^S-x

^*vst;^

*«^ V -*^>^^ >>

\' * N

iS^H^SfiAgMftiSS

LAMD QUESTION
*I^#?X A M I N AT 1 0 N

<^v

GLUT I Q N.,J

REESE LIBRARY

I

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA.

^ . , JUN 14 1893 o f

Received , lag .

^Accessions Noy' ^92^^ . Class No. . j

PLAN OF FARM

"^St^'&ik

THE

LAND QUESTION:

ITS EXAMINATION AND SOLUTION,

FROM AX AGRICULTURAL FOINT OF VIEW,
AS ILLUSTRATED BY TWENTY-THREE YEARS' EXPERIENCE

ON THE

WILTON HOUSE HOME FARM,

NEAR SALISBURY, WILTS,

BY

The Right Honourable

The Lord Herbert and Lady Herbert of Lea.

ANALYZED BY

THOMAS J. ELLIOT, M.R.A.C., F.H.A.S.,

PROFESSOR OF ESTATE MANAGEMENT AT THE ROYAL AGRICL LTUKAL

COLLEGE, CIRENCESTER ;

AND RESIDENT AGENT ON THE SOUTHWICK PARK ESTATE, HAMl'SllIUE.

CASSELL & COMPANY, Lii^jitki)

LONDON, PARIS d; NBW YORK.

[all rights RESERVED.]

THE

LAND QUESTION:

ITS EXAMINATION AND SOLUTION,

FROM AN AGRICULTURAL POINT OF VIEW,
AS ILLUSTRATED BY TWENTY-THREE YEARS' EXPERIENCE

ON THE

WILTON HOUSE HOME FARM,

NEAR SALISBURY, WILTS,

BY

The Right Honourable

The Lord Herbert and Lady Herbert of Lea.

ANALYZED BY

THOMAS J. ELLIOT, M.E.A.C., F.H.A.S.,

PROFESSOR OF ESTATE MANAGEMENT AT THE KOYAL AGRICVLTURAL

COLLEGE, CIRENCESTER ;

AND RESIDENT AGENT ON THE SOUTHWICK PARK ESTATE, HAMI'SIIIUE.

CASSELL & COMPANY, Lojited

LONDON, PARIS d; NBW YORK.

[all rights RESERVED.]

v\^.

-.>^c^

^^

V"

^/f ^^

TO

CHARLES HENRY WYNDHAM A^COURT REPINGTON, Esq.

[The surviving Executor io the Rigid Honourable the
Lord Herbert of Lea.)

Deaii Sir,

It has been my privilege to analyze the accounts of twenty-
three years' (1850 to 1873) experience of farming on the Wilton House
Home Farm, near Salisbury, by Lord and Lady Herbert of Lea. As
Professor of Estate Management I have lectured upon the history and
results of the farm to the students of the Royal Agricultural College,
Cirencester. The facts derived from the analysis thereof are so com-
pletel}^ at variance with the opinions of land-owners, land-occupiers, land
agents, and the agricultural community generally in respect to the Land
Question, that I venture to make known the important facts as they
occurred on the above farm. In so doing I wish most emphatically to
remind my readers that I treat oi fads only, and not estimates.

I have the honour to remain.

Your faithful and obedient servant,

THOMAS JOHN ELLIOT.

SouTHwicK, Fareham, Hants,
July 1, 1884.

PREFACE.

The work I now place before my readers lias, in a great measure,
formed tlie subject-matter of lectures delivered by me to the
Students of the Eoyal Agricultural College at Cirencester.
Through the kindness of the Earl of Pembroke in granting
me permission to make use of the facts obtained from the
accounts of the Wilton House Home Farm during a period
of twenty-three years, and with the assistance of Mr. Wm.
Robson, late Agent of the Pembroke Estates in England,
who has throughout given me the benefit of his valuable
experience, I have been able to examine and solve the Land
Question in its bearings upon agriculture. The history of
the farm, the system of management pursued, and all the
facts derived therefrom are fully given, affording in their
detail excellent matter for instruction to the student of
agriculture.

No special merit is claimed for more than ordinary farming;
there being in the kingdom a great many farms managed as
well, and producing equal if not more profitable returns when
compared with the one in question.

Farming is shown to have been a profitable occupation
from 1850 up to and including 1873.

The quantities produced during the 23 years, with the
gazetted prices for 1883 attached, show a profit ; and the
estimated quantities for 1884, with prices equal to the
actual cost of production, also leave a profitable amount in
favour of the farm.

If it is true that " what has been done " in the natural
order of things " may be done again," then the results obtained

upon the Wilton House Home Farm ought to encourage the
tenant-farmer of the present day.

There is, however, that little word "if" to be faced, and it
says to both landlord and tenant : " If you use sufficient capital
in farming, you will be able to compete with low prices, and
stand safely against a series of bad seasons."

The common question, " Can corn be profitably grown in
England at the present low prices ? " is herewith answered in
the affirmative. The only way to encourage capital to flow into
agriculture is to prove that farming is a profitable occupation.

This is shown to be so in the case of the Wilton House
Home Farm, and it is on this fact alone I claim that I have
solved, so far as agriculture is concerned, " The Land Question."

With a judicious application of capital in farming, the
old couplet, somewhat altered to the circumstances of the case,
remains true, namely : —

" There's food, and uo doubt ou't,
As much iu the land
As ever came out on't."

THOS. J. ELLIOT.

SouTHWiCK, Fareham, Hants.
188i.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Plan of Farm ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Frontispiece,

First Section of Accovnts from Michaelmas, 1850, to Michaelmas, 1870, page

TOGETHER WITH 1871 TO 1873, ALSO ApPENUIX THERETO, AND CoNCLVSIONS 11

Second Section of Accounts from Michaelmas, 1873, to Michaelmas, 1883,

SHOWING FALL IN VALUE OF CeREALS AND RISE IN PRICE IN THE PRODUCTION

OF Meat, and the consequent Results applied to the circumstances

OF the Farm in question in the Tr.\nsposition of Prices ... ... 39

Third Section of Accounts, showing, in Six Di.vgrams, viz., the Products

OBTAINED IN CeREALS BETWEEN 1850 AND 1870 AT CoST PrICES, INCLUDING

Interest on Capital employed under the circumstances attending
Wilton House Farm, also a Diagr.ui showing Increased Production
realised at the above Prices ; together with Schedules showing the
comparative per-centages realised on the Three Sections op Accounts
already Illustrated 53

Exposition to First Section of Accounts from Michaelmas, 1850, to

Michaelmas, 1873, together with its Appendix and Conclusions ... 65

Stock Accounts, givixg further details as regards Sheep, Cattle, Swine,

AND Poultry... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... 73

General Appendix and Addenda to Wilton House Home Farm Accounts from
Michaelmas, 1850, to Michaelmas, 1873 (113 to 132), viz.. Recapitulation
of Stock Accounts...

Analysis of the Soils of the Farm by Sir Lyon Playfair, C.B., F.R.S.

Diagram showing Minute Division of Labour Sheet of Farms

Sheep Account. — Sale Quantities an.\lysed ...

Fattening Cattle Experiments ...

Cereal Crops. — Area under Cultivation Yearly ...

Ditto. Quantity of Grain grown per Acre

Ditto. Quantity of Straw ditto

Ditto. Price realised per Bushel ...

Ditto. Weight per Bushel ...

Horse Corn and Horse For.vge ...

Manual Labour, nifsTiiiBUTioN of, over Crops and Stock...

Horse Labour, distribution over Farm, Park, and Demesne, Game, Dairy
AND Estate ...

Horse Labour, distribution over Crops and Stock

Game Damages Key to distribution over several Crops

115
116
119
120
121
127
127
127
128
128
129
130

131
131
132

FIRST SECTION OF ACCOUNTS,

FKOM

MICHAELMAS, 1850, to MICHAELMAS, 1870,
Together with 1871 to 1873.

ALSO,

APPENDIX THERETO, and CONCLUSIONS.

THE LAND QUESTION.

INTRODUCTION.

The aim of this work is to show tliat cereals can be profitably
o^rown in this country even when sold at low quotations in con-
junction with the production o£ butchers^ meat at the present range
<jf prices. The farm, as to its position and the variety of its soils,
may be taken as a type of one of an inferior class of farms on the
vast estates in Wiltshire of George Robert Charles, thirteenth Earl of
Pembroke, and tenth Earl of Montgomery. It was held with Wilton
House Park and Demesne Grounds until Lord Herbert's death, after-
wards by Lady Herbert of Lea until Michaelmas, 1873, and sub-
sequently (but not recorded in these accounts). It adjoins the Park,
and is situated between it and the Warren Woods (game coverts).
It has a northern aspect, and occui)ies the face of a hill midway
between the Water-meadows in the Valley at Wilton, and the
Downs and Woods on the summit of the surrounding hills.

FARM.

A. ]

AREA OF

The Homestead and Four Cottages ... —

Hookland Arable (lands adjacent to

water-meadows and Homesteads of

the best quality ... ... ... 19 3 32

Field Arable (lands adjoining, or next

in quality to Hookland) ... ... 103 3 13

Down Arable (lands situated between

Field Arable and Down Pasture,

parts of which were formerly Downs) 74 3 19

Field i^asture (nil)

Downs (sheep walks or pasturages)
Occupation Roads and Wastes, also Carriage Drives ...
The Spring-feed (only) of twelve acres, Waaler- meadow
(considered as feeding stuffs, and charged to sheep)

2 1 27

198 2 24

201

0

11

66

0

24

6

1

23

273 2 18

12

d.

THE AMOUNT OF CAPITAL EMPLOYED IN FARMING.

{Including the portion necessarily invested in respect of the Park and Demesne
lahour), viz. : Inventory and Valuntion at Michaelmas, 1850, tahen as between
outgoing and incoming tenant by Messrs. J. Comber and Son.

£

Sheep

Cattle

Pigs

Poultry

Hay and Fodder ...

Stock in Granary ...

Cro^is of Corn, the produce of 1850

Potatoes and Tillages

Working Capital, Dead Stock, &c.

Unexhausted Manures

Cash Current
Total Capital

945

5

0

169

4

0

122

1

0

149

19

H

101

8

7

416

13

9

245

2

lOJ-

862

6

3

3,012

0

10

487

19

2

3,500 0 0

Which, ou 201a. Or. lip., including' the site of homestead, 2a. Ir. 27p.j
and the arable land, 198a. 2r. 24p., in cultivation, equals, per acre,
£17 8s. l^d. ; or otherwise, on 273a. 2r. 18p., the area of the farm,
including- downs and wastes, £12 15s. lOd.

The Hookland Arable consists of a rich loam resting* on a chalky
subsoil, and adjoins the Avater-meadows in the valley, which are about
a mile and a half distant from the homestead ; these soils average about
nine inches in depth, and it may be worthy of remark that the yield in
cereals on an average of years was equivalent to crops grown on soils
twice and three times their depth. The roots grown were found to be
deficient in quantity, but nevertheless nutritious.

The Field and Down Arable Land is a thin calcareous soil, wanting
in texture or adhesiveness which can only be acquired through manage-
ment in cultivation. The analysis showing the resi^ective qualities of
the soils, by Professor Lyon Playfair, in 1846, is given in the Appendix.
The Farm was taken in hand at Michaelmas, 1846. About this period
it was established that the land in this country, under the then existing
system of cultivation, did not supply its fair and proportionate amount of
food for the population, so that the abrogation of the Corn Laws followed
as a consequence.

13

The Farm at that time was in a foul and poor condition. The
ultimate objects for improving the land were fourfold, viz : — (1) To
relieve the labom- market in Wilton parish ; (2) to adjust in a more con-
venient and economical way the horse power engaged in the Park and
Demesne grounds ; (3) with a view of showing the capability of the
farm for increased productiveness ; and (4) to save the tenant further
loss through game.

The crops (irrespective of the Hookland) previous to 1846 were
estimated to have produced 18 or 20 bus. of wheat, 28 bus. of barley, and
from 32 to 36 bus. of oats per acre. The averages from 1850 to 1870
were, however: — Wheat, 32 i bus. per acre; barley, 46 bus.; oats or
dredge, 57|- bus. ; beans or pulse, 37^ bus.

The former estimates were confirmed by two professional valuers,
the late Mr. Thomas Waters, of Stratford-sub-Castle, near Salisbury,
and the late Mr. John Combes, of Tisbury, Wilts, both of whom knew
the farm all their life-time. The rent of the farm was fixed by Mr.
Robson, the agent of the Pembroke estates in England, at £300 per
annum on the produce principle, which was adopted in letting farms on
that estate, subject, nevertheless, to an allowance for manure j)urchased ;
the hay, with the greater part of the straw, roots, and green crops
grown being consumed on the farm. The operation of the scheme is
shown in the Appendix. The rent was greatly in excess of the amount
paid by the former' tenant to the Earl of Pembroke. Mr. Robson
directed the management of the farm, the details of which were ably
carried out by the bailiff, Mr. Thomas Williams. The farm as formerly
managed was scarcely equal to the maintenance of 150 ewes with tne
usual number of chilver or ewe lambs necessary to maintain such an ew)^
flock, the numbers kept between 1850 and 1870 being 312 ewes on the "%,,
average of years, and this average was to be the number kept for stocking x^.
the farm during the following seven years at least. The remainder of
the lambs, and the cull or sale ewes to be drafted off annually, according
to the custom of the neighbourhood. This custom was not adopted
during the twenty-three years of average on the farm in question,
owing to the hilly nature of the ground, and the consequent wear and
tear in drafting off the sheep flock from fold to fold. However, on the
other farms of the estate it was considered the best form of management
for the sheep flock. An additional plot or two of pasture-land would
have improved the farm by providing a nursery for the sheep in adverse
seasons, and also in assisting in bringing earlier to maturity the draught
stock.

\ a

14

The cropping from 1846 to Michaelmas^ 1850, was adapted to suit
the convenience of the Demesne; but in consequence of the extreme
poverty of the soil at Michaelmas, 1850, the land was farmed with the
object of improving- its fertility by increasing the productiveness of the
Water-meadows, the Hookland Arable, and the Field and Down Arable.
The farm proved useful as an auxiliary to the Demesne lands and the
Park Dairy in maintaining three additional horses for the former, and in
wintering the young stock reared for the latter. It must be remembered,
however, that these additional horses assisted farming operations by
affording extra strength during critical seasons. The mode of letting the
farm on the produce principle was made use of by the Right Honourable
Sydney Herbert, as a test in letting the farms on the Pembroke estates.''^

The course of cropping between 1850 and 1863, was that about two-
thirds of the Hookland Arable, and two-fifths of the Field and Down
Arable were in cereals.

Special plots, about thirteen acres in all (called " acres " on the map)
adjacent to the Homesteading, were separately cultivated for roots and
green forage, and about one-sixth in cereals. The roots and green food
from these plots were carted to the buildings, and were consumed by the
working horses and fattening beasts. It was ultimately intended, after
having got the plots into condition, to cultivate them as market gardens,
but this idea was abandoned in consequence of the farm being so much
injured by game from the adjacent covert?;.

The average of the entire j^eriod has been four-ninths of the area in
cereals, and five-ninths in hay, root, and green crops. The accounts from
Michaelmas, 1850, to 187o, have been minutely kept, and the results,
which the following statements show, arise from a system of farming
which may be taken as an exception to the prevailing husbandry of the
neighbourhood, where the production of corn, and the rearing and sale
of draft ewes and lambs is the practice, and fattening of stock the
exception. The recapitulation of the first thirteen years' results shows
that the infertility of the farm was overcome, the produce of cereals per
acre and the quantity of meat produced during that period being equal to
the average of the twenty-three years — viz., from 1850 to 1873 inclusive.

* AVith its result he was in a position to advise his hrother, Eohert Henry, Earl
of Pemhroke and Montgomery, as to his future action consequent ujion the changes
effected in agriculture through the abrogation of the Corn Laws. He also interested
himself, at his cost, in improving the estate by purchasing intermixed adjacent properties
of vast importance to the estate. Further, I must add, he and his mother, Catherine,
Countess of Pembroke and Montgomery, imdertook to a great extent the duty of sup-
plying the temporal and spiritual wants of the poor on the estate, showing thereby a
kindness and forethought for those around them which has rarely been equalled.

u

< K

h-l f^

a c

do CO -1

>o

1

0)

""^

cd

CO t^ Tj<

>.o

0)

11 1 1 ^ I "^ 1 1

n

II II 1 II

<D

0

O (M t^

o

VI ■* C^ CO

CO

^ ^ (M

00

g

,Q O O O CO CO CK

CO

0) '-^

oJ ^^

. CO O O O O CO

o

'» -H 1 ,-H 1 1^1

is

M CO

1 III

•^ a> o CO rt C5

00

ClJ -+1 CO CO C5 Ttl

o

!>.

f— 1 C~1

CO

00

r-jOOOOCDt^ClOO

OO Tfl

o

0

0

CI

0

«

CO

.OOOOTf<t^COC<Irt<

C) CO

o>

0

en

CJ

CO

t^

■" i-H i-H r-l ,— 1 1— 1 i-l 1

CO

•— '

OCOl^t^-5t<CO>OvOOO

<o t^

CO

0

CO

CO

lo

CtJ>O^Tf< (MlMCOt^O

00 00

t^

0

t—

CO

<5

O O .-1 CO (M O CO t^

CO CO

I^

>o

Cl

^

•*

•*

co"

'"'

'-' j

,aO ^

^_^

>C Oi Cl

<u

<— '

a

• f-H 1^

CO

Cl en Cl

S

'"' 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

■"•

aj

C5 CO

CI

0 t-^ j oc

P)

ClJCO ^

CI

CO c^

CO

rJiCl -,|?1

,-;■ O O O l^ CO CO o

CO

<p

'^

• COfMO-#COC5'ti

^

OJ

C5 U3 t^ ^ O 1^ 00

o

CiJ lO CO Tti 1- CI G2

•rf

i-H t— 1 ic »rs CO

GO

'-'

rtlrl

rtlM

.^^,

r;3 00000f— IC0C5'*!

>o ■*

o

o

O)

.-^fOCOO-^iiOCOt^O

t^ t^

■*

o

^

IN.

"— 1 —1 -^ —' ^ 1

00

1

^^

looot^t^.— ii— i-t<coci

00 CO

CI

o

CI

CtJOr^lOO OO-^-^H-*

O 00

C3

o

C5

CO Cq IM (M CO C5 CO t^

CO CI

00

lO

CO

'i''"

"*

co"

'"'

«I<M r-lM

^■OOO -^t^c^OCO

O CI

o

■—1

o

;^>0-*ii-i CiCOCOWCO

O 05

o

00

1 1

„ >0 05 CI Ci I-H CO >0 CI
-+«-*CD(M -*0.— l-tiCO

CI t^

o

—1 00

o

OlrHi— 1 r-Hr-I^CICO

o^-#

iC

co"

co"

-^•^

CO CO

jr

' 0

00 00

>o

o
::::::: :^ :

n

00

g-

p

a> ■
ci ■

c:

::::::: :^ :

: <u :

^ ^

'^

-u ■

.^ .

4J

c;

5P S '?J

c:

o'cs

: i : : i >. r-S^-c

OO

■&, :

0° Ph :

a

J ^ S ^ S

a-

ci

'S O

3 CO

111

CD "

c

-3

cj :
'5

d

41

o
-15

Oj 0

OJ

P

1

.— T ^

Ci)

^

1

o

^

H

00

rt

i^

1— 1

e

ffl

xn

t^

H

►«;

yA

v^

g

«5
00

pes

^

<1

B

fs(

-§

<S

W

g

^

o

«^

M

o

•^

w

f

w

e

P

^

o

>1

W

,s«

!z;

!x

o

^

H

^

h-i

oo

1— 1

h

^

1

^

1^

«

go

m in <M CO

■^ C<1 O O

O O 1-1

rt -HO

~ O C-l CO o o

O -H o o o o

-(< to «o l^

.-£5 TT 1^3 -t<

^^ VO 1— I CO

'tl i-H i-H

Kl*

»Q

lO

00

CO

■—1

O

CO

«rt

"If

Kif !

o

o

'^

o

o

■—1

'-'

CO

"-0

no

t— (

t— <

CO

m'

^

i : : "^ -"t3

' <D r^ T! M

.13 03 "^

±!W g

: H ^ Pi

• m § g ^.&'

.02

: 03 O B

^ ?^ 2 §

■— ( m o o

03 (P O t^j

a Fi H

o.t

,w

r1 a TJ -1-3

OJ P H ^ iJ K. ■— I

P-H

a> ^ o
: =tl d

be

W CD
M JC CO

^ -tJ M =♦-<

end S rt

fl^^

S ^ 5Ph

: a

^r-^''=H OS

o ©

03

rv: CB

' 03

M^ ^j I— I
m

PPh

. 73 C

• ^ o

^ S 00

o ^ . a,hi M :

(M tc ^ ^ O C3 ■

^ s s a^d

■S-^ S -2 o* ° -2

OJD 03 03 3 <^ O =«

<j^ PC? pq cc h^l O pq

^03 ^ g

s^.a 03 o

g f> -M 03

o <» d "=1-1 ^
d-2 d -M 2

C O 03 ^

IC

03 ^ 03

pq

60

2 S"^

aJ

ft ^

■<,<M

S5f«

|co

" ° a;i3Wi^
.3 o b 2 =>_
£ .t^ Pl( (i( .tJ g
Ci5fi Pm

o ~ « .

d ^ o'ri>l TS

idM-^

X 2 O • -H 03 •

- 03 m rt o -S d „,

l^ jO i^ &I 03 f*

'^|lj'^g03S3do§'

'^WPQ 03Q,^J-O3^ g
t>^03'T3, ?, Sb

■" 03'*1,3="-5"*^"*^-

-^asl^l.^g

•p
o

a

-

kV

3

'^

d

^

a

» ! 1 ! i

1 i 1

1 ! I i 1 1 ! i !

! i 1

12

(N

^

iJ+J

^

«<«

CO

. O

■^

<g£

00

PI

<u

d

>o

O

trt

i !

i M i i 1 M 1

1 1 1

l~

-iriwM'

^^

d

C^ 1-

o'

-r"

CI

a

<i

„; ! 1 1 1

— I-

X

i 1 1 i 1 1 ! I 1

1 I

^

3

kl

O

-"»

: a

Ph

<rt

c o

o

^

i <

""^

•"^

I 9>

i s

■C -^ '^ ^ Ci

c^l-f-IM

,

_ —,-, re'— '^1— -I ^-H

t^l"-*

__

i s«

a

t^ '-'

C-.

w

-^ -' — 50 c' d -o t^ CO 0'

•— '' C"?

u^

1 o

0

1 tn]

a

. O «C 05 ~1

CO 00

^ r

■<

.•-^ 01 -0 c- -1 . ^ CO 0

^ ,_

i -J]

<

^" ^H

'-'

;!'

^

'"•-< — "

r- r-

Cl.

CI O 05 CO

O CO

o

M

PM

|'=iJ^c;c: = ecooo

Tti i-H

._

=tJO Ci CC o
CC •>! O) 1— 1

CO CO

w3 '

u

d
oo

1

Jl

_,,__. ._^_, ,.^_.^^

g

-a =0 0 oc' cs' Tt"' 06 0 0 >o

04 0

oi

. „]^^!^^[^„l:q

00

3

"O o t— CO o

H

a

!

O

n

.y — — -.D — CI Ci l^ CC CO

-,0 1-

o5 1^ -l* cc itj

' , CO CO CO — C-. r: 0 Tj< Cl

-rti CO

oc

■ 'ii cc lO I- -.r: 01 -^

1 "

0 CO

CO

""'

t* 0

Mo'cs'cc ^

fci

^ c

3 O lO ^ t^

■4^

f^^

fqcc c-j^-* CO

j ::::::::;

r~t »— '

t

s

o-

0) H

3 c>i o i~ I--

n ro ■* O CO

i :::::::.:

"<

•O O :D 00

i?

Ptr-l !M CO CO

^ a

-'1

h -^ CO -M CO

Cl

5-

00

. yS 50 >o cs

00

•"*

^

« <M <N (N

oc

0

c

*3 •

:S :

2

0
0

o

0

: : : :£^ : : : :

"«

s

0

^ v:

b

£<

0

p

tjj

'« "c

p^ '■

p

; :_^ : C : £ : :

fl i

_c

<

P 1 -1

,o I

t> •

'/!

• : So :J3 : e" . :

'^

T*

5

• 0 -03 -t-l ■ •

scrip

K^

o

. _H . Oj M S . .

o

.? s

it

; ;^ : j; a 0 : :

CO S

H

'>5 S ^ " f= «

^3i

■*^ .c

Pr^" CEil?--^

rt

i

►^ ai 03 O

^ g 1 p ^^^-s::"

-/T

0

-^

"S

0

18

H

ai

W

W

£

W

o

O!

!f5

w

P4

^

Ph

;?;

O

?!

<

•<

«

H

(^

c

c

«

p:

h-i

H

►«

?^

/<

W

W

P5

C

r/:'

M

£/.>

p.

O

^

>^

02

i

Mk

'-'

<N

^- 1 1 1 1

1 i 1

M Mill

1 II 1 1 M II 1

1 1

1 1

(M

j

<

5rt

o

eo

"^

00

u li

S t-

»■■ i 1 1 1

1 1 1 ! 1 1

^<

trt

1 i

1 1 1 ; 1 1

1 '

1 1

oo

^

J- O

>.0 C3 '^ O CO

u p

g

-1

" 1 1 ! 1

c t-

30 — . ..O rH t^

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

'l i

! 1

50

o

t*i

c^ o

~ C: O S — '

■*

S

^— 1 •— <

1

1

0)

. «1.*.-^i-«|.j.»:h<

rtlriw^

-•I* _ -r M]-,

— i-i

"S CO ■— 1 o CO

eo o

Ci o o -^

o

^ -1 -1 ■M r-l C5 C~. to CO O 0-.

-In

'•\VI

rHJM

OJ

O —

—1 CO

<N

i:

.§■

60

^ C5 CO -M

CO X

^^ Ci »-0 CO j o 1

o

ac

a> ■;

OQ >~-* t-H

f-- rt r^ 1 i^ 1

-<

a; oi ^ r- 1— 1 CO 01 i~ CO c — '

<0 C5

"O O

CD

•<

P^5
<1

C5 lO CO o

CO 00

'-0 -1- OS o

,_,

p<

01

CO o 00 ^

■* 05

'f -^ 0-1 --c

>'>

o

c^oi = ^ - = = = c: = o

>^ o

(OJ —1

-*

Crt>0 •>! rt

o^

O^ 1

o

1

^

'-^

^^

'^

'"' 1

,„■

.Hf- i^:c|-t

--i^r^'ri

^ ^ ^

rS CO 1^ lO GO

tr^ -^

^

^ rt|j]-lri- .T-:- ir -.1-- -

-1-^:1-*

"S ; ; ;

O

a

CO CO

-^ c

•-*

ai O O O O

O r-f

n

s

..OC'C:r::z: iOiOVDCil-^

=; CO

•^ c~.

CO

^

^ . . .

<

•^i

—IX

—'X^l-

>^ •

^

«rt S S 3 - -1 'r2 ^ ^ "' ^

tM ir;

t- CD

-+i

. t^ CO O Ci

i6 C5

HI

-»< CO

O CD

1^

CO CO c; ic 00

t^ ^

r^

p-l

C-l ^^ ~ ^ '

CO l^

"*.,'"'

«!

^ 1^ 9

j2 .-H Ol^O^O

o_-c__

"c

■*3 i 5

"i- cc'i-^

co'—T

CO

^♦"i

g : : ;

3

. «l-i< H* Hm

„u,_,^

^3

m uo O Oi >0

vf^ Ol

^ '■ '• '■

-Q vQ t^ O

M

o

_o : : :

^ ■ ■

c? : J cc

a

o

— <

!^

e

c "S

O

3

"S

3£

! ' 35

o

O

^ • - O

£

^

1 1

-5 r., "^

<i-

ascription of Me
produced.

M s a;

"o

-n : o c

^1

: : : : c: : : : : :
■ ■ ■ -^

: -73 : rt : o : ; :

® ;5 <"

. . ^ . CO g . . .

^ ^ c ?
. =" ..£ S 3 . . .

rt'

£ S ^ c

"o

i

1

R

O'S i>,.2

"in

^

^ « s s

o -- s •-*

>>

o

1

>

o

e r>

«gSg

EH

g 1^ .-s^-s f . ■ •

g g CO W W ^ Q cZ « <1

^

j

o c> ^
u2 o & o

^5

s

c;

it

ir. 1

ft

o
o

o

br.

"cS

^

;=^

1

f£

P^

19

Q

CD

Q

o ^ u tl

I*. a>-i

m 3

O O

c

» Ph

p^

o

r^

cy

fefl

„

fl

X

y

^

CI

■^ e

00

O

c^

O

00
00

p o

S =^

tij O)

«

-o

l~

ac

GC'

CI

-

-

oc

-:2 CI

00 -^

,__J

s ^

, ^

-^

3 -^

^

^^.2

fi

3

o

o

S^

S :

o
CO*

If

3

a ■

o

«ti

^ ^

. £^

p<

d

^ C

: 0

c :

o

^ C^

a

<^

_^

-*-* r-i

o

^

s

o

a
b 'A

^1

p^

^

^

c o

"t- "^

! C'

,13 &

•-!-J^

s 3^

p.,

-*-• pH

>(3

=tH <!

(-H ^

n^c-

o

.S £

: c

c •"

1 — 1 c

^

-»-> ^

^

k" ^

o

^ =+-<

c

1^ c

Ml-K

w

r— , — (

o

■-" r^

r^

o

P

CO

CO

hi.s n
180
is £

S

aj

'~^

o

''-^

o

H

H

<;

c^

-I *" ir ic

o _-

£ S ^ >=

B 2

.^ t C<1

ts S^'

a cd » 5^

^ ^^ m

20

W3

o

pi
O

Q

<i

H

§

P3
O

o
o

I— I

H

hH

o

t- ^ IS

-' t: "g

^ ^ f^

>S s

^.r

^^ ^

cc -<, *.

-^ § =;

o ^ to

-t< 00
tr^ CO

O :o —

•p

.-^ £

_r

• 5 r;

G

C

TSOj ^

I!i

P3

. t-^^

o

"^ 'Z -^

O

i^

? ^ ^

+^

w

Ch ^

• O

O

1^'j= =

o

^p;^

■<
o

23

-9 o

o

o c p

Oij^j

P4

CC'CC E

C o

rW C r?

g5

^

O -t h=-l

<;

o.-ti

OG

W

£r

-^H -tJ 0< £ S

„ re ^ ^ Q

X -2" g § & 3

■S< g S § § 8 ^

W

c^

21

RECAPITULATION t)F ("EUKAI.S AND HAY, EOOT, AND GREEN ('UOPy

{eonthi/ifff).

Aggregate Cost of Phoduction — Ceiseals and Hay, Root, a>d Giieex Chops.

Manual Labour .. .

Manure purcliased

Seed pm-chascd and of llumu growth

Repairs of Implements...

Feeding tStuifs purchased and Corn consumed of Home }

growth
Horse Corn
Horse Forage
Sundries ...

Bailiffs', Market, and Fair Expenses
Rent, Rates, and Taxes

Bad debts

Feeding Stuffs purchased for Dairy, and charged to it

Stock purchased

Agistment

Per Annum.

489 5
84 10

179 9
72 5

■1.')

33.) 17
13 13

8}

"^

160 11 11

31 3

13 18

6 9 1

304 10 8

33 13 4

Per Acre.

2,446 16 6

t

0 8
0 17
0 7

0 16
0 3
0 1
0 0

3 8 9!

1 1-2 3.1

0 1 -dl

II 1.) 4

Per-centage brought forward

To which should be added (Jame damages toO per annum, or If per cent, on /
Capital (see Appendix, folio 132) ... ... ... ... ... ... \

And to which should be added the amount of the increased value of the Fiiiin, ,
£50 per annum at Michaelmas, 1870 (according to the valuation of throe
distinct valuers, as will be shown in Appendix). This claim, however,
is considered to cancel any other claim for an unexhausted improvement

AmotDif, carried forward to fulio 'li

(1.
9

1 8 6^

19 9 10,^

22

RECAPITULATION OF PROFITS PER CENT. ON A
CAPITAL OF £3,500,

As shoivn in SchediUes 1 uiid I, folios 19, 21.

Average per
Amount. cent, on 23

years.
£ «. d. £ s. d.

Twenty years at £>> 2s. 7d. per cent.,

from 1850 to 1870, as per folio 19 l&l 11 8
Tliree years at £19 9s. lOd. per cent.

for 187 1-£-3, as per folio 21 ... 58 9 6

221 ] 2 ... 9 12 21

Add increased amount in valuation of

inventory as per folio 15, being

the net accumulation of capital

between 1850 and 1873, Avhicli,

per annum, on the average of 23

3^ears' equals ... ... ... 52 S 1] ... L 9 11^

Total per-centage realised at prices lew-
cereals, viz. : Wheat, 7s. O^d. per

bus. ; barley, is. 7^d. ; oats and

dredge, 3s. 3|d. ; beans or pulse,

5s. 6id. ; and for hay, root and

green crops, viz. : Mutton, 8jd.

per lb, ; beef, 75d. ; pork and

bacon pigs, 5|d. j poultry, 8d. ;

wool. Is. 4|d ... 11 2 Ti

This return percentage was obtained through the amount of capital
employed being sufficient. The products of the farm realised remunera-
tive prices during a series of years, and the balance in favour thereof
pro\es that the production of cereals and butchers' meat, when sold at
the prices quoted, constitute profitable farming in this country.

We will show in the appendix which follows, the marginal rate at
which the various agricultural products may be sold, so that a profit in
farming may be secured.

In considering the conclusion arrived at, or rather defined, in the
foregoing statements; it will be necessary to say that the results have

23

been obtained by the use o£ arable land and down pasturag-e, but without
the aid of meadow or pasture lauds (the fore share only of the Water-
meadow being- charged to feeding stuffs for sheep, and not as rent).
Occasionally young- stock were depastured in Wilton House Park, and
the agistment price was invariably charged against the farm.

The foregoing- statements represent in minute detail what has been
accomplished in raising the fertility of the respective soils during the
first thirteen years of a term of twenty. The cereals averaged per acre,
viz.: Wheat, 32f bus. ; barley, 49^ bus.; oats, 57 J- bus.; beans, 35|
Inis. ; and the averages for the twenty years were, respectively : Wheat,
o£| bus.; barley, 4-6 bus.; oats, 57^; beans, 37 ^ bus. The cost of
production of the cereal croj)s in the thirteen years was £6 14s. 7|d.,
and that for the twenty years £Q Is. 4|d., nearly approximating each
other. The ewe flock in the same period numbered 274, but between
1863 to 1870 an additional number of 38 increased the average to 313,
being the number of ewes kept for the term of twenty years.

The produce of meat in the thirteen years, in quantities and price,
was: Mutton, 101 J lbs. per acre at 7ld. ; beef, 81 lbs. at 7d. ; swine,
pork and bacon pigs, 69f lbs. at oh ; poultry, SJ lbs. at 8d. The
produce for the term of twenty years, relatively, averaged : Mutton,
155f lbs. per acre at 8;|d. ; beef, 75 lbs. at 75d. ; pork and bacon pigs,
69\ lbs. to 5|d. ; poultry, 5i lbs. at 8d. The poultry statement, how-
ever, in the absence of detail, is somewhat incomplete. It will be
observed that during the thirteen years feeding stviffs cost £6 Os. 9d.
per acre, and the total cost of production was £12 17s. 9|d., and that
for the twenty years feeding stuffs cost £0 19s. Hd., and the total cost
of production Avas £14 6s. 2^d. The explanation of this is : the amount
spent per annum in artificial food during tlie thirteen years was required
in order to restore the land to a state of fertility ; and, moreover, in the
absence of pasture-land, and also to keep uj) the fertility of the soil, it
was found necessary to sjiend £6 19s. l|d. })er annum during the average
of twenty years.

The effects of these sums being expended are elaborately shown in the
a])pendix.

The receipts aud payments of the thirteen years and the twenty-three
years respectively, are epitomised and averaged for the sake of brevity,
so as to give the most comprehensive view of the accounts generally,
whilst a balance-sheet is given in the appendix, to which is added minute
and detailed statements of the products arising from sheep, cattle, pigs,
and 2)oultry.

24

The farm has been hehl with the sti])ulatioii that the straw, hay^
root, and green crops were to be consumed thereon. The receipts in
respect o£ cereals and the amomit for g-rain sold ai'c shown in the balance
sheet (fo. 16).

Only the best qualities of grain were sent to market, the remaining
or inferior sorts grown on the farm being consumed by stock, and charged
jigainst the same at their relative marketable prices. In this instance it
was found to be more prrtfitable to reserve all inferior corn for home
consumption rather than incur the expense of marketing the same.
When this inferior corn is used as artificial food in conjunction with
roots, &c., the tenant obtains a considerable addition to the manurial
fertilisers of the farm.

Science affirms that the consummation of grain alone does not add t<c
the fertility of the soil, but nevertheless its manurial value in conjunction
with the consumption of the hay, root, and green crops on the farm, h;is
materially aided the increased production of cereals and meat. On thii4
farm the average of the three years to Michaelmas, 1873, of 30 bushels
of wheat per acre, is equal to Sir J. B. Lawes^ quotation in the Moriiiiiff
Post, October 13th, 1SS3, as produced by artificial manures only.

The results achieved on the farm in question do not bear out Sir J. Ik
Lawes^ ideas as expressed in the following paragraph, viz. : — " I have
more than once pointed out the fallacy which lies in the statement that
the reduction in the price of an agricultural crop can be profitably met
by an increase in the yield. This is not only not true, but it is the
j'cverse of the truth.'''

'25

r/5

<1

b^

?=!

hJ

W

■ij

-Si

^

W

GO

o

^

•to

^

^

•

o

-l^

k;

CI

^

o

1^

?

H

n

s

02

o

"5

H

a,

C/J

o

-to

P^

«

a

l-H

o

*a

P=4

f^

§

>

«

o

I— 1
H

t;:^

H

o

tei

y.

p^

zn
S

^ %.

O §

O §^
-< "S

P4 f^

H
m
O
o

w

H
O

?

O

W
in

W
«
o

. -T-lM n!-i. -cpi

-^-r

-i-f-i-*

-iM-lM

-■-1

SSi

— — 1 c-i c-t o -J o c;

C5

~r 00

0 ^

(M

CI oi

• -M ^ CO c: o? ^ <o 1

..^

>;i ■— 1

l^ 0

CO

CO ■-:

^ i;

<! «

CO

•^t^C-JOO cooo

c

»f^ r— »

0 CO

CO -?•

g

a

-^IM-'TI-IM

-|M-|»1

«i-t-

nil-

v»

-:3 S3 c; ^ cc c o I-

CO

O CO

■* CO

0

c/l

y* -o eo o CO CO •-; CO l

1~

o o

0 CO

CO

c

«<

' r-H t-H I-H I— 1 1

r— t

'"'

'5

00 -M lO QC C-l OS l^

C3

^ 1:0

0 I'l

10

y^

Cj

o

c^j GO O ■* O C-l C<3

oc I-

CO 0

o

H

- C^ l-H

»0 r-H

i^ t^

l-t

P4

^

»-H

02

_1M„|„ ^]., „j,,

r^l-J.

rH|Tt-++

-iM

Ci

^

•d

r-3 ^ C-l 0-1 o CO c: 03

OS

0 CO

00

o

O

1

c3

./ oc rt .~ ^ -J. ^ t^ 1

^_^

ir —(

CO :

I— ( f-H

b4

g

^eooo i-iooo

o

0 rt

00

. -IM-ICl

— t-r

-.iT-l-t

-IM

O

H~

^

r^ r- (>l I- l~ O C5 i-H

cv

-H CO

t~

B

■^

1

c

02

"O '-I

« :

o

o

rt

=C ^ _-

r^

'^t^'M — O ^OCC

o

irc ^H

cc

- . c5

— IM Hm

^-|-T~

^F-^HtT"

^r-|-| ^ ~

o a Q)

r^ O (N O C l^ OJ O

C3

0 00

OC

:

-2 >< a

=0 '^ ^i °° n; '^ '"' m '

00 r-1

0 . 1

<U 5 S^

.-H 1

t-Hrt

'=t''MOO ^OOO

o

CO .-1

1-

—1^1

~r-l—

" ctl^^l-^

^*

-j c; -M ct o -o 'C^ ^

o'

1-- CO

-f

r— <

_o

• (M ^^ ' — ' CI ^ •— ' O 1

.-H

0-1 ^

-f

3

v. _H _ ^

■— '

■-H

^^=s cc=o

o

CO —(

-J.

„, .■

. -iT'-HOl-bl r^l-

«lfl,

H*

Hl^ 1

^'-^ r-r_„

-i -H -M CO t^ ^ C5 O

OS

.-1 CO

r~

t- -^^

s;<<

■j^i~ ^ -^ s ^ -H -f ;

^

(M rt

-f

_ ^

> t<

<%

qj^oo cooc

o

>* ,-1

.^

.0 -wC;

ifj "

a

-tMr:'- -:Trr::-n^,-.

r^lM

-^I-J'

-It

r^ O CO O -t Ol C? ^

00 c^

C

O

'-•

■-H

S

K - -^^ M I- 2 '- =^ 1

o

C5 t^

CO

» : -yT :

-J -O CC CO 1- I- o

t^

0-1 0

CO

1

"^ ■ "S

-§

-t- CO

o

—

CO .-1

-f

1

'A

^ . P .

_,rl

r-l-t1

CC|Tt-H|-

-3 •■^' ■

r^ ^ !M CO CC r-1 O O

G5

C5 00

0

0

'/:

c

o

aj

1

Eh

0 n

M

H
O

•/ '" — ^ -f CO ^ -f 1

,— <

0-1 •-!

■*

<

■-. ,-H ^

.-H ,-1

"

K : f= ;

11?

X

VCIOO oooo

O

'^ r-H

CO

0

'^ 1

3

h3
2h

. -IM-N HM "H

-I-*

_|7,„j^

cc|*

fii

t3 05.(M f-i Ci >0 C5 <M

1

OS

0 00

CO

0

:S : . :

o

Eh

a

j^- CO r-H CO r-< (M ^ lO 1

<¥> 0^1 O O G^O C p

o

-* .-1

10 l-H

CO :

CO

5^

=«H

0 C
c

. rt|ri-|ciH-i -n -;t

"l-f

-1^1 -•»

r-.l-u

0 • '^

Q

'- ii

-di-"(MO COOCIOT

en

0 CO

01

^

C^

o S,

I— t f— I

iJ

.^ * i ■

£%

x O — 1 ^ CJ ^ --" CO 1

rt

(M ^

'^ :

<

"0 r:
i c

d ;h

1

OQ

^

7^ . r^

■V — . o_o _o o o o

o

CO >-i

10

H

d : ^ ■

— i7I — iri --'71

Ht

t^lT- 1-7.

s:: =«

r^ Ol Ol C-. CO « C-. o

ot'

0 CO

t~

0

.S 0

a?

•— <

y.

_ 1

M

%*

-H

(X) .—

0 :

■f

n

- ,-1 .-( .— . ,-,

.-H l-H

'"'

0

0

<VJ,-iOO oooo

o

CO -H

'O

— )M Ml-t-^I-f

rtl*

ecl-j—fr

C2

--- O <M CI CO IM O ^

1

OS

Tj< CO

■""

S

M l-H — CO ^ oi -H CO 1

,—4

C<1 ^

~f '■

^

0 £f

^

— •"• ^

rH ^

X

M

^■^ c-l •= c; o c: c: o

o

-fl -H_

CO

Ph

0 • -J ■

■ : : o : ; d • •

.S.2 p.

?;

0 5

0
X

,3 0 0 ■

.20!^ .X . .

cj

«;

c ^

c3

1

c
Q

!h oJ p

0 -« ^.a

a2

5

«

0 2 oS
2 g
< <

26

«i

»i

§

"D

-fe^

0

^ ! 1 1 1 1

1 !

**

S

p

^

g

0)

«rt

"i^

.2

<

-3 "

«

s

§

2

«• 1 1 0 1 1

1

fe

(il

=*? ^

^ 1

«.

^

-«■

►5S

oj

0

§

(U

Kl

~r

s

=«

So

•«

9

to

==1

^ „l-, „_

_.

"- r^ '^^ 0 — . 1^

. —

5^

:C

^

p

CO -^ i-H cc 0 >o

^

'S

pm

'"'

s

Cjj'-T 0 -t- ro IM

-Tl

"

c^l-t

N

"St! V

-O !M 0 .-H Vf r-l

0

S

%-^<

K K r- K ;o 0

C

•^

1— 1 i-H

'«

<t\

*? ::: S ^ S =^

c

"^

_: «|-l-*l-<|T!'r-lM

'-' 0 t^ 00 CO -+I

s ^

0) (p

to t- -* C-; >^ -f

*< P,

^ 1

2 i
+3 a fH

— «^

11^

•g ^N «|M^|-.„^t

S o-i 0 t-~ i^ 0

J

IH

« - -^ '" ^ ^

rd

^ m

■ relrfrcl-frcl-i

Ski

m C

~ C; '^ C5 -f <M

'^

005

f^

P.

M CO O-l —1 ?^ CO

'*i

=41 O CU

0:3 -A

r3 >— 1 1^ c^ 50 to

z

0 0 «

K -H 0 -f -0 -H

c.

?»

£^

^ ;o 0 kc ^ CO

>^

c

"1

'^

Cj

^

&

"w

0

<s

b

'^

0

0

"^

.2

"^

d

0

f^.a^

tej

cS

oc 7;

p

'^^

. 0 "-^

j^

• -^f-l •

s

" 'fi p ■

■<i

^ fc< -M cS 0

s

^s

► r ce ce q3 >-.

t*

Es

1

pJfflOPQK

«<

S -^ o ?;

g uC

CO ^

'^ r^ "^

c? -^

" =C ^

r::; s

0

rt

^' i^

0

::5

W ?i

•"

J "^

^3

ce Q

so

£ -^

e:

^

5

VD

'!■

c.

■:;

•/■-

• _;

•

<^

CO

H

C

"S

T

0

>

0

1

^

p

-2

^

rz

(A

c
0

■r^

;_

ce

X.

0

ci
0

;i

0

-£3 o ^

k- '

^,_^

c

1

t~

.b W

0

w

0 ct

^

"r*

0

X.

a

>

^

H J

f^

Ph

0

■4-1

27
CEREALS.

Amdysis of the following prices per bushel and per quarter realised on the respec-
tive cereal crops grown on an average of twenty years, viz. : Wheat, 7s. 0{d.;
barley, 4s. 7id. ; oats or dredge, 3s. S^d. ; beans, hs. Qld.

The loss shown in synopsis^ folio 18, being £-2 18s. 8d. per acre, or

.ۥ322 12s. 2|cl. per annum in the conversion of hay, root, and g-reen

crops into meat, it therefore follows that the cost price of the cereal

crops per bushel is increased respectively thus : —

Wheat ...

Barley

()at.s and rjic(l<;(!

J'cans anil Pulse

Straw

£ s.

If £970 l.'i. O^d. i^'ives £322 12s. 2|d., what will £302 Kis. 4|d. give:-' ... 100 1.5

If £970 Is. 9.id. gives £322 12s. 2|d., what will £290 r)s. .3d. giver ... 96 9

If £970 Is. 9^d. eives £322 12s. 2ad., what will £239 19s. Id. g-ive ? ... 79 16

If £970 Is. Old. gives £322 12?. 2?d., what will £103 2s. 9(1. give? ... 34 .5

If £970 Is. 9|d. gives £322 12s. 2|d., what will £33 ISs. Ud. give? ... 11 G

£322 12 2f

The synopsis shown in folio 18 becomes transposed thus : —

Wheat £100 15s. 5^=d. -^ 8604 = 2s. 4d. '\ ,, ,• jji t i, i xv

Barley £96 9s. O^d. -f- 1,2.594 = Is. .iJd. I^^tio of lo.ss_per hu.shel on the

Oats and Dr<.dg-e ... £79 16s. 5d. -^ 1,468 = Is. 1,',. | conversion of the Hay,

15eansandl'ni;e ... £34 5s. I|d. - 37U = Is. 10.1. I J ^oot, and Green Crops.

Wheat. 1',.v P.ushel. Per (Quarter.

s. d. £ s. d.

Cost of production, as shown, Folio 26 ... ... '5 l)i| ... ] 10 6

Add ratio of loss in the conversion of hay, root,

and green crops as above ... ... ... 2 4 ... 018 8

Total cost price 0 If... 2 0 2

Amount realised above cost price, being Tenants'
Profit, equal to £8 3s. 4kl. per cent, on
£17 8s. [lid. capital per acre employed; an
average variety of seasons and other casualties
having been experienced during the 23 years.
Special epidemics would require further
consideration. This amount of interest is irre-
spective of the 10 per cent, discounted in
the inventories on the value of the working
horses and implements employed upon the
Farm as well as in the Park and Demesne
establishments, and is, therefore, an additional
per-centage on the capital employed ... 0 lOi ... 0 7 0

Price per bushel and per quarter realised on the

average of twenty years ... ... ... 7 ''l- 216 2

28

BaELEY. Per Bushel. Per Quarter.

s. d. £ s. d.

Cost of production as shown, Folio 36 2 Ij ... 0 19 :Z

Add ratio of loss in the conversion of hay, root,

and green crops, as g-iven above ... ... 1 (i| ... 0 13 :l

Total cost price 3 1 1 ... 1 11 4

Amount realised above cost price, being- Tenants'

profit equal to £9 Is. 8d. per cent, on

.€17 8s. lid. (See observations on wheat),.. 0 8| ... 0 5 (►
Price per bushel and per quarter realised on the

average of twenty years ... ... ... 4< 7{ ... 1 16 10

Oats and Duedge, with Rye Occasioxally.

Cost of production as show^, Folio 26 1 9^ . .. 0 11 6

Add ratio of loss in the conversion of hay, root,

and green crops, as given above ... ... 1 1 . . 0 8 8^

Total cost price 2 10 ^ ... 1 3 2

Amount realised above cost price, being Tenant's
profit equal to £6 3s. lOkl. per cent, on
£17 8s. lid. (See observations on wheat) ... (> li ... (> 3 0

Price per bushel and per quarter realised on the

average of twenty years ... ... ... 3 3| ... 1 6

Beans and Pulse.

Cost of production as shown. Folio 26 3 1 ... 1 6 8

Add ratio of loss in the conversion of hay, root,

and green crops, as given above ... ... 1 10 ... 0 II 8

Total cost price ... ... 5 2 ... 2 1 4

Amount realised above cost price, being Tenant's
profit equal to £i' Os. 3d. per cent, on
£17 8s. lid "1^ ... U 3 (>

Price per bushel and per quarter realised on the

average of t went v vears ... ... ... ') (Ji ... 2 4 4

29

CEREALS— RECAPITULATK3X OF ANALYSIS,

As Sn()-\v.v IX Foi.ios "27, 28.

Tidnda 2}>'evioi<s to the Adjust incut of Loss by Conversion of Hay, llool, and Green Crops into
JTeat {as was the case bcticcen 18.50 and 1870) showiny the Cost Friec of the Cereal Crop
per Bushel and per Quarter, varybiy accordiny to the Quantities Produced per Acre on
Average Yields.

18.i0.

luterveiiiiiK.

lS.50-1870.

1871-2-3.

Bus

Qrs.

Bus.

Qrs.

Bn.s.

Qrs.

Bus.

Qrs.

Wheat, quantity grown per Acre

■JO

2.7

23

3i

321

*

36

H

Market Price requii-ed to be )

realised jier bushel ai\d per >

^jWi

7!)/ 10

7/1 ^>

.50 10

oij

49 2

.5 6i

44/4

quarter )

J^arley, quantity grown per Acre

28

3A

.37

4g

46

H

50

H

]\[arket Price required to be j
realised per bushel and per >

6;.) J

•51 (i

4/lOi

39/-

3/11

3 14

3 7]

28/10

quarter ... ... )

Oats or Dredge, quantity grown }
per Acre )

.34

■1}

47

•Js

.57A

7J

61

n

Market Piice required to be )

realised per Inishel and per >

4/11

:!9 4

3/6}

28 4

2 10;/

23 2

2 8-i

21/10

quarter ... ... )

Beans or Pulse, quantity gi'own )
per Acre )

24

■.i

.31

3i

37.1

^i

41

H

^larket Price required to be )

realised per buslicl and per V

8/-

()4/-

r./2.v

49/8

0 2

41 4

4 8^

37,6

quarter ... ... \

Example.

For instance, in respect of the Fai-m in question as relating to "Wheat. The yield in 18.50
was 20 bushels per acre, and the consequent price shown in the Tabula is 9s. 11 Jd. per bushel,
:ind 79s. lOd. per quarter. The average of the 20 years' peld was 32^, and the price 6s. Ifd.
and 49s. 2d., and the last three years, 36 bushels, and the price .5s. 6ld. and 44s. 4d. The
other respective ciops may be ao intei'preted. This proves that increased pi'oduction to a
certiiin limit (Sii' .T. 1). Lawes' residts at Rothamsted) is the ])rin(iple of progress to be relied
upon for securing the interest of landlonl, tenant, and consumer.

30

00 V

X R

X

^

•$

i^

^

hJ

"^

>;

^

[^

^

^■

<J

Ci

">

f^

§

o

O

J^

t

C-.

!>,

'A

o

:&..

1— 1

H

e

^

s^"

"^

y^

.'■

P

■^

H

if-

hH

P_^

!>;

>>■

-»5

-

o

a

o-

Jo

«

3

"2

1

%

*

:/)

«J

~

h-1

-«;

■^

H

-£

M

^

V,

W

^

o

§^

'^

6

m

"P

Mi-

J 00

CD

-ICO

.-X 5°

O"

o

CD

o

CO

^o

VC

-t<

ce

CO

CI

— '

CI

u

t?

H

^

-I-).

o

C2

Tf<

1^

Ml-*
o

3

m

CO

CI

'~'

CO

CO
1-

t

^> =^

-I^ =°

^la

CD

r-IX -'

O"

'^

CO

5D

CI

t>-

CD"

VO

t—

'k,

CO

CI

CI

i^

«■

1-

"3

ID

o\

O

o

^

o

^

-In

<x

X

07

^^'

»o

O

■*

CI

Cl'

CO

£

«1* 5°.

-«a

?p

•DfOI

oo

o

O"

'J'

%.--~

WC

■*

t^

t'i'

■<*l

cT

1^

CO

CI

,-H

Cl

GO

1
o

m

>o

M-*«

"It

Hc^

00

c-i

5*2'

r:^

CI

-|->

OO

2

cc

^

CO

>o

cr

CO

co~

n

o

CO

1

GO

i-'c

i-

~:

n*

o"

CO

lO^

,^

^

CO

CI

CO

c

p

^

o

a)

o

H:'!

— |M

"S

,13

oo

ir-<'

i^

t^

I—

I— t

>o

h- 1

'M

CO

cr

-f^

cq

o

C-l

CO

CO

CO
CI

CO

cd"

o

do

'~^

0)

-;-!■

cc|^

rtlrl

o

t^

00

o^

-*

CO

'tl

cr>

3

(M

t^

<>4

lO

CO

CO"

(N

>(J

m

n::!

-CS

rS

Z^

fl

p!

Pi

5

rt

c;

c«

ci

1

, 1

,__,

,__,

Oj •

o •

o •

A :

rC :

rc; :

r^

•X

X

X

-^

r^

r^'

■^

o :

c •

p

O J

p

o :

'^

,

o

rH

o

O

M ;

o

03

c

X

^ •

Ph

C<

^

ci

03

rt

&:

ce

£

2

p

o

<o -

o

o

p

<I> .

1

(D .

^

rQ :

u

^ '■

ScrQ :

rp :

o

o

>-.

o

o

^ ■

a

'ZS ■

^TZJ

■^

rw

<^ '.

p ■

03

§

o •

o

u

o

i-t

?H

3d

3

&

g

&

a'

CT'

<=^ 5r!

CT'

si

fcr.

o

ft

o

ID

-g 1
5

2 S CO fe _ '-<

^ ? o . ■S CO

3

^O-^x =!

— *

■-'' 0) ^

O

-.^ P,.-*^ X

>-^^ gpq

— !

C "^ -e tJ

^

C> d 3 0)

"^ =*-! ^ _, ^

■75 o . rt

-C © r^ '^ ^' ^

t_i u <u o "S

,, 2 ft g O
^- £ rP r3 ^ ^

2 ".'CO aj— •

^ -w ci cj ^ u

cr;2 -^^ ,5 r5
to t^ 2 S

^ p^ X

I — I T3 L,

P O S

'H ,— I O

> p :si

■■5 f-

g o S p, o

2 H-f-is •'^ ^ ffi!
"^ '7 oi o 5 S

X ^ ft '^

•X i 'tS S fH S

, O O -1- '

O Cj s ff,2 ^
-i^ -^ '7! "o '3 |_]

X +-■ 2 o ^

C Pi r^ C- .

■f --^ S S P.P5 r'
J< C ,1:3 ^ ^

I. -S ^-5 X v^ S-
£;-g3!?'2^S ft

•< ""* X* H "S C& rrt

r^ "S '^ S !^ S

^ .2 ^ -^ S o

g^ ft ^< rvj p

fl © 3 'S

31

"l-^C

■d

CO

s

o

DJ

1

1

o

1

hA

=lj

(M

(0

>

<\

2

-d

[

1

i

'I

—

>-

-,

^"^

"3

-hi-

o

--

-t '

2

o

GO

1

*^

o

X

77

a

1-^

•f9

<«

-^

cc

'^

C5

bo

60

■d

"*

■<

o
u
Ph

=rt

=

1

'

1

O

u

.. o

,^^1^
-^^

1^^

TJH

c:

^

OS

o

O <D Q

m ^

^

-t

<^

t^

t~

^

^

■^

■"*

2

=tJco

"""

■rti

cc

CO

o

a

:

o

H

»4

S.

'

d
o

■ d
o

" d

d

<p

H

H

o

il

■ u

:

-d

e<

■■%

J

r/3

O

>o

c^

'^:s

"'Vl

m-TS"

>0

"■'^'i— t

VO H*

Ifti -IM

9

(M

CO

CS

®@

t-^

.-1

^»5

^^«

■$

.

'M

>o

o

.o^

^

?■:

CO '-=

'$

-O ^_^

C-1

ec

S^bp

^

^

^1 CC

=2

^^

— br.

i

O

&-=^

" '%

o

cc

co'g

-^

-I

-M ^

a
2

bD

.2

o

: o

. o

o

sh' -^ ^

-J

. o
• o

<D

o
H

'O

c^
-M

^ .1
-t< !^

CIS

■ o
: '^

<D

1

C2

.^

2.0
^ p.

o
o

o

H

•• : :H

:H

Eh

i

O

r— C

fl

M

c!

-S

OS

C

CD

+^0) o

at

o

OJ

O"

O CD C-l
O ^ ^

o

o

2

H

o
o

CD

w

^

^'^

rto

_^

.

K

-K

■- >

, ^

9 •

-i-.

fi

"3-2 I

TS

■^

03

t

3

3

11^

;f

— r

C^

o

3

C

3

O o o

^

■^

■-

H

P^^

=«

-f

«-

<^

3

a

3

z^-

^-^

_^.

7->

^

T'tS

p

6

do S :

^ 1 s

'1

J

<1

^

^

On P

-^

3

4

5

'T3

<D
>

5

3

O

o

"S

PI'S

o
o .■S

i

1

3

3

c

-'-^

zn

-Jj

~i

O

C5

r,

'l' i += -H cS A

o S

03 r^

w „. " '^ - ■

_ o o

c3 a

00

' O A

?! fci « 9 ^ '

ClJ CU K -> -

<« S ».2-
o ;^ J.

ra-s
-g .a a ■- ^ o

^r a: ? <» «

o.-t; oJ *- S g

OS 5''"' a S..a
e «> a ° K,-^

^^ rf ID c!i o
"■■ 0) !-i o a

1^^!^2

^ a ^-2 o s
y o « H

St ^ a* o S 5
g -, a *^ M

i2§^"^

^ § y .o "= a

o§P<2-2-

.a o (- E-i io o
^ P fe 'Sri

0) 53 .« 00 ^ 0)

t I ft';: 2 a

OJ 03 P O r— . ,

a o ai"© *5 '^
c ci CQ -.a ^^
■ji .„'^ B-*' ^
ftcjr; s-^M

*^ 'Pi ft

S. eg ?) 0) a .-ti

^" 53-a a «

r-t =M O ^ *^

. r) Ol a 0)1?

g-d-^S-S-g
!» a M a a

> ^- ^ <" 3 ==

S<M Pj3 . ^

^^^.22 a
I j5-g a s .
'..S=? & a ci a

^^S^ a
a a 3 oii c
CO g M o =3
<u g cu jj^ a
^ a ^ cQ -1-3 .^

32

MEAT PRODUCTIONS.

Analysis o£ the following- prices per lb. on the aggregate, and also
specifically, on the various kinds of meat produced. These are shown to
have realised on the average of twenty years, relatively : Mutton, 8|d. ;
beef, 7}d. ; swine, 5|d. ; povdtry, 8d.; and wool. Is. 4|d. i^ev lb. (See
^explanations, folio 23).

On the aggregate the quantity of meat produced as given in synopsis,
folio 18, averages 305| lbs. per acre.

s. d.

And the average price i-ealised fen- sales per lb., including
tenant's profit of 10 per cent, on .€17 8s. Ikl. being
lid. per lb 0 71

The cost of production also shown, folio 18, stands at
£U (Js. 2|d.; therefore, if 805i lbs. cost £U 6s. 2|d.,
what will 1 lb. cost, viz. : ... ... ... ... ... Oil

Consequent loss per lb. ... . . . . ... 0 3|

!Made up thus loss in converting liay, root, and green crops into

meat, as shown in ap])endix, folio 34, ... ... S^d.

Net remaining loss not realised in sales between 1 850

and 1870) lid.

0 31

Specific kinds produced, viz. : Mutton, price per lb. realised on
155| lbs. per acre, including tenant's interest at 10 per
cent, on £17 8s. Ud. capital 0 8}

Averag-e amount of wool realised on 1 lb. of mutton

Loss in converting hay, root, and green crops into meat

0

H

0

^

0

H

0 llf

Amount realised above cost price on the aggregate, as shown

above (mutton) ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 Of

0 11

Beef.
Price realised, 1850 to 1870, includiiio> tenaut^s interest of 1<>

per cent, on £17 Ss. lid. capital
Loss in converting" hay, root, and green crops into meat
Additional loss not realised in cost price between 1850

and 1870

Aggregate cost per lb.

Swine. . ^^ ^^-^b- ^

Hd.

0 71

U,d.

0 Si

0 11

Price realised 1850 to 1870, including tenant's interest, 10 per

cent, on £17 8s. IR capital 0 5^

Loss in converting bay, root, and green crops into meat 3|d.

Additional loss not realised in cost price between 1850

and 1870 3d.

— 0 5i

Aggreg'ate cost per lb. ... ... ... ... ... ... Oil

Poultry.

Price realised 1850 to 1870, including tenant's interest, 10 per

cent, on £17 8s. Ikl. capital U ^

Loss in converting bay, root, and green crops into meat

Additional loss not reaHsed in cost price between 1850

and 1870

Aggregate cost per lb.

This result, however, is incorrect through the details of the account
being incomplete, and the realised price would be more correctly stated
at Is. to Is. 3d.

The loss shown in synopsis, folio 18, being £2 18s. 8d. per acre, or
£32^ 12s. 2|d. per annum in the conversion of hay, root, and green crops
into meat, the average price being 7|d. per lb., and the cost price shown
in the foregoing analysis being lid., it therefore follows that the cost
price is 3|d. per lb. in excess of the relative prices realised, and con-
sequently the synopsis shown in folio 18 becomes transposed, thus : —
c

2|d.

id.

—

0 3

0 11

34

£ p. d.
Meat 1,048 S U

Wool 98 8 5|

Hay, root, and yioen ei'ops sold ... ... 64 19 10^

Ditto consumed by working-horse? ... ... 39 15 10

],M.l 7 H

£ s. (I.
If £l,.v>4i 7.S. .jjjd. -ivcs t8:>:> l-2s. ?fd., what will

£1,048 3s. 3id. o-ive .' 273 7 11 f

If £1,241 7s. 5U1. o-ives £333 13s. 3|d., what will

£98 8s. 5|d. .i^ive? 35 11 6-|

If £1,341 7s. 5kl. gives £333 13s. 3fd., what will

£64 19s. 1 Old. give? 16 17 U

If £1,341 7s. 5kl. gives £333 13s. 3|d., what will

£39 los. lOd. o-ive? 7 14 10

333 13 3

£373 7s. 11 ^d.-h 33,675 g lbs. = 35d. per lb. in addition to the prices
realised.

£35 lis. 6|d- 1,419. V lbs. = 41d. + Is. 4id. (wool) = Is. 8fd.

Hence, the synopsis shown in folio 18 becomes ti'ansposed, as shown
in the six diagrams, folios 55 to 61.

35

II

.^ 2

n'3

P ^^

« O
» o

2^

o

o

■^

M

o

:g

0-3

■*-'

•^

?r

•-T

a

rt

te

o

J=

s

i>

fe

■

a

-a

a

+^ a T3

'oil

S

a

a
.3

c3

"^^^

11

a

£-« S;

fl"^

u ja-T^

sa

0 S 5

^4

>,-^ 0

p<t^

o

0O.Q

T3 So

"^ a

a

c 0 a)
5 " ^,

.a

o

£.3^

"g

Sil

5e s 2
0) 6 6

a h,

-»; 0 Q C4

n ^

0 <» S ?J

0 B-g ►^

3 S

•C S g.-: t-

a a

M bo >> =3 0

l3

'^3-^ a 2
c» S, « a.s

!*l d

§ra»s

^^

tS S-tf -►^ c^t-.

^5

to"

'*S oil oS

2 ^ p 3 '" "S

a. 2 -S " = a

a t"

•53 tit

t: a 0 M -S .3

R-3

0 ■"

'. ^ s

g.3 3

III s II

=«i 1 0 = ■"
--Is ' 'O 3 a

fc Q) w .s » cq 0 s ^

^0

HHZH--

!S ^

c 2

36

CONCLUSIONS TO FIRST SECTION OF ACCOUNTS.

The farm luidcr the circumstances related and explained in the first
section of accounts by high farming, with a capital of £3,500, was held
profitably from Michaelmas, 1850, to Michaelmas, 1873, and yielded
£11 2s. IM. per cent, on the capital employed. The range of prices
realised for cereals being, viz.: Wheat, 7s. O^d. per bushel; barley.
Is. 7ld. ; oats or dredge, 3s. 3|d. ; beans or pulse, 5s. 6M. The pro-
ducts for meat being : INIutton, 8|d. per lb. ; beef, 7|d. ; swine, 5|d. ;
and poultry (nominall}^), 8d.

The rent of the farm was fixed at £300 per annum (and it is con-
tended to be a fair one, inasmuch as it is the amount remaining from the
sale of the products after deducting every other expense). It was con-
verted into produce on a scale of prices equal to those obtained in 1835,.
viz. : Wheat, 7s. ; barley, 4s. ; oats, 2s. 9d. ; meat, 6d. per lb. ; and
wool, Is. Nevertheless, the rent was to vary with the prices for produce
as adopted in the Earl of Pembroke's scheme for letting his estate. The
quantities chosen were, two-fifths meat, one-fifth barley, and two-fifths
wheat. The respective quantities being calculated at 6d. per lb. for
meat, 3s. 6d. per bushel for barley, and Gs. for wheat, being the estimate
formed by Lord Herbert and Sir Robert Peel as prices for agricultural
products in the future, mutton, lamb, veal, beef, and pork, to be taken
from the average prices published weekly in the Marl- Lane Express, and
the cereals being determined by those which regulate the tithe com-
mutation rent-charges for England and Wales. At the end of the twenty-
three years — iSoO to 1873 — the balance was 10s. per cent, in favour of
the tenantry on the Pembroke estates, the j^rices then being 6id. per lb,
for meat, 4s. 4d. per bushel for barley, and 6s. 6|d. per bushel for wheat.
As regards rent it will be evident that putting* the fixed rent at the
old standard prices into quantities of produce at a lower ratio, an apparent
advantage is afforded to the landlord, but this difference was cancelled by
an annual allowance of 10 per cent, for manures purchased (provided the
tenant spent three times as much), the same not ai'isiug from the produce
of the holding. This incentive operated in promoting an increased pro-
duction, as exemplified by the result on the farm in question. An
allowance of say £3,500 per annum by the landlord at this rate on an
estate under such circumstances, would occasion £10,500 to be spent by
the tenantry in manures, thus affording a guarantee for increased pro-

37

duction, and consequently an improved condition of the estate. During-
the twenty years of average^ the 88 acres, 2 roods, 'Z4< perches, of cereals
grown per annum yielded a profit of £4 17s. 5M. per acre, and the 110
acres of hay, root, and green crops, occasioned a loss of £2 18s. 8d. per
acre, being 2^d. per lb. on the total quantity of meat produced, and the
consequent loss could only be redeemed by charging the cereal crop with
Is. 8d. per bushel on the total quantity produced. Under such results
the comparative standard prices for rent, and those realised were, for
cereals, viz. :

Wheat.

Barley.

Oats.

Dredge.

Beans or
Pulse.

183G to 18.30

Prices realised, 1850 to 1870, on the Farm

in question
Cost price on yield per Acre (Folio 27),

including interest on Capital. . .

7/—
7.0J
Glf

■!;■-
;] 11

2/9

2 lOji

5 6^
') 2

Meat Piiodlctiox.

Mntton.

Beef.

Swine.

Poultry.

Wool.

_

Standard ISoO '

6

—

— .

18.50 to 1870 on the aggregate on the

Farm in question

—

—

U

—

—

Price realised as shown (Folio 18)

Si

7i

of

8

1 4L

Cost price on realised quantities on the

Farm in question, interest on Capital

included

1":!

H

Tf

10

1 8-'

The inference from the foregoing is, that during the }'ears of pro-
tection by Acts of Parliament, the realised prices for cereals on the
farm in question for twenty years exceeded the standard, and more than
covered the loss incurred in the production of meat (as shown in diagram,
folio 10). The realised price of meat, however, was below its cost price,
as shown in the accounts of the Home Farm. ^Moreover, these deductions,
though not applicable to all cases in the kiugdom, tend to dispel the
notion that because a standard of prices may have been arrived at and
acted upon for half a century, it does not follow that they are relatively
correct. In addition, the facts derived from tlie foregoing accounts
prove the correctness of the old rule that to grow cereals profitably you
must produce meat and manure ; and they suggest that the average yield
of cereals in this country (which for the crop of 1884 is estimated at :
Wheat, 28jijth bushels; barley, 37|th; oats, 47 /^th ; and beans, 31yVth)

38

is capable of being increased in ratio to the achievements of the farm in
question, as well as to the results obtained by Sir J. B. Lawes in
his experiments at Rothamsted.

Although the farm has passed through the vicissitudes of twenty-
three seasons, yet it is acknowledged that a consecutive series of bad
seasons, with disease in stock, call for special considerations, which are
not included in the analysis thus rendered.

WILTON HOUSE HOME J^ARM.

SECOND SECTION OF ACCOUNTS,

FROM

MICHAELMAS, 1S73, to MICHAELMAS, 1883,

SHOWING

Fall in Value of Cereals and Iiise hi Prices in (lie Prodiicfioii of

Meat, and the consequent Resnlts applied: to the circumstances of

the Farm in question in the Transposition of Prices.

41

It may be affirmed that the circumstances occurring' between ISoO
and 1873 are not api^licable to those existing between 1874 and 1883.
The following' estimates by implication (the farm account being discon-
tinued in 1873) are based upon the average products of the twenty-tln-ee
years (ISoO and 1873), and have been estimated upon the assumption as
regards cereals, that the quantities grown at 1873 could be maintained
at the preceding cost of production up to and including 1883 ; also, that
the prices gazetted between the two periods may fairly be stated to be
equal to those realised in the future. The cereals from 1873 are relatively
increased four luishels an acre, upon the belief that the fertility attained
in 1873 could be maintained during the following years of average by
economy in feeding, and perhaps by the ciu-tailment of the ewe flock.
As regards the hay, root, and green crops, it was intended that the ewe
flock, with the number of beasts and swine kept, should remain stationary
in number as between 1850 and 1873, but the prices for their relative
products are quoted as it is believed they have existed in the same period
of time, viz., from 1874 to 1883. The following diagrams show the
results which would have arisen on the farm in question between
1874 and 1883 (both inclusive) under a similar condition of husbandry,
and with an equal amount for collateral claims allowed, in addition to the
cash per-centages shown in the account.

u

d

a:

i

d

-iH

-*i

g

0

fl

P

0

will!

1 i

1 1 '~*

s

m 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1 °^

CM

<

1 1 1 1

1 1

<!

1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1

•—1

1

t«

Ph

=tj

03

4^

Cll

CO

:i

o

o

§

^

£

■«*

CO

P^

2

d

C5 o 1

o

o

o

<

u

<^ 1 1 i 1

1 1

1 1 'O

c^ 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1

1 U

CO

CO

Ph

=tj

CO

Ph

StJ

--

--

fi

v-\^

^i-^f^iH-

r-H -tl

■>*< o

nWrHiri

r^-^

^

2

-J

>r^ i^

o ■*

o

-"I

1 1 1 1

■<

^- 1 i 1 1

-H CO

CC C2

1^ CO

>o

+3

,;;

C3 l^

l^ T— 1

"III!

M

a

is

W ' '

a

t^

-t<

00

s

s

P^

o o

r-l O

CI .*

^

o

'^

a; o

0-. CO

o

a

=«

4{ =

o

H

^

. ^[ri T-'l^t^PSlrJ*

•-Hi-. rnl?,

"^OJ 00 O rt

O GO

C3 t-H

o

'rt :

SP

~ 00 O C-1 O

ci ^

,-H

bp

a

-H ;3 •

1^

£

OJ

a<

H

to

fl

Sb

p

m 03 00 i^ crs

^o CO

00 C2

t^ <a

w
w

bE

«

^CO l~ o >o

O CO

-*" :

bo

fl

t— 1

1 — 1 i-H

'"' . ,^i

-^

<i

'"'

""^

<1

<i

o CD as cs

•o o

lO -)H

o ■ ^ :

P^

„,o t- CO CO

o CO

Oi

M

SJ CO t^ 05 CM

CD Ci

>o o

CD 2 •

5tJ ^ -O O 1^
<M -M (M

C5 CO

C~l

CO

Ph

^CO (M rH

0-]_.-l

co^ (£^

W (M

r

*^

»— 1 ■*

•K 1

H^ .^

CO

. Klocm|^-.WH^i

•id

„l^ „l^,

-H|-n

: -.O"

!^^

^3 C^l r-l 00 t^

85l

'O C5 00 CO O

CO

H.I

05 k^ CO fM CO

wO O O -H

-

X O

c c

'+-I ?^.

o.-s

^

-l-CCH- -^IM

^

-.X

Kl*

o ■=+?

•^«

. t— CO ■* ci

M »t< -H lO c

. I.. CO CO Ci

K CO C2 lO CO

C3

: IS

^

rQ C3 CO__>'r_-tH

^

f^S

;2 r-l -M CO >0

■^^

§^

1

r^ .— 1

*42
3

<!

t-Tco^i-T

Ph .«i

"^ Cr.

O"

^ 2

C?

. m|-J< H-*<rt|N

«!-*<

O

OJCO O rt r-l

£co o ;d -*

2 >o lO 05 in

5>.0 t^ CD

(M

|a

«2?j

"P^

SI

• O O to CO

'+I

P^^ iM CO CO

(M

f^ 1

a «

t— 1 1

§ &

CI

f_|CO

^ bo

CO 'O lO o

c»

< 3

^ Ol 0-1 Ol

oc

t

B§

C?;<

Hfi

-IJ

»

;5

§

<3

■n

7?

o

00

>;

c3 .

;:^

CO

.2

>
<

ID

'o

'o

H

'♦H .

"o

^

fii

1 '

,o

o
Ph

CS

o

r^

pi

^

Ph .

r~

'S

cS

1^;

§

'S

o

!^

«*H

: ! r I

p

K

_o •

s

13

f^

cc

s

3d

Ph

d h

_o

^^-t

1

o

•sl

si-

eg

.2

o o rt

r^P5 OSP-i

O

i

o
o

1:3

.

t— 1

t3 u

ll

o
u

Ph

c3 S

Ph -

^

c

=" Pi
ce

o

^C5

tH* ^

O

o

o

r^ '-' -tJ =*

1 c« ,-^

r, c« t* <i^

-+3

O

,_(

;>PHOpq

ZfJ

O

1

45

SUMMARY OF PRECEDING DIAGRA^MS.

Diagrams.

No. 1.

No. 2. 1 No. 3.

Pcr-centages brought forward

To these must be added the additional Per-centages
shown in former Statements, and to whieh the
Farm is entitled in the tlu-ee preeeding Diagrams,
viz. : —
(rame Damages

Aceumulated Capital between IS'iil and 1873, as per ]
Inventories J

£ s. d.
3 19 7

1 8 6|

1 9 Hi

£ s. d.
8 12 lU

1 8 6f
1 9 111

£ s. d.
2 4 4

1 8 g;^

1 9 Hi

Increased Value of the Farm, £50 per annum (accord- ")
ing to the Valuations of three different valuers,
as will be shown in Appendix). This claim, )■
however, is considered to cancel any other claim
for an unexhausted inanmial improvement ... J

6 IS 1
1 8 6|

11 11 5\
1 8 6f

5 2 10
1 8 G"f

£ s. d.
Receipts for Horse Hire and Implements ... 67 14 5^ ]
Tillages in Valuation, 1870, in excess of 1850 6 9 3i f

74 3 Si )

8 G 7f
2 2 4^

13 0 Oi
2 2 4^

6 11 4^^
2 2 4 .',

Averaging 12 per cent, on £3,500

10 9 0\ 15 2 4| 1 8 13 9}

DEFINITIONS OF PRECEDING DIAGRA3iIS.

Diagram No. 1 shows the products of twenty years' averages (1850 to 1870) at the
average Gazetted prices for Cereals ; from 1873 to 1883 with prices for Meat ; for 1874 at
the preceding twenty-three years' averages.

Diagram No. 2 is estimated on the produce in quantities of 1850 to 1873, at Gazetted
prices for Cereals between 1873 and 1883, and at the estimated prices for Meat for 1874.

The result of Diagrams 1, 2, and 3, as stated below, may be assumed to have been the
result had the farm in question been kept uj) from 1873 to 1883, viz.. Diagram No. 1,
£10 9s. O^d. ; Diagram No. 2, £15 2s. 4fd. ; Diagram No. 3, £8 13s. 9|d. The whole
(including game damages) averaging £11 8s. 4|d.

Diagram No. 3 shows the extent of the fall in value in Cereals for the years of
average, and tlie increase in the lise in prices for ileat, which it will be necessary to obtain
in the future, and which is proved in the following transposition of affairs. It must,
however, be borne in mind that the three years' averages could onlj- have been maintained
by the use of ample capital.

44

a

d

OD

a

-a

-^

,1

s

9

fl

fl

la

»i 1 1 1 1

1 i

d

n i 1 1 1 1 1 ;

1 1

1 1 <^

IM

<J

1 1 1 1

1 i

' 1

<

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1

^

^^^

,^

^

CO

t--

§

+3

Cl)

=13

P4

««

<M

1-

^

2

o

i_

~7"

(V

'6

CO

£

_

-d

S^ls'

,„• 1 i i 1

1 1

1 1 .o

<

„; 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1

'"'

o

g

m 1 1 1 1

' '

1 1 "

%

M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

' '

1 1 oc

CO

00

(S

=tj

CO

^

=^

-

--

o

^'-f^^l-l<

'-■l-i'

nw-iri

r^-^

§

d

c"-t<'

i

^ ::•*

tl o

-ti IM

o

•<

• 1 1 1 1

■^

r^ 1 i 1 1 1 -^ ^

cc Ci

1:^ CO

C2 l~

(^ rH

-p

t» 1 1 1 1 1 ,-J ,— 1

00

la

^1

g

u

-t<

g

S

Ph

<^

CO O

c; o

o

a

IB
PM

o c

^ o

<M -*

5i =

•<

-«1

a)

. o

• w|-)< ^1-1

Ml'H-i-f

Is

a

. -,|M ^i^Kt-t

-im-!m

'''O CO O rt

O 00

C5 1-H

o cs :

tji

•a CC C C-J o

O .—1

,__4

bB

a'

r*^

g

fi

,_,

a*

H

tj}

a

E

p

aj G5 CO l-^ Oi

VO CO

00 en

I— (D

P^

bD

a

M CC (^ O >C

O CO

-f :

bo

fl

i-H

f— < 1 — 1

•— 1 .A_J

W

OJ

•<

'"'

^

<!

-»)

O CO 05 Oi

>o o

.o -t<

§ ^ S :

^
fM

„, --0 t- 00 CO

o CO

02

(D

CJ ^ t^ 05 C<l

CO C5

>o o

P

"=lj ^ -o o t^
d T^l C<J

cs CO

CO

■"L

C-J^rt

fC

H —

'"'

'"'

"^ far,';;?

CO (M

(-

42 1

1— 1 ■*

•= 1

t-1 ^

r/

. nix«l*-HWrtH4

• tJ

■ H-t -If ^l-*i

9:S

0) rt

.2^

T3 (M r^ 00 J^

ssl

n3 C5 CO CO o CO

§•5

P-l O

oi O rs !M 10

mO O O ^ rH

tc O

o o

H.|

t-i S^.

^•■S

,

—1-^^:1^ .-IM

A

-*» Kl-K

o'^

0 S
91^

t^

^1

. l^ CO -r*< Ci

K -H -* >0 C

!■

si

(^3

. 1~ CO CO C2 o

m CO C2 o oo "—I

;2^^0-I^CO_^'<^ -*^

■: IS

O

§^

C3

■<

^ rt

Id

3

<!

l~^ 00^ l^ r-T

o Pi

Ph ^,

o-

K P

c

si

. ml-fi rt|f -.|M ccl-^

: '.n ^

O

S h

OOO O -H ^

2 kO lO Ci lO (M

^<

gco o ^ ■>*<

^i

g lO t^ CO r-1

cd p.

^^

'P-

• O O O 00

-f

Wi-H C-1 CO CO

C^l

^7

=3 f5

*

1— I 1

§ &

c-l

^ be

lO "O o o

cc

< <

~ Ol C-l Ol

oc

s§

c?^

Hfi

H :

1

O

§

<

'^

p

CO

(13

rH

32 .

p<

CO

_o

5

2

o

1

H

=« .

o

^H

o

c.

s '

't

o

&.

to

C!5

h- 1

o

1~

o

P

as

1

.2
'5

o

■-S

t+H

p

W

p<

o •

o

a

1

f5

02

8

^

Ph

rt h

■^H

: : P'^

^5

o
%

;::^ pq £ Ph ^

'■5

O

o

a

^i

o

d ^

<^ o

o

"o

-fj

^ 2

u ^

©
o

S

^

cS ^

cr rt cs o

•J2

o
Q

'-'

45

SUMMARY OF PRECEDING DIAGRAMS.

Per-centages brought forward ...

To these must be added the additional Per-centages
shown in former Statements, and to which the
Farm is entitled in the three preceding Diagrams,
viz. : —
Game Damages

Accumulatecl Capital between iSoO and 1873, as per]
Inventories ... ... ... ... ... J

Increased Value of the Farm, £50 per annum (accord- )
ing- to the Valuations of three ditfeient valuers, I
as will be shown in ApiX'ndix). This claim, }■
however, is considered to caned any other claim
for an unexhausted manurial improvement ... j

£ s. d.
Receipts for Horse Hire and Implements ... 67 14 bj ]

.... . _._ . ~ h/

Tillages in Valuation, 1870, in excess of 1850 G 9 3J

74 3 8

iS

Averaging 12 per cent, on £3,500

Diagrams.

No. 1.

No. 2.

19

£ 9.

8 12

S 6J
9 11 V

6 18 1

1 8 6^

11 11

8 6 7|

2 2 4i

10 9 01 15 -2 4*

N<\ 3.

d. j £.
lU 2

6f: 1

11 h 1

5.L| 5

1 8 6f| 1

s. d.
4 4

8 G^

9 n;

2 10
8 (>■;

6 11 4^

2 2 4 .',

8 13 9\

DEFINITIONS OF PRECEDING DIAGRAMS.

Diagram No. 1 shows the products of twenty years' averages (1850 to 1870) at the
average Gazetted prices for Cereals; from 1873 to 1883 with prices for ]Meat; for 1874 at
the preceding twenty-three years' averages.

Diagram No. 2 is estimated on the produce in quantities of 1850 to 1873, at Gazetted
prices for Cereals between 1873 and 1883, and at the estimated prices for Meat for 1874.

The result of Diagrams 1, 2, and 3, as stated below, may be assmued to have been tlie
result had the farm in question been kept up from 1873 to 1883, viz., Diagram No. 1,
£10 9s. Oi-d. ; Diagiam No. 2, £15 2s. 4id. ; Diagxam No. 3, £8 I3s. O-^d. The whole
(including game damages) averaging £11 8s. 4|d.

Diagram No. 3 shows the extent of the fall in value in Cereals for the years of
average, and the inci'case in the lise in prices for Moat, which it will be necessary to obtain
in the future, and which is proved in the following transposition of affairs. It must,
however, be liorne in mind that the three years' averages coidd onlj- have been maintained
by the use of ample capital.

46

O

S V

00 ^

•72 <>: S

H^

~ ~ B

H

£ * a

Q

^ s

;^<

■^ 5^

-<

, 1=^

22

4^

<^

cc g

1-)

00 "~-

*^

2 s^

fe

1^

s ».

&-

t V.

o

> 5^

o

c-^

''^

«!•«

a

•6

0

§

^

• I 1 1 1

1 i

1 1

00

<

™ 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1

'-'

54

CO

o

Ph

-O

0'

o

1 -^

-MM

1 1

1 1

t^

1

■n

■*

1

-!r. «I-j-

^l-tr;N^

-IM

~6

-d

■M 1^

0 ■*!

'C-

u

•"*

^ <!

"-■ M M

r-H I--

32 ^

t^

S b

ij

0 c

0 -0

-fl

3 i

<

a

1s

—•"If

K|-* -IM

"1^

be

s

^ -:f O -- C5

C5

to

a

bS

a

K CO -I 05 ■M

CO CO

1 — 1

<!

<

■— ' —I

'-'

U

•M O C2 ro

CO CO

0

P^

CJ O O CC O

CO CO

l^

CO n c-1 ^

0

0

O^rrj

_^^^i-.„,.,

-j1

T3" O I- Co' O

Cm. 2

o "^

■Emg

K !■--*< CO O

Pm *-

ui

"» o'c-.'cc ^

g

J -o lr^ --T! 1^

(Sg

X X c-i 'ti CO

sc

<

m '-^''^'

^

a

^

'it

a) -1-1 -h|m-|^

5

^ -M -O I- 1^

O"

^<

^ CO -j< i-i CO

0,0 0 CO 00

-*

^ -M CO CO

c^

t2 3

9 S

fcl --H CO ^ CO

C-l

^2

ac

• CO to lO 05
* c^ cq M

CO

00

— -

"S :

y.

n3

>% ;

_

r^

r~

I ; ->"* t

m_

t^ :

.2

P

5

_o

.S

^0

o

: : '^ :

^ j

X

s

0

0

.2

_o

0

ZTJ

Ot

0

! I K^ !

0

%l

r^^ DQ

3

M

■ r-i

•3.2

CU

0

^

.-JS

« P.

: : ■' m

0 fcc

=M

•*^ c

0

-5^

-« 3

a2 ri

0

: : £i M

a

2 1 X- i

|8

I^ :t Ct 1^'

rH

0

X

Q

Ml*

5

'6

e^

C3

a

a

"MM

1 1

1 1 ! 1

1 1 2

■o

1 1

III!

fe

'^

C-l

i

Th

C-l

CO

0

Hi

ai

•d

00

«

<1

-= M M

1 1

MM

1 12

P<

1^

C<I

1

K\-il

nhf «!-*■

-iM-lM

2i

tj

t- 0

UD Oi ic 0

CO C-J

r—t

•-H

0

^

<)

ai 1 1 1

0 t^

00 ^ lO ^

t^ CO

a

^.

'

p
0

PM

<«

C5 0

0000

— -t<

<^

. «hJ<-<lTCMt-J>r<:|^<

-iMreHc

-+t ^1-? tn\~f

-1^

"fe

■

>« 00 r-H 0 00

CO 10

C5 c 0 -*<

c ^

fcE

a

be
be

s

M -^ 0 QC O-l

CO CC

-H Cl >rr CO

c CO

0

.—1 .— (

— 1 .— ( .-1

■-I

•<

■<!

c^ 10 CO C5

00 CO

CO -f C5 0

^ -:J<

a
Ph

qi 30 0 CC ^

^ C3

-+i CO !M ■— 1

vO I—

0

1— »

C-l 'O

'^

■"*

l-H rt

• "d

-1-4<-^I^M|-J'

-fr»-|M

0^ m

r,- 00 t^ >C 00

I^ r}<

s^ ;•■?

P^ C.S

m 0 0 0 0

0 ^

C

4

1^ CO CO C5

H2

CO C2 >!:■ oc

0

0; ^ oi CO .0

>)

^g

^.^'oTi^"

■*_

<!

""^

'-'

O"

*- £

. n'rr '-i-f — l?a

n]-^

to 0 i.O C2 0

C-l

^^

;2 .0 I- CO

. » . .

C' ? ■ :

"Z •« <=>

fi^ 2

CO

0 ip :Zi

'~'

-^ c • 0

_o

0)

2'e X p,

[p

0

g S g 8

Ph

"d

c b X

2

t^

- 0 ^ ©

0

0 .g 0

1

S
p

1

j2
1

1

id

0

«

"1-^

0 W M 5

0

1

0

rt r*

« 0 0 g

^ S S 0

'0

0

0
0

si 0

^ 9

P &

n" 0

^2

be

0

J-* r—

"

1

47

■3

CO

s"

o

s

a 1

1

1

1

1

1

1 ^1

Ph

1

1

1

CO

4^

o

■■«

»~^

L4

03

<!

-d

1

M

1

1

CO
1 -^

=rt

'^

-d

«!—

nl-*^:^ 1

CO

1-

O

-*|

^

<u

a

»4

■^ 1

1

! 1

CO

'^

»0

'-'

^

■~D

O

l~

CO

g

•5

2

ej

• ^iri

-^l-K

-<hf

-Ir

-fri

■-O

&fi

"^cn

O

i^- »— <

•*

r-H

^

g

>o

•«1

u

p

M '"'

o

o cc

'-^

CO

■o

llO

, — 1

CO '-0

C-l

CO

rj<

=«=

en

-*< o

(—1

CO

CO

o

"^

.-1^

-lM-l-*-.hf

o 3

-co

O

O 1^

;:«

(

1. L,

«i '^

?c

•M rO

a)

P<

d

g

. H|-

«l..-

^

h

C2

CO --|M

o

a

= 5

't'

CO r-<

fc<

; f^

Bcc

~l

~

■5

p— 1

g

' »

£

2 •>!

--0

t^ t—

C

pq^o

-*<

'O CO

=3 3

d2

o

-O CO
CO CO

r-i CO

: oi

ac

•-0

o

"T O

cc

- -M

■M

•M

—

oc

-^

M

(1

^^

^

t~l

£

'"'

o

r^H

o

o

r;

^

hi

a

»>

'Hj

c

o

o

0

^J

■-2

.o

9

^3

P(

^s-*

^

O

"^

? ■

K

p

CD

Ph

0

0

O

'o

£

c
o

o

d

Q

ft

C

^

m a

^

r'-

re

^ g

?=

p:

z;o,

d

' )

1

a

\ "*

11

-MM XJCJ^

'^U i 1 1

1 1

<

^ %^^' ^'-^ ^■•'

\A

^<^^^'C

\

^. ^

■d

^<^—

u <o

"MM II

1 1

-hi

-Ici

Hci«!m

'O

C-l ^

^ O 'C O

O) Ol

h ai

"3

s

"MM

o c;

t-- ^ lO <-i

CO CO

o

s«

Ol ^

CO o o o

-)< -tl

g

I— »

> — •

f— ( l-H

cR.

M|-t-*t

-v* nil-

3)

m O O O C5

ifS -*

o O O -+i

i-H i-H

2

•

■—1 i-i

l-l ,-( rl

■— '

-Si

•«1

^ O O CO Ol

1^ CO

CO C: >0 CO

oi CO

-*< lO r-l CO

CO lO

C5 -^ o o

-t< -;.

tJ ^ -f l^ C-)
^ l^ CO !M

CO CO C^ .-1

r^ 1^

CO_^r-l

^_

lO lO

'^

^''

^",4"

-hIm-I-*

rtlrj-HlM

C f— 1

TjC O CO C5

CJ t^

"C K

P-l ^

c^ C = C= O

o ^

k'=

-!»

a

i^ CO CO o

Ifl C5

S S

mCO 05 «o CO

t^* 1— <

!>>

® a

X. ^ n^ CO lO

CO_^Tl<^

"" c

^^ »^ CO t~^

CO i-H

-*f

■<!

CO

^

a

>■ 2

. nw -l* -|M 0!|^<

;<! >c lO C3 CO o-l

^^

-5 >c I- CO ^

.

h«! :=2

^H S • "^

•So 0°

oc

cc .cc »—-

_c

SJ tC X M

*~^

-1 § 1

^ = ° X

S

: : : : co

i "w

Ph O Ct.r-

a.

g

1^

o o c -

Ft,

C

o£ Mea

: : : : 3

jg

: : : : ^

c

1 0

r—^

t+_

o

*

C cc ^ ;c

o

is*

Kf^ S;^

"tr

>H

' — *

->£ C 3c C

C

1 Q

J2,

O

c

- ■ ^ ^

W PH

P

i iJ^ c !C O

1

f^ ?^ X f-i

=H O

c

rt r

a) 5

•« o

c

■!; O

«5 »-

he

a O

c

'^

^

48

Em

H 1=)

2 w

o o
<

m

s °*

■a .3

0 «

0

3^ fl

~ CO C~l
.-H C^J

■* CO

Loss
Pel- Acre.

ri CO

Ph g

Ph

.-HlCM

Cost of
Production.

-O -* (M

M ^ CO

f

P?

2

3

<p
Pm

-:; 0 0

1

PM

. -H|.^-'l-)'

-/■ 1-1 0

0 -^
•4) 1-- 'O

05 (M^

fl

1

o.^ 0

'^Cl

^.'c^i 0

.CO 0

CSCO r-H

!M

CO

■-H

Cereals

Hay, Root, and Green Crops

: ^ t- o

o
So"

o id

o3 3

=P o

"^ O P„

Cf)

p ci

MS

pq

i -1

0 f
0

3 m

^0

'dec'

Loss
Per Acre.

Profit
Per Acre.

Cost of
Production.

"D i}< C^l

M --H CO

ctjco >*<

1

1
1 .

.2*

0)

a;
0

OJO CO

3

fl
fl
-^

V

Ph

T3CD r-|

CO •+
CO «C

Area grown.

a. r. p.

88 2 24

110 0 0

CI

Cereals

Hay, Root, and Green Crops

•a cc CO

^ -M CO

'-!{ O l^

S^'

"S

in

'■Ti m

0

rt

^ 0

0

cS >

03^

,-^

^ rC

m

C ce

ci S

^'-'

•XI

a

'^ A

Wt.

:^ ■A
S""

.-< ai

0 -j^

."S <ij

0

c/045

0

.S S

0 zi

g3

-^ Fl

m ii-S-

p s

o3 "»

P3

49

Ph ^

1 U H^

«|M

.

CO

i 1=1

TJ

p

1 «<1

III!

1 1

I 1

O)

1 1

1 1

^

a>

^

fM

<^

o

(M

tc

»-H

o

PL(

53

■^3

-1*

CO

« 1 ! M

i 1

i !

t^

1)
Ph

w

-

-l-nl*

trm

^1^

;i4

'-'

O l-

GO Tf

o

o

<)

1 1 1 1

4-3

m ' ' 1 1

I— 1 l^

a; .-H

a

;^

3

o

a

=tj

l^ o

t^ CO

o

. Hrfr^lM KIt).

rt]M-|M

^IC'l

bo

S

'O CI CD CO t—

l^ l-H

C5 C^l

C5

&4

=i

a

be

fl

j^ !M (M 1— 1 t^

CO CO

1— ' CO

c-1

<l

<

^

i-t

.-H ■* O CO

VC CO

CI, CO

CO

Ph

=s^2 2 ^

<M CO

lO CO

Ol

CO

CO lO

,d

- ^[-t ^!^-I^l

a; »;

■^ OO i-H "M GO

.2 5

Pi j3

j^- -fi CO c<i o:)

SI

„.

„|u--l^

3

h' O S^ CC r-i

<

m O lO CO l^

S 00 C-) -^ CO

>^

M r-T^""

•^

PM

a

g

O"

j5

^'

t)

<j

ifj «|rq «IM-Hhi(

S (M CO l^ t^

3)

Cp CO Tj< uf CO

P^

■ o o CO oo

'*<

»r-( (>) CO CO

(M

=« 3

» &

fc," — CO f-H CO

(M

ti o

^&

. CO CO »0 05
« C^l O-J (M

CO
CO

4J •

ts :

•^

t4

cj .

>> :

■^

d

o

u

s '■

o

^

r~

§-

.s ■

.2

h

o

r^

S

o

o

o :

^

§

~u :

o

■Ji

P^

1

§

.y o

a

^•G

V

o

R P^

.2

O

CD

o

f-4

'CJ M

i 1

Ph

r-i O

P!

o

-4^

^ ^ -M 03

K^ ci ci CD

o

??pqOfQ

w.

O

,-1 g-c coo

4J'OCOr
d

O aicor

•f

!? f*

d

^q

<u

(1) rt

fj o

(U

1

HW

P5

iz;

0

0

;j

i>

<<

»^ 1 1 1 !

1 1

1 1 1 1 1

1 i

0

u

o

Pi

=tj

0

I-)

0
Ph

^W \ \

1 1

1 1 1 1 1

1 1

0

0
0

«|M

H«-H|N

2

'C

C-1 .-1

T-H 0 »0 0

oa (CI

0

0

'-'

,-H .— 1

4J

<!

^ 1 1 1 1

CO 0

l^ ,_, ifl rt

CO CO

0

S3

u

S

0)

O

Pi

=tj

CI .-<

CO 0 0 0

Ttl ^

0

s

1— <

1— t

T-H 1 1

<;

-2

«|H<

M|H<-N-

rt|-)) COM

cc!

• 0 0 0 05

m ■*

0 0 0 ■*

I-H l-H

CI

bo
p

60
50

• 0 0 CO d

t^ CO

CO 0> vO M

CI CO

0

a

i-H

'-'

■— ' —1

<1

■<!

rJH >0 .-1 CO

CO 110

C5 -<*H C5 0

-# ^

0

^

CJ rt Tt< t~ (M

CO CO d ^

i^ 1^

0

t^ CO (M

CO ^

'^^

vC- >.0

'"'

"

I-H I-H

-IM-IT

-IM-IM

S5

^ 0 0 00 0

ci l-^

^ f— 1 I-H

■3 t<

Pi a,

K 0 0 C C

0 »-H

|-

c

«l-x

fl

I^ CO CO 02

0 cn

<)

./ CO 0^ ttl GO
^r-H^<M__CO__>C

l^ 1— *

CO__TjH^

>.

s

•^

Pi

CO

fl

0*

2

S 'o >o 05 0

-l-'^-^

;2 X? t^ CO

c ^

Pi

-^

"o : : :

0

-M

02 0

r> :oo

.J3 00 . ^

fi| -3

rd

0^ m

0

CC

5

0 § s :

P^

" gw.s

_o

"cl

S,fl &DO

'o

gs.a'^

=+H

.

_ 0 pi

0

3

.2

2

.2*

o^^-l

_3

0
P

4;

P

(h 'r>

II 11

«^H

0 <u ^

'0
0

0

0

0

£. -

2

0

ci"a

Q> ^

^ c

3

0

i 0

< S

bo

c:

3

0

■ — '

-

-t

'"'

50

xn
H
o

n
o

p-l .

CO

^^
h;^

o

H 00

^^

WW

I— I CQ

p-lg

OH

go

1-1 P^i
coo
O cd

CO

w

So

rico
o

coo

^•

KW

?:hi

a

CO

2

'6

;;

• 1 1 1 1

1 1 1

1 1 1

O

Mil

1 1 1

1 1

1 j

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 "

<1

m \ \ \ \

1 ! 1

1 1 1

■-<

1 1 1

1 1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1 1 1 1

1 1

l4

^

o

■M

f^

l^-

•*

:n

»— (

i>\

o

-•I

«• 1 1 1 1

1 1 1

1 !

CO

00

i 1 1 1

1 1 i

1 1

'

0

1 lo
0

-d

rnlM

-IM

r-.|M-|C-]

-d

^|M M|-J<

-^l-cml-*

Ho

■M --<

r-. O O O

-M C-J

i

CO l^

-^ -*i

i^

'"'

<

■ 1 1 1 1

<1

tA 1 1

1 1

CO o

t^ .— 1 iC .-1

CO CO

ih \ \ \ \

c-l I--

C5 ^

-t<

1 1

1 1

fl

^

s

^

s

s

pm

=fi

0-1 r-(

CO o o o

-ti -f

o

S

ij

t^ o

t^ o

Ol

o

a
<

■—1

m

Q)

nl^

ml^rHhJ*

-It tcM-

oS

. re|^M|*H^icc|,ji

kItK -<|:.i

rtW-lM

«!•;•

ci

g

-^■2 2

O 03

1(2 ^

O O CO -+■

i-H 1— t

kn

a

■dC^ (N ■* ?0

^ rH

O (M

iuo

r-H r-H 1 — 1

,-H

^

a

ffiO o

CO o-i

t— CO

CO C5 O CO

'M CO

s

^. O CO C2 00

.-1 oo

C5 CO

-M

tc

a

1 — 1

■ — <

1— 1 1 — 1

<i,

<)

^

'"'

-^

<1

-^ >o

.— 1 CO

CO o

CI -t< CTi o

■* -+<

(-<

„ , (M t^ O >C

>0 CO

00 00

!N

Ctjr-I -*(

I- CI

«o I— t

CO O C-l -H

l^ 1^

flj

=rt (M O O l^

1^ CO

o CO

'^

I-- CO

C^I

co__^

Tt<_

>f2 >c

(M (M rt

O

t^ itO

CO

^"

-^"^

^ CO ^ (>) 00

O J2

^3 o o

CO C5

rH|M

^

O 2

■^ jn

\ ^

■Sm

oi rt< CO IM CO

Qj ^
^ Ph

OJO O

o o

'-'

•^

Ph

s^

^

=£.

.H|-^«|^ ^IM

§

1^- CO

rH|M

CD 03

'?

!2

1^ CO -* 05

a

CO C2

^O 00

•5

a

-+I ^ >c o

r— » 'M

CO o

<<

C3 CO iC -*<

<!

t>^

>>

t-roo"

t~-^

OJ

^^ ^H

3

c

pj

'■+3

Fm

C3

O"

■^

O O ^ rt

O"

£

^

cci-H

-**- leg

CO >rj CO •*

vt^ l^

CO

fH

^H

O

^

Ph

■ O O O CO

^r-H C^l CO CO

^

_fl

-M

41

t," ^ CO ^ CO

-M

. 'O 50 lO 05

CO

_o : :o

02 'r5

=5 (M (M <M

CO

■a

: :

^- CO
'S : : =>

s~

,

be

fi Eg

.2

a

3

?, =1^

0

fc!

o ?> S ^

■^H

'r2

o

-tJ O CO ^^

s •
a

tC 1 "^

0

o
o
■+5 .

^ cc bco

O 1 3 s

cu 0 u 0

^

o3 ;

"o

a

_S

o
O
o

J3

1^

.2

0)
ft

:

0
P-{

0

_o

fl :

o

=* rt §;>

"S

*^' 'T- 2 C

0

•g

QPh

_o

m \
>^

P :
o ■

s

1=; .

q :

1

0 J, fi -i^

0 C 0 -yi

mi

W OH

0

P

p^

tS ^-i

O <D

Ph

gg

^ v^ PI °

E! nS 3i 1^

O

o

<

>
p

51

1

13 .

on
and
t, an
rops,

KW

reh*

"■l-f

-IM

-u"

CO

00

0

•3^§"

"S

to

CO

0

-g£«S

1

'"'

^s

0

•>!*<

>re

t^

(■-

■*

'"

"

-w

-IM

•d

0

lO

CO

w u ai

.• 1

0

■^

C3

^

0

CD

0

.-l«

4J

"O 50

«3 1- ?>

0 0) n

=^2

ri

-in

t-, 0

-c^jT

-M

o-^

-^ 2

X s

0

Crrf

K

U p

t-l

■^-o

■^

■-•hi

-a<^

^

^ (D

S IH

m'^'

0

n, 0

=rtt-

-1<

m

.2*

.'-t-f

0

TS ^

>— '

a>

M

"2

cc

. ^

f-C-l

0

0

a a

M

"O ,-,

tb ^

"' •>!

0

c

CO c-

^2

^•co

0

0

S

0 oi

CO

iH

g '^

6
(—1

© 0

0 0

'^

" CO"

g

ti V

cS

'Zr !=i

0

p 0

»-|l

0

2 ^

1

0

-»^

P

1 1

^

To

w

'^ ^

0

^1

> E?

=2

0

Ch

cc CO

g

0

s

0
0

0
^

<1

H «

0

'tf

r-*

s

-ti

Ph

OS

^

g

>>

0
0

^

1

D '2

THIRD SECTION OF ACCOUNTS,

SHOWINa, IN SIX DIAGRAMS,

VIZ.,

Till' Frvditcin obtaiiteil in Cercah behveeu 1850 <.ind 1870 al Cost
Prices, including Interest on Capital employed under the circum-
stances uttendimj Wilton House Rome Farm, the Averages Icing
calculated, viz., for Wheat, 6*. \\d., Barley, 3s. 11^/., Oats
or Dredge, :Jv. 10|^., and Beans or Bulse, 5.s\ %d. ; and for
]S71, 1872, 'ind 1873 at 4-?. ^\d. for Wheat, 3*. \d. for Barley,
£s'. %\d. for Olds, mid -ys. ^hd. for Beans or Pulse.

A diactKam showing increased production

REALISED AT THE ABOVE PRICES;

TOGETHEK WITH

SCHEDULES SHOWING THE COMPARATIVE

PER-CENTAGES REALISED ON THE THREE SECTIONS

OF ACCOUNTS ALREADY ILLUSTRATED.

55

r^l*

-^|.n

-<|M

S

CO

t^

ri

•-1

£

CO

OO

iM

c

X 1 1 1 i

II II 1 1 I 1

1 1

1 1 1 1

1 1

<1

^ 1 1 1 1

1 ! 1 1 _^ 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1 1 1

1 1

^__^

CO

^

_^.

a!

=>J

CO

CO

=§

^

Ph

rj

'-'l-f

!"'

CO

o
-^

'MM

i 1 1 M MM

1 1

MM

1 1

o :

=rt

(1|

CO

o

^I-J. m|^

<^i-*

ccH*

Ml-CMl'M rt!^.

rH|-,-lM

fj

TS

O l^

co ■*

I- CO

O O O O

>0 CI

CO

--J

• 1 1 1 I

Tj< l^

C-l rt

1 1 1 1

O O^J

!M ■* CD rH

CD O

o

i=

;_

1 1 1 1

'-'

1 1 1 1

^

3
o

(h

=rt

C5 O

C5 CD

'M .-1

CO o o o

-*< -t<

o

s

>— *

i-H

f— H 1 — I

m-fl -.]:>)

-1-f rH|~]

"ItK I

-hfr+t -.W

n-T^l-^

nivxHrihr

Ml*

r.^^

E

■ I- O ^ lO

O ,-(

—I

O CO CO •— '

C5 (M

O l^ 00 ^

C5 --1

co'

1?

S

3

'^ r— (

1
j

•-' '-'

Ei

. -O ^ ^ 05

C5 CO

t-

t^ IM ■* O

O >+

O l^ O CO

^ CO

CO

bo

<

<1

-H O ■M lO

35 CO

CO

.-1 C5 l~ 'tl

CO CM

CD .-1 1^ O

if5 ~f

^

s

Ph

ttj O -t< -H C5

.— 1 CO

tC

CO .— 1 -t< '^^

C<l C^l

-(■ CO CO i-i

I-- 1^

C-t 'M •>)

CO

00

I- CO c-i

CO i-H

Tt<^

ic? »r?

■"^

'"'

,-H -H

Stt!

. -1-^— 1 -!^

.^M,^-f„|^

pHlH-nlTt

'^

^1

-^ rt ,— 1 O 'M

^ O O l^ o

O 00

o

> — 1

'"' r-H 1 — 1

^,

S 3

• • 01

o

g"

m --D CC -M lO

g_o o o o

O .-1

s's

1-1=

— s ^

-^IX

Hoc"!--

1 — 1 o

;-l

^ ^!,,- „|,, ,^|,,

t-- CO CD C5

>o o

a ;<;

o O C3 GO •—<

CO o ic CO

S 3

^ '•JD 1!^ -O t^

• • m T-c c^j o vO

CO ^

■pif?

Oh (3

li CO <M ^ CO

,Q - - -

_>.

W ^'r-T

S3 1^ oo t^

CO

a^

O '^

ai

o •;

3

>o cs

C?

fc, g

"3 H'M "ImH-j-

.m|^( -WrtlN

rH|~qm|.i<

co' ji

,a CM 'O t^ t^

; • CO ic »o 05 lO

m c^

^<

»co Tf o CO

,Q lO I— O

O .-1

CO

o -^

H^ -S

y3 '£

•O O CO 00

Tj<

o

P b

c8 «

P<--| (M CO CO

^. 1

p:s

E ^

^^co ^co

c^ i

o

^

^i

1

1

-s «

6D

. CD -O 'O C2
O c-l -M 'M

00

=o|

o

53 1^

,~^— ^

Pn'iJ

.4^ . . ....

■ • o

• ^

^ I I I ! I t

: : ic

r:} '^

tK

Hrf ^

-Ti

K'. f— <

OO

t-H ^

;h

.a =fH

•-H

1— 1 a,

oi . . ....

K^ . r ; ; . .

.2

s 1

P<

p;;; . ^ . ....

-Sis

2 o S

3

6D

O

: o : : : :

gW.g

Ph

.3

O

<i>

o

a

o

T^ O
O . (H ....

O • CB ....

:

s ^1

g^a o

a> o

cS

a
.2

m

fi

p o

.J3-r: c! ....

^ ^ 2 : : : :

^

^*-i

^ § 'o ....
Ts 3 >; ■ : : :

rt <C o3

o

1

C S 1? CD

9 2 Ph

■S o w3 <^ ^ o

Ph <^ 9„

O

o

o

^•'"^

Y

•sivan

30

•SJO

aQ xaaH-o axv 'xoojj 'j5

VH

56

a

M

c'.l^.

-d

>o

ai"

p

0

^

-MM

1 1

1

1 '^ MM i

i i

1 M 1

1 1

CO

-t<

1=

1^

<+i

o

CO

-^

C-l

CO

CO

CO

ca

o

fl

9

<
1

'6

1 1

1

o

1 '" MM

1 !

1 M 1

1 1

CO

o

f.}^ rtit

-■iM

bHi-

n]-tt

rel-^.-.|M H^

.-IM-IM

aJ

'^

l~ 1^

CO

-*

t~~ CO

O O O O

IC -M

CO

<1

• I I 1 1

Ct 1^

1^

r— 1

1 1 1 1

O "M

C-l ^ CO O

CO CO

o

"§

h

1 1 II

^^

'-' ■— '

g

(^

=»»

Ci o

o

CO

O^l .—1

CO o o ^

-f ~f

o

1

""

o

1

^i-i-^i->— ^1

-'M ^lc>i

Hj^,-^ ^4^

wH-H-t

^l-t■nlT^^I-f.

^.t

!^!-)<

fl

^I~C ^C5

CO ^

CO

O O CO r-l

cs c^

O t^ CO "*i

c; •-<

CO

5

\r>

<

_ ^ CO O r^

O CC

(X>

r^ cq 'i* o

i-O -*

© t^ O CO

I— < CO

CO

M

■— '

'-'

: >-i >-i .— 1

■-1

1-1 i-H

'— '

r^ CO >c o

lO CO

CO

.-1 C5 t^ ^

CO (N

CO .-1 t^ o

IC -f

^

>■

tj Ci O C-l O

cc CO

t— (

CO r-l -t< C'l

•M (N

■* 00 CO --I

I— 1^

Ph

^ ■M •>! C-i .-1

CO

C5

l^ CO -M

CO^i-H

^_

>C i.-I

^

. ::l-t ^ kItji

. "k-l'^rel*

—iTt^H-

o §

-a •— ■— 1 o !M

jQ O 05 t~ O

O CO

■^

•cm

'"'

^

K CO CO C-1 O

g,o O O O

o ^

o

P.

C r-< 1

g

^i.'^r^

gs

0

. -it» nhf «1N

t-- CO CO o^

lO Oi

"S;!

s

■S t— CO -* OJ

. CO O >0 CO

1^ ■— 1

^

la

S ■* ■* lO O

CO -m

itn ^^

«!!

co'r-T

^^'S

c

S

l-l rH

■—I

CO

^ .2

cS

p-i

Of

O .^ 1

h 0^

rd _

. tChi< -<|*«|M

rtlMnw

►^ c

» -O O --I r-l

• 02 lO »0 Oi to

>0 -M

f^l

3 CO ic to -ti
pq

: £ >(o I- CO

O .-H

CO

a "*^

0,0 O CO CO

-*<

o ;

^^'

ce c"

^ c-1 CO CO

■M

^1

^^ CO .-H CO

(M

o :

. CO CO vo C5

00

o

oS C^ C^l (M

00

'T^ i

^ o ==

^ ?

.1? :

: : o

. . >o

o t

to

00

p^ "^

TJ

•—I

• <;^

t^* :

f^ CJ_(

00

^ V

o

g

w "^

OS

»»

'o

00 5g

o

^ :

.g

o ....

o

a,

2f^

"o

^ .

f^ ....

P< bCp"

a

CI

o

•^

o •
o •

.2

•g

CO

<s ....

0) ^ o

P

"3 "s^

§ ^ = = ^

p

?r.'^

iC

•s

ej ....

1

Ah

o
O

ti. cS nS a>

CO

s ^ s ^ §

o

'5

o

(.

"^^

""~

Y

•e^van

^0

•SaOH,

3 Kaa^

Q QKV 'xooy; 'avjj

57

r-lM

— 1^

KH<

S

-d

t-

CO

CO

s

• 1 1 I I

1 1 1

1

1 ® 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1 1 1

1 1

CO

Ci

1 1 1

1

1 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1 1 1

1 1

S3

P4

03

o

-4^

=4

»0

CO

1

P4

s
P4

^ 1 1 1 i

1 1 1

i

o

1=^ MM

! i

1 M 1

1 1

CO
o
o

::h- k1-:<

-1-1

y,^

„i^

ccWHn -**

«|M-|M

1

o

d

CO 1~

r-i

-ti

t^ CO

O O O O

»re OI

CO

^

o

<!

^ ! 1 1 j

1~ 1—

-H

,_,

MM

O ■>!

C>1 ■* CO r-l

CO CO

o

1

53
P-i

--I

1

o

a
<

0)

=«

— o

,__,

CO

iM —1

CO o o o

tJ< ^

o

•"■

^

'^

'"' '"'

. ct|,)i«l-(.

^Icl -In

-<I+ '^<,t -«•

"I-*--!-*

M|,j<M|^t.:|r(.

-k

^:-f

1

a

"O >o o ^ o

<X3 -^

O

O CO O .-1

C> ■>!

O 1^ OO rf<

02 r-l

00

"-I

—I

r-1 -H

60

3

„• CO tH •TO O

>0 CO

CO

l^ Ol Tf O

>n -j-

O t^ O CO

-H CO

00

60

<

^

. .— 1 I-l .— .

'-'

■— ' ■— '

•~'

CO -*! O 'O

CO CO

1-

•-' C5 t^ )-

CO Ol

O ^ 1-- O

o -*

,-,

33

^ CO <M C-l — 1

CO CO

o

CO --I -f •>)

Ol OJ

-f CO CO ^

l^ 1^

(2

o

o

l^ CO Ol

^ *"*

~t<

tO »o

I

■^

•-^

,-1 ,-1

1

S^

rcoHTi— ( k]^

S O C5 i:~ O

-WkI-*

'^

P<2

"^ -( ^ O C^l

o CO

o

-2 s

0)

Cm
Ah"

MO CO C-l o

=1.0 o o o

o ^

'o< .

- S r:J

, rl=

o '^

r^lM

-Ix.'^H

•^ "=

ui

r-lM-W-l-

t— CO CO CJ3

ire C5

t* ;c:

^ "M r-i v^ CTi

• CO o 'O 00

l^ —1

."ti ,a

^ 3

2 lO «0 lO ■*

: ■£ rt ^1 CO ifj

CO Ttl

P^"^

_g.

Png

f^0^-*<_50 -J<

^ i^ oo~ t--^

co~--r

3S

•IH

■<

I— 1 r-H r-(

CO

1

o 5

a-

S o ^ >o .o

CO lO lO C5 lO

co' §

o ^

p^-* o CO -t<

• ^ lo t^ CO

O .-H

CO

i

• o o o CO

P<^ -M CO CO

^

o

o

o

^ ?

So

•«■ .-H CO .— ■ C-;

Ol

=i

o

■ ^

o

J o o o o

cc

•-H

-*-^ V

<

~ c-i c-i n

CO

•"^

g «

—

71 2

If

ci :

•^

5l

:t

l^

co"

r^ :

.ii '■ in

'"'

"^^ ^

s

« '^

.2

CO 5a

J3

■/J w

^o

CO 2

o o ^

qn

r^ :

rz~ ....

"" S ?i

^

•^^

....

.2

.2

2 S d

-CD

.9

"o

-^ .

--2 ....

^ C o

m

fl

o :

C •-- 1-

- r^ X)

_o

ZC:

^

'OS-

!i)

>-i

2

--

ft

• ■ be K

c ....
S • : . :

p

o

: -.Tii '^

e

-i ....

ci g r^

.+J

^!^

s'g

p

^^ E 12

o

fi ^

1 3

^

O o a3

O

j2 ^ •.£ 3!

o

III

o

>s.

^ a tri a

^

WfiH

p

y

•Siva

^3 0

•SdOH;^

) xaaiTf) asiv 'xoojj 'av

a

58

K

-f*

,

-

.

-In

"O

CO

oo

0<l

c

■ 1 1 1 1

1 1

1

\ ^ 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1 1 1

1 1

CO

t^

-<

^- 1 1 1 1

1 !

1

1 -^ 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1 1 1

1 1

1

V!

?i

^

0-1

-*.3

33

2

^

f^

<
3

^ 1 1 1 1

i 1

1

CO
1.^ 1 1 1 1

i 1

I 11 1

"

CO
o
o

H'M ^.i-i-

^ J,

"H

mH*>

031^—1^1 —Hi

-!M-|M

•

O I-

co'

"*■'

i^ CO

o c o o

'-0 <M

CO

i

•^

1— 1 .-H r-H rt

<

rA \ \ \ \

^ t^

00

'-'

O Ol

0-1 -* CO ^

CO CO

o !

0

i,

■M

t^ o

i^

CO

C<1 ^

CO o o o

-f -+■

o ;

1

•— •

^-

t-H ^-

1

1

I

?
§?

. H-i— 4-# ^;|-)<

-W -In

„|ri-,^ -IM

mt-C-H

Kl-fxl^r^l-

-|-»

-'-!.

Q

■d ^1 o CO t^

t^ t-H

cc

C CO CO ^

C3 -M

O l^ 00 rh

o ^

00

l-c

f:

— ,— 1

b):

_ • -M -M .— • l~

CO CO

r— f

1 ^ 'VJ ^ ^

»C -+-

CD i^ o CO

^ CO

CO

<

-^

^ "^ ,— ( rt

■— '

'-''—''—

•-'

i-.

^ -ti c cz;

vO CO

Oi

^ ^ ,^ ^

CO 01

CO .-H 1^ o

lO rt<

^

(5

tij o o o o

Ol CO

o

CO -^ -h -1

Ol C-l

-i< CO CO ^

1— t—

C-l --1 rt

CO

CO

>o lO

1

— '

-T

-Tr-T

j^

(D — i

-** -l--«'l

. -i^-iH'x'-t

-l-T"!-:'

1-^

ftj

^ CO ^ c-i a:

pO O C2 I- O

33 CO

CJ

<l> M

>-»

»■ -^i oo c~i c^

; t-

S -

o

Q CO

•

. -Ki-i.o Mn

— T

-(X=^l"

r-— O

^ => C5 cc ^

1- CO CO c;

-a '-^

a 3

,q CO >f3 :o 1^

: » CO — J lO CO

1 ^ — '

•

■l^

>>

P.g

goo-,^-rcc

;5 ■"! "^l — . '~

"'. ~

<<

pq ^ ^

i-^ cc' 1 -

CO ■ — 1

O c

c

o

0

o

1 CO ^ vfl ro

c —

co'l

s-§

•O O O CO

^^

o

P 1:

cS °

P^t-H c<i CO CO

C^l

fil

? ^

h^ CO -H CO

(M

: o

J o

■4J Qi

< t

^ b

to

•5D O O O
° C-l C<I IM

00

O

o ^

00

ao

!^

O §^

— *-v.— —

-s ■

• o

■ "^

cs :

: : >rr>

'rf 5

■n

CO

r-H ^j

'P

r^i .— 1

00

f— H ,'

s

P : «

o

£

o g §

-1^ M O

1

CO S

d

^

:3§g

ID

c

rt ■

_o : : : :

gW rt

P<

'S

O

■rH

"o

CO in""

^
fl

K

"c

C^

Pm

?•§.€

't-i

o :

o : : : :
P< • • • ■

CB

Oi & p!
o '^ o

o

1=1

fi

*3 s

rt ....
.2 : : : :

o^%

p

?i o

■^

'^l'.-^

C4H

cc X

o rt

p 2 cj

o

"3 "H

03 '^

5'i

'o S

'5

s s^

: :^f^

o : • : :

^ ....

O O tn

1^ ^ Si,
WPH

O

« ^ ^ ®

j:S !h -tJ ci

C ci =tf o

o i5 o p o

o

o

CD
P

•s^va^3

30

•S'.IO

HQ Naa^f) axv 'xoo^ 'av]

I

59

mlrC

m'-^

g"

CO

oi

o

■ 1 1 1 1

1 1

1

12 1 1 1 1

1 i

1 1 1 1

1 1

cc

lO

<!

m 1 1 1 1

1 1

1

! 1

1 1 1 1

1 !

^

o

(— <

01

<u

i^

l^

t^

1*

P4

<a

o

u

Ph

»; 1 1 1 1

1 1

1

CO

l2 1 1 1 1

i 1

MM

1 1

CO

o
o

:

r^lM C^l-C

-^i-f

mH.

eST

r^l-f-lM Ht

-(-I-^IM

0)

"d

CO 1-

Tt<

1- CO

O ~' o o

'Q fM

CO

'-'

^ ^ ^ rt

4^3

<)

»• 1 1 ! 1

C-l I-

o

,-1

MM

O Ol

Ol -+1 CD rH

CO CD

o

o

h

r-t

'-<

■—1

(2

=^

t- o

l-~

o

(M .—1

CO o o o

^ -#

o

1

""*

*"*

""

Ki-finii'rHiriMl-i*

nl4< rnlT-l

-l-t

H+'-N- H-*

c:i.T.^.«'

wHnl-i'Ml.^

Ht

-It

a

^T C-4 'M -t< ^

rt< ^

o

O O CD ■— 1

CI Ol

O l^ 03 Tt<

C5 .-1

cc

m

T-H r— *

h

s

<1

A

^

• O CO C5 CO

^ K

Ci

t— (M •* O

>o -t<

O t^ O CO

r-^ CO

cc

. .-1 .-H .-1

'-'

•— ' '-'

'~'

(M t^ C5 vo

lio CO

OO

^ 05 J^ ■*

CO c-1

CD 1— ( t^ O

>c -t<

,_!

f^

=(J(>a O O t^

t^ CO

o

CO ^ >* (M

CN (N

^ OO CO r-H

I— t—

(5

IN C-l ^

O

l^

t- CO (M

CO r-l

^^

'(5 >0_

S ID

„|^. ^H-^lM

S O Oi l^ o

rf|.i<nl+

'^

o

.2 =3

-S CO '-H <M CO

C5 CO

o

'Hp3

OS Tj< CO (M CO

ftO o o o

O .-1

'H< -

Ph

(D

ui

-■h- nf "1^1

-Ir..

-..H2

-^^l

-^"t- CO -t< m

. I-^ CO CO C3

o cn>

•Uf§

S 2

m -f< -H >o o

m CO 05 >o CO

t-^ »— 1

^1

S C2 CO I'T -t<

P^ .-Tr-r

: ,a 1— 1 CI CD >C'
i-Tco't^

CO

a^

O"

— —

—

-i'g

ml^ -.iTt^lM

^IWCCl-h

co" g

mO O ^ r-i

Cf^O 'O O 'O

lO iM

:i TO >^ ro -f
PP

' ^ »0 l~^ CD

O r-l

CO

• c o CO CO

■^

c

"r-l C^ CO CO

•M

O ui

rt S

o

« f;

V-'r-H CO ^ CO

(M

£ s

^2

o

-M ^

be

c^SS^-

00
CO

;^

O 00

"cs :
1

cc

. CO

f^ r— (

.2
o

P^ :

t^ : : : :

O S 0)

OD

o

.s

_o

p<

C

o

o
a

o .

1 : : : :

P J2 '^

r-*^ 1h 00

o

pq

o

m

P4

O o ^

*pj

"S

J, ....

CD v^.O

o o „

o
o

'o
o

o

0

0) OJ

IK x^

ti ....

P

o o : o j3

'o
o

WPH

o

pi

CD

y-

"*'

•siva

naO

•S.IOH^

3 xaa-!i

|c) QKV 'j,ooy; 'av

H

60

E

-d

^

CO

o

s

^ 1 1 1 1

1 1

1

1

o

INI

1 1

1 M 1

1 1

CO

1^

t4

o

,_

^

-<"

=tj

CO

CO

^

Ph

■M

c^

o

s

Oj

1

1 i

'

1

o

Mil

i 1

1 1 ! 1

i 1

CO

o

o

'6

«!•*

cCHi

CCItK

Kh-

tClH'-l-M r-I-l.

-iMr-ln

s

C5 1^

•^

-t<

t^ CO

o o o o

lO C^

CO

o

I-H r-< I-H rt

-^3

M : : : :

>o 1^

CO

-'

O N

(M ■+ O I-H

CO CO

o

o

(^

1^

00 o

00

o

■M --I

CO o c o

-+| -f

o

a

I-H

1 — 1

I-H I— I

<

.

„i-.-j'-f,H[-]

-IN

o

H-f-:-* Ml-*

«|*Ml-i.

r.-e^rtH-rth'Khi'

-IH.

-h|h.

e
3

-B t^ cc' O O

-M >-l

1— (

O CD O T-H

05 C-l

O l^ CO Tjt

C3 I-H

CO

s

""*

.-H >-(

be

0

^ CO -H o Iff

-f CO

■M

t^ C-l >* o

O -f

o 1- o CO

rt CO

CO

'"'

1 1 i-H

^ r-H i-H

o CO ^ CO

-H CO

-+1

>-i Ol t^ ^

CO I-H

CO ^ I - O

vO -t<

,_,

J'

tj -* 'M OO 00

CO CO

CO --l ^ (M

-f< CO CO r-H

l^ l^

Ph

^ C-I Oa rH

t^

oo

i^ CO (>j

^''

>C vO

4

. pj|* rt|^r-.|M

. -1-*. m[-?.s3|^

'--Kl-H

g i

13 00 .-1 (N 00

^ O C5 t- o

c; 00

■tS

2?

;„- '^ CO 01 CO

n

^o o o o

o ^

o

p.

■p* •

^

r

gs

rHJC-] ,-1^. r^l^.

-l»

-1-'- ~l^

o

P

■ C^ r-l O Ci

t^ CO o o

o ::>

^ .2

g

•S o >o VO -f

• CO C5 >o 00

c3 ;s

^

^

^ -^

■-3

h

CO

=* ~

a

(J'
f^

0-2

<§

h ^

j3

nw -ikHN

HmkH-

"m O rj< >0 >0

K lO >0 C5 >0

>0 iM

3 Tf< lO o -*

,o I-; 1^ o

O r-H

— ,

do o o oc

-*<

o

o-e

^

.-H -M CO CO

•M

I

-w~-»

_.—■ CO .-( CO

c-l

o

o 5

60

• -O CO 'O OS
* -M C-l (M

CO
CO

o :

rH

* :

: : o

. to

cc

00

03 -CS

'S

•■^

^ S

13 .

:^ =*H

.S : o

p ■ -

-2 ^ X

00

.2

gi

1

h :

t^

3

CO ^

o

!? fc'co"

W3

cS

CC

.s

1

.13 CJ

o

'5

p;

0

i; 1— {

cs-r;
O 60

g

IIS

g

Ph
o

s i

o

^■~«-S

o

(— i tH

'o §

Ph

2 c

O

tj. re ce Oi

6

^ o fe o

o

o

3
-^

P

I

•sivai

aO

•saoH;;

) xaan^ axv 'xoojj 'avjj

61

[^

o ^

ii

«i

>o

ft^

00

P

-*Ni

:<

H

S^

o

p^

-ii

at'

Ph

::^

!^

Ph

fc

■;^

>-^

P^

S>

*:

1— 1

f-^

Ul

;:i

H

^

W

-^

H

•^j

t^

a

1— 1

^

CO

-s

W

e

r»T

<^

H

H

5j

^

■;;::

W

:5

o

K

N

•r-

P-,

S

^!-r

-**

„ij.

r-'-p

-l?l

,

TS-O

C2

•— '

o'

o

■*

,_,

O

'""'

—<

_^-

m ■^"

(X

C-.

cc

—

"M

,_,

^

^^

.— '

trt-o

^

^

^

~

C~l

^

'^

^

o'

-do

-i-t

ei-f

^l-T*

-hi

o

d

.jiXl

CO

o

(X

.-

^1

1^

!^

trt-^

'"'

'"'

'-^

C5

(M

^;

tvl-.

^yf

cl*

.1^

H-t

■^

'^:=;

ci'

;=;

o

'"'

-f'

-*

6

X ^

cc

c:

cc

■o

•M

O

^

=f!C^

■"■

^

■-

t^

c-i

O

.-tl

.1^

-w

c^i-j.

-i^

Kl-f

cc

'^"

'"^'

•"*

"

■M

-f

o

d

■J. ^'

'■Jl

c^

cc

O

■M

'M

;<

V c?

^-t

,—

^

1_

(M

C5

'~~'

^

.^.l-r

t^l-r-

RM-

«|M

Hm

c-;

":; -f

O

;:^

o

■*

o

d

.,; 2C

-■^

C2

tx

,_

<M

1-

y^

^

ttiC

,-1

,_,

,_

vC

(M

t^

^"^

""■

coer

-*

'^:i;

o

;i;

o

O

Tf

Tfl

d

0- ^

cc

C-.

X

<x

CI

o

y

tp.CJ

'"'

■^

^

2

C-l

1^

^

~-IM

K!-i<

■n

r^ (-^

CO

CO

S -i-^

^^%T;i <p

• -f

o

cc

<= § ^ s .

' —*

fl-S =«:H :

■^Ir

•o

-^

eratio
at Mi
lers, a
cons
ent

i~

_

-H

"S

in consid
r annum
three Vali
owever, is

improvem

o

0-1

^

^

C ^'o '" ^

OS

1]

O

'11

o

CO

e amou
•m, £.30
nations
s claim,
nexhaus

c

M

c3
X

c

s

9

ed th
e Fai

e Vah

Thi

for u

5

fcc

s

CD

y:

^

r^

Cj

o

'^rd ^ . «

"S

o

o

S

'cf

CO

O

.1

o

0)

1

should be ;
;ed value of
iccording to
in Append]
any other cL

1

S

1— 1

ci

'ci

o

a

c3

1

=^.5 22-5 3

CD

t^

^

tS

^3

^

a

o

O

r:3

C

O

• — •

Ph

H

<

<

ffi

P

1

62

COMPAKATIVE PER-CENTAGES OBTAINED IN FARMING
THE WILTON HOUSE HOME FARM WITH A CAPITAL
OF £3,500, EMPLOYED VIZ. : —

£ s. d.

The first section of accounts is a statement of facts as they
occurred between 1850 and 1873; the details are
recorded in folio 22, and show under the circumstances
to have produced a per-centage of ... ... ... 11 :l Ih

The accounts of the farm as they had previously been kept
were discontinued at Michaelmas, 1873 ; but assuming
that the yield of the farm between 1850 and 1873
could have been maintained between 1873 and 1883, it
follows that the quantities of produce obtained in the
twenty-three years, if sold at the gazetted prices for
cereals, and the market prices were obtained for the
quality of meat produced on the farm for the same
period, would show a per-centage of profit equal to . . . 9 0 9|

But taking the relative products at cost prices, including
interest on capital employed, as might have occurred
between 1873 and 1883, it is shown, folio 61, that the
amount of profit would be, per cent. ... ... ... 14 Dllf

It thus follows that in considering the circumstances of the farm in
question the last per-centage of profits recorded are preferable to the
former, as proved in the analysis. The result, however, is at variance
with public opinion as to the future of the land question in this kingdom,
which is thus shown to depend upon the amovint of capital that can be
brought to bear in developing the resources of the land. The analysis
proves that the farm was farmed profitably during the first section, and
through the influence of increased production would have held its own
during the second section up to the transposition of prices for produce in
1883 and subsequently. The analysis of the third section of accounts is
in effect a paradox, as it will be borne in mind that every pound of meat
made on 198 acres, 2 roods, 24' perches of arable land with only the aid
of a sheep-down, was produced at a loss of 2|d. on the prices realised in
the twenty-three years; but, nevertheless, the loss on every pound
produced in the aggregate was 3|d., as shown in folio 32 ; but, moreover,
through the transposition of prices the six diagrams, folio 55, give the
profitable sale prices, including- interest on capital, viz. : Mutton, 10|d. ;

63

beef, 9'^ d.; swine, Tfd. ; poultry, lOd. (per carcase sinking offal), and
with prices for meat at tliis ratio t'le said diagrams prove that cereals may
be grown profitably in this kingdom, even when sold at low prices.

These facts, however, are admitted to be at variance with public
opinion, but they nevertheless are true. Moreover, it is admitted that
they might have been produced at less cost than has been shown had a
more skilful direction of operations on the Wilton House Home Farm been
observed. The aim in cultivation was intended to be synonymous with
that on the Kingston Lacey Estate, in the parish of Shapwick, in the
county of Dorset, which on an extensive scale was carried out by the
late Mr. Martin Small, who was the pioneer of good farming, not only
in that district, but through the length and breadth of the kingdom.
He broke up down-pasture land and exhausted old lays (valued by a
committee of farmers at below five shillings an acre), still he never
allowed the virgin fertility of the areas broken up to be diminished.
Between the years 1836 and 1884 he maintained the increased pro-
ductiveness of his farm, and harvested one of his finest crops in 1883,
the crops on the newly broken-up " uplands " being equal to former
yields on the best soils of the farm. On a large part of his holding he
succeeded bankrupt tenants, who surrendered to him lands in a foul and
exhausted condition; but, nevertheless, he ended his career as an
exemplary agriculturist, benefiting not only himself, but his landlord's
estate, through profitable farming. Should the present management of
the Home Farm, as regai-ds the course of cropping and the amount of
stock kept, be shown to be identical with that so successfully j^receding
it, the results enumerated in the dissection will be borne out. But let us
assume an alteration in the course of management, and the produce
scheme done away with, it will be necessary to further illustrate its
action, and perhaps this can best be effected through assuming that Lord
Herbert of Lea, by putting the rent of the farm on the produce principle,
placed himself in the dual position of landlord and tenant ; and by
expending three times the amount in manure and feeding stuffs, he was
justified in claiming 10 per cent, on the pivot rent (£27 per annum).
It might, however, appear as if he were paying it to himself, and thus
reduced the rent which he would have paid had he not been entitled to
an allowance for manure. But supposing in 1873 he had renewed his
engagement to hold the farm for another term of twenty years, and not
to have spent the required amount in manure and feeding stuffs. To the
detriment of the farm the rent would Ije increased by the amount of his
lessened expenditure, so that at the end of the second term he would

64

have increased his reutj andj as it were, exhausted the benefit arising'
from the £27 per annum, which he obtained for manure in the first
term of his holding*.

Again, suppose he surrendered his second term Iw giving up the
farm in its normal condition, he as tenant under the circumstances,
would in effect forfeit the advantage which the allowance for manure
and feeding stuffs afforded him, and thus, as it were, pay the landlord
compensation for his loss in fertility to the extent of the manure clause.
The design of the produce scheme for rents, with its allowance for
manure and feeding stuffs contemplated this result, and was proposed as
a guarantee to the landlord for, and an encoiu'agement to, the tenant in
maintaining increased productiveness, as exemplified on the Wilton House
Home Farm in 1873, and on Mr. Martin Small's extensive holding at
Shapwick in 1883.

WILTON HOUSE HOME FARM.

EXPOSITION^

FIRST SECTION OF ACCOUNTS,

FKOM

MICHAELMAS, 1850, to MICHAELMAS, 1873,

TOGETHER WITH ITS

APJPJEJSrniX AWI) CONCLUSIONS,

67

EXPOSITION OF RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS,

As shoivn in the 'preceding balance sheets, and in the synopsis, folio 16.

The preceding accounts, showing the averages of twenty-three years,
are statements of facts, and not estimates.

The receijits in respect of cereals are made up by the amount for grain
sold, as shown in the balance sheet (folio 16), with the quantities con-
sumed on the farm at their relative market prices. The grain consumed
by stock increased the manurial value of the hay, root, and green crops
feed on the farm. The average area in cereals grown annually has been
88 acres, 3 roods, and 24 perches (or four-ninths of the area cropped per
annum).

The straw arising from the same is computed from the average of
the thirteen years, which is taken as a criterion for the twenty-three,
and is as follows, viz. :

a.
26

r.
1

P-
10

Wheat ...

26
25

3

1

20
36

Barley ...
Oats or Dredge

9

3

38

Beaus or Pulse

88 2 24

Per Acre.
Tons. cwt. qr.
1 16 2^
1 6 1
1 11 3^
1 13 1|

8 0

Total.
Tons. cwt. qr.
48 2 04

35 5
40 13

It

16 12 24

140 13 2

These quantities, priced at their relative values, stand thus

i

Price
per Ton. j

Wheat

Barley

Oats and Dredge

Beans or Pulse ...

Tons.

48

35

i 40

16

cwt. qr.
2 01
5 l|

13 U

12 2i

£ s. d.

1 10 0

2 0 0
2 0 0
1 0 0

£ s. d.
72 3 Oi

70 10 U"
81 6 7i
16 12 8'

Total value of Straw per annum

£240 13 3

Hay.

Hay consumed with root ;ind green crops, viz. :

fi s. d.
By sheep, 5 cwt., 3 qrs., 6 lbs., at £2 10s. per ton, 14s. e^d. per

acre, or on 1 1 0 acres per annum ... ... ... ... 79 17 3^

By cattle, 1 cwt., 2 qi-s., 19 lbs., at £2 10s. per ton, 4s. 2:^d. per

acre, or per annum on 110 acres ... ... ... ... 23 0 7^

Amount being per acre on the area of the farm, £1 14s. 7d.

102 17 11

343 11

This amount forms no part of the financial account, but indicates the
value of the tenant^s property in connection with 110 acres of hay, root,
E 2

68

and green crops, contracted by agreement, to be spent on the farm, and
thereby utihsed in adding to its fertility ; but nevertheless it must be
borne in mind that the hay, root, and green crops could not be converted
into meat without the aid of these productions, and therefore this item
cannot be said to have been used exclusively for the benefit of the
landlord.

The amount received for hire of horses and implements is the balance
remaining as interest on capital and tenant's profit after deducting
charges made on the demesne account. (See appendix, 131).

ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURE IN RESPECT OF FARM,

As shoivn in general balance sheet, folio 16.

Manual Labour, £3 5s. 9d. per acre.

This item shows the aggregate amount spent per acre in the cost of
producing the crops, as exemplified in folio 16, but is exclusive of the
baihff's salary, which in this instance is considered to be defrayed out of
the farming profits of the tenant, and also is exclusive of the weekly
rents of four cottag-es, which are allowed in the wages of the carter,
shepherd, and herdsmen stationed near the homestead, the amount
considered for each cottage being equivalent to 4d. or Cd. per acre.

Artificial Manures, 12s. 0-]d.

This item is spread over the area of the arable land, as its application
could not be separately distinguished in the production of the respective
crops grown. It will, however, be observed that the amount applied to
the root and cereal crops has only been such as to promote early
vegetation, the fully developed crop being secured by increased fertility
in the soil.

Seeds Purchased and Those of Home Growth is 1.3s. 7d.

This average is obtained from their marketable values.

Horse Corn and Forage, £1 Os. lOid.

This is considered the only annual expense against horses, the
depreciation of horse-flesh being accounted for in the respective
inventories, valued by Messrs. Coombes and Son ; harness, &c., being
classed as implements.

69

Bailiff's Market and Fair Expenses, 2s. 2|d.,

including commission on the sale of lambs in London, are those in-
cm'red by the bailiff, irrespective of his ovm maintenance.

Cost and Wear and Tear of Imple:ments and Hurdles, 6s. 2fd.,
includes the farm portion as well as for hire, three extra horses being
kept for this purpose. The implements used were sufficient for double
the area of the farm. Therefore, the price per acre may be assumed to
be higher than was absolutely necessary. The sum received from the
demesne for hire of horses and implements may be considered as an
equivalent, in lieu of interest for farming capital and tenant's profit
employed in this department.

The Items for Sundries and Bad Debts
are shown as they were incurred, 3s. 9;|d.

Feeding Stuffs, £3 17s. Okl. per acre on Area of Arable.

The cost, £6 19s. lAd. per acre on the area of the hay, root, and
green crops, is apparently high, but this may in part be attributable to
there being no pasture-land, except inferior sheep downs, attached to
the farm, and the amount paid for agistment in the park being
designedly small. The foreshare of the Water-meadoAV was charged
separately to sheep under that heading. A question, however, arises
as to the policy of keeping so large an ewe flock, and whether, with
better management and less cost, the hay, root, and green crops could
not have been converted into meat more profitably.

Bent, Rates and Taxes, £1 10s. 3d.

The farm in question being situated in three parishes, and the
parochial rates and tithe rent charges being also divergent, the rent of
£1 10s. 3d. was adopted, supposing the farm to be extra parochial with a
view of arriving at a result, which would be analogous to other parts of the
Wilton House estate, of which the farm in question is considered a type.
It was also used as a test to show the effect produced upon rents by the
abrogation of the Corn Laws, and the consequent introduction of free
trade into this country. That being the case, it will be necessary to
show how this rent is analogous to the letting of other farms on the
estate, which are let subject to the tenant defraying parochial rates and
tithe rent charges; hence the £1 10s. 3d. should be sub-divided thus, viz.:

70

d.

The poor, cliureh, and highway rates (averag-ing- 3s. 4d. iu
the pound on the rateable value) ; the proportion
charged for parochial rates in the assessment o£ the
county of Wilts 0 5 0

Tithe rent charges (tithe owners paying rates thereon) ... 0 6 0

0 11 0
Rent payable to landlords, the tenant finding straw for

thatched buildings, and being allowed a moiety of the
cost of workmanship incurred thereby, the tenant also
being compelled to consume by stock all hay, root, and
green crops and straw on the farm ... . . ... 019 3

1 10 3

The parochial rates and tithe rent charge being payable by the
tenant, the 19s. 3d. would be due to the landlord subject to deductions,
as stated below. The 19s. 3d. would, however, depend upon the average
prices of meat, barley, and wheat, in accordance with the produce
principle of letting farms on the Wilton House estate, and their
equivalents would stand thus, viz. : —

Rent Payable to Landlord, 19s. 3d.

fth meat, 15|th lbs. at 6d.

|th barley, Ijoth bushels at 3s. 6d.

fth wheat, 1^^ bushels at 6s. Od.

Allowance to the tenant for manure per acre and per annum
on the arable land cropped, being an amount allowed with
a view to cancel the tenant^s claim for unexhausted im-
provement in manures, and also with a view to secure
to the landlord improved condition of the holding. This
allowance, however, being contingent on the proportion
of the tenant's expenditure in oil-cakes and artificial
manures purchased, and not arising from the produce of
thefarm 1 10

Landlord's rent ... ... ... .- ••• 19 3

s.

(i.

£

s.

d.

7

8| at Os. 6d.

= 0

7

8

3

101 at 4s. Od.

= 0

1

4

7

8| at 7s. Od.

= 0

8

11

19

3

1

1

1

71

Analysis op the Landlord's Rent, as above.

The farm in question being considered a, type of the Wilton House
estate (though an inferior one), the following detailed estimate of the
landlord's rent is arrived at by applying to it the conditions affecting
the property as a whole. Interest upon outlay on following : —
Boundaries, fencing, roads, and water supply ... ... ... 1 2\

Farm homesteading ... ... ... ... ... ... 8 7|

Labourers' cottages ... ... ... ... ... ... 27

Amount of rent due to landlord as interest on expenditure in

carrying out above ... ... ... ... ... 12 4f

Balance remaining subject to the following contingencies, viz.:
Repairs and restorations, drainage, educational purposes,
and local subscriptions ... ... ... ... ... ^0 10|

19 3

The rent of the farm being determined at £30U per annum, but
nevertheless subject to an adjustment in conformity to the Earl of
Pembroke's principle of letting farms on his Wiltshire estates, which was
regulated by the market prices of produce as they arose prior to the
abrogation of the Com Laws, and settled npon the following conditions,
viz. :

The fixed or pivot rent in the agreement being £100 gross, or £90
net per annum, or, otherwise, the value of 1,600 lbs. of meat, 114^
bushels of barley, and 113^ bushels of wheat (subject, however, to an
allowance for manure), which quantities respectively are to be converted
into money on the average prices of three years, and continued yearly, so
as to be always the average of the preceding three years, the meat to
be determined by the average prices of beef, mutton, lamb, veal, and
pork, in Smithfield, or the returns of the principal market in London as
published in the Mark Lane Express, and the value per bushel of the
barley and wheat to be obtained from the returns which are made for
ascertaining the annual value of the tithe rent charges in England and
Wales, an allowance to be made annually for manures purchased, and not

* The balance, 6s. 10|d. (which, out of a rent of 30s. 3d. per acre, equal to little
more than 1-oth), is the amount the landlord actually receives as net income from the
rental part of his estate. It ought to he rcmemhered that the duties and position
of the owner of land requires that he should set aside a part of his income for
district and county responsibilities, and that in many cases the amount of interest on
capital thus made dormant exceeds by thousands of pounds per annum the rental value
of his residence and grounds.

72

arising from the produce of the farm, this amount not to exceed 10 per
cent, of the net annual fixed or pivot rent of £90 per annum. The
allowance, however, being contingent on the proportions, varying from
one-half to one-third, of the tenant^s expenditure in oil-cakes and
artificial manures purchased.

The prices wliich have governed the rental of Wilton House estate
from 1850 to 1870 stood thus: Meat, 6kl. per lb.; Barley, Is. Id. per
bushel; and Wheat, 6s. 6^d. per bushel.

And the following sections show the range of action during the
entire period as regards landlord and tenant :

Rent accruing on throe years' market averages under

first contract
Rent accruing on modified standard 1846

Amount conceded to tenant per cent, in adoption of
standard 1846

Rent accruing on modified standard 1846

Rent due on three years' averages, standard 1864

Amount conceded to tenant by abatement in rent of
£9 7s. per cent, on the rents of 1862-3-4 ...

Amount accruing on three years' averages, standard )
1864 ■ /

Amoimt received by Earl of Pembroke fi-om Michaelmas, }
1852, to Michaelmas, 1872 \

Balance in favour of tenant per cent, up to 1873, when }
the produce rents were abolished ... ... . . . \

Gross.

Net.

£

111
109

s.
19
10

d.
4

£
102
100

s.
19
10

d.

n

4

2

9

3|

2

9

3|

109
106

10
12

4

2i

100
97

10
12

4
2^

2

18

1*

2

18

H

106 12
106 3 3

>i

0 S 11

97 12 2i
97 3 31

0 8 11

In connection with this explanation a remarkal)le coincidence occurs.
The range of prices between 1850 and 1870, and upon which the rents
of the estate of which the Wilton House Home Farm is a type were
governed were, as has been shown, viz., 6kl. per lb. for meat, 4s. 4d. for
barley, and 6s. G^d. per bushel for wheat, tlie balance, with those prices,
being in favour of the tenant to the extent of 8s. lid. per cent. Whilst
the estimate of Sir R. PeeFs government for the range of prices, on the
abrogation of the Corn Laws, was 6d. per lb. for meat, 4s. for barley,
and Gs. per bushel for wheat. These were supplied to the Government
by the late Lord Herbert of Lea in 1864, and they have been borne out
by the results of his Home Farm.

THE

STOCK ACCOUNTS,

GIVING

FURTHER DETAILS

AS REGARDS

SHEEP, SWINE,
CATTLE. POULTRY.

THE SHEEP ACCOUNT.— RECEIPTS A^J) PAYMENTS.

13 Years. Fkom Michaelmas, 1850, to Michaelmas, 1863.

Dr.

To V((liiation
at Michaelmas, 1850.

48 Six-teeth Wclhcrs40/- )
100 Foiu'-toeth Wethers }

38/-)
120 Chilver Lambs 32/-
10 Fat Sheep ... 48/-
20 Full-mouthed Ewes

45/-
98 Four-teeth Ewes 45/-
79 Six-teeth Ewes 45/-

To riirchases,

90 Ewes ...
4 Rams
1 Lamb
Hire of Rams

To Balance in favoui- of
Sheep carried forward

Live
Weight.

Cr.

By Salt's, riz. : —

Fat Sheep

Rams and Stock Sheep

sold by hand ...
Infei'ior Mutton ...
AYool, 18,980 lbs. @ 16d.
Hire of Rams
Skins ...

Dt/ Valuation
at Michaelmas, 1863.

320 Ewes

2 Ram Lambs
60 Chilver Lambs
6 Cull Lambs

21,267

12,109
1,857

2.5,760

Dead
Weight.

534

356,281

49,779

254

6,148

453

13

181,626

1,682

Per
cent, of
Dead to

Live
Weight

51

s. d.

286 0 0

192 0 0

24 0 0

443 5 0

220

30

0

53

0 0

0 0

2 0

0 0

945 5 0

303 2 0

8,338 10 lOi

5,596 19 Oi

1,518 9 ^

41 12 9

1,281 10 0

8 17 2

15 9 U

960 0 0

8 0 0

150 0 0

6 0 0

8,462 17 101

1,124 0 0

£ s. d.

9,586 17 lOi

9,586 17 lOi

Xote. — The price per 11). live weight is arrived at by di^^ding• the valuation amount of the
different classes by theu- respective weights. This applies to all subsequent Statements in the
Stock Account.

76

THE SHEEP ACCOUNT.

Shoio'mg the respective Balances and Returns for Food Consumed.

13 Yeaiis. FiioM Michaelmas, 1850, to Michaelmas, 1863.

£ s. d.

Bushels.

£ s. d.

£ s. d.

£ s. (-1.

Cr.

By Btilance brought forward

8,338 10 lOi

I)r.

To Produce Consumed, viz. —

Wheat

343

0 4 U

70 13 3

—

Barley

434-

0 4 2l

9 1 4

—

Oats

5,653"'

0 3 oi

854 6 9i

. —

Pease

922J

0 5 25

240 16 2i

—

Beans ...

3,2713

0 5 Q>h

907 2 Ol

—

Buck- wheat

5J-
Tons cwt. qr. lb.

0 3 3^

0 16 7|

—

Bran

2 16 3 0
Sacks.

5 14 7

16 5 2

—

Malt Dust

144
Tons cwt. qr. lb.

0 4 6i

32 14 0

—

Oil Cake ' ...

182 5 1 15

10 11 2

1,924 8 7

—

Eape Cake

9 3 2 27

6 11 Oji

61 1 7

—

Hay consumed of Horned

growth, 422 tons 2 cwt. >

1,055 7 6

—

—

3qrs. 17 lbs. at 50/- ...J

Green and Eoot Crops, in-^

eluding loss by decay and

waste, and, moreover, in-

cluding the pasturage of •

3,165 17 9i

—

—

—

—

G6a. Or. 24p. of Down

pasture, 14,652 tons, 5 cwt.,

at4/3J ;

4 221 5 3i

4,221 5 ?,\

—

—

8,338 10 lOi

ADDENDA TO SHEEI

* ACCOUNT.— PER 100

EWES.

13 Years. From Mich^

elmas, 1850, TO Mich.\el.'

IAS, 1863.

Forage Consumed.

^\Tieat

Barley

Oats

Pease

Beans

Buck-wheat

Bran

Malt-dust

Oil Cake

Eape Cake

Hay

Green and Eoot Crops. . .

£

1

0 5

23 19

6 17

- 1 25 9

^i 0 0

s. d.

19 10

5 1

7

W

0

9

U

0

18

4

54

0

9

1

14

4

^1

29 12 5

Stock Purchased (Per Ewe, 1/8)

88 14 3i

8 10 U

242 10 8

Eelative Sale Quantity.

■^Tij Four and Six-teeth Wethei's
ISt'o Fat Ewes

3to Inferior jNIutton
■ 7t o Earns sold for Stock . . .
31ti; Lambs killed for ]\Iutton
20^ Lambs killed for Lamb

2y^ Earns sold for INIutton

0^ Stock Tegs sold for Mutton

^xti Stock Lambs ...

^Ta )> Culls

2t?^ „ Ewes

Wool, 533 lbs. ; being for each
Ewe 5 lbs. 5 ozs., including
Tegs reared to supply Flock
Hire of Earns
Skins ...
Increase in value of Inventory

£ s. d.

.. 9

15

u

.. 45

12

Ih

.. 3

18

u

.. 26

11

7

.. 59

19

0

.. 33

15

6

5

5

Of

.. 0

18

3$

.. 9

19

lOi

... 0

7

91

... 4

14

5

• 35

19

H

... 0

4

11

... 0

8

8i

... 5

0

4

242

10

9

Being per Ewe £2 8s. 6d. per Annum, IMutton averaging 7id. per lb., and Wool 1/6 per lb.,
or 23/8^ for Eoot and Green Crops, after deducting 23/1^ for Feeding-stuffs pmxhased.

Average number of Eives kept jmr Annum— '21 -i: for 13 Tears.

Lambs reared, per cent, on Ewes ... 103-85 I Fatting Ewes lost per cent. ... ... 0-33

Breeding Ewes lost per cent 5-89 | ,, Tegs lost per cent 0-76

77

THE SHEEP ACCOUNT.— RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

1 Yeae. To Michaelmas, 1864.

Dr.

To Valuation

Live

■weight.

Per

lb.

Dead
■weight.

Per
lb.

Percent, of

deadto live

weight.

at Miflhaelmas, 1863.

320 Ewes

2 Earn Lambs

60 Cliilvcr Lambs
6 Cull Lambs —

lbs.

49,799

254

6,148

453

d.

%

lbs.

d.

£ s. d.
960 0 0

8 0 0
150 0 0

6 0 0

£ s. d.
1,124 0 0

£ s. d.

1 l'>4 0 0

To Balance in favour of
Sheep carried for-ward

934 8 lOJ

2,058 8 lOi

Cr.

Bi/ Sales, viz. —

28 Fat Ewes

14 Stock Hams
8 Earns sold for Mutton
3 5 0 Lambs sold for Lamb
1 7 Inferior Mutton . . .

4,443

1,862

1,028

28,441

3f

3i

5i

2,238

"617
14,170

lOf

...

...

50

50
49

69 8 1\
41 10 O"
13 15 1
641 13 9
18 1 6

784 8 61
178 0 0

1,096 0 4

—

1,808 lbs. of Wool at
1/1 If (valuation price)

By Valuation
at Michaelmas, 1801.
305 Stock Ewes

28 Fat Ewes

1 3 Ram Lambs
3 Lambs

1

960 15 0

99 3 4

32 10 0

3 12 0

*

2,058 8 lOi

1 Yeau. To Michaelmas, 1864.

Dr.
To Balance brought f or^ward

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz
^\^lcat Meal (per bush, of 43^ lbs.)
Barlev Meal (per bush, of 50 lbs.)
Oat Meal (per bush, of 40 lbs.) ...
Beans (per bush, of 63 lbs.)

Bran ...

Malt-dust

Oilcake

Indian Com (per bush, of 601bs.)...

Milk

Hay consumed of home gro^v\-th —

16t. lOcwt. 3qrs. lllbs. at 50 -
Stra-w ditto, 9t. lOc-w't. 2qrs. 4 lbs.
Amount realised for Green and Root

Crops ...

Bushels

Cost Price.

134f
32WV
1 132^

2491
c^wt. qr. lb.
7 3 17
40 sacks
c'wt. qr. lb.
4 2 26
7-^

£41

418 14 b\)

A.

lOA

934 8 lOi

78

THE SliEEP ACCOUNT.— EECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

1 YE.A.R. To Michaelmas,

1865.

Dr.

To Valuation

Live
weight.

Per
lb.

Dead
weight.

Per
lb.

Per cent, of

dead to
live weight.

at Michaelmas, 1864.
305 Stock Ewes

28 Fat Ewes

1 3 Earn Lamias

3 Lambs

lbs.

...

d.

...

lbs.

d.

£ s. d.

960 15 0

99 3 4

32 10 0

3 12 0

£ s. d.

1,096 0 4
288 8 0

£ s. d.

To Purchases, viz. :
103 Stock Ewes ... ; ...

1 384 8 4

To balance in favour
of Sheep carried
forward

925 2 8^
105 12 0

988 12 4.]

2,373 0 8i

Cr.

By Sales, viz. :
59 Fat Ewes, &c. ...
11 Earns sold for

Mutton

20 Stock Earns

14 Lambs sold by hand

356 Lambs sold by

weight

10,467

1,845

27,039

4
3

5,274
936

13,637

8
6

10|

50
50

50

173 15 2i

23 8 0
83 0 0
28 0 0

616 19 6

—

1,206 lbs. of Wool @
Is, 9d. per lb.

...

—

By Valuation
at Michaelmas, 1865.

340 Stock Ewes ...V
23 Fat Ewes ... |
2 Earn Lambs • • ■ }•
2 old Earns

1,030 14 8h
1,342 6 0

2,373 0 8A

1 Year.

To Michaelmas, 1865,

Quantities

con.sumed.

Dr.

Bushels.

Oust Price.

£

s.

d.

£ s.

d.

To Balance brought forward . . .

...

988 12

H

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. :

f,

s,

d

Wheat Meal (per bushel of 58 lbs.)

348

0

5

0

87

0

0

— .

Barley Meal (per bushel of 51 lbs.)

159

0

3

6

37

16

6

_

Oatmeal (per bushel of 40 lbs.)...

...

l,184i

0

3

0

177

13

6

—

Beans (per bushel of 66^ lbs.) . . .

2421
T. cwt. qr. lb.

0

0

6

66

13

9

—

Bran

15 17

5

8

0

6

16

8

—

Malt-dust

37 sacks.
T. cwt. qr. lb.

0

3

9

6

18

9

—

Oilcake

10 9 3 8

11

0

4

118

3

lU

—

Indian Corn (per bushel of 60 lbs.)

326

0

3

9f

62

2

m

—

Hay consumed of Home giowth —

^

23 t. 3cwts. Oqr. 26 lbs. («, 50s.... £

J/

18 Oh

Straw— 2 It. 13cwts. 3 qr. 15 lbs....

0

0 0 .

425

6

4i

—

Amount realised for Green and

Eoot Crops ... ... ... 3

')7

8 4 ;

988 1''

.|i

_,^_

79

THE SHEEP ACCOUNT.— EECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

1 Year. To Michaelmas,

1866.

.

Br.

To Valuation

Live

weight.

Per

lb.

Dead

weight.

Per

lb.

Per cent, of

dead to live

weight.

at Michaelmas, 1865.

340 Stock Ewes ...">
2 Earn Lambs . . . ,-

2 Old Rams ...)
23 Fat Ewes ... \

3 Lambs \

lbs.

d. 1 lbs.

d.

...

£ s. d.
1,255 0 0

87 6 0

S, s. d.

1,342 6 0
340 0 0

£ s. d.

To Purchases, viz. —
100 Stock Ewes

—

To Balance in favour of
Sheep carried forward

1,682 6 0
993 17 2

—

2,676 3 2

Cr.

By Sales, viz. —
54 Fat Ewes, &c.
3 Rams sold for Mutton
3 Culled Lambs (1865)
14 Stock Ram Lambs
272 Lambs by Hand...
66 Lambs

9,310
548
183

27,911
4,912

4

6
6

4,683

276

87

2,532

8|
9

50
50

47

...

51

169 14 5

8 15 3

3 5 3

65 15 0

706 18 0

119 12 3

—

1,074 0 2
106 10 0

—

1,420 lbs. of Wool at
Is. 6d. per lb.

1,368 0 0

124 13 0

3 0 0

—

By Valuation
at Michaelmas, 1866.

342 Ewes

40 Fat Ewes

1 Earn

1

1,180 10 2
1,495 13 0

—

2,676 3 2

1 Yeak.

To Michaelmas, 1866.

Quantities

Consumed.

Price.

Dr.

Bushels.

£

s.

d.

£ s.

d.

£ s. d.

To Balance brought forward

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —

...

993 17 2

Wheat Meal (per bush, of 56 lbs.)

H

0

4

10

1 0

11

—

Oat Meal (per bush, of 38 lbs.)

266

0

3

1

41 0

2

—

Beans (per bush, of 65 lbs.)

472

0

5

10

137 13

4

—

Peas (per bush, of 60 lbs.)

107
T. cwt. qr. lb.

0

6

3

?,■?, 8

9

—

Bran

15 5 1 19

0

8

0

82 9

3

—

Malt-dust

9 sacks
T. cwt. qr. lb.

0

3

6

1 11

6

—

Oilcake

14 3 0 1
Bushels.

11

11

6

163 15

9

—

Indian com (per bush, of 60 lbs.)

1174

0

4

0

23 10

0

—

Hay consumed of Home Growth —

1

15t. 4 c. Iqr. 2 lb.s. at 50/ ... £38

0 8 1

Straw ditto, 12t. lie. 3qrs. 10 lbs.

V

509 7

6

—

Amount realised for Green and

1

Root Crops ... .. .. 471

6 lOj

993 17 2

80

THE SHEEP ACCOUNT.— EECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1867.

Br.

To Vahcation

Live

weight.

Price
per
lb.

Dead
weight

Price
per
lb.

Percent, oi

deadtoUve

weight.

at Michaelmas, 1866.

342 Ewes

40 Fat Ewes

1 Earn

lbs.

d.

lbs.

d.

£ s. d.

1,368 0 0

124 13 0

3 0 0

£ s. d.

1,495 13 0
300 0 0

£ s. d.

To Fiirchases, viz. —
100 Stock Ewes

1,795 13 0
512 7 4

To Balance in f avom- of
Sheep carried forward

2,308 0 4

Cr.
By Sales, viz. —

39 Fat Ewes

6 Stock Ewes

1 Old Earn sold for
Mutton

125 Lambs

136 Ditto (by hand) ...
80 Ditto ditto
15 Stock Earns

2 Ditto (on hire) ...
Skins

7,434
879

224
10,698
11,676

2,306

^1
%

3,828
503

122
5,533

8J

6
Hi

51

57

541
51§

135 11 3
14 1 10

3 1 0

260 12 3

240 16 0

143 0 0

89 14 0

10 0 0

3 10 0

900 6 4
77 0 0

—

308 Fleeces of Wool
(valuation amount) . . .

1,137 10 0

145 0 0

9 9 0

38 15 0

—

By Valuation
at Michaelmas, 1867.

350 Ewes

58 Fat Ewes

3 Eams

31 Lambs

977 6 4
1 3,'?0 1 4 0

2 308 0 4

\

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1867.

Br.

Quantity.

Price

£

s.

d.

£ .s.

d.

To Balance brought forward

512 7

4

Cr.

By Froduce consumed, viz. —

Busliels.

&

•s.

A.

Barley Meal Slixture, composed of Maize, Wheat,

Eye, Barley, Beans, and Peas (per bush, of 581bs.)

^

0

5

0

0

5

9

—

Oats (per bush, of 37 lbs.)

424

0

3

6

74

4

0

--

Peas (per bush, of 62 lbs.)

140

0

5

6

28

10

0

—

Beans (per bush, of 63 lbs.)

5621
T. cwt. qrt lb.

0

6

3

175

15

8

—

Oilcake

18 1 0 12

11

IS

6

215

6

2

—

Bran ...

1 16 1 14

5

9

0

9

18

2

—

Hay

26 10 2 24

2

10

0

66

6

9

—

Straw

21 4 1 18

—

~

670 6

6

Cost of purchased Food beyond the amount of
jn-ofit realised by Sales, &c., representing a loss

57 19

2

81

THE SHEEP ACCOUNT.— EECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

L Year. To Michaelmas

1868.

Br.

To Vahditioii

Live P""=^
weight. \^

Dead ^^
weight. \^

Per cent.of

dead to live

weight.

at Jfic/uichiuis, 1867.
350 Ewes at 65/-
58 Fat Ewes at 50/- ...
3 Earns at 63/-
31 Lambs at 25/-

lbs.

d.

lbs

...

£ s. d.

1,137 10 0

145 0 0

9 9 0

38 15 0

£ s. d.

1,330 14 0
77 0 0

235 0 0

459 6 11

£ s. d.

308 Fleeces of \Vool ...

To Purchases, viz. —
100 Ewes at 47/-

To Balance in favour of
Sheep carried forward

2 102 0 V

Cr.

By Sales, viz. —

93 Fat Ewes

4 Stock Ewes ...
239 Fat Lambs
32 Ham Lambs

16,697

564

21,671

4,529

3i
3

4|
4i

9,065

303

11,396

2,391

...
...

6i

n

54
53|
52i
52i

242 4 21

" 1 3 6'

436 7 4

82 17 7

768 12 1h
6 0 0"

166 13 0
1,160 14 6

—

30 Skins

Si/ Valuation
at Michaehiias, 1868.
625 Fleeces of Wool ...
275 Ewes at 48/-
100 Fat Ewes at 47/-...
163 Fat Lambs at 30/-
3 Rams at 44/-
9 Ram Lambs at 32/6 ...

660 0 0

235 0 0

244 10 0

6 12 0

14 12 6

—

1

•> 102 0 1'

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1868.

Dr.

Pre-.

& s.

d.

£ s. d.

To Balance brought forward

459 6 11

Cr.

Bii Trodnce consumed, viz. —

Bushels.

£

s. d.

Barley Meal ]\Ii.\ture (shepherd's dog) composed

of Barley, Dredge, Peas, Beans and Rye (per

bush, of 57 lbs.) ...

1

0

5 3

0 5

3

—

Oats

130

0

3 6

22 15

0

—

Peas

90

0

6 0

27 0

0

—

Beans

3351
T. cwt. qr. lb.

0

6 6

109 0

9

—

Oilcake

20 15 3 1

12

6 8

256 7

U

—

Bran

9 3 0 20
Bushels.

0

4 6i

47 17

n

--

Malt-dust

92
T. cwt. qr. lb.

0

1 0

4 12

0

—

Hay

31 16 1 24

2

10 0

79 11

1^

—

Straw

7 2 1 16

—

—

547 9 2

Cost of purchased Food beyond the amount of

profit realised by Sales, &c., representing a loss

88 3 U

82

THE 8HEEP ACCOUNT.— KECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

1 Y]

:aii. To Michaelma

S 1869.

Br.

To VuhintioH

Live "^

weight. p{;^

Dead
weight.

Price
per
lb.

Percent, of!

dead to live

weight.

at Michaelmas, 1868.
275 Ewes at 48/-
100 Ditto (fat) at 47/-
163 Lambs (fat) at 30/-
3 Rams at 44 -
9 Ditto Lambs at 32/6

lbs.

d.

lbs.

...

d.

::

£ s. d.
660 0 0
235 0 0
244 10 0
6 12 0

14 12 6

£ s, d.

1,160 14 6
166 13 0

307 17 6
921 7 9^

£ s. d.

625 Fleeces of Wool . . .

To Fnrchancs, viz. —
120 Stock Ewes
1 Earn

...

300 0 0
7 17 6

—

To Balance in favour of
Sheep cariied forward

2,556 12 9

Cr.

By Sales, riz. —

2 Stock Ewes

109 Fat Ewes

43 Rams

163 Fat Lambs of 1868
310 Ditto 1869

304

18,381

7,222

18,616

27,157

n

3i
3i

149

9,089

3,839

9,033

13,951

5i

7

m
u
H

49

49

53

481

oil

3 7 11
268 6 9
187 19 6
282 5 7i
538 10 0

1,280 9 9i
3 5 O'
170 10 0

99'' 8 0

—

Skins . .

428 Fleeces of Wool ...

By Valuation

to 3Iichael)iias, 1869.

303 Ewes at 55/-

57 Ditto (fat) at 54/-...

1 Ram

833 5 0

153 18 0

5 5 0

—

460 Fleeces of Wool ...

110 0 0

2,556 12 91

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas, 1869.

Br.

Quantity.

I

rice.

£

s.

d.

£ s. d.

To Balance brought forward

921 7 9^

Cr.

By Broducc consumed, viz. —

Barley ISIeal JMixture (shei^herd's dog) composed

of Barley, Pc;us, Beans, and Dredoe (per bush.

Bush. lbs.

£

s. d.

of 47 lbs.)

3 35

0

4 43

0

16

61

—

Oats

22 li 0

0

3 6

38

14

0

Beans

477 0

0

6 0

143

2

0

—

Wheat

144 0

0

6 0

43

4

0

Barley (spoiled)

400 0

0

2 6

50

0

0

—

Indian Corn (69 lbs. per bush.)

63 0

0

3 7A

11

8

41

—

Malt-dust

32 0

T. ewt. qr. lb.

0

1 0

1

12

0

—

Oilcake

19 12 2 20

11

17 1

232

17

U

—

Bran ...

4 10 3 11

5

5 0

23

16

lU

—

Hay

60 19 2 10

2

10 0

152

8

9

—

Straw

2 18 3 27

—

—

697 19 9

Amount rcali-cd beyond cost of purchased Food
and Hay, at 50 - per ton

- i

223 8 04

83

THE SHEEP ACCOUNT.— EECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1870.

Dr.

To I'dhtation
at Jlic/iacliiKin, 1869.

303 Ewes @ 55/- ...
57 Fat ditto (a 54/-...
1 Eiim

460 Fleeces of Wool

To Piirc/iasc's, viz. —
1 Stock Ewe and Lamb
430 Ditto

To Balance in favour of
Sheep carried for ward

Cr.

By Sales, viz.- —
3 Stock Ewes
90 Fat Ewes
1 Fat Lamb, 1869 ...
■249 ditto, 1870
Zb Eam Lambs, 1S70

Skins ...

By Valuation,
Michachiias, 1870.
230 Ewes (ft 50/- ...
44 Fat Ewes ^a; 49/-...
64 Lambs @ 37/- ...
1 Hiim

730 Fleeces of Wool

Live
weight.

lbs.

16,598

84

23,165

4,800

Price
per
lb.

3h
bl
5"
51

Dead
weight.

lbs.

Price Per cent, of
per I dead to live
lb. weight. ;

235

7,905

40

11,843

2,403

6

n

12

n

lU

48

475

51

50

£

s.

d.

833

0

0

153

18

0

5

5

0

4 10 0
03 0 0

G

1 0

253

3 3

2

0 0

483

1 3

116

0 7

575 0 0

107 16 0

118 8 0

4 10 0

992 8 0
110 0 0

67 10 0
636 9 7

860 0 1
3 10 0

805 14
136 17

1,806 7 7

1,806 7 7

1 Yeau. To Michaelmas, 1870.

Dr.

To BaUoicc brought forward

Bushels.

£

s.

d.

£ s.

d.

£ a. d.
636 9 7

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —
Barley 3I(al ilixtm-e (shepherd's dog) ...

Beans

Peas

2
454
139

0
0
0

4
5
5

3
9
0

0 8

130 10

34 15

6
6
0

—

Bran

Malt-dust ..

T. cwt. qr. lb.
2 5 2 14
205 Slicks

4
0

14
1

8
0

10 15
10 5

0

—

OilCake

Hay

Straw

T. cwt.qr. lb.

18 11 3

28 11 1 2

9 14 2 11

11
2

16
10

7
0

213 13
71 8

7
2

471 16 8i

Amormt realised beyond the cost of purchased
food and hay @ 50/- per ton ...

164 12 10|

F -J,

84

G O

1870.

CO

o

CO

1869.

00

1-1

o

CO

i

Ol

CO

CO

c5

CO

i

o

CO

00

o
o

CO

13 Yea.-s'
Average,
1850 -1863.

Ol

1

w

ps?

1869. 1870.

c^

i

-t<

00

C-l'

CO

8

00

=1-
o

CT

1 2

1863.
102

•?! oTco

"Is

jH<] 00

103-85

o

g

O-l

i

-BOO -f<

O

CO

1868.

Ml-*

CO
CO

1867.

"^ 'O o

0!O5 CO

CO

to
1

CO

CO

1

tS CO to

M ^ CO

OS

1

mC5 CO

m|.*

CO
00

-IM

CO
CO

13 Years'
Average,
1850—1863.

. HM-I^l

■t; ,-c ■>}(

;„• CO lO

CO

CO

Ol

O

• a

: <c

9

6
S 8

P-iPh

'cS

CO

^ ST'^ =^

CO

to

00

sl-S^S 1

00

00

'^■^'^ ^ 1

'"'

^

o

^o

>

fe

^3 'd '^' _; 1

-T^

^

0=^H.- 1

«■«

5

H

i;

u

^•^•^•-■;^

»^

CD

Tl

S

^^'srs** ^

"l-f

PH

GO

o

pl<

Q

tJ

w

. . . rS

hI

lO

■Ti -^ r:i ,-4 C5

Ti

U

s

nwnH.-1-^j^ .
O i- to "^ '"0

CO

e^

U

'^

P-t

H-*-Y -^ -^ -^

'J

O P"*vO CO --I

1

'"'

03

Zll

i-H

Ph

O

p:l

O

CO

'd -d '^ -^ o

Tl

^

t^ t^ O to

W

p:!

i—i

m c to

2^5

<1

.;r.S-T-S^

to

H

O

O
Ph

ci

.^

r^

!^

<4-l

<

a

.

C3
O

C : b :

cc

o o ^ ._,

ci

o

ki; o fj o t>
1 ^pq^jPn?^

<;

o

I— I

H

O
O
O
<

w

w

-a

o

-*

^

85 -.

-f

0

04

M

■2

t^

0

.0

i^

: : : 1

CO

s

0)

>o

01

CO

CO

0-1

' 0

!>.

<:.{

C5

0

0

»0

1 'o

t~

lo

CO

CO

>o

'T

' §i

04

!M

h""

•d

o o

CO o

-1< 0

0 -f

0 -f C-.

0 -*i 0

^

m

,— )

f— t 1

<u

1

^

iC o

t^ 0

00 >o 0

=^

C2 O

t^ CO

t^ iM 0

"^

-IH^CO

0 co^

•M C^

-<"

'-<"

1
1

'6

o

(M

(M

^1

(N

(M

i 1

»■

o

1^

CO

CO

1-

1^

1

: : : 1

•-^ :

'<M

CO

0

' -0

CO

•

CO

<ij

00

Ci

1^

1^

0

C5

CO

05

0

0

c^

ca

'-'

(M

O-I 1

-d

o o

iM 0

0-1 0 00

0

u

CO

-o o

0 CO

CO 0 0

CO

i-H t— 4

1

1

f«

(M O

0 'O

CO -^ CO

1 — '

=^

■* -t<

00 05

-^1^ CO

*"<

C<3 CO

T-H T*(

0<l 04

^

■-'

■-I f-l

-pi

-IM

HO

Hm

-PI

'C

-t<

^

CO

00

'ti

^

M

CO

<M

0

0 1

(M

oi

1

' ■*

00

CO

CO i

00

CO

^

CO

00

t^

1^

CO

CO

CO

Ci

CO

CO

C5

C5

Sg

'-'

C<1

•M 1

occ

•d

T*< O

-lo

00 0

C5 CO 0

Tfl

5i

32

O CO

^ 0

CO 01 00

00

•— <

^ 1

in

1

(H

o CO

0 (M

0 -H l^

t^

=tj

C5 CO

CO -*i

CO c:^ lr^

CO

O^C-J

0 co^

CO -M

-ICl

-ITl

-l?l

—I"!

-ICl

-d

o

0

0

0

0

0

.

"-I

■-I

■-I

•— '

•-I

35

o

00

00

. °°

00

. "^

: : : 1

u

' ~tl

■^

00

' CO

~t*

' -f

'^

'M

CO

lO

vO i

CO

CO

, — 1

c:^

0^

0

05

Ci

^ CO

'-'

cT

r>T\

-K\

-IM

'6

o

0 ^

I-H uo -- 0

^0

.

o

CO 0

i^ C-l l^ t~

-f

y '

73

1 — 1

r— <

tx

-»<

oi 0

•0 r^ ^ ^

CO

■4

•>}

■0 C5

00 ■*!

1 — 1

•^

^^

C2 0_

<M C^

-*<

-T

-^^

r+*

-+*

HTf

-++

-t-t

rd

o

0

0

0 !

0

0

•-I

'-'

^ 1

>— '

■-'

l^

0

t-~

t- 1

0

0

CO

f-i

■—1

: : — 1 1

'-I

: "-^ :

' 00

00

0

' "-D

CO

' CO

=1*

-H

CO

CO

GO ;

CO

CO

odS2

IM

CO

VC

"-C ,

CO

CO

0) 1

hi

^

CO

Ci

0

00

CO

HT

HM-ih<i

-+t

o o

0 0

ir^ -H 0

C5

CO ID

-d

r-iog

'4

>fs CO
-f o

C-l -H

0 01

05 lO t^

00 CO 10

CD

05 CO

^~ '"1

00 0

I— (

oc" -T

'>l -M •—

CO

.a i

-2 1 8

-r, f= S C

2 i'^^ : :

: "^ n

fi . CJ -tJ . .

0 0

c

- . . ?

^ .a

o 5 2 P

s

0

1

c

0

•^i'

l:P:.

5 -e g3o ^

0
0

c;

0 CO

0 5 s

[V, r^ 3
" 00

0 3 -
§ ^^

2 'MS

r: Co

C P -i^ S

0

s o:S c .,

^

*^

M

^

G

0 ;iMS S

0

1^

Q

86

"«'

1^

i-^ 0 c^i

r;l-iH
00

i~

■t

CO

;?■

0) O h

i»^h

>«

1 1

i I

CO

CO ^

CO 0

CO

::l-fHt

I'O

H-t -ht

© §

"d

O -*< O -f

0

1^

(E

I 1

; 1

1 1 II 1 O 'O C-l r-<

r-i

—1 0

>o

1 1

1 1

1 1 1 1 1

^

'"'

■< tH

CI- GO o

0

CO I-

C5

(1)

=tj

c; CO i-

0

CO

' Pi

r^i

CO

CO

-Pl H-t

ml^ -p.

"h*

w

IC O ■— 1 o

^

OJ (M

1 — 1

H

"3

^

r-^"

^kX

tr

.-• t^ CO t^

cc

Ol c^

0

1 1

1 I

1 i i i 1 O-O .1^

^^

^ CO

,^

o -t> o

r-l

CO ~f

zr.

<u

StJ

CO 1- o

co_^

>

o

eo'co" .-T

-*<"

CO

CO

■— '

■— '

•«■

O t--

t~ t^ i

I—

t-

p,
^

m

GO O

i
1- I- j

^ : : : 1

C5

1

O CO

O ' ' i^D 1

CO

CO

ja

=tj

O CO

o o

CO

CO

o

"""^ o

°°- co_^ ,

0

CO

0

cc

H

O^

•— '

.-1 ,—1 ,

0

H*

rtH-

H"^

•u

o o

^ o

00 ira

0

^

^

en

CC' o

o ,-1

^ -t< 00

<M

■M

cs

-M 1-

Ct -M

0 -t< ^

-f

0

t

*J

o o

--0 -f

0 CO t^

CO

;/;

00 crs

•-< -»

c;

'"'

0

-IM

HM -|M

-|M

«|N

'^

O C5

O CJ

C5

C2

g

1

m

>'^ I--

C^l Cl

t^

t^

0

• • -1

eg

lO -H

O ' ' CO

,_,

"-

^

=(J

CO "-1

01

C-l

"^

o

CD_ C5

iS ici

0

0

^

O CO

'-'

(M (M

-pi

-pl-iM

--»M

H'^

ni

o o

CI O

00 0

0

^

t- 1-

-r< CO

CO -f CO

CO

c2

; ^ —" :

.">

^ ^ ^1

tH

=rt

I— 1—

Ol o

• O' O

1^ CO -b

CO
CI

CO CO

"t, '"'

0<I <M •-'

<M

— I?l

Hri -I'M [

•-:C1

-Pi

d

O rt

-'

(M

0

s

m

-H O

O _ C

CO

C5

CO

• ■ • 1

1

C-l C2

C-1 " ' -M

0

l^

oc

A

=tj

-f o

o o

>^

'i*

GO

o

o^ ^

"*<

§00-

'-'

C<l C-l

H?l

"h- "'-^i

hS

-3

o o

1- CO

0 0' ^'

T.

■* o

.- ~t<

^1- r-^

s

l'"

><

i^ ic;

^ o

0 GO C2 '

iH

<^

O CO

-t< o

0 0 I-

■*_(M

C5 r-<

.-• CO

-^

-<"

be : :

p< •

: CD : : 2 i'^ J, : :

e; :

r— -73

c • •

• c . : f3 : o cl . .

0 0

.s S ^'-^ c)

0

0 ^

c

X

o M. 2 K o

0

Pq^

'o :

: "i ; J °o : S 1 : :

_, c:

is

.J.,

3 c

f c S stt ^

0 0

0 p

<S

o s :£

3 t;

• : g 1 :-^ S : :

^^ =^ a _, '-C 0

OJ 0

11

R

J i

ci?^H ^-ssdI^^S.^

r

2rO

c ^-^

i:

-£^

p;0 PmM S

C

J

rr-

ci

M

e!

u

0

l==(

•s

>-

?!

r-J

M

F=i

0

-rt

2

S

^

n-J

""£>

rt

^ o

Is

^ kr-l

p o

r=3 CJ

CC

si

s: cS

^

0

cT

0

^

^(j

c

^

!yi

-y.

?-

=+H

r^

■■^

0

;'

%

0

2

'0

fl

rt

2

ir

t^

1

«

0

«

k;

87

THE CATTLE ACCOUNT.— EECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.
13 Years. From Michaelmas, 1850, to IMichaelmas, 1863.

Br.

To Valuation

at Michaelmas, 1850.

6 Oxen

2 Heifers and Steer

3 Steers ...

4 Calves ...

2'o Purchases, riz. :
185 Head of Stock
10 1 ^-year-old Heifers
10 3-year-old Scots

Balance in favour of
Cattle carried forward

Live
■weight.

Price
per lb.

Dead
weight.

' Price
per lb.

lb.s.
10,002
2,075
2,139
1,915

100,458

lb.s.

€
113
18
22
16

s. d.

169 4 0 —

Cr. Per cent.

T, c J ■ of dead to

Bi/ ^aU's, riz. : i^^g weight.

181 Fat Beasts ... 59 | 258,644
4 do. ... 0 6,953

1 do. ... 0 j

Jji/ J'al nation
at Michaelmas, 1863. |

8 Yearling Heifers ... j 4,496

2 Barren Cows ... ... ' 2,651

7 Yearlings ' 6,971

10 West Highland Steers 8,231

3
3
3i

151,254

1,012

50

110

1,172
3,422

3 1

4,763 14 8

4,386 6

11

82 10

0

3 2

9

48 0

0

33 15

0

90 0

0

120 0

0

4,471 19 8

291 15 0

•t,763 14 8

THE CATTLE ACCOUNT,

Shoiciiiff the respective Balances and Returns for Forage consumed.

13 Years. Fro.m Michael.mas, 1850, to Michaelmas, 1863.

Cr.
V>y Balance brought forward

Br.

J'o Produce consumed, viz. :
Barley

Oats

Wheat

Millet

Buck-wheat
Bran

Oilcake

Milk

Hay

Green and Koot Crops ^
(net quantities and [
price, irrespective of ,
loss by waste and do- |
cay in the respeutivo j
crops grown) ... ... )

Straw (not charged)

281i

26^

49

51

2qr. 271bs.

T. cwt. qr. lb.

97 2 2 16

T. cwt. qr. Hi.
120 3 1 27

2,382 6 2 18

58 0 3 3

3 lU

3 4

4 0
3 4

0 3 10\
0 5 0

10 12 6

2 10 0

0 9 0

£

s.

d.

922

46

12
10

5i

1"

5

7

0

8

3

4

9

16

4

0

11

44

1,032
22

1
12

2"

300

9

04

1,073

17

10

£ s. d.

£ s. d.
3,422 7 7

2,048 0 U

1,374 6 lOi

3,422 7 7

THE CATTLE ACCOUNT.— RECEIPTS AXD PAYMENTS.

1 Ye.u{. To Michaelmas, 1864.

Br.

To Valuation
at Michaelmas, 1863.

8 Yearling Heif er.s

2 Barren Cows
7 Yearlings

10 West Highland Steer.'^

To Purchases, viz. —

3 Barren Cows. . .

1 BuU

10 Three-year-old Steers

To Balance in favoui- of
Cattle caiiiedfoi-^-ard

Live Per Dead
weight. I lb. weight.

lbs.

4,4961
2,651
6,971
8,231

1,792

lbs.

Per

lb.

Per cent.

of dead to

live

weight.

£ s.
48 0
33 15
90 0
120 0

s. d.

291 15

0

24 0

14 0

110 0,

0
0
0

439 15 0
305 17 4
745 12 4

Cr.

By Sales, riz. —

8 Irish Heifers

1 Heifer

6 Short-homed Stecis

5 Fat Cows

1 Bull

S>/ Valuation
at Michaelmas, 1864.

1 0 Four-3'ear-old Steers
1 0 Three-year-old Steers

9,477
1,064
7,462
5,943

2,450 3^

10,758
8,195

3,823 7i I 40

4,340
3,475 6i

115 6 6

21 0 0

137 13 4

92 18 6

33 10 0

232 14 0

112 10 0

400 8 4

345 4 0 745 12 4

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1864.

Dr.

Quautitj-.

Price

£

s.

d.

£ s. d

To Balance hroiight forward ...

305 17 4

Cr.

By Produce cotisniiicd, riz. —

Bushels.

£ s.

d.

Barley Meal (per hush, of 50 lbs.)

228Jk.
T. cwt. qr". lb.

0 3

4

38

0

1

—

Oil Cake

4 19 3 3

10 8

1

51

18

1

—

Rape Cake

2 3 0 4

7 0

0

15

1

3

—

Hay

2 17 3 18

2 10

0

~

4

9

—

Straw

4 0 0 25

—

—

112

4

2

Mangolds ...

36 0 0 19^

Swedes

22 8 1 14 1
5 5 0 21 [

Tui-nips

2 8

2

193

13

2

— :

Italian Rvc (chaffed)

10 9 3 14 1

Ditto (not chaffed)

6 5 3 22 ;

■

305 17 4

89

THE CATTLE ACCOUNT.-RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

1 Year. To Michaelmas, I860.

To Valuation

at 3Iichaehiu(s, 1864.

10 Four-year-old Steers

1 0 Thrco-year-old Steers

To I'lorltascs, viz. —
3 Barren Cows...

Balance in favour of
Cattle carried forward

Live
weight.

lbs.

10,758

8,195

Per
lb.

Dead
weight.

lbs.

Per
lb.

Per cent, of

deadtoHve

weight.

£ s. d.
232 14 0
112 10 0

30 0 0

345 4 0

30 0 0

375 4 0

121 15 8

496 19 8

Cr.

By Sales, viz. —

■9 "West Highland Oxen

(4^ years old)
3 Barren Cows

By Valuation
at Michaelmas. 1865.

1 0 West Highland Oxen

(4 years old)...
1 West Highland Ox

(0 years old)

12,211
4,579

6,740
2,527

n

55
55

221 19 0
75 14 0

297 13 0

170 0 0
29 6 8

1,

99 6 8

496 19

1 Year. To Michaelm.\s, 1865.

Br.

To Balance brought forward . . .

Cr.

By Frodare roiis/niied, viz.—

Barley Meal (per Bushel of 51 lbs.)

Oilcake

Hay

Straw

Mangolds ...

Swedes
Turnips ...
Italian Rye (chaffed)
Italian Rye (not chaffed)

Bushels.

455i|

T. cwt. qr. lb.

2 9 3 19

0 16 3 8

7 7 3 2

50 11
1 10
5 16

4 7

5 7

2 4

0 23

1 2

3 7
3 11

Price.

0 3 6

11 15 4
2 10 0

1
I
;. 0 3 6

£

8.

d.

79

15

14

28

2

5

2

2

0

109

19

6i

11

16

H

£ s. a

121 15 H

121 15

90

THE CATTLE ACCOUXT.— RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS,

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas, 1866,

Dr.

To Valuation at

Live
weight.

Per

lb.

Dead

weight.

Per

lb.

Per cent, of

dead to live

weiglit.

Ifichaelmati, 186.), viz.

10 West Highland

Oxen (4 yrs. old) ...

1 ditto Ox (o yrs. old)

lbs.

d.

lbs.

d.

£ s. d.

170 0 0
29 6 8

£ s. d.
199 6 8

55 6 6

£ s. d.

To Purchases, viz. —

1 Heifer

2 Barren Cows

6 Calves

1

1

8 0 0
20 0 0
27 6 6

—

To Balancein favour of
Cattle carried forward

254 13 2
181 16 10

—

436 10 0'

Cr.
By Sales, viz. —
1 West Highland
Ox (5 yrs. old) ...
9 do. Oxen (4 yrs. old)

1,490
12,510

8.) 6
7,18o

8i
81

58
57

29 18 0
248 10 0

278 8 0
158 2 0

—

J)i/ Valuation
at Michaeliuas, 1866.

1 West Highland
Steer (5 >ts. old) . . .

2 Fat Cows ...
1 Barren Cow

6 Calves

31 18 0
61 4 0
23 0 0
42 0 0

—

436 10 0

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas, 1866.

Br.

To Balance brought forward

Cr.

B)/ Prodace consumed, viz. —
Barley Meal (mixture of Bailey, liye. Wheat,
Maize, and Buckwheat, per Lush of 55 lbs.)
Oatmeal (per bush, of 38 lbs.) ...

Bice Meal ...
Oilcake

Hay

Straw

INIangolds ...
Italian Itye Grass

Bushels.

153|
30

T. cwt.qrs. lbs,
1 4 0 26
5 3 1 16
4 14 0 15

50 13 1 10
18 7 1 26

0 4
0 3

1

8 0 0

11 11 6

2 10 0

!• 0 17 llf

£ s. d.

181 16 10

33 19
4 12

1
6

9 13
59 16
11 15

10
9
4

119 17

6

61 19

4

181 16 10

91

THE CATTLE ACCOUNT.— RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

]

YE.Ut

To Michaelmas, 1867

Br.

To Valuation

Live
weight.

Price
per lb.

Dead
weight.

Price
per lb.

Per cent.

dead to

live weight.

at Michaeliiias, 1866.

1 We.st Highland Steer

(5 years)

2 Fat Cows

1 Barren Cow

C Calves

lbs.

d.

lbs.

d.

...

£ s. d.

31 18 0
61 4 0
23 0 0
42 0 0

£ s. d.

158 2 0

85 6 3

£ s. d.

To Purchases, viz. : — ■

1 Old Bull

3 Barren Cows

6 Calves

16 0 0

34 0 0

35 6 3

—

243 8 3

To Balance in favour of
Cattle carried forward

166 4 9

1
1
i

1

409 13 0

Cr.

Bij Sales, viz. —

1 West Highland Steer

5 Fat Cows

1 Fat Heifer

...
...

859

4,074

953

8i

u

81

30 0 0

125 0 0

33 7 0

188 7 0
221 6 0

Bji Valaatio>i
at Michathnas, 1867.

1 Fat Bull

6 Yearling Steers

6 Calves

:

32 0 0

144 6 0

45 0 0

—

!

409 13 0

1 Yeau.

To

MlCH.\.ELMAS,

186

'.

Dr.

£

s.

d.

£

F.

d.

£ s. d.

To Balance brought forward

166 4 9

Cr.

Btj Troduvc consumed, viz.

-

Uushels

Barley Meal mixtm-e (per bush, of 58 lbs.)

269

0

0

0

6'(

.)

0

—

T.

cwt. qr.

lb.

Oilcake

3

6 2

9

11

18

6

39

L3

6

—

llice Meal ...

0

5 1

24

9

3

2

2

10

0

—

Hav

8

10 2

22

2

10

0

21

6

«

—

Straw

i

11 2

2

—

—

130

15

2

—

Mangolds

51

13 3

7^

Swedes

28

6 3

10 1

Clover

4

4 2

6 \

0

6

5

35

9

7

—

Italian Ej-e Grass ...

19

16 0

13

li

Vetches

6

11 1

166 4 9

92

THE CATTLE ACCOUNT. -RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1868.

I))-.

To Valuation

Live
weight.

Price
per
lb.

Dead
weight.

Price Percent of
per Ideadtolive
lb. 1 weight

at Michaelmas, 1867.

1 Fat Biill

6 Yeaiiing- Steers

6 Calves

lbs.

d.

lbs.

d.

£ s. d.

32 0 0

144 6 0

45 0 0

£ s. d.
221 6 0

133 7 6
325 5 0

£ s. d.

To Furcliases, viz. —

1 Two-and-a-half- year-
old Heifer ...

4 One-and-a-half-year-
old Heifers

4 Calves

3 Ban-en Cows

19 0 0

56 0 0
21 7 6
37 0 0

—

To Balance in favour of
Cattle carried forward

679 18 6

Cr.

B)j Sales, viz. —
1 Barren Cow ...
5 Two-year-old Steers

1 Old Bull

1 Young Bull

1 Tlu-ec-year-old Heifer
3 Two-j-ear-old Heifers

2,'548

H

1,059
4,606

858
2,237

n

31 15 0
149 11 6
38 18 0
24 15 0
27 17 0
72 13 6

345 10 0
334 8 6

—

By Valnatioii
at Michaelmas, 1868.

2 Fat Cows

1 Steer (two years)

6 Yearling Steers

4 Ditto Heifers ...

59 3 0

32 10 0

159 18 0

82 17 6

—

679 18 G

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1868.

J)r.

Quantity.

Price.

£

s. d.

£ s. d.

To Balance brought forward

325 5 0

Cr.

By Prodiifc consumed, viz. —

Busliela.

£ s. d.

Barley Meal Mixture (per bush, of 57 lbs.)...

268^
T. cwt. qr. lb.

0 5 2i

69

15 10^

—

Oil Cake

11 15 0 5

12 6 8

145

1 U

Rice Meal

2 3 3 8

9 3 9

20

2 H

—

Hay

12 12 1 12

2 10 0

31

10 11

.

■Straw ...

5 5 1 5

.

Swedes ...

29 14 0 22 \

Mangolds

40 17 3 12

Turnips

2 19 1 14

Italian Rye Grass

6 8 2 8).

0 11 6i

58

14 4|

—

Mixed Clover and Vetches . .

9 9 14

Vetches...

5 11 2 12

Clover ...

6 16 2 18;

39.5 .-) 0

93

THE CATTLE ACCOUNT.— RECEIPTS AND PAY.^IENT.S.

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1869.

Dr.

To Valuation

Live
weight.

Price
per
lb.

Dead
weiglit.

Price
per
lb.

Percent of

dead to live

weight.

at Michaelmas, 1868.

2 Fat Cows

1 Steer (two years old)
6 Yearling Steers . . .
4 Yearling Heifers ...

lbs.

d.

d.

£ 8. d.
59 3 0
32 10 0

159 18 0 !

82 17 6 j

£ 8. d.

334 8 6
260 0 0

367 8 6

£ 8. d.

To F/nrliascs, viz. —
18 Barren Cows

Balance in favour of
Cattle

961 17 0

Cr.

By Sales, viz. — •

1 Two-3^ear-old Heifer
6 Fat Cows

2 Yearling Heifers . . .
6 Yearling Steers

1 Two-year-old Steer

i

1
1

!

885
5,205
1,788
5,861
1,044

1
!

8

n

H
H

8

29 10 0
167 19 0

62 9 0
204 15 0

35 4 0

499 17 0

i 462 0 0

i

—

By Vahiation
at Michaelmas, 1869.

2 Fat Heifers ...\
9 Fat Cows ... ... |-

5 Fat Cows and Calves J

961 17 0

1 Y^EAU. To Michaelmas, 1869.

I)r.
To Balance brought forward

Cr.

By Produce consunied, viz. —

Barley Meal Mixture (per Bushel of 47 lbs.)

Oilcake ...

Hay

Straw

Mangolds

Grass

s. d.
8 6

8 6

94

THE CATTLE ACCOUNT.—RECEirTS AND PAYMEXTS.

1 Yeah. To Michaelmas, 1870.

Br.

To Vahtatiu))

Live
•weight.

Price
per lb.

Dead
weight.

•!>.,•„„ Tei' cent.
^f^ of dead
W-^ weight to
live weight.

Total.

at Michaelmas, 1869.

2 Fat Heifers ...■)
9 Fat Cows ... ... f

5 Fat Cows and Calves ;

To I'ltrchdscH, riz. —

11 Calves

To Balance in favour '\
of C'attle carried >
forward ... ...)

lbs.
2,590

d.

lbs.

d.

£ s. d.
462 0 0

44 5 4

200 6 8

£ s. d.

£ s. d.

706 12 0

Cr.

Bij Sales, viz. —

13 Fat Cows..
2 Fat Heifers

11,909
1,992

8
9|

i "

403 9 0
74 13 0

478 2 0
228 10 0

—

By Valuatlo))
at Michaehiias, 1870.

IFatCow^ 1

2 Heifers 1

4 Steers [

10 Calves J

706 12 0

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas, 1870.

Br.

Bushels.

£

s.

d.

£

g.

d.

£ p. d.

To Balance brought forward . . .

200 6 8

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —

Barley IMeal mi.xture ... '

T.

243i
cwt. qr.

lb.

0

4

3

51

13

n

—

Oilcake

6

8 3
Bushels.

4

11

16

7

76

3

Ah

—

Grains

T.

30

cwt. qr.

lb.

0

0

4

0

10

0

—

Hay

14

4 3

0

2

10

0

35

11

101

—

Straw

3

cS 3

9

—

—

T. cwt. qr.

lb.)

Mangolds 105 5 3

26 (

116

13 0

12

0

6

^

36

(

7i

—

Grass 11 7 0

14)

200 6 8

95

CO

O

P

o
o
o
<

H
<

a

oc

-^ 1

CO

CO

-fi

-t<

"o i

m

■— '

: •— ' j

icha

' CO

o

C--

' o jo

"D

^

v>

o

O J CO

CO

>=<*

C-J

-f

-^ il r- 4

•— <

SS _

?

d

O CO

o o
I- 'O

O O 00 t^

>o CO . '-0 o

^

m

k""

oo lO

CO --I

1^ "M rt >0

>«

"H

lO CO

00 (M

O -+l IM CO

1-H

■-I C-l

„

(M

o

o

o

o

o

^

'V

^

s

. . CO

■o

o

. . o

■-0

■o

*g3

to

■ .— '

f— <

•~~4

o3

.a t

.■*

'-0

'^

2 1

q?

CO

CO

CO

CO

CO

^S

>?■"

-t<

-t<

'-'

'"'

oS

CO o 1

o o 1

I- I- -+I -f

H

""

■^ -o

CO Ol

^ o . "^ c^

3

^®

Oi »'*^

CO X

CO Ci — 1 •— 1

kH

Ctt

C5 lO

1^ lo

CO -o .-< -o

.-1

iM .— 1

bT

■a

c

00

00

00

00

00

cS

3

. . -t

»'?

m

. . C5

»o

iO

2

oi

^

: : '"'

'-'

'~'

cd

r^a

J^

^

o

o

^H

•-<

«

«tj

1^

C')

o

era

C-l

C-l

§S'

c

-

-tl

Tj<

'-'

'"'

— l"! — iCl

^-

'6

o o

-J< o

o oo

CO o

'T Ol ; TI -o

fe

CO

^

'^ f— t

|S j

fiti

iC o
'i" CO

C35 a>

C5 CO CI ^
l~ (M .-1

i-H

CO

^jrL_

.

•d

c

> -f<

-^

-f

•^

•^

§

s

ir

V r—

-M

. . 'M

r^

1 ^

"3

m

-. ,—1

: : '"'

'-'

' '

c3

c

2 O

>o

>o

>o

>o

StJ

c

3 O

-+I

-?

o

o

'^1

M CO

I^

1^

CO

CO

'C

o o

-f o

r-l -<< O !M

H

>^ o

CO -*

O O . -ti CO

■g

m

r-. • .—1

^

^ CO

o >o

00 CD 1^ Cti

-y

o -*<

O -f

CO 'O C2

fH

"M .-H

-ti CO

^

-c

H J^

CO

oo

l>-

»~-

o

I

- I~

-f

-f

t~

1-

_, ^,

CO

CO

r<\

-M

*o

«

f C-1

o

o

iM

Ol

DO O

c

0_ -.H^

l~^

l~

•^^

'^^

ss

-T co"

•^

•^

CO~

co"

-f CO

CI C-l

i '•

CO o

C-. o

— ;?i -Ici

o -o Ol o o

CO oi oi cs 1 -

-*i O Ol O CO
l~ lO Ol O 1 -

o o CO o_

-u -

o :

■ -»

o - : : 'cJ cc^ :

c :

C :

O
o

• s •

> : : : o c S •

.2 ■

c;

c

H .
CO :

g

1 ^ PJ'I

o •

5

"^ -ti ■; S ^f ^ ^

.^

. ^ %

■ zi 3
O JA

'i {■

r: .Jd ^ tH -y-j "=

^ -r ^ ^ 5

cS

5 :

^ ... 1 ; ? F i 1

S 2 v; Sj p ^ 5^
:= -r Si! o - k C cw

>^ S

'■ ^ i

1 ^ ai' : § -nJ '^ 1^

^ rt

1

•^ -r. r;

r5

^ ^0 :: I 5 g

2

o

96

'd

CO

»)lT'-H--^'=i KH-

-t+

<u <v

^

\

O oo (>J O CO

CO

a o

.

'"^

CC

i 1 1

1 1^ 1

IN 1

eo ■* o Tt< -ti

o

^n.

=«

«

o o o o o

!M

mH'^■MH^•H•t H*

so5

T3

C^ O l^ O (M

^

oj d

£ a

■

1 1

1

I

III 1

O O !M iC -+•

rH

$^

1 1

1

'

III 1

^

--^

*^?;1

^ .-H rH on CO

-f

S

CR

t^ 00 c^ t^

(O

J^

"M

o

-H--I?! -++

.55

-d

lO CJ <M ^ O

^f

oa ""^

Oqq-M

ir

1 1

1

!

III 1

•* O M .-H CO

<M

111 1

C5 O <M >0 -J*

=tj

<M CM (M -+I I^

Ci

<N o

^ CO -(< lO

o_

rH

f^

r-l r-H .-■

»^

§

'6

^

oo

o

o

CO

00

a

. . >IZ

CO

<M

. . C-l

CO

CO

1

m

^

: : ^

CO o

CO

CO

o

o

«rt

c

o

o

o <

o

o

Sg

>0 <M

t^

t^

C-l

C^l

o§

?:(H-!ri -[?i r-»-t-

H'^

-d

o -*

o o

O Tf O l^

5i

^

o m

cq o

CO CO • —1 t^

'"'

.—(r-l : .— 1

>*

(M Tt<

QO CO

.-1 CD lO CO

'"'

=tj

1^ iM

•o t— CO CO

,

-d

<£

CO

o

O

CO

CO

C3

g

. . a

00

t^

. . t^

CO

00

"aj

«

'-'

: : '"'

ci

^

1^

,_,

,_, I

t^

1^

'^

=<J

a

) CO

CD

CO 1

CO

CO

ir

^ CO

as

03

CO

CO

H-t :'.i-

H

'^

o o

o o

■-H CO CO C-.

c5

m

00 o

r^ O

CO >o : o 'O

^^

^

.— ( .

i

-* o

a <M

o o >o Ol

iH

<^

CO o
CO c^)

C5 CO

O M CO O

a

«

«

5 O

CO

o

o

o

a

. . c

5 VO

CO

. . CO

o

IC

"3

03

■—1

ce

^

■<J

i< >r^

C5

C5

lO

lO

o

=tj

«r

^ c5

r^

l^

c^

IM

3 CO

CO

CO

CO

CO

-IwkHi «H<

'O

O CO

O CD

O C35 .— 1 T)<

.-1 r-l

^"

tn"

o t^

O 00

<0 CO • o -+■

;S

•-<

r-l . rH rH

=t«

—1 CO

>0 -H

O lO rH CO

rH

(M CO

~H CO

CO CO CO vrj

IM .-H

CO CO

rS •

-M . - . . C) -k^ ■

=4H

.2 ■

^ : : : :^g :

o :

ci

o

1

1 . . -Itl .

p:

o :

CC o

^ :

p .

.s •

S .

c< 9 O S P

-3 -2 ." §^^

o

6 ■

o

"o

'■l s

.S '

^

s ^

cs 3 fs -tS 2

1— 1 ;

P :

■o i

r;^ r-< Sh JH CO =tH

o : 33 : CC ^ -.rj r^

_S :

<s

1 ■

^

. !-i Pi
• O ci

■o c ?P : =tH 2 s ;s

■5 ^H -rS ^ ;^-g g c„

Is

2

a;

"H-i3

pi f

-^'^ !5

3 s

f^

II

Ms

C

So «

pq

COhH

H

<<

1

H.E

■° m

"S i

"3 o

o a-

o "

? °

Jh o

^ g

O ^

.5 o

cs aT

97

THE SWINE ACCOUNT.— KECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

13 Yeaes. Fhom Michaelmas, 1850, to Michaelmas, 1863.

Br.

To Valuation
at Michailmas, 18-50.

1 Boar

3 Sows and Pigs

6 Sows

60 Stores...
18 Porkers

To Furchases, vlz.-

92 Store Pigs
18 Ditto ...
2 Sows ...
1 Boar
To Boar's Fees

To Balance in favour of
Swine carried forward

Live
■weight.

Price
per
lb.

Dead
weight

lbs.

277
1,124

684
3,706
2,318

6,188

"168
76

s. d.

0 U

0 2i

0 41

0 4|

0 3i

0 8|

1 0|

Price
per
lb.

£ s. d.

5 0 0

12 0 0

12 10 0

61 14 0

30 17 0

134 10 6

20 14 0

6 0 0

4 0 0

0 12 6

s. d. '

122 1 0

166 17 0
2,305 17 10^

2,593 15 10^

Or.

By 'Sales, viz.-

469 Fat Pigs
23 Ditto...
125 Store Pigs
2 Ditto ...
1 Boar
1 Eoa sting Pig

lii/ Valuation
at 21 ic/taelmas, 1863.

12 Fat Pigs ...
1 Boar

1 Young Sow

2 Sows and 1
Sucklings

32 Store Pigs . .

80

120,436
6,041
6,867

0 4i
0 4
0 4

96,515

5i

2,224 1 li

105 0 0

119 14 9

2 14 0

4 0 0

0 5 0

' I

3,738
420
200

1,012
1,693

0 21
0 6|

2,455 14 m

75 12 0

3 0 0

2 0 0

12 13 0

44 16 0

2,593 15 lOi

98

^

Ps

-^IM

^

C

cn"

,_,

*

I^

C3

'"'

c

1 1 1 1 M M 1

1 1 ! 1

1

1

CO

1

^

CO
of

CO

--III -HiCl

-hi

O.-iOT-0'*i0=COCJ

-H CO C -*>'

ti

o

-d

'~'

o

tr

C3^^0.-i'*OCOTt<

O Ci o ^

CO

CI

'S

Ph

«

(MCO.-'OOOC-ICOQOO

i"^ I— 1 C** 1^

-^

■^

C5 l^ lO ^ (M CC

CD rt

t^ r-l

r— (

^^

HciH^. c-i- H»

"'.

Ol^r-HOOCCCCi— '■*

o o c o

■*

c

m

C>t CO 00 'ti O 'M CO CO o

C2 CO o t- o

CO

■i^

ooooooooo

t^ O O Tt<

o

o

St 1< O C5

^

-*

m

CO HtiH-* K-f HMnl-»CO

^

^

"3 O? C2 ^ t^ .— 1 't^ .-• >o >o

Crt C-l o o

■^

"3 r*!-'

><■

,__l

j-lMOfC^ ClOOOCC

1 -* ^ o o

a

u

o
O

IE IC CO cc "^i '"' l-C

o-i

1

o

oc

,.CC O O Tjt

CO

Eh cm

H

(M

ic^ooccrr— iT}<o

.-1 C5 O CO

o

u-r

>— '

f— 1

6

13 ^ C: u- ^ OO >- 'O O

C5 CC C3 C<l

t^

»-Hi— 1, — (I— (I— li— II — 1 »— t

r~i 1 — 1

oc

li

rt o o ct o !M (M a; -t<

-f r-H (M IC

o

•*

05 >o ifi 't^ c-i ro

o ^

•^

r~ r-.

nl-f-HlM-lM rt|rj^[+_i[r,

r-|;]

'6

OOOiOOIMCOCTii

COO■D1^3TJ^OC^1^?COO

. .--^ .

(M

^

oooooocoo

o

O

5t^ ■* O OJ

aj

a

TS

IjJ -.iM-l-ii n|-» r-lMKW

h

o

W-llM

a

SojOCOi-l <MOCO>0

"S vn CO CO c-i i-H CO

Crt IM O O

■-H

"3 1--

.25

_^

CS

Sco

^rj< rt O O
Lh'oO O O Tj<

n

CO

t3

o

ct

c

?H

1

-g

1. :::::::: :

-1^

o

^

!^

^

a

"^ I I ! ! I I t ; I

•7*:

^

•Tj

"^

::^

o

c :::::;: t !

ci

(:^

r^

£:

1

=2

'*

'TIS

o ::::;::: :

o

-ji

fi;

p'

o

Tr.

c3

^

Q

E?

o

CJ

O

c

o

rfl

^

g

f^ ||--; J g'|cT?'lj

o ?i3 S

r|^

O

ci

C
o

=4H

o

,i:3'J^-2 d S 9^=1 o'rt

cj P ^ c;

c

t*^'

^ ci ci ^o _p ^ ^ :i J-

(v; ^ p_i pq

r"!

c

d

99

THE SWINE ACCOUNT. -EECEIPTS AND PAYIMENTS.

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1864.

1
Dr.

To Valuation

Live
weight.

Pci-
lb.

Dead

weight.

„ Per cent, of
\f^ dead to live
^^- 1 weight.

at Mic/iai'lmas, 1863.

lbs.

d.

lbs.

d.

£ s. d.

£ s. d.

£ s. d.

12 Fat Pigs

3,738

4f

75 12

0

—

—

1 Boar

420

1?

3 0

0

—

—

1 Yoimg Sow

200

U

2 0

0

—

—

2 Sows and 1 7 Sucklings

1,012

2Jr

12 13

0

—

—

32 Store Pigs

1,693

6i

44 16

0

138 1 0

—

To Turchases, viz. —

14 Store Pigs

21 0 0

159 1 0

To Balance in favour of

Swine carried forward

133 17 1

292 18 1

Cr.

By Sales, viz. —

76 Fat Pigs

14,443

4

11,499

0

78

240 18

1

240 18 1

J]// Vdlnatioii

at Michaelmas, 1864.

2 Sows in Farrow

6 0

0

—

1 Sow and 6 Pigs

7 0

0

—

—

1 Young Sow ...

2 0

0

—

—

12 Store Pigs

12 0

0

—

—

1 Boar

4 0

0

—

—

7 Fat Pigs

21 0

0

5'^ 0 0

—

'l

292 18 1

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas, 1864.

Br.

£ 9. d

£

s.

d.

£ s d.

To Balance brought forward

133 17 1

Cr.

By Proditcc cons/diied, viz. —

Bushels.

Barley Meal (per Bushel of 50 Iba.)

Rice Meal

Beans (per Bu.-<hel of 631bs.)

Grains

Bran

Mangolds '. .

Swedes

819^

T. cwt. qr. lb.

3 7 1 14

ij bushel.

T. cwt. qr. lb.

2 13 4

3 11 1 20
1 17 0 6

0 3

5 16
0 5

5 13

I. —
J

4

6
3

3

136

19
0
3

11

10

12

2

7
16

5

5

7i
10

6i

171 9 10

Cost of Purchased Food beyond amount
realised

37 12 9

100

THE SWINE ACCOUNT.— RECEIPTS AND PAYJIENTS.

1 Year. To Michaelmas

, 1865.

Dr.

To Valuation

Live
weight.

Price
per
lb.

Dead
weight.

Price
per
lb.

Per cent, of

dead to live

■weight.

at Miclcielmas, 1864.

2 Sows in Farrow

1 Sow and Six Pigs . . .

1 Yoirng Sow ...

12 Store Pigs

1 Boar

7 Fat Pigs

lbs.
3,286

d.

H

lbs.

<1.

£ s. d.

6 0 0

7 0 0
2 0 0

12 0 0

4 0 0

21 0 0

£ s. d.

52 0 0
69 16 0

£ s. d.

To Purchases, riz. —
30 Store Pigs

_

To Balance in favour of
Swine camed forward

121 16 0
195 4 0

317 0 0

Cr.

By Sales, viz. —
39 Fat Pigs

-Z?y Valuation
at Michaelmas, I860.

16 SmaU Pigs ...l

2 Store Sows \

1 Boar 1

1 Ditto fatting

8 Fat Pigs \

11,18.5

0

8,839

H

79

234 2 0

29 16 0
53 2 0

317 0 0

—

317 0 0

1 Year. To

Michaelmas,

1865.

Br.

(iuaiitity.

i
1
1 Price.

£ s.

d,

£ s. d.

To Balance brought forward

195 4 0

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —

Bushels.

£ s. d.

Barley Meal (per bush, of 51 lbs.)

862

0 3 6

150 17

0

Beans ...

7

0 5 6

1 18

6

Indian Corn (per bush, of 60 lbs.)

28
T. OAvt. qr. lb

0 3 93

5 6

9

—

Bran

2 5 13

5 8 0

12 4

6

Mangold

5 6 2 22

I

Swedes ...

0 4 0 2

Turnips...

0 14 3 0

170 6 9

Balance, being amount realised beyond Ihe
cost of iMuchased food ... "...

24 17 3

101

THE SWINE ACCOUNT.— RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas, 1866.

Br.

To Vnhiation

Live
weight.

Per

lb.

Dead

weight.

Per

lb.

Percent, of

dead to live

weight.

at Michaelmm, 1860.
16 Small Pigs ... ^

2 Store Sows C

1 Boar 3

1 ditto Fattirii^ ... )
8 Fat Pigs ■^. \

lbs.

d.

lbs.

d.
...

£ s. d.
29 16 0

53 2 0

£ s. d.

82 18 0
10 0 0

£ s. d,

To Furchases, viz. —
10 Store Pigs

—

To Balance in favour of
Swine carried forward

92 18 0
124 16 6

—

65 17 6
151 17 0

217 14 6

Cr.

Bi/ Sales, viz. —
8 Fat Pigs

By Valuation
at Michaelmas, 1866.

17 Fat Pigs

14 Store Pigs ... "^

2 Boars .

1 Sow and 5 Pigs f
1 Sow in Farrow J

2,991

•H

2,512

H

84

106 17 0
45 0 0

—

217 14 6

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas, 1866.

Dr.

To Balance brought forward ...

Cr.

By Produce consumed, vis. — •
Barley Meal, &c., (per bush, of 55 lbs.)
Beans (per bush, of 65 lbs.)

Bran

Rice Meal ...

Mangolds

Cost of Purchased Food beyond amount realised

Bushels

•

7131
11

T. cwt qr.
1 6 2

lb.
24

2 4 3

0

2 10 3

16

0 4 5
0 5 10

5 8 0
8 0 0

£ s.

d.

157 10
3 4

2

2

7 4
17 18

3
0

—

£ s. d.
124 16 6

185 16 7

61 0 1

102

TKE SWINE ACCOUNT— RECEIPTS AND PAYIMENTS.

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1867.

Br.

To Valuation
at Michaelmas, 1866

17 Fat Pigs

14 Store Pigs ...

2 Boars

1 Sow and o Pigs

1 Sow in FaiTow

To Purchases, viz.—
38 Store Pigs

To Balance in favour of
Swine carried forward

Cr.

By Sales, viz. —
29 Fat Pigs ...
2 ditto (small)...
1 ditto (veiy small)
1 Store Pig
1 Young Sow ...
Bacon ...
Lard
Sundries, ^az. — Pij

meat offal, hide

boar, &c.

of

i?y Valuation
at Michaelmas, 1867.

1 Sow and 4 Pigs

8 Store Pigs

28 Fat Pigs

Live
weight.

lbs.

4,003

10,922

63
60
231

Price
per lb.

3|
4

Dead
weight.

lbs.

8,917
274

1,009

87

Price
per lb.

Per cent.

dead to

live weight.

o^

814

£ s.
106 i:

45 0 0

185 7 10
6 3 0

0 0
0 0
0 0

28 8
2 14

4i

30 17 41

5 0 0

2 16 0

142 10 0

£ s. d.

151 17 0

61 4 0

260 11 0

150 6 0

s. d.

213 1 0
197 16 0
410 17 0

410 17 0

1 Yeah. To Michaelmas, 1867.

Dr.

£

s.

d.

&

s.

d.

£ s. d.

To Balance brought forward

197 16 0

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —

Bushels.

Barley Meal mixture (per bush, of 68 lbs.)

1.0224-

0

5

0

255

11

0

Beans (i^er bush, of 63 lbs.)

7

0

0

3

2

3

9

Grains

T.

312
cwt. qrs.

lbs.

0

0

H

4

10

0

—

Greaves

0

6 0

14

0

14

0

4

0

6

Eice Meal

10

G 0

0

9

3

9

94

6

7

Bran

0

11 0

1

5

9

0

3

0

0

—

363

16

10

_

Mangolds

0

10 2

24

—

—

363 16 10

Cost of purchased food beyond amount

realised ...

166 0 10

103

THE SWINE ACCOUNT,— RECEIPTS AJSTD PAYMENTS.

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas, 1868.

Br.

To Valuation

Live

■weig-ht.

Price
per
lb.

Dead

weight.

Price
per
lb.

Per cent,
of dead
to live
weig-ht.

»

at Michaelmas, 1867.

1 Sow and 4 Pigs

2 Store Pigs ...

28 Fat Pigs

lbs.

a.

lbs.

d.

£ s. d.

5 0 0

2 16 0

142 10 0

£ s. d.

150 6 0

64 15 6
227 8 9

£ s. d.

To Turchascs, viz. —

52 Store Pigs

Balance in favoiu" of
Swine carried forward

449 10 3

Cr.

By Sales, viz. —

56 Fat Pigs

1 Store Ditto

3 Sows

1 Boar

16,228

1,148
575

H

3

12,687

"920
476

6
U

703

80
821

318 9 3
0 5 0

18 8 0
7 2 0

344 4 3
98 6 0

^^

By Valuation
to Michaelmas, 1868.

16 Fat Pigs

4 Store Pigs

93 IG 0
4 10 0

—

449 10 3

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas,

L868.

Dr.

Quantity.

Price,

£ s.

d.

£ s. d.

To Balance brought forward

..,

227 8 9

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —

Bushels.

£ 8. d.

Barley Meal Mixtm-e (per bush, of 57 lbs.) ...
Beans

Bran

Rice Meal

4031

6

T. cwt. qr. lb.

0 19 1 20

13 6 1 2

0 5 2i
0 6 6

5 4 6i
9 3 9

105 6
1 19

5 1
122 6

6^
0

Ih
4

"^34 1 3 Ci^

Cost of purchased Food beyond amount
realised

7 4 9i

104

THE SWINE ACCOUNT.— RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1869.

Dr.

To Valnation

Live

weight.

Price
per
lb.

Dead
weight.

Price
per
lb.

Per cent. of

dead to live

weight.

at Michaelmas, 1868.

16 Fat Pigs

4 Store Pigs

lbs.
2,640

d.
5

lbs.

d.

£ s. d.

£ s. d.

93 16 0

4 10 0

£ s. d.

98 6 0
55 14 0

183 13 9

£ s. d.

To Farchascs, viz. —
38 Store Pigs

Balance in favour of
Swine carried forward

337 13 9

Cr.

By Sales, viz. —

56 Fat Pigs

2 Pigs died

15,223

H

12,077

61

79

—

—

337 13 9

To Valuation
at Michaelmas, 1869.

337 13 *^)

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas, 1869.

Dr.

To Balance brought foi'ward

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —

Bush. lbs.
Barley Meal Mixture (per Bushel of 47 lbs.) ... j 683 25

T. cwt. qr. lb.
Bran 0 12 1 13

Amount Realised beyond the Cost of Piu'chased
Food

£ s. d.

0 4 43
0 5 5

£ 8. d.

150 4 8i
3 4 11

£ s. d.

183 13 9

153 9 7i

30 4 1?

105

THE SWINE ACCOUNT.— RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas, 1870.

Dr.

To Yaliwt'ion

Live
weight.

Price
per
lb.

Dead
weight.

Price j Per cent. of
per dead to live
lb. weight.

at Michaelmas, 1869.

To Parchases, viz.—

58 Store Pig-s ...

To Balance in favouv of
Pigs

lbs.
2,646

d.

11)S.

d.

£ s. d.

74 14 0
287 11 1

£ s. d.
362 5 1

& s. d.

362 5 1

Cr.

By Sales, viz. —

12 Fat Pig-s

1 Ditto diseased

2 Ditto died

—

—

2,417

127

7i
3

72 18 9
1 13 4

74 12 1

287 13 0

—

Bi/ Valnation,
Michaelmas, 1870.

43 Fat Pigs

3(39 5 \

1 Yeak. To Michaelmas, 1870.

Br.

To Balance brought forward ...

Cr.

By Produce Consumed, viz. —
Barley Meal

Bran

nice Meal ...

Grains

Amount Realised beyond the Cost of Pvirchased
Food

Cluantitv.

Bushels.

1,252

T. cwt. qr. lb.

0 5 2 24

1 10 0 0
30 bush.

Price.

0 4 3
4 14 8
0 0 4

£ s. d.

266 1 0

1 7
11 12

0 10 0

£ 8. d.
287 11 1

279 10 7i

8 0 5?

106

t— I

o

H

P

O

o
o
<1

H

I— I

^2

^

o

o

c

1

= 1

o

s

-o

"

^

a

CO

r^

t^

_ CO CO

o

"3

-^

'-'

■—1

: : '-'

c3

1^

o

' o

" CO t--

■o

■a>

o

1 — 1

.— I

co c^

CO

-fl

>*

as

d

o o

o o

a rH

.^.

1- -i'

r-l CO

'fi n .

!^

^

■— '

■—1 :

^

:*?

,-( ^

o o

1- CO

i^ CO

o >o

o c

'"'

'-'

(M ^

-M ^

.

r^

O CO

CO

CO

t^ CO

^

§

a

-

. . CO CO

~f

. •<*<

. CO CO

o

; : — 1 .-(

cS

J

■^

C-l tH

t^

t^

O '^

rH

o

O -M

t— 1

. — (

00 >>!

CO

^i

'-'

■M

■N

-^ ^

^"

■d

o o

CO o

-rf CO

^'

CO o

t^ t^

-t< -M .

f— t

i-H 1— 1

1 — 1

o

>^

^

-M O

>0 1—1

O O

CO ^

CO ic

CO -M

'"'

'-'

—'

a

'd

o

O

o

o o

m

) -t<

o

. o

. •* -^

"3

g

^

H >0

t^

t^

'O vO

"3

c-

1 C5

1 — 1

f— 1

C5 O

■^i

< ^

CO

CO

^ rH

g"

'd

o o

o o

o CO

CO

c3

O CO

c-l CO

,^ ^

t^

. — 1

T-H

— H . 1

t-H

O

>H

■-♦J

-M CI

-+I c^

-M f-

-t<

O CD

CO CO

C-l

'^

"-'

1

-d

5 --I

-^

-'

O rH

Ci

s

.•

H t^

CO

. CO

. C3 I^

c-l

a>

s

,i3

=tj

o

5 CO

(M

•M

rH CO

t^

_o .

ir

5 CO

05

o

t^ CO

CO

C-l

c-l

OrH

•d

o o"

rt o

CO o

o c^ .

b

•-<

■-I f-H •

><

CO ^

O C-1

CO -+I

'^

-+1 lO

CO CO

'"'

-^

iM

-lei

r-l?1

-III

-IM-ln

-d

> O

o

o

a> o

,—1

■— '

■—1

•—1

•—1

tJ

. . V

2 t^

VfJ

. 'O

. 35 I:^

^

■( .-H

•—I

. .— 1

. ^^ ,-<

t-

lO

CO

CO

-n >re

Cl

fH 00

«tj

'J

5 O

C3

C5

CO o

c-l

1 CO^

►O^

'O

co^oo_

ciii-i

(>r

c^r

■m"

ofc-f

-|M

-ICl

3oo

-d

o o
i— 1 t^

■M >0

CI CO

o o

o CO

>0 CO

r-t ^ ~i<

CO CO CO

o c:i >o

CO Ci

1— rH

■i<_ .-1

C3_CO

c-f

r-T

cc : :

2 :

: CO : p : : :

'^ :

.3 • •

i

0 :

••s • 6 ■ ■ ■

o
op

p

c?

=f-i '.

: s • • m .

o _

d ■ •
1— 1

o •

o

o

jg . .

o

>

o

Ni

=3 «

2 bD
§ g

1 i

11

o °*

^

0=^ S

o . . H ;« S ^ ^

o S

H P-i

M

mm

;5 p^hI^

-rj

m

O

107

-5 -^

CC O O O I lO
.-' O O O — H

I I

.-H t^ O :o

©00

>* O ^ O

-t< O CO rt

— I t^ irT' CO

o o

: i-i 00 I o

C5 Ci

CO CO

CO o
CO CO

CO Ol

H

g : S :Pn

CS o

w

'73

p,

Ti

: >^

f3

■m '■

CO

o

-f1

o

«= CC

c3
O

".5 :

^ c

f5

X'M

C-^rii

o

>■. >i

fS

s

WW

^

P^ rq

«^

00 ii'^

fH as

y P.

n o

108

THE POULTRY ACCOUNT.— RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS.
13 Years. Fuom Michaelmas, 1850, to Michaelmas, 1863.

Br.

To Valuation at Michaehnas, 1850.
To Purchases

To Corn consumed, viz. —

Wheat

Barley

Oats ■"

Buck- wheat

Millet

Quantity.
Bushels.

8 ^
442 1

40i ;►

281

H )

£ s. d.
0 9 61

£ s. d.
0 17 6

249 14 5

£ s. d.
9,50 11 11

Cr.

By Cash received

Valuation at Michaelmas, 1863

240 11 11
10 0 0

250 11 11

1 Year. To Michaelmas, 1864.

Dr.

To Valuation at Michaelmas, 1863

To Balance in favour of Poultry carried over

£ a. d.
... 10 0 0
... 20 3 10

30 3 10

Cr.

By Cash received

,, from "Wilton House, to October, 1864

By Valuation at Michaelmas, 1864 ...

£ s. d.

... 12 0 6
... 10 3 4

22 3 10
8 0 0

30 3 10

I>r.

Quantity.

£ s.

d.

£ s. d.

£ s. d.

To Balance brought forward

20 3 10

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —

Barley (per Bushel of 50 lbs.) (23i bushels
(gj 3/4 = £3 IBs. 4d.)

Bushels.
231

0 17

2

—

20 3 10

0 0 0

1 Yeah. To ISIichaelmas, 1865.

Hr.

To Valuation at Michaelmas, 1864

To Balance in favour of Poultry carried forward . . .

8 0 0
26 18 0

34 18 0

Cr.

By Sale of Poultry and Eggs

„ „ ,, to Wilton House

By Valuation at Michaelmas, 1865

£ s. d.
10 13 10
14 4 2

24 18 0
10 0 0

34 18 0

109

THE rOULTRY ACCOUNT. -RECEIPTS AND PAY.AIENTS {coidUmetT).

Dr.

Quantity.

£ s. d.

£ s. d.

£ s. d.

To Balance brought forward ...

26 18 0

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —

Barley (per bushel of 51 lbs.) (42 bushels
@3/6=:£7 7s.)

Bushel.s
42

0 12 9|

—

26 18 0

0 0 0

1 Yeah. To Michaelmas, 1866.

Br.

To Valuation at Michaelmas, 1865 ...

To Balance in favour of Poultry carried foiward . . .

Cr.

By Sale of Poultry and Eggs
Ditto to Wilton House

By Valuation, to Michaelmas, 1866

£

s. d.

10

0 0

19

7 3

29

7 3

£

s.

d.

7

0

7

12

6

8

19 7 3
10 0 0

29 7

I)r.
To Balance brought forward

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —

Barley, 191 bush. @ 4/- £313 0")

Barley Meal (per bush, of 55 lbs.) [

33 bush. @4/5 7 5 9;'

Buckwheat 1 bush. @ 3/3 0 3 3 J

T. cwt. qr. lb.
Bran 0 2 0 19 @ 5/8/0 0 11 8

£11 18 8

Bush.

£ s. d.

0 7 01

5 8 0

£ s. d.

IS 15 7

0 11 8

19 7 3

0 0 0

Br. 1867.

To Valuation at Michaelmas, 1866
To Balance in favovu* of Poultry carried forward . . .

£ p. d.

10 0 0

10 4 4

£20 4 4

Cr.

By Sale of Poidtry and Egg.s
Ditto to Wilton House . . .

By Valuation at Michaelmas, 1867

£ s. d.

4 16 0

8 8 4

£13 4 4

7 0 0

£20 4 4

Br.

To Balance brought forw.'ird

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —

Barley, 13i bush. @ 5 6 £3 14

Barley Meal Mixture (per bushel of

of 58 lbs.) 211 bush. (® 5 - ,3 q

B-.isli.

1

n

8)

^H

£ s. d.

0 5 10

£ s. d.

£ s. d.
10 4 4

10 4 4

0 0 0

no

THE POULTRY ACCOUNT—RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS (continued).

Dr. 1868.

To Valuation at Michaelmas, 18G7

To Balance in favour of Poulti'v carried forward

Ci:
By Sale of Poultry and Eggs
By ditto to Wilton House

Bj' Valuation at Michaelmas, 18G8

£ f.

7 0

16 11

d
0

0

£23 11

0

£ s.
5 11

11 0

d.
0
0

16 11
7 0

£23 11 0

Dr.
To Balance Lrought forward

Cr.

By Produce consumed, viz. —
Barley Meal Mixtiu-e (18 bush. @ 5 2i) £4 13 10 1

Bush.

IS

£ s. d.

0 18 41

£ s. d.
16 11 0

16 11 0

0 0 0

Dr. 18G9.

To Valuation at Michaehuas, 1868

To Balance in favour of I'oultrv cairied forward

Cr.
By Sales of Poultry and Eggs to sundry persons ...
Bv ditto to Wilton House

Bj- Valuation at Michaelmas, 1869

A s. d.

7 0 0

19 18 9

26 18 9

£

p.

d.

3

19

Ji

15

9

0

19

8

9

7

10

0

26 1!^ !)

Br.
To Balance brought forward

Cr. By Produce consumed, viz. —

Barley INIeal Mixtiu'e, 24 bush. 8 lb.

(8) 4 4J o

Barley Si bush. @ 4/- 1

Wheat, a bush. @ 3/- 0

1 Ye.vk. To Michaelmas, 1870.

Br.
To Valuation at Michaelmas, 1869 ...
To Balance in favom- of Poultry carried forward .

Cr.

By Sales of Poultry and Eggs to sundry persons
By ditto to Wilton House

By Valuation at jMichaelmas, 1870 ...

£ g.

d.

7 10

0

28 10

0

36 0

0

£

s.

d.

2

6

4

26

13

8

29 0

7 0

£36 0 0

Br.
To Balance brought forward ...

Cr. By Produce consumed, viz. —
Barley Meal Mixture

Amount realised beyond the cost of purchased food

Ill

s

d

C

■*

-*

•^

^

"*

_§

a;

: c -*

-V

: -t*

-f

-1-

1

"^

c o

o

o

o

o

Ss

.—1 ■— 1

C-l

(M

•"^

^

ooo

H'"

'^

c

^

O

1

ai-

o

f

o

tS

■¥?

o

CO

l-

'-'

'"'

'"'

C3

-^^

c CO

or

co

CO

CO

a;

: o t~

t^

: t^

I-

i^

si

•s

"^

O C2

o

c^

CI

C--

C-l

(M

p

^6

o

CO

C

^

o

I-

o

as

Oi

>H

=rt

c

C5

o

'"'

'"'

^

m"

^■

o o

c

o

o

o

a;

: c GO

cc

: CO

CO

CO

ce

i-H

>— '

: I— 1

^^

•— 1

1

■^

CO o

'f

^

o

o

§g

<M

CO

CO

(M

iM

oco

E-i-^

"^

o

o

c

oi

o

CO

c

:

s

>^

■^

CO

f*<

o

C-l

'-'

M

c o

c

o

o

O

ci

"

"-1

■-^

^

■— '

■— '

s

; O CO

00

: CO

CO

CO

ca

02

•g

O O

c

o

o

o

=+^

.-1 <M

CO

CO

Ol

C-I

'6

©

o

o

"— '

^

o

CO

c

5

K^

=+j

o

(M

(X

^

'"'

0^1

-«•

'O lO

-

:^

..o

vC

'&

K

• r^ ^

,_

■ ^

-f

-f

a

>'ai

=«

O C5

o

o

C3

c:

S«

•<*<

iro

»o

'^l

■^

!M

<M

(M

<M

C^

°I

eiS

tS

O

T— «

o

03 >-l

p

Cfj

t^

,_,

c

-5

'"'

'"'

=+i

o

O

o

"c

: >-. :

"S :

ci

o :

c;
Pi

;S

eg

^

o

3

53

t/3

o
: P-i :

6€ o

ll

C

o

S '^

^*P^

o

O -tJ

fcc ^

o

; 5

^ oc

-S-s

r^ CO

o

II

o

O

S^

o ^

5 O •r'

"■O

C

(^

p

-9 c S

3 '^ <^

x
e ^

£ o

II

h^

pi;

K

If,

H

C

-<

112

■d

CO

rtW
C-I

•" 9

<^ r!

1

1 1 1

1

1 !

^<

■^

1

1 1 1

1

1

1 1

CO

o

o

o

«l*

-IM

■d

'-<

(M

^a

«s

I

1 1 1

1

1

1 i

'Tf

l^

I 1 1

1

1

1 1

CO

-

^_J

o

o

^3

3-^

cc

1

1 1 1

,

1

1 1

CO

^

Oo

1

1 1 1

1

1 1

Hjrl

-+I

1^

fl

«*?

•

CD
CO

Ol

o

-d

o o

_

o

O

■o

CO

I

1

ai

: 2 S

o

: o

o

o

-*

S

=*?

I- GO

to

<r>

oo

^

I-

'M

CO

CO

C-l

C-I

O CO

H^

■^

C'

o

o

j^

cS

yj

o

o

o

>^

'"'

^

i~

o

r-

^

o o

o

o

Ci

Ci

2

1

•

: o 1X1

CO

• CO

OD

O)

■—1

^^

• ■— '

■-'

"-^

1

■^^

t- Ci

CD

C-1

o

cv

^ CD

o^

H"

t3

o

C5

o

^

="'

o

x

C:

^

1^

a>

t--

r-:

o o

c;

o

o

o

f

to

• o ^

f.^

• f-H

, — t

(-H

"O

■— '

'-I

: t-H

'-'

—1

<+>

t^ -o

CO

CO

^

•-D

(M

C-I

^

o

o

o

>h'

03

o

O

>^

■^f?

t^

^o

I-

E2

>. :

1 ^

cs :

o ■

"5 ■

n

>—<

fl

H

fcO

O

: ^ :

5X1 o

H CO

p4

11

fl

o

S '^

s?f^

1

CD rfl

3

o

J, CO

11

^ 1

o

5 J

^ 1

5 S

ii

.5 '^

b ^
'■1 Ph

o

OJ Q CJ

O cS

"S o

re o -.-H

C ,

"^

p

s

t— 1

1 §§

3 -^ "

^ 1

1 3

C.3

|l

Ph

?P

'^

l-H

•-(

3

<1

GENERAL
APPE^s^DIX AND ADDENDA

[to

WILT ox HOUSE HOME FARM

ACCOUNTS,

FROM

MICHAELMAS, 1850, to MICHAELMAS, 1873:

115

RECAPITULATION OF STOCK ACCOUNTS.

Sheei'.
Grain consumed yearly, and

charged at market prices . . .
Feeding Stuffs purchased
Hay consumed of home growth

Milk

Amount realised in conversion

of Forage
■Cost of purchased Food beyond

amount realised

Cattle.

"Grain consumed yearly, and
charged at market prices ...
Feeding- Stuffs pvuchased

Milk

Hay consumed of home growth
Amount realised in conversion
of Forage

Swine.

Grain consumed yearly, and
charged at mai-kct prices ...

Feeding Stuff's piuchased

Milk

Amount realised in conversion
of Forage

Cost of purchased Food beyond
amount realised

TOI-LTKY.

Gi'ain consumed yearly, and
charged at market prices . . .

Amount realised above cost of
purchased Food

Deduct receipts from payments

Balance, being loss by Stock,
Hay of home growth, and not

Total on 110
acres.

£

s.

d.

3,809
3,746
1,562

1

11
7
8
7

5

5i

1|
0

4,811

8

4

146

2

0 1-

1,429

1,620

22

445

4

0
12

1

H

2
1

1,574

3

m

3,161

727

5

14
0

8

4

lOA

4

63

1

lOi

301

0

^

364

3

1

27

4

6

Average

per
aunniu.

190 9 6^

187 6 4|

78 2 5

0 1 4

240 11 5

7 6 li

71

81
1

158 1

36 7

0 5

3 3

15 1

78 14 2i

18 4 li
1 7 2,

Average
per
acre.

£ s.

1 14 n

1 14 oi
0 14 2JL

2 3 8^
0 1 3^

0 13 0

0 14 8|

0 0 2J

0 4 Oi

0 14 3f

1 8 9

0 6 7

0 0 Oi

0 0 63

0 2

0 3 3f
0 0 23

including the amount cliargcd for
included in the Cash Accounts

Per acre.

Amount
received.

0 14 2i

2 3 8^

Amount
X^aid,

& s. d.

1 14 7h
1 14 Oi

0 4 Oi
0 14 33

0 0 6:

3 16 lOi

0 13
0 14
0 0

1 8 9
0 6 7i
0 0 QL

n

6 15 3^
3 16 10|

2 18

N.B. — The above statement corroborates previous deductions thus : —

Balance as above, being loss by Stock in the production of meat

The aggregate loss in converting the Hay, Root, and Green Ci'ops into meat is
shown (Fol. 18 of the accounts) to bo

The amount deducted (Fol. 31) as the loss in producing the [Hay, Root, and
Green Crops before conversion of them into meat is shown to be

And consequently the loss by Stock is thus corroborated.

2 18 oh

2 IS 8

s-i

116

ANALYSIS OF THE SOILS OF WILTON HOUSE HOME

FARM,

By Sir Lyon Playfaik, C.B., F.R.S.

Sir,

Museum Economic Geology,

24a Angusf, 1846.

I liave now tte honour to transmit to you the results of my
analysis of six specimens of soils sent by you at the request of the
Honourable Sidney Herbert.

I will first state the results of the analysis of soils Nos. 1, 2, 4^
5, as these are analogous in properties : —

Organic matter

Carbonate of lime (chalk;
Carbonate of magnesia
Phosphate of magnesia
Peroxide of manganese
Peroxide of iron
Almnina ...
Silica

Potash 1 T X • ii M

,, 1 >- as silicates m the soils
boda J

Sulphates and chlorides
Differences from 100 ...

I.

II.

rv.

V.

5-38 ..

7-96

0-7 .

9-&

42-7-1 ..

44 79

.. 6.5-3 .

60-.>

0-.57 ..

1-17

2-0 .

2-3

O-oO ..

0-28

. . trace .

trace

0-21 ..

trace

trace

. trace

4-07 ..

3-34

4-1 .

1-9

4-;i-i ..

5-33

4-7 .

3.6

42-5.') ..

35-84

.. 17-8 .

20-2

0-.J2 .,

0-07 ..

1-58^
trace J

. . traces

0-8
. trace

traces ..

traces

. . traces .

. traces

100-93 ..

100-29

.. 99-6 .

99-1

93 ..

29

4 .

9

100-00

100-00

100-0

lOO-O'

Soils No<. 3 and 0 are much less calcareous, and are composed as
follows : —

Organic matter

SUica

Alumina

Peroxide of iron

Protoxide of iron

Peroxide of mituganesc

eh only a trace is as chalk, th^' piiiicij
combined with silica

Magnesia

Potash

Chloride of sodium (common salt)
Phosphoric acid

Difference from 100 ..

I of whicl

Lime 1- , .

j combi

1 part being (^
... I

m.

16-14
64-12
8-30
3-92
1-71
0-20

3-01

0-06

2-03

trace

0-32

99-81
0-19

VI.

1-3
70-3
16-9

\ -

0-6
0-8

0-5

about 0-8

trace

trace

99-9
01

100-00

100-00

117

The first point which characterises all these soils is their deficiency
in sulphates, and perhaps also in common salt, although the latter is
present in larger traces than the former. Sulphates are absolutely
essential to the growth of cereal crops, and may be supplied as a
manure either in the form of gypsum, of glauber salts (sulphate of
soda) or in guano. If gypsum can easily be obtained in your locality
it might be advantageously tried.

No. I. contains in tolerable abundance all the constituents essential
to fertility except sulphates and common salt. You will know by
practical experience whether there be sufficient alumina (clay) to give
proper tenacity to the soil.

No. II. is deficient in soda, which might be supplied by salt or
sulphate of soda, as the sulphates are deficient. The phosphoric acid
is present in very small quantity, and ought to be supplied copiously,
either in the form of stable manure, bone earth, or guano, as best
suits the physical condition of the soil.

No. III. is deficient in magnesia, and also in lime. The magnesia
is often advantageously added by throwing a small quantity of sulphate
of magnesia (Epsom salts) into the stable, night-soil, or other manures
used. This saline manure has been used in Yorkshire under similar
circumstances with success. A limestone containing several per cent,
of magnesia would, however, be a safer addition, and attended with less
trouble, as both lime and magnesia are required. The soil requires good
working, as it contains so much organic matter as to reduce the peroxide
of iron (iron rust) into the protoxide of iron, which is highly poisonous to
plants. Good working and exposure to air is the only means of over-
coming this evil.

No. IV. is not calculated at j)resent for the crops containing alkalies
without the copious use of manures containing these ingredients. Both
the potash and soda are very deficient. They may be supplied in wood
ashes, the nitrates of potash and soda, stable manure, guano, &c., or with
the addition of some of the first to the latter manures. This soil is also
very deficient in phosphates.

No. V. I understand to be the upper soil, and No. VI. to be the sul)-
soil of the same field. The upper soil is very deficient in alumina, which
trenching the subsoil would supply. One precaution should, however, be
observed. The subsoil contains a considerable quantity of iron, which in
the specimen sent to me is princijjally in the favourable state for trench-
ploughing (as peroxide), but as this might have changed by exposure
to the air, I wish you would send me by post a small quantity —

118

an ounce or two would be sufficient — to examine this again in a
freslily excavated specimen. Liming would aid the j)assage of the
lower into the higher oxide. Phosj^hates are wanting in Nos. V.
and VI., and are especially necessary for garden allotments. The
addition of this in manure is easy, and the allottees should be told
that the saving and application of their liquid manure and night-
soil to this land would be especially beneficial. Soda salts are also-
wanting, and should be supplied in the manure. Even if trench-
ploughing does not succeed at first, I have little doubt of its doing so in a
very short time from the decomposing powers of the chalk in the uj^per
soil upon the undisintegrated parts of the sub-soil.

I shall be delighted to give you any further information in my
])Ower, or to furnish any explanations which you may desire, and I have

the honour to be.

Your faithful servant,

LYON PLAYFAIR.

W. RoBSON, Esq.

119

1 Horses. ^

1 Cattle. g

1 Sheep. §

Swine. J2

1 Poultry. ES

Gardeniug. SS

1 Mustard. g

1 ^

1 ^

1 «•

00

Allow, when ill. g

Mix. Manure. §

Lime Burning. £2

1 Clialkii g. ^

Subsoiling. g

1 Chaff Cutting. g

Hay, &c., Trussing. ^

Corn Crushing. g§

Weighing. »

Boad Making. g

Fencing. g

Sundries. g

Temperatiu-e. fc

to
ft

Farm. fe

Park and Demesne, fj

to

00

Game. J:

to

Daii-y. £;

Estate. *;

to

Total.

Nos. of Laboiu-ers.

Observations.

on

ft

Paid on Account of
Day Work.

to
ft

Paid on Ac<^ount of
Task Woi k.

to

CO

ft

Total.

Nos. of Labourers.

Labourer's Name.

Saturday.

Monday.

Tuesday.

Wednesday.

Thursday.

Friday.

Farm.

Park and Demesne.

Game.

Dairy.

Estate.

Wages per Day.

Wheat.

Barley. to

Oats. C5

Peas. *-

Beans. or

Vetches. o-

Trifolium. m

Clover. 00

Sainfoin. o

Kye. 5

Ital. Bye Grass, ti

Lucerne. ^

Cabbage. ^

Eai)e and Turnips. ^

Swedes. ^

Mangolds. g

Potatoes. ^

^

s

o

c
>

o
o
o

O

f

o

1— I
Q

>
o
w
w

{Co7il hilled below.)

120

FUr.THER ADDENDA TO SHEEP ACCOUXT.

Sale Q/tfuititics Ai/rt/i/sed.
13 Yeai-.s. Tuom Michaelmas, 18o0, to Michaelmas, 18C3.

Foui' and Six TecUi Wether
Fat Ewes ...
Inferior Mutton ...
Earns sold for Stoek
Lambs killed for ISIutton
Lambs killed for Lamb
Earns sold for jMntton . . .
Stock Tegs sold for IMutton
Stock Lambs

Ditto, Culls

Stock Ewes

No. of
each
class
sold.

157

669

128

255

1,120

721

93

15

227

18

90

Average of each
animal.

Live
weisrht.

8 years' Wool to
Michaelmas, 1863

5 years' Wool tc
Michaelmas, 1855

Hire of Rams

Skins

No. of Fleece?

Teg.

688

Ewe.

1.983

1,834

Total Weight.

Tes

lbs.
3,845

Ewe.

lbs.
6,491

8,644

Teg-
and
Ewe.

lb.
1611

ISlfo

138
12U

127

91t^
62t^
123

Price
per
lb.

lbs.
10,336

8,644

d.
151

Dead
weight.

lb.
88A

"-10

45-^-
^-"lo

761
69-^^

Per
cent.

dead to
live

weight.

lb.
54

51to
49t''o

54-/^

Weight per
Fleece.

Teg.

lbs. oz.
5 9

Ewe.

lbs. oz.
3 4

lb.=!. oz.
4 11

£ .s.

347 7

1,625 14

138 18

946 4

2,135 13

1,203 3

187 0

32 9

355 19

13 15

170 15

d.

lOf
3
5 a

54

10|

5h

3"^

0"

0

6

,157 1 m

658 16 0

622 14 0

8 17 2
15 9 11

8,462 17 lOi

121

-a

o

-o

.;

t^

»

^

tf!

1-^

I'T

<M

i \

\

n -A

\

;?*-==

\

\

(§)?'

\

.«>

ru o

\

ci -

<D -^J

-73^

\

. iD

\

rO g

\

r- ^

\

o „

\

<^ .rt

\

°^-

\

/ ^

\

•^ c

\

\

■.p^

\

H o

C5 ci

CO o

\

.-* o

\

P2 fc.SP

\

^y.%

\

^ " ^^

\

■-^

one
Live
Deac

\

>.

1

■^

d

•M

C)

-f ■>\

3

MM 1 M 1 ^

-*< CO t^

^'

-'

M ! 1 1 Ml

—1 rf

(M

O O '^

■M

■M ; oi

-=•

C~1 O O O CI 00 t-- -*

■^

-* vcj O O -M O t^ ■M

^

CO i^ 1"; o --I —(-MO

ri

oooo o co-oo

00

O 'i^ 1 ti O I- t^ t^ \

<ri

■MCSC50 O OOO

. ^— ^

•y-; :

;S

•o.ii.xd -posi^Bat ooud

I^ .

-jsoQ pauinsev

C5

:'.'.'.'. -^ ::. '.

C^I 1

-J . . . .

;S ■ «■

^ ^ o

be : ■£

. s . g ^ . .

<D

1 S

Hay .
Barley I
Oilcake .
Buck-w
Turnips
Vetches,
&c. .
Swedes .
^Mangolc
Cabbage

^ ^

^— 4=cccSo-o ^oo :

!C|tH

o ri

'^'^^ rtrtoci— 1 CO— (^ o

.

5©

ij

^

^ O I— (M O OO O ^ t^ -O C3

o

o ^^ ^ -^

H

H-hOOO^-< -f-^O

W

'

•;qSi3AipBop
m a'stja.xoui

eSBJaAV

M 1 !| 1 1 1

ui asBO.TOtri

-+I O — < CO C3 CO IC CI
AiC0C100O>^Cl'-H

-*

•;q,§ioAV 3Ar[
III ascajout

CO a: -^ — 1 -:>< t;- 'C Cl

CO i r~ i^ -^ o CI t'—

CO «- o o -f o -o o

CO

•;Baq^

1 1 1 1 M^"l :

5s

Si

qing i- 1 MM :
CI

^
^

•aaBji

>0 1 1 1 CI O 1 1

C3 o o

lO ' ' CO '^f ' '

1

■aSBqq'BO

o I i 1 M i 1

'S

^

•a.Ca
puB saqo^aA

- 1 I-- 1 1 1 '-■

CO 1 1 co_^ o 1 1 1

S

•lunipjux

:^ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

■anx^ovri

o 1 1 I o 1 1 1 ^_

-.laAoio

O O O r- "Z

CO 1 1 -o i-i CI o

o 1 1 CI o cM 1 >

cf f^

e

•saqa;a,v

ii i 1 1 1 1 I i

•SSIMO S 1 1 1 1 1. i 1 S

►5

•sxnoSm^jt

CO >;j o CO S

CI 1 'O l^ 1 1 00 t^ x>

a \ o^.c^ 1 1 i-r- C?

cf cP TtT -jh" o

■a

•sapaAig

so ^ CO t- §^
1 o^co_^ 1 1 cc__io^ 1 V

— r cf cf cf _5

.^

•sdiu.mx

—1 CO 1 1 CO o_ 1 1
i-T — T

•oJlTiono

i^— icocot^cocoo
-»H 1— 1 CO t^ CI i^ r~ CI

— 1 ^ — 1 CI Cl CI ^

g.

IBaH
-tei-iua

-t<C75— lOSCOCOCO^

cocooi^t^t— i^— 1

.-H CI CO CI CI CI CI --I

s

s

•-Cbh

>0 CI ■— 1 t^ t^ O T}^ Ci
CI CI O •— ' O CO ^H o
I— iCOCI^COCOt—— 1

c5

s

?/' 1

;-i o

1 ;;;;;; 1

Us gS -S

CD Cl ^ Ol ^ ^

''oooooog

CO +i ^ -4^ •*-> -|J -w ^

x » -c M OT K m =tH

-^ -^ '^ '5 :S "£ "5 x"

OOOOOOOQ

cococococococof^

122

^ pq ^

9 ^

s I

^

o

CO

c^

CI

■■'- 1 1 1 i 1 i 1

1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 ^

»

-»<

=*^ ?;

CI

oS"

■c"!!

. r-i:n-rH-T -iriH-t-W

li i^ l^ l^ l^ 1^ l^ i^

^ ft

"tfS

„• >c o o o c^ o cc

?;-*.-l-!j<CC-rf%-7'0

©a'

It; OC 03 l^ GO t-- O 00

o|

^ ^

r^OOOOOOO

/ cc -^ I- CO >c o CO

1— ( 1— 1

, O t- CI -fi CI ^ 3>

M? d CI CI CI CI CO >.c

> : : : : s?

14th, 1
I, 1 Co

1 Cow
1 Cow

Cow
8th, 1
mas, 2

^ , _^ ^ „

-5 ^' o ^ :S ji ^

s ^ " ci '- 5 .s

^ t^ >,^JS

J< r^ -^ ^ h^ p^ rt

^

. . . ®

to I- OO 3

O 'iD ' - - '-0 '73
O) OC " 03 ^^

,-( ^ ^ r-

o

f— ' iC

CO

ri

o
■ 1 1 I 1

1 1 ; 1 1 -*

CI

V. 1 1 1 1 1

1 III 1

o

c CO

-+I

C5

■^

-^

CI

ccl-Ji reH<Hcc

r-j O O C O O

>C 00 X^ C5 CO

v(0

k' o o c o o

CI O >C CO t^

ll;

„ , O O CI CI CO

^ CI O CI CI

CO

■^rt .-H .-1 O r-H CC

^ lO r-l

■"•

H* -rM-^i-H^i

«:;;;; :

0 4 10

1 18 10
0 3 4
8 lo 7

2 10 0
0 0 3

=♦3

'"'

. .O CO £ CI C GO

Si-'OX . .-^ -H r-.

•^ u ^ 03 t;

2 .3*00 :c ^ C^O <— < CO

,£) ^^

,.,^ ^ CO ^

i^ ■*

-

'-' E; ^ ^- ^ CO o

--^ : : : : ; £' r-i o co cs <=

■^

in X

i:

r^ iJ

Cow

Cow
, 2 Cowi

1 Cow
, 2 Cow

1 Cow

p

—1 c"^' CO o CO CI
^ : : : • U® Z2'-i: ~'

S , -iC CD O >C CO

'"' ^ '^ r^'-S -^

1

^ S Hco

•-' . cc • • • ....

_S

'--1

Januar

Ditto

Novem

Decern'

Novem

Decern

1 ^1 • • ^ ^ • -.^

'^O^SS "§ rri^S

CO t-

o - - -co -
cjo " oo

Barley

Oil Cals
Oats (p
Rice ]\I

Hay...

Mangol
Swedes
Turnip!
Rye Gr
Clover ;

fM

^ ^

123

13

-4J Tjj 43 qj jj

PL, O'

Ph S

4)^

-^ o ^

=^ i:;

CO .-I
o -

O

-=•

0

1

1

1

1

'

1

1

1

'■rt

0

1

1

,

1

1

trt

-i?

r+t

_:r

=.•

0

CO

I-

0

0

=f!

0

^

013

(M

K

or

—

0

-

;;

^

',■■1

(M

w

?:

,a

h

=

■M

CO

H

m -f

y:

c

C-l

-2 c^)

-2

~

"M

-

0

0

0

^^

""^

■"^

H

la

-( —

F-

■M

C

cz;

p

« — '

c

0

0

<

K

j^

c

0

QC 0 cc"

X

;:^

'>[

•M

^^ »— t

H

tio

00

c 0 Ol

c

fe

>s

00

•-I 01 00

^-^

0

cr

■J-:

a

CO

l~

0 r-1 .tl

r^

£^

u-;

1—*

=4H

0

a

0

<>>

1

'^'

^
^

. . 0

cc
0

S

-&

0
>

^

0

OS
0)

«'^

1

'I

>>

,i2

0

>^

0

0

t3

cc g ci

5 « fe

^

0 Si

C

S^

hphO

H

S

0

^j

Pt

a;

s

0

0

ni

><!

43

H

^

be

g

ti

0

^. o ^

124

W

p
o
o
o

p CO
M

3 c,

o

w

H

s

-*!

;3

fl

^

jf

W

o

«

«

puaa

tlD

•qi aad

9A1'];

-ti "-I o

2^

U ~ U ^ tH

=M C^ '-M 13 fy -fi ;-M
'3 S 'S CO '5 C5 'S

W ^' M W M

3 oc3 -e "^ "S '^

-n

o o

t— CO .-H (M

p.; c; o .

-•

X

-t>

-tl

-Tf

—

o

o-co

CO

O

(M

o"

o
CO

Oi

G5

CD

■o

H

'-'

■^

— '

CO

"^

.QIN 00 IM CO

D">-( CO CO (M
"^O Cl (M '^<

^ O CO rt Ol

P5

cu C t^ o

O « W x; :£. J^ H (^

o

cJ S

9 !^

E-i o

125

IS

:..::: 3i -)''>' :

H-r

0

Money Return per
100 lbs. Increase in
Live Weight, in-
cluding Increased
Value of Carcase
bought in.

-ih'-+T-iri Ht

,^' CO rt CO -o 0 0
. >s 0 >o Oi 0 : ^

^ -, CO -0 CO

Ht
GO

0

Cl

CO

It

oostNrtooeocoocoi^

OOiOOCOCOt^OOC5i-l-*
(M Tt< CO rH i-H pH

JO

H
>o

0

Hi

13 05 lO CI

^.Tt<co : : <M : :
c^ 0 0 c

i

O

%i

• -co : : ^ r.^ 1- :

0

:

0

'3
0

T3 0 .-- CO

j^. : :i-i- : : 0

C5S
o

O O 'M • O t- >.1 ^ >Q I^

o^-*_C2^ . ^_^02 1-- CO ^^«q_

0
0

co^

0

"o

CO t- CO r-l 1^ o

.CO . ^

0

CO

CO

a
.2

0 s i 0.3

_. c CI 1- CI C-. : -f
qjd Tj< -f CI ^ ^

■0

CO
CI

g

2

r

C-l Ci O 1^ CO -+I o >o O l^

CO o 'r^ o CO -*< o o i^ >o

Tf'OOr-it-'MCOCOO-f

CI

0 C-1

£<.-,ii

1^

(M o CO >?i i:r> T— 1 lO to rH o
i^^coC3C<iooi-cooco

C-l_^_^ CO rt l^ C-4 ^ rt ^ rt

a

3

3

o

ri

CO

»o

CO

j; 0) 0

,^ >c >.c -^ cr. C-, -*

. C5 -+i 0 0 CO : CO

^0^ ^^ 0 c

0

CO

0
0

o
o

>>

m

OCitMr-icO^CiCOt^-"^
00-+IO1— lOOCOi^COO^

i-HC<ia5iooi^coTt<o

i-T (m" C-f C-f rn" .-T

CO

I-

CO

fl

1^.£:a
-« .° ■

£s.3:S

0 ^

r3 CO CI 0 CO C7 C

. 0 CO i-H CI CI : 1(0

(^ -H d CO rH r-. 0

0

CI

P

>

o

i0 090-*OrtCOTt(l^O
r-H ^ t— Ci C^l IM ^ iM ■— ' C

0

0

-12

0

ojt-~>ra-^iMa>oocooTj<

lOiOCOODCOCOiCOOOO

rtCO-*rt.-Hrtrt,-(rt

0

C5

.-

ro

lit

«l «> t_— !_•- CD a> 0 CI

oj^j^osococbo •

lO?OvOvracOCOCDCD •

cb
00

0

t^coot^-rj<a>vo©cDi^

(M iC t^ ■— 1 I— ■* ■>! irl (M Tti

i-l.-lTj<Or-(C^C-1r-fr--

CO

CO
CO

"1-
co

CO

O

m
o
o

3

to

■3 . tB . '5

W : 1 :=:::: :

"2 ^ 2
§ rt 9

is|^||||||

be
S
<

0

s

"o

c

tc

_^ : : : ^ : : : : : :

■3 . 33 .'T3 CD

K ■ ^ '■ S ■'■'■■ '■ B

'2 0 'i s

§ rt 9 "^

03 £ ^

^e!^3_csooooo
,2 Sffl9 !>..-S .t^ .t^ .ti .-s
cc 0 ^ pq c^ 0 P fi fi Q
i--coc)^oo5oc»coooao

^ 0 ^ pq '^ P n S P R

126

o
o

■A
£-1

<

a

o

<
p

.,

. -I*

-Itfl

"O i-i

O C5 CO

f^A cj fl).i3

. CO ! r

Pl'^l

to 1 !

1 l-^

o o o

-d '^^ «

=§8131

=^ 1 1 !

^^^ ^

<« ^ o

o

^- CO o o
X >~^ t^ '1

■^ c~. --^ a

l§"^

>^ 1— 1 ic CO

OJ .-1 o o

^ -^^^ -

c; o ■M t^

oi o >r: -o

1- I- CO -o

HO

•— '

=lj (M -t< Ol

r-l .C-1 rt rt

ko ad

^ 1-1 rM 'C

ift >- oi -o
O O t^ 1-

.&

^

ij O -H r-(

o o o o

op s-TS

^ O O CO

-t< l~ O —1

~.

° o -^ ? "S S a>

■"*

•^

-S 3~" i-? n-^

^ ,^ ^1 ^

l^ -.O ^ C5

s

5|i-^|o5

ij -H -M -1

^ ^ rt o

^

•jiuj:jg

.-1 O O
O O CO

o CO -i< <»
Ci lo i^ CO

ti

3)

1— 1 CO f-l

'-'

^

n

CO 00 -t<

>

vC CJJ O t-

S

t- 30 >0

r-H t-- ^ CO

t^ CO <M

C^ rH --H to

W 5'

C5

'"'

^2 o

3

'~0 "O 1^

• O CI -^ -tl

d ^

§

2,

CO I-I -o

CO r-l CD Ol

f-H

1

--H (M p-H

» =^

'o

.-1 C^ 04

e

t s_

rHl^

^

?; £

' o

r^

W rC;

o

!^

>0 tv3 -o

C2 c .r^ o

H S

p

.«

CO OS r-H

r-H O rt 00

c-i CO M

r"^ '^

1-^ .

p.

H

o-

<u

O rs> -M

CO Ci rt -+I

<u

-*< CO CO

o ^ t^ CO

.S'S

g

oo t^ -f^

c-. '^ x CO

-o

cc /

—1 ,-1

y

6 it

^ O to

^:|N

o2

r'EHiM

^ -# ^

"-I CO CO 0-1 --I

;^

o

S^s

.— ( •>! rt

s'-2?;2::

2

o
o

°^33

^

.^

i-s-.-

o

3 ^M"

Mil

■i =^

o CO o

1 1 1 1

w

o«"

•-I Ol

III!

>> -.a

bo

■r mow

-*< CO CO

HI"-tH -+ Ci C5

CO CO CO

•5

mw-^

rt CO rt

CO 1— 1 CI T— ( .-I

-*| -* ci

-f -* O OD

-t< CO 1--

^ CO CO

_, : g : :

2 g fl .a ;

j^ <r> «j --C

-t^ 3 '-I -3 ?

|W|1

X kS ci 3 O

«:■ Qp:;

^ 'C Ol l~

■£981 's»u(i^o)iJt^

IT 0^ -89

gX 'si}t«/iio>/oijj[ \

'0<'8 1 '>'i)u<l3m[0]j\[

■pinoj

r»npu3 funoo

-on ,.f.(;

/.'/* Ui

3f.(1llJ

IKO.tJ -JU

S^.OJ

s/? 9m tuo.ij 1

. »

^

r: "^

?•£§$■&

Loss
100
Incr
Li
Wei

ij o

■3 >-( rM

Profit
1001
Incre
Li%
Weig

=^ ^ o

"o m S -^

■a r>, ■— 1 o

0)^ 3 y-H

Vah

100

Incr

Li

Wei

m ■— ' C2 Tf<

=t{ M >o ^

-d j!!r= ;2'

CS 4^

»-H

o o

^ CO C3 CI

HO

■^ CI -+I -*

■" S M S •" S

-a ^'^'^ ;*"

Cos

prodi

100

Incr

Li

Weig

Roots

=li —1 CI CI

Cost of
oducing
100 lbs.
n crease
Live
eight in
ake and
Corn.

^ .1?=^ 2

a " ^O

ly rM CI CI

.a

•Ai'Bj:jg

CO t- vo
1— 1 ^ CO

'3

■-H .-H CO

^

K

1^ lO o

a)

O

-t< o ^

I^ O .-H

u

3

o

■o

CI CO 00

2

o

t^ lO CI

o

bo

CO CO CI

s

a

1— 1 CJ CO

M

OQ

^

. CO

8

IC ^ C5

E

1- o -t<

o

a
_o

H

»

CI .— 1 o

CO CI 1-

^

CO CI >o

p

w /*

^ r^

0)

,a

•pi 'St 113=
'noj, jad

i^ CO -f

CI CI r-l

a

a

'a5[i30iio

■-I CI CI

-/^'•qsua

CI CO CO

q

•■^/8 '•stiff

Tfl O ^

*9inM

^

■!S/8 "sna

o

'^■BaiiM.

I-I CI 1

3[ona

•ig/g '-sng

CO d l~

1

's;t!0

r-( CI -t<

•oi/c

Ci i-~ o

'•qsng

•-H iC O

'.iaX-ieg

•-< CI rt

-lu<i 'ttox

— t— f-(

<J

'^«H

— 1 CO >c

rw . . .

C . ; :

CS

05

8=2 ^^

'^'W^^

CO ci CO

•0981 's»"V''

"i^}Ji[ Of

'(fO

SI '**

wpui

Jlj\r ti(o.{,i

o ©

r4

127

ADDENDA TO CEREAL CKOPS.
No. 1. — Area uxder Cultivation.

Wheat.

Barley.

Oats.

Dredg

e.

Rye

Beans.

Peas.

Total.

13 Years'— 1850

a.

r.

P-

a. r. p.

a.

r.

!'•

a. r.

r-

a.

r.

!'■

a.

r.

!'•

a.

r. p.

a. r. p.

to 1863 —

avcTiigo ...

2o

2

1

27 0 22

24

0

27

0

2

18

0

0

22

82 2 10

1864

29

2

0

35 0 0

30

0

0

1

4

1

0

98 3 0

186.)

28

3

0

19 2 0

25

0

0

3

2

0

20

3

20

97 2 20

1866

22

2

0

28 0 0

12

0

0

15 0

0 3

3

0

19

3

20

101 0 20

1867

26

0

0

28 1 30

9

0

0

16 0

0 1

0

0

19

0

0

99 1 30

1868

22

0

0

30 0 0

8

0

0

16 0

^1

20

0

0

96 0 0

1869

24

2

0

30 0 0

10

0

0

14 2

«

23

3

0

1

0 0

103 3 0

1870

20

3

0

29 3 0

32 0

0

16

1

0

4

1 0

103 3 0

No. 2. — Quantity of Ctkain ter Acre.

Wheat.

Barley.

Oats.

Dredge.

Rye.

Beans.

Peas.

Total.

13 Years'— 1850
"to 1863 —

Bush.

Gal.

Pks.

Bush.

Gal.

Pks.

Busb.

Gal.

Pks.

Bush.

Gal.

Pks.

Bush.

Gal.

Pks.

Bush.

Gal.

Pks.

Bush.

Gal.

Pks.

Bush.

Gal.

Pks

average . . .

32 3 0

49 1 0

58 3 0

63 6 0

35 7 0

1864

37 3 0

60 3 0

63 3 0

40 0 0

—

1865

23 2 0

38 3 0

48 2 0

40 0 0

30 1 0

.

1866

28 0 0

42 7 0

57 3 0

100 0 0

29 0 0

48 0 0

1867

28 0 0

46 4 0

57 1 0

67 0 0

28 0 0

38 0 0

1868

44 0 0

48 0 0

92 1 0

86 0 0

34 0 0

1869

33 1 0

49 6 0

64 3 0

32 0 0

48 0 0

60 0 0

1870

35 0 0

40 1 0

50 6 0

29 4 0

46 0 0

—

112 1 0

137 7 0

156 4 0

168 6 0

111 4 0

106 0 0

—

37 3 0

45 7 0

78 2 0

56 2 0

37 1 0

53 0 0

—

No. 3. — Quantity of Straw per Acre.

Wheat.

Barley.

Oats.

Dredge.

Rye.

Beans.

Peas.

Total.

13 Years'— 1850
'to 1863 —
avei'age . . .

§ t £
HOC?

1 16 2|

lis

H O O"
1 6 1

S -2 •
§ t S
HOC?

1 11 3f-

Tons.
: Cwts.
Qrs.

o > ^
H O O"

2 0 0

i 1 52

H o a-
1 13 1.^

Tons.
; Cwts.
Qrs

Tons.
: Cwts.
Qrs.

128

ADDENDA TO CEEEAL CROPS.

PlUCE KEALISEI) PEK BlSHEL.

"Wheat.

Barley.

Oats.

Dredge.

Eye.

Beans.

Peas.

Gross Return
per Acre.

Average of 1 3 years,

£ s. (1.

1850-1863

6/5i

4/41

mk

4/4

4/lU

10 1 9

1864

5/-

3/9

3/3

6/-

10 9 3

1865

6/--

4/6

3/-

4/6

5/-

9 5 6

1866

7/6

5/6

3/3

3/6

4/6

6/6

12 12 2-]

1867

y/-

4/9

3/3

3/7i

5/3

6/3

11 11 IIJ

1868

V-

5/6

3/3

4/-

6/41

14 0 6.L

1869

6/-

5/U-

3/-

3/3

5/6

5/-

10 3 4

1870

6/6

5/-

3/9

5/6

5/^

9 17 2

Weight per Bi.shel.

Wlieat.

Barley,

Oats.

Dredge.

Eye.

Beans.

Peas.

Gross Retui'n
per Acre.

lbs.

lbs.

lbs.

lbs.

lbs.

lbs.

Ib8.

Average of 13 vears,

1850-1863

eivn

49t%

39tV

—

60

64

_.

1864

631

531

381

651

1865

62

50

32

.

65

1866

63

—

—

1867

63

50

37

42

57

63

_

1868

—

—

.

.

1869

—

—

—

.

1870

—

—

—

— ■

—

—

—

129

o

Pi
o

p^

Pi
o
W

P

o
o

S =

-iM

H-*

r3 35 w5 O CC O cc

05

o

ai o-i vo 1 1 '-■; 1 1 -* 1 1 O I—

^

CD

«rtC5 O O ■* (MO

(35
(M

-in -iri

-O O O l^ ^ O CO

•-0

§

XCOO| 1 |«>| t^l |oi—

iC

•^ O O O -* <M O

CO
CO

Ht -I^'

-^•t

-lOOC-l o o» oco

c»

s

•/ r: o u-5 1 o 1 1 •* o 1 o i^

'O

t4< O O O O O -M (MO

^

'"'

CO

H?)

-IM

rc^oco o oo oco

CO

^

M CO -O 1 1 O 1 1 C! CO 1 o t^

o

00

trtO O O uT — 1 iM O

(M

'"'

CO

-4M

n3r-<0 0 CO O OO OCO

r~

•-I

i

y CO »tr Tf 1 CO 1 o CO --< 1 o t^

<M

CO

trtOOO O CO ifj'^ IMO

o

CO

nw -*i

HM

raooo o o-*< oco

OO

s

oj-coiocol |<^^| oo»o]ot—

^

t— (

•-<^ O O O O O ^ (MO

!M

CO

-w

KW

rjOCO-f OO CO oco

^

3

„• CO >o CO 1 ! •* CO >c 1 1 o t~-

CO

00

tfl O O O O >C It; <M O

(M

-pl-l^l "»'

-Iff)

-dococs oo_^^oo OO

CO

fe

'-2

^C<|vracO 1 ItjhO^OO ot-

t^

cc

' rt ^^ rt ' ^

'"'

o

trt o o o © t^ ao O C^l o

CO

(M

1 . Htn-fM -IM -1"

•-W

. ^m

l-d^-IOOO^OcM Tt<vocCOO

»— (

•-I

kC0«J-*C0tJ<tJ<O ot^ooo

03

i-H r-l 1-1

■"•

trtOOOOOOt^ >0.-c05(MO

00

'"'

<M

0

c

<

?H

O

o

fi

u

I ' ' ' '. ' '. I '. '. ^

o

o

§- — ''£ : : : : p.

pq PE- :::;:: =-3

o

c p: :s G PL, £ p:; WOmH^

Q

Oi

io
ci

3

<1

130

PAKTICULAES OF THE DISTKIBI'TION OF MANUAL LABOUR ON THE
FARM FIVE YEARS ENDING MICHAELMAS, 1865.

Acres Growu.

Expense.

Total per Annum.

Total of 5 years.

Average per
Annum.

Average per
Acre.

a.

r. p.

£

B.

d.

£• ^. d.

£ a. d.

Wheat

22

1 26

/

48 13 0

2 3 5

Biirley

Oats

21
17

2 18
2 18

> 577

17

6 }

31 19 6
30 18 5i

1 9 7i
1 15 li

Ecans

1

1 0

)

(

4 0 6|

3 4 5

Vetches ...

20

2 14

\

/

11 11 10^

0 11 3i

Clover

Ley

32

5

2 32 1
0 6/

13 15 OJ

0 8 5

Sainfoin ...

10

0 16

2 13 U

0 5 ^

Rye

16

3 33

3 5 2l

0 3 lOA

Italian Rye Grass
Lucerne ...

0
2

1 24
0 0

.702

0

2^

0 6 lOi
2 13 2i

0 17 O"

1 6 7

Cabbage

1

2 8

3 8 3"

2 4 li

Turnips ...

49

1 35

40 15 li

0 16 6

Swedes ...

13

3 38

29 12 lU

2 2 6

jVIangold Wurzol

10

3 7

30 13 3"

2 16 10

Potatoes

0

0 3G

/

1 13 0

7 6 8

Cattle, Attendance on ...

140

18

4

28 3 8

Sheep, ditto

421

13

4

84 6 8

Pigs, ditto

78

12

1

14 14 5

Poultry, ditto

17

2

11

3 8 7

^Manure, Mixing of

41

5

5

8 5 1

1,979

9

10

395 17 lU

131

PARTICULARS OF HORSE LABOUR FOR THE FIVE .YEARS ENDING
SEPTE3IBER, 1855.

De

Homo Farm
Paik and DemeMic
(Tame ...

Pairy ...
E.state

Total

Number of
working
lays per annum
. l,827i
. ! 536i

. 1 98

.. 1 38i
.. ( 152i

2,662

AVERAGE OF HORSE LABOUR EMPLOYED ON CROPS AND STOCK.

Average acreage

Total number of

days for one

horse per ann.

on each croiJ.

Number of days

Crojjs.

per aim. of each
crop grown.

for one horse
per acre per ann.

a. r. p.

Days.

Days.

Wheat

22 1 26

192-45

8-68

Barley

21 2 18

171-93

7-96

Oats

17 2 18

132-19

7-66

Beans

1 1 0

11-23

8-96

Vetches

20 2 H

137-39

6-67

Clover

.32 2 32 )

25-16

0-76

Ley

5 0 6 i|

Sainfoin

10 0 16

4-81

0-47

Rye

16 3 33

46-25

2-72

Italian Rye Grass

0 1 24

1-04

2-60

Lucerne

2 0 0

24-27

12-13

Cabbage

1 2 8

18-31

11-81

Rape and Turnips

49 1 35

383-13

7-74

Swedes

13 3 38

224-45

16-06

JIangold AViuztl

10 3 7

194-57

18-03

Potatoes

0 0 36

2-82

12-80

Stock.

Cattle

46-24

—

Sheep

104-12

—

Pigs

3514

—

Manure (mixing, &c.)

65-90

—

1821-40

Omitted in 18.50

5-85

Total days per annum

1827-25

132

KEY TO CALCULATIONS SHOWING DETAILS OF ESTIMATED
GAME DAMAGES.

£50 per annum divided, viz. : — i Cereals, and f Hay, Root, and Green Crops.

£

s.

d.

of £50

—

22

4

51

5

9

of £50

=

27

15

6^

£50 0 0

AVTieat = 26 ff of 22 4

Barley i= 26 ff of 22 4

Oats =: 25 ff of 22 4

Beans = 10 Jf of 22 4

87

£ s. d.

= 6 12

9+

= 6 12

n

= 67

n

= 2 11

Oi

£22 4 3J

18i at 7s. 0^d.=z£G 9 10^

28|at4s. 7id. = £6 12 4^

39 at 3s. 3Jd.z=£6 7 6^

9 at 5s. 6id. = £2 9 lOh

£21 19
or 4s. 1 Ud. per acre.

Mutton

Beef

Swine

Poultry

Wool

Wheat. — If 7s. O^d. give 1 bushel, what will £6 12s. 9^d.

give = 18^ or nearly | bushel per acre.
Barley. — If 4s. 74d. give 1 bushel, how many will

£6 r2s. 9|d. give = 28f bush., or nearly l^bush. per acre.
Oats. — If 3s. 3|d. give 1 bushel, how many bushels will

£6 7s. 75d. give = 39, or nearly H per aero.
Be.^ns.— If 5s. 6id. give 1 bushel, what will £2 lis. O^d.

give = 9, or nearly ^ bushel per acre.

)^"i< "35094

8 •2Q.'? 8293

(>,^'''> 3T094

')"'■'" 35094

589 i _58-?J_

"""'S 35091

1 419-^- i-AXPjSi of 27 15

^(^^"'lO 35094 " '

£ s.

d. £

3.

d.

of 27 15

6| = 13

11

H

of 27 15

6| = 6

11

H

of 27 15

6? = 6

1

H

of 27 15

6§ = 0

9

3f

of 27 15

64 = 1

2

•H

3o,094i^

£27 15 6

These residts respectively show the loss occasioned by Game in the pioluctiun of
Meat, the £27 15s. 6d. being 5s. Oid. per acre.

Cass ;ll & Compaky, Limited, Bflle Sauvage Works, London, E.G.

THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE
STAMPED BELOW

AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS

WILL BE ASSESSED FOR FAILURE TO RETURN
THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY
WILL INCREASE TO SO CENTS ON THE FOURTH
DAY AND TO $1.00 ON THE SEVENTH DAY
OVERDUE.

NOV 19 104^

JAitf BmA[

tNTFPt fRPARY

LOAN

APR 2 9 18/7

INiV. OF CALIF

t, BERiSj

LD 21-100m-7,'40 (6936s)

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY

.?^

\S<

S^SN

xV ^^ ^ X

^\^'x\ X-\x 0

X \X*^>