, in York.
ColoncJ G,!orge Tay:or Denison, who give tc
lIisown eldest 8011, Richard Vppir.cott D 'ni.
son, C
ptain Vppincott's Jlamp. A few
mIles further 011. namely, in North ano E-\st
Gwillimbury, General B
nedict Arnold,
known among United States citizens as "the
traitor," received a grant of five thounnd
acres,
A short distance bevond Richmond Hill.
Was the abode of Cõlonel Moodie on thë
right, <iistwgUlshed by a flag ataff in frout
of it, after the cUitom in Lower C marla,
whcn an officel"s house used to be known ill
tHa way. C,}lonel MoodIe's title came from
Ids rank In the re
ular army. He had heen
Veut.-Colonel of thl:: 104th R 'g:ment and
had ser\'ed in the Peninsular war and in the
R
vo'utionary war. He was shot in 1837,
while attempting to rid
past Mont
ome:y's
ho
el, regardless of the insurgent challenge
to stop,
At a cer
ain p. ri0d in the history of
Yonge street, as, indeeò, of all the leadin

horoughfares of Upper Can:lda about 1830,
33. a frequent sir.n that prop3rty had
cllallged hauds, and that a second wa\'e of
p Jpulati"n wa.s roHing, was the springing
up at I11terva]s of houses of an improved
style, with surronndin'{s, lawns, Elleltering
plantations, willdIng drives, well-construct-
ed entrance ga
es, and so on, indicatiu{! an
app 'eciatlOu of tIle elegant and c0mfortabJe.
A little way Leyolld Richmond Hiil on the
lefr. were two initauccs of this: cosy, Eng-
lish looking re"ide:1ces, no' far aparr, "ith
a cluster of appurt
uances round each, the
hOffi!s of L1.rr'ltt Smith and Francis ñovd,
both of whom had Eettled with their faim-
lies in 1836 !\Ir, Smith had been p:'evious-
ly In Canad'1 in a military cr.p:lCity, during
the war of 1812,13, and tor molny years suh.
I3pl]uen t ly, he had b
en ChIef Comm!ssary,
of the Fjeld Train Dcp Irtment, and Pay'"
master of the Ar ill"ry. lb died at S)uth-
ampton In 1860, Mr. Boyd, who emigrated
hither from the coun:y of Kent, was ono of
the first in thes
parts to impo!'t from Eng-
land, improved breeds of c Ittle. In his
houie was to bJ seen a collection of realI,
fine paintioQ'>1, amongst thE:m a Bolbein, a
Tenier", a. Domlf1ichino, a Smirke, a \Vilkie
and two HoraCJ Veroets. The families of
Mr. Boyd and Mr. Smith were related by
marria
e. Mr. Boyd died in Toronto in
1861.
It was in this house that Kinnear waS
murdered in 1843 Bond's Lake, near by.
was named from \V. !lond, a gardener near
York, in ) 800.

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

717

.

CHAPTER CCXIIL
THE ROYAL CANADIANS.

CHAP] ER CCXIV,
TORONTO HIGHLANDERS.

InppleJUentnry Details-The Quallficnt1nnll Th '
JC ulred by
aß(lldate. for {;olumls. e OrIgInal BlEb. and Rlftt> Company-Itll
SI

lf4. I Orl
ln and Its U.lDcerll.
'1 here are things le88 likely to .ha.ppen I
early thirty-eight years IIg0, in the
than this, that at some future perIod tbe I spnIl
or early summer of 1856, several of
Cana.dian Dominion may raise, as Upper and the then residents in Toronto" ho were of
Lower Canada did in 1858, a regiment for I Scottish birth or extraction decided to en-
general service in the British dominions. I rol themselves (could they get permission
It may therefore p ove not uninteresting and procure officers), as rifle volunteers, and
to mlmy re ,del's if they learn what was reo form a company to be known as the
qui red from the gentlemen whü in 1858 1 Hi
hland Company, ,,'ho wer
to have the
Bought to obtain comm\ssions higher than same uniform as the Scotch regiments of the
that ot ensign in the) OOth Regiment. I Hritisb army.
'1 he following is an extract from the This idea was eventually carried out,
Archives department at Ottawa, of the pro- I though their tunics were
reen, instead of
ceedings, in one case, which IS a fair sample: red, as thol!!e of the 48th are to. day (1893).
of a.ll, of the Board of Examiners: - I. T11ere .w
s s01l1e little difficulty at first
Proceedings of a Board of Officers, as-. lD obtallllDg officers, not from lack of
sembled by order of His Excellency Lieut. I material but because tJO many of those who
General Sir William Eyre, K. C. ß., com- I I were willing to accept commissions had had
manrling the troops in British Nor"th Amer- no pre\-ious military training.
ica} for the purpose of examinbg for com- .Eventually the command was offered to
miesions in her
hjesty's 100th or Prince of I Mr. Alexander
Jortimer Smith, who,happi-
\Val
s' Royal Ca.nadian Regiment.. ly, still sun-ives, and whell he had accepted
Montreal, 6th May, 1858. it everyone wondered why he had not
President-Col. Orde, comma'lding Royal been asked in the first place.
Engineers. I I Captain Smith was a born soldier, ø.nd to
Members-Capt. Gallwey, c_ Royal En- this day takes the keenest interest in milítary
lZiueers; Rev. L. J, Rogers, Assistant I matters He joined the 93rd Highlanders
Chaplain to the Forces. . in 1836, when he was a mere youth, came to
1fr. Brown \V allis appeared before the I this country in 1838. and sened throughout
Board as a. candidate for a lieutellant'ð com, I the Canadian rebellion. In 1840, listening
mission in the 100th Regiment. to the advice of his friends in Scotland, he

1r. Brown \Yallis is acting adjutant of purchased his du
charge and entered upon
the Durham Light Cavalry, and also holds commercial pUI'suits, but his heart was al-
a commission as captain in the sedentary ways with the army, and he gladly under-
militia. took the command when it was offered to
'1 he Board, ha\-ing put .. few general him.
questions to }oIl'. BrO\vn \Vallis, is of opin. When the 100th Regiment was raised, so
ion that he is well qualified for lieutenancy highly did Colonel de Rottenbu!g, who waB
in her
l ",jesty's army, and beg to recom- the A G. of Militia in Upper C":ltlda, appre-
mend him for such. ciate Capt. Smith that he wished him to be
(Signed) W. R. ORDE, Colonel, I\ppointed to a captaincy in that regiment,
Commanding Royal Engineers. hut circumst IDces were otherwise not pro-
J. L. GALLWEY, Captain, pitious, and Captain Smith rema.ined in To-
c. RoVal Engineers. ronto.
E. J. ROGERS, The other officers were Alexander T. Ful-
Asst. Chaplain to the Forces. ton, who was lieutenant, and John Uardi.
Approved. I ner, formerly of the 7Ist Regiment, was en-
WYII. EYRE, Lieut. Gen'l, I sign.
Commanding tbe Forces in B N. America, i Th", men of the company were remarkable
Headquarters: I for their fine appearance, for the readinf'6s
Mon:real, 6th
lav, 1858. I with which they acquired their drill and for
This Mr. Brown Wallis was for some short' their steadiness on parade.
time acting adjutant of a deta.chment of Eventually the company W&S merged in
the regiment under command of Major the Queen's Own Rifles after an indepell(,ent
!Junn, V.C. He retired from the army in Cdoreer of about eight Yf!ars, There are few
1863 and now resides in Ottawa. He is bygone things that were more creditable
one of the very few survi\"ors of the onginal to Toronto than was the Hi
hland Com.
officers of the re
iment. pany.

II

718

LAND
IA RKS OF TORONTO.

formed into a rt:gular fortress of stone, memo
orable as being the first military work
on Lake Ontario whence waved the flag. of
England.
One of 'he Early Traflln2 PO!ltll-Ereete. The effect oi the English trading-post at
.'-bont 17-t9'50--Known as For' &onnle-.&. the entr..nce of the Oswego river was Boon
"ery Full DelierlpUoo. felt by the French traffickers in furs at Furtl
The venerable Dr. Scadding prepared lome Niagara and Frontenac ; and it became mani.
years ago a sl,etch and compilation from festly important that something should b.
various sources of the history of the old done to neutralize, as far as possible, this un.
French trading post known as .Fort ROl1ille, welcome interference with the usual current
which was located at the south-weilt corner of trade.
of the present lmlustrial Exhibition
roullds, THE OJ,D FRENCH FORT FOUNDED.
jll'St where Dufferin street runs into the In an official Journal or Report on Cana-
lake. The account is interesting, contain- dian affairs transmitted to France in 1749,
ina as it dOf!s references to Toronto and its by the Governor-General of the day, the
sit';, by the early historianR. Dr. Sca.ùding Count de 180 Galissoniere, the Government
ha.s made the sketch 8.9 accurate as possible of Louis XV was infOimed that direl'ions
by consulting every available authority. had been given for the building of a. 8tockað
REASON OF THE OLD FRENCH FORT'S EX. or store-house at Toronto-so the" pasa
ISTEKCE. here between the lakes Ontario a.nd H uroll
The domain of the Five Nations of the was a.t this time styled. "On being in.
Iroquois Indians, which exte!lded along the formed," the Report says, "that th.
whole of the south side of Lake Ontario, northern Indians ordinarily went to Choue
was, for a time, regarded, in theory at least, guen with their pel tries by way of Toronto
as neutral ground bV the French of New on the north-west side of Lake Ontario
France and the English of New England. twenty-five leagues from Niagard. and seven
But both Freneh and English soon shewed tv-five from Fort Frontenac, it wa
a. desire to obtain .. good foothold there, thought a.dvisable to establish a post at that
first for the purpose of trade, and secondly place, and to send thither an officer, 15 sol-
with a view, it canoot be doubted, to ulti- diers and some workmen, to construct a small
mate posses'!ion by treaty or otherwise. stockade fort there." (See Paris Do::uments,
By permis!:ion of the neighbouring abo- Colonial History, State of New York, vol.
rigmes, La.
alle, in 1679, erected a small X., p. 201. Albany, 1858, 4to). The name
stockade at the mouth of the Nia
ara River, of the officer sent on this service was Port-
to be simply a. temporary receptacle for pel- neuf.
tries brought down Íl'om Michilimackinac The authorities at Vereailles were always
and Detroit, by way of Lake Erie, and a clloutioning the
oyernors of Canll.da against
store-house lor goods to be offered in ex- , expem'!e. Gali aoniere therefore thinks it
change for tbe same; which stockade, by prudent to observe: .. The expense will
1725, had become the stron
, solid fortress n(>
be great: the timber is transpol'ted
which, with some enlargements, we see to- there, and the remaining requisites wiil be
day in good condition, comma.nding the com- conveyed by the barques belonging to Fort
munication between the lakes Ontario ð.nd Frontenac." He then shews how the new
Erie. Had Fort Toronto been longer-lived post m8Y be sustained and how its main ob-
than it was, it would have become, without ject can be secured. .. Too much care," he
doubt, in a short time an armed military es- sa.ys," c Innot be taken to prevent those
tablishment, like the other posts. India.ns (from the north) continuing their
Following the French example, Governor trade with the En
lish ; and to furnish them
Burnett, of the province of New York, after at this post with all their necessarIeS, even
obtaining a nominal permission from the as cheap as at Chouegue!1, Messrs, de la
Iroquois, established, in 1722, a small store- Jonquiere and Bigot," it is added, .. will
house or trading post on the west side of the permit some cano
. to go there on license,
entrance to the River Oswego, a stream by amI will a.pply the fands as a gratuity to
WhICh a. communication could be convenient- the officer in command there."
loreover,
ly maintained between tbe wa.ters of Lake it is said, directions must be gi,"en to regu-
Ontario and those of the
Iohawk river, the late the prices at the other posts. .. It will
Hudson and the sea. Its ostensible pur- be necessary to ordpr the commandants at
pose was, at t-h.. outset, the same as that Detroit, Kiagara and }-'ort Frontenac, to be
of La. Sa.Ile's enclosure at the mouth ûf the careful that the traders and store-keepers of
Nla.lZar3.; but In 1728, Governor Burnett those posts furnish 200dø for two or three
took care, again after the :French example, vears -to come, at 'the same rate as the
that the simple stockade should be trans- E>lglish; by this means the Indians will

CHAPTER CCXV.
THE OLD FRENCH FORT.

LANUMARKS OF TORONTO.

719

disaccustom tht>msel ves from going to
Chouegnen, and the English will be obliged
to abandon that place." (It is scarcely ne

cessary to say that Choueguen is the IRme
name as O.-5wego, with an initial syllø.ble
dropped and a final n retained. 'fhe.M. de
180 Jonqniere mentioned is Gali8soniere'li suc-
cessor, just arrived, and M. Bigot is his
co.adJutor or Intendant, as tbe expression
was It may be mentioned that a fort at
the U pass at. Toronto" had been suggested
some years before, namely, in 1686, by GO\'-
ernor-General de Denonville, Lut its situa-
tion 1\'a9 to bave been at the Lake Huron
end of the II pass," and ot a military char-
acter, 80 that English men, should they
chance to trespass that wa}, might .. have
some one to speak to," No action, however,
wa.s taken on the su
gestiDn)
As to the form and size of the for
at
Toronto erected in lí49, we obtain very
precise information in the .. Memoir upon
the late War in North America, in 1739,60,"
by Capt .Pouchot, the last French com-
mandant at Fort :N iagara. "The Fort of
Toronto," Pouchot says (p. 119, vol. II,),
" is at the end of the Bay (i, e. west end),
on the side which is quite elevated, amI.
covered (i. e. prutected) by fiat rock, so
that vessels cannot approach within can-
non ,shot, II The rock that crops up just
below the site of th", fort, in flat sheets, is
very conspicuou3 when the lake is calm,
Pouchot had seen the fort, but he \\-rites in
the past tense, after its destruction II Tbis
fort or post," he says, U was a square about
thirty toises (180 feet) on a side externally,
with flanks of fifteen feet, The curtains
formed the buildings of the fort. It, was
very well huilt, piece upon piece; but. waS
only useful for trade, A league west of the
fort," he adds, "iø the mouth of the
Toronto river, which is of considerable size,
'[his river communicates with Lake Huron
by eo portage of fifteen league., and is fre-
quented by the Indians who come from the
North." (The Humber was known then
as the Toronto river, because it led north-
wa.rd towards Lake Toronto (i. e. Lake
Simcoe), just a.s the Montreal river falling
into Lake Superior wa. so styled because
it indicated one of the ca.noe routes to Mon-
trea1, and as Canada Creek, a.n affluent of

he Mohawk river, W&8 tlO called, because
Ita chnnnel was a water-way northwards
towards Canada, For t.he sa.me reason
Matcheda.sh }
&y, on the old maps, was
Torc. mto Ba" (Baie de Toronto), as pene-
trOotmg far lDland towards Lake Toronto in
a. south-eastern direction; and similarly
e\'en the lakes forming the co
municati

with the River Trent and the Bay of Quinte
were collectively the c. Toror:.to lakes.") ,

\Ve learn from Capt. Gother Mann's now
celebrated C 1 Plan of the Proposed Toronto
Harbour," etc., dated" Quebec, 6th Dec.,
1788," that there were five buildings within
the stockade!. He delineated them dis-
tinctly in hi::! plan, as well as the bounds of
the quadrangle enclosed by the palisadcs.
The remains were the:! eo prominent to the
view and tangible as to justify tbe applica.
tion to them of the term ,I Ruins." The
group is labelled on his map, II Ruins of a
Trading Fort, Torontv." Probably in 1788,
when Gother Mann exOomined the spot, some
of the picke:a were still in position, and the
charred rem.ains of the cedar poStll which
supported the buildin_s would stIll be stand-
mg, These in later years had disappeared,
utilized as fuel, probably, by camping-parties
from time to time; but the long shallow
trenches where the paHsadeø bad been
planted in th3 ground, and the pits and ir-
regularities in the surface of the soil, shew-
ing in the usual way where buildings of
perishable materials had once been, were
very conspicuous' down to the yea.r 1878;
although by that time a good deal of the
spOoce once enclosed within the palisades had
fa.llen into the lake, (The writer himself
remembers when the area shewing the re-
mains of the old French fort was much
larger on the southern side than it was in
1878, through the extension of the cliff out
into the la.ke conslderably beyond the line
of the present shore. He also well remem-
bers a vertical øtain (as from decayed wood)
extending some way down 01\ the face of the
cliff w here the land had fllolJen off: this was
the place, as he believed, where the flag-
staff had been inserted in the
rol1od: also
a number of flag-stones from the adjoining
beach, roughly laid down on the surface of
the soil, where, as is likely, some great
wood-steve, or the o\'en of the fort, hOod
stood).
NAME ASD NATURE OF THE OLD FRENCH
FORT.
The name officiall)'conferred on the newly-
established post wa
Fort Rouille, in com-
pliment to Antoine Louis Remillc, Count
de Jouy, Colonial Ministerof Funce, 1749-
54, in succession to the Coun
Maurepas,
This Count de Jour was a distinguished per-
sonage, not only on account ot the many
high positions in the s:Oote which he had
LeJd, but u.lso by reason of his patronage of
literature. He was for a time at the head
of the Royal Library, and wu.s instrumental
in having translations made of De Thou.
Guicciardini, and other important writers.
(He died i I 1761). But, notwithstandin

the eminence of the Minister ill these several
directionø, his name as connected with the
new tradiug post on the shores of Toronto

720

LAND11ARK
OF TORONTO.

Bay quickly fell into disuse. The expresllion geon, and a store-keeper; and the number
Toronto was already familiar to the popular of canO
8 annually deHpatclu:d thither with
ear anil in the popular speech as denoting suppliea was tt:n; while at Fort Toronto
the important canoe.landin
near by, for there were only five soldiers, one officer, t.wo
the" pass at Toronto ;" and the post became sergeants, and a store-keeper; anJ the
commonly known as Fort Toronto. i. e. the number of canoes sent up with goods wa.s
trading-post at the Toronto landin
. By five. Each canoe ,Iestined for the western
that appel1ati
n it came to be
eneral1y forts was freighted with a cargo worth
spoken of very !!lOon after it was first es- about seven thousand French livres, and the
tabLished. In a despatch addressed by M. price given for good beaver was from three
de, Longueuil, Governor-General, to RouilIe livres ten sons to five Iivres per pound.
himself in 1752. we have both expressions As we have already seen, a considerable
used. f3peaking of a missin
soldier who supply of" effects" was required at Fort
had recently been sent with despatches Toronto to make it answer the purpose of
from the post of Niagara to t.he post of Fort its establishment. From the outset it was
Froiltenac (Kine-ston), via Toronto, he says: foreseen t.hat the business Jone then would
U The Commandant at Niagara, M. de la diminish that done at Forts Frontenac and
Levalterie, had detacbed a lioldier to con- NIagara, But it was argued: "If there
vey certain despatches to Fort Roui1le, with be less trade at these two last-mentioned
or:lers to the !!Itore-keeper at that post to forts, there will be less transportation ot
transmit them promptly to Montreal. It merchandise: what will be lost on the one
wa& not known," he then adds, "what be. 8ide will be gained on the other, and it will
came of that soldier. About that time," he amount to much the 8arne thing in the
continues "a Mississaga from Toronto ar. end. The King will even reap a great ad-
rived at Niagara, who informed M. de la vantage, if we. can accomplish the fall of
Levalterie that he had not seen tha.t soldier Choueguen by disgusting the Indians with
at the fort nor met with him on the way, thð.t place, and this can be effected only by
It is to be feared that he has been kiJ.led selling cheap to them."
by the Indians, and the despatches carrie 1 Season after season then, for ten years,
to the English." Then in a passuge of the we may suppose t\ great variety of scenes
same communication, which will be given occurring within and around the pa.lisades
hereafter, M. de Longueuil makes use of the of ,Fort Toronto, characteristic of t.he period
other expression, Fort Toronto. and the special circumstances and condition
The Intendant Bigot also again and again of the immedIate loco.lity. Along t.he In-
speaks of this establishment a.s Fort Toronto dian road or trail from the North, bands
in the elaborate "Memoir" prepared by of Mississagas (who were simply Otchip-
him in refly to cert lin charges of mismanage. ways from Lakes Huron and Superior),
ment brought again!!lt him on his return to would come down, bringing with them the
France in 1763, and printed at Pa.ris in that f'J.rs collected during the hunting sea.son,
year, making however the incidental re- together with other articles of merchandise,
mark, that it was tor some time known as the handiwork of themselves and their
Fort Rouille. We learn from the same squaws in the lod
es during the winter
Memoir that Fort Toronto was from the months. Band. bearing the flame tribal t\p-
outset a Royal Post, i. e. that the trade pellation, and laden with 8imilar burdens,
carried on there was for the benefit of the would arrive al80 from the \\'est, travelling
King's Exchequer. In a dellpatch to Rouille alon
through the II ,Missi8saga Trac'" by
himself, copied in the Memoir, he refers to I p:lth on the north shore of the lake; and
great expenses incurred at Fort Oswegatchie some, moreover, would make their way
(Olldensburg) thlOugh the necessity of sup- thither from the westwald in canoes. The
plying food to the Indian. there; but then trees which lined the broad sandy beach
he hopes, he says, to recoup himself for from the mouth of the Humber to what in
these expenses by the trade carried on at modern days h&l been known &I the Du
-
Toronto, II where large quantities of ioods way, was a very favourabltJ situation for
(' effects') are required for tha1; purpoøe." en
ampments. This space would be dotted
TRADE AT THE OLD FRENCH :FORT. over with numerous temporary wigwams;
During the brief .pan of i\a n.ist.ence, and a doubl
file of t.raffickers, male and
there was not time f?r Fort Toronto to de. female, would be seen on Ihe trAck leadin

velope into a first-clMs trading-post. From eastward toward the Stockade on the cliff
its proximity to Niagara i\ W&l, in certain a little way down the bay,-Iome going,
points of view, . dependency of the fort eager to effect 8ale8, others returning,
\here. In 1754: the occupants of Fort Niagara pleaøed, or the contrary, with termuecured,
'Were twenty-four soldier., five officers, two or L.loating over some useful or .bow," pur.
..reeante. one drummer, . chaplain, a sur. chase just made.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

At this Stockade on the cliff were tbu"
spread out for the first time in tl:ese parts

be products of human industry, for critical
inspection and mutual interchange.
Displayed on the greel13ward inside the
palisades on tbe one side were wares
brought laboriously hither from the Old
World across the sea; and on the other,
also brought laboriously hither, often from
considerable distances, the ordinary pro.
ducts of the country, as it tben was: the
('utcome of the common pursuits and toil
of the natives of the llUJd, with specimens
of their handiwork and in
enuity, rUò8 it
may be, in aspect, but evincing instincts,
tend
ncies and capacities in germ, identical
with those of tbe more favoured members
of the buman family with whom they were
here confronted. On the one side, we have
the Frenchman, all activity, and fluent of
speech, exhibiting to the best advantage
cheap fabrics in wool, in cotton, in flax, and
it Rlay be, to a limited extent, in silk, from
the looms of old :France, .cloths, linens, rib.
bons, Lraidø, very pronounced in colour and
pattern, to suit the "savage" fancy; to-
getber with cutlery of a certain class,batchets,
knives, and simple tools; kettles, of
brass and iron; fusils, powder and shot and
ball; beads, toys, mirrors, &llver trinkets.
On the other aide we see the red man of the
Nc.rth, sedate in manner, tacit-ur11, keen-
sigbted withal and shrewd, opening out his
peltries of various kinqs, his beaver, otter,
fox, marten, deer, bear. wolf '\nd buffalo
skins; his moccasins and sboe-packs of well-
cured buckskin and buffalo-bide; his birch.
bark mokuks filled with pemmecan or maize
or dried berries; bis bass-wood baskets,
chequered red, white and blue; poucbes,
belts and leggings fringed and adorned
with the stained quills of t.be porcupine;
snowshoes, bows and arrows, carved war
cluba, stone pipes.
The fascinating, fatal fire-water was for-
bidden to be offered in open trafhc, but soma
lupply of it was not ftlor off, to Le dispenøed
in occasional treats.
Here, then, at the primitive Fort Toronto
Wal inaugurated, on a humble Icale, the
commerce which has been so happily since
developed on the shc>res of the adjoining
bay! the commerce DOW represented by
mawfold symbola and signs in every quarter
of the wide,epread city of Toronto-the
well-supplied stores of King Street, Y onge
Street and Que
n Street, the 2rana ware-
houses of Wellington Street -and Front
Street; tbefreight depota,elevatorl,ateamer.
trains, crowde t platforms and wharves of
the Esplanade. and, though last to be
mentioned, yet by no means the least in
.iRDificance and importance, by the multi.

721

tudinous assem blage of buildinp;s with tbeil
multifarious contents, animate and inani-
mate; as seen during the time of t.he Sep-
tember,exbibition of each successive year,
in the great Industrial E>..hibition Park,
of which tbe monument commemQrative of
the early trading post now forms so con.
spicuous an ornamen t.

I have more than once spoken in otber
publications of a certain early M
. map
which I once had tbe advantage of seeing in
England, in which over a SD1l\ll group of
little tent-shaped hut'3 on the shore of To-
ronto bay. was written, "Toronto, an In-
dian village, now deserted." A s there is
not.bing to lead us to suppose tbat the:oe was
ever at. tbis point a village of sedentary In.
dians, it is reasonable to conjecture that
the inscription in question was occasioned
by a sight of the dism&ntled wigwams on
tbe strand at the terminus of tbe Indian
road from the nortb. without a knowledge
of their origin and periodicnl use. Bou,
chette's two or three Mississaga families
that, according to his experience, were the
onlyinhabita.nts ofthe shore of Toronto bay
in 1792, were perbaps simply casual utilizers
of tbe same frail apologies for houses. durin

a hunting or fiehing excursion.
:FRANCOIS PIQUET'S VISIT TO THE OLD FRENCH
:FORT.
Francois Piqutlt was a presbyter of the
Frencb Church in Canada, a member of
tbe religious confr&terni
y of St. Sulpice.
He was a man of great zeal and enterprise;
and in 1749 accomplish8d, almost unaided,
the establishment of a mission at the mouth
of the Rivcr Oswegatchie (opposite the
modern Prescott), in tb. territory of the
Iroquois Indians, By 1752, the Oswegatchie
mission, after some disastrous experience.
had developed in the usual way int.o an im.
portant trading post and centre of l,'rench
influence, especially among the Onond.aga,
Oneida and Cayuga natin tribes. In 1752
I iquet made an exploratory tour of Lake
Ontario. A king's boat was supplied to
him ior the purpose. His journ,,} of the
expedition has been printed. In June be
was at Fort
'rontenac. Her8 he found the
Indian trade ruined by the English pOlt at
Choueguen (Uswego). He complains of the
fare he met with at }'ort Frontenac: the
pork aDd bacon were very bad; and there
was not brandy enough in tbe fort to wasb
a wound. He pal!l8ed on to the Bay of
Quinte and vi.ited the site of a miuion
formerly established thel e by two brother
presbyters of the 8ulpician order, Doliieres
d. Kleus and D'Urfe. On the twenty,si::dh
of J line he reached the new fort of Toronto.
which off
red a striking contrast to Fort.

72i

LANDM.\RKS OF TORONTO.

Fl'ontenac. II The wine here is of the best," I quite two beavers, whilst for those offered
Piquet says; "nothing i; wanting in the I for sa.le at the French King's posts ten
forL; e,.erything is abundant, fine and i beaveril were demanded, Thus we are dis
good." He found a number of
IissiRsagr. credited, and this silverware rema.ins a pure
India.n. there, who, he says, flocked around 1 10 s in the King's stores, " French brandy,
him, anlt f!po;e of the happiness their indeed," Piquet reprovingly adds, " was
Joung people, the women and children, I pref rred to the English (rum); neverthe
would feel if the Kin
of France would be l
ss that did not prevent the India.ns from
as
oo:l to them 80S to the Iroquois Indians, going to Choue;!uen. To destroy the tra.de
for whom he provided missionaries. They there, the Kin
's posts ought to have been
complained that for them, instead of bui d. supplied with the same
oojs as (;houc
uen,
ing a church, only a ca.nteen had Leen con a.nd at the same price." The closing up.f
structed. He would not, however, allow th" establishment at Toronto, however, as
them to proceed sny further, and answered we shall presently see, was destined to be
them to the effect that they had b3en treated i brought about ID the way differin
frem tba.t
accordin
to their fancy; that they ha.d suggested (See Colonial Documents,N. y"
never evinced the least zeal for religion; X, 201, where the na.m . is given as Picql1 t;
that their conduct wall much opposed to it; and Parkman's
lontcalm and \-Yolfe I., 6S,
that th
Iroquois Indians, on the contrary, and II, Appendix).
had manifested their love for Christianity. Å FRIEKlJ l
NEED WANTED AT THE OL"
He was st,ron;ly impelled to persuade them FRENCH FORT IN 1752, AND FOUND.
to join him at his mission at Oswegatchie, 1'he increa in: encroachments of the
but t.he governor in.chief had commanded I I En.;1ish colonists on tÌle territories own d
him to confine his efforts to the Iroquois or claimed by the French Crown create!l
tribes; so, lest the a.rdor of his zeal should; a general uneasiness throu,,;hout New
betray him to disobedience, he re-embarked I France in 1751-2. The policy adopted b.y
and encr..mped six leagues from temptation. these a.zgressive nei
hbours, of encoura
in
Two days more brought him round the i a strong anti French f eling amon.! the
head of the lake to Niagara, where he was I Indians everywhere, was very troub esome
warmly receiveù b)" the commandant, the I In a despatch already quoted, dated in
cha.plain, and the store keep.'r. 1'he next 11752, WI: learn that the inmates of the weak
day he proceeded to the tradmg place above I and solitary tradinjt post at Toronto were
the Falls: and in connection with his obser- I kept in a alate (f much anxiety from this
vaHons on thes'3 t.wo posts, he refer3 again I cause. M, de LODgueuil,Governor-General,
to the post at To onto, and express
s the I informs the 1\linister at Vel sallIes tha.t the
opin!on that the storehouses there shou d storekeeper at Toronto had been assured
not be kept up, because the trade of Fort by some trustworthy Indians, that the
Frontenac and Nla
ara was thereby di- I
alteaux, i. e., Otchipways of the Sault,
minished. "It was necesslny," he says, the aanle in fact as the Mis&issa
as, had
II to supply Niagara, and especia.lly the I dispeísed themselves round the head of Lake
tradmg places above the Falls, rather than: Ontario; and seeing himself surrounded Ly
Toronto. The àifference," he says, "be- I them, h" doubts not but th 'y have some
tween the two first named of these posts, 'evil design on his tort. "There is no
and the 1805t, i, that three or fuur hundred I doubt," M. de Longu'
uil then ob
erves,
canoes could come loaded with fUl"s to the "but i. is the En
lish who are inducing
Porta
e (i. e., the pos
above the Falls); I ' the IndiaBs to destroy the French, and
and that no ca.noes at all could ero to To- tha& th
y would dve a good deal to get
ronto, except those which otherwise must j the savage.;! to destroy :Fort Toronto, on
necessarily ha.ve gone to Niagara or Fort! account of the essenti&.l injury it does their
Frontenac, such as those of the Ottawas I trade at Choueguen." And again ill Octo-
of the head of the lake and the
lissi::!sagas ; I bel' of the same year de Lon
ueuiì writ
s of
80 that Toronto could not but diminish the I various outrages that had been committed
tra Ie of these two ancient posts, which " on French
en by Indians in the. bO!-lth-
est,
would have been sufficient to stop all the ûn the \\ abash and the l.11nols nv. rs.
savages had the Itores been furnished with I " Every letter," he says, "brings news of
goods to their liking." The storekeeper at murder; we are menaced with a ! eneral
Niagara had told him that the Indians com. I outbreak, and even Toronto is in danger.
pared the silver trinkets which ,,-ere pro-I Before long the English on the Miami will
cured at Choueguen with those which were I
ain over all the surrounding tribes, let
procured at the French posts, and t.hey possession of Fort Chartres, and cut our
found t.hat tbe Choueguen articles were 80S communications "it J Lpuisiana" Suc:} a
heavy as the others, of purer iílver and condition of thin 8 could llct continue long.
better workmlJ,t\Ship, but did not cost th.:m In 1756 open hostilities commenc,'d bet,\een

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

723

En{!land a.nd France on the question of I Cot Haldimand for its former possessors.
boundarie:J on this continent: and the I Fort Nia
ara was now the. only .remain
ng
eonflict, afterwards known as the Seven strong pomt on Lak-e Ontano not 10 Enghsh
Years' War, began, which ended in the hands. In 1758, after the capture of For

ceasion of almost all the French domain in Frontenac, M. de V audreuil, Governor-
America to Eng" and. In 1757 . he fort 80t General, the second oi that name, wrote 1;0
'[oronto was the scene of . plot which Capt. ahe Minister dt: Messiac: .. If the English
Poucho , :h u commandant 80t Nia
ara. was should make their appearance at Toronto.
the means of frultrating'. It appears from I have given orders to burn it at once, and
Pouchot's narra ivoJ (I,. 82) Iha.t a. con- to tall back on Niagara." Then in the fol-
tin
ent of MissÍB8aga. India.ns to the number (lowing year we have him informIng the
of ninety, proceeding to Mon real to assist same Minister tba.t he had ordered down
the French ill Ihe defence of th80t place. what reinforcements he could from the
conceived, as it seemed to them, the happy Illinois and Detroit, for the protection of
thought of pillaging Fort Toronto &II they Fort Niagara. .. These forces," he says,
passed, notw"'ianding tha
ìr; belonged .. would proceed to the relief of Niaga.ra
to their friends. The supply oi brandy, I should the enemy wish to besiege it; and I
supposed to be stowed away somewhele I have in like manner," he adds, .. sent or-
therein, was tbe t mptation. The only p.'r- ders to Toronto to collect the Mississagas
sons within the fort at Ihe time were.M. and other nations and forwud them to
V.rreD, the 8torekeeper, and ten men Niagara." About this time watchers on
under M. de Noye:Ie. The lat er had b en the rampdorts of Fort Niagara would
secre ly appriscd of the plot by a French see ascendinl{ from a point on the
domEsdc. A ClnOJ with two m n was in- far horizon to the north-west, across
8 an'lydLspa chEd, unobserved by the con- the lake, a dark column of smoke-
spirawrs, 10 Fort Ni8o..:ara. across Ihe lake. sure indication of the fa.ct that the orders
Capt. Pouchot,in command 1 h. re,on hé80ring of de V audrAuil were being executeù, a.nd
the story, lost no time in despatching two that in a few hours all that the English or
officers, Capt. de 180 Ferte and M. de anyone elsJ, on approaching Toronto.
Pinsun, with sixty-one men, in two batteaux, would discover of the once flourishing
each armed with a swivel gun at the bow. trading pod there would be five heaps of
They reached Toronto at four o'clock in the I charred timber end planks, with a low
afternoon oi the next day. They found the chimney stack of coarse brick and a. sha.t-
Mississagas still encamped near the fort; tered ß ooring a.t its foot, made of ßa
, stones,
and passing in front of them the boats sa- from Lhe adjoining beach, tho whole sur-
luted their wigwams with " artillery and rounded on the inland side by three lines of
musket ba.lls,"' directed, however, into the cedar pickets more or less broken down and
air, &s Capt. Pouchot had tziven orders. scathed by fire.
The Indians were immediately summoned On the 25th of June (1759), after a liege
to attend a. council. They were grea.tly as- of about three weeks, first by Gen. Pride 'ux,
tonished a.t the adventure. Capt, Pouchot who was acddentally killed in the trenches.,
tells us, and confe8!ed everything: they had and then by Sir William Johnson, who suc-
false news delivered to them, they said, ceeded to the command, the fortress of Ni-
to the effect that the En,lish had beaten the agara fell, with the loss on the part
French. But the true reaBon of their of the besiegers of 63 killed and 185
action, Pouchot adds, was that they felt wound d.
themselves in force, and could get plenty of The f9rt or trading-po..
t above the Falls,
bra.ndy for nothing. known as Little Niagara and Fort Schlosser,
THE OLD }'RI:NCH FORT DESTROYED. where stanås now the vill80ge of La Sa.lle,
The moves cn the world's chess board fOI- , had been also, like Fort Toronto, previously
lo\yed one another in rather quick succes- committed to the flames, after removing its
sion in the remote portion of it occupied by contents and little detachment of guard'l
New France. In 1756 de 180 Jonquiere's su
- to the principal fort, at the mouth of the
gestion, of ",hich we have already heard, Niagara river.
that the :French should become ma.sters of NOTICES OF THE REMAINS OF THE OLD FRENCH
Cboueguen, was carried into effect by no FORT: SIR WILLIAM JOHN::\ON'S.
leas a. persona.ge than Montcalm himself, To make assmance doubly sure, Sir
who att
rw
rds fell at Quebec. This bìow William Johnson, after getting possession
to Enghsh mterests w&.S, however, returned I of Fort Niagara, lost little time in sending
three years later by CoL Bradstreet's CAp- over to Toronto to give, shonld it be found
ture of Fort Frontena.c, &nd the destruction I necessary to do so, the coup-de-grace to the
there of nine armed J.i'rench .loops, At the fort there. On the 28th of July (1759), he
aawe period, Choupguen was recovered by writes in his Journa.l: U Tbe enning of the

724

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

27th I sent three whale.boats with a party I that a plenty of
oodll might be brought
of above thirty men .to reconnoitre Fort here and to Oswego; and there they. as
Toronto, and on their return propose to well as all the other nations around. would
send to destroy it." Then on the 30th he come and trade; and their young men
writes: .. A!; night Lieutenant Francis reo should hunt for their brothers. whom they
turned from Toronto and reported that the now took fast hold of by the hand. a.nd
enemy had burned and abandoned that post. called upon the Six Nations. who were
and destroyed many things which they present, tn bear witness to what he had
could not take along, viz" working utensils, promised. He also de.Üred I would send
arms, etc. A Chippeway chief came to me some person to the :Missisdaga town, near
with :Mr. Francis, in order to speak with where Toronto stood, to hear what he should
me. .. say to their nation, a.nd to see that h
would
The subsequent inte
view with the chief, deliver my belts and message honestly. I
who represented the tribes along the north clothed him very well," Sir William adds,
IIhore of the lake, was an inci
nt of con- I. and gave him a handllome present to C&l'ry
sid"rable importanee. On the 2nd of August home; then took from about his neck a

ir William gave formal audience to \ihis large French meàal, and gave him an English
chief, whoßtll name was written down as one, and a gorget of silver, desiring, when.
Tequakareigh. The Beene is described in ever he looked at them, he would remember
the Journal at some length. Sir \Villiam the en
a.gement he now made."
writes :-" \Vith a strin
and two belts of NOTICES OF THE REMAINS OF THE OLD FRE
CH
wampum 1 bid him welcome, and shook him FORT: MAJOR ROGERS'.
by th. hand, By the second. which was a In 1760 the site of Fort Toronto was vis.
black belt, I took tbe hatchet out of the ited and reported on by Major Robert Ro.
hands of his and all the surrounding nations:
ers, an officer distinguished in the late
recommended huntin
and trade to them. French war, the hero of "Rogers' Shde,"
which would be more to their interest than still pointed out on Lake George, oppol!.lte
quarrelling with the English, who have ever .. Antony's Nose," Although he does noti
been their friends. and supplIed them at the happen to have made a note of the remains
cheapest rates with the necessaries of life, of the fort, but only speaks in general
and would do it again, both here (Nia
ara) terms of" the place where formerly the
and at Oswego, provided they quitted the French had a fort." he gives the interest-
French interest. This I desired he wc>uld ing information that the woods had been
acquaint all the surrounding nations with. cleared away over an ar('!I. of about
A black belt, the third and last, was to in- I three hundred acres immediately around
..-ite his, and all other na-.:;ions livin
near it, partly. doubtless. for fuel during the
them, t.o repair early next sprmg to this ten years of the fort's occupancy, but partly
place and Oswego. where there should be a also at the outset for pickets and supportB
IMge assortment of all kinds of goods fit for of buildings and other purposes about the
their use ; also recommendf'd it to them to establishment, and for security against sud-
lend some of their young men here to hunt den surprise. l\Jajor Rogers W!l.S on his
and fish for the ga.rrison, for which they way to take formal possession of the forts
would be paià and kindly treated. Told in the west just vacated by the French. He
them at the same time that I would send hal! left an account of his movements when
lIome of my interpreters, etc., with him on on this mission. On the 13th of September
the lake to the next town of the Mississagas. he started for Montreal with two hundred
with whom I desired he wouid use his best Rangers in fifteen whale-boats. After des-
endeavours to convince them that it would cribing the several stages ûf his journey
be to their intereøt to live in friendship wIth up to about what is now Port Hore, his a.p-
the English, and that we had no ill inten. proach to Toronto is thus narra.ted :-" The
tions against them, if they did not oblige wind being fair. the 30th of September
os to it. To which he {Tequakareigh} I (1760) we emba.rked at the first dawn of
answered, and said it gave him great pleasur-e day. and with the assistance ot sailli and
to hear so good worde, and was certain it oars, made great way on a. south. west course.
would b. extremely a!!reeable to aU the and in the evening rea.ched the River To-
nations with whom he was acquainted, who. ronto (i t. the Humber). having run seventy
with his, were wheedled and led on to strike milcs. . . . There was a tract of about
the English, which he now confessed he three hundred acres of cleared !Zround round
w80s sorry for. and assured me they never ' I the place where formerly the French had a
would agam ; a..nd that should the French, fort, called Fort Toronto. The Boil here.
according to ::ustorn, aRk them to do BO any I he observes, is princip80Hy ('lav. The deer
more, they would turn them Clut of the coun- are extremely plenty in this country. Some
try. He at the same time begged earnestly IndianB were hunting at; the mouth of the

LA
DMARKS OF TORONTO.

125

river, who ran into the woods at;, our ap- I posed Toronto Harbour, wIth the proposeel
proach, very mach frightened. They came I Town and Port by the Sett.lement;" and
in, however. in the morning, and tp-stifiej he had been directed to iive all opinion &8
tbeir joy a.t the news of our succel!ls aeainst I to the best position for a military work ca.l-
the French. They told us we could easily culated to protect the new establisbment
accomplish oar journey from tbence to De- ' I whenever it should he ca.lled into existence,
troit in eLM days; that when the :Frencft Accordingly, on his Plan be marks \\oith the
traded at tha.t place the Indians used to I letter A. a littl8 to the t'ast of the site of
com
with their peltry from
Jichilimackiaac ,he (.lId Tradin
Poøt, the spot which he
down the River foronto; that the portaeo thought to b. the fittest for the purpose in-
was but twenty miles from that to a riyer dicated-the øpot in fact occupied at the
falling into Lake Huron (Holla.nd River, I present day by the "Stone BMracks" at
Lake .ðimcoe and the Severn, considered as I Toronto; and to show the charader of the
one stream). I think Toronto," the Major I channeì, he gives, from this point slantingly
adds, .. a most convenient place tor a fa.c- across the entrance into the harbour, to the
tory (i. e. a trading post); and that from I pointi of the peninsula on the opposite side,
thence we may ea.sily settle the north side the soul1dings in fa.thoms: 2, 2-!, 3, 4, 4,
of Lake Eri. We left Toronto the 1st of 3i,3i, Ii, 1. To show that a military work
ÙCtober, I!teerinJ?; south right across the west at the spot ma.rked A would be calculated
end of Lake Ontario. At dark we arrived 1;0 give protection to a settlement along the
at tbe south shore, five miles west of Fort northern shore of the bay, he draws on hiB
Niagara, some of our boa.ts having now be. map a fancy town. plot exactly four-square,
come exceedingly leaky and dangerous." consisting of eleven equal-sized blocks, each
NOTICES OF THE REMAISS OF THE or,D FRESCH way, with a broad belt of "Ground re-
FORT: CAPTAIN QOTHER MASN'S. serTed" in front, and a larc:e patch of
In 1788, Capt (-
other Mann, an eminent .. Common" in the rear. Moreover. the
officer of the Royal Eni(ineers, actin
under surrounding country from the line of the
orders, examined Toronto harbour and pen- Humber to someway ea.st of the Don, he
insula; took soundings, delineated roughly cuts up into conceSSIons and farm- lote and
tne course of the then unnamed Don where roads after the usubl fasbion, with the ut-
it enters the bay, and the grea.t illlet into I most regularity, quite irrespective of hill
the marsh in the direction of Ashbridge'& and dale, river, ravine or morass.
Bay: he noted likewise, with a double row I [It: should be added tha.t Capt. Mann,
of dotted lines on the western portion of his through Borne caprice, elected in his Plan to
map, .. Part of the road towards Ltioke La. I spell .. Toronto" witb an e in the second
Clie," i. e. Lake Simcoe, which comes down I sylla.ble ; carried away, probably, like Capt.
with a boid zig-zag towards the mouth of the! Bonnycastle at a later date, by a notion
Humber. But what is more to the present I tha.t there was somethinu Italian m the
purpose, Gather ,Mann uives a miniature name, and being quite unacquainted with

ronnd-plan of the old French fort, shewing its real origin and meaning. In his Report
by dotted lines the place of the pif'kets which i to Lord Dorchester, accomp:mying the .Plan,
formed the IiItoc\\:arle on the three inland I Capti. Mann, it is to be observed, adopts tbe
sides, witb five small oblong parallelograms I ordinary and proper form of the word]
encl08ed, denot.ing doubtless the principal AUGUSTUS JONES AT THE SITE OF THE OLD
storehouse (a little iB advance of the rest), FRENCH FORT IN 1793.
a.nd quarterø for the keeper, soldiers, and I The pioneer land 8urveyor, Augustus
other men usually in charge oÍ the place. Jones, largely employed by Governor
imcoe
1'he whole group occupieø of course the in laying out for the first time several por-
exact area which used to be known to all tions of Upper Canada, set off and partially
.arly inha.bitants as .. the oM French fort." described, in 1793, a. series of lots forming
and is labelled by Capt. Mann. at the top, a broken tront concession on the edge of
II Ruins of a Trading Fort:' and underneath, Lake Ontario, stretching westward from
in continuation, "Toronto.:' In 1788, wind i the boundary between the townships of York
and weather, and camp-fires from time to I and Scarborough. The interval between
time in t.he neighbourhood, ha.d not yet I thIS line and a line running north from tbe
brought about the changes afterwards so mouth of .. St. John's River," i. e. tbe
effectually
rought; and the .. ruins" I Humber, measured along a base line now
coul
be dehneat
d with ease. The whole represented by Queell Street, was divided
l?c
ht
\.\ as exammed by Capt. 1\1 ann iu an- into thirty-nine lots, each twenty chains in
tIClpatlOn of a future town, township and width, with a public roadway of one chain
settle I ent. to b
establ.ished hereabout by in width aft
r every fifth lot. (A roadway
the Government m due tIme. The title of of the same width was also left boetween
the map is as follows:" 1'lan of the pro- York and Scarborough). At the western

726

LAND,MARKS OF TORONTO.

limit of each lot he passed down southward,
at right angles to the base hne, to the
water's edge, where he planted 110 post. As
he chains out this western limit of each lot,
he mll.kes notes of the timber, soil and char-
acter of surface. Although his descriptions
have, all ot them, more or less interest for
tbe present occupants of this region, we are
not particularly concerned with them just
now, until we come to the western limit of
lot number 29. In running this line he
comes out upon the clearing in the wood>>
which Major Rogers spoke of as having been
made round the old ,French fort Toronto.
On the 10th of July, 1793, he makes this
entry in his Field Book ; "Lot 29. A Post
on tbe bauk a little below the old Fort"
[i. t. be chains down from his baseline
(Queen StriJet) to the water's edge, and
plants a pos
there, a little to the east of
the sit. of '-he old French fort]. HIs des.
cription of the surface, etc., then follows:
" At 2.50 (two chains, fifty hnks from the
baae line) a wet hole; a.t 6.50 a small ereek
running to the left (i. e. eastward: some
little affluent of the garrl80n ereek) ; at 8.70
110 wet hole; at 14 chains a wet hole; at
19 chains wet one chain across; at 20.50
a wet hole 75 links across; at 35 chains a
swamp; at 48 chains a small creek runnin

to the left; a.t 57.50 a wet hole; at 60.50
wet two chains across; At 63 chains to low
wet grt>und, which continues to near the
Lake, 8 chains. At 52 chains to where the
Trees have formeriy been cut down, now
grown up with sm$ll sa.plin
s, Timber:
tall birch, maple, black oak, hickory; a
few hemlocks. The soil on the top appears
bla.ck and loose; underneath a hard clay."
He now retur-ns to his b.i.>>e line and chains
down, a.a before, the western boundary of the
next lot. His entry is
.. Tuesday, 16th
[July, 1793], Lot 30. To a Poat on the bank
of the Lake. At-2.50 a low wet hole; IIot
13.40 a swamp two chains acro!!!s ; at 23.70
a swamp three chains across; a.t 41 chains,
where the timber had been cut down at the
time the French built the fort (i. e. he comes
out again on the tbree-hundred-acre clear-
ing mentioned by Major Rogera); at 54
cha.ins on a ridge descending to 56 chains;
at 61 chains to clear ground; at 66.40 on
the bank of tlie Lake a.bout two chains;
(i. e, 132 feet or 44 yards) above the old
Fort (i, e. to the west of the site of the old
Fort), Timber.: ,?eech, maple, hemlock,
and oak : cla.y soli. The western bounàary
of Lo' No, 31 is next run. Starting again
from the base, it terminates, after 57 cÌ1ains
haTe been measured, at a point where a. post
was planted" about two chains aboTe the
Biacksmlth's old hou!!e" (the remains proba-
bly of a forge for the benefit of Indians

and others requiring repairs for implements,
guns, ete" and placed at that distance for
safety's sake). After Lot 30, as after every
other fifth lot of the Broken Front range,
an allowance for road (one chain) was left.
T his allowance for road i. now Dufferin
Street, at the ""eltern limit of the Exhibi,
tion Park; and is still to-day the dividing
line between Lot 30 (inclmiled in the Park)
and Lot 31 (commonly kuown, until recent
sub-divil!lion into building lots, etc., as Dr.
Gwvnne's property.
'tV e thus have it conclusively demon-
strated from the Field :Book of the original
surveyor of the .. Broken Front" conces-
sion of York, that the old French Fon of
Toronto was situated near the edge of the
lake, between the east and west boundaries
of Lot No. 30, and about two chains from
said western boundary. That iB, it; was
situated in the angle formed by the lake-
shore and the said western bouhdar:r. two
chains east of that boundary ; and anyone
who may take the trouble to ma.ke the ex.
periment by actual admeasurement, will
find that two chains (132 feet or 44 yards)
from DufIerin Street, i. e. the boundary be-
tween lots 30 and 31, will conduct him to
the spo' where the monument com memo-
ra'iTe of the old French Fort Toronto ha.s
been built.
SOME LATEJI. NOTICES OF THE SITE O. THE
OLD FRENCH PORT.
The remains of the old French fort, slight
as they were, cODstituted, ill the absence of
grander "ruins," fine of the "sight:\l" in the
vicinity of the infant capital of (j pper Cana-
da., and as :auch they were usually men tioned in
the early printed accounbl of the place.
In 1799 appeared David WilliJ.m Smyth's
Topographical Description and Provincial
Gazeteer of Upper Canada. Its full title
reads as followa: .. A Short Topographical
Description of Hil Majestv's Province of
Upper Canada, in North America., to which
is annexed a Provincial Gazeteer. London:
publIshed by W. Faåen, Geographer to His
Majesty and to His Royal Highness
the Prince of Wale!;, Charing Cross, 1799.
Printed by \Y. Bulmcr and Co., Rus-
8ell Court. Cleveland RO\T, St. James'."
It is said in the preface to have been drawn
up by .. David William Smy'h, Esq., the
very able Surveyor-General of Upper Can.
ada, on the plan of the late Ca-ptain Hutch-
ins, for the River Ohio, and the countries
adjacent. " Speaking of York, 10 the Topo-
graphical Descl'lption, the compiler of this
work says: .. In passing out of the harbour
of York, to the wef>tward. you Bee the !!ar-
rison on the mainland at the entrance of the
harbour, which, and the block-houses on
Gibra1:ar Point, are its security; and a.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

127

little
the westward of the ga.rrison are
the remain! of the old French Fort Torc.nto ;
adjoininf;{ to which is a deep bay that re-
ceives the River Humber, on which are
aaw-mill'3 belonging to Government; a little
way up the river the Government yacht is
buildin
." Then again under York. in the
Gaze' >teer part: .. The remains of the old
French Fort Toronto stand a little to the
westward of the present garrison, and the
River Humber discharges itself into Lake
Ontario, about two miles and half west of
that; on this river and the Don are excel-
lent milltl, and all the waters a.bound in
fish." In 1813 appeared a second edition
of D. W. Smyth's WOf'k, publIshed under
the immediate inspection of Governor Gore,
who was resident at the time in London.
In this re-is8ue these allusions to the re-
mains of the old French Fort Toronto are
unchanged.
In 1805 WiIoS published in London a
.. Sketch of Hie :\Iajesty's Provlllce of Up-
per Canada, by D' Arcy Boulton, Barrister-
at-Law," a thin quarto volume of ninety-
nine pa
es, vfllry handsomely printed, At
the end are seven pa.ges of .. Subscribers'
Names." It has an excellent map, and is
dedicated .. To the King," The author of
this work was afterwards better known in
Upper Canada as Mr, Justice Boulton.
In this Sketch the remain. of the old French
Fort Toronto are not o\-erlooked. In con-
nection with Yr)rk they are spoken of in
term. almost identical with those employed
by Surveyor.General :Smyth.
THE SITE OF THE OLD FRENCH FORT WELL
KNOWN TO THE IN"V A DEBS IN 1813.
In 1813 York was captured by a. United
States force. In tne accounts of that inci,
dent the remains of the old French Fort
Toronto ag&in curiously come into view.
Tt.eir site, it appears, was well known to
the American authorjtie
, and In the origi-
nal plan of operations again8t York, tbe spot
selected for the deba.rkation of the troClpl1
was there, although the landing actually
took place some distance to the west of that
point.

lr. John Lewis Thomson, in co Historical
Sketches of tbe Late War," writes thus (p.
120) :-" Agreeaoly to 1\ previous arranO'e-
ment wi
h the Commodore, Gcneral De';.r-
born and his suite, with a force of 1 700
mc=n, embarked [at Sackett's Harbour]' on
th
22nd and 23rd of April [1813], but the
prevalence of a \"ioleut storm prevented
the 8ail
pg until the 25th. On that day it
moved mto Lake Ontario, and, having a
favourable wind, arrived safely [before
York] at seven o'clock on the morning of thfl
27th, about one mile to the westward of the
ruins of Fort Toronto, aud two and a. half

from the town of York. The execution of
t.hat part of the plan which applied imme.
diately to t.ne attack upon York wa.s con-
fided to Col. Pike of the 15th Regimf:nt,
who had been promoted to the rank of Bnga-
di
r-Geneml, and the position which had
been fixed upon for landing the troopl wa.s
tM site of the old Fort. The approach of
the fleet beitlg discovered from the enemy's
garrison, General Sheaffe, the British Com-
mandant, hastily collected kis whole forcp-,
consisting of 750 re(!ular8 and militia and
100 Iadi8ons, Dond disposed them III the best
manner to resilt the landing of the AmerÌ<'an
force, . . . Bodies at Indians were ob-
served in groups in different drections in
and about the woods below the site of the
Fort, and numbers of horsemen stationed in
the clear ground surrounding it,
At eight o'clock the debarkation com-
menced; 8ot; ten it was Clompleted, :Major
Forsyth and hia riflemen, in several lÃrge
batea.ux, were in the advance, They pulled
vigørouslv for the designated ground at the
lite, but \\ ere forced by a strong" ind . con-
siderable distance above," etc.
In Auchinleck's "History of the War of
1812-'13-'14," published at Toronto in 1
55,
a full-pacre plate is gÌ\-en (p. 186) illUl'ltrativa
of the
aptllre of York. Letters identify
the points of interest with great precision,
as follows: A. The Humber; B. Pla.ce
\\ here Americans landed; C. Old Frtlnch
Fort; D. We8liern Battery; E. Half-moon
Battery; F, Ii'. Garrison Garden; G. G.
Government House, Ga.rrison and Magazine;
H. H. Ships and Stores burned by British.
The Lake road, Garrison r06rl, and buainess
part; of York in 1812, are also given, and the
note is appended: "The plate represents
10 addition, the city of Toronto 80S it DOIV
is. [The present; streets and wards 80re in-
dicated] The woods, however, have been
left; as they were [i. t. in 18121 to mark
the difficulty which attended military move-
ments generally." In the plate the letter
C. is pla.ced VI lth gre80t accuracy in ..he angle
between tho line of t.e shore .nd the
road now knoll n as Dufferin Street, on the
east side of the road, and B, the spot where
the Americans landed, is seen very nea.r
where Queen Street, if produced in a right
line, would strike the \\ ..ter, \\ hich also
indicates what \\ as the generally knO\
n
ta.ct. It is unùerstood that. Mr. Auchin-
leck, while writing his VI ork on the \\ ar,
which a.ppeared originally in succeslSiye num-
be
of Mr. Maclear's .Anglo-American Ma-
gazine in 1853, et seq., ha.d the advantage of
the best information, derived from such
øources as Chief Justice Robinøon, Mr. Chew-
ett, and ma.ny other gen'lemen, late sur-
vivors of t.ne critical peri{ld, \\ ho, from P
!"4

';28

LAND}-IARKS OF TORONTO.

son&l experience, were well acquainted wità
0.11 particulars connected with the war.
This renders the carefully. prepared plate
in Mr. Auchinleck's Hlatory of great
value. 80S fixing "ith certainty, for
future students, the exact situation of
ßo number of localities possessing great
interest, especially for the inha.bitants of
Toronto.

spoken of, and conspicuously shown in the
ske:ch. was par;; of the construc'ion of tbe
U Butts." There Dever \\ ere any remains
of the old French Fort of this conspicuous
sort. The.,stablishment here was, as 1 have
a.gain and again had occasion to se' forth,
simply an Indian trading post durin
tbe
whole period of its existence, a.nd not &
mili"ary work. Cnriously enough, the
NOTE. rough. irrpgular protuberances in the soil,
Lossing's Pictorial Fi
ld Book of the 'Var on one of which, in the imm dia.:(; fore,
of 1812, publish8d by the Harpers in New ground, 'he ar!ist repr s nts hims
lf as sit-
Y nrk in 1869, is a very valua.ble and most ting while sketching the view before him,
interesting work, which" illlon
be a popu. with the YOUIlg driver standing by him, re-
la.r book of reference. It is important. ally were the genuine remains which he was
therefore, and will be in place here,to point' in search of. Exactly where he was sitting
out and to correct s8v.ral of its inaccura- were scattered about plentiful vestiges of
cies in regard to the old French Fort at the vani",hed builùin(l's of the old French
Toronto. 'When Mr. Lossing yisited To. Fort, shallow pits where the supports of the
ronto in 1860, for the purpose ot persona.lly houses had been. and where the chimney
examining the Bcene of action, w here the stack had stood, and the shallow trenches
capture of York was effected in 1813, by or furrows formed by the earth slightly
an Ame!"Ïcan armed force, and making I raised on each side, aloBg where the pali-
sketches for the forthcoming publica.tion, øades had formedy been pla.nted in the
he sought out and obtained an interview ground.
with .Mr. John Ross, a surviving veteran The impression in the mind of the writer
of 1812, and at the time the leading local that the oI.i Fort Toronto had been a mili-
undertaker of Toronto. Mr. Lossing ob. tary work is also seen in the wood. out map
tained from .Mr. Ros8 accurate information (p. 590) where the shape of .. Fort Toronto"
as to the situation of the old French Fort, is made to be. oa the smallest seale of course,
but unfortunately, being up in years and bu\i very distinctly, a fortress in the Vauban
an invalid, .Mr. Ross did not accompany style, with the regulation angles, bas-
Mr. Lossin
to the spot. "Mr. Ross
ave tions, etc. (In S. G. Goodrich'. Pictorial
mC' such minute and clear directions con- History oÎ America, another popular work
cernin
the interesting places in and aro:md publish
d in New York in 1854, there is to
Toronto, that I experienced no difficulty in be seen a cut entitled co the death of Pike,"
finding them," Mr. Lossing writes p. 592. given in connectil)n with the capture of
" I hired a horse and light \\aggon, and a York in 1813, In it York figures in the
young man for driver) a I spent a gre&t distance &S quite an important city, with
portion of the da.y in the hot sun." Un- seyeral t.owers, spires, etc.) '" hile cor.
luckily t.his young man had not the familiar rectin
Lossing. it will be as well to point
knowleàge of the different localities that oui some further errors at p, .387 in tho
Mr. Ross had; and the consequence was text a.nd appended note. The Blockhouse
that Mr. Lossing mistook tbe .. Butts," spoken of in line 12 from top, was situated
let up in quite modern times. for rifle prac- on the bank of the artificial channel known
tice. "abou. 60 roås west of the New as the co Little Don," not far from the first
Barracks," considerably east of the real Parliament Buildings. It commanded the
site, for remains ot- the old French Forti. road which led from the "Carrying Places"
This ia evident from the E!ket
h which he or narrow part of the Island. This is quite
giyes. and his expla.natory remarks I hereon. & different position from .. the hi!.{h east
:Mr. Lossing writes: "The principal re- bank of the Don. just beyond the pre'ent
mains of the For, in which may be seen bridge at the eastern termination of King
some timber-work placed Ihere when the I &nd Queen Rtreets." The porti.Jn of the
fort was partially repaired in tbe '>\Ìnter of note below that requires correction is the
1812-13 [so he fancied], are Been in the I following: co It (the island) is low and
foreground. 'They presented abrupt heaps aa.ndy-so low that from the moderate ele-
covered with sod. On the right, in the dis vat ion of the town (fifteen or twenty f.,et
ta.nce is seen Gibraltar Point, with th.1 &bove the water) the dark line of the lake
trees sprine:iug from the low sandy surface. I ma.y be lIeen over it. Upon it were, and
On : he l
f, are [ he New Barracks." The I still are, !lome trees which, at first ,!lane.,
supposition thø.t the old French For
was re-I seem to be standing on the water. This
paired \dth a view to defence in 1812,13, gave the name of Tarontah, an Indian word
wa.s purely imaginary. The timber \\ ork signifying "trees on the water," to the

LANDMARKS OF TOROJIITO.

'129

place. When the French built a forti there, a. new but very fanciful method 8uggested
westward of the extreme western end of the by him for laying out townships and J1oaðs,
peninsula (which was called Gibraltar Point), and figured on his map.
they named it Fort Tarontah or Toronto." REMAINS OF THE OLD FRENCH FORT EFFACED,
In this passa
e, etymology, erthography &ond BUT SITE MARKED BY A CAIRN,
history are all at fault. Th
name given It thus appears that the site of the old
to the fort built here bv the French was
'rench Fort Toronto was a matter of com-
,Fort Rouille. The word Toronto dU not man notoriety at York from the outset of
oriainate here: it had nothing to ào with that place. And so it continued to be after
theO trees 03 the peninsula here: it. travelled York had mergeJ into Toronto. 1\1ost of
down hither from Lake Simcoe in the north, the inhabitants of the town and its vicinity
which, at least one hundred years before were familiar with the spot. Sportsmen
the French built the fort, was well known in the habit of looking after water-fowl of
as Lake Toronto (spelt exactlv 80 on early various kinds along the beach westwa.rd
maps). The predominant traditional inter- from the
arrison were specially cognizant
pretation of the word used to be" Place of of it. Y oun
lads at school were fond of
,Meeting." the allusion being to the popu- firing on "the old French Fort,'- as the
Ions region between Lake Toronto and L
ke terminus of a. half-holiday's stroll towards
Huron, the grand rendezvous of the Huron Humber Bay along the well-beaten path on
or W yandot tribes, down to the year 1649. the edge of the cliff. ] t was in this latter
The "trees on the water" theory of inter- way the present writer first formed his
pretation was a late afterthou,aht, an in- acquaintance with the spot, his perfect
genioas gu,""ss on the part of some one who familiarity with which was kept up by a
h'id heard of an Iroquois word with some visit every now and then during many .ub-
such meàning, obscurely resemblin
To- sequent years.
ronto in sound. Lewi3 H. )Jorgan, in his In 1878. a large portion of the so-ca.lled
.. League of the Iroquois, ' wrote down the Garrison Common was secured from the
fancied term as " Deonda"; so his ear had Government, and set apart as a park for
caught it. Not only, as has once before Industrial Exhibition purposed. A survey
Deen stated, was Lake Simcoe Lake Toronto, of the ground was made. walks and drives
but. Matchedash and Gloucester Bay wa.s were laid out in it, and many buildings re-
Ba.f of Toronto, the back lakes connecting quired for carrying out the objects of the
with the Trent were the Toronto Lakf'8 and park went erected. By a happy accident
Humber was the
'oronto River: indicating the site of the old French 1!'ort Torontc
that they were, all of them, \\ ater bigh- was included within the limits of tbe park.
'-\ ays to the g-reat interior central ren- Up to 1878 a space round a.bout the particu-
dezvou3 or " Place of Meeting" of the Hu- }g,r spot where the remains were, had been
ron tribl?s. After vanishing from the map enclosed by a poorly.kept wooden fence,
in the north, it obtained by a happy acci- through whÏLÌl foot passen
ers, desirous of
dent a permanent lodf!lDent at the spot crossing the Common, could easily make
where it now rests. Good linguistic reasons their way. The line;; of this fence failed
could be given for the now generally re- to form a correct square. One of its angles
ceived ìnterpretatioíl of "Toronto," but WII.S unaccountably obtuse, as may be seen
the details would occupy too much space. in Sandford Fleming's plan of Toronto.
There was evidently a desire on the part of which shows the encl03ure in question with-
the Surveyor-General'ø department, at the out any mention, however, of the cause of
beginning of Sir Peregrine Maitland's regime, it& existence. The irregularity in sha.pe re-
to perpetuat:e on the map of Upper Canada. ferred to had probably some relation to
the beautiful namc which had been strangely the former palisades, the lines of which did
diszarded for York in 1793-4. When the not run C!xactly at right angles either to
"Mississl\.ga. Tract" \\ as secured a.nd laid the line of the present Dufferin street, or
Gut one of the Ilew townships \\ as named the present line of the shore, as sho.....n by
Toronto, and a. narrow triangu'ar piece of the delineations in Auchinleck's plan. and
territory belonáng to it \\ as called the also by the map given by Lossing.
., Gore of Toronto." \Vhen the villa(!e in The fence spoken of was, of course, ta.ken
"he township of Hope, afterwards kÏiown down when the park wa.s prepared for exhi-
as Port Hope, was first projected, Mr. Ch"s. bition purposes; but more than that; it
Fothergill gave it the na.me of Toronto; became nece;;sary to level and I!od the en-
and Robert Gourlay, in the curious map closed M
a ; to grade it, in fact, somewhat
prepared for the first volume of }.is Statis- towards the south, and to straighten the
tical Account of Upper Ca.nada, gaTe the I line of the cliff 0.... that side, which hael
name of Toronto to what was to be the become very irreaular from the destructive
priucipal city of the pro\"ince. according to action of the wa
s below. These necessar7

730

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

improvements involved the obliteration of I Toronto as a City and t.he restoration of
the vestiges of the old French Fort. which that beautiful and a.ppropriate name, which
for 110 long a time had imparted a charm to for fifty years had been supplanted by that
the
rounC1 hereabout, and the great proba- of" York." It was thouiht appropriate
bility of the site becoming obscure in the that one of the means of signalizing the
future and possibly at length being clean occasion would be the commencement, a'
forgotten. obviously presented itself. The all events. if not the cOll'pletion,of a memo-
risk was manifest of the inhabitant.! of To- rial object on the site of the old French
ronto losing a valuable property, so to Fort Toronto. to take the place of the con-
.ppak, viz.. the knowledge of a spot .ituated fessedly temporary and now dilapidated
in th.,ir midst. possessed of very grtlat cairn. Mr. W. Barclay McMurrich, Chair-
historical interest: of more kI.i9torical in. ma.n of the ::;emi-
entennial Committee, ap.
\erest, in point of fact, than any other spot pointed by the Corporation, and recently
within the limits of their city, or anywhere .Mayor of the City, interesteà himself in the
in its neighbourhood, being chronologically matter, and on the last day of the Semi-
connected with the old French and India.n Centennial celebration, the foundation of .
eras in the annals of \Vestern Canada. A monumental pillar aftcr a design by the
determination to mark the memorable site Messrs, Langley and Burke, ar(;hitects,
by some suitable structure was immediately of Toronto, Was laid by tbe then Lieu-
come to ou the pl\rt of the President of the tenant-Governor of Ontario, the Honourable
Industrial Exhibition Association. Mr. J. J. John Beverley Robinson, in the presence
'Vi throw, who had been chiefly instrumental of the Mayor of the City, Mr. A. K Bos-
in securing for Toronto it.! Exhibition well, and a large concourse of citizf'ns and
:Park, a.nd was now actively engaged In visitors frou;. the United States.
making it ready for exhibition purposes on During the progress of the two following
a very comprehensive scale. A cairn of years two of the lower courses of the pedestal
unhewn stone was accordincly built thro
h " were built with funds contributed by the
his influence with the city authorities, a.nd Corporation and the Indu!\trlal Exhibition
a fine massive granite boulder, recently Association. The proce3s of erection seemed
broasrht up by the dredging machine out of I likely to be an aft'air of several yeus' dura-
the adjoining ship,channel of the entrance I tion, when happily the fiftieth anniversary
into 1'oronto Bay, mounted upon it. bearing of the reign of Her .Majesty Queen Victoria
the following inscription: - ( occurred in 1887, and it was determined to
THIS CAIRN MARKS TH]!; EXACT SITE OF make the completion of the memorial on
F()R.T ROUILLE, COMM05LY KNOWS AS FORT the site of the old French Fort Toronto,
TORONTO, AN INDIAN TRADING POST AND I an incident in the City's commemoration
STOCKADE, ESTABLISHED A. D. 1749,BY ORDER I of that event;. Great good-will wag very
(w THE GOVERNMENT OF LOUIS XV. IN AC- generally IIhown to this project. On various
CORDANCE WITH THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF I
rounds several public bodies united in
!'HE COUNT DE LA GALISSONIERE, ADMIN- : promoting the scheme. The Corporation
ISTRATOR OF NEW FRANCE. 1717-1749, J of the Cit.y encouraged the underta.king
ERECTED BY THE CORPORATION OF TIlE CITY I from the outset by repeated subsidies, in
OF TORONTO, A. D. 1878. order that the starting point of trade and
This memorial object was visited and at commerce in this re
ion might be identified
tentively inspected by His Excellency Lord I with precision in all future time. The In-
Dufferiu, Governor.General of Can Ida, on I dustrial ExhibItion A!lsociation of the City
the occasion of his inauguratin
the great again and again liberalìy o\ided the scheme,
Industrial Exhibition, held for the first time deeming it most proper that a site of 80
in the new grounds. I much general interest happily included
The ca.irn now erected answered an excel- within the limits of the Exhibition Park,
lent purpose for about t.he space of six years, I shoulrt be boldly and lastin
ly distinguished.
when from partial settlement and other ' I The Associated Pioneers of the City of To-
causes it became somewhat deteriorated in its ronto and ancient County of York, with
appeara.nce, and it was generally felt that the help of many friends in sympathy with
something more worthy of the City of To. their Society and its aims, made large con-
ronto, and of the important site commemo- tributions towards the cost of the work,
rated ought to take Its place. being desirous that the scene of the fir.!.
CAIRN REPLACED Bi' A MEMORIAL COLUMN, dawn of civilized life on the shores of
'o-
WHICH IS FINALLY MADE A MEMENTO OF ronto Bay, in the little company of Enrg-
THE QUEEN'S JUBILEE IN 'I'HE peans domiciled in toe fort, and the rough
YEAR 1887. clear&nce in the primitive forest of an area
The year 1884 was the never-to.be-forp-ot. of about three hundred acres immedial
]Y
ten ::;emi-Centennial of the Incorporation of around its palisade. (as reported by Major

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

731

Rogers) ahould be surely known to coming I earlier than the age of :Simcoe and of Brock.
generations. And the Go, ernment of the It is erected on the site of the old
Province ot Ontario fitranted prompt and French Trading Post, built here nearly a
generous assistance to secure the completion century and a half ago, by the French Gov-
of the monument in the year named, so ermr.ent; a post which was, in fact, the
that, besidea being a due memorial of one earliest civilized settlement established in
of the most notable hiðtorical sites in the this neighbourhood; that settiement you
Province, it might also form one of the have very appropriately deacribed in your
abidin
mementoes in Canada of the Jubilee address as the
erm of the Toronto with
of Her Majesty the Queen. which we are now acquainted. I think the
.Dy encouragement and funds thus sup- greatest credit is due to the public bodies,
plied, tbe erection of the monument wa. the Corporation, the Exhibition Associa.tion
completed, and the ceremony of its unveil- and the Provincial Government, as well a8
ing by His Excellency the Marquis of Lans- to the private friends and supporters of the
downe, Governor-General of Canada, took project, who have combined for the purpose
place among the proceedings of the opening of securing the identification of so interest-
day of the combined Dominion and Local ing a spot, and of commemora.ting it by the
Industrial Exhibition at Toronto, the 6th of erection of a suitable monument. Standing
September, 1887. as that monumenS does in the midst of these
Th., remarks of His Excellency on the Exhibition Grounds, it will serve, I hope,
occasIOn were as followa :-(It will be ob. year after year, to remind the thousanda
served that the inauguration of the General who frequent them of the achievements of
E"{hibition had just occurred in another part those who have built up the fortunes of the
of the park). City of Toronto upon a spot where corn-
u The ceremony which has recently been paratively a short time ago the rough
concluded in another part of the ground was trading post of a foreign country was the
one which had reference to the affairs of only sign of approachin
civilizat.ion, and
to.day, and to the material interest!:!, present to whose efforts spread over successive
en-
and future, of this city a':ld its negbbour- erations, you owe it that the solitude, the
hood. 1 am glad that you have asked me desolation, the dangers, the rude existence
to take a part in another ceremony. which of the first settlers at this spot, have been
will for a moment carry our minds back replaced by the teemin
population, the
from the present to the past. Weare met plenty and prosperity which we see
this afternoon in order to preserve from around ua on every side to-day. I esteem
obliteration the traces of the first beginnings I myself fortunate in ha"in
been called
of the city of which you are ao justly proud upon to undertake this task, and I have now
to-day. In doing this you are, I think, much pleasure in dedicating this monument
showing a very proper and laudable feel- to the public of the City and Province."
in",. A community is wli.ntini in self-respect, To adopt the worcS. of one of the ma.ny
which docs not take an interest in its chroniclers of the day's procE'edi!lgs,-His
own history, and seek to preserve those Excellency then al seized the lines and
records by which that history can be traced undid the veil, and ÏD a moment the round
and authenticated, I have fl"equently no- shiloh was exposed to 'he view of the spec-
ticed with plea.sure that the people of To- tators. The crowd breeted the disclosure
ronto are fond of dwelling upon the memo- with cheers, which were again and again
ries which live around the city, and this heartily repeated." 'J'he monument, it is
portion of the Prcvince of which it is the then added, which is after a design by
capital: and there is certainly no part of Messrs. Langley and B'lrke, architects,
Canada in which men of the present day is a plain, rounded column or shaft, having
have a better right; to refer with pride to somewhat the appearance of a. lighthouse.
'he achievements of their forefathers, or Including the rough mason w!lrk, which
to the courage with which tbe earliest let- forms the base, it reaches tht> height ot
tiers in the land, when they were as ye' thirty-two feet, a.nd will be a conspi
uous
a mere handful of men, held their own in object of view from the bay, The stone is
the face of deaperate odds, tiehting for the .. Credit Valley Red," aupplied from the
country of their adoption, and presening fiuarries of Mr. K. Chisholm, of Bramp-
to the British Empire one of its noblest; ton. It was executed, it should be sub-
bulwarks. The monument which you h l ve joined., at the works ot Mr. Lionel Yorke,
asked me to unveil, carries us back, how- on the Esplanade, and a tribute is due to
ever, t(l
past even more remote than that the great practical skill of Mr. Vick, super-
upon whleh you are fondest of dwelling; intendent of those works, Tè..e fCillow-
it takes us back to a period earlier than ing inscription appears on the north side of
,hat of the United Empire Loyalists- the pedestal :-

'132

LAND:\lARKS OF TORONTO.

FORT TORO!i'.rO, sociation to seeure the completion of the
monument in 1887 has bêeu placed by
..ur INDIAN TRADING POST, the committee charged with the coHee,
70R SOME TIME KNOWY AS PORT ROUILLE. tion to the credit of the Pioneers' gen-
eral fund, with the approbation oÍ the prÌll-
WAS ESTABLISHBD HERE cipal subscribers.
A. D. MDCCXLIX., THE IDENTITY úF THE SITE VERIFIED.
An account of the writer's intimate a.c-
BY ORDER OJ!' LOUIS XV. qU'iimance with the site of the old French
T ' k ; r ht . ta trading post known as Fort Toronto is given
nus . wor - o. no if, 1

mpor nce was I t I . th . A h f
brol1
ht to a clOee. A site of considerable a arge m e m
mOlr. s to t e per ect
h' . I ' fi d fi 't I fi d accuracv of that slte, IIoS marked by the obe-
Is d to d rIca bi sigm C k an d ce f Wa8 th e n l
fi e Y t ' xe f ' lisk which has been erected thereon, two
an ura y ma.r e or e gra I ca Ion 0 I . I I' h h l d b
local residents and the information ot the I p.artlc d u f ars h re atmg t ereto s ou. e. men-
e" bI' 11 Ad' d' tlOnf: or t e more complete satIsfa.ctlOu of
th a ,naoI8n t PU bl IC d g d e.n l
ra y, n d In t O t ln h g I eV6l"Y visitor to this histúrical spot. It hds
IS a no a. e a 1 Ion was ma e 0 e bId . ,
att.ractions of the parks and drives of To- e,f'
a rea y
ot
d ln thIS memOIr that tha
to t lb' t b ' L I orIgmal provInCial land surveyor. Au,
ron , a m
l!-u
en a. 0 Jec emg sew up gustus Jones,
et it down in
by th
Wa.ysl.le lB one of then:, ,ca.lc,ulated I hi6 field Look now P reserved
to st1mulate a wholesome curIOsIty III the . t- h C L d ' D t t T t
'd f II b h leI 'II' I IIll e rown an s epar men. oron 0,
m
s 0 a. e 0 ers, es
eCla y m t 1e 1 that he ran the division line between lots 30
!lllnda 0, the many mtelhgent persons. ! d 31 .. b t t h' t d f th
youni and old, who are drawn to the an .' a ou w
c ams
es .
'ar _0 .e
Capital of the Province on particular occa- r

aIn
of .the old .l!rench Eort,' WhICh dl-
, - ft t I b VISiOn lme 1S now represented by the tho-
810118 year a er year; a monumCll a. 0 - hf k D ffì . r\_
- t, d t' cd h 't h II 't If h roug are nown a.s u erIn avenue. \JUt
t
C es t l } n, ' W f e
. 1 ' t S a 1 S d C d ave of curiosity and just to test tbe primitive
..1tcome a ,Hng 0 a.ntlqui y--corro e ,per-, , k h . f
' n b .. h t th f t - l ' k - tl surveyor s remar', t e Writer a ew years
a.ps, Y . iii 00 0 Ime 1 -e one ot Ie . b h .
ancient round towers of Ireland-destined SIllC
, ut sut8eq
ent to t e
rectlOn of the
the ..- b t ' ll d t} obelisk, accompanied by a fnend, took the
eveft n '^' e s 1 na.me 8omong 1e , It' 1 . h I
.. si
hts" of Toronto, and chara.cterized by [roun e a
Ua.1
to mea
ure WIt a regu,ar
't ' h b'b t of th . t I d I 3urveyor s cham, the dIstance of two chams
1 s III a. 1 n s as one elr mOB va. ue e tw rd f V ffì rin v d thO d'
heirlooms. as a, rom u e a e. a.n .18 U!-
tan
e, ne was pleased but not surprised to
DIMXNSIO:S-S, ETC., OJ!' THE MONUME
T. find, brdught hÌlo and his friend precisely
The monument consists, first. of a sub- to the spot marked by the obelisk, thus
stl'uction of rough stone about five feet showing how correct was the old surveyor's
in depth a.nd twelve and a halt feet square eye.
at its lowest pa.rt, diminishing by steps to The second interebting particular is the
",bout twelve feet squa.re 80t the surÍace. following: -In the course of certain excava-
Then, for a.bout four feet, follow in cut tions in the Exhibition Park made in con-
Credit Valley stone, ; h:-ee courses. to a nection with the pan
omic display in 1891,
block fOl'mine the main body of the pedestal, a discovery was made of what there can be
1ive feet square and five 8.!ld a half f3:;)t I little doubt was a burial plot appertainiD

ill height. Over this is a course projecting to the old French Fort Toronto. A number
eight inches; and then comes a block of skeletons were found laid in the ground.
wrou
ht to form a trlWsition from the for the most pa.rt with regularity, showing
square to tbe roul,d foem, upon whICh that they were deposited in a place set apart
rests the column proper; a shaft in eight for)epulture,some of them encased in coffins,
divisions, 8li
h\ly tapering from five and some not. The situation of the burial
feet at t.he base, to about two feet at. plot is exactly north of the monument
t
summit, which terminates in . conical at a distance of about one hundred
apex. The whole height from tbe surface yards. Her
were probably
o be
is a little over thirty feet. The esti- seen the remains of alI'tnose who had died
mated cost at the outset of the cu, at the old French Fort Toronto. during its
stone portion was about two thou!and five brief existence from 1749 to 1759. The tWO
hundred dollars. The K!"IWts and col-. particulars just narrated, amounting we may
lections have somewhat exceeded tbis I say to a positive demonstration, should be
sum, and the slight 8urplus IS to be ex- I especially noted, inasmnch a8 the proprie-
pended by th8 Industrial Exhibition Asso- I tors of the land immediately west of Dufferin
ciation in rendering the surroundings of street h!,ve,endeavore
.t'? tbrow discredit
the monument complete. The excess over, on the /ilte In the Exhlbltum Park marked
the quota guaranteed. by the Piont:er As- by the obelisk, in consequence of the du.-

"
-- -

:ffff \

1k \

fÆ-

\

'
.
- \

-

?;;

::::--::::

-

--.-

'?:;;--

.

_ -1

(op. j3
}

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

733

eo
ry on tèat land of a 'IDlarJI disused wen I CHAPTER CCXVL
.00 cedar supports of a buildiD
clo6e by,
which has now diaappeø.red., not f.rfrom tbe TORONTO "UNCTION YEARS AGO.
cliff or edge of the bank. These remains, it;
W&8 ha,agly concluded. were I!ome remnants A. Spot that Was -.:v
11 Known A.way Back
of the old French fort, a.nd . street laid out In the FortIes-The Weatern Suburb aa
on the land has been accordingly named 1& was and It Ü.
Fort Remille street, but it happeus tbat the Probe.bly few towns in the Don;i.oiou pre-
origin of ihe well and buIlding referred to srnt a greater contrast between what th'y
is well known. They were the work in are now a.nd what they were forty years ago
quite recent tirr.es of Mr. James Duffy, a than Eloes tbe subject 0 our sketch. Where
ståll well-remembered master in Upper electric cars now run with more or less regu-
Canada College who once owned the spot. larity were to be f nod roa.ds innocent of
,\Jr. Duffy a.t a later period found it ad- ev
ry attempt at paving, and remarkable
visable to remove his house a short distance only for their utter desolation in winter
northward, in crder to be in a more shel. through snow dri, tll, their discomfort in
tere<l litu&tion, funh6l' aw&y from the spring o\\ing to the quantities of
water. The house was removed bodily,
lBUd with \\ hich they aboanded and
was long a conspicuous object on the west their all but impassa.biIi
y in Bummer
6Ï
of Duff6l'in a.ve. The n&me Fort Roum. from the clouds of dust always adsing
street Just here, besides being confusing and total number of inhabita.nis in the district
misleading. Ï3 H"ely, if allowed to con- now included in the municipality of Toron.o
tinue, to give permanence to a barbarisUl in Junction did not exceed two hundred and
the pronunciation ot II. French word, the fifty souls, whereas to-day the population is
popular organs of 8peech being quite un- variously est.ima.ted .t froUl fiye to six thou-
equal to the task of producing the French sa.nd people. There was but one railway
liquid double '.1" and the accentuated "e." station, that on the Northern Railway,
The result Ï8 tha.t the eduCð.ted ea.r Ï8 already known as Davenport, and what a
oft"n obliged to endure the transforma.tion station it wa.s ! Simply a wooden
of Ronillð into Ronill. It has been shown shed, open, except at the roof, en-
in the memoir how Antoine Louis Rouille, tirely to the weather. and at wnich stopped
Conn5 de Jouy, col...nia.l minist.er for the only two trains each way lÌailv. It is need-
time being at Paris, was eomplimented by less to &dd thAt there were no seats pro.
having his name officiall) atta.ched to the vided for the waiting public-of whom, for-
trading post here, bot popular usage pre- tUDat.e]y, there were ve y few, and if one
va.iled in applying to it the .ppeHa.tion of wer
desirous of purchasing a ticket it would
Toron.to, that name being already I have been a hard matter to accomplish, as
familiar as a de8ïgnation of the I Gcality , As there were no officials of I/dlY sort or descrip-
h&3 often been shown, the Toronto Landing tion within sight.
was 110 8tyled long before the
r
iDg post LETTERS AND TELEGRAMS.
was established, .. Toron 0," baving been
derived not from anything conneet d with There wa.s no po::;toffice nearer tha.a
this locality. but from lAke Toronto, now Brockton on the one sid
, \Veston on the
lAke Simcoe. fB.l' to the north. the gr&nd otber and a.t Yorkville and Lambton on tbe
place of meeting of the 'Vyandot Indians, east and west respectively. Having a tele-
commonly spoken of a.8 llurollS. It is to the gram delivered cost four times as much a8
dialed spoken by the Wyandots tbat tho the messa!::e itself and on the very r&re oc-
word Toronto belonged (consult Father casions when such misaives arrived for any
Saga.rd's dictionary of the Huron language) of the re5ide.otø. their recipients
&nd not to that of the Mohawks, whose were regarded with feelin'ts of ad-
home was not àereabouts, hut far a.way to mira.tion, if not of awe, in having
the south a.nd e&It'. Of course it is quite such importa.nt business on hand iIoS to nece.s-
possible that in the Mohawk dialect II. Lerm sitate a telegraphic messa
e. At the period
may occur Gf a somewhat similar sound (a.s, we are sppa.king of Mr. George Cooper was
for ex&mJ?le, Deanda) and po8tIe8sin
& differ. mildiDl", as & residence tor himself, the large
811t mea.IlIDg. I red brick hou
e near DavenpOI't station
. In the lIummer of 1892 the City Corpora- which is now occupied bV Mr. A. Rovce. On
tlOn surrounded tbe monument with massive the north side of Davenport road. nearly
posts and a metal bar. The general effect opposite to the spot where now runs Church.

t the whole structure has \bus been greatly hill avenue, were one or two pa.ltry cottages,
Improved. which have long since disappeared. On lhe
south Bide of the road from the railway sta-
tion. and for a long wa.y both towards Dun-

734

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

das street and Weston rOltod, this lut then
known a.s the Plank road, wu dense bush
lltond through which few people either cared
or at
mpted to pass. \Y her"Ø Mr. Brimer
now resides on Davenport roltod was.. la.rge
rough-cast house, (since destroJed by fire)
standing, as does the present one, in a
spacious garden and occupied by !II r. Samuel
Thompson, who was well known as a poli,
tician Itond writer of no mean literary abil,
itf. He died in Toronto in 1886, just
Itofter b. had completed and published
a deli
htful yolume of reminiscences.
About a quarter of a mile to
the north-west of Mr. Thompson's resi.
dence, on the road leading to \ V eston, \\' here
it is intersected by what is now calied St.
Clair avenue, were four or five amaH houses,

boundary of the farm known as Aikenshaw,
occupied by Colonel .Edward William
Thomson from 1844-when he erected the
large red brick house, whIch is still stand-
ing -until his dea.
h in 1865. Colonel
Thomson was one of the sur,i.-ors of the
war of 1812, 1813, 1814, and for some time
held a seat in Parliament. He was, though,
far mortJ eminent as an agricul-
turist than as a politician &nd
valued his position as chairman
of the Board of Agriculture for Upper Can-
ada much more than any political distinc-
tion he mi
ht gain. It is worthy of re-
ma.rk that Colonel Thomson's house wu
the first brick resisence of any description
erected on Dundas street between Toronto
Itdld the:Humber. On the
'iikenshaw property

"'....
"rO;'

..
;,
;.,,/ .

.,

\,..t,;'

. ..:,.
;
;:
;J.
'
,
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... .,:
-
"'If.,.

,

I;i

COL, THOMSON'S PROPERTY.

.. blacksmith's shop, and a. very small gro- there were no houses whatever excepting
cery Btore. 'l'hese houses were on the edge the Cúlonel'. residence and out- buildings;
of the wood., in which a.bounded red and indeed there was in 1853 one plo1i of bush
bla.ck squirrels as well as great numbers of land of eight acres forming a portion of the
chipmunks. The land for the Grand Trunk property, which was not tinally cleared
Ra.ilway was then (1854) in course of survey, uniil1856. Opposite CoL Thomson'B resi-
but the line wa.a not cut through until dence on Dund&s street was a moderately
1856 nor Carlton station erected until 1857. sized rough-cast dwe1Jin
, which was occu-
""hat is now Keele street ran as II. pied by Mr. \Villiam Keele, a son of Mr_
conces:!IioQ from the present St. Llair avenue I 'V. C. Keele, whom we shall presently refer
to Dundu .treet, and foru.ed the eastern to. William Keele farmed the adjoining

LAN DMARKS OF TORONTO.

73ð

land of perhaps fifty acres, but in 1855 and the iocalitv. He was for a long time
1856 be leased a lar'te portion of the pro- (excepting the farmers) the only employer of
perty to. joint
tock compa.ny for the pur- labour in the neighbourhood, he having ex-
pose of formin
a race course. This latter, tensive brick yards on Dundas street, nellor
known as the Carlton race ground, was the Pla.llk road, and was besides the
opened for aport in the spring of 1857, and first owner of nearly all the land
in the following year had the honour of in the vicinity. He was a man
Royal patronage, Her .\1ajesty giving a sum of strong prejudices,yet ca.pable of deep af-
of money to be run for by horses under fe
tion,..nd under a somevhat rough maD-
a certa.in ap;e bred in Canada. The ner had a very kind ht!art. He was one of
(:ourse had & very brief existence, com- the inhabitants of York who ill 1815 signed
paratively, as it was finally closed in 1872. the address of welcome to .Lieu tena.nt-Gov-
\Vhas we now know as Keele street ex- ernor Gore, on the return of the laUer from
tended on the south side of Dundas street for England to resume the reins of I!(overnment.
perhapa eiKht hundred yards until it reach. He died in Toronto in 1866, at the great &!!o
ed the rough-cast house oc
upied by Mr. of 87 years. leaving a large number of des-
w. C. Keele, where it stopped shol'l:. cendants.
in the midst of a dense undergrowth of oak Between the cottage we have just re-
and othp.r trees. Mr. Keele. from whom this I ferred to and the Peacock tavern-the

MR. SCARLETT'S HOUSE-RUNNYMEDE-DUNDAS STREET.

street takes its name, "'a.s . solicitor of hiKh latter long since pulled down and replaced
chara.cter and repute. He published more by a hotel of the same r.ame-were some few
than one le
al handbook, which had a large eottagesa.nd Mr. Scarlett's brick yards. There
sale. On the aouth-west earner of Keele and was a blacksmith's ..bop exactly opposite the
Dunl.Ías street I!Itood the Swan tavern; we Peacock, and when we aa.y there was one
are sorry to say it was not regarded as being small eeneralatore near the brick fields we
a great blessi
to the neighbourhood. On I have described Toronto Junction as it wa.s in
the opposito corner, towards Toronto, on the 1853 with tolerable accuracy. There was no
Bame side, I!Itood a new red brick cottalZe provision whatever d this period for the
built by Mr. .Tohn Scarlett, who als.o erected education of tbe young; boys and girls a.like
in l838 the rough-cast house known M either walked to I!Icbool in Toronto or
Runnymede, 8till standing on the north side to Etobicoke where there WItJ!I a smaH
ot Dundas street to the extreme 'West of the I!chool houae, now used by tile Roman
town. Catholics as a church. The nearest place of
Mr. Scarlett may, indeed, be regard. worship belonging to the Church of EBgland
ed u the fa.ther of Toronto Junction; wa.s St. George's, on Dundas street, beyond
be built; almost, if not the very tint house in the Humber. There was & small wooden

'736

LAND
IARKS OF TORO}ljTO.

THE OLD PEACOCK TAVERN, DUNDAS STREET.

building a.llo on Dundas street, on the I Knowles, Daniel Stretch. Benj. Ogden.
.outhern side, Df"80r Bloor street, occupied by Nathan Barnum, Robert .Morrell, Edward
the Wesleyan body, but there was no per- Dougherty, Jltos. Cushing, Barth. Stlto.-er.,
manent minister, and ena if there had been Jno. Smith-Halfield, \Vm. Hore, Robt.
01l.e Utere was .9 residence for him. As Wilkins, Joseph Hanoway, Jerem. Pem-
for sanitary al'rangements, every house- berton, Jos. Stephens, Jno. Baker,
holder was a law unto himself, Peter McDonald, John Brooks, John Bar-
and the ma.rvel is not that there ton, Jas. Huestis, Lawrence ThucliOon. Ja.s.
was so much illness Lut tbat tbere was so :McAtell, Edward Thorp, Chas. Tborp, Ed.
litt]e. As for tbe administra.tion of justice, ward Dougherty, jr., John Griffiths. Jacob
there was fortunately but litt!e serious Buffinton, Seba.stia.n de Molito, Henry Mc-
erime. \Vhen a.ny such occurre I it was Donald, Jas. Stephenson, Alex. McDonald,
dealt with in Toronto. and minC'r ca.ses were George E. Spooner, \Vm. Gallop, Terence
heard by one or other of tbe various magis- Kerin, Frederick Herchfield,-McDonald,
trates acting for the township. These Thomas Giles, Wolfgang Road, Frederkk
gentlemen always held their courts at their Herner, Jno. Loughburrow,Jal. Rankin. jr..
own bouses. ::;uch was the Junciion forty Neil McMullen, Thos. Tulley, John Phil-
years ago-a small, sca.ttered community. lips, Wm. Hart, Z&ck. Tulley, \VilIia.m
without power for
ood or evil. What it is Schermer, ADn Pomeroy, (widow) Wm. De
w-d3,Y our readers are able to judge for Mont, Mark Mansfield. Ucegory \Ve11&
themsel Yes.

Early Tor.ut..
Governor Simcoe, when he arrived in Ca-
Early Settlen. nada.. did not
()me direct to Nia
ara. He
Amongst the MS. in tbe archives at Ottawa writes from Montreal on December 7th.
II the first list sent out f('om
ngland of the 1791:-
Loyalists who ha.d fligned to settle in Upper Re proposed snttlement of Toronto-Simcoe t\
C"na.d... Very few oi the names are tamiîiar lJundas, Dee, 7, 1791, dated Montr
al.
in this part of the province, &s these I hcpe to assemble the Legislature in
pioneers settl.d in tbe Midland district, tl:e a.utumn at Niagara, to winter at Cata-
Cl'he li.t reads :- raqui aud early in the spring to occupy with
Loyalists who have aigned to go and settle I such II. central position 8S shall pl'evioullly be
with their families in Upper Canada, Lon- chosen for the capital. If possible, 1 could
don,Dec. 26th, 1791 ;-Isaac Morley,Samuel wish to begin a settlement at 'l'oronto.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

CHAPTER CCXVII.
THE RANGERS AND NAVY HALL..

What It (:0111 In tbe Days of 1792 to lint
th" .'anlons Qneen's RBn::en and to Fit
t;p the Governor's Bouse.

In a lette:- written in 1792 by Alured
Clarke we hay. some interes\õing facts about
the hutting of the Queen's Ran
ers and the
fitting up of Navy Hall at; Niagara. The
r.corda are found in the Simcoe papers in
the Archives Department at Ottawa. Cla.rke
says:-

Ciarla, to Dundas.
"Sm,-In my letter. No, 43, of the itl)
S.,tember, I mentioned that having called
upon Colonel Simcoe, commliloDding in Upper
C6Ðad&, for the returns and estimates of
such wOI"ks &s might be deemed necessary in
Mlat pact of this district, he has stated, 1108 i1í
WM iRlpo,>sible tú reduce to any certain esti-
mate the expense "at; would aconte from
tbe necessity of huttin!! the Queen'. Ran2en
M Niagar
, he would himself make the
neeessuy communication to the Lords Com.
mÏ8liÅoners of his MajeBtY'2I Treasury.
.. The enclol!ed, Nos. 1 to 8, are estimates-of
the works a.Dd repa.irs found necessa.ry all.d
wdered for Colonel Simcoe, to he carried
into immediate execution, a.mounting to one
thousand, five hundred and sixty,four
pounds, fifteen shillings and twopence h30lf-
penny, which I have approved and direct to
be defrayed in
e usu&l ma.nner by the
Deputy Paym&8ter - General of the
For'ee8, taJring for granted that any
further communications tha.t may be
tbQU
t necessa.ry on this head will be made
by Colonel Simcoe, a.8 before stated.
.. I have t.h" honour to be, with great re-
spect, sir, your most obedient and most
faithful humble Benant,
.. ALURED CLARKE."
II The Right Bon Henry Dundas.
.. (Abstra.ct of estimates enclosed.)"
Na.vy Han must ha.ve been quit.e a respect.
able dweHing for the da.ys of 1792. h W&8
of wood, clapboa.rd, aDd outside ef the
original cost of the building Simcoe pro-
posed to spend upon it :a.bout ;(500, or
$2.500 of the currency of to-da.y.
Tlie first memorandum is a.n .. Estima.te ef
tfte expence of erecting 28 log houses for the
accommoda.tioB of Colonel Simcoe's RaB-
@ers at ihe west landing a.t Niagara.."
;( 8 d
No.1, Workmanship.. 95 18 6
No. 2,
ateriala....... 938 1 10

;(1,034 0 .

737

The second is an II Estima.te fort he expence
of fitting up Navy Hall fOI the accommoda-
tion of Colonel Simcoe":
æ s d
No.3, Workma.nship." U6 5 0
No.4, Materials........ 357 0 2

473 5 2
And the third is an "Estimate of expence
of building an oven for use of Colonel Sim-
coe'a cerps."
-J;, s d
No.5, Workma.nsnip.... 5 12 6
No.6, MateriaL...... . . 51 17 2!

á7 9 8ì
The huts for the Queell's Rangers were to
be 28 iD ft1UBber. and quite a ìa.r _e quantity of
timber ". req\liTed for thew &rectiun, A
letter in the w.rchives froln the captain of the
Royal Enpeera at Quòec giT_ details of
the work to be cloDe to make the coJonial
regiment comfortable. It reada ;-
QUEBEO, 8TH ÜC1X>B!::&, :t79i.
EetiBaate ot expence of erecting twenty-
ei2
t lo't hOUlles for the Iiccommodat.i.OIl for
the corps of Queen's Ranger.. at tIN weet
la.nding, ordered by His Excellenc, Colonel
Simcoe, 20th August. 1792, bom the report
of Lieut, :Pilkington, Roy..J Enl{Îneera.
Eaoh ROuse to be 24 feet by 10 in t.he
cleltor. Eight for the offieOl'8. F-otttteen tor
the men. Three for &11. Hospital. bo mess
and cooking houses for the officers, One for
a bake house.

Carpenters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. . . .
1Iasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .
Glaziers. , . . . . . . . . . . . , . . , . . . . .
Smiths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . .

-E, . d
70 00 00
20 5 00
1 15 00
3 18 6

93 18 6

Materials necessa.ry
Six hWldred logs. 26 feet each, 9 in. diam.
One tbo1.1s
nd l
s. 20 feet each, 9 in. diam.
Four hundred 1012:s, 14 feet each, for ra.fter&
Nine hundred fifty Ii in. pine plank.
Six hundred Ii in boards.
Eleven hundred fifty in. boards.
Six thoD6and 20d n&ila
Seventeen thousand IOù nails. ..
Fifty-sIx thooøaftd l'hinglea.
Eighty-foal' thousand shingle nails
OBe hundred eighty-nine barrels lime
Fiye thousand four hundred bricks
Four hundred twenty-six panes 1'1&88
Forty-eight Ibs putty
Nineteen pieces fiat iron. 6 feet long each.
Eie;ht pieces do, 5 feet long each,
Eifht.een pieces aqoltore iroll. 6 feet long each.
Twenty-eight pair books and straps
Four hl:l.ndred a.nd forty eight feet runnÏil.1 3
ÍD. oak plank, 8 in. broad.

738

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

Amoun\ing to ninety-five pounds, eighteen I inch boards. 24,000 shingles. 7,000 lath..
shillings and sixpence currency. 150 Ibs. 30d nails. 50 lbs. 20d nails. 280
BENJ. FISHER, lbs. lOd nails. 25 Ibs. 8d nails. 400 lbs.
Capt. Commanding Royal EOiineers. shingle nails. 140 lbs. lathing nails. 200
Approved. lbs. 5 inch .pikes. 180 barrels lime. 25
(Sipned,) ALuRED CLA.RKE: bushels hair. 7,000 bricks. 60 lbs, stucco.
Estimate of the expeAse of erectmg 25 lbs. whiting. 332 panes glaes. 64 lbs.
twenty--eight log houses for the accommoda- I putty. 36 lbs. white paint. 6 IbB. blue
tion of the corps of Queen's Rangers at the I paint. 12 lbll brown paint. 4 lbs black
West Landing, as per Captain Fisher's e.ti- paint. 7 gallons lin.eed oil, 1 gallon
male, dated Quebec, 8th October, 1792. spirits turpentine. 6 lbs. .6g blue, 12 lbs.
-J; .. d. glue. 2 stock locks. 12 door locks. 3 pad-
600 logs, 26 fee
each 9 in. diam. locks. 12 pair H hinges, 12 pair H bin
es.
at 5s each. ................ .150 0 0 12 window bolts. 12 door bolts. 16 dozen
1,000 logs,20 feet each, 9 in. diam screws. 18 sAshes and: catchel!. l cwt.
at 5s each. ........,....... ...250 0 0 I small square iron.
cwt. small fiat iron.
400 logs, 14 feet each, for rafters, I Four sheets iron.
at 5s each.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100 0 0 Amounting to one hundred and sixteen
950 feet I! inch pine plank, at 18 , pounds, five shillings, currency.
3d each.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 59 7 6' BENJ. FISHJ;R,
600 ! inch boards, at Is 8d each, .. 30 0 0 Capt. <.:omdg. R. Engrs.
1,150 I inch do, at Is each.. .... 57 10 0 Approved,
6,000 20d nails at 14s pCl'
r '" 4 4 0 Signed, ALURED CLARKE, A.C.
17,000 10d nai
s at 10" per M..... 8 10 0 Estimate f.:>r above-
5tJ,ooo shingles at 45s per M.. . .126 0 0 I -J;357 Os 2d. currency.
84,OOC shingle nails at :h 6d per M 14 14 0 JOHN CRAIGIE,
189 barrels of lime al 9s each.... H;) 1 O! Com. & Q. M. General, A.C.
5,400 bricks at 60s per l\I. . . . . . .. lü 4 0
426 panes of glass at 6d eol.ch.... 10 13 0 QUEBEC, 8th October, 1792.
48 pounds of putty at 10d.. . . - . . . 2 0 0 Estimate of the expen.e in building an
19 pieces of fla.t iron, 6 ft, lon!{ oven for the use of the corps of Queen's
each, at 5s each............... 4 15 0 Rangers a.t the West Landing, ordered by
8 pieces of fle.t iron,5 ft. long each, I His Excellency Colonel Simcoe, 20th August,
a.t 4s each....,....,.... _ . . . . _ 1 12 0 I ' 1792, from the report of Lieut, Pilkington.
]8 pieees square iron. 6 ft. long Royal Engineer.
each, at 5. e<\ch. . . . . . . .' _ . . . . . 4 10 0 I Masons and brickla
ers..:E3 10s. Od.
28 pairs hooks and straps at 4s pl'. Smiths. . . . . . ... . . :.. . . . .:EO 7s, 6d.
pair.......... ................ 512 0 Labourers............. ..i:115c. _ Od.
<<S feet 3 in. oak pla.nk, 8 in.
broad, a.t 4d per ft. . .. .. .... .. 7 9 41 :E5 123. 6d,
-9
MoI.terials - 7,500 bricks, 45. brls. li
e,
J - C A C 15 batteaux loads sand. one pelce, 2
Ill.
E t . t f k . OHN h RAI
IJ:, d . . d flat iron, 6ft, long. 6 sheets iron, and 121bs.
'. .! Ima e 0 ma lUg suc repal.l'
&0 a - rod iron. Total value-:E5 128. 6<1. cur-
clltIons at. .N'lVY Ran as are reqUisite for the B FISHER
accommoda.tion of his Excellency Colonel ( rency: ..
Simcoe, ordered bv him 26th July, 1792, Est
mate of th
,.expence of sundry
from the report of Lieut. Pilkington, Royal materials for the buIlamg _ cf an oven for
En!!Íneer. the ulle of cc.rps of the York Rangers at
..
II d. the West Landing required in Captain
Carpenters' work...... 8') Ö 0 Fisher's estimate of the 8th OctobeI, 1792.
Bricklayers' a.nd plastel'l!' 18 0 0
s. d.
Smiths' . . .... ... ...... 2 5 0 1 7,500 brick. at 60s per thd... , . . .. 22 10 0
Gl!i.ziers' . .. ... ........ 2 0 0 45 brls lime at 6s per brl. . . . . .. 20 5 0
Painters' .. ... .t.. . . .... 2 0 0 15 batteaux loads of sand at lOB 7 10 0
Labourers' , . . . . .. . . . . . . 12 0 0 I piece 2\ in. flat-iND, 6 ft.
_ - _ long, at 5s. . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 5 0
1I6 5 0 6 s)leetB of iron at 4......,.... 1 4 0
J[aterial3neceasary:- . 12Ibs.ofrodironat30spercwt. 0 3 2

600 feet round pin
6 by 8 in. 2.000 feet i
round scantlin;, 5 by 6. 4.000 feet round I

DtliDg. 4 by 5. 350 1
iu. pine plank.
100 Ii in. boards. 300 inch bOloI'ds 600 i

æ51 17 2

JOH
CRAIGIE,
Com. and Q. :\1. Genl

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

'i39

An interesting letter accompanies tha esti-
mates. It gives a statemens about Navy
Hall, showing that the original building was
erected durin
t.he war of 1770-75. It
reads :-
Be ].
avy Hall and tM huts-Extract (rom
ldte:r, dated Quebec, !d5th May, 1793, from
Alured ctarlæ to Rt. Hon. Henry Dundas:
I shall begin with the building eight huts
for coverin'{ the Queen's Rangers, This
regiment arrived at Quebec in the summer
without my receiving any ini.>rmation con-
oeroinO' it other than a.n information the
year b
fore that it was in contemplation to
raise such a corps. Of course, no previous
measures could be taken tor their accommo-
dation. Imm'9diately on their arrival they
disembarked. and wete conveyed with their
baggage, stores, etc , to the Upper Province,
leaving it to Colonel Simcoe's discretion to
quarter them where he thought it would
best answer the purposes for which they
were raised. Upon their arrival it became
necessary to take steps for effecting a more
substantial protection from the weather of
the approaching season. The circum-
stances of the case would admit
of no delay, and the plan adopted
was most advisable, not only as being most
expeditious but, considered in an economical
Tie"" less expensive and at the same time
more durable tha.n barrack I to be construct-
ed of materia.l made from timber then
standing.
ThE! building of an oven for th<'ir accom-
modatiou was equally necepsary, th:l.t; being
the only means in the infant state of the
.eUlement by which they could have been
furnished with bread.
.Another part oÍ the service to be carrie!l
into execution without wø.itmg for a previ-
ou. approbation was making the repairs
and additions to Nu.vy Hall which Co).
Simcoe found necessary lor the immediate
accommodation of himself and family, as
well as several officers of his Government.
This building is on the west side of
Niagara river and was erected in the course
of the last war by order of the commander,
in-chief of the forces for the use of the
officers of the N ave.l Department; servmg
upon Lake Ontario; thatestabhshment being
lIio.ce considerably reduced and the house
not; being . much wanted during peace, did
not from time to time recei.ve the repairs it
ltood in need of; and in iti! best state could
be considered but a paltry residellce for
the King'. representative. However such
as it w.as, it was the only one
at offered,
or that could be produced as a shelter until
a better or more commodious one could he
provided, bat in the then stll.te and condi-
'ion thereof it could not have been inha.bited

in the winter, and .0 fø.r was the season ad.
vanced that it was not possible to transmit
any plan or proposals to England for pre.
Tiou. considera.tion or directions; under
these circumstances, and considering the
buildm
as bein
under the immediate
orders of the military commander-iv-chief,
I was in.1uced to approve and authorize thE!
paymeni of tbe alterations and repairs neces-
liJary for the rêception of Colonel Simcoe's
family. etc., just a.rrived in a new countrr,
&nd who without this &l!sistanze mnst have
suffered the grea.test inconvenience, which
from his public character he certainly should
not have been exposed to.
The accommodation for the officers of the
staff of Upper Canada was equally indispen.
sable an-' likewise received my sanction.
I have the }'onour to be, your moat
obedient and most faithful humble servant,
ALURED CLARKE.

CHAPTEH. CCXVIII.
NHAT 5IMC
E WROTE OF YORK.

Us Fitness as an Arlellal -The Proposals
&0 Fortify the I-lace.
Lieut.. Governor8imcoe thought a {{rea t deal
of the old town of York, now 10ronto. Had
his oriO'inal intention been carried out we
should ohave had quite a fortification on the
Island at the west point. Simcoe, in writ.ing

o Lord Dundas, says :-
28th ApriJ, 1792.
.. Toronto appears to be the national
arsenal of Lake Ontario, and to afford an
easy acceas over land to Lake Huron."
The propos!!.l to fortify the Island is given
in detail. The block house referred to was
erected at Gibralta.r Point, a hundred feet
north of Hanlan's. Fitone wa.s not used, but
in all other regards the deecription of the
block house is accurate. For many yea: s it
was thought that the block house was near
the light house, but thii lettoer effectually
dii!poses of this statement, for the block
house .. wholly commands the entrance to
the harbor." Tha letter is written by Lieut,
Pilkington, an officer of the Royal En2i-
neers. It reads :-
NIAGARA, 6th Sept., 1793.
SIR,-Pursning the idea of occupying
Point; Gibraltar with a cavalier or stone rB-
doubt, for commanding the entrance into
the harbour of York, serving also in a more
general view of a system for the defence of
the place and for the immuliate purpose of
Government, for depositing nav.l And mili-
tery stores in the greatest security, with the
smallest garrison; I beg to offior a square
block-house, fifty-eight feet in tHe clur, the
lower part cOl1l!1ió'ting of a powJn mae:azine
and store rooms and the upper plloI'i
o serve

7fO

LAND:\-1ARKS OF TORONTO.

as barra.c ' ,.. The lower storey under part
of the upper, forming the breastwork of a
battery in barbet, to be of masonry, the re-
maining part of the second storey of log
WOl'k, grooved into uprights, removabìe in
case of any emergence. The whole of the
lower part to be made bomb-proof, by tim-
bel's ,supported by pillars"and.the party walls,
and for the greater security of the po\vder,
the maga.áne, with the passages leading to
it, to be arched with brick.
As the proposed pl)sition of the work is
not .ubject to any fire on the north side but
from the harbour, it will be a.dTisa.ble to h.aTe
the entrance on that side, and as the lower
pa.rt of the building may serve for barracks
in cue of any attack, it may be expedient
also to have the sa.me side constl ucted so 1101
to admit of the requisite light and air on
such an occupation. The best side wholly
commands the entrance to the harbour, and
the south a narrow beach leading to the ex-
treme point of the la.nd forming the
barbour ; on the east side there
is an a(lYanta.geous position against the
proposed work, which though detached by
unfordable Waters it may be necessary to
occupy or remove.
The probable expcl1ss of the blockhouse
is for workmanship only, as a considerable
share of attention will b'9 requisite to the
foundations. I estimate at seven hundced
and eighty-five pounds st,erling, considering
the labouring part, to be performed. chiefly by
the military; of the expense of the ma.terials
I cannot at pre'Sent form any precIse idea.
hut it may be concluded from tbe facility
....ith which stone, lime and timber may be
procured, they will be obtainable at a very
rea.sonable rate.
I have th" ho
our to be. sir,
Your Excellency's most obediel't
and very humble servant,
ROBERT PILKINGTON.
To His Excellency Cot Simcoe.
THE TOWN AND ARSENAL AT YORK.
Simcoe was very anxious to hurry forward
the settlement of York. The broken froni
referred to tbe lands facing the ba.y and lake
shore. Simcoe writee :-
Simcoe to Dl/-ndas.
YORK, Sept. 11,] 793,
., The great importance that it appears to
the Ceuncil to promote the erection of
TOWN has 301M c.oøo&sioned them to deviate
from the 2eneral plan to assist the settlement
at Toronto or York. It ....as thought ex-
pedient to reserve the whole of
he Broken
Front for Garrison purposes as well as to
prevent the scattering of the inhabItants in
such sitnations &S their fancy or interes

might induce them, which would ever pre-
Tent that compactne8s in 8. t"wn which it;

seems proper- to establish; two or three of
the front concessions are therefore granted
in this township, and the reserves will be
made in the back lands, but; reser.-es will be
made near this Harbour, of Timber, which
must in time become valuable, as it is pro-
posed to furnish from hence all that may be
wanted in the fortresses on the Lakes."
Governor Simcoe thought that York had
advan tages over Kingston. He proposed to
winter the fleet ø.t York and erect buildings
for naval purposes. These buildings stood
on the bay shore, south of John street, and
were afterwards the commissary buildings,
They were of frame and clap-boarded.
When orij.:inally erected they were of logs.
Simcoe ss-y. in his letter to Lord Dundas :-
Re .Arsenal at York-Simcoe to Dundas.
Sept 20, 1793.
cc I allo enclose for your inspection an actua
lurvey of the Harbour of York (late
Toronto) the proper naval and military
arsenal of Lake Ontario, and, in a great
measure of Upper Canada. The port of
Kil1
ston. which is at the mouth of the
River St. La
rence, is, from its extent
and situation absolutely indefensible,
and by being constantly frozen up
during the winter is certainly
liable at that season tt) be destroyed, I\.S it is
a.i no grea.t distance from the United States.
II I propose. therefore, that the winter
station of the Fleet, and the refitting post.
and such naval buildings as may be want,
ing, be ai York. This post is at a gl'eat
d.iatance from the foreign shore, is ca.pable
if being easily defended, and the 'trants of
land having been made by the present Gov-
ernment. sufficient care ha. been taken that
great reservations of timber should. be made
for naval purposes. The floating ice (and a
bridge which it makes from 'he island. near
Kingston to the Continent) prevents the
shipping in that harbour, as well as in that
of Nia&!ara, from sailing for leveral days in
the spring when it il practicable to be at sea
from York."
\Vhen the war with France occurred Sim.
coe felt that the Rangers would be better at
York-so he writes to Lord Dundas :-
II Upon the first news of the rupture with
France, I determined to withdraw the
Queen's Ran
er8 from the unhealthy vicinity
of Niagara, where they were encamped, and
to occupy York. IlIubmiUed to the Com-
mande_'.in-Chief my intentions and desired
his sanction to antbori.ze me to construct a
Block Houe to defend 'he entranae of the
harbour, detailing to him its properties and
the security it ....ould afford to the CiVil
Governmen' of the Province, at the .ame
time stating in the capacIty of Civil Governor
that was I not obedient to his authority I

LAN[,MARKS OF TORONTO.

7'1

should certainly occupy and in some degree I be fully understoOfl that it is much more
eecure that pOl:!t, for the residence of the easy of access than uniform reports and fre:
Civil officers of the Government, and that quent enquiries had gIven room to imagine.
the only protection of the country should
not depend on such a miserable fortress as
Niagara, situated within the Line of the
Uaited
tates."
THE FIR.ST PARLIAMENT HOUSE.
In the sa.me letter Gov.
imcoe writes COD- The &eeords I- the Arcltlves-A. Descrlp-
cerning 1ihe Rangers and thek housing- aad &lUD or Peri }Vla.:ara .. n9O,
also gives us important information.. to the The records in the .Archive Department at
meeting place of the first Legislature. The Ottawa are of gr eat value to all who are in-
store houses referred to were part of the t
rested in the earlier history of the coun-
Navy Ban pr'Jperty. Another pa.ragraph try, espeeiaUy the western part of Canada..
in the letter refers to the harbor of Y wk, In the correspondence of 1790 there is a.
and also to the fact that merchants were letter from R&lfe Clench,a"'member of a well-
buying lots in the pioneer town. Thia was known Niagara family. His letter is datetl
surely the first land boom. GOY. Bimcoe Nassau, 28th AU
Ulilt, 1790, and is written
wrItes :- to Jobn Johnson, Bart" Navy Hall, The
Re Queen's Rangers' Barracks, samt letter. letter gives Sir John information regarding
L&st year I hutted the Queen's Rangers the purcha.se of part of the Six Nations
as well as possible near to Niagara, and I counti"Y by some Americans. The lands
fitted up the king's barrll.cks and store leem to have been near the Grand River.
houses to contain the offices of Government The pioneers of Cana.da. prior to 17
1 very
and to accommodate tlMt Legislature of tae frequently addressed and headfid their (:01'-
.Province, who mus
for some time have their respondence with the na.me of the district
annua.l assembly at that place. These tem- in which they were located.
porary buildings I thought it a grellot public In 1788. by proclamation of Lord Dol'-
saving to refit. a.s it is mos' probab e they chester, that part of Ca.nada west of the
will be require:d hereafter for various Govern- Ottawa was formed intv four district8, viz,
menta.l purposes, or sold advantageously tor Lunenburg, extending from the Otta.wa to
the public benefit. I to the river Gana.noque;
lecklinburR, from
The occupa.tion of the harbour of York I the Ga.nalloque to the Trent; N ass.u,
totally ta.ke upon myself iu the capacity of from the Trent; to Long Point on Lake
Civil Governor, and I should forthwith pro- Erie; and Hesse, which included the
ceed on the storehouses which I propose to I remainder of Canada to the
t. Clair.
erect, as is most necessary for the public I In 1791 the Constitutional Act wall
st'rvice, but at the same time Leing con- introduced into the Hou8e oi Lords for the
vinced that, as permanent storehouaes may further adjustment of Canadian matters.
be so built as to contribute essentially By this !lct Can&da waa divided 1Dto two
to the stren
th of this important provinces by a line drawn from POln:-au.
post and th9 whole colony, and Baudet, on Lake St. Francis, to Point;
the incorporating such a military pllrpo!.le Fortune-on the Ottawa, thence along the
inlo the arrangement of what is necessary course of that river to its hp.ad waters and
to preserve the public stores, bringing it the southern limit of the Hudeon Bay Terri-
under the
ognizance of the Board of Ord- tory.
nance, 1 feel much embarrassed. " Following this a correspondence giving a
Lieut. Pilkington, the Engineer, ha.s fur- description of 'Fort Niagara, which in 1790
nished his estima.te of thf: aggregate of the was in Can
lda, but by the treaty was hand-
exþense which the purposed storehouses and. ed over to the United States, Ths account
block house will cost, and which I be
to is contained in a letter written by Ma.thews
lubmit for your considera.tion. Having to Nepea.n :-
thus, sir, entered into the system which I Mathews to Nepean.
consider as absolutely ne
essary for the de- II Fort Niagara is situated upon an angle
fence and security of the Province intrusted formed by the la.ke and river; the side next
to my charge. I the land has two half bastions with a long
Me.rchants buymg lotlj in York. I curta.in and ravelin, all of sod work; there
I hope to complete the military street is a. Btrong stockade in the ditch, wkich is
(throu
h the province) in tke ensuing autumn! dry, and on the Berm (?) a smaller line of
The merchants and traders have alrea.dy turn- I pIckets sloping outwards; there a.r. two
ed their eyes to this communication and ob- block houses of ma.son work in the gorges of
ta
ned.lot8 in York
pon luch a I!peculatioD; the bastion, mounting each two pieces of
thIs will be greatly Increased when i. shall cannon, en barbette, which commands the

CHAPTER CCXIX.
OLD NIAGARA.

742

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

whole country within their range. The I Province of Quebec in the civil way, bull
sides next the lake and river an stockaded, that 1 was M.i.litary Provos' Martial for the
and on the opposite side of thè river arë two City of Queb:c and its dependencies,
pon
bastions mounting 12 and 18 pounders the which the discourse ended for th&t time.
whole'; a good sta.te of defence." , On Sunday, the 5th, about 5 o'clock in the
evening, Mr. Livin. sen, ilia servaBt, who
I informed me hi!'! mas\er wanted to speak te
me ; when 1 arri.-ed a.t his lodgings, I was
conducted into his study. and as soon as
he asked me if the man and his wife were
released I told him they were not; he
]lUes Prenl1ee aad 'he Jnd:e. then said he would lend me an order that
One of the well-known names in the city they" should be brought before him, and
of Quebec from 1759,60 until 1787 was Miles when examined, if he found .uffident
Prentice, the Provost Marshal of Quebec. rea.on for BO doing, he would commit them
Prentice was a popular fellow. He kep
the to the common ja.il and 2ive them a trial,
Freemason.' Tavern &nd &lso the Sun Tavern and if founei guilty. have a public example
in the ancient city, and it was his niece that made of them," to which 1 &nswered that, I
came within &n ace of marriage with Lord would not deliver them without an order
Nelson when he was commander of the from the Lieutenant-Governor; he then said,
Albemarle, lying at Quebec. An old record "If I would not deliver them upon his
h&8 turned up in the Archiyes Department order." as Chief Justice of this Province,
at Ottawa, concerning Prentice and a man h he would be under the necessity of com.
named Gi.roux. It appears that Pren*ice, aB mitting me to ja.i1 :" upon which I replied.
Provost Maraha.l, had Giroux and his wife that I was fifty years of age, aHd had never
under arrest and locked up in jail. The yet been confined an hour; he then added.
chief justice, it appea.rs,
hought
hat the "I do not understand that people should
pair s-hould be liberated. Prentice thought' be put into prison by any person and there
differently, In order to bring matters to a. kept in confinement duriDg pleasure."
focus, the chief had &n interview with Pren- (
igned) MILES PRENTICE.
tiee, in which the latter was very emphatic Quebe<.;, 6th October. 1777.
&nd would not yield. H. said: PcraoI\allyappeared before me, Miles Pren-
On Saturday morning, the 4th instant. i\
r. tice, of the City of Quebec, and made
Livins met me near the Postoffice and de- oath on the Holy Evan
eJist. to the
sired that I would turn back to my house; truth of the foregoing declaration.
he wanted to øpeak to me and called for a (Signed) THOS. SCOTT, C. P.
private room for that purpose. The first Endorsed--l\Iiles Prentice's, Provost Mar-
question Mr. Livins asked wal. "Ha.ve you tial Declaration under Oath, 6th Oc.:t., 177ï.
not a man and his wife in your prison!" 1 '
&nswered 1 had, upon which he laid. "I
should be glaã to knoW' the man's name and
how his name is spelled!" 1 answered I
could not tell him exactly. but would look
for the commitment. When 1 had found it
Mr. Livins took down the man's na.me on
a piece of paper. with pen and ink, and I
believe the whole, or at)east a part, of the
commitment, after doin
which he told me,
.. 1 had no right or authority to imprison No.
them on thd commitment. as it appeared to Roval Fusiliers...................... 67
bim to be a very odd one a.nd &8 a military Royal Emigrants. . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . .... 177
Provost Martial he thought I had no right I Corps of Seamen............. ........ 358
to rsceÌ\.'e any other priøoners than those Marines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
belonging to the military. II I then made Artificers, &c.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
answer that any prisoners sent to me from I British Militia....... ........... _..... 277
the General or Lieutenant-Gonrnor I would Canadian Militia. . . . . . . .... .. . . .... .. 508
take them in charge, or even from him, Company of Invahds.. . , . . , . . . . . . . . . . 55
till Buch time as they were examined. '
He then said. "I had n. right to Total........,................l,566
reoeivt any priloner. from him, except FORCES AT THRU RIVERS. JUNE ). 1776.
thro' compliment. &8 1 was only Proyost i 9th, 20th, 21st, 24th. 29th, 31st. 34th,
Martial to thE' Army. II I &nswered that I' 47th, 53rd, 62nd, 1st Batt. Royal Emigrant.
knew I was not Provo.t MartiaL for the 4 companies Roy",l Artillery.

CHAPTER CCXx.
A PROVOST MARSHAL IN 1777.

A.a Old MIlitary B.rtar..
In the Archives Department at Otta.wa
there is an old return of the garrison at Que.
bec and at Three Rivers in 1776. There
were but few re
ulars at Quebec, but DO less
than eleven regiments and four companies
of artillery at Three Rivers.
EJtTURN 01.1' REGlMK

IN GARRISON AT
QUEBEC, MAY I, 1776,

.;-;:v.....:., .

.,
':'>.' :;:
,

7 R
P ',I."..='P -
",vKO.ï
: ·

VOLUME L

NUMBER 1.

GAZETTE

UPPER

CANADA

OR

AMERICAN

ORACLE.

eoooeooeooooo
o
oeoo

4

THURSDAY, APRIL 18,1793'

$
.:-

..!.

JOHN GRAVES SIMCOl.
PROCLAMATION
'Far '
fatprtJ1t111 of PiCt;
fØlltfttf' f!1 Immurel;:,.
BY '8 rs EXCIL Lt:"cY,
JO.HN "G'RA VES 51 MCOE, [rGuire.
lMattaIÞfI Gowntor I!I Colt1lttl C.oIlÌ,"andir>.{ H.. MejtJJ', ,
FllrCl'. ;,,"tProt.;ørt of Upp(r Caoada, ,
, WHEREAS il i.t:,e Indifp=nf:ble
':.

,dUlY ofal! P
op:e, .n
,more "

'iN

..
ef
l3l1yor.1I Ch"f...n N4110ns. to ' I
' .
Jo""
..., þref
rve and 2,h'
"ce the Honcnn4 i

;" . '.- ,;:,.... 'S
".ce 'of AI::,,

,'y GODI .,'d
o ,
*' ',r . 'd,rcouuge inti lupprd-" all y,re, '
, Pr9bnen
rs 2nd 1..,..,onIiIY, ..hicll i
if not timely pre;'e'ntl!d may jufrly t!m. down tlie Divine :
Vengeance uponUnn
ourCou!'try
An
Hn
.j<r.r :
baving for the.promol1o!, of
utue, ,and 10 le.nc=P.Jc!S
to Ihe bell inlerc/l. of H,s SubJe&, lI
ven cø:lImind fot
Duling all La", urade a
.Ï!if. B
.fp!'
:"YI Prof",,,,
,'s,
'
f

d;lli;I,S
::i
g
;fID"'Z;1k

:
' t
b
A

pul in [.rec-01tòc>n in C'rery part of Ihe Protoi.ace, I dd
Ùlfrelore dir
, require
nd cbrnmand. Ihe P.cace OlJicen
andConllables ofrhe ftvml To..n. and TriWnm;p., 10
=
i
:

:7
;u.ruffi

'
f
t:it

tl
e I
;i;s
i

'or .10 any of Ihe othn lemponl Courls: AøI (or
'

mM:
f:

=Úd
tt
rCl

:! Jc

c

/Ii

:
putting Ille Laws againfl Crimes and Offences rolo de-
culion, arc diretled and commanded 10 exerl'lhemfclves

"b
htb

r=

i
n off

d f:n;
;:?:h
f kf
:

;:
laid I and alfo of .11 perfons 'thaI, conlrary to their
dUlY, !hall be remif. or ncglig.nt in þutting the raid

:
nl

nÍ>r
:a

1 fu
h;

í
akf;r:
: i
o
i
'CIIUrt. of Ju!lice. on the 6r/1 day of every Selúon to
be held in Ihe caurfe of Ihe prefenl year, and more er-
'pecially i.. fuch 01 'Hi. M1IJelly'. COurt., as have the
CQgniZln
e of Crime. and Offences; re.ommending Ihe
'fanle,-to all Chri/lian Minillers of cvuy denominalion,
tl> caufe Ihe fame Proclamation 10 be read fa}.u tim..
In'the-C.id yen, immc<lialely ar:er Divine Service, in
:1111 places of-Public
orlhip, a
d Ih21 t
ey do Iheir ut-
man EndeaV"\1f, 10 .nClte theIr refp.fllve Audi.ors 10
'the pnftice ofPj
ly
d Virtuc,.-nd Ihe ""oiding ofëvery
':

i:'H

;IIG3p.tlo

}
f
uëh
n
liIY of Ihe.Religion
GIn" under my Handand Scal at Arms at the Go-
"efnt:1
1 H':l1fe, NAVY HA:LL, Ihe [lcventh
day of Apri!, in the Year of our Lord O!1e
"thoufand leven'Hundred and Ninely-lhrce;and
in , the Thirty-thlid Yeor of HiJ Majefiy's
Reign. r
J. G. S.

ty Hi, brr1Im'''', C"",mmul.
\\ J4. J A l-l VIS, SCCt
t
t>..

THE KIN G' SSP E EC H
Tb aOTft HOUSEl or PAIrLU,MENT.
Drcmbtr 13, '71a.
\1] Lord, IÌfId Gn,rI'/IItn.
H ^ VINt; judged il r.ece{f.ry- 10 nnbody a p'!'! of
, the mililia o[ this KII1RdQ;;" I hIve in purfu.n
e
, of Ihe provlFbn!l of the ...
. called you logelher
within. the'time liÓ1ited rot tha, pu'pore, it is On every
i

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ld h

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d c:

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t;;fdal
o ,t
u

e

;u
l:i
"m";
fubjc.'Þ h&ge tlerlved 'Iì-om a lI,ale of trJnquil;ly I but
!'Vents have recenlly occurrrd .hich requirt ó
uo;tcd
,'igi!arlce and 't,rhon in o.rder 10 preferve Ihe a4".nt,-
1;'" which we h,ve hitherto e
j"yed,
m

:c

':.I r;[t
: fi

...'ìa::pl
:ft"d
l
f
=
in Ihe bn fe!lion, .nJ 1>y'll.e gener ,I concurrence of mv
propl. in the fame fenlimen", ha
e of late been mo,,.

"
:de
7

d: ;

;

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t

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c

ir}

J1naices) has !be..., itfe!f in aas of ri.ot arid infurrcaio..
",hich required Ihe in:eipolilion of . military fOl{'e i"
fupporl of IheCivil Mogifiute. The indullry employc.1
to excite difcontent on v.ri.us pm...s olid in dirrereot
V'rls of the kingdom h1l appe.rcd to pr
ted f,oll\

deliS" loattempllhe del\ruaion of ourh.pfIYconll,tuti-
01). and Ihe fubverfror1 :O,r all ardtt and Aove"1menl ; .nd
Ihl. delign has eviden'tt)l'
en purfucd' in, CODneaion.
and concert wilh períons 10 foreIgn counlfles.
I have careruly obfernd a IIrié. neulralit)' in Ihe ;>r
,
fent Wlr on the continent, anI! have unifonlll)' .bft.mcl
from any inierference with ",fpeR to the internal a<F..r,

:eF

ne;f;

':: i
r1

r:e

I
h
o

;oa

ein
:
r."
'

indications ",!lieh have appeared thne 0/ a.n inlentioß
lob excite dillul'bances in- olher countries, 10 difreg:rrl
Ihe ri
hlS ofncotnl nations, and to purfue vie... of con-

::f
a
h
aC:t

izG::::
la(,,

1
:

o :
fc

:d
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..

""ul,lIily with myfelf} Ø1e.1fures ",hich are neilher con-
fonnable 10 Ihe 12,9 of nations, lIor to Ihe polili"e :h.
pulation. of cxifiing trealieS. Undeulilhefe circuml\.m-
ce.l have felt il my, indifpenlible dulY to ."ve recourl"
10 Ihofe melll. of p,eventlon and int.mal defenc. .,Ih
",hich I am enlrull:d by Ia..! and 1 hive .Ifo th!,:.t
h".
il right to lalre fi.ps fOT making fome augmenl..,on ,

JI1Y tiav.} and mililary force, bemg perfuJdc<llbat ,hel:
exertions .re nece{fJry in Ihe prefent nale of afT..n. on,{
are bell cakubted bo1h 10 maml.in internal tnnqu.hly,
and to render :r 6nn and leu-p.ule coodull effeCtual ic

'prefnving Ihe bJe!ling. of peace.
Nt/lhing will be neglelleð 00 m,r. part that c.n Conrrl.

f
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te
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"'e iiIC bound eîu.ally by Înlettft &DiJ

:FAC SnllI,E OF Fl1tsT P.\GE OF FTR'iT UPPER CASAD.\ t:.\ZETT"
_

()p_ -; 4;

LANDMARKS OF TORO:NTO,

7"3

10 reams of printing pott
8 reams of folio foohcap, plain.
8 reams of folio post, plain.
Tbe (jenteDDlal of' tbe Flrll& Newllpaper In 9 reams of quarto pos', plain.
t'ppel' Vanada-Tbe Firat Order 1"01' PapeJt 4 rea.ms of quarto post, gilt.
and Type. 6 reams of quarto post, bll\cke:l
e.
The Upper Canada Gazette was the first Niage.ra, Nov. 4th, 1892.
newspaper published in Upper Canada. It SiRDed, LOUIS Roy, Printer.
was issued at Niaga.ra. or N ewa.rk, on the Prior to 18GO the Gazette was remov
d
18th April, 1793. Louis ß01 was the from Nia.gara to York. The print.ers were
printer. He was from Lower Cana.da The within sight of a libei suit tor publishing a
' paper was a folio in size, each page bein
let
r reflectill
on a. very worthy citizen of
. 15 by 9 inches. It was three dollars per York, Mr. William Allan, the founder of
annum. The followin
was the first order Moss Park, and tbe father of the Hon. G.
given for type, which was imported speci- W. Allan. The publishers of the Gazette had
ally from England in 1792-93. The record inscrted a lctter from "A Farmer" reB.ecting
is from the Archives departrr..ent at Otta.wa. on Mr. Allan, and that gent.leman promptly
Requisition Type for Printing O(Jlce, U. C. called the attention of the Governor to the
1 fount of Brevier Roman, 2501bB. fact. The printers evidently made matters
1 fount of Brevier Italic, 100 lbs. right, for they were not dismissed, but con.
1 fount of Long Primer Roman, 350 Ibs. tinued the publication of the paper.
1 fount of Long Primer Italic, 250 Ilia. The complaints were made the subject of
1 fount of Pica Roman, iiOO Ibs. a. sp
cial meeting of the Executive CounciJ.
1 fount of Pica It:a.lic, 200 lbs. The minutes read :-
1 fount of Great Primer Roman, 150 Ibs. COUNCIL CHA:&IBER AT YORK.
1 fount of Great Primer Italic, 100 lbs. 25th March, 1800.
1 fount of Double Pica Script, 200 lbe. PRESII;NT:
1 fount of Small Pica Black, 1001bs. The Hon. John EI1JJsley, Chief Justice.
Also the following alphabets of two-line The Hon. Peter Russell.
letters: The Hon. Æneas Shaw.
5 alphabets of 5-1ine Pica. Mr. Allan, a merchant in York, com-
7 .. of 2-line English. plained of AD article inserted in the
8 of 2-line Sma.lI Pice.. Gazette of tbe 22nd inst, and signed" A
10 II of 2-line Long Primer. Farm
r.J which sta.tes bim to be a candidate
12 II of 2. line Brevier. I for the County of York at tbe ensuing elec-
9 " of 2-line Pica. tion. Mr. Allan stated that the assertion
8 II of 2-line Great Primer. is entIrely without foundation, and is
N. B.-The letter founder is requested in apprehensive that if it reaches the persons
casting these new founts to cast figures, bracE,s, with whom he is connected in the Lower
rules, fractions, references, small capital't, Province, and is uncontradicted, it may very
etc., and also signs of the zodiac, planets, materially affect his interests.
aspects, etc., and a complp.te assortment of The Board conceives tha.t the printers are
flowers, King's coa.t of arms, for folios Bond highly culpable in having inserted an article
for quartos; beside some ornamented forts in their paper without authority. But Ðn
anà woods, quotations, etc. looking at the rest of the article,it thinks it
Stationery :-40 reams of Crown paper. absûlutely necessary to direct tbe Chief
80 reams of demi. Justice immediately to transmit the paper to
20 reams ot foolscap. his Excellency, with the request of the Board
20 reams of printing post. that the printers be immediately dismissed
6 reams of 4th gilt post. from their office, and that hiB Excellency
3 reams wrapping post. will avail himself of his present situation to
1 ledger and day book, p:'o\:ure some other person to be King's
2 barrels iúk. Printer.
A supply of paper was sen
for 1792, lI-finute-s ß5th .1Ifarch, 1890.
which was of good quality, but for the Read a petition from Messrs. Waters and
Gazette bundles of demy were ordered, and Simons, Kin,!'s Printers, acknowledging
accordingly a requisition was sent to En
- their error lD having inserted in the Gazette
land for a supply. The old manuscript reads: of last Saturda.y, an essay. signed ., A
RequisItion for stationery for the Govern- Farmer," and throwing themsf'lves upon
men; printing office of Upper Canada, for his Excellency's clemency for forgiveness.
t.he year 1793. Recommeuded, that the Chief Justice be
6 bundles of printing demy. directed to transmit a copy of this petition
8 reams of printing crown. to his Excellency,

CHAPTER CCXXL
EARLY PRINTINO.

744

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

CHAPTER CCXXII.
THE PROVINCE'S GREAT SEAL.

A.n IJ1terestine )Iemo. Rt"IpecUnK the Same,
Dated 1192.
In 1792 a sect.l for the Province of Upper
Canada was sent out by the English Govern-
ment to Governor Simcoe.
Warrant t; Lieut. -Governor Simcoe for 'I.l,'Iing
Great Seal,
GEORGE R.-
To our trusty and well beloved Guy, Lord
Dorchester, Knight of the Uost Noble Order
of the Hath, our Captain-General and
Governor-in-Chief of our Province of Upper
Canada in America, or to our Lieutenant-
Governor in Canada or Comma.nder-in-Chief
of our said province for the time being :
Greeting-
\Vith this you will receive a seal prepared
by our Order for the use of our said Province
of Upper Canada, the same being engraven
on the one !;ide with a representation of Our
Anchor and Sword >>pon a. Calumet of Peace
ancircled with a Crown of Olive, two
Uornucopia.s, surmounted by an Imperial
Crown and the Union of Great Britain with
this motto :-" Imperl Porreita :Majestas
Custode Rerum Cæsare," and thi
inscription
round the circumference, Sigill, Nos. Provo
Can. Sup, and on the reverse our Arms in a
Shield with the motto, and round the
circumference our Titles. Our will
aùd pleasure is, and we do l.ere'
by authorize and direct, that the
said seal be used in sealing all
public instruments, which shall be madd
a.nd passed in our name and for our service
in a.nd for our said Province of Upper
Canada.
Given at our Court of St. James, the

wenty-eighth day of March, 1792, in the
thirty-second yea.r of our reign,
By His Majesty's Commander,
HENRY DUNDAS.

The Queen's RanKers.
In 1792 Governor Simcoe wrote to Lord
Dundas announcing the arrival of the
QueeR's Rangers. He said :-
QUEBEC, May 28, 1792.
. I ha ve:the pleasure to info
m you that the
transports John and J
etsy, with part of tbe
Queen's Rangers, arrived yesterday."
Afterwards the pioneer Governor wrote
as to huttinlZ the Rangers a.t the new land-
ing on the -Niagara. river. This was up at
Queenston. He says :-
Simcoe to Dundas, re Queen's Ranger..
"I shan be very ha.ppy, sir, when your com-
munications with Lord Dorchester shall

I ena.ble you to decide UpOD the points which
I have stated in mv letter of the 17th of
November last, a.nd'I hope for these specific
communications. My first object, ot course,
has been done away by the very early arriva.]
of the Queen's Rangers, without which cir.
cumstance I could on no emerlZency have
acted in my milita.ry sta.tions in the opinion
of Major General Clarke."
Simcoe to DUMas re York Queen's Ranger3.
" Upon mature deliberations I have found
it advisable to hut the Queen's Rangers at
the new Landing upon the Niagara river,
and early in the spring 1 t:lope to occupy a
post near to long point upon the Lake Erie,
another a.t Toronto upon the Lake Ontario."
Re York a
,d Queen's Rangers-Simcoe to
Dundas.
.. I should consider any other regiments
than the Queen's R!ingers and com-
pany of Royal Artificers remaimng in this
province, though most certainly very useful
from their necessary expenditure a.nd assist-
ance in forming towns (the great defic,ency
in both the Canadas), by no means necessary
in a military sense. The Queen's Rangers
are hutted, by great exertions, at.
the Niaga.ra Landing, now Queenston.
Mr. Street, an inhabitant of the phce,
chose to dispute the Right of the Laud; I
directed the Attorney-General to defend the
suh, and judgment wa.s given in fa.vour of
the Crown."
In 1793 Simcoe determined to remove part
of the Queen's Rangers to York. The le
ter
with this fact is written by Governor Sim-
coe to Lord Dundas, at London. Eng. He
saryS:-
Be Queen'.s Rangers-Simcoe to Dundas.
NIAGAltA, 17 JUNE, 1793,
I mean without delay to tak
pa.rt with
the Queen's Rangers at Toronto (or York)
and sh8011 take an earl V opportunity of ex-
pressing my sentiments to you, Sir, upon
th80t subject.
Heading of letter from Simcoe to King.
YORK (LATE TORONTO), UPFl-:R CANADA,
AUGUST 22ND, 1793.
Simcoe to Dundas,
AUGUS'l' 23RD, 1793,
I have determined to hut the Queen's
Rangers anJ proba.bly to remain with them
this winter at this place. It posflesses many
eminent advantages, whicb I shall do myself
the honour of expatiating on at the first op-
portunity. . . .
It will be notIced 10 the last letter tha.t l'
is headed "York (late Toronto)." 'Ihe
term Toronto was not in use aga.in officially
untillS34, when the city waf! incorporated.

LANDMARKS OF TORO:NTO.

745

I
I Bank. stood the Queen's Head Tavern, kept
for many years by Lewis Bate, and famous
80S a resort, from the more crowded city, on
Dun,tat; Street Forty Tears A....o-A RIIDlhlf" summ..r evenings. This locality was known
from Queen Streel to the -Old ."ellCOdi forty-five yeg,rs ago a8 U Blue Bell Village,"
T.,er... after the tavern just referred to. but when
It, is very difficult for 5hose who only the latter was removed the name given tø
know DundA.s street as it is now, with its the neighbourhood gradually died out. The
street cars, electric lamps. lar'ge stores, Queen's Head, though a very popular estab-
capacious churches and elegant residences. lishment, was by no means a pretentious or
to realize that less than forty years ago the imposing lookin{{ structure. It was only a
s&.mc neighbourhood consisted of !!cattered small two-storey frame house, with a verandah
private houses standing in their own on the sides facing Queen and Dundas streets

rounds, a few cottages surrounded by gar- re3pectively. There was also in front on th(.
dens, a 1 irge market garden, a rope walk. latter side, a capacious horse trough and a
four or five taverns at long distances apart, very small driving shed. Ou the opposite
with here and there a very small general corner to this hostelry was the house in
store. l'rinity University, erected in 1851 the occupation of Mr. J. F. Taylor, for
and 1852, the foundation stone having been many years clerk to the Legislative
laid in May of the Ïormer year, Council. Passing the Queen's Head on the

CHAPTER CCXXIII.
A NORTH
WEST CORNER.

SLUE -S'r:. LL
TAYER N

-
4r/;
r 1;11 ;

was just completed and open for I same side of the street waa a blacksmith's
tbe reception of students. and I shop, two
mall dwelling houses, then a nlU'
the buildings were at that time to all intents row lane leading from the main road into the
a.\d purposes in the country. Leaving I open fields, affording thus a way mto Queen
Trinity on the right and proceeding further street. Pa.st this land again were one or
wesi along Queen I!Itreet was a large open two insignificant buildings and then on
space covering seyeral acres, unfen/}ed and the same side of the road open
undrained, and over which people crossed, fields for several hundred yards. The
as a 8hort; cut; from Queen to Dundas street, lane just mentioned, then. aI!I now, was
reaching the latter at the point where Halton known a8 Rebecca street. The reaaon ii
street now joins it. Pa.8SlDg thi. open space, obtained this name was that the land it
croBsing Shaw and Givens streets. which then crosses wa. purchased by a contra.ctor who
exi!\ted-as not a few of our so called avenues supplied wood to the garrison. He disputed
and streets do t;o-day-in name only, came the right of the road trustees to exa.ct toll
in 1851, (it was removed the following year) from his teams at the gate on Quep.n street,
the old Blue Hell tayern, then one or two near i
1!I junction with Dundas street This
8rnall houses, when Dunda.s 8treet w&sreached. dispute caused a ireat deal of ill-feeling
where, on its eastern corner, on the spot between the contractors men and the keep.
whICh is now occupied by the Dominion ers of the gate, and constant quarrela

746

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

emmed. and sometimes blows were inter-I Ca.ptain Alexander Shaw. It. thou
h a. 10i!
chalJged. Eventually the plot of ground house, was a very comfortable one and was
over which Rebecca street rUDS was pur- built about 179i by Captain, afterwards
chased and a lane cut through which aftord- Major-General Æneas Shaw, grandfather of
ed access from Dundas to Queen street. Alexander. This house was known as Oak
avoiding the hated gate, Owing to these qua.r- Hill and there the Duke of Kent wa. enter-
rels the lane got locally known &8 Rebecca. tained by General Shaw on the second visit
etreet. after th,e Rebeccaites. who in South of the Duke to Canada in 1799 General
Wales in 1843 systematically destroyed wll. Shaw W&8 in his day a fa.mous soldier. H.
gates and bars. The reason they took the served under General Simcoe, who
name of Rebeccaites waa in allusion to the WAI the fint Governor of Upper
reference contained in Genesis, 24, 60. On Canada., as a captain in the
t.he western side of Dundaa street, M far as Queen'. Rangers, a colonial corpa, after-
where Ossington avenue now begins, were wards incorporated into t.he re2ular army.
.mall market gardens, two good-sized dwel- In the winter of 1791-92 Capt. Shaw ae-
ling house., built by a man named complished a remarkable feat, in marching
Thornhill. which are still standing, and with his detachment of Queen's Ran.éers all
one of them occupied by Mr. J. A. Donald- the way from New Brunswick to Montreal

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l!Ion, 1ately Government Emis;tration Agent; I on snow shoetl. Snch a performance is un-
there were also one or two frame cottages. On paralleled in military annals. General

he opposite or eal!ltern side of the s'reet, Shaw died in 1815 from iatigue and exposure
after the fields were passed, was Colonel during the war. He was interred in the
Givins' residence and farms-in all about gra.veyard surrounding the first church of
one hundred acres. Colonel Givins was St. James in Toronto. He left a large
Indian Commissioner, and had served fainily of five sons and an equal number of
through the war of 1812-13-14-15. Be daughters. The whole of the former were
built his house about 1797-8, and resided in officers in the army. His eldest son, Cap-
it until his death. After he died his daugh- t&in Alexander Shaw, became the owner of
ters continued to live there until their Oak Hm, and rel!lided there untIl his death
decease. The building was then on January 12th. 1834. He, too, like àis
(1890) pulled down and a new father, was a galla.nt soldier, and had served
one erected. To the east of l.;olonel in many different parts of the globe. He
Giyins' property was that occupied at the sen'ed in 1805 during tbe expedition to
period of which we are speaking (1852) by N aph
s. was prelient in 1806 at Calabria,

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

747

'GEOR(9E COOl'LRJ> HOUc5f:

. , J " J_
'....-...... ...,

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ø.
a
t- the battle of 11a.ida, and in Egypt of the street stood. in 185<!, a. pretty rough.
in 1807. He was again on active service in I cast cottage with Terandah. Facing Dundas
Holland in 1809, and was also at \-Vaterloo,\ street, in front, was a lawn, and in front o!
He was interred side by side with his parents; tha' again down to the street was a. small
in old St. James'. His s.)n, Captain George i orchard and kitchen garden. This was then
Shaw, then came to Oak Hill. but shortly' occupied by Lieutenant' Colonel Richard
afterwards removed to Kingston, and the Lippincott Denison, who died on .March
old homestead was ren1ied to a brother, Cap- 10th, 1878. Where Ossington avenue now
t&in Alexander Shaw, Capta.in George runs was a la.ne leadin
through the woods

haw's only son, George Alexander, for and fields to the house "Dover-
some time commauùed the 10th Royals, court," then in course of erection
Canadian militia.. Oak Hill. with all for. and from 1853 occupied by, Colonel R.L.

....;

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its interesting associations. WßS pulled Denison.until he died in 1878, On the left of
down several years 801."0. Capta.in Alex- the path. ne&r Dovercourt, stood a fair-sized
ander Sha.w, grandson of the famous frame cottage built by Colon
l Denison's

oldier. served for several years in the father and used in 1846 as a. distillery. R. L.
Incorporated militia after the rebellion of Denison carryin
on the business. The trade
1837. He died in Ja.pan in 1886 while on was discontinued about 1848 and the house
a. visit to his son and daughter. who then re- was let to various tenants until 1854, when
Bided there. At the llpot where Ossington it W&8 rented with the large field, of six
avenue now begins. on the north-west corner acres in front of Dovercourt by an EDllisà-

'148

LAKDMARKS OF TORONTO.

"D'()V-[RCO U RT
. 13.1\..3.

Dr. Thomas Sayage, a medical man of con- I the carriage drive to Dovercour',
sidcrahle a.ttainments. He Hved th
re until known now as the road of the
IS:;;. when he removed to Clair\"Ïl1e. Pro. same name, and extending to Davenport,

LA
DM.ARKS OF TORONTO.

749

.. yacaRt lot or two. then t....o cottagea bnilt
in 1844 by G, T. DenieeD, jr.. and pulled
down ..boa,
ty yean 1a.ier to build u{)'ln
their site the houøe occupied by Professor
Ge
wia Smith. PM' these cottages OD the
same øiàe of
e road. and we came to the
ha.ndso1l\e roughea.at bousl'. which is yet
there though øomewbat ealarged and now
entirely lurrounded by laMe trees, built in
1839 by the latE. Colonel George
Taylor Denison. fabbot' of our present
(1893) Police M
istrate. He residt!d there
uur.il bia d...
on May 30th, 1873. and his
wido-w still occnpie8 tàe heuse. Colonel
DenisOft Dt&l'ried a daughter of Major Dew.
son, of tàe 35th Regiment. who settled near
Toronto, a.nd was an exceedingly popular
ma.n. Aher passing "Ru!holme." as G. T.
DecÏ80n '. residence WM aIled, was bush.
land. dinstied certainly oÎ moet of the hea.vy
timber, but I!Itill covered with a dense under-
growth of oak. piDe and trees of other varie-
tiel\. 'Jben came the concession known now
11.I Dufferin akeet. running north and south
from tbe lake to Davenpoct road, forming
at that time the western boundary of the
city. We IIU1.!I'; now return to the south
side of Dundas streeti, at the corner opposite
the site of Oasington a.venue. There were
no hou&es here until about two huadred
yards west of Dovercourt road; then was
reached M-arshaU'8 wheelwright shop, and a
smaH dwelling house adioinin
it. Dovercourt I
road then only kDOwn by that name from
Dundas street to the Lake Shore road, and I
in 1832 conta.ining only three houses. Ono,
of these was occupied by Mr. Angus D. Mao.
donoll, &ad the th-ird and largest wa.s
built about 1850 and resided in by Judge
Samuel Bealey Harril!ol1 until hie death. It
was known as Foxlev Grove, and it is from
it that ilIe present Foxley .treet derives its
name. After .Ma.
hali's houses was passed
there were no houses at all until Dufferin
street was reached. Tht'n there was a large
driTm
shed belonging to Colla.rd's tavern.
Then came a second licensed house kept by
Joseph Church (the buIlding still renìains),
known as the Brown Bear, and then fol-
lowed a. noted hOlot.lry. the Queen Street
Hotel, of which the proprietor was
one Robert James, known fa.r and
wide &8 .. Bob" James. He was
famous for his horses and for his love of
sport of all kil'dR, and feW' men of his class I
were mOTe r
pecteù by Qoth his customers
&Del 'he
ener&l public, At this period
(1852) the whole ot the north-e&8
ern side of I
DundM atreet. from Ossington to Brock
avenne, W8.S known as Denison Terrace, tho
name given to it ma.ny yea.rs previouslY by I
the first owner of Use land, G. T. Denison I
of Bellevuo. Toronto. father of Richa.rd L:

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750

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

DeniSGD, ot Doorercourt, a.nd G, T. Denison, I not in Upper Canada, He re-OI'ga.nized the
of Rusbolme. Thill gentleman was a re-
roope of caval" militia. for 'I'oconto a.nd
ma.rka.ble mIW in many respects. He C&'De York viÏle, he organized in 1855 the r(lronto
wIth his fa.ther, John Denison, of bField Battery of Artillery, and al
in 1860
Redon, Yorkshire, to Canada in 1792, !the Queen's Own Rifles, and would, but tor
and four yea.l'S later to Toronto. H. hia prema.ture death, ha..e
en m&de ..
Ml"ved as an officer in the York TOlunteerl!l. Campa..ion of the Order of St. Michael aud
in tbe W&l' of 1812 and was a prisoner of war St. Geor
e,
for many months. J1; was he who in 1812, The locality where Collard's, Church'.
aided by sixty meD of the Canadian militia, and James' taverna atood was populs,rly
cut Dundaa street
hrough from tb" Garrison known as Appii Forum or the Tbceo
couunon to L ,mbton Mme. thus enabling '.f.averns. and there on fine daYI!I, both in
oommun
on to be ma.int&ined throughout summer aDd wiuter, were wont to assemble
the war between tboee two placeB. He was racing men, eager to arrange contests to test
i.n&tromental in 182'l in raising a t.roop of the capabilities of theil. various trotting
dra_oona, known as the York cavalry, now horses. PaRt the Three Tayerns were no
as
the Governor General's Bod3 Guard, DOUl!leS OD either aide of Dundu .tree;; for

)

r Q
I
RO'C-K
DN.l()0T' Ofrr car..

t:I'.N PNcrð'ZN4'"

and for l!Iix mc,nths in 1838, I about one hundled yards, until the toll ",ate
during the Rebellion was on active was reached, "hich wa& kept. for many
set'Vlce, Besides ta.king 8uch au years by Jamez Kerr. The gate hou68
inter
t in military matters, he was a noted I was on the norlih,east lide of Dundaa
aericultm:ist, aud for many years an alder- street and rails extended &CCOSS tfte road on
ma.n for St. Patrick's \Va.rd. His sons, the oppoBit.e Bide to the feuce, BO wheu tbe
Richard Lippincott and George Taylor ga.te WaJI closed it \?VJ impossible for con-
Deni30n both took an a.ctive pac* in public veyances io get tbrough at all antil i* was
affairs. The firat Berv
d in the cavalry com- opened, and pedestrians .ere compelled
manded by hi. father during 1837-38,and was either to wait its opening or climb over.
connected with tbe mi1itia until his death j Close to the ga.te, on the south-western side
besides "bis he was for many years treasurer I of the street, W8.'3 a small general store, kept
to the Board of Agriculture for Upper by a Mrs Larkin, who "as a.lso J>f-tIK-
Canada, and an alderman of tbe city at the rniltreaa. There wal!l no li!t\er-box at

t.ime gf his decease. The second son, George. time (1853), aud everv one called for their
Taylor Denison, was pro.ctically t.he father I correspondence.
uch a thiul{ as deliyering
ef the volunteer movement ilJ. Toronto, if I a. letter never croBsed the mind of any

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

751

one. There W&8 but one CDllectioa a day Carling.
and somet.imes in very bad weather not t
at, One of the "'Poll-kllown makers I,f cur\i
i
This poat-office was first known as Denu.on stOlle
in the u tbirliea" was Mr. Peter ..
Tea-rø.ce office. ihen as Lippincott a.nd Ãrùulr, who 1 esUed on New, afterwarde
fin&11y &8 Brock ton. There were two or N
lson BCMV Ja-rv
.treet, in the hame
three other houses close to the pose-office, bailditJg
rectly opposite Bospitß1 (cow
&l1d then 5he road noW' known alii Brock Riehmonw.) street.. on the noJ1;h-wee:COÞ<<'
av
ue was reached, and thore the laov.aea of those two .tree'8. Hi!! comme
basi-
OOally stropped on tbat aide of the rO&d. n
is thas annouDced in the BrittsA CoIcmMJ.
Coming weat through t.àe toll-gate on t.he in 18 9:-
noctbern øide of Dundas s
reet were 110 tt 'fa Cor1en-' Geluque Fl\\R\ina. OOD-.i-
Muses until Brock avenue was passed, then \fIt"iotAcu'o'-Hm-ace.-Cï;1II'ling Mones may
8t&Dding back &. li,Ue vn.y from the roa.d be bad 011 applica.tiftn to tIDe ..bøeriber,
were four log shanties buiit for the who h.. taken pains k) colled .. Dumber
use of t.be lumbermen and of blocks of t1w most exoellooCi
raÎB. Sev-
known 80S Stoney Batter Villagt'. This enl m
mben of
he Toronto CurliDtl Clob
name w&s

en k)
R\ by Colonel O'Hara, have a.lrea.ày bee.n supplied, and specimen.
who lived in a J..rge red briok hOMe OIl tae may be seen CD the Bay on Playing D.t or
La.1re ShOl'e roa.d, about half-a-mile south- on application to MI". Macdonald, &- the
west of thai put of Dundas siree
. The City Wharf, Ol' to tbe subscdber at hÌII reci.
name plea.sed the fòn<:T of the residents in dence, No. 16 New Street, The priee of
these cottages, and so long a!! they remained the stonu ia eight dol1ars per pair and
p-
sta.DdiD
they bore no other. They finally wards, accorJing to the haudlea and filllsh.
disa.ppeared about \hirty yea.r. -.go. From PE'UR McAR'MlUR.
this poine, eroaøillg by wha.t was known .. I .. roronto, J a.nuary 17th. 1839." _
the White Bridge, the line of the then Th> Hora.- ia.l quotÜbu is from the Oaf'S
Northern R..ilway, Dundas street ra.n I I, 9, 3, a!ld beit.g trdDslate? n;ea.ns "
!ld
through tbe bush, w.ithout hous
or I i,IC r y.:rs aN fÄ8t set with mppllll.! fro..t.
residence of any kmd on either
8Ìde of the road uDt.i1 it reached I ---
wba.t waa then a concession, but which is I Wort Macldna.
now Bloor s-trect. H..r
.pa.nnin
Dun
iI In the Archives Departmeni at Ottawa,
st.reet on the n
rt
ern side of tbe concesslOD in a. l,"tter from M a.tbews to N epean, we
Wa.8 a frame

wn alwaya as the ha.ve a description at the old fC)r&; on Lake
.. Bli\1d" toll-gate, 1io
it got. tha.tname DO Huron, The MS. reaòs :-
one ever knew, and yet It was never, spoken I The next and last pos&; in this oommunica-
of ia any other way. The reason of Its erec, tion is 1rlichüimackina.c a.t the fu.rther eni
tion W
9. because m.al!Y of the people
ho of L.ke H,uon. &i1iua
upon 80n island
were rldlOg 80nd drlvmg to Torent.o avoided I abou\ nine miles from tke main. Tbe WOl"h.
tbe iOll-

at Brockton by go.mg down here øeW!' w.re finiahed, and itø ÍDeulM"
Bloor 11\: un\il they reach
Dufferm st" then \ situation iø its chief defence. This ÌI!I tàe
proceedmg a.lon
tha.t until Dundas.t. was chiet resurt at the fUl" iraders fi
nO'
reached, t
UB,
eaving the gate be?ind t-be:n. out for tbe Northwest trade, and the cent;:'
The II Bhnd
oll.W'-te was de':l1ohshed a
ut of a very ,'oDsiderable one in that vast coun-
twenty years 81nce. . On
he right l.and 8\de try to tbe Miltsissippi- for dais po.t, no
of Dundas street, still pug
o 'he north- p;ood one, I am inclined to think, ca.n be,sub-
west, a.bout a. qu8ol'ter of a
l
from
he atituted nea.rer than t.be Fa.lls of 8t. 1Ibry,
road, stood
he farm
otIae with Its extens
ve 'nry ID&ny lea.g.ues from thence, that might
barns, Btabhng &Dd pigeon housea OCCUJ>led &nswer for the Korthwest irade as the furs
by Mr, Geor(te Cooper,. and tb
re wcre DO I are brouO'ht from tÀenð8 down the Grand 01'
o
er ,houses ()Q th
ale un
ll .tbe black. , Ottawa. river diNCtly to Montreal, leaying
mmlt.h. .hop opposIte the Peac
ck tavern '!"U 1íhe lø.k
s to tb. westwM'd. But ,he 1088 of
reached. On the left hand still proceed. 109 Mackina. wùl eatWely &e'V8l' from us 'he
from Bloor strees"'&1 a Bm&llwoodau build- western Ralie above meniioned, which is
wg u
by the WeeleJan body as a place of oa.rried on by the lakes, the greatest pa.r' of
worship, then a l'OW of I
a.ll fralM which, there CIIII1 be little doubt, will pass
ootta.
,
sh ,land and field. lDtene_n
by the Oawegø mer Înio the United St..tea.
u
til Ha.rrlaOft s cott"i e waa
e
ched-li IS and the Nonhw
t trade, 01' a part of it,
.*ill th
re-th.D ih. oed bUlldlD
OD the must ultimately be dAWD
W6T aMto
øa.me Bide ,!,&S
old Pe&
k tavern, a
d from
e Bame ca.ase.
ha\'ing IIIlTlved
n4ire we brmg our descnp-
tion of Duudas Itreet, forty years ago, to a.
clOlile.

752

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

CdAl-'l'k:R CCXXIV.
TORONTO RACE COURSES.

Wbere Ror!ea Ran In Day" or YON-
Plltroßs .r the Royal Sporl.
MIL-BY thinga Aa.ve changed in and about
Tðront.o during the last sixty years, few
}'e('fta.ps more 80 than the raoe coarses. The
centr&"t betwun the " \Vood
" course of
to-da.y and the first Turonw track ia almost
u grea.t &S the difference betwAf;n the elec-
tric car, which 1ee.ves the tormer plar.e <;;ay
a$ &:30 a.m. ..nd arrives at St. Ja.mes'
Church baU an hour later. and the old
Scarb
o' st.age of twenty years ago, which

nera.ny took nearly an hour to accom-
plifth the same distance and at certain sea.
SODS of
h.
ofWn broke down on its
jo.rlMY.
Uf tbe earlier course and of those which
ImCceeded it, and of the men who were
connected with them
ro-m time to time
it i. proposed to give a brief account.
The fint coune in Toronto was, strange
to say,ou the Island at that part of it known
as "The Bend." It ilil thus pleasantly de-
scrib d in a letter from one of our
city'. oldest inh:J.bitants. "After cross-
in
the second bridge, the one on the' Big
Doø,' &I!I it was called, there was a plateau of
amooth øpringy turf for half or three-quar-
ters of a mile, extending southerly to ,be
northernmost of t1'e two rid'tes of sand
forming tDe bea.utiful valley leading thence
to the lighthouse at Gibraltar Point. The
f..vorite resort for equestrians (and there
were m&ny of them, both ladies and gcntle-
men, in those good old da.ys) was the Island,
50 long as the Lridges lasted. The valley
w&s m08tly covered with Jrrass, but it was
rather heavy ridiD
; the moment however
the plateau 1\'d.S rf'llched at either end
there was a race to the other end,
and many a pretty race of the kind there
was. 'l'hel'e was no 'regular' race course
in the neighborhood of York at that time.
Grooms would try their master's horses at
the bend bot I never knew of a 'prOIessional'
n.ce on the hland. 'I he only public race I
recollect in York in the early time Wall on
FroM street from 'Small's Corner' to the
Market Place, It wa.s announced by placards
posted throughout the town, the town
c:oos-tahle kept the
nrse, and all York
tumee ou.t \.0 wiweß8 it."
Our cotTe8pondent adds in a post-
øcript :-"It may, perhape, l!Ieem
..mew-hat absurd. to call it a
-bee.utlful vaDey'bot the sa.nd hills forming it
1Aft covered with large trees from six inches
to two feet ør more in diameter, (shere W&8
aca.rcely any undergrowth) and of

all heit!hts from six feet to thirty.
and as the ridges rose al1d fell glimpaea of
the sparkling waterl!! of the lake a.n-d bay
met th
eye 00. either side,"
\Yhen
ir John Colborne was Lieutenant
Governor, be, in company with Lieutenant
Colonel Rowan, bis military secretary, a
famous horðeman and rider to hounds, was
in the habit during the summcr time of rid-
ing there almost daily. It was all!o occa-
sionally the scene of "scratch" trotting
matches between horses owned by I'eople in
or nea.r the city. After tbe rebellion of
1837-8 this Island course W I!I 11!SS and less
ulled for pleasurE', and not at all for racing
purposes, even in the very mild form just
described.
Of Sir John Colborne,tbe Lieutenant-Gov-
ernor, and of his scrvwes in the Penimmla.r
war, we ha.ve a.1l heard; how at Cuidad
Rodrigo he was severely wounded, it was at
fint thought mortally, yet he lived aud \Vas
present afterwards at Waterloo. Colonel
Rowan WÐ,S an equally gallant soldier and
had scrved with distinction in many differ-
ent parts of the globe- in Sicily in 1806-7,
Sweden in 181)8 and in the Peninsula war
under Sir John .Moore Yet la.ter in 18e9
he was on the \Valcheren expedition, and
la.ter still, in Unl, he wa.s present at the
action fought in
abugo.l in Portuga.l. Dur-
ine' the Peninsular war he was at the battles
of
Vittoria, Kiveile. Nive, Orthes and
Toulouse, a.nd finally at Waterloo. Some
of his relatives of the samc name reside in
Toront;) now, engag
d in the practi<.:f' of
their professions as docto!!!, lawyers a.nd as
businesð men.
In 1835, or the }-ear followin
,a course was
laid out on the Garrison COII;mon, between
the Old and New FortI'. Races were held
here for three or four yeal's successively
under the patronage of the officers stationed
both here 6and at Nilloga.ra. There was a.
famous horse known as Antelope. a three-
year-old, who carried all befo> e him on one
occ&sion on this course. He was ridden
by "l
ob" James, tl e jockey, after-
warde the proprietor of the Queen street
t&vern on Dundas street, ø. man, who de-
spite his profession as a horse dea.ler and
generai "sport," was respected by e\-ery
one who knew him for hiB straightforward
ways. Quite rt>cently he has been de-
scribed by & veteran in the sporting world,
" as one of the wbitest men you ever saw."
This course did not long remain open, Next
tollo1Vin
it came Scarlett'a, or t
:e Simcoe
chue :course on Dundas street, nea.r the
Hnmber. n w;:w; situated on the
plains lying north of :Vunda.s
IItreet, between tbe \Veston road,
on the eaf!t, and the wuod. on the

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO. 753
western bank of the River Huml'er. The I FIRST DAY.
stands and necessary offices were near Dun- THE CITY PL.A.TE OF FIFTY 60VEREIGNB.
das Itree', rather nearer the western than Free for a.ll Horses-2 year oldlJ, a feather; 3
the eastern boundry of lihe courso. :Mr. year olds to carry 6 st. 9Ibs.; four, 7 St. 9lbll ;
Sc arl e t t resided at Runn y mede , on Dundas five, 8 st. i lbs.; flix, 8 at. 10 lbs.; and aged, 9 st.
-Heats. two miles and a diøtaDce. Entranoe
IItreet, about a mUe nearer Toronto, and 1,,5,
though he never owned .. race horse, a.nd I TnE-D,SKEEPERS' PLATE OF FIFTY POUNDS.
P robably never made a. bot was U p to his For Horae!:! that never won Pla
e, Match or
. . ,_ . Sweepstakes. of the value of .ß50. at anyone
eightieth year one of the haròest riders m time before the day of entry-3 year oids to
the country, and an t'nthusiastic lover of carry 10
t. 7Ibs.: four. 11 lit. i Ibs.; five, 11 et.
horses. This course was completed in

dís;

:

J::ß'e
:
'R
:

M

:e:

r:
1837, and the firs' races were leld Racing or Fox-hunting Club Entrance
!I
on the 6th, 7th and 8th of the foHowing .A. JOCKEY SADDLB. "
September. The amount of prizell was For Hones that nllver started fot' PJate. Match
nry sma
l, and the meeting i
l
lf only. a Hea

:

d.be

:t :
:r
ay of entry.-
very quahfied luccess. The British Oolo1Ztst I' y
of Ap
il 12th, 1838, conta.ins the following I SECOND DA. Y.
advertisement :-
"Cit y of Toronto and York Count y S p rin I TH_ COU
TY PL.A.TE OF FIFTY POUNDS.
R t ' ' I S I , g Free for all HOrle8-
year oIdll, a feather; 3
ace mee m
l. over.iW r. car ett s course, I year oids to carry 7 st. BIbs.: tour, 8 !!It. , Ib!l.:
2300 and 24th May, 1838. Stewardl. John flve, 8 st. 131bL; liIix, 9 st. 4 Jbs.: and &a:ed, 9 at.
PoweU, ,Mayor of the City; Col. Kingsmill, I 7 Ib8.-
eats, once round an? a diuance. Win-
Col. Carthew, Col. Dawsc.n, Major Denison, ! ner of either of the first day 1 Race8 to carry 10
Major McGrath, Will. Goring, John Mait- : lbs. ;Xi
ai.A.

C:T:
F FORTY POUNDS.
land, Sec'y." , For horse8 bred in the Province, that neTer
Amoug the gentlemen who are named here 'Won Plate, Match or SweeplJtakes. before the
t Ù _1 h 11 k day of entry-Heats, once round and a di.tanc.

8S ,ewar I,are sever_" 0 were ,,:e - nown Weights and Riders, a9 per Innkeepers' Plate.
10 10ronta more than fifty years IInce. Mr. I Entrance.ß3.
Powell, the Mayor, WAS a. descendant of THE TALLY-nO HURDU SWEEPST.A.KES.
Chief Justice Powell. Colonel KingsmiU was Of
5 each, p. p.-
ree for all. Horses-H;ea.tl.
. 1 .' ffi once round and a distance. Weights and Riders
a popular ml Itila 0 ce,r. Colonels
arthe:", a. for Innkeepers' PJate T. enter for this r&ce,
and Dawson Were statIOned here with their on the evening of the first day's races.
regiment!. Major Deuison was George . A JOCKEY SADDL_,
Taylor Denison of BeUevue as clever a. For pomel of 13th..ndshi
b, and under-HeSots.
rider in his10u
ger days as e;er mounted a. once round. Post entry.
bone and to the last da.y of his life a. splen- I :Mares &nd Geldings allowed 31bs. Entrances
did whip. Tne other gentlemen whose for the Plates to be m&de and paid at the Ontario
names :Ire given were lovers of hones a.nd House, between the houra of 2 and j o'clock.
keen sportsmen.

e

gg:d
or

acte

h

a

; th

In the following v_ar, 1839, the Oolonist, Plates to have their entra.nces. JVinners to paV
on May bt, announ.:el tha.t the "City at 5 pe,: cent towards expenses. Riders must turn
Toronto and York Count y Race )leetin ,,1 1 out in tull Jockey I!Ityle.
, - g I JOHN MAITLAND,
be held on Scarlet
I Ra.ce Course on June I Secretal'Y.
19th a.nd 20th." The following was the pro-: Toronto, },lay 23.

ramme :- I The races came off at
he time appointl!d
CITY OF TOROYTO A.YD YORK COI;STY and ':fere fairly well attended.
RA.CE .1IEETlYG, I Grievous scanda.ls arolie over the race
OVER SLUCOE CHASE COURSE.
eeting accounts for the years 1837
'38,
O N Wednesday, the 19th, and Thursday. the 39; charg
s of culpable carelessness,
f not
20th dava of June, 1839: To start each da, øf actual dishonorable condact were Ireely
at one o'clock preciselr. " made by certain of the stewards against
__ other officials. These charges ,'ere at last
PRESES: aubmitted to a committee, "ho duly sat and
COL. MACKENZIE FRASER, Qr. M'r. GeD. afterwarùs reported, though only by a
-- I majority, not unanimously, that the official
. STEWARDS: . accused, who Wa.Il an officer of the incor-
The Hon. Sir Al1an Napier Macnab. porated mititir., .. had duly a.ccounted fOI"
8
t>
ii
R
k::iG.M' I

j
PMa
e;a

dHg'rs. all moneys received and expended by him.:'
ClI.pt.a.in Markha
,
Captain Arthur. A.D.C The &Iprin
meeting of 1840 on Scarlett a
The Sherúf H. District The Mayor of the City. course was thfl most memorable ever held

i h eur;. l M C ea. s de,i3 11 rd
.L I L p ieut. M,
ipon.K.D,G. there. The foHowing is a list (f the gcntle-
liLt' es . ma . .."..q, eter Bucnanan, EI'q, .'
John Barwl/'k, Esq. I C. Wallace Heath,Esq. men under whose auspices the proceedmg s
George Monro, E
Quire. took place:

754

LANDMARKS OF TORO
TO.

President-Col. Airey, 3'tb Reu:iment; I was the ever-popular Adjutant ,General of
stewards-the - Mayor,- Major Magratb, Sir Militia, while Cloptain Schonswar WI.. ·
Allan MacNab, Capt. Markham, 32nd; Col. .mars cavalry soldier and thorough I!po
ts-
Spark. 93rd; Capt. Campbell, A.D.C., 7th man. Of Messrs. C. C. Small, WI]ham
Huslars' tot - Bul1ock
D. A. G.; Capt. Cayley and W. H. Boulton we need n

Arthur, A.D.C,; Clopt. Schonswar, K.D.G,; speak; 'heir names in Toronto are as
Hon. J. H. Dunn, C. C. Sman, Esq.. 'Vm. familiar &II houaeho]d words, and their
Cayley, Esq., with Mr. \V. H, Boulton as memories are yet gre(jn. Here is the. pro-
trelot;urer and John Maitlanà a.s secretary. rramme for the two days, &8 far a. 11; has
'l'he entries were fairly numerous for such a been possible to procure it :
ver y Y oun g undertakin", and conside1'Íng FIRST P II A O Y s ' BRL NO
. . d h CITY PLATE OF Ñ T I .
the additIOnal fact tha' at;
hat; a'e t. ere Open to a.ll comera.
were so few wealthy people m the provmce GARRISON PLATE.
who could indulge in t;he luxury of horae- For Horses that! had never proviously "on a
breeding for racing purposes. The City prize ot
.
Plate of LBO sterling. equal to L150 cur- SECOND DAY.
rency, was the blue ribbon of the meeting. ST. LEGER STAKBS OF 4!.30 STERLING.
rrhi8 was the first time such a Id.rge stake Open to Honel! of any ago.
had been offered in the Upper Province. QOVERNOR-GENERAL'S PLATE OF f!.75,
b Open to Hor8es that had been at least two
In the lilt of stewards given a ove are months in Canada prevlou. to the race.
the name. of many men who had already Th
races came off with great eclat in love-
done thtlir country good service and who in ly weather. with the following rel:!ults :-For
after year. added to their laurels. C?olonel the City Piate there were nine entries and
Airey, of the 34th, Wlo8, a
all,,:nt 801dl.er and the race was wou by Captll.in Markham':j
afterwards greatly dlstJn1{Ulshed h
mself. horae Princ. Albert, a two year old.
Captain !-larkham, of the 32nd regiment, I There were the same Dumber of entries
had served ill Canada during the troubles of for the GlI.rrison Plat,e as for the precedinll;
1837 .
and was severely "ft'ounded in the action race. It was won by Shepherdcsl!, a mare
of S_ Denis, .in L
wer
anada. A
terwards belon
ing to Mr. Abbo
t, of the Garr
i
)ß,
he accompamed his regiment to India, where I but an objection was raIsed and the decIsion
in the PunJaub campll.ign of 1848-9 he com- deferred pending mvesti
ations.
manded t
e 2nd IDfantry Brigade, bei
g I For the St. Le
er and Governor-General's
'Wou' ded In the attack. upon Moolt.an. m Stakes there were five entries for each, and
September, 1848.. In the fo
lowing year I they were carried off by
lr. Stinson's Lady
he wu presen* with his brigade at the Jane and
1r. Richll.rd's Little York.,
famous bat'le of Gnojerat. For his eminent I On the eVf'ning of the second day the
aervicea he was nominated C. B. and created stewards and mallY of those who had atten
-
a General officer a few yell.rs later. ed the meeting dined together at the Ontario
C\>lonel Spark, of the 93rd, had sened HOl1se. Colonel Airey waS in the chair, and
with his re
imen* throughod the war of I Mr. \V. H. Boulton in tbe vice chair.
lßl2 and waa I!everely wounded in the at. In the following November a celebrated
tack on New Orleans, January 8th, 1815.. steeplechase took place. Here is the an-
Ht! retired fl.om the service in the ell.rly nouncement made a few days previously to
"Fifties." The Mayor, Mr, Powtlll. filled the event takin
place:
th.t office for the *hird year in I!ucce.sion, Steeple Chase.
bu
being "n &rde
t;. sport
man. t
ou
ht Y Horaes bona tide the property of Omcers
4!.1ute as much of attalnlng racmg dl8tmctlon BbelOnlfnll: to the Garrilon of Toronto, and to
M civic honorl'!. He was &15 wen pleased to be ridden
y Officers of the Garrison, over a
be a steward for the third year, .... to be Course of One MIle and a Half, to be I!el
cted
thrre times !.Iayor. Major Marrrath we by th
Stewards. and not to be shuwn until the
. . . ,., 1
mornmg of the R&ce.
have prevlouslV mentIOned. Sir Al an 1,1M- To come ofi"
Nab
as th
hero of .the ,steamer
arolin& On Friday, 13th November, 1840.
exploIt. at Niagara durmg the rebellIon. .He Entrance, Five DoHan-P. P Catch WeÏithu
wa.e .so
ell k
o:"n that no further mention -No leap to be ridden over before the Race.
of him IS reqUIsite. Mr. Dunn was *he Re- The second Horse to I!avehis Stake.
ceiver.General. He was a prominent pub1ic All deTails relative to the Race and Ground
man aDd was father of Alexander Roberts to be decided by the Stewards, who m!l.Y po b s l t-
I pone the day if the weather prove unfavora e.
Dunn, V. C" afterwards 11th Hu.sars and All e.xpences of the Course, Bills, and adver-
I!tilliater Lieutenant Colonel of the 100th I tisements. to be paid by the Winner.
Regiment. CaptlWl Arthur wsa A. STt:W A
D8.
D c to Sir Ge'Jr g e Arthur Lient. Colonel WINgFlI<.:LD, 3!d Reg R, t.
. . . ' Lieut. Colonel MACKENZIE FRASE ,
t be LIeutenant - Governor. He "was I .Asst. Qr. Mr. Gent
thai and nothin
more." Colonel Bullock Lieutenant DBWINTON, Royal Artillery.

LA
D
IARKS OF TORONTO.

755

aecretary nnd Treasurer. step and thus judge, or calculate 1'110 her. their-
Lieutenant T .A.LBOT. 34th ReKlment. chances of succe8S. Another ",eU.known
E
TRA.
CES. fi
th t h Id tl d
C. B, Roche, Esq.. 34th Regt.. Br. Mare PoZly- gun a. e mee ing8 e on 1is groun
5 yean old-Mr. Norman, 34th. was Pansh of Ogdensbl1rg. James Mitchell,
Captain Byron. 34th, Ch. 01. Rocket-8.f(ed- of Torento, was his traine,r. The latter kept
C
,;

rA.rthur. A.. D. C., Bay G. Reindeer- a tavern on Kine .treet west on the site of
-aged-Owner. the presen' Canada LIfe Bui!dillg.
Colonel Mackenzie Fraser. Bay G. The General Succeeding :\laitland'lI came what was
-aged-Dr. Ryan. known as Gates' coune, lIituated on the Don
Lieut.nll.n' Colville. 85th Lt. Inf'y. A. D. C,. d D f th d d . t h f
C11. G. Live by JVits-6 yearil-Owner, a

n or , roa ,some IS ance
ort 0
Lieut. Lb.n", 34th, Ch. G. Niagara-5 years- tne \\ oodbme, nsed only occasIOnally.
Owner. . Trotting matches were aometimes held
Lieut. Talbot, 3Uh, Bay Mare .M'atden-6 years I there and now (1893) it is used to a sliO'ht
Lie"

H
Ùon, 34th, Bay G. The Cobbler-G ext
n'. as a training ground. .,
vears-Owner. In 1857 the Carlton race course was laid
Lieut. Talbot. 34th, BI. G. Bobtatl-aged-- oui by the late Mr. \V. C. Kf'ele and his
L icu t
Wingfteld. 3 2nd. Grcy \1. Whitbv- 5 son Mr. William Keele. It wa.s about two
years-O"ner. hundred yards to the south of Dundas
treet,
Captain Markham. 32nd, Br. Mare Sleepy ,ZJ,Im"y to the west of what was then the concession
Li-;\
f.e
-;;l
w..ri

V, 34th, BI. Mare Placid-5 line. but is now Keele Slue', 1'oronto J uno-
yell.rs-O\"nc;r. tion. Ie was oval in shape and was ra1;her
Lieut. Campbell. 32nd. Bay G. Little John, alias more than a mile round. There were exten-
Racketcer-5 yelLrB-Owner. sive stan!!s. weighing rooms, and n
cessary
.Mr. ROßTns, S2nd, G. M. Chop-5 years-
O"ner. officcs. Among the \"isitors here might be
Major McGrath. Br. 1\1. Nora Creina-Owner. seen Lieut. .CoL R. L. Denison. eeneraUy
Captain James McGrath, B. H. Lapidarian- driving a celebrated trotter known as Milk-
Li

ath. R. G. Roanoke-Owner. maid, "Bob" James from Brockton. Hen-
Toronto, 5th Nov.. 1840. derson from t.he same lo.:ality, Irvine, from
This being a private meeting, the result 'Veston,and always the officers of the Royal
appears never to have been published. Canadian F..ifles stationed at the barracks.
The ned race course after Scarlett's was Occasionally Captain Clark, of the IOO1<h
the one kl'own 'as Boulton's. It occupied Regiment, with his quiet determined face,
the ground bounded on the north bV Bloor and lis measured walk, put in an appear-
street, on the south, east and west by Bald- ance, and 10 long as the depot was in To-
win and McCaul streets and Spadina avenue ronto there were always some of the rank
relpectively. A portion of the stands were re- and file nnder his commll.nd also present,
maining as recently as 1888, at the rear of the Sir CaÚmir GzowBki (then Mr. Uzowski)
Gran
e,and pe8sibly may be there now (1893). wa.s for some time president, Colonel G. T.
This conrse belonged to the Boultons, Denison WaS starter and Mr. John Boulton
And the meetings were projected by till'. W. clerk of the course. The Qneen's Plate of
H. Boulton. popularly known amon{! his fifty guineas was always the grf'at event of
friendE as" Bill Boulton," and of whom many the meeting. In 1860 this WAS won by a
amusing stories 1!Ir(; told. It was opene I about hors'J owned bv Mr. \Vhite. There were
1841 or 1842, and wa.s in use for some vean. nine entrie!!. Thë horse was called Don Juan.
\Yhen BOl1lton's course ceased to be used At the 1860 meeting. the Toronto pur
e of
for hor
raciD
another one was opened to $200 only attracted 'wo entries, The county
the right of the Kingston road. east of tbe pune o
$75 had but one entry, but; so 1101 to
Don. This was always known as Jack Mait- make a race, Mr Beard entered his horae
land's course. It lay to the south of the pre- Tom Sayers on the course and won the race.
sent baseball grounds on what is now Queen There was another event known as the
s,. east, having the prer.ect Broadview ave. Scurry Stakes. this in the same year was
as its eastern boundary, the Mar!!h as the won hy a lad of eight years old, by the name
sou thern and a heavy fence,on the farm of one of Irvine, whose father was a frequent at-
Clark. who was also a butcher, on the wes'. tendant at the course. The name of hi.
Among well-known men who attended mount is not gi\-en,
here was Ten l
roeck, a wealthy American. Racing in Torouto until the present
Dr. Carrell, of Rochester, also Harper, a Woodbine track was opened was at a pretty
Virginill.n, who Wil.l as open-handed as he low ebb: however, the CarJton raee.
was pa8l1ionate, and that is saying a great drag
ed ou' an existence for some years,
deal. Belides these there wa.s Caswell, who, They were finally discontinued about 1876.
atrange to 8&Y, was totally blind, yet so fine The grouud ill noW' covered by boules. Of
was hie lIense of hearine that he could- tell subsequent: r9ci1J1{ tixtVl'eIt it; i. not necessar1
the va.rious horses when at e.xercise by their to spea.k.

i56

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

I sue a notic., on :March 15th which read.
I th
:
C-;A
ICS' INSTITUTE,-A meeting of the
members of the Mechanics' Institute ,",ill be
The Growth aud Fluctuation or Sf'ntinum& I held at the lecture room, market buildin
s,
In Favour or Free Ite.dln
Roon.. for on Friday, the 23rd iDst., at three o'clock
the Peeple from 1831 t.1883. p. m. to elect a. commi..te. for the prel!lt'nt
The first Mechanirs' Institute in this city, year. By order of the commiUeeo, J. F.
wall established in 1831, three years befon I WESTLAND, Secretary.
York received its charter of incorporation Sir Francis Bond Hea.d, then Lientenant-
and ha.d it. name of Toronto restored to it. Governor of the Province, wall patron, and
The Inslitute ma
' probAbly trane its origin occalionally wi:h hi, lIuite a.ttended the
to <T oseph Bates, then just arrived in York weekly lecture'.
from LondoD, England, where he had b
en
Ir. \Vllliam Ross wa.s librarian and
connected with one of these locieties, and curator.
h , thinking a similar institution might be In] 841 the committeo presented their re-
established with advantage in York, con- port, and at it
ives a fair idea of the
suIted with Mr. James Lesslie, late of Eglin- lIociety's progress it is given in extenso:-
ton,
ho entert'd h,:artily into t
e project. Annoal Rl1por& of the Committee or tile
1'he maugura.l meetln
was held m January, TORo
ro Mech.oica' Institute.
]831 \lany of the principal inhabitants of Read at the Society's R'J'lm,'i, Feb. 3rd. 18'.1.
the town were pre!ent,
lr. LessUe presiding. The Committee on deliverin
llpthcir trust to
The fir5t Quartcrly meeting wa'l held in Mr. the:r SUCCe!!90ri!, respectfully rf'port-
" h 'I I h h That during theyear 22 new members have
] ompson S IC,100 r00m', w .en t e repo
t joined. but owing to remon. s. and some mem-
read by Mr. Bates showed ft. list of fiHY,SlX bera dec!ining- to continue their lIubilcription..
mflmben. Among prominent 'f\'orkers in the the real increase iil. only l!Ieven-the whole num-
cause were Drs., \V. W. Hc\ldwin, Dunl- befh
m

[:l bfg;o

:"Ca!lh received.
.:x>mbe, J. F. CaldlCott, Dunlop a.nd Rolph; Inc!uding b8ol<Ince in the Tl'Msurer's hands 8.t
.M e:S:'f:. James Cock shutt, T. Carfrae, James the commencement of The year. .ß46 28, 9d. ! of
CuU Denham C. C. SmalJ James \Vortll whlchhll.S.beenexnended .
231g!i. 9d.. leavmg
, ,.. . F ' '" d ' a balance In the Treasurer s hl\ndl'l of
22 4s. Od,
James (T. \\ 0:-t8, (apt. Itz
lbbon, an a detailed Aecount of which is on the table, for
many others. It is not certa.in where the thp- f'xamination of the members.
Institute had its first habitation. Probab 1 y I During the s('allon the Lecture. have
een
. . I d -, continupd weekly with one or two exceptIOns.
III Its very ear y ays meetmg8
cre con- I They haTe consisted of courses by the Rev. Mr.
yened at any good-sized room that cO'.1Id be , Lill
y on the mind; by the Rev. Mr. Leach,
procured. easily accessible to the mem- I ' ?resident, on education; by Dr. Lang-. on chem-
berll Some meetinas were we know l
try ; and one by: thp- Rev. Mr. Roaf, on geo-
." . - '....' ' logy: for the untlrm
zeal of thl'Re gentlemen,
held m rooms In a wooden bmldmg In under the depressing- circum'itance!l wbich the
Colborne street, then called
larket I Inl!ltitute has h'\d to struggle with, the Commit-
atreet Known as the"- .\] asollic Ludge." tM t'C!nder t.beir
rateful 8:cknowleùgmentl.
, ' . b They have 8olso to return their thanks to Dr.
A hbra.
y, or rather [he nucleus of 110 11 ra
Y' 1 Boys, Vice. President. for a donation :of an
was begun, lectures were deliTere
evenmg English tran'ilation of Linnæus' Syst.em of Na-
classes established for the beneht of the ture in 7 volumes. An address of congratula.
members and a museum commenced l
tion to the Gov.-.General C!n hi. arrival in the
.. Clt" from the Institute. which was numerou
ly
In ]835 the .Institute rec
lved a e rant from aigned by the memberø, Wall J?rellented br the
GOTernment ot
200, eql11valent to 1800, Committee, which W&!'l graclOu"-ly receIved.
This w
s expended IlpOR scientific apparatus, His Excellency in !1!1 reply wa.a pleased to
I'
h 1 b .3 0 B ' kb k f d - f h presl! hil!l approbation of the prmclples on which
T. e ce f! rate'.l
. Ir ec, oun er 0 t e the Institute IS founded, and to promise what-
Bukbeck Institution of London, En'tland, ever assistance was In bil!l power to forward its
19'&1 com
isilioned to purchase ihiB. ap- ob4h
t:. hl),l!1 been added to the library the re.
P:J.ra.tu!>. I (i was not only very expenllve, prints of the London and Edinbur
h Rn1,ews
bu' was nevp.r wholly complete or at any and Magazinel!l whicb it. is expected will be
time of much benefit to the Inltitute. Littl. continued. Thé property of tbe Institute has
P roaress was made by the Institute in been JDl!lured from fire in the British North
- . American InsurILnce Office tor The lIum ot
200.
1837 OWlD
to the excItement cAused by A lar
" part .f the Italance in the trea!!urer'.
political events ,nd the outbreak of the handø will be req
ireq to pl
ce the l
brary in
rebellion. But when affairs in Toronto ha.d an efficl..,nt state ror circulatIon. It 18 to be
d h . l Ò ". . 1838 th regretted tbat many members neglect to retul'D
resume t elr norma. con ItlO
lD 8 the Itooka within the time limited for read.
ml!l.n!l.gers of the [nstltute obtamed from the tng. Their attention to thie is reapectfully reo
City Cooncil a suite ot rooms for the &C- quctted. .
commodation of the Institute in the .outh- An attempt was mad. to eR
&bhsh a class. to
. . meet fi.,.e ntKbts In tbe week, mtended to eom-
.a.et corner of the m&rket bulldlnp; where
t. bine the advantages of a reading .room aDd an
Lawrence Market now .had.. The7 III academy, which unfortunatelr falled from tbe

CHAPI.ER CCXXV.
MEOHANIOS' INSTITUTES.

11>. ..!..
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-
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:=:. =

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- -- -- --- -

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":._
-=-
= ..s::--=::.=..-:..... ___
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--
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-

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-

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- ---

-

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=.,....,.,

. 3
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--= ---:::--

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- -
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j,::iif;- =-

'II:I'H:\
T<'S' I-'STITUTE O
CHURI'Il STREET-ERECTED IS.33-:'wW THE PURLIC LIBRARY.
QP' 7,");. See pp. 756-760.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

757

unexP('cted oPPoBition of the persons ch.ietly work, etc., was held and remained open for
intended to be benefitted hy it, The Commutee ten weeks. The financial result was fairly
owe their belt thanks to those gentlemen who
110 liberally 'laTO their names as contributors s'tisfactory, there being a profit of nearly
for that purpose. Respectfully submitted. $200
By order of the committee. j In the following year the Institute iasued
JOHN
OYS" I for the first time a diploma to it!'! exhibi-
VICe PresIdent, I tors at the annual exhibition. This was. e-
In the following yur, 1842, Sir Charles 5i
ned by
Ir. Sandford Flemin[', and was
Bagot, Governor Genera.l of CfI,nad
, w
s i
lithographed by 'Messrs, Scobie & Balfour.
Toronto in the latter end of AprIl, prIncI- The second exhibition in 1849 wu .
pally for the purpose of hy.in,:{ t.he founda- ' greater success than its predecessor. 809 it re-
tion stoDe of the Toronto U,Dlvennty. Tak- suIted in a net ra.in of more than
225.
ing; advanta
e of the occaslO
,. the members 'Three very activ
worker8 were in this
of. the Ina Itute presented JUS Exc,ellency year removed by death, namely
le5srs.

nth an address of welcome, ",'hercm they Charles Sewell Henry Parry and John
refer gratefully to a pr:>jected geological Anker. ·

aurvt'Y of the Province, and they also refer. The annual Exhibition was auain held in
"with still g
eater sat sfa.ction," to ';Iuote the 1850, when oue of the principal exhibits
words of their address, to the op:mmg up of was a model of a locomotive which ran on .
new channels of commerce under hiø Excel- raised tmck round the ro
m the steam to
lency's auspices. '1 hey co"clude by assur- propol it Leina
enerated by
small spirit
in
the Queen's representativ
of}heir .. un. lamp, This aJ:tracted a great deal of atten.
felined loya.lty to our
overelgn. tion. It wag made by Mr. A. Parkes, a.
In 1844 in consideratioD ot the sum of wood-turner, who resided on Adelaide street.
;E16 currency, eq,uivalent to $64, the In8ti- The profit from the ExhilJition this year wa.s
tute
ave np possession of the mar:,et Luild-
21O, a slight decrease itom that of its pre
inO' rooms and removed to others situated deceR!!or.
ov
r the store
0 12 \Vellington Builrlings, The report presenteù to
he mp.D1bers in
King street, havm,l! also, through the kind- 1851 drew their .ttention to the fact that
ness of Sheriff ,Yo B Jaryi!, the use of the the accommodation provided was insufficient
Court Room for its lecture purposes. for th!.J needs of the Ins!itute, aud that
During the same year the City Council steps must be taken to procure larger
w
re constructing l\ two-storey fire hall on premises. It also referred "with great re-
the 8ite of the pre
ent one and the Police í{ret to the expresseà intention of Mr. \Vil-
Court in Court. street. liam Edwards to re
igI\ the office of Becr,'-
On the memori..l of tht: IDlititute the tary." That gentleman haù filled the posi.
Council eonsented to extend its grounù plan tion for eight )'ears, and the co,nmittee con.
80 as to give the Fire Depa.rtment aU the eluded their report by saying that he had 80
.ccommodation required on the ground floor, di8charged his duties tha.t they "are at fault
On condition that the Iustitute should build " for sufficient powpr.,f language adequately
t;le second storey for its library, reading, lec- to express th.,1r indebtedness to him"
ture And boarrl room, and pay to the con- I Subsequently the members presented Mr.
tractofli the difference in cost of the building Edward. with a. complimentary address and
lu extended, a.nd 80S it was originally con- a purse of 80nreigns. He was 11.110 created
tracted for. a life member of the Institute.
This difference amounted to ;E46j 5s 6d! 'The Exhibition of 1851 Wl.8, &1 regiords
currency ($1,861 10) ..nd was raised by I the quality of the exhibits, one of the best
't'oluntary contribution.. I ever held, but financiaìly it was all but a
Th.. foundation atone waR laid on August' failure, as the balance, after payment of ex-
27th. 1845. These new rooms were opened penses, only amounted to a little more than
on February 12th following,,?ihen the annual ,
48. The ennts of the following year call
meeting "'al! held, with Mr. John .Ewart; in " for no çomment, the Institute not being able
the chair, ILnd the inau!!ura.l addresa was to provide itself with the requi.ite DeW'
deliyered by the Honora.ble R. B. Sullivan I buildin
s which were so badly requ;red.
when he took; occa.øion to congratulate the I In September, 1853, the site 0'1 the corner
Institut. on ita posselsion oC: such & con- of Church and Adelaide streets was pur-
veni
nt building for their Yarious require- I chased by &uction for
6,529; plans for a new
rnent '. building were prep..red and the public ap-
On July 28th, 1847, the Inititute was. þealed to for subscriptions. This appea.:
corporated by Act of Parliament, receivinlt 80 1 brought in before the year closed $4,800
I[r.ut of money at the same time trom the On the following April 17th, the corner
GOTernment.. In 1848 the fi,..t of a stines atone of the new Mechanics' Institute wa.
of exhibitions of fine .rts, m
chanism, ladies la.id with MQ.sonic honors. The brethren.

'158

LAND
L-\RKS OF TORONTO.

attired in regalia and accompanied by the I 1858.
officers of the Institute, headed by the band J8;?'
-" ----:;----
. Y. HIND. M.A.
f h R 1 Cd' R' fl h d' I la- Optics. .. REV. E. 1\:. KENDALL. B. A.
o t. e. oya an
Ian I es, marc e In I 22- Do..:... REV. E. K. KE:\DAI.L. B.A.
processlOn from St. Lawrence Hall along 2:1-'" English Language and Literature
King to Church street, thence to the corner (with illustrative readin
s)" ......
of Adelaide stl"eet, where the proceedinfTs, _....... ..... T..T, ROBERTSON,
sq.
d b __ I ' 1 ' 1 " bb R . <:> I Feb. a- Do,...........T..T. ROBERTSON.l<..sq.
COlnmence y .1,' r. 10111808 l:d s lout, .. 1
-" On Sound......T. B. CHERRIMA:s-.lt'l.A.
D.G.M., of Cø.nada, addressing the meeting. I .. 19-" Astrono
y. (Fixed Stars and
He after 80me few preliminary remarks Nebulæ) ,.........'.,..."'" ...,....
d ' I " h f th ' 11 b . ' ..COL. BARON DE ROTTENBURG. C.B.
we. upon , e retl.son or elr a emg .. 26-Conch..d,ng- Lecture. .H. Y. HIND. M.A.
en
aged as they then were, snd c(\ncluded I
by saying: .. To-day we !fore here aS8cmbled The Lectures will commence each evenin
at
in the presence of you all to build a. hall fOj' I 8 o'clock.
h b r f t1 h' f h' . I TICKETS for the course. 7s 6d ; Ladies. 3s 9d ;
t e. pu IC use 0 ,Ie mec amcs 0

s City, I Members oÏ the Institute. 3s 9d. Admis.,ion to
whICh we prø.y God may prosper If It seem : sin
le lecture, Is 3d; Ladies. and Member:! of
good to Him, and that it may become a i Institute. H';l. . w
building for good men and good deeds, and I
he Instlt';1te lost by death m 18<>7 one
promote
mrYflony and brotherly love, till of Its best fl'lends and w<,>rkerr., Mr. . Joha
the world itself shll.11 end. So mot.e it I e." i Ewa.rt, whom we ha.ve prenousl:f mentIone
_
:Mr. rhomas J. Robertson, the prel:!ident, I 1 he :ourse of Iectur
s for 18,,8 and 18<>9
presenteà 111', Ridout with a silver trowel, I b
gan m November, m the hall of the In-
8uitably inscribed which l\lr. Ridout briefly
Øt,ltute, none of the lecturers of t e preceed-
acknowledged, a
d then proceeded to lay I ing year thou
h re-appearing. This is the
the stone. This having been done, prayer was I progra.mme ;-
offered. Then addresRes were delivered bv the ì 185i.
president, the Rev. Dr. M.cCa.ul, and al
o by J

"The Advertisements of the Ancient
Mr. Patrick Ireland, the senior vice-presi- \ Romans.", ,......' REV. Du. MCCAUL.
dent. A sma.ll cannon had been placed on I Dec. 3-" Air a.nd its Relationl!l..........."""..
th it'd f th t tit St I ....... .,..WALTERA. WATTS, :M.A,
eoppos eSI eo es ree
ose 0 . " 10-..ThePoe,ryoflns,\nity.....,..... .....
James school house, from which a salute ,'.' .DR. A. O. KELLOGG, Port Hope.
of three rounds was fired and the proceed- .. 17-" Water. Hyd
ogen, etc....
... .........
ings then came to an end by the whole 1839............... \\ "'LTER A. W"'TTS. M. A.
company giving three cheers for the Queen. FRIDAY.
Two able officia.ls of the Institute passed .Tan. 7-" Coal Gas and Carbonic Acid and
away in 1854-Messrs. 'V. Atkinson and F. their Relations......... ,... ...' ,... ....
Thomas. u.-" Thë Ä
ë
:;
i

E'
te

Þ;f:a
:J".

In 1
55 the Provincia.l Government 1. e a.sed ...... ' ..........KIVASTuLLy. Ië:sq.
the unfinished building for four years for 21-" Sulphur and Phosphoru
."., ........
official purposes, at the same time paying the ...........WALTER A. WATTS.
'. A.
Institute $5 , 283 to enable them to P a y off the 28-" Chemistry of Common Life:' -""...
. . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . .., , . . ,DR. 'l'HORBUR!i.
outstanding liabilities upon t.he structure. I Feb. !i-" Sea Salt and itq DE'rivaÌ\vcs...........
When the lease expired the Goverl1me t I .. 11 _..; r ' h .. e . A .' n .. a ' t .' o v m ...:.

c
O ' m W p : r T a T t S Lv ' e M A ' A n :
paid the Institute a. further Rum of $16,000 '
to enable iuo complete the building in !LC-
,t

:.
t

:ç 'R""MÖRRIS:
i:"Î>:
cordance with the original desig"1s, 18-" Glass and Porcela;n....,..,."",...,.
ï he alterations required were at once 25-'
'Th
'Lum

p

a

::' ;rtt

commenced and in 1861 were completed and S..a,". ..BEVERLEY k. MORRIS, M. D.
the rooms ready for occupation. The total March I-The Concluding Lecture.........,....
cost was $48,380 78. ........................MR..T. E. PELL.
It is necessary now to recall some few I THE LECTURES WI
MEz.;CE EACH EVU.
ea.rl ier facts. In the winter of 1857 and ING AT EIGHT O'CLOCK.
1858 a course of lectures was delivered in St. Mostly all of
hich will b
illustrated by ex.
Lawrence Hall, oÏ which the following is the perlIDent
lagraml,
programme :- I Tickets for the Course:-Non - member!!. $1:
1857-THURSDAY. La.dieø and Members of the In!ltitnte.5O
Nov. 26-" The Infancy of Anglo-Saxondom- cent... Sin
la Admission. 12
Cf'nts.
Origin of t.he La.nguage."...... .... ROBEltT ED
ARDS. Secretary,
..............DANIEL WILBON. LL.D. TORONTO. November. 1858.
D:C
I

. Do. " Origin of the Litera.ture.", ... I At the annua.l meeting held iø 1859 the
.....' .....'. DANIEL WILSON. LL.D. I committee record" with deep regret the 103.
.. 11-" Hea
and,.Light in their Chemical by death of ita late, a.nd for many years in
.. 1S--..t;f

t
h:
i

1ÏI

YC
fo):
O
.

de fatigable, Mcretary, Mr. Robert Ed.
Copper...........H. H.CKOFT, D.C.I. wards."

LA.ND}!ARKS OF TORONTO.

759

In memory of this most estimable man I In_tend.:ng contri
utors
re respectful.ly re.
th b f ,he Institute subscribed for que,,
ed tocommumcate w1th t!J.e.
nder!ingne,d,
e mem . ers 0 . . " . or w1th any member at the Exh1b1tIon Comm1t.
a memorial portra1t of h1m, whlCh untIl I tee, viz: \V. Edwards, chairman. Daniel Spr1-.
1883 hung in the redoding-room of the Insti- \V. P. M8..
ton, J. J. \
ithrow, T. l\IcCros:;>on.
tute. In
hat ye",l', by & una.nÌ1,?,ous vot
of :

id. Danson. or with any member of the
the thp.n directors, the Institute bemg I RICHARD LEWIS
at out to I e closed, it was presented to Mr. Secret"a ru .
\Yilliam Edwards, Lrother of the hote, and I Toronto 4th AUf}ust. 1868.
himilelf as we ha"e already seen, a former, At this Exhibition over 700 pictures were
aecretary. That gentleman not long after- l .exhibitect Among them were many works
wards offered the portrait to the City Public of the old masters, lent for the oeca.ion, the
Libr.ry, whose custodians gratefully a.c- rest being the works either of Canadian
cepted it, and where it now hangs, : artists or their pupils This exhibition re-
. In 1862 a series i.ntended to" be annual, of / suited in þ, loss oi more than $100.

Ite
a.ry and musical entertamment., was I From this year until 1883 when the Inati-
mstlliuteJ and flroved most
uccesilful. tute was merged into tne Public Library,
In the
am7 year the .venl
g cla!;'se::l
hlch I eatablished under the Free Libraries' Act of
had
ee
InstItuted on the ma.ugura.tlO,n of 1 1882, there is little of moment. to record.
the Institute '!fere ma.
'." much more effic1en
, Recreation rooms which contained billiard
and were carried on with Jtrea.t success untIl I .
1880 h th d" t' d . tables, chess and kIndred ga.meswere opened
, w f en th 8 S y W h ere l B lilcon d In h lle . In co t ns b e- I in the buildin!l. besides a reading room spe"
quence 0 e c 00 oar loving es a - . - 1 .
liahed similar classes in three of their I c1ally aet apart for adles.
schools, I These all proved successful and tended
In 1868 it was proposed by the committee I th popularize the institute. . But "the
to h Id an exhibition of fine arts &nd in, old order changeth and giveth place
A ugust the following circular was i
sued :- 1 to the new." On March 29th, 1883, at
a. specia.l general meeting of the members of
THE I the Institute it was by an all but unanirnou!J
vote resolved to make over all the property
TORONTO 1\IECHA
ICS' INSTITUTE. of the Institute with its &ssets and liabili-
I ties to the City Corporation fer library pur-
'poses. This resolution was duly carried in-
to effect on June 30th following. It only
I remains to mention some of the more
I prominer:.t worken for the Institute in itø
half century of existence. They were :-
" , W. Edwards for 30 consecutive years, W.
Atkinson 17, ,T. E. Pell 15, Hiram .Piper,
I R. Edwards and Thomas Davison for 13,
and continue open for at least ten days. and many others whose services extended
from eight to twelve yea.rs.
THE DIRECTOn.S !"
spectrully solicit fr:or:n I The following is a list of the l-'resiàenta,
. the Artlstsand. Laa1es of Toront'? an
V1C1- , exceptmg for the years 1833-5.8-9aIlJ 1840
i

:

:r

8u
lC generally, cont1'lbutJons on : the recorc1s at which have been lost. Joh

(1.) :Fine Arta and Decorations. ancient and Ewart (1
31J 1814), Dr. Baldwin (1832-4-

od
rn. embracinK Architectur.e. Painting
,7) Dr. Rolph (1836) R. H. Jameson (1841),
In 011 and Wa.ter Colors, Drawll1gs, Sculp- I R ' W T L h' 8 4 2) \-- B J .
ture and :Modelling, Dye,sink:ing and En- I E:v: . . ,eac. (I , _V. . arVI8
gra
ing. Photography, and Decorations and (1
43), T. G. Ridout (184J'6-8I, R. B.
Ües1gn
of cverl' k
nd. .. I Sullivan (1847), Professor Croft (1849,1850),
(2.) SpeclJ'!1ens of all kmds .of. I:ad1es Work. I F, \V Cumberland ( 1851-2 1863,6 ) T. J.
The oblects of the E-..:h1b1tlOn "re :-1IIt. To I _." _
afford Artists. Ll\dies. and pOBsessorsof inter- I Robertson (18a3), Patrick Freehlut (18;)4-9)
esting and 1 are specimens of Art an opportum- I Hon. G. \Y. Allan (1855-1868 9), E. F.
ty of.cxhibiting their various articles or pro. I Whittemore (1856) J, E. .Pell (1857),
duct1ons. 2nd. To reahze funds towards r"duc- .' - D R " d
ing the liab1lities of the Institute, 3rd, To John Ha.rnngton (18a8), J. . I out
afford interesting and iniitructiTc a.musement (1860), Rice Lewis (1861-2), \V.
to the PUblic.. . Edl\ards (1863), F. W. Coate (1
64), J. J.
The greatest care w1ll be given to the safe' \ ...' tl , . 1867) J 1\ 1 Le ( t f
keeping and return of all specimens entrusted I"
110" \ ,ames 1\ c nnan _par 0
to the Commit-tee of ldanagement. /18,-0), John Turner (p&rt of 1
/O), M.
The Exhibition, commencing on Frida.y. the Sweetnam (l871"2-:
-4), Thos. DaTison

d of October, will
e open to visitors from 10 (1875-6.8), Lewis :Samuel (1877), Donald C.

dock.. a. m., to 100 clock, p. moo each day of R ' - n' S L (1880 1) J
Its continua.nce. The charge for admission will lClout (IS,-9), \It.. ee -. am..
be tell cents.. Mason (U;82-3).

THE EIGHTH ANNUAL EXHIBITION.
comprising the

FINE

AND

lJECORA TIVE

ARTS,

DESIGNING, BTC. AND L.A.DII::S' WORK.
will open in the l.Iusic Hall of the Institute,
ON FRIDAY, OCrOBER 2ND, 1868,

760

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

Tha recording secretaries have been in the Provincial
lilitia, or Queen's Ra.ngers, com-
followm
order and number of years' service: mandeù by Col. Kingsmill "
Jos. Ba.tes (1831), T. Pd.ISOn (1832.3'4-5.6J. But in a lomewhat later edition of the
C. Sewell (1837-8 and 18H), J. F. West- Coloni.st the .ditor announced that he had
land (1840 and 1842), \\T. EJ\mrds (1843- salli too mu', h when he dE-scribed thes"
4-5-6-7-8-9. lS50. 1859, 1860), R. Edwards volutllee:ø as b&ing all Scot::hmen, for on
(1851-2-3'4'5-6-7-8), G. Longman (1861-2-3- February 8th, in reference to the corps, he
4-5-6), John
loBs (1867), Richard Lewis curtly remarks :-" It is denied that they
(1868), Samuel Brodie (1869, 1870-1), John were all Scotch, but En
lillh, Irish and
Davy (1872-3-4-5-6-7-8'9, 1880-1-2.3). Scotch, and one of the officers au Irish.
The correspo'Jding secretarie3 have been man, II
A. T. )1 cCord (1836), C. Rewell (1842-3,4-5), Shortly after the return of the Queen'.
J. F. Westland (1841), W. St5ward (l846), Regiment, described elsewhere as the
Alex. Christie (l!)-l7-8-9, 1850,3), Pa.trick Que, n's Ra. Igers, but "ho must on no
Freelaud (1831 2), .M. :Sweetnam (l854-5), account be confounded with the Queen's
J, J. Woodhouse, (18:>6), John Elliot (183i), I Rane;ers of the revolut:onary period, who
J. H.
hson (1838-9, 18GO). Fro II this date I afterwards became the 104th Regim
nt of
the office was not continued. the line, and wer.; finally disbanded in this
The treasurers have been ,James Lesslie province in the euly "twenties," there
1831-4-5-6) l-J.
1. !\.losley (1832), T. Ca.rfl'ae was forml:d in Toronto \\ hat \\as
(1833), W. Atkinson (1840-1-2-34-56), John known alii the ., Night Guard," under
HlI.rrmgton (1817-8,9. 18.51-1-2-3,4,5-6), John the command of Clarke Gamble, Esq.
PatNbon (1857-8-9, 1860,1-2), John CO"' an This gentleman is s'ill residing in the
(1863), \Y. Edwards (1864:-5-6-7-8-9, 1870), city, and a.lmost as active as when he led a
John Halia11l (IS71), Thomas )Iadear (1872, CHnpJny of militia. in the aUack upon
lont.
3-4,5), V\-. B Hartill (1876), R. H. Ramsay, gomery's ta\ ern.
(1877, 1881-2-3), G. ß, ,Morris (1878.9), John The duties of the NighL Guard were to
Taylor (188,).) p.ltrol the streets of Toronto from 9 p.m.
unli 5a.m The Guard was" told off" into
kree squa.ds or pJ.trols, The first of these
pa.' rolled the streets west of Y onge
from 9 until 12 under Mr. Gamble;
the se
ond went on from 12 until 3
under the Hon. \Villiam Cayley, an l
A.nd 118 Immedlafe 8ueunor-('olldUlons the third again in charge of Mr. Gamùle
or Servict" and (tlhar Dllta-Tlle
l
hl flom 3 until 5. The streets east of Y onge
Guard Kud UI nulle.. "ere similarly patrolled by others of the
In 1837 and the following year during th1 Guard. Mr, G
mble continued this duty
relellioD there wal'! much n.ïlitary enthusi-
or about a. month, when he was relieved by
um in the ProvInce. YOUllg, middle-a;ed, Captain Murrll.Y, who formeJ another Guard.

nd
'en vld men buckled on their úrmor, The men who performed these duties Were
figu'ath'ely speaking, determimcl to stand /I,ll paid for their wnrk by the (;o\"ernl\1cnt of
Ly heir country and maintain the honor of I , the day. Captain Murray, whom we have
l.er flag, just mentioned, wa.s one of a wt'll-known
In the British Colonist of Ja.nuary, 1838, firm,
Ies n. Murrll.Y & :Newbig..:ing, The
two mOl,lhs after ,he imident at Munt, latter gentle a an died during the rebtllion,
gomery'. tavern (n Y 01 ge
treet, we 6n'1 anù of his funeral and buria.l the British
this notice;- Colonist of 15th Februa.ry, 1838, says :-
"The Armv.-On Tuesda.y the Queen's " His reMains were interred iu the Episco-
Ra.ngers, out' effective colonial corps,returned pa.l bUl'Ying (tround, and being an Alderman
from Niaga.ra to Toronto, haviug been of the city, and the Captain of a company in
relieyeJ by the Queen'!!! Light Infantry, the City Guard, the Mayor, Aldermen and
a.nother of the gallant and loyal re2iments, Common Council of the city, the officers of
so promptly formed on the .pur of patriotic the City Guard, the officers of the Queen's
excitement, at thl"ir country's call. Ra.ngers, a. large and reøpecta.bl9 concourse
.. A de
achmellt of Tolunteers have arrived of the inha.bitantl'l of the City, amI the soldiers
from Perth composed entirely of young, of the company he commanded, accompanied
active Scotchmen. They number 104, rank his remains to the grave."
and file, aud are accompanied in their ma.rch Gr.tùually matters assumed their nor-
by a purser. The officers are Cap'. A. mal condition in Ca.nada. and the nlilitia.
Fraser, Capt. J. \' oung, Lieuts.
luirhca.d were sent to their hom". a.nd the Night
aud Montgomery,and Ensignll A Fraser and Guar.l dismillse.t, but & permío.nent mi itary
C. Fra.ser. They a.re now atta.ched to the force was deemed by the Imperial Govern-

CHAPTER CCXXVI.
AN EARL V VOLUNTEER CORPS

LAND.}IARK8 OF TORONfO.

761

ment a nect'&Slt\', for we find in the Globe of by a military n:edicalofficer. This I eturn
October 10th, Ü
40, the following short para- will also show whether each
andida'e i.
J{raph :- marrietl or un III Hried, and the number of
.. It is said that a provincial regiment is children."
to be raised in Canada, to be called the This was the Roy;,l Canadian Rifle Regi-
· Roya.l Canadian Regiment,' to be com- ment \" h:ch, its day of usefulness having
!J1&uded by the Goverl or as Colonel, and to pessed 80\\ ay, was finally disbande.l abou'
be cOLI/posed of men who have spent fifteen twenty-two years since. An.ong itl! oill en
ye,'rB in the re
ular serviLe, The men are in its thirty years of existence \I ere several
to be enlisted for twenty years, and to l e well-known men, One of these wa.s Colonel
allowed to work as artificels and laborers
]uter, who had served in the Peninsufa
w hen not ot, er",\ ise employed." and was wounded at TalaverA; also during
On March 22nd following there is a n:uch the war of 1812, \I he: he was pre
f'nt at th'j
longer notice copied from the l\lontreal attack upon Kew Orleans.
Herald, ;"iving full details of the scheme. It I Lieutenant and Adjutant 3IcDollt:H wa!
runs rhus :- also a well-known man. He had l>een all
"Snme months ago \I e mentioned: hat it active officer of the Canadian Militia during
wa" in contemplatIOn by the Government to the rebellion. Captain ,John Clarke was
raise i\ \ e era.n bat tal' on in Canada, to be anoth.er of its officers, haying exchanged

ø.lled · 'rhe Royal Cana.iian Regiment,' into it from the 100th Regiment. Hillier
ccmposed of soldiers of the line who have Givins, a grandson oÍ Colonel Givins, the
served fiftEiCn years, This regill ant is to Indian Commissioner, also held a lieuten.
be stationed on the fronber, anù from the a.nt's commission therein, It possessed a.
enlistment being ,oluntary as \\ ell as on splendid band. One of its masters, ::\11'.
high1y favorable ttòr!l s, there \\ ill be little Harkness, wa
killed in the calamitous De
-
chance of any desertlOns taking place, w hil8 1 jardins Canal a.ccident. It is almost need.
.he corps may be depended upon as an effi. less to add that as a regiment this corpS
cient body. never saw a shot fired in anger, yet its mem..
II The pay is to be the same as that of the bers had served in all quarters of :he glo

Foot Guards, and the lI.en are to Le allowed and at one time more than fou.t"-fi tho of
to co to agri
ultural labor and handicraft, them wore medals for war services.
when not en
aged on military òuties. A Like all colonial corps, it was never very
general order to this etlect was issued by popular among young men E'ntering the
His Excellency Sir Richard Jackson, Com- army as officers either in England or Ca.
11lander of the :Forces, on the 4th instant. nada, few Canadians seeking to obtain com-
We hope the veteran adjutants who served I missions in it, yet when it
was disbanded
in the volunteE'r battalions will not be fOr- \ there were many who regretted it.
gotten by His Excellel.cy in bestowing' com.
mis
i, ns in · The Royal Ca.nadian Regi- --
men
'" I .
Th 12 h A t . I f lh d ' t ' f I The OmCf'rii oC the Old Queen s Ran::,er8
e t r lC e 0 e con 1 IOn 0 ser-
Tice, as promulgated in Lhe general order, i. Who Settled in Toronto alltl their Des-
important to those soldiers who, after fifteen
end;m':t.
years' servi e, have already procured their" I Of the officer3 of the
ueen's Rangers,
free discharge and received the gratuity. It I wßo eventually, on the di5banding of the
II!! as follows :- re
iment, settled a.t York .(now TO! 011tO),
"E
.-Any man who hM accepted free having des endants here, \rere ColClnels
disch:lrge with u. gratuity after fifteen years' I Smith and Shaw. afterwards
lajor-General
service n.ay, if deemed eligio:e from ch:orac- Shaw. and one of the memhers of the firsli
ter and f'lunt! fit tor the servic?, be permit- Executive Council. Captain Givins. whose
ted to enter, an I be allowed to reckon hia daughters only passed away in 1890 in T

former service, upon the condition that he I ronto, and whose granàdaughter still ret.ide.
øhll.l1 not receive auy addit 011801 pay for hel e; Alexander McDonell, th" father of 'n.
length of service. or good conduct pay, until four w
Il-lmown brothers of that name; Dr.
the amount of J{ratuity pa:d to him 011 his Macaulay, tather of the late Chief J us tic.
discha.rge shall have been saved. Officers Gamble. father of Mr. Clarke Gamble. and
commanding stations will, on the 31st inst.. grandfather of J. W. Gamble Whitney, of
forward, in duplicate, to the Deputy Adju- Toronto and Meaford; la.stly, Christopher
tant General, a return of ca.nd:dates of thi, I :H.ûbinsoD, father (f the l.te revered Chief
description according to the prescr:bed form Justice and p:ri\udfather of t.he present (1893.
(the character to be ex'racted from the Baronet S r Lukin Robinson.
parchment certificates), accompanied Lv a
declaration of their fitness for servLe, sl
n.d

762

LANDMARKS OF TORO
TO.

imnossible from the nat,ure of the soil to
build a brick foundation. The lower storey
was of brick : the Mecond and upper on.
'J"Ite .. Ihtrlie B8a'," u. Owner aad Bla were of wood, To the east ot it wal!
Hhlory - Sp8rl. and Pa.Uwe. of L8n. another small dwelling, occupied by the
AKO. keeper of the lighthouse, James Durning.
The past half century has brought with it I while about one hundred yards to the west
many chaages, as all such periods of time, was a third house, known afterwards as
must do, and, perhaps, nowhere are these Parkinson's Hotel. These. the huts we
more manifest or a greater metamorphosis have before mentioned, and the lighthouse,
exhibited than in that part of 8t, George's were, until 1853, the only dwellings upon
ward in the City of Toronto, known as the the Island. Between where now is Island
.. Island." Park, and the Eastern gap, were a gl'eat
\Vhere palatial re
idences, as well as those many trees, chiefly pines and Balm of
of less pretentious aspect, but probably with Gilead. EX!l.ctly opposite the present
equal interior comfort, now stand,only forty Alert House is on
of ea.ch of these trees,
ye
s ago was a waste of sand and shingle, I and this spot was a favorite rendezvou8
unrelieved as now by houses with gay gar- for picnic parties. To the east are several
clem! and joyous residents. I other scattered pines, much the same now as
The site of The Lakeside H.ome for Little then, and from them one of the adjacent
Childr
n and Hanlan's Hotel wa.s entirely villn.s takes the very appropriate name of
unoccupied, save by scattered trees and here ., The Pines." ·
and there a fisherman's rude hut. In 1843 Louis Privat (always, 1;hoagh

CHAPTER CCXXVII.
THE ISLAND IN THE FORTIES.

THE 'FIRST FERRY HORSE BOAT.
There werein 1843 three houses only on the I erroneously pronounced Prevs), tOOlt np his
Island. \\' ith the exception of the few very residence in the house built by Lord Syden.
primitive dwellings, these were mere cabins, ham '. and opened it as an hotel.
used by the tisher folks, Strictly speaking, He was joined there in 1844 by his brother.
the" Island" was not an island at all but I\, Louis Joseph Privat, with his iamily.
peninsula, It was not until 1857 or ] 858 that These brothers. as ma.y be inferred from their
the inroads of the waters oÍ the Lake dur- name, were of French extraction, though they
ing a great storm caused what is now known came to Canada from the United 8tates,
&8 the Eastern gap, and conver'tell the pen. where they had resided since their de par.
insula into an a.ctual island. The first ture from Germany and arrival there in
.teamer that passed through this gap was ]837. They were d
scendants of one Louis
the Bowmanville, on April 19th, 1859. Privat, who a.t the time of the revocation
Of the houses on the Island, the principal of the edict of Nantes lived in the province
was a Jar}!e pa.rtly brick three-storey of Languedoc, in France. and to escape the
dwelling erected I>y Lord Sydenham, cons quences of tha.t infamous" revocat,ion"
in 1839 as a summer residence, for fled to Friedrichsdorf, in Germany, some
himself. in consequence of Toronto at the few miles from Frankfort-on-the-
:ain, one
time suffering from a visitation of that of the four Hans towns. [t will probably
drp.ad pest, cholera. This house_ 50 x 40 I strike readers as somewhat singular that both
feet, and of which an illu:!ltration is given. brothers should bear the same Christian
was built upon a layer of four-inch planks name of L
uis. i,s a matter of fact Louis
.unk about two feet in the sand, it being Joseph was the only one who was at hia

I

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

763

christening given the first of these two on a circular table set flu<Jh with the deck
names. The real baptismal name of the in its centre. This tabl'J al4 it revolved
other brother was Peter. He in his e.rlier worked upon rollers, which,Leing connected
days was employed by a French nobleman, with the shaft, set -.;he paddles in motion.
an adherent of th6 Bourbon dynasty, Count The horses were stationa.rv ; the table on
lJuchatel, as a valet. Among the ('ount's I which they trod WII.S furnished with ridge.
numerous retinue of servants was another I of wood radiating like spokes Írom the
man also in
lose attendance upon his centre, which the horses caugh

ruaster, who was Ii ewise called Peter. To I with their feet, thus setting the ta.ble in
avoid confusion, it was decided that Privat motion. For some time the bnat was worked
should be known as Louis, and so he was, with onlv two horses, but after about two
becoming accustomed to the nam
. On leav- I years an
alreration was effected in the ar.
ing his master's service he did not discard rangements, and in the vessel as well. In,
it, but continued its use so long as he lived. I stead of two horses, five were introduced.
He. with his family, left Toronto in IS53, and they walked round and round the deck,
removing to the village of Durham, County I exactly as horses do when employed in
Grey, where hf! kept another hotel until I working a threshing machine, and the vessel
his death, which occurred on April 28th, I was set in motion precisely as such a ma-
1
60, in his 61st year. chine is. Two pict\-lres are gi ven of the old

,
e

- . :-1-
'" .

THE SECOND FERRY HORSE BOAT.
Louis Joseph Privat" though in his 76th 1 ': horse boat," still remembe
ed with.affec-
year, is yet hale and vigorous, tlOn by many residents of 10ronto In the
Hut it was one thin;:! to open an hotel; it I "forties" and very early "fifties." The old
was anotht:r to make ÌIi pay. So the two I vessd was. in 1850, taken off her route.
brothersdecided)hat the one should" run" L J. Privat then built a steamer, called
the h
tel, while the other should devote ?iS I the Victo
ia, with a steam en
ine of 2'5 horse
ent:rgles, and these were by no means 11,- power, bUllt by Mr, James Good, of Toronto,
considerable, to obtaining visitors and and ran it as a ferry from Mr. Robert Mait-
customers to the same. I land's wharf, foot of Churt;h street. everv
In furtherance of thIs object 'hey pur- I hour from 10 o'clock a. m. until 7 p. m. every
chased a vessel which had been rUDDlng on I day (\ul'În
the Bummer, returning at the
thE' Niagara below the Falls to ply for pas- half heur to the hotel on the Island, until
sen
ers between Toronto and the Island. the end of the yea.r 18
3, when he sold the
This, under command of L. J. Privat, they Victoria to George Tate, Esq., then super-
called the Peninsula Packet, but it is vE'ry I intendent of the Grand Trunk Railway, and
doubtful ii one persoll in a hundred who ran it for them until the fall of 1835, after
visited the Island by her med-ns ever knew I which he moved with his family to the then
what her real:namewas,for from the mode by "bush" of the township of Bentinck, County
whIch she was propdled sht: was invariably Î Grey, where he lives now (1893).
known as " the hors9 boat," and by none I 111' Knott, the soap man ufacturer, owned
other. She was by no means a very large' one of the early soapfactorks of Toronto,
vessel, bein
only sixty feet in length by I whi
h was situated on the Island, near and
twenty three feet wide, and had what are east of the site of Privat's house He alao
now known as side wheels. These paddles bad a soap factory near the Hon. \Villiam
were set in motion by two horses who trod Allan's wharf at the foot of St:erbourne or

í64

LANDMARKS OF TORO
TO.

.Frederick street, and conv'!rted some of the! hotel, and was dismantled after the wa.r of
atorehouses belonging to Mr. Allan into the 11815. Mr. Bloor, of Bloor's brewery, and
factory. , George Cooper, who lived on the Davenport
Mr, Halloway. the frat keeper of the! Hill, took part, by instruction of
lighthouse, had the first house on the Island. I the Government, in dismantling the
It was close to the lighthúuse, about 30x20, old house. There were two lar
e
and was built of frame. It stood north-wes;; I gUllS, which they hauled around the Island
of the Pl'. sent lighthouse. He had two or from what is now Hanlan's Point, along the
three daughters and a nephew who lived road by The Lake8ide Home, and then over
with him Mrs. Hailoway had a narrow I to the main land, via the Big and LIttle
escapt' frc,m drowning, being rescued by Don These were then .hipped ñna.lly OD
Capt.
lcGiIl Strachan, and ever after- schooner. belonginC1 to the Mackintosh
wards wilen she woulcl meEt him sh" made brother!, of whom'" there were five, Johu.
him thoroughly embarrassed by throwing Charles, Ja.mE's, Robert and Daniel. The
her arms about him, aud once, 'tis said, she guns were S<1nt to Prescott and tht'n trans-
kissed him. 'j he lighthouse was built in shipped on what was known as Durham
1800 by John Thomson, a Toronto builder. boats to Quebec
Thi8 wa.s the man who, w;-lf
n the United Cornelius Van Nostrand, an old To
Sttiotes declared war, carried the news to the rontonian, when he saw the guns being re

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"HE THIB.D \STEAM) FERRY,
west and to the Manitoulin Island. General j moved, thought they would have been mUch
Brock, who ha.d charge of the militia., better left where they were.
wanted someone to undertake this mission The Island afforded its vibitof!1 many
tor him, but none of his men or officers other attract:ons besides the journey there,
would Tolunteer to do it, Thomson, who which, by the way, generally occupied
was J>resen
, aaid. " \Yell, General, I will thirty and sometimes forty minutes, Op-
go." BrocK took him at his word, proTided posit;e the hotel was a merry-go-round and
for him an Indian guide, and it was in that two large swi[lgs, the one to the east, the
way that t.he inhabitants of the far west other to the west of the merry-go-round.
fint heard of the war, Halloway was the The first was eighty feet hig', the seconù
keepel of the li
hthouse, and he is credited but thirty. and all three were largely
with a ereat fOl1dness for his beE'r, and is patronized by the youn
er portion of the
aid to ha.ve occasiona.lly "found" a keg at Island's vi8itors. :For the elders there was
the brewery. a bowling alley, known a.s I Ten Pin Alley,"
The Block Honse stood a.t Ha.nlan's Point, ,,'hile to ensure instruction as \\ ell
. few hundred feet north-east of the present as amusemf'nt there was a small

LANDMARKS OF TURON TO.

76

zoological collection eonsisting of a bear, I of shooting tbis animal with a rifle ostensi.
wolf. a ....hi
deer, severa.l r8.<"Coons Sind two bly loaded only with a.n ordina.ry tallow
or three
les. There was also a. leod deal ca.ndle. To see this performance a sma.ll
of &fUuøemeat of a somewhat miscellaneous sum was charged and those who witnessed
nature. Eyery Queen's BlrtIWay many of it went away believing the bear had met his
the apo:-tsmen of Toronto jonrneyed to the quietus solely through the iorce of the candle
Ialand for blaokheart shooti:lg. These were striking him. They werr. not told, and pro'
birdi of pa.88&2e of the F}over tribe, who in- bably would not have believed it had they
vari&bly were making their annual migra- been so, tha.t when the candle Wall put in thð
tion at this period of the year. rifle a bullet had precedeJ it, n
vertheless
Another, t.hough somewhat cruel, pastime Buch was the case. This "sport'" always took
conaiste<l of trap pigeon shooting, wild place in the winter and there was from
pi
ons being netted by bird catchers and time to time an occasional fox hunt also, ..
sold to Print for that purpose. fox bdng let loose the night before to fur-

,.r .

.,.

-

THE FOURTH (STEA!ll) FERRY.
Besides these contests to test the prowess .ish the sport,a.nd .. ..ery extiilàrating amuse..
of marksmen, there was turkey shooting. ment was the result.
This it must be confesseù was very Borry I I When the Privat brothers left the Island,
Bpört. A turkey wa.s tieã. &nd pla.ced on au they were succeeded by John Qtlinn.
eleY-:J.tion about fifty yards from where the \Vhere their house stood is now covered

portsmen (?) stood. Everyone who chose by the waters of the la.ke Jhe exact spo'
to c.uLer, and pay a York shilling for ea.ch is about 200 yards to the w
st of where the
.1104;, ",as allowed to fire a.t the poor bird; red buoy now l'idtl8. marking the propo.5ed
the firat who hit it became possessor of the crib work which will extend to the point
\.Mk.ey. 'l.hi.s amiable pa.8time continued where forty years ago was dry land, An-
ut1til the supply of turkeys was exhausted. other 100 yards to the west is the place
7laore ...1.1 ye
one other occasional diversion, I where the sunken boiler of the steamer

uaUy reprehenslble but perhaps not quite Monarch lies, which WIltS wrecked in 1856
IK> cruel... the one jait mentioned, this was' and where 'e\"eral years later was also
ahootina 8. bear with a ea.ndle. A bear was I I wrecked the steamer Southern Belle.
pare
, and forty years ago these "ere There is not much more to relate respecting
not dificult to .bu.in, and ø. man resident in the c,ld Island. Among "he fishermen who
Toront.o aaed to give aD exhibition I lived the' e were David W IU"d and William

7û6

LAXD)IARKS OF TORO
TO.

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Strowger, who were partners. David \Vard I miles of the distance to pass through .
was succeeded by his son \Villiam, who was: 'orest almost untouched by the axe of the
born on the Island in 1848 and still resides lumberman, and in which bears, as late as
there, having 110 sort of general ch9.rge. i 1846, were still to be found,besidas game ot
William Geddes and John Jordan were 11.11'10 : many different descriptions. W here the
well-known fishermen. They, like the beach I Suburban electric car track on Dundas
upon they often ha.uled up their nets, have: I!Itreet, to the extreme west of Toronto
/Zone elsewhere never to return. To return' .T unction, now turns ou't of that thorough-
for a few moments to Louis Joseph Privat. I fare and runs almost at a right angle to-
During thE' time he lived on the Island two wards the lake, was an but unbroken
of hi.s family we
e born; one of these fought I for
st save for, the road running ttlrough .its
on the Federal sIde all through the 'Var of mïast. ka.v.ng Toronto and proceedmg
Secession, being twice wounded, once most west on Dundas street towa.rds the Hum-
severely. He still lives, though in somewhat I ber, the last house on the left hand side for
shattered health, L. J, Privat was as nearly two miles w&s in 1849 a small
huma-ne a man as he WM enterprising, and wooden tenement, some iew hundred yards
on several occasions saved the lives of care- to the west of the junction of the then con-
less boatmen. Among others so rescued cession, now Keele street, with Dundaa
were two brothers namcd Martin, Thomas street. On the right hand siie, Rnnny-
Carfrae anQ two young men named Haigh mede, Mr. John Scarlett's residence,
and Osler. Of Privat it may be said with erected in 1838 and situated about a third
safety that he was revered bÿ his family and of a mile from the concel!sion, was the last
respected for his integrity and kindheart.ed- buildin" from there unti
the site of the old
ness by all who knew him, and If some of the racecourse on the Humber plains was
amusements in his day were somewhat out I reached. All was bush land, on the southern
of unis' n with the teelings of to-day one side of the road, alm'Jst to th
lake, and on
can reply by quoting the French proverb, the opposite lIide also for a diatance of near-
"autres temps autre. mæurs. " ly it not quite two miles : 0 the north.
· ,__ The race-course known as Scarleti..s
CHAPTER CCXXVIlI.
round W&8 on the plaiDS lyin
to
LAMBTON AND ETOBICOKE. the north of Dundas street, bounded on the
east by the concession rnl'nin
tow.arda
Wlfly Teara IUnce-The Old MIII.-Rellped- West-on, and on the west by the woods oa.
lDC the Gamble, Fisher and Hew-land the top of the hill overlooking the Humber.
Famille.. l it is fully de.cribed in another chapter of
.Letls than fifty years since, any one who the Landmarks, DO more need be said sf
'WAflhed to proceed hom Toronto
o La.mbton it in this sketch. Paaøin
the race courM
bV D

das
tr
t n
t only did so under I ' on the right was Go famoua tavern, kept for
oond.ltlolìS dlffermg wIdely from th03e which many years by a. Mr. FeatbjØtone, aDd ..
aht.a.m to-d ay, Ln t had a.lso for nearly two race times a. great resort for those who fre-

7f8

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

qllented thow meetings. There is !Still an I despatched from the former to the latter,
hote' on the .ame spot,but the old hostelry, they were shot along this slide with wonder-
beloved as a calling place by the \Yeston a.nd ful rapidity, as many as 280 and even 300
li.imico farmers, &s well as by the sporting : being sent down in half an hour. Occa.sion-
fraternity, hll.!I given place to a more pre. ally it happened that one of the barrels wall
teutious though proba.bly not more comfort- arres ed midway in its progress, either
able dwelHng. through being made badly or from some
CI
y adja.cent
this tavern stood, in other cause. Before it could be removed or
1849 and for manv years afterwards, the I started again on ils journey, It was gener-
weH-known flour barrel m3.nufactory of Mr. ally struck by the next one descending, when
A. D'Arche ; thi;l consisted of two buiJdings both alwa.ys toppled over and were dashed
di;;tam, from ea.ch other a.bout fifty vards. to pieces below. This, when it happened,
The first was that in which the rihs of the I alwayöi afforded the crowd of young folks
barrel! were put together, the second that who were watc dng and admiring the oper-
where they were hea.ded, finished and atiolls immense gratification. and was
shipped to the customers of the firm. .A I generally greeted with a shrill cheer At
grea.t deal of amusement was afforded the the bottom of the hill on the right was a

..

.mall boys of the neighbourhood once or
twice a day by the mode adopted to pass the
partly-finh1hed goods from one building to
the other, The finishing shop was some ten
or twelve feet lower than the one where the
barrels were be
un. Thi. wa. owinlZ partly
to the mode of iu construction, and partly
$0 the lac, that it wall on the de!Sc.:nt of the
1Ii11, whiM the former wa. on the
8ummiL. A lont" .Ude exacUy resem-
.ling a ladder with run
. twelve or
iift-een feet apan. extended from the
_ñ to the eeeond shop, and when & 8uffi-
eioeat _Illbel' of br.rreb were nady to be

large tavern, still extant, much used by
farmers a.nd others who had business in the
neighborhood. Next to tha.t again was
Howland's store with its fii! ht of broad,
wooden steps, some twenty in number, as-
cending to it from the street. This building
has not been altered in &I1Y material respect
for more tha.n forty years, and it i., we are
assured, practically in the same state noW'
externally as when it was built.
Immediately in the rear ot the store there
was erected by Mr. F. A Howland a hand-
.ome brick rer.idenoo, facing tbe river, of
whIch there iI . .keioh "inD. It atü1

LAJÇDl\lAHKS OF TORONTO.

769

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exists and is occupied by Dr. Co'ton, On the I It was an opera.tion not often performed,
right I and side of Dundas street, going west and when it was, was attended with a
r..at
after crossing the Humber and asc9nding the I deal of trouble, not only to tbe workman,
hill, were several small houses, all but pretty

nerally to the ox This repre-
built pf WGod, and still remaining (1893) in sents a phase of colonial life long pa.
ed
much the same state as they were forty-five I away, but there are still many living who
years ago. Almost at the top of the hill can remember when such an occurrence was
was a smallcooper's,or rather whceìwright's by no means uncommon, P&8t the blM:k.
shop; the businell> has disappeared,' !though I smith's shop, !Still ascending the hill, were
the buildinlZ remains. Next to it was a black- two or three cottages which yet remain,
smith's shop, which is there now as it was though 8Omewha.t wea.ther-bea.ten, and
in the' C Forties." In fro:lt of this shop then came Gamhle's store, or, aø
stood for many years, finally disappearing it was sometimes ca.lled, Milton M.iUlI depot.
about 1860, a curious contriva.nce which was It i. th
re to-day as i
was btl.1f a century
used for shoeing oxen. since, altered in scarcely a detail and look-
It consisted of a frame work. four feet in
as if it might remain for another fifty
wide, ot strong hardwood ba.rs about four years, For somc time it was the post-office,
inches ilquare, and six feet long, dovetailed but that bas been removed f'ls
V\here long
into four posts about five feet high and six I ago. Of its propriewr, Willie.m GamBle,
inches square. forming the corners of the more will be aaid presently. St1l1
oing
stand, and resting on &. substantial floor of westward, there were a few cottages, lIome
two-inch planks. There were three of the of which. thou'th altered, are still sta.nding ;
horizo
tal bars on each side of the frame. then came a handsome rongh-f'ast co\tag".
and on the top and ends it was held occupied for several years by the late Fred-
to(!ether in its length a.nd width by timber erick Augustus Whitney, who was &. well-
of the same size as the posts. .At the upper \ known Toronto resident up to the ,ime of
end of this contrivance. midway between I his death in 1867. This house has been en-
the two corner posts, were two perpendicu. 1 tirely rebuilt. A little further to the west
1s.r bars, one fast. the other moving from I was &. harness maker's shop, which s,m
right to left on a pivo1i at the bottom. and I exists UDder &. different proprietor. Past
capable of being made f&llt by &. bolt at the that again W
8 a small wt'Oden achoo1 honft,
top, When an ox was br ught 10 be shod. which wu as late as 1854 the only educa-
he was driven into this framework stall. his I tional establishment for mile. aronnd. Of
bead secured by ,he moyablp bar, and the I the education given there little ca.n be s.id.
blacksmi\h then commenced his lIoIlything except that it WaB of the most meagre order.
but agree.ble taak of shoein<<
he animal The bniidin
hu been gr_tIy .ltered. aia

778

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

1154. and Poblw schools are \' ithin easy dis- I It is now necessary to refer to
tanee of all the residents ot that locality, I the eastprn side of Dundas atl'eet, opposite
but it is yet Bta.nding loRd. is used as a place I &arlett's race cours
. Here on the brow
of worship by the Roman Ca.tholics. AS- ' af the hill were two. hauses which h& l
oeDding St.. Geo1'ge'l!I Hill, at its I'mmmit an originally been a.wa.ggan shop, but were con-
the right, atoed, in 1848, the recently erect- I verted into <Ìwè!lling houses by Mr., now
eti church 'belongine- to the Anglican com. ! Sir, William Pearce Howla.nd. One of
1'!lunion known all St. George's, Etobicoke, I thes
was occupied by Mr. Howland him-
cow as Islinszton. It was attached to the I self until 1854, when Mr. Peleg Howland
rectory o.f Mimico, which had, prior to. ] 848, I , lived in It, after the destruction by fire of
as rector the &nerend Doctor Phillips, who his first rfolsidence, which occupied the site
was chrl.pla.in to th.. LegÍ!llative A.sembly, upon which }!'. A. Howland afterwards
and was noted in the time of the rebellion I huilt the house already Bpoken of. Passing
of 1837 for hÑI uncompromising Toryism, I a. hundred yards or so to the west an.l on the
&lld his adhe
ence to the political party very edge of the hill overlooking the Hum-
known "8 the" family compact." rhe late I her, was Mr. D' Archc:'s house. Both it. and
William Lyon Mlo,ckenzie o.n more than one :Mr. Howla.nd.s dwelling ha.ve been little
occaf6Ïon singled him ou, as a victim for his altered in the laHt torty yea.rs. Some fe

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VDspa.ring invective and biting sarcasm. , ,,,er y small tenements were cloømy adjacent,
Dr. Phillips was never b..ckward in retort- one occupied by a man named Good, .. mill-
IDg, thbugh it must be coniessed he gener- , wright of enormons stature, being six feet
.IIy C&me off second best in these encounters, nine tall
St. George's present. no architectural At the bottom of the hill wa.s Hovt'Jand'.
beauty, thouih it is prettily situa.ted. In flour mill, and ill. itfs rea.r a small distillery,
1848 Dr. Phillips resigned; he was succeeded also the property of tbe family. The preeent
by the Rev. H4 C. Cooper, a B. A. of Cam- mills were built in 1843. Strictly speaking.
bridge, who for nea.rly thirty yean held tbe they were rebuilc, for they occupy the site
rectory. He died in 1877, and of him it of an older mill purchased by Mr. Howlaad
.... rem..rked rot hi8 death, "that be never from one Thomas Cooper. The latter at one
lost a trlend O!' made an enemy!"There is one time owned a. wharf in Toronto, which he
cJistinctioR .tta.ched to
t. George"s tha.t is excban
ed with another member of hi.
..hlt.ppily lha.red by very feW' Anglican family fo.r Lambtou mills. 'l'hï. old mill
d11H'ebe. in the Province of Ontario; it i. was of very prirni\.ive fashion. U bad only
free from debt, and being conaecl'ated for one" bouit" and one" hand-packer," and
divine aervicø, is, with its surrounding !Zr&ve the whole of tbe gearin!z, with the exceptifJQ
yard, the ab.olute property o.f the Episcopa.l of the gudgeons aDd spindles, was of wood.

. It was worked by water, of course. a.nd bad

771

LANDMARKS OF TORO
TO.

what is now most unusual, an undershot ' I mills, which were situated on the banks of
wheel. It was 4:0 by 50 feet and two and a tbe Humber, about a quarter of a mile to
half storeys hiah. 'fhe new mills \\ ere most to tbe l!Iouth,ea.st of wher..e the ri'Ver is crossed
l!Iuccessful. tho
gh Mr. Howland met with J by Lambton bridge, Closely adj<)inillg tbe
no smAll amount of o
poaition, which by mills, only on the lop of the river's bank,
4lint of eu

perse....erance he over- while they, of coune, were at the bottom,
ca.me They narrowly escaped destruction wu Millwood, the r sidence for nearly
in 1850 through a terrible freshet wbich thirty-five year!:! of Mr. Thos. Fisher. These
.wept awa.y the Humber and also tbe Don mil1s \rere built by that gentleman for
bridge.. :Fi ty yea.rs ago, just where the I!rÏ:1ding wheat, and never used in hill time
present bead gates are for the mill of to. for any other purpose, Now tbey form a
elt.y, was a sawmill. built by William Cooper portion of an extensive" IIboddy" manu-
iv 1812. It was pulled down a few yea.rl factory, and present no resemblance what-
later. The old mill purchased by Mr. ever to their original appean.nce. Millwood,
Howland is said to have been the lecond .Mr, Fisher'8 house, shown in the engraviDg,
cue erected in Toronto Township, Farr'e. of though deprived of nearly all the .plendid
Weston, being the first.. Croising the Hum I treea tha.t originally surrounded it, i.ø Dot

,

01 \II' .

ber to the left of Duudas stred, about one
llundred ya.rds to the eut of th
bridge over
the riTer, stood for maD) years. being first
erecied about 184:0, a Itone Luilding, it.!
machinery driven by water power, u8ed al a
wool c:ardin
mill. and the business carrie"
on by Mr. William Gamble, who has before
bees II,entiooed. Mr. Gamble gan up the
tnde in 18:s6, aad tbe lIJill was cl08ed. and
after being used for ditrereDt pnrpoaes WAS
fiaally palled down. Alcending the hill
were two frame bousel about on
huudred
yards ap Irt, and they are there yet, sCloroely
altered ill. aDY particular. Just before the
tep of the hill W&8 rea.ched, bra.nchin
off to
the leI&; a.s ODe proceeded westward.
was a Darrow lane lell.din{! to Mill wood

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altered from what it was when first COIl1'
pleted, aboRt 1836. Mr Fisher, who lesided
there so long. was a Y orkl!lhire man by
birth. coming from Pontefract (sometimes
pronounced Pomfret), where he was born ia
the year 1790. His ea.rly da.ys were p .8sed
in tha.t lovely old town, wherf! is tbe castle
in which Richard II wa.s imprisoned and
died. and wbere Vaughan. Grey and River's
were, "öhh the tacit "pproval of Richard III,
put. to death. \\ bile yet a \ ery young man
Mr. Fisher removed from Pontefracs tð
ueds, where, on January 4th, 1813, he wal
m&l'ried to Miss Sarah Sykes, of that Ancient
town, Six years later he came to Canada.

il1g followed in IH21 by his wife. Mr.
Fi:;her first Bettled ne
r where London.
.

77

LAXD
lARKS OF TORO
TO.

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1'.... City. liðW atandø, and be cut the first l It to Mr, William Gamble, who erected a.
tfte thai was e-ver felled on the site for the stone building liJeveral storeys high on the
tuture city. Of Mrs. Fisher's journey frum site of the lIaw mill for use as floor mills,
Qoebato Yor
tojoin herhusLand it may be calling them Mitton Mills, after a Tillage iR
remarked it was perÏormedfor the entire die. the county of Kent, EnglamL wi
which
tatwe on III batte-au, which was 110 great Mr.. Gamble'liJ family were closely connect-
aodertakfng for a lady, encumbered .. s ahe ed. Ii; hu bew stated, though we
W&8, with two young children. Mr. Fisher, have evexy reaaOl'l. tobelievQ it; ill not oorrect,
W'U lor many yean a Il,aglstl'ate for To.. I that tbe name of Milton was bestowed on
ronto towuhip. Durini the rebellion of the first milb b1 Mr. Figber, afOOr Viscount
18:1. be took up arl!Hl in aid of the Goycrn- I Milton, tM ..-Jen eon of Eal'l Finwilham,
MeI.1i aDd was, on Novembel.' 22nd, 1838, ! a:Yorkshi e nobleman and laB:dlord of g....t
gazetted Majo.l' in the 3rd West York Mili- celebrity. Very pro l a.bly Mr. .Fish
r, who
tia, He died in Toronto in 1874 in bis 85th I W&II inteDsely proud of the ctluntyof broad
}'eM, Mr., Fisher baY'Ìng pre-deceued him 1 acres from which be came, W,IS noS 110 Utt:!e
..boas 18 months. Before building the àouse I gratified tba.t they sbould bear 110 name closely
and mills iust spoken of, Mr. FiBher I connected in his mind wi
h his na.tive sLiTe,
had erected OD the Humber about 110 mile a8 well ae with that of
lrs. GamLle.
nearerits mouth tha.n
Iillwood, do lar",esaw I Under
lr. Gamble's superintendence the
mm and substantia.l house adjoi.l1ing it. JU8

Jilton mills were carried on for near'" 25
when. he had completed the latter, he sold years, more or less Jroccessfullv. When

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

773

tbat gentleman removed to To-, was able to make fa.r more carriat:{es,bu,l;giea
ron\<> in 1859, t.hey pMsed into: and gigs than he t.::ould find purchasera for,
other hand8 and a.fter many Yicisaitudes of I those who were able in those day!! tû in-
fortune were finally closed and aru now a : dulge in th
luxury of a. carri
e being yery
ruin. Mr. Galnble w&s a son of the well i few and far betwteen That was the time
known Dr. Gamble, of Ùle Queen's Rs.ngel'8, ! when il'l. early spring the old title of
anè was becu in Canada in M.a.rc
1805 He I U muddy," as app:ied to York, \\ auld do
married Mias EYi7JÙ>f"th Bowles lkenchley, I I eqna.lIy Vw-eU fOL' Toronto. At that seaDon ot
øf Maiddt.one,
land; they bad ane the year teams, drawn by oxen, might fre-
da.ughter,who ma.rried Mr. John Boulton, of i quently be Been st.uck fast in the mud on
Toronto. Mr. Ga-mble. unlike bia elder both Adelaide anti VictorIa B)feets J requir-
brother, John William Gamble. M.P., of ing all the assiztance that could be rendered
Pioe Grove. took liu.le part in puLlic th
to extricate both the oxen and the
a.fJ&ire. flu devoted his time to his business ,'ehicle they were attemptin
to dra.w frolD.
and to the promotion of agricliltUl'al inter- their very uncomfortable position,
ests, and faithfully discha.rged hi.!! dutie!' as It is said by old residents in Toronto
a connty magistrate. He was a well read that HeU built the first reapi!l
machines
ma.n, an a.rdent lover of the Anglican ever made ill Ca.l1ada. He was an ex-
church, and an immense fayorite with young hibitor of these implem
llts at the Pro-
people. He a.nd }lrs Ga.mble both died iu
incial EX
1Íbition held in Hamilton in
'roronto in 1881. Retradng our steps along 1847, and obtained .. diploma for the same.
Fisher's lane, ths I a sand road witb ne>> This honorary distinction is still extant
houses on eit.b
r side and destitut
of a side- and in possession of one of the
walk, we again CfJme Lack to Dundu street i mombera of ,Mr. BeU'a family. Bell only
and turning to the left proceed w8ßtward I lived to complete about twenty leaping
towards St. George's H ill. On the left macbineø; he fell a victim ;0 thu cholera
band side of the road, now thickly buiU; epidemic prevailing in Toronto in 184fJ.
upon, were :)nly a few scattered houses. I The late .Mr. George Crookslumk was one
Just w st of Fisher's lane was Dr, Phillips' 1 of Mr, Bell's earliest customers. Be pur-
residence, there being no rectory a.ttached chas d ODe of the first, iÏ not the very first,
\<> St. George's, an? next to it a building machine built a.t the Victoria street factory,
used by Mr, (; a.mble 0.9 a general storehous61 i and placed Jt, on hi. Y onge street farm, ten
for his place of husiness, almost opposite. , miles north oi Toronto. There...as a ',reat
Further to the west again, on tbe corner of I prejudice against these machines in the
the concession (going towards Mimico) and I minàs of the working claslles of the day. ...
Dnnd.a.s street, was a tavern kcpt for some ! they were fearful thø.t their introd uctton
tim.e by a famoBa horse de",ler called Samuel I would affect the rate of wag". Threa.ts to
Guppy;
t never being very we1l pa.tronized ; ÏJurn the barns aDd otl)er farm bui1dif1. s be-
it WG1! closod tn6uy yea-ra zince. Between the longing to Mr. Crookøha.nk were freely in-
tavern and 81; Goorge's Hill were two or I dulged m, but were, happily lor all partie.,
tbr
very small hous
8000 notbing else. n6lver carried into effect. Bell claimed for
and 10 the description .f Etclbico1,e ends at hi. reaper that it would out ten acres of
tbiø point wheat. oats or barley dall,. \Vhether it
wae quite as great a buccess M tbis
is not known, but at any rate
Mr. Crookshank W&Ø fully aa.tizfied with hig
bargain.
For Making CarrIages. ReaplD
Machine, Besides makin" carriagea, waggons and
and Cabli. agricultural implem&ntø. Mr. Bdl built the
From 1837 'lntil 1949. 08 the .it. of the first caba ever used on Toronto litre,:,ta.
presenot Conf.edt.'ration Lif. B4ilding on I Lik. the steamerz OD the lake and th
earlier
Victoria street, 8obo
one hundred yards I locomotives on the railroads, they aU had
north of Aäelaide atre t. was situated the
a name j the first one wa.s called "General
w
n-ltt1own carriage and'farminu implement I \Volfe," the next "\Vemn:.:ton," &nd a
manufactory belonging to J<>hn BelL He I third was known to fame o.a " Crineral
wa.a known aU OYe!' tbe Ùlen HomEl D18trict i Brock." Tbey,like the heroee whose names
as makers of farming implements of the' they bore. ha.ve long since become extinct.,
new"t patterna and with the latetlt improve- I there being very few in Toronto who e\ en
mentA He ma.de not only reaping ma- I remember them.
chines but ploughs, h .rrows, cnltiyators, A. has ÏJeen alt'eady mentioned, :Mr. Bell
horae fakes, and seed drills. Besides this died in 1849 He was emphatically "80ft
decidedly mi!l
ella eous a8sortment of goods honest mall," and that ,be poet tells us .. i:i
he built heavy waggons, and he also the noblest work of God."

CHAPTER CCXXIX.
AN EARLY INDUSTRY

774

LANDMARKS OF 70RONTO.

were ",lao Uppet' Cu.na.d& CoHege boyø, ..d
ahoae by .. d
ger werg oflict'n who
'ere
transferred to the r'ligJent from the
r-
'- a
mID"uDre of n." Form"ttoll of a maAeftt
ilit
ry ø
tf
r8 or from reg1m6ftU
Re
lmPDt thai Bad at O
Time In II then Ø&rVlDg In this colony :-
....any
.D.dift:u.l. I O&LO!f1lL :
Tbere are few readers ., tbe La.ndmarb ' Ma-jùr-GencraJ Viscount MelTiUe.
whe haV"e Íorl{otten the stirriD
e\-eHts of tbe I ' LJ.JtUT, -COL8NJU. :
Jndian Mutiny of )85';-58, WhR each Euro- George de Rott.enb1uJrt. G. A.
pean mail brou,.:ht ire..h tid.ings of <<HI-t.- 1I.&..1ßM:
rages and atrocities committ8d by the mtttin. I J. B. C. Jtebil\
A. II Dw.nn-. V. C.
oUCJ Sep"ys, and ",beu Britain's supremacy I BnY.t; Lrout.-Cot
in her trastel'D dominioDS seemed for II. t,Ïme CArrA.J" :
to be trembling in the balanco It was at T. L, M. W.'dalia, J.àB C1arke*,
. his period, when the hOlT0!"8 of Caw-npore, Brevet Major, T. W. W. SJ.y\be.,
,be heroic defence of Lucknow, and the I R. B. Iagram, G8Ol'ge McC
tDeY.,
braYery of our troops in their attack! P. G. B. Lake,
. J. C1&rk'u,
upon Delhi. filled evervone'll mind. and i HeD.I'J Cook, Ricba
C. P'rk..,
w'h.eft tèe names of
lin Campbell. Outram, ! Jatnea Clery, G_ P. make
Ha.velock and Inglis we" as familiar &81 Heney G. Browne,
nou8t"b.>>d
ord8
hat the lOOth
imeRt I V. C.,
fiNt ca.
Into f!'XMltence. SeYeD cities are LUFrKNA1Cft :
said to claim tàe honour of being the bin1t- · George B. Couh)l
n, Louia A. Ca;;II.oU*,
place of Homer. but at lca.øt. t.hree times I Jobn Lcet. L C. A L. De Bel
e.
"bat nnmber of p<JOple ha.ve sought to obta.in i Ja.mea LILab, feniHe*,
t.he distinction of beiDg the firlit io s-uggeat I F. W. Benwcll, PiüUip Dnbishire*,.
that Cana.da not only was willing but was I ReDry L. Jttcbolls, Alfred Eo Rykert .....
also a.ble to raise a laody of troopll io · JOieph VOðly, Cb
H. Carriere.,

f; *be mother co\\atry in her need, To! Riebat"d L &"tiff, By. T. Ducbeane.y.,
DO enè h pa-rtwnla.r can tàis honoor De, Jno. l'l.k:her*, Brow. Wallia u
ril-;btly given. The rauing of the looth I InfSlQ88:
Regiment wa - due to tbe ta.ct that not. 081y / C. MeD. Mooraom. CòM. A, P'04IkoD-,
òuring the Mutiny, but previousry, wàen I :Fred. llorrÏ-8, T. H. Baldwin".,
the CrÍ1nean wa.r wu raging, Canadiau f-eel- , JDO G1bbs Rid01lt**, W. P. Cl
...
i..g and pa.tl'i ,ti::;m had Þeen str
ly HeDry È. Davirll!lOtl*,
&l'oused, a11(l ma.ny (If our public JD{,n openly' FA. YIfAa'JER :
upresaeJ the deaire ot Ole people to give Joae.ph J1ntchi1Ssell.
i&n,
ibJe proof of tlu' devo-tioD of Canada to QUAItTER-.ASft&:
their Quon and to tlu! defeAC. of .he British George <M-a.nt.'t
Empire. Theae lIeIlt.imepts wele conveyed 5URGKO){:
by too MiaÎ8try of the ti-.e to Sir EcbMmd Will.iun Bar

,v. Hl.'ad, then Governor-Genera.l of Ca- 4S5ISUJrl.' SURGEONS:
aada. He duly represlolu
tbem to the ThoOlM Liddard., D
ol Manoy.
Home Government, wll<l ,rratefKUy
no"- I I 'l'he commandinc .fticer, CoI.oa.I. d. Rø\-
le
ed the loY
1 of tàe cokmy &öà accepted t.enbUFg, was a mall of lo
aDd varied ex-
tbe offer made &00 raiøe a body of troops wbicb I peI"ÍeDM. .At the tUne of hill .ppoint

-"&8 to be called the lOOth Prioee of \\"&16$"" tb.ø conuDADd he ....as ad
t-ge
ral of
Royal Canadi.&.Iol BeeilRf'Bl TDe Goyerww-. , Jlilhia for tbi.>> eouUrJ. ud h.d .1.8

GencrQl Wa.8 empowered to crant cgmmiM- Iter. dattn< th ' rehenìon of 183i as a a.ptaia
Iioas ill tme corpi to one major on the ooa on the at.t.ff. Meeiriag the breMt rail\: ef
chti011
t. bo ...wed two fttlclred nt
B. to I Ift&jor i<Jr Iti.ø Mrvieea OR a aporial ..UiBÌOa
si'( captains who h&d eaeh to bl-lni eiaJK,- I upoa which ke '" _hat time waa emploJed.
recruit., to eighi li&atenaDY wlw wwe to be I l
fore leaving T
t.o to assu.e eoRUD&Dti
responsible for half of tis-at number only, and I el ;.be reg1.DMn", CoNaei de Rotteab"rg wu
'0 four e
nø who had to pas& & qualifying 1 -"t-ert.aiBed '" a f.reW'WU banlluIJt i1J....
exa.minatioB When
formAtion of
be '&oeeúI Bota'e by IUD,. of 6fte militia ot5cen
regililent wa.s completed,
i'3 arraB2elllleD
I of t.iM ti.., aad
by
nt W'i
a
was slightly akered, \here
in
oaIy fiV3 IIWOI'd YÙled It& .-e àenclred &ad
...
y-
Cane.dia.n captai14.!l instead of &ix, aad five Sve
The law
eo.i Il W Tb
-
.nslgns instea4 of fem-. The foUowiIDi is a! !to!!
ed. lie w.. npportoà en bia ricbt
eomplete liet of the lint ojicen of tòe reø:i- : by tIN Gov....r-G.neral, ... an hi. Wt hy
ment. '( hOM diøtinguishe4 87 all ..tetåk t.fte iuest of tlte eveamg; .tao by the 1e6.e Sir
were Canw9.DII, those by a double aMeriek J.bn B, .Robiaaoa, Rey, :Dr. .PdeC..l aii4.

CH APTER CVXXX.
THE OLD 100TH REGIMENT.

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m

Colonel
kf"r. Of the many othen pre- Cavalry. He gained cODsideraUe pubr

sent few now survive. Ma.jor D.nD, previ- notice for himself and his troop during; th
011.\! to joiuillll: tbe ICOth, had been b the hdian
utiny by hia outspoken decIMation
11th Hus8ars (th
y bear the Dtck'lIame of on pa.rade in the p:-8sence of the inspeetini
tLe "(""berry Picket's' from the color of their o.ffi.cer, "that he and his men would proceed
overaUe) and
erved with tha-tï ga.ll
nt to the'sea
of war iy next steamer if the Gov-
ca.valq, corps all throu
h the Crimea.n clIom- ernment would accep; their services, '"
pai;;n. He belon
cd to the Li
ht, Hrigllode, Among tbe lieutena.nts Cow-a,
and was one of the famOll.i! SIX Hundred, Lee, Lamb, Ca.sault and de :u.lle-
and on peace being concluded received the feuil1e had served iB the Crimea. Cas-
much-coyeted d coration of the Victoria ault afterwards became a lieutenabt-
Cross for his
&lIa.nby at the battle of colonel in the Canadiau militia and wal
Balaclava i. sa.ving the lives of Sergeants created 0. M. G. tor his services \0 his conn-
Bentley, Bond aud Privste Levett. Dunn try ãuring the fir.;;t North west rebellion.
was the only ca.valry officer who served in A melancholy inter
t a taches to the nail".
the Crime \ tha.t obt.in
d this distinction. of Mr. Benwell. He was fa-ther of the
On his return to Toran 0, after
ce wø.a young ma.n \\ ho met his <<eath at
concluded in 1856, he was received with \Y oodstock under such tragic circum-
great enthusia.sm, and was, i!l conjunction stancell a few years ago. Among the other
with Major Wells,of the 1st ROTal Regiment, oflbers Ensign Boulton may b. referr,:"d 1,0
also a Torontonian aud au Upper Canada. as one who \V48 popular among all ranks il!
College boy, who had likewise honorably the regiment. E'i:cøpt during the Feniu
served in the Crimea, publicly entertained troubles, it is m3.ny years aince ther.
.t St. Lawrence I aU, and had a sword of has been 80 much military excitement Î%
grello
value presented to him 1.y his ad- Toronto 0.9 ther.J was during the time tm
mirini'; a.nd gratified f Ibw - countrymen. ltOth waø in cour::!e of formation, FO"
Colonel ãe Rottenburg retired from the ser- many wf!eks la.rge crowds assembled ea.èt
vice in 1861, and ),a,jor Dunn becoming day at the old Bay Horse on Yonge 6tree\.
lieutenant-colone:! by purchase, l!!uc'Jeeded which was a rendezvous for the l"ecruitic.t
to the command of the regiment. Some ' I partiell, for the purpose of learning how tar
few years la-tel' he exchanged into the 33rd, work was progressiug. \Vhat with W'atcl:,
and i.J. J auuary 1868, on the m..
ch to
1 ag- ing t.he mar{'hin,g of recruits to the st&tÌ<tn
dala, in the Ab)'Minian expedition, Wa.s en route tù Quebe,', listening to the mnsìa
killed by the accidental discharge of his of the drums and fifes and admiring the gay
guu while deer shooting. He was buried at ribbons and scarlet jackets of the recruitin
Senafe, beloved Gond regretted by ofticeI's sergeant>>, the towß8peopie we..e pretty well
and men. Of the remainin,( officers it may employed
d.riy in the month of June.
mentioned that Major and Bcevet Lieutenant- 1858, the first detachment ot the looth.
Colonel Robertson ali one tiJile served iu Re
iment sailed from Quebec for EDglani
Canada. in the 71st Regiment. Captains under the command of Colonel de Rotten-
Cook, Clery a.nd Browne, V. c., had served burg. A few weeks later Colonel GordoD
duri
the Indiau .M utiny and greatly dis- of the 17th Regiment followed in charge '>f
til1
uished themselves a.t the defence of the second portion, and very shortly after-
Lucknow as 1i
utenar.ts in the 32nd Regi- wards Major Dunn embarked with the I'.
mCl
t, not only beiag mentioned in de- mamùer of t!.e corps. Their first quartet"
spatches by tlte
ener..l offieer in comm"ud, were a.t Shornelitfe, aud there under the
but promoted to captaillcie
and gazetted to tutelage of nOB-commissioned officers from
the lOOth Re
iment in r&cognitioB of their the Guardll, all ranks were iuiiiated iot.
l
b,ntI'Y. l aptain John Cla.rke, who was the myst
ries and intri{'acies of drill. After
afterwards employed here upon the recruitin
six months tuition the
ervices of the
siaS', though not a .ferontunian himself, wa.s C;ua.rdsmen were dÏ8pensecl with, the Roya.2
eloøely COIlD-tlCt.d by marriage with one of Canaàia.ns being then able to
ompare
Toronto'. well-known fa.milies. He married favorably with any other infantry
Miss W:dmer, daug
r of tbe late Dr. Wid- corp', Dot eyeR excepting the Gu rtI.
mer, a medicJ,,1 pl'a.ctitiener of
rea.t a.bility in themselves. In Nf)\"emb
r, 1858, tb.
tbis city. ORee an army surgeon ",'ho h&d recruiting at&ti' for tol.e r
iment relurned k
served with dÍ&.Unctiog in tbe Peninliu1ar war. Toronto
o as to procure fresh men to fiU
Some of Capta.in Clarke's family still re- the nca.nciell occurrin
from inv-aliding, die-
Bide a.&\Ong us. cha.rges Þy purchase and otbt'r causes, ea.,...
Captain C. J. Clarke Wa.i! the son of a doc- tain Johu L1arke a.nd Lieutenant FJetchf'1'
tor residini!: in the northern lIuburbs of To- were the ofticers appointed; they were
ronto, and bdore he receiv
d his commisf!ion accompanied by four sergeants and t..-.
ïa t
e l00t1l was captlloin of the Y orb-il1e . lmglers aud were instrumental durina- the

Ti6

LANDMARKS OF TO RON ')16.

three y
ars tb
y were statÍfmed here in ob.
taining some three hund,:ed rccruite. No
twe ofti.Gers were ever hetter qu&liried for
sucla & 41uty ; wai1e exaetin
strict dn.ci-
,tiQe they took Ml inte.t:eillt in their moo
saitlin
their respect a.nd affection, 111 con-

uencø serious Cl'ime W1LS ul'known a-ud a
good. ctU/Ø of reernits ilf::cured, During tfie
whole time tbe
pot ei the regiment wall
stationed iu. CAllAda, there was ollly une
ceQrt martial a.M not one C&8e ei
hðr of dia,
e.raceial ooa.duct or eI doMl,tWn. Ou
fte
recruittn
depot beiaQ; wiÙ1drawlI. f..om
Ca.nada., Captain Clarke exoh&uged into the
Roval C&na<lian Rifles and ueutenant Vlet-
cbãc røt.ircd front the serviee. subsequently
becomin
colonel in the Canad
n M.ilit&.
In DeceDWer, lß58, the ofticer eom-
man4inq tho lOOtb Regiment WIlo8 inform-
ed by tbe ("./Qmma.nder in-chief tbat on
the 10th of the following month the
Pnnce of W Me>!! wO'Illd yisit 8horncliffe for
the pw-pose of iUSpeCtiRg the regiment and
pr8Nnting it with ita c0wn. This WM
felt by a.ll ranks of the regimen
to be a very
hi
h eempliment., His Royal Highness had
jut been (l:azetted to a oolonel.cy, but had as
yet ma.de no pubtic appea.rance in any e&pa.-
city, and .is choorsmg this occ&8ion for bis
firM &ct was very greatly apprecia.ted by
officer!! Ml.d men, On the morning of the
d&y fixed for \he cer'elr.ony the regiment was
dt:a.wn up in line wa.iting Ïor the Prince
te arrive. Thi8 he did precise
y a.t noon,
aod ae W&I5 aceompanied by the Duke
of Ca.morige, Major-General Viscount
N.elTille a.nd nearly 8.11 the officerR of the
&horncliffe 3J1d headquarters staffs, He war.
received with a roy&l aalu
, tbe troops pre.
senting arms, aød the bands playing the
national anthem. It is worthy of remark
5bat tbe Prinoo'J!I escort from Ute railway
st&tion to the camp was a. troop of the 11th
Hussars, the same re
lment i. which Major
Dunn had, 808 a a-ubaltM'D, fought; so bravely
and achieved such reno-wn, and some of the
very men who had that day eacocted t;hò
Prince had but very little more than four
yea"
previouMy followed Demn in the glo-
rious but fatal oharle .. lata the Vailey of
Death." Tåß Prince, a.fter a.eknowled&ing
the salute, rode slowly <Ìown the rank" of
the regimeQ t. He was foRowe l by t f! Duke
of Ca.mbridge, wbg, one ot the London

rs of the tim. reeord
, \V3.S "pa..ticu-
la.rly struck with the fine body of men com.
po'Iing th13 lOOth." 'I be inspection over, the
troops formed t
ne sides of .. square, with
the drams in \he centre, UPOII which reMed
tbc oo\ws. Tht:y were tßkell from there by
Brevet :LieuwDMlt.-Colonel Robertson a.nd
Major DUDn, and by them handed to the
Princc. He in turn h \nded tbem to tbe

two senior ensigoe, C i\1.

or.om and ,T.
Q. RHout, who with beDded knee t..ok thf!m
:Ram hi
nandt.. ID pre
tiDg the color.
His Royal Hi
l1caa laid :- "Lord Meh'ille,
l'olonol d. Rottenburg loud officem and 5I1C.
of the lOOth Regiment-h is moat gratifyiw.

to m,l:\ that by the Queen's gracious pt:l'U1Ït!.
stou, my first puèlic ac\ MnCG I have h..l
the honor of hoiding a eommusion in the
BFitiah a.rmy sftould be the presentation of
color!! to a. regiment which is the sponta.ne.
OUi ofl'ering of the loyal anù spirited CAna.-
dilW peOplfl, aNd witb w..ich at their d'!!&ÌN
my name has been specia.1ly Þ8ocia.ted. The
ceremonial on whIch we are now ene-a.ged p
-
IiIeØ8eS a peculiar significance aDd so1emui,y,
because, in confiding to you for the first time
thÏ1l emblem of milit&l'Y fideJity and Yll.lor, I
not only recognize emphatic Illy yoar enrol-
ment into our n&tional force, oot celebrate
an act wbich proclaims &nd BtrengtheDtl the
uni
y of the va.riQu par,- of this vut empire
under the SW&y of our CQß}ft1on so\'ereigl1.
Altoough owing
1fty yguth a.nd inexperl-
enCt' I ca.n but very imperfectly give ex-
pression to _he aentimentl!l which
thili1 OCC&6Ï-on is calculated to a...Ake>>
with ref
ren
to YGurll91v811 and the grea.

and flourishing province of C a.n ada, you
ma.y rest l11116u:-ed tba.' I shall ever watch the
progress a.nd achievem0:l.ts of your gól.llant
corps \\ ith deep inoorest, and thAt 1 hea.rtily
wish yQU all hODOr and ncceu in the pro-
secution of the noble career 011 whicl\ you
have entert:d." Colonel de RoUenburg 1'6-
plied: .. Ma.y it please your Royo.l Hi
l.1.
ness-As the immediate commß.nding officer
of your Royal Highness' CAn&dian l'egiment,
I tender my humbLe duty to your RoYAl
Highne. for the honor which )'OU ha.ve
done the r
Ìlr.ent t.his day in conJes=end-
ing to present its colors, a.nd for the gra-
ciL>US tel'ms in whioh you bave a.ddreMed the
officers aDd men. I a82ure your Royal Hi:h-
noss that we are deeply gra.teful for tbis aot
on the part of your Royal Highness. The
vrea.t colony in which tbÍJ regiment was
ra.ieed, a.mOBg_t whoae ranks hultdreds of its
sons are serving, and all who belong to it
are more Ot" leu connected wi th Caua.da,
will &130 fee most gratef\l.l for the honor
whicb the first regiment rl\ised in a. colony
for general service has rec ived from your
Royal Hij!'Hness,and I assure YO'J. a.t the call
of our sovereign, Canada. would seÐd ten
sucit re
lment6 aa this ORe in de-
fe:tcc of the Empire, should .iuch
lion emer
enoy ever arise requiring tbeir
servicell, Tbe lOOth Regiment hM
receiv..d its first colors m the most honor-
able 1UlIoDn.,r I!uch could be beatewed , namely,
from tbe ha.nda oi the iliustrioWi beir to the
throne of this country. It rests with the

LA
D:\L\.RKS OF TOROXTO.

777

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778

LAND!\{ARKS OF TORONTO.

regiment to main\a.in ,heir cot<<s al...ays I
with honor. I confidently assure ,-etll' I
Royal Highness tbey will do so. If thøa
colon an ever 1Infurled in the nresence of
All ellemy, the officers and men o
f the l00th T

I:t

'
o;:hea
:n
h

rr1'

l

.
:';;,:::::
RegiDMat ....ill be rt'ady to sllcd t
ir bi.oed Itoned OMura TbuelD..
ÍD lèe defence of their colora, of their Queen . . . . .
uu.i of cheir couutry. I aga.in humbly tbank Th. 'lbird .York M)U
la
Imen
was
J'08r ROJal Hi
hnesll for the honOl" y01l. firlt. ecrolled III \be y
r 1811 01'. In th.
haTe 4Ione the regiment." v...} early. daY8 .f 1812, &aà COBallierd of
Thes. formalities bein
concluded, the ' I two ba
tahon8, t
Eaøt and

t York,
re!Ïment re-form d liue, then I roke iuto though a
a lat.
date othf'r ad
ltlODe
e
e
open column of companies and marched past mad. to. n.
t 18 t. the E
t } ork MIlItIa
hi. Royal Highness, first in slow and then I tha.t thIS artlC
e no.... particularly refers.
in quick time. After that
hey were di.. I The

}QWlDg. 1.8 M aecurrotel
,,=S can be
WSlled to their qua.rters. ÜI1 the conduBioD I ucel'tai.n
a lut t)f the c
mml.slOned oBi-
of the parade the Prince IUI.ched with th. cen.belongwlZ to tbe corp
I? Jan
ary,1813:
officers of the regiment, afterward, ret.urn- Lie
t(:nan
:c:elonel-Wllha.m Chewett..
iDg to London. In the evenin.1. in still fur. Ma}or.- \\ ilham AlllLn. .
t.ber celebra.tion of the day, the offict:rø k ave I c.pt&lDI.-John Button, John \VIlsoÐ,
a gt'MWI ban which was attended by the! P
ter RoblDSOD, Joan Arnold, James Fen-
...hoIe of the you th, beaaty and fashion of the WIC
, .T ames M uatMd, Dun
an C&IIleron,
county and which paE>sed off with great D
vld Thomøon, John. Robiuson, Sa.muel
eel... '
1?O_nt,
"
a8 HalDllton, J ðbn Burn,
In J.ne, 1i59, the regiment proceeded to VI
t&m .J&r,"ls. ,
Gibn.ltar, from there in 181)3 to ,Malta., reo Lieutenants-John H. Shuh.z,George :\!u.-
tur.in
to Canada in 1866. In 1868 it aga.in i tard, Burn.et V an..
er

r
h, Ro
d Stanton,
øailed for England,..nd in 1877 emba.rked for' George Ridout,

lll1a.m
anY, E-dW'ard
IocIia whe<< i' remain
d at the olos. of I Mc:\1ahon, John .
daon, Ell Playtet'.
l O
' r "A
othet' Iiat g1Ve3 t.his name as Samnel
a<ra. 1 arVI5.
Among la' er officers of the ROyalCan&dia.n8 ! Ensigns-Andrew Thorn, A. Smalley.
....:1 be mentioned Hugh Rowland-e, V.C., Dona.ld McArthur, William Smith, Aodr
w
now Lieutenant-General, a gallanr, and dia- Mercer, James Chewett, George Kllek,
t
lÚghed soldier. who foughli bravely in ! Edward W, Thomson, Charles D
ni80n,
the C
i
,
e for øome mentbs in 1860 " Ocorg.e T. Denioon, D' Arcy Boulton, and
..... JDDlor Ma.Jor of \he looth, and was sac- Quarter-Muter Caa.rlee Ba.ynes.
MðÒed by Major Henry Stratton Bush from I Whai a ho,t I)f re
llections this old
the 'lat Foot, also a. Crimean hero, hAving I h. reCAll.! Colonel Cbewetc,
ough long
there }oat the the use of his left arm. years since a member of the .reat and silent
Beary J. Grasett, l&.te of the 10th Royall! I majority. has many direct deecen-
an<!! Chief of Police, TOf'ODto, held a commÏ:s- d&ntl residiB
ÍB Toroa-to aad. ÍB
lion thereÏ11 for aLout Bine years, being I tbe province of which it is the
pit&i.
Adjukn
and an efficient one, for a con- Kitrd., ItClI.ial, WiUiMt1 Allltoll. i. lttiU
.w.n.ble period. Robert Edward Colborne I happily represented by Àill SOD,
Jan-m wu....o a 8uhaltern in tbe 100t11 I and it 5eem
bttt tbe otber day, thou1{h it i.
iD
e early da.yll of his milit&ry eareer. He I a
eneratjon, einee Pe\ilr gobin.on wu
_ch.ang
d in 1860 into a regimeni serving I ga.thued to his fat
r9.
ÍD India, and \Va! with Genera.l Robert.s on I Ja.mes 1tenwick ha.s Kr&ndsons ) et in Tg.
IüI fa.:noWi marcb to Candahar. HCDI'Y A. ronto, and there are many dilect d
8cen-
.Jones, olie of the weU-kDown f,rockville f .
uts of Duncan Cameron
IallÙly, W!oS &DotQer of its junior officers; he I --David &lld Edwa.l'd W. ThoD*ln were
died eevera.l year>!
o. The first colors of : nncle and nephe19' re!!pectively. Their de-
Use 100th (now- the FIl"It Leimter Regiment, i cendauts are fILl' too numerous to refer to
it hving with other infantry corps lost even in the slightest detail.
it.s Bum.rical distinction) were a. few \ ears I John Robinson was afterwards Chief
1II&t) deposited in the Parliamentary library I Justice of Upper Canada. H
" .
J.
M O
ta.....a, There they hang over the clock, , among our best and noblest, ..... his long
Mr'Tmg u &. mute roemorib.l of the only day's work h
cea.t;eù "

Dial regimeut ever raised for ieneral' Charles a.nd Ge:orge Denison were brothers.
--nee iA the Britiah Empire. I !'he firet wed in the . a.rIJ .. t.weotiu,"
I lea.ving no descendr.næ. The latter waa the
, owner of &llovne, Toronto,
Amon
the other officers tbe Rido8t,

eHA PTER CeXXXl
THE THIRD YORK MILITIA.

lION. WILLlA}1 ALLAN.

"\

op. ii

L.A
DMARKS OF TORONTO.

;79

paper which

Hamilton, Boo1too., Jarvis, Stanton an.\

lercer families have !\11 phyed a leading

THX <<<< EAST YORK" COLORS,
ary, 1813, of their colors, one of which, that faction from any acoount of a discout"i:.<<',
b
.u-ing \he motto, .. Deeds SpeaK." being whi<:h derived much of its effect fro.u th.

pecially worked by the young ladies of earnest sincerity so conspicuous in 1ih.
York. It is a pity that tbe Dailies (If thelle preacher"
patriotic young ladies cannot be given in The account, after explaining t:'at the
detail All. nnfortunately, tha.t is known is immediate Cúmmanding officer of the re
i.
tba.t Miss PowelJ, da." ghter of the Chief went, ColonEl ChewCðtt. W:" ullAyoida.bly
J ustke. was one of them. absent, so the mea wen under J\IajOl' Allan
It hAs bee-n a.bsolutely necessary to con- (father of the Honorable G. 'V. Ailan, of
deue the account of the presentation as Moss Pari.). proceeds thm :-
contained in the" Conn try papers'-' thongh .. Dr. Stracha.n, after the Ji8COlH"Se wa.
as fll.['!La pra.ctica. l le the original wordin
eaded, r
sumed the surplice, and ascendiu(
has been adhered to. The young laùies of a Stage whic1 bad b en erected J,lea.r the
York had worked thi8 banner iDtenùi-ng pulpit lor the oCCó\sion, reque.ted tàe} OUDg
to present it to the regIment immediately laåif's who had wrought the standa.rd for the
upon its return from the ex
edition to De- 3rd Re
imcn t of Y o['k Militia to 1LppI"Oa.cb
trait. Hostilities suddenly recemmenced, with the person whom they had
thOQ
h, and the iDtention "taa deìayed. chosen to prt:sent it. The ReT.
S.me time later, after tht: lamented dpath Dr, Stra.ehan then consecrated the
of Sir Isaac Brock, Sir R. H. 8hEaffe, the Regimen
al Colors and ihe Standard to ' e
gelier.l commanding the troops ill Upper presented by the ladies, which were snp-
Ca.nada, havillg it 1n his pow
r to i\ttend ported by Lieuten.nts Geor
e Ridout aDd
t.he eeremoDY, the .jay wall appointed for Samuel Jarvis. of the 3rd Redme.n"," Here
the parpose, aDd at 1 o'clock p.m. the regi- let us dLreas f<lr a moment. N'3arly fifty
meDt W&.I drawn up in front of the (",1l'ch I yea.rs la.
er tha.n this event, namely, in 1869,
at open order to receive and aa.
ute the when the 100th Prince of W.les' Royal
general and his suite as they pa....."ed ClI.nadian Regiment were presented wi.
The s(:rv'ce and ceremony will be described their colors by the heir apparen", John

780

LAXIHIARKS OF TORONTO.

----- -----
Il

:'>lAJOR ,\LJ.AX'S CllESTXUT TRJm.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO,

781

Gibbs Ridou" a nephew of Lieutenant " attending the
ift a.nd addÍll
.. they who
George Ridout was one of the ensigns who }:ave consigned these colon to our cbarge
received them, he being an officer in the zeø.louaiy hope that we Iih80li never abandon
tOOth. I:ut to return to the story, the I tbem, but with life." And he brought his
prayer of COD6ecca.iÎ.O.l was offered b
Dr. brief but pointed addr8S3 thu8 to a cl02C:
.,tracnan, and on its conclusion "Miss " March then ander these colors inspired
Pewell, daughter of the Honora.ble Mr., Ly th80t pure hOl}Qf" which characterizes tbe
Justice Po ,\ ell, pre8ented the colors to the I Christian 8Oldler, which inspires him with
Inajor' witb this short. elega.n' and ani- I reverence for religion and loyalty for Ilia
ma
d addreas, apoken in a ma-nner se sovereign and makes }Um the humane pro-
amiably and unaffectedly diffident and in a " tectoI' of the iallen ..
tone sO interestingly appropri8ote to the These color. M'e now in posaeasion of
sentimeBM (,1 tbe occasion and to the fair Mr, G. \V. Alla.n, and, &I can be seen from
pre
entf:r that it infinitely h
htened the " the engraving given of t
e interior of that
ao1
m!}i
y and incre&.M'd (I speak from my gE:ntleman'ø museum at Mosil Park,form a pro-
own feelingll) \he rapture of the scene." minent feature in its contents. The noble
Miss Powell's speech was aa follows: cheliltnuttreeimm<<;diatelyopposit
Mr. AUan.s
"The young ladies of York, in presenting house, of WblCh an engraving also is
iven.
a banner to you, their br&\'e and succeseful was planted by .Major Allan, who COffi-
defenders, pertwm a duty most gr
teiul to I manded the West York when they received
thelI' own feelinglJ. They are proud tbt:&e flaKs. It ""8oS on1y in the natural
to imitate tbe example of the I order of things that in 1870 .\1r. Allan W&I
most distingui8hed of their sex among the I gazetted lieutenant-colonel of the regimental
virtuous and heroic nations who have division of West Toronto, and Richard 1..
8olwa.ys rejoi4:ed in giving public testimony Denison, a. m:pbew of the Ensign Denison
of tbeir gratitude to their countrymen re- who first carried one of the colorg. as
tucning from victory. lieutenant-colouel of East Toronto, these
.. Receive then this ensign of union as a two divisions beine- fairly repre>sentatÏ\-e of
token of their la.sting e.teem and "he h&r- the old regiment. As soon &S Mr. All80n
binle of increasing glory. W&8 gazetted to thia comm8ond he made a
"Receive it; 808 a proof also that they vigorous lIea.reh for these standardB, but they
strongly pø.rticipatein that generous pa.triot- had mysterio&lsly disappeared, and not
ism ",",hich burl?8 "ith so pure a flame I without gre&t difficulty we.re th<<;y recov-
throughout the province, And whp.n you I ered, Mr. Allan, with that courtesy he ÜI
beholå i, unfurlt:d in th4il day of battle, ltit it I ever ready to extend to all requiring infor-
become a kind relnembrance of the unlimiteli mation, in reply to inquiries made writes :
oonfidence which they place in the efficacy I ., Colonel Denison 80lld 1, &8 our rligimenw.l
of your protection." divisions had to a eert-ain extent taken tlhe

la.jor Allan receiYeù the colors place of the old 31'd York, agreed to wake
from .Milti'! Powell a.nd ha.nded them a vigorous search for
e old colurs of the
to Ensigns Charles D..:nison and I regiment. So fa.r as we could learn they had
Edward Tb.ompaon, the j\lnior otIicers of the i been for many yean in the custody of the
r
iment, retnrning, says the ac('Ouut. .. to l80te Colonel Duggan, but he Wa.8 dead, N.me
t&e lovely donol'8 of them thi3 reply: of his family could give U8 any information
,e ME8DAMES- abont them, and tM oulitia a.ut,loritles were
" This r
m
nt of militia receives of tbe entirely ignorant of what had become of
young ladies of York with the most grateful them,
RoCknowledgmont this consecrated banner." .. Colonel Deuison dwd in 1878, and I had
The Major then p"ooeeded in a businÐßs-like ne80rly given up the i!t::aI'ch aa hopelclos. when
aDd solaierly way to add tha.t the regiment one day I received a letter from my friend,
he.d honestly tried to do its duty in the the late Mr, FellDinga Ta.ylOl'. .......
past and would for tbe future. The p;øJla.nt U This set 111e on a fresh ::earch again, a.nd.
ma.jor concluded hia very brief addreøa by finally, throußh the kind 6fl8ista.nce of Mr.
assnring the reginumt'a fair benefactors that I E. H. Du
gan, a son of th'! late [{ecorder
IC the flattering confidence you place in the I Duggan, wbo had ta.ken 80 great dt'al of inter-
eßicacy of our pt'oteetion sha.ll not be dis- mt in the ma.tter. the two flags, the Quoou'.
a.ppointed, '. The ceremony inl5ide the. color and the white .ilk fla.g, were: found in
church then l"llded Emerging from the I a very sorry condition in the attics oi die
sacred buildinl the tl"OO
formed cl-ose , N orma.l .chool buildings.
c
lu'!'n of oompø.ni.es and were addrened IC It I\eems from all I could lw.rn that when
W1.t-h a few word'S of hearty congratulation, the bnildings were first opened. conv.
-
by :5ir Roger H. Sheaffe. Major Allan "Iso 1 zlone was JriYen there in honor of the then
II.ddreliSed them, stating the ciroumiltancea Qo1fernor-Gell,re.l. Lord Elgin. .Flags were

om

LAND?l.ARKS OF TORONTO.

rowed whPrever they could
obta.ined it is now, With its triple ct'Ø8HS, &inee 'he
too deoorate u.. rocm'3, and these &mong the union of (;reat &it&w &Dd .Irel.Dd ill. 1801,
rest, and but foc tb
diligent aea.rch ma.de It may be thus
cribed :-It,
oulldwork
fer t.bem. they would probabìy h&ve lain isÞlu
. a.nd U(I. aiais ia fi.rM plafled a 1\'hi-te
there un
tbey ha.d entirely f..llen to piece. eros" ùiagonaUy laid, tbe width of which is
"Of couree I was only too rejoiced to seCUI'e one-fifl;h the width Of' hoist of t.he flag; ; that
tàeae tw. .
, even in their damaged con. is to _y. if the ðag u 30 h. lORg in tne fly
dition, but \Vb t I exoee<Ìingly re_rct is, &Od 15 ft. wiM in tbe Iao_. the 8t. An-
that the regimental color, which I per- drew
flag ia three feet wi' e, On Ùns cross
fect-]y reco11ecl havin
seem when & b<ly- is plaeed tile red diagonal croes of St. Pat-
&oDd which ha.<.i "Detroi'," "
,toney Creek," ric -, one fifteenth the width of the flag,
a.ad ot.her place.i wh'.re the naBk companiea with a white bordu, or fimbri.e.ti<m, of one-
of t},e regimcllt were engaged -woned in thirtieth the width I httS oD.e-ha.lf Ðf
yellow !Silk on the bllnting, ÍI I fea.r hope- the white cress is covered by tbe red cross
leøs-ly lost. and it;ø white border, but as tbe
"I have made dil'geat search and enquiry 1St, Andrew's cross repl'('
nts the
everywhere where I thought it was at all senior member of
he kio iA "he Union, the
likely to be f Alld, but in vain, and if a.s: white is uppennoet in the firs' quarter of
was probably ,11e case, it was lent with the: the flag. Then on top of these is a whit.,
others, on the occa.sion I have referred to, I upright ö:rosl on'e-tbird the widtb of tt.IH
we 811&11 neY
r I f
a.r see tbe old fl.l.g ag&Ïn." I flag, aud on this again is the red cro
on
'

Tbese color! wt're preserved a.ll throu!Sh I fifth tbe width, thui1 leaving tbo white Cl'OSS
the remainder of the Wd.r .f 1812 and en-I showing as a herder for the ditference i:1
cotmtcr-ed 8OII1e lringular vicissitude , bein
, I their respecti,re \\ itÌths, or one-fifteenth the
it is said, on Gne GCcasion buried in a. fi{arden width of the ða.g. Tbw, suppo
ÏÐg the flag
to preveat even the poasibility of their is 30 fe
t 10Dß and 15 feet wide, tbe upright
beIng cl\pt'lred, but since the war were, croes of red ÏI 3 feet wide, with .. while
never unfurled, except in presence of an border 12 in. '" ide on either side. '1 he total
admiring puWic. fhe last time they are width of the dia.gon&l cro
s is 3 ft., of which
kßo\Tll to ha..
en used by the militia was' there is 18 in. white, 12 in. red, nod 6 in.
i>> 1859, on tbe occa.aion of the ina.uguration I white, arraB
ed the broad white nppermo.:;t
of General Brock'fI monument by General in the first quarter and t e narrow white in

ir :Fenwi'Ck Willi&ms of Kars. ; the others. The first Union Jack dates
The East York Regiment was not' from the uusades, and tber.J w-cre varIOus
emLodied &gain after peace was procl&imed alterations or addit,ions to its pattern until
in 1815, until the re e11ioD of 1837, when it'll I 1801. Since then it has rem&ined un3.ltered.
oflìce.rs wet'e 1M follow
:- Should the dru1cendantB of th08ð wbo once
Colonel-Geor
e Duggan. formed the East York
liliCöia. ever be
Licut.-ColoQ.ØI-John W. Gamble, caned upon to defend it, they no doubt wili
:N.a:jorlil-J. B. Brooks.
amuel Na.tioD QO, as their forefathers did, their duty.
Ca pta.ins- W iHiam 'Bald win, John r a ylor J
John Playter, Alex. Murray, George Dug-
Ia.n, jr., Jam
1!I Brown, James .Beatty, John

prou.le, TliGma.s Dennie Harris. A For:oUrn Fadory.
Lieuteft&nts-Edward Hitchina, Themas Leas than forty.five years sin<:e-in fact
Bell, J. C Morrison, Joseph \\" orkma.n, as late as 1851-thero Btood on thp ea.st.ern
William Ce.wthra, Thomas Milburn, Nichola.s i aide of Church. between Gerrard and Carl.
Crawforlt, John Duggan, John \Varffe, .J. I ton streets, the
lue factory of Mr. Samuel
D, RiJÐUt. I Carr,
Ensigns- W. A. Gedåes, Pet-er Heward, , ' Beyond tbia fActory there WIIoS a lar
e
A McDoBell, D. Pattersoe, ß. W, Roberts, patch of bush land. without any beavy tim.
KdwlW"d Nation, A. H milton, John I ber ct:l'tainly, &nd this was a great resort
.Moore,
or the idle youths of TCfon
Cburch
At the e1o.
of 'be I ebellion, with the ex. I street then only extended to Carlton street.,
oeptien of tbe uumal lJIu!:lter, DO furth r! and for aome very sbort distance there
dàty w a exacted from the E.\st; York, and I wa.s & sand ro&d wbich te['1rinated in tbi>>
ia lS5õ. on tàe reorgaai&a.tioD of the entire! wood, which was known as II Molly \Voo.i's
..ïù.tia el bos..h Upper aDd Lower C&nada., it; Bush."
....ed to uut.
ßefore eloaiol( tM. a.nicle a few words
.-y be aaid i.B reference to the Queen's col-
or, whid! i. non. other than the Union
Jack of 'h. present d&1. which haa been, as

?ì
'Y.;
l-
'

$,
r.

;;;;
!;!
rL
Þ
""

g

Yo

LA1I.'DMA"PtKS OF TORONTO.

783

CHAPTER CCXXX.lL - - I Bath.lion Volunteer
tilitia. Rifles of Can.
I Ada. :-
THE QUEEN'S OWN RIFLES. I THE FIRST COMPANIES.
1. BArrie Rifle Company, Capt. \VOl. S.
Durie
The naUallon'. It.ry rr.m &b. Date or It. I 2. Fir}t Rifle Compa-ny, Toroll
, Capt,
"or.aUon Thirty Odd W.ar.
K.-II. Goo Brooke '
Qo.. aerYlee ..lIaDY Jl'1.ld.. 3. ThIrd Rifle Compauy, Toronto, Capt.
Tile mtlitiaman cherisbin, iM IDQtIt pro. John Nic',inson.
per pride in bis own ba.ttalion will assure I 4. Hi
hland Rift.e Compa.ny, Toronto,
the cirilian that th':! corpa of which he is a I Capt. .-\. M, 8mith.
member bas at least one feature which makes 5. Foot Ar&;iUery Comp&Dy, Toronto,
it pre eminent in Canada's volunteer force. Capt. Ry. Uoodwilt.
Perha.p", if it be thJ.t he belo1l 6 s to a rural' 6. Highland Rið.e Comp&DY, Whi, by,
batt&Jion, he will point out that in physique Capt. Ja.I. Wa.llace.
the corps Ï8 head and ears above a.nytbing in It was originally intended that the Br&mp.
the COUf.ltry. Or it may be tha.t the bat- ton company øhou:d be i
corpot'ated with
tahon possesseø tul exceptional number øf the new battalion, but for SOIIle
Cl"a.CK Ihote. Again, the officers may be the re8.80n the \Vhitby company was
am.r.rtest .et in tb. land, or t.he adjufaut the substituted In its pll1oCO. No. I Company
oniy ma.n in the Ht'yice who has a proper wae afterwards drafted into the 3ith Bat-
apprecia.tion of hi. duti&!!. ' I talion, and No 6 into thf! 84th, their places
:But let Any membt'r of any CtJrps m the I and numbers being taken b}' new companIes
Dominion be a.-ked which, of .11 Canadiau recruited in Toronto.
volunteer org&llization'S, he
.teem.; the I The field officers and IIt&ff we... :.-
most complet.. in ever,- reapeC'\, &ad the I Lieut. -Col - Captain and Brent Lieu'.-
answer will c,me, in nille c.:ues out of .,en, Coi. Doric, from No. I Company.
.. The Queea'. O"'D Riðes." I Majors-Capt, Brooke, from No. 2 Com.
So biil must he one of the cues in which Plloll."; Capt Smith, from No. 4 Compe.uy.
what everybody lays illi ao. To tell l'oron- I Pa.ymaster-Major R. B. Denison. from
tonians why it is so wÐuld be &8 unnecessary: una.ttached list.
as useless. The Queen's Own Rifles is' Adjutant,-C&pt. Goochdn, frolD No. Ii
Canad..'s erack battalion becJ.ue it bas won Company.
itS title to the posit on ! Quartermuter-Ca.pt. and Brevet.Major

any men, fathers of grown up families NickinsOB, from No.8 Compa.ny.
now. were l&.1ty youn
chaps when the Q.O. I Surgeon-Jas. Thorburn, M.D., from late
R. formed. But one ba.ttalion, the Prince 1 4th Rifle Co" Toronto,
of \Va.les' Ride., 0 Montreal, is i
senior.! Asst. SurgeoD-Frank Ball, Toronto.
and th...t by a .cant five months. Therefqre, I In the 130 ter part of 1861 a.nd beainning

he Queen's Own nnmben second in the I of 1862 othw independent con
panies were
list of nine1õy odd Íllfantry c,rganiza.tions. I organized hl tbe city, for th
young men of
It W'M a member of the warlike, Toronto were, as a newspaper of the time
DenÍ8oD5 who originated, in 1860, a. ea.id" seized wib a. very ardent mihtary
þlan for tÃe forma
of a volunteer fenl', It is now the desire of our young
battalion for the city of Toronto. In I bI0o<ls. to become learned in tbe glorious &l't
1856 several volunteer rið. OOIapa.nies of war an,j th
y msy b, seen drilling in
nlÀ been organized in Toronto, These!
he ma.rket pl&Ce Oft au.' of these fine
comt>>o4iø,
'hùe regnlarly drilled, were summer evenings. A favorite walk for
fi
parate aDd. in4epencknt orpnizationl, ' many of our citizens i. to the drill
round,
under the eonirol of the iaspectiDg field where the marching, counter-marching and
officer of the pr.vince. I other intric&te manæuvres are wit.nessed
Coi. Geo. f. Denillon. IH'., proposed to the with mucb interest."
Gover
ment the organÏ&a.tioll of a. rifie If th ' "ma.rchings and counter.marchin
s"

tta.hon an?, the ,required aasent being' were &II .tiff L.<; that paragraph the wa.rriorl
I'ven, a. meetlDg of tM officers of the val'Ìo\ls mllst have had the proverbial pokers where
companIes was called. At that time there !.hey would materially aid in producing a.

ere only fou" efficient companies in the military carriage.
cIty,.and the officers of the Bra.mpton and Tbe new companies which were organized
ßa.r
le oompe.ni
iI w.... invited to attend,' were commanded by Ca.pt. L&
ham (No 7),
80S IIIX were neoeaary for a battalion. At Capt. .Murray (No.8). and Trinity College,
the meetine nerybody wa.s i. favor (No. 9),whill;:t others did not join until Nov.
of t
e p1a.n and. 011. April 26, 1860, Ule fcW- 21, 1862, when th. c'rps Wall raised in
løwmg compa.mes were gaz
tted as tM 2nd st.ren
th to ten companies, the Barrie and

784:

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

\Vhit.by companies again becoming inde-! lieutenant of No, 1 company of the regiment,
pentieRt, while Capt La.th:1m's ctm'Ipany and:l. few months aftennrds Wa.Il a.dvanced
was transferred to the 10th P.oyall!l, w the onerous post of adjutant, He it wa

of TorODto. The Gft:zelle of thtt date who first institnted the keepllU
of ø. regi

mentioned Kates the regiment to have beea mental record, the ponderoull Tolume whi
'h
ma.de up of the following companies :- i.s now Adjuta.nt Mercer'. most valueà.
No. l-capt. D. G. McDonald. No, 2 Co., In char!!e, the luss of whic:h would cause more
f)1'l-,;:in
1 formation.. .' . I wrath to the staff of the ree-iment than the
n!ff

t

. James SI11It-h. No.3 Co.. IB orll:l- resignation of half of the member!.
No. 3-Ca.pt, Peter Paterson. No.5 Ce.. in ori- Some of Mitt young men who for pay
gin&! for
ntion. . I sit on }u
h stools in merchants'
No. i-Capt. 'V. R. HarrIs, 1st Merchants \ offi
es and write all da y ]on g in
Com
&.ny .
No. á-Capt. Wm. Murra.y, 2nd Mer.:ha.ntø obese ledgers would do well to look at tl1'is
Company. ' Queen's Own record, wherein are l!Iet forth in
No.6-Capt. L. W. Ord, Vict.oria.I
ift.e(l: . I Adjut&nt Otter's even, clerkly hand the
R

7-Capt. Robt. SpðnC!I, CIvil
erVlCe doing!!! of the bold riflemen, The hand-
No.8-Capt. R. B. Denison. Trinity College I "riting is the writing ðf the man who goes
Ri
eg. . ab.JUt his bnsine
s, knowing just what he
lli
"s.9-CaPt. Hy. Croft. UniversIty College I , waTlts to do, how he . shall do it withc;Hlt
No. lO-C
pt. A. T. Fulton, No. i Cf). In origi- waste ()f words or time, and W 0, havlnp
na.l formation. planned his labonl, carriee out his pla.n wiU.
On 18th March, 1863, permission wasJ out slip or mi:Btep, Had not Col. Ott(\'(

iven to adopt the title of .. ThE Queen'. I chogcl; to ma.ke a. first-claM soldier he could
Own Rifles, of Toronto," which on 13th I have been an 8xemplar to enf!:ros8injt clerkl!l
Ja.nuary, 1882, was amended by the subetl- the world over.
tation of the word. .. of Canada." for .. 0: Lieut. -Col. Otter SpeDt much time and
Toronto." ' I trout1e on the QueeR's OW'l regimt!ntal
THE REGIMENTAL BADGE. records, a.nd tha.t what ml\.Y be termed the
Until March of 1863 thtt battalion was I skeleton of the history of the corps is in
without a regimental baùge and belt orna- I such perfect condition is due to him.
menta, and there were n'any differences in I I 'l'H
FIILST PARADE
the minutiæ of the uniform as worn by It was on thE' Queen's birthday, 1860,
officers. In 1863 the present badge was that t;he first regiment.al puade of the
a.dopted and worn witbO\,' changð until ba.ttalion was hold. Companiefl 2, 3, and 4:
18ï5, when a black enamelled cross for offi- &Ssembled at 10 o'clock, and after drilling
cers and a ISCtI.rlet ODe for sergeants for a. tilT'e, marched through the town to the
were s\ll,stituted fClr silver and brOn7.6 Parliamt"nt "rounds, where afell. de joie wag
reBpectively. In February, 1879, the ba.d
e fired. The townBP4\Op}e turned oui in great
a.nd orna.ments were gazetted as special io I numberB, and In the af
ernoon the regulars.
the regiment. I then stationerl &!o' the Fort, and the Tolun-
It wou d I.ot be f!:liing beyond the uuth, teers attend-ed the races.
as known to every n;.ilitia.man in Toronto, It was in September of the same year tha.t
to fla.y that Col 'tV. D. Otter W&Ø the man th. youthful Prince of Wale:!, undM tbe
who brought the regiment from a by no cicerona.ge of the Duke of NewcMtle, visited
means firm estabhshment to the prc-emil1
nt Tn ron to. The Heir Apparent WIWI received
position which it assumed soon with many demonstrlJ.tlons of a.ffection, and
a.fter his promotion to important rank. wa.s furnished with a f!:ua.rd of honor from
Hi were a waste of WOI",Js to tell the regiment, commanded by Capt. Fulton,
Torontoniall8 of the military abilities with Ensign Brown as subaltern. On Sept.
of the commandall.t of the Toronto l
the corps was reviewed by Hiil Royal
df'tachment of the Canadian Regiment of Highneaa in the Queen's Park. The eom-
Infantry Col. Otter has met with a.s great pa.nies presel!t werts Nos. I, 2, 3 2nd 4, the
success at the New Fort as when he com, Barrie company ha.ving been brought ÎÐ for
mandf'd the QueeR'!:! Uwn, No higher com- the occasion. The viorious movement;s
p\iment ceul(\. be paid. were perfoI'Illed very satisfactorily, and
Col. Otter joined No. 6 Company upon it!! the Prince expressed his surprise at finding
formation, and served as private and eer- such.. young corps so J'roficient in drill.
gea.nt. He was appointed staff-sergea.nt, At this time No, 2 Compa'.y drilled in a
and shortly afterwards lieutenant; of No 1 large room at; the top of the building aT, tbe
<;ervice company, which did nty a.t NialZara nort.h-øo.stecn corner of King atld Nelson
for ncarly tlJl'ee mont;hs in 1864, 5,at the time {now JarvÌ.8} streets, while Companies 3. 4
of the fint Fe Ian sC'aro. Upon the r turn and 6 practised i!l St. Lawrccce Hall.
Ì1om3 (If the flefence fðrce he "Wns appointed The second y &.r of the battalion's hi!'-tory,

LA
;D.M.H
KS OF TORON'Eo.

785

116!. was uneventful. The usual Queen' Queen's Birt.hday, ]863, wa.s signalized
l>irthd3f parade took place, and all October by a. parBode of
he regimcnt at tHe Normal
18 Companiel 2, :-J, 4 and á. with school ermtndø, wh
re .?Jrs. I)r,\per. wife
tàe Fin* aad Second Troops of York of the Chi.f .J ustiee, on behalf of ladie>>, tbe
cayairy aBd. 1Ib. YOt"k Field Battery,paraded
la\ive8 a.Dd friends ef the officers, pre-
... brigalie drill oa the Garrison Common, efJnted a splendid mace to Lieut. -CoL
-...m, insnected by Lt. Co!. MacDoupU, Durie for the use oÎ the band.
iupecting
ofDeer. After the preøeDtation the bat.talion narad-
III J8G2 the corps was Dut fairly on ita ed to Sp::\dina. a.venue, where, iR conju
ction
feet. :By &
eDeral order dafieà N OVt mber with the 30th regiment, the Royal Artillery
it its streRltQ wasillcrea.øeQ by the addition aDd 10th Batta.lion VolulI.teers, a feu de jok
at t
cQ1D
niez ftMntÏolloei ..beve, wid1e wu fired, ..fter which Major General Napier,
the Ba.rrie aDd Whitby companies were C.B.) reviewed tile forces.
_ken off the streng1lì1. _08 September 24 1 ' A (}RÅ
D AJtVIEW.
Ule reorganized COI'p8 WU iMpacted OR the On Oc:t. 8 there was a gra.nd volunteer
. Sp6diaa Å Tenua Cona.moo.a by the Governor. r.view O'B \.Be Denison common, at the heIMl
Genera.I, Lord Moa", Th. day's eXet'ciøes I of Crookshank llUle) at wbicr. 900 regulars
were marked by a. c..sualty. M&jor Brooke and 3,tIJ" militia. Were prt"aent. Major-
belD
throw. from. hia horee and h..Ying hiø Geaora.l Lindsô1.Y WAS in command, The
1
brokeR. Qøen'ß Own wel'e brigaded with the 10th
WINTKK VtilFOftM SJlUWlE.D. Ba.5ta.1ien, ; Be V oluntoor Artillery and the
On Dee. 18 of fJae same year the oftìcers N.val Rrigade under Col. Pe
ocke.
held a meeting at ....ieh it wal!l deeided _ In M-ay of. IB

e. oilicers provided
.....r wiater u.niform M f.no... ;-Dark J!lrey
ml!lelvM 11flth patrol, J.a.cketa and forage

tt.immeè- with grey fnr, 'trey fnr...p O&p!I,
oa t
}e Q
leen
I.ìll'thda.y tbe u&ual
øh bk..k lea&.Àu peH, aud 1GD
boots or I panKie, 1ft eon}UlJctlOD With the regulari and
tmiekerMckeø reaching ie
. kllee. 10th. Volunteer., \\ a.s he}d on tfte
pacliüa
ßM rema.iaiog portien el the uni- aveRlle.common, In June. the battlloli..:n took
ferm, IIÐ.J. Lieu
l1&At - CøloDel Otter, poøae5
on of the new dnll shed winch ha.d
" was liimÐnr for npposed te be) 5n that of been ereeted in
large va.cant fielJ to
eBìCWI!I of J:I. )t. rrße reglBl8nta." 'l'lw t.he eut of the old Parliament BuiliiDØtI,
kBiekerbock.ers must haft lteoø a euriou. Í&- joinÏIIg 8imcoe . wee'. ADoat this t.ÏIu

a.tiOIl. in military 1KIiform. During
à 8 eompanie. 6 and 8 became dÏ80cranÏ2Jed
-.oftth a \)aDd wa.a formed and6l' the leMler- o-wing
neglect on the part of their rt'.
sIIip ot Mr. Ä. .Maul, a.n EDgliS'hm"ll who
pect"
captaill.) and for Bðme \ime 1'fere
bad .rved ia tàe Imperial &rillY. lII.effectlve.
Altb()u
h
h. rel!imcnt \\ as yonng ÎIa I I

year the wa
of
ee...ion Ïft the
JeM"S it was Bot long before de&tb !!et ita
d StG.-.e. WBm at Itl!l height, a.nd & party
-.ark UpOIl one 01 the øt.aH. Oø Jan. 21. at Southen "fmpathizcrs .ade the faillou
*3 A.iata.Dt-Surgeoa Fra.nk Bull died IH1d raid UpOII. St. Alban s, Vt. The United
....s bwied. with military &.non. At the Stat4s(lovermnent SU-OIIg1,. protNted ag.wnst
fanenl COInDaAÏea 4, ...... 6 formed toe.. ert their border towns 3oI1d c'tiea beiog iuvacied
.wier Ca.pt. -Ord. and aacked },y axpeditiGns from Ca.nwian
OR :February 11 of the Home yør the first .oil, and a foref' of tÀree admiBiatratin bat-
ceBCeI"t t.nd ba.tl in aid of t.be baad fund talioD.l w... ordered to the Iroll.tier by th.
waa
inll ÎIII. t1te Musie hall, "ad W'a.tI an eommauder-w-chief. The Queen's Own ...
øtire sue..., 1Ibe ...m of $286 bein" netted. o!,d8rM kI ind two co
nies, each
h W&II on .arcb )8 .hat the apecial øl
ty-6V8 &trong, to form a part of

aatie. of Queen's "w-n wa.a conf.rred
àis force. The two compaJ1ie. were speedily
.. per the following l.tter : ' ferroed, the fin, cODlntÏBg ot meu frolll
A
.JUTÂ)fT-GJC.
AL'S OF.IC&, Compa.nies I, 2 and 3, &Dill the MCODd froM
Q.ebee, Wb March. .t8b"3. the remlloill.der .f ihe battalioD, wit-b a few
SIB,-W'kk ....enee te
letter to you ol from No.3 Comlt1l.ny. On Dee. 30 \he two
Ute 1'U.h
nK,..1 a_
ed
II. E.. the
I.R' comna.nï.1!I pr oêeeded b y wa y .t &.
mander-w,CJaief.
&eq1L&IM yon ,hat Her , r-:. '

ðøt,. baø beeapleued t.o approve of the 2Ðd t:atharlnM to }\11aJara under ,1M following
Batta1iOll V.lanteer- Riftea of Toronto beiJl.g officers:
dui
aated
futare ."The Qneen'a Owa Rifie1! No.1 Compan y . No. , C<na p æ nM
of. 'I1R'onto. 1 baye tlte hOl1nr to be, ete.. el.c.. . , ,.'"
A. D.
ÁLAB.2RY. U,-Col., C a.pt. Jail. Brown. Capt. C. J, t>lllmor.
Dep.-.A.dj.-Gen. Militia. Lt. W. D. QUer. Lt. W. D. Jarvi&.
Lt..CoI. Durie, 'I'oro.
. RILL Ja. Benne". EM. \V. Corbould.
lB May the 3taBdmg ord
rII of the ragi- Adjutant, .Ensign a.nd ActiD
c..p', DixOli.
meat, at! &dopted by the
fiicen, were -.p- Messrs. ,J&rYÏa and Corbould,thoa.h not'"
proved by the cowma.nder-la-chlCf. the \ime officer>>. were e:iyen commiaaiollil as

786

LAND\lARKS OF TORU.z.tTO.

tbne were Dot sufficient oft!cera able to I teer were informed by their employer3 that
}ea.. loIaelr employment ! their places would be tilled If they joined the
Tbe compal1ies went into barracks at fo!'ce, -
:NiaJara, finding alrólady there a. c?mpany I Capt, Ja.rvia was nominated fO{' the com,
eODìpoled of men from ae\.er
l battalions. ! mand of the lIervice company, with Lient.
Tb4! wlaole wu under commal1d of Lt. -Col. I Morison, of N u. 2, Uld Ensign CampWR,
:Durie, of Ùte QueeR'a 0"'11, The aection of , ef Ne. 9, as subahernø. ÜB Nov. 21 tlie
Kie reRiaaent left in TeroDto waa under; company left for Sarllia. On Nov. 27 the
command of Capt. Croh. The ilervice cumma.Bdin
otfict'r. Lieu . -Col Durie, wu
companies put in four dreary months at Nia-j appointed a.s&istaMt adjutant-general, aM,
gu.re., aDd in April, 1865, retnrned home,: Major Smith waiving his claim, JuaiOl'
havinr: .UD no active service. 0. June 21 ; Major Gillm:>r WAS placed in com nand gaRl
tbe \>attalion participated in 110 review at further ordt"rs.
:Barrie. :Major Gent'rlLl Napier inspected " The sp.rvice comp
ny wa
now doin
duty
the corps. at Sarma, but on J.ln.ary 30, 1866, the
In these days funds were none too plenti- whole battalion wa.s ordered to prepare for
ful, a.nd in order thll.t the baud fund I service in consequence of further Fenia.n
1J.

ht be augmeDt
d, an entertainment was alarm
. Parades were held tri-weekly, ILnd
I!iyen ill the <trill shed, for which the 6
r- " I the Icare W&8 bt'ginniot; to die away, wÍlen,
vices 01 a forrotten celebrity, Harry Leslie, at 11 p.m. 8 I the evening of March 7th, thr.
the" Casadian Blondin," were engaged. The I ' batt'l.lion wall ordered to pr.rade at once. A.'-'
,'enture did not pron successful. Kot- night officers and ser
ea.ots dro\e about 'he
wi hstandiug Mr. Leslie's fa.culty for secur-I city warnin
their men, a.nd at 10 o'clock on
ing au
ce8sful balances there was a deficit of I the morl1ing of the 8th inst., the LattlLlien
$75 In September, 1865, the fir",t annua.l, paraded in the drill shed 417 strong. Orden
rifle matches of the battll.lion were held on i were issued for the men to para.de daily at
the Garrison common Upwards of $300 ' 1 10 a.m., a.nd 2:30 p. m for drill,
was given in prizes, and the competitors As may be conct'ived, the busiueas men of
n-ambered oYer eighty. At an entertain- the city felt J?;relLtly the eif
t of th

lIlent in the ennillß 1\ l ajor-General Napi r I orden. Clerk a wer
compelled to a.banQo.
distributed the prizfta. their desks to attend drill. Stron
objec-
THE JlATTALIO!f I'ROSPEROU8, I tioos were made and, in order to relieye the
AM waa now running smoot,hly. The. employprs, on )'la.rch 12 th
battaUoD W&l
regiment Wit.!! in a good finrmcÌ<\lj allowed to drill eYery evening in place of
eondition and the enthnsl&81J\ of both I durin
busine.s hours,
.ftìcen and Blen augured well for it
futur"' 1 'I'his Feni
n alarm ma.de for the benefit
1ft the 6rat week of November word reaehed of tbe re&iment, for, fays C()l. Otter, " Due-
ToroDto of hostile demonstratious by iog the excitement occasioned by the gen-
JI'.:lN.ø!l oa the NiaJ:t&ra. trontier, anti, in I eral turn.out of all the volnnteers in the
eon3equen.e a gu,,-rd from the 10,h Royals! countl'y at t.he time, a.d vanta,,"e was ta.lt.n
aod Qu
n'a Own was ordered to protect j of tbe military ardor 'hen pre.alent to re

lae drill _I againat posòible inCendiariea l ' organize Compa.nies 3 and 6, which war! done
At til'8t thia <<uard consisted of one by Messrs J. B Boust...d and. G, M. Adam,
Itel'gea.n
, on8 corporal antl aix pri- the remaining companies beiug filled up toe
'Vatee, f"r111shed ahernately Þy the I their strength, viz : Gó, and No. 5 to 88,
two blLttaliõns, A wee:{ l&ter, howeyer , I which it had been epeciall}' permitted to do."
further ala.rms were giyen, and the p otec- I A BlOT IMMINENT.
tiye force ",as increa.ed t;) 1
non coma On 5t, Patrick'. day the HiberDÏlI.n Sodety
&nd privatee, under IL:J officer On Nov. 15, I avowed it!! intention oi paradiÐ
tbe Itreets,
a night attaek W&ll anticip.\Íed a.nd a piquet I while the great majority of th. tcufDspe:Jple
ef 36 meD under Capt. J ILTyis with Lt. avowed th4t ne proce>>aion should be held,
MorisoR and EllSip C&mpL8U kept watch! RepresentatioBs were 1I.1ade to Ute Hiber-
all ailZh:, Notài.r; occurred. The towns- i nians tbat In the atate of pnbnc cpil1ÍOIt .ach
people neyertbeleaa remAinù in a da.te of I a course would be in&elvisabl.. 'j h
Col-een'5
fe..r, ..d on }IIOY. 15 the Government i Ow.. together wita tbe 10th Royals aDd a
Mcwed to ...d a force to the' provisional battalien which hI. 1 been erg&B-
freatW. TiN Qaeea'a Ow. wer., ordered to ! ized, were under arm. iu the drHI !hed from
furnish a company of 6D men for the øenice. ! lO a. m, antil 4:30 p. ID. At this pli.rade 'h.
A parade of the battalion was h.ld 'he Bame mn.ter of the Qu
's Own was 39 otlìcen and
eyening, .nd a can for yoluns.erø not bein, ' 666 Blen, incln
iYe of t>>e Mn'ic.oompa.øy
entirel, ."eee..ful, drafting W&s resorted to. : at Sarnia and tlite Upper CItoDa.da. CoU.e
It was at&\eà, and W&8 known to be the fact, company, which w.as attacbed. On Mareh
$Àa' IIIlLny men WM Were a.nxioua te yolun- 31 it wa.s ordered that tbe eveni
paradea

LAN D)-lARKS OJ!' TORONTO.

787

be discontitaued, instead of whieh the bat- I tamed Arrived at Port Da.lhou:iÏe, tb.-
talion was ordered to drill two davs per' La. talion entrained and were spee ily car-
week, forenoon ILnd afternoon 1Io1terlla.tely. I ried to Port Colborne, where t.he otli
er8
TI;e oilìcera were to receive pay, w;thout: and men were billeted upon the townsp
o-
..llowance, while non con1S a.nd men were to pIe, 1 he people of Port Colborne were in
be paid 50 cents per drill. : i:I. stILt' of great apprehension, for a. report
The service company returned from 8!101'-
ha.d gaine(l currency 'aa.t the invlI.di8

ni.. April 4, leaving behind 26 men who had I l--enians had durinsr the morning cros..,ed
been transferred to the provi8ional battalion I the Nlag..ra ..nd h!lod effected a. lodgment on
nnder Ca.pt, Jarvis, who was serving ..s Lt.- ! Canadian soil. 'j he ulual guards were 8et,
CoJ.. with Ensign Campbell as lieutenant I and tired soldiers load fearful townspeople
an:i adjutant. ! were soon wrapped in slumber.
On :May 240 the usua.l review WilS held. but, I Bright and early the next morning (.June
previou8 to the battalion leadng the ahed I 2nd) the batt..lion was under arms, All
a pleas.mt event took place.
J ajor manner of reports a'5 to the movements 01
Gillmor, on bchalf of the officers of the the Fenians were in circullLtiún. and the
ba.ttalion, pres nted Capbin and A Ijutant yolunteers wert' orderej to Le in readine61
Otter with a. splendid charger anù ..ppoint- to march upon a moment'8 notice. During
ments. A review on the then far-,tr.etching the morning infc,rmation of the enemy's
commons Dear He, Stt'phen's church followed, ! movements was rcC'ei\"ed. and at 12:30 p.m.
after which .MajG-r-Genera.l N ILpier informed I the battalion n.arched to a tn,in upon which
the volun:eers that they were relieved from I were the 13th Batta.lion of Hamilton and
duty and tha.t their pay would cease I the York and Ca.ledonia Rifle Companies,
It was not for long. however. tha' the i which had ..rrivel! the night before. At
citizen soldiers were permitted to lay down I (:3J a. de achment of 125 officers and men of
their a.nna On May 31 at 6 p.m" Major the Queen's Own from 'l'oront0 come in,
Gillmor received a.n order
o proceed I It baù Leen intended that the force should
on th8 followin#{ day wIth 400 men to I lea,'e Port Colborne at 2 a.m,. but further
Port ('olborDe, Rumor8 of Fcnia.ns order8 ftom Col. Peacocke of H. 1\1. 16th
crossing the border at Fort I :1<'oot in - tructeJ the commanding officer to
Erie had reached Toronto, and there \I as ! remain at Port ColLorne until 5 a Ill. At
a.nother night of wild excitement. The an- I that hOlu. the force left Port Col-
llouncement of a few days bdcre that the I borne, the strt'ngth bein
:-Queen's
volunteera were to retnru to their peaceful O
Il, 480; 13tl; anù York and Caiedonia.
avocations had been re.ceind with delight Rifle Compll.nies about 400. Th8 whole forc8
by ma.ny thousand8 of wi,.es, sisters and wa.1'! under command of Col. Booker. of the
8weetRe..rts. Now, war'8 alarm onco more I 13th, Th
run to Ridgeway wa
made in
awakened the city. and all \\ M bustle and quick time, and the iJriga.de [here detr.iÏneJ.
prep'lNtion. The uniforms were donned I ' .nd marched toward Ste.vens\'ille for the
a.gain. the men hurned to the drill shed and p rp08e of forming a jundion with Col. Pea-
prepared at once to leave for the fronti
r. cocke's column. 'j he ad,"anced "uard was
EN ROUTE FOR THE FRO!\T. composed of No.5 Company, Q, O. R.,
It was half past four in the morning of armed with ::5pencer repeating rifle8. The
June 1 that the battalion mustered in the remainder of the battalion. with the 13th
drill shed. 3:>6 strong, with Lt,-Col. Gillmor a leI York Ritle Company, fo'rmed the main
in comma-rid. The town ha.d been astir alI I body of the column, anli the rea.r gua.rd was
night. and the haYersacks were fined with furnished by the C...l
donia Company. In

estibl88. furni8hed ly the friends of the I this Ol'der the column moved for
ard a.bout
cltlzen-soldlers, At f:30 the word was' two mile8, when the Ft:1llans were

i\"en to marcR. Even at this early hOllr I discovered in the front. The ad.
thou.sand8 were astir. a.nd at the wha.rf, va-nced guard wa.s immedi..tely ex-
where .the 8teamer City of Toronto wa.s' l teuded from the centre, with Compa.nies
boardeG. ø. dense crowd t.ad gather- 1 and
on its 1eft a.nd right, No.3 centre
ed As the 8teamer put out into supports, Xo. 4, left. Ko. 7 U.8 a flanking
the blLY cheer after cheer went up, pa.rty on the left. supported by No, 8, and
..nswered br..vely by the yolunteers. sO'lle No. 6 flanking to the right. 1\0';;, 9 and
of whom wt.'re never to return home alhe. 10 were in re8erve. After a further ..dvance

oubtle5s the trequent . ala.rms of war had of half a mile, No.6 was sent as a support
gIven the men a. feehng of doubt as to to No, 2 on the right
whether there wO".lld be any fightinL: in this COL. O'M'EB..S STORY OF THE .'JGUT.

ateat expedition, and it i8 stated that the Col. Otter says: - .. ImOleduÜely the
Jonrney acrol8. the lake was p
ed in a Fenians, who were extended behind the
DllLnner to WhICh young men are a.ccns- feuce., their n....in body bein
well pO!:lied

788

LAKDMARKS OF TORONTO.

in a wood, opened fire, which was returned W'&Y Sta.tiOR, where they abando letl ttM
by ORr own men, who continued steaàily a.ction r.nd moved UpOli Fort Erie. Tbe
advlI.Bcin
. The firing became general, being Canadians returned tø P"l.t Colbol"Do, tired,
heaviest on our centre and right, At almost hungry and iiI-disposed t.o lII
k ef the
the first fire Enlli
n McEachren was hit in day"s procet'dings, They had had no .leep
the .tomach and, being t.a.ken to the rear, ! the preceding night nor ha4i they ea.
n
died in twenty minutes. i au
ht that ddoY.
"We continued diving them for about aa I In closilll his account of Ùle action, Lt.-
hoar, when, our skinnishera being reported Col Otter says, U Had
e I Retire' not been
out of a.mn:unition, Nos. 9 and 10 Companies e.:lDded we .honld haye beaten them in It)
\\ ere sent to 'he right, a.nd the 13th Batta- minutes more, for pa.rt of theit' f(irce wu
lion ordered to relieve us, which they did actur.Uy retreating before we oommenced to
by sendin, out three companies to skirmish. ! retire. General O'Neil, in cOfDlfta.ud of the
They had not been engaged for more than 'Fenians, and other ofticen of their foree,
fifteen minutes before the cry of Co cavalry" I owned to some of our w01Hided \\ è.OIIl they
wa.s raised at seeing two or three Fenian I captured (owing to OKr not l1aTiag ambulan.
horsemen advancing towl;\.rds us. Col. Booker CðS 01" vehicles of auy detJcriptioa).
at we
ordered the reserve (Queen's Own) to prepa.re · b"baved splendidly,' aDd "ere ..taken by
for cavalry aDd tbe companies formlD
i
,
hem for regnla.rs, owing to 0tIt' .teadines.s,
yiz: Nos. 1, 2, 3, is ,.nd 8 formed square. a.nd that had we fo\lght for five lftåUlte.
The mistake was immedia.tely seen, and the longer they mu.st han sl1c<:nmbed, as t.JaeÌl'
order given to re-form column and the two men were fast becoming demoraJized.."
1eading companies to extend. On re.forming, The following is a liat of tàe Qu..... Own
the reserve, bemg too close to the sklrmillh killed and wounded :-
line, W&8 ordered to rdire. The left wing of JrILLKD.
tae 13th, who were in our rear, seeing our Private J. Smith, No.2 COrftE-DY.
IReD retire and thinking we were retreating, Lauce-Corpo 801 M Defries, No.3 Co...
broke and rf'tired in a pa.nic, on seeing which pany.
our men also broke and ran. Just previous to Ensign H. .McEaehren, No. 5 Company.
this the Retire was sounded
o N'os. 1 and 2 I Priyate Alder80B, No 7 Company.
of the Qneen's Own, who, not seeing th. I Priva
TempelJt, No.9 CompallY,
necessity of the order, disobeyed until it I ' Priva" McKenzie, No, 9 Comp8ony,
wal again BOunded, when tbey relucts,ntI,. I Private Mewwrn, No. 9 Col"llpany.
moyed to tbe rea.r, the rf.mainder of ille W(){IIWED.
akirmish line doing the øa.me,though noi UD- I N 1 { Bnaign W. Fahey, knee.
derstanding tb!! reason of tbeir recall. On, o. Pl'ivate Oue&ter, leg.
seeing the reserve ill disorder they, too, be- I I { seCi" H. .Matb
on, tlrigh (died
came d
organized and tied. The fire of the, 11 June.)
now punning Fenia.ns became hotter than " No.2 Capt. W. Lahey, month (died 11
eYer and th
volunteer>> being crowded up in June.
a narrow road, presented a tìue ma.rk for Printe W. Thompson, neck
their rifles, causin2 our poor fello"..s to faU I { c..ø. J. B. BOU8tead, coJÜ3sed.
on aU sides.. I No.3 LieGt. J. fl. Beaver, thigh.
II It waa in vain that the officers endeay. , PriNte Winter, t.bigh.
OI'ed to rally the men. Several times Iquads. I No.4-Prinæ C. Lugadin, Iani' and a.rm.
aDd eyen a
ompacy, were collected, Ì>
t I 5 ( Pr
T&
C. Bet" knee.
never In Bufficlent force to cher.k the pursuit, I No. ,
I'lvat.e Copp, '" rlSt.
though a constant fire W&l k
pt up until the { Lieat. W. C. c..mpbe 1, shoulder.
Fenians cealted following. For the fi: s\ two .No.6. CorP.!'. Robinl, knee amputated,
or three hundred yards it was a regular Private Rl1theriord, foot.
panic, but after tha.i the men feU into a No. 7.-Sergt. W. FOIIt<<, aide.
walk, retirin
in a Tery Clrderl,. manner, but { .Private G. 1'. Pa\ll, knee.
completely crestfa.llen." Private R E. Kingsford, leI,
This iIJ the plain, unvarnished tale of No.9. Private Pilotteraoa., .:'18,
the b 1 ttle of Ridgeway, ... told by. Private Vander- Smieaen, groin.
faiùaful historian. Lieui. - Colonel Ot.ter N 10 ( Col-sre

. F. McHardy, arm.
e< nothing extenuated nor let: down anght iB 0.. Private White, ann (amputated).
malice. " In aU the vears that have since In addition to the above several were IIUIl-
gone bv there have béen mll.ny disputations atruck.
as 1;0 whom the blal1!e of the lamen table fiuco .AJ5 may be ima.
ined, the tired sold iers
\\ as due, but, 80S will be seen, Col. Otter per- spent the early pa.rt of tbe ni
ll-t in deepest
mitted himself to make no comment. slumber, while the wounded were attended
The Fenian inv&del's pursued to Ridge- to by physici&.lls bø.atily summoned The

LAl'otDMARKS OF TORONTO.

7.

dead were brou{{ht to Toronto, and two I The York IIond Caledonia COlRpaONe were
days afterwards thousa.nda followed the also ordered to Stra.tford, and wen attached
funera.l procession to tho last resting place: t,.O tðe Queen's Own a.s Compaaiq 11 and
of the brave volunteera. I Ii. The Q. O. R. remaineQ Î1I. StrM.fOl'à
On the morning of June 5, tile day fol. antil June 18 J3
ldes t1!e TOl'Oflto ba.ttal-
10\\ In#{ the e
agement, the batt9.lion wu : iOB there were a.lso stationed in the tOWI1
aro1lsed ...d pa.ra.ded &t 1 a. m in conse- Capt. Gore's nattery of R.oyal ArtiUery aa4
Que
of ail alarm which subsequently two compa.nies of the 16th .Foot, the
3.rri8on
proved to be ill-founded At 3 a III the bein
under the command of Col. \\ ol:reley
soldiers were oace more aroused, and were for one week aDd afterwards under Major
marched to a. t.'"&Í.n, on ,,-latch wen the Bancroft, of the 16th. Drill took place twiCQ
']th Fusiliers, of Lo:ldon, a,Qd the 22nd Ox- ' I a day. The Qlleen'. 01'ln every night formed
ford Rifles, who had arrind the previous a piquet of ORe company to guard the
day, At 6 o'clock in the morning the train I Luns of the ba.t.tery, which were at the
left for Stirk'. crossing. about .ix milea from i railway sta.tion in order that. they might be
Port Colborne, where the force de<;rained I loaded more speedily in the event of a sud.-
and fOJ;m
d a column of route composed of den alarm.
t.he 7th FUBiliers, who furnished the skir- On June 17 orders came from Toronto re-
misherl, the 22nd OxÍord, the St. Catha- I ca.IEng the Queen's Own. and on the follow.
rines Home Guard, and the Queen'a Own. I ing day the battalion left for home. much. to
'1 he rear guard was furnished by tbe rift.e. the re
ret of the citizens of Stratford.
men Capt. Akert!, of the Royal Engineers, I On leavi
the town the Mayor,
was in command of the 1\-hole. Down the on beha.lf o
tè. citizens and corporation.
Garrison road, past the battle ground of the presented an addresa t.o the commandmg
day before, the coluBln pa8
ed, and, 0.1- 1 officer of the rpCiment expressing their re-
though the sklrmisher
were exceedingly' gret at tbe battalion's remova,l, and tostiîy-
Tigilant, no Fenian!! were Been. Country; ing to the uniform good conduct of the me..
people who had come considerable distances ' I during theit Btay in
tratford.
to view the scene of the late conflict, I An immense concourse of people wel-
stated to Captain Akers that the, corned the regiment back to Toronto,
Fcnians had recroMed the NiagR.ra. and althoueh a heavy rain wal!! fallin

after
akirmish with the \"elland the Qlleen's Own were met at the
Field Ba.ttery and the Dunnville Naval: drill
hed by Major-General ::Napier, C. B..
Bri
ade. The march wa.s continued to Fort comm:mding the distrid. who publicly
Erie, where tbe column arriwd at 2:30 p. m.. ! thanked the officers and men for their ser-
immediately gOiH
into camp with the York : vices. They were then diamiued from duty.
Ca,.-alry, the 10th Royals, of Toronto, tbe ! The strengtR of the oorps upon returning
19th Uncoln.a provisional battalion of volun- I to Toronto was 725. includin
the York aad
teers. two batteries of Roya.l Artillery, and Caledonia companies.
H. M. 16th, 47th and 60th ree-iments of I WILLING RJ:CRtrI'n.
Foot, the camp beinp: in commånd of Col. The following gentlemen joined the corps
Lowry, of the 47th. I &tI volunteers upon hearIDQ' øf the a.ction at
The Queea's Own remained at Fort Erie, Rid
ewa1 :-J. E. RobertsOll, Adam Lilli.,
doing picket duty, .ntill:30 a, m. of the' Edward Hutt, (New York), Gw, M. Rae,
5th inst. wheD order. WE're received I Rusk Harris, Alex, Beecher. W. p, Cd-sse)!!,
to atrke tents, parade without I E. P. Crawford, G. F. Du
an, F, W.
bu
le sound. an.! embark on a train i Holm.ted, J as. Louden,-Farewell, W m.
which was in readineas. This W&ll done at : Mulock,-Raàenhul'lt, M. C, Moderwell, C.
3:30 a"m june 5, and the batt.Ii"n was I W. Bell, P. M. Barker, and a Dumber of
Ba.fe
y entra.ined without idlY noise or: others whose names have not been. handed
clamor. On the train. was found Col. (now I down.
Lord) Wolsel.y, Actin,; Qua't8r-
laster I On the evening of the 19th June, the
Generalof her Majesty'. forcea in Canada. I QueeR'. Own gave.. supper at the Quefll'.
The destina.tion of the bs.ttalion was un- I Hotel in honor of th8 officers of the York
kaown to aU. and Caledonis. companies, who left on tlM
SEM TO STRA'I'J'ORD. 21st for home, the Queen's Own bad
The officerl!! supposed it to be Toronto 01' .. pla.ying them off."
Lower C&Ilada, until at Hamil on orders I The citizen soldiers had now returned t.
were received ordering the corps to Strat- : their ordinary Avoca.tions, but they ha.d by
ford The train arrived at that place at 5 no mea.ns lost their predilection for tho
o'clock in the afternoon, and the. officers and trade of war. On the evening of June 2?t I
men were speedily billeted upon the towns. the week1y paradðs were resumed with a
1)80ple. very lðorge muster of all rank.. 011 July II

190

LANI5)TA RKS OF TORONTO.

V1
t"e was o>bserved a public holiday in honor I alarm was heard, a.nd on March 15 the
.1 the Toronto volunteers. A dinner was I battalion was ordered to parade three even-

i-veR the whole force at the CrystAl Palace, I ings in consequence of another Fenian raid
and an address presented by the .Ma.yor on / being an!.icipa.ted, On .Ma.rcil 2ì the J:um-
behalf of the citIzens. On the I ber of duti-es
a.s reduced to two a week,
evening ot July 25 the corps I the officers to receive pay without allow-
marched out, pusing by tu r{'.idellces of : an<:es, and the mfl!n 50 centø
lome of the wounded, A
the residences of I per drill. 0.0 April 16th, 186'7.
En&ign }
4hey, Privates White, Lug!dilt, I the .'eJl-kno\tl1lihoulder strap bearmg thtt
Ouester and Bell three bearty c::eers were I ieUen Q. O. R. wÏ\.h the corps' regimental
given, number was worn for tbe first time.
IN CAMP AT THOROLD. I A. REPUBLICAN COMPANY.
In Augus" a. c3.mp of instruction was A 10 19 period of quiet &nd. a"eady growth
iormed at Thorold, and OB t ,e 22nd the noweuued. On Dominion day, ]867. tbe
QuefiD'. Own received orden to join i
. first
ade in 'Toronto in honor of tÀe
leaving Toronto on the morning of the 2.."tth, count.ry's national day was held. The corpø
Ti'tis Wa.!! done, tbe City of Toronto carrying participating wer,,: the 13th Hussars. the
the battalion to Port Dalhousie, whence the : Royal Artillery. the 17th Foot, the 4th
corp!.' ma.rched to camp. immediately going I Battalion Grand Trunk Brigade, the IO\h
under C&'IV&8, The force in camp consisted Royals, V ohmteer Field Battery anq Queen's
rd a semi-b ttery of Royal Artillery. four Own. CoL McKiDistryof tho 17th Foot was
companies of tile 16th Regiment" in comma.nd, and the force waa re\'iewell by
the 13th Battalion of Hamilton. Major-Geueral Stisted C. B. On Sept. 2
aud the 22nd Oxford Rifles. the first annual games of the regiment were
Col \Y olBeley was in commli.nd. The Queen's given 011 the cricke

rounds, at the corner
Own remained i. ca.mp eight daya, drilling of McCaal and College øtreets. The event
three times a day. 011 September ht the was mOBt successful.
:'att..lic}ß return
d to Toronto, For the I On Oct. 9th. 1867, another ehan
e was
'nmp tbe R\en wete paid $1 per day and free made in the arming of the men. The Spen-

tioL., the officera full pay. I cer was returned to .tores, and 650 lon

On .Nt1,'ember 14Lh, the weekly drills were I Snider Enfield. were issued for the ule of
cootinued. with a muster of only 181 officera the Queen'a Own, This was "he firs' breech-
and men. This Jmmber grew smaller u'ltil I loading weapon issued to the ba.tta.lion.
D
cember 19th, when drill ceased. In a In No,"ember Lt.-Co!. GillmOl' resigned
5öte Lieut. -Col. Otter Btates that the reMon his commission, owing to his having lost hia
of the 2maUattendance at drill wa.a in Kteat I business position *hroul{h volunteering.
1l1p.asure the lending of tlie battalion to camp Ma.jor F. E. Vixon assumed command. but
at Thorold. Immediately upon returnin.g I soon a.fterwards relinquished the colonelcy.
from camp, numbers of men I Lt. -Col. Gillmor \hea resumed com-

..ve the necessary six months: maD<l pending the a.ccepkanee of

o: ice previous to lea.vin
tbe force. as their I I hÎII resÏlnation. I. December the
b6siness or employer. \\ ould no longer per- ComJBauder-in-Chief declined to aceept
_it their rcmainiQg voluuteerB when they the resi
ations of Lt. -Co!. Giilmor
might be compelled to sacrifice 50 mucb I and Major Dixon, aDd a few days later the

ime to drill. I commanding officer was appointed clerk to
During December Mr. Charaupka., of the Legialat.ive Assembly of the new
.cobourg, was appointed bandma:itei' in Pro.i>>ce of Ontario.
place of Mr. Murdoch, who went into the In the followin
year, 1868, all mond
"rvice of the Grand Trunk Brigade. slUoothly, with t.b : exception of an unfortun-
In February of 186ï Corp. John CODnor, ate conflict between the commanding oflicec
ef No.1 Compa.ny, died ot disease contracted and staff and the men of No.5 company.

in Iel'Tice. and WM buried by bia company. I cOU'lpany desired. contrary to aU usa.ge, 10
On Feb. 21 "he old .ßnfield rit1e11 and elect. a capw.in from outside the regiment.
1Þayonet.s were returned to stores L
.-Co1. Gillmor wonld not hear of such a
pt"evious to the issue of the: proceeding and No.6 compa.ny resigned in a
8peueer repeatiug riftes. I body. Three weeka afterwardø the relMl.
PriYate A. Reed a.Dd Corp, Ju. Robiaø lio.s militia-men withdrew their roøignatiODI

af"r buccambed io di.sea.se COD
racted I and all moyeel smoothly &.II befon.
Ml IleCViee. aud were a.ccorded mï>>5aI'Y' Another alarm W&.ll &iven i. May.
buri..k. I when the regiment; wu OIice 1Il0l'e
00 Ma.rch e 'he Spencer riðe...... iaaed I ordered to prepare for .erTice at a mom 1 n$"

Ute companies and She m II were ill' warning, Nothing came of thia report, ex-
."rllct.d iA their uae. o..ce more Wal"S cept an order to drill twice a week. tor
ree

LA
D
l.t\ RKS OF TORONTO.

'W:

weeks, tbe officers to be pa.id one dolla.r and alternately with the 10th Royals. TIiå
the men 6ft}' cents per dril T . duty continued irom Oct. 9th until tbe tm.41
In the autumn of 186S die new Militia of the year. when the guard was withdrawn.
Act of Ca.nada.
ame into force. aDd .n of On tàe night of Noy. 16th Sentry Jas. Lai-
the volunteer corps of the D
minion were ferty, of No. 3 Company, wa.s tired at by
reorganized. Ou'Oct. 14 the Queen's Own some unknown mlscreant, and na.rrowly
mU.lltered at the drilll!lhed, and Lieut. -Col escaped death. The Il\lle
passed througl
Gillmor explained to tbe offic
r' and men the Sentry box in which Laflerty W&S stand-
the proYisioD8 of the new Act. The com- ing, b'.1t fortunately miMed him, A fe
panies were then dismissed to their several, days subsequently a dl unken man a.n' OUDOC
acmorieB to re-enrol, and forthwith 150 rank i ed that he I ad tin:d the IiIho
P.e was takeL
and file aig:1ed the new company roll!'!, By I into custody,but was aÍ,erwarda disch
rged.
December 29, this nnmber had been increa.s- I as nothing could be found against him. N
ed to 30 officers and '288 non-commissioned' clue to the would-be assassin was eVwr olt-
officers and men. The members of No, 10 tained.
(Hi
hland) Company, were dissa.tsified at The regiment had, in 18ïO, the
the action of the .:\lilitia. Depl\rtmeot in de- following year a v
rv narrow esC&pI
elining to allow them any payment in lieu of from e:reat loss of hfe. On the nigh'
their expensiv
uniform!!!, which had become of the 17th .\1 arch, Iohe roof of the drUl
use'ess nnder the new orga.niza.tion. and as a shed, in whbh the batallion had heen drill-
consequence the c(mpany refuseò to re,enrol. ing the ni. ht before, fell in owing to the
The company rolls were returned to the grea' weight of snow. It was not uuci!
departmeD1i April 6 that the shed W&8 cleared. I'M
Early in 1869 Ensign Otter, of No. 4 waHg were cut down to a It:vel with tbe to

Company, and
brother of Lt. Co!. Otter, I 0 the armoI"Ïes, and drill was resumed.
died, and wa!> buried bv the re
iment. On Good Friday a most unfortunate .ae-
E
ign, now
Jajor, Delamere commanded I cident occurred a.t the Garrison COlTlm

the firing party of 30 men, and the pall- I whitner a. number of members of the reg.i-
beareE's were, Ca.pt. ""hitney, Lts. Fahey' me-nt bad repaired for pract
ce at the ta.!"
IWd
llis, Ensigns Ryerson, Robinson and; gets. Private Geo.
upy,of No.
Coml?a.I!

Erskme. A number ot the IOta Royals also I was shot and IDf:tantly hUed DY

joined the funeral pr()cession. rifle in the hands of Private Gitl-
In }i'ebruary the new non-pivot drill, as " coL ne of the same company. Gascoigne \\"8011
revised by a committee composed of
lajor not a.\
are th
t the weapon was loaded
Dixon, Captains Otter f.nl 1 Cherrill'an, was, and upon snapping the trigger the cartriàge
for the fir!>t time used by the regiment, and I exploded" ith fl\.tal resnlt. Gascoigne wa....
W&8 found to work admirably. I taken into custody, but as a coroner's jurof
1he annn.\l mess dinner, which was beld at , returned a verdict of acdden al death, the
the Queen's hotel, March 18, partook of the I unfortuna.te \olunteer was discharged.
nature of a farewell to one of the most efficient I THE RED RIVER EXPEDITIO
.
officers of the battalion, :Major Dixon. The At this time the trait3r Riel fomentE'&
offic,r:s presented the Major with a h:nà- I the first North-west Rebellion, estabhsh

some clock during the evening. I a. so'called .. Provisional GOYernment" anct
At the annual in
pection for pay, held by I murdered Thomas Scott, a. resident of Fori
Lt ,Col. Durie, A.A.G M" April 7, there I Garry, now \, innipeg. The militia authol'i-
were 376 officers and men pr, sent. In the I ties decided to send a f
rce to suppress tbe
following June ..No.6 Compa.ny became (is-! insurrection, and on April 17 a despa.tck
organized and w. s disbam1ed, t.he remain- " arrh-ecl from Ottawa. askir,g for the names of
ing officers and men being transferred to five officers of the Quen}'s Own who would
other companies. I join the Red River Expedition.

pon the occl\sion of the visit of H. R, H. Capts. l'ennett a.nd Harman, Lien

Pnnce Arthur, Duke of Conn3.ught, to TO- I Bea\"er and Ensigns
haw and
ronto, the battalion furnished a gnard of Crocker immedia' ely yolunteered for
honor of lOa men under ,\
a.jor Bro,,'n at ,be I this arduous service. N othin
furth I' wu
CitY,Hall, and again at the drill shed in the heard from headquarters until April 22,
evenmg. I when the battalion was oròered to fornislr.
A
OTHER FE1\IAN SCARE. six men for the force. Nothing was said i.a
A
out thi.s tim
rnmors of meditatecl: this second communicatiou as to the disposi-
Feman IDvaSH)ß arose, and in consequence
tion o
the officers who had volunt{'er
d.
th
} oronto volunteer!! were ordered to be in 'Subsequently Capt. Harman and EnSiga
readintlss for immediate servÍce. 'lJi. Queen's Macdonald .-ere nominated as lieutf'nant
Own were instructed to furnitih one urgeant and ensign in the First Ontario Rifles, f()t'In-
and three men for luard a* the drill ahed ing part of the e-xp
ditionary force. Vlti.

792

LAKD
lARKS OF TORONTO.

mately 12 men of the Queen's Own 1 13th Battalion of Hamilton, organized the
jOJUed. the First and Second Rifles. On May I first Canadian team of volunteer riflemen io
j8..h the two officers mentioned were tnter- pa.rticipate in the Nationa.l Rifle Associa-
'Ii
ined by the offi..ers' mess at the Queen's I tion's a.nnual meeti gat \Yimbledon. Three
Rote!, prior to theil' joining the force. members of the Queen's Own were accorded
Ou
lay :!-1th of this year the volun- I , the honor of being askerl to join tbe team.
teers paraded 011 Spadi,.a avenue These were :-Ensign Jos. Lurch, No.4
eommon, v.ent through the usual I Company; Serp;t, A. A. Macdonald. No.9
movements, and fired a feu de joie.
ome Compa.ny; and ,1>te. 'V. T. Jenningli. No. .
\im. before the rc!Zulars had been withdra.wn Company.
from Toronto, and this was the fiIst anni- In October the Militia Department de-
,'ersary ot the Queen's Birthday on which cided to send a furtber force of two hun-
lhe \ olunteers had not be
n assisted by lIer dred men to tbe scene of the Red
Maje!>ty's troops in ceìebrating the a.nni. River troubles, the Queeu's Own furmshed
'èrsa.ry, flight men as its quota. In December Major
Un Dominion day there was a very lb.rge Cherriman undertook the organization of a
ro
ter of the Queen's Own. 10th Royalf'. Univerbity company. to take the place 'of
Gr&nd Trunk Brigade. and the 13th Battalion the di, banded Highland company. The
of Hamilton to witness the unveiling of the major met with success in his task. and the
Ridgeway monument in the Queen's Park. Toronto University was soon afterwards
The Governor.{;eneral of Ca: ada, Sir John gazetted_ In :March, 18;2, the new com-
Young, performed the cez"emony. and after pö.ny appeared upon parade for the first'
the exercises Lieut. - ;olol1cl GHlmor gave a.n I time. '1 he officers were: 'V. H. Ellis,
1. D.,
()fficer's dinner at the Toronto Club. captain; Messrs. Van der Smissen and
In 1871 the regimental drills began in Langton, lieutenants.
Grand's Riding School, the new drill shed r In April it was decided, at a meeting ot
not ha.ving been complE'ted, Owing to the' officers, that the different companies should
Imall size of the ridmg school the drills ill future be designated by letters instead of
were not '"ðry satisfactory. ! numbers, as had been the rul..
lu.jor
In this year there was no celebration of; Jarvis offered", resolution to this effl'ct.
Her Majesty's hirthda.y by the volunteer I Although the brass baud of tho battalion
iorce, no order having been issued. I was in a very efficient condition, it was felt
CA '\IPIXG AT XIAGARA, i that a drum and fife band should be organ-
From June 6th to 21st the battalion was ized. Accon1ingly. in May, 1872, the first
under canvas at Niagara. The strength of drum and fife band was org!l.nizeG frûm the
the regiment was 420 of all r<1.nks. })e
ides members of an Orange Young I;ritons'lod e.
tbe Queen's Own th{'re were in camp the It is not recorded that the recruiting source
followinp; corps :-Toronto. Hamilton and of tbe new musical organization gave offence
\Yelland Fielcl :Ba.tteries, se\'en troops of : to any of the mt'mLers of the corps.

avalry and the 10th, 12th, 13th, 19th,! The annual camp for 1872 was held at
35th. :.J9th and 44th battalions, in all about Niagara, and lasted from J nne 12 to 27.
5.000 officers and men. The camp was The Queen's Own had 433 officers and men
umìer command of Lieut.-Col. Durie. That lU camp. In the autumn Eari Dufferin, the
the Queen's Own were no carpet soldiers is new Go\"ernor-General, visited Toronto, and
shown by the statement of their u.:!u"l day's was furnished a guard of honor, under
work whIle in camp. Beginning witl; a , Major Bennett.
march of from five to Dine miles before Kext year, 1873, sa.w Major Otter lecond
breakfast, there \\ as drill during the in cummand of the Wimbledûn team. His
greater part of the day. The spirit and lea.ving for .England was the C3.use for a large
endurance of the men we: e admirablo. mUfiter of officerB and men at the ßtation.
Before leavil1g for Toronto the battalion who cheered him a hearty farewell. On
IDI1l'ched from Niagara to Queenston Major Otter's return, in September, he WD.S
Hei
hts, a. dzstance of seven miles. \\ ith a presented with a gold" atch and chain by
steep hill. ill two hours anù five minu:es, hili fellow officers.
..nd returned in one l.our anù fifty minutes. ! DISBANDING OF THE BAND.
without hM-ing a single straggler reported. The bra.ss band, which had been for some
Sir George Etienne Cartier. Mini.ter of time in 110 very inefficient cùndition, wa.s dis-
Militia, visited the camp and expressed banded durmg this year. and the instruments
great satisfaction dot all he saw, were calleù in. For some time the ba.ttalion
At this camp the battalion mounte i for had only the services of the drum and ,fife
the first time the l;lcngarry c"p, which was ba.nd, which "as placed under a competent
worn for many years. instructor. In January, 1874. a movell:ent
1n thie month Lieut -Co!. Skinner, d tbe was made to resuscitate the ba.nd, but in

r

!...\:\D:\L\RKS OF TOIWXTO.

79:

view of the re(1iment's debt, and the unset. : mad
a requisition for aid from the militia,
tied state ot tbe volunteer force all over I and the Governor-General's Body Guard,
Canau", it was
onsidere.l bt':8t to let the I Queen's Own and 10th Royals wece ordered
Iratter rèst. : he old instruments were ac- l out.
cordingly s( ld. At 8 o'clock on Sunday morning the
Again a member ofthe regiment was given I Queen's Own were drilled by Lt. Col.
a high positiou iu the \\ïmbledon teq,m, ! Otter in cha.raing, etc. At noon the yolun-
Lieut. -Col. Glllmor being appointed to the teers were marched down to the City Hall,
cOtnmand. The tifes and drums played the and from there up King street to Bathurst
eolonel to the station, where a number of I street, parallel to the ,. pílszrimage." which
members of the regiment had as'3embled to I moved along Queeu street. Fortunately
bid the commanding officer God speed, I there was 110 rioting, and the volunteers
It was in this year that the system of I were dismissed at five oclock in the after-
weekly evening drills was put into opera,- noon.
tion. A subscrip'ion was taken up in aid I In December Lieut, R. B. Hamilton uù-
of '" fund for the purchase of band instru- ! dertook very successfully to recruit 1\ com-
ments, and
900 was raised. The officers I pany from the Toronto Lacr sse CluL, to
unammously contributed th9 amount of take the place of F Company,which had be.
their drill pay to this fund. I come disorganized in the precedin!! year.
The inha.bitants oi Ridgeway and the sur. I The followilJg year, 1876, was notable
rounding country in Sðptember invited the I solely because of tbe holdil1!{ of the first
regiment to attend t.he ceremony of Uln-eil I church parade since 1866, Service" as at-
mg II. tablet in the
lethodiflt chUl'ch in that tended 80t
t. Georl!e's church, John street.
village, in memory of those killed in the, The winter of 1876-77 was marked hy
action of 1866, A number of officers and I strikes among the employes of the Grand
men accepted the invitation and were very Trunk Railway, On New Yea.r's Day, 1879,
hospitably entertained. Bre\Tet Lt,.Col. a portion of the Queen's Own were ordered
Otter, on beha.lf oi th" Queen's Own, made to proceed to Belleville, &bere to suppress
an appropriate speech. rioters who were threatening aud destroy-
The brass band was re-tormed in Decem- I ing the company's property. In order to
ber, 1874, under the mastership of Mr. I obtain full musters of their men many of-
Carey, who had held a similar position in, flcers were out all night w..rning the mem-
the Royal Canadian Rifles. A complete I bers of their companies, but after a ha.rd
new set ot i. struments was ordered from night's work the battalion mustered at the
Eogla.nd and the band was soon in a. most, Old Fort at'; :30 a. tn. The weather was
creditable condition of efficiency. I very cold, with deep snow, anl as the four
In May, 1875, Lt.-Col. Gillmor resigned, locomotives on the train had to be guarded
a.nd Brevet Lt. Col. Otter accepted the posiT , the men felt the hardships of their journey
tion. In this month new uniforms, the I severely.
first of Ca.nadian ma.nufacture, were issued. At 10:30 p m. the train entered Belle-
In June the battalion went into camp at ' ville, where it was met I y a howling mob
Niagara, the total stren,
th being 457 of all ! of strikers, who immediately began throwing
ranks. The new ba.nd, under Mr. Carey, I iron bolt
, ice balls and other missiles at the
accompanied the battalion to camp. The I engine drivers and volunteers, The Queen's
camp was succesefül in every respect, I Own were quickly formed outside of the
In August a large number of officers and I train, and had to stand quietly facing a. yell-
ex-officers of the battalion gathered at tbe l ing mob of strikers, who hurled vile epithets
Queen's Hotel and presented Lt. Col. and more tangible missiles at them
lajor
Gillmor with an address, beautifully de. I . Miller was knocked down, Private G.
s1gned a.nd illumina.ted by Capt. E. M. E. Cooper received an ugly cut over
Cha
"ick, Lt, Col. Gillmor had been the eye with an iron nut and many
prevlOusly
endered a dinner, with a more I others were cut. After an hour's delay lit
va
ua.ble gift, but declined to accept anY- I train was sent on to Montreal, havin!{ on

hlD
beyond a simpl.. address. boa.rd a party under Capt. Buchan, On
TB
PILGRIMAGE RIOT. leaTing the station the train was beset by
For some time there had been trouble ín I ,he mob, but the rioters were beaten off.
t
e city <?ver.. t
e ,Roma

Catholic
of the Before the train started a man was found
city makl,:g JlIlgnmages on Sundays be- I under one of the locomotives, endea.voring
tween their different churches. A section, to wrest a bolt in the machinery. Two
of the population objected to this, and it I Queen's Own sentries took the striker in
became 1I0ised about that an orga.nized at- charge, upon which his comrades attempted
tempt would be made on Sunday, October 3, a rescue. In the scuffle which followed,

break up the procession. The authorities one of the assa.i1ant& was wounded bJ' .

í94

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

ba.yoDet. The priøoDer W&8 seDt off to jail the preseDt drill shed, which had bee.n
iD r.harge of aD escort uDder Sergt. Wm. erected by the DomiDioD GovernmeDt a.t a
Ashall, the deta.chment beiDg liberally cost of $16,000, the city furnishiDg the site.
atoDed OD the way. The streDgth of tbe regimeDt wa;s .peedily
At DOOD the men were relieved for iDcreased, regular drill was resumed, aDd
diDDer. a party uDder CaptaiD Foster the DOD-commissioDed office.rs class wae
beiDg left to protect the engines, re-formed.
which were abou
being ta.ken to The Turkish war cloud wa.s at this time
tbe round house, The mob made another filling the whole of Europe with appreh n.
attack and was repul
ed at the point of the sion, and rumors of English war with Rus-
bayonet. ODe of the most aggrt'.siTe of the .ia were rife. On May 2 the officers of tne
rioters received a selious bayonet thrust in ba
talion held a meeting in the drill shed, at
the throat and would certainly have died which it was unanimously decided to offer
had not Surgeon Thorburn, of the QueeD'. tbe services of the re
iment to the British
OWD, attended to the wound, War Office. The offer \I as made through
Capt. Foster, fearing that hïs small de- the Militia Department. Fortunately, the
tachment would be rushed on by the mob, a.id of the gaJlaDt regiment was !Jot needed
many of whom were fightiDg drunk and car- by the
lother Country.
ried revolvers, sent for aasistance. Capt. Although the mnnicipality of ùelleville
R. B. Hamilton immediately set off with thankfully receiyed the protection of the
his company and relieved the battalion when the Grand Trunk rioters
pressure. Thp. riotErs shortly afterwards were thinking of sacking the city, the Belle.
dispersed and the volunteers gaiDed a few ville
l ullicipal Council declined to pay for
hours' much-needed rest. the regiment's services, alleging that the
On the following day, Ja.nuary 3, the Governn,ent should recompense the meD,
force àid picket duty about the yards and Lt.-Col. Otter entered snit agamst the cor-
station until evening, wh( D it returned to poration of Belleville. The Belleville peo-
Toronto, a. settlement havine beeD effected. pIe then paid the volunteers' expenses.
ID a.dàition to wounds received at the banàs In July the officers held a meeting, at
of the mob. many of the men had their wb ch the busby was fixed UPOI). as the fuH
han '8 aDd feet frc>st-bitten. They were mnst dress headgear of the regiment.
inadequately clothed for service in winter, SOLDIER LAW STUDENTS.'
haviDg only their great coats, Glengarry During the summer G Company had be.
caps a.nd serge uuiforms. come disorganized, bu
Capt. R H. Bowel
The Major,General com maDding the and Lt. W. E. Hodgins-now Major of the
VoluDteer Militia and the manager of the G. G. F. G., of Ottawa-so su
cessful1y
Grand Trunk Railway both wrote, express- took up the t:l.sk of recruiting among the
in
their admira.tion at the conduct of the law stndents of the city, that the company
Qneen's Own during this very trying servit:e, was soon re-established on a firm footin
.
1 he battalion met with a serious loss early The regiment paraded before a distiD.
in Febrnary of 1877.when John B Maloney, guished visito>:' in 0, tober, :877, when Col-
the sergeant major
died. Maloney had been Sir Henry \\Tilmot, of a Derbyshire, Eng-
a member of the corps since 1865, and was land, volunteer corps, visited the muster.
deservedly popular \vith all ranks, On Feb- Col. Wilmot was much delighted with the
ruary 4 his body was buried with military evident efficiency of the corps,
honors, the band, firing party and his former On Nov. 17 the annual inspection took
company appearing in uniform, place in the (lueen's Park. Lt.-Gen. Selby
Tn the same month B Company, which smythe, the comm.\nder in-chief of the
had been recruited from the Sons of England militia. complimented Lt.-Col. Otter on the
Benevolent Society, was taken into the regi- soldierly appearance and exceilent work of
ment. Capt. Strange, assisl-:ed by Sergt. the men. A dinner at the Na.tional Club
Danford, did most of the work of orgaDiza.- closed the day's proceedings.
'ion. A drill competitIOn, open to aU of the
It was at this time that the battalion was companies in the battalion, took place at the
fnrnished with the SOlder rifles.530 of which Jarvis street lacrosse grounds, 27th April,
were issued. 1878, the prize being a silver cup. Three
ID March, 1877, Lieuti, Fred. H. Wright comp&.nies ccmpeted, D, commanded by
formed a company from the students of the \lajor
liller ;}!' by Capt. R. B. Hamilton;
Toronto School of MediciDe, The new com- and H bv Capt, Nash. Capt. HamiltoD's
pany joined the regimeDt 80S I Company, command, won the trophy.
the UDiversity of Toronto taking the let
er I It was OD the Queen's birthday of tl
is
K ... their ùe8iunation, year 'hat the regiment made the first of Its
Apri14 was "'sigDalized by the opening of many IIoDnual excursions, Tbe Militia d.

LAND
1ARK8 OF TORONTO.

795

partment had arranged a great review at; to secure all tha.t would make for the com.
Montreal and invited the Queen's Own to fort of the Queen's O"'n during their visit
part cipate. The invitation WAS at once, to the eastern metropolis. It was decided
acceplied, and on the evening of .\lay 23 the! that the battalion should present each corps
battalion entrained at the foot of \Y eat I with a luitable louvenir, and on
ept. 14 a
Market street 4346trong, under .::ommand of! deputation consisting of Color-Sergeant
Lt, -Col. Otter. Montreal was reaclled at; Knifton,
fòrgt F. Arnoldi and Priva.te Geo.
9:30 on the morning of the Queen's birth., E. Cooper proceeded to Montreal, and on
day, and the battalion immediately marched! the following day, at the regimental games,
to Fletcher's Field, when it was placed on I presented to the non-commi.;;sioned officen
the left ofthe line. The other corps present! and men of the Victoria Rifles a silver cup.
,vere the :\Iontreal Cavalry, Otta\\ a, Mon- I bearing an appropriate inscription, and to
treal amI B batteries ot artillery, Montreal the ca.valry an a.rldresp !Lnd .. bronze sta' u,
Engineers. :\lontreal Garrison Artillery, I eUe.
Princc! of \Vales' Rifles, Victoria Rifles, Fifth I The athlete. of t.he regiment in the autumn
Fusiliers, Sixth FUliIiers, 65th Rifles, Gov- i of 1878 formed an association football
ernor General's Foot Guards of Ottawa, , eleven, and on Saturday, Nov. 9, visited
8Lh B IttaHon of Quebec, and a COUI- Kingston, where they played two matches
pany of American militia. from Vermont. I with the Quef'n'l! College and Victoria Rifle.
The whole force was under command of I teams. The Toronto men ,,'on both matci.ea.
Lieut. Geu. E. Selby Smythe, with Lord A SHAM FIGHT.
Dufferin, Governor-G., eral, as reyiewing! Thanksgiving da.y came late this year, no'
officer. I being set until De('. 4. A para,'c was ca.lled
E
TH(JSIASTIC Mo
'rRF.ALERS. for 9:30 in the morning, and, although the
The p oceedings began with afe:u de joie day was .,ery cold aad disagreeable, with..
after which the force marched past in I light snow covering t.he
round, there wa' a
column and quart('r column. The Queen's I fairly good muster, Major Jarvis being in
Own carried off the honors in both of these, command. At 10:30 a. 6t
rt was made, and,
movemcn ts, and was heartily cheered by I !IIarching to the \V Dod bine race track, the
the thousands of specta.tors. j\ftl r the I force wa. extended and ma.rched across
march-past a. short field day was held,during countr:r. As had been previously ar.
which a lamé!ntabl& accIdent occurred. The ranged, there wa.s an encounter with the
Que"n's Own, in attackiog the artillery, Engineer company, which fell back and was
brigade, came into coJIi::;ion with the I beaten. Luncheo'l was partaken of on the
enemy's fighting line, and during the ex- I grounds of the Scarborough Hei
hts Hotel,
citt'ment a Garrison artilleryman dIscharged anrl & ret.urn was then made to the drill
a rifle in the face of Private A. Farmer, of I shed.
R company, Queen's Own, almost totally In this year a. sy.tem of granting long
destroying the sight of one eye. øervice badges was inaugurated, the bad
es
After tLe aha.m fight the Queen's Own; being.accorded for three, six and nine years'
marched back to the Crystal Palace. In the; service. '1 he first distribution was made on
evening the ritlemen wcre hospitably enter- I October 9.
tained by their Montreal comrades of corres- At; the end of this yes.r the various com-
ponding rank, and at 1l;30 they left for I panies of the regiment decided upon having
Toronto. I their armories fitted up at a cost of $65
On this occasion the Goyernment bore the each, aud the work wa. performed during
expense of the transportation of the bat- the inactive season.
t
lion, while the Victoria Rifles kinùly pro- So much deli
htcd were the men with
vlde
aU entertainment in Muntreal. their expel'Íences in Montreal on the pre-
\\ l
h a view' 0 the el;coura.gement of ribe , l eding Queen's birthday, tha.t early in ) 879
shootmg amongst the members of the corps, plans were projected for iii. second vi.it to
t!lere was this year adopted for the firs'i tho eastern city. On April 9th the whole
t
me the system of selling the men ammuIli- regiment yolunteerf'd for the trip, the cost
tlon at a reduced CO!!t. This had the result to each maD being $1 75 for transport and
of very considerably increasing the number 75 cents ior ration!'!, 1 he Government p.\id
of
e
ular at t('ndanta at the butts, I the balance of the expense, of transporta-
8hort1y after the return of the regimen.! tion, while the officers paid for the bands
frC?m Montreal, the non-commissioned officers' men. On the evening of
! ay 23rd the regi-
ongmated a plan for in some mea8ure ac- ment embarked at the Union Sta-
k
owledging tile hospita.lity of tl:e Victoria tiou 531 a ong. On the after-
RIfles and .M?nt
eal troop of canlry, which noon of the Qu en's I irthday the
latter orgamZ&tlOn had heen, with the usual review was held on Fletcher.s Field.
Victorias, indefatigable in their efforts Lt.-Gen. Sir. E. Selby Smythe was in com.

796

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

mand, ,ond H. R. H. the Princess Louise I Jan. 16 of the following year, 1880, when a
and the Governor,General, the ,Marq'.1Ís of I deputation of the Victona Rifles presented
Lorne inspected the force, The corps present I the non, commissioned officers and men with
wcre :-I
Battery (regulars), Montreal, a silver cup as ø. token of their appreciation
Quebec, Ottawa and Shefford field batteries, of the wt'lcome extended them on the
cadets of the Royal
lilitary College, Mont- I occa.sion C)f the September review. The
real Garrison Artillery, Governor-General's
Iontrealers were suitably entertained.
Foot Guard!!, Prince of \Vnles',Queen's Own, I Efforts were made to have the regiment
Victoria, 65th and 8th Rifles, 5th and 6th visit Quebec for the Queen's Birthday out.
Fusiliers, aud the Thirteeut,h Regiment New l ing, but it was found that only a small pro-
York State
1ilitIa, of Brookiyn, N. Y. portion of the men could leave their occupa-
Naturally, the Brooklyn regiment re- tiuns for the necessary time. It was there-
ceived the greatest attention, but fore decided to hold ø. camp at
iagara, and
the Queen's Own nobly up- I on May 22 the battalion,
74 strong, em-
held thcir own and their city's reputation_ I barkeå on the steamer Chicora for the time-
After the r
view the Victoria Rilles once honored cl\mping ground. On the following
more offered their hospitality, but the I day, Sunday, divine service was conducted
Queen's Own refused to put their comrades I by Rev. W. S. RÜnsford, then one of the
to so much expense twice within the one I clers.?:Y of St James' Cathera.l, and on ,Mon.
twelve-month aud declined the invitation. day the usual salUte was fired, with a march
In this year Lt. FI'ed, F. Ma.nley was past.
8elected as one of the Canadian team for The afternoon was devoted to games and
\Vimbledon, and sailed June 18, sc,.eral tugs of war, that between the offi-
REVIEW IN TORONTO, cers and non-commissioned officers being
In the following deptember a grand re- won by the former.
'Yiew was h .ld on the Garrison Commons in The battalion's rifle shots were very suo-
honor of the ';overnor Gl3neral and Princess I cessful at this year's Ontario Rifle Associa-
Louise. The corps present were:-A Bat- tion matches, wmning third prize in the
tery, (regula.rs) Toronto and Hamilton battalion match and first place in the skir.
Field Batteries, Secoed District Engineer mishing competition, as well as many in.
Corps, Toronto Garrison Artillery, t;over- dividual prizes. At the Dominion Rifle
nor-General's ßrjdy Guard, Markham, UX- I Association matchell at Ottawa a place in
bridge, Port Hope and Peterboro' Cavalry, the Wimbledon team was won by Staff
Victona Rifles, 7th, 10th, 13th, 20th, Sergt. S. F, Walker.
21st, 38th, and 46th Battalions of Infantry, The regimenta.l games were held Oct. 30.
and the Victoria and Queen's Own Rifles. The compa.ny tug of-war was agalll won by
(;}ad to hav
the op'ortunity of returning I "A." cumpany, whil
tile officers once more
the hospitality of the Victorias, the Queen's I pulled the non,coms. over the line.
Own provided breakfa.st, and dinner for I On Nov. 3 the annual inspection took
their guests, and m the evening their of- place in the Queen's Park befort! Major-

cer.. together with the officer

ommantl-I General Luard, wh
ha
been lately.. ap-
ll1g other corps, were entertamea at the I p')inted commander-m-chlef of the mIhtIa.
National Club, The Queen's Own turned out 505 strong.
For some time there had been friction be- l' e general was much pleased with the
tween
Jr, Carey, the bandmaster, and the work of the
orps, and compared them
officers. It was finally found necessary to ' favorably with the London Inns of Court
dispense with his services and to cast about! Rifles, then the crack volunteer corps of
for a new head for the band. The com- I Eugland.
mittee ha
ing in hand this duty recommend- , REWARDS FOR STEADY DRILL
ed that John Bayley, late bandma.ster of H. I At this inspection the officdr command.
M. 46th re
imellt, be enl'aged, and their ad- ing announced in orders that a I adge
'rIce waõ a.cted upon. ,Mr. Hayley, upon his I ' would be gi\"en annually to the non-com-
induction to office, found the band in a missioned otIìcers and men who would per'
much disorganized condition, but by dint of I form ninety per cent. of the drill, The
bard work, be Boon pL1ced it in an etIìciet.lt I names of those entitled to the badge were
condition. read out in orders.
On Oct. 18, the annual games of the Lt ,Co!. Otter also named C and D Com-
re
imen
were held on the Jarvis street panie!! as flan
companies until further
lacrosse grounds and were most successful. orders, be having determined-in accord.
The tug-of-war competition between com- ance with the powers given him by the
panies wa.s introduced and was won by IItanrlinv ord rs-that these companies were
.. A" Comþany. best entitled to thf! posts of honor. As may
A special parade of tihe battalion was held be imagined, A and H Companies did not

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

797

relIsh being thus displaced, anrl A Company commandmg officer informed the men that
lost several men. The Colonel evidently in future such companies would be placed on
did not think the withdrawal of thes
ge;- the flanks as were best adaptf'd for the drill
tlemen a matter for much grief, for the or parade actually being performed.
adjutant remlorks in a foot note that the The year 1882 was one of ,he most pros-
men who resigned held been so lax in their perous the Queen's Own has ever known. h
attendance at drill that the colonel had lost I I is recorded that more men volunteered tha.n
confidence in them. many previou8 year, and the sy!tem of
In ,January, 1881, Lt Villiers Sankey or- sdectinK tho best physiqued recruits I f'gan
ganized a class for the practice of military to be adopted. By this means weedy and
sketch ng. 1\1any officers took the course. , undergrown lads were debarred from be-
which lasted two months. In the following coming members, and a standard was set
:March
J r. Sankey former! a signalling class, I up which has since been adhered to.
from WI ich eventually arose tbe first '3i!
nall Early in Januarÿ the officers held a m et-
corps connected with the regiment. ! ing, at which an important alteration was
During the winter, Lt.-Cols. Arthurs and I I m8.de in the style of forage cap worn. For
Jarvi'S, and Surgeon-
1ajor Thorburn left year.. the leather bound Glengarry, with
the r
c;iment, and on l\larch 18 these gen- the regimental crest in :silve.' on
tlemen were dined at the Na. ional Club by the side, had been the undress uniform and
the officers of the corps. Among the guests field service cap. At this meeting it was
were the officers commanding the city corps decided to adopt, in place of the Glengarry,
and the officers of the reorganized 10th, the new fieÌd service cap This cap is now
l
oyals. I worn by both officers and rank and tile of
The annual outin!.! took pla.c e at Brant- the battalion
ford. whither the battalion had been invit, The year 1882 is also notable on account
ed by the 30th DufIl'rin Rifles The camp I of the sergeants of the battalion having in
Ìasted from May 21 to 25, the total strength February of tbat year established a mess
being 373. On the Queen's Birthday the and recreation room. The apartments
usual rflview was held, and the corps was I chosen were those still occupied, situ-
presented with a bandsome silver cup by ated in the Ontario buildings, cor-
the officers of the Dufferin Rifles and the ner of Front and Church streets, Many
citizens of Branttord, an officer has graduated from the
:Fired, no doubt, by the good example of I sergeants' mess, as well managed and
Lieut. Villiers Sankey, Assistant-Surgeon I useful an in.:;titution as is possessed by any
Lesslie ma.de use of his professional know- I other Canadian military organization. The
ledge ft;,r the benefit of the battalion. In I rooms are capitally fitted up and, especially

ept. Dr. Lesslie formed an ambulance clasd, in the winter, the members of the mess
tI,e members of which were taught the use' s:pend many evenings there. There c1re to
of the stretcher. together with the means of ! be found the latest military publications,
giving" first aid " to the wounded. I two billiard tables. a card rt om and smokin

At a [.arade held Oct. 19, Lieut,-Col. I room. One of the most popuìar events of the
Otter presented tbe bad
e for the best flhot I le.1.r in military cit'clos is the annual dinner
in the battalion to Corp. R. S. Cassels, of F i of the sergeants' mess. Upon these occa-
Company. I SiOIlS there is always a very large muster of
The annual inspection took place on Nov. the friends of the members, and it is
12, but owing to inclement weather the always arranged that som
dIstinguished
regiment did not leave the armory. The I military men are present to add to the en-
signal and ambulance corps 0'1 this occasion joyment of the eveniug by their speeches.
made their first appeara.nce in public. I Lieut.-Cot Hamilton often says \.hat the
In November a class for big Kun drill was sergeants do as much for the battalion as
formed under an instructor from the To- the commissioned officers and no doubt the
runto Garrison Artillery. At first the class galla.nt commandin
officer is right.
was very succelòl!lÍul, but, owing to the want ACTOR'SOLDIERS.
of Ktores for more than one gun, the men On
tay 15, 18S2, th
non-cfJmmissioned
became wp.aried of waiting their 1 urn for in, offi.:ers and m
n gave an entertainment in the,
struction. and after two months' drill the i Grand Opera Bouse at which seyeral of
class was stopped. It il5 statE>d in the them appeared for the first time on any
ReItimental Record
hat. the ?istrict staff ,8ta
e. The play presented was "Our \Vife."
also threw every possIble ImpedIment in t
le ' and it is recorded that the performance wa.s
way of the class, i notaLly successful
A t the close of t.his year's drill the several I The Queen's Hirthday tri? this year was
companies were restored to their ori
inal to Kingston. A
rand review had been r-
pla.ces, running from A to K. The ranged to take place at the Limestone City.

798

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

I
and the Queen's Own, .480 strong, wen
down i hear
, and the fact of every man's having
per Grand Trunk RaIlway on the mght of I contributed to the funr! WÐ.8 an incentive to

.lay 23. The battalion paid all expenses, many to enter the competitions.
excepting an allowance of fifty cents per For some time Lt. Sankey. who, it will be
man granted by the GovHnment for sub- remembered, ba.d some time before organ-
listenc '. ized a signal corps, with Color-Ser.
The citizens prodded the regiment with geant Millington, had been en
aged
meals during its s:ay in the city, and at upon the design and manufacture of : wo
10:30 the review began on Barriefield COln- " hel iographs. These instruments, which were
mono The other corps participating were certainly the fir.t made in Canada if not the
the Montreal Gal"Ìson Artillery, B Battery, I first used in the Dominion, wer' tested at a
Ganan:>que Fie d Ba.ttery, the cadets of the I parade of the signal corps, held Oct. 8, and
Royal Military College, Kingston, and the i were found to work admirably.
14th P. \Y. O. Rifl
s. Lieut.-Col. Villiers,l>. I ANKUAL Il\SPECTIUN.
A. G., was the reviewing officer. The
The annual inspection of the reó{iment
Queen's Own, as usual, was easily took place No\'. 9, when l\Iajor-General
first in efficiency. The Deputy; LIl8rd inspected the Q. 0.' R. and the Royal
Adjutant General spoke in \'ery Grenadiers on the Garrison Com-
comphmcntJ.ry terms of the excellent WOII
'mons. 'The usual review exercises were per-
done I y the 8ignalIing corps It was upon I formed in crellitaLle style, after which
thil> occasion that the newly formed ambul- I .A Band C Companies were ordered to skir-
ance corp3 first did reai service, being called mish, being support{'d by D E and F Com-
in to carry Îrom the field the remains of an I panies. This exprcise performed,
lajor-
unfortunate, gunner of the Gananoque Field General Luard called out the captains vf
Battery, ",ho was accidentally killed. ! the companies and expressed hi3 pleasure at
Alter the parade the whole force marched: the manner in which the work hlld be n
through the city, and then dismissed. The done.
officers of the 14th Batt. after',' ards enter- I E rly in February, 18
3, the non-com-
tained their brothers in arms of the Queen's missioned officers and men gave a very !iUC'
Own. The return trip was made to Toronto cessful dramatic and gymuastic enter-
without misadventure. I tainment in thE' Grand Opera House.
On the evening of June 16 the officers en- i Hearing of the success of tbe
tertained at the Albany Ciub Captain and 'e,'ent. the officers of the Dufferin
Adjutant Buchan upon the occasion of his Rifles of Rrantford im'ited the participants
leaving the regiment to reside in the North-
tu repeat the entertainment in the
trat-
west, Capt. Buchan had been a member of , ford Opera House, Brantfonl. The invita-
the Queen's Own since 1866. havin! served I tion was accepted, and aftu the performance
in that year as private in the Upper Canada, had terminatHl Lt. -Col. Otter pre
entell to
College Company. He was preseat at the the Dutrerin Rifles, on behalf of the Queen'.
Be:lleville riots &nd did
ood work as acting , Own, a siher cup and an address in recogni.
adjutant. I tion of the kindne::is and attel tion
The battalion shots were fairly success- which the Queen's Own had received
ful at the Ontario and Dominion Rifle As- from the Dutfcrins on the OCcaSIon of
lociation matches of this year. The I their visit to Brantford on the
men chosen to go to \Vimbledon were Staff.- I Queen's 1 irthday, 1881. Lt.-Col. Jones,
Sergt. Ashall, Sergt. Kf'nnedy e,nd Capt,: commanding the Brantford battalion, re-
Wilkinson. At the annual regimental rifle I sponded in appropriate terms, and the
match there were 140 competitors. In this I visiting Queen's Own were subsequently en.
year the custom followed for many years of I tertained to supper at the Kerby house,
cam'assing the city for prizes was discontinu- I London wall the IIccne of the Queen's
ed. It was found that the donors of the I Birthday outing of this year. A re\'Ïew
prizes were in the habit of lIetting very high was I eld on the Carlin!! farm in the morn-
value upon them, a.nd the m:l.n who, for in- in. ,,,t which thE-re were present the Q. O. R.,
stance, won a cup ,-alued at $15, was Royal Grenadiers and the Seventh Fusilierll
usually annoyed to find that it was worth of London. Lieut.-Col. Jackson, D, A. G.,
but half that amount. Lieut.-Col. was in command. In the evening the 'To-
Otter appreciated the disadvantages oÏ the ronto officers were dined at the London
system, and at his lIug
estion it was decided club, while the bands gave & concert in
that each company contribute fifty cen:s VIctoria Park.
per man in cash, with which the regimental In June Lieut.-Cot Ott
r we.s appointed
rifle committee was requested to buy prizes. to the command oi the \Vimbledon team, be-
This system was found to work very satis- ing the first Torontonia"l to be accorded that
factorily. There were DO longer complaints honor. 1'he regimeutd.l representatives oD

LAND:\IARK8 OF TORONTO.

799

the team were Staff Sergeant Ashall and: Queen's Park. The organizations present
Sergeant Kenneùy. In the Ontario [
ifle I were; --Hamilton, Toronto and \Velland
Association ma.tchesof this year the Queen's Field Batteries, Governor-General's Foot
Own secured the second team prize in the Guards, Ottawa; Sixth Fusiliers,
Walker match, first team prizes iu the Tait- Montreal j 12th York Rangers,
Rra.ssey and Skirmishing matches, and four I 14th P. W. O. Rifles, Kin 6 ston j
iI:..ùividual aggregate prizes. At the Do- 34th, 36,h and 77th battalions and all of the
minion Rifle Association matches in Sept. other Toronto corps. Lt. Col. G. T. Deni.
the Queen's Own mar:'smen by no means, Bon was in commllond.
followed up their career of victory, and did, In th} autumn the officers formed an
in fact, very poorly. athletic a.ssociation, ani the annual games
The annual inspection took place Nov. 8 toO'{ place Oct. 11 on the Rosedale grounds.
at the Exhibition grounds. The space for The annual inspection took place Nov. 6
manæuvring was very small and the men I efore .Major-General l\liddleton.
were much cramped. Major-General Luard, The history of the Korth,west rebellio I of
seemed, however, to
e well pleased. The 1 1885 is so fresh in the minds of Canadians
enjoyment of thE; day was marred by an un- that tI. detailed account of the cau&es luding
fortunate a.ccident which occurrpù 803 the thereto will bJ unnec
sary.
return march was being made_ In King street I It v.-as on March the 2,l)th, 1885, that
a street car rau into Capt Dclamere's horse, word was rect:iv_d bj way of Chicago of an
so affrighting the animal that the officer was engagement between the mounted police
thrown. The h ,If-crazed animal plunged I and the insurgents. Fort Carlton, the
wildly, and knocked down Staff-Ser!:!:eant I scene of the eng'iogement, W&S 1:0 far from
Heakes. Both were severely injured. An any telegrn.ph offices that the iuformation
action at la.w which followed resulted in a \Vas necessarily meagre. Or,lers were re-
verdict for .Mr. Heakes. ceived from Ottawa at \\ innipeg on the
The athletes of the
lontr(!al G.\1'rison I same daV for the 90th Battalion and Winni-
Artillery in this month sent a Rugby fvot- ,
eg Field Battery to lean for Qu'Appelle.
bJ.ll team to Toronto to play the Queen's I '1 his force was ordered as speedily ÌI.5 pos.
Own team on the 'Varsity lawn The '1'0- sible to take the route for the neares
point
rontonian05 won a hotly contested matcb. I on the railway to Duc\ Lake. where Riel,
LT -COL. OTTER RETIRES. I the commanùer of the rebels, was entrenched.
In December Lt.-Col Otter, wIn had I On the rooming of FriJay,March the 27th,
been connected with the regiment since its I word was received in Toronto from ,Militia.
formation, resigned command of the Qut:elJ's l Head Quarters in Ott
wa, calling cut the
Own, and became comm1.ndant of the garri- Quet'n'sOwn Rifles and the Royal Grenadiers
son at the Kew Fort;, .. C" Company for active l!Iervice. Thi. call was stríctiy re-
Canadian l:egiment of Infantry was then, &s l sponded to, and both battalions Inustered in
now, stationed &t the fort.
lajor A. A. the Drill Shed
Miller was promoted to the position of ì Tr.e Queen's Own muster wa.s a.s follows ;-
Lieut. -Colonel. I Maff-Lieut. Col.
Iiller, Majors Allen
On Feb. 15, 1884, the sergeants of the, and Ha.milton, Adjt. Deb.mere, Surgeons
hR.ttalion held their first annual dinner in I Leslie and Nattrass.
th. mess rooms which had been established A. Company-Capt, l
rown, Lieut. Thomp-
three years before. Three evenings la.ter I aon.
the officers gave a farewell dinner to Lieut.- B. Company-Capt Pella 1" Lieut. S
ott.
Col. Otter. C. Company-Capt. Hughes. Lieut. Cheese-
Brantford was reviaited on the Queen's borough.
Hirthday, 1884. In tht! morning the D, ('0mpany-Capt.
lacdonald, Lieuts
QUf'en's Own and DuffetÏn Rifles ma.de a. Ma!:!on aLld \V all!lh,
route march throu
h the city, In the after. E. Company-Capt. Kersteman, Lieu!;.
noon a lacrosse ma.tch was played between i Mutton .
a team from the Q-een's O.\'n and the I F. Company-Capt. McGee, Lieut. Lee
Bra.ntford t,welve in which the Queen's I G. Company-Lieu '. Brock a.nd Lieut.
Own were worsted. The band of the regi- George.
ment ga.ve & concert in the rink in the ' H. Company-Capt. Sankey,Lieut;a.Green
evening, and the officers were dined at the and Cassels
Kerby house On Sunday, 25th, a church! K. Company- Capt. Acheson, Lieuta.
parade wa.s held in the skatiug
ink, Rev. I Gunther and .Pearson.
)lanly Benson officiating. I ORDERS FROM OTTAWA.
The semi-centennial celebration of the Later in the day orders were received
founding of Toronto WM held this year, and from Ottawa that each regiment should fur.
on Dominion day there was & parade in the nish a contingent of 25ù offic
rs and men.

..

800

LAKD:\IARK8 OF TORONTO.

After parade Lieut. Col Miller instructed
the company officers to hand in to the
adjutant names of the men in their com-
mands who were best fitted for active ser-
vice, At a subsequent parade the names of
the cho
en men were read out, and at eight
o'clock on Saturday evening the men who
were to see real fighting mustered at the
Drill Shed.
On
Jonday, March 30, the 500 mustered
again in the Drill ShE'd, and at 11 o'clock
Col. Denison, D. A. G., ar:.nounced that
orders had come for the servicf corps to im
mediately take the route At 11:30 o'clock
the corps was briefly addressed by CoL Ot.
ter, who was m commard, and then the
great doors of the Drill 8hed swung open
and, headed by their bands, Toronto's picked
cit.izen soldiery marched up J
vis street to
King, and the long journey to the North.
west had commenced.
THE DEPARTt'RE.
King street was a mass of people,
Citizens of all classes wildly cheered clep:!.rt-
ing volunteers. Fricnds pr<:;ssed in around
the ra.n!,s of marching men and reached for
hanJ. extended to them. \Yhen the force
was at Y onge street the Grenadier band
:-truck up "Auld Lang Syne," and the
Queen's Own followed \\ ith .. The Girl 1
Left Behind :Me, II The men swung proudly
through a hurricane of cheer'i!. An immense
crowd had gathered at the Union Sta
ion,
and the students of Toronto Univcrsity kept
the multitude ill a glow with patl'iotic sIngs.
The approach of the column was heralded
Lv the cheers of the thous ,nds on York
street. '.rile ranks had to push their
way to the special trains on the south
sidings. The crowd ruehed everywhere.
The Union !Iota.tion windows and roof were
black with spectators. And .,-ery indivi-
dual in the crowd ,,'as shoming farewell.
The bands of the Queen's 0 \\ n and Grena-
diers stood allid. and played the re':Jmentll
into the t\'\"o train. which were waiting for
them. At 1:30 the Queen's Own train pulled
out of th.. ahtion amid redoubled cheers,
and ten m:nutes latcr the Grenadierll trll.in
followed, the banda of the two re
iments
playing "God Save tb. Queon J' asth. t:ains
left tbe station
At 4 o'clock in the afternoon, the tr
in
b 'aring the Queen's Own arrived at Peter'
borough, where the platform was found
crowd.d by a. throng of enthnsiutic citizens,
A few minutes before ..rrivin
at; Peter.
borouJth the officers made up the parade
state, when it was found that the Queen's
Own had 288 men on board, 38 of the rifles
havin't secured kits and jumped aboard the
train unobserved by the officers during the
Ix.:itement of embarkation.

The journey down the C.P. R tl) Smith's
Fails partook of the nature of a tl'iumphal
progress. At se\'eral stations guards of
honor were turned out and hot refreshments
furni:;hed the troops. At Kaladar worrl
was received of the Indians, and the volun-
teers who left Toronto, fcaring that the re,
bellion was more of a scare than a cause for
hopinE;' for active servic.J, became
onvinceù
that they would see real fightin
. The
long journey was most tedioull. At Mat-
tawa additional news fr,'m the North-west
Jtave the volunteers something more to talk
of, but still the Queen's Own did not regard
as un '.'.elcome the prospect of making the
first march through the bush over an uncom-
pleted section of the Canadian Pacific Rail-
way.
RUMORS OF POOR WEAPONS.
M ueh apprehension W8S felt in Toronb
when it became noised about thllt theSni.:lf!r
rifle with which the men were arm cd was nut
a satisfactory weapon, and that men arllled
with it would b
ill.fitted to cope with an
enemy provided as the reLels were with
Remingtons, Hon. Ed. Blake brough t this
matter up in the Honse of Commons, an t
said that he would hold the .Ministers
politically and personally responsible if they
did not see that the troops were furnished
at no matter what cost with the best pro-
curable rifles. It will be nothing less than
murder, Mr. Blake said, to send troops up
there with arms inferior to those of the
enemy. Col. O'Brien, commanding officer
of the 35th Simcoe Foresters, said that he
and his men considered the Snider an
eminently satisfactory weapon,
Th. long journey to Winnipeg, with it.
many " portages" over the gaps in the C. P.
R. line, -..rag safely made. Un April 7th the
train bearing the Queen's Own 1'0 led into
\Yinnipe
station, to be welco:r:ed by thou.
8ands. Officers and men looked tired after
their long journey and marches o,-er sno,,'
co\'ered plainl, but all were in excellent spirits
and it.nxious to pnsh on to Qa' Appelle.
At four o'clock the lIame afternoon the
Queen's Own left for Qu'Appelle. At nine
o'clock the followin!" mornin
Qu'Appelle
,,'as reached. Here a large gatheriu
of
civilianl, Indian
and B Battery regular

welcomed the 1'0rontonians, who
remained in camp until April 10,
when Col. Otter lont them to Swift
Current, whence tbe long march to
Batt.\eford commenced in company with
II C II Company regula.rs, artillery, and
Governor-General'/i Foot Guards sharp-
shooters. Col. Herdl mer was in comm..nå
of the staff. By April 21 the force had
forded the Saskatchcwan and had travelled
40 miles on the other side. Ou

.

L..:\NInlARKS OF TORONTO.

801

April 27 the column arrived at Battle-
ford. The Queen's Own attended service
at the Presbyterian church, and anxioUß-
ly awaited news from Clarke's Crossing,
where there had been a pitched battle
between the force commanded by Gen.

liddleton and the rebels a few days be-
fore. At Batth'ford the force consi;
ted
of 90 ro
ice, two companies of the 35th
Bat
'lli.ou, 80; Ottawa Sharp.shl(>oter>cl,
40; Queeu's Own, 25; oue half C Com-
pany, 40; B Battery, Kingston, 120.
THJ
rUT K:"In
,,,"WHT.
On May 6 this force, after marl!
ing
many miles, attackèd the Indians under
;Poundmaker, a well-known Indian chief.
The battle Wll..<3 a complete victory for
Col. Otter's force. The Queen's Own
fought bravely, and happily Buffered uo
seriou<; losses. Eight men of the force
were killed anll 26 woundell, amongst the
latter being Col.-Scrgt, C08per, Private
Varey, Private Lloyll and Private George
Watts, of the Queen's Own. It was after-
wards found that the rebels had attempt-
ed to lead Co1. Otter.'s force into an am-
lm<;h. but luckil:. true commander's fore-
si.?;ht prevented thi
.
The force returned to Battleford, where
it encamped, afterward
going to Birch
Lak!'. On Sunday,
'::ay 10. the fo:'ce under
Gen. Middleton had stormed Batoch.e and
ca.ptured Riel.
On Thursday, July 23, with the Body
Guards and Grenadiers, the Q.O.R. re-
turned to Toronto. Their reception was
as enthu.;iastic as it was deserved.
Since then the 1.Jattalion has progress-
ed steadily. Lt.-C-ol.
Iiller g-a ve place to
Lt.-Col. Allen, amI now (1893) Lt,-Col.
R. B. Hamilton is in command.

CHAPTER CCXXXIII.
THE ROYAL GRENADIERS.

The Rt>glmrnt's nhtorY-The Formation of
the Battalion-The Prt>!òf'ntatlon of the
('olour.. In IH63.
.The . history of the 10th Royal Grena-
d1ers 11'1 one frau'.!:ht with great interest
to many Torontollial1.8. The battalion has
been in exiHtr
.ce "i 111 I , l
()i, and during'
that .t
me many well-known and success-
ful cItizens hnxe been cOilnected with it.
On the evening oi Saturday, December
21, 1861, there wae held in the Mechanics'
lrurtitute a. meeting of many classes of
men. Engmeers, architects (,;urveyors
rail way officials, contracto;<;, lIleClllinic

a.nd others we're all there. F. W. Cumber-
l
nd. to whom th<, @cheme for the forma-
tIon of n n
w militia ?wed its inception,
moved .the fIrst resolutIOu, calling fo:" the
lonnah!)n of such a battalion. A commit-
tee was fonned, which reported, at a
meet'tng held a week later, that 230 re-

cruite had si5ned the ron, anù that $1,520
had been subwribed toward8 the !'xpenSCR
of organization. It was at this meeting
that l3Carlet was decilled upon as the col-
our of the regimenta.l tunic, On the even-
ing of Monday, December 30, 1861. the
committee apP<'inteù at the general meet-
ing met and proceeded to the selection of
48 m
mberß of a committee to nominate
TII

OFFIC
:R".
Two evenings later these gentlemen
were selected: Paymaster, Jol1ll
tuart:
adjutant, J. G. )lcGrath; quartermaster,
Thomas Gundry.
Captnins-.F. W. CUlllherla1ll1, .\. Brunet
John Worthington. A. D(' Gral5..;i, Sandford
Fleming, W. G. Storm, Jas. Worthington,
John McGee, A. Manning, Geo. Carroll.
Lieutenants-W, Steward, D. Fleming,
E. Coats worth, llenry Roberts, F. F. Pass-
more. .Tohn BoxaU, Ü. B.
lI1itb, J. Albi
-
ton, W. Stewart, J. Gritz.
Em3igns-J. J. Dickey, W. A. Stollery,
GC'o. R. Hamilton, n. Dinnis, E. M. Peele,
W. R. Colwell. Robert
Iitchell, H. F.
Beseoby, Ja<;. Price, Dayid Ram<;ay.
A week later the firet meeting of officel'8
was held, when CalJt. Cumberland wa"
named for the liRutenan1:'c.olonelcy, Cap-
tains Worthingtou and HrUl1PI for the
majoritiefl, whilE' Lieut. C'oatsworth was
appointPd en ptaiu to fi1l t1lf' place vaca t-
ed by Lt.-Col. Cumberla.nd, and Ensign
Price was given the vacant captaincy.
Drs. Buchanan and O'Dea were elected
surgeon and assistant surgeon.
A drill instructor was obtained, and
drill fur the officers began on Jan. ith.
In the Canada Gazette, Marcb 14 and
28, the 10th Batt. of Volunteer Militia
mfles was officially announced.
,!\lILITIA (m
ERAL ORDERS.
Headquarters, Qupbec,
!llarch 14th, 1862.
No. l.-Thp formation of the following
corps is hereby authorized, vi?.: 10th Bat-
talion Volunteer Rifles, Canada.
Captains
Jobn Worthington, Alfr;.'d
John BruneI, Sandford Fleming, James
Worthington, Alfio DeGrassi, John :Mc-
Gl'e, Emerson C<mtsworth,
Lieutenants-Thomas GUllllr
., .William
Steward, Henry Roberts, David Fleming,
Frederick Passmore, John Albi!ò\ton, John
Boxall.
Ensigns-J ames Isaac Dickey, 'William
Stollery, Edward :Moultrie Peele, Robf'rt
!llitchell. Richard Dennis, George Hamil-
ton, Henry Bescoby.
In the Gazette of :March 28th, 1862,
appeared the following notification:
MILITIA ApPOINT \fEI"TS-:Mili tary District
No.5, Upper Cana!la. Tenth Battalion
V olunteer :Militia Riflps, Canada.
To be Lieutenant-Colollel-!lIajor Fred-
eric William Cumbf'l'land.

802

LAXIßIARKH OJ<' TORO
TO.

To be Majors -Captain John Worthing-
ton, from the first company, and Captain
Jobn BruneI, from the second cùmpan
'.

o. 1 Compan.'-To he Captain, G
'orge
Carroll. Etq., vIe' Würthington. promoted.
Xo. 2 Compau
'-To be Cùptain, Jamps
G. Magrath, Esq., vice .Grunel, promotpd.
This was followed by the followiug
General Ol'der:
); o. 2. -Promotions, appointments, etc.
JIilitary District No.5, ce.:
The seven Volunteer :Militia Rifle Coso

azetted this day at Toronto, under the
cOlllmand of the foliowing ufficers, are
hereby formed into a battalion under the

lrovi8ions of Sec. 26 of the Consolidated
'liJitia Law, and will be sÌT'led ., The
10 Batta
ion Vohmte"r Rifles: Canada,"
To be I\Ia jor-Cl1pt. Fred. Cumbl'rland,
horn the 3rt! TIa Hal iun, Toronto.
The roll of tht' )"t'gi1l1ent on :\Iarch 10th,
1862, was as fo
hw
:
Company No. I-A. flnmel, Henr
" Rob-
prts, Geo. It. Hamilton, James Thomp-

on, Joseph H. Ü;tll1pbell, James Thorn,
('harles Parkham, Phillip Kavanah, Jo-
H'ph Holman, William Douglass, Wm. H.
:--impson. Eùwal'd .1\lurn, Ge'J. Watson,
.Tohn De
ur, Alfred n\'rr
', Alpx. Fraser,
WilIi31n SJoggett, John Marsh, P. Jl.Ic-
Caudahie, W. I. Uolph, I. H. Hickman,
"'m. I\icholls, Elias Yel, P.
,Iore, Chas.
Le Francois, Rolwrt Douglas;:, Thomas
Fenne ll, James Pim, Uichm'd Ln "T('nce,
Thos. Peters, John Harvie, Chas. G. Dunn,
Benjamin Dean, Stephen :Matthews, Wm.
H. Pettigrew, John Ht'Jiderson, Thomas
Flanigan, .Joshua Dean, Phillip Warren,
Reuben Law, George Wilson, Charles
Marson, Rich. I. Cole, Heur
' ::\IcCaffrey,

icholas Holman, David Jack, Lyman
RhuIDor, Thos. Thompson, Taylor Bittler,
Wm. H. Cheshirc, Chris. Verral, Joseph
Benson, Alexander Stewart, Wm. Mc}Iul-
len, M. P. McXult.,., Tho
. Miller, Michapl
Burns, Mark Sedtlan, J 813. Vicars, Mich-
ael Lanrigan.
Company
o. 2-Wm. Turner, Wilkillßon
Dean, Charles CurQ", John Knowlton,
Fïed. 'farren, .James Grulit, George Kit-
1';10n, William Jones, John Keats, John
Skidmore, .\. BruneI, jr., Trolius BruneI,
James R. Gibson, Jo,,;eph Woods, Henry
Humphries, Ill'JJry Levett, .Tames McIn-
tosh, N. DickeJ', Wm. James Hughes, Dan-
iel Livingstone, Wm. Armt;trOl:
, W. J.
:McClery, James Cruickt;hank, Fred.
Hood, W. W. Laird, George Hassard,
Sau:lford Fieming, 'YIll. Hoe.", Jas. Yeo,
Theophilus Dubie, Jos. Heaslip, Patrick
Kelly, r.ichard Smith, H.
cDor'yall, J.
C. TaJ'Jor, Edward Cotterill, .JameR J.
Dickey, Arthur Carkpek, Jamct; Oigan. A.
Dickie, Wm. Stewart, E. Moultree Pl'ele,
.Joseph Green, E.lward M"cGann, William
Mara, H. McLaughlall, John Gillett, John
GI
'nn, Michael Curly, John Mullon,'y, Jas.

I
oss, E. Thornhill, Thomas F. Wilkins,
Josepb Waddy, Donald Forsyth, William
Mills, John Kell.', A. Taylor, John Tavlor.
Company No. '3-JobeI;h 'Taylor, A: De-
grassi, Charles Simp:,;on, Edward Brooks-
/ ' head, Jolm IIuntle:.r, .Michael Milton, Wil-
limll Cullen, Thos, Ar
'lesell, A. Wilson,
I James Murphy, Ed\\'al'd H. Coole,
I ,Tolin Keut, l
qbert l\IcKi m, lUchmond
I
anòs, James :Faid-,ank:,;, Michael Tobin,
e, S. Heaps, A. Jackson, RoLert Bell, Geo.
M. HtllJ, CI.ll'isto;Jher BL'ucJùu, John Hig-
gins, .Austin MC
3mal'3, Owea McNall
-,
Wm. M. Middleton, Slewal't Burrows,
'rhos. lIoI.ewolJd, John :Mitchell, John Al-
liston, Willi am J lines, EJsi '\\ïlson, James
I McAlli!>ter, .T:llnes McCrHw, C. E. Bull, .J.
I ' G. Gibson, Thr:Js. Snan, Thos. Scott, Geo.
I Tate, JanH's Lit,;ter, John l
anilson, An-
<hew Parling, Wm. Fenwick, Andr.'w
I Moore, Thomas G'a'lstoue. Henry Moore,
Júhn Thr,mpt;on, John Cull, John Thc.Illp"
son, Georgp P. Dl'gras3i, John Stote:,;,
Joshua Hoids\Yorth, Alfred 'f. Sho!".',
,John Shanklin, :Michael 'fol.in, jr., John
"ïIson, 'Thos. Jarnie:,:on, Johu C'OImor,
Emerson Coatz:;worth, John
l()ssilllau.
Company !\o. 4-'1'1108. Hurst, .Mitchell
Mount, John Ford, .John :L l lis, Henry Sav-
Dge, ,JanH's .Murray, JaIl1PS Crother, JaR.
Dudley, Thos. Dudley, WIll. Duùl"y, Geo.
Peal, John Ellgl:1lld, John M('d11lar, lIenQ'
Hurst, JIenr
" IIiggilJ
, Eùward Dur-
rant, ,Joseph Arch!'r, 'Thos. o 'C,onn0r ,
Da {'i,l F:eming, E. M,'Gann, Edwa rd I1ig-
p:illS, WIll. Thos. Durrant, .John Dill, Wm.
Diamond, W111. Cinwes, CLa
. Lei
ht, ',"m.
Murl'3,\', John Taylor, 1'11013. Hogarth,
John Kerr, Alex. McCo
', WIll. T. Crewl',
.Jo
epL Archer, 8r., !SõH\,C John!>ou, Thos.
Mdlullen, .fames Bell, I:obert Car-
roll, William Hodson, Robrrt Mitchell,
J 00(' ph Duggan, John 11.eed, W. C. MansOn,
S3 muel Pettigrpw, George Carroll, 'rhos.
Carroll, Thos. W. Cre ws, John Hillock,
John McGuire, S. M. Rurne
', William
Virgo, George Copping, .Tohn Gibson, Thos.
Skippon, Will. Ibrris, .Tohn N
ill, Nathan-
if'l Dickey, '''illiam Jaffrays, "'illiam
Boxall, George BoxJt ll.
Company
o. 5-Wm. Robf'rtson, Wm.
Goyen, Jame
Itoyle, Joseph !l1arl'5hall,
Hf'nry Jackman, Josiah Creys, Jamea
Henderson, John Auchifler, Geo. Hutchi-
son, I\lichap I He'lrdon, John
lacintot!h,
John lloxall, E. JacoD..Q. Thom'ls Cnrfrae,
A. Auchiu!o:-:s, John BurnR, .Tames Milli-
gan, John Worthington, '\"iIliam Steward,
Hichard Diunis, James FnrI'all, W. E. Nil-
son, David Thomas, Jacob l\"okes, Simon
Strachan, Hichnrd Finlay, Wro. 'Mulvey,
Fenton Burns, Robert Hill, Peter Gall,
John Mansall, William Whitcomb, Jam!'s
I Campbell, William Ford, Philip Kelly,
Michael Keating, JaroeB Miller, Jesse
Fensome, Edwin Fairchild, Thos. Scott,
"trm. Stpwart, jr., John W. Heeves, Dun-

LANDMARKS o.F TORONTO.

803

ca.n McWatt, Georgc GUj'sdcn, Alexander progress, and when the 'Fenian war cloud
Beemer, John Greig, John Bomibrick, appeared, the Tenth Hoyals had made
Wm. Best, Wm. Carter, John Carter, a name as one of Cauada's crack corps.
Samuel Stow, Wm. Hill, Augustus Abell, At a mef'ting of thl' officers Lwld ill
""m.Black, Jas. Bennett, \Vm. John Baxter, April. lSG2, a committee composed of
\\Y m . Graham, Walter Gray, Chas. Gould. the field officers, to,.!;ether with Capt.
Company No.6-Michael )IcCabe, {{obt. DL'Gr
H5si, Lieut. GunJry. Ensi 6 n Eescoby
Tait, John 1. Miles, Wm. Wright. Wm. anI Capt. Worthington were appointed
Craig, James I. Pike, Wm. CharIeR
nell- to draft by-lawt! for the
en-'ral govern
ing, Wm. Dayis, 'VIlla I. Givens, \Ym. \Yil- llleJl
of the battalion. It was arranged
son, Thomas Gladstllne, H. Coulter, Wm. that the n..ld officers post officers to each
Hurnfo, John Thompson, John Hay, }lat- company <i8 follow:;;:-
thew Peard, Ja.meg H
wke, \Ym. :Murphy, Xo. 1 Company-Capt. ---, Lieut.
Alex. JohnstonÐ, Thos. Barry, J. Rissop, Steward, En,
igu Dillnis.
George Husband, James Worthington, J. No.2 Company-C3pt. McGrath, Lieut.
B. Smith, Wm. A. btollery, J{. \Y. C<:IUP- RobertR, Ensign Hamilton.
land, John Worthington, jr., John Grcen- Xo. 3 Comp:m.y-Capt. Fleming, Lieut.
less, Arthur CdeWall, G. L. Parradis, Passmore, En,;i;m Pelle.
Wm. Cruse, Wm, Crowdcn, .Archibald
o. 4 Company-Capt. Jas. Worthing-
Campbell, Robert Campbell, .John Fos'ter, ton. Lient, Gundry, En.sig-n Stollery.
Thomas Hellem, Samuel Dodd, Wm. II. :Ko.;) Company-Capt. DeGrassi, Lieut.
Edwick, James Hawkes, James Rarnt;ey, Albiston. Ensi
n Beseoby.
James Hobbs, John Stevenson, Thomas Xo. 6 Compa ny-C3 pt. Coa1;t;worth,
Fairbairn, Jame8 Thompson, Henry J. Lieut. Fh'ming', Ensign
Iitehell.
Smitt, Edwarù Hali, John Treyail, Jnmes
o. 7 COIJIj'any-Capt. George Carroll,
Williams, John MCCitÜn, Wm. D. Rog-ers, Lieut. Roxall, Emi6'n Dickey.
Wm. Gourlay, John Malcolm, Andrew Capt. )IcG
e, unattached.
Sander, Thomas Elisou, Henr:.r Jackson, Another meeting of officers was lll'Id
Hichard Smith, George Hushback, James early in
lay. lSt.>2. when it was dccid<,d
Edgear, Alex. Wra)-. to procure 330 sta1'l.1 of new arms, those
C'<:Impany No.7-H. E. Gregg, .James H. which had been purchased having proved
Spring, C. W. Buchanan, jr" John Shan- unsatisfactory. At thit; time the recent-
non, Wm. Hughes, John J.
1iles, 1Iichael l;y Ï8sued militia gell oral orders provided
Smith, James Crooks, John Owlger, A. D. that the active militia 8hould put in
Peal, JOS('ph Rop;ers, S. Watson, W. J. twenty-eight days' consecutive drill. This
Stibbs, Henry Jacobs, Tho
. Downey, waS con
idered to be an obstacle in th<,
Even Nicholoon, W. IL Adams, Hf'nrY 1Ien- way of getting suitablc recruits. The of-
wood, John Smyth, J. Turner, will. Hen- ficers, in meeting- assembled, pas8ed a
derson, Robert Mishun, Geol'ge Tait, Geo, motion ßtating that in their opinion the
L. Armstrong, R. S. ilil1ey, O. G. .Mc- rcriorl of drill should be left to the diB-
Intie, John Skaith, Alex.
cott, Thomas cretion of the commander-jin-chief. It
Coleman, John Rogers,". D. Rogers, Waf! a180 suggested that six days' drill
John M. Scott, George Ca nwbe II , Petl-r \\'oul,l be more easily executed.
Jacobs, B. B. Tracy, :\1. Gardner, W. H. At this meetinl!: a.n undress cap for the
Gough, Francis rrwef'die, Samuel McCord, officers was adoI'ted.
James Waldie, llobel.t Harrison, John Jl.Ic- Som,' (
o,lbt h:n ing 81'Ï:sen 8.8 to the pro-
Laughlin, Jametl S}.Jence, John Bri!<to, habilit
. of the (1ovl'rnment's acquie
cing
George Steels, Joseph Williams, II. in the request re/!,arding drill, the Lieut.-
Woodhouse, Wm. Crocker, Wm. S:turgeon. Co\. was authorized to procure the recog-
From the inception of thf' regiment the nition of the battalion as an artillery
']'enth Royale made steady progre
s. It I corps, should the COUl'se of events render
was recruited, in ac
ordfl,nce with the de- \ it e
pedif'nt to do so. The Government
flij?;n of its .founders, fro!ll the artisans decidpd to amend the drill regulations.
a.nd mechamCB of the CIty. A henlthy Weekly paradl-s 'were n.)w beld. a.nd
rivalry lx-tween it and the Queen's Own I the nritish l'l-gulars at the New Fort
sprung up, although, of C()Urge, the Ro
als furni
hed drill 8l'rgeants. The officers at
and th('ir dark uniformed brothers-in- the fort, the regimental minutcs 8ta.t<,.
anus
ere .a
ways on the best of terms. also le-vt their aid to the new officers,
The chIef dIffIculty encouutcred was that somc or whom had absolutely DO know-
of obtaining tl1(' necessary establishment ledge of, military affairs. .
o
o!ficerB, for Toronto being parly in the On J ul
r 6, 18G3, took place the prescn-
8lxÌ1es a place of barely fifty thousand to. tion of colourR to the 10th 1:0\ 0.18 by
inhabitants, comparatively few of her Mrs. Cumberland, wife of the lieùtenaut-

'OlIug men felt jw;tified in expcnding thp colonel commanding. It was thus describ-
a n
oul1t lle.c
8'8ary for thp. purcha-Re of the I cd by OIII' or till' lU;wspa "
'1"" of the day:
umlonn. Stlll, tLe ba ttahon made stead;)" It i
aJ. ways a pleasing duty to chron-

804

L\.ND.
L\RKS OF TORONTO.

icle the fact that any portion of the ' I An altar covered with a white cloth
community are giving .. aid and com- was placed a 8hort distance from the
fort" to the volunteer movement, but it I liue. Lieut.-Co!. Cumberland, Ensign8
is doubly gratif;ying ...vhe
.that aid and Worthington and Sl1erwood, the two last
comfort come from the fairer sectioll:; of junior 8ubalterns in tlu' corpI', advancl'd
the community, The officers and men and took up their position in front, and
of the Tenth Hoyals may "ell feel proud the co:ours were brought out from the
of maI'\:hing undel' the colours presented' tent, under charge of Sergt.-Major Helm
by the ladies of that <"icy. Great pre- and the colour scrgeants with fixed bay-
paration
h3.d been made for the illlI;ortant meta, and placed on the altar. On a
CeIl,'mony, both on the part of the officera signal from Lieut.-Col. Cum
berland, the
and men. The scarlet uniforms lately committee of the ladies, headed by Mrs.
f'upp:ied by the Government looked bright Cumberland, Co!. Hobertson and staff, and
an!l gay, and it was the first time that Hev. D. McCaul. in full acad:cmic costume,
the (ntire regiment had turned ,out in left the tent, and appro3.Ched the altar,
Iu:l dres' unÌÌorm. That they made a fine facing the brigade. On coming to the
:lppeardn::e all \\ ho saw them admit. That f!"Ont, MI's. Cumberland in a clear 'lone
each offioer and man looked every inch a of voice read the following address:
foldier nobody can d:uy. rpo Litut.-Col. Cumberland, the ojfice7"S, 1.on-
A
half-past two III the aft_e.moon the commissionf.d officers and me'1L of the 10th
regIment left headquart
rs, Klllg street Royal Regiment oj Volunteer Militia.
west, h?aded b
the plOnee
company T,he ladies of Toronto request that YOU
a,nd their band, III a neat
hI
e Ulllf?rm will do them the favour to accept 'the
lIke the regulars, and playmg III capital . d f I f
f!tyle on the new instruments pre
ented f\-cc?,Uljpan;ywg stan . 0 co our:; <;)1' the
wi th their colours. The;} marched to the regIment, !ogethcr wnh a ß.d of lIlstru-
Quepn's Park where they executed well mcnts
or Its band, as an
vldence of tht'
a lluml;er of 'battalion movements, under warm mterest th,ey
ake. III thl' w
If
H"e
command ()f Lieut.-Co!. Cumberland, and of your c
rps, and th.eIr
ng
apl
recH' tlO:1
then marchcd to the cricket ground where of the ß,
n
It by wInch It IS alllmateù-,
refl'
s'hments were served. The
itizeoo III cOnhùlllg lhe
e colours to YOUI. charge,
were assembling at thÍB time in great the donors are persuaded t
at the:.r en-
t t h t t the trmt them to tho'5e who will eVer keep
Dum en:!?n e common 0 Wi ness . them in safety and ill honour, nor l 1 0
pre

"ntatLOn: The spedators were esb- they doubt that if unùappily a nece
-
mated at fIve thousan:! persons. About . . " '
four o'clack the sounù of martial mu,.,io-! 1<lÌY Sh{)
ld al'lse .for unlurlI!lg them III
b d' th d' t d . f defen
e o. the pronnce, you will IJl'omptly
WB.'5 ear ill (' 1iJ
nce, an

a ew rally alound them at the call of ùuty.
moments the compa!-ue;;, comprlslllg the and' emulating the bi'!toric gallantry of
Queen's Own BattalIon, und{'r command 'd .
of Lieut.-Col. Durie, marched on to the Y
Ul' COllll.a es of tl.1
l"l'gular
erv.1Ce,

ou
commol.l with a firm tread, headed by w
1l be',lr them
Ith a v
loul which
their band P la y in g a livel y ( l uick-stc, p wIll eVlll::C affe
tl(
nate attachment to
, . . . ' ;}-our hOUles. patl'lotIc love of your coun-
apd took up . their posItIon on the l,;Quth tr and I...-al devotion to y';ur Queen.
tnde of the held. They had hardly got 1 lause ...
the word .. Stand at ease" when the. (pp .)
tune of "The British Grenadiers" ..." as I CO
SECRATIO" OF TilE CüLlWRS.
beard, and on came the gallant Tenth, The Rev. Dr. McCaul. presidl'nt awl
and wheeled quickly in line on the rigùt profes<.or of the Lniversity of Toronto,
of their companiün:s-in-arms. l'on
ecrated the colour
by ofiering up
Eo.'h battalion!'! were eagerly scanned pra;}'er.
by their friends and fellow--citizells. To Co:. Rotert-lOon then lmnded, first the
tbose 'who judged by colour only, the Queen'!,; and then the regimental colour:; to
scarlet tunics gave the ml'n of the Hoyals \ Mrs. Cumberland, who pre8ented them to
a decided advantage ovpr the rifle green the Ew.;i
n!O, who received them kneeling.
of the QUt'en's Own. Much regret was )'1rs. Cumberland then advanced to the
eXJ)rt's:3ed when it was announced that altar, and 9aid she ('.ou.ld not refrain from
owing to sickne-s Major-General Kapier expre8Hi
the gl'cat pleal\ure it afforded
,>\Quld be unable to be pr\'sent to review her to take part in the interesting cere-
the troops, and take part in the cere- mon
'-, in common with the ladies associat-
IDOny. He had, however, delegated Co!. eù with her, in the presentation, all of
Hohert8on, Royal Engineers, command'l1It whom naturally took the d
pe
t int('re
t
of the garrison, to take hi., I)lace. Co1. iu the welfare of the regiment. Shl' could
Hoùertson and staff took up their position l 8ßsure them that they would always be
in front of tbe brigade, now in line. Vl'ry zealous of the honour of the Hoyals,
find Col. G. T. Deni
on, having assumed 1mt they were certain that it would 1'1.'-
the command, the troops presented arms. main unsullied. (Applause.)

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""'I'j"

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

81)5

, ., r I with uusumed honour, and haud them
Tim SPE1<:cnE
I
Rh:UR
';>.i ed down without a 8tain to tbüt<-e who suc.
Lieut.-Col. CumlJ
rlau
saId he de tclul ceeded t.h
lll a6 emùlems of 'the love the
'
to teuder the ladles .hlS FO-<;
g

' bOl'C their country and thdr loyalty to
thanks, Ol

half o! . hum.d , t e, ()
ce
s; their (lueen.
110U-Co'tll
llls;>'lOned oïhceI
s aU,d lll\'
f 0 t
e At the request of the colon
l command-
Royals tor tllP most excelh ut
l { .
in!?; the committee of ladies and gt'utle-
had presented t
at d
y.

ml.

.

me
who had taken part in the Cerl'llLOa
'
that. with arms m theIr han s, an
in lÞas:;ed down the front of the briga.de,
hles
ing of G
d, they would st
d h
ed cl06l'ly insprcted the men, and retired to
defence of their happ
.h()mes.. e
I 1(1 the tent. Col. P..olJer'Ì.'5Gn and staff mount-
as
oldiers and as cltlzpn
, the
. "
er ed their horses and took up a position
always be ready to d() all Lll they tfJO b 't on the wet;t side of the fif>ld, facing tbt>
for their country,rllied ove: by one 0 Ie es I centre of the brigade.
and most beloyed of SOyereIgns. (Cheers.) TROOl'I
(
'filE "OLOURS.
Rev. Dr.
lcCaul the
stepped forward The en!'i
ns and sergeants with the <:01.
and addres"ing the ofhcers and non-co
l- lours then marched to the left of the lrue
miB.
ioned officers ()f the .. Tenth," sa HI I and the eSCOl't company, headed by tht'
that it Wal; "ith 110 ordinary pleasure he bands, marched down, when the lJeautiful
atldressed them a few words on an oeca- ceremonY of trooping the colours wa.s Ilor-
sum, dH' record of which, he had no douh.t. formed.
The colours were now di-splayed
would fill onc ()f the brightest pages..m to the bl'l'l'ze. and excited general ad-
the annals of their corps. It was gratIfy- miration, Th
y were certainly very beau-
ing and honourable to all concerned, ,to tUul. and reflect the greatest credit on
the givers and receivers, to the ladles the taste of the donors. The regimental
who had presented the colours, and to colour Íß of a heav
- blue silk, nNir the
th08,' who had receiyed them. and there- top i., a Crown. beautifully embroidered
fore he could, with perfect propriety, term with the motto. .. Ready. aye Ready
"
the act a mo:st l10bie one. It was a most The number of the regiment. ., 10th Roy-
noble act on the part of the ladies as als" i., encircled by a beautiful sewed
it tpstHied the interest they felt in th
wr
ath in appropriàte colourt', and com-
CO!TIß. and at the ;>.ame tiI?e gav
a prool pos
d of thp rot'e, thistle, shamrock and
of thph' libprality. By tIlls !,ubhc 1"('
Og- maplt' leaf. while underneath an' the
nition they show they felt th
practlc?-l words" Tenth Ro;\-al Regiment, I. Y. ('an-
utility of the fOlce of the Pronuce, and 11l ada." On the ünion .Tack is a cro"n of
ex"li
it terllh", said that if war. should bullion. with the worùs "Tenth Royal
comp. they were ready to do then' part, Regiull'nt, I. Y. Canada" of the same ma-
to s?nd forth thdr husbands, brothers
nd tnial. The staff of each colour is sur-
SOllS in defence of their country, trustmg mounted bv a lion and crown in
olid
that Goll would. in His infinite ll1erc
, I'ilvel'. and
a shield inserted in each staff
bl'ÍU5 them back to them unharmed. The I contains the legend that thp colours wpre
act was alRo honourable to them as tlJ(' I "Prps-ented to the Tenth Royals by the
dOllor8 in their address said they felt they LadieB of Toronto."
"erl' confiding the co:ours to worthy m
n, I REne" FD POY THE CO"1\L\"'D-\"'T.
"hJ. in the event of war, would stand sIde After the ceremom of trooping the col

by :oÏlle "ith the gallant regiments of the ours terminated, th"é troops wen' drawn
regular sel"\'ice sent out from t
e ':\1?th- up in line. The word Wa.5 then givell and
er CO
lltI"y ill the day of
:mr lien!.

en they quickly formed into c011lpani
. Ea.ch
the
' lo,)kl'd at the Qnpen:5 Col
ur (lmon band took up a po.!'ition at the hea,l of Its
Jack) they would remember thelr duty to reslwctive battalion and the companies
the emph'e of w
ich they for.med a part marched paRt Col. Hobert
on and staff. in
and to the happmess they enJo:r ed Ul
der slow and quick tintt:', the officers salutmg
the benign rule of Our :\I08t GracIous as tb.ev passed alol..1g. The marclJing of
&vcrl'i
n. And when they looked at tIle both bàttalions was highly creditablL'. and
regillll'llÌal colour they would remember the wheeling, taken as a whole, \wll and
tIm.t they might
ca
led ?n to defe
d sCJ.uarel;\' dOlle. Of Course some of the
thplr happy homes III thIS faIr and fertile companies did lwtter than othel'8, but,
country, the birthplace or the land of w here all tried to do their belSt, it would
adoption of them all. .And in defending be invidious to particularize. The bat-
their hOllies the.r were also protectil1g talions next marched past in solid column
their wives, their daughters, mothers, sia- and afterwards were drawn up in line.
ters, or E<onwone who would one day take The advancing ill I ine on the part of
a deppeI' po:sition than that of sister. Dr. the" Royals" could not ha\'"e been bet-
?lcCa ul cl()::jed hi" eloquent remarks by tel' execùted hy :1 rt'giment of regulars.
statill
that he felt f'atisfied the men of I On the word" halt" the;y halted at! one
the Royals would preserve the colours I man, showing' a straight even line from

S06

LANDMARKS UF TORO
TO.

ri

t to left. CoJ. R
bertson then T<?de I crOB."ed into Canada at Fort Erie, II rid
up It; front of the bng'
dl> accompamed that they were marching- upon
t. Catha-
by hIS 8t
ff and the offIcers were caUed I rin
>s, bllrninJr a
d .devastat.ïng a.s the
'
around hIm. I went. No authentic lllformaÍlon could he
Co!. Robertson addressing the com- obtained by the Royals' commander M
mauding' officers said that he had to to the whereabouts of the Queen's Own
8ta te that Maj()r-G
nera}
apier regret- J an I 13th. of Hamilton. The Tenth Royals
ted that he could llflt Le prei'lent on such I proceeded ])y train to Chippawa, where
an interesting occa;;:ion, in COn!-1l'f}uenee ! the night waf! f!pent, amI in the monl-
of illnes8. It had afflJrded him (CoI. " inc- the 16th ßedfordHhire Regt. arrived
I
obertson) much pleasure to take part "\'fith a battery of field artillery. This
in the Cl'relllonJ', and he had wibll'sscd ! made a column of a thousand men, and the
thf' pf'l'flJrmanee of the various move- I march was conÏnued up the river road.
ments l)
' the .olunteers with surprise. skirmishing- (Parties being thrown out in
Their llmrching past was excellent, their I fron
. Some t.Pn miles up thc river road
whepling well done, and their advancing I word came that there had l>een an
in line perfect. He then cOIlLJJlimented cn!agement at the hamlet of New GeT-
both officers and men on their efficiency. I man;}', BOme five m;les inland, and the
The troop8 pret!entpd arms, reformed column proceeded thence. The marching
column, amI forming ïourt! left l'eturn- I w
1'1 excpeclin'!:ly faet, and the day terri-
eò to the city, the Land pla,\ ing martial ; bl,)" hot an I sultry, so that some of the
tunes. As they passed the barracl{i'I on' regulars, 'n'igh
d down as they ,\-,pre
King t!treet the guard of the 30th (Re- ! with 1Iea ,y knapsacJu; and equipa.gc,
gular .Army) turned out aud presented! drol'rwd out. netter arrangpmentfl had
arms. The Queen's On n paid the UO;H'tlt! I been made in fl'spect of the Tenth Royals,
a 8imilar compliment as they marched their impedimpnta being
into their ht'a dquartt'l's, King street I {',\RRUm I:'J W AGC:O:-;-S.
west. In the drill room the colours were I
furled, tllP t.roops d , ismissed, and the pro- I at the re
r oi t
e col.umn. T
e vo
un-
ceedings terminated\ t{'ers. ha nn,1; onlJ theIr musket8 .llld
_ . . haversacks to carry, bore the march so
On :Ma
- 1
, 1
66, CoI. BrUl
el, then III I well that not a man dropped out, This
commanl of the Royals, rece!,ed orders is hardly to be wondpred at, as the
!rolll h
adC]uartp.r8 to .hold hl
cOlllm
n.l I Royals were composed, as has been
J
readllles.'! for ImmedIate actIve s{'rnce. statNI, of hardy wor}dn
men. Still, it
1 he call was n3bly re
ponded to. Men I would be unjust in any way to dl'tract
who had left t
e battahon. beBDught Col. from their pluck an I fortitude, qualitieB
:BruneI tu agalU enrol theIr names, and. which their successors
howed to have
acquiescence 1wing given in a large num- I bpen handed down to them when march-
bel' of cas
s, the Htre.l}
th of the hatta- I in>!: over the tracklees prairies of the
lion went up to 607. :!Sumber 1 Company r\orth-wcBt in the days of the last Riel
alon" numbered 101 officers and men. rebdlion.
:From cupb<:
rcls nnd presses in which I t:pon its arrival at the village of :New
they had lam for
'l'ars, old, Uloth-eatelli I G.'rmany, the commanders of th , e column
an 1 condemned umforms were brought to foun I that no Fenians had been 8een in
the light ?f. day, an
, in the skilful hands I the .icinity, but that farmers' men had
of the mIlitary hulor, were made pre- I brought reports of their presence at

n
able. Ridg:eway, where, in fact, thc;r had
At laet, on the {'vening of June 1. the I fought the force un(}{'r Coi. Booker. An
ftummon'
came. The battalion was to I immpùiate Btart was made for Fort Erie,
lea ve for the front on the following morn- I aß it was 8urmisÐd that the invaders
ing-. So long had this order bpen expect- wonld have been beaten, and would re-
t'd that the men were all in readine&s, I ' tire, The lÐ miles arduous march was
:In 1 on the mc,rning of June 2, the Tenth. made, an] at nightfall the lightB of Fort
}-
o
'rt1s. over 6UO strong', departed for i Erie were Been. At thiB time the rear
thl' frontier. the Queeu'B Own, with BOUle I of the> neeili
Fenian column Waf! also
regulars, hayin'
g-one o,-er the night b{'- I seen, Hnd although an attempt was made
fore. The citizen'! of Toronto turned out to COIlle up with the invaders. they
ot
en Dlaese to S3Y farewell to the gallant 8akly across the river, leavin!, howevpr,
redcoats, and cheer after cheer went up fK'vl'ral of their wounled and E;ome
aB the regiment ma.rched from the old, twenty odd of tlH'ir men to be bke>n
drill shed to thl' Queen's wha.rf Rtation, ! pri6(\ners. Capt. G('orJre B. Mc:\IurriC'h
where they took train for SUBpeDBion' headed the party which made the cap-
Bridge. The whole Niagara country W1l.6 i ture. The> Fenians made uo resistance.
in a state of excitl'meut. It wa.s rumour- i an 1 Bquads of the Ruyals and rcgular R
ed that no leß.." tha.n five thousand I wen
into Beveral houses and captur"d
FcniaDB un

r "G
ncral" O'Xiel had the advl'n
urers. In a large lmrn sevpral

LANDMA RKS OF TORONTO.

807

were found cOll(:ealed under the hay, and provilJce in 1812, and which was .tilled by
the dead body of one of them was fouod thE' approach of winter, :Igain resounùed.
stretched oue on a table. Thts prisoners were Tbe General in command of tbe United
lIent to Toronto under guard. a.nd many of States Army of the North, in pursuance of
them were sentenced to vl),rious terms of the real object of tbe war, namely
iwpriscnment, the conquest of Canada, deter.
The Tenth, along with the regulars and mined to mø.ke an attack upon,
other volull eers, ren.ained at Fort Erie and if posl!lible (Japture. the c.pital of the
tor some two weeks. upper provbce, the town of York. Th..t
... NIGHT ALARM this was the desien there is no doubt. The
Alarms were still frequent. and it following extra.ct from the instructions
is related that one night the camp issued to the commander-in-chief ot tbe
was startled by hea. ing a øf;ot. in the American forces e'ltablishes that fact conclu.
1"ear. [ostantly the whole force sprang to .ivelv. He writes thus:
arms, and when, a. few minutes later, Col. - " FEBRUARY 10th, 1813.
Lowry, in commaod of the whole force. "I have the President's orders to com-
appeared. the Royals \I ere iound dra.wn up municate to you,as p.xpeditiou81y 'l.S possible,
in the darknes-', leaning (\n their rifleø, and the outline of campaign which YOll will
ready tor conflict 'fhe colonel was im- immediately institute and pursue aga.inst
mem!ely delighted with this proof of their Upper Canada:
efficiency, and later expressed himself in "lst-4-,OOO troops will be assembled at;
very conaplimentary terms, The re
iment, Sackett's Har'bor.
bein
compop.ed of citizens of all trades, was I '2nd-3.000 will be brought together a.t;
in conta.nt demand. They relaid railway Buff..lo and its vidnity.
tracks. repaired cars II.nd engmes, built "The former of these corps will be
bridget', made drains. sank wells, and embarked and transported under convoy
Kenerally did all the engineering work of tbe fleet to Kingston, where they will
for the briga.de. The return to be landed, KingstoD. its ga.rrison and the
Toront.o was maùe June 16. alld the regi- British ships wh.terin
in the barbor of that
meut was gladly wclcomed. Although place wilJ be its first object.
it had not I eell in battle, it I "The second will be York (thl: capital of
bad rende' ed valuable service, and had in Upper Canada) the stores collected and the
every way acquitted itself with DOllor, two fr'ga.tes building there."
Shortly afterwards Col. Brunei was suc- In acc(\rdance with these orders, on April
eeeded by Li-eut. -Col. Stollery. then 25th. 1813. tbe fleet under command of
by Lient, -('01. Boxall. who in time Commodore Chauncey sai1eå for York. ha.v-
",as replaced by Lieut.-Col. Shaw. For ing on board the American General Dear-
I.\ome reason the efficiency of the battalion born, his st,df and a very considerahle force.
had t'Ctrograded, and in !880.&.fter being for It is somewhat difficult to say what the
lome vears almost moribund. the battalion exact numbt'r of trðops was. So.oe writers
..fter - vigorous assÍ!':ance trom hll."e given t as 10\'- ãs 1,600 men, while one
Colonel Cumberland, its founder. has gone so ía.r as to say it was 5,000.
was reorganized with new officers. the old Commodore Chauncey hlmself says :-" I
ones resigning. Lieut, -Col. Grasett t(;ok took on board the general and suite
commanù, with Major Dawson semor a.nd about seventeen hundred men." So
major. The title of Royal Gren- probably, if we include the !i:ailors and
..dlers wa'3 bestowed upo'. it, and marines of Chauncey's fleet, there were from
prosperity once more shone on the two thousand two hundred to two thousand
co
p
. _ The tall bearskin worn by the foftr hundred meo.
Bntish Grenadiers wa.s adopt
d a8 the head- This force reached York on April 27th.
dress, and Col. Urasett. who, with Major and preparations were at once made by
lJa.wson, had sen-ed 111 the regulars. soon General Dearborn to effect the lalldipg of
brought the regiment up to the mark" his troops. York wa.s at the time all but
absolutely defencele8s. James givf's the
following pa.inful picture of the sta.te of un

preparedn
8 : ., The guns upen the hat.
terip'8. being without trunnions, were
I'hf" FOrCf"8 Eligagf'd-Prisofters \VI.e Were mounted upon woode!l stICks. with Iron
TII"f'II-Tt>rlu. er Murrt'nder-\"ho Was hoops and therefore became of very littlE use.
Itf'.
ltOIl'ilble ?-
enerftl Slt.el\fI'e'l!I Ser
'ce8. Others of the guns belonged to the ship
. "It
the openIng of navigation on the that was building. Iond lay on the ground
rivers and lakes of
pper Canada in 1813. partly covered with snow and frozen mud."
the note (Jf \. ar which had rung throug;h the, The various vessels ha.ving taken up posL

CHAP! ER CCXXXIV,
CAPITULATION OF YORK.

808

LANDMARKS OF
ORONTO.

lion 80 that they might be nble to cover the the Glengarry Light Infli.utry: Captain
:roops as
hey landed, the}' becian tli dis Loring, 104th Regiment; Captlloin Jarvis,
embark early in the worning, }.'orsyth and Incorporated Militia, and Barrack !\1t.ster
his corps of riflllmen being tbe first to make Hartney.
tbe attempt. It had been the intention to The total killed, officers N. C. O. and
make tb.e landing close to the eite of the old I rank and file, amounted to sixty-two. The
French fort, but the wiud being very high wounded to thirty-four. .A uchinleck in his
the boats were driYell to leewa.rd and the I "War of 1812" saye: .. Sheaffe was super-
landing actually took place some half mile seded fOi" his blunder!! in the defence of
further to the west. Armstronl: says this I York," and well he deserved to be, but it is
sp It was "thickly covered with brushwood, astonishing to find him in 1851 a full general
and already occupied by British and Indian ofthirteen years'st:mding and colonel in chief
marksmen." 1 t was nothing of the kind; of the 36th Regiment since 1829. Yet H ar\'s
had it been 110 Forsyth and his men would army lilt in recordin
the g
neral's war
never have got any further; they services wholìy omits anythiu
about York,
had trouble enough to get as but sa.ys &
()od deal about; Queenstoll,
far AS they did. It W&S really 1\ one of those who were in arms in 1813
held by
lajor James Givens, formerly of now Rurvive. They have all passed awa.y
Simcoe's corps, the Queen's Rangers, a man into the great unknown. Yet lIlany of thðm
still honorably remelllbered in Toronto, and whose vames are given on the capitulation
who!!c daughter, Mrs. J:Iiìlier, .now at the .. In departing left behind them

r
&!. age of
3 years, still surVlVtC
(
893), I

ootprints on the sands of time:'
'
Ith tbe mdJ
r were about twen.
-fhe IiI- , Our thanks are due to the Hon. G. 'V.
dlan! a.nd SIxty men of the Glengarry All h k' dl 1 d t d 1 th
Fencibles . a,n, w 0 -m y p ace a o
r I
pOSa. e
So 8tuLborn was the defence made by orlgmal documents of the Cil.pltulatlOn.
Given
and his little band, that For8yth,
'he following is the full text of the capi.
who 10i!t many of hiø men, wa
about to re- tula.tion:-
treat, when he was Oppol.tullely reinforced Te1.ms of Capitvla'ion e71te-rcrl mto on the !!7th
by the arrivai of a l'e!!lment of infa.ntry Jlpril. O:le thousand ä"ht hundrcd and
under command of .Major King. thirteen. for the surrcncìc1' of the 'IOlcn of
'lhe total force tile Americaus h3o,J already York. in Upper Canada. to the army and
landed amounted ( and their own authorit y is navy of the Unitrd f:Jtatcs. under the com-
mand of lUaj01' General ])carbo'rn and
quoted) to more lhan 1,000 men, and these ComTltod01'e Chaullcey,
were encounLereà hy one hundred aud sixty That the trooP!. regular and militia. at this
mt'n of the 8th Royal Regiment, fifty of the pOllt, and t.he na\.al officers and seamen. shall
Newfoundland veterans, and two hundred be surrendered Drisonerø of war. The troops
regular and miliria, tc> ground rheir arms
a.nd twenty miiitiamen. These troop3 im :nediatcly on pa.rade. and the naval officers
James tells his readers, .. mAde a formidalJle and sea.men immediately surrender.
;Jharge upon the Arueric..n column a.nd par- That a
l pUbl,lC st
r. S, naval and milItary.
tiallv compelled it to retire." 1\ othing
bllll
e Imml'lIllMely Klven uP? to the comI;II
,nd-
b - " J } . ' I f " } 1 m" othcers of the Army and :r\a\'y ofth.J Ulllted
etter 11 ustrates t IC prlIlclp e 0 lOW Stntes.
not to do it," than (j-, neral Sheaffe's conduct 'IhM '.1-1
private property shal,l be g
aranteed
on thIs OccII.slcn. He was no coward it is to the CltlZl'ns. f)f the tow
C?f 'Y ?rk. fhat the
. b 1 ' " b I " d - vapera belongmg- to tbe CIVIl officen sha.ll be
tl ue, 11 t 1e
as & ung er
n that 1S retained by r hem. 'l'hat such sur
eons ad may
almost as Laù. He sent .MaJor-Genera.1 be procurcd to a.ttend tbe \"'O\Jnded of the

h&w with fortv men IIond 11 six pounder gun Dritt-..h H,eg:
lar II.n
Cn.n
dian Militia. shaH
to the line of Dunda.s street where he not
" cO.JSluer
d prlSOn6r., of war. .
.' That one heutenant-colonel. one m o.J OJ'.
stopped all through the actIOn and n..ver thirteen Cl\ptf\ins. nine lieutenAnts. ('leven
t1rf'd a shot. Lastlv, he, findina rQsi!'<tance enlKigns and one Quarrel' ma.ster, ontl deputy
no lonacrpI'acticablë retreated t
KirJ!1ston adjutanH:eneral of rh. milili!l., namely:-
1 ,<:) 1 _ I ' .' - '- 1 h o . -' 1. Lieut.-Colonel Chl'wett, 1, Ml'ljor \V, AUan.
eavlllg tIe m1 Itla and CI\'1 ?,ut ontie,s t. Captain John Button; 2. Captain John
to take care of themselves. In ius despatch 'Vilson; 3. Peter Robinson; 4. John Arnold;
to the commander-in.clJief Sir Georcre 5, James J<'fJnwick; 6. JAmes Musta.rd; ï. Dun-
Prc\'ost,General ::-heatfe writes :_" Lieutc
- ca.n. Ca.meron;
. David .Thomson; 9. John
C I I C \.. d ' 1 ' II f I RobUlson; 10. Samuel Rldou
; 11. Thoma!!
ant 0 one hewctt an ...
aJor A an 0 r Ie I Hamilton; 12. John Hurn. 13, \\ïllill.lll Jarvie,
)lilitia, re
Idents in the town, were ins
!'ucted Licll
enant9-1, John H. Schultz; 2. George
to treat with the American comma.nders for I Mustard; 3, Barl1et .Va.ndel.bl1r
h; 4. Hob
rt
. . " TI f lI. Stanton; 5. GP.or
e Rldour : Ii. \\ llham Jarvl
;
.erm
. les.e were as 0 OW8.- . 7. Kdward :McMahon; 8, John \\-11son; 9. Eli
--\ mong the kIlled And wounded a.t the :Sle
. Playter.
of York were the following:- KIlled Cap. I Ensigns-I, Andrf'w Thorn; 2. A
d
ew
tain Maclea.n Sth Re-l'lment. W ounded Sm
J1ey: 3. Donald MeArthur; 4, 'WIlham
Li K ' R N V J ' ' R b ' 'Smuh : 5. Andrew :Mercer: 6. James Ch,
wctt ; ..
eut, oven, . . .;
lIslgn 0 HIS, of 7, George KUI.:K; 8, Edward Thomson; 9. Chas.

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(JRDERLY ROO:'>I COpy OF TER:'>IS OF CAPITULATIO:S, 1813. (op. 808)

LAKIIMARKS OF TORONTO.

809

Dennison; 10, George Denni:<on; 11, D'Arcy I era.l fa.ctotum at St. Ja.meb' church, and by
BQ

ërma!ter-Charle!! Baynes. t.he younger memb
rs of the congregat
on
Nineteen sergeants. four corporals and two at any rate was loo
,ed up to as a velY Im-
hundred Itna fQ\u rank and file. ., rortant person. He occupied the house
Of the FIeld Train Departm nt-I. \Vlll1am until 1837,
hen 'he Rev, Henry James
DÖ
bfh
Provincial Navy-I. Captain J
mes Grasett bega
his t
DI\DtCY, which termi-
Gou\'reaux; 1 Lientenll.n
-GI"een M . idshipmen; I nd.ted only with the hfe of that g-elltleman.
1, John mdout; 2, LoUIs Be
uDr
, clerk; 1. Henry J ame. Grasett Was the Son of Dr.
Jl\mes Lon

den. on.. boatswam. fifteen naval Grasett, of the 48th Regiment, and was
otg
eH
S :\lajelt,'. Regular Troops-I. Lieut. de born in Gibraltar on June 18th, 1808, It is
KO\'f>n. 1 8ergeant m3jor and of the Hoyal worth noting a.s a somewhat .ingular coin-
Artillery one bom1;>ardier
nd three gunners- cidence, that not. only the (;rasett fa."mlly but
shaH be surrendered I\S þrlBoners I th G bI d h " 1 1 '
of war and accounted for in the a so e am es an t e it acau ays, of
exchanO"e of prisoners between tho Torollto, were descended from doctors who
United
States and Great Britain. sern
d in the British army.
Sig(f.db. Mitchell. of Maryland. Lt.-Col. 3rd y ou

Grasett,
on lea
ing... school, was
Artillen. United States. entered. In 1831 at :st. ,Tohn s College, Cam-
Samnel S. 'Conner. Major and A, D. C. to In'idge, where, for his last yea.r, he had as a
M:1jor-Grnel"al DearbOln. fellow undergrad:1ate his afterwards close
'\Ym King Major 15th U. ::), Infantry. f. J b hi' d
J. D: EIliOt't. Lieut, U. S. Navy. nen, rot er c erg!man. an tow lisman,
"-m. Chewett. Lt..Col. commanding 3rd the Reverend Henry ::-icadd'ng.
]r, Gr!l.8ett,
Regiment Yor
Militia. . as he was then, took his degr6e as R. A. in
'W"krt

an, MaJo:" 3rd Reglment York 1834, became M. A., eight years later, be-
F. do
;r

l1x, Lieut. :Marine Department. ca,m.e:S.
. in 1853, and finally Doctor of
York, April 28th. 1813. Dl Vllll tv In 1869
The fOl"('going agreement of capitulation is his first charge was in Quebec, a.fter being
apPSî:

dof by us. ordained Deacon in 1834, by Bishop Stewart,

, H. DEARßORN.
lajor.General. of Quebec. In the following year he was
ISAAC CHAUNCEY, Commodore, or.lained priest by tl1e same prelate, and in
July of that year was appoin'ed by hi.
(liocesan, assistant minister' of St. .homes,
Toronto, Archdeacon John Strachan bein

rect<>r_ [t seems stran!{e tha.t less tha.n
Tht' Hall '''''0 Built It-Itl!i t;arltm' Pnrpo'ie sixty years since Toronto and Quebec were
-II.. Oc("upanl Cor more th:tll l'orty,lïve in the same diocese, and that the bishop of
Years-"rlte t.ale D
an. the latter phl,ce had a residence, which he
The old-faiiìhioned red bnck house of two occupied occasionally, in Toronto.
storeys, situ'l.ted on the .out.hern side of Prior to le",'ing Quebec,
11". Grasett 19'&.
Adelaide. about one hundred an i fifty yards appointed domestic chaplain to his bishop.
to the west of Jarvis street, is one of l'hat was in 1835, and despite the
the oldest brick buildings in the city, in- fact of his removal to Toronto, in
deed is said to be the third such house that !luch high esteem did Bishop :-:tewart
was erect9Ò. holt1 him, an:! so greatly did he value his
Be that as it may, thiii! house, for long- counsel, that he held that office until the
years the residence of the IMe ÐE:an of To-= death of the bishop a few years later.
ronto, the Very Reverend H, J. Grasett, I In the latter end of 1839 Archdeacon
D. D., (and now occupied by his successor Strachan became the first An
lican bishop
as rector ot St. Jame.', out net as dea.n, I of Toronto, but still remained rector of St.
the Rev. Canon Dumoulin,) has played no James', not resigning that preferment unt:iiI
unimportant part in the history of this city" 1847, when Mr. Grasett was appointed in hi.
and also in that of t1'l'e Ang-lican Church place.
in Canaùa. J mmediately upon being consecrated bls-
The house was built in the early part of hop, Dr. Strachan appointed Mr. Graset'
the century, it IS believed aoout 1825, but his examining and also his domestic chaplain,
t'he rlat"e i. very uncertain, by a man and these two cffices Mr, Grasett tilled,
nll.mell
-\n11'ews. who had intended th, togetht:r with that of private .ecretary to
building for a hotel, if indeeli it Was nJt the bishop, uutil tbe decease of the lat"er in
a.ctUl\lly used for that purpose. This lattð' 1861;.
supposition is more than probable, as when III St, James' rectory Dr. Straohan
the late [Jean tint occupit'd it. eael, door in often diecu8sed with his friend and
the upper floor bore i
lIumb-r. A well.
h[
plain the knotty questions of the
known person named Fent()n also lived there. day. 'fhe subjects of the Clergy Reserve..
He waS clerk,
ext('ID, bead
and gen. Trinity Collea:e. St. James' Cathedl1lo1, 'be

CHAPTER CCXXXV.
ST. JAMES' RECTORY.

810

LAND
IARKS OF TOROXTO

1

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LAND:MA RKS OF TORONTO.

III

division of Toronto diocese and many otlJers
that at the time caused heart. burnin
s and
ill-feelinge, not only .Among Anelicans bnt
amonj!st those of other denomina.t.ions also,
were here debated by the w.\rm-tempered.
plain-spoken, thou
h kind-hearted bish.p,
with bis sagacious coun!!ellor, Mr. Grasett.
Quiet in wanner as he was, Mr. Grasett
h&d no fear of expre6sin
di86ent when he

It is not to be supposed }'fr. Grasett was
without an opinion on this vexed qllest.ion ;
indeed it is well, known he had yery decided
views OR thp. point, but he was able to hold
them and to give expression to them also
without caugin
offence to those who differed
from him.
Among otber notable visitors at the rec-
tory was Dr. Burnside, wbo reroided on

..
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ST. .JAMES RECTORY-REAR VIEW,
felt it, from tbe bishop'. views, but SQ un- Y onge street, and who also greatly yalued
bounded was the confidence the latter p"acerl Mr. Grasett's opinion. The Doctor was a
ia him that their friendship was never in- munificent benefactor to Trinity College;
terrupted for a day. he died in 1855. Each Christmas Day, so
Ma.ny stm remember the violence of the 10n
as the !ate Dean survived, there was
controyersy oyer the Clergy Re' eryc question, one p;uelt alwa.ys looked for, who always
and how strongly, Dot to say bitterly, Dr. I came and who y, as always honored, that
Strachan \\ as attacked, and how vigorously I : was the now venerable an,d venerated Dr.
be defended bimself and hi3 policy. Scadding. 1 be frienòshlp of thoMe two

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

812

members of the same Alma Mater be
11U in I people in the entire len
th of the pL'omen.
1831, a.Dd only terminated with the death of aile, or a single in.:ident. happening to at'
the elder of them tn.ct nny a tcmtion.
\) r. Urasett was apppointed the first Dean J eginning one's W'lI.lk towards the welt,
of Toronto in 1867. He procE'eded to Eng- the first pNminent buiJJing:s rea\ched would
land about eighteen months later, or possIbly be those numbered I, 2 and 3 in the englav-
a little longer. for the PUl"POSO of tat.ing his in
, '1 hese were the wharf aud atorelll.use,
degree as 11. D, I the mill anÚ the residence. of a veritable
Among well,known clergyrr:en who visited' pioneer o! commerce in the city of '1'oronto,
óIot the rectory may be ., entioneù the late the late !\Jr. William Gooderham.
Arthur Penrhyn Stanley, D.D" Dean of Mr. (
olJderham was born in ::::cole. Kor-
\\' estmin5ter ; Selwyn, the famous mission- folk, En
l.wd, 011 August 29th, 1790. In
ary bishop and mllny others. his very early days he was under the cacti of
Canon Edm4nd Baldwin for many:years a relative eng"g('d in the ElI.st Indiltn trade
worked side by side with tbe Dean (\t St, in London, En!;;land.
.lames', and exercised an influence among That ùid not continue very long though
the congregation second only to that ot the for when yet a very young man, )J r. Good-
Dean hImself. erham enlist ed IU the Royal Y {)rk Rangers,
'1 he Deßn married in 1837, Miss Stewart, I an Impel"Ïal corps lon
since diabnnåcd, a.d
daugbter of the Honorable John Stewart, a went witil them to the West Indies. ItwlW
member of the Lessislative CouIlcil of Lower not lon
bl'for
he learned somethin
of the
Canada.. They had a large famIly of sons
rim rf>nlities of.. soldier's life, as his regi-
and daughters. Among the former II.re To- meut wa.s hotly engl\.ged at )lartlllÜlue and
ronto's pre.sent chief {)f police and Dr, also at G ul.daloupe. HowevE'r, he came
Grasett, a medical p actitioner in the city, ill.fely through the campai;;n, but on hi:s
The Dean died in 1882, respected by aU, voyage home to England uarrowly esca.peå
tiven by thoRe who differed rno.t strongly deatl1 hy c:irowning, if Dot by fire.
from him. He ....a:s Dever a bci1lia.nt man, His Majesty's ship
'ajestic, on which
but he was what is better-he w&s a he Imd emharkeù, t001o: fire, and only
thorough man in a.ll his dealings I\nd in all I with the
reateat tl fficulty were those
he undertook. He {)ccupied /I, difficult posi- ('n Leard lIaved. For some little time
tion unùer trying circumltl.nees and at a I aiter hi:s return to the old country
very critieal period, and exercised great Mr. Gooderham remained in H.
I. :service,
influence aUlon
a laI.ge sectiou of tbe city's employed on the recluiting :staff, where he
resident::!, and exercised it wisely.
rhough a.ma..iseù a considerable lIum of money.
no time-server, yet he reco
nized, very Eveutually quitting the army be, in 1832,
wisely, that amo- g many men tbe('e are came to Toronto, accompanied by no less
lIIany minds, and where principle T,-as not than tifty-four other rcla
ive..
iuvolved h!! was always ready to waive his But
I r. (
ooderbam was :somethin
more
particular prejurlice iu îavor of unanimIty. than a mere colr,uist, lIe was a very consid-
He was a pioneer in the history of the erable capitl\Ìist, as in addition to his rela-
Anglican ('burch in Canada, anti few men tives he ha.ll with him i.:3,UOO sterling,
ha.ve held a pnblie pObition such as hi!:! wa5i equin\lent to 515,000, ()(' very neilorly 80,&md
so bla.melessly. In tbe chancel of the church, for those days a very lar
e sum. It was,in-
where for so many years he bad ministered, deed, when 1\11', Gooderham duposited it in
his remains were interred, and thore not the Bank of Upper Canada. tlte large:st sum
Ion!! afterwarùs his widow wu laid beside that)i r. T, G. Ridout, the cashier of that
hi
. '.;
Iii:' th
vast cathedr
l Ïea\'e üim." institution, had ever receIved ove-r his coun-
ter to the credi t of a. ;3ri \-ate a4:count.
Almost as soon as hli arrived in Toronto

lr. (;oo,lerham entered into partner.bip
\' it,h his reIati\'C, Mr. J ame3 WOPt:!!. and
they tru.ded as millus under tbe style of
\V urtlS &; Gooderham.
Hanging up in the counting house of the
present firm, Ïramed aDli I{lazed, is an in-
voice headed "Wind Mills, York. U.C."
and dated January 30th, 183., made tlut to
.. Mr. )lurrow, nea.r Colonel \\' dls' office,.
for one barrel of flour, the amoun' charged
being i.:l 2s 611 currency or $4 ÕO. This in-
VQicu is the only on. that is known to exist,
)11'. u. Gooderham, the present bead of th",

CHAPTER CCXXXVI.
FRONT STREET OF OLD.

Tile {
ooderll... Wbarf and "Ill-The Fair
Grouull - ether Notable BuddiaZ8 - Tile
Old Fori.
Less than half a century since. so recentlv
as IS.}l or '52, any (.Ille might have strolled
from the el.st to the west of the city u.long
FrO}lt IItreet, from Gooderham'lI mills to th.:
Old Fort, at almost any hour of tbe day,
without meeting more than a score or 80 of

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View- of Front Street, from the Old Windmill

(See pages 873 and 814,)

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to the Old Fort, In 1849-52.

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LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

813

firm. having GbtainC(i it M a curiosity a few I tablet- is erected on the western wall of the
jean; a
o, interior of the church t" his memory. He
Mr. J .1-IDeS N ",rts, like Mr. \Y illiam died In 1849.
Gooderha.m, wall allo a Norblk man, ha.Ying St. Paul's, on Power street, recalls to
been born in ï: armouLù, tr.at seaport famous memory Bishop Power, and his self-dev<?t-
for its parish church, (the largfst in En
- edness in trying to stem the tide of sorrow
land) itl "bloaters"Its beach,and its"rows." and suffering he saw arol1l1d him. He fell a
He died in 1834, in the prime of lite,al.d t.he 'V'Ïctim to the immigrant fever of 184i, con-
firm lJecame \\ illiam Gooderham. tracted while ministermg to the dyiug and
fhe windmill wa.s built by this Mr, burying th
dero.d.
\V ort!!. and fOI' a namber of years \IV.,.>> llìolely (JlIing îurther west, Mr. Henry Lathom's
worked by wind power, but about 1846, house (6) is pa.ssed, t\Dd next to it that one
the sails were taken off, steam being intro- I , for some lime occupied by Captain Atherley
duced. A fe....' years after\\a.rds, in 1852 or (7), Mr. Lathom wa
a well - known
1853. the top was blown off durin
a storm solicitor, having been a pupil in the office of
that swept over \
city: d.
cemliu,! to the I Mr. C. C. SmalL
ground" like an umbrella," so its fall was Next comes what is apparently a necessary
described by an onlooker. It Wt\1 then re- evil in modern civilization, the Jail (8), and
bUIlt, a.nd finally disappeared, owing to the as it is passed we reach the :Fair green (9)-
1l1arch of mOdeI'D improve:l1ents m mills as On this green were held till late in the
in everything- else in f866. "fifties' not only c
tle and produce fairs,
In 1845, \VIlliam Goodernam tooi;: into but also \\ ild beast sho\\ s, circuses and oc.
partnership his nephew (the son of his first casiona.lly it was a.lso utilizell as 0. muster-
pa.rtner), James Gooderham \\. orts, and ing place for societies, who wished to make
thie partnership existed until the death of a demonstration by marching through the
the former. street... of the city.
iamcs tì'. ,Vorts had accompanied One of the most notable, if not indeed the
his fa.ther : 0 Canada in 1832 - when most notable, exhibition held on the Fair
enly fourteeu years of age, and was Green, was that of the renownftù P. T. Bar-
an active member of the firm of Gooderham num in 1852. It was described thus:
&, \\' ort
îrom 1845, till his dea.th in 1882. F. T. BAl
:-iU.M'S
He was for many years one of the \Vardens GRAND COLOSSAl. MUSEUM AND MENAGERIE.
of Trinity church, King street east, and for The largest travelling EXHIBITION in I he
thirty-nine Yt.'ars a member of the congrega- \\
orld, being a combination of all the most
ti')[1 He was also a Hl'.rbor Commis!Ïoner, popular and unexceptionaule amusements of
and at all times a much esteemed business the age-enlarged and improved for the sea-
mæm, son of 1832.
Mr. \Villiam Gooderham built the large A TEAì\1 OF 10 ELr.PHA
TS
dwelling house to the wes
of the mill, Will draw the G,eat tAR OF JU(;l1ERNAUT.
abou' 1850, and there resided until his A BABY ELEPHANT
death thirty one years later. He was \Yar- only one year old and but 3 1 feet high, will
den of Trinity church for 38 years, and w&os carry uponhia ba.ck, around the interior of lhð
an Enll:lish churchu,an of the old fashioned immense Pavilion, the Lilliputian G};
. rOM
evangelic&l type, a Tory of no doubtful color THUMB Thema.gnificentcorte
e comprises 110
and an ardent Freemason. His children. horscs and 90 men. The P:wilion of Exhibi-
grandchildren and great-grandchildren; tion has been enlarged until it is capa.ble
numbered no less than 90 "hen he, on of accommodating 15,000 spectators at once.
AUgu8t 20, 188], ha\'ing all I u
completed -The collection of living Wild Beasts in-
his ninet.y-first year, pafl
ed away. cluåes the most splendid specimens ever ex.
Leann.: the Gooderham house, proceeò. hibited iu America.. Among m ,ny others
ing west, the tower vf l'rinity church, King will be found
street (number four on the engravin
),ie seen SIX BEAUTIFUL LIONS,
in the distance, while níll fur'her oft' fresh from their native foresu,
,. pnintinJ: to the skies," is the spire of ;:ot. ... S
CRED BURMESE BULL,
Paul's Roman Catholic church on Power from the hland oi Ceylon, worshipped there
street (5.) hy the Pa.gan K atives, and recently taken
At lIinity church has labored now for from a.n Idolatrous Temple.
exactly fortv-one Yl!ars the Rf!v. Alexander A monster WHITJr. or POLAR BEAR !-of
SI\Oson, he being the s
l'Iior rector in point prodig:ous size and ferocity.
of service in the c;ty of Toronto, if not in A maITnificent ROYAL TIGREss-the largest
the diocese, The first recto[' wa.s the Rev. Ol.1e eve; captured a.live.
\\ . H, Ripley, who was ,,1::;0
econd classical AN ISFANTILE CAMEL-only six, months of
ma.ster at Upper Canada Collefie. A marble a
e, the first one e\'er born in An1cl'ica. etc.

814

LAND
L\ RKS OF TORO
TO.

The DROVE OF ELEPHANTS were captured
in the jungle of Central ('eylon. by .\Jessrs.

B. June and Geo. Nutter, assisted bv
260 n/\ ives. after a. pursuit of thrëe
months and four days in tne
jungles. They were finlllly entrap-
ped and secured in an Indian Kraal or Trap,
of enormous dimensions and prodigious
strength, whet'e they were subdued. The
calf elephant accompar,ies its dam, and
was weaned on its passa2'e from India.
A NATIVE CEYLON CHIEJ', of high caste in
his own cauntry,has charge of the elephants,
having accompanied them from Cey on.
But for fear these al.tractions should no'
prove sufficient, it was advertised in ad-
dition to the above wonder
that : Le reill.

enuine. original
GEN. TOM THUMB
iø aUache I to this exhibiuon, and will ap-
pear, in all his performances,as given before
the principal crowned heads of Europe, in-
cluding :O:ongs, Dances, Grecian Statues and
his admired personations of Napoleon and
Frederick the Great. The little General is
twenty years of age, weigns only fifteen
pounds, and is but twenty-eight inches high.
Then besides all the foreJ!:oinJ{ attractions
there was
MR NELLIS,
the man without arms, w, 0 t'xecuted his
extraordinary feats of loading and firing a
pistol with his toes; cut proble likenesses;
sbot at a mark with a bow and arrow; play-
ed upon the accordion and violoncello, etc.
And in addition to all these marv
ls a
fine military band performed the most popu-
lar airs of the day, as the procession enu'red
town, and also during the hours of exhibi-
'ion.
Finally, the charge for admission was only
25 cents to the whole of this immense estab.
lishment, includmg General Tom Thumb,
the entire collection of wild a'1imals, wax
IItatuary, Mr. Pierce'. performances in the
dens, the baby elephant, Mr. Nellis' per-
formances, etc., no extra charge under any
pretence whatever, let the reports be what
they may, Doors open from 1 to 4, and
from 7 to 9 o'clock p.m.
Some little dista.nce to the north of the
Fair green is se n the back of the house oc-
cupied for so many yearll by the la.te
C. C. Smdoll (10) which has been
fully described on a preTious occa.sion,
Following that is the resIdence of th(' late
Dr. Christopher" idmer (ll) in early life
an army surgeon, iìeeing hard ser..icli in the
Peninsnla under \Vellington, a.ttached to
the 14th Light Dragoons, a regimt"nt ren-
dered famous by I he novdist Charles Level'
as bcing the one in which served tha.' hero
of tic
ion Charles O'
laney

Afterwards he bccome a leading man
both as medical practltlone-r an<1
politician III Upper Canada.. He Wa.'J for
lome rime a member of th",
egislative
Council, but for many years befl)re his death,
",hich occurred nearly forty year. since, he
had ceased to take an act
ve par' in politics.
As Dr. Widmer'l house is left behind
Lamb's glue factory appears, (12) bUIlt in or
about 1846, then three dwelling housps,
(13) erected by Dr. Widmer, that in the
centre occupied for some years by one of
Mr. William Goodr.r-ham'. Ions, and that
on the we-st by the late F. A. Whitney, a

randson of Dr. Gamble, ot the Queen'l
Rangers,

J r. Thomas Collier's residence (14)
Russell Abbey (15) and the Toronto Gas
Works (16), are all close tOfether, and then
comes John Snarr's steam saw and planing
m Us (17).
.Mr. lollier just named was a. much es-
teemed official belonging to the Canada
Company.
Cull's .tarch factory and shipyards (I8) a.re
next passed, and then the cupola ot St.
Lawrence Hall comes into Tiew. This
building, when first erected after the greas
fire of 1849, wu much used for ba.lls re-
ceptions and public meetings.
It Wil.l the e that the Mayor aad City
Council welcomed Sir Edmund Head fJD
his hrø' ..iait to Toronto as GOTerLlor.
General. It wa.s there a.lso that Major
\Vells and LieutenaDt Dunl1, V. c., were
feteà on their return from 'he Crimea, and
it was to the same buildin
in 1855 that one
of the most enthusiastic DlE:etings whICh was
ever held in the city took place in a.id of the
patriotic fund for :Britain's sick and 'Waul oed
soldiers then serving m the elLst.
The Cummercial M ills and
J etllrll, Bitrst
& Halliday's distillery (20) and Lea. !L's
soap workll (21) are next, close to
ell1er.
They haTe long ago disappeared.
The City Hall (22) looking in] 8'3 very
little changed from what it was f
rt,y years
ago,is next,while 011 the water's edge is8eetl
the buildin" once occupied as a. fish market
l2:
). It has disappeared and those whe re-
member it and ita ull8&voury Inrr01lnd.w.I:JII
amI noisy occupants are aware how little
there it!! to regr-et now that it has "ODe. 1 he
\Y ellineton Hotel (24), famous 11.8 a r..eri
for farme-rs, market gardclI.ers a.nd
olh
n frequentinli1: the market-s of .he
city on businet!!s wu a little to \}e
west of the City Hall, and then is seen wha.t
was always expressively but inelegantly
det!!cribe I (owinJ:{ to its peculia.r sbap,) &II
tho Coffin Block, (25,)

Jaitlanà'l wharf comes nn' (27) aDd
then, with ita froll.t door and \\ indows t acÏtli:

LAXD:\lARK8 OF TORON roo

815

the wharf, is the North American Hotel.
The proprietor of this house f.or many ,-ean
was Mr. G, C. Horwood,a qUlet \'ut popular
man with ..U who knew him. In this hotel
Capt. Gaakin, commanding the bailing vessel An Aceon.. of the "'Irat "esselll Ül.at
Cherokee, tàe first shiP. tbat eyer sailed
alled ....r .....n.d '''aterll a.d uC T,.ulie
direct, from Toronto te Llvarpool, wa.s pub- Wb. )l.anaed Tke...., 1678-177&.
hel)' ba.nquetted before he ...et out on hi. From 1677 to 1893 is little more than two
yov:\ge by the citizen. of Toronto. centuries. and it is at the former date at
l'he Ùank. of Montr
al(28) Hrown'ø(29) and whleh thh history oi the Cana.dia.n ma.rine
Yonge street ,,'barvee are further weøt
ard, begins, when the place w
ere the City of To-
in clest! proximity to one another. longo ronto now stand, was sImply a. porta{ie on
8trect (30), 1I0metimes called Gorrie's Lake Ontario, without houses or permant:nt
'Wharf brings to mind m..ny notable I buildings of auy kiud, a spot used bV the
men who were ef,en met there, or Huron Indians, not only u a trading place
in its immediat;e vicinity. Of tb

e in their dealings with the :French, but a.lso
Ca.ptain Richardeoa, first c
mmander &s their own headquarters. Those visiting
of the Nia&'ar& ateame1'8 and then Har- it by land did I!O, of coune, on foot. and
bor master is well reme:ubered; F. W. those "ho came by water were trauRported
Ji&rron, principal of Upper Ca.nada. Celle
e, thi her either in batr..eaux, canoee, or in 5mall
and Dr. Hodder, both aa cool yachtsmen all I vesael. oE the 1I10st primitive description, 1t
tht'y \\'
re re8pective
elev.r schoolmaster ia our purpo.. to E:ive a.n a.ccoun\ in these
ana surieoD- Colonel E G. O.Brien, who pages ot the development of the.shippi!lg on
mi&ht wen ß'l.Ve øer-ved Tba.ck.eray_ as the I Lake Ontario and th
w.a.ters lmmedlat-:ly
ori
inal of Cclonel Newcome 10 h
ROVIlI I aùjacent 'hereto, traClRg Its growth from Its
"lhe Newcomes," was alao .. well-known infancy to the pr
eent da.y. The na.me first
face, aa were al.e those cf G. B. Holland ud given to Lake Ontario by Champlain, the
Capa.a.ins J',ÒJIMtS and 'l'bømu Dic;', ita. e;rea' French diacoyerer, 'Was not its present
Twobys and many more; õne. He called it; .. Lake St. Louis,' after
w. lU'e 2'etting to t.be end of our 81.1'011 the French monarch. Subsequently, for a
though. Tinninr;'e "hw-rf (
l) cornel!! ned brief period it was known 801 "Lake Fron-
wia;b. some di.tance further west tne í.ena.c" after the famous Governor of that
Queen's (3"2). name: Count dø Frontenac, who represented
1 h" Tinnin,., bøth father aad I!on, were his sovereign herl!: from 1672 to 1682 &nd
lu:tive pushing bUlliness men, and deservedly from 1689 until his de, th in 1698. It filially
enjoyed & bigh reputation Occasionally received, aDd has ever siDce retained, tbe

y were jocululy BP ken ot a.s the Rame it now be-an-Ontario. The first
.. horae _",riDes," in allusion to European "ho accomplished the ascent of
theW- fondnes. for horses anrt horse the S',. L&Wr61lc. from the Atlantic to La.ke
racilli. They ""Me largely interested Ontario wa. M. tie CoureeUe!!!, iu 1670. He
ÍB if IIhey did noi &C&uaUy own,a rac. COUNle did I!!O iø furtherance of the policy that \\ as
to the east
f
e eit.y over tbe Don river.. being pursued by France to st-cure the fur
Queen'. wharf was always callE-d int.o use trade with the lndiana in the north and
ÌIl tbe day. of tbll Niagara atllamel'S a.ll north-u ellt of the Americ&n continent. About
tbrough the wlRter, ÞY the ewnecs of th.e tbree years later than this 11> you1l2 French
steamer Chief JG.litice Robinson. l'àis traveUer :::;ieur La Salle, arriyed in Cana.da
ve8lel rBoD to and from TlH'oni.e ..nei Ni
a. full.f a project of di:>covering a. rou te to
throu
hou
the win
aeuon 011 more tha.n Japan &8 well &s to the East Indie!!! by pent"-
.ne oc;:a.aioo, øaHi.n.g frona tbe Queen'. tralmc further and furlher to the west until
wurf. he reached the northern seas. H. disclosed
'('he
ld FCH't, (33), is now re!l.ched. Its his pla.ns to Frontenac, who had Imcceeùeù
memories are leg1<>B. Muy a lad st.ary,mallY D. Col1rcelles as Governor vÎ Canad&, a.nd
a. rOllll.ace !toad
a..y a bitter pø.rtinit k&s it qøi\4 won him oW'er to hie views,. Fl1rnis
ed
known a.nd. wftueüed., but. sorrowful -.s by Frontenae with letters of mtroductlon

eme of iha recoUec\iena.el. tbe OW Feet. are to iu.fluential people at the French Court,
It hu also mað.Y JOYous ones a.ad h. returned to France and while Úiere ob-
i.. i. well te remember th.., of maar of taiu.ed from the mOü
rch.. II:rant of the
th
. who weu\ But of i'll g&.&.as, it could be seiS!Dory of Ca.taraqui, to
ethE'r with the ex,
B&td- cl1isive ri,;h& tG trade ill. the west, and full
"1'1Ie
ath of duty was \h. w Joy to glory,.. libertv Df explora.tion. Armed wi
h theae
extensiy
powers in 1678 La.
a.ne returned
to Canada. and for &bout a yea.r employed
bimself in 'buildini: tortresseB at Cata.raqui in

CHAPTER CCXXXVII.
CANADIAN LAKE NAVIGATION.

816

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

constructing ships on Lake Ontario anll in I sm.Il articles of rusted iron were frequently
commercial trausl\ctions with the Ir.dians. ,found there \\ hen he (110 young officer) first
The fir<lt sailin'! vessel built upon Ontario I came to Fort 1.\ ia.g<\ra with the French
was a sma.ll schooner of about ten tons troops."
burden, constructed at the" Cabins," wbere i After the keel had been laid La Sa.lle
Kingston is now, Up')n this "easel 011 nquested Father Hen,.epin to drive the
Novembl'r 18th, 16ï8, La Sa.lle Bailed firs
bolt, but t.his honar wa.s declined
from Cataraqui, his destina.tion being the through, a.s he himself tells us, "the
mouth of the River Niagara. He hail as his mo ,eøty ot my religious profcssion."
companions Father Hennt:pin a.nd r:hevü.lier As the buildin
of the vt'ssel progressed
de Tonti. and on his vessel ca.rried hoth so did the anger and jealousy of the Indians,
merchandise and the materials for construct- I and their intention, I!hGuld a favorable
ing a ship opportunity present itseli of burning the
Soon after entering Xiagam River, La ship, was I'evt:aled to the French by one of
Salle bond Fa.ther Hennepin, with their their squaws :From La ::)all.'s biographer
small CI'aft, were bl'ought to a Btand at the Wi! learn that "as spring opened sh. was
head of tbe e(ldy &t Qu('enston, whel"e lie!!! really for launching. lhe fria.r pronounce i
a large rock, which iõi to the present time his blessing on her, th" assembled company
di
tinguished as Heuuepin Rock. Their sa.ng 'je Deum, cannon were fired and
vessel was wreckeil, aUll t.he rigging and Frcnch pnd Indians. warmed alIke by a.
other stores for the Griffin w{:re lost, though gcnerous gift of brandy, !1houted and yelled
the anchors and cables were sa.ved 1 his in chorus u,s she g.ided into the Kiagara.
wreck took place at Thirty Mile Point, Hcr builders towe.l her out and anchored
where thcre is a. very bad shore. her in the strcam, Bafe at last from incen-
.z l

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-

THE llARQUI<: GRIFFIS.
Once more La Sa.ne returned to Frontenac I diary hands, and then, swinging their ham-
n.nd
ain by a.nother vessc1 shipped frt'8h mocks under hee deck, slept. in peace beyond
, tores and aupplies for the Griffin. The reach of the tomaha\\ ks of the lndiam: who
name of this ship is not gÍ\oen, out the otht'r I gazed on her with amazement. FiTe small
was kno'f1\:n &6 the Frontenac. I cannon looke lout frem her port-holee, and
There is muc
difference of oI?i
ion as to on h
r .bow was ca.rved a. portelltou, .monster,
the exact locahtv where the Gnffin was the Gnffon, who!ll
name she bore, 111 hOD"r
built and on \Vhi
h side of the Nia.gara riTer. 1 of the armorial bearings of Frolltel1ac."
V&n Cleve,writmg in 18í8, aftervery careful (Parkman.)
stu iy of the matter,says it was at the mouth I 'J'here is BOrnE' difference of oplDlOn as to
of a stream entering the 1\"iagara River, six the name' f this vess
1. Father Hennepin
miles 'lbove t.he Falls, and wbich is now cal- says she was called "The Cataraqui,' but
led Cayuga Creek. Garneau a.nd other writcrs describe ber as
This is the very general opinion. But "lhe Griff,)n," and there is little denbt but
Van Cleve qnote
the following all but con- tha.t wå.s her name. She is describeð as
clUSÎ\Tf' testimony :- "R, kind of briga.ntine, not unlike a
"Joshua Fairbanks, late of Lewi8ton, who I Dutch gal1iot, with II. broad, elevated bow
came to
uceuston in 1';93 (bt>fore Lewiston ! and stern, very Hat in the bottom, looking
was known as such) from Massachusetts' j l much hrger than &he really WdS and of sixty
was V'ell acqu&in'ed with an old French toilS burden.'
officer who did not return to Fralilce after I At length, ill ]679, accompanied by
the conqul'st of Canaùa by the English in Father Henllf'pin, who \\ 3.S a Flemish
1759. Thi
old officer frequently told
1r. I Recollet, and had come from France with
F. that the barqut: Griffin W&!lI built at' him, La Sallc on August 9tb entered Lake
Cayuia. Creek (two leagues) six miles &bove I Erie on boad the Griffon, this being the

he Falls, and that small spikes and other first ship which had evcr floated upon its

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

817

waters. He 8ai)
d from end to end of it, canoe wall the only ve8@el used by the
and
oing through the Strait3 of Detroit he Indians, and was employed by them either
then entëred a bea.utiful sbeet of \\ ater, to in hunting or upon warlike expedItions, It
which he gave the name of Lake St. Clair. was comparatively light and c mId also be
Passing thence through the narrow channel easily hidd
n on the shores of the lakel'l,or in
whereupon now stands the town of Sarnia, th.e thIcket. and rURhes adjoining tbe rivers.
he reached Lake Huron. Here a terrible At last the French appeared brin,gin!! with
storm struck the ve..el, D.Jl.d the terrified them their ba.ueaux, but for a great number
saHors fell upon their kaees, thinkiDg their of years the birch bark ca.Doe was the only
craft was about to founder. The pilot, too, meanB of transit. In 1685 the Marqnise de
vehemently upbraided La Salle for havinJ: Nouville, when on his expedition against the
per::uaded him to leave the ocean, which he Five Nations, conveyed hi!! army across
had sucC'essfully navi1{at
d for 110 many the lake in cauoes in two divisions, meetin'!
yeal"B, only to meet laÏ8 end in a wretched I at Ûaweao, Refflrrinit to inland navigation
la
,e. But t'M storm abated, There was a by this means, Gourley, in writ,ing ot La-
great calm and MichiJIimacklnac, standing chine, tells UII: "From
achine the canoes
on the sout\} side of the strait between .L&ke j employed by the Nort,h-west Company in the
Huron and .Michilan, was reached, the voy- fur trade take their departurE:. Of all the
age coming to an end in o&le of the bays to numelOlU contrivances for tr8.nsporting
the north of the latter lake. La Salle re- I neavy burthenl by water, these vessels are
mained in the North-we!!t fOl" some tIme perhaps ,he moat extraordinary; scarcely
lon
er, but he eent the Griffon back laden anything can be concei\"ed so inadequate
with valuable tu.rs, and she i. supposed to from the Blighine s of their construction to
have foundeced, ... Dothin
more W1&.& ever I the purpose tbey &ore applied to, a.nd to con-
heard or any trace found of h
r_ tend
&inst the impetuous torrent of the
THE EARLIJo.R SKTTr,ERS-CA:-lO
. BATTlI:A ux. many rapids that must be pasBed through m
There is no doubEi tbat the early settlen the cour..e of a Toyage. Th,-,y selJom ex-
of C8.naòa in their journeys from one por- ceed thirty feet in len..:th and six ill breadth,
tion of the country to another had clearly de- dimmilhing to a I'Ih..rp point at each end,
tined and regul
r rouiM. In pursuing their without distinction of head or stern; the
way from the Atlantic to \be interior of the frame ill composed of Borne small picces of
country the French would a. time!! some very li
ht wood; it iB then covered
only a.scend the 8t. Lawrence u far with the ba.rk of the birch tree, cut into con-
as the mouth of the River Sorel, then yenient Blips, that are rarely more than
proceeding westward, following the course the ei
hth of an iJ'lch in thickness; these
of the river, would enter La.k
Champlain are sewn together with threads made from
anò from I here proceed to wba.t ill now the the twi"ted fibre!! of tha roots of a pal"ticular
State of New York. At othertÏme!!inst.ead tree and strenl{tllened where necesilary by
of doin
this they would continue the &Bcent narrow eti'ips of the !!ame materials applied
of the St. Lawrence until Lake St. Louis or on the wside; the joillt!! on the fragile
Ontario wa.s reached. The French found it planking' an made water-tight by beiD!r
better to proceed by the Ri\"er 8t Lawrence, con.ed wiiÀ a species of gum that adheres
while tbe English had to follow the high very firmly and becomes perfectly hard. No
lands separating the river. flowing towards iron work of any deecription, not even nails,
the greAt lakes of the north, from those are employed In building t.hese slender
emptying Ùl
ir waters into the Atlantic, vessels, w ich when completQ weigh only
'1 he Amer\can bietorian, Wild,
ns UB:- about five hundred weillht each. Ou beiug
"Tbere are four priucipal cha.nnele ior trade prepared for the voyap;e they receive their
between the ocean and the lake!!. One by lading. which, for tbe convenience of carry'
the
1iaaissippi to Lake Erie: a second by ing acros!! the por
nie8, is made up in pack-
tbe Potoma
and J1'rench creek to the eame ages of about three-quartere of n hundred
place: a third by the Hudson and a fourth weight each and amounts altog
ther to five
by the
t. Lawrence." (Like Ontario tons, or a little more, indu(tin
provision!!
Lake Erie bltoð not alway!! borne its and other necessariea for the men, 01
present name: it WIUI at first called wbom from eight to ten are employed to
La.k
Okswego). From La Salle's lime and each canoe; they usually set out ill brigados
for nea.rly a century later tbese route!! were like the be.tteaux, and in the course of a
trayell, rl by Indians, French and English, summer upwards of tifty of these vessels are
and last of. all by the U. E. Loyalists,either thu!! deepatched." The route they took was
on foot
In open boats, for until the close up the Ottawa River to the south-west
of the elJ{h,teenth
ntury but little advaJl.ce bL,...nch, proceeding by it and the clu!!ter of
was made In the modes oi tn,yelling either small lakes into which it e:llpties, until Lake
bv land or by water. For many yea
the Nipissinir was reached, from thence to Lake

818

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

Huron and th1l8 to Lake Superior, proceed- better service. Th, Englillh did not furnish
ini( on its northern ilhore t'J the Grand POrt- th
ir ba:teaJ.lx with sails, \\ hich are very
age, a distance of no lells than 1,100 milos essen:ial on good occasions, but tney pro-
from the point at which they departed, vided good ash oars, while the French
When we remember that there were not only used those of pine, "hich were p<>or, badly
the rapids with which to contend, but also n1é\de and used up in
re&.t number!!." (V. 2,
the ponages, which varied grea.tly in extent, p. 94.)
Borne only being a ft.w yards wide, others a He further states that in 1755 the r gi,
fow milelii, and tha.t at all of the rapids ani ments of Guienne and Bearn "left 011 the
t!ach one of tha portages, the canoes tl.nd their 19th of July for Jhontenac. They embarked
contents had to be lifted out of the water at La Chine in bat eaux laden \\ ith provi-
and carried on the men'l!! IIhoulders until lIions." (V. I, p. 38) La Chine is a fe'"
Bailing could be recommenced, we shall have miles from Montrcal The" Frontenac"
!lome slight idea of the hardship.i th1l.t had referred t3 was Fort Frontenac, no ,\' Kings-
to be endured by the pioneer members of ton, Ont
our merchant inlanò marine service. \\'hen it was determined by : he Britbh
'The batteaux, which were used like the I to 1I.ttack Fort Nil\.
ara it was resolved that
canoe
for the t.ransport of both
oo !! and the officer in command of the for
e "should
p3.ssengers, "-ere many, though not tl.ll ûf receive a sufficient number of batteaux to
them, built at Lachine, !!ome nine miles trom tJ'an!\port his troops and a.rtillery by \\ ay
)lontrea.l. of Lake Ontario." (V. 1, p. 44,)

()me of them could accommodate as ONTARIO'S FIRST SçHOO
ERS,
manya.e five or even lIix fll.milielil, They The troops referreå to arriv d a. OS\\ ero,
could also carry .. lar
e
'eight of luggage or but sickness .. prevented the execution of
freight. They were divided into brigades of ; heir designs." so that awai ing further
tWf'lve boats each,and there was Ii. guide, or, movements" they also undertook to lJU:ld
110.& he wa
generally called, a conductor, with v ssels to form a fleet upon the la.k',"
five mt!:n under him ou each haLteau, This (V. 1. p.45). A foot note to this page oi the
conductor filled exactly the same position American edit.ion of thi!! author nay'" : -
Oll the batteau that a c'\pta.in would do who .. 'The first English schooner on Lake On
,vas in command of a ship. Succeedin
the tario was launched this summer. She had
battt:pux ca.me at a long interv:\l the 40 feet kee, moun
ed 14s,\Ìvelgtws and \\as
Schenectaày and Durham boats, but of ffia.de to row wh n necessary. 'The fleet fittcd
these and their construction more will be out by the .hue-lish at Oswego in 1753
said hereafter. consisted of a deckeù sloop of eight foul"
An exce!lent account of the first vessels pounders and thirty swhels, a decke.i
which traversed La e Ontario a hundred and schoollt:r of eight four-pounders alld t ,\ ell
Y-
thIrty year!! ago may be found in M. eight swivels, an undecked schooner of four-
Pouchot's It Memoir upon the låte w r teen swivels and fourteen oars, and another
in North America bet"'een the French of h\'elve swivels i\nd fourteen oars All of
and Eugli;;h, 1755-60" "hich was trail slated these were unrigged and laid up early in
and editej by F. B. Hough a.nd publish&d the fall."
at Roxbury, lIJa
. In it we Dnd that At the surrender of Oswego in Augus .
when the French troops arrived in Canada 1736, the,Eri ish found quite .. ship.bUll<
illg
they were transported "in batteaux for yard" with nine vessels of war. of \\ hich
).] ontreal." (V(,l. 1, p. 36.) 'J'ht>se batteaux one carrying IS guns WiloS finished. The
1\"en the boats used ior transportation in otherll were upon the !!tocks and all their
those early daYII In the carnage of rigging was iu the magazines." (V. l,p. G8.)
fr
ight they would take about three tons During the spring of 1757 a party of
a.nd in conveying troops would probably JTr neh soldiers del!cended on Fort (;eorge
accommodate about tw.mty -fiye or thkty near Mon real .. to IInrprise it, but being
men. Poucho
writes :- discovered they contenteù themsdvetl \\ ith
.. The batteaux used for the navigation bu."uing a saw mill and some batteaux"
of th' upper part of this river carry lIix (V. 1, p. 76.) A foot note says there
thousand pounds. and are of peculiar form wer' 15g batteanx, wi h four brigantines
to enable them te resist the efforts made to and two galleys, each of fifty oars.
take them up the rapidJt. Those that the "withou rt:ckonin
lUuch wood for con-
EDglish built at the latter place (
lon' struction," and a
Fort William Henry
treal) \-\ ere larger and lighter, but eould on the 18th March the Freuch dC's.
not endure this na.vigation after the troyed 350 batteaux and "four briganrint:s. ..
nrst voyas;:ell. They were IIo.lwaYII fiiled .Mante states that store hous
s were burned,
with water by the efforts made t
k ep with" all the hu
of the Rangers and a
tht:m up and those of the French did much sloop on the stocks." (N,.Y. Col. His., X

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LA
DMARKS OF TORONTO.

819

544, 548.) a.nd "on the sic:1e of the enemy
V olf a German officer, came to burn a v. ssel
upon the Btocks near Fort Kiagara.."
In an account Pouchot 2ives of the attack
on Fort George, he speaks of troops "marched
by land to thp rigbt of the lake, so as
to covt:r tbe landing ot the army, which
took passage in batteaux." (V. I, P 86.)
He further, in v. I, p. 97, writing about
Niaaara, alloYs that the vessels belonging
to th French "lay at anchor till the wind
favoured." This was at the mouth of the
Niauara River, and on thi!! day for the first
tim: "ere oLserved " St. Elmo's Lights on
Lake Ontario." The historian, continuing,
write!! :-
" About eleven o'clock In the evening, a!!
one of thesE! flaws was approaching, some
electrical fires appeared on the top of the
two masts and at the points of the yards.
These lights were eight or ten inches long
and appeared to be three or four wide aud
very brilliant. The sai on alarmed our
crew, who at once closed the hatchways,
the pipes of the pumps, and other places,
wh6retheyimagined this fir,' could penetrate.
M. Pouchot was amused at all this and re-
&ssured the passengers. \Vhen a.nother
flaw came on these li2'hts re-appeared &
ain
and showed themselves twic afterwards,
They disappeared as soon as the clouds
removed from the atmosphere the attraction
of the vessel, but re-kindled as soon a9 the
clouds came oYer. They lasted about half
an hour. ach timE'. At daybre"k the wind
freshened and bleW' so strong that we \\ er,>
obliged to run Yo ith bare poles before the
wind, and it being in our stern we &rrived
at Frontenac in twenty one hours from
Niagara. This was one of the sborte8t pas-
sage!! th!ot ha.d been made, having sail. d
about ninety leagues in this in
erval of
time." (V. 1, p. 9'7-98.)
These St. Elmo Lights may be briefly
explained. "-hen a. larJ{e conductor con-
nected \\ ith ..u electric machine is giving a
rapid succession of bright sparks to ..
ball connected with the ground, the
sparks cease as soon a.s .. pointed wire con-
nected with the
round is held in the
vicinity of the conductor. No discharlt8
is heard, but In the dark: a fain
glow
i. seen .._ the end of the wire. which
oontinue. as long as the machine is
burned. Remove the wire and the Bparks
instantly re-commence Thia glow is kno" n
1;0 sa.i 01'8 ... S\. Elmo'. (San Telmo) fire,
ia old days Castor and. Pollux. (Plin.
B. N. 2, 37.) Suppose now one of 'he con-
ductors t. be a thunde:- cloud, the other
the surface of the earth, the dischar
e
will usually .ke pla.ce bet".een the places
ef 2r_
I' aurface density, a.nd it VI ill in

itener..l be Ulore gra.du!l.l, ... the8e are more
pointed and of lea. capacity.
In \\fitil1g of the a.dvance of the En:..lish
on Fort George, Pouchot says (v. I, p. Ill)
thai the army "set out at six in tbe
morning .pon the open lake, First there
came tiTe barges and thf:n sixty, which
formed the advance guard of the a.rmy.
Finally, tht: lake appeared cGTerod with
barges, each holding twenty men Ol' up-
wards." A foot note to page III of Ponchot
says that "The English army embarked
in nine hundred boats and one hundred
and thirty-five whale boat!!, with cannQn
mounted upon rafts to cover the landing, if
nece!!sary, ..
He also says tha.t. in 1759 (T. 1, p. 140-
141,) when he was Bent by M. de Vaudrenil
to :Kiagara., U at La.
resenta\ion" (Ogdens-
burgh) "they found batteaux tha.t had
been spnt to meet them," and that ,. they
embarked and on the 4th they reached
Point au Baril, three leagues above La
Presenta.tion. He at once visiteå the creek
\'\ here 1 hey'" ere building two barques, each
for len pieces of twelve-pound cannon.
They should ha.ve been ready to launch, but
he found one with its 'plankiIJg Bond t.he
other with only the ribs up, He at once
-::aused the l!ob:JUrers to be doubled and
ordered the work to be pushed day and
night, while he was himself busy in en-
trenching this pO'Jt, which a party might
have easil V burned with our vU&els there.
On the 9\h they launched one of the barques,
which Yo a!! named the Iroquois. I'
Pouchot further writes (v. I, p. 141-142) :--
U On the 12tb the !!econd vessel, n&.mro the
Outaouaise, was launched. \Ve may judge
frum this
hat diligence had been used
in their construction. They
ere soon
equipped. U On the 25th 'he French "oops
Ipft for Nia.gara, arriTing there on the
30th." This would l>. five days for the
journey from Prescott to Niagara, which
to-day (1893) would occupy a.bout fifteen
hours
In June of 1759 M. Pouchot had sent a
troop of Indian. from Niagara to observe
the Engli!!h at Oswego. .. Theile lüdia.ns
had gone upon the barque Outa.ouai!:òe, which
was caught by a
ale of wind 80 fiercely that
ita ma.in mast and bowspri\ ,,'ere broken.
They were oblii'ed to run do"" 11 to La. Pre-
.entation for !tOme time, which prevented
them from cruisin
before the Oswego
river to dizcoTer the mOT.ments of the
English." (V. 1, p. 158 ) A foot note to
\he original edition of Pouchot OIl thi. event
reads :-" It i. remarka.ble tha.t thue In-
diana, who had neTer encountered a tempest
in a Tes.el, were grea.tly fr
htened, and
threw their orna.ments, ..rms and tobacco

820

LAND.MARKS OF TORO
TO.

Oftrboard to appease the :Manitou of \h.
lake. '[bere happened to be a C&J1a.diam
eo board, who W'aS a mer. dwarf in Btature.
Tile Indians, who had nevei' Men ao small
a man,
ok him for a. N.aAit;ou, and could
ICld'celT b. reatrained from k.illing and
\browing him overboard like another

ODah. N
Pouehot, i.o writing of the approach of the
English army a
ainst Nia",ara, atates (v. I,
po 159) that in 1759 .. on the 6th .July the
lroquoÏ8, at; four o'clock ia the afternoon,
entered the riv.r" Ni'-Cara, alld thai .. M..
Potichot learned by
hi8 conette that; there
were then ao Eugtish at; Oswego," and
th
II on the 7ta Beyea barges appeared
uooer tbe .teep .hore. of the lake to
reconnoitre the plu.ce," and that .. he
aeet out t.he corvette Iroquois to cruise
towarda 'he Lhtle Manh," and on the
8tll .. h. siguaUed" froRl the fort to the
OOI"Tette co to Mnd aslaore the shallop."
A shaUop ÏI 6:ivell in Web!lter as .. a
sort .f large boat with two masts and
lU!aally rigged like a Rchooner." Pro-
bably the boat; cailed .. ahallop in 1759
a.180, and very likely, was pL'opelled by
oan. A coryette is a Bloop-of.war ranking
next below a frigate and carryinl not more
th.... twt!lnty guns,
At a later dde we read that the conette
.. broueht dellpatches from Montreal and
Quebec. It In writing of the atta.ck on
Oswego in 1760 Pouch.t say. .. the En'tlish
had built five great batteaux, of thir-
teeD oa.ra on each sid. with .. cannon
at the end," and an Indian reported that
.. while fi.!hing in the Bay of Cataracoui
h. 8&19' two J:<:nglish "e!lsel
, which were
anchored near Little Cata.ra.coui," and that
.e the grea' vessel had three deck. and ten
gums on each side."
Cata.ra.coui 'Was Kin
ston harbour. The
Iroquois and ibe OutaouaÏ5e were the t"o
armed yeaH.Is which did great seIVice for
the French 011 Lake Ontario, but finally feU
into t.he ba.nds of the English.
Two other vc!ssels were the Seneca, of
22 ca.nnon, and the Onpida, of 18 caunon.
Theae yeBsel. were named by Knox, the
Hutoriau, the .. Ononda.go" and the .. Mo-
hawk. "
A. FEW MORE OF THE EARLY VESSELS.
It; ill a loug cry from 1679, the year in
which the first sailing ahip, La Sa.1le's
Griffon, appeared upon the la.kes until
1'155, when we next have any authentic re-
corn of salling yel!Bels being afloat on Lake
ðntario.
The treaty of peace with France W&II .igned
in the end of 1760, and for the next few
years there were few if any vessela on the
lakes. except; tbe baLteaux and canoes.

N
verthele8S 'We find Borne progress was
belnr made, as the following interesting pas'
aages from the Detroit Tribun
will show :_
.. In 1766 four yeaaels plied upon Lak. Erie.
The.. were the Glad win, Lady Chadott.e,
Yictory and Hoston. The two lata.er laid up
In tbe fall near Navy Island, above Niagara
Fans, Bond on. of these was burned acciden-
tany NovemLer 30th of the sam year. A
vessel caUed the Brunswick, owned and eorn-
manded by CaptAin Alexa.nder Grant, made
her appearance on the lakea during the year
1767, and Wal lost some
im
durinG' the
se
son following. Capt.a.in Gra.nt WII.: t;h.
commodore of the la.kea for Cwo 01' three
years. In 17
9, Sterling and Porteous
built a Yessel at Detroit, ca.1l6d the
Enterprille, Richard Cornwall, of New
York, being the carpenter, The boat-
men, who went from Schenectady with the
riggini and !It ores for this vessel to Detroit,
wfllre to ba.ve ea.ch ;1;20 aud ten jtallons of
rum. 'J hey Were ..yen y day. on Lø.ke
Erie, and two of the number perished with
hunger and their bodies were kep;:. to õecoy
eagles and ranns, They r"turned
New
York in February, 1760, by way of Put,a-
burg, then call
d :FOrt Pitt."
"In .May, 1770, a ve sel of aoven', tol2S
burthen waB launched at Niagara, called
the Charity. TIle sam.: year the Duke of
Gloucester, Secretc.ry Townliend,
amuel
Tutchet, Henry Baxter and four others
formed a. company for minin.! copper on
Lake Superior. In December they built at
Point aux Pines a. barge,and laid the j; eel for a
sloop of 40 ton. burden, Of the success of
this ent
rprise we IIofe not informed. Subse-
quent to the above period very little was
accompli.heel in the construe ion of craft for
lake navigation, and the few that came into
commission were used aolely &s tradt'rs, ...
were in Ïact all tholle prniously named. A
short time after, 1770, baueaux from Mont-
real and Quebec, employed bV the Hudson'.
Bay Fur Compauy, made their annual tonrs
westward, gathering large quanthiea of fura
and I'eturning homewa.rd in the fall. It haa
been stated that. tbt't first ves1!Iei built on
Lake Onta.rio was in 1749. but this, we have
rea.son to believe, 'B not correct."
From this extract, therefore, it wonld
a.ppea.r that-even allowing it to be
correct that a ...mug Bhip was buih
on Lake Ontario in 1779 - exact-
ly aeyenty yea.rs had elapled between
the appearance of tho firs
vessel, the
Griff<;n and the one just referred to. The
Decla.ra.tion oÏ Independence by the North
American coloni
s was made on July 4,1776,
and during tbe wa.r wbich immediBotelv fol-
10"Ved thereupon the Home Government
fi'ted up a shipyard Bot Carleton laland &ll.d

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'i,

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

there built .everal yesiels which were after-
waròs used in conveyin
troops anå .torea
along the lake to various ports between the
dockyard and Niagara. These will presently
be referred to more particularly. Before
doing so it muat be remembered that; until the
period of which we are now .pea.king, all
vessels upon the lakes were flat bottomed
boats, buIlt to stem the rapid. and currents
with <<reater safety, and it was many years
before this class of boat was wholly luper-
.eded. Travelliag in those days was att.nd.
ed with 5he greatp.st difficuhy and Yexatioull
delays. Distance. that could be covered
now, eYen by water, in twenty-four hour.,
often took nearly as many day., and when
people started oa a journey it was impossible
for thorn to lay with &ny degree of a.ccuracy
h.ow long it would ta.ke thelO to o.ccomplilih
it.

CHAPTER CCXXXVIII.

'nle War or IndependeR
f' - A G.yer..
montal Darbgur ..rJ'ey-Tbe II. Eo Loyal-
asil-17f6 to 1889.
We have ..tready referred to the batteaux.
These, a' tÌle outbreak of the American re-
volutionary war, were being gradually
superseded by the Schenectady, a.nd 8till
later by the Durham, boats, thoUih they did
not finally disappear until half a century
later. The Schenectady boats Were :50 call.d
after the
wn of that name on the Mohawk
rher, in the Rtate of New York, where they
were built. They were greatly used by the
U. E. Lovalists, who fled from tbe reyolted
North American colonies during the pro-
gress of the war and on the conclusion of
peace to maÌie their homes in Canada, They
are described &II .. being Hat-bottomed, g n-
erany .mall, and rig
ed with an un
ainly
aa.il." Familiee who intendeà goin
from
the United States to Canada would either
themselye. build or ca.use o
hera to construct
for them such boats a.s would be required.
:Murray
ives us the following de.cription of
the Durham bo.ta. Ht!I laY8 they were
"long,.hallow, and nearly flat.bot
omed. The
chief instrument of .teerage is a pole two
feet long, shod with iron, and cro.led at
ShOl.t interval. with .man ba.ra of wood like
the feet of a. ladder; the men pla.ce them-
sehe. at the bow, two on each side, thrust
their poles into the chR.nnel, and, grr.sping
lIuccellsiyely the wooden bars, work their
way to.wa.rd th
st
rn, thus pushing on the
"esselln that Ulrectlon."-(Caaniff.)
Of tbe vesselll built at Carleton Island
duriD
the war of independence one of the
lar'.'est appears to have been the Ontario,
which was pierced for and carried 22 guns,
She was under ihe command of Captain
.Andrew., of the Royal Navy. This officer

8t!1

was alllo the first commissioner at the doèk
yard, besidee bt:ini the commodore ot the
.melo11 ßeet which \\ as maintained upon the
lake principally for the conveyance of troo""
a.nd stores for their nile. Some time between
the Tears 1780 and 1783-there ï. &Ome dis.
putè' as to the exact year, but th. former
date appeara
he more probable-wbilst the
Ontl!.rio was proceedinl{ fr,'m Niagara to
Oswego, baying on board, in addition to her
crew, a detachment of tbe 8th King's Re.
i.
ment under the command of Colonel Burton,
she encountered a fearful .torm, and
her gallant commander and all UDder bis-
char
e were tota.lly lost. No leas _han one
hundred and .eY.n
y-hro per.ons periahecl
on this occasion. In 1788 a lIurvey .f all th.
lakes and harbor. from Kingllton to Michili-
mackinac wall made by Deputy Surv.yor
General Collina, ac'ing under instruct.iOÐs
rec.ived from Lord Dor.hester, the then
Goyernor of Canada. Reading
he report
made on the work by CøUiu., in
Be li
ht
of a. century'a .xp
rience, one is tempted to
amusement at his ,tat.men', about what h.
considererl should he th. tonnage of veslels
built for service upon the lakea. W. give
bis revert in hia own word.:-
.. Veis.ls sailing on theae w,ten beinJiC
.eldom for any lenith of time out. of light of
land, the navh:a\ion mu.
be considered
chiefly as pilotage, to which the ... of good
natu al charts are EssentiaL, &nd therefore
much wanted. Gales oi wind or squall.
rise suddenly upon the lake., and from the
confined Itat. of the waters, or wa.nt of sea.
room (as it ï. called), nall.lli may in some
degree b. considered as upon .. lee shore, and
this .eems to point ont the necessity for thei,'
being built on .uch a construction... wi I best
enable them to work to windward. Schooners
should, perhaps, ba.ye the preference as
bein
rather safer ahan iiloops. They .hould
be from eighty to one hundred tons burthen
on Lake: Ontario and fifteen tons burthen on
Lakes Erie a.nd Huron; but if noi intended
to communicate bdwe
n theae two lakes
they may t.hen be the Bame size a. on Lake
Ontario; and if thi3 system i. approved
there can be no oecelisity to deviate from it,
unless an enemy IIhould bUlld vel!!liIels of
grt'ater magni'ude or force; but ... the in-
tent of brin
ing any such forward, at ]pallt,
tho buildin
of them. ean neyer reml\iu a
lecret, there may be alway. time to counter-
act such a de.ign by preparing to meet
them, at lea.t on equal terms. It doe. not
seem a:l vis&ble nor do I know any reason to
continu. the practice of building Yesaelli 8..t
bottomed or to h..ye very Jittle drah of
water; tiley are alway. unsafe, and many of
tbe ac
id.nt8 whicb bav
happened on the
lakes have perhap8 iu 80me deKree been

S')')

LAND,MARKS OF TORONTO.

()wing to tha.t construction. On the con-
t rary. ü they are built on pruper principles
for burthen, as W't II as sailing, they are
safer and wil1 find sufficient depth of water
proportioned to any tonnage which can be
requisite for them upon 'he.e Jakes,"
:MORE SHIP :BUILDINCiJ.
The Go'\"'ernment hBwd ship building yardl
..t Murney's and ai Navy Points. Among
the vessels constructed there was the Speedy,
schooner, beside.s the Moh..wk, Mississag"
and the Duke of Kent. About the ume
time al8O, that is, behveen 1776 and 1782,
came tho l..rge influx of U. E. Loyalists
from the United States to Canada, For the
most pari they made use either ()f the bat-
haux or of open boa.tII to convey themselves
and their tamiliee, together with such
small earthly possesaions aI remained to
them, acrOiS the lake. The most of the
early commandera of .bips plying upon the
la.kes belonged to the Royal Navy. Among
them were Captains Bouchette, Earle, For.
tiche, l\IeKenzie, Richardson, Steele and
Paxton, The firsi named of these officer.
had in J 793 the entire command of the
naval force on Lt.k.e Ont..rio. Ris 80n,
Joseph Bouchette, who was born in 177',
ma.de the first suney of Toronk>> harbor in
1793. Under date 1831 he thu. describes
the .cene of his labor!! :-" General Simcoe,
who then resided ai Navy Hall, Nia
ara,
having formed extensive plans for the im-
provement of the colony, had resoh.ed upon
laying the founda.tion. of a proyincial capi-
ta.l. I was lit. that period in tho naval ser-
vice of the 1 .es, and the survey of Toronto
(Y ork) harbor waa entrusted by hi!! Excel-
lency to my performance, I still distinctly
recollect the untamed a.spect which the
country exhibited whon firat I entered tho
beautiful buin, which
hus beca.me
e
scone of my early hydroira.phical operations.
Denae and trMkless forests lined the II argin
of the la.ke and. reflected their inverted
imaþl'ea on its glassy surface. The wandering
8a\'a
e had construet.ed his epbemeral habi.
tatinn br-neath their luxuriant foliage-the

roup then consiating at two families ef
Missislla.gas-ancl the bi.y and nelghborin

marshes were tbe hither\<>> uninya.dcd haun"
of immense convoya of wild fowl Indeed,
they were 10 auundan'.. in some measure
to annoy UI during the night."
This W&8 in May. 1793, and from con-
tempor..ry record. it appears that GOY-
ernOl' Simcoe mad. hi. first vi.it
to the site of the propoøeJ C&t>it&1 .f
the yowag proyince at the same
time. The
.t May !Àh,
1'7'93, printed a.nd publiølted at Newark,
hIls us tbat em May 3rd of
at year, "his
Excellency, tbe Lieutenant-Governor, ac-

companied by "everal military gentlemen..et;
out in boats for Toronto, round the head of
Lake Ontario by Burlinl?;ton Pay, and in the
evening hi. Majesty's yessels, the Caldwell
a.nd Buffalo, sailed for the same place"
The stay of the Goyernor and bis friend.
in Toronto could not haye been of long dur-
ation,for iR the Gazetle of May 16th it ill &n-
nounced that "on Monday, tho 13th, .boul
2 o'clock, his Excellency the Lieutenan'-
Governor and luite arrived a' Na.vy Ha.ll
from Toronto; they returned 11.5 they ha.d
gone, in boats round the lake." A little
earlier tha.n this in the .a.me year, the Gazetú
of April 18th, 1793, a.l.o informs ua tbat
"hill Majesty' a sloop, 'he Caldwell, sai]ed
the 5th inst. from
iagara. for For' Onta.rio
(Oswego) and Kif gston." Aga.in on the 13th
of ihe month we learn from the same source
that "there arrived in the river (at Niagara.)
his MlI.jesty'. armed schooner, the Ononde.-
go, in company with the LadV Dorchester,
merchantman, after an agreeable pa.ssage
from Kingston ot thirty-aix hours." The fol-
lowing is a list of those who ca.me '" pasaen-
gers on board of
he former vessel :-Mr. L.
Crawford, Mr. J. Denillon, the jitreat-grand-
father of Toronto'll present (1893) Police Ma.-
Rilltrate, Captain Thomas Fraser, Mr, Joseph
Forsyth, Captain Archib..ld .Macdonald.
Lieutenant McGaw, 60th Fo..t, and Mr. J.
Small, Clerk of the Executive Council. A
few weeks later, on May 2nd, the Gazette
says, "on Sunday morning early, his
Ia-
jesty's ahip Caldwell arrived here, and ou
Monday alao arrived from Kingliton, tbe
Ononde.go ia twenty-three honra." The poin'
.f arrive.l is, of COl1rlie, Niagara.
TH. DUKE OJ' KENT.
Thill summer the Duke of Kent arrived in
Canada on his first visit to this country. Ho
was conyeyed from Kin
støn 1<' Ni&iara
on board tr.e Moha.wk, under 1ihe command
of Commodore Bouchette.
Th. late Colonel Clark, of Port Da.lhousie.
gins in a letter publiehed in 1850 the fol-
lowin2 pleasing account of the Duke'. visit:
.. The civil and military authorities of the
province met his Royal Highneu at Quebec
and paid bim all the honors due to his ele-
yated station, After a short atay there,
and many visits to tbe chief objecta of in-
tereat in that neighbourhood, he determined
to pay a visit to tbe ,.reat object of wonder
and admiration in America, the Fall. of
Niagara, ,be fame of which ha.d excited a
lively interea', even then, in England. Hil
R.oya.l Highn
ss anel luite left Quebec for
N.oatreal in a number of the ordinary
calechel of the country, drawn by French
ponies, .nd urged over the rou
h roada by
Canadian habiunt driverl, with pipe in
mou
b, as il their CUSlo.. From Moatrea.l

LA:ND
'lARKS OF TORONTO.

823

they proceeded to Lachine, in the .ame pri- The venel known... the Caldwell, which
mitiTe fa:lhion. where the Royal party em- has been several times referred to, wal!!
b&rked in 10 lø.rge bl\tteaux, manned by hardy named after the Receiver-General of Que-
Toyageurs, to stem the mighty St. r...lIow- bee, thl' Honorable Heary CaldwelL
rence. Alter many · a lon
pull, 10 etrong Collins' report on the harbour of York
1"1 11 , ø.nd a pull altogether,' anei many amus- (Toronto) has already been quoted. The:-e
ing miRhllop5 ø.nd adventure., thoroughly en- is aDother report somewhat. analogous from
joyed by the Royal party, they at length GOTernor SllDcoe preserved in the ø.rchives
reached still water I\t Oswagatchun-nrtw at Otta.wa concerIling York harho!1r and the
Ogdensburg- whertl they were met by a erection of barracks fGr the Queen'. Rangers.
barge froll) Kingston belon
iJi" to my In this letter Simcoe says that it was a most
brother, Peter Clark, Esq., Clerk of the desirable harbour. The spot of land referred
Legislative Council, ø.nd mldlned by a torce to u Hanlan's Poi-nt. This was Hibraltar
of militl\ry and sail on from the latter city, Point, and on it was a large block-house.
where they were quickly and safely con- which litood about a hundred feet north of
veyed. They were soon embarked c.n board Hø.nlan'ø Hotel from about 1796 until 1825.
the King's ship, Mohø.wk, commanded by b was dismantled in 1815. The " bottom
Commodore Bouchette, grandfather of the of the harbour" is the Don. It mø.y be sø.id
presont Commissioner of Customs. In this that Ule proposed buildings of stone were
vessel they proceeded up Lake Ontario 10 I never erected. The tirst huts built were on
Navy HaU, on the Niagara River, the resi- the west side of the old fort-ø. row of six,
dence of his Excellency Sir John Gra.ve. 1 that; stood on th" left side of the old gate at;
Simcoe. The Royal party was there re- the eastern entrance to the fort. The letter
ceivec1l\nd entertained with all the state and is written by LlCut.-GC'vernor Sin:coe to
di,gl1ity thø.t was possible, by his Excellency Col Alured Clø.rke, of the Royal Engil1eers,
and the various civil and militaryauthori- QUltbec, and reads:-
ties. \Vlth much difficulty horse. ø.nd Concerning York Harbour :J.nà Worb-
.addles were procured for the whole party, Simcoe to ClarkI'.
when they proceeded along the banks of the .. I lately exø.mined this harbour ø.nd found
river to the Fø.Us, where at tl-.at period it to be without comparison the most proper
ihere wa.s but one small 10L?' hut for the re- situø.tion for an anenal in every extent of
ception of "lisitors. Their borses being tied that word thai 0&Il be met wi'h in this pro-
to the trees, they proceeded by an India.n vince. The Spit of Land whicB forms its
path to the Table Rock:. Some of the more entr..nce ÍI capable of being fortified with a
adnnturous 8ucceeded in descending benea.th ft!\V heavy guns as io prevent any vessel
it, by means of 10 rude rickety Inaian la.d- from entering the harbour or from remain-
der. Curiosity being satisfied, the Ro)-a.l ing within it. From 'he diversity of the
party made their WI\Y to Queenlton, where Sand Banks any &m3.11 point. of ground
aD ø.mple and substantial lunch was pre- is sufficiently strong to be .elected for the
pared by the Hon. Rober' Hamilton, whu pre!!ent purpose, ø.nd which, as circumstances
had the honor of entertaining tbe illustrioull shb.ll require, may be occupied to the widest
visitors. They then returned to Niagara, extent. At the bottom of the harbour there
where they dined iu. the eyeniDjt with his is a situation admirw.bly adl\pted for an
Excellency the Goyernor. Many of the arsenø.l and dockyard; and tJI(>re flows into

reat chiefs ..nd warriors of the Six
ø.lions, the harbour a river, 'h. bank.s of which are
hoaded by the renowned Capt, Joseph coyered wit.h excellent t.imber. Upon thi

Brandt, in full war paint, gave the war river I propose to construct; a sawmill,
dance before his Excellency'. residence for principally for tbe benefit of the settlement,
the amusement of thf' Royø.l party. The but whicn, I han no doubt, will, at the
"le.:t morning a large pl\rty of the swiftest cheapest rate, supply every materil\l thø.t
.md most skilful of the young warriors got may be wanted for his Maje!!ty's service in
up a mø.tch of ba.seba.ll of 10 very excitin!! the Tarious ports on Lake Olltario. I haye
chø.racter. Then there were foot races and fixed upon a site for a place for a town on

veral other
hara.cteristic games, in which the ma.in .hore; and another. where
hll!! Royal Highness took 10 yery warm in. I propose to build barracks for
terest, ø.nd expressed the high gratificaiion the king's troops. These harrac:"s
he felt in witnessini them. AHer haYing 1 have the idea. of constructing 10 as to hold
examined the Fort and other objects of in- 250 men and officers
ith health and conve-
t
re.t connected with the French occupa- niency. The ground not being 80S yet sur-
tion, the Royal party embarked for Kin
ston, veyed, I cannot transmit to yonr Excellency
en route f.or QQ
bec. Tbe fronti
r towns on 10 plan. But my
eUf'ral idea is to buiM
the Amencan aide ha.d not. th n been tran!!- them of stone and in the form of an oblon<<
ferrel to the United States authorities." of three sides, a single sto:.ly in b.eiJrht, en-

82j

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

clo.ing the angles to the la.nd with a. kind Majestv's arms under Hi. Royal Highness,
of brear.t-work of sod, to leave an the Duke of York, it is His Excellency's
opening towards the harbour for .. ordf'r8. that on the railing of the Union Flag
ba.ttery en barbette. I have heard of two lot twelve o'clock to-morrow, 10 royal .alute
.iJlhteen pounder!! that were sunk in the of twenty...one guns is to be fired, to be an-
lø.ke after the late pea
e. They lore describ- 8wered by the .hipping in the harbor, in
ed as beincr good gnns and easy to be weigh. respect to His Royal Hiihness and in corn-
ed. If I obtain them, I should propose to memoratlon of the naming this hø.rOOr from
place them and some heavy carron lodes on his English title, York, E, 13. Littlehal.s,
the part of the harbour opposite to the in. Major of Bri
ade.JJ The records of 1794:
tended barracks, where 1 should wish to are very barren, but we do leø.ro that early
build ø. .torehùuse that miji1;ht occasionally in that year the" Anondaga of 14 guns,"
Berve 80S a blockhouse to secure such blot- the same vesllel a.a thø.t commanded by Com-
terie. a.s may be necessary for the troops to lIJodore Bouchette. the" Onondago," there
erect. I must observe to your ExceUenc,)' being some slight confusion in the names,
tha\ at this point there is an excellent har- was stranded at the entrance to the barbor
bour for batteaux." and given up for' lost. She wa.s, bowever,
THE FIRST MERCHANT YESSEL. got off the shoø.l and floated into deep water
In the summer of 1793 there appeared on by the exertions of Lieutenant Joseph Bou-
Lake Ontario for tbe first time the premier chette. This wø.s the same officer whom
merchantman bailt in Canada. She was Governor Simcoe had already instructed to
named the York, and had been constructed make,} survey of these waters. Severø.l
on the River Niagara in the previous year, journeys Appear to have been undertaken on
1792. Althoue-h sailing vessels were now the lake and Rh'er Thames during 1794 by
being used, not only for the conveyance of the Governor, but they were all performed,
merchandise, but alao of passengers, oth.r so far 10. we can; sccrtain, in open boats.
modes of tranlit by water were far from The following year, 1795, in June, General
being obsolete, for we read in the Gazette, Simc?e is ø.gain at Nayy Hall, Newa.rk, ø.nd
published AUgU8t Ist, 1793, that" a few there is visited by, and hospitably cnter-
days ago tÏ1e first division of his Majesty's taine, the famous French traveller, the
corps ?f Queen'. Rangers left Queenston Duke of Rochefoucault de Liancourt. 'Ye
for Toronto, now York, and proceedC!d in quote from the published diary of that
bø.tteaux round the head of the Lake On- nobleman the following r
mark.. Writing
t-ario, by Burlinl2'ton Ba.y." The second de. from Detroit J while en route to l'/avy H"ll,
..ebmen
of this gø.Uant corps was, how- (In June 21st, 1795, h. says: .. After a
ever, more favored, for we learn from the hearty brea.kfø.st on board the Chippaway
sø.me authority f,ha' they "sailed in the frigate,comma.nded by Captain Hara-where
King's yesseh J the Onondago and Cal
w.ll, we learned that this ,"essel, which is a.bout
for the same place:' The last portion of 400 tons burth.n, cost íhe thou,-
the regiment leh on t,he 29th of July,ø.nd and pounds sterling-we embarked for
they were accompanied by the Generø.l him. Chippaway," we presume on board one of the
self, the Gazette tellin
us: .. On Monday bo,ls belonging to that ship, for he further
evening his ExcellE:ncy, the Lieutenant- teU& us it was 10 king's vessE'1 and manned
Governor, left Navy Hall and embarked on by six soldiers, who were excellent hands at
board his Majesty's schooner, the Missis- rowing, and tha.
the comma.ndant insisted
saga, which sailed immediø.tely, with a favor- I on Lieutena.nt Faulkner attending him as
able gale for York, with the remainder of far as Niagara. Arriving ai Navy Hall,
the Queen's Ran"ers," Some days later the l continuing his narrative, he relat.s :-
Ononda.go ø.nd Caldwell, hø.ving return.d to "
ome trifling excursions we made in the
Niagara from York, (Toronto) again sailed environs of the city, and especially 10 tour of
from the former port, the first conveying four days with the Governor along the banks
tbe Chief Ju.tice of the province, the Hon- of tbe lake, affordeà us an opportunity of
orable William Ü6goode, and the Attorney- seein" the interior of the country. The
General, Mr. John White, to King8ton, the chief purpose of this journey W&8 to reach
second having on board, en route for York, the extremity of the lake, A boat made of
.Major Littleh&les, who was the much valued the bark of trees and de
l1ed for the Gov-
privø.te 88cretary to the Lieut. -Governor, ern or's excursions between Detroit and Kil1
-
The Dexi ootice we have relø.tinl:{ to the ston contained the whole company." He
flee' oD Lake Ontario is conlained then proceeds to sø.y who they were; then
in tbe following genera.l order, dø.ted continuing, say :-"'Twelve cha'Jsenrs of
York, 26th ot August, 1793 .. His Excel- the Governor's rt:gimont rowel} the boat,
lency, the LieuteDimt Governor, having re- which was followed by ano her vessel cø.rry-
cejved information of the .uccess of his ing tents ø.nd provisions." A_aiu, says the

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

825

same writer. "Governor Simcoe intends to
make York the eentre of the naval force on
Lake Ontario. Only four gun-boats are at
present on this lake. iwo oi which are con-
stan tly employed in transporting merchan-
dise ; the otht>r two. which alone are fit to
carry troops and guns and ha. ve oars and
sails, are lying under shelter until an oc-
casion occurs to convert them to their in-
tended purpose. h is the Governor's in-
tention to build ten smallt'r cun-boats on
Lake Ontario and ten on Lake Erie. The
ship ca.rpenters, who construct them, reside
in the United States and return home every
winter. "
i'he Duke was ati this time expectipg
a communication from Lord Dorchester, re-
.pecting his own future movement.s, and he
records with some disappointment on July
6th, that "the English ships are :lot yet
arrIved from Quebec."
A CANDID FRIEND.
After a visit of eighteeil days d the Gov-
ernor's resideuce. the Duke left there for
Kingston, on July 10th, embarking on the
"Onondago," a cutter pierced for twelve
guns, but in time of peace only clI.rryinlC six,
.Arrived at his destination, he remarks re-

ardin
the Canadian navy :-
"The Royal Navy is not very formidable
in this place; six vessels compose the whole
naval force,two of whicl1 are sma.ll
unboatø,
which we saw at Niagara, and which are
stationed at York, two small schooners of
tweh-e guns, viz : the "Onondago," in which
\\ e took our passage, and the u.M ohawk,"
which is just finished; a sma.ll ya.cht of
eighty Ions, mounting six guns,&a the two
schouners, which ha.ve lately been taken into
dock to be rep
ired, form the rest of it. All
these vessels are built of timber fresh cut
down and not aeasoned, and for this reason
last never longer th80n six or eight years.
To -preserve t11elO, even to this tIme, re-
quires a
horough repa.ir. They must be heav-
ed down and caulked, which costs at least
one thousanJ to one ';housand two hundred
guineas. This is an enormous price, and yet
it ie not so high as on Lake Erie, whither
all sorts of na.va.l store
must be sent
from Kingfiton, &nd where the price of
l8obor is still higher. The timbers ot the
.Mississava, whiCh was built three years
ago. are almost all rotten. It is 80 ea.;y to
n.ake provision for ship-timber for many
yea.rs to come, &S this would require merely
tne feUing of it, and that too at. no great
distance from the place where it is to be
used, that it is difficult to account for this
precautIon not having been adopted. Two
p;unboats, which are destined by Governor
Simcoe to 6erve only in time of w8or, are at
present on the stocks; but the ca.rpenters

who work &t them are but eieht in number.

rhe extent of the dilapid8otiona and em-
bezzlement., committed.t 10 great a dia-
tance from the mother country, may be
e&aily conceived. In the course of last
winter, a judicial enquiry into .. ch&r
e of
this nature was instituted at Kingston. The
Commissioner of the navy and the principal
Ihip-wright, it wu asserted. had clearly
collnded against the king ' s intere8t ; but in-
terest 80nd protection are as powerful in the
new world as in the old; Îor both the Com-
missioner and &hip-wright continue in their
pI aCt'8.
"Captain Bouchette commands the naval
force ot Lake Ontario, and is at tbe head of
all the mllorin. e.tablishments, yet without
the least power in money matters.
This gentlema.n possesses the confi-
dence both of Lord Dorchester 80nd Go-v-ernor
Simcoe; he is a Canadian by birth. but
entered the British service wben Canada. feU
into the power of En
la.nd.
Co '''hile Arnold and Montgomery were
besieging Quebec, Lord Dorchester, dis-
guised &S 110 Canadian, IItole on board his
ship, into thai city, on which occasioa he
displayed much activit\., intrepidity and
courage. 1t is not at all a maliter of sur-
prise iha t Lord Dorchester should bear in
mind this eminent service. Bya.Il accounts
he is altogether incorruptible, and an officer
who treats his inferiors with great mIldness
and justice.
.. In re!{ard to the pay of tht" Royal
Marine force on Lake Ontario, a captain has
ten shillings a day. a. lieutenant six, aud a
second lieutenant three shillings and .ix-
pence. The st'amen's wa
es are eight dollars
per month, The masters oi merchantmen
have twenty-five dolla.rs. and the sailors
lrom nine to ten dollars a month,
.. Commmder Rouchette is among those
who most !it.renuously opposed the project of
mOTing to York, the central point of the
force on the lake, but his family reside at
Kingston and his lands are situated near
that place. Such r
asons are frequeutly of
suffiCIent weight to determine political
opiniuns. "
The Duke'. meaning here i
plain enough

namely, that by Bouchette's aid Lord Dor-
chester (who at the time referred to was
known as Sir Guy Carleton, being 8olter-
wards created Baron Dorchester), succeeded
in entering Quebec, whilst in a state of siege,
but he expresses himself rather loosely. It
would be impossible for a comparatively
large vessel, such 808 was under Bouchette'.
command, to pass undett'cted through a vigi-
lant blockading squadron, The real facta are
,hese, Sir Guy Carleton ha.d heard in Mon-
treal of ihe danger wbich threatened Que-

826

LANDMARKS OF TOROl\TO.

bec. H. thereapon resolved to get his
sma.ll forces together in defence of that
important J.!lace. Montgomery approach-
ing, he (Carleton) ordered the troops to
withdraw to his fleet, Unfortunately,
t ley were int6rcepted by the American<,
but Carleton escaped. Iu a small bo<\t. with
mumed oarlJ. he wa.s rowed at the deal of
night through tbe American vessels below
Montreal. and. Rofter a perilous journey,
nached Quebec. This boat belonged to
Bouchett.e's ship and was manned by sailors
under his comma.nd.
The ßlIome a.uthority in telling us that
J30uchette was opposed to Governor Sim-
ooe's pla.n of making York the capital,
rather more than hints that his opposition
was from interested motÌ\'es. This un-
worthy insinua.tion Ðlay be pas&ed over un-
noticed.
')'he passage from Niagll.ra. to Kingston
<<enerally took thirty-six hours to accom-
pli6h. but on the occasion of Rochefoucault's
journey it took no less than forty-eight.
At the time of the Duke's visit to Kmgs-
ton he tells us: "The merchant vessels
here at this time are but three in number,
and make but eleven Toyages in the year."
'!'be Duke makes one observation while at
Kingsten which sbows him to have been pos-
l!f'!SSed of keen foresight. It is worth quot-
ing. He remarks:
., Kingston spems better fitted for a. traùing
town than Newark. (Niaiara) were it only
for this reason. that the ships which arrive
at the latter place and are freiJ;thted for Lake
Erie. pus by tbe former to sa.il a{la.in up the
river as far as Queenston. where the portage
begins. Nor is the position of Newark

ually advantageous for sharing t.he trade
iB provi!!ions, with which the la.ke may one
day 8upply Lower Canada, England, per-
haps all Europe, if Upper Canada should
ever answe.
the e
pectations entertt.ined by
Governor ::SImcoe.
The Duke took his departure from King-
ston tor the United States by way of OSft'e
o
on July 22nd, 1795, u.i
ing in a ba.r
e be-
longin
to Major Dob!!lon, \.ommanding the
troops at Kin
ston. It was manned by
four soldiers qøartered in the garrIson,
under the command of an officer named
Lemoine. It took nearly two days to ac-
complish the journey.
GK
ERAL SIMCOE'S PLAYS.
About this time there was running on the
lake between Kin
ston, Oswego and Ni
ga.ra,
a schooner named The Sophia. She appears
to bave been a quicli. sailer, M the Ga:;ette
informs us tha.t she accomplished in .May
her journey between Kmgston and Niagara
in eighteen hours.
In 1796 Governor Simcoe waa enQ'aged

not only in erectinf{ buildin
a for the use
of the Government at York (Toronto),
but also iu constructing a wharf and
w hat is spoken of in the correspondence
with the commissary of stores, John .McGill,
Esquire, 80S a "cannal," This proba.bly was
something ill the na.ture of a dock. A boat
was aleo being built .. for the purpose of
transporting stone," probably from Niagarllo
to York, to aid in ihe erection of Govern-
men t House. \Ve gin the boatbuilder'ø receipt
for materials he received for this purpose
from Mr, 1\1cGi 1. It is copied from tbe
ori
inal dor.ument preserved in the Parlia-
mentary Library:
.. Upper Canada.
.. York, 5th May. 1196.
.. Received of John McGill. Esquire. commis-
sary of stores, etc,. for his Majesty's forces in
Upper Canada., for public service ordered by
his Excellency Lieutenant-Governor Simcoe. at
York. One hundred and forty-three pounds
spikes, flfty 'Pounds pitch. thirty-five pounds
oakum. eIght pounds 20d nails. one gra.pna.il.
five inch tarred rope, ninety.eiKbt pounds,
thirt.y pounds bar irOR for bolts. having ex.
pended the same in building and fitting out a
strong boat for the purpose ot transporting
stone tor the Government Hou"e.
.. I have signed three receipt. or same tenor
and date.
.. GEORGE GIBSON:'
This is endorsed:
.. York, stone boat-H3 lbs spikes. 50 Ibs
pitch, 351bs oakum, BIbs 20d nails,l grapnail.
98 lbs 5 in. tarred rope. 30 Ibs bar iron.
.. :May 5th, li96."
About seven weeks later there is a letter,
addressed also to Mr. McGill. referl ing to
the work then proceeding at York, a.nd
sigl'ed by Governor Simcoe himself. It is
in the followin
terms :
" York. 25th June. 1796
., SIR.- You are hereby required and di-
rected to purchase from time 1;0 time euch
quantities of rum as may be r
quisite to
give to the men employed at work in the
water on the wharf aoo ca.nal at York, and
for so doing thia ahall be your order and
authority.
co J. G. SIMCOE.
II John McGill. Esquire.
.. Commissary of Stores. etc."
The
chenectady boata ha.d at this period
by no means become obsolete or C1isappeared,
for in the Gazette of October 26th, 1796.
is an &dverti!ement offering for sale" an
ex
llent fin handed boa.t. Schenectady
built. well painted, allowed to equal any
running to or from tha.t place. Enquire at
the Printing Office, Niagara."
The Mobawk.referred to by Rochefoucault,
was in the November following engaged in
conveying President; Rmisell from Nia.gara
'0 York. This
entleman had
ucceede(i
Governor Simcoe. who had obtainE'd leave of
absence &8 Governor of the province.

LAND
IARKS OF TORO:NTO.

827

The fact has already been referred to that I the province wa.s made upon the most ma.ture
Canada took the lead in building the early reflection. I thert:fore trust that the re-
lIhipliò which sailed upon the lakes. The moval '0 it will neither ha.ve been so sudden
Americans purchaseù a vessel from the nor BO unfore!een as to have occasioned any
British in 1796, known as the Detroit, .nd material impediment to the due courso ot
she plied on Lake Erie. Not, however, until ihe administration of justice, 80S that iB a
the following year (1797) were any American circumstance which should be particuLarly
built: ships afloat either upon Lake Ontario iua.rded against.
or Erie. " In consequence of your representa.tion of
In M&.y ofthe ..me year (1797) we again the necessity of & small armed
es3el bein

hear of the Mohawk, and also of a vessel immediately buitt at Toronto, io be entirely
which has not been referred to before. She under the orders of the civill!;overnment, for
W&S called the Governor Simcoe, constructed the purpose you mention, you are hereby
for the N orth- \\ est Company. the first vessel authorized to build and employ Buch a. vessel,
built for trado upon Lake Ontario, (CannIff, taking care that the same is done in the
p. 149). About the Ba.me time,
he fa
t is moat economical manner,"
mentioned in the Gazette of May TRA. VELLING UNDER DIFFIC'GLTIES.
311>t, there arrived at Niagar. .. a The fo; lowing insta.nce of some of
he diffi.
deck boat, built and owned by cui tics attending travelers at the period to
Colonel John Van Rensselaer, Ðf Laning- which we are referring will prove interest-
burg, on the North River." Tne Gazette ing, It is a notice of the death of Mrs.
proceeds iurther to inform ua that" this Ga.mble, taken from the Toronto Colonist ot
enterprising gentleman l uilt and completed March 10th, 1859. and was written by a
this a.nd one other of the same bigness (fifty
ent.leIr..an who, even &s late as 1833, had ex-
barrels burthen) and conveyed them by high perienced grea1. difficulties, not to say hard-
water to Oswego and arrived there without ships, in his journeying from Quebec t-J To-
injury tbis :Spring. 'They are to ply con- ro.to :-
tinually between Oswego and this place and U Mrs. Gamble continued to reside wi:;h
Kin_ston." her father at
Janp'enille, New Brunswick,
An advertisement dated June 21st, 1797, until 1798, when, her husband ha.ving in the
will prove interesting. It appeared in the meantime been promoted to the sur
eoncy
Gazette of June 28th and reads thus :- of his regiment (the Queen's Rangers), ahe,
" Taken up a Canadian Batteau, She was with her bve daughters, the eldf:st then but
found adrift the 14th inst., on the Lake. is thirteen years of age, accompa.nied by her
now well secured and the owner may know father and a sister, tl.scendeà the River St.
where she may be found by applying to the John in a bark canoe, crossed the portage
printer and paying costs,.' The Mohawk by Temiscouata. to the Riviere du Loup
continued to ply throughout this year upon came up the St. -La.wrence and joined Dr.
the lake between the ports of Kingston, Ga.mble, then with his regiment in e:arrison
08\
ego, Niagara and York, but we learn at York."
fr\Jm the Gazette of December 2nd, that On March 8th, 1798. Sa-rouel Hurst, of
.. :Fears for the fate of the Mohawk a.re en- New&rk, a.dvertises in the Gazette as folloY'rs:
tertained by sever.l persons. It is said "Taken up, some time last faU, in the
minute I!uns were distinctly beard through mouth of the Niagara River, by the sub-
most, of Thursday last, bu' we hope it has scriber, a three-h.nded Schenectady boat.
Buffered no farther than being driyen ba.ck The owner, by proving hia propertyanti
to Kinistou." It is also lea.rned from tbe paying the expense, may have her by apply-
Bame source that the Onondago, which has ing at l\lr. Forsyth.s s
ore in tbis town."
been previously referred to, had been A little Jat
r, on April 6th, i' is recorded
aground in Hungry ßa.y but ha.d got off how Mr. John McEwen and tWC!I others, in
safely. trying to reacb their sloop lying in the river
Theso fear! were not wholly groundless, (Niagara), were drowned. The name of thtt
for.. day or two later the Simcoe a.rrived Got vessel is not given.
Niagara, with the intelligence that the Mo- On tbe 19th of the following May the
hawk had encountered ø. hea.vy storm, in schooner Simcoe, under the comma.nd of
'\f hich sh" was par1.ial1y dis.bled, losing her Captain Murney, a.rrived at Niagara from
bowsprit and moat of her sails. KingstoB with t.he intelligence" that up-
In Au
.et there was & pro!>>os.l to place.. wards of a hundred houses ill tbe lower
gunboat on York. hø.rbour. A let'er in the proviuce have been carried away ",ita. tbe
Simcoe papers in the Archives Department ice this Bpriul!:." \Ve shall have occasion to
at Ottawa, written by Cel, Arnold to Pre- refer to Captain )) urney later'.
8ident Russell, dated Aug. 21, li97, aays :- Five days after this, on ,Ma.y 2,(tb, we find
... TIM aelection of York for the c.pitalof a. sloop IIoIlvertised for slÙe. Here is the

828

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

adTertbement &II it appea.red v
rbatim et
lit-eratim,

"TO BE SOLD.
II On the at.ocks at the Bay of Long Point at
any time before the 28th of June next, a GOOD
8LOOP. readT for launching. in good order and
warranted BOund and masterly built. She is
framed of the best black walnut timber. 38
tuna burthen. and calculated for carr.ring tim-
ber. \\'ith her will be sold her rig-Jdng and
t
kle compleat. She wiil be sold by consent of
Mr. Troyer. and a good tiUe with ,,'arranty

iven on the sale. The conditions are for cash
only, one half down ami the other in three
months, with approved securÏt)' for payment.
,. "'M. DEALY,"
.. I approve of the above. J. '1'nOYEH."
A toot note is appended informing D
alY'8
creditors that to ensure payment of their
accounts tbey must be duly rendered before
,Iune 28th.
Xo Gazette was issued either on June 9th
or 16th, but in the number that appeared
on the 23rd the public are briefly and curtly
told tha.t " the Gazette Dot appearing last
week was unavoidaLle."
On Octo bel' 27th follo\Vin
this, we learn
of the death by drowning of
lr. Cornwall.
This a.ccident WAS caused by the upsetting
of his boa.t nenr the garrison at York.
In the paper iSl!!ued November 24th there
is .. para.gzaph referrillg to rec
nt storms
upon th ,la.ke. It ill ,,"orth quoting in its
enti! ety, quaint spelling and phraseology in-
cluded.
.. Durill
the late heavy gales of wind
which we ha.ve had, a vessel loaded with
sundry goods wall drove on shure at, the

issis!'laque Point at Newark, and another
vessel belonging to this town was drove on a
place called the · Ducks' whel'e she receiv-
ed considerable damaie. York, November
2-1. "
The place referred to as .. The Du('ks" is
also mentioned by Rochefouca.ult as being a
da.ngerous point for navigo.tors.
The Gazette. under date 80* York, Novem-
ber 29th. 1798, announces irom an English
source .. the very gratifying informa.tion of
an action baving taken place between Ad-
mirai Nelson &nd tbe French fleet on their
return from Alexanùria.. in which the Bri-
tish were happily victorious. II This was
headed" Glorious, Glorious News !" and the
!UIoPH concludeI.' the IloCcount of the action,
which It give. in full, together with a list of
tbe killed and wounded, tbus :-" In conse-
quence of the above important inte1li
ence a

.lute \\ as fired yeaterday at5o'clock p. m, from
tDe garrison, a.nd in the evming a. general
illumination throughout the town took place
on the happy occ .sion. II
The iollowiDI paragraph, showing how
difficult were tbe means of communication
at this time throughout tbe proy-ince, ap-
pears in t1'e Gnzdtt, da.ted "York, Satur.

day, April 13th, 1799 " .. We a.nticipated
more interesting ma.tt
r than i. contained in
our sheet of this week, but in consequence

f the non-arrivals by water from Newark
(Niagara) and the irregularity of the con-
veyance by Ja.nd,notbing important bas come
to hand, The Gazette la.bors at present
under the grea.test possible disadvanta.ge for
waut of a regular conveyance between this
place and Newark."
- The paper goes on to ßay thø.t ita 0\\ ners
entertain .. an anxious hope" tbat better
things will soon prevail.
GOVERNOR HUNTER ARRIVES,
On Au;ust 16th, 1799, the newly appoint-
ed Govet.llor, hIS Excellency Peter Hunter,
arrived at York on the IK:hooner Speedy.
He sailed from thence to Niagara on
the 29th of the same month, but
we a.re !,i ven no information as to
the na.me of the ship conveying him,
thou
h it was probably the Speedy, Mr.
Hunter remained at Niagara until Septem-
ber 8th, when he a.gain set sa.il, thill time
for Kingston. As in his previous short
journey, the paper does not name tIle ship
on which he eml arked. A very few day.
la.ter, on September 14th, this advertise-
ment a.ppear.,; prominently in the Gazette:
II The Toronto Yacht. Captain Baker, will. in
the course of a few days, be ready to ma.ke her
first trip. Sbe is one ot the handsomest. vessels
ûf her &ize that ever swam upon the Ontario,
and if we are permitted to judge from her ap-
pearance and t.o do her justice. we must ea,.
she bids fail' to be one of the swiftest 8ailing
vessels, She is admira.bLy well calculated for
the reception of passengers, and eaÐ wltb pro-
priety boast of th6 most experienced officers
and men. Hor master builder W8.8 a Mr. Deni-
Bon, an American, on whoUl she refiect8 much
honor. ..
" Mr. Denison" is a misprint for Dennis,
a gentlem.n of whom we shall have much
more to say hereafter, It is to be regretted
that no illformation is
iven IWI to \\ here
the Toronto Y...cht was built aud launched,
nor 80S to her rlimcnsionø and tonnage, On
November 3\Jth. the Gazetú chronicles the
dea.tb of .. raftsman upon the Don by falling
from his ra.ftinto the river. it; adds ti..at "his
his remains were in terred in Ma.50nic order."
'rhe la.st day. of the year a.ppe&l' to have
been very stormy, for we lear. from the
Constellation of December 7th, II. pa
r pub-
lishL'ld in Niagara.. tha.t " OR l'hunday 11\8t,"
this would be on Novembe-r 29th, "a. boot
a.rrived here from
chenectady, which place
she !eft on the 2"lnd ult. She passed the York,
sticking on a rock off the Devil'.
N ole; no prospect of
etti
her off. A
small deck. boat ..Iso, .be reports, lately
sprung a l
ak .twelve miles dis1,ant from
06wego. The pf'ople on board, many of
whom were pa.s8engerll, were ta.ken off by a

LAKD}JARKS OF TORONTO.

829

veøeel pa.ssing, when she instan'l} s..nk; I befo
e th
Board! un
i
w!Üch time the
cargo is all lost, " cODslderat.lOn of this petitIon IS deferred.
The same papers refer to two other vessels. A week later pressing reference is made
ll&lnely, the Gt:nuee ..nd the Pe
J', both by advertisement to a vessel called the
schooners. 'J he former appea.rs to have been Ducae5s of York. but no particulars are
more than a month in accomplishing the dis- given respecting her.
t&noo bet.weel\ Oawego and Niagara, having The schooner York, which we have men'
.. been driven ba.ck by hcavy g..les." The tioned 80S being the first Ca.nadian merchant
latter vessel, the p, ggy, was owned, in part vessel, hacl, as we have just
eel.l, encounter-
at least, ..t York (Toronto). The referen
e ed a se\'ere storm on the 29th of November.
mad.e to her is contained in an advertise- and was grounded near the mouth of the
ment running thuo; :- Geneva river. She became a total wreck,
.. For sale, one moiety of the well-known and went entirely to pieces.
schooner Pegç-y. ADT recommendation of her . '"'
ß8.ilir.a- or accommodation will be unnecessary. At the end of thIs year (l, 99) a callua!
With these particulars the pub
ic are well reference is made to a Government sloop,
acqualnt.ed. and .the 1Jurchase
will .no doubt I known M the TerrahoCTa. She was little
3atlsly hunself wIth personal 1Dspe.:tIon. For k 'd fi
d h .
terms of sale apply to the executor a.ad exe- .no\\ n && we never n er agam men-
cutrix." boned.
The Peggy had been held, as many ships I In the first da.ys of the present century

LOSS OF THE YORK,

are in the present day, in ahares, and this I the Gazette of April 26th, May 2nd and 10th,
moiety offered for sale Was part of "the conta.ined this notitica.tioll :
eetate of Thomas Berry, merchant, of York, .. Sheriffs Offices. York,
deceased. April 18, 1800.
.. Home District, to wit :
Compla.in
was mad. even in the
e early.. By virtue of a writ of :fieri facia.s, at the suit
days of excesaive port charge", for we find of Peter Vanalstine. againlilt the goods IUld
th..t Capt. .;os. Kendrick, of the Peggy, chattels of .Abner Miles to me directed. I have
signed a.nd t&ken in execution one-third share
protested to th. .Executiye Council, and in of the schooner Jemima. or Gcncsce packet, &8
the Simcoe papers in the archives a' Otta.W& belonginK to tBe >>a.id Ahner Miles,"
is tbe following from the minutes of the The advertisement proceeès to say that
council, this share will be sold on the sixteenth of
Minute of Council, 6th A'U{1'.l-'1t, 1799. the followiug June to the hi!:{hest. biJder. IE;
Read, the memorial of Joseph Kendrick, c?ncludes by enjoining
ll persons who ha.ve
ma.ster of the schooner Peggy, complaining any lien upon the ves-'!el to at once notify
r;hat the port charges from this t.own to the fact to the sherift'o It ill signed, "Alex-
Niagara are too hi({h for ISo vessel of her anùer McDonell, Sheriff."
tonnage, etc. On
I ay 17th we are i.formed that "OR
Recommended, tha.t a. tahle oft.he cha.rcres Thursday evening last His }!
xcenency. Peter
ma.l1e . . the entry of vellaels and cra.ft of"'a.ll Hunter, Esq., Lieutenant-Governor of thi.
kinds Ly the sop.riDtendents of the several province, arrived in our hArbour on loa.rd
porta on this Bond the Upper Lake be laid the Toronto. ..

830

LANDM.A RKS OF TORONTO.

where the batteaux from Montreal resort.
must be & town of some consequence, though
it is incapable of defence, unless on a
system beyond an propriety. It cannot
under present cireaDlstancef' be ot very
grea.t importance, It hu ut<tnishingly
increaseQ since \be t:6tablishmeni of the
Governm.,nL .
" In the upper part of the pro't'ince on lAke
Ontario, the best hr.rbou ia the.t of Toronto
or York. A communioaiion between this
place and Lake Huron hAs been explored,
which may be of the utmost commercial and
military adYanta
e to the province ..
In the first year of this century there wa.s
conøtcucteJ in l11e township of M&r,\ sburgh,
. sbort distance west of the Stone mills, ""
schooner of Borne celebrity. h was built by
Captain Murney, father of the late Hon. Ed-
wa.rd .Murney, of Belleyille. CaptslD Mnr-
ney came to KingBton, in 1797, loti the
solicita.tion of Mr, .JO!eph Forsyth, It was
constructed for himself, and wa.s made al-
together of red cedar,. kind of wood form-
erly very pleontiiul alo
the bay, and which
possesses a most a.greeable odor, and is ex.
tremely durable. Th6 y,'essel was na.med
the Prince Edward. John Clark, of Dal-
housie, says of tbia ve,;!!el, thai he was on
board. tbe following year 01 her building, and
tha.t ßhe WIUI a "BWl.unch, ,ood ship, with
an able captain." Her lize was sufficient to
allo'N 700 barrels of flour to be BtOWed be-
neath her hatches, She ran upon Lake On-
tario for many years, anl\ made for her owner
a sma.ll fortune. She was in <<ood col1dition
in 1812, and was employed by Govet'nment
as an armed vessel. A Ichooner called
Print:e Edward. probably tDe same, Captain
Young. wal the first YfJlYlel to land at the
pier when erected at W ellÏD
ton. (Canniff,
p. 153.)
In the same year, 1800, we learn from the
source from which we have juet quoted,
tbat ., a achooner of 100 tons was brought
to Clifton, and during the winter of 1801.
.be crossed by the portagE: road on immense
cunner. 10 Queenston, where she again found
her native eì.ement in the Niagara river."
She was in 1804 lost in brioginl Do car
o to
Respecting the lake harbor! there is the Niagara, with all on boa-d.
following in the Simcoe pa.pers :- On .May 16th, 1801, the Toronto again
.. Re. York, Joh71slotlJ1l. and Kingllton. arrives at York, carryinl; the Lieutenant
Ie 1')ae situation of two tDwnlii Be6ms to haye Governor, who was to open Pa.rliameut on
been properly laid out i. the eastern part the 28th of the Bame month,
of the Province, the one being where the N!:LSON'S DANISH VICTORY.
rapids end, called Cornwall, and the other On June 13th is this aBDOUnCE'men':
at 1ihe termination of the ship nayiga.tion of .. Last Monday," tha.t would be on .J une
tbe lakes, nea.r the island of Liyy. named 8th, "was a day of uni
er&&! rejoicing in
Johnstown. t.his town, occasioned by tho arrÏ\'al of the
" Kin!!ston, at the mouth of the St. Law- J l1ews of the splendid victory gained by Lord
renee,
ing the be-at harbour for the ship- Nelson over the Danel! in Cop
nha.gen
ping at this end of tbe lake, and the place Rea-de, on the 2nd of April ì.ast, "

In the Gautte of September 6th appear.
tbis somewhat amusing apology from the
printers of the pa!>er: '" \Ye hope to be ex-
cused for the badness of the qU&1ity of the
paper we are obliged this day to print on,
owing to the non-arriyal of the vessel, which
has our new supply of t.hat article on board
and which we daily expect."
AN INTERESTING SCHEDULE.
The followin2 return of lake shipping .i
the close oflast century is of interest; :

I I
E ' H d I
Ontario 'C3 rIC. tlron an
.
M1Cbiga.n. I

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00; ;000
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Con 0000:

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'<

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

831

On August 29th following, we are ap- " I, Peter Hunter, Eflquire, Lieutenant;
prised by the Gazette of Mr. William Governor of this Province, do her-eby de-
AIIa.n's appointment as "Collector of clare and appoint that in addition to the
du\ies Pot this Dort (York) for the Home Ports of Entry and Clearance established by
Dustrict."
and \mder the authcrity of a. certain '},ct."
In the Nia.gara Ht:raZà of J anua.ry 18th, The document then proceeds t,) quote this
1802, appears tbe following paragraph: act and to define the loca.lity of the new
_" The sloop Mary Ann will sail from this ports in these words: "The placd
town (Niagara) 08 first favorable day." In ht'reinafter described !lnd specified, tbat
addition there was the velisel known as is to say: * .. · on
Skinner's :s oop. \Ve learn "through a the west bank of the river Gananoque,
private letter from Captain Æneas Mac- in the Township of Leeds, in the County of
doneil to Ensign Chiniquy, dated York Leeds, in the Dish ict of Johnstown, ..t or
Garrison,28th March, 1802, of the receipt of neat" the place whflre the said river
a budget of news by Skinner's Sloop. ., St. La1l"rence * * * and
(Scadding, p. 527). on the north ba.nk of the rinr
On March 30th, 1802, Levi Willard ad ver- Chippa.wa, in the township of St&mford, in
tises in the Gazette that he .. will run a boat th., county of Lincoln, in the district of
from York to the head ofthelake once a week. Nial"ara., near to the Lridge over the said
The first departure will be from York, the last mentioned river. shall from the four-
31st instant, and from the head of the lake teenth day ot February next, severally and
on Saturdø.,. every week," This ad vertise- respecti vely be a.nd the same are lIy these
ment continues in several successive num- presents proclaimed to be ports and places
bers. of entry and clearance, for all goods a.nd
In the Gazette, published on May 15th of merchandize, brought in\o this province
the same' year, we again have the intelJi- from the United Stø.tes of America."
gence of the GtJverDor's arrival at York, and, The document conclud
by again quoting
as in the two precedin
yea.rs, he came 011 the act of Pa.rliament, under which it is
the Toronto, after a remarkably quick pas- issued and then is signed "By His Excel-
sa
e from Quebec of nineteen days I I lency's Command. \Villia.m J
rvis. Secre-
Travelling at this period both by land tary."
and la.ke was a widely different matter from On the 14tb of .MayfoHowing the Goverl1-
wha.t it is now. There are many living who ment schooner Duke of Kent, an.iTed at
C&11 remember, and remember '" ith a øhud- York from Kingston, conveying lit detach-
del', ..-bat its discomforts were less than ment of troops. Thie is the first mention
fifty years ago. Long after the Upper Pro- we have of this vessel. On June 25th,
vince had been aetiletl it was an underta.k- the Gazette tells its reader.
ing of no small magnitude to accom- tha.t the Lieutena.nt - Governor witit.
plish a jourl1ey. alloY from New his !-uite, will sail that day fCCJm York
York to Kingston or York. WritE!rB for Quebec, via. King,ton, and on July 29$h
who are presumably well acquainted tbe same paper ref.rs &g&in to the aninI in
with tbe subject, relø.te how travellers were York harbour of th. Ichooner Duke of Kent.
six weeks in accomplishin
the distance In the Gazette of November 26th theJ.'. is
between Albany and the BAY of Quinte. this notice :-" Ii is currently reported, and
Other instances are given of families we are sorry to a.c1d with every appeaz-ance
being.. moniih on their journey from New of foundø.tion, that; iIM sloop L:1dy Washing-
Jersey to the sa.me settlement. ton, commanded by Captain
lulTa.y, was
Compare such inconveniences with the lately lo
t IU a gale of wind near Oswego, on
comf
rta obtainable in 1893. A traveller her passage to .Ñiagara. Pieces gf the wreck
ca.n dme in New York on one Sunday and and hef' boat, by which sh. wa.. reco'tnized,
in Liverpool on the one following. He oan together with several other articles, are said
breakfast in Toronto. ha.ve his lunch, say to have been picked up. It is yet uncert&in
at Buffalo, .and. a late dinner in New York, whether the crew anå p&ssengen were DVed.
or he. can dine lD Toronto at a late hour one Among the lattf-r were Messieurs Dunn and
evenmg and breakfast in Montreal at a Boyd, of NÌ&
II.!'a."

olera.bly ea.rly hour on the followiJig morn- The ves.lel just referred to wa.s the Drí!t
lD
. AmericlfoU craft }milt (}n Lake Erie. She was
In the Ga:ette, published February 5th, constructed at Four Mile Creek, near Erie,
1803, there IS a proclamation from His Ex- Pa., in 1797. For OIle seasoo onl,. alse
cellency, the Lieuteu&d Governor, Peter sailed on Lake Erie. Slae was then sold to
Hunter, Eaq., constituting two additional a Canadian. who took bel' on wheels rouBd
pla4;:es a.ø port.! of entry in the followina' the Falls from Caippawa to Qv.eenatoL
terms :- D 1'here she w&s re2ístered &Ii .. Briüab. veeaet.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

832

her namp. being changed from Wasbin!l:ton to
lAdy Washington.
YORK'S PIONEER MERCHANT.
The bueih8S8 hindrance. r.rismg from the
delay or non-arrival of expected vessels
1iave pr.1'viously been referred to Auother
instance of it is given in the advertisement
pn h1 i!Ohed in the Gazette of December 10th.
1803, by Mr. Quetton Si. George, where,
a.1t6r t'xplainin
that he had lost a. large
quantity of goods through the founderi g
of the Lady W uhington l 11e thua expresses
110 his cu-1Iomers his regret for their
iailnre k> receive their supplies :-
.. Mr. Si.. George is v
ry Eorry that he
has no' received bis Eas' India goods and
grocerie8. .He i. sure they are at 0$" ego.
and should tItey not arrive this season,"
taat is beîore the navigatioa of the barbor

osed for tbe winter, .. they mayo" the ad-
vertiat:ment conclude-'1, H be looked for early
.. the epring. JJ
The Oa.ztJM of the 8arne date also gives a
table of expt'rte and importlJ at Quebt;c for
1I1e year 1803. It is to be regretted the
quanti tie : enly are eiven, not the values.
'\n on
t\ae exportB are 14,984 barrels of
flour and 37!.5:
3 bushflls of whea. a large
quantit.f of salted beef, pork and fish, aix
ke
of tobacco, also the same qU&lltity of
C'...anadl\ brl.lum, and a lar..!e consignment of
8arsaparilla. Timber, rough and prepared,
:t:orms, as wa.s to be expected, tbe chief arti-
cle of expori, although it Ï8 nearly equalled
by furs, among -which WI\S the enormous
n.mber of 207,219 deer skins.
Among the imports of the dutiable ani.
des &nI 5 173 puncheons of rum, 103"
556 minots oha-l1;. 17,172 packs of playing
oards a.nd last but; bv no means least 210
cases of N oyean. .
Jlavigation mU3t have opened late in 1804:
!er not until the 2"2nd of May is there any
intelligence in the Ga-.etl
respecting the
vessele on the lake. Even then
the inform 1 tion is most meagre. The
fM:t is merely recorded that upon thai date
the Lieutenant.('.-Qvernor and auite aailf'd
from Y!lrk to KiogHton on their wa.y to
Quebec. They returned to York on August
29th folJowin
. Terrible Itorms and floods
devastated the country early in
ep-
tember and the River Credit rose to
8uch a height that the Indian camp was
iloodNl. its inhabitants barely e!!C ping with
Uleir lives and losing al1 their canoes and
anna But a stili worse .torm tooK place
(;ar1:t' in the nen month, reBnIting in the
total Iou of the Government echooner
S-peedy. 'lhe Oa.zále narra.tes tht: atory
tn. :-
.. 'The !Speedy, Cap ain O. Paxton, left
ihis pori on
.Dda, evening. the 7th of

Octoberlast, Yo itb a moderate breeze from
tbe N \V., for Presque Isle, and was descri-
ed off that lela.nd on ,he
jond..y
followlUg Defore dark. where prepara-
tions were made for the reception
of thtt passengers, but the wind coming
round from the N. E. blew ",'ith such vio-
lenc" as to render it impossible for her to
enter the harbor, and very sbortly after she
disappeared. A large fì' e .&.11 then kmdled
on shore as a J!uide to the 'Yt'8Ml during the
night, but she has not since bee1\ seen 01'
heard of, and it is with the moet painful
sensations we have to aay ..... fear IIhe ..
tota.lly lost."
A SAD STORY.
The paper goes on to 8&Y that eaquiry
had been made at all the l.ke ports, but ne
information could be obt,<Íned about the
ship excepting that a mast, compass-box:
IIond hen-coop, known to ha.ve belonged te
her, hatt br-eD f(Jund on the beach at the
opposite side of the lake. Ùn board the
Speedy were a.moß
ethel's, Mr. J uatice
Cochrane,
lr. Robert J. D. Gray, Solicitor
General; Mr. Angus McDonell, Advocate,
and a member of the House of Aesembly;
Mr. John Fi&k, Hi
h Constable of York, ana

Ir. George Covian, who
a8 an Indian in-
terpre,er,
.. These
entlemen 1\-ere," tbe Gazètte goC8
on, " proceeJing to the district of N ew-
castle, in order to hold the Circuit, ø.nrl for
the trial of an Indian, (also on board the
Sppedy), indicted Íor the mur.ier of Joh.
:--harpe, late of the Queen'. Rangers. II The
sad story concludes by sayi, 2 that it
is feared othere, whose n&.mes were
unknown, had also perished, and.
that the total lo
s of life amount-
ed to twenty souls, In the b.'st iðsue of the
Gazette, in Do1cember, 1804, tbere is 80 refer-
ence made to the schooner P(:ggy. She hold
brought a valuable cOllsignment of goods foe
QueLton St, Georgtt, and that enterprising
gentleman iniorm!! his patrons that .. they
will close his 8l!pply for this ycar," We
may cDnclude, tberefore, that thou
h
navigation ha.d opened late in the
8eason of 1804, it had not made up for it
by cloling early. ï'hc imports amI exports
at Quebec for 1804. excepting in wheat, de
not øhow any very great differences froM
those of the preceding year, Amongt,he 1att.er
are 200,043 bushels of wbeat. a decrease of
no less than 172,490 bushels, but there is a
Tery considel'able increue in oats and
bø.rlev There is, too, a considerable
augmenta.tion in the nu "ber of deer 8kin8
exported. They exceed by mOI
than 41,000
those shipped the yea.r preTivusl,. Amon

the dutiable imports there is an incre&8e i.
the qua.ntity of rum. but tbe num.,er of

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

8:
3

packs of pla}ing ca.rds decreases .exa.ctly
3,000 pac ,8. In salt.
, there 111 a de-
crea.se of more than 9,000 mmots. ßut the
Canadians were less luxurious in 1804 than in
its predecessor, for tbe importation of
Noveau is conspicuous by its absence.
The records of shipping for 1805 .re very
barren. The arriva.l at York and departure
of the Lieutenans-Governor for Kingston and
Quebec is noted without any informatlon as
to the means he employed to transport him-
self from place to p1ace. Only in November
is 'here a casual reference made to the
Toronto Yacht. She had apparently been
lying near the Garrison, fOl. "e learn from
.e Gazette of Noyember 16
h that" a boat
pit off from her to the rescue of some per-
soas in danger of drowning, who had beeG
ßt)Set from a boat bound from the Credit to
Tøronto," and which had been. to quote the

tte, "overset near the G3.rrisoD .
the
enkance of this (York) Harbor." Despite
aU. exertions though, one person and nearly
aU the car
o, were lost. The officer in com-
ma.ad of the Toronto Yacht "as Capt. Earl.
DEA.TH OJ' NELSON.
The Gazette, publi3hed January 11th,
}806, contains the followmg paragra.phs :-
" As the public curiosity has teen lately
M08ider.bly excited by a report of Lord
Nelson's having falJen in with and úbtained
a victory over the combiaed French and
Spanish fleet, with the 1088 of hillife, we pub-
li8h the following letter, with which we have
t>een politely favored (dated 29th December),
received by a gentleman in Niagara. The
paper then cautions its readers aiainst plac-
ia
too much reliance on the letter, and
pi:oceeds to give its contents, which ran
..ws :-
U I hasten to Jet you know that we have
received direct information from Albany
tà.a.t Lord Nelson has fallen in with the com-
bined fleet, taking nineteen, sinking two,
blew up one, and leven got a"ay. T"o ad
mirals (French) and ene Spanish taken
prisoners. Lord Nelson W&ll shot with
a. musket ball through the breast and killed.
No other officer of distinct.ion on either side
was lost. · * * * Lord N elson'lI fleet
coulisted of twenty'seven. It was spoken
of a.s certain in Albany."
By a Gazette extraordinary, dated January
20th following, the news just referred to W&l
fGUy confirmed. On the same date the
Pre6ident, Alexander Grant, Esquire, order-
ed a salute to be fired in honor of the vic-
tory by the troops in York ga.rrison. The
following letter, copied from the origina.l
4Ioewnent and addrebsed to the commissary
of stores, will be read with interest ;_
"YORK, 20th January, 1806.
"Sm,-You will please issue to Sergeant

Robert Hadden. of tbe Royal Artillery, one
barrel of "un pow leI' to be used in firing .
royalsalutie in honor of the aigna.l and
glo
ious victory, obtt.ined by the
British fleet under Lord Nelson,
over the com bined fleeLoJ of France
and Spain, at the entrance of "he straights
(sic) of Gibralta.r on the 21131; of O
tober
lut, and on !iuch other aervices as may be
occasionaJIy required, and for which Ser-
geant Hadden is hereafter to aceouftt.
The Hon. John McUilI, Alex. Gran
,
"Commissary of Stores. President. "
Later, on February 15th, the Gautt",
refers to the loss of a boa
piying betweea
Oswego and Sandy Creek, near the mouth
of the Salmon river, when four people lost
their live!!. Still later, Oft June 14th. the
Gazette prints a request. I. That no person
will draw IIWdld or pass with loa.ded wag,ons
or carts over the new bridge or fka.t at the
opening of the Don river," and then pro-
ceeds to explain "thIS source of communi.
cation, was intended merely 1iO accommo-
dale the inhabitants of the town in a walk
or ride to
he Island."
. Among other notices that appea.r in the
Gazette of May 16th, 1807, is one appointing
"Joseph Chiniquy, ERquire, Collector of
Customs a.t the ports of St. JOleph .nd St-
Mary." By. Idter of Governor Gore,
written in the following August, we learn
that líhe scboonó!r Toronto had me' with an
accident, of what partieular nature we are
not informed. We a.lso see that even those
who held such prominent positIOns u his,
were compelled-even at this period to have
recourse to batteaux in proceeding fro..
place to place.
NEPTUNE CONQUERS 1'rIA.P..s.
The Lieutenant-Governor, writing front
Kingston, 2.ith August, 1807. saY:1 :-
"We arrived here (Kingston) yesterday
after. passage of forty-
ight hours. .Mrs.
Gore suffered very much from sickneJs and
the ga.llant major was nea.r giving up the
ghost, As for myself I never was more
hearty in my life." He is on his way to
,M,ontreal and proceeds to add ;-"1 have
got two battea.ux a.nd shall start at ten
o'clock to-morrow, and hope to be with you
at furthest on the 17th of next momh. II
In the latter portion of his letter he refers
thus to the recent accident to the Toronto
Yacht, "1 am vexed to hear of the Toron-
to'l disaster. For GOll's sake let us avoid a
second Speedy affair."
Unfortuna:ely, there was yet another
acc dent to thill same
essel, for OD October
17th follo"ing tbe Gazette brie6y chronicles
the event. It occurred on her pa.s.u.ge be.
tween NIagara and Toronto, ca.using her to
put back to the former pon. At thil time

834

LAND:\IA RKS OF TORONTO.

the meaus of communication throughout the
province must have ht"en. both by land and
\\ater. in a most primitive condition, for
almost each number oÏ the Gau.tte contains
complaints about the nou-arrival of various
articles required by the publishers. Thi.
important announcement is made in the
Gazette of
larch 16th. 1808:
" It is with pleasnre \f e inform the public
that ,he dangers to vessels navigating Lake
Únt ,rio will in a ireat measure be avoided
hy the erection of a lIghthouse on Gib-
ra.ltar Point, which is to be immediately com.
pleted in compliance with an address of the
House of ASl:!embly to the Lieutenant-
GOVf'rnor."
It has been stated on, perhaps. somewhat
doubtful authority that(\, lighthouse had been
commenced at this place in 1799, or eTen a
year earlier. also t,hat the schooner Moha\'t'k
had been employed in carrying stone from
Niagara for Luilding purposes, and that
building had begun. This m 'y have been
so, .but the undertakin2 must ha.ve been of a
private nature, and never came to anything.
The Act for the establishment of light-
house!l at hIli Forest, nea.r Kingston, at
-
lississaga Point. near NÜIogar.. and ..t
Gibraltar Point, opposite York. was not
pa.si>ed until 18U3, and there is no record of
any advantage having bMn taken of its pro-
vi8ions until this year. 1808. By this Act
the maintenance of the li1.hthouses is pro-
vided for bY' levying a toll of threepence
per tOD (this would be Halifax cllrrency,
equivalent to five cents) "on every TeBsel,
boat. raft or other craft of ten tons burthcn
or upward
'"doubling the point named. in-
ward bouud.
\Ve hear of two new Te'3seIs thil year,
namely, the Elizabeth and the Governor
Simcoe, 'i hey were built by J udsze Rich..rd
Cartwright, the fint for himself and the
lIecond for the North \\ est Company. to re-
pJ..ce one similarly named that ha.d become
worn out and who'ie advent we have already
mentioned. These schooners were built and
launched at Miasiesaga Point. at the mouth
of the river Cataraqui. .
In the Gazette of April 7t.h followin&,
there is . reference ma.d. to the IIchooner
Mary Ann havin
sailed from Kingaton on
the 3rd or 4th inat. "with an elegant aaeort-
ment of fasbionable printed cottons ..nd cali-
coes," aad that her ..rrival at York ia duly
expected. The Toronto Yacbt was fairly
busy in the latter end of 1808 conTeyin
the
Governor to and from Niag..ra and York.
There also appe..ra '0 haTe been a schoon-
er on Lake Erie at this time known as the
Camden, for in the Gazette of July 30th re-
f.rence is made to the Lieutenant Gover-
a.or'. return from a journey to Amherltburg

and Sandwich. lIe is saiù to have returned
to York by Lake Erie "on board the Cam-
den, having had rather a tedious passage of
seven days and blowing ad,-erøe weather."
Navigation closed early in IS0S, for on
December 14th the Gazette announces that
in consequence of the 8uspension of out
water communication with Niaszara at ti:e
present lea:;,on .. the day oC publication
would in future be \Vednesday. instead of
Saturday, as heretofore. I' This year is re-
markable not only as being the firs' in which
the provisions of the Lighthouse Act were
enforced, but "leo as being the l&llt yet.!' in
which the navigation of the Canadian rivpI'li
and lakes was compasse:l solely by sailing
Yeseels. The introduction of steam power,
then threatenell,became an accomplisht:d fact
in 1809, and as tha.t year marks a new era in
the life (If our Canadian r.1arine thø
second portion of the history of that
senice closes at this period,

CHAPTER CCXXXIX.

Six Eventful Year
-TI'e t'lr"t Stt'sm '-e!il'
.ell-The War or 181'l and tbe Battles VII.
tbe Lakea-IHe9-1:;'
The six years from the beginning of 1809
to tbe n.w year of 1815 form one of the mos'
interesting periods in Canadian history.
They were marked by the first introductIOn
of steamboat n"vi
ation on inland W3.ters in
Cana.da. and aleo by the occurrencf' of one
of the most fiercely waged wars and hotly
c ntel'1ted bs.ttlcs both by land and sea tha'
England has ever been enga.
ed in in con-
junc
ion with any of h.r dependencies. The
first steambo..t th..t ever Hoalied on anv
waters or in any country c\ppeared on
the ,,=reat River Hudson, in the United
States, in the year 1807. 'j he second sailed
on Canadian waters in 1809, from and to
Canadian ports. Canndfthus describee both
vesee18 :-
"The River Hudson. named a.fter the
naTigator of that name, who ascenùeù this
splenrlid stream-call.d by the native In-
dians · The Great Ri't'er of Mountain8 '-in
1609. has the honour of being the plllce
whereon floated the first steamboat \hat
existed in the world. Th. boat was laUl
h,
ed in the year 1807. beinK named Clermont.
It was of 150 tons burden. Th. engiue was
procured from BirminJ{ham. Robert Ful-
ton, of New York. thoul?h not the origina.
tor of steam power, was the first in America
whe directed it to the propelling of boats.
Fulton, the pioneer in boats by steam, liyed
Dot 10nJl: enough to eee accomplilhtld the
Irand end of propelling beau aerOM the
Atlantic 1.hus. He died in 1815. The
secoud steamboa.t built in America wal
launched in Montreal 3rd November. 1809.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

835

built by John Molson, It wa. called Ac- somewhat chilled; strong head wind; stuck
commodation, and p
ied between Montreal cloae to our dear lodgin'll un
il eij:tht, when
and Quebec. At the firøt trip it carried ten 'he wind abated, and we duck to our oars
paslenger. from Montreal '0 Quebec, taking till about eleven o'elock, when we made
thirty-six hours, The whole city of Quebec GrÏndstone leland, weary and very hungry;
ca.me out to see her enter th.e harbour. The eat a hearty dish of "sapon" and milk;
fare was eLht dollars down and nine up." rested a.bout an hour j sei off for Briton's
Of the vessels upon the lakes in 1809 and tavern on the American shore, where we 801'-
1810 there a.re scarcely any record>>. rived abo
t 4 p. m., the wa.ter being en-
There 19'&8 the Bella Gore, in the latter tirely calm; haò no' b6en on Ihore ten
year under the command of Captain minute., 8S 'tood luck would have i', before
Sander., runninl between N;a.gara, we encaged a p&Ssage for Cornwall in a
York and Kingston. Another, com- Durh..m boat, and a breeze coming up
manded by Captain Grace, the name of directly from tbe south, onr American bo..ts
which was not I':inn, ran between the same immediately hoisted sa.il and proceeded about
ports; while yet a tqird plied between York thirty miles, when the wind changed, and we
and Niagara, commanded by Captain Conn, put mto a ba.y on Grenadier Island, about
..nd from some peculiarity in her shape often nine in tbe eyening; ate some lupper at .
spoken of as Captain Conn'. coffin. The honse owned by Mr. Baxter; spreal} a sail
difficultie. experienced in trAYelling from upon the floor, and tMlvea boatme,} and four
one portion of Canad" to another in _hose pa.ssengers camped down øefore the fire j in
days can hardly be eYen imagineci by the the morning I felt my bone. as thou
h they
youne:er generation of Canadian!!!. They a.re h..d been lyin
on the 110ft side of a hard.
accustomed to regard a trip to i\lontreal in rough floor. April 8-Head wind .till;
a Pullman cr.r or one of th. floating pala.ces wished myself either at Kingst.on or Mon-
of tbe lake as a luxury rather than a toil, treal. April 9-Still ø. head wind; mUllt
yet this is a description (contained in "Can- take it aa it comes; reading and writing the
niff'a Upper Canada") of wh.,.t travelling order of the day; lot 7 po m. hoisted sail; at
W&8 here only three-quarters of a century 1 Lm. arrived at a house on the Canada
since. He au.ys ;- shore, and alept on the floor until daylight.
.. The following i. a most interest- Aprlll0-Left for Ogùen
burg. where we
ing instance of batteaux traYelling I arrived at 3 p. m.; found an old acquaintance
put in our h::mds by the Rev.
lr, aud patsed the afternoon quite I\g,reeably.
Miles :_1 I left Kine-ston on the 6tb of Aprilll-Had a ((ood n4tht'. rest; still a
April, 1811, but as the traveJIing then wa.s head wind; found the printing office and
not as it is now, I did not arriYe in Montreal compoled types the
reater part of the day.
till the 15th. I will just copy verbatim the April 12-Still a head wind. April 13-
journal I kept on my pa.ssage. Durham Leh Ogdensbur
and arriYed at Cornwall.
boats were scarce on the Canada side at that April H.-Left Cornwall and arriyoo all
time, but t\ was thought if I could Ket to the McGee's, Lake St. Francie. Apr1l15-Le(t
American ahore I would find one on its way :McGee'l and arrived at Montre..l a.bout 8
to "1ontrea1. W ell, I found a man in Kin
- p. m. TravelIine: expenses from Kingston to
ston jmt frem Grindstone !aland, who had ,Montreal, $9 75.' "
brought up Borne shingles and tar to sell, and EXIT TORO!\TO Y ACli'l'.
he told me if i could get to Briton'. Point, ElIorly in the sumll1er of 1812 the Toronto
several miles down the riyer from Ca.pe Vin- Ya.ch
ceased to nil upon th" lake, She
cen", and to which pla.ce he would ta.ke me, W&8 wreckeit off the Îslaad oppoaite Toronto,
that he thought I would find a. Durha.m boat and for many years a portioQ of her hull re-
there, and the following is my journal on mained upon the beach.
that route : Befor
pro
eed'ng to rela.te the his-
" 'GR!l(DSTONE ISLAND, Aprilll, 1811.- tory of .hð shipping upon the lake.
Left
mglt.on yesterday, .April 6th, a$ 3 during the wa.r th.t broke ont in 1812
p.m., m an open skiff, with R. Watson, a between Great Britain and the United
cler
in Dr.. Jonas Abbott's .tore, IWd two Statel, i_ will bf' necessary to go back
hanal?elongmgtotbukiffj head wind; rowed for a few yeare and give particulars relating

ar
till
bout eight in the nening, when, to an Act of Congres. pused by the Amel'l-
navmg bl
t;. red both hands and being 'Very can Legislature iu the year 1807. TlJ.is was
much f..tll/:ued, we drew our skiff on shore known as the Emba.rgo Act, a.nd ia described
..nd c&
ped
n the shore of Long Island, by a.n American a.uthor as one .. laying an
..
ut five mdu above Grindstone Isla.n,l; emba.rgo on all shippÚ1g, foreign or domes-
w
lI.d IItron
tram the north; 'Yery cold and tic, in the porta of the UlJited States. with
without victuals or fire; feet wet; slept. specific exception.. n Tttis Act was pal8ed
Home, walhed some, and by daybreak wa
by Congress with closed doors, in a seslion

836

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

of four hours, in violation also of the usual Sophia and Island Queen, and after taking
modes of legislative procedure. To again possession of ,heir contents burnt them.
quote our previous authority, this Act pro- This took place near Brockville at the foot
hibited "all nsse s in the port. of the of the Thousand Isles. On July 29th, an
UDited ::5ta.teIJ from sailing for any foreign attemp' was made by the British fleet on the
fort, except foreign ships in ballast or with lakes to re-capture the Lord .Kelson, ,,-hich
cargoes ta.ken on board before notifica.tion of w... lY1D
unàer charge of the America.n
the Act, and coastwise yesse-ls were required vessel the Oneida, in Sackett's Harbour.
to give heavy bonds to laud their cargoes in The attacking force sailed from Kingston
the United Statell." It is addetl that "the under comm"nd of Commodore Earl, who
little life left in American commerce under had formerly commanded Toronto Yacht.
the pressure of the orders and decrees of the It consisted of the followin
niseIs: Royal
b
lligerents," who were France and Eng- George, 26 guns; Prince Regent, 22; Earl
land, "W4S uUerly crushed out by ,hil of Moira, 20 ; Simcoe, 12, IIond Seneca 4-
Act." At this time i' must be noted there The expedition was not 8ucceasful and w..
were many points of dispute between the attended by some loss of life and not. little
United Sta.tes, France and Great Britain, damlloge 1;0 the Cana.dian Ihips.
By passing this Act the American Govern. DECLARATION of WAR.
ment hoped to bring luch pressure to bear, War bad been formally declared by the
on the latter power el'lpeciallv, a<; would President of the United States against
cause her to yield in favor of America some Great Britain on June 19th, 1812, When
at any rate of the disputed questions. But the in
elligence reached General Brock, who,
this is what rea.lly happened, and we again in the absence of Lieutenant-Governor
quote from &. United
tates writer :- Gore on leaTe to England, was Administrator
.. The French Government viewed it (the or President of the Council, he was at York.
Embargo Act) 110I far more injurious in its His first orden were on June 26th, 1812.
effect. upon Great Britain than upon them- sent to Capta.in Roberts, \\ ho 'Was in com.
BeInl, while England, feeling that her mand of a sma}) dfltachment of
he 41st
national character and honor were at stake, Regimen_, quartered in
he Block Heuse on
and belining that. she could endure the the Island of St. Joseph, in Lake Huron,
prin,tions which the measure would inflict about forty miles north-east of Mackinaw,
in both countries longer than America, or, all it has been calleå previously in these
proudly refused to yield a single point." pages, Michillimackina.c. The.e commands
We have described thil Act thus fully so were to ca.pture the fort at this pla.ce,it being
as to render more intelligible the references the headquarters of the Indian fur trade.
we shall be obliged to make to it in our Ce.ptain Roberts ad out, accompanied by one
I istory of events upon the lakes during the bundred and fifty voyageurs, an armed
next few yearL schooner, tbe Caledonia, and his own com-
On June 5th, 1812, tbe schooner Lord pa.ny of forty-six men, on his expedition.

elson, belongin2 to and owned by James They sailed on July 16th in battea.ux and
and William Crooks, of Niagara, freighted canoes, and on approaching the fort lum-
with flour and a general cargo, saillid from moned its occupants to surrender. This
that place for Kingston. Bein
found in they did without ñring a Ihot 01' a life being
American waters, she was captured by the lost on either Bide. General Broak nex

Oneida under :the command of Lieutenant determined to make an attack upon and
Woolsey and condemned. as a prize under capture if pos8ible Fort Detroit and 10
the provisions of the Embargo Act. Two I secure command of the lakes. Brock had
other schooners, namely,the Ontt.rio IIond the I crollsed from York to l'dagara in a canoe,
Niagara, were in the same month also taken accompanied only by a friend and tbeir
by the Americans. The former wa.s speedily . boatman, aDd from 'he latter pIa" the force
released but tbe latter was sold by her cap- intended for the attack upon Detroit set

r..
l'hese acts naturally led to retaliatory forth. Tbey embarked on Auguet 5th, 1812,
tlloctics being adopted by the Cana.dIanli. and aix day. later were near Amherstburg,
When the news of the declaration of war on Lake Erie The Kingston Gazette of
reached Ogdensburg on tbe St. La.wrence Sep:ember 19, 1812, contains the following
there were lying there ei
bt AmerIca.n general orders issued on tbat occasion :-
trading schooners. They naturally en- GXN.EB.AL ORDER.
deavored to escape to the open waters of Headquarters, camp, Bank of Lake Erie. 15
Lake Ontario, but a company of Tolunteera, mile>> L w. Por' Talbot, Augua\ 11, 1812,
abou' fifty in number, commanded by an six o'clock p.m.
enth1llias'ic Canadian named Jones, cha.sed The troops will hold ,hemselns in read i-
them in open boatl. They succeeded in ca p - \ nen, and will embark in the bo.iø at twelve
turin
two of the fugiUve vel!lels, named the o'clock this nigh>. It il Major General

LANDMARKS OF TORO
TO.

Brock's positive orders that Done of the
boats go ahead of tbat in ..hich is the head-
quarters, where a livht will be shewn dur-
ing the night.
The officers comma.nding the different
boa.ts will immedia.tely inspect the arms and
ammunition of the men, and see that they
are cOQstantly I_ept in a state for immediate
service. As the troops are now to pass
through a. part of the country which is
known to have been visited by the enemy's
patrols, a captain with a subAltern and
thirty men will mount as a picke' upon the
landing of the boats, and a. sentry will be
furnished for each boat, who must be regu-
la.rly relieved, to ta.ke char
e of the boa.t
and bagga
e. A pa.trol from the picket
will be l!Sent out on landing to a dietance of
a mile from the encampment,
By order of the Major-General
J. B. GLEGG.
:Major A.D.C.
The next day General Brock issued an-
other order emphasizing the one just quoted,
and also drawing the atteution of officers
commanding boats to the fact that :
.. A great part of the bank of the
la.ke where the boats will this day
pass Ï!I much more dangerous and
clifficult of access than any we have
passed; the boats therefore wiH nN; land
except in the most extreme necessity, and
then ,!reat care must be t.lken to choose the
best places for beaching. The troop! bein

in the neighborhood of the enemy,every pre-
caution must be taken to guard against
surprise.
By order of the
1ajor.General.
J. B. (; LEGG,
Major A. D, C.
\Vhen Brock arrived before Detroit, \\ hich
he did on August 15th, there were in the
river the Britbh gunboats Prinr.ess Char-
lotte and Hunter. They opened fire upon
the fort and were aided by a battery of five
guns, which had been erected by the British
on the !Side of the river, opposite DetroIt.
Next da.y the ga.rrison capitula.ted to Brock
and over two thousand men became prison-
ers of war. A brig called the Ada.ms wa.s
also captured. Many of these were con-
veyed by the two ships we have just. named
to Fort Erie, from thence to Quebec via
Kmgston, but as it was by the Bat bottomed
boat and canoe th.t ma.ny of the troops had
ascended to the head of the lake so by them
many of the prisoners ta.ken at DetrOit were
conyeyed to Quebec. On August; 18th
Brock sailed for Fort Erie in *be Charlotte
and on August 22nd arrived in York. '
From York Brock proceeded 1;0 Kina.ton
where he remained until Septembe; 5t.h'
when he leh there for Niaga.ra, aga.in mak:

837

ing the journey, it is believed, in 8. canoe,
This was the last voyage, excepting one to
Detroit, on October 9th, the gallant soldier
made. Just after the departure of Brock
from Kingston a naval engagement took
place near Johnstown. In reference thereto
the Kingston Chronicle of September 19th.
1812, conta.ins this pa.ra.graph: .. On the
16
h inst.," thrE"e days earlier CIA brigade
of boats under convoy of two companies of the
N ewfoundla.nd regiment, and a detachment
of the 49th and of the Veterana,were a.ttack-
ed by tbe AmerIcans about twe ve miles be-
low Je,hnstown." This attack, it seems, did
not terminate to the ad vantaQ,'e of the as-
sailants, for they lost to the Canadians one
of their Durham boat. and had more than
twenty men killed and wounded. By a. later
paragraph in the same paper it appears that
all the boats al.ove referred to arrived safe-
ly at Prescott on the morning of Septemb I'
17th.
TWO VESSELS CAPTURED.
In the early morning of October 9th, in
this year, the Americans succeeded in cap-
turing from the Canadians, on Lake Erie,
t\\ 0 vessels, namely the Detroit and tbe Cale-
donia. The first was the bri
that formed
part of the spoils taken by Brock when
Forll Detroit surrendered and her name was
changed from the Adams to Detroit in
honor of the victory. She was under the
command of Lieutenant Rolette. The second
wa.s the prop rty of the N orth.west Com-
pany acd Clio! ried a valuable carQ:o in the
shape of furs. J he Detroit carried six guns
and a crew of fifty-six men. ::-ihe had also
thirty American prisoners on board. The
Caledonia had two guns, twelve men and
MSO had a. few prisonp.rs. The capture was
effected at black Rock on Lake Erie by
Lieutenant Jesse D. Elliott. U. S. N. The
victors themselves confess that they
accomplished it by surprise. Later in the
da.v tho Detroit, bein
within reach of the
gu
s of Fort Erie, was so severely cannon,.d-
ed t at the cable was cut by the American.
and she drifted down the river Detroit to
the western side of Squaw Island near the
American 51hore. She was a
once boarded
by a. pa.rty of 'Soldiers of the 49th regimtnt
British infantt"y sta.tioned at Fort Erie. They
were compelled to abandon her after a hotly
contesteã fight. Just a.s nigh, was approach-
ing Ge[leral Brock arrived from Nia...ara.
and, supported by the gum of the
armed schooner Lady Prevost, ma.de an
attempt to re-capture her. To preven' this
happening she was set fire to by the Ameri-
cans, and 'Was burned to the water's ed
e.
The Canadia.n 108s in this action has never
be n accuratelyascert.,ined. The Ameri.
cans reported theirs as two killed and five

838

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

wounded. Th.l 8S of the Caledonia. wall a between the American and Ca.nadian Navy
serious one, the value of her cargo bein
took place near Kingston. Commodore
eHimated at no less tha.n $200,000. It Cha.uncey, of the U. S. Navy, on board the
need hardly be said the United States Gov- Oneida, with several other vessels, lying off'
ernment exulted, while General Brock re- the "Ducks," on the evening of the

rded it very seriously. In a letter to Sir previoul da.y, hoping to intercept the Eng-
George Prevost, da.ted October 11th, written Hsh :fleet, composed of the Royal George,
but two days before hb death, he UYI:- of tweniy-six guns, under the comma.nd
"The event is particulaIly unfortuna.te, aBd of Capla.in Popham, \he Duke of Gloucester,
....y reduce ua to incalcula.ble distress. The of fourteen guns, and the Prin.::e Re
ent, of
enemy is makin
every exertion to gain a twenty-two
uns, who were returning from
naval.uperiorityon both lakes, which, if Niagara. These vessels reached the Bay of
they accompli3h it, I do not see how we can Quinte safely durinst the night of
possibly retain the country." November 8th and were proceed-
DJ!:ATH OF BROCK. ing on the followin
morning on their jour-
On October 13th following, took place the n.y to Kingston when Chauncey encountered
ba.ttle of Qaeenst.on Height.s, when General them. A battle which lasted lor more
Brock and his A. D.C. Colonel :McDonell than two houri enlued, and which ended by
feU, like the gallant loldiera they were, the American I retrea
to Sa.ckett s Har-
with their faces t.o the enemy. The Simcoe, lor. On t.heir way thitherwards the Oneida.
nnder command of Captain Ja.mes RiChard- I fell in with the British vessel, the Earl of
son, took the news to York. The followin
is Moira, actinlZ" an escort to a sloop wbich
th. a.ccount ghen of hie arrival in the har- ha.d on board General Br(/ck'. plate, books
bor from Dr. Scadding'. .. Toronto of Old." and other private effect&. These were all
He ny. :- I captured, but lubleguently, \0 t.he honor of
"The Moira. w... lying off the Garrison Chauncey, relltored to the
eneral's repre-
a.t York when the Simcoe transport came in sentativel. Aa the Amel'lcan vessels were
tlieht filled with prisoners taken on Queen- returning; to Sack
U'8 Harbor theV disco..,.-
Gon Heighte, a.nd bringing the first intelli- ered the IIchooner Seneca, under the com-

en
01 the death of General Brock. We mand of Captain Richardaoll, trying to
have heard the Rev. 1)r. Richa.rdlon, of make her way into Kin
ton. They prompt-
Torontu, who at the time was sailing master ly fired into her, RichardsoD tried first of
of Ù1e Moira under Captain Sampson, de- all &0 run hill ves.el on t.o Amher!!' Isle; tha'
8crih. the scene. The approaching Ichooner failed. He then essayed to get into port, but
was recognized at a distance "II the Simcoe. almolt as he reached safety.. 32-pounder
It; 19'&8 a ve8lJlei own
and commanded at struck the Ihip and she sa.nk, the crew firing
the moment. by Dr. Richardson'. father, their only musket &8 she went down. She
Capt..in James Richardson. Mr. Rbhard- was afterwards ra.ised, and sailed for some
IOD accordingly speedily put off in 3. boat years longer.
from the Moira w 1
..rD the news. He wal CAI'TUB. 01' YORK.
tint sta.r\l.d at tlM crowded appearance of Thia was the final contest oa the lakes in
the Simcoe's deck, and at tbe unwonted 1812. Winier Itet in and hostilities were for
guise of Ilia fat.her, wllo came to the
ang- the time suspended. But; in the following
way conlpicuously girt with a .word. . A May, Chauncey, who has jwat been referred
ereat ba.ule had been fought," he Wall told. to, appeared before York in command of a
'on Queenston Heights. The enemy had hOltile 11eet of 14 nasell. He was opposed
been beaten. The Simcoe was full of prison- on the lake only by the British niseI the
ers of war, to be tr..nsferred instanter to the Duke of Gloucester, which wa.ø a.t once cap'
Moil's. for conveyance to Kingston. Genua.l iured. A IChooner which belongeá to
Ikock was killed.' Joseph Kendrick. called the Hunter, w..
.. Elated with the first portion of the also encountered and d.ltroyed by the
Dews. Dr. Richardson spoke ef the thrill of Americans. The Prince RegeDt "ad sailed
dismay which followed the closing announce- from York for Kingston on April 24th pre-
meat... IIOmething indescriba.ble and never vioully, and so in all h..aD probability

be for'!,otten. JJ eseaped capture. The framea of two ships
AI; this time the following gunboats were were on the stocks at the time York capitu-
npon Lake Ontario-the Ea.rl of Moira,20 lated. They were d.ltroyed by the order of
eunl; tbe Duke of Gloucester. 14 guns; ihe General Sheaffe, who was in command of the
Prince Regent, 22 guns; the Royal George, garrison. Captain BaDders, who had pre-
26 gUDS ; the Simcoe, 12 luns; the Seneca 4, vioualy commanded the schooner Bella Gore,
the Princess Charlotte and the General W&ll killed in a.ctio. at tile same time.
Hunter. Leu than a month after the eveata just
On November 9th, 1812, a naval encounter chronicled had taken place at York, t.h.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

839

nayal cemmander-iD-chief UpOD the lakes,
Sir James 1.. Yeo, having been re-inforced
by 500 English seam.D, actin't under in-
structions from Sir George Pre yost, deter-
mined to make a descent from Kingston
upon Sackett's Harbor and destroy the
nayal s&ores there as well as any vessels in
cours.e of cOD8truction. On
1ay 27th the
BriÜ8h fleet of six vessels, mounting alto-
cether more than 0.8 hundred guns, to-
gether with a aambel' of batteaux, carrying
n.arly ODe thouuad troops and commanded
by Sir George Pr.vost in person, sailed
from KiDgstoD for Sackett's Harbor, where
i' arriv.d about; mid-day on the 28th. Sir
George, after makiag a reconnaissance, con-
aid.red th. place t;oo st;roBl to be captured
by the force under hia command and
ftrdered Sir James Y e
to make sail for
Kingston, Forty Indians had accompanied
,he fleet from King&ton, and they, not
knowing why the troops had not landed nor
why the .Mps did Dot open fire upon she
harbor, rowed direct for the shore, with
the intention of attacking the Ameri-
cana. Their appearance so terrIfied
a troop of dismounted ca.vaJrymen
who weI'e un shore that the latter raised a
white flag in token of surrender. They were
at once conveyed to th. Canadian ahips aa
prisonen of war. Sir George Prevolt, as

on ... be learned of thi. incident, conclud-
ed that the Americanø were teas formida.b\.
than he suppos,d, and countermanded the
order given for the fieet to return to Kings-
too. The troops landed and att.cked the
place, but they were unsupported by .he
fteet, and the atw.ok failed. Th. ships
eDlZaged in this enterprise were a new one,

e Wolfe. of 24 CUDS, just; completed,
besides the Royal George and the Earl of
Moira, and the schoonors Prince Regent,
Simcoe and Seneca The Governor-Geueral
Sir Geor
PreY08t, was with Yeo on his
ftagship the Wolfe. The lo.s Clf life on both
aides ...... very heary, 'the British having
no lea than 48 killed and moce tha.n 200
wouDded. A few days lat.r than this, on
JUDe 6th, Sir James Yeo succeeded in cap-
turing at Stoney Creek sev.nte.n batteaux
loaò.d ...ith supplies for the Americans. On
August 8th, Sir J ames Yeo with six ships
appeared off NiaJ::ara in the nope of engag-
in
Chauncey, commau4iin't the American
teet tbere sw.tioned, consistinl of four-
teen veallels. One sin&le broadside
w&a fired by Chauncey, and b. then retired
under covet" of t.à. gUDS on shore. The
whole of the following day ea.ch commander
JBaI1æuYred to pin the adva.nta
e, and on
'-he morning of the 10th Yeo, considering
the odds were ill. his fa"or. Itor. down upon
Cha.uncey. iAtendiDi to attack him. But

the latter declined the ha.ttl. and retired to
Niagara. Two schooners, though, beJong-
ing to the fleet, nam.ly the Julia and th.,
Growler, were captured by the British.
Durin" this eng
elUent no lives were Ion
by the British and it is believed but few if
any by the Americans.
.al.'s J'A}10US UTTLJ:.
On September 10th, 1813, took place
the memorable battle on Lak. Erie
betwe.n the .America.n and Brit-
ish squadrons. The former was under the
command of Commodore Perry, U.S.N.,
the latter under that of Commander Bar-
elay, R.N. Barclay's force consiatAd of
the Detroit, ftagship, of 19 guns-she was
a new nsseI and had only just been put
upon the lake; the Chippewa., carrying two
.wiyel guns aad one lonl 18-peunder OD a
pivot; the bri
Hunter, of 10 guns; the
Queen Charlotte, 17 -she was under com-
ma3d of Captain Finnis; the Lady Prevost,
13, and the Little Belt, af three guns.
The United States fleet comprised nine ves-
.els, namely Perry's ship, the Lawrence, of
20
Rn8 ; the Scorpion. 2; ihe Caledonian.
3--thilS veasel had previously beea captured
from the Canadians; the Niagara, 20; the
Ariel, 4; the Trippe, Tigress, Ohio aDd
Porcupin., of one gun each. The Am-
erICans bad fewer
una than the
Canadia.ns, but they were óf heavier CAlibre_
Their sLipe, too, were well manned by nearly
six hundred picked men of the American
merchan
service. Th. Canadians on the
oth.r hand had only fifty experienc.d .a-
men among their six ships, while the reat of
the cr.w. were made up of two hundred &ad
forty Boldi.r. and eighty whony untrain.d
yolunteer
"ilorø. Tlte shins did not com.
to close quarters until a.bo

.leven o'clock
in the mornirlg, then for more than four
houn the battle continued. For some little
time during the earlier part of the eng.
e-
ment the advans.lge was wholly wit" 'he
Canadians. Tit. guns from Barelay's ship
ha-i not only .ilenced thoae of the La.wrence
but also disabl.d her. Of her crew of one
hundred and thr.. men no lesa tha.n t....nty.
two had been killed and sixty-one wounded.
Perry, perceiyinp his ship was usdess, de-
Hrmined to abandon h.r. Wrapping hill
commodor.'s flag around him, he, in an opt:n
boat, mad. for the Niagara which he reached
safely and was received OD deck by her
astounded comm30nder, Capta.in Elliott. The
latter, .etin
upon orders from .t'erry, puc
011 from b:s ship in a IIIDrJl boat to bring
tl1e oiher American vessels into actioD.
About ihis time the wind chani.d,
then was seen how lamentably cle.
ficlent Barclay was in efficient ....-
men. Ria vessels from t hat cause SOO. .

840

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

came unmanageable. The Detroit and QueEn I was aware of Yeo's designs upon Oswego, h.
Charlotte were entan
led and the Lady did !.lot attempt to intercept and atta.ck him.
Prevost was wholly disabled. Barclay com. Arrived before Oswego the attacking force
manding the Detroit was seriously wounded. landed, and after a gallant resistance on tbe
Finnis. the captain of the Cha.rlotte. WM part of its defender.!. suoceeded in wholly
killed. and all the oiher officers and three- subduing it. All the stores and munition"s
fourths of ihe men were k iIled or wounded. of war in the fort were taken. and it and the
It was not poslible for Barclay to continuo barracks destroyed. The naval stores had
the fight wiih any hope of success, and at been removed to Onondago Falls. aevera.l
three o'clock in
e afternoon hil fla
was miles abeve Ofilwego. and thus elcJ.ped ca.p-
lowered on the Detroit and the whole fleei ture. though Yeo. on May 29th, made an
capitulated, In this ierrible encounter the attempt to become possessed of them, which
Americana 101' twent
"seven killed, and was unsuccessful. The British vessels en-
ninety-six wounded; the {,;anadians forty-one gaged in this enierprise were the Star, Cher-
killed and ninety-fou!' wounded. The va.lue well. Magnet, Charlot e, Prince Regent,
of the ships taken by the Americans was Montreal and several gunboats. The loss of
$225.000. an enormous sum for thotle days, life was very severe on both sidea, The
but a mere trifle a.s compared with ihe cost Britillh had nineteen killed and seventy-five
of one single iron cla.d cruiser in these. wounded and the America.ns had six killed
Barclay was paroled at first. then exchan;;:!ed. and sixty-three wounded and missing. Among
Immediaiely this was effected he. by the the Englilh officers who were wounded were
rules of the iervice, was tried by court Captains Mulcaster and Popham of the
martial for the loss of the ships. the result (;ha.rloUe and Montrea.l respectinly.
being tha' he was fully and honourably In June tbe fort a1l Sodus Bay was cap-
acquitted of an blame. tured by the fleet under command of Sir
CHAUNCEY AGAIN DEFEATED. James Lucas Yeo, and a large quantity of
During the la.ter days of Septembel an stores of va.rious kinds came into t,he hanàs
engagement took place near Burlington Bay of the captors. The 108s of life on both
between Chauncey and Yeo. TÞe formel' sides on ,his occa.sion was very small
h&d five Teasels under his command, the NAVAL COURT'MARTIAL.
latter two, namely the W oIfe and the Royal Arising out of the attack upon Oswego,
George. This ended to the entir,'discomfiture there is reported in the Kingst.on GazetfÆ, of
of the Americans and they aga.in retired Nov. 7th, 1815. tne proceedings of t\ naval
to Niaga.ra. On October 5th Chauncey, hav court martial, beld AUJ.1;ust 14th, 1815, in
in! sailed from :Kiagara east-ward, succeed- Port
mouth, England, for the trial of
ed in capturin
off th
Ducks, the British Capta.in Popham, of the
lontreal. on the
transpor'lI Confiance, Hamilton, Mary and following charge:-
Lady Gore. besidell the Drummond cutter, .. For havin;!) contrary to a verbal order
Hut it must be noted that the Confiance and of Commodore Sir James Luca3 Yeo, at.
Hamilton were the Growler and J uJia, which tachd a. flotilla of American boats in a creek
ha.d on August 10th. been ta.ken by t,he on the Lake, which were proceeding from
British from the Americans,and their name.!! Os"e
o to Sacktet's Harbor. with stores of
changed by their captora_ During the rest every description for the equipment ot a
of this Yf'ar Sir James Yeo rema.ined inac- lar
e ship
hat was building in the latter
tive at Kim!ilton. harbour."
Doring the winter of 1813 and Th. court decided that as he had been Ie-
early spring of 1814 the British, at inforced after the Commodore's order Capt.
Kingston and the Americans at Sackett.s Popham was justified in ma.king the attack
Harbor had been unceasing in their pre- he did an I acquitted him. They at the
pa.rations to secure ihe command of the same time severely a.nimadverted upon tbe
lake. '1 his object was deemeå of such ,relations that apparently existed between
paramount importance by both GOTern- Sir James Yeo and his subordinate. Captain
menta that while the English withdrew Popham.
both ->fiicers and men from service On August 12th, 18) 4, Captain Dobbs. oI
on the ocean for duty on tho Jakes the Royal N ""y. captured two American
tbe Americans not only did likewise but gunboats, the Ohio and the Somers, off Fort
added twenty-five per cent to the pay of Erie. There was a tllird gunboat in com.
those so employed. On May 4th, 1814 Sir pany with these awo,the Porcupine. but she
James Yeo, with a fleet of eigh' Teasels. made her escape. This feat \\&.1 acbieved
.ailed from Kingston with the intention of bV Captain Dodds I wi'h bui snent,)'.
making an atta.ck upon Oswego, Chaunce}', five men in open boats. 1'he prizes were
the Americau naval commander, was ..itb conveyed to Cbippawb..
bis fleet at Sackett's Harbor. bus. thouRh he About the same time as the e\'ent8 abo-ve

LANDMA RKS OF TORONTO.

841

aUuded to, the Americans made an un- which it waf! forwarded to me, I have no dov.bt
h i your statemeut may be eorrect.
Kucce88ful attempt to repossess t emse ves I regret it does not come within my power to
of Michillimackinac. Their fleet consistel1 of comply with your request, from the lenKth of
five veasels, na.mely Niagara, Caledonia, 8t. ti
e ,!hlCh has elapsed and the sale and dis.
Lawreu 'e Scor p ion and Ti g ress. These trlbutIon of the property.
. C J . d 1 have, therefore, only to recommend you.
ShIPS had returned to DetroIt about the e? gentlemen, to Jay the case before su('h Com-
of AuuuBt. At; the close of September Su milliioner or Board a9 may hereafter be ap-
James Yea had complded and laullchei his pointed by.our resp
ctive Governments to in-
. h S L vest.lgate 81mlla&" clalm3.
f.'lIOU8 ChIP cf 100 guns, t e t. awrence, I am. gentlemen,
but there was no real need for her now, as I Your m06t obedient humble servant,
the war was Yirtually if not actually over. J
ES LUCAS YEO.
811' James Yeo wa.s now ma;;ier of the The writer of this letter appears to be
lake, fOl'in addition to the St. Lawrence almost as proficient in concealing his exact
he had under his command four ships, two meaning and being strictly non-committal in
brigs, and a schooner. what he does say as a certain astute states-
In St. Mark's church, Niagara, on its ms.n who is sometimes known a.s "an old
eas
ern wall is a tablet to the memory of: Parliamentary hand."
CAPTAIN COPLESTON RADCLIFFE, R. N., Peace having bcen concluded between the
who feU whilst gallantly boarding United States and Grt:at Britain, and Can-
one of tile enemy's schooners at adiøns, having no longer invasion by a
anchor off Fort. Erie on the night of foreign power to fear, nor the necessity of
the 12th August, 1814. taking up arms in defence of iheir hor.les
He was .. native of Deyonshire. forced upon them, naturally turned their
This stone is erected at the request t;hou
hts in 1815 to improving the means of
of hi! brother and sisten by internal communication, both by land and
their nephew, water, throughout the country. A steam-
\V. P. Radcliffe, H. M. XX Regiment, boat had, as has already been seen, appeared
This was one more of the ma.ny useful upen the St. La.wrence in 1809, but the
lives lost gallantly in the prosecution of a calamitous troubles of 1812 and the next
worse than useless war. few years put a.n end for a time to com-
No further encount
rs took place between mercial enterprise of every description, ex-
the two fleets; peace was shortly afterwards ceptiug such as was connected with ship
concluded and with peace in the country, building for wa.rlike purposes and the
this portion of the history of the lake vessels supply of food, clo.hin! and other neces-
terminates. saries for
e troops. In the autumn of 1815
the constIuction of the first steamboat in
Upper Canarla was oommenced (the Accom-
modation,thoughsailing on the St. Lawrence
six years previously, being of American
build). Of this steamer, afterwards
ca led the Frontenac J much more will
be said presently. The passenger
traffic on the lakes in this yea.r was carried
on much as before the war. Running be-
tween York and Niagara were two schooners
named the Dove and Reindeer, the latter
under command of Capt.
lyeI'& There also
ran from Kingston to Sackett's Harbor a
fast sailin
schooner caUec.! the Kingston
Packet. Her captain was James Chapman.
and the fare each way was two dollars.
NEW WAR VESSELS.
The following notice appeared in the
London (England), Gazette of August 21st.
1815 :-
"In order to secure to us the posse.sion
of Canada in case of a. rupture with tbe
United States, the Government haa given
orders to build upon the lakes new yelsels
and gunboata suitable for the navigation of
those waters. ETeryt:binß necessary for
e
arming and equipment of those yeuels .s
preparing ill England."

CHAPTER CCXL.

.I. New J.:ra-Peaec Rel:ns In the Land-
MercaBtUe Enterprise Ke"ivea-ltU5 'e
1819.
As soon &8 hostilitlies between Great
Britain and the United States had eeased,
many claim! wue m
de by non-combatants
on both sides for compensation for losses or
injuries inflicted upon them owing to the
war.
One of thel!e made upon ihe British by an
American firm of produce brokers and ad-
dressed to Sir James L. Yeo brouiht from
tha.t galla.nt admiral the followin
reply :-
H. II. S. ST. LAWRENCE.
KINGSTON, 6th March,I81S,
GJl:NTLEMBN.-1 ha.vo received your letter of
the 25th of February, stating that in the spring
of 1813 you had 200 barrels of 1lour in the store
of Nathaniel MerrH. at Sodus Bay. on Lake
Ontario, for tho purpose of transporting the
aame to the vil1aKe of Ocdenøburg. for the ulle
of the inbabitan.s of that 'Yicinity. but when
BodUIi Bay W&8 captured in the month of June
Jut by the fleet under my command, the said
!OO barrels were ta.ken on board, aud requesting
I would autMI you to be compenso.ted for \-he
Iòls you have thull BUltalned.
In return to which I bee leave to obserye,
that from the respectable c)u.nntjl through

842

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

Towards the close ot this year, on
September 25th, Lieutenant-Governor
Goro returned to York aher his
four year.' absence in England. Tbe gun-
boat Montreal, the lying in the harbor,
fired a s&.lute in his honor. Still later can
be found in the Kingston Gazette, of No-
vember 25th, the following paragraph:-
"\Ve learn with plea.sure that a steam-
boa.t is .bout bein, budt in this place to
ply between Kin
ston and l'ret!cott, The
shares, we un"lerstand, are already taken
up, and the work is to be commencfld im-
mediately:' The Gazette then proceeds to
quote from the Montreal Gazette of Novem-
ber 13th,previously, some of the ad vantages,
these being principally tho extension of
trade, likely to arise to tho provinces of
Upper and Lower Canada as the result of
this ut)dertiaking. In November, 1815,
the Montreal Gazette notices tile l,unch
there of what is described a.s that
"elegant steamboa.t, the Ca.r of Commerce,
in the presence of .. immense crowa of
spectators." She was intended for the
"..ters of the Lower St. Lawrence, between
Montreal and Quebec.
Early in the year 1816, on April 6, the
following information is given in the columns
of th' Kingston Gazette:-
.. The House of Representatives at :New
York has rejocted _ bill for incor
orating a
ateamboat company for Lake Ontario, Yeu
49, nays 75."
On the opening of na.vil:ation in May,
1816, th
schooner PerBeverance began plying
as a pa.ssenger packet, under the command of
Captain J. G. Parker, between Kiniston
and Sackett's Harbor, probably in opposi.
tion to Chapman's vessel, the Kingston
Packet.
THE PIB8T STEAMBOAT.
The fact has already been referred to that
in the previous October a steamboat, the
tint built iD Upptir Canada, had been com-
menced near Kingston. The follow-
ing account; of Ute circumstances attending
her construction is taken from "The
Settlement of Upper Ca.nada." the bay reo
feered to is that of Qyin
:-
The first steamboat on La.ke Ontario,
the Frontenac, was built upon the shores of
the bav, at Finkle's Point, ErnesttowD,
eighteen miles from Kin
sl;on, and within
the corporation of Bath. She wa.s com-
menced in October, 1815, and launched the
following season. The tbree years of war
had cau.ed many changes in Upper Cana.da.
On the whole it may be Rid that the war
materia.lly benefitted the province.
After peace things did not relapse into
their former sta.te. A spirit of enterprise
was a.broad, especially in the merca.ntile

community. '1:he lea.ding men of Kingston
conceived the idea of formlDg a company '0
build a stea.mboat to ply on Lake Ontario
and the na\'igable watera of tbe St. Law-
rence. A compa.ny was consequently formed
composed of individua.ls belonging to King-
ston, Niagara, Queenston, York aDd Pres.
cotto The shareholders of Kingston were
Joseph Forsyth, Yeomans, Marsh, La.w-
rence, Herkimer, John Kirby, Capt. Mur-
ney, Willia.m Mitchell, and, in fa.ct, all of
the pl'incipal men except the Cartwright
family. Advertisements 'Were ilsued for
tendera to construct the boat. The ad,.er-
tisemt!nt was responded to by two parties,
a Scotchman by the name of Bruce, from
Montreal,and Honry Teabout,from Sackett'.
Harbor. Bruce was several days at King-
ston before the other person arrived, and ho
suppoled he would get the contract. Mr.
FlDklfl says Teabout came with a letter frolD.
Hooker and Crane to Johns and }'inkle, in-
forming th"m who Teabout was, and a!lkin

them to fa.vor him \\ ith their infiuence in
procuring the contract. Tho letter was
shown to Mr. Kirby, of Kingston, who wu
one of tbe commit:ee of the company. Mr.
Kirby usnred Finkle and Johni that, not-
withstanaing the prejudice which existed
on account of the war, the tender of Tea-
bout should receive every justice. No other
tender being made, the committee met and
decided by a smAll majority to accept Tea-
bout's. All those who voted for Bruce
.. were either Scotch or of Scottish descent. "
Teabaut havinz received the contract, at
once, with Finkle, set about to find a place
to build. After two days' oxamination of the
coast he selected Finkle'li Point, in con-
sequence of the gravelly nature of the shore,
all thereby would be obviated 'he delay
which frequently followed rains, where
lIoils would not quickly dry. The next con-
sideration W&8 to ad vance E5,030 to go to
New York to procure a ship carpenter and
other ne
essaries to commence operations.
"AccfJrdingly we (Johns and Finkle) became
security, with the undt"rstanding that so
soon as the boat should be se far advanced
as to be considered worth the security, our
bond will be returned. So ø&tliafactorily
did the work prolres8 th...t the bond was
shortly handed to us by
he Treasurer, who
was William .Mitchell. Here I will digress
a short time. DurinQ' 'he war of 1812
DAvid Eckford. the 111 Ister shil',òuilder of
New York, WM sen' to Sackrtt's lIJ.rbor tø
take charge of the shipbuilding at that
place a.nd brengbt with him his carpenter__
Among them were three YOUD
men, Henry
Teabout, James Chapma.n and William
Smith. The last 'Wa.a born on StateD bland,
the other 'wo in New York. Teabout and

LL\KDMARKS OF TOROKTO.

841

...
;

t"

5

I

..,..:: ,

844

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

Smith øernd their time with Eckford.
Cha.pman was a block turner. At the close
of the war these three formed a co-partner.
ship, and Teabout, in contracting for build-
ing the Frontenac, was acting for the com-
pany. Before building the steamboat they
had built for themselves at Sa.ckett's Har-
bor, the Kingston, the only craO plying
betweenSackett"s Harbor and Kingston. and a.
fine schooner for the lake called the \\ oolslev,
Chapma.n was in charge of the Kingston a
d
waø domg a more than ordinarily profitAble
business. Bruce's friends wished to do
something for him and had him appointed at
a g1linea.
dfl.Y to inspect the timber of the
Frontenac. His s1iudy was to delay the
building of the boat. There was a. constant
contest be1iween him and Teabout."
The contract price of the wood work was
E7,OOO. When the boat was almost ready
for the machinery the contractor's funds
were expended, The engine cost '1;,7,000.
Refon the vessel was completed the cost
rea.ched nearly the sum of i:20,000.
THE STEAMER LAUNCHED.
The Kin
ston Gazette informs us that :-
.. On Saturday, the 7th of September, 1816,
the steamboat. ]!'rontenac was launched at
the yil1age of Ernesttown. A numr.rous
concourse of people assembled on the occa-
sion. But, in consequence of an approach-
ing øhower, a part of the sp
ctators with-
drew before the launch actua.lly took place.
The boat moved ølowly from her place, and
descended with majestic sweep into ber
JJroper element. The length of her keel is
150 feet; her deck 170 feet (the tonna
e
was about 700). Her proportions strike the
eye very agreeably, and good judges have
pronoullct>d this to be the best piece of
naval architecture of the kind yet produced
in America, It reflects honor upon Messrs.
Teabout & Chapman, the contractors, and
their workmen; and also upon the pro-
prietors, the 'greatp.r part of whom are
among the most respectable merchants and
other inhabitants of tqe County of Fron-
tcnac, from which the name is derived. Th

machinery for this valuable boat was im-
ported irom England, and is said to be of
an excellent structur
. It is expected that
IIhe will be tiniahed and ready for use in a.
few weeks. Steam navigation having sue-
ceed8d to admiration in various rivers, the
application of it to the 'fÇ'aters of the lakes
is an interestin
experiment. Every
friend to public improvement must
wish it all the success which is
due to a spint of useful enterprÜle."
The (}autte adds :-" A steamboat was
lately la.unched at Sal'ketl'ø Harbor. The
opp08ite øides of the lake, which not long ago
vicd witb ea.ch other in the buildiÐg of

ships of war, seem noW' to be equally
emulous of commercial superiority." Gourley
says the boai; at Sackett's Harbor was on a
smaller øcale and less expensive. .. She the
Frontenac, ,vas estimated to coø' i:14.000:
before she commenced her journeys,
her cost exceeàed i:20,OOO." .. The
deck was 170 feet long and thirty-two ff'et
wide, draws only eight feet when loaded.
Two paddle-" heels with about 40 feet cir-
cumference ; anS1\- ers Elowly to the helm."
In the following year thIS mteresting in-
for Illation is gleaned from the coiumns of
the Kingston Gazette of May 24th :-
" Yesterday afternoon the steamboat left!
Mr. Kirby's \\ barf for the dock at
Point Frederick. Weare Borry to he&l"
that throuph øome accident, the machinery
of one of the wheels hM been conaiderably
damaged. notwithl!ltan ling which, however,
she moved with majestic gra.ndeur ags.inst
a strong wind. \Ve underst"nd she has
gone to the dock, it being a more conveni-
ent place for .mttin
in a suction pipe,"
Just a week later, on May 31st, the 2ame
paper tells its readera that .. The steam-
boat Frontenac, after having com-
pleted the necessary work at the naval
yard, left this port ye,.terdø.y morning
for the purpose ot t"king in wood
at the Bay Quinte. A fresh breeze was
blowing into the harbor, against which she
proceeded swiftly and steadily. to the ad-
miration of a great number of spectators.
\Ve congratulatc the managers or pro-
prietors of 1ihis elegant boat, upon the pros-
pects she atfords of facilitating the navi
a-
1iion of Lake Ontarie, by furnishing an ex-
peditious a.nd certain mode of convey-
ance to its various points." .. June
7th, 1817. The Frontenac left this
port on Thursday, 5t}), on her first trip for
the head of the lake."
Upon this, her maiden trip, the Frontenac
was under the cOll1mand of Captain James
McKenzie, a
allant '!Iailor, who had pre-
viously served in the Royal Navy. A. G.
Petrie was her purøer, Captain McKr.nzie
comma.nded the Frontenac as lon
as she re-
mained on the lake.
The route of tht' Frontenac was from Pres-
cott to York and l,ack once a. week. Later
on she went further westward than the lat-
ter port, I ut in her earlier da.y." or very
early days rather, there is no record of her
having done so.
Captain James McKenzie firøt sened on
the la.keø during the war of 1812. "\\ hen
peace was concluded he, like so many others,
both of the naval and mihtary øervices, was
placed on half pay. An inactive life in
Engla,nd, though, was foreign to his h"tee,
BO, having in the meantime made himself

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

845

acquainted with the nature of the ste
m
engine, and leein
that it was the propelling
power of the futùre, he returned to Canada
in 1816, and his senices were soon made
available in constructing ,he firat of her now
magnificent fleet of øteamers.
TONNAGE ON VESSELS.
Returning for a short time to the ennts
of 1816. Frõm the Kmgston Gazette of June
8th, we extract the following notice:-
.. Orders of the Lieut. -Governor. in-Council.
Toronto. May 22nd, 1816. It is ordered
that so much of the Order-in-Council of the
18th of April, 1816, &8 imposel a tonnage
duty on Yessp.ls belonging to the lubjectl of
the United States be cancelled, and that the
following tonnage duty be impoled in lieu
thereof :
"On all vessels above five tons to fifty tons.
the tonnage duty to be 3ld per ton.
.c From fifty to one hundred tons, five
shillings or one dollar per ton. On all vessels
above one hundred tons, 12s and 6d per
ton,
.. (Signed) JOHN SMALL,
"Clerk of the Executive Council."
The reason for this order was that
previously to its da'e, a rate of 128 a.nd 6d
per ton currency. equal to $2 50, had been
imposed on all vessels, either from
Canadian or American ports, entering those
of the former. Thi. was a higher ratcl than
obtained on the American flidt>; hence this
order which equalizerl the dues a.t all places
on Lake Ontario. Despite the fact that
sailin
vessels at this date were being multi-
plied. and steam navigation of the laLtes and
rivers an accomplished task, the batteaux
stilI pursued U the noiscless 'enor of their
way," but at great risk, both to their navi-
gators and passengers, for it is learned from
this lame paper that on June 5th previously
one of them, loaded with s!lond, proceeding
'owards Kin
ston. bein
struck by a ludden
Iquall lank, and thd all on board, four
men, perished.
The schooner Perseverance resumed her
trips this year early in May, under tbe same
conditions al the previous season.
On .T uly 13th the Gazette announces the
" Launch on Monda.y lalt (this would be on
July 81ih) of t
e fine ship Beckwith, from
his MajestY'1 dockyard, Point Frederick."
Another steam vessel known as the Mal-
sham ha.d now been placed on the St. Law-
rence. between Montreal and Quebec, for on
August; 10Lh is a notification of the fact that
Ihe had arrived in the latter port at the

ame time 80S 'he Car of
ommerce previously
referred to.
On November 30th the Kingdon Gazette
refers to the suppoled loss of the Ichooner

Comet plying between Kingston and York,
in the following terms :-
II It is reported, and we fear too true,thail
the schooner Comet, Captain Wa.rner and
owned by Mr. A. G. Goss. of this town.
which has sailed as a. packe
from thil port
to the head of the lake has been lately
wrecked near Burlin'tton Bay and every per-
son on board perished, there being a num-
ber of passengers, except three, the captain,
a woman and a lailor. \Ve hope soon to
have the particulars of this distressing oc-
currence, " A week later, on December 4th.
the paper stated that this report c. hal been
contradicted. "
Two other vessels are refened to at this
time al belonging to Kingston, namely the
Ichooner Pert, Captain Sampson. anù the
Ann, Captain Mosier. This latter gentle-
man's name is frequently to De met with
later on.
The winter of 1816 and 1817 seems to
have been remarkable for its mildness, for in
the beginning of January of the latter year
yessell were still tI&Ssing into and out of the
ports of York and Kin
ston. That very
serÌoul attention was at this time bein
given
to the means of commumcation by water
throughout the Province of Canadp, is shown
by the following extract from the
speech of the Lieutenant-Governor when
opening the Provincial Parliamen' at. York
on February 4t.h, 1817, wherein he says :-
"The improvement of the water communi-
cation of the River St. Lawrence, below
Presco1it, is also deserving of your serious
consideration. ,.
MORE WAR VESSELS.
On April 5th, 1817, &. list is given in the
Upper Canada Gazette of-" The f llowing
Ihips being commissioned upon the lakes of
Canada :-Kingston, 56; Commodore, Sir
Roben Hall, BurliDgton, 42; captain,
N. Lockyer. Charwell, 50 ; captain,
\lont-
resor, for Lake Ontario. Champlain, 32;
Captain Duell, for Lake Champlain. Con,
fiance, 32 j captain, D. Pring, for Lake
Erie. U
N a.vigation had opened rather early in
1817, for on April 14th vcssels were entering
not only York but Kin
ston harbors. The
Mary Ann, under Captain Mosier, arrived
in Kin
ston from York on that day, .e with
passengers and baggage, It while the N etley
also left Kingston for Nia.gara with troops
on board.
Among other vessels arriving at and sail-
ing from Canadian ports in thIs year. and
the property of English. if not Canadian,
owners, are the Dolphin and Henrietta, bo1ih
belonging to Kingston.
011 June 20th, 1817, the Kingl!ton Gazettð
announees that the Frontenac has com-

846

LANDMARKS OF TOROKTO.

pleted her second trip acroll. La.ke BRIE'S PIRST STEAMER.
Ontario and will in future leave the Thefirlt .teamboat built to ply on Lake
different portll on the followin
day.: Erie was Walk-in..the.Water,built at Buffalo
Kingston, for York and Queenston, on June at the same time the Frontenac wa.
22nd. July bt. IOth,19th and 28th and from commenced at Kingston, beginning her
Queenston on her return trip on June voyages at almoat the aame period as the
26,h, July 5th, 14th, 23rd. and August 1st; former.
ahe also called at Ernellttown. Newcastle Referring t. the King.ton. the yeuel
and Burlington. The fares were as followlI: mentioÌ1e1 al haYing been built by
S; H. D. Teabout and Chapman, at Sackett's Harbor.
Kinglton to Ernesttown ........ 0 10 0 She wal meant to run from Lewiston to
" New {;astle ........ 1 15 0 Oldensburp;, her length was one hundred
" York and Niagara.... 3 0 0 and her width twenty.four feet, her burthen
" Burlington.......... 3 10 0 being about 246 tons. She appears to have
Prescott.... .... .... 1 10 0 been a failure and Ipeedily disappeared.
PrescoU to York and Nialtara. , .. 4 0 0 The arrival at Erne.ttown of the ma-
ti Burlington .......... 4 10 0 chinery for a second Iteamer haa already
York to Niagara. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 0 0 baen referred to. She was named the
No information ill given as to the days I Queen liharlotte, and was launched April
on which the Fronten..c sAiled to and from 22nd, 1818, the Fronten..c having resumed
KillgstoD aDd Prescott. ber tripi for the leason. ......i'..tion haYing

'''' - .. .. , /I i I
. "'..r"..

· . 'a:JI I...... ........
. I, -
. _"' _ _

?'LI!'''.'''

t.::
&.w
''Z''-'''/''''

'-'''''''Ç.'''''.''.#
-'

!r)Ä
,..

t

::;--- - ---=:::::
-=--- =- c,\f'I "Nfl t. .
\.---
-.---

ITEAMER WALK-IN.THE-V,ATER.

Just at the end of this year, on December
16, is noted 1& the arriyal at the port of
Ernelttown of the machinery of a new
steamboat which ia upon the .tocks..t that
village, a* the s..me shipyard where the
Frontflnac lte..mbo.., was built." The King.
ston GauUe. from which thi. extract i.
taken, goel on to observe that: "The
building of the only two .te..m vealels on
the C&Dadian sid. of the lake at the same
place il .. proof that the bui1clers think it a
favorable situation for shipbuilding."
I t proceeds then to impreu upon the
people of Erneattow. the necessity that
existl for them to provide a good wharf for
the accommodation of .hips laiUn
frem or
c..llin
..t th..t pod.

re-opened, three days earlier, on April
19th.
The following additional details concern-
ing her are Itiven by Canniff.
"Almolt immediately after the Fron.
tenac wall launched a .econd steamboat W&l
commenced. The material which h..d been
collected while 'buildiol the Frontenac had
not all been uled, and went far in the con.
stiruction of the Queen Charlotte, which wu
deltined to be the pioneer .teamer upoD the
ßa.y Quinte and River St. Lawrence tn iaø
upper waters. She was built by shares of
í:5u each. J ohne and Finkle had DiDe
shares. She W&l buU. (Gilder.leeve, beinc
the principal Ihipwri
ht). launch.d, aDd
commenced runuing iA tbe e..rly p..rt of

L
"'NDMARKS OF TORONTO.

84ï

848

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

1818. The engine was furnish
d by
Brothers Wards, of Montreal.being made a'
their foundry. She was not long launched
before 8he wal ready to run, She made
trips twice a week from Wilkins' \Vharf.' at
the Carrying Place. to Prescott. She wal
commanded a few of the first trips by an
old veteran captain named Richardson, who
lived then near Picton and afterwards *0
the close of the season. bT a young man
na.med Mosier. Of the number of passen-
gers on the first trjp we haye no knowledge.
but suppose them to be few. for Belleville.
tht!n the lar
elt place above Kings.
ton, was a mere hbml
1 - Trent.
Hallowell. Adolphustown aud Bath
were the enly stoppinsz places from
the head of the ba.y to Kinlt8ton. They
were re
ulated in their course the first
summer by frequently heaving the lead. an
old man-of-war's man being on board for the
purpose. (Collins reported in 1788 tha'
vessels drawing only from eight to ten feet
of "ater can go into the Bay of Quinte).
For two sealonS she W&8 commanded by
Captain Dennis; Mr. Gildersleeve was
purser the second and third seasonl; and
the fourth commenced hie captaincy. which
lasted aslon
as the boat was seaworthy. a
period of nearly twenty years: he was at
the build in", a malter shipwright, and be.
came a stockhohler.
The fare from the head of the Bay of Quinte
to Kingston for the first season was;[1 58.
currency. equal to $5; this included meals.
The Charlotte was a very acceptable im-
provement ill the navigation of the day. A
few of the owners of sailing craft, perhaps.
suffered for a time; but the settlers regard-
ed her as an unmixed blessing. During the
first years she was so accommodatinsz as to
stop anywhere to pick up a passenger from
a. small boat or let one off. She was not a
commercial success until Gildersleeve be-
cam3 bp.r commander; after that she paid
w 11. She ran for many years, and wa.s
finally broken up on the shores of Catll.raqu:i
Bay. In this year an importan* amendment
was made in the Lighthoule Act. which
has he en before referred to as having been
passed in 1803. It wal fe:t to be a great
hardllhip at ports where there was no light-
house that the 8hIpS frequenting or passing
that port should be lubject to lighthouse
duell, so it was enacted that" No ,"essel,
boat, raft. or other craft of the burthen of
ten tons and upwards shall be liable to pay
any lighthouse duty at any port where there
shall be no lighthouse erected. any law or
usage *0 the contrary not.withstanding. II
MORE CHANGES STILL.
The Kingston Gazette. in itl impression of
May 12th, contalDl!I the following paragraph.

da.ted York, April 30. rf'latiDK that:-
.. Captain Patterson. of the schOOller May
Flower, la.st week tried in this harbor the
power of a machine which he has inven'ed
ior propelling small v,slilels in light wind.
or to work out of harbor with a contrary
wind_ The experimen1l completely answered
hil expectation5. the vessel proceeding with
a comparatively small power at the rate of
three knotl, or miles. per hour, and he feels
confident that when the machinery is com-
plete it will perform a. the rate of five miles
per hour." Thi. is the first reference
to the schooner named herein. also to
the machine of Captain Patterson's innm
tion. It is aleo the last,lo it may be presumêd
it was not a. very great succels The same
paper contains an advertisement from the
Assistant Commissary General's office offer-
ing for sale .. a number of batt
tIoux and
Durham boats, with their appurtenances."
also a .. second-hand cable." On May 8th
the Frontenac arrived at Kingston from
NIagara, h&,-ing on board two companies of
the 70th regiment. The following week,
i\lav 19th, the Gazette mentions the fa.ct that
the- stage between King(lton and Prescott
had been discontinued. adding, .. ThiB would
be more re
retted had not the new steam-
boat Charlotte now commenced runninsz up
and down the river. so thll.t tra\-ellers on
thi8 route maT be accommodated with a
safe and agreeable passage by w<l.ter instead
of the former carria.ge by land. II A terrible
storm swept over Lake Ontario in the middle
of this month. The Gazette thu!'! refers to
it :-" The steamboat Ontario, which was.
in the recent storm. driven on a. ledge of flat
rock near Oswe, o. has been got off and ar-
rived here this morD1n
. ,. The paper a' ds
that the damage. though not incon8iderable,
is leslil than was anticipated, and concludes
its remarks thus ;-" It is expected she will
be ready for furth, r operations in a week or
fortnight.. t thE' fnrtherest (sic)" The On-
tario was an American vessel, belonging to
Sackett's Harbor.
As soon as naviga.tion opened in 1819
the Frontenac is aj;tain mentioned, for the
Kingston Chronicle. April 30th, contains
this advertisement:-
"The steamboat Frontenac. James Mc-
K, nzie. Master. will in future leave
he
different ports on the following days :-
"Kingston for York on 1st. 11th anà
25th days of each month. York for Queens-
ton on 3rd. 13th and 23rd days of each
month. Niagara for Kingston, 5th, 15th
and 25th days of e
ch month.
"Rates of passages from Kingston to
York and Niagara ;[3. From York to
Niagara ;[1; children under three yearl of
age naif price, above three and under ten

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

849

the opening of the navigation, and be con

tinued duriRg the season.
" THOMAS MARKLAND,
II PETER SMITH,
" LA WRENCJ: HERKIMER,
"JOHN KERBY,
"' WILLIAM MITCHELL
H Kingston, February, 1819."
There were on the lake in the year 1819,
besid es the sailing vessell! already
mentioned, the Wood Duck, apparently a
small schooner. the Red Rover, (Captain
Thew), a.nd the Britannia, the property of
Matthew Crooks, of Niagara.
he waa
splend
dJy modelled, of 120 tons burthen,
and was under command of Captain Miller.
In addition to these we find at various
time. from 1815 to 1819, the Jane, lI.nder
Robert Hugluson, the Willing Maid, John
Smith, and .he Alp, under George Miller,
The f\J ay Flower also still plied from York
to Nia.gar", and Kin
5ton.
A new steamer, known as the Dirolhouaie,
was commenced in 1819, which will be de-
scribed fully in the next chapter.

two-thirds. A book will be kept for
entering the nameø of pa.slengt:rl
and the berths which they may
choose, at which time the passage money
must be paid. Passengers are allowed
eighty pounds \\ eIght of baggage. Surplus
baggage will be paid for at the ulual rat
.
Gentlemen's servants cannot eat or sleep 1D
the cabins. Deck pusengers will pay fifteen
shillings, and may either bring their own
provisionl or be furnished by the steward.
For each dog brought on board five shillings.
All application,. for paal!!age to be made to
Captain McKenzie on board."
The adnrti!lement thea gives particulars
811 to _he cLarges for freiKht. concluding :-
"'For each small parct:l, 29 6d, which must
be paid on delivery." The date i. "King-
iii ton, April 28, 1819."
RATE8 AND CHARGES.
A few weeks pre
'Îously to the date of the
foregoing advertisement, the following
notice was issued by a syndicate who were
"running" a Une of Durham boats. In it the
Frontenac is referred to by name and
the Charlotte by inference. I1i ia thus CHAPTER CCXLI.
worded :- .. Proli:uøalve Enterprise-The March or
.. The subscribers, having e.tablilhed a Improvement-M.ore Steamers and Mere
line of Durham boats from this place, pro- Trade-ISI' to 1837.
pose forwarding from the different ports of In the preceding chapter a very brief refer-
the lake to that of Montreal on the following ence was made to the Dalhousi" a.s bein
a
terms, 'Yiz.:- new addition to the fleet of steamers on the
"From York, Niaga.ra, QueenBton and lake. She ,,&8 built a' Prescott, raa
the hellod of the lake, fer each barrel of from that port to Kingston, and wal a large
flour delivered a' the port of Montreal, steamer of 350 tons burthen.
5s 6d. There was a very well known schooner on
.. From Kingston to the pod of Montreal, the la.kes about 1820 called the John
for each barrel of flour, 4a 6el. 'Yatkinl; she was afterwards commanded
H From York. Niagara, Queenston and by Captain Thew. This gentleman onc.
the head of the lake, for each barrel of found himlelf in an awkward position in
po'aøh dehvered at the port of Montreal, consequence of flying from hilil masthead an
129 6d. ensilln which vesøellil of the Royal Navy
.. ,From Kingston to the port of Montreal, alone h"ve the right to carry,
he, to hi8
for each barrel of potalilh, lOs. great amazement, when lying off Kingston,
.. From York, NIagara, Queenlilton and wal boarded by an officer and detachment;
the head of the lake, for each barrel I of marines from an English man-of-war ad.
of pork delivered at the port of Montreal, jacent, and hil colours confiscated. The,.
8s 3d. ",ere, however, loon afterwards restored to
.. From Kingston to the port of Montre",l, him upon hi. representing to the Amiralty
for each barrel of pork, 619d. tha' 'hey had been displayed inadvertently.
.. Merchandise will be transported b) the A. a matter ot fact the flags had been a
same means from Lachine to Kingston, at prelent to Cap.ain Thew from Mr. Thomas
the rate of 5s per cwt. Dennie Harris, of Toronto. This
entleman
co An elegant passage boat will also leave was the well-known merchant of King stree'
KinJtlton e'Y8ry tenth day fÐr Montreal, west. Hia place of business was situated
whieh will be fitted up in the mOlt com. at .he warehouse known &I No. 124. H.
modious manne
and pre'Yent .uy delay to retired from businesa some years later, f.11d
paasengers leaV1D1 the upper part of the at his death was harbor muter of the city.
lake in
e Itea.mboa1l Frf>Btenac, it ha.ving The Lady Sarah Maitland walil another of
been bUlb for the purpole of leaving this the lake schooners, Sinclair was her captain.
place immediately after her arri'Yal. Like others of thole who commanded .ailin.
II Theae arrangementl will take effect at cl'aft he afterwards bad c:harj{e of a steamer.

8.1)0

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

This schooner received her name in compli-
ment to the wife of Sir Peregrine Mai
land.
Lieute.naBt-Governor of Upper Canada for
nearly ten yeaIs. Lady Sarah was a
daughter of the Duke of Richmond and was
ODe of tÀe CI fair women" whQ were a' the
celebrated brJl given in Brussels by the
Duchess of Richmond ou the eve of
'Va.terloo.
Early in 1820 a schooner known &8 The
]kothen, bUll' for a J
int st{)ck company,
of which Mr. Oa.tea was one ot tbt! principal
shareholdera, was launched at York. No
snch event had taken place for a number of
years prevÏlOusl,.. There was another &mall
vessel called the Caledonia. She ran between
York and Prescott, or crawled rather, as it
took her no less than six days on one occa-
sioB, and that in September, '0 accompiish
the distance from Prescott to York.
A WONDERFUL VESSEL!
On July 1820 there was launched at York
a sloop caIJed the Richmond, of 100 tons
burthen. She suled from York to Niagara
,mder the command of Edward Oatee, who
was a larve lIhareholder ia her. \Ve learn
from an advertisement in the (Jb
, dated
J.ly 17, 1820, that: II The Richmond has
excellent accommodations lsic) for ladies,
gentlemeD and other passen2'ers, and noth-
ing will be omitted to make her one of the
completest .nd safest passage vessels of the
class in America, being lIIanned with ex-
peri
Dced mariners." This very modest an-
nouncement is signed by Edward Oates
and is iæued from York. Captain Oates'
trv.mpeter had evidently been dead for a
"ery considerable period,
Two yean afterwards Captain Oa.tes i.
aO'ain t.o the fore, for he adver,iseø the sail-
i;g a.rrangements for that3ummer. Not only
doea he "respectfully inform his friends
and the public. that his packet shall lel:love
York and Niagara" on certain days specified,
'bot he also adde this emphatic assurance
that "passengers may depend on a pa.ssa
e
on those days." He -::ollcludes thus loftily :
"The superiority of sailing and accommoda.
tion for ladies and gentlemen are too
well known to the pnblic to make
any comment upon." This adTertisement
bore da.te York, June 1st, 1822.
As an amusing specimen of "putting on
frills" in the advertiaing Hne, it has few
equals. There are stillsomt! old people re-
maining with us (1893) who as chlldren
were passengers OIl this incomparable packet.
The lapse ot more than aixty years has failed
to obliterate the wretched memory of aome,
at least, of her voyages from York to
Niagara. This schooner came to a dis-
astrous eDd, being wrecked near Brighton,
on Presqu'lale Bay, in 1826 :

SOME
OTABLE ST.J:AlIERS.
In 1824 another s'eamer of no l
than
350 tons was built at QueenstoD, and was
called hy that name wben she was
launched in 1825. . Slae was owned by
the Hon. Robert Hamilton, aad &t; 6I'st COID-
manded by Captain 'Vhimey. The Qneen-
ston ran from Prescott ria Yark 1;0 Niagara.,
IIond was in constant demand by the Govern-
ment &Ii a trooper. This boat wiU be men-
tioned frequently &8 the hietory proceeds.
In the sprin
of 1825, jus& prior to the
launch of the Queenston, there was Bon iCe
jam in the Niagara river, causing the river
to rise. Owing to the great pressure of the
ice agaiast her it was found desirable to
keep blocking the vessel wap and extend her
ways. Owing to this ehe was forced some
distance up the gunyor ravine beyc.nd the
place upon which her keel had been laid,
A small steamer known as the Caroline,
of on)y 75 tons burthen, W&8 built at King-
ston in 1825. Her route was from the head
of Ba.y of Quinte to Prescott.
On June 3, 1826, the Loyalist pu'blishes
tt}is announcement:
" The new steamboat Canada was towed
into port this week by the Toronto from the
mouth of the River Rouge where .he was
built during the last winter. She will short-
ly be fitted np for her intended route, which
we unders
and will be from York and
Niagara round the head of the lake and will
add another to the increatlin
facilities of
conveyance in Upper Canada.. Six steam-
ers," the Loyalist adds, "now navigate the
St. Lawrence and Lake Ontario in this pro-
Tince besides the Canada and a boat nearly
ready for launching in Brockville,"
In this year, as in its pre:lecessors, the
J!'rontenac was steadily employed. On June
9th she arriTed in YOlk harbor having on
board for' duty at the garrison the head-
quarters division of the 70th Regiment, and
as that corps disembarked she received a de-
tachment of the 76th Re
iment ell route to
Quebec. The same paper refers
o the ar-
rival at York on the preceding Tuesday of
the steamer Queenston.
An AmericBon Tessel known as the
iartha
Ogden was also plying this year bet \\ een
York and Niagara.. She was the property
of a United States firm of merchants.
THE FIRST "CITY. U
The steamer Toronto was commenced at
York late in the year 1824 or early in 1825.
She was built at the foot of Church street,
on the bay, and was of peculiar build. being
constructed of h,lf inch pianka IIond the same
shape at both ends. She i. described
by Dr. Scadding as being "A sh-:11
of successive layers of rather thm
boards placed altern
tely lengthwise anù

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

851

athwart, with coaLings between of stout I meana of conveyance with those ten years
brown paper, pitched." She ran betw. en ago. At that time only a few schooners
KingstoD and Prescott a short time, after- navigated the lake, and this pa.aaaue was
warda to Toronto. She proved a failure, and attended with many delays and much in-
af4-..er a few seasol1s disappeared. She was convenience. Now there are five øt.am
oom.&Dded by an American captain na.med boats all affording excellent accommodation
Shaw, and afterwa.rds by Capt McIntosh. and the means of expeditious travelling.
Of the steamboat Canada, which h&8 just T.he routes of each are so arranged that
been referred to a.a being in tow of the To- almost every day of the week the traveller
r.onto, the Loyalist, in its impreilsion of msy find opportunities ot being conveyed
August 1
1i, 1826. liIaya (and as evidencing from one extremity of iihe lake to the otber
tho strides that were being made in the in a few hours." The paper ttlen gin. a
mea.na of communio
tion on the lakes, list of the øteamers running at that time
the following passage ia quoted in extenso):- and their routes. They were "The Niagara
"The new steamboat Canada., Captain' and Queenston from Prescott, the FroDtenac

---=

---

-
--

'-

THE STEAMEB. MARTHA OGDE!'f.
Richa.rdson, made her first trip to Niagan I from Kingston once a week, with the
on \1onday last, and went out of the harbor Canada a.nd Martha. Ogden, between York,
in fine atyle. Her appearance reflects much .Niaga.ra. and the head of the lake eVf'ry
credit on her builder, Mr. Joseph Dennis, day. Affording," remarks the Loyalist, mOHt
ami the machinei'Y manufa.ctured by Messrs. complacently," fACilities of communication
\Vards, of Montrea.l is a. specimen of superìor which the most sanguine could scarcely have
workmawship. I antIcipatt::d a.t the period we speak of."
"The combined excellence of the model and After 0. passing reference to Do steamer
machinery of this boat are such as will ren- called the Cornwa.ll, runnin? on Lake St.
der her what is usually termed a 'fast Louis, and to the Charlotte, Toronto and
boa.t.' The trIp to 1';ia.ga.r. was performt;d Dalhousie, the article concludes thus elo-
in four hours and some minutes. Her pre. quel. tly :
sent 1"Oute we observe is adyertised from " These are some of the eviG.enees of im-
York '0 NiAgara. a.nd the head of the la.ke. provement among tlS during the vast few
"On noticing this first trip of another steam years, which require no comment. They
boat .,re ca.nnot help contra.stlDg the present spea.k for themselves, and it must be pretty

852

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

evident from such facts as theøe that those supplying the Royal NaTal Eøtablishment
who cannot or will not see the progress we at Penetanguishene with freah beef." it is
are making mwst. be wilfully blind." dated York, Noyember 1st, 1826, and si
-
The NIagara mentioned in the preceding ed J. J Billings, Deputy Assistant Com-
paragraphs had been built at Prescott, and missary-General. In the following week a
was under the comm&nd of Captain Mosier, notice appears calling a meding of the
who is mentioned previously as in com. stockholder!l of the steamer Canada to U be
mand of a schooner between King
ton and held at York, on board of t
e boat, on
Sackett's Harbor. The Nia2ara had rather Monday, 4th .December, at 12 o'clock.'-
a curiouø hiB
ry. She was originally a This wal signed .... By order of the Com
sailing Teslel, owned and commanded by mittee of Man
emen'- J. W. Gambler
Captain Mosier, and called the Union, of treasurer."
Wellington Grove. Owing either to her Mr. Gamble's name does not again come
being fauhily built, or from aome unknown up prominently in connection with the his-
cause, she suddenly capsized in the RiTer tory of Canada and bet' Marine. It may be
St. Lawrence, near Prescott. Captain obsernd that he Wall the MmB gentleman
.Mosier, nothing daunted, succeeded after a who in after ye&r'8 played a very

ime in ri
hting &ad getting her into dock prominent. part. in Canadian politicø. He
at Kingston. Thl!re be cut her in two, was a member of i;he Proyincial Parlia-
added about thirty feet tr, hflr length by an ment for nearly two decades, and resided ai;
Insert.ion, and then launched her aø a Pine GroTe, _ a.bout ten milel north-west of
steamer. The Loyalist describes her as II a the city_
handsome and 'Well built boa.t with a power- In p.ospect of \hia meeting which
inl engine and most. excellent accommodation evidently caused Captain Richardson to
for travellers." have doubts about his being further entrullt-
Frequent mention u made of thil Teslel ed with the sole m nagement of that Tessel,
throughout the sea.on. Early in the month h." (Capt. R.) addreased the following

f September .. the Iteamboat Niagara, letter to the stock-hold-'ra. U is contained
Captain Mosier, made her trip last week in the Loyalist of December 9th, and reads
from York to Prescott and back again i.n thus;-
something less than four daya." She called .. Gentlemen,-It baving been decided ..,
each journey at Kingston, Gananoque and ( a meeting of the stockholderll, held on
Brockyille, and the distance covered was board the Canada, that 1 should be inTe
ted
nearly five hunòred miles. Considering the with the lSole charge and management of the
numerous and lengthy stoppages that had to boat the ensuing year. unless a.t a meeting
be made, his must certainly be considered to be held the first Monday in March, other
as. for the period, a. very creditab:e perform- arrangements take place, I seize this oppor-
anee. tunity on the eve of my depR.rture for Eng-
SOME NOTABLE TRA VEJ.LERS. land. to assure the stockholders that I haTe
The Queenston waa yp.ry regular in her made every arrangement for the safety of
journeys all through the season of 1826. the boat and the necesearv repairs, and at
The Anglican Bishop of Quebec paId a visit, the
ame time r respectfully submit to them
in discharge of hil episcopal duties, to York, the ostensible motive of my voyage.
extending over several days, leavia
the Gentlemen, I am 80 àeeply emba.rked in the
harbor on his return journp.y to Kingston on speculation I have entered into that the
September 12th by the Queenston. When prospe.'t of the stock depreciating. and of
tha.t Iteamer returned to York a few days the boat's services and my own labors belDg
later she bad as passengers, on their way to rend.ered ahortive in so lucrative a ferr,.
Niagara, severa.l officers of the Royal Navy, as that bctw "t York and Niagara, mainly
among them bein
Admiral Lake, of H. M. byapluralityofthemanagement,fillsmewith
Ihip Jupiter. and Captain Stewar', of the disrr.av, And, as I trmt l a.m entitled to
Mena.i. the confidence of the stockholders generally
In the Loyalist of Nov. ll. 1826, .. serious placed in my abilities, and am convinced
accident to the Niaeara is reported. She, that unless the power of management be
l' appears, struck on a reef of rocks off invested in one pertlOn to act with all hÚl
Poplar Point, about 50 miles from Kingston. energies in the scene of profit, to seize the
The passengerø were taken off by the Queen- adva.ntages of market in Ùle economy of the
øtoD, and, owing to t.he indefatigable ex - outlay with the discretion of a sole OWD4"l',
ertiona of Captain Mosier, the greater 1088 and ruin to myself must ensue. With
}IOnian of her car20 was saved and forward- this view of the subject I embark for Eng-
ed '0 York. land to endeavor to raiN fonds and relieve
The Barne issue of the Loyalist contaInS those gentlemen who U'e aTerse to my mAD-
aD adTer'iaement uking fur HDder. II for agemant, and i;o take up i;he remalDder of

LANDMARKS OE' TORONTO.

853

he stock, that they who 80 kindly confided
in my assurances of individual profiu, and
placed implicit reliance in my integrity and
abilities, may !lot be diaappoinkd in $heir
fair expecta.
ion.. Confident thai; I posseS8
<<t.e hearty wisbeø of success from many
vah1&ble pdrons, m taking leave, I am
happy to subscribe myself, gen
lemen, your
most obedlf'nt humble Benant, Hugh Rich.
vdson, Yock, Dec. 6, 1826."
The followin
par&<<npba appeared in the
Loyalist 00 Dt'cember 16t.h, 1826.
"Light Hom.-The .....an' of a light
house at the eastern extremity of the lake
bas often been comphined of. Th. subject
may probably pl'e6en1i it8alf
o tbe atten-
$ion of Parliament. ..
.. Burlington Canal- \V e are ha.ppy to
learn that the schooner Genen.l Brock, with
a cargo of mercha.nd1a8 palll!ed throuJ1,h the
cannl on Saturday laa'- Tbis fact will re-
moye wha
ever doubts may haYð remained
as to the !lUece88 of thia work."
This is the first time we find
he General
Broc!\: mentioned. She had been built we be-
lieve in Y orIr, and wu used almo8$ wholly
aa .. merchant veuel.
THK CANADA'S SHARKHOLDJ:R...'t.
Respecting the steamship Canada, Cap-
tain
ichardson ma.d. hia trip to EnRland
aDd returned to York early in Marc'l, 1827.
The medin
of the Ca.nada's stockholders
held on the previous .(th of December had
been adjourned until AprIl 2nd, 1827, and
in anticipatIOn of the proceeding then to be
held, Captain Richardson again writes
.. To the shareholders in the CloIla.da
Steamboat, ;t
co Gentlemen, it must be fre!h in the
memory of you all that I am the original
projector of the Ca.nada; that my abiiities,
in whatever ligh' they may be received,
were wholly employed in planning, con-
structing and 6ttinfi: her out. Facia have
already proved thai I led no one Ito8tray by
false thecriM in her constructi n ; and her
engine i. upon the model of the \'Cry best
now generally in use in Engb.nd. 1 have
been all alonK by far the largest shareholàer.
and nearly the whole of the shares were,
Mken up by aent.lemen upon my persona.l
øolicitationa, in doing wh(ch I did not fear,
in the strongest language I Was master of,
tG pledge the success of the undertakivg,
]tot only on the prospect or the lucrative
ierry, but also upon the fa.ith of my own
personal exertions. Then do I infer too
mucb by sayiDR ,hat a friendly dispor.ition
to.....ards me, a confidence in my abilities and
my integriry (with very few exceptions),
waa tbe ba.sis upon which I met with such
genus.l patron.
However, after a cer-
tain per)od it wu IN 10D,pr pÐ8l1ible to nWie .

sufficient stock to complete the vesBel; the
expedlen
of borrowing was resorted to, and
a debt of :1:1,200 contracted with the bank.
.. Upon this the boat commenced her opt:ra-
! ions,and ran from the 7th of August" period
of 98 days; during which time, gentlemen. I
lo,:>k upon it aa a matter of cony'ra.tu-
lation tha.1i at the v<:ry first startin!l,
haying an American boat to oppose
her, the proceeda of the Canada
not only paid her eurrent expenses but alBo
a Bum of upwards of E200 in extraordinary
outfit, including;&tO insurance on money
borrow ad. also the intend thereon; EOO
nearly for replacing her wh.e1a, repea.tedly
destroyed, aDd considerable repairs. I see
nothing but what iø m
\ flattering in this
her fira
outset. Thus it would have apFear-
ed when I made my report, ,hai; had I done it
in the most favourab1e light, I should have
thoue:ht, as one of the gaardians of \he
property enirusted
., charge. that I was
only fulfilling a duty I (Wed the stockhold-
ers when I t:nhaneed rather thaJl depreciate.l
its value. At the end of the season, from
disappointments and expenses in collecting
the amount of the sh.res taken op, there
was still wanting!lo Bum of
OO, and at the
las
general meeting the further sum waa
borrowed, hampering the boat with a debt
of El,OOO. At this crisis, at a great per-
sonal expense and a greater SAcrifice
of domestic comfort, I set out for England
to trespass upon my o\\'n immediate friends,
and now retut'n prepa.red to reliet"e the
embarra.ssments of the boat, and am willing,
in 'he fa.c. of representations that went to
disparage the stock, to invest a much larger
capita.l in tho Canada, in doing which I
confer a benefit on the whole. and trust I
give further proof of the sincerity of my
professions when I u"dertook the arduous
task of getting up a
teamboat. But. gentle-
men, thin
s have not gone as I wisht!d, or
as I intended; and, perhaps, I am the only
person who will hàVe property invested in
this vessel to such an amount a.s to m lke it
of vital importance that success should at-
tend the a.dventur
. Therefore, upon this
ground, upon the
round of my bein!: the
projtctor of this vessel, upon tbe responsi-
bility of my situation as master, ootenaible
agf!nt, and po
essing owner, I most earn-
estly solicit yonI' particular suppart to .".
appointment as mana
in9; owner of this
vesBel; aDd to tha.t effect may I &gain
solicit the most general attendance of the
stocltbolàt'rs at ihe meetinp: to Þe held OD
board the Canada, the second of April !
I am, gentlemen.
Your very obedien' Ml'vao

HUGH RICHARD8Cm.
York, March 24, 1821.

8M

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

Navigation opened early inl827.forundera
salate from the garrison the Lit'utenant-
Governor and hia famIly left Y otk for
Stamford on board of the Queenston on
April 4th. returning by the Cana.da on the
21n of the eame month.
SOME SERIOUS ACCIDENTS.
The a.cciden t which occurred to the
Nlagara in the preVIous November was
much more serious than had beeR antici-
pated. for the Layali8t of May 26t.h. says:
U The report in circulation last week that
tbe eteamboat Niagar.. ha.d been got off
from ,he beaeh near Long Point whue .be
was unfortuna.tely stranded last fall. is in-
correct. .. The paper adds the eKpression of
ita confident hope tbat she will in a few days
be afloat and that they will BOOn have it
in their power to Ulnounce her
ofe arriwl in port.
The LoyoJMt of April 21st records the fact
of the accidental drowning of \he ma
of
the Canada in these words :_u George Reid.
mate of the steamboat Canada, was last
night drowned by fallinJt from the plank
leading from t.he wharf to the vessel. It is
painful to hear that the unfortunate man
leavea a wife and five children to lament his
lIudden loss."
THE "LOY AL18T" ASKS FOR MORE.
The Loyalist is &t this time desirous that
more steamers ahould be ad1ed to ,he lake
fleet and thua briuS' the subject before ita
readers.
" i'he Queenst<m performs her trips regu-
larly from Prescott to York and Niagara
once every week. The convenience of !.
second and even a third boat would, how-
ever, be a great accommodation to travel-
lers. We are happy to hear that Captain
:\IcKenzie. late in command of the Fronte-
na.c, (now laid up) has made arranfi:ements
for building a new boat to be propelled by
an engine of Rreater p:Jwer than that of any
other now navigating the lake. The ac.
knowledged ability of Captain McKenzie
whIle in command of the Frontenac. the
regularity with whieh ber trips were per.
formed, and the attention he at all times
beatowed on the comfor* a.nd conY"Cnience of
his pa.ssengen. induce UI to hope that
the undertaki
he has commenced
will speedily be ca.rried into effect. II
The Dalhousie. under the command of Ca.p.
tain A. McDonell. resumed her trips be-
tween Prescott a.nd Kin;:aton on May 2nd,
lea.nng the former port on Wednesdays and
Saturday. and the latter on Mondays and
Thursdays, stopping each way for half an
hour a.t Broclnille and Gananoque. The
advestisement concludes thus :-"Passen-
gers must be punctual,a.s the boat carries the
mail; she cannot be delayed for anyone. II

On June 9th, following. an advertisement
appears in the Kingston papers offering tho
Frontenacfor aale. We quote the same in its
entirety.
"By public auction will be sold on Mon,
day, "he secoDd of July next, at Kingston.
as she now lays at wharf. the ateamboat
1!"'rontenac, with her anchors, chain-cables.
rigging, ere., al&o the enp;ine. of 50 horse
power. manufactured by l\lesl\rs. Watt and
Boulton. Sale Íì<'I commence at 10 o'olock
a.. m., on board. For any further informa-
tion applicatioa to be made to Mr. Strange,
Kingston, or to John Hamilton. QueenatoÐ.
June 1, 182'i."'
No sale took place or if Ule v
sel was
ever offered publicly it was withdrawn.
The Quðenston. under the command of
Captain Jamea Whitney, running between
Preacott. Kingston, York, the head of the
lake and NiaJtara. W8.8 constantly employed
in 1827 in the conveyance of \Toops from
and
these various ports. It is announced
in her &dvertisement lor tbe eeaaon under
date May 25 I;b , that "every endeavor hae been
made to reuder *he accommodation and fare
on boa.rd of the beat description. II
Captain Richardson'e steamer,the Canaùa.
was rather unfortunate thia year. In the end
of July, while crossing the lake from
Niagara to York. she broke her main abaft.
GOOD'BYE THE FRONTENAC.
This accident was, though. happily repa.ired
in about three weeks. for we learu from the
Loyalist that she re.commenced ber trips to
and from Niagara on the 7th August.
h"
was again subject to severe dama
e in a
storm on the Jake during October, bnt was
not incapa.cita.ted for service. On Decemb{,r
1st she ma.de her last trip for that season
and laid by for the winter.
We have just mentioned that an aUemp

had been made to dispose of the Fronteuac.
It came to nothing at the time. and at the
end of August her ownt'r. Mr. Hamilton,
removed her to Niagara There she was se'
on fire. the Loyalist of September 29tÌl thus
referring to this dastardly act :-
"The Messrs. Hamilton. proprietors of
the steamboat Frcntenac, have offered a re-
ward of ;flOO for the discovery of the per-
SODS ,.,ho set fire to that vess
l some time
ago. The }
rontenac. after being fired, was
loosed from her moorings and ha.d drifted
80me distance into the lake, whE::n she was
met by the Niagara. Captain Mosier, who
took her in tow and succeeded
in bringins her to the wharf a1i
Niagara, where. after BOme exertiona, the
flames were extinguished." She was soon
afterwal ds broken up, and thus terminated
the existence of the first ste...mboat built on
Lake Outario. Sic transit gwria mundi.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

855

THE FAMOUS ALCIOPE.
Early in 1828. on March 27th. Sir Pere-
grine and Lady Sarah Maitland, the former
being the Lieutenant.Governor of the Upper
Province, embarked 80* York, on board the
Canada. for Stamford. This journey of his
Excellency's involved Captain Richardson
in an amusivg, though somewhat heated,
disc'Jssion in the columns of the Colonial
Advocate, with the editor of thai journa.l.
Ca.ptain Richardson had been a
cused "f
permittinl:{ undue exclusiveness on board the
Can'l.da, in the exclusion of other passengers
upon the occasion of the Lieutenant.Gover.
nor's journey. After first of all denying 'he
report that on account of the presence of
their Excellencies othør passengers were
declined, and then giving an emphatic as.
aurance that had his distinguished guests so
wished ii no one else would have been taken
on that trip, Captain Richardson concludes
his letter to the .Advocate thus:
" As long ... I command the Ca.nada, an.!
have a rag of color to Ìloist, my proudest
day will be when ii floats at her masthead
indicative of the Dresence and commands of
the representativê of my Kine-.
"HUGH RICHARDSON,
II Ma.ster and managing owner of the Ca.n.
ada. stea.m pa .ket, April lIth, 1828."
Among sailing vessels employed upon the
lakes in 1828 was the Canadian, built at
York, and launched there about the middle
of April. She W&l!l the property of William
Gamble, afterwards of Milton Mills, Etobi-
coke, and Captain Bowkett, who com-
manded her. I::;he was used principally for
the transport of grain.
A passenger vessel, of about 80 tons
burthen. known atterwards as the George
the Fomth. and plying between Kingston
and York, was also launched a dav or two
earlier than the Canadian. There was be-
lides a well known schooner called the
Catherine. comma.nded by Captain Camp-
bell. conveying goods and passengers be-
tween York !Iond Niagara.
Late in :\'Jay or in the very early days of
June, 1828, a new steamer. designed to suc-
ceed thp Frontenac, was launched at Nia-
gara. where she had been constructed by her
Dwners, Robert Hamilton and Andrt:\V
Heron. She arrived in York, it being her
first voyage, on June 26th, 1828. The
Loyalist thus speaks of the event :-
.. ThA new steamioat Alciope, built
lot Niagara, owned by Robert H amil-
tou, Esq.. and commanded by Capt.
McKenzie, late of the Frontenac, with a
number of ladles and gentlemen on a party
of pleasure, made her first entry into our
harbor on Thllrsday last. She is a Me
model, and fitted up in a most elegant and

convenient manne!" for passengers. She
commences her regular trips, we understand,
next w
ek. and under the commaud of
Captain McKenzie, 80 well known for hili
.kill and experience as & seaman, and for
attention to his passengers, we have no
doubt the Alciope will be found a. valuable
aequisition to the regular communication
which is now afforded by n:.eans of the
severa.l steamboats plying on ,he lake. and
that she will receive a share of tha.t puhlic
pa.tronage which is so deservedly bestowed
upon the owners and commanders of other
boats whose public-spirited exertions are
worthy of the highest praise."
Many people have wondered why this
vessel received the na.me she did. It is a
purely fanciful one, and though appar<,ntly
of Greek origin, does not beloog to any of
the ancient beroes or heroines, whether real
or mythological.
SOME MORE FAMOUS BOATS.
On June 7th, 1828, the Loyalist mentions
that Commodore Barrie in h his Majestv's
schooner Cockburn entered this port (York)
on MOJíday last, and on landing at the Garri-
aon was received by a falute, which was re-
turned from the schooner. The yacht Bull-
frog was in company with the Cockburn."
The Commodore intended to proceed by
land to Lake Simcoe, thence on a tour oÏ
inlipection of the several naval depots of the
lakes.
There is a passing allusion to the Alciope
in the Loyalist of September 6tt-, respecting
the movements of tha.c. vessel for the remain-
der of the season.
On the 27th of the same month \ir. George
Savage advertises from York that "His
Excellency the Lieutenant,Governor ha.
been pleased to appoiut him Collector of
Customs for thali port." He succeeded Mr.
W iIliam Alla.n.
The schooner George Canning ran between
Yark and Niagara. a.t this time. Captain J.
Whitney, afterwards famous as captain of
one of the la.ke steamers, was in command.
In the following yea.r, 1829, was built at
Bath. upon the Eay of Q,uinte, by Gilder-
sleE've. the Sir James Kempt. She was
commanded by various captains and ran
b 'tween Prescott and Belleville, attaining a
speed of about twelve miles au hour.
SOLDIER AND STATESMAN.
This steamer received her name out of
compliment, not, as might be aup-
posed, to a famous sailor, but to
a noted soldier and statesrr.an, Sir
James Kempt, 8ometi'11e Lieut.-Governor
of Nova Scotia, afterwards Governor-General
of Ca.nada. He had seen service in many
different parts of the world ; in India, Hol-
land, Na.pJes, Sicily; during the Peninsular

856

LA
DMARKS OF TORONTO. 1

....[.r also, where a' the assa.ult on the Cut}. t tain J. Whitney, and her route was from
of Radajoz he wall I!nerely wounded. H. Kin
lIton to Niagara by
he head of tb.lake.
reooverbd from his injuries, and during the She wu a great favorite with the emigrants
remainder of the ca.mpaign W808 pre,;ent as fr3m the old coun\ry, pos.ibly to a Tery
Major-General, commanding a briga.de at great extent on acoount of her name. Rhe
the battles of Vittoria, Vera, NiYelle, Nive, ....as the largest vesael then on the lakea.
Orthes and Toulouse. Though he was The Upper Canada Herald, publi.hed at
again wounded at NiYelle he remained on Kingston. announce!! on December 8,1830 :
the field until the conclusion of the aetion. AUCTION.
Finally he commanded the 8th Brigade at I " Th. steam boa, Toronto, together with
Quatre Bras and Waterloo. I all her furniture, ....ùl be sold ... public
I'D a history of the lake øhipping, publish- auction to the highest bidder on Monday,
ed some years since, this vessel is erroneous- 13th inøt. The lIOle to take place on board
Iy described as the Sir J.mes Kemp. It is of the boat at 12 o'clock. t.
difficult to ulldentand how such au error Th. notice is dated December 1st preV!-
could have been ma.de, as there was but one OUB[Y.
Sir Ja.mes Kempt and but one steamer In the Upper Canada Herald of Jann&ry
named after him. No one of the name of 16th, ]831. we are told that "on Tuesdav
Kemp ever occupied any prominent position I the 18th. being the Queen'e Birthday." this
in Canada either. But human1tm est errare. WIIoS Adelaide, Queen of William 4th, "Com-

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THE STEAMER GREAT BRITAIN.
In 1829 we have the Ca.na.da. Niaga.ra' i modore anfil Mn. Ba.rrie gave an enterta.in-
Qneenstou and Alciope a.1I plyin
between ment at Kingston to 110 number of the
Kingston. York and Ni&
ara. The opening inhabitants and to the naval and military
of navigation wa.s exceødingly late in thi. officers OD the ltation."
year. for on May 16th it is noticl'd in the ANOIENT POS'!'AL ARRANGEMENTS.
Loyalist that" the steamboats ha.ve some In this year iihe owner of the Alciope, Mr.
difficulty in getting into the Niagara river Robert Hamilton. øubstituted high preasure
from the large quantities of ice paøsin
down for low prelsure en!;tines in the vessel, and
frOID the upper lake." cha.nged her name from the Alciope to that
The Túronto and Dalhouaie in this season of United Kingdom. Her new comma.nner
were both runninR between Kingston and waa Captain IB8ac Ha.rrington.
Prescott. In 1831 we find Captain Richard8OD, com-
In 1830 lit famous veasel was commenced ma.nding the Canada, ....ritinJ;t a lengthy let-
and launched. This was the Grea.* Britain ter to the Niagara Gkaner, dated York,
of 700 tons, owned by the Honorable John April 23rd. in which hø _ys :-
Hamilton and at first comm&Ildød by Cap- SIR,-The postma.ster at Nia-ga.ra havi

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

85"'1

refused this day any longer to take the way those of tbe Americans on the stocks at
letters and papers from the C.nada on her Sackett's Harbour, and which were never
arrival, as heretofort: accustomed, and the l...unched, are now fast falling to decal in
distance from the landing to the postoffice the Navy Yard at Kingston.
being 8uch, and the 8t.y of ,he Canada. so .. A seventy. four had been Bold a ftrW'
shor
&8 to preclude me from undertaking months previously for :E25, !Iond a few days
their delivery, I am of course forced to de- before our arrival a heavy squall of rain ac-
eline receiving foc the future any letters or oompanled by lightning had split the St.
papers tor Niagara. Last season the Canada. Lawrence of 120 gUDl!! down the centre.
carried themail.this tlea.son-not. But that I Thp. props giving way, the vessel broke into
the public may not fa:lCY that
he extrava. 110 thousand pieces, covering the ground all
gant compensation to tbe Canada had round with a hea.p of ruins."
weight in breakin
up the arrangement of 'Ihe narrative concludes with a prophecy
l&8t year, I beg to state that the Canada re- that the four or five frames of vessels still
ce1ved for carryin
the mail and all way there on the stocks....ill soon meet with a
letters and newspapers, Is. 3d, per trip. similar fate.
c.r 28. 6d. per day, whils' she made her OAPTAIN M'KENZIE'S DEATH.
double trips. and Is. 3d. per day when Captain McKenzie, who had been first
she made but one. "'hat will re- In command of t.he Frontenac and after-
sult from the present change? wards in that of the Alciope, died on August
The Canada will lose a. source of emolu- 27th of this yeAr. He, at the time of hIS
ment, which perhaps would ha.ve been death, 'Was engaged in the construction of
creditable w the post office bad she enjc.yed two other steamboats; one at the head of the
it from her first opening of the ferry! The lake and one at Lake Simcoe; and was, on
public will pay 7d instead of 4id for most occasions, consulted respecting the man

their letters, and receive them 24 hours agemeut of steamboa.ts, 80 tha.' he ma.y justly
later than by the Cana.da.; and the post. be called tbe father of steam na.vigation in
(>ffice will have credit for understanding Upper Canada.. His dea.th wa& considered
financial arrangements, better than Dublic a great loss to society and to the country.
accommodatiOIl-as by a retl'o
rade motion Three new steamers were launched in this
of delinry of 24 hours, i
increases the year, namely. the John By of 100 tons at
value of postage 100 per cent. Kingston; the William IV. of 450 tonq at
. I am, sir, your most obedient servant, Gananoque. and the Transit of 350 tons at
HUGH RICHARDSON, Oakville. The first of these, the John By,
M. O. of the S. P. C. fan between Toronto and Hamilton, under
\Ve have only to remark in reference to the command of Captain Kerr. She was of
above letter that the Canadian public of to- peculiar construction, haying a paddle wheel
da.y would find it very hard tù reconcile in her stern. The first one pui in was too
themselves to a. charge of seven pence or la.rge and hnd to be removed. Even when
fonrt,een cents on a letter between Toronto this WaS done the vessel did not prove a
and Niagara. !lucce.s, and she came to an inglorious end-
This year a. small steamer known as the I wrecked at Port Credit. The W illia.m IV.
Iroquois. of but 100 tons burthcI1, was ran between Toronto and Prescot.t, and
launched at Prescott. Very little is known was commanded at various times by Vap-
about her. Her route was between Prescott tains McDonald, Paynter, Jones a.nd John
and Dickinson's Landing. She wa.s what Cowan. She, having four funnels or smoke
was ca.lled a steam whE'el vessel and de- øta.cks, was visible at a long distance. She
scended the rapids. She was found unsuit- finally became a tow boar.
able foc th.t purpose and was soon laid The third of these steamers was first of all
aside. known as the Constitution. nnder the com-
AS OTHERS SAW I7S. mand of Cantain Zeeland. Later she came
Reierring to the Government dock-yard under Captãin Richardson, who with Mr.
at Kingston in 1832 is the following interest- Gilkison were the principal owners She
ing passage contained in a book published plied between York and Niagara and had
by Lieutenant E, T. Coke. of H, M. 45th her name chan
ed to the Transit. She was
Foot, entitled "A Subaltern's Furlough." fina.Uy wrecked.
He aays : In 1833 the steamer Bri'annia wa!l arlded
II Two ß
eam.rs were at t.his time con tin- to thost' alre&dy on the lake She was built
ually runDlDg between the OUawa and On- at Kingston and was ot 200 tons burthen.
tario. and the traffic of heavy boats also In the Montrer..l Stttltr of April 16th, 1833,
appeared considerable. and in subsequent numbers of the same
:c 8t;V"er
lla.rge hulks of .-essels of \\ ar, paper, is the following notice respectin,
bullt durIng the last war to cope with hel":

858

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

.. The subscribers beg to announce that
tu ne.. &Dd eleg;aDt steamer Britannia will
be r..dy early ill May
ply betWBeIl tibia
city aad Laprairie. Mr. James Thompson,
of that place, has been appointed ageDt for
the receiYÎ4g and iorwarding of property.
.. (Signed,) JOHN TOJLRANCB & Co.
&< Montrea.l, April 12tb, IM33."
Just a rnODth later, 011 May Ittb, the
8auwt popel' Jtivea t.. intelligenee of thia
'Yð8SeI, under ComlB&Dder Lucido, .. havi

c.oameoced her regular trips between MOB-
treal and Laprairie, in conjunction with the
lin. from and to the United State., Quebec
and Upper CaDada."
THREE
O'I'A]n& STJ:AIIIKB5.
In &ddition to the Brita.nnia, in the
same year 'Were built the Cobourg,

steamer of only 200 toH. Her route at first
was from HamiltoR to
I:oronto, wh
n sh.
W&.B ia charge of Captain I Ve6. Then she
.... sent to tbe Bay of Quinte, where, at .
later date, Capta.ia Grass took charge of her.
She was bailt by J. Q. Parker, a well-known
Kingston MaD. She tÌitl not prove a very
great .\lCcess.

BrockY!1le Wall of 350 tons burtben, in
length 145 f_, ill width 22i feet, and her
eabin was 84: feM loag.
The BrockviDe Recorckr of August 30,
1833, ...y.: Co The steamboat Brockville i.
to '" launcbed OD Wednesday, Sep'ember
4th, .t 12 o'clock noon. The Great Britain
and Willia.m IV. are expec
d to be in this
port at tbat honr. II In another paragraph
the editor complacently remarks regarding

". . .

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THX STEAMER WILLIAM IV,

the Kingston and the BrockviHe. I the Brockville that U sbe will probably be
Ea.eà of these steamel"Ø r
eived ita ...me the fastest &I1d best finished boat on the
from the place where it W&8 eonatructed" Canadian waters."
The Cobourg was of 500 tons burthen, &Dd Her builders were Sb,,:y &; :Merritt,
up to tbis da.te only one V

the .Fron- of Montreal, and her englllðØ were BUp-
tenac, ba.d equalled bel' in this point, a.nd plied by A".ry, of
yr&Cuse. She made
only one excelled her, namely, the Great her first trip between Brockvllle aòd the
Britain. Long Sault., uDder the command of Captain

he was the property of Charles and L. Hilliard, on April lat, 1834-
James McIntosh, two broth en, botà of 'l'H08E DOCK YARDS! !
whom died on boacd of he!' from aD attack A m"evious reference bas been made to the
of cholera in the yea.r 1834. Sàe plied from way -iu which tlae dock-ya.rcM at Kingston
Prescott to the bead of the lake, a.nd for were being neglected. III. April of this year
some time was under the char
of Captain the following advertisement appears in &
Zeeland. She will bE, hNP.' d of again from time local paper :
to time in thia åistory, DOta.bly in 1837 sALE OF NA V,\L STORES,
&Dd 1838 during the rebellion. She finally AT KINGSTON, UPPER CANADA.
became a tow boat. On tbe 20th Ma" 1834, will be offered
The Kingston was
compa.ratively small for sale, by public Auction, at Kingston

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

859

Dock Yard, Upper Canada, a large quan-
tityof

NAVAL STORES,
Q).)õSI8TI.NG OF
Anchors, frOWl 2 cwt. to 15 cwè, ; 1,000 tons
iroD b..llast,
About 200 bras.s shivered single blocks, from
4: to 5 iBches ;
Blocks com mOil, ..bout 9,000, from 4 iaches
to 23 ineh
;
Blooks double, 2,500, trom 5 inches to 20
inches .
Blocks c
eeÐing, double, treble and four-
fold, 10 in number, from 21 inches to 31
Ïftcbe8.
Do clewline, clump and long tAckle. from i
inches t.o 18 iuches;
Do suter &ad \opsail flheet, from 6 to 21
inches, 100;
Do doabl
a.nd treble eat, from It to 18
inchea. 30 ;
Do match, 12 tel 17 mchee, twenty ;
Do iroo-bouDCl top, single anù double, from
G to 20 inches, 200.
BOATS' BARGE, 41 FEET; CUTTER 38
FEET.
Bolts. anchor stock. ring. set and wrain,
1,300 ; buntin, white, red, yelloW' and blue,
8110 yards; copper bolt8tave, ODe ton, tram
1-2 to 1 1-2 inches; il'on, rO\lnd and square,
9 tons, from 3-4 to 2 3-8 inches; tar brushes,
cham cables, with gear; canvass, 1,500
bolts, from number 1 to 8; iron casks, 300

number; Carpenters' tools, compasses,
signal :flags !lend pendants; sixty coils bolt
rope, kom 3-4 to 6 inches; 100 coils rope,
cable laid ; 15 coils cordage, 350 coils, haw-
ser laid; 1,000 cringles of sorts, 1,200 dead
eyes, 300 hearts, timber dogs, fearBought
files, glass, 3,000 panes, stone
round;
hammers, ha.mmocks, hinges, tackle hooks
caulki?g irons, kersey, old lead, 4 toos;
lead pIpe, from I 1-2 to 3 inches; lines,
chalk, deepsea, Jog aDd hand, 2,000 m
:aumber; lock., brasa, 100 in number'
turni':;1g lathes, with tools, 2 øeta; mauls:
450 1n number; DW of a.ll sorts !l.nd
spikes,
o tons; needles, paint, chain
pump gear; sails for friGates, 2 set;;.
shivers lignumvitae, 3,000 in number

&teel Ge,rman ; &taves, Canadian; 8 barrels

rpc
tlne ; twine, 4 tons; wire, copper ;
Wlre, Iron; several old and half worn boa.ts .
,with a grea.t number of other articles of
Naval and olù Stores; also,
THE BULLFROG YARD BOAT
of a.bout 60 tons, nearly new and compl
tely
rigged, and well furnished in eyery respect.
will make an excellent Packet. ·
Pine plank, about 19,000 Ïee\ ; elm board,
4,000 feet ; oa.
bOArd, 1,500 feet; and sev-
eral thousand teet of oak &00 pine timber.

A quantity of Slop clothing and beddiug,
provisions ..nd rictualling Btores.
The uJe to commence at 10 o'clock, .L K.
and to continue every W'orkwi day antil the
Bale is o&oeed. -
The biddings to be in aterlin
money, the
DohaI' 4s'. 4d. .A d
po.it of 25 per oeat.
to be paid a.t tfie time of purch'.ae. which
will bec.,me forfeited
the Crown if tbe ft-
ma.inder of the purchaae money be not paid,
and the 8torea ta.ke.n ..way, on or before tbe
7th day of June next.
Tho Stor.. may be seen, and further par-
ticulars loa.rned, on application to the Mas
tel'
hipwrigbt at Kingston Dock Yard.
ROBERT MOORE, Master Shipwright.
April
. 1834.
STILL MORE 8TKAMEBS.
In an advertisement respectin
the move-
ments of the stea.mer Cobourg for the season
of 1834 it is noticeable t.ha.t York has now
become Toronto. The latter place is 80 des-
cribed v;i&;b the pa.renthetica.l addition "late
York. II
In 1834 the Commodore Barrie was btlllt
at Kingston by Henry Gildersleeve. She
was of '1:15 tons c.lpacity, and her com-
rr.ander was Ja.mes Sinclair. Her route
was from Prescott to Toronto and Niaga.ra.
Her advertisement states that she W&8 pro-
pelled by two superior low preHsure engines
of Mears. ,\1 Hrd & Co. manufacture.
From the Western Mercury of Augr.st 7.
1834, pubhabed at Hamilton, it is learnod
tBa' a new steamboat bu.ilt at Oakville
(and known as the Oa.kvilJe,) bad com

mencecl running dliÙty between Ha.milton
aod Toronto, Sundays excøpted. This
atea!"iler is cleBcrib-d &a being a. very hand.
Bome boa.t and elegantly fitted up. Her
captain was James Mills
The St. George, a fine steamer of 400 tons
wa.a built and launched at Kingston earlÝ
in 1834. She ran from thel-e to ,h6 hea.d
of the lake. A paragrsph is contained in
the Hamilr.on Western .Mercury of June
16th in that year Bayin
tha.t the st.eamers
Constitution. with 70 emigra.nts, the Cobonr'!,
St. George and William IV. with 300, llO
and 90 respectively had landed these pas-
sengers at Hamilton.
The St. George's commandmg officer was
Lieutenant Ha.rper, R. N. The veesel he
commanded waa at this timo the only low
pressure, schooner-rigg

eøeel on the t..ke
and it was claimed for her by her owne

that &8 a sea-boa.t there were .olle to Bur-
pass, ii any to equal, hmo. Amon
the other
steamers plyin
bet\\ een the ,'ariolls lake
ports at this time was an American deamer,
whose route was from Ogd.e.nsburgh to Kings-
ton, thence by Sa.ckett's Harbor, Ûbwego
and Rochester to Toronto, pcoceedilJg from

860

J.ANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

there to Niaga.ra and LewistoD. She wa3
called tihe Oswego, Captain J. T. Homanll"
A .tealDE'l' known a.a the Enterprise wu
also built a.t KingstOft in 18301, hut ..he ran
for.. very br-ief period, being apeedily broken
up. Another, knowD IUI Ùle U nioD, to ply
between Hamilton and Toronto, was a.lao
completed ..t Oak vilIe at neArly the same
time. She was owned by a joint ltock
company. She 1nu a.f.terward. conyer'ed
into a baraue.
A llte
er caUed the Peter Robin.oD,
built late in 1833, or very early in the fol-
lowing yea.r, to ply upon L..ke Simcoe. was
offered for s&Ìe in the ",ummel' of 1834 by
her owner, l\fr. Charles Thompson, th
reason alle'ted beillll that h. (Thompson)
found it impossible to be absent trom home
to attend to the bOdt. himself. However,
Mr. Thompson had to make it possible, for
no sa.le was effected jwt then at any rate.
Those who knew La.ke Simcoe at a much
later date thal1 18:34 will not much wonder
a.t it.
A paragraph appeared in the KingRton

ick late in July of a somewhat enig-
mll.tica.l na.ture. announcin
that several
vea:;sels, "should circnmstances permit,"
would be speedily added to th
lake service.
What this referred to was never clearly
expla.ined, or even explaint:d at all.
STILL THEY COlllB.
Another steamer that did good service
on the la.kf"s .vas built in 1835 in Scotland
and put together in .Montreal, and under
Captain Jame3 Sutherland plied upon the
lake. She was called the Traveller, and
she did Dot belie her name, for she was of
excellent 8peed and capacity. In the end
she was put to useful bl1t somewhat ignoble
work, being converted into a tow-LJoa.t.
She will be often heard of in the llcxt few
years. For the first time in the history of
the Canada steamship she appears in IS::!5
nnder another commander. Frank Bury
in this year takes the place of Captain Rich-
ardson ; the latter remains th u.'rh Boll man-
agbg owner. The steamer's route was the
same. On February!4th an advertisement
appears in the Toronto Courier offeriag for
sa.le the schooner Humber of 50 tons burthen.
She waslyiDg Mat of Cull's wharf.
,,_ L_ Whi
i:lg &; Co., of Broch-ilIe, also
advertise in t.he same and in other proviuciai
papenl .. that they will be prepared ..t the
op 'uing of navigation with 110 sufficient num.
bel' of mo.s4; improved covered barges to en-
Bure despatcb in the transport of produce to
Montreal, and merchandise from thence by
the St. Lawrence to any J:)art of Upper Can-
ada." These gentlemen a.lso notify the public
that II entries are passed at the Custom
House without chsrge of comlLission."

What wind and w.ter did for the in-
hn.bitantð of Toronto BOme dozeD years later
was in 1835 proposed to be effecte.i bya.rtiíi.
cial mealls. The proposition WM to huiM
a cana.l or .. cut" acroM tåe peninøula., of-
poøite Toronto. A mee&iDg was called ia
furtt,erance of thia proj
OIl March 3,
1835. when one ol the reaeOD8 given in .up-
port of the scheme ..... thAt .. It wOQld
mo.' certa.inly, by letting in tbe pure wate!'
of the lake, purify the ...aters of the bay."
Nature made Ü1is ..
lIt,H no. ID&IlY yeen

o, and yet,strange to "'1, people are to be
found who venture to assert that II the
waters of t.Àe bay" a.re only eTen eompara-
tively pure, wben compared. ...ith, well, let
us 8&Y a Yery dirty canal.
The steamer Cobourg in 1835 had IWI her
capt.a.Ïn C. .Paynter aDd made her trips as in
the eeuon previously. The ConstltatiOll
became the Transit, and under Hugh Rich.
ardeon, (formerly master of tOe Canada and
.till beL' m:mager,) ran from Hamilton to
Toronto, Port Hope, Cobourg and Rochester-.
On June 18th, 1835, the Ureat Hritain, Cap-
tain J. Whitney, arrived in Toronto harbor
with a very large number of emigr
ts. This
steamer ran from Prescott to Toronto and
Nia.ga.ra. At tbe latter port ,be Americn.n
steamer United Sta.tes, Capt&.in J. Va.n
Cleve. ran in connection with her to porta
011 the oppOðite side.
This &es.son the Petel" RobiDEon w&s again
upon La.ke Simcoe, Charlea ThompElon still
be ng her owner, and connecting with her
W&8 the Pene a.nguiahen3 for Isle St. Joseph.
the Sault Ste, Marie a.nd Mackinac.
AN INGENIOUS PLAN.
La
in tbe YeAr, on November 10th, a
terrible storm took place on the la.ke. Two
schooners "'"ere wrecked off the " Ducks,"
nea.r Kingston, a place tha.t has beeu me-
tioned several times alrea.dy, and always, 01:'
nearly 80, in connection with 8Om6 shipping
di aster.
Other sa.iling Yea:!lels that are mentioned
inclnde the Three Brothers, 1'10 called aftel'
the McIntosh Brothers: John, who com-
manded her; Charles, who h d charge of
another lake schooner. the Superior, a.wl
Robert, the ma.st<<' of the E\lnice, pre-
viouslv mentioned. There were several
others also, na.mely, tho Robert Burns, the
Emily, the Prosperity, Fa.nny and Perse-
verance; besirles the Guernsey, Peacock,
Ca.roline, Fair America.n, Sovereign, J e5SÍo.::
\Voods, Erin, Chadottf", WiDuebago, Lord

elson, EnterpriM and Boxer. Of theM
the Fanny, Sovereign and Jeøsie Wood&,
were the property ot J\lr. James Lockhart,
of Niagara. 'l:he firat named was under the
comm&Dd of Ca.pta.iu Dick, a Itallant. ea.ilor
and enterpri9Ù1g man. A ilreat. dea.l will

LAXD
IARKS OF TORONTO.

861

be heard of him as this hUitory progresses. On Ma.y 18th the Hamilton Ga'Z-etú pub-
Ca.pta.in Pecke, a veteran sa.ilor, w&s ihe liahðs this advert.i2lement :
officer in command of ,he Hoxer. He is "Office of the Grand River Navigatioa
stated M this t.ime to h..ve been navigating Company, Seneca,GrAnd River, July 21,1836.
the lakes for nearly for", yeal'8. " At a. meeting of the Board of Directora
Captain George in his barge from Quebec of the Grand River Navigation Company of
visit.ed .roran 0 in 1835, This m... W&8 not this da,e it was
a u.i.lot" by profeuion, bu' he was a born "ORVERED
nautical mechanician, He had a scheme for "Tha.t the first; steamboat of not less
en&bling loaded veliBels to ov
rcome tbe than fifteen hOrlte power t1\a.t sha.U plV on
rapids of the St. Lawrence and reach t.be the Grand Riyer, from Dunnville to the
upper ports on the river without disturbing head of the uavi
ation when opened. ehll.U
their cargoes. This was '0 b
&one 1.y pul- be allowed to pass toll free through the
lef8 or chains anchored in the bed ùf the locks of this na.vigation as long as she sb..U
river or fixed upon the banks. He con- ply thereon. II
triyed to get his own vessel up in this way, The same privilege was also to be
ìoa.ded with a
eneral a.8sortment of mer- extended to the two first covered bar
es
chandise. But the expense was too great costing not leas than $1,000 that pasaed
for private owners, and as the construction through, The advertisement WI\S signed
of canals round the rapida \\ IIoIi BOon after- U By order of the Board, J ames Little, Sec-
wards completed, contrin,nees like that of retarv."
Captain George, however ingenious, were Th
ee steamboats, the 13ir James Kempt,
useless. Dr. Sca.dding describes George's the Brockvï1le and the Kingston, were in
barge aM po5iie88in", a peculiar rig, its this f!
a.son plying between Prescott and the
masts formine above
he deck a sort of large Bay of Quinte, touching at Hollowell both
St. Andrew;'. eroas, such being, in his up and down.
opinion, the moat convenient arra.ngement - A steamer known as the Thomas McKa.y
for working the leg of mutton or triangular plied between Quebec and By town (Ottawa)
sai s which he used. Ia reference to the in this year, but her journeys ap
r to
navigation of the rapids let us here ment on bave been somewhat spasmodic.
that Captain Ma"well first navigated in a In t!:.e !Same season we find between To-
sseamboat the deep channel of the Lou't ronto and Hamilton the ßritannia., under
Sault, and Captain HIlliard on boa.rd the Capt.ain Herchmer. She had been huilt in
Ontario first descended .he rapids at La.- KingÜon and WM of 200 tons burden.
chine. 'rhe steamer William IV. was in the
In the Hamilton f:autte of Februa.ry 6'h, season of 1836 placed under tbe command of
1836, thiB a.dvertisement is found: Captain Hilliard, who has bceu previously
" The Schooll"r Aurora, mentioned as the captain of the Brockville
.. Edward Zeeland, Ma.ster, on the Bay of Quinte.
"Intenda running during the winU!r, when The Kingeton Chronicle of an early date,
thE we2l.ther will permit, between the Burling- in May, IS:{6, speaks of the steamer Byto\vn,
tun Can I and t.he t.arrison wha.1"Í a.t To- run"ing from Kingston to By town. (Ottawa)
l'OUto Enquire for her arrival and depar- also of the Cata.raqui, belonging to the
ture at .Mr. I.urley's Hotel." Ottawa and Rideau Ganal Forwarding Com-
:MEW YEAI!. CHANGES. pany, a.8 h3tvin
jun been iaul1ched. This
N aviJ!:B.'i:ion opened ear y ill Me.,. iu 18:
b, vcssel was under Capta.in Chambers. The
and the Hamilton Gazette thus alludes to the sa.me comp"'ny had two other steamers on
steamboats on the lake: ' the route between By town and Montreal,
.. The I'ra.nsit, Captain Richa.rdson ' s beau- namely, the Ottll.wa an.ì the 8hsnnon.
tiful veslel, is ready to start the moment I The followinJZ advertii;ement appears in
her icy tetters are broken, and our old, safe the Toronto Courier of :\1 ay 28th:
a.nù comforta.ble friend, the Canada, is reddy " CUTTER FOR SALE.
to follow in her wake. \Ye hear she is in- U The well-known GOTernment built cutter.
teuded to go to some port to the eastward, Bull Frog, about 40 tOllS burthen, with all
and if the ice ren:e.ins much lon
er we :shall, her running and atanding rig
Ï11
complete,
sure as eggs are eggs, see the gallant cap- and in
ood sailing order, will be sold very
taint as he hBS done before, cut his way low for cuh or approved endorsed notes f
1"
cut,.' half the purchasè money. For particulars
The Cobourg h"d had new boilers put in apply to "BURKE & O'NEILL,
at a cost. of $2,500, and both it and the " Toronto. !I
'l'ra.veller bad been generally repaired. Another advert
8ement, relating to the
The Tr

sit m&de her first trip from To- na.viga.tion of the lr.ke, appears in the same
rOJ1to to 1Üa.gara on May let. paper on Au
ust 18th. It tells us tha.t :

862

LANDM.A RKS OF TORONTO.

II The well-known steamboat Oswego,Cap-
t&in Malcolm, and Oneid , Capta.in Smith,
wHl ply d&ily (Sundays excepted) between
Oswe
o and Lewiston, in connection with
the ateamer Tranl!it, Captain Richardson,
"liming from Lewiston and Niagara every
morning to Toronto. Travellers who take
passage on board .aid boats will arrive in
Torollto by nuon next day and at the low
fare of $4 50 from 08W6
O."
It will be øeen from this notioe that a
chlWJge has beeR made in the command of the
O.wego, i* being tranllÍerred from Captain
Homans to Malcolm.
:KINGSTON NAVAL SrORES.
On June 27th, 1836, there was a great
public 11110 Ie ot nan.! stores at Kingston Dock
Y..rd. Besides stores of every imaginable
kind used in ship building the sale included
one frigate, in frame, 56 guns; one ship.
in frrome, 22 guns; one brig, in frame, 14
gune, and one schooner, in frame, of 4
"nDS; ..litO the Cockburn schooner, 70 tons,
paid off in 1834. with her masts and spars;
alsð the Bull Frog, tender of 60 tons, with
her salls and rigging in store; also ten
un
boats in good condition, "as far as they
are finished," to quote the exa ct words
of tbe advertisement, beeides "one old
schooner and four old ships of war
lying aground on the mud in the ha.rbour,"
to again quote the same source. But besides
this decidedly miscellaneous collection
tkere wero twelve boa.t-s new, and in use,
from 14 to 32 teet, chiefly built of the best
rock elm, and in addition were offered for
sale six tire engines, three in good repair;
the other three the advertisement contents
itself by describing as II repairable," which
was a strictly non-committal statement.

l:he papers of the day give no information
how this sale resulted. There was no alter-
ation maele for the season of 1836 ;n the
sailinJl: arrangements of the Great Britain
and United States from that which 0"-
tained in 1835, a.nd their respective com-
manders were unchanged. There wall,
though, a small steamer, sUbsidIary to them,
rnnning from Prescott to the head of the
Loug Sault rapids, called the Dolphin. She
does not appear to have been a vessel of any
pretensions.
The Montrea.l Gazette of June 28th haa
this brief advertisement:
.. ,For sale, the new steamboat Toronto,
forty-five horse power, and the Lady:\ d-
mer steamboat. Apply to A. 1'. Hart,
Three Rivers."
These were probably small river .tea.mers
running to Montreal. The first named of
thom must not be connected with the boat
of the sa.me llame, which ha.s already been
mentioned as having been built in Toronto.

Under the heading II Port Credit For-
warding Busine8i," on July 6th, Captain
John Mosier acquaints his friend, and the
pnbiie that he has est.blIshed him.elf at
the
and thriYing village at the mouth
of the river Credit for the purpose of car-
rying on
forwarding business in all ita
branches. He respectfully soHeib pa-
tronage. and in doing so adds the ufmrance
that an bu.iness entrusted to his charge
will be promptly ..nd carefully attended to.
In the Toronto Courier of the same date,
and siãe by side with Captain Mosier's ad.
vertisement, is another announcin
that the
schooner Adelaide, of 120 tons, Captain
J. Atkinson, will sail from Toronto for Pen-
etanguishene, Kettle Creek, Amherstburg.
Sandwich or Goderich, on or about July
15th or 20th. Intending passengers were
to apply to James :Browne, Esq:, Toronto,
or to the master on board. There is some-
thing delightfully vague in the announce-
ment .. on or about the 15th"; a Jay or so
either ""y appears to have been of no mo-
ment.
The Peter Robmson was on Lake Simcoe
this as in the prec.ding .eason. There is
a reference ma.de to her in the announce-
ment of a plea.sure trip across Lake
Huron, contained in the Toronto Courier
of July 23rd, which states that tbe steamer
Penetanguishene \villieave the port; of the
same name on August 9th for the Grand
.Manitoulin and St. Joseph Islands, he
Sault Ste Marie and Michillimackinac,
stopping a day or two at each place, return-
illg by the same route to the port of de-
pa.rture. That wa.s purely pleasure. The
business-like pa.rt of the excursion is shewn
in the concluding paragraph of the a.d.
vertisement with its peremptory statement
that intending excursionists will be reo
quired fo leave Holland Landing in the
.teamboat Peter Robinson, on ,Monday
lùormng, August 8th, at 8 o'clock.
1n the 'roronto Courier of .A ugust 20th,
is a notifica.tion of the intended sale by
auction 011 the 30th of the Bame month by
James M. Strange, at his rooms on Yonge
Btreet, of the schooner Plough Boy and the
sloop
lartin Van Buren, they havmg been
condemned for offences against the revenue
laws. These two yessels were probably
both American smugglers. Among their
cargo s was not only "a large quan-
tity of Young Hyson tea.." but also
.. one barrel of whiskey and seven boxes
of segars."
On September 3rd Sir FranciB Bond Head,
the newly appointed Lieutenant-Governor
of Upper Canada, returned to Toronto
from a short tour in the cast
rn divis on of
the province in the stEamer Great Brita.in,

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

863

taking up his quarters at Government I A FAVORITE DISAPPEARS
House. The Provincial Parlia.ment &alembled early
In the 'roroRto CouMer of Septemb6!' 17th" in 1837, &Dd on March 22nd the Hamilton
copied from the Detroit .Advertiser of the GaZÆtte gives a lon
lis Ii of Bills which had
previous Aups1; 27th, is a paragraph io the passed during the session. Among th08e
eft'ect that the editOl' of that paper had relating to the provincial marine there were
heard from Capt&in Robinson, of the steamer as follows :-" Th. Acts incorporating the
Genera.l Gratiot, that a schooner of thirty GraÍton Harbor Company, providing for
tons burden, without color or name, and the surv.y of the Ottawa River; granting a
containing a crew of twenty-three persons loan to the South Harbor Company, Ni&-
armed with pistols, dirks alld muskets, was gara, and also to a similar company at Gan-
taken in the St. Clair River under strong anoque; Acta compelling vessels to carry a
suspicion of having piratical intentions. Re- light; at night, ud also for the improvement
ferring further to these men the Detroit of the navigation of the River Trent ; alBa
paper says" they were all ornamented with incorporatin
the company of t!le Port Dar,
huge moustaches, and were commanded by I lin 2 ton harbor; enabling the Cp,nada Com-
one whom they called General Dixon." pany to erect a harbor at Goderich; incor-

-"""".
- !

1!1I1U11'
_ _ s.......
. . 1:&.&.1 - =- ,

___: f:-

THE STEAMER U.!\ITED STATES,

The steamers on the lake throughout the
season of 1836 comprised among them the
Traveller, Transit, Britannia, Hamilton,
Great Britain, Canada, Commodore Barrie,
Cobourg and OakviIi. ; on the Bay of Quinte
the Sir .Tames Kempli, Brockville and King-
ston; on Lake Simcoe the Peter Robinson,
and making occasional trips on Lake Huron
was the Penetanguishene. In addition to

ese there were the American steamers we
have more than once mentioned, namely,
the Oswego, Oneida and United States. In
the following year, 1837, several other
ste&men were added to the now rapidly in.
creasing fleet. They were the Sir Robert
Peel, of 350 tons; the Queen Victoria, of
200 tons, and the Experiment, of 150 tons.
More will be said of these presently.

porating the Bev
r1y Navigation Company.
the Fort Erie Canal Company; and several
Acts authorizing loans to various tOWDB to
enable them to perfect their harbors or com-
plete the erection of lighthousea.
The 8chooner Britannia, forming & portion
of the estate of William Crooks, of Niagara.
deceased, WM offered for sale 011 March 23cd
by his executors. Beyond the fa.ct that she
was at the time of sale lying in O&kville.
there is no further information given cor.-
cerning her.
The Traveller in 1837, Captain Jamea
Sutherla.nd, made two trips a week betweea
Rochester, Cobourg, Pod Hope IUld To-
ronto, and between HamiUon, 'Toronto, Port
Hope and Cobourg. The Bri'ia.nnia, no
lODier under Captain Herchmer. bg1; under

864

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

William
olc1ough. ran daily bällfeen To- I Capt. James Sutherland, wi the Traveller,
.on'o and Hamilton. calling each way at has already been mentumed Bev
ral times,
Port Credit, Oak vi Ie and Burlington Bay. and there are not many men now liTing ia
The Hamilton Gaulte on April 19th refers Toronto who can look back twenty-five or
to the lAke steamers and to their routes and thirty yean or more without calhng to
commanders for the sea.!!lon then commenc- mind this popular. good, honest and
ing :-The William IV., Ca.ptain Hilliard, thorough seaman. (althougà 1.l1olff in his
was to sail from Prescott to Toronto. The demeanor). He came to this country
Great Brita.i.n, t;aptaill Whitney, continued shortly before t
rebellion of 1837,
the sarno route &S in 1836, The Commodore A GALLANT SAILOR.
narrie. Captain HerchlC9r, cUd likewise He navigated the first steamship (\be Uni-
The (obourg wa.s eommanded this seaeon corn) across the ocean t<, Quebec.. He was
by Captain Harper. R.N., la e of the St. also m the Hudson Bay senice, and WM
George. The latter was under charge of her placed in command, shortly after his arrival
former purser. These vessels ran from Pres- in Canada, of tbe steamer Traveller, which,
cott to Torouto in conjunct.ion with one in 1835 and some years following, raR
anotper during the season. between Hamilton Id1d Prtscott, a.ud during

l'he
ir James Kempt : nd Brockville. tho rebellion earried troops to different
Captain Calder, continued to run from Pres- points on la.ke and riTeI'. In 1840 he WIU!
cott to the ßay of Quinte. he 'Transit, placed in eommand of the new steamer,
Captain Richardson, was between Toronto i'\ ia
ara, (name .fterwards changed tc
and Niagara ('aptain Hichardson's formél' Sovereign). She W&l a tast vessel for tho..
steamf'r. the Ccl.nada, ha now been finally days, and was plact'd in the line of Royal
witdrawn from service on the la ' e Maill!lteamen. In 1842 Cap," John Elmslev
During h
r
ntlre career, with the excep- and Donald Bethtme. Esq: purchued the
tion of {.ne season. whEn she ran from Sovereign from Hon. Jno. Uamilton, &Dd
OSwE'
O to Kingston, she had been 011 the Capt. Elmsley eommanded her. Capt,
Niagara route. Hf'r end cume through Sutherland was then pli\ced in command
running ashore Ileal' O..wego, wnen she WaD of the St, George, a good, staunch sea boat,
wrecked and fina.lIy broken up. but inferior and slower than tbe Sovereign'
LlHHT HOU:òE COMMISSIONERS. This chan
e wa.s not agreeable to him, PST-
On April 6th the l;pp" Canada Gazetú tlcularly as he freqnently suffered the morti-
snnoullced th.t his Excdlency the Lif'ut.eu- fication of seeing hil!l tormor IIhip pus him
ant Governor had been plea
ed to appGlIIt on the route up 'he lake. The S, Georg

\VilJiam Chisholm, George
halmers, and was on the direct route between Kingston
Mel.rick Thomas, Esquirt's, to be commis- and Niagsra, and it oeca.sionn.lIy happened
sioners for the erectioll of a hghthouse at that the Sovereign also left on her trip from
Oakviile; Colin C. Ferrie and Edmond Kingston to Toronto nearly an hour after
Ritchie, E",quites, to complete the Burling- the _,to George had started on her upward
ton Canal; also to be commissioner
. under trip, and it ,,"as on one of these occasions
an Act pal!l!\ed in the previous session. the 'that Capt. Suther:and came out with one of
Honorable Z. Burnham, G. S. Boulton. his queer sayings. \Vhen the Rt.Gf'orge was
Atcx. McDonell, A. S Fraser, and Robert off the c. Ducks," about twenty-five miles
Jameson, E",quires, to impro'\"e the naviga- west of Kingston, the Sovereigu was obse
vt'(l
tion of the inbnd waters of the district of some distance a-stern, but overtakin
the
:Newcastle; also William owden, John T. St Heorge rapidly and ,,"ould 8QOD pass her.
'Williams, and 'William OWl!ton, Esquires. Sútherland Daced the deck, now and then
for the erection of a lighthouse on Gull casting his eyes on theapproachingSoverE'ign.
I!-oland: finally,
tajor Honnycastie. \\ il- ltis mate said to him, "Captain, here
liam Henry Draper, and Hugh Richardson, comes the Sovereign after us." Suther-
Esquires,. commi sionf"rs for the improve- land lookocl astern a_aiu, and hitching
ment of the hal'bor of Toronto up his trousers,
ailor fashioD, lk'1id with
The Hamtlton Gazette of May 10th pub- a sort of grin, ., So she is after us, is
lishes the following pa.ra1!t'a.p (.xtract d she! Well, we WIll soon pay her off in
from the Cobourg ....tar :-.. Rice Lake- The her own coin, and be after her shortly."
steamboat Sir J( B. Head (formp.rly the The writer calls to mind just now, another
Not\humberland) will commence running in of Capt. Sutherland's characteristic rf"marks,
a few datts She is intended to perform the and many more might be added if fully re-
'rip to
ully and blicK every day (Sundays membered... One of his cabin waiters was
exceptrd). The Pen'adash has also been quite a clevf'r mu!;ician, and performed very
fitted at great expense by \I r. \ \. Boswell, well on the cornopian, be bavin;;: been 1\
and will ÌJe reaJ.y in a few tìays for the be.nd!'man in one of the re
iments stationed
sail e route," at Toronto. On certain occasions, \\ hplI

LAND}IARKS OF TORONTO.

865

leaving or arnvIDg in port, this musician f
eling ca.'1}e over him that he should not
would treat the passengers to some popular leave Toron
then. fIe said it looke<t I1ke
air. One day, &8 the vessel, the Niagara, a presentiment of evil. Of course, the
was approaching port he went forward t.o deRth of a man so well and favour-
the wheelhouse, where Capt. Sutherland abl:r known as Captain
utherland,
&tood, bringing the steamer to the wharf, particularly iD the sudden and unexpected
aDd commenced playing Bome lively air. manner in which it occurred. would cause
Tbe Captain a.ppeared annoyed, and said to great sorrow, and deep, heartfelt sympathy
:him, in 110t very complimentary language: for his wife and family.
.. I ea.y there, stop blowlDg that horn of BATES AND DUES-STORMS.
,ours, you Ia.nd lubber, and bear a haud in The Commissioners appointed by the Lieu.
àaulin
in the slack of that bow line." The tenant-Go..-ernor under Act of Parliament to
poor performer was frigh
ened out of his luperintend the completion of Gull Island
wita, and ma.de direc
for the ca.bin to hide Light House, advertised in the Cobourg,
his mortification a' the abrupt termination Kingston and Toronto newspapers in June
ei bis favourite melody. for tenders for this purpose. These are
THE STEAMER MAGKET. the conditiolUJ under wbich proposals by
Capt, Sutherland's great desire was \ø contraC1i were to be given in :
sail a steamer of his own. and it waa not lat.-'I'he plans and øpecifica.tions are alone
10ag befora his ambition was fully to be the ,rule for making proposals.
gratified. \V ith the asaistance of his friends 2d. -Contractors are to make at their own
1Ie went to Scotland, and contracted with expenlSe all boats, skows, wharfs and
a Clyde firm to model and supply ma.- machinery of whatsoever kind that ma.y
terials for an iron !!teamer for the ser- be required for completing the work,
vice of the lake. The British Govern- a.1so to snstain upon their 0\\ n responsi-
Jaeot took a. large proportion o-f the nock, bilitY', all risk, injury or àamage of every
with the Tiew of using her in the event of kind, sort or description that may oc-
WM' with the States, but otherwise not to cur to the works from the commcnce-
have any control over the v8IIsel.
he was menti to T heir completion,
modelled on the Clyde, and afterwards put 3d. -Those who give in proposals ftore re-
tojlether a' Niagar& by James and Neil quiI"f!d to find competent security for
Currie, the latter of whom DOW resides in the proper &nd due performance of the
this city (1893). She w. called the contract.
Ma.gnet, was a great Bucce_, and ia .till as Ø" The editors of the Cobourg Star,Kings-
good &8 ever, a Dew boiler and a new ton Chronicle and Gazette, a.nd Patriot News-
deck haTing bee. 8uppliðd. Capt. S.ther- papers. are requested to
ive the above two
b.nd commanded her for many years. iusertiona in their respective papers at their
but he was killed with. many others on earliest opportunities.
M&rch BI, 1857, at "at dreadful railway The Cobourg St9.r of August 2nd, 1837,
horror in Cl'oasin
the Desjardins Canal notes the arrival there on Friday, July
OIl iheir way from Toronto
Ham- 28th, of t,he new stea.mboat Sir Robert Peel
il:OD. The writer Wall at the Grand from Oswego on her first trip up the lake.
Trunk depot when the
ain left, and The paper remarks concerning this vessel
.w many acquaintances then on their that:
d.pr.rture, including Capt.
ntherland. "She is alto
ether of novel con"truc-
The news of Ulo dieaater receind shortly I tion, being built for speed, of remarkable
&:Iter filled aU 'l'oronio wit.h dismay, at- length and narrow in the beam 80 as to draw

l'd ... it wu with many mod painful I but little water, (only four ted as she lay
cnrcumstanCM. Capt. Sutherland and Mr. at the wharf,) .and presents the least pos-
Zimmerman were together on t.he same' .ible resistance in her passa
e through it. ,.
&eat, a.nd were b ltà ÌD!\ta.ntly killed, and The paper goes on to say that the vessel
many others Capt. Henry Tlwoby, well 'fI'as tastefully fitted up, .. entirflly for the
known in Toronto. had a DArrow escape; accommodation of passengers, and i. in-
lie went down to MMI c..pi. Sutherland off, tended, we understand, to Touch regularly
and he c
lUJented k>> aooompauy Sutbedand here on her palì8age
and from Oswego.
io HamIlton, and actually took his !Seat Kingston, &c., every week, on the above-
bMide him for thAt obj
whee suddenly named day.. The Honorable Judge Jonea,
he aa.i
: u On reflecti
I wiil pos
pone of Brockville, and a large party of f'l"lends
my trip, as I h&Te aomethm<< to do at home." were on board, who, with her commander,
So he shook handa with his friends, and Capta.in Bury, formerly in the Eu.s1i India.
had only juat tim.e to lea.... tbe uain. aerviC'e, report most favorably of LeI' .ailing
Twoh
afterw.arda \old the writer tha' qualitiea. They represent her .. being
u he aa.t w
Sather1aad talkiDJI. a wholly free fro.. t.e disagreeable jar of .be

866

LANDMARK
OF TOROKTO.

engine common to otber boats; and at the Collector, or his Deputy, fer receiving from
same time anticipa.te from her shape that the capt.ains of the rospective vessels the
!She
ili prove a great deal faster." amount of rates a.pportioned as above, for
On July 29th tendors were invited by tho the payment of which the said captains
commissioners, Me.srs. D. Campbell, Thomas shan satisfy the Collector or his Deputy, be-
Reid &Dd Bernard McMahon, from expe. fOl'e the removal of said articleiJ from
denced contr&Ctors for
ho erection of a the whArf or pier upon which the same may
Li
ht Rouse at Presqu 'Isle Point, and it be landed.
IS at the same time notified that "good Tho aboTe rates, tovether with the
and sufficient security will be required regulations relative theret.o, to take
for t.he due performance of the contract:' effect from the thirteenth day of Septem-
A storm of great violence swept Lake
er, 1837. and all persons concerned to be
Ontario in the early days of Augud, the governed thereby, under the pf'nalties im.
schooner Union, of Por' Hope, being wholly posed by the Provincial St&tut8. 3rd'ViI.
wrecked; her crew succeeded in reaching liam IV., chapter 32
land lafely. The pasaengers of the Cobourg, SCHEDULE OF RATE'3 to be collected at
who were ..Iso expo .ed to the fury of this the port of Toronto,for wharfage on artICles
terrible storm, published a card of thanks landed from on board of ves.els or other
to Captain Ha.rper in which they expressed crafts lying under, a.nd prùtected by, the
" their warm admiration of his intrepitlity pier erected for the benefit of the harbor
and able management on so tryinít &n oc- at Toronto, under authority of an Act of the
pasion, as well as of their entire con1idence Provincial Le$tislature, passed in the third
in the qualities of the boat itself. It lelsion of the eleTenth Parliament. viz:-
The following Order-iu,Council, respect- Merchandise, per ton, weight or measure.
ing vessels frequenting Toronto harbor, was ments.a.a per bill of lading. . . , . . [, 0 2 6
issued on September 7th: Flour, per barrel. . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. 0 0 2
IN COUNCIL. Pork, do do. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . . .. 0 0 3
IT IS OHDERED by His Excellency the Ashes, do do.... .............. 0 0 9
Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council, that the Salt. do do.................,. 0 0 2
following Schedule of Rates ani Regulations I Lumber, per thousa.nd feet, for
be adopted; and all persons whom the every forty-eight hours. . . . . . . .. 0 2 0
premis8ømuy concern are required to conform I Double \v a
gon and Horscs, . . . . .. 0 2 6
themselves thereto. Sin,;le \Vaggon slid Horses. . . . ... 0 I 6
JOHN BEIKIE, Horsel and Horned Cattle, each,.. 0 I 0
Clerk Executin Council, Cider and Apples, per barrel. .. . .. 0 0 2
SCHEDULE OF RATES to be .::ollected Whiskey, per barrel. . . ... . . .. ... 0 0 3
upon cargoes of vessels coming into the \Voed. per cord, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0 0 3
port of Toronto, and unladen within the
tone, per toise.............. - '. 0 7 6
same, for the purpose of raising a !und for The above to become payable before
defraying the principal and intorest of the breaKing bulk.
sum of [,2,000, granted for the con. true- Each passenger'8 baggage, not
hon of improvements in the harbor of To- exceeding a cart, single horse
rontf',viz:- load..................,......... 0 0 6

IeÌ"chandise, per ton, weight or measure- For every steamer touchin
at the
mant, per bill of lading. . . . . . . . _ . . .. . lOll. pier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . 0 5 0
Floar. per barrel, . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , . . .. ld. For every schooner touching Mi
Pork, do do...........,..........,I
d. pier.................,........ 0 2 6
Ashes. do do. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 3d For each s ea-ner winterinsz at the
Salt, do do....................... Id. new works..................,. 210 0
Sheep and pigs, each.,..... _ . . .. . . . ., Id, For each schooner, above 50 tons. . 1 5 0
Cider or apples, per barrel. . .. . ..... ., Id For each schooner, under 50 tons
Whiskey, per barrel. . ...... .. ......._ 2d. &nd above 10.. . . .. .. .. ..... .. 0 12 6
\Y ood. per cord... . . . . '" ... . . . .... .. 3d. The above ratell to become payable on
: loreel and horned cattle, each. . . . . . .. 4d. the 13th instant; a.nd all owners of ves!!lels,
All ma.sters of vessels, or persons having or masters thereof, will hold tnem!lelves
chargo thereuf, on their arrival at the port liable for the settlement of the said dues to
of i'oronto, with an intention of landing any the Collector of the Customs of the port of
pa.rt of their carf,to, shall deliTer, on dema.nd, TOlonto. or some person deputed by him,
to the Collector of Customs, or his Deputy, in such manner as he ma.y prescribe, under
a manifest of the merchandise so to be the penalties for non-performance, est&b-
landed, signed by the master of 8uch vessel, lished by 3rd William IV.,(.chap. 32.
or tbe person having charge thereof, which The steamers on the lake ccased running
manifest shall be &n a.nthority to the said I for the season of 1837 on November
6th,

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

867

winter havinj;t set in early and with very
great severity.
The Experiment. Captain Dick. made
her first trip from Hamilton to Toronto
on July 4th, 1837, where ehe contiuued
runniug under the same comma.ndiug offi-
cer for the rt!st; of the seaSOL,
The Burlington. which had been built
a.t Oak ville and launched there on June
10th. also m&de her first trip early in
July. under Captain John Gordon.
he
ran daily from DUl1d.. to Hamilton and CHAPTER CCXLII.
Toronto. The Rcb
IUon of lS:n 38 - Eyents en the
There was another severe storm on the Lakes-{;aptalns Drew and A.rnold-Th.
lake at the end of October. The steamer {;aptore of the t:arollne.
By town was tota.lly wrecked at Kingston, In the early days of December. 1837, oc-
The Commodore Barrie narrowly e!>caped curred..t Toronto the first outbreak of the
a l5imilar f,
te. but lost one of her paddles, Canadian rebellion, which was speedily
while the Cobourg ran ashore on !A sand- cru8hed in that portion of the province.
bar at Ferris' Point. eight miles from I Thongh such was the caee. a number of the
Kingston. insurgents betook themselves to a IImaH
MRS. MOODIE'S EXPERIE
CE. island. well covered with trees. in the Niagara
A sketch of travelling on the lakes in r.ver. almost opposite the then v l1age.
1833 is given us in the charming volume. now town, of Chippawa, about three miles
" Roughing it in the Hush,"
ritten by that above the Falls, called Navy Island.
delightful authoress Susanna Moodie just Here they were under the command of
forty years ago. Mrs. :\loodle, describing \Vilham Lyon Mackenzie and an American
the journey of herself and husba.nd from the named Van Rennselaer. Their design was
lower to the upper province says :-" Our the invasion of Canada by ,he lake.
journey during the first day was performed Mackenzie had formed what he called ..
partly by coach, partly by steam. It was Provisional Government., and there is no
nine o'clock in the evening when we landed doubt t.hat he and his followers thought
at Cornwall and took coach for Prescott. th y would be able to effect a landing on the
There we embarked on board a fine new Canadia.n shore.
!!teamboat \Yilliam 4th, crowd'!d with Irish It was an absolute necessity though. for
emigrants proceeding to Cobourg and Tor- the success of such an enterprise. that these
onto. At Brockville we took in a party of self-styled "P:l.triots" should secure the
ladies, which somewhat relieved the services of a river steamer. Fortolne favors
monotony of the ca.bin, and I was a.mused the bran, it is said 1n this instance
by listening to their lively prattle and the it c rtainly favored the foolhardy. Im-
little gossip with whIch they strove to wile bedded in the ice, near Buffalo. was
away the tedium of the voyage. The day just such a vessel as they required.
he
was too stormy to go upon deck-thunder ill described as "a little steamer of fortv-
and lightmng accompanied with torrents of six tons, called the Caroline. belonging
rain. .A mid the confusion of the elements to one William \Vells. of Buffalo. and ori
in-
I tried to get a peep at the Lake of the a1\y constructed by the man afterwards
Thousand Isles; bnt the driving storm known as Commodore V nderbilt." The
blinded a.ll objects into one. and I returned own r was only too pleased to hire out
wet and disappointed to my berth. \Ye his boat. but he had an eye to possible
passed Kingston at midnight, dond lost a.ll loss; so. berore the ., Patriots" could
our lady passengers but two. The gale con- obtain p08session of the steamer, they were
tinued until daybreak. and noise and confu. obliged to find a sufficient guarantee to
sion prevailed all night. The following day Wells that he should be protected against
was wet and Jtloomy, the storm had pro. any loss in case his vessel should be cap-
tracted the length of our voyage for several tured or destroy.d. After events showed
hours. and it w&s midnight when we la.nded the prudence of Mr. Wells in adopting
at Cobourg. .. '. this precaution. The
ua.rantee asked wa.s
Mr
. Moodie has a smgular mode of ex- forthcoming, and the Caroline plac d under
preaiung her,.."lf when she refers to Lake the command of a resiJent in Buffalo.

ntario, Instea:d of speaking of it as it hall Gilma.n Appleby. who had been a ..ail or
JUst been mentlOned, she, referring to a upon the la.ke. On December 28th the
troublesome pa8sen
er says :-" He kept up steamer reached Navy Island. and imme-
such a racket that we all wished him at the diately beg:an the transport thither frvld

bottom of 'the Ontario.'" Again she writes:
-" On the 9th September the steamboat
William IV. landed us at the t!\en small but
rising town on ' the Ontario.' .,
It is possible that at the time Mrs. Moodie
wrote, it was customary in somp pans of
Upper Cana.da. so to speak of the lake, but
if it w,.s. it i. strange no other author of
any eminence cotemporary with that gifted
authoress does 80.

8(j8

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

the American side of supplies and munitions
of war, among which was included a
small cannon. These proceedings at once
became known to the troops on the Cana.-
dian shore, who were under the command
of Colonel Macna.b. It was deemed im-
portant, says a trusiworthy authority,
.. to know all that could be learned, in view
of a. pos&ible attempt to utilize the stea.mt:r
to land the fillibusters on the Canadian
shore. Two men \\ ere despatched in a
sDlall open boat to watch the Carolin 's
movements and to report the same to the
Colonel in command. One of , hese was
Captaii. Andrew Drew, an officer in the
Royal Navy, who had recently been en-
trusted with the direction of the (Cana.
dian) naval department." The other was
the Deputy Sheriff of the Niagara Dilltrict,
Alexander McLeod. Regardless of danger,
they proceeded in a. small boat round Navy
Island, until they obtained a view of the
river's ea.stern channel. There they per-
ceived the Caroline at anchor, apparently
laid up for the night. On their return
journey they were fired at sn-eral times
and their boats injured, but they them-
selves escaped unscathed. As soon a. they
made their report to Colonel Macnab, it was
decided by him thai coute qui coute the
steamer must not only be cap:ured but
destroyed, and that this must be effected at
night. On the following day, December
29th, the Ca.roline continued the proceediuga
of the previous day, and the Patriots kept
up a fire of musketry on the Canadian
troops also. Loud murmurs were heard
among the officerø of the miliiia at what
they considered the inactivity of Colonel
Macnab, but before the day closed they
became aware that their commandin
officer
Wal fully alive to the eXIgencies ot the situa-
tion. As Boon as it was àark preparations be-
gan to be made for the expedition which was
under command úf Captain Drew and con-
sisted of seven boats, each one holding eight
men, besides the officer in command. It IS
all but impossible to say who the officers
were, each having charge of a boat, no
two authorities agreeing on the subject. The
orders given to Captain Drew were IIhort
and peremptory, .. to take and destroy the
Ca.roline wherever he could find her."
The flotilla. got away from Chippewa and
reached the Ca.roline about midnight. When
within a dozen yards of the fated v
s6el they
were perceived by ,he sentry, who, in re-
sponl5e to his challenge, was told bV the
party tbey were "Friendl." The 8ent1Oel
'then asked for the couutersign, and on re-
ceivinp: the decidedly ambiguous answer
from Captain Drew, "I will give it you
when I get on board," was aware that hisvisi.

tors meant hostilities. He insta.ntly alarmed
the rest of the crew, but it \\ as too late.
The Caroline was taken possession of
without, as one historian puts it, "anythin

deserving the name of a serious conflict."
The crew and passengers, thirty-three in
all, were literally driven out at the point of
the sword; and tbougb one or two ot tbe
former showed fight and succeeded in
wounding Lieutenant McCormick and two
more of their a,sailants, the whole perform-
ance did not occupy many minutes.
Once the Canadians had posBession of
the velsel it was Boon decided what to do
with her. She was to be burnt and allowed
to drift as she was burning down the dream
aud go over the .1!'alls. She was 8et fire to
by Captain Richar.i Arnold who lived in
Toronto for many years afterwards, and
died there on June 18th, 1884.
0 Ii ving
soul was on board her, and before she
reached the ca.taract sbe went to pieces,
only fragments of her going down the
mighty sheet of wa.ter. An amusing a,e-
count of the Rebellion is given in a p'lrody
on .. John Gilpin," published in 1838,\V.L.
Mackenzie supplying the place of John
Gilpin. The verses relating '0 the destrue-
tion are as follows :-
Rennselaer then took
b
command
Of those degra.ded wretches,
For some had neither coat nor hat,
And some not even breech s.
To Navy Island then they went,
And there made a great 8pÌutter-
A constitution printed off,
And many threats did uttw.
Alas! for Ya.nkee modesty,
It really is quite shocking,
Some ladies made the reuds shirts,
And some, too, sent them stocking.
Of many acts, which by our men
Righ' eallantly ,,-erð . done,
I've spun my verse to such a length
I can relate but one.
And that the very galla.nt act
Of Captain Andrew Drew.
Whose name must be immorta.Jized-
Likewise his da.\-ing crew.
A Yankee steamer of, had tried
The rebels a.id to briDg.
This English seaman Iwore tha.t he
Would not a.llow the t.hìn
.
The captain and hia gallant crew,
Whosp names I wot not all,
From ::5chlosaer cut the steamboat Oftt,
And sent her o'er the FalL
Oh then the Yankees stormed outri
&t
And spoke of repara.tion.
A mighty flame then rose through thia
Tobacco-chewing na.tion.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

869

Þ03
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Þ03

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s:: \
1'1 \
þj \
ð

þ:I
0
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J\

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'J
'I

870

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

Captain Drew ' 1 exploit W&8 npturoully
applauded throughout Upper Canada, and
in the followini April, when the St. George'.
Society of Toronto dined together .. usual
011 the .venini of the 23rd, the to..t Clf the
_a Royal Navy" wal received with great en-
thusiasm. h wal respond...d to by Captain
Marryatt, the famous novelist, who, after
11. had returned thanks for the honor done
to him in COUplinit his name with the 'oast
propo.ed, gave, as an Additional volunt;eer
tout, "Captain Drew and his brave
comrades who cut out lihe Caroline." Th.
gallant Captain's proposal was r.ceived with
loud acclamations,
END OF THE RBÐELLION.
For the next four or five months there were
no naval .yenh of any consequence in con-
nection with the rebellion; but, on the
29th of May, an occurrence took place in
the upper part of the St. Lawrence, at a
place called Wella' Island, which caused
quite a. much excitement as lih. burning
of the Caroline. Ii was there that; the
Brit.ish stea.mboat, Sir Robert Peel, wa.a
..ized by an arllled band of men, between
thirty and forty in number, under a bra
gart
Damed WilliaM J ohnaon, who h&d bla.ckened
their faces and iQ other wa.ys disfigured
them8.1vf'js for that; purpose. After plun-
d.ring the bod and ill-treating the pas-
sen
ers, among whom were several ladies,
they took the vessel out into the river, set
her on tire. -.nd burned her to the waters'
edjite. There were .bon' eighty }>Useniers,
who .aved 8carcely an art;icle. A Mr.
Holditch, of Por' Robertson, lost $6,000,
and Captain Bullock, of the Neptune, WM
also a heavy loser.
In the followin
November took place
what; is always known as the HattIe
of the Windmill. A number of despera-
doea on board the steamer Unit.d States
and t;he two schooners Charlotte, of To-
ronto, and Charlotte, of Oswego, a.ttempted
to inY-ade Ca.nada ai Prellcott. 1'he pro.
ject failed utterly, a.nd allo reauIt;ed in
serions Iou of life amonlC the invaders.

:he notorious J ohn80n WM again '0 the
fore, h. having command of one of the
two schooners. In thill engagement ihe
following lake llieamera, which had been
armed in eonaequence of the rebellion,
pla.yed an
ive pe.rt. They were the Ex-
periment, Queen Victoria -.nd Cobourg,
under Captains Dick, Sutherland and Col-
clengh. '1'he Transit, a.lso, nnder Captain
Richardøon, did good aervice durin
the
rebellion in transport.ing troop. loUd ca.rrywi
deapatchea.
The notorioUB Johnson haa been m.ntioned
more than once already. In tbe summer of
IUS he got himself into kouble with the

United States authorities on a charge of
pirAcy, and only narrowly elcaped the fate
h. so richly delen'ed : but, as an Amreica.n
paper a' the time remarked. "good rope
could be better .mployed." Johnson wa.s
accused, among other crimell, of having
used United
tate. Þrritory on the St.
Lawrence in furtherance of his plans, be
being a British lIubjecL While a fugit;iTe
from just.ice, he issued the following procla-
mation :-
" To aU whom it mav concern.
"I, William Johnøon, -a natural born
citizen of Upper Ca.nada, certify that I hold
a commission in the Patriot Service of Upper
Canada as Commander-in-Chief of tbe naval
forcel! and flotilla. I commanded the ex-
pedition tha.t captured and aestroyed the
steamer Sir Robert Peel. My headquarters
was on an island in the St. Lawrenoe. I
yet hold posses.!lion of that station. I act
under orders. The object of my move-
ments is the independence of 'he Canadaa.
" Signed t.his tenth day of June, in the
year of our Lord one thousand t'ight hun-
dred and ihir'y-eight.
"WILLIAM JOHNSON."
This boaster introduced a greai deal of
matter that was wholly irrelevant and which
ii is unnecessary to reproduce,
The end of 1838 saw the end of the rtbel-
lion, and mattera, both on the lakes and on
land, resumed their normal condition,

CHAPTER CCXLIlI.

omplalDIDJr Traveller. - Tbe Ste....r.
Great BrltalD aDd 'VIctoria -
.plaID
Thoma. Dtck and Mr. GUkt80D..
No'with8tanding the troubled state of the
province in 1838, the ateamboat Sir F. B.
Hea.d, after undergoing exteDllive repairs,
reaumed her usua.l tripI, leaving Peter-
borough for CiaYerton, Rice L&ke, at 8
o'clock, a.m., and reiuming from the latter
port at 12 noon, daily.
The owners of the Great Britain, Captain
Whitney, in announcing the arrangements
for the trip8 for that vessel for 1838, from
Kingston round the lake to Oswego, assure
their int;ending patrons that II the accommo-
daiions on board the Great Britain are not
lIurpuled by any boat on Lake Ontario, the
gentlemen's and ladies' cabins being fitted
up entirely with roomy and airy staterooms.
with two berths in ea.ch." None of the
IIteamboa.' propri.tors were at all modelt iD.
describing 'he excellenc.. of th.ir various
veaøelll. It it sad to have to b1 'bat thia
good opinion wu no' .har.d so fully u it.
might hayo been by 'h. public len.rally.
Complaints about the incivility of 8ervanta.
the b..d quality of t;he mea.lI, wines and
IIpirits provided, were both loud aud deep.

, "

. -c.-

r.

f'

...

I

t

IR ALAN NAI'IER MACNA.B, BART.

op.
'jfJ

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

871

though it Wal also pretty generally admitted seaR on and assumed tha.t of the American
that" things might be worse." steamer Unit.ed :statps, which he held until
The Queen Victoria steamer h's been his death, which
ccurred from typhus fever
mentioned as a Yes
el added to the lake on October 12, 1
1.
ßt'et in 1837. She was commenced and it The owners of the Queen Victoria appear
was the intention of Mr. Lockhart, her to have had unbounded faith in their new
owner, to have her launched and running in vessel. They advertised her sailings 808 fol-
that summer. but unavoidable delays arose, lows :-
and it was not until April 3rd, 1838. that :'DAILY CONVEYANCE-To AND FROM LEw-
she was launched, nor until July 12 that her ISTON, QUEENSTON, NIAGARA AND TORONTO.
firat trip was accomplished, under command -The new, splendid, and fast. sailing
of Captain Th(Jmas Dick, from Niagara to .teamer, Queen Victoria, Thomas Dick,Com-
Toronto and Hamilton, returning to the fil'tit mander, will, for the remalDder of the
mentioned place. The Queen Victoria was season, ply daily between the above pla::e.,
built at Niagara by Mr. Gilkison and was Sunday excepted, leaving Lewiston and
tinally wrecked. QU4lenston eV4lry morning a* eight o'clock
Before &asuming command of this ship and Niagara at haJf-past ei
ht o'clock for
Captain Dick had commenced another vessel Toronto, The boat will return each day
on the lake, which the British Colonist, Feb. from Toronto to Niagara, Queenston and
I, 1838, thus refers to :- Lewiston, leaving Toronto for these place.
"The steamboat Experiment, Capt Dick, at two o'clock p.m.
left thia port yesterday for Niagara, where "Passengers by this boat will on Monday
she is undergoing necessary repairs, and and Thursday arrive in Toronto in time for
ea.rly in the spring she will renew he:- regu- the W illi!).m the Fourth steamer for King-
lar trips betwefln Toronto and Hamilton." ston and Prescott, and passengers from To-
A week or two la\er a change was made ronto for Niagara will arrive in time there
in the command of this steamer, as it is for the .Rochester and Oswego steamers. On
learned from the Briti.<Jh Colonist, 22nd arriyal at Lewiston railroad cars will leave
M&.rch,1838, that "the steamer Experiment, for the F dolls, and on arrival at Queenston
Capt. W heeler, will leave for Bur1in
ton stages will leave for the Falls, whence the
Beach and Wellington Square on Friday passengers can proceed next day by the
morning, the 16th instant, at 8 o'clock. steamel" Red Jacket from Chippawa to Buf-
The Experimt!nt will for the present, and falo. or by ti,e railroad cars for Manchester.
until Burlington Bay opens, ply between "The Queen Victoria is fitted up in elegant
Toronto and Burlington Beach and Welling- style. and is offered to the public as a speedy
ton Square, leaving Toronto every morning and safe conveyance, having all the accom-
(Sunday excepted) at eight o.clock, and re- modation that pa
sengers can desire, to
turning from the B
ach the same day at; whose comfort every at,ention will be paid,
one o'clock p.m., calling at the lDtermediate "Niagara, 12th .July, 1838."
ports." The steamer Burlington resumed her daily
Possibly owing to the disturbed state of journeys as usual in April of this year. Her
both the Upper and Lower Provinces, there commander was unchanKed. The Briti.<Jh Col-
were no great changes in or additions to the oni.st of April 27th, has this advertisement
lake steamers in 183K A steamer which respecting her movements.
was known as the Gore, of 200 tons, was "DUNDAS, HAMILTON AND TORONTo.-The
commenced at Niagara, and she afterwards I I steam packet Burlington, .John Gordon,
plied between Rochester, Cobour
and To- Master, will leaYe Windsor on Tuesday,
ronto. The Experiment, Commodore Bar- I Thursday and Saturday, at nine o'clock
de, Burlington, Britannia, Cobourg, "Vil- a. m. Leave Toronto on Monday, 'rVed-
ham IV. and Tlansi' all ran,with the excep- nesdayand Friday, at eleven O'clOCk a.m.,
tion.!! that have been mentioned, caused by touching at Port Hamilton,' Maitland's
the. rebellion, as in 1837, and in the Bay of Wharf, B. B. Canal, Wellin
tõn Square,
QUlDte steamers there were no alteriltions. Oakville and Port Credit, on her way up
The Earl ot Durham, who succeeded Sir and down. _
Francis Bond Head as Governor, visited the "The boat will leave Port Hamilton on
Upper Province in July, arriving in Toronto Wednesday, at eleven preciRely.
on board the Cobourg on .July 18th. The "N,B.-Travellers by this boat to Dundas
steameri'! Brockville and Kingston were now will alwa.ys meet tht> stages for Galt and the
under command of Captains Brufoh and Law- inland country."
les8 respectiyely, on their original route There was no change whatever on Lake
from Kmgsto? to the head oi the Long Simcoe in 1838 respecting its sohta.ry steam-
Sa.ult. Captam Whitney relinquished com- er, as will be seen from this notice taken
mand of the Great Britain at the end of this from the ColCJnist of May 1st, 1838 :

872

LANDMARKS OF TORO
TO.

"LAKE SIMCOE-STEAMBOAT NOTlClt-
The Petn Robinson \\ ill leave Holland
Landin
for the Narrows, via Barrie and
Oro, every Monday and Friday, and via
Georgina and Thoriah every Wednesday.
On return to the Holland L Illding will leave
the Narrowl'! every Tuesday and
aturday.
via Thoriah and C3eorgina, and via Oro and
:Harrie every Thursday.
"The hour of departure for the Holland
Landing a.nd the Narrows will be eight a. m.
precisely. WM. LAUGHTO
, Ma.naging
Owner. "
A FEARFUL CALAMITY.
A dreadful steamboat disa.I!ter occurred
on Lake Erie on J nne 16th. The George
Washington, on her pa.ssage from Detroit
to Buffalo, when about 33 miles from the
latter city, was dÍ8covered to be on fire. And
before she could be run alhore was entirely
consumed, nearly the whole of her passen-
gers perishing in the flames or being drowned.
Over thirty perlons perished. They were
chiefly Americans.
The Hamilton, Captain Mills, ran during
the season of 1838 between Kingston and
River Trent, leaving former place on 1\10n-
days, Wednesdays and Fridays at B a. m.,
and the latter on Tuesdays, ThursdaYI and
Saturdays at 2 p. m,
In 1839 the Commodore Barrie, Captain
Pa.tterson, commenced her regular trips on
April 8th, leaving Kingston on Mondays
alld ThursdaYI at 6 p. m. and Toronto on
'Vednesdays and Saturdays at the same
hour, touchinll at intermedb.te ports. On
the Bay of Quiute the Kingston began her
season's work on April 17th in connectiou
with the Sir James Kempt betweeu Kin'!:.
soon and the River Trent. The sailing ar-
rangements were the s&me a!'l those of the
year previous for t.1ae Hamilton, which in this
year had both her route and her captain
changed. The Hamilton, Captain R. Gaskin,
made four trip. a week between Kingston
and Oil\vego, leaving the firilt port every
alternlt.te day, beginning with Sunday a\ 9
a. m and the latter on the intervening week
days at 8 a.. m, and on Sunday at 7 p. 111.
Another Bay of Quiute stea.mer
the Albion,
of 200 tons, built at Brockville, WiloS launch-
ed this yea.r. She had as captain W. T.
Jobnson, She ran from Kingston to Belle-
ville, and sailed from both places on 1öhe
same da.y as her competitor, the Kingston,
but at difteren\' hour.s,
The Great Bri
in, Captain Jacob
Herchmer, resumed her re!rl1lar roate from
Kingston to Niaga.ra and Oswego, callin!! at
at! intermediate portø. Early in April the
Commodore Bcrie, William IV and
St. George ran from Kingston to Toronto.
The rÏ\'er steamers Dolphin and Brockville.

ran in connection with the vessels jm;t men,
tioned between Kim!!'Iton and Dickenson's
Landing;daily, Sundãys excepted.
Later in the season the Hamilton, Ca.
J.in
Gaskin, again had the route changed. In-
stead of from Kingston to Oswego, in Octo-
ber 8be began to run and continued to do so
for the remalUder of the year between Ro-
chester, Toronto, Port Hope and Hamilton.
The Tran!'lit anù Queen Victoria, under
the Richardsons, father and son, ran this
leason as usual from Toronto to Niagara.
The .moos Gildersleeve launched a new
ves5elof 250 tons in 1839, at Kingstou,
naming her after himself, Henry Gildersleeve.
She commenced her regular trips in the t 01.
lowing season.
In 1840 another steamer appeared on Lake
Simcoe, supplanting the Peter Robinson.
She W&8 known 808 the Simcoe, her managing
owner bein" the same a
tha. of the former
vessel. She was thus advertised in the
Toronto Patriot:

1818.
LUU
SIJ.lCOE.

SI;JUIEK A.RR,t.
GI;,UENT8.

THE ST1!:Al\f PACKET
SIMCOE
WILL LEA VE HOLLAND LANDING
For the Narrows.
via Innism, Barrie and Oro. Mondays and
Fridays, and via Georp;ina., Thorah
and Mar&, Wednesdays.
RETITR
INC.
WIJ
L LEAVE 'l'HE NARROWS
"".r Dollaad Laadh1&,
via Mara, 'l'horah and GeorJrtna. Tuesdays and
::5aturdays, and via Oro. Barrie and
Innisfil. 1'huradaYB.
Wind and wcather permitting.
The hour ot departure trom Holland Landing
and the Narrows will be eight o'clock a.m.
precisely.

Will commence Monday, the Uk May, in
connection with the sta
e!'l.
WM. LAUGHTON,
Managing OWner.
Lake Simcoe, April 23, 1
.
CAPTAIN RICHARDSON'S VE!'ISELS.
The two steamers in which Capt. Richilord-
Ion bad snch an interest, namely, tbe Transit
and Queen Victoria, were in this seasou
commanded as in the one immediately pre,
ceding it. They were advertised to ply
during 1840 as follows:-
I
.A.KE OSTARIO.
Toronto, ðïar/a,ra, QKtenMon and Lewislo7&.
THE STEAK PACKETS
Tlt.&.:M;IT A.
D tU-I"..E
"""fORI.&..
THE BT
AJ4KR. TRANSIT,
H UGH RICHARDSOS. Ma!;t
:r. leaveA
Toronto daily. a.t h&J.t-past saveD o'clock
in the morning. for Niagara, QU8ØD8ton and
LeWÌil&On; arriYes at Lcwi!ltOQ at DOOB.
RETURNING:
Leaves Le
nston daily. at 2 p.rn.. touehing at
Quecnston and Niagara; arrlvø8 at Toronto a.t
ü p.m.

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

873

THE QUEEV 't"1
TORU,.
HUGH RICHARDSON, JUNR,. Mastt:r.
Leaves Lewiøton daily. at 7 o'clock in the
morning, for Toronto, toucning at Queenston
and Nia.p:ara.; arrives at Toronto at noon.
RETURNING:
Leaves Toronto daily IIIot 2 o'clock in the after-
noon, for Niagara. Queen8ton and Lewinon;
arrives at Lewiston at 6 p. m.
By the Tra.nsit, passengers may Droceed from
Toronto to Niagara Falls and Buffalo. or from
Buffalo to Toronto. with ease, in the course of
the day.
Jt1ir }'Vo lllg{](((1e taken. in charge -un.less
booked and paidfor.
May.18iO.
Captain Dick, formerly commanding 'the
Experiment and la.ter the Victoria, was
in this year in charge of the Gore,
that vessel with the Brita.nnia, C..ptain
William Colclough, and the Burlington,
Captain Robert Kerr, forming a line from
Rochester and intermediate ports via To-
ronto and Hamilton to Niagara. It is
worthy of note tha.t IIteamboat ad vertise-
ments are far more concise now-a-days than
they were then. Ihe following advertise.
ment is copied from the Toronto Patriot ;
1..,t.KE O
T.t.RIO-lSlO.
New Line of Low.Pressure Steamers from
Rochester to Cobourg, Port, Hope
Toronto, Hamilton, Niagctra
and Lewiston.
TnB l'EW A
D F.6.ST SAILING STEAMER
GORE.
Three Times a Week.
CAPTAIX THOMAS DICK,
W ILL. until further notice, leave ROCHES-
TER. at Sunset, and the lower LaudlnK
at halt past ten, every Monday. Wednesday,
a.nd Friday
vening. for COBOURG; and will
leave Cobourg for PORT HOPE a.nd TORONTO,
every Tuesday, Thursday, and
a.turday Morn-
ing. at half past 5 o'clock.
Returning, the Gore will leave Toronto for
Rochester.touching at Port Hope and Cobourg,
every Sunday. Tuesday and Thursday ni
ht at
9 o'clock; and will leave Port Hope at half past
4. and Cobourg at half past 5, every Monday,
Wednesday. and Friday morning for Rochester.
The Shafts and Cranks of this Boat are of
wrought iron_
Passeugers trem New York, by this route,
for Cobourg. Port Hope and Toronto. [by leav.
ing New York on Tuesday. Thursday. or Suu-
day morning. and taking the Railroad from
Albany to Auburn], will reach Rochesfer
in 36 hours-in time for the GORE-and wm
arrive a
Torouto within 5-1 hours. paøsengers
from Toronto for :Sew York will arrive at
Rochester in time to take the Mail Stllge Íor
Auburn at half.past one p.m.. or the Swittsure
line of
tage3 at six p.m.. and arrive at New
Y (Irk within 55 hours.
THE STEAMER
BKU.&.

U..
CAP.r, WILLIAM COLCLOUGH,
P1.Ið8 daily. (Sundays excepted,. between To-
rOll
and HalDtlton,-touchin
at the inter-
mediate Ports,-in connection with the G-ore;

leaving Toronto at 8 A. M., and Hamilton at 2
P. M. and meets the steamer
B1JRI.ISGTOY,
OAPT. ROBERT KERR
at Hami1ton about 12 at noon. The Burilngton.
having a new low-pressure engine, will leave
Hamilton every afternoon (Sundays excepted).
at 2 o'clock. for Niagara and Lewiston,touching
at Grimsby and Port Dalhousie. (nel\r St. Cath-
arlneH. trom which place a. ca.rriafle will meet
the boat regularly.) and arrive at Lewiston in
the evening.
Returning. she will lea.ve Lewiston at 7
o'clock every morning, and Nia
ara at i past
7, for Hamilton. touching at Port Dalhousie
and Grimsbv. weather permitting, and arrive
at. Hamilton about noon.
Cobourg, April 'tho 1&10,
N. B.-Luggage, parcels. and packages. at the
risk ot the owner. UnltiRS booked and paid Íor.
The proprietor willln no case hold himself re-
sponsible for any loss of or damage to goods of
any description. on board the above Steamers.
occasioned by fire, the dangers of the naviga-
tion. the act of Goå, or the Queen's enemies.
On April 18th, 1 MO. a great fire took
pla.ce at Kingston, which resulted in the
entiro des'ruction of the Ottawa. and Ridea.1l
wharves. the stea.mer Cataraqui, the schoon-
er Dora Nelson, besides an immense quan-
tity of goods, including 10.000 barrels of
flour. pork and potash. The Lake Ontario
Steamboat office wa.s also destroyed. The
fire was supposed to have been c' used by
sparks from the lunnel of the American
steamer Telegraph. An accident also ha.p-
pened to the stea.mer conveying the Gov-
ernor General from Niagara. to Toronto,
in the middle of April. She got aground
eight miles above the harbor, and His
Excellency reached Toronto in a jolly
boat after a row of eight miles. He
left Toronto a.
ain for Kingston. on Fri-
da.y, April 24th, on tbe steamer St. George.
An advertisement appeared in the Toronto
papers throughout June, as wen as in
those published at Rochester, of cheap ex-
cursions on July 4th, by the Gore steam er,
for the benefit of pleasure seekers. This
aroused the wrath of the notorious 'õ Bill'
Johnson, known to fame a.s the hero of the
Sir Robert Peel incident, and he, not (or the
first time, issued a proclamdtion. it appeared
undated in the very firs; days of the month,
and rea.d thus :-
Wm. Johnson. Commodore. etc.. Lake On-
tario. Whereas. as public notice has appeared
in a Roch ester daily paper, that the Britj"h .
sfea.mer Gore, Capt. Dick. of'1'oronto, \V. C..
offers to make two pleasure trips from the land-
ing at Carthage on the Uh inst.. the anniTersary
of American IndependeI'lce, and whereas it is
well known that Dick and the owners of ahis
boat a.re Tiolent British Tories and bitter ene.
mies of America.n Democratic inst.itutions.
but in order to fleece American citizens and
fiU their coftel'B with half dollars at their ex-
pense. they pretend to &id in the celebr.ation of
a dR.Y they a.bhor &ad detest.
The inha.bita.ots of Rochester are tiherefore
warned" if they value life." not to patronize
the..e excursions, and so avoid, not only"

,

874

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

danger to be apprehended. but the disgrace and
dishonor of countenancing and patronizing a
party who hate Democracy and who have ex-
ulted and triumphed In the burning of the
Caroline and murder of American citizens."
By com maud of hia Excellency.
BENJAMIN LETT. P. C.,
On board the flagship Reve
ge oft'the Ducks.
This same Benjamin Lett was almost
simultaneously with the appearance of this
.my production arrested on a charRe of a.t-
tempting the destruction of the steamer
Grea.t Britain_
Early in June about the 5th, just as the
Great Brita.m was preparing to leave Oswego
on her journey to the Canadian shore. a
man brought on board a small box, contain-
ing three jars of gunpowder packed in wool,
beneath which was concealed a lighted slow
match. This box W808 placed with other
baggage in front of the door of the ladies'
cabin. A few minutes aftEr the boat left the
wharf the explosion took place which
was not so dêstructive as had been in-
tended, the injury being confined to the
bl'eaking of a few windows in the ladies' cabin
and the blowing up of the IIkylight above.
The boat put back immediately and the man
who brought the box on board was arrested
together with another man whom the former
&Dnouuced as the chief instigator to the
iiabolical attempt. This man was "Bill"
Johnson's friend, Benjamin Lett, and he was
at once transmitted t'J Auburn, N. y" county
jail, but owing either to extra.ordinary vigil-
ance on his part, or want of it on the part of
hiscustodiam,he made his escape when abo\!t
four miles from his destination.
The steamboat owners were very unfor-
tunate in this summer, no fewer than three
of their vessds being disabled in 3.S many
days. The On tario broke her shah in as-
cendmg the ra.pids from Dickenson'sLa. ding.
The Gore's ma.chinery also broke down on
her journey between Rochester and Cobourg,
the Comn'òodOl'e Barrie assisting her into
Port Hope. While disabled the Britannia
was placed upon her route. The third accid-
ent occurred to the St. George which broke
her shaft on July 8th when ten miles out
from Oswego on her journey across the lake.
The Britannia again enacted the part of the
Good Samaritan, towing the St. George also
into Port Hope.
Later in the season a slight change was
made in the arrangements, a!:l will be seen by
the following :

NOTICE.

THE 8TK..A.KEa
GORE,
'VII
L leave TORONTO for KINGSTON, on
will

daÆI
G
!;8Nex:oc;t ';O
ô"'N
ò a

Wed

Even.i1\g. OD the arrivai ot. the

steamer from P
oott. Cabin Passage, 7 'lCØo
DoUars and a half.
'Meals extra.)
Deck Passage...................... On/' Dollar.
The GORK wmleaye Toronto for Rochester
on Thursday and Sunda.y evening3 as hereto-
fore.
Toronto. July 7. 18iO.
The 32nd Regiment, or rather the eom.
miasioned officers thereof, do not appear to
have been enthuaiaatically fond of boa'ing
a. they thu. advertise:
FOR SALE,

SIX-OARED OIG-complete In every re-
_
ouisite-New York built. For particulMIS.
apply to the Messman of the
2nd Regiment.
Toronto, July 21, 18ro.
This notice appeared in the Patrioe for
many liIuccessive weeks.
MILITIA AT QUE"
KSTON.
A J'tl'eat public meetin2 of the Canadian
militia and othHs "80S held on Queenston
Height. on July 30th, and this was the oc-
casion for an imposing nava.l display. The
meeting itself was convened for the purpol!e
of raising funds to restore the monument
erected to the memory of General Brock, the
recent destruction of which ha.d been at-
tempted.
Four steamers left Toronto for Niaga.ra
at about half put seven in the morning :
The Transit, Captain Richardson, decorated
with evergreens, reminded one of "Tbe
Wood of ßirnam," and Malcolm's direction,
"Let every Roldier hew him down .. bough
and bear't before him"
seemed to ha.ve been .fully observed; this
moving ({rove was relieved by the bright
standards of the National Socie ies, the
colours of England, Scotland and Ireland
producinK, through the leafy IiIcreen, an
effect as beau
iful .. impressive; The
Queen Victoria, Captain Richardson, Jr.,
also decorated with flags, ensigns and
strea.mers; The Gore, Captain Thomas
Dick, bearing aloft a miihty Union Jack,
left the city wharves, the Transit and
Victoria. leading by about t.hree miles, the
Gore following in their lee; The Tra-
veller, Captain Sant}om, R. N. waited at
the Garrison wharf for His Excellency tha
Lieut. Governor, who with his Staff em-
ba.rked as the Gore passed by; I1is Excel-
lency being received by a guard of honor of
the 32nd Regiment; the pair of Colora,-
bearing the word "Nial'&ra" - presented
to the uJd IncorporAted Militia of Upper
Canada by His Most Gracious Majesty
George the Fourth, then Prince Re
ent,
were placed on boa.rd the Traveller, the fiue
band of the 3Jth Regiment bein; also on
board.
THE ARRIVAL
T NIAGARA.
After a delightful passage, ..he four
vessels keeping in sight of each other, Fort
George :soon rose to view, ami while ap-

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

875

proaching the mouth of the River Niagara, I prize a silver cup valued $60. They Wt'r.
the passengerv of each were gratified in the Sylph and Wa.ter Lily, and the fornHr
seeing on the right two steamers bearing woo by øix lengths, time 28 minute:J. TI e
rapidly down, aH if from Hamilton, wbile a.mateur skiff match was won by Mr. Angl.
on the left a leviathan of the lake wa$ Morriaon. The prize was a silk ensign al d
pressing on to the place of assembliDi ; on silver cup.
the arri vat of ea.ch vessel at
e wharves, The day was fine, and the Transit, under
which, with tbe adjacent banks, were Captain Richardson's command, wa.s. at the
peopled with a dense crowd, it was received service of hundreds of guests, to whoOt the
by a lusty shout of welcome, and a thunder- ever hospitable .ailor W&8 a. genial h05t.
ing salute fron. a long e\J:hte.n-pounder, The band of the 32nd Regiment furnished
which. remarkably eoou'th, had the day the music.
before been unearthed from its for'
otten DIVIDENDS AND DISASTERS.
restin
place, where it m.d remained buried This advertibement from 'be Patrint wu
since, perh"ps, the b&itle of QueenBtoD, and doub'less most comforting to the indiyiduals
wbat tben, M an en<<Ïne of destruction, referred to.
poured forth its iron hail against the
enemies of the gallant Brock, DOW fi
ured
as the peaceful herald of the hero's fnend..
7HZ _OVE TO QUEJ:NfrlOl(.
After waiting some short time a' .Niagara,
the eiyht steamen use.bled in line, and
started for QueeD8
n in the following order:

:
r;;
....- Q) 0 .!

ê c
""

' o
.;

ë5 ü
0
0' 8
.

. Ð .
..c: ..c:: ..c ..c ..c ..c ..c ..s:::

E-I E-4 E-I

E-I E-I
When the grand prooeasion passed Fort Nia-

ara (U,S.) liCarcelya. bYiDg being was to
be aeen. As the fleet moved upwards, the
Bight was a.nima.ting in the extreme-eight
fine vessels streaming witt.. en.il'Ds, the
Roya.l Standard of England, in parti-
cuhr, flying at the mast head oi ibe
Tra.veller, all breast.ing toe:ether the ca.ta.-
ract-fed carrent of the rushing I iver, tile
numbf.r
of brave men on board of them,
ail united in one common noble purpose,
and the martia.l stra.ins which ßoa.ted on the
breeze, all contributed 1.0 tbe effect; the
overha.nging banks crowded with persons,
Borne waiting to ,ra.ze ali the vessels passed.
others h&8tening on ward to keep pace with
tbem, adding to the beauty of the scene.
The meeting was duly hf'ld, and it was de-
cided to rebuild a new mOllument. Sad to
say. after all this enthl1si&sm, that it took
llearly twenty years to do it.
The Toronto yea.rly re
a.tt& too'k place on
AU
l1st 1st, the anniver84U'Y of the battle of
the Nile.
The skiff match for prizes of 120, $10 and
$5 ha.d fiv' comr'etitora. The winRerlii were
R. Renardlloa, J. Goodin and John Iredale.
In the race for sailing boats under tWÐ
s
nine ..ere eatered. A dispute arose as to
the winner.
Two boats started for the four-oared match;

NOTICE.
T HE stoekholders of the Steam Boat Cobourg
are hereby notified that the Committee have
this day declared a dividend of two pounds
Currency per Sha.re, payable on or after the
12th inst,ant, a.t the office of W. L, Perrin.
Esquinl. Toronto.
By order of the Committee.
DAVID
L P_
TERSON,
Secreta.ry.

Toronto, Uh August. 18(0.
On October 8th, 8.8 the Gildersleeve was
about leaving Cobourg for Hamilton, her
boil'r exploded with considerable force,
sClI>lding two men ..nrely.
Later in the month ther" was a serious
acciùent to the steamer William the Fourth
while on her passage do" n the lake on Oct:
28th, This was caused by a heavy south
aea breaking in the false side. of the ship
and causin
her to take in such larO'e
quantities "of water thai serious misch
f
1V
threa.tened. '1'0 save her from IìlDking
she was run aground in South Bay, where
the mail bags, passengers and captain were
transferred to the Malcolm, an American
veesel, which had come alongside to render
whd assista.nce she could. The Malcolm
then proceeded 1;0 Kin
8ton, arrivin.... there
with her carzo and all on board the same
night in safety.
There wa8 much discontent all throuO"h
the iwo provinces at this period with the
poatal arran
ements, and the establishment
of a mail line by liteamer from Toronto to
Kingston had been decided upon. In antici-
pation of this event the followin
adver-
tisement was issued from Montreal:-
POST-OFFICE NOTICE.
T ENDERS will be I'cceived by the Deputy
POit Master General, at the Post Office
J.lontreal. until Noon on Saliurda)-, the 5th
Dec. prox..for the ('onve7ance of Her Majesty's
.Man. by STIUM-BoA'J', between Dickenson's
Le.ndingaDd Toronto wharf. for a term of years
cOlQmencin
with the naviga.tion ot ISH. .
The conditions for tbe required engagement
are described in & Notice, which may be had
at the p
Offices of Montreal. Kingston. Co-
bourg and Toronto, and at the General Po,'
Office. Quebec.
Montreal, 4th Nov., 1840.

876

LAND\1ARKS OF TORONTO.

At
he end of IS40 tbe steamer Cobourg
disappea.red from the Jake service and wa

offered for sale, as will be seen from the
following notice :-
}i'OR SALE.
P UBLIC NOTICE is hereby given. that the
steam Boat COBOlTRG, with En
ine
.
Furniture, &c, &c, as she now lies. will bo sold
by Auction Hf not previously dispOlSed of by
private sale] on
J.1rfonday. the 1st day of F,-bruary next, at 12
o'clock. at Brown's Wharf.
The above boat is propelled by two Low Pres-
Mure Engines, of 50 horse power each. which are
in good order.
B)- order of the Committee.
D..!. VID M. PA TERSOX.
Secretary.

Toronto, U. C., 9th Nov.. 1810.
The landing place known for so many
years as Rees' Wharf, at the foot of Simcoe,
then Graves street, J oronto, was complcted
in 1840 and was thuB advertised:

O 1IERCHAK1'
AND FOR WARDERS.
TO LEASE oN REASONABLE TERMS.
T HE new wharf and other premises recently
erected at the foot of Graves street, The
Wharf is well adapted for the shipment of Pro-
duce. Lumber. &c.. being but for a short time
during the winter season obstructed with ice.
Toronto.
th Kovember. 1810.
Alvong 8chooners on the lake during this
season w
re the Hero a.nd the ,Marcraret,
They conveyed large quantities of goods
.0""11\ Kin
ston to Toronto, Hamilton and
Niagara.
J .1::;( as the year was closing it was an-
nounced by the Kingston Chr01Ûcle, of Dec,
2nd,that "herMa.jesty'snew steamer, MÍI:.os.
recently built at Chippawa, has received
her machinery, and proceeded up Lake
Erie a few days since on her trial trip. She
is very strongly built and goes at the ra.te of
twelve miles an hour. JJ
THE SE.JOSD FRONTESAC
In 1841 there were yet more additions to
the steam velòsels on Lake Onta.rio besides
those intended for the Royal Mail Line.
1.'he Frontenac, tbe Eecond of the namc, ap-
peared on Lake Ontario, her route beinO'
from '.foronto to Kingston. She was at first
a sort of naval free lance, a.nd caused much
oonsternation to the proprietors of the other
steamers on the lakes by the low rate at
which
he carried passengers. No re::ord,
though, exists that tbe traveIling public
were at all disioressed at tÞese proceedings
on the part of her owners. On the contrary,
they appear rather to h
ve appreciated the
unusually cheap fares. It is just barely
possible that if similar competition were to
ensup. now between our two great railway
companies, with a like result, their patrons
would not add to their perplexitieil by com.
plaints of being charßed too little.
The steamer Burlington was burned at the
(,!'.:
eD'8 wharf, Toronto, on the morninl of

Tuesday, March :30th, 1841, Fortunately
no lives were lott
The Cobourg Star of April 7th, IS4l, has
this paragraph :-
.. OPENING OF NAVIGATION.-Early on
Monday morninl! [this would be on April
5th] the well-known bell of the Gore drew
all hands to the wharf, to greet the first
arrival of tbe season-a most welcome eveat
truly in the present state of the roads and
after four months winter. The Gore takes
her old rou te to and from l{ocbes'er and
'o-
ronto, calling at Cobourg and Port Hope on
her way down for the present twice a week,
viz" Mondays and Thursdays in the morR-
ing, and retUlning the foll
wlDg'evenings.
She is this yeal' commanded by Capt. Kerr,
a. gentleman favourably known to the travel-
ling public as late captain of tbe Burlington
-Capt. DICk, wbo formerly sailed the Gore,
having now charge of his own vessel, the To-
ronto. JJ
There were no alterations in either of tbe
Bay of Quinte steamers for 1841, the
Kingston, Capt. Harrison, and tbe Albion,
Capt. \V. T, Johnson, Iunning as before.
The Union, Captain Drummond, Wat! on
the route between Kingston and Rochester,
leaving ea.ch place three times a week.
The Commodore Ba.rrie, Ca.ptain Patter-
son, to quc,te her advertisement for the fea-
son, "plied between tbe Iúliowing porlos :-
Prescott, Kingston, Oswep;o, \Vellington,
Cobourg, Port Hope, Bond Head Harbor,
Port Darlington, Whitby, Toronto, Hamil-
ton, Nia .ara, Lewiston and Queenston."
The City of Toronto, of the H.. M. Line,
ran from Toronto to Nia
ara every :Monday,
leaving tbe Îormer place at 8 a.m., and re-
turnin
from the latter in the afternoon.
The Brita.nnia., Transit, Victoria, and St-
George were also all fully employed d-nring
the 1841 season, They I early aU connected
wit,h the steamers of tce R. M. Line.
Tbe steamer Vulcan, .Richard 'r. J ohIl8on,
appeared OD the upper St. Lawrence between
Kin
stoJ1 and Belleville in Angust, leaving
the former place on Mondays, \V ednesdays
and Fridays, and the latter on the alternate
days. She is dt'scribed by the Kingston
Chronicle a.s being .. a new boat, and a most
desirable conveyance for passenaers and
freight." ...
The Cobourg bega.'1 to run again somewhat
late in tbe season, as will be seen from tbe
following advertisement, which reads :-
REDUCED FARES BETWEEN :KINGSTON AJJD
TORONTO.
THE S1'EAMBO.A T

oßnITUG.
LIEUT. ELMSLF.Y, H. N., COMMANDER.
\ "7 ILL ply between Kin
8ton and 'l'oronto.
,
ca.lling at Cobourg and Port Hope each
way, weather permitting, until further notice

877

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

Leaving Kingston every Monday and Thurs-
da.y evenin
at 7 o'clock. aud
Toronto, evcry ',,"ednesday ami Saturday.
n

bi

;re between Kingston and Toronto,
Ii. Do. from Kingston, or Toronto. to Port
Hope and Cobourg. $2. Deck faro to all the
aboye ports, $1, .
Th
Cobourj! has undergone a thorough re-
pair durinK the last winter. and an improve,
ment wall made in her boilers which hall con-
siderably increa.sed her speed; sh
i
no
not
inferior to any boat on Lake OntarIo. 1D pOlDt of
6afety. comfort and convenience. '1.nd it is well
known to be one of the best sea boars on the
La.ke. As she will not be dcrained waiting for
the mail. the above hours will be punctually
attended to. Pass
nger3 with their baggage
will please be on board before the time ap-
pointed for sailing.
For freight or passage. having s
perior ac-
commodations, apply on board or to
W _ L. PERRI
.
Toronto, August 15th. 18tL
In 1841 the new steamboat Prince Ed ward
'Was built at Gardner Island for the Bay of
Quinte route. She made, her trial trip to
Ba.th and back in three hours "She is
beautifullv finished. but bein
rather crank
iø the water it wiU probably be necessary
to O'ive her false sides. J> So sa.id on
of the
loc
l papers.
The steamboat, Prince of Wales, built at
t,he marine railway and intended for the
ha.y, was a.lso la.unched in thi:;; year. She
had the engine of the Sir J a.mes Kempt,
On August 9th a terrible disa.ster occurred
on Lake Erie, when the stea.mbCla.t Eric, an
America.n ves."oel. Capta.in T. J, Titus, was
totally destroyed by fire and nearly two
huudred people perished. Not a. paper nor
an article of any kind was saved. There
were between 'birty and forty cabin pa.s-
86D
ers, of whom ten or tweh'c were ladies,
III the steerage were one hundrp.d a.nd forty
pa,ssengers, nearly all of whom were Germa.n
Ol" ;--wi
s Í1nll1igt'a,nts. It wa.s a singular.co.
incidence that tbe Erie wa.s burned at
almost the same spot where the \ \. a.shing-
ton. also an Amt'rican vessel. experiencpd a
similar fa.te in June, 1838, a. .very little
more tha.n three years previou'ily, 1 t is
aot plea.sa.nt to have to record that instead
.f being the last to leave his ship, Captain
l.'itU5 was one of
he very first! Such con-
tlact is happi'y as ra-re in the American
lRercantile marine as in the British.
The Kingstoa regatta. took place under
tlh.e patrona2e of Ca.ptain Sandom, R. N ,
en August 29'11. Among the names of the
stewa.rds on the oCca.8ion are those of Henry
-"ildersleeve. Lieut. Ha.rper. R. N., Samu,91
B. Harrison, and John Roy, aU of whom
were weU-kJ1owD men throughout the entire
Dro vince.
. The events were five, a.nd consisted of:-
Sailint:1: match. valU'C $48: Six-oared race.

40; Four-oared race, $30; Skiff race, $20 ;

and a skiff race, open to all comers. for two
prizes of $16 and $10 each.
It was a sine qua. non tha.t all boats were
to be bona fide British built,
The day was fine and everything passed
off with great eclat.
The Toronto regatta. was held on Au
ust
31st. There was scarcely any change in
the programme from that of preceding
years,
In ì842 the Brita.nnia. ran between Ham-
ilton aud Toronto, her old route, with Cap-
tain J. Gordon in command
COl\UlODORE BARRIE. FAREWELL.
The Commodore Barrie for a. brief period
was on her accustomed course, but her day
had ail but passed, for on May 4th, when
she bad only been runniug for a few da.ys,
the end came.
The 'l'oronto Examiner of Mav 4th, 184
,
reports the closing ,ccne in her life thus
briefly :-"\Ve regret to learn that the
steamer Commodore Barrie. plying betweeu
Kingston and Belleville, was run faui of by a
schooner on S lturday night last, and sunk.
The crew nnd passengerd were all saved, but
the vessel and ca.rgo, (about 500 barrels of
flour), wi!l pro\-e a total loss," The acci-
dent occurred ne!i.dy opp03Ïte Presqu'Isle,
the Barrie colliding with tile schooner Can-
ada, going up the river."
The Kingston Iierald also òescribes the
acciden!, and adds with diguity :-"

s the
matter will probabl)' undergo a jud cial in-
vestigat.ion we absta.in from any comments
on the facts. The night was cloudy."
A steamer built in Canada. in this year
plit'd between 'Buffalo and Detroit; she wa.ø
known as the Kent, anrl called at the inter-
"ening ports,
There was at the tin'e wha.t a shipping
notice oi April 11 in tbat year describei as a.
.. new line of step,mers." Th
y ran four
times a week from Toronto and Hamilton to
Rochester. They wt-re the America,
Captain Henry Twohy, and the Gore,
Capta.in
obert Kerr. The former left To-
ronto. calling at Port Hope and Cobourg. at
9 o'clock every Suaday and \V edne3åay
evenings, and Rochester eyery Tuesday and
Saturday morni-a
Dlso at 90 'clock, calling
at Cobourg and Port Hope. l'he Gore 16ft
Toronto 011 Tuesdays and Fridays at noon,
a.nd :H.ocheswr on Monday" anfl Thursdays
at 9 a. m. These steamel's ..180 plied be-
tween Toronto and Hmniltoll, Parools aød
luO'O'age were. the notice is ca.reful to add.
"Oat the risk oi the OWDeI1l unless booi.;ed
and paid for." .Mr. E. S. Alport was the
agent in TÐroutct. Later in tbe year, in
August, the America and GQI'e made three
trÏDS a week instead of four, and ca.lIed also

t Bond Head, Darlington and Oshawa..

878

LAÌ'4DMARKS OF TORONTO.

The same year a stea.mer known as the St.
David ran from Kiugston to Lachine, accom-
plishing the journey in aLout twenty bours.
The Toronto Regatta, unGer the patron-
age of the :Mayor, took pla.ce on Sept
mber
5tb. The presidents were Mr. Hugh Rich-
ardeon a.nd the Honora.ble J. Elmsley, R.N.,
and among the list of stewa.ràs are the
na.me:> of Captains Steele, !5tewart a.ud Ba.ld.
win, all of the Royal Navy, also Captains
Dick a.nd Colcleugh, of the lake steamers.
There wa.s but one sailing match open to all
boats built upon keejg and under ten tons.
There w 're seven other competitions, all
rowing matches. The total amount of the
prizes was only E,77 10s currency, a little
more tha.n $200, There was little interest
t.a.ken by the public in the proceedings.
The IJ&me steamers as ill 1841 ran from
Toronto to Nia.ga.ra in connection with the
mail line to Kingston. A steamer tha.t for
many yeara did good service on the lake was
commenced this season at Niagara. She
was of 400 tons burthen, was called the
Chief Justice Robinson,was built by.Captain
RIChardson, formerly of the Canada, and was
for some time commanded by his son, Hugh
Richardson, jr. Her bow was of peculiar con-
akuction, she having an e:.ormous cutwater,
not unlike a double furrowed plough, This
was to enable her to cut through ice the
more readily, and it to a very great extent
accomplished Its intended purpose. The
Administrator, of equal tonnage with the
Chief J u!'tice, was built at or nea.rly the
same time, and her route at first was the
5ame as that of the latter. The Despatch,
a small Tessel of 200 tons, built, it is be.
lieved, at Ha.milton, and running between
that port and Toronto, Captain Edward
Harrison, also made her first appeara.nce in
this year. The WeIland, of 300 tons wa.s
also launched in 1842. She had va.rioua
routes, but ran for many years, being finally
burned in 1856. A steamer called,the Lady
of the Lake, which was afterwa.rds changed
into the Queen City, was launched in 1
43,
She w&s tne property of tbe American Steam.
boa.t Company and her route wa.s at first
from Toronto to Niagara. Sbe was looked
upon as a crack vessel and great things were
expected of her.
SUTHJo
RLAND'S NEW STEAMER.
When the na.vigation opened in 1843 there
was vet anoth!lr new steamer known first as
the èommerce, afterwards as the Eclipse,
Captain J3.mes Sutherland. Her route was
Hamilton and Toronto. All the Cana,dian
steamers carried goods and passengers for
th.. United States, in connection with a
New York line of vcssels plying between
Oswcgo and New York, whole announce.
ment of sa.ilings for 1843 reads thus :-

OS\VEGO LINE OF LAKE BOATS
T HE Proprietor(! of this Line desire to inform
the Pablic that their DAILY LINE O}i'
LAKE BOA'l'S will run between NEW YORK
and OSW EGO. direct (witho-wt trans shipme1Ú
at ..4.lban'll or Troy), ail heretofore, during the
Season of 1843.
THE STEAMBOATS
ST. I..A WKE
CE, O
EIDA AND EXPRESS
Run in our Line (exclusively), giving us
superior facilities Ïor transporting Property ta
and from the different places on
LAKE ONTARIO AND RIVER f>'I'. LAWRENCE.
Connected with th'3 Line are
TE
IUJBSTANT.AI.. 8CDOO
ERS.
Plying between OSW EGO and the various
Ports on
LAKE ERIE AND THE UPPER LAKES.
The agents of this line were: In Kingston,
J. H. Greer; in Toronto, George Urquhart,
who resided on Y onge street, and in Hamil-
t.on, Messrs. Gunn &; .Browne, The Gore,
Admiral, Aweri, a amI Chief Justice all re-
sumed their usual course in this se:,son, the
Transit and the Queen Victoria also, 80
that, considering the population of Upper
Canada a&i tbis tin:e, the means of tra.ns-
porta.tion from place to place can not be
deemed to have been im,dequate. The
Eclipse was one of the steamers that ran in
connection wit.b the Royal mail line, as a.lso
did the Chief Justice. It is somewhat
amusing to note how very complacently tbe
owners of the steamboatg describe tbE'ir
various crAfts. The advertisement issued
respecting the sailings of the Eclipse just
mentioned is a case in point. She is described
as the

ROYAL MAIL STEAMER
ECUP8E,
CAPTAIN JAMES SUTHERLAND.

T HIS new and fast sIdling steamer wilJ, until
further notice, leave Hamilton for Toronto
a.t.7 o'clock a.m.. and returning, will leave To-
ronto at 3 o'clock p.m.. touching at the int.er.
mediate ports. The above boat has been buih;
expressly for this route. a
d offers superior
accommodation to the travelling public.
Hamilton and Rochester Steamboat Office,
Toronto, 318t July, 18(3.
The reason the Eclipse received that name
instead of the Commerce was on account of
the fact tha.t on her trial trip from Nia
a.r.
to Toronto she accompliflhed the distance in
less time than the Lady of tbe Lake, then
looked upon as the swiftest vessel. Her
name was thereupon cha.nged to Eclipse, she
having "eclipsed" anything then upon the
lake.
The Brockville, Captain Maxwell, was
bet.ween Kingston and Dickin.oo's La.nding;
the Prince of Wales, Crysler, and Prince
Edw3.rd, \V. 1', Johnson, were on the Bu.y
of Quint
: the Union, still under Captain
Burns, was on her old route, while in con.

LANDMARKS OF TOR01'\ TO.

879

nection with the lake stea.mers the Pilot,
Robert Gilpin, and the By town, Sugbred,
left Kingeton for Montreal enry TuesJay
and Thursdav respectively.
The events of the 8ea.sou of 1844 do not
call for any very extend.d comment.
From KinO'ston-r&n the .teamer Pilo' for
Montreal lirec". advertised thus :-l'his
well known, favorite low pres!lure boat will
resume her re
ular trips 011 the opwning of
navigation, leavin
Kinn
n all usual.very
Tuesday at 2 p. m, -.nd Montreal every
Thursday at 6 p.m,
The o\'tners beg to intimate that !!IOme im-
provement has been made in her boiler, by
which they n:pec1i her speed W'ill be very
materially it'creaeed; also other improve-
ments to the boas in gent ral, thereby addin

to her comfoñ and convenience. H. & S.
Jones.
Capt. Bonter succeeded "-. T. Johnson in
command of the Prince Edward 8n the Bay
of Quinte.
A PLEASANT ARRANGEMES'I.'.
It was widely advertised that the new and
fut sailing IIteam packet Prince Ed ward
(Captain Bonter) .. will commence running
on the l1ay of Quinte on Monday next, and
continue during the ensuinjl season as fol-
lows :- Will leave Belleville for Kingston
every Monday, \-Vednuday and Friday
evening, at 6 ú'clock, touching at the inter-
mediate pla
es on her way down.
.. And will leave Greer's wha.rf, Kin
ston,
for Belle",ille and the River Trent every
Tuesday and Thursday eveniul?, at six, and
every Saturday eyening at foar, touching at
the intermediate places. N. B. -Pas'Jages
free for reverend gentlemen ot all denomi-
na.tion!!. "
This was very pleasan' for the .. reverend
æ:entlemen. "
On April 14th a propeller, afterwards
known as the Londnn, containing an engine
ot 25 I:orse pO'Yer, was launched at; Cobourg.
She was the property of Mr. Ba.ker. of tha'
town, and was intended for the carryin

trad(õ! from there to MontreaL
The steamers Favorite, Britannia and Rob
Roy, forwa.rding steamers under Captains
Jones, Mr.xweU and Dickinson, received
and forwarded goods, produce and
passengers from Monteeal to Kingston and
vice versa, by the Rideau canal aud River
St. Lawrence. It 20ea without saying, that
the agen'. for these ateamers,both in Kings-
ton and MontreQ.l unite in deacribin? them
.. u being "U of the first clus and fitted up
io. a style equaJ. to any on tbe route." Such
mv.y have been Ute cue certainly, but it is
IIOmewha.t disquieting to find travelIers who
\eH a BOrne what different tale. For instance
Ronnycastle in his book of travels, referrinl?

to this period, makes loud complain ts ahout
the absence of comfort experieneed and em-
phatically pronounces "the charge for wine
sh&meful, SeyeD shillingø and sixpence a
bottle and stufF of the most infe-riot" qua.l-
ity." Th. charge may have been true but
the gallant major should have remembered
that he could hardly expect n8 much com-
fOl't on a river s ealller as at the Royal En-
gineers' mess.
'l'he old Traveller disappeared this year.
This ï.. the l>>.st ever heard of her :-
.. Steamboa.t for sale at Kin
tOll dock
yard. To be sold by auction, at Killgston
dock yard, on Tuesday, the 28th of the
preseDt month, Her Majesty's atea.m veøsel
Tranller, with her engines and boilers com-
plete. ., The ad vertisemen t proceed. fllr-
th,'r to describe the stea.mer as "a fiDe, iaet-
going veuel of 352 tons, with a first-rate
en
ine of 90 horse power, in perhct con-
dh,ion, She is now riding at the moorin
.
in Navy Bay, off the dock yard, had a.
thoroulth caulkin
in August last, whcn she
was housed oyer ; her hold and decks have
been well aired with heated stovea durin

t;he winter m
ths. She m!lloY be examined,
and also her machinery, ev<ry day previou.a
to the sale, (Sundays excepted), within the
working hours
UA dep08it of 25 per cent. to be made at
time of purchase, the remainder of the pur-
cha8e money to be paid before the ship ia
remoyed, which u to be done within one
month of the sale, a' the sole expense and
cost; of the pur::haser." Jas, Linton, Auc-
tioneer.
In 18" was widely a.dvertised the
DAIL Y LINE
BETWEEN BUFFALO AND NIAGARA
FALLS.

The f&lt sailing. low prelSure steamboat,
EMERAL1),
CAPT. VANALLEN.
W ILL leave Buffalo eyer:; day tor Chippawa
and Port Robinson, at 9 o'cioek a.m..' and
returning willlf'ave Por, Robinson a' 1Z o'clock
noon. and the railroad dock:. Chlppawa. at 12
o'clock. p.m., except on Sundays. when .be will
leave Buffalo at tbe same hour for Cbippawa
only, and returning will leave Chippa,wa. I\t t
o.clock p.m.
By this route plI.lISengersleavlng Buffalo at 9
o'clock a.m. will have an opportunity of view-
in
Navy Island, Ningara Falls and tbe aplen-
dia scenery of Niagara river, and arrive at
Queenston in time for the boats proceedin
to
Toronto. OBW
O, Rochester, Kingston and
MontreaL Returnlnft wID arrive in Lime for
the eastern e&rs and tho boats goinK west 011
Lake Erie. Passenger. leaving Toronto in the
morning and taking tbe cars at Queenston and
the Emerald at Chippawa :wiU reach Buffalo
before 5 o'clcek in the afternoon. Cars also
leaye Queen.ton in the eveninlt after the ar-
rival at the .
amer that leaves TOroD
as 2
p.D\.
June. 18:&:&.

880

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

The Adn1iral left Hamilton for Oswego
every Tuesda.y and Saturday at. 2 p,m. ::;he
called at Oa.kville, Port Credit, Toronto,
and Port Hope both going and returning.
The American and Gore were on the route
between Toronto and Rochester.
THB CRUI!i.ER CHEROKEE.
Durin", the lat\er enci of 1843 \\,all com-
menced .t Kingston .. ve8sel of 700 tons
burÛ1en which, when launched the follow.
ing year, received the name of the Cherokee,
She was built under the direct superintenà-
ence of Mr. Tucker, the naval constructor,
sent out to Kingston from England by the
Imperial Government. Sae was commanded
by Captain Davis, R. N. Her chief officer was
Lieutenant Riccalton, while Dr. Pierce W&8
her surgeon. Her armament consisted of
six and Dlne pounder guns, eit!hteen in all.

he cruised between Kingston, Toronto,
Hamilton and Niaga.ra. On her trips from
Kinl!:ston to Toronto a.nd ba.c:k aga.in Captain
Thomas Dick almost invaria.bly pilotêd her.
His fee for this service wall five pounds each
wa.y, but he thought himself well compen-
sated by the good time he had aboard with
the officers, a.a.d he used to di.stribute h1s
piiot fees among the men. After sailing
about Lake Ontario for some years the
Cherokee was t.aken to Halifax, and after
bei!lg, lig!t.tened up' wl!-.s__
01
t
,Ç,aptaj..n
Gaskin. who was assiBted in his purchase
by E. M. Yenwood. la.te of KiDgøton. then
connected with the Bank of Montrp.a.l.
Captain GMkiD.. ran her as mail boat be-
tween Halifax and at. John'..
- A
õtiie

l
the :Mohawk, also a
gunboali, but of very much smaJler dimen-
lIions, being only of 150 tons burden, was
built at Kingston about the same time IU
the Cherok
. She l:ruised on Lakes Erie
and Huron. Her first commander was
L1eutena.nt Tyssen, R. N. He was succeed.
ed by Lieutenant Herbert The I.lohawk
was broken up in the early " fifties."
The Fr()ntenac, Captain I ves, plied from
Àingston to Toronto and vice versa.
The Charlotte, By town and CalcdoDla ran
from Kin
ston *0 Montreal &s heretofore, as
did also a line of propellers,
The Dext øeason the Eclipse, Captain
Gordon, ran between Toronto and Welling-
ton Square foc pa.rt of the time, &Ad for the
latter portion of the year extended her
journeys to Hamil ton. The Amerrea, con.
tinned her old route from Toronto to
Rochester. The Queen Victoria. Admiral,
Transit and Chief Justice ran in connection
with each other, and aillo in connection wit.h
the R. M. stean
rs from Toronto to Niagara
and the head of the lak"!. The Forester, a
small steamer of aoou(, 250 tons, was la.unch-
ed in the spring of 1845, and ma.de her trial

trip on Rice Lake on AprIl 15th. On the
16th of the following fo:eptember sbe be2an
under Captain L. L \Veller to run regular-
ly from Peterborough to Gore Landing.
The Gore diSc1.ppeared this seasØIl from
Lake Ontario. Under ttHt eommand of
Captain J ames Dick sbe was taken throu
h
tile WeIland c...nal, from thence to Lake
Huron.
She was the first steam vessel belonging
to the mercantile marine that phed UpOB
Lake Huron and the Georgian Bay.
There were DO material alterations mac:M
either in the steamboats themselves or ill.
their commanders for the season of 184ð.
The Despatch, previouilly mentioned, ra.
from Toronto to Hamilton, Captain Edward
Harrison being her capta.ÏD. But if there
was little alteration in the vessels sailing
from one port to the other, there was a very
great dea.l of change in the fareoS, ruinous
c o mpetitio'\1 being the order of the da.y be-
tween the rival owners. The Toronto Globe
of
\jay 13th thus refers to the subject in an
article headed
.. THE STEAMBOAT MONOPOLISTS."
It thus writes :-" Th. high (ares which tbe
owners of IIteamboats in this province have
levied on the public, and 1II'hich we conceived
it our duty to animad vert pointedly upon
last year, are now producing their legitimate
fruits. The elitterin
prize has produced
strong competition between two classes of
proprietord who ha
e hitherto not disturbed
each other. If the farea had continued rea-
sonable, such as not to put narrow limits on
the natural advantages this province enjoys
for travelling, this might never have oc-
curred. But unreasonably hi1zb far@s have
produced. revulsion to the other extremity.
Captain Richardson reduced the fare to
Kin
ston to $3, a fair price which mieht
haye sa.tisfied the pubhc, and afforded
an ample remuneration to the proprictOl's.
but the opposite party was not conten

and now the passø.ge, a.s we are informed,
may be made for the ruinously low price of
$1, a.nd between Toronto and Ha.milton for
one shilling, or anything.' The paper, after
some
eneral rema.rka on the suLject, con-
cludes its a.rticle lJy assuring the steamboat
proprietors that allY attempt to revert to
the former high fares will only provoke new
and more determined opposition, adding, ill
a somewhat lofty tone C)f patronage, ., Cap-
tain Richardson'!! line,&8 far &awe can lea.rn,
is best entitled to support."
A pleasure steamer, known as the Isla.nd
Queen, Captain H. I ves, ran from Kingston
to Wolfe Island, callinl'!; at Ga.rden Island
dally. She made fo
r trips each way. Her
season extended from Ma.y 1I
to Nonmber
1st, on the Ba.y of Qui.nte,

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

881

The City of Kingston, Captain \V, C. Hamilton, was a very large shareholder. He,
La.wless, made t,hree trips B. wef'k b
tween in company with the presisent of the
Kingston and BeUevill
, ca.lling at the usual Hamilton Board of Trade and several of the
stopping pla.ces. . ,_ merchants of that city, were present at her
A very importa.nt mee
ng, Mr. T. GIbbs launch on July 3rd. The materiala of which
Ridout presiding, was held at Toronto on the Magnet was t.uiIt were imported from
December 28tb, " for the purpose of England, The vessel was a great credit to
establishine; a line of freight propellers the Niagara Dock Company, as well as to
between Toronto a.r.d Oswego." :\ir. George Captain Sutherland, under whose direction
:Brown the well-known Canadian sta.tes- she wa.s built. It goes without sayin
that
man, a.ttcndf"d and spoke in support of the the owners of \.he Magnet considered their
project. Mr. Brown alilo referred to the vell8e
"the hest on the continent," but they
injury done to the country by the exorbi- were, for Canadian steamboat owners of the
\ant steamboat fares which he said "shackled day, fairly modest. They only advertilled
business confined knowledge, and were felt her at firat as "the finest velsel on Lake
as a 5!rie'vo\ls burthen by the whole of the Ontario."
oommunity." The meeting came to an end These two steamers fulfilled, indeed more
.rter passin
various resolutions relative to tha.n fulfilled, all expectations indulged in
\he water traffic. conc
rning them by their owners. More
Trade was exceedingly quiet and times than forty-six years Ia.ter, in 1893, they are
dull when the &eason of 1847 opened, so it both 8tilI on the rgnte from Toronto to
is not at all.ul'prisi
to le&rn that there .Montreal, and are likely to long continue
..ere grea.t complaint.. from the owners of there.
I"ke and riYer steamers of the scarcity of An accident occurred to the Transit
passengers and the ahaence and smallness of ste'l.mer,formerly owned by Captain Richard-
frei
hts. The steamers America, Admiral, son, in J\lly. 'Vhile on a journey up
EclipM, Despatch and Chief Justice
l
wt:re the St. Lawrence she IItruck a sunken rock,
on their accustomed routes. In addItIOn to wltich .unk her in shoal water. She
these was a .teamer called the Telegraph, was raised and towed down between
Ca.ptain Ma.aon, plying between Toronto and barges to the Marine railway, Kingston, but
Hamilton. the fastenings giving way all IIÀe la.y near the
The Britim Canadian, published ai To-- wharf, IIhe went down in deep water and be-
ronto, August 14
h, in the same year came.. total wreck.
contains the following interesting no- A well-known sailillg vessel, the Scotland.
tice: cc )larriage. On .
Ulust 6th, by was bnilt at Toronto and launched tb.re ia
the Reverend J. Harclay, M.A.,
t St. Mayof ibis year. Thom!!.s Brunskill, of
Andrew's church, Toronto, Captain T. Dick, Toronto, wa.a her owner, but lihe did not be-
steamer Chief Justice Robinson, to Joanna, fin to make regula.r journeys until the fol-
only daughter of the late John Carfrae, lowing year. Navigation appears to have
Esquire. .. had an early start in 1848, a1S the Eclipse
This year was marked by the fearful resumed her trips from Hamilton to 'Toronto
mortality caused among the emivrants from on.J\-J arch 15th. All the other lake steamers
the United Kingdom to the Canada! by began their journeys at the end of the same
typhus teTer, or. as it w&s more genera.lly month or very early in the following April.
called. emigr!!.nt fever. No record exi'!ts as STRA
Wl!:, 'l'HOUGH TRUE.
to the number of those who died .fcom I A corresponã.ent of ODe of the Toronto
ita effeets, but it is generally believed I newllpapers, dating from Queenston, March
to han exceeded one thousand souls. 30th, 1848, relates: "This morning has wit-
Two BeW vessels, that afterward" became net3!:!ed an unprecedented spectacle, long to
great popular favori\es on the lakes, were . be remembered in connection with the Falls.
launched in the early summer of 1847. They Suddenly the waterfall retired to a consid-
wezoe the Passport and tbe Magnet. The era-bie extent towards the centre, so that
first of these was the p
operty of the Hon- the ta.ble rock. was leh dry sufticiently to en-
<<able John Hamilton. The Kingston able those who had the good fortune to be in
Chr01t
of June 12th remarks in a casual the vicinity to go as far acrosa the river
manner, ... if new steamboa\s were as plenti. above al!! to be directly (,ver the kefRendons
ful ... blaclr berri
, "We ha.ve heard that a fall. Tbis feat was accomplishe41 by ladies
trial trip has been made of the Hon. John and others. Several bayonets, muskets, etc.,
Ha.milton's new iron IIteamboat the P&SsDðrt, w-&e picked tv.>. The water' bas iiuce re-
and tbat she proyes to be, as wal!! antici- turned to nearly ita nsna.llevel, The C.UUÞ
pat ed, tbe fall
t boat on these waters..' of the occurrence is attributed to the aceu.
The aecond of these vessels, the 'Magnet, mtlla
ion of ice atLheingresstotheriver from
was launched at Niaga.ra. Mr. Gunn, of Lake Erie J c1oaW
for a time the iDlel"

882

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

CHAPTER CCXLIV.

Of steamers on the upppr St,Lawrence,run-
ning in connection with the Ha.milton, To.
ronto a.nd Killg:>ton boats, the Empire, Cap-
tain Bonter, ran from the River Trent to
.\tontreal and vice verllll., all throl.lih ihe
sea.son, leaving Montreal on Mondays and
the Bay of Quinte on Thursdays. fhe
steo1mers British Empire aud British Queen
plied from Prescot.t to Montreal '0 long as
the river wal!l open for navi
ation.
An accident attended with the most
lamentable loss of life occurred on Lake Erie
'
ar1y in May to the Commerce,.. propeller
plying on that lake. The following extract
from .. private letter written
by a la.dy residing near Dunn-
ville give. a very {{ooà account
of the circumstances. It il!l dated Port
lait-
land, May 9th, 1848, and reads as fol-
Iowa :-
.. I fe!l.r my' letter will almost bs teo latc,
but this most mclancholy accident on the
lake has 80 occupied all our a.ttcntion tha.t
I could not write before. You have prob
L-
bly aeen full particulars of ft in the papers,
but as it occurred within two miles of us I
will mention it again.
.. The Despatch steamer, on her way to
Buffalo, ran into the Commerce proJX:l!er,
bound for Port Stanley with a àetachmf"ut
of the 23rd Regimens on board, She sank in
fifteen minutes, and forty men, women and
children were lost.
,. Thc assistant surgeon bad leh a wife
and child in Kingston He WlIo'! lost, The
other three officers were savcd but lost.
everything they had. One of them said he
had just drawn three months' pa.y in ad-
Yance. H
nry went; to see tllem to,day.
They were aU taken on bc.rd the Mmos (the
Government steamer). We just now saw
them leaving in the Ea.rl Cathcart. The
ensign {:-;ir Henry Chamberlain} and a few
men are tc:. remain here to attend to the
melancholy duty of burying &ny of the poor
fcllows whose bodies may be "ashed on
sBore. 'l1Iey are bonnd for London. The
re
imental plaåe, wine, stores, etc., a"e all
lost, IIi1d a very la.rge sum of money, About
scventy men are aaved, The mOlt of them
were without clcthes. They have been
p&rtly aupphed froDI Dunm'i1l
aDd this
neighborhood, and we all sent them aU the
beddiD
and blAnkets we could sp&I'e. A
poor little fellow, son of the commisaary in
Montreal, W&8 going up with them for a
plea.sure tl"ip an,l he was loat. You may
suppose it bauished everything else from
our minds. >,

Tile Trade 8f 'lte Lake Stili ('enU..ell 'e
t
xpa.d-T"e Mnil SteaMers a.d .,lter
JlaUen.
With the .pring of 1849 the various
ateamships that were running in the previous
seas<Jn between the l..ke ports reaumed their
journeys. 'I he line from Toronto to Roch-
ester ran as in the season preceding, and
consisted of the same vessels, There was ..
slight change on the Niagara line, though,
the adyert'ilement il!lsued from the stearn-
bO!l.t office, 22 FroDl; street, Toronto, an.
nouncing tha.t
THE ST.aJlER CITY OF TORONTO,
IN PLACE OF Till!: STEAMER
CHIEF JUSTICE ROBINSON,
"TILL, un"iI further DOtice, lð&ye Toronto
,., for NiaKara, Qneenston and LewistoD.
every MorninK. (Sunday!! excepted), &t half-
pa.st seven o'clock, comme'lcing 011 Monday,
April 1st. returning, will leave Lewi3ton at one
o'clock. P.M.
This arrangement. only lasted a yery short
time.
The _
dlniral, Eclipse and other steamcrs
..11 continued on their respective routes.
As an inetallce of the time it I hen took
for a journey frolR l' 'ronto to Ottawa, it
may be mf)nlòiuned that, wit.h hard work, it
might be accomplished in 48 hours; that is,
from Toronio to Kingston in twenty, and
from the latter toWIl to Ottawa in twenty-
eight honrL The fo.lowinC a.àyertiilement
will show how teàio\la was the journcy.
Under date Kingston, June 5th, 1849, .Mac-
pherson &; Crane thuli a.d vertise :
THE LOW PRES
URE STEAMER
BE.-i VEIt.
CAPTAiN HELL.
' '-TILL ply. during
hø Season, between
ry KINGSTON and BYTOWN, a.nd vice 1'el'sa.
twice a.-week. as follows-:ea,'iD
King,;ton
every T1USdav and Friday Morning. at Nine
o"clock, IUld Hytown every JVednesda'Jf and
SattLrdall Evening, after the arrival of the
Phomi:.e from GrenviHe, atrordini:
WeRtem
TraycUen the most interc.tinf: and comfort-
able route to or trom the Caledoni,(, Spring",
DOWSW ARDS:
Wi1l.
ea.ve Kingston at 9 A.M.
KinK8Lon MiU!* 10"
Upper Blewer's 1 P.M.
.Jonea' Falls 3 ..
Isthmus (; "
Ohyer'.. :Ferry 9"
S..ith's F!l.Ils 10 I.
Kilma.rnoek 12 Midnight.
Merrickvii1e 2 A.M.
Burritt's Rapid3 5"
Becken'. La.ltdinj:{ (; ..
LonK Island 51 ..
And arrive &t By town a
12 o'clock. nOon.
The seaeoa of 1849 witnessed a terrible
accident to many of tbe pa.811engers on the
stea.mer Passport, while on her journey from
Montreal to Kingsio
It if! thns def'Cribcd
by the Globe of July Ìst in .hat year :-
We regret to announce Ù1at a most fright.
ful accid
llt occurred t) the ateamer Pails'

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

port on Thursda.y evening, on her trip up
from MontreaL to Kingston. We have as
yet received no accurate account of the la-
mentable affair, except what we hlwe been
enabled to glean from passengers who reach.
t:d here lut evening, but we believe that
the folhwing na.rrative will be found sub-
stantially correct :-
It II.ppears that the chIef engineer of the
Pa.ssport has recently been appointed to a.
better situation, a.nd his successor not
having been appointed. the boat on the
niS!:ht in question was in charge of the
llei::ond engineer. Unfortunately at the time
of the acciúent the second engineer had reo
tired to his berth, leaving an inferior officer
in command-he being, as afterwards ap-
peared, an illiterate person, uuabl. t-<l read
or write.
About 9 o'clock p. m, the Passport wa.s off
Lancaster (16 miles below Cornwall), the
under d..ck being loaded with steera.ge pa.s-
sengers-when the boat took the ground.
Ordel's were given to stop the engine an<l
back out; it appears tha.t to do this, from
the peculiar
onstruction of the enRine, the
engineer should have opened one co.:k and
shut another. He opened the first. but it is
sa.id neglected to shut the other. Th
stea.m
in consequence rushed from the cylinder,
through the hot-well, in among the steer&ge
passengers-and the scene which followed
may be imagined, The shriek which broke
from the unhappy sufferers we are assured
was frightful and was heard several miles
off. The utmost constern&tion struck &11 Oft
bo&rd, the character of the accident beiIlg
for some time unknown; foul' persons jump-
ed overbo,,-r, I , of whom two were saved, but
it is feared the oth
r two were drowned.
Capt, Bowen a.nd his oflLers were most
energe
ic, and the simple nature of the dis-
aster baving been ascertained and confirlence
lIomew ha
restored, every exertion WiloS made
to relieve the l!Iufferers. A s\ll'geon ca.me
off from Lan
aster to t;heir assistance, all(1
the scalded passengers havin
heen brought
on deck, it was found that 44 were scverely
iDjured. Weare told that the scene during
the Dlght was horrible in the extreme; the
cabin was strewed with men, women and
children suffering tbe most frightful agony,
an I the shrieks of ,he dying rang through-
out the night, After some delav the boat
proceed"rl to Cornwall, by wÞieh time nille
of the l!Iufferers ha.d expired, A coroner's
inquest WaJI held by- Dr, McDonald a.nd Mr.
Dickson, and evidence t&ken-but we learn
that no verdict was rendered, the enquiry
having been adjourned.
The sufferers in this unfortumate atrair
were aU immigra.nts_ About twenty of
them were left behind at Cornwa.ll, and the

883

remainder were brought up to Kingston.
We understand that iour additional rleal.hs
have resulted since the COI oner's inques* sat,
and that many others are very serior.sly in-
jureù,
The following correspondence has taken
pla.ce between Capt. Bowen and the cabm
passengers who were on board the P&Ssport
a.t the time of the a.ccident, and from what
we know of Cnpt, Bowen's assià.uity as a
commander, and hi. kindness to his pas-
sengers, we are 8atiafied that be deserves
all that is said of his conduct on thIS la-
mentable occasion :-
U On Board the Steam
Pa.'J8port, }
.. June 28. 1849.
"CAPTAIN BOWEN,
.. Dea.r Sir, - \V c, the undersigned passen-
gers on board the steamer Passport, feel it;
our duty to recol'd our sense of the prompt
and able manner III which you succeeded in
allaying
he fears of the passengers as well
&a in &Terting, as far as possible, the danger
to which we were exposed on the evening of
t.he fa.tal disast.er, which occurred on the
27th ina*.. on our journey from :\-lontreal $a
Kingston. We feel ea.tisfied that the
la.me1ltable occnrrence was not in IIny way
attributa.ble to a want of due vigilance on
yl)ur part, a.I commander of the steamer.
and we haTe much -pleasure in tendering to
yourself, as well as to Mr. Howard &Ad o'her
officers of the ship, our heartfelt thanks for
their kind &Uention to the unfortunate
sufferers on "his melancholy occasion
.. A. Logie, Fra.ncis Lee, W m. H. Lee,
R. L. Lee, Julia Kirchoffer, Margaret
1-Uews, Francea La.mb, Jemima. Clela.nd,
Lucy Alcorn, Anne Alcorn, JaDe Hutton,
J&mes Gullier, James Gallier, Jr., Jame.t
Hutton, \Vm. W. Woodcock, John {"ome.
Timothy Lamb, Thomas Yerman, G. H.
Cutlin<:, G, Powell, Frederick A. Hall. H,
D. Bla.ck, Wm. Heighton, A. \Y. Clelland.
A Baird. B. Cosgrov
,
amuel Alcorn."
(IiI.EPLY,)
" Steamer PUS3port, June 28, 1849.
"MAJOR Loou:,-
"Dea.r Sir,-I beg to return our sincere
th&nks for the very ha.ndsomt! testimonia.l,
which yourself and fellow-pa.ssengers now
on board the steamer Passport, have so
kindly offered &S a. testimony of the
conduce of myself. Mr. Howard, and
othus, officers of the sbip, on the
evening of the fata.l disaater which
occurred on the 27th inst., on the steamer's
pa8sage from 1\lontrea.l to Kingston, and to
&l!Isure you tha.t we shall ever enterta:n &
high sense of the kind consideration shown
to us upon that melancholy occa.sion by the
wholf! of the cabin pa.ssengers.
.. I &lso beg to thank yeu, air, for the

884

LAND
I.A RKS OF TORONTO.

very bandeome manner in which you were On March 20, 1850, the Toronto Examinn-
pleaaed to enclose the said testimonial. announces that tne steamers A me rica. and
" I have th" honor to be, Sir, Eclipse have taken .. their uHual pla.ce. on
"Your very obli
ed humble servant, the lake," the former plying be
ween To-
(Signed) " W
\t. BOWEN." ronto and RDchester, and the latter
The following additional particulars are be
ween ',':-oronto and Wellicgton Square.
from the Kingston Argus :- The same paper also refers to a.
Ou hearing of the unfortunate a.ffair, the new line of steamers, consis\ing of the
owners of the roat immediately telegraphed Passport, New Eu. and Comet, that WAIl
to CornwaU to have all necessary medical to be established on Lake Ontario and the
aid supplied, a.nd atteooaace given to the River St. Lawrence in the seaflon then en-
sufferers, suing. They were to run from Hamilton to
Below we give... list of the killed:aI!d in- I Toronto, thence to .Montreal, touching at all
jured.-The
wo 6 ' nit on the list were young I b.termediate p
rts, in thirty. three hou;s,
women who Jumped ov-erboard on the fir8t without transhipment. The steamer City
alarm and werp. drowned. of Toronto was now wholly the prcperty of
Drowned-Jane Roony, Hannah Forsyth. Thomas Dick. That enterprising mariner
Dead-Mary and Jane Brown,
\1r8. Glass- I had, during the winter of 1849-50, at con-
ner and two children, Chril!ltina l{arnhart; sidcrable expense furnished her with new
and one child. James Ferguson, Mrs, Boyd, boilers s.ud iron paddles, refitted and put
son and daughter, Mrs. Garvin and bel' in such a state of good general repai

daughter, Jane CaltoD, that she almost resembled II. new boat. The
Injured s
verely-Thomal!l Hridle, Hugh Toronto, in \he early days of 1850, took th

Hal5ün and wife, J. Fer
uson, ArthurO'Con- place of
he Chief Justice for a short time
nor, John Brown, ThoID&8 Gordon, P. Sul- on the Niagara route, so as tt' allow the lat-
livan, Ann Hickey, Peggy Cummins, ABn tel' to receive Borne nece!!sary repa.irs after
Brown, Rober' Ros!! and wife, C. Knox. her winter work, which she had performed
Slightly-Catharine Mullin, Mra. Small, withouiö intermission in rough. and smooth
Wm, Cook, two Canadians, Hu
k Mont- weather. A little la.ter the Chief Justice
gomery, 'Vm. Hannah. resumed her usual course. As soon a.!! ever
TINNING'S CIGA.R :BOAT. Eurlington Bay was free from ice in 1850-
A ...ery peculiar vessel plied at this iöime that was aboul April 1st-the steamer
on the bay between Toronto and the Island Rocl1ester, Captain John Masson, ra.n from
opposite, known as the .. Ciga.r Boat," from Browne's wha.rf fot'LGwiston and interme-
tbe peculiar na.lure of its construction. The diate ports, meetin
the ste1l.mers 8.t Lewis-
buU cOllsisted of three hoUow cylinders, ton running in connection with the Ûlwego
bolted weU to
ether and pointed at each and
yracuse Railroad.
_d like a ciga.r. She w
s a steam side The" Horse Boa.t" l:.as been fully des-
wheel vessel, the property of .Mr. R. Tin
cribed in the cc Landmarks," but the sub-
ning, tbe wharfinger. joínE'd advertuement relating to that old
Sb
was anything tut a 3uccess and in the institution I)n Toronto Bay will prove in-
spring of 1850, owing to the Hoods tha.t had terestin
to many readers; it is headed
occurred both at the east and west of the thus:-
city, whereby the Don and Humber bridges
were swept away, Mr. Tinning lea!'ed the
vessel, her machinery having been removed,
to the Toronto City Council, for use MoS a.
ponl;oon bridge over the Don until the bridge
wa.s repaired. Of course all the upper por-
tion of the vessel had been taken away as
well as bel' machinery. The yery
fir.' nigbt ahe waa moored a

th. Don the ferrymen who, when
she arrived found, like Othello, " their occu.
pation gone," lank her, and she had, of
course, to be raised. Nevertheless, she was
again placed in position, alld
uarded each
night by special watchmen to pre,.ent
fur
bel" outrage. \Vhen toe bridge was re-
'Paired, the old "Cigar," or what was left
Õi ber, was not used for any other pur-
pose, but laid by, and was ev
ntually
broken up.

CHEAP PLEASURE.
T HAT Safe and Con'f"cnif'nt Ho!"sc Boat, the
PENINSULA PACKET, will leave Mr.
Maitland's Wharf. foot of Church street, every
day at 10 o'clock, a.m.. 12.24, and 6 p,m.. fer
the Peninsula Hotel. Returning a
11 a.m., I,
3,5 and 7 p,m. precise1y.
Fare to and from, 7id Family Season Ticketø
$. each. Swings and Merry-g(\-round. etc.. for
the amuseme.nt. of Children. Dinncrs, Lunches,
Teas, etc.. t.o be had at the shortest notice.
Good P&Bture for Horses and other cattle,
which can be conveyed over by the first boat-
not later.
Toronto.lS-'i(). L. J. PRIV AT.
Terrible floodl!l, the result of two days' suc-
ct'ssive rain,occurred on April3rd. They were
attended by
reat destruction of property
throughout the entire province, esp
ci..lJy
at Toronto. The Don bridge on the King.

ton road was ccmpletely carried away,
communication from the east "ith 'rorOlltu
was for a time entirely cut off, and the
ast.

L,-\.NDUARKS OF TORONTO.

885

"-"
>-ò
'"

;rJ

\

\ ""
"-

/

-t,

Co

...-:

o
"':I
>3
o

o
Z
>3
?

38 .

l...A.NDMA RKS OF TORONTO.

ern mail delayed for about two days. The paragraph &nnouncinl' the .. first boa'
ðridge a-t
he Credit was also grPIÜly dam- oì the through line: the Comet, Cap-
aged, the mail for two daYR ha.vin
to be tain T&
'lor. leaves Kingston for
oarried over in a IICOW. The swing bridge Toronto and Hamilton at twelve o'clock
a' the mouth ot the Humber was carriej noon to-day This is the firs' boat
aw&y, as Wag also that over the }1imico of the new line, and will be followed in dne
oreek. In addition to the great destruction succession by the New Era. a.nd Pasf-port as
.f property, unfortunately l08S of life had I soon as they can
-got rea.dy."
to be added, more than one person being The American line of steamerll from
oarried away by the floods and drowned' i Oswe
o to Toronto, Kingstf\n and intermed-
In the clo!ing days of April the Toronto iate ports, conlSisted throughout 1850 of four
ExamÏJ
er reperts 8. m
etiug held in King- vessel
, the Cataract, Fay State,Ontario and
aton of the varIous steamboat owners on Northerner. '] he Niagara, a.lso an Ameri-
La.ke Ontario under this heading :- can vessel, made bi-weekly trips from To-
.. THE STEAMBOAT CONVENTIOY. ronto to Oswego and vice versa.
I< A convention of the principal steamboat The Admira.l had new boilers put in durin!:t
proprietors on both sides of the lake was the spring, a.nd in June was put on the Nia-
held at Kin
ston last week. gara route a.s a morning boat from Toronto
"1 he agreement they ca.me to was this: to Lewiston. On June 7 the (;overnor-
That through line should pay to the owner of General accompanied by seventy members of
lake boats $1 on each cabin passenger and both houses of the Legislature, ø.bout eighty
half a dollar on each deck passenger brou
ht I Governmen
clerks and lome dignihries and
by them. the through line, from Montreal I reporters, started from Toronto in the Chief

Ha.milton. Justice for the \V ell and Ca.nal, tor tbe pur-
U Mr. Bethune was to receive the amount pose of visitin
the Public Works there pro.
.f the fares for a.ll pa
senger3 carried from I
ressing. The ste&mer returned to Toronto
'J.'oronto to vwiHton th&t the through line the foHowing day. A sad disaster, aC'Jom-
brought to the former place from below, no panied by awful loss of life occurred on Lake
ma.tter in wha.t boan they ha.d their pa.s- Erie on June 17th. the steamer Griffith, with
.
e. passengers fo: Buffa.lo, bein
burned to the
"The rates were to be the same as when water's edge_ The number of dea.ths ex-
the opnosition ceased in the precedinK ceeded 250 souls. A new vessel named the
....on." , Highlander, atterwards aile of tbe throup;h
..l\OLwlthstanding this a
reement there was Jine from Montreal to Toronto, was built
something of an opposition, though It; Wa.8 and completed in July. She was de!'cribed
!Jot sufficiently powerful to ba.ve any effect by the pre!\8 of tile time as I< a splendid
Dpon the rates of pa.ssage. The freight boat." The Sovereign for 0. very brief period
.tearners tbat r&n froln Montrea.l to Toronto in 1850 formeci one of the R. M. Hne from
and Hamilton, which included the Ottawa, Toronto to Kingston, but il\ the end of Ma.y
'Britannia, England, Scotland. Ireland, wag placed on the Niagara. route and re-
Hibernia, \V estern ;.Iiller, Free Trader and I mained 'herenpon during the rest of the
Commerce, were all able to carry front season.
twenty to thirty cabin. 8esides a large, On Lakes
imcoe and Huron there wa.a also
:aDmber ()f steerage, paf'lsengers. Depending what wa.s known as the Royal Mail Line of
lIS they did upon freight for remuneration Stea.mers. On the former the
\1orniDg ran
they were able to carry theae passengers at from Holland La.nùing to OrilJia, irom
Tery low rates. The agreement therefore thence pa.stengers were conveyed by stage to
tha.
the other steamboat proprietors ha.d Sturgeon Bay, which :port the s'ea.mer Uore
..ctered into was just what the owners of left each wee\; for the Sault St.e. Marie,
the steam freight ships wi!hed for. Several calling at a.ll the intermediate ports.
!1Jhooners, amon!! them the Western Miller The new steamt'r Ma.zeppa, Captain
alld Governor, chartered by Mr. Dawson. of \Vil!iam Dona.ldson, was in the very begin-
lIalifax, N, 5., ran in the season of 1850 be. ning of the season of 1851 announced to
-nreen Toronto anà Ha.lifax, They took commence running on or before the 15th day
t;anadian and brought back WeISt India.n of April, hetween Toronto and St. Catha.r-
produce and N ova Sco
ian fish. Another inea, lea.ving Toronto at 7 a. m, and return-
.choouer ownt.d by Mr. Thompson Smith illg lea.ve St. Catharines at 1 :30 p.m.
W&8 engaged on the same enterpnse. Pø.sl!engers who left Toronto by this ronte
\Vhilc ascending Lake Ontario on April arrived in St. Catharine! in time to ta.ke the
22nd the propell'r St. Lawrence was struck line of stages (meetiß
the Emerald, tor
by lightning and vel'Y seriously injured I Buffalo) pallsed through a beautiful tract
Happily no lives were 8acrifict"d. The of country, conspicious in which was the
Kingdon Whig of the same date has a short WeHand Canal, with its many splel'did

LA1\DMARKS OF TORONTO.

R8i

.f,
..; 1\

1,

C
'Jf

?

\

W
\ r
If
f'

r

8
8

LANDMARKS OF TOROSTO.

The New a.nd Mag-niticcnt Upper Cabin
Steamers
CHAl\IPION .. .. .. .. Capt. :MARSHALL
HIGHLANDER .. STEARNS
MAY JfLOWER .. ... PATERSON
Will run as follows. viz.:-
HARBOUR MASTER'S OFFICE, } IJPW A.KDS.
Alay 8, 1
1.
WORSHIPFUL SIR.-Reftecting upon your aug. FRO M M 0 N T REA L :

t1on of this mornin
regø.rding signals. it Highlander.. .... .. Champion.. ,.... .:Mayflower
atnlck me that they could aot be too iiimple. 'luesdays.. .... ,. Thursdays.. .. .. " Fridays
All vesaels possess a Union Jack, or ought to. At
o'clock p.rn" and Lachine on the arrival of
and thereupon I conilulted wIt.h Capt. f:)uther- , the 5 p m. Traina.
lan
of the M
gnet and wea.grcec;l upor. the
ol. FRo.K OGDKNSBURGH
1owmg. to deRlgnate Wharfs, With aomet.hmj:C. "
like the following announ('.ement, if your \vor- I 'Wedne8daY8 .. Fndays .. Satllrdays
lIbip should see fit. At 2 o'clock p.m., or on the.arrÏ\'al of the Ex-
.All veeøels arriving at the Port of Toronto in preslJ TralD.
the day time, and desirous of prDtection from FROM KINGSTON:
the audaority of the Corporation. will designa.te I Wednesdays.... Fridays .. .. Saturday..
the Wharf thE'Y intend to stop at by the follow- At 8 o'clock, p.m..arriving at Toronto and Ham.
:lng riignala : ilton early the next day.
F-Gr Gerrie's Wharf, Union Jack at Bowsprit
end.
:For Browne'l Wharf, Union Jack at l\1ast.
head.
For Maitland'. Whuf. Union Jack at Staff,aft.
Foc Tinninlfs Wharf, Union Jack in Fore-
ri,;ginK.
"'or Helli"ell's ,\\--harf. Union Jack over
Wheel house (land aide.)
Veasels not :fInding room as expected at the
-.-ba.rf designated, will change their signal to
tbat of any other wharf, where they wish to
leek a berth.
I have the honor to be.
WOI'l!hipful Sir,
Your most obed't lIervant,
HUGH RIC'HARDHON.
H.t.RBOR MASTER,
Port of Toronto,
john G. Bowes. ESQ" Mayor.
There were but few changes in the ea.rly
pari; of 1851 in the vessels plying upon On-
tario or the St. Law-rence. The steamer
Comet. met with an accident on April 21st.
w hereby not only was the vessel rendered Mo
t.otal wreck, bnt three lives were ..110 sacri
Deed. \Vhile lyin
at one of the wharves in
Oøwego her bodeI' eX:ploded. and in addition
t,o tho.. killed. many others were dread-
fully injured. Running on the St. Law-
....aDce from Kingston to Montreal in connee-

.J

docks, and alao a view of Niagar.. Falls frolD
the British side of the river.
For freight or passa.ge the captain was to
\e "Pf'Hed to.
SYSTEM OF SIGSALLING.
It WIll be seen by the following corres-
pondence that a aystem of ai
nall!l for the
convenience o
the public attending the

.arves of Toronto by which the uncer-
ta nty as to which wharf Y8
els entering
the harbor would touch at. was removl'd :-
To the Editor of the Pat1'Íot.
SIR,-L this morning. 8ug
ested to Captain
Richardson, our active Harbor Master, the
convenience it. would afford to the citizl"BS gen-
erally 1\8 "ell 801 to the carters aDd cabmen. it a
<rignal were carried by all steamers entering the
)ÞOrt of Toronto during the day, designatiO&' 'he
wha.rf at which they iut_d to put up.
To which sug
e5tion I reeeived trom Capta
n
Richardson the enclo!tCd reply which you will
gblige!De publishing in tbe Patriot.
Yoursetc,.
JNO. G. BOWES.

'.Ioronto 8th May, 1851.

tion with the steamers on the upper Isk..
were tàe Commerce, Western 1\hller and
Scoi;land, aU s
lIomera under t.he command
respectively of Captains Purdy, CochraRe
a.nd Marsh&l1. There were no a.lteratioos
on either LlI.kes ...,imcoe and Huron in the
sailing arra.ngements which had obtained i.
1850.
The Highlander, which haa been mention.
ed a.s havinj;?; been built in the Bummer of
1850 with the Champion, also a new boa.t,
and tbe Ma.y Flower, formed a line which
began ita ciloreer on August 26th. It was
widely advertised thus:
NEW THROUGH LI
E.

T.ronto,

Ðamtlten, NtaEar. FaUll aad
Buffalo Direct.

DOWNW A.ltDS.
FROM LEWISTON.
Cha.mpion, .. .. May Flower, .. .. Highlander,
MondaYIl .. .. Wednesda.yl.. .. Saturdays.
Bta.m.
FROM TORONTO:
Do., Do..
FROM KINGSTON.
Tuesda.ys, .. .. Thursdays. .. Sundays.' a.m.
FROM OGDENSBUHGH:
Do.. Do" Do., 10 a.m.
And are invmded to arrive in Montreal the
flame KTcninlls, in time for the Quebec
Boats, at 7 o'clock.

Do., Noon.

I N addition to the above namt>d porta, the
boa.ts will call at the other importa.nt Lake
aod River Ports.
After the 20th day of
September, the Boats will discontinue ca.lliDK
..t LewistoD, and make Ha.milton tbe port of
departure at 7t o'dock. on the morninss of
:Monday., Wednesdays. and Fridays.
The establishment, of this LiDfi will enable the
merchants of Canada'" cst to remain through.
our. the business day in Montreal. and to reach
their homell almost as early as if they had gone
by the :Ma.il Line at noon, a.nd connecting. all
the boats will do, with the up and down Ex-
preM Trains a' Olo;densburgh. they will afford
direct conveya.nce fur pa.
scngers and freight
between the Canadian ports and the Eutena
St:.tes.

889

LAKD
lARKS OF TORONTO.

It il deemed unnecessary to dwell upon the
ad van ta.ges of tirst-claf's stea.mers passilJg direct
frOiD the head of Lake Oßtario to Montreal.
and vice versa, over tboRe Lines that, in\'olve u.
transhipment (on the downward trip) at an un-
seasona.ble hour in the mormng.
In compliance with '" generally expre!!sed
wish, on !he part of the pu
lic. a separate
charge will be made for meal;!,
z;rThe Line will bfl commenced by the
HIGHLANDER, les.vins;:- }Iontreal on TUES-
DAY. the 26th instant, the CHÂ
l[PIO,"-' on
THURSDAY, tbe 28th, and the .l\1.A Y j1-'LOJVER
will be out next month.
F or Freight or Pas.!Ia.ge apply to the Captains
on board, or at the NEW 'rHROUGH Ll
E
OFFICE, No.30l McGill Street, fir for Champion
8'1d May Flower, to .Macpherson. Crane & Co,.
Montreal: Macpherson &. Crane, Prescott.
King-llton and Hamilton.
Highlander. to Hooker &. Holton, :Montreal,
Prescott and Kingston.

Upon the opening of naviga.tion in 1852
the Nia.gara. route to the United States wall
thus advertised:
QUICKEST ROUTE, TWO BOATS DAILY.
for New York, Boston &nå the Western Sta.tes,
via Lewi.ton and Niagara Falls I

THE MAIL STEAMERS
CHIEF JtiSTICE ROBINSON
AND
CITY OF TORONTO
will, until further notice, leave Toronto d3Hy
at half.past 7 ...m.. a.nd half-past 2 p. m.. con-
necting at Buffalo with the express trains goil!lK
East. also with tbe Statt! Line Railroad and
steamers Koin
\V E'St.
RETURNING.
leaves Lewiston for Tor 'uto at a quarter to 9
a.m.. a.nd 1 p.m.. connecting with the through
steamers at Toronto to MontIcal.

.A. G EN T S.
CHAMPION ASD :MAYFLOWER. Passengers for the west from Toronto were
O
densb:1rgh ., .. .. C..Å. St.arke &. Co. not.ified that
Toronto ,. .. E. M. Carruthflrs. THE STEAMER CITY OF HAMILTON.
Hamilton .. o. Macpherson &. Crane. CAPTAIN JOHN GORDON.
HIGHLANDER. ",XTILL leave Toronto for Hamilton every dar
Ogdensburgh .... C. A. Starke 8: Co. '" at two o'clock p. m.. (Sunday. excepted)
Toronto .. E. Pridbam. calling at Port Credit. Oakvllle. Bronte and
Hamilton .. .. M, W. &. E. Browne. \Yellington Square, weather permitting.
The new steamer. City at H8omilton, Cap- 'Will leave Hamilton for Toront.o, every
tain Harrison left Hamilton da.ily a:; 7 a.m. mor:ning (Sundays excel?te,d) at 8eve
c;>:clock.
, .' d I f' cl\lhr.
(weather permlUmg) at Welnng{OD
ca.Iled a.t t
e mterrnedlate p
rts ar. e t ! S<Juare. Bronte. Oakville and Port Credit.
Toronto agaID on her return tnp at a quar- l'oronto, April 23rd, 1852.
ter p:.st
'f\oo in :he afterI1oon,
, The Princess Hoyal made each Friday
A ternble accident. occurred Dear h,m
s- trips ÍrolR Toronto to Ha.miltoa and .,-ice
ton on Thursday, Augu8t 14th. A party of "er8&, leaviug the former place at 3 p.1IL
thirt.y-five persons, an well-known residents and the latter at 8 a. m,
(If Kingston, sta.rted from
here o
a pic-nic Besides tlM Nia
ara line t9 New York
to
he foot of Lone- Island IU a. ?acnt, an
on there wu ye' another by Roche8ter, which
their retur? the lJoat wILe ca.pslzed and nlUe- was by n" means ba
kward in lettini! t.he
teen of theIr number wer
dr
ow
ed. public know the advanrages it coulcl "tfer ;
The ,Maple Leaf, CaptH.lD W IlklUson, ma.de the arrangements for 1832 wer" advertlHd
occasional trips throughout the summer as follows :_
frmn 'roronto to Bruckville direct, withont D A I L Y L INK 0 F S TEA M KRS TO
tra.nshipment _ at Kings
on, als
between ROCHE5TER.
Toronto, Ha.mIlton aut lDtermedla.te portl!
In October Captain Duncan McBride a8- NEW ASD MOST EXPEDITIOUS ROUTE TO
IInmed command (,f the City of Hamilton, NEW YORK,
the vessel remaining on her usual route. Thro'.1:!:h from Toronto to New York in 26
"\ he Niagara Ch,t"onicle of January 1st, hours; from Ne\T York to Toronto
1852, commenting on the difficulties of in 2,& hours.
comffiuuicatiol1 from one part of the pro- TIlE STEA.MER ., AJlE&.C.A.:'
vince to the other, throughout the winter,
'Jays, .. '] he r.teamer Chief ,Justice atill con- CAPT.
cBRIDE.
hnues her trips hence to Toronto, but the ' ;\TILL ieavu Toroøro for Rochester direct.
wea.ther not infrequentiy iuh'rferes with her every J40NDÄY, WEDSESDAY and FRIDAY
1 . b O d h . h . T evening at 8 o'clock.
regu anty, eSI es tv lch t e lce In oronto Will leave Rochester for Toronto. direct.
:Ba.y for lome day. past haa prevented her every TUESDÄY, THURSDAY a.nd SATURDAY
from reaching any ot the wharves. On morning at 9 o'clock.
Monday she was run into the lllip at this Passengers for New York by this conveY&Jlo..
port; next mornini: the ice h.d:made so may tak' the morning express train ot can
f h from Rochester at 10 minutes after 8, and ar-
Bst she ad to cut.-a work of no littlt' dif. rive at New York about 10 o'clock 8&we even-
ficulty nnd labor, aDd her owner, Mr. Hern, ing, or take a stell.merat AlbaDY and arrive

deserç-es no lit.tle credit for his exertionll in New York during the ni
ht. P&s8eneen
k . .. f l('avin
New York by the express train at'
eePom
open a co
mUDlcatlon 0 80 much o'clock p. m. will arrive at Rochester the fol-
public Importance. , lowing morninK in ample time for the steamers

890 LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

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LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

891

America and Admiral. Those by th.. America I o'clock. as follows, commencing Monda,. next,
will reach Toronto in 21 hours from Nftw York. Uth inøtant:-
The stt"amer Admiral leaves Toront? for MAPLE LEAF. Capt. Wilkinson, every Monday
Rocheste
every Tuesday. T
ur.day ani! Satur- ARABIAN. .. Colcl('ugh, .. Tuesday
day mormng ar halt-past 10 0 clock; .and leaves I NE\" I!;RA, .. Ma1twell, .. Wed'sday
Rochester f?rToront
every M
nda)'. "':,:dnes- CHAMPION Marshall. Thurilday
d,a y and FrIday mo
nlllg at 9 0 clock. cahmg at HIGHLANDER .. Stearns, . Friday
Cobo
rç' and other lI1termediate port'.!, wttathel' MAYFLOWER, .. Patterson. .. Saturday
pe:::

l'3 by the above .teamers can pur- j They will leave Lewiston an
Quecllston
cba.øe ticKets, at the office. or from the Pur- about half pa8t
wo P. 1\1 , an
arrl ,'e at Mon,
sers on board. for the Cars to Alban}', Xew trealabou!.Four P:M., makll1g the. passage
York or Boston: and also. for tho steamboats from the Niagara Ru'er to Montre
l In about
from Albany to l'ew York. State Rooms on I twenty, five hours.
th.e H!ld,;on River boats, call be secured bY,ap- UPWARDS: WILL LEAVE l\IONTREAL
phcatlOn to the PurHers of the Adnllral .
or America.
V,ERY AFTERNOON (Sundays exce
ted) at Four
Fare by Railroad, Roche!lter to New I 0 c.ock, ."
Yorio;: ................................ '710 For Toronto and Hmmlton dIrect, callmg
Far
by Railroad aod River Steamers. at Odpensbu1'gh. Prescott, Brockvtlle.
Rochester to New york...... $550 Ktngston. Co.bourg, Port Hope,
Fare by Ra.ilroad. Rocheiter to New Darlmgton, etc.
York... .... .. .. .. .... .... .. .... '10 10 Between Toronto, Lewistou, Cape Vin-
Passengers fr.om Hamilton. by leavi!1g on cent, Brockville and Ogdensburgh, there was
Monday a!ld FrIday afte.moon. at three 0 clock, I a daily service of steamen, A t the com.
in the Mall Stea.mer5 PrlDcess Roya.l and Pass.
pon. will arrivtt in Toronto in time to take the men cement of the season these were the
America for Rochester and arrive in New York I K orthcmer and J
a.y State, each of 1,000
In 31 hour.. tons burthen. Thev connected with the
Between Toronto and Port Dalhousie for steamerl:! BrItish Qu;en. British Empire and
St. Catharines there was ãaily commullica- Jenny Lind at Ogden!lburgh for Montreal.
tion, notified widely under this heading: L.ter in the lIeason the Northerner wa.s dis-
S& Catharine. Dnd Toronto. phced by the K ew York, Captain R, B.

TEAMER" MAZEPPA" Chapman, the Bay State remaining under
command of Captain J. H, Ledyard.
The steamer Lady of the Lake, CaptalD
Seymour, made two trips each way daily,
between Kingston and Cape Vincent.
There was also a line of freight steamers
between Toronto and MontreaJ. consisting
of the Britannia, Comet, Dawn, Free Tra.der,
OUay, a, Ontario and \Vestern Miller. 1'hey
made each of them one trip weekly.
A law suit instituted by the owners of the
stp.amer Ma.gnet against those of the Maple
Leaf terminated on October 23rd, after oc-
cupying the court the whole of that day, the
evidence being so conflictlDg, in a verdict
for the plaintiff with damages of $2,400.
On the liame date expired in Toronto tho
commander of the ,Maple Leaf, Captain Neil
\\' ilkiuson.
It was notified ea.rly in November tha

THE STEA:\lER .MAZEPPA,
W ILL RUN the remainder of the Season all
follows, commencing on MO
D.A. y, the
1 8th instant :-- .
Leaves St. Catharines every l\Ionday. \\-"ed-
nesday and Friday Morning, at Eight o'clock.
:J'ROK HAMILTON TO MONTREAL IN 33 HOUItS. a. m.
H.etul'ning, leaves Toronto on every Tuesdl\y,
Calling at Niagara, Queenston. Lewiston Cape Thursday and Saturda:r Morning, at Nine
Vinceltt. Brockville, Prescott. Ogdensbtirgh o'clock.
and other Ports on the St Lawrence. 'l'oronto, Nov. 'th, 1852.
Nearly at the close of the season a new
steamer. the Novelty,Capta.in Bonter, began
to make daily journeys to and from Kings-
ton and the Ba.y of Quinte.
The" independent through line steamer,"
as such sbe was described, the Ocean \Va.ve.

W. DON ALDBON, MASTER
"TILL commence her regular trips on TUES-
" DAY. the 27th inst.
Leave St. Catharines every Morning at half-
pa.st six o'clock. (Sunday. exceptPd.)
ReturnÌ1ur Ittayes Toronto at 2 P. M.
Pas6iengerlJ taking the Mazeppa will rp.aeh
ToroDtoÍn time to tako the boats for Rochester.
Kinr;ston, Montreal and Hamilton.
A third rout.e from Canada to the United
Sta.tell was from Hamilton, where the steamer
Rochester, upon the opening of navigation,
resumed her trips to Lewiston, leaving Ham-
ilton at 7 a.m.; ret.urning, left Lewiston a

1 p.m., conne ting with the United States
express and mail line of steamers to Ogdens-
bur
, touching at all the intermf'diate ports.
In addition [0 all these various means of
tran.it th
rtt were the six stea.mers forming
the ihrough lin.. from the head of the lake
to the lower Province and all parts of the
United States. It wa.s de&cribed ill a busi-
nell.like way, thus:
THROUGH LIXE.

T HIS MAGNIFICENT LINE, composed of
New, Powerful anrl
'ast
teamer8. titted up
In the mORL modern and elegant style. with
Upper and Low"r Saloons, State Rooms, et(",
WILL LEAVE HA
lILTON
EVERY 1\10R
ING, (Sunday., excepted,) at scven

892

LA
D:\lARKS OF TOROJSTO.

Allison \Y right, commander, ran during the ton Square, and she continued on the course
season once a week from Hamilton to
lont- throughout the whole of the winter. The
real, leaving the first place each l.'l:csday at Chief Justice, Capt, \Viläer, left the Queen's
1 o'clock a. m ,calling at the intermediate wharf, Toronto, daily all through the win tor
ports between there and Toronto. She con, I of 1852 and 1853 for Lewiøton. The im.
tinued her journey eastward from Helliwell's ports at the port of Toronto for 1
52
wharf at 7 a.m.. and called at \Vhitby, amounted in nlue to $2,557,268 48.
OshawlI, Port Darlington, Bond Head, Port III 1833 the through line from Hamilton
Hope, Cobourg, Kin_ston and intermediate to Montreal of the previous year was not
ports on the H.iver 8t Lawrence, runaing continued, its projectors having lost
through the whole of the rapIds, and an'iv- money.
ed II.t Montreal on \Vednesday evening. The American express line of steamers'
Returning Ihe left Montreal on Thursday programme for the season extended from
at noon, and, after making the same stop- J UIle 1st to September 30th. Their route
pages, arrived at HamIlton on Saturday I was from O
densùurgh to Lewiston, caUin

e.,ening. I at mtermediate ports,
On Thursday, November 11th, a terrible I The Princess Royal aDd the Admiral
Btorm swept o.,er the lake The wind blew formed the daily line between Toronto and
a perfect hurricane, which did not abate Rochester. The tirst of the1'le two vessels
untIl the enning of the 13th. The effec.s supplanted the America, sold for $10.000
were mosl, calb.mitous. The schooner Albion and 1'Ient to the Bay of Quinte &.1'1 a tow-
WAS driven ashortj on the Island OpposIte boat. The Cape Vincent Railway Company,
Toronto. Nearly all her cargo was lost. through Messrs. McPherson & Crane, pur.
Serious as the matter was, yet it provokes a chased the Mayflower, Cha.mpIOn and High.
smile t') read in a report of the disaster that ] a.nder, and under the name of the latter
"the sugar was much melted." It would firm ran them as a daily line from Hamilton
have been very strange hlld it not been so. to Cape Vincent, calling at &loll intermediate
The brig Erberts, of Chatham, was also ports.
dri \.en aground on the bar, c
ol!e to the I 'l'he City of Hamilton and QUf>en of the
Queen's wharf, Toronto. An American I 'tV est ran a.1I in 1852 from Hamilto;i to 1'0-
.,essel, the
lobi e, of :::<ackett's Harbor, was I ronto an i vice versa
a180 ashoro at tbe same- place, and narrowly! The City of Toronto disappeared this
escaped being a total wreck. As it was, the year, being converted into a towboat,
dama
c done to her was very Rreat. i The Chief JU'Jtice laid up to re-fit after her
The Queen of the \Vest, 8- now Iteamer,
winter's work, on May 1st, and hel' place
commanded by Captain Harrison, began her was taken by tho new iron steamboat .Peer.
daily journeys to and from Hamilt'Jn a.nd less, Captain Dick.
Toronto on Novt:mber 15th. She was then I Among the freight steamers the Britan-
the largeit British steamer on th.. lakes. i nia., Lord Elgin and 15t. Lawrence, the pro-
'1 he engines and boilers \\ ere lupplied by perty of Mrs. Brown, of Hamilton, ran
Gartshore, ()f Dundas. The hull of the from there to Montreal. The Scotland.
Qup.en was built at Uswego, and she was \Ve6tern Miller and Ottawa, owned by
ta.ken to Hamilton to have her boilers put
jesIlr1'l. McPherson & Crane, took the sa.me
in. Her total length of ked was 214 feet, route. The England, Ontario, Hibernia and
and. her ureadth of beam 56 foet over all. I Free Trader, owned I.y MQlsrs. Hooker.t
Another noticeable vessel, the Peerless. I Holton, were !\olaf) on this route. as also were
was in course of construction in the autumu I the Dawn an i Protection, besides a third
of 1852. She was an iron steamer, built at. vess I, all the property of Messrs H. Jones
Dumbarton, Scotland, and was for the la.ktt &; Co., oE Montrea.l. These were all the
route between Toronto and Queenston, Her freight 8 eamers betwepn the ht-ad of the
builders warranted her to run 21 miles an lake and
lontreal. In addition to these
hour. . the
lontlllorenci ra.n from Hamilton to
N a.vigation remained open untiJ very late Quebpc, the Reindeer from thtt latter place to
in 1852, the schooner Eliza \Vhite arrivin
Port Stanlpy, ar.d the propellor Brantford
in Toronto on December 15th, while tho from St. Catt.arines to Montreal.
Queen of the Welt Wil.l still lunning from QUINN'S NEW
TEAMER
Toronttt to Ha.milton. It finally ceased Among the new projects for the season
about a week later. was John Quinn'l stea.mer, the Citizen, built
The City of Hamilton, Admiral and to ran between Toronto and the Island.
America. all laid up for the winter about the Quinn wa.s a very popular man and had
22nd. previously been steward on boa.rd the Maple
The
Iazeppa commenced on December Leaf and City of Hamilton. The schooner
23rd to run between Toronto and WeUing- Jenny Lilld, Robert McClean, master, car-

LAND\lAR'{S ()V TOROXTO. H
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894

LA
D
IARKS OF TORONTO.

ried frelgh' from Toronto, ascending the Isengers of th
ill-starred vessel every
WeIland Canal to Dunnvi11e throu
bout tbe possible assistance. The former conveying
.ea.son of 1853. '!'he l\1azeppa, Captain those rescued to Kingston.
1)onaldsolJ, resumed her couree between On Friday,Mi
y 6th,the new steamer Citi.
Toronto and
1i. Cathll.rines. zen left Brown's wharf, Toronto, at half.
Another sailing vesel, described 808 the pa.st three o'clock, passed through the e-t&t.
Brigantine Sopbia, Captain John .McGregor, erB channel recently formed through t.be
carried freight and a few passengers from penilltsula, proceeded to tbe river Humber
'l.'oronto to Owen Sound. and returned to Toronto in the evening.
Chades Thompson, steamship owner, of Only the day previously one of the local
Toronto, adnrtise. on April 20th, 185:{, as papers pronounced this feat "to be impos-
follows: sible."
Tke Subscriber having purchased the NEw Un May 5th Captain Gaikin, in eom.
F A8T Low Pressure Steamboat mand of the Cherokee, an ocean-goinl
II KALOOLAH." three-masted sailing vessel, left Toronto
H A!? to announce that ..he will !eave Dun- direct for Liverpool, where ahe arrived in
ville on MONDA"!", !7I:d MÁl' next, f<<;>r safety on the 16th of the following month.
the Sault de St. Mar.... ana Sturg
on Hay. 10 A t d f h k .
order to commence tho usu>>.l trips. on the Old or
lion a t IiC ooner nown as tne
Northern Route, between the above porta, John Hlst:man was launched at the marine
under the com!"and of C""PT. ALJI:
, 1\'10- .hipya.rd, Kingston, on t.lay 10th. She was
GRx.GOR, and will stop
t the fifteen dlffer
nt of 310 tons burthen the property ot Mr \-V
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: between Dunvllle Myers, and intended for the timber trade, .
For FRErGHT or Passage apply on board, or The Toronto Leader of Mar 20th remark.
to tho owner, Church Street. Toronto. that .. a firat-class tichooner called the
The Ucean \Vave, Captain A. 'V right, Admiral was launched a" Port Hope on the
made occasiona.l trips throughout this sea- 11th inst. She is of about 140 tons mea-
aun from Toronto to Ogdensburgh. surement." This ves.iel was intended for
In the la.tter end of April a change oc. the timber trade. On June 1st the coroner'.
curreù in th& command of the Cilief .Justice, jury which sa' to investigate the Ocean
Captain W. Milloy replacing Captain \V an disaster and the dea.ths caused thereby
Wilder. The fast-sailing schooner l>efi. returned a ,'erdict of what reallv meant
ance, Captain MooJie, raiL t\\ ice a week "a.ccidental death," The captain W was ex-
throughout the Reason of 1853, between '1.'0- onerated, as were all hit! officers, in fac
no
1'On"o IIond Niagara. Robert Maitlancl, one was to blame, The Toronto Leader-
Church street wharf, was ,be principal and other papers concurred in its remark.
ownEr. -very justly observed that "the public will
Quinn's new steamer. the Citizen, made hardly be satisfied to be told in effect that
her first trips to a.nd from Toronto and the in this melancholy case no ooe is to be
Island on l'hursåa.y, May 19th. The retul'll blamed." The steamer Victoria, L. J.
fare wa.s only eight cent'i. Privat, commenced her regular trips be-
On Lake Simcoe in the season now spoken tween Maitland's wharf, Toronto, and the
of, th" steamer Morning, Captain Charles hotel on the peninsula on June 3rd This
Bell. ran from Bradford Landing to note is appended to her a.dv(;rtisement:
Barrie in connection with the stages running It No connection with any other boat or
from the former place to Toronto. racing. ,.
OCEAN WAVE BURNED. On Friday, June 10th, in the early morn.
One of thIS most melancholy disasters that ing, tht> steamer Admiral met with a simiiar
ever o<:curred on Lake Ontario took place fate as had a. few weeks earlier befallen the
on the morning of April 30th when the Ocea.n'Vave. While lying at the foot of
.teamer Ocean \V ave wa.s destroyed by fire, Browne's wbll.rf, Toronto, she was burnt to
when she WIlS about t\\ enty-three miles west the water's edge; happily no lives were lost.
.f Kin
ston and two from the Ducks. . The cause oi the fire Wil.l suppJsed to be
'The vessel was well provided with both purely a.ccidental.
boa.ts and buckets, but it was found im- The Peerless, Captaiu Dick, whicb "'..
possible to obt.ain the former for the use launched on January 6th, bc

an early in
of the passengers, as the fire in the lrief June to IDlI.ke daily trips to Niagara. and
space ot twenty minutes had consumed the return.
cablll. This clI.shstrophe resulted
in the loss of twenty-eight lIves,
fiheen of these bein:!' members of the crew.
'1'he schooner Emblem, Captain Be yea,
.f Bronte, aud the Georgina, Captain Hen-
d.n<Jn, of Port Dover, rendered the pas-

ANOTHER STl':AMER BTTR1\ED,
On Saturda.y, J uiy 9th, yet another steam-
er tell a victim to fire, the Queen of the
'Vest being entirely destroyed whi e lyinf(
at. hor moorings in Hamilton llay. The
los, of thil fine vesael was looked upon botb

LAXD
L\RKS OF TOHOXTO. 89;)

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896

LANIHIARKS OF TORONTO.

in Eïamilton and Toronto as a public calam- The Peerle8s !:ommenced on June 5th t.('
i\y and much sympathy was felt for Captain make two trips betwee
Toronto and Nia..
.Harrison, who was the lar
est shareholder ga.ra òaily. lea.ving the firøt place at 6 a..m.
in the vessel, losmg. b
sides, everything in and 12:30 p. m.
the shape of wearing apparel and On Lakes Simcoe and Huron the Morning
personal property that he had on board, and Kaloolah ran as m 1852.
The Quet:n w
s insured for otlly $28,000. On June 10th the Highlander, Captain
her value being quite double that sum. McBride. until now on the Cape Vincent
T,. 0 ne\,. steamers to run between Hamil- liue, I "'gan to make daily trips from Hamil-
ton, Toronto and Oswego were commenced ton to Toronto and return. She called at aU
this summer at Niaga.ra.. 'fhey were for the intermediate ports Captain .McBride wa.e
Canll.dian G. 'V.R.. and were t'l be 288 feet a. most obliging man. If any pas!\enger re-
IO)1{!' and the cost of their hulls was to be sidin! OD the lake shore between the Credit
163,000 each. a.nd Oakville was on his vessel. he would
rlying bbtween the Bay of Quinte and always. when opposite their residence. sound
.Montreal, in 1853. was the St. Elmo, a the steam whistle so that II. conveya.nce
.teamer intended mol''=' especially for the might bioi sent by their families to . inee'
frei'tht trade. but ca.rrying a few passengers. them,
Captain Crysler, formerly master of the Among sailing vessels on the lake trading
Prmce of \Ya.les, commanded her.
he also between the 'Yarious ports were the barque
made occasional trips to Cape Vincent and Northerncr, owned by Mebsrs Goode'ham
O
densburgh. & \V orts of Toronto, tho Caroline a.nd the
In A'.l
nst it was announced by the Alert, the two latter s-:hooDers also b
long-
Toronto Daily Colonist tha.t ing to tho same port,
THE FINE, NEW. AND F AST.SAILI
G Tho Britannh, Ran
er, England. George
STEAMER Moffatt and Hibel'nia, with øe'"eral others,
GEORGE MOFFATT OF nU,TIIAJI. formed a liue of freight steamer
plying as
C.A.PT. w. G. P.A.TTO
, heretofore from Montreal to Kin
lton, To-
R AS now commenced runnmA' between I ronto and Hamilton,
Chatha.m ar.rl Montreal.
The George It-lolJ"att wa3 built at Chatham THE FAMOUS ZIMì\I.Ii:R
IAN.
e:x:prt:f'sly for tho Western trade She has larl{c On
Iay 6t,h was launched at Nia.gara the
lI.ud ha.ndsome accommodation for passengers. steamer Zimmerman Captain James Dick.
with safe and ample Rtowage for freight; is '1." ,' I. L l' b O r ' ( ,.,u kl
strong built, and propelled by a powerful ulS !e3Se ,\' as uUI t y lver .I.uac em,
engine. of Chlppðowa, and she was bound *0 complete
'l'he Moffatt will ply re<:!'ula.rl, hetwcen her th dist'lllce between Ki.\<rara. and Toronto
n
ive Port and Montreal, touching at any under two hour.. She r:ceived her Dame
pomt down or upward
whore she may have . Z .
ps.--senr;erø or freight offered f'r to deliver. reo out ot comph'
,ent to
r. Immerman. th

moving thf'reby an impediment to intercourse famous financier and raIlway magnate of the
with the West. heretofore seriously felt. eal"ly"fifti
8," who met Buch a fearful ùea.th
Apply to WILLIAM M. GORRIE. a few years later in the Desjardins CA.nal
Yonge Street Wharf, accident
Toronto. 30th Auguøt. 1853, Mr. Macklem was constructing at the
The steamer Georg,} Moffatt only remain- same time another Bteamer called the CI f,
ed on thia route for a. brief period ton. .>f similar dimemlions 0
he Zimmer-
The navircation opened in 1854 earl!, in man, to run frcJm Nia.gara to Buffalo.
April. There Were several chaoges. The A famou3 trading schuoner, known all tbe
May Flower, tha.I in 1853 belougf'd to the Ac::ommodation, ran trom Toronto to God-
( 'ape Vincent lin", was purchased erich on Lake Huron. Colin Munro wa.
'by Stark, Han & Co,. of Ogdensburgh, to in 1
5t her mas'er.
form in connt'ction with the Boaten, a The folIo
ing is the list of veslela.
freight line between OgdeDsburgh. Toronto with their captains, whicb formed the
and Ha.milton. throuJ!;h frei2;ht line from Hamilton ie
The Highlander and Champion formed a
Iontreal durin' the S8ason of 1854 :-Otta-
daily connection between Toronto and Cape wa, Captain McGrath; Bri
anni
, Ca.ptaill
Vincent. Beatty; EI'i
land, Capta.in Hannah; Hi.
'The \\ elland (2nd), Captain Dor...ldson, bernia, Captain Mowat; Ontario Captain
built at I:;t. Catbarines earl v in 1853. ran Stoker; St. l.awrence, Captain Savage,
from tha.t pOI"' to Toronto -in place of the with the Free Tnder,Lord Elgin and Garts-
Mazeppa., which made a. daily trip from hore, unòer Captains ]\Toore, Bruce and
Toronto to Whitby The 'Yelland was 184 Herò resJ>f'c
ively. In November another
feet long and 22 feet wide, II her speed Was change was made in the route or the Ii igh-
to equal that of any boat on the h
ke" - of lanùer, likewise in her captain. Robert
.ourle J , Kerr IlUcceeding Captain McBciLle.

L

--

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J.
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" J
\ '

\ .......
...
\ .
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,'.'-4

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I

--.-.:

Ii
t

CAPT \I
THO)lAS DICK.

(op. 89G)

!:
:is

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

897

She then made two trips a week from Toronto I On the morning oi Februa.ry 7th, the
to Rochester, calling at all intermediate ports. sten.mer Chief J ustiee, in endea.vo: iug to
The Chief JUlltice and Queen City alao ra.n makE: the Humber harbor, the weathbr being
dudn!! the winter season of 1853 between thick, hazy and snowy, it being impos;;ible
Hamilton and Toronto and vice versa. A 1;0 see a. hundred yards a.head oi the vessel,
deplorable accident occurred on Lake Huron kept too far up the lake and grounded at
on Nonmber 28th to the steamboat Bruce Vall Every's Point, about one hundred and
Mines, on her passage from Goderich to the fifty yards from the shore. The mate
Bruce and Wellington mines. She was immediately left for Toronto to cOll:mlt
totally wrecked off Cape Huron. Dl1ring a Captain Dick. Two days later the 'lorûnto
heavy gale which prevailE:d on the hight of Pat,'iot annO',1nces :-" The steamer Chief
November27th she sprang a leak, which so .Tustice is off and all right and will leave 011
gained on her t.hat on the mornin
of the 28th her regular trips to-morrow at 8:30 80. m.
it was discovered sne was sinking, the captain for Lewiston." The steamers Zimmerman
and crew ha\"in2" barely time to take to the and WeIland went along8ine of her on the
boats and get clear of her before shef(.under- morninK of the 9th, shIfted ber cargo on t"
ed. One man, the carpenter, \VIIS actuaily the \\'eHand, then all three boats b ,ckins;
dragged down by the sinking vessel and off together, the Chief came off at ouce with-
drowned without the possibility of being out any trouble and without !Suffering any
rescued. Both steamer and cargo were a damage.
tota.ll08s, but thev were fully insured. On -'larch 14th the Maple Leaf, Captain
On Decblllber 28th arrived at Queen's Robert Kerr,commenced the seéU!on between
wharf, Toronto, the steamer St. Nicholas Toronto and Rochester.
he left the former
from
t. Catharines, the schooner James port each \\' ednesday and Saturday.
Hunter with damaged wheat from l'
ia
ara, Throughout the season of 1855, the Ell-
and the schooner Defiance with wood fl'om ropa, a new steamer, ran from Hamilton to
the Rame port, This shows to whaú a Lt.te NIagara, and the \Velland, as in the preced-
da'e naviga.tion remained open. ing year. The Peerless and the Zimmerman
GOOD-BYE QUFEN CITY. formed the Toronto and Klagara line.
Un
foud8.Y, January 22. 1855, at 9:30 p. In a great storm which occurred on Lake
m., the steamer Queen City, formerly Lady Ontdri.:> on April 18th, in this yeat', the
of the Lakt', lying a.t
he Queen's wharf, To- schooner Defiance, Captain Cork in, was lost
ronto, was disco\'ercd to b" on fire. She had with all on buard. The steam tug Porcu-
heen emþloyed throughout the winter in pine, on '\lay 19th, was burned to the
making daily journeys trom Toronto to water's edge on the river St. Lawrence,
\Vellington Squar
ana when the fire broke near Prescott, but happily DO livea were
out the \pessel was lying with her head to lost. '
tbe west, ready to start on the followmg The steamers Champion and May Flower
morning. The captain and crew were on formed the Cape Vincent line. The Chief
bJard, but were wholly unable to - arre3t the Justice wa.. commavded by Captain.M ur-
proj?'rel!'s of the fia'l.es. C8.ptain Thomas dock, a new '1lan among the list of cap tams,
Dick cut her away f!"Om the wharf a.nd ihc, and ran, as previously, from 1'oronto to
swinging round its corner, wen' clear of all Hamilton. The Highlander and Maple
the shipping, The Chief Justice 8.nd the Leaf formed the line that ran from Torouto
WeIland, wnich were lying alongside, had to Rochester, ..vd thbre was no change in
rope. attached to the burning vessel ..nd their commanders.
succeeded lD dragging her out into the bay. On July 16th, in connection' with the
Here the Chief and the "'ell..nd kept her in Great Western Railway, the steamers Cana
tow and
l;m:J prevt!nted her driftmg in ..nd da and America, Captains C. E. Willoughby
endll.ngt:rmg thfl IIIafety of the other vessels. and J.
lasson, commenced running da.ily
Half an hou
after the fire originated the between Hamilton, Toronto a.nd Oswego.
Queen lay a belpless trunk upon the wa.ters, These two steamers ha.d both beeu built
aDd at 11 o'clock hardly a particle of her by the railway company.
w01dwork was visible. 'Yhen the Queen first . A three-masted s..iling vei!seJ, called the
c
me upon the lake in 1840 she was con- City of Toronto, was launched at Toronto at
.idered the fasteøt boa.t afloa!. ; at her demise the close of the summer. She was an ocean-
she was looked upon "as the very slowest boat going- vessel and arrived in Liverpool after
OR the lake." The stel\mer \Velland, Cap- a safe 8.n'd prosperous voyag-e on

m Don..ldson, took her place imme- October 4th, 1855. Unhappily, her
dlately. life ""8 8. very brief one, as
Commencing January 8th, 1855, the Chief sbe was lost in the Straits of Belle Isle 00
,JUt.tice began to run for the winter, from August 17th, 1857. Her first. voyage waa
the Queen's wharf Toronto, to Niagara. accomplished in just twenty-four dayg.

89M

LAKD.\JARKS OF TORO:NTO.

On Lake Simcoe,in this year, the :Morning 3:45 o'clock, p.m., for Prescott and Ogdens-
continued to ply under
,he Slime captain. burgh and intermediate ports.
The Kaloolah, O.dord and ,Mazeppa ran The rivp.r steamers connected at Ogdens-
fro'I1 Collin
wood to U.
'en Sound and intcr- burgh with the American Expre;;s Line of
mediate ports. An American steamer, m:IÌl steamers-Cataract, Bay;:;tate, North-
known as the Keystone State, ran in con- trner, and Niagara-connecting at Brockville
nection "ith the Northern Bailway each \\ ith the Grand Trunk Railway, where pas-
Thursday from Collinswood to Chicago. sengers could embark on one of the above-
The Oxiord just mentioned ran a.ground named boats, direct for Ca.pe Vincent, Nia-
in Lake Huron during the autumn and be- gar a Falls, Hamilton and Buffalo.
came a tota,l wreck. They ran through to Toronto in 20 hours,
Du:"ing the winter of 1855 a.nd '56 there an l to Niagara Falls and Hamilton in 24
was. as usual, iittl
movement of any vessels, hours.
either steam or sailing. on thc lakes, U pOll Also connected at Ogdensburgh with the
the re-opening of the harbors in 1856, the United States mail line of steamers-On-
fol1nwing steamers began to ply ;-The tario, Cataract and Niagara-for Alexandria
Peerless. between Toronto and Hamilton; Bay, Clay IOn, Kingston, Sackett's Harbor,
the Chief JUi!hce, between Toronto a.nd Oswego, Rochester and Lewiston.
Presqu' Isle; the Mayflower and Champion, I These Jines of steamers connected at N ia-
between Toronto anlÍ Cape Vincent; the gara and Lewiston with the Eri
& Ontario
steamers Canalla and Ameriea, f!"Om Hamil- Railroad, Lewiston & Buffaìo l{ail1'oad.
ton, forming a separate line for both freight Great \\' estern Railway,
IichL:all Central
and passengers between that city,Cape Vin- Railroad, l\lichigan Southf'rn Ra.ilroad, and
cent, BrockviHe and Ogdellsburgh. Lake Shore Ra.il road , and steamers from
] here was also the Buffalo-for all ports west.
A;\IERICAS !\fAIL LI
E, Passengers had the pciviIege of stopping
consi!;tiug of the Cataract, Bay State, over at Niagara Falls or any other place of
Northern ami Niagara Their route was interes
on the route.
from Niagara to Toronto,Rochester, O,;\vego I The Europa plied between Toronto and
a.nd Ogdensburgh. Oswego, and the Boston formed a. through

-

1':-
" "';/,
. --:'
E'

. ---'L- .
.. ,;
, J':

"t..
.:;

THE STE,n!ER EGRfPA.
Besides thE'se lines there was in a.ùdition freight and passage line between Montreal,
the American Express Line of river steam- Kingston, Torontu and HarlliIton; cal:ing at
ers, described 11.& being from Montrea', "the Cobourg, Port Hope, and other Korth Shore
shor
st and quickt!ltt route to all w
stern ports Captain J ame! Gibson was in CODl-
ports, Niagara Fall!, and Buffalo,''' mand. and John Macpherson & Co" Co. 11.1
This line comprised the first-class river \Vhari, ;\Iontreal, "ere agents.
steamers Jenny Lind, l/a.pt, L. Moody; Between Monu'eal, Kingston. Belleville
ì\lontreal, Ca.pt. J. Laflan.mp.; British aud River Trent the steamer St. Helen, C,
Queen, Cap!;, A. Cameron. B. Crysler, master, left i\lontreal every
One of the above river stE'amE'rs left Mon- Thursday at 2 p.m. The agent was J, A.
treal (Sundays excepted), at 12 o'clock, noon, Glassford, \V atso11's Buildings, Canal
from the Canal Basin, and Lachine on the Pasin.
arrival of the cars which left :\lontreai at Other freight steamerl between Hamil-

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

899

ton, Toronto and Montreal were the I City and the schooner Roya.l Tar, which
Ranger, lJawn, Protectiun a.nd Oshawa, were impeding the na.vigation of Toronto
belonging to H, & I. Jones,
f Mon- harbor It was signed by Hugh Richardson,
keaL Besides these, there were th
I harbor ma.3ter, of Toronto. The schooner
\V cstern Miller, Scctland, George Moffatt I haà been wrecked in the early pa.rt of the
a.nd Colonist, of Holcomb & Henderson's year.
Line, also of Montreal, and the Free Trader, March 12th, 18;}7, is a. date !ong and sadly
Hibernia, Lord Elgin and .Pre3cott of the remembered Ly many iamilies throughout
same pla.cE', the property of Hl)oker, C:l.nada, as there occurred on that day the
Jacques & Co. There were, in 1a.mentabìe railway accident Ly \\'hich so
addition, the Huron and Bowmanvil\e many people lost their liyes at the Desjar-
on the same route. Between Toronto, dins Canal, near Hamilton. It would b.
Kingston and Montreal were also the City forcign to the scope of this narrative to
of Hamilton, Kentucky and 'Yilly Nickol, I more than refer to this sa.d event, as the
of \\ ilson Brown'ti Line. All these vessels rai!ways of the province are only indirectly
were principally freight steamers, but if connected with its marine, but it may be
they could obtain pa8sengers they were quite ' I mentioned that two prominent owner3 of lake
willing to carry them. vessels perished and an:>ther well-known
In addition to these vessels Jones & Co., I owner narrowly escaped with his life. Those
of Montl'eal, ran from that port to King- who were killed were Mr. Samuel Zimmer-
ston, Picton, Belleville F.nd Trenton The man, of Niagara Falls, after whom one of
new upper cabin steamer Trenton, Captain I the best known stenmers on Ontario w80s
DeWitt, left the Canal wharf for the above called. The second was Captain Sutherland,
and intermedhte ports each Tuesday at one whose name has so many times been men-
o'clC'ck, :N. M. Bockus, of the C
\nal wharf, tioned in connection with the various ves-
W!\s the agent. sels. Captain Sutherland was bnried a'
The person just named was also the agent Hamilton on March 16th, and Mr. Zimmer-
for that steamer which had such a very man at Nia,gara on the sa-me date.
short life on the lakes, namely, the
J onarch. Another victim was Ed ward Duffield,

he Ian from Montreal to Kin
ston, To- who had been for some time an officer on
ronto, Ha.milton and NOi"th Shore ports, board the Europa. The late Mr. Thomas
bcing described as .. the new and powerful C Street was th
prominent ship-owner
st.ea.mer !\lonarch," undet" Captain A. Sin- who, though injured, was happily pre-
clair. She left the Canal wharf for the served. He was a near relative of t.he
above ports on Thursdays at six o'clock, .\J aCldem h.mily, of Chippewa, likø. himself
Jom's & Co. occasionally ran a freight exten,ively interested in the shipping of the
steamer direct from
\] ontreal to Chicago. lakes.
They thus advertise one of these ventures On
1ay 22nd, 1857, the Toronto Colonz.st
on ::5eptember 12th :-" Steamer for
hi. writes :-" Buffalo harbor is still entirely
eago,
alling at ports on the W elland Canal, closed with ice, an:l not likely to be cleared
Port Stanley, Amhet'stburg, \Yindsor, De- for several daytl."
troit, and Port 8arnia. Ihe new low-pres, With the opening of the season in ]857
sure propeller \"hitby, Lepine, ma!ter. will the steamers Passport, Captain Harbo tie;
leave the Canal basin for the ab:>ve ports, Banshee, Captain Howard; Champion,
on or about Thursday, the 18th inst., at six Captain Sinclair; and New Era as a spare
o'clock. For freIght or passage apply to boat,formeJ the throu
h line between Hamil-
H. Jones & Co., 'Vellington street." ton, Toronto and
lontreal. The Peerless
Two large schooners each of 400 tons and Zimmerman were aga.in upon thcir old
burthen, were built anå launched this year route. '.fhe ". elland also resumed her jour-
at Ottawa, They were called the Alliance neys as in 1856, while the
laple Leaf and
aDd Joshua Bea.rd, and wertJ intended to be ' I Highlander were on the lake from Toron
o
used as colliers, to Rochester and intermediate ports.
A new stec:.mer called the The steamers New York and Northerner
JUNU OJ!' ALGIERS plied from Lewiston to Toronto, thence to
was launched at Toronto on April 17th. Cape Vincent, calling at Port Hope and
She w
s the property of !\Ir McCord, of C bourg, and from there to Brock\'ille and
that CIty, Het" length wa.s 131 feet over a\!. Ogdensb;1rgh. Another line between 1'0-
and her breadth nea.rly 30 feet. She was in- ronto, Rochester, Oswego and O
den8burgh
tended for use as a. tow,boat. consisted of the Bay State, Niagara, On-
An advertisement, dated
1a.y 12, appeared tario and Cataract. A small vessel called
in the Toronto and Kingston pd.pers in the thc Rochester mad. daily trips from Kiug-
same month, inviting tenders for the re- ston to Capa Vincent. a.nd vice vena.
moval of the wrecks of the steaUler Queen The Kaloolah ma.de her usual trips

LAND
IA RKS OF TORONTO.

90)

throughout the season to the Sault Ste.
Marie, but even then it was a very long and
tedious journey from Toron to to the .. Soo. .,
011 Lake Simcoe the J, C. Morrison made
daily trips. The. freight steamen. from
:Montreal to Toronto and Hamilton were
greatly augmenteà. These wer
divided
into three lines, exclusive of lieveral inde-
pendent lines. Hooker, Jacques & Co.'s
boat!! were the \Vf>llin
ton, Avon, Ottawa,
Free Trader, Englan I.
t. Lawrence, Hiber-
nia and Prescott.
Their steamers ran with more or less
revularity from Montre..l to Prescott, Kings-
ton, N o:th Shore ports, Toronto and Hamil-
ton.
They also had what they described 80'1
.. Hoo.,er, Jaques & Co'
through line of
steamers for Lake Erie, Windeor and Chat.
ham." ì'helle steamers left on Saturdays at
six p. m., cailing at St. Catharines, ports on
\YeUand Canal, Port Dover, Port Burwell
and Port Stanley.
Jone!!, Black & Co's. vessels were the
'YhItby, Oshawa, Ra.nger, Protection and
Dawn
Their steamers ran to Brockville, King-
ston, North
hore ports, Toronto and
Hamilton. They also in this yea.r as in the
prt!vious one occasional1y ran a steamer for
Chicago, calling at St. Catharines, Thorold'
Port Colborne, Port Dover, Port Burwell,
Port Stanley, Amherstburg, \Vindsor, Port
Sarnia. and at Goderich if sufficient freight
offered.
lienderson & Holcomb owned the Georgo
Moffatt, Reindeer, Colonist, Hrantford,
\Vest!rn Miller, Britannia, ::;cotlal1d and
Huron.
They designated theirs as a .. through
line" to Prescott, Kingstt)n, No.rth Shore
ports, Toronto and Hamilton. and adver-
tise.. that they had most superior accom-
modation for passengers.
Another of this firm's so-calle 1 .. throuO'h
lines'o was to Windsor,.A mherstburg a
d
Detroit, calling at Port Stanley, Port Dover,
Port Burwell, and ports on the \Velland
Can al; and taking freight for Cha.tham,
Sarnia and Goderich.
Of steamers belonging to independent
owners, and who were 110 law unto them-
selves, were the Bowmanville, Captain
Perry; the Malll.koff, Captain T.1te; the
Inkerman, Captain Mackintosh: and the
Oliver Cromwell, ClIoptain Kidd.
On April 4th the Toronto papers an-
nounced the death II.t :Kiagara on the day
prc\Tious of Captain Colcleugh, late com-
manding the Arabia.n. He was in his 50th
ye3.r, anù had made many friends all through
tilC nrovince.
The vessels of the through line between

Hamilton and Montreal connected through-
out the season of 18,j;- at Cobourg- with the
Maple Leaf for Roche3ter, and itt Kingston
with the Bay of Quinte steamers, a.nd with
the Rochester. already mentioned as run-
ning to Cape Vincent.
A re;ratta was held in Toronto harbor on
Queen's Birthday, !\lay 24th. The events
annouoced were a. yacht race for the
Queen's cup, valued w at :1:15 currency,
or $60, and two rowing matches. For
the Queen's cup five yachts entered-
the Queen, Oaprey, Wave, Cy"net,
and Rivet. After a spirited contest, in
whicn some handsome sailing was shown,
the race was won by the \\" ave, she coming
in in gall.nt style three minutes ahead of
all her competitors, Severa entries
atl
bet:n ma.de for the rowin
matches, but at
the time II.ppointed there were but one or
two appearances, consequently, grea.tly to
the disappointment of the public, no race
took place.
A DEP LORABLE EVENT.
On May 29th the boiler oÏ the propeller
Inkerman, of Kingston, exploded while
that vessel wa.s hacking out from Up-
ton & Brown's wharf, 'Ioronto, Her
entire crew were eitlJer killed iust.:J.ntly
or dreadfullv wounded. Th9re was
but one passeiígel' ()n board, a. young lady
named Eliza M
GilI ; she too, WII.S dreadfully
inj ured. After the explosion the only por-
tiOll of the Inkerman presenting anything
like Its original appearance was that part
lyiug fonvard from the office where the
books and papers of the ,-essel were kept, to
her bow, a distan
e of some twenty feet.
The \'esgel was, in fact, an absolute wrecv
and only a sma.ll portion of the cargo WII.S
ever recovered.
Yet another fearful di,aater occurred on
the St. Lawrence river at a point called
Carvugo when the Montreal steamer, with
over 400 passengers, was burnt to the water'6
edS!e and about 200 of those on board, chief-
ly Scotch emigrants, were drowneù,
'1 he Free Trader propeller, belouging to
Hooker & Co" of Montreal, wa!! .lso wreck.
ed at about the same time.
The sttl'3.mer J. C. .M orrison, plying on
Lake Simcoe, W&II totany des royed by fire
6.t Bell Ewart, on August 5th. Nothing
was saved except the c.1sh box and some ac-
count books.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

901

CHAPTER CCXLV. H GILDER."LEEVE. Capt. Bowen
THE ROYAL MAIL LINE-1840 TO 57. From Kingston at 9 o.clock morning-
_ Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.
110\"- the ComlÞUuy \vn.. Forlllt'fl and w
ere }'r
m Dit:killson's Lall(
ing at 4 o'clock
-
o'nbh. SI'.;'lIIcr.. ;u,d Ibdr t.:aptalu8- I m')rnlTlg, (nr on the ann.al of the mall
\tell Remembered OtUc1u.... I from .Montreal)-\Yednesday, Friday and
In 1840 a joint stocK company was formed I Sunday.
a.t Niagara. called the Nia!!ara
arbour
Il<:l From arrangements which have bee"\
Dock COllipany, and under theIr auspices made with the Upper Ca.nada
tage and
6everal lle
vessels were built" out of which I Steamboat Company of Montreal, passen-
was formeù the .. Royal Mail Line of gers between )lontreal and Kingston arrive
Steamers" These began to run as boon as at thoøe places on the afternoon of the
navigation opened in the following. }-ear, second day.
b-:ing widely ad vertiseo under the headmg ;- 'I he a.bove boats call at Gana.noq Uii, Brock.
ROY AL .MAIL
TEAMEI{S, ville, Maitland, Prescott, O!!densburgh. Ma-
LAKE ONTARIO ASD RIVER ST. LA WRI!:
CE. tilda !Iond 'Villi ,msburgh each way.
, , .. h f II ßagaage and parcels at the risk of the
'J !le pl1:.bc are mformell th;t th_e 0 ow- owner'" unless booked and settled for u
10WlllJ{ are the arrallgements or t IS season; freight,
LAKE ONTARIO, Lake and River Steamboat Office, }
, :B
TWEEN
O
WS;X:ON AND T?RONTO_ Kingston, 1st )lay, 18..1.
St. (,'eorge, l apt. 1 wohy ; Niagara, Capt. Of tl t th
t G h ft
1 ' , f T t C D. k lese s eamers e CJ eorge as 0 en
Suther ana; l Hy 0 oron 0, apt. IC '. b 'en mentioned and fullv described, The
FR,?l\I,KINGSTON. . Niae-ara belonged to th{:" Honorable John
At balf-past I 0 clock evemng, Sunday H -It ....} b -It t:N' d
a'1d 1 hur!day, the St. George. - amI o..n
- Ie was Ul a Iag
ra a

At 8 o'clock evemng Tuesdav and Friday was of_
I;) tons bu;.then. On her tnal_ trIp
I 1\.-- '- , from Niagara. to Kmgston she accompbshed
t \e .l"tIa
a.ra. h d ' . 16 h k bl b' h
At 8 -, 1 k . \V 1 d nd Sat t e lstance lD ours, a remar a y l

o C o
.. evem?,g, el nes ay a , - \ ra.te of speed.
urday, the City of .toronto, anù arrive at
'J oronto early next day, The a.bove steameis THE CITY OF TORONTO
await the arrivaL of the Montreal mail at I was built at the same place, and was of some-
Kingston. what large:" dimew.ions than the former vea-
FROM TORONTO. øel, having 500 tons burthen
At 12 o'clock noon,
l()nùay and Thurøda.y, I :For the season of 1842 another new steamer
the
iagara_ I of 500 tons, also built at Niagara, named
At 12 o'c1oc!
noon, Tuesday and :Friday, the Princess RO\'al. supplanted the St.
the City of Toronto. George, C'aptain Colc]eugh being in charge.
At 12 o'clock nOOD, 'Vednesday a.nd Sat- On the Kiagara C..ptain Elmsley displac

urday, the St. George, and arrive at Kinge- Captain Sutherland, and thi! City of To-
ton early next morning. The ahove boats ronto was commanded as for"muly. There
call at Cobourg aud Port Hope eacb. way. were no other changes, and the st
amel"B
And the City of Toronto will leave Tor- ran as in 18'il, connecting with the Brock-
onto for Niagara anù Lewiston every )10n- viIIe and Gildersleeve at Kingston for
day morning at 8 o'clock, and return to Dickinson'. Landmg.
Toronto m the afternoon. In 1813 the ;\ iagara had become the
RIVER ST. LAWREXCE. Soycreign, remaining under her former Cllp
Between King"ton a.nd Dickinson"s Land- tain, and there were no other alterativns,
inl". excepting tha.t the stea.mers connected at
BROCKYlLLE, Capt. "axweU. Kingston for the first time with vessels run-
From Kiu!!ston at 9 o'clack morning '- Iling direct to Montrea.l. Their ad vertise-
Sunday, Wednesday and Friday_ mellt ran thus
-
From Dickinson's Landi"1! at 4 o'cJoc:..
morning, (or 011 the arrival of the ma.il
from Montreal)-l ue8day. Thursday and
t;atur,lay. CHARLOTTE AND :BYTOWN,
n GILDERSLEEVE. Capt Rowpo. 'ViII leave Kingston for Montrea.l, des-
From Kil1g
ton at 9 o"clock morning- I cellding aU the Rapids of the St, La.wrence ;
Tuesday, 'Ihursday a.Dd S!l.turday. and )Iontre:il for Kingston, calling at aU
From Dickmson"1I La.nding at 4 o'cJock I the intermediate ports.
moruing, (or on the arriva.l of the maJl from These boats being st.rongly built, expressly
)iontreal)- Wednesday, }'rida.y and Hun- for t.he uaviL:'ation of the l{iv
r ::it. Lawrence,
day. and having low-pressure cll
ines. afford a de-

MONTREAL DIRECT.
The New Lo w' Prestmre E,tcam bo..ts,

002

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

8Írable conveyance to perscns wishing a These continued to ply in 1848, and in
aa.fe, comfortable and speedy }Jassa,
e. conuection wi
h them, between Montrca.l and
; pply to the captains on board, or to Kin
ston. were the Passport, HLhb,nder,
,MACPHERSON & CRANE. Canaùa.. (2nd) and Henry Gildersleeve, com-
Kingston, July 4th, 1843. manded by ClI.ptams Bowen, St(jams, Law-
In the next year, 1844, the Hoyal Mail less and Maxw<Jll respectively.
Steamers recommenced their trips carly in Next year, under the heading" Telegraph
May, ;;here being no alterations whatcvel' l Line, :Fares Reåuced, " the steamers of the
between Toronto and Kingston, eith
r in the Royall.\1ail LilJe are thus aùvertised for the
Tessels or their commanders, but a third I season :-
IIte&.mer, known as tbe Caledonia, was added DAILY LIKE OF OPPOSITION STEAMERS,
to those runnin2 between Kingston and From Kingston to 1\lontrea1.
Montreal. I'hree of theRe steamers also The fast-sailing steamers Fashion, Captain
began to run in 1844 between KingstoD and 'VeIls; Lord Elgin, Capt. Farlinger,
Cote8ou du Lac, namely, the Highlander, In connection with the Royal :\lail Steam-
Capta.in Stearns; tbe Canada, (2nd) Cap- ers Sovereign and Princess Royal,. l
ave
tai8 La.wless, and the Gildersleeve, Ca}Jtain Kingston every morning (Mondays excepted)
Howen. The lattu the year Pleviously had for Montreal, at a qual.ter past six o'clock,
run with the Brockville from Kin ston t8 and go through same day.
Dickinson's Landing. The Canada above Passengørs by this line will arrive at Mon-
mentioned ,,-a.s a large vessel of 450 tons treal in thirty, two hours from Toronto.
bur,hen, buiit at Prescott. Her ma:oter, I The steamers Sovereign and Princess
Captain Lawless, had previously been in Royal leave Toronto for Kingston every
command of the Kingston. day (Sundays excepted) at twelve o'ckck
The Hi
hlander, bmlt at Coteau du Lac noon.
ín 1841 or-1842, was a very much smaller Cabin passage-Toronto to Montreal,(meals
'reSle!. Captain Stearns, who commanded included,) f:l 0 o.
her, was her first master. Deck passage-Toronto to Montreal, (with,
There was a.lso a forwarding line of ou t meals,) ;to 5 O.
lJteamers between Kingston and Mon- Royal Mail Office, }
treal, con8istin
of the Fo.vorite, Bri- Toronto, June 26th, 1849.
iannia aud Rob R ,y, under Captains The river s
ea.mers were the same aa in
Jones, Maxwell and DickiDJon respectinly. 1848.
On July 1st the t{oyal Mail Liue reduced In 1850 there were again changes in the
their fares in consequence of the opposition R, M. line, it comlÏsting once more of
they experienced from the Frontelllloc, (2nd) three .tea01e1"[' from Toronto to Kingston,
Captain Ives. Cabin wo\s
3, deck $1 50 namely, the PrinceiJs RoVal under her for-
on the latter; whereupon themaii steamers mer ca.ptain, the Magnet, Capt:loill JiAmes
made their fares $2 and 50 cents for each Sut.herland, and the City of Toronto, also
class respectively. The original fares had under her old master. For a very short
been $3 50 and $1 50. time in
he hegiuning of the season the
The next season, 1845, saw a
ood many Sovereign, Captain Neil Wilkinson, formed
changes in the Royal 1\lall Line, CapLains one of the line to Kmgston. This was while
W. and Henry Twohy superseding Captains the City of Toronto was e01pJoyed elsewhere.
Elmsley and Colc1eugh on the Sorereign and In 1851 the Passport dispÎaced the So v-
Princess P-oyal respectiyely. ereign, Captain Henry Twohy bein
in
In 1846 there was no change in the ves- command of her, there bcing no chan
e in
selll comprising tIle mail line between To- the other stQamers.
ronto and Kin
ston. 1.'hey remained as In 1852, though there were fe IV chang-es
they were the Sea&OD previously, and the on the lake steamers, the ve8sels inåeed with
changes in the steamers connecting with their cummanders remaining the same, there
..hem at Toronto and Kingston wt:re very were many minor alterations 'The arrange-
lI1ight. ments for the :;e8oson were as follows :-
Runnin rr in connf'ction with the R. M. LAKE ON I'ARIO,
lltellomers betwe.n Toronto and Niagara, as The atea-mer Magnet, Ca.ptain J. Suther-
weil as between the form.r port and Hamil- land.

n, were the steam 'rs Chief Justice Robin- The steÁmer Princess Royal, Captain J.
80n and Eclipse, and excellent accommoda- Dick.
t.i..n thev affordød tbe public The
The following year, 18t7, the same
lñeamers were employeù in the Royal Mail
llervice as in 1846, but the new steamer MaC'-
:net W&8 added to the list.

steamer PaB8port, Captain H. Twohy.
DOWNW ARDS,
Magnet-, On )londays and Thursdays,
leaYing damilton at 7! a.m., and Toronto at
a} to 1 D. m.. for Kin!!ston.

LAND)IARKS OF TORONTO.

903

Princess Royal-On Tuesdays and Fri- j daily, leaving every week day at noon, a.nd
days from loronto to Kingston, at a! to on Saturdays ..t lOk o'clock, arriving a.
1 p. m. Kingston at 2 p, m. the next day.
Passport-On \\Tednesdays and Saturdays, I Dow
wARos-From Kingston to
lon.
from 'I orol1to to Kingston, at a ! to 1 p.m., treal, daily, a.t 5i a m., arriving at Man-
arrivin
at Kingston next morning, in time tl"eal the same eyening.
for the river mail boat, "hich reaches
Jon- Calling at Coteau du Lac, Cornwall, Dick.
treal ellrly same evening. inson"s Landing, Ea.st Williamsburg, Wes..
C.1.l1in
o.t intermediate port
, (weather Williamsburg. .\latilùa, Prescott, .Maitland,
permitting.) Brock ville and Gananoque.
UPW ARDS. Knyal Mail Ste 1m Packet Office, }
Passport-On Mon(

s and Thursdays" I!'ront street, Toronto,
Iay, 18,')2.
from Kingston to Toronto anù Hamilton,' .Many as were the alteratioI1s in 'he
at 3 p. ßl., on the arri val oÌ the river boat, smaller details of the R. M. Line in 1852,
arriving at Toronto early next morning, they were small as compared with those
and leave there for Hamilton at 8 a. m., anù effected in 1853.
return from Hamilton to Toronto at 3 p.m. This 8ea"lOn saw four stt'amers on the
on Tuesdays and Frl<1ays. lake, and. also iour on the rLver, instead of
Magm:t-On Tuesdays and Fridays, from three, as in the preceding season. Those on
Kingston to Toronto and Hamilton at 3 the former waters were the Arabian, Cap-
pm, on the arrival of thl" river I oat, ar tain Colcleugh; the Maple Leaf, Captain
riving at Toronto e:.>.rly next morning. and 1 1 Jp,mes Dick; the Ma
net aod l'assport, com-
leave t.here for Hamilton at 8 &. m. manlled as in 1852.

"J

THE STEA
IER ARABTAN.
Princess Roya.l-On Wedncs.Iays and I Of the river steamers connecting wit&.
Saturdays, frolll Kingston to Toronto and them at Kingston, the Ne,y Era. was added
Hamilton, at 3 p.m., on the arrival oi the to the three already upon "he route from
riyer boat, arriYing at Toronto early next there to MontreaL
murning ; and leave there for Hamilton at 8 The next season, that; of 18;'4, saw chan!:'es
a.m., and return from Hamilton to roronto again, the R. 1\1. Lioe once more consisting
at 3 p. m" on Mondays and Thursdays. of but three steamers, .heir route being di-
RIVER ST, LAWRENCE. rect from Hamilton to Kingston.
The atea.mer Ottawa, Captain Putna.m. The three steamera were the Magnet,
The steamer Lord Elgin, Captain Far- Arabian and Passport, the two former I!Itill
linger. under their old commanders, while the bst
Thestea.merSt. T,a'Hence,Caplain Howard. , wall under Captain Harbottle, in place of
UPwARoo-i'rom .Montreal to Kin
ston Captain T"ohy, the former remaininl

90-1

LA
DMARKS OF TORONTO.

in command of her for ma.ny subsequent :\lagnet (il"On), Captain Twohy-built ex-
Year<i. pressly for lake allJ river navigation, com-
o That is now (1893) thirty-nine years u
o, modious, staunch, and well found with every
and Captain Harbottle in a. green old age, requirement for safety, and fitted and fur-
is stilllivin
, while one of his sond, like his nished with every modern convenience and
father I efore him, \t'orthily to himself
nd comfort.
with credit to h B princip"ls, comma.nds a One of these steamers left the canal basin,
iake steamer. Montreal, every duy (except Sundays) a.t 9
No chan
es occurred in the vessels or a, m., and Lachine on the
rrÍ\'o.l of the noon
their cap
ains in the season of 1855, but in train.from MOl1tre:al, for Hamilton and in-
1856 there were very many. termediate ports, direct, without tral1ship-
The boats ran through from ment, connecting as follows :-At Hamilton,
HAMIT.TON TO PRESCOTT with the Great \Vestern Railway for Lon-
direct, and there were four packets a.s there don, Chatham, \\' indsor, Detroit, Chicago,
were in 18':;3. Galena, St. 1 au 1, Milwaukee: etc.; a.t To.
It was described as the quickest and most ronto, with the Northern Railroad for
direct route from Hamilton to Toronto, Oar, Mackinaw, Green Bay. and all ports on
lington, Port Hope, Cobourg, Kingston and I Lake MiChigan; at Niagara, wi
h the Erie
:Montreal. I & Ontario Railroad for Niagara Falls, Buf,
The folIo\ying were the arrangements of I falo, Cleveland, Toledo, Columbus, Cincin,
t.his line for the season :-1'he River Line, I n&.ti, etc.
composed oi the Banshee, Capt, Howard; To famiiies movin
west the advantages
New Era, Capt. P. G. Chrysler; St. Law- were unequalled, the steamerH running
renee, Capt. ,Maxwell; Ottawa, Capt. Kel. through without transhipment {
ir{ ct to the
ley, left the canal ba8in, :Montreal, daily, at I railway depotR a.t Toronto and Hamilton.
nine o'clock a.m., and Lachine on thea.rrival The Royal l\Iail Line had now lost itl
flf the twelve o'cIoch. (noon) train from Mon- distinctive character, the bulk of the mails
treaJ (except SundaY8, when they left on the being at this t.ime carried by the railways,
arrival of ,he nine o'clock train), calling at but it is impossible to conclude this descrip-
all intermediate ports, a.rriving in Kingston tion of the line without a. brief reference
early on the following day, where they met to some of ita leadÏJJg officials and ship
th
LAke Ontario !'\tea
ers Kingston, Capt. owners,
.H amilton ; Paøsport, Capt. Harbottle; Among the former no one claims, and
Arabian, Capt. Sclater; Magnet, Capli. claims more worthily, a place, than the

r1'Vohy. for Cobourg, Port Hope, Toronto
ECRETARY AND TREASURER
and Hamilton, connecting at Hamilton with for no Jess than fourteen years-Mr. G. B.
th. Great \V"stern Railway for London, Holland.
Chatham, \\ïndsor, Detroit, Chicago, :\'lil- Mr. Geo. B. Holland w&s born at Montreal
lVilukee, and all ports on Lake I\lichigan; on the 8th of March, 1816, and was the
and at Lewistou for Niagara Falls, Buffalo, oldest representa.tiye of the HoIl"nd family
and all ports on Lake Erie. Passengers who settled in the city of Ii ull, Y ork8hlre,
taking the evening tr. in of the Grand Trunk England, some time durinl!' the sixteenth
Rail" ay. met the steamers at Coteall Land- century. His father, )It-. Ra.lph B. Holland,
iug, thereby avoiding hotel expenses at was bem in Hull, Yorkshire, in 1764, and
Broch"ille. The lake steamers also
n- his mother, Miss Reylanc(\, a. de
celld..nt of
nected at Hrockville with the morning ex- the De Prendergast famiìy, was born at
press train, a.nd was the only direct, line for Clûnmel, County Tipperary, Ireland, in 1780.
Kingston, Cobourg-, Port Hope, Dadillgton, Many of
Ir. Holland's ancestors were en-
,md Toronto. To tourists thi8 line afforded ga.ged in shif ping and some held high ra.nk
a. most comfortable, pleasant and (>xpeditious in the Royal Navy. The father of Mr. Hol.
conveyance. the steamers being fitted up land was brought up to no profession, hay-
with degantly furnished saloons and state ing on his comin2 oi a
e ample
"oom!i!, passing through the beautiful scenery means. He was, however, induced to
.f the Lake of the Thousand Islø.nds and all engage in speculation and lost
,he rapiùs of the St. Lawrence by daylight. thereby most of his fortune. Through
he
In 1857 there were yet more changes, the influence of his friend, Col. O'Neil, of the
tine being advertised as being" the only 14th Light Dragoons, he obtainee! a super-
line withgut transhipment," and being mau'3 numerary official position in the same regi-
lip of the following first-class ste....menl, ment, with rank and pay of major, and saw
Ti, : -Kin
!!Iton (iron), Captain Kelly; Ban- serViCe in Ireland during the disturbed state
shee, Capta.in Howard; Passport (iron), of the country after the reh(jUioll of 1798..
Captain Harbottle; New Era, Captain On the brea.king out of the war of 1812 with
Mu:wull; Champion, Captain Sinclair; the Unitell Sta.tes, )lr. Holland, senior, ex.

....

GEORGE BURTON HOLLA
D
Formerly Secretary Royal :Mail Line of Steamers.
See pp. 905, 90;

op, 9O!

LANDYARKSOFTORO
T

905

changed mto the 19th Light Dragoons, against any innovation of established rules
which reaiment was under orùers f,r Can. of all su.iling craits, and had a most;
ada. Tl;;' headquarters of this regim
nt thorough contempt of !Iteam as a means of
were stationed at .\Jontreal. On peace being propelling power,- which he said was a hum-
proclaimed he left the service anà settled bUf{, .. a. delusion and a snare." Mr.
there in 1820. He then, with his f8mily, Bethune was at the time Capt. Gordon made
went to the U l1ited States. J n ) 82
he re- his appearance in Toronto 1 uilding at
turned to Canada a.nd lïook ill at Port Niagara. the stE:amer Admiral, and ar-
Hope and died at hIS son-in-law's house, the rangements were made that Gordon should
late Dr. Hutchison. The family then settled command her. In fitting it out he had
in York. t:ow Toronto. ,Mr Gao. B. Hol- the steamer rigged as much like a sea-goin

land, the subject of this notIce, was educated sd.ilin't craft as possible, two masts, large
at Peterboro, Ont., under the late Rev. main and foresail, foretopsail, square sail,
Samuel _\rmour, rector of Cavan, with the jib and flying jib, and a four-pound car-
view of following the profession of medicine. ronade mounted on the bow. -.rhe vessel
On the breaking out of the
lackenzie re- was painted black, with a. narrow streak
bellion in 183ï, Mr. Holland went to 1'0- of white !Ioround above her guards. All
ronto and joined the First Incorpora.teù the Royal Mail steamers on the lake when
Dr:' goons, and was about three years in built were rigged in t;he same way. l'he
that
ervice a.s Acting Quarter-
] aster. : City <>f Toronto and Princess had three
In 1841 he was appointed purseroftheRoyal1 masts, but after a time this rigging was
:Mail Steamer Sovereign, under command, I found in the way and caused accidents, so
first, of Cap
ain Sutherland, and then of the. they were changed, and reduced to only one
Honorab'e ('aptain Elnu,ley. ! mast and jib, and soon Gordon had the mor-
In 1843 he was appointed secretary and I tification of seeing his ta\'oIÍte riggin

trea.surer of the Mzul Line owned by removed. He said "the owners were a
Donald Bethune, Andrew Heron and! Bet of lubbers, for what did they know abon'
Captain Tñomas Dick, all now deceasefl. : it, and who ever heard of . ship withouli
In 1857 he embarked m the hardware busi- I maste!" Capt. Gordon was one of the
ness. 1 n 1866 Mr. Holland wall appointeù finest and best hearted men possible, and
superintendent of the London and Lanca- : a great favorite with the travellin!Z public.
shire Insurance Company and the Phænix I He had always a funny story to relat..
Lite of Hartford, and In 1870 lecame He was 'Tery partial to his cabin waiter, a.
manag03r of the On;ario Branch Agency of colored man, known as Harney, well s.d-
the Equitable Life. In 1880 he assumed vancecl III years and most faithful U.
the management of the Unicn Mutual Life I trusted him with the key of the locker.
of Portland, )laine, and in 1884 wa.s as- and when he asked his j riends into the
sistant manager of the Etna Life. In cabin, to taste some particula.rly fine bran-
September, 1887, he took the responliible dy, Harney always attended to their wants.
post of special agent to the Canada Life One day he toM Harney to bring on some
of Toronto, and held the same position until biscuits, a morsel of old cheese, and "the
his death in 18f59. trimmings." The captain looked at the
Mr. Holland married in 1843
liss Cowan, bottle. and said "Harney, how's this!
only dd.nghterof
he late Alex. Conan, senr., " \\'here is the brandy I left yesterday!
of Pi1õtsburgh. County of Fron enac, Ont.. Who has been drinking it!" Old Harney
grand-niece of the late l apt David, of I qUIetly replieù, "I don t know, Sar, 'spt'ct
the Royal Na.vy. .Mr. and
lr8. Holland had it must 1-e either you or me.' The Captain
.ix daughters and three sons born to them. i then said: .. Look here, you old black ras-
The eldest and youngest of the latter died. I cal, I don't want your a:;&Ïstance in drink-
CAPTAIX WILLIAM GoRDON. : ing my own brandy, and if this occurs again
Of he captains and other officers who; I will stop your f{rog, so now take a horn,
ilailed on the steamers of the R. M. Line, or and put the rest away." .. Thank you,
on those directly connected with them, the Captain," said Harney, .. I won't take no
following reminiscenC!l}B may eossibly be read more till you give me leave." Poor Capt.
with interest :- ' GorrloIl! During the cholera of 1849 both
There were in the fleet several old salts, I 1 e and his excellent wife were carried off.
originals in their wa.y, brought up as regu- In appearance he was a fine-looking man,
lar sea.men, hayin
navigated nearly all about six feet in height, well built, per-
quarter! of the globe in sailing vessels. haps rather too cOl'pulent. He was every
One in part-icular, Capt. \V m. Gordon, a inch a. sailor, and in listening to hIS YlI.roa
brother-in-law of Capt. Thos. Dick, was a one would be reminded of that splendid
noted sailor of the old school, and had. all chara.cter portrayed by Di\'keus in i.is " Domo
the. feelings and prejudices of hi$ class bey & Son," Captain Cu tlòle.

06

LAND:\IARKS OF TORONTO.

Some of Captain Gordon's anecdotes re-

uired quite as much verification &s Captain
Cmtle's quotations. It would have been a.s
;nteresting a.s amu!ing to atte:npt the task,
When they were found the searcher might.
very reason:.bly "make a note of it."
Captain II enry and "ïlliam Twohy,
Capt. Thos. Dick and Capt. Jas. Dick, Capt.
Taylor and Capt Nell \Vllkinson, were all
thorou
h seamen and gentlemen. Henry
Twohy was perhaps a man possessed of more
general information, at least he had the
faculty of amusing his passengers on almost
all subject:!. He was well read and in-
formed. C'1.p:'. Colcleugh. of t.he Prin.
cess, and late of the Arabian, was another
eccentric man. Although not bred to the
sea, he was a mo&t careful and pain
takin

officer. He prided himself on his skill in
brin
ing in his steamers to the wharf with-
out even" scratching the paint," but it was
a long process. He was a great snuff-
taker, and on occasions when he had
completeJ alJything he thought clever the
snuff-box was frequently used. He was
a man highly educated, and a most popular
and agreeable compa.nion.
SOME TRUSTED CAPTAINS.
One of l\Ir. Bethune's most trusted and
faithful officers, and a grea.t fa\'orite (who
øhall be nameless), one tIme committed the
great mistake of starting from Toronto to
an A merican port an hour before the ad-
vertised time. It was supposed that he
had been indulging too freely that morn-
ing, (which WAS most unusual), as he was
practically a total &.bstainer, and although
the mattJ and engmeer rtJmollstrated with
the captain, it hart no effect. The consequence
was that he lett his purser ashore and
others of the crew, and what was worstJ,
an Englishman and his wife, who intended
to go with the steamer on their way to
England, and who had sent the nurstJ and
chIldren, including a young infant, to the
boat in advance, discovered, when too late,
that the stea'ner had left. One can ima
ine
their feelings on learning the facts. :Mr.
Bethune, the proprietor, on being told the
sta.te of atfaÌl's, got ready another steamer
which was in port, and started in pursuit
of the I una way, overtook her, and trans-
ferred the crew and pas
engers. Fortu-
nately the boat arrived at her port in time,
and no harm came of the affair. The captain
was susp nded for the trip. but on return,
ig.p- to Toronto Wa.! r
instated, and such
was the confidence reposf'd in him from his
general unexceptionable conduct that nis
0\\ n promise was deemed a sufficient guaran-
tee that the offence would not occur again,
aDd it never did.
Both the public and the ù
ners of the

steamboats were fortunate in obtainin(! the
services on thtJ different routes of men who
were both popular with the former and who
efficiently dIscharged their duties towards
the latter.
There are few of those who travelle-l in
days now long since gone by who have not
a pleasant rf;collcction of the capta.ins re-
ferred to, and
lso others thus affectionately
written of by one who knew many ot them
most intimately :
"Capt. Ralph Jones, steamer \Yillio.m IV.;
Cap'. .John Cowan, steamer William IV.,
chief officer old Frontenac, built in 1816-17 ;
Capt. Edward Harrison, steamer Queen of
the West; Capt. Thoa. Miller, steamer
Union; Capt. Harbottle, steanlers Passport
and U:.icora; Capt. Cha<3. Perry, steamers
Highlander, Bowmanville and Her l\laje:,ty ;
Capt. Duncan
lcBride, steamers Admiral
and Princess Royal; Capt. Duncan SinchÜr,
steamers Passport, Algerian and Bavarian;
Capt. Arch. Sinclair, steamer Monarch:
Capt. Thus. Leach,
teamers Chief Justice,
An,bian aud ChicoN; l apt. Chas. Char-
michael, steamer Kingston, burnt, c'l.ptain
and some of the crew and passtJngers
lost; ('apt. Dunc&.ll Milloy, steawers Zim-
merman aud City of Toronto; Capt. Wm.
A. Milloy, steamer City of Toronto; Capt.
Hon J no. ElmsltJY, sttJ!l.mer Sovereign;
Capt. George Schofield. steamer
laple
Leaf.
.. And the captains on the river Eteamers
were equally popular men, in fact all the
captains in the fleet were justly so. One
captain in particular is well worthy of
notice, Capt. Robt. Kerr. He was one
of
Ir. Bethune's first, anc1. one of his most
faithful, officers, and one of the pioneers
on the Rochester route, a man of very
few words, ah, ays at his post, a.nd pli.nctu-
ality was detJmed by him of great import-
ance. In appearance he was, as compared
with II ost men, a gian
; his height was
about six feet five inches, amI built in
proportion. in fact, a splendid specimen of
a man. His strength WII.I!I immen!e, and
yet he was one of the mOl:lt quiet and in-
offt:nsi ve men possible, a s,rict discipli-
narian on dutv, and wouìri allow no undue
familiarity fr
m his chief othcer or crew,
courteous and polite to hi;; passE.ngers, which
rendered him a great favorite with all
who knew his real worth. His son, Robt.
Kerr, jr., a most promi!ing and rising man,
and the pride of the old captain, was all
through the American civil war wl.en quite
a youth, and now holds some good position
ot trust in one of the chief railways.
.. Sume captains, although good seamen,
are not expert in bringing a steamer to
the wharf. It requires a particula.r sort of

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

907

knack, with firm,good nerves. A clumsy man, ehas. Carmichael, subsequently Captain.
which was th" exception rather than the rule drowned at burning of ste3..mer Kingston.
in Bethune's fleet, would run great danger Isaac Cow:l.n, resideù in Toronto for many
in breaking Ïenders and !ines and damaging years.
the sides of the vessel, injuring the wharf, Anthony Hawke. dead.
and runnincr into other ve
sels. The most Eàward Hawke, residing at New York.
expert capt
in at I his duty was the much- Geo. M. Hawke. resides at Toronto.
respected and popular commander, John Geo. B. Holland, subsequently Secretary
Gordon, who was masl er of several I and Treasurer of the line. since deceased,
steamers on the Hamihon route extend- Josias Bray, anci
ing over many years. His last steamer, \Yilliam Schofield, of \Valkerton and To-
the City of Hamilton, was a swift I ront,... respectively.
boat, and it was a sight well worth ENGINEERS.
witnessiu'! to see him bring the vessel ,Mr.
lcBl'ide, Jno. Torrance, John Young.
to the wharf. He would come in full Geo. Monro, Alex. Starke, David Smith and
speed within about two hoat lengths of the Juo. Boxall.
wharf, and when one would fear by ap- STEWARDS,
pearances that he would dash into h, he \Villiam \Vhitlaw, a farmer near Guelph,
woulà rin
the bell to stop, then a turn and a mfl.I1 of influence.
or two of the wheel to reverse, and he John Quinn, subsequently a butcher in St.
wonld lay her close alongside o.s quietly as Lawrence Market. and Sergt. - Major in the
a. skiff coming in, without (in calm weather) Royal Grenadiers, now dea.d.
using a line or injuring the paint. Many John Smith was an alderman of the city;
others were vt'ry expert. T hose not wish- now dead. .
ing to run the risk of approaching too Dennis Hurlev. subsequently proprietor
swiftly would use their (IIpring lines, which of Terrapin saloon.
only made a difference of a few minutes, \\-m. Brennan, became a well-to-do farmer
but of course much depended on the at Frenchman.s Bay.
wea.ther, and how the vessel was laden. James Smith, now sole owner of the
Capt, John Gordon, "hen the writer had I \Valker House.
the pledsure years ago of his intimate The mortality amongst our steamboat men
acquaintance, was.. sterling good man. In has been great.
appearance h
was about five feet ten inches, None of the owners alive in 1840 now
a model in build, q,nd a most courteous I survive. and very few, if any. of the cap-
maD, and in strength herculean. He was Tailts or other officers, but it is more tha.n
bighly connected sociallv. His brother. a fifty y.,ars ago, and "e know that in this,
captain ill one of the Highla.nc1. regiments, as in all other
hing!!, the Latin proverb
wa.
stationed here. Capt. John Gordon's Tempus edax rerum is but too true.
boat was famous f\)r the splcndid table he
kept, known well in those days by the
travelling public. He gave up sailing many
years ago, and at last accounts had t.urned
hIS attention to fa.rming near Guelph, and
was prosperous and happy.'"
In concluJ.ing this account of the Royal
.Mail Line a reference must be made to some
of the pursers, engineers and stewards of the
fleet. Among some of the bes: known of these
were:
PURSERS
Jgaac Stanton, subsequ
ntIy in the Gov-
ernment at Ottawa, dead.
Duncan
lcBride, subsequently Captain,
dead.
John Berry, dead.
George Schofield, subsequently Captain,
killed, bein
run over by railroad engine at
Rochester.
Thoma.s
1iller, subsequently Captain,
dead.
Thomas Leach, subsequently Captain.
He died in Toronto in the early c1. ys ofI893,
a man whom to know was to e:otecm.

CHAPTER CCXL VI.

Stnrllllio Rnd Shipwrecks - Grf'at De"ta.uc-
lioll 01 Lire IInd '-roperty-The ('oillmer-
ciul Distress III 18;)7.
A terrible storm swept over the lakes on
October
lst, resulting in great damage to the
shipping an
lamentable loss of life On
October 22nd two men arrived at PtJi"t
Sauble, almo!>t naked, and their fect ba.dly
frozen, who informed the people of the neigh.
borhood that they were firemen on board of
the R
imleer, a.uù that they were the sole
survivors of the entire crew-she having
been wrecked the previou& ev ning. Tney
stated that all day a most terrific gale b 1 QW
from S. S. W,. suddenly shifting to al! J:oint8
of the cOll1pass, with a tremendous sea run-
ning. The steamer kept up pretty well all
the forenoon, but in the afternoon she ship-
ped a heavy sea which edinguishe,l the
fires, and the captain had no rccourse left
but to set the helm up and make for
the beach. For !everal hours in the evening
the hurr:cane and snow storm increasc()

908

LAND
lARKS OF TOHONTO.

in fury, and it was ulterJy impossible to see I men had he'Jn shal,en, if not who1ìy dlft-
or to do anythill
. Those on board CGuid placed, the Leader ad s, .. This displace-
only wait with anxiety the fa.te \\ hich they I ment has, of course, caus6d thi
t laek of
knew awaited them. At leugth somewhere energy and busine8s-like preparatÌ'on which
about midnight, t.he steamer iitruCK, and 801- Illarks the present spring. Of the three
most instantly the sea broke over her, and forwarding, or freight lines, u8ually running
washed the whole cre,.. into the lake. where betl\ een this pc>rt and Kingston, Montreal
21 of them found watery graves. 'I he two and other part>! of the St. Lawrence, the
men who escaped were fin-mpn, and they boats of two of the cnmpanies are in the
sts.ted that thev: were uttedv unable to re- hands of a!;signees and none of them are, we
late how and In what. manner they were believe, fitting out for traffic." After
saved. The first they knew after she s
ruck further lamenta.tions over the poor prospecta
WM whl'n they founù t hem-selves on the for the season the article conc1 udes.
roc.y beach Next day the steamer was The American line of steamers that in 1857
nearly all broken to pieces, and her tim;)er were plying l etween Ogdensburgh, Lewiston
and cargo were strewn along the shore for I and Toronto, W6re in 1858 all in the hands of
miles. the liquidators. \\ hat was known as the
The Reindeer was a side-wheel steamer, Royal
)aiL liue comprised the steamers
known by sailors as a" Pollywog." Sbe Kingston,Champion, Banshee, New Era and
was owned by Holcomh & Henderson, of Pasilport. They wer,. under the command
Montreal, and sailed from Chicagu on the of Captains Kelley,8inclair,Howard., CrYt\ler
16Lh inst., with 13,úOJ bushel!! of wheat, 61 and Ha.rbottle r
spectively. Ives & Co.'s line
barrels of tallow and some flour, for St. of freight steamers \vas the only one that
Joseph, where 8he was to ta.ke on some flour, had wea.thered th
storm. They were on
and then start for Kingston. She had a crew their usual route. but one steamer among
of 21 men and. two passengers. The cap- them, the Dawn, had been withdrawn.
\.ain's name was Geo. Patterson, a Scotch- The Peedess was on the Niagara :'oute
man, who b610nged to Kingston He was from Toronto throughout 1858, while the
much respected by aU who knew him. The Zimmerman lli
d been transferred to that be-
Dame of the stewald was James Henrv. and tween Toronto and Hamilton. Through
that of the purser, Charles Hradford, -ot To- communica.tion between :Montt"eal and Lake
ronto. The steamer was eight or ten years Huron WIj,S ensured by the American Line of
old, and ....as valued at about twenTy thon- steamers, running in connection with the
.and dollars. The cargo w&s owned by Northern Rl\.ihH\Y of Canada, from Toronto
Renaud & Frere. of MOfitlea.1. Both vessel to Collingwood. These vesseh, four in
and ('argo wel'e insured. number, were the Montgomery, Hunter,
The latter days of 185i had hecn marked by E.....ergreen City ::Iond Outanagon. They ran
great financial distress throughout the Pro- from Collingwood to Chicago daily. They
vinces ot Canada. both Upper and Lower, were 8i9, 681,624. and 600 tons respectively;
.Mercantile houses supposed to be as solven-t their commanders being Captains :Kicholson,
.. &8 the bank" ha.d toppled over. brin
ing Dickson, J'all a.nd Wilkins.
with them in their fall yet smaller houses, Two schooners, named respectively the
who, havill!Z unexpected pressure put upon Alliance, Captain
. ::). Hamilton, and the
them to lSehle their accounts while their Union, sailed in June from Toronto for
crediii W&8 impaired, cc.uld no longet" meet Halifax direct. They carrielÌ on tLeir out.
their liabilities. The imports for 185G ward voya.ge cargoes of wheat and flour, and
amounted to $1,68;},959, but in 1857 they on their return journey to Toront:) were
only re .ched $1,325,8S0, a decrease of more laden with sugar. The speculation :l.ppears
than $360,000, and in the exports the de- to have been a successful one, as other .:.rlp3
erease exceeded $137,000. The prospects were undertaken to the same ports.
therefore for tJ"ade duril1g 185S were any- The following steamers plied on the route
thing but rli.'\s!:!uring. The Toronto Leader between Montreal, Cornw"n and Port Co v-
of April 2nd, 1858, in referring to th
8hip- ington, during the na.vi
able season of
ping trade, more especially in the Upper 1858 :-Steamer Fashion,
ptain C. B.
Province, says :
" It is matter of regret De \Vitt; steamer Star, Captain Allan
that in the outset Wt! must spea.k of the 'lcDonald. Upwards-Steamer Fashion
pro
pects of this branch of our trade as left
lontreal on the afternoons of Tuesday
mu.:'h darker than usual. The present sea.- and Friday, a.nd steamer Star on the afcer-
son of navigation opel1S beford noons of Monda.y and Thursday, calling at
busine9l! men have rf'covered from Lachine. Downwards-Steamer ]<'ashion
the prostr-aLÌon of the late commercial left Dundee on the mornin2S of Monday and
crisis." After some more cenpra.l remarks. Thursday, and IItea'TIcr Star on the morn-
.etting forth how confidence among business lllRS of \\' ednesday and Sat.Jrday, caning at

LANI'l\IARKS OF TORO:NTO.

909

Lancaster, St. Anicet, Port Lewis. Coteau and Kingston. This was exa.ctly as in 1858,
Landing, Valley ,Field, Lower Coteau and the oilly change ì.,eing that (aptain
mith
l:eauharnois. on the Champion supplanted Captain :Sin-
Later, in 1858, the Zimmerman. Captain I clair. Later in the season Captain Aiton
Masson. remmed her former route from To- aSi!Umed command of the New
ra, vice
routo to Niagara Falls. Captain Chrysier. One of the royal maii
"1 he
teamers Zimmel.man and peerlE'
s' l steamers left the Custo r }) douse" harf, To,
Captams D. )lilloy anll E. Uutter\\'orth, ronto, tJvery morning at 8 o'clock, in con-
had their routes slightly .\ltered for the sea- nection with the ex pres ' trains for Niagara
son of 1859. The former made two trips Falls, Buffal.., New York and Boston,
each way daily from Toronto to Lewiston On the bay, Toronto. the steamer Firefly,
and vice versa, while the la.tter also made in add ition to her daily trips to and frolU
two journeys bet" een the same port8, but the Island, made ev
y Tues:lay and Friday
extended her t;-ip to Port Dalhousie. moonlight excursions round the bay. An ad-
On ;\j ay 19th William Bright offered Ïor vertisement of the time says" fOt. the ac-
tlale the hull of the ferry steamboat Transit, commodation of dancers t!1ere will be musio
then lying at Toronto, ThIS sa.id hnll was, on board. Fare only one York shilhng."
so the advertisement states, in
ended for On 1\'ovember 7th. the HritanniJ., pro-
the (sland ferry. Its dimensions were 120 peller, was, while lying at Anglin's wharf.
feet by 18 feet. with a depth in the hold of Kingst,on, destroyed by fire, and what little
th e Íeet six inches. the flames spared was engulfed by the
Commencing on July 26th, the Royal waters of the lake.
he wa.s fully insured.
Mail steamer Rescue, so she was de- Hl::r owners were Messrs. Holco:nb, Cowan
scribed by her captain, Thomas Dick, & Co., of
1 ontreal.
left Collingwood with the mail fortheRedTheZimmerman.CaptainD.
Jllloy.re-
River, callinf.{ at Fort \Yilliam, '3ault Ste. commenced her usua.l trips from Toronto to
:\hrie, Bruce
lines and intermediate ports. Niagara on April 9th. immediately on the
She also called "at Michipocoten Island opening of the harbor in 18GO.
with paEsenger
if required." The Pl(iu
h. There was no change in the vessels known
boy was another steamer on the same route. as the Royal
1ail Lit,e. They were five
She also was decscribe as the Royal.Mail in number, as in 1859. In connection wit;b
steamer. them the steamers Northerner, Captain Kil-
THE PROPELLlm BA
SIlEE, by, and New York, Captain Van Clive, lcfl;
which must not, though, be confounded! Tinning's wharf, Toronto, on a.lterna
e
with the Royal :;\lail steamer of the days for Cape Vincent, Brockvill
and Og-
same n:lUlC, was wreckeù in the :51. Law- densburgh. connect.ing at the first port with
rence on ::Septe'. ber 14th. It is tical ctly the steamer for Kingston and at Ogdens-
to be credited, but it IS true never- burgh with those for
Jontreal and Quebec.
'heless, that in descending the river at Cd-ptain Robert Moodie, on :\1 ay 6th, an-
night the steamer was actually left in the nounced that the FiretIy \\ ould 011 the day
.ole charge of a man mUlled Finnigan, who following re8ume her regular t.rips to the
was at the helm. He went to sleep, and Island from Toronto 1-1 er first trip of the
the steamer beill
left to her own guidance, season had been made on the previous Good
ran ashore on Whiskey Island. ou the I Frida.y, .April Gt-h.
American side of the river. about five miles A new stea.mer, the ,T. nny Lind, appeared
below Alexander Bav. She struck a sunken 011 the route from TOl"Onto to 110ntreal She
rock, and in 20 minu.tes sank, Her captain's \\ as chart
red jJY the Royal Mail Line.
name was
lcCrea, The accounts of the Anothc:" weil,known American river steamer
disaster do not contain any mention of what ,wa.s the Buffa.lo.
the owners of the steamer ha.d to
ay to him During the close of ] 83!), and prior to the
afterwards. It ia, though. not probable that openin
of na.vigat-ion in 186.1, efforts had
they were very comJ-llimeIltary in their been made to have the charges on freight
remark!;. and minera.ls enterinO' Toronto harhor re-
On October 13th Brock's monument duced. The result W
3 that when the har-
was inaugurated at Queenst n hy Sir bor re-opene\l the following notice appea.red&:
Fenwick \Villian:s, of K!l.rs, The Peer- HARBOR Cu
nUSSlOr"m's OFI"ICE,
less and the ZimmermaIl steamers acted for 'I or-onto.
larch 22, 1860.
the nonce as troop ships They cOll\'eye,l Copy of a. resolution of the Ha.ruor Com-
great numbers of the militia who were pre- missioner3 appointed this day.
sent from Toronto and Hamilton. I ,Moved by Mr. Wort:!, seconded by Mr.
The Royal Mail through line for 1859 c.>m- Harri;;, that from the commencement of the
prised the followin{! five steamers, na.mely, season of IS60 th
following ch;mges be maùe
the .Passport, Champion, New Era, Banshee in the tariff :

910

LANDYARKSOFTORONTß

That twelve and. half cents per ton of 2,000 rather, by the schooner A1J.gusta, and sank
Ib<õ. be charged on all merchandise, and in twenty minutes in th ee hundrell feet
all unenumerat-ed articles brought in by of wa.ter. She had a part} of three
undred
weight. excursionists, fifty orùin
ry passengers,
That the charges on coal be redHced from and II. cre\\ of thIrty-five officers and men.
twenty-five cents to twelve and halt cents Of lhese only ninety-eight were saved,
per ton of 2,000 Ibs. among the l0'3t being Mr. Herbert íngram,
(Signed,) J.G, CH.EWET.r. Chairman, proprietor of the London Illustrated ../.Yew.'l,
Toronto Harbor CommiMsioners. and a great number of Canadians. This
On AprIl 9th the steamer Bowmanville news arriving in Toronto, in the midst of
left Kingston for Toronto and Hamilton, the rejoicmg-a consequent upon the visIt
being the tirl:lt steamer of the season to pal:!d of the Prince of \Vales, sadc1.ened ma.ny
from east to west. I a hea.rt and darkened many an other\\ ise
\\' hat might have proved a very serious joyous household
accident occurred to the ::!teamer Bay State 1 he regatta arranged for the Prince's
on the morning of \Yednesday, May 9th. visit took place trom the harbor, Toronto,
During a tiense fog on her way up from on Tuesday, September 11th. The Prince
Montreal to Toronto, on passing throu:.:h having sigmfif\d his intention of being
the eastern g,Lp in the bland oppoiiite the presen' a.t the start, and at die same tÏnle
city, she ran asl101'e, and despite all the rece:vinf!: an address from the cluh, it
efforts ma\le by the captains of the Zimmer- W
8 d
cided that the boats should be
man and Hercules, could not for a long mooreù in line in 1ront of the amphitheatre,
time be floated. A number oÎ passengers where the address was to be presented;
were on board who were conveyed across the members of the club there assembled
to Toronto from the Island in small boats. in uniiorm on the platform for the purpose
Not until :May 12th were the efforts to float of greetinlZ the Prince. On his arriva.I, ac-
the Bay
td.te su-::cessful. \\" ht'n this was companied by the Mayor and several mem-
done she W.LS happily found to be uninjured, I bCl'i of the corporation oi Toronto, he was
and she steamed into Toronto I ay looking received with heart.y cheers. The commo-
none th'3 WlJr
e for her acéident. dore of the club, Lieut.-Co
onel Durie, then
In anticipd.tion of the visit to Canad3. of advanced and read the address, to which
H. R. H. the Prince of 'Vales, the H.oyal the Prmce replied in suitable terms. The
Canadia!l Yacht Club, at a meeting held on start of the yachts then too;, place. The
May 21st, came to a u'3termination to get up race, which was over an unusually long
a grand regatta in Toronto, to be heM when course, extending outsiùe from the harbor
the Prince paid his expected visit. mouth to l\1imlCo, a dea.d hell.t of several
I he Prillce arrived in Toronto from Co- unIt:s, and from thence round the light
bourg by the steampr Kii'lgston on Septem- house point to a buoy outllide the sland,
ber 7th. A temporary wha.rf was erected near the gap. The Rivec was the winning
directly opposite the landing place at tho vessel, that being the thi: d match she won
foot of .fohn street. Amc.ng the thousl\nùs in that spason, being equa.lly fortunate at
who welcomed him were the members of the the Cobourg and Kingston regattas. The
R. C. Y. Club, h had heen the int
lltion Prince left Toronto by r,ál, not Ly water,
that the yachts should meet the Prince's on lh8 following day.
ves8el at the harbor mouth, bearing down During the lattel. portion of September
in line, the Commudore leading, each yacht severe storms visited Lr.ke Er:e. and a great
td.cking or wearing as the steamer Kingston many vessels were wholly or partially \\ reeked.
passed, Iond dipping her ensign, but this Among these were
plan was found, owing to the absence of THE SCHOOXER CHAMPIOS,
wind, to be impractÎl.:able, and the yachts of Oakville, the brip- Ocean, of Chatham,
were ordered to move in Ime opposite the the Antelope, of l\Iorpeth. and tho
landing pla.ce. As the Kingstoa entered J, G, Scott, of Port Bm w.,ll. The captains
this line the cross trees were manned,ensi 6 ns I of the Ocean and the Antelope both perished
were dipped, and three hearty cheers given and many other liyes \I ere also sacrificed.
in honor ot the illustrious visitor. The The steamer )Iorning, Captain Isaac .May,
membpcs of the club were all in uniform, was on her u
ual route on Lake
imcoe
and H. R. H. is Baid to have expressed him- throughout the entire season.
øeH as hi{!hly ratified wIth the reception The Itescue, ot which Captain Ttomas
thev afforùed him. Dick was managing director, ran trom Col-
One of the most lamentable accidents that lingwooli to the Sault ;-Îte. Mal"Íe and in.
ever happened on the la.kes occurred on termf'diate ports. She was a very popular
SeptemLer 8th to the Lady Elgin 011 Lake vessel with touri
ts and was well fitted up
Huron. She cullided, or was run into and mallaged_

LA
D)fARKS OF TÜRONTO.

911

.Another vessel on Lake Huron, ,-:ne pre- I Early in May Robert Moodie, captain of
viously mentioned, the Plou _ hboy, this the Fire Fly, ad verlisei:l from 'loronto, .' The
year \ as ucdt:r command of Captain D. Fire Fly has commenced her trips to the
\\. McLean. She was chartered by, if not ísland, where our citizenR c..n get a mouth-
the actuaL property of, the Great Northern fulof fresh a.ir. She btarts at 11 a,m, and
RaIlwav anù carried the mail for the north- evuy hour af,erwards." There is a very
west, as did the Rescue also, great contrast between Toronto Island
The first vess"l to leave Toronto harbor in in 1861 and the same place thirty years
the spring of 1861, with merchandise, was later.
the steamer Coquette, G. ll. Chisholm, mas- FAREWELL THE PJU:RLESS,
ter She sailed
larch 29, and ca.rried About the end of May there disappeared
10,000 bushels of wheat, consigned by Hu.ga- from CanadIan waters one of the most
mall & Co., of Toronto, to Mr. Hagaman, popular steamers that had ever sailed
of 0:; \\ ego. thereon, the Peerless. She was purchased
The trips of the Zimmerman to Niagara from the Bank of Upper Ca.nada by J. T.
were commenced on April 23rd. Wright, of New York, for $36000. She
The vessels ofthe Royal Mail Line, or, as left Toronto on
lay 10th, under Captain
it was afterwards called, the .. Through Robert Kerr. Cpon reaching Montreal it
Line," were the Magnet,
ew Era, Kin
s- was found neceS8arv to dÜsmast her to enable
ton, Champion, Bamhee and Passport. her to pass unde-r the VictorIa Bridge.
They ran, as herE:tofore. from Hamilton to This was accordingly ùone, and on 11ay
Montreal. 27th she arrived in Quebec. But Wright's
A serious accident occurred to the George troub es were not. nearly over. Before he
Moffatt, propeller. She ran ashore while coulù td.ke her away from Quebec much had
passing down the Long Sault rapids, on to be done. It was 8.øcertaiued that under
April 21st, narrowly elilcapiug total ship- recent .British laws "he vessel could not sail
wreck. for a foraign port without an Imperial clear.
There was no change on Lake Simcoe, the ance, This, ehe being owned by an Ameri-
l\1orning still continuin
at her work, ana can, the proper officer at Quebec could not;
with the addition of the Clifton, W. H, ;;rant, 'Vright then applieà to the Ameri-
Smith. master, the steamers on Lake Huron -::au consul at Quebec fur a .. sailing letter."
were the s line as in 1860. fhis a.lso was declined on the ground that;
The freight steamers between Hamilton the Peerlesb mhrht be intended for the use
and Montreal remained much the same 808 of the Confed;rate States, the American
in the immediately preceding season. They civil war havin.! just broken out. 'Wright
numbered among them the Avon, Huron, then wa.s obliged to give heayy bonds that
Colonist, 'Vellington and West. The stea.mer the "cssel would not be used for warlike
Eo" manville, Captain Smith, of the Beaver purposes, and was eventually allowed to
Line, also carried both freight and passen- clear her, on condition that she WII.S placed
cers from Toronto to Montreal. under comma.nd of Cap tam McCarthy, who
- Un May 10th there was la.unched at the was a Kova Scotian by birth, but 80 natu,
Nottawasaga River 80 large lIailing vessel, ralized American citizen. Eventua.llv the
afterwarùs known &8 the Queen of the North, Peerless formed one of the Burnside é:xpe-
Captain A. Martin. Sue was the property of dition and was wrecked off Gape Hatter&S.
Messrs A. 1\-1. Smith and G. H. \\'yatc, of , Her owner, J. T. Wright, received no leas
Toronto; was built by John Potter, ofOnk- ' I than
100,00() compensation for her loss, be.
ville, and was intended to ply with sides $6,000 for her hire.
grain between the upper lakes and Mon- I At Hamilton, on May 29th, was laun.:hed
trefAl. at Cook's wharf the steam tug Hero. She
Another launch took place on the follow. , was built by A. Lavallee, of Hamilton, and
ing day, May 11 tho .-\. new steamer for wall owned by him in couj unction with
Lake Simcoe, intended to replace the J. C. I\lessrs. Barr and Maxwell, of the same city.
Morrison, burnt some time previoublV, WM Misses Lavallee and Barr both assisted
launched ::..t Grillia. She was a pretty ves- in naming this steamer.
eel, 151 feet long, 24 feet wide and 7 feet 8 Tenders were invited in all the provincia.l
inches deep. Her engines were supplied by papers, in May aud June, for the erection
the well.kno ,\ n engineers, Gartshore, of of a lighthouse and also a bouse for the
Dundas, her builder bein
Hugh Chisholm. keeper, at the Quepn't; wharf, Toronto.
She, at her launch, wail christened the Emily Quantities and specifications were ttl be
May, out of compliment to the eldeilt ob,ained from Kivas Tully, architect, To-
daughter of her owner and ma.ster, li;aac lOnto. Tee notice WIIoS signed by .. Hagh
May. l\Ii
s \ \' orthington, of Toronto, gave Richardson, Harbor Master."
the vessel her na.me, On July 11th the steamer Bowmll.l1ville

912

LAKD.
IARKS OF TOROKTO

carried a hrl!e numbêr of excursionIsts from! ber of men were enrolled, and what was
To
onto and-other ports br:tween that city known as the Kaval and Pilot Brigade of
and Kin
stoll to Quebec, to see and inspect Toronto formed.
the The AUi>tra.lian arrived at Quebec in the
GREAT EASTER
STEAMSHIP, end of December .vith 40 officers and 833
then just arrived from England "-hen non-commissioned officers and men belong.
it if! borne ill milld that this vessel ing to the First Ba.lt,tlion Rifle BrIgad
;
wa3 no less than 630 feet in length. se\'en officers and 254 men of the I{o\'a.l
And that she was wide and deep in Artillery. '
proportion, it is liltle to be won- The ÌJersia arrived a few days later
di!red at that great numbers of people with 4 officers and ll8 meu of the Roval
availed themselve3 of the advantacres offere i Engineers, and 36 officers and 823 men
of
by the proprietors. of the Bo\
man ville. the 16th He iment, under the command of
On July 26th, on the return journey, so Colonel Peacock.
pleased \\ ere the passenger:> at the attention The I\iagara also broU1zht 27 officers and
p,\id to them by Captain :,mvi:-h the ma.ster 330 men belonging to the 'Royal AI.tillery.
of th . vessel. and his subonlinates, that the Owing to the comparati\'ely mild winter
t;t'ntlemen among them presented him with ot 1861, navigation opened early in the
an arldre,:s, accompa.nied by a silver cup sprin
of 1862, The Royal
lail Line of
and salver. This addreas WI\S signed on be- st amers commenced their trips betwe.,n
half of the 0 hers bv T. D. Harria and S. Hamilton and Kingl!toÎ1 on April 20th, and
:B. Fait-banks, The
ladies of the party, not II.S soon as the canals on the St, Lawrence
to be behind .. their brother:5 and their op,med extended them to .Montreal. Th.
cousins and their uncles," also as', ed Captain steamers were the same as ill the year
Smyth's acceptance of a piece of musIc and preyious.
also a meerschaum pipe. The ateamers K ortherner and K ew York,
On July 13th thece arri ved in Toronto, of the American line, had been sold to the
from the'Channel I
ll\nda, under command Federal Government for the purposes or the
of the gallant Colonel
] aule\-erer, of Crimean fratricidal war then raging in the U nitp.d
fame, the 30th Canbridgeshire rf'giment. States. So in the early part of the season
The steamers Passport and Banshee conveyed this line did not run
the entire regiment, and it is worthy of not'.) On the morning of April 7th the Zimmer-
without the slie:htes - mishap. from Quebec man made her tirst trio of the season from
to Tor"nto. This was bv !to means a small Toronto to Kia!!ara, .Lewiston and Qu.eens.
undertaking. - ton. Upon her arrival there, by the kind.
A new steamer is in the middle of July ness of .Majoc Grange, the Royal Canadian
thu!! announced :- Rifle Band went on board and accompanied
"alPORr
\NT NOTICE. the boat to Lewlston and back, discoursing
Thfl splendid steamer some of their choicest music.
:BAY OF QUINTE On April 29th the fine steamers Ontario,
'VIII leave the Custom House wharf to,day, Capta'n Estes, and Cataract, Captain Led-
at, 11 o'clock. a, m , for Kingston and intèt"- yard, of the Lake Ontario Steamboat Com-
meàia.te ports. Fares reduced. Apply at pany, commenced their regular trips, form-
Mail Line office. Toronto. in
a weekly hne from Toronto to Ogdens-
July 16th, 1861." uurgh,
Ayaeht race took place in Toronto harbor On the Royal
Jail Line, Captain Swø.le{
on September 7th, between the following succpeJed Captain Howa.rd in command of
yachts: 'I he Wide Awake. Da' t, Rivet, the Banshee.
Cygnet, \Yater Lily, Irene and Arrow. There wa' a mOi>t effioient
The "ide Awake was true to her name. THROUGH FREWHT SERVICE

he distanced all her competitors by seven from Hamilton to Montreal during the
minutes. I whole of thie season, Messrs. Jacques,
In ,-iew of the unsettled øtate' of affairs Tracy & Co's. propellers Huron, Indian,
in the nei
hboring republic, and the very Colonist, A Yon,
t. La\Hence an 1 Ottawa.,
tall talk indulged in by certain America.n forming a daily line from and to the PQrt&
politicians, ø. meeting was, on December just n'!med, calling at Oswe_o. Ogàensburgh
27th, held, of a number of øailors and and King'3ton.
men conn
cted with nll.vigation who were A barque of 400 tons hurthen was launched
willing to serve on the lakes should their from th
ship,buildillg ya.rd of 1\1l8Srs,
øervices be required, This meeting was
l uir Bros, Port Dalhousie, on June
called by R. Arnold, of steamer Caroline 7th, She was called the Adya'lce, and
fame, t\.nd was held at G H. \\T yatt's office, was christened by the wife of Captain D.
Toronto, the result being that a large nUlD- Muir.

LAXD,MAH.KS OF TOROXTO.

913

An interesting yacht race took place on
September 8th from Toronto harhor. for the
l'ril1ce of Wales champion cup, offered by
the Royal Canadian Yacht Club. It had
been II.rranged previously that the course
should extend from Toronto to Port Val-
housie and bac" a total dis'ance of about
seventy miles, thus affordin! a good uppor-
tunity of de\'eloping the salling- PQwers of
the crafts entered. The cup was \TOn
by the Gorilla. her time bein
6 hourl:\,
46 minutes 25 seconds. The L-:iv-et
followed her in thirty mhutes, and the
Breeze, though third. was more than two
hours behin i. 'fhis wa.s the second year
a Cobourg yacht had carried off this cup,
tbe \Vide Awake, of the Si1.me place, having
øecured the trophy iu 1861.
A very violent storm prevailed at the
eastern end of Lake Ontario I)n the night
of November 2nd. Many ves8els were
wrecked, accompanied by great los8 of life.
The propeller Bay State, Captain Marshal,
belon _ iug to the Northern Transportation
Compa y. was lost on her journey from Os.
wego with all on board, the officer. and crew
numbering eighteen persons.
On Lake Erie the storm was no less dis-
astrous. As the propeller Howard was on
her way from Dunnville to Buffalo, having
in tow six scows, when near Point Abino,
owing to the violence of the storm, the
scows broke loose and "'ere totally wrecked,
no less than sixteen of their crews perishing
in the waves.
Naviga.tion closed for the seasen about
November 17th, about U:e same time as in
the two yeara preceùin,g-.
On March 5th, 1863, expired at Hem-
mingford, Canada. East, at tile age of sixty-
seven Y
I:'S. Mr. Alexander \Valker, for
many yut'S mate of the Chief Justice Rob.
inson, and subsequently iighthouse keeper of
Toronto harbor
The CoUin
wood Enterpri.'1e, in its iesue
of Aprilllth. says: " Ca.ptain T. Dick has
ta.ken the contract for carryiug the ma.ils
from Collingwood to S'iult
te. Marie this
8eason He will have a boat 011 in the
course of a few days.-'
The Zimmerman's trips bega.n this year
on April 17th. Her command was still in
the hands of Captain Milloy.
On April 15th Messrs. Chaffey, of Brock-
ville, launched a second large propeller from
their building yard. A large crowd assem-
bled to witness the vessel, which was callE"d
the Brockville, glide from the stocks into
the waters of the St Lawrence. This firm
also ran during 1863 another propeller
called the BrIS 01, besIdes the steamers \\' eI-
Imgton and Boston,
7'he great event of the se80son, in

tion with the shIpping of Kingston, was the
launching from that port, 011 April 21st,
of the barque Robert Gaskin, at the :Marine
Railway ::;hipyard. This vessel was com.
menced in the prevlOu3 Octo
er, and com.
pleted eal'ly in April follo\\ ing. Her dimen-
sions were 136 feet keel Rnd ùepth of hold
11 feet 6 inches. She was built expressly
for the grain trade and had a carrying ca.pa-
city of 20,000 bushels. She wa.s "tree.
nailed" fast:med throughout, being with one
exception. the only yessel on thE' lakes at that
time that was so f .stened,
.Kavigation on Lake Ontario opened early
this season (1863) on March 26th, there
bdn;! two arriva.ls at t11'3 port of Toronto.
One of these wa3 the ðchooner Indian .\ I aid,
from Port Dalhousie 1..-ith 450 barrels of
plaster on board, The other was a.lso a
schooner from Port Credit carrying thirty-
fi ve cords of words.
Tne "Royal .\Jail steamer Plough boy," so
the a.dvertiseme It for t.he
eason described
her. resume,l her regular trips from Colling-
wood to :5ault Ste. -'Iarie 0:1 May 20th.
She was under command of T. F. Park.
The Emily May, on Lake Simcoe, began
her journeys from Bell Ewart to Orillia. on
April 30th. ::;he was still under the same
command and ownerihip. that of Isaac May.
The steamer Clifton, \V. H, :--mith, mas-
ter. commenced running in connectio I with
the JIIorthern Railway from Toronto, on
May 2n<1, between Collingwood and Owen
Sound.
:Mr. Shickluna launched the propeller
America from his yard at St. Catharines on
the a.fternoon of Werlnesday, April 29th.
The vessel was owned by
lessr8. 1\1orri< &
N eelon, and the engine a.nd' bOlleI' were
built by Mr. G. F. Oil, all of St. Cath.
a.rinE'S.
THE DISASTROUS WAR
that was in 1863 raging so fiercely be.
tween the Federal and Confederate
States of America had a. most L,uJeful
influence on the trade of the lakes.
II There is that," says the Rochester L-1lion
of Ma.y 2nd, 1863, "which leads me to the
belief that the ste .men which ply to and
from thIS port on Lake Ontario the coming
season will be few indeed, The American
Stpamboat Company cannot find much to
encourage the running of their large and ex-
cellent boats, and as parties on the Atlantic
are seekin
these boats for those "at-ers,
we need not be surpriøed to hear at any time
that they have been withdra\\ n, even if they
a.re put in commission on :Mon lay next 8.8
an ounced. As for a boat to run across the
lake to the north shore ports, the prospects
are by no m('ans fla.ttering. A large and ex.
connec- . pensive boat cannot be maintained, Rud

914-

LAKD)l.A RKS OF TORONTO.

.small o>=.es adapted to !Inch a route are not I Quebec," calJin
at Rochester, O.we"o,
easily to be had. It must. be a good sea :Sackett's Harbor, King
ton, Brockville,
boat to get a. license to carry passengers Ogdel1sburg, etc" connecting with the new
across the broadest part of Lake Ontario. I river steamers .Montreal and Caistor.
Such a boat ha3 not yet been found Capt. I 1\ot only were the "fares at lowest rates,"

cllJfield has had the subject unde: consider- but mirabile diclu "Amel"Ïcal1 money was
ation all winter, but with n(, conclusion as I taken at par." Considering tbat gold at
yet. The derangement of the currency puts that particular time was in the United
a quietus upon the traùe witn Canada, hence States at a premium of 150, and that
there is little for a steamer to ÒO 0:1 thiS "Amer'ican money" consisted for the most
route. Captain S. would be wiiling to run rart of "greenbacks," these terms must be
a boat, without profit, to accommodate the considered princely ill their liberality
public, and keep the reute open this season DESERTERS }.Rfll\{ KTNGSTOK.
ill the hope ;)f future profit when trd..te shall I The following amUSIng account of two de-
reSUllle its accustomed channeìs. Thus far I sertions from the garrison at Kin ston by
th,ere is nothing that indicates th<::t a ste
m(,r the aili of the steamer Cataract i
taken
\\ III be put on the route to the
orth 8hore ' froUt the Rochester Democrat, publIshed in
this Beason, thou
h the subject is still under I ApriJ :-
conside.:ation. The CanaùÌ1.n business done I A MILITARY hIPORTATIO
FRO'! KINGS-
by water will be conducted hy sail craft I TO
, C. \V.-NOVEL Mom!: OF DESJ-:RTION.-
ill the abser.ce of steamers. The primitive I A pas!ienger i y the steamer Cataract,
method, in vogue ha.lf a century ago, will be I which i\,rrh-ed at Charlotte last evening,
revived, indeed it has been already. relates the following interesting occurrence

choouers a.re carrying both freight d.ud pas- as transpiring during the passage from
flen
ers to and from this port. ,. Kingston to Sackett's Harbor. The lma.t
A few da.ys later thê same subject is again ai'rlved at the former port at 5 o'clock on
referred to by the Rochester Democrat, 'l'ucaday morning, where the captain foulld
which says: .. On Saturday evening the upon the wharf I\waitiug shipment an ob.
schooner Morgan sailed fl'Om Ch!irlotte t.o long box bearing the following marks :-
Toronto with a car
o of seventy,five boxes' lI'ith care
of trees, '1.'he schooners John Wesley, A:UERICAN GLASS Co,
\1 ary Adelaide an I Petrel, sailed on PeArl IItrcet,
Friday evemng for Canadian ports with New York.
cargoes of millcellaneou3 merchandise. Not- From
withsta.nding the high price of exchange and \Yro. Hunter &; Co., }
coin, there seems to be quite a trade spring- I Napanee.
ing up wi&h Canada, and ill the absence of Payment on delivt-ry.
any steamer directly across the lake, thii:l fhe box was taken
board without SUB-
trade is carried on with schooners." picion, and the Cataract proceeded to
\Vhen the steamer llo
nnl\nville was en- 8ackett's Harbor. \V hile the boat Jay
tpring Hamilton on !llay 8
n the m!'.te of at the what'f, the engineer approaclu,:d t.he
thAt vessel, Nathaniel
lolltgomery, fell box and pulled ont 110 wisp of ha.y for the
overboard and was drowned. He belonged purpose of wipin
his hands. What Wd.S
to Toronto and was unmarried, He: wall a his astonishment, a moment afterwards, to
most popular officer, and greatly liked by beho d one side of the IJOX fall to the deck,
everyone. and t
o of Her l
rita.nnic Majesty's soldiers
On Ma.y 10th died at his residence, Clover ha.stily eI1}erge therefrom, spring to their
Hill, Toronto, after a long and seyere ill I feet, and bound up the emba.nkment. There
nes>', Captain Elinsley_ The deceased gen- they halted and began their toilet. Several
deman was a member of th
Legislatiye I of the Loa.t hands followed, with a vinr
Council of Upper Canada before the union. I of requesting explanations anù collet ting
He was formerly in the Royal Xav}', and as freight charges, but, apparently fearing
has been s en f(',r some time commanded a recapture, the soldiers took to th
ir heel8.
a sleamer on the 1akes. Upon eXII.mining the box, a. stock was
The Toronto Globe, in refenin
to Ca.ptain discovered, marked on the inside
Elmsley's death. says "He was liked by as follows: "\Ym. CD-sl!ons, 4th Bat.tery,
t'veryone for his kindness of heart, lIinc
rity 10th Brigade, Hoyal Artillery Station,
an,) candor." :Market Battery, Kingston." The plan of
Under the name of th
American Express escapeproveda!l 8uccessfulas it wa3non,1 and
Line, "one of those magnific
nt steamers," ine-enious; but iLs disclosure will doult-
80 runs the advertisement, '13ay St<i.te and less prevent ite repe'ition with impunity.
Catar&ct," leaves Toronto" every
Jonday, As for the sergeant-one of the rdugees
Wednesday e.nd Friday, for Montreal and is a ser
eant-if he iil rcca.pLured, we pre-

LAND
IARKS OF TORO
TO.

915

dict that the stripes will be taken from
off his arms and placed upon his back.
\Ve advise him to make for Rochester and
go into the hea\'y artillery.
On June 22nd the American Express Line
announces a. chan"e in its arrangemcnts, as
follows :-

20th, that atter experiencing great dangers
and not a little privation the Plougi. boy
aU/I her passengers were by the steamer
Nicolet, owner
lr. G, H. WY!l.Lt, oi To-
ronto, towed into Collingwood. The
steamer R
scue took the place of the Plou
h-
boy for the remainder of the
eason.
"CHANGE OF TDJE. ALAS! THE 7UIMERMAN.
"Through to
lontreal in 36 hours. Amer. Few ca.lamitie3 created more Iegret in
ic
n money taken at par. Toronto than the burning of the stell.mer
"On and aft
r
Ionday, June 22nd, the Zimmerman at Niaga.ra on the early morn-
splendid lake steamers Ontario, Captain m
of August 21, 1
63. The tire was first
J. "B. Estes; Bay State, Captain J. B. 1.101- discovere<l by the watchman between the
lev; Cata.ract, Captain J. H, Ledyard; 5moke stacks under the main cleck. The
with the new and elega.nt rlyer ..teamers alarm was quickly
iYen and all hands were
Alexandra, Captain J. N. Backus, soon on deck, every effort bein
made, but
and the fast steamer
lontreal, compris- unavailingly, to suppre&
the fire. Mr.
in-
ing the American Express Line, will leave clair, the second mate of the ves!:'el, in a.
Toronto daily for LewistoD, Rochester, Os- vain endeayor to rescue some of his per-
wego, Kingsto"1, BrockvilIe, Ogdensburgh, sonal property, fell a victim to the flames,
Montreal and Qut:bec. passmg the Thousand Patrick Lßw'less, while endeM'oring to
Islands and RlI.pids of the
t. Lawrence by t:scape from the burning vessel to the wharf,
daylight." he having till the last moment worked
fhe notice, after giving informll.tion as to courageously II.t the pumps, became en-
tickets anJ rates of freight, modestly con- ,.eloped in smoke and fire and was burned to
clurles: "Thi'ii route offers to the business 1eath.
man and pleasure-seeker attractions not \Vith these two sa.d exceptions, tbe
surpassed in this or any other country." whole of the rest of the crew escaped
Under the heading "\Yater Excursions and with very llight injuries, but they kst all
Picnics,' the owners of the steamer Hero, their property that was on the vessel.
of Toronto, advertise July 9th that they Nothing could be done to save even a por-
are pre!Jared to take parties of any number tion of the famous Zimmerman. She was
unde:- eighty on excursions or picnics, not doomed to entire d. stnction. The c'osing
as might be supposell to the Island or to scene in her liie is thus ably depicted by lion
Victoria Park, I ut ., to any pla.ce at very eye witne3s :-
reasonable terms." Thø final paragraph of " The firemen at this time were playing
the notice, though, does not suggE-ilt the
opious streams on tbe burning vt::!:!el, which
idea that the advertisers expect their words had not the slightest effect in checking the
to be ta.ken too li erally, for they say: progress of the flames, which
ere spreading
.. Try the lake bre' ze and the cool spots with fearful rapidity in every dirE-ction, and
about the HUlllbf:r," lh;hting up the sl.y for miles around. 1 he
On Thursday, Angust 6th, the steamer attempt to scuttle the vessel proved futile
Ploughboy. undel' comm
nd of Captain owing to the dense heat, a.nd although the
:McLell.n, left Collingwood as usual for the firemen continued their efforts till a 111.te
Sault Stc.
Iarie. She reached her deStina- \ hour in the morning, the vessel WII.S burned
tion safely, II.nd started on her J eturn te the wa.ter's
dge before thp. fire "as en-
journey on the 10th. About midnight on I tirely subdu
d. Eetween four and five
the sa.me date she broke Ì1p.r engine3, which o'clock. the steam rushing into the cap of
in a tew seconds Le
ame II.bsolutely useless. the whis,le, caused it to give fortil a.
Captain McLean, finding the boat disabled. dull, melancholy scream, as it sounding the
sent off a boat quickly to try and find a requiem of the vessel."
tug to render him assistance. The a.
ci- The Zimmerman WII.S the exclusiye proper-
dent occurred off Barrie Island, about 45 ty of Captain Milluy, and was only im,ured
miles a.bo\'e Lit;tle Current. III tho boat for $12,000. It is said tha
but a few days
de
patched Ly the ca.ptain were the purser previously an offer made to her owner to
and mate of the Plou
hboy and three other purchase her for $35,000 waM refused. Be
bands. While in their OP'!Il crait !I. tt'rrible that as it may, Captain
lilloy's loss was a
storm burst npon the la.ke. After buffetin
very heavy one.
with wind and watel" for nine hours four of An accident occurred to the PaSspOTt in
the boata' crew perished, only Duncan Mc- palling the Coteau du Lac 00 the mornin"
Lean, the mate, survivin!:'. ),leantime the of September 17.
he ran for abtlut t\\O

assengers 00 t
e PI(;m!:hboy were unre. miles further and was then beached. There
lie\"ed ; nor was It untIl Thursday, August were about sixty passengers OD board. DoDe

916

LAXD
lARKS OF TOR01\TO.

of whom received any Injury, The vessel Hunshine came over from Toronto to Dal-
was subsequently got off, not miLch the worse housie and returned with a load of ceIuent.
for her II.d\'enture.
he has the honor ùf being the first vessel to
The stuamer Rochester ran throughout the clear ìrom port in 1864. Mli.v she lono
season of 18G3 from CObOUl.g to Rochester, shine." - ð
calling at Port Hope and Colborne. The The new fast-going steamer Rochester.
fare, includin
meala, was only $2 50. The Captain \Y. T. Greenwood, ran frolll Port
following notice appeared on October 24th, I Hope to Rochester in the season of 1864,
in reference to a new freight vessel :- commencing April 4th. She connt:cted with
"THE OSPREY.-The new steamer Osprey I the lj T. R. and the steamer;; of the
pli.s<led up yestel'day mornin
. with a cargo R. M. Line.
uf freight for Hamilton.
he Osprey is On April 11 ihe 'j"oronto Daily Leader
fittt-!d with the engines of the Jenny Lind, says, in a short articlE'., that .. .K a\'igatiun
a steamer that prematurely cl sed her ca- may be said t:> b fairly opened. Messrs.
reer, but was nuted for great speed and :Miller & Good, of this city, being engaged
power. She can stO\\' away 5,000 barrels of in loading the following ve
se!s with grain:
flour, which is a freight capacit,y surpassing Paragon, Kewca:nle, Flying :Fish and the
by considerable that of any other craft "t Two Brothers, "
present na.vigating the lake The new Burlington Bay v. as clear of ice on April
steamer is also provided with an upper 9th, the tirst arrival of the season,the brigan-
cabin saloon and staterooms, fitted up in tine Cambria, comin.
into port there on that
a style of comfort and elegance rivalling I date.
the passenger accommodatio 8 of the line Messrs. Donaldson & Andrews launched
boats, Parties from the United
tates I f om their yard at St. ('athar nes, on April
have made ur
ent applications for hel' pur- 7th, says the Journal, published in that
chase, but it seems that the owner" hRve town, .. one of the Rnest vessels in appear-
concluded that the most profitßble disposi- ance, at least, now afloat on these inland
tion of their investment is to retain the lake$. and she is apparently as strong and
steamer in the traffic of the St. Lawrence staunch as she i. beautifuL"' '1 h
Anglo
and Lake Ontario. "
axon, for such was the namE' bestowed
Another accident occurred to the Pass- upon the vessel by Miss Anna Donaldson.
port on !\ovember 1st. The Toronto Globe daughter of one of her huilders, glided off
thus refers to it in its imprf'ssion of'/ ue
- the ways smoothly and swiftly. 'She was
day, November 3rd : .. The steamer Pass- commanlied by Captain 'l'homas Neil, who
port slink in Kingston harbor 011
ullday was also a pa.rt owner, and was intended for
evening. She was upward bonnd withover the timber trade.
100 tons of freight. on boarò." The steamer Ottawll., one of the freight
On November 5th the propeller Her 1\111.- propellers on the lakes, has often been re-
jesty, built for Capta.in Perry, was launched ferred to.
he was launched from the
from the yard of Mr. S"ickluna, of ';t. marine railway shipyard on April 9t,h,
Catharines, Her dimens
ons were 185 feet where she had been undergoing t:J\.tensive
long by 30 feet wide. Her depth was twelve repairs. The Kingston ]{ews remll.rks:
feet six inches. She was at the time one .. :-;he will be ready to leave, as indeed
of the lar
est vcssels of her kind on the will most of the propellers, in a few Jays."
lake, The Hamilton Times, of April 9th, con-
There was much rou_b weather on the tains this notice in refere.lce to a mariner
laiie>! at the close of October and early who has fr,}quently been meutioned : .. \\' e
in November, though happily the season learn that our esteemed fellow townsman,
closed without serious destruction either of Captain Thomas Harbottle, has resigned
life or property. the command of the Passport, of the through
r-.!r. o.
. Gildersleeve, of Kingston. died line of bt
amel.SI he having purchased a I.,rge
very suddenly on March 9th. 'fhe KinL{3- and powerful tugboat, the W. K. Muir,
ton }. eu:s, spE'aking of his death, describes now 'ying at Detroit, of which he will him-
him as" a. wealthy steamboat uwner, an aelf tt\ke the command this season. His in-
active lawyer, and a ma.n of much Lusinf'Ss tention is to initiate a ncw branch of marine
energy and er.terprise." business on this lake, namely: the carrying
\1 r. Henry J.
mith, thE: Deputy H arbor of freight in barges towed by steamer.
)Iaster at Toronto, also died in that city on I Captain iiarbottle has been well and favor-
March 27th. ably known as captain of the Passport.
On :March 31st the St. Catharines JOllrnal, and we wish him much success in his Lew
under the neading II 'rhe fir!!L vessel,' an- I undertakin!!. '
nounces .. On '!lmrsdav hst," this would TIlE STEAMER RACINE,
be on March 24th, .. the :1o:uie:>cript craft formerly the City of 1"oronto, of the Royal

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

917

Mail Line, was rebuilt. in Detroit in 1863, Messrs. Henderson & Co. succeeded to the
She W,
B sold lD 1
64, and her name cha.nged old eatablished business of Holcomb &
to the Algoma.. she bein!l; sent to Lake::5u. Cowan, of Toronto and Montrea.l. Their
perior, plyin.{ from Collingwood to Fort vesiels wert) the Brantford, ""est, Osprey,
William. Her captain was D. Maclean. G. Moffatt and a new propðller owned by
:She made her first trip on April 28th. Captain Perry called Her Majesty. This
The steamer Empress left Kingston for vessel was commanded by Captain Ha.ndsid..
Toronto on April 14th, ior the purpose oi
he had cabin accommodation for ninety
ta.kin'" the route bt:tween that town and pass
ngers and freight capacity for 6,500
J\ïag:ra in pla.ce of the Zimmerman. Cap- barrels of flonr
tain Chrysler was in command. Tee propeller America ran trom .Montr",&l
The Royal Mail Line in 1864 consil'ted of to St. Ca.tharines, calling at Toronto on her
the steamers Kin !"tOll, Captain Howard; I upward trip,
Passport, Captain Kelley; Mapnet, l'D.p- On the G-eorgian Bay the Clifton was on
ta.in Fair 2'ricve ; Banshee, Captain Swales; her old route, commanded as in previouä
the Champion and the new steamer Grecian, seasons.
Captain C. Hamilton, of Kingston. These "I he Grand Trunk Railway chartered ei.:ht
st amers, run .ing from Montr
al to Hamll- stea.mers to run in connection with their
ton, were the only vessels which ran the road from Snrnia to Chica
o, and the Great
north channel of the rapids, "he most pic, \Vestern had six steamers also on the same
turesque one on the way to
J ontreal' l route.
The st.eamer Grecia.n had been built on A
mw STEAMER,
the Clyde and brought out to Canada in the I On April 20th Captain 11illoy's new
autun
n of 1863 and there put together. Her I steamer, the City of loronto, was success-
projectors expected her t.o prove 1íhe fastest .fully launched at Nia{{ara.. The timbers of
boat on Lake Ontario, the unfortunate Zimmerma.n had scarcely
The steamerø on the R, M. Line were become cold when Captain i\1il1oy, with the
all thoroughly renovat.ed this sea.son and earnestness a.nd dt:termination for which he
p!aced in a condition to ensure comfort and was s
famous, began makin6 preparations
safety to the p
sseJlgers. to replace her. To assist him in this desi
n
The TOr<lllto Daily Leader of April 18th, he cÀlled to his aid the services of Mr,
in commenting upon the facilitiea this lin8 Shickluna, of St. Catharines, the well-
offerEd to the travelling public, says: known ship-builler. 'Ihe keel for the new
.. Such privileges cannot b. overestima.ted steamer was laid on October 20th, 1863,
by the public, who will find the Royal
,J ail and exactly that day six mon ths the vessei
Line an exceedinely safe and pleasing one itself was launched. Mus Robertion,
to travel by east or west. The commanders da.ughter of Mr. Donald RooertsoD. of
have been selected from amongst the most Queenston Height.s, named the new yessel,
gentlemanly and thorough sea.men to be the uiu!Iol bottle of wine being broken upon
found on our lakes, the better to secure the ht:r bows. The dimensions of the City of
confidence of the public." I oronto were: length of keel 202 feet, 219
Messrs Chaftey' & Co., of Toronto, were feet over all ; wid th of Learn, 27 teet ; depth
agents for the followin.r frpi.:-ht boats: of hold, 11 feet 6 inches; draught, 7 fet:t 6
Whit"y, Capta.in McMillan; Ranger, Cap- inches, and 600 tons burden,
tain Leslie;
ropeller Magnet, Captain 'l'he Royal Mail Line began their re
Qlar
.Malcomson; the Merritt, Captain Smith; trips for the season on April 29th. The
the Bristol, Brockville a.nd Cantin The firat to leave was the Banshee.
latter wab a new boat, 1xr.ilt hy Mr. Cantin The American Steliomboat Company &r-
for Mr, J. D. Black, of Montreal. The rangements for the lake and St. Lawrence
Merritt wall the largest propeller that had for 1864 wel'li as follows: The Ontario and
been bUtlt in ('e,nada up to 186!, Her Bay State at ti; st formed a. tri-
'eekly line.
c
pacity was 35,000 bllshels of grain, 0'. Early in June they were joiued by the
7,500 barrels. ðhe was three masted and Cataract and Lord Elgin, a. regula.(" daily
barque ri
g{,d. line being then established, Their route
Jaoqu4ts, Tracy &; Co.'s frei"ht line of was from Oswego to '1oronto and from To.
Montreal consIsted of the steamer< Huron, ronto to Montreal, connecting with the river
Captain Taylor; ('oloni
t, Captain Moat; ateamers at Ugdensburg
Indian, Ca.ptain Vaugha.n; St. La.wr
nce, '1'he new City of Toronto commenced her
Captain Rea; the Uttawa, Captain John- journeys from Toronto to Lewu!ton on July
Bon, and the A VOI1, Captain Rmith. These 26th. The vessel was a great success.
vessels
01"med a d
ilV line fr?rn Montreal The Empress. which up to 1íhis time ha.d
to H amllto . ca.nymg Loth freight and p.lIl- been on this route, was removed to th&\
1JE:r.gers. from Rochester to Cobourg. SLe collided

918

LAND.
IA RKS OF TORONTO.

near the "Duck
" with the B
llshee on I The sch?oner Eureka, having been placed
Angust 6th. Ii ortunately no hves were at the dIsposal of the V oluntef'r 1\ a.val
I
st but
reat dama
e was caused both Bri1!ade at Toronto, she Was taken out by
.teamers. them under t.he command of Captain :Mc-
A new vessel built at St. Catharinea, Master for the fil st time on April 14th.
known as the Silver Spray. Captain Donald- TLe T ronto Globe, BpeakinJt of the brigade,
lon, cúmmenced running on
londay, .July !lay!! they were well drilled, and doubtless
25th, betweed Toronto and Port Dalhousie, at the call of duty would be "ready, aye
connecting with trains for St, CathaI'Ïnes ready."
&nd Ruffalo. She returned to Toronto from TWO NEW REVENUE mrrTERS
Port Dalhousie every evening at 8 o'clock, were at this time in course of construction
Terrible disasters occurred on the uprer ior the American Governn
ent service on
lakes in November, which resulted in the Lake Ontario. They were built. at \VilliamH'
loss of fifty li\"t
s and the destruction of, burgh an
l at Baitimore. Owing to the
property va.lued at more than one million great amount of smuggling that. had been
dollars. going 011 thrúughou t the \Y ar of SecE:ssion
Navigation closed pretty generally about this course was a.bsolutely necessary.
the midlile of November, the steamers of t'he T. e Royal Ma.il Line be
an their trips
Royal :\Iail Line hM'ing all concluded their ìrom HamIlton to :\Iontreal o

lav 4th. The
trips by November 20th. fleet consisted of the Champion,- Passport,
Grecian, M3,gnet and Kingston; later in the
season the Spartan.
The Rochester was on her old route from
Cobl urg to Rochester; the Silver Spray, be-
tween 10ronto and Port Dalhousie, while
the American Express Line had their three
steamers, the Ontario, Bay State and Cata-
ract plying as in 186:1-64.
On Lake Huron the Algoma, Captain
Leach, made her tirst t1"Ïp for the season on
May 9th.
The new stea.mer !':partan, of the Royal
,Mail Line, ?rri\-ed in Toronto for the fir
t
time on May 24th. 'J he Globe úf the follow-
ing day thus dt:scribes her: .. The splendid
new steamer Spartan was in our harbour to-
day and yt:sterda.y, and was visited by a
large number of úur citizens. She is really
a most beautiful vessel, fitted up in cabin
anll saloon lD the most gorgeous manner.
with all the elegant tinish of the tasteful ar-
tisan, .Her machinery is of the most power-
ful and perfect kind, without the appenda
e
of the ugly walking beam so freque, t on our
lakes, She \\ as built on the Clyde and
brought out in sections and put togeLher in

J on treal. ..
Trade on the lakes throeghout 1863 ap-
pear
to have been at a ..,ery low ebb. \Veek
a.ft
r week, from the opening of na,,-igation,
the same cúmplaint of dulness arose. On
June 20th the Globe writes despondingly:
II In marine affairs we ha.ve been 1t':l.itin" to
chronicle some activity, but must again re-
vert to the same old report of dulness that
we gave ..orne time ago." 'fhe paper then,
after a few genera.l remarks, expresses the
húpe that this state of inactÌ\ ity will soon
be dispelled, and somewhat more cheerfully
winds up its otherwise most lugubrious com-
ments by saying that i.t hears: " The new
steamer Corinthian is expected up soc.n. She
is said b Le n marvel of beauty and one ûf

CHAPTER CCXL VII.

IOOIIIY AntlcJpationii for the 8prln::: Trade
--The .'IrlOt -irrlval o. tbe S4':&!lOn,
The Taronto Globe of March 28th, 1865,
lias this parll-graph :-
.. N A VIGATIO
OPE
. - There is a good deal
of activity among the vessels now in our har-
bor. P.etitting, painting, and repair n

.are to be seen on all sides, and several have
already arrived here from other ports, !l.nd
\hree or four cleared to-day and last night,
One, the Mary Grover, has arrived from
nere at Oswego, laden with whea.t. Others
..r sprf>ading sail and soon the whole fleet
'will be in motion for the season as usual
A steam tug has been employed over near
&he Island all day removing 9t1me obbtruc-
lions in the new channel between the Island
and the eastern peninsula."
"The prospect in marine matters," so says
the VlotJe of
larch 29th, .. for 1865 were
lIot very brisk, owin
to the tlmall overplus
.f produce requiring shipment."
The steamer City of Toronto commenced
lier trips from Toronto to Lewiston on April
3rd, Her hours and places of departure
..-ere the same as in thE season of 1864.
The first arrival of the seaHon in Toronto
l1arbor was the Hi
hland Chief from French-
man's Bay, laden with 44 cords of wood.
The iollowing notice appeared in the
Kingst.on Whig of A pril 1
th :-
"ROYAL
lAIL LINE.-'J he steamer Gre-
.ian, oi the Roal .Mail Line, makes a trip on
Tuesday to Toronto, with a load ,;:,f barrack
&tores, from the Military Stores' Depart-

ent at Kingston. She will be the first of
the line to make a start. It is not expected
'hat the lille will commence runnin
until a.
few days before the 1st of May, by which
'ime the new ste
mer Spartan wIll be ready
to take her place."

LAKD
lARKS OF TORONTO.

919

the finest of the many beautiful boats which I ized by our citizens I\nd the young folks
adorn onr lake Eshipping." desirous of enjoyinS! a. sail."
Only two days later, on June 2211d, the On August 22ndJohn Walsh, captain of
Globe returns to the subject and state!! em- I the steam ferry boat Princess or \Yales, ad.
phati-::ally .. the business of the lake will not verti-es that his s!eamer will leave Tinning'.
P3Y the lar<.{e number of vessels in want of wharf, Toronto, for the Island, every day at
empluyme ,t this seasou." This time the noon, slld every hlH hour afterwards through-
Glol J e has no consolatory remal.ks to offer. out the day until 7 p. m.
The steam r Bay of Quinte broke he
shaft The Spartan, of the R. M. Line, met with
about June 24th. and was towed from" The a very serious accident by running aground
Bay" to Kingston for repairs. During her in the St. Lawrence, near Caughnawaga, l)n
temporary absence from her route her owner, August 2:". Fortunately no Ii ,-es w&l'e lost.
::\lr. Gildersleeve, chnrtered the R. M steamer The ves;;,ei was eventually repaired and r..
Banshee to supply her place. sumed her usual route
On June 24th appeared for the first time The propeller BrockviIle, belonzing to
on the lake what her advertisement des- Chaffey & Co, of Kingston, and trading
cribes I\S from Montreal to Toronto and Milwaukee.
.. The ma.gnificent new upper Labin steel- wa.s wrecked on November 8th at Big Point.
plated Sable Lake, AJichigan. Two hves were
STEA1\lER 10Bt, besides 2,400 barre;." of flour, For-
CORIN 1 HIAN, tunã.tely for ht:r owners the vessel was fully
CRYSLER, Master. in!llued.
Until Further Notice For some vearl the steam communiCalioD.
Will Leave Port Hop.. between Cö'Ilìngwooò and the Sault Ste.
Weather Permitting. Marie was limited to ..me boat a week, and
Every Morning, althongh tnfl sen-ice as performed by the
(Sl1ndaYR excepted,) at 10 o'clock, after the Algoma in ]864 and '65 wa.s punctually and
arrival of trains from east, west and north, efficiently done. business sufficiently de--
For Charlotte Direct, veloped itselt to justify additional proyj..
arriving there daily in time to connect at sions.
Rochester with afternoon trains on the N. In ]866 the Korthern Railway Company
Y.
entral and N. Y. and Edt' Railroa.ds to completed arrangement!! securing a double
all points e3.st, west and south." sen'ice during that season-stealll"rs leaving
The Corinthian called at Cobonrg and (':ollingwood for tbe Sault twice a week in-
Colborne, both going an:! returning. Her stead of only once. The second steamer
comma.nder, Captain Cryøler, had form- wa< known as the \Y olverine, and her
ed." been in charge of one of the Bay of rOll t, was the same as that oÎ thE" Al-
Quinte steamers. goma.
'Vith the aàvent of the Corinthia,n the Owing to an unu'lually protracteci winter.
Rochester, hitherto on the route taken the ,-arious PQrts un the lake were not fre.
by th
latter, was taken off, and after from ice as early as was generally the case.
thorough repair placed upon the Bay of N aviga.tion opened nearly a. fortni!Zht later
Quinte. than usna], the City of Toronto noS;
A new :!ailing vessel, known as the Jacl}uel'! ' resumin
her trips until quite the middle oJ
de :\Jolay, arrivf'd in Toronto, under com- April.
m3.nd of Captain D. M. Tucker, on July The f\Iontreal passen
er line consisted of
2jth. She Wa.!'! described at the time as the steamers SpartÐ.n, Gr
chn, Kin
!!toø,.
being one of the finest v
8sels that had ",-er Passport, Magnet, Champion and Banehel"_
entered Toronto harbor. She was 148 feet I 'l'hl'Îr comma.nding officers were Captain.
long and wa:s of GOO tons burthen. Rhe was I Howard, Hamilton, Dunlo?, Kelly, Fair-
buiJt at LÎverpo
1 by her owners,
leesrB. grieve, ::5inclair and Farrell,
:Kyria.n & Purdow, of that city, and w"s The .Ã.merican boats ran the same 11.:1: in
the first of the Templar line of packcts to 186:>, leavin
Torol.l$o in the morning for
run from Linrpool to the north-western Lt'wiilton; from thence to Ogden ,burgh, where
lakes. they connectE"d with the boats for
The Globe of July 27th thu6 refers to a.n Montr
..l. Of the frei,ght steamers Jacques,
all-but-ìorgottt'n incident, that of the Tracy & Co, '. line was the same as in 1864 and
TI:S-Y STEAè\lElc' RIPPLE, 1865. Amo&1g n
w fr
igh
ve
els the Bri..
sometime I"unning between Toronto and tol was under the management of Chaffey
the Islanrl: .. The miniature little stea"l)er, & Co. The steamers Perseyera.nce and En-
the Ripple, with her jaunty rig and oblig- tcrprisc,
he property of the Welland Rail-
ing ì,oy cl6ptain, runs half-hourly between way, ra.n between llort Dalhousie, Uswega
the city alld the Island, and is well patron- and Kingston. The Whitby, belonging t.

920

LAND:\fARK8 OF TORONTO.

"Iessrs. Henderson & Co., ran between peller Indian left St. Catharmes to-day for
Montreal and Toronto a.nd Hamilton and Hamilton to load peas and Hour for Mon.
vice versa. treal. The Huron and the Ottawa are ex-
pected up on Tuesday, May 1st."
RUMOURS OF vr ARS.
On May 1st the London (En
land) cor-
respondent of the Chicago Tribune writeR
thus to bis paper: "The fl ip;at
s Liffey,
(20,) and Galatea, (26 ;) the eorvettes Jason,
(21,) and Satellite, (21;) the sloop Petrel,
(21,) and the gunboat Rainbow, have re.
cei1'ed ordêr. to prepare for sea. with the
utmod despatch. Their destination is said
'0 be the Gulf and River St. Lawrence,
where their pres:mce may be necessary in
view of the complications that are likely to
grow out of the lap
" of the reciprocity
treaty and t.he fisheries question."
This was just prior to the Fenian troubles
of 1866, which culminated in the b<lttle of
Ridgeway just a month later.
On April 28th another fine vessel was
launched from Shickluna's shipyard, St.
Catharine., making the total number of
twenty-six schooners and In;eamers built
there in five 'Years. This vessel was a fine
pirc. of nay
l architecture, measuring 143
feet over all, 26 feet beam, 11 feet hold and
460 tons burthen. She received the name
of II Hessie Barwick," (alliteration here
"lent its artful aid") out of c
mpliment
to the da.u
hter of Mr. J. H. Barwick, agent
for the Bank of Upper Canada at St. Ca.th.
arines. Captain \Villiam Carridice had com-
mand of the np.w vesli'el.
U JOHN \V ALSH, Not unti1 May 6th wc\s the river clear
"Captain." of ice in the vicinity of Le"ieton. On
The steamer B IY of Quinte arrived at that day Capta.in MilJoy, of the City of
Bellevill... on the evenin
of April 21st from Toronto, reported Ihat he had been able to
Kingston. She commenced her regular trips pass down without obstrnction from this
on the same route for that season on the 23rd cau!!e
of the same month. On May 22 a new velsel of 120 tons bur-
Mellers. Chaffey & Co. ad1'ertised on April then was launched at Toronto at the Rolhn$t
23 that" The A 1 propeller Merritt will
1ill!! wharf. Her length was 80 fee, depth
leavp. Toronto for Ha.lifax on Saturday, the 6 f
et, andt'readth 20 feet. She only drew
28th inet, For freiiht apply to E. Chaffey about 18 inches of water; was scow-built,
& Co , Bank of Toronto Buildingr., \Vellin
- I and wire instf'ad of Fope-rigged. She wa.
ton stref:t, Toronto." I intended to ply from Toronto to port. on
The Emily May made her fir!!t trIp for the opposite øide of the lake. She was
the sealon of 1866 on Lake Simcoe on May. owned by Captain Woodhouse, who
14. She left Bell Ewart for Orillia eyery also commanded her, and her cost was
mornmg on the arrival of the mail train $2,5,00. .
from Toronto, "calling at all points of in- A new ferry boat from Torouto to the
terest," at least so advertised her m8.'Jter, IlIlan,t wall placed on the bay in June.
Isaac }fay. It was ad vertised th\(s :-
Not until April 28th was t.here much ac- .. Ialand Ferrv.
teamer Houquet. Season
tivity on the lake. On that date the Leader tickets for sale at the following places:
of Toronto puhlished this paragraph: - Messrs. W. & J. Strachan, Front street;
II The lake steamer!! have begun to move. Saulter's wood ,yard ; Church street wharl ;
The ste9mer Reindeer and propeller Brant- R. \V. Parkinson, E!'q" oorner oi Yonge
ford arrived here from Kingston to-day. and King streets, and from the captain on
'1 he propeller St. Lawrence is expected up board. Toronto, ,)',1I1e I, 1866. JAMES
to-night r>:' on Sunday morning. The pro- SA{;LTER, :\la.xcr."

A NEW PROPELLER.
On April 18th was launched at St. ('I\th-
arines the new propeller City of London,
intended to run from Port Stanley to Mont-
reaL The vessel ,,&8 named' by Mißs
Taylor, of London, and the l..nnch was de
elared on. of the most successful tbat had
eyer occnrred in St. CatharinE:s,
The extreme leDlth of the ve;.sel oyer all
was 145 feet, beam 26 feet 8 inches, with
11 feet 6 inches depth of hold. and 450 tons
mea.surement. 'J he St. Ca.tharines Journal..
in a hi.'!hly flattering notice of this steamer,
conclndes its remarks thus: "There is ex-
cellent. acc/)mmodation for steerage &8 well
80S cabin palsengers, so that the want.. and
puree. of all classes can be accommodated.
The City will be commanded by Captain
Pollock, a safe and reliable and skilful man,
and having a larp;e interest in the crah him-
self,. he will spare no pains to do everything
in hi!! po"er to secure the comfort and !!afety
of pas!engers under his care."
On April 13th, under the headinp; ., Prin-
ceu of WalesSteamer,-' the Toronto Leader
has this notict' : "The underaigneti takes
this opportunity of returning thanks to the
citizens of Toronto for the very liberal sup.
port he received last summer in running to
the bland, and respectfully intimates Lhllt
he will rt'sume his usu<<l trips on or about
the 10th
Iay.

LANf)l\IARKS OF TORO:!'llTO.

921

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,

'l'HE FERRY :BOAT BOUQl1Z'1'..

Early on the morninct of June 1st the City I to take charge of and convert the .teamer .
of Toront.o Left her moorin
s for Port Col- Rescue into a gunboat, -in discharging her
borne, having on board the .. Queen's Own" cargo and gettIng the necessary armament
of Toronto, who were .uddenlv called to on board in a. very short time and in a highly
arms for the pHrpo3e of defending the pro- creditable manner, and when relieved from
vince agaillst a raid ma.de upon it from United the charge of the Rescue in performinl
States territory by the Fenian df'spera- similar good Benice. when placed in char
e
does. of the steamer Magnet. And the Ma.jor-
On June 5th one hundred a.nd twenty General' will not fail to avail himself of the
.ailor!! from H. M. S. Aurora arrived sen ices of th
naval brigade ..fioat should
in'Toronto by Grand Trunk Railway from an opportunity occur, and will han Rreat
Quebec. A portion of them took possession pleasnre in bringinJ: betore the notice of His
.f the !!teamer Magnet, wnich, by order of the Excellency the Govervor General the im-
Goyernment, was being fit ted up ..s..n armed porta.nt and valuable eervices which the,.
cruiser. The rest of them went on tor duty have rendered.
at \V indsor. On the following day those of I have the honor to he, sir,
their comrades who had at first joined the Yonrobedient servant,
Magnet were also ordered to \Yindsor, are. WU.LIAJrI S. DURIE,
port. that a }'enian raid was there a.ntici- Lieu
-Col. A. A. G. it.
pated from Chicago 1 eing the cause of this Captain Mc}Iaster,
change. Commanding Naval Brigade, Toronto.
VOLUNTEBB }(AYAL BRIGADE. This is certainly very plea!!ing, but it i..
Durin
the Fenian trouble. of 1866 the to sa.y the ieast of it., somewhat embarra.ssinc
naval brii!ade (volunteer) was formed, as has to be told, as the Toronto Leader of Jul)"
been mentioned, for ..rvice on the l..i;es, 20th tells its read6rs, under the hf'ad-
under Captain McMaster. When the actual ing U Nava.-\ Brigade,' II that this bod)"
invasion took place they were at once caUed of well-rlrilled young men are now dis-
out for active duty and loyally responded to bandp.
I. Ill-usaf('e on the part of the Gov-
the calL Aftflf the excitement caw.ed by the ernment is liven as the cause," It; ill
invasion had subsided, the following letter to be feared the Naval Brigade expected toe
from the Majnr-Gener"l commanding the much.
troops WIoB received by Captain McMast.er : The Toronto Daily Leader, of August 16th.
A..iøtant Adjutant-General's Office, } contains this paragraph:-
Toronto, June 10, 1866. II THE GUNBOAT HERON.
Sm,-I am directed by Ma.jor-General Na- The gunboat Heron, ill
nded for .enice_
pier, C. B., comma.nding H.
l. forces and Lake Ontario, arrived here (Toronto) yeate..
volunteers in Canada. \\ est to express to you day. She is a trim little craft and carri.. twe
his thanks for the efficient servicas ren- 112 lb. A :-mstrong guns The Heron left ..
dered by the naval brkade under your com- 11 a.m. for l'or' Dalhousie, and was salute.
mand, pa.rticularly . ecently, when required I by the guns at the artillery 1 arra.ck.. '"

922

LA:ND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

At this time the Government had ready I Hamilton to Toronto. She was then subsi.
for river an11ake service the gunboats Urito- dized by the New Bmnswick Government
mart, Cherub, Rescue, Michigan, St. An- and journeyed on the Gulf She was burned
drew, Royal and Heron, an heavily armed at Shediac in March, 1874.
and manned by sailors from
he Royal After this she was re- built, brought to To-
Navy. ronto and called the Southern Belle. On
The rowing club regat'a of the Toronto August 17th, 1875, while coming up tht'lake
club took plac
on August 23rd an;Ì was sha ra.n on the boiler of the l\lonarch, wh ch
largely patromzed, the steamer Rothesay lies outside the Island,and was wrecked. She
Castle,having on board the baud of the 17t.h was restored and ao-ain ran from Toronto to
Regin.ent, conveying spectators. I Hamilton.

There were six events, consisting of the A rather serious accident occurred to the
fishermen's, boy
',two-oared,sculling, double City of Toronto while on her pass'ge 011
scull and champIOnship races. AUQ"ust 9th from Kiao-ara to Toronto. She
These were won by the Silver Arrow, the had a head wind and heavy sea to contend
No Name, \Vanderer, Queen, Lady Jane, "ith, and in her en1ea\"or to surlvount the
a
d M
. ThomAs Tinning secured the cham- I difficulties that beset her path, she broke
plOnshlP' I her shaft and reached Toronto in a disabled
Th. steamer Rothesay Castle, just lI',en- I condition. She was off her route for exactly
1 J
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THE STEAMER ROTHESA Y CASTLE.
tioned, was intended to run on the route I a fortnight, her place being taken in the
from Hamilton to Toronto. The Toronto meantime by the Osprey.
pa.pers of August 25th thus refer to her: - Thill steamer had been built in 1864 n

" This fine steamer made her first trip Sorel; was a side-wheeled, upper-cabin
yesterd8j', between this city and Harr.ilton. vessel, her dimensionll beint! 175x45 x II
Pre.-ious to starting for the .. Ambitious feet 6 inches. She contained the machinery
city" a t;rial trip was made in order to satisfy of the famous Jenny Lind, well hnown
the Gcnrel'nmen' Inspector that her machinery in her time as one of the fastest tlteamers on
was all right. the la.kes.
"Capt, He Horsey,of the Royal Navy,and 'fhe Osprey was built at the time of the
a number of other gentlemen ,"ere on board. American \Vur of Secesgion, and was in-
all of
hom spoke in the highelit terms of tended to be used as an armed crui!!er, but
the vessel. She will, durinp; the remainder no sale could be effected for that purpose,
of the season, run between Toronto and Ham- so her owner brought her back to the St.
ilton, and no doubt become popular before LawrencE', when she wa!! chartered by Capt.
long, The low fare and h
r superior accom. :Fra.nk Patterson for two years and ran from
modations will insure her a large share of Hamilton to
lontrea.l.
pubtic pa.tronage. JJ TilE OSPREY'S END.
The Rott:Jesay Castle wall built on the In 1867 she was purchased by ÆnealJ
Clydt' about 1864, a.nd was intended to be 11&ckay for the purpose of trading to Hali-
used as .. blockade runner, but by the timf> f!lox. One trip was made, but it turned out
ahe reached this country the "war was most unprofitable and was never repcl\ted.
over and all things were righted," so she
he then ran from Hamilton to Montreal until
conld not be put to her intended purpose. 1875 or 1876 with variahle success, then hid
She then came into ,he possession of Charles I up for two year!! and in the end perished
Heron and Thomas Leach in 18G6, nnd ran by fire. Capt. Daniel
I:aylor commatlded
on the Nia.gara rivel', opposing the stea.mer I he r for manv years.
City of
oronto. Afterwards she ran from On AlIgUbt 28 h a sllpp
r was held in To

LAND:\IARKS OF TuRO
TO.

923

Fonto at which complimentary addresses I she came uDder Captain Hall's ma.nagement
were presented to Capt...in M cl\Iaster and .nnrt control.. 1'1l}allY t.he Hoot> was
Lieutenant
lcGregor. of the late Volunteer I!!tr
nde:l at Vlcto;"la Pa.rk, and tJhere re-
N ,val Brigdde. At the same time an IIHH:Il"l. (18
4). ,
epergne in frosted silver and glass wa.s pre- DU
lng November I!!torm
8we-pt over the
t dt th f tl ma and a "Henrv" prOVlllce, aud oue of the wor.!'It occurred
8
n e 0 e ormer
en e n - on November 13th, when the CMpian
nfle to the latter. flohooner W8.' logt and many other vessels
On .Septembe

th there wa.s launched &t belonging tõ Hamilton, Toronto, Port Hope

akv
lIe a Balh
? ves
el known as
he anrl Ji:lttgt'lton were either di
ma
ted or
Smith and P
st. ..descnboo by the Marme r::eriomly damaged. Tha loss of life wa.
Inspector as beIng' one of the finest \"'essels not so great a.'I might have bef'n expeded.
on the lakes" She was of 300 tons bur- TWQ men were 10000t with the Ca..oian.
then. her length. breadth and depth of hold The steamers of the self-styled R"yal Mail
being respectively U8, 26 and 9 feet 6 Line h1d been remarkably free from acci-
inches. Her builder was John Potter. of dent all through the Beason. as indeed had
Oakville. and her owners were Captain all the steamers on the lake. 1\everthele.s.
\Yilliam Wilson of the Bame place. who also owing to the Fenian raid the English gun-
commanded her. and Thomson Smith. of boats on the lakes and other causes. the
Toronto, season of 1806 had been one of the most m. n-

'

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I

THE TUG ROBB.
There was a tug on Toronto Bay during I arable in the records of inland navigati 10
1866 and subsequent years named the Robb. since 1837. It closed quietly enough. though
which did good service for many yearB. She I there were not a. few who fllared that the
received her name after the man who sailed following yea.r would see fresh cause fOJ:
her. \V. T. Robb, who resided at Dunnyille. anxiety. Fortunately these gloomy antici-
where thii \"essel had been built early in pa.tions werp never realized,
the cc 8ixtie." by Geor 6 e Hardison, of the A NEW DEPARTURE.
same place. The first composite steamer built upon the
She was the property of Senator l\lcCal. lakes was constructed in 1866 in Hamilton,
ium. wh.., caused her to be built with the view and \\"as named Acadia. She mea.su.red 140x
of using her to tow timber on Lake Erie. 1 40X 12 feet, and had throu
h her peculiar
The
enator subsequently sold her to build very great carrying capacity.
Captain \YIlIiam HaU, who used her for I In 1882 forty feet was added to her length.
towin!{ rafts on the la.ke from Toronto to and she became a general
rader on the lakes.
Prescott, Shortlyaher Hall purchased the :For the most of her time she has been com-
ßteamer he adòed another deck to hel. and manded by captains of the Dam' of Ma.lcolm-
chan
ed the p,osition of the wheel house. Bon and has been very profita.ble to her
The Robb was used during the Fenian 01YllPrf'l. ::;'he M noW (US
4) tile property
troubles to con\"ey t.roops trom one part i lOr the Mackay'R of Hamilton, and ru

()f the frontier to another. Trliø was before! fro:n Toronto to Montrea.l.

D24

LANDl\IARKS
. ÜF TORONTO.

LAND
L\RKS OF TORONTO.

925

The Kin, ston Whig of April 3rd, 1867, head, which i. exactly oppollite the former
contained this notice :- port and is famoull for its ship
THE GUNBOATs.-The gunboat Hercules. building industry and for little
which has wintered in Navy Bay, moored to else. She was intended for blockade
the dockyard wharf. a.10ngaide the gunboat running, but Uthfl best laid plans of mice
Royal, is being fitted out by her crew of sea- and men gan
aft aglee. ., Befor9 ahe could
men from the Royal Nayy for the openin't make her way 10 the waters of thfl Sout,hern
of navigation, when she wiIl be stationed Atlantic the Confederate
tt.tes of America
either off Kingston or Prescott. During the had ceased to exist. and the IItar spangled
winter she was well repaireJ, having received banner once more floated triumphanslr in
new paddle boxes. &c, She cannot I e ex- eVf'ry State from the St. Lawrence to the
pected to be able to move from her present Gulf of Mexico.
quarters for two weeks at least to come. The , The Chicora was !Jon iron veslleI. her capa
Royal, which was stationed last summer off city being 518 tons, and IIhe was valued at
Cornwall, is not being fitted out this year &8
43,()(\(},
a gunboat, the Goyernment hll.ving no furtht:r The City was in this season joined by the
requirement for her on the naval senice. She Rothellay, " sidewheel steamer of
has been handed over to her proper owners, 528 tons burth
n, built by Olive. of St.
and will leMe for Montreal as soon as it is Joh,., New Brunswick, at the same place,
possible to pass through the canals. The These two IIteamers ran in opposition to
Hercules is noW the only Canadian 'tun boat the Chicora and continued to do so until the
stationed b
low the WeIland Canal. but the close of the season of 1880. In the year 1882
Imperial gunboat Heron will conlltantly the City was destroyed by fire at Port Dal-
cruise between the upP"r end of the lake and housie. The Rothellay went upon another
Prescott. route and the Chicora had the traffic, or
The foIlowin
were the officers in charge rather the daily traffic, all to herself. The
of the Englillh gunboats: Heron, Lieutenant further history of the Niagara line is fally
Solly; Britomar', Lieutenant AIlin2ton; told elMewhere.
Cherub, Lieutenant Huntley, The Provin. '1'be Xla::ara
aYIKa&loD (:0. - 1&11 Yelilleill
cial gunboats were manned from the Aurora, aad T
elr Capta1DII-1878 10 1893.
as foÏl!ows: Prince Alfred, Lieutenant D"u- The Niagara Nayigation Company began
glass, 3 officers, 1 lIurgeon, 2 enginf!ers and business in 1878, estabIillhing a line of
64 men. Rescue, Lieut. Fairlie, 2 officer.. steamers to run betwef!n Toronto, Niagara-
2 t>ngineers and 48 men. Hercules, Lieut. on-the-Lake and L wiston.
Hooper, 2officels, IsurgecD, 2 engineers and Their first vessel wall the Chicora. which
50 men. was already well known on the upper lake.,
These boats had been in chqrge of .Mr. G. and whose name wall during the first North-
H. \Vyatt, the Government agent. since west rebt'llion prominently before the public
navi"ation closed in t,he preceding au- in connection with the transport of, Cr lonol,
tumn. now Lord, \Voleeley's Red Rinr expedition.
The Chicora was a large steel side-wheel
CHAPTER CCXLVIII. IIteamer, her length being two hundred and
THE NIAGARA STEAMERS, 1874-78. thirty feet &nd her breadth fihy-two f
et;
her earl'er history is given in another por-
tion of these pages.
The firllt officer placed in command
of thi'i popula.r vessel W&S Captain
Thomas Harbottle, who for so many
yeare was in command of the Passport, of
the Royal ,Mail Lme, h i. almollt nefdlells
to say that a better selection cou d not hsve
been made, Captain Harbottle having ai-
,,'ays been a. 1Il0st popuJar man, bCliides a
clever and experit'nced sAilor.
Succeedin2 Captain Harbottle came Cap-
tain T. Leach, after him Captain J. l,jC-
Corquodale, ,hen Captain J. McGiffin. Fol-
lowing the latter came Captain W, H.
Solmes, and on the appointmen
of thÏl
gentleman to another ship Capta,in Jam..
Harbottle, a SÐn of the yesscl's fir!!t. master,
assumed the command, at the beginning of
the seallon of 1893.

An Ohlln'ltUnUon Threatened -Formidable
Oppo!lltton-Tbe New'
omer Wlnll.
The Niagara route was, as usual, taken by
the City of Toronto, under Captain .James
Dick, in 1874, she making her first trip on
April 20th. There wall no change either in
1875 until late in the season, when the City
was joined by the Southern BellE'. In 1876
the City and the Beile tormed a joint line on
the route. but a.gain in 18i7 the former had
the 1'0110<1 to herself.
In 1878 though, & .. change canl} o'er the
spirit of the scene" and the City found her-
lieU confronted with a really formidable op-
ponent, namely the Chicora which had been
running on the upper lakes for lIome years
previouoJy. This vessel had been built. in
1864 in Liverpool,at least so it is statcd but
it is far more probable that it waM in Bi;ken.

92û

L

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P. --c' OF TOROXTO.
L.\XrnI.-\ ,,\...- .,

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LA!';Dl\IARKS OF TORONTO.

927

The Chicora continued single-handed for I to the .latest addition to the company's fleet,
just ten years, until 1888, when the Cibola the Chippewa.
was plaeed upon the sa.mt: route, and The various individua.ls and firms engaged
at the same time a. flìmall steamer known in building the Cibola were as follows:-
21.5 t.h
Ongiara, formerly the Queen City, Designer, Robert Morton, Glasgow; steel
which ran on Toronto harbour, wa.s put upon hull, Dalzell Co., Dalzell, Scotland; marIn.
the Niagara River, plying from
iagara-on. engines, Ra.llkin, Blackmore & Co., Green-
the-Lake to Lewiston on the American sidll. ock; erection of hull, 'V. White & Co.,
She connected with the steamer.. plying from .Montreal; erection of woodwork, Rathbun
1loronto, Company. D"seronto; mahogany and deco-
The Cihola is . paddle steamship of the ratioD, W m. \V right & Co., Detroit; electric
following dimensions :-Extreme length o,,"er lights, Ediion Co , New York.
deck 260 tt; depth of hold, II ft. 6 in,; Of the Chippewa, which made h
r first
bre2l.dth ot beam, 28 ft. 6 in.; with over all, trip on July 26 in the present year (1893),
52 ft.; draught of wa.ter 6 f1. 6 ins. :::-he is it is all but impos3ib!e to speak too h'ghly.
built throughout of Dalzell steel which is the She, like the Clbola, is little less tI an a
best known to shipbuilden, the plates being floating palace, her appointments,machinery
sent out from Scotland by the Daìzell Co., I and general finish a.s nearly as possible ap-
each being "arranted and having the manu- proaching perfection.
facf,urer's tra.d.. mark stamped thereon. She was successfully launched at Hamil-
Her OIodel, which is specially dêsigned for toe on Tuesday, Ma.y 2nd, a.nd received her
stability and speed, is the work of .Mr. R. name from Miss Gertrude Foy, and .Miss
Morton, of Ula.sgow, the designer of some Phy\lis Hendrie.
or the fastest steamers <;n the Clyde, J he Chippewa is 3II ft. over all with a
The deck is laid with 3
inch pine, aup- total breadth of 67 it" and a depth of 13
plied by the Rathbun Company, and is a h. 6 in. She is a side wheel vessel OD the
fiue piece of work. The hull is divided Into plan of th
Hudson River steamers; her
five cl'mpartments by water tight bulk- saloon is 192 ft. long a.nd there are four larg

heads. The construction of the. yessel state rooms in birch, oak and maho
any.
wa.s commenced on May 24, 1887, in the This splendid ship was built by Mr.
shipyard of the Rathbun Company, De- William Hendrie, of the Hamilton Bridge
s
ronto, the work of erecting the hull being Company, it being his daughter who
entrusted to Mr. 'V. C. \\ hite, shipbuilder, officiated at the launch and naming of the
Montreal. The work progressed verv ca- vessel.
pidJy and on '] uesday, Kov. lat, of the Everyone in Canada knows both where
same year, the fine vessel was successfully the town of Chippawa is, and why is
launched, receiving her name from
1iss Con- is so called, but the steamer just described
stance Cumberland. . takes it!:! name not from that town, but from
The engines are the work of Mesl!rs. Ran- a famous man-of-war on the lake in 1812,
kin, Blackmore & Co., of Greenock, Scot- called after the Indian chieftain.
land, who make a specialty of fa.lt paddle Every ons, though, may not be quite as
engines for the celebrated Clyde passenger familiar with the names of the two other
steamers... '( hey are of the direct acting stea.mers just r.poken of, so a tew words of
diagonal compound type, having two cylin- explanation may be here given :-
del's 47 inches and 85 inches in diameter, the 'Vhen the Spa.niard!', about 1580, follow.
stroke being 5 feet 6 inches. ing the lead of tbeir great. compatriot,Chris.
The saloon is finished in solid mahogany topher Columbus, created settlements upon
and with the ladies' cabin prebents a hand- the southern portions of what iM now the
SOl11e appearance. United States, liOn
ent6lrprisin
adven-
Electric lights are used throughout, in tUl.ers took home to Spain the Iudian Chief
the stokeholes, In the engme rooms, for.- who at the time ruled onr the country
c&stle, etc. The dining room and main from Florida to the Mill8issippi, th.n caU.d
saloon ban three rows of lIghts down the "C HICORA," the .. Land oÏ :Flow.rs."
centre of each, encircled with cut glass and The king created the chief "Don Francesco
opalescent globes, Above the main stair- de Chicora," and gave to him and to his
way hangs a chandelier of pierced bralls introducers a rOYIloI grant of all the country
with jewelled openings and containing that bordered on the Gulf ot Mexico. Arm-
clusters of lights. ed with this th.v returned to America
Her firllt commandant was Captain Mc. and extended their enterprises acrosll
Corquodale from tbe Chicora, after him wap the Missil!ll!lippi. Reaching the plains th.y
Capta.in
IcGiffin, and at the present tim
found the buffalo and therefore called tbi.
Captain W. H. Solmell IS in command, new proyinc. which was added to their do.
Captain McGiflin having been transferred main, "Cibola," the "Land of the l:uffalg."

1:2H

LAND:\IARKS '
'
TORO
TO.

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RKS OF TORo...
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930

LAYDMARKS OF TORONTO.

What. then, could be better wben the I Tbe opposing vessel was tbe LakPHide,
Chkora called for a new si;;ter than owned by the Lakeside Navigation Com-
that tbe name of tbe sist",r province pany, wbich bad previously been runnin

f"bould be giyen ber.? Apart from the I on Lake Erie, and was und , er , command
happily fitting names, tbey are singu- of Captain 'Wigle.
larly appropriate to the boats, and it is Tbe Lakeside is a propeller and has
much to be wished that Cibola, "the I been used cl1iefly for excursions She
buffalo;" Chkora, "the pretty flower;" was built by Lane d Windsor in' 1888
and ,Chippewa, "the chh ftain," may IOJl.g her capacity being 2G7 tollS.' ,
COlltmue a successful career upon .theIr The Empress and the Lakeside contin-
roule. be
ween .Toronto and Le

.lston. ued on the same route until 18U2. when
'\\?rkmg. III tl1e ll1terest of the :\wgara a new company was formed, who not
RI

r LIlle.. .. only cl1artered the Lakeside, but built
. 1
e
rcsl'l
t presld
nt ..of
tlH' :\l
g
ra, I a new steamer of tl1eir own called the
1\avl
atlO'n
mpany. 18
ll' E rank
nllth, I Garden City; so in 1
U2, between To-

he Vlcc-pre,
ndc
t belIlg
1
, B.
r!ow
um- ronto and Dalhousie, thc,." were no l , esa
lIoerI8n<I. Mr. h. H. :\IcBrule L
aU!htor, than three steamers running, namely,
and t
e (',yer courteous secret:-,ry

llllUan- I the Empresð, the Lakeside and the Gar-
;'Iger ]'1 _\II.. John Foy. Thcll' cfhces aro den CitJ".
at 54 King- street east, Toronto. I" . "
The Cib
la n-a>! burnt wl1ile lying in I .1 he name of the shlppmg company run-
p
rt at Lewiston, .Tuly 15th, 18U5. Un- mug }
e last tw
of thes? ste'amen! \
-?S
.,wppily one lif!> wa." loot, that of the the
t. .Cat
arInes, Grlll

by and lo-
th " I . " '" II . II d h I ronto
aVJgatlOn Company.
Ir( engll1eel'. 1 HUn ammOll J W 0 " " .,
was burnt to death. The Garden City was bUIlt at Toronto
in 1ti92, by the Dot)' Company, in their

ard at the foor of Ba tl11
rst street.
he
CHAPTER CCXLIX. was intended by h
r owners, as haH just
NIAGARA FALLS LlNE-1883 TO 1893. been llle
ltioneù, to ply from Toronto to
St. Catha rines, and she did BO for the
A. Popular "f'sscl-O.tllo..ltlon Is .hc Soul remainder of that ;:year.
01" TI'nflc-.\. TI'u('(' 1
ITf'c.('fl. At the time of her launch she was
sJ1oke'n of being .. likely to prove ulle of
tl1e handsomest and most commodious
steamboats pl
'iug on Lake Ontario."
Her length over all was 180 feet, he'I'
b"am beiug 2:; anù her width over gllardd
4.4 fpet, while her depth was 11 feet and
sllC Jrew six feet of water. r\'o iron what-
ever was used in her construction. Sl1e
was of steel from stem to stern.
I!e'r decks were of British Columbia.
Douglas pine, impOI.ted expressly by the
builder!:", the Doty Comrany.
The Garden City commenced running
On the lake on June 20th, 18U2.
:Mr. John Booth is the engineer for these
ves"eh" haying been previously in the
employ of the Chatham Navigation Com-
pany, where he serveù bis articles.

essrs. N. J. Wigle and A. W. IIpplmrll
are the joint managers, and :Mr. Hmith,
I of Milloy's wharf, is agent in Toronto.
I In 18U3 the owners of the variou!:!
steamers commlted together, and it waH
ùccided unanimously that it would be
bl'tter for the public, bl.tter for the
steamers, and IJossibly evpn better for
the pockets of the BlJareholders in the
various vessels, that this reckless oppo-
sition should ceasc, so a tentutive pro-
posal of amalgamation for at a.ny ratp
the prcsent BeaSOll was made and entered
into which posaibly may be fully carriplf
out, and the boats form the fleet of one
company at a future date. Nous vc rrOll8 ,

The ::\iagara Falls Linc, foundpd in
1
83, Mr. A. W. IIeIJ'bUln, of Pieton,
being the principal pi'ollloter, was pro-
jected for t,hl' purpose of securing a, 01'- I
t ion. , at any 1".1 te. of both the f1'( igbt
and paBseng
r traffic between Toronto, I
St. Catharines and r\'inga1'a Fall:., hence I
the nallie given to the undertaking. I
Their first anll only ,"e8St'l for some
years was the Empress of India. This I
steamer is a very great fl1\'ourite with
travellers upon Lake Ontario and nl80
with excursionist!:". She has side whl'els,
IS one hunùred and eight.i fpet long over
all; bas a breadth of forty-eight feet
find a depth of upwards of eleyen feet.
She is of 353 tons burthen, and 'was
built in 18ï6 by Jillnicson, of )lill Poiut.
She bad a new boiler in 1884, was re-
built in 188G, and again bad most ('x-
tell8ive repairs made to her in ISU1. Her
present commander is Captain G, O'Brien,
and ber previous masters have been
Captaill8 Collier, Hodgins and Van Dusen.
until 1888 the Empress, for so she is
always called for brevity's Bake, was en-
tirely unopposed on her route, but in
tl1at year "l1 change Came o'er the
spirit of the scene," for wl1en the !>eason
opt-ned the proprietors of the bteamt.'r
found they were to have a rival to com-
pde with who wished also to share the
riJSks and alBO the profi ts to be gained
from the lake trade.

L
\KlnlARKS OF TOROXTO. 931

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932

LAYD
IARKS OF TORONTO.

CHAP l'ER CCL
HAMILTON STEAMBOA'-OO. '87-'93

.A Modelt Beglnnln
--A.n I;nterprl!llln,; And
Pro
re!iMlve Polley.
The Hamilton Steamboat Company was
founded in 1887 by several enterprising
business men of that city with the view of
developing l'oth the freight and palseager
traffic between t;he "Ambitious" and the
.. Queen" cities of the west.
',heir firs' venture was on tbe most
modest scale. They contented themselves
by running a E.maU steamer built by Simp-
Bon, of Toronto, known as the Mazeppa,
from Hamilton to Burlington Beach. This
.teamer has been on the same route ever
since, and is under command of Captain
Lundy.
In the following ye.ar, 1888, businels was
commenced in earnest and tile well,known
and capacious st'amer Macasla began her
daily journeys from Hamilton to Toronto
and v.ce ver!!a.
The :M aca!'lsa is a steel vessel built on the
Clyde in 1888 by Hamilton & Vo., of Glas-
ftow, and on her completion brought out
here. Her engines are of 6W indicAted
horse power, and were made and supplied by
Kemp, the well-known mechanical engineer
of Glasgow.
Her length over all is 155 feet, her width
24 feet and her depth II feet 6 inches.
She was brought out to this country by
Captain Hardy, who commanded her for the
firs1! season she ran upon the lake.
Since then, with a short interval. she
has been under commanà of Captain
William Zeeland, a grandson ot one of the
best known of the early commanderll of lake
vessels, Captain Edward Zeeland, whose
name has lepeatedly been mentioned in this
history,
In her first season the Mae&lsa proved a
great success, not only financially, but also
a.s a seaworthy and auic
t sailing vessel.
Emboldened by this success her owners
decided to brin
out another vessel, and a
larger one, and with this end in view the
Môdjeska was placed upon the stocks,
She, like the Macassc\, wall also built on
the Clyde, thou
h by another firm, Mesflrs.
Napier, Shanks & Bell, of Glasgow, whose
fame all ship builders is known throughout
the world. She was cC\nstructed in her
entire tv of ßteel and fitted with watertight
compa;tmenti!. Hpr length is 185 fe.:t, her
beam 3J feet and her depth II feet 6
inches.
Me3srs, DUDsmuir and J ar.k
on, en
ineers
of (;la.sgow, supplied her engines, which a.re
of no less than 1,800 indicated hprse power.

The first commanding officer of the :\Iod-
jeska was Captain Malcolmson, who sa.fely
brought her across the Atlantic from
the Old Country. He remained in comma ,d
that season. Since then she has been under
char
e of Captain Adam Middleton Sharp,of
Burlington,
The chief engineer for both the Macassa
and Modjeska, acd the man who had most
to do with the selection of their powerful
engines and machinery is Mr. Jamt's Smes.-
ton, in whom the steamboat company's
manager and directors deservedly place the
most unreserved confidence. Mr. Smeaton,
after serving his articles &'3 engineer'.
pupil in England, was Borne years
in the ernploy of the Allan line, being at the
time he entered the øervlce (If the Hamilton
Steamboat. Company engineer on board the
N orw.gian,
He is a direct de;r.endant of John Smeaton,
the famous engineer who designed and built
the Eddystone Lighthouse in the English
Ch!l.nnel. Of this Smeaton it is recorded
that he "for a large portion of his life was
in
onstant attendance on Parliament,
which in difficult or important engineering
schemes invariably demanded, and almost
a.lwavs followed, his advice, >, Substitute
.. Hamilton :::jteamboat CompanyÏor "Parlia-
ment ' in that sentence aud it is an apt ùe-
scription of John Smeatou's descendant,
,Tames Smeaton's, rela.tion with his em-
ployers.
,Mr,
f. Leggatt is acting president of
the Hamilton Stea.mboat C ,mpany, the presi-
dent, Mr. T. B. Griffiths, having died in
August (1893). Mr. J. B. Griffiths is the
managin
dirf-ctor, and Mr. Fergus Arm-
strong, assistant manager.
)r, G. T.
Tuckett is t :e secretary and treasurer. The
officers of the compa
y are in Hamilton,
with a branch in Toronto, At the present
time (1893) each of t.he company's steamers
make during the sea.son two trips d!Üly be-
tween Hamilton and Toronto, and vice
versa., with the l-rospect, in the future,
of more frequent journeYIJ with an increased
Beet of steamers.
.

CHAPrER CCLI.

Tbe GenerAl 1I."hry or tbe Litke Shlpp.nlr
('oaUnued - Tbf' Gunboatl - 8teamboat
nael ng,
Almost the first notice relating to the la.ke
shipping in 1867 emanated from Captain
Tbomas Dick, of the Queen's Hotel, Toronto,
on April 10th. He advertised as for sale
" the fine tug steamer Reindeer, now lying
in Toronto harbor,'
Only a few days later, though, on
lon-
day, April 15th, the City of Toront.o recom-

LAND
tARK
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934

LA
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LA
DMARKSOFTO&ONT

935

menced !ler re,_ ulO1
.daily trips from Toronto I from the club boat around a buoy an.
for Lewlston and
lRo'ara. chored off the northern elevator atUL
Navigation opened'" on the Bay of Quinte back.
about April 20th, the steamer of the same I In the boys' race which follow8à, and
name resuming there her regular trips, The I which was over the same course, only three
8teamers Rochester and Bruce in this season I boys entered, only two put in an !.I.pp
ar-
ran for the first time as a daIly line from ancf', and one of these two broke dowa.
/'elle\"il1e to Oswego. I "I most immediately,
ivlDg J. B.
lcMurrj
h
On \\ ednesday, April 24th, the Heron an easy victory.

nboat left Toronto harbor for her first 'I he last event was a double .cull race.
cruise. She had been entirely refitted during dist nce two miles. Only two crews en-
tbe winter.
ir. Curran, of Toronto, went tered-those of the Lady Ja.ne alld 8'y
with her as pilot, Boots-the former, composed of R. Tinning
On Lake Huron the Algoma resurred her and Uodfrey Donnelly, won. 'fhe race.
trips on 1\1 ay 1st and on the same day the passe.} off very successfully.
Ida Burton did likewise on Lake Simcoe, The America ran from .\lontreal to Kings-
running between Ba.rrie, Orillia and \\
ash- ton, Toronto and Roches er, carrying both
a. 0, in connection with tbe Northern RJil, freight and passengers.
way from Tmonto. The Bouquet and the Princess of \Valiðl>
The Royal Mail steamers recommenced I formed the J sh,nd ferry from Toronto to
their through journeys trom Montreal to wh01t in later years has come to be known as
Harr>ilton on April 29th. The vessels em- Centre Isla.nd. A Toronto paper, .peaklllil
ployed were the same a.s in the
'ea.r I of this spot, S3.ys II the crowds that daily
previrms. visit It are evidently bent on making iJi
Amonl" the freight steamers and propellprs the grand summer retreat this season."
between .\lontrcal and Hamilton were the JOSEPH DEN
IS' DEATH.
Ontario, Georgian, Indian, Huron, Bristol, The Tf'r. nto papers of June 19th conta.in
Ottawa. and Avon. ThE'se were all steamers. the announcement of the death at Button-
Amoo
the propellers were the .Magnet, wood, \\ eston, on June 17th, of Mr. Josepa

orth, St. Lawrcnc
and Her Majest.y. Dennis. Of him the Toronto Globe of June
The Cormthian made no change in her 19th thus speaks :-
sailing arrangements for this season. ::;he .. Our recently deceased friend, Mr. Joseph
ran as usual between Port Hope and Ro- Dennis, was brought up in tbe dock-yard tø
chester. The Osprey also pH d as hereto- a thorough knowledge of shiphUllding, w ich
fore. occupa.tion, however, he soon exchanged for
On May 17th the Toronto Globe published a more congenial one-that of sailing. Own-
the aunounct:ment that on and after the in o a vessel on the lake at thr:J outbreak of the.
following
lonèay, 1\II\Y 20th, the steamer A
eri('an war in 1812, he placed himself and
l(,othesay Ca.stle wouM commence makin
his vessel at the disposal of the Go'.ernment,
regular journeys batweel1 Toronto and and was attached to the Provincial
la.rine.
Xiagara, making two trips eaeh way daily_ In one of t e actions on Lake Ontario be
Complaillts were made that when the lost his vessel, was ca.ptured and retained a
Rothesay Castle appf'arerl on the I,iagara prisoner ill the hands of the enemy for Borne
route, racing took place between that vessel fiftt:en mont:'s. He subsequently command-
and the City of Toronto. This was soon t-d, we believe, the first steamer on the war
put a atop to. The Toronto Globe remarked LE'l'S of Lake Ontario, the Prin.:esa Charlottt:.
at the time, in refercnc8 to what must be which plied, as regularly as could be expect;.
confessed was a. most reprehensible practice: ed from a Bteamer of 50 years back, betwef::D
.. \Ve are
Iad to learn from Captain }j illoy the Bay of Quinte, Kingston, and Prescott.
that no further ra.cin
will take pla.ee an [,he For the last six anJ tHrty years :\11'. Dennis
part of the steamer City of 'l01'Ont0, be- had retired from active -pursuits retaining
tw.een this city and adjacent ports. Capta!n I till within the last year remar
able vigour.

hlloy deserves the thanks of the people 10 which, however, he taxed but lIttle, except-
at once putting a stop to a system of things ing to indulge his taste in t1shmg, of whicb
which could be productive of no good. He I:e was an enthusil\stic disciple. A man of
would have deserved more had he genial and happy temperament, o
unbending
never given any COUl1tt:nance to the thing intec'ritv, of simple tastes and methodical
at all." . habrts, he was . \ype of man fast passing
On May 24th the rO\Vlng matches of the out of this country."
Toronto Ro\\ iog Club took place on the It was rumoured throughout Upper Can
bay. The first race, for which there were ado. in ,June t: at on the folio" ing July 1st.
three (ntries, was won by Richard Tinning when the Royal Proclll.ml\t.ion anuouncin,v
in his skiff, the Orlandu. The course lay the Confederation of the Provinces as the

936

LANDMA RKS OF TORONTO.

Dominion of Canada was to be made, that I boats of the :Magnet, containing each a por-
the new Dominion would be presented with tion of the crew, were towed up to Kings-
the three gun-boats then upon the lakes, ton by the Ba.y StatE!.
the Huron, Cherub and Britomart, by the "The collision cannot be attributed t()
Imperial Government. Up to that date the carelessness, aud was entirely the result of
Canadiau GOTernment had paid the cost of accident. The Magnet was insured fOT
keeping these vesselll in repair, the other $8,000 in the Phænix, Western of Canada,
expenses being borne by :he Home Govern. and the British Americclo Assurance Com-
ment. Such Leing the conditions, it is not panies, which amount will not cover the
so very surprisin
that Canadians were not loss. Her cargo, consisting of 5,000 bushels
exactly enthusiastic over the proposed of wheat, a quantity of flour and Reneral
gift. So far &5 they were concerned, the freight, sbipped at Hamilt')n, was insured.
offer was about on a par \\ itÌ1 that made by It will be impossible to raise the boat. but
one man to another to lIupply a large party there are hopes of raising the boilers and en-
of tourist;s with draugl:t ale. The former gines to the surface."
was quite \\ illing to supply tbe people \\ ith Captain James Saulter, a m&n well-
glasses to drink from, if the latter \\ ould fill known on Lake Ontano, and until bis dl.'ath
them with ale. owner of the Isl&nù steamer Bouquet, died
Tr,e propeller :Magnet wa.s totaUy wrecked in Toronto Qn August 2tth. He was greatly
while descending the St. Lawrence on respected, and on the news of his death be.
August 15th, The following account, copied cominR' known the flags of the Tessels in
from & :\10ntreal paper of tbe time, fully harbor were placed at half-mast and rewained
describes the accident :- so un
il after the funeral.
PROPELLER MAGNET LOST, The American Express Lino ran a da.ily
"The loss of this fine freight steamer, boat from Toronto to Lewiston, Oswego,
owned by Captain F. Patterson anJ John Kingston, Prescott anù intenwJdÜ,te ports,
Proctor, Esq., of this city, i as been an, connecting with the steamers fOL' ì\lontreal
Dounced by telec:raph. She was on her pas- and the New \: ork Central Railroad for all
sage from Hamihon to Montreal, with a full parts in the United States. The steamers
cargo of wheat and flour, and, when about employed were the same as in the year
twelTe mil8s b.}low King-ston, in the St. previous, namely, the Ontario, Bay State
Lawrence riTer, on Tuesday night, she was and Cataract. .
IItruck while roundinC! "he point of an island The steamer City of Toronto in IM68 re,
by the American steamer Bav State, and sank sumed her daily journeys from Toronto to
in less than ti'!e minutE's. Both boeots Wlfe Niagar& on April 13. Thfl steamers of the
running at their re.:ular speed, and thou
h Royal Mail Line began their work on .\1110\'
all the proper lights were displayed, the Isl. For a short period the Roth
8ay
watches do not seem to have seen them dis- Castle was on the route from PI rt Hope to
tinctly rounding the point until too late to Rocht.'ster; later she ran from Toronto to
prevent a collision. Captain Patterson was Hamilton.
in the saloon of his boat cOLl\"ersing ',dth his The Princess of 'Vales made her fict!t
passengers, ot whom he had a few on board, pleasure trip of the season frolll Toronto \0
incluàing a couple of ladies, and rushed out the Island on April 10th, carrying a very
to the deck but a moment Lefore the colliiJjon large numLer of paslilE'n
el's. The Bouquet
took place. The bows of the Hay State pene- also began at the same time the ul!lual oppo-
tra.ted the side of the,); agnet abaft the en- sition traffic.
gIlle, almost cu
ting her to tne centre, The Referring to the subject of the traffic
Mai net immediately began to sink, and a between Toronto and the bland the Globe
Icene inåescribable occnrred. \Vhile the of
Jay 5th thus wrote :-
crew \\ere working hard to launch the sn1:l11 ".i'H.Ii: ISLA
D FERRY.
boats, the ladies took to the mast, hut "he " \Ye underatand that a project ia on
gentlemen passengen snowed courage. The foot in the Council to lease the privilege of
LJoats were l!Iuccessfully set afloat and the canying pas
engers to the Island The
pasl5en
rl! and crew taken aboard, only in ?it! has full pawer
n thi
dir(ction,. a
rl
time to iee t e Magnet plunge head first It IS felt that they !nIght Justly exerCIse It.
down to the bottom. She now lies in 60 feet. while the result will be a bett
r control
of water, with her topmast four feet above onr those to whom the privilege is Jtiven.
the level.
othilJg on board but life was Some talk exists of giving the exclusi.e
IIM-ed. The l'a.y State, which was only privilege to some intimate friends of cer-
sli
'htlv injured in the how, remained along- tain members of the Council without tend(jr,
sioce. offering an the assistance in the power \Ve trust such favoritism will not be at-
of h
r officers, who throughout acted mOl!!' tempted. Undoubtedly the only just pl,n

indly to the ahipwrecked person!!. The will ut: to let it out by tendi:r."

LAND:\lAHKS OF TORON'!,O.

The proþeller Dominion, used solely as
II. freinÌlt SLeamé:r from :\iontrcal to St.
Catha
ines, Toronto and the head of the
lake, was built in this year at St. Cath-
ø.rines by Shicklunafor S. Keelon. Her ca-
pacity was 370 toni, and she afterwards
proved a most useful vesseL
Another vessel, known at first as the
Hastings, was bdlt in 1868 at Montreal by
Cantin. Her ownerfl were Mesal's, Close
and other
, and her capacity was 286 tons.
She had various routes on the lakes, and
was re-huilt in 1876. She was !lgain altered
a.nd repaired in 1890, ""hen her name was;
changed to the Eurydice. Since then ::she
has run from Toronto to various points on
the lake.
The Norseman, 80 side,wheel steamer ot
42
toW!, was built at Montreal in 1868 by
Cantin, Gildersleeve, of Kin
ston, was
her oY"ner After running from Toronto to
Rochester for many seaSOllS, she was re-
built in 1891, and her lla.lhe changed to
Korth King.
The steamer Rochester (d.n th s season from
Toronto to Oswego, calling at all in'er-
mediate ports.
On Lake Huron there were few, if any.
changt-o> ; indeed the season of 1868 differed
but slightly irom that of its immediate pre-
dec
s::ior. The vessels employed, the rouLes
tiley took, and thE' officers commanc1ing
them, were very nearly the same, and hap-
pily there were no serious accidents either
on the lakes or river.
The season of 1868 bad been a. very quiet
one. and its successor was quite as much
110. The Royal :\1a.il vessels ran as u8ual
from Toronto to )lontrea1. The City of To-
ronto W&!', as she had been for so many
.eason", on \he Niagara route, and "be usual
steamers plied from Toronto Lo Hamilton,
Rochester and Port Dalhousie.
On Lake Ontario there were the two
routes, via Sarnia and Cellingwood, to the
north-we;t; but the latter was in those
days an unknown land to the vast major-
ity, even of Canadians. and had 11.8 yet reo
ceived DO attention from Europeaa emi-
gran ts.
There were very few vessels o.dded to the
lake fleet in 1869, and matters genera.lly were
in a most quiE:scent staw.
The City of Toronto began her work for
,be sea SOD of 18iO between Torl'llto and
Lewiston on April 20th. She was, 80S here-
tofore, commanded by Captain
1illoy.
ON LAKE SUPERIOR,
The following were the arrangement8 for
187U made by the various traùing lines of
steamers either departing from, or calling
at. Toronto;-
The: L<
ke Superior Royal Mail Line, from

937

Collingwood to Fort \Yilham, consisted of
the Algoma., C(
ptaiu J. H. Symes. owned
by Messrs. E,
I. Carruthers, and the Chi-
::01'11., Captain McLean, owncd by Messrs.
Milloy & Cù. These vessels ran even week
from port to port, callinsz at Owen Sound,
Sault :,te.
Iarie,
lichipicoten and in:erme-
<liate ports, They carried passengers and
mcrchandise
The Canadian X a.vil'ation Compa.ny '8 Royal
?llail through line continued a.s heretofore
to run from Montreal to Hamilton,caìling, of
course, at all intermediate ports.
The following steamers composed the line:
Spartfln, Captain Kelly; Kingston, Cll.ptain
F(I,rrel ; Passport. Captain Sinclair:
.-\ thenian, Captain )lorley: Corinthian, Cap-
tain Dunlop; Champion, Captain Car-
michael; Ban,hf'e, Captain Bailey; Union.
Captain Fairgrieve; Abyssinia.n, Captain
Estes, and :\lagnet, Captain Simpson.
One of these -stea.mers left Toronto every
morning at half-pa.st ten, a.nd called a'
Charlotte, Oswego, Clayton, Alexandria
I'ay. Kingilton, Prescott, Cornwall and Mon-
treal. and there connected with the Rich-
llieu Compa.ny's steamers for
uebec.
Even' afternoun &t two o'clock one ot ihe
above st,eamers, either the Abyssinian or
At eniau, lE:ft Toronto for Prescott, calling
at Port Hope, Cobourg a.nd Kin
ston. where
they connected with the river steamers for

lontrf'a!.
The propeller Bruno, CaptaOn Ga.skin, r&n
during the season between Montreal and the
ports on the eastern shore of Lak
H uroo.
calling at Kingston and Toronto for freigh'
for Goderich, Kincarc1ine, Port Elgin, lnver.
huron and Southampton.
The loronto Daily Leader of Thursday,
May 5th, curtly announces, under the head-
ing of ., The Islanù." that "the steamer
Princess of \Vales wiH run to the point of
the Island on Saturday at 1 p. m"
On Lake Simcoe the Emily
lay, Isaac
:May comm'\nding, commcnced her usual
summer trips on 1\180)" 2nd, leavin
Bell
Ewl\.l t for Orillillo on the arrival of the morn-
ing train from Toronto,
The Isla.nù ferry steamer Bouquet. Cap.
tain \Villiam Parkinson, bega.n making her
half hourly trips to the Is!1nd on
lay 21st.
Her proprietor, in advertising the Hailiog
arrangements for the season, tells the publio
that "the steamer hal'! been finishec1 10
a. ta.steful style and in such a mannn 1101 to
tJhsure comfort combined with safety to per-
sons wishing to visit this favorite place of
resort." They add in a postcript that ., the
11.0st liberal arrangements w1l1 be made wita
excursion and picnic parties."
The annual meeting of the Toronto Row.
ing Club Waa held 0:1
lay
nd, .\n
us Mor-

938

LAND
lARKS OF TO ROlli TO.

rilloD, M. P, being elected prt!f'ident, and
\V. M. Davidion lIecretary and treasurer.
Among the members of the committee were
John Uibh. Ridout &nd Henry O'Brien.
On June 1st the Erie and Nlaga.ra rail-
way was opened throughout for the summer
season. connecting with Buffalo by the new
iron steamer Ivanhoe, &nd with Toronto by
the steam8r City of Toronto. It wa.s adver-
tised in the daily papers as p08sessing .. un-
riva.lled attractions for excursion, fishing and
picnic parties."
A MOMENTOUS ISSUE.
On June 8th the Toronto Daily Leader,
in a leading article h8&ded "The Island,"
asks the very pertinent question, .. What
s1JalI be done to preserve the Island from
decay? Shall anything be done!" Pro-
ceedin
to answer its own question, it relates
how a trip round the bland, throu
h the
western
ap and back to the harbor,
throu
h the eastern gap, had been
made the day preTiouslV bv the gen-
tlemen composin,;{ the Harbor Trubt
and others, their object in doing so
beinsz to see what steps could be
taken to gua.rd againòlt the encroachments
of the lake, After discussing Yariou
rem' -
dies, the writer of the article conclud.es with
these carefully thou!!hs-out words: .. There
are practical men who are favorable to the
construction of a crib work at the gap
which would catch the debris which is con-
tinually washing down from Ashbridge's
Bay, and which helps to make up the
yacuum which has been made at the eastern
entrance. It seems to us that there is
much force in this suggestion, and that it
is worthy the considera.tion of the Harbor
Trust. \V e do not presume to offer any-
thin
like a dogmatIC opinion in such a mat-
ter; but we think it is worth enquiring
into, for the protection of the harbor is worth
no little expendit;ure, if it can bEl sa.ved
without detriment to the sanitary advantages
which haTe accrued from the openini of the
lap"
DEATH OF CAPTAIN RICHARDSOX.
Capt&in Hugh Richardson, for so ma.ny
years connected with the lake steamers, and
&t the time of his death Harbor Master at
Toronto, expired in that city on August
2nd, in his 87th year. He had been born in
London. England, in 1784, and waB the
second son of Thomas Richardson a \Yest,
Indian merchant. Lea\'ing school at four-
teen years of a,:{e, he went to sea, and in
1810 both he and his brother were c'lptured
in the Enclish ..:h&onel by a French priva.
teer,and he was a prisoner in France for many
vears. After his release he returned to
En-_ h,nd and emigrated to Canada in IS21.
He was appointed a HarbOl' Commissioner

in 1837, and Harbor Master "f the port of
Toront.:> in ] 852 He was always both en-
ergetic and courteous in the discharge of
his various public duties, and his dea.th,
though far from unexpected, caused very

eneral regret.
The Toronto Rowinsz Club rd.ces were held
on A ugust 13th, \\ ith the followini results:
In the Fishermen's race, for which there
were two entries, the Charm won by five
lengths, in 18 minuteB and 30 seconds.
In the competition for double scull out-
rigged boats three entries were made, and
the winning boat was the Storm, rowed by
Berry, and J. Durnan, the former familiarly
known as " black Bob."
The race for double-sculled in-rigged
boats was won by the Scapegrace, ma.nned
as was the preceding \\ inner. the Storm.
In the race for the .. Championship of the
Bay" two boats came to the starting point,
namely, the Skylark, T. Lowden, and the
Wind, R. Berry, (Black Bob.) The lat er,
after a very spirited race, WßS victoriou!1,
and everyone WRi rE'ady to admit that he
was a remarkable oarsman Rnd well deserved
to hold the position of "Champion of Toronto
Bay. "
On November 12th the various vessels in
Toronto port all had their flags at half-mast
in respect to the memory of Captain Dugald
Gray, who was for many years a pop'
ular lake captain and was on I hat day in-
terred.
Captain Symes, of the steamer Algoma.,
was a great favorite \\ ith the tr:welling
public on the upper lakes. and no less popu-
lar with the residents on Lakes Huron and
SuperIOr. At the close of the srason of ISjO
these marked the occasion by presenting
Captain Symes with a purse containing
$200 as a tokeu of appreciation of his kind-
ne
s, courtesy and attention to their com-
forts.
The :Montreal HI rahl published the fol-
lowin" statement in the latter end of K 0-
vember :-
.. LAKE ONTARIO STEAMERS.
.. The on y American stea.mers which have
been running on Lalit! Ontario during the
past season are those of the Northern Trans-
portation Company, which has just stopped
payment. If thi., company ca.nnot make an
arrangement with its creditors so as to go
on as usual next season the lake \Till be
wholly in the hands of the Canucks, so far
as steam vessels are concerned. Such is
probaiJly another effect of &. tariff which
makes everything artificia.lly dear, an.]
having all'ea(ly killed the American orcall
fleet, is now destroying' the lake trade,
The Ca.nadian proprietors have not for some
iime had much to boast of in the na.y of

LAND:\IARKS OF TOROKTO.

939

profits; but they have kept afloat, and Borne Toronto from Collingwood to the Sault St.
of them-the Inland Canadian Naviga- Marie.
tiOll Company a.mong them-are reported On the upper lakes on
differencE! in the
to have this year done a better and tllore arrangements made Was that Captain Symes
pl'ofitable husiness than in preceding sea- gave up the command of the Algoma., as-
sons. though the company has always paid suming that of the 1'lanitoha. The Lake
dividends. The Northern Transportation Superior Boyal :\lail Line consisted of the
]ine ran from Ogdensburg to all the I Chicora, Captain McGregor; the Cumber-
American lake ports, and from Oswt'go to I land, Captain Pollock; besides the new
New York. Its iiabilities are $-tOO, 000, I steamer just mehtioned.
and its assets in steamers, &c., are va.lued &t The Algoma, now under command of
$1,200,000. It is represented that the Captain Pollock, W&S also described as a
stoppage of the company, in spite oi the "Royal Mail steamer," but she appears to
low rates at which it ha.d been carrymg, ha'Ye run on her own account in opposition to
was quite unexpected. Referring again her former consort, the Chicora.
to the Canadian Inland Company, we are These four vesseJs, in connection with the
happy to learn that their vegsels are now Northern Railway from Toronto, formed a
safely houseù for the winter, the Corin- route direct from Quebec and
I ontreal to
thian having arrived here yesterda.y morn- Bruce Mines, the Sault SI;, l\Jarie, Fort
ing. As the season has gone by without William and Duluth, a.nd tor aU points in
accident, the company saves borne $10,000 Red River country and Duluth.
in insurance, &3 they have this season b en I Not only was the Bouquet annornC'ed to
their own insurers, except against fire. In [ resume her trips for the season from Toronto
order to avoid manne risks, they ha.\"e to the Isiand on
jay 24th, but she was
already pJanked the iron bottom of the joined by a new steamer, th
Perry, Cap-
Passport, so as to prevent the extreme I tain Thomas Lundy, these two vessels
dan
er of touching rocks, which is ex- making the journey four times an hour,
perienced by iron ships in channels likt: These boats were both under the same
the se of the St. Lawrence. The Corinthian I management.
and the Sparta;), which is also here, aloe to The Princess of 'Yales was, as in previo
'8
J{o to .Mr. Cantin's yard, there to be treated years, upon the same route. On M'lY 24th,
in the 8'1.me mannf'r as the Passport, so the first day of the season, no less than
that they will be brought up to the char- five thousand peop
e crossf'd from To-
Ilcter of composite ships, and such acci,lents ronto to the Island by the aid of these
a.s that of Split Rock las' year will not, it is steamers.
believed, occur again." During the summer of 1871 the California
The se&son of 18';0 had been remarkably wa. construct
d by Messrs. Butters & Co.,
free from accidents to the steamers, eitht:r the merchants of Montreal being her
on the lakes or the St. Lawrence, and this owners, For some yea.ra she was commanded
to a. great degree comp nsat d for the by Capt, ',"m. Leslie.
yery moderate &mount both of passenger and In 1880 :\lr. S,unuf'l Crangle and \V. A.
goods traffic that had ta.ken place. Geddes, of Toronto, purchased her. She
There were not many changes in 1871. tra.ded on the la.ke for some time,
he was
The City of 'foront
, alw&ys the first to re- con8iderably len_ theneJ in 1882, and ran
sume her work, began running on April from Chicago to Montreal most suc-
13th b tween Toronto, Niagara and Lewis, cessfuUy, C8opt. John 'j rowel being hE:r com-
ton. manding officer.
The Canadian N &Vig&1 ion Cflmpany's Rcya.l Like so many other vel!lsels of her kind, 8he
)Iail through line commenced between '1'0- was lost in the turbulent waters of Lake
rontoand Montreal with the Pa
sport, Cap- Michigan ï.n O
tober, 18b7. No blame was
ta.in Sinc1&.ir, on the 21st April, and she was imputed to Captain Trowel.
followed in due l!Iuccession by the King'!lton, CA.PTAIN l.\IILLOY RETIRE<::
Captain Farrell, ar,d the other steamers be- The season of 1871 was not marked by
longing to t1-}e line, The Express Fteamers, any incidents ot great importal Cf'.
aVl-
80S tbey were called, of this line ra.n between gation closed rather early, and re-opened
Ogdensburgh and Toronto, calhng on the I I somewhat lat
r than usual, the City of To-
up trip at Alexandria Bay, Clayton, Kings- ronto not nsumlllg her journ ys from
"on, Oswego a.a.d CbaotloUe, and on the down I TOI"onto to Niagara. in 18;2 until April
trip at }-'owmanville, Port Hope, Cobourg, 18th.
Kingston and Gananoque. The [{oyal Mail Line, as it still called it-
The first steamer north was the "'auÏ1unO' j lill:'lf, from Toronto to Montreal, began it.
Captain P
J. Campbell. She ran in con- aeal.'-On'ð work early in
:lIoy. There were
lIt'ction with the Northern Railway from no additions to their fleet of steamers,thou:zh

940

LAND:\lA RKS OF TORO
TO.

thev had all bee'l re-fitted and re decorated
during the winter.
A chan}!e was made this year in the com-
mand of the City of Toronto, Captain Donald-
son superseding C ,ptain
linoy, who had
for so many years sailed the vel:!sel.
On Lake Huron there were two lines of
steamers connectiug with Toronto; one ran
from Sdornia in connection with the G. T. R.,
the steamers hei.n
the Manitoba and Arca-
dia.. The other line sailed from Colling-
wood a.nd consisted of the Cumberland, Chi-
cora. Franc,s
mitÞ at.d Aìgoma. 'I hey ran
to all ports on the lake, ca.rrying both ftoeight
a.nd passengera.
Of the propellers or freight uoat.s running
between Montreal and Hamilton the prin-
, ipal vessi:ls wert: the Dommion, which ran
to St. CathaI"Ínes; the Dromedary, :\Iary
\Y ard. America, St. Lawrence, Da.lhousie
and East.
On Lake Simcoe the Emily :May continued
to run in conuection with Northern Rail way
trains from Toronto via I:ell Ewart to Orillia.
The annual meeting of the Toronto Row-
ing Club was held on May 7th, when Mr.
Angus )lorrison was appointed president
and \\. M. Davidson secretary.
The steamers forming the ferry between
Ioronto and the Island were, as in the
yeat' previously, the Bouquet and .Princess
of Wales.
The following notice ot the death of a
Canadian, who was in H. )1. naval service,
appeared in the ..roronto Daily Globe of April
3th, 1872:-
.. Drowned at se.a in the Atlantic Ocean,
130 miles west of the COi\St of Portugal,
on the mornin2 of Friday, :March 8th,
William Adams Jukes, R. N., sub-lieu-
tenant in charge of cadets on board of
H,
I. steam friJ!ate Aria.dnc, and eldest
son of Dr. A Jukes, of
t. Catharines,
Onta.rio, in
he heroic effort to save the
lite of a seaman who hRd fall
n over-
board from the main tOD cross 5rees in a
(Yale of wind. Brave
nd self dl'voted to
the last, he perished in the perform3.nce of
the hi
heilt duty (\Í humanity, in the 23rd
year of his age, and dit-d a true sailor.
"Greater love hath no man than this
that a man lay down his life for hIs friend."
Young Jukes had pa.ssed his early da.ys
on the shores of Ld.ke Ontario, and was
famous for his love of the water and aquatic
sports.
The regatta of the Toronto Rowin
Club
took place on Saturday, August 10th.
The committees of tne club had spared no
pa.ins to afford a.ccommodation to competi-
tors, as well as .pectators. :\lr. George
Hawthorne a.dopted an excellent pla.n for
Luoying the course, tha.t of ha.ving barrels,

withgood high flagstaffs placed tnrough them,
the barrels heing on floats of planks placed
crosswise. The steamer N orsema.n, with
the Queen's Own band on board. was ('ha.r-
tered by the club for the use of its members
and their friends, while tuge J. S. Cla.rke
and the Ontario rendered good servir:e, the
former in clea.ring the track, and the latter
I\S Judges' boat. The bay was ail usual
crowded hy small boats, but the progress
of the competing boats was not so much im-
peded as in former yea.rs. At 11:15 Mr. T.
S. birchall started
TIlE YACHT BAOE.
This was one of the best contested and
most i.nteresting races tha.i ever took place
from Toronto harbor, and the following ac.
count from one of tho daily papers of the
time will probably provo interesting to
rea.lers.
Flye yachts were entered for thosp.
of the first-cla.ss and there were four
I5tarters :-
"The Goriha left Cobourg in time to reach
Toronto for the start, but light anrl baffling
winds kept her back, and she arriv
d here
late in the day.
"The Ina,Oriole, Ripple, and Brunette got
away in the íol1owin
orùer :
"The Brunette led off, closely followed by
the Ina, which crossed the line a few lengths
behind bel', and the run to the Elevator buoy
Was very interesting. The Erunette held her
pOilition, the In.1 han 6 ing on to her quarter,
while the Oriole came after them In magnifi-
cent style, every 5Iail filling, and dashing the
spray from her i ows, while the Ripple was
astern and evidently out-sailed. on account
of the lomp:\ratively light win, which
favored. the yachts with the greatest spread
of canvas. The Elevator buoy was
rounded in the following order: Bru-
nette, Ina and Oriole. As the Brunette
jibed around, the Ina came sweeping along
a.nd jibed over, and as the,yachts were uot a
len
th apart the sight was a very pretty OUE.
'I he Oriole followed in cloSE: order, and well
together they sped aw'J.Y down the bay tc
the Marsh buoy. This was an interesting
stretch, the yachts all bein
able to lay their
course directly for the huoy. The lna en-
deavored to go to ",inùward of the erunette ;
but found that this would not do .\lId bore
away to her leeward, and as the wind fresh,
ened the Ina evidently was picking up and
passing her. The Oriole, ho\\ ever, 'showed
her heols' to both the sloop yachts on this
run. as sh" pas3ed down the bay in fine style.
and reached the buoy about a len
th ahead
of the Ina. The
larsh buoy was rounded
in the following order: Oriole, Ina, aud Bru-
nette. The run to thg 6tarting bldoy was a
pretty sight, the Ina. gradually årawlllg

LAND.MARKS OF TORONTO.

941

..head. (\f the Oriole, whi1e the Brune'tc wa.s Kelpie, of Hamilton. Time, 4b, 5min.
making good time 8.!\ttrn. K either yacht l6sec.: Kate, 0,1 kville, 2nd, time,4h, 7min.
was able to make the buoy, and the lna lOse,::.; ""andereI', 3rd, Toronto, no time
tacked across the bows of the Uriole, and tak n. In the third. class race, for a cup
passeù the buoy first; the Brunette slipped and money, value $30, the John A., owned
past tt.e Oriole, owing to her moving in by J. CLen,iining, Toronto, was the winner.
stays more lapidly than the heavy schooners, 'L ime, 4h. 27m in, 33sec; Spray, (G1o. \\'0.1'\1'
and was second past the buoy, the Oriole be- TOl"Onto) 4h. 33min, 28sec. The time oi the
in" third. The Ina pointeò for the
limico Snowdrop is not given, so it is to he pre-
.P
int buov, and with main-sail, top-sail, sumeà she came in very much astern"
stay-sail,
nd jib and top sail set, she bowled In the Rowmg Club conJpetitiou the first
along wIth a long lead out of the bay, the event was for double-sculled outriggers, the
Brunette following second, and the Oriole prize offprE'd being one of $50.
coming after at a ra.tUing pace, '1 he Ina. Two boa.ts started, the Quebec, of
lon-
greatly inereaeed her lead on the run up I treal, manned by G. C. Tyer and J. B.
to ')limico Point and rounded the buoy Grey, stroke; and the La.chine, of l\Ion-
seven minutes ahead of the grunette, which treal, E. D. Boswell ,md J. Phillips, stroke,
was second, with the Oriole ell se behind The result was a. .. walk over" for the
nero Off the light house all the ya.eht. were Quebec, the Lachine becoming disabled
becalmed for some little time, until at yery early. in tbe race.
last a breeze al!swt'red the prayers ()f the In the FishermEn's race, the boats Jenny
yachtsmen, and the Mimico Point buoy and Lady Jan3 cont,ested for the prize of
was rounded &s follo'\ s :-Bnmette, Ina and $2.3. It was won by the former, the time
Oriole, The Ina and Uriole rounded the I being seventp.en minutes thirty seconds, ju.'
buoy at the same momtlnt-and as the Oriole one minute Mond ten seconds less than that of
swung around and covered up the Ina with the Lady Jane.
her great spread of canvaEl, tohe latt8r In the double sculled in-rigged raee, three
loet head\\ay and drifted down upon the boats entered, namely, the Dolly Vardon,
buoy, thus losing several minutes in getting the N ouff Such and the DÏ!!nity. The race
olear and an ay. The Brunette pointed tor was won L.y the first boat, fifty seconds
the home buoy, and the Orioie made excel- a.head of the Non
uch.
lent time after her, while the Ina brought up The c
lampionship of Cntario, for the belt
the rear. The Gorilla came int
the harbor and ::;:25, was a walk oYer for Mr. Eo D.
just before the Oriole, and at this time the Boswell in the Blonde.
sight was a beautiful one. Four of the finest One of the pleasant incidents of the day
yachts in the Dominion were running free, connected with the regatta wa.'! the
within short distance of each other, \\'ith all presentation of a dia.mond ring by the
sail set, and they presented a sight which members of the Rowing Club to Mr, \Y_ 1\1.
delighted every yachtsman. The Oriole Davidson, for eight years the secretary, a'
gained on t he Gorilla and Brunette a.lso, pass- the Queen's Hotel, a.t an entertainment
o'
iug down the bay, giving her owners a great up for the purpose. Colonel Shaw, (U. H.
deal of pie"sure, The winning buoy wa.s Consul), presided, and
lajor Arthurs, Q. O.
passed ill the following orller :-Brunette R., with about fifty other gentlemen, were
l&t, Oriole 2nd, and Ina third. As the Ina present, including the members of the Mon-
rounded past the winning buoy her crew treal crew and
lr. .-j obn F. Gibson, of the
:..ave three hearty cheers for th3 vic- Quebec Yacht Club. After the toa.ata
torioua Brunette, which were returned with of "The Queen," "l'be President of the
a will Ly those on board of the latter yacht. United States," "Our Visitors from
"The Brunette,modelled by P. McGleban, Other Clubs," had been
iven and responded
of
ew York, the modeller of the Ina, to, .Mr, A. E. Smith ma.de the presentatiOn,
wa.s of 35 feet keel and 14 feet beam, which Mr. Davidson acknowledged iD ap-
The time consumed in sailing the race proprlate terms.
was :- During this season the Norseman, a new
JlS. MIY. SEC. a.ddition to the steamers on the lake, rail.
Brunette........ ..........4: 55 46 from Toronto so Rochester.
Oriole. . .. . . .. .. ........... 4 56 48 All the vessels of the through line to Mon-
Iao.. . . . . . . .. .. ......... 4 59 20 treal also called there. These vessels, or
"It will be seen that when thetim
allowed some of them, also formed a daily line from
for the difference in the tonnage of the Or- Hamilton to Toronto.
iole and In/\ is calculated, the latter boat was A lamentable accident occurred '0 the
in reality second. steamer Kiugston in the autumn of 1872,
'"The second.dross prize of
150 for yachts anù she bec,
II;e a total wreck in the watera
of the second-class was won by the \Vatcr of the St. Lawrence.

L

(\}<' TOROXTfI.

A:
TnL\ TIhf;
í-',,:9. L

LAND:\IAH.KS OF TORONTO.

913

During the season o
1872 a !Screw I bee!l wrecked .the previous autumn, had been
steamer, which ha..:; attalllcd great POPU- I ent
rely re.bullt and re- appeart:d as the Ba-
larity, a:ld deservedly so, the Ocea,n, va;lan. , . .
a vessel of 350 tons burden, was bmlt Three of the fre ght boat hnes runmng
at Port D.\lIiousie. Her length over from .Montreal to Toronto and Hamilton
an was 14) feet, her breadth 27 fe t, with I amalgamated this scason and formed what
a d
pth of hold of II feet 6 inches. Her I wa.s known as the
Ierchants' Ont .rio Line.
íÌ..st route was fcom Montreal to Chicago, I Their fleet consiated of eleven propdiers,
and she continued there until 1882, her com- three of them new.
man ding officer being Captain Mc
lau
h. The firms forming this line were Messrs.
::-hc then went to Lake Superior to carry Jacques, the i\Ïerchants' and the \Vel:'tern
rails for the C. P. R" and continued at that Express
worñ. until 1886, when she was placed upon Direct frei
ht as well 80S passenger service
the route between St. Catharine!!, Toronto between
lontreal and the \Yestem States
and :Montreal. For a short time she re- was secured by the lake and river steam-
turned to Lake Saperior, but in 1888 again ship line r.onsist'mg of eleven vessel
.
came liack to Toronto and resumed her old Their route was from Montreal to Chicago
rou te. direct.
In 1890 she was sold to Mr. 'V. A. On the upper lakes there Wa.1 no change
Geddes, of Toronto, and placed up(\n the in the steamers that ran from Collingwood.
route between Hamilton, Toronto aud Mon- The \Vaubuno, a. vessel previously men-
treal. Her present captain (1893) is Hiram tioned, a.nd which hdd L een on Lake
Vaughan. John P. Tower!> previously com- Huron for some iittle time, alsfI ran
manded her. This veasel was built by An- from Co1lin
wood for the Sault Ste, Marie,
drews for Sylvester Nedon, of St. Cath- Parry Sound and PenetangUlshene. She
arine;;. was commanded by Captain Campbell o.ud
In lock 5, of the \V elland Canal, .T ohn rau on her 0,\ n account..
SimpRon, the well-known ship-builder, con-
structed in 1872, for the Lake and Ri,"er
Steamship Company, the well-known freight From Sarnia, in connection with the I}.
steamer Lake Michigan. AbJut the same T. R., the ste ,mers ManitoL
, (afterwards
time were also buLt the two sister steamers, I the Carmona), and City of l\Jontreal formed
Lake Ontario an l Lake Erie. They were a line irom Montreal to Fort Garry, or,
all of the same or nearly the s
me dimen- as it WIloS just being called, Winnipeg.
sions, namely, 140x37x12 feet, and wcre en- I The history of the Manitoba will
gaged in the general trade of the lakes. be found later Qn. when she a.p-
The f .ake Erie was lost near Green Bay ' I p
ar8 as the Carmona..
Lake Michigan, ill 1882, and the Lake On- The other vesllel the City of Mon-
tario was burned in 1890 at Clayton. I treal, wa.s built in Chatham in 1873,
The Columbia wa:; built in 1872 by Robert. and was .. vessel of 220 tons burdcn.
son, of Hamilton, for Butters & Co., of Mon- t-'he cont1nued to ply upon Lake Huron
trea.l. Shlil traded upun the great lakes. until 1876, 'when at the close of that

he was of liIimila.r dimensions to the Lake season she was taken to Toronto. Her
Michigan and sister ships and was a very route from '77 to '78 was between 1'0-
grea.t succesi. ronto, Kingston and Oswego. In 1879
When
lessrs. Hut ers & Co. ceased bu!!!i, she ran frofO Cleveland to Port Stanley,
nes!!!, this ves!liIl reverted to the Merchants' being in these years under the command of
Hank, who sold hlilr to .Mr. Fairgneve, of the late Captam Thomas Lea
h, For 110 vEry
HamHton. Captain James :\lalco.mson was short time in 1878 she had run from Col
in command of her for several years. Her Iingwood to Chicago under Captain Pa.r-
e,ld was a very sad one, She was wrecked. Ions, but this was a. mere interlude in her
IIond a grea.t numbel of her cr...w perished on history. Donald Milloy was concerned with
Lake Mich:gan in the year 1884. Captain Leach in the ma.nagement and owner-
The season opened in 1873 on April 17th, ship of this vessel. 1\ bout 1880 she wa.s
the Toronto making her first trip to Niagara turned into a. steam barge, and very shortly
on that date. afterwRIås was totally wrecke 1.
The steamers belonging to thc Royal Mail Between Toronto and Rochester the
Line did not begin their trips until the early I Norseman made daily journeys, while the
pa.rt of May, A new stea.mer, known a.s the Silver Spr&y, under Captain James Dick,
Egyptian, built during the autumn and win- I wa.s on the route from the former city to
ter of the preceding- year, was launched and Port Dalhousie.
added to their flt:et. while the Kingston, Captain Moe succeeded Isaac May in the
which. as has beeD already related, had command of the Emily MIJ.:>' Oil Lake Simcoe,

THE FREIGHT STEAMERS.

9i4

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

and in the steamers runnin
from Toronto I of her day and had a good trade on the
to the lsland there were n") changes. lakes. In 187; Captain Cran
le and W. A
A very sa.d accident occurred to the Geddes, of Toronto. purchased her and em-
yacht Sphinx a.t tbe end of A ugust. As ployed her &oS a trader between Toronto and
she was returning to Toronto, while ofl' Ogdeusburgh, forming a route in connection
the Humber, a sudden squall struck and with the Northern Railway between Chicago
capsized her. Three out of four of those and the New England States via Colli
.
who were on board of her, all young wood. For five years everything went
men, residents in Toronto, were drowned, .. merry .-.s a marriage bell," until the
Only one escaped. I U mted States Government by puttmg what
A famous lake vessel, known as the Persia, certainly seems to be a forced interpreta-
was placed on the lakes in 1873. She was tion upon the \Yashington Treaty, put a
built by Simpson, of St. Catharines. Îor stop to what had proved for the Cuba's
James
Jorris, of the same place. and ran owners a very profita.ble enterprise.
he
from St. Catharines to Montreal on the "up then ran from Chicago to Montre:!l, and
trip," calling at Toronto. Her c..mmander continued upon that route until 1892.
was Cap tam John H. Scott, one of the most 1n 1893 she was placed on the route from
efficient, and a.t the same time most popu- Hamilton to .\Iontreal, where she still re-
lar, captains on the lake. It was said of mains. Her commanding officers have been
the late Earl Russell that he considered Captains Crangle and Ewart.
himself capable of driving a four-in ,hand, Another new vess
l appeared on the upper
· commanding the Channel fleet,' or gov- lakes \\ ith the opening of the navigation in
erning the country at any time. Captain 1875-the Celtic-built by Archibald Ro-
Scott might not be as versatile an indi- bertson, of Hamilton, in 1874, Her length
vidual as Earl Rus!'ell considered him
e:if was one lmndrt'd and forty feet, her breadth
to be, but he could tell a good story-pre, thirty-senn, and her depth twelve feet.
serve the best of discipline among his crew- ITer route was on the upper lakes. She was
do his duty to his employers, and I'e cour first commanded by Captain Taylor and af-
teous and attentive to his passen!lers a.t all terwards by William Cavors. Whilst
times. en
aQ'ed in carrying freight on Lake
LAKE SIMCOE STEAMERS. Erie she came into collision with an
In 1874 the :Norseman wa
as usual on the American vessel, and was totally wrecked
route from Toronto to Rochester. in :\lav, 18[12
A new steamer, known as the Clyde, Cap- The
\Y. :Seymour. A. ðf. Macgregor, ma.s-
tain Ellil" plied from TorOl
to to Port Dal- ter, also left Collingwood for tlH' Sault Ste.
housie, and wal!! a.lso used occasionally for 1I1arie every Thursday.
excursions to other place.. The \Y aubuno also ra.n from Collin2;wood,
On Lake Simcoe the Lady of tha Lakes, proceeding to Parry Sound and Pen
tan-
Captain Moe, supplanted the Emily May. guishene. The SIlver Spray ran from the
It seems str:Lnge that in such a. cOll1para.- same place to Owen Sound and also made a
tively short period as forty yf'ar! there weekly trip to French River.
should have been such a number of steamers The Grand Trunk Railway's Sarnia line
on Lake
imcoe. There ha.d been no less in thia year consisted of three vessels, the
than seven, namely, the Beaver. :Simcoe, Maniroba. Ontario and Quebec They ran
Peter Robinson, Morning. J. C. Morrison, to Fort \Yilliam, Duluth and Fort Uarry.
Emily May, and last of all the one just men- The Windsor and Lake Superior Lin',
tioned, No less than seven,where the work I Georga Campbell, \\ïndl!or; Sylvester
was of the very lightest. I Neelon, M, P. P.. St, Catharines;
In
onnection with the G. T. R at Sarnia J. C. Graham, St. Catharines, pro-
from Toronto were the steamers Ontario and. prietors, consisted of the new steamer!!
Manitobc. Asia and Sover
ign, forming a weekly
On the Island route, that is, on Toronto line between \\ïndsor and Duluth.
bay. plIed the P.incess of 'Vales and the The steamers Sovereign and Asia left. \Yind-
Uouquet. while another ferry steamer, called sor on ..Iternale 'Thursdays, at 10 am.,
thE' Perry, c, ran wild, " that is, was at the calling at Sarnia and (weather permitting)
service of anyone who would hire her. aU Lake Huron ports, for Bruce ,Mines, Sault
The first steamer of the season of 1875 8te. l\larie and north shore ports on Lake
arrived in Hamilton April 28. She was the Superior, Silver Islet, Prince Arthur's Land-
Dromeùary, of the La.we and River Steamship ing, aud Fort William, making close con-
Line, loaded with flour. uections with the Dawson route, and at Du.
In 18i5 Powers. of Kin
tont built for luth connlilcting with the N. p, R. R. and
John Proctor, of Hamilton, the well-known steamers on Red River for Fort Garry.
ilte
mer Cuba. She was the larJZest carrier From Collingwood, what was called the

LA
])
L-\RK
OF TORO:!\TO.

"t:

ç

t-

,

,/
Î /

9J5

r
-----0/

946

LAN D)lAR KS O
TO L
ONTO.

Lake Superior Line, or, the Pioneer Route, some of the excursionists, whil(' they had
consisted ot the sido.whcel steamers Frances found theit" trip decidedly .. novel," had

mith, Cumberland and Chicora. One of grave doubts as to its bcing" plea.sant."
the S' eamers of this line left Collingwood BII t probably these reports came f1.om those
e\'ery TUés.fay and Frida.y for Fort \Villiam who could not get tickets!
aud intermediate po
ts. But the owners of the ferry steamers
St:CO
D ROTIU;SAY CASTLE \Yaterto\'Vn and Bouquet did not mean" the
The new RothE:say Castle made her trial schooner John Bentley," even if aided by
trip on
lay 1:3th, hel. route being from the s
eamer \Y. T. Robb, to have all the
Toronto to Nia arB.. She W,IS one hundred fun to themselves, for they in an adver-
and ninety-five feet long by t.\ euty-four tlsement WhICh, though but of forty words,
wide, and was licen.::;ed to
arry seven occ.lpied nearly half a column of the papers
hundred pa.ssengers. I of the day, announce on August 14th :-
A small steamer called the \Yatertown "Grand DIsplay of FIreworks to-night
made daily trips from Toronto to the Hum- on the west point of the Is and. Steamers
bel', while the Island ferry steamers were \Vatertown and Bouquet every half hour
the same as in previou:; years. from Hamilton's and Canada Southern
'The Picton ran on th" Port Dalhouilie Wharves to see the Fireworks. Be sure a.nd
route throughout the entire season, and t e take your ticket by the above steamc s."
Korseman to Rochester. On August 9th an accident ha.ppened
In It)'j6 some of the lines were enlarged, to i;he '>> ater-works ill Hamihon. &nd the
and some vessels that had previously been city's supply of water was for (1, brief
run on the various routes independently period interrupted. A few days later a
amalgamated with other (,iStablished lines. Toronto paper cruelly remarks :-
There was, in fact, a decided m.ove in the " The Hamilton corporation refuse to pa.y
direction, not of diminiiShiDg the steamers, for the lager beer consumed during the break
but of minimizing the competition, 1ll the water supply on W eclncsùay."
The Empress of India, a steamer built at Burlington Bay all arounll t.he Hamil-
,Mill Point, made her fir::!t appearance this tonians, and yet" not a drop to drink. 'J
season, being chiefly useù for excursions On August 10th the Boyal Mail steamers
from Tnronto to various places on the lake. 'H
re unable to run the Lachine rapids on
The changes on the npper lakes were very account of the amoke from the bush fires
slight, excepting such ail have ju::!t been re- l'hi8 was an occUlTenoe all but unprece-
ferred to dented from such a cause.
The steamers plying to the Island from TilE PHILADELPHIA REGATTA.
Toronto were the Princess of \Vales,Bouquet Toronto came prominently to the front
and \Yatertown, though the latter also ran at the International Regatta held at Phila.
to the Humber. Civic holiday came in To- delphia in th:B, the centennial year of the
ronto on :\londay, Augu::!t 14th, and Imlependence of the United States. Hanlan
among the amusements provided was one was the victor in the rowing m!l.tch against
of a decidedly unique character. PerhapB all comers. On his return to Toronto the
it would be as well to e:ive the arlvf!rtise- plucky and victorious oarsman was honored
ment a. it appeared at the time annûuncing with a pub1ic receptií>n,
the a.ttraction :- The CoJIingwood LIDe in 1877 was slightly
"Civic Holidav. The most Növel and altered. the City of Owen Sound, a new
Pleasant Excul'Bion of the Season, on Mon- IIteamer, appe..l.ring on the route, The otÌler
day, August 14th. The schooner John two vessels were, as in 1876, the Frances
Bentley, the largest vessel on LaKe Ou-
mith and the Cumberland.
tario, will .-nake a grand excursion to Nia. The Silver Spray anù the \Y. Seymour
gara, under !lail, and in tow of the steamer ran as in the preceding SCMon, and th

"". T. Robb. Will le..\'e the Canada Southern Belle and Waubuno plied from
Southern Dock, foot of York street, at Collingwood to Sault Stc. M.arie, Parry
8.30 a ID. Returning,
\"ill leave Niagara Sound and Peneta.nguishene.
at 4 pm., arriving in Toronto about 7 p.m. The North-west Transportation Company
F,.re for th8 round trip 50 cents. Children consisted of the steamcrs Asia, Ontario a,ld
ha.lf-price. ...\cconllnodation will be very Quebec. T
e name oÏ the company IS sufñ-
complete In the evening a moonli
ht ex- cient to indicate the route of their ves-
cursion. Bels.
"The Band of the Toronto Musicians' As- Tbe Norseman had & rival on thc Roche".
Bociation is engaged for t:le occasion." tel' route this Beason, as the City of 1\1 on-
History is mute about this excursion, treal also made bi-weekly trips from Toronto
bu' there were da.rk rumors afloat in To- to Rochester and Oswego.
rO,lto on the morning of August 15th '-hat The Toronto ferry atea:ners were the

947

LAl\D
IARKS OF TÛROXTO.

Princess of
r ales to the Island; the Bouquet
to the same place ; the \\. atertuwn to the
Humber and
1imico. The Empress úf India
also made constant excursions on the lakes.
The following advertisements will show how
keen the competition for traffic was at the
period referred to. They ran thus ;-
"Picnic Partie
and Passengers Attentiùn !
The "teamer .Prmcess of Wale,; wIll leave
:Mo1Vat'nrharf daily at 10.30 an111,30 a.m.,
until further notice. Pure air. JOHN
". ALSH, Master, See. aod Treas."
"Empress of India., Humber, 25c;
Monday and Frid y, 10 30, 2 and
4: ; Tuesday, 10,30, 2, 4 and 6 Oak ville,
5Oc,j Wednesday, 9 and 2 o'clock;
aturday,
8 and 2 o'clock. Hamilton and Burlington
Beach, 50c,; Th ursday, 8 a. m.; re turning
leaves at 4 p, m. sharp. See posters. Fami-
ly tickets for sale Friday-
loonligh' Ex-
cursion at 8 f. m. Band in attendance. C.
J, Mc....uAIG, Manager."
AIr.ong the season's specialties were the
excursions to Niagara. These were thus an-
nounced ;-
"50 Cent Excursions to Niagara, every
Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday After-
noon. Quickest TIme, Two Trips Daily
between Toronto and Buffalo. Southern
Bclle leaves York street wharf for Niagara
at 7.15 a.m. and 3.15 pm.. connecting with
Canada Southern for the west, als.. at Bridge
and Buffalo for the east, aliowing 4: hours
in Buffalo, and returning same day. Return
tickets at reduced rates to 1\ iagara, Niagara
Falls aud Buffalo."
The Sarnia line was precisely the same
as in 1876, there being no alteration of any
kind.
Early in January, 1878, Mr. Har-
bor 11 aster Carr, of Toronto, in
his report to the Harbor Commission,
says ;-.'It is to be hoped that the
corporation will proceed with the building of
the contemplated Trunk or Receivmg Sewer
along the front of the cit.., as a recrptacle for
aU the pr
8ent sewage nuisance running
into the different slips and polluting the
1Vatera of our harbor, 801..0 leavin
considera.
ble deposits of filth, which the Harhor Trust
have to dredge out. Should this very im-
portant work be cauied out, tne waterR of
our har:,or will becomE> puritit:d by the cur-
rent;i which are continu lusly passing between
the western and eastern channels, affordin

our citizens the. opportunity oÏ enjoying
healthful recreatloll on the water of our
beautiful bay. '
THE CO:\IPETI
G CO:\lrA
IES.
The! K orth-\Vest Transportation Go, (Ltd.)
c:onsibted thi8 season of five: I:!teamers, one of
which left Sarnia every Tuesday and.Friday
at 10 p.:n. &nd Wiudsor every Friday at 9

a.m. carrying the Canadian mails, in con
nection with the Grand Trunk,Great Western
and Canada Southern Railways. These
first-class and powerful ate
lIera left
Sarnia at 10 p. nL, and Ooderich.
Kincardine and Southampton the fol-
lowing morning for Bruce Mines,
St, Joseph's bland, Sault Ste. :\iarie,
Silver Islet, Fort William and Duluth,
making clo
connections with Northern Pa-
cific Railway and Kitson's Red River
steamers for Fort Garry.
These vessels were the Quebec, Manitoba,
Ontario, Asia and ::3overe:igó.
The Collingwood steamers were tne City
of Winnipeg, City of Oweu Sound, and our
old friend the Frances Smith; also the
N ort.hern Belle, N ortbern Queen and \V au-
buno,
From Toronto to Ogdensburgh the
steamers Armenia and Cuba ran on alter-
nate days. They were chiefly for freight,
but carried also 0. great numLer of passen-
gers.
A new steamer, the Oswcgo Belle, ran
this year from Toronto to Rochf:ster and
Oswego. She left Y onge street wharf every
Tuesday and Friday at 8 p. m.
The Empress of India was this year in the
hands oÏ a firm styling themselves, not alto-
gether inappropriately either, their vessel
being an "Empress," the Imperial Naviga-
tion Company. They or
anized excursions
to Burlington Beach and
Hamilton. .\limico
Grove, Whitby, Oshawa and Bowmanville,
Brant House and to Oakvi!ie.
From Toronto to Victoria Park, the new
summer resort on the eastern side of the
city. the steamer F. B. Maxwell made dailv
journeys. Thi::. steamer was oni.- launched
this season,
The Watertown ran to Mimico; the
Tmnsit, St. Jean Baptiste, (this vessel after-
wards became the Sadie). Golden City. Ju-
liette and Bouquet to the Island opposite
to Toronto
The Princess of \Vales was also still upon
the watCls of Toronto Bay, and C01.l.tinued
there until 1882. In 1883 she met with an
accident and was sunk near the Queen's
wharf. She was ra.ised, taken to Oakville
and l'e-built. As the Generel W olse\ey she
re-appeared on the upper lakes ill 1885,
allù a little later was burnt at Fire
Island,
The Picton was on her usual route to Port
Dalhousie. under Captain
lcCuaig.
In connection with the Great \Vestern
Railway between Port Stanley anå Cleve-
land, after 8th
Iay, the fast upper cabin
side wheel stpamer Saginaw lett Port Stan-
ley ou Tuesd&.y, Thursday and Saturday of
each wp.ek, 011 arrival of the train leavin2'

948

LAX D)lARKS OF TOHONTO.

Toronto at 125:5 p.m : Hamilton 2 5:5 p.m" ' I self by clinging to his upse& boat. No delay
and London 6.35 p Ill. reached Cleveland took place III fishing out the poor ïdlow
early the followin
morning, making con- who, wrappeù in a great coat,
as
oon
nections there with trains for Piitsbarg, ensconced in a. warm engine room. Everyone
Dayton, Columbus, Kewark, Cincinnati and felt great sympathy for the unfortunate
other points in the State of Ohio: return- oarsman, those who ha.d Lef!n harde>,t on
ing, left Cleveland at 9 pm. on Monday, him for his actions before the start bl'ing
\Vednesùay, and Friday of each week, ar- as genuil'elv sorry at his mishap as
riving at Port Stanley early next morning, I those who were his wumesL supporters
and maùe connection with all points reached I throughout.
by the Great \Vestern Railway system.
leantime Hanlan, after seeing that Ross
The great race between ROBs and Hanlan was safe, went over the course, turning t,he
for the sculling championship took place at I stake boat, it is said, in 17 min. 17 sec.,
Rothel!!a.y, N. B., on July 3ht, Hanlan bein
though onother time made it 15 min, 55
the victor. .Mr. Sheriff Ha.rding acted as see" which would be a iull minute almost
.tarter, and at three minute. pa.t fiY'e fa.ster than the fa.stest. time on record over
o'clock put the warning question to the dead water. The champion pulled back at
men, but Ross being not quite ready It was his leisure, finishing in 37 min. 03 sec.,
a second or so before the word "Go" was official time, priva.te timinJ{, hOWeVel", giv-
given. Both men, amid the wildest enthu- ing him credit for having done the five miles
aiasm, I!!truck tbe water simultaneously. It in 36m, 588. Thus ended what, look at it
w&s difficult for on-lookers to tell if any in every way we can, was the most disap-
advanta
e ha.d been secured by either pointing and unfortun9.te race ever roweù,
during the first four strokes, It is, however, the Renforth race not excepted.
generally conceded, on the testimony of those On August 2nd Hanlan and his trienùs
who were favoreù with a lateral \'iew. that I left in the steamer City of Portla.nd for Port-
Ross had just II. little the advantage at first. land,
laine. A very large crowd gathered
This is reasonable, for the atroke wbich he to see the champion off, and he was loudlv
pulled was considerably faster than Han- cheereù as the steamer left the wharf. .
Jan's, and was favorable to a terrific pa.ce for 80 1
lessrs. Da.vi. and \Yard, Oll behalf of
short distllnce -much fas' er than is likely to the Hanlan Club, published a card returning
be made by Hanlan's long sweep. The men I thanks to the citizens of St. John for their
were wide apart, and ; hat heightened the kind treatment, etc., and in conclusion
difficulty of coming to an accurate opinion I said :-" Of the gallant Newbrunswicker,
upon the start: but no difficulty was ex peri- Wallace Ross, who has been unfortunate
enced in bet1iing that Hanlan was, while in this contest, they feel that they cannot
pulling with his utmost ease, drawing slowly speak too highly. He has proved himself
but surely away from his opponent \Vhen a. first-class oarsman, and they hope that
half a mile had bpen traversed bv Ross pull- his iriends will not be slow to apprecis.t

ing a fiery strote of 37 and Ha.nlan a great the spltmdid eltort; he made in their behalf
sweep of 32, the latter had 110 length's day- yelterday, which produced \I hat was un.
light to the good. \Vithoat I!.DY merease of qu{'stionably the grandest aquatic contest
effort this advantage was a.t 110 mile doubled, tòhll.t ever took place on any water, lD any
and to the moat L norant it was clear that, I country, in any age."
bar accidp.nt, Hanlan had already WQ{}. On Toronto Bay, on the evening of August
Ross was pulling 110 stroke that must have 1st, the final heat for the gold medal, in
been wrenching him to pieces, while the the Post-office regatta, was contested, the
littl
one in blue was gliding along ap entries being Messrs. Newell, Riddell, ami
parently as easy as if s rolling on the road ThOlJlpson. A t the start, however. the ;'wo
The pace was, however, trl mendous, anù latter only contended, and Thompson won
Ross kept forcing bin self to t he utmost, the race by over five lengths.
while Hanlan contented himself with main. VERY KEE:S- COMPETITION.
tailling his ad vantage. No change that was Competition was very keen on the 1\ iagara
appreciable took place in the position of the line this season, !Iond it is eviùent the best
contestants when a mile and a quartpr had of feeling dld not exiBt between the ownerl!!
been traversed. Then, however, a change of the rival steamers. "ïtness the follow-
came over the !aspect of affairs, for as Ross ing advertisement dated August 5th :-
was pullin
home his stroke, he wa.s seen .. Toronto, Niaiara and Buffalo Steam.
to go headlong over into the water. lmme- hoat Line. The publ care "Varneå. th&.t
tliately therp was a great shout of alarm, speht checks of the steamers City of To-
anù Capt. Ross, father of the oar-sman, dio ronto aud Rothesay, of this line, collecteù
rectcd the tug's bead towards \V allace, a.nù issued by the steamer Chicora, wil,' not
struggling in the \\ ater and supporting him, be accepted for passage on either of thf3

LAND:\BRKS OF TORO?\TO.

949

stean1Prs of thi!l line Pa.ssengers going atreak boa.ts. Open to amateUrlìi only.
ovel' by the Chicora on Saturday last were Prize. ma.ssive silYer medal.
furnished with such by the Chicora, a.nd 4th-Double S(
ull Race-T,,'o mile
with
were consequently decei veà. as these checks a turn; to be rowed in 23-feet inriggeù lap.
Vlere rpfused by this line. D. .MiLLOY, streak boats. Open to all. Prizes, two
Agent." handsome
vlid slIver medal!'!,
A fine account, of this line is given else- 5th-Single Scull Hace-Three miles with
where, but this matter may propPl'ly be reo a turn, in best and best boats. Prize, Cov.
ferrci; to among general information respect- ernor-Generai's medal.
JUg the traffic on tiLe lakes. 6th-Tub Race-IOO yards. Prize, sobd
Hanlan was not allowed to .. rest on his silver medal.
oars victorious" lon
. In May he is again Hanlan proved victorioL1s in his encoun er
in Engla.nd, contesting with the famolls witÞ the Tyuesider, and on the date ill July
En'{lis
oarsman, Hawdon, the champion- of his arrival in Toronto becoming known,
ship of the Tyue. The race took place on it \\ as decided to give him a public recep-
May 5th, the result being, as one pa per put tion and the following advertisement appeared
it, that Hanlan .. won as he liked." in a.ll the Toronto papers in reference to the
There were few alterations either on Lake I project :-
Untario or the upper lakes in the sea- H6-\.
LA
RECEPTIOS.
sfln of 18ï9, Most of them were of minor ---
importance. I THE CJl.AMPI

TS;

R Eo:aLi
A.DA. UXITED
1'h,e City of Toror.to. no Io.nger. oppo
ed I Will a.:rivo
om
'
the CIJlcora, but ran _ lD .conJunctIOn. wIth ON TL'ESDA Y. '1 HE 15TH INST..
her, the Rothesay beIng Independently on about five o'clo('k, p. m.
the same route, (namely, from foronto to I The Chicora. has been chartered to bring Han-
Niagara,) "a law unto herself." Ian home. at an hour whICh wIll be definitely
To Lorne Park ran the Empress and Ar- .iettled 03 Monda.y marninK. Return tickets
. f T d h will b
issued and for sale on Monday at one
mema rom oro
to
un er t e manage- o'dock at $1 each, for the benefit of the Home-
meut of Mr. .McCUaI!!. stead Fund. A number of øteamørs ha.ve been
On tbe T0ronto and - Ogdensburg hne of chartued to meet the Chwora on tbe Lake.
steamers there was .no alter
tIOn whatever !ÿ

n;:
:t

K
:;e
oo:'
I

nge.r
hf
;
t

exceptmg that theIr propnp.toI'3 say the been fixed a.t 25c for adults Ilnd 15c for children.
.. accommodatioll wa!'! all that could be The Opera Company now playing at the Horti-
desired" and they certl\inly were very well cultural Garnens will give an entertainment.
. d commencing at 8 o'clock sharp,
patI'o lllze . T' An Address will be presented by the Ml\yor
The Great \
estern Ra.Ilway's steamer about ni:.e o'clor.k., to which the Chaillpion \\ill
S&p'iu3.w, from Port ::;\.a.nley to (, le\Telanù, reRly. .. .'
wa.s replaced by the City of
IontreaJ there _ J he Cha.mplon 1'0'1.1 also appear wIth hIS boat;.
being no other change except in th; stea- In,f

:
c

lfl t
Ii:
l

t We-no reserveà 8ea.t q .
mer. Tickets can be secured at Nordheimcrs',Suck.
The Norseman, Oswego- Delle, Picton, lin
d' and leadin
.hR
e
ÒSWELL,
Southerll Belle and the whole of the Toronto Chairman Reception Committee
ferry stell.merB mentioned in the preceding R. W. SUTHERLA
D, .
year were on their respective routes. Hon. Secretary.
On Lake Simcoe the steamer Lady of the Tbe steamers FUgate (a. new vessel),
Lakes "her daily stage ,Ì duty ran" a.s Maxwell, Empress of Inùia. and St. Jean
heretofore. Baptiste were chartered to leave theil'
On Dominion Day 1879 a grand regatta respective wha.rves at 3:30 p.m., on the 15'h
took place at Lorne Park a.nù by special I to meet the Chicora. with E,iward Hanlan
arrangement the Governor-General's medal and his party on board. The" Champion ..
was secured, and in addition prizes Wf're ! lI.rriVPd ill due course and the rect-ption
given to the value of three hundred dollars. a.ccorded him was in accordance with the
The following wa. tbe programme :- programme and as hearty and enthusias; ic
1st-Single Scull Race-Two miles with a as the mo!';t exacting soul or ambitious spirit
turn; to lie rowed Ul 18,feet in rigged lap- might desire.
Itreak boats. Open to all. Prize, mallsive The .I! ilgate, just mentioned, was & new,
soliù silver me. :a1. iron, side whet'l stcamer ûf two hundred and
2nd-Ladics' R:i.cc-Half-mlle straight- forty-one tons hnr
hen, built by \Vhite of
away; to Le rowed in 18-fe
t iHrigged 1 p_ Montrenl in 1879. She remained in Toronto
streak 1>0ats Open to all. Prize, hand- a short time auù is now employed (It)93) on
some gold ring. I the Ri\'cr St. Lawrence from :\lontreal
:Jnl-Single Scull Race-Tw() miles with u. A steamer known as the Kincardine ran
tUl'JI; to b9 ro\\ell in 18-fcet inrig-ged lap- . during the early autumnal days of 1879

350

LAXDMARKS OF TORONTO.

from Torouto to Lorne Park. She W8.S
mlùer the command of Ca.pt Blanchard.
H, R. H. the Princess Louise, ac ompanied
by the
larquil of LlJrne, vi:sited Toronto in
t.be early part of September. The Toronto
Rowing Club had a regatta. in honor of the
avent, at which the vice-rCial party were
present on board the Filgate. 'l'he follow,
JIlg w
re the eutriell :
,First Race-Four-oared sheUs-
The l')eterborough Crew-A. J. Belcher,
,troke ; G. C. Rogers, 2nd: N_ B Rog
r8,
3rd, \Y. P. Shaw, bow. Colors-Scarlet
and Black.
Lea.nder Crew-H. Lamb, stroke; H
1í4cLare, 2: H. Clark. 3: J. Ma_kenzie, bo\\.
Colors-Dark Blue and Wbite.
A rgonaut Crew-G. Galt, stroke: T. P.
Galt, 2; J W. Hogg. 3: R. McKay, bo.\'.
";81ors-Dark and Light BJue.
Toronto Crew-J, O'Hara, stroke; \Y. O.
Ross, 2: D. W. ShAw, 3: W. F. Dunspaugh,
bGw. Colors-Light Blae and White
Second race-Single fikiffi, 17 feet a.nd
under-
E. Hart, Toronto: H. Ball, Chatham: R.
Carler. Toronto: 'V. Gooding, (
oderich ;
Jl McKay, Toronto; U. F. Oakley. Toronto;
3.. T. Clifton, Toronto.
Third Race-Double Kculla-
&. ..\lackenzie, P. Ball. Colors-Light
Blue and \Yhite.
H. Best, T. Finnigan.
R. BlevinB, W. Robinson
T. P. Gall, G. Galt. Colo rs-Dark and
f.iiht Blue.
Fourth Race-Single sc'
-
.E. Roach, J. Phillips, Toronto: J. Laing,
.í1løntreal: W. Reordan, Hamilton; W. F.
Danilpaugh, Toronto; R. Lambe, Torontl) ;
.Æ.. Jarvis, Hamilton; G. F. Oakley. To-
!DUto.
THB OFFICIAL LIST.
Mr. J E Robertson acted as referee, Mr.
11. Crewe as judge at the turn. !\lr. J. R.
:Hay u etarter, and Mr. J. Eo Ellis as time-
beper. The club rooms were handsomely
&Ad profusely decorated Ïor the occasion,
....ru the hilliud table set out with a pro-
m:aion of cups, including the four '0 be COD-
õiÞ-s:ed for. All of which were aliKe. Amon

tiie decorations the seyeral addresses to
a.ulan were prominently displayed.
The following accident occurred on Octo-
lIer 2nd :-The propeller Dromedary, bound
>>nth. struck a rock at Ramey's Bend at two
..lock, ainkilJg five minutes afterwards in
R%teen feet of water. She was bO:J.nd from
Jlootreal to De roit with two hundred tons
.f pig iron a.nd a miscellaneoU8 ca; go, con-
_ting of sugar, etc, At the time of strik-
iDg sbe was àrll.wing eight feet four inches
forward. The rock was a projection from

the west bank. The ca.ptain, F. B. TWIt-
chell, was in char
e at the time, and loudly
censured the canal authoritIes for leaving
such an obstruction exposed. He succeeded
in ruuning the propellE-r to the bank, so as
not to impede Ilo!vi:.;ation. The vessel was
owned by the
lercha.nts' Bank of ,Mon-
treal.
The formation of a naval reserve force in
Canada for the protection of the Canadiaa
mercantile marine was mooted in the early
part of 1880, whereupou a Toronto paper of
the day has the following very straightfor.
ward remarks, it says :-" This su.;gestion,"
that is to create a naval resarv,"" "is not
one likely to be adopted, J.lthou
h in the
e\rent oi war hetween Engla.nd a.nd Russia.,
the North American squadron would be
withdrawn, and the Canadian mercantile
marine, which is the fifth in importance in
the world, would be at the mercy of Russian
cruisers. Hut the truth is that Canada could
not afford to go to the expt:nse of support-
ing a naval force, nor, so far &8 Canada her-
Belf is concerned, is there any need of such
a force. There would not be the re-
motest danger of any foreiJi{n power
intprfering with Canada it Canacla were a
nat on by herself and minded her own busi-
ness. The only danger to which this coun.
try is exposeù is on account of England.
which may involve Canaåll. in the conse-
quences of a bloody war without a day I
notice. It is probably fair to say that En
.
laI1d must b ' prepared to abide by the con,
sequences of her own acts, a.nd that in ev nt
of her becoming iavolved in war with a. naval
power, if she desires to retain Canada as.
colony she must be ready So defend it."
Upon the opening of the season of 1880
the Collir.{!wood line for. ports on the
Georgian Hay, comprised the øteamers
Northern Queen, K orthern Belle, )) ani.
toulin and lat
r the Emerald
From Sarnia sailed the .Manitoba, Quebec,
a.nd Ontario for ports on Lake Superior,
an.! Îrom Collingwood, also for the same
ports ran the Frances Smith. City of Owen
Sound and City of Winnipeg.
The Southern Belle ran from Toronto
to Hamilton, the Picton to Port Dalhousie,
the City of Montreal upon excunions to and
from the va.rious ports on Lake Ontario.
The Island ferry steamers were the St.
Jean HaptiE\te. Princess, Prowett Beyer.
Ada Alice. Tn!
Prince Arthur and
Jax-
well ran to Victoria and Lorne parks 1'.,'
sppctivelJ'.
On Queen'a birthday Armour's steam
ycht the Luella wa.s launched at Toronto.
A full description of her is given elsewhere,
The .\Jaxwell also ran from the Church
street wharf, Toronto, to Lorne park twice

LAN[tl\IARKS OF TORONTO.

851

daily, and fl
ured prominently as an excur- J cOTning acclimated will not be too long by
8ion steamer on the sum I er evenin'!s. the dø.te fixed for the race. I disclose no
The I\pproaching race for the "Cham- secret when I statE. that Trickett's friends
pionshio" in the sculling world, betwt:en ha.ve Ð\'ery confidence in his ability to van-
frickeÚ, the Australian, a.nd Hanlan, the quish your Canadian cha.mpion They cla
1U
Ca.nadian, excited at this time a great deal th'l.t he is a rowing wonder-a giant at tl.
of iuterest, An En
lish correspondent oar. Sanding six feet five inches in hiI
unde:[' the 8ignature "Tynesider," hd.!I the stocking.. with long legs and arms, and ..
following interesting if somewhat; lengthy splendid physique, united with 6'reat
remarks :- strength and. endurance, as wlll as witb
NEWCASTLE ON TYKE, ,June 'j,-It has grea'- skill with the sculls, they regard his
been a. long time since I last penned you a chances 80S exceedin
ly 1IQr8 in the ìorth-
letter about aquatic intere
ts in Engllmd, coming event. They spoke of Hanlan as ..
and my present venture will be confined ex- small man-but I reminded them of the 1'e-
elusively to the great forthcoming race be- mark made by the ferryma.n at Bulta!f

tween Trickett and Ha.nlan. As you have near Pittsburg, viz.: "That the more clothMI
been alrea.dy adviZ5ed, the friends of 'rrickett, he takes off the bigger he get!!," and sug-
residing in Londou, have made a ma.tch gested that when he measured speed with
with tb:
friends of Hanlan, for these two their" liix foot sixer," the little man might
world-wide known scullers to contend for look the larger oÏ the two. It is a curious
the world's championship on November 15th fact that the Trickett-Hanlan race h&a
next, on the Thames. The meeting to draw arouseà the rowing interestø here from 6
up articles and make anangements was long slumber. The victorie. ot Ha.nlan 1&81:
very h'l.rmonious, and everything passed off year took aU the life ûut of rowing on Enp;-
without the least hitch or dis;:greement. Hsh water3. Here it is the fin-.t, alone, that
Thos who represented Trickett were gp.utle- excites enthusia8m Elliott, defea.ted, WM
men in every Mense of the word, and only a dead dog; and even
souo-ht fair conditions for their favorite. THE ATrE!>I.PT OF BOYD ELLIOTT
Cot Shaw, on Hanlan's behalf, endeø.voreù to row Q, hig race over a lost trophy-or to
to so anange matters as to insure a fair see which should try for it again-was of little
race without fear or favor from any source. account. The shadow of Hanlan fell acroea
At his suggestion arrangements were ma.de their fame. and overshadowed them alto-
securing deserved and fair benefits from two gethcr. I:ut now that the promise of &
intere.-sts most I:.enefitted by t.he meeting of meeting- between the t1l'O rowing wondere
two great 0 rsmen, viz., the railrt>ads and is held out, the average Eng]bhman is
steamboat owners. I am p ea.sed to be able alive with interest over the promhed treat.
to state that evel"y consideration w"s shO\"n 1\or will the circle of uniuterested ODN
th se who planncd thi
just .. tribute." and ùe small! It will be as wide !WI the
110 handsome return may be expected from poles, literaily. And this leads me again
this sourcf', on the day of the race. I ueed to cefp.r to the honor Han]au's career
nût advise y<,u that this m
eting bet" eEn has won for his own Vûminion of Canada,
TrÜ:kett and Han]a.n will be the event in He has advertised it more extensively than
the rowin
annals of the vear-If not of the Canadians really appreciJ.te, and any o
e "be
century. Coming together as they will- may have a nose that is inclined to tUrD.
ea
h with a brillia.nt record as 110 " prince of up, in & kind of scorn, over the "Hanlan
ijcullers "-anà. each a. "champion I, of un. fever"-should just reflect upon the fa.c:i;
doubted merits, the banks of old Father that he has been the best advertising agent,
Thames will be lined with excited thousands Canada ever had. Besides, if eve!" a citizen
to witupss the a.uticipi'ted battle bet\\-een of Cauada, by honest endea.vor, deserved
the fleetest scullers of the presen
day. well of his own, this sculler is eertl\inly one
Already the lovers ot keen aquatic of them. Before this reache8 your reader.
contest.s are ta' in! fire over this mett- the race between I oyd and Hanlan will ha\'e
iog. It comes off late in the year-, been rowed, I have already put myself on
but Trickett has a long journey to make record III reference to it, and at this writing
Ly wa cr-allù needs 110 long prepilrati. n am not cle1tr thtl.t the course of Hanlan in
a.ftt:r he arrives in England. Moreover, he rowing him so soon bofter hi!'! \VashingtoQ
is in business, and It will take him some races is a wise one. Too 10nO' 110 strain
little time to ,.lan to get away_ His friends weake-ns, and to be in constant
&ining for
advised me that he would likely leave for many weeks means a greater drain UpOIl
tLis country ..bout the first of July. The physical force than is prudent to cha.nce.
tl'ip over will oceupy nf'arly six weeks. B yd is a. great sCllller, and, in my humble
This will bring it to the mIddle of August opiniou, Hanlan will have 0. very large job
before he arrives, and the time spel't 1D be
on hand to defeat him. Still, as a forIDe!'

9,'}2

LAKD
lARKS OF 'IORO
TO.

letter gives my views upon this point, I need
not Ì1ere rep
at them. 110re nnon.
TY
ESIDER.
CHAP d
R CCLU

lif'W 8tf"Amf"rs-('ltpl
,iD" ..n the Lali.e anel
e'herM "'110 "'ere Promineut in .lIe

bippln::; 1\'orlfl-('oncludlu2: Remark...
Hetore navIgatIOn opened III 1882, very
ea.rÏy in the season, a cteputa.tion from To-
ronto waÜed on Sir Hector Lan
evin in
Ottawa, on
larch 25th, for the purpose
of drawin rr the Minister s attention to the
damage d
ne to the Island opþosite that city
by th'3 ravages of storms which had a short
time previously taken place.
This deputation. consisting of
Iessrs. Platt,
Hay, Ginley, William Gooderham and Eras-
tus Wiman, pointed out tbe peril in which
thi
important sl'ction was placed, a.nd natu-
rally desired to know what were the Govern-
ment's intentions in the ma.ttpr,
Sir Hector informed them that the Goy-
ernment had ("Iuly just receiv.:d the report of
l'aptain Eads, the celebratpd engineer, bUL
t.bat the matter should receive most careful

nsideration, as the
f mistry were fully
&live to the eXIgencies r,f the situation.
On :March 30th tbe Toronto J[ait bas this
"'conic, but emphatic, paragraph :-" There
v.-ill be trouble on this bay if a tug is not
Boon in commission Vessels were detained
two day!\ for want of one. \Vhat s the mat-
t.er, Frank ?"
Un April 6th a new fer y steamer waB
launched in Toronto for the hlan:! service,
thus ,Iescriberl by the papprs of the day :-
"l,AUNCH OF A FERRY STEA:\IER
.. At half-pa.st four yesterday afternoon
Mr. John C'lendinning's new }sland terry-
boa t waø successfully launched from the
IItocks, foot of Berkelpy street. Althou;?;h
the a.fternoon was coM and disagreeable a
number of ladies pu in an appearance to
witneES the launch. A bottle of wine wa.
placed III the hands of little Georgie \Vest-
m!.lon, a grandson of Mr. George \\ïlliamll,
the Esp1.a.llade QODli!tablp., who, breaking it
Over her bow, christened her" Canaàa."
J..'.r. George Cleak, the builder, then gave
the word
o cut the lines, and away she
lllipped broadside on into her future home
with a Union Jack flying from each rudder,-
pOlt, while a cheer went up from the spec-
tators present."
On April 8 h the Island ferr
es began tbeir
journeys to and from Toronto. The Mail
jo('ularly remarks :-" The LupHa miWe her
first journey yesterlÌay, and Captain Turner
is happy."
Amon<f the various steamEI s plying on
Torontonbav at this tIme were the Luella,
,J can Baptiste and Prowett Beyer, under

Mr, Turner's management. Of these the
fil.8t is in 1893 the property oi thf' Toronto
Ferry Company, the second has become th

Sa,He, a.nd belongs to the sallie company.
'I he third ß
earner, built in Buffalo, and
callpd after 110 citizen residing thpre, was dis-
posed of some years since, and is not now
upon the lakes. Another steamer, which
was also on the tJay until about lR84, was
the Gene\'a. She ÎI9.S bpen sold
o the
United States. The Queen City, as is told
elsewhere, Lecame the Onsziara, and is on
the Kiagdra river. The .\Iascotte was pur,
chas"",11 by the Toronto Ferry Company, and
the Imperial has
one to the upper lakes.
Among the steamers controlled by A. J.
'Iymon since 1882 have been the Arlington,
Jessie l\JcEdwards, Kathleen. Gertrude and
Island Queen, all of which were purchased
by the Toronto Ferry Compl\ny, amI were
described in another place. Besides these
there \\ ere from 18/:!3 tû 1885 running from
Toronto to Victoria Pa.rk the Ontario and
Gipsy, 1. he former of these \\ as burnt and
the latter is no .\' in Kiogston, The
Mazeppa, built by Melancthon Simpson at
Toronto in 1884, after running on the bay
and also bet\\een Toronto a.nd Lorne Park,
beca.me one of the steamers belonging to
t he Hamil ton Steam boat Company, and
DOW rnns OR Burlington Bay. The Annie
Craig fan for so'ne time until 1885 season
excursiona from Toronto to the Humber
THE SEMI'CEXTEX
JAL.
At the semi-centennial celebration of To-
ronto's incorporation on June :
Oth a
ta.bleau called "Naming the Harbor"
was t:xhibited. This tab'eau represented
the namÌnj;{ of Toronto harbour, a.nd
measured thirty-five feet by nine. Half
the car was taken up by a sa.nd hank,
!Surmounted by & stockade shown in profile;
the whole affair was made of canvas, but
vainted to represent the llifferent objects to
be called to mind, The logs \\ ere pointed,
and stood about six feet high. On the sand
bank outside thE: palisades Was left a. n arrow
ph\tform alon.! which, with mea.sured slepò
and slow, guards were pacing. Insid, the
Btockade was ø. sman lo
house, constructed
of canvas, and in front of the stockade, one
on either siùe, were a couple of cannon
From the sand bank there was a deep
descent into the other half ot the car, which
was covered with canvas painted to re-
present water. About the centre a boat
was let in, as if sunk to the proper
dep
h in water Standing in the boat W&8
an officer holding aloft the U ,,jon Jack, and
21ving to Toronto harhour the llame it has
ever since so proudly borne.
On August 31.d, 1885, one of the most dis,
astrous fi!es t"at ever occurred in Toronto

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

953

broke out a.bout one o'clock in the morn-
1r. :Morse's skiff Troad (keel).. , . . . . . . .. .
ing. Pract.ically the whole of the shippinJiC Mr. :Korman B. Dick s skiff (centre-
and boat-heuses on the Esplanade, from bOal'd). . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . 0
Scott to Princess street, were injUl'ed or The race wa.s announced for II a.m, ,and
destroyed, the to 11.1 rlamage being esti- tha start was made by 11.10, The Boreal
ma.ted at more than $300,000. So fierce and ca.me out with a new 95-feet ra.cing sa.il,
lnrid \\ ere the fla.mes that in describing the and she showed i s power by taking the
.c
ne a local ne,upaper of the time say!:!:- lead at the start and keepmg it all through.
.. The whole bland was lighted up so effec- The boats started ,\ ith a light I.orth,west-
tively by the blaze that the small print 0: a erly breeze, which died away, and they
ne\1 spap r could have been read without got pretty well bunched ai the eastern
ap.
difficulty at any POiD' between Hanlan's and A breeze then sprang up from the souto-
1ihe Wiman Ba.ths," \1 estward. Mr, Dick's s iff, which had 200
Amon
the ..essels injured or totally des- pounds of ballast aboa.rd, was making a
troyed .
ere the .\lazeppa-afterwards re- good second to the Boreas, when the mast-
built-the Annie Craig, Ontario and step was carried away, and she had to retire
Theresa, formerly the \Yest. These last from the race. The Isabel was third, bu'
three \\ ere totally d.atruyed. The schooner some of the gear came loose, and she had
AnDle Mulvey, the yachts Minden, Vero- to luff up and lower sail till it was put
Dica, Sprite and l\1aple Leaf also fen vic- right, enabliu
both the Princess and the
tims to the fla.mes. The schooners Mary Troad to pass her. She Ifttled down to
Ann and Madeline were very badly in, work a
ain, and succeeded in overhauling
jured. thl'm both and comin( in second. The
Unha.ppily life was also 8acrificed, a Boreas got home a long Wol.V ahead, and tbe
night-walchman named Henry \r or.s being other!:! IIolTived in the order above noted,
burnt to death. with not a greAt deal of space between
The Southern .Belle contiuued on the rout. them, after
etting in ,he doldrums fOl"
from Toronto to Hamilton throughout the several minutes off the Union Station.
season of 1885, and was only finally" ith- Everything went off \\ ell, And the occasion
drawn from service on the 1110 ;e8 in 1891. was. very ple0\8ant one.
Among other steamers was the Garnet, As Mr. Neilson did not wish to carry
running froru Toronto to Victoria Par,;:; off 110 prize t.hat he himself had offered, he
t.he Hastings which made excursions to handed the barometer to the Isabel, and
various point. on the lake from Toronto, too', the second prize mstead. The race
AS the Ru pert ..Iso did. 'rhe first of tilese was also for the T. C. C. Challenge Cup, last
vessels went from Toronto to KinO'stûn, and held by the Isabel, which pasaed to the
in 1890 disappeared The second is now Boreas.
running on the river at Quebec. \Vhen the boating season opened in 1884.
CASOJ: CLUB RACES. those wao attended the spring races of th.
In the earlY summer of 1883 a sailing race Argonau.t Rowing Club on BaturdaJ' a.tter-
for canoes and skiffs came off in Toronto I noon, June 21, experienced a most deligh'ful
harbor on Ma.y 24th, under the manage- I time. The weather WAS bea.u.tiful aDd 1.h.
ment of the Toronto Ca.noe Club. The ro .\'ing WII.8 keen and excitiDg. The .CeIl.
OúUrse was around the Island,
oin.! out at on the balcony wa.s a brilliant one. Th.
the eastern 'tap, and returni.n..! by the ladies were charmingly dressed and a Dum-
western ohannel. The .tart was made off ber of the gentlemen were conspicuous by
the Royal Ca.n,dian Ya.cht Club wharf, foot their boat:ng coetumes. On every side wer

of Lome street. The prizes were (1) a $20 to be seen the pretty biue and white colors
aneroid barometer, the gift of Commodore of the Argonaut8.
Neihon: (2) a. Wa.terbury watch; (3) a The racing was well managed by the
camp hammo.:k ; snd (4) a hunting knife. veteran president, Henry O'BI'ien. and the
The ".DoeS were limited to 14 feet length captain, Ollie ,Murphy, assisted by P. D.
b,. 33 lDehes beam; the skiffs \\ ere allowed Ros8, A, G. Thompson and James Hoge,
16 feet by 42 inches beam, and must be the the ot.her three members of the senior fow.
property of, and sailed by, member!; of some
even fours turned out" and six hea\.s wee.
regula.rly organized boat, yacht, or canoe rowed. The course was a Itraight half
club, Following are the entrlCs and resul I mile to the east, the fini.h being OpposiM
ef the race :- I the club house ,From the balcony ADd
Co:nmodore Neilson's Pearl canoe Yoreas roof there was a clear view of ih. cour-.
(centre-board). . , . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . ." I No time was kept.
l)earl canoe Isabel (ct:ntre-board)...,.... 2 1 First heat- White, J. PearsCNl, bo\v: I.
!\Ir, Nicho son's Princess canoe (centre- Scott,2; A. J. Boyd, 3; J. "Jew...
bOd.rd)...............................3 stroke. Blue-N. P. Dewar, bow; Q.

9M

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LX
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ANDREW HERON, A WELL-KNOWN STEAMBOAT MAN.

'.

/ \
{\
\

op.955

LAKlnL\ RKS OF TORO
TO.

Simpson, 2 ; A. B. Cameron, 3 ; A. M'rphy,
stroke. The whites won in j;{ood style.
Second beat-\Vhite-R. "aldwin, bow;
R W. Y. Paldwin, 2: \V. R. H.
! offatt"
3; A. D. Lanl?'muir, stroke. Blu8-,J. H.
Roger.., bow ; A. H. 0' l'rien, 2 ; \\. Lang-
muir, 3 ; L. H. \\' hiUemore, stroke. Blue
was the lucky eolor this time.
Third Heat-White-L. Davidson, bow;
E. J. Bristol, 2; G. Dunstan, 3; H. F,
\Vyatt, stl'oke. Blnfl-H. R. Boulton, bow;
P. D. Hn
hes, 2 ; J. S. Bell, 3 ; A. D. Mc-
Lean, stroke. Again the blues cross<<=d the
winning line first.
Fourth Heat--\Yhite-G. F. Burton, bow:
\Y. L, E. Marsh, 2 ; G. \\'. (
rote, 3; E. Hea-
ton. stroke. blue, winnE-rs of first heat.
Victory once more crowned the cE'ru!ean
colors. The \VI'ites fonled McLaren's crew
early in the race, but both boats straight-
ened out and resumed. Nearing home tte
bow of the Blues shipped his oar, I ut this
mishap was insta.ntly ri
hted, and the boat
sped home to victory.
Fifth heat, winners of second heat, winners
of third h at. This heat \' II.S well and
closely contested, "hitbmore's fonr only
beating Mc!.. 1m's by a length.
Sixth heat, winnf'rs of four: h heat, win-
ners of fifth heat.
This was the la.st and decIding heat of the
d!l.Y and consequently more
nterest een-
tered in it tha.n in any of tbe preceding.
Each crew had alreadv ro"'ed over the
course twice, and they ;tarted for the third
time "ith determination stamped upon
their 1 rows. But Whittemore's four lacked
the staJin
power of McLaren's a::d they
gave out, .McLaren's winning easily, being
loudly cheered as they rowed into the club
houie.
THE STEAMER ROSEDALE.
Among the freight S' ea.mers upon the
lakes is the well-known vesllel Rosedale,
built in Sunderla.nd, England, in 1888, by
the Sund, rland S-hil buildin
Co., her own-
er! bein
Job. H. G, Ha
arty. Capt. Sam!.
Cranqle and that welJ-known wharfinger,
Mr. W. A. fieddes, of Toronto.
She was the first vessel *<> take a car
o
through trom .\ ontreal to Chll:ago without
kans-shipment. Rer length was 180 feet,
ker widt.h 35 feet and the very great depth
ef 24 ft, wt.ile her carrying capacity was

,OOO busbels. She was lengthened in
1891, an addition of 73 feet being made to
her. She is now able to carry no less than
80,000 bushelli and is employed in the grain
trade between Dnluth and Kingston. Capt.
James
wa.rt heing her master.
In 18R9 the line between Montreal. To-
ronto and Chica
o consis ed of the Cuba
altun..tin
with the steamer.:; Alma Munro

955

and Acadia. 1 he. v left the cana.l wharf,

.; ontreal, every Tuesda.y a.t 10 a. m , calling
en ronte to Chicago at Kingston, Toronto,
Cleveland, and Hetroit.
The steamer Ocean,running from Yontreal
to Hamilton, has been fully described in an-
other portion of the "farine Hi. tory; through-
out the season of 1893 she carned great;
numbers of excursionists to thfl "orId's
Fair, ( hicago, from the LoWH ProvlDce to
Hamilton, where they completed their
journey by nil.
Running from C'ollin_ wood, calling at
Owen Sound from t.he Sault Ste. Marie, are
in 1893 the steamers Atlantic, Ba.ltic, Pacific
and Northern Belle. The latter has been
ma.ny years on this route. The former are all
comparatively ne1'l' vessels.
Among other able men connecteJ with the
steamers was Andrew Heron, who was t>OI'n
in a log cabin on Duke street, on St. An-
drew's Day, 1800. His early years were
spent in the old town of Niagara, where he
heard the roar of the guns the day that
Brock fell at Queenston Heights. He fol-
lowed the remains of the Gen-eral to a tomit
in the bastion of Fort George. The night
the Americal1s attacked and burned Newark
he wa.s roused from his slumbers and had te
flee to the woods. At the close of tbe war
oì 1812 he returned to his father's residence,
near Hog-g's Hollow, where he continuEd to
reside for many years. In the rebellion of
1837 he carried a musket a.s a loyal
t, and
saw Lount ,Ind ).latthews taken in irons to
the jaB. After the rebellion he became an
active busine'!ls ma.n. an1 was a pioneer iD
the steamboat nusiness on the great lakes.
He died April 21st, 1888.
Among other nota.bilities who still sur-
vi-çe are Captains Jalnes Dick. Thomalil Har-
bottie and Sinclair. These all commanded
steamers more than forty years since, and
the latter remains in active service to tÌle
present; time (1893).
Among the events of 1893 was the arrival
in Toronto harbor early in June of the Spa-
nish Cara.,.elsen route tl) the \Vorld's Fair at
Chica
o_ These vessels were supposed to re-
present, and probably fairly well did so, the
ships with which Christopher Columbus rli1s-
covered the new worid. 'rhey rema.IßN in
Toronto for three da.ys a.n1 were visit d by
great numbers of visitors.
Is eOÐcluding this portion of the
history of the Canadian:\1 arine hearty
acknowledgement of the assista.nce re-
ceived by the loan of booke, doem-
ments, etc,and in the ghing of oral informa-
tion, is tendered to Mr. R. 1innintz, Mr.
James Herson. Mr. \V. A. (:eddea aDd ).ir.
F. l'J rmstrong, of Toronto. Also to
'r. A.
.Milloy, of Montreal, and to Alr. W. Helli-

!liB

RK C' OF TnT
()XT(\.
LAXl>MA 1")_

I

., F TORüXTO.
'XIßl.\Hh.:'-i 0
1......

..
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.,

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(.
/
/

!}.ï7

938

LANDYARKSOFTORO

'Q

well, of Highlan(l Creek. It is possible that
things \I hich some of onr readers may deem
ir.-,porta.nt have been omitted, bnt if this is
BO it has beEn by accideut and not by design

CHAPTER CCLIV.
TORONTO FERRY CC'. 1890-93-

U8 Rhe and I.ro
r(''',,-U!II Võlrlou'i Vessels
-quiet ('sefllllle!l!ll.
The Toronto Ferry Company "a9 reg"s-
tered as a joint stoc. comp3.uyon February
27th, 1890, the object in view being the
The Yarlou!II Steamf'rs on the Routc!II-Thelr conveyance to and from the roronto Island
Ue!llpeelh-e (;onlln:loders 188'7-IX9:=. of its sum!l'er residents and dallv visitors.
On the lake route from Toronto to Lorne In 1890 the company pur"chased the
Park, began to ply in 1888 the steamer steamer's, hitherto on the same route, owned
Grevhound. ::5he is II. double decked screw by the Doty Ferry CompælY, and two
stea"'mpr of 219 tons bnrthen, and \\ as built years later they also bought up the \'essels
at Hamilton in 188ì by :\lelancthon Simp- belong ng to the Island Park Ferry Com-
son. H er len,
th is 133 feet, her width 21 pany.
feet and her depth ot hold 10 feet 6 inches, Their pre!!ent fleet of veseeh is twelve in
Her engine was supplied by .\. essrs. numher, Eleven of thes
beloJlg to the
Beckett & Co., of Hamilton. company, and tbe twelfth, the Jobn
This vessel ev","r '3ince her cons
ruction has Hanlan, is charter
d by them for their ser-
heen on the Lorne and Grirrsby Park vice.
routes, principally the former. For one
ea- Of the steamers belonginl{ 1:0 the com-
son or rather a portion of it sbe was on the panv none are of great age, the olàest of
latter. them having been built as recently as 18;6.
Her command for s me little time "vas en Their names a.rethe,Jeasie L.
1cEdwards,Ar-
trusted to the late Captain Donaldson. Jington, Luella, Canadian.
adie, Kathleen,
He wa'J succeeded by her present popular (: ercrude, \1 ascotte, Islanù Queen, .May-
master, Captain \VilIiam Boyce, She flower and Primrose.
is regiBtered to carry 478 passenge s 'j.he various routes pursued by these ves-
She is the property of Mr. Gooderham, of sels are: From Yonge !!treet wharf to Han-
\\' ellington street, Toronto, and for the Ian s Point and Isla.nd Park; from Brock
Beason of 1893 was chartered by the Lome I street wharf to tbe
ame places, and also
Park Navigation Company. trom the wharves at Pufferin and George
On the Victoria. Park route the steamer streets. The servicE> is practically con-
Chicoutitni, built in 1882, began to ply in 11ölnuons from 7 a, m. to II p, m, every day
1887. Her first commanùin,
officer was thmughout the "easou, which extends from
Captain Parkin!'on, now of the Carmona. April to October inclusive, &tld there is a
Since he left she hþ.s for the past three limited service on
unday!!.
years been under charge of Captain Thoma.s The Jessie L. McEdwarrls is a one.(leck
,Iennings. Bpfore coming to 1'oronto tbe screw steamf'r, built in 1876, at St. Cßth-
Chicoutimi plied on Lake Huron. arines, by Melancthon Simpson, of the same
The second stea.mer running from Toronto place. Her length is 65 feet, and her breadth
to Victoria Park is the J. W. Steinhoff. She is nearly 12 feet 6 inches. She ha.s one high
was built in 18í6 at Chatham, and ran on pressure en gin" of 15 horse power, by Doty,
the upper lakes until she was to a great of Toronto; has a tonnage ot nevI" twenty-
extent destroyed by fire in 1881. She was one and a half tons and is licensed to carry
then rebuilt and agdoin resumed her jour- 116 paseenf;ers.
nev
on the same waters until 1889, when The ..\.rlingtoL, also a one deck screw
shè was bnught to Toronto. For the season steamer, was built at Harwood, in the
of 1893 she ran from that city to Victoria township of Hamilton, Northumherland
Park In 1891, to use a technica.L expression, County, in 1878, and r-e-built by George
she "{'an \. Uti,' that is, took trips bere, there Dickson in 1880. Her dimenBions are 801-
a.nd everywhel'(
, having no settled lost the same as those of the J vsaie L.1\f cEd-
route, and in 1892 and also in 1893 has ward
. but her engine is or 25 horse power,
again been :-unning from Toronto to Vic- and is by William Hamilton, of Peterboro.
toria Park. She is of ra.ther more than 23 tons bur-
She is the property of Alderman Thomas then. and she is licel:sed for only 100 pas-
Davies, of Toronto, and IS ably commanded I sengers.
b,. Captain .\turchison, \rhen she first The Luella Ï9 a lIomewhat la.rger vessel
came to Toronto she was under Captain I than the two former. though her engine by
Zeeland, now of tl:e Hamilton line. A
an Duty is of only 24 horse power. She is
excurl:tion Bteamer
he has always been in of nearly 38 tons burthen and carries 122 pas-
Ire-.t reqlle:;t. senge[
.
he is lookcù npon a
the hand-

CHAP I ER CCLIII.
LORNE AND VICTORIA PARKS.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

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960

LAND
lA}{KS OF TORO
TO.

somest boa.t on the bay, and is a great fl
vor-
ite with the Island residents. The owners
of this little vessel may well be proud of her,
for she has a. "record" ior the numbers of
people she has saved from drowning. Some
years ago the City Council presenkd her
captain with a aet of colours as a pub-
lic recognition oÏ her services in that respect.
The l anadian, unlike any of the preceding'
vessels, is a two-decked, double,ende:l pad-
die steamer. She wa.s built in 1882 by John
Alexander Clindinning, of Toronto. She
is 122 fe6t long and is within a fractÌ'Jn of 19
feet wide. Her one low Dressure engine by
Inglis & Hunter, of Toronto, is of 13u horse
power. Her burthen is 230 tons and she
carries 340 passengers.
The Sadie, though carrying a greater num-
ber of passengers than the last steamer, name-
ly, 377. is oIlly 112 feet long, but is just
over 35 feet wiàe. She is a double,decked
paddle vessel, and v. as built by J ames An-
drew, of Oakvl11e, in 188.3. Her engine, by
Doty, of Toronto, is of 50 horse power, and
her burthen is 154 tons.
The Kathleen, two-decked screw steamer,
bUilt in 1886 by George Dickson, of Toronto,
is 84 feet lon
by 18 feet wide, carries one
high pressure engine of 35 horse power by
Na
le & \,"eed, of Buffa.lo, U. S. A.
he
takes 200 passengers and is 01 nearly 110
tons burthen.
1 he Gertrude, simiiarly constructed to
the laiit vessel in 1886, by George Clean,
at Toronto, i. 75 feet in Ip.ngth with a
breadth of beam of 1% feet. Her engine
of - horse power is by John King, of
Oswego She is of nearly 76 tons capacity
and accommoda.tes 147 people.
The Malcotte,sinlle,decked screw steamer.
was Luilt in Toronto in 1886, by William
E. Redway, She is 70 feet lon
and vel-y CHAPTER CCLV.
nearly 14 feet in width. Her high pressure ROYAL CANADIAN YACHT CLUB.
engine is of 15 horse power, by the John
Doty Enoine Company, of Toronto. Her bur- I.. ltile and IOro:: rt"!ò" and lIilitory From
then is v
ry nearly 49 tons and her license 18:iU to 1893.
is for 128 passengers. The society from which the present Royal
The lsland Queen, a similar Vf'S el to the Canadian Yacht Club has sprun't was ai
Mascotte, was buil* by Joseph Dun1 a.t first a boat club found
d in 183ft Little. if
Pori DalhoUi!Íe. She i
73 feet in length and anything. was done during that SU80n or
1.8 nearly as possible 14 fed wide, tier in the next, but in 1852 tnig society pub-
enKine, precisely the same as that oÍ thtl lished its rules and regulations, and changed
Mascotte, IS by B
ckett & Co. of Hamilton, the name from Boat l lub to that of the To-
She accommodates 148 pa.siiengers, and ronto Yacht Club
is oi 231 tons clJ.pacity. Prominent among thes. were:
reslrs.
The two remaining vessels, namely, the \\ illiam Armstrong, V.E., John Arnold,
Mayflower and Primrose, are sister ships, Charles Heath, 'J homas Sbortiss, :'. B.
and a.re 110t only justly prized by their Harman (late City Treasurer): !linee de-
owners, but greatly apprf'Clated b} the g neral ceased, Dr. Hodder, l\lzI.j{}r
lagrath, and
public. Their appointllJants are as nearly Capt,. Fenows. . ' _
as it i. possible for them to be per- The fin.t meetmgs of th! ongmal pro-
fection and every reasonal,le convenience is moters of the club were held 1D the office of
afforded their patrons. Their framework' Captain Fello" s, commission mere!
on

is of steel, their length just exceeds 140
feet and theil" bread th 28 feet, They are
hvo-decked, dou ble- bowed paddle
teali1er
.
I\IHI were built in Toronto in 1
90 bv the
Doty E:ìgine Compa y. They each põssess
two diagonal direct acting 29 hOl-se power
condensing engines I y the same c0mpany
a
built the steamers. Their tonnage is
189.40, and they are permitted to carry 900
excur:sionists,
Both these steamers are lighte
through-
out by electricity, and 1\'hen ]oadt>tl with
pleasure-seekers a.t uight present a gay and
unique appeal'ance. They are universa.lly
considered the finest ferry steamers to be
found between Hudson's Bav and the Gulf
of .\J exico_ One pleasing tl;ing in connec-
tion with them is that almost da.ilv throu h-
out the season hundreds of the inmates. of
the charitable institutions of *he (ity are
provided wit,h free excursions upon them by
their prc..prietors,
The John Hanlan, cha.rtered by the Ferry
Corr,pany. is a. screw steamer, built by
Abbey, ()f Port Dalhousie, in 1844, and ha.s
a burthen of but 53 tOilS She is \"ery popu-
lar with the younger genel'ation.
The president of the Toronto Ferry
Company
n 1893 is Mr. E. B. Osler.
with M:-. \Yilliam II enùrie, who is well
I;nown in the shipping world, as vice-
president. 1\1r, \V. A. Esson is manager,
whilst
lr. R. A. Smith is secretary aDd
treasurf'r.
'II e comp:my's office and T:oard roem i.
at 18 Kin;.{ ..treet west, roronto. There
is no better evidence of how well they do
what they undertu.ke to do than the · ac'
that no one ever hears anything about them
or their affairs,

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

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962

LAXD:MARKS OF TORONTO,

]elinda street. Thera, sf'ated on flour when a social union was effected with the
barrels. the clu , scheme was pl'Ojected and Toronto Club, the R.C Y.C, still retaining
wa!ll further matured at later ('onclaves their water club house and their individua.l-
beld in a room over John Steel's saloon, ity as yachtsmen. In 1880, tìnding that they
which stood nearly opposite the present were I ein
crowdeà out of an anchorage f'Jr
,-\ cademy of )1 usic on King street. The first their yachta. the club sold their wa.ter pre-
Llli!dil1g used by the club was owned I mises to the Grand Trunk and having ob-
by .Messrs. Gzowski and Macpherson and tnined a suitable site on the Isla d erected
stood where the Union Station now stands, their present club house. A city land-
The first club house proper was erected on a I ing and boat house were secured at the foot
scow and was moored just west of what was of Lorne ;;;trect and the steam y...cht Esper-
known as Rees' wharf. This Rouse was anza was purchased to convey the members
occupied by the clu ,until 1858 when it was of the club to and fro, In 1889 the Royal Cana-
found s, seriously damaged by muskrats dian Yacht Club an(1 the Toronto Y &cht Clu
and heavy weather that it had to be (the latter of which had been in existence
abandoned. The club then purchased the since 1880), effec:ted a.n amalgamation. Tne
"recking steamer Provincial. \\ hich was Lorne street landing was disposed of and the
titted up as a cluh hou<:e a:ld moored between new organization retained the club house of
Tinning's and Rees' wha.rves. opposi'e the TorOl.to club as their town headquarters
the Union Station. 'J his was Ïound to be a and landing place.

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FI."T CLUB HOUSE.
very unsatisfa.ctory resting-place. however, I In 1854
he members of this club petit
on
8.8 the vessel frequently contrived to Q;et ed Her
laJesty the Queen that they might
adrift. .. Ofteu," said Mr. \Villiam Arm be allowt.d to absume the titl-e of Royal To'
strong..who has. kindly fu
nis?ed sketches ronto Yac
t Club: . . .
of these two floating habItatIOns, .. was I I At the hme thIs petItion was pre.ented I'
calle;} up in the middle of the ni
ht with the was not only thoug.h
to be presumptuous,
information that she ha.d broken loose, and but was greatly rMilcnled by many, aDd
then I had to go down and put In the rest of prophesies were freely indulged in that Her
the night getting her fast again. This ship Majesty
ould withhold he
consent. It
wal occupied until 1869, when the club wali not so, though, for early In August the
acquired a. water lot west. of Res' wharf following letter WaS receiv
d by the secre.
where they erected a commodious club tar)' of the club :- .
house and substantial wharf. During the GOIERXMENT HOUSE, Quebe('. Augu.tt.l854.
autumn of 1873 the club en ageJ . for G

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n

jrs

e1
on
';

use during the winter months the premIses received a despatch from Her ]l{1/J<;8ty'S Seere-
now known all Club Chambers. In 1874 the tary of State fo!' the Coloniea statlnl't' that .he
nro pe rt y on Kin g street ad J ' oinini the old has laid before tbe Q
.en the petition of
"e
. d members of the CanadIan Yacht Club. praylDl:
Montrea.l House was purchase as. town I that Her Maie8ty would be pleased to permit
club house. Here they remained till 1877 I them to RSSI1:ne tho style of II Royai," and that

LA}, D
IARKS OF 'l'ORO
TO.

963

H
r Majesty wa,> graciously pleased to comply I twenty-four seconds less than the \Yave,
with th,'lf prl\} er. " whi,'h came in second.
\P
r(\

b
dI
n

('

:
nt. I Tht:re were other ra
es on tÌ1e Saturday
(::3igned) AUG, T. HA:\IILTO
. for yachts anrl open boats. 'That for the
. l\lilitarv SeCl'etary. formel" class of vessels \\ as ags.in won by the
John EttrlCk, ES9', Coral, 1I10/'e than twenty minutes ahead of
Secretar)" C. Y.C., 11 - 1 ' 1 ' " 1 I
Toronto, C. \'-. a competItors. Ie prIze W
'S .. 50. n
The next two or three years passed qui
tly the open boat race for $30 the Flirt won,one
by in lihe Club's history, nothing occurring minute ana nine secouJs ahead of her com-
to disturb the memhers in ,. the even teaor petitors. the Peerless, Saginaw auò Luck-
of their way." now
During the season of 1838 whatis described I In 1839, on .Tuly 31th, two cups gi.ven by
as "a grand yacht race " took place in To- , the commoJore of the club were contended
ronto harbor ou Saturday, ,July 10th. The 1 for ou a. course round a buoy at the far end
competing ve
sels were the Canada, Prima. of Toronto harbor, tÌlf>n outside the Islaud,
Donna, Rivet, Sea (
ull a.nd ""ave. 'fhe douuling the harbor huoys' wharf, rounding
last.named started with the others, but re- I a buoy outside Clindinning's in the lake,
turned almost at once, strong weather hav- amI home to the moorings, sailing i side the
inJ seli in, Only one ya.cht ,,,ent over the I b'
(lYs at the Queen\.. wharf. The competing
course, the heavy weather havin
oreventf'd yachts were the Prima Donna, S, .Munro;
buoys being h\id off Mimico PO
Dt, Owing [he \\'anderer, C. E. Romain; the Canada,
to this ca.use the result was disputed. The S. Sherwood; anJ 'Yater Lily, Captain
prize was al(
up valued a
f:20 curren(.y,or$W). Durie, 'I bese were for the first cUlJ. For

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8TEA'IER PROVINCIAL,
A second regatta took place a.t Toronto on I the second the yachts entered were the
Fnday and Saturday, October 1st and 2nd.
torm QJ
een, Cha!;! Grasett; \Yavt., T. J.
Two prizes were offered, the first of $240, Robertson; Sa
inaw, ,\lessrs. Cambie; anà
to be competed for by tirst-clas
yachts; the the Crinoline, J. Boulton The 'Vanderer
other of $(;0 for ves5.els of inferior capacity. and 'Vave were the winning yachts respec.
There were five entries for the first pt'ize, tively, It is satisfacto:y to learn that "at
namely, the \Vanderer, the Coral, an Ameri. the close the members of the cluh dined to-
can yacht, owned by :M r. J. Od.de3, of gether." It is to be hoped that the even,
French Creek, New York; the R
lle, of ing's amusement bore the morßing's refl.ec-
Kinf!ston, the property of O. L Gilder- tiún.
eleeve; the Sea Gnll, of Hamilton; and the The club made no very great progress nor
Canada, like the 'Vanderer, a Torouto \'es. did aIòfthiug very remar"able for the next
sel. For the second f.LCe then:: were five few years They held re_atta.s with more
entries also, namely, the Fairy, Fleda., or le:>s regula.rity and kept themselves to-
Cygnet, WaYe and Prima Donoa. gether, but did not achieve a.ny great popu-
The first race WM won by the Coral, she larity or create any intense sensation.
beating all competitors bv three minutes In 186
) though the club showed that it
a.nd seventeen 8ecOl
d8. The se onù was was not remarkably actiye, it wa.s anyt.hing
earried off by the Prima Donna, bel' time but moribund. That was tht: year in which
beiug one hour,fifty-four minute:> and twenty H. R. H , the Princ
of \Y alei, paid hi.
seconds, th!lot bemg eight minutes and memorable yisit to Canada. Of those who

9ô4

L_-\XIHIARKS OF TORONTO.

welcomed 111m on t.hat occasion, th re are I fire was being kindled
hich, v\oÏth the elee,
not. many remainmg. It is morl' than !to gen- tion of Lincoln in N oyember, burst into a
eration since, ann while many have sought blaze, which nearly consumed the hel.\rt of
.. fresh fields and pastures new," yet more a great people. These were truly stirring
have joined the ranks of the great and mut.e times.
majorit.y. A Toronto writer. speaking of The Prince arrived in Toronto by the
this period, very aptly remarks that steamer City of Kingston, of the Canadian
.. When one comed to thinK of it, this was N,wigation Company's lÏi.1e, now known as
a somewhat momentous period in the world's I the Richelieu & Ontario .Navigation Com-
history. 'j he Fr/l.llco-Austl'ian war had just I pany, on September 7th, and was most

/
/

-;--

c:-

,
\
}

THE ORIOLB.
terminated with the battles of Magenta a.nù I heartily and enthubiastically welcomed uy

olferino. and Garibaldi, heaJ.ing the the entire populace.

i('ilian revolt had commenced that victorious A rega.tta was alTan
ed to take place on
march which brought aboat the birth of a September 11 th, and it was intended that
new nation-lta.lia Una. The Chinese war the Prince should attend it, comine
was at its height, and the eombine-d fleets of there from the railway station on his returñ
.France and England lay in the Pehtane-, from CollingwoJd, where he had been for
while the troops roused the rr andarins of a short visit.
Pekin. and came back with an lIldemnity of I He ùuly arriveil and was leceived in a
8,000,000 taels. In t.he United States
hat I vast a.mphitheatre which had in its centr

L.\XD
L\RKS OJ? TORO
TO.

965

:he royal pa.vilion with an ele\"ateà platform
at the back for the more pro.l:Ïnent of the
Prince's enterta.iners.
ï he commodore of the club, Lieutenant
Colocel Durie, the sometime comma.l1ding
otficer of the Queen's Own Rifles, as soon as
the Prince \\<as seateù presented him with
an addrpss on behalf of
he club, to which
H R. H. briefly replied.
On occasions such as these all roya.l ad-
dresses are of the same cha.racter and the
replies made by their recipients are of the
lòame stereotyped nature, so it is unneceg-
sary to re-produce either the one or the
other.
The following is an excerpt from .. a.
chapter from the log-book of the yacht I
Oriole" :-
.. There was, unfortunately, some delay,
and in the meantime the rain came down, so
that the .Prince was compelled to seek
shelter, which, howe\'er, he SO')II abandoned,
saying, · I must see the start. '
"While at the end of the ",harÏ an incident,
occurred which was often afterwards recalled
with a laugh A kindlv individual bustled'
up to His Royal Highness, saying,' TaKe:
lilY umurella, sir, at the sallie tilllð pres::mt-
ing a shabby but prodigious I!Îngham. 1'he
Pl'Înce laughingly decLi:led the offer, and took
bhelter ou the railway platform.
"1'h tleet, with wet sails tiapping in the
stron
wind, Pl.esenred a verv stirrin
pic-
ture. .\ heavy sea from the south-west
came tumbling through between the then
distant island an i the mainland, and the
largel' boa.ts strained and tugged at their
llIoorings like dogs at th(' leash, while the
toam.fh'cked wa\-es broke over their bows,
iirenching their cre\\ s, w1::o in their oilies
looked the re\"erse of amateurs_
"What a. flood of memories the old names
recall! 'l'he old Ri\-et l:itill serviceable, was
then in her youth an 1 was sailed by E. and

. Blake. The Canada, 2,') t&!lS, the la.rgest
though not the fastest of the fleet, was then
the property of Alderman Sherwood. The
Sea. (;uU, Bailed by J. H.
iaillgay. of Ham-
ilton, and the Arrow, by
lr. \Vallace, of
Cobourg, were about the size of the Rivet-
1; tons-while Commodore DlH'ie's \Yater
Lily and J. 1'. Robertson's Dar, were two or
three tons r,maller.
"Of the second class-lO tons and under-
there we're: Prim t Donna, J. Hamilton,
Toronto; J<:xpert, :\11', Delany, Cobourg;
Glance, G, Oliver, Cobourg, and Phantom,
J. H Perry, \Vhitby, These yachts were
all of ,lbout 10 tons burthen, while the
smaller of three or four tons, sailin!! in the
same clas!i' were Surge, J.
let.calf, Hamil,
ton ;
lariner.
11'. Stinson, Hamiltoll, and:
Fa.iry, 1'. Bi
by, of Toronto. I

R. C. Y. C T.ArSCH.

966

L'\.XV)IARKS OF 'I'ORÜXTO.

" The race was to
fimico. and necessi- I 'I'he manufacturers are Messr.s Hunt and
tated & long beat against a heavy sea. Only Roskell, of 1;')6 New Bonù street, silver-
a few manage.! to get over the course, and smiths to tho: Queen and royal family."
all suffered m"re- or less. Canada ran I The first race in 1861 was spoken of by
agroun I ; \V ater Lily and Dart lost bob and the Toronto papers of the time as not bl."ing
forestays, and .Prima Dúnna c.:rried away a very spirited affair, in consequence of the
her pJak h!l.lyard, SD of the first class only very light wind that prevailed duriu
the day.
tWt) went o\'",r the course, Rivet being about Seven yachts started from where they
15 mi.lutes ahed.d of Arrow. Ulmce won in were moored ûpposite the Club House.
the second class." Eight had ùeeil entered, but one, the l'han-
'['he l'rince, owing to his many engage- tOlD, of Whitby, failed to put in an appear.
ments, wa.s able to do no more than witness ance, These were the names of the compet,
the start. ing yachts: The \Vide Awake, Dart, RivE-t,
A t a meeting held on :March 4th, 1861, in Irene. Arrow, Cygnet and \Vater Lily.
tbe club house, which was in the hull of the T.he race was won by the \Vide AW/L';:e,

teamer Provincial, moored to the Esplan. a I:Imall boat of four tons ùurthell, built.
ade, opposite where the Union Station now on the Genc'see river a.nd owned by
stands, Mr.
ecretary .Armstrong read a Mr, J. Elliott of Cohourg The
letter from 1\11', William Cuoper, yachting following concise òescription of the
editor of Bell's Life, Letter known uuder day's proceedin'!s from the Toronto \Vee:dy
the nom de plume of ., V'l.nderdet::ken," who Lender of St-ptember 13th. 1861, leaves one
ha.d previously been in corresponåence with unùer the impression that on this occasioil
the club. as to the propriety of asking the a1i any rate .. the nlace to spend a. happy
Prince of \Yales to give a cup in com. day" was not in 'l.'oronto witnessing the R.
Ult:moration oÎ his visit to Toronto '1 he C. Y. C. regattfl.. "There was nothing
matter was taken up and a coa,mittee worthy of notice m the sailing of the
appointed to petition his Royal yachts; the wind
ave no opportunity for
Highness, and this was in due form sent displaying those nice points of seamanship
through the authorized channel. connected with a well-contested race, a.nd
About six months afterwards a reply was the whole affair passell off very tam 'ly."
received from Gen. Bruce-who was related III 1862 the race took place on September
to the Earl of Elgin, and much mte. ested in 8th from Toronto for the Prince of \\ ales'
Canada-to the effect that the Prince had cup. It had been a.rranged pre,oiously that
pleasure in complying with the request, and the course should extend from Torllnto to
a cup would,in due time, he forwarded. 'l.'his Port DalhousIe and back, a total distance of
was,of course,a source of much jubilation, and about seventy mdell, thus affordine- a good
though the valuable preflent Was not reC'ei\'- opportunity of de\-eloping the sailing powers
ed until 1863, provision \\'as at once made of the cratts entered, These were Be\'en,
for its free entry through the customs, and namely, the Gorilla, the property of
lr.
rules were made as to its custody. In re- :-:tandley, of Cobourg; RÏ\'et, Captain
cognition of the valuabie services of ..v an- Elmsley, Toronto; Breeze, Dr. Hod ler, 'I'or-
del'decken" he wa.s elected an honorary mem- onto; U.ance,
lr. U. Hawke, Toronto; \Vide
berof the club Awr..ke, Mr. Elliott, Cobourg, anù the
The l.Jnily Newll, of Londoil,England,pub- I Arrow, Mr. Wa lace, Cobourg, The cup
lished August 17th, 1861, thus speaks of the was won by the Gorilla, her til1le being 6
Prince of \Vales' Cup, presented to the hours, 46 minutes 25 seconds, The Rivet
club :-" The challenge cup piesented by f..Howed her in thirty minutes, and the
His Roval HighnesB the Prince of 'Vales to Breeze, thou'th third, was more than two
this club is about on8 of the handsomellt hours behind. l.'his WaS the second year &
things of the kind that ha.s yet been made. Cobourg yacht had carried off this cup, the
h conlliats of a vase in frosted silver, partly \\'ide A wakl', of the same place, having
turnished, and wilJ be competed for in Sep- secured the trophy iil 1861.
tember next. Two principal meda1lionll in In the years 63 and '64 Mr. R. Standley 8
Jow relief illustrate aD incident in the life of yacht, the Gorilla, proved the winner; in
Columlms, in which the 'treat discoverer 1865 there was no race, and in 1866 and '67
q1J.eHIl his mutinous B&ilon, and the cession :Mr. E. Beakes' Ripper WaS the conquering
of a tract of land (afterwards vessel.
calloJ Pennsylvania) to Wil iam Penn, In 1868 the Geraldine, E. M. Hodder, wa.
Two i;raceful female figures form the handles; successfu I, and in 1869 the M oaquito, owned
the cover of the cup is lurmounted by a by Mr. E. '1. Copeland. came in winner.
figurE' of Britannia. 'Ihe base is of ebony Since 1854 the club had steadily il1creaEed
bearing two shieldB engraved wit:, the in the numbt:r of its members anù its ves.
baòge of the Prince and the inlcrjption. sels, and in 1869 and 1870 bu It.. large and

LAND
IARKS OF TORO
TO,

967

commodious club heuse, neady opposite the I Committee of .Management-Messrs. G. l\J,
Parliament buildings, Oil Front st., Toronto. Ha.wke, B. Harman and D. M. Defoe; oj
The olficers for 1870-71 were as follows '- I Sailin'{-
Ies8r8. \V m. .A rn.stroilg, H. L.
Commodore-Dr. E.
J. Hodder; Vice- I Hime and S. F. Holcomb; of Finance-
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:?
THE 7EU.iA.
Commodore-Mr. B. R. Clarkson; Captain I
fessrs. John Macnab and James E Robert-
-
J r J. n. G, Ha:.'
arty; Secreta.ry- :\Jr. lion. A l1ditor-l\1r. C. Hea.th, The officer.
A. R no we 1: Trea.surer-
1r. Wm. Hope; for the year were ex-officio memlers for all

968

LANl))lARKS OF TORON roo

committees The life members were
]8ssrs, \ · · .. The Royal Canadian Yacht Club is a
Robert Denison, F,
. Holcomb, Thomas disgrace and a shame to the name of yacht
S
ortis, G. l\I, H.awke, F. H. Eccles, H. L. club. This is hard language I .' now but I
Hune, E. G. LtJlgb, ß. R Clarkson and only speak the truth and it is hirrh time it
H. G. A. Allen, a.nd the honorary members was spoken." .,

,essrs: Dr. R
e, Capt. Stupa
t,. R. N. ; This hart! hitting epistl" was publi8hed
..\ m. Cooper, OI London; J. EttrlCk and in the Toronto Globe July 1, 1872.
\Vm. Armstl'ong. The patroils of the club Since I 73 the lace has beeil won by Mr_
Wt:re H It H. the Prince of ""ales, hi
Ex- W. C. Campbell's Oriole twice, by
1r. J.
celleucy the ttovern(>c-Geutc'I'a1, his Honor Leys' yacht of the same name three i imes.
the Lieute
ant.Uovernor of Ontario and Between the victories though of the former
VÍfscount Bury. and the latter Oriole, in 1876 Mr. G. H.
LIST O}' YACHTS. I Wyat
with his yacht Brunette carried off
I the prIze.
The followinl:{ is a list of the yachts, with In 1880
I r, A. It. Boswell was successful
th ir owners a.nd tonnage ;- with the
Iadcap: it must be confesseà
Tons. it is hard to connec' 1\1 r. 1'08well with
J .. d " t . th I . ..
f:cra]dine....... ..8chr"" E. :\01. Hodder.... 28 any . ma cap en er

lse, oug I 10 tms
Glance,......... . .Clhler, ..R. R, Clarkson.. J! I case It was so, and facts are stubborn
K
strel......... ,..sehr,..,. J. H. G. Hagarty la things."
Rivet........... .cutter,..R.Elmslc)....,...I6 I I 1881 th Ù . 1882 ' 1
Mystic,...........sch:-....,H WaU,N.Y.. 46t I n erewasnorace,an In ur.
'Vide.a,wake.... .sloop .' B. I
. Clarkson..

McGaw with. hi
lovely little craft the
Mona......... ,.cutter:." .
. It,
11
n...... 1
Cygnet came lU ,"'lUner.
Icta .............. cutIel .. Geo. Eadie...... Ia ' l ' h f Lh t t 1
Fa.wn ............ cutter, . =-'. Hlldder, Eng. 28 en or . e nex en Yt'ars c?,mc . t Ie re-
Stella,.......... ..cutter.. ,H.
\Ioffat. .....,. 6 I mark able senes of Gooderham \"lctoncs,
Jr,
Met: li ?........., schr.._ .{ s. Dugmore... .J W. G. GooderÌ1'J.m with the Aileen winnlUg
GorIlla ...........sloop ..,Cclpt. GJfford.... 28 the race fort.hree successive years.
P"'rel..... ......sloop ...J.E.Turnbull.... " 1 f 1886 . 11890 b h .
Donna del Lago.. sloop,. ..1.... "-. Barron.... 6 J len rom . untl , ot years lU-
Zephyr.......... .dandy . .Sir H, Parker,... 6 clusive .Mr. G. Gooderham with the Oriole-
Mosquito....... sloop...,
;,l\1. Copeland... I:! tha' yacht in which all 'J orontollians . take
Van
uard....... sloop.... CaJJt, Du, more...:!2 an interest-was the victor.
Rapid .......... _ sloop,.. .R. Courileen...... 6
Annis.......... ....lonp.. .Co].8haw........ t In Ib91 the Vreda,
Ir. A. R. Boswell's
::\"ooya,...........-- ..,. --:\Iol
on....... new yacht, WOIl the cup only to have it
For the race of 1870 the following yachts wrested from her in the year ] 892 l,y the
started, namely, GÐrilla.. [da, Geraldine, Onoll', this being the sixth Tictory for the
Kestrel, Glance and
teUa.. The Gorilla latter.
came in first, ff)llowed closely by the Ldn, In 1893 :Mr. Norman Dick's yacht the
but, accor ing to the rule;:! of the R. C. Y. c., Zelma, won the race after a very spirited
the Ida beilJg a smaller vessel than the contest.
liorillR, should be a.llowed 9
minutes' time, The Zelma was designed by Fife and built
80 that she really won the race. by
talJton of Picton, the same builder whu
In 1871 the race was aborth'e, though turned out the well known yachts Irene and
seyeral yachts started. Kelpie. Her length overa.ll slightly exceeds
In 1872 lJaptain Gifford's yacht the fifty-five feet. with a width of ten feet seven
Gorilla, of Cobòurg, was a!.!aill afloat, having I inch,s, and'a draught of eight feet eight
bee'1 completely rebuilt and presented It re- inches. When she was launched it Was said
mark ably neat appearance, 'I he schooner ot her that" every detail ot her construction
yacht Geraldme wa.s disposed of in 18ì2 to I gave evidence of caretul supen'isioll and

lr. C. H. Sampson, who entirely retitted honest workmanship, alld it is doubtful if
her. ' she could have beeu better put together even
A cùIreepoildent of the Globe writill
I OIl the Clyde."
from St. Catharjnes under dnte J une 2
, During the season of 1893 the Zelma sta.rt.
1872, lllake
some very severe strictures on ed in every race for which !:Ihe was eli ib!e
the K C. Y. C. After giving mdny cascs of and fini::;hed with an unbroken record of
neglect on the part of the club's , fficers he tirst pia.ces, notwithsta.nding that in many
goes on to say, .. I was informed that the .::ases sh& had to cOIllpete with boats of
Commodore wanted to sell his yacht, awl ùOl1blc her own tonnage.
tht: only officer owning a yacbt be.:sides him III additiolJ to aswciatiolJ and club prizes
was Ci
ptain Gifford of Cobourg." After a Rhe won in um:J the Queen's cup at Hamil-
few more .::austic criticisms Oil the cluh and I ton. the L,\llSdowlle at Toroilto, and the
all conllel'ted Inerewith he brings his letter Prince of Wales' cup also.
to an end tllU
, "The present officers had A list of the winlJ\'f.:! of the cup is j;tÍ\-en
better resign and give Wd.Y fOl' better men. ' since its mstitutioll.

LAKD
lA RKS OF TORONTO.

D'tej --=:
own =-
=--
I
1861. Wide A wake. C. Elliott.. ,. Mimico, etc.,
and return.
1862. Gorilla...... ì PL. Dalhousie
l and return.
1863. Gorll!a ..'... J R. Standley. pt. Dalhousie
I ana return.
18iì!. Gorilla.. ' , ., Pt. Dalhousie
I and return.
1865. Xo race
1866.IRipple ., .... ) Pt.. Credit and
I E. B!ake . .. . return.
1867. , Ri PP le .. . . . . Pt. Dalhousie
anti return.
1868. , Geraldine , '.. E. M.Hodder Pt. Dalhousie
and return.
1869. , MOSQUito ..... E. M. cope- l :MimiCO, Scar-
land. .. . . . ' boro', etc.
1870- 1 , . . . .. .... .. . . .. ..... ........ Niagara.
1871. l Abortiverace, .............. Niagara and
retnrn.
18;2.!Gorilla.. .. ]C. ClHford...Niagara.
1873.ILady StandleY I B. !-::. Clark-I
18H. : Oriole " ) son.. .. . . "INia
ara, Fi'l'st Class:- -- ----- -----
I J . W .G. Camp. Xiagara. Aggie.................... Cutter....... to,61
1875. Oriole... .... bell, etal..1 Aileen..... .... .......... Cutter... .... 56.90
1876. Brunette...... G. H. 'Vyatt l Mimico, lake Condor............. ...,Cutter....... '2,07
I buoy. Vic- Cricket..........,. ...... "'Cutter....... 3j,36
torh park. Dinah............ ..,'.. .. I cutl er....... 37,66
1877. l oriOle....... ) Lighth'se.lakc Iolanthe......, '" ... Sloo1>........ 37,23
I buoy. Vic- Lady Evelyn... ..,... -. . . j SChOoner.. . . 94.05
toria park. l
a.ura.......,. '..... ...' Sloo}'J ........ 36,92
1878. , oriole....... J Lf' etalLighth'se,lake Lenora,............. .... yawl........ j ........._
" Y", buoy, Vic- Norma.................,'!Cutter ...... {7 ,39 . 7S .1 } 7
toria park. 0 i 1 S h ,.
1879,01'1011'... .... Ligbth'se,lak:e roe....................., cooner.... 63.52
, buoy. Vic- Papoose, , Cutt.er ...... '2.37
toria park. Verve .....' ...... ..'--. I Cutter...... U.29
1880,Madcap.......A, R. Bos1Pt.Credit,Vic- Vision .,.,., ...,.. ..... Sloop....... 35,21
: wel1... .... toria park. Vreda .. ,... .....,...... Cutter...... '7.69
1881. No entrie;;. 'Vhiet lewing . ... ....., .. Curt er .. . .. .
. 76
18R2.:Cygn
t........ T. McGaw.. Mimico, lake Zelma.. ..' ...:. .... _ Cutter......
.92
buoy, Vie
SO Foot (lass. I
1 toria Park. Cyprus. . . . , . . . . . . , . . .. Cutter.. . . . . 32,8
l883"Ailcen ...... ì Mimico. lake E.lJna...... .............. Cutter ...... 29,75
I buoy, Vic. Vedette.. .... .... . .. .. Lugger. .... 29,91
, tOl'iaPark. Wona .... ..... ., .... I Cutter ___ .. 27,52
1881. Aileen...... . f W.GGooder- Mimico. lake . 2;; Foot ('!as,,,!.
I ham, et 801. buo
r. Vie-, Arlel .... ........... . ",Cutter,. .... 2t.46
toria Park. I l3renda .... ..... ........ Sloop.... .. .. 22. 96
ì88j. Aileen..... .. Mimico lake Edn:t .. .. ........ .... ... :5100p........
1.13
buoy,' Vic Hilda.... ..... .......... :51oop,....... 22.69
toria Park. I Kelpie .. .............. .. I cutter ...... 24.98
Mimico lake <Enone. .. '" .......... .. Sloop . .... 24.06
buoy,' ViC- j Volante...... ...... .... Sloop.. __ .. 23,52
toriaPark, Wawa,....,._. ... ...... Lugger.. .. 21.bl
Ex hi b i 1 ion, 21 Foot Class
lake b u 0 y Caprice. . .... .... ....'. Sloop --.... 20.45
Vic. Park. Erchles8..........,....Cuttcr...... 20.26
G, Gooder-Exhibition. 1 Freida .:.'.....'........ Sloop...... lSUO
ham....... iake buoy. Gwendolme .......' ....Lug
er.... 17.29
Vir. Pa.rk. Illlogene - --. ............ '..... " .. .. ..........
Exh i bit ion Irene.. . . .... ......... .. Sloop.. ..... 19.60
la
c b u 0 i f!l-t
hlcen..... .. . .. .. . S,.1oop " .. .. 19.19
I VIC. Park. ,IXle ,......... .......... 'Yawl.. ., .. ........'
1890. l oriOlc........ Exh i bit ion Rf'crnit..,...... -- --. Lugger...... 18.59
lake b u 0 ÿ Woos, ... ..... --.. - ,... Sloop.. .. .. 20.72
Vic. Park. Artful Gilliatt...... " yawl.......... .. . . ..
1891. Vreda..... ... A. R. Bos- Exhibition, !Pistlerlo wü....
L ugg el'

well, et a1. lake b U 0 y. Skiff Clnss-ÆR'eria, Miss Marion, Ole Girl,
Vic. Park. Rivple. Une'\sy. Vioia.
1892.,Ori01e...... ., G. GoodeI" Do. Slemn Yacl/f,<;-Esperanza, Cleopatra, Abe.
ham"..... ona.. Ishkoodah, Alexandra, Flor'i3sant, Sonn..
18D3. ZeJma. ,....." N. H. Dick.. I Do. tag. Ro::;amond.
aiad, Zephyr, Viola.

U'lt or Race'!! for tbe Prince of 'Vales' <'lip,

1886'\Orlol".. .. .. .
1887. Oriole.... . . . .
1888.loriole... . .. . .
I
1889. ,Oriole........

969

Of other matters iü connection with tl:e
club may be mentioned the sailing match oi ,
1875, which on a 32 mile course six yachts
competed. The course was t.hrou_ h the
eastern gap to
1imlco and back. During
the race Colonel Shaw and Captain Lee, who
were on boa.rd the Ina, were swept over-
board, the yacht Dauntless went out of her
course to assist them, succeeding happily in
IH'r efforts. The race was won by the
Cuthbert, but the result was protested
on the Kround that the Dauntless had the
privilege of deviating from her course where
life was concerned.
The prizp.s in this match consisted of the
<C Cha.mpion" flag and $200 for the first
place and $75 for the second arrival.
In 1893 the followiD
vessels comprised
THE CLUB FLEET.

AME OF YACHT.

COR.
LElfGTH.

RIG.

971)

LA
lnL\RKS OF TORONTO.

,I (
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rzl
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Eo<

LAXD
IARKS uF TORONTO.

Qïl

The R C. )'.C. became Ìilcorporated on! Gl sgow; each of them is ot 1.4-10 ton

March 4[.11, 1868, by an Act passed by the! burthen. Thðy are liglltelÌ byelect,ric,ty
Untario Legislature, and on the following a.nd have all the mOl:'t recent improvements,
July 10th received an Admiralty warrant They begau theIr regular work for the
to thi1:l effect :- C. p, R in 1884,
"W" AREA::r..; T _ In the midllle oì :K ovember, 1885, the
Algoma. wa.s wreckeù in a feartul storm
which swept over La.ke Superior, anù many
lives were lost. The following account wa

publiehed at the time of the wl'eck :
.. On the night of the disaster the winJ,
which on board the vepseì seemed only a
fairly strong breeze, was actually a moder-
are gale, aild was forcing the vef'sel along at
the ratp. of sixteen instead of fourteen miles
ail hour. \Vheil, as Capt. .Moore and his
officers supposell, t ey were some
fifteen miles from Isle Royale, Lapt Moore
ùecided to turn his vøssel and get out into
the open lake. The blinding Sl1owstonn
then raging preven ted them frum seeing how
near they were to the fat,al spot. The orders
were being obeyed aild the ves
el had nearly
come rounu when suJdenly
THE STERN STRUCK O
A ROCK,
the steering apparatus was smashed, ana tho
Algoma was helpless and at the mercy ...f the
wind and wa\'

within SIxty feet of lanù-
Nuthin!;! that human ingenmty could devise
could then avail to :oave the vessel, and the
cap tam and officel's, who were all on duty,
applied themsdvea to save the livE's of
passengers and crew. No boat could live iil
that sea. and all attemptl:! to
et out a life-
line were useless. The !:lea was hE'd over the
The Colliugn-oud alul Lak,e Supt'rlor Llne- ve!;;sel, and, in fact, SOOil smashed the small
It>> Iwwedl;lte Sun'elbur. boats to pieces as if they had been eggsheils,
The steamers City of \\lnnipez, City of All this time the Al
oma was pounding on
Owen Sound Hnll Francea Smid., have been the rocks with aJl the force of c\ hea\-y sea.,
often mentioned anJ their route de
cribed, now r'
lsinlJ' her hull out of the water and
as have also the A
goma. and the
Ianitoba. then for
Ï1
g her down as with & steam ham-
These v'l.rious steamers formed the Hile that mer blow of hundreds of tons' torce!. In the
carried passengers 1r01l1 the pro\'Ïnces me"ntime the passengers had been ordered
of Quebec and Ontario to the interior of thl' to gather in ",he bow oÌ the vessel, and. when
north west distric:t via Collingwood. the position of thing
changeJ, were brought
On the completion of the Canadian Pacific aft, but not without having their numbel's
railway, that company formed I!. lin
of much dimiuished. All who obeyed the cap-
their own consisting of the steamer:.'! Algoma., tain's ordors were saved. A life line was
Alberta aild .-\ thal,asca. The
J allÏtoLa Dad st,rung along from the main rigging to the
her name chailged to the larmona, and, Ai stern, anJ } oth officprs anò UleIl did a.ll in
is properly detailed in it.; plact'l,now runs ou their power to save the live::; of the passengers.
the route from Toronto to Rochester. I Ihiò is pro\'eù beyond the po
::;ilJility of a.
The vessels City of \\ïnnipe
, Owen cavil or dl)ubt by the atlidavits of those who
Soull<l and Frances Smith a.r.' now no longer were sa."erl.
afloat. II J t i8 only necessary to add that the first of-
Of th
Algoma. it is unnecl'ssary to say fieer.after Captain Moore was seriously hurt,
anything.
he was first of all c Iled the City finally got all those who w...re still left duwl1
Df Toronto, fm'rning one of the R M. line from the spa.r deck to the main deck aft,
from Toronto to Kingston. ::-he a.iterwards where they were comparati\'eìy slife, till
became the !{acine and finally the Algoma morning broke. Some illea of the terrible
The Alberti
and Athabasca a.re both nature of the storm which broke upon thp.
screw propl'iled steel vessels built for the ver.sel in the e,triy morning may be gathered
C. .P. It. in 18
3, Ly Aiken & Co.. ot from t he fact that the fishermen on hle

Lly the Commis-imW1"S fm' Execlltill(l the OtJice
of Lonl IIiyh .Admiral of the [Tnitetl
I{Ú,ydo1lL of Grea.t Brituin ami Irel'.lUl.
etc.
'\Vhereas we
eem it expedien!> that vesspls
belonging to the Royal Canadian Yacht Club
shall be permitteri to wear the Bille EnsiJ{n of
Her Majesty's fleet WiTh a Crown ill the fly,
We ùo by virtue of the power and authority
vested in us hereby warrant and !Lmhorize the
Blue Enf'ign or Hel' Majesty's fle
t. with a
Crown in the fly. to be worn on board the re-
spective vessels belonging to I he !toyal Cana..
dian Yacht Club accordingly,
Given undr'r our hands and the seal of the
office of Ad;niralty, this tenth d:JY of July. 18
8.
(S.gned) A. W. A. HOOD.
GILFOIW.
ß;r command of thpir Lorclships,
(Signed) 'rHOS. WOLLEY.
The club took possession of their llew
premises on the Island, opposite Toronto,
immediately after the annual meeting on
i\Jay 14th, 1881 Great satisfaciÏon was ex-
pressed by the memoer:> at the a.ccom-
modation provillcd !\ild at. the thorough
maniler in which the work had beeil carried
out.

CHAPTKH. CCL VI.
CANADIAN PACIFIC STEAMERS.

972

Lrl
InlARKS OJ! TOr;U
TO.

Royale, where those who were saved from with excursioni"ts to the Thousand Isles.
the wreck took shelter, Irad th
ir ùeep sea Her commander is Captain '\ïl!iam P:'l.rkin-
uets washed ashore durin!;t that night, an son. She was previously unùer Captainl!l
occurreY1ce l1uprecl'oented in the knowlt)dge Black and La France and h(!r priücipal en'
or memory of the oldp.st among them,"
ineer is the well-k:1own Frank "
hite.
rhe Campana, a propeller of 1,287 tons, The boat s famous fot" the regularity of
built in GlasglJw iu ] S7:
, took the place of her journeys aud ior the attention that is
the Algoma for some time, being chartered paid by t.hose on board of her to all who
by the C. P. R. in l8S9, though the Polson tr>>.vel by her means from Toronto to
Company built at Owen Sounà a yet larger Rochester.
steamer for the C. P. R. than eiLher of the She is elegAutly fit ed throughout,
two just described, She was known ' lighted with elecLricity, i
ud the attractions
as ,he Manitoba, being the secoIHI she offers are greatly appreciated by the
steamer I}f that name. She Wa-Il of steel I travelling public.
throughout, of 1,620 tons capacity, titted A few worrls as to her name will probably
with electric lights ami the latest improved be of some interest. Carmona. is a town in
steam engines, and was vaiued a
a quarter
painintheProvinceofSevil1e,andwasev('nso
million of dolla.rs. far ba.ck as the time of the Romllns, noted for
The C. P. R. b?!! also a steamer at King- its beaut.y, aDd was, owing to the excellence
ston no", knowu as tht' Onon, formerly as of Its arraugpments, a favorite place of resi-
the Isaa.c ,\Iay. She was built ill 1872 bv dence. '\Yell, as tlH
ancient Carmona was,
.Andrews, of Wellanù, and re-iJuilt ill 1891, through its beauties, favored by Its patrons
whf'n her name was changed from Isa1c May so is tht: steamer oi the same name on the
to the one she now bears. She is a pro- Canadian lakes, and fOl' similar reasons.
peller of 490 tons bur,then The OffiCtM of I hi. popular steamship are
'1 he l'. P. R has a.t )10I1t1"eal a '!mOon tug at 9 Front street east, Torocto. She is
propellel' of 50 tOlls,küown as the Siskrivet. I owned by the Canada. Lake Superior Tran-
During the last N orth-west l't
bel1ion the sit Company.
Alhl'rta a'ld Athabasc3 were employed by the
Dominion Government 9S transports for the CHAPTER CCLVIII.
conveyance of the militia. to and from the THE OTTAWA STEAMERS 186493'
disturbeù district!!.
As the steamer,. of the C. P. R. a:
the
largest vessels afloa.l on the Canadian lakes,
so is It claime<l for them that they are also
the best appointed. They are at any rate
largely patronized by the general public.

Their lIistury-Tbe t:arller "e""elll-W('11
KIIOUII ;uld Kt'''pectt'd OnlcialA.
The hi
tory of the earlier steamers plyin

on 'he Ottawa river between
Iontl.e"l And
what is now the capital of the Dominion is
very obscure, anrl it has been found all but
CHAPTER CCL VII. impossible to ascertain their names and
THE ROCHESTER ROUTE-1889-'93. owners with any degree of accuracy.
In other portions ot the history of the
Tbe Steawdlip C;nlllon:a - "f'r "I'e,'loUI Canadian )Iarine, reference has occasionally
IIl!!tur)'-,\ppruprlntcly l\ullleci. bpen made to steamers known to have run
'1 he Cd.rmona is a åouble-decketl side- to Otta" a from Kingston and other ports,
wheel steamer of 590 tons capacity. Her thou!!h until about 1830 the traffic was most
length is 175 x 45 x 11. 6, illcon
iùet"able.
She \\as originally known as the )Iani- In 1856 the Ottawa River
Jail StealllPrs
toba, and was built at Thorold in 1871 by ran from :\Jontreal to Ottawa City (By town)
\!elancthon :Simpson, who, like his brother d.aily,
undays excepted. 'fhey were the
John, was a well. known shipbuilder. Lady Sim
son (Capt, H. W. ::-ihepherù),

he first formed 0 e 01 the well-known froUl Lilchine to Carillon, amI the Phcenix,
Beatty Line, running from Sa.Lnia on the I from (;renville to Ottawa City. '[hey went
Upper Lakes Afterward'! her name was through l,y daylight.
changed to Carm,ma. amI in conjunction Thit:> wa.s spoken of as the cheapest, best
with the Cambria formed a. locai line from and most eonvenient route. P.
rties leadn

Owen :-'ound to the Sault Ste.
laril'J in
10ntrea1 by the 7 a.m. train (for Lachine),
connection with the C. P. R from the àepot in r.onavpnture street,
In the autumn of 1890 the Carmona wa.s rt:ached Ott'1\\'a City the same p\'ening. 'I he
tramferreù to Toronto an 1 iü the following steamers stopped to deliver mails at all the
season, that of 1891, bhe ran to Lorne and principal places along the riv 1', incllld
ng
t
rim>;by Parks. Point .Au'{ rlnglais, tor the o.ccommodatlOn
In 1892 t1l111 1
93 l'Ihe ran from Tor(lnto lo of the inhabitants of the County of T,' 0
Rochester daily, making occasiOnal trips Mountains

LANDMARKS OF TOROKTQ

973

Return tickets were issued to tourists and I The steamers comDrisiõl
the Ottawa
plea-sure parties on a liberal scale. River N avigatlOn Company's fleet in 1893
Freight for this line had to be delh-ered are the Empress, Sovp.reign, Maude, Prince
at the Bonaventure str
et depot by 6 p.m., I of \Vales and Princess. '
to ensure its regular despatch the ioHowing The first two are passenger nssels, the
day. others are what are called mark t boats and

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THE STEAMER J<:)IPRESS.
In 1864 the present Ottaw.\ River Navi- I are largely patronized by farmers, country
gation Company was incorporated and since I qealers, lumbermen and othel.s resi,ling on
then there has been throuO'hout the summer the route between the two cities. who send
monthi5 a. sen-ice betw
n .Montreal and what they produce down the river to
Ottawa which the most exalting person Montreal, and on the return journey bring
cúuld do nothing hut praise. with them or have sent to their homes
Previous to 1864 the following steamers gooda which they require but could
formed the line, namely, the Queen Victoria, not produce. A modern \\ riter, speaking of
Prince of Wales, Phænix, Atlas and Lady the scene presented on the
Jontreal wharf
Simpson. Of these '-essels the Prince of when these boats are unloadin
, says: .. Un
Walee is still upon the river. certain days of the week" hen market Q

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THE STEAMER SOVt:REIGN.
In the summer there is no more fay-ol'ite I held in :Montreal, it ill an interesting sight
t
)Ur for residents lD the Lower and Mari- to see these boats unloading at theIr wharves,
time Provinces than that from Quebec to the variety of stock and the gatherinl! of all
O
ta\\'a by the :St. Lawrence and OttlLwa sorts and descriptions of people makin
up a
Rlverd. A party of tourists can leave the lh'ely scene."
former city at five o'clock in the evening of I The Empress, Captain A. Bowie, is an iron
onc day and reach the la.tter at' sIde wheel vessel of 410 tons. S' e was built
six o'clock in ,th
evenmg of at Montreal in 1875 :j,uJ was formerly known

he next
accomphsh,lD!; the whole I as tne Peerless. She ,,'as rebuilt in i886
J
urncy, wIth the exceptIOn of a "ery short rand besiJes being noble to accommodate near-
Ulstal1ce between
lontreal and Lachine by I ly eight hundreà passengers is cOl,sidered
water. one of the fastest ri \'c:' steamert! afloat.

974

LAND
JARKS OF TOROl-iTO.

The SO\"ereign,Captain William S
f'pherd,
is also a side wheel steamer, constructeù of
Bteel throughout, and is of three hunùred
an.} three tons burthen. She was built by
"-hite, of
lontreal, in 1889, on the model
of tho boats which ply on the H uùson river
between New York and Albany She can
accommodate rather more than' seyen hun-
fired passengers. her state rooms, saloon
and dining rooms being fumisheù mo::;t com-
fortably. and finh,hed in natural -Noods.
Her commandin!! officer is Captain Shep-
hf'rd, who is at once the oldest and most
experIenced captain naviJa'ing the Ottawa
river, He has been in command of steamers
therpon for upwards of forty years.
His first vessel was the Lady Simpson,
which he con.manded for many yeanl with
credit to himself and nis employers, besides
being most popular with thc passeng rs car-
ried_ The Lady Simpson was succeed. d by
the Prince of \ '" ales in 1860, and she by the
SO\"ere=gn in 1889.
A corre$pon ent, referrin
to Cap-
tain ::--hepherd's services, thus pleasa.ntly
Bpeaks of him :-" During the period
of nearly halÏ a. century in which Capt.
Shepherd has had comma.nd of these vessels.
their reputation as favorite steamers, well
and successfully navigated, has been fully
maintained. ..
The Prince of \Vales \\ as built by CanUp,
of )Iontreal, early in 1860, is of 3,044 tons
bnrthen, and I as since she was Drst put
upon the river been in constant use.
'I he Princess, of nearly the same
tonnage as the former stearn
r, was
built at Carillon in 1872, and has re:l-
dered her owners most efficient sen-icc.
The '\ll1.ude was built by Cantin, of
lon-
1;real, in ISG9, has a ca,pacity of one hun-
dred and sc'"enty-two tons, and is In use by
the company as a tug.
The officers of
h6 Ottawa Rh'er Naviga.
tion Company are as follows :-Presi ellt,
Mr. R. \\'. Shepherd; vice,preshlent. Mr.
J. Gibb; B8 -retary and manager, .\!r. R. W.
Shepherd, j mior. All these gentlemen are
thorou!! hly conversant with all the details
appertaining to their business.

CHAPTER CCLIX.
THE R. & O. COMPANY.

't'1It" "':..uou.. I..akt"
o.npany-Sllnu

Of:,ble
S

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IS..) 9..
A separate chaptP-r has already been de-
yoted to the history of tll e Royal .\J ail Line,
which as!o mail line, ceascd to exist about
1857, and its story has b en fully told else-
where, It was eucceed d by the Canadian
'Kavigat:on Company and the latter still

continued to designate their vessels as
"Royal
Iail Steamers," at I ast that was
t.he term applied to those plying between
Hamilton, Toronto and Montreal.
In 1875 a great change was effected
though, for the Canadian Navigation Com-
pany in that year amalga.mated with the
Ricnelieu Navigation Company, of Yontreal,
and under the style of the Richelieu and
Ontario Navigation Comp ny han con-
tinueù their business ever since,
'I his is one of the largest lines of inland
passenger and ireight steamers combined
that is to be founù either in Canada ur the
United States, the" R. ami 0 " bf'ing almost
a3 much of a household word ou this side of
the Atlantic as the "P. and 0." is on the
(j
her.
The steamers belonging to the Canadian
company when its amalgamation tock pl,l.ce
with the Richelieu. were as follows :-"1 he
Passport, Magnet, Kingstol', Champion,
Grecian, Spartan, Uorsican ax:d Bo'
hemian, All of these vessels han been
spoken of previously, and after
e'ghtcpn years have elapsed, four of them
are stillnpon their 0 d route, and likely to
continue thcre yet for many yeus,
\Vhen the .. Richelieu"' company ab-
lorbed the " Ca:ladian" company, Sir
Hugh Allan, of the famous line of ocean
steamships, was its chp.irman, so it is almost
needless to say it had been most, efficiently
managed, It had many routes, each of
which will be described later.
The eDlire number of different routes thø
company now covers is as follows: To-
ronto and .\olontreal, I'nd between
the lattel. city and Quebec. From
)ll.ntrenl to Saguenay forms un.
other route in connection with the steamel.S
plying from Quebec to SagueLay Then
there are the ferrY:i from .\lontreal to
Longl1euil and St. He!en's Island and from
Hochelaga to Boucherville. Besiles these
there are the ,.arious market boats, of which
the names and routes will be given in due
course.
The principal route is of course that
bet" een Toronto anll :Mon treat, anel it is but
titting that the tirst to be described IIhould
be
THE MONTREAL ROUTE.
'J he vessels upon this course in 1875 havÐ
already been mentioneJ. Of those then in ex-
istence the Kingston was wrecked, was sub.
sequently rebuilt and callpd the
Algerian and ii5 on the route now.
The l ha.mpion Was a wooden vessel,
became unseaworthy about 1880 ",nel
w' s hroken up. The Grecian was wrecked
in 1870, on Split Rock, above the Cascaùe
Rapids in the St. La\' rence. Shl' had on

LAKD
L\RKS OF TORONTO.

975

hoard at the time a battery of [{oy"l Artn- I france. Her route WaS between Hamilton
lery un'\er cemmaad of Captain, now Maj."1T, and Montreal, making a weekly journey
(;cn(',a.l S:mdom, all of whom with their from and to each port.

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TH'/!; STEAMER ALGI BIAN.
cquipments were saved. The steamer It:;clt, I 'l1.e v
..
r three vessel. on the Montreal
though, b. dome a tot80110ss. route are the Corsica.n, Spa.rtan and AI-
Among the other ves.sels the Passport anà gerian. The tir3t of t
ese was built in 1870

THE STEAMER r AssrORT.
Ma.gnet are the oldest; they havE' been in I in Gilbert's shipyard a.t Montreal, is of .78
constant service since 1847, aud all particu- tons Lurthen, had new boilers put in in 1891
lars concerning them have been given else- and h9r engine. "compounded II in 1892.

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THE S'l'J:AMEJt MAGSET.
where. 111 1893 the former stea.mer was I The Spartbn iø a much older vessel than
unde
' tbe command of Captain A.
. Craig, the ODe just named. She was built by tbe
e.nd the latter unðer that of Ca}Jtam Z. La. nme firm in 1864, and at the Barne place.

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LAKD)U RKS OF TORO
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She h,
s a capacity of only twenty-two tons I I the ,Montreal anù Quebec, and are command,
less than the Corsican, and her E'ngines were ed by Captains L. II Roy and Robert
likewise" compounded" a year C1
rIier than Nelson. They are "furnished with all the
the Corsican's. I latest modern improvements, are unsurpassed
The Aherian, the Kingston's succeRsor, for speed, comfort and safety,"' and form the
bas already been describE' I. She is of the only ùirec;; daily water rout. between .MOll.
lame tonnage as the Spartan. treal and Quebec.

L.J.....

TilE STE_
MER SPARTAN.
These steamers all connect with the Captain Roy's steamer is the smalleet of
H..
ilton Steambr>at Company's vessels and the two, but she is nevertheles! a magnificent
those also of the Niagara line. vessel. She was built in 18:>0, as so many
On the downward journey to :\Jontrea.l more steamers have been, by Gilbert, of
the following ports are c!l.lled at, namely, MontrE'al, is of five hundred and nineteen
Darlington, Port HC'pe, Cobourg. Kingston, ! ton8 cap:J.city and can combrtably accommo-
Clayton, Round Island. Thousand Isla.,d date nearly two hundred cabin passengers.
Park, Alt'xandria Hay. Brockville. Prescott, I 'he had new boilerg in 1891 and is lighted
Cornwall and Coteau Landing. There is a throughout by electricity. She is a side-

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THE STEAMER M()
TREAL.
lllight va.riation in the upward journey a!! I wheel iron steamer with compound en-
the steamers call at the ports on the Bay of I ginE's.
Quinte. The Quebec is 110t quite so old a stea.mer
The ne.xt route in importance to that just as l;he Montrea.l having only beeu launched
delO:ibetl is tha(of the Lower St, Lawrence, in 1865. She 'was built by Le M.as at.
or the Sorel, and is an iron side.wheel Y88'òel of
QUEBEC ROUTE. 8t'\"en hundred and fifty tons ca.pacity. and
Two st.ea.mer,g ply daily on the river be. is \'alued by her ownt'rs at no less tl.a.n
tween Montreal and Quebec belonging to R. $8;) 000, She can accommodate nearly three
a.nd u. They are moat appropriately na.,fJed hundred pa.ssengers, aud is a. most populcl.r

978

LANDMARKS OF TORONfQ

nSlJel. She had a new deck in 18;7, and I travel that ha\'e baen ilescribed is the dàily
w
s en
irely oved.auled anù exten
jvel.. reo 1 line throughout the summer season from
pal 'ed lD 1891. Kingston known as the
THE SAG[TE
AY ROUTE. KINGSTO
AND MO
TREAL LINE.
The steamers plying on this route are the This in 1893 consisted of the steamers
Ca.rolina and Canada, between Mon treal and Columbian and Bohemian, which were fitted
th3 Saguenay River, and the steamer, out expressly for this service. They left
Saguenay, bet" een Queb
c and the river. I Kingston daily, calling at all intermediate

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The tw
former vessels are under the com, I ports between there a.nd Montreal, and COIl'
mand of Captains Bernier and Btl.rraf respec. JI
cted at that port with cit her the st
amt'rs
thyely. for Quebec or the RIver Saguenay. Speak-
The Canada. was built at
orel in 187\) by ing of the journey by water from Hamilton
\Vhite, is of five hundred and seventy tOllS at the head of Lake Ontario to thp.
and Iii a.n iron side-wheel steamer, River Saguenay, it has bet:n fitly de;;cribed
The Saguenay was built by Brunet of as" one of the longest lines of inland water
Quebec, in 1868, was formerly knowIl as com "11unication on the continent, and which
the Union, is a. side-wheel steamer, ,.ïth a. for gnndeur and variety of scener,}" cannot

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'l;HE STEAMER CAROLINA.
capacity of seven h
ndr..d &l1d twenty tons. ! be surpa!:!:sed, if equalled, in the whole
Her na.me was chan
ed to tha.t she now i world,'
bea.n in 1892. The Bohemian was built many years ago
The Carolina made
er first appear'ance in I by Cantin, of Montreal, but was entirely reo
1893, ha.ving been purchased from a. United I built in 189'2. She is a side-wheel steamer
States firm. of three hundred and eighty tons, and il

upplementary to the various routes of I under the command of Captain A. J. "Uakc....

LA
D
{ARKS OF TûRONTO.

979

-

'fhe Columbian, a ve: sel of wJ.ich her I 'The vessel itself is. lide wheel steamer
proprietors are justly proud, is a twin screw of five hundred a.nd twenty-five tons burthen.
6tt:amer. built at Chelter, Pl.., U.S.A, in I built by White. of Sl reI, in 187(1, a.nd
1892.
be il cons'ructed. of steel. her bot- thoug
now, at the close of the sealon of
tom belDg .heathed wIth wood, and her 1 1893, 10 her twenty, fourth year of service,
capa.city is four hundrf'd and eighty-eight maT, through the fact that she is an iron
tons.
be is commanded by Captain GeoriZe ,'("ssel, be t:xpected to last for many years
Batten. longer.

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ADA.
These steamer! are only employed in the " 1 he Str. Chambly's route is from Mon.
beight of the season. 'I here is yet one other treal to Chambly through the RicheIioo
'-ranch of R. & O. '15 bU3ines8 of which no. river. She il an iron aiele wheel st
amer,
thing has been said, th.' is ,heir I buili by White, c.f Sorel, in H!7l, and has a
FA
OtlS MARKET :BOATS. eapacity of two hundred tonl.
These are the Trois Rivieres, Captain :5t. The Kerthier runs between Montreal and
Louia; Cha.mbly, Captain Franche Mon. Three Rivers. calling at intermediate ports.
tague; But.hier, Captain Boucher; Terre- I She is also I\n Cron side wheel vessp.I. and
bonne, Cd.ptain Laforce; and the L;;prairie, I was built by the same firm and at the same
Captain <':ourcelles, place as the Chambly, in 1870. She has a

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AY.
The first of these steamer,; has been chiefly I capa.city of four hundred and twenty.four
employed througt.out bel' career in carryinß tons.
deYotees on pil

ima.gell to '3t. Anne de I The fourth steamer of this group. the

upre, some dlstance lower down the Î el're bonue. runs from Montreal to Terre-
I'ITCr from Quebec bonne, Boucherville and all in
rmedi&te

980

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

ports. She is an iren vessel of only one I the steamers belonging to the R. & O. sh.
hundred and ninety tons, and built by the is ø. side-wheel vessel.
same firm 1111 the three øteamers a.lready I In aùditi-on to the vessels that have been
namt:d. described there a.re the variou8

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J _._ _-. -

.,.
..;-'"
"---->,-

.:- - -

-'2"

E ;=
- :=.
) :@ -

--
-
\

-
,..

'-

-,
:::::::::::::,

THE STEAMER. COLUMBIAN.
The Laprairie runs from Montreal to La- I MONTREAl. FERRYS.
prairie. This "else1 was built by Cantin, To Longueuil and Hoche1aga there plys the

A
. :
. --
Î .
,

. " -
.: d'l
1;'"

-ø-:. "
_ ß (<' -
":-
', . '':- ______

''-'' "",:'.0, ' '-....._j
.,- '. k. l /-
l '';o..';-;
..-,

,'.1\'.,
_ t;:}
-:....' z::;;a ,....N .---....

... If bOHI:MIAl-i" .....
T -::...:;.. -"">
_ _ -:'-
:

:;

----
-:
---

THE STEAMER :BOHEMIAN.
of 1\: on t
e&l, in 1867, and øhe has now 80 1 Longueuil, of four hundred and ten tona,
cap, city of four hundred and iorty-three built by Lamont, of Montrt.:al, in 1
4. and

/ - " JJ '-'=J -,,?., ,
/ t

} jJ 1
,ø,'"
: '. :,.' 81':

. :: .. .; '{
.. '
.

_ii.

!.'4á .'.
. ---
--.:-. · , · . . . rr OI S:RIVI ERE - --- --'-__ _

- -

:e=:_= "-- -=-. -;:-=-=- - - - _

-V"
..-P'

_.
-."w;. - ....... _ -

- . a

::

-=..:-:
.:::...
:::;.-._ :; _ -:. -. -...... 7 ==-=----.:;. .
--,

_.

-
-
::

THE STEA
f.J<.:R TROIS RIVIERES.
tons. she h&.ving been lengthened and re- I commanded by Captain Jodyin.
built in 189
t Like the great majority of To Lougueull only rUll::; the Island Queen,

,
\
.

.

i
:

......

t

f.

\I.t:X.-\
[)I:It ì\IILLO\.
Mr. Milloy was horn in Kintyre, Aqryleshire. Scotland, in IS
2, and came to CanatJn.
eight years later-in H;:
U. At the age of 18 yeð,rs, on
lal'ch 17th, IS-lO, .Mr. :Milloy
entp.red the )lontreal office of the Royal )Iail Line of steamers and has continued his con-
nection with the company in aJI its changes (see PI'. 901, 974, 981) since. He is now
(Decemher um,)) the traffic md.nager of the R. & O. N. Co" which company is the lineal
successor of the R. .YI. L. See p. USl. op. 9S1

LANDMARKS OJ!' TORO
TO.

981

.. IIcrew steamer of one hundl"e
and h:o I me to give the}ime of the old "Ma.il Lil\e "
tons, built bv Davis, of Kmgston, m known as the lorrance boats.
1887. To. St, l1elen's Isla.nd ,the "This information I have before me,recei\-
Cultivateur, Captain I.a
elle.. makes ed lately from an old
nd well-know steam-
daily journeys. She was bUIlt m 1857 b.v boat owner and a
ent III Quebec. He saYd :
Fr'cshet of Sorel, was extensively rt:paired As to the speed ot the" John Munn " and
in 1881,' and was completely refitted in 1888. I, Quebec." I can speak positivdy as we had
Her burthen is just thrE:e hundred tons. for fiye years a deadly contest between the
The Hochelae;a forms the ferry frGm .. Quehec" and the "Montreal" (this was
Hochelaaa : she is a composite steamer of the first "
Iontreal"),but we beat her every
three hu;dred and eighty'one
ons, alld was trip, and often arrived in Quebec at 3 a. u..
built in Sorel in 1886. after having' left Montreal at 6 p m., on her
There is little leit nOw to tell regarding way down calling at Sorel, Port St. Francis,
the R. & 0.,
xcepting to refer to some of '1 hree Rivers and ßatiscan, and upward at
tbeir
lontreal (a
the tide suited" "t 3:50 to 4:50
n.m" having left Quebec at 5 p.m, The
time: "Quebec II from .:\Iontreal to Sorel, 2
hours, 25 minutes: "John Munn," 2 hours.
16 minutes down: 2 hour;;, 50 minute3 up

"The Armstrongs (captains) dispute\.l this
time of the .. John Munn's," and Ca.ptain
Charies Armstrong (so long and favorably
known
o the Harbor Commissioners here)
was invited to go on board and tin:e her,
which he did, and reported to Messrs. 'I or-
ranee and
lo1son that the abC've time, 2.16
down and 2 50 up, wa.s correct.
" It must be noticed tha
these da}s they
called at Pl rti St. Fl'ancis, which none of the
R. & O. N. Co. 's boats do now.
" Above I have said the firs5 '.å-Iontrea.l,'
there have been three of the same name on
the route.
" '1 he first was lost in a snowstorm on
November 29. 18.33, the aecond was burnftÙ
off Cap Ronge, the third is the R & O. N.
Co's boat, and has made herself, like this
cit,y, a good name. Long ma)' s he keep it
up." And so say all of us,

MORE PRO
II
E
T OFFICIALS.
OÜ the ,Montreal line from Toronto, Cap-
tain Sinclair can boast of many years I faith-
ful and meritorious service. He is respected
and honored by his employers, loyally
revered by hili subordinates, and greatly
Jike<1 by the travelling public. Cap tam Roy
of the
lontreal is also another veteran who
has everyone's liking and respect. Pursers
Gra.n'te and Henry Kotner of the :::'partan
and MagOl t are also wiàely known,ZIos also is
Enp;ineer \Vadsworth on the Al erian.
Most appropriately, as many will think,
the head offices of the R & O. are in St.
Paul street,
jontrcal. not such a Vel"y great
distance from the spot where once lived the
pioneer of lal-e navigation, La Salle, A
mb.rhle tablet placed on the house which
now occupies tÌle southwe8t corner of
t.
Paul and ::;t. Peter streets records that

HERE LIVED
RE!'ljo
ROBERT CAVALIER

IEUR DE LA
ALLE,
Hi68.

The president of the U. & O. is
Ir. N. K.
Connolly; vice-president,
1r. \\' m. "\-Vain-
wright; the general manager, Mr. J uIian
Chabot; the traffic manager,
h. Alexan"pr
Milloy, and the secretary and treasuler,
.Mr. R. :Bonrdon,
Th<.:ir pril1ctpal office:> are 228 St. Panl
Btireet, .\lont-real, and 2 King street east,
Toronto.
Before concludinl{ this article it will per-
halJ3 prove interesting to many of those
wnD may read it if a letter from "An Old
Quebecker" on the speed of thp old R. M.
line is given. In .:\lol1treal and Quebac that
line wa.s often spoken of as the" TOlri\nCe
Line," as in Toronto it was not inireqnentlv
referred to ilS" G. B. Holland's Company."
The contents of th. letter are as follows :_
RIClIELIEU CO.'s RUNI""I-XG TIME.
.. As the running time of the above boats
has been discussed in your culUIuns, allow

CHAPTER CCLX.

Tabul:iteel Sfatemenl'i Ør Varløus 't'es!lds
(renu Iti7S tv tbe "relieD I Time.
The following tabulated statements of the
various vesseis rnnnillp: on Lake Ontario
have been compiled from the most reliable
sources that could ue referred to. Where-
ever possible the 0\\ ners of the vessels have
therru;elves Leen reierred to, in otheL' cases
rderence has been ma.d
to;) t.he c
ptains or
some of the men who were employed upon
them when in service. Of course in every
case this has not been practicable or possible
80 wherev6r there has been DO possibility of
gi ving the nrious detlloils with any approach
to accGra.cy these have not been iuserted.
Of course there are aome omsisions bUG
that is a. matter that .hile we regret it,
there is no possibility of a.voidin2.

NA:\lE OF VESSEL.

\YHERE BUILT.

LAN DMARKS OF TORONTO.

TONS

982

YEAR.

REMAltK8.

----- ---..------------

Frontenac. . , . . . . . ... . . .. .. King!i>ton........ 1678
Griffin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , .. Cayuga Creek.. . , 1679
Gladwin., . . . .., .... ., " ., Not known....,. 1766
Charlotte. . , . , . . . . . . .. .. . . 1766
Victory, .. , . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1766
BO!.ton., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ." 1766
Brunswick. _.. . . . . .. , , . . . ." 1767
Entt;rprise ................ : Detroit ..... ..
.. 1769
Uharity .................,. I Niagara.. ........ 1770 70
Ontario. . , ...... ...... .... iCarleton I..... .. 1779 Unknown
speedv.................... I Nav y Point..... about 1776 ..
}1ohawk, hit., . . _ ... . . . . . . .. " , . . . ." ..
Mississ ga.. .............. " ., . . . . ." "
Duke of Kent............. " .. .. . . ." II
!:aldwel1.. , . .. " .... ...... Unknown ...... Unknown Co
Unondag..., . ... . . . . . . . . . . . .
York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . ..

agara...,.....
Chippawl'Y. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Kmgston........
Mohawk, 2nd., ,..... ...... Kingston........
SlJphia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Kingston........
aimcoe, ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Kir g
ton . ... . . . .
Toronto yacht............, Unknown.......
Henessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "
Peggy.. .. . . , , . . . . , . . . . . . . "
F-rince Ed II ...rd . , . . . . . . . . .. Stone Mills.. . . . .
l\1a.ry 6'\nn...,............ Unknown,....,.

kinner's Sloop............ Unknown,......
Lady Washington.. . , . . . . " Four-Mile Creek.
Zlizabeth..,.... '......... Mississaga Pt..,.
&v. Simcoe... . . . . . . . . . . .. MissisBagllo Pt. . . .
--Accommod...tion. . , . . , . . . . I M ontre...l. ......
'Bella. Gore. . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. )? ark. . . . . . . . . . .
],ocd Nelson.. ... . .. . , , . . .. Niagara.,...,...

yal George.. .,.... . . } Gun boats
Prl
ce Regent, ,....... .. built

olra...... ....... ....,. at
Simcoe. . . . . ... . . . . . , .. .. Kingllton
Seneca.. . , ' . . . . ., ..,.. ..
F'rincess Charlotte. . . . . . . .. Kinglton.....,..
Hunter, . ...,........... "
!.ady Prevost. . . ... . . . . . . , ,
Gl<>ucester. . . . , . . . . . . , . . . .
Wolfe. . , , . , . . . . . . . . . . . , . .
J)etroit..,......,..... .. } K t
little Belt. . , . . . . . . .. '" ings on. . .. . , . .
Star. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. !
Ches"ell.,. ............ Kin g sto
!ãtagnet. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . n. .. . . . . .
M.ntre...l... ... ,...,...
5t. Lawrence. .......,.., Kingston......,.
DÐve. . . . . . . . . . , , . . . . . . . ï ork , . . .. . ....
1teindeer . . . _ .. ...........
.C...r of Commerce. . . .. , . .,
Iontre...l........
Iingston Packet...,...... Kin

ton,.......

ul!everance. . . . .. , . . . . . . .

1792
1794
1794
Unknown
1797
l'i99
about 1790
"

1801
Unknown
Unknown
1'i97
1808
1808
1809
1809
1811

1812

1812
1812
1812
1812
1813
1813
1813

1813

1814
1814
1814
1815
1815
1816

10
about 150
Unknown

80
400
80
Unknown

Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
26 guns
22 guns
20 guns
12 gllns
{ 4
::S
boats
14 guns
24 gunll
19 guns
3 guns
{ Gun
bo...ts
100 guns
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
70 tons

II

Wrecked.
" LaSalles ship.
} Lt.,. Eri. .....1.,

II

Wrecked.

Wrecked.

}G=_k

Wrecked.
Wrecked.
Wrecked.

"

Wrecked.

Broken up.

"

"

Wrecked

"Broken up
\Vrecked
'Broken up
Broken up
Rroken up
Broken up
Broken up
Broken up
'Broken up
Broken up
Broken up
Broken up
Lost in a.ction
Lost in ...ction
Lost in action
) All broken up in
a. few years ...fter
peace was con-
cluded in 1815
I \V reeked

.

The whole of the velsela given in preceding tab'es were sailing craft, with the excep.
tíons of the Accommodation and Car of ConJmerce, both marked with an asterisk.

:KAME OF VESSEL

WHERE BUILT.

LAKD
lA RKS OF TORONTO.

Toxs.

YEAR.

981

----------

REMARKS.

Frontenll.c it. . . . ., ......... Finkle's Point..,
.Malshan :::............... ., MontreaL.......
Kingston :::. . . . . , . , . . . , . . .. . " }
Burlingten :::. . . . . . .. ...... at
Charwell :::. . . , .. ..........
Champla.in ::: . . . . . . . . .. .... Kingston
CO!lfience :::. _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Walk-in-the-
Vater t ". " Buffalo. ....
Kingston:::. . . . .. .'....... Sackett's Harbor.
(Jueen Chcl.rlotte ........... Erne:!ltl)wn. -..,
Wood Duck:::. . . . . . , . .. . . .. ì
Red Royer::: . . . . . . . . . . . . " f Probably York
Br-itannia:::, . . . . . . , . . . . . . . .
Jane:::....,........,...... ì York,
Willing Maid :t . . . . , . . ,..., l Kingston,
Asp::: . ....., . . . . . . . . , J a.nd
l\lay Fiower::: .................... Niagara..
Dalhousie. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., Prescott . . . . . . . .
.J ohn 'Y atk ins :::.. . . . . . . . . . .1 York. . . . . . . , . . ,
Laùy Sara.h :::. . . . , . . . . . . . . . : York ......,...
The Brothers:::.,......... ,I York. . . . . . . . . . .
Richmo:ld::: . . . . . . .. ., . York. , . . . . . . . . .
Queenston. . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . .. Queenston .. . , . .
Caroliue .... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . I Kingston .......
('anada, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' .. Ri vel' Rouge ....
Martha Ogden... .. .. .. " .. ISackett':!I H.
rbor,
Toronto..
................ iYork.........,.
.Kiagara. . , . . . . . . . . . . .. .', lirocknlie.......
Alciope. . . , . . . . . . . . . ... N ia.gara. ,.......
Canad ian :::. . . . . . =. ...,'. york...........
Geor
e IV. :::.........,.... york......,.,..
George Canning::: ' . . . . . . . . . I York . . . . . , . . . . ,
Sir James Kempt. ....... 'lBa.th ...........
Great l:ritain.. .. . . .. . . .. . ,\Prescott .. .. ., .,
IroquoIs. . . . . , , , . . . . , . . . . . I Prescott . , , , , , . .
John By.... ... '" . . , .. KingRton........
William IV.. . . . , . . . . . . . , .. Ga.nanoque......
TrAnsit. ' . , . , . . . . . , . . _ . . .. Oa.kville . . . . . . . .
llri tannia, . . . . . . . . , , . . . . .. Kingston.......
Cobourg. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .. Cobourg . . . . . . . .
Kingston (1st). . . . . . . . . ....1 Kingston, . . .. ..
Brockville.. ...... ......, Brock ville ....,.
Commodore 1:arrie. , . . . . . ., Kingston... ....
St. Geor
c.....,..,....... Kingston......,.
Enterprise. . . . . . , . . . , . . . . .. Kingston........
Union.. . , ., ., .... _ ...,. ., Oa.kville . . '. . .. ,
Peter Robinson..... . _..... Lake Simcoe....
Traveller. . . . . ., . . . . . . , . . " Niagara...,..."
Byt.own.......... ......." Kingston...,.."
Hamilton. . .. ,.,......... Hamilton.. .....
Sir Robert Peel. . . . . . , . . . .. Jjrockville.......
Queen Victoria. . . . " .. . . .. Niag-ara........,

1816
1816

1816

1816
18:6
1818
aùout
1819

1815
to
1819
1819
1819
1819
1820
1820
]824
1823
1826
18:W
1824
1825
1828
Us28
1828
IS28
1829
1830
1831
18:
2
1832
18:12
IS33
1833
1833
1833
1834
1834
1834
18:34
] 8:
4-
18;
5

1837

700 Burnt
Unknown Broke up
Armed '\Vithdrll.wn
Cruise.s aï.te
two ,
year s service.
Únknown IAmerican vessel
246 I
151) Broken up

Varioua
120

Schooners

chooner3.

350 Broken up.
9) Schooner.
} 00 Schooner.
100
chooner.
100 \\reeked
350
75
250
Vrecked.
120 American vessel
200 Broken up.
400
450
70
80
80
200
700
100 Withdr'iwn.
100 \y recked.
4;)0 Tow boat,
350 \Vrecked.
200 Broken up.
500 Tow boat.
200 Broken up.
330
275 \\'recked in 1844-
400
20' r.roken up.
130 Changed to barque.
150 , roken up.
350 Tow boat,
150 Wrecked.
3 )l

350 Burned in 1838,
200 Wrecked.

it This was the first steamer built in Canadian waters to ply upon the Jakes. Hel
route was from Prescott to Y or
thence to the head of the lake from there to Kiao-ara
t The first steamer t-o ply on Lake Erie; she was always under Ame-rban col::rs
::: The vessels marked thus in the foreO'oinO' as well as in all succeeding tables wer.
sailing vessels. ð ð

X_UtE OF VES
EL

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

YKAR.

ToN's.

98-1

I WHERE BUILT.

}:xperimEnt. . . . . . .. .......
]
urlington, . . . . . . . . . .. ... Oakville,. ......
Gore .. '....,.., ...,..., N i
ga
?,' . .. . . . . .

imcoe. . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . . ., LaKe /'Slmf>oe . . . .
Highlander (lst). .,...,... Coteau du Lac. . .
(;ildersleeve. . . . . . . . . . . . , ., Kingston,.. ....
City of Toronto.. '" . . .. .. Toronto..,.,...
Al bioll. , . , , . , . . . .. ...,.,. Brock ville. .. , . . .
.M in08. . . . . . . . . . . . . , Chippawa.. . . . . . .
Sovereign. . . . . . . ,. . Niagara. .. . , . . . .
:Frontenac (2nd). . " ., Kingstun. . . . . , . .
"\... ulcan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "
Canada (2nd). . . . . . . . . . , . ,. Prescott.. .. . , . .
Prince Edwa.rd. . . . " . . . . .. Gardner.........
Princess Roval . . . . , . . . . . .. Niagara.......,
Prince of \V'ales.. .. ....... Kingston........
America (1st). .. .... . . . . . , , INiagara... .. . .. , .
C. J. Robinson.. ....,...,.INiagara.........
Despatch.. .. ,...... ....,. . I Hamilton. .... ..
\\ elland (1st)...... ......., St. Cath...rineø.,.
Queen Cìiiiy. . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . I Niagara. , . . . . . .. .
Eclipse........... ,.. ..... Nia.gara.........
London :::. ... .. .. ,. ,... . . . , l CObOUrg .. ..... .
Adllliral. . . . . . . . . . . . . '. N iaga.ra. . , . .. . . .
Cherokee ................. Kingston........
Mohawk. . . . . . . , . . . . . , . . , . 1 ..
Forester. . . . , . . . .. ........ Rice Lake., . . . . .
lslnnd Queen.... ........,. Kingston..
\..::ity of Kingston. . . . . . , , . , . "
l'as8port ...... .. . .. .. .. . ..

agara ........ H
47
1tagñet ............. ...... :NIagara... .'..... 184í
Scotland::: ................ Toronto ...... . . 1847
Empire.. .................
Iontreal .,..... ab't '.7
British Empire...... ... .. . I ,Montreal ,... ... 1847
British Queen .............
Iontreal ....... 1847
Beaver.. . . . . . . ... " . . ., . . . \ Kingston ....... ] 848
The Cillar Boat. . . . . . . . . . " Toronto ,....... 1849

ew Era ...............'\ Not known....., 1849
Ccm'3t .. ................ J 1849
Peninsula Paàet .......... Toronto......... 1849
Ottawa ..... .. .........
Britannia.. ....... ........
England .,.,..., .....,.
Scotland. . . . . . . . . , . . . . . .
Ireland. ................
1 I i bernia . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . .
\V cstpro
hller.... .. ...
Free Tra,ler .-. . . . . . . . . . .. I
Commerce. . . .. , . . . . .. . . .
Morning. , . . . , . . . . . . . . . , .. Lake Simcoe. ., .
:Mazpppa . .. . . , .. , . . . .. ., '1 St. Catharines, , .
Highlander (2nd).. r-. , ... . 1
lontrea1. . . , . . . .
Champion .,...........,.,
lontreaf........
Mayflower............ .. Kot known.,....
City of Hamilton......... . \ Hamilton. . . . ...
Mapl
Leaf, '.. .. ..........

l1gston........
Aral..nan ., .. .......... .. .. 1i:Jagara.......,.
Lady of the Lake......... . j Kiallara .. ......
No\'elty ...,.. . . . . .. . . , . .. Kin
stou .......

1837

150
150
200
J50
300
250
5(',)
200
250
.1,75
200
150
450
150
500
200
30J
400
2!O
300
450
400
150
400
700
150
250
70
400
400
5W
150

T onna!;!e

llOt
J known.
200

1838
1839
1840
1839
1840
1840
1840

1841

184:2
1840
1842

1842
1843

1843

ì845
1843

ab't
')()
a.b't 300

REMAR.KS.

Rurned.
Broken up
Broken up.
row boat
Tow boat.

Government yes..l
Broken up.
Broken up

Tow boat.

I. ow boat

[ow boat.

Burned.
Burned.
Chan
ed to schooner

Ferry steamer.

River steamprs
between R"'r Trent
and :Montreal
Kingsto I to BytOWD
Hrok'en up,

\Yrec!;ed 1851
Horse b't Tor, ferry

Freigþt
v t\
ef
,
thou!;!h in
some cRses'
also clJ.rried I
p
s.;;en 'ers I
Propellers.I\Vrecked

J849
1839
1 &>0
]850
1850
1851
18;)1
1851
] 8,,) 1
H
;;2

J50

OO
2,50
3.30
:300
250
400
:{50
450
IJO

Burned

I Rurned .

KAME OF V:ø:S'SEL,

\YBKR.E BiJILT,

LANDMARKS OJf TORONTO.

TONS.

REMARKS.

Ocean \V a ve .. . . . . . . . . . . . ,
Queen of the West. .. .. .. ..
1 'eerless ..................
Lord Elgin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dawn ....................

O;!weg"J ........
Dumbarton .....
Montreal.

Protection , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Citizen . . . . , . . .. .. .... . . .. Toronto ........
Kaloolah ..............,., Collingwood.....
('herokee::: ........ . . ... ... Toronto ........
Victoria . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. Toronto .......,
St. Elmo.................. \íontreal .......
Geo, Moffatt .............. Cha.tha.m .......
'"Vella'nd (2nd). . , . . .. . .. ... St. Catto",.rines...
H.anger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Zimmerman......... ...... Niagara. ........
St Lawrence ... .........,
Gartshore ................
St. Kicholr.s .............. St. Ca.thariGeB...
Europa, . . . . . , .. .. .. .. . . .. Hamilton.......
Cana.da . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I Niagara. . . . . . . . .
America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Niagara ,.......
City of Toronto::: .......... Toronto.........
Jenny Lind...............
lontreal

Iontreal ...... ..........
Iontreal .......
Colonillt ................ 1
Prescot t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ,
H ami! ton ........ ......

K
ltucky . . . . . . . . . . . . ... I
Willy Nickol. . ...... .... J
Alliance:::. ..,............ Oshawa.........
JOllhua Beard::: ............ Oshawa.........
King- of Algiers. .. ... ...... '1'oronto.. ......
:Ba.nshee . . . . . . . . . . . , ... . .. 11ontreal........
J. C. Morrison............ Lt,Ùe Simcoe. . ..
'V elling-ton ........ . .. .. . }
Avon Þ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .
\Y hitby ............... , .
Reiud<!er ..... ... .....,..
B
anttord '.... ... .......
Huron.. ...., ...........
BowmanTille ........ ...... Bowmanville....
Ma!a.koff. . , . . . .. .. . .. . . . }
Inkerman . . . . . . . . . . ... . .
Oliver Cromwell. ........
Alliance::: ......
.. .... .. .. Toronto.........
Union. . . . . . . .. .. . .. . . . . .. Tu!'onto ........
Rescue.... ...... ........... -- ---
Firefly.. . ............... .. Toronto.......,
Jenny Lind ...............
lontreal. ......
PlouRhboy . . . . .. . . .. .. .. .. - .---
Queen of the N orth:t: . . . . . .. l' ottawasava. . . .
Emily May.. . . . . . .. ......' Or-illia. . . . . , . . . .
Hero. ......,........... . I Hamilton . .. ....
Bay of Quinte . , . .. . . ...... B. of Quinte. "
Advance::: . .. . ,. ...... ,. . \ Pt, Da.lh,m8'Ïe...,
America. . . . ... . . . .. . . . . ., St. Catharines...
Osprey. . , . . .... . . . . .. . .,. :\-lontreal.. .....
Her :Majesty . . . . . . . . . . . . .,
t. Catharines...

YI:AR

}

985

1852
1852

700
400 Wrecked.
Wrecked.

Burned.

Freight
Vessels
propelHl1'8.

1853
1853
1853
1853
1853
1853
1853
1854

350
300

Toro.nto Ferry.
On Upper Lakes.
eAn vesael
T?ronto Ferry-

350
350
300
Ft. Prop.
500 Burned.
} Freight
Propeller..

1854
1854
185t
1854
18á5
1855
1855

600
700
700
400
About 3f.O
About 300
,

Frei
ht
Vessels
Propellers,

1856 400
1856 400
18.36 150
abt 1856 4;-)()
1856 160
Freight
vessels
propellers
400
Freigh t
vessels
propeller!!!
abt 1855
i10bt 1855 450
abt If,
;;
18:ï8
185i-8 500
1861
1861
1861
1861 250
1862 400
l-S62 400
1863 300
1863 300

} Built by G. W.R.
Oce&ll 'Yea, Wreck"

A tow bod

Burned

\Vre
ked

Wrecked

(Traders l'etWeeD
l Ha.litax &ToronW
On upper 1&!;.ea
Islaftd ferry
Second of na.me
Lake Huron
Grain vessel.

Steam to,

Pr P,ellcn"
Propeller
Propeller

986

NAMt. OF VESSEL.

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

W nER. BUILT.

REMARK
,

A.<<I41 Sa)[.n . . . . . . . . . . . . .. St. Catb&.rinea, . .
R..ci... . . .. ..............

Grecian ,. ............... Clyde. . . . . . . . . .
Jrtagnet, . . . . . . .. .."." 1
Bristol .... .... ........ I
J ndian . . . . . . . , . . . . . . , . ,.

Brockville .. . . . I
Merritt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . )
Cantin .................. 11-1. ntreal .... . . .
City of Toronto (2).. .... ..INiagara .. .. .. ..

:Silver Spra.y .. . . . . . . . . . , . .
Spartan. . , . . . .' ...,...."
Coria thian . . . .. ..........
Ripple. . . . .. ...... ......
Princess of.
V ales ....." . .
'Vo) ",erine
..... ..........
Perseverance . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Enterprise. . . , . . . . . . . , . .. .
City of London.,..
Bessie Harwick::: ...... ....
Bouq uet ... . . . . . . . . . , . . . . .
R uron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., England .. . . . . . .
Rl)thsay Castle............ Glasgow........
Britomart. , . . . . . .. . . . . . .. }
Cherub. . . ... . . . . . . . . . . , ..
Rescue. ................ EnS{land. . . . . . . .

t. Andrew. .. ,.........
Ruyal . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Smith and Post.::: ......
Oah-ille........
W. T. Robb.....,. Dunnvillc. ....,.
Acadia. . . . . , , .. . . , , . . . . .. Hamilton. ......
Niagara Steamers.
Chicora.. .,............... Liverpool. ......
Cibola. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ .. Deseronto.......
Chippewa. , . . . . , . . . . . . . . ., Hamilton.......
.fI iagara Falls Li'M.
Empress of India"...,.,.. Mill Point.......
Lakeside. . . . . , . .. , . . . . . . .. \V indsor . , ... . . . .
Garden City. . . . . . . . . . ... .. Toronto.........
Hamilton Line.
Mazcppa.. . . . . . . .. . . . .. .. .. Toronto.........

I&cassa . . . . .. . . . . .. .. . Clyde. ... . . . . . . .
M odjeska. . , , . . . . . . . . . . . .. Clyde...........
Lake òteamera Oontin'lled
I>ornir.ion. . . , , . . . . . . , . . . . .
Ha!!l
ingø. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .
Norse-man. .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .
Abvs!!linian. . .. . . .. . . . . . . . .
\V au buno. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oeean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , Port Dct.lhouøi. ..
La.ke Michig'n............ Port Dalhousie. .
Lake Ontario.............. Port D'1.lhousie ..
L1ke Erie. . . . . ... . . . . . . , ,. Port Dalhousie. .1

St. Catharinea...
i\lontreal .......
Kingston,
Toronto ........
Toronto .......,

Port Dalhousie..
Port Dalhousie, .
St. Catharines..
St. Catharineø..,

St. CathariDes... 1869
Montreal.... .... 1868
Montreal. ... .. . . 1861
Montreal.. . . . . .. ab't '65

YEAR

1864
1864

1863
1862
and
1863
1864

1864
1864
1864
1864
1864-
1864
1864
1864
1865
1866
1866
1864

1866
about 18G3
1866
1864
1887
1893

1876
1888
1892
1884
1883
1889

1872
1872
18ï2
1872

All
freight
propëllers

TONS

200

400

Rebuilt 1863, for-
merly the City of
Toronto, then called
Algoma. i. 1884.
Wrecked.

350

The la.rge!!lt propel-
ler in Canada at
date of la.unch.
Burned Port Da.l.
housi. .

400

350
450
350

Toronto Ea-}'".
Burned 1886.
Lake Huron,
Freight Propellers.
Freigh t l'ropellers.
450 Freight Propellers.
469
Toronto Ferry.
Gunboat R. N.
400 Burned 1874.

Gunbo..tl! R. N,
On Lakè and River
":ervice.

300

Tag.
fJOO 1st compo$it str.

518
739
850

353
267
425

99 Hamilton Ferry.
563
601

370
286 Ch'ng'd to Eurydice
422 Ch'
d to North King
450

On lAke HuroD.

330
375
375 Wrecked 18R2.
375 Burned 1890.

KA?IE OF VESSEL.

\YHERE BUILT.

LAND:\fARKS O.If TOKONTU.

98'7

:\: arine City. . . .. 1874
Marine Citv... .. 1875
Marine CitÝ. . ... :::1875
Marine City. . . . . 1875
about 1870
1879

YEAR I To...
----------1--------
Columbia................. ,H...milton.... ... 1872 I 380 \V::-ecked 1884:.
Egyptian,...... ,......... . I Montreal.. ...... ]873 350 Sold.to U.S.
City of ,MontreaL........, ,Chatha.m. .. . ....1 1873 220 Wrecked 1881.
.Persia.,................... St. CatharineS"' 1 1873 392 I
I:ady of the Lakes, . . . , . . .. I:
ke Simcoe,... Lake Simcoe str.
Cub...........,.. .....,.... Kmgston ....... ]875 68J
Celtic... .. ... , .. .. , . .. .... Hamilton........, 1875 500 I Wrecked
O
1tarIo.,............, .. ì Lake Huron..... ) Upper L!ike
\\. Sevmour.,.,........) steamers.
Perry: . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . I Toronto Ferry.
Asia.. . ; . . . . . ... . .. .. .. .. .. I Windsor;;.. .. .. about 1874
Soverelgn. . . . . . , ' , .. . , . . , . I I Lake
uperior route
Rothesay CastIlI, 2nd..".. !Niagara... _,.... 1875 about 450
\Vatertown.. .. .. ... ..,... Kingston........ ]864 I 175 Toronto Ferry
City of Owen Sound.".. ) Owen Sound. . . . . 1877 598
Francis Smith,.......... I Lk H 1875 )
CUIT.berland, . . , . . .. ...... a. -e uron, . , . .
Onta.rio. .. . . , . . . . . . . . . . ,J Lake Huron... .
Quebec, ." . . . . . . . . , ... . . .
City of Winnipeg...... .. . .
Nortbern Helle.............
Northern Queen..........,
F. B. Maxwell........ . . . . .
Picton. , . . . . . . . . . , . , .
" .
Fihrate. . . . . . . . , ., ........ MontreaL.,.....

t: Je1.n. Bapt.iste..........
Kmcardme. . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .
Prowett Beyer.. . , . " . , . .. Toronto.........
Ada Alice. . . , . , . . . . . , . , . .. Pt. Dalhousie....
Prince A rt.hur . . . . . , . . . , . .. .......,........
Rosedale........ ...... ,. .. Sunderland,.....
Alma Munro. . . . .. ,....... Pt. Dalhousie.. . .
Atlantic. . . . . .. ........... Owen Sound. . . . .
J .a1tic. . . . . . , . . . . .. ..,.,.. Owen :-'ounò. . . . .
Pacific. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Owen Sound .. . .
c, P. Steamers: I
Ah
oma . . . . . , . . . ' , .. . . , , .. Descb'd.elsewh're
Albert... .................. ; Glllosgow ... . . . . .
A thabasca. . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . 1 .. .. . . . . . .
Carn pana ................. .. . . . . . . . .
M...nitoba. (2)...... . . . . . . . . I Owen
ound ....
Orion . . . . . . . . . .' . . . . . . '.' .. \Vellan l . . . . . . . .
Lome and Victoria Pm'k
Route: I
C:r
yho
n
.. . . .. . . .. .. . . .. : Hamilton.. .. .. ..
Chl
outlml. . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 Quebec. . . ... . . . .
J. W. Steinhoff,......"... Chatham........
'l'oronto Ferry Co :
Jes!lie McEdwards......,.. St. Catharine!!..,
Arlingt n , ............ .... Harwood,.......
Luell... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Toronto..
Canadian. ................
Sadie. . .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. ... Oakville'::::::::
Kathleen, . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . Toronto

;:rs

: .......:::.: . : :
:
: : : : :: : >
:, :.:.:::
Islan:l Queen. . . . . . . . . . . . . ! port Dalhousi{'..
Ma)'flower . . .. . ... . . . . . . .. Toronto,........
Primroee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .. . .. . . . . . , '

1868

1888
1873
1882
1867
188:3

1883
1883
18';'3
1889
1872

1887
1881
1876

18i6
18i8
1879
ISS2
1885
H
86
1886
1886
18H9
1890
H,90

300
290
290

240

27
16

772
580
391
640
524:

]44:0
1440
1287
1620
490

219
lIO

21!:
33-
38
2ðO
154-
lIO
66
49
44i
189
189

REMARKI!I

ì Lake Huron
) steamers.
) Upper Lake
steamers.
! On upper lakee.
Excursion stealJ ' er
Rau toPt, Dalhousie

øeas-on.
1 OBly on lake one

t Toronto ferry,

Upper lakeL

Wrecked

Rebuilt 1891

Reùuilt 1881

Reo\!ilt 1881}

988

XA\IE OF VESSEL.

LAND
IARKS OF TOROI-.TO.

I "'HERE n: :-' Y'A
_ _

E"A =-

John Hanlan... _ ......... Port Dalhousie.,
Rochester ROltte.
Carmona. . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . .. Thorold.........
Ottawa Rivor 6teamers.
Qneen Victoria...... ...,.. MontreaL.......
Phænix .................. MontreaL.......
Atlas.....................
lontreal........
Lady Simpson............. MontreaL...... . ,
Ernprcs8 . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . .. :\1ontll'a1......,.
Smrereign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I MontrAal. . . . . . . .
Prince of \Yale;; . ..... . ..., .1\1ontreal.,...".
P incess.. , . . . . . . . . _ , _ . . Carillon. . . , . . . . .
Maude. . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . .. MontreaL....".
Richelieu & 01ll
rio Co.

ha
pion .......... "'" See R. M. Line '" [
GrecIan................ ... See R. :\1. Line..
Passport. . . ... .... . . . . . . .. See R. 11. Line..
:Magnet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. See R. 1\1. Line..
Corsican.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . , " :\Iontreal . , . . . . .
Spartan. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .MontreaL.......
AlgerIan.. ,.... ..... Montreal.. .,..,.
::\Iontreal . , \lontreal. . . . . . . .
Quebec. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .... Mo .trea1. . . . . . . ,
Carolina....... ........,. United States. ..
Canada , . . . , , . . . , . . . . . . . .. 'Sore: .." . , . . . , .
Saguenay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. lluebec.....,
ColumbIan. . . . . . . . . . . . . ' .. Chester, U. :::-:. A.
Bohemian. . . . . . . . . . . . . , . " MontreaL..,....
'Trois Ri,'ieres. . . SorE:! . , . . . . , . . ..
Charnbley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8'>rel....,......
Berthier . . . . . . " .,....... Sorel........".
Terre Bonne. . . . , .. ....,.. Sorel . , . _ . . . . . . .
La Prairie. . . . . . , , . . . . . . . .. 1\] ontreal. , , . , , . .
Longueuii. .. .. . . .. . .... .. :\Iontrp.al........
I
land Queen. . . . , , . . . . . . " I Kingston.. . . . , . .
Cuh.ivateur. . . . . , , . , . . . . ,Sorel. . , . . . .. . , ,
Hochelaga . . , . , . . , . , .. . . .. Sorel...,......-

1884

1871

1875
J889
1860
1872
1869

1847
1847
]870
1864
1855
1860
1865

1870
1868
1892
1892
1875
1871
1871
1871
IR67
]884
1887
IS75
]886

53

590

Formerly Manitoba
Broken up.
Broken up.
Broken up.
Bro.,en up.
Formerly PeerlesL

410
303
344
340
17

Broken up 1880.
Wrecked 1870,
See preeeding
Tables.

478
452
456
519
750

River steamEr,
River st amElI'.
Purch
ed 1893.
River steamer.
River steamer.

570
720
488
380
525
20J
424
190
443
410
102
300
381

Rebuilt 1892

In the precedin'! tables every care has been taken to obta.in the informa.tion given
from reliil.blf! sources. I n some illBtancps the same vessel is described twice under differ-
ent names, owing to (hfterent causes, a steamer occasionalJy chan({ing her name.
The Hastings. built in 1875, is a caRe in point.
In the short tables following, the variou'! vessels named are those which, belongin'! to
different private owners, have no settled routes, the tugs, of course, excep"'ed, but
ply on Lakes Onta.rio or Huron a3 they can secure freight or passen6ers, or are chartered
by tradmg companies.
The three G. T. R. steamers are now (1893) la.id up, but there i!!l no doubt will in but a
short time begin running again, poss:ibly unùer a totally different management It is
impos
ible to conclude this t.istory of the steamers witho'ut making special acknow-
ledgment of the kindness shown and the asqistance afforded to us by Mr. "-. A,
Geddes, wharfinger, of Toronto. But for his aid it would have been all but impossible
to compile these tables with a.ny degree of accuracy.
)Ir. Kenny, of the \Vestern Assurance Company, Toronto, aho afforded most valu-
able aid by lending us lists of vessels plying to and from that port who effected insurances
in different companip.s carrying on business in :he Dominion. It]s not to Le un terstoc.d
from this that only steam
ropelled vessels insurp.d, but aU mention of sailing ve
sels, with
-are exceptions, has beeu avoided in this hi'3tory since stearne s were introd:J.ced.

N A '\1R OF VESSEL.

\VHERE BUILT.

LAND:\IARKS OF TOROXTO.

TONS.

989

YEAR.

RE:\fARKS.

------- ------- ------

S?Lpplementary.
A. B. Cook.....",....... Port Robinson. ..
Ada Alice..",,',........ \ Port Dalhousie.
\\". J. 'J ymon.. . .. . .. .. ... Toronto ...... ..
Alert. . . . . . . . , . .' .. . . . . . .. Port Robinson. . .
Arabian. . .. . . . . . . . , . . . . . .. Halnilton.. .....
Armeni t. . ,. ,. . . , . . , , . , . .. Picton..........
Armenia...... ., ... .. ,.. . .. Chatham,...,...
C.Ull bria.. .. .. ............ Owen Sound.. ..
Ca.nada ......, .,.,......, Hamilton.. .....
C. H.
lel"l'itt............. Chatham.. ,....
Dominion,. ,... ........... !St, Catharin('s,. .1
EurydICe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..,
I ontreal. " ..,.
Enterprise..., ......,..... iSt. Catharines...
Frank ,}ackm&n.. ...... ... .II
uflalo...,. ,...
Ueo. Doud'l.s..,........... Thorold. ...,...
H.uron.................... San1Ïa... ... .
International..........,...
l1.rnb,... ,......
La.nsdowne. . . . . ,. ......., Detroit.... .....
L. Shickluua., ....,...... . St. Catharines,..
L. Shickluna..... . ...... ' 1 St CatharinE's...
Niagara.. . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . .. St, Catharincs.. .
Onglara. . ........... _ .... . I Toronto..... ...
Reliance. . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . .. fleseronto.,.....
\Va.tertown. .... .... ..../Kingston..,..,..
'\'ales......,. ..........., !::;arnia. ........

1885
18ß8
J892

1886
1892
1876
1873
1877
18ï2
1883
1868
1868
1864
1868
18SU
18i5

1884
uno
1878
]875
1885
1881
1864
1881

24
16
237
49
709
127
59:

4 1 '4
392
120

370
386
610

26
42
1,250
1,000
1,90)
39-1
3.)
509
94
26;)
176
311

Lake tU!.
ILake and river tu :.
Formerly W. M.
IAlderson.
,Tug.
iFreight propeller.
Freight propeller,
IFrpight propeller.
I
Bur ned 92, rep. 93
.Propeller pass. and
Ifreight.
Freight propeller.
Formerly Hastings.
I
Re,bnilt 1881.
l Freight propeller
I
Re,built 1881.
I I Toronto tu
s.
G. T. R.
,G. T. R.
G. T. R.
Freight propeller.
.L'ug.

Form'lv Qu en City
Freight propeller.

CONCLUDING REMARKS.

A brief 'ref
rence to an episode in Canadian hi!ltory, not wholly unconnected with
the maritime history of the D.Jminion, may tie here mentioned.
On the second Egypthn war occurrin
an exp
ditionary force to ascend the Nile
formed part of Lor I \V olseley's pla.n of c!l.mpaign. The gallant peer and soldif'r, bearin"
his own Canadian experi:mces in mind, ctecided on ('mploying a body of Canadian boat-
men, and, as will be learned from the followin; rep:Jrt, they dld their work well and gal-
lantly,
In his deepatch at the close of the campaign to the Secreta.ry of '''ar, London. Lord
".oheley says :-
" The Dominion of Canada supplied us with a most useful body of boatmen, under the
command of Brevet. Lieut.-Colonel F. C. Denison, C.)I.G" of the Canadian militia, Their
skill in the ma.nagement of hoatl3 in difficult and dangerous waters was of t
e utmost use
to us in our long agceDt of the :\ ile
Ien and ùfficers showetl a high military anJ
patriotic !'Ipirit, making light of difficulties and working wìth that energy and determina.
tion which h...ve always charact.erized her MajestY'iJ Ca.nadian forces."

990

LA
D
l'\RKS OF TOR()NTO-

CHAPTgH, CCLXI. Collector-John Cameron,
Overseer", of the highways-Elish!lo Ben-
YORK'S ASSESSMe:NT ROLLS. nard, Hobert Lang, J. A'3hbrid
e, John
Piayter, Bw. Dowis, John \\ïll>on, D. \V.
Th(' ":arlJ' Rolls-The Pnrochlal Offlcial<i- Kendrick, \\'m. Jones and William Cor-
"110 TIa(')- \'fere ;u,,1 "here They (:;,me nell.
frol"-Cllrlð
lttf"8 lu tile .
CC()UU'Ii. Eli a.nd John Playter were hrothers. A
The fir"t a!BeSsment roll where the town son of the lattf'r ha
for many yea
s filled
of York is referrel to is dated February, most ably the p,:>st of secreta.ry to tbe York
1798, and comprisea not only the town but Pioneers. James Piayter was another mem-
aiso the tOWTlships of York, Vaughan and ber of the samg family.
Markham. It was dulv pr pared and for- J. Ashbridge was the man who bestowed
warded to the Lieutenant Governor, being his name on the small b3.v to the east of To-
signed "Errors excepted," by "Tho lias ronto harbor -
Ridout, Clerk of the Peace, Home District." D. \V. Kendrick wa.;; Dnke Kendrick, one
It is impossible to sa.y how much refers to of several brothers. One of them re::âded
the town aud how much to the townships. for some years in a small woo:leu cottage on
but the total amount estimated for the Bloor street, uearly opposite Uninrsity
borne district to produce from one hundre,l avenue,
..nd tweuty-seven ratp.payers was only ;(2.3 \Villiam Cornell was a. Sca.rboro' man,
168 3d ourrency, equivalent to $lO:
2:>. The who emigrated to this country about 1 i80.
assessors were Thomas Barry and George He ia described wron
fully elsewhere 1101
Playt
r, ",nd the "magistrat.es appl'Oving" William Cornw.111; he lived all his life in
John Small and William Willcocks Scarboro', a.nd his grandchildren and great.
The collector appea.rs to have been Mr. grandcnildren still live in the same place.
Samuel Heron if no
in the actual house occupied by their
In the following yea
the number of thoge ancestor.
assessp.d was two hundred and twenty,four, The Pound _eepers were-Alex. Galbway,
the rate being estimated to produce æ75 8 0 John Davis, Jas. Everson, And\-ew Thom-
currency ($301 6')). Thomas Stoyell su::- 80n and \Y. Jones,
ceeded Thomas Ihrry as assessor, thp name There was probably some small fee e x-
of \\ illinm Jarvis wa';! aIMed to thp app
ov- p:>cted bythe
e latter offici&ls; thatis,if they
ing magistrates, end Ai'chibald Camel"On could w't it.
wag collector. The Townwardens were-Jacob Herch-
In 180') the tax pay
rs had increased to mer and Duncan Cameron.
two hundred and hfty-four, the rate prorluc, It will be se!'!n, therefore, that for 192
ing æ81 5 ô ($32., 10) John Ashbridge and ratepayers there were no lees than twenty
Eh!!lha Bema,n were the assessors; the ap- officials, a tolerably large Dumber. It can.
proving magis'rates, with the exception of not be sa;d that matters are much improved
\\'illcocks, were the same a!!l in the yoo.r in that respect II. hl1ndrcd ye
rs or Dearly so,
prt"vious, but the collector wa.s Jacob tiercb- later. Indepd iutlome respects they are worse,
mer-a very Ih"ely time he must ha,'e had of for offices that were honorary then are now
it-and the treasu er was Mr. \ViHiam remunerative to their incurnh.mts.
Allan. ! Among item;; tha.t are of interest in the
In 1801, though the population of York is accounts is the following eutry : "December

iven separately. its assessment is not; it 8th, 1800, paid two consta.bles tor f:wing up
was joined for rating- purposes with York to the Humber to apprehend the rioters,
township, Etobicoke and ,
carboro, the total ;1.:150." These rioters were proba.bly some
p::.pulation bp.ing only six hundred and I lumberers who had engaged in a drunken
seventy-eight. Of thi.s number there were! quarrel with the fi!!!herm
n of the 1\ei
hbor.
one hundred and lllusty,two ratepa.yers, hood.
whose payments in the ag
regate were Again there is this entry: "Paid ,John
f:9ì 6;; (;d ('53893)). Hut if the population Lyon!'! for two wolves' scalps a!l pel' 1\lr. Rug-
a.ud income were amall, the number of office gles' certifica.te, :.C2, Jan. 17th, 1801..' On
holders W1.S by no means limited, thou,
h it Ma.rch 17th in the same year thf're is asimilar
must be admitt d that, with the possible entl'Y of ;(6 for two wolves' scalps to
exception of the collectors, the .-ork wa.s all William Peck and four to John Bu

.
done without any remuneration, \Yilliam Willcocks. J P, gave the certlfi-
The fullowing is a complete list of the cate in these ca.ses. Either the coLlec:tor of
officials :- taxes wal> very lax in the performance of
Town Clerk-Eli Playter his dutieø, or the ta.xpayers w
re deter-
Asse8sor3-James Playtcl" and Simon :Mc- mined not to part with their money. for on
Nahb the cred It side ot the accounts of tbt' HomE

LAXD.\JARK
OF TOROX 10.

991

District for 1801 is this entry :-"XB.-No I the farmers, but .by being al>le to take pr
-
money ras been received from the collector duce from
hem I
stead ?f cuh for th
lr
appointed from April, 1798. to April, :purchases. :trom hun. This same ent
rpns-
1799. .. 109 AmerICan gave ODe of the buys four
:So as to show a.s nearly as possible the pence in coppers. That boy tolll when he ha.d
amount of cash received in propodion to the rea
hed old !l.g
how pr
uù he was
nd how
amount of rate levied the following accounts enVIcd by hl
companIons at Lemg the
from ì798 to Aprillst, 1802, are given :- posilessor of such great wealth. And stranga
as it may appear to the inha.bitants of To-
ronto in 189
, probably not a few of the
older inlÍabitants of .Markham in HsOO
thought four pence II a great deal of money."
Tempora mutantur et nos mutamur in illis.
As migh' be expected when the taxes
came in so badly, the few paid public ser-
"an ts that the district boasted of in those days
got their money equally badly. On
larch

9th, 1802, occurs this entry, .. Paid Daniel

Tiers his salary as court keeper, up to the
ht April, five quarters at ;(8 per annum,
;(10," and all through the accounts are 9n-
I ries showing how creditors h'\d to be p
id
cash in instalments on bills that were alreddy
o,oerdue.
There were great changes in the personnel
of the "Parish aUti town officers for the
Home District for the year 1802. ,.
The Town Clerk for that year was Eli
Playter, his daughter mllrried Charles Deni.
son, who died ill the .. twenties. JJ
he
lb-
sequently married John Scarlett, and died
at Runimede, Toronto Junction, a.bout 1848.
Her husband survived her nearly twenty
years.
Duncan Cameron and Samnel Heron were
assessors. The fir st became some yp.ars later
the colonel of the 1st regiment of North
York
Jilitia and commanded it during the
rebellion of 1837 aml 1838. Samuel Heron
resided in a log built house on Duke str.eet.
Toronto-o'r York rather--and wail father
of the well-known Andrew Heron, recently
àeceased.
George Playter, a relation of Eli, who.has
just been spoken of. was colle(;tor.
1 here were no less than ei!?ht path-
masters; these were John Ashbridge, John
Playter, Jacob Delong, Lawrence Johnson.
'l'hom1
s Hill. Joseph Ketchum, 4o\ndrew
Thomson and Elisha Beman,
The first named of these gave his name
to Ashbridge's Bay. east of Toronto. His
son died in this city at an ad va&lced age in
October, 189
. Jacob Delong does not ap
pear to have remainerl long in this vicinity;
his name soon disappears. Lawrence John-
sun was a Scarboro man, where many of his
descendants are still to be found Very
little is knowIl ot Thomas Ii ill, excepting
that he was a farmer near Toronto. Joseph
Ketchum was eitner a cousin or uncle of the
celebrated Jesse Ketchum. Andrew Thom-
son ,vas the eldest of thrce brothers, who

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-T hese figures, to borrow a. hackneyed
phra.se, ., afford food for refle
tion."
Of rates levied in May, or up to that
period in 1801. only fifty-nvo and a half per
cent. had been pa.id, a twelve month later,
and so far as the accounts are given in the
four years immediately followmg this period,
very little change for the better took place.
This was in a 'treat measure due, not
probably from any disinclination on the
part of the mhabitants of York ninety
vears since to .. render unto Caesar the
things t.hat. are Ca.esar'!!," but from ab-
solute inabiiity to rind the necessary cash.
Tp.).es could not be paid in kinà and the
supply of ready monf'Y for many long years
after thi3 period was exceedingly limited. A
son of a resident in Markham in 1794,indeed
born there in thol.t yea.r, relat.d shortly
before his death, which occurred about.
twenty years since, how a New England
pedlar came through
larkham in 1805 and
created quite a. sensation. not only by pay-
in;:: ready cash for what he required from

992

LAND
IARKS OF TOROK TO.

came to Canada about 18i5 01' a. very little that the person or persDns accepting the
earlier, and settled in :\larkham and Scar- present should" purchase not less than two
bora, Later they were joined by a. cousin, thousa.nd apple trees at three shillings, New
Hugh Chíistopher Thomson, and York currency. each; atter which will be
their descendantò in aud near 1'0- added, as a further present, about one
ronto now number many hundreds, I hundred apple, thirty peach, nnd fourteen
J-! ugh C. Thomson, a fo;mer secretary cherry trees, besides wild plums, wild
to the Board of Agriculture, was one of this I cherries, English gooseberries, white and
family,so is Rev. C. E Thomson, of Toronto red currants, etc."
J uuctiun, also E. \V. Thomson, a well I \Y hether
h'. Bond e\'.,r realized $750 for
known newspaper man and pleasing writer, his property is unknown. Upon that point
once ot Toronto, now of Boston, U. S. A. history is sllent. He had departed thereirom
Tha.t is quite sufficient to let people know though a few years later. Among other
what family Andrew Thomsen belonged to, new comera were Ephraim Payson. John
and though other memberi! of the family McBeath, David ThoDlson, Thomas Hamil-
will havE:: 1.0 be referred to, it wifI be un- ton, John KenJri. k and some others.
necessary to furnish our reaJers with any Among th. se John .McBeth, for evidently
further biographical remarks. Elisha. the spelling is in Îault in the manu8cript
Beman was do miller and general store keep- quoted from, was a farrr.er living lU 'loronto
er, and was also a very enterprising man. township, it is belieyed, near Y onge òtreet.
The poundkeepers were Robert Hender- Da\-ià I homson was _-\.ndrcw's brother.
son, Thomas Smith, John Dennis, James I Thoma.s Hamiltc.n was an mfluential trades-
.Evisson and Wilham Jones, while the town man or s
ocekeeper in the town of York,
warrlens were the well-knowll John ßiekie I I His name is fouIÌd among those who signe.:!
and Joseph \Yillcocks the address of welcome to Lieutenant.Gov-
The amount estimated to be prüduceù trom ' ernor Gore w, en he returned to this country
the rate levied in 1802 upon the town of in IS13 ,John Kendrick wa.s one of three
York and the Townships of York,
cllrl oro brothers, John, Joseph and Duke. John
and Etobicoke was f:li8 2
6d [:ti712 50) tbe was drowned while on his pas age from 01:1-
total number of people a8sessed being 17:!. wego to Sandy Creek in Dect.'mber, 1805.
The mhabitants numbered íi8, The pro- To revert once more to the abstract of ac,
portion therefore of ratepayers to popula- counts for the various years. In that issue
tion was almost 4.50 for th", ppriod frolll Aprillst,lSO::?, to )Iarch
The abstract of the accounts for the years 31st, li03, are these entries: .. JUlie 28th,
IH02 and 1803 present nothing very striking. 1802, a wolf's scalp certifi(;d by J. \Vilson,
There is a payment to Alexander Wood, Esq Esq" taken in part of assessment f:l."
of ;t5 17s 6å for" his account as per voucher A little latH, on January II, 1803, come'!
inchHling certiticate for five wolves' h
nds." the following enigP.latical elltry:-" PaiJ
But there is a footnoLð a.ppended to the Capta.in Farl for taking ,own
lary Ihy,
abstrac
from 1802 to this tllfect: "There four da.vs, ditto f.>r provisions furnishe.i by
appeartl due to the High L'onstal)}e two yeßrs' I him to take her from Kingston ,0 Lower
sala.ryor i:4 j currency." The accounts for I ("allaM, f:
.0.0. Paid \'","ilIia.m Hunter bil
1803 are like those of 1802, signed T. acconnt for' keeping the S<l.id' :Mary Day,
Ridout, Clerk of the Pea.ce. Home District. f:10."
There were a great number of new names Captain Earl commandeJ the
ell-known
in the list of ofIlcials for 1803. )Iany of the .ailing vessel, the 'I oronlo Yacht, but who
old uames rE:lI.ained certainly, bUIi the new- was Mary Day and why had the rd.tepayers
comers were numerous. The Town Clerk of the town oi York to be at such great ex-
was \Villiam Bonù, a nursery gar- ppu-e on her htohalf 'i
den propnetor, whose residence 011
Ia.rch 31st, 1803, three 1Vol\-es' sC9.lps
wa.s on the corner of Ontario and Duchess are paid for at the usual rate of f:1 each.
street::!, York. In the GazeUe of 1801,
1r. and there are several other entries of tiimilar
Bond aJvertised that he wanted to part with p,'yments. Some light is ti,rown on tbe
his proþerty, !{ive it away in fact, but per- cost of writing mil. erials early in the cen-
haps it will be as well if the advertisement tury, ior on December 2,lth. 1803, comes
itself is quoted; it runs thus: .. To be I this entry, "Fur the Chief Justice at tbe
given a.way, that heautitully situated lot, Court of Oyer :-
nu.nber one, fronting on Ontario and 2 quires large foolscap paper -.t 4s. ,8 0
Duchess streetli," he then proceeds to de, I IOU best yellow strin\! quills"... . 12 0'
scribe the many excellences of this pro- Bllt there is a llIar:!ina.l note explainlllg
perty, and then with all assurance that 1 that the shillings were York currency, so
E::ven the renowned SI1m, \\- elier might IHI.ve the actual sum would be not; twc,llty sbil-
eu\"ied, aùds his .. conùitions," these were hnes, but twelve shillings an.l sn.. J,lcnce.

LA
D}IARKS OF TORONTU.

t}93

currency, or $2 50. Nevertheless foolsulop Sheppard resided in or near Yorkville on
paper a' 50 cents a. quire, allli quill pens at Y onge street. He WIi.S very highly respected
$1 50 per hundred is rathE'r "steep." and for the time very well off; he con-
On June 29th, 1804, comes this entry. It tributed largely towards tlte erection of a
neecis neither note norcommeutif'yond this, church at York .Mills. He must not, though,
tha.t the artides paid for remained near ,the b., confounded with Harvey Shepard, the
present Court street, Toronto, on the well-known foundryman. Not only are they
site occupied by the \\ arehom'!es of of entirely different families but the names
Rowsell & Hutchison, for nea.rly thirty years are spelled differently. ,Mr.Jol>eph
heppard's
after their erectlOn, if not a little longer. It colleague, Daniel Cozens, was the son of
reads thus: "Ca.sh paid for making pillory Captain Daniel Cozens, an officer who fought
and stocks %.7." on the Royalist side in the revulutionary
No less than ;(10 appears in the accounts wa.r which had as its results the indepen-
for 1804 a.s havinO' been expended on wolves' dence of the United States of America. 'The
scalps, but, as no
a iew people yet living Cozens fa.mlly claim tlJat their ancestor
Loth in and near Toronto know, it was mð.ny built the tirst house e,-er erected in York.
a long year later before these scourges to But the ShaW's also assert that this
the farmer werp. exterminated in this dis- honor belongø to their great grand-
trict. father, M ajor, General :-- haw, and
The year 1804 is the last in which these as Captain Cozens' grant of land in YorK:
accounts are given item by item; after th&t bears date July 20, 1799, and the Sbaws, to
date & new system of i ookke ping was in- say nothmg of the Givins' and other well
troduced,so we pa.ss to the other matters. known families, were here in 1';94, the claim
As the ye30r 1804 was the lass, (as men- of the Cozens' iLt first siVht does not appear
tioned in a former article) ill which the ac- to bel a very (Tood one.
counts of the Home District were set forth Of Colin Drummond there is verv litt.le
each payment in a separate item, so is it the known; it has already been told who l'homu
first in which the officials acting for the town Han,ilton was, but Eliphalet Hale needs to
are named separately from tho
e acting for be spoken of. He was the man who opened
the Home District. up
onge street from Queen street to where
In the year now spoken of Eli Playter Bloor Hreet now i>>. In 1800 that portIOn
waB the town clt,rk of York, Joseph Shep- of York was not known as Y onp:e street, bu!i
pard and Oa.niel Cozens were t;he assessors; as" the road to Y onge street" the latter
Colin Drummond was <:ollector; Thomas commencing there and running northwards
Ha.milton and. Eliphalet Hale. pø.thma.sters; to Pen
tanguishene. Ha.le died on ::-eptem-
John Fisk, poundkeeper; ani Alexander bel' 17th, 1807, oeing at the time High Con-
\\' ood, esquire, town warden. s
able of the Home District.
In thti next year both assessors and col- .J ohn Fisk, the poundkeeper for 1804, waa
lectors were chall
ed, but they are people a farmer near York. His na.mt' soon disap-
we have met with before, as were the "over- pears from the list of office holders. John
aeers of highways af.td fencevie'\ era," no Fisk came to an untimelvend. He with
longer pa.thmasters be it noted; Gideon many others was on boa
d the schooner
Orton as poundlieeper, and Joseph Hunt as Speedy, which with all her crew and r.as-
town warden, make their appearance for the s, ngers wa.s lost some years later ùuring a
first time. . storm on Lake Ontario. Alexander'.\' ood 8
In 1806 John Detlor's name appea.rs as name is sufficient, he hll.S been described over
one of t:,e assessors, Isaa.c Collumhes a.s the I and over &JJ:ain. Not to know M.r. \Vood in
poundkeeper and Duncan Cameron and 180! was to be yourself unknown.
Robert Henderson 8S churchwarden and I Mt,. Joseph Hunt was an e&rly resident in
townwarden respectively. York and ('ne of the first ptW holders in St.
TheN were some changes, as a matter of James' church.
course, iu 1807, the town officials being as John Detlor who was in office in 1806, re-
follows: mamed in York some little time h,nger and
Assessors-Thomas Stoyell and Thomas then removeù to Kingston. Isaac Collumbes
Humberstonc. w, s a. famous cutler and gunmaker residing
Collector-John Ashbridge. on Caroline street (now Shtrbourne) York.
Overseers oÎ Highways and Fenctviewers He and his residtnce have beeu fully des-
-Parker .Mills and Parsball Terry. cribed in other pages of the "Lanùl1lat"ks"
Townw!Lrden. William A]]an, Esq. so it is not necessary to give him more than
:Poundkeeper, Lewis Bright. this passing notice.
After 1807 the names of the officials are Of the later named among the public men,
no longer given with the accounts. Thomas Stoyell is mentioned as ì eingin office
Of thes4t \"a.rious ofiice-bearer

Ir. J o::!eph in 1807, but this IllOSt probably is a mbt:Ll..efur

. 994

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

Thomas Stoyles, who had held the same
otfice previously. There was, though, a Doc-
tor Stoyell in York at the period and it may
have been him.
Thoma. Humberstone, the colleagu6 of
Thomas Stoyell, lived on Y onge street,
nea.r Hogg's Hollow, and served through-
out the war of 1812 as a lieutenant in the
militia. He receind the war meda.l granted
to the Canadian forces as well as the Im-
perial troops for the war of 1812 1'1r.
Humberstone was ODe of the earliest mem-
bers of the Society of York Pionet:rs, and
rema.ined among that body until tbe time of
his d, ath.
Par ker .'.lills was a farmer on the Don,
to the west. of where Broadvlew avenue now
runs.
Parshall Terry was both a. farmer and
a mill owner, also residing on the banks
of the Don. He served throughout the
\Y ar oÏ Independence as a soldier in
Hutler's Ranger3 au(l on the conclusion of
peace settled ill Upper Canada. As has
previously been related, he W8.1! accidentally
drowned in 1809. He left a very large fam.
ily of sons and daughters, the Jas!; of whom
only died in 187:>. His widoW married
\VHliam Cornell. whom she a.lso survived.
She died earlv in the ,. fifties" at a yerv
great a.ge, lea;ing children, gralld-childre;.
and grt:at-grand,childreu.
\VilIiam Allan, Esq., the town warden,
wa.s the \\ell-known occupant in later years
of Moss Park. <1.nd father of Senator U. \Y.
Allan. He was one of the most prominent
public n,e:1 in York until its incorporation
as a. city in 1834 under the name of Toronto.
After then, though, he took an act,ive ahare
in the management of the Bank of Upper
'CanaJo., aud was also most useÏul during the
troubles of 1837; he took no very proml'
Dent part in public affairs. His name
is a.tta.ched to the capitulation of York in
1813, h. being at the time major in the
York militia He married Miss Gamble, I
daughter oÏ Dr, Gamble, of the Queen's I
Rangers. This lady was a sister of the
three brother., John. \V illiam and Clarke
Gamble. also of Mrs. Birchall and
Jrs.'
McCaulay. Mr. Allan died ill 18.33.
The last person to be mentioned is Lewis
Brigbt. He was a well-hnown man and as
bi
hly r
spected as he was well-known.
The two streets in tbe ea.stern portion of the
city, Lewis and Bright streets, are called
alter him, One of his IIODS resi.ded for a
great; number of years on the north side cf
Quf'en streei west. near Bathurst street, and
his grandchildren and ji?;rea.t-grandchildren
.till reside in the city.
The follt>wing return, IIlKowing the culti-
õ1a.teù anù uncultivated pa.rts of Toronto.

with particulars of thp. houses, cattle. etc.,
wil! prove of Bome I1ttle ;Dterest. I t is
heat1ed: "Abstract of the Home District for
the Yea.r commencing 7th March, 1803."

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LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

995

In 1804. t.he fcr.n of t.he return is Borne- The returns for 1807,8-9 are stiUmore ex.
what altered and as will be seen ,here i. a tend ed, being &8 folloW1:i :-
slight increase in the amoun' of the ra.tes:-

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99.i

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

These figures a.re somewhat difficult to
understand a d &3 rp.gards the cultivated a.nd
uncultivated areas it is worse than UllelelW
t
att1!mpt any explanation.
\Vhat is the precise meaning of "houses
in town" and" houses in country"
WhOll the
figures are only given in reference to the
town of York is equaily perplexing, but the
rest of the statistics given are inteHigible
enough and tell their own tale.
The num' er of persons assessed in the
years 1804-5is not given. In 1806 there were
175, but this included the t.ownship of York
in I R07. For the town of York only 113.
The numbers a.re not R;iven for 1808, but ,in
1809 they are returned as 111.
In 1810 the following particulars are taken
from the abstract:-
No. or persons as- I
sessed........ .. 121 Saw milld........ 0
Acres culti vated. 96
Merchant;;' shop3 11
H
u

.

i.

,90'm I

:seel
0
fs
8 tönå '
Grist mills..,.... 81 and upwards... 3
'J he tota.l valuation Was ;(20,938, 6s. Od.,
and the "sIAm to be collected with the mem-
bers' wages added thereto" was f:92 17s, 5
d
The accounts for 1810 are signed ou July
13th, 1810, by Thomas G. Ridout, Deputy
Clerk of the Peace, a.cting no doubt for his
father, Mr. Thomas RIdout. This is the
only instance where they are so sii!ned.
The amount of -valuation maùe March 4th,
181'2, was ;(33,506, 128. Od., and the ('ate
a.mounted to ;(146, lis. 9ù., the number of
people assessed being 128. A few months
later the wa.r between the United States and
Great Britain broke out, and possibly owing
to that circumstance there are no accounts
whatever for the year 1813.
There is no room for dou bt as to the
disastrous eftects of the hostilities upon
the town of York. Not only had
the ratepayers decreased to 116, but the
valuation had gone ,ìown also to ;(31,884
12s. Od., a decrease of more than ;(1,600.
'
'o show the growttl of Yark from
1820 to the year preceding its incorporation
us R. city the figures are gi ven for 18:W, '25,
30 and 1833.
11 1' 1 I
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1820 232 U8.... 26 4 21 7 132 1 288i21126 17 0
1825 3U 2;:s3 ,... 48 4 33 \ 4..411301179 H

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It is to be regretleJ that the number of

ratepayen is not given ..fter 18
)(), but tb.
probable number in 1833 would be about
450.
\Vhat are described as saw mills were ..ery
probably also timber yarde where the tim-
ber was also sawed into boards and scantling
for builders' purposes.
The rate for .. members' wl\ges" varieù,
Bometimes it was only the twenty.secondth
of a penny in the
. at other times one-
ninth.
As is mentioned in the article on
York's population there were several
iron foundries in York in 1828, but
in thE gen.riLl return these are all
classed uud"r the heading of "merchantR'
shop. "
A very fragmentary return of the trials at
the HOlJ\e District sessions for 1830 shows
that there were indicted throuebout the year
thirty-eight J risoners for the f-ollowiug
offences :-
Aesault and battery. . . . . . . . ., .29
Petit (sic) larceny. ............ 8
Nuisance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . .. I

Total . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
There is this plaintive note to the re-
turn :-
., K. R. - The Clerk of the Peace has no
documents by whIch to ascertain constable!:!'.
police and witncsses' fees."
In concluding these reminiscences one
more comparison may be made, and that is
between the rateable value of York in 1833
and Toronto in 1893, sixty years later :-
Year: Rateable Value. Amount Produced
1833 $393,948 $1,633 65
1893 $150,766,035 $2,601,882 00
The taxation in 1833 was as nearly aEl
possible equal to twenty-six cents per head
of the population; in 1893 it exceeds fifteen
dollars, ta:king Toronto's preient population
as in round figures 170.000 souls.

CHAPTER CCLXII.
THE TOWN OF YORK.

It!! Rhe nod Prð::cre"M-I... .-ðpulaflon Reo
tUI'UIl FrolU 1'%93 to 1834, ,,,Uk OUler In.
',erelln..g Data.

here are no earlier parliamentary returns
relating to the population of Y<lrk,(now Tor-
onto)than those prepared III the year 1I':!00 for
the Home district, which comprised the town-
!hips of King, Markham, Vaughan, \\ hit-
church, (the population of .all these places
bein
given t!eparately) with, grouped to'

LANDMARKS OF TOROKTO.

997

gbther, those shown in the following re-
turn :-

The returns from 1817 to 1820 are alike
in form.

Child'n,
Townships

co

""

!::

York ........... }
Rtobicoke.. ... ,
Scarborough.. .
and
Town of York..

451

298

A foot note is appended to this return
statin!! :--
.. This return was imperfect, the Town
Clerk not having òistinguished the (fhii-
dren, there appear, however, in it 278
men.
Tl}e retur'1S from 1801 to 1809 both years
inclmllve are not quite as full as might be
wished. For lI1stance, in 1801 the popula-
tion of the towu of York is gi ven separa.tely,
but in the two iollowing years it is
" lumped" with adjacênt townsLips. In
1804 it is again by itself a.nd one is able
to judge 0; the pi ogress thp. town wa.s ma.k-
ing.
it is hard to account for the decrease in
the number of the womt:n and boys in 18(17
as compared with 1805, but it cannot be
J.{aimaid ; there are the fi
ures to tell their
own tale.
The returns were &B follows:-

Ch'ld'n.
Township.

oj t;

E:

- --- --- - -- - -- -
1801 Town of York 136 66 72 62 336
1802 York. town and town-
ship, and the Town-
ship of Etobicoke.. 220 148 150 141 659
1803 York, ScarborouKh,
Ktobicoke and Towu
of York , .. .. . . . . . . . . 320 206 211 231 968
1804 Town of York only.. 149 lOi ]21 82 !i;J6
1805 Ditto. . . . .. :... ... .... 15!i 130 108 81 !i73
1807 I Ditto............. ... 164 99 94 91 U8
1809. Ditto.. .. .. ... . .. ...... 195 162 137 8.3 577

749

' I 'Children

N co

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gl

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"t:! ":t
TO'l./m.'Ship.

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l
:3
t;

I

t;

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'

...

'
Town of york.... 1817 335 1 196 531 187 150 S6S

'own o

:=

': 213
105S
Town of york.... 18]9 un 26jl;o-1 2i8 222 1174
Town of york.... 18
O 43; ,3051712 260 2"38 1240
--

These fi!{ures call for but; little comment,
though it is somewhat singular tt&a.t, while
there is a slight decrease in the "heads of
families" as-compared with the preceding
year, there is II. net increase of sixty-six i
-
habitants,
The returns for the next thref' years were
prep
red with great care and
Jluch more
attention to detaiL They are thus e:ivcn :-

Heads Children Lo' {J

of in Each and
Fam'l'[f Township SenJ'ts.

oj
.

I lcë

. \-<

<ë
I
I

'" c _ ...
ã

,

03
t;

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...:
5! 6
i::
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(

T'n of-York ï82i129Ï 1 209 Ii3 l ul 29Z I27i m'ln 1558
Tn of York 1822 j 38i
I 4 3249,271 831 BS j l33&
Tn of York 1823 237 189 39
1223lz50 2051 Ull330

The figures contained in these last three
ye!'l.rs are "'om
what perplexing. Compa.ring
1821 with its imm, diate predp.cessor there is
a phenomena.l increase of no less than three
hundred and nineteen souls. The next year,
though, 1822, tells a widely different tale,
wnen, though the hea.ds of families increase,
the males by ninety,six and thc females by
forty-five, the net decrease of the year
re'l.ches two hundred and twenty-three
people. Readers may posl'libly be able to
The whole of these returns are signed by find II. soluti, n for the contradictions and
Thomas Ridout, Clerk of the Peace, the last inconsistencies that tÌlese figut'es present,
one, that of 1809, being da.ted .. York, 19th but the tables themselves give no ex plana-
Septem her, 1809." tion nor suggest an V.
The next returna issued were in 1817 !Iond The following letter from Mr. S. Heward
the signature appea.rs as Clerk of tbe Peace a.ccompanied these account8 in 1823.
of S. Heward, There is a slight variation (Copy.)
in the form of l.he return also, men, women Office of the Clerk of the Peace,
d . ld f bo h b . d . . d d Yori>:, 4th August. 1823.
an
hl ren 0 t sexetl emg IVI e ac- SIR.-I have the honor to transmit to you to
oordmg to age. , be laid before his Excellency. the Lieuten&n

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO-

GOTernor. an abstract from the leTeral Town In addition to hi. iron foundry Mr. Dutø:h.r
Clerks' returns, of inhabitanta now rOiJiding in had a P lou"h and cut steel axe manufa.c-
the Home Uistrict. receivH by me between ,..
She 4th February and 31st July inclu8ÍTe. tory.
I have the honor to be sir. ,-our mo.t obedient But this gen'leman \Vas not allowed to
.enan
':5ignedÞ, S. HEWARD, have all the trade to himself, the well kno WD
Clerk Peace, Home District.. Harvey Shepard ha.ving no less than three
To Ma.jor HilUer, Secretary to hh Excellency. !leparate eshblishlllents where he carried on
the Ueuunant-Governor. precisely the same class of trade as Dut.:her.
It is co &evenly years allo," yet the wife of
hepard's factories were on the west side of
:Major Hillier, to whom this letter was Ad- I the .treet Damed after him, connectin

dressed, is still a1iye and well, though fast Adelaide and Richmond street&.
approaching the end of her tentb decade of There WII.8 yet anot.her factory some few
exil!!tence. She 1"as the .ister of Colonel miles from Toronto, described in the return
James Givins, whose praperty w... in the as a "carding machine aDCi falbn
mill."
west end of the city, and of whom much bas and rather Yagu
ly described a. situated in
1>>een alrðady written, It is not at any time the "Town.hip of York, RiTer Humber."
altogether romme ilfalll to refer \0 a lady'. This millw... owned by Mr. Jobn SCArlett

e even so
uartledly .. h... just been done, and w.. of stone, 8'&ndin
on the west bank
but... population return. are being discus. of the riyer, where the latter is crossed by
_d, poasibly it will be excused by those the road leadin
from Dundas street to the
who may notice i
Villagt'l of Weston, long known as Scarlett's
Major Hillier died in India more than I road, and which at one time formed the
fifty years R.
.. northern boundary of Scarle,t'. racecourse.
From 1824: to 1833, the lattu beinJt the Mr. Scarlett had his office in York, wl.ere
last year of Y ork'B existence under that he a.lllo ha.i a
imber ya.rd.
aame, the form of the returns was the sa.me Two Bailing ,-el8el. were built at York (tbe
.. in u.e from 1817 to 1820. With only one Bame document juss quotel from tells us) in
exception they exhibit a .teady increase in 18
, one of thirty-eeYen and the other of
'tie town's population. sixty-four tons, bus who conatructed them
and at what particular locality we are left
to conjecture,
Mr, S, Heward, as Clerk of the Peace,
si'tned the returns from 1824 un.n 1828.
After the latter year Simon Washburn sigus
un:i11834. The last return relating to the
Town of York was signed by the deputy
clerk, Mr. William Hepburn; it is dated 13th
January, J834. The next foUowine it is
dated, "office of the Clerk of the .Peace, city
of Toronto, 2nd ,Tane, 1834.
(Si
Ded)

998

6

o

.

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t
]
o

]

<t)o

ë:;

"" tI.... <t) "i;

f .g

;z:: ii: 1

t!)
TOWD of york,118 1 ,t 578 mi l ' 9t6

'1685
.. 1825 528 430
307 412 1617
.. 1826 560 1 458 10181 323 37ò 1719
.. 1827 513 51711030 1 3í7 j 4'10,1817
.. 18: 691 '651156 617
62,!235
.. 1829 808 52' 1 1332 686 '93
1l
.. 1830 7821672 5991 S89 1 286Ø
.. 18311!57 807
1105' 800 1 3989
.. 1&321857 1500,3357 1 ' 1125' 1023 , 5505
.. 1133312056 17723828 1189' 1077 ,6094

Childrl!n.
.

Tovmship.

Accompanying the ret.ura for 1829 iø an
additional document, showing the manufac-
1.orie;; and ship yards then in existence in
the Town of York. AmonJt the former iø the
paper mill of Eastwood and Spinner, situ-
ated .. on the River Don, three miles from
Y OI'k. .. F. R. Dutcher's "\. 'upola. furnace
.. ireo foundry," wa.s .ita.ted, though, in
tbe .. Town of
ark." Tbe precise locality
iø Dot given, lut it was on the east side of
YODge street, about eighty or one hundred
y&Ña frflm ita june
iO'ü with King Btreet.

S. WASHBURN,
Clerk Peace, H. D. ..
with the following foot note, "S"nt in tri-
plicate to Colonel Rowan, this 2nd June,
1834, W. H" The initials are those of Mr.
Hepburn.
Tha.t is a.lmost sixty yean .inee. Mr.
HepLurn's daughter only paased away five
years since, but descendants of his to the
fourth generation a.re yet in thð city, as
there are a1l0 worthy repl'esent!Ltivea of
bo.h Simon \.Vashburn and Colonel Kowan.
So as to render this paper complete for
purposes of comparison, a census table from
1834 to 1892 is appended:
Year. Popu'aticn, Increa
Decrecut"
1834, under 9,000
1841 15,000
1851 30,735
1861 (-1-,821
18il 56,092
1881 86,415

6.000
15,'35
14,086
11,271
30,323

LAND)IARKS OF TORON roo

990

Decrease. over to keep the peace towards the prosecl1
tor in the !lum of ;(20.
At tl:e same siHing was "read a petition
from the inhabitants of Etohicoke respectin

the ferry at the mouth of the River HUlT'ber.
on ae ount of the high chaIges 110' said ferry,
and it was ordered by the court to summon
James Crawford, keeper of the said ferry, to
attend the court to-morrow at 10 o'clock..
which was accordingly done," On the fol-
lowing day James Crawford att!!nded as he
was orlered but the case \\ as adjourned
until April 13th.
The Fln& Dnys or .he
en'øry-The Grand On April 12th, John Thorn, Nicholas
'uqueMt--J.'rlvolouM and
'f'xRtl.a!i <<:lIargel Klinkenbrumer. John \Villis.ms and
-'1'be HOlDe Dbtrld School. JamelJ Baker were indicted" for a. nuisance."
] he !Ldmini!ltration of judice in the town \Vha.t this nuisance was we are not speciti.
ef York in the earlier days of the present cally informed, but at any rate they pleaded
century presents a marked contrast between .. not gUllty." Nevertheless, the jury tooK
that which obtains in the city of TorolltonO\\. a differtmt view of the matter, and convioted
Nowadays trifling charges of theft, assault, them, the sentence of the court. being that
drunkenness, etc., al'e di!'>posed of by tbe the defendants "be committed to t.he Home
stipendiary magistrate with advantaR;e not District ja.il for the space of fourteen days,
only to the community gene' ally but also to and there to remain until they remove all
that of both prosecutors and defendants. Tn their things out of the Yellow House."
those dayE. ,though,aJl snch cases were heard James Cra.wford, the fer:yman at the
at whl\t was known as the General Quarter Humber, attended, according to orders, the
Sessions, and it is from the minute Look of sit
ing of the court on the 13th inst It Wa.'l
those i5E'ssions that It is now proposed to then and there decreed that the old ft'rrv
give some extracts whic\} may prove of some rates were too high, .. and that less ra.,is
little general interest to our re&.ders. would support a ferry very well."
The Gener
l Quarter Sessions for the year The old rates were accordingly abolished
1810 were opened at York on Tuesday, and these substituted in their place ,. &n\Ì
April 10th, being, as the opening wor.-1s of ordered to be taken and no D\ore" ;-
the recurd states, .. the fittieth year of the s. d.
reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Single horse, carriage and driver. . .. 1 0
Third;" before Alexa.nder \V ood, Esquire, Double horse, l'arriage and driver. .. 1 3
wpo was chairman, and Duncan Cameron Every horse and rider. . . . . .. . . . ., . , 5
and Donald McLean, Esquires, whu were Every horse \\ ithout rider. .. . .. . . . . 2

his associates. Every horned cattle..............,

What is described as the G rand Inquest, Every sheep. . . . . , . . . . " . . .. .... . . I
that js, the Grand Jury, consisted of twenty Every hog. , , . .. ... .. ........... 1
mf'mbers, their foreman being Charles Every foot passenger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
\\ illcocks, and
mong his col. The appointment of consta.bles for 1 he
leae-ues were .Tohn Jordan, Lewis Bright, Town of York took place on April 16th,
Thomas St'>yell, Joràan Post, senior, and I when l
enjamiu Cozens was .. contillUed
Jordan Post, junior, Caleb Humphrey, pat- , fro'll the last year" a.s High Consta.ble
rick Ii artney and John l-'layter. All of and ten others appointed to act
tbese names are well, known in the early uoder him. The only Doticeable
annals of York. At this da\ 's sitting of the. name beside!l that of COEens is tbat
court two indictm. nts \Vere 'preferr
J both d .Alexander Le
ge.
for assault and bat.teIY against two separ- 'I he court adjourned on April 21st until
ate defendants. In one case the grand in- May 5th, following.
quest found "no bill" amI the said dE'fen- When the adjollrnei! sessions were opened
dl'-nt wa
accordingly acquitted (sic). I, on the ciate mentioned, there were many
The other case, thou
h, appears to have coml'laints made to the justices there
been n. very pretty family quarrel, the pro- assembled that statute Jabor "as being
seculor and detendants being closely relat- avoided, no less than fh e persons appearing
ed. However. both sides appear to have .. to show cause why they ha.d i10t performetl
thought it well not to wash their tr.eir statute duty for 1809. '. Many excuse.
dirty linen aItogethr I' in pub- were made; eventulI.:iy all the cases were
lie, for the d('femlants pleade,l guilty aùjourued until the 12bh instant, when it
and were fined each one shilling and bonnd was ordered .. that Darcy ('oulton be sum

Y"ar. PopulatioK.
*1884 105,211
t1891 181,2

:1891 188,914
1892 169,099
* S!!mi,Centennial year.
t Dominion cenaus.
::: Police census.

Increa.çe.
18,796
76,009
7,694:

18 915

CHAPTER CCLXIII.
THë EARL V SES810NS.

1000

LANDMARKS OF TORO.NTO.

moned to attend tbe court. tI Mr. Boulton Eut 1811 W811 yet \"ery younJt when the
was PathmaS1ier, and the defendantl had first. sessions were held, and it is interesting
pretty
eneraliy agreed in their tale, that to note that this is the first time the minutes
he,
lr. Boulton, had neyer warned them to contain any intimation aø to where the
attend their duties. However that may meetinR;s took place. It is mentioned that
have been, when the 12th instant arrived they "were holden a.t the Government build.
Mr. Boulton ga\"e an explanation which ings in the town of York. tI
apparently satisfied the magistrate and the At these sessions, opened on January 8th,
matter dropped. Thomas Ridout, Esquire, appeared and
The court met aga.in on May 19th only to U took and subscribed the oaths prescribed
adjourn until July 7th, when the minutes by law as a Ma
istrate. " Mr. Ridout wa.
record, .. the April sessions were thus closed 8ubsequently unanimously chosen chairman
and the court adjourned." Thomas Ridout of thiB august bodV.
eigns the record as Clerk of the Peace for the At this same meetinJt was read the Lieu.
Home District. tenant.Governor's commission to Stephep
ThE: court once more assembled on July Heward, appointing him Clerk of tùe Peace
10th, the justices present being Wm. Allan, for the home district.
Duncan Cameron, William Graham, Donll.ld It ia amusing to note tbe precision witb
McLean and Archibald Thomson, esquires. which eyery trißinR; detail was recorded in
There were no cases of any importll.nce for those early days Mr. Heward .. took the
trial, but OD July 13th, II Hugh Carfrae oath prescribed by law." Thl. is all very
presented his account for putting up the jail well for a man like the clerk of the peace,
pickets, amounting to æ60 151. Od. ($243 (0), but it provokes a smib when you read the
which pa8sed the session!!." same thin't about. someone who had just
On September 1st when the ses"ions were been appointed a pound, keeper or constable.
held, there was the usual plentiful crop of Mr. Thomai Ridout's rt.signation of the
complaints about statute labour not be inK office ot regis
ra.r ior the County of York
performed. Thill appears to have been a wal presen ed at this meetin
, II where-
duty 1'ery grt:atly disliked. upon," the minutes gravely inform us, .. the
Upon application malie by Colonel justices reprellented to his Excellency the
Givins to be sllowed to do so it was order- LieU'tenant-Go1'ernor of the vacancy, pray-
ed " that he be allowed to perform his sta- ing that he would be pleased to fill it by
tnte labor for this year and the l&8t upon the lIome fitting person &8 the law åirecteð."
road leadin'tpast his house to the Humber." The sessions adjourned until April gth
That would be on Dundas:street, fro.n where following.
OSllington avenu-. now begins. But a special session had to be held
At the lIleebÏng of the ses!!lions on Oc- more than a month earlier than the date
tober 9th the names of two new magistrates named at the time of adjournment. This
appt!ar; they were Richard Beasltty and was held at the house of Duncan Cameron,

arru
1 Smith. The former is described Esquire, in the town of York, on Friday,
in a York paper of this date &11 bein
.. of March ht, a.t 10 o'clock a..m., there being
Barton"; the latter W&8 the well known present besides Mr. Cameron and Mr. J.
Samuel Smith, who resided on the eastern Ridout, John Small, another new name
banks of the Don. At this same meeting it added to the list of the .. great nnp"id."
was ordered .. that directions be sent to the The clerk called the tLttention of the jus.
pathmaster for the west part of the Town- tices to, and read,a letter from,Mr, 'Bea.sley,
ship of York, on the Humber, to warn Mr. of Barton, complaining that t.wo of the path.
Shaw and Mr. Gi1'ins to work their statute masters in the towDship of Trafalgar had
labor on the Humber road." paid no ahention to the orders of the court
The court met 3.gain on Saturday, October transmitted to them. The court ordered
20th, Mr. Willian: Allan being the only tbat these defaulters be summoned to att
nd
magistrate present, whereupon Mr. Riãout I a special Sesllion of the Peace II to be holden
CTa\'ely reoordll:- II By reason of no ether at the house lately occupied by \Yilliam
magistrates attending, the C0urt adjourned WïIlcocks, Esquirp.," on l\Jarch 15th follow-
till Saturday,3rd November ne;xt." The ing, to show eause why they had not com
court duly met on the date named, when plied with these orders.
the minutes inform UI:-" There being The following t!'Xtract from the minutes of
nothing to do the court adjourned for the March 1st, throws a strange light and any.

1ichaelma8 tflrm." There are no further thin't Lut a pleasing one, upon the state of
minutes for the year 1810, so it is to be lIociety in Canada &t the date referred ta.
presumed th-.re were no more sessions h
ld That sla.very existed in the English colonies
in that year af
er those that have just been for maD! years later than 1811 is well
mentioned were concluded. known, but that it was actually in existence

LAND
JARKS OF TORONTO.

in the Town of York, now the City of To-
ronto but little more than eighty years
aiDce will prove a. surprise to not a few of
those who will read this sketch, The ex,
tract reaåt!l thus :-" '\Vilham Janis, of
the Town of York, Esquire, informed tho
court that a negro boy and girl, his s
a\"el!,
had the evening before been committed to
prison for having stolen gold and t!lilver out
of hia desk in his dwelhng house, and
escaperl from their said ma.ster, and prayed
that the court would order that
the aaid prisonera be brought
before said court for examination,'
The prisouers were brought up according-
ly, when it waa ordered that ". he !aid negro
boy named Henry, commonly called Prince,
be recommitted to prison and I there t!lafely
kept till delivered accordi[J
to law and that
the
irl do return to her said master."
Tbe depositiona taken in court respectin

thit!l matter were from William Jarvi!>, Wil-
liam D. Forest, Doctor Jamea Glennan and
lau.c Columba.
When the ordinary meeting of the
sessions assembled on April 9th, Mr. Samuel
Smith took his seat as a malliatrate for the
first time. Thu grand inquèst consisted of
twenty-one members, amon't tbem being
these subsequently well-kn9wn names:
Stilwell Wil,son. John 8carlett, Samuel
Heron, Samuel Mercer, Joseph Sheppard,
Patrick Hartnf'Y, John Denison, Joseph
Cawthra and George DUJ1:gan
The cases for trial were most insignï1cant,
being chiefly for as;jault and battery, with
all 0. matter of course complaints by the score
against nearly everyone liable to perform
statute labor for ne!lecting their duties,
The pathmasters in those far away times
must have had anytbing but a bed of roses
First they had to WbrI1 the occupiers of
land that so much work was required from
them, then they had to get the work done
if they coulò, and &II they generally could
not, they then had to brin
the delinquents
before the Court of Quarter Ses9ions. But
oven then their troubles were not over, for
the court generally took a lenient view of
the matter, possibly as every CIne of the
magistratt:s were liable for statute l"bor
themselvet!l, II a fellow feeling made them
wondrous kind" and those brou
ht before
them were generally let oft' if the} proDJit!led
to do the work,
What constituted an assault in those
daya! It would be very interesting to have
that queation answered, for pnetty nearly
everyone seems to have been eummoned
before the Magistrates sooner or later fbr
that offence. At these very !.eSSlOns George
T. Denison was summoned to appear for this
crime, the prosecutor being one William

1001

l\lattice. The Grand Inquest, though, re-
turned" no bill" and the minutes proceed
to say "the said Geor
e Denison was accord-
ingly acquitted," There Rore many ye
i.
Toronto who re"'embu this gentleman.
They will not require to be t<>ld that the
comment. he probably made on the conduct
of William M!l.ttice in prot!lecu'ing him 011
a groundlt:t!la charge made up by their vig-
or and heartiness for anything that they
might lack in politeness or elegance of lan-
guage.
Hut Mr. Denison was not alone, for Dun.
can Cameron, Esquire, (actnally one of the
justices) wat!l indicted for the same offence,
and II pleading Jruilty, was tin
d':'one : shill.
ing, which he paid to the aheriff in court."
They were intenseiy loyal in those days.
though, for the Grand Inquest" fro:n in-
formation nce ved" made a presentment
against Jet!lse Updegraff for-it causes ua
pain to have to chronicle such a picce of
history-" baving d-d the king and used
other disrespectfullan
uage in the house
of John McBride, on Y onge atreet. II
Je.,e was ordered to be brouJ1:M
before the court on July 9th, following.
A minute of April 10th records the ap-
pointment of Duncan Cameron &8 Registrar
of Dt:eds for the county of York, vice l{idont
resigned.
Among the constables appointed at thf't!le
seasions for the town of York, appears tbft
name of Jesse Ketchum. Few men saw
greater changes in Toronto than he did i.
his four score years of life. And it may
also be aaid that veryllfew mt'n spent a
long life with such complete unselfishnC8s ILl
he did.
At the meetinJt of the sessiont!l called for
April 29th there were tl.ree maiistratq
present, who, thou
h, immediatt:ly ad-
journed until tbe following May 4th, there
being as the minutes qU8.intly record,
"nothir.g-particula.r before the
ourt,"
\Vhen the Ma
istratea AssembJed on tbe
date fixed !/omong more trivial matten
there waa " iaid before the court an esti-
mate of the expense attending the repair of
floor of the jail, which" as approTed and re-
commended that the chairman doap}..lyto hi.
Exc
llency the Lieut. .Uovernor that he will
bo pleased to direct tha.t tAe spike nall
be
furnished from the King.s t!ltores, as there
are not any of the description required to
be purcha.sed at York,"
The coart at this Fame meeting alt!lo order.
ed that the assessment of rateable propert1
in the Home Dist1"Ïct remain at; one penny ia
the pound, which was the s:1'me as in the year
preceding. The next meeting was on Ma,
18th, when there was no business before th.
court, whieh accordingly adjourned for a

1002

LANDMA RKS OF TORONTO.

"eek. When
hey met again on M.y 25Ut,
they appointed Mr. WilIia.m Knott,
keeper of the House of Correction, for
the Home Diltrict. With the exception
ef the ever recurring complR.inta about tbe
nou-performan
or ill-performance of the
å&tute laoor, nothing farther tranapired .t
theae sessiona wor
hy of notice. Theyad.
journed on June 11th, not to meet again
unta Julv 9th. The lðotter date was that
upon which JeS8e Updegra.ff ,,&II
bave
been brought before the court for hia disloyal
e](pressions r88pectin
his Most Gracious
}Jajeaty George the Third, but when this
.ugust body aasembled their minut.. record :
.. the bench warrant issued to take the aaid
Upde
raff was rsturned, 1.1 he could not
be found.' Ar.d he never was found, and
very probab!y no one "as one bit \,he "orse
.wio
to the fact that he escaped.
There wel'e several paltry CAses of
sault
and battery for trial at thia date but noth-
inti!: wh.tever of any geueral interest. The
..lary of the keeper of the HO'.lse of Cor-
rection was fixed at otlO currency per an-
aum, ($40). ThÌJI "as Tary amall certainly
but probably the dutiea were equally light
and as Mr. Knott was .lao keeper of the
jail, he was not so Tary ba.dly off.
The court did not meet again until Octo-
ber 8, the Malistrates present beinq Messrs.
Thomas R.idout, Donald Mc Lean, . \V il1ialD
Allan, Duncan Cameron, Richard Beasley,
&muel Smith, Richard Hiott ..nd William
Apple
arth, the two last bein
new names.
William Warren Baldwin Esq. Junior
Judge of the Home District l'ourt,applied at
Ù1ese ..saions to be allowed tc. open the
DÌJltrict Court in the Upper House which
......
ra.nted. The "Upper House" referred
to meanq the chamber occupied hy the
Leltislative Council now-I.-days as the Sen-
..te. There "as DObhing of interest in the
proceedin
s of any of the meetings of the
Sessions until December 9-th, when, before
the magistrates Iih.n a.ssembled, the clerk
l'Cad this letter:
SHERIFF'S OFFICB, YORK. 4th Det'., 1811.
81&-1 beg leave to st-ate to you that the
prisoners in the cells ot the jail of the Home
DÚ!tnct Buffer much trom cold and damp, there
being no method of communicating heat from
the chimnies, nor any bedsteads to raise the
.traw from the floors, which lie nearly, it not
&ltop;eLher. on the J!(round. 1 have to request
that 70U "ill represent these matten to 70ur
brother. ma
istrates. and sugge.' th"t .. small
..ove in tbe lobb7 of each range of cf'Ua, a rough
bedstead fur each cell, togl\ther with Borne rugs
or blankets, will add much to the comfortofthe
QDbapP7 prisoners confined. and, it is to be
hoped "ill remove the gri-eTaDce complained
of to. sir,
Your most obedient humble servant.
(S1
l.ed) JoaN HEIKIE, Sherifi'.
TBOMÃ8 RIDOUT.Es
.
Chairma.n o. S_ Home Diqtrir.t..

When this communication from the
Sheriff wü road it natur.lly c.used a good
deal of discussÍolI. and it was eventuallv
ordered:- "That the tre.surer do procUl"-e
t"o amall mettle (sic) atovea and pipes-and
to furniah such bedsteads, blankets or ru
s.
as may be found neceli8ary' for the pris-
oners, JI
At the øeNions "hich assembled on
Dece
nber 28th the following people applIed
for and wero granted permission to open
ta verns in the to"n of York, Tiz. :
William
mith, Junior, John Evans
Joseph B. Abbot. Seth Cook, Andrew
O'Keiff., John Jordan, Josp.ph Hunt,
Osborne Cox and Thomas Hamilton.
The {.CII that stoves were or.lered for the
jail has been mentioned already. They were
so ordered on December 9th, bu t -on Februarv
18th, more than two months later, though
the stoTes were there, there was no fuel for
them. On the date just named Mr. Thomas
Ridout, in his c"pacity ItJJ chairman of the
Quarter Sessions, signified to the court that
the keeper of the Home '}iatrict jail "prayed
'hat the court would grant him firewood for
the t"o stoves lately erected for the use of
the criminals in the lobby of the cells. II
Eight corda of wood were then ordered to be
purchased II for the use of the aaid stoves
this winter..
] hi! question of statute labor was aga.in
to the fore at the sessions held on April
18th, 1812, "hen among the many other
notices in relation to the sa10e subject it was
ordered, to quote the exact words of the
minute book :-" That Thomas Ridout,
Esquire, do perform the "hole of his 8tatute
labor of thia ye.r on Duke street opposite
to h:. premises, or on any part of Duke
street whereby he may be most benefitted."
How very accommodating! But so long a9
the at"tute labor was performed and per-
formed properly, it mattered not a jot
whether Mr. Ridout ex cuted his share on
Duke street or anywhere el.p.. The roada
required so much to be done to them, and
with all tte statute labor, so little good Wag
effected in their state, that so long as each
occupier tulfilled his duties, whether in one
place or another, it was suffi
ient.
Benjamin CozeM had for some time been
performing the duties of high constable, hut
at these sessions Charles Baynes was ap-
pointed to succeed him in that office for tl:e
town of York. Among the constables
appointed at the same time the
name of J onl),than Ca.,w
thra figures conspicu-
ously. But a glimpse :
afforded us by these
minutes of the prepa.l""cIol. ,
that were then
being made all through UPl--"-: Canada for
the impending war with the Unitell States
of America. Many of those who bad been

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

1003

appointed to serve as consta.blea were ex-
cused, on the groul.d of their U being volun-
teers for the flank companies." Among
those 80 excused were these :-Seth Cook,
WnFam Shaw, Robert Moore, .Jon.tha1:1
Cawthra, and sevf!ral others, botb in York
and in the township of tbe same name.
When the court assembled on April 30th
they had to consider a complaint made by
Andrew McGlashan, of the township of York,
tbat .. 'I homas ,Mercer, senior. of Y onge
street, had shut up the public highway
or road nn.r to bis d wellin!! house
caUed Y onge .treet. " T be magistrates
ordered Mercer to appes.r on the 9th of the
following month to show cause why he had
10 a ,ted. He duly appeared before the
bench, who appear to have shirked aqjudi-
eating in 'he matter, for they ordered the
complainants II to apply for redress to ,he
survevor of roads as the law dirp.cts."
A éase of assault and battery preferred by
one Philip CO&dy a
ainst James McNabb,
at; the sessions hulden on July 14th, is
worth referring to, as it was brought. to an
end t ventually in a manner never anticipated
by either prosecutor or detendant. When
the case was ca.lled on it was stated that the
defendant was then .. on actual service
wit.h the flll.nk companies at Niagara."
The hearing was accordingly adjourned
until a later date, but before that
date arrived Mr. McNabb hað fallen
in battle and passed away forever
from tbe cognizance of earthly courts and
ma
istrates.
It is strange that at the ses!:'ions which
a..embled on October 22nd. no notice what-
ever WA!! taken of the battle tbat ha.d jus,
been fought at Queenston, where the Pr
si-
dent and Commander-in-Chief. General Sir
Isaac Brock, had fallen with the words
.. push on the York volunteers" on his
lips ; such thouyh is the case.
.'\. guard for the district jail was ordered
at thig meetincz, but the coart decided to
defer to a future time the question of .. the
propriety of furnish'njt firewood and candles
for the said guard." But eventually it W&8

ecided th..
they might .e with propriety"
be furnished. no' only with fuel, but a
f!O
with light.
On January 12th, 1813, nn as!!ault case
was heard against three defen<!ants named
Hudson. One Simeon
lorton was evideDce
for the defence. and after the jury had
returned into court with a verdict of not
gUilty, he aDd one of the jury found them-
..lves in a very" tight place." The stOlY
ia both inter, stin
and amusing and if! thus
told in the minutes :-.. As aoon as the jury
had given in their verdict,
I r. Balàwin,
attorney for the prosecution, moveù í hat.

Samuel Jackson, one of the abOVA named
jury, be taken into custody on an affida\'Ì'
then made in court by John Bagen, crier of
aa.id court, for the following:reasons, to wit:
\V hen said jury were
Olug from the cour'
house to the room prepared for them to
retire to c')nsider on their verdict, one
Simeon Morton, defendant's witness, aJcost-
ed said juror, one Samuel .1ackl!on, in these
words, to wit-' Mind your eye,' to which
said Jackson replied, e Never fear.' "
Upon hearing this charge the court order-
ed that tbese two men should enter into
recog .izances themselves in ;C50 and two
sureties in ;i:25 each to appear and answer
for the alleged misdemeanor on Janua.ry
16th. which happened to be the folIo\\ ing
Saturday. "' hen that day arrived it is
solemnly chronicled that :-" The court ex-
amined the parties accused of.. contempt of
this court on tbe 12th instant, and hU'IlbiV
pleading ignorance of anything meant, they
were discharged trl.'m th('ir reco
nizance."
'\"hen the magistrates assembled on
January 25th, which they did pursuant
to adjournment, no ]ess a person
than Mr. Quetton St. George was hailed
before them ! 0 show cause why he had failed
to assume the duties of collector for the
town of York, to which office he had been
duly appointed. Mr. St. George's answer
was a very ingenious one, namely-that he
had received no official notification of the
fact that he had been 80 appointed, until he
was called upon to answer tbe char
e of
ne
]eding his duties. Such a. reply woulù
be crediliable even now to a certain illus-
trious sta:esman, whose replies to awkward
questions are as mystifying as they are
lengthy. \Jut in the case of Mr. St. George
the court went stra.ight to the po'nt, decid.
ing then and there that the excuse was
insufficient. and enquiring if he was willing
to do his duty. Hearing he was not. they
straightway fined him two pounds" for
such refusal, ' and then proceeded to "name
and appoint Stephen Jarvis, E.Jq,. as a fit-
ting person to serve as collector for the town
of York." The court then a:.ljourned ,
1!e
die.
A special session was held at the offi
es of
the (]erk of the l'eace on February 13tb,
before
1 essrs. Ridout, Allan }IcLean lld
Alexander \'V ood. this being the la.tter
gentleman's first appearance as a magistl'ate.
when the c; ",'rlTlan "laid bl:fore the court
the affidavit of George Taylor Denison
again!!t I...ewis Stiles, a pet.it constable of the
town of York, for refusing to obey the orders
of _ l
xander \ rood, Esq., one of the magis.
tra
s above named. in .. press warrant tu
press horses and sleighs to convey his

Jajesty's troops from this to the bead of

1004

LAND:\IA RKS OF TORONTO.

t
e la',e "and Fort Geor
e. when to him I may be here meutionfld t.hat on July 24th,
directed. 1813. a commumclI.tion was reCelY"IÌ from
" The said Lewis Stiles." the minutes go Secretary Edwa.rd MacMahon, addressed to
on to say, " having been sent for, appeared Mr. William Alla.n, as treasurer of the
and said tha.t he had formerly been Home District, directing that :-".-\ certa.in
imposed upon by Amasa Stubbins, sum of money received from Mennonites and
one of the pe'it constables of York, Tunkers amounting to ;1:7 JO 15 0 (
2,8!3)-
before this year, and .upposed is completely wi thou' the control of tbe
" that when said Stubbins handed him the magistra.tes." It was directed that this
presld warra.nt that he meant to impose the money. which had been paid as
duty on hIm as he had done before, but that fin(:. for exemptiona from mili.
he Was at all times "illing to do his duty as tary service by these sectarie.i
constable. ,. should "forthwith be pa.id into the ha.nds of
The COUI't havinR: maturely wII!ighed and the Actinl.'( Receiver-GeneraL" By a. later
considered Lewis Stiles' offence and detence minute it ia lea.rned that this direction W&8
came to the conclusion :-" That taking into duly fulfilled, as were similar sums r
ceived
consi leration this excuse a.nd his appearance from the same Rourct!Js at subsequent periods.
of penitence, direct that he be dismissed." On Sept.ember 18th, in this aame year. at
He Was dismissed accordingly, a spe
al session. the court ::ook into con,
The followin
extract trom the minutes sideration the "assiziog' and fixing" the prIce
relatinR: to the jail, its keeper and its oc. of bread in th., town of York. At tha.t time
cupant8. is R:iven just as it is recorded :-"It finE' wheaten flour was at two dolla.rs a
is ordered tnat \Villi3.m Knott, the gaoler, barrel. The cour' ma.de this order, namely,
be allowed for the laJt year ending the 10th "1'ha.t for fifteen daY3 from the d"te here-
April, 1813, the sum of sixty-two pounds ?f every loaf of fine wheaten bread, weigh.
ten !lhiliings proyincial currency for his IDle four pounds, shall be sold at one shilling
salary in consequence of his additional and eight pence. New York currenc;)'." Tha.t
tl"Ouble in ha\'illg so many prisonirs in hi. means that the price of a. four pound loaf
custody. but it is not to be a presi ien' for was &8 nearly a.s possible twenty a.nd a. half
t.he amount of salary in future." The word. cents. A very trying matter it must.
.. prisonirs" inatead of "prisoners" and have been for eyeryone. especially tbose
" pr
sident" i1J!ltead of "precedent II are so who had large families and sma.ll means,
written in the original. On the aame date a resoluti,)ß was un ani-
On April 27th the minutes coutain this mou.ly a.dopted by the court to this a.ffect,
brief a.nd painful notice: "N. B.-In conse- "that the Clerk of the Peace do write to
quence of the enemy havin(: po.aession of the president throu'th his secretary. for hi.
the town of York, the court could not meet h
)ßor's information. the decayed etate of
on the 27th April." No meetings were held the Don bridge, submittinQ' to his honor the
indeed until June, when on the 10th of that necessity of a new bridge over the said
month a special sessions was called for the river, to prevent accidents and delay in the
purpose of hearing complaints that were communication." After passing this resolu-
ma.de ac{aipst John Jordan for refusing to tion the coun adjourned sIDe die.
have soldiers bi1lethd upon him. anù also The court met aga.in on October 12th a.nd
against Nathaniel Ha.tings for purclu\sin!{ Sat de die in diem until the 19th iust., but
military stores, Th. former was fined SlO beyond the usual trivial ma.'ters there wa.
and the iatler $4
, or to be committed to 110 business before them of more than ordin-
the Home District jail for the space of two ary interest. They met again on January
months. Jordan pa.id the fine, but Hastings 11th, 1814, when !e.rera.l defen'
preferred to go to jail, and Wa.l accommo. dants appeared to answer k> the
dated according to his desire, charge of not lending their horses and
A petition wa.s preaented to the court at sleighs when impressed for Government
their meetin!{ on July 17th, from James
er\"ice
ome wt/re fined, a.nd others, hay.
Crawford, for remuneration for ferrying sol. Ing a
ood defence.. \\ ere acquitted, while
.tiers and prisoners across the Ri.-er Humber others were admomshed not to let such a
and askini for a.n allowance for the sM-me: thing occur again. At the meeting of the
The court were of opinion that the prayer sessions, held on M.rch 19th, a. letter was
of the petition could not be ICranted, it be- rea
from Lieut. Thoma.s Taylor, Fort
jog for the ferrying of
oldiers, prisoners of Major at York, the oontents ot which were
war, etc. This means in a.lllikelihood tha.t as follewB :
the court cOllsidered this was a char<Fe
riuher upon the Imperial tha.n upon the
loca.l exchequer.
In connection with the war of 1812, it

YORk, 9th March. 1816.
SIR.-A miJitary guard being pequired to do
duty at tM jail for the secnrity of prisoners
there confined. Colonel Stewart has directed
me to apDrize you of the inefficient state ot

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

1005

that p:ace. The outsi
e gate.as well as mo
" of I 'Ihese prices were ordered to be posted in
the mner door!1 belDg 'Ylthout fastenll;lKs a conspicuou8 place and the Clerk of the

i
e

e s:;

g t

:I&O
e;
btr

re
:; Puce was ordered t
at ollce send a copy of
it they !,cr!, provided with lock" and them to the Preãident's 8ecretary, which
keys. ThIs clrcumst
nce has been reported to was accordiDR]Y done,
r.he gl\oler for Borne tune. but. no measures hav- 0 " I 30 . h . .
in
been taken to repair them. the commanding n /lpn . )t at the 15lttmg3 of tbe court
officer considered it as incumbent on him to a rather serious matter was brou
ht before
direct the same to be mentioned to you. the magistrates, an information being la.id
I hAve.(
t

ed) THOMAS TAYLOR by Captain Daniel Washbourn,of the Iocor-
, Fort Major: porated Militia to this effect :-" That one
This letter caused a considerable amount Charles ""-ard, a privatd in His Ma.jesty's
of discussion, and the decision finally arrived 19th Rp.giment of LigM Dragoons had
at was this: "Tha.t as the jail was taki'n uded threats againat his life, and the
pOdsession of by the military, and is still in I sail} Ward being then a prisoner
their pOllsession, which excludes the ma
is- in court, Ordered that Cap:a.in 'Vashbourn
trates from any au 'horitv, or access to it at do prove the charge against the said Ward."
present-and unless a proportion of the jail, Witnesses were then brought forward to
is gh'en up to be at their disp08al, with froe I prove that\Vard had spoken to the following
access to it, they do not cCJnceive tha' they etfec', Duncan McCrimmo'l testifying tha.t :
have any ri
bt to expend any monies in I "The prisoner Charles \Vard, at the house
making the necessary rp.pairs." of \V Illiam Smith, innkeeper, last evening,
The proceedings of the sessions held on I used threats &
ainst Captain W IIshbourn to
April 25th, 1814, are of the gr
atest inttlrest. wit: 'tha.t if e\'er he was in action with the
No less tha.n six magistrates were present. enemy when he could get a chance to kill
All soon as the caurt was opened Colonel Cap tam \Vashbourn he would do it. for he
Stewart, commanding officer at this station, was a d-d rasca.l, and many other exprel.
(Y ork) a.ttended and produced a. letter to sions to the same effect and meanin
.'" Other
him from C. Foster, the military secretary, 1ntne8ses were called who testified t.o the
to the President, General Drummond, who Ia.me effect, the result beinÆ? that \Y ard
Wß.I! also commander-in-chief of his Majesty's was conyicted. It is a.mazing to ledrn that
forces in Cauada, dated Kil1
ston,Aprill3th, the only punishment inflicted upon
1814, and also a proclamation of the Presi- Charles \\ ard was that he waa bound over
dent's declaring martial law to be in force in merely nominal recognizaÐces to keep
throu hout the province of Upper Canada. the peace towa.rds all his Majesty's subjects,
as far as relates to the procurin
of provi- and especia.lly towards Capta.in \V aehbourn.
sions and torage for the same forces. And -(1 greater miscarriage of justice it is almost
whereas it is requested in said letter, Impossiblelto concelTe. Had Warei been tried
that prior to the putting of the said by court martial, as he ought properly to
lav. in force the ma
i8trates should affix a have been, his sentence would have been a
fair and equitable price to each article of very severe one.
produce, provi8ion &Dd forage, at which the At the Sessions which assembled on June
same should be BOld and delÏYered. The 14th Mr. William .Jarvis took his seat as a
CÐurt thereupon decided aI once to iS8ue a Magis'rat" for the first time. At those
list of prices for the articles named above, which met on July 12th Messrs. '" illiam
which was as follows :- Chewitt ami Samuel Ridout were iloil!o added
Article. Delivered. At Farm. to the bench.
;ß 8. d. ;ß s. d. There wa.s nothing of any moment from
Flour, per barrel. ,.. 3 10 0 3 0 0 thi8 date until the sessions which assem.
Whe&t, per busheL.. 10 0 10 0 bled on April 11th 1815, if we except the
Peas, per bushel. '" . 7 6 6 3 fact that one prisoner convicted of larceny
Barley, per bu&hel . . . 7 6 6 :4 was orderf:d to stand in the pillory for the
Rye, per bushel. , . . . . 7 6 6 3 .pace of one hour.
Oats, per bushel. .... 5 0 3 9 At the opening of the sessions in April,

ay, per tou. _ . . . , .. 5 0 0 3 15 0 the commission being opened and read, the
Straw, per ton. . _ . .. 3 0 0 following proclamation was reaò"-
Beasts on foot,per cwt 2 5 0 "Oyez. Oyez, Oyez. You, David liill,
Slaughtered, per lb.. 7i late of the township of York in the Home
Pork, salted, per bbl 7 10 0 District, laborer, by virtue of his .Majestv".
P,)rk, carcases. ...... 7
writ of exe,;!;eat i&8ued agamst you, you
r.

utton, per lb.... .. 9 demanded to come forth and appear to
Ve&l, per lb. . . . . . . . . 8 answer to a bill of indictment found against
Butt
r, per lb....... 1 3 you for High
Trea80n, otherwise a judg-
'Brea.u. 4 lb. loaf..,.. 1 6 ment of outlawry will he bad a"ainst you."

1006

LAK D
JARKS OF TORONTO.

Samuel Ja.cksotl was likewise procla.imed for
. similar offence."
On April 22nd the )'lagi-trates took into
col'sicleration the re
ulations for & market
in the town of York and unanimously agreed
to the following rulel:

1st-That a market house ha.ving
been erect
d, the same aha.ll b. the
place wher.. butchere.' m
a.t, butter,
eggs, poultry, fish aud vegetablel shall
be exposed for sale. ' 2nd - That; every
day in the week, excepting Sunday,
ahaM be market day, 3rd- That no person
.hall sell anv of the a.bove articl s on said
m&l'ket day
excepting in the mari;:et place
between the hours of 6 a.. m. and 4 p, m.
under a. per..\lty of fifteen shillinglll.
There were. great many other re
ula-
tions, and Benja.min Cozens was appointed
clerk of the market to see them duly carried
in to effect.
On July 22nd an 80ffidavit was mad. by
Thomas Hamilton, deputy collector of the
town of York, tba.t the following persoDs,
namely, Leonard Kellogv, Samuel Brush,
Hen ry Carswell and \ \' il iam Collins, all
citizens of the United States of }.merica had
offered for sale in the town of York, goods
a.nd wares, etc., as hawkera and peddlerl,
This waa /In otfence n
A.inst the law, and
summonses were issued against the four
persons named above. They duly appeared,
.ud KeIlo
C! practically pleading
uilty was
fined .:f25. and to remain in custodv (of the
sheriff until the tine was paid. Cars;"ell wlLa
also con,'icted and simllarlv fined. l
ruah
and Carswell were acquitted.
There was nothing of any importance at
any ot the ,'adous sessions held until that
which assembled on April 27th, 1816, when
Jonathan Cawthra appeared for the COUI.t
and informed t,he magistrates that he prll-
ft.rred pa.ying the fine to performin:! his
duties as town clerk of York, an office to
which he had been appointed. He waa ac-
cordingly fined two pounds currency and
corts, which fine was, the minutes record,
.. pJ.id to the treasurer in court; and costs to
derk. " Jordan Post, jr., was tl1en ap-
pointed town clerk in place of Jonathan
Cawthra, and duly notit1ell thereof.
The famous Home Di&trict Grammar
school and its affa.irs occupied much of the
time of thf'se sessions, a minute of thE' 27th
instant recordinu as follows :-
.. On consideration of the petition
of the l-: onol"lblc and ReTerend Doctor
John
trachan D. D., teacher of
the Dh.trict Public 8chooh ar.d the
documents accompa.nying, ordered that out
of the funds of the tiistrict unappropriated,
the sum of ;(200 be immediately placed at
the disposal of the tlonol"aLle an1 l:everend

Dr.Strachan for the pUlpose of aiding in the
building of the school house for the Home Dis-
trict in the lots appropriated for that pur-
pose by the Government,and tha.t the further
sum of !200 be J.ppropriated for the 8
me
purpose out of the funds to come into the
hrt.nda of the district treasurer for the uses of
the district in the year 1817. Also tha.t the
sum of sixty pounds be paid to the said
Honorable and Reverend Dr. John Strachan
as II. remuneration for monies advanced by
him for rent oÍ va.rioua rooms for the school
purposes, and that until a schoolhouse shall
be erected, the rent; of a school room be pa.id
out. of the district funds 80nd tha.t; the trell.8-
urer be hereby authorised to pay the above
sum
.
Ordered "tbat the chairman be IDstructed
to ILcquaint Dr. Stracham with the above
resolution. ..
At the sessions assembled on October 16th,
1816, a p: i!!Oncr convicted of petit larceny
was st:ntenced to one month's imprisonment
and at the expiration ot that period to be
whipped in public, receiving thirty nine
la8hes ("forty stripes save one") and then be
dischari:ed. A mong the new names added
to the commission of the pea.ce at tk is period
are tbose of Stephen Jarvis, George Playter,
Gral.t Powell and \Villiam Chewett.
In thp. nexc. year when the court met on
April 17th
he Grand Jury presented a hiil
of indictmeilt against Allan K apier
J cN abb
for sending a ch Illen
e to Robert Nicholl
to fight a duel. Mr, MC'Nabb was ordered
to enter into recognizances to answer the
oharge at the next court of Oyer and Termi-
ner.
These reminiscenses may fitly conclude
with the following amm,ing account of a.
charge preferred a
ainst one William
O!!trum at t,he sessions which met at York
on the 17th }lay, 1817.
"\\ïlli;.m Osteum, a citizen of the United
States, now of Pickering, W3.S brou
ht he-
fore the court Ly a warranl signed by Wil.
liam Allan, E!'q., for drawioi a picture with
the representation ot a lyon (sic) with a.
crown, ó.nd an eagle hovering over him, with
the crown in his beak, cbastizing (sic) the
lyon (sic) in derision of the Government of
this Provu:ce.
"Ordered thd William Ostrum for pub-
hshing a seditious libel be referred to the
CommisRioners under the Alien Act. Also
that John Majors,of the township of Picker-
ing, farmer, who it appears to the court
was present and proll pted the said
Ostrum to draw the picture above na.aleù,

h:tll enter into his recognizance forthwith
for his [food behavior, for twelve months
from the ,late hereof, himself in the sum of
ælOO and pledges in the sum of 1.10 ea.ch.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

1007

The nex t leUer in the series ia brief ...
businesl-hke. It is from Colonel Giviu..
and reads thul!! :-
"GARRI!;ON, Jan. 13th, 1802.
.. DEAR SIB,-Pleal!!e to Dlake out my
account wish you, as I wit'h to see h
w '" e
Itand. Y curs, J. GIVINS."
From the date ot Colonel Givina' letter in
1802 until April 7th, 1806, conn a period
of mor: than four years, during wbich time
Mr. Wood's correspondence "u very larle,
CHAPTER CCLXIV. but al!! all, or nearly all, of th
letters refer
to private family matters and poaaeåa but
THE WOOD CORRESPONDENOE: little leneralmter.st they are not quoted.
Mr. Wood aDd Ibf'J F.arlv Tork RelldenU- Mr 'Vood "al!! a great. friend of Dr.
Dr. 8'ra
ba.'. 8ayJDC" aad Qplnlon.-An Strachan, th. first Anglican Bishop of To-
.. omcer and a GenUemaD."-.l.D AeroaUe. ronto, who in 1806,..aa a schoolmalter and
Mr. Alexander \\' ood, to whom the fol- clergyman at Cornwall. He 10110 transactfld
lowing letters on busineal po1i..ics .md vari- a good deal of business tor him. Under date
ous other mattera "ere written, was a well- .. Cornwall, April 7th, 1806," Dr. Strachan
known citizen of York in the early years of thus writeø;-

he present century. His residence and I c'.My Dear Sir-I receivod botb your
place of businea, was on the north aide of favors per Melars, Cu:!t and Sberwood, I
Kin
street, nea.r Frederick street, not far have no letters from Scotland for lome time
from the firlt brick boube eTer built in and I selJom
et much news. My mother
Toronto-that building now occupied by the finds too much la.bor from ber advanced
e
\.ianada Compa.ny. in "ritilJ
loni letteu. One of yours from
Mr. \\ ood had a very large acquaintance M rR. .Paterson, in point of intelligence, con.
nnd "80S greatly reapected by men oi all \ainl!! more than a dozen of mine. to to ..
shades of political aDd religioul opinion. Mr. Wood had evidently asked Dr. Strach-
AIJ will be leen, the letters cover a long and an to aend him lome of hia sormona to read,
eventful period in tht! history of the upper for after referrin
w other Dlatterl th

doc-
province, Tbe fira' is in French, and waa tor thus proceed I :
written by Mr. Quetwn St. Georie on a .. In regard to the perul!!al of my sermonl,
purely businesa matter, Ihoul!h there is a the only objections I can have is that I
touch of humor in the lentence, .. Je Ie aeldom have nlO1"e than one copy, of which
prendrai avec plail!!ir vu que lei sauvagel!! the writing is very indifferent and
m'en demendant a tout moment." The letter full of corrections. I common Iv writa
ruol!! tbul :..:... my aermon on the Sa.turdAY ana" prea.ch
.c WICliDB.AM, 7, 8, 1801, It on Sunday a.nd a.s my idea. rush
rapidly forward mv ha.nd is unable to
write them quick enou
h, which Occa.Slons
my slipping out wordiS, and thil, added t.
my closenvsl!! of writinJ, would make it diffi-
oult for anyone to read them but myself "
.. I mlloY get two or three copies out, how-
ever, or if you promise me a
ood lIub-
scription, I ma.y publ.sh a volume. I write
a1,,'aY8 from my own reflections, and seHorn
have a.ny other book on the tablc but tbe
Bible, "hen compoaing them. I am not
afraid, thcrefore, of bein
called a plagia.rist,
and that I believe is the principal merit.
which my lermODS pOllsess, and it is a merit
of a '1ery doubtful kind, I laid down two
rules for myself when I bega.n to preach,
which I have rigidly observed: lfirst, never
to preach any Bermon but my own; aecond,
never to preach tbe same sermon to the
8ame coniregation a second time, during thll
first seven "eara at lell.8t. The first rule
ma.kes me think for myself, the second is &D
antidote to lazinesi. 1 h&Y8 now about hr.

and that the partiea do pay all cOlts, "hich
they done as followl: Reco
nizance8, John
Majora ;[100, Abram Loslee
50. CORd i-
tions ; tha:; John Majors be of good b.havier
lowads aIi his M&j
stY'1 liege lubjects for
cm
year from the date hereof."
The minutes af
r thil prehnt little
matter for comment. What is of
eneral in-
terest has been spoken of in previous articlea
in the Landmark..

II MONSIZUR,-
"Si vous avez encore àe cette flanelle
blanchc, je vous prie m'.n envoyer 24 ou 3!J
verges, ou Ii vous voulez m'envoyer Ie
rest-ant de la piece. Je Ie prclldrai avec
plaisir vu que les sauvages m'en demen-lant
a tout moment.
"Envoyez moi, aussi, 10 a 12 verges ratinnc
blanc, bleue ou brun, la couleur ni faira rien :
qui Ct: Boit de la meilleur marche que vous
aurez dan'i Ie cas, ou vous en auriez pas. J e
vous I!er.i infiniment oblige de m'en acheter
cett.e quantite chez un de nOI voisons "
C'Je ne compte p-'s alIer a York a.\"a.nt Ie 15
Novfòmbre, vu que je vail! parti pour aller
loiD ùans lea torres. J'ai, &c.,
II QUETTON ST GEORGL"
.. ALEXANDE. \V OOD, EsQ."
Mr. St. Ueorge in hia letter ordered at least

yard. of white flannel and ten or t"eh"e
yards ralteen. and told Mr, Wood he could
not be in York untH the November follow.
ing, hi; It:tter being written in August.

1008

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

hundred sermons in manuscript, all written Dr. Alexa!lder Burns, of the Queen's
bY' my own hand. I shall show you a dozen Rangers, was of another family, though he
or two of the beit, when you come to see me. is sometimes mistaken for David Burns"
"The bili you
ent me came safe, The The next letter in the s
rie. is also from
House have- done wonders this year, and Dr. Stra.chan. His remarks on himself and
evinced a .pirit of enterprise and improve- his political proclivitiefl are most interestinl{,
ment, from which we may au:!ur favora.bly especially read as they are now by the ligh'
iR their sub8eqllent deliberations. The bill of later events. 'I he letter is dated
'hey hav., pa..ed for purcha.ing thp article", "COR1'iWALL, June 13, 1806.
neceasary to illustrate a course of experi- ".My DEAR SIR,-Our friend.
1r. Auldjo.
mentliol philoaophy eertainly does them in- delivered me your favor in person. and I am
finite credit. aurl will be of 'treat advantage glad to timl that you have had no reWorn of
to the youth of the province. No kind of your enemy, the a
ue-, this sprinl' I mUlt
studies enlar
e the mind so much as investi- confess that I am under a Bort of engage-
ga.tions into the worka of nature. for the ment to pa.y you a vi.it. a.nd I should
fa.rther we advance, and the more accurate perform it with the
rea.te8t pI: asure
our deductions. the more we are convint::ed '" ere you anywhere but at York. which
of the perfection of that Being who crea.ted I of all places, I aID told. is at pre-
the whole. Bent the most disagreeable in the pro-
II I was going to continue my examination villc.:e. \Vere it possible fvr me to remain
of Thompllon's Ca.stle of Indolence. but I in your hospitable mansion without once
could not lay my hand upon the place in my stirring out. 1 believe I should endeavor t.
commonplace book. where I had ma.rked see you this fall, but as that cannot be done.
thc= stanza a.t which I had stopped. but I I a
afraid that I must put it off till a Gover-
Ihall resume it in my next. nor makes a peace between your partiell. You
I find an agricultural and commercial I will n:J.t urally 8ay that I have no conncxion
lociety instituted in your city, I do not with either; very true, but I should not be
comprehend their ohject very clearly by at York three days without giving offence,
th
ir resolutions, at!! they do not go suffici- But you will say, what need I care? Why
ently into detail. The advantages to be de- very little, but as T co to enjoy myself, it
rived from such societies, when conduct
d might tend to interrupt this enjoyment. The
with spirit and liberaìity, are great; every- lakt> is another barrier; I am always sick.
thing depends on the strength of th" Friends and aIlbo' I am not afraid ot èeath, I cannot
and a.ctivity of the members, I regret reli"h a fit of sea sickness, Whether I shall
Burns, but his death was to be expected. shut myself up at home, pursue some literary
He was a man, as far as I could judg
, of an scheme or travel through the country, I

xcellent heart. and most unquestionably of ha\'e not determi.1eù, nor have I tali:..n an
great medical knowleù
e bnd general infor- oath not to visit York, tho' I do not think that
mation. When he was here last autumn I I should rell.p the same satisfaction that I
never expected to see him again. He was would <10 were I visiting you alone. But to
then much reduced, so weak all not to be have done with this.
able to dress himself or to bow his body'. Dr. .McAulay wrote me that you were to
towards the ground. If you have Beattie's remit me fifty pounds iterling on his aCCouht,
poems and will send me the perusal of them but before I had notice of this. I had drawn
I shall enga.ge to send you two or three upon the doctor for t};irty pounds cur ency.
stanza B of the Minstrel Continued. 1 hope I will thank you therefore to scnd me 110 more
your party work celLSes as the 8pring ad- than the remaimler of the fifty pounùs
TanCes. I am, my dear sir, sterling, after deducting 1 birty poundl
" Always Y ours
incerely. currency. which you will remit to the doctor
"JoHN STRACHAN." himself, who may have been put to incon-
In the foregoing letter the Burns referred venience perhaps in payIng my bill, as he
to was Dr. David Burns, at one time a naval had made this arrangement. I send you
aur
eon, afterwards Clerk of the Crown for my Mlary bills and cert1fìcates to get signed.
U!)per Ca.nada, b
ing the first holder of that I will tnank you to get them done a.t the
otTIce. He was also one of the Masters in time, as I shall be in want of money soon,
Chan('ery. There was an obituary notice of for I have same pa.yments to make early
.Mr. Bnrn. in the Gazette and Oracle. pub- next month. I am always giving you a
li6hed on February 15th. 1806, from which great de!),l of trouLle without any remun.:r-
tbe following short extract ill given: ation.
.. He thougM and acted but for publio good; "We have he...rd of so many different Gov-
His reasoning pure,
is mind all ml\t1ly lig
t. ernors that it is impossible to lIay who shall
Made day ot tha.t WhICh elie appeared as mght; . th t - t t " ll ' k h' _
In him instru.ction aimed at this RTeat enn: come \\ 1 cer am y I ne. ma e IS ap
Our fates to soften and our lives amenJ.... pearance. I am e;lad to tll1nk, bowever.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

1009

that it is likely to be a civil governor. The furnished for the service of the Gover:)-
union of ,he civil and military departments ment.
il seldom benefic\al to any country-par- " I am, Sirl, Your Most Obdt. Servt.,
ticularly to a colony. In a new country " JOHN .MCGILL,
like this there are so many improvements '0 .. Agent for Purchaser.
be made and so many useful regulations to be "Alex. \V ood, Esq., York."
adopted,as:call for the whole attention of the The ned letter to Mr. \V ood i. of an en-
Governor. The disaàvant.ag. is that our tirel,. different nature, being from Dr.
Governors are commonly more anxious for Thorn, an army lurgeon then statiúned in
the improvement of their pUrø
s than of the Niagara, but who had formerly been in
Province, and thiB is the case in .11 colonie., York,
l.ecause certain fees are commonly annexed "FORT GEORGE, 5th. Octooer, 1806.
to their office and they are careful to exac' "DEAR W OOD,-I am E:'xtremely sorry to
them. The Bishop, h is Baid, returns, but find y(\U are like to have a. relapse of your
what he has done I have not learned. It ill former disease, From the symptoms you
reported that he has procured & lum of now descnbe and wha.t formerly took place
money to build II. palace. The death of Mr. during my attendance, I have no doubt in
Pitt would derange his measures, for the saying it is owing to a fullne.s of the \Tessels
new .M inistry, it is probable, would not be so of the brain and which will be removed by
propitious. He wished to place bis Cathe- blood letting and cathartics applied int-
dral at Quebec upon the sa.me footing with mediately. However, in order to prevent &
tho::!e of En
land, & measure which mIght recurrence oi the disease I would 3.dvise you
have given dignity to our establishment, and to have a. seton put into your neck and con-
would have consequently be.n of use. He tinued for some montÌls, upon he.lin
of
desired also, I believe, to procure some in- "hich it. will be necessary to get your head
crease tu our sala.ries, in which you may be shaYed and in future wear a wi
. This
B\1re we cordially wished him succeSB. I last to you who va.lue your hair will seem
find a chance of !!.mding this, and shall con- hard, but I hope you regard health, the
clude by tellIng you thd.t I still think myself greatest of blessings,more than:appearance.
your debtor for a letter on Thompson, which As it will be necessary for you to apply to
I will discharge in a few days. one of the medical men to put
Ie I arr, in practice the remedies I have
..
ly Dear Sir, mentioned to you. if their oDinion
.. Alway! Yours Sincerely, does not coincide wi
h mine, I shall be
Co t!OHN STRACHAN." happ
y to hear from them anlÍ \\111 explain
There is in the latter end of 1806 a v
ry to them more fully than I can to you, my
brief note to Mr, \Vood from J. Cameron, op nion of the seat of the disea2e. 1n ordel'
which (ells Its 0'" n ta.le:- to preve ,t a. relapse I would advise you to
.. YORK, ] 806, u!>e a:good dea.l of exercise, leave off reaèiu{!
.. DEAR SIR, -If you can communicate in bed and induce everything that obliges
any particuiars of the early life of the late you for any long perbd to have your head
:\lr. Elmsley I will thank you most pa.rticu- lie on your neck as in writing. Your stove-
larly, as in this week's Gazette I propose have it removed from so near y,mr desk. As
giving a short sketch of it. I know you can always pass your eveninr;-s
.. I am yours, etc.. in society ple!l.santly I should advise you to
.1 ,J. CAMERO
. I eulthTate it, and to enter into every amuse.
"A. Wood, Esq. me:lt yo
possibly can. .
" \Yednesday morning." I 'Elph
JlBtone
as got a com
any III .the
M W d t d . d 'Lr Cape regIment; ot course, we will lose hun.
.I: r, 00 ac e In many lüerent capa- I I f d d ,.
cities as is evidenced i.>y the f
llClwin' oak orwar t
pa:ss a reary, dUll w
u.ter
1 tt "_ g here. Everythmg seems to run contro
SIC.)
e er. "y l"tl J 1806 "Hemember me to :\lrs.Powell and farniiy,
ORK,
1 uIle, and wishing you a 8peedy recovery, believe
"SIR.-:-A
reeable to the desire of ,Mr. me to be, yours sincerely, N. 'fHOM.
Robert
\ChoI8, aB expressed in his letter of "A. WOOD, Esq."
the 3rd 100,t., I enclose you .Mr. RU8sell"s The next two letters relate to a contro.
aet of exchange of this date for eh:ht hun- versy Mr. \V ood had with Lieut, Bullock,
dred. and fort:r-tbree pounds, fifteen shillings, of the 41st Regiment, who some years later
sterlmg (eq
al to f:937 10s Od Halifu cur- I was Adjutaut General of )lilitia for Upper
rency),
hlCh L h.ave endorsed over to Canada :-OJ r. \\1 ood had written the gal-
Parker,

rrard, O
rlv.y & Co., for his ac- lant soldier on fo:eptember 17th, 1806, a"ld
c
.unt,_ wmch sum IS m pa.yment lo Mr. ju:!t four weeks later receh'ed the foilowinci
N leh018 for five hundlerl b..rrels of flQur I reply :_

1010

LANDMA RKS OF TORONTO.

.. CHIPPAWA, 13t.h October, 1806 are well known in these provinces, so th.. J
"80.-1 received yours of the 17th ult., drea.d no imputation froci the haaty formed
with my account for 'he house 1 rented in opinion of a stranger, but I think it my duty
York. Con.iderlDg the very great expense to you u well as myself to represent things
and troubL.: I waa at, and the improvements aa tbey really are. and eave you to judge
made by me on the premisea. 1 really did of them aa you tbink best;.
suppose that some abatement woulJ have ''On mT arnval from Lower Canada I w..
been made in tbe rent. However, 1 enclos
told that you had gone to Niagara and t I&t
you a set of bills on M
si)fs. Greenwood & Capt Ta)and waa in your house, tbia
Cox. London. for ;f;26 Is 4d aterling. Tbe though nut exactly agreeable to the strict
bal..nce, which is ;f;S 19s 3d nalifax. I will terms of a lease, Idid no' find iault with, nor
thank you to pay to Mr Quetton St George. did I &t &ny time uk Capt. T. by what
I have given him 110ft order OD you to tbat authority he accepted the premiR.a. nor did
effect. I will t.rouble you to
ive Mr, Sher- Capt. T. think it neceslary to mention to
riff Willcocks a receipt for me for the rent. me tbat he bad leh.
I have given him full power to dispose of the II Your son kept the key. of the hous'! till
crop I left in the 'tarden, or anything elae & da.T or two before he lp.ft York. when. if
left by me on the premises. he has repreaented the thing correctly, he
.. I cannot help rema.rking the &dvanta.ge will inform you tbat I did n<<Þt receiye the
you took of my &bsence. in makin
.0 very premises till he went with me in person. \Ve
an extraordinary charge against me, to my IDspect.ed the house and 1 believe he will do
Bon. for gla8s, keys. etc., etc. This is not me the justice to say tbat I did not count a
using me \\ ell, or doing justice betw
en man single pane of glass that it will not be neces-
&nd man; I asaure you I did not expect sary to replace with a new one, and that
Buch treatment from you I can with truth more than six or eight cracked ones were
&!lsert that during the time 1 lived in the o,-erlooked, With reRpect to the keys, you
house I expended upon it, and tbe premises, &re under a miøtake and which may be clear-
much more than the amount of Ihe rent. ed up by applyinll, to Mr, Stu'J.rt, from
besi .es my own fati..
u. and trouble, and I whom I received them in a bunch, and if
110m confident that no other person would you please to consult your memory it will
have made the frh-olous charlZes that you l'ecur to you that OD meeting you opposite
ha,ve, sOllie of ",hich are erroneous, pa.rlicu- to the Ba.ll &llev I returned 1\.ilh vou to
larly the keys to the pa.rlor door". none of town whp.re the"keTs were, and we -looked
which I received. As to the pane
of glass, at the house to
etber, The keys I then left
I should suppose you have char1{ed every' with you, and I believe e,-ery key belong-
OIle that bad the leasL crack in it. there ing to the houle except the outside door of
being only t\\"o wanting when I left the the cellar.
house. and there were severa.l crack
d when "\Vhenyou took possession of the property
I Ílrst went into it, which I have no doubt I expb,ined the situation in which it IS held
but you will recollect. and the impossibility of IT.aking any re-
" I am. Sir. Y our
ost Obedient Sen-ant, pa.irs or 1101101\ ing for anv improvements. I
" RICHARD BULLOCK. certainly devia.ted II. little 011 your represent
.. AI.EX. ,,- OOD. ESQ II ing t.he uncomfortable state of the rooms
Mr. Bullock, as will be seen by his letter, I from smoky chimney. and for my pains I
was quite willing to insult Mr, Wood and am to have the honor of paying for thti! ex-
ask him for a loan in the same breath. pense of altering them. This and other
Mr. \Y ood s reply to the foregoing any- pleasant thinus will certainly be lion mduce-
thing but r.ourteous communicatioIl was ment for me to accommoda
e strangers in
both dignified and business-like, and wa-s as future, particularly when the only advan
f('HowlS;- tilge 1 am to re!l.p i'J trou ,Ie aud insult,
" K IAl;ARA, 29th October, 1806 "Your bills I ROW return, not finding it
"Lieut. Bullock. 41st Regiment, convenient to furnish money for them. Pro-
..
ir,-I was not a little surprised on perus- bahly some of your friends on this sUe will
ing your strange epistle of the 13th current discount them,or you may find it convðnient
received by me at York on Sunday morning, to draw up a set for the exad amount of the
and which I shoul<l oove answered ere now rent, say eighteen pounda sterling.
had I not made up my mmd to cross the .. I expect to be here some da.ys.
lake. · I aU', Sir,
.. Your illiberal and uujust remarks I might Your Most Obt. Serva.nt,
pass over ill silence, sat.is5.ed in mv own "ALEXA:"DER \y OOD."
mind that you will ou mature de1ib
rat;ion Towards the close of the ytlar, in .KoTem.
find yourself mistaken or misinformeu. ber, Mr, \Vood received anøt:ll'r communi-
knowing iloIlo that my na.me and cbaracter cation from Dr. Strachan, ",hic" deal:i with

LAND
lARKS OF TOROXTO.

a good many different matters; among
others :Mr. \V ood 's health is referred to It
will b
observed that the Doctor of Divinity
and the Doctor of
]edidne previously
quoted a
ree as to the tn.atment l\Jr. \V ood
should receive.
Doctor Strachan's expre!lsion, .. cuts you
off from the converse of the dead," used ill
l'eierrin2 to 1\1 r. \V ood 's health, is both'
original, and Itriking from its orÍßinality.
The acrostic on
Jr. ,\" ood s n80me IS amus-
inl{, but that is about all tnat call be said
for it.
"CORNWALL,
ov. 26th, 1806.
.. M V Dear Friend,-
"i have been alarmed by accC\unts of your
bad health, but I hope you are better.
l.:apt. McDonnell t,ells me you had gone
o
X iaga. ra. It
ppears to me that a seton In
vour np.ck Imght effect a cure. Mr. Patf!r-
son -.\'ho was very had with a si'llilar com-
plaint, finds himself much recovered since
he had an is.ue I wish I w.
s near you to
entertain you in these long eveni,'gs, when
your health cuts you off trom the couverse
of the dead. '
., iVlr. Mitchell has sent me ()cattie's poems
as you dt:sirea him. I shall in the course of
the willter attempt a few stanzas iu continu-
ation, Þut 1 dt:spair of coming near the
oriainal. It wiil be their foil, or 1 ke Kebu-
d.i:dnozzar's image, clay feet t) a golden
head. The do
tor's son was a most amiable
youth, bnt the productions of his which the
fond father h
::! published by no means
equal the praise bestowed upon them. 1
saw thIs 'Life' soon after it was written by
the Doctor, allà 3.S far as I cau remember
the piec.s written by his son were more
numerOU3. A few copies only were struck
off for particular friends, Montague, the
second son, with whom I W80s in the h800it of
the scrictest intimacy for several years, had
a copy, of which I had the perusal.
"1 send you my bills aml certificates in case
another opportunity should 110t off_r Our
half-pay officers ha.ve been obliged to seud
a.n eXDreas to make so ne returns to the
Gove;nor. The euclosed letter to a :Mr.
Mitchell, who lives 80t Mr. Hamilton'lI, I
will thank you to forward as soon as possi-
ble. b contains a couple of let.
tel'S of recommelldation, which may
be of grea' u!le to him, as
helnt.ends
oing to JoI.maica, 1 hope they
will reach him bdore he se-ts off :
Ari8e. 0 little throb of life.
Laying preRsed with ru hless wue ;
Encoul'ag'ù m'
et the baìerul strife.
'Xult to ward the thl'eaten'd blow.
And sweet content shall damp thy foe;
N eyer can the daring mind
Desirin
reason's purest lii'ht,
Evils in life'li joul'l1ey ftnd
Reaiatlesa to its growin!: might.

1()1l

With ardl'nt hope it 80aril on high
0'.1' all the::le e'\-'Us to the sky:
O. may such hope to \hee be
iven.
lJiileased thO' thou be. Ihy thoui'ht8 shall
re!!t in Heaven.
"As 1 have 10m. facility in making lines, I
Itopped to make an acrostic on your name
for your entertainment, but it hindered me
ne80rly an hour, 80nd 1 ha.d only allowed
quarter of that, but the letters are perverse,
tha X plagued mo much, and then there is an
odd letter, Behold what difficulties I had
to surmount before I was able to ma\,e this
mIxture of Sf-nse and nonsense, but if they
pled.se you a moment I sha:l b. satisfied, I
wrote you by Mr. Chewett, who has been
some time Ìl
York; apropos I send you a
bill of his (1n
) r W yat, which I hope will
be paid when due If I find anybody here
wishing to send up money to York 1 may
draw upon you Í3r the amouut of my
s!l.lary: and Chewett's bill, taking care to
remember t.he income ta.x and two per cent.
discount besides, which I find from experi-
ence to be the price in Mon treal, but of
this 1 shall advertise you by the O.cember
mail. It is not
erta.in that any perilon can
be found indebted ill York. Th. man waits
8-n<Í I must conclude. I hope you are
better. I am, my dear friend,
"Yours Sincerely,
"J oH
STRACHAN. "
.Mr. \y ood received a further lett
r from
Or. Strachan early irr 1807, and it is the
only one ill th0 correspondence dated in that
year, though from internal evidence con-
taine I in subsequent Ie Hers i\ is evident
that the doctor wrote others, whicn have,
unhappily, not been preserved.
The fir::!t portions of this lett.r require no
comment; they explain themselveh. In tho
passages referring to Mr. Mitcheli the Mr.
H. mentioned wa.s :\11'. H8omilton, of Niagara.
Every reader ot C3.nadian history will know
who is :neant by .. this turbule
lt judge" in
the concluding sentences of Dr. Strachan's
letter, and everyone will agree with his con-
clusion that a judge should be " a peace.
maker, a composer of difficulties"
" COR8WA:..L, 29tb Janua y, 1807.
" My DEAR FRIEND,-I receIved your
exc
llellt lettel' of the 17th la!!t wIth a mIx-
ture of I egret that we are not nearer, for it
appears to me that our a
ntiments agree
almost upon everythin
; certainly upon all
the topica that w. have happcnecl to touch
upon. \. on will
òmit that your situation
IS in point of hociety much superior
to mine whell I tell you that.
there is nobody here th80t I can with
ny propr ety de ominat. my i iend.
t\either t"eir manner, nor acquir menta,
howe\'er good the. may be in other respects.
Cdn admit of it. Yet such is the atl"cngth

1012

LAND:\IARKS OF 'fORO!>tTO.

of my Bpirits th:lt I bear np against it, &nd but we perceive it more. \Ye change very
øeldom allow myself to think seriously about much in the Cl)urs
of a few year;;; it is iu-
it. When I feel my sl,irits
etting low I fly deed by ùegrees so very imperceptible th1 t
to study, and after an hour or two applica- we ùo not otten observe them, but the aiter-
tion I feel recO\'ered. ation is not the less certain You will nu-
"YI u will t
IX me with indolence when I serve th&t I say nothing of the havoc which
tell you that except spending do little thon
ht death has made among our friends, and how
(as yet to no purp Sf) I ha\'e done no:h ng to few of them remain in the places \vhere we
my int ndt d schem
I will not gÍ\'e it up, left them. Those considerations may afford
'hough I may be some time before I I egin us a kind of negl\tive consolation. because
to write, !l.S I wiah to have maturely weigh- they may discover to \1S tbat we should not
ed the materials. I haJ beeu seriously em incre!l.se our hapl iness by going home so
plt,yed on a prose busineø.', ,i which I shall much a.s we commonly think.
g, ve you an account hereaft r; and 1 have .. Dr.
lcAulay tells me that he has desired
begun to w rite a bagate Ie, the gent ril.l out- you to remit me twenty pounds. I hope his
line of which lahall draw in my next, in notice came in time to enable vou to sp.nd
order to ease my thoughts, before I com- the whc,le by the. post. His so'n John, with
· mence tne continl
a tion of tke "]jnstr.I. .\1 rs. Elmsley, arrived safe in En'{lanJ.
You øee 1 communicate my schemes to you They were, it seemø, in some dan"er.
as to a brother. The truth i8, that were it On the banks of Newfoundland
not for these pursuits I should two suspicious vessels appeared, but
get 10lv spirited and perhaps dis- a.ftel' hovering about them for Sl,me time
guste(l with my double läbor. 'J he they made off. \Vhen near the British
time, however, whic:1 I have 10 bestow coast a vessel came towards them, and they
upon those matterd is exceedingly circum. prepared for action. Poor
[rd, Elmsley was
scrit ed. 1 meet with a vast number of put into the hold, and all was ready, -when
interruptions from people connected with thp. supposed ecemy hoisted English colors.
my boys, and lately I ha.ve been much OCCIl-! "The fame of your election extends to this
pied \\Ïth the distresses of one or two fami- remote part of the province. It seems to
lies in this village, have equalled \Vestminster. if this tur-
"I am glad yon have sent my letter on to bulent judge proceed in the manner he has
Mr. Mitchell. I hope he recehoed it before been doing, the peace and harmony of the
he left
J r. H. His s
tu&tion was very dis- pr ,vince will . be destroyed. His condud

reeable there and he wanted energy, or astonishes me the more as his iituation
was afraid to resist b:ld treatment. It points him ûut a peace-maker, the com-
astonishes me that a man of so much sense poser of difficulties. I question much
as his would allow his children to be ruined whether a Briti:1h judge be eligible to sit in
through a ridiculous compassion; as for: he the House. To whom in case of legal diffi.
lady, 1 do not wonder_ Those who know not culties shall the Houses apply for advice if
the value of a thing C!i.nnot appreciate thClt' the juù
es become parties? You see we en-
misfortune in its lü.9s. The priüe of both these ter a little into your politics. In truth the
people is a legitimate subject of ridicule discontent which this man may very easily
and by attending le:ls to ceremony than they rr.ise will reuder the situation of every re-
deemed necessary, I lost some of my popu- spectable man in the province much less
larity at Queenstoc 1 must canfess, that aszreeable. I am, my dear friend,
with the sincerest desire to please, and to " Yours :Faithfully,
pay every deference and respect th&t i8, or "JoIlS STRACHAY.
appears to me, justly due, I am apt to be), "Alex. '" ood, Esq."'
little refl'a(;tory to assumer:!, anù feel dis- The letters from Dr. Strachan dated
posed to nettle them a little, when it can be January 11th and February 3rd, 1808,
done without trouble or rudeness. possess very great interest 8S giving sound
"I bE'gin to fear that 1 must remain here insight into the state of feeling which ex-
a.nd to give up all thoughts of
oing home, iste,ì ill Canada prior to the bredking out of
for, in t.he first place, I do not see that ever the war of 1812
I shaH be in a condition to go with a genteel "CORNWAJ..L, 11 January, 1808.
iud.pendency, and without this I will never "DEAR SIR,-ln my last, I troulled you
go, unless on l\ visit-besides, after an ab- witb business and you fimi me now inquir-
.ence of ten or twenty years, one finds his ing" hether it be done; so that you seldom see
friendi much altered; they haTe not the my pot hool;.s without some aùditi,mal call
..me warmth of affection. Their upon your good temper. \Vell,a good tem-
opmions and sentiments &fe strange- per is better than good nature, becanse
Jy different. N at that they are in the former commonly proceeàs frou
a
ood
nality more changed than wc are ourselves, juJi:I;ment and strong reason, the latter i;i

LAXDMARKSOFTORONTQ

1013

commonly constitutional. Your inoflcnsivo} I with your two a.gre('abl
letters. the last of
good sort of folks have no feeling; they are which,dated the l,')th camp very opportunely.
not angry when insulted bec3.use they do
jy scnding the Power of
-\ ttorney withouc
not know that tney have been insuìtell. execu
ing it was indeed very foolish, bu'
They are not agitated by a. disappointment, when will poet8 be wb.o? r now seud you
because they can hardly eievate thell' mmds another with all its appendages and one to
to a state of expectation. sign John Robin
on's indentures for me, if
"\'- e are plagued with rumours of war. To- vuu will take the trouble. I am sorry th3
day it's declared, to-morrow we have peace; young man appears shy. His situation is not
however. a short tIme mus:; determine us the most eligible on the whole,but it wa.s the
one \Vayor the other. .N othin
can be more bost r could ftet for him at t he time.
dE'spicable than the conduct of the American "The sound of war appears to blow over a
Government. They are quarrelling with the I little but as politics in prose are not 'Vorth
only free Government on eartb. although sending 1 will mount my Pegasus in the
they must be sure that were EU!;tland to fa.ll, manner of Peter Pinda.r.
they must become a province of Francs. ,
\"hat a monstrous coalition will democracy To :Mr. Jetf
rson.-
and despotism make, After this the most op- Oh. Great fhtlosopher,,
Rhy.mer prays
. h . b . 1 1 0 ' 1 ' 1 ' A moment s notIce of hIS ru
tlc lays.
p.oslte t mgs may e 1'e\:onCl e( . ur -
11. 'Ihy glorious acts afforll him matter
till. have behaved well everywhere; here For some harmonious ('hcerfullittle odeR
we have one hundred and two choice men, And. Patriot ze/l:l h:" t,f'en in
noddle goads
The whole I attalion offered their service3 '1'0 BIDg thy praises great and not to flatter
,. ' . . A sage so deep condemns thc butter'd style;
Uur neu
hbors will not find It so very easy 110 For stnrdy truth alonc r('gales thine car;
matter to conquer us as they suppos d. I te, Thy mind by sc:.e&ce I1ft.ed m:l
y a mi,e
lie\'e I sent you in a former letter some Looks
t poor mortnsl frol,Il a hu;þer
phere.
B . ç' . I That fellow Brydon perch d on .L:En.a stop
account of uonaparte s con.p.sslOn In t lree Laugh'd at the clouds and vapors far below
books, and the a.rguments of each book. '\"hich m!!ke Ihe poor Sicilians s:gh and mope
T " . And gÏ\"e them burning pains and dismal woe.
Bt:O
APARTE S SOLOUQUY BEFORE CO
FESSIO
If Bryl!on fClt his spu'its turn >10 gay
Devout Caprera surely must be right, 'Vt.at must JOU rlaily feel so Ileal' the sky'
Hi,; glowing words my throbbing soul affright ; Come down 8; g:!cioU8 Jefferson, I Bay
A.la!'! my num'roa'3 cI'imes begin to risiJ WIth morlals (Dlv spend a smgle da.y.
In hideous hues before my swimming eyes. They, dip to kr.. w the wonders you behold.
AI'rayed in splendid robes. thc !oil y erowd Above the vapo, tI t'lick that dim their sight.
Think mighty kin:;s possess the sovereign good, They, burruwing, Ih.e like moles deprived of
Hut little know they of the .'aging fires l:ght.
That tear my b:'easr and nourish fifl'Ce desires: In pity come. slate mysteries unfold.
A.nd what; proceeds from all my cruel wars1 'Ti'! tl'l}Ø Ihey sellr some delegate
to 3ee
A place which solid happiness debaril. '\Vhat things were doing in the uuper sky;
Can growing power I eward the call1'erous care But when they bended al. YC1IIr '\Vorship's knee
That turns the troubl'd mind to blank despair The lustre dazzled almost every ere.
On racks I lif', all hopes of pltJasur
gi \ e, A few are pIa 'ed behind a. darkened screen
The beams of joy a'f'oid a monareh's throne; Because rheir nose", faith, are rather keen
Xo bosom friend attende. no
ocial joys- And should they smell and see at onoo.
Revenge or anxious tear n,y time employs. The state of affairs could ne'er
(j Wl
JI.
Why Hand I doubting 1 Yes, I must confess This preéÍous truth I thprcfore will advance
To Pius' tender care my dismal case; That Congressmen should neither see nOI"
The Father's gentle remedies may cure smell :
The parching flames my spirit can't endure. For, readp.r, if they have too sharp an eye
"r believe 1 shall chancre the measur.' and Some spot Of blemish thesc hang dogs might
write the whole over a g ai':..
py. . , .
" y "' I D " E WhICh Kmgs and Presidents would fam con-
ours, .i.
y car ::511', vel', ccal ;
" JOH::i STRACHA
" Or if a pointer's nose they should possess
An allusion is made to Kapoleon's havincr It, might th: fumes?f \"Ïle corruplion trape--
I d h P . h I . ., A smell WhICh Patnots I:ever wIsh to feel.

,onsu te t e ope m t e mes- O. Jefferson. thou art the peoplc's man;
--:---;-- I mu"t confe
s " Thy fame I chant as well's I can
To PlUS tendcr care my dismal.case. '1'0 thee our prudent \Va
hir;gton mllst yield,
Succeedmg Dr. Stra.cha ,'s epistle of Jan. And fi('k!e Adams, hamed, quit thc field.
11 th' Lh f th . These epIthets thy modcsty allows
IS ano er rom e ;tame WrIter In publIc, b1.lt among sClened friend'!,
dated February 3rd. 'The Circumstances Wbere converse with a sweeter frepdom flow.,
lI.11uded to ill the ode to Je, ffersoll which is Our Adam's fame some prating fav',ite sends:
contained therein a.re now very ancient his ':ith. shrug
and nods another þumolr Ihink>>
tory, but it is none the less interesting to \\ ashington Ii glory has some dIrty chmks.
read how these matters were viewed bv one
who .ike Strachan was a keen obser;er of
men and things ifl general.
.. COR
WALL, 3 Feb. 1808.
"
fy DEAR FRIE::iD:-I have been fa\'ored

.. Behûld my prologue to Ode upon Ode or a
Peep at Washington Palace. You will be
ready to sa.y when you arrive at the end of
it, · !'his is payiog mc for mv trouble with a.n
old song.' \, ell. I send you the deed you

1014

LAXD
IARKS of TORl)NTO.

mentioned in your last. Mr. Torrand charges at present, but the chan
e of affairs on the
only ten shillings, which I bave paid him. continent will open aga.in the usual sources
"Yours,My Dear Friend,Always, of commercialmtercoulse. There has never
" JOHY STRACHAN." been any time 50 auspicioUII as the present
.. ALEX. WOOD, ESQ." for crushin[! the power (\f the Corsican;
" My certificates arrived sa.fe, and I wrote tbe Spa.niards are a brave peop1e, and ap'
Dr. McAulay sa.ying that I was something pear unanim 'us in the contest. The con-
In his debt." duct of the French Government in this last
The following letter aillo from Dr. Strachan transaction hall been so very infamous that
Is of later date and ma.y be given without none can be d ceived in future One eUect
romment : of it 1 am glad to see; those newspaper-i III
II CORNWALL, 16th June, 1808. England which were alwaY6 preaching up
"My Dea.r Sir,-I have been looking for peace are now breathing nothing but war.
letters from you for some time, but in vain, " We have had no ca.ses of muc
l import
I now enclose you some papers-the first is ance here f'xcept tha.t regarding the cutting
my school certificate, and for that sum I of masts, in which the material points are
have drawn upon you in favor of Capt. Mc- reserved for description above One thief
Lellon, who wa.nts '0 send money to we had who chose to ma.ke too free with his
Yor
. I have also sent you my Sterling neighbors' butter. He was banished the
bill If you do not use It you can burn the province.
bill and send back the certificates. There is .. 1 have beln to Montreal. Poo' Mr.
now ten pounds due you on account of John Auldjo is much,changed in appearance since
RoLillson. I wish you to add two or three I saw him last wmter. They are just pre,
pounds, as you conceive neccsl:!ary, to get him paring to put up Nelson.s monument; they
'ii. summer dress, which he says the reaidue of found much difficulty in getting a place for
'
l1Y ficst a.llowance of ten pounds is not suf- it. General Craip declined giving them the
ticient to procure It seems aillo that. it is place they reluested of him. At length
usual for clerks when beginning the Etud: they determined to place it at the head of
of their profession to pay i:5 into the Law the new m,
rket place. A great number of
Society, 'Ihis I wish also to be paid, as I Aberdeen ships have come to Quebec this
would not wish him to be behind his com. yea.r for timber, but our fir
peers. Anú if YOIl keep my S'erling bill, I I iR so much inferior to that which
shall desire you to pay i:9 or i:1O to the Re. they get from Norwa.y and Russia that
ceiver General or Inspector-Genera.l on ac- they will not return if the Baltic is opened.
count of Cap
. Anderson, the collector here, I hear nothing of the Aberdeen view" Did
but of thL last 1 shall IIpeak a.gain after you loo
for them this yea.r! Mra. Stra.C
lan
hearing from you. The money you will have joins me in best respects. I a.m, my dcar
paid out on account of J, Robinson will be sir,
about ;1:17 or i:18, which will be about the
sum vou would have to send me on account
of D;. McAula.y at the vacation which ap-
proaches. I was going to send you a couple
of acrostic on Buonaparte, buv they shall till
my next, when I I!Ihall have less, I hope, to
say about money matters. Mrs, Strachan
joinll me in I est respects.
"I am, My Dear Sir,
"Yours Sincerely,
., JOHl'i STRACHAN."
Just thrp.e months elapse and again dO
1i
Dr Strachan favor his corresponJent with a
letter, wherein a great deal of information
i. given in very few \fiords. It is unfortu-
nate that the examina.tion papers mentlOned
in the worthy divine's P. S. cannot be
found.

.. Y oun .\lost Cordia.Hy,
.. JOHN STRACHAN.
.. I enclose a few pieces written for the
exa.mination, which may afford you son1.:
moments' enlp.rtainment."
II ALEX. WOOD, Esq ..
'fhe next of Dr. Strachan's comruuni-
cations to Mr. \Y ood is of considerable
It'ngth, and, per hap., the most interesting in
the collection. Mention is made in it for the
firat time of the doctor's increaaing family.
.. CORNWALL, 26th Sept, 1808.
II My DEAB SIB,-Your obli
ing favor,
enclosing the draft for the road money,
arrived safe, and 1 hope it will be put to a
g(,od use. Public affairs bei{in to wear a
more favorable aspect than they have done
SlDce the commencement of the revolutionary
"CORNWALL,
ept, 13.1808. war, and I think there is a fair prospect of a
" My DEAR SIR,-Mr. Ca.meron delivered I successful itl/lue.
your letter and the money frotl1 Mr.Chewett, " { have been looking for my apparatu::l
for \\ bich I am much oblIged to you, indeed I a3 a siguai for the bt:ginning of a severe
I am always giving you trouble. 1 just have course of I!Itudy, but I am under somt'
pp
b-
a letter from Aberdeen dated in the end of hens ions now, ,it is so late, whether 1t ,,:111
May. Trade appea.n to be yery dull there be sent out tins year I have freQucntly m-

LAXD
lARKS OF TOROXTO.

1015

tended, but ha\'e never seriously tried,to make a letter on politics I I did not go to .ee the
a few stanzas like the
linstrel. I haTe not, Bishop. I had Borne little rniotters which
however, given up the plan, and perhaps I drew loe as far as Montreal, but I had no
ma.y surprise you with a sheet of tbem !!ome business worth extendin
my journey

time soon. I have been reading some of the Quebec. His Lordship has obtained
political pamphlets written during the last somE' additlOns to the salaries of some of my
year, and notwithstanding the great char- brethren, which I think are judicious as
acter Borne of them haù attained I was verv they produce a sort of gradation.
I r. G.
much disappointed. J 'arinl{'s pamphlet.s
S. h s an "dditional hundred. Dr,)'l oun-
much celebrated by Lord Grenville, after a tain, wheu I was in .\lontreal, wanted to
careful reading, did not appea.r to me de. condole with me, because I had got nothin
,
serving of so great a character; it aSlumed but I stopped him by saying that I was
a que
ti()n which I could not have 2ranted, very well off already. and perhaps better
and which experience has since proved to be than any of my brethren, whilfl God grante.l
false, and upon this almost all his reasoning me r.ood health. Mrs, Strachan joms me In
ÍiI founded. He asserts that the Berlin de- affectionate regards, and 1 remain as enr,
cree was only a municipal regulation, and .. )ly Dear Friend,
th refore ought not to have been of posed by " Yours Sincerely,
the Orders in Council because th':!y operate. .. JOHN STRA.CHAN.
against np.utr
ls. No,," it always appeared U I was favored with yours of the 10th
to me that the Berlin decree was general, cont
in ng my account, and I am glad to
not municipal, and it bas since appea.red to find the balance on mv side-it is not often
be so, for e,.cn the A merÍcans a.re not pro- the case in my dealin
. with your brethren.
tected from its operations. It is evi. This letter is lon
enoup;h
lreadv. I see
dent, thereÍùr", that as much of Baring's tha t I mast mention my boy, \I ho is a very
rea.sonin
/I,
ainst the Orders m Coun- good fellow and more ùisp08ed to lau14h
cil II.S is founded upon the supposition of t.he than to cry. I seldom thin, of mentioning
.Berlin decree bein
only an interna.l regula- him in my letters, though I make a good
tion ialls to the gl.uund because this a!!sump- nurse."
tion is fals
. I do not think hi. reasoning The next letter in the !!E-ries presents
more conclusive as it respects ourneighbours, Doctor StracÞan in an entirely different
whom he says we have trea.ted always \dth light. He therein dis\:ourses most learnedly
a specie
of enmity, bec use he has not. made upon roads and road-makin
.
out his CAse, Thel e arE', however, some "CORNW ALL, 13th Oct" 1808
detached parts of the pamphlet well done, "My DEAR SIR,--I was favored with your
Ilnd were we to re'l.d them separa.tely we agreeable letter of the 3rd. and emtrace this
should form a hi
her opinion of tile writer. opportunity to say that your draftB for
But. conl!iderell él.S a whole, as a performa.nce the 200 road money came regularly to hand,
of powerful and logical rf!asoning, it appears were immediately turned into cash, and are
to me exceedingly deficient and only éal- now going into operation. \Ve are en-
culated to di!';pirit those who are not able to dea.vorin
to make I\. land communication
detect its sophistry. This pamphlet is 50 between this and the lower province. Un-
very much celebra.ted that you will excuse luckily tht:re are two road!! which rival each
my seizing hoM of it t.o help to fill a Illltter. other, and in some degree dIvide the <lis-
There is another pamphlet entitled trim,. One of these passes through the baci;:
Britain without Con,merce. Yo hich '-so I settlement leaving the river ø. little way,
excited great attention, &.nd which I read a.bout seven miles, above Cornw!l.lI, and not
with much pleasure, but not with convic- I meeting it aga.in till you rea.ch .\;cIntyre'8.
tion. The reasoning is too abstruse for In this di!!tance it is frequently 14 miles from
cornman re"derø. He has recourse to the . the water commul1ica.t,ion. It occurred to me
principles of the economist, and certainly on being appointed a commissic.ner, that
shows much in
enuhy in their application; tH wever !,ood and necessary this road might
but by carryin
his principlc& t?O far he be for the ; eLtlemel1ts throu
h wh ch it
renders th..t position which he mi,ght have passed, it c nl(l not be so gen ra.lly u efnl as
proved suspicious. He endE'avorø to sl.vlr' 1\ roo. I along the fron.. To rebut this, how-
tba.t ali the forei,gn commerce of Brih.in is ever, it was saiJ that no road could lIe made
of no real advantage to her. Had he Rssorted along the front, the Lotto
waB so b: d. In
that, Great Bntain could maintain her inde- order to ascer ain th,' fact I "as at the pains
pendence although all her foreign commerce to explore: b"th lines of roa.d. I rode 11.10 ;.{
were a.nnihilated, I think he might have the front from Cornwall to McGee'fI, an.i
succeeded in his proof; but when he adds found the bottom good, beinlit for the mo!';t
that this commerce produces no acceuion part a. mh ture ..t clay and sand, which can
of 8tren
th he is without bottom. Behold ea,ily be transformed int() a good road. I

1016

LANDi\lARKS OF 1'ORO
TO.

then crossed to the other line of rond, 14
miles back, and returned by it. There I
found the road rather drier than the front,
because it had be.en better opened, but in
their anxiety to ha.ve it dry they have ta.ken
it along stony ridg 8 a.U thf' way, and it ap-
pears to lIIe much more difficult to clea.r
away these stones than to ditch and turn-
pike the front, You see I am entertainin

you with roads. -
.. I am much pleased with the character
you live of )11' Russell-it is generous --and
no d.ubt desen-ed. I must confess having
been in some degree prepossess
d a..!ainst
him, On account of his seizing' upon so many
officers during the time ot his presidency,
" 1 believe I mentioned in my la;;t, that
upon reading over your account in whic}1 I
find a small balance in mT fa.vor 1 thoutht
you ha.d committed a mistake against yo
r-
!Self, a.nd tha.t I was ten pounds in your
debt, but I a.t lengt,h perceived N. Y. at
on('l sum and Hal. at the other. I am just
lIitting down to write my letters for Scot-
land. My son is ... fine child, get.s fat and
continu
s good natured. His mother joins
me in kind regards, 1 am,
II My Dear Frif'nd,
"Yours Sincerely,
0, JOHN STRACHAY.
"P.S.-:\Ir3. Valentine requests me to beg
that you will have the good.\es
t I write in
any of your letters to me the state of the
late 1\11'. Gray's affairs and Low the.- pro-
ceed in settling the claims As she is in-
terested a detail of matter.. would give her
satisfaction. J. S,"
The Mr. Grav mentioned in the P. S. was
Solicitor-Gener
l for the pro,-ince, He had
been lost with many others in the schooner

peedy, which on K ovember 4th, 1804,sank
during a great storm 011 Lake Ontario with
all on board.
There is only one more Jettcr in the col-
lection of Mr. \Y ood's corre
pondence, from
which the toregolUg have been taken. and
that deals more with matters of pr;vate than
of general interest. Shortly after it was
wrÎGte,. Dr.
trachan removed to York,
where, for nearly sixty years longer, he was
a lea.ding spirit
,0 CORXWALL, Dec, 6, 1808
0' :\ly DEAR SIR,-I had resolved before
Òis time to have entertained VOl) with a
part (f my continuation of Beatti
s
Iinstrel,
but I now write, and that work is not begun.
Of all my projects this ha.s met with the
grea.tE'st number of delays Ilnd I have no
prospect of cOffilr.encing it soon, \Yhen I
was last in MOlltreaÏ the printer cOMulted
me about printing a book on arithmetic, and
requesting me to point out which 1 thought
the best. As I ha. I dra.wn up a system of

my own, ] told him I could no
aJopt any
that he could print 111 my school, but tha.t if
he wished for one better adapted for the
business of this country, I would send him
mine to print, and I should ta.ke a consider-
able number of copies, without demanding
anything for the copyright. He gladly ac-
cepteJ this proposal, and on my r
lurn
home I bega.n to prepare my manuscript,t
but I lost part of it by a foolish accident,
and the remainder did not please me, so
th8.t I have been for three weeks employed
in arranging and compo;;ing a new work.
1'he rules and definitions would not take m

long', but the great number of examples with
their calculations (tables of dIfferent kinds
are more tedious than I had ima.gined) or
my indûlence might haTe pre'.-ail{'d upon me
to havtJ declined
he undertaking, 1 need
hardly mention that the time I can spa.re is
verY' limited. I shall certainly make an at-
tempt to continue the Minstrel when thi8
work IS put to preòls, which I think \\ ill
take place about the beginning of Fe' 'ruary.
"I shall send you the plan of my
Arithmetic in my next. [a.m yet pondering
upon some part of it, and 1 sha.ll tra.ns-
lldt a copy the moment I receive any from
the printer.
.. I have written all this to exculpate me
froon the accusation of indol.mce, which L
seldom de
erve and which 1 am not ambi-
tious to attain, but \\ hich my frequ.::nt
pr?mises to begm the Minstrel justly expose
me to without this apology.
"I send you a parcel of pa.pers as usual for
which you will get the needful done_ I have
also Bent a set of bills drawn in your favor,
which, iÌ you do not want, you can burn. I
ha.ve drawn also in your favor upon Mr.
Chewett for ;(200, cf which I adTlse him. I
h8.ve not received many It:tlers from A ber-
deen thiil year,and haTe been disappointed of
some books that 1 looked for from that
quarter, but disappointrr:ent will happen.
"It would seem that the embargo of our
neighbours, which has proved so beneficial
to this province, wilì be continued. This
nation (American) is cutting a most desplCa"
ble figure, and if the
paniard - succeed they
will find their situation exceedingly dis-
agreeable; the good senile ot the people,
however, is lJeKinning to rally, and may per-
haps, soon force their rulers to give up their
prejudices and their obstinacy. My little
lion grows, and is very good humored. Mrs.
Strachan thinks him a para
on, and I think
him welï enough. 5he joins me in kind re-

ards. I am
..
ly Dear Sir,
" Yours ,Most Sincerely,
.. J OH
STRACHAl'I'..'
In the firlõt portion of the letters adlressed

LA:KD2\IARKS OF TOROXTO.

1017

to Mr. \Voorl were communicatiolJs from my liberty 'n addres
in
yon these lines. 1
lI,en chiefly ill the higher r:\nks uf lifc in the td.ke upon me to return you thanks for the
early colonia.l d,IYs_ But is i8 evident from kind auswer of my letter, that I received at
the two foilowing epistlcs addres:sed to
Ir, your store yesterday, your goodness towlI.rds
Wood and indited by .." crank" named me I shall never forget, you wish to be in-
Solomon Heys, who Uppðar!! to ha\'e been formed where T am at board. Il.ave been
no one's enemy e
cept his own, the genus boarding in
Ir, JAcob Corners since the day
has bv no mea.ns become extinct even in this 1 WâS relea!!led from prison the first day of
fin de- siecle period. The first letter. bea.ring this present month, & I assm'e y<>n Sir 1 can
dat.e 3rd June, A. D. 1808, ruus as follows: produce a Certificate from him as well as the
,. TOMBE OF THE Llvnw, whole ueighborhood of my bf'haviour, such
" 4th day of Iuterment, as sobriety and lntiustry, iiince I have been
" York Prison. alr.ongst them I h ve not enn tasted
"SIR,-Hopin
you'l (sic) excuse my
reat spirituous liquors, alltho there
libertJ -in addressing you thes8 few Hues, is a tavern rlgi'lt at band, 1
but as an unfortunate pris.Jner wishing to pledge mys If sir, to )'OU that I mean to be
inform you & my being persuaded of your steady in my lIituation I have a tract of
humal1e disposition & YOLI well know the land allowed me with my school House
aHo>\ ancfI of a person in my situation. I which 1 shall have Cultivated to th
best
wrote to }lrs, Marian to obtain some cover- advantage the ensuini 8pt'iug. I commence
ing & !!Orne otber things. She in con5equence my school on Monday next as the Chimney
got some things ready to !!lend me & a mali- is but just finished. I have no other wa.y
CIOUS person by the name of Henry Hale I Sir to repay the bcnevolent favours that
called upon her & told her a fallshood (sic) ,,'ere bestowed on me when in.rrÍ50n from a
that I tõld him thd I lost $40 troo (sic) "en tlemau of Distinctiou of YOlk, but by
intoxication, of the money that was :.tolen teaching a few poor children at my school.
011 a bed at her house. I'll pledge my exist- I have taken too this year & wiil take every
enr.e that I ne\'er spok& to him in my life or yea.r more or less as the emoluments ûf my
even know him if he was shewn to me. Ii, Income will permit. I am sorry :Sir to in-
sir, as a. :\lagistrate, you can put a stop to fJrm you that there is a number of Demo-
such malicious proceedings will render ser- crats ha.s r been wishing to Injure me in this
vice to an unfortunate prisoner. I wish to neighbourhood. Doctor Stoyles haa been
han two witnessel brought to triai in my tell ng the people here not to employ m.
behalf, the one resides at Barret.t'B TMern, but they Dont mind him. I was in town
his name is Eaton, he is a joiner by trade, yesterday to aee him upon that head, it is
the other resi.les here,his name is BatchelIor, mcrely Sir because I once !!Ipoke in his
he wa.s listening to the discourse whee House aga.inst J ud.!E' Thorpe if I hear any
Bouker was wanting a. certain sum of me to more of his insinuations I .shall &c-
lett (sic) me go. Wishing you'l render me quaint _ the Attorney GeneraL You may
all the services in your power with due rely upon it :--ï...' you will allways hear that
esteem I ha\'e the my behavour \\'111 be worthy your attention
.. Honor of remain your obedn, as well as a D'.ltifull subject remain your
.. Humble servant obed servL "S. HEYS.
.. S. HEYs. "A. \" 1I0d
, Esq,"
About all that can be said of this precious
production is that it is to be hopeà .Mr.
Heys' subsequent behavior was better th&n
his grd.mmar.
Once more does
olomon Heys figure &a
one of Mr. \Y ood's correspondents, and hï.
letter dated April 10th, 1810, wiil well re-
pay perusa.l.
lr. Heys appears to have
had a great obJection to "Democra.t!!l." It.
will be news to the representatives now re-
8idin
ill and near - Toronto of MesBrs.
Humbeutone and Sheppard to learu tha.t
their gracdfathers wert' such notorious
characters. Hov.e,-er, \\'e ha.ve it on
the aut horily of Solomon Heys
that l!Iuch was the case, and as
"he wa.s beloved in his nei,ghborhood"
it must, perforce, be believed. A las, another
idol shattered, thc clmracters or Thom...

" Alexander \Y ood, Esq."
Matters s
em to hav

on. hardly with

Ir. Hevs, for we hear no more of him until
November 30th, 1809, a year and five
mouths la.ter, he having, according to his
own statement, been ill jail,
It is to be hoped that Mr, Heys' strong
point a.s a schoolmaster was not either Eng-
lish glammar or I:jpelhn!!. The sentence, "I
have taken too, this veal' and will take
every yedr more or lel!ls 80'3 the emoluments of
my Income Yt'ill permit," is about a!' delicious
a specimen of En
li!!lh ,. as I!Ihe il!l spo\ì:e .. that
can be well imagined.
The letter is given vel"batim et litera.tim
and if it ùoes not particularly iutel'est it may
possibly, if not probably, amuse a. good
ma.ny.
.. SIR.' -H oping you'luot be offendcù with

JOlS

LANDMA RKS OF TORONTO.

Humberatoue and Sheppard J;toue. all other order on him iu your favour will be paid
testimony to the contrary, notwithstand. and tha.t this mode of adjusting the account
ing. b
tween ns may be perfectly satisfa.cto y.
'" YONGE STREET, Aprillst, 1810. "And believe me, dear sir,
"SIR,-Hoping these few lines will find you "l' our3 truly,
t'njoyÏI.g good health. at the same time "S. SMITH,"
wishing to Inform you tha.t 1 have Com- There are some letters in this correspond-
menced a new quarter. L had a great ence written by varIOus partieR to Mr. \V ood
Scuffle with a few Democrats down the re!lpecting the disastrous emigration
street, .\1es!!!rs Hu moerson, Shepperd & scheme of the Earl of Selkirk. The first is
Co., troo the Means of Tom Stoyles, Inn- from
1r. Alexa.ndet' McDonell, who wa.s
keeper of York, they wanted to vote me the firat sheriff of the home di!ltrict. He
out, but I gain,1 the Day. 180m btJoved in also represented the constituency of Glen-
my neighborhood. I shall plant 2 a:::res in garry in the P ro\'incial Parliament and was
potatoes this spring. 1 am agoinp; wit.h my elected to the Bpeaker's chair. At a subse-
Ea.rnings to Erect a Small HOUSð to keep quellt period he was called to the Upper.
School in 18 bv 18, a. frame buildin
Cost House,
about Sixty Dollars & when Circumstances The Earl cf Selk=rk wished him to
r rmit.s I will keep a Circulating Ii rary. undertake the office of superintendent
am very much attached to this neighbor- of the settlemeilt of Kildonan on the Rell
hood. jf, Sit., you should have any Ohl River. This offer be declined but afterwards
British or Caledonia.n
Iaga.zines, Geo. accepted thE' superintendence of the I
aldoon
gra.phys or newsp:lpers, I s30uld tha.nk you settlers on Lake St, Cla.ir. He dieJ in 1842.
for !lome. \V.ith E8teem remain, AI the date of writing this letter' :\11'.
"Your Obed Servcl.nt,
lc DoneU wa.!!! in Englalti. It rea(1.8 tn us :
"
OLü:\IO
BEYS. .. LO
Dml, 28th Nov., l!sll.
"Alexander \Yood, Esq." "My DEAR SIR,-Until I see Lord Selkirk,

Jessrs. Humberson in above letter should it is out of my power to fix the period of my
read MessrI!I. Humber8tol:e. return. I ha.ve latt>ly received 0. letter from
A brief business communication comes I him, in an!!!wer to one announcing my ani-
next from Colonel Short of H. M. Imperia.l val, informing me that he would soon be
forces, who had been suddenly ordered from here. I thin" the packet and pla::l \\ hleh
York to Niaga.ra. you mention have come to hand, tough I
" NIAGARA, 13 April, '13. cannot Fositively say until L see }-,is Lor',I-
"DEAR SIR,- \Yill YOI1 excuse my omi'ting ship. Nothin,g would give me greater ple::.-
in the hurry of lea.ving York gi\.in
you a sure than our beillg enabled to leave this
draft for your account. I find there is a place in company, and unless your atfa.ir8
balance due on
lr. Crooks' account which I require your presence in Quebec or MOll-
now send. I hope Mr. Hamilton will gi\'e treal, you will tinù the passage via New
it you in .. I!Ihort time as I have written him York more expeditious and much chGaper.
on the subject. "Vou say' 1 trust no Dew catastrophe has
.. I am, Sir, happened in Judge Powell's family
o nnve
.. Y'r very Obed' S rvant, occasioned the unpleasant seI.sations you
.. \V: C.
HORT, Lt -Cot notice.' Tht:.Y were a.ll in go(,d health anti
U A. \V ood, Esq," spirits. The jud
e was at Niagara. ou his re-
There ill one letter in this correspondence turn from the western circuit. I do not
{r"m Colont:l Smith, administrator of the recollect my h..yin
experievced the lSem,a-
province from June 1817, until August 1818, tions you mention. The passage from N
w
õl.nd again from .\larch until June 1820. It York was certainly a boistel'ous one-a
ill on a purely business matter a.nd is as continued gale 011 the ba.nks of Newfound-
follows: laud, the m8.in-yartl snapped in the slings
AMHERSTBURGH, Oct. 13th, 1801. with as much ease as you would bre
k a
"D
AR SIlt - rtlodtli
h. ,Fortunately, it happened about
You h
rewÎlh have an order on 1\11', noon. For ten day. we scudded with close
Dunlop for i:24 109 4d, which, with the \'e
sel fl)re and miZZC'l topsails, the topgtl.l.
..mount of my order on Dr, Burns, will, 1 lant masts of lolh lowered on deck. The
"\elieve, make the sum you charge me with, sea was so high that we could not ri
a new
1 received your lett. r inclosing my account main-yarù, although a spare one WIlS ready.
with you, just as we were on the move from \Ve had a fine ship and a most excellent
Kingston, otherwise it should have bf'en captain, the PaC'ific, Ca-pt. Stanton. My
answered from that place'!:. As Mr. l
urr,s sensations on La.ke Ontario were other Ulan
promised me that my account with him those on U.e Atlantic. Governor Gore had
should be pa.id in June last, I bope the the kindness to order the G hucester for my

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

1019

accommodatinn to Kingston, but previous Campbell. \Ve have everything ready for
to tho day of sailin
, the Duke of Manches- our journey, and are for settmg out to-
ter returne I via \lat;chedash from an ex. morroW' morning.
curs ion around Lake Huron, and requested .. I in tbe meantime send enclose:! a letter
this Teasel. The Governor sen' me do me.s- for the Earl of
elkil'k, which I request you
sage stating the case, sayin
th8.t he could to deli,"er him on his arrival. It contains
not refuRe the Duke and offering me the the substance of wh!lot I could collect from
Toronto. This vessel being confessedly \-he I!!ettlers.
rotten, I had great; difficulty to prevail on .. I remain, Sir, Yonr Humble 8ervant,

lrs.
IcDonell to con
cnt to embark in her. II ARCHD. McDoSELL."
l1i was Hobson's choice, that or none. I There are two other communications re-
went to the garriso I and the Governor told lating to the slJ.me ma.tter, one to John
me. that as he would be in the Gloucester Murphy, in care of
J r. \\- ood, and the
himself, he would direct the master to keep other to the Earl of Sdkirk, himself, from .1.
company with the Toronto. On my return Leys. They tell their own story, and are
to town I informed Mrs. :\IcDonelI of this. as followa :-
Her reply was · \Vhat assistance can they I "MONTREAL, 19th Dec. 1816,
give in ø. dark and stormy night? \Ye U MR. JOH:S MURPHY,
sailed on the 13th October, and at 11 o'clock I Co SIR,-l am instructed by the Countess
at night enconnter d a furious gale. \\' e of Selkirk h acknowledge the receipt of
dared not .how a. ra't of sail, indeed your letter to her of the 9th instant, and
Cspt. Fish said tbat if we dId she desires me partiC'ularly to notice to you
W6 would go to thE' bottom in less than half that she feels greatly pleased at the pros-
an hour. the vessel making water fa.st,and the pect your return to Fort W.lliam affordl!!
lee pump worked. \Ve Wel'6 in this predica- her of w' hing t') his Lordship, having com.
ment all night and eagerly looking for the munications of importance to transmit Fol'"
Gloucester's light, but in vain. At the dawn, this purpose it will be necessary, an1 hE'r
the Charity Shoab were close to our lee; we Ladyship especially desires that you will
then to our inexpresl:jible joy saw theGlouces- remam at York until her de!patch for his
tel' about four n.i es astern of us, set thA WlD
Lordship shall reach you.
')f the foresail to clear the t1hoall!!, an<1 most " :5he further wishes you to let her know
fortunately she a.nswered her helm, TI e the object of your late expedition, the in-
Gloucester,seeillg ',HI thus sa.fe, made sail and structions you acted upon, and the manner
was soon out of sight. \ \' e got to Kingston executed, who the prisoner is, and what
about 2 p m. the same day. Williugly would has been done with bim.
I ha.ve compounded for the sa.crifice of my .. The post hour being at hand,I have only
own life; but the pros pee of seeiuJ my wife time to say that I shall be glad to hear of
and children perish before mv ,v
s was a your success and that your sen ices will en.
drf'adful thought, }Id.Y tha.t Lord who pro- title you to the approbation of the Earl of
tected UK make me truly thankful. and may Selkirk anù all others under whom you act.
you never experience the sensationi which .' I am, sir, with be'.!t wishes for your
at t
at period tortured, Deal. Sir, prosperity,
II Your
incere Friend. .. Your Most Obedient Humble Servant,
.. ALEJ.:. McDo
ELL. " HEN"RY FURREST."
YORK, 22 June, 1818.
..
ly LORD,-I !:lad the Honor to receive
your Lordship's letter of the 10th inst. 'J he
affidavits of the deserters and others from
the Red River Sett;,lement taken by
Ir.
\Vood in 1816, with other pa.pers respectin

your Lordship's affairs, was left by Mr.
\V ood in a sealed packet, which I have this
day put into the hands of
ir. G. Ridout a.I
your Lordship direc
s.
" 1 have ..he Honor to be,
"
ly Lord, Your Lordship's
"
Iost obd't and very humble Serv't,
"JoHS LEYS
" The Earl of Selkirk, M ontrea.!."
There are several interesting letters from
dIfferent members of the
Iacaulay amily to
:\lr. \Y ood. In that dated A

2nò,1816,
the :\j rs. Paxton spoker- <.If in the I
t para-

.. A. \Y o
d, ESQ."
There are no mor
l&tters respecting the
Selkirk t1ettl'ements until 1816, \\ h'n there
is one from Mr. Archibald _\T cDonell. of
Newmarket. There were so many men of
this name who filled public offices in the
early yearl!! of the century, that it is impos-
sible to say with accuracy who this gentle.
man was,
.. NEWMARKET, Jan, 10th, 1816,
.. Sir,- I have been informed by OIle of
ou,r deserters, who left DrummoDcl's Island
about two months ago, and lives now with
)11'. Robertson, th,.t George Campbell is
g
n
to Detroit I therefor
wi!:h Capt.
Llvmgston to undertake the Journey with-
out me, but he wants me to accompany him,
at least as far as NottawaslI.ga, where he
expc'cts to get some information I'espectin

1020

LAKD
IARKS OF TORO
TO.

graph was tlle widow of C;;.ptam Paxton, I fering by
Iajor Kirby, and begs you will
commander of the schooner Speedy, which, Le so good as to !ay it uefore the Council,
with &oll on board, was lost on Lake OntarlO and do the best you can to secure a. lot for
October 7th, 1804, him at this place, a;; the fifth of an acre will
"Kn<GsTO:-i, April 2nd, 1816. ensure a. saving of two hundred pounds.
".\1Y DEAR SIR -I hlld the pleasure of " A number of þeople are about to set off
hearing fr0m you by Capt. Fraser, enclosing to York, and you will gt:t the news of the
the rent from Mr. S., for which
ccept lI.y I da.y ?1uch better f
om t
leru than I can .de-
hest thanks. I am in hopes that It may Le I tall It. 1 n fact htt
e IS to be hea.rd JUS
in my power to pay a visit to York soon, I now and less looked 101".
"ith either B. or Mary. who are desirous to "The family is quite well, and only in,
see it and our friends there, particularly com
oded by a. prospect of being turned ou

Mr. :\JcGill's familv. I ha.ve beard rather of this house.
more favorable acc"'unnt
of his health th90n " All ioin in be!!lt regards to you !Lnd wish
formerly, which gives me much satisfaction. you to convey the same to ou'r friends the
"Propert\. continues to rise here, at least McGill's.
lÌoes not fall. I trust th:.lt many will be " In the grea.test haste, believe me yours
disappointed in the remoniol of the seat of sincerely, "J. S.
I
AULAY.
Uovernment. If they are,m30ny sad counten- "Alex. \Yood, Esq."
ances will be seen Cummings' old store, "KI
GSTO
. March 5th, 1816.
a.djoining P. Smith's" rented the other day " My ÐKAR Sm,-James wrote you a few
for f:l50 per annum; that property is now lines which I intended to go by Major
Mr S,ewart's (sht:riff.) Kirby, but he had just left the hotel before
" In givin$lt to others we Ìe90rn that the I arri,'ed. The letter was given to Mr.
Hou e did not forfet to make a b
tter pro- Nepfield, and he assured me it ha.d been de-
,-i;;ion for members than formerly. This 'Da.y hvired. If so. I think there must soon be
be but fair. an answer to tbe memorial which 1\'&8 en-
"If you should see Mr, :Montizambert cìoHed. James weuld have presented it had
will you say that ] had a lettf'r fronl 1\1 ra. he got to York before his departure. The

I. e,nclosing o
e f?r hilß
elf, which I keep I house I now occupy has. been purchas
d
)'
lest It should mIss him! They were all well, I :\11'. Robertson, who mtendø to resule In
" 'l"he BiÚop is to pJ.Y a visit to us ea.rly town on account of his children, And 1 have
in the summ
r: he goes to England via New in vain searched for another, nor do I see a
York. Tha ladies expect to leave Quebec in I prospect of getting a. house of any deecrip.
June. Ali the property is to be sold, which tion In expectation of the seat of Govern-
includes the bi:shop's valua;)le library. Ii I ment being removed, property is
Dr. Strachan iø not apprized of this, yon can ri!!ling here daily. I met a per-
mention it ; probably he would wi;;h to pur- son frolD Quebec, who intends to
cha
e some ot the books; and to the doctor carryon a tobacco esta.blilllnment; for loiUD\-
and Mrs. S. remember us kindly. min
IiI' store and wharf L
OO is de1l1anded.
" \\'
have heard of the late marriage at for a corner lot about the cp.ntre of the town,
York. Our parson takes another partner, it without a house, ;(1,000. If I rema.in here
is said, i:l Mayor JUne. I some small building of my own will be more
"Mr. Robertson ,the proprietor ofthe hou!!le comfortable than this v"Jry uncomfortahle
I now live in, wi3hes to take possession of it I sta.te of tlUSpentle, and as 1 had during the
soon on account of Flen,ling his daughter to war considerable duty with the militia, and
school. 1 have some pt'Ospect of getting a still continue to have, 1 cannot think the
I)a.rt of M . Paxton's small house This is applying for a town lot any way unreason
in ey<;!ry resp
ct very uncomfortable, but. at able.
pre"ent 1 have not any alteruatiye. " Darns is stiU at his p1acE'. He has been
" Believe me t . be, det
ined 011 8ccount of a violen; mflamma-
Yours \'Cry truly. tion of the oye, but has a prospect of pro,
JAS. MACAULA't. ceeding to Quebec in & few days.
.... Ale
, \Y ood, Esq, York." " You will hear that Sir Gordon Drum-
1 he nexttwo letters.. ust be read 'orether, mond has dis:>olved the House of A6sembly,
tha
of toe lat6r date expiaining the first. and it is probable you will Bee his speech
"RI
GSTON, 16th Februar\', 1816. before this reaches von. I understand that
II My DEAR SIR,-The enclosed- m(.morial the House at York -manages ma.tters in a
was enclosed to me by my fa.ther, but; I left more satisfactory manner. t(\ the advantage
ï ark before its arri\'al, anù it was in conse- of all concerneà.
"{uence returned He is just now deeply "\Vhen a fa.vora.ble opportunity offerø, you
t:ubag
d in official duties, and requests me will oblige. me by giving Mr. Scarlett a hint

fu:'ward it. tQ you, a good opportunity of- about the woe-d.
Ir. Irdne tdls me the

1021

LAKD)lARKS OF TOROS 1'0.

Indian" have now sleighs for carrying it oft,
and these fellows alwavs cut down the b
st
ot t e young tr
es. i\; r still anticipate a
resilience at York I am IUlxious to save that
description of timber and of course the other
also.
.. )1ajor Glegg is coming out a" Gen.
Wilson's aide-de-camp, but we have not hea.rd
whethe:' the General comes to tllÌs or re-
mains in the Lower Province.
"Major-Gen. Young i:i dead Sir George,
they say,"i8 in bad health.
" l\- e have not any particular news I\t th is
place. 1 sen-] this by Mr.
lontizambert; he
IS this far on his wa.y to York ou public
bu!'\iness.
.. I remain, my dear sir, yours very tru1,) ,
"JA
. MACAULAY.
" My kind remembrances to my friendii'
with you
" Alex. \Y ood, ESQ."
The 1\11'. Sc:ulett mentioned above was
.J ohn Scarlett of the Humber. " Sir
Georg>" refers to Sir (;eorgc Y unge, !l.tt
r
whom Y onge street is named,
The h.-it iu the series is from the late Sir
.fohn Beverlev Robinson, Hi';! anxiety to
see his own pr
ofs is not to he woudel'ed at,
considering the way in which, in those now
iar awav days, "copy" was dealt with ÌJy
the pI iuters.

" OCTOBER 29, 1829_
"My DEAR Snt,-I send you the copy of
my charge which the Ura'id .Jury reque3tei.
1 will thank you (in whatev'3,' paper i_may
be inserted) to see tha.t at the top it i::;
stated 'Publishad at thp. request of the
Jury;' heeause I have no desire to figUl'e in
our new:sp
pers upon my own meution
.. Will you also be so good as to let me (if
)'OU can) have tÌ1e proof sheet to exarnir.e,
Lt\'ause these print.ers make terrible trash
of xnythmg ; and at Niagara the Grand
J UI"y gave my charge to honest Andrew
Herm\ to publish, who made barLarous
work 0\ it. It Ì;s too bad to Le made respon-
sible fo: what one {bes not say. I am, my
dear sir,
"Very Sin(.'erely Your!'!,
" ,j OHS H. ROBI
SO
.
"Alexander \\.ood, E;q."
To this is appended the following note
from
ur. \'-001 himself to the printer:
c. Sm,-The (
ranl Jurv for the H:>me
District Autumn Assizes pa
ticu]arly reqnest
that you will insen in yonr widely circulat"
ing journal thl3 very excellent and com pre-
henl5Ì\ r e charg
delivered to them by his
Honor the Chiet J uSLic
.
" 1 have the honor to be. Sir.
.. You' Obedient Servant,
.. ALEXANDER \Y OOD
"Mr. John Cary, printp.r."

CH APTER CCLXV.
A SCRAP OF HISTORY.

The Fight at ßI'Hvt'r U:am-l"b(" Pari
Tak.... III il by ('01. FHz;;ibonn-1Ir4. !!I
,-
corcl'lI Daring ':'
ploU.
The story of the 6"ht at Beaver Dam is
an int
restinO' one for Canadians. \Yhl\t
Col. Fitzgib
n did makes a bright page in
CanJ.dlan history. Few, if any accounts of
the e\"er.t are giver. in extenso by Cana lian
writers, Thi; article from an old magazine
(!i ves some interesting details :-
- As soon as General Vincent haà, by hi:;
reinforcements. and the successful issue of
the night attack at Stoney Creek, been re-
lieved from tho embarrassing situ3.tion iI1
winch he had been placed, he acti \ ely re-
commenc
d offensive measures, placing the
right division of his little force under the
command of Lieutenant-Colonel Hisshopp,
who pushed forward detachments, and took
up twc po:!itions, cormnanuing the Cl'OI
-
roads at the Ten-mile Creek and the Beaver
Dam. I t was arranged, by prec.mcerted
siguèIoh, that their stations could readily sup'
port each other. Dearborn, finding that
the
e manæUVl'es hl\ l very materially cir-
cumscribed the range of his troops, who wer.
now ,ompelled tø live on their own resour-
ces, determined to check further cncroach-
ments on his ease ailli desp.l.tched Lieut, -Col.
Boerstler with a detachmt'nt of nearly seven
hnnllred men, from Fort George, to attack
and disperse t hat POl tion of Col. Bisshapp's
command which had taken up thcir position in
a stone house nf'ar the Beaver Dam. This de-
tacnment consisted of t.hirty men of the one-
hundreù 'and-fourth, and \Vere in commun-
ication with a party of lnàians, who, under
the command of Cap!;. Kerr, and a.bout two
hundred strong, occupied the woods. Col
Doerstler in this lnarch came unexpectedly
on this body of Indians. who, lining the
wood, thcir numuers partially concealed by
the cover, imm:'!dlate1v attacked him. The
thirty men of th{' 104th soon came to the
a5!sistance of Captain Kerr, and a warm
skirmish ensued, which had lasted for about;
two hour-, when Col. Boer.stlcr, dreadin

an ambuscade, commencf'd 110 retrcèIot toward;;
Landy'lS Lane,but was immediately attacktld
from the woods by a. small body of about
t \\ cnt,y militia, under Col. Thoma,s Clark,
who, accidentally passing', had been attract-
ed by the firing. Col. BO{,I,,,,tler now began
to tllink that matters l,)oked serious, but
instead of retreating as fast 11.8 he could he
sent for reinforcements to Fort George, six-
tæn miles distant. While waiting
for "'-3 arrival of these, and
making good hib position, Lieutenant
Fitz
il.Jbon, of the 94th, arrin?ll on the fie.!d

1022

LAXD)lA RKS OF TOROXTO.

(if we lIlay apply that expressIon to a beeCh. , glb
on (then Lieu.t, Fitzgibb
>n) R'ained
o much
wood) and aÌler reconnoitrin g and hearing pnuse for, the vlct.ory a
hleved l?Y him (J
'er
'. the AT1)('r
cans. wa" oWIng i 0 mformatlO:1
that I'cmforcements had been sent for, this whkh MI.s. ::ìecord Ihc widow of Jamei! See-ord
officer determined on the bohl step of sum- JÙlq.. dec(-'a
ed. fo
merlY oÌ Queenston. wh,;
moning tile.' mcricans to surrender. * This ""as wm:ndeá .at the batll.e of Ihat place (l3th
'" 1 d ' 1 ' .' L . Oct. 1812). obtamed from prJvate sources, of the
P,
opl',
a, , OUlJt ess .\ery DlUCI1 to tell'. intention of IÌle Anu.rican troops 10 surround
J! Itzgwbon s surprtse, Col. Boerstler- and take Fitzgibbon and party. which con-
lieciug no prospect of escapInj;t sist
rt at that lime of a det

nmcut of the 49,h
or savina his wounded who \\ ere b y this regiment..
omc few Imhtla fl
d a sma.l
....., bollyof InùIans. to oppO'5e somc 50 of mounted
time pretty numerous-consented to, and American !trllgoons, The difticuity of reachin'.7
terms of capitulation werc forthwith agreed Lieut Fitzg.bbon'lI post is thus related in '\1r-.
on Just I\S these were Leinv drawn up Secord's own words :-"1 shall commence at th"
M'. d H h h d b f b Battle of Queen!'ton. where I was at thc tiow.
1 ,<ljOl',?
ren. W 0 . a een _se
t or. y and the cannon-ballA were fIying around me i I
Lieut. F ltzglLbon, arrIved, brmgmg wIth every direction. 11eft the place dm ing the
him about two hUlldreli and twenty men. pngagement. After the battle I returned 10
This bUll y came U P in time to secure t.he p rili' Qucenston, and then found that my husbarJtl
. . had been wounded. my hou!!" plundered and
oners, but not folltliclcutly so to saye Col. property desLl'oyed. It waR while the Amel.i-
Boerstler the disgr"l
e of ha\'ing surrcndered cans had possession of th
f['ontier that 1 learn-
to a body whioh with the two hundrpd In- ed
he plans of the American commander. and
d . d . I ' 1 - h h ' detN'mincd to put the Hri:ish troops unrlu'
lan
, II not ha I equal t at under IS com. Fitzgibbon in pus,>csslon of them,and if possiblu
mann. to save the British troops from c&.pture 01'
Capitulation of Col. BoerstJer and five perhaps, total dest,ructio
. In d.oing S? I
hundred ana fort y ,one Am
rican troop!! found I hhould h4
e great dIftlcultr 111
ettll1g
. -. . thro\:.:,:h: he Amprlcan guards, which were out
Parl1culars of t he capItulation made bet ween t.en mileól in the country. Determined to per-
Capt.
I cDowell, ('n the part of Lieut. -Col. severe. h?wever. I .left ,early in the morn.ng-.
Boerstler of the United States arm,}' and walked nmeteen IT!ll
s III the month of Junc,
, .... ' . over a rouKh and difficult part of the cmmtry,
}1
or de Har
n, of his Bl'1tanlllc .\1 ajesty s I when 1 came to a field belongin
to a Mr. Dc-
Canadian I'egiment, on the part of Lieut.-Col. camp, in the neighbourhood of the Beaver'
Bisshopp commandina the advance of the Dam. By this time daylight had Idt me. Here [
B 't' 1 . ' , a I '"' f d h íound all the Indians l'ncamped; by moonligbt
1"1 If> I, r
spect1
o t I
orce un er t e com- the scene was territ'
'l[)g. and to th03e accuston _
mand of Lleut.-Col. JJoerstler edto 8
ICh scene-s, might be considered gl'alu'I.
Article I. -That Lieut. -Col. l'oer8tler, and Upon ad "ancing to the Indians they ail ro"e. an<t
tbe force un<ie-r his command lihallsnrrender wIth some ydls, said . woman.' which ma
e m.e
, ' tremble. I cannot eXJjress the awful feelm
It
prIsoners of war. , .
ave me; but I did not lose my p['esence of mind.
ArtIcle JI,-That the officers shah retaID I was determined to persevere, I went up to
their arm!!, hurses and iJaO'gage. one of the chiefs, made him UI
derstand that I
- 1 j II Th h ., .. d had Kreat news for Capt. Fitzgibbon. and thar;
Artlc c . -. o.t tenon comllllsslOn
he mu..t let me pa:iS the camp, or that he and
officers and soldIers shall lay down theIr his party would be all taken. The chief at first
arm!! at the h
ad of the British column and objected to let me pass, but finally assented,
shall hecome pt'isoners of war. ' after o-ome besit
tion: to tto \'I.
th me ,and ae.
l\rticle IV.-lhat tile mihtia and volun-

iieaïle

D

I
g

n i s

o

'r

v

teers, with Lieut, Cot Boerstler, shall be with him. I then told him what I had corpe
permitted to retUl'n to the United States on for, nnd what I bad hea:-d-that the Americans
1 intended to make an attack upon the troops
par:l es. under his command, and wou
d. from their su.
Ax DREW McDoWELL, periornmnber!'!,capture them aU. Benefittingby
Car-to of the U, S Light Artill(
ry. this information, Capt. Fitzgibbon formed bis
Acccdeò to and si!!ned, plane accordiugly, and captured about ñvp hun-
- dred An.erican lIlfantry. about fifty mounred
p (
. !:(H:RsTLEa, dragoons, and a field piece or I\'IQ was taken
Lieut,.Col. COllln ancling Detachment United from the enemy. 1 returned honle next da.J'
St t .A exhausted and fatigued. I am nowadva.nced
a P.S rll,y, in years. and when llook back I wonder how I
P. V, DE HAREN, could have
One thro\lgh 110 much fatiKue, wiLh
Major Cana.Ji!l.O Re
iment. the fortitude to accomplish it."
Reinforcements arriv
d al. Queenston, but (Certificate.)
returned to Fort George. Ali EOon as Gen. I do hereby certIfy that Mrs. Secord, the wife
Dearborn heal d of Boeriltier's critIcal situa- of James Secord, E, Q" of Chippcwa, did, in the
month 01 June, ]<;]3, walk from my house in the
t;:on, he despatched C. 1. Christie wit I a Village of S. Davids to Decamp's house in
r
iment ùf three hundred men The de- Thorold. by a circuitous route of ab..ut twenty
b.cbment marched as far as Queenston, miles, JJ4rtly through the wo<>ds. to aCQuainr;
me 1 hat, the enemy intended to attempt by
where, hearing of Boerstler's surrender, Col. !!urprbe, to capture a áetachment of the 49th
Chrie.cie returned to the camp. regiment, then under my command. .he having
obtamed such knowledKe from good aurhol"Ïty.
(IS the events proved. Mrs. Sec(.['d was a
-The circum3tances conn('cted with the person (Jf slight and delicate fmme, .1nå made
atralr at the Beaver Dam, wht>re Col. Fitz- the effort in weather excet!:3ivt:ly "arm, and

LAND}lARKS OF 'JOi10NTO.

1023

I dreaded at the time that. she must
t'utf
r in hC'a.lth in consequence of iati
ue and
anxiety. &he having been exposed to danger
from the I':nemy, through whose line ot com-
munication shfJ had to pa;;s. The att,empt waR
made on my dctacbment by the enCimy and
his detachment. consisting of up,"ards of 500
men, witb a field piece. and fifly dragoons were
captured i , consequence. I write this certifica.te
in a moment of much hurry and trom memory,
nnd it is thf'refore thus brief.
(Signed) JAMES I<'ITZGIBBON,
Formerly Lieutenant in the t9th Regt.

Court
lá.rtial assemble<l to try the Ameri-
can prisoner, General Sutllt'rland. who at-
tempted to commit suicide whilst confined
in the old for at Toronto.
Colonel Ja.rvis died in Toronto on 6th
Sept.. 1857.
THE IIAZI:!:L BURN PROPERTY.
This property comprised one hundred
acres, and was an original grant from the
Crown to Secretarv \\"illiam .1arvis, The
consideration was "1:100, or -1:1 an acre.
When Secretary Jarvis died in 1818 the
property passed into the hands cf hif.l eldest
6011, Col. Samuel Peters Jarvis. About 1822
or 1823 about 50 acres were cleared of the
pine forest, which was t.he origina.l growth
The Residence or tlae La,fe Colonel SaRluel on this !and. in 1824 Mr, Sdmuel Jarvis
.-eters .Jarvis. erected the brick residence 6hown in the
Colonel Janis was the eMf'st son of
ec- picture, and laid out some ten acr
s be-
retary WilHam Jar-.is, of 1792-1817, and tween the house and what is now Queen
his wife Hannah Owen Peters, born at street (then Lot street) as orchards and
Newark, (now Niagara,) 15th Nov., 1792, garden. In this house, which was built by
and was educated at Corn\\all by the late the late Mr. John Ewart, as coßtt'actor for
Dt'. Strachan, afterwards Bishop of Toronto. the masonry work, :Mr. Jarvi", aud his
He studied law and practised his profession family resided until 1848, when, at the r('-
for many years. At the age of 20 years he quest of the corporation, the home, which
was attached to the 41st re
iment and was sl{)od exactly where Jarvis stre
t and Shuter
presemj at the siege of Detroit. street intersect, was pulled down and ,Jarvis
Afterwards he was present at the battle street opened out to Bloor street. Jar.vis
of Queenston Heights, when General Brock street of the present day, from Queen street
antI his A. D.C, Co!. .McDonell, fell, bein
south to King street, was then called Ncw
one of the pall-bearers at the funeral of the street, afterw!1rdiil named Nelson street, and
lat 'er. Later he was at the battles of finally Jarvis street.
Stoney Crt:ek and Lundy's Lane, The house WM a two-storey brick one,
He also during the war commal1ded the with verandah, and of substantial build.
guard which conveyed General Winfield All the wood work inside was solid black

cott a.t! prisoner of war to Niagara. walnut, a.nd when the house was Jisuunt.:ed
In 1818 he married ;\-Jary Boyles Powell, the woodwork wa.s purchased by the late
da.ughter of the late \Yilliam Dummer Colonel Carthew, who had it removed to
Powell, Chief Justice of Upper Canada the house he wa; then building on Y onge
a.nd Speaker of the Legislative Council, street, near Gd.llows Hill, and which was
by whom he haeI nine chiid:'en, four son8 planned of ex<\,ctly the sa.me dimensions as
and five daughtt,rs, three of whom alone are Mr. Jarvis' house, in order to suit the wood-
now living,!:viz, '-Major General Jarvis. work, Colonel CartÌ1ew's house was tota.lly
C.
1. G., anJ Mrs. Farrell, widow of the àestroyed by fire some years afterwards
late Colonel Sidney B. Farrell, Royal 'fhe outbuiidings at Hazel Hurn were
:Enginet:rs, in England, &ond Geor2:e Murray chieflv built of bric:.:. The stable, which
.Jal'\"is, of the Civil Service in Ottawa. w ,s s
me distance north of the house. was
,\iter the death of his father in 1811$, standing some years ago on the west side of
C010nel J,trvis pp.rforwed his official dutieil Jarvis street. The smoke house, also a
as Secretary of the Province, Clerk of I brick struature, stood in the rear of the
the Crown in Chancery and Chief Supe!'- house, a lit,tle to the east, and was It place of
intendent of Indian Affa.irs terror to the small boys who frequcllte:l the
During the rebellion ot 1837-38 Colonel orchards for the purpose of stfaling apples,
Jarvis raised the" Queen's Rangers," which and who, when caught, as was frequently
were under his immediate command. He the case, were locked up in the stuoke
was subsequently commander of all the house for 6everal hours as punishment.
troops ill garrison A short àistance 1101 th, and at the west end
He was also present when the I!!teamer of the hrge gard
n, was a very commodious
Caroli:1e wa.s .. cut out" and sent down fowl house and yard, also used as a rabbit

ia
aru River from Navy l::Iland by Capta.in house a.nd warren, where hundreds of rab-
Dre.\' ahd Allan ;\-lcNab. bits were kept. The picture shows the car-
Later he was Judge Advocate 011 the rÌlt
e house and s
l('ds, and the cret:k, which

CHAPTER CCLXVI

AN OLD JARVIS STREET HOUSE.

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LAND)L\.RKS OF TORONTO.

flo\\ ed aùout midwa
' between house amI
Btable towards :the east, passing througil
.\1Q8d Park and across (Jueen I:!treet. The
rOot: house, a large bUll.Üllg oi l3ulHl I:-ìtolle
IDlli!OUl'J', iö also shown, bUIlt iuto the
tliue oi the hill facillg the creek, alld
ill which creek, al3 it came dowll from
Da.veu}.Jort bill tilrough the
lcGíll }.Jru-
}.Jerty. was excellcllt trout fish mg.
The log cabill t;hoWll at the extreme
rear of tile cleared 50 acres WHI3 occu}.Jied
by the farm mall (..Fol'b(!l3) HIlll his family.
III the immeuiate ueigilbourhood of the
cabill wa", a swamp, where there walS
excellent snipe ahootillg. In the forcst
north of thia to Bloor street deer 'were
plelltiful, and they M well as the snipe
were frequeutly bagged by .Mr. J arvig
and his frienW! of an evening after dinner.
In this fore8t was a heavy growth
of hazelnut bushes, irom which circum-
stance, no doubt, the IJlace was named
Hazel Buru.. During the rebellion of 1887
man;)' amusing Bcenes were witnessed at
Hazel Buru.. It was supposed the rebels
would enter the town through these
woods, and a guaru was kept for sev-
eral daya and nights on the grounds

On one occlUlion when tile guard were
enjoying a Bupper well on in the night
they were alarmed by the report of a
musket discharged by one of the sen-
t1'Íes stationed in the neighbourhood of
the stable. When
he guard turned out
they found that a sentry had challenged
t!everal times what he thought was a
man moving towards him in the dark,
and receiving no reply to his challenge,
he had fired and kiUed a calf that was
grazing among the trees.
The carriagc standing in the yard, as
shown by the picture, had a history. It
was brought to this country by Lady
&rah Maitland, and when she and Sir
Peregrine returned to England it was
purchased by 1\1r. Jarvis, and was in
cOWltant use till as late as 1865, when
from age it became ullBcrviceable. It it!
8uPPOolled to be still somewhere in To-
ronto. Many other reminiscences of the
old place might be recorded, but they
would be of little interest to any but
thOolle who were acquainted with it in
those days, and who enjoyed its hospi-
tality, whicb Wa.!! proverbial. In 1t)46
there were private theatricals at Hazel
Burn. The name8 of all tho.
e who took
part are familiar:
HAZEL BURN THE-\.TRIOALS.
On Twelfth Night, the Thespians will per-
form five scenes from Sheridan's Oomedy of
THE RIV AL&
Dramatis Personae.
Mrs. Mala.prop, the aunt of Lydia......
.............-...............-. MiY Eliza lI'itZi'9rald

I O
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Lydia. Languish, a sentimental young
lady ..............................
n.ss, EmilJ' Jtlrvis
Julia Melville, the ward of S,t. An-
thony .......................................
Iiss Irving
Lucy, L;ydia'si maid.....................:\Iis9 Jarvis
Sir Anthony Absolute, a t
st.
. old gen-
. tIemu!1 .....:;...:' ...............1\11'. Alf, ed Sharl)e
Sll'LuCIUS 0 TrIgger, 3n Irish Baronet
..............................:\[r. G. :\1urray Jarvis
Oaptain Absolute, Sir Anthony's son,
the lover of Lydia........................:\Ir. Galt
Faulkland, the lover of Julia...l\lr. Bernard
Bob Acres, a. half-witted country
squire .................................... Mr. Irving
Fag ........................ Master Oharles Jarvi!'
Performance to Oommence at Half-paB't
Seven, JANUARY, 1846.
CHAPTER CCLXVI1.
ST. JAMES' CHURCH.

Tilt' St't'ond Bullding-Ho,," It 1'"1t8 Buill
un<<1 by "-hom-The Orl
lnnl ':ontrot't-
Its f'lnul Df'strllctlon
The first St. James' Church was a wood-
en building, erected on the same site as
where now stands the stately eccleøial!l-
heal fane of the flame name.
This first church had:, to quote a let-
ter from Archdeacon George O'Kill
Htuart, ., been built and entered into and

18ed for public worship in 1807." Among
Its records are many interesting parti-
culars. On March 1st;, 1807, it is record-
ed that "a town meeting was held
agreeably to the act of Legislature at
Gilbert's Tavern,. in the town of York,
when and where the following gentle.....
men, D' Arcy Boulton, Esq., and William
Alla
Esq., were nominated and ap-
pointed church wardens."
Sextons in 1807 do not appear to have
been highly paid functionaries, for it if!
quaintly recorded that JO.3eph Hunt re-
ceived "the sum of three pounds, fifteen
shillings, Halifax currency, in full for
one-q uarterfs allowance as clerk and sex.
ton to the church at York, from March
4th, 1807, to the 4th of June, 1807."
In March, 1808, for the first time, "dol-
lars" were referred to in the records.
T
p to that date all pecuniary tra11flac-
hODS had been recorded in pounds, shil-
lings and pence, Halifax currency.
The total pew rents received in this old
church from March 4th, 1807, until March
1809, only amount to .1:73 4ø 6d, Halifax
currency, or $292.90.
The first pulpit erected in St. James',
w
ich is now in Scarboro' chur:;h, was
bUIlt by one Joohua Leach, for in the
records there is an entry recording the
payment to him of .E3 78 9d (or $18.55),
"in part payment for a pulpit erected
in the church." The date is April 4th,
1809.
There was a slight improvement in the
financfI!!! from March, 1809, to Mareh,

10'26

L\
D)lARKt; OF TUROXTO.

1810, the amount received being $161.5:;. 1 place, Esquire: William Henry Draper. of
The next account given is fm' two years the same place, Esquire; J ame.s Grant
ending March 4th, 1812, the receipts then Chewett, of the f;ame place, Esqmre : and
blC'ing $422.50.' George Dug
a I!, of the f!aIDe pl
ce, mer-
. b . d . . ' I chant, of the hrl'lt part: .John RItchey, of
ThIS Ul
lUg, after thirty year8 ,:se. the same IJlace. carpenter and . builder.
wa.s found III 1831 to be no longer se:vlce- of the second part: Jesse Ketchum, of
able for the wants of the. commun
ty of ! York aforesaid, Eæ,;quire. and Thomas Sil-
York, or rather thf' Anghcan portIon of I vlC'rthorn, of the township, Torunto, in the
the inhabitanh:! of that town, and it waf; di/:o\trict aforesaid. yeoman. of the third
decided to f'rect a larger and more tmb- I part. Wherea.o;, at a public meeting of
etantial IC'dilice. Tenders. therefore, were I the pal'ishioner
of tIll' parish of St

invited from buildeI"t!, and the specifica- I James, in the town of York aforesaid, it

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tioIIB contained therein were as set forth I was determined on re-building the Church
in the following reprint of the original of St. James in the said parish; and
contract: I wherf'aß, at the snid meeting the above-
"An agreement made nntl entered into I named D'Arcy TIoulton, Rubert Stan-
the twenty-second day of October, in the ton, William Henry Draper, James
year of our Lord, one thoUßand eight hun- Grant Chewett and George Duggan,
dred and thirty-one. I were by the ,:aid parishioners fl p-
"Between D' Arcy Boulton, junior, of pointed a ('ommittee for f!uperintend-
the town of York, in the Home District, ing the building of the said church,
Esquire; Robert Stanton, of the sarn(' and were authorized to advertil'!c for
I

LANDMARKS OF TORoxrß

1027

and enter into a contract or
contracts for John Ritchey. as hpreinafter mentioned, he,
re-building the said church; the saidJohnRitchev,doth hereby agree with
"And where.ls at a meeting of the said the said partie8 oi the first part,that he wil]
committee a prop03a.l or tender from the find and provide every material of every
said .John Ritchey was received for the nature and deEicription of the very best
erecting and building the said chl1rch; and kind to be used in and about the erection of
of the whole of the said work to be done the said chu
ch at his own proper cost r.nd
thereto according to the drawings, plan8 charge.
and specifications made out and now in "Thirdly-That he,the said John Ritchey,
the possession of the said committee, for s
an and will erect the said church under
the sum of seven thousand tour hl111dred thc immediate superintendence of the said
and twenty.five pounds currency; :J.nn parties hereto of the first part; or of such
such proposal and tender were agreed to architect for the time being appointed by
by the said committee upon the term3 and them or the survivor of them; and that the
conditions hereinafter mentioned: said parties hereto of the first part or such
"And whereas the said J esse Ketchum architect to he by them appointed shall
and Thomas Silverthorn have consented have full power an 1 authority to give di-
and agreed to become bound as sureties reetions for and regulate the bringinp in
for the due fulfilment of th. contract here- propcr materials to b
used in the erec-
inafter mentioned and of the work to be tion and completing of the said church;
performed by the said John Ritchey in re- and also the mode and manner of per-
building the said church; now these forming the several works in and about the
presents witl1css, tha.t for carrying same, and if they or he shall think! fit full
the said agre,)ment into e
ecutioll the power to reject any improper ma teriats 0.8
said D'Arcy Boulton, Robðrt St:\nton, \Vil- 3.foresaid of every description, and to require
liam Henry Draper. James Grant Chewett the said John Ritc!ley to substitute better
and George Du! gan, on behalf of them :leI ves materials in lieu of sn
h as they shou ld think
and of the p rishioners on the one pal t; improper; and generally to take ca.re that
and the said Johu Rit hf'Y on the other part, every part ot the work in the erecting the
do hereby ICutually coutrac
, declare and I said chnrch be done Ln a good and workman-
agree as follows :- - I like manner.
.. First-The said John Ritchey doth cove- .. Fourthly-And the said v' Arc)' Doulton,
nant and agree with the said D' AJ"cy B)UI- Robert Stanlon, \Yilliam Henry Dra.per.
ton, Robert 8tll.nt;on, \Villiam Henry Dra, James Grant Chewctt and George DngQ'an,
per. James Grad Chewett and (
eorge Dug- do hereby agree to and with the said John
gn.n, a.ld the survivors and :;>nrvÌ\'or of them Ritchey, his executors, administrators and
and the executor3 and the administrat:>rs of as
igns in mannel' following: that is to sa.y,
snch survivor,that he, the said John Ritchev, that they, the said D' -\rcy Bonlton, Robert
in consideration of the sum of se\'en thou-
tanton, \Villiam Henry Draper. James
sana four hundred and twenty-five pounds, Grant

ewett a.nd George Duggan, as
hereinafter agreed to be paid to him. shall snch committee for the bnilding of the
and will at the town of York aforesaid, on said church as aforesaid, shall and will
snch spot as shall be pointed ont to him by pay unto the said John Ritcr.ey the s&.id
the said D'Arcy Bonlton. Robert Stantor., sum of seven thousand four hundre land
\ViIli'.lm Henry Draper. JamesGrantChewett twenty.live ponnds in manner folJowing:
and George Dug
l1n, at his own expense tha.t is to say, the SUIll of one thousand
in every respect, erect and build, cover-in ponnds immediately on the flignature of
and
l&ze, pa.int, pla3ter, stuccc. and com- these presents; and w;1en the sum of one
pletely finish with all necessary stone-work, thousand pounds has been expended in work
bric
,work, carpentery, joinery, iro!]- and materials for the said church, and ::Ie-
work, plastering, stucco, and in every re- livered on the ground whereon the same
spect make fit for the use of the said is to be built, to be ascertained either by
congregation a.({reeable to the specifica- the parties of the first pa.rt, or certificate
tions hereto annexed all ane! singular the of an architect to be by them appointed as
said ehnrch or builrlin({ mentioneJ or spe- afOL.esaid, the r
sidne of the said snm of
citìed in the plan hereunto annexed; tr.e seven thoU5o.nd four hUl1dred and twenty-
whole to be completed on or before the first five pounds, in manner following: tila. is
day..f September in the year of onr Lord to say, the sum of eighty pounds pe:- cen-
one thonsand eight hundred anù thirty- tnm upon the value ot so much of the said
three. church as sha.ll at the end oÏ every month
.. Secondly-That in considera.tion of the from and after the expenditure of the said
Mid sum of seven thousand four hundreJ and one thousand pound:! be completed in a
twenty-five p:mnds to be p,dd to the sa'ld I workmanlike manller: and on the value of

1028

LA:\D\lARKS OF TORONTO.

Inch materials as shall then be provide.d
and deiivet'ed o\'cr anù above the value
of the said one th()n
all<l pounds, or of the
last monthly valuation, atHI the residue of
the said sum oi seven thousand four hundred
and twenty-five pounds, when the said
building or church shall be completely
finished and delivered o\'er: provided, al-
wa.ys, nevertheless, that no such payment

hereto of the first part, and the said John
Ritc:hey, that in cåse theV, the said partie:i
hereto of the first part, or the survivors or
survitûr of them or the executors or ad-
ministrators of the said survivor should
direct any more work to be pertormed 01'
done in and about the said church tha.n is
contained in the schedule hereUhder written
or annexed, then in such case tbe partiell

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&8 last aforesaid shall be made to the said I of the first part or the lIurviTora or
John Ritchey without the consent and I survivor of toem, or the executors or ad-
approbation of the said Jesse Ketchum DlÌnistra.torl of the survivor shall or will
and Thomas Silverthorn, first provided In I pay, or cam
e to be paid, to the aa.id John
writing to the 8ai
D'Arcy Boulton, William Ritchey, his executors, administra.tors or
Henry Draper, James Grant Chewett and assigns. so much money as the sa.id extra
George Duggan. work a.nd the materials used therein shall
.. Fifthly-And it is hereby declared and reasonably be worth, cost or amount to;
agreed upon by and between the sa.ld pa.rties a.nything before contained to the contrary

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

1029

thereof notwithstanding: subject, never- particular if either of the said parties shalf
tileless, to this proviso, that such direction have refused, declined or ne!;Ilected to be.
and payment for any
mch <.:xtra work shall come a party to such reference after such
110t be in any mJ.nnerconstrueù into a waiving nature as aforesaid, the pe.rties so refusing
or breaking of theie articles of agreement in or neglecting shall be bound and concluded

ny ma.nner whatsoever. by a.U the proceedings therein, and by the
"Sixthly-And it is herebycovenanterl and a\var,l to be made therein In the same man-
agreed by dtld between the said parties of the ner to all intent'i and purposes as if the
first part, and the said John Ritchey, that said party had been actually it party to the
if any dispute or diffen:nce should happen saId refE-rence and joined therein; and for
ro arise between them toucbing the said the further and better enforcing the per'
church hereby agret:d to be erected and formance and observance of every or an)'
built as aforesaid, or touching or con- award so ma.de as aforesaid the reference
cerning other matter or thing wh
tsoever or submission for, or in respect of the same,
relating to the work hereby contracted shall from time to time be - made a. rule of
to be Jone, or such additional or extra work, His Maje3ty's Cour' of King's Bench for VpJ
if any, or touching, or concerning the con- per Canada, according to the statute in such
struction or meaning of tbese presents: c.Jse made and provided.
then such dispute or difference shall be left " Seventhly- And it is hereby further
to the determination and award of three agreed by and between the said
indifferent persons, one to bfl named by the pa.r
i s of the first and second ç!l.t\
parties hereto of the first part, or the sur- that the act or determination of
vivors or survivor of them, or the executors the majority of the persons herein.
or administrators of such survivor; another before named of the first part sha.ll be con-
by the said .lohn Ritchey, his executors, ad. sidered and taken as the act of the whole of
ministrators or assigns, and the third by the said p Irties of the first part,
the persons so first chosen, immediately or " Eighthly-And it is hereby further cove-
within ten days after notice of such dispute nanted and agreed by a.nd between the par-
or difference; and if either of the said ties of the first and second par' hereto that
parties of the first and second parts shall in building the ;;aid church the said party ot
by any writing under thcir or his hand the second pa.r' shall be at liberty to make
or hands request the o
her party to refer use oÏ ail such ground as shall be open and
any such dispute to arbikation, and to no- 110t in use Îor graves, hut that in DO
minate any fit person or persons to be ar. respect shall he allow any materials or other
bitrator or arbitrators on theil' or his part things to be placed in or upon any graves or
and beha.lf, and the par'ty to whom such tombs within the church-yar.!.
request shall be made shall for the space of .. And the said Jesse Kt'tchum and Thoma.s
ten days after such request shall he made I Sih"erthorn do hereby for themselves, and
refuse or neglect so to do, or refuse or for, in and on beha.lf of their executors alld
neglect to execute a. paper a3 arbitration administra'ors, covenant, grant and agree
bond, then, and in either such case, it shall to and with the said parties of the first part,
and may be lawful to and for the person and the survivors and survivor of them, and
or persons chosen as a.rbitrator or arbitra- the executors and administra.tors of such
tors by the party ma.kiug such request as survivor in manner folIo" ing : that is to say,
a.foresa.ld by any writing under his or th
ir that the said John Ritchey .hall and will
hand or hands to choose some person to act
ell and truly expend in work and materials
as arbitrator for tbe party so neglecting for the said church the said sum oi onc
or refusing; and the persons so chosen thousand pounds, so to be Sod vanced as
arbitrators as hereinbefore ia mentioned aforesaid; and further, that he shall and
thereupon, and within three days after- will within the said time abo\'8 limited fOl"
wards proceed to choose 1111 umpire; and so doing', well, truly and fa.ithfully build
the major part of such arbitrators or urn- and in all things complete the said church
pire shall within one week from the time according to this ilgreeme:lt hereinbt\fore con-
of such reference mak4t an award in the tained, and according to the pians and speci,
matters to be referred to them, with fications hereto annexed.
power, nevertheless, for the said major .
In witness whereof the parties of theM
part of thtl said a.rbitrators and umpire from presents have hereunto lIet their hands anù
time to time to enlar
e the time for making seals the day and year first above written,
their said award; f 0 as th
said enlarged and in the second year of his Majesty's
time shall not exceed one ca.lendar month reign.
from the time of such arbitration first; com. " ::5igned, sealed and delivered in the pre-
mencing ; and the said award shall be fil1al sence of
and conclusive on all parties thereto, and in .. John Strachan, S. Wa.shburn, George

1030

LAND
IARKS OF T()R()
TO.

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ÇROU
D FLOOR OF ST. JA)IE
' (;AIHEDR.\L-1831-39.

LANDMA RKS OF TORONTO.

1031

Duggan, John Ritchey, D. Boulton, jr., I floor line to tbe eaves, to be three thick op-
Robt. Sta.nron, Wm. H. Draper, T. G posite the piers, and two feet six inches be.
Chewett, Jesse Ketchum, Thomas Silver- tween the piers.
'born." "End walls to be two feet eigbt inches
(The name of Mr. Chewett having been thick opposite the piers, and two feet two
throughout. interlined.) inches thick between the piers.
.. DIME:-iSIO
s.-The size of the l!Iaid church "Gable walls to be one foot six inches 'hick.
to be (exclusiv
of the projection of the The whole ùf the above walls above tbe
p!intb) one hundred and forty feet long ground-Hne are to be built on the outside
the body of the church by eighty feet wille. with regular course; King
t:m, hammered
The tower is to project,(beyond the one hun s\:one, and the inside wIth lake stont', all
dred and forty fe.et) nine feet six in, hes by well bedded an(1 bonded, and kept straight
twenty feet six inches square. and plumb.
" Excavations-The fOl1ndations for all the ,. '1 he i.Iside partition walls to be built of
exterior waJ1
to be excavated four feet deep brick, eighteen inches thick the first storey
below the ground line and of sufficient width and fourteen inches thi::k on the se_ond
for buildmg the walls. InterIor foundations storey.
to be e%cav!p.ted three feet below the ground .. W del' ta.ble-A cut stone water table to
line and of sufficient width for building the be put all around the building l!Iixteen inches
walls. thick, well weathered down from the face of
" Masonry -FouDdations of exterior walls wall, well tooled jointed and set
to be four feet below the ground line. I he " \Yindúws, etc.-The jambs, heads and
footings to the foundation of the tower to silIs of all the windows to be cut stone.
be four feet ten inches thick, and about ten .. The base moulding and cClrnice of the
inches high. from sail I foot in/! to ground liue pedestal of the tower,the recess for the clock,
four feet, six inches thick, and from ground the door sills and chimneys a.bove the roof
line to ground floor line four feet three all to be of cut atone, well dressed, cut fa.ir
inches thick. and !qua.re, well set and bedded and bonded
., SiJE' walls to have a f0Qting three feet into the walls in Q, pro! er manner. All this
ten inches thick, and a.bout ten iuches high I cut slone to be Burliugton stone.
from said footing to ground line,. three feet, .. \\ ing, walls and lardÍt
g-EIcavate for
six inches thick-from ground line to ground I the wing-walls, for step8 and landing, four
fl.o'1r li!le, three feet four inches thick. feet deep, the whole of the side of the wing.
.. The end walls to be three teet six inches walls to be Luilt In the same manner as 'he
thic';: at the footing, and from footin! to I wall!. of the buildings, four feet below the
ground Une tlwee feet t\
.o inches, thick: I grouud
inp., built up with stolle r';1bble work
from gr01
nd lme to ground floor hne to: to receive the lòtep;; an,1 landmgs, The
feet eleven inches thick. Partly formed I whule of these I!Iteps and landings to tP1e fi\"

choir wa.lls to be three feet below theground I entrances: 0 be of Kin..:ston cut stone, well
line, and from ground line to ground floor worked, the landiugs to be laid in regular
line fonr feet high aud two feet thick. Ten courses, well bedde(l and jointed.
piers for columns to be built three feet U Ph,stering--Tlte whol3 of th
pla.l!ltering
5quar
from foundation to floor line, to be done in good, three,coat work. and
and ten piers to be built for the the outsi(le wall.s of T,he boJy of the church
sleeper beams two fe
t square from founda- to be furred and la.thed, proppr cornices;
tion to floor line; 1\11 these foundation walls and entablature to bA worked and the niche
are to be built of good rnbb'e wOl"k of lake head of the communion recess to be panel-
stone to be laid on their natural beds aud led; la.thing and plasterin
of ceilingl!l, par-
wt'll bedded and bonded in good stroug titions, etc., to be of good, oouble, narrow-
mortar. split pine or cedar lath::;.

. Wal1s- The tower walli to be four feet .. Painting and glazing-All the painting
thick. trom the ground-floor-line to the top necessary for the imide of the church to b

of the entablature-' ht'n two sets-off to be three-coa.t work; the glazing to Le done in
malie at the top of the base of a ueat manner, \\ ell bedded with black
ped
stal of .six inches (ach; each putty. - _
lea\"mg the thICkness of the walls of th& U Carpentry-To prepare and fix four tIer
p.edestal three feet tl1Î
k, T.he tower to of sleeper beams, ten by sixteen mche!C', to
rIse one foot above the ndge ot the roof and I run lengthwi'le of the church, and to be well
the litone cornicE'. and bl-icking course above bc<lded. on the stoue piers built for that pur-

at, makin
the
ho.le height of the tower I . P?se and prepare and fix gr
)Un? floo
wall
,.
xty-two feet, SIX mches from the tioor piate
, two aud a half by eLht Inches,
hne. hedlied 0 I the waUs. Prepare and fix Ii.
.. Side walls to be thirty-
ix feet high from I good floor of joists, thr
e a.nd a half by

10:-:2

LAND
lARKS OF TOROþjTO.

fourteen inclws, and two feet from centre windows to b' circular heads, to be properly
to centre, and gained down to sleeper-beams, made and single hung-.two sma.ll windows
and bedded on the wall plate-all to to be made and fixe1 in the tower above the
be ,,'ell laid and level; prepare a sufficient roof with solid frames hung with butthillges
number of wood bbcks and bond,timber. and fastened with two bolts. Prep".re
for all the openings, where necessary for the and fix angle beads to all the windows to
fixing of a11 the joiners' work, and delivered receive the þlaster, jambs, as high as the
to the mason in time to be built in the springin
of the arch. And prepare alId fix
\\ aIls. )lakc and fix all the centl es ior the proper groundl!l for the plastering where
masons, and proper lintels for the apertures necessary throughout the building. Pre-
\\ here necp.ssary; prepare and fix ten pine parc and lay a one and a half inch batten
posts to be set on the oak templetl!l, well floor. wrought. grooved anù tone:ued aDd
btdded on stone pil!l'S, which said well nailed throughout the ground
p03ts are to run up and frame into t:le floor. And prepare and fix
pl'iccipal rafters; prepare and fix a tier of two goor;l l!Iubstantial stairca.es to
wal:-plaws for galleries, six by ten inches, lead to galleries; the steps to be tweJve in-
an\.1 to be well bedded on the "all. !'repa.re ches wide and ris . about six and a hali inche
,
proper timbers for the two sideR and end well blocked and framed carriages and done
gallery, and \Yell frame said timbers into in a substantial manner. Prepare aud fix
the principal'p(,st
and cocked on to the one, one and a half inches skirting, ten
wall.platt's, and filled in with joists framed inches deep throllghout where necelisary,
t\1'O feet from centre to centre. with a good, bold mouldillg; frame in and
" The roof to be framed with six pairs of fix proper beures and risors for the step.
principals and properly trussed, with King pings in the galleries tbrou
h-
and Queen posts, collar beam., etc., and to out; and prepare and lay a
be well framed and secured with iron, suit- one and a half inch floor, wrought,
able to th
size of the building, and to be grooved a.nd tongued throughout said gal-
covered with one inch and a qUl\rter inch leries, all well nailed and secured. Prepare
boards, squal"e jointed, and eighteen inch and fix stout rabbited door frames Do all
good pine shingles, laid four and a half the out8ide entrance. with t1'fo-and-a-half-
inches to the weather and p:J.inted with two inch doors, moulded both sides with good
coat da.rk color; good bolå moulding, hori- bold moulding and raised paneIal, finished
zontal and raking cOl'llices ; to prepare and with one and 0. half inch jamb lining and
properly fix to tilubers built in for that soffit to correspond with the door. and pro-
purpose, and the parapet to be portionable double faced architrave!>, and
of wood propel'ly prepared and fixed; put bold band mouldings finished on plinths;
two tier of oak beams in the tower, and two prepa.re o.nd fix a good proportionablefrontis-
beJInS in each tier, cocked on to the wall, piece to each of the aide doors, and a
plates of oak also framed at the an 'tIes. A suitable iron rim'd lock with brass knobs
floor of joists with one and a half inches put on each, and to be properly hun
with
rough floor, laid on the top tier of the said suitablc hinges. The principal entrance
beams. Twelve windows to be made doors to be made folding; thl' centre doors
and fixed in the two sides and west between the tower anù centre ailile to be
end of the church, with prop
r boxed made folding also, and the whole of the
frames and sunk sills; two inch inside doors to be two-inch framed pa.nelled
sashes, franked and donelled, to be made in I and moulded, :jamb linings and soffit
three heights; and the top and bottom to correspond, and the finishi
gs
sashes to be hun!! with iron weights, brass I all to be the same. The four ll1'
pullies, an,l patent lines; to be eight squares side doors at the east end to h,Lve a seven
wide and twelve hiuh to the springing, ten. inch lock on each,and the three doors at the
by fourteen glass, with circular heads-all other end to have a door-spring and handle
properly wrought and the frames well bediled on each. Prepare and fix proper ribs for
III the walls, A circular headed window to the centre ecliptic ::ei.ling, and .lso over the
be made and fix,"d in the communion recess Sald c:allery, twelve ip.ches apart, to rl"
with mullion transom r iÌI, sunk ceive the lathing; fl'ame and fix a stud-
and mouled pilaster, proprr boxed ded partition to form a proper curve
frame and sunk sill, two for the communion recess, Prepare o.nd fix
inch sashes properly made twelve squares proper ribs from top of the said partition to
hiJth and nine do. wide, eleven by fifteen form the niche-head and ribs for the panel.
inch (Tlass, the top sa.sh in tht' centre part to ling of the same to be got to it True curye
be hung same as the other sashes. The four and put up in a proper manner a platform
y:indows east end to be twenty four hci
h ts, to be mised in the said recess, with two
each ten by twelve glass; the upper two mould steps in front o.nd a tioor laid through-

LA
n
L\RKS OF TORONTO.

1 o;
;

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'O():>
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I
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II II II
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o - '" f\)

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;

l'LAI' lW G.\J.L1-'l.Y OF
1'. J,\:'\lI-:S' c.\TIll
\)R.\L-1831-3!).

1034

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

eut. Prepare and fix a pulpit, neatly fram- at the Grange. His widow afterwards gave
ed and panelled and moulded, supported the land upon which the Anglican church of
by Ionic columns with carved capitals St. Geor
e's was built, and of which church
and moulded bases, and geometrica.l }-.is grandson, the Rev. J. D'Arcy Cayley, is
staircase, moulded hal1Gr.t.il, to be fitted up now the rector, while his great grandson,
with walnut and fini
hed in a neat, work- the Rev. Professor Cayley, i. one of the
Ir-anlike manner and well secured. The .. Dons" at Trini!.y UnÍ\<ersity.
readine desk and clerk's ditto to be framed Robert Stanton was the Queen's printer, a.
and pan
lled with walnut ILnd corres- man '" hose character was of the higllf'st.
pond to the pulpit o.n,l nn:.shed in a neat William Henry Dra.per was the Chief Jus-
manner. l'repa.re and fix 10 Ionic column tice. His bust in marble now a.dorns the
properly
lued up,of sufficient thicknes!!!.and interior of the buiBiu'! which has succeeded
well blacked, properly wrought and àimm' the one he assisted tö build James Grant
ished each to ha'"c proper ca.rTed capitals; Chewett was a prominent Go\'ermncnt offi-
two half ones side!!! of communion cial in the Surveyor-Generbh:l department.
io have lß')ulded bases; and prepare and put; I a son of Lieutenant-Colonel Chewett, of the
up two small columns under the end callery 3rd York Militia. His name, with that of
to be wrought solid and to be finished in tìle his father, was appended '0 the address of
same style as the large ones. Prepare and welcome presented to Lieutenant-Governor
fix 30 moulded plancit'r over top of large Gore when he re-assumed thp. reins of power
colu:llns to be continued round the build- in Upp(:r Canada after the war of 1812. r

ing; and prepare and fix prop
r braeket- is not necessary to say who George Duggan
ing for the plast
r entablature over was, he and hIS doings an
so well known to
the same, and prepare and fix a framed anlÌ -:'"ery one. Many even of those of the
panelled plancler round under the gallery younger generation can remember him. Ii
beams; and put a proportional entabt\tl1re he was somewhat eccentric he was exceeù.
all round the bottom of the gall
ry front; ingly kind-hearted, and has left many pl
a.
prepare and put up
he gall
ry fronts of saut memories
walnut, about two feet nine inches hiJ!h, The next ll1rf'e n'l.mes, those oÎ John
framed, panelled and moulded wIth Ritchey, Jesse Ketchum and Thomas Silver-
a neat cornice to be continued f(Julld thorn, are all well known The 1Ïrst namell
the side and end galleries; fit up erected many of the earlii:!r huildings in
the gallery pews to correspond to the Toronto, and his name is commemorated by
hei
ht of the fronts; the outside framin
Ris;chey's 'l'erl'ace on Adelaide street. Jesse
&nd doors next to the aisles to be framed, Ketchum was Jesse Ketchum, a man ,
lIi
panelled and moulded of one and a quarter gen
)"i,
, to slightly alter the words of the
inch walnut; the backs and partition!!!, etc., poet,
to be framed anll panelled of one and a .. Each morning saw some t:<øk begun,
half lDch pme, finished with seat. Look- Each evening saw It done.'
board, ete . and walnut cappings, and the Thomas Silverthorn was a. prominent agri-
doors to be hung with japauncd, projecting culturist, many of whose descenùants are
hinges. A platform to be fr1
,med for organ- still in the neighborhood ot Toronto. He
loft. enclosed with proper doors, etc., with a was an out anti out Tory, and a most un-
lock on ea.ch, prepare aud fit up the whole of compromising churchman.
the lower pews, the outside framing amI There is little more to ad(l to the for('-
doors, etc" next to the aisle to be framed,
oing reminiscences; it is not a history of
panelled and moulded of one and a half the congregation that assembled in :-:t.
inch walnut, the bal:ks and partition!, etc" James' and their doings that is bein!! writ-
10 be framed and panelled ot one and a ten, but of the building itself and of those
half inch pine, finished with seat. hook- concerneù in erecting it. For rather more
board., etc.. and l';alnut cappillgs; the than cight Yt'ars this, the second St. James',
doors to he all well fitted and hung with WI\S in use when the end came.
ja.panned, projecting hinJ:es. And all to be About 8:30 on January 5th, 1839, a dense-
finished in a good and proper manner, and ac- volume of smoke was seen issumg from one
cording to the true .pirit a.nd mea.ning of or the chimn
ys of the church. Shortly
the aforesaiå agreell1eDt,plans a.nd specifica- atter the flames burst through the roor
tlOns, whether anything shah h&\"e lJeen and quickly spl'el\d their devast.tin

emitted, either in the said agreement- or ravaßes throughout tbe sacred pile, The
lpecifications or plan!!." rest of the story will be best told in the
The nawes of the various parties to the following extract from a private leU. . writ-
contnct are all "as familißr a!!! household ten at t.he time describing the occurrence :-
'Words" to old Torontonians. D' Arcy Eonl- .. The appearance was both awful am1
t,Qa ..&8 son of Jud2e Boulton, and resided sublime as the flames cauL!ht the villa.rs and

"ILLIA:\I IIIU.LI\\ELL.

(op. ltI3."J.,

1O:

LA
D
lARKS OF TORONTO.

When
lr. and
lrs. HeIliweH settled in
Canada. their familv consisted of five sons,
Thomas, John,Jos;ph, \\ïlliam and Charles,
and two d
ughters, Betty, afterwards mar
ried to John Eastwood, anJ.
ll\ry, who be-
came the wife of Colin Skinner.
The first place in Canada. at which
he
Helliwel1s resided was Lur.dy's Lane, There
th
y remained four months, when they rc-
moved to John!!on's Corner, now Drum-
monJ.ville, for the purpose of keeping a
blore.
But before reaching Lundy's Lane ana
a:ter leaving Liverpool
he Helliwells had
much to endure and no small amount of
hard
hip to undergo. '] hcy sailed from
Liverpool in tile ship Abeona, belonging to
Portland in the State of .\laine, U, S. A., in
June, 1818.
Coming out of port thp. captain of the
51 ip and the pi ot disagreed. and through
the neglect of one of them, or possibly of
both, the ship ran aground in the .àJer-
sey, a.nd as the
ide went out was
left high and dry. She was at last got off;
Kt'mlnlscences or 0:1.. of Toronto'
Oltlf"d but was found to be makin
water very
Senler... -Ih
Early U:IY". EdlU':IUou :\1111 quickly. Her crew were greatly a.larmed
't'aried Experieut:e-:tlcn be lIu8 Klun' u. and refu!!led to proceed, so that there was
William Helliwell, the suLject' of this nothing for the captain to do but put back
sketch, was born in 1811, a.t Todmorrlen, to Liverpool, which he did, the vessel's
Yorkshire, England, and wail in the same pump.;; being kept constantly at work.
year b!lptiaed in the Cro
s Ston
Parish _o\.t Liverpool they remained for three
Churcb. days to effect repaÏl's, then again set sail for
He was the aon of 'Ihomas Helliwell, who New York, which after a voyage extending
married in the early days of the present over six \\ eeks wa!o!lL last reached. Here,
centurv 0. Miss Lord, from the same county however, fresh troublel!l beset them, as the
in England a.s himself. Hoth the father and captain of the ship failed to fulfil a portion
mother of \Vi!lihlfi Helliwell I elonged to of hib enga.gements with hi" passengers. Of
families who were dcpenJ.ent for their living these th" whole of them, with one singl

upon the hand loom cotton trade. \nlen exception, were eniÏgral1ts. It is to bt:
power looms came into general use, just as feareJ. that the solitary cabin pa.s.;;ellger must
the French Treatv of 1860 destroyed the h,l.\"e ha.d anything but a lh'ely time.
Coventry ribbon trade, so did thefr intro- Many of the Abeona's passeng
rs, lDstead
duction ruin the hand workers in the cotton of at once resunllng tileir journey
districtø. to their destinations either in
WhtJn Tho" as Helliwel1 left the old Canada or the United States,
country, John Fielding, subsequently one of rema.ineù in New York for the purpose of
the cotton lords of England, bought his I taking legal proceedings a
ainst the captain,
premises and they afterwards formed a pd.rt but the Helliw
l1s did nothing of the kind.
of the extensin plemises occupied by the They obta.ined Rsmall boat from the captain.
Fieldings into it put them elves and thf!ir goods and
The law of England at the time of the de- soon landtJd at Pertham Bay, N. Y. From
parture of Mr. Helli\vell from his birth. there they sailed to Albany and from thence
place prohibitell the emigrd.tion of manu- to
chenectadr. From the latter place
facturers, so it was necessary for him to they shipped in Durham boats for OS\\ ego
leave En,la.nd without any announct-ment and reacheJ. that port after a tiresome
of his intention, and this he did, I!ailing I journey of several days' duration.
from Sunderland on the northeastern coast" \\'
1Île on the:r jonrm
y trom Schenectady
his family following him a fp-w weeks later to Oswcao, when ev
n ng approa.ched the
trom Liverpool. Thomas, his eldest Mn, boat ha.lted and was moored fast 10r the
roweve , remained s
me
onths later than lllght, the whole of its oC'cupan5s camping
the rest ot the family In order to finallv on the river bank.
wind up his tdother's aft'airs in Engla1!d.
After a VE:ry brief re:>t at 03we
0 the

the
allerie8. There were but few things
saved from the devouring element. which
con!.H1ueù its devastating courRe until it
lt'ft the bare walls a sad and fri!i(htful spec-
ta.cle of this grievous calamity.
" All classes of the people vied with each
other to assist in saving the edifice from
destruction, but their labors were unavail-
ing. The number of sp
etators was im-
mense. The milit.ia mainta.ined excellent
order by their admirable management in
keeping the roads open for the supply d
water. The IOSi of the organ was deeply
and bitterly deplored. The building was
insured for $30,000."
The church was at once re-bl1ilt, but was
again desL!"oyed by fire in 18..!Ç) , and re
pìa.ced by the present structure two years
later, re,arising like the fa.bled Phænix from
its own a!!lhes.

CHAPTEH. CCLX\-III.
A UANADIAN PIONEER.

1036

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

lIelliwells shipped for L
wisto:l, which was m'-'lId made was a just one and it was duly

afely reached after a very stormy pas- se tleå,
i>t!gl'. At LeWibtOll they were met hy Mr" ÍlJanyof WilHam Helliwell's reminiscences
l';a.stwood, who cros:;;ed with them to are most interesting-. When he tirst "'ent

ueellst01\, from whence they went to with his father to the Don Valley, wolves,
Lundy's Lane. It was getting towards the bears, wildcats, a.nd other species of wild
la.tter end ot August, anå 1\11', WIlliam animals were to be found in plenty 8-t almost
Helliwell relates how greatly interested he the very doors of the mill. He CI\'1 remem-
was in all he saw, and how \\ ell he recol- I bel' how Indians, lJelougillg to the l\bssassaga
lept!! the da.y. One circumstance he vIvidly tribe, encamped on the banks of the Don so
remember;" and that i::s that there was at near its mouth as where Taylor's pap l' mill
the time a wild beafilt exhibition whICh con. is, for the purpose of fishing aud hunting,
sisteJ of oue sin
le elephant, and that people as recently as 1
31 or 1832.
had come from miles around to see it. As a yúuna- man he often drove to Toronto

Iore than prohabiy there were some other or York, as it then was named, in early
exhibits of a 1
l!Is sensational kind, but the morning, sometimes accommodating with a
elephant comprised the i,how's only real at- scat beside him in his light waggon
traction. a lad not so very much his junior, who
\\ il1iam IIelliwell, as øCOll M his fat,her has since achieved Jlstinction as a teacher
Ila-d got faïrly settled in this country, was and historian, then a pupil at Dr. Strachan's
eent to II. school at Drummonå Hill, lõchool, the venerø.ble Henry Scadding.
one and a half miles distant from the :If'alls Among notable people whom Mr. HeUi-
of Niagara, kEpt by ...n American well has met and conversed with,as they at
named Cus
ck. The school is still carried various timeb visited the brewery, Were Sir
on in 189
, a.lthough not in the same build- R
regrine and Lady 8amh .M
tland, the
ing, and it is almost needless to add Mr. former of whom was Lieutenant Governor
Ilelliwell'ø fOI'mer preceptor has for a. 10lJg of the province amI the latter his wife, The
time pa
t bt"en among the large number of spot must often have served to remind Lady
.. men he has known" in his prolonged and Sarah of her English home, Goodwood. the
usefulliÍe. Duke of Richn,ond's residence, as she looked
Thoma.s HelIiwdl co:llinued to reside at upon the hil!!. d.nd valleys, then covered
Lundy's Lane until 1820 when he purchased with trees clo: bed in luxurious foliage,
(from li. man in Niagara, the representativt\ which were to be seen from the brewery,
of the owner. who was supposed to have while the ri\'er in the distance surely yet
been killed in action at the ba.ttle of Chip- noiselessly made its way to the lake be,
pewa) lot 7, 1st concessIOn
carboro'. and yond.
there removed with his entire fø.mily. Besides these, though,at a latel' date,came

lr, Helliwell built 0'1 tbe L'\nks of the Sir John Coiborne and his miJitarysecretary,
Don, near York, in 1820 a brewery and Colonel Rowan, often accompanied on borse-
dlstíllery, and there carrif:ù on business un. back by a party of ladies. The Bishop of
tit his death in 1823. Whcn that occurred Toronto and his sometime pupil and life-
hi,; widcw and sons contmuf'd both COll- long friend, Sir John Beverley Robinson, oc-
cerns until 1840, when Mrs. HelliweU reo casionaliy called a.t th
brew
ry and partook
tireJ from u.Jl active pan in the business. of a glass of the ale brewed there, a.s they
She died in 1843. Upon her decease the chatted to William Helliwell at the door.
firm bccame Thomas Heiliwcll & 13ros, and Mr. Helliwell knew others whose very
rema.ined so until 1847, when a dissolution :-tames even are almost fOl"gol ten, who were
of partnership took place. nevertheless nota.ble in tlllár day. He knew
William Helliwell when this took place I and well re
embers Hugh Christopher
bought from the Clergy Reser\'e
lot 8 1st Thomson, of Kingston, who was propridor
conces-ion Scarboro', I'tituated at the Hi.:h. and editor of a newspaper pub1ished in that
land Creek, wheIe he has resided ever since, city sixty year", since, besides being a mem-
Ko IòOOnE'r, however, was the pnrchase effect- ber of the Provincial Parliamcnt for Fron-
cd than Mr. Helliwell found that there w
:,
tenac. he knew David Thomson and his
two people who had an honest cla.im upon 'Wife, of the la.tter of whom it is recorded on
the estate. Thebe were the late Colonel the tombstone in the Sca.rboro' church,'ard
E. \V. Thomson and \Yilliam Cornell as reo that" She was the Mother of Scarboro'."
pre::ientati,'e" of Parshall Terry, whQ had :Many
f the ha.rd
hip3 .Mr". Thomson
n-
been drowned in the Don many dured now nearly a century sincc, when she
years prp':iou8Iy. E \\. Tholllson was a. son- and her husband first went to S( arboro',
ill-law of Par!!Ìlall Terry aud \VilIiam have been rela.ted by her persono.lly to Mr.
Cornell had marriNI his widow. HI'-Wenl', Helliwell.
:,11', Helliwell satisfied hirmdf that tho de. He has conversed with \\ïlliam Allan.

LAXD
IARKS OF TOROKTO.

1037

who was a Tory among Tories, and also with I TORONTO
n!COE A
D HURON
William Lyon
Iac,enzie, who was the vel'y RAILROAD UNIOX CO\IPANY.
reverse. He was acquaint
d with meh of I U::SIO:>; OF INTERJ.:..,TS
such direC'tly op osite opinions as Dr, Holph -Capital $,J,OOO,UOO.
amI Chief Justices Draper and Ha erman. An extensive Canadian R:1ilroad Union
Alexander and Joseph Dixon and Ueorge 'I"irage. Founded upon the prmciples of the
GmnEtt, all bygone Toronto worthies Art Unions of England,specially authorized
(though so lon
Slllce that they and their by an Act or the Provincial Parliament,12th
doing>! are now but a faint memory) were alII Vic., cap. 199, and sanction çd by the Royal
well. known to him. I assent of Her :Majei!ty in PrÌ\-y Council.
Resides the
e the three brothers, John, J1tly 30th, lS!lJ.
WilHam and ClarKe Ga.mbl e, the latter of I Containing $2,000,000 in stock, in various
whom .done .survi,-es, John Henry Dunn, aIlotments of $100,000-$40,000-$20,000
Thomas Gibhs Ridout, Dr. \\ïàmer, {;01.: 810.000- 82,000-$1,000 etc.
Fitzgibbon, \Yilliam Henry Boulton and The proceeds to be applied \.0 cons
ruct a
George Gooderham were amûng his ac- Railroad from T01'Onto to Lake Huron,
quai,.tances. They have long ye'1.1'S ago touching at Holland La.nding and Barrie.
juined the great and silent majority and yet To be publicly drawn at the City HaU,

1r. HelliweU is still here hale and vigorom:. Torontu, uJ.;.der the superintendence of
At the time of the rebellion, in the Directors 'Ipecially authorized by the Act of
yea.r 183ï, W iIliam He lli well was gazetted Incorporation, consisting of th
folIo \\' ing
to a ca.ptaincy in the 1st Regiment, gentlemeJl. viz:
Korth York Militia., Colonel Cameron Leing F. C. CAPREUL,HoN. HENRY JOHS COULTON
commanding officer. He is now of all thë
1. P., JOHN HIBHERT, ROBERT EASTON
offi
ers in the regiment the only sur vi, or. BURKS,JI'SEPH Ct'l<.RAN MORRISON,M, P. P.
.\lr. Ee1liwell has been twice married and CHARLES BERCZY, JOSJ<:PH DAYIS RIDOUT,
has a large family of sons anù daughters. GEORGJ<: .BAhRow, AI.BERT :FURNISS, BEN-
He is famous for his nospitality, for hi::! kiud- JAMI
HOLMES. M. P. P.
heartedness aud his never-failing fund of BANKERS-COlII'\IERClAL BANK, M. D" TO-
anecdotes and dry humour. He wa
ap- I ROXTO,AND ITS Y ARIOCS BRAXCHES IN CANADA.
pointed overseer of 1! isheries for the County Every number tu be drawn and each Dum-
of York sixteen years ago and still hoilis ber to have its fa.tc decided in accordance
that position with credit to himself and the with the plan directed by the Act of In-
county. It is to be hoped he may be long corporation.
spared in health and s rength to discharge Fourteen day,,' public notice to be given
it& duties. . previous to day of drawing,
J!'. C. CAPREOL,
Manager, a,Ppointe l by Board of Directors.

CHA PTER CCLXIX.
AN OLD LOTTERY SCHEME,

Tht' Prope..al to Babe Funds for the (;on-
sf.'uction of Lite '1ol'onto, Simcoe :u..1
Duron RaUwu). I
In the days of 1849 it was legal to hold
lotterit's under an act of the Canadi!illl'arlii
-
ment which recei\"ed the Royal assent in
1849 In England this principle of raising
money had been a.dopted in conn' ction with
th(' art unions, amI the idea was imported
to Canada. with the view of raisin
money
for the building of the Northern Railway,
or, as it was then known, the Toronto,

imcoe a.nd Hurun Railway,
One of the old prospectuses ot this scheme
has turned up, and a.lthough the proposal to
raise funds in this mannl'r never materialized
the document is unique and worthy of re:
production.
The gentlemen who were promoters of the
scheme were all promitlent. citizen" of To-
ronto. The word "tirap;t::" 8igllifies .. draw-
ing," or, in other worùs, a lottery.

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1038

LA
D
IARKS OF TORONTO.

Contributions
20 each; ha.hes and qual'- day and 80 general illumination of the town
tet's in pNportion. 8
rip will be issued for at night.
allotments within 40 days after the dra\v- Mr. \Vm, Hdliwell. ot Highland Creek,
ing, on payment of 12 pe
cent. thereon, in one of the f
w spcctakrs left, in talking of
compliance with the provisions of the Act of the eve:.t says :-The. market then was a
Incorporation. square, with the butchers' stalls facing this
This grand and important plan is p
rticu- square. TherF. was a large gate or entr"nce
larly deserving of attention from every class on King street, Front street and East and
of the community in Canada and v rious \Yest :Market street!!, the centre of the
p:trts of the United States, whether directly square being occupied by the farmers.
interested in railroads or not, It ha.s been To carry out the celebration, several ta.bl.::s
pt ojected as a great public ad vantage, that were placed in this square or court. 'J he
of opening a railway communication across butcÞers stalls were vacated, decorated with
the Peninsula to the Far \Yest, in connec- evergreens, and converted into booths, where
tton with the lines now finished from New tea, coffee, etc., were served to the citizens.
y"rk and Boston to Oswego, thus renllering The tables were loaded with all kind& of
the northern route by Toronto to the \Yest- eatables, beef, mutton pudding, pies, etc.
ern States sÌlortet' than any other by several contributed by the people, the 11103t noticca-
hundt'ed mil"s, the dil>tance across the ble gift beino{ 0. huge plum pudding, fur-
peninsuh\ heing' only abont 8û miles, thus nished by Chas. Daly, who was then clerk
avoiding the circuitous and dangerous route of the Council This pudding weighed over
by Lake Erie and the southern shore of Lake 1\ hundred pounds, anå was two days 111
H nron. boiling, and turnell out most sa.tisfactory.
It is presumed that when this line of rail- There was also an entire ox roasted, tbe
way is finished it will be the best paying cooking being òone in the basement of
atock in North I< merica. Judge Sherwood's house, which stood then
Applications for tickets (enclosing remit- where the Boa d of Trade building now
tances) to be a.ddressed, post paid, to stands, on the corner (f Y onge and Front
F. C. CAPREOI., ,\1 fLOager. streets. The Sherwood house had been
Union Tirage Hall, Toronto, Dec. 1st, 1849. pulled down some months bdore, and \\ hat
)11'. F. ('. Capreol, the manager of remained of the basement was used as a
the enterprise, was the projector of kitchen to rout the ox. On coronation day
the Northern Railway, an enterprise that the ox was well cooked II.nrl placed on a
has brought millions of tons of freight and a I sledge, which was drawn by four horse8,
myriad of passengers to the city SlDce ita gaily decorated, and driven by a prominent
ûpeníug. citizen, noted for his loyalty,
I r. James
TORONTO, October 8th, 18.,1. Brown, the wharfinger. On arrivÍng at the
The ceremony of "turning the first sod" Front street entrance of the market the four
of the Ontario, Simcoe &; Huron Railroad gates were simult:l.neously opened, and two
being appointed to take place on ,vednes military bands, sta.tioned ou the bal-
day next, the 15th inst., in the presence of conies, o\crlookillg the squarf', struck up
his Excellencv the Governor-General, tbe "The Boast l
eef of Old .England,' wheñ
Countess of Elgin, and other distinguished the expectant crowd ma.rched in and the
personages, the civic authorities of the city I good things provided werest"n'ed by Mes
rs.
of Toronto and the contractors and dil ec, George Percìval Ridout, Thomas D. Harria
tors of the road have decided upon cele- and other gentlemen of the town. Every
brating tha;; important event; they there- one contributed bis mite, The hardwélol'<,
fore request the honor of your company at stores lent knives, forks ani! spoons; the
a procession and other intended ceremonies crockery stores plates and dishes; beer was
on that auspicious occasion. supplied by the Messrs. H elliwell J and it is
Committee
f {
:
::

E:
A'derman.

:
i

;h :
:'r;;:
es
;:s f

:' toH:

iwae

Invitation, GEORGE BARROW. drink a.s they pleased .here was no abuse of
the pri vilege. In tbe- evening there \\ ere
fìrework& 8.nd a general l11uml11ation, and
every window in the town cl.nd its suburbs
had a light of some kind. The festi,'ities
were kept up to an early hour of the morn-
ing, & day of rejoicing, without acciJel1t.
that will be remembered by mauy of Ollr
citizens whe lu"e still to the fore,

CHAPTEH. CCLXX.

A 1:t"ßliailC'ence or tile Old Mark
t 8qnnre.
Fifty-seven years ago, (,n the occasion of
the coronation of Queen Victoria, it was
resolved by several prominent citizen!! of
Toronto, to have a. public teast, during the

LAND
JARKS OF TORONTO.

1039

CHAPTER CCLXXI.
OLD NEWSPAPERS.

Tbe .'ilt.s in 'lie Library at OUa"'&'
There are \"
!'y ff3.\' comple'e files of old
newspapers in any of the librarie.8 of the
Do,ninion. The Parliamentary lIbrary at
Ottawa has a complete file of the Quebec
Gazette, and in the Ontario libral

there is a
partial file of .\loutreal papers. .1 h
follo,
-
iug is a list of the newspapers published 10
Upper Canada, now in the newspaper room
of the librarv at Ottawa:
'I he Ckrisiian Recorder, for one year, from

larcb, 1819, to February, 1820.
The Cbrch. a weekly paper devoted to
th", Church of England in the provinces of
Upper and Lower Canada; folio volume
3
(1839) to 17 (1854); published at Cobourg
until 1846 and afterwards at Toronto.
The Monthly Review, devoted to the Civil
l-;overnment of Canada, from J3.nuary to
Ju'y, 1841. See Hodgins' Life of Dr. Ryer-
S911. p. 265
The Kingston Chronicle and Gazette, from
July, 1840, to .June, 1842; 2 vols.
The British Colonist, publishell at Toronto,
by Huah Scobie from Februa.ry, 1838, to
January 1854 BOl.lnd ill 15 vols. The
first two'issues appeared under the title of
.. The ScotsméLn." iii was afterwards
ch-.'\nged to the " British Colonist. II
') hs Packet, published at By town (C, W,)
now Ottawa., by Mr. Ha.rris (1854), Begins
wIth v.ol. III an.! ends with TOI. 6.
The Ottawa. Tribitne, pnblished at Hy-
tOWIl (Ottawa). From first issue, July 23.
183-1, to April 25, 1862.
The únion, published at Ottawa. No. 1
of vol. 2, March 30, 1859. vols. 2, 3, 4,
complete np to March 12, 1862.
Canadian A grlculturist. published at To-
ronto ; vols. 1 to 15, 1849 to 1863.
York Almanac and Royal Calendar of
U. C, for the year 18"25 York, 1824.
Toronto Alma.nac and Royal Cil.le
dar of
Upper Canada. for the year 1839.

A. I.oq Los& '1'.t
h.

lr. WIIa. Helliwell, of Highland Creek,
relates an incid nt of nearly seventy years
ago, connect.t'-d with the stiory cf a watch
that was lost for fifteen years. 1\] rs, Smith,
the wif
of old Uncle John Smith. now gone
to his rest, lived at the oid homesteJ.d on the
east side of the Don, in a house that was
recently torn down. On one occasion Mrs.
Smith had to come to the town of York to
transact business and put up a.t the Sher-
l.ourne House, 011 Kin
street east, neat.
Caroline street (Sherbourne), which was

k
pt by a Mr, De Forest. Mrs. S. had
with her many pounds in Hank of England
notes, a gold watch and chain, and other
valuables. DurillY hel' absence from the
house the money and valuables were s1;olen.
Search Y',"8 made, but no trace of the pro-
perty could be found. Twel,"e or fifteen
years a.fterwards, when Parliament street
was opened. the Helliwell Company. who
were distiJlers and general denIers, owned
the Don Mills roa.d Their carts and wag-
gons used to travei from the city up Parha-
nlent stree', pa.rt of which wa.s planked.
The St, James' cathedral l,uilder owned
part of the road, and joined with the Helli-
wp-lls a.nd Dlanked part of the road, and. the
Helliwells' tllen sold the debentures a.t 95
to raise money for that purpose. In open-
ing the road there were many places where
t.h.:y dug dpep cuttings. One day a teamster
in the employ of Taylor Bros., driving up
the road, saw a place where,
pparently, a
cow had torn away the earth from the side
of the plank. Th
man fancied that he saw
a gold watch or cas.. lying on d:e e!l.rth He
could not leave his horses going np the hil!,
but when he came back that way he got
down from hi
waggon and pickf3d up a
gold wa.tch, which proved to be that \\ hich
had been lost fifteen years before. The notes
were never found, although a lot of the
jewellery was a.fterwards discovered.

A Lon
Drive.
:\1r. \Ym. HelliwelJ, of Highland Creek.
states that "on 1', ading the account (f the
old Coffin building on Front stnet and
h.
\YeHer s sta,ges, on episode in connection
with the latter is brought to my mind. It
was the conve-yance by Mr. Weller of Sir
Púulet Thompson (afte. wards Lord Syden
ham, who died in Kingston), the UC\vernor-
General, from 'l'oront(\ to Montreal. This
service was performed at a speed almost
equal to that of the raIlway, belDg done at
6tteen 111iles an hour from start to finish,
Mr. Weller had a sleigh fittt.d up with a bed
in it for the accommodation of the Governor-
General \\' eller lâmself took the box and
reins. For t.his service he reçeived $400.
and the Governor also made him a pre-
sent of a geM watcb.
1 r, \Veller had made
arrangements flil.r the change of horses at
short diEtances åll along tàe road, and these
changes were waiting ready harnessed at
stated places. The Ì10rses were kept always
at full speed. Mr. \\ elIer and the Uo'"er-
nor were the only occupants of the sleigh
until the former beca,Tle so exhausted that
he could no lon
er hold the rein
, when he
took a driver with him, but he retnined his
seat on the box to the end of the joul'l1ey."

1010

.

LA
D
IARKS OF TORO
TO.

Tile ](en,1U'rs'
:nnes-Son'e l
amous 1'1101-
dlt'r!i--:-\Vonclt"rfnl AU"nlpts at .'octry-
Amus'n
.'-lI"'ilolis nnd ItcluluhcCIICe!!l,
\Vho is there that has not lauahed over
the proceedings of the far-famed "'Pjckwick
Club and the subsequent doings of its
famous members1 But while people have
laughed, they have at the same time snid The president appeared anon,
to themselves that such ridiculous scenes as Not driving his turn out
deiineated by Dickens could never have The cause of which phenomenon
happened in real life. 'Vell, possibly some 'Vas subject to much doubt.
of them could not, though that is doubtful, "'hat was the cause, I cannot say,
&s prûbably will be conceded by thosf\ I never could find out.
readers who per
se the f
llowing account of His team was driven on that da.
the three years proceedlllgs of the once By Norah Creina.-" Youna.é "
fam us but now all but forgotten Tandem '" oot.

luh: I
:ñe next half dozen verses describe tho
. 1.'hls club was formed as i
partly implied by other drivers and their sleigh&, and then in

ts name, for the purpose of enJoying sleigh- J one '...erse he thus very modestlv reters to
lUg an,d encouraying and developlllg the ac- himself: -
complIshment of tandem driving by its mem

bel's. The latter were for the most part The last (I'm modest, a.s you know)
officers drawn from the various reaiments of Beats you, 1 think, all hollow'
infantry stationed in TorC'nto, th
ugh there I will not further praise it now"':
Were a. few other!! \\ ho were members of To- Its nam" is Faugh a. BaHagh,
ronio society and not of the l
arrison. The '" .
club was organizeù in 1810, and was com- I.t I
mter.estmg to l
arn from the gallant
posed of the following members:- maJor s poetical narrative that
Lieutenant-Colonel \Yingfield and Major U During the drive no corpse was ma.de
:M.arkham
. (Faugh-a-Ballagh), Cap_ain And nought occurred particular. JJ '
Brooke (Erl1l-go-Bragh). Captain Osborne
Markham (Ursa Minor), Lieut. Dickson And that at the close they all adjourned at
(Nora Creina), all of the 32nd Regiment, Osgoode Hall (then used as barracks). The
Lieut.-Col.
cRean, R.A,. (The Governor), VIce president concluded thus:
Capt. HollIday, 93rd Highlanders (the
Cobra), Lieut, Colville, 85th Rea iment
\ Hirondelle), Lieut. Bamford, 73rd Regi-
ment (l'ally Ho), Capt'lin Arthnr, A.
D,C..
(1he Age), Lieut, Domville, A. D.C.,
(Lïnconnu), and Capt. Stmchan (The
Rivals)' The names in bracke1is are those
by which each members' sleigh was known.
There were no particular rules bind-

ng upon the club excepting that
Its mtmbers should meet as often
as_ the sleighing and military duties per-
mitted, and that after each drive the
drivers sho
ld dirle tog
ther in the evening.
A new PresIdent and V Ice President wt:re
named at each successive trathering anù
after dinner it was the duty of the lat tel' to
recount in verse the adventures of the club
at their preceding drive, it may have been a
week or perhaps only a few days earlier.
The first drive of the season took place OD
Tuesday, December 24th, 1839. The mem-

:I!I dulY.dined together at night, but on
tms occa
lOn th.ere was no poetry. That
was resen-ed for 0. week later: when after
their drive the members (Hnf:d together under

CHAP fER CCLXXII.
THE MILITARV TAND:::M CLUB.

th.e Pres
dency of Captain Arthur, A. D. C.,
'
Ith :MaJ,or Ma.rkham, 32n I Regiment, a

VICe, pre
llient. The Major thus descri bea
the previous week's experiellce
:
The SIIOW was ùeep, the weather fair,
And brightly shone the sun;
And everyone was readv there
To start at hali-past one.

Success attend us, and conduce
To make our winter gay,
And may our club the seeds produce
Of many a happy day.

n. of t
o thi?gs must
ave happaned after
thl8 meetIng-EIther mIlitary duties were
extremely onerous or there was no sleigh!ng
probably the latter, for the club did not
m.eet again until January 21st, 1840, when
Lu:ut.. Bamfor
, 73rd Regiment, presided,
ana LIeut. ColvIlle, of the 85th, was in the
vice - chair. Judging from the latter's
rhymes, the clnb, at their preceding drive,
must have had" . high old time. II Among
other trifling ad ventures, such as one of the
leaders trying to kick the horse Ïn the
shafts, and finally getting loose and runninO'

way,. another tur
ing round and looking
liS drIver pleasant.y in the face and finally
one team-that driven by the vice president
hi!llse1f-conducting itself thus'upoñ en*ering
Kmg street:-
And here the Vice's horses l!Ieed
Some sight which maùe them canter.

LAXDMARKSOFTORONl.

lOH

This canter soon a gallop grew,
The d1'iver pulls in vain.
And Marie helps, in hopes that two
-'light pull up horses twa.in.
But useless is the pains they take,
The hor
es will not stop;
Across the road their way they make
To vis1t Rowsell's sLop.
Poor Colonel \Y elb's sleigh was there,
Just in the road it stood ;
So he must their diversion share,
Or cut in haste his wood.
The Colonel stands, and into he
The furious horses dash ;
Right seldom do sÞectators see
,",0 elegant a smash.
After this slight" incident" in the day's
proceedings the club had a IUDch which we
learn included a dozen of champagne, (it is
to be hoped the ill used Mr. Row;;ell and
Colonel \Yells were invited to join in the
f{,stivities,) and then started to return to
the1r barracks, but the day's fun was not
all over even then, for another te.l.JU ran
away and eveutually brought the sleigh
they \\-ere drawing to unutterlloble grief
against. a lamp post,. The end of the årive
was a.s is thus rhymingly related :-

ow wending home, we thought that all
Ad,'entures were past uver,
When :\i:Jjor Markham had a fall,
The club's retreat to cover. I J
And so long live our noble Queen
And seuù her children twenty ;
To flourish on old England's scene,
In constant peace ana plenty.
And may we have another time
A drive a.s rich in frolics,
And laugh, and joke, anà spin 0. rhyme,
To keep off melancholics.
\Vhen the members again met around the
festive board on Februa.ry 4th, Capta.in
Halliday and Colonel \\ ingtield were iñ the
cha.ir and vice-chair, The latest drive had,
it seems,been a somewha.
uneventful,though
a very merry one; the colonel, in some-
what halting rhyme and in execra.ble metre,
related the clay's ò'oings, and finished thus:
To Chetah then our thank!:! let's pay
For the merry drive he led;
Our thanks are due, we aU must sa.y,
And then, I think, all's said.

Iy tale !'\'e told, and whilst f crave
Pa.l'don anå !.: raee from you,
'Believe me, hearers, fa.ir anù ùra\"e
Your humble servant, \\'.

' The allusion to "chetah" in the colonel'f
verse may not be understood. Captaw Ha.l-
. lirlay's sleigh bore that name, though it had
first been known as the "Cobra." It can-
not be said that the cha.nge was much of an
improvement, as a cheta.h is quite as de-
testaùle an anima.l as a cobra IS a reptile.
The oid rhymi:tg proverb comes to mind in
this connection: "Change the name and not
the letter, you change to worse instead of
bctter. "
The last meet of the season took place on
Feb. 6th, when the president and vice-presi-
dent were Lieut Col. \Vingtield and
Ic !::ean
re::;pectively. The last told his story at
great lcn
th, after describing the sta.rt and
its various incidents, among which were two
upsets, the gallant poet finishes his story
t!lUS :-

'\'hilst we were out nought else went wrong.
The dr ive, perhaps, was rather long,
For hea.vy was the sleighing;
Enough's as good as any feast,
\Yhiell, lD the present ca.se at least,
1s a very good old saying,

The day was fine and mild; the snow
I'm very much afraid will go,
If it continues tÞawing.
The driver of the Hiror,delle
Conld not turn out (but he was well
Employed w1th Frazer drawing),

The extra aide. a.lthough he knew
That we should miss the Inconnu,
Did not appear at all ;
The Rivals and the Age failed too
To meet us at the rendezvous
In front of O;;goode Hall
And we had also to lament
'1 he absence of the Tow. who went
To London-and I find
He tra.velled in his family sleigh;
Fred.
Iar;,ham, t00. ha.s gone away.
But left his sleigh behind.
Soon ma.y he return-his cad,
W hose guiding is by no means bad.
(I own he does not ilrive well),
Turned out the sleigh and safely bore
His fair companion to her door.
I've now no more to tell.
And therefore must my poor na.rration
Draw to its final termina.tion ;

ly ample compensation
And most sanguine expectation
I I Lie in t.his Immble disl:iertation
:\leeting your approbation.
There \\ as no 1110/'e slei.
hing tha.t winter,

104.2

LA
D
lARKS OF TOROKTO.

so the club did not meet again until the
following season.
lJnly Luree members of those who formed
the Ta.ndem Club. iu 1839,4a. were iucluded
in the race of 1840-41 which was composed
as follows :-
:MEMBERS OF THE TANDEM CLUB.
DECEI\IBER. 1810.

The rest of the day's performauces ap.
pear to hll.ve beeu .. flat, stale and unprofit-
able," and Captaiu Markham concluded hi

account of the day's jOíllgS in th"se words:

..
.

The day's proceedings being o'er,
I named Le Fidele as my vice,
And trottea home as cold as ice.
l'hough little competent, dear knows,
To write in any shape bu4; prose,
I've whipped my powers to their test,
And hope you'll say I've done my best."
There was splendid sleighing all through
Janua.ry, 1841, and the meets of the club
"ere very frequent At that held on the

3rd of the month Lieut, Hutton, b"inu in
the vice chair, in rhyme rather better than
the a verag:e bids his hearers :-

OLD MEMHERS,
Lt.-Cot WingftE\ld. 32nd Hcgt. .. Erin Go Bragh
Capt, Markb.am .. Urse Minor Bruin
Lt. Colville. 85th Lt. Infantry.
A. D. C. ......... ....'..,..'... .... ..Hirondelle
NEW MEMBERS.
Lt. Cot .Airey, 31th Regt.. ....The Black Swan
Capt. Ryron, ditto.... ........... .Crede Byron
Lieut.l\1utton. ditto.............,.. 'l'he Squire
Lieut, Lan
. dltta............ Thc Forlorn Hope
Lieut. Talbot.. ........ ....., _. .... ..Le Fidile
C, Roche. Esq.. ditto,.....,.....................
Lieut. InglIs. 32nd Regt...... ........,... Mutual

lajor Magrath.... ........ ..... ..Paðdy Whack
Jarnes::\Iag-rath.
sq.. ........Paddr,fro
Cor
Then list while I tell, how on Frida.y last
Charles Heath, ßRq................Ihe Ea
loDl 0 - b 1't I
W.H.Boulton,E80.....................Humbu
I Grclu at two, ora I tepast,
The first dinner or suppt!r rath"r took At the Parliament Home collected.
place on Tu sday, January 5th, '1810, Now the Hope
orlorn at a da.ngerous rate
Lieutenant.Colonel Airey, being the presi- Let out our tram a.t
he very ga.te.
dent and Chaplain Markhd.m, the "ice- Not that he, but hIS horses selected.
presi.dent. It will be seen b
the poe
ical Now flatterin
tales, I've heard of old,
effusion of the last named offiCIal, that I This Hope to many fair maids h&8 told,
At two o'clock on '! hursday last, And I think it i! only wy duty,
The last day of the year that's pJ.st, To .te}l you this much, that once of yore
The rendezvous was Osgoode Hall, TillS Idf\lltical Hope thrcw a lady 0 'er-
A meet fa.miliar to us all. So trust him :lot, Queen of Beauty.

At very nearly half past two,
Our punctual Prese.:; came m view,
And h'1.ving taken up his pla.ce,
Led of! thJ Club with coaching grace,
The vice president then proceeded to
relate that :-
Thirteen sleighs composed the band,
With D'Arcy Boulton's four-in-hand,
(Heath, by-the. bye's ,he righttulowner,
I bep: his pardon, .. Pon my honor. ')
With elbows square and ties so nea.t,
Each driver, now upon hie sea.t,
Successively moves off his sleigh.
And boldly dashes to the fray.
The rest of those who assisted in the day's
proceedin
s are then enumerated a.nd the
ga.llant captain proceeded thus :-
'l'he nrst ad venture of the day
\\' as Boulton jumpmg from his sleigh.
And madly shouting to his groom,
.. The lazy brutes! Oh, ta.ke thf'm home!"
His team, althu' they w('re 110t slow,
',Yere not the leaiCIt inclined to go,
And ha.ving p .t their driver ont,
\Yere sent themselves to right-about,

The Hope passed nn, and not very far
Behind him followed the Erin Go Bra,gh,
His horses scarce out of an amble.
And \\ ith hhr. sat there. with a. smile so
bright,
And with eyes that might darken the lun.
beam's Huht.
The beauteou
1\1rs. Campbell.
There was nothing in the res t of the
Lieutenant's stvrv to atLract attention. He
brought some len
thy verS3S to an end with
these \fords :-

" Cut III stop. for I know I've said enongh,
To put you all in a mighty huff,
So now we'll drink the fair,-
Those ladies fair who, with many a smile,
Thus help us our bachelor hours to beguile,
And dri. e away dull ca.re."
On January 26th, Lieut. Inglis of the
32nd Regiment, a Nova Scotian, havillJ.{
been born iR Hd.lifax, was the vice-presi'
dent. He in the first portion of hi3
story reates how the club met and
started on their way an<Ï then tells of various
circumstances attending the drive, and of
the following all but sa.d
atastrophe_ He
relates it by no meane badly, and in much

LAND
IARKS OF TOROXTO.

lU1.3

h 1 t . .llan the members sible P ost of vicE\-president and poet for the
better r yme all( me re l'k tl D k
f the cllb (renerally illJul<7eJ in. even!ng: Ja.mes wrot
poetry I -e Ie u e
0, '" of "E'lhngton spoke I! rench-" courag
oU8'
The goodly t
.\in their rapid course pursued. ly. J: The-following s
me
vhat lengthy pro-
Through varIOus streets aud lanes m order I duction was hIs contt.lbution :_
good. I .
And safe returned to honor the repast; 'Twas on :Friday. our la'it day. wtth mutual
Set forth a.nd hear the to. e of dangers past. consent.
, _\1 idst mirth and smiles, some dance remem. At once to the garrison each his course
bered well. b
nt.
And fondly Bske 1 for new
ot de.ar Fidel
. Where luncheon, prepared by our Pres is 10
Would tha.t his ha.nd still neld hI6 leader s grand,
rein, .. \Ve were greeted and cheered by the sound
And spared myself and you thIS task ofpalll, of the band.
:\Ie to recount the mournful. sad event. 'Ere the luncheon was over the clock had
\Vhilst you, with sorrow moved, the case struck three, .
lament. \Vhen each mounted his box} all seemed lD
A maiden, slighted in a mor
ing
rive, , hiJZh glee.
Like maids neglected, mischIef dId contrIve. The order ill which we bv rights should have
Resol ved reVt'nge, and to herself she said, been, .
Tossin<7 cop-temptuously her pretty head, Could not be kept up, as will shortly be
" If w
h the club I'm not to show my face, seen;
At least ,PH see who',s gotten in m
plac,
; First} the "
Iutual." who sported a bay and
Thid single harness 111 unsettle qmck--:- a grey,
Then without more ado, she gave a kICk, And in tmth showed his taste in his lady
And 'started off and quite unshipped the that day

groom, But, strange, 'tis reversing the order of
A man employed merely to take her home ; things,
And tnen, with deyilish puq
ose !lladly fired, For, Instead of the" Showman," a ti
er he
By ra.ge, by female jealous

nsplred, I briIigs. .
She through the streets a hvmg fury rail, ( N t'xt the Erin-go, Bragb is seen creeplllg
Nor stopped until she found the sought _or I along
Swan; His t,wo "
eys like the cow th:1t once died of
Here, with the malice of a fiend po
se!!!sed, a so:;g ;
She a
m
d a s
af
, 'tis. saId, at a.
.ur "'reast. I The second he is, number two's n.ot his pla?e,
But CupId, mmdfulwIth a godlike care, I \Vnen we say slow and steady III tIme wms
No shaft!! but his should e\.er enter there, the race,
Quick interposed the neck of :\lontreal ; There is one thing which fully &ccounts fOI
A bleedin1t victim she Was doomed to fall, the state.
A willing one no ,doubt ; po.o
.Montreal, J He was not as usual supplied with his rate.
Suffers in beauty s cause, pItIed by all . But the colonel in truth we may sa.fely de-
The sa,rage maiden, still quite unappeased, ride,
Dashed on as fancy or as frellzy pleased, For in lieu of the fair gave 0. Griffin a ride.
Smashed a new sleigh, and then at length Next the 34th Colonolfor upsets is fa.med,
was caught. . \Vho drives his own sleigh which has never
And as such maiòens shoul
.b
duly
augnt, been named;
Ah ! had the Swan been saIlmg III hIS pla
e Some call it the Swan-this we doubt when
\Vho knows wha.t might bave happened III we find
that case I . . No name ha.lf so long is placarded behind.
Tbe distant club. unconscIOUS, .Jo
rneved on. Kigroque Simillima Cygno, some say.
Anà tried the maz
s of th
wmdmg Don ; This III conscience is too long a name for ..
Essayed to cross over the ICY pJam,. slei
h.
But found it slippery, so came back agam, The first corner wa turned aU looked with
Would that o
r slipsJn life we could recall, suspense, .
'Find rea.dy retuge sa.te, as then at Osgoode When we saw the brave Colonel attackmg a.
Ha.II. fence;
Sleighing was excellent. all through Janu- But seeing no danger and no cau
e for fca.r,
ary, and the spirits of the members of the I Drove on. left the Colonel to brmg up the
club were &S high as the mercury was low, rear. .
for after &n interval of only three. days they I Next is Bruin. feen pawing and takmg the
met aga.in on Janu
ry
Wth. wIth James place .
Magrath, Esq.-there are manv who reo Which the Colonel has left wltb a very Lad
member the genia.l II Jcmmy"-in the respon- grace j

IOU

LAXDMARKSOFTORONT

"'ith a sharp eye on Erin, and one on the
Don,
He is secretly urgiug the slow greys along.
Thus Erin-go,Bragh, who is true to a mile,
Is hard pre9sed by Shamrock th(- flower of
the isle
Soon after the Bl'uin is seen the grave
Sq uire,
If hia poni
s be small, his good taste we ad-
mire;
Suffice it to say he is steady and sure,
And those whom be drives are from upset
secure.
Forlorn Hope is hard pressing the Squire 'tis
true,
Butthis is the way they say forlorn hopesdo ;
From his head to the Foote he seems pleased
with the scene,
And absent by nature, thinks aU his a dream.
Then next Crede Byron, to comfort, not
blind,
Most suugly and wisely takes hi. scene be-
hind.
I need not reiterate what has been said;
811ffice it remember what last week was
read.
Variety's p"eaÚng is a saying of ia.me,
But Byron's variety's takin(! the sa.me.
Next Sober-Bide James, who is broad as he's
long,
Ten times out of nine when he spea.ks he is
wrong,
But as droll a shaped being as you'll ever
find,
Is Paddy from Cork, hi, coat buttoned be-
hind.
The Vice of the la.st and the Presis to-day,
:I!'ait,h but he is the boy th",t call show you
the way;
His)rue-blue companion, his own" Pa.ttent"
right,
With himself filled the 8eat, and they filled
it tight.
Though the las', not the least, to abolish all
fear.
'Vherea.s the Doctor, who cautiously brings
up the rear;
And led by the Fairy, we safely may say.
Needs no other leader to show her the wav;
The doctor, thus haTmg no lea.der nor lash,
Of course to his partner dispenses with trash,
And trustmg to Fairy to keep her own rate,
Of course he t:njoys It. select tete-a-tete;
1\ot one of the club but admired his choice.
For WftO IS there here who has not heard her
voice!
Onc member in ha.ste la.id his reins on the
shelf ,
'Cause the horse in the lead would not go by
himself ;
Now \Ve all must allow he's still one of our
club,
Soon the day will arrive to invite us to grub.

When the time will arrive to address us in
rhyme,
And the cutting we all shall get will be sub-
lime,
For each in his turn has saId something
se,.ere,

o\nd that all is most true is most certainly
clear.
He shows prudence in driving-there'"
reason for care.
For he goes on the principle "good folks are
rare. "
Thus in line we proceeded to Sugar-loaf
Hill,
Anlt strange to record there was not a spill.
The only occurrence we here might relate
Is that Paddy from Cork lost his strikE>-
measure weight;
He sheepishly stopped to [!'ive KlI.nny a trip,
At the sallie time.wool-gathering, let fall his
whip,
And our other-the toll-man poor Paddy did

ood,
For he forked out the pike for just crossing
the roaa ;
Thus the tandems proceedfid through Judge

lcLea.n's gate
And round the house drove at a furious
rate ;
Then next through the General's gate we all
pa.st,
And one turn through King street complete.ì
the last,
Then Hiroudelle, drivin
like Paymaster
Roche.
\Vas driving a sleigh from the box of a
coach.
And with him the infant. or half-penny
catch.
During all our dri,.e we did not see his
match.
O.le word from Fidele, ere I finish my
rhyme,
I hope we shall not be without her next time;
The ûwner, of course, you all know him by
name,
We trust tbat he shortly will join us again.
Again on February 2nd and 5th did the
club hold meetings The fun
rew .. fllos
and
furious/' Lnt if these officers were ardent
sportsmen they were no less gallant soldiers
as some of them proved not many years
later when they laid their liTes down for
the Sovcrei
n and country wholle fla.g they
serveoi under and whose uniform they wore.
Captain Markham occupi.,d the vIce cha.ir
on February 2nd and thus delivered himselr
in his openin
verses :-
Now ladies fair and Jehus bold,
'Tis said I must write verses
Of COllrse, the law once beinli: told,
I Cd.nnot find excuse3.

1045

l.A1\D
lA RKS OF TORO
TO.

Along the usual roads we could not
o ;
But up the avenue and through a. back
Path in the woods pursued our narrow track r
And then emerging 0.. the Y onge Btree

road,
All reached in sßiety Shepard's grand abode:
Here Osborne Ma.rkham, with his u8ua.l
I thought,
I Haà everything provided as he oUKht.
I Ourselves well housed, and horses in the
stall,
The day then lowered, and snow began to
fa.ll ;
Thu!l nature kindly did us a good turn,
And made the sleighing goorl for our return._
The ladies havin" cUlled their bail' at laiòt..
We all we re ush
red to a.
rand repast,
But as I do not l boast a Homel..s muse
A long åelail of dishes pray eXCUi:Je ;
with his tale One slight remark I'll make-no harm i.
sleighs sent meant,-:- .
a Ìuncheon I So do not tblllk 10 Mr. President:
. On Fridays there should lie at least one dish
Containing somethiug in the shape of fish.
The dinner o'er, the circling wine gave birth
To rr..any sparkling jokes, and lots of mirth;
'Vhilst I observed the many happy pairs
That round'the table occupied the cbai

And to a lady sitting by my side
:i\lade the remark,
he wickedly replied õ
" I see a Doctor, an invited guest,
But think myself a Clergyman were best,"
And when I sought her meaning in her face,
She said, .. Of course I mean to say the
.. Now le1"s drink to our noble Queen, grace..'
And tben commen::e a,dancing." Now "Dismal J emmy," rendered bold by
L - Co! 1 A' . th . mull,
_ leu tenant- _one lrey was In e pOSl- Sang with most rare effecs" The Grea

tlOn of vIce-presIdent on February 5th, ...nd 1\1 1'0 .
'-ery pleasingly be told his story, 'l'here d ogu, . ,
are many local allusions contained therein, Au wilen the DIsmal s merry song was
some of which will be understood by la.dies I Th
ung, 't o 0 . tl d 1 ht
who are grandmothers now. but were beiles e lOuse WI n JOYous mIl' 1 an aug er
of the day then. Like the gallant he was, N rung,
C 1 1 A 0 b' h O tf' 'th ot one grave face was seen amongst us all,
in

:tio;rte! th:g;:
rer

: : USlOn WI an The ver i V I .. sides of bacon" shook upon tbe
wa .
But "tis high time this cla.morou! glee shall
end,
And we our footBtep
to the ba.ll-room bend;
And there the lights arranged with studied
clu'e
Enhanced the beauty of th' assembled Fair;
I do not say (but tha.t you'll take for gran
ed)
That there was anv addition wanted,
To grace the scenë, too. some kind frh nd
I had lent
I A bear. the picture of the President;
And now the band begins, the beaux ad.
vance,
I And smiling-, lead their partners too the
I dance.
Each la.dy, too, as 'cross the room she trip.
Has quit
forgotten 'tis the moou's eclipse;

The Bruin, sartain, is my name,
Old Albion too's my na'ion.
\:"et, 'While at school. 1 got, less fame
For verses than bastation,

But S'Dce the rule is of our club,
The Vice øh'Ju 1 d spin a ditty,
Pray, whips and fair ones. don't me snub,
It I ca.n't now be witty.

But give me the allowance fair;
I hope I shall not sbock,
If metre I ca.n't bring to bear
Like Mary and Shamrock.

On Tuesday last I oent my way.
With team, to l.awyers' Hall,
For there, 'twas told, that every sleigh
Should bear the Presia' call.

The captain then proceeding
relates the order in which the
out and bow they partook of
which

.. --wa3 illiga.nt ;
The mull from well. stocked cens ;
'Twas said by some the merry chaunt
\Vas drawn from classic \Y ellso"

The whole day's pr ceedings seem to have
been most harmor.ious and devoid of acci-
dent ot any kind, the gallant captain con-
cluded by req uesting his hearers

" Ah ladies fair! nu ea.sy task IS mine,
Who never yet invoked the tuneful nine.
No poet I ! yet stili I mus\, essav
To write in verse about last tandem .tav.
But yet I must agree with those who deem
The eventÏul day a 1ll0!.t prolific theme ;
For our kind president, the Bruin bold,
(Or .Minor Bear, as he \\ &3 ca.lled of olå,)
Gave to his friends a picnic on that d:l.Y,
And did it in his usual sumptuous wa.y.
At Ol!lgoode Rali just at the hour of three.
A goodly sight I ween it was to see
The many sleighs ILSsembled ill the I:Iquare:.
Tandems the most, whilst ma.ny double
were,
Containing all Toronto's lo,'ehest fair.
As llea[" the town there was but little snow,

1046

LAND)IARKS OF TOROK TO.

No wonder! before eye!! so dazzling bright start and preliminaries before luncheon tha.t
The JZentle moon should hide her head that conclucted:
nigh Ii.
Alas! amongst the gay and festive scene,
The gazer sought in vain for Beauty's Queen:
Althou
h perchance some neat and pretty
feet
Light tripping o'er the floor my gaze might,
meet,
No beauteous foot couM T, alas, descry,
Although 1 scanned the crowd wit!:: anxious
eye, I \Vhat is impossible cannot be done,
A )Jrs. Proudioot certainly was there, I At'll never comes to pass,
By some of us r.onsidered just as faÏ1', I And if his sLeigh would not move on,
But all aUow that pride is not the foote It must stay where it was.
tJf the fair girl whose beauteoU3 face I
souo-ht Altho' this truth was pla.in to see,
For I w
s told the unpretending II aid I The horRes seeme
to doubt .i_,
"'as heard with gentle meekness to hJ.ve I So pulled and broKe the whIffletree,
said And then waL,ed off without it,

h
did
ot dare, she could not even hope I I l' ,
\Vith fair I.' P df t' b t d h - t I mean, undoubtedy without the slC]gh ;
co e e rou 00 s oas e c arms 0 This only proves what e
ch one always
p , knew

o thoug-ht fo
once she'd better sta.y away, That eYer
don' must have his da
.And sent Le Fldele her excuse to-day. ) -)...,. y,
Pleased with the da.nce, none thought oi II uppy or 101llpey-Fhlele, I or you,
horse nOlO sleigh, The gaudy Peacock next we passed,-
'Twas nearly twelve before we came away, At least aU did hut one _
Just at that t:me the kind, good.natureå The )Iutual made a ho
eward cast,
moon As H enough he'd done'

hone out in lustre bright to light us home; ,
Unlucky wight! alas. poor Hope Forlorn
ome said, to seek his other half;
His fall' one"s cruel fl.bsence had to mourn: Others, more cunning far,
In vain he ur!!ed hC]' not to feel alarm Could scarce Imppress a tittering laul;{h,
And gua.ranteed her from all chance of ha.rm. Thinking of Kin,": street anù Godma.mma.
'l'he fact is this: she did not think it r ght
To tra.vel with such Rents bV moonbeam's
light;
Or ell!e she thought that sitting by his side,
All his atten ion ..he'd bave o
cupied,
And made him thus for"et his nags to 'tuide.
Only hve days later the dub met again,
and Lieut..Col. Wins;!;field occupieå the
VICe chairman's seat. In the first two verses
of his rhymes he referred to the date being
that of her Majesty's marriage and the
christening of the :Princess Royal, and then
glances at, the fact just 'hen accomplished
of the union of the two provinces of Upper
and Lower Canada, He spoke thul!I :

Bail, :I!'ebruary Tenth! auspicioul day,
The harbinger of joyø of great account;
On you our maiden Queen was given away,
Our rOYdl Princess taken to the font.
The cannon's roar procla.imwd the Union law
At noon of y"u j and then, as I'm a
sinner,
Together the good folks at eve you draw,
By acclamation, to a civic dinner.
H. then proceeds to ei ve details of thc

" -the train then led by our face,
tious president due west.
Safely we reached a house that's caned t.he
Bell,
But here arose a scene of rack and ruin,
How it occurred I can't just now well tell,
But twas an accident to brother Bruin.

Men's associations differ her
beiow,
K or let the gra.ve to an V one's objec
....
Because thcir vast Importance they mayn',
know.
But rather let them ponder and reflect.

Doe! fair AUl;{usta curl her silken hair?
Or the Sheriff trir the boards with Emily?
1>oes Henrietta I.. re
n or purple wear:
Doos Emmie laugh, or stcop her shoe to tie?

Or Helen frown. or Mary Anne in palsin '!,
Rais6 but one inch her pett.icoa.t too high;
And ma.y be quite unconscious,-as in
Her heart she'd no suspicions of those
nigh.

It findè some heroes total occupation,-
These are discoveries upon the whole,
Useful at least. in my imagina.tion.
As those of Parry at the northern pole.
Or if by chance some fair her 'kerchief
wave,
Rub her soft hands, 01' cough, or ra.ise her

love,
'Ihls is a happiness too grea.t to leave,
And thc affa.ir as::mm
s t he
arb of loye'

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

Turned to the right we l!Iou
ht the sylnn
shade,
The startled wood nymphs hiding as we
passed,
Fearful lest harsh comparisons were made-
Rer charms each felt so "ery far surpassed.
The envious Satyrs strove our path to clog,

o that the trot &11 times became an amble,
They interposed full many a stump and log,
Hoping-sly rogues-to profit in the scra.m.
ble,
If haply either we upset or smashed ;
Logs, stumps and satyrs, we escaped them
all.
Safe throu
h these dangers fea.rlessly we
dashed,
A.d our sweet burthens Lrought a'tain to
Osgoode Hall.
Tuesday, February 16th, the club met as
usual with W. H. Boulton, Esq., (t.he
enial
" Bill") occupying the vice-president's
cha.ir. who straightway delivered the follow-
ing poetical effusion :-
Ladies and Gemmen, Humbug comes
')1id sounds of bugle, not of drums,
To state before each sylph and don
He'd been humbugged by the mack Swan,
\Vho with his usual courtesy said
He'd freely furnish every hebd
That could, in terms of course decorous,
Tuesday's proceedings lay beiore us.
All yesterday he sighed in vain
When moon arose he sighed again,
And 'twas not till long after nine
Last night, his cad, not Valentine,
:\Ieekly pulled from his pocket long
The heading of a tandem sóng.
So be it known, on TUEsàay last
Erin-go- Bragl
not first but last,
Came dashing \orward at a pace
As if his life must save his place:
ror he was presIdent, you know.
On that same state day. when if a blow
From Boreas blea.k could state
How sad it is to be too late,
He'd ne"er commit the sin again.
Nor cause my most goo(1-natured pen.
To blame the Queen of Hea.uty's graces
For keeping all the merry faces
At what in terms is ca.lIed the meet.
Ea.ch natty cad ha.d ta'cn his seat
Behind his driver, who, before him.
Proposed to drive with due decorum.
fhe maiden fair ,,'ho trusts her limbs
1'0 Mutuals and Dismal JilllS.
Assist, oh Muses! help my rhyme,
Fer now I'm only losing time,
In showing how. with one intent.
To buildings, the ex-Parliament
l'he club had gone -precisely two-

1047

The President not there-a do !
And so, that all might not await
'Vithout some pretext for debate,
Some said. they'd sleigh outside,
Whilst others through lobe ga.tes mUllt ride.

The drivß is then tully described at very
considerable len
th and by no means un-
pleasingly. and Mr. Boulton brought his
story to a finish thr..s :-

"And now, my fair ones, Humbug's done,
This. his first race, is badly run;
\Vhen he reflects within his breast
That but a few months at the best
Can pa.ss before the naviga.tion
Hurries each corps far from the station,
He feels that this may be the last
Of all the happy days we've past
Among the ga.llant military.
Erin-go-Hragh. .Fide Ie, and Airey,
And that ere AprIl's gone we're
eh
Of all that's dear on earth bereft.

There wal:. one " meet" more though, and
thus the Ta.Ldem Club sepß.rated forever.
That "meet" was on February 19th, with
Lieutenant Talbot in tbe post of vice-presi.
dent. He thus feelin
ly allnded tc, the ap'
proaching departure of the troops and demist
. of the dub, not for
etting a tribute to tht
vice-preßide
Jt of the previous gatberin
:-
For true it is. ere many weeks
From hence in haste we shall be starting.
Ah. Humbug can but little guess,
Aud few there are will ever know,
Our deep,felt 1.I.rief and wretchedness,
Our utt
r misery and woe.
\Yhen we are torceù to leave this place
To sail for En,", laud's milder shore.
Re
retting many a pretty face,
'Vhom we perhaps shall see no more.
Ah ! may the bright-eyed laughing dames.
(There is no humbug. not a. bit).
Extinguish 'ere we go the Hames
'1 hat in our tender hearts they'\"e 11'.
For else before our gallant barques,
Can bring us to our destination,
The ocean breeze wIll fan the sparks
Into an awtul confla"ration,
I see my English letters liay,
Our Sovereign Queen is very fond
Of goin! out in Albert's øleigh
On Royal Fl'ogmore's fro
eD pond.
Although no royalty we loast,
I t.hink it now becomes my duty.
To beg you a.ll to join my toast
To our fair Queen of Love and Beauty

1048

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

tlOned the Colonel of the JOOth Regiment
stationed in thE: town to appoint a person
compef;ent (Æ teaching men their drill to in-
struct those young men who were desirou

of obtaining commissions all officers of the
.Militia.. Friucll was the man recommended,
and his appointment was confirmed. A
military school was then atarted. Among
others who learned their exercise from
him were John M
cdonell, who fell wi'h
Gen, Brock at Queenston, and the late Chief
Justice Robinson. At the outbreak of the
war Fri,zdl'8 reason left him and hE" was re-
moved to Lancaster, in Glengarry county,
but in un 7 haying again become sane he
returned west again. He disposed of his
property in Toronto to the late Chief Jus-
tice Carnpbell who lived at the head of
Frederick street and. took up his residence
at Thornhill ten miles out on Y ongf' st.reet.
Here his son, Sutton Richard, or Dick as he
was familiarly called, attended
chool until
1833 when he entered the employ of a dis-
tiller and bre ,\ er named 1\101' _ a.n, afterwards
well-known throughout America in connec-
tion with the anti. ;\lasonic excitement.
While ill the distillery young Ric'lnrd COll-
tra.cted a fondnesjj for liquor, which brought
CHAPTER CCLXXIII. him into rou
h company' He was a
AN Ir..CIDENT OF THE REBELLION fearless YOL1th, possessed of extraordinary
physical sljreIl
th. Púlitical excitement in
ëomelhiul: About Ute }I:m \1'ho \1'Rrned 1be 'hose days ra.n high. Meetings were no'
Peoplf" or Toronlo of the AflYnnce or Mac. the most orderly and. were being held in a.1I
"'enzie parts of the dist!"ict. Uick was an attend-
Sutton Frizzell, ot ThornhilJ, ): onge street, ant at these meetings, ready at any time to
was an early !Settler of York. His son, fight for himself, his friends or for the
Sutton Richard, was present duriub many British Govermp,nt. In the spring of 1837
of the events that occurred in the days of some ot those reformers who advocated arm-
1837, particularly on the night of the 4th ed. resistance to the Government, led many
Dec. and the m(Jrning of the ;jth Dec, 1837. persons to believe that rebellion was medi.
The reminiscences here given are interest- tated. The e-eneraì opmion,however,was that
ing ;- DO outbreltk would take place liS most
I:;utton Richard Frizzell, the subject of thia perl!lons thought that no preparations ;, ad
sketch, was the eldest son oÎ :\Ir. Sutton been made for such a move. But Frizzell
Frizzell, of ThornhilJ, who had come to To- was of a diff('rent opinion, He believed that
ronto, then Little York, in the old lOUth I mar.y on )-lackenzie's side would rebel and
Regiment during the autu'nn of 1808, or that some of their leading spid s would risk
spring of 1809. It was with the greattist I their all,even their lives to cnforce what they
difucu) ty that the Commandant could procure believed to be their rights. By the time the
I'upplies.and to relieve this
utton Frizzell. autumn of U
:}7 ha.,l come round the ex.
contracted to furnish the
arrison with beef. citemcmt had become intense. Largely ut.
He retained this contract tor two YE'1.rS and tended meetings were held by both parties
a h;\Jf. when orders were received tha1 the at ditferent placeø. A place ùf rendezvous
l00th Regiment, stationed at Little York, was Finch's Hotel, ten miles from the city
should be removed to Kingston, Ja.ma.ica.. on Yonge 8trcet. Tories and Reformers
Shortly after the notice of removal was re- ha.d called a meeting at this place for Octo-
ceived at York, Frizzell left the army. bel' 16th. The day arrivea, and as both
About this time such injuries were sustained. mpet1ll
i had been called for the same day
by him in a fall from & horse as ultimately and hour, some change was necessary. Not
led to the partia.l loss of his reason. In Ùesirous of a collision, the Reformers ad.
,May, nH2, it became ccrtain that. there journed to the houae of David Gibson, the
would be war \\ ith the Unite.! States. Some gentleman then representing West York in
{jf the leading citizens of Littlc York peti- the Parliament of Upper Canada. That

In concluding this paper the names ot
Captain )]arkham and Lieutenant; Inglis
should be mentiúned as havin
been present
at the action of St. Denis during the Cana.
dian Rebellion, when the former was
severely wounded. They in after years
were comrades-in-arms C1uring the Punjaub
campa.ign,. when Markham .;omrnanded the
regiment, Latel', Inglis also WIIS in com-
lIland of the l!Iame corps, when they were
shu\ up in Lucknow during the mutiny and
against fearful odds held out until relieveà
by Havelock.
Of those who comprised this famoui clnb
but one member,
lr. Heath, of thia city, is
known to be alive, though there may be
one or 'wo of the officers etill extant in the
old country. But there are yet some few
people resident here who, as boys and Kirls,
remembf'r the gallant show the handsome
I!lel!.!hli and well groomed ßorses exhihited.
To them certainly, and probably to others
who are interested in the doings of a by-gone
period, thi

ketch, written fifty-two years
after the events took pla.ce, will prove of
l!Iome interest,

LAKD:\IARKS OF TOROXTO"

I fJ.lO

mornin!! a Nova. Scotian named Stephen bent on taking the cily. Dick asked his
Harvey-had come down Yonge street from younger brother Xelson to accompany him
Layond ThoruhilJ bearing 1\ white flag, on but he refuse.L The family thought from the
which were bscribed in large black letters apparently wild talk that he was off his head.
the words, " Libel"ty or Death." .Arriving at The-y could not believe that he harl seen any
Gibson's, Haryey planted the flag firmly in Cone for there was not a
oul moving on the
the ground, between the hOUl
e and the street, nOlO were any sounds to be heard.
street. Frizzell had a\;reed to be present at Finding that he could get neither his clothes
the meeting at .Finch's, but t",o days before nor his brother's consent to go with him,
he had gone in'o Toronto, and it was not Frizzell left the house. :Kelson followed him
until noon of the 16th that he recollected afterwards, but seeing his brother go north
bis promise. He at once founù a man tha.t along the street instead of toward the city
would take him to Finch's,and they immedi. , concluùeù that he wa.s on his way lO the
ately drove out Y onge street. They had to tavern. Frizzell, however, did not go to
pa&s Gibson's. 'Nben they approached the the tavern, but to 'I horne & Parsoll'3 store
place the flag was seen floating in the wind. that he mi'
ht procure a horse. On going
The horses were stopped and Frizzell, turn- iuto the office and ma.king known to Mr.
ing to his fri nù, who was a loyali
t from Thorne what was wanted the lattt>r maàe
Richmond Hill, sa.id : "f am going to take enquiry of one Richard l\lurphy, a youn

that. fla,:!, and if the crowd should catch me Irishma.n in his employ if there Wi'S a hors8
I have a job on hand. >, 'Vith this he started in the stable fit to go to Toronto. .Murphy
for it. Harvey knew Frizzell, a.nd seeing replied that there was not nor,continued he,
his object, also made for the flag. Befol"o it will "any horse leave this stable this
was entirely clear of the ground Harvsy night." Dick said II I suppose Mr. Thorne,
seIzed the lower end of the sta.ff and, be:ng you can let me have a. Í1ors8 without
a. heavier man but less active, a fierce .Murphy's consent. You know th. rebels
struggle ensued. He shouted ior as- have gone down street armed, a.nd intend to
sistance which promptly came, but not be- take the city if they can." )11'. Thorne laid
fore Dick Frizzell had escaped with the he knew this,. and said also that he had
flag, leaving only the bare staff in the hands oniy just found out that over half the men
of his adversa. y. The two having made in his employ" ere Rebels and have threat-
good their escape made in all haste for tile ened revenge if any active measures be
hotel. They arrived just as the chairman, taken a.gainst them. "\Y e have a great
the late Col. Boyd, (father of Chancellor deal of property exposed : I dare not Ie. you
Boyd) was bringing the meeting to a close. have a. horse." Though:a horse could not be
Frizzell and his friends wel'e greatJy elated
ot :I!'rizzell was resolnd to:reach the city
over the capture of the first rebel fla
, while if hi, life were spared. As r.e was lea.ving
Harvey und his frIends were correspond. the store }Ir. Thornel \\ hispered to him.
ingly lIepl'eS'3erl. "J he ensign was torn into c, Go for God's sake, but bel cautious." :Mr.
shreds and fastened as decoration"! to the Thorne had taken Frizzell into his Pl'ivate
tails of horstJs. Even the chairman\
horse office, when the la.tter talk took place.
was so decked. Political affairs continueà Murphy immediately followed and Boon
to be exciting. In some places the rebels overtook him on the road, Every means
hd.d purcoo::.ed a.rms and begun to drill. were used to provoke a quarrel. .Murphy
During the summer and autumn of 1837, said he c(Juld thrash Frizzell or any other
Richard Frizzell, who wa!J :l jovial character. Tory on the street. Fri7Zell took
had a good time. On the 4th of December, all this coolly. He saw the idea wa.s to
he was dt his home depressed mentally and prevent his reaching .foronto. Finally be
physically, the results of a recent outinl". thrust his hand. in his pocket and. said In a
About 9 o'clock in the evening he a.rose and stern voice to
\lurphy," The man that
demanded his clotht>s which he could not stops me to-night wili come out mi!rsing."
find, for his mother had hidden them away This ended the interview, and Murphy left
thinking there by to ket'p her 30n within him alone to pursue his way. He had pro-
(Joors. This howevel' had no effect, and ceeded about 8. mile when the liound of an
after searching ahout for some time and approaching hor;:;e was heard. As it came
tindiu!j an old pair of pants, old coat, old closer the rider who proved to be Frizzell's
b(Jots and a stra.w hat he went out into the neighbor, DUllcan \reir, a resolute
cotch-
dark and the cold.. He remained au o.y but man, active and intelligent with all a
a short time. He again demanded his Scotchman's love of freedom, drew his horse
clothing" saying it was nt!cessary for him to I up to 0. walk. He was armed with a sword
go to Toronto as a lar
e body af armed. men ancl pair of pistols. Suddeniy 'Veil' stopped.
were going down Y ong. stI"eet at thac sayi:lg at the same time, "I don's; knoW'
moment whom he positively kuew were men but that 1 had better arres'

IOðO

LANDYARKSOFTORO
TQ

you." The report he received was I seemed to be watching Frizzell so closely
ahort and pointed. " 1 know well that Dick became angry and de-
you won't." It was sufficient. \Yeir rode mandecl an immediate explanation
at first slowly. but he soon urged his horse of his conduct. Mr. Munro ex-
into a gallop and disappeared in the dark- plained. He said. "The fact of the matter
n
ss. Dick walked rapidly. occasionally is the Governor has made up his mind that
overtaking <;llIall squads of rebels with you have come with a. statem
uc. that is not
whom he had sowe conversation. Once he true, for the purpose of alarming the
ßtopped a1. the houae of a Loyaiist for the I LOYb.lists. He Huspects you have been
purpose of having some parties hving a dis- sent by the rebels or by some persons who
tance east of Y onge street notified of the are aware that the Governor and Council
movements of the rebels. The person whom Imd members of the corporation are as-
Dick called upon was Alexander l\!on\.gom. sembled in the hall to provide some plan of
ery. .. nd the persons he wished notified were defence should the rebels here who are m
Da"id and 'Yilliam Yeomans of Scarborough sympathy with the insurgents in Lower
and two other persons in that vicinity. As Canada attaCK the city." Dick was astonish.
he came near to Eglinton a number of men ed beyond expression. He could not speak.
were seen in the street opposite Montgom- Mr. ,\lunro continued. " Frizzell. if y<>u
ery's hotel. He thought as weU that his have been doing any such thing as the Gov.
friend '\T eir had not made him his prisoner ernor suspects you will be in Po bad box.
in the road intending to do so when he came Alderman Powell has ridden up the street
ùown the street. To avoid any more de- to see if what you say be true or not.
tention and all chance of arrest Dick wishe
to return immediately to the
Dick entered the field to the west and then hall, and on the way he told :Mr. 1\1unro tlmt
ßtruck south till he came to the flats or "if Sir Francis Head has his own way the
",,'hat was generally called then .1 No.1." Rebels will ha,'e the city without fighting .,
Thence he returned a
ain to the str
et and Shortly after they entered the City Hall
entered the city without further molests.- :Mr. Powell entel'ed a]so, He reportee! that
tion. He went directly to the City Hall. he had been met near Gallows Hill by Mac-
A poiiceman was stationed at the door and l
enzie and another person and was plact:'d
iorbade admittance. The otticer told him under arrest by them.
I acl.enzie and
the Governor was within and he Wa!! given Powell had ridden side by side for a lon

orders to admit no one without penni8sion. way following a strangel' who was rather
..
'ell them" he said to the otfic(>r" the abuve the an:ra.ge man in point of size and
rebels are coming down Y onge street. and '\\'as thoroughly armed. Powell u
ew a pis.
\hat there is a person at the door who can tol anù fired at him \vhereupo,\ j\lackenzi(t
give them information which it is necessary rode away makin.g his esc
pe in ßafety al-
they should possess." This being announc- though he too wa.s shot at. EVf'ry man was
ed admission was at once granted alarmed at the sudden turn affairs had
Though Mr. GeorlZe :\lunro, an aiderma'i of taken. Sir Francis Head to whom ail look-
the city who waspresent, and Richard Frizzell ed for advi'
e Lowed his head in his hanus
hadspenttheiryoungerdaystogethersomany lear.in 5 his arms upon the table at which he
changes during their ten or twelve years' sat Clu'istopher A, Hagerman, the Attor-
sepa.rdtion had caused Mr. .:\1 unro to forget ney Gel1f'ral who Was present was asked what
Richard. You come from Y onge str(>et? was to be done as evidently some action must
This is the Governor Sir Francis Head. be taken at once. The proper person,he said.
You will state what information you have for directing such action was prescn t and
to impart to him. was his introduction to something must be done. The Go\'ernor's
the Governor. A short conversatIOn took I reply was: '"'Ve c,ln do nothing. 'Vhy.
place between thE' Governor, the Mayor what can we do? There is not a soldier in
and Mr. J.\'.Lunro which evidently was Upper Canada.. I wrote Sir John Colborne
concerning the identity of the in- to take every man there was here if they
formant. Both Mr. Munro and Chief "ere reqmred. and they were taken to
Justice Robinson stated they had for- Lower Canada... Excepting Hagerman,
merly known a person of his na.me. but ('ould who from the first was decided and resolute,
no
certify as to the gentleman present there did not appear to be a. person present
being th;;: same. After the information who was decided. So when the Governor

elative to the reb
ls had been given Frizzell asked who there was to do the fight-
prepared to leave. He SlI.id to :.\h. 1\1 unro ing. .Mr. Hagerman replied, .. I. and
that he was going to Harley's Hotel. The there are others that will. 'Ve havE' ma
e
alderman volunteered to go with him. 'J he no exertion to get a.ny one, but before It
two went a\my and. while at the hotel drank shall be s,
iù that we ga\'e up the city wIth.
together. All the time. however. )11'. :.\1 unro out strikin
on
blow 1 will take a. mWlkel>

L.\
DJIARKS OF TORO
TO.

11)':;1

and go out alone and die like a man." I were for letting it burn, others for putting
He advised men to be sworn in and prup
rly it out, until Judge Jones came up, .. Let it
eqmpplJ<.Ì as there were plenty of arms in the I burn, boys," said he, and soon it was
Lity Hall. A short form of oath was drawn reduced to ashes, With a. few othLrs, Dick
up, but it was not until Frizzell and some. continued his wa)' slow
y up street until
bve or six others had be,
n swot.n that the they reached the "Golden Lion" hotel,
Chief Justice said to
Ir. Hagerm"n he where they had dinner. Evening was dra....-
èid not think it necel"sary to swea.r those ing on WI en a man came in and said a build-
who came forward voluntarily and offered i ing was burnin
in the dtrecticn ùf Gibson's.
their services. They should be gtven arms. , Dick started out, but before Gihson'3 was
So no more were put undet. oath. The reached the place was neadv consumed.
Chief ,Justice began to question Dick, When I Many of those around were well known to
he learned that this roan's father hö.d been him, and he reproached them fo destroYing
his military tutor in 1812, the Chief said I property in such a fashion His intel{tioll
tha.t now that his memory was refreshed he was to go on up Y onge street, but many of
!"8collected the pame very weil. Just.ces his friends insisted on his returning to the
Jones and McLean stood by and when Chief city, which he finally din, On the way
Justice Robinson called them, remarking down from Gibson's residence to Y ongtt
I.hat this person wa.s a son of Frizzell, who I street, the pl'ell1is
s of
lr. Poole were found
had taught them all their exercise in the I to be on fire, (Poole's house was the first
spring ot 1812, the latter deigned no rcply. house north of the Methodist Episcopal
Continuing, he said, you mus:; recollect him church at \Villowdale.) Dick Frizzeil him-
as we all usetÌ to join ia gall1es together I selt removed and extinguished the brands
when drill was over. which had not commencen to burn
People cOl1tinued to come and go to the fiercely, This annoyed some of the
City Ha.ll throu!;!hout the night. By 3 a.m. spectators, and had it not been well-
guards w, re stationed at different places known that Þe was a. staunch Loya.list
tlu'oughout the city. Dick .Frizzell was a no doubt he would have received
6entry on duty at the sondl eIJtrance of .Col- harsh tre ,tment. The night was spent in,
lege avenue nntii late in the morning ot the I the city Xext m(Jrniug all personó over
5th. The citizens were so a.larmed thai; whom the slightest snspicion rested were to
work and business wp.re entirely suspended. I bp, arrested. \Y. B. Jarvis, Sheriff of York,
Tuesday, the 5th, was an uneasy day for employed Frizzell, who tbus authorized,
both parties, for each wa
expecting to be r made ma.ny arrests in the Township of
reinforced oy their supporters. It was 110t I Vaughan, Markham and York. The jail
until'" ednesday that Sir Allan :Mc
ab' was soon filled. Many persons were in-
arl'Íved by steamer from Hamilton, bringing I carcerated who wished to send for friends
about 60 men. Prepa.rations weri! I\t once who would bail them out. \Vhile this was
begun for a.n attack 011 .\lackenzie's positlOn. being discu
sed by the authorities the sheriff
Thursday morning Sir Allan moved up Col- noticed that Dick knew nearly every ma.r.
lege twenue ,vith the main body of whose name was mentioned. The fact was
the loyal force. The second brii!ade none of the old inhabitants were unknown
marched up Y ongc street, but it failed I to him. The sheriff !lsked if he knew Sam
to reach Egli:,ton until a.fter Sir I L<mnt. " Sam Lonut! Yes, eyer since I
Allan had attacKed the rebels. \Vhen they I have been it boy. J' .. Then you are just the
were pas!'ting No 1, firing WiI.S heard to the I man I want," said the sheriñ

west. The men went up the hill to :Mont- I " I want a man to hunt him up."

omer} 's Hotel on the double quick. Dick Dick refused to do this emphatlCal.
l,'rizzell was a.mong the ,'ery first to reach I lY saying by way of excuse that he had now
the top of the hill, where he saw two shots more to do than he could possibly attend to
tired from behind some bushes a.nd stumps I in three weeks,
I r. Jal'\'is pninte!1 out to
on the west side of the highway. A horse I him that Loune COD1IUimded the rebels; that
came galloping from the fields in tlJi
dncc' l they had those with them who could give
tion. As it was passing the bu-hes a md.n e\'Ídence that it was by his order Col.
rushed out and caught the hors
and im- Moodie was shot and tho.' therefore he
meùiately mounted.
ome of .hose around must be I aken. Still t1e was persistent in
opened fire on the man, but as soon as Dick I his refusal to mak
the arrest. He had
signalled to them that he knew him, it I known Lount for along timf', and they had
ceased. It was too late howe1.'er. \\ ide- I aI" ays been 011 the most friendly terms.
man (for that wa.s the man's namt") fell from Once tlwy had ñshf'ù, hunted, slept together,
his horse. While standing around the body I anù pa,rtaken of one another's hospitality to!'
the cry ot fire was raised. :-;J1loke .\1."a3 seen nays Oil the shores of Lake Simcoe. Although
ISI:IUing from ,Montgomery'
Hotel. Some .

hl'riff was apparently 'Hssatisfieù, 11<..

l0ó2

LAN DMARKS OF TORONTO.

did not press the matter further. About and was buried in the }Iuhawk church, west
this time, being the srrillg of 1838, Richard of Deseronto, fifteen yt:ars after ha left
Frizzell joined a.nd became a sergeant in Thornhill.
the 3rd Battalion, which, when it was In rt:ference to the foregoing, the follow
first organized, was under the command ing passages from
ir Francis Bond Head'

of Cot Ktmneth Campron, of '1'hor&h, volume, "The Emigrant," published in
formerly a major in the 79th or 18-16, in which he describes the outbreak of
Cameron Highlanders. The battaliun the rebellion, may be fitly Quoted :-" I had
was ordered to Chatham. Here thev suffer- taken to bed with a bad sick headache,
ed for clothing which the Gove'rnment had and at midnight of thE' 4th of December was
promised them, but which. when it did fast asleep with it when 1 was suddenly
arrive was very infe1"Ïor to that worn by the aw",kened by a. person, who informed me
regulars" Colonel Cameron rel!ligned and .ha.t Mr. Mackenzie was conducting a large
\\ as succeeded by COlonel \' oung. FromChat- I body of rebels upon Toronto, and that he
ham the battalion was ordered to Windsor. I , was within two or three miles of the city."
One cOII'pany under Captain Rankin was, In his d<!spat
h to Lord Glenelg. the Colo-
sent to Fort Malden :;0 do duty. In the fall : nial Secretary of State, Sir Franè1s mentions
of '38 this company me(bond defeated a body that þis informant was Alderman Powell.
of .. Sympathizers." as they were called i .. A few faithful friends kindly conducted
from the American side. In the engagement I my family to a place ohafety. and eventually
sevcrai prisoners were taken. Soon after I to a steamer floating in the harbor, a.nd
Col. .Prince aDd Lieut. -Cols. Elliott and i while they were proceeding there I walked
Young came 08' from \VlIldsor. Sev
ral along King street to the position I had pre-
officers of the captured party were ordered pared in the market house.
to be shot and to use the words of Co1. I "The stars w
re shining bright as diamonds
Prince. in his despatch to the Government, in the olack canopy over my head. The air
"they were shot accordingly." It : was intensely cold. and the snow-covered
wa.s the belief of Dick and several' planks which formed the foot,path of the
others in his company who were on' city creaked as I trod upon them. The
duty uear the officel's' quarters that Colonel I principal bell of the town was. naturally
Prince did not consult his hrother officers on ' I ' enough. in an agony of fear, and her shrill.
the step he took. The condemned men irregula.r, monotonous little voicð, strangely
.vcre led out to die in <! uick succession one I breaking the serene silence of nivht, w..
by on
. After ñve had been executelÏ one I exclaiming to the utmost of its strength-
stal wart young man who was being led out I
furde1'! 1Uw'de1.1 murder I--and much
threw up his arms and m"ied "Is there no I worse! I
heip for the widow's son?" Immediately' " As soon as I retl.cheù the market house
Lieut.-Col. Elliott sa.id to Co!. Prince that I I found. asst:mbled there the armed guard of
he thought wrong wa.s being done. as these the town and 110 small b?ày of trusty lDen.
men are prisoners and ca.n offer no defence, . among w horn were the five judges. a force
!)oDd the man was sent back to jail to be quite sufficient to have repelieù and punished
ha.nded over to the civil authorities. any attack which we were likely at thac

ick always spoke in bitter terms of moment to expect.
Sir Francis Bond ne"d, whom he' thought .. We. ho\yever, lost no time in unpacking
had practically made a prisoner of him fmm cases of muskets and of ball ca.l'triòge!!, and
the moment he entered the City Hall until in distributing them to those who kept join-
nfiWS confirming che report alredày brought in
our party.
by him earlier in the eyeninR ar. " In a. very I'Ihort time we orRanized our
rived. Dick at a. la.ter date met tbe litUe for, e. and as we" ha.d detached. in ad-
Goyernor on the street in Toronto, and in vance, piquets of observation to prevent our
conversation he told Frizzell that the intel. being surprised, we Jay clown on the floor to
ligence which he brought un that night sleep."
was quite correct. On that occasion the! It will be seen from these extracts that
governor promised that as 800n as the I the City Fathers had already received in-
excitement subsided his lIervices should be I I formation or the intelllied attack by the
amply re\Varded. insurgents when Sir FrancIs reached the
On his return from the west Richard re- City HalL '1'his cor:ooborates Frizzell'.
ceived from his father & deed of .!Iome valU' 1 story in all important details.
at.bl. 1'eal estate in the viliage. He married
an estimable young lady and settled down.
She :lived only about four years. He then
migrated to the county of Hastinf.{!I, and in I

eptember, 1876, he ùied in his 39t}1 year

LA
D)!ARKS OF TORO
TO.

CHAPTÈR CCLXXIV.
OLD DAYS BROUGHT BACK.

Extracts rron. tbe 't'arlons '''rUing.. orTorou.
to's "e'cran Telf':;1;rapher-" hcu ('" nada
was '.oung-The Rise oCtbe Telegraphcr.

Facile princeps in all matters conce
ning
telegraphy is Mr. Robt. F, Easson, the
manag.r of the press department, of the I
Great Northwestern Company, From time
to time Mr. Easson has con.
tributed to the press ot Ontario
interesting monographs dealini with the
history of newspaper telegraphy in Canada.
'I'hese article
have been read with a very
vivId interest by many an old resident of
Toronto, "hose memory raDges back to the
days when even the postman had but lately
taken for himself a place in men's callings.
In one of those articles Mr. Easson skill-
fully describe!! a memorable celebration of
Burns' centenary which took place in the
St. Lawrence Hall on the evenincr ot Jañ.
25. 1859. The exercises began "with ad-
dresses deliyered by well-know\ citizens.
Alex.
fcLach]an rea.d a touching poem which
be had composed for the occasion. John Hill-
yard Cameron also recited some appropria.te
original verses, and lIeli verell au aullre::ss
which was, even fur that talented orator, a
notable effort. Dr. Connor !lave an IId,ïr(',;;s
and r.ad the immortal hIstory of Tam
O'Sbanter. The
1ayor, who 'l.cted as chair-
ma.1,lwas:the late Sir Adana \Vilson. He,
too, made a speech appropriate to the occa.
sion_ Dr. McCaul, of Toronto University,
contributed a 8cholarly historical address,
and the famous TÏ10mas D.Arcy McGee
spoke in words which moved his hearers to
tohe highest pitch of enthusiasm.
MEN QUALIFIED TO JUDGE,
nys Mr. Easson, said that :\lr. .:\IcGee's
address on that occa.sion was the best
ø.moncst the many euk,gies of Robert Burns
delivered upon this continent. Says the
writer of the paper :-" \Vhen D' Arcy said,
· wherever on the face of the earth-
at least in English-speakin
cûuntries-there
is a 8cotchman, or a man. Robert Burns
is not to-nignt" ithout hODor"he thrilled the
Scotchman through and through.
Most of the leading judjite!'l, professional
men, educationists and merchants were pre.
sent upon this occasion. Among
thtlm were: Hon., Geor"e Brown, Chief
Justice Sir John Beverley Robinson,

heriff .Tan.is, Vice - Chancellor Spragge
Judge Draper, Hon. P. M. Van KoughDet.
a&ù Hon. (now Sir) Oliver }lowat. All
classes and creeds were thero represented.
A ba.ll .nd supper followed the speech
JrI"king, and then was seen 'he CUriOUS
lpe' aclc of D'Arcy McGee, a Romanist

1053

of the Romanists. and Hon. Joha
Hillya:d Cameron. Orange Grand Master,
dancinjit together in the same Scotch reel.
Soon lion. Geor
e l'rown took a
hand in the merriment, and pirouette
and ",,'n-,pped his fingers with the
vim of a lad in his nonage,
During the evening despatches from many
Scottish societies all over the continent came
to the St. Lawrenco Ha.ll over wires specia.lIy
run into the building for the occasion. As

1r. Easson was the operator who received
these messages, he was an eyewitness to the
merriment attending the celebration.
THE RISE OF TELEGRAPHY.
In a very clever article in the Monetary
Times, published two months ago, .Mr.
Easson gave an interesting account of fame
of his eadier eX1 eriences with th9" key.
board." In a most interestiflg manner the
veteran describeiJ the gradual use of
the telecraph 11.8 an aid in newspaper
work. SaYII he: .. The despatches were
yery brief at first, conta;ning perhaps 50 or
75 words, but they gradually increa.sed in
leugth, and as the importance of the inno-
vation became apparent, th" Toronto Ltader
appOInted its special correspondent ai

lontreal." Now every large paper)n Can-
ada has "specials" seattered in the biS( citifs
of the Dominion. Geo. Gregg, who repre
ented
'h3 Leader of Ottawa, scored ð U cl.an
leat" bv wire on the alls
s8ination of Hon.
D'Arcy SlcGee. .. Parliament," says Mr.
Easson, "was in session at the time,
i nd on the evenin
of the as-
8aesination we telegraphers had soot
the signal · good ni
ht J on the Globe
and Leader reports from Ottawa, when, a
Íe\V minutes later, and just as I was going
out of the office door, Ottawa hurriedly
called me l
p-it wa.a then between two and
three in tha mornin
-and sent a despatcb,
prepared 1-.y Gregg, containing 200
or 300 wonls, giving a succinct
account of the murder that startled the
I whole country. It happcned that Greeg'.
I boarding-house l"y in the sarna direction
from the Parliament buildings as that taken
by D' Arcy .McGee, and ou hill W&y home he
gathered sufficient pa.rticulars of the trali!;edy
which had just taken place to make aver,
readable story, and hurryin
back to the
Ottawa telegraph office. had it forwarded to
his paper. All ihe other reporters at the
capital representing out
ide paper. missed
this senBational piece of news."
ON THE ST. U WR.2NCE.
During the Franco.Prussian war Mr.
Ea.ølon wall stationed a.t Father Poini on rhe
St. La.wrence. The educated Jìrfll1ch Cana.
dians 'were extremely anxious
o ascert...i.
the ne
!?rought_ out by, the w.tlkl, .t....
..

1054

1 AXD
lARKS OF TORONTO.

ers, and always drove down to hear the
\atest tidings, At Father Point Mr. Easson
received the la.test l't merican nell8, prepared
in New York. He pll\.ced it in the press
box, and addressed H to the agent of the
Associated Pr
ss in Liverpool, who distri-
buted it to t.he English papers. In this
desola.te spot
lr. Eaeson received a visit
from I\. certain ra.ther raw young law student
who was en route to Metis to
pend his sum-
mer holidays_
The YOUll
fellow Wa'3 the bearer of a letter
of introduction from Ylr. Vakers, of Toronto.
Of course, he was received hospitj!.bly, but
),11'. Easson little thought that he was enter-
taining a. mau who, in later !t>ars \'Vould as
Chancellur Boyd, make & name for hin.self
as onE: of Canada's most famous jurists. In
those days numbers of people, iustead of
spending the summer at Cacounn, holidayed
at Father Point.
In Mr. Easson's bovhood Lake Ontario
was na\"igated in win"ter. .. There was,"
sa.ys he, .. considerable commo! ion on the
arrival of the steamer, large cl'Owdø having
assemblE-d to receive goods or to welcome
friends who had come across the sea. The
vrincipal wharves:n that time were Mait-
land's, Brown's and Gonie'r, The .ttamer
was often covered with ice in verT cold
weather, but never had 01', eh difficuity Ì!l
making the wharf." Afte..' ,Mr, Easson en-
gaged with the
Iontreal 'l'clegraph Com-
pany he did not lose sip;ht of his sailor
friends, alld ottp.n hau a plea
allii talk with
them over old times.

CHAPTER CCLXXV.
THE EARLIEST NEWSPAPERS.

"fbel' anfl "\"hf're hSIlt'd-SlllglIl:tI' .
flver.
th..uu'u1s - SÜtve - Itolclcr:!ll . IUD. Sla"e-
de:tl..r...
The first newspaper publishe<1 in Upper
Ca.nada, so far as we have been a.ble to ascel'-
tain, was the Upper Crrnada Guzette, (ir
.1merican O,'acle, on Thursday, April 18,
lï9:t
The pa.per was printed by Louis Roy, :' t
Niagara, anù is but very little larger than
ordinary foolscap size, and consists of one
single sheet.
The following was the first order d veft" for
type, which was imported specially from
England in 1'j92-9
. The record is fl'om the
Archi,,'es department at Ottawa :-
Requi8ili01
Type f01' Printing G.fJice, U. C.
I fount of Brevier Roman, 2.í0 lbs.
I fount of Hrevier Italic, 1001bs.
1 fount of Lopv Primer Roman, 350 Ib9.
I fount of Long PI imer Italic, 250 lbs.
1 fount of Pied. ]{oman, 300 lbs.
1 fount of Pica Italic, 200 lbs.

I fount of Grea.t Primer Roman, 150 lbs.
1 fount of Great Primer Italic, 100 Ibs.
1 fO!lnt of Double Pica. Script, 200 lbs.
1 fount of Small Pica mack, 100 lbs,
Also the following alphabets of two-line
letters ;-
5 alphabets of 5-lil1e Pica.
7 " of 2,linc English.
8 of 2 line
mall Pica.
10 II of 2-line Long Primer.
12 of 2-line Breder.
9 of 2-line Pica.
7 of 2 line (;rea.t Primer.
K.B.-The letter founder is nquested in
ea.!:Iting these new founts to cast figures.
braces, rules, fractions, references, small
capitall', etc., and also si
ns of the zodiac,
planets, aspects, etc , and a complete a. sort-
ment of fiow
rs. King's coa.t of arms, for
folios and for quartos; besides some orna-
mented forts a.nd woods, quotations, etc.
Stu.tionery ;-40 reams ot Crowl< paper.
80 rea.ms of demi.
20 reams of foolscap.
20 reams of printing post.
6 reams of 4th gilt p!>8t.
1 reams wrapping post.
I ledger and day look.
2 barrels ink,
A supply of pa.per was sent for 1792,
which was of good quality. but for the
Uazftl
bunò]es of demy were ordered, and
ilccordmgly a requisition Was sent t.J Eng-
hmd for a supply. The old manuscript reads:
Requiðition for stationery for the Govern-
ment printint;{ offi,ce of Upper Canada, for
the year 1793.
6 bundles of printing demy.
8 reams of printing crown.
10 reams of printing post.
8 reams of folio foolscap. plain.
S reams of folio, post, plain.
9 reaml3 of quarto post, plain.
4 reams of qua.rto post, gilt.
6 reams of qUi:'t to post, bl....ck edge.
Niagara, Nov. 4tb, 1792.
SÍRneJ, I.ouls Roy, Printer.
The 6r&t article contained thereil1 is a
proclamation by" His Excellency John
\;raves Sim('of', Esquire, Lieutenant GO\'-
eruor and Coionel commanding His
la-
jesty's forcea in the pruvince of Upper
Canada, for the suppression of vice, pro-
fa.neness, and immorality." Tbis document
is iSi!ucd from
avy Hall, Nia
ara, and is
dated the IUh of April, 179:t
News travelled vel'y slowly in those days,
for the same paper aiso contained the King's
!>peech on opf'ning l'al'hamellt at \Vestmin-
!!ter on December l
th pre\'iously, rather
more than four months earlier. Among
small items of intf'lli!!encc are chroDl
led
the departure of H.
I. sloop Cald well 011

LAND:\IARKS OF TOROi\TO.

1055

April :it.h for Fort Ulltario and Kingston; Grindstones must b;we been t"eryexpen-
I\!so the arrival of the Unondago, conveying sÏ\'e 01' very scarce in those days, for no less
}lr. John Smali, Mr. Joseph :Forsyth, and than ten
uineas reward was offered in tho
ether gelltlelllen. Also id mentIOned Gazette of
Iay 31st to procure the discov
ry
that at no tim
ùuring the prec2liing winter and conviction of a thief who h,
d purloined
had there been in that ncighbourhood more oue from the King's wharf at Navy Hall.
tha.n twenty-thrce degrees of fros', that On June 6th the death of Mrs, Butler,
Lake Erie had Il('\.er heen frozen over, nnd wife of the L:mous John Butler, lieutenant-
:bat there was srarcel.r any i
e in Lake On- coionel of the noted" Rangers," is referred
tario_ to. After gi\'ing the date of her deat.h the
The paper's prospectus, strangely enough, papp.r adds :-" Few in her station have
is almost the la.:òt thing it contains.
ow-a- been more useful, none more humhlt>. She
cla.ys, when a new paper start!!, this docu, lived fifty-eight years without provokin

ment is generally the first, but Mr, Roy was envy or resentment, and left the world, as
modcst; in it he mentions that his journal a weary traveller leaves an inn, to go to the
may be procured each week fOL' an annual land of his nativity." This sentE'nce is m
subscription of three dollars. The following its conclusion somewhat obscure as to its
quamt notice is printed in the prospectus:- meaning, but the writer prob:J.bly meant
., In order to pres
nTe the veracity of this that
] rs. BuUer died happily.
paper, which will be the first object of at- The foHo,\ ing advertisement reads very
tention, it will be requisite that all trans unpleasantly when we remember the lil\6S-
actions of no domestic nature, such as dC!lths, .. Slaves cannot bre!i.the in Engla.nd! if their
m , arriages, , e , tc., be communicated under real lungs
Receive our air. that moment thny arc freE'.

lgnaturt's. They touch our country. and their bha';ö;;}es fall.
There were two a.dvertisements only, in That's noble, and bespeaks a nalion proud
one of whicÌl Stephen Secord, a relative of And jealous of the blc!'lsing."
the famous Laura
ecord, is referred to. .. FIVE DOLLARS REWARD.
The Ga:ette of April 23 contains the report Ran away from the subscriber, on 'Yed.
of thc
ational convention held in Paris, nesday, the 25th of June last, a negro man
,January 15th, 1793, when Louis XVI. \'Tas servant named John. \Vho ever will take
condemned to death, the verdict being up the said negro man, and return him to
.. that Louis Capet is guilty of high treason his master shall receive the above reward
and of att
mpt3 agabst the general saftlty and all necessary charges.
of the State." THO'IAS BUTLER,"
In that publi-hed on May 2nd the pro- " K. H.-All persons are forbid harborin

ceedings of a general court martial held in the sa.id negro man at their peril. Niagara,
Quebl'c on certain soldiers of the Royal 3rd July, 1793."
:Fusiliers is recorded. The charge against One peculiarity in ma.ny of the advertise-
them wa.s that of inciting to mutiny. Some ments contained in this old 'i>aper is that
ldea of the Draconian severity of the mili. some, thougi1 not all, of them are printed
tary penal code may be gleaned from the both in French and English. The list of
the sentences passed upon those whom the Acts passed by the Legislative Assemhly of
court found guilty. One, a man named Upper Canada is published in the paper,
Jame
Draper. was sentenced to be shot, issued July 18th. 1793, and, strangely
and of tbe remaining prisoners one was to enough, a.re all enumerated not in both
receiv.' seven hundred. la!lhes, another five languages, but in French only. Among
buudred, and vet another f('ur hunàred. these Acta was one .. to encourage the de-
What was .probably 1 he first agricultural stroying of wolves and bears in different
society in the Upper Province held its parts of this province," and another to
mc.nthly meeting on April 27th, apparently " prevent the jurther introduction 0; slaves
at
iagara, though the report dol:'s not say and to limit the term of contracts for ser-
so; at a.ny rate they secured a subscription vitude within this province."
from Governor Simcoe of ten !!uilleas each Th" name of Samuel Street often appears
yeat. ,. while he shall continue in the admin- in these early Gazettes. In one par,icular
istration of this province.' advertisement this gentleman requests pay-
'Vhat would be thought of such a para.- ment of cerhin monevs due to him, and
graph as the following if it appE'ared in a, warns his deQtors thãt unless they pay
paper of to.day? It reads :-" '! he general Rpeedily ,. he will be under the necessity of
topick of discoursE' throughout the 'V orld is putting them to cost." Other times, other
the multiplied follies and crimes of the manners probably, but anyone who now,a,-
French nation," Pretty 1:ard on that na.'ion, days attempted to collect his account3 in 8.
but so wrote the Uppn Canada Gazette a. I similar mat
ner would Tt'ry soon find his
little more than a hundred years ago. . business, like Othello'
occupaticn,
one !

1036

LAKD
lARKS OF TORO:XTO.

An interesting and also 3.n amusmg adver-
tisement i
fdulU) in the issue of August 1st
in the same year. 1793. It is as follows :-
.. Lost or left on Mr. Johnson's premist's. a
pinchbeck watch with a lar(!e gold seal,
marked with the initials J. M. K. Whoever
will bring it lc the printer shall receive Half
a joe, without any questions Leing asked,"
'I he reward here offered app
at.;;; a. some,
what sir'gular one. A" joe," or .. joey," in
EnglAnd is a slang term for a. fom.penny
piece, this coin having first been iasued at
the in.tance of Josepa Hum!:!, M.P., but
the period just refcrred to is m3.ny years
anterior to tha.t of the honorable gentleman,
80 in this connection it evidently means som.-
thing eise. 'fhiii!" joe" may ha.ve been a Por-
tuguese cold coin in circulation both in Upper
and Lower Canada in the la.tter part of the
last and ea.rly years of the present century.
.its va
ue was fixed bv an Act of the Im-
perial l'arliament, passéd in 1777, at;[4 cur-
rency. which was equivalent to $16 of our
present currency. The term Co joe' is a
contraction f '1' .. Joha.nnes," which was the
full deii!cription of this coin, It must have
gone out of m.e completely Tery early in this
century. for the late Chief Justice Dra.per,
in giving evi:lencð before the Decimal Coin-
age Commission in 1857, says regarding the
circ\11ation of Upper Can ad... in 1820: --" Of
gold we sa..v very little except the Engli
h
guinea. the value of which by provincial
statute a.t 'hat time was ;[1 3s. 4d. I do
not remember to have seen any other gold
coin in circula.tion at that tima, "
But another authority says" Half a Joe"
was a cant term for lull a dollar, and con-
sidering the sms.Il value ot the lost properly
this seems a likely reward.
C...rpenters for the new publ
.building8
to be erected in York were ad vertised for on
J uly lO
h, 1794. Application for employ-
lUent wa.s to be made either to John
l('Gill.
Esq" at York, or to Mr. Allan McNab, at
Navy Hall. These buildings were those
erected in the east end of the city, near
where Parliament street now be
ins, and
'we:e destroyed by tht:! Americans on April
27th, 1813.
Two advertisements regarding the army
appear in the same paper. The first offercs
.. Ten guineas, Bonnty "loney, to all Gentle-
men V 01unteer8 who were willing to inlist
(sic} thCi11selves in His Majesty's 5th Regi.
ment of Foot, then in the Garrison of
Niagara. "
The advertiaement goea on to say that on
their being approved of, th...t; is 'he gentle-
men volunteers, they would "be cloathed,
&coutred, victualled and paid agreeable to
his Majesty's r
gulation8."
'''ha.t the advertisement eays is all well

enough, hut tha mischief was in wha.t it left
unsaid and what to th
ir cost recruÍLa; only
found out when it was too late, namely, that
the c08t of their entire equipment had to be
borne bv th:: soldiers themsel ves. and that
when tiies
things WE're provided there was
little if any remaining of the much vaunted
ten guineas bounty money. Old 1I)ve
letters after thIrty or forty years
oftentimes read ,'ery grimly in the light of
the married life of the writers, a.nd these
a.dvertisements for recruits for the Imperia.l
army, wherein the advantages and delights
of soldiering are vividly portra.yed, are in
strange contr
st to the &C30unts often pub-
lished, all but side by side with th
m, of
men in the said armv beinlit condemned to
death, and to puñishments which from
their brutality were almost worse thll.n death,
for desertion and other purely milita.ry
offences. The other advertisement it is need-
less to refer to.
A change occUlTed in the managcffient of
the Gazette very early in DecemLer, 1794.
Louis Roy ceased to be the publisher,
and G. Tiffany reigned in his st ad.
The Gazette of 'Vednesday December 10,
1794, announces the death, by the guillo.
tine, of Robespierre, Henriot and Du-
ma.s, on tile 28th of the previous
July, as well as that of many more
of the misguided men who had shared the
guilt of briugin2 Louis XVI, Marie Antoin.
ette, and the Duchess Angouleeme, with
scores of other'i less exalted in stanon, to
the scaffold. The Gazette sententiously re-
marks in recording the fall of Robespierre
and his colleagues: " Whoever renders him,
self powerful enou,gh *0 attempt t') set him-
seìf above the law, ought in everyone ot
his fellow citizens to find a. Brutus The
overwhelming il1flueneoe of a single man is
the most dangerous scourge of a republic. Jt
Another advertisement relating to slave
dealing is f.und In the Gazette of AUR;ust 19,
1795, James Clark, senior, of Niagam, ad-
vei,tising that " A Negro Wench" named
"Sue" had run a.way from him a. few weeks
previou.ely. Mr. Clark, though, offered no
rewa.rd for her recovery, yet he "forewa.rned
all manner of persons from harboring said
wench under the penalties of the laws."
The following notice also appears in the
same paper:-
" For sale, for three years, from the 29th of
this pre!'lent month of July,
A NEGRO WENCII,
Named Chloe, 23 years old, under!!tands
washing. cooking, etc. Any gentleman
wishing to purchase, or employ her by the
year or month, is requested to apply to
ROBERT FRANKLI
J
Newark. July 25. l'i95."

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

1057

In these distant day marriages were not I following expressions: Tha.t. lightning ws..
",.imply described as such the column wherein a fluid, that it could be extracted from the
they are printed being headed .. Hymeneal clouds at any time and that it could be
Journal." made by man, and tbat by it he could kill a
On October 5th in the Ea'ne year there is man or creature, and that thunder is
printed a soliloquy by :,11'. Quinn, on seeing no more the v"ice of God than ie
the body of Duke Humphrey in the Abbey any other noise and is the report of the
church of St, Aib,I.1l's, Hertfordshire. It was lightning, (the declaring thb.t he could ex-
in these words :- trac
the li
,tening is delJmed seli snper
omnipotency), and iastly, tha:; the earth
has two motions, one round the sun, and
that the sun Etands still."
The Magistrate appears to ha.ve had rather
more sense than the complainants, for he
very properly refused to send the accUl!ed
for trial, but the papel' adds "it was not
improbable that it would issue from another
quarter, and If so the country will have ex.
hibited to them a specimen of pious zeal
sllch a.s has never been exhibited since the
time of Ga.lileo. "
Judging from the poetIcal "new ca.tech-
ism" which appeared in April li97, there
were some peuple in those far away times
who were in very bad odor with their neigh-
bor!! ; the question asked ill .. \Vhat is the
chief end of man !" and this i
the reDlv :
.. To gather up riches to cheat all he
a

To fla.tter the rich the poor to despise,
To pamper the fool, to humble the wise,
The rich t.o assist, to do all in his power
To kicK the unfortunate still a. peg lower.
To cry up for freedom, to defend her with
vigor,
Have slaves without number, and use thew
with rigor,
To deal fair with all men when riches a.ttend
them,
'1'0 grind down the poor when there's none
to defend them,
To induce the fair vIrgin to accept his em-
brace,
To cast on her then all the shame and dis-
grace,
To be angel without and devil withm,
To pretend to an virtue and practice a.ll
sin,
This is most men's chief end, or their actions
belie them,
And if you don't believe it, you may e'en go
and try them.
A little cloud II no larger than a man'.
hand" is noticed in the paper issued on
1ay
3, li97, which contains the intellÏ:!ence of
the earliest tronble with the Unite1-States,
the notice concludes. II it seems reduced
almost to a cert=\int)- that war with them
is inevitable. Nevertheless, war did ::tot
take place for fifteen years later, but the
cloud waxed larger and larger, and eventu-
ally did burst.
\Ve also have a glance at a long disba.nded
corps in this sa.me paper, as it containa a

"A Plague on Egypt;; art. I 8ay I
Embalm the dead 1 On loveless clay
H.ich wine and spice8 waste!
Uke Stur
eon. or like Brawn, 8haUI
Bound in a precioui pickle lie,
\\7hich I can never taste I"

"Let me embalm this clay of mine
\Vith turtle soup and Bourdeaux wine
And spo:l the Egyptian trade;
Than good Duke Humpbrey. happier I,
:Emba.lmed alive; old Quinn shall die
A mummy read)" made."
The Mr. Quinn who uttered these words
was the celebrated actor, the friend of the
poet Thomson. It is related of the former
that he had been the instructor in English
literature and in the art of elocution to
George III. When Quinn heard how well
the Kin
delivered his first speech to the
Houses of Parliament in 1760 he rapturously
exclaimed, "I ta.ught that boy." B.e died
in ßath in 1766.
A very pretty qnarrel between a certain
prominent
ublic official at Niagara
and the farmers oi the same place
comes to the surface in the following adver-
tisement, the official's name is only given in
tLsterisks corresponding with the number of
letters contain
d therein, but everyone
knew who was mea.nt, and the story did Ø not
die out in Niagara for many long years
aherwards.
liTo Mr.-
" The ill mallnt>rs a.nd unjust equivocation
you too frequt:ntly use with farmers, myself
being one, when they call on you for pay-
ment, are insufferable, and as you have
been threatened with a publication of this
kind. without ha,'ing the desired effect of
reforming you, this modest hint is given
that you may have a. further more particular
explanation. Others are joined with me in
wishing the preservation of your priva,te
and public honor by your leaving oft. those
little practices, and when we shall be ex-
cused from our promise of our never trust-
ing you aga.in to the most trifling ó.mount."
In March, 1 i97, a report is given of a
charge of blasphemy preft'rred before a
magistrate, against. an inhliobitant of Forty
Mile Greek :-" The magistrate, taking a
little time for consideration, entered into a
separate and particuiar exa'Ilination of tht:.
witnesses and cffender, a.nd collected these
facts, that in converaa.tion he had used the

1058

LAND
iARKS OF TORONTO.

:paragraph announcing (I that the 2nd Bat.
talion of Canadian volunteers are to relieve
this (Niagara) and the neighboring posts,
.and that the Queen's RIngers a.re to be
stationed at York. These ,'oluntcers were
a colonial corps in Imperial pay, raised
for service in Uanada only. In that re:>pect,
and in that respect only. were they differcl1t
from the troops of the regular army. They
enjoyed all its privileges, such as they were,
and were subject to all its punishments. snch
as thev were also.
On
.May 31st a correspondent writing
unùer the nom de plume of .. Amicus,"
strongly advocated the e-tablishment of
annua.l horse races. From his letter it w;)uld
appear that nothing of the kind had been
previously attempted. Amicus, among
other reasons in favor of the project, says it
would, if carried out, promote "an inter-
course of commerce, friendship ; nd socia-
bility between the people of this provincEo
and those of the neighboring parts of the
United States." It may he here added that
the plan was carried out. an I in all
probability these were the first public
race meetings that .t'Jere ever held ill Upper
Ca.nada. They too
;; place on July 6th.. 7th.,
aud 8th., 1797. "over the llew course on the
plains ot Newark." The tota.l amount of
money offered in prizes was thirty guineas
anel "no one was permitted to ride unless
dr ssed in a short. round jacket. Caps not
being to be had, a black hanùkerchief must
be worn as a substitute," Such were .some
.... tne h
arling rules The ste \\'ards were
Ralphe Clench. Alexander Ste\nrt and
Peter Tolman.
J.here was but one Gazette published be-
tween July 5th and September 27th and un-
fortUllately no copy is uow to be had. Titus
G. Simons succeeded George Tiffany a.s editor
aud publisher on September 27th., and ill
issuing his first number he "with pleasure
as!Ures the public, that 8. ma.il
is established to rnn to the United Sta.tes
garrison of Nia.ga.ra, which opens a corres-
pondence with every part of the U niterl
States and the Province of Nova Scotia,
New Brunswick, etc.. and which will be a
continual source of new and interesting in-
telligence. "
.\lessrs. \V. and I. Crooks advertised on
October 4th tha.t thev wanted to purchase
.. A NEGRO
IRL frim 7 to 12 years of age,
of gooå disposition."
J he paper, though, does not say if these

entlemen succeeded in realizing their wish.
It is to b. hoped that they too, like the girl
rfl<}uired, were" of good disposition."
[n the issue of October 21st is printed the
!Speech of one David "'Vood. r.tade a. short
time previ.ously while standing in the pillory

"'t Charlestown, New Haclpshire, for forging
a. deed. It is impossible to "iv

the whole speech on account of its length,
indeed the gist of it is contained in his
first an 1 last para., ra.phs, It commellCPS :
" Sympat.hising friends: You come here this
.lay to see a sad sight, a p<..or old man pub-
lidy disgraced for attemptin'{ to make a
penny out of fifty acres of Vermont rocks,
and yet I see some here in gay coats and
mouuted on naggish horses wno ha.ve made
thousands out of lands to which vou ha.d no
more title than I to Da.vid Dray'Eo rocks.
l;ut you great rogues who wear silver
spurs and white beaver hats. and flourish
your loaded whips, forget wha
you once
were, drink your
iadeira and talk of your
millions of acr
s, and sit at your ease,
while poor I, who have speculated a little,
ill a fifty-acre Jot, which would not maintain
a woodchuck, must sta.nd hf\re; for I il.m a
liltle rogue and have no pretentions to be a
great speculator."
The delinquent then proceeds to give par-
ticulars of great frauds perpetrated by land
and mining companies, and thus concluàes :
.. Take warning by my sad fate and if you
IliUSt IiIpeculate in lands, let it be in millions
of acres. and if you must be rogues take
warning by my unhappy fate and become
great rogues, fcor as it is s..id in a pair of
verses I reaù when I was a boy.
.. Little villains must submit to fate,
That great ones may enjoy the world in
state,
And agaiJ\-
A little knav'ry is a dangel'ous thing.
Great cheats will flourish, while the sma.ll
ones swing."
'Vhatever we may think of Mr. \Vood's
morality, tht:re can be no possible doubt
that he wa& 110 very shrewd observer of
thmg!! in general.
The Gazette's da.y of publication was al-
tered on October 21st from Thursday to
"":aturday, and in the number published on
December 2nd, intelligence is
iven of the
reported death during his passage from San
Domingo to London of Lieut. .CoJ. Little-
hales, who had forwerly filld the office of
Secretary to the Lieutenant Governor,
General Simcoe This report happily turned
out to b. untrue.
Prior to 1890 the Gazette was removed
from Niagara to York. The printers were
within sight of a libel suit for publishing a
IdLer reflecting on a very worthy citizen of
York, Mr. \\ ilIiam Allan, the founder of
Moss Park, and the father of the Hon. G
W.
A, Han The publishers of the Gazette had
inserted a letter from" A Farmer" reflectin

on
lr. Allan, and that gentleman promptly

LAND
\IARK8 OF TORONTO.

1059

c,\lle<Í the attention of the (;overnor t'J the the day of sale, to be secured by bond. Bus
fact. The printers evidently made matters one-fourth \nIl be t ken for ready money.
right, for they wert> not dismised, but con- :PETER RUðsKLL JI
tinued t}}e publication of the paper. Anything more cold-blooded it is difficuh
The com?laints were made the subject of to imagine. "Pegg
and a boy, her son,"
a special meeting of the Executive Council, might be horses or caUlf\ from the way in
The minutes read :- which they are spoken of. Yet Peter
UOUNCIL CILUIBER AT YORK, [-(,ussell could and did eloq uendy declaim for
23th Ma.rch, 1800. freed3m and agalUst tyrauny of all kiuds.
This advertis
ment appeals from Peler
Preseut: t-:ussall to .Peter Russell, Comment is need-
The Hon. John Elmsley, Chief Ju
tice. les
.
'I he Hon. Peter Russell. Passing from Upper Canadian pd.pers we
The Hon. ../Eneas Shaw. nowturntoLowerC
nada"TheQuebecGa:uUe
Mr. Allan, a merchant in York, com- is supp03'i:d :;0 be the oldest publica.tion in
plained of an artic e inserted in the that proviuce being first issued in 1764: or
Gazette of the 22nd ibst., and sigued .. A possibly a very little earlier. The Mon-
Farmer," which states him to be a candidate treal GIJ,':Xtte first appeared in 1787
for the County of York at the ensuing elec- or early in 1788. Like its namesake
tion. Mr. Allan stated that the assertion of Upper Canada the Quebec paper was
is entirely without fouudation, and is a very small one and would have been
apprehensive that if it reaches the persons much smaller but for the fact that a.ll
With whom he is conu
cted in the Lower I notices aud advertisements, the whole paper
Provi
ce, and IS u
co?tradicted, it may very in fact, was prin ed in p
rallel columna of
materially o.ffect his lllterests. French and .l!>urlish 'lhat continued for
The nûard conceives that the printers are Ir.any years, then gradua.lly some of the
highly culpable in having inserted au article advertisements were in j!'rench and some in
in their paper without authority. Hu
on En
lish, and many oï them in very b&d
lookiug at the rest of the article, it thinks it , English too, but so also were t,he French.
absolutely necessary to direct the Chief so thinas were eq na1. All official ùocuments
Justice immediately to transmit the paper to alwaysOappeared iu both languages.
hi
Excelle
lcy, with t?ereq
es.:;oftl
e B.oard As regards the advertisemeut!!, exceptin
.
that the prIuters be Imme,h'.l.
ely
dismlssed of course, that ma.ny rtlfer to ocean-going
fr
)ln thelr ?ffice, and. that his
xce,lleucy vessels and none to sill. very,
hey differ very
will avaIl himself of his present sItuatlOn to little from those contaiued in the Upner
prC?cure some other periloll to Le King's Canadian paper. (jut there is one essential
Prmter. difference between the two publications.
...'lfÙwles 33th March, 1800. I The elder confiues itself who:ly to business.
Read a petition from :Me5sr... 'Vaters and
o ,. quip:!, cr:1.uks or oddities" are allowed
Simons, King's Printers. a.ckno .dedging to eliter its columus. It is grave aud emin-
their error in havmg inserted in the Oazettf' ently respectable a.ll the \vay through. On
of laa-t
aturday an essay aigned .. A th, other h
nd, its sis
e.. sheet of :Niagara.,
Farmer," and thro\ving themgelves upon his and latt:r 01: Yor", whlle equally respectable.
Exceilency's clemency for fOi"giveness, does not disdain to treat its readers of ten-
Recommended. that the Chief Justice be times to ridiculous jests, ludicrous rhymes
directed to transmiç a copy of this petition and amnsing stori. s.
to his Excellency, . Anotller among th
carly newspapers was
Thi:; is yet another refert'llce to slavery in the Canada Constellation, like the Gt,zette,
the columus 01: the Gazette in Februa.ry, printe.l at Niagara, by S. & H. Tiffany.
lM06, contained in this advertisemeut:- .. Opposite the Liou Tavern," The latter of
"ro be sold, a black woman, named these two gentlemen has been m
t with pre-
Peggy, aged 40 years, and a black boy, her Tiously. He wa
the printer of the Gazette.
son, named Jupiter, aged about 15 \'ears, succeeding Lo.uis Roy. The first number of
both of the
the property of the subscriber. I the Cor:.stellc:tzol
appeared on . Friùay, July
The womllon 18 a tolerable cook aud washer- 19th, 1199, Its pubhshers mak11lg the foHow-
woman, anò perfectly understands makinJ;{ iug adJre!!s :-
boap and candlelJ. The boy is tall and TO THE PUBLIC,
s1;ron" for his age, and has been employed On commenciug a new publicaüoll much
in the country business, but brought up is expected in the address of the pub-
priucipally as a honse servant. Thev are lishers, a.nd to perform this with
each of t.hem servants for life. The. price gracefuluess on our pa.rt on this occa
of the woman is $150, For the boy $200, sion and ill a country where the
Davable iu three vears with intt!rcst from underta ,in
IS reallv novel 8.Dd

lOGO

LAND
IARKS OF TORONTO.

all by its proprietors. They on y rL'g:retteli
II tha' they had not killed it to save its lifc"
I!ome time previously.
The Upper Cauada Gazette chauged its
namA on April 15th, 18G7, to that of Y orli:
Gazette, and was for a long time published
nnder that title, later it agam took it

former title, becominst a purely official
journal. There ill little to add about Ca.na.
dian newspapers in the day. that have Leen
treated ')f namely, those vrior to the war of
1812, When peace wall cóncluded a Dew era.
.et in, which muat be apoken of sepa.ratelv,
it havin,! little if any connection with the
earliest history of Canadian journalism,

important, is a task, though indispensable,
8uperior to the taunts our - greatest 't'anity
can boa.st, we therefore, like the youthful
orator. advance to tbe stage, blush, bow,
excite compassion, retire to collect our-
.elves, and return to act with more fortitude
\he part of the drll.ma allotted to us, and to
receive the plaudits of the ODce disappointed
audience.
The publishers then proceed to say what
'will be the- object and aims of their paper,
and conclude in a .. high state of ,-irtuous
admiration" of themselves, as 1\11'. \\T cller
would remark, by sayin
"the purity of our
intentions flatter us with the expectation of
at last obtaining the nrdict of gooel and
Jaithf1tl servants. "
Under date Au!!ust 31.d, 1799, the Con.
fe! I
lation refer& to " The wilderne!s from York I
to the Bay of Quillte is 120 miles. A road of l..Ielitenant-t;1oVf'rnor.; Ilunterand Gore :md
this distance through it is contracted out by tilt' CanatlhnUi-_'-1i ,-\"llrf'
to tbe rr
IH'e
Governme-nt to Mr. Danforth, to be cu
and I Bf'gent ftlul "110
i
uetl t..
completed by July 1st, next. In the same Mr. Peter-Hunter was appointed Lieuten-
i.sue is contained this ant Go,-ernlJr of Upper Canada on August
EPITAPH ON A LAWYER, 17 , 1799, and retained that office untii Sep-
Here lies the vile dust of the '!Iinfullest tember, ì805, when he was succeeded bv
wretch, Mr. Alexander Grant as President of th

That ever the devil delayed to fetch; Council, who acted in tha.t capacity until
And the readt'r wil1 j;!;rant it was neediul he August, 1806, when he was followed by, as
shonld, Lieutenant Governor, :\11'. Francis Gore.
When he saw he was coming as fast as he During President Hunter's term of office
could. a great deal of ill-feeling and dissatisfaction
No hint is give-n as to who the lawyer wo.s had arisen in the colony. The Executive
aDd probably it is quite as well that the Council were now elective, bein
chosen by
Constellation preserved a judicious &ilence on the Governor, and could be removed by him
the subject. There is little to provoke com. at his own pleasure for any rea801l or for no
meDt in this paper, it had a very short life, rea.son. The whule of the revenue of the
dl!lappearinjz in lesB than twelve months. Province,was in the hands of the Govern-
It was suoceeded by the NiaO'ara Herald ment, and they exercised their patronage
very early in 1800 under the m
nagement of nOli for the public good but for the benefit of
Silvester Tiffany. The lierald thus des- themselves and their friends. A large sum
cribes the decease of its predeces
or: "Its of rr.oney, neady if not quite $250,000, Was
publishers," meaning those of the cODstella- set asille and supposed to be expended year
tion, "departing too much from its constitu- by year in gratuitios and gifts to the In-
tion, (advance pay.) it expired some months dians, but complaints were openly made, to
since with starvation, Ãt its death it left a say nothing of suspicions Îreely indulged in,
rich lef.{acy of advice to its parents and that some, at any rate, of this money failed
nurses. and with a strict cha
ge tor its faith- to reach the people for whom it was intend.
ful administration. Accordingly the St'Inior ed. Such was the state of affairs on the
printer of that paper accepts the painful accession to office of Mr. Gore in 1806. Like
task of an executor, and - throws on the his predec6ßllors, this gentleman listened
public protection another paper entitled the wholly So his Council, and was j},'uiùed by
HERALD, ., them in his policy. 1'hings grew from
The Herald's earlier numbers were all bad to worse. and it is Dot so much to be
printed on course blue wrl\oppin
paper, very wondered at that the United States authol"Ì-
soft and very thick, then for a. time it was ties mistook the people's feelin
s of ùisslI.tis-
il!sued on what may be described as whitish faction witb t,he state of political affairs for
paper and later still aga.in re\-erted to blue. disloyalty to the mother country. A most
It was at no time larjzer than a sbE'et of o.musinl! instance of this mistaken idea is
foolscap writing paper indeed not quite so I given üs
I) tbe bombastic proclamation
big. Like its predecessor its life was brief issued to the Caandian people by Hener&!
and its trials many. It died finally from Hull, of the U. S. A., 20th July, 1812,
ina.'Iition, un mourned by any one. least of wherein he offers the former the alternatives

CHAPTER CCLXXVI.
A LONG FORGOTTEN INCIDENT.

I
_-\XD:\lARKS OF TORONTO.

of pea.ce, freedom a.nd security as citizens of
United Slat s, or war, desolation and exter-
mination if they remained under the shadow
of the British flag.
This discontent among the people culmi-
nateù in complaints from the grand juries to
J udgtJ Thorpe, and this is what happened,
and the quota
ion given is from D, B" Read"s
.. Life" of the Judge of whom we are .peak,
ing :-
.. The minds of numbers of tl:e people,
and even the minds of certain officials of the
Uo\'erument, were impressed with the idea
that there was too much oliga.rchical rule in
the province, that the executive authority
set at defiance the will of the people a8
expreased through their representath'es,
Then the jud
es were eligible for elec:-'ion as
rnembf:rs of Parliament, * * * * ..I ud
e
Thorpe accðpted the candidature to Parlia.-
ment ûffered him by the people of the Home
Distric'. 'j his fh"ed the breast of the Gov-
ernor and oli
archy of the period. Mr.
Surveyor-Genel"al Wyatt and Sheriff WiH-
cocks were of one mind with the Judge, and
thereiore opposed to the Go "ern or. The
Governor carrying out the doctrme of the
time, the ð.ivine right of kings r.nd tl
eir
satraps, that might makes right, determined
to rid himself of the Judg., and the Sur-
vðyor-Genel'30L"
And GO\ ernor Gore, who, however auto-
cratic he might be, was thoroughly honest
and heartily believed in Illmself. carried his
determination into practice, and in 180ï
both Judge and 8urveyor,Generai were re-
lieved from office. Two actions u.t law were
the result, the plaintiffs I eing Wyatt and
'I.'horpe, the defendan:; Francis Gore. The
jury found for the plaintiffs, with hea\'y
damages in both ca.ses"
In September, 1811, Mr. Gore obtained
leave of abaence to visit (4;ndal.ld. He had
scarcelv sailed when the followin{T address
W8.S señt from ma.ny Canadians for"'presenta-
tion to the Prince Reg, nt :-
TO illS ROYAL HIGHXESS THE PRIXCE RKG!:NT.
.May it please your Royal Highness. \\' e,
his :\lajesty's dutiful and loyal fJubjects the
undersigned freeholders, householders and
other inhabitanis of the capita.l and home
district of his Majesty.s province of Upper
Canada, be
leave to approach your Royal
Highness and to express in common with
others, his )lajesty.s lubjects, the deep re-
gret we feel upl)n being made acquainted
\\ ith the ill state of health, our beloved
SoYerei
n at present labors under and which
haa called your Royal Highness to the exer-
cise of th9 supreme functions of the United
Kin
dom of Great Bl"Ítain and Ireland,
Firml)" attache'} to the House of Bruns-
wick and the British constitution

1061

under a con viction that it affords, wheu re-
li
iously and honesth administered, all that
security of perSOll and property which it i

possible to expect to enjoy under any social
comp:J.ct whatever, and which attachment
some of the undersigned ha.ve not hesiia,ted
in cementing with I heir blood. the los8 of
their property, and the separation from their
relations nnd friends during the revolution-
ary war in America.. Priding ourselves in
being a ramification of the Empire of Great
Britain ItoIld Ireland, it has ever been au
anxious wish to rendel" our a.cknowlede;-
ments of the benefits it was the intention of
OUI" Graciou'!l
overeign we should enjoy in
this distant part of his dominions, but it is
with the deepest rel!ret; we are compelled to'
stató to your Royal Highness that the in,
tentions of your Royal Father have bétDI
re:Jdered abortive and unsucces5ful by the
illtrigue and interruption of designing and
intere!ited men who have been placed in
the gOTernment of thIS colony.

1any of the undersigned, after the conclu-
sion of the revolutionary wa,r which separat-
ed the colouies from the mother country'
were left without a home, His Majesty, with
that benign goodness which has so distin-
guished hid long reign, selected tois province
a!i au asylum for hIs suffering loyalists, anll
invited them to repair hither under promiøe3
worthy the sovereign who bestowed them,
and althou(!h many of the undersigned had
sacrificed well-cultivated estates and large
es
ablishments. yet they hesitated not a.
moment in choosing between returning to
the enjoyment of those comforts they had so
recently left under the ne\y order of things,
and sittin
them&elves down in a wildernes:il
under the British constitulion. and thereby
submitting to privatiol.ls beyond the power
of expressIOn; but with what astonishment;
and regret have they beheld ti.e system of
partiality and corruption that has been
pursueii in the distribution of those
bounties held out by our graciou:i
sovereign to his I\uff
ring a.nd dis-
tressed loyalists, some favorites being
profusely rewarded, while other:il of eq11al,
if not superiOI" daims w
re unable to obtain
those just rewards their loyal ty to thei:-
kin{! and attachment to t;he Britiah cause
had induced their Sovereign to promise.
Blessed by .Providence wIth a fertile soil,
capable of producing all the comforts oÎ hfe,
our attentioD has been in a particular man-
ner turned towarås the raisl11g and cultiva.
:.ion of hemp uuder a penuasion that while
it held out a prospect of rewarding the cui,
tivator it might in some mea.8ure be vene-
ficial to the mother countn-, at a time when
the cha.nnels through which they usually
obtained a SUDDiv of that article had been.

1062

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

by the aSIJendancy of het. most i1l\'eterate Stephen B
undige
enem y . shut U P , Even t.hls ant
ci p ation of L'3vi Br'undige
Jacob De Long
gratitude towards OUT mother country has \Vm. B. Peters, Atty-
been rendered of no effect by the injudicious fit-Law
and narrow policy of the Executive of the J. B. Lotman
colony in the: selection of persons with l

:
merfeld

whom the cultivator had to dea.l. Gideon Orton
With the most heartfelt satisfaction I beO' Jacob Luckmann
lell.ve to express to your Royal Highness lIU'; l .Jededih\BrittoD
gratitude and thanks for the removal of Mr. Joseph
Tumbleson
'Gore from the government of this colony, m
rk
a.nd we íurt
ler
e
leave to s,tale that
P?n James h
::ITissell
a retrospective view ot 1\11'. GOre's admlllls- mark
tration it will be made apparent that his .Joseph LyoDs
measure!! ha'-e been uniformly calculated to Jacob Pin,geI
disunite and create distrust amongst his George !.'Illgel

fa.jesty's loyal and faithful subjects in this Joseph h
Foyce
province; and although endeavors may be mark
made by Mr. Gore's adherenti for the pur- Jo
n.
.lo
Tf}
f . . h . 1I.Jr' · 1 . WIlham Spafford
pose 0 l:npresSlllg upon IS J.>L!LJesty S 1\ In, Stephen MoO! e
i8ters the o.ppt'obation of the people of this \Villiam Hush
COIODY of Mr. Gore's administration, and Jno. H;l\res
!hereby deceive your .Royal Highness, yve John 1
\'om1insoD
Implore your' Royal Highnegs not to reCeIve rr.ark
such representation as the I{encro.l voice his
of the inhabitants of this province. but a, Jacobm
r
ook
that of a very partial part of the senile of the his
people of this colony, and principally th030 Jacob x Cloyn
onlv who have been loaded with .\lr. Gore's
ark
fav
r8 and partook of a. share in his coer- I John xlCIOyn
ciODS and mal-administratilln. I mark
Shùnld it please the Supre
e DLspose
of
aniel
. Orton
Kingdoms to remove o
r gracIOUS SovereIgn 1
::: T

fi
son
from a mortal to an Immortal throne, we MichaelBowmll.n
humbly implore in mercy that He may bless

e!' VsnaUany
y
ur Royal Highness with a long and happy } og
a6Ye

:

:
nen
reign, and tha.t you may prove the chosen Lewis Dennis
instrument in the hand of heaven to Tan- Samuel Mercer
quish and overcome the public as well as Augustus Bates
t . f. 0 r Ro y al H se d th Wm. Hunter
øeCl:e enemles 0 y u ou
n e Rich. L Lippincott
nation. over whom your Royal HIgl.ness Cornelius Anderson
may be called to govern, Andrew McGlashan
Y OBK. Province of Upper Canada, 24th {
ei
\

,
K?:r

October, 18Il. Lconard Marsh
John :r.'lilla Jaokson James S. Browl. John Young
F. Bingle Samuel Morton Isaac \Vilson
Joseph Shepfterd Jon9.than H:trt GeorKc Bond
hi. Tnomall Mercer Andrew Sharp
W1lliam x H.Igh W * illiam Bate. John McDonald
mark. William Soules
Ja.cob Delong, jr.. John Cameron
Oliver - · Tholl. -.. Uzal Wilson
Paul Willcutt, Jr. Conrad Grom Peter Flesher
Alex, Mon
omery l.I 'nry White Jarvis Ashley
Simeon Mortin John Soulell JII.mcs Warren
JJ.cob Cumnler Aaron Soules Jobe Kinnee
John Fordham \\ïnthrop Crasby J..lmes Dulc.:>tt
Walentine Fieher hia Henry *
:Michael Whitmore John x Cook Benj. Davis
Leonard Ashley m&rk. his
Jacob Kinr.ee Joseph Brown Samuel x LeWIS
Corneliul Van Nor. h. mark
atra.nd Quatz, x Isaa.c Duclus
Jame. Vall Nostrand mark his
Habram Devens Benjamin Stiles Ira >. White
Simeon Devens Ansel HritÞ>n mark
Nicbol&.'i De LanK Ebenezer Cooke Lary Davis
J 01N IktnKli
e Rodolf Black John Chapman

Rcuben 'Vait
:Martin Snide.'
Jacob Snider
Phillip Wiegman
Marotin Elsworth
Alex. Montgomery
John Montgomcry
Peter RoseauLa "'renclI
\Villiam Gray
Stillwcll Willson
Eber. Wightc
Geor..e liuKhron
Michael Ficher
John \\ïlson
-.- Colboth
Lcond Klincker
Anthony HOllingshead
jl'.
John Hong
his
Oreal x Hudion
mark
his
Da viù x Adair
mark
Asa Patrick
Timothy \Vheeler
Juss Fludgen
John Price, late Adjt.
Brit. Le
. Cavy.
JO:3eph Hill
l
aac Columbes
'1'hos. Stoyell
Cornelius Anderson. jr
Samuel Arnold
,John Willson
John Willson. jr
j':1ihu Peaee
George T. Davi
on
Luke Stotenbourgh
Charles Denison
his
Jacob x Anderson
mark
\VilIiam Thomson
hl8
Robert x Stuart
mark
Oliver Prenti.
Henry la Man
Benjamin de Ling
Charles Willcocks,for,
merly Ensign 3rd
Bal t., 60th HeKimont
or Royal Americans.
Joseph Vancise
James Ozburn
Joseph Ozburn
J ame,., Ross
James Giennon, Burg,
G. Wilkock!i. M.P
Peter Howard, 1\1, P..
for the CoUnty ot
Leed.
John Willson. M. P.
Ge Jrge Cary
Sa.m j<
verson
James Everson
Thomall 1\1::Jrcer
\V m. D. J ackliou
Samuel Jackson, Junr.
J oscvh J acksoa
Phillip Blown
J .hn M. Dougall, Junr
\V iIliam Moody
J;\cob :Miller
David Miller
Jacob Miller
,nll1am McBride
Jeremiah Browu
George Howe

.

HONORABLE THO:\L-\.S lUDOUT-Surveyor General of Upper Canada, 1810, and subse-
quently (182-1) a. member of the Upper Cana,dian Leg'Íslati\-e Council, was born in Sherborne
Dorsetshire, Eng., on
:1arch Ii,.! li5!. At the age of 20 yea.rs, in September 17i4. he left England
for America arri ving in )l ew \: ork about October 18th. From there he proceeded to Annapolis.
Maryland, wher
an elder broth
r was already settled. He was in. the North American c}lonies
during their entIre struggle for mdependence. and on the conclusIOn of peace appears to have
accepted the changed condition of affair... \Vhilst on a journey through the U mted States in
1787 he was taken prisoner by the Shawanese Indians on the Ohio and remained four months in
captivit}-. In 1i88 Mr. Hidout came to Montreal aft9r his release and then determined to setUe
in Canada. Besidt's minor appointments he wa
Rucces<!ively Sergeant-at-Arms, House of
ASAembly 1794' Registrar County York, 1796: Clerk of the Pcace H. D., 1800; Surveyor Gener3.1,
181Ù' M 'p P. \Vest York, 1812; Legishtti\-e Cou neil, 182-1.
Died at York. J<'ebruary 8,1829, and buried in the churchyard ot St. James' Cathedral.
op 106:$

LAND
ARKS OF TORONTO.

',,"m. Marsh
Jacob Notheart
John Phillips
Henry Jonnston
'Villia.m Harrison
his
Francois x Roland
marK
Abrahl\mC'ronkwright
*Oli ver Bettz
"Geone Laurier
*George l\Ieredith
*
laguire

Caleb Perth
Geor
e :McGrath
Moses McGrath
Thos. Mosley
Isaac Brown
Philip Peter.
D. M. G. Ro
eri!. mem-
ber of the A.ssemblv
for the District òf
Newca!ltle
.Joseph Brown
his
Quart?; x
mßrk
Of the signatories to this address the first
on the list is that of .John Mills Jackson, an
Englishman, who ca.me to this country in
1806 from Downton, in n iltshire He reo
turned to Englanà some years later, being
dissatisfied with the way affairs were con
ducted here. He published a pamphlet ad-
dressed to the King and Parliament of Great
Britain, eutitled .. A View of the Political
Situation of the Pro\'ince." This pamphlet
caused much annoyauce in Upper Canada,
and the Legislative Assembly voted it a
libel!
'J hen follow, among many others, the
names Alexa.nder
loutgomery, of Yonge
street; Thomas Mercer; John .\lontgomery,
who kept an hotd here, known as the
" Bird in Hand": :Samuel
lercer; l{ichard
Lippiucott, who givEs his na.me to t;he street
80 called in Toronto; Andrew McCilashan,
who lived well on in to the .. fifties" ; Isaac
Columbes, \0\ hose memory is yet green;
Charles Denison, ";10 married
1iss Playter ;
Charles Willcocks, ,,'ho, whatever eminent
virtues he possessed, did not count excessive
modesty among them, as he once proposed
to publisu by subscription a history of I i!i
own life.
Thete are many otbers whose names are
familiar, and also many of whom nothing is
known, but .. The time" change, and we
change with them '

CHAPTER CCLXXVII.
AN OLD ACCOUNT BOOK.

.sonle QII8'n& "nel Interesting En'rles-.\
('ontrast 'n I-r'ce.. Up'ween the Presen'
Tllue au.1 a Century SIIICf'.
The followin
extracts from n. daily cash
journal kept by :\lr. '1 hQme.s Ridout. 50me,
tin,e Clerk of the Peace for the Honle Dis-
trict, and fa.ther of the late Thomas Gibbs
Ridout, so well known as clI.shi
r in its Dros-
perous da.ys of the old :Bank of Upper Can-
ada., will proba.bly be of interest to many
as ahowing the difference that exists in the
price of eTery-da.y ..rticles, now in this year
of grace 1894, and that which 0, tø.ined very
l1early one hUI:ured year!! ago.
Mr. Ridout kept his household and office
expenses in oue book, anà it is somewhat

1063

amusing to find such entries aE the following,
side }'y side :-" NO\'ember 15th, li97, house
expenses, Dr. to cash, paid for two barrels
of flour e.t 3Os, 1:3," and on the same da e, in
fact the \"er:y next entry: .< Cash Dr. to
office, rE'ceived for sUD.dry writings,
l 10s.
There are many similar entries '0 the next
following, Payment is made in t..ew
ork
currency, !And thus entet'ed, then reduced to
Halifax currency :-" Casb, Dr, to Abner

J iles, receiTcd of him by the hands of
1 r.
Tromas Barry-
1:9 14 6 New York currency.
of himself" . . 10 0 0

f:l9 14 6
Halifax curreacy. . , . . . .1:12 6 i."
On Dect:mber 15th, in the same year, i.
this entry recalling the name of a man
whose end waft a. tragic one :-" Househohl
expenses, Dr. to James Ruggles, f!>r sundry
earthenware, as per his account, f11 4 0."
Mr. Ruggles was a passenger on the
schooner Speedy when she with all on board
foundered in the waters of Lake Ontario 011
October 7th, ISO!, nOlJ.e being left to tell
the tale.
Throughout the month of December the
foll""ing names ..te often found :-Archi
bald Thomson, of 8carbol"ough; \\ïlliaJ1'
Allan, of York; Joseph Hunt of the same
place, and also tha
of the Honorable D. W.
Smith.
In Ja.nuary, 1798, occur the names of
Audrew and David Thomson, who were
Archibald's brot.hers, Abner )hles, Archi-
lJald Cameron, and Samuel Hel'on. "1 he
latter wa.s one of the town wardens in the
year' 1';9J. Though he wa.s one of a \\ ell.
known family, his na.me does not often ap-
pear in any of the olù records.
On March 12th, in the <lame year, is thi.:s
entry: "ReceiTed of Duke ',\'illiam Ken-
drick and James Nash, for sundry writin
s,
f:l 12 0." 1\lr. Ridout ..t any rate S!1C-
ceedt:d in obtainiug some cailh frQ II ,Mr.
KeD.lÌr:ck, but it; appears to ha.ve been &
very scarce article with him, as with pret
y
nearly everyone else in those days, foe we
fin.. him advertising in the Gazette on De-
cembee 21st, li99, nearly two years later,
that he wisl.ed to purchase ashes, he baviug
estabÌl
hed a potashery, but he adùed this
si
nificallt nutice to his adyertisement:-
Co He (Kendrick) conceives it his duty to
inform those who have ashes to dispole 01
tha.; it will not be in his power to pay cdsh,
but merchandise at cai!h p1"Ìce."
On the last day of March Mr. Ridout
r('cords baying rticeind as a deposit the sum
of
101 3 9
from Mr. W. p, Lawe, and
there is this :somewhat quaintly worded note
added :--'< Left by me in the hands of thø

1061

LAND
IARKS OF TORON'ro.

Hon( rable D. W. Smh.h, 80S a place uf I from 35 cents to 50 cents a pound, cnocolll.te
greater security tbau my house, the same was 52! cenls, and cheese 2j c
nts. House-
day." keepers of to-day have thercfol'e a Rood deal
Ephl'ailll Payson received payment fl'om to be thankful for In reøpect o
what. the

lr. Ridout, on April 7th, of f4 5 Halifax same articles cost them now.
currency for I, ïOO bricks to be delivered at One of the last
ntries in the book. is this:
..lot No.2, Duke street, York," This waa .. Paid Mr John McDougall, my club in full
the beginning (If the old l
iùout homestead. as a member of the l;ardeners' Society,
Again, on May 1st is a plI.yment in connec- f2 18 4." This particular association is not
lion with the sllome building to one \\'. re 'erred to elsewhere. 'There are many of
Mather lor shingles and to D. Hendri. for the names which OCCUl' in the book that are
pickets. still represented iu and about 'l'oront.tJ, but
Beef at the time was seven pence hali- the ent1"Îe
relatins;t to thbm are on purely
per.ny currency II pound. Mr, Ridout enters bUliness ma.tters and an:. of no geueral in,
the purchase of 92 pounds of that commodity terest. _
at that price on Ì\Jay 18t,h. That. would be Some confusion mav arise as to the tel'ms
jOlilt twelve cents of our money. New York and Hahfax currency. A New
On July 25th the til'ln of 8kinner
-'E-erry York pound, tllOugh 1ike all other pounds, it
i. mentioned. They were propnetors of a consisted of twenty shillings, was only equal
saw mill on the banks of the Don, ILt no to :$2 50 a!l the so-caUed .. shilling" or
very great distance frOln where the Winch".- "Yorker" was but 12
cents in value. A
tel' street bridge uow (1894) crosses the pound Haliiax W!l.S equal to $4 and a pound
riyer. stf'rlÏtH!' or the English sovereign p!l.ssed fill'
Lovers of that cup which "cheers but not twenty-five shillings Halifax. 'J'he follow-
inebriates," must have had to bit very care- ing table in Sterling, 1i;ew York, Halifax
ful in those d
ys, for on A ueust 1st Mr. and in dollars and cents will show the rela-
Rid
ut enters: "I lb. Souchong tea, tive values :-
1:0 12 6, or $2 50." Think of that, tholile I Sterling. N6W York. Haiifax.
who complain when r.;essrs. :Black, Green &.
::). D. -J:, 8. D.
::;, D. $
Co., the family gl'Ocers, charged even t.he 6 1
odd fifty cents for a pound of the same com- 1 0 2
rnodity. 111 0 ] () 0
Among otber "illtrÎes are 52 Ibs. maple 1 0 0 2 0 0
SUP'1lI" a.t h-f:2 12; two and a half cords of
w;od at 14s-;(1 !j; for a. pair of shoes,
;[1 4; forty-five pounds pork at ls--J:,2 5.
In aU thetse t:ases It must be borne in miud
that the shilling quoted was only equal to
t 1 d 1 If t th th Itlauy Infere8th.1t Doc-'III'f'uh Rf'lath.... tð
.we
e an a la cen s, so wi e excep- U-I-rodallu.tlon ..... c,;eu, nroek's n;l>>lJ.
tion of wood the prices compa.re faÏt'ly well
with thoae rharged to-day. On October 1st, A casual reference was made in the chap
still in the same yea r, occurs t1l is en try: tel' entitled, .. A Long Forgotten Incident,"
.. House expenses, Dr. to Thomas ::\larkeand, to a. bombastic proclamation issued by
of Kingston. ReceÍ\-ed frcm him this day, <.jeneral Hull, of the U. S. A, ft'om Detroit,
per tbe Toronto, 3 barrels of flour ';'2 ll)s. or to the Ca.nadia.n people, at the timp when
6!d (barrels) and 21 Ibs. at 20;:; is ;(6 8 9, the Wal' bl'Oke out hetween the United
Üalifax, or f10 6 0." The" Toronto II
tates and Canada '1 he full text of thIS
means the well-known wading anrl passen
er document was as follows :-
vessel the Toronto :yacht., w.'eckeJ after- .. Inhahit.allts of Canada.: Alter th
rty
walods on the Isl ,uù opposite Toronto. years of peace and prospenty the UUltetl
Yet another eL.tl'Y on the 25th of the same Stateil ha\'e been driven to arms, The in-
month, an'd here the priceR as compar'3d ' I juries and aggl'eo!sions, the insults and in,
with thp. present time present a marked ùi
nities of Great Britain hav
once more left
contrast, It runs thus: _ them no alternative but manly resistc.llce
a d, or unconditional submission.
Oue pound loaf su
ar. ,....... . . . . . 4 0 "The a.rmy und.t:r my command has invad.
Four .. brown -.. a.t 3
. . . . . . . . .. 13 0 ed your country and the standard of union
2s 6d , ,..' 10 0 1I0W waves over the territory of Canada. To
chocolate, 5,; 5 0 the peaceable uDoffending inbabita.nt it
.. 13 oz. cheese, 2ø 9
Lrings neither danger nor difficulty. I come
__ to find enemies not tu make them. I come
;(2 0 8 to pro
ct, not to injure you_
It 'Will b. aeen) therefore, tha
sugar varied "Separated by all immense ocean and by

I
It
5

.l
1:1
:

6
o

C,
12

25
2 5')
500

CHAPTEr. CCLXXYIIL
THE WAR OF 1812.

One
Foar

LAND
lARKB OF TORONTO.

1065

11.11 e.Üensivc wilderness from Great Britain, white man found fiKhtmg by the side or an
yuu ha.ve no participation in her counc
ls, no Indian wiil be taken prisoner-inst&nt de-
interest in her conduct You ha\"e felt her struction will I e his lot. If the dictates of
tyranny, you have seen her injustice-hut I r
ason, duty, justice and hu,manity Ca.DBo5
do not ask you to avenge !;be one or redress prevent the employment of a force which
the other, 'The United :States are sutlicient- respects no rights and knows no wrong, i5
Iy powerful to afford you every security. will be prevcnted by a severe and relentless
consist
nt with their rights aud your expec- system sf retaliation.
tations.I tender von the invalu:.Lble bles!:lin
s .. I doubt not y?ur courage a.nd firm-
of civil anà reÍigious liberty. and their nes!. 1 will not doubt your attachment to
necessary rE'suh individual and genel"al liberty. If you tender your senices volun-
prosperity-that liberty \\ hich gave decia- ta.rily tht::y will be accepted readily. The
ion to our counciìs and energy to our conduct United States offer you peace. liberty and
in our stru"gle for independence and &ccurity. Your choice lies between these
which conducted us t;afely and triumphantly and mere slavery anà destruction. (hoose
through the stormy period of thc revolution then, Lut choose wisely; and may He who
-that libertv which hall raisen us to an knows the justice of OUl" cause a.nd who holds
elevated rank throughout the nations of the in Hid Hauds the fate of nations. guide you
world, anà which hM afforded us a grea.ter to a rcsuh; the most compatible with your
measure of peace and security, of wealth aud right& and interests. yonI' peace and pros-
improvement than e\"
r yet fell to the lot of perity. \V. HULL
any people. .. BJ' the General, A. F. Hull, Capt. 13th
.. In the name of my coun try and by the Regt. and A D.l'.
authority of my (;overnment, I promise pro- .1 Headquarters, Sandwich, July 12.1812."
tection to your persons, propeJ.ty a.nù rights, To the foregoing proclamn.t.on General
Remain at your homes, pursue your peace- BrocK issued tbc following re
ly aa found in
ful and customary avccations, ra
e not your the Canadia'l Archives. Seri
s Q. , Vol 315.
hands against your brethren,
lany of your Colonial Office Recoròs, Page 15
.
fathers fought for the freedom anù indepen
.. t'R.OCr,_U
ATIOS
,ience we now enjoy. Being chllùl"en. there- "'The unpl"o\"oked úeclara.lion of wa.r, by
fore, of tne &ame fa.mily with us, and hei1'15 to the United Sta.tes ot America, against the
tbe same heritage, the arrival of an army of United Kingùom of Grea.t Brita.in and Ire-
friends must be hailed by you with a cordia.l land. and it:! dependencies,bas b
en followed
welcome. You will be ema.ncip'.\ted from Ly the a.ctua.l invasi n of thlä Province
tyranny aud Oppl't
SSSlrn and restored to the in a remote frontier of the \\' estern District
dignified station of freemen. bv a detachment of the armed force of the
"' Had I any doubt of eventua.l sucCt'S!:I I Únited States. The officer commanding
lllight a.sk your assistance, but I do not. I that detachment, hllo3 thought proper to in-
come prepared for every contingency. I vite His Majes. Y'lil liUbjects not merely to a
ha\'e Mo forLe whICn will look down ail "ppo- quiet and unresistin
submi&
ioll, but in-
sltion, IIond that force is but the vangual-d of suIts tiu,m \Hth a call to seek voluntarily
a much greater. If. contrary to your own the protection of his (30vernment. \,\ït.hout
interests and the just expectation of my cOIldescending to repeat the illiberal epi-
countrv, you should take part in the ap- thets bestowed in this appeal of the ADlerican
proaching contest, yon will be considered commandel" to t.he pt:uple of Upper Cauada,
anù treated as enemies, and the horrors and or the aùmini
tration of His .Majesty,
ver)"
calamities of war \\ ill stllolk before you." inhabita.nt of the Province is desireù to seck
This last sentence shows plainly in the the confutation of such iùJecent slander in
earlier words the idea. that obtained at this the review of hi
own pa.rticular
period throughout the United States tbat cil"CUmstances: where is the Cana.dian 6nb-
Canadians were prepared to throw off their ject who can truly affirm to himselt th&
he
allegi.,nce to (;rEat Bl"itain, This mistaken has been injureá by the Go\'{
rnment in his
;J.otion has already Leen refened to in an person, his liberty. Or his ptooperty! 'Ybere
earliel" chanter. The Proclamation then is to bt: found in any part of the world a
pl"oceada :--.:: gJ"owth so rapid in wealth a.nd prosperity as
Ii If the ba.rbarous and S Ivage policy of this colony exhiLits? Settled U4Jt tbirtv
Great Britain be pursued, a.nd the sava.ges years ago by a LanJ of veterans exiled from
be let loose to murder our ci izens and theÌ1" formet" p038BssionB on account of their
butcher our women anà chl!dl"en. thid war" loyalty, not a descendant of thoee brave
will be a wal' of es.termination. "' he first people is to be found who. uuder tàe foster,
stroke of tbe tomaha.wk, the fil"st attempt ing liberality of their sovereign, has not &0-
with the scalJling knife will be the signal of quired a prosperity and means of enjoyment
one indiscriminate scene of desolation. K 0 ' bupcrior to wi;a.t were possessed by their

1066

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

Allcestors. This unequalled prosperity anù tile pretensions of its powerful rival to
could nOli have been attained by the utmost reposses::3 the Canada.s are pledges that no
liberality of the Government; or the perse- peace will be established between the United
vering industry of the people, had not the ,:;tates and GI'eat Britain and ireland, of
maritime power of the motber country which the restoration of these provinces does
secured to its colouists a sAfe access to every not make t.he most prominent condition,
market where the produce of their la.bor Be not ùismayed at t he unjustifiable threl\t
was in demand, of the commander of the enemy's forces, to
The una,'oidable and immediate conse- I refuse quarter if an Iudian appear in the
quence of a separation from Great ranks, The brave bands of natives which
.Britain must be the loss of inhabit thh colouy were, like his Majesty's
this inestimable advantaQe. And subjects. punished fOl' tileir zeal and fidelity
wh9.t is off
red you in exchange! To by the iuss of their pos
es8ions in the late
become a territory of the United Sbtes and colonies, and rewarded by his :'Iajesty with
share with them tha
exclusion from the lands of superior value ill this province.
oC(:l\n wh'ch the policy of their pl'csent The faith of the lJritish Government has
(
overnment enforces, You a.re not even nevel' yct been violated, they feel that
he
fiattereJ with a. pal,ticipatlon of their soil they inherit is to them ar,d their poster-
boasted independence, anù it is but too ity protecteã Ìl'om the base arts so frequeut,
()hvious that once exchanged from the power- ly devised to over-reach theÌ1' simplicity. By
ful protection of the United Kingdom, you what new prin:::iple are they to be prevented
must be re-annexed to the domiuion oi from defet\diI.g their prOpel"ty
If their war-
France, from which the pl'ovinces of Canada fare from being dim'r'3nt to that of the white
were wrested by the arms of <;reat Britaiu, people is more tenific to the enemy. let him
at .. vast expens
of blood and trea
ure, ft'olll retrace his steps -they sp.ei, him not-anel
no other motive than to relieve her ungrate. cannot expect to tind women and children in
fol children from tt.e opprt ssion of a cruel an invading army; but tbey arc men alld
neighbol'. This restitution of Cana.ùa to the h:\\'c equal rights with all other men, to de-
empire of France was the stipulated reward fend themselves and property when im"alled,
for the aid ilfforded to the revolted colonies, more especiaìly when they find in the
now the United States. The debt is still enemy s camp a. ferocious and mortal foe
due. and there (:an be no doubt but the using the same warfat'e whi.ch the Americau
pledge ha-s been rel:ewed, as a consideration commander affects to l'p-pudiate,
for commet'cia.l advantages, or, rather, fOl' a.n This inconsistent and unjustifiable threat
expected relaxation in the tyrauny of Fl'ance of refusing quarter for suell a cause as ueing
over the commercial world, Are you found in arm
with a brother sufferer in de-
prepared. inhabitants of Upper Canada. to fence of invaùed rights, must be exerc sed
(lecome willing sUbjects, or rather slaves, to wilh the certain &SSUlanCe of retaliation.
the desrot who rules the nattons of Europe not 0111y in the limited operations of war in
with a rod of iron! If not, arise in a body, this Pat't of the Kin
's D'111'inions, but in
exert your energies, co-cperate cr.rdiall,v every qUal'ter of the glohe, for the national
with the king's regular forces to repel the charactel' of Britain is not les<l áisti, guished
iU\'ader, and do not gIve cause to your chil- for humanity than strict retaliative
dren when groaning under theopPl'ession of a justice, which will consiùer the execu-
foreign master to reproach you with having tion of I;lns inhuman thl'eat as
too easily parted with the richest inheritance I ddiberatc murdf'r, for which every subject
on earth-a participatio!" in the name, char- , o.f the offending power must make expia-
acter and freedom of BrItons. tton ISAAC BROCK,
The same spirit of justice which will make 1\1aj.-Gen, an.! President.
.",ery reasollAble allowavce for the unsuccess- . Cod SlLve the King,
fnl efforts of zeal and loyalty will not fail to Head Quarters, Fort Uporge, 22nd July,
puni!!h the defalcation of principle; c,'ery 1812, by ordel' of his Honor the Presideut
Canadian freeholùer is hy deliberate choice, I It G-leg
, Capt. A, D. C,
bound by the most solemn oaths to defend Captain G-eigg, who!i'e name IS attached to
the monarch) a.s well as his own property, the foregoing proclamation was a c
ptain on
'fo shrink from that engaRement is a It'p.ason the unattached list. Ilnd had been selected by
not to be forgiven; let no man suppose that Brock to a.ct I\S his aide-de-camp, He served
if in this unexpected strug
le his throughout the war, and afte
wards fill{;d
Majesty's arms should he compelled various public (Jffices in CanJda. Some
to yield to an overwhelming force, years later he attained the rank of colonel.
that the province will be eventually nball- and was pri '"ate secre. ary to Lonl Aylmer
cloned; the endeared relation of its first during the period that hi::3 Lordship wa.s
aettlers, the intrinsic value of its commerce, Go\'ernor-Ueneral of Canada..

LANDY ARKS OF TORONTQ

1067

Chief Jus.lice Willia.m Dummer Powell I "The position which Lieut.,Colollel St.
was generally supposed to have been the George occupies is very good, aud infiniteiy
real author ot General l'rock's reply to more fOI'n1Ïdable than the fort itself. Shoulù
General HulL 'j he Chief Justice was a I he therefore be compelled to retire I know
trusted adviser of the President's, and was of no other alternative than his
mbarking
consulted on all matters of moment by the in the King's vessels and proceeding to Fort
auu.orities. through')ut the whole of the war. Erie,
Nor was BrocH: otherwi8e idle, thougn &. \Yere it possib'e to animate the militia
from 110 Jetter, date(r July 20th, 1812, ad- to a proper sense of their duty somiltning
dressed to Sir (
eorge Preyost, but two days might be llone, but I almost riespair.
before he issued his reply to General Hull, .. Your Exceilency will readily perceive
it Was evident he was not without very the critica.l situation in which the reduction
grave doubts as to the course events would of Amherstbur
will p
a.ce me.
take. The communication was as .. I do not imagine General Hull will be
follows :- able to detach mOI"e than 1,000 men, but
..
lajor-General Brock to Sir George Pre- even with that trifling force I much fear he
vOlt will succeed in gettim... to illY rear.
Fort George, July 20th, 1812, The militia will not act with-
II My la
t to your Excellency was dated out a strong regular force to set
the 12th inst, siuce which nothing extra- them the example; and as I must now expect
ordinary has occurred on this communi- to he seriously threatened, I cannot iQ
cation. The enemy has e\"idcntly dilUini
hed prudence make strong detachments, whi.:h
his force and appears to Imvc no intention of would not only weaken my line of defence,
making on immediate attack. but, in event of a retre&.t, endanger their
" I ha.ve herewith the honor of endosin,
sa.tety.
the copy of two letters which 1 have reo "I am now given to understand that
ceived from Lieut.-Co!. St. George. together General Hull's insidious procJamation, here-
with some interesting documents found on with enclosed, has already been productive
board a schooner, which Ole boats of the of considerable effect on the mi, ds of the
Hunter captured on her voyage from the peopJe. In fact, a general sentiment pre-
:\Hami to Detroit. vails that with the present force resistance
.. Froll! the accompanying official cor- is unM'ailing. I shall continue to exert my-
respondence between General Hull and the self to thil utmost to overcome every dith-
Secretary at \V ar, it appears that ;he col- cui tv.
hould, however, the communication
lected force which hd.S arrived tit Detroit between Kingston and Montreal be cut otÏ,
amounts to about 2,000 men. I have re- the fate of the troops in this part of the pro-
quested Colonel Proctor to proceed to Am- vince will be decided. I now express my
herstburg, and a.scartain accurately the state apprehensions on a supposition that the
of things in that quarter. 1 hall e\'ery in- slender means your Excellency possesses will
elination to go t.here myself. but the meet- not permit of diminution; c:msc>quen\.lv,
ing of the Legislatnre on the 27th i. stant that lneed not look fcr reinforcements. It
renders it impossible. is evidently not the intention of the enemy
&. I receive this moment a despa.tch, dated to make any attempt to penetrate into the
the 15th instant, from Lie'lt, -Colonel St. province by this strait, unless the present
George, giving an account of the enemy h'\v. force be diminishe.l. He I!eems much more
iog landed on the 12th,and immediately after inclined to work on the flanks, aware that it
occupi
d the village of SaIllhvich. It is he succeed every other part must SOOB sub.
IItrange that the three d

ys should be allow. mit.
ed to elapse before sending to acquaint ..
1y last official communication from the
me of this important fact. I h d Lower Province is dated the 25th ultimo,
no idea. until I rece1\"ed Lieut. -Cot. St. when the Arljutant.Gen
ral announced the
George's letter a few days ago that General receipt of intelligence by a mer

ntile house
Hull was advancin
with so large a fûrce. of war bt:ing declared by the United States
.. The militia, from every account, be, a-'ainst Great Britain."
hlloved very ill. The officers appø.u.r the'On July 27th, 1812, Gel eral Brock re-
mOl!t in fault. Colonel Proctor will pro- turned to York from Niagara. and opened
bably reach Amherstburg in the course of the special session of Pb.rJiament, which had
to-morrow. I have great dependence in that been called in consequence of the outbreak
officer's decision, but fear he will arrive too of hostilities. H is speech was as follows :-
la.te to be of m.ch service. The enemy was Honorable Gentlemen of the Legislative
not likely to delay attacking a force that ha.d Council and Gentlemen of the House oj
allo-;ven hIm to cros
the river in open Ja.y A.
se1nUy:
wit.hout firing a shot. 'The urgency of tht! present crisis is the only

lUGS

LA
Dß1ARKS 0]' TORO.KTO.

consideration which could have induced me ther act after endles, discussion Was passed
to call you together at a time when public, rE:lating to the discipline and pay of the
as well as private, duties elsewher"" demand force. Thf President was later authorized
your carE: and attentIOn. by the Legislative Council-not the Assembly
But, gentlemen, when invaded by an I --un ler cert,ain specified conditions to have
enemy whose avowed object is the entire I recourse to martial law and power was also
conquest of the province, the voice of loy- granted providing that in special cases the
alty, as well as of interest, calls aloud to Habeas Corpus act. should not apply.
Hery person in the sphere in which he is On July 17 th owing tð the prompt action
p!aced to defend his country. of General Brock in his ordel's to ('aptaill
Our militia have heard the voice, and Roberts of the 41st Re
iment, who was
have obeyed it; they have evinceò, by the stationed at St. Joseph's, Fort
1ichilli-
prompt,Ïtude and loyalty of their conduct, mackinac surrendered to the British with-
that they are worthy of the king whom they out the loss of a. single life.
serve, and of the constitution which they The inaction or comparative inaction of
enjoy; and it atfords me Pdrticular sati
- tha House of Assembly rei!pecting the
faction, that while I address you as le'(isla I militia and the conduct of the war, caused
t01"8, 1 speak to men who, in the day of Brock the gravest anxiety as will be gleaned
rlanger, wiU be ready to assist, not oniy from the foIlowing account of a. Council
with their counsel, but with their arms. m
, ting held A
gust 3rd, 1812. The repol.t
,,- e look, gentlemen, to our militÏi
. is contained in the :-
as well as \'0 the regulars, for our pro- I " Canadian Archiæs, Vol. 118, Series Q,
tection; but I should be wahting to that " Colunial O.f!ice Records, page 187.
important trust committed to mv care, if 1 "At a Council held at the Government
attempted to conceal (what experience, the house, York, Upper Canada, Monday,3rd
great mstructor of mankind. and especially Au
ust, UH2
vf legislators, ha
disco,-ered) that amen:l- "Present-)lajor-Gcneral Brock, Hon.
ment is necer.sary in our militia laws to the Chief Justice, Hon. James Ha.by, Hon
render them efficient. Alexander (
rant, Hon. John McGill, Hon.
" It Is for you to consider what further I Mr. Justice 1'owel1, Hon. .Prideau Selby.
improvements they still may require." " His Honor the President. represented to
Then addressing both Houses the presi- I the Board that the hopes he had entertaine:l
dent. proceeded to poinl out that it might be from the call of the Legislature were likcly to
necessary to suspend, at any rate for a time, be rlisappo:nted.
the Habeas COI'PUS Act an,j that it might I "That the Lower House of Assembly.
8.1so bl:: dei!irable to enacL a
ystem of mal tial I instead of prompt exertions to strengthen
law and the closing senteuccs of his speech I his hands for the government of the militIa,
were in these word
:- ! providin
for security from internal treason
Gentlemen of the Bourse of A.<;semb:y. I by partial suspension of the Habeas Corpus
'"I have directed the publi
accounts of .
ct, autl10rizin
a partial exercise
the province to be laid before you in II.S com- of mutial law concurrently with the
plete 110 state a
this unusual period will ordinary course of justice, and placing at lIis
8.dmit. They will afford you the means of I dispos.al for the defence of the Province tbe
ascertaining to what extCl
t you can aid in funds 110t hctually applied upon past appro-
providing for the extra.ordinary demands priations, h!ld consumed eight days in car-
IIccasioned by the employment of the milili- rying a. sin
le measure of party-the repeal
tia, and 1 doubt not lmt to that intent) ou of th
School BiH the pJ.soing of an act
\\ ill cheerfully cOl'l.trilmte. for the public disclosure of treasonable prac-
"Honorable Gentlemen of the L('gi
lativeCoun- tices before the mllogistrates, should han
cit and Gentlemen of the House of Com- power t. commit without I ail 'l'hll-t under
mons: such circumstances little could be expected
.. \V e are engaged in an awful and e,"entful from the prolonged session of the Le
isla.-
contest. By unanimity and dispatch in our ture.
councils, and by vigol' in our o?erations, we " That the enemy had invaded and taken
may teach the enemy this lesson, that a part in the "-estern Dil:ltrict, was muhiply-
country defended by "free men" enthusiasti- iug daily his preparations to invade in
c8.lly devoted to the caUSe of their king and others; that the militia in a perfect state ot
constitution, can never be conquered." I insubordination had withdrawn from tbe
The Parliament which met in the spring ranks in actu8.1 sen"ice ; had l"efused to march
of 1812 had already passed a'l act granting a l when legally commanded, to reinforce a de.
sum of money to the President for lJUrposes tachment of the regular force for the reHef
of mi!itia. reorganization and in the special of Amherstburg-had Illsulte,l their officers,
8essioll which ha.s lust Leen referred to a fur- and some. not immediately embodied, had

LAND
lARKS OF TORO:r\TO.

1 ()6Q

manifested in ma.ny instances, a treasonable .. ThE' Council met from adjournment of
spirit of neutraiity or ãiaaffectlOn yestertlay.
"That the Indians on the Grand Rivf'r, " Present - The same members. The
tampered w:th by the disaffectcd whites, Council having deliberated UpOll His Honor'lI
had withdrawn from their \'olunteer service, representation, is unanimously of opinion,
and declared for a neutrality, which, in res- that under the circumstances of the Colony,
pect to them was equally inadmissa.ble as It i5 expedient upon prorogation of the
with the Killg's other subjects. Üeneral Assembly to prod ,im and exercise
.. That in the 'Yestem and London dis- mal'tiallaw Rccol"ùing to the powcrs of Hie
tricts sevcral pSI sons had ne
otlil.ted with .Maje8ty's Commission to the Governor-
the enemy's commander, hailing his an'ival General."
and pledging support. That the rC,gular force A true extract from the minutes.
cJnsi8tcd of one regiment, th('l 41st nine JOlI
SMALL,
hundred strong, an.} part of the Roya.l Ncw- Clerk of the Executive Council.
founãland Regiment, two hundred, \\ ith a But, happily, the disaffcction noticed in
detachment at the Royal Art,illeI'Y, and the report of the Council meeting did not
several a.rmed vesseh. That the extent of sprea.d, and General Hull, instead of carry-
coast exposed and th} great distances of the ing all before him, !;urrend..red to General
pl'Ominent points had obliged him to di\-ide Hrock a few days later, on Augu:>t 16th,
that force to support and countenance the 1812.
militia. 1'hat. the conduct of t,he westarn This great success had the effect of
militia ha.ã exposed to imminent dange!" the I strengthenin
the loyalty of thofle who were
regular force at Amherstburg, and however already loyal; of making loyal those \\ ho
incouveuieni;, he had made a large detach.. were inclined to disaffcction, and of bringing
ment of the 41st, and militia. from the hOUlC I to the defence of the pro\'iuce many who had
and
H\ga.l'& districts with the few Indians hitherto held aloof, or who were wa.vering
not corrupted, to rcinforce that garrison if in their allegiance. Brock retumed, af
er
time wouhl admit, the capture of Dctroit to Kingston for.. brief
.. 'l'bat, on the other hand, the commanl1- p:.l'iod. but early in :::\eptember \\ as again at
ant at St. Joseph had with hi" garrison and 1\I
S{ara.
Iudiam taken the island of Micheìimack- . 'Ihe prlson
rs of wa.r who were taken ca.p'
inack, the Q'arrison of which capitulated tl,\'e at DetrOIt Jlu
l
ered 2,500 men and 33
without firing a shot. !?Ieces of b
ass anll Iron _ord
ance. These
.. TI t' U b bTt t f h f hgures are gl\"cn on thc authorIty of General
la 10 a pro" 1.1 Y par .0 t at orcc Brock himself, contained in his desp ltch to
mIght delic
nd to petrOlt, and In such
ase
ir George Prevost dated Aucrust 17th
a co-operatIon \
'Ith the garrIson at l! ort 1812. Brock's o\\'n f
rces, to quote the sam;
Amherstburg, remtorccd bv the detachmcnt Q " .." t d f 30 t " 11 250
. 1 L Ï) . . h oCU'lleu,,:, conSIS e 0 ar I ery,
now on !ts marc 1 to or
g owt, mlg t com- 1Iu'n of the 41st Ree:iment, 50 of the Roya.l
pel the IOvad",r" to retIre or surr:
der, but K wfoundland Regiment, 400 militia and
th

':1 0 good result from any lluhtary ex- about; ÜOO Indians, to which were attached
peUltJ
n could be expccte
unlp.ss more three six-pounders and two three-pounders_
p
we.rIUl restra.mt coul
be unposed on the ... ... .. I cannot withhold my entire a.ppro-
lIuhtla. than the actual. .aw admIts, and. that bation of their conduct on thIS occasion.I'
he .had power to restram the gencra
popu- On :5eptembe." 18th 1812, Brock wrote
Ia.tlon from trea?ona.lJle adht:rence \\Ith the: from :Fort Ucorge to his brother Savery in
enemy. or nel1tra.hty, by summary proceed- thes t . "_
. 1 ' h N Id b e eJ 11)8 .
lUgs an( PUDli:i ment. or COli t. e colony " 1 I ffi. I I
be consiàered safe from the Indians in Its . lave 1l0W 0 cers l1l w 10m can con-
very bosom whilst liable to be tamp d fi

. when the wa
commenced, I wa.s

a.
)y
. h b d" ff d J t re oohged to seek assIstance among the mIlItia.
WIt y Isa ecte person
,
xposc o.n
to The 41st is all uncommonly fine regiment,
the slow progress of con\'lcaon by cnmmllol but wretchedly officered. Six compa.nies of
la.w. the 49tl} are with me here, and the Iemain-
" That with thi;; view of the situation of inO' four at KiJ)f!ston under Vincent. AI-
t?e Colony, he submitte
fo
the.considera- th
ugh the regiment has been tcn years in
trm: of the Colony, how tar It nught be ex- this country drinking rum without bounds
pedlent to prl.rogue ,thE: (;cll.eral House of it is still respectably and appa.rentlv ardent
Assembly and proc
'
lm, martla
l.aw,. under for an opportunity to acquire distinction".
the powers of the Klllg s CommissIon m case Then foHow several sentences of no general
of invasion." interest and he continues. II You will hear
The Council adjourned one day for de- of some ãecided action in the course of a
liberation, meetin,; agai I on Tuesday, 4th fortnicrht or ih all probabilitv we shAll
August. rcturI
to a sta.te of tra.nq11l1Ùty. I say

1070

LAN D
lARKS OF TOROXTO.

decisive, because if I should be beaten, the Gene-ral '" a.dsworth, on the field of I'attle,
pr-ovince is inveitably gone, and 8hould I be and many officers, with upwards of nine
,'ictorious, I do not imagine the gentry from hund["ed men were made prisoners, and
the other "ide will be anxious to return to more may yet be expected;" at&nd of
the char!
e. colors alhl 0. six pounder were also taken.
"It IS certainly something singular that The action did not terminate until nearly
we should be upwards lIf two months in a 1 3 o'cloc\;: in the afternoon, and their loss in
state of warfare and that along this widely killed and wounded must have been con-
extended iron tier not a single siderable. Ours, I believe, to l;aV6 been
death, either natural or by the sword should comparalivt:ly small in numbers. No officer
have occurred under the troops under my was killed besides Major-General Brock,
command, and we have not been altogether one of the most gallant and zealous
idie, nor has a single desertion taken place." officers in his Majesty's service, whose
On October, 11th, followin!!, Brock aga.in loss cannot be too much deplored,
wrote to
ir l;eorge Prevost from Fort and Lieut..Colonell\1cDonell,proviDl'ial aide,
(;eor
e. He Bpokt: with regret of the c&.pture de,camp, whose !!allantry and merit rendered
of the British vessel Detroit by the Ameri. him worthy of his chief.
cans as .. an event paI"ticularly unfortunate Captains Dennis and Williams, command-
whic:h may reduce us to incalc:u1able distress. ing the flanK companies of tile 49th Regi-
The enemy is making every exertion to gain ment, which were st'l.tione<1 at QueenstolJ,
a naval supel'Íority on both lakes, whic:h, if were wounded, bravely contendil1g at the
they accomplIsh, I do not see how we can head of their men against superior numbers,
retain the country. · but I am
h.d to have it in my power to a..ld
Ou. the next day, October, 12th, Brock tha.t Captain Dennis brtunately was able to
penne(i hi
last despatch to Sir (;eorge keep the field, though wHh pail1 and diffi-
Prevost. It is very brief ßnd simp
y states culty, .tnd Captain Williams' wound ia not
that he is convinced that an attack is im- likely long to deprive me of his services.
minent and that he has made every eXt'ráon I am particularly indebted to Captain
.. to complete the militia to 2,000 men." Holcroft, of the ROY'll Artillery, for his
On the foHo," ing day took place the Ba.ttle judicIOus and skilful co. operation with the
of Queenston Heights. The account thereof !tuns Rnd howitzer under his immedia.te
is contained in the following despatch from superintendence the well directed tire irom

Iajor-General Sbeaffe to Sir George which contributed materially to the fortunate
Prevost: - result of the day.
FORT GEURGE, 13th October, 1812. Captain Derenzy. of the 41st Regiment.
SIR,-Î have the honor of informing your brought up the reinforcements of that
Excellency that the enemy made an at!.ac:
corps from Fort Oeorge, and Capta.in Bul-
with a considerable force thismornin
befure loc\;: leu that of the same regi:nent from
daylight on the position of Queenston ; on Chippawa, and under their command thooie
receiving inteliigence of it .\!ajor General detachments acquitted themselves in such a.
Brock immediately proceeded to that post manl1er as to sustu.in the reputation which
and I am exc8>sive]y grieved in having to the 41st Regiment had already acquired in
add that he fell whilst gallantly cheering the vicinity of D
troit.
his troops to an exertion for maintainin
it ; I
1ajor-l;enera.l .Brock, soon after his
with him the position was lost, but the arrival at Queenstown, ha.d sent down orders
enemy wa.s not aHowed to reta.in it long; for ba.ttering tile American fort, Niagara.
reinforcements having been sent up from Brigade-Major Evans, who was left in
this post composeù of regular troop"', militia charge of Fort George, dIrected the opera-
a.nd Indians, a movement was made to turn tions against it with so much effect as to
his leÍt while some artillel"Y under the di- silence) its fire and to force the troops to
rection of Captain Holcroft: supported by a a.bandon it, and by his prudent precautions
bod y of infantry engaged hïs at tentton in he prevented mischief of a most serioHIi
front; this opet"ation was aided too by nature. which otherwise mtght have been
the judicious position which Norton and I he effected, the enemy havin!t used heated shot.
Indians with him had taken on the wuody in firing at Fort George. 1n tbese services
brow of the high ground abo\'e Qlleen
ton; he \, as most effectually aided by Colonel
a communication being thll!:l opt'ned with Claus (who remained in the fort at my de-
Chippaw,
, 0. junction was formed with sire) and by Captain Vigoreux. of the Royal
SUCCOl1rs thd had been ordered from that .Engineers. Brigade-)1ajor Evans ..Iso men-
post. The enemy was then attacked, and ti<)llS the couduct of Captains Powell and
after a short but spirited conflict, completely Cannon, of the militia. artillery, in terms of
defeated. I h3.d the satisfaction of lecei v- commendation.
in" the sword of their com mandel', Bri.!::adier- LIeutenant Crowther, of the 41st Re:li-

J'o
l

A-I
cers' lod
with ne
fire plac
rooms.
rack;;:.
reduubt
where t

Nin

If..

] A

'"

f

1

" t

. .

"
-\D>
\ZT

'Îoj

nr I, rd.

'II

.
\

R

J

{

c

,P

z.

,

..........

PL.-\
OF NI \G \HA WITH AX EXPLA
ATIOX OF IT'" PHE!':EXT STATE.
A-Large stone house, containing twelye rooms" Hh fire places, two withont, a large kitchen, two cellars and three rooms. ß-Offi-
eel's' lodgings. with seyen fire places, entire out of repair. f'-Rakehou<.;e, entire repaired and new shingled, O-;::;oldiers' barrack",
with new berths to contain 112 men, the ,.. hole new fioured. chimney repaired and new shin
lcd. "'-Officers' quarters; two rooms and
fire places in good repair. f
- Three rooms with fire place<.; and one withuut. II-
table, I -Officers' quarters, one lotrge and two small
rooms. K-Blacksmith's shop and three small rooms, entire out of repah'. I.-Church, entire out of repair. )I and S-
oldiers' bar-
racks. q-Pl'oyision store house entire, repaired with stone pillar;;:, a cellar to contain the butter and new shingled. Ir.-Two stone
reduubts built in li7U and 1771. S-Lan(]gate. T- \\Tatergate. \' -Traders' house!';, or lower town. "-King's wood yard. "\:-- 'Vharf
where the vessels unload the provisions. "-
mall wharf for battnc,;, alwaY3 titted up. Z-Small block hou
e, formerly a guard house.
Niagara, September 28th, 1773. opp. 1070

LAKU
ARKSOFTORONrn

1071

ment, had chargc or two three pounders I I have the honor to be, etc.,
that accompanied the mo\"elllcnt of our little R. H. SUEAFFB,
;:urpJ anà thev were employed with very
laj.-Gen.) ete.
good 'efiec

I His Excellency, Sir George Prevost,Bart,etc.
CaptaÏ:1 Glegg, of the 49th re
iment, aide- I Accompa:1ying this dispatch were the fol-
de-c...mp to our la.mented frilmd and general, 10win
returns :-
-\tforded me most essentiaÌ assistance, and I QUEBEC, 1st Dec., 1813.
found the service of Lieutenant Fowler, of Return of orùnance 11ud stores captured
the 41st regiment, assistant deputy quarter- from the (memy at Queenstown in Upper
master-general, ,-ery useful; I derived much Canada, by the army under the command of
lI.i! too from the activity alllÌ intelligence of l\Jajor-General Brock on the 13th October,
Lieutenant Kerr, of the Glen
arry Fencibles, 1812, agreeably to Mr. Assistant-Commis
ary
whom 1 employed in communications with Gordon's return of that date.
the Indians and other fhmking parties. I Species of stores:
I was unfortunately deprived of the aid of Ordnancef iron, six pounder light, 1; car-
the experience and ability of Lleutenant- riage travelling with limber complete, 1 ;
Colonel Myers, deputy quarter,master! elevating screw, 1; hand spike, traversing,
general, who had been sent up to Fort Erie 1 2: sponges with staves and ra.mmer heads, 2:
a. few days past on duty, which detained shot fixed, round, 4, case, 14; port fires, 12;
him there. I waggon ammunhion (tumbril) complete, 1;
Lieutenant Colonels Hutler and Clark. horse, harness, tra.ce sets, wheel, 2, leader, 2;
()f the militia, and Capt:Üns Hatt' j musket::s, FI'cnch carbi:1e. 435; bayonets,
Durand, Rowe, Apple'tarth, James, Crooks, :
80; scabbard for bayonets, 141; pouches,
Cooper, Robert Hamilton
lcE\Ven and with Lelt
, 245; witbout l>elts, 80; cart-
Duncan Cameron, and Lieutenants Richa.rd. ridges, musket, with ball and buck:ohot,
ion and Thomas Butler commanding Bank 2.8W; with buckshot only, 3.140.
companies of the Lincoln and York Militia The above is the most sa.tisfactory account
led their men into action with great spirit. I have been able to procure of the ordnanc'
)lajor 1lerritt, commanding the Niagara. a.ad stores captured on the 13th October,
Dragoons, accompanied me and gave me 1812 It appears by what I ca.n learn from
much a.ssistancc wIth part of his corps. Mr. Assistant Commis,>ary GOl'dol1 that in
Captain A. Hamilton belon
ing to it was the hurry of action he h",d meroly time to
di::sabled from riding and attached himself to Boscertain the numbers of the different
the guns under Captain Hoìcroft who speal_s articles before they were dis:ributcd to the
highly of his activity, and usefulness. artillery and troops for immediate service,
I be
leave to add that Volunteers Shaw, which made it impracticable for him after-
Thompson, and Jan'is' attached to the Bank wards to ascertain with any plecision the
companies of the 49th Regiment, conducted state thereof.
themselves with great spirit: the first wali
wouuded and the last taken prisoner. I bee
lea.ve to recommend these young men to your
Excellency'. notice. Norton is wounded
Lut not badly. He anà the Indians pa.rti-
cularly distingmshed themselves, and
I ba.ve very "reat satisfaction in
assuring your Excellency that the spirit and
gooà conduct of his Majesty's troops, of t.he
militia and of the other provincia.l corps
were eminently conf'picuous 0,1 this occasion.
I have not betjll able to ascerta.in yet, the
numb
r of our t>:oops or of t.hose of the
enemy engaged. Ours. 1 believe, did not
exceed the number of the prisoners we have
ta.ken, and their advance which effected a
landing probably amounted to thirteen or
funrteen hundred.
I shall do myself the honor of tl'lmsmittin

to your Excellency further deta.ils when I
shall have received the several reports of the
O'Ccurrences which did not pass under my
obsen'ation with the returns of casualties
and those of the killed and wounded and of
\.b
ordnance ta.ken.

LARRATT SMITH,
Commissary and Pa.ymaster.
Return of ()rdnaDl
e and store:o, etc., cap-
tured at Queenstown, Niaga.ra, on the 13th
October. 1812.
One six'pounder with tumbrils and horses
complete; one stand of colors.
WILLIAM HOLCROFT,
Capt. ßoyal Artillery.
lfort George, 15th August, 1812.
THOM.AS Ev A:'<S,
:\lajor of Brigade.
By His Exceliency's command.
EDWARD BAY
,
Adjt.-Gen. N. Am
:'ca.
Heturn of killed, wounded and prisoners
of war III the action at Queen;;;to.\ n,Niagara,
on the 13th October, 1812:-
Prisoners of war-l brigadier-general, 1
majur aide de-camp, 5 lieutenant..colonels, 3
majors, 19 captains, 32 liøutenants, 10
ensigns, 1 adjutant, 1 surgeon, 852 non-
commisbioned officers Bond privates. 'I'ota 925
Regulars-Othcers, 19 ; non-commi"sioncd
officers and privates, 417.

loi2

LA
D
IARKS OF TOl{ONTO.

!\Iilitia - Officers, 54; non-commir.sioned
officers and privates, 435. Total 915.
Estimated loss of the enemy in officers and
men killed and wounded, and in wounded
sent over during the el1ga
ement, 500 ; sup-
posed total loss. 1,42.3; acknowledged force OF THE BATTLE AT QUEEXSTOWN.
engl\ged. ..,600. The following general orders, giving an
Total British for.:e engaged-regular and account of the attack made by the Ameri.
militia, 800 ; Indians, 200-1,000. cans upon th" Heights of Queenstown, etc.,
Fort George, 15th Octob
r, 1812. are from tho :Montreal Herald extra. of Oct.
THOMAS EVANS, Major of Brigade. 21:- .
By his Excellency's command, ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE,
EDWARD BAYNES, Heaù Quarters, Montreal, Oct. 21.
Adjutant-General NOI,th Amel'Í<!a. [GE
ERAL ORDERS.]
Return of killed, wounded and millsing of Hi!!! Excellency the Commander of the
the army under the command of Major
Forces, has received an official repor
frolll
General Isaac Brock in an action at Queens-
Iaj()r General Sheafl'e, of the brilliant vie-
town, Niagara. on the 13th October, 1812 : tory achieved on the 13th in!;tant, by lit
General staff-2 killed. portion of the troops under his cOlJlmand,
Royal Artillery-2 rank and file wonnded, ovcr a division of the enemy's army, which
Detachment 41st P..egiment-l 8ergeant, 1 effected a hnointz at Qneenstown under cover
ran1o: and file killed; I sergeant, 9 rank and of the night. That po:o' was neverthelesl de.
file woundðd. fended with undaunted gallantry by the two
Flank Companies-8 rank and file killed. fla.nk comp<\uit's of the 49th regiment
49th Regiment-2 captains, 3 sergeant:., 27 animated by the presence of their gallant
rank and file, I volunteer wounded; 5 rank and ever to be lamented chief
]ajor-General
anti. file, 1 voluntet:r missing. Brock, whose valuable life was upon this
Lincoln Artillery-l rank aud file I occasion devoted to his country's servico.
wounded. The.se companies displayed exemplary
Lincoìn }1ilitia-1 arljuta.nt, 1 sergeant, 12 discipliup. and 8pirit, althou
h the captr.ms
..ank and file wounded; 10 rank and file of both were wounded, and succeeded in
mi
sing. keeping the enemy iu check until the arrival
York :',lilitia.-2 rank and file kIlled, I of .Major-General Sheaffe with re-inforce-
lieutenant, I serveant, 15 rank and file meuts.
wounded; 5 rank and file missing. Thc disposition of the forces and the
Total loss-1 major-general, I aide-de- pla.n of att..ck adopted by Major-General
camp, I sergeant, 9 rank and file !ine; ::;heaffe cannot receive a higher or more just
2 r:mk and file, militia, killed; 2 ca.ptains, praise, tha.n by stating, that nine hundrerl
Ime ; 1 adjutant; I lieuumant, militia; 4 prisoners of war, under the commu.nd of
ser,:eants, line; 2 sergeants, militia; 2 rank Brigadier-General ,,- adswor'h, surrendered
and file, artillery; 1 ditto miliha artillery, their arms to a force inferior in numbers,
36 rank a.nd file, 1 volunteer line; 2ï rank and wituout susta'ning any considerable 10&3
and file, militia. \V ounded-5 ra.nk and file, on our part.
I volunteer line. Missing-15 rank and filo, A six pounder and a stand of colons ha.ve
militia, missing. been tll.ken from the enemy.
Ven
ral total-2 geileral staff killed. I )Iajor Geueral ::;heaffe's report
sergeant, 11 rank anll file, 2 capbins, I of the zeal and undaunted gal-
lieutenan'j,l adjutant, 6 sergeants, 66 rank antry that animated every officer and
and file, I volunteer wounded, 20 rank and soldier of his army, affords the commander
file. 1 volunteer mi:osing. of the fnrces the most heart,felt satisfloction,
Officers killed--ðlajor General Isaac and will be a. most gratifying duty to his
Brock, comman,ling; Lieut. -Colonel MC- , Excellency to bring before the notice of His
DonelI, Provincial Aide-de-Camp Roya.l Hlglmesl! the Prince Regent.
\Vounded-Co.ptaill:O Denni::; al,d Williams, Lieut.-Col. Myers, Deputy Quarte:-master
49th regiment, Lieut. .\1 c Lean, York Lií"ht General, was stationed in charge of FOl't
Infantry, and Adjutant
]cIntyre. Lincòln Erie, and succeeded in completely silencing
mllitia ; Volunteer Shaw, 49th regiment. the fire of the enemy, drove a detachment
Fort George, 15th October, 1812, from the encampment near the Black Rock,
THOllIAS Ev ANS,
Jajor of Brigade. destroyed a barrack in which was a. conElider-
By His Excellency's command. able deposit of ammunition. Its
xplosion
EDWARD BAYNES, must have killed many. Thtj Caledonia,
Adj .(;eneral North America. lately captured by the enemy, was destl'oy'
:I be followiog c.Hicial account of the battle cd at her moorin
s.

is found in the archives department at Ot,
ta\Va :-
(F1'om the Plattsburg Republican.)
BRiTISH OFFICIAL ACCOUNT

LAND
JARKS OF TOHOXTO.

1073

Lieut.-Col. Myers speaks highly of the r The Major-General particularly mentions
discipline of the detachment flf the 49th the services oÎ Lieut. -Cols. Butler aDù
Rel!iment, under '\lajor Ormsby, and of t}w Clark, of the militia, au,I Capts. Batt. Du.
skill and spirit with which t11e guns were rand, Rowe, Applegarth, James Crooks,
served under Capt. Kirby and Lieut. Bir- Cooper, Robert Hamilton, McEwan and
son of the militia, Duncan Cameron, and Lie ute. Richardl30n
Essential sf'r,.ice rendered by Brigade and Thomas Butler, commanding flank com-
Major Evan!!. left in charge of Fort panies of the Lincoln and York militia. who
(;eorge; a well directed fire from that led their men into action \\Ïth
reat spirit.
work succeeded in silencing the The '\I&.jor-General reports the conduct of
enemY'1i batteries on the opposite side. Cap- the Indians employed on this occasion as
tain Vigoreux, Royal Engineers; CoL Claus meriting the highest praise for tbe good
and Capts. Powell and Cameron of the militia I order and spirit, and particularly namos the
were zealous and indefatigable in their exer- Chief Norton, who was wounded.
tions, particularly in extineuishing fires Several gentlp,men volunteQred their ser-
which broke out in the court hou::;e and vices in the field, and shnred in the honor of
other places from red hot shot fired by the the day. Mr. Clouch and Mr. 'Willcox
ememy. were of the number, and the AlaI,jor-General
l aptains Dennis and Williams of the flank witne
sed the zealous conduct of many
companies of the 49th Regiment have par- other's not mentioned in hia report
ticularly distinguished themselves,the former
Jajor-Gelleral Sheaffe had humanely con-
officer I'etained the command of his company sente,! to a cessation of offensive hostility on
of grenadiera to the end of the conflict, the Bolicit:J.tion of }'Iajor-Gl!nerR.1 Van Rens-
though suffering se,'erely from his wound. scllaer, for the purpose of allowing the
To Captain Holcroft of the Royal Artil- Americans to remove the Lodies of their
lery, the highest praise is due for his success- slain and wounded.
ful and judicious co. operation. The well- G. O.-
Iajor-General Roger Hale Shea.ffe
directed fire of the artiller'y militia, as well is appointed to the command of tbe troops
as regulars, is the best proof of the indefatig- m the Upper Province, and to administer
able zeal ann talents 01 that officer. the civil government of the same.
.Major l\ierritt, commanding the Niagara. EDWARD BAY
E9,
Dragoonsaccompanied and rendered essential Adjutant-Veneral.
assistance with part of his corps. Capt. After the battle of Queenston an armistice
A. Hamilton, belon
in
to it, was was concluded between Gen",ral Smy
h of
disabled from riding and atta.ched himself the United
tatQS army. and Gene:-al
to the gUlls under Capt. Holcroft, who Sheaffe, who upon the death ot Brock had
speaks highly of his activity and usefulness. become administrator of the Government of
Lieutenant Crowther, 41st Regiment, had the Province a.nd also succeeded to the chief
charge of two field pieces whIch were em- military command. This cessation of hos-
ployed with good effect. tilities termina.ted on NC?vembf'!' 20th, the
Capta.ins Derenzy and Bullock are rerre- American,:; having notified the British to
sented to have main
ained the high repu, \'\ that E:ffec
. The armistice had been {;tranted
tlOn of the 41st regiment. in the detachment on the application of Gene al Smyth on
under their respective commands. October 18th" to continue until thirty hours
Major General Sheaffe reports having re- sUer notice of its termination."
ceived <<,ssentia.l service from Ca.ptain Glegg. Three days later Gelleral Sheaffe address-
the aide-de-camp to :\lajor General Broci;;, ed the foilowing dispatch to Sir George
Lieut. Fowler, 41st Regiment Deputy Assis- Prevost:-
taRt Quarter Master General and Lieut. Ker FORT GEORGE. 23rd Nov., 1812.
of the Light Infantry Fencibles, employ,d SIR,-Having formed the resolution of
with the flanking party of indians. opening a fire on Fort Niagara after the ex.
ThQ eminent services and talents of piratioll of the armi!"tict:, with a view to
Lieut, Col. 1\îo.cdonnel, Provincial Aide,de- cripple it for a co-operation in any ea.rly
Camp a.nd Att.orney-General of the Pro- projected iIottack on this fla.nk, and to crea.te
vince a.re recorded by thIS most honorable a diversion in favor of the other da.nk,
testimony of the gallant General, whose steps should the de5igns of the enemy be directed
he followed durin
the short but glorious ae,aillst it, it being reported that hI!!! main
career, nor quitted him in death. body was assembJ, d ill front of it, prepara-
Volunteers
haw, Thomps0n and Jarvis, tions were accordinglv made for the p
lr-
attached to the flank companies of the 49th pose, a.nd the firp. wa.s commenced on the
Regiment, con,ìucted themseh'es with great morning of the 21st instant. I had pre-
spirit. TJ,e first was wound('d and the last viously set out for the right flank, tbinkill,
!
:aken priwner. tllar my presence might be more requirc.:ì

J074

LANO
IARKS OF TORONTO.

there, those able officerR, Lieut, .Co1. Myers I their several posts. and continue generally to
and Capt. Halcl"Oft. being her
to conduct' evince the best dispo$itlOn,
the operations.' assisted by Brigade I
ome old Loya ists who bore arms in the
Major Evans, under whose dlrec. American war have come in thou.!h exempt
tiû\Js they had been so success- from service in the militia. I retain them
ful on the 13th October. The report I , for the present. as they lu'e still capable of
which I have the honor of transmitting, stationary service, and theil' lessons and
will i .form your Excellency of the events of examples will have a. happy influence (\n the
the day. The advantage, though not so youth of the militia ranks.

reat as might reasonably hllove been ex-I 1 have the honor to ùe Your ExceUency'ø
pee ted, is, however, on our side. The old j most obedient and most humble servant,
l.milding in front of l!"ort Georlre t}-oat was R. H SHEAFFE,
burnt, intercepted the view of the beach Major-General Commanding,
from a commanding position, The damage To His Excellency Sir George Prevost, Bart,
done to the buildings in t,Ì1e fort can be reo etc., etc., etc.
p .ired in two or three days; none of the Lieutenant Colonel ,Myers so flatteringly
guns or works have been injured, and we referred to ill the foregoing document was
have only to lament the 108s of an inhabit- an officer on the staff, head of the Quarter.
ant, an old half-pay officer, Captain Fry. master-General's department. He was re,
who was killed while collectin
shot (as he moved from those duties to take command at
said to send back to the enemy). and of one Niagara early in August, 1812 by Brock
private of the 49th Regiment. SOTDe of the himself who in reportin/;C the appointment to
houses in the town were damaged, particu- I Sir George Prevost, wrote:-" The high
larly two or three of them, but not one was! sense 1 entertain of the abilities and judg-
Lurnt, though it was found that the enemy's: ment of Lieut.-Colonel :\lyerø induced me to
shot \\ere in general heated His E:xpendi. I appoint him to the important command at
ture in ammunition must have been very, Nia.gara.."' Captain Holcrøft was also a staff
great His fire ha.ving been very quick it I ollicp.r, Captain Fry belonged to the 8th
wa.s, of course, ill. dIrected. The numLer of I " King'R" Re.,:iment, noli the" King's Own,"
his shot already collected, and added I that de:öignation belonged to another
to our piles, proba.bly exceedø that I battalion of intantry, the 4th, while the
which was fired by us, The extent I 2nd were the "Queen's OW1I." It is more
of the mischief done by our fire cannot be than probable that the Toronto II Queen's
ascertained, but by the observations made,as I Owe. Rifles" owe their title to the fact that
noticed in the accompanying report, the being the 2nd Regiment in the Canadian
damage and loss that the enemy suffered Infantry militia, it followed naturally
m'.lst have far exceeded ours. that thev should also have the alternative
In my visit to the other part of the Hne I and J
ore honorable title Lieutenant
observed two large camp:!, one a.t S::hlesser Colonel Bishop and Major-General Shaw
and the other below Black Rock. The have both been referred t<
, many times
troops a.ppear to have been withdrawn from I pre\'iously. The former was inspectin
field
the former; the other is partly concealed by officer of militia and m.t his death on the
an ialand. Their greatest assembly of troops I field of action at Black Rock. some months
i, said to be near :Buffalo, and is not visible later, Major-General Shaw wa.s Æuea!l
from any part of our line, , Shaw who had seen a great deal of service
Indications have been discovered of their t "':ld
'as one of Y ork's fir
t in?abitants. He
preparing boats for a movement, I havt!' I died III 1815 a
d was burled lfi the grave,
directed some Indians to be sent on Grand I Tard surroundmg the Church of St. James
Isla.nd secretly to watch their motions. 1 1n that place,
Lieut.-Colonel Bisshopp, whom I find an During the armistice spoken of General
active and intelligent officer, is at present I S.uyth had exerted himself vigorously in
on that Hank, .\lajor-General Shaw, who prepa.rillg boats whereby to invade the
commanded therè, with the rank of colonel' upper province near Fort Erie. Christie. in
in the militia and pay of lieutenant-colonel I hii volume published in 1818, and compiled
having relinqUlshed the command to retur
! prob
bl.,
o.ne.wh
t ea
lier !lays the actua.l
to the duties of adjutant-gener
l of I landmg when It did ta,;:e place was "at the
milit.ia in which his s8rviceø Were much upper end of Vra
Isle, between Fort Erie
wanted. The number of militia in the field azul Chippawa." General
heaffe in hia dis-
&as considerably increa.sed since the notice patch of November 3
th, 1812, give. the
was giv8n of the \.ermination of the armis. ' following account (If the affair:- ,
tice, bu1. it is partly in cons8quence of mea- _ CHIPPAWA, 30th Nov., 1812. - Sir,
BUrtiS that had been previously adopted for 1 ha\'e the honor of re.porlmg to
ð<l.1lin
in ab.ientees. l'hey are Yery alert in your Excellency that very early m the morn-

LA
O
L\RKS OF TOROKTO.

107:)

in{! of the 28th inst. an attack was made commendation for the spirit and actidty he
on our batteries opp03ite to Black Rock, displayed, and great credit is due to the
'they were wrested frOlI' us for a t.ime Ly officors and men who acted under hi.
superior numbers, but Majer OrmsQY, 49th orders,
Regiment, with a bOlly of troops irom Fort h was unfr rtunate for the service
Erie, havin{! formed a junction witb Lieut. - that those valuable officers, Lieutenant
CO]0uel Bisshopp who had mover! up with King, of the ROyia.l ArÜllery, and Lieut.
great celerity Îroln Chipp').wa, witb rein- Lamont, 49tb Regiment, were so early die-
forcements, those of the enemy who had not abled, otherwi3e the most beneficial effects
retired to thtir own sbore, amounting to might have heen expected from their exer-
nearly forty, were made prisoners, with tions. 1 bave tbe honor to be your Excel-
Captain King wbo bad commanded them in leney's mo
t obedient humble &ervant,
the attack. R. H, SHEAFFE,
On receiving information of the attack, I I Major-Geut'ral Commanding, etc.
went up baving previously ordered a move- To his Excelleucy Sit" George Prevost, Bart
men' of troops to strengthen those posts The returnlii following were-also furnished
trom which reinforcemen':.s had I by Gener&.l Sheaffe to Sir (
eorge Prevost:
been detached ,to the right I Return of killed, wounded and missing of
flank. On my arrival there I found the the following corps of the division of "he
enemy in great force, oÏ which hll seemed to I army serving in Upper Canada. under the
to make an ostentatious display, some on command of Major - General Sheaffe, in an
shore and some in boats, perhaps with the I affair with the enemy on the Niagara fron-
hope of its
iving effect to a summons which tier on the 21st and 28th November, 1812.
Lieut. ,Colonel Hsshopp had received to sur- 21sT NOVE
IBER.
render Fort Erie. Roy
l Artillery-l rank and file wounded.
When I approacheà the ground opposite 4Dth Regiment-l rank and file killed.
tu Black Rock,
everallarge
odies of the 28TH NOVEMBER.
enemy were seen moving downwards. I sus- Royal Artillery-l rank and file killedi
pected thcir intention to be either to ad- 1 lieutenant; 1 rank and file woulJded.
vance from the bottom of Squaw blann in 49tn R
giment--12 rank and fiie killed; 1
aid of a direct attack above it in front of lieutenent, 3 sergeants and 22 rank and file
Black Rock, or that a design ag,i.Ïnst this \\ ounded, 3 drummers ånd 21 rank and file
post or some other lower point was in con, missing,
templation. I therefore caused some de- .Militia Artillery-l sergeant wounded.
tachments that I had pa3sed 011 the roae! to Norfolk Militia-1st Regiment-l ser'
be halted opposite to tlae ffJot of 8quaw geant killed, I captain. 1 lieutenant and
Island, and I remained thcre till night ap- 8 rank and file wounded õ 2 rank and file
proached, w hen I set off for this post. I mis::Jing
continue here as being a central situatiolJ, Norfolk MilitIa-2nd Regiment-l rank
in whICh I can quickly receive intelligence and file killed, 7 rank and file wounded, 4
from either extremity of the line. rank and file mi
sing.
It appears that lD 'he affair of Oxford
lilitia-:First Regiment-5 rank
the 28th the loss on our and file missini'
part, if not the early succedS Totalloss-14 rank and file line, 1 ser.
of the evening, was chiefly owing to his ha.v-
eant, 1 ra.nk and tile, mili'l,ia killed; 2
ing leen mistaken for friendly 8uccour com- li
utenants, 3 sergeants, 24 rank and file
ing from some neighboring quarter. Hne, 1 captain, llien&enant, 1 sergean
and
Captain Fitzgerald, 49th R9giment, was 15 rank and file, militia. wounded; 3 drum-
employed to carry to mack Rock Lient. - mers and 21 rank and tile line, 11 rank and
Colonel Bisshopp's answer to the sum,l1ons file, militia mlssmg.
he received. He s "'" llrigadier-Gelleral General total-l sergeant and 16 rank and
Smyth, who desired him to survey his force. I file, killed; 1 captain, 3 lieutenants, 4 ser.
He counted fifty-six large boats with men geants, 39 rank and file, wounded; 3 drum.
in them, and there was a great number of mers and 32 rank and file, missing.
troops on shor6-in a.ll he thought about Offic
re wounded-Captain Bostwick, løt
fiye thousand, and be saw six SCOW6 with a Norfolk militia (slightly); Lieut. King,
field piece in each,
nd horses with every Royal Artillery (se..-erely and taken priso.
appurtenance for field movement, ner) ; Lieut.. Lamon
,49th Regiment (severe.
I have not yet received Lieut;.,Colonel ly); Lieut, Ryerson, 1st regiment Norfolk
Biøshopp', official report, n<lr the return of militia (severt:ly).
the killed, wounded and missing, I wait THü:\lAS EVANS, Major of Brigade.
for them to despatch an express. By his Excellencey.s command,
Lieut.-Colonel Bisshopp deserves hi
b EDWARD BAY
ES, Adjt.-GeD.

1076

LAND:\lARKS OF TORONTO.

When the neW8 reached En
lanã. of the Comparative statement of the British anò
r
pulse of the Americans at Qlieens'on, and American forces upon the lakes, as far as
uf General Sheaffe's victory, achieved after that of the enemy can be ascertained.
the death of Brock, there was great rejoic, Qua.rtermaster General's Office,
ing, and vp.ryearly in December the Secre. MOXTREAL, 13th
larch, 1813.
tary of 8to.te for \Var, addressed the follow. ON LAKE ERIE.
ing letter to Sir GeorQ"e Prevost :- British-The Queen Charlotte, ca.rryi'1g
ÛOWNING STREET, 8th Dec., 1812. 12 24,pounder carronades and four long
To Lieutenant-General Sir Geo. Pl'evost, 9-poundeL", two in the bow and two in the
Bart, etc" etc" etc. stern. ship-rigged, 16 guns. The Lady
SIR,-I have had the satisfaction of re- Prevost, 10 12-pound carronades and two
ceiving your despatch, No. 13, and I 10!lt long sixes, one in the bow and another in
no time in la.ying before his R'Jva.l Highness the stern, schooner-rig
ed, 12 guns, The
the Prince Regent intelligence so hC.hly to Generi'l Hunter, six long six pounders, six
the credlt of his Majesty's arms, and so guns. Total 34.
calculated to secure his Majesty's posses- The above are fully equipped and ready
sions in Nor'h America. for sea. The following are building and
I am commanded by his Royal Highness may be rp.ady to launch in June.
to beg you will take the ear
iest opportunity A ship of 18 guns, which it is proposed to
of conveying to M. General Sheatfe his Royall arm with 14 12-pounder carronade3 and four
Highness' entire approbation of the dis- long nines, in bridle ports in the bow a

tinguished service of that officer on this sterD, 18 guns. Two decked gunboats,
occl\sion, and of the zealous exertions and capable of mountinl! a long 18-pounder
exemplary courage displayed by tee officers each, two g
m9. Total building 20 guns.
and troops under his command. Total number of guns expected to be
As a testimony of his Roya.l Highne8>1' mounted in the vellsels by the end of June or
sense of Major-General Sheatfe's service.. he beginning ùÎ July-54
has been graciously pleased to confer upon American-The naval force of the enemy,
him the title of barûnet of the United King- on this la.ke, was all taken and destroyed
dome last summer, but they have been building,
His Roya.l Hi
hne3s is fully aware of the both at Buffalo and Sandusky. It is there-
severe loss which his Majesty's service has fore uncertam who.:' their means may be 0,1
expf'rienced by the death of Major-GenerJt the openin
oÎ navi
ation. There is, how-
Sir Isaac Brock; this would r.ave beeD ever, no reason to suppose that they will be
sufficient to have ciouded a victory of .nuch enabled to meet us on ,he lake, as, from Roll
2reater importance. the information we have been enable<i to
His '\lajesty has lost in him not only an procure, their efforts have been confined to
able and meritorious officer, bu' one who, small crafl; and gunboats, etc.
in the exerci!:'e of his fun
tions of Provisional O
J.AKE ONT.ÁRIO.
Lieutenant-Governor of the Province. dls- British-The Royal Geor
8, carrying 20
played qualities admirably adapted to awe 32-pounder carronaàes, ship rigged, 20
the disloyal, to reconcile the wavering and guns. The Earl of Moira, Ctlrryin!! 10 18.
animate the
reat mass of the inhabitants pounder carronades and 4 long sixes, 2 in
agairlst the 8uccessive
ttempts of the the bow and 2 in tbe stern, bri/z rigged, 14
enemy to invade the
rovince, iI, the last of guns. The Prince Regent, 10 12,pounder
whkh he unha'J?pily fell, too prodigal of that carronades and 2 long sixes, 1 in the bow
life of which his eminent services had and 1 in the stern, 12 guns. The Gloucester
taught us to understand the value. formcrlv carried 6 6-pounders,(now repaired)
His Royal Highness has a.lso been cutter rigged, 6 guns; total, 52 guns.
graciously pleased to express his re
ret at The RoVal George and Earl of l\loira are
the loss which the province must experience at Kingston, and the Regent and Glouce::;ter
by the death of the Attorney, General, Mr. at York. The above are fully equipped and
McDonnell, whose zealûus co-operation with ready for sea.
Sir Isaac Brock will reflect lasting honor on The following are building :-The Sir
bis mem >ry. Isaa.c Brock, building at York, to carry 26
Very 300n after tbe events of November 32 pounder carronades and 4: long eigh-
28th, on the NIagara frontier, winter set in teens, 2 in the bow and 2 in the stern, ship
with p-rf'at severity, and warlike operations rigged. This vessel should be launched in
were for the time suspended, but the spt'ing May; 30
uns. Ship building at Kingston
of 1813 had not far ad vanced when warlike I of
2 gUll., 18 32,pounder carrona.des, and
operations were resumed, -1 long twelves, 2 forward,
aft, ship rigged,
The followmg tables show accurately the 22 guns.
chooner building at Kingston to
naval forces on the lakes :_ carry 1018..pounder carronades and 4 laD I!

LA
D
lARKS OF TORONTO.

1077

mnes, 2 forward and 2 nit The ship will
be launched the 15th April, anù the schooner
about the middle of
la.y, 14 guns; total
buildinl;: 66 guns.
Total number of guns expected to be
mounte<Ì in the ,-easels as soon as the
ordnance arrives and can be got up, pro-
bably by the end of June, 118 guns.
American-The ship Maddison, carrying
26 32'pounder carronades, 26 guns. The
brig Oneida, 16 24,pounder calTonades, 16
guns. A new vessel building of the class of
the Oneida (it is supposed) 16 guns. Six or
eight armed craft carrying either one hea.vy
gun or two or three of a lighter calibre each,
say eight vessels, mounting 2 32-pounder
long guns, 2 24 pounders long guns. 10
l
oundel'long guns 14 guns, Total Ameri-

n guns, 72.

burning all the public buildings. the troops
are now embarking, but are all ignora.nt of
their destination.
Few houses in town escaped a minute
search by two or three different parties,
under prfltence of looking for public pro-
perty, .Many have beQn pillaged, and some
have had everything taken from them and
threatened with the 108s of their 1i ves.
\Ye have now nearly forty wounded men
to take cl'jte of, some very badly, and several
amputattona must take place. We have no
medica.l assistance for them, 'he surgeon&..
having retreated along with the troops.
I hav
the honor to be, sir,
Your most obedient servant,
W. ALLAN,
Major 3rd Reg. York Militia.
To :Sir Roger Hale Sheaffe, commanding the
forces at Kingston.
On May 5th Sir Roger Sheaffe having
reached Kingston after his retreat from
York, sent the following official account of
tl'.e matter to Sir George Prevost ;-
KI
GSTO
,
la.y 5, 1813.
SIR,-I did myself the honor of writmg to
Your Excellency on my route from York,
to communicate the mortifying intelligence
that the enemy had obtained possession of
that place on the 27th of April.
I shall now !rive Your Excellency a further
deta.il of that event.
In the evening of the 26th information
was received that many vessels had been seen
to the eastward, Very early the next morn-
YORK, 2nd May, 1813. ing they were discovered lying to, not far
Sir,-In obeði
nc9 to your orders at the from the harbor. .c\itersome time hadelaps
d
moment of retreating at 3 o'clock p.m. 27th they made sail, and,to the number of sixteen
ult., Lieut.-Col. Chcwett and myself, of various descriptions, anchored off the
accompanied by the Re\'. Dr. 8trachan, shore. some distance to the westward; boat8
entererl into terms of capitulation with the full of troops were immediately seen as-
commander of the enemY'1!I forces (of which seml'ling near their commodore's ship, under
the enclosed is a copy,) Various difficulties r:over of whose fire and that of other ves-
were thrown in the wav of its final sels, and sided by the wind they soon effect-
adjustment from t.h. destru
tion of the ship ed a landing in spite of a spirited opposition
and naval stores, supposed to have been from Major Givens, and about 40 Indians; a
comman(led by you subsequent to your company of Glengarry Light Infantry which
orders to capitulate. had been ordered to support them, was by
They w
re not ratified Ity General Dear- some mistake, (not in the smallest degr
e
born till next afternoon, during which imputable to its commander) led in another
period the inhabitants were exposed to every direction, and ca.me late into actlOn; the
sort of insult and depredation. other troops, consisting of two companies of
But as matters were very little mended by the 8th or King's Regiment and about a
the ratification, it is preiiumed that these company of the Royal Newfoundland R
gi-
depredations happened more from the mant, with some militia, encountered
insubordination of tÌle men than the wish of the t'nemy in a thick wood.
the officers. Captain McNeal of the King's Regimeni
It is proper to ob&erve to you, sir, that I was killed while gallantly leading his com-
the protection of private property was con- pany, which suffered severely; the troops
stru
J not to extend to your baggage, having at lengtil feU back; they rallied several
Leen abandoned by you, It is accordingly times, but could not maintain the contest
taken from the place of its deposit. against the greatl, superior and increasil1g
After carrying off all the public store! and number of the eu.my. They retired under

A. GREY,
Acting Dep. Q'r. .M'r. General.
On Apl.n 27th, 1813, as told elsewhere, the
town of York was captured by the Ameri-
cans, The terlOs of the capitulation and a
fac simile of the document !lave appeared in
an earlier cha.pter. After the evacuation of
the town by the Americans Major Allan of
the 3rd York militia. addressed the follow-
ing pla.inspoken epistle to Sir Roger
he1lffe.
That gallant officer is credited with having
ha.d a very bad temper, and with being also
of a very
yrannical disposition. It is not
at all probable that Major Allan's letter
e.oothed him in !lny way for his recect re-
buff.

1078

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

coYer of our batteries which were engaged
with some of the enemy's vesltels, that had
moved higher up the harbor.
They kept up a heavy fire on us, some of
their guns being tinny two pounders; to
return it we had two twelve pounders and
t.wo old condemned eighteen pounders with-
ou," trunions, and during part of

he time, a twe] ve pounder of the
lIame description, which we had. stocked and
mounted; with these defective means the
enemy was kept at bay ior some time, when,
by Borne unfortunate accident, t.he mag"zine
.at the Western Battery blew up, and killed
,and wounded a coUl,iderab]e num ber oi men,
and crippled the battery.
1 t became too evident that our numbers
ud means of defence were ina.dequate to
,he task of maintaining possession of York

a.inst the vast superiority of force brought
r.ga.inllt it. The troops were withdrawn to-
wards the town, and were finally ordered to
cdrell.t on the rO!l.d to Kingston. The powder
ìnagaaine was blown up, and the new ship
..nd the naval s:ores destroved.
Lieut.-Colonel Chewett e:-nd Major Allan,
Df the militia, residents in the town, were
instrnc\.ed to treat with the American com.
mandel's for termR.
A statement of those agreed on with
Major-General Dea.rborn ",nd Co:nmodore
Chauncey is tranamitted to your Excellency
with returns of the killed and wounded, etc,
The accounts of the number of the enemy
vary from eigh
en hundred and ninety to
three thousand. We had about six hundred,
including militia. &lld dockyard men. The
queJityof some of these troops 1'1'&8 of so
superior a description, and their general dia
position !!IO good, that uncier lesa unfa vorable
circumstances I 8hould have felt confiden'
of SUCce88, ill spite of the dispari;;y of num-
ben. As it w.... thQ contest, which com-
menced between six and Beven o.clock. was
maintained nearly eight hours.
Wht"n we had proceerled some miles from
York we m..t the light company of the
King's Regiment on ita route for Fort
George. h retired with us and covered the
retrea.t, which 1'1'&8 effected without moles-
t.atio..} from the enE:my.
I prop08e remaining here until I shall reo
ceive Your &cellency'. commands.
I have tlto honor to be, with
reat reapect,
Your Excellency.s most obedient and hum.
ble servant.
R. H. SHEAU., .Maj. ,Gell.
H. E Sir George Prevost, Bart.
The following letter was also sent 1;0 Sir
Geor
e Pre yost. It does not require ..ny

mm.Dt ;
JÜ:-iGSTON, U. Canada, 13th May, 1813.

LORD.-I re2retto ba.ve to 11;a.te to yuur

Lordship that the money in the Provincia]
'lreilsllry fell into the enemy's hands when
he obtained possession of York-it had been
concealed, but the ent:my threatened to de-
stroy the town unless it. were produced. It.
wad g\ven up. 1 do not know l;i1e exact
amount, but from the best information I had
been able to obbin it was about two thou
sand pounds, Mr. Selby was at the time in
do state of in8ensibility from the illness which
soon afterward8 proved fatal to him. I have
the honor to bp. My Lord, with great respect,
your Lordship's most obedient humble ser-
van t.
R H.
HEAFFE, M. General. PresideDt, &c,
Earl Bathurst, &c,. &
,
This åespa.tch of (-íeneral
heaffe Sir
George Prevost forwarded several davs L\ter
to Earl Bathurst, the Secretary of
ta.te
ior War, together with a list of the killed
a.nd wounded at a capture of York. It
will be seen from Sir George's Jetter that hI::
did not write at all enthusiastically and tha.t
he evidently felt himself to be in a very
awkward position. But the letter will
speak for itself :-
HEADQUARTER::i. Kmgston, U. V.,18th Ma.y,
1813
i\l y LORD.-I ha.ve the honor of transmit-
ting to your Lordship copy of a dispa.tch
which I have received from Major-General
Silo Roger Sheaffe, containing tbe particulara
of an attack made bv the land forces and
the flotilla of the en
II1Y upon York in Up-
per Canada on the 27th ultimo. \Vhen
your Lordship ad.verts to the smaH propor-
l ion of regulal' force as yet at my disposal
and is informed that the United States have
acquired a decided Buperiority on Lake
Ontario, in COil&equence of their ext}rtiolls
during the last six months to increase their
marine, most particula.rly on that lake.
whilst I have been unable to obtain from
I Admiral Sir John \Varren a timely rein-
forcement of seamen with the naval officers,
who were sent by him through
the forests of :\few Hruns\\cick
to Quebec, \\ here they arri veù on the 20th
of last month, I hope your L;>rdshìp will
feel disposed fa,vorably to represent to His
Royal High.ness tha Prince Regent. the
J;talÍant effõrts made by a handful of British
troops for the preservation of the Jl-ost they
had to defend against the numerous for..:e
brought for its conquest.
The enemy left York on the 8th inst. and
proceeded to Niagara where I understanJ
they landed on the American side ot the
lake 1,200 men, under General Dearborn,
for the purpose of then gathering their army
on that line and probabiy with a view to
make a further attempt upon Fort ErIe or
:Fort. Georae. The flotilla. afterwards re'

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

1079

turned to Sarkett's Harbor where I find Lieutenant De Koven, Roya.l Newfonndland
from a flaK of truce which came over tbe day Regiment; prisoner-officer Ensign Robins,
before yesterday they remained on the 14tll. Glengarry Light Infantry, slightly; geDeral
From the information I haye received sia.ff wounded - Capt. I..oUD!!'. 104th
from an officer of the Lake Marine taken at regiment, slightly; Iucorpora.t"d Militia--
York, and sent over in the flag of
ruce I Capt. Jarvis, wounded, voluÐteen, D. Mac-
find the enemY'1!I force at Sackett's Harbor Lean, clerk of House of Assembly, killed,
amounts to near 5,000 men, and that they Mr. Hac!'!ley. Ba.rrack Master, wounded.
were making preparations for another ex- RICHARD LEOSARD.
peùition, bU1i to what point the attack was to A Deputy-Assistant Adjutant-GeneraL
be .lirected I have not been able to ascertain. EDWARD BAYNF.s,
I ha.ve the honor to be, my Lord, your Adj.-General,
Lordship's most obeàitmt humble servant, North America.
GEORGE PRE YOST. Endorsed. Return of killed, wounded
The Righi Honora.ble "h. Earl of Ba- and prisoners and Dlissing of the troops
thurst. engaged at York under the command of f;ir
Return of killed, wounded, prisoner8 and Roger H. Sheaffe, on the 27th uIto.
missing of the troops engaged at York under Kingston. 10th
J ay, 1813.
the command of Sir Roger Hale Shell.fl'e. on LT. -GEN. SIR G. PRE_toST.
the 27
h u\to,. Kingston, 10th May, 1813: No. 60, 18th May, 1813.
Royal Artillery - KiHed, 3 gunners; On June 6th, 1813 was fought wbat is
wounded and prisoners, 1 drummer; Plison- known as the battl'3 of Stoney Creek when
ers, 1 bombardier. 3 gunners; missing. 1 when it had been the desire of the invaders
gunner, Total-l bombardiflr, 7 gunners, 1 and their boast that that they would ac-
drummer. complish their purpose, "hich was to m!1.ke
8th, or King's Regiment-Killed,1 captain prisoners of the whole of the British forces
1 sergeant-major, 3 sergeants, -10 rank and and at Ol1ce brin
to a close hostilities on
file; wounded, 2 sergeants, 21 mnk and file; the northwe8t frontier, On Ma.y 8th previ,
wounded and prisoners, 1 sergeant, 25 rank ously an attack had been maàe by Commo-
Bond file; prisoners, 2 rauk anlÌ file; missing, dore Chauncy of the United States navy on
1 rank and file, '1"otal-l capta'Ï:1, 1 sergeant. Niagara. which the P-ritisll wp.re unable to
major, 6 sergeants, 89 rank and file. I rel!list owing, it is said, to the overwhelming
Newfoundla.nd Regiment-Killed, 1 ser- numbers of tbe attacking force8. After

eant, 1 drummer, 10 rank and file; wound- spikin
the guns and destroying the
ed, 1 drummer, 6 rank and file; woun
1ed I magazines, the British forces retreated
a.nd prisoners, 1 lieutenant, 3 sergeants, 1 toward Burliugton. 1 he loss of the British
drummer. 8 rank and file; prlSOnel's, 2 rank on thil!S occasion both regulars and
!l.nd file; missing, 2 rank a.ud file. Total-l militia amounted it is stated to
lieutenant, 4 sergeants, 3 drummers, 28 rank nearly three hundred and fifty killed, and
:l.nd file. many more wound.d. The 1088 of the
Glengarry Light Infantrr....:.Killed. 2 rank Americans was about two hundred. Colonel
rmd filII; woundeà, 1 ensign, 3 rank and file; Vincent, commanding the 49th Regiment,
missing, 3 rank and file, Total-l em.ign, actin
for the time as Brigadier-General,
S rank anò file. was 10 command, and on the evening of June
49th Regiment- \Y ounded and prisoners, 5th, he found that the American forces,
3 l'ank and file; Prisoners 2 rank and file. numbering 3,5CO infantry and about 300
[These men were in the hospital at the ca\"alry, were encamped a.t Stoney Creek,
time of the action,) Total-5 rank and file. som
nine miles from his own headquarters,
Return of killed, wounded, pri!\oners and Vincent determined to atta.ck them at
miss ng - Killed, 1 captain, 1 sergeant- once. The o.ct1oa commenced between one
m:l.jor, 4 sergeants, 1 drummer, 52 rank and two o'clock on the morl1ing of June 6th.
and fil
, 3 !!unners; wounded- I ensign, 2 The following i8 an a

ount given by a.n eye
sergeants, 1 drummer. 30 rank and file; witness;-
woundeù and prisoners-l lieutenant, 4 "Immediately the qnarter guard of the
sergeauts, 1 drummer, 36 ra.nk and file. 1 enemy was sl:lrprised and taken. and
drivt:r ; prisonel's-G rank and file, I bomb- thf' assailant8 rushed into the camp,
ardier. 3 gunners; l\1issing-6 rank anù file, where all was in apparent security. But
1 gunnu. Total-l Captain, 1 licuteua.nt, ! such a scene of carnage commenced, the
1 ensign. 1 ser
can1;-Major, 10 sergea.nts, 3 huzzas of the besiegers, the yells of the
drummers. 130 rank and file, 1 bombardier, I Indians. led on by Captain Brant, the cla!'h-
i gunners, 1 drh'er. iug oi bayonets, and above u.ll, the thunder
Officers killed--Capt. Neal McNeal, 8th of the cannon and musketry, rendered it
or King's regiment ; officers wounded- truly appallil1
"

1080

LANDylARKS OF TORONTO.

Aner the action Colonel Vincent again
resumed his old position on Burlington
Hei
hts. On this occasion two general
officer. and une hun.iren and fifty otiicera
N. Co 0., a.nd men of the American forces
became prisoners of WAr.
Sir aëorge Prevost in his despatch to
Earl Bathurst thw; related t.he story: -
KIN&STON, Upper Canada,
14th June, 1813
My LoRD,-I hAve again the hil(h gratifi.
cation of baving to trauamit to your Lord-
ship the particulars of a feat of
ditotinguiah-d valor and enterprize
achi.Ted near Bnrlington P.ay on the 6th
instant by a division of the a.rmy cMDlDanded
by Col. ViBcent, of the 49th regiment. who
is acting as Brigadier-General iu Upper
Canada, until Hli Royal Hi
hnes8 the
l'rince Regent's pleasure is known.
To the just measure of praise given by
Col. Vincent. to Lieut.-Cot Harvey for the
zeal, iDtelli
eflce and galh.ntry di
played by
him on thid occasion. I have to aid tha.t so
great was the ù...ire of t.hat meritorious
officer to arrive at his post, and share in the
arduous duties of the army to which he h"d
been appointed, that he w .lked on snow
ahoea in the depth of last winter throu
b
the wilds laying betwfj"n the Canadas
and Ne..., Brunswick. In addition to Col.
Vincent's report of the affair at Stoney
(,'reek, I have the honor to inform your
Lordship that the enemy made a. mo\"e-
m
nt to their rear in consequence of the
attack of their ca.mp, and had r"tired to the
4U mil. creek when Sir James Yeo's flotilla
had appeared in tRe offing.
Thtl Commodore after communicating with
Co!. Vincent proceeded with the rp.inforce-
ment of troops I had put on board hi!! vessel
at Kingston towards theenemy'ssecond camp,
and when the lut. inteUi
ence left him his
squadron had so auccessfulfy cannonaded it
tbat tbe IDaSS of tbe Americans were re-
treatini with precipitation. and our troops
pressing upon tbem ; !!evera.1 of their boats
had faileD into our possession. The attack
made upon
ackett's Harbor, the 20th ult"
which ternÑnat,ed in tho oestrnc,iol1 of the
11&\"11.1 stores accumulated at that post., in-
duced the enem,.'s fleet to cease operating
with the army, au.<.l to retUl'n suddenly mto
port, since which time COIlHno,ìore Chauncy
has not venturo1d upon tht1 laÏLe.
Capt. McDonal. my a.ide de camp. will
ha.ve the honor of delivering to your Lord-
ship this dispatch. lie is an officel of grea!;
merit and intelligence, and having been sent
forward with instruction. to Col. Vincent,
ha.d the good fortune to he present in the
las, action iu which that division of the army
tiO hifl!:hly distin
uiBhed itself. Jj e was also

at the attack made on Sackett's H a.rbour,
and was emplayed on an arduous mission to
Col. Proctor, when the movement of tbe
American army under Genera.l Harrison to-
wards the Detroit frontier took place
in F1bruary last. He is tnereÍore well
qualified to giYE: your Lordship any informa-
tion you ma.y require respecting the state of
affairs in the Canadas, and deserYing of any
mark of favor it may graciously plea.se his
Roya] Highness the Pt"ince Regent to confer
on him.
Captain
lcDonal will also have the h(;nor
of delivering to your Lordship the colors
taken from tile ene:my at Ogdtmaburg that
they ma.y be laid a.t the feet of his Royal
Highneas the Prince Re
ent.
I have the honor to be my Lord your Lord.
ship's most obedit'nt and humble øervant.
GEORGI: PROVOST.
To RÌ(rht Hon. Earl Bathurst.
A sho
t time elapsed and then occ:ured
onl' of the most gallant actions of the wbole
'War, when Lieut. James Fitz,(,;ïbbon, with a.
mere ha.udful of men, succeeded in :-naklnJ{
pril!cners of a. vaatly superior American
force, But gallantly as Fitz,Gibbon nn-
doubtedly acted it is much to he regretted
that in hill despatch (which is given in full)
he did not then and there acknowledge by
tllune his indebtedness to that famous hero-
ine, La.ura Secord. It will be as well to let
tha
intrepid woman tell her own story. It
is contained in the following le
r :-
.. DEAR SIR,-I will tell you the 8tory in
a. few words :
....\fter going to St David's and the
recovery of Mr, Secord, we returned 1LR:ain
to Queenston where my courage again wai
much tried, It was there I gamed the t'lec-
ret plan laid to secure Captain Fitz-Gibbon
aud his party. I wa'i determined if possible
to Bave them. I had much dIfficulty in get-
IÌn
through thr Americdn gnards. They
were ten miles out in the country. \Vhen
I came to a field belonging to Mr. De Con,
in the neiS!:hborlu
od of the Reaver D80ma,
I then had wal;;ed nineteen milt's. By that
time dayli
ht had left me. I yet had a
swift stream of water (Tweln mile Creek)
to cros>! over 011 an old fallen tree aud to
climb a high hill which fatigued me very
much,
.. Eef<Jre I arrived at the encampment of tbe
Inòians as I approached they all arose with
one of their war yells, which indeed awed
me, You ma.y imagine what my feelings were
to behold so many sa.vage:i '\lit.h forced
coural.ge I went to one of the chiefs, told hill1
I had great news for his commander anÒ
that be mnst take me to htm or they would
all be lost. He did not understand m
. 1m'
said" \Von:an. what does \Yoman want

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

1081

here !" The scene by moonlight to some Adjutant Lieut. Barna.rd to communicate
might have be
n gra.n(l, but te a weak to you this inteìligence. Be has becn parti-
woman certainly terrifyil1g. \Vith difficulty calarly active and useful to me on an
I got one of the chiefs to go with me te their occasions. I take this opportuuity of men-
commander. With the intellitcence I gave tioning!Hm to you and be&?; the favor of ,.ou
him he formed his plana and Baved his to recommend him te his Excellency Sir
country. I ha.ve ever iound the brave and George Prevost. as &Il active a.nd promisiog
Hoble CoL Fitz.Uibbon a friend to me.
1ay YOUDit officer.
he prosper in the world to come as he haa in I ha.ve the honor to be. Sir,
this. LAURA ::5ECORD. Your'Dlo
t obedient servant.
CHIPPEWA, U. Ci., Feb. 18th 1861. CECIL HISSHOPP,
A more unselfish letter was nevel' pel1ned Lieut. -Col. Com'g Troo
.
a.nd probably few more disinterestedly un- Brigadier-General Vincer..t.
selfish women have e\'er existed than this Then follews a. despatch from Lieut.
humble heroine. "This noble milliled and Fitz1{ibbon.
i:1eroic woman." as she haa been ap
y de- TOWXSHIP OF LoUTH,
scribed by one of tlhe most a.ccorr.pli.bed of 24th Jur;x, i813,
her biogra.phers, pas8ed awa.y into the SIR,-At De COUI'S this morniog, a.bout 7
shadows of the Great Unknown on Octobef' o'clock,! received information that about one
17th, 1868, in the 94th year of her age, and thou8andofthe enemy with two guns. were aà-
lies buried in the little churchyard of Drum- vanci
'owarå me from St. DaYids. I S(\()Q
monùvllle. after heard a fiTing of canson anti musquetry
".'\nd time shall twine h
r wreath of baTs and in consequence rode in adva.o
two
Immortal as iter fame, - miles on the
t. .o..vid'. road. I observed
And mlLl1V a generation joy by the ñring that the enemy was moving fur
In Laura Secord's name." she road 00 'he mountain. I ßent of! Cornet
-Ballad of 1812 bg S.A.a. McKenny to Older out my deta.chmentof t.be
The following officiil.l dispatches ha.ve al. 49th, consisting of a 3uLalt.ern and 46 rank
ready been reierred to; the first is from and file, and closed upon
e en
my to re-
Lieut.. -Col. Bishopp:- I connoitce. I discovered him on the Moun-
BIi:AVKR DAM. June 24th, 1813. tain road, and took a -position on an emi,
SIR.-I have the honor to inform you that I nence to the right of it. My men arri...ed.
the troops y(\U have done me the honor to and pushed on in his front to cut off his re..
place \lnder my command have succeeded tl'e&.t, und&" a fire from his guns. which.
this day in ta.kin
prisonðl's a detachment I however, did no execution.
of the United States Army, under the com- Aftel' examining his pOiition, I found it;
mand of Lieut.-Col. hoel'stler. difficult to approach him, thue being 110
In this affair the Indian warriors undf\r wood in front Ol. on the flanks to cover the
the command of Captaiu Kerr were the only Indi&fts, and his force, apparently 000, 1
force actually ecga.ged, To them great could not approach. I was here informed
merit is due, and to them I feel particularly he expecte::l reinforcements, I. therefore.
oblili!;e..i for their galla.nt conduct on this decided on summoning him to surrender.
occ.sion. After the exchange of several propositions
On tbe appearance of the detachment of betweeo LÏeut, -Col. Boerstler and mYSt:lf. in
the 49th Rt"giment, under Lieut. Fitzgibbon, the name of Lieu... -Coi. DeHaren, Lieut.-
and tee ligllt company of the 8th or King's Co1. Boerstler agreed to surrender on she
R
iment, the two flank compaDies of t.he terms I!ta.ted in the IIol.tlcles of ca.pitulatioll.
l04th, under .Major De Haren. and the Pro- On my return to my men to seud on an
vinci..1 Cavalry, under Captain Neall, the officer to supt"rimend the det..ils of tbe
whole surrendered to his \-Iw.jesty's troop.!. .urrender, you arnved. I have the honor to
To the conduct of Lieut, Fitzgibbon. be sir,
through whose address the capitulation wa.s Your obedient, humble 8er\"ant.
entered into, may be atl'nbuted the surren- J. FITZGIBBO
,
der of the America.n force. Li
ut. 49th Regt.
To
ajor De Huen for his speedy mm-e- Major DeHaren.
ment to the point of attack anll execution Next we ha.'t[C the terms ot capitula.tion
oÍ the arran_emen'-s I hor.d prcviou-sly made and return of prisoners.
with him, I am very much obliged. I 24th June, 1&3.
I have the honor to enclose the ca.pitulo.- Particulars of the capitulation made be.
tion ent.:r
d iuto between Colonel BoerstIer I tween Captaia. McDowell on tbe part of
and myiielr and a. return of priBoner.s taken Li
ut.-Col. ]
oerst1el., of the Uui.ted Sta.tes
exclusive of wounded, not y
t uc
rt..ined' ar.uy aud Major De Haren, of his Britannic
I lost no time in forwa.nlin
my Statf- I MniestV.B Canadiun Re!!Ímen1i. on the Dan of

1082

LAND
IARKS OF TORO
TO.

Lieut.-Col. Bi8hopp, comma.ndin
the ad-
vance ot the Briti8h, respecting the force
under the command of Lieut.-Col. Boerstler,
First-That Lieut.-Col. Boerstler and the
force nnder his command shaH surrender
prison era of war.
;-;econd- That the officf"rs sha.ll retain their
arms, horseR and baggage.
Third.-Tha, that the non-commissioned
officwa and soldiers shall lay down their
arms at the head of the British column, and
become prisoners of war,
Ij'ourth.-l'hat the militia and volunteers
with Lieut. Co1. Boerstler 8hall be permitted
to return to the Unitl'cl States on parole,
1\:r;DREW McDoWELL.
C..pt. U. S. Lt. Artillery,
Handed to P. 8. Boerstler, Lt.-Col.
Comd'g. Deta.ch't, U. K Army.
P. V. DKHAREY,

lajor Canadian Reg't.
Return of American prisoners taken near
Fort George on 24th June, 1813.
Light .Dragoons-l cornet, 1 sergeant,
19 rank and file; two fil'ld pieces taken.
Light Artillery-l capta.in, 1 lieutenant,
2 sergeants, 31 rank and file. 6th Regt,
Infantry-II captain, 1 lieutenant, 3 sel"

ants, 54 rank and file; 1 I2-pounder,
1 6-pounder, 14th Re,:tt, Infantry-l
lieut.enant-colonel, 3 captains,11 lieutenants,
1 surgeon, 15 sergeants, 301 rank and file;
2 cars, stand of colors oÎ the 14th U.S.
Regiment. 20th Regt. Infantry-l Major.
23rd Reginumt Infaotry-l captain, 4 ser-

eants, 2 drummers, 5i rank and file.
Total-l lieut -colonel, 1 major, 6 capta.ills,
13 lip.utenants, 1 cornet, 1 surgeon, 25 ser-
geants, 2 drummers, 462 rank and file. 30
mllit.ia released on parole not. included in
this return.
Officers' names and ranks: - Lt. -Colonel
Bnerstler, 14th Regiment Infantry; Major
Taylor, 2Jth Regiment Infantry. Captains:
McDowcl1,
ight Artillery; McKerrsey,
6th Regiment lnfantry;
]cKenzie, 14th
P.egiment Infantry; Cummins, 14th Regi-
ment Infantry: Fleming, 14th Regiment In-
fantry; Roach, 2:
rd Regiment Infantry;
Lieutenants: Morris, Light Arlillery;

hell, 6th Infantry; Saunders, Arnell,
Kearney, Marshall, \Varing, Mudd, Mur-
doch, Goodwin, Clarke, Robim:on, BU'Hìall,
14th Infantry; Commander Birrl, Light
Dragoon!!; Surgeon Young', 14tn Infantry.
The loss of the enemy supposed to be abOllt
100 in killed and wounded.
EDWARD BAYSES,
Adj. -General.
Lastly is thia letter from Colunel Vin-
cent.
FORTY MILE CREEK, 25th June, 1813.
SlBa-I have tne honor of transmittin
to

your Excellency a report I received feom
Lient.-Cul. Bishopp. commanding the troops
in advance, of tbe success of a skirmish w)th
a 8trong detachment of cavalry anrl infantry
advancing with two field pieces,
To the vigilance of Lieut. -Col. Bishopp
I feel much indebted, and Leg lean to refer
your Excé!lIency to his report of
the conduct of the officers and
men under his command, which
is desen'ing every commendation I ca.nnot
Lut particularize that of Lieut. Fitzgibbon
'of the 49th rpgiment, commanding a small
reconnoitring party-co,operating with the
IndiAns, through whose address in entering
int.o the capitulation, \' oUt. Excellency will
percei ve by Lieut. -Col. Bishopp's report, that
the surrenJer of the American detachment
is to he attributed.
I b
g leave to recommend this officer to
Y oue Excellency's protection,
I have the honor to be, Sir,
Your obedient humble servant,
JOHN VU;cEST, Col
His Excellency Sir Geo .Prevost, etc., etc.
After the battle of Stoney Creek the
American army were seized with panic and
retreate,. in disorder II.nd confusÌ\m towards
Fort George. There 'fta.s neither discipline
nor subordination. Officers instead of l'ally.
in{ their men, seized upon horses wherever
they cO'.lld find them, and in many Ca.SES
omitted the
ma.H preliminary, generally
considered an ess
ntU\l, to pay for the
forcibly requisitioned animals. The m';Jn
were left to look after thems"l vetl,
They lD many cases threw away their
arms and accoutrement8. and in detllcht'd.
straggling pilrtics made their way towards
their headquarters, being indebted in many
calles t(J the very people whose houses they
had pill
ged but a few days prc"lously for
the means of Bustenallce,
Un "uly 3rà Sir George Pre,-ost, having
in his possession the despatches that have
already appeareà, sent the following official
account to E3.rl l
atht1rst:-
HEADQUARTERS,
King.ton, Upper Canada, 3rd July, 1813.

1
LORD,-I have the honor to tranallJit
to your Lord.ship copies of letters from Col.
Vincent and Lieutenant,CoJ. Bishopp anll
of the papers accompanying them,containing
the highly gratifying intelligence of the
capture on the 24th ulto of a body of thE"
enemy's forces, consistiD
of two field
officers. twentv-one other officers
of different rlÚ1k8, twenty-seven Don-
commissioned officers and four hundred and
sixty-two prh'ates, together with a stand of
colors and two field pieces.
The details of this gallant affair, which
refieds so much credit 011 our Indian alliea.

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

1083

as well u.s upon Lieut. Fitzgibbon, to commence the attaek the following night,
for
he promptitude and decision the succesa of which seemed highly probable,
\yith which he availed himself but it evidently appeariDR by the movements
of the inlpression their attack had made of the enemy that they had taken the I\larm,
upon the eDemy, will, I have no doubt, be the expediti()n was reluctantly ab6.ndont:.!1,
read by Y061r Lordship \\ ith great satisfac- and tbe hoats returned in safety with
he
tion. aDd afford a decided proof of the want party to Kingston yesterda.y morning, the
of perseverance in the American army. whole of Commodore Chauncey's squadt'vn
Since the surprille of the enemy's camp at haying got under way to attempt intercept-
Stoney Creek on the 6th ulto and their ing them.
subsequent retreat from the Forty Mile I have just had the satisfaction of learninl
Creek, in which almost the whole of their that the 13sh Re
lment arrived at Quebec
camp equipagt', toge[her with a quantity of from Halifax the 28th ult.
.tores and provisions, feU into our bands, I have the honor to be, my Lord, your
.Major-General Dearborn has withdrawn the Lordship's most obedient, humble servant,
troops from Fort Erie, and has concentrated GEORGE PREVOST.
hill forces at Fort George. Col. Vincent
rhe Honorable Earl Bathurst,
hu, in consequence, made a forward mOTe- About the end of July, the American fleet
ment from the head of the lake in order to baving been greatly sj;r
ngthened on Lakt'
supportthe light infantry and Indian warriors Ontario, Commodore Chauncey with a large
who are employed in circumscribing thE' body of artillery and also a. considerable
enemy, so as to compel them to make use of number Q.f infantry, all under Colonel Scott's
'-heir own resources fOl the mp,intenance of cornman!!, sailed for the head of the la.ke
their army. with the intention of capturing the stores
Major-General de Rot.tenburg h'I8 assumed there collected at BurlingtQn nel!!hts, and
the command of the Centre Diviaion at the only defended by a small body of tl'OOPS
Army of Upper Canada. After the squadron under
lajor Maule.
under Commodore
ir James Yeo had This design reached the ears of the
shewn iLseIf off the 40 mile creek, which Adjutant-Ger,eral, who at once ordered
principally determined the enemy to retreat Lieut..-Col. Battersby, comma.nding the
from that position, it was very successfully (
lellgarry Fencibles. who was then at York,
employed in interrupting and cu
ting off to proceed with his men to Burlington
their supplies going irom the Genesec river, Heights to relieve the garrison. By a forct."lÌ
and tbeit" other settlements upon the march Battersby succeeded in reaching the
Southern shore of the lake. Five camp in timt', and the Americans findir.g
IIman vessels with provisions, c10thinsr the British ready to recei ve them, and
aDd other articles were taken and several possibly deeming lliscretion the better part;
loaded boats were captured and some of valor, did not alhck them.
d8stroye:1. During the cruise Sir James had But Commudore Cr.aullcev found other
an opportunity of ascertainin
that at Oa1Vego work to do. Knowing that.Y ork wa.s un-
the enemy were constrncting a large floating àefended owiD
to Lhe absence of Cui. Bat-
batteryaccordmg to Mons. D'Arcon's pian tersby at Burlington, he made sail for the
of admittini the cIrculation of wlLter through- former place, where he arrived on J uiy
out, for the purpose of a.iding in an 31st, landt!d without encountering any uppo-
attack upon this place and for the destruc. lIition, and at once burnt the barracks amI
tion oÏ our dockyard. Against any attempt public store,rooms, took possession of what
of this nature all proper precautiolJs are fur stores were in the place, and at once reo
takinx. embarked and sailed for Niagara.
The force ., Sackett's Harbor, from which 'J he army which held the Michigan terri-
place the attack is 'hreatened, amounts to tory was under command of General Proctor,
about 4,000 lLen. and was dependellt for its f'upplies on free
Commodore Chauncey, with his squadron, water communication on Lake Erie. This,
is atl11 in port there. A bold and I though, by tbe total defeat of the British
weU conceived pla.n of surprising a part at naval force on th.t.t la.ke in the early part of
it, was lately defeated by tne deaertion to September was now no louger possible,
the enemy of two men of the Newfoundland and General Proc!;or determined to retre'\t
regiment, alon
the River Thames to the head of La.ke
Sir James Yeo, with about 450 sailors and Ontario. On September 26th, Fort Sand-
nearly 250 of ,he Royals and 100th Rtlgi- wich and Detroi1i were evacuated, the public
men
had been en.blcd to get within ten stores at ,hese places having first been de.
miMs of the enemy unperceived, stroyed, He was pursued by General Har-
and t() lay concealed in the rison and a large body of Americans, who
wooùs for twenty-four hours intendiu
liucceeded ill comÏ:1g up \vith him on October

TO RONTO.
K s OF
LAND:MAR

8

þ
z
2
....

-:n

:.:
ü
o

IX:

LANDMARKS OF TORO
TO.

1083

4th, and in capturing his rear guard and the very soon ßfterwards died from the
whole of their s\ores anù ammunition effects. This was a great loss to the British
Gen
ral }Jroctor thereupon determined as Colonel Bishopp was a most popular
to make a fltand and enQ:age his officer.
foe. He drew up his forct::s at a small In- Several field pieces, two hundred muskets
dian yillagc known as Moravian Town and a and a great quantity of stores were captured
battle took place which resulted lU the com- on this occasion.
pletc defeat of the British with a loss of Lieutenant-ColoneÏ Bishopp was bnried at
twelve killed and twenty-two wounded. Niacara Falls ilnd a handsome tomb marks
Thirty-three Indians were also among the the '
pot where he sleeps. He was the only
slain, among them the
allant warnor don of Sir Cecil Bishopp, baronet, and was
Tecumseh who was" not less celebrated for I born in 1783, being only a Ii. tie more than
his humanity, a virtue little known among I thirty years of age at the time oí his dea.th.
Indians in a state of war, than by his In the English viliage of }Jarham, in its
bravery, his eloquence, and bis influence lovely pa.rish church, is a talJlet to bi

among our Indian allies." memory whicb, after recounting who and
The following is a complete return of the what he was, bas this epitaph :-
kIlled, wounded and missing in the engage- "His pillow, not of sturdy oak;
ment of October 5th, 1813. I His shmud, a soldiers simple cloak;
Killed 12, wounded 22, missing and pri- I His dirge will sound till time's no more;
SOl
ers. field ofiÀ:ers 1, captains ti, lieuten- I Niagara's loud and solemn roar,-
ants 15, en!'1lgns 3, assistant surgeons 3, There Cecil lies-say, where the g=-aye,
sergeants 23, drummers 13, rank and file 790, More worthy of a Briton uranJ."
:BesIdes these there were five staff officers There were three other batitles fought on
taken prisoners. Canadian Ground which especially merit
It is almost unneceS5ar-y to add that this I description those ofChateo.t1guay, Chl'ysler's
great reverse caused much recrimiuation Farm anù Lundy's Lane.
an ì Gen, 'Proctor was m05t senJrely censur. 1 he first of these may be safely taken as
ed a.nd not undeservedly so. the turnin
point of the war in favor of t.he
But <It:spite these reverses the Britisb still .British. The whole of western Canada with
retained their po
session of Michillimacki- the exception of .Macki!lac was now In the
nac and
hough General Harrison intended banùs of the Americans. They had re-
to att.ac\;: it, he did not carry his intention captured
Hchigan and the battle of
10r-
into effect. For one reason the season was tou avian Town had given them complete
far adyanced and ior another, Harrison pro- ascendancy, so the American Government
uably entt'rtained the belief that the
arri' now thought that theIr time had
son would, from want of pro,'isions or their come to conquer Lower Canada also
inabIlity to procnre other necessary JlUP- and thus obtain the object of their ambition
plies, fali otIitself. whic!l was the complete conquest of Canada.
It is now necessary to
o back for a .. L'homme propose mais Dieu dispose, " It
brief period in the campaign and follow the was not to be.
ca.reer ot Lieutenant {olonel llishopp. Un On Scptember 20th General Hampton
July II this officer, with the approbation of began his march and after having taken by
ihe General in command, put into ext!cution surprise and overcome 0. Canadian outpost
an enterprise that he had previously sug- stationed at Odelltown proceeded on the

ested. This was to make an attack from road towards L'Acadie. A swamp which
Kiagam on the _-\merican Íorces at extenJed for nearly fifteen miles bad to be
Black Rock. His pa.rty numbered about I traversed before the open country was
two hundreù and fifty men, and was made I reached. Thc Canadian officer in command
UD of men trom the Hth, 41st and 49th of the militia staUoned at l
ateauguay had
regiments and a few of the Canadian Illilitia' i done all he could to male this road
Crossing the river they succeedeJ in sur impassable, trees had been cut down
prhmg the enemy at l;lack Rock, aud not and thrown across it while every bere
only burnt the blook-house but the ba.rracks, I and there it was it was intersected wi'h
..tores, the dock yard, and a ves
el that was ditches. Hampton was now making .
in course of construction. But on returning direct mardl towards the head of the Cha-
to their boats the Americans having bee:! teauguay rivt!r, and Colonel De Salaberry
leinforced opened a heavy fire upon them learning the roa.1 he intcnded to take in his
which compelled thcm to emuo.lk somewhat aù'"ance, strongly entrenched himself on the
precipitately, so that confusion obtained In left of the ri'"er at a point abont six miles
their ranks. 1\0 less than thirteen were I from the cCJnfluence of the former with the
killt'd a
d several
ounded, .o.mon't the English river. On September 22nd, the Am-
latter LlCutenant - Colonel JJlshoDD, who ericans. under General Izard. forced one of

1086

LAND\IARKS OF TORONTO.

the Canadian outposts at the place ,,'here the comparatively defencelells IIlate ot th.
the Ü\"ers Outaite and Chateaugua.y met and place, cave Buck t"o hours in whi
h t(
on the same day the main body 01 the Am- i make np his mind to snrrender, and tlll
erican troops arrived. It was General latter,seeing the u,elessness of attempting t(
Hampton's plan to attack De
alaberry's hold the position. surrendered.
position both in front and rear. bnt that Following this success up, the Americam
portion of his forces who Viere to hlwe at- pushed on lor Chippewa and there onCE
tacked in the rear lost their "ay and the. more enga
ed tÌ1t> british, compellin2 the
plan fell through. I latter again to retreat. The loss on both
On September 26th, Hampton arrived in sides was tremendous, that of the .Americans
front, anù the action commenced, So us to " being about 350 killed, wounded or missing,
deceÏ\'e the Americans, says a writer, who and that of th
British reaching 505. The
gives ZI. most graphic account of this affair. I troops engaged were the 1st Royals, 8th and
.. the greatest possible noise was made, pur- IIOOtb Rt>giments and 19th Light Dragoons,
posely, by buglers stationed here and there I together with a contiocent of ,he Canadian
in the wings, the centre and the rear of the Lincoln militia.
Canadian forces. As some of the skirmishers I On July 25th was fou'tht the battle oj
retreated. the enemy moved forward. Again I Lundy's Lar.e which both sides claim a.s 8
the Canadian buglers sounded the advance. I victory. American writers Bpeak of it as the
· · "-as if 20,000 men were being mar- battle of Niagara Falls, and. bre very proud
shalled for the fight," r\gain and again the as indeed they may well be of the bravery
Americans bravely aàvanceå and were as I displayed by their soldiers on that field of
often repulsed, till at last entirely losin
I carnage. But by the following letter, dated
heart, they retreated from the field. Five Buffalo, September 6th, 1814, addressed by
re
iments of Cana.dian militia took part in General J
rown, U.::) A., to Commodore
this engag
ment, and so highly were their Chauncy, it certainly does not looi;: as if
services appreciated that each of them was the furmer officer thought he had gained any
presented with a stand of colors. Honors great success. The letter is as follows :-
were showered upon De Salaberry, and the "The Government led one to believe that
fame of his exploit wa.s on everyone's lips. the fleet under your command would be
Later he retired trom military service and Upon Lake Ontario to co-operate with my
was calleè to the LegiHlati\-e Conncil in division of the army the first week of July.
1818. He died at Cham ly, February 26th, I have deemed it right to let the nation
1829. know that the support I had a right to ex-
On No\'ember 11th, 1813, was fought the pect was not afforded me. From the 9th
battle of Chrysler's farm, the B:itish forces July to t;he 24th the whole country was in
engaged being the flank companies of the (Jur power, Ïrom Fort George to Bl1rlin
ton
49th Regiment, a detachment of a Canadian Heurhts. and could the army have Lt>en sup.
regiment and V olti
eurs, three companies plied \\ ith provisions from the depots proviòed
of the
9th, with one gun and some lndians, on the z>horE;S of Lake Ontario, we should
in all about 800 men. These were attacked not have doubted our ahility to carry the
by an American force of nearly 4,000, who heights, when we conld ha"e returned upon
embraced among their numbers a btrong Fort George and Niagara, or advanced UpOll
body of cav
lry. But the superior èiscipline Kinuston wi.h the co-operation of the fip.et.
of the British troops proved too much for 1 have endeavoured to execute the orders
for the Americans, even aided as they"ere giveu me. Success has not attended my ell-
by their overwhelming numbers. After deavours."
t
ible loss they gave up the contest and The official report of the losses on both
retreated. In this action the Americans are sides was as follows :-
computed to ha\-e lost over 600 men either British forces, killed 84. wounrled 559,
killed, wonndeù or prisoners. I missing 193, prisoner
42; total 878.
The British loss was as follows:- i American for<
es, killed 171, wounded 570,
Killed, officers 1, men 21; wounded, missing 117; total 858.
officers 10, men 137; missing, men 12; I This was the last great engagt.>ment of the
total, officers 11, men 170. I war fought on Canadian territory. \Yith those
On ,luly 3rò, 1814. the Americans ad- which took place elsewht.re we have in
"anced 011 Fort Erie which was only garri-' these I!ketches no concem and aU naval
Boned b." about 175 men belonging to the 6"ents on the lakes are fully described in
8th and 100th regimó:nts, cCllunanded by . earlier chapt,ers.
tllajor Buck. The American general, seein" I

LAI\D
lARK8 OF TORONTO.

1087

enacted that when the sum of
2.3 ($100)
was in the hands of the trea!)nrer, that
Government wouid grant the sum of
200
A Slrllilll: Contrast-Tbe First Agricultural 01' S8UU. The. local cuntribution was halved
Societies - Parliamentary A.ld - Some and the Parliamentary subsidy doubled.
..\.Ulu...l.n
Reeolleetloas. But yet more favorable conditions came into
Toronto people are it;.,

(1894) both force by another act passed in 1845, which

>\1terta.ir.ing and being ent.ertained, the occa- incraa.sed the subsidy
sian being the annnal Industrial Exhibition úIVFN BY GOVER
:\IENT
held in the palatial buildings erected for that to
250, at the sa.me time nlakinCT certcloin
purpose on the Garrison common at the regulations respecting the manag
meut of
west end of th.. city. 'I he Exhibition is the societies, among these w,"s one that
without doubt a. grea.t one, and deserving of they should tra.nsuit to Pa.rliament each year
all the praise so freely bestowed UPOT). it; by a !!ta'ement .'of the expenses of the society
visitors, aud especially by Sir John Thomp- and the persons to whom it may have grant-
son, Mr.
lackeI1zie Bowell and Senator ed premiums, and the objects for which sucb
.Fergu-on in their speeches at the directors' premiums were obtained."
luncheon 011 the occasion of the f,}rma.l open- The Provincial AQ'ricultural Association
ing by the Premier of the Dominion on Tues- and Hoard of Agriculture ÏClr Upper Canada.
day l&.st. was formed in 1846, having Ïor it'J first

ome of the speakers at this same luncheon officers the following gentlemen :-
drew a contras
between the Exhibition as President, Eiward William Thomson.
it is now and a.s it was when it was first in - Vice- Presidents, John Wetenhall, of
ö.ngurated nearly ha.lf a century since. Hamilton, and Henry Ruttan, of Cobourg.
"1 he present exhibition spran't out of the Secretary and treasurer, \\T. G. Edmund-
old Provincial Agricultural Exhibition which son.
held it,;; first show as far back ...... 1846. It is These :5entIemen were all well-known re-
of this old institution, of the mon who I presentative men. Colonel Thomson resided
managed it,and of incidents connected there- about tiye mile3 from l'oronto where he had
with that we propose to give an account. a farm of about one huudred acres and he
It ii strange, but no less stra.nge than' &lso farmed about four hundred acres in an-
true, that until the year 183
, though man,. otber portion of Toronto township_ Mr.
agricultur:J. 80cieties existed throughout the John \V etenhall was also closely connected
province of Upper Canada no recognition of WITH AGRICULTURAL PURSUITS,
them had been taken by Parliament. But and was a highly respected inhabitant of the
in tha.t yea.r it entered into the minds oi onr .. a.mbitious little city." Some of his grand-
legislators that this was chiefly an agri- sons now fill impt)rtant positions in Toronto.
cultura.l coun\..ry, dependent for the most Mr. Ruttan was the well-kno\Hl sheriff of
part on the products of the land and the Cobourg. He possessell a variety of experi-
forest to provide a living for its thus rapidly ence, as indeed did all of his collea
uea. In
increasing population. early life he was enga'!ed in bU3ineils in
In tae Parliamentary øesl'ion of 1830 a Kingston. He aherwards removed to
measure which succe>>sful1y passed through Cobourg. \\ here he held considerable pro-
both the Upper and Lower houses was en- perty, and while there was elected to l'epre-
acted, entttied "An act to encoura.ge the sent the constituency of Northumberland
establishment of Agricultural societies, in first in 1820, and ag"in in 18:>6, and was for
the several districts of the proyinc:e." some time S(Jeaker of the House. He was
TIllS USEFUL MEASCRE also somewhat of a scieotist, being the
contained the following provision, nameh, pat.entee of a system of waIming and venti-
.. That when any sociÑY was e3tabJished for lating houses, which W&s, 80S a. matter of
the parpose of importing valuable live stock, course, in his opinion, "superior to all othen
grain, grass seeds or useful implements, and I then in yogue." \Ve do not know tha.t thi,
had .E50 ($200) subscribed
nd paid into thtï: opinion was shared by the public generally,
hands of the treasurer of saId society, it but whether it; was or not the system has
should then le la.wful for the (.overnor to long since gone out of fasbion. The secre-
issue his warra.nt to the Receiver-General ta.ry and treasmer, Mr. \V. G, E:lmundson,
for the sum of ;tlOO ($400) annually to such wa::l II. capab1e man ot busilJe
s, and well
society, so lon'! a.s i\ should continue to raise fitted for the position he filled.
such sum of

;o." On October 21st and 22nd in the year 1846
In 1835 thIS act was amended, and in 1837 THE FIRST EXHIBITION
II.noth"r to take its place (the former havin.
was held in Toronto on the
rounds attached
expired) was passed, which was much more to the old Governmcnt house, several of the
favorable \0 the a.Rricultural societies, as it exhibits being located in the House itself.

CHAPTER CCLXXIX.
TORONTO'S EARLIER FAIRS.

1088

LAND)lARKS OF TORONTO.

On the evening of the first clay a dinner at; and 24th, on the fields which then existed
which more than two hundred D
rS()nS were north of Simcoe street, at that time known
present was held in Government house, above Queen as \Yil1iam street. It is difli-
o.mong the speakers being the late Chief cult to realize t11ll.t such should have beel!
,Jnstice Sir John Bevel'iey Rúbinson, Dr. I the case as every yard of the ground is now
Ryerson, and several others. On the follow- I thickly covered with housE's. 'I he PrE'sby-
ing day the Honorable Ada.m Fergusson, who teria.n church near
imcoe street stands
was 1\ well-known authority on agriculture, almost on the spot where was the
delivered &u address on that subject, which principal entrance to the fair ground.
contained the followlllg passage referring to There were a very larsre number of
the views held by many people in Great AMUSIXO SIDE SHOWS
Britain respecting l"anada. He sa.id :- jU!lt outside the gates. One of these was the
.. Canada, though thousands in Britain exhibition of an aged gentleman of color,
wrapped up in wilful darkness, shiver at its said to have reached the decidedly mature
name, ignora.nt alike of its real capabilities age of one hundred and se\-en years, and to
.nd value, h nevertheless blessed by a have" spoken many times to George W ash-
bounteous Providence, with every advantage ingt;on." It would be quite easy for that to
which can minister to the comfort and aup- have taken place, even if the man who was
port of man. Of all the pursuits which exhibited had been much younger th&n the
engage the physical energies or which rouse &ge claimed for him. But croyrds poured in
the intellectual resources of our race, and out of the tl3nt all day lon
, cheerfulìy
there is none \\ hich can at all paying their York shilling. They were
BEAR ANY COMPARISON sa.tisfied, and as a matter of coulse the pro-
with the occupation of the husbandman," motel'S of thQ aide show were also.
After dwelling on the blessings of peace, )1 r. At these provincial exhibitions almost
Fergusson thus cencluded : every conceivabie article useà in Canada
CI 1 feel far more intensely than I C90n was exhibited, some of the exhibits bein
of
possibly express that our very existence as a a somewhat grotesque character. There
:lseful institution must a.ltogether depend were horses and cat
le, sheep and pi2"8,
:m a firm and scrupulous exclusion of all I poultry of aU kinds and produce of every
topics of a party or political nature from the àescription. There were
iant pumpkins
Board. I thank God we hn.ve a
r..a.t and I and mammoth squashes, and a very good
magnificent arena upon which every DIllon trada was done in selling the seeds
in Canada ma.y contend ill honorable and of both these varieties of the vege-
patriotic competition, untainted by party I ta'Jle kingdom. There were works
jealousies or strife, and most devotedly I of art in wool and ill crayoils
3hould we all pray that party feeline or FEARFULLY AND WONDERFULLY
party intrigue may never be known amongst executed in m&ny cases. A favorite subject
us." ' in wool work was that of Abraham offering
The next year the Exhibition was held in up Isaac. It wa.s once rE'marked in reference
Hamilton on October 6th and. 7th, the prizes to one of the!!e artistic (?) productions,
offered amounting to æ750,or $3,000. Gover- "tha.t it was ugly enough to bring Abranam
nor-General theEarl of Elgin, was present back again to protest a.
ains' being represent-
at the annual dinner and made a. speech,
d in such a light," That happened now
which everyone present was delighted with, nearly forty years ago and much has been
In 184S Cobourg was the place selected, learned since then while there is this to be
and the number of days for the show to be
aid even for those hideously ugly pieces of
open was extended from two to four days. fancy work, that they were done by young
THE PRIZE LIST women who had lit.le leisure and who had
was not much larger tha.n ill the prÐcedin
to deny themselves much needed recrea.tion
,ear, nevertheless the whole a.nair passed off to do them at all.
most successfully. Ea.rly in the year 1855 an exhibition took
Tne .. Limestone City" was the next place in the old Parliament buildings on
locaiity fixed upon for the annual show, Front street of a creat number of ma.nufac-
which took place on September 18th. 19th, tured a.rticles,!lome of which it was intended
20th and 21st, 1849. The fifth a.nd sixth to exhibit; at the grea' exhibition of aU
exhibitions were held in Niag&ra and Brock- nations which was to be held that year in
ville, respectively, the amount offered in Paris. The late Mr. George Buckland,
prizes being about the same in both cases, better known in J&ter years as Professor
namely $5,000. Buckland, took a very promi.nent par
in
In 1852 t;he exhibition wa.. agR.in held in organizing this particular Bhow. Admis9ion
Toront;o and was a. trem
ndous success. It to the building was wholly !:{ra.tuitous,
took place on Sep
.mber 2lr.t, 22nd, 23rd 80 no doubt, partly in consequence of this

LAND:\lARKS OF TORONTO

1089

fnct, t.he number of visitorg wa.s very great,
The Provincillol Exhibition continned to
move each year from place to place, being
held in Kingston, Hamilton, London and
Brantford before it again visited Toronto,
It was decided at the close of the show
!leld in 1857
hat in the following year the
exhibition sbonld take place in Toronto, the
ground chosen being that; portion of the
Ga.rrison commons lying immediat;ely south
of the Provin
ial lunatic asylum, between
that building and the lake.
The question of suitable buildine-s though
was a very argent one and greatly exercised
the minds of the ASlocmtion. At la.st 3.fter
8ndless discussion among the members of the
board aJWl their professional ad Vlsers, it was
decided to erect a. building partly of glass
and iron, premiums of $120 and $100 being
Dffered for the most suitable plans. There
were no less tha.n
THIRTEE
COMPETITORS,
at any r80te that was the number of plans
sent in,but stmngelyenough the two selected
by t;he committee as being the best, proveà
to have been sent in by.he same firm,
Messrs. Fleming & Schreiber, well known
civil engineers of Toronto.
The committee appro\"ed of the details of
certain portions or f'ach design; the engineers
were requested to prepare a ph\n embr80cing
the advantages of uoth, &ond on May 22nd
tenders were received for the erection of tho
buildin
. The tender of Messrs. Smith,
Burke & Co., proposing to construct the
building for the flum of i:4,8ïO lOs" or
$19,48260, was 8occepted, 8ond,the time being
timited, the work was immediately com.
menced,
Tow8ords the expense incurred in connec-
tion with the erection of permanent build-
ings the City Council voted the sum of
$20,000, while the County Councils of York
and Peel united and voted
4.000. These,
con-idering the times, were truly handsome
contributions,
MUCH TOO HAND!'>OMB
thought; many of the taxpayers, both in the
cities and counties, nevertheless the money
was paid O\-er without any serious protest,
The corner stone of the building, known
for so ma.ny yearil atterwards as the Crystal
Pala.ce, was la.id on July 15th, 1858, in the
presence of the Hoa.rd of Agriculture, the
City Council and a great number of specta-
tors, by the Hon. Philip M, Vankoughnet,
the then
Jinister of A({riculture for Upper
Canada,
A deed engrossed 80S follows was deposited
in a large ca.vity within the stone :-
On the 15th day ot July, A.I), 1858, in
t.he 22nd year of the rei({n of Victoria, by
tho> trr:J(,p of God. Queen Defender of the

Faith, His Excellency Sir Edmund Walker
Head, Ba.rt, C. B.. one of Her 1\Iajesty's
most honorable Privy Council, being Gover-
nor-General of the province, this the founda-
twn ston
of a Crystal Palace, wherein under
the direction of the Provincia.l Agricultural
Association, the resources of Upper Canada
sha.lI be fostered bv the annual exhibitions
of the evidences of its progress in agricul-
ture and
THE I
DUSTRIAL ARTS
was laid by the Honorable Philip M. V8on-
koughnet, President of the Executive Cûun-
cil and :Minister of Agriculture, assisted by
Edwaril \Villiam Thomson, Esq., President
oi the Board of Agriculture of Upper Can-
8oJa, William B. Jarvis, E8q, President of
the Boar.1 of Arts and
lanufactures, and
William Henry Boulton, E!!Iq., Mayor of the
City of Toronto."
Then followed a list of the names of the
offiaers of the Provincial Agricultural Asso-
cIation, of the Board of Agriculture, the To-
ronto Lucal Committee, and of the architects
and builders,
Of those who formed the Loca.l Committee
only Mr. D. B. ßead and Mr. J. K Pell,
the evergreen secretary ..nd collector of the
St. George's Society, now remain among us_
Besides this document a small number of
newspapers 'l.ere also enc106ed in a tin case
and deposited within the cavity. Amongst
those !!IO placed were copie8 of the Globe,
Co!onist, Leader and Atlas. An English
half sovereign, florin, shilling, and some
copper coins were al80 enclosed.
THE ROYAL CANADIAN RIFLES
furnished the b80nd for the mU!!lical portion
of the day's proceedings, which passt'd off
most satisfactorily,
The Palace was cruciform in shape, and
from the insid
presented a. very handsome
appearance. But outside the effect was
greatly marred by the flatness, or apparent
flatness, of the buildinlt. It looked as ii
some heavy weight had been dropped on the
roof, crushing it down. The building from
east to west; was two hundred and fifty.six
feet long and ninety-six feet wide. Its ex-
treme height was only fifty-five feet, In
the centre of the buildin
. immediately
under the dome, W80Ii a. handsogile fountain,
the first of the kmd ever erectld ill Upper
Canada., which 80ttracted a very great dea.l
of attention and admiration from everyone
who saw it. There were four minor ieta of
water rising from the centr80l 4 b a.sin.
and on each of ,hese pode grotesque
figures of Chin.Be mandarin!! anà
the typica.l John Bull. From t.htt
central jet rOse a column of water
for some five or six fed upon which ever
revolvin
wa.s a
ilt hollow ball, some six

1090

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

inches in circumference. 'I his continued I The show commenced on Tuesday and ex.
open for nearly a fortni
ht, and was very tended until the following Friday. The ad.,
largely patronized. There were band con- mission on the last; two days was only
tests open to pwrformers from all parts of twelve and a half cents or a York shilling.
the province, besides many other ways of Th8se two were the "People's days" anå
finding both amusement; and instruction. on each morning the show was opened by-
Among those who were connected with to quote a newspaper re
ort of the time-
the old Provincial Exhibitions, still extant, "an imposing procession of several thousand
is Li8utenant-Colonel George T. Denison, people,' The horses which were on Ðxhibi-
Toronto's etticient Police Magistrate. tion to the number of eighty beaded the
George T. \Vhitney was also one among procession which was preceded by a band
ihe juniorø, and no one was more popu- which played before startmg and on the
lar. Poor George, he soon pa.ased away, march, selections ot classical and other
dying before he a.
tained his thirtieth year. music, mostly" other; " then followed apo-
He was a V.C. College boy, and was present plectic bulls ilnd slef>k kine,some of the latt8r
at Ridgeway in command of the Vniversity having their horns fa.ntalltically ornamenteò
company of the "Queen's Own." Then with gay ribbons. The rear of t;be proces.
there were many others, among them being si"n consisted of exhibitors and the general
Hill, " Tom" Kennedy a.nd Mara. Tbe laat public in conveyances oÎ evcry possible de.
llamed met his death while on his way to scription and not . few upon "Ii!hank!
Kingston in 1859, falling between the boat mare."
and the whi\1"Í, while the former was leaving Th8 cayalcade formed up on tbe old COUlJty
harbor. show grounds near tohe jail on Front 8tree&
Of the c.lder officials there are now very a.nd on the Thunday morning Dr. \-Vidmer,
few left. Not one has anJ<<lin
to do with who lived yery near tht'spot, came out of hi.
the Industrial. They are engaeed elsewhere, house and with the crit;lc801 eye of an old cav.
or do not now reside in the city, but those alryman inspected the horses before the:y
few who do remain have none but ph:asin't started off' on their round. 1'he procession
memories of the old ßxhibitions, and of the wound it. wa.y hy Front street to the City
ha.ppy days spent as the shows mo le.1 from Hall, thence alon
King to 8imcoe Itreet and
town to to\\ n in "the days of long ago." to the show grounds.
In this year of grace the number of l'rizea
offered bv' the directorll of the In-
dustrial Ëxhibition for horses exceeded two
hundred, first, lIecond and third, beside.
SEYERAL SILVER MEDALS.
In 1852 there were less than three score.
The President of the Association in that
year offered 8 prize of $120 for the beat agri-
cultural stallion in Canada. This was won
Ly ßl1-, Thomas Blanchard, of Toronto town-
ship. This gentleman was a great lover of
horscs and spared no pains or money so as
to procure the best. In carria.ge horses
there were three prizes awarded and three
only. 'rhese were secured by Mr. W. H.
Dickson, of Niagara, Mr. William Allan,
Moss Park, Toronto, and Mr. J. J. Ptctititao,
of Saltfleet. Though Mr. Dickson and Mr.
Allan have both paid the debt of nature
long since, their representstivel are still
among us.
"The three prizes for laddIe horsee," com.
placently remarked the Toronto Examiner,
in its report, "were all taken by Toronto
citizens. Messrs E. C. Jones, Grantham
and Lafonta.ine." Sons of Mr. E. C. Jones
are yet in Toronto and are al fond of a horse
ai he wu.
For II Blood" horses the first prize was
taken by John Huntingford, of Toromo
township, the second by George Cooper, ot
the same place, a.nd the thud by W, H.

OLD TIME EXHIBITORS.

The Flrll Show-Change. In Ihe Provlnce-
A.D Impo!lln: DemoRI&ratioD - Well-
known Prize Takera-Ob..lele Indnlilrles
In a preceding article on the above sub-
ject a sketch has be8n given of the earlier
shows, when they took place, the p1'Ìncipal
men who managed them and other inciàents
connected with their rile and pro
ress. It
is now proposed in thili' paper to give some
varticulars of the animate a.nd inanima.te ex-
iÜbits, of the prizes taken, and of tohe people
who were iheir recipients.
Of the show of 1846 it is not necessary to
lay a. very great deal. It W&8 nec8ssarily a
very small affa.ir, anà IL8 t;he means of trans-
port for cdttle and merchandise were in
those days exceedingly difficult, the live
stock aad natura.l products shown were
ùrawn almost entirelv from loca.l sources.
Hut when the second exhibition W&8 held
here in 1852 great. changes had taken place
in the province. Road. wwe heUer, there
had been a great development in the num-
ber of steamboats plying upon the lakes and
tho population of the country had Jl:reatly
increased alao, 110 thai those who exhibited
at; the show, instead of being a' most wholly
from Toronto or it. immediate vil}inity,were
taken from almost; every part; of the proyince

LAND
lARKS OF TORO
TO.

1091

Dickson, of Niagara. John Huntingford
\Vas both farmer and horse-breeder, and was
very proud of hill cattle. Geo. Cooper lived
at that time in a larp:e fram" house on the
sout.h-east side of Dundas street. about tïhe,
eighth of a. mile north of the second conces-
aion, now known as Bloor street \r est.
Part of his house remain. øta.nding now, and
is usej as a manufactory,chiidren's cü.rriages
bein
made there. He waø a. very ecc
ntric,
but a m
st upri
ht and honorable man a.lld
was a. well-
nown figure at all of the exhibi-
tions. He built about 1853 a. hI,rge brick
house for his own occupancy on tee Daven-
port hill overlooking the station of that
name on the then Northern, now Grand
Trunk Railway. }lr. Cooper was a remark,
able example of perseverance; he h'lù not;
the advantage of much education and be::.;a:l.
work at a very early age, yet he acquired a
handsome Îortune entirely by his own 8Xer-"
tions
Anothpr prize taker at t.hid exhihition was
.Tudge
lcLean, of Toronto, he taking first
prize for the best; thoroughbred two-year-old
filly. There are many who remember the
lea.rned judge, his earnest face, di
llified de-
portment and habitual courtesy
In this year's list there a.re prizes for
"Hunters," for "Hackneys," for" randems,"
and '''Four-in-H ands." Oar fathers and

randiatherg would have simply stood aghast
had a.ny proposition been maJe to them
that they should compete in such classes.
Some of them ha.d heard of all four very
possibly. A fe".. had seen the "Yandem
Club" drive out from the barracks durin!!
the winters of 1839-42, but they generally
lookej upon it as frivolou
, if not ridiculou
,
and fit only for officers of the army who had
no lJetter means of occupying their time.
Bm had they been ukE:d seriously to exhibit
. "Four-in.Hand"
INDIGNATION AND AMAZEMENT
would have filled them, that anyone could
think ,hem capable of indulging in such
foolish extravaga.nce.
The Limes have changed since then. Every-
one now is familiar with .. hunters" and
.. four-in-ha.nds " and no one ii considered to
be II putting on frills" becßuse he indulges
himself one way or the other.
In borned cattle the following were the
cluses :- Durham., Devons, Herefords,
Ayrshires, besides a separate class each for
.. Grades" &nd "Fa.t ca.ttle." The tot.al
number of prizes wa.s one hundred and t.wo
Th<>se off. rei this year reach nearly four
hundreJ. In Durha.m cat.tle Baron de
Lon
\1euil, of Kingston took first prize, while
Ralph Wade, a prominent agrieulturist, re-
sidinj;t in Cobour
and the Honorable A.
Fergusson were also exhibitors. In Devons.

John Gage, of Wellington Sqnare, took the
first pnze, while G. F. Rykert, of St.
Cath80rines, "nd John Mason, of Cobourll:,
were also winners of f>evel"al more.
In Ayrshlres sevenLeen prizes wer"
awarded, these falling principally to J. B.
Ewart, of Dundas, Baron de Longueuil, of
Kingston, R.nd Richard Lippincott Denia.n,
of Toronto, Ewart was one of the first; to
introduce this particular kind of cattle into
Canado., and for a long time R. L. Denison
was the only IIoll:riculturist in or near Toron-
to who had any stock on his farm of Lhat
breed. 1\1r. Denison's farm wa.. on Dundas
street, between Oisington avenue, Dover-
court road and College street on the north.
A SI:s'GULAR CIRCU"MSTANCE
occurrfld in the Hereford class, There wen
only five prizes offered, and everyone o'
these was secured by Baron de Longueuil.
Their total ,"alue was only $81. 1'his year
they exceed $400, aud in addition there are
two silver medah.
In sheep in the Leicesters the principal
prizes were taken by John aud Geoq:e
,Miller, of Markham, and by Nathaniel
Cooper. of Toronto. In the Merinos and
Saxons, with one single exception,
the w hole of the prizes were taken
by 1\athan Choate, of Hope, and John
Langstaffc, of Richmond Hill. In thlJ
Southdo.\ ns Edwa.rd JonCß,of Stamford,took
nearly all the prizes, though it must be con-
f.:ssed he was not ,-ery greatly enriched
thereby, as they only amounted in the aggre-
gate to II. trifle more thllon $130.
There were very few prizes offered for
pigs, and these were principally taken by
.\ir Thomas Musson, of gtobicoke, (who
that once knew genial" Tom' does not re
member him with affection?) Dempster
Smith, of Trafalgar, and John P. Wheeler,
of Scarborough.
The exhiLJits of poultry were comparative-
ly few: thirteen prizes were awarded, these
falling for the most part to George Miller,
Markham. J. G. Horne, R. A. Goodenough
I and the Hon. William Allan, of Toron to,
Ueore:e Miller was one of the most noted
agriculturist of his day. .Èverything he did
as a farmer he did well and few men were
more useful to the community, among which
they dwelt than he was.
Respecting the horticultural exhibits a.
newspa.per of the time gave the followin

very fla.ttering report under the heading of
., The Uarden, '
" Gratifymg as must have bet-n the exhi.
bition of live stock and the shaped commo-
dities of the field to e'"ery intelìi
ent lover
of his country, and proud, Po& were the feel-
ings which it wa.s calculated to inspire, it was
not without an increaain
sense of pleasure

1092

LAND.\IARh..S OF TORONTO.

that we viøited the Floral Hall. Here the
pleasing and tIle useful were most sweetly
blended. In a building of consi,ierable length,
with the ent;rance from the south end,
were arranged a splen.lid v 1"Ïety of the
chOlcest garden fruits, including apples of
nearly one hundred varieties, pears, plum,',
peaches, grapes, pumpkins. Grapes were
shown by Mrs. S.A. Boulton,of Toronto, and
the same lady ø.hlo carried the first prize for
winter pears. * * .. In thid building the atten-
tion of visiton was arrested by the gigantic
squashes exhibited by Mr. Gordon, of Y onge
street, some of which were so ponderous th"t
the strength of & man of ordinary muscular
ability would have been required to raise
them from the ground.
In agricultural pro luct;s the Canada Com-
pany's prize of $100 for the best 25 bUllhels
of wheat was won by J_ B. Carpenter, of
Townsend. Toronto fll.rmen did not make
a very good show in this class, toose who
took prizes being very few; amon(( them
were Alexander Shaw, P. Armstrong, R, L.
Denison and Lewis Rate.
Captain Shaw took prizes for hemp and
fhv
.,rl f()r !'u'"!l.r beets, for mammoth
WIuashes and for broom corn brush, His
li1UU \\ as situated just ea&t of Dun-
àas street, llfJar Trinity University, a.ud
wa.s known as Oak Hill.
h8w street
getE> its name from the captain's family.
The ground is now covel I'd witb. rf'sidences
and not a vestige of the old farm bui 1 ding&
remains, a.nd yet the old h"use possessed an
historic interest as it was for a. brief period
a royal residence whfJn the Duke of Kent
visited York nearly a century ago.
Lewis Bate, who took a pnze for Swede
turnips, wall not only a small farmer, but he
also kept the Queen's Head tavern on the
corner of Dundas and Queen streets, where
the Dominion Bank now stands. He WII.S a

ood-hearted man and a grell.t gossip.
:Nothing delighted him more t.han to Qa\'e
the unàergraduates from Trinity University,
then very recently opened, call at hia house,
when he would listen to theh narrations or
tell a varie'y of stories to entertain them
wit;h equal pleasure.
The implemenis shown were rough copies
of what is now to be found at; the West-end.
Some of those who have exhibits this year at
the Industrial were represented then, and
there wai nothing in the articles shown to
call for any padicular notice or comment.
In the "Cabinetwa.re and Carriagf's" c 1 as8
K C. Scarlett, of Etobicoke and- Toronto,
took prizes for sawed pine and best speci-
mens of oak. He also secured a prize for
the "best ox yoke and bows."
cArcely
any of the men who now farm Dear
Toronto know e\-en what an ox yoke is

Yet it is less than fifty years sin
e wood
and produce were brought into Toronto
market by the aid of a yoke of
oxen. SlI.muel Scarlett, a brother of Ed-
wards, ..l!!o took a prize for the best d
zen
of .. turned broom h IndIes," while Francis
Silverthorne and Peter Dache were award-
ed premiums for flour ba.rrels.
Ed ward and Samuel Scarlett were
brothers, sons of John Scarlett of Runni-
mede, on DundAs street to the extreme west
of Toronto Junction, t.he house being stand-
ing and in eoad preservat;ion, Edwarù re-
sided near Weston anJ Samuel on the banks
of the Humber at no great distance from
Lambton. The latter eventually settled
in the Nort;h-w8st where he died several
years ago. Edward lived to very nearly
four score a.nd died on the shores of the
Bay of Quinte in the latter days of 1893.
Silverthorne and Peter Dache were very
well known meD. The former belonged to the
famous family of U. E. Lovalists ; the latter
was a French-Canadian. He liyed at Lamb-
ton in a pretty house on tbe south-eastern
siele of Dundas street, overlooking the
Humber.
Among the exhibitors and prize taker$ in
.. Domestic Manufacturel! " are found a gruat
many well known names.
J. R. Armatron
& Co , and G. H.Cheney.
of Toronto, with Oliver T. Macklem, of
ClIippewa, took prizes for stoves, no one
else having even a "look in." Not to kno \\'
anyone of these firms in the "forties"' anà
"fifhðs" was to write yourself down Ull-
known. Though none of these tirms now
exist ma.ny of the descendants of the men
who composed them are still in the city.
In t;he ladies' d
panment the display of
wax figures, artificial flowera, crochet work
alid fancy knitting, was .1 in
orgeou8 pro-
fusion," as it was described by a writer in
the local press, who add.d, .. Our common-
place notions led us to admire the substa.ntial,
cosy, and daborately wrought quilts ex-
hibited by Mrs. Phænix, Miss Lhap;l1l1.n,

)rs. Thom.on and others, as much as
the elegant specimf'ns of embroidery,"
Mrs Phænix was from Trafale:ar; :Miss
Cha
an belonged to a well-known Scar-
boro family, and Mrs. 'fhomson was the wife
(If John Tbom50n, who li,"ed in a cotta
e on
tþe nOI.th side of Queen street, east of the
I>on. The road was then known as Kings-
ton road, and why it was ever altered is one
of th

things "that nobody can under-
stand.
Among the" Miscellaneous clll.8S ,. were
exhibits of the followin
all but for
otten
articles: - Melodeons, serap.hims,
rain
(""1\(111''1 nnrl grape preserves, wha.tever the
last may be,

LA1\D
lARKS OF TORONTO,

1093

'J here w
s also a ?rize for
lue awarded I alike of the advancement of the whole Pro-
to .\Jr. Carr. It will be news to many to vince as of Toronto, The prospt:rity of
if-arn that this glue factory was on the Canada; the unity oÍ Canada; the life of
e Istern side of Church slre t, ju, t north of Canada, depends on those inland waters,
Carlton, and that beyond \YaS what was those grea.t seas which pour dc.wn the
t.
known as Woods' bush. Church street ter- Lawrence connecting us with the ocean and,
mina.ted a.t this point, as do likewise these throu
h the ocean with Europe and the
reminiscences of .. Toronto's Earlier Fairs." mother countrv,"'
"l'he prospè'rity of Cunad80 depends on the
St. Lawrence. it is the life blooJ of the
country. The an important thing for the
future of Canada, for its 'Wealth and national
existence is its control of those gn:at masses
Sir Edmond liead--Dlsl1l1golsbed 'Tlsltorø of water."
-"('b("vallers d'.n.lustrle"-A. Round or THE GO\"ERNOR-GEXERAL
Aluu!lement--Exblblts aud Exblbltors. 80fter again complimenting t.he :President aud
In two former article!! on .. Toronto's committee of the Association on the Buccel:!.:!
Earlier Fairø .. a lengthy reference wa.s made of their enterpIÍse. declared the Exh bition
to th(" erection of the first permanent Exhi- opened A report in onf> of the Toronto
bition building which \Vas constructed in d80ily papers of tl:1e time says :-
Toronto and an account also given of its .. The Choral Socidy then performed the
size, its builders and architect, anå of the chorus 'The Heavens are Telling,' by
laying of the corner-stone thereof. Haydn, in a splt'ndid style. This produc.
This building, known as the Crystal tion of the master mmd of iõhe grea.t com-
Palace, was first used, 80S has been already pOller was well rendered, and at its conclu-
men\ioned, for the annual exhibition of the sion a clap of rejoicin
wa.!! raised from one
Provincial Agricultural AssociatIon in the end of the buildine to the other."
last, d80Ys of the month of September and the Besides the distinguished visitors who as.
first days of the following 1110nth in tbe year sisted at the inaugural ceremony, thne were
1858. also present a. gre80t number of the light
The op
ning ceremony was a most impos- fi
gered
entr,., otherwil:!e pickpockets, whQ
ing one for those days. being performed by I plied the
r trade with unwearied assiduity,
his Excellency Sir Edmund \Valker Head, Many serlOUS robberies were reported, in
the then OO\"ernor-General, accompanied by one case a. farmer being relieved of more
Lady and 11iss t-l ead and other members of I than $500. There ili scarcely anything,
his family. Arnone: those present were the I though, which has not a ludicrous side at-
Honorables John A. Macdonald, Philip taching to it, and so it was in the case ot
Vankoughnet. and Sidney Smith, Judge the losses caused by these pickpocketll. A
Hagarty, the Bishop of Toronto, Dr. John number of gentlemen WHe gathered to,
Strachan, Rev. John McCaul, D.lJ., Capt, gciher in the committee room of the Assoeia-
Retallack, A D. c., and many others, nota- tion, and the chairman referred to the neces-
bl,. Mr. J. E. Pell, chairma.n of the build- sity for caution in carrying th
ir money
ing committee. Upon the entrance of owing to the great number of robberies that
the Governor-General and party the band had taken place. One of his hearers who
of the Royal Canadian Rifles played the hild but just returned from a. lepgthy tour
National Ant,(em. On its conclusion in Europe assented to the truth of the
the Bishop of Toronto offered up pray. chairmån's remarks, addmg that if men
er and then an address was vresenteJ would carry their money in their trouser It
from the Agricultural Associãtion of pocket they would be quite sure Dot to
Upper Canada to the Governor - General lose it, Growing enthusia.stic in his reo
seltin
forth the object and aims of the marks. he said: .. I have travelled all
society, the pUrpo-e for which t.he Crystal ov&r England and I always kept my purse
Palace had been erected and asking his Ex- here. " As he uttered these 'Words he put hii
ceUency to declare the building open. hand into his pocket to find -not his purse,
Sir Edmund Head in a lengthy speech ac- but that he, too. had ,been the victim of
kno\\ ledged the address, dwellin6!: on the some ODe of the .. chevaliers d' indulltrie."
importance of such exhibitIOns anå com- Despite the sympathy felt for him in his loss,
mending the pu lJlÏc spirit of those concerned it was impossible not to be amused by the
in their mana.gement, He then proceeded:- very practical refutation given by fa.ct to
"Twenty years ago no person would have his theary.
thought that at this day, we would have seeD The numbers present on the first two day.
Ðuch a building at the heaå of Lake Or.tario, of the Exhibition were greater than a.t any
!loud ita erection on this spot is indicative previous show held in TO:'oll to or else" here 1

CHAPTER CCLXXX.
THE OLD CRYSTAL PALACE.

1094

LANlnJARK8 OF TORONTO,

A. writer, .peaking oi the attendance, said: joyed the work, and
he funds of the church
" The exact number prelient it is difficult to were bt'llefitt.ed, be.:lides, it was exhibition
aompute, but some idtja may be formed from time, and everyone was in a good humor, RO
the statement of the fact that upwards of all were sati.:dìed.
6n thousand one dollar badges had been Tht'n there were races during the week on
disposed of up to noon of \Vetlnesday. ðix Gates' Newmarket course, where the spor'-
hundred and twenty-five were sold lester- ing portion of the yisitors were able to put
day (l'huri!day), and up,\II,rds of nine thou- in a
ood time and bac1t the favori'e or an
land were admitted OD tee payment of a outsider, accordiug to their own sweet will.
,uarter of a dollar." Not a few took advaDLage of the opportuni
Visitord were present from every part of ties afforded them,
Lhe province, from Quebec, .Montreal Be!lides th.se attractionl there were yacht
and even from Halifax, l'he Grand Trunk races on the bay. Among the competitors
railway carried passengerl at single fares appear such well-known namel as E. M,
for the return journey and the steam- Hodder, Overton Gildersle
ve and Sam
boat owners did the same. Writing after Sherwood. The first of th.le, VI'. Hodder,
THE CLOSE OF THE EXIIIBITION who redded on the south side of Queen
.. Toronto paper wrote thus on the large I street west, nearly opposite CoIle
e avenue.
'Dumber of tbose present: was for many years Commodore of the Royal
liThe lar

concourse of people present at Canadian Yacht Club. .An excellent portrais
\he inauguration of \V ednesday, consider- of the accomplished surgeon and
,bIe as it was, was exceeded on 1 hursday, COOL, CAUTIOUS. YACHTSMAN

()t less tban twenty thousand bein
present. adorns the reception room of the R. C. Y.
As on .he preceding day, only one opinion Cluh's spacioui home on the Island. Over-
prevaÏJed in reference to the Exhibition, ton Gildersleeve was an old U. C. College
which was that of complete sati!clfaction boy and and a brother of Charles Gilder-
both with the dilplay itself "nd with the sleeve who is also, like all his family, a born
excellent manner in which all 'he araange- !lailor, Theyare both Rons of .he well
men's bad been carried out. known Gildersleeve who bnilt the Charlotte,
"Not only WAS tbe Crystal Palace itself that dear old craf
which sevent,y yeaI'I ago
3rammed to overfiowin
, but the Itntire city plied from Kingston to the Bay of QuiDte
itself presented a Icene of animaiion which' ports,
in all probability ha.s never before been \Vhat with bazaars, horse races, yacht
.qualled. King :street esp.cially wore from races, the conclusion migb
saf.ly be ar-
the numbltr of pedestrians who paraded it rived at that with these. in additien to the
loll day, an a.ppearance which reminded one attractions offered by tht:. Exhibition. the in-
nrongly of Cheapside or Rrúlt.rlwl1.Y at the habitants of Toronto had amusements suffi-
busiest hour of the day. How aU our visi
- cient. But the conclusion would be errone-
Irs procured acoommod'ilotion is a mystery to ous, there 1\1íI.S much more to interesc th.m,
ioU but the initiated, but certain it is that The Toronto firEmen held high carnival and
DO ereat. alDQunt of inconveniencfl ha.. been gave a great demonstratiOn. In addition to
IXperienced by 'he welcomts strangers. But their own strength they invited the atten-
Ioronto bas already 10 much of the attri- dance of the fire brigades from London,
butes of a real met.ropolis abou. it, that it Hamilton and Cobour
and marched in pro-
can "nl{ulf a large amount of extra popula. cession throughout tbe city on Friday in the
tlOn witbout overtaxin,g its powers of accom. firMt week of the Fair.
modation. This fact will no doubt lene it The order of march was as follows :-
iD good s,ead when the question of fixing Band of Toronto fire brigade.
Ilpon a permanent site for the annual bold- Mr. James Ashfield, Chief En({ineer, and
ing of the ProYÌncial Exhibition comel to deputies
be considered, IJ The Hook and Ladd
r COJIDpany.
.But in addition '0 the Exhibition Toron- No, 1 "Phænix" Compa.ny, Toronto Fire
to offered hosta of a"rac
ionl to i,s Briga Ie.
many yisitors, At 'he Romaine build- The London Fin' Brigade.
ings there was a bazaar wh<<e youne ladiel No.2 IIRescu.," Toronto Fire Brigade.
in the daintiest of cOltum I acted &8 ama.. No 3 "British America," Toronto Fire
teur saleswomen, dilpensing coffee at Brigade,
25 cents a cup anei cakes at 10 c.nk each,
wi'h the most prailewortby per.everUlce.
There W&8 no chare. to go in, or if ao,it W&8
.. very small one, but tbere wa. a grellot d.al
to pay before one could Jr"'t out, But 'he
public: liked the fUD; tbe yoUD,jl ladi.. en,

)ltTLLANEY'S BRASS BAND.
The Hawilton Fire Brigade.
No.4, .. Vic:toria," T.F. B ; No. ð, II De-
luge, " T. F. B. ; :r-. o. 6, U Provincial," T, F. B.
The Cobourl( brigade .-ound up tbe pro-
o..sion.

LANO
IARKS OF TORONTO.

1095

No one wishes for a moment to
o back In the northern transept, on its western
to the days of the hand en
ines and "01110- side, was a huge bookcase containing one
tary firemen. Yet there was a. picturesque hundred copies of the Bible printed in as
side to the old-time firemen that docs not many differt"nt latlgna
e8. This case from itl
now attach to the much more efficient i:>ody absolute novelty a.nd unique character drew
possessed by Toronto. There was a rivalry crowds of observers. Not very far from
then between the various companies as to this was a .. Diagram of a Million Units,"
which could turn out. in the smartest style constructed by John Damp, of Dannport.
and whose engine could throw a It ream of This diagram W.1S intended to show the
water 'he highest. 1 he various engines vastness of that number and the capabilities
were all part and parcel of the life of the of a milhon of money. Damp was an Eng-
town, aud at a fire it was considered no lishman who came to Toronto about 1856
.mall privile
e by youths and men to be I from Newport, Isle of \Yight, he was a
able to take a hand at the breaKs. .. Good, builJer and a carpenter and resided in a
old Rescue, well òone, No.2," would resound pretty house on Davenport road almost op-
from the crowd surrounding that engine posite Chnrchill avenu
, he was fond of
during the progresl of a fire, while perhaps lecturing on this pet subject, .. A Million
from a similar con(!regation around the of Units" and lectured ,'ery well. He long
.. Phænix" or .. Deluge I' would be hear.l since left Davenport where he was a very
the cry of .. Break her down, boys; you're useful man.
higher than No.
; break her àown .. In fruit, plants and flowers the prize
To return to the proce
sion, it formed up takers numbered J. D. Humphreys, \Y..A.
on Duke street and proeeeded via :Frederick Baldwin, Judge Harrison and Proiessor
to King, thence by York to Front, along Rirbchfelder. The laUer is still amongst 11S,
that thoroughfare to Y onge street as far &.s hale and vigorom, though the day is fa.st
Queen, thence to Bathurst street, where it 9.pprollochmg when he will be a.lmost our
dispersed. · oldest inhabitant."
THE SCARLET COATED FIRE:\IEN. Une other name also appears in
he prize
The gaily caparisoned horses drawing list for 1858, that of Mrs. C. P. Traill, of
the engines which were all profusely dtjcor- Rice lAke, for .. the best collection of
ated, the floating banners preceding each native plants dried and named. " Few names
company, and tte music flOm the various are more honored in the histc.ry of Canadian
bandð, a.ll combined to make the scene a literature than this lady's, none more de-
most imposmg one. servedly so. Nothing but what is pleasant
The newspapers of the time spoke of this attache8 to the honort"d trio ot women
procel
ion and the one by torch light which writers, all more or less connected with
took place the same eveuing, &.s .. being the Canada, aud all related, Traill, Stricldand
l"randest things of the sort that had ever and Moody, .. They did what they could ..
taken place in Toronto," another repor
for the good of their country a
d Lhe credIt
lays: of themselves and theil familie!.
.. The display was in every way creùitable
and was much enjoyed by the trlOU!HUdt! of
people at present in the city."
'lhere wertj a greater number of entries of
8tock, implem('nts and produce at the 1858
Ex hibition than in any year preceding it,
and the exhibits themseh'es "ere superior
in quantity as well as in quality.
The prlucipal prize takers were the fol-
lowing:
F. \Y. Stone, 3uelph, $272; W. Rod.
dick, Port Hope, 8210; G. and W. Miller,

hrkham, $196; \V. H. Lock, Yarmouth,
$191; Richard L. Denison, Toronto, $122;
Jacob Rymal, \rentworth, $102, and I G.
Turnbull, of South Dumfriee, who took the
Canada Company's prize of $100 for wheat.
MANY CURro US ARTICLES
were exhibitf'd, among them being a model
of H. :\1. ships JSï,1.gara and Agamemnon
laymg the first .i\ tlantic cable, A model of
the .. paying out" process was also ex-
hibited.

CHAPTER CCLXXXL
CURIOUS OLD BOOK.

A.n AdverflsclJlc,.t "'It II all AI)ology-!iiln.
",liar ('''ro..olo
l('al Tablf'- Ultl ('1\'11 Ser-
vants-The Old ;,lIlI"a "'oret'.
An old voiump. lies on the table IS we
write. It i8 not bound in .. boa.rds," or
even in .. paper" cover. It is simply
stitched in pamphlet form, and containS
about ninety p:lgei!. It is entitled .. The
York Almanac and Provincial ("altndar for
the year 1821." It purports to have been
issuPli .. Bv Authority" from the office of
the Upper - Canada Gazette, Y or-k, where it
was prin ted and sold.
In the miJdlt' of the first page are
TIlE CALCULATIO
S FOR THE M'ERIDIA
0"
YORK, UPPER CANAOA.
North Lat. 43 0 39 ' 10".
\Y e!!t Lnog, 78 0 4 ' II".
This table anù the otber matter just men-

1O!l6

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

lioned is the wbole of what i. to be found on
page number one.
There is no preface, but there ia what
" ould nl!w-a-days be called one under the
style of " advertisement." which sets forth
that owing to unexpected circumstances the
publication of the Calendar hilos been delavcll
and ,hat the editor has been compelled- re-
lur.tantly t'!, omit several articles at first in-
tended to be inllerted. It cQntinues " Not.
wi'hstanding much pains were taken to ob-
tain accuracy, yet it being the fh-st puhlica-
tion of the kind att.empted in this province,
ma.nyerrors were unavoidable,"
THE DOCUI\IE
T IS DATED
York; J an 1st., 182l.
The almanac proper begins with a table of
.. Epochs anù common notes for the year
1821, being thA firs" after Bissextile or leap
year."
I ost of these "notes" are still to be
fouud in aU almanacs issued enn now. Hut
such as the following are now never seen: &IThe
yea.r 1821 is 329 years since the discovery
of America"' ; and "30 years since the divis-
ion of the Province of Quebec into the pro-
vinces of Lower and Upper Canada.,
The monthly calundars prestmt no object
of comment; they a.re e>..actly the same as
those inserted now in all eimilar publica-
tions.
But succeeding them is an interesting table
entitled "A (hronology of Remarkable
Occurrences since 1,700." There are many
note\\ orthy il1cident-s in European and
Asiatic history recorded, but strangely
enough in a Canadian almanac, scarcely a
single item relating to Canada. The death
of W oUe, the division oi Canada into the
two provinces, the &.rrival of Simcoe. the
death of Brock, and the battles of Lake Erie
and Lundy's Lane are all omitted, why it
is difficult to say, as the ""ork \vas intended
for Canadian rf'adera.
Following this come the names of the
"ìng and royal fa.mily of Great Hritain, and
tbe Cabinet
l i, illters of the time. As ra-

ards theBe the fh'st is incomplete, and the
second incorrect, but considering how very
slowly news travelled in those days, pt:rhaps
tbat is not much to be wondered at
The name of 110 less 1\ person than
THE PRn
CESS VICTORIA
iø omitted from ,he list of the Royal family
as is also that of her cousin Prince George of
Cambridl{e. The nl\mes of her present
Majesty's mother, thp. Duchess of Kent, also
that of t.he late Duchess of Cambridve are
also left out, so it is piainly evident that the
publisher, or editor ratller, of this book was
not very conversa.nt with what he was at-
temptin
to do.
After the names of the Cabinet ,Ministers
i. a very curious table hea.ded .. Chronologi-

cal epitome of the History of England from
the Norman cOl1quest to the present time,
exhibitin
t,he successions in the monarchy,
the ages of the several sovereigns, when they
bpgan to reign, and the duration of their
reigns, the principal statesmen, militarJ
characters, men of bemus, and particular
events. "
Succeeding this, taking np a pa.g!: to itself.
is the ncime,
tvle, titles anà various offices
held by the Earl of Dalhousie G. í. :. B. the
then Governor General" in and over the
Province of LIJwer Canada, Upper Canada,
Nova Scotia, New Brunswic}-- .. .. and iu ..he
Islands of Prince Edward and Bermuda."
Lord Dalhousie had a tolerably extensive
command a.s there were garri
ons from Pene-
tanguishene to Halifax and from there to
Bermuda.. It is ba!i'ely rumored that the
nohle Lord and gallant floldier never even
saw the former once f"mous military statiCJIl,
and now
qual1y famous 8ummer resort for
tired Torolltonians and explorers from a city
lIome 40 miles to the wes' of us, bu' that
probably is a baseless inventioll. He did
come to York; there is no doubt \\ hatever
upon tha.t point.
After the almanac dispoeea of the Gover-
nor-General it gives cOR1plete lists of the
officers in the Cana.dian civil service,
THE HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY,
the Legislative Council, Executive Council,
Court of Kings Bench, "Clergy of the
Established Church"-that has a strange
sound to us nowadays. It is hard
even to imagine such a.n institution
ever enn existed in our midst. Also the
niLme'i Cof "Commissioners appointeel to ad-
minister the oath oi allegiance" besides the
names of .. Commissioners under 58 (;eorge
Ill. Chap. 12, vesting the estates of certain
traitors, and also of p"rsons declared aliens,
in hi!'
lajesty, ,.
The names ':)f do great many other public
functionarit's are then given and lastly a
complete militia. list, tables of population
and names of postmasters lD Upper Canada.
The Civil list is headed with the llames of
the Lieutenant-Governor, Major.(;eneral Sir
Peregrine Maitland, K C. B. In addition *0
belongin
to this English order of chivalry,
he was a Knight of the Russian order of St.
GeoTl{e and of the order of \\' illiam in the
Netherlands.
His
ri\"a.te flecretary was Major Hillier,
of tbe 74tb Regiment,1'Vho died in India dur-
ing the
& forties,' Mrs. H iUier 1'Val a
daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel James
Givins formerly of the Queen 8
gan
ers. She survived until the spring
of 1894, dying in London, En
land,
at an 8011 vanced age. The clerks in tbe
Lieutenant, Governo1"s office were .Mesllrs.

op. lft!lfi.

THE

YORK .Ç},LM.
'l.N.Ç},C,

AND

PROVINC.IAL CALENDAR,

FOR 'J:ßE VEAR

1821.

THE CALCULATIO
S'FOr.'THE M
lDIAN O

YORK, UPPEI
.GANAOA;

Nmlh Lat.J3 0 ' .39' J(j"
West Long. 78 0 ""11')

!I tlUl-lJQ
n1.

rmNT'EO AND!SOLD AT"T.>>E npPER
C}
GAØf}T'fE, dE
f(;E, :WRK.

FM' ST'\III,F; OF T[TLE PAGE OF FOTHERGILL'S ALMANAC FOR 18
1.
See pp. lf
I.'j. Hl!Jli.

LAKD,MA RKS OF 'I OROXTO,

Edwa.rd
Jc
lahon, John Lyons a.nd Thomas
J!'itzgerald.
Following the names of the Lieutenant-
Governor and his suite are those of the
members of the Legi
lative Council, twelve
in all, namely, Chief Justice Powell, whQ
w

p
aker; Dr. Jacob
Iountain, Bishop
of Quebec; tht! Honorables 'I homas Scott,
James B
by, John
Ic
ill, Thomas ralbot,
\\' ilIiam Claus, Thomas Clark, William
Oicksun, 'J homas Frazer, Keil McLfaD and
George Crookshank,
After the Bishop of Quebec, the next
uame is tha1i of Thoma. Scott, afterwards
chief justice. Scott street, Toronto, derives
its name from
THE LEARNED JUDGE,
whose resi,Ience closely adjoined the .treet
which now bears his name. Mr. Scott was
the first chairman of the .. Loyal a.nd
Patrioti:: Society of Upper Canada,7J which
was founded in York in 1812, during the
war. The Chief Ju.tice during the war
issued a. circular to the British public asking
for funds (to enable the soci
tv to prosecute
its work) which contain!! the following
statement: -" That the subscription of the
Town of York amounted in a few days to
i:8ï55s Od currency, dollars a
five shillings
each, to be paid nnnually during the war,
'\ud that a.t Kin
stou to upwards of ;(400."
The next named, .Mr. James Baby, was
b"rn in Detroit in the year 1762, he W&ll
educated at Quebec and on the completion
of his studies t.her. went to England where
he rem:\ined until 1783. He returned to
this country in that year and entered into
business. Hesubsequent!y hecame a most;
distineuished public man, His residence in
Toronto was on Queen street Borne distance
t.o the we'\t of SDadinllo avenue, ,Iobn
lc-
Gill, often known as C&ptain .McGill, \\'as
one of the first officials who were appointed
by General :-;imcoe, bein
commissioner of
.tores at Niagara in 1793. His name is per-
pe1iu&ted in McGill street, Toronto, The
family resirlenl}e was between Queen,
Ch'.Jrch, Shuter and Bond streets. Thomas
Talbot was the celebrated founder of the
'.f..lbot settlement, owning nearly the
whole of the township of Aldborough. Ex.
cep1i during the
PARLIAMENTARY SESSION
he was never a resident in Toronto. William
Claus belOI.ge I to Oxford and was .. lieuten-
ant of the county," an office that very soon
became obsolete. He had no rlirect con.
nection with Toronto. Thoma.s Clark was
the well-known Colonel Clark of Niagara,
he wal a Tery prominent figure in the re-
joicingR wbich took place on the second visit
&.0 Canada of H. R. H. the Duke "f Kent, in
1 ;99. W illia.m Dickson was one of the

109,

Niagara. family, and Thomas Frazer WAS
from Prescott. Neil McLecm was from
Cornwall, and had been l ommissarT of
Provisions in the first days of the coiony.
Georlo{o Crooksha.nk was for some timø Re-

eiYer.General of the Province. His house
was on Front street, hounded on the west
by Peter street, Cruokshank's lane, now
Bathurst street, was called after him.
Of the officers attached to tbe Le!!islative
Council none call for special comment ex-
cepting the chaplain, the honorahle and Ten-
('rable Archdeacon, afterwards Biehop, John
Strachan.
Succ
eding the names of th. Legislativo
Council come the names of those
entlemell
who composed the House of Assemhly.
Among these Alexander McDonell, of Glen-
Io{arry, belonged to the same family as the
celebrated Roman Catholic Prelate of the
same name. Philip Vi\llKoughnet was fath-
er of the statesman who for some years was
Minister of Agriculture. Jonas Jones be-
longed to a promin
nt Brock ville family.
Allan McLean, Christopher and Daniel Hag-
erman, Henry Ruttan, Peter and .John H.
Robinson, besides numerous others in this
list
BEJ,O
GED TO FAMILIES,
everyone of ., hich have made their mark in
the history of the Dominion.
Peterborough derives its name from Peter
Robinson, while the Hamiltons were long
prominent &S shipbuilders.
The memb
rs of the House were as f.l-
lo""s :-
Glengarry-Alexander McDonell, Alex-
ander :\1 c
1 Artin.
Prescott and Russell- \Villiam Hamiltcn.
St:H mont-Archibald
] cLean, Philip Van.
kou'zhnet.
Oundas- Peter Shaver.
Grenville-Walter F, Gates, Jona.s Jones.
Leeds-L P. Sherwood, Charles Jones.
("al'leton- \Villiam .\lorris.
Frontenac-.'" llan McLean.
Town of KingRton-Christopber Hager-
man.
Lennox and Addinlo{ton-D&niel Hager-
IDlln, Samuel ('a"ey.
Hastings-Reuben Whi
.
Prince Edward - James' Wilson, Paul
Peterson.
Northumberland-D.
l'G. Rogere, Henry
Ruttan.
Durham-Samuel S. Wilmot.
York and Simcoe-Peter Robinson, WIn.
W. Baldwin.
Town of York-John n. Robinson.
Lincoln, 1st rirlin
- John Clark; 2nd
ridin
. \\ illiam ,f. Kerr; 3rd riding, Rober'
Hamilton; 4th riding, Robert Rand&lL
Oxford- Thomas HQrner.

1098

LAND
IARh.S OF TORONTO.

Middle.u:-Mahlon Burwell, John BOlt- very brief and it is hard to believe that it
flick. refers to such a comparatively recent periQd
Norfolk-Robert Kicol, Francis L, Walsh. as 18
1.
Kent-James Gordon. The following are the nam.. of the
Essex-Francis l:aby, William
fccor- I " ClerßY of the Established Church," but it
mick. if> to be preeumed that it only r.ders to Up-
\Ven'worth - George Hamilton, John I per Canada, and of course it rr.ust also be
Wilson. distinctly understood tbey were all Anglican
Halton-J ames Crooks, 'Villiam Chisholm. clerl5ymen:-
Offict'rs of the House were :- Dr. Mountain, Lord Bishop of Quebec;
Clerk, Grant Powell; Chaplain the Rev. Official ot Upper Canada, the Rev. O'Kill
Robert Addison; Clerk in Ch"llcery, S, P. Stuart, Kingston; Dioce
an Missionary,
Jarvis, Sergea.nt-at-a.rms, Allen Mc
a.b j Hon. anti Rev, C. Stewart, D,D., Bishop's
Door-keep.r, William Knott, a.nd ì\les. Chaplain; Revs. R. Addisoc,Niagua ; R.
senger, John Hunter. Pollard, Sandwich ; S. J. Mountain, Chap-
Next foHow the names of the Executiye lain to the Lord Bishop, Cornwall: Hon.
Council. Two of these ,!entlemen, thc Honor- and Rev. J. Strachan, D.O., York ; Rev.
abIes James Baby and \\ illio.m Claus, were I J, U. Weageant, Willia.msburg ; Rev. R.
also members of tho Ll'gislative Council. Leeming, Ancaster; Rev. \\'. Sa.mpson,
The other members were the t! on, '3amuel Grimsby j Rev. J. Leed8, Brockville and
Smith, Rey. Dr. John
trachan and the two Au
usta; Rev. M. I-I arris, .Perth j Rev. 'V.
IIx,officio membel.s, who were "he Chief Mcëaulay, Hamilton; Rev. J. Thompson,
Jnscice and the Bishop of Quebec. The Cavan and Port Hope; Rev. J, Stoughton,
clerks were 'Messrs John Beikie and Fret.lricksburg and J<:rnesttown; Rev. R.
George Savage. Mr. B"ikie ".as after. Rolph, Amherstburg; Rev. W. Leeming,
wards sberiff and Mr. Sava
e CI')I- Chippa.\\ a.
lector of Customs at the Port of Chd.plains to dIe forces: Rev. 'V. C.
Toronto, In the Public Departments !he Frith, L. L. D.,KiugstOD; Rev. B. B. Stevens,
officials comprising the Court of King'
Fort George.
Bench were b'.1t nine in aU, including both THE NEXT J.IST GIVEN
the keeper and usher. The puisne judges in this almanac is also one of professional
were \Villiam Campbella.nd D'Arcy Boulton, men, namely, bl\rristers a.nd attorveY3. As
t.hese
entlemen and their residences have a pretty general rule the lawyers in any
been fully described in the tJarlier chapters 10\\ n or country greatly exceed in numot:r
of th" .. L&mlmarks of Toronto." the clergy, but. seventy-five years ago such
In the Surveyor-nen
ral s Departml'nt does not appear to have been the cas. in
Mr. Thomas Ridout fillell the chief office, Upper Canada at any rate, as there were
that of Survt'yor-General, while wc find but thirty-eight members of the l
gal pro-
among his subordlllateR such "ell known fes
ion in the entire Province,
namell as \V. Chewett, who waR chief derk, "The names of the commissioners in

amuel Rirlout, who was second. clerk, with whom were veste,l the e!itates of certain
as e
tra clerks, \V, :Morrison, J. Radenhurst traitors and also of persons ,-leclared aliens"
and Bernard Torquand. The la.st named were these :-.James B.by, George Crook.
resided on Queen street, west of Spa.dina "halIk, lames ì\Jacaulay, \\ iIlilim Allan,
avenue, and wa.s father of Dr, John 1'01'- Grant Powell and Pder Robinson. J. B.
quand, of \Voodstock. }lac&ulay was clerk and Joseph \VeIls was
In the offic
of the Inspector General of I special receiver. The last named official
Public Accounts, the Hon. James Baby, the I was far better known 8S Colonel "'ells,
clerks were John Scarlett and A. \\"a rtfe. He belonged formerly to the 43rd
John
carlett afterwards w&shed his hands Reoiment and had seen hard sen'ice
of otficiallife and officials generally, devoting in D the Peninsular wa.r. He was at
himself the Battle of Badajoz, receiving the gold
WHOLLY TO COMMERCIAL PURSUITS. meda.i for his distinguished senices. He
He reeided for many years at Runnimede, on resided in a large two-storey, rough-cast
Dundas street, about six miles from I'orouto. house overlooking the city on Davenpora
The Province had an agent resident in hill, I!ome few hundred yards from whMe
London, England, whose duty it was to at- now runs
padina road The house is I!till
tend to the interests of the colony at homc. standing and in excellent preservation. Co1.
Mr. \\ïlliam Halt.on, who ftoas a connection \Yells' eldest son was also an officer in the
of the Givins family, and after whom Hal- I army, belonging to the 1st Royals, and dill
ton street in this city is named, discharged gallant service in the Crimea It is related
the duties of the officc. of t,im that when a. boy at Upper Canada
The clergy list given in this aln anac is College, during the troublous period oj

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

1837. he organized and drilled a com.
pany of C'adeu drawn from the pupils at-
tending that schooi. These embryo warrion
were not armed with anything more for-
midable than broomsticks, never\heless it i.
on record that they offered their services to
Sir Francis Bond Head II to ....ist in the
luppreøsion of the rebellion. JJ It is al-
moat needless to say that the offer wa.
DECLIXED WITH THANKS.
After tbe names of these commissionen
comes. list of doctor. who formed the first
Medical Board in Upper Canada. nnder an
Act of the Imperial Parliament paasel two
years previously, They were J am
s
Macaulay. Chris'opber Widmer. William
Lyon.. Robert Kerr. William Warren Bald-
win and Orant-, Powell, with William Lee
.. secretary.
In 1819 Land Boards were appointed
throughout libe Province, among th
memo
ber. were the Roman Catholic Bishop
1 c-
Donell. Adiel Sherwood, Thomas Markland.
G. H. Mark.land, Wa.lter Bos\Yell, J. G.
Bethuue, Rev. \Y. Macaulay, Francis Baby
..nd many other well-known names.
.A complete li.tofmagistrate!l for the whole
of the province follows. There were 316
in all, divided among teu districts. Follow-
ing the.e are the names of the commissioners
"pPGinted to U administer t he oath of alle-
giance." tbe officials in the Surrogate a.nd
Di.trict courts, the sheriffs. trea.surers and
Clerks of the Peace in the I!everal districts,
together wit;h the names of the inspectors of
.hop and tavern licen.es, and the cul1ectors
of customs.
An intereating table is that eiving the
n3.mea of the various .c District 8chool
Masters" Among them all
THERE IS :SOT A SINGLE 1fAMB
which is not a Cana.dian household word.
They were these :-
Eastern district. Rev. J. Leeds; Johns-
town district, Rey. J. Bethune; Midland
district, Rev. J. Wilson; Newoe.stle dis-
trict, Rev. W. Macaulay; Home districli,
Ven, Jno.
trachan. D.D_; Gore district,
Rev. R. Leeming; Niagara district, Rev. J.
Burns; London district, Rev. J. :\Iitchell;
Western district. Re,', W. Merrill.
The ciyil seryice list conclucìes with the
names of the registrars of counties,coroners.
the public uotaries, the licen!Sed deputy
.urveyors a.nd the "inspectors of beef. pork.
fiour. pot and pearl ashes."
Glancing for a moment at the names of
those men who formed the
Iedical Boc.rd
the first given, tha.t of .Tames .M!i.caulay. de-
mands some notice. His care.r began with
the regime of Governor Simcoe. He wall a
member of the Lieutenant-Governor's staff,
and then became Inspector'General of

1099

Hospital.. SuLsequt'ntly be was appointed
to the newìy formed Medical Board, of which
HE WAS THE SENIOR KEMBEL
Dr. 1\1 acaulay was a Scotchman. born in
1759, a.nd entered the a.rmy all Burgeon to
the 33rd Regiment about 1785. Afterwards
h. becAme surgeon to the Queen'. Rangers
of whicb corps Simcoe W&I Lieutenant-
Colonel Dr. Macaula.y l.h the army when
tbe Ranger. were disbanded and took up his
reaidence in a cottage house to the south of
where now stands Holy Trinity Church. It
was almost opposite the southern transept
of the church and remained standing until
about; 184-9 when it was destroyed by tire,
It was known as Teraulay Cottage, and
there Dr. )Jacaulay died January lat. 182'2.
'1 he York Obsen'er thus chronicles the
event:-
Hltbecomes our painful duty to communi,
cate t;o the readers the deceasse of Dr. }la-
caulay of this town. In the death of this
truly yalued member of society, charity
has lost ita best supporter and the unfor,
..nnate emigrants their best friend. He w,,"s
ever ready' to wait upon a.nù reheve the (()r-
lorn strangers, noli only with his medicine
but his purse,"
It is ,vholly needless to say anything re-
Bpecting Dr. \Vidmer; he ha.s beeu described
at length on previous occasions. Dr. Lyons
"as a A bnUTABY SURGEON.
as waa also Dr. Kerr. The former wa. on
lihe staff, aDd the latter had been surgeon to

ir ,John John.on's regiment raised dnriD2
the war of Independence. Dr. Kerr married
a Bister of Captain Brant and had several
children; be died in March, 1824, in his
eixtieth year. Of Dr. Bald win it; is a.s need..
less to speak as of Dr. \\ idmer. not because
tbflre is nothing to say. bat because it ha.
been told already,
Or. Grant Powell wað a. son of Chief
Justice Powell, anlì WILl! bt>ru in England in
1759. He came to York during thfl war
of 1812, and was appointed surgeon to the
Incorporated ;\Iilitia, in which be served
throughout lihe entire War. On peace being
proclaimed. he wa. awarded a pension of
E200 a year for life. He !Soon afterwards
retired from practice. a.nd
came clerk to
the House of Assembly. In 1820 he was
appointed judge of the Home District. and
still later clerk to the Legislative Council.
He died. aged sixty years, Ju; e 12th. 1838.
The sccre'ary, Dr Lee, had also seen a
great Jeal of military sen'ice in the 49th
and 24th regiments. On lea....ing tbt: army
at the close of the war of 1812, he ".as
appointed to the honorable, if not nry
lucrative, position of "Gentleman
.c USHER OF THE BLACK :ROD'.
to the Le
Ì!lla1.ive Council. He died in York

noo

LA
DMARKSOFTOHONTn

July 1st. 1833, aged 70 years. 3rd York-Colonel. James Givins, Lieut..
After the variou:, officials comes the Col. James FltZ Gibbon, \! ajor John Beikie.
Militia Lists, rhe following are the names Capta.ins-Tbomas Merrigold, William
of the staff in Upper Ca!lada and of the Thompson, John Scarlett, Benjamin Geale.
various rejZiments : - Frederick Starr Jarvis. \Villiam Birdsell,
Adj. -Gen. Coìonel Natha.niel Coffin; Clerk. Da.niel Brooke, sen.. Allan N. McNabb,
Lieut. Samson; Q.-
J.-(
en, Licut, Colonel Clifton Jackson. Joseph Carter.
Robert Nichol; Ileputy Payma.
te1"-(
eneral. Lieutenants- Thomas H umberstone, Chas.
.Alexander
icDonell; General .Agent. for Denison,George T. Denison.Thomas Denison,
paying Mihtia Pensioners, E }lc1\1abon. George Shaw. Robert Gray, Johu Beatty,
The regiments cnrolled were :-Prescott. John Lyous, Geor,ge Sheehan, Alexa.nder
1st Glcngarry, 2nd Glengarry, 3rd Glen- Chewett, :'imon Kemp, AGj.
garry; Stormont, Dundas, 1st Grenville, 2nd Ensigns-Da.vid Sha.w, James McNabb,
Gren ville, 1st Leeds,2nd Leeds; Froutenac, I A llan Robinette, Aaron Silverthorne. .Tamel
Addington, Lennox, Prince Edward, lIast- Farr, Bernard Turquand, WilHam Crook.
ings, Northumberland, Durham, 1st York. shank, Lambert F. Brooke, Thoma.a Merri.
2nd York, 3rd York, 4th York, 1st Gore, R:old, Joseph Price.
2
d Gore: I
dep<<;ndent

mpanies-Gra.nd I Quartermaster-John Murchison.
River, 1st Lmcoln, 2nd LIncoln, 3rd LID- * \\' ere officers of cavalry troODS.
coIn, 4th Lincoln. 1st Norfolk, 2nd .N orfOlk, ! From the following tll ble it will be s('e.
Oxford, Middlesex, 1st Essex, 2nd E
t\ex, that in 1821 the entire population of the
Kent. I Province only a.mounted to '\ little more thaI!
OUk LOCAL REGIMENTS WERE half the nnmber of people now resident ill
the 1st, 2d and 3d York, the follpwing is Toronto alone. Very prol ably thero art
a complete list of the officers, with ,'ery few some slight errors in the figures, but:. the,
exceptions the names given being those of are substantially cOrt"ect :
men r( presenting families who reside to this THE POPULATION.
day in or near Toronto. Glengarrv. ....... .............,..
1st York Lieut.-Col. Peter Robinson, Stormont.......... _......... .....

lajor Dennis Fitzj;era.ld. Dundilo
. . .. .... ...... ...... ,... ...
Capts. John Arnolrl, James )'Iustard, Russe-ll. ,., ...........,..........
Jeremiah Travers, Jame
Fenwick, John Prescot1-...,......................,
Button, Nathaniel Gamble, ,James Miles, Grenville. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . , . . . . . ,
William Macklem, Georgt'
lustl\rd and Leeds......,...,.,.....,. _ .......,
George Shultz, Carleton. . " .... _ . . , . , . , . . . .. . . . . . .
Li
utenants - Lodowick "eidman, An- .trontenac (e'{clusÍ\-e of the Town of
drew Thomson, Henry PinJl:le, George Kingston)... _............,....,. 2.901
Lf'mon, Arad S1I1ally, Andrt:w Borland, 'fown of Kingston. . . . . , . . . ... 1,880
William Roe, "William Marr; John H. 8am- Lennox and .Ad(
illgton. . . . , , . . . . , . .. 5,724
son, Adjt. Hastings.. . ... . ,...,......,........ 2.520
En8igns-
amuel Foster, Reuben Ken- Prince Edward ..................., 6,079
nedy, Asa
malley, William Travt'rs, Richard Northumberlani.....,.....,........ 4,322
Graham, \V illiam \ \ïlson, Thomas 'Vilson, Durham. . , . . . . . , ,. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . , '. 1, 78:

Jamea Marsh, John Wilson, Simcoe. . .. . . .... .. . . .. .. ." ,,' .. 148
Cornet-*Francis Button. York (exclusive of thc Town (If York) 9,593
2nd York-Colonel, William Allan; Lieut.- Town of York., .... ............ .. .. 1,2+0
Col. Stephen lieward ; Major, John Bever- Lincoln..",....................... J3,787
ley Robinson, \Ventworth.. .. ,. '. ,., ..... ,.. .... 4,9.39
Captains-JohnPlayter, George Ridout, Halton..,.........., ... ...,. ," 4,i96
Eli Pla.yter, Edward Mac)]ahon, William Xorfolli......"....,....,........,.4.1i8
Smith, .James Macaulay, D'ArcV Boulton, Oxford,.. ........... ..,........, 2,.(5j
Ja.mes Chewett, Daniel Brook, Andrew
ler-
liddlesex.........,..,.....,...... 5.2i

cer. Kent.... ,.. ...... ....,. ......... " 1,624
Lieutenants-- Jsaac
ecor, John Karl', Ed- Eslilex..... . . . . . .. .. . ... . . .. ..... 3,732
ward W. Thomson, William B Robinson.
John Claus, Andrew \\. \\ a.rlIe. Thomas
Cooper, Robert Anderson. Heny J. Boulton,
James E. Small,
Em
igns-John Ga.mble, A. S Thomp30n,
George Hamilton, Robert Dickson, \Yilliam
Oickson, \\ illiam Jarvii', Richard Brooke,
\\" ilham Proudfoot, J ohn
J unro, Francis
Levs. Adit, Gðor2
DU22an.

5, 78

i,571
2,197
107
1,567
4.373
6,72'1
3,692

lC'{,9S2
In conclusion hearty thank!'! are givf'n to

j r. Alexander ,Manning, by whose kind..
ness this old almanac has been lent for our
purpose.

LAN D
lARK.S OF TORO
TO.

1101

CHAPTER CCLXXXII. I A reproduction of the interior of the
OLD ST. JAMES. buiiding il! also [iven. The large pew at the
_ southern end of the buildin
. wh!ch is stir-
Tbe .Flnt B.lldlalr-"U'f'raUoJl!l aDft En- I mounted by the royal aro!s, was that of the
larcem..atø-.arvlvtag" Me_Iter. or 1be LIeutenant Governor. whIle the first of the

o.zrea:.tI... three large square pews, just underneath
.. . I the pulpit, was that set; apart for membH!!I
The first A.ng
Ican chureh erect
d 10 To- of the Legislature. \Vhen the a1tera
ion"l
ronto was bUIlt In 1803, and was lItLle more were fina.lly completed, the outer windo,','s

.

..'-. \\".-.:.,-..

"",

-------

FIRST ANGLICAN CHURCH ERECTED I!\ TORO!'iTO.

than a II meeting hoU!
e, " constructed of
wood, st"nding on 'he same site &s the pre-
sent 1St. James' Cathedral does, but, unlike
that edifice, which runs north and south, it
faced east and west, which, according to
the ideas obt;aining amon
Andicans, Roman
Catholics and followers of tho Greek l huch,
is the only way in which a church should be
built. A cat of the first building is
iven in
this iuue. &8 is also one of what the buildin

was like after its enlargement in 1818, under
the direetion of the venerable Archdeacon
John Strachan, the then rector of York, he
havin
succeed.ed Archdeacon G. O'Kei1
Stewart in 1811.

had circular heads given to them, and
al.
leries, which do not appear to ever hl\ve
been used much, were 80180 added.
The benches at the back of the pews were
then used by such of the soldiers of the
RR.rrison &I attended the services of the
An(!lica.n Church.
This edifice remained in ui!le until 1830,
when it was replaced by a stone buildin
.
The pulpit "'as removed to the Anglican
church in Scarboro', where it is still to be
seen.
There are not many of those who wor.
shipped in the buiIdfu
from 1818 to 1830
now livin
, though Dr. Scaddine. Hons. H.

1102

LAl\ D)
ARKS OF TORONTO.

\Y. Allan and John reverley Robinson, I l.atin for fifth. This, though a some-
Mr. Clarke Gamble, Mr. William Helhwell, what pretty conceit, is far fetched and
of Highland Creek; Colonel D"Arcy Boul- not at all probable.
ton, of Cobourg; Colonel R. B. Denison, I There is .yet anot
er tl
riv.:t.tion given,
.Mr. J. A. Scarlett, anti perhaps half a dozen and that . If! found m. the Imperial Lib-
others are still with us (1894). rary, ParIs, where Qumte is apelt .. Kan-
- ti," .. Kinti " and '0 Kiuto." \\-hich is the

,
=-

I
T[oRIOR VIEW OF ,FIRST AXGLICAS CHURCH.

CiIAl'TEI{ CCLXXXIII.
SOME CANADIAN NAMES.

Ilame of a brH.nch of the Sellooa. Indians
who sepdrated from the lllain body, tak-
ing the name of Kanti. and Wi10 are
said to have had their hunting grounds
ou the shores of the Bay of Quinte.
The }lississaga. tribe of lmliana who in-
habited this porti.on of Ontario were so
called because at or near this particular
point were ma.ny outlets or streams of
water. The Cr
ùi.t, I1nm
r, DOll aud
others.
In 1688 Lake Ont ari Q_is_sai.d to bave
been kaown by the'Indtans. at Ska-nia-
doue, the
ivatioll of which is not
known. J.Ja

Huron was called Mer-
Douce, a.ud Erie, L)k8wego.

..terHllnz PurUcalars Wby 8eDl.. Well-
Known Place'a we're .. Called.
'l'bel'e have bet'n many disputes On the
'1 ucst iou of how the Bay of Quinte de-
rivl>d its name, a.nd also not 8. few in-
teresting conjectures on the same sub-
ject. Originally the name appears to
have been Con Ba.y, or the lhy of
Cou.. This is a. Mohawk word. of which
the mealting is 110t kuown.
Thf' pre8Cut l1am'
of Qurntc is generally
belie'V'ed to be taken from Colonel Quinte,
eommandet" of tlu> French troops at Nia-

ara, where h
was ddeated by the
lillgl
L forces in !be war which ended
with the ca.pitnla.tion of Quebec aud the
deatA of Wolfe. Defeated at Niagara
Qninte, alwa.ys in dread of GUll pursued Some ParUculara or tbe Old Balldl..-
b-y tbe IG
ns, retreated bJ- Burlington .." DcatrncU.oa aa. Rewoyal.
bay, Fort RoW-lie and along the western
shore 01 Lake Ontario to tbe point still " H:udJy, a man IS now alive who remem-
known as Stickaey's Hill, on the west bers that famous day &I1d year."
of tbe bay, where he perished sadly from The War of 1812 to newspaper reat1-
wId aJ&G exposure. ers of the preent day, is now a matter
Another statement made regarding the of very ancient history, not that no
deri yation of the name is that it was 80 interest is taken in the matter, but it
caned from beinr the fifth of five bays, is "such a long time ago N to the ma-
uamell' Lower Picton, lIaJ", the Reach jority of peop-le, that its events f.ail to
and Upper Bay, and that it should be create the interest that those do con-
"lnta., which iø the feminine form in I nected with the North-west expeditioJl

CflAPTEH. C(;LXXXIV

THE IS-LAND BLOOK HOUSE.

LAl-o DMARKS OF TORONTO.

1103

of 1885, the Feuian raid of 1866, or in all probability it still remainø, if
{',-en the Rebellioll of 1837-38. one only knew where to look for it.
The cut given to-da;y of an old forti- 'fhere are scarcely any persons 110W
fication erected very early in the cen- alive who took any part in the terrible
tury upon th.e spot where now stands events of 1812 and the three following
Hanlan's Hotel at the Island, and which years. One aged veteran who has ned-r-
was dPIDolished nearly three score and ly completed his century, is known to
ten years since, takes us back to a very reside in Montreal, and there are two
-early period in the history of the city. survivors, one being a lady, of the cap-
This old "Block House" was built of htre of York, in 1813. The Island bl
k
pine logs, squared to about 10 inches, I h.)use .aw, though it was powerless to
.and dovetailed tbe one into the other at avert, the capture of York, and met itl
the corners of the building. The roof I own extinction some 13 years later.
was of the same sized timber as the The contractors for its removal were
walls, and the interstices of both walls I J os('ph Bloore, after whom the weIl-
and rool were filled in with mortar. I known thoroughfare is called, and Geo.

,
- --;:;;-.-

f:

---...
,1:'--=
w

iì

. ::-
"" "'''1\'';
r

"..ti -
.... ... ...- ,
-"\..
_ .:-..... '..--.., ..
\
"

..
-'
"'
-. -... . Þ.J_ ":"
,' ......
....;., - ,.... , .. -....., . ",,,,I.
øÞ>"'- ,
9
---

'.
".- 0 a -. ·

'!1-"-- ...----.=-

---
.
---

THE ISLA
D BLOCK HOUSE, 1814.

The block house was about 25 feet I Cooper, wbo from very modest begin-
square in its exterior measurement, and ninp:ø, by cea.seleøs energy and perseTer-
the roof was about 14 feet from the anee, amaBBed a large fortune, and
ground. Thereon was mounted a 24- died some 20 years since at a very
pounder cannon, which, being on a great age. He resided for many yea....
s\'\ivel truck, could be t,rned in any in a large farm-bouse standing in the
direction. During the War of 1812 no angle formed by Bloor and Dundas st.ß.,
mention is ever made of this fort being about 100 yards north of the former and
engaged with the enemy, and in the east of the latter. Later he removed to
articles of capitulation of York, in 1813, a handsome brick house on Davenport
it is not referred to even by inference. Hill, overlooking the city. There he
It was probably found to be of no UBC dird after many years of usefulness.
wbatever as a meall1'! of protecting Still living hearty and vigorous at
York harbor, for in 1826 or 1827 it was Highland Creek is William Helli wðll,
taken down and its solitary piece of who u w Coop rand Bloore take the
ordinance transferred to Qurbec, where old and useless block house down, aud

1104

LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

"ith the exception of
Ir. Clarke Gamble, I tal strength-we have some of them. But
Dr. Scadding and, it may be, one or there are few who steadily may maintain
two others in the city, he is the onl
r intellectual strain without the reinforcement
'p
rBon now alive :who has any recoUec- ûf blooùand bone. The saying of Welling-
tlon whatever of It. ton when he saw the Eton boys at
their play is trite but apposite. Not
many of our great men have lived
without having, at some time, taken 8.n
active interest in athletics. Canadian men
and Canadian boys think much of the sounù
.omethlna or tbe History.r ..d tli. Wen'S, body, not as much as of the sound mind,
aetae Do.e by Teroato A.lbletle t::11l.b. perhaps, but they do not forget that the
That supremacy which is conceded to the machine must be in working order if the
English and their forbears is by no mean'" needle is to point true. The time was when
wholly due to the race's mental ql
".lities. It ' grown-up men thought it unbusilless-like or
would be unwarranted to claim for tht.. umnanly to broaden their chests and to

CHAPTER CCLXXXV.
HOME OF THE TRIPLE U V.'t

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TORONTO ATHLETIC' CLUB.

Anglo-Saxon people any great intellectual I thicken their muscles. That genetatioll,
pre-eminence. Other people. there are' with a few misguided except.ions, has passed
which need yield nothing to ours in pure I away. The man who disapproves of
brain-strength-many there ha.ve been aml ' athletics is hø.rd to find nowadays. Should
some there are now that ha.ve a larger re- business or age prevent his active participa-
ga.rd for what philosophers call the intel- I tion therein, he seldom lets slip an oppor-
lectuallife. I tunity of seeing others simultaneously
It is the happy combination of bodily and building up brain and brawn. A Satur-
'nental powers thai has placed the Anglo- ,day a.fternoon in summer-time libera.tes
:4a.xOIliJ in the front rank of the nations. I thousands of men and boys who seek the
Men C&U be physically strong without men- level field, or the country road, or the lake's

LANDMARK'; OF TORO
TO.

1105

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LA:XD
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broad expanse, there to indulge in their I throws its broad doors open. The grEen
favorite sport, \Vhen winter
mes the I clothed billiard tables are I eady for thosl'
choice of amusement8 is lessened. What whose delight it is to push the clicking
with skating, hockey or curling, the lusty I ivory globes. The bowling alleys are ready
athlete need not let time hang heav y on his for the men, who strong of arm and keen of
----= --
-

WITH TIlE FENCERS.

hands. But there are those who do not care I eye, toss the great lignum vitae balls with
for these exercises, and there are those who accuracy and certitude, And - how the
fear to risk the chills and colds which are their young Torontonians of fifty years ago would
inseparable adjuncts. For these Toronto has I stare-the huge swimming bath, filled with
a home. She has an a.thletic club, grandly summer warm water, is open for him who
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eqmpped, managed by men who love the I would breast old Ontario's transferred wave.
cause of 8t.rengUlening their fellows, and It was in April, of 1800 that Capt. C.
manned by a thousa.nd a.nd more of brawny Greville Ha.rston, then of the Royal Grena-
young Canadia.os. For these, unlike their diers, happened to be in C. C. Robinson's
predeeesøorø of fifty years ago, there is no I jewellery shop on Y onge street. Mr. Rob-
\a,Qk of wiDtec sport. The great gymnasium inson for yeafjl, was one of Toronto's lacrosse

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

1107

cracks. That was in the early days of the I and sportsmen, Mr. Massey and his friend
g&D1e in Toronto. His companions at thegame I lamented the fact that Toronto, unlike
were slim young fellows who now are fa.thers Montrea.l, possessed no athletic club. An
of families, and who no,w have run so much I effort had been made to orgamze one, but
to adipose tissue as in old days they were the gentlemen interviewed had been re-

THE SMOKING ROO:\f.

lean-Hanked and long-winded. One of these 1 1uctant to participate in a matter of such
was Captain John Massey, a man whose magnitude as the plan requisitely would
name needs no introduction to the city's I be. Mr. Massey disinterred from a pigeon-
amateur sportsmen. The talk was of sport hole behind him a roll of paper, and showed

THE BIG PLUNGE.

1108

LAND
lARK::' OF TORONTO.

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LANDMARKS OF TOnONTO.

HOO

to Ca.pt. Harston, the stock-list-meagrely Each had made a record for himself in some
filled up - of a. club which he and branch of sport. As Mr. Nelson is accus-
others had thought of forming, Busi, tomed to say. the material waa
ness cares had pre\Tented Mr. C. H. there; all that was necessary waa
Nelson, Mr. Massey and the gentlemen someone to start the good work. Mr.
interested from going into the matter ex Massey interested many members of the
tensively, and Mr. Massey suggested to Mr. Toronto Lacrosse Club in the plan, and
Harston that he try his luck with the stock although an exodus from the old Rosedale
sheet. A ready consent was given, and grounds was inevitable many of the
Capt. Harston, who had plenty of time on I members of the club took stock
his huds, sta.rted out canvassing. The other! in the new organization. Prof. Gold-

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HiNER VESTIBULE.

gentlemen interested continued to work.
Mr. Nelson, to whom belongs the honor of
having proposed the organiza.tion of the
clab, labored amongst the merchants, Mr.
Charles Hunter, now of the Standard Lile
IDSQra.nce Company, looked after the bank-
ers, and Capt, Ha.rston canvassed the young
mM who were to form the rank and file and
active membership of the club. Three more
earnest or more successful advocates of the
scheme could not have been found. Each
Im",w hundreds of DrosDective members.

-
win Smith, than whom the ca.use of
athletics has no more earnest or more vlPolu.
a.ble advocate, speedily became interested,
and began that course of enthusiasm and
liberality which has stood the club in sucb
good ate&d,
It was in November, 1890, that the first
meeting of gentlemen interested in the T.A..
C. was held. There were present Hon.
John Beveroley Robinson, Messrs. C. H.
Nelson, John Massey, W. D.
uir and
C. Greville Harston. A. pfovisiona1 Board of

1110

LA
JnIARKS lW TORONTO.

Directors was formed with these gentlemen the property on College street owned by
&8 members :-Hon. John Beverlev Robin, Hon. Beverley Robinson, was acquired, and
SOD, Wm. Mulock, M. P., C. If. Yelson. in September tenders were called for, the
John Massey, W. D. Langmuir, John I. building not to exceed in cost more than
Da..-idson, E. B. Osler, T. C. Patteson. ::-;60,000. The ceremony of turning the first
John Henderson. Most of these gentlemen sad took place Sept. II, upon which occa!!lion
have oontinued their interest in the club,
Ir. Goldwin Smith delivered a speech which
...d øtill serve as directors. I will long be remembered by those who were
OR Feb. 19, 1891, the provisional directors fortunate enough to hear it. The first
1IIIet, and the report of the canvassers was I tenders for the building were not satisfactorl
handed in. It was reported that in all.tnd others were called for and a.cceptel
$47,
worth of
tock had been taken up, I The.. total cost of the
tructure was estimated
.and it was decided to apply to the at $12,000, but, as bmldillgs usually do. &he

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A OOSY OR.NER.

Ontario (jQvernment for a charter. Tltis completed edifice cost considerably morè
was obtained in the following April, when than this amount. The work of p1aciul
:Mr. K. J. Lennox's pl&ns for a club house stock went on, and wh.en, on Jan 23, of la.ai
Wel'e ac
, with some modifications. year, the fonnal opemng took place, there
!'be first Cnnual meeting was he1d Ma.y 21 were fifteen hundred stockholders. By
1rheB. tll.eøe directors were elected :-Hon. Ma.y, 1894, there were 882 mernbel'l!l, and.
John Benney Robinson Dr. I.&rra" Smith, I when the Yeal" closed the membership list
Messrs. .E. B. Osler, C. iI. Nelllon, W. T. bore 1,101 names, Since the opening of the
Jennings Jaa. Murray John Henderson, I present year II5 new members have been
Çapt. }(
, Ohas. H
ter, J. B. MQft'&y, I enrolled, and 47 resigna.tions have been
SeM.tor :V
n, Dr. Goldwin Smith. Sir handed in. ....
Ad&m Wil80D shortly a.lterwa.rds joined the The r:r;oronto AthletIc Club UI In reality a.n
Boe...d. In A
', 1891, Sleepy Hollow, I MSOCia.tion of a doeen or 80 of other OI"i&m-

LANDMARKS OJ' TORONTO.

1111

zatioD!. All are equal, and all have the Indoors, the large gymnasium is fitted 11'
same representation on the directorate, not with all of the newest appliances. The in-
numerically, but in point of influence. There structor, Prof. \V. W. Taylor, ia & well-
are committees to look after the various known gymnast. The billiard roo. poaeesstW
sports, and each of these committees has for .ine tables, all except one beiDg of
chairman one of the T. A. C. directors. Canadian manufacture. The policy of pur-
By this means the claims of every branch chasing goods manufactured in this country
II.re certa.in to be presented to the direc- was followed wherever practicable. M
t;
t.orate. Among the clubs enrolled are the of the carpets and all of the furniture were
Toronto Bicycle Club, the Toronto Fencing bought in Canada. The whole equipment
Club, the Toronto Lawn Tennis Club, the cost about $14,000. So it may easily be
Oagoode Hall Athletic Clubs, and some figured up that the amount invested in this
thirty-five of the playing members of the home of athlctics is by no means small.
Toronto Lacrosse Club. Negotiations are It is the hope of the directors that the
nOw on foot by which the Toronto Cricket rolls will show a membecship of 1,500 by Ute
Club may become affiliated, The cricketers' end of the year. No young man-or old
grounds al'e in close proximity to the T. A. man, for that matter-whose mon
l character
C., and the advantages which accrue from I is good, need fear the dilqualifying black

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CO)DllTTEF. ROO:\I.

amalga.mation would seem to be obvious. ball. The club has been erected for the
The ladies, too, are not forgotten by the betterment of athletics, and the social line
directors. The club now numbers. some is not held to be of paramount importance.
sixty-seven lady members, who have their Hon. John Beverley Robinson has been
own rooms entirely separate from the men's re-elected president for 1895,and the various
portionofthebuilding. Within these forbid- committees are as follows;-
den. portals
he faira
hletesma)'.p
rticipateto Billiards-J. E. Elli!', E. W.PhilIips, W. G. Mc.
theIr hearts content III health glvmg gymnas- Clelland and P. A. Manning. Bowling-R. K.
tics or the grace-endowing sport of fencing. I Sproule.:J. B. Kay. Geo.llegg and A.\V. Ridout.
The club's grounds are two acres in ex-' Gymnasmm-E. H
\Vall'ih. G:. H. Muntz, J. "W.
f h . h . ! Watt and T. BurnsIde. j<'cnclDO'-Dr. Peters,A.
tent, par
0 w IC IS under lease from Hon. D. C'artwright. H, V. Jones anã: H. B. Brough,
Mr. Robmson. Here are laid out no less Boxing"-J.I". Edgar. L.Pernberton, Hurne BlakE
than thirteen tennis courts and two bowling and G. 1\1. Y Ol!ng. Swimming-John H
r
aft
g reens There is also a cla y e.nd ci d r b . I P. Bath, D. MItchell
nd C. Andros. Rmk-
.
'. n e. Icyc.e A. Thornpl'on. D. MUIr, Geo. S. Lyon and J. GIl,
track, mcasurmg seven laps to the nllle. It IS mour. Lawn Rowling-J.W.Corcoran, .J.Spoon'
confidently expected that, with its new courts, ! er. I UCSproule and /ud
e .Kingsmill. \Vhist-:
the Toronto Lawn Tennis Club will P ossess I For",y! h 1'rant" E. \-\i. PhllllPf!, J.Buchanan anc
f h b . C.H.Grant1l1
m. House Comnllttec-C.H.Ander
one 0 t e est 2r.ounds on the contment. . SOIL It, A .1lohin!>on.H.B.Bromzh and P,Mannilw

1112

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

CHAPTER CCLXXXVL
THE ROYAL CANADIANS.

time Receiver-General. Dunn avenue in
Parkdale is called after him. His end was
a sad one, he being accidentally shot
Ite.inhunre. of (be Early Day. oC (be while on active service in Abyøsinia in 1867
I..all P. W.R.I:. a. -By One 1Ybo Bernd with the 33rd Regiment into which he had
Tberel.. exchanged.
The captains, each of whom raised eighty
It is now (1895) thirty-seven years since men, were John Clarke, T. W. W. Smythe,
authority was given b
the Imperial aut.hon- George Macartney, C, J. Clark and R. C.
ties in Engla.nd to Sir Edmund Walker Price. Of these only Capta.in Smythe, who
Head, the then Governor-General of Upper came from Brockville, now survives. He Ì1I a
and Lower Canada to raise a regiment of oolonel on the retired list and resides, or
infantry for general service in the dominions did till very recently, in Dover, England.
of her Majesty. There had been colonial Capt. John Clarke was for some years in To-
corJ>8 in plenty previously, among them ronto in command of the depot of the l00th,
tile GlengaTry Fencibles of Ce.nada. who did On its withdrawal he exchanged into the
such gallant service in the war of 1812, the R. C. Rifles and died in this city about
Newfoundland regiment of veterans, the I twenty-five years since. Captain Maca.rtDey
Ceylon Rifle Regiment, the Cape Mounted c
e from Paris, Ont., where he WaI!! the
Rifles, the Royal Canadian Rifles, (disband- post.master, he died in London, Bngland,
ed in 1871, after an eXÌlltience of about thirty I in 1887.
yean) aDd others of le. importa.nee. But Captain C. J. Cla.rk exchanged i.u.to
all theøe various military organizations were the 57th Regiment, !Serving for sev-
enrolled strictly for serviee in the colonies eral years in India prior. 110 his death,
where they were raised, and they could not and Captain Price died in Gibraltar, wh.re
have been used for any other purpose than he is buried, in 1861.
thedefenoe and maintenance of order in Among the lieutenants, John lPleteher, C.
tlwir own country. H. Carriere, H. T. Duchesnay and Brown
The JOO&.h, or Prince of Wales' Royal Wallis are still extant. Mr. Fletcher I'C8ides
Oa.na.diAn Regiment was different in consti- in Quebec; after retiring from the lÐOth he
tutionirom all those which have been men- served a.s D. A. G. for m&DY years in the
üoaed. It was \0 be part and parcel of . Canadian militia. Mr. Carriere is a pro-
the Queen's infantq of t.he line, and wa.s fessiooal man in Ottawa and Mr. Waltis a
to serve wherever the authorit.ies might member of the Canadian civil service. Mr.
onl
r it-to go. Ducheøna.y, now lieutenant-C01oneI, is a
Tbe movement excited great enthusiasm D.A.G. of Militia m the province of Quebee.
m Upper Ca.naéhI., though a fa.ir propoction Tfte remainder of the Canadian lieuteo&ats
of recnlite were obtained ill the lower Wel'e L. A. Casault, who commanded one of
province. CrimeaD memories were still the Canadian regiments of militia. which
freøh iB tàe minds of every one, the Indian were Bent to tae Red River, UDder
mutilly was not yet quelled, aAd it. WM Colonel W olseley in 1870. He retUed
mope than hinted that the }()Oth would be from the l00th in 1866. Liet1t.-CoIoaet
pen the opportuni
to assist in ruiori ng Cauult received the order of C. M. G.
Giòer in the vut peninsula of the East. for his services in the NordJ.-weat, but
The whole of the men who formed tlle died very ItOOD after the return of the ope-
lOOth regiment were enliated m.Canada, and dition. L. C. A. de ßellefeutlie, Philip
&mong its officers one major, five ca.pta.iDII, DerbishÌJle and A. E. Rykert are all gone,
eight lieutenants a.nd five ensip were. tbe latter so fal' back as 1860. He WM ODe of
chMen from Canada to receive commiuions. the well-known St. CathariÐes family, and
The M.a;ority 'WM iIled by the appøint- was a man of exceptionally good llbilities.
IMIIt of Alexander Rober'" Dunn, He was educated at U. C. College and Trin-
who had formerly been in the IUh HV8&ars, ity Univers
, a.nd had his health uotfailed
where, in the famoua charge of the Light. he wouid undoubtedly have made his m&rk
Brigade, he won the Vi
tleria Cr088 for his in the anny.
conspicuous bravery. When peace was de- Of the ensigns, who were ,John GiDhø
elared in 1856, Dunn left the a.nDY, cli8aa.tis- Ridout, H. E. Davidson, T. H. Baldwin, C.
jied with 8ØIIle slight or iIlJll.ginary slight A. Boulton and W. P. Clacke, aU with
that bad been pllt upon him. He was re- the exception of Mr, Baldwin, who
siding iD Toronto when the lOOt.h was in died in 1862, survive. John Gibbs RidIN

eoune of formation, and &.II he by his own ÚI here in Toronto, interested in law- and
.xenions oolined 200 men, he became junior logic, photography and archæology, the Q...
m&jor. He was born in Toronto, bemg a nadian Institute and the Dogs' Home, a1Í8.
.. of Bon. J.1m Henry Dann, the some- able to enjoy the recollection that be W'AI

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

1113

head ofthe staff college in England in 1865. Fort Detroit," tbis summons being con-
H. E. Davidson is a colonel on half pay in veyed by Captain Glegg, who W8ß on
England; he exchanged into the 19th Regi- the staff of Brock. General Hull de-
ment, the second batt-alion of which he cUned to see Captain Glegg, though he
commanded for four years. Subsequently detained him some hours, and then re-
he commanded the Brigade Depot at Rich- plied as follows:
mond, Yorkshire; since then he has been " Headquarters, Detroit, Aug. 15, 1812.
"I have received your letter' of thil
awa.iting further emplo)"ment. He was a. dAte. I have no other reply to make
most po
ular officer in the lOOth, also
o the than to inform you that I am prepared
19th,
mg known among the. men as ur to meet dony force that may be at your
Harry. C.
. .Boulton ret
red from
e disposal, and any consequences which
lOOth as captall
m 1867. 8mce then !ü& may result from any exertion oÌ it y

career as Canadian cavalry officer durmg may think proper to make.
the troubles of 1885, and his subsequent I ' W. HULL Brigadier-General
elevation to the Dominion Senate is well Commanding N.W. Army U.S."
known. 'V. P. Clarke left the lOOth as A cannonadl' was at once commenced
lieutenant in 1866. He has since pursued! by Brock from a five-gun battery ereet-
an honorable career in the North-west. l ed opposite Detroit, but was soon dis-
The officer chOBen to command the l00th continued and orders given to the troopø
regiment was, as is well known, Colonel I that the a!tack was to be
l3umed on
(',.eorge de Rottenburg, C,B. He died at the followmg day. Accordmgly a.t 6
Windsor, Engla.nd, a year ago. Full pa.r- I a.m. on August 16 the _,bombardme.nt re-
ticulars of his life and services were given at commenced, and Brock s troops,. m all
the time and need not be recapitulated. He about 1,OO
men, were preparmg tð
t Can ad" b b' t h b t had 40 cross the river, when a flag of truce
00 was a. Ian Y IT , U was sent from Hull, with a letter.
years serVIce :when he took command of the The following is a transcript of the
Royal CanadIans. document.
The remainder of the officers appointed to '" Detroit, Aug. 16. 1812.
the lOOth were from English regiments, and "Gen
1"al Brock
as this paper is not a history of the regi- U I propose a' cessation of hoøtilities
ment, but merely a reminiscence of those for one hour to open a negotiation fOl'
Canadians who were among its first officers, the Surrender of Detroit.
thei:-' ca.reers need not to be referred to. U Yours, etc.,
"WM. HULL,
"B. Gent. Commg."
Accompanying the articles of capita-
lation, is a well executed plan of tile
Fod, drawn January 12, 1812.
The foot-note on the bottom of tbe
TIN! "ar .r 1812-ßrock'" Demand tor the plan reads:-
8arrea.der or DetroU-Tlte <:apUalaUoa. "Not knowing the dimenaiODl of the
-The Ori::lnal Dfled. various parts of the work, it was im-
The story of the capitulation of Fort possible to lay it down by any scale.
Detroit under Major-General Hull, of the It is, however, hoped it will be sufficient
United States army, to Major-General to give a general idea. of its strength
Brock, commanding the British troopI'J in and of the range of its guns."
Upper Canada, which took place on After the flag of truce W8ß sent, Hull
August 16, 1812, when the war of 1812- indited the following explanatory epiø-
14 was but two monthB old,
often I tIe. It is simply an amplifica.tion of the
been rela.ted. Though the story is an one sent with the flag:-
old one, it is always read and re- Detroit, 16th Aug., 1812.
membered with intereat, and the fac I Sir,-The object of the Flagg, whieh
similel!l of the articles of capitulation I passed the River, was to prop
e a Cefl-
which are reproduced from the original sation of hostilities for one hour for the
documents themselvel!l, kindly lent by purpose of entering into a negociation
Mr. Christopher Robinson, of Beverley for the Surrender of Detl'Oit.
House, will be studied with ple8ßure by Yours, etc.,
all those who are interested in the his- WM. HULL, B.-Geø.'L,
tory of their country. Com'g.
On August 15, ] 812. General Brock had Gen'l Brock.
his headquartel"ll at Sandwich, and from It is a. IIOmewha.t singular circumst.a.ce
there addressed to General Hull, who W8.l!l I that of aU those who signed thoøe artl

in command of the United Stateø forcee not one øerved throughout the .tlre
on the opposite side, a peremptory de- war. The United States officen wve.
mand .. for the immediate surrender of of course, precluùcd from doin
110 th

CHAPTER CCLXXXVIL
CAPTURE OF DETROIT.

1114 LAND
lARKS OF TORONTO.

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LANDl.IARKS OF TORONTO.

1115

their terms of tbeir parole. Brock and I documents exact lac similes are gi veil,
Macdonnell feU just two months later at I reads as follows:-
Queenston Heights, and Major Glegg was i Camp at Detroit, 16th August, 1812.
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ooueluðed. Detroit, entered into between Major-
The text of the capitulations, of which General Brock, commanding His Brit-

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LA}JVM:ARKS OF TORONTO.

annick Maje8ty'8 forcc8 on the one part, I 8rd. Priv-ate }K'r80ml and property of
and Erip;adier-General Bull, command- every dp!lCription will be re1'lpected.
log the North-Western Army of the unite , 4th. Bis Excellency Brigadier General
ed States on the other part. Hull having expressed a desire that a
18t. Fort Detroit, with all the troopø, detachment from the State of Ohio en itø
regular as well as militia, will be im- way to join his army. as well &8 one .ent
mediately surrendered to the Briti8h from Fort Detroit under the command of
forces under the command of Major-Gen- I Colonel McArthur, should be included in

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era) Broek, aad will be considered Pris- I the above capi
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oner. of war, with the exceptioll of such aKreed to. It 111, however, to
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part Elf the O
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who have ROt ioiaed fie army. as have not Jomed the 8;rmy wIll be per
2114. Ail publie stores, arms and public
i
ted to return to. tkell' homes on C?ft-
documenta, iDClucJiul everything else of dlÌlOD that t
ey will Rot serve d.urlD<<
a pubJic nat..re will M immediately I the war. their arml'l, however, wIll

Chell up. " delivered up if belongin
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LANDMARKS OF TORONTO,

1117

6th. The Garrison will march out at I General Hull proposed several addi-
the hour of twelve o'cleck this day and tions to the articles of capitulation, whick
thc British forces will take immediate reads thus:-
possession of the }'ort. . . . "Additions proposed by General Hull.
I, MACDONELL, Lt. Co1. Mihtia, P.A.D.C. "All British subjects who have taken
I. B. GLBGG, Major A.D.C. protection under the American Govern-
JAMES MiLLER, Lt. Co1. 5th U. S. Inf'try. mcnt to sustain no injury in consequence
E. BURCH, Colonel, Com'g 1st Reg. thereof.
Approved. Michiga.n Militia. " No person of this Army to be consider-
W. HULL,B. Gen'ICom'gtheN.W.Army. 1 ed otherwise than as a prisoner of war.
Approved. IsAAc BROOK. Major General. "
'he Army to march out of the garri-

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1119
!Sou with the honours of war, and ever I .
ind
Yidual to be protected against thY
obv l e appears to have been to "let
IndlallB.... e u
se f down"
s e&8ily as possible.
The drIft of the first and second of I 'I be two followmg supplemental articles
these proposed additions was to protect :eJe Jß

d, tho
g.h. referring to the Obio
those men belonging to Hull's arm wh I n IC
gan mIhba:-
were of British birth, from the p
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nl'!cl"lbed, these two documents read

LA
DMARKS OF TORONTO.

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FAC SIMILE OF GEN'. 'BRO('K'S LETTER TO FRIE '-T DS -ncr

, .I.J.' ENGLAND.
enr
rc(>d npon those who are uilt f .

akmg up arID8 agaiust their o
n y 0 I An 8;rbcle. supplemcntal to the article.
cry

n. Hull evidently thought thecf.uni 0 1 f 6 CaIJltulntlOn concluded at Detroit the
addItIon not s11fficient! co .' IrS th of August, 1812. '

de
the second. Nelher
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o I d.1t is tf
eed o
hat .t
e. officers amI 1'101-
e. ut propol'!ed addition was sim I' IerS 0 e hlO mIlItIa and volunteers
an Impossible one to accede to H f.. Y ehall
e permitted to proceed to their
. u s respectIvc homes on this condition, that

H20

LA
DMARKSOFTORONTß

they are not to serve · during the pres- Contemporaneom:ly with bis proclam"n-
ent war unless they are exchanged. tion, Sir Isaac Brock indited a. hasty
W. HULL, B. General, note to his brotherø in England.
Commanding N. \V. Army U.S. The greater portion of this letter is
ISAAC BHOGK, Major-General. merely a repetition of Brock's deepatch
.Seven words expunged before eigning. to Sir George Prevost. It reads thus:
1. B. Headquarters,
W. H. Detroit, August 16, 1812.
The f3Upplementary article refenl to l\Iy Dear Brothers and Friends,
the Michigan militia, and its terms are Rejoice at my good fortune and join me
identical with the first. in prayers to Heaven. I send you a copy
Consequent upon the capture of Detroit, of my hasty note to Sir George.
Brock published a proclamation to the "I hasten to apprize your Excellency
people of that city and the State of of the capture of this very important
Michigan regarding what would be re- Post. 2,500 troops have this day Sur-
quired of them. As will be seen, it was rendered Prisoners of War, and about 25
concise, and said in plain words ,vhat I pieces of ordnance have been taken with-
had to be done by all concerned. l out the sacrifice of a drop of British
The following is the text of the pro- blood. I had not more than 700 troops,
clamation. It will be noticed that in I including Militia and about 700 Indians,
the subscription the words "and seal" to accomplish this service. When I de-
have been obliterated, that it simply tail my good fortune, your Excellency
reads, .. Gi ven under my hand," with the will be astonished. I have been admir-
date, followed by the sigw1.ture of the ably supported by Colonel Proctor, the
victorious genE'ral: whole of my staff, and I may justly say
PROCLAMATION. every individual under my command."
ny Isaac Brock. Esquire, Major-General, Let me hear you are all united and
commanding His Majeety's forces in happy. ISAAC B---.
the Province of Upper Canada, &c., &c., The following foot-note to General
&c. Brock's letter was added by the late Sir
Whereas thf' territory of Michigan WM J. B. Robinson:
this day by r.npitulation ceded to the "This," meaning the original letter,
arms of His Britannick Majesty without "was kindly sent to me in March, 1846.
any other condition than the protection by F. B. Tupper, Esq., as an interesting
of private property-and wishing to give autograph of bis uncle, Major-General Sir
an early proof of the moderation of jus- Isaac Brock." J. B. R.
tice of the Government, I do hereby an- To make this sketch complete, there
nounce to all the inhabitants of the said are here given reproductions of the en-
territory that the laws heretofore in I dorsements on the various documents.
existence shall continue in force until His ThE' duplicates of the treaty of capitu-
Majeety's pleasure be known-or so long lation are thus endorsed:
II-S the peace, safety of the said territory
will admit thereof. And I do hereby
also declare and make .known' to the
eaid inhAbita.nts that they shall be pro-
tected in the full exercise and enjoyment
of their religion-Of which all persons
both civil and military will take notice
and govern thcmselves accordingly.
All persons having in their possession
or baving any knowledge of any public
property shall forthwith deliver in the
same or give notice thereof to the officer
commandiug or Lt.-Co!. Nichol, who are
hereby duly authorized to receive and
give paper receipts for the same.
Officers of militia will be held respon-
sible that all a.rmi in p088e88ion of
militia-men be immediately delivered up,
and all individuals whatever who have
in their po6SE'ssion arms of any kind will
deliver them up without delay.
Given under my hand · · · at De-
troit, this sixteenth day of August, 1812,
and in the fifty-second year of His
:Majesty's reign.
ISAAC BROCK, Major-General.

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LANDMARKS OF TORONTO,

1121

Aß will be seen. these are all but iden- I There are various other endorsements
tical in every respect. of which fac-simile repreøentationø are
The supplemental articles were aleo en- here given. The last of these three iø in
dorsed, apparently by the øame person, the handwriting of Sir John Beverle1
thua : Robinson:

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In eoncluding thfe hløtory of the caP"' 1 posal of The Evening Telpgt'am the or-
ture of Detroit, the kindness of Mr. igiDAI documentß mating to thÏ8 great
Obriøtopher RobiDØOn, Q.C., IIOD of the eveDt In Canadian history, is bea.rtii7
lAte c11ief justice, in placing a.t the dis- and re4!lpectfully acknowledged.

11

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

I broad, aristocratic avenue
, its grand
public bu.ildings and educational inøti-
tutions, its unsurpassed Ichool sy.tem,
How 1& bas GrowR-bcreAsed Over 600 per its stately priv
tl' mansions and its
..t. hI. 28 Years-FArly Assessments- I grand commercial aBd ehipping facilitiel'J,
Three Different lUetbotl
. I glories in a small beginning. Torouto,
Like the sturdy oak in the forest, which which at the present time embraceø with-
.prang from the tiny acorn, Toronto, the in its boundaries territory extendinK over

CHAPTER CCLXXXVIII.
TORONTO'S ASSESSMENT.

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GROW,", OJ!' TORO"l'l'O'Ø ASS1!SSMEX'I'
-þ&t eoovention city of Canada., the 161-2 square mUeø, waa. originally a
pride of Onta.rio, can to-day, in all its I very small place. The hJ'8t town plot
Iplendour and magnificence, with iu I waø in the form 01 & J>aJ'allel
am.

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LAND)lARKS OF TORONTO.

1123

IJing within the limit
of Ontario I!Itreet I ket value of all property, and taxes were
on the east George I!Itreet on the wel!lt, I collected upon a percentage of that
Duchese str
et on the north and Front I value. In 1834 the entire Msessment
sheet on the south. That was ante- of rateable property (real and personal)
cedent to 1797, in which year President I in the city was t186,496. The rate for
HUMell issued an official order for the that and the two succeeding yearl'! was
enlargement of the town, then known as I 3d on the pound. The eollection of taxea
York. Weetward the star of empire took in 1834 amounted to t3,450 16s 6d, or
its course, and in 1798 the western city I about $17,254 in currency. By way of
limit had extended to :Peter etreet, with comparÌBon, it may be sta.ted that the
the northern limit reaching to Queen taxea levied in 1894 were over $2,400,-
street. 000. In 1838 the mode of aBResBiüg
York prospered exceedingly in the early Wa.! changed, so that only upon the ac-
years of itø intereating history, speedily Iual rental derived from property WM
acquiring renown M a "meeting place," the valuation made. As a consequence,
which WM Bignified by its early Indian the total Msessmeüt dropped from $218,-
name. It must have taken on the evil 090 to $71,081.
auxiliaries of civilization without wast- Then M now, a low MSel!lSment render-
ing much valuable time, for in 1817, by ed necessary a high rate of taxation,.
enactment pa.søed in the fiftY-l!Ieventh and the rate bounded from 3d on the
year of the reign of George III., York pound to 1B 1 1-2d on the pound. Thee
was proclaimed a police town. About citizell8 were progressive: I!IO also was
this time the .outherly boundaries were the tax rate, and in 184:1 it is found
widened beyond Front street to include that the property owners are paying Is
the beach eal!lt of .. RUl!Isell's Creek," which 2d on the pound. In 1849 a great con-
meandered through the eaBt end of the flag ration destroyed a. large amount of
old Parliament grounds, close to Simcoe property, cauøing an immense deprecia-
street. Fourteen yea.r. later the western tion in the assel!lsment. To meet the
boundary waa extended to a point which deficiency, the municipal fathers incre8.B-
is to-day reprel'!ented by Tecuml!leth ed the rate. In 1831 it had reached
street. East, west, north and south has 18 9 1-2d on the pound. Upward and
the city steadily grown. still upward it climbed with constant
In 1834 "the daughter of the Don put strides. In 1853 it had attained the
her queenly garments on," haTing at- altitude of 2s 3d on the pound, and waa
tained to the Crown and dignity of a Btill ascending. A year later the even
city. At the time of incorporation '1'0- 8s werC demanded, and, of course, paiù.
ronto W8.8 divided into five ward.!!. All Then a halt was called. The bills were
the territory east of Yonge street was evidently growing with too much pre-
included in St. David and St. Lawrence cipitancy to Buit the timel!l, and so a
WR r(}g, King .treet being the interl!lect- ehift was made. Currency was adopted,
ing line, West of Yonge etreet St. Pat- and the first rate under the dollars and
!"ick's Ward embraced all the property cents system waM 14 8-4 cents all the
north of Queen etreet; St. Andrew's Ward dollar. In 1864 the maximum figure
was the Sandwich district, between Queeu WM reached-22 1-2 cents on the dollar.
and Kiug; f:'t, George's Ward being the Probably about that time there was
nU)6t southerly section. In 1847 St. universal protestation from the taxpay-
James' Ward waø established, Rnd in ers for the present method of the a88eS8-
1
53 the .. Noble Ward" of St. .John ment was introduced in 1867. High
sprang into existence. Five years later a.ssel!lf!ment and a correspondingly low
the Liberties were aboli.øhed. The Lib- rate of taxati.Jll became the l"E'cognized
el,tief! reprel!lented the districtl!l I!Ikirting basis.. The initial rate under this sys-
the bounùariea of the city. The abolition tem was 15 mills on the dollar, the
of Libel"ties brought the College avenue lowe8t was 14 miils ou the dollar in
anù Queen'l'! Park into the city, WI they 1874, the highe!jt was 191-2 mills on the
were part of the Liberties. dollar in 1877.
Historical reeearch among the tomes I Increases due to the annexation of
amI archives that are zealou!!l1y guarded suburbs were as follows: 1883, Yorkville,
by City Clerk Blevillf
affords a wealth $2,552,198; 1884. Brocktou, $447,037;
of intereeting information to the archaeo- Riverside, $311,750; 188
, Parkdale,
logically inclined student of the early hÜl- $3,203,636.
tory of Toronto. The accompanying sketch illuøtratee
The object of this sketch iø to outline the annual growth of the asseßl>mcnt aince
by chart and figures the growth of the the present method was adopted in 1861.
city'e 8J!1SCSsmellt. Since 18
4 there The charts are designed to a øcale 80 to
have been three methods Rdopted of lUak- demonstrate the proportionate increase or
ill
the Lwsessments, Betwpen 1834 aùd I decrNlse of the tlSRes:'ml'lIt frow year to
1
37 thl' aSHessors detl'rrniu\.'d the mar- :rear.

1124

LAND
IARKS OF TORl)NTO.

The Mayors of the city from 1867 to 1895
åave been as follows :-
1867-8.... .. . James E. Smith.
1869-70 . . . . . . S. B. Harman.
1871-2 ...... . Joseph Sheard.
1873. ...... .Alexander Manning.
1874-5.... .. . Frantis H. Medcalt.
1876-7 -8. ... . . Angus Morrison.
1879-80.... . . James Beaty.
1881-2..., .. . William B. Mcl\Iurrich.
1883-4...... . Arthur R. Boswell.
1885 . . . . . . . . . Alexander Manning.
1886-7 . . . . . . , William H. Howland.
1888-9-90-91. . Edward }'. Clarke.
1892-3.. " . . .Robert J. Fleming.
1894-6.... .. ,Warring Kennedy,
CH APTE
CCLXXXIX.
AN OLD DOCUMENT.

.l Prenllssnry
ote eC 1834-Ho,,. file C'It) fl'
'1'..r..nt. Bals.." MOJu'y In tlu" Yenr or Its
IneerporatioD.
An old doc umel'l t, in the ehape of a
promie80ry note, dated 26th September,
1884, hae lately bC'en uneartheù. It sboWIJ
tha.t in the first year of it.!! incorpor-
ation the city of Toronto received finan-
cial aid from a. local bank, which at
tliat time WRI'I a wel1-known in!!titution.
The particulars of the note issued for
the corporation of the city oi Toronto on
October 6th, 1834, by tbe Mayor a m1
others, as on record in 'tbe bookl!l of the
Civic TreßðUry Department, arc as fol-
Jowø :
PromiMory nQte in favour of Messre.
George Tru8Cott; John Cleveland, Green
& Co., for f:500, dated niøety day!!! from
26th September, 1834, and. due 28th De-
cember, 1834. but not paid until .Janu-
ary 318t, ] 835.
Di!!COunt on note paid October 6th, 1834,
f:7 Is. 5d. '
Intereøt on overdue note paid January
318t, 1835, f:2 15ø. lld.
All the 8igners of the note were mem-
bert! of the City Council for 1834, and
well-known citizenø. William Lyon Mac-
kenzie was Mayor and alderman for St.
David'ø Ward. In thOf!e dayø the mayor
was eleeted from amongst the aldermen.
JohB Arllll!ltrlolng, Thom88 D. Morrison,
M.D., chairman of the Finance Commit-
tee, and John Doel were aldermen and
councilman reøpectively for St. Andrew'ø
Ward. T. D. Morri!!!on W8.ß mayor in
1836. He lived on Richmond etreet, aLd
was a well-known Torontonia>>. John
Doel waf! the owner of Doe!'ø bre wery,
and lived in the hoWte now øtanding on
the north-wellt corl
er of Adelaide and
Bay streets. In the rear of hiø houøe

tood the brpwery, in which Mme of the
meetings preliminary to the rebellion of
1
37 were held.

James Le!!!slie WflØ alderman aud Frank-
lin Jackeø and Colin Dnmmolld council-
men for St. David's Ward. James 'LelI1I-
lie was 6ne of the firm of Leefllie Bros.,
and brother of lir, Joøeph Lee8lie, th

late IJUStmMter of Toronto. Mr. Frank-
lin Jackes liTcd on King øtreet ea.!!t in
the early day!!!, but removed afterwardø
to Eglinton, and wu the father of the
Jackcs family, who for many yean livel1
on the eaet lIide of YOli.ge etreet in Eglin-
ton, Mr. Colin Drummond re.ided on the
north-west corUf"r of Victoria. and Rich-
mond streets. He wae a lumber merchant.
It was at the great fire whicù occurred
in his lumber yard on Yonge etreet, op-
poiste Trinity equar(", in the early I!ixtiel'l
that William Charlton, of the fire bri-
gade, was killed, Thomas Carfrae, jr.,
and Edward Wright were the aldermen
and Geol'g
Gurl1ett councilman for St.
George's Ward. Mr. Gurnett WßII a]80
ma
rOl' in 1837, ]848, 1849 and 1850,
and later was police magistrate of the
cit.,.. James Carfrae Wa."! formerly col-
lector of the port, and lived on the west
Bide of Scott strcet, in the little eottage
which was afterwardt! occupied by th("
late Stedman B. Campbell. The cWltom
house of thrnle day. wall a small red
brick building, immediately eMt of John
Macdonald &; Co.'!!!, on Front street. Ed-
ward Wright WM one of the early in-
habitants of York. He waa a member
of the old Queen'ø Rangers, and cJuring
hill life was eaid to be the earlief!t in-
habitant of York, He lived in th

ot-
tage which 8tood on the north-wcst Cor-
oor of Front and John etreets, in rear
of what W8i!! known WI the Greeuland
Fisherief! tavern, which he also kept for
yea reo
William Artburs al1d J. G. Beard were
the councilmen for St. Lawrence Ward.
Wi1liam Arthur. waB the father of the
I late Co]. Arthur'!!, and Mr. Beard was
, mnyor in ]854. He was the father of the
MeE;srø. Ben I'd, of thie city.
John E. TinlloJ, M. D., aud G. T. Denison,
Sr., were aldermen for St. Patrick's Warrl
and James Tratter W3e one of itø coun-
cilmen. He was leesee of the market for
many yea rB.
The ra tc roll of Toronto for 1834
ho"rf!
the rating of those named ill the pro-
missory note, f!0 that doubtless the bank
had good eecurity for the money ad-
va nced.
,le8Sr!!!. Truscott &. Green repre-
øf"nted the Agricultura] Bank, which waR
øitua ted on Front etreet. The directors
were Edward Truscott and Johu Cleve-
land Green. H. J. Hens]eigh was cashier,
There waø 'in eXf'h:\1lg-e office adjoining
the Ag-ricultura] Bank.
The following gentkmen com}lm!ed tÞP
firBt City Council of Toronto after it!! in-
corporation W!I a city in 1
3,1 .

<\ f'R<H!lS":OR\-
OTE OF ]83.....

"p. 11
4. )

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

1125

Mayor- "'illiam Lyon Mackenzie.
St. Andrew'/!! Ward-Aldermen, Thomas
Morrison, M.D., John Harper; Councilmen,
John Armstrong, John Doel. Tb
Brougb House - Two Sl..
oe Mreet
St. David's Ward-Aldermen, William L. D"f'llIugs-Sn..a. RO::f'rsnnd.JolmSlaea.
Mackenzie, J ame/!! Lesslie; Councilmen,
Franklin Jackes, Colin Drummond. I Fifty yeal'8 lIince stood on the south-
St. George's Ward-Aldermen, Thomas east corner of Adelaide and Simcoe
Carfrae, jr., Edward Wright; Councilmen, II!Jtreets, with the principal entrance in
John Craig, George Gurnett. the latter thoroughfare, the comfortable
St. Lawrence Ward-Aldermen, George rough-calJt house, built and occupied
Monro, *George Duggan, sr" "William about 1844 by Mr. Seckel' Brough, bar-
Cawthra; Councilmen, William Arthurs. rister, for many years Principal of the
')Lardner Boetwick, ?Joehua G. Beard. Court of Probate, and afterwards county
St. Patrick's Ward-John E. Tims, M.D., judge of Huron and Bruce, he then remov-
George T. Denison, sr.; Councilmen, Joseph, ing to Goderich. Mr. Brough's office in
Turton, James Trotte.r. I Toronto wu at firat on the south side
Dr. Rolph refused to be sworn into office of King I!Jtreet, near York street, but for
after being elected, and Dr. Tims w
a great number of year81 in the Welling-
elected in hÍ8 stead, taking his øeat on I ton Chamberø, on Wellington street, Mr.
April 215. Juatice Brough died in January, 1879.
Civic Officialø-J ames Hervey Price. I There was a spacious garden on the

CHAPTER CCXC.
SOME OLD-TIME RE'SIDENCE5.

.. ..;... -

BROUGH HorSE, SIMCOl<
STREET, 1845.

City ClerIc; :Matthew Walton and Andrew i Simcoe street side of 1\1.. Brough's house.
T,
lcCord, chamberlain; Charles Barn- I Indeed, at that time, Simcoe Btreet,
hart, governor of the jail; Wm. Higgins, I Wh08C name had only just been
chief of police. changed from Graves street, WM
Mr.
Iatthew Walton was chamberlain almost in the country. Some years
until his death, which occurred in July, I I later Mr. Brough had fdr hie neigh-
1834, when he was succeeded by Mr.
lc- bour Mr. Clarke Gamble, who lived on
Cord, who co.ntinued in office until 18ï 4, I the. same side ?f the street. In 1845-6, the
when he resigned,
Ir. Samuel B. Har- perIod. now bemg referred to, there were
man being appointed to fill the vacancy. I very few hou
s, indeed, on Simcoe street.
!II health forced the retirement of :hI 1', , South of Mr. Brough lived W. A. C. Myers,
Harman in 1888, and Mr, Richard T. the printer. Myers was connected at one
Coady, then Assistant City Treasurer, was time with printing the Church newspaper.
promoted to the pOBition. in an office at the ba,ck of No.5, now No.
10 King atreet west. Passing' Adelaide
-The courts ullseated Mr. George Dug- street, there were only one or two very
gan. :vtd declare1 Mr. Cawthra duly en- <<mall hOUBes on the same side of the
titled to the s('at. I street until Richmond street W8.8 reach-
?Mr. J. G. Beard was elected on Sep- ed, and then came two substantial
tember 15, in place of Mr. BOBtwick, de- I brick houB('s built some sixty years
ceased, ago, QIle of them, the southern, with tbe

1126

LAND
IARJ{S OF TORO
TO.

archpd doorway, shown in the illustration. well-known Hugh Scobie, lived there, and
occupied bJ Mr. John J08eph, father of later still Dr. Lucius O'Brien occupied it
the latE' Frank Joseph, whOBe death by a until 1859, when he removed to Quebec.
railway accident in the early days of 189:í On the BOuth-east corner of Queen and
WM so universallJ' dE'plo1'E'd. Mr. Joseph Simcoe street8 is a wooden house, now
was, when in England, privatE' sE'cretary used M a fee{l and corn store, which
to William Wilberforce, the philanthrop- WM once a. fashionable residence. There-
ist, subElcquently in governmental employ. in resided, almost as S03n as it was erect-
ment in the Colonial Office, and came to ed, about 1820, Rev. JOBeph Hudson, chap-
thi'3 country with Sir Fran
i8 Bond-Head lain to the foI'Ce& Subsequently Colonel
in 1836 as hil'l private secretary. While Horton, H.M. 16th Regiment, lived in it.
bere he married MisfI Hagerman, daughter and BO did .afterwards Captain Halket,
of Mr, Justice Hagerman, anð sister of I Coldstream Guards, A.D.C. to Sir Francis
the late Mrs. John Beverley Ro
inson. Bond-Hpad and Sir George Arthur in IIUC-

T\\ 0 SIMCOE STREICT RESIDEYCES.

MI1!. Josevh died about 1838, and Mr. ce&'!ion. Captain Halket married a {laugh-
JOBeph, who afterwards became clerk of tel' of Colonel Moodie, who W8.ð killed in
the Executive Council, removed elsewhere. the rebellion. He returned to Engla.nd
Afterwards, very early in 1841, this same about 1842.
housp passed into the occupation of Mr. I '1'0 change the locality, but also half
John HobertBon, dry goods merchant, a century since, stood on the eastern
<m the west side of Yonge street, just side of Bay street, just north of where
f50uth of King street. Mr. Robertson lived
the stables are now which adjoin the
there until 1850, or the early I Molsons Bank, the frame cottage of
months of 1851, when he removed to Samuel Rogers, the painter. Rogers built
the next house north, also shown in the . the house about' 1840-41, and resided
engraving. remaining there until he went I there until his death, which occurred
to ð. house he hitIUlelf built on the west- about twenty years since. He W8.8 a
('rn side of John street. Afterward!'!, about tradesman of the old school and was
1854-5, Mrs. Justina Scobie, widow of the hi
hly respected. He charl[ed a
ood

LAKD.MARKS OF TORO
TO. 112i

1128

LANDMARKS OF TORONTO.

price and did excellent work. Rogers was 0.1- 1 plied for hire throughout the city. Shea'scarta ,
ways on very intimate terms with the boys at as well as those of other owners, used to stand
Boyd'sschool hard by and was fond of hearing at the foot of Y onge street, near the Custom
their conversation and listening to their jokes I House. Afterwa.rdsShea became a contractor
which he was always rea.dy to applaud. and lived at 109 Seaton street, where he re-
Another old time place was on theeastern maineduntilhisdeath,whi
h took place about

ri
II.

::>
:z:
I 'T'
1 I -<
j

:t;
rIJ
Z
:z:
0

l-
I/)

c
"

corner of Palace and Caroline streets, now 1 1874. His son, also John, took orders in tbe
known respectively
Fronta!ld Sherbourne Roma!l Cat?olic body, an
asF.ther
heaof
atreets in the occupatIOn of John Shea. Shea St. MiChael s and St. Paul s, was held 1D well
Wa.1 a
arter a. class of tradesmen who have I deserved esteem. He and his father were
been auperse'ded by express waggolls and rail- both of them popular and useful men.
way lorries. He had several carts and they