COLLECTION
OF

William Schaus

©

PRESENTED
TO THE

National Museum

MCMV

SCIENTIFIC RESULTS

THE SECOND YARKAND MISSION;

BASED UPON THE COLLECTIONS AND NOTES

OF THE LATE

FERDINAND STOLICZKA, Ph.D.

LEPIDOPTEPvA,

BY

FREDERIC MOORE, F.Z.S., etc.,

ASSISTANT OUBATOB, INDIAN IIUSEUM, LONBOtT.

^ublishcb bij orbcr of the ©obcrnmcut cf Iubi;r.

CALCUTTA:

OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OP GOVERNMENT PRINTING

1879.

SCIENTIFIC RESULTS

THE SECOND YARKAND MISSION:

BASED UPON THE COLLECTIONS AND NOTES

OF THE LATE

FERDINAND STOLICZKA, Ph.D.

LEPIDOPTERA,

FEEDEEIC MOORE, E.Z.S., etc.

ASSISTANT CURATOR, INDrAN MUSEUM, LONDON.

Publishcb bij oibcr of the Cobcrnmcnt nf Inbiit.

CALCUTTA:

OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF GOVERNMENT PRINTING.

1879.

CALCUTTA :

FEINTED lit EHB SUKntilNTENDENT OF GOVEENMENT TBINTING,

S, IlASTIXOa STEEET.

SCIENTIFIC RESULTS

THE SECOND YARKAND MISSION

LEPIDOPTERA.

By FREDEEIC MOORE, F.Z.S., etc., Assistant Curator, India Museum, London.

Tribe-PAPILIONES.

Ya.xn\\y—NrMPHA LID^.

Sub-Family— S^ TYRINJE.

1. HiPPARCHIA LEHANA. Plate I, fig. 4, $ .

Hipparchia lehana, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 227.

Allied to IS., baldiva, Moore, from Upper Kunawur, the upperside being paler in colour,
the discal transverse ochreous band broader on both wings, and its inner border, in the male,
inwardly oblique. Both sexes above and beneath arc wdthout the small ocellus on the disc^il
band above the anal angle. The underside is also veiy much paler, and the transverse sinuous
lines wider apart.

Expanse <? 2, ? 2J inches.

Habitat.— heh. (September 6th, 1873), Kharbu, 13,000 feet, both in Ladak.

2. Hipparchia cadesia.

Hipparchia cadesia, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. IS?!, p. 565, pi. 66, fig. 7.
Hab. — Leh, September 8th.

3. Epinephile cheena.
Epinephile cheena, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 501, pi. 30, fig. 6.

Hab. — Gagangliir, Kashmir.

SECOND YAEKAND MISSION.

1'. AULOCEKA SWAHA.

Sati/rus swaha, Kollar, Ilugel's Kaschmir, iv, p. 44. i, tab. 14, figs. 1, 2 (1844).

Satyrui brahminus (part), Blanch., Jacq. Voy. dans I'lnde, iv, Ins. p. 22, t. 2, figs. 5, C, $ .

Hah. — Gaganghir, Kashmir.

5. AULOCERA BRAHMINA.

Satyrus Irahminus, Blanchard, Jacq. Voy. dans I'lude, iv, Ins. p. 22, t. 2, fig. 4 (18t4), $ .
Aiilocera wcranga, Lang, Ent. Monthly Mag. iv, p. 247 (1808).

^«6.— Mataian, Dras Valley, 11,200 feet.

S xx\^.i2.mA^—NYMFRAUNM.
6. Vanessa ladakensis. Plate I, fig. 2.

Tariessa ladakensis, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 227.

Nearest allied to V. rizanct, Moore, from Cheeni, but is somewhat smaller, less angled
below the apex of fore wing and at middle of the hind wing ; the blaek markings on the upper-
side are much less prominent, the black obhque bands on forewing merging into the red and
thus appearing somewhat confluent ; the outer transverse discal yellow band on fore wing is
also broader ; other markings similar. On the underside the interspaces between the markings
on fore wing are very much paler.

Expanse If inch.

^ab. — Gogra, Changchenmo, 15,000 feet, October 1873 ; Karatagh Lake, on snow,
midday temperature 33°, October 11th, 1873.

7. Pyrameis cardtji.

ri/ramels cardui, Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 276 (1761).— Espcr, Schmctt. i, t. 10, fig. 3.— Eversmann, Ent.
Imp. Ross. V, p. 107, t. 12, figs. 1, 2.— Erschoff, Lep. Turkestan, p. 15.

£a6.— Karghalik, November 11th, seen also south of Sunju and at Sanju, all in Eastern
Turkestan.

8. Argtnnis jainadeva.

Argynnisjainadeva, Moore, Ent. Monthly Mag. i, p. 131 (1864) ; Proc. Zoo). Soc. 1865, p. 495, pi. 30,
fig. 1.

Jlab. — Lch, September Gth.

LEPIDOPTERA. 3

YamWy—FAPILIONID^.

^\ih-i:mi\ly—PIEBINJE.

Genus Baltia, Moore.

Bdltia, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 228.

Fore wing very short ; costa considerably arched from the; base, apex and posterior angle
rounded, exterior margin oblique, costal vein short, subcostal vein arched to end of the cell,
six-branched, first and second branches arising at equal distances apart before the end of the
cell and terminating on the costa before the apex, thu'd branch bent near its base, middle, and
immediately before its termination before the apex, the fourth, fifth, and sixth branches start-
ing below from each of these angles, the fourth branch being very short ; cell broad ; dis-
cocellulars of nearly equal length, bent inwards ; median vein three-branched, branches at equal
distances apart ; submedian vein cm-ved : hind wing long, somewhat oval, slightly broader than
fore wing, apex and exterior margin very convex, abdominal margin long ; costal vein short ;
subcostal three- branched ; cell broad ; discocellulars oblique, upper the shortest ; median vein
three-branched ; submedian nearly straight. Body small, abdomen short, thorax and front of
head clothed with long lax bans. Palpi very long, slender, densely hairy beneath. Legs short,
femora fringed beneath with long lax hairs. Antennae short, club large and spatulate.

Type. Baltia shaioii (Mesapla shawll), Bates, in Henderson and Hume's Lahore to
Tarkand, p. 305 (1873).

9. Baltia shawii. Plate I, fig. 5, ^ .

Mesapia shaioii, Bates, Henderson and Hume's Lahore to Yarkand, p. 305, $, 1873.
Baltia shawii, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 228.

Male. Upperside wliite ; base of both wings densely black-speckled : fore wing with
the costal edge ochreous and slightly black-speckled ; a large black triangular oblique spot
at end of the cell ; a short discal transverse subapical black band, and a marginal row of
black decreasing ti'iangular spots : hiad wing minutely and sparsely speckled with dark grey ;
a slight black streak at end of the cell, the speckles dense across the disc, and there forming:
a cui'ved sinuous indistinct band. Body black. Palpi ochreous above and fringed \A\h black
beneath. Underside : fore wing with markings as above ; costa and exterior margin tinged
with ochreous : hind wing black-speckled, the speckles thickly disposed at the base, and also
forming a narrow curved discal band ; a slight black streak at end of the cell. Antenna^
black, stem black-ringed. Abdomen beneath yellow. Legs black above, white beneath.

Female differs above in having the markings less prominently black, and the subapical
band on fore wing continued aci'oss the wing on both upper and underside.

Expanse 1/^ inch.

Rah. — Aktagh, north of the Karakoram Pass (15,590 feet), June 14th, 1874).

The male insect only was captured by Dr. StoUczka ; the female was taken on the Chang
Lung Pass (18,000 feet) by Mr. R. B. Shaw diu'ing the expedition of 1870.

SECOND YAEKAND MISSION.

10. StNCHLOE BRASSIC.'E.

Pieris dnissica!,'L'inn.,F:i\m. Suec. p. 269 (17C1) ; Syst. Nat. i, p. 759.— Esper, Schmett. i, t. 3,

fig. 1. — ErscliofT, Lep. Turkestan, p. 4.
Pieris nipalensis, Gray, Lep. Ins. Nepal, pi. 6, fig. 1 (1846).

Uab. — Leh, September Glh.

11. Synchloe uap^.

Pieris rapa:, Linn., Faun. Suec. p. 270 (1761) ; Syst. Nat. i, p. 759.— Esper, Schmett. i, pi. 3,
fig. 2. — Erschoff, Lep. Turkestan, p. 5.

;g;ab. — Yangihissar, April, AktaUa, May 17th, both in Eastern Turkestan.

12. Synchloe daplidice.

Pieris daplulice, Unn., Syst. Nat. i, p. 760 (1767); Esper, Schmett. i, figs. 414, 415.— Erschoff,
Lep. Turkestan, p. 5.

Hab. — Gond and Sonamarg, both in Kashmir.

13. Synchloe chloridice.

Pieris c/iloriclice,EnhneT,EuT. Schmett. i, figs. 712, 713 (1S03-1818).— Esper, Schmett. i, pi. 90,
fig. 1.

^«5.— Sarikol, May 2nd and 8th.

14. COLIAS HYALE.

Colias hyale, Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 272 (1761) ; Syst. Nat. I, p. 764.— Esper, Schmett. I, pi. 4, fig. 2.

Kab. — Gaganghir, Kashnair ; Sanju, October 30th ; Sarikol, May 2nd ; Yangihissar, April.

15. COLIAS FIELDII.

Colias fieWi, Menetries, Catal. Lep. Mus. Petrop. i, p. 79, t. 1, fig. 5 (1855). — Gray, Lep. Ins. of
Nepal, pi. 5, fig. 2.

Mob. — Sonamarg, Kashmir, August 10th.

IG. COLIAS STOLICZKANA. Plate I, fig. 1.

Ck)ltas stoliczkana, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 229.

3Iale. Uppcrside pale chrome-yellow, base of costal and al)dominal borders greenish-
yellow ; base of wings speckled with blackish-brown ; both wings with a broad yellowish-

LEHDOPTEEA. 5

brown marginal band ; a ligbt narrow dusky-brown lunular streak at end of the cell in the
fore wing. Underside : fore wing pale yellow ; costal border and outer margin greenish-
yellow ; a dusky black-speclded lunular spot at end of the cell, and discal row of indistinct
speclvled spots : hind wing greenish-yellow, with darker green speckles ; an ochrcous-brown
patch at end of ceU, enclosing a white triangular mark and small spot ; a discal series of
dusky-brOT\Ti dentate spots. Antennae and legs reddish.

Expanse If inch.

jff«6.— North of Changla (17,000 feet), Ladak.

Differs from C. eogene, Feld. (Novara Eeise, Lep. t. 27, fig. 7), in being smaller, and in
having the wings, including the cilia, pale chrome-yellow instead of oi*ange-yellow ; the dis-
cocellular mark is less prominent and lunular, not oval ; the broad marginal band is of a mucli
yellower colour. On the underside, the discoceUularmark on the fore wing is also lunular and
is not pale-centred.

Sub-Family— P^ PILIOXIN^.

17. Parnassius CHAKiTONiiTS. Plate I, fig. 3, ? .

p. charltoniiis, Gray, Catal. Lep. Ins. Brit. Mus. i, p. 77, pi. 1:2, fig, 7, $ , (185-2).

B«6.— Kharbu (13,000 feetj, Ladak.

IS. PaeNASSIUS JACQTIEMONTn.

P.jacquemoiifiij'Boisi., Spec. Gen. Lep. i, p. 400 (1836). — Blaneliard, Jacq. Voy. dans riude, iv,
Ins. p. 16, t. 1, figs. 3, 4.— Graj-, Catal. Lep. Ins. Brit. Mus. i, pi. 12, figs. 1, Z.

Sab.^l^ovth of Changla (17,000 feet), Ladak.

Sub-Family— i TCCEXiy^.
19. POLTOMMATIJS KASHGHARENSIS. Plate 1, fig. 7.

Po/yommatus hashgliarensis, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 230.

Male. Upperside pale blue, with nan-ow black exterior-marginal line ; costal edge white.
Cilia white, with dark inner border. Underside slightly pearly-grey, base of wings pale
metallic green : fore wing with a white-bordered black spot in middle of the cell, and a
cmwed discal series of five spots ; a very indistinct spot at end of the cell, and a less distinct
marginal scries of spots : kind wing with three sub-basal and a cmwed discal series of six
small white-circled black spots ; an indistinct spot at end of the cell, and marginal row of
spots with slightly ochreous iuterspaced upper dentated line.

Expanse If inch.

£"«6.— Yangihissar, Eastern Tiu'kestan, April 187i.

Allied to P. semiargus.

B

6 SECOND YARKAND MISSION.

20. P0LT0MMATT7S LEHANUS. Plate I, fig. 6.
Poli/ommaUis leJianus, Moore, Aun. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1S78, p. 230.

Male. Uppersidc violet-blue, somewhat brownish-blue at tlie margins. Cilia wliite.
Underside leaden grey, palest at the apex and on hind wing : fore wing with a white-bordered
black spot at end of the ceU and a transverse discal oblique series of five spots : hind wing
with a large triangular greyish-white spot at end of the cell, and a series of eight small
round spots recurving from near base of costa across the disc to anal angle.

Expanse -^-^ inch.

Hah.—UAx, 8th September 1873.

ALicd to P. pheretes.

21. POLYOMMATUS YARKANDENSIS. Plate I, fig. 8.
Poyotmnatus yarkantlensis , Moore, Aun. and Mag. Nat. Ilist. 187S, p. 22'J.

Allied to P. icarius. Upperside dark blue, anterior and exterior borders dusky-brown :
an indistinct streak at end of the cell on fore wing : hind wing with a marginal row of indis-
tinct ochreous-bordered black spots. Cilia cinereous -white. Underside ochreous grey ;
fore wing with a white-circled black spot in middle of the cell, another below it, one at end of
the cell, and a curved discal series of seven spots ; a marginal row of inchstinct spots
liordcred above by a dentated line with pale ochreous interspaces : hind wing with three
white-cii'cled black subbasal spots and a curved discal series of seven spots ; a marginal row
of prominent spots, bordered above by ochreous-intcrspaced dentated line.

Expanse If inch.

IfrtS.— YArkand, 23rd May 1873.

22. POLYOMMATTJS ARIANA.

Poli/ommatns ariana, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 18C5, p. 504, pi. 31, fig. 2.

ZTfti.— Mataian, Dras valley (11,200 feet), Leh, September 6th and 8th.

23. POLYOMMATTJS GALATHEA.
Poli/ommaUis galalhea, Blaucbard, Jacq. Voy. dans I'lnde, iv, las. p. 21, pi. 1, figs. 5, 6, $ , (1844).
Ilab. — Sonamarg, Kashmir, 10th August.

2Jj. DiPSAS ODATA.
Bipsas odafa, Hewitsou, lllustr. D. Lep.p. GG,pl. 30, fig. 13-4. — Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 507.
Hab. — Gaganghir, Kashmir.

LEPIDOPTEKA. 7

Tribe— SPHINGES.

25. Leucophlebia. bicoloe.

LeueopMehia bicolor, Butlei", Proc. Zool. Soc. 1875, p. 10, pi. 2, fig. 5.

Sab. — Hatti, July 21st, Uri, July 23rd, both in Jhilam valley, on the road from Mun-ee
to Kashmir.

Tribe— BOMBYCES.

Family— ^.BCrZZi)^.

26. HtPEBCOMPA PEINCIPAIilS.

Euprepia principalis, Kollar, iu Hiigel's Kaschmii-, iv, p. 465, tab. 20, fig. 2 (1844).

Eah. — Gaganghir and Gond, in Kashmu-.

27. Arctia orientalis.
Arctia orienialis, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 230.

Similar to A. caja, but differs, above, on the fore wing, in the general form of the bands,
these being entire and transversely continuous, not broken longitudinally as ia -4. caja.
On the hind wing the spot at the end of the cell is absent ; this wing also has a yellowish-
white narrow marginal Une above, and brown cilia both above and beneath ; the dorsal black
band is on each segment and is moreover longer.

Expanse 2|- inches.

Sab. — Sonamarg, Kashmir, 8th August 1873.

This species has also been taken at Allahabad.

28. EuPROCTis KARGHALIKA. Plate I, fig. 18.

Euproctis kargJialika, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 231.

Male and female. Pore wing creamy- white, veins greyish- white ; a large brown-
speckled ochrey discocellular spot and submarginal row of sj)ots : hind wing white. Thorax
creamy-white ; abdomen of male golden-yellow, of female grey slightly ringed with black,
and tipped with large glossy golden-yellow tuft. Shaft of antenna? white, pectinations brown.
Underside glossy white, costa of fore wing in male broadly suffused \\\i\\ brown.

Expanse, $ ly\, ? l/o inch.

Sab. — Karghalik Eastern Turkestan, May 29th and 30th.

29. Euproctis lactea.

Euproctis lactea, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 231.

Uniform creamy-white, without markings. Abdomen tipped with pale yellow. Under-
side paler creamy- white ; costal border of fore wing ochi*eous-brown. Palpi oclu-eous-brown.
AntennEe pale oclireous-brown, shaft white. Fore tibiae with ochreous-brown tuft.

Expanse If inch.

.&«&.— Karghalik, May 29th, 1874.

8 SECOND TARKAND MISSION.

l^iimily—NOTOBONTIDJE.
30. Ptllophoea kashghara. Plate I, fig-. 19.

Ptilophora kashghara, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 231.

M(tle. Fore wing dai-k grey, irrorated with brown scales, crossed by three indistinctly
defined nan'ow zigzag brown bands, which are slightly dcntatcd on the veins. Cilia alter-
nately pale grey and brown : hind wing pale grey, sparsely sprinkled with broAvn scales.
Tliorax greyish-brown. Abdomen brown ; three anterior segments with dorsal row of blackish
tuborcidar scales ; tip also black. Antennae yellowish-testaceous. Underside grey, sparsely
brown-speckled ; long pubescence of abdomen brown and black. Legs pale brown.

Expanse l/o inch.

Rah. — Yangiliissar, Eastern Turkestan, March 3rd, 1874!.

31. OXICESTA MAEMOREA. Plate I, fig. 17.
Oxicesta marmorea, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 231.

Male. Upperside greyish-brown : fore wing with a pale yellowish uTcgular streak along
middle of cell to costa near apex, and a small spot beyond the cell, an indistinct pale streak
below the cell ; apical margin of costa and outer margin pale testaceous alternated with a
short black streak, which extends through the cilia : hind wing uniform pale greyish-brown,
slightly yellowish at base. Body and legs greyish-brown. Antenna; brown. Underside uni-
iovm greyish-brown ; cilia of fore wing with black streaks.

Expanse l^V inch.

^«6.— Sasak Taka, Eastern Tui-kestan, May 16th, 1874.

Difi'ers from 0. geograjohica in being longer in the wings, of a different colour, and
without the two transverse zigzag white bands on the fore wings.

Fami]y—SATUJiNni)yE.

32. Neoris shahidula.

Neoris shadtdla, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 577.

J/r/&.— Shahidula, Kucnlun (E,. B. Shaw, 1870).

A distmct species from that figured by Eclder (Nov. Reise, pi. 87, fig. 3), and named
Saturnia stoliczkai, from Ladak.

Tribe— NOCTUES.

Family— i? 0MB YCIJDyE.

33. ACRONTCTA KARGHALIKA. Plate I, fig. 9-

Acronycta kargaliJca, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 232.

Female. Fore wing pale silvery brownish-grey ; rcniform and orbicular marks whitish,
brown-bordered, and contiguous ; a longitudinal streak from the base, a contiguous trans-

LEPIDOPTERA. 9

verse subbasal recurved line, a cliscal transverse lunular line (crossed near posterior angle by a
short streak), some shoi't costal marks, and a streak on cilia between each vein, brown : hind
wing glossy greyisli- white, outer borders and veins pale greyish-brown. Thorax and abdomen
dark grey. Antennse gi'ey. Underside greyish-white : fore wing Avith greyish-brown costal
streaks and hinder margin : hind wing with brown basal costal streak and discocellular spot.
Palpi brown at sides. Legs grey, femur tipped, tibia longitudinally streaked, and tarsi banded
with black.

Expanse l-j'y inch.

jH"a&.— KarghaUk, May 29th, 1874.

Nearest alUed to ^. trldens, but differs in being darker; the markings are somewhat
similar, but the basal longitudinal streak is shorter, which gives a -wider interspace between
the two transverse lines.

Family— ^PJJ//2?y2?.
3i. Hydr^cia tibetana. Plate I, fig 21.

Hi/dracia tibetana, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 232,

Hale. Pore wing pale reddish-testaceous, crossed by two pale brown narrow lines with pale
inner border, the first line subbasal and outwardly oblique, the other diseal ; a submarginal
row of blackish dots and pale marginal line ; orbicular and reniform marks indistinctly defined
by a brown border : hind wing and abdomen paler. Underside palest on middle of wings,
diseal line on both wings and discocellular spot on hind wing slightly perceptible. Antennte,
palpi, and fore legs reddish-testaceous.

Expanse If'j- inch.

Rab. — Leh, September 1st, 1873.

35. Mamestra canescens. Plate I, fig. 13.
Mamestra canescens, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 23-3.

Male. Fore wing brownish-grey : orbicular and reniform marks greyish-white with narrow
black border ; a short double black streak below the base of the cell, and a quadrate mark
below the orbicular spot ; an indistinct pale submarginal ii'rcgular fascia and black marginal
lunular line with whitish inner border : hind wing pale greyish-brown. Antennae brown.
Underside glossy pale greyish-brown, each wing with indistinct short transverse discocellular
streak.

Expanse 1| inch.

Hab. — Karghalik, Eastern Turkestan, May 30th, 1874,

36. Mamestra brassice.

Phal. Hoct. brassica, Linn., Syst. Nat. i, p. 516.

Hab. — Srinagar, Kashmir, August 9th.

10 SECOND YAEKAND MISSION.

Y&mWy—NOCTUIDJi:.
37. Agrotis segetttm.

Noctvn segetnm, Schiff., W. V. p. 252 (1776).— Eversm., Fauna Volgo-Ural, p. 196.
Agrutis segetnm, Stcph., Haust. ii, p. 115. — Ei-jcliofF, Lop. Turkestau, p. 41.

Rah. — Tanksc, Ladak ; Karghalik, Eastern Turkestan, May 29th.

38. Agrotis aqtjilina.

NodnaaquiUnii, SchifT., W. V. p. 80 (1776).
Urti.— Tankse, 13,000 feet, Leli, August 20th, September 8th.

39. Ageotis tibetana. Plate I, fig. 16.

Agrotis iihelana, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1S78, p. 233.

Upperside : fore wing greyish-brown, with indistinct dusky transverse subbasal double
sinuous line, discal dentate Hues, and pale outer-bordered wavy narrow submarginal band,
speckled orbicular spot, and quadrate reniform mark. Cilia with narrow white marginal line :
hind wing brownish-white, veins and outer margin brown ; cilia white. Antennae and body
greyish-brown, tip of abdomen yellowish.

Underside : fore wing greyish- white, dusky -brown basaUy along the costa and hind margin,
speckled on outer margin : hind wing whitish, an indistinct dusky spot at end of the cell, a
spot medially on each vein, and narrow lunvilar marginal Une. Legs greyish-brown, femora
and tibiae streaked, and tarsi banded, with black.

Expanse If inch.

iZ"a6.— Leh (August 8th, 1873).

40. Spjelotis undulans. Plate I, fig. 10.
Spaloiis undulans, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 233.

Hale and female. Fore wing grey-brown, irrorated with darker scales, crossed by sub-
basal and ante and post-medial double pale-bordered undulated brown bands, each ending on
the costa in a darker sjiot ; a su1) marginal pale outer-bordered bro^Ti wavy fascia, and small
black marginal lunules : hind wing glossy greyish-white with brownish-tinged borders, broA\Ti
veins and lunular marginal Unc. Thorax grey-browTi, abdomen greyish-Avhite. Antennae and
palpi greyish-brown. Underside glossy greyish- white. Tibiae streaked, and tarsi banded, with
black.

Expanse 1-^*^ inch.

Ilab. — Ak Masjid, June 2nd, south-east of Chiklik, June 5th, 1871, both south of
Yarkaiid.

AUied to Spcclotis pyrophila.

LEPIDOPTEEA. U

Family— O/fW/O-S/ZJyJ^.
41. TiENIOCAMPA CHIKLIKA. Plate I, fig. 11.
Tcsniocampa ckiklika, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 234.

3Iale. Uppcrside grey : fore wing densely brown-speckled. Cilia with a brown-speckled
line ; orbicular and reniform spots pale ; an indistinct transverse subbasal sinuous pale-
bordered line : hind wing minutely brown-speckled, and with a pale brown cilialline. Under-
side paler ; both wings uniformly speckled, and with a very indistinct sinuous discal band.
Antennae blackish, shaft grey. Body, palpi, and legs brown-speckled.

Expanse If inch.

iTtti.— South-east of Chiklik, June 6th, 1874

Ya.ro:i\j—nADENID^.
42. Hadena stoliczkana. Plate I, fig. 12.

Hadena stoUczJcana, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 234.

Male. Fore wing pale greyish-brown, crossed by three indistinct narrow brown zigzag
double bands ; orbicular spot pale, reniform mark veiy indistinct ; two black spots below the
apex ; a double narrow marginal blackish luuular line ; some short streaks on the costa :
hind wing with the veins and a broad marginal band fuUginous-brown. CiHa white. Body
pale greyish-brown. Antennae brown. Underside greyish- white ; both wings crossed by
a distinct curved discal brown band : fore wing with a discocellular brown lunule, and
hind wing with a spot; a marginal lunular dotted line. Legs grey; tarsi banded with
black.

Expanse 1|- inch.

£^a5.— Kufelang (14,810 feet), June 6th, 1874.

Yi^mWY—EELIOTHIDJE.

43. Heliothis scutosa.

Heliolhis scutosa, Sehiff., Wien. Verz. p. 89 (1776).— Guen., Noet. ii, p. 182.

Mab. — Gaganghir, Kashmir.

44. Heliothis dipsacea.

Heliolhis dipsacea, Linn. S3-st, Nat. ii, p. 856 (1776). — Guen., Noet. ii, p. 181. — Eversm., Fauna
Volgo-Ural, p. 327.— Erschoff, Lep. Turkestan, p. 48.

^rti.— Posgdm, near Yarkand, in lucerne-fields. May 28th. Yangihissdr, April.

12 SECOND TAHKAND MISSION.

45. IlELiOTnis HTBLiEorDES, Plate I, fig. 20.
Heliothis Iii)hlo:oi.des, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 234.

Uppersicic : fore wing grey, minutely brown- speckled ; an indistinctly apparent brown
curved streak at end of the cell, and a submarginal pale zigzag line : hind wing brownish-
white, with a broad greyish-black medial transverse band (which is confluent with a curved
discocellular black streak) and a large black oval spot on middle of outer margin ; abdominal
border tinged -nith brown ; ciUa white. Body gi-ey, beneath whitish ; legs greyish-white,
brown-speckled.

Underside greyish-white : fore wing with a dusky-black transverse broad apical band
and an outwardly-oblique medial band : hind wing with a dusky-black dentate streak at end
of the cell, slight medial band, and oval marginal spot.

Expanse If inch.

Sal). — Chiklik, south of Yarkand, June 3rd, 1874.

Family— J CONTIIB^.

46. AgROPHILA SULPHUEAIilS.

Agrophila sulphuraUs, Bergstr., Ins. Suec. i, p. 16. — Guen., Noct., ii, p. 206.— Eversm., Fauna Volo-o-

Ural., p. 401.
Ph. trahealis, Scop., Ent. Carn. p. 40.
Agrophila trahealis, Erschoff, Lcp. Turkestan, p. 52.

JELab. — Yarkand.

47. ACONTIA LUCTUOSA.

Acontia luduusa, Sehiffi, Wien. Verz. p. 90 (1776). — Guen., Noct. ii, p. 223.— Eversm., Fauna Volgo-
Ural, p. 331. — ErschofF, Lep. Turkestan, p. 50.

Hah. — Yangihissar, April.

^a.m\\y—ERA8TBID^.
48. Bankia augentula.
BanJcia argentula, Hlibn., Beit., i, p. 9, t. 2, fig. F. (1786).
Hah. — Ak Masjid, south of Yarkand.

Tamily—CATOCALIBj^.
49. Catocala pudica, n. sp.

Allied to Cimerpera. Differs from Southern Em-opeau specimens in the fore wing being
prolonged at the apex and having its exterior margm more oblique ; this wing is also much
paler in colour, and has the two bands of the underside visible from above ; tlie ante-and

LEPIDOPTERA. . 13

postmcdial transverse sinuous lines and reniform mark arc very indistinct, and the maro-inal
row of black spots nearly obsolete ; on tlie bind Aving the inner black band is narrower" and
less irregularly angled in the middle.

Expanse 2| inches.

ilafi.— Pashkyum, Ladak, 10,870 feet.

This species is described from a specimen taken by the late Mr. P.. B. Shaw in 1870 and
now in my own collection. A single wing only of a specimen of what appears to be tliis
species, is preserved in the collection made by Dr. Stoliczka, haAang been taken at Saniu
30th October.

Family— 7'OJOC^MP/Z)^.

50. Apopestes phantasma.

Noctiia phaniasma, Eversm., Bull. jMosc. 1843, ji. 546..

Spintlierops pkantasma, Guen., Noct. ii, p. 422. — Erschoff, Lep. Turkestan, p. 58.

Hub. — Yarkand, 12th November.

Tribe— PYRALES.
Y&mily—BOTYDJ!!.
51. BOTTS FLAVALIS.

Ti/ralisflavalis, ScliiH., W. V. p. 121 (1776).

Eab.—Ak Masjid, south of Yarkand, Sarikol, 2nd May. Yangihissar, April. Poso-am,
in lucerne-fields, 28th May.

VvimWy—ENNYCEIDyE.

52. Pyrausta ctjprealis. Plate I, fig. 26.
Vijrmsta cuprealis, Mooro, Anu. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 235.

Upperside dark cupreous-brown : hind wing with a broad medial discal yoUow Ijand.
Underside paler, basal two-thirds of both wangs yellow, with brown-speckled subbasal
patch. Antenna3 black. Body beneath cupreous-black speckled with yellow. Palpi yellow
beneath. Legs yellow, with cupreous speckles.

Expanse % inch.

Rah. — Gagangbir (near Sonamarg), Kashmir.

Family— SCOP AJUDJU.

53. EuDOEEA GKANiTALis. Plate I, fig. 25.

Eudorea granitalis, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist, 187S, p. 235.

Upperside : fore wing pale l)rown, crossed by several irregular wavy grey-bordered black
lines ; cilia gi'cy, alternated with black : hind wing gi-eyish-white, traversed by niuncrous

14 SECOND YARKAND MISSION.

short bro-UTi strirc somewhat rogularly disposed l)etwccn the veins, the ^ring being suffused
with brown along exterior margin. Cilia grey, -with dusky line. Body grey, brown-speckled.
Palpi broAvn at apex, greyish at base. Legs grey, speckled with black. Underside as
above ; markings paler.

Expanse -j'V inch.

iZw^i.— South-east of Chiklik, hills south of Yurkand, 5th June 1874.

, 54. EUDOEEA TRANSVERSALIS.

Eudorea tramvcrsalis, Moore, Aua. and Mag. Nat. Ilist. 1878, p. 235.

3Iale. Upperside : fore wing grey, speckled with browTi, crossed by an obUquc subbasal
and a recurved discal black speckled band ; exterior margin black-spotted ; some black
speckles at end of the cell : hind wing pale brown, with darker marginal border. Cilia grey,
with brown border. Body grey, brown-and black-speclded. Palpi speckled with black
and white aboA'c. Antennce dark brown. Underside pale ochrey-grey. Legs speckled Avitli
grey and black, fore and middle legs Avith black bands. Eemale paler, the bands across
the A\dngs broader and more distinct.

Expanse -/!„ inch.

iZ«&.— Ighizyar (5,G00 feet), IStli May 1874, Yangihissar (4,320 feet), April 1874, both
in Eastern Tm-kestan.

Tribe— GEOMETRES.
Family— 5 OARM IBjE.
55. IIypochroma pseudoterpnaria.

lli/pochroma pseudoterpnaria, Guen., Pbal. i, p. 276.
Hah. — Uri, Jhilam valley, 23rd July.

5G. Gnophos obtectaria.

Gnop/ios oltectaria, "Walker, Catal. Lep. Het. B. M. 35, p. 1597.
Jlob. — Sonamarg, Kashmir.

57. Gkophos stoliczkaria. Plate I, fig. 22.

Gnophos stoliczkaria, MoorCj Auu. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 235.

Upperside pale ochreous-grey, minutely broAvn-speckled, the speckles forming more or
less numerous short transverse striae ; both wings Avith an indistinct oval brown spot at end of
the cell, and marginal lunular dotted line : fore wing with a subbasal and discal, and hind

LEPIBOPTERA. 15

wing with a discal, series of dentate brown points. Cilia wliite. Dnderside paler ; speckles
sparsely apparent ; cell-spot less distinct.

Expanse If inch.

Rub. — Ak Masjid, south of Yaxkand, 2nd June 1874.

Va.mi\y—GEOMETEII)JE.
58. Geometra dispaktita.
Geometra dispartita, Walker, Catal. Lep. Het. Brit. Mus. xsii, p. 520.
JSab. — Beshterek, south of Yarkand, 31st May.

FAmUy—LABENTIBJ^.
59. EUPITHECIA SATUEATA.
Eupithecia saturata, Guen., Pbal. ii, p. 269.

Hab. — Chiklik, hills south of Yarkand, 3rd June.

GO. TnERA EASHGHARA. Plate I, fig. 23.

Tliera kaslighara, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 236.

Upperside pale brownish-cinereous : fore wing crossed by three equidistant pale-bordered
blackish lines, the basal line nearly straight, the second slightly waved, the outer irregu-
larly undulated, each darkest at costal end, the interspace between the two outer ones darker
cinereous-brown ; a sliglit short sinuous spot at apex ; indistiaict paler ti'ansverse undulating
lines on outer margin ; a distinct darker marginal narrow line. Underside paler ; transverse
lines very indistinctly visible. Legs dusky-brown above. Antennse brownish.

Expanse 1| in.

^«6.— Chiklik (3rd June 1874), 14,480 feet.

Tribe— CRAMBICES.
Family— PZrrC/Z)^.
61. HOMCEOSOIIA VENOSELLA. Plate I, fig. 24.
Homaosuma venosella, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 236.

TJpperside: fore wing pale greyish-ochreous, minutely brown-speckled, the speckles
sparsely disposed along the veins ; having a transverse pale discal indented Une and an indis-
tinct space at end of the cell : hiud wing cinereous-white with pale brown marginal line. Cilia
white. Body and palpi above greyish-ochreous, paler beneath. Underside whitish-cinereous.

Expanse | inch.

Bub.— A.k Masjid, south of Yarkand (8,870 feet), June 2ud, 1874.

16 SECOND YAr.EL\:N'D MISSION.

62. Mtelois rxDrLOSELLA. Plate I, fig. 27.

2Iyelois undulosella, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 23G.

Male and female. TJppci-sidc oclircous-grey : fore wing speckled with brown, crossed by
two medial oblique imdulating pale-bordered blackish lines, both of which are sinuous at the
costal end ; a dark pale-centred streak at end of the cell ; middle of hinder margin and the
outer border grey, the latter with an indistinct pale sinuous line slightly black-speckled ;
cUia whitish, alternated with two dark marginal lines : hind wing pale brownish-cinereous
externally ; cilia white alternated with one dark marginal line, and having a dai'k patch
situated at the middle of the margin. Body ochi-eous-grey. Underside pale cinereous.

Expanse 1 j inch.

Hah.—Ak Masjid, south of Yarkand (8,870 feet), June 2nd, 1S71 ; Aktala, west of
Yiirkand (7,3i2 feet). May 17th, 1871.

63. MrELois GBISEELLA. Plate I, fig. 15.

Myeloif griseelld, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 187S, p. 236.

Uppersidc cinereous-grey : fore wing densely m-orated with brown, crossed by two medial
undiilating very indistinct speckled lines ; an indistinct streak at end of the cell ; both wings
V ith an outer marginal naiTow brown lunular line : hind wing whitish, with a very pale
cuiereous-broA^ni marginal and an indistiact narrow submarginal band. Ciha whitish, with
a narrow marginal dark line. Underside paler cinereous. Head and thorax brownish.
Abdomen emcreous-brown.

Expanse 1|^ inch.

iZflfi.— South-east of Chiklik, south of Yarkand (June 5th, 187i).

Tribe— TORTRICES.
64. CoNcnTLis STOLiczKANA. Plate I, fig. 14).
ConcJiylis stoliezkana, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p. 237.

Upperside : fore wing white, with thi-ee transverse outwardly oblique ochreous-brown
bands, two in^\•ardly oblique discal bands, and a spot at end of the ceU ; a brown-speckled
marginal band : hind wing ciaereous-wliite, with a narrow brown marginal band. Body
white and black-speckled, with white segmental bands. Legs white. Palpi white, brown-
speckled. Underside cinereous- white, outer bands on fore wing indistinctly visible.

Expanse f Lach.

Jltti.— South-cast of Chiklik, (June 5th, 1874).

Tribe— TINEINES.
Famil\ — TINEIDJE.
65. Adela sulzella.
Tinea sulzella, Sehiff., W. V. U3 (1776).
Hab. — Gaganghir, Kashmir.

LEPIDOPTERA.
?mi\\s—r.ELECEIDM.

17

66. Depeessaeia snOMZLLA.
Beprettaria ftigmella, Moore, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1878, p, 237.

Fore wing pale brownish-ochreous, greyish along the apical portion of the costa, inter-
spersed with a few dusky speckles ; a dusky-grey short straight streak at end of the cell,
and a few speckles on outer margin. Legs pale ochreous. Hind wing pale ochxeous-wliite.
I'nderside of both wings paler.

Expanse /^ inch.

Kah. — Yangihissar, Eastern Turkestan, (IMarch 3rd, 1874).

This species is nearest allied to the Euroj)ean D. sv.hpropinqti.ella.

Tabular LUt thawing geographical Dittribulion.

LoealitSea vhen eqitoied.

Epinephil-e cAena
Aulocera ttcaha
SyncJiloe daplidice
Colias hyale
Coliiujieldii
Polyommatiu galath^a ,
Dip$at odata
Lencophlehia hicolc/r
Hypercfjmpa principalU
Arctia orientalU, n. sp,
ifametfra hroisietB
Eeliothit tcufota .
Pgraufta aiprealig, n. sp.
Hypochrr/vta ptetidoterptiaria
Gnophot (MfcUtrva
Adela nUzella

Gaganghir .
Gaganghir .
Gond, Sonamarg
Gagangliir .
Sonamarg
Sonamarg.
Graganghir .
Hattirri .
Gond, Gaganghir
Sonamarg .
Srina^or
Gaganghir .
Gaganghir.
Uri .
Sonamarg .
Gaganghir .

GtiOgij^Jikal Dittrihotiiie.

W. Himalayas fPangi (Baaahir) ; Knnainr).

Ditto (Simla).

W. Aria ; Enrope.
W. Himalajas rMajenri) ; W. Asia ; S. and C. Earope.

Ditto {MaBUriJ; Ptmjab.

Ditto
Ditto.

(fpper EimaTiir).

Ditto.

Ditto
Ditto
Ditto

K. W. ProTin.-es ot India (Alkkalad).
India ; W. Asia; Eorope.
W. Aria ; Europe.

Ditto

Ditto

W . Aria;

Punjab.
(.Simla).
Europe.

LlDAE.

Mipparrhia Uhana, n. sp. . . • Leh ; Kharhn.

Sipparchia fodeti/i ..... Leh
Aulocera hrahmina ..... Dras Valley
Argynnu jaiJiadfXd . . : IjAl

SynrUoe hrattifa . . . Ldi .

Pamamiut ciarltonitu . ' SIharba.
Polyommatut lelantu, n. l^p. . | Leh.
Polgomwiattu ariana i Dias Valley

HydrcuAa tStetana, n. gp L;h.

AgroiU aquilina . . Leh

Agrotii tibetama, n. sp i Leb.

Kashmir.

ITajitiTnir (Jlargan Pas?).

Kachmir ; Upper Knnawiir.

IfamiiTTiTr ; W. Himalayas : W. Asift ; Smxipe.

Bonang Pass, 13/XO feet.

Sings (Tnfpa Valley); Eashmir ; W. Hui^alayas;
Faogi (Basahir).

W. Aria; S. and C. Europe.

18

SECOND YARKAND MISSION.

Tdlnlar l/ml xhviriiuj geographical D'nitr'ihuiion — continupd.
M0UNTA.IN Range between Ladae (Leh) and Plains of Yabeand.

Kashmir.

Localities whore captored.

Geographical Distribution.

Yanessa ladalcens'is, u. sp.

BaUia shawii

Colias stoliczkana, n. sp.

Parnassius jacquenwntil

Parnassitis acco .

Xi^eoris sJia/ildida .

Hadena stoliczkana, n. sp. .

Agrotis segetum

Agrotis aquilina .

Gogra, K:iratiij,'Ii Lake.

Aktdgh ....

N. of Changla.

N. of Changla .

Lupsang or Lak Ziing, 17,537

Shahidula.

Kufelang.

Tankse ....

Tankse ....

Chang Lung Pass.

Mountains of Ladak.
Ditto.

N. W. India ; W. Asia; Europe.
W. Asia ; Europi'.

Pyramcis cardui
Si/nrhhe rapie
Colias In/ale
Polyommatus kasgharensis, n. sp
P. yarkandensis, n. sp.
Euprociis karghalika, n. sp
Eiiproctis lactca, n. sp.
Ptilopltora kashghara, n. sp
Acroni/cia karghalika, n. sp
Mamestra canesccns, n. sp.
Agrotis segetum .
Heliothis dipsacea
Agrophila sulphuralis .
Acontia luctuosa .
Catocala pudica, n. sp. .
Apopestes phantasma .
Botys Jlavalis

Undorea transrersalis, n. sp
Geometra dispartita
Depressaria stigmclla, n. sp.

Synchloe chloridice
Colias hyale

Oxicesta marmorea, n. sp.
Spcelutis undulans, n. sp.
TcBniocampa chiklika, n. sp.
Heliothis hyhlieoides, n. sp.
Bankia argentula
Botys fiavjUs
Eudorea granltalis, n. sp.
Gnophos stoliczkaria, n. gp.
Euj ithecia satyrata
Thera khasgharia, n. sp.
Homa-osoma venosella, n. sp.
Myelois undulosella, n. sp.
Myelois griseella, n. sp.
Conchylis stoliczkana, n. sp.

Plains of Yaekand.

Sanju ; Karghalik

Yangihissar

Sanju ; \''augihissar .

Yangihissar.

Yarkand.

Karghalik.

Karghalik.

Yangihissar.

Karghalik.

Karghalik.

Karghalik .

Posgam ; Yangihissar

Yarkand

Yangihissar

Siinju ....

Yarkand ; Bora (Shaw)

Yangihissar ; Posgaui

Yangihissar; Ighizyar.

Besht<?rek .

Yangihissar.

Asia ; Africa ; Europe ; N. America.
W. Asia ; Europe.
W. Asia ; Europe.

N. W. India ; W. Asia ; Europe.

W. Asia ; S. Europe.

W. Asia ; S. and C. Europe.

W. Asia; S. and C. Europe.

Paskyum, Ladak, 10,870 feet (Shaw).

W. Asia.

W. Asia ; S. and C. Europe.

N. AV. India.

Hilly Countet west and south-west of the Plains of YaekXnp.

Sarikol

Sarikol

Sasak Taka.

AkMasjid; Chiklik.

Chiklik.

Chiklik.

Ak Masjid .

Ak Masjid ; Sarikol

Chiklik.

Ak Masjid.

Chiklik

Chiklik.

Ak Masjid.

Ak Masjid ; Aktala.

Chiklik.

Chiklik.

W, Asia ; S. Europe.
W. Asia ; Europe.

W. Asia ; Europe.

W. Asia ; S. and C. Europe.

W. Asia ; S. and C. Europe.

Ebbatum.
In the uamea at foot of plate /or " Myelois griseola," read " Myelois griseella.'

"itirK-ar.d Mission.

Lepidoptera Plate!

^^

.jrfQfi-

'.Butier del ettth Mmt«n

1, Colias Stoliczloiia. 2,\^essaLadakensis. S.Pamassius Charltonius. 4,Hipparchia Lehana S.Baltia Shawii.
G.PayoTnmaUis LioV.anus. 7 P. Kashgharensis 8 PYarkundensis 9 Acronycta Kargalika. 10, Spselotisundulans.
ILTeeniocampa Chiklika 12.Hadena Stoliczkana. IS.Wamestra canescens 14, Conchylis StoHczkana IB.Myelois griseola
16,Agrotis Tibetana. 17. Oxycesta marmorea. 18.E\iproctis Kai-galika. 19.?tiLophoraKashgKara 20,Heliothis Hyblaeoides
:Il,Hytlrsecaa Tibetana. 22,Gnoplios Sioliczkaria. 23.Thera KasligKara. 24,HomaEosoinavenosella. 25.Eudoreagranitalis
26,Pyra\i3ta cuprealis 27,lvlyelois undvilosella

[From the Transactions of the Zoological Socrerr, Vol. xi. part iii. 1881.]

/yiM^UL. , 'ynMLiAtt^

VI. On the Genera and Spedes of the Lcpiflopterons Subfamily Ophiderinse inhabiting
the Indian Region. By F. Mooee, F.Z.S. etc.

Received Januar_y 19th, read Januarj' 20th, 1880.

[Plates XII.-XIV.]

-LHE genus Ophideres was first characterized in 1832, in the 'Voyage de I'Astrolabe '
("Entom." p. 245), by Dr. Boisduval, who described a single species from Brazil under
the name of O.princeps. In Guerin's ' Iconogr. Regn. Anim.' (" Ins." pi. Ixxxix. f. 1), he
further figured a Madagascar species as 0. iniperator, which he redescribed and figured
(the male) in 1833, in the ' Fauue Entom. Madagasc. Bourb. et Maur.' p. 99, pl. xiv.
fig. 3.

In 1852 M. Guence, in the ' Spec. Gen. des Lep. Noctuelites,' iii. p. 109, recharac-
terized the genus, including in it and describing all the then known species of the
group. This arrangement was followed by Mr. Walker in 1857, in the British-Museum
' Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera,' and has been continued by all subsequent
writers.

Having made a recent examination of the several species of this interesting group
of Moths, I submit the result in the following pages, treating therein, however, only of
the species of the Indian Region. The species being much diversified in the form of
the external outline of the fore wings, and also in the shape of the terminal joint of the
palpi, as well as exhibiting a dissimilarity in the pattern of markings in the sexes, I have
found it necessary to group them under various genera, and to restrict the genus
Ophideres to its type, namely 0. princeps. Of six of the species described, figures are
here given of the larva and pupa, copied from original drawings made in India by
Mr. A. Grote, Sir W. Elliot, and Mr. S. N. Ward, and from others made in Java by
the late Dr. Ilorsfield.

This group of Moths has hitherto been placed by entomologists between the families
Catocalidae and Erebidse ; they have, however, closer affinity to the Ophiusidse, their
larvae also agreeing better with those of the latter in form. The genus Lagoptera is
very closely allied to them. I therefore place them, together with the subfamily
Phyllodinse, between the Bendidae (of which family Hulodcs caranea is a well-known
insect) and the Ophiusida;.

VOL. XI. — PAiiT III. No. 1. — March, 1881. L

64 ME. F. MOORE ON THE OPHIDERIN^ OF THE INDIAN EEGION.

Genus Otitrkis, Hiibner.

Othrds, Iliibncr, Vorz. bck. Sc-limctt. p. 2(il. (181G).
Corycia, Iliibucr, ib. p. 2G5.
Ophidercs (part), Gucuec, Walker.

Fore wing elongated ; costa nearly straight, slightly arched near the end, apex acute ;
exterior margin oblique and slightly convex hindward, even in the male, scalloped in
the female ; posterior margin short, with a fringed lobe near base, and slight excava-
tion beyond ; costal vein extending to near apex ; first and second branches of subcostal
at equal distances before end of cell, third starting from the second at a short distance
beyond the cell and forked near the apex, fifth anastomosed to third near its juncture
with the second, sixth from angle below end of the cell ; discocellular very slender,
recurved ; two upper median branches from angles above lower end of the cell, third
from its end, and fourth at one third ; submedian bent near the base. Hind wing broad,
anterior margin extending beyond angle of fore wing ; exterior margin convex, with a
slight subanal angle, abdominal margin short; costal vein recurved, extending to apex;
subcostal with two branches from end of the cell ; discocellular very slender, deeply
concave ; upper median branches from pointed angles at end of the cell, lower conti-
guous; three submedians. Body robust, densely clothed above; fore femora and tibiae
thickly pilose beneath, the latter furnished beneath with an elongated, pouched, glan-
dular spur ; middle and hind legs less pilose, with spurred tibiae and spined tarsi ; palpi
large, long, ascending, second joint clothed with short adpressed hairy scales, third
joint slender, long, and with a slight hairy tuft above. Antennae filiform, long, thick-
ened towards the base.

Larva semilooped, cylindrical, sparsely covered with minute hairs ; with sixteen feet,
but the first pair of ventrals rudimentary ; eleventh segment thickened at the dorsal
extremity and surrounded by a tubercular spot. When at rest holds the head up and
also the last segments ; frequently curling the anterior segments up in front. Changes
to pupa in a canopy of growing leaves fixed together and lined with a net-like web ;
pupa fastened by the tail.

Othreis fulloxica. (Plate XII. figs. 1, la, larva and pupa; Plate XIII. figs. I, la,
imago, <s 2 .)

Phal(ena B.fullonica, Linn. Syst. Nat. ii. p .812 (1767) ; Clerck, Icones, pi. xlviii. figs, l-i (Seba,

Ins. t. 42. f. 13, 14?).
Ophideres fullonica, Gueu. Noct. iii. p. Ill j Walker, Catal. Lep. Het. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 1222.
Noctua dioscorea, Fabr. Syst. Eut. p. 593, Spec. Ins. ii. p. 212, Mant. Ins. ii. p. 137, Ent. Syst.

iii. 2, 16, 26, ? .
Phal. N. pomona, Cramer, Pap. Exot. 1. pi. 77. f. C, ? .
Othreis pomona, Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 264.
Ophideres cajeta, Walk. Catal. Lep. Het. B. M. xiii. p. 1223 (nee Cramer).

ME. F. MOORE ON THE OPHIDERINyE OF THE INDIAN REGION. 65

Male. Fore wing dark ferruginous-brown or vinous-brown, numerously covered with
either ochreous, dark green, or greyish strigie, which on the exterior border form irre-
gular fascifc and terminate in a straight streak to the apex ; an ante- and a postmedian
oblique transverse darker brown line, the interspace glossy and suifused generally with
purple-brown, the reniform mark being more or less unglossed. Hind wing orange-
yellow, with a broad black apical marginal band and row of pale yellow cilial spots ; a
large broad curved black discal band. Thorax, head, palpi, and legs above dark brown ;
abdomen orange-yellow ; legs and abdomen beneath paler ; a yellow spot on tibiaj and
tarsal joints ; palpi black-tipped.

Female. Fore wing brighter-coloured, mottled grey and brown, strigse paler grey ;
discal area and fascire on exterior border chalybeous-grey ; postmedian line irregularly
sinuous, with a prominent white dentate spot on its middle and narrow lunules below
it ; reniform mark triangular, and more or less black ; a minute black orbicular spot.
Hind wing and body as in male.

Expanse 3 to 4| inches.

Hab. India, N. W. Himalayas {Masuri, KussowHe), Lucknow, Umballa, E. Himalayas
{Barjiling), Cachar, Allipore, W. and E. Ghauts (Bombay, Malabar, Madras); Ceylon ;
Andamans ; Malay peninsula ; Penang ; Sumatra ; Java ; Formosa ; Shanghai.

From the above-cited localities (specimens from which haAe been examined) it
will be seen that tliis species has a very extended range of habitat. Specimens have
been also occasionally recorded as having been taken on board ship in the eastern seas,
many miles from land. It also occurs at Moreton Bay, Australia ; and an allied (or
probably the same) species, was taken by Mr. Wallace on Ke Island. Other closely
allied species from New Hebrides and Navigators' Islands, and another from Sierra
Leone, are in the British-Museum Collection.

This insect is stated to be dreaded by the Australian colonists on account of tlie mis-
chief the imago causes to the orange plantations — perforating the ripening fruit with
its proboscis, and thus causing them to soon fall to the ground and rot.

This insect has been reared by Mr. A. Grote at Allipore, near Calcutta, from larvae
feeding on 2Ienispermum glabrum. Sir AV. Elliot reared it at Vizagapatam on Coc-
culus acuminatiis and C. cordifolius ; and in Java it was frequently reared by Dr.
Horsfield from larvae feeding on the Tayungan [Epihatherium, sp.) and on the Buntia
Silit [Leschenaultia, sp.) from November to April, being most abundant in the latter
month.

Major A. ]\I. Lang, in his Entomological Note-book, gives the following account of
the rearing of the larva of this species at Lucknow in 1866 : —

" September 8th. Took from the middle of the underside of a leaf of (? Menispcrmum)
a solitary, spherical, smooth, unsculpturcd, translucent, light-yellowish e^^g, about \"' in
diameter. Four or five more found on the lotli, all on the underside. On the lltli a

66 MR. F. MOORE ON THE OPUIDERINiE OF THE INDIAN' REGION.

minute Geometriform larva was hatched ; it was very active, dropping itself by a silken
thread when disturbed ; transparent, yellow and blackish in alternate belts, sparsely
covered with hairs ; fourteen legs (those on Gth segment wanting) ; head disproportion-
ately large, holding the head up and also the two last segments.

"On the loth it changed to a shining, translucent green, the anterior and posterior
segments very much more pale and yellow, 4'" long ; head now the smallest segment,
dull pale testaceous, the rest of the segments a pale tr.anslucent yellow, which, how-
ever, in segments 2 to 9 inclusive, look green — a light bright grass-green — the colour
seeming to come from the inside; on the 4th, 5th, Gth, 7th, and 10th segments are pale
brown lateral patches ; every segment has apparently ten black tubercular spots, each
carrying a hair ; legs black.

" On the 1 4th it changed to a velvety black, of tlie same form and attitude as before ;
a Vermillion spot on each side of the 5th and Gth segments, on the 5th each spot accom-
panied by an anterior white speck ; white lateral markings on 10th and 11th segments.

" On the 17th it changed to a black, with rufous and white ocelli where tlie Vermil-
lion spots were in preceding stage, and several rufous and white specks.

" On the 20th it changed to a most handsome variegated rufous and black, with
innumerable lilac, white, and rufous scattered specks.

" On the 25th it spun a leaf loosely across itself, on a bush above ground, and turned
into pupa.

"On October 8th the perfect insect {O.fuUonica) emerged."

This insect has also been reared at Canara by Mr. S. N. "Ward, from whose MS. is
tlie following extract: — " Larva with sixteen feet, but the first pair of ventrals almost
obsolete and retractile. Body cylindrical, smooth, and velvety to the touch, but with
scattered minute hairs over all the body ; 11th segment much thickened at the extre-
mity, falling off abruptly behind, and surmounted by a red currant-like spot. The
colour of the larva changes considerably, but is alwaj's either pinkish or brownish-
purple, or a rich yellow-brown, with dark stripe down the back, a double one on top,
and near the bottom of sides ; another quite at bottom, and another down middle of
belly. On 5tli and Gth segments are eye-spots, white, with a tinge of rich yellow above,
brown below, and surrounded by a black ring ; on 9th and 10th segments is a saddle-
like white mark. Head moderate-sized, rather oblong and reddish brown. Changes to
pupa between growing leaves, which it knits together with a very tough net-like web,
and lines it with one much finer and softer; pupa fastened by the tail, which is fur-
nislied with a treble forked bristle in middle with hooks turned outwards, and small
bristle on each side hooked inward. Pui)a conical, front part rather flattened, and
upper part of thorax rather sharper than usual, but not carinated ; it is engine-turned
all over except articulations, v.'hich are soft ; they are red ; but all the rest is fine shining
bronze-colour. Feeds on the llordee suppoo. September and October. Changes in
twenty-two days."

ME. F. MOOEE ON THE OPHTDEEINiE OF THE INDIAN EEGION. 07

Otiireis cajeta. (Plate XIII. figs. 2,2a, j $ .)

Phaltena Noct. cajeta, Cramer, Pap. Exot. i. p. 48, pi. slxx. f. A B, (J , C, ? .

Corycia cajeta, Iliibncr, Verz. bck. Schmett. p. 2G5.

Ophideres cajeta, Gucuec, Noct. iii. p. 112, S ? •

Ophideres multiscripta, Walker, Catal. Lap. Het. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 1226, ? .

Male. Fore wing dark umbcr-brown, suffused with greyish fawn-colour externally,
greyest at the posterior angle ; a few grey striga) disposed on basal and costal areas, and
a basal and subapical cluster of green or cream and dark brown scales ; veins alternate
pale and black-speckled ; an equidistant curved antemedian and a postmedian transverse
blackish double line, prominent and pale-centred in some, indistinct in others ; a small
pale-circled dark orbicular spot, and pale-bordered, dark, elongated, lunular, reniform
mark. Hind wing orange-yellow ; a black apical marginal band, with row of yellow cilial
spots, and a short, black, curved, discal band. Thorax, head, palpi, and legs above
brown, legs with white spots.

Female. Fore wing brownish fawn-colour, numerously covered with black, pale-grey-
bordered, speckled strigse, which are thickly disposed along the costa, and form irregular
fasciae across the disk ; posterior angle broadly greyish, above w'hich is a small dentate
whitish spot ; reniform mark prominent, angled hindward and black-lined ; a minute
black, pale-circled, orbicular spot. Hind wing and body as in male.

Expanse 3 to 3^ inches.

Hab. S. India {Malabar and Madras) ; Ceylon.

This species has a limited range, the specimens under examination having been
either from South India or Ceylon. It is very rare. A single specimen is in the
Banksian Cabinet in the British Museum ; but there are none in the General Cabinet.

" Larva feeds on the Muttee {Terminalia, sp.). Found in September. Makes a slight
web within a canopy of li\ing leaves. Pupa plum-colour, witli a thick bloom or pow^der
which comes off when touched ; front part smooth, top of thorax rounded ; the three
first segments of thorax very much humped, the succeeding ones decreasing in size like
steps ; extremity blunt and rounded, with several hooked bristles disposed like a bow-
string." [S. X. Ward, MS. Notes.)

Othkeis an'cilia. (Plate XII. figs. 2, 2«, larva and pupa; Plate XIII. figs. 3, 3rt,
imago d ? .)

Phalcena Noct. ancilla, Cramer, Pap. Exot. ii. p. 81, pi. cxlix. f. F (1779), ? .

Ophideres ancilla, Guenee, Noct. iii. p. 114, ? ; Walker, Catal. Lep. Het. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 122i, ? .

Phalana strigata, Donovan, Ins. Ind. pi. hv. (1800), ? .

Othreis homu'ena, Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 2G4.

Ophideres bilineosa,\^aW<ir, Catal. Lep. Het. Brit. ilus. xiii. p. 1227 (1857), ^ .

68 MR. F. MOORE ON THE OPUIDERIN/E OF TUE INDIAN REGION.

Male. Fore winp; deep ferrupinons-brown, with numerous darker brown stri^jae ;
crossed by indistinct greenish-brown fascite, which are bordered with glaucous-grey or
purple ; a subbasal, an antemedian, and a postmedian transverse oblique black line ; a
brown-bordered reniform mark. Hind wing orange-yellow ; marginal black band atte-
nuated hindward, cilial spots yellow ; a short black bilobed discal band. Thorax, head,
palpi, fore and middle legs deep ferruginous-brown ; abdomen and hind legs orange-
yellow.

Female. Fore wnng dark purple-brown, striga; darker, transverse fasciae glaucous-
purple, postmedian transverse oblique black line sinuous hindward, a broad longitudinal
irregular gre(>n band extending below the cell from near base to beyond postmedian
line ; reniform mark partly green. Other parts as in male.

Expanse 2J to 3 inches.

Hah. India {AUahahad, Bombay, Canara, Kilgiris, DarjiUng) ; Ceylon.

" Larva half-loopcr ; sixteen legs, the first ventral pair being so slightly developed as
to be useless for the purpose of progression; cylindrical, the 11th segment raised, and
the apex surmounted by a single blunt red tubercle raised above the skin, behind which
the body slopes abruptly down towards the anal legs; spiracles oval and black. General
colour dusky purplish-brown, dotted with numerous minute cobalt-blue spots regularly
arranged, and with large yellow oval patches on the 4th, 5th, and Gth segments, those
on the sides of the 5th and Gth being in the shape of ocelli, the iris yellow, pupil azure
blue, surrounded by black ; the 9th and 10th segments also patched with yellow irre-
gularly more or less. Changes to pupa beneath a canopy of living leaves fastened
firmly together and thinly lined with a bed of silk ; pupa fastened by the tail ; of an
orange-colour, beautifully burnished and rough like shagreen ; the lower part of the
thorax is much compressed, in fact quite sharp. Found during June, Jidy, and August
and sparingly in October and November below the Ghats, and in July and x\ugust above
the Ghats." {S. N. Ward, 2IS. Notes.)

Has been reared by Dr. Thwaites, in Ceylon, from larva feeding on Menispermum;
Mr. S. N. "Ward reared the larva, in Canara, upon Cocculus villosus.

Othreis smar.\gdipict.\.
Ophideres smaragdipicta. Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 1229 (1857), $ .

Female. Fore wing deep ferruginous-brown, witli a purplish tinge, varied with black
strigae, which are darkest and thickly confluent on the costa and disk; an irregular-
shaped longitudinal bright green band extending from the base below the cell, its broad
basal centre being brown ; some green strigic along the costa, and a thick cluster below
the apex and along exterior border. Hind wing orange-yellow, marginal black band
broad, extending paler along the costa and suffusing the base ; a short black bilobed

ME. F. MOOKE ON THE OPUIDERINJ^ OF THE INDIAN REGION. C9

discal band. Thorax, head, palpi, fore legs in front, and tarsi beneath dark ferruginous-
brown, thorax grey-speckled ; abdomen above orange-yellow, beneath blackish.

Expanse 3 inches.

Hah. Borneo. In I'oll. British Museum.

Khadira, n. gen.
Differs from Othreis in the fore wing having a decided falcate apex, the hind margin
with shorter and more deeply excavated space between the angles ; the hind wing also
shorter ; the palpi having the third joint slender and not tufted at the apex, the second
joint also being more slender ; fore tibiae less tufted, and tarsi more spinous.

Khadira aura^'tia. (Plate XIII. fig. 4.)

Ophideres aurantia, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1877, p. 607.

Male. Fore wing dark ochrey-red, with numerous short transverse grey strigee, veins
alternate grey- and black-speckled ; a narrow black oblique band from apex to middle
of excavation on hind margin ; the oblique band, two inner and two outer transverse
dusky fascifE bordered inwardly with purple-grey : hind wing pale orange-yellow, with
a black, short, curved, narrow submarginal band, and broader, short, constricted discal
band. Thorax, head, palpi, fore legs in front, and antennae ochrey-red; abdomen pale
orange-yellow. Underside orange-yellow ; fore wing with a dusky patch at the apex,
and two blackish short curved oblique discal streaks above posterior angle ; hind wing
with a short black discal spot and an indistinct dusky outer fascia.

Expanse 4 inches.

Hab. South Andamans. In coll. British Museum.

Adris, n. gen.

Fore wing : costa arched beyond the middle, convex at the end, the apex being pro-
duced into a lengthened point ; exterior margin very oblique, convex, the angle very
acute ; posterior margin very short in the male, lobe much produced, excavation beyond
short. Hind wing prolonged anteriorly, the exterior margin slightly concave below the
apex ; veins similar to those in Othreis. Palpi larger and stouter than in the other
genus, more laxly clothed, the third joint with a large, flattened, dense tuft above.
Fore tibijE in male more densely clothed with longer lateral hairs.

Type A. tyrannus.

Adris tyrannus. (Plate XIII. fig. 5, 6 .)

Ophideres tyrannm, Gueuee, Noct. iii. p. 110 (1852) ; Walker, Catal. Lep. Het. Brit. Mus. xiii.
p. 1224.
Male. Fore wing dark ochreous-brown, with indistinct darker transverse sinuous
fascige bordered with chalybeous purple ; sparsely covered with dark red-brown delicate

70 ME. F. MOORE ON THE OPlUDERINiE OF THE IXDIAJ^ REGION.

transverse strigJE ; veins black-speckled ; a narrow blackish antemedian line and an
oblique postraedian line from the apex, each with paler inner border, the latter also
bordered externally at the apical end with green speckles ; a small black orbicular spot,
and distinct green-speckled rcniform mark ; a small black subbasal spot and cluster of
green speckles. Hind wing ochreous-yellow, the base tinged with brown ; a narrow
curved black submarginal band (entirely separated from the outer margin), and a short
broader bilobed discal band. Thorax, liead, palpi, and legs above dark ochreous-brown,
abdomen ochreous-yellow.

Female. Fore wing ochreous-green, numerously covered with red-brown delicate
strigsE, transverse lines red-brown ; some greyish-speckled spots towards the apex and
on the disk, and a similarly coloured marginal patch from posterior angle. Hind wing
and body as in male.

Expanse 4 inches.

Ilah. India (Simla, Darjil/n;/, Bomhatj) ; China (S/urnr/hai) ; Japan.

" Taken in forests at Simla ; disturbed from the thickets in broad daylight it dashes
off very suddenly and swiftly with a blind headlong flight, like a frightened owl."
{3faJor A. M. Lang, MS. Notes.)

Adris kutilus, n. sp.

Male. Fore wing ferruginous, crossed by darker wavy greyish-bordered fasciic ; an
indistinct antemedian transverse line and a prominent postmedian oblique black line ;
a cluster of green speckles near the base, another on reniform mark, and a few along
outer border of the oblique line. Hind wing orange-yellow, an elongated narrow curved
black submarginal band, and a small short black lobate discal spot. Thorax, head,
palpi, and fore legs in front ferruginous ; abdomen above and beneath, and legs yellow.

Expanse 3| inches.

Hah. Ceylon. In coll. Dr. Thwaites and F. Moore.

" Larva feeds on MeuisperraacesD." (I>r. Thwaites, MS. ISfote.)

PuRBiA, n. gen.
Both sexes with shorter wings ; fore wings broad, the exterior margin straight below
the apex, oblique, even, lobe of hind margin very broad, more so than in any other of
the group, the excavation being also very concave. Palpi similar to those in A. tijrannus,
but the second joint broad at its apex ; fore tibiae very densely tufted.

ME. F. MOOEE ON THE OPHIDEREN'^ OF THE INDIAN REGION. 71

PURBIA DISCREPANS. (Plate XIV. fig. 1, (^ .)
Ophideres t^jscre/aaws, Walker, Catal. Lcp. Hct. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 3227 (1857), cj .
Ophideres archon, Felder, Reise der Novara, Lcp. pi. csiii. f. 3 (1873-1), ? .

Male. Fore wing pale purplish-brown or fawn-coloui', with a few black speckles
along the costa and on the veins ; crossed by three very indistinct and incomplete nar-
row brown bands, the outer sinuously recurved and bordered externally by clusters of
greenish scales ; an indistinct greenish subbasal spot and a green-speckled reniform
mark. Hind Aving orange-yellow, with broad black apical marginal band, the row of
cilial spots and apical angle being white ; a short broad curved black discal band.
Thorax, head, palpi, and legs purplish brown ; abdomen orange-yellow.

Female. Differs in having a narrow white reniform mark, and two short linear white
spots on middle of the disk.

Expanse 3 to of inches.

Ilab. India {Malabar) ; Siam ; Singapore ; Java.

M^NAS, Hiibner.
Matnas, Hubner, Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 2G-1 (1816).
Ophideres (part), Guenee, Walker.

Fore wing elongated, trigonal; costa slightly arched towards the end, apex acute
exterior margin oblique, straight ; posterior margin long, witli a tufted angle near base ;
slightly curved to the end. Palpi short, compactly clothed with short scales ; apical;
joint small, very short, and conical. Larva similar in form to that of Othreis.

M^NAS SALAMINIA. (Plate XII. figs. 3, 3 a, ob, larva and pupa ; Plate XIV. fig. 2,
imago.)
Phalaina Nod. salaminiu, Cramer, Pap. Exot. ii. p. 117, pi. elxxiv. f. A (1779); Clerck, Icones,

pi. xlviii. f. 5, 6.
Noctua salaminia, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii. 2, p. 17 (1793).
M<enas salaminia, Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 264.
Ophideres salaminia, Guenee, Noct. iii. p. 115; Walker, Catal. Lcp. Het. B. M. xiii. p. 1225.

Male and Female. Fore wing dark green with golden reflections ; a broad purplish-
o-rev costal band extending from near base of hind margin to the apex, and a narrow
similar band on exterior border, the costal band with numerous short green and ochre-
ous transverse strigje, which are confluent along the costal border, the exterior band
with paler purplish-green inner border ; a distinct red line along the discal portion of
the lower median vein. Hind wing orange-yellow, with a black apical marginal band
and yellow cilial spots, and a short black bilobed discal band. Thorax, head, palpi,
and front of fore legs ochreous-green ; abdomen and legs orange-yellow.

Expanse 3 to 3i inches.
VOL. XI. — PART III. No. 2. — March, 1881. m

72 MR. F. MOORE ON TlIE OPHIDERINiE OF TUE INDIAN REGION.

Hah. India {KussowUe, DarjiUtig, Khasias, Calcutta, Xilgiris, Madras) ; Ceylon ;
Singapore ; Java ; Formosa ; Shanghai ; Japan.

A widely distributed species, which has also been taken at sea in north of Bay of
Bengal in October. A specimen from Australia is in the British-Museum collection.

Larva reared on Menisjjermum fffabriim at Alliporc, by Mr. A. Grote. In Ceylon the
larva is also found on the same plant. Dr. Ilorsfield reared it in Java during February
and March from larva feeding on a species of Chsus.

Vandana, n. gen.

Fore wing less angular in form than in Mamas salamlnia, the costal border more
arched, and the hind wing with a greater width of lobe at the base ; second joint of the
palpi longer, and the third joint very long and slender.

Vajtoana dividens.
Ophideres dividens, ^slker, Catal. Lcp. Het. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 1328 (1857), $.

Female. Fore wing pale fawn-colour, greenish and darkest along the costa, and with
a slight rosy tinge, base tinged with pale olive-green; crossed by a dark sap-green
oblique band, which is attenuated at the apex and dilating in width to posterior mar-
gin, the inner border of the band even, and the outer border irregular hindward ;
reniform mark black, elongated longitudinally, angled at the lower end of the cell, and
divided by a pale line along the discocellular vein ; a pale sap-green narrow fascia
outside the oblique band. Hind wing orange-yellow, marginal black band broad, with
small yellow cilial spots ; short black bilobed discal band also broad. Thorax, head,
palpi, legs, and body beneath brownish fawn-colour ; abdomen above orange-yellow.
Underside : fore wing brown, with an oblique medial band, and base of hind margin
only yellow ; hind wing with the marginal brown band extending broadly along the
costa to the base.

Expanse 3f inches.

Hob. Java. In Coll. British Museum.

Rhttia, Hiibner.

Rhytia, Hubncr, Vera. bek. Schractt. p. 264 (1816).
()phidfre.s (part), Guenec, Walker.

Fore w'ing in male and female with the exterior margin even, and angled outward
in the middle ; palpi very long, the third joint Avith broad clavate tufted tip. Larva
similar in form to that of Otiireis, but with slight dorsal protuberance on the 5th, 6th,
7th and 11th segments.

ME. F. JIOOEE ON THE OPHIDEEIN.E OF THE INDIAN EEGION. 73

Rhytia cocale. (Plate XII. figs. 5, ba, larva and pupa; Plate XIV. figs. 5, 5a,
imago d 2 •)

Phal. Nod. cocalus, Cramer, Pap. Exot. ii. p. 59, pi. cxxxiv. f. B (1779), c? •
Rlnjtia rocak, Hiibucr, Vcrz. bek. Scbmett. p. 2G1.
Uphhlvres cocalus, Guenee, Noct. iii. p. 115, 6 .
Nortua maculata, Weber, Obscrvat. Entom. p. Ill (1801), $ .
Ophideres phma,\Nsi\\.er, Catal. Lcp. Hct. Brit. ]Mus. xiii. p. 1226, S-

Male. Fore wing ochreous green, numerously covered with slender black transverse
strit'EC, those across the disk and on exterior margin grey-bordered ; crossed by a curved
antemedial and an oblique postmedial black line, both with chalybeous-grey inner
border; reniform mark indistinct: hind wing orange-yellow, with broad black mar-
ginal band and small white cilial spots and narrow streak at apex. Thorax, head,
palpi, and legs in front ochreous-green, palpi with a lateral linear grey streak ; abdomen
and legs above orange-yellow, beneath greyish.

Female. Darker ochreous green, with a cluster of creamy-white spots on the disco-
cellular area, another series below the cell, a large patch at the posterior angle, and a
slender linear broken spot below the apex : hind wing and body as in male.

Expanse 2J to 3 inches.

Hah. India {Coromandel, Silhci) ; Java.

This species has a similar pattern of markings to R. hypermnestra, but may easily be
distino-uished from it by the absence in the hind wing, in both sexes, of the two black
discal spots, and in the black marginal band extending to the anal angle, tlie inner
border of which is much less irregularly sinuous, and the row of cilial spots also are
much smaller ; the fore wing in the male has the two transverse lines more curved,
and the clusters of spots in the female are more confluent. It has been reared in Java
by Dr. Horsfield from larva feeding on a species of Epihatherium.

Rhytia hypermnestra. (Plate XII. fig. 6, larva; Plate XIV. figs. 4, 4ff, imago
6 ?.)

Phalana Noct. hi/permncstra, Cramer, Pap. Exot. iv. pi. cecxxiii. f. A, B (1782).
Rhytia hypermnestra, Hubner,Verz. bek. Snbmett. p. 264.
Ophideres hypermnestra, Guenee, Noet. iii. p. 116; Walker, Catal. Hot. Brit. ]Mus. xiii. p. 1225.

Male. Fore wing ochreous-green, numerously covered with slender blackish trans-
verse strigie ; crossed by a distinct antemedian and an oblique postmedian brown line ;
an indistinct dusky brown suffused reniform mark ; a curved grey streak below tlie
apex, and grey strigse above posterior angle; transverse lines with chalybeous-grey
inner border. Hind wing orange-yellow, with broad marginal black band, white cilial
row of spots and apical angle ; and two small black discal spots, the upper one oval,
the lower recurved. Tliorax, head, palpi, and fore legs in front ochreous-green, palpi

74 ME. F. MOOEE ON THE OPUIDERIN^E OF THE INDIAN EEOION.

with a lateral linear grey streak ; abdomen and legs above orange-yellow, beneath
grey.

Female. Fore wing darker green, with a series of creamy-white spots on the disco-
cellular area, another series below the cell, a large patch at the posterior angle, and
two small slender spots below the apex, all partially crossed by slender brown strigae.

Expanse 8 to 3| inches.

lldh. India {liomhaij, Canara, Nilgiris, BarjiUng, Khasia) ; Burniah {Moulmcin) ;
Andamans ; Ceylon.

" Larva semilooper, cylindrical, elongated, slightly humped on the 4th, 5th, Gth, and
11th segments. Legs fourteen, with a rudimentary pair on Gth segment. Colour dusky
])urplisli-brown, blotched with very dark brown, and spotted witli minute dots of cobalt-
blue ; on each side of Gth and Gth segments is a large ocellus, the iris bright yellow in
front and Vermillion behind, pupil purplish-brown, with a crescent of cobalt-blue, and
with a centre which is considerably darker than the rest ; besides these the body is
extensively marked with black and yellow patches of different shapes. Changes occupy
twenty-six days." {S. N. Ward, U.S. Notes, Canara.)

Argadesa, n. gen.
Ophideres (part), Guenee, Walker.

Fore wing in male and female with the exterior margin oblique and scalloped
throughout its length ; palpi shorter, and the third joint slender. Larva similar in
form to that of Othreis.

Aegadesa MATEEXA. (Plate XII. figs. 4, 4 a, b, c, d, larva and pupa ; Plate XI V. fig. 3,
3 a, imago, <? ? .)

Vhalmna Noct. materna, Linnjeus, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 840 ; Driiry, Ins. ii. p. 24, pi. xiii. f. 4 ; Cramer,

Pap. Exot. ii. pi. 174. f. B ; iii. pi. 267. f. E.
Noctua materna, Fabr. Spec. lus. ii. p. 212; Mant. Ins. ii. p. 137 ; Eut. Syst. iii. 2, p. 16.
Bhytia materna, Iliibuer, Yerz. bck. Schmctt. p. 264.

Triphama 7«a/erM«, Westwood, Nat. Libr. xxxvii. Exotic Moths, p. 201, j)]. xxv. fig. 2.
Ophideres materna, Boisduval, Faun. Ent. Madag. Bourb. et Maur. Lep. p. 100; Gucnec, Noct. iii.

p. 113; AValker, Catal. Lcp. Ilet. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 1221.
Noctua hybrida, Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 593.

Male. Fore wing greenish-grey, covered witli greenish-brown or purple-brown trans-
verse confluent striga; ; a short curved dark brown antemedian costal line and a distinct
oblicjue postmedian line ; between the lines are three purple-glossed, plumbeous, longi-
tudinal streaks, the upper short and near the costa, the next from lower angle of the
cell, the third below the cell ; reniform mark trilobed, purple-black ; a narrow grey
streak curving below the apex and spreading irregularly to the posterior angle, lliud

MR. F. MOOEE ON THE OPHIDERINiE OF THE IKDIAN REGION. 75

wing orange-yellow, uitli a narrow black marginal band and prominent white cilial
spots ; a single small black discal spot. Thorax greenish grey, head and palpi above
brown, palpi black-tipped ; fore legs brownish above ; abdomen and legs orange-yellow.

Female with darker and more prominent strigae, the three longitudinal discal streaks
much larger, broader, contiguous, purple-glossed, and narrowly divided and bordered
with white ; hind wing and body as in male.

Expanse 2^ to 3| inches.

Hah. India {Kussoiolie, Lucknoiv, Allahabad, Kutch, Kattywar, Bombay, Canara,
Madras, Calcutta, Balasore) ; Ceylon ; Java.

This insect has also been taken in the island of Madagascar. A specimen from
Abyssinia, collected by Mr. Jesse, and another from Gambia are in the collection of
the British Museum. It has also been taken at sea in the north of the Bay of Bengal.

" Larva, after last change, 2| inches long ; half Geometrous, long, cylindrical, stout,
with the penultimate segment much elevated, and the anterior ones strong; ground-
colour red-brown, darker at the hinder and foremost segments, more of an olive-brown
in the middle ; dorsal line well defined and bistre-colour, on either side of which a
similar line, bearing on 5th and 6th segments a splendid ' ocellus,' the upper part of
which is primrose, with the lower half purplish brown, Avith a lilac pupil ; sides and
middle of back variegated irreguLirly with lilac and yellow spots and yellow fascia ; on
penultimate segment a coral-coloured protuberance, spotted with lilac here and there,
with on either side a broad yellow fascia; abdomen lighter than back, with a dark
ventral line; legs all red-brown, tipped with black; anal legs very long; head dark
coral-colour ; stigmates violet.

" In state of repose it curls the head and 4th and 5th segments right under the
body, forming a circle.

"Turned into pupa 28th Sept., between the leaves. Imago came out 7th October.
Period on the wing Sept., Oct.; Lucknow." {Capt. II. L. Be la Chaumette, MS. note,
1860.)

Mr. S. N. Ward, in his MS. notes on the Lepidoptera of Canara, says the " larva
feeds on the Amoordah Beeloo, changing to pupa among the leaves, which are fastened
together with coarse yellow threads, the changes occupying fifteen days. Found from
September to December."

Larva reared on Menispermum glabrum at Allipore, by Mr. A. Grote. Sir W. Elliot
reared it on Cocculus cordifolius ; and in Java Dr. Horsfield reared the larva on botli
Leschenaultia and Ej)ibatherium.

VOL. XI. — PART III. No. 3. — March. 1881.

76 MR. F. MOORE OX THE OPHIDEEIN^ OF THE INDIAN EEGION.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.

PLATE Xn.

Fig. 1. Othreis fuUonica, larva (AUipore, A. Grote), p. ()4.

Fig. \a. ,, „ ])upa (Java, Horsjield), p. 64.

Fig. 2,2a. Othreis ancilla, larva and pupa (Canara, Ward), p. 67.

Fig. 3. Mmias salaminia, larva (Allipore, A. Grote), p. 71.

Fig. 3«,i. ,, „ larva and pupa (Java, llorsfichl), p. 71.

Fig. 4, 4 a. Argadesa materna, larva (Vizagapatam, EHiut), p. 74.

Fig. i,b,c,d. „ ,, larva and pupa (Allipore, A. Grote), p. 74.

Fig. 5, 5ff. Bhytia cocale, larva and pupa (Java, Horsjield), p. 73.

Fig. 6. „ hyi)ermnestra, larva (Canara, Ward), p. 73.

PLATE XIII.

Fig. 1. Othreis fidlonica 6 ; fig. Ic, ? : p. 64. Fig. 4. Khadira aurantia, j). 69.

Fig. 2. „ cajeta d ; fig. 2a, $ : p. 67. Fig. 5. Adris tyrannns 6 , p. 69.

Fig. 8. „ ancilla d fig. 3a, 2 ■■ p. 67.

PLATE XIV.

Fig. 1. Purbia discrepans d , p. 71. Fig. 4. B/iytia hyiiermnestra 6 ; fig. 4c/, $ ; p. 73.
Fig. 2. Mwnas salaminia, p. 71. Fig, 5. „ cocale d ; fig. ba, ? : p. 73.

Fig. 3. Argadesa materna d ; fig. 3 a, $ : p. 74.

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