CHARLES TOWNELEY.

LIST

OF THE SPECIMENS OF

BRITISH ANIMALS

- 5q .ot i >)

c.

V

THE COLLECTION

BRITISH MUSEUM.

PART

jXS6!

CENTRONIX OR RADIATED ANIMALS.

LONDON :

PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
1848.

ASM la Gcb.3o

©

INTRODUCTION.

The principal object of the present Catalogue has been to give a com-
plete List of the British Specimens of Radiated Animals ( Centronics )
contained in the Collection of the British Museum, indicating at the
same time the peculiarities of each as regards age, habitation, con-
dition, and the source from whence it has been received.

With this view, the different individuals of each species contained
in the Collection are indicated by the letters a, b, c, &c., following the
name of the species and its synonvma, and followed by the habitat,
state, and the source from whence the specimens are derived.

Those specimens which have been presented to the Museum have
the name of the donor ; and in general the Collection from whence the
specimen has been purchased or procured in exchange is also marked,
as it often gives some authenticity to its history. In the adoption of
the generic and specific names, it has been thought right to use, where-
ever it was possible, that which was first applied to the species. As far
as regards the specific name, there is comparatively little difficulty in
the application of this simple rule ; but generic names have been used by
different authors in manners so widely different, and the groups which
they were meant to designate have been so variously extended and re-
stricted, that it was no easy matter to determine, where several names
have been used, which of them ought to be preferred. Great attention
has been paid to consult the original authority, to know the type, and
select the name which appeared to be the most ancient, and reference
is made to the work in which, and the date when, each genus and its
svuonyma were respectively published.

INTRODUCTION.

iv

Under each species there have been appended all the names under
" hich the animal or coral has been mentioned since the establishment
ox the Linntean system of nomenclature, and references are given to the
works in which these were first used, and especially to the different
" or'is treating on British animals in which they are mentioned, and also
a reference to the best figures.

The chief part of these references have been extracted from the ad-
mirable and classical works of Dr. G. Johnston and Mr. E. Forbes ;
additional references having been made to some foreign works which
have escaped their researches, or to others which have appeared since
their publication.

The British Museum is fortunate in hating received the chief por-
tion of the specimens from the several authors who originally described
the species, so that there can be no doubt of the specimens being the
real representatives of the names they bear ; for besides possessing the
original specimens collected and described by Colonel George Mon-
tague and Dr. W. E. Leach ; Dr. G. Johnston of Berwick has most
kindly presented to the Museum the whole of his Collection, which he
used in the preparation of his classical work on this subject ; and Mr.
Edward Forbes has also most kindly presented many of the specimens
described in his work on the British Echinodermata, and Mr. Mac-
Andrew has added to these the specimens more recently obtained in
his dredging expeditions.

As the attention to the laws of priority, now so universally adhered
to, has caused the alteration of several names used by Dr. Johnston
and Mr. E. Forbes, a Concordance showing the changes has been added
at the end of the List.

June 12th, 1848.

JOHN EDWARD GRAY.

LIST OF SPECIES.

Page

IV. CENTRONIX 1

1. ECHINODERMATA... 1
Class I. DITREMATA ... 1

Order I. ECHINIDA ... 2

Fam. 1. Cidarid.e 2

1. Cidaris 2

1. papillata 2

Fam. 2. Echinidaj 2

1. Echinus 3

1. Flemingii 3

2. esculentus 3

3. railiaris 3

4. lividus 4

5. n. s 150

2. Echinometra 4

1. Drobachensis 4

Fam. 3. Scutellid.e... 4

1. Echinarachnius 4

1. placenta 5

2. Echinocyamus 5

1. pusillus 5

Fam. 4. Spatangid.-e... 5

1. Spatangus 3

1. purpureus 0

2. Echinocardium 6

1. cordatus 6, 150

2. ovatum 6

3. Brissiopsis 7

1. lyrifera 7, 150

Page

Order II. HOLOTHURIDA. 7

Fam. 1. Holothurid.e... 7

1. Thyone 7

1. fusus 7

2. Raphanus 8, 150

2. Holothuria 8

1. nigra 8

Fam. 2 Cuvieriadaj... 8

1. Psolus 8

1. phantopus 9, 150

2. Psolinus 9

1. brevis 9, 150

Fam. 3. PentactiDvE... 9

1. Pentacta 9

1. frondosa 9

2. fusiformis 10

3. Hyndmanni 10

4. lactea 10

5. pentactes 10

6. Montagui 11

7. Neillii 11

8. dissimilis 11

2. Thyronidium 11

1. pellucidum 11

2. Drummondi 11

Fam. 4. Synaptida!... 12

1. Synapta 12

1. inherens 12

2. Henslowana 12

VI

LIST OF SPECIES.

Page

Fam. 5. Sifunculid.®... 13

1. Sipunculus 13

1. nudus 13

2. papillosus 13

3. macrorhynchopterus . 13

4. Harveii 13

5. Strombi 13

6. Johnstoni 14

7. saccatus 14

8. tenuicinctus 14

9. Forbesii 14

10. granulosus 14

2. Phascolosoma 14

1. Pallasii 14

3. Priapulus 14

1. caudatus .. 14

4. Thalassema . 15

1. rupium 15

5. Echiurus 15

1. oxyurus 15

Class II. HYPOSTOMA. 15
Order I. ASTEROIDA... 16

Fam. 1. Asteriadaj ... 16

1. Asterias 16

1. rubens 16

2. violaceus 17

3. glacialis 17

4. hispida 17

Fam. 2. Astropectjnid.e. 18

1. Astropecten 18

1. irregularis 18

2. Luidia 18

1. Savignii 18

3. Solastcr 19

1. Endeca 19

2. papposa 19

4. Henricia 20

1. oculatus 20

2. rosea 20

Page

Fam. 3. Pentacerotid.e. 21

1. Hippasteria 21

1. equestris 21

2. abbensis 21

Fam. 4. Asterinid.*:... 21

1. Palmipes 21

1. membranaceus 22

2. Porauia 22

1. pulvillus 22

3. Asterina 22

1. gibbosa 23

Order II. OPIIIURIDA. 23
Fam. 1. Ophicrid.e... 23

1. Ophiolepis 23

1. ciliata 23

2. albida 24

3. elegans 24

4. punctata 24

5. filiformis 24

2. Ophiopholis 25

1. aculeata 25

2. brachiata 25

3. Ballii 25

4. Goodsiri 25

3. Opliiocoma 25

1. nigra 26

4. Ophiothrix 26

1. fragilis 26

2. minuta 27

Fam. 2. Astroph ytonid.e. 27

5. Astrophyton 27

1. arborescens 27

Order III. CRINOIDEA. 27
Fam. Pentacrinid/E... 28

1. Antedon 28

1. decameros 28

2. Gynameda 28

1. pulcliella 29

LIST OF SPECIES.

Vll

Page

Section II. LEIODERMA. 29
Class III. ACALEP HA. 29

I. PULMOGRADA ... 29
Ord. I. PHANEROCARPjE. 29
Fam. 1. Rhizostomid^e... 29

1. Rhizostoma 29

1. undulata 29

2. Cassiopea 30

1. lunulata 30

Fam. 2. Medusid.e ... 30

1. Pelagia 30

1. cyanella 30

2. ? 30

2. Chrysaora 30

1. hysoscella 31

3. Cyanea 31

1. capillata 31

2. Lamarckii 31

4. Medusa 31

1. aurita 31

2. cruciata 32

? 3. purpurata 32

? 4. Surirea 32

? 5. campanula 32

Order II. CRYPTOCARP.E. 32

Fam. 1. Willsiad^e... 32

1. Willsia 32

1. stellata 32

Fam. 2. Oceanid/E ... 32

1. Turris 32

1. digitale 33

2. coccinea 33

2. Saphenia 33

1. dinema 33

3. Oceania 33

1. octona 33

2. phosphorica 33

3. diadema 33

Page

3. Oceana. 4. turrita 155

5. episcopalis 155

6. sphserica 155

Fam. 3. /Eocoread.®.

4. iEquorea 34

1. octocostata 34

2. stauroglyplia 34

3. allantophora 34

Fam. 4. Circead.e.

5. Circe 34

1. rosea 34

Fam. 5. Geryonead,®.

6. Thaumantias 34

1. hemisphserica 34

2. cymbaloidea 35

3. pileata 35

4. Thompsonii 35

5. punctata 35

6. sarnica 35

7. quadrata 155

8. aeronautica 155

9. maculata 155

10. pilosella 155

11. inconspicua 155

12. octona 155

13. globosa 155

14. melanops 155

15. lucida 155

16. lineata 155

17. gibbosa 155

18. convexa 155

7. Slabberia 35

1. bait crata 35

8. Geryonia 35

1. appendiculata 35

2. minima 35

9. Tima 36

1. Bairdii 36

Fam. 6. Sarsiad.e.

10. Bougainvillia 36

1. Britannica 36

2. nigritella 156

11. Lizzia 36

1. octopunctata 36

2. blondina 156

via

LIST OF SPECIES.

Page

12. Moodeeria 36

1. formosa 36, 156

13. Sarsia 36

1. tubulosa 156

2. ornata 156

3. gemmifera .156

4. prolifera 156

14. Steenstrupia 37

1. rubra 156

2. flaveola 156

15. Eulimena 37

1. quadrangularis 37

16. Eupliysa 156

1. aurata 156

17. Polyxenia 155

1. cyanostylis 155

II. ANOMAEA 37

Order III. CILIOGRADA. 37

Fam. 1. Beroid.*... 37

1. Beroe 37

1. cucumis 37

2. '? 37

3. borealis 38

4. pellucida 156

Fam. 2. Calliantrid-E. 38

1. Cydippe 38

1. pileus 38

2. infundibulum 38

3. pomiformis 39

4. lagena 156

2. Bolina 39

1. hibernica 39

2. Smithii 156

Order IV. PHYSOGRADiE. 39
Fam. 1. Difhyid.® ... 39

1. Diphyes 39

1. campanulifera ? 39

Fam. 2. Physophorid^e. 39

1. Arethusa 39

1. pelagica 40

Page

2. Apolemia? 156

1. gettiana 156

Ord. V. CHONDROGRAD.E. 40

Fam. 1. Velellidjj... 40

1. Aglaura 40

1. pocillum 40

2. Phyllodoce 40

1. vulgaris 40

2. ’emarginata 156

Class IV. ZOOPI1YTA. 41
Order I. ZOANTHARIA. 41
I. GYNOSOMATA !.. 41

Fam. 1. Actiniad,e ... 41

1. Capnea 41

1. sanguinea 41

2. Corynactis 42

1. viridis 42

2. Allmani 42

3. Actinia 42

1. mesembryanthemum 42

2. raargaritifera 43

3. Chiococca 43

4. chrysosplenium 43

5. coccinea 43

6. viduata 43

7. Troglodytes 43

8. alba ... 44

9. anguicoma 44

10. intestinalis 44

11. chrysanthellum 44

12. biserialis 44

13. vermicularis 44

14. cylindrica 44

4. Cereus 44

1. sulcata 44

2. edulis 45

5. Cribrina 45

1. gemmacea 45

2. monile 46

LIST OF SPECIES.

IX

Page

5. Cribrina. 3. coriacea 46

4. crassicornis 46

5. parasitica 46

6. bellis 47

7. Dianthus 47

1. ? truncata 48

2. ? sulcata 48

3. ? caryophyllus 48

4. ? anemonoides 48

6. Adarasia 48

1. palliata 48

7. Iluantbos 49

1. scoticus 49

Fain. 2. Lucernarjad.e. 49

1. Lucernaria 49

1. fascicularis 49

2. auricula 49

3. campanulata 50

4. cyathiformis 50

Subord. II. CHONDROPIIORA.
Fam. I. Zoanthidas... 50

1. Zoanthus 50

1. Couchii 50

Subord. III. CORALLIOPHORA.
Fam. 1. Pocilloporid.e. 50

1. Pocillopora 51

1.? interstincta 51

Fam. 2. Ocellinid.®... 51

1. Turbinolia 51

1. Millesiana 51, 150

2. Oculina 51

1. prolifera 51

3. Caryophyllia 52

1. Smithii 52, 150

2. ? borealis 52

3. ? ramea 52

4. ? musicalis 52

4. Madrepora 53

1. ? truncata 53

2. ? lichenoides 53

Page

Order II. ZOOPHYTARIA. 53
Suborder I. RADICATA. 53

Fam. 1. Alcyonid.®... 53

1. Alcyonium 53

1. digitatum 54

2. glomeratura 54

2. Sarcodictyon 55

1. catenata 55

Fam. 2. Gorgoniadje... 55

1. Gorgonia 55

1. verrucosa 55

2. pinnata - 56

2. Muricea 56

1. Placomus 56

3. Pterogorgia 56

1. anceps 56

4. Primnoa 57

1. lepadifera 57

5. ? Isis 57

1. ? hippuris 57

2. ? extrochus 57

Suborder II. LIBERA ... 57

Fam. 1. Pennatulid^e... 57

1. Pennatula 57

1. phosphorea 58

2. Virgularia 58

1. mirabilis 58

3. Pavonaria 58

1. quadrangularis... 59, 150
Order III. POLYPIARIA.. 59

Suborder I. TUBULARINA. 59

Fam. 1. Corynid/e ... 59

1. Clava 60

1. multicornis 60

X

LIST OF SPECIES.

Patre

2. Hydractinia 60

1. echinata 61

2. ? Alderi 61

3. ? minuticornis 61

3. Coryne 61

1. pusilla 61

4. Cordylophora 62

1. lacustris 62, 150

Fam. 2. Tubulariad.®. 63

1. Eudendrium 63

1. ramosum 63

2. Tubularia 63

1. indivisa 64

2. Dumortierii 64

3. Larynx 64

4. gracilis 65

5. polyceps 65

3. Corymorpha 65

1. nutans 65

2. ? 66

Suborder IL SERTULARINA.
Fam. 3. Sertulariad.e. 66

1. Halecium 66

1. Halecium 66

2. rameum 67

3. Beanii 67

4. muricatum 67

2. Sertularella 68

1. polyzonias 68

2. rugosa 69

3. Sertularia 69

1. rosacea 69

2. pumila 70

2*. gracilis 150

3. Evansii 71

4. Pinaster 71

5. Margareta 71

6. fallax 71

7. Tamarisca 72

8. abietina 72

9. filicula 72

10. operculata 73

11. argentea 73

12. cupressina 74

Page

4. Nigellastrum 74

1. nigrum' 75

2. pinnatum 75

3. fuscum 75

5. Thuiaria 75

1. Thuja 76

2. articulata 76

6. Nemertesia 76

1. antennina 77

2. ramosa 77

7. Aglaophenia 78

1. falcata 78

2. pluma / 79

3. pennatula 79

4. pinnata 80

5. setacea 80

6. echinulata 81

7. Catliarina 81

8. fascis 81

9. myriophyllum 81

10. frutescens 82

8. Epistomia 82, 151

1. Bursaria 82, 151

Fam. 4. Campanulariad^r. 83

1. Laomedea 83

1. dichotoma 83

2. geniculata 84

3. gelatinosa 85

4. Flemingii 85

5. obliqua 85

2. Capsularia 85

1. volubilis 86

2. integra 86

3. Svringa 86, 151

4. lacerata 87

5. lsevis 87

6. verticillata 87

6*. serpens 151

7. dumosa 88

3. Conchella 88, 144

1. intertexta 88

4. Coppinia 144

1. mirabilis 144

LIST OF SPECIES.

XI

Page

? Cymodoce 88

1. simplex 88

2. comata 89

? Order IV. HYDRINA. 89
Fam. 1. Hydraid.e. 89

1. Hydra 89

1. viridis 89

2. vulgaris 90

3. attenuata 90

4. Oligactis 90

Class V. POLYZOA. 91, 144
Order I. CARNOSA. 91, 144
Fam. 1. Alcyonidiada;. 91, 144

1. Alcyonidium 91

1. gelatinosum 91

2. hirsutum 92

3. parasiticum 92

(2. Pulmonellum 93, 151

1. Ficus 93, 151)

3. Cycloum 93

1. papillosum 93

4. Sarcocliitum 93

1. polyoum 93

Fam. Pedicellinidai. 93, 145

1. Pedicellina 94

1. echinatum 94

Order II. CORNEA... 94, 145
Fam. Vesiculariadal 94, 145

1. Amathia 94

1. lendigera 95

2. Vesicularia 95

1. spinosa 95

3. 1 lean i a 90

1. mirabilis 96

4. Valkcria 96

1. Cuscuta 96

2. Uva 97

3. pustulosa 98

Page

5. Bowerbankia 98

1. imbricata 98

6. Farrella 99

1. repens 99

Fam. 2. Cristatellid.®. 99, 145

1. Cristatella 99

1. Mucedo 99

2. Alcyonella 100

1. campanulata 100

3. Plumatella 101

1. repens 101

2. emarginata 101

4. Nai'sa 102

1. sultana 102

2. dilatata 102

Fam. 3. Paeudicei.laid.e102, 145

1. Paludicella 102

1. articulata 102

Fam. 4. Flustradas. 103, 145

1. Flustra 103, 145

1. foliacea 103

2. membranacea 104

2. Cbartella 104, 145

1. papvracea 104

2. securifrons 104

3. Carbasea 105, 146

1. papyracea 105

4. Avicularia 105, 146

1. flabellata 106

5. Flabellaria 106, 146

1. spiralis 106

2. setacea 106

6. Annulipora 107, 146

1. pilosa 107

2. dentata 107

7. Flustrclla 108, 146

1. hispida 108

8. Conopeum 108, 146

1. reticulum 108

XU

LIST OF SPECIES

Page

9. Callopora 109, 146

1. lineata 109

10. Amphiblestrum .... 110, 146

1. membranaceum 110

Fam. 5. Bugulid.®... 110

1. Crisularia Ill, 147

1. plumosa Ill

2. Scupocellaria Ill

1. scruposa Ill

2. reptans . 112

3. Bicellaria 112

1. ciliata 112

3*. Epistomia 82

1. Bursaria 82

4. Canda 113

1. arachnoidea 113

5. Tricellaria 113

1. ternata 113

6. Bugula 114

1. Neritina 114

7. Bugulina 114

1. avicularia 114

Fain. 6. Microporidjj. 115, 147

1. Micropora 115, 147

1. coriacea 115

Order III. CALCAREA. 147
I. CELLEPORINA. 115, 147
Fam. 7. Celleporid.®. 115, 147

1. Hippothoa 115, 147

1. catenularia 116

2. divaricata 116

3. sica 116

4. cassiterides 116

2. Cribrilina 116, 147

1. punctata 117

3. Lepralia 117, 148

1. Jacotini 117

2. assimilis 117

Page

3. Lepralia. 3. simplex 118

4. ventricosa 118

5. ovalis 118

6. quadridentata 118

7. granifera 118

8. Landsborovii 119

9. auriculata 119

10. pertusa 119

11. figularis 119

12. Peachii 119

13. Pedilostoma 120

14. reticulata 120

15. fenestralis 120

16. nitida 120

17. innomiuata 121

18. semilunaris 121

19. ciliata 121

20. spinifera 122

21. trispinosa 122

22. annulata 122

4. llerentia 122, 148

1. llyndmanni 122

2. insignis 123

3. linearis 123

4. biforis 123

5. Escbarina 123, 148

1. Ballii 124

2. ansata 124

3. unicornis 124

4. coccinea 124

6. Escharella 125, 148

1. immersa 125

2. violacea 125

3. variolosa 125

7. Biscopora 126, 148

1. verrucosa 126

2. bispinosa 126

8. Eschara '. 126, 148

1. foliacea 126

2. fascialis 127

9. Porella 127, 148

1. cervicornis 127

10. Celleporina 128, 148

1. Hassaliii 128

LIST OF SPECIES.

Xlll

Page

11. Celleporella 128, 148

1. hyalina 128

12. Cellepora 129

1. pumicosa 129

2. raraulosa 129

3. Skenei 130

4. la:vis 130

5. vitrina 130

13. Retepora 130

1. reticulata 130

14. Salicornaria 131

1. farciminoides 131

2. sinuosa 132

Fam. 8. Scupariad.-e. 132, 147

1. Scuparia 132

1. chelata 132

2. vEtea 133, 151

1. Anguina 133, 151

3. Gemellaria 133

1. loriculata 134

4. Salpingia 149

1. Hassallii 149

II. TUBULIPOIUNA. 134, 149

Fam. 9. Crisiadaj. 135, 149
1. Crisia 135

1. eburnea 135

2. geniculata 13G

3. aculeata 136

4. denticulata 136

Page

2. Falcaria 136

1. cornuta 137

2. setacea 137

Fam. 10. Tubuliporidje. 137

1. Tubulipora 137

1. verrucaria 137

2. hispida 138

3. peuicillata 139

4. hyalina 139

2. Phalangella 139, 149

1. Phalangea 139

2. flabellaris 139

3. Coronopora 140, 149

1. truncata 140

4. Obelia 140

1. serpens 140

2. deflexa 141

3. lobulata 141

5. Idmonea 141

1. atlantica 141, 151

6. Alecto 142

1. granulata 142

2. major 142

3. dilatans 142

4. gracilis 142

7. Berenicea 142

1. hyalina 142

8. Pustulipora 143

1. proboscidea 143

R’fr' «=.

LIST OF BRITISH RADIATA.

Subkingdom IV. CENTRONICS.

Centronix, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1841, 131 ; 1842 ; Austen,
Ann. and Mag. N. H. x. 106, 1842.

Vermes zoophyta, V. lithophyta and V. mollusea pars, Linn. S.N.
Animaux apathiques, part., Lam. Ext. du Cour, 1812.

Les Zoophytes ou Animaux Rayonnes, Cuv. Reg. Anim. 1817-
Actinozoaires (Actinozoa), Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. 1830.
Acephala.Actinozoaet Phytodozoa, Latr. Fam. Reg. Anim. 1825.
Les Zoophytes, Cuv. Tab. Elem. 640, 1708.

Phytozoa and Cyclozoa, Eichw. Zool. Spec. 1829.

Radiaires and Polypes, Lamk. Syst. 341, 367-
Radiata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 472; Phil. Zool.

Sect. 1. ECIIINODERMATA.

Centronia, Pallas, Misc. Zool. (73, 74) 153, 1766.
Echinodermes, Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 643, 1798; R. Anim. 1817 ;
Latr. Fam. R. Anim. 1825.

Radiaires echinodermes, Lamk. Syst. 343, 1801 ; Ext. du Cour,
1812.

Cirrhodermaires, Blainv. Diet. Sci. NatAx. 1830.

Cyclozoa echinoderma, Eichw. Zool. Spec. 222, 1829.
Echinodermata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 472, 473 ; Gray, Syn. Brit.
Mus. 1840.

Class I. DITREMATA.

Ditremata, Gray, Syn. B. Mus. 1840.
Echinus and Holothuria, Linn.-, Cuvier.
Echinides, Lamk. Syst. 348, 1801.

A

BRITISH RADIATA.

Order I. ECHINIDA.

Echinus, Linn.

Centroniae, Hill, Hist. Anim. 196, 1/52.

Les Echinides, Lam. Ext. du Cour, 1812 ; Blainv. Diet. Sci.
Nat. lx. 178 (1830); Desmoulin, Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. vii.
1835.

Les Oursins, Cuvier, Tab. Elern. 64 7, 1798; Beg. Anim. 1817-
Les Echinoides (Echinoida), Latr. Fam. R. A. 1825.

Echini, Eichw. Zool. Spec. 228, 1829.

Echinida, Macleay, Horee Ent. ii. 116; Gray, Ann. Philos, x. 1825.
Echinidae, Flem. Brit. Anim. 473, 474.

Cirri-Spinigrada, E. Forbes, Brit. Starf. 15, 1841.

Adelostella, Austen, Ann. and Mag. N. H. x. Ill, 1842.

Fam. 1. Cidaridje.

Cidaris, Flem. B. A. 477-

Cidaridae, Gray, Ann. Pkil.x. 1825; Syn.B.M. 1840; 1842, 115.
Cidarites, Agassis, Prod, Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 305.

1. Cidaris.

Cidaris, Klein-, Flem. B. AA77 ; Gray, Ann. Phil. x. 1825.
Cidarites, Larnk. 1816 ; Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 214; Agassiz,
Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 305.

1. Cidaris papillata.

Echinus cidaris, Linn. F. Suec. 513; Nilsson, Z. Scand. 11.

E. cidaris? var. a, Sow. Brit. Misc. t. 44.

Cidaris papillata, Leske ; Klein, Echid. 125. t. 7- a. & t. 39. f. 2 ;
Fleming, Brit. Anim. 477 ; Forbes, Brit. Starf. 146, fig. bad ;
Desmoul. ; Duben and Koren, K. Vet. Alcad. Hand. 1844, 255.
t. 9. f. 25-30, life.

C. Hystrix, Sars, Besk. 40 ; not Lamk.

C. borealis, Duben and Koren, Ofr. K. Vet. Akad, Fork. 1844,
114.

Piper, Zetlanders.

Inhab. North Sea.

Fam. 2. Echinidae.

Echinus, Lamk. 1801. 1816.

Echinus, sp. Linn, & c.

Cidarites part., Agassiz, Prod, Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 304.

Echinidae, Gray, Ann. Phil. x. 1825; Synop. Brit. Mus. 1842,
115; Austen, Ann. and Mag. N. H. x. 111. 1842.

BRITISH RADIATA.

3

1. Echinus.

Echinus, Lamk. 1801; Gray, Ann. Phil. x. 1825; Agassiz,
Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 307 ; Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 207 ;
Fleming, B.A. 478.

Echinus, sp. Linn. ; Lamk. 1816.

Echinus a, Flem. Brit. Anim. 478 ; Duben and Koren, Z. B. 264.

1. Echinus Flemingii.

Echinus Flemingii, Ball; Forbes, Brit. Starf. 164. fig. (dry);
Agassiz, l. c. 11V; Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidrag. 267. t. 9.
f. 31, 32 (alive).

E. miliaris, Flem. B. A. 478; Wern. Mem. ii. 246; not Gmelin.
a, b. Adult. Falmouth. W. P. Cocks, Esq.

2. Echinus esculentus.

E. marinus, List. An. ii. 169. t. 3. fig. 18 ; Borlase, Cornw. 278.
t. 28. fig. 27.

Echinus esculentus, Linn. Mus. L. U. 705 ; F. Suec. and S. N. ;
Pennant, Brit. Zool. iv. 67- fig. 74; Flem. B. A. 478; Duben
and Koren, K. Vet. Akad. Hand. 1844, 264 ; Lamk. Syst. (1801)
346.

E. sphicra, Muller, Prod. 235; Gmelin, 3169 ; Forbes, Brit. St.
149.

“ E. globiformis, Lamk. Hist. ii. 44 ; ” fide Agassiz.

“ E. aurantiacus, Blainv. 1” fide Agassiz.

E. melo, Lamk. Hist. ii. 44.

a. Frith of Forth. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.

b, c, d. Frith of Forth. Presented bv W. E. Leach, M.D.
e. Falmouth. Presented by W. P. Cocks, Esq.

/, g, h. Series of half-grown and young. Frith of Forth.
i,j,k. Series of young. Whiting Bay, Isle of Arrau. Rev.
D. Landsborough.

I, m, n. With the spines. Ilfracombe. Presented by J. E.
Gray, Esq.

3. Echinus miliaris.

Cidaris miliaris saxatilis, Leske, 82. t. 2. figs, a, b, c, d. t. 38.

figs. 2, 3; cop. E. M. t. 133. figs. 1,2. a, b.

Echinus miliaris, Gmelin, S. N. ; Lamk. H. ii. 49, ed. 2. iii. 367 ;

Blainv. Man. Act. 227 ; Forbes, Brit. Starf. 161. fig.

E. saxatilis, Muller, Prod. n. 2847.

a. Adult. Isle of Man. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.

b, c,d. Young. Isle of Man. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq..

a 2

4

BRITISH RADIATA.

4. Echinus lividus.

Echinus lividus, Lamk. H. ii. 50, ed. 2. 367 ; Blainv. Man. Act.

228 ; Bennett, Linn. Trans, xv. ; Forbes, Brit. Star f. 167- fig.
E. lithopliagus, Leach, Wern. Mem. ; Tilloch, Phil. Mag. xxxix.
100.

a. Small, in holes in Nullipora. Cork. John Humphreys,
Esq.

b. Cork. Presented by A. G. Melville, M.D.

2. Echinometra.

Echinometra, Gray, Ann. Phil. x. 1825, 4 ; Agassiz, Ann. Nat.

Hist. i. 306; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 205, 1830.
Echinometra, sp. Breyn. Echin. 1732; Van Phelsum.

Echinus, sp. Linn. ; Lamk. 1816.

Echinus /3, Flem. Brit. Anim. 479; Duben and Koren, 276.

1. Echinometra Drobachensis.

Echinus Drobachensis, Muller, Prod. 235.

Echinus neglectus, Lamk. H. ii. 49, edit. 2. iii. 366 ; E. M. 1. 133.
fig. 3 . a,b ; Forbes, Brit. Star f. 172. fig. ; Agassiz, iv. ; Duben
and Koren, Zool. Bidrag. 277.

E. lividus, var. Blainv. Man. Act. 226.

E. saxatilis, Nilsson, Z. Scand. 9 ; not Muller nor Linn.

E. esculentus, Sv. Zool. vui. t. 48. fig. a (good), b; Oersd. Regio
Mar. 70.

E. subangularis, Flem. Brit. Anim. 479; Klein, t. 2. fig. F. t. 3.
figs, a, b.

a. Shetland. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.

b. In spirits. Presented by A. G. Melville, M.D.

Fam. 3. Scutellid^.

Scutellidae, Gray, Ann. Phil. x. 1825, 5 ; Synop. Brit. Mus. 1840 ;
1842, 115.

Clypeastres, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 302.

Echin. paracentrostoines dentes, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 195.

1, Echinarachnius.

Echinarachnius, Leslce; Klein, E chid. ; Fleming, Brit. An. 479;

Gray, Ann. Phil. x. 1825, 6 ; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. N. H. i. 304
Scutella, sp. Lamk. Hist. ii. 11, 1816.

Echinodiscus, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 199.

Lagena, sp. Blainv. Diet, Sci. Nat. lx. 199.

BRITISH RADIATA.

O

1. Echinarachnius placenta.

Echinarachnius, Leske; Klein, t. 20. fig. a, b ; cop. E. M. t. 143.
figs. 11, 12.

Echinarachnius placenta, Flem. Brit. An. 479; Gray, Ann. Phil.

6; Agassiz, Prod.', Forbes, Brit. Star f. 1 78. figs. 178, 181.
Echinus placenta, Gmelin, S. N.

Scutella placenta, Lamk. H. iii. 11, edit. 2. iii. 283; Desmoid.
Echid. 228.

Echinodiscus placenta, Blainv. Die. S. N. lx. 199 ; Man. Act. 218.
Inhab. Zetland.

2. Echinocyamus.

Echinocyamus, Leske; Klein, Echid.; Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825,
6; Fleming, Brit. An. 481, 1828; Blainv. Diet. S. N. lx. 195.
Fibularia, Lamk. Hist. 1816; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. N. H. i. 303.
Echinoneus, sp. Goldfuss.

1. Echinocyamus pusillus.

Spatangus pusillus, Muller, Zool. Dan. 18. t. 91. figs. 5, 6.
Echinocyamus pusillus, Flem. Brit. An. 481 ; Forbes, Brit. Starf.
175. fig.; Gray, Ann. Phil. x. ; Agassiz, Monog. Scut. t. 27-
fig. 1-8.

Echinus ovalis depressus. Walker, Test. M. R. 25. t. 3. fig. 88.
Ovulum marinum, Borlase, Cornw. t. 28. fig. 26.

Echinus perexiguus, Pet. Gaz. t. 31. fig. 10.

Echinus minutus, Gmelin, S. N. 3194.

Echinocyamus minutus, Blainv. M. Act. 214.

Eibularia ovulum, Lamk. ; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 193.

F. tarentina, Lamk.

F. angulosa, Deslongchamps.
a, b, c, d. A series. Kent.

e,f. “ Fibularia pusilla.” Berwick on Tweed. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

g, h. With spine, green. Arran. Rev. D. Landsborougli.

Fam. 4. Spatangid^e.

Spatangidae, Gray, Ann. Phil. x. 1825, 9.

Spatangi, Agassiz, Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 300, 1838.

Spatangus and Anachitis, Lamk. Syst. i. 347.

Echinides excentrostomes, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 185, 1830.

1. Spatangus.

Spatangus, Klein ; Agassiz and Desor, Ann. Sc. Nat. 1847 ; Gray,
Ann. Phil. x. 1825,8; Agassiz, Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 301 (1838).
Spatangus b, Fleming, Brit. An. 481.

Spatangus c, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 185.

Echinospatangus, Breyn.

6

BRITISH RADIATA.

1. Spatangus purpureus.

Spatangus purpureus, Muller, Prod. ii. 2850, Zool. Dan. t. 6 ;
Leske, Klein, 235. t. 43. figs. 3, 5, cop. E. M. 1. 157- figs. 1,4;
Lamk. H. iii. 29, edit. 2. iii. 324 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 489 ;
Gray, Ann. Phil. x. 1825 ; Blainv. M. Act. 202. 1. 14. figs. 1,
2,3; Forbes, Brit. Star -f. 182. figs. 182, 186; Duben and
Koren, Zool. Bidrag. 285. 47; Agassiz and Desor, Ann. Sc.
Nat. 1847, 6; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 184.
a, b. Adult. Coast of England.

c. Half-grown. Irish Sea. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.
2. Echinocardium.

Amphidetus, Agassiz, Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 301, 1838 ; Agassiz and
Desor, Ann. Sc. Nat. 11, 1847-
Amphidotus, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 190.

Echinocardium, Van Phelsuml ; Gray, Ann. Phil. x. 1825.
Spatangus a, Fleming, Brit. An. 480, 1829.

Spatangus E, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 185.

1. Echinocardium cordatus.

Echinus Spatangus, Merret, 192; Borlase, Cornw. 2/8. t. 28.

fig. 28; Lister, App. t. 1. fig. 13.

Echinus cordatus, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 69. t. 34. fig. 75.
Spatangus cordatus, Flem. Brit. An. 480.

Amphidotus cordatus, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 190. fig.

Amphidetus cordatus, Agassiz ; Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidrag.

285; Agassiz and Desor, Ann. Sc. Nat. 1847, 11.

Spatangus pusillus, Leske-, Klein, 230. t. 24. fig. c, d, e. t. 38.
fig. 5 (not Muller).

Echinocardium pusillum, Gray, Ann. Phil. x. 1825.

Amphidetus pusillus, Agassiz.

Echinus pusillus, Gmelin, S. N. 3193.

Sp. lacunosus, Muller, Zool. Dan. i. 19, 20 (not Linn.).

Sp. flavescens, Abildg. Zool. Dan. t. 91 (not Muller, Prod.) ;
Oersd. Reg. Mar. 81.

Sp. arcuarius, Lamk. H. iii. 31, edit. 2. iii. 328; Blainv. M. Act.

201 ; Desmoul.-, Gold. Pet. Germ. t. 48. fig. 1.

Amphidetus Goldfussii, Agassiz.

a, b. Adult and young, with spines. Coast of England.
Presented by Mrs. Mauger.

c, d, e. Adult, without spines. Melton sands. G. Mon-
tague, Esq.

2. Echinocardium ovatum.

Spatangus ovatus, Leske ; Klein, 252. t. 49. figs. 12, 13 ; Fleming.
Brit. An. 480 ; Blainv. Zooph. ; Desmoul. ; Agassiz (not
Lamk. nor Blainv.).

BRITISH RADIATA.

7

Amphidetus ovatus, Agassiz; Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidrag.

283. t. 10. fig. 50 ; Agassiz and Desor, Ann. Sc. Nat. 1847, 12.
Spatangus flavescens, Muller, Prod. 235, Zool. Dan. i. 19, 20,
(not Abildg. Zool. Dan.); Sars, Besk. 40, 46.

Amphidotus roseus, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 194. fig. 194, 196.
Amphidetus ovatus, var. minor, Agassiz and Desor, Ann. Sc. Nat.
1847, 12; Seba, iii. t. 15. figs. 27, 29; cop. E. M. t. 159.
figs. 5, 6.

a, b. Dry. Coast of Northumberland. Presented by A. G.
Melville, M.D.

3. Brissiopsis.

Brissiopsis, Agassiz ; Agassiz and Desor, Ann. Sc. Nat. 1847, 14.
Brissus, sp. E. Forbes, Brit. Starf. 187-
Tripylus, sp. Philippi, Ericks. Arch. 1846.

1. Brissiopsis lyrifera.

Brissus lyrifer, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 187. fig- 187 ; Duben and
Koren, Zool. Bidrag. 280. t. 10. fig. 46.

Brissiopsis lyrifera, Agassiz and Desor, Ann. Sc. Nat. 1847, 15.

a. Adult, llothsay Bay, Isle of Man. Presented by Ed-
ward Forbes, Esq.

b. Inspirits. Shetland. Presented by A. G. Melville, M.D.

Order II. IIOLOTIIURIDA.

Fistulides,L«m&. Syst . 345,351; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i.
297.

Fistulida, Macleay, Horce Ent. ii. 116; Gray, Ann. Phil. 182.
Fistulida;, Fleming, Brit. Anim. 483, 1828.

Cirrhi-Vermigrada, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 15, 1841.

Ascidiastella, Austen, Ann. and Mag. N. H. x. 108, 1842.

Fam. 1. Holothuridas.

Ilolothuridre, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 118.

1. Thyone.

Thvone, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 1815; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat.
Hist. i. 298.

Mulleria, sp. Fleming, Brit. Anim. 1828 (not Jaeger nor Agassiz).
Phyllophorus, Grube.

1. Thyone fusus.

Ilolothuria fusus, Muller, Zool. Dan. t. 10. figs. 5, 6 (not
Chiaje).

Synapta? fusus, Jaeger.

8

BRITISH RADIATA.

Thyone fusus, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 298 ; Duben and
Koren, Zool. Bidr. .308. t. 11. fig. 52. t. 5. figs. 42—48 ; Korea,
Nyt. Mag. Natwrv. iv. 203. t. 1 (anat.).

Mulleria fusus, Flem. Brit. Anim. 484.

Holothuria papillosa, Abild. Zool. Dan. t. 108. fig. 3, cop. E. M.
t. 80. figs. 5, 6; Blainv. Man. Act. 193. t. 13. fig. 2.

Synapta? papillosa, Jaeger, Hoi.

Thyone papillosa, Oken, Lehrb. ; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist.
i. 298 ; Forbes, Brit. Starf. 233. figs. 233, 235.

Mulleria papillosa, Johnst. Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 584. fig. 66.

Holothuria penicillus, Muller, Zool. Dan. t. 10. fig. 4 (the cal-
careous ring of the mouth) (not Chiaje).

Pentacta penicillus, Jaeger.

Inhab. Berwick Bay. Ireland.

2. Thyone Raphanus.

Thyone Raphanus, Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidr. 311. n. 56.
t. 11. fig. 58. t. 5. figs. 49-55 ; Thomp. Ann. Nat. Hist. 1847,
xx. 176.

Inhab. Ireland, Thompson.

2. Holothuria.

Holothuria, sp. Linn. S. N. ; Cuvier ; Jaeger.

Holothuria, Lamk. Sys. 351, 1801 ; Blainv. ; Duben and Koren .
Zool. Bidr. 318.

Fistularia, sp. Lamk. Hist. ii. 1816.

Slelenota, Brandt, Prod.

1. Holothuria nigra.

Nigger or Cotton Spinner, Couch, Ann. 8f Mag. N. H. xv. 171.
t. 14.

Inhab. Cornwall.

Fam. 2. Cuvieriad^e.

Cuvieriadae, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 118.

1. PsOLUS.

Psolus, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 1815.

P. Phantopus, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 298, 1838;
Jaeger, Hoi.

Cuvieria, sp. Flem. Brit. Anim. 492; Duben and Koren, 312;
Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx.

BRITISH RADIATA.

9

. 1. Psolus phantopus.

Holothiiria phantopus, Strusfenfeldt, Act. Holm. 1765, 256.
t. 10; Linn. S. N. 1089; Muller, Prod, n.2803; Zool. Dan.
t. 112. figs. 1, 2, 3, cop. E. M. t. 86. figs. 1, 3; Lamk. Hist.
iii. 73, edit. 2. iii. 440.

Cuvieria phantopus, Flem. Brit. Anim. 493; Johnst. Mag. Nat.
Hist. ix. 472. fig. 86; Blainv. Man. Act.-, Duben and Koren,
Zool. Bidr. 313. n. 57-

Psolus phantopus, Jaeger, Holoth. 2, Brandt, Prod. ; Agassiz,
Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 299 ; Forbes, Brit. Star f. 203. fig.
Ascidia rustica, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 48. t. 33. fig. 35.

a. In spirits. North Sea.

b, c. Dry, stuffed. Northumberland.

2. Psolinus.

Psolinus, E. Forbes and Goodsir, Brit. Star f. 217-
1. Psolinus brevis.

Holothuria brevis, Forbes and Goodsir, Athenccum, n. 618.
Psolinus brevis, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 207. fig-
Inhab. Shetland.

Fam. 3. PentactidjE.

Pentactidae, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 118.

1. Pentacta.

Pentacta, Goldfuss; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 299.
Cucumaria, Cuvier-, Jaeger-, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 227; Blainv.
Dactylota, Brandt.

Ochnus, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 229.

Holothuria, Flem. Brit. Anim. 482.

1. Pentacta frondosa.

Holothuria frondosa, Gunner, Act. Stock. 1767, t. 4. figs. 1, 2,
cop. E. M. t. 85. figs. 7, 8; O. Fab. F. Green. 353; Muller,
Prod. n. 2802; Lamk. Hist. iii. 73, edit. 2. iii. 439.

Cuvieria frondosa, Blainv.

Pentacta frondosa, Jaeqer, Hoi. 12; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat.
Hist. i. 299.

Dactylota frondosa, Brandt.

Cucumaria frondosa, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 209. fig. ; Duben and
Koren, Zool. Bidr. 293. n. 48. t. 4. fig. 1.

Holothuria pentacta, Abild. Zool. Dan. t. 108. figs. 1, 2. t. 124 ;

Vahl. Zool. Dan. t. 123, 127 ; Sars, Besk. 40.

Holothuria grandis, Forbes and Goodsir, Athenceum, n. 618 ; not
Brandt.

a 5

10 BRITISH RADIATA.

Hol. fucicola, Forbes and Goodsir, Athenaeum, n. 618.
Cucumaria fucicola, Forbes, Brit. Star f. 227. fig. young.

? Cucumaria pentacta, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 213. fig.

? Holothuria brunneus, Forbes MSS.-, Thornp.Ann.Nat. H. 1S40.
? Ochnus brunneus, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 229. fig.

a, b. In spirits. Shetland. Presented by A. G. Melville, M.D.

2. Pentacta fusiformis.

Holothuria fusiformis, Forbes and Goodsir, Athenaeum, n. 618.
Cucumaria fusiformis, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 219. fig.

Inhab. Shetland.

3. Pentacta Hyndmanni.

Holothuria Hyndmanni, Thompson, Ann. SfMag. Nat. Hist. 1840,

v. 100.

Cucumaria Hyndmanni, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 225. fig. (“bad,”
Duben); Duben and Koren, Zool.Bidr. 299. 51. t. 11. fig. 56.
t. 4. figs. 8-14.

a. In spirits. Presented by A. G. Melville, M.D.

4. Pentacta lactea.

Holothuria lactea, Forbes and Goodsir, Athenaeum, n. 618.
Ochnus lacteus, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 231. fig. (“had,” Duben).
Cucumaria lactea, Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidr. 297- 50. t. 1 1 .
fig. 55. t. 4. figs. 3-7.

a. In spirits. Presented by A. G. Melville, M.D.

5. Pentacta pentactes.

Holothuria pentactes, Muller, Prod. 2806 ; Zool. Dan. t. 31 . fig. 8 ;
Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 51. t. 26. fig. 41 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 482 ;
Lam. Hist. iii. 73, 2nd edit. iii. 441.

Pentacta pentactes, Jaeger, Hol. 12; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat.
Hist. i.

Cucumaria pentactes, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 213. fig. 9.

Var. ? IIol. dicquemarii, Cuvier; Forbes, loc. cit. 215.

Hydra corallifera, Gaertner, Phil. Trans. 1761, 75. t. 1, b. fig. 3,
a, b.

Hol. Gaertneri, Blainv. Man. Act. 195.

Holothuria communis, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus.

a, b, c. d. In spirits. “ Hol. communis, Leach.” South
coast of Devon. Mus. Leach.
e,f. Inspirits. “ Hol. areuata,” Leach. Devon. G. .Mon-
tague, Esq. Mus. Leach.

g. Small, in spirits. Torquay. J. R. Griffith, Esq.

h, i, j. Small, in spirits. Holothuria viridis, Leach, MSS.
,S. coast of Devon. G. Montague, Esq. May be a species?.

BRITISH RADIATA.

11

6. Pentacta Montagui.

Holothuria Montagui, Flem. Brit Anim. 483; Leach, Brit. Mus.

H. pentactes, var., Mont. Linn. Trans, ix. 112. t. 7- fig- 4 ; Forbes,
Brit. Star f. 215. fig.

a. Melton sands. G. Montague, Esq. Mus. Leach.

b. IIol. decollata, Leach. S. Devon. G. Montague, Esq.
Mus. Leach.

/. Pentacta Neillii.

Holothuria Neillii, Flem. Brit. Anim. 483.

Hoi. pentactes, var. Forbes, Brit. Star f. 228.

Hoi. Scotica, Leach, Brit. Mus.

6 a. In spirits. Frith of Forth. P. Neill, Esq. Mus. Leach.

8. Pentacta dissimilis.

Holothuria dissimilis, Flem. Brit. Anim. 483.

IIol. pentactes, var. Forbes, Brit. Starf. 228.

Inhab. Leith, Coldstream.

2. Thyronidium.

Thyronidium, Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidr. 1844.

Pentacta, sp. Jaeger ; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. 299.
Daetylota, sp. Brandt.

Cucumaria and Thyone, sp., Forbes, Brit. Starf.

Holothuria, sp. Mont. ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 483.

I. Thyronidium pellucidum.

Holothuria pellucida, Vahl, Zool. Dan. t. 135 (“ bad,” Duben) ;

Flem. Brit. Anim. 483 ; Forbes and Goodsir, Athenceum, n. 518.
Pentacta pellucida, Jaeger ; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 299.
Daetylota pellucida, Brandt.

Thyronidium pellucidum, Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidr. 303.
1. 11. fig. 57- t. 4. figs. 15, 17-

Cucumaria hyalina, Forbes, B. Starf. 221. fig. (“good,” Duben).
Pentacta pentactes, Oersd. loc. cit. 74 (not Linnaeus).

Inhab. Shetland, Fleming.

2. Thyronidium Drummondi.

Holothuria Drummondi, Thomp. Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, v. 100.
Cucumaria Drummondi, Forbes, B. Starf. 223. fig.

Cucumaria communis, Forbes and Goodsir ; Forbes, Brit. Starf.

217. fig.

Thyronidium commune, Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidr. 305. t. 1 1 .
fig. 51. t. 4. fiirs. 18-23.

12

BRITISH KADIATA.

Thyone Portlockii, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 238.

? Hoi. fusus, Oersd. loc. cit. 74?.

? a, b. In spirits. “ Holotliuria verrucata,” Leach, MSS.
B.M. S. Devon and Falmouth. J. Cranch, Esq. Mus.
Leach.

Fam. 4. Synaptid^e.

Synaptidse, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 118.

1. Synapta.

Synapta, Eschscholtz, Atlas, 1833; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat.
Hist.i. 298.

Fistularia, sp. Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 1830 (not Lamk. 1816).
Tiedemannia, Leuckart.

Holotliuria D, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 1830.

Pentacta, sp. Jaeger.

Dactylota, sp. Brandt.

Mulleria, sp. Flem.Brit. Anim. 484, 1828.

Chirodota, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 239.

1. Synapta inherens.

Holotliuria inhaerens, Muller, Zool. Dan. t. 31. figs. 1, 7 ; Sars,
Besk. 40.

Cucumaria inherens, Cuvier.

Pentacta inherens, Jaeger.

Dactylota inherens, Brandt.

Synapta inherens, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 298; Duben
and Koren, Zool. Bidr. 322. t. 5. figs. 56-62.

Ilolothuria digitata, Mont. Linn. Trans, xi. 22. t. 4. fig. 6 ; Blainv.
Man. Actinol. 194.

Fistularia digitata, Lamk. Hist. iii. 76, 2nded. iii. 448.

Mulleria digitata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 484.

Chirodota digitata, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 239. fig.

Synapta Duvemaea, Quatref ages, Ann. Sc. Nat. xvii. (1842)?.
a, b. In spirits. Mus. Leach.

c. Fragment of body, iu spirits. S. Devon. G. Montague,
Esq. Mus. Leach.

d. Fragments, in spirits. “ Jemania Crancliiana,” Leach,
MSS. Brit. Mus. South Devon. J. Cranch, Esq.

e. Fragment of head. “ Jemania Montagui,” Leach, MSS.
Brit. Mus. S. Devon. G. Montague, Esq.

2. Synapta Henslowana.

Jemania Henslowana, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus. 1819.

a. In spirits. Aberystwith. Rev. John Henslow. May
be the young of the preceding.

BRITISH RAD1ATA.

13

Fam. 5. Sipunculid.®.

Sipunculidae, Gray, Spic. Zool. 1828; Syn. Brit. Mus. 1840;
1842, 118.

Vermigrada, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 15, 1841.

Vermistella, Austen, Ann. fy May. N. H. x. 112, 1842.

1. Sipunculus.

Sipuncidus, Linn.; Lamk. Syst. 352; Leuckart ; Flern. Brit.
Anim. 491.

Syrinx, Bohadsch ; Forbes, Brit. Starf. 245.

1. Sipunculus nudus.

Syrinx, Bohadsch, Ann. Mar. 93. t. 7- figs. 6, 7-
Sipunculus nudus, Linn. S. N. 12th edit. 1078 ; Gmelin, S. N.
3094 ? ; Flern. Brit. Anim. 491 ; Gray, Spic. Zool. 8 ; Lamk.
Hist. 2nd edit. ii. 469; Leuckart, Breves Animal. Desc. 20. 1. 1.
fig. 3.

Syrinx nudus, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 245. fig.

Sip. balanophorus, Chiaje, Mem. i. t. 22. fig. 1.

Syrinx tessellatus, Rafinesque, Precis, 82.

Sipunculus reticulatus, Martin, Obs. M. Worms, 1786, 6. n. 3.
t. 1. fig. 3.
a. In spirits.

2. Sipunculus papillosus.

Sipunculus papillosus, Thomp. Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 101 (1840).
Syrinx papillosus, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 247. fig-
Inhab. Clare, Ireland.

3. Sipunculus macrorhynchopterus.

Vermis macrorhynchopterus, Rondel, Zooph. 1 10.

Siphunculus nudus (Naked tube Worm), Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 36.

t. 20. fig. 10.

Inhab. .

4. Sipunculus Ilarveii.

Syrinx Harveii, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 249. fig.

Inhab. Devonshire.

5. Sipunculus Stromhi.

Sipunculus Stromhi, Mont. Linn. Trans, vii. 74 ; Flem. Brit. An.

491 ; Gray, Spic. Zool. 8. t.6. fig. 1.

? S. clavatus, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat.

Sipunculus Dentalii, Gray, Spic. Zool. 8. t.

S. Bernhardus, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 251. tig.
a, b. In spirits. Devonshire.

14

BRITISH RADIATA.

6. Sipunculus Joknstoni.

Siplnmculus Johnstonii, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 254. fig.

Inhab. Berwick, Johnston.

7. Sipunculus saccatus.

Sipunculus nudus, Martin, Obs. Mar. Anim. 1786, 4. n. 2. t. 1.
fig. 2. a, b, c.

S. saccatus, Flem. Brit. Anim. 491 ; Mont. Linn. Trans, vii. 75.
Inhab. Teignmouth, Martin.

8. Sipunculus tenuicinctus.

Syrinx tenuicinctus, M‘Coy, Ann. Mag. N. H. xv. 273. t. 16. f. 4.
Inhab. Ireland.

.9. Sipunculus Forbesii.

Syrinx Forbesii, M‘Coy, Ann. <$• Mag. N. H. xv. 273. t. 16. fig. 3.
Inhab. Ireland.

10. Sipunculus granulosa.

Syrinx granulosa, M‘Coy, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. xv. 272. 1. 16. f. 2.
Inhab. Roundstone Bay.

2. Phascolosoma.

Phascolosoma, Leuckart, Breves Anim. Desc.

1. Phascolosoma Pallasii.

Sipunculus, Pallas, Misc. Zool. t. 4. figs. 7, 8, 9; cop. Forbes,
Brit. Starf. 255. fig.

Inhab. Coast of Sussex.

3. Priapulus.

Priapulus, Lamk. Hist. iii. 76, 1816, 2nd edit. in. 467 ; Flem.

Brit. Anim. 491, 1828 ; Forbes, Brit. Starf. 256.

Priapules, Lamarck, Ext. du Cour, 38, 1812 ; Cuvier, Reg. Anim.
iv. 24, 1817.

Holothuria, sp. Linn., 0. Fab., Muller.

1. Priapulus caudatus.

Holothuria priapus, Linn. S. N. 1091 ; 0. Fab. F. Green. 355 ;

Muller, Prod. n. 2807 ; Zool. Dan. t. 94. fig. 1. t. 135. fig. 2.
Priapulus caudatus, Flem. Brit. Anim. 491 ; Lam. Hist. iii. 76,
2nd edit. iii. 467 ; Forbes, Brit. Starf. 256. fig.

P. hibemicus, M‘Coy, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. xv. 27 2. t. 16. f. 1.
a. In spirits. Old collection.

BRITISH RADIATA.

15

4. Thalassema.

Tkalassema, Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 1798 ; R. Anim. 2nd edit. lii. 244,
not 1st edit. ; Lamk. Syst. 329, 1801 ; Forbes, Brit. Starf. 259 ;
Mont. Linn. Trans, xi.

Lumbricus, sp. Linn.

1. Thalassema rupium.

Lumbricus Thalassema, Pallas, Spic. Zool. x. t.l. fig. 6, cop. E.M.

t. 35. figs. 3-7 ; Gmelin, S. N. 3084.

Thalassema rupium, Lam. Syst. (1801), 329.

Th. mutatoria. Montag. Linn. Trans, xi. 24. t. 5. fig. 2.

Tli. Neptuni, Gaertner ; Forbes, Brit. Starf. 259. figs. 259, 262;
Cuvier, Reg. Anim. 2nd edit. iii. 244.
a, b. In spirits. S. coast of Devon. G. Montague, Esq.
Mus. Leach.

c, d, e. In spirits. S. coast of Devon. Presented by J. E.
Gray, Esq.

5. Echiurus.

Echiuras, Echiures, Cuvier, Reg. Anim. 2nd edit. iii. 224; Forbes,
Brit. Starf. 263 ; M. Edw. Reg. Anim. Zooph. t. 22.
Thalassema, Cuvier, Bull. desSci.; Reg. Anim. 1st edit. ii. 529;

Savig. Sys. Annel. 102, 1820.

Thalassema ft Cuvier, Reg. Anim. 2nd edit. iii. 224.

1. Echiurus oxyurus.

Lumbricus oxyurus, Pallas, Misc. Zool. 146. t. 11. figs. 1, 6.
Lumbricus echiurus, Pallas, Spic. Zool. x. 1. 1. figs. 1, 5.
Thalassema echiurus, Cuvier, Reg. Anim. ii. 529, 2nd edit. ; Lamk.

Hist. v. 301, 2nd edit. v. 533; Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lvii. 499,
Th. aquatica, Leach, Ency. Brit. Supp. i. 451.

Th. vulgaris, Savig. Sys. Annel. 102, 1820.

Echiurus vulgaris, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 263. f. 263, 266, 267 ;

M. Edw. Reg. Anim. Zooph. t. 22.

Inhab. St. Andrews, E. Forbes.

Class II. HYPOSTOMA.

Hypostoma, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 18; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
Nov. 1840, 177-

Stellerides, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. 1838, i. 440.
Asteriadse, Flem. Brit. Anim. 485.

Asterida, Muller and Troschel, Asteriden, i. 1842.

16

BRITISH RADIATA.

Order I. ASTEROIDA.

Asteroida, Gray, Syn. B.Mus Ann. fyMag.N.H. Nov. 1840, 178.
Stellerides, Lamk. Syst. 345; Ext. du Cour, 25, 1812.
Stellerida, Macleay, Hora Ent. ii. 116; Gray, Ann. Phil. x. 1825.
Stellata, Eichw aid, Zool. i. Spec. 224, 1829.

Stelleridea, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 214.

Asteriae, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 440, 1838 ; Muller and
Troschel, Aster. 7, 1842.

Asterias, Flem. Brit. Anim. 483.

Cirrigrada, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 14, 1841.

Lobistella, Austen, Ann. Sf Mag. N. H. x. 108, 1842.

Fam. 1. Asteriad/E.

Asteriadse, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1840, 62; Ann. fy Mag. Nat.
Hist. 1840, 178; Forbes, Wern. Trans, viii. 1, ined.

1. Asterias.

Asterias, sp. Linn.

Asterias, Lamk.Sys. 351, 1801 ; Gray, Ann. fyMag.N.H. 1840, 178.
Asteracanthion, Muller and Troschel, Aster. 14, 1842.

Stellonia, Nardo ; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. 442 ; Forbes,
Wern. Mem. viii. 123.

U raster, Agassiz, MSS. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 442; Forbes, B. Starf. 78.
Pentasterie, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 1830.

1. Asterias rubens.

Asterias rubens, Linn. S. N. 1099; 0. Fab. F. G. 369; Mull.
Prod. 2831 ; Betz. Vet. Akad. Hand. iv. 236 ; Lam. Hist. ii.
562, 2nd edit. iii. 160; Blainv. Man. Act. 239. t. 22. fig. a, B;
Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, 179.

Asteracanthion rubens, Mull, and Trosch. Ast. 17; Duben and
Koren, Zool. Bidr. 241.

Stellonia rubens, Agassiz, Prod.-, Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 121.
Uraster rubens, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 83. figs. 83, 90.

A. glacialis, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 60. n.54 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 487-
A. clatlirata, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 61. n. 55, young.

Linck, t. 7- fig. 9. 1. 11. fig. 15. 1. 14. fig. 23. 1. 15 & 16. fig. 18.
t. 34, 35. fig. 58. t. 40. fig. 70, cop. E. M. t. 92. figs. 3, 4. t. 93.
figs. 1,2.

Tetractis petaloideus, Linck, t. 30. n.50.

Stella coriaceus vulgaris Luidi, Linck, t. 36. n. 61.

abb. Adult. Frith of Forth. Presented by W. E. Leach,
M.D.

e,f,q. (Not in good state.) Frith of Forth. Presented bv
W E. Leach, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATAi

17

2. Asterias violaceus.

Sol. coriaceus planus, Linck, 33. 1. 11. fig. 15.

Asterias rubens violacea, Muller, Zool. Dan. t. 46, cop. E. M.

1. 116. figs. 4, 5.

A. violacea, Gmelin, S. N. 3163. n. 24 ; Blainv. Man. Act. 239 ;
Lam. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 256; Ehrenb. Berl. Trans, xxii. 209.
t. 8. fig. 9.

Uraster violaceus, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 91. fig.

Ast. Holsatica, Retz. Ast. 22 & 26 ; Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840,
179.

Asteracanthion violaceus, Mull, and Trosch. Ast. 16?.

A. minuta, Retz. Diss. 24. jun.?

Asterac. rubens, var. Mull, and Trosch. Ast. 126?.

a. Frith of Forth. Presented by Edward Forbes, Esq.

b. Plymouth Sound. Presented by W. E. Leach, M.D.

c. d. Berwick-on-Tweed. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Asterias glacialis.

Asterias glacialis, Linn. S. N. ; Retz. Diss. 23; Lam. Hist. ii. 261.
n. 26, 2nd edit. iii. 248 ; Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod. n. 2838 ;
Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, 179.

Asteracanthion glacialis, Duben and Korea, Zool. Bidray. 240.
Stellonia glacialis, Nardo, Isis 1834, 716; Ayassiz, Prod.-, Forbes,
Wern. Mem. viii. 123.

Uraster glacialis, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 78. fig.

A. angulosa, Muller, Zool. Dan. ii. t. 41, cop. E.M. t. 99. fig. 1.
Stellonia angulosa, Ayassiz, Prod. 25.

A. echinophora, Chiaje, Mem. ii. 356. t. 18. fig. 5.

? A. Saveresi, Chiaje, Mem.

Sol. echinatus cancellatus, Linck, t. 38, 39. fig. 33, cop. E. M.

1. 117, 118.

Pentadactylosaster spinosus, Linck, 35. t. 4. fig. 7, cop. E.M.
1. 119. figs. 2, 3.

A. spinosa, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 62 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 487, jun.
Stella hibemica echinata, Pet. Gaz. 1. 16. fig. 5.

a, b, c, d. Plymouth Sound. Presented by W. E. Leach,
M.D.

4. Asterias hispida.

Stella coriacea acutangula hispida, Linck, 31. t. 9. fig. 19. t.35.
fig. 39.

Asterias hispida, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 62. t. 30. fig. 58.

I Stellonia hispida, Forbes, Wern. Trans, viii. 123; Brit. Starf. 95,
figs. 95 & 99.

Inhab. Anglesea, Pennant. Isle of Man, Forbes,

18

BRITISH RADIATA.

Fam. 2. Astropectinid^e.

Astropectinidse, Gray, Ann. Sf May. Nat. Hist. 1840, 180.

1. Astropecten.

Astropecten, Linck, de Stellis Mar. t. 27 ; Gray, Ann. <$• Mag.
Nat. Hist. 1840, 180; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 220, 1830;
Mull, and Trosch. Ast. 67.

Asterias, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 441; Forbes, Went.
Trans, viii. 5.

Stellaria, Nardo, Isis 1834, 717 (not Linn.).

1. Astropecten irregularis.

Asterias aurantiaca (or auranciaca?), Muller, Zool. Dan. t. 83;
Prod, n.2831 (not Linn.) ; Lamk. Hist. ii. 563?, 2nd edit. iii.
251 ? ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 486 ; Johnst. Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 299.
fig. 44; Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 118; Brit. Starf. 130. fig.
Astropecten irregularis, Linck, 27. t. 6. fig. 13; Gray, Ann. Nat.
Hist. 1840, 182.

Ast. irregularis, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 61. fig. 57-

Astropecten , Linck, t. 5 & 6. figs. 5 & 13. t. 8. figs. 11, 12.

t. 4. fig. 14. t. 27- fig. 44, cop. E.M. t. 90. figs. 1-5. t. 91.
figs. 1-6.

? Ast. Johnstoni, Chiaje, Mem. ii. 356.

? Stella marina minor, Johnst. Hist. Nat. t. 8. fig. 1 1 .
Astropecten Mulleri, Muller and Trnschel, Wiegm. Arch. x. 1844,
181 ; Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidrag. 24 7.

a. Adult.

b, c. S. coast of England. Presented by A. G. Melville, M.D.

2. Luidia.

Luidia, Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 123, ined. ; Brit. Starf. 135;
Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1840, 183 ; Miill. and Trosch.
Ast. 77, 1841 ; Duben and Koren, K. Veter. Akad. 1844, 113.
Hemicnemis, Miill. and Trosch. MSS. Ast. 77-

1. Luidia Savignii.

Asterias Savignii, Audouin, Savig. Echinod. t.3, 1826.

Luidia Savignyi, Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, 183; Mull, and
Trosch. Ast. 77 ; Duben and Koren. Zool. Bidrag. 254.
Asterias rubens, Johnst. Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 144. fig. 20.

A. pectinata, Couch, Mag. Nat. Hist. n. s. Jan. 1840.

Luidia fragilissima, Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 123; Brit. Starf.
135. fig. ; Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, 183.

7_w *7 Wifinm. Arrli iii 1 Q3

BRITISH RADIATA.

19

Luidia ciliaris. Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, 183.

Astenas n. sp. ?, Sars, Besk. 39.

Luidia Sarsii, Duben and Koran, Ofvers. K. V. Akad. Fork. 1844,

113.

a. Body of very large specimen. Isle of Man. Presented
by Edward Forbes, Esq.

b. A large specimen. Brodick, Arran. Presented by Sir W.
C. Trevelyan, Bart.

c. d. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Solaster.

Solasteries, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 222, 1830.

Solaster, Forbes, IVern. Mem.x iii. 121 ; Brit. Starf. 189 ; Gray,
Ann. § May. Nat. Hist. 1840, 183 ; Miill. and Trosch. Ast. 26.
Stellonia, sp. Nardo, Isis 1834 ; Ayassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i.
442.

Crossaster, Muller and Troschel.

* Endeca, Gray.

1. Solaster Endeca.

Asterias endeca, Linn. S. N. ; Retz. Diss. 26; Latnk. Hist. ii. 5G0,
2nd edit. iii. 247 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 487 ; Sow. Brit. Misc.
49. t. 24 ; Johnst. May. Nat. Hist. ix. 300. fig. 44 ; Linck,
t. 15, 16. fig. 26. t. 17. fig.27, cop. E. M. t. 114, 115.
Stellonia endeca, Nardo, Isis 1834 ; Ayassiz, Prod.

Solaster endeca, Forbes, IVern. Mem. viii. 121 ; Brit. Starf. 109.
fig.; Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidr. 243; Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist.
1840, 183; Miiller and Trosch. Ast. 26.

A. aspera, Mull. Prod. n. 2833.

a. Adult. Isle of Man. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.
c, d, e. Adult and young. Frith of Forth. Presented by
W. E. Leach, M.D.

f. Scotland. Presented by Mr. J. Johnston.

** Polyaster, Gray.

P 2. Solaster papposa.

■ Stella dodedactis, Linck, t. 17- fig- 28. t. 22. fig. 52.

| Asterias papposa, Linn. S. N. ; Mull. Prod. n. 2832 ; Retz. Diss.
27 ; Lamk. Hist. ii. 559, 2nd edit. iii. 246 ; Flem. Brit. Anim.
487 ; Johnst. May. Nat. Hist. ix. 478. fig. 69.

| Stellonia papposa, Ayassiz, Prod.

I Solaster papposa, Forbes, IVern. Mem. viii. 121 ; Brit. Starf.
112. fig. ; Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidray. 243; Gray, Ann.
Nat. Hist. 1840, 183; Mull, and Trosch. Ast. 26.

20

BRITISH RADIATA.

A. lieliantlioides, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 66. fig. 72.

A. stellata, Retz.

a. Adult. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.

b, c, d, e, /, g, h, i. Adult and young. Frith of Forth.
Presented by W. E. Leach, M.D.

4. Henricia.

Ilenricia, Gray, Ann. <$• Mag. N.Hist. 1840, 184.

Linckia, Nardo ?; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 441?;

Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 120 (not Gray nor Micheli).
Echinaster, sp. Muller and Troschel, Ast. 23, 1841.

Cribella, Agassiz, i) ISS. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 441?; Forbes, Brit.
Star f. 100.

1. Henricia ocuiatus.

Pentadactylosaster ocuiatus, Linck, 31. t. 36. fig. 62.

Asterias oculata, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 61. t. 30. fig. 56; Flem.
Brit. Anim. 487-

Linkia oculata, Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 120. t. 3. fig. 5.
Cribella oculata, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 100. fig.

Echinaster ocuiatus, Muller and Trosch. Ast. 24 ; Duben and
Koren, Zool. Bidrag. 241.

Henricia oculata. Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, 184.

? A. perforata, Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod. n. 2834 ?.

? A. multifora, Lam. Hist. ii. 565?.

(Smaller) Asterias seposita, Retz. Diss. 21, not Mull, and Trosch.
Asterias sanguinolenta, Muller, Prod. 234, not Retz.

Echinaster sanguinolentus, Sars, Wiegm. Arch. x. 169. t. 6. f. 1,2
Echinaster Sarsii, Muller and Troschel, Wiegm. Arch. x. 178.
(Larger) Ast. pertusa, Muller, Prod. 234 ; O. Fab. Nor. Act. Hafn.
xi. (1826) 41. t. 4. fig. 2.

a. Plymouth Sound. Presented by W. E. Leaeli, M.D.

b, c, d, e,f. Frith of Forth.

q, h, i. Coast of Northumberland. Presented by J. E. Grav,
Esq.

2. Henricia rosea.

Asterias rosea, Muller, Prod. n. 2837 ; Zool. Dan. t. 47.
Cribella rosea, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 106. fig.

Linkia rosea, Thomp. Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840.

Asteracanthion roseus, Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidrag. 241.
a. Adult. Ayrshire, Philip Maclagan, Esq. Presented by
E. Forbes, Esq.

BRITISH RADIATA.

21

Fam. 3. Pentacerotid^e.

Pentacerotidse, Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1840, 2/6.
Goniaster, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 441.

1. Hippasteria.

Hippasteria, Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1840, 279.
Asterogonium, sp. Muller and Troschel, Ast. 52, 1841.
Pentaceros, sp. Linck.

Scutasteries or Platasteries, part., Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 219.
Gouiaster, sp. Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 441.

1. Hippasteria equestris.

Pentaceros planus, Link, 21. t. 22. fig. 21. t. 33. fig. 53.
Hippasteria plana, Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, 279.

Asterias equestris, Gmelin, S. N. ? ; Sow. Brit. Misc. 8. t. 43,
good (not Miiller); Lam. H. ii. 555, 2nd edit. iii. 242? ; Fle-
ming, Brit. Anim. 485; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 559.
Goniaster equestris, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 441 ;

Forbes, Brit. Starf. 1 25. figs. 125, 127-
Asterogonium phrygianum. Mull, and Trosch. Ast. 52.
Hippasteria europiea. Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, 279.

A. Johnstonii, Gray; Johnst. Mag. Nat. Hist. iv. 146. fig. 21
(not Chiaje ) ; ? Lam. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 257.

II. Johnstonii, Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, 279.

Astrogonium phrygianum, Miiller and Trosch. Ast. 52; Duben
and Korea, Zool. Bidrag. 246.
a. Four-rayed. “ II. Johnstonii,” Gray. North of England.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Hippasteria abbensis.

Goniaster abbensis, Forbes, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. xi. 280. t.
a. St. Abb’s Head. Presented by Edward Forbes, Esq.

Fam. 4. Asterinid^e.

Asterinidae, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1840, 62; Ann. and Mag.
Nat. Hist. 1840, 288.

1. Palmipes.

Palmipes, Linck; Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1840, 288 ;
Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 442 ; Forbes, Wern. Mem.
viii. 118.

Asteriscus, sp. Muller and Troschel, Ast. 39.

Anseropoda, Nardo, Isis 1834.

Palmasteries, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 218.

22

BRITISH RADIATA.

1. Palmipes membranaceus.

Stella quinquifida palmipes, Linck, 29. t. 1. fig. 2; cop. E. M.
t. 99. figs. 2, 3.

Asterias membranaceus, Retz. Vet. Akad. iv. 238; Diss. 62;

Gmelin, S. N. 3164 ; Lamlc. Hist. ii. 558, 2nd edit. iii. 244.
Palmipes membranaceus, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 442;
Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 119; Brit. Star/. 116. fig. ; Gray,
Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, 288.

A. placenta, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 62. t. 21. fig. 59 a.

A. cartilaginea, Flern. Brit. Anim. 485.

A. rosacea, Lam. Hist. ii. 558.

Asteriscus palmipes, Muller and Trosch. Ast. 39.

a, b, c, d. Adult. Plymouth Sound. C. Prideaux, Esq.

Presented by W. E. Leach, M.D.
e. Isle of Man. Presented by Edward Forbes, Esq.

2. Porania.

Porania, Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1840, 288.

Asteropsis, sp. Mull, and Trosch. 62, 1842; Duben and Koren, 246.
Goniaster, sp. Thompson-, Forbes, Wern. Mem. iv. 118; Brit.
Starf. 122 (not Gray).

1. Porania pulvillus.

Asterias pulvillus, Muller, Zool. Dan. t. 19. figs. 1, 2.

Asteropsis pulvillus, Muller and Trosch. Ast. 64, 128 ; Duben
and Koren, Zool. Bidrag. 246.

Asterias gibbosa, Leach, MSS. B.M. 1817 (not Pennant).
Porania gibbosa. Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, 288 ; Jukes, Voy.
ii. App. 343.

Goniaster Templetoni, Thompson-, Forbes, Wern. Mem. iv. 118.

t. 4. figs. 1, 2 ; Brit. Starf. 122. fig.

Asterias equestris?, Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 237.

Ast. irregularis, Fleming, Brit. Anim. 486 ; not Penn.

a, b. Adult. Plymouth Sound. Presented by W. E. Leach,
M.D.

c. Half-grown. Arran. Presented by W. E. Leach, M.D.

d, e, g, h. Ilalf-grown.

i. Douglas Bay, Isle of Man. Presented by J. R. Wallace,
Esq.

3. Asterina.

Asterina, Nardo, Isis 1834 ; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i.
442; Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1840,289; Forbes,
Wern. Mem. viii. 120.

Asteriscus, sp. Muller and Troschel, Ast. 39.

BRITISH RADIATA.

23

1. Asterina gibbosa.

Pentaceros plicatus, Linck, t. 36. fig. 62; Borlase, Cornw. 260.
t. 25. figs. 25, 26.

Stellula hibemica glabra. Pet. Gaz. t. 16. fig. 8.

Asterias gibbosa, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 62. fig. 59 ; Fleming, Brit.
Anira. 486.

Asterina gibbosa, Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 120.

Asteriscus verruculatus part., Muller and Trosch. Ast. 41.

Ast. verruculatus, Retz. Diss. 12.

Ast. membranaceus, Grube, 26.

? Ast. exigua, Lamk. ii. 554, 2nd edit. iii. 241 ; Chiaje, Mem.
t. 18. fig. 1.

Ast. minuta, Blainv. Man. Act. 238.

Asterina minuta, Nardo ; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 442.
A. stellata obtusa ciliata, Linn. F. Suec. 2112.

A. pulchella, Blainv. F. France, t. ; Man. Act. t. 22. fig. 8.
a, b, c, d, e. Plymouth Sound. Presented by W. E. Leach,
M.D.

Order II. OPHIURIDA.

Ophiurida, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 119, 117-
Ophiura;, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 1838, 442; Forbes,
Wern. Mem. viii. ; Duben and Koren, Bidr. 232.

Ophiurida;, Muller and Trosch. Ast. 79.

Ophiura, Lamk. Syst. 351, 1801 ; Fleming, Brit. Anim. 488 ;
Batch, 1779.

Astcrophidea, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. Lx. 223.

1. Ol’HIOLEPIS.

Ophiolepis, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 89, 1842; Duben and
Korea, Zool. Bidrag. 234, 1847.

Ophiocoma, sp. Forbes, Brit. Starf. 35.

Ophiura, sp. Lamk. Hist. iii. 546; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat.

Hist. i. 442, 1838.

Asterias, sp. Muller, Zool. Dan.

1. Ophiolepis ciliata.

Asterias Ophiura, Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod. 235, 2840.

Asterias ciliata, Retz. Diss. 29.

Ophiolepis ciliata, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 91.

Stella laeertosa, Linck, 4 7. t. 2. fig. 4.

A. laeertosa, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 63.

? Ophiura laeertosa, Lamk. Syst. 351.

Ophiura texturata, Lam. Hist. ii. 542, 2nd edit. iii. 221 ; Blainv.
Man. Act. 243; Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii, 125. t. 4. figs. 3, 4;
Brit. Starf. 22. fig.

24

BRITISH RADIATA.

0. bracteata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 488 ; Johnst. Mag. Nat. Hist.
viii. 465. fig. 41.

0. Aurora, Risso, Europ. Merid. v. 273. fig. 29.

O. arenosa, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. 58.

Asterias cordifera, Chiaje, Mem. t. 20. fig. 12.

a, b, c, d. Dover. Presented by — Tennant, Esq.

e, f, g. Dover. Presented by H. Ball, Esq.

h, i,j, k, l. Frith of Forth. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.

2. Ophiolepis albida.

Ophiura albida, Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 125. t. 4. fig. 586 ;
Brit. Starf. 27- fig.

Ophiura texturata, var. minor albida, Lam. Hist. ii. 542, 2nd edit,
iii. 221.

Ophiolepis ciliata minor, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 91.

O. texturata, var. Brit. Collections.

a, b. Frith of Forth. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.

3. Ophiolepis elegans.

Ophiura elegans, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. 57, 1815.

Ophiura negleeta, Johnst. Mag. Nat. Hist. viii. 467- fig. 42 ;
Lam. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 226.

Ophiocoma negleeta, Forbes, IVern. Mem. viii. 126. t. 4. fig. 7 ;
Brit. Starf. 30. fig.

Asterias squamata, Chiaje, Mem. t. 34. fig. 1 ; not Lamk.
Ophiolepis squamata, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 92.

Oph. moniliformis, Grube, 18 (1840).

a, b. Shetland. Presented by A. G. Melville, M.D.

4. Ophiolepis punctata.

Ophiocoma punctata, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 37. fig.

Ophiolepis punctata, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 92.
a. Anstruther. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.

5. Ophiolepis filiformis.

Asterias filiformis, Muller, Zool. Dan. 2843 ; Zool. Dan. t. 122.
fig- 1-3-

Ophiura filiformis, Lam. Hist. ii. 546, 2nd edit. ii. 236 ; Blainv.
Man. Act. 244.

Ophiocoma filiformis, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 40. fig.

Ophiolepis filiformis, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 94 ; Duben and
Koren, Zool. Bidrag. 234.

a. Frith of Clyde. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.

b, c. Frith of Clyde.

d. Frith of Forth. Presented by A. G. Melville, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA.

25

2. Ophiopholis.

Ophiopholis, Mull, and Trosch. Ast. 96.

1. Ophiopholis aculeata.

Beilis scolopendroides, Linck, t. 40. fig. 71-

Ophiura bellis, Edinb. Phil. Journ. viii. 2.98 ; Flem. Brit. Anim.

488, 1828 ; Johnst. Mag. Nat. Hist. viii. 595. fig. 66.
Ophiocoma bellis, Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 226 ; Brit. St. 53. fig.
Asterias aculeata, Retz. Vetersk. Akad. iv. 240 ; Dissert. 32 ;

Mull. Prod. 2841 ; Zool. Dan. iii. 29. t. 99 ; Gmel. S. N. 3166.
Ophiura Flemingii, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. 56, 1815.

O. Ammotliaea, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. 57- t. 79. figs. 1, 2.
Asterias Ophiura, 0. Fab. Faun. Green. 371.

Ophiolepis (Ophiopholis) scolopendrica. Mull. <*)- Trosch. Ast. 96.

a. Isle of Man. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.

b, c, d, e. Shetland and Orkney. W. E. Leach, M.D.

2. Ophiopholis brachiata.

Asterias brachiata, Montague, Linn. Trans, vii. 84.

Ophiura brachiata, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. 57 ; Flem. Brit. Anim.

488 ; Blainv. Man. Act. 243.

Ophiocoma brachiata, Forbes, Brit. Star f. 45. fig.

Ophiolepis (Ophiopholis) brachiata, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 96.
O. fihformis, Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist.

a, b, c, d. Devonshire, G. Montague, Esq.

Ii 3. Ophiopholis Ballii.

I Ophiocoma Balhi, Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 99 (1840) ;

Forbes, Brit. Starf. 35. fig.

| Ophiolepis Balhi, Duben and Koren, Zool. Bidrag. 234.
t Ophiolepis (Ophiopholis) Balhi, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 97-
ji Ophiura squamata, Grube, 17 (1840).

Ii Inliab. Ireland.

t 4. Ophiopholis Goodsiri.

' Ophiocoma Goodsiri, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 57. fig. ; Muller and
Troschel, Ast. 97-

a. Broken. Anstruther, North Britain. Presented by E.
Forbes, Esq.

3. Ophiocoma.

Ophiocoma, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 98.

II Ophiocoma, sp. Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 442 ; Forbes,

Wern. Mem. viii. 127 ; Brit. Starf. 56 ; Duben and Koren, 234.
Ophiura (3, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx.

Ophiura, sp. Larnk. Hist. iii. 1816; Flem. Brit. Anim. 1828.

B

26

BRITISH RADIATA.

1. Ophiocoma nigra.

Stella scolopendroitles, Linck.

Stella scolopendroides granulata, Linck, 50. t. 26. f. 43, cop. E.M.
t. 124. figs. 2, 3.

Opliiura granulata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 488 ; Johnst. Mag. Nat.

Hist. lx. 595. fig. 67 ; Blainv. Man. Act. 243.

Ophiocoma granulata, Forbes, Wern.Mem. viii. 127 ; Brit. Starf.
50. fig.

Asterias nigra, Muller, Zool. Dan. iii. 20. t. 93. figs. 1-4 ; Gmel.
S. N. 3168.

Ophiocoma nigra, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 100; Duben and
Karen, Zool. Bidrag. 234.

Opliiura echinata, Lam. Hist. ii. 543, 2nd edit. iii. 223.
Ophiocoma echinata, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 442.

Ast. tricolor, Retz. Diss.

Oph. spluerulata, Nilson.

Opli. Nilsonii, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 100.
a, b, c. Devonshire.

d, e. Plymouth Sound. W. E. Leach, M.D.

4. Ophiothrix.

Ophiothrix, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 109; Duben and Koren,
Zool. Bidrag. 238, 1840.

Ophiocoma, sp. Forbes, Wern. Trans, viii. 127 ; Brit. Starf. 60.

1. Ophiothrix fragilis.

Stella echinata, Rondel, Ins. 123.

Rosula scolopendroides, Linck, t. 37- fig- 65. t. 26. fig. 42, cop.

E. M. t. 123. figs. 6, 7 ; Borlase, Cornw. t. 25. figs. 19, 24.
Opliiura vulgaris, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. 54 (1815).

Opliiura Rosula, Flem. Brit. Anim. 489 (1828); Johnst. Mag.
Nat. Hist. ix. 231. fig. 26 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. 1836,
237. fig. 30.

Ophiocoma Rosula, Forbes, Wern. Trans, viii. 127 ; Brit. Starf.

60. fig.

Ast. fragilis, Abild. Zool. Dan. iii. 28. t. 98 ; Gmel. S. N. 3168.
Opliiura fragilis, Lamk. Hist. ii. 546; Gravenh. Tergestina, 104;
Blainv. Man. Act. 244.

Ophiothrix fragilis, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 110; Duben and
Koren, Zool. Bidrag. 238.

Asterias pentaphylla, Penn. Brit. Zool.

A. varia, Penn. Brit. Zool.

A. aculeata, Penn. Brit. Zool.

A. pentagona, Chiaje, Mem. iii. 76. t. 34. fig. 15.

BRITISH RADIATA.

27

A. Cuvieri, Chiaje, Mem. iii. 76. t. 34. fig. 17-
A. hastata, Penn. Brit. Zool.

A. fissa, Penn. Brit. Zool.

A. nigra, Penn. Brit. Zool.

0. spinulosa, Risso, Bur. Merid. 2 72. t. 6. fig. 30.

a, b, c, d. S. Devon. W. E. Leacli, M.D.

e. Frith of Forth. W. E. Leach, M.D.

f. g, h. Falmouth. W. Cocks, Esq.
i,j. Torbay. W. E. Leach, M.D.

2. Ophiothrix minuta.

Stella hirsuta, & c., Linclc, 50 ?.

Asterias minuta, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 63. n. 61 ?.

Ophiocoma minuta, Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 127- t. 4. fig. 8 ;
Brit. Starf. 65. fig.

Ophiothrix fragilis, jun., Muller and Troschel, Ast. 110.
a. Isle of Man. Presented by E. Forbes, Esq.

5. Astrophyton.

Euryale, Larnk. Ext. du cour, 35, 1812, no character ; Agassiz,
Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 443, 1838.

Euryale sp., Lamk. Hist. A. s. Vert. iii. 1816.

Euryale j3, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 22 7.

Gorgonocephalus, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. 51, 1815.

Astrophyton, Linck, De Stellis Mar. ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 489,
1828; Muller and Troschel, Ast. 121 ; Forbes, Brit. Starf. 67.
Asterias, sp. Linn. Syst. Nat.

Opliiura Lamk. Syst. 350, 1801.

1. Astrophyton arborescens.

Astrophyton scutatum, Linck, t. 19. fig. 48; Flem. Brit. Anim.

489 ; Forbes, Brit. Starf. 67- fig. ; not Agassiz nor Lamk.
Astrophyton Linckii, Muller and Troschel, Ast. 122.

Asterias caput medusa, Linn. S. N. 1101 ; Muller, Zool. Dan.

Prod. n. 2844 ; Turton, Brit. Fauna, 149.

Ophiura caput medusa, Lamk. Syst. 351.

A. arborescens, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 67. n. 73.

Euryale scutatum, Blainv. Man. Act. 246?.

Inhah. North Sea.

Order III. CRINOIDEA.

Crinoidea, Muller, Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 443, 1838 ;

Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 118; Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii.
Asterencrinea, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 228, 1830.

Pinnigrada, Forbes, Brit. Starf. 14.

Pinnigradastella, Austen, Ann. <§• Mag. N. H. x.

b 2

28

BRITISH RADIATA.

Fam. 1. Pentacrinitide:.

Pentacrinitidse, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 119.

1. Antedon.

Antedon, Fremenville , Bui. Soc. Phil. ii. 349, Oct. 1811.

Alecto, Leach, Zool. Misc. 61, 1815; not Lamx. 1821; Muller,
Bericht Akad. Berlin, 1841, 179.

Comatula, Lamk. 1816; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 229; Flein.
B. A. 490; Aqassiz, Prod. Ann. N. H. i. 443; Gray, Ann.
Phil, xxviii. 392.

Comatule, Lamk. 1812 (no char.).

Decameros, Linck, Stellis, 55.

Asteroeoma, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 229, 1830.

Phytocrinus, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. Lx. 236,1830; Agassiz, Prod.

Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 444, junior.

Pentacrinus, J. V. Thompson, Mem.

1. Antedon decameros.

Stella decameros rosacea, Linck, 55. t. 3/. f. 66, cop. E. M. t.
Stella decameros barbata, Linck, t. 37. f. 65.

Asterias bifida, Penn. Brit. Zool. 65. n. 70.

A. decameros, Penn. Brit. Zool. 66. t. 33. f. 71.

A. pectinata, Adams, Linn. Trans, v. 10.

Alecto europaea, Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. 62, 1821 ; Mull. Bericht
Akad. Berl. 1841, 182.

Comatula mediterranea, Lam. H. ii. 535, ed. 2. iii. 210; Sars,
Besk. 40. t. 8. f. 19.

C. rosacea, Flem. Brit. Anim. 490 ; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. L\. 229;
Man. Act. 248; Forbes, Wern. Mem. viii. 128; Brit. Starf. 5.
figs. 5, 8, 11 & 18.

C. barbata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 490 ; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 229.
C. fimbriata, Muller, Crinoidea, 132. t. 1.

Young, attached, Forbes, l. c. fig. 11.

Pentacrinus europams, Thomp. Mem. Pent. t. 1, 2; Edin. Phil.
Journ. xx. 35. t. 2 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 490 ; Buckland, Bridg.
Tr. t. 52. fig. 2.

Phytocrinus europaeus, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 236 ; Man. Act.
255. t. 27. figs. 1,2; Agassiz, Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 444.

a. In spirits. Adult. British ocean.

b. Three young, dry, on paper. Cork, J. V. Thompson. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. d, e. Adult. Plymouth Sound. W. E. Leach, M.D.

/. Adult.

2. Gynameda.

Gynameda, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, 15; Agassiz, Prod. Ann.
Nat. Hist. i. 444.

BRITISH RADIATA.

29

1. Gynameda pulchella.

Gynameda pulchella. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, 15; Agassiz,
Prod. Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 444.
a. Kent.

Sect. II. LEIODERMA.

Class III. ACALEPHA.

Radiaires molasses, Lamk. Syst. 352, 1801 ; Hist. ii. 2nd edit,
iii. 1.

Arachnodermata, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. be. ; Man. Act. 266.
Zoophytes faux, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. ; Man. Act. 110.
Acalepha free, Flem. Brit. Anim. 472.

Acalepha libres and A. hydrostatique, Cuvier, R. A. iv. 54. 63.
Acalepha, Eschscholtz, System Acalephen, 1829, 4to.

Subclass I. PULMOGRADA.

Pulmograda, Blainv. Man. Act. 271.

Discophorae, Eschsch. Acal. Syst. 39.

Medusae, Linn. S. N.

Radiaires Medusaires, Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 111.

Order I. PHANEROCARPJE.

Discophorae phanerocarpae, Eschsch. Syst. i. 41.

Hooded-eyed Pulmograde Medusae, Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc.
1846, 84.

Fam. 1. Rhizostomid/E.

Rhizostomidae, Eschsch. Syst. Acal. 42.

11. Rhizostoma.

I Rhizostoma, Cuvier, Bull. Soc. Philotn. n. 33, 69 ; Eschsch. Acal.
Syst. 45; Lamk. Syst. 354 (1801); Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv.
362.

ICepheae, sp. Lamk. Hist.
j Ephyra, sp. Peron, l. c. 354.

1. Rhizostoma undulata.

Medusa undulata, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 58.

Rhizostoma undulata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 502.

R. Cuvieri, Lamk. Syst. 3 54; Esch. Acal. Syst. 45; Peron, Ann.

Mus. xiv. 362; Eysenh. N. Act. Acad. Leop. x. 377- t. 34.

R. Aldrovandi, Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 84.

30

BRITISH RADIATA.

Cepliea Rhizostoma and C. Aldrovandi, Lamk. Hist. ii. 517 ; Bor-
lase, Cornw. 25 7. t. 25. fig. 15; Reaumur, Hist. Acad. Sci.
1710, 478. t. 11. figs. 27, 28.

Medusa palmo, Gmel. S. N. 3155.

M. octopus 1 3 , Gmel. S. N. 3155.

Lost its pedicel. Medusa simplex, Penn. Brit. Zool. from Borlase,
Cornw. t. 25. figs. 13, 14.

Ephyra simplex, Penn. Ann. Mus. xiv. 354.

Inhab.

2. Cassiopea.

Cassiopea, Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. 357 ; Lamk. Hist. ii. 512; Esch.
Acad. Syst. 42.

1. Cassiopea lunulata.

Cassiopea lunulata, Esch. 44 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 502 ; Forbes,
Brit. Assoc. Rep. 1846, 84.

Medusa lunulata, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 58 ; Borlase, Cornw. t. 25.
figs. 16, 17.

Cassiopea Borlasea, Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. 357 ; Lamk. Hist. ii.
511.

M. octopus a, Gmel. S. N. ; Moodeer, Abh. Schw. Acad. 1790, 12.

s. 159.

Inhab.

Fam. 2. Medusid>e.

Medusidse, Esch. Acal. Syst. 58 ; Gray, Syn. Brit. M. 1842, 134.
1. Pelagia.

Pelagia, Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. 349.

Diansea, sp. Lamk. Hist. ii. 504.

1. Pelagia cyanella.

Medusa Pelagia, Loffling, Reise, s. 105 ; Linn. S. N. 1098.
Dianaea cyanella, Lamk. Hist. ii. 507.

D. denticulata, Lamk. Hist. ii. 507.

Pelagia denticulata, Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. 507-
P. noctiluca, Chamisso in Choris Voy.pittor. i. 3. t. 2.

P. cyanella, Esch. 75. t. 6. fig. 1 ; Peron; Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc.
1846, 84.

Inhab. Cornwall, MacAndrew and E. Forbes.

2. Pelagia .

Pelagia , Ann. Nat. Hist. xix. t. 9. fig. 5.

Inhab.

2. Chrysaora.

Chrysaora, Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. 365 ; Esch. Acal. Syst. 78.
Cyanea, sp. Lamk. Hist. ii. 320.

BRITISH RADIATA.

31

1. Chrysaora hysoscella.

Medusa hysoscella, Linn. S. N. 1097 ; Gmel. S. N. 3153.

M. fusca, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 75.

Chrys. Lesueur, C. aspilonota, C. cyclouota, C. spellielmigona,
C. spilogona, C. pleurophora, and C. macrogena, Peron, Ann.
Mus. xiv. 365.

Cyanea punctulata, &c., Lamk. Hist. ii. 520 ; Borlase, Cornw.
256. t. 25. fig. 7.

M. fusca, Penn. ; Borlase, Cornw. 257. t. 25. fig. 11.

M. tuberculata, Penn.

! Cyanea fusca and C. tuberculata, FI era. Brit. Anim. 501.

Chrysaora hysoscella, Esch. Acal. Syst. 79- t. 7- fig- 2 ; Forbes,
Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 84.

Inhab.

3. Cyanea.

Cyanea, Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. ; Esch. Acal. Syst. 67 ; Lamk.
Hist. ii.

1. Cyanea capillata.

Medusa capillata, Linn. F. Suec. n. 1286; Turton, B. F. 139.

| Cyanea arctica, C. Baltica, C. borealis and C. Britannica, Lamk.
Hist. ii. ; Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. ; “ Baster. Opusc. ii. 6. t. 3.
fig. 1.”

Cyanea capillata, Esch. 68; Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 84 ;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 501.
i Inhab.

[■ 2. Cyanea Lamarckii.

Cyanea Lamarckii, Dicquemare, Journ. Phys. 1784, 451. t. 1;
Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. 363; Lamk. Hist. ii. 518; Esch. Acal.
Syst. 71. t. 5. fig. 2; Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 84.

I Inhab. North Sea.

4. Medusa. •

I Medusa, Linn. S. N.; Lamk. Syst. 353; Esch. Acal. Syst. 61.
i Aurelia, Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. 358 ; Lamk. Hist. ii. 513.

I Cyanea, sp. Cuvier, Reg. Anim. iv. 56.

I 1. Medusa aurita.

| Medusa aurita, Linn. F. Suec. n. 1287 ; Westgoth. 172. t. 3. fig. 2;
Lamk. Syst. 353; Forbes, Brit. Assoc. Rep. 1846, 84 ; Muller,
Zool. Dan. ii. t. 76, 77-
Aurelia aurita, Lamk. Hist. ii. 513.

Cyanea aurita, Cuv. R. A. iv. 56 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 501.

I Aur. rosea, Peron.

Inhab.

32

BRITISH RADIATA.

2. Medusa cruciata.

Medusa cruciata, Baster. Opusc. i. 123. t. 14. figs. 3, 4 ; Forbes,
Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 84 ; Turton, Fauna, 139.

M. aurita part., Esch. Acal. Syst. 61.

Inhab.

i

3. Medusa purpurata.

Medusa purpurata, Moodeer, 167.

M. purpurea, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 57 ; Borl. Corate. 257. t. 25.
figs. 9, 10.

Aurelia lineolata, Peron, l. c. 359.

A. radiolata, Lamk. Hist. ii. 511.

M. radiolata, Esch. Acal. Syst. 66.

Iuliab.

4. Medusa Surirea.

Aurelia Surirea, Lamk. Hist. ii. 513.

A. Suriray, Peron, l. c. 357-
Medusa Surirea, Esch. Acal. Syst. 65.

Inhab. English Channel, Esch.

5. Medusa campanula.

Aurelia campanula, Lamk. Hist. ii. 513 ; Peron, 358.

Medusa campanula, Esch. Acal. Syst. 65.

Inhab. English Channel, Esch.

Order II. CRYPTOCARP.E.

Discophorae cryptocarpse, Esch. Acal. Syst. 84 (1829).
Naked-eyed Pulmograde Medusae, Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc.
1846, 85.

Fam. 1. Willsiad,®.

Fam. 1. E. Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

1. WlLLSIA.

Willsia, E. Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

1. Willsia stellata.

Willsia stellata, Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Inhab. British Channel ; Scotland ; E. Forbes.

Fam. 2. Oceanid^e.

Oceanidse. Esch. Acal. Syst. 94.

1. Turris.

Turns, Lesson ; Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Eirene, Esch. Acal. Syst. 94.

BRITISH RADIATA.

33

!1. Turris digitale.

Medusa digitale, 0. Fab. F. G. 366; Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod.
n. 2824.

Melicerta digitale, Peron, 352.

Dianaea digitale, Lamk. 507.

Eirene digitale, Esch. 95.

Turris digitale. Lesson ; Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Inhab.

2. Turris coccinea.

Cyanea coccinea, Davis.

Turris neglecta, Lesson; Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.
Inhab.

2. Saphenia.

Saplienia, Esch. Acal. Syst. 93.

Dianaea, sp. Lamk. Hist. 505 ; Quay and Gaim. Ann. Sci. Nut. x.
Geryonia, sp. Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. 329.

Campanella, Quoy and Gaim. Voy. Astrol. ? ; Blainv. Man. Act.
286.

1. Saphenia dinema.

Saphenia dinema, Esch. 93; Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.
Geryonia dinema, Peron, 329.

Dianaea dinema, Lamk. Hist. 505, 2nd edit. iii. 153.

Campanella dinema, Blainv. Man. Act. 286.

Inhab. Devon; Zetland.

3. Oceania.

Oceania, Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. 505; Esch. Acal. Syst. 97-
Tiara, Lesson.

Dianaea, sp. Lamk. Hist. iii. 505.

1. Oceania octona.

Oceania octona, Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Gervonia octona, Flem. Brit. Anim. 501 ; Edinb. Phil. Journ. viii.
299.

| Inhab.

2. Oceania phosphorica.

J Oceania phosphorica, Peron, Ann. Mus. 344 ; Esch. Acal. Syst.

97 ; Blainv. Man. Act. 282. t. 33. fig. 3.

' Diamea phosphorica, Lamk. Hist. iii. 505, 2nd edit. iii. 155.
Inhab. English Channel, Esch.

| 3. Oceania diadema.

Oceania diadema, Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. 346.

^ Dianaea diadema, Lamk. Hist. iii. 506.

Inhab. English Channel.

b »

34

BRITISH RADIATA.

4. JEquorea.

/Equorea, Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. 366; Esch. Acal. Syst. 109;
Lamk. Hist. ii. ed. 2. iii. 131 ; Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846,
85.

Foveolia, sp. Peron, Ann. Mus. 340.

1. JEquorea? octocostata.

JEquorea octocostata. Lesson ; Forbes, l.c. 85.

Oceania octocostata, Sars, 24. t. 4. fig. 9 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit.

iii. 164.

Melicertum campanulatum, Ehrenb., not Esch.

Thaumantias Milleri, Landsborough.

? Medusa JEquorea, Mull. Prod. n. 233 ? ; Jameson, IVern. Mem.

i. 558 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 500.

Inliab.

2. JEquorea stauroglypha.

JEquorea stauroglypha, Peron, Ann. Mus. 337 ; Lesueur, Voy.

1. 10. figs. 7j 8, 9 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 137-
Inhab. English Channel, Lamk.

3. JEquorea allantophora.

JEquoraea allantophora, Peron, Ann. Mus. 338; Lesueur, Voy.
t. 12. figs. 5, 9 ; Esch. Acal. Syst. Ill ; Blainv. Man. Act. 278 ;
Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 138.

Inhab. English Channel, Lamk.

5. Circe.

Circe, Mertens ; Brandt, Mem. Petersb. 1838, 354. t. 1 ; Lamk.
Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 166 ; Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

1. Circe rosea.

Circe rosea, Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Inhab. Zetland.

6. Thaumantias.

Thaumantias, Esch. Acal. Syst. 102 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii.

161 ; Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Geryonia, sp. Flem. Brit. Anim.

1. Thaumantias liemisphaerica.

Medusa hemisphaerica, Linn. S. N. 1098 ; Gronov. Act. Helv.

iv. 38. t. 4. fig. 7 ; Mull. Zool. Dan. t. 7 ; Macartney, Phil.
Trans. 1810, 268. t. 15. fig. 5 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. ii. 161.

Geryonia hemispliacrica, Flem. Brit. Anim. 500.

Thaumantias hemispliacrica, Esch. Acal. Syst. 103 ; Lamk. Hist.

2nd edit. iii. 161.

Inhab. British Seas.

BRITISH RADIATA.

35

2. Thaumantias cymbaloidea.

Medusa cymbaloidea. Slabber, Phys. Belns. S. 53. t. 12. figs. 1,3;

Moodeer, l.c. n. 238 ; Ency. Method, t. 93. figs. 2, 4.

Diansea cymbaloidea, Lamk. Hist. ii. 508, 2nd edit. iii. 158.
Medusa eampanella, Shaw, Misc. vi. t. 196.

Thaumantias cymbaloidea, Esch. Acal. Syst. 102 ; Lamk. Hist.

2nd edit. iii. 161 ; Blainv. Man. Act. 285.

Oceania? cymbaloidea, Peron, Hist. Med. 34.

Inhab. North Sea.

1 3. Thaumantias pileata.

Thaumantias pileata, E. Forbes, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1841, 85.
Inhab.

4. Thaumantias Thompsonii.

Thaumantias Thompsonii, E. Forbes, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1841, 85.
Inhab.

5. Thaumantias punctata.

Thaumantias punctata, E. Forbes, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1841, 85.
Inhab.

6. Thaumantias sarnica.

Thaumantias sarnica, E. Forbes, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1841, 85.
Inhab.

There are twelve other undescribed British species. — E. Forbes.

7. Slabberia.

Slabberia, Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

1. Slabberia halterata.

Slabberia halterata, Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Inhab. Coast of Cornwall, E. Forbes.

8. Geryonia.

Gervonia, Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv. ; Esch. Acal. Syst. 86 ; Forbes,
Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Orythia, sp. Peron, Ann. Mus. xiv.

1. Geryonia appendiculata.

Geryonia appendicvdata, Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.
Inhab. British Channel.

2. Geryonia minima.

Medusa minima, Baster. Opusc. sub. ii. 62. t. 7 . fig. 5 ; Moodeer,
l.c. 227.

Orythia minima, Peron, Ann. Mus. 328 ; Lesueur, Voy. t.3. fig. 2;
Lamk. Hist. ii. 503, 2nd edit. iii. 146.

36

BRITISH RADIATA.

Geryonia minima, Each. Acal. Syst. 87 ; Blainv. Man. Act. 28 7.
Inhab. British Channel.

9. Tima.

Tima, Esch.Acal. Syst. 103; Lamk. Hist. e d. 2. iii. 168; E. Forbes,
Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

1. Tima? Bairdii.

Tima? Bairdii, Johnst . ; Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.
Inhab. East coast of Scotland.

10. Bugainvillia.

Bugainvillia, Lesson, Ann. Sci. Nat. 1836, t. 5; Forbes, Rep.
Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Hippocren e, Mertens MSS. ; Brandt, Mem. Petersb. 29; LamJc.
Hist. 2nd edit. ii. 151.

1. Bugainvillia Britannica.

Hippocrene Britannica, E. Forbes, Ann. N. II. 1841, 81 . t. 1 . f. 1 .
Inhab.

There are two other British species. — E. Forbes.

11. Lizzia.

Lizzia, E. Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Cytalis?, Esch. Acal. Syst. 104 ? ; Sars, Besk. 28; Lamk. Hist.
2nd edit. iii. 165.

1. Lizzia octopunctata.

Lizzia octopunctata, Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Cytalis? octopunctata, Sars, Besk. ov. Polyp. 28. t. 6. tig. 14 ;

Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 166.

Inhab. Zetland Seas.

There are two other undescribed British species in the same seas.
— E. Forbes, l. c. 85.

12. Moodeeria.

Moodeeria, E. Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

1. Moodeeria ?

Moodeeria , n. s., Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

Inhab. Hebrides, E. Forbes.

13. Sarsia.

Sarsia, Lesson ; E. Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846,85.

There are four British species of this genus. — E. Forbes.

BRITISH RADIATA.

37

14. Steenstrupia.

Steenstrupia, E. Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1846, 85.

There are three British species of this genus. — E. Forbes.

15. Eulimena.

Eulimena, Flem. Edinb. Phil. Journ. viii. 302.

1. Eulimena quadrangularis.

Eulimena quadrangularis, Flem. Edinb. Phil. Journ. viii. 302 ;

Brit. Anim. 500.

Inhab.

Subclass II. ANOMALA.

Radiaires anomales, Lamk. Hist. ii. 457, 459, ed. 2. iii. 10.

Order III. CILIOGRAD.E.

Ciliogradae, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 134.

Ciliogrades, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. ; Man. Act. 143.
Ciliobranches, Blainv. Man. Act. 110.

Ctenophora, Esch. Acal. Syst. 21.

Earn. 1. Beroida5.

Beroidae, Esch. Acal. Syst. 35; Gray, Syn. B. M. 1842, 134.
Beroides part., Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 48.

1. Beroe.

Beroe, Browne, Jam. ; O. Muller, Zool. Dan. ; Esch. Acal. Syst.
35.

Beroe, sp. Lamk. Hist. ii. 468, 2nd edit. iii. 49.

Idya, Lesson.

1. Beroe cucumis.

Beroe cucumis, O. Fab. F. Green. 361 ? ; Flem. B. A. 503 ; Esch.

Acal. Syst. 36 ; Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. iii. 51 ; Sars, Besk. Pol. 30.
B. fulgens, Macartney, Phil. Trans. 1810, 364. t. 15. figs. 1-8.
Inhab. North Sea.

2. Beroe ?

Beroe?, Fleming, Brit. Anim. 504.

Patella, Cordiner, Rem. Ruins, n. 11. fig. g, G.

Inhab.

38

BRITISH RADIATA.

3. Beroe borealis.

Idya , n. s., Fremenville, N. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1809, 239. fig. ;

Fletn. Mem. Roy. Soc. Edinb. iii. 400. t. 38. figs. 3, 4.

Idya borealis, Lesson ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 51.

Beroe?, Esch. Acal. Syst. 38.

Inhab. North Sea.

Fam. 2. Callianirid^e.

Callianiridae, Esch. Acal. Syst. 21 ; Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842 ;
Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 32.

1. Cydippe.

Cydippe, Esch. Acal. Syst. 25; Lesson, Ann. Sci. Nat. 1836, v.

256 ; Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. 2nd edit. iii. 35.

Eucharis, Peron, Ann. Mus.

Pleurobrancliaea, Flem. Phil. Zool. 612.

Pleurobrancliia, Flem. Brit. Anim. 1828.

Eschscholtzia, Lesson, Ann. Sci. Nat. 1836.

Mertensia, Lesson, Ann. Sci. Nat. 1836.

1. Cydippe pileus.

Volvax bicaudatus, Linn. S. N. 1325.

Beroe pileus, Muller, Prod. n. 281/ ; Lamk. Hist. ii. 470; Cuv.

R. A. iv. 59; Scoresby, Arct. Reg. i. 549. t. 16. fig. 4.
Medusa pileus, Gmelin, S. N. 3152.

Cydippe pileus, Esch. Acal. Syst. 24; Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii.
36.

Pleurobranchia pileus, Flem. Brit. Anim. 504.

Beroe laevigatus, Moodeer-, Gronov.Act. Helv. iv.36. t.4. figs. 1-6;

Baster. Opusc. 124. t. 14. figs. 6, 7-
Inhab. British Channel.

2. Cydippe infundibulum.

Volvox Beroe, Linn. S. N. 1324.

Beroe infundibulum, Muller, Prod. n. 2816; Moodeer, N. A.

Schw.Akad. 1790, 11.

Medusa infundibulum, Gmel. S. N. 3152.

Cydippe infundibulum, Esch. Acal. 26 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit,
iii. 37.

Beroe ovata, Bast. Opusc. i. 123. 1. 14. fig. 5; Lamk. Hist. ii. 469.
Beroe ovatus, Flem. Brit. Anim. 502.

Beroe, Flem. Wern. Mem. iii. 401. t. 18. figs. 3, 4 ; Ellis, Phil.

Trans, lix. 144.

Inhab. Firth of Tay.

BRITISH RADIATA.

39

3. Cydippe pomiformis.

Cydippe pomiformis, Paterson, Trans. Roy. Irish Acad. six. 91 . t.
Inhab. Coast of Ireland.

2. Bolina.

Bolina, Paterson, Trans. Roy. Irish Acad. xix. 91.

1. Bolina hibernica.

Bolina hibernica, Paterson, Trans. Roy. Irish Acad. xix. t. 2. fig.
Inhab. Coast of Ireland.

Order IV. PHYSOGRADJ3.

Physogradae, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842.

Physogrades and Diphyes, Blainv. D. S. N. lx. ; Man. Act. 111.

Fam. 1. DiphyiDjE.

Diphyid®, Esch. Acal. Syst. 122.

Diphyides, Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 65.

Diphyes, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. Lx.; Man. Act. 125.

1. Diphyes.

Diphes, Cuvier, R. A. ; Esch. Acal. Syst. 135.

Dagysa, Solander.

1. Diphyes campanulifera?

Diphyes campanulifera, Esch. Acal. Syst. 13/ ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd
edit. iii. 70-

D. Bory, Quoy and Gaim. Ann. Sci. Nat. x. 1. 1. figs. 1, 7 ; Voy.
Astrol. 83. t. 4. figs. 1-6 ; Blainv. Man. Act. 135. t. 5. fig. 1 ;
Thompson, Ann. and May. Nat. Hist. 1841, 164.

Inhab.

Fam. 2. Physophorid^e.

Physogrades, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. ; Man. Act. 111.
Phvsophorida:, Esch. Acal. Syst. 139; Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus.
1 842, 134.

Physophorides, Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 73.

1. Arethusa.

Arethusa, Browne, Jam. 386.

Physalia, Lamk. Syst. 1801, 356; Hist. ii. 2nd edit. iii. 89.
Thalia, Bruy. Ency. Meth. t. 89.

I Urtica marina, Sloane, Jam. i. 7-
Ilolothuria, sp. Linn.

| Cystisoma, Lesson.

Physophora, Moodeer.

40

BRITISH RADI ATA.

1. Arethusa ?

Physalis, Thompson , Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist.
Inhab. Coast of Ireland, W. Thompson.

Order V. CHONDROGRADiE,

Chondrogrades, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx.; Man. Act. 110.
Chondrogradae, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 134.
Cirrhigrades, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. ; Man. Act. 303.
Velellidtc, Esch. Acal. Syst. 165.

Physophorides part., Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 73.

Fam. 1. VelellidjB.

Velellidae, Esch. Acal. Syst. 165; Gray, Syn. B.M. 1842, 134.
Cirrhigrades, Blainv. Man. Act. 303.

1. Aglaura.

Aglaura, Oken, Lehrb. 125, 1815.

Velella, sp. Flem. Brit. Anim. 500.

Rataria, Esch. Acal. Syst. 166 (1829).

1. Aglaura pocillum.

Medusa pocillum, Mont. Linn. Trans, xi. 1. 14. fig. 4 ; Isis, 1817,
483. t. 3. fig. 4.

Rataria pocillum, Esch. Acal. Syst. 168 ; Lamk. Hist. 2nd edit,

iii. 97.

Velella pocillum, Flem. Brit. Anim. 500.

Aglaura crista, Oken, Naturg. 135.

Inhab. Devonshire.

2. Phyllodoce.

Phyllodoce, Browne, Jam. 387 ; Moodeer, not Salisbury.

Velella, Lamk. Syst. ( 1801), 355; Hist. 2nd edit. iii. 99; Peron,
Ann. Nat. Hist. ; Esch. Acal. Syst. 168.

1. Phyllodoce vulgaris.

Velella vulgaris, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mus. 1819.

V. limbosa, Lamk.l ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 500.

V. aurora, Esch. Acal. Syst. 171.

? Ilolothuria spirans, Forsk. ; Penn, Light. FI. Scot. i. 66.

? Medusa Velella, Linn. S. N. 1098? ; Walker, MSS. 1771.

? Phyllodoce Velella, Moodeer.

BRITISH RADIATA. 41

? Velella mutica, Lamk. Syst. 355.

V. Scaphidia, Peron.

a, b, c, d, e. In spirits. Barnstable, S. Devon, Rev. I.
Hens low.

Class IV. ZOOPIIYTA.

Zoophyta, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1838, 128 ; 1842, 134.
Anthozoa, Ehrenbery, Corail. Roth. Meer. 31 ; Johnst. Zooph. 3.
Radiated Zoophytes, Johnst. May. Zool. and Bot. i. 447.

Polypi, Owen, Lectures, 81.

Polypes, Jones, Anim. Kinyd. 1/. 50.

Order I. ZOANTHARIA.

Zoantha, Blainv. Man. 308, 1834.

Zoocorallia polyactinia, Ehrenb. Corall. 31.

(Les Zoantaires, Audouin and M. Edwards in Lam. Anim. s. Vert.
ii. 106, 1836.

Zoophyta helianthoida, Johnst. in May. Zool. Bot. i. 448, 18 ?
Zoantharia, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. Is. 1830; J. E. Gray in Syn.
Brit. Mus. 129.

Anthozoa helianthoida, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 180.

Suborder I. GYNOSOMATA.

Fam. 1. Actiniad,®.

Actinia, Linn. Syst. 1088; Soland. Zooph. 1.

Les Actinies, Cuv. Rey. Anim. iii. 291.

■ Actiniadae, J. E. Gray in Syn. Brit. Mus. 134 ; Johnston, Hist.
Brit. Zooph. p. 203, 2nd edit.

' Zoanthaires mous ou Actiniens, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 1830,
285; Man. Act. 1834.

I Actinina, Ehrenbery, Corail, des Roth. Meer. p. 31 ; Johnston,
Hist. Brit. Zooph. p. 202, 2nd edit.

1. Capnea.

t Capnea, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 203.
i Kapnea, E. Forbes, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1841, 81.

i 1. Capnea sanguinea.

Kapnea sanguinea, Forbes in Ann. and May. Nat. Hist. vii. 82.

pi. 1. fig. 1 . a, b, c, d; Reports Ray Soc. 379.

Capnea sanguinea, Johnston, Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 203.
fig. 43.

42

BRITISH RADIATA.

2. CORYNACTIS.

Corynaetis, Allman, Ann. Nat. Hist. xvii. 41 /.

1. Corynactis viridis.

Corynaetis viridis, Allman in Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. xvii. 417-
pl. 1 1 ; Johnston, Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 205. t. 35.
figs. 10, 11.

Actinia Iris, Muller, Zool. Han. iii. 3. t. 82. figs. 5, 6 ?

Inhab. Cork.

2. Corynactis Allmani.

Corynactis Allmani, Thompson ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit.

474. fig. 85.

Inhab. Belfast Bay.

3. Actinia.

Actinia, Linn.

Priapus, Linn. 10th edit. ; Forsk.

Zoanthes, sp. Cuv. Tabl. Elem. 1/97, 653.

1. Actinia mesembryanthemum.

La plus petite des Orties de mer. Rondel. Poiss. 380 (quoad fig.).
Ortie de mer, Reaumur in Mem. de I’Acad. Roy. des Sciences,
1710, pi. 10. fig. 22.

Priapus equinus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 10th edit. 656.

Hydra disciflora, Gartner, Phil. Trans. Iii. 83. pi. 1. fig. 5;
Phil. Trans, abridg. xi. 52.9.

Actinia equina, Linn. Syst. 1088; Hicquemare in Phil. Trans.
lxiii. 364. pi. 16. figs. 1-7 ; Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod. 231 ;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 4 97 ; Cuv. Reg. Anim. iii. 292 ; Johnston
in Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 243; Daly ell, Edinb. New Phil. Journ.
xvii. 411, Proc. Brit. Assoc. 1834, 599; Templeton, Mag. Nat.
Hist. ix. 303.

Act. mesembryanthemum, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 4 ; Encycl.
Meth. Vers, pi. 73. fig. 3; Turt. Brit. Faun. 131; Rapp,
Polyp. 52. t. 2. fig. 1 ; Johnston, Mag. Nat. Hist. viii. 81.
fig. 12; Grube, Actin. 10 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 31; Corn.
Faun. iii. 74. pi. 14. fig. 1 ; Hassall, Ann. and Mag. Nat.
Hist. vii. 285; Johnston, Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 211.
fig. 45. t. 36. figs. 1-3.

Act. liemisphfErica, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 104; Berk. Syn. i. 186;
Hogg’s Stock. 30.

Act. rufa, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 105 ; Jameson, Wern. Mem.
i. 558; Stew. Elem. i. 393; Roget, Bridgw. Treat, i. 198.
figs. 86, 87-

Act. corallina, Risso, VEurop. Me'rid. v. 285.

BRITISH RADI ATA.

43

Common Actinia, Buckland, Bridgw. Treat, ii. 89. pi. 54. fig. 4.
Small red Sea Nettle, Wallis, Hist, of Northumb. i.

Hydra mesembryantliemum. Stew. Elem. ii. 451.

Entacmsea mesembryanthemum, Ehrenb. Corall. R. M. 36??
Inbab. Coast of England.

2. Actinia margaritifera.

Actinia margaritifera, Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 304. fig. 50 ;

Johnston, Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 213. fig. 46.

Inhab. Copeland Island.

3. Actinia Chiococca.

Actinia Chiococca, Johnston, Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 214.

t. 36. figs. 4-6.

Inhab. Cornwall.

4. Actinia chrysosplenium.

Actinia chrysosplenium, Johnston, Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit.

p. 215. t. 37- figs. 1-3.

Inhab. St. Ives.

5. Actinia coccinea.

Actinia coccinea, Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 231. no. 2792; Zool.
Dan. ii. 30. t. 63. figs. 1-3 ; cop. Encyclop. Method. Vers,
pi. 72. figs. 1-3; Turt. Gmel. iv. 101; Bose, Vers, ii. 255;
Lam. Anim. s. Vert. iii. 68, 2nd edit. iii. 407 ; Johnston, Hist.
Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 215.

A. crassicomis jun., Johnston, Brit. Zooph. 1st edit.

Inhab. Coast of Ireland.

6. Actinia viduata.

Actinia viduata, Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 231. no. 2799; Zool.
Dan. ii. 31. pi. 63. figs. 6-8 ; cop. Encyclop. Method, t. 72.
figs. 4, 5; Turt. Gmel. iv. 101; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. iii. 68,
2nd edit. iii. 407 ; Bose, Vers, ii. 256 ; W. Thompson, Ann. §
Mag. N. Hist. vii. 481 ; Johnston, Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit,
p. 215.

Isacmica viduata, Ehrenb. Corail. 34.

Inhab. Ireland.

7. Actinia Troglodytes.

Actinia viduata, Johnston, Mag. Nat. Hist. viii. 82. fig. 13 ; E.

Forbes in Ann. Nat. Hist. iii. 48.

Act. mesembryanthemum var. /3, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 21 1 .

Act. viduata, Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 31 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 75.
Act. Troglodytes, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 216. f. 47-
Inhab. Berwick Bay.

44

BRITISH RADIATA.

8. Actinia alba.

Actinia alba, Johnston, Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 217- pi. 37-
figs. 4-7.

Inhab. Cornwall.

9. Actinia anguicoma.

Actinia anguicoma, Price, MSS.; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.

2nd edit. p. 219. fig. 48. t. 37. figs. 8, 9.

Inhab. Bangor.

10. Actinia intestinalis.

Actinia intestinalis, Fabr. Faun. Groenl. 350. no. 342. pi. 1 . fig. 1 1 ;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 498 ; Johnston, Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit,
p. 219. fig. 49.

Inhab. Zetland.

11. Actinia chrysanthellum.

Actinia chrysanthellum, Johnst. Hist. Br. Zooph. 2nd edit, p.221.

t. 37. figs. 10-15.

Inhab. Cornwall.

12. Actinia biserialis.

Actinia biserialis, Forbes, Ann. N.H. v. 182. pi. 3 ; Johnston, Hist.

Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 221. t. 38. fig. 1.

Inhab. Guernsey.

13. Actinia vermicularis.

Actinia vermicularis, Forbes, MSS. ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.

2nd edit. p. 222. t. 38. figs. 2-5.

Inhab. Zetland.

14. Actinia cylindrica.

Actinia cylindrica, Reid, Ann. N. H. 1848, 34. t. 6. figs. 21, 22.
Inhab. St. Andrew’s Bay.

4. Cereus.

Cereus, Oken, Lehrb. 1815.

Anthea, Johnston, Brit. Zooph. 1st edit. 1838.

Anemonia, Risso, Eur. Me'rid. 1826.

Actinocereus, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 1830.

1. Cereus sulcata.

Urtica cinerea, Rondel. Poiss. 381.

Hydra tentaculis, &c., Gartner, Phil. Trans, lii. 78. 1. 1. fig. 1 ;
Phil. Trans, abridg. xi. 526.

Actinia Cereus, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 2 ; Turt. Gmel. iv. 103 ;
Turt. Brit. Faun. 131 ; Rapp, Polyp. 56. t. 2. fig. 3; Grube,
Actin. 11.

BRITISH RADIATA.

45

Act. sulcata, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 102; Berk. Syn. i. 186; Stew.
Elem. i. 394 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 498 ; Lam. Anim. s. Vert.
iii. 69; Encyclop. Method. Vers, pi. 73. fig. 12; Bose, Vers,
ii. 257.

Actinocereus sulcatus, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. Lx. 194 (1830).
Hydra Cereus, Gmelin, S. N. 3867 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 451.

Anthea Cereus, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 221 ; W. Thompson, Ann. 8f
Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 481 ; Hassall, ibid. vii. 286 ; Couch, Zooph.
Cornw. 34; Corn. Faun. iii. 81. pi. 14. fig. 2; Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 240. t. 44.

Inhab. Cornwall.

2. Cereus edulis.

IAnemonia edulis, Risso, VEurop. Merid. v. 289.

Actinia Tuediae, Johnst. Mag. Nat. Hist. v. 163. fig. 58, and in
Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 246.

Anthea Tuediae, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 221 ; Landsborough in
Scot. Christ. Herald for April 1840, p. 243; Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 242. fig. 53.

Inhab. Berwickshire.

5. Cribrina.

Cribrina, Ehrenb. Roth. Meer. 40, 1834.

Actinocereus, sp. Blainv. D. S. N. lx. 193, 1830.

Zoanthes, sp. Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 653, 1797-
Actinoloba, sp. Blainv. D. S. N. lx. 288, 1830.

1. Cribrina gemmacca.

Ortie de mer, Reaumur in Mtm. de l’ Acad. Roy. des Sci. 1710,
pi. 10. figs. 21, 23, 26.

Hydra diseiflora, Gartner, Phil. Trans. Iii. 82. t. 1. fig. 4 ; cop.
Encyclop. Method. Vers, pi. 70. fig. 4; Phil. Trans, abridg.
xi. 529.

Hydra gemmacea, Stew. Elem. ii. 451.

Actinia gemmacea, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 3; Turt. Gmel. iv.
104 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 131 ; Jameson in Wern. Mem. i. 558;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 223. t. 37. figs. 6-9.

Act. verrucosa, Penn. Brit. Zool.'w. 103; Berk. Syn. i. 186;
Lam. Anim. s. Vert. iii. 70; Stark, Elem. ii. 412; Rapp’s
Polyp. 50.

Act. glandulosa, Bose, Hers, ii. 259 ; Rapp’s Polyp. 52.
Actinocereus sessilis, Blainv. Diet. S. N. 1830, lx. 193.

Cribrina verrucosa, Ehrenb. Corail. 40.

Inhab. Cornwall.

46

BRITISH RADIATA.

2. Cribrina monile.

Actinia monile, Templeton, Loud. Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 303. fig. 49 ;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 224. fig. 51.

Inliab. Belfast.

3. Cribrina coriacea.

L’Actinie coriace, Cuv. Reg. Anim. iii. 291.

Actinia coriacea, Rapp, Polyp. 51. t. 1. figs. 3, 4; Teale, Trans.
Leeds Soc. i. 91. pi. 9, 10, 11; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
2nd edit. p. 224. t. 39. figs. 1, 2.

Act. senilis, Flem. Brit. Anim. 498.

Act. gemmacea, var. ft, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 213. pi. 2 7 ; Couch,
Corn. Faun. iii. 76.

Cribrina coriacea, Ehrenb. Corail. 40.

Act. digitata, Mull. Zool. Dan. iv. 16. t. 133?

Act. monile. Cocks.

Act. troglodytes. Couch.

Act. bellis, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 76.

Inliab. Cornwall.

4. Cribrina crassicornis.

L’Ortie rouge, Rondel. Poiss. i. 381-382.

Priapus sive Actinia proboscidibus crassis rotundis, Bast. Opusc.

subsec. i. lib. iii. 143. t. 13. fig. 1.

Act. felina, Linn. Syst. 1088 ; Barbut, Gen. Verm. 53. t. 5. fig. 6.
Act. senilis, Dicquemare, Phil. Trans, lxiii. 367- 1. 16. fig. 10, and
t. 17- figs. 11, 12; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 245 (pelagic
varieties) ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 303.

Actinia crassicornis. Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 231 ; Adams, Linn.
Trans, iii. 252; Jameson, Wern.Mem. i. 558; Stew. Elem. i.
393 ; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. iii. 67, 2nd ecbt. iii. 407 ; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 226. t. 40.

Act. liolsatica, Rathke, Mull. Zool. Dan. iv. 23. t. 139.

Act. equina, Sowerby, Brit. Misc. 7- pi. 4.

? Act. bimaculata, Grube, Actin. 4. fig. 4.

Inliab. Coast of England.

5. Cribrina parasitica.

La quatrieme espece d’Ortie, Rondel. Poiss. i. 382. fig.

Actinia effceta, Rapp’s Polyp. 54. t. 2. fig. 2.

Act. parasitica, Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 34; Corn. Faun. iii. 80.
pi. 15. figs. 1,2; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 228.
t. 41.

Inliab. Cornwall.

BRITISH RADIATA.

47

6. Cribrina bellis.

Hydra calyciflora, Gcertn. Phil. Trans, lii. 79- t. 1. fig. 2; Phil.
Trans, abridg. xi. 527-

Actinia bellis, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 2; Rapp’s Polyp. 50.
t. 1. figs. 1, 2; Turt. Gmel. iv. 103; Turt. Brit. Faun. 131 ;
Hassall, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 285 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit.
Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 228. fig. 52. t. 41.

Actinia Templetonii, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 80.

Actinia peduneulata, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 102 ; Berk. Syn. i. 186 ;
Lam. Anim. s. Vert. iii. 70, 2nd edit. iii. 411 ; Bose, Vers, ii.
258 ; Stark, Elem. ii. 412 ; Flerri. Brit. Anim. 498 ; Templeton,
Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 303.

Actinocereus peduneulata, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. 1830, lx. 194.
Hydra bellis, Stew. Elem. ii. 451.

Cribrina bellis, Ehrenb. Corail. 41 ; Edw. Lam. Anim. s. Vert.

2nd edit. iii. 425 ; Grube, Actin. 12.

Act. Templetonii, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 76.

Inhab. Cornwall.

7. Cribrina Dianthus.

Urtiea soluta caryophyllum referens, Plane. Conch. 43. t. 4. fig. 6.
Priapus sive Actinia proboscidibus tenuibus brevibus. Bast. Opusc.

subsec. i. lib. iii. 143. t. 13. figs. 2^1 (bene).

Actinia senilis, Linn. Syst. 1089.

Actinia judaiea, Linn. Syst. 1088.

Actinia Dianthus, Ellis in Phil. Trans, lvii. 436. t. 19. fig. 8,
cop. in Encyclop. Me'thod. Vers, pi. 71- fig- 5 ; Ellis <5- Soland.
Zooph. 7 ; Shaw, Nat. Misc. xiii. pi. 539 ( copied from Ellis
and coloured from the description !) ; Turt. Gmel. iv. 104;
Turt. Brit. Faun. 131 ; Stew. Elem. i. 394 ; Flem. Brit. Anim.
498 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 233. t. 43.

Fourth species of Anemony, Dicquemare, Phil. Trans, abridg.
xiii. 638. pi. 12. fig. 9.

Actinia pentapetala, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 104 ; Berk. Syn. i. 187 ;
Lam. Anim. s. Vert. iii. 71, 2nd edit. iii. 412 ; Bose, Vers,
ii. 259.

Le Zoanthe a cinq petales, Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 653.

Actinoloba Dianthus, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. (1830), 288;
Man. Actinol. 322.

Actinia plumosa, Midi. Zool. Dan. Prod. 230. no. 2791 ; Zool.
Dan. iii. 12. t. 88. figs. 1, 2 (drawn when the animal has been in
a very relaxed and half-expanded condition), and fig. 4 ; Turt.
Gmel. iv. 100; Turt. Brit. Faun. 130; Stew. Elem. i. 394;
Lam. Anim. s. Vert. iii. 68, 2nd edit. iii. 407 ; Bose, Vers, ii.
256; Stark, Elem. ii. 412 ; Cuv. Reg. Anim. iii. 291 ; Rapp’s

48

BRITISH RADIATA.

Polyp. 55. t. 3. fig. 1 (good); Johnston, Trans. Newc. Soc.
ii. 246; Micros. Journ. ii. 147.

Metridium plumosa, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 2S7 ; Actinol. 321.
Actinia senilis, Barb. Gen. Verm. 53. t. 5. fig. 5; Adams, Linn.

Trans, v. 9 ; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. iii. 68 ; Stark, Elem. ii. 412.
Hydra Diantbus, Stew. Elem. ii. 451.

Act. Dianthus, W. Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 251.

Inliab.

Doubtful Species.

1. Actinia truncata, Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 558; Penn. Brit.
Zool. iv. 106 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 131.

Inhab.

2. Actinia sulcata, Templeton, Loud. Mag. N. H. ix. 303.

A. effoeta, jun., Templeton.

Inhab.

3. Actinia caryophyllus, Stew. Elem. i. 394 ; Penn. B. Z. iv. 106 ;
Martin, Marine Worms.

A. Diantbus ?, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 234.

Inhab.

4. Actinia anemonoides, Turt. Syst. Nat. iv. 101.

Act. Anemone, Penn, B. Z. iv.106 ; not Ellis ; Shaw, Nat. Misc.

t. 26, 27.

Inhab.

6. Adamsia.

Adamsia, E. Forbes, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 183.

Cribrina, sp. Ehrenb. Corail. 41.

1. Adamsia palliata.

Medusa palliata, Bohad. Anim. Mar. 135. t. 11. fig. 1.

Actinia maculata, Adams, Linn. Trans, v. 8 ; Coldstream, Edinb.
New Phil. Journ. ix. 236. t. 4. figs. 6, 7 ; and in Edinb. Journ.
Nat. Sf Geogr. Sc. iii. 49 ; Forbes, Ann. Nat. Hist. iii. 48 ; W.
Thompson, ibid. v. 251 ; Hassall, ibid. vii. 286.

Act. carciniopados, Otto in Nov. Act. Acad. C. L. C. Nat. Cur.
xi. 288. pi. 40 ; D. Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. ii. 242; Rapp,
Polyp. 58 ; Grube, Actin. 13.

Cribrina palliata, Ehrenb. Corail, 41 ; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. 2nd
edit. iii. 426.

Actinia picta, Risso, VEurop. Merid. v. 286.

Actinia effeeta, Turt. Gmel. iv. 101 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 131.
Parasite Actinia, Landsborough in Scot. Christ. Herald, ii. 333.

BRITISH RADIATA.

49

Adamsia maculata, Forbes in Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 183.

Adamsia palliata, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. 207- fig. 44. t. 42.
figs. 1, 2.

Inhab. Milford Haven.

7. Iluanthos.

Iluanthos, E. Forbes, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 184.

1. Iluanthos scoticus.

Iluanthos scoticus, Forbes, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 184. pi. 3; W.
Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. xv. 322 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
2nd edit. p. 243. t. 45. figs. 1, 2.

Inhab. Loch Ryan.

Fam. 2. LuCERNARIADiE.

Lucernariadse, M. Edw. Cuvier, R. A. Zoopli. t. 63 ; Johnst. Brit.

Zooph. 2nd edit. 244.

Actiniada: pars, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus.

1. Lucernaria.

Lucemaria, Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod. 232 ; Ehrenb. Corail. 43 ;
Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 244.

1. Lucernaria fascicularis.

Lucernaria fascicularis, Fleming in Wern. Mem. ii. 248. pi. 18.
figs. 1,2; Flem. Brit. Anim. 499; Templeton in Mag. Nat.
Hist. ix. 304; Lamouroux, in Mdm. duMus. ii. 470 ; Ehrenb.
Corail. 43; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 244. t. 45.
figs. 3-7, and 252.

L. quadricornis, Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod. 227 ; Zool. Dan. i. 51 .

t. 39; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 252, 476.

Inhab. Zetland.

j 2. Lucernaria auricula.

! Ilolothuria lagenam referens tentaculis octonis fascieulatis. Mull.
Zool. Dan. Prod. 232. no. 2812.

Lucernaria auricula, Fab. Faun. Graenl. 341 ; Montagu in Linn.
Trans. Lx. 113. pi. 7- fig- 5; Flem. Brit. Anim. 499; Johnst.
in Mag. Nat. Hist. v. 44. fig. 29, and in Trans. Newc. Soc.
ii. 248 ; Templeton in Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 304 ; Sars, So'edyr.
Naturh. 34. t. 4. figs. 1-13; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 35; Corn.
Faun. iii. 83. pi. 16. figs. 1-3; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
2nd edit. p. 246. figs. 54, 55; Edw. Cuv. R. A. Zooph. t. 63.
L. octoradiata, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 474.

L. auricula, Lamour. Mem. duMus. ii. 471.
a. In spirits.

c

50

BRITISH RADIATA.

3. Lucernaria campanulata.

Lucernaria campanulata, Lamx. in Mem. du Mus. ii. 472. pi. 16.

figs. 1-7 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 248.

L. Convolvulus, Johnst. in Mag. Nat. Hist. viii. 59. fig. 3.
Lucemaire auricule, Blainv. Man. Act. pi. 50. fig. 4.
a. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

4. Lucernaria cyatliiformis.

Lucernaria cyatliiformis, Sars, Faun. Norv. i. 26. t. 3. figs. 8-13 ;

Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. 475. fig. 86.

Inhab. Arran.

Suborder II. CHONDROPHORA.

Fam. 1. Zoanthidas.

Zoanthina,-EArerai. Corail, des roth. Meeres, p. 45 ; Johnst. Hist.

Brit. Zooph. p. 201.

Les Zoanthes, Cuv. Reg. Anim. iii. 293.

Les Zoanthaires coriaces, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. 1830, 294 ;
Act. 1834, 328.

Zoanthidse, J. E. Gray in Syn. Brit. Mus. 129, 1840.

1. ZOANTHUS.

Zoantlius, Cuvier, Trait. Elem. ; Reg. Anim. 1817; Ehrenb.
Corail.

Zoantlia, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ; Schweiger.

1. Zoanthus Coucliii.

Zoantlius Coucliii, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 73. pi. 15. fig. 3 ;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 202. t. 35. fig. 9 ; Ann.
Nat. Hist. xiv. 415.

a, b, c. Cornwall, R. I. Couch, Esq. Presented by G.
Jolinston, M.D.

The dry specimen exactly resembles Sarcodictyon catenata.

Suborder III. CORALLIPIIORA.

Madreporea, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. 1830, 297-
Phytocorallia, Polyactinia and P. dodeactinia, Ehrenb. Corail.
Madreporina, Wiegm. &f Ruthe, Handb. Zool. 592, 1832.
Fungina, Ehrenb. Corall. ; Wiegm. Ruthe, 592.

Fam. 1. Pocilloporid,e.

Milleporina, Ehrenb. Corail, des roth. Meeres, p. 122; Johnst.

Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 194.

Madrepores, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. 1830, 347-
Pocilloporidac, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 135.

BRITISH RAD I AT A.

51

1. POCILLOPORA.

Pocillopora, Lamk. ; Ehrenb. Corail.

Madrepora, sp. Muller-, Linn.

1. Pocillopora? interstincta.

Madrepora interstincta, Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 252.

Pocillopora interstincta, Flem. Brit. Anim. 511; Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 194, 251 ; New Edinb. Phil. Journ.
1846, 203.

Inhab. Zetland.

Fam. 2. Ocellinid,e.

Ocellina, Ehrenb. Corall. des roth. Meeres, p. 75; Johnst. Hist.

Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 195.

Madrephyllisea, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. 1830, 301.

Madreporidae, Gray, Sign. Brit. Mus. ; Ann. Nat. Hist.

1. Turbinolia.

Turbinolia, Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. ; Ehrenb. Corail.

1. Turbinolia Millesiana.

Turbinolia Millesiana, Def ranee. Diet. Sc. Nat. Ivi. 92 ; Blainv.
Diet. Sc. Nat. Lx. 303; S. V. f-Vood in Ann. Sf Mag. N. H.
xiii. 12; Morris, Cat. 46 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit,
p. 196. t. 35. figs. 1-3.

Turbinolia Millesiana, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. 2nd edit. ii. 364 ;

Forbes, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1845, 66.

“ Turbinolia mixta, Def ranee, MSS. ; Michelin, Polyp. Fossil.

France, t. 43. fig. 3,” E. Forbes.

Turbinolia, Taylor, Loud. Mag. Nat. Hist. iii. 2/2.
a. North Sea. Presented by J. Alder, Esq.

2. Oculina.

Oculina, sp. Lamk. Hist. A. s. V. ; Ehrenb. Corall.

Madrepora, sp. Solander.

1. Oculina prolifera.

Madrepora prolifera, Seba, Mus. iii. t. 116. fig. 3; Pallas,
Elench. 307 ; Linn. Syst. Nat. 1281 ; Midi. Zool. Dan. Prod.
252 ; Ellis and Solander, Zooph. 1 53. t. 32. fig. 2 ; Esper,
Mad. i. t. 11.

Oculina prolifera, Lamk. H. A. s. V. ii. 286, 2nd edit. ii. 456 ;
Blainv. Act. 380 ; Ehrenb. Corall. R. M. 80 ; Johnst. Brit.
Zooph. 2nd edit. 195, 251 note ; New Edinb. Phil. Journ. 1846,
203; King, Ann. <“$- Mag. Nat. Hist. 1847, 279.

Inhab. Shetland, Atkinson. Mus. Newcastle.

BRITISH RADIATA.

OZ

3. Caryophyllia.

Caryophyllia, Lamk. Hist. A. s. V.

Caryophylliaea, Blainv. 1830.

Cyathina, Ehrenb.

Astre®, sp. Browne, 17 ?

Turbinolia, sp. Flem. 1828; Blainv. 1830.

1. Caryophyllia Smithii.

Caryophyllia cyathus, Fleming in Wern. Mem. ii. 249, and in
Edinb. New Phil. Journ. viii. 70; Broderip in ibid. viii. 312;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 508 ; not Lamk.

Car. Smithii, Stokes and Broderip in Zool. Journ. iii. 486.pl. 13.
tigs. 1-6, and in Bull, des Sc. Nat. xvii. 157 ; Buckland,
Bridgw. Treat, ii. 90. pi. 54. figs. 9-11; Harvey in Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1834, part ii. 28, and in Mag. Nat. Hist. n. s. i. 474.
fig. 55 ; Thompson in Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 251 ; Portlock’s
Lond. 334 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 29 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 72.
pi. 12. fig. 3; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 198.
t. 35. figs. 4-8.

Car. sessilis, Bellamy’’ s S. Devon, 267 & 330. pi. 18.

Car. pygmea ,Risso,l’Eur. Merid. x. 352 ? ; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat.
lx. 310.

a, b, c, d. Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Caryophyllia borealis.

l'ungia turbiuata, Fleming in Wern. Mem. ii. 25.

Turbinolia borealis, Flem. Brit. Anim. 509 ; Blainv. Diet. S. N.

1830, lx. 307 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. 195. f. 42. 473.
Caryophyllia Smithii, var. Forbes ; Johnst. B. Z. 2nd edit. 473.
a. Oban, J. Alder, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

Doubtful British Species.

3. Caryophyllia ramea, Lamk. Syn. 370; Johnst. B. Z. 2nd
edit. 201, 473.

Madrepora ramea, Linn. Sol. Zooph. t. 38.

I.itliodendron ramea, Schweig.

Dendropliyllia ramea, Blainv.

Oeulina ramea, Ehrenb.

Inhab. Mediterranean. Cornish coast, Murray, Ency. Geog.
1840, 343.

4. Caryophyllia musicalis, Lamk. Hist. ii.

Madrepora musicalis, Linn. Syst. 1278; Berk. Syn. i. 211 ; Turt.

S. N. iv. 625 ; Brit. Faun. 204.

Mad. organum, Pallas, Zooph. 317.

BRITISH RADIATA.

53

Anthophyllum musicalis, Ehrenb.

Sarcinula musicalis, Blainv.

Inhab. Irish coast.

Madrepora truncata.

Inhab. “British,” Stewart, Elem. ii. 426.

Madrepora lichenoides.

Inhab. “British,” Tart. Brit. Faun. 204.

Order II. ZOOPHYTARIA.

Zoophytaria, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 1830 ; Man. 496 (1834) ;

Gray in Syn. Brit. Mus. 131 (1842).

Z oocorallia octactinia, Ehrenb. Corail, des roth. Meer. 53 (1834).

ILes Alcyoniens, Audouin and M. Edwards in Lam. An. s. Vert.
iii. 105 (1836).

Zoophyta asteroida, Johnst. in May. Zool. and Bot. i. 447 (1836).
Anthozoa asteroida, Johnst. Hist. B. Z. 2nd edit. p. 138 (1847).

Suborder I. RADICATA.

Polipicrs corticiferes part., Lam. Extr. da Cour. 1812, 1816.
Polipes tubiferes, Lam. Extr. du Cour. 1812, 1816.

Fam. 1. Alcyonid^e.

IAlcyonida;, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 174.

Les Alcyons, Cuv. Reg. Anim. iii. 320.

Polypi tubiferi, Lamk. An. s. Vert. ii. 403.

Alcyonaria, Blainv. Man. 519.

Lobulariada;, Johnst. in Trans. Berw. Nat. Club, i. 107 ; ./ E.

Gray in Syn. Brit. Mus. 135.

Halcyonina, Ehrenb. Corail. 56.

Alcvonina, Wiegm. Sf Ruthe, 595.

1. Alcyonium.

Alcyonium, Linn. ; Pallas, 1766 ; Lam. 1801 (not 1806) ; Lamx.
1812, 1816.

Lobularia, Lamk. 1816; Blainv.-, Ehrenb.

Cydonium (animal, not sponge), Fleming, 1828.

Achilleum, Oken, Lehrb. 1815, 82. =A. manus diaboli. A. pa-
pillosa.

Magina, Oken, Lehrb. 1815, 83. =A. lobatum.

Korkschwamin, Oken, Lehrb. 1815, 84. =A. arboreum.

54

BRITISH RADIATA.

1. Alcyonium digitatum.

Alcyonium ramosa digitatum, Raii Syn. 31. no. 2; Breyn. in
Ephem. Acad. Leopold, cent. 8. app. 159; Bast. Opusc. subs.
i. 24. t. 3. figs. 6, 7 (pessima).

Main de mer, Jussieu in Mem. Acad. Roy. des Sc. an. 1742, 294.
t. 9. fig. 1.

Dead man’s hand, or Dead man’s toes, Ellis, Corail. 83. no. 2.
pi. 32. fig. a. A. A. 2.

Alcyonium manus marina, Ellis in Phil. Trans, liii. 431. t. 20.
figs. 3 ?, 10.

Magina lobata digitata, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 83.

A. digitatum, Linn. Syst. 1294 ; Miill. Zool. Dan. Prod. 255; Fab.
Faun. Graenl. 447 ; Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 175. pi. 1. fig. 7 ;
Jameson in Wern. Mem. i. 563 ; Flem. in Edinb. Phil. Journ.ix.
251; Cuv. Reg. Anim. iii. 321; Templeton in Mag. Nat. Hist.
ix.470 ; Harvey inibid. n. s.i.475. figs. 56,57 (very inaccurate);
Macgillivray , Ann. 8f Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 465 ; Couch, Zooph.
Cornw. 27 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 58. pi. 13. fig. 2 ; Johnst. Brit.
Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 176. f. 38. t. 34.

Alcyonium molle, .Esper, p.56. 1. 18. B. fig. 42, encrusting the tube
of the Amphitrite.

Ale. lobatum, Pall. Elench. 351 ; Lamour. Cor. Flex. 336. pi. 12.
fig. 4, and pi. 13. fig. omn. ; Corall. 243. pi. 12. fig. 4, pi. 13
and pi. 14. fig. 1.

Lobularia lobatum, Deslong champs, E. M. 498.

Lobularia digitata, Lam. Hist. ii. 413, 2nd edit. ii. 631 ; Flem.
Brit. Anim. 515 ; Grant, Edinb. Journ. of Sc. no. 15 ; Stark,
Elem. ii. 421 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 250. pi. 8; Roget,
Bridgw. Treat, i. 162. fig. 56; Blainv. Actinol. 521 ; Ehrenb.
Corall. 57.

Lobularia grandiflora, Chamisso, Ehrenb. Corall. R. M. 5 7.
Alcyonium Cydonium, Mull. Zool. Dan. iii. p. 1. t. 8. figs. 4, 5.
Lobularia conoidea, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. 2nd edit. ii. 632 ; Des-
long champs, E. M.

Cydonium Mulleri, Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 28 (not of Fleming,
Brit. A., nor Blainv., which is a sponge).

Alcyonium exos., Spix, Ann. Mus. xiii. 451. 31.

Alcyonium pulmo, Esper, Supp. ii. t. 9, dry.

a, b, c. In spirits. Coast of Kent. W. E. Leach, 51. D.
d, e. Dry. Presented by J. E. Gray, Esq.

2. Alcyonium glomeratum.

Alcyonidium rubrum, Hassall, Ann. Nat. Hist. vii. 285.

Ale. glomeratum, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 178.
Alcyonidium glomeratum, Hassall, Ann. Nat. Hist. xi. 112.
Alcyonium sanguineum, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 60. pi. 13. fig. 1.
Inhab. Cornwall, Couch.

BRITISH RADIATA.

55

2, Sarcodictyon.

Sarcodictyon, E. Forbes ; Johnst. 1847-
Sarcorete, Johnst. MSS.

1. Sarcodictyon catenata.

Sarcodictyon catenata, E. Forbes; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.

2nd edit. p. 179. t. 33. fig. 4-7.

Sarcorete catenata, Johnst. MSS. Brit. Mus.

a. Scarborough. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

The dry specimen exactly resembles Zoanthus Couchii.

Fam. 2. Gorgoniad,e.

Ceratophytes, Cuv. Reg. Anim. iii. 309.

Poiypiers corticiferes, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 288.

Gorgoniadse, Flem. Brit. Anim. 511 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
2nd edit. p. 166.

Ceratophyta corticosa, Schweig. Handb. 432.

Corallia, Blainv. Man. 501.

Ceratocorallia s. Gorgonina, Ehrenb. Corail. 133.

Isidea, Ehrenb. Cora/l. 123.

Corallina, Wiegm. fy Rut he, Handb. 594, 1832.

Coralliadai, J. E. Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 134.

1. Gorgonia.

Gorgonia, Linn.; Lam. 1801.

Eunicea, sp. Ehrenb.

1. Gorgonia verrucosa.

Frutex marinus flabelliformis, Raii Hist. Plant, iii. 7 ; Sir H.

Sloane, Phil. Trans, abridg. 1746, ix. 198. pi. 4. fig. 4.
Keratophyton flabelliforme, cortiee verrucosa obductum, Raii
Syn. 32.

Erica marina alba frutescens, Petiv. Mus. cent. prim. 9. no. 50.
Lithophyte second, 3 and 8, Mars. Hist. Phys. de la Mer, p. 93.

pi. 17- fig. 81, p. 96. pi. 18. fig. 82, p. 104. pi. 21. fig. 97-100.
Warted Sea-fan, Borl. Cornw. 238. t. 24. fig. 1.

Gorgonia verrucosa, Linn. Syst. 1291 ; Pall. Elench. 196; Ellis
and Soland. Zooph. 89 ; Esper, PJlanz. Gorg. t. 16. figs. 1,2;
Carol. Polyp. Mar. 29. t. 1. fig. 1-11, t. 4. fig. 1-16; Lamk.
Anim. s. Vert. 2nd edit. ii. 491 ; Lamk. M4m. du Mus. ii. 82 ;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 512 ; I). Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iii. 24
and 27. t. 33. fig. 4-7 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 26 ; Corn. Faun.
iii. 56. pi. 12. fig. 1 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 167.
t. 32. fig. 1.

56

BRITISH RADIATA.

Gorg. viminalis, Sow. Brit. Misc. 81. pi. 40; not Pallas nor
Esper, t. 11.

Eunicea verrucosa, Ehrenb. Corall. 136.

a. Devonshire, J. Couch, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

2. Gorgonia pinnata.

Gorgonia pinnata, Linn. Syst. edit. x. 802; Linn. Syst. 1292;
Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 254 ; Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 8/.
t. 14. fig. 3; Rathke, Mull. Zool. Dan. iv. 37- t. 153; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 168. t. 33. figs. 1-3, not Lamk.
n. 17 ?

G. viminalis. Walker, Wern. Mem. i. 560.

a. Zetland, E. Forbes, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

2. Muricea.

Muricea, Lamk. Gen. Pol. ; Blainv.

Gorgonia, sp. Pallas, Lamk.

1. Muricea Plaeomus.

Warted Sea-fan, Ellis, Corall. 67. no. 1. t. 27- figs. a. A. 1, 2,3.
Gorgonia Plaeomus, Pall. Elench. 201 ; Linn. Syst. 1290; Ellis
and Soland. Zooph. 86; Esper, Gorgon, t. 33, 34, and 34 A;
Lamk. Mem. du Mus. ii. 83; Anim. s. Vert. ii. 316, 2nd edit,
ii. 492 ; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 469 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 512 ;
Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 25; Corn. Faun. iii. 55. pi. 12. fig. 2;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 169. t. 32. fig. 2.
Muricea Plaeomus, Ehrenb. Roth. Meer. 134?

Inhab. “ Coast of Cornwall,” Ellis. A doubtful native.

3. Pterogorgia.

Pterogorgia, Ehrenb. Corall. 145.

Gorgonia, sp. Pallas, Lamk.

Gorgonia A, Blainv. Man. 469.

1. Pterogorgia anceps.

Keratopliyton dichotomum, caule et ramulis leviter compressis,
Raii Syn. 32.

Sea Willow, Ellis, Corall. 68. no. 2. t. 27- fig. g.

Gorgonia anceps, Pall. Elench. 183 ; Ellis Sf Soland. Zooph. 89 ;
Gmel. Syst. 1292; Esper, Pflanz. Gorg. t. 7- fig- 1-3; Lamk.
Anim. s. Vert. ii. 317, ed. 2. ii. 494 ; Lamour. Cor. Flex. 395 ;
Lamk. Mem. du Mus. ii. 84; Hist. ii. 317, 2nd edit. ii. 494;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 169. fig. 36. t. 32. fig. 3.
Pterogorgia anceps, Ehrenb. Corall. 145.

Inhab. Margate, Dale. A doubtful native.

BRITISH RADIATA.

5/

4. Primnoa.

Primnoa, Lamouroux, Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, 188; Johnst. Brit.

Zooph. 2nd edit. 171 ; Blainv. D. S. N. lx. 474.

Gorgonia, sp. Pallas.

Gorgonia C, Blainv. Man.

1. Primnoa lepadifera.

Reseda similis maritima, Raii Hist. PI. i. 68.

Gorgonia reseda, Pall. Blench. 204.

Gorgonia lepadifera, Linn. Syst. 1289 ; Bast. Opusc. subs. ii. 130.
t. 13. fig. 1 ; Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 84. t. 13. figs. 1, 2;
Jameson, IVern. Mem. i. 560 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 430 ; Lam. Hist.
An. s. Vert. ii. 323, 2nd edit. 507-
Primnoa lepadifera, Lamour. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 188;
Corall. Flex. 223; Flem. Brit. Anim. bVS; Ekrenb. Corall. 133;
Blainv. Act. 510. pi. 87. fig. 6; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
2nd edit. p. 171. fig. 37.

a. ? • Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

Doubtful Natives.

1. Iris hippuris, Linn.; Ellis, Zooph. 105. t. 3. figs. 1, 5.
Inliab. West Indies. East coast of Scotland, Walker. Orkney,

Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 560.

2. Iris extrochus, Turt. Brit. Faun. 206, is the stem of a fossil
Pentacrinus.

Suborder II. LIBERA.
Polypes flottans, Lam. 1812, 1816.

Pam. 1. Pennatulid,®.

Peunatula, Linn. Syst.x. 818; Pall. Elench. 362; Linn. Syst. 1321.
ii Les Pennatules, Cuv. Rey. Anim. iii. 317, 1817-
Polypi natantes, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 413, 1816.

Pennatididse, F/ew. Brit. Anim. 507 ; J. E. Gray, Syn.Brit. Mas.
132; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 157-
!i Pennae marinae, Schweiy. Handb. 401, 1820.
j Pennatularia, Blainv. Diet. S. N. lx. 476, 1830 ; Man. 512, 18. '44.
J Calamites, Latr. Fain. Nat. 543.

Pennatulina, Ehrenb. Corall. des Roth. Meer. 63.

1. Pennatula.

Pennatula, sp. Linn.

Pennatula, Lamk. 1801, 1816; Cuvier, 1817-

c 5

58

BRITISH RADIATA.

1. Pennatula phospliorea.

Penna marina, Imp. Ital. 650; Planch. Conch. 108. t. 8. E. D. ;
Sib. Scot. ii. lib. tert. 28.

Penna marina rubra, Albin, Annot. Acad. i. t. 6. figs. 3,4, 5;
Ellis, Phil. Trans, liii. 434. t. 21. figs. 1, 2, 3 (419. t. 19. fig.
1-4, var. fi. Pallas).

Penna rubra, Bohad. Anim. Mar. 101. pi. 8. figs. 1-3.
Pennatula phospliorea, Linn. Syst. 1332; Ellis, Phil. Trans, liii.
420. pi. 19. figs. 1-5 ; Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 255. no. 3075 ;
Esper, PJlanz. Pennat. t. iii. figs. 1-3 ; Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 294 ;
Wern. Mem. i. 565; Turt. Brit. Faun. 217 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 450 ;
Blumenb. Man. 274 ; Lam. Syn. 380 ; Anim. s. Vert. ii. 426,
2nd edit. ii. 643; Cuv. Reg. Anim. 2nd edit. iii. 318; Blainv.
Man. Act. 517; Ehretib.Roth.Meer.66; Flem. Brit. Anim. 507 ;
Stark, Elem. ii. 420; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 248. pi. 7 ;
Roc/et, Bridgw. Treat, i. 174. figs. 71, 72 (bad); Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 157- fig. 35.

P. rubra, Pall. Elench. 368.

P. Britannica, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 61.

Pennatole fosforea, Delle Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iii. 4 and 1 1 .
t. 31. fig. 15.

a. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c, d. Dry. Coast of England.
e,f. Dry. Orkney. Hebrides.

2. V IRGULARI A.

Virgularia, Lamk. 1816; Blainv. Diet. S. N. lx. 1830, 478.
Virgulaire, Lamk. 1812 (no char.).

Scirpearia, Templeton, not Cuvier.

1. Virgularia mirabilis.

Pennatula mirabilis, Linn. Syst. 1322 ; Mull. Zool. Dan. i. p. 1 1 .
t. 11. figs. 1-3; Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 63; Sowerby, Brit.
Misc. 51. pi. 25; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 565.

Virgularia mirabilis, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 430, 2nd edit. ii. 647 ;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 507 ; Grant, Edinb. Journ. of Set. no. 14 ;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 161. t. 30.

Scirpearia mirabilis, Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 470.

La Virgulaire a ailes laches, Blainv. Act. 514. pi. 90. fig. 3.
a, b, c. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
d, e. Dry. South Devon. G. Montague, Esq.

3. Pavonaria.

? Funiculine, Lam. Ext. du Cour. 1812.

Funieulina, sp. Lam. Hist. 'u. 423, 1816.

Pavonaria, Cuv. 1817 ; Blainv. Diet. S. N. lx. 480, 1830; Ehrenb.
Cor. R.M. 1834; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 1847.

BRITISH RADIATA.

59

1. Pavonaria quadrangularis.

Pennatula, Ellis, Phil. Trans, liii. t. 20. fig. 8.

Pennae piscis, Bohads. An. Mar. 112. t. 9. figs. 4, 5.

Pennatula quadrangularis, Pall. Elench. 372.

Pennatula antennina, Linn. Syst. 1323; Ellis ^ Soland. Zooplt. 63.
Funiculina tetragona, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 423, 2nd edit. 641.
Pavonaria antennina, Cuvier ; Schweiy. Handb. 435 ; Ehrenb.
Corail, des Roth. Meer. 64.

Pavonaria quadrangularis, Blainv. Jet. 516. pi. 90. fig. 1 ( copied
from Bohadsch) ; Forbes, Ann. Nat. Hist. xiv. 414; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 164. t. 31 ; Forbes, Rep. Brit.
Assoc. 1845, 66.

a, b. Dry. North Sea. Presented by G. MacAndrew, Esq.

Order III. POLYPIARIA.

Les Sertulairiens, Audouin Sr M. Edwards in Lam. Anim. s. Vert.
ii. 105.

Zoophyta hydroida, Johnst. Mag. Zool. Sp Bot. i. 447-
Polypiaria, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 133.

Poly piaria part., Blainv. Diet. S. N. 1830; Man. Act. 1834.
Nudibrachiata, Farre, Phil. Trans. 1837-
Iiydrozoa, Owen, Led. 82.

Anthozoa hydroida, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. 5.

Suborder I. TUBULARINA.

Tubularia, Linn. Syst. Nat.

Tubularina, Ehrenb. Corail, des Roth. Meer. p. 70; Johnst. Brit.
Zooph. 2nd edit. 29.

Tubularidse, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 1st edit. 1837-
Les Tubulaires, Van Beneden.

Fam. 1. CorynidvE.

Corynida Johnst. Trans. Berw. Club( 1836), p. 107 ; Hist. Brit.
Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 30.

Corynaida;, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. (1840), p. 76.

Coryne, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 61 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 553;

Blainv. Man. Act. 471 ; Schweig. Handb. 409.

Les Corines, Cuvier, Reg. Anim. iii. 295.

Tubularia; pars, Pallas, Spic. Zool. fasc. x. pp. 36, 37.

Hydra; pars, Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod. p. 230.

60

BRITISH RADIATA.

1. Clava.

Clava, Gmelin, Berl. Mag. 1775; Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 50, 1815;

Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 29.

? Fistulana, Okcn, Lehrb. Nat. 55, 1815.

Corina, Leach, MSS. Brit. Mas. 1819.

Coryna, Ehrenb. Corail. 1834.

1. Clava multicomis.

Polyporam species margin? concliae insidentes. Bast. Opusc.
subs. i. 44. t. 5. fig. 2 c.

Zoophyton minutum Coryne simillimum, Pall. Spic. Zool. fast-, x.
36. t. 4. fig. 9 d. D. E. P.

Hydra multicomis, Forsk. Desc. Anim. 131. no. 87. t. 26 B. b,
copied in Encyclop. Method, pi. 69. figs. 12, 13.

Coryna multicomis, Ehrenb. Corail. des. roth. Meer. 69; Lam.
Anim. s. Vert. 2nd edit. ii. 74 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist.
ix. 419; Blainv. Act. 471.

Molluscum, Mull. Besch. der Berl. Gesell. Nat. 400. t. 5. figs. 3, 4.
Hydra squamata, Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 230. no. 2786; Zool.
Dan. i. 3. t. 4. figs. 1-3, copied in Encyclop. Method, pi. 69.
figs. 10, 11 ; Fabr. Faun. Grant. 34 7.

Coryne squamata, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 51 ; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii.
62, 2nd edit. ii. 73; Jameson, Wern.Mem. i. 565; Flem. Edinb.
Phil. Journ. ii. 87 ; Phil. Zool. ii. 616. t. 5. fig. 1 ; Brit. Anim.
553; Coldstream, Edinb. New Phil. Journ. ix. 234; Blainv. Act.
471 ; Stark, Elem. ii. 443; Sars, Bidr. til Soedyr. 1. p. 1 ;
Johnst. Br. Zooph. 109. pi. 2. fig. 1-3 ; Hassall, Ann. fy May.
Nat. Hist. vii. 283; Macgilliv. ibid. ix. 463; Couch, Zooph.
Cornw.2; Corn. Faun. iii. 11. pi. 1. fig. 1; VanBeneden.Tubul.
60. pi. 5. figs. 1-14.

Clava parasitica, Turt. Gmel. iv. 100.

Tubularia affinis, Turt. Gmel. iv. 668; Turt. Brit. Faun. 210;
Stew. Elem. ii. 438.

Fistulana multicomis, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 55.

Clava multicomis, Johnst. Hist. B. Z. p. 30. pi. 1. figs. 1-3. 467-

a. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. In spirits (“ Corina, Leach MSS.”). S. coast of Devon.
Presented by J. Cranch, Esq.

2. Hydractinia.

Hydractinia, Van Beneden, Bull. Acad. Brux. xii. 1841 ; Johnst.

Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. 34.

Ecliinochorium, Hassall, Ann. N. H. xv. 248, 1841.

Synhydra, Quatrefages.

? Dysmorpliosa, Philippi.

Podocoryna, Sars, Faun. Lit. Norveg. i. 4.

Alcyonium, sp. Blainv. 1830.

BRITISH RAD I AT A.

61

1. Hydra ctinia echinata.

Alcyonium echinatum, Flem. Brit. Anim. 517; Johnst. Trans.
Newc. Soc. ii. 251 . t. 9. fig. 2 ; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 488 ;
Man. Act. 525; Gray, Zool. i. 204; Gould, Massachus. 351.
Alcyonidium echinatum, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 304. t. 42. figs. 3, 4 ;
Couch, Corn. Faun. 134.

Hydractinia echinata, Johnst. B. Z. ed. 2. 34. 1. 1. figs. 4-6. 467-
Coryne squamata var., Johnst. Brit. Zooph. iii. t. 2. figs. 4, 5 ;

Couch, Corn. Faun. 12. t. 1. fig. 2.

Echinocorium clavigerum, Hassall, Ann. § Mag. N. H. vii. 371.

t. 10. fig. 5, xii. 117; Macgill. Ann. ($• Mag. N. JI. ix. 463.
Hydractinia lactea, Van Beneden, Tubul. 64. t. 6. figs. 7~ 14 ;
Ann. Nat. Hist. xv. 250.

Coryne Hassalli, Forbes, Ann. Nat. Hist. xii. 189.

Synhydra parasites, Quutrefages, Ann. Sc. Nat. xx. 232. t. 8, 9.

a. Berwick Bay, on shells. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c. Devonshire, on shells. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
d. Coldingham, on shells. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Hydractinia? (Alderi).

Hydractinia Alderi, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. 463. fig. 79 a.
Inhab. Coast of Northumberland, Newbiggin-by-the-Sea, J.
Alder, Esq.

3. Hydractinia? minuticornis ?

Hydra corynaria, Templeton, Mag. N. H. ix. 419. f. 58; Johnst.

Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. 36. fig. 4 ; not Bose.

Hydra lutea, Flem. Brit. Anim. 554; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i.
565 ; not Bose.

Hydra littoralis, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 1st edit. 98.

? Hydra minuticornis, Muller, Zool. Dan. Prod. n. 2788.

Inhab. Belfast Lough, 1810, Templeton.

Coryne, Gcertn. in Pallas, Spic. Zool. x. 40 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph.

2nd edit. 3.9.

Stipula, Sars.

Syncoryna, Ehrenb. Roth. Meer. 70.

Hermia, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 111.

Capsularia, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 55, 1815.

1. Coryne pusilla.

Coryne pusilla, Gcertn. in Pallas, Spic. Zool. fasc. x. 40. t. 4. fig. 8,
cop. m Encyclop. Method, pi. 69. figs. 15, 16; Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. 39. 467- t. 2.

Tubularia Coryne, Pallas in lib. cit. ; Tart. Gmel. iv. 668 ; Turt.
Brit. Faun. 210.

62

BRITISH RADIATA.

Hydra ramosa, Fabr. Faun. Grcenl. 348.

Coryne glandulosa, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 62, 2nd edit. ii. 74 ;
Flem. Edinb. Phil. Journ. ii. 87, & viii. 295 ; Phil. Zool. ii.
616. t. 5. fig. 2 ; Brit. Anim. 553 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc.
ii. 253, &Mag. Nat. Hist. v. 631. fig. 110 ; Blainv. Act. 471.
pi. 85. figs. 3, 3 a, copied from Gartner.

Syncoryna pusilla, Ehrenb. Corail, des Roth. Meer. 70 ; Van Be-
ne den, Les Tubul. 53. pi. 3. figs. 1-10.

Hermia glandulosa, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 111. vign. no. 12, and
pi. 4. figs. 1, 2; Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist.v. 249; Hassall,
Ann. Nat. Hist. vii. 283. pi. 6. fig. 2 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 3,
and Corn. Faun. iii. 12. pi. 1. fig. 3.

Var. a. Cor. pusilla, Ehrenb., not Gartn.; Johnst. 1. c. t. 4. figs.

1,2.

b. Cor. Listerii, Johnst. 1. c. 41. t. 2.

Coryne, Lister, Phil. Trans. 1834, 376. t. 10. fig. 3.
Syncoryna Listen, Van Bened. Tubul. 54. t. 3. figs. 11, 12.

c. Cor. ramosa, Ehrenb. Corall. 71; Johnst. 1. c. 42. t. 6.

figs. 4, 5.

Tubularia muscoides, Linn. S. N. 1 302 ; Agardh, K. V.
Akad. Handl. 1816, 256. t. 7- fig. 1 ; Thompson, Ann.
N. H. v. 250; Lamx. Exp. Meth. 17- t. 68. figs. 6, 7-
Fistularia muscoides. Mull. Zool. Han. Prod. 254.
Fistulaua muscoides, O. Fabr. Faun. Green. 442.

d. C. Chamissonis, Johnst. 1. c. 43.

Coryna ramosa, Chamisso and Eysenh. Nov. Act. Acad.
Cur. x. 370. t. B. fig. 3.

Syncoryna Chamissonis, Ehrenb. Cor. Roth. Meer. 71 ;
Van Beneden, Tubul. 55 ; Ann. N. H. xv. 249.
a, b, c. Devonshire. Miss Amelia Griffiths. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Strangford Lough. W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

e. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

If. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
g. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

4. CORDYLOPHORA.

Cordylophora, Allman, Ann. N. II. xiii. 330 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph.
2nd edit. 44.

1. Cordylophora lacustris.

Cordylophora lacustris, Allman, Ann. N. H. xiii. 330; Johnst.

Hist. Brit. Zooph. p. 44. fig. 5.

Inliab. Dublin, Grand Dock, Allman.

BRITISH RADIATA.

63

Fam. 2. Tubulariad.£.

Tubulariadae, Johnst. Trans. Berw. Cl. 107 ; Gray, Syn. Brit.

Mus. 76; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. p. 45.

Tubularia, Linn. Syst. edit. 10, i. 803; Balias, Blench. 79 ; Linn.
Syst. 1301 ; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 108; Blainv. Act. 469;
Schweiy. Handb. 424.

Fistularia, Muller, Zool. Han. Prod. 32.

Calamella, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 53, 1815.

1. Eudendrium.

Calamella, sp. Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 53, and Introd. iv.
Eudendrium, Ehrenb. Roth. Meer. 72.

Fistularia, sp. Miiller-, Lamx. 1812.

? Siphorus, Rafinesque, Caratt. Nov. Generi, 96, 1810.

1. Eudendrium ramosum.

Corallina tubularia gracilis et ramosa, axillis ramulorum con-
tortis, Ellis, Coral/. 31. no. 3. t. 16. fig. A. & t. 17- figs, a, A.
Tubularia ramosa, Linn. Syst. x. 804 ; Linn. Syst. 1302; Soland.
Zooph. 32 ; Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 2/6 ; Berk. Syn. i. 214 ; Turt.
Brit. Faun. 210; Stew. Elem. ii. 437 ; R em. Mem. i. 563;
Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 110, 2nd edit. ii. 126; Lamx. Corail.
Trans. 101 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 552 ; Blainv. Act. 470. pi. 30.
fig. 3, copied from Ellis ; Hogg's Stock. 34 ; Stark, Elem. ii.
44 1 . pi. 8. fig. 15, from Ellis ; Templeton, Mag. N. H. ix. 466 ;
Thompson, Ann. N. H. v. 250 ; Lamx. Exp. Meth. 17 ; Couch,
Zooph. Cornw. 4; Corn. Faun. iii. 14; Gould’s Massachus. 350.
Tubularia Sertularia ramosa, Dalyell, Anim. Scotl. i. 64. t. 11.
Tubularia triehoides, Pall. Elench. 84; Lamx. Corail. 101;
Blainv. Act. 470.

Fistularia ramosa, Miill. Zool. Dan. Prod. 254 (not Fistularia
ramosa, O. Fabr.).

Eudendrium ramosum, Ehrenb. Corail. Roth. Meer. 72; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. p. 46. t. 6. figs. 1, 2, 3. 467 ; not Van Be-
neden.

a. Devonshire, Mrs. Griffith. PresentedbyG. Johnston, M.D.

b. Frith of Forth. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Bootle. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. Northumberland. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

f. Isle of Man, E. Forbes, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

2. Tubularia.

Tubularia, sp. Linn. Syst. Nat.; Lamx. Bull. Soc.Philom. Ill,
1812; Ehrenb. Roth. Meer. 71 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. edit 1
edit. 2. 48.

64

BRITISH RADIATA.

Calatnella, sp. Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 55, 1815.

Eudendrium, sp. Ehrenb. Roth. Meer. 72, 1834.

Tubularia ft Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 665, 1798.

1. Tubularia indivisa.

Remarkable Sea-plant, Lhwyd, Phil. Trans, abridg. vi. 73. pi. 3.
fig- 1-

Adianti aurei minimi facie planta marina, Rail Syn. 31. no. 4 ;

Jussieu, Mem. Acad. Roy. des Sc. 1742, p. 296. t. 10. tig. 2.
Tubular Coralline like oaten pipes, Ellis, Phil. Trans, xlviii. t. 17-
tig. D ; Phil. Trans, abridg. x. 453. pi. 10. fig. D ; Ellis, Corail.
31. no. 2. t. 16. fig. 6, copied in Esper, Tubul. t. 2 7. fig. 1-
Tubularia indivisa, Linn. Syst. x. 803 ; Linn. Syst. 1301 ; Ellis
and Soland. Zooph. 31 ; Berk. Syn. i. 214 ; Blurnenb. Man.
272 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 210 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 437 ; Jameson,
Wern. Mem. i. 563 ; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 110, 2nd edit. ii.
125; Lamx. Cor. Flex. 230; Expos. Method. 17; Cuv. Reg.
Anim. iii. 299 ; Bose, Vers, iii. 89. pi. 28. fig. 5, a reduced
copy from Ellis •, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 55 ; Cuv. Tab. Elem. 665 ;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 552 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 252 ;
Dalyell, Edinb. New Phil. Journ. xvii. 411 & xxi. 93, & Re//.
Brit. Assoc. 1834, 600; Anim. Scotl. i. t. 1, 2, 3, 4 ; Lister,
Phil. Trans. 1834, 366. pi. 8. fig. 1 ; Harvey, Mag. Nat. Hist,
n. s. ii. 511 ; Gould’s Massachus. 350 ; Thompson, Ann. Nat.
Hist. v. 250; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 3; Corn. Faun. iii. 13.
pi. 2. figs. 1, 2; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. p. 49. t. 3. figs. 1,
2. 467.

Tubularia calamaris, Pallas, Elench. 81 ; Ehrenb. C. R. M. 71-
Tubularia gigantea, Lamx. Expos. 17- t. 68. fig. 5.

La Tubulaire chalumeau, Blainv. Act. 470.

a, b. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Tubularia Dumortierii.

Tubularia Dumortierii, Van Beneden, Les Tubul. 50. pi. 2 ;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 50. t. 7- figs. 1. 2.
a. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Tubularia Larynx.

Var. a. The tubes simple or undivided.

Eucus Dealensis fistulosus, laryngae similis, Rail Syn. i. 39. no. 8 ;
Petiv. Oper. iii. 39. no. 406; Ellis, Phil. Trans, abridg. x. 453.
pi. 10. fig. c, & xi. pi. 5. fig. 3, young.

Tubulous Coralline wrinkled like the windpipe, Ellis, Coral!. 30.
no. 1. t. 16. fig. b.

Corallina tubularia laryngi similis. Bast. Opusc. subsec. 41. t. 2.
figs. 3, 4, & t. 3. figs. 2—4.

BRITISH RADIATA.

Tubularia muscoides, Pall. Elench. 82 ; Berk. Syn. i. 214 ; Turt.
Brit. Faun. 210; Esper, Tub. t. 4. figs. 1, 2 {the figures in t. 4
are all copied from Baster.) ; Stew. Elem. ii. 438; Lamour.
Corall. 101 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 552.

Tubularia Larynx, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 31 ; Lam. Anim. s.
Vert. ii. 110, 2nd edit. ii. 126; Hogg’s Stock. 34 ; Thompson ,
Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 250 ; Hassall, Ann. <§- Mag. Nat. Hist. vii.
284 ; Macgillivruy, ibid. ix. 463 ; Gould’s Massachus. 350 ;
Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 51. t. 3. fig. 3, & t. 5. figs. 3,
4. 467 ; Dalyell, Anim. Scotl. i. 42. t. 5.

Yar. /3. The tubes subramose. Tub. ramosa, Esper, Tub. t. 9.
figs. 1-3.

Eudendrium bryoides, Ehrenh. Corall. des Roth. Meer. 72.
Windpipe Coralline, Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 4 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 13.
pi. 2. fig. 3.

a. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. From bottom of a vessel from Halifax to Liverpool, and
from thence to Belfast, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented
bv G. Johnston, M.D.

c. Var. /3. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

4. Tubularia gracilis.

Tubularia gracilis, Harvey, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 54 ; Johnst.

Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. t. 4. figs. 3, 4, 5.

Tub. Larynx, var. /3, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 116.

Tub. Calamaris, Van Beneden, Les Tubul. 46. pi. 1. figs. 1-6.
Inhab. Devonport, on chains of floating bridge, Harvey.

| 5. Tubularia polyceps.

, Tubularia polyceps, Dalyell, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1834, 601 ; Edinb.

New Phil. Journ. xxi. 93; Anim. Scotl. i. t. 12 to 21.

I Inhab. Scotland.

I Note. Tubularia flabelliformis, Adans. Linn. Trans, v. 12, is a

minute Diatomacea.

3. Corymorpha.

i I Corymorpha, Sars, Besk. 7 ; Forbes and Goodsir; Johnst. Brit.
Zooph. 2nd edit. 53.

I I Ellisia, Forbes, Athenaeum, 1840.

If I 1. Corymorpha nutans.

I 1 Corymorpha nutans, Sars, Besk. 7- pi- 1- fig. 3; Forbes and
Goodsir, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 310; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
2nd edit. p. 54. t. 7- figs. 3, 6.

Ellisia flos-maris, Forbes and Goodsir, Athenaeum, 1840; Ann.
Nat. Hist. v. 310, 1840.

a. In spirits. Orkney, Stromncss, E. Forbes. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

66

BRITISH RADIATA.

2. CORYMORPHA ?

Corymorplia ?, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. 463. fig. 79 b.

Suborder II. SERTULARINA.
Sertularia, Linn.

Sertularina, Ehrenb. Corail, des Roth. Meer. p. 73.

Fam. Sertulariad^e.

Sertulariadse pars, Flem. Brit. Anim. 538.

Les Sertularies pars, Blainv. Act. 4 72.

Sertulariadse, Johnst. Trans. Berw. Cl. 107 ; Gray, Syn. Brit.

Mus. 76; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 57.
Sertularise pars, Pall. Elench. 106; Linn. Syst. 1306; Soland.
Zooph. 32.

Sertulariees pars, Lamour. Expos. Meth. 9.

1. IIalecium.

Halecium, Oken, Lehrb.Nat.9\, 1815; Schweiger, 1820 ; Johnst.

Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. 58.

Thoa, Lamour. 1816; Blainv. 1S30.

Laomedea, sp. Lamx. 1812.

Campanularia, sp. Blainv. 1830.

Ilalecina, J. V. Thompson, MSS.

1. Halecium Ilalecinum.

Corallina scruposa pennata, cauliculis crassiusculis rigidis, Raii
Syn. i. 36. no. 15.

Herring-bone Coralline, Ellis, Phil. Trans, abridg. x. 454. pi. 10.
figs. E, F, G; Corail. 17- no. 15. pi. 10; Phil. Trans, xlviii.
506. pi. 17. figs./, E.

Sertularia Ilalecina, Linn. Syst. 1308 ; Pall. Elench. 113 ; Fabr.
Faun. Grrs.nl. 443 ; Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 288 ; Ellis and Soland.
Zooph. 46; Berk. Syn. i. 217; Esper, PJlanz. Serf. t. 21.
figs. 1, 2 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 213 ; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 119,
2nd edit. ii. 146; Flem. Brit. Anim. 542; Johnst. Trans.
Newc. Soc. ii. 259. pi. 12. fig. 2; Daly ell, Anim. Scotl. i. 162.
t. 27, 28, 29, 30.

Thoa Halecina, Lamour. Cor. Flex. 211 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat.
Hist. ix. 568; Blainv. Act. 488. pi. 84. figs. 4, 4a; Lamour.
Expos. Meth. 14; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 167 ;
Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 5; Corn. Faun. iii. 15. pi. 3.

Halecium Ilalecinum, Schweig. Handb. 426 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit.

Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 59. t. 8. p. 468.

Halecina Ellisii, J. V. Thompson, MSS.

BRITISH RADIATA.

67

a. Cork. J. V. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

b, c, d, e, h. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
f, g. Ireland ; Bangor, co. Down, W. Thompson, Esq.

Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
t. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Halecium rameum.

Tubularia ramea, Pall. Elench. 83; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 117.
pi. 5. figs. 1, 2; Hassall, Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 167 ;
Macgillivray, ibid. ix. 463 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 4 ; Corn.
Faun. iii. 15.

Tubularia Sertularia ramea, Dalyell, Anim. Scotl. i. 50. t. 6, 7 , 9,
!0.

Thoa Savignvi, Lamx. Exp. Meth. 15. t. 67- figs. 5, 6 (bad).
Tubularia ramosa, Johnst. Trans. Neivc. Soc. ii. 253. pi. 10.
Eudendrium rameum, Johnst. B. Z. p. 45. t. 5. figs, 1, 2. 467.
a, b, c. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
d. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. IIalecium Beanii.

'Thoa Beanii, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 120. pi. 7- figs. 1, 2 ; Thomp-
son, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 250 ; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist.
vi. 167 ; Dalyell, Anim. Scotl. i. 16.9. t. 33. fig. 31.

Halecium Beanii, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 59. t. 9.
figs. 1,2.

a. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

b. Whiteburn, Northumberland. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

c. Carrickfergus, Belfast, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

4. Halecium muricatum.

Sertularia muricata, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 59. pi. 7- figs. 3, 4 ;
Esper, PJlanz. Serf. t. 31. figs. 1,2; Don’s PI. and Anim. of
Forfar, 36; Turt. Brit. Faun. 215; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i.
564; Flem. Brit. Anim. 543; Hogg’s Stockton, 34.

Laomedea muricata, Lamour. Cor. Flex. 209.

Campanularia muricata, Blainv. Act. 4 73.

Thoa muricata, Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 5; Corn. Faun. iii. 16;
Macgillivray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 463 ; Dalyell, Anim.
Scotl. i. 173. t. 32.

Halecium muricatum, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 61.
t. 9. figs. 3, 4.

a. Tay near Dundee, W. Jackson, Esq. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

68

BRITISH RADIATA.

b. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

c. Frith of Forth. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Sertularella.

Sertularia, sp. Lamx. 1812 ; Blainv. 1830.

Sertularia, sp. Linn.

Sertularia a, Oken, Lelirb. Nat. 92, 1818; Johnst. Brit. Zooph.
2nd edit. 61.

1. Sertularella polyzonias.

Corallina minus ramosa. Rail Syn. 35. no. 13. t. 2. fig. 4.

Great Tooth Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 5. no. 3. pi. 2. figs. a. A,
b. B, & pi. 38. fig. 1 A.

Corallina pennata et siliquata, Bast. Opusc. i. 42. pi. 2. fig. 7
(pessima).

Sertularia polyzonias, Linn. Syst. x. 813; Linn. Syst. 1312;
Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 37; Berk. Syn. i. 219; Esper,
Pflanz. Serf. t. 6. figs. 1-6; Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 290; Turt.
Gmel. iv. 683; Blumenb. Man. 273; Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92;
Turt. Brit. Faun. 216; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 564; Stew.
Elem. ii. 447 ; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 117, 2nd edit. ii. 142;
Lamour. Cor. Flex. 190; Risso, I’Europ. Merid.v. 130; Bose,
Vers, iii. 119; D. Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iv. 141 ; Hogg’s
Stock. 31 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 542 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc.
ii. 256 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 468 ; Blainv. Act. 480;
Hassall, Ann 4" Mag. N. H. vi. 167 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 6 ;
Corn. Faun. iii. 1 7 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 2nd edit. p. 61 .
pi. 10. figs. 1-3. 468; Dalyell, Anim. Scotl. i. 134. t. 22.
Sertularia flexuosa, Linn. Syst. x. 814. no. 34.

Sertularia ericoides, Pall. Elench. 127 ; Esper, Pflanz. Serf.
t. 12. figs. 1, 2.

Sertolara polizonia, Cavol. Polip. Mar. 224. t. 8. figs. 12-14.
Sertularia Gayi, Lamour. Expos. Method. 12. t. 66. figs. 8, 9
(var. /3.), fig. bona.

Sertularia pinnata, Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 468 (var. a.);

Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 250.

Sertularia liibernica, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 128.

Sertularia Ellisii, M. Edwards, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. 2nd edit. ii.
142; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 123; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 6;
Corn. Faun. iii. 17.

Var. a. Frondose, diffuse, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed.2. pi. 10. fig. 1 .
Sert. den tic ul ata, Montag. Coll. B. M.

Sert. pennata, Templeton, Mag. N. H. ix. 468.

BRITISH RADIATA.

69

Yar. j3. Caulescent, pinnate, Johnst. B. Z. ed. 2. pi. 10. fig. 2.
Sert. polyzonias, Mont. Coll. B. M.

Sert. Gayi, Lamour, Exp. Meth. 12. t. 66. figs. 8, 9.
a, b, c, q, r. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
d, e,f. Devonshire, Mrs. Griffith. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

g. Northumberland. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

h, i,j. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

k, l. Ayrshire, P. W. Martin, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

m. Zetland, E. Forbes, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

n. Cornwall, R. Q. Couch, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

o. p. Cornwall, C.W. Peach. PresentedbyG. Johnston, M.D.
2. Sertularella rugosa.

Snail trefoil Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 26. no. 23. t. 15. fig. a. A.
Sertularia rugosa, Linn. Syst. 1308; Pall. Elench. 126; Ellis
and Soland. Zooph. 52; Fabr. Faun. Graenl. 443; Esper,
PJlanz. Sert. t. 11. figs. 1-4; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 121,
ed. 2. ii. 149; Flsm. Brit. Anim. 542; Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92;
Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 257. pi. 11. fig. 3 ; Couch, Zooph.
Cornw. 6; Corn. Faun. iii. 18; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
ed. 2..p. 63. t. 10. figs. 4-6. 468.

Clytia rugosa, Lamour. Cor. Flex. 204 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat.
Hist. ix. 466.

La Campanulaire rugueux, Blainv. Act. 473.

Sertularia patagonica, D’Orb. Amer. Merid.

a, b, c. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
d. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

3. Sertularia.

Sertularia, Linn. ; Lamk. Syst. 382, 1800.

Dynamena, Lamx. 1812; Blainv. 1830.

Sertularia, sp. Lamk. 1816.

Sertularia /3, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 64, 1847-

* Branches pinnate, simple. Sertularia, Lam.

1. Sertularia rosacea.

Lily or Pomegranate-flowering Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 8. no. 7-
pi. 4. fig. a. A ; Phil. Trans, abridg. x. 492. pi. 12. fig. 5. s.-Il.
Sertularia rosacea, Linn. Syst. 1306 ; Ellis and Soland. Zooph.
39 ; Esper, PJlanz. Sert. t. 20. figs. 1-3; Lam. Anim. s. Vert.
ii. 119; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 258; Templeton, l. c.
468; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 7 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 18; Macgilliv.

70

BRITISH RADIATA.

Ann. Nat. Hist. ix. 463 ; Jolinst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.
p. 64. t. 11. fig. 1. 468. fig. 83 ; Dalyell, Anim. Scotl. i. 159.
t. 26. figs. 1-13.

Sert. Nigellastrum, Pall. Blench. 129.

Sert. abietina?, Fabr. Faun. Grant. 442.

Dynamena rosacea, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184; Cor.
Flex. 175 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 544.

a. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Devonshire, Mrs. Griffith. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

c. Zetland, E. Forbes, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. f, g, h, i. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

j. Tay, near Dundee, TV. Jackson, Esq. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

k Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented hy G. John-
ston, M.D.

1. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Sertularia puniila.

Corallina pumila repens, Rail Syn. i. 37- no. 19.

C. pumila ereeta, ramosior, Ibid. 37- no. 20. pi. 2. fig. 1.

Muscus marinus, Morris, Plant. Hist. iii. 650. t. 9. fig. 2 ;
Reaumur, Mem. de I’Acad. Roy. des Sc. 1711, 394. pi. 11.
fig. 4. M.

Sea-oak Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 9. no. 8. pi. 5. fig. a. A. ; Phil.
Trans, xlviii. 632. pi. 23. no. 6; Phil. Trans, lvii.437. pi. 19.
fig. 11 ; Phil. Trans, abridg. x. 493. pi. 12. fig. 6. F.
Sertularia pumila, Linn. Syst. 1306; Pall. Elench. 130; Ellis
and Soland. Zooph. 40; Esper, Pflanz. Sert. t. 10. figs. 1,2;
Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 288; Stew. Elem. ii. 441. pi. 12. figs. 10,
11 , copied from Ellis; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 119, ed. 2. ii. 145;
Stark. Elem. ii. 440. pi. 8. fig. 14, from Ellis ; Johnst. in Trans.
Newc. Soc. ii. 259; Lister, Phil. Trans. 1834, 37 E pi- 8.
fig. 3 ; Templeton, l. c. 468 ; Hassall,Ann. §■ Mag. Nat. Hist.
vii. 284. pi. 6. fig. 5 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 7 ; Corn. Faun.
iii. 19 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 66. 1. 1 1. figs. 3, 4.
p. 469; Dalyell, Anim. Scotl. i. 161. t. 26. figs. 14-21.
Sertolara pumila, Cavol. Pol. Mar. 216. t. 8. figs. 8-10.
Dynamena pumila, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184; Cor.
Flex. 179 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 544 ; Blainv. Act. 484 ; Krauss,
Corail, und Zooph. der Sudsee, 28.

Sertolara piccina, D. Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iv. 142.

(3. Slender cells distant on filamentous Alga;.

a. Youghal, Miss Ball. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Spurn Point. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA.

71

c. Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Westra. Presented by G. Jolinston, M.D.

e. f. On fuci. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

g. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Jolinston, M.D.

3. Sertularia Evansii.

Sertularia Evansii, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 58 ; Lam. Anim. $.

Vert. ed. 2. ii. 154; Jolinst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 67-
Dynamena Evansii, Lamx. Cor. Flex. 177 ; Fletn. Brit. Anim. 545.
Inhab. Yarmouth, Ellis, 1 7G7 ■

4. Sertularia Pinaster.

Sertularia Pinaster, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 55. t. 6. fig. 6. B ;
Rees, Cyclop. Vermes, pi. 8. fig. 4 ; W. Thompson, Ann. Nat.
Hist. x. 23, and in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, 283; Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 71. fig- 12. 470.

Dynamena Pinaster, Lamx. Expos. Meth. 12. t. 6. fig. b. B.

a. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Yar. gracilis. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

5. Sertularia Margareta.

Sertularia Margareta, Hassall, Ann. Sy Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 284.
pi. 6. figs. 3, 4 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 72. fig. 13.
470.

Sert. Tudori, Ryland’s MSS.

S. Margarita, John, MSS.

5. Margaretta, John, MSS.

a. Mouth of the Mersey, — Tudor, Esq. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

b. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

c. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

6. Sertularia fallax.

Dynamena pinnata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 545.

1 Sertularia pinnata, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 127- pi. 9. figs. 5, 6;

Macgilliv. Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 4(J3.

! Dynamena tubiformis ?, Lamx. Expos. Meth. 12. pi. 66. figs. 6, 7-
Sertularia fallax, Johnst. Ilist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 73. pi. 11.
figs. 2, 5, 6. 469, fig. 84.

a. Dunstanborough, R. Embleton, Esq. with S.fusca. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c, d. Frith of Forth, Dr. Coldstream. Presented byG.
Johnston, M.D.

e. Whitburn, Northumberland, Miss Dale. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

f. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D. *

7-2

BRITISH RADIATA.

7- Sertularia Tamarisca.

Sea Tamarisk, Ellis, Corail. 4. no. 1. pi. 1. fig. a. A.

Sertularia Tamarisca, Linn. Syst. 1307 ; Pall.Elench. 129; Ellis
and Soland. Zooph. 36 ; Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 288 ; Don’s PI.
and Anim. of Forfar, 36 ; Lamx. Cor. Flex. 188 ; Lamk. Syst.
382; Hist. Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2. ii. 153; Hassall, Ann. Nat.
Hist. vi. 168; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 8; Corn. Faun. iii. 21 ;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 74. pi. 13. figs. 2, 3, 4. 470.
Dvnamena Tamarisca, Flem. Brit. Anim. 543; Blainv. Man. Act.
'483.

a, c. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

b. Frith of Forth. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

8. Sertularia abietiua.

Abies marina, Ger. Emac. 1574. fig.; Sibbald, Scot. III. lib.
iv. 55 ; Merr. Finn. 1 .

Corallina marina, Raii Syn. 35. no. 12; Bast. Opusc. subs. 41.

t. 2. fig. 6, & t. 7 ■ figs- 1-3, pessimae.

Muscus marinus, Plunk. Phytog. t. 48. fig. 5 ; Raii Hist. i. 78.
Muscus maritimus filicis folio, Morris, Plant. Hist. iii. 650. t. 9.
fig. i. .

Sea Fir, Ellis, Corail. 4. no. 2. pi. 1. fig. b. B.

Sertularia abietiua, Linn. Syst. 1307 ; Pall. Elench. 133; Mull.
Zool. Dan. Prod. 255 ; Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 36 ; Esper,
Pflanz. Serf. t. 1. figs. 1,2; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 116,
ed. 2. ii. 141; Risso, VEurop. Merid. v. 311; Lamx. Cor.
Flex. 189 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 256 ; Templeton,
Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 468; Hassall, Ann. 3- Mag. Nat. Hist.
vi. 168 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 9 ; Corn. Faun. 22 ; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 75. t. 13. fig. 1, andp. 471 ; Dal-
yell, Anim. Scotl. i. 150. t. 23, 24, 25.

Dynamena abietina, Flem. Brit. Anim. 543.

La Sertulaire sapinette, Blainv. Act. 480. pi. 83. fig. 6.
Sertularia abietinula, Dalyell, Anim. Scot. t. 7- f- 6.

a. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

b, c,f. Frith of Forth. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
d, e. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

g, h. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

i, k, l. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

j. Dundee, W. Jackson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

9. Sertularia filicula.

Sertularia filicula or Fern Coralline, Ellis and Soland. Zooph.
57. pi. 6. fig. c. C. ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 215; Rees’s Cyclop.

BRITISH RADIATA.

73

Vermes, pi. 8. fig. 1 ; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 564 ; Lamk
Anim. s. Vert. ii. 119; Lamx. Cor. Flex. 188; Johnst. Trans.
Newc. Soc. ii. 257 ; Thomp. Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 250 ; Hassall,
Ann, Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 284 ; Couch, Zooph. Comic. 9 ;
Corn. Faun. iii. 23; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 76.
t. 14. fig. 1, and p. 471.

S. abietina /3, Pall. Flench. 134.

Dynamena filicula, Flem. Brit. Anim. 544.

a. Frith of Forth. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c, d, e,f , g, h,i,j, k, l, q. Berwick Bay. Presented bv
G. Johnston, M.D.

m. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

n, o, p. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

** Branches branched. Dynamena.

10. Sertularia operculata.

Muscus marinus dentieulatus, procumbens, caule tenuissimo,
denticulis bijugis, RaiiHist. i. 79; Morrison, Hist. Plant. Oxon.
m. 650. t. 9. fig. 3; Plukenet, Phytog. t. 47. fig. 11.

Corallina muscosa, dentieulata procumbens, Rail Syn. 36. no. 18.
Sea Hair, Ellis, Corail. 8. no. 6. t. 3. fig. b. B.

SertuJana operculata, Linn. Syst. 1307; Ellis Sf Soland. Zooph,
3J; Berk. Syn. i. 21 6; Esper, Pftanz. Sert. t. 4. figs. 1, 2;
Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 118; Johnst. Traits. Newc. Soc. ii.
Lo8. pi 1 1 . fig. 2 ; Templeton, ut supra cit. 468 ; Hassall, Ann.
Nat. Hist, v 1.I68; Couch, Zooph. Cornw.9 ; Corn. Faun. iii.
-3; Mac. gillie. Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 464 ; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. p. 77. pi. 14. fig. 2, ed. 2. 471.

Sertularia usneoides, Pall. Elench. 132.

Dynamena operculata, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184 ;

, ' Flem. Brit. Anim. 544; Blainv. Act. 483!
pi. 83. fig. 5; Krauss, Corall. und Zoophyt. der Sudsee, 27.
Dynamena pulehella, D’Orbigny.

a, b, e, f, g. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. Lancashire, J. R. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Falmouth. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

11. Sertularia argentea.

Sheep s-tailed Coralline, Corallina comis ad instar caudae vulpinre
sparsis, Mere, Pinn. 29.

Corallina muscosa, altema vice dentieulata, ramulis in creberrima
capillamenta sparsis, Raii Syn. i. 36. no. 17.

Muscus marinus dentieulatus minor ramulis in creberrima capil-
lamenta sparsis, Plukenet, Phytog. t. 48. fig. 3.

74

BRITISH RADIATA.

Muscus marinus minor denticulis alternis, Morris, Hist. Plant.
Oxon. iii. 650. t. 9. fig. 4.

Squirrel’ s-tail, Ellis, Corail. 6. no. 4. pi. 2. fig. c. C.

Sertularia cupressina /3, Linn. Syst. 1308.

S. cupressina, Esper, PJianz. Sert. t. 3. figs. 1, 2.

S. argentea, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 38 ; Berk. Syn. i. 216 ;
Esper, PJianz. Seri. t. 27- figs. 1, 2; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii.
117; Lamx. Cor. Flex. 192; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii.
258. pi. 11. fig. 4 ; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 168:
Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 10; Corn. Faun. iii. 25; Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 79. t. 15. & t. 14. fig. 3, 3. 471.
Dynamena argentea, Elem. Brit. Anim. 544.

Plumularia argentea, Daly ell, Anim. Scotl. 189. t. 37, 38.

a. Ireland, J. Baird, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Scarborough. W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

c. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. e, h. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

f. Dundee, W. Jackson, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

g. Dunstanborough, W. Embleton, Esq. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

12. Sertularia cupressina.

Sea Cypress, Ellis, Corail. 7- no. 5. pi. 3. fig. a. A.

Sertularia cupressina, Linn. Syst. 1308; Ellis and Soland. Zooph.
38 ; Berk. Syn. i. 216 ; Wern. Mem. i. 564 ; Lamk. Anim. s.
Vert. ii. 118; Lamx. Cor. Flex. 192; Hogg’s Stock. 32;
Templeton, l. c. 468; Stark. Elem. ii. 440. pi. 8. fig. 12; Risso,
VEurop. Me'rid. v. 311; Hassall, Ann. 8f Mag. Nat. Hist. vi.
168; Macgilliv. ibid. ix. 464; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 11;
Corn. Faun. iii. 26; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 80.
t. 16. 471.

Dynamena cupressina, Flem. Brit. Anim. 543.

a, c, d. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Cork, J. V. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

e. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

4. Nigellastrum.

Nigellastrum a, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 93, 1815.

Dynamena, sp. Lamx. 1812; Fleming, 1828; Blainv. 1830.
Sertularia sp. Johnst.

BRITISH RADIATA.

75

1. Nigellastrum nigra.

Sertularia nigra, Pall. Elench. 135 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 8 ;
Corn. Faun. iii. 20. pi. 6 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.
pi. 12. figs. 1, 2. p. 68.

Nigellastrum nigra, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 93.

a. Cornwall, R. Q. Couch, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

b. Devonshire, Mrs. Griffith. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

2. Nigellastrum pinnata.

Corallina abietis forma, Bast. Opusc. Subs. i. 41 . t. 1. fig. 6, (bad).
Sertularia pinnata, Pall. Elench. 136 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
ed. 2. p. 69. 1. 12. figs. 3, 4.

S. fuscescens, Turt. Gmel. iv. 6/7 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 213 ;
Lamx. Cor. Flex. 195.

Nigellastrum pinnatum, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 93.

a. Torquay, Mrs. Griffith. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Torquay, Miss Griffith. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Nigellastrum fusca.

Sertularia nigra, Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 565 ; Johnst. Brit.

Zooph. 128; Macgilliv. Ann. Nat. Hist. ix. 463.

Dynamena nigra, Flem. Brit. Anim. 545.

Sertularia fusca, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 70, woodcut
no. 6 on p. 57, and fig. 11. 470.
a. Dunstanborough, R. Embleton, Esq. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

Doubtful Natives.

1 . Sertularia cupressoides.

Inhab. ? Frith of Forth, Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 564.

2. Sertularia elongata.

Inhab. Australasia. “English coast,” Miss Warae. Corallina,

p. 83. t. 5. fig. 3.

3. Sertularia pectinata.

Inhab. Australasia. “ English coast,” Miss Warae. Corallina,

p. 83.

5. Thuiaria.

Thuiaria, Flem. 1828 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 83; not Thuarea
(in Botany).

Biseriaria, Blainv. 1830.

Cellaria, sp. Larnk. Hist. Anim. s. Vert.

Nigellastrum a & c, Oken , Lehrb. Nat. 93, 1815.

d 2

76

BRITISH RADIATA.

1. Thuiaria thuja.

Planta marina equiseti facie, Sib. Scot. III. ii. lib. iv. 55. 1. 1 2. fig. 1 .
Fucus equiseti facie, Ibid. lib. i. 56 ; Rail Syn. 50. no. 47-
Bottle-brash Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 10. no. 9. pi. 5. fig. b. B.
Sertularia thuja, Linn. Syst. 1308; Pall. Elench. 140; Ellis
Soland. Zooph. 41 ; Berk. Syn. i. 217 ; Esper, Pfianz. Serf.
t. 22. figs. 1-3; Turt. Gmel. iv. 678; Hern. Mem. i. 564;
Turt. Brit. Faun. 213 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 442 ; Lamx. Cor. Flex.
193; Hogg’s Stock. 32; not 0. Fabr. Faun. Grant. 444.
Cellaria thuia, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 339 ; Stark. Elem. ii. 439.
Nigellastrum thuja, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 93.

Thuiaria thuia, Flem. Brit. Anim. 545 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc.
Soc. ii. 261; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 11 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 27.
pi. 5 ; Macgilliv. Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 464 ; W. Thomp-
son, ibid. xiii. 440 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 83.
t. 17, 18. figs. 1, 2. 471.

Biseriaria thuia, Blainv. D. S. N. lx. 446 ; Actin. 482.pl. 81 .fig. 3.
a, b, c. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. River Tay. Presented by Capt. Ducane, R.A.

2. Thuiaria articulata.

Sea Spleenwort or Polypody, Ellis, Cor. 1 1. no. 10. pi. 6. fig. a. A.
Sertularia articulata, Pall. Elench. 13 7 ; Esper, Pfianz. Serf.
t. 8. figs. 1, 2.

Thuiaria articulata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 545 ; Hassall, Ann. Nut.
Hist. vii. 284. pi. 7- figs. 1,2; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 12;
Corn. Faun. iii. 28. pi. 4; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.
p. 85. t. 18. figs. 3, 4. 471-
S. Loncliitis, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 42.

Cellaria Loncliitis, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 139, ed. 2. ii. 186.
S. Lichenastram, Berk. Syn. i. 219; Turt. Brit. Faun. 216;
Stew. Elem. ii. 447.

Nigellastrum artieulatum, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 93.

a. Isle of Man, E. Forbes, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

b, c. Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Near Liverpool. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. g. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

f. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

6. Nemertesia.

Nemertesia, Lamx. Cor. Flex. 163, 1812.

Nigellastrum d, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 93, 1815.

Antennularia, Lamk. Hist. Anim. s. Vert. 1816; Blainv. 1830.
Antennulaire, Lamk. 1812, no char.

BRITISH RAlim fA.

77

1. Nemertesia antennina.

Corallina astaci corniculorum itmula, Raii Syn. i. 34. no. 10.
Corallina affinis, non ramosa, Pluken. Almag. Bot. 119.

Muscus marinus s. coralloides non ramosus, erectus, Pluken.
Phytog. t. 48. fig. 6.

Lobster’s-horn Coralline or Sea-beard, Ellis, Corail. 15. no. 14.
pi. 9. fig. a. A. B ; Phil. Trans, xlviii. 630. t. 22. no. 3 ; Phil.
Trans, abridg. x. 491. pi. 12. fig. 3. C.

Sertularia antennina, Linn. Syst. 1310; Pall. Elench. 146;
Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 45 ; Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 289 ; Berk.
Syn. i. 217 ; Esper, PJianz. Serf. t. 23. figs. 1-4; D. Chiaje,
Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iv. 144; Hogg’s Stock. 33.

Nigellastrum antenninum, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 93.

Nemertesia antennina, Lamx. Cor. Flex. 163; Dalyell, Anim.
Scotl. 198. t. 39, 40.

Antennularia antennina, Flem. Brit. Anim. 546 ; Johnst. Trans.
Newc. Soc. ii. 260; Hassall, Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 168.
pi. 5. fig. 3 ; Macgilliv. ibid. ix. 464 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw.
13 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 29. pi. 7 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed.2.
p. 86. t. 19. figs. 1, 3. 471.

Ant. indivisa, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 123, ed. 2. ii. 156 ; Tem-
pleton, Mag. N. H. ix. 468 ; Blainv. Act. 486. pi. 83. fig. 3.
Plumularia verticillata, J. V. Thompson, MSS.

a. Dry on paper. Cork, J. V. Thompson, Esq. Presented
bv G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

c. d, e, f. Devonshire, Mr. Griffith. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

g, h. Frith of Forth. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
i. Mouth of the Tay, Dundee. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

k, l. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

m, n. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.-

2. Nemertesia ramosa.

Corallina ramosa cirris obsita, Raii Syn- 35. no. 1 1 ; Ellis, Corail.
16. pi. 9. b and c.

Sertularia antennina /3, Linn. Syst. 1310.

Nemertesia ramosa, Lamx. Cor. Flex. 164 ; Dalyell, Anim. Scotl.
198. t. 39. figs. 7, 17. t. 40.

Antennularia ramosa, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 123, ed. 2. ii. 156 ;
Stark. Elem. ii. 440; Templeton, lib. cit. 468; Hassall, Ann.
4- Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 168. pi. 5. figs. 1,2; Johnst. Hist. Brit.
Zooph. ed. 2. p. 88. t. 20. 464, 471.

1 Sertularia seticornis, Hogg’s Stock, 33.

k

78

BRITISH RADIATA.

Antennularia arborescens, Hassall, Ann. Nat. Hist. xi. 111.

A. antennina, var. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1. 140. pi. 16. fig. 2;
Couch, Corn. Faun. 29.

a, b, c, e. Dry. Devonshire, Mrs. Griffith. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Dry. Devonshire, Miss Griffith. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

f. Belfast Bay, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

g, h. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

i. Ayrshire, Rev. D. Landsborough. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

7. Aglaophenia.

Aglaophenia, Lamx. 1812, charact.

Plumulaire, Lamk. 1812 (no char.).

Pennaria, sp. Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 94, 1815; Goldfuss, not Ehrenb.
Plumularia, Lamk. 1816; Blainv. 1830.

* Stem a single tube. Plumularia.

1. Aglaophenia falcata.

Muscus marinus spiralis pennatus, Merr. Finn. 81.

Corallina muscosa pennata, ramulis et capillamentis falcatis, Rail
Syn. i. 36. no. 16.

Muscus pennatus, ramulis et capillamentis falcatis, Pluken. Phy-
tog. t. 47- fig. 12.

Muscus maritimus pennatus, ramulis et capillamentis falcatis,
Morris, Plant. Hist. Ox. iii. 650. t. 9. fig. 2.

Sickle Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 12. no. 11. pi. 7- fig- 0. A. &
pi. 38. fig. 6.

Corallina erecta pinnata, Bast. Opusc. Subs. 41 . pi. 2. fig. 5, male.
Sertularia falcata, Linn. Syst. 1309 ; Pall. Elench. 144 ; Ellis
and Soland. Zooph. 42 ; Esper, Pfianz. Serf. t. 2. figs. 1, 2 ;
Berk. Syn. i. 217 ; Blumenb. Man. 273.

Aglaophenia falcata, Lamx. Cor. Flex. 174.

Plumularia falcata, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 125, ed. 2. ii. 160;
Grant, Edinb. New Phil. Journ. i. 155; Flem. Brit. Anim.
546 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc . ii. 259 ; Hassall, Ann. and
Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 169; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 14; Com.
Faun. iii. 130 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. p. 90. t. 21. figs. 1, 2.
ed. 2. 471 ; Dalyell, Anim. Scotl. i. 176. t. 33.

Pennaria falcata, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 94.

a, b, c, d, l, m, n, q. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

e, f, g. Frith of Forth. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA. 79

h. Cork, J. V. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

i. j. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

k. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

o. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented bv G. Johnston,
M.D.

p. The Tav, Dundee, W. Jackson, jun. Esq., with Notamia
loriculata. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

r. The Tay. Presented by Capt. Ducane, R.A.

2. Aglaophenia pluma.

The podded Coralline, Ellis, Corall. 13. no. 12. pi. 7- fig. b. B.
Sertularia pluma, Linn. Syst. 1309 ; Pall. Elench. 149 ; Ellis
and Soland. Zooph. 43 ; D. Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iv.
145; Esper, PJlanz. Serf. t. 7- figs. 1, 2; Oliv.Zool. Adriat.
289; Lister, Phil. Trans. 1834, 369. pi. 8. fig. 2.
Aglaophenia pluma, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184; Cor.
Flex. 170 ; Corall. 75 ; Krauss, Corail, und Zoophyt. der Sud-
see, 25.

Plumularia cristata, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 125, ed. 2. ii. 161 ;
Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 467 ; Risso, VEurop. Merid.
v. 313; Hassall , Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 169 & vii. 285;
Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 15 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 31. pi. 8 ; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 92. figs. 15, 16. t. 23. figs. 1-3.
471.

PI. pluma, Flem. Brit. Anim. 546.

Sertolaria pluma, Cavol. Pol. Mar. 210. t. 8. figs. 5-7-
Pennaria pluma, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 94.

a. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c. Ayrshire, P. W. Martin, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

d, f, g, k. Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. Ayrshire, P. W. Maclagan, M.D. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

h. Cork, J. V. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

j. Bangor, co. Down, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

l. Var. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

m. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Aglaophenia Pennatula.

Sertularia Pennatula, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 56. t. 7- figs. 1,2;
Flem. Edin. Phil. Journ. ii. 83.

Aglaophenia Pennatula, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184 ;
Cor. Flex. 168 ; Krauss, Corall. und Zoophyt. der Sudsee, 25.

80

BRITISH RADIATA.

Plumularia Pennatula, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 128, ed. 2. ii. 165 ;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 546 ; W. Thompson , Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 251 ;
Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 16 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 33; Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 95. t. 22. figs. 1, 2.

a. Youghal, Miss M. Ball. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. J. E. Gray, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

4. Aglaophenia pinnata.

Fucoides setis minimis indivisis constans, Raii Syn. i. 39. no. 7-
t. 2. fig. 2. lit. a ( injured and deprived of the pinnae).
Sertularia pinnata, Linn. Syst. 1312; Ellis and Soland. Zooph.

46 ; Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 290.

Aglaophenia pinnata, Lamx. Cor. Flex. 172.

Plumularia pinnata, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 127, ed. 2. ii. 164 ;
Risso, VEurop. Me'rid. v. 313 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii.
260, and Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 498; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag.
Nat. Hist. vii. 285 ; Macgilliv. ibid. ix. 464 ; Couch, Zooph.
Cornw. 17; Corn. Faun. iii. 34; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
ed. 2. p. 96. t. 21. figs. 4, 5. 471 ; Dalyell, Anim. Scotl. 1/9.
t. 34.

a. Dry, free. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Dry, on paper. (Cork, J. V. Thompson?) Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. d, e,f, g. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

h. Cornwall, deep water. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

i. Norfolk, W. C. Peach, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

j. Zetland, E. Forbes, Esq. Presented byG. Johnston, M.D.

k. Tynemouth, E. Forbes, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

l. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

5. Aglaophenia setacea.

Sea Bristles, Ellis, Corail. 19. no. 16. pi. 11. fig. a, A.

Corallina setacea, Ellis, Cor all. 38. fig. 4.

Sertularia pinnata /3, Linn. Syst. 1312 ; D. Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert.
Nap. iv. 144.

S. setacea, Pall. Elench. 148; Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 47 ;

Lister, Phil. Trans. 1834, 371. pi. 8. fig. 4.

Aglaophenia setacea, Lamx. Cor. Flex. 272.

Plumularia setacea, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 129, ed. 2. ii. 165 ;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 547 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 467 ;
Stark, Elem. ii. 440 ; Risso, VEurop. Merid. v. 313 ; Hassall,
Ann. §* Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 285; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 16 ;
Corn. Faun. iii. 33; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 97.
t. 22. figs. 3-5. 471.

BRITISH RADIATA.

81

Pennaria setacea, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 94.

a, b. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

c. Mount’s Bay, Cornwall, R. Q. Couch, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

d- • ? Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. Glendore Bay, co. Cork, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

6. Aglaophenia echinulata.

Plumularia echinulata, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 126, ed. 2. ii. 162 ;
Blainv. Act. 4 77 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 464.
figs. 80, 81.

a, b, c. Fowey Harbour, Cornwall (R. Q. Couch, Esq.).
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

7. Aglaophenia Catharina.

Plumularia Catharina, Johnst. Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 498. figs. 61,
62; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 285; Macgilliv.
ibid. ix. 465; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 18 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 35;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 9/. fig. 17> fig. 1 (page 3),
p. 465,471.

a, b, c, d, e. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

8. Aglaophenia fascis.

Plumularia? fascis, Daly ell, Anim. Scotl. 186. t. 36.

Inliab. Scotland, Dalyell.

** Stem composed of many parallel tubes. Aglaophenia.

9. Aglaophenia myriophyllum.

Corallina fruticosa pennata, Petiv. Plant. Ital. t. 2. fi». 11.
Pheasant’s-tail Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 14. no. 13. t. 8. fig. a, A.
Sertularia myriophyllum, Linn. Syst. 1309; Pall. Blench. 153;
Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 44; Berk. Syn. i. 217; Don’s PI.
and Anim. of Forfar, 36; Esper, Pflanz. Serf. t. 5. figs. 1-3;
Oliv. Zool.Adriat. 288; D. Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iv. 145.
Aglaophenia myriophyllum, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184 •
Cor. Flex. 1 68.

Plumularia myriophyllum, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 124, ed. 2. ii.
159; Flem. Brit. Anim. 547 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix.
466 ; Stark, Elem. ii. 440 ; Risso, VEurop. Merid.x. 312;
Blainv. Act. 477- pi- 83. fig. 4 ; Landsborough, Scott. Christ
Her aid for April 1840, 244 ; Hassall, Ann. $ Mag. Nat. Hist.
vii. 285; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 18; Corn. Faun. iii. 36. pi. 9;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. p. 99. t. 23. figs. 4, 5. p. 118. fio-. 24.
Pennaria myriophyllum, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 94.

a, b, c. Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

D 5

82

BRITISH KA0IATA.

d. Zetland, E. Forbes, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. Isle of Man, E. Forbes, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

f. Devonshire, “with capsules,” Mrs. Griffith. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

g. Devon coast. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

10. Aglaophenia frutescens.

Sertularia Gorgonia, Pall. Elench. 158.

S. frutescens, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 55. pi. 6. fig. a, A. &
pi. 9. figs. 1, 2, encrusted with a Gorgonia-, Rees, Cyclop.
Vermes, pi. 8. fig. 3 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 214 ; Hogg’s Stock. 33.
Aglaophenia frutescens, Lamx. Cor. Flex. 173; Krauss, Corail,
und Zoophyt. der Sudsee, 26.

Plumularia frutescens, Flem. Brit. Anim. 547 ; Lamk. Anim. s.
Vert. ed. 2. ii. 166 ; Blainv. Act. 477 ; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag.
Nat. Hist. vii. 285. pi. 8. fig. 1 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 19;
Corn. Faun. iii. 37 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 100.
t. 24. figs. 2, 3. 472.

Pennaria fruticans, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 94.

a. Dry. Cullercoats, Northumberland, J. Alder, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

8. Epistomia.

Epistomia, Flem. Brit. Anim. 541, 1828.

Dynamena, sp. Lamx. 1816 ; Blainv. 1830.

Notamia, sp. Flem. 1828.

Gemicellaria, sp. Blainv. 1830.

Sertularia, sp. Gmelin.

Cellularia, sp. Pallas.

1. Epistomia Bursaria.

Sheplierd’s-purse Coralline, Ellis, Cor all. 41. n. 8. t. 22. fig. a, A ;

Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 294.

Sertularia Bursaria, Linn. S. N. 1314 ; Berk. Syn. i. 219.
Cellularia Bursaria, Pall. Elench. 65; Ellis, Phil. Trans, lvii. 437-
t. 19. fig. 12.

Cellaria Bursaria, Ellis fy Soland. Zooph. 25 ; Lamk. Hist. Anim.
s. Vert. ed. 2. ii. 189.

Dynamena Bursaria, Lamx. Cor. 179 ; Blainv. D. S. N. L\. 448.
Notamia Bursaria, Flem. Brit. Anim. 541.

Gemicellaria Bursaria, Blainv. Diet. S. N. lx. 425; Man. Act. 461 .
Serf. Bursa, Turt. Brit. Faun. 216.

a, b, c. Dry, on Plumularia. Walton-on-the-Naze. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA.

83

Fam. Campanulariad^e.

Campanulariadae, Jofinst. in Trans. Berw. Club, p. 107 ; Gray,
Syn. Brit. Mus. 76; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 101.
Les Campanulaires, Van Beneden, Mem. p. 11.

Sertularise pars, Linn., Pall., Solander.

Campanularia, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 112.

Sertularies pars, Lamx. Expos. Method. 9.

Sertulariadic, sect. ii. Flern. Brit. Anim. 538.

Sertularia pars, Blainv. Act. 472.

1. Laomedea.

Laomedea, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. iii. 1812.

Campanularia, sp. Lamk. Hist. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 1816.
Monopyxis, Ehrenb. Corail. Roth. Meer. 73.

Ilaleciuin /3, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92, 1815.

Sertularia j3, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92, 1818.

* Laomedea.

1. Laomedea dichotoma.

Sea-thread Coralline, Ellis, Corall. 21. no. 18. pi. 12. fig. a, A.
Corallina filiformis ramosa, pedunculis calyculorum contortis,
Ellis, Corall. pi. 38. fig. 3.

Sertularia dichotoma, Linn. Syst. x. 812; Linn. Syst. 1312;
Ellis and Soland. Zoopli. 48; Berk. Syn. i. 218; Jameson,
Wern. Mem. i. 564 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 215; Stew. Elem. ii.
446 ; D. Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iv. 146 ; Oliv. Zool.
Adriat. 289.

Sertularia longissima, Pall. Elench. 119 ; Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92.
Monopyxis longissima, Ehrenb. Corall. Roth. Meer. 73.
Laomedea dichotoma, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184 ; Cor.
Flex. 207 ; Risso, I’Europ. Merid. v. 314 ; Blainv. Act. 474 ;
Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 20; Corn. Faun. iii. 37 ; Macgilliv.
Ann. Sf- Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 465 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
p. 102. t. 26. figs. 1, 2, ed. 2. 466. fig. 82. 472.

Campanularia dichotoma, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 1 13, cd. 2. ii.
132 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 548 ; Risso, VEurop. Merid. v. 309 ;
Grant, Edinb. New Phil. Journ. i. 151 ; Grant. Cyclop. Anat.
and Phys. i. 108. fig. 30 ; Grant, Comp. Anat. 10. fig. 5; Johnst.
Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 255 ; Stark, Elem. ii. 441 ; Templeton,
Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 469 ; Dalyell, Anim. Scotl. i. 212. t. 41.
Var. a. Polypidom dichotomously branched, diffuse.

Var. /3. Polypidom slender and elongate, pyramidal, alternately
branched ; the branches erecto-patent or spreading.

Var. y. Polypidom irregularly branched, the branchlets pinnate.

84

BRITISH RADIATA.

a. b. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

c. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

d. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. f. Devonshire, Mrs. Griffith. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

g, h. Fragment on paper and talc. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

i. Devonshire, on talc, Mrs. Griffith. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

j, k,l. Berwick Bay. Large, dark. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

m, n. Southwold, four fathoms. May 1845. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

o. Magilligan, co. Londonderry. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

** Monopyxis.

2. Laomedea geniculata.

Fucoides setaceum tenuissime alatum, Rail Syn. i. 38. no. 6. pi. 2.

fig. 2; Ellis, Phil. Trans, abridg. x. 4.91. pi. 12. fig. 1. a, A.
Knotted-thread Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 22. no. 19. pi. 12. b, B.
Sertularia geniculata, Linn. Syst. 1312; Pall. Elench. 117;
Mull. Zool. Dan. iii. 61. t. 117- figs. 1-4 ; Ellis and Soland.
Zooph. 49 ; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 120, ed. 2. ii. 149 ; D.
Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iv. 143.

Laomedea geniculata, Lamx. Cor. Flex. 208 ; Couch, Zooph.
Cornw. 20 ; Corn. Faun. 38. pi. 10. fig. 1 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit.
Zooph. ed. 2. p. 103. t. 25. figs. 1, 2. 472.

Campanularia geniculata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 548 ; Johnst. Trans.

Newc. Soc. ii. 255 ; Van Beneden, Camp. 34. pi. 3. figs. 1-6.
Monopyxis geniculata, Ehrenb. Corail, des Roth. Meer. 73.

a. Ayrshire, Rev. D. Landsborougb. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

b. Ayrshire, P. W. Martin, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

c. Carrickfergus near Belfast, W. Thompson, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. f, g. On Fucus with Flustra membranacea, Berwick Bay.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

h. Ayrshire, P. W. Maclagan, M.D. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA.

85

3. Laomedea gelatinosa.

\ar. a. Stem a single tube, subramose.

Var. /3. Stem compound, ramose, Johnst. B. Z. pi. 27. fig. 1.
Gorallina confervoides gelatinosa alba, geniculis crassiusculis pel-
lncidis, Raii Syn. i. 34. no. 7.

Corallina filiformis ramosa pedunculis calyculorum contortis,
Ellis, Corail. pi. 38. fig. 3, & p. 23. pi. 12. fig. c, C.
Sertularia gelatinosa, Pall. Elench. 116 ; Stew. Elem. vi. 444.
Haleeium gelatinosa, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92.

Laomedea gelatinosa, Lamx. Corall. 92 ; Thompson, Ann. Nat.
Hist. v. 251 ; Hassall, ibid. vi. 169 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 21 ;
Corn. Faun. iii. 39. pi. 10. fig. 2 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
t p. 105. t. 25. figs. 3, 4, ed. 2. 472.

Campanularia gelatinosa, Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 254 ; Van
Beneden, Campan. 33. pi. 1, 2.

Sertularia dichotoma, in part, Lister, Phil. Trans. 1834, 372
375. pi. 10. fig. 1.

La Sertolara dicotoma, Cavol. Pol. Mar. 194. t. 7. fic-s. 5-8.

a. Dublin. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D. °

b. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

c. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

4. Laomedea Flemingii.

Campanularia Flemingii, Milne Edwards.

Sertularia gelatinosa, Flem. Edinb. Phil. Journ. ii. 84 ■ Phil.
Zool. ii. 616. t. 5. fig. 3.

Campanularia gelatinosa, Flem. Brit. Anim. 549.

Laomedea gelatinosa, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. explan, plates, t. 25
Inhab.

5. Laomedea obliqua.

Laomedea obliqua, Saunders in litt. 5. Jan. 1841 ; Johnst. Hist.

Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 106. t. 28. fig. 1.

Campanularia, Lister, Phil. Trans. 1834, 372. pi. 8. fi<r. 5.
a. Biighton, 1838, W. W. Saunders, Esq. Presented bv
G. Johnston, M.D. 3

2. Capsularia.

Capsularia, Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 665, 1798.

! Campanularia, Lamk. Hist. 1816.

Campanulaire, Lamk. Ext. du Cour. 1812 (no cliaract.).
Laomedea, sp. Blainv.

Lafea, Lamx. Exp. Meth.

Clytea, Lamx. 1812 (charact.).

Haleeium 0, sp. Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92, 1815.

Sertularia /3, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92, 1815.

BRITISH RADIATA.

86

* Campanularia.

1. Capsularia volubilis.

Small climbing Coralline with bell-shaped cups, Ellis, Corail.
24. no. 21. pi. 14. fig. a. A; Phil. Trans, xlviii. 629. pi. 22.
no. 2; Phil. Trans, abridg. x. 491. pi. 12. fig. 2. B.
Polyporum species. Bast. Opusc. Subs. i. p. 41. t. 2. fig. 1 a. &
fig. 7 b.

Sertularia volubilis, Linn. Syst. 131 1 ; Ellis and Soland. Zooph.
51. pi. 4. figs. e,f, E, F ; copied into Kirby's Bridgw. Treat.
i. pi. 2. fig. 2; Berk. Syn. i. 218; Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92;
Fabr. Faun. Grcenl. 444 ; Esper, PJlanz. Sert.t. 30. figs. 1,2;
Turt. Brit. Faun. 214; Stew. Elem. ii. 444.

S. uniflora, Pall. Elench. 121 ; Ellis, Phil. Trans, lvii. 437- pi. 19.

fig. 9.

Clytia volubilis, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184 ; Cor. Flex.

202 ; Expos. Meth. 13. pi. 4. figs, e, F.

Campanularia volubilis, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 113, ed. 2. ii.
132 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 548; Risso, VEurop. Mdrid. v. 309;
Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 255 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist.
ix. 466; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 22; Corn. Faun. 40. pi. 11.
fig. 1 ; Van Beneden, Carnpan. 36. pi. 3. figs. 7 , 8 ; Blainv.
Act. 472. pi. 84. fig. 2 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. p. 108.
fig. 18, ed. 2. 472.

a. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Jobnston, M.D.

b. On Plumularia falcata. Torquay, Mrs. Griffith, Oct.
1846. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. Donaghadee, Sept. 1840. G. Hyndman, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. With vesicles. Goran, 30th Nov. 1844. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

e. f. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Capsularia integra.

Campanularia iutegra, Macgilliv. Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 465;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 109. t. 28. fig. 2.

Camp, lacvis ?, Couch, Corn. Faun. 42.

a. Hastings. W. W. Saunders, Esq., 1840. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Capsularia Syringa.

Creeping Bell-Coralline, Ellis, Corall. 25. pi. 14. fig. b, B.
Sertularia Syringa, Linn. Syst. 1311 ; Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92;
Berk. Syn. i. 218.

BRITISH RADIATA.

87

S. volubilis, Pall. Elench. 122.

S. repens, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 52.

Clvtia Syringa, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812. iii. 185 ; Cor. Flex.
203.

Campanularia Syringa, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. 113, ed. 2. ii. 132 ;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 548 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 256 ;
Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 251 ; Macgilliv. Ann. Sf Mag.
Nat. Hist. ix. 465; Couch, Zooph. Cornw.2‘2; Corn. Faun.
41. pi. 11. fig. 2; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 169;
Van Beneden, Camp. 37- pi. 3. fig. 9 (opt.) ; Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 110. fig. 19. 472.
a, b. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

4. Capsularia lacerata.

Campanularia lacerata, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. pi. 28.
fig. 3. p. 111.

a. On Plumularia falcata. Berwick Bay. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

5. Capsularia la:vis.

Campanularia lscvis, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 42.

Inhab. Polperro, Couch.

** Clytia.

6. Capsularia verticillata,

Ilorse-tail Coralline with bell-sliaped cups, Ellis, Corall. 23.
no. 20. pi. 13. fig. a, A.

Sertularia verticillata, Linn. Syst. 1310; Pall. Elench. 115;
Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 50 ; Berk. Syn. i. 218 ; Horw’s
Stock. 34.

Clytia verticillata, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184; Cor.
Flex. 202.

Halecium verticillata, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92.

Campanularia verticillata, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 113, ed. 2.
ii. 131 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 550; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist.
ix. 466 ; Couch, Zooph. Comw. 23 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 42. pi. 11.
fig. 4; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 169; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 112. t. 26. figs. 3, 4. 472; Daly ell,
Anim. Scotl. i. 218. t. 42.

La Laomedee verticillee, Blainv. Act. 475. pi. 84. fig. 3.

a. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esj^ Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

b. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

88

BRITISH RADIATA.

*** Lafea, Lamx.

7 • Capsularia dumosa.

Corallina astaci corniculorum semuli, Petiv. Plant. Ital. pi. 2.
fig. 10.

Sertularia volubilis /3, Pall. Blench. 123.

Sertularia dumosa, Flem. Edinb. Phil. Journ. ii. 83.

Tubularia tubifera, Johnst. Edinb. Phil. Journ. xiii. 222. pi. 3.
figs. 2, 3.

Lafea cornuta, Lamx.', Soland. Zooph. 5. pi. 65. figs. 12, 14.
Campanularia dumosa, Flem. Brit. Anim. 548 ; Johnst. Trans.
Newc. Soc. ii. 254. pi. 11. fig. 1 ; Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 42 ;
Reid, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. xvi. 393 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit.
Zooph. ed. 2. p. 1 13. figs. 20-22. t. 27- figs. 2-5. 4/2 ; Dalyell,
Anim. Scotl. i. 221. t. 46. f. 22, 23.

Cornularia dumosa. Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 39.

Cornularia rugosa. Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 238 ; not Cavolini.
Siphvtus obeonieus, Rafinesq. Caratt. (1810), 96. t. 20. fig. 8?
a, b, c, d, e. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

f. ? Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

g. OnFlustra. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

h. On fragments of sea-weed. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

t. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

3. CONCHELLA.

Campanularia, sp. Couch, Corn. Faun. 41, 1844 ; Dalyell, Anim.
Scotl. 224.

1. Conchella intertexta.

Campanularia intertexta. Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 41. 1. 11. fig. 3;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 109.

Sertularia Campanularia arcta, Dalyell, Anim. Scotl. 224. t. 42.
a, b, c. On Sertularia. Zetland. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

Doubtful Species.

Cymodoce, Lamx. 1816; Blainv. 1830.

1. Cymodoce simplex.

Cymodoce simplex, Lamx. Cor. Flex.2\6. pi. / • fig- 2; Blainv.

Act. 487- pi- 81. fig. 4 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 1 16.
Laomedea geniculata (injimrl), Couch, Corn. Faun. 43.

a. “English coast, from M.Lamouroux’s collection.” Leach.

BRITISH RADIATA.

89

2. Cymodoce comata.

Cymodoce comata, Lamx. Exp. Me'tk. 15. pi. 67. figs. 12, 13 ;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 117.

Cymodocia comata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 551.

Inhab. “ Devonshire, W. E. Leach.'” Lamouroux.

? Order IV. HYDRINA.
Hydrina, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 120.

Fam. IIydraid^e.

Genus Hydra, Linn. Syst. 1320; Pall. Elench. 25; Ellis and
Soland. 8 ; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 57 ; Blainv. Act. 494 ;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 553.

Les Polypes a bras, Cuv. Reg. Anim. iii. 294.

Hydrina pars, Ehrenb. Corail, des Roth. Meer. 67.

Hydroidae, Johnst. Trans. Berw. Club. p. 107.

Hydraidae, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 76 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.

ed. 2. p. 120; Couch, Corn. Faun. 136.

Polypes nues (P. nuda), Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. 1830.

1. Hydra.

Hydra, Linn. &c.

I. Hydra viridis.

Polypes verds, Trembley, Mem. 22. pi. 1. fig. 1, pi. 3. figs. 1-10.
Freshwater Polypus, Trembley, Phil. Trans, abridg. viii. 623;

Folkes, ibid. 676. pi. 17, & pi. 18. figs. 1-3.

Hydra viridis, Linn. Faun. Suec. 36 7. no. 1283; Linn. Syst.
1320 ; Mull. Verm. 1, 11, 13 ; Zool. Dan. Prod. 230. no. 2783;
Encyclop. Method. Vers, pi. 66. figs. 1-8 ; Berk. Syn. i. 221 ;
Ure’s Ruthberg. 232 ; Turt. Gmel. iv. 691 ; Turt. Brit. Faun.
218; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 60; Stew. Elem. ii. 452. pi. 12.
figs. 4, 5 ; Rees's Cyclop. Vermes, pi. 5. fig. 1 ; Blumenb. Man.
275. pi. 1 . fig. 10 ; Bose, Vers, ii. 274 ; Stark, Elem. ii. 443 ;
Woodward, Mag. Nat. Hist. iii. 349. fig. 89 ; Roget, Bridgw.
Treat, i. 162. figs. 59, & 176-8. figs. 73-76; Adams on the
Microscope, 399. pi. 21 . fig. 5 ; Carus, Comp. Anat. 1. 1. fig. 1 ;
Ehrenb. Corail, des Roth. Meer. 67 ; Landsborough, Scott.
Christ. Herald, n. s. i. 726 ; Thompson, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist. vii. 481 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 121. fig. 28.

II. viridissima, Pall. Elench. 31.

Third sort of Polype, Baker, Polyp. 19 c. fig.

De Groene Polyp met veale armen, Rosel, Hist, der Insect, iii.
t. 88. 89.

90

BRITISH RADIATA.

Le Polype vert, Cuv. Reg. Anim. iii. 295.

L’Hydre verte, Blaine. Act. 494. pi. 85. fig. 1.

Inhab.

2. Hydra vulgaris.

Polypes dela seconde espece, Tremb. Mem. pi. 1. figs. 2, 5; pi. 2.
fig. 2; pi. 6. figs. 2, 8; pi. 8. figs. 1,7; pi- 10. figs. 1-7; pi. 11,12,
13. figs. omn. partly copied in Adams’s Micros. 399. pi. 21.
fig. 6; Rosel, Hist, der Insect, iii. ; Polyp, t. 78-83; Ehrenb.
Corail, des Roth. Meer. 68.

Hydra vulgaris, Pall. Elench. 30; Ellis, Phil. Trans, lvii. 430;
Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 9 ; Encyclop. Method, Vers, pi. 67 ;
Rees’s Cyclop. Vermes, pi. 5. fig. 2 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.
ed. 2. p. 122. t. 29. fig. 2. 473.

H. grisea, Linn. Syst. 1 320 ; Mull. Verm. 1 . ii. 14 ; Couch, Corn.
Faun. iii. 136 ; Ure’s Ruthberg . 233 ; Berk. Syn. i. 222 ; Blu-
menb. Man. 295 ; Larnk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 60 ; Templeton,
Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 418.

H. brunnea, Templeton, loc. cit. 417- fig. 56,

First sort of Polype, Baker, Polyp. 1 7 c. fig.

Polypes d’eau douce, M. Edwards, Elem. de Zool. 10. fig. 1.
Inbab.

3. Hydra attenuata.

Hydra attenuata, Rosel, Ins. iii. ; Polyp, t. 76, 77 ; Pall. Elench.
32 ; Ehrenb. Corail, des Roth. Meer. 6S ; Johnst. Hist. Brit.
Zooph. ed. 2. p. 123. t. 29. fig. 1.

H. pallens, Turt. Gmel. iv. 692 ; Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2. ii. 71.
Inbab.

4. Hydra Oligactis.

Polypes a long bras, Tremb. Mem. pi. 1. figs. 3,4, 6; pi. 2. figs.
1, 3, 4 ; pi. 3. fig. 11 ; pi. 5. figs. 1-4 ; pi. 6. figs. 3-7, 9, 10 ;
pi. 8. fig. 8, 11 ; pi. 9, copied in Adams’s Micros. 399. pi. 21.
fig. 7, 8, pi. 23. A. B, pi. 24. A. B. fig. omnes ; Rosel, Hist,
der Insect. Polyp, iii. pi. 84, 87 ; Cuv. Reg. Anim. iii. 295.
Long-armed Freshwater Polype, Ellis, Corail. xvi. pi. 28. fig. C.

(the tentacula shortened).

Second sort of Polype, Baker, Polyp. 18 c. fig.

Hydra Oligactis, Pall. Elench. 29 ; Ehrenb. Corall. des Roth.

Meer. 68 ; Johnst. Hist. B. Z. ed. 2. p. 124. fig. 27- p. 120.
H. fusca, Linn. Syst. 1320; Encyclop. Method. Vers, pi. 69.
figs. 1-9 ; Rees’s Cyclop. Vermes, pi. 5. fig. 3 ; Ellis Soland.
Zooph. 9; Blumenb. Man. 275; Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 60.
Hydra verrucosa, Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 418. fig. 57 ;

Allman, Ann. Nat. Hist. xiii. 328.

Inbab.

BRITISH RADIATA.

91

Class V. POLYZOA.

Polyzoa, J. V. Thompson, Zool. Research. Mem. v. 92; J. E.
Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 133 ; Jolinst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed 2.
p. 253.

Bryozoa, Ehrenberg, Corail, des Roth. Meer. 153 ; Jones, Anim.

Kingd. 107, 117 ; Owen, Lect. 93, 101.

Molluscan Zoophytes s. Zoophyta Aseidioida, Johnst. Mag. Zool.

Sf Bot. i. 448; Couch, Corn. Fawn. iii. 84.

Les Bryozoarides, Audouin and Milne Edwards, Lam, Anim. s.
Vert. ed. 2. ii. 104.

Ciliobrachiata, Farre, Phil. Trans. 1837.

Polypes tuniciens, M. Edwards, Mem. 16.

Polypiaria pars, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. 1830, lx. 364.

Order I. CARNOSA.

Polyzoa carnosa, J. E. Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 135 (1842).

Pam. 1. ALCYONIDIADiE.

Alcyoniadse, Johnst. Trans. Berw. Nat. Club. i. 108 (1836).
Alevonidula:, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. 300.

Halcyonellea, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 358.
Alcyonidiadsc, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 135.

1. Alcyonidium.

Alcyonidium, Lamx. Gen. Thalas. 71, 1813; Exp. Mdth-7 1, 1821 ;
Gray, Brit. PL i. 353; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1.300,
ed. 2. 350; Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 132.

Alcyonium ,Flem. Brit. An. 1828,517; Blainv. 1830 (not Lamx.).
Alcyonium, sp. Pallas ; Ellis.

Halodactylus, Farre, Phil. Trans. 1837; VanBeneden.

Fucus, sp. Ray.

Ulva, sp. Hudson.

Egg of a naked Gasteropodous Mollusca, D'Orb. M6m. Mus.vi.

181.

Epipetrum, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 80, 1815.

1. Alcyonidium gelatinosum.

Fucus spongiosus nodosus, Ger. Herb. Emac. 1570. no. 10. fig. ;
Raii Syn. i. 49. no. 42.

Alcyonium, seu Fucus nodosus et spongiosus, Ellis, Corall. 87-
no. 5. pi. 32. fig. d, D.

92

BRITISH RADIATA.

Alcyonium ramosum molle, multis polypis obsessum, Bast. Opusc.
Subs. i. 40. t. 1. fig. 5. A, B.

Alcyonium gelatinosum, Pall. Blench. 353; Linn. Stjst. 1295;
Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 240; Esper, PJlanz. t. 18. A. figs. 1, 2;
Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 255; Zool. Dan. iv. 30. t. 147 ; Ellis
and Soland. Zooph. 176 ; Jameson, Wern.Mem. i. 563; Stew.
Elem. ii. 432 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 517 ; Lamx. Cor. Flex. 350 ;
Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 488; Act. 525. pi. 92. fig. 1.

Ulva diaphana, Eng. Bot. pi. 263 ; With. Bot. Arrang. iv. 121 ;

Hull. Brit. FI. ii. 312 ; Lam. and Decand. Flor. Frang. ii. 6.
Epipetrum gelatinosum, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 80, 1815.

Alcyonidium diaphanum, Lamx. Gen. Thalas. 71. t. 7- fig- 4;
Expos. Me'th. 71 ; Gray, Brit. PL i. 353 ; Hook. FI. Scot.
ii. 75; Loud. Encyclop. PI. 928. no. 15045; Couch, Corn.
Faun. iii. 133.

Al. flavescens, Loud. Encyclop. PI. 928. no. 15046.
Halodactylus diaphanus, Farre, Phil. Trans. 1837, 405. pi. 25,
26; Van Beneden, Recherch. 60. pi. 8. fig. 12.

Alcyonidium gelatinosum, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 300. pi. 41. figs.
1-3 ; Couch, Corn. Faun. 132 ; W. Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist.
v. 253; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 370; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 358. t. 68. figs. 1-3.

a. In spirits. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c. In spirits. W. E. Leach, M.D.

2. Alcyonidium liirsutum.

Alcyonium gelatinosum, Fabr. Faun. Grant. 447 ; Esper, PJlanz.
Alcyon. t. 18. fig. 1.

A. liirsutum, Flem. Brit. Anim. 517 ; Johnston, Zool. Journ. iv.
418, & Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 251. pi. 9. fig. 1 ; Blainv. Diet.
Sci. Nat. lx. 488.

Alcyonidium liirsutum, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 303. pi. 42. figs. 1,2;
Hassall, Ann. Sf May. Nat. Hist. vii. 370. pi. 10. figs. 3, 4;
Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 133; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zoopth. ed. 2.
p. 361. t. 6.9. figs. 1, 2.

Halodactylus liirsutus, Van Bened. Recherch. 61. pi. 8. figs. 3-8.
a. Dry, on paper. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

3. Alcyonidium parasitieum.

Alcyonium parasitieum, Flem. Brit. Anim. 518 ; Blainv. Diet.
Sci. Nat. lx. 488.

Alcyonidium parasitieum, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 304. pi. 41. figs.
4,5; Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 134; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nut.
Hist. vii. 370 ; Reid, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. xvi. 393 ; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 362. t. 68. figs. 4, 5.

BRITISH RADIATA.

93

Halodactylus parasiticus, Van Beneden, Recherch. 62. pi. 8. figs.
9-12.

a. Drv, on Plumularia foliata. Frith of Forth. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. On Thou halecina. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. PULMONELLUM.

Pulmonellum, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. (1830), 489.

Alcyonium, sp. Ellis, Cor. 82 ; Pallas, Zooph. 356 ; Okm, Lelirb.
Nat. 82, 1815.

Mazina, sp. Oken, Lehrb. Nat. (1815), 84.

1. Pulmonellum Ficus.

Alcyonium pulmonis instar lobatum, Ellis, Corall. 82. t. 17. B.
Alcyonium Ficus, Pallas, Zooph. 356; not Esper.

Pulmonellum Ficus, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. Lx. (1830) ; Man. Act.

526. t. 92. f. 3, cop. Ellis.

Mazina pulmoniforme, Oken, Lelirb. Nat. 84.

Inhab. Kent, Ellis.

3. Cycloum.

Cycloum, Hassall, Ann. ff Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 433; Johnst.
Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 364, 1847.

1. Cycloum papillosum.

Cycloum papillosum, Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 483;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 364. t. 70.

a, b, c, d. Dry, on Fucus serratus. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

4. Sarcochitum.

Sarcoehitum, Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 434 ; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 466, 1847.

1. Sarcochitum polyoum.

Sarcochitum polyoum, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. cd. 2. p. 366.
t. / I ; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 434.

a, b. Dry, on Fucus serratus. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

Fam. 2. Pedicellinid,®.

Polvpiaria pediccllinea, P. Gervais, Ann. des Sci. Nat. vii. (1837),
80.

Pedicellinae, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 381.

94

BRITISH RADIATA.

1. Pedicellina.

Peclieellina, Sars, Besk. 4, 1835; Van Beneden, Nouv. Mtin.

Acad. Brux. xix. 47- t. 12.

Cardua, Hass all, MSS.

Crinbmorpha, Van Beneden, MSS. 1837.

Lusia, Milne Edwards in Lamk. Hist. Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2. ii. 72,

1836.

Hydra, sp. Bose.

Hydra /3, Flem. Brit. Anim. 1828.

1. Pedicellina echinata.

Fleshy Polypes of a red colour and a particular kind, Ellis, Corail.
pi. 38. fig. 5. E, F.

Hydra coronata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 554 ; Lister, Phil. Trans.
1834, p. 385. pi. 12. fig. 6; Sharpey, Cyclop. Anat. fy Phys.
i. p. 610. fig. 293.

Pedicellina echinata, Sars, Besk. 5. pi. 1. fig. 1 ; Hassall, Ann.
Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 365; W. Thompson, ibid. xiii. 440;
Ann. Nat. Hist. xv. 312. pi. 20. fig. 5 ; J. Reid, ibid. xvi. 390 ;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 382. t. 70. fig. 5 ; Van
Beneden, Nouv. Mem. Acad. Brux. xix. 47- t. 1, 2.

? Hydra lutea, Bose, H. N. Vers, ii. 236. t. 22. fig. 2; Lamk. Hist.
ed. 2. ii. 60.

Lusia, it/. Edwards in Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. ii. 72.

a, b. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
c. In spirits with Eucratea chelata. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

Note. — “ Forbesia, H. D. S. Goodsir, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist.
xv. 380. t. 20. fig. 4, is the skin of a w orm.” — Dr. Melville.

Order II. CORNEA.

Polyzoa cornea, J. E. Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 135.

Fain. 1. Vesiculariad,®.

Vesiculariadae, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 135.

Vesicularina, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 367-

1. Amathia.

Amatliia, Lamx. Bull. Soc.Philom. iii. 184, 1812(Sert. lendigera).
Serialaria, Lamk. 1812 (no char.), 1816; Blainv. 1830, 1834.
Sertularia, sp. Pallas.

Pennaria (type), Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 93, 1815.

BRITISH RADIATA.

95

1. Amathia lendigera.

Fucoides lendigerum capillamentis Cuscutse instar implexis, Rail
Syn. 38. no. 3.

Nit Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 27. no. 24. pi. 15. fig. b, B.
Sertularia lendigera, Linn. Syst. 1311 ; Pall. Elench. 124 ; Ellis
and Soland. Zooph. 52 ; Olio. Zool. Adriat. 289 ; Esper,
PJlanz. Serf. t. 9. figs. 1, 2; Turt. Gmel. iv. 682; Berk. Syn.
i. 218 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 445 ; Wern. Mem. i. 564 ; Turt. Brit.
Faun. 215; Bose, Vers, iii. 117; Hogg’s Stock. 33; Lister,
Phil. Trans. 1834, 384.

La Sertolara lendinosa, Carol. Polip. Mar. 229. t. 9. figs. 1, 2;

D. Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iv. 146.

Serialaria lendigera, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 130, ed. 2. ii. 169;
Risso, VEurop. Merid. v. 315 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 547 ; Stark.
Elem. ii. 439 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 467 ; Couch,
Zooph. Cornw. 37 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 94. pi. 16. fig. 4 ; Blainv.
Act. 47 6. pi. 38. fig. 2; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.
p. 369.

Amathia lendigera, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184; Cor.

Flex. 159; Expos. Method, p. 10; Corall. 68.

Pennaria lendigera, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 93.

a. Dry, on paper. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Dry, on paper. Coast of Northumberland. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. Dry. Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Belfast Bay, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

2. Vesicularia.

Vcsicularia, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 370.

Vesicularia, sp. J . V. Thompson.

! Valkeria (3, Flem. Brit. Anim. 551, 1828.

Laomedea, sp. Lamx. 1812; Blainv. 1834.

Ilalecium a, sp. Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 92, 1815.

1. Vesicularia spinosa.

' Conferva marina cancellata, Rail Syn. i. 59. no. 1 1 ; Dill. Hist.
Muse. 24. no. 22. pi. 4. fig. 22, fide D. Turner, Linn. Trans.
vii. 106.

I Conferva cancellata, Linn. Syst. ii. 720; With.Bot.Arrang. iv. 1 31.

| Silk Coralline, Ellis, Corall. 20. no. 17- pi. 11. figs, b, B, c, D.

I Sertularia spinosa, Linn. Syst. 1312; Ellis and Soland. Zooph.
48; Turt. Gmel. iv. 682; Esper, PJlanz. Sert. t. 28. figs. 1,
2, 3; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 564; Bose, Vers, iii. 118;
Berk. Syn. i. 219 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 446; Turt. Brit. Faun. 215;
Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 120, ed. 2. ii. 148 ; Hogg’s Stock. 33.
Sertularia sericea, Pall. Elench. 114.

96

BRITISH RADI ATA.

Laomedea spinosa, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Philom. 1812, iii. 184; ];
Corail. 91 ; Blainv. Actinol. 474; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. jj
ix. 466.

Valkeria spinosa, Flem.Brit. Anim. 551 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw.

38.

Vesiculavia spinosa, J. V. Thompson, Zool. Must. 98. pi. 3. |
figs. 1-8; Farre, Phil. Trans. 1837, 401. pi. 22; Johnst. \
Brit. Zooph. 250. pi. 29. figs. 1-4 ; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag.
Nat. Hist. vi. 170 ; Van Beneden, Les Bryozoaires, 30. pi. 4.
fig. c; Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 94. pi. 17. fig. 1 ; Johnst. Hist. ,
Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 370. t. 72. figs. 1-4.
a, b. Dry, on paper. Cork, J. V. Thompson, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. Dry, on paper. Belfast Bay, W. Thompson, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Dry, on paper. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. ? Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Beania.

Beania, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 371.

1. Beania mirabilis.

Beania mirabilis, Johnst. Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 272; Hist. Brit.
Zooph. ed. 2. p. 372. f. 69, 70.

a. On a Pecten maximus “ with Lepralia annulata, L.
immersa, Tubipora hispida, and T. orbiculus.” Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. On Anomia. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

4. Valkeria.

Valkeria, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 1847, ed. 2. p. 373.

Valkeria a, Flem. Brit. Anim. 550, 1828.

Vesieularia, sp. J. V. Thompson.

Cuseutaria, Blainv. Diet. S. N. lx. 461, 1830; Act. 497, 1834.
Campanularia, sp. Blainv. Man. Act.

Clytia, sp. Lamx. 1816.

Sertularia, sp. Lamx. 1812.

Peripyxis, Ehrenb. Cor. Roth. Meer. 1834.

* CUSCUTARIA.

1. Valkeria Cuscuta.

Climbing Dodder-like Coralline, Ellis, Corall. 28. no. 26. pi. 14.
fisr. c. C.

BRITISH RADIATA.

97

Sertularia Cuscuta, Linn. Syst. 1311 ; Pall. Blench. 125; Ellis
and Soland. Zooph. 53; Berk. Syn. i. 218; Mull. Zool. Dan

*"• 62oh UL hS\}-3; TurL GmeL iv- 680; Tart. Brit.
Faun. 214 - Bern. Mem. 1.564; Bose, Vers , iii. 113; Stew.
Blem. h. 444; Fleming, Wern. Mem. iv. 485. pi 15 fi,, 1 .
Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184 S' ’

Brit- Anim- 550 ’ Farre’ Phil. Trans.
183/ 402 pi. 23 ; H assail, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 286 •
lan Beneden, LesBryozoaires, 27. pi. 4. fig. B ; Couch, Corn.
Faun, m .96. pi. 17. fig. 3; Johnst. Hist. B. Z. ed. 2. p 374
\esiculana Cuscuta, Thornp. Zool. Illust. 9 7. pi 2 fio-s 1-4 '

e^cuiana Cuseuta, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 461°; Actinol.
49/ . pi. 82. fig. 2.

Peripyxis Cuscuta, Ehrenh. Corail. Roth. Meer 74

a. Dry, on paper. Cork harbour, J. V. Thompson, Esq.

Presented by G. Johnston, M.D. 4

b. Dry, on paper, with Sertularia polyzonias and Cellularia
reptans. Ayrshire. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. Dry, on paper. Bootle, Cheshire. Presented bv G

Johnston, M.D. J

d. Ayrshire. P. W. Martin, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

e. Devonshire, Mrs. E. Griffith. Presented by G. Johnston,

/. Dry. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
g. Dry. Presented by G. Johnston, M D

johS„,Myb.w- ** *r «•

*’ Ayrsb n'e , P . W. Maclagan, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

j. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

** Valkeria.

2. Valkeria Uva.

Grape Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 27. no. 25. pi. 15. fio-s c C D
Sertularia Uva, Linn .Syst. 131 1 ; Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 53;
Berk. Syn. i. 218 ; Turt. Gmel. iv. 682; Turt. Brit. Faun. 215;
Stew. Elem. u. 44o ; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 564 ; Bose, Vers
ui. 117 ; Hogg’s Stock. 34. 5 ’

C1£la466a’ Lam°Ur‘ C°ralL 89 J Templeton, Mag . Nat. Hist.

V a’ke"a Vv^Plem. Brit. Anim. 551 ; Hassall, Ann. &■ Mag. Nat

ffii-95V1nl Z0Ut' ?TpL mjrnw- 38 5 Couch’ G°rn.Faun.
ui. Jo. pi. 16. fig. 5; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 375

Campanularia ovifera , Blainv. D. S. N. lx. 438; Man. Act. 473

E

.98

BRITISH RADIATA.

*** Vesicularella.

3. Valkeria pustulosa.

Vulkaria pustulosa, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 376.

Dichotomous tubular Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 54. pi. 2 7. fig. b, B

Sertularia pustulosa, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 54 ; Turt. Gmel i
iv. 680; Bose, Vers, iii. 113 ; Stew. Elen. ii. 444; Turt. Brit
Faun. 214 ; Mem. Brit. Anim. 551.

Vesicularia pustulosa, Thornp. Zool. Illust. 99. pi. 1. figs. 5-11.

a. Dry, on paper. Cork harbour, J. V. Thompson, Esq
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c. Dry, on paper. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

5. Bowerbankia.

Bowerbankia, Farre, Phil. Trans. 1837 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph
ed. 1. 255, ed. 2. 377-

Valkeria, sp. Coldstream ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1.254, 1838 I

Serialaria, Templeton.

1. Bowerbankia imbricata.

Bowerbankia imbricata, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 377
fig. 71- t. 72. figs. 5, 6.

Primary state. Bowerbankia densa, Farre, Phil. Trans. 1837 >
p. 391 . pi. 20, 21 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 255; IV. Thompson
Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 252 ; Van Beneden, Les Bryozoaires, 29
pi. 4. fig. A.

Adult state. Sertularia imbricata, Adams, Linn. Trans, v. 1 1 . pi. 2
figs. 5-1 1 ; Turt. Gmel. iv. 683 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 216 ; Stew
Elem. ii. 450; Thomp. Zool. Illust. 94. pi. 1. figs. 1-4.

Valkeria glomerata, Coldstream, Edinb. New Phil. Journ. ix. 235 t .
pi. 2. figs. 1, 2; Edinb. Journ. Nat. Sf Geog. Sc. iii. 53.

Serialaria imbricata et S. verticillata, Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist
ix. 467. fig- 66.

Valkeria imbricata, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 254; Hassall, Ann. S
Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 363. pi. 8. fig. 2 ; Couch, Corn. Faun
iii. 95. pi. 17. fig. 2.

a. Dry, on paper. Cork harbour, J. V. Thompson, Esq
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Dry, on paper. Youghal, Miss Ball. Presented by G
Johnston, M.D.

c. d, e. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

/. In spirits (primary state). Presented by G. Johnston
M.D.

g. In spirits (secondary state). Southampton. Presentei
by G. Johnston, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA.

99

i

ji,

•«

J!

ii

u

6. Farrella.

Lagenella, Farre, Phil. Trans. 1837 ; not Ehrenberg, 1832.
Farrella, Ehrenberg , Ann. Sy Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. p. 303 ; Jolinst.

Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 380.

Laguneula, Van Beneden, Mem. 5, 1845.

Bowerbankia, sp. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1. 256, 1838.

1. Farrella repens.

Farrella repens, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 380.
Lagenella repens, Farre, Phil. Trans. 1837, p. 403. pi. 24; W.
Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 252 ; Hassall, Ann. by Mag.
Nat. Hist. vii. 364.

Bowerbankia repens, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 256.

Laguneula repens, Van Beneden, Recherch. 25. pi. 1 & pi. 2 A.
a. Dry, on paper, with Cellularia scuposa and C. ciliata.
Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston,

M.D.

Fam. 2. Cristatellid.®.

Polvpes douteux (P. dubia), Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. 1830, lx.

455.

Polypiaria hippocrepia, P. Gervais, Ann. des Sc. Nat. vii. (1837),
p. 77 (from Blainv.).

Limniades, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1. 248, 1838; Allman, Ann.
Sy Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii.

Polyzoa hippocrepia, J. E. Gray, Syn.Brit. Mus. (1842), p. 135 ;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 386, 1847.

Cristatellida:, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mtis. 1842, 135.

Cristatellidae & Plumatellidse, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 387-391,
1847.

1. Cristatella.

Cristatella, Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 656, 1797 ; R. A. 1817 ; Oken,
Lehrb. Nat. 54.

Cristatella, Lamk. 1801, animal only, Lamk. 1818.

1. Cristatella Mucedo.

De kleine Vederbos-poly, met. bet. balvormig lyf, Rosel, Hist.

der Insect, iii. ; Polyp. 517- pi. 91.

Cristatella Mucedo, Cuv. Tab. Elem. 656 (1797); Rig. Anim. iii.
296 ; Gervais, Ann. des Sc. Nat. Part. Zool. vii. 77, n. s. ;
Turpin, ibid. vii. 65. pi. 2, 3. figs. 1-7 ; Allman, Athenaeum,
Sept. 1846, p. 1005; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 387-
fig. 72.

C. stagnorum, Lamk. Syn. 385 (animal, not sponge).

Cristatella Centrifuga, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 54.

e 2

100

BRITISH RADIATA.

C. vagans, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 97, ed. 2. ii. 110; Blainv.
Actinol. 489, 678. pi. 85. fig. 7 ; Bose, Vers, iii. 180. pi. 30. I
fig. 9 ; Stark. Elem. ii. 442.

C. mirabilis, Dalyell, Edinb. New Phil. Jourti. xvii. 414; Rep.
Brit. Assoc. 1834, 604.

Inhab. Fresh water, Scotland, Dalyell. Ireland, Allman.

2. Alcyonella.

Pliaretria, Oken, Lelirb. Nat. 53, 1815.

Alcyonella, Lamk. Hist. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 100,1816; Expos. Me'th.

71, 1821 ; Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 456, 1830.

Plumatella, sp. Bose, Hist. Vers, iii. 80?, 1822; Lamk. Hist.

Anim. s. Vert. ii. 107 (not Syst. 1801).

Naisa (sp.?), Lamx. Pol. Flex. 223, 1816.

Tubularia a, Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 664 (1798).

Tubularia, Voucher, Bull. Soc. Phil. iii. 158 (1812).

Tubularia, sp. Linn.; Pallas.

Cristatella, Flem. Brit. Anim. 518 (1828).

Fedel and Roehrel, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 53, 1815.

1. Alcyonella campanulata.

Variation a, sponge-like, massive.

Alcyonium fluviatile, Bruy. Ency. Me'th. 24. 410 ; Bose, Vers, iii.

159 ; Lamx. Cor. Flex. 354 ; Cor all. 250.

Ephydatia Gibbsii, Gray, Brit. PI. i. 353.

Alcyonella stagnorum, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 102, ed. 2. ii. 442;
Lamx. Soland. t. 76. figs. 5-8 (bad); Teale, Trans. Leeds
Phil. 8f Lit. Soc. i. 116. pi. 12; Mag. Zool. Sf Bot. i. 293; I
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 391. figs. 73, 74, 75. t. 74.
478; Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 456; Actinol. 491. pi. 85.

A. fluviatilis, Raspail, Mem. de la Soc. d’Hist. Nat. de Paris, iv.
130. pi. 12-16.

Variation /3, see Lamx. Pol. Flex. 223, 354 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph.
ed. 2. p. 390.

Polypes a Panache, Trernb. Mem. 210. pi. 10. figs. 8, 9; Reaum.
Mem. des Insect, vi. pref. lxxvi.

The Bell-flower Animal or Plumed Polype, Baker, Employ. Mi-
cros. 306. pi. 12. figs. 15-22.

Hydra campanulata, Linn. Syst. ed. 10. 817-
Tubularia crystallina, Pall. Elench. 85.

T. campanulata, Linn. Syst. 1303; Berk. Syn. i. 215; Shaw,
Nat. Misc. x. pi. 354 ; Turt. Gmel. iv. 668 ; Turt. Brit. Faun.

21 1 ; Adams on the Microscope, 449. pi. 22. fig. 32 ; Bose,
Vers, iii. 92; Blumenb. Man. 272; Cuv. Tab. Elem. 665.

BRITISH RADIATA.

101

Leucoplira lieteroclita. Mull. Infus. 158. pi. 32. figs. 27-34, co-
pied in Encyclop. Method. Vers, pi. 11. figs. 40-4G (in its
foetal condition).

T. reptans, Bose, Vers, iii. 93 ; Blumenb. Naturg. 440.
Plumatella cristata, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 107, ed.2. ii. 122;

Stark. Elem. ii. 441 ; Blainv. Actinol. 490.

PI. campanulata, Risso, L’Europ. Me'rid. v. 308.

Naisa reptans. Lama;. Corail. Flea. 99. pi. 6. fig. 4, from Trembley.
Cristatella campanulata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 5)8.

C. paludosa, Dalyell, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1834, 606.

Fedel, or Tub. crystallina s. reptans, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 53.
Roelirel, or Tub. gelatinosa s. campanulata, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 53.

a. A rounded mass. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. In Sticks, Serpentine River, Hyde Park, Middlesex.

c. In an expanded mass. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Plumatella.

Plumatella, Bose, Hist. Vers, iii. 80 (1802) ; Lamk. Hist. Anim.

s. Vert. ii. 108 (1816) ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 402 (1847).
Naisa, Lamx. Pol. Flex. 222 (1816).

Tubipora, sp. Linn.

Tubularia, sp. Muller ; Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 665 ; Voucher, Bull.
Soc. Philom. iii. 158.

1. Plumatella repens.

Tubipora repens, Linn. Syst. ed. 10. 7.90.

Tubularia repens, Mull. Verm. ii. 16; Zool. Dan. Prod. 254;
Bose, Vers, iii. 93.

Roelirel, or T. repens, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 54.

Tubul. reptans, Turt. Grnel. iv. 669 ; Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 665 ;
Voucher, Bull. Soc. Phil. in. 1. 19. figs. 1—5 ; Schaffer, Armpol.
1754, t. 1. figs. 1, 2.

Plumatella repens, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 108, ed. 2. ii. 123;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 522; Stark. Elem. ii. 44 1 ; Landsborough,
Scot. Christ. Herald, n.s. 1.727; Hassall, Ann. S,- Mag. Nat.
Hist. x. 153; G. J. Allmaji, Proc. R. Irish Acad. 1843; W.
Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 254 ; Allman, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist. xiii. 330; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed.2. p.40.3.
Naisa repens, Lamx. Cor. Flex. 98.

a. Dry, on a submerged leaf of Plantago major, in a pond
at Lismoyne near Belfast, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Plumatella emarginata.

Plumatella emarginata, Allman, Ann. <$- Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii.

331 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 404.

Inhab. Freshwater. Dublin, Bandon, Allman.

102

BRITISH RADIATA.

3. Plumatella fruticosa.

Plumatella fruticosa, Allman, Ann. 8f Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. 331 ;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 404.

Inhab. Fresh water. Dublin, Bandon, Glandore, Allman.

4. Naisa.

Naisa, sp. Lamx. Pol. Flex. 224.

Fredericella, P. Gervais, Ann. Sci. Nat.

Plumatella, sp. Bose, Hist. Vers, iii. 80; Flem. Brit. Anim. 553.
Tubularia, sp. Blumenb. ; Cuv. Tab. Elem. 665.

1. Naisa sultana.

Tubularia sultana, Blumenb. Man. 2/2. pi. 1. fig. 9; Cuv. Tab.

Elem. 665 ; Bose. Vers, iii. 93.

Plumatella gelatinosa, Flem. Brit. Anim. 553.

Fredericella sultana, Allman, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. 331 ;
W. Thompson, Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1843, p.285; Couch, Corn.
Faun. iii. 135 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 405.
Naisa sultana, Lamx. Pol. Flex. 224.

Inhab. Fife, Lochmill-loch, Fleming. Penzance, Couch. Dub-
lin, Bandon, Allman.

2. Naisa dilatata.

Fredericella dilatata, Allman, Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. 331 ;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 405.

Inhab. Fresh water. Dublin, Allman.

Fam. 3. Paludicellaid,e.

Paludicellaidae, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 405.

1. Paludicella.

Paludicella, P. Gervais-, Allman, Proc. R. Irish Acad. 1843;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 405.

1. Paludicella articulata.

Paludicella articulata, G. J. Allman, Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. 1843,
t. 1 ; Ann. bf Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. 331 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit.
Zooph. ed. 2. p. 405. fig. 77- J

a. Dry, on paper. Lough Earn, W. Thompson, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA.

103

Fam. 4. Flustradje.

Flustra, Linn. ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. eil. 2. p. 342.

Flustradae, Gray, Appendix, and Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.
Escharidae part., Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1. 248, ed. 2. 263;
Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 135.

1. Flustra.

Flustra, sp. Linn.

Flustra, Lamk. Syst. 1801 ; Gray, Appendix.

1 . Flustra foliacea.

Fucus marinus scruposus albidus telam sericeam textura sua
aemulans, Morris, Hist. Plant, iii. 646. t. 8. fig. 16 (bona).
Fucus telam lincam sericeamve textura sua a;mulans, Rail Syn.
42. no. 9 ; Jussieu, Mem. Acad. Roy. des Sc. 1742, 298. pi. 10.

fig. 3.

Broad-leaved Ilornwrack, Ellis, Corail. 70. no. 2. pi. 29. fig. a, A,

B, b.

Curious Sea-weed, Hooke, Microg. 140. pi. 9. fig. 2, pi. 14. fig. 1.
Eschara foliacea, Linn. Syst. ed. 10. 804 ; Pall. Elench. 52.
Flustra foliacea, Linn. Syst. 1300 ; Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 253 ;
Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 12. pi. 2. fig. 8 ; Esper, Pjlanz.
Flust. t. 1. figs. 1, 2; Van Beneden, Recherch. 56. pi. 7- figs.
11, 17; Berk. Syn. i. 214; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 156,
ed. 2. ii. 219; Grant, Edinb. New Phil. Journ. iii. 111,337 ;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 535 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 263 ;
Mag. Nat. Hist. iii. 483. fig. 120; Templeton, ibid. ix. 469;
Risso, L’Europ. Me'rid. v. 333; Blainv. Actinol. 450. pi. 75.
fig. 1 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 53; Corn. Faun. iii. 121. pi. 21.
fig. 1 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 343. t. 62. figs. 1, 2.

a. Dry. Frond short, broad. The Tay, Dundee, Vi. Jack-
sou, jun. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Dry. Frond short, broad. Frith of Forth. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. d, i. Dry. Frond elongate, narrow. Frith of Forth.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. Dry. Frond elongate, narrow. Berwick Bay. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

f. Dry. Frond elongate, end of branches dilated. Ireland,
A. H. Hassall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

g. h. Tay. Presented by Capt. Ducane, R.A.

j. Spread on shell with Lepralia biforis. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

104

BRITISH RADIATA.

2. Flustra membranacea.

Flustra membranacea, Linn. Syst. 1.101 ; Fabr.Faun. Groenl.437 ;
Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 253; Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 18;
Flem. Brit. Anim. 536 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 265 ;
Blainv. Actinol. 450 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 55 ; Corn. Faun.
iii. 123. pi. 21. fig. 2 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 348.
t. 66. figs. 1,2, 3.

FI. telacea, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2. ii. 223; Grant, loc.
cit. iii. 111.

Membranipora membranacea, Blainv. Actinol. 447 •

a, b, c, d, e. On Fucus. Berwick Bay. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

f. On Gigastina. “ Ayrshire, Rev. D. Landsborough.” Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

g. On Fucus vesiculosus. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

h. Patch on Fucus. Holy Island. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

2. Chartella.

Flustra, sp. Linn. ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 343.
Chartella, Gray, Appendix and Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

1. Chartella papyracea.

Eschara papyracea utrinque cellifera, summitatibus securis aciei
instar truncatis, Ellis, Corail. pi. 38. fig. 8.

Flustra papyracea, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 13; Flem. Brit.
Anim. 535 ; Lister, Phil. Trans. 1834, 384. pi. 12. fig. 3 ;
Milne-Edwards, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2. ii. 220 ; Blainv.
Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 415.

F. chartacea, Turt. Gmel. iv. 663; Tart. Brit. Faun. 209 ; Stew.
Elem. ii. 436; Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 121; Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 343. t. 60. figs. 5, 6 ; Lamx. Pol. Flex.
104.

a, b, c, d. Dry. Blackrock, Dublin. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

e,f. Dry. Hastings, Sussex. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

2. Chartella securifrons.

Fucus marinus scruposus, Raii Syn. 43. no. 10; Morris, Hist.

Plant. Oxon. iii. 546. t. 1. fig. 1/ (opt.).

Narrow-leaved Hornwrack, Ellis, Corail. 69. no. 1. 1.28. fig. 1. a,
A, B.

Eschara foliacea 13, Linn. Syst. ed. 10. 804.

E. securifrons, Pall. Elench. 56.

*

BRITISH RADIATA.

105

Flustra truncata, Linn. Syst. 1300 ; Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 253 ;
Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 11; Berk. Syn. i. 214; Esper,
Pflanz. F/ust. t. 3. figs. 1, 2 ; Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 274 ; Lamk.
Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2. ii. 219 ; Grant, loc. cit. Ill ; Flem. Brit.
Anim. 535 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 264. pi. 12. fig. 1 ;
Templeton, May. Nat. Hist. ix. 469 ; Jolinst. Hist. Brit.
Zooph. ed. 2. p. 344. t. 62. figs. 3, 4; Blainv. Diet. Sci.Nat.
lx. 415.

a. Dry, on paper. Frith of Forth. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

b. Dry, on paper. Belfast Bay, R. Paterson, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. d. Dry, on paper. Northumberland. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

e. With Sertularia polyzonias. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D. 3

3. Carbasea.

Flustra, sp. Linn. ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph.

Carbasea, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

1. Carbasea papyracea.

Porus cervinus, Marsil. Hist. Phys. de la Mer, 64. pi. 6. fi^s.
25, 26. t e

Esehara papyrea, Pall. Zooph. 56.

Flustra Carbasea, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 14. pi. 3. figs. 6, 7 ;
Turt. Grnel. iv. 663 ; Jameson, fVern. Mem. i. 563 ; Turt. Brit.
Faun. 209 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 436; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2.
ii. 221; Flem. Brit. Anim. 535; Grant, Edin. New Phil.
Journ. iii. Ill; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 264. pi. 9. fig. 4 ;
lempleton, ut sup. cit. 469; Royet, Bridyw. Treat, i. 165.
figs. 63, 64, & 172. figs. 69, 70; Dalyell, Edin. New Phil.
Journ. xvii. 413; Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1834, 603; Blainv. Diet.
Sci. Nat. Lx. 415; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 345.
t. 63. figs. 1, 2.

Flustra papyracea, Esper, Pflanz. Flust. t. 2. figs. 1-3.

a, 0, d. Dry, on paper. Coast of Northumberland. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, 51. D.

c. Dry, on paper. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

4. Avicularia.

Avicularia, J. V. Thompson, MSS. 1847 ; Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc.

e 5

106

BRITISH RADIATA.

1. Avicularia flabellata.

Corallina cum appendiculis lateralibus avium capitum forma,
Ellis, Corail. pi. 58. fig. 7.

Cellularia Avicularia |3, Pallas, Elench. 68.

Flustra avicularis. Sow. Brit. Misc. ii. 21. pi. 71; Flem. Brit.
Anim. 536 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 265 ; Blainv. Diet.
Sci. Nat. lx. 416; Man. Act. 451 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 54;
Corn. Faun. iii. 122; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 346.
t. 63. figs. 3, 4.

F. angustiloba, Lamk. Hist. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 158, ed. 2. ii. 222?
F. capitata, Hogg's Stock. 36.

Crisia flustroides, Lamour. Cor all. Flex. 141?

Avicularia flabellata, J. V. Thompson, MSS. Brit. Mus.

a, Dry, on paper. Dublin Bay, R. Ball, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c, d. Dry. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. Dry, on paper. Cork, J. V. Thompson, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

5. Flabellaria.

Flabellaria, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

Flustra, sp. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 347 ; Gray, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1847.

Sertularia, sp. Olivi, Zool. Adriat. 291.

1. Flabellaria spiralis.

Flustra Murrayana, Bean, MSS. ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph.

ed. 2. p. 347- 1. 63. figs. 5, 6.

Sertvdaria spiralis, Olivi, Zool. Adriat. 291. t. 6. f. 2.

a, b. Dry. Coast of Northumberland. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

c, d, e. “ Flustra Murrayana. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq.”
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

f, a. Drv. “ Zetland, E. Forbes, Esq.” Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

h, i. Dry. Orkney. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
k. With Cellularia temata. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Flabellaria setacea.

Flustra Ellisii, Flem. Wern. Mem. ii. 251. t. 17- figs. 1-3.
Flustra setacea, Flem. Brit. Anim. 536; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.

p. 346; Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 416.

Inliab. Zetland, Northmavine, Fleming, 1808.

BRITISH RADlATA.

107

6. Annulipora.

Annulipora, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.
Membranipora, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 327 ; not Blainv.
Discopora, sp. Lamk. 1816.

Flustra, sp. Muller-, Lamk. 1816.

1. Annulipora pilosa.

Irregular spongy foliaceous Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 73. no. 4.
pi. 31.

Eschara pilosa, Pallas, Elench. 50.

Flustra pilosa, Linn. Syst. 1301; Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 253;
Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 13; Esper, Pfianz. Flust. t. 4. figs.
1, 2; Berk. Syn. i. 214 ; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 159, ed. 2. ii.
224 ; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 415 ; Grant, Edin. New Phil.
Journ. iii. Ill ; Hem. Brit. Anim. 537; Risso, L’Europ. Me'rid.
v. 335 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 265. pi. 9. fig. 5 ; Lister,
Phil. Trans. 1834, 384. pi. 12. fig. 2 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat.
Hist. ix. 469.

Membranipora pilosa, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 280. pi. 34. figs. 10-12;
Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 119 ; Van Beneden, Recherch. 53. figs.
1-10 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 327. t. 56. fig. 6.
Var. 1. On flat sea-weeds assuming a stellate form.
Membranipora pilosa var. a, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 327- t. 56. f. 6.
Membranipora stellata, W. Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 101 ;
Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 369.

a, d. On filiform sea-weed. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. River Tay. Presented by Capt. Ducane, R.A.

b, c. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

f. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

g. Ireland, with Flustra lineata, W. Thompson, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

h. Ireland, with Flustra lineata and Lepralia hyalina, W.
Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Annulipora dentata.

Flustra dentata, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 15 ; Turt. Brit. Faun.
209 ; Lamk. Hist. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 158, ed. 2. ii. 224 ; Tem-
pleton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 469.

Flustra lineata, Esper, PJlanz. Flust. t. 6 (? not good).
Membranipora pilosa, Farre, Phil. Trans. 1837, 412. t. 27. figs.
1-5.

Membranipora pilosa var. /3, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 327-
Eschara millepora, Ellis, Corail. t. 29. fig. D; Ellis, Phil. Trans
abridg. x. 492. t. 12. fig. 4. D.
a. On wood. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

108

BRITISH RADIATA.

7. Flustrella.

Flustrella, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

Flustra, sp. O. Fabr. ; Blainv. ; Johnst.

Membranipora, sp. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1. 282.

Alcyonidium, sp. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 363.

1. Flustrella kispida.

Flustra kispida, Fabr. Fawn. Grand. 438 ; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i.
563 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 537 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii.
266. pi. 9. fig. 7 ; Blainv. Act. 450.

Flustra spongiosa, Templeton, Loud. Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 469 ;

W. Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 253.

Membranipora spongiosa, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 282.

Flustra carnosa, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 288. pi. 37. fig. 5 ; Couch,
Corn. Faun. iii. 125 ; Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 369.
Alcyonidium ? kispidum, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 363.
a Sfb. Dry, on paper. Flustra spongiosa ! “ From R. Brown,
Esq.” Presented by G. Joknston, M.D.

c. Dry, on paper. Fiustra spongiosa. Presented by G.
Joknston, M.D.

d. Dry, on paper. “ Flustra carnosa.” Presented by G.
Joknston, M.D.

8. Conopeum.

Conopeum, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

Flustra, sp. Hassall, Ann. Nat. Hist. vii. 369; Johnst. Brit.
Zooph. 350.

Lepralia, sp. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 350.

Membranipora, sp. Blainv. Man. Act. 447 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph.
ed. 2. 350.

Discopora, sp. Lamk. Hist. ii. 167, ed. 2. ii. 251-
1. Conopeum reticidum.

Millepora reticulum, Esper, Millep. t. 11. figs. 1, 2 (on shell).
Discopora reticulum, Lamk. Hist. ii. 167, ed. 2. ii. 250.
Membranipora reticulum, Blainv. Man. Act. 447.

Flustra distans, Hassall, Ann. Nat. Hist. vii. 369 ; Johnst. Brit.
Zooph. 350.

Flustra hibernica, Hassall, Ann. 4' Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 172. t. 7-
fig. 1. vii. 370.

Lepralia pedilostoma part., Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 315.
Membranipora memkranacea ?, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. t. 57- figs.
11, 12.

Flustra Peaehii, Couch, 9th Rep. Cornwall Polytechnic Soc. 81.
? Flustra Savai'tii,ek«ri. Exp. i. 240, /row Savigny, Egypt . Polypes,
t. 10. fig. 10.

Membranipora Peackii, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 120. t. 22. fig. 13.

BRITISH RADIATA.

109

a. On rock. “ Flustra distans.” Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

b. On rock. “ Flustra fallax.” Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

c. On slate. “ Flustra Peachii or Lepralia pedilostoma.”
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. On Mvtilus edulis. “ Flustra Peachii, Couch, or Lepralia
pedilostoma.” Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. f. On Mytilus edulis. “ Flustra Peachii, from Mr. Peach.”
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

g. On rock. Lepralia pedilostoma. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

h. ? On slate. In bad state : the network between the
thinner and discoloured “ Flustra Peachii ! a state of
Membranipora membranacea.” Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

t. On a shell. In bad state : like h, “ a state of Membrani-
pora membranacea.” Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

9. Callopora.

Callopora, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

Flustra, sp. Linn. ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph.

1. Callopora lineata.

Flustra lineata, Linn. Syst. 1301 ; Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 253 ;
Fabr. Faun. Grcenl. 437 ; Jameson, IVern. Mem. i. 5(i3 ; Couch,
Zooph. Cornw. 55; Corn. Faun. iii. 124 ; W. Thompson, Ann.
Nat. Hist. v. 253; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 349.
t. 66. fig. 4. & p. 350.

Flustra spinifera, Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 266. pi. 9. fig. 6.
FI. hirta, Lamour. Corall. 49; Bose, Vers, iii. 144 ; Risso, L’Eu-
rop. Mtfrid. v. 334.

a, b. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. With Lepralia coccinea, L. trispinosa, and L. immersa.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. With Lepralia coccinea. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. On slate, with Lep. coccinea and L. nitida. Presented
bv G. Johnston, M.D.

/. On algae. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

g. On algae. “ Lepralia nitida var.” Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

h. On stone. “ Flustra fallax, a state of Lepralia tenuis.”
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

110

BRITISH RADI ATA.

10. Amphiblestrum.

Amphiblestrum, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.
Membranipora, sp. Blainv. ; Joknst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2 ; M.-Edw.

Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. ii. 225.

Flustra, sp. Muller ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1 .

1. Amphiblestrum raembranaceum.

Flustra membranacea, Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod. 253. no. 3054 ;
Zool. Dan. iii. 63. t. 117- figs. 1,2; Fair. Faun. Grcenl. 437 ;
Lamour. Corail. 47 ; M.-Edw. Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. ii. 225 ;
Blainv. Man. Act. 450.

Membranipora membranacea, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.

p. 328. t. 56. fig. 7- & p. 478 ; not Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. 412.
Flustra unicornis, Flem. Edin. Phil. Journ. ii. 87 ; Flem. Brit.

Anim. 236 ; Blainv. Act. 450; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 266.
Membranipora unicornis, Blainv. D. S.N. lx. 412; Man. Act. 447-
Flustra tuberculata, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 289; Bose, Vers, iii. 143.
Flustra Peachii, Couch, Rep. Corn. Polytechnic Soc. 81 (see
Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 478).

a, b, c, d, e. On shells and stone. Berwick Bay. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

f. On slate. “ Flustra unicornis.” Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

g. On flint. “ F. unicornis var.” Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

h. On a shell. “ Lepralia indentata, II as sail? ” Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

N. B. Flustra arenosa, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 17 ; Stew. Elem.

ii. 437 ; Bose, Vers, iii. 142; Johnst. Hist. B. Z. ed. 2. p. 350.
Millepora arenosa anglica, Raii Syn. i. 31.

English sandy Millepore, Ellis, Corail. 74. no. 5. pi. 25. fig. e.
Eschara lutosa, Pall. Elench. 37-

Alcyonium arenosum, Turt. Gmel. iv. 564; Turt. Brit. Faun. 207-
According to Mr. Boys “ is undoubtedly the nidus of some marine
animal, as I have found the cells entire, with eggs in each.”
Linn. Trans, v. 231. Mr. J. Ilogg has proved that it is the
nidus of Natica monilifera, Linn. Trans, xiv. 318, &c.

Fam. 5. Bugulid^e.

Bugulidae, Gray , Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

Cellularidse part., Johnst. Brit. Zooph.

Escharidae part., Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1. 248, ed. 2. 264;
Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1847, 135.

BRITISH RADIATA.

Ill

1. Crisularia.

Crisularia, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848
Cnsia, sp. Lamx. 1812, 1816.

Bicellaria, sp. Blainv. 1830.

Cellularia, sp. Pallas ■ Johnst. Brit. Zooph.
Cellaria, sp. Soland.

1. Crisularia plumosa.

Corallina pumila erecta ramosior, Raii Syn. i. 37. no. 20. t. 2.
e f ^ kills, Phil. Trans, abridg. x. 346. pi. 8. fi". h B I)
Soft-feathered Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 33. no 1. pi. 18 fig e A

SeSr‘s/«Stigl219 Unn' ^ 1314 5 Fabr‘Faun- Grceni-4 45 j

C“? SlUTSa; pf: EleT;L 66 ; Couch, Corn. Faun. hi.
t 6iPfi S 1-1’ 4 ’ JohnsL HlSt‘ Brit- ZooPh- ed. 2. p. 341.

S!!^'iaifaStigiat^,r/,mefo Man- 273 5 Brit- Anim. 539.

vZt IdU2°ha,120 * Md' Z0°PL 21 ; Lamk- Anim- s-

Cnsia plumosa, Lamour. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, ih. 185; Corail.

Crisia fastigiata, Templeton , Ann. Sp Mag. Nat. Hist, ix 468
Bicellaria plumosa, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 424 • Act 459

“’bj GCjX“tIM.D.37“°m8' J“ne ,8"-

rf. Torquay, Devonshire, Dr. C. Presented by G. Johnston,
e>/> 9 ■ Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Scupocellaria.
Scupocellaria, Van Beneden ; Recherch 43
Bicellaria, sp. Blainv. 1830.

Cellularia, sp. Pallas ; Flem.

Cellaria, s]>. Soland. ; Lamk. 1816.
Scuparia, sp. Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 90, 1816.

1. Scupocellaria scruposa.

Creeping stony Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 38. no. 4. pi. 20 c C

CeK™US,C.°.raUP® Wlth angular edges to its cells, Ellis, Phil
Trans, xlvrn. pi. 13. no. / ; Phil. Trans, abridg. x. 493. fig.

s‘t^trCTiT;. IS; 1315 ’ *** V". « 15.

Cellularia scruposa, Pall. Elench. 72; Flem. Brit. Anim 539-
Couch Zooph. Cornw.57; Corn. Faun. hi. 126.pl. 23 {S
Keidy Ann. <^r il Ian. Nat. Hist, xv 69 & xv\ ’-<qq t ±
Hi*. Brit . Zooph. il. 2. t. 58. figi, 5, 6 ‘ '

112

BRITISH RADIATA.

Cellaria scruposa, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 23; Bose, Vers, iii.
132. pi. 29. fig. 7 ; Larnk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 141. ed. 2. ii. 192;
Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 261. pi. 11. fig. 5.

Scuparia scruposa, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 90.

Crisia scruposa, Lamour. Corail. 60 ; Templeton, lib. cit. ix. 469.
Bicellaria scruposa, Blainv. Act. 459.

Scupocellaria scruposa. Van Beneden, Recherch. 43. & 50. pi. 5.
figs. 8-16.

a, b, c. On Flustra. Liverpool, — Rylands, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. ? Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Scupocellaria reptans.

Creeping Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 3 7- pi. 20. no. 3. fig. b, B.
Sertularia reptans, Linn. Syst. 1315; Fabr. Faun. Grcenl. 445.
S. repens, Berk. Syn. i. 220.

Cellularia reptans, Pall.Elench.T3-, FI 'em. Brit. Anim. ; Johnst.
Brit. Zooph. 291. pi. 38. figs. 3, 4 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 57 ;
Corn. Faun. iii. 127- pi. 23. fig. 3; Reid, Ann. fy Mag. Nat.
Hist. xvi. 385; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 337. t. 58.
figs. 3, 4.

Cellaria reptans, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 23 ; Lamk. Anim. s.

Vert. ed. 2. ii. 191 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 262.
Scuparia reptans, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 90.

Crisia reptans, Lamour. Corail. 60 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist.
ix. 469.

Bicellaria reptans, Blainv. Act. 459.

a, b, c, d. On sea-weed. Cornwall. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

e. On Corallines. Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

f. On Flustra. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

g. Coast of England. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

h. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Bicellaria.

Bicellaria, Blainv. D. S. N. 1830.

Cellularia, Flem. Brit. Anim. 1828.

Cellularia, sp. Pallas.

Cellaria, sp. Soland.-, Lamk. 1816.

Bugula a, sp. Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 89.

1. Bicellaria ciliata.

Ciliated Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 38. no. 5. pi. 20. d, D.
Sertularia ciliata, Linn. Syst. 1316; Berk. Syn. i. 230; Esper,
Pflanz. Serf. t. 14. figs. 1, 2.

Cellularia ciliata, Pall. Elench. 74 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 540.

BRITISH RADIATA.

113

Cellaria ciliata, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 24 ; Larrik. Anim. s.

Vert. ii. 139, ed. 2. ii. 186.

Bugula ciliata, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 89.

Crisia ciliata, Lamour. Corail. 60; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist.

ix. 468; Van Beneden, Mem. 51. pi. 6. figs. 9-11.

Bicellaria ciliata, Blainv. Act. 459.

Cellularia ciliata, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 291. pi. 38. figs. 1, 2;
Couch, Zooph. Corniv. 56 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 126. pi. 23. fig. 1;
Johnst. Hist Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 335. t. 58. figs. 1, 2.
a, b, c. Scarborough, \Y. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

4. Canda.

Cauda, Lamx. 1816 & 1821 ; Blainv. 1830.

Cellaria, sp. Lamk. 1816.

Cellularia, sp. Flem. 1828.

Bicellaria, sp. Blainv. 1830.

1. Canda arachnoidea.

Canda arachnoidea, Lamx. Pol. Flex. 132. t. 2. fig. 6 (1816);
Zooph. 5. t. 64. figs. 19, 20; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 421 ;
Man. Act. 457- 1. 79. f. 2.

Cellularia Hookeri, Flem. Brit. Anim. 539 (1828); Johnst. Hist.

Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 338. t. 60. figs. 1, 2.

Bicellaria Ilookeri, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 424.

Cellaria filifera, Lamk. Hist. ii. 156 (1816), ed. 2. ii. 171.

a. Brit. Zooph. t. 60. figs. 1, 2. Orkney, E. Forbes, Esq.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

5. Tricellaria.

Tricellaria, Flem. B. A. 1828; Blainv. D. S. N. 1830.

Cellaria, sp. Soland. ; Lamk.

Crisia, sp. Lamx. 1816.

Cellularia, sp. Johnst.

1. Tricellaria ternata.

Cellaria ternata, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 30.

Sertularia ternata, Turt. Gmel. iv. 687.

Crisia ternata, Lamx. Corail. Flex. 61.

Tricellaria ternata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 540; Blainv. Act. 458.
Cellularia ternata, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 335. t. 59.
a, b. On Plumulana. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.
c. Separate fragment. Presented byG. Johnston, M.D.

114

BRITISH RADIATA.

6. Bugula.

Bugula a, sp. Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 89, 1815 (type).

Acamarchis, Lamx. 1816; Blainv. 1830.

Crisia, sp. Lamx. 1812.

Cellularia, sp. Pallas.

Cellaria, sp. Soland.-, Lamk. 1816.

1. Bugula Neritina.

Remarkable Coralline, Ellis, Phil. Trans, ahridg. x. 345. pi. 8.

figs, a, A, G; Ellis, Corail. 35. pi. 19.

Sertularia Neritina, Linn. Syst. 1315; D. Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert.

Nap. iv. 147 ; Esper, Sert. t. 13. figs. 1-3.

Cellularia Neritina, Pall. Elench. 67 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 539 ;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 340. t. 60. figs. 3, 4.
Cellaria Neritina, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 22; Lamk. Anim. s.

Vert. ed. 2. ii. 190; Esper, t. 13. figs. 1, 2, 3.

Bugula Neritina, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 89.

Acamarchis Neritina, Lamx. Cor. Flex. 58. pi. 3. fig. 2; Zooph. 6;
Risso, L’Europ. Merid.x. 318; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx.
423 ; Man. Act. 459. pi. 77- fig- 3.

Crisia Neritina, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 183.

a. Large, reddish, B. Z. t. 60. figs. 3, 4. Scarborough, W.
Bean, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Var. slender, transparent. Tynemouth. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

c. d. Var. slender, transparent. ? Presented by

G. Johnston, M.D.

e. Var. slender, transparent. ? Presented by G.

Johnston, M.D.

7. Bugulina.

Buguliua, Gray, MSS.

Cellularia, Van Beneden.

Cellularia c, Johnst. 1847.

Bugula /3, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 90, 1815.

1. Bugulina avicularia.

Bird’s-liead Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 36. no. 2. pi. 20. fig. a, A.
Cellularia avicularia, Pall. Elench. 68 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 292.
pi. 36. figs. 7, 8; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 58; Corn. Faun. iii.
128; Van Beneden, Recherch. 41 & 48. pi. 6. figs. 1-8 ; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 339. t. 63. figs. 7, 8.

Sertularia avicularia, Linn. Syst. 1315 ; Berk. Syn. i. 220.
Cellaria avicularia, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 22 ; Lamk. Anim.
s. Vert. ed. 2. ii. 191 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 26.

BRITISH RADIATA.

115

Bugula avicularia, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 90.

Crisia avicularia, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 183; Cor.

Flex. 141 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 468.

Cellularia avicularis, Reid, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. xvi. 389.
a, b. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

Fam. 6. Microporid.®.

Microporidae, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

1. Micropora.

Micropora, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

Discopora, sp. Lunik. Hist. Anim. s. Vert. 1816 (not the type) ;

Lamx. Ency. ; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 1830; Man. Act. 445.
Cellepora, sp. Gmel.

FI n st r a, sp. Esper; Blainv. Man. Act. 446; M.-Edw. Lamk.
Hist. ed. 2. ii. 251.

1 . Micropora coriacea.

Flustra coriacea, Esper, PJlanz. Flust. t. 7- fig. 2 ; Johnst. Hist.

Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 349. t. 56. fig. 8.

Discopora coriacea, Lamk. Hist, ii., ed. 2. ii. 251 ; Lamx. Ency.

Meth. 255; Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx. 411 ; Man. Act. 446.
Flustra Latreillii, Audouin, Expl. i. 240, from Savigny, Egypt.
Polypes, t. 19. fig. 8.

a, b. On shells. Sana Island. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

Fam. 7- Celleporid®;.

Celleporidae, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus. 1842, 135; Johnst. Brit.
Zooph. ed. 1. 247, ed. 2. 295.

Escharidse part., Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1 . 247, ed. 2. 263.
Crisiada: part., Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1. 247, ed. 2. 263.

1. IIlPPOTIIOINA.

1. IIlPPOTHOA.

llippothoa, Lamx. Exp. Meth. 82, 1821; Johnst. Brit. Zooph.
ed. 2. 291 (not Syn.).

Catenicella (part.), Blainv. 1830 (agrees with character), not
M.-Edwards.

“Terehripora, D’Orbigny.”

Tubulipora, sp. Jameson.

116

BRITISH RADIATA.

1. Hippothoa catenularia.

Tubipora catenularia, Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 561.

Tubipora catenulata. Stew. Elem. ii. 425.

Hippothoa catenularia, Flem. Brit. Anim. 534 ; Hassall, Ann. fy
Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 170; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 43; Corn.
Faun. iii. 101. pi. 18. fig. 5 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.
p. 291. t. 50. figs. 9, 10.

Hippothoa Elliotse, Gray, Zool. Misc. 34.

a, b, c, d. On shells. Sana Island. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

e,f. Cork, with II. divaricata and Diastopora Obelia.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Hippothoa divaricata.

Hippothoa divaricata, Lamx. Expos. Meth. 82. t. 80. figs. 15, 16;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 292. t. 51. figs. 3, 4.
Catenicella divaricata, Blainv. D. S. N. 1830, lx. 42/ ; Man. Act.
Hippothoa lanceolata. Gray, Zool. Misc. 35 ; Hassall, Ann. fy
Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 366. pi. 8. figs. 5, 6 ; Couch, Zooph.
Cornw. 43 ; W. Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 252 ; Couch,
Corn. Faun. iii. 102. pi. 18. fig. 6.

a, e,f, g, h. Sana Island. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

i. (H. lanceolata) with Lepralia verrucosa, L. reticulata.
Peach. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

j, k, l. On worn Pectens. “ H. lanceolata.” Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

Var. /3. Cells contiguous on sea- weed.

b, c, d. Bootle, Cheshire, Ayrshire, and Ireland. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Hippothoa sica.

Hippothoa sica, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 102. pi. 19. fig. 8 ; Johnst.

Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 293.

Inhab.

4. Hippothoa cassiterides.

Hippothoa cassiterides. Couch, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.

p. 476. fig. 87-
Inhab.

2. Lepraliana.

4. Cribrilina.

Cribrilina, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1838.

Lepralia, sp. Hassall, Ann. Nat. Hist. viii. 368; Johnst. Brit.
Zooph. ed. 2. 312.

BRITISH RADIATA.

117

1. Cribrilina punctata.

Lepralia arenacea, Bean, MS.

Lepralia punctata !, Hassall, Ann. <3- Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 368.
pi. 9. fig. 7 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 312. t. 55.
fig. 1. 478.

Lep. pedilostoma. Couch, Corn. Faun. in. 113. pi. 22. fig. 14.
a, b. On shell and stone. “ L. arenacea.” Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

c. On stone. Berwick. “ L. arenacea.” Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

d. On stone. “ L. punctata.” Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

e. On stone. “ L. punctata!” with L. ansata. Cornwall,
W. Peach, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

/. On stone. Ayrshire, A. II. Hassall, Esq. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

g. “ L. arenacea, with Flustra lineata.” Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

h. Lep. arenacea and L. pedilostoma. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

5. Lepralia.

Lepralia, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1. 277. 1838, ed. 2. 302.
Berenicea, Flem. Brit. An. 533, 1828 ; not Lamx. Exp. 80, 1821 ,
nor Peron.

Escharina, sp. M.-Edw. Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. ii. 230.

Escharoide, sp. M.-Edw. Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. ii. 259?

Cellepora, sp. Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 86, 1815.

1. Lepralia Jacotini.

Cellepora Jacotini, Aud.Expl. i. 238, from Savig. Egypt. Polyp.
t. 7- fig- 8.

Lepralia tenuis, Hassall, Ann. <3‘ Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 412;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 303. t. 54. fig. 2.

L. vinca. Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 116. pi. 22. fig. 7-
L. catenata, Peach, MSS.

a. “ L. catenata.” Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. “ L. catenata! ” Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

Var. a. — d. “ The Alderman, Peach ! ” C. W. Peach, Esq.

Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
e,f, g, h. Sana Island. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

? i. On Fuci. C. W. Peach, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

2. Lepralia assimilis.

Lepralia assimilis, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 304.
Inhab. Dublin Bay, Hassall.

118

BRITISH RADIATA.

3. Lepralia simplex.

Lepralia simplex, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 305. t. 54.
fig. 4.

a. l On Lima. Sana Island. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

b. On shells with Lep. ventricosa, absorbing a slight pit in
the surface. Sana Island. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

c. With “Lep. tenuis, var.” Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

d. e, f. “ Lep. simplex ! ” Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

4. Lepralia ventricosa.

Lepralia ventricosa, Hassall, Ann. <$• Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 412;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 305. t. 54. fig. 5.

a. On stone. Berwick Bay. Presented by 6. Johnston,
M.D.

b, c, d, e. On shells. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

5. Lepralia ovalis.

Lepralia ovalis, Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 413; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 307. t. 56. fig. 1.

a. On Pholas. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c. On Pholas with Lep. ovalis, L. annulata, and L. biforis.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

6. Lepralia 4-dentata.

Lepralia 4-dentata, Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 1/1.
pi. 6. fig. 5; Macgillivray, ibid. ix. 467 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit.
Zooph. ed. 2. p. 309.

Inhab. Ireland, Hassall. Aberdeen, Macgillivray .

7. Lepralia granifera.

Lepralia granifera, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 309. t. 54.

fig- 7-

Flustra Montferrandi, Aud. Expl. i. 240, from Savig. Egypt.
t. 9. fig. 14.

a. On slate. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

b. On stone with Lep. punctata. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

c. Var. cell subannulate. On stone. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA.

119

8. Lepralia Landsborovii.

Lepralia Landsborovii, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 310.
t. 54. fig. 9.

a. On Pinna. Ayrshire, Rev. D. Landsborougli. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

9. Lepralia auriculata.

Lepralia auriculata, Hassall, Ann. 8f Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 412;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 310. t. 54. fig. 8.

a. With Lep. coccinea. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

10. Lepralia pertusa.

Cellepora pertusa, Esper, PJlanz. Cellep. p. 149. t. 10. fig. 2.
Lepralia pertusa, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 311. t. 54.
fig. 10.

Escharina pertusa, M.-Edwards, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2.
ii. 232.

Cellepora perlacea, W. Thompson, Ann. 8f Mag. Nat. Hist. x. 20.
Escharina perlacea, M.-Edwards, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2.
ii. 234.

a, b, c. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. On Lima. Sana Island. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

e. On stone with Lep. catenata and L. variolosa. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

/. With Lep. verrucosa. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

11. Lepralia figularis.

Lepralia figularis, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 314. t. 56.
fig. 2.

a. On shell with “ Lep. variolosa.” Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

12. Lepralia Peachii.

Lepralia Peachii, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 315. t. 54.
figs. 5, 6.

a. On a Pecten “ and another species.” Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

b. On shell with Lep. variolosa. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

c. d. With Tubipora orbiculus. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

? e. On shell with “ Lep. reticulata.” Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

f. On shell with “ Flustra lineata.” Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

120

BRITISH RADIATA.

13. Lepralia pedilostoma.

Flustra hibernica, Hassall, Ann. (5' Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 172. pi. ~.
fig. 1, & vii. 3/0. (The figure quoted “ represents a posterior
view of the cells, the wall of each cell posteriorly being
absent.”)

Cellepora? ovoidea, Lamx. 1 ; Audouin, Expl. i. 2381 , from Savig.
Egypt. Polypes, t. 8. fig. 1 ?

Lepralia pedilostoma, Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 308.
pi. 9. fig. 4 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 315. t. 54.

%• .

Membranipora Peachii, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 120. pi. 22.
fig. 13.

a. Black-rock, Dublin. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

h. On Ostrea. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. On Mytilus. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e, f. On stone, Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
g. On stone. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

k. On stone. Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

i. On stone. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

j. Ou stone. Goran. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

k. “ L. pedilostoma !” Dublin Bay, A. H. Hassall, Esq.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

l. m, n, o. On stones. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

14. Lepralia reticulata.

Lepralia reticulata, J. Macgillivray, Ann. <?$- Mag. Nat. Hist. ix.
467 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 317- t. 55. fig. 10.
a. On stone and shell. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

15. Lepralia fenestralis.

Lepralia fenestralis, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 117- pi. 22. fig. 8;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 318.

Inhab. Cornwall, R. Q. Couch.

16. Lepralia nitida.

Cellepora nitida, Fahr. Faun. Grcenl. 435. no. 443.

Cellepora (Escharoide) nitida, M.-Edw. Lamk. Anim. s. Vert.
ed. 2. ii. 259.

Berenicea nitida, Flem. Brit. Anim. 533.

Lepralia nitida, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 2 77- pi. 34. fig. 7 ; Hassall,
Ann. Mug. Nat. Hist. vii. 367 ; W. Thompson, Ann. Nat.
Hist. v. 253; Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 114. pi. 22. fig. 3.

a. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c. On shell. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA.

121

d. “ Lep. nitida, var.” Kirkwall Bay. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

e. On Modiola, “ Lep. hyalina and Tubipora seipens.”
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

17. Lepralia innominata.

Lepralia innominata, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 114. pi. 22. fig. 4 ;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 320. t. 55. fig. 12.

Lep. pectinata, Peach, MS.

a. “ L. pectinata.” Goran, Sept. 1843. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

b. With L. catenata? and L. coccinea? Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

c. d, e. “L. pectinata!” Sana Island. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

18. Lepralia semilunaris.

Lepralia semilunaris, Hassall, Ann. 4’ Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 411 ;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 320. t. 5fi. fig. 4.

Lep. pustulata?. Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 113. pi. 22. fig. 2.
Inhab. Dublin, Hassall.

19. Lepralia ciliata.

*

Eschara ciliata var. (3, Pall. Elench. 38.

Cellepora ciliata Linn. Syst. 1286 ; Fabr. Faun. Grcenl. 434.

no. 441.

Berenieea utriculata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 533.

Lepralia ciliata, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 279. pi. 34. fig. 6 ; Couch,
Com. Faun. iii. 118. pi. 22. fig. 10 ; W. Thompson, Ann. Nat.
fUst. v. 253 ; J. Macgillwray, Ann. 4" Mag. Nat. Hist. ix.
467 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 323. pi. 5/. figs. 4, 5.

a. On Floridia, with Lepralia hyalina and Crisia eburnea.
Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

b, c. On Floridia. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. On Ulva. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. On Floridia. Ayrshire, Rev. D. Landsborough. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

/. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
g, h. On shells. Kirkwall Bay. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

i,j. On shells. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

122

BRITISH RADIATA.

20. Lepralia spinifera.

Lepralia ciliata, Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 1/1, and
vii. 367- pi. 9- fig. 2.

Lepralia spinifera, Johnst. Hist. B. Z. ed. 2. p. 324. t. 57. fig. 6.

a. On rock. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

21. Lepralia trispinosa.

Discopora trispinosa, Johnst. Edinb. Phil. Joum. xiii. 322.
Berenicea trispinosa, Johnst. Trans. Nerve. Soc. ii. 268.

Lepralia trispinosa, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 280. pi. 34. fig. 5;
Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 118; J. Macgillivray , Ann. Sf Mag. Nat.
Hist. ix. 467 ; Johnst. Hist. B. Z. ed. 2. p. 324. t. 57- fig- 7-

a. C. W. Peach, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. On a Cardium. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. ? “L. trispinosa?” Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

22. Lepralia annulata.

Cellepora annulata, Fabr. Faun. Grant. 436. no. 444; Turt.
Grnel. iv. 641.

Lepralia annulata, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 313.
t. 55. figs. 2, 3.

Cellepora (Escharoide) bimucronata, Lamx. Corail. 41 ; Lamk.

Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2. ii. 260.

Eschara bimucronata, Moll. Eschara, 65. t. 3. fig. 18.

a, b, c, d, e,f. On Fuci. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
g, h. On Fuci with “ L. ciliata /3. insignis.” Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

i, j, k, l. On shell. Sana Island. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

m, n. With Lep. ciliata ? and L. ovalis ? Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

o, p. With L. tenuis. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
q. On Fuci with Lep. hyalina. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

6. Herentia.

Herentia, Gray, Appendix-, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

* Ovarian ? tube lateral, crust irregular.

1. Herentia Hyndmanni.

Lepralia Hyndmanni, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2, p. 306.
t. 54. fig. 6.

BRITISH RADIATA.

123

a. With Lep. appensa, Hass. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

b, c, d. Sana Island. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Herentia insignis.

Lepralia insignis, Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 368.
t. 9. fig. 5 ; Couch, Corn. Faun. t. 22. fig. 11;/. Macgillivray,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 467.

Lepralia ciliata var. /3, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 323.

Flustra Dutertrei, Aud. Expl. from Savig. Egypt. Kept. t. 9.
fig. 2?

Escharina vulgaris part., M.-Edw. Larnk. Hist. ed. 2. 231 ?

a. (L. insignis !), Fowey, 1846. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

b, c, d. (L. ciliata var. insignis.) Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

e. With Lep. annulata on Fuci. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

** Ovarian 1 tube lateral, crust circular.

3. Herentia linearis.

Lepralia linearis, Hassall, Ann. <3* Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 368.
pi. 9. fig. 8 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 308. t. 54.

fig. 11.

a, b. On shell. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

*** Ovarianl tube anterior, central.

4. Herentia biforis.

Cellepora Macry, W. Thompson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. x. 20;

not Chiajel nor M. -Edwards.

Lepralia biforis, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 314.

a. On inside of Pectunculus with Flustra foliacea. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c. On shells. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
d, e,f,g. On shell and rock. Presented by G. Johnston,

M.D.

h. With “Lep. auriculata”? Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

7. Escharina.

Escharina, M.-Edw. Lamb. Hist. ed. 2. 231, 1836 (type E. vul-
garis) ; Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

Escharoide, sp. M.-Edw. Lamk. Hist. ed. 2. 259.

Lepralia, sp. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 278.

Berenicea, sp. Johnst.

124

BRITISH RADIATA.

* Mouth unarmed. Escharina.

1. Escharina Ballii.

LepraliaBallii, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 321. t. 56. fig.5.
a, b, c. On Lima and Pecten. Sana Island. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. On Venus with Lep. biforis. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

e, f. On Lima. Sana Island. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

2. Escharina ansata.

Lepralia ansata, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 307. t. 54.
fig. 12.

a. “ L. ansata ! ” with Flustra lineata and L. punctata ! Corn-
wall, W. Peach, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Escharina unicornis.

Berenicea coccinea, Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 267. pi- 12.
fig. 5.

Lepralia coccinea, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 278. pi. 34. figs. 1-3;
Hassall, Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist.x ii. 367 ; Couch, Com. Faun.
iii. 115; W. Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. x. 253.

Lepralia unicornis, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 321.
t. 57. fig. 1.

a, b, c, d, e,f, g, h. On stone. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

i. On slate. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

** Mouth spinose. Escharoides.

4. Escharina coccinea.

Cellepora coccinea, Abildgaard, Mull, Zool. Dan. iv. 30. t. 146.
figs. 1, 2.

Cellepora (Escharoide) coccinea, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2. ii.
259.

Berenicea coccinea, Flem. Brit. Anim. 533.

Lepralia coccinea, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 322. t. 57.
figs. 2, 3.

Lepralia tridentata, Couch, Corn. Faun. 115. pi. 22. fig. 5.

Var. ft. with a triangular slit or loop on each side of the aperture.
Lepralia appensa, Hassall, Ann. fy Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 367.
pi. 9. fig. 3. *

a. Var. on Floridea. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. On Nullipora. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. With Flustra? lineata, Lepralia immersa, and L. coccinea.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA.

125

d. “ Lep. appensa, Hass. ! with Lep. coccinea.” Cornwall.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e, f. “Lep. coccinea, Mull.” Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

g. “Lep. coccinea var. ft.” Presented by G. Johnston.
M.D.

h, i. “ Lep. coccinea, Muller ! ” Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

j. “ Lep. coccinea, L. appensa.” Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

8. Escharella.

Escharella, Gray, Appendix ; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

Lepralia, sp. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1. 280, ed. 2. 325.
Berenicea, sp. Flem. Brit. Anim. 533, 1828; Johnst.

1. Escharella immersa.

Berenicea immersa, Flem. Brit. Anim. 533.

Berenicea flava, Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 268.

Lepralia immersa, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 280. pi. 34. fig. 8 ; W.
Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 253 ; Couch, Corn. Faun. iii.
118; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 325. t. 57. fig. 8.

a. “ Berenicea flava, Johnst.” Berwick Bay. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. “ L. immersa.” Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Goran. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. f. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

g. On shell. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Escharella violacea.

Lepralia violacea, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 325. t. 57-

fig. 9.

a. On stone. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. On stone. Isle of Man. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Escharella variolosa.

Lepralia variolosa, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 2/8. pi. 34. fig. 4 ; Has-
sall, Ann. <y Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 367 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornu:.
50; Corn. Faun. iii. 116. pi. 22. fig. 6; IV. Thompson, Ann.
Nat. Hist. v. 253; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 317.
t. 55. figs. 8, 9.

Var. a. Lip sinuated on the proximal margin, Johnst. Brit. Zooph.
ed. 2. 317- 1. 55. fig. 8.

Var. ft. Lip with a denticle on the proximal margin, Johnst.
Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 317. t. 55. fig. 9.

126

BRITISH RADIATA.

a. On Pholas, with L. tenuis and L. ? Presented by

G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c, d. On shell. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

e. On rock, with Lep. nitida, L. catenata, L. Hava. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

f. On stone. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

g. ( h . ?) On shells. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

9. Discopora.

Discopora, LamJc. Hist. ii. 164, ed. 2. ii. 248 (type D. verrucosa );
Lamx. Expos. Method. 42 (type D. verrucosa ) ; Blainv. Man.
Act. 446 ; not Fleming nor Johnston.

Lepralia, sp. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 316.

1. Discopora verrucosa.

Cellepora verrucosa, Esper, Cellep. t. 2. figs. 1, 2; not Disco-
pora verrucosa, Lamk. Hist. ii. 164, ed. 2. ii. 248.

? Lepralia Johnstoni, Bean, MSS.

Lepralia verrucosa, W. Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. xiii. 441 ;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 316. t. 56. fig. 3.

Lepralia reticulata. Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 117. pi. 22. fig. 9.

a. On an old shell with Hippothoa lanceolata. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. On wood. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Discopora bispinosa.

Lepralia bispinosa, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 326, t. 57.

fig. 10.

a. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

10. Eschara.

Eschara, Ray ; Fleming, Brit. Anim. 531 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph.
ed. 1. 297, ed. 2. 350; Lamk. Syst. 375, Hist. ii. 173, ed. 2.
265.

Eschara, sp. Pallas, Zooph. 40.

Nullipora, sp. Solander.

Cellepora, sp. Esper.

1. Eschara foliacea.

Eschara retifonnis, Rail Syn. 1. 31 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 531.
Stony foliaceous Coralline, Ellis, Corall. 71. no. 3. pi. 30. fig. a,
A, B, c; Borl. Comw. 239. pi. 24. fig. 6.

Eschara fascialis, Pall. Elench. 44.

Millepora foliacea, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 133.

Cellepora lamellosa, Esper, Cellep. p. 146. t. 6. figs. 1-5.

BRITISH RADIATA.

12/

Eschara foliacea, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 174, ed. 2. ii. 266 ;
Blainv. Actinol. 428. pi. 75. fig. 3 ; Milne-E Awards, Ann. des
Sc. Nat. vi. 36. pi. 3. fig. 1 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 60 ; Com.
Faun. iii. 131 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 351. t. 67.
a, b. Coast of Sussex. Presented by G. Mantell, LL.D.

2. Eschara fascialis.

Italian Coral, Ellis, Corail. 72. pi. 30. fig. b.

Eschara fascialis var. a, Pall. Elench. 42; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert.

ii. 175, ed. 2. ii. 267 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 531 ; Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 352.

Millepora taenialis, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 133.

M. fascialis, Berk. Syn. i. 211 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 204.

Cellepora ligulata, Esper, Cellep. 146. t. 8. figs. 1, 2.

L’Eschare a bandelettes, Blainv. Act. 428; M.-Edw. Ann. des
Sc. Nat. Part. Zool. vi. 43. pi. 4. fig. 1.
a, b. Dr. Leach’s Collection.

3. Eschara cribraria.

Eschara cribraria, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 352. t. 60.
figs. 7-9.

a. Berwick Bay, 1844. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
11. Porella.

Porella, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

Porus, Borlase.

Eschara, sp. Pallas, Zooph.; Lamk. Syst. 375; Hist. ii. 174;
Lamx.

Cellepora, sp. Johnston.

1. Porella cervicomis.

Porus cervinus, Borl. Cornw. 240. t. 24. fig. 7 •

Millepora cervicomis, Soland. 134 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 427 ; Turt.
Brit. Faun. 204.

M. compressa, Sowerby, Brit. Misc. 83. pi. 41 ; Turt. Brit. Faun.

204 ; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 560.

Cellepora cervicomis, Flem. Brit. Anim. 532; Thompson, Ann.
Nat. Hist. v. 253 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 49 ; Com. Faun.

iii. 111. pi. 20. fig. 1 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 299.
t. 53.

Millepora alcicomis, Esper, Millep. t. 5, 6, 7-
Eschara cervicomis, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 86? ; Lamk. Hist. ii. 1 74.
ed. 2. ii. 267.

a. Cork. Presented by Miss Elliot.

b, c. Shetland. Presented by P. Neil, Esq.

128

BRITISH RADIATA.

12. Celleporina.

Celleporina, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

Lepralia, sp. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 304.

Cellepora, sp. Hassall.

1. Celleporina Hassallii.

Cellepora bimueronata, Hassall, Ann. §■ Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 367-
pi. 9. fig. 1 ; not Lamx.

Lepralia Hassallii, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 304.
t. 54. fig. 3. 4 77.

a. On a Patella. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

13. Celleporella.

Celleporella, Gray, Appendix-, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.
Cellepora, sp. Linn. ; Lamx. Coral. 383.

Berenicea, sp. Hassall ; not Lamx.

Lepralia, sp. Johnst. Brit. Zooph.

1. Celleporella hyalina.

Cellepora hyalina, Linn. Syst. 1286 ; Fabric. Faun. Grcenl. 435.
no. 442; Esper, Cellep. t. 1. figs. 1, 2; Lamx. Corail. 38;
Bose, Vers, iii. 148 ; Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 86 ; not Cavolini nor
Chiaje.

Berenicea hyalina, Hassall, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 367.
Cellepora personata, Chiaje, Mem. iii. 39. t. 34. figs. 17, 18, ova-
rian cell.

Lepralia hyalina, W. Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 253 ; Johnst.

Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 301. t. 54. fig. 1.

Yar. /3. Wall of the cells thicker, calcareous and opake.

Lepralia cylindrica, Hassall, Ann. 8f Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 368.
pi. 9. fig. 6.

Var. y. Cells heaped, usually opake and calcareous.

Cellepora ovoidea, Lamx. Corail. 38. pi. 1. fig. 1; Blainv. Act.
444 ; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2. ii. 259 ; Lamx. Exp. Meth.
2. t. 64. figs. 4, 5; D. Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iii. 38.
t. 34. fig. 33.

a. On Fuci. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c, d. On Fuci. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. With ovarian capsules on Fuci. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

f. On Floridea. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

g. On Floridea, “ Tubulipora hyalina. Couch.” Cornwall,
C. W. Peach, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

h. On Floridea. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA.

129

*. On Floridea. Bangoi-, co. Down, W. Thompson, Esq.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

j. On Floridea. Ireland, with Lepralia ciliata and Crisia
ebumea. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

k, l. On Fnci. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

m, n. Fowey Harbour, 1845. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

o. On Algae. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

p. ? Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

14. Cellepora.

Cellepora, sp. 0. Fab. ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 295.
Spongites, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 85, 1815.

1. Cellepora pumicosa.

Porous Eschara, Ellis, Corail. 75. no. 7. pi. 27. fig./, F. & 72.
pi. 30. fig. d, D.

Tubipora verrucosa, Linn. Syst. ed. 10, 789.

Cellepora pumicosa, Linn. Syst. 1286 ; Mull. Zool. Dan. Prod.
253; Berk. Syn. 1. 212; Stew. Elern. ii. 428. pi. 12. figs. 16,
17, copied from Ellis-, Larnk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 170, ed. 2. ii.
256; Lamx. Corall. 40; Flem. Brit. Anim. 532; Johnst.
Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 267 ; Templeton, May. Nat. Hist. is. 469 ;
Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 48 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 1 10. pi. 20. figs. 4,
5; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 295. t. 52. figs. 1, 2,3.
C. verrucosa, Linn. Syst. 1286 ; Fabric. Faun. Grant. 434 ;

Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 229.

C. spinosa, Turt. Brit. Faun. 205.

Millepora pumicosa, Pall. Elench. 254 ; Ellis and Soland. Zooph.

135; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 560; Stew. Elem. ii. 428.
Flustra bullata?, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 16 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 436.
Madrepora verrucaria, Esper, Madrep. t. 17- figs, c, C, & b, B,
is young.

a. On Tubularia. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c. On Natica. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
d. Shetland. Presented by Dr. P. Neill.

2. Cellepora ramulosa.

Cellepora ramidosa, Linn. Syst. 1285; Miill. Zool. Dan. Prod.
253 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 532 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii.
267- pi. 12. figs. 3, 4 ; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ed. 2. ii. 258 ;
Thompson, Ann. 8)- May. Nat. Hist. vii. 481 ; Hassall, ibid.
vii. 367; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 49 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 110. pi. 20.
fig. 2 ; Macyilliv.Ann. SfMay. Nat. Hist. ix. 467; Johnst. Hist.
Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 296. t. 52. figs. 4, 5.

130

BRITISH RADIATA.

Cellepora pumicosa var., Pallas, Blench. 255 ; Ellis and Soland.
Zooph. 136.

Cellepora lsevis, Macgilliv. Ann. 8f Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 467-
a, b. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Cellepora Skenei.

Millepora Skenei, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 135 ; Turt. Brit.

Faun. 204 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 427.

Cellepora palmata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 532.

C. Skenei, Johnst. Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 267 ; Couch, Zooph.
Cornw. 49 ; Corn. Faun. iii. Ill ; W. Thompson, Ann. ty Mag.
Nat. Hist. xv. 322 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 297.
t. 52. figs. 6, 7, 8.

Inhab.

4. Cellepora lsevis.

Cellepora lsevis, Flem. Brit. Anim. 532 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw.
50; Corn. Faun. iii. 112; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.
p. 299.

Eschara lsevis, Blainv. Act. 428.

C. ramulosa var., Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 300.

Inhab.

5. Cellepora vitrina.

Cellepora vitrina. Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 109. pi. 22. fig. 1.

3. Reteporana.

15. Retepoha.

Retepora, Larnk. ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 353.

Frondipora, Oken, Lelirb. Nat. 63, 1815; Blainv. 1830.

1. Retepora reticulata.

Millepora Retepora, Borl. Cornw. 240. pi. 24. fig. 8.

Millepora reticulata, Linn. Syst. 1284; Fabric. Faun. Grcenl. 433;
Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 138 ; Esper, PJlam. t. 2. figs. 1-5 ;
Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 223.

M. Frondipora, Pall. Elench. 241.

Retepora reticulata, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 182, ed. 2. ii. 275;
Risso, L’Europ. Merid. v. 343 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 531 ; Stark,
Elem. ii. 435 ; Blainv. Act. 633 ; Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 130;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 353.

Frondipora reticulata, Blainv. ibid. 406. pi. 69. fig. 1.
Frondipora clatlirata, Oken, Lelirb. Nat. 64.

BRITISH RADIATA.

131

Millepora cellulosa, Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 560 ; Turt. Bril.

Faun. 205; Stew. Elem. ii. 427-
Millepora foraminosa, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 138. pi. 26. fig. 2.
Retepora cellulosa, Johnst. Loud. Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 638.
fig. 69; S. V. Wood, Ann. <§- Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. 16; W.
Thompson, ibid. xv. 322.

Retepora Beaniana, King, Ann. <$• Mag. Nat. Hist, xviii. 237 ;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 353. fig. 67.

Frondipora cellulosa, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 63.

a, b. Northumberland, from Mr. Howie’s collection.

4. Salicornarana.

16. Salicornaria.

Salicomaria, Cuv. R. A. 1837 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 355.
Farcimia, Mem. Brit. Anim. 534; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1.
Cellaria a, Lamk. Syn. 1801, 1812; Lamx. 1812; Blainv. 1830.

1. Salicornaria farciminoides.

Salicomaria farciminoides, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.

p. 355. t. 66. figs. 6, / ■

Corallina fistulosa fragilis, Raii Hist. i. 65.

Corallina fistulosa fragilis, intemodiis praelongis lsevibus, albis,
farciminum modo catenatis, Pluken. Phytog. pi. 26. fig. 2.
Bugle Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 46. no. 1. pi. 23. figs, a, A, B, C.
Eschara fistulosa, Linn. Syst. ed. 10. 804.

Cellularia Saheomia, Pall. Elench. 61.

Tubularia fistulosa, Linn. Syst. 1302 ; Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 267 ;
Berk. Syn. i. 214.

Cellaria farciminoides, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 26.

Isis Hippuris, Fabr. Faun. Grant. 427.

Cellaria Saheomia, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 135, ed. 2. ii. 176;
Bose, Vers, iii. 129. pi. 28. fig. 6 ; Lamx. Expos. Method. 5;
Corail. 55 ; Bull. Soc. Phil. iii. 185 ; Blainv. Act. 455. pi. 77-

fig- L .

Salieomiaires, Cuv. Reg. Anim. iii. 303.

Salicornaria dichotoma, Schweig. Handb. 428.

Salicomaria fistulosa, Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 469.
Farcimia fistulosa, Flem. Brit. Anim. 534 ; Johnst. Trans. Newc.
Soc. ii. 266.

Cellaria fistulosa, S. V. Wood, Ann. <§- Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. 17-
Farcimia Saheomia, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 295. pi. 37- figs. 6, 7 ;
Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 58 ; Corn. Faun. 129. pi. 20. fig. 3.
a. England. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

132

BRITISH RADIATA.

b. Zetland, “ E. Forbes, Esq.” Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

c. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Ayrshire. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Salicornaria sinuosa.

Tubularia fistulosa, Esper, Tubul. t. 2. figs. 1-4.

Farcimia sinuosa, Hassall, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 172. pi. 6.

figs. 1, 2; Macgilliv. ibid. ix. 468.

Farcimia spatliulosa, Hassall, ibid. xi. 112.

Salicornaria sinuosa, Johnst.Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p.356.t. 66. fig.8.

a. Fragment. Coast of England. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

b. Fragment. Coast of England ? Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

Fam. 8. Scupariad^:.

Eucratiadse, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 288.

Crisiadsc part., Gray, Syn. Brit. Mas. 1842, 135.

1. Scuparia.

Scuparia a, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 90, 1815.

Eueratea, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 289.

Eucratea, sp. Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. iii. (1812); Vlem. 1828,
Unicellaria, sp. Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. (1830).

1. Scuparia chelata.

Bull’s-horn Coralline, Ellis, Corall. 42. no. 9. pi. 22. fig. b, B.
Sertularia chelata, Linn. Syst. ed. 10. 816.

Cellularia chelata, Pall. Elencli. 77-

Sertularia loricata, Linn. Syst. 1316; Berk. Syn. i. 220; Esper,
PJlanz. Sert. t. 29. figs. 1, 2; Turt. Gmel. iv. 686; Turt.
Brit. Faun. 217 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 449.

Cellaria chelata, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 25; Bose, Vers, iii.

134 ; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 140, ed. 2. ii. 189.

Eucratea chelata, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184; Corall.
64. pi. 3. fig. 5; Expos. Method. 8. pi. 65. fig. 10; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 289.

Scuparia chelata, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 90.

Eucratea loricata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 541.

Eucratee cornee, M.-Edw. Ann. d. Sc. Nat. n.s. ix.204. pi. 8. fig. 1.
Unicellaria chelata, Blainv. Act. 461. pi. 77- fig- 2.

Crisia chelata, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 261 ; Reid, Ann. Sf Mag.
Nat. Hist. xvi. 392; Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 98. pi. 18. fig. 1.

BRITISH RADIATA.

133

a. Dry, on paper. Bangor, co. Down, W. Thompson, Esq.
Presented bv G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c. Dry, on Fuci. Coast of England. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

d. Dry, on Fuci, with Sertularia pumila and S. polyzonias.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. Drj7, on a crab. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

f. In spirits, with Pedicellaria echinata. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

2. iETEA.

,Etea, Lamx. 1812 (Bull. Soc. Phil.), char.

Anguinaria, Lamk. 1812(no char.) ; Johnst. Br.Zooph. ed. 2. 292.
Falcaria 0, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 91, 1815.

1. jEtea Anguina.

Snake Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 43. no. 11. pi. 22. fig. c, C, D.
Sertularia Anguina, Linn. Syst. ed. 10. 81b; Linn. Syst. 1317;
Turt. Gmel. iv. 686 ; Berk. Syn. i . 220 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 217;
Stew. Elem. ii. 449; Esper, Pjlanz. Serf. t. 16. figs. 1, 2;
Oliv. Zool. Adriat. 291.

Cellularia Anguina, Pall. Elench. 78 ; Ellis, Phil. Trans, lvii.

437. ph 19. fig. 10 ; Hogg’s Stock. 35.

Cellaria Anguina, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 26; Bose, Vers, iii. 135.
JStea Anguina, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184 ; Corail.

65. pi. 3. fig. 6 ; Expos. Method. 9. t. 65. fig. 15.

Falcaria Anguina, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 91.

Sertularia mollis, D. Chiaje, Anim. s. Vert. Nap. iv. 147.
Anguinaria Anguina, Ftem.Brit. Anim. 542 ; Lister, Phil. Trans.

1834, 385. pi. 12. fig. 4 ; Blainv. Act. 467. pi. 79. fig. 3.
Anguinaria spatulata, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 143, ed. 2. ii. 196 ;
Stark. Elem. ii. 439 ; Thompson, Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 252 ;
Couch, Zooph. Comic. 44 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 103. pi. 19. fig. 2 ;
Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 290. t. 50. figs. 7, 8.

a. Dry, on Fucidae. Youghal, Miss Ball. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

b, c. Dry, on Fucidae. Bristol. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

3. Gemellaria.

Gemellaria, Savigny, 1805?; Van Beneden; Johnst. B. Z. 293.
Gemicellaria, Blainv. 1830.

Loricaria, Lamx. Expos. 7 (1821), not Lacep.

Notamia, Elem. Brit. Anim. 1828.

Loricula, Cutier, 1836.

Crisia, sp. Lamx. 1816; Lamk. 1816.

Scuparia 0, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 90, 1815.

134

BRITISH RADIATA.

1. Gemellaria loriculata.

Muscus coralloides, Doody, Rail Syn. i. 34. no. 6.

Coat-of-mail Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 40. no. 7 . pi. 21. fig. b, B.
Sertularia loricata, Linn. Syst. ed. 10. 815.

Cellularia loriculata, Pall. Elencli. 64 ; Hogg's Stock. 35.
Sertularia loriculata, Linn. Syst. 1314 ; Turt. Ginel. iv. 684 ;
Berk. Syn. 1. 219; Esper, Pfianz. Sert. t. 24. figs. 1-3;
Turt. Brit. Faun. 216; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 564 ; Stew.
Elem. ii. 447.

Cellaria loriculata, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 24; Bose, Vers,
iii. 133; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 136, ed. 2. ii. 179 ; Johnst.
Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 262.

Scuparia loricata, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 90.

Crisia loriculata, Lamx. Corail. Flex. 140.

Loricaria europsea, Lamx. Expos. Method. 7.

Notamia loriculata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 541 ; Farre, Phil. Trans.
1837, 413. pi. 27. figs. 6-9 ; Hassall, Ann. SfMag. Nat. Hist.
vi. 170 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 42; Corn. Faun. iii. 101.
pi. 18. fig. 4.

Loricula loricata, Cuvier, Reg. Anim. ed. 2. iii. 303 ; Templeton,
Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 469.

Gemicellaria loriculata, Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 425 ; Actinol.
461. pi. 78. fig. 4.

Gemellaria loriculata, Savig. Egypt. Polyp. ; Van Beneden, Re-
citer ch. 33. pi. 5. fig. 1 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 293.
t. 47- figs. 12, 13. 477.

a. Dry, ou paper. Northumberland. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

b, c, d, e. Dry, on paper. Berwick Bay. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

/. Frith of Forth. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
g, h. Dry, on paper. Cork, J. V. Thompson, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.
i, l. River Tay. Presented by Capt. Ducane, R.A.
k. ? Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

Suborder II. TUBULIPORINA.

Tubuliporina, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 264.

Les Tubuliporiens, Milne-Edwards, Mem. sur les Crisies, p. 14.
Tubuliporidse, Johnst. Trans. Berw. Nat. Club, 107-
? Auliporina, Ehrenberg, Corail, des Roth. Meer. 153.

BRITISH RAD1ATA.

135

Fam. 9. Crisiad^e.

Les Cnsies, Milne-Edwards, Mem. 1-13 ; Savig. Egypt. Polyp.

t. 6. fig. 56, ovarian cells.

Crisiadae, Jolinst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 2 82.

Crisiadae (pars), Gray, Syn. Brit. Mws. 1842, 135.

1. Crisia.

Crisia, Fleming, 1828; Blainv. 1830.

Crisia, sp. Lamx. 1812 ; Jolinst. Brit. Zooph. 283.

Cellaria, sp. Solander.

Cellularia, sp. Pallas.

Falcaria, sp. Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 91, 1815.

Tibiana, sp. Lister, Phil. Trans. 1834.

1. Crisia ebumea.

Tufted ivory Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 39. no. 6. pi. 21. fig. a, A.
Sertularia ebumea, Linn. Syst. ed. 10. 810 ; Linn. Syst. 1316 ;
Esper, Pjlanz. Sert. t. 18. figs. 1-3 ; Berk. Syn. i. 220; Turt.
Gmel. iv. 686; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 565 ; Turt. Brit. Faun.
217 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 449 ; ? Savig. Egypt. Polyp, t. 6. fig. 6.
Cellularia ebumea, Pall. Elench. 75 ; Hogg’s Stock. 35.

La Sertolara d’avorio?, Cavol. Pol. Mar. 240. t. 9. figs. 5, 6.
Cellaria ebumea, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 24 ; Bose, Vers, iii.
133; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 138, ed. 2. ii. 184; Johnst.
Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 262. pi. 11. fig. 5.

Falcaria ebumea, Oken, Lelirb. Nat. 91.

Crisia ebumea, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. iii. 183, 1812 ; Cor. Flex.
138 ; Corall. 60 ; Expos. Method. 6 ; Flem. Brit. Anim. 540 ;
Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 468 ; Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat.
lx. 424 ; Actinol. 460. pi. 78- fig. 3; Risso, L’Europ. Merid.
v. 313; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 41 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 99. pi. 18.
fig. 2 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 283. fig. 62. t. 50.
figs. 3, 4.

a, b, c,f. Dry, onFuci. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. Between talc. Bootle, Cheshire, J. Price, Esq., 1837.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. On Sertularia filicula, with Tubulipora hispida and T.
serpens. Berwick Bay- Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

g. With Cellaria cristata and C. lorieata. Cork, J. V.
Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

h, i. ? Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

j. In spirits. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

136

BRITISH UADIATA.

2. Crisia geniculata.

Tibiana, Lister, Phil. Trans. 1834, p. 385. pi. 12. fig. 5.

Crisia geniculata, M.-Edwards, Ann. des Sci. Nat. n.s. ix. 197.
pi. 6. fig. 1 ; Mem. 5 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zoopk. ed. 2. p. 287.

a. On Fuci, with Sertularia polyzonias. Ireland, W.
Thompson, Esq. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. “A specimen which proves that Cr. geniculata and Cr.
eburnea are one species?” Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

c. Ayrshire, Rev. D. Landsborough. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

3. Crisia acideata.

Crisia aculeata, Hassall, Ann. <$- Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 170. pi. 7-
figs. 3, 4, & vi. 366 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 285.

Crisie ivoire, M.-Edwards, Ann. des Sci. Nat. n. s. ix. 198. pi. 6.
fig. 2 ; not Larnx.

Crisia eburnea, Van Beneden, Recherch. 52. pi. 6. figs. 12-16
(without the spinous processes).

a.? b.l On Sertularia. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

4. Crisia denticulata.

Cellaria denticulata, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 137, ed. 2. ii. 182.

Crisia denticulata, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 284. t. 50.
figs. 5, 6.

Crisie dentel6e, M.-Edwards, Ann. des Sci. Nat. n.s. ix. 201.
pi. 7- fig. 1.

Crisia luxata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 540 ; Blainv. Diet. S. N. lx. 424;
Actinol. 460 ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 262 ; Thompson, Ann. Nat.
Hist. v. 252 ; Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 42 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 99.
pi. 18. fig. 3; Macgilliv. Ann. <^- Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 466.

Crisia patagonica?, D’Orbigny, Voy. Amtfr. Merid.

a. Dry, on Sertularia. Berwick Bay. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

b. Dry, on Fuci. Carnlough, co. Antrim. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

c. On black paper. Presented by G. Jolmston, M.D.

d. Jersey. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Falcaria.

Falcaria, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 91, 1815; F. comuta, type.

Crisidia, M.-Edwards, Mem. ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 287,
1847.

Eucratea, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. iii. 1812; E. cornuta, type.

Uuicellaria, sp. Blainv. Diet. Sci. Nat. lx. 1830.

BRITISH RADIATA.

137

1. Fa lc aria comuta.

Crisidia comuta, Johnst. Hist. B. Z. ed. 2. p. 287- 1. 50. figs. 1, 2.
Goat’s-horn Coralline, Ellis, Corail. 42. no. 10. pi. 21. fig. c, C;
Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 39.

Sertularia comuta, Linn. Syst. 1316 (ed. 10. 810) ; Berk. Syn. i.

220 ; Esper, Pjlanz. Sert. t. 19. fig. 1-3.

Cellularia comuta, Hogg's Stock. 35.

Cellaria comuta, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 25 ; Lamk. Anim. s.

Vert. ii. 139, ed. 2. ii. 187-
Falcaria comuta, Oken, Lehrb. Nat. 91.

Eucratea comuta, Lamx. Bull. Soc. Phil. 1812, iii. 184; Cor.
Flex. 149 ; Risso, L’Europ. Merid. v. 319 ; Flem. Brit. Anim.
541 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 469.

Unicellaria comuta, Blainv. Act. 462.

Crisidie comee, M.-Edwards, Ann. des Sci. Nat. n. s. ix. 240.
pi. 8. fig. 2.

Crisia comuta, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 260 ; Hassall, Ann. fy Mag.
Nat. Hist. vi. 170 ; Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 97- pi. 17. fig. 4 ;
Zoologist, ii. 1095.

Cellularia falcata, Pall. Elench. 76.

a. Dry, on paper. Scarborough, W. Bean, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D.

b. Dry, on paper, with Crisia ebumea. Berwick Bay. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. Dry, onFuci. Cornwall. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

d. ? Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Falcaria setacea.

Crisia setacea. Couch, Zoologist, ii. 1096 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 98.

pi. 17, fig- sin. under the Crisia cornuta.

Crisidia setacea, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 288.

Inliab.

Fam. 10. Tubuliporidas.

Tubiporadae, Flem. Brit. Anim. 528.

Tubuliporidse, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 24 7 ; J- E. Gray, Syn. Brit.

Mus. 135, 1842; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 265.
Les Tubulipores, Milne -Edwards, Ann. des Sci. Nat. viii. 321.

1. Tubulipora.

Tubulipora, sp. Lamk. Hist. 1816.

Discopora, Flem. Brit. Anim. 530, 1828, not Lamk. nor Lamx.

* Orbicular, edge cellular, tubes in quincuncesl Patinella.
1. Tubulipora verrucaria.

Caryophvllus sive Fungites minimus, &c.. Plane, de Conch, min.
not. 26. t. 2. no. 9.

138

BRITISH RADIATA.

Madrepora verrucaria, Linn. Syst. ed. 10. 793; Linn. Syst. 1272;
Pall. Zooph. var. /3. 281 ; Turt. Gmel. iv. 616; Oliv. Zool.
Adriat. 218; Esper, Madrep. t. 17- fig- a, A (not good);
Turt. Brit. Faun. 204 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 426 ; Hogg’s Stock. 38.
Millepora verrucaria, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 137.

Discopora verrucaria, Flem. Brit. Anim. 530.

Tubulipora patina, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 163, ed. 2. ii. 244 ;
Risso, L’Europ. Merid. v. 338 ; Blainv. Act. 425 ; Johnst.
Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 269. pi. 9. fig. 8 ; M.-Edwards, Ann.
des Sci. Nat. viii. 329. pi. 13. fig. 1 ; Thompson , Ann. Nat.
Hist. v. 252; Hassall, ibid, x i. 170; Couch, Zooph. Comic.
44; Corn. Faun. 103; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 266.
t. 47- figs. 1, 2, 3.

Var. /3. Tubulipora bellis, Thompson, MS.

a. On bark, “ Discopora verrucaria.” Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

b. c, d, e. “ Tubipora patina.” Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D.

f. “Tubulipora bellis”! W. Thompson, Esq. Presented
by G. Johnston, M.D., with

g. A monstrous variety. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
** Orbicular, edge thin, tubes in radiating ridges. Disporella.
2. Tubulipora hispida.

Madrepora verrucaria, Fabr. Faun. Grcenl. 430 ; Esper, Madrep.
1. 17- figs, d, D. e, F. & F, G.

“ Coral resembling the cups and foliage of flowers,” Cordiner’s
Ruins, No. xxii. on the authority of Fleming.

Discopora hispida, Flem. Brit. Anim. 530 ; Blainv. Act. 446 ;
Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 270. pi. 31. figs. 9,11; Thompson, Ann.
Nat. Hist. v. 253 ; Hassall, ibid. vi. 171 ; Couch, Zooph.
Cornw. 47 ; Corn. Faun. iii. 109. pi. 19. fig. 1.

Tubulipora hispida, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 268,
t. 47. figs. 9, 10, 11 ; Savigny, Egypt. Polyp, t. 6. fig. 3?
a, b. On Sertularia abietina, with Tubulipora serpens. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. On Sertularia filicula, with Crisia eburnea and Tubuli-

pora serpens. Berwick Bay. Presented by G. Johnston,
M.D. a

d. On Plumularia falcata, with Tubulipora serpens and Crisia
eburnea. BerwickBay. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

e. f,g. “Discopora hispida.” Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

k. “ Tubipora hispida, var. 0, with Tubulipora verrucaria,
M.-Edw.” Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

l, m, n, o, p. “ Tubulipora orbiculus.” Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

BRITISH RADIATA.

139

q. With Lepralia simplex and L. catenata. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

r. With “ Hippothoa catenularia.” Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

s. On Fuci. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

“A state of Tubulipora orbiculus.” Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

Var. /3. smaller, base circular, the centre orbicular.

Tubulipora orbiculus, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 163, ed. 2. ii. 243.
h, i,j. “ Discopora hispida, Flem.” Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

*** Base elongated or incrassated, tubes scattered. Pencil-

LETTA.

3. Tubulipora penicillata.

Tubulipora penicillata, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 271.

t. 48. figs. 1, 2.

Tubipora penicillata, Fabr. Faun. Grotnl. 429; Turt. Gmel. iv.
615.

Tubulipora Fungia, Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 46; Corn. Faun. iii.
107. pi. 19. fig. 3.

a, b, c. Cornwall, R. Q. Couch, Esq. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

4. Tubulipora hyahna.

Tububpora hyalina, Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 47 ; Corn. Faun. hi.

108; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 276.

Inhab. Polperro. On Fucus palmatus. Couch.

2. Piialangella.

Phalangella, Gray, Appendix, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.
Tubulipora, sp. Johnston.

1. Phalangella Phalangea.

Tububpora Phalangea, Couch, Corn. Faun. iii. 106. pi. 19. fig. 7;

Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 273. pi. 46. figs. 1, 2.
Tububpora verrucaria?, M.-Edw. Ann. des Sc. Nat. n. s. viii.
323. pi. 12. fig. 1 ; Hassall (? ), Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. vi.
171- pi. 6. figs. 3, 4 ; and ( ! ) vu. 366.
a, b, c. Cornwall, R. Q. Couch, Esq. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

2. Phalangella flabellaris.

Tubipora flabebaris, Fabr. Faun. Grcenl. 430; Turt. Gmel. iv. 615.
Discopora palmata ?, Risso, L’Europ. Mend. v. 339.

Tubulipora flabellaris, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 274.
t. 46. figs. 5, 6.

140

BRITISH RADIATA.

a, b, c, d. On Fuci. Ireland, W. Thompson, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.
e, /, g. On Fuci. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

3. CoRONOPORA.

Coronopora, Gray, Appendix-, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848.

Ceriopora, sp. Goldfussl
Millepora, sp. Jameson.

Tubulipora, sp. Johnston.

1. Coronopora truncata.

Millepora truncata, Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 560.

Tubulipora truncata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 529 ; Johnst. Hist. Brit.
Zooph. ed. 2. p. 271. t. 33. figs. 8-10.

a. Orkney. Dry. Presented by W. E. Leach, M.D. , 1816.

b. Orkney, fifty fathoms water. In Goadby’s fluid. Pre-
sented by It. MacAndrew, Esq., 1848.

4. Obelia.

Obelia, Lamx. Exp. Meth. 81. t. 80, 1821 ; not Peron.
Pustulipora, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 279, 1847.

Idmonea, sp. M.-Edw.

Tubipora, sp. Linn. S. N. i. 789, 1757-
Tubulipora, sp. Lamk. Hist. ii. 162, 1816.

1. Obelia serpens.

Small purple Esehara, Ellis, Corail. 74. no. 6. pi. 27 e, E ; copied
in Ann. des Sc. Nat. n. s. yiii. pi. 12. fig. 2.

Tubipora serpens, Linn. Syst. ed. 10. 790 ; Linn. Syst. 1271 ;
Turt. Gmel. iv. 614; Jameson, Wern. Mem. i. 561; Stew.
Elem. ii. 426; Bose, Vers, ii. 351.

Millepora liliacea, Pall. Elench. 248; Turt. Gmel. iv. 639; Turt.

Brit. Faun. 205 ; Bose, Vers, ii. 345.

Millepora tubulosa, Ellis and Soland. Zooph. 136 ; Turt. Gmel.
iv. 639 ; Turt. Brit. Faun. 205 ; Stew. Elem. ii. 428 ; Bose,
Vers, ii. 345 ; Hogg’s Stock. 37.

Cellepora ramulosa, Esper, Pjlanz. Cellep. t. 5.

Tubulipora fimbria, Lamk. Hist. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 163?
Tubulipora transversa, Lamk. Anim. s. Vert. ii. 162, ed. 2. ii.
242 ; Risso, L’Europ. Merid. v. 338 ; Lamx. Expos. Me'th. i.
pi. 64. fig. 1 (copied from Ellis) ; Stark, Elem. ii. 437 ; Johnst.
Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 269 ; Blainv. Act. 424.

Obelia tubulifera, Lamx. Expos. Method. 81. t. 80. figs. 7, 8 ;
copied in Blainv. Actinol. 424. pi. 71- fig- L and in Ann. des
Sc. Nat. n. s. viii. pi. 12. fig. 3; Lamk. Anim. s. Vert . ed. 2.
ii. 246.

BRITISH RADIATA.

141

Tubulipora foraminulata, Blainv. Actinol. 425. pi. 62. figs. 3, 3 a
(not of Lamarck).

Tubulipora organisans, D’Orbigny.

Tubulipora serpens, Flem. Brit. Anim. 529 ; Couch, Zooph. Comic .
45; Corn. Faun. iii. 105. pi. 19. fig. 6; Johnst. Hist. Brit.
Zooph. etl. 2. p. 2 75. t. 47. figs. 4, 5, 6.

Idmonea transversa, M.-Edw. Ann. des Sc. Nat. n. s. ix. 218.
pi. 9. fig. 3.

Pherusa tubulosa, Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. 469 — on the
authority of W. Thompson in Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 252.

a. On Plumularia falcata. Berwick Bay. Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

b. On Sertularia abietina, and with Tubulipora hispida.
Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

c. On Sertularia Felicula, with Crisia ebumea and Tubuli-
pora hispida. Berwick Bay. Presented bv G. Johnston,
M.D.

d. On Modiola, with Lepralia hyalina. Presented by G.

Johnston, M.D. •

e. On a Lima, with Lepralia annulata ! Presented by G.
Johnston, M.D.

f. g, h, i. On Fuci. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
j, k, l, m. On shell. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

2. Obelia deflexa.

Tubulipora deflexa. Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 46 ; Corn. Faun. iii.
10/. pi. 19. fig. 4.

Pustulipora deflexa, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 2/9. t. 48.
fig. 5, 5.

Tubulipora serpens var. ?, Johnston, l. c. 2/9.

a, b, c. Cornwall, R. Q. Couch, Esq. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

3. Obelia lobulata.

Tubulipora lobulata, Hassall, Ann. <§- Mag. Nat. Hist. vii. 367.

pi. 10. figs. 1, 2; Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 272.

T. serpens var., Thompson, MSS.

5. Idmonea.

Idmonea, Lamx. Expos. Me'th. 80. t. 79?; E. Forbes ; Johnst,
Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 277, not Flem.

1. Idmonea atlantica.

Idmonea atlantica, E. Forbes, MSS. ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.
p. 278. t. 48. fig. 3, 3.

a,b. Zetland, “E. Forbes.” Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.

142

BRITISH RADIATA.

6. Alecto.

Alecto, Lamx. Exp. Meth. 84, 1821; Blainv. 1830; Johnst.
Brit. Zooph.; not Leach, 1815.

1. Alecto granulata.

Alecto granulata, M.-Edw. Mem. p. 13. pi. 16. fig. 3,3; Johnst.

Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 2S0. t. 49. figs. 1, 2.

Tubulipora trahens. Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 45; Corn. Faun. iii.
105. pi. 19. fig. 5 (not good).

a, b, c, d, e,f, <j, h. On shell. Sana. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

i, k. With Lepralia catenata. Sana. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

2. Alecto major.

Tubulipora repens ?, S. V. Wood, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. 14.
Alecto major, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 281. t. 49.
figs. 3, 4.

Alecto dichotoma, Landsborough, MSS.

a, b, c. d. Sana Island. On shells and stones. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

3. Alecto dilatans.

Tubulipora palmata?, S. V. Wood, Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii.
14.

Alecto dilatans, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 282. t. 49.
figs. 5-8.

a, b, c, d. Sana Island. On shells. Presented by G. John-
ston, M.D.

4. Alecto gracilis.

Alecto gracilis, M.-Edw. Mem. 15. t. 16. fig. 2 ; Johnst. Brit.

Zooph. ed. 2. 282.

Inliab. Isle of Man.

7. Berenicea.

Berenicea, Lamx. Exp. Metli. 80. t. 80. figs. 1, 2, 1821, not Peron.
Tubulipora, sp. Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 1, 1838.

Diastopora, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. 276, 1847, not Lamx.

Exp. Meth. 73, 1821 (fossil Flustra).

Diastopores simples, M.-Edw. Ann. Sci. Nat. v. 252.

Berenicea, sp. Flem. Brit. Anim. 1828.

Obelia, Gray, Misc.-, not Lamx. 1821.

1. Berenicea hyalina.

Berenicea prominens, Lamx. Exp. Meth. 80. t. 80. figs. 1,27
Berenicea hyalina, Flem. Brit. Anim. 533 (1828).

BRITISH RADIATA.

143

Obelia tubifera. Gray, Zool. Misc. 35.

Tubulipora Obelia, Johnst. Brit. Zooph. 269. pi. 30. figs. 7, 8 ;
Couch, Zooph. Cornw. 47; Corn. Faun. iii. 108; Thompson,
Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 252.

Diastopora Obelia, Johnst. Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 277. t. 47.
figs. 7,8.

a, b, c. On shells, with Tubulipora orbiculus. Presented by
G. Johnston, M.D.

d, e,f. On Modiola. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
g, h. On Pinna. Cork. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
i. "WithCelleporapumicosa. Presented by G. Johnston, M.D.
k. “ Tubulipora.” Scilly Island, J. Mac Andrew, Esq. Pre-
sented by G. Johnston, M.D.

8. Pustulipora.

Pustulipora, Blainv. Diet. Sc. Nat. lx.?; Man. Act. 418?; E.
Forbes ; M.-Edw. Ann. Sci. Nat. ; Johnst. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2.
1847, 279.

1. Pustulipora proboscidea.

Pustulipora proboscidea, M.-Edw. Mem. 27. pi. 12. fig.2; Johnst.
Hist. Brit. Zooph. ed. 2. p. 279. t. 48. fig. 4, 4.
a. Zetland Sea. E. Forbes. Presented by G, Johnston, M.D.

APPENDIX

F

I. the character of the families and genera

PROPOSED IN THIS CATALOGUE.

Fam. Campanulariad^e, p. 83.

CoNCHELLA, p. 88.

Coral closely interwoven, resembling a loose-textured sponge ;
fibres not rugged; cells bell-shaped. “Tentacles 8, rarely 10.
Larva is a planula.” Daly ell.

4. Coppinia, Hassall, MSS. p. 88.

" Polvpidom parasitic, hirsute ; cells elongate, tubular, mostly
curved, arising out of the angle of junction of ascending or
basal cells, and the apertures of which are frequently covered
with a lid or operculum, which is itself perforated by a small
tubular orifice.” — Hassall, MSS.

1. Coppinia mirabilis.

Coppinia mirabilis, Hassall, MSS.

a. Coast of Dublin, 1842. Presentedby A. H. Hassall, Esq.

Class V. POLYZOA, p. 91.

Order I. CARNOSA.

The polypes covered with a fleshy envelope uniting together into
a fleshy polypidom.

Fam. 1. Alcyonidiad,®, p. 91.

Polypidom spongy, fleshy, polymorphous ; polype cell irregularly
disposed with a contractile aperture : no external ovarian
capsules.

APPENDIX.

145

Order II. CORNEA.

The polypes covered with a horny flexible external case, forming
a massive or arborescent polypidom.

a. The body of the polype adnate to the cell.

Fam. 2. Pedicellinid,®, p. 93.

Polypidom creeping, sending forth club-shaped cells ; tentacles
numerous, contractile (not retractile) into the cells.

B. The body of the polype separate from the parietes of the cell.

Fam. 3. Vesiculariad,®, p. 94.

Polypidom confervoid, homy, fistulous, continued, not jointed ;
polype cell tubular, cylindrical, deciduous.

Fam. 4. Cristatellid,®, p. 99.

Polypidom tubular, not jointed, often united together into a
mass ; polype cells cylindrical, tubular, permanent.

Fam. 5. Paludicellaid.®, p. 102.

The polypidom confervoid, jointed ; polype cells ovate, with a
roundish rather tubular lateral subapical aperture, all opening
on one side of the polypidom.

c. The polypes covered with a coriaceous external case, which is
thicker on the sides and underpart and thinner above ; opening
of the cell subapical, linear, transverse.

Fam. 6. Flustradje, p. 103.

Polype cells placed side by side, forming an expanded crust on
rocks, or continued frond, bearing cells on one or both of its
sides ; ovicells numerous, subglobose.

a. Interspaces between the cells coriaceous.

1. Flustra, p. 103.

Coral frondose, expanded, forked, with cells on both sides, or
crustaceous, applied to marine bodies ; cells ovate, six-sided,
broad above, narrower below, semi-alternate with scattered mar-
ginal denticles ; ovarial cells globular.

2. Ciiartella, p. 104.

Coral frondose, expanded, lobed, with cells on both sides ;
cells linear-oblong, in many series, with smooth edges.

G

146

APPENDIX.

3. Carbasea, p. 105.

Coral frondose, expanded, lobed, with the cells only on one
side; cells oblong, six-sided, in many series, narrow and trun-
cated below, with smooth edges.

4. Avicularia, p. 105.

Coral linear, branched, forked, with the cells only on one side ;
cells oblong, with a spine on each side of the aperture ; ova-
rial cells globular, large.

5. Flabellaria, p. 106.

Coral linear, branched, forked, with the cells only on one side,
with scattered root-like fibres ; cells ovate, hexangular, trun-
cated above, many-rowed ; edge spinose ; ovarial cells hemi-
spherical.

6. Annulipora, p. 107.

Coral incrusting, membranaceous ; cells shallow, ovate, circular,
spinose on the edge, close together ; ovarial cells ?

/. Flustrella, p. 108.

Coral incrusting, defined, rather fleshy, spinulose; cells shallow,
ovate, spinose on the edge, rather far apart.

b. Interspaces between the cells calcareous.

8. Conopeum, p. 108.

Coral incrusting, forming a regular roundish spot, formed of a
single layer of regular cells placed close side by side, calcareous,
rather vesicular ; cells rhombic, in a quincunx ; ovarial cells
very small, globular.

9. Callofora, p. 109.

Coral incrusting, forming a regular roundish spot formed of a
single layer of regular cells placed side by side, those of the
circumference being imperfect; cells ovate, elongate, edged with
crowded spines ; membranaceous above ; ovarial cells globular.

10. Amphiblestrum, p. 110.

Coral incrusting, spreading, formed of a single layer of regular
cells placed side by side; cells elongate-oblong, four-sided,
sides thick, calcareous, each defined with a slight groove above,
upper surface membranaceous.

Fam. 7. Bugulidje, p. 110.

Polype cells single or in pairs or threes, each group forming a
joint of a jointed confervoid polypidom, having the aperture of
the cells all on one side.

APPENDIX.

147

1. Cbisularia, p. 111.

Epistomia, p. 83, should be arranged in this family. See Busk,
Rep. Misc. Soc. 1848, 14.

The following exotic genera appear to belong to this family : —

Selbia, Gray, Dieffenbach, New Zealand, ii. 292, 1843. S. Ze-
landica.

Halophila, Gray, l. c. ii. 292, 1843. H. Johnstonise.

Caberea, Lamx. Corall. 128, 1816; Blainv. 1830. Cellularia,
sp. Lamk. Hist. 1816. Cab. dichotoma.

D. The polypes covered with a hard coriaceous external case of
equal thickness throughout ; opening of the cell subapical, linear,
transverse.

Fam. 8. Microporidas, p. 115.

Polype cells forming a crust, placed in a single layer in a quin-
cunx manner.

1. Micropora, p. 115.

Coral crustaceous ; cells in a quincunx ; aperture linear and
lunate.

Order III. CALCAREA.

{Polypes forming a calcareous coral.)

Suborder I. CELLEPORINA, p. 115.

Coral calcareous, the polypes covered with a calcareous external
case of equal thickness throughout ; opening of the cell sub-
apical, roundish.

Fam. 9. Celleporid.®, p. 115.

Polype cells placed side by side, forming an applied crust, or
frondose, or branched, not jointed, polvpidom generally fur-
nished with globular capsules.

a. Cells attached, forming an anastomosing network without any
crust ; ovarian cell globular (Savig. Pol. Egypt, t. f. 3). Hi p-
POTHOINA, p. 115.

1 . Hippothoa, p. 115.

b. Cells side by side in a single layer, forming u crust. Lepra-
liana, p. 116.

Cribrilina, p. 116.

Cells spongy, porous or cribellated, "placed side by side in a
single series, only slightly thickened by age, uniform, decum-
bent ; mouth superior, semilunar ; ovarian tube none.

148

APPENDIX.

Lepralia, p. 117.

Cells calcareous, hard, placed side by side in a single series,
only slightly thickened by age, decumbent ; mouth superior,
semilunar; ovarian tubes none; ovicell globular, anterior, simple
in front.

* Mouth of cell unarmed.

t Crust pierced between the cells. Spec. 1 . L. Jacotini.
t Crust continued. Sp. 2. L. simplex.

** Mouth of cell ciliated. Sp. 19 to 21. L. ciliata, &c.

*** Mouth of cell with a spine on each side. Microstoma. 22.
L. annulata.

Herentia, p. 122.

Cells calcareous, hard, placed side by side, forming a uniform
crust, only slightly thickened by age, decumbent ; mouth su-
perior, semicircular, with a cylindrical ovarian tube on one side
below' the mouth ; ovicell globular, anterior.

7. Escharina, p. 123.

Cells calcareous, hard, placed side by side in a single series,
decumbent, uniform, only slightly thickened by age ; mouth
subterminal, superior, with a triangular ovarian tube on each
side ; ovicell globular, anterior.

8. Escharella, p. 125.

Cells hard, calcareous, placed side by side in a single series,
not altered by age, forming an undefined crust ; the younger
cells on the circumference decumbent, with a superior aperture ;
the older cells in the middle of the crust sunk, confused, vesi-
cular. A erustaceous Eschara.

9. Discopora, p. 126.

Cells calcareous, placed side by side, forming a crust only
slightly thickened by age ; cells ovate, ascending, with a large
round terminal mouth with a large tooth in front; ovarian
tubes none ; ovicell none ?

*

11. PORELLA, p. 127.

Coral erect, branched, vesicular, roundish, tips of branches com-
pressed, with regular cells placed in a quincunx ; cells of the
older part of the coral rounded.

12. Celleporina, p. 128.

Coral erustaceous, attached ; cells hard, calcareous, crowded,
forming a circumscribed crust ; the younger cells in the cir-
cumference decumbent, radiating, free at the end, the older
cells in the centre crowded, ascending or suberect, united to-

APPENDIX.

149

gether nearly to the mouth; younger cells with a roundish
suhterminal mouth with a tubular ovarian tube on each side ;
ovicells globular, small, anterior.

13. Celleporella, p. 128.

Coral crustaceous, attached ; cells hard, calcareous, crowded,
forming a circumscribed crust ; the younger cells on the cir-
cumference decumbent, radiating, free at the end, the outer
cells in the centre crowded, ascending, or suberect, united to-
gether nearly to the mouth ; younger cells with a simple round
terminal mouth without any ovarial tubes (or ovicells?).

Fam. 10. ScupariaDjE, p. 132.

Polype cell single or in pairs, each forming a joint of an articu-
lated conferva-like polypidom with the mouth of all the cells
on one of its sides.

4. Salpingia, Coppin, MSS.

“ Cells elongated, sessile, on a branched stem ; apertures la-
teral, broader above than below ; produced base of cells sur-
rounded by one or more spines and trumpet-shaped processes.”
Coppin, MSS.

1. Salpingia Ilassallii.

Salpingia Hassallii, Coppin, MSS.

Brighton, 20th June, 1848. On filamentous Algae. Pre-
sented by John Coppin, Esq.

Suborder II. TUBULIPORINA, p. 134.

The polypes covered with a transparent glassy external cylin-
drical tubular case of equal thickness, with the opening at the
end of the tube ; ovicells ? vesicular.

Fam. 11. Crisiad^;, p. 135.

Polype cell single or in pairs, forming a joint of an articulated
conferva-like polypidom with the mouths of all the cells on
one side.

Fam. 12. Tubuliporid.®, p. 137.

Polype cells on an expanded crust-like or branched, not jointed,
polypidom.

2. Phalangella, p. 139.

Coral expanded, crustaceous, lobed or fan-shaped, without any
visible margin, upper surface covered with tubular cells placed
in irregular cross rows.

3. Coronopora, p. 140.

Coral calcareous, spongy, cylindrical, proliferous (as if
branched), surface pitted, apex truncated, rather convex, with
the tubular cells placed in convex diverging ridges.

150

APPENDIX.

II. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.

Page 4. “ Echinus, n. s.” MacAndrew.

b, c. Zetland, in solution of bay-salt. Presented by R.
MacAndrew, Esq.

e,f, g. Zetland. Dry. Presented by R. MacAndrew, Esq.

7- Echinocardium ovatum.

c, d, e,f. Hebrides, Zetland. Presented by R. MacAndrew,
Esq.

/. Brissiopsis tyrifer.

c, d, e,f. Hebrides. Presented by R. MacAndrew, Esq.

8. Thyone Raphanus.

a, Zetland. Presented by R. MacAndrew, Esq.

7. Thyone, add Anaperus, Troschel, Erich. Arch. Nat. 1846, 60.
Thyone fusus, add Anaperus fusus, Troschel, Erich. Arch.
Nat. 1846, 62.

9. Psolus phantopus.

" Holothuria squamata,” MacAndrew.

a. Zetland. In solution of bay-salt. Presented by R. Mac-
Andrew, Esq.

14. Sipunculus granulosa, read granulosus.

30. Ephyra simplex, Penn., read Peron.

41. Gynosomata, read Gymnosomata.

51. Turbinolia Millesiana.

b, c, d. Cornwall. Presented by R. MacAndrew, Esq.

52. Caryophyllia Smithii, var.

e. var. Zetland. Presented by R. MacAndrew, Esq.

57. Iris hippuns and Iris extrochus, read Isis.

59. Pavonaria quadrangularis.

c, d,e,f. Inspirits. Oban. Presented by R. MacAndrew, Esq.
62. Cordylophora lacustris.

a. In spirits. From a cistern at Kensington. Presented by
George Busk, Esq.

70. After Sertularia pumila, add
2*. Sertularia gracilis.

Sertularia gracilis, Hassall, MSS. (Ann. Nat. Hist. July 1848,
cover).

a, b, c. On Algae. Brighton. Presented by A. II. Hassall,
Esq.

APPENDIX.

151

Page 75. Nigellastrum nigra, pinna, ta, andfusca, read N. nigrum,
N. pinnatum, and N. fuscwm.

82. Epistomia Bursaria, add Notamia Bursaria, Busk, Report
Microsc. Soc. 1848, 14. Mr. Busk describes the animal and
proves this genus to belong to Polyzoa. It ought to be ar-
ranged near Bicellaria, p. 112.

Add d, e, f. On Algae. Brighton : common. Presented by
John Coppin, Esq.

8 7- Capsularia Syringa.

b. Ramsgate, May 1842. Presented by John Coppin, Esq.

88. 7*. Capsularia serpens, n. s.

Campanularia serpens, Hassall, MSS.

a. Coast of Dublin, 1842. Presented by A. II. Hassall, Esq.

93. Pulmonellum : erase. This genus is a Tunicata. Add Apli-
dium Ficus, Saviyny, Mem. part ii. 183; Forbes and Hanley,
British Conch. 11.

Alpidium Ficus, Flem. Brit. Anim. 470.

133. dEtea Anguina, add Anguinaria spatulata. Busk, Rep. Mi-
crosc. Soc. 1848, 15. Mr. Busk describes the animal.

141. Idmonea atlantica.

c. Zetland. Presented by R. MacAndrew, Esq.

CONCORDANCE

OF THE NAMES USED IN THE FOLLOWING WORKS ON BRITISH RADIATA
AND IN THIS CATALOGUE, WITH A REFERENCE TO THE PAGE IN
EACH WORK.

I. FORBES’S HISTORY OF BRITISH STAR-FISHES.

I. CRINOIDEiE page 1

Comatula rosacea 5

II. OpHIURIDH! 19

Ophiura texturata 22

albida 27

Ophiocoma neglecta 30

Ballii 35

punctata 37

filiformis 40

bracbiata 45

granulata 50

bellis 53

Goodsiri 57

rosula 60

minuta 65

Astrophyton scutatum 67

III. Asteriadje 71

U raster glacialis 78

rubens 83

violacca 91

hispida 95

Cribella ocnlata 100

rosea 106

Solaster endeca 109

papposa 112

Palmipes membranaceus ... 116

Asterina gibbosa 119

Goniaster Templetoni 122

equestris 125

Asterias aurantiaca 130

Luidia fragilissima 135

Crinoidea page 27

Antedon decameros 28

Ophiuridje 23

Ophiolepis ciliata 23

albida 24

elegans 24

Ophiopholis Ballii 25

Ophiolepis punctata 24

filiiormis 24

Ophiopholis bracbiata 25

Ophiocoma nigra 26

Ophiopholis aculeata 25

Goodsiri 25

Ophiothrix fragilis 26

minuta 27

Astrophyton arborescens ... 27

Asteroida 16

Asterias glacialis 17

rubens 16

violaceus 17

hispida 17

Ilenricia oculatus 20

rosea 20

Solaster Endeca 19

papposa 19

Palmipes membranaceus ... 22

Asterina gibbosa 23

Porania pul villus 22

Hippasteria equestris 28

Astropecten irregularis 18

Luidia Savignii 11

G 5

154

CONCORDANCE.

IV. Echinid.e ...page 141

Cidaris papillata 146

Echinus sphaera 149

miliaris 161

Flemingii 164

lividus 167

neglectus 172

Ecliinocyamus pusillus 175

Echinarachnius placenta ... 178

Spatangus purpureus 182

Brissus lyrifer 187

Amphidotus cordatus 190

roseus 194

V. Hoi.OTHURIAD.3E ... 197

Psolus phantapus 203

Psolinus brevis 207

Cucumaria frondosa 209

pentactes 213

communis 217

fusiformis 219

hyalina 221

Hyndmanni 225

fucicola 227

Ochnus brunneus 227

lacteus 231

Thyone papillosa 233

Portlockii 238

Chirodota digitata 239

VI. SlPUNCULID-E 243

Syrinx nudus 245

papillosus 247

Harveii 249

Siphunculus Beruhardus ... 251

Jolinstoni 254

Priapulus caudatus 256

Thalassema Neptuni 259

Echiurus vulgaris 263

Echinida page 2

Cidaris papillata 2

Echinus esculentus 3

miliaris 3

Flemingii 3

lividus 4

Ecliinometra Drobachensis . 4

Ecliinocyamus pusillus 5

Echinarachnius placenta ... 5

Spatangus purpureus 6

Brissiopsis lyrifer 7

Echinocardium cordatum ... 6

ovatum 6

Holothurida 7

Psoitis phantopus 9

Psolinus brevis 9

Pentacta frondosa 9

pentactes 10

Thyronidium Drummondii. . . 1 1

fusiformis 10

pellucidum 11

Pentacta Hyndmanni 10

? Pentacta frondosa, jun. ... 9

? Pentacta frondosa, jun. ... 9

Pentacta lactea 10

Thyone fusus 7

Thyronidium Drummondii... 11

Synapta inhaerens 12

SlPUNCULID-S 13

Sipunculus nudus 13

papillosus 13

Harveii 13

Stromhi 13

Johnstoni 14

Priapulus caudatus 14

Thalassema rupium 15

Echiurus oxyurus 15

II. FORBES’S BRITISH ACALEPIRE.

Mr. Edward Forbes has given ine the following List of British
Acaleph.e, about to he published by the Ray Society ; “ all the spu-
rious and incomprehensible species being rejected.” — March 28, 1848.

I. Ciliograda.

Beroc cucumis, O. Fab Beroe cucumis page 37

pellucida, E. Forbes new species.

CONCORDANCE.

155

Mnemia Norvegica, Sars Bolina hibernica .

Smithii, Forbes Goodsir ... new sp.

Cvdippe pileus, Muller Cydippe pileus ....

pomiformis, Patterson pomiformis .

Flemingii, E. Forbes l infundibulum

lagena, E. Forbes new sp.

II. PcLMOGRADA STEGONOPTH ALM ATA.

Rhizostoma undulata
Cassiopea lunulata .

Pelagia cyanella

Chrysaora hysoscella

Cyanea capillata

Lamarckii

Medusa aurita

cruciata

Rhizostoma pulmo, Gmel. ..
Cassiopea lunulata, Penn. ..

Pelagia cyanella, Peron

Chrysaora hysoscella, Linn.

Cyanea capillata, Linn

Lamarckii, Peron

Aurelia aurita, Linn

cruciata, Bast

page 39

38

39

38

29

30

30

31
31
31

31

32

III. PuLMOGRADA G YMNOPTH ALM ATA.

M’illsia stellata, E. Forbes

Turns digitata, Fab

neglecta, Lesson

Saphenia dinema, Peron

Oceania octona, Flem

turrita, E. Forbes

episcopalis, E. Forbes

sphaerica, E. Forbes

Stomobrachium octocostatum, 1
E. Forbes J
Polvxenia cvanostylis, Eschsch....
Geryonia appendiculata, E. Forbes

Tima Bairdii, /oAnsY

Circe rubescens, E. Forbes

Thaumantias cvmbaloidea, Mood.

quadrata, E. Forbes

aeronautica, E. Forbes

maculata, E. Forbes

pilosella, E. Forbes

hemisphauica, E. Forbes . . .

inconspicua, E. Forbes

octona, E. Forbes

glohosa, E. Forbes

melanops, E. Forbes

punctata, E. Forbes

iucida, E. Forbes

pileata, E. Forbes

lineata, E. Forbes

sarnica, E. Forbes

gibbosa, E. Forbes

convexa, E. Forbes

Thompson!, E. Forbes

Willsia stellata

Tunis digitata

coccinea

Saphenia dinema

Oceania octona

undescribed sp.
new sp.
new sp.

new sp.

newly recorded Brit. sp.

Geryonia appendiculata 35

Tima Bairdii 36

Circe rosea 34

Thaumantias cvmbaloidea ... 35
undescribed sp.
new sp.
new sp.
new sp.

Thaumantias hemisphaerica ... 34

new sp.
new sp.
new sp.
new sp.

Thaumantias punctata 35

new sp.

Thaumantias pileata 35

new sp.

Thaumantias sarnica 35

new sp.
new sp.

Thaumantias Thompson! 35

156

CONCORDANCE.

Slabberia balterata, E. Forbes. .

Slabberia balterata

page

35

Sarsia tubulosa, Sars

ornata, E. Forbes

gemmifera, E. Forbes

prolifera, E. Forbes

Sarsia

new sp.
new sp.
new sp.

36

Bougainvillia britannica, E. Forbes
nigritella, E. Forbes

Bugainvillia britannica...
new sp.

36

Lizzia octopunctata, Sars

blondina, E. Forbes

Lizzia octopunctata

new sp.

36

Moodeeria formosa, E. Forbes
Euphysa aurata, E. Forbes

Moodeeria, sp

new sp.

36

Steenstrupia rubra, E. Forbes
flaveola, E. Forbes

Steenstrupia, sp

new sp.

37

IV. Diphyid.e.

Diphya elongata, Hyndm

Diphyes campanulifera ?

39

V. PHYSOPHORIDyE.

Physalia pelagica, Eschsch. . .
Apolemia ? gettiana, Hyndm...

Aretliusa, sp

new sp.

40

VI. Velellid.e.

Velella mutica, Lo.mk

emarginata, 'J'hornps

Phyllodoce vulgaris

new sp.

40

Rataria pocillum

Aglaura pocillum

40

III. JOHNSTON’S HISTORY OF THE BRITISH ZOO-
PHYTES, Ed. 2, 1847.

I. Tubularina.

Tcbularina

■page

59

Fam. 1. Corynid.-e.

Fam. Corynid.e.

59

1. Clava. 1. multicornis ...p.

30

Clava multicornis

60

2. Hydractinia. 1. ecbiuata

34

Hvdractinia echinata ....

61

Alderi

463

Alderi

61

Hydra corynaria

36

minuticornis

61

3. Coryne. 1. pusilla

39

Coryne pusilla

61

4. Cordylophora. 1. lacustris

44

Cordylophora lacustris .

62

FatU. 2. TuBUEARIADiE.

Fam. Tubulariad.® .

63

5. Eudeudrium. I. rameum

45

Halecium rameum

67

2. ramosum

46

Eudeudrium ramosum .

63

6. Tubularia. 1. indivisa ...

48

Tubularia indivisa

64

2. Duinortierii

50

Dumortierii

64

3. Larynx

50

Larynx

64

4. gracilis

52

gracilis

65

7. Corymorpha. 1. nutans...

54

Corymorpha nutans ....

65

CONCORDANCE.

157

II. Sertularina.

Fam. Sertulariad.e.

8. Halecium. 1. Halecinum p. 58

2. Beanii 59

3. muricatum 60

9. Sertularia. 1 . polyzonias 6 1

2. rugosa 63

3. rosacea 64

4. pmnila 66

5. Evansii 67

6. nigra 68

7. pinnata 69

8. fusca 70

9. Pinaster 71

10. Margareta 72

11. fallax 73

12. Tamarisca 74

13. abietina 75

14. filicula 76

15. operculata 77

16. argentea 79

1 7. cupressina 80

10. Thuiaria. 1. Thuia 83

2. articulata 84

1 1. Antennularia. 1. antennina 86

2. ramosa 88

12. Plumularia. 1. falcata... 90

2. cristata 92

3. pennatula 94

4. pinnata 95

5. setacea 97

echinulata 464

6. Catharina 97

7. royriophyllura 99

8. frutescens 100

Fam. Campanclariad.*.

13. Laomedea. 1. dichotoma 102

2. geniculata 103

3. gelatiuosa 104

var

4. obliqua 106

14. Campanularia. l.volubilis 107

2. integra 109

3. intertexta 109

4. syringa 110

5. lacerata Ill

6. verticillata 112

7. dumosa 113

Sertularina page 66

Fam. Sertulariad^ ... 66

Halecium Halecinum 66

Beanii 67

muricatum 67

Sertularella polyzonias 68

rugosa 69

Sertularia rosacea 69

pumila 70

Evansii 71

Nigellastrum nigra 75

pinnata 75

fusca 75

Sertularia Pinaster 71

Margareta 71

fallax 71

Tamarisca 72

abietina 72

filicula 72

operculata 73

argentea 73

cupressina 74

Thuiaria thuja 76

articulata 76

Nemertesia antennina 77

ramosa 77

Aglaophenia falcata 78

pluma 79

Pennatula 79

pinnata 80

setacea 80

echinulata 81

Catharina 81

myriophyllum 81

frutescens 82

Fam. Campanui.ariad.e. 83

Laomedea dichotoma 83

geniculata 84

gelatinosa 85

Flemiugii 85

obliqua 85

Capsularia volubilis 86

integra 86

Conchella intertexta 38

Capsularia Syringa 86

lacerata 87

verticillata 87

dumosa 88

158

CONCORDANCE.

Cymodocea. 1. simplex p. 116

2. comata 117

III. IIydrina.

Fam. Hydraid^e.

15. Hydra. 1. viridis 121

2. vulgaris 122

3. attenuata 123

4. oligactis 124

Anthozoa Asteroida.

Fam. Pennatulidjs.

16. Pennatula. 1. pliosphorea 157

17. Virgularia. 1. mirabilis 161

18. Pavonaria. 1. quadran-

gularis... 164

Fam. Gorgoniad/E.

19. Gorgonia. 1. verrucosa 166

2. pinnata 168

3. placomus 168

4. anceps 169

20. Primnoa. 1. lepadifera 171

Fam. Alcyonid.e.

21. Alcyonium. 1. digitatum 174

2. glomeratum 178

22. Sarcodictyon. 1. catenata 179
Anthozoa Helianthoida.

I. Milleporina.

23. Pocillopora. 1. interstinctal94

II. OCELLINA.

24. Turbinolia. 1. borealis 195

2. milletiana 196

25. Caryophyllia. 1. Smithii 198
2. Oculina prolifera 195, 251

III. Zoanthina.

26. Zoanthus. 1. Coucliii... 202

IV. Actinina.

Fam. Actiniad.®.

27. Capuea. 1. sanguinea . 203

28. Corynactis. 1. viridis... 205

2. Allmani 474

29. Adamsia. 1. palliata ... 207

30. Actinia. 1. mesembry an-

them urn... 210
2. margaritifera 213

Cymodoce simplex page 88

comata 89

Hydrina 89

Fam. Hydraidas 89

Hydra viridis 89

vulgaris 90

attenuata 90

Oligactis 90

Fam. Pennatulid.® ... 57

Pennatula pbosphorea 58

Virgularia mirabilis 58

Pavonaria quadrangularis ... 59

Fam. 2. Gorgoniad.®... 55

Gorgonia verrucosa 55

pinnata 56

Muricea Placomus 56

Pterogorgia anceps 56

Primnoa lepadifera 57

Fam. Alcyonida: ... 53

Alcyonium digitatum 54

glomeratum 54

Sarcodictyon catenata 55

Zoantharia 41

Pocillopora ? interstincta ... 51

Caryophyllia borealis 52

Turbinolia Millesiana 51

Caryophyllia Smithii 52

Oculina prolifera 51

Fam. ZoANTHiDAi 50

Zoanthus Coucbii 50

Fam. Actiniadje 41

Capnea sanguinea v 41

Corynactis viridis 42

Allmani 42

Adamsia palliata 48

Actinia meseinbryanthcmuin 42

margaritifera 43

CONCORDANCE.

159

Actinia. 3. chiococca...p. 214

4. chrvsosplenium 214

5. coccinea 215

6. viduata 215

7. troglodytes 216

8. alba 217

9. anguicoma 218

10. intestinalis 219

11. cbrysanthellum 220

12. biserialis 221

13. vermicularis 222

14. gemmacea 223

15. monile 224

16. coriacea 224

17. crassicornis 226

18. parasitica 228

19. bellis 228

20. dianthus 232

31. Anthca. 1. cereus 240

2. Tuedim 242

32. Uuanthos. 1. scoticus... 243

Fam. Lccernariadaj.

33. Luceniaria. 1. fascicularis 244

2. auricula 246

3. campanulata 248

4. cyatliiformis 475

Polyzoa Infundibulata. 256
I. Tcbuliporina.... 265
Fam. Tubuliporid.e.

1. Tubulipora. 1. patina ... 266

2. hispida 268

3. penicillata 270

4. truncata 271

5. lobulata 272

6. plialangea 273

7. llabellaris 274

8. serpens 275

9. hyaliua 276

2. Diastopora. 1. obelia ... 277

3. Idmonea. 1. atlautica ... 278

4. Pustulipora. 1. proboscidea 278

2. deflexa 279

5. Alecto. 1. grauulata 280

2. major 281

Fam. Crisiad.-e.

C. Crisia. l.eburnea 283

2. denticulata 281

Actinia cbiococca page 43

chrysosplenium 43

coccinea 43

viduata 43

Troglodytes 43

alba 44

anguicoma 44

intestinalis 44

chrysantliellum 44

biserialis 44

vermicularis 44

Cribrina gemmacea 45

monile 46

coriacea 46

crassicornis 46

parasitica 46

bellis 47

Dianthus 47

Cereus sulcata 44

edulis 43

Iluantkos scoticus 49

Fam. 2. Lucernariad^e... 49

Lucernaria fascicularis 49

auricula 49

campanulata 49

cyathiformis 49

POLYZOA 91

Tubueiporina 134

Tubulipora verrucaria 137

hispida ] 38

penicillata 139

Coronopora truncata 140

Obelia lobulata 142

Phalangella Phalangea 139

flabellaris 139

Obelia serpens 14 1

Tubulipora hyalina 139

Berenicea hyalina 142

Idmonea atlantica 141

Pustulipora proboscidea 143

Obelia deflexa 141

Alecto grauulata I42

major 142

Crisia eburnea 133

denticulata 136

160

CONCORDANCE.

Crisia. 3. aculeata...page 285

4. geniculata 286

7. Crisidia. 1. cornuta 287

2. setacea 288

II. Celleporina.

Fam. Eucratiad.e.

8. Eucratea. 1. chelata ... 288

9. Anguinaria. I . spatulata 290

10. Hippothoa. 1. catenularia 291

2. divaricata 291

3. sica 292

4. cassiterides 476

11. Gemellaria. 1. loriculata 293

Sertularia Bursaria 294

Fam. Celi.eporida.

12. Cellepora. 1. pumicosa 295

2. ramulosa 296

3. Skenei 297

4. cervicornis 298

5. loevis 299

6. vitrina.... 300

13. Lepralia. 1. hyalina ... 301

2. tenuis 303

3. assimilis 304

4. Hassallii 304

5. simplex 305

6. ventricosa 305

7. Hyndmauni 306

8. ansata 307

9. ovalis 307

10. linearis 308

11. 4-dentata 309

12. granifera 309

13. Landsborovii 310

14. auriculata 310

15. pertusa 311

16. punctata 312

17. annulata 312

18. figuralis 314

19. biforis 314

20. Peacliii 315

21. pedilostoma 315

var

22. verrucosa 316

23. reticulata 317

24. variolosa 317

25. fenestralis 318

26. nitida 319

Crisia aculeata page 136

geniculata 136

Falcaria cornuta 137

setacea 137

Scuparia chelata 132

jEteaAnguina 133

Hippothoa catenularia 116

divaricata 116

sica 116

cassiterides 116

Gemellaria loriculata 134

Epistomia Bursaria 82

Cellepora pumicosa 129

ramulosa 129

Skenei 130

Porella cervicornis 127

Cellepora lmvis 130

vitrina 130

Celleporella hyalina 128

Lepralia Jacotini 117

assimilis 117

Celleporina Hassallii 128

Lepralia simplex 118

ventricosa '. 118

Herentia Hyndmanni 122

Escharina ansata 124

Lepralia ovalis 118

Herentia linearis 123

Lepralia 4-dentata 118

granifera 118

Landsborovii 119

auriculata 119

pertusa 119

Cribrilina punctata 117

Lepralia annulata 122

figularis 119

Herentia biforis 123

Lepralia Peachii 119

pedilostoma 120

Conopeum reticulum 108

Discopora verrucosa 126

Lepralia reticulata 119

Escharina variolosa 125

Lepralia fenestralis 120

nitida 120

CONCORDANCE.

161

Lepralia. 27. innorainata...p. 319

28. semilunaris 320

29. unicornis 320

30. Ballii 321

31. coccinea 322

32. ciliata 323

P

33. spinifera 324

34. trispinosa 324

35. immersa 325

36. violacea 325

37. bispinosa 326

14. Membranipora. l.pilosa327

P

2. membranacea 328

Fam. Escharida;.

15. CeUularia. 1. ciliata ... 335

2. ternata 335

3. scruposa '336

4. reptans 337

5. Hookeri 338

6. avicularia 338

7. ncritina 340

8. plumosa 341

16. Flustra. 1. foliacea 342

2. chartacea 343

3. truncata 344

4. carbasea 345

5. setacea 346

6. avicularis 346

7. Murrayana 347

8. membranacea 348

9. coriacea 348

? 10. lineata 349

17. Eschara. 1. foliacea ... 350

2. fascialis 352

3. cribraria 352

18. Retepora. 1. reticulata 353

2. Beaniana 353

19. Salicornaria. 1. farcimi-

noides 355
2. sinuosa 356

III. Halcyoneiaea.

20. Alcyonidium. 1. gelati-

nosum 358

2. hirsutum 360

3. parasiticum 362

? hispidum 363

Lepralia innominata ... page 121

semilunaris 121

Escharina uniformis 124

Ballii 124

coccinea 124

Lepralia ciliata 121

Herentia insignis 123

Lepralia spinifera 122

trispinosa 122

EschareUa immersa 125

violacea 125

Discopora bispinosa 126

Annulipora pilosa 107

dentata 107

Amphiblestrum membrana-

ceum 110

Bicellana ciliata 112

Tricellaria ternata 113

Scupocellaria scruposa Ill

reptans 112

Canda arachnoidea 113

Bugularia avicularia 114

Bugula Neritina 114

Crisularia plumosa Ill

Flustra foliacea 103

Chartella papyracea 104

securiforrais 105

Carbasea papvrea 105

Flabellaria setacea 106

Avicularia flabellata 106

Flabellaria spiralis 106

Flustra membranacea 104

Micropora ccriacea 115

Callopora lineata 109

Eschara foliacea 126

fascialis 127

cribraria 127

Retepora reticulata 130

Beaniana 130

Salicornaria farciminoides ... 131

sinuosa 132

Fam. Alcyonidiaile ... 91

Alcyonidium gelatinosum ... 91

hirsutum 92

parasiticum 92

Flustrella hispida 108

162

CONCORDANCE.

21. Cycloum. 1. papillosum p. 364

22. Sarcochitum. l.polyoum 365

IV. Vestcularina.

Fam. Vesiculariad.®.

23. Serialaria. 1. lendigera 368

24. Vesicularia. 1. spinosa 370

25. Beania. l.mirabilis ... 372

26. Valkeria. 1. cuscuta ... 374

2. uva 375

3. pustulosa 376

27. Bo werbankia. 1 . imbricata 377

28. Farrella. 1. repens 380

Fam. Pedicellina.

29. Pedicellina. 1. echinata 382

Cycloum papillosum ...page 93
Sarcochitum polyoum 93

Fam. Vesicclariadae... 94

Amathia lendigera 95

Vesicularia spinosa 95

Beania mirabilis 96

Valkeria Cuscuta 96

Uva 97

pustulosa 98

Bowerbankia imbricata 98

Farrella repens 99

Fam. Pedicellinidas ... 93

Pedicellina echinata 94

POLYZOA HYPPOCREPIA.

Fam. Crist atf.llidjE.

30. Cristatella. 1. mucedo... 387

Faro. Plumatellid.e.

31. Alcyonella. 1. stagnorum 391

32. Plumatella. 1. repens... 402

2. emarginata 404

3. fruticosa 404

33. Fredericella. 1. sultana... 405

2. diiatata 405

Fam. Paludicellaid.e.

34. Paludicella. 1. articulata 405

Fam. Crist atellida... 99
Cristatella Mucedo 99

Alcyonella campanulata 100

Plumatella repens 101

emarginata 101

fruticosa 102

Naisa sultana 102

diiatata 102

Fam. Paludicellaidje... 102
Paludicella articulata 102

INDEX

Abbensis (Gon.), 21
Abies marina, 72
abietina(Sert-), 70, 72
abietinula (Sert.), 72
Acalepha, 29
Acamarchis, 114
Acepliala, 1
Acliilleum, 53
Actinia, 41
Actiniad®, 41
Actinina, 42
Actinocereus, 44
Actinozoa, 1
Actinozoaires, 1
aculeata (Ast.), 25, 20

(Crisia), 130

Adamsia, 48
Adelostella, 2
/Equorea, 34

(Med.), 34

aiironautica (Thau.),
155

iEtea, 133
affiuis (Tubul.), 00
Aglaophenia, 78
Aglaura, 40
alba (Act.), 44
albida (Oph.), 24
aleicornis (Mill.), 127
Alcyonaria, 53
Alcyonella, 100
Alcyoniad®, 91
Alcyonid®, 53
Alcyonidiad®, 91, 144
Alcyonidium, 91
Alcyonidul®, 91
Alcyoniens, 53
Alcyonina, 53
Alcyonium, 53, 91
Alderi (Hydr.), 01
Aldrovandi ( Rhiz.), 29
Alecto, 28, 142
allantophora(.Eq-), 34
Allmani (Corvn.), 42
Amathia, 94

Ammoth®a (Oph.), 25
Amphiblestrum, 110,
140

Amphidetus, 6
Amphidotus, 0
Anachitis, 5
anceps (Gorg.), 50
Anemone (Act.), 48
Anemonia, 44
anemonoides(Act.),48
Anemony, 47
anguieoma (Act.), 44
Anguina (Sert.), 133,
151

Anguinaria, 133, 151
angulosa (Ast.), 17

(Fib.), 5

angustiloha (Flustra),
100

Animaux apathiques,l

rayon nes, 1

annulata (Cell.), 122
Annulipora, 107, 140
Anomala, 37
ansata (Lepr.), 124
Anseropoda, 21
Antedon, 28
antennina (Penn.), 59

(Sert.), 77

Antennularia, 70
Anthea, 44
Anthophyllum, 53
Anthozoa, 41
Aplidium, 151
Apolemia, 150
appendiculata (Ger.),
35

appensa (Lepr.), 124
aquatica (Thai.), 15
Arachnodermata, 29
arachnoidea (Canda),
113

arborescens (Ant.), 78

(Ast.), 27

arcta (Sert.), 88

arctica (Cyan.), 31
arcuarius (Spat.), 0
arenacea (Lepr.), 117
arenosa (Flustra), 110
arenosa (Oph.), 24
Arethusa, 39
argentea (Sert.), 73
articulata (Pal.), 102

(Sert.), 70

Ascidiastella, 7
Ascidioida, 91
aspera (Ast.), 19
aspilonota (Chrys.),31
assimilis (Lepr.), 117
Asteracanthion, 10, 20
Asterencrinea, 27
Asteriad®, 15, 1G
Asteri®, 10
Asterias, 10
Asterida, 15
Asteriua, 22
Asterinid®, 21
Asteriscus, 21
Asterocoma, 28
Asterogonium, 21
Asteroida, 10
Asterophidea, 23
Asteropis, 22
Astre®, 52
Astropecten, 18
Astropectinid®, 18
Astrophyton, 27
atlantica (Idm.), 141,
151

attenuata (Hydra), 90
Auliporina, 134
aurantiaca (Ast.), 18
aurantiacus (Ecli.), 3
aurata (Eup.), 150
Aurelia, 31, 155
auricula (Lucern.), 49
auriculata(Lepr.), 119
aurita (Med.), 31
Aurora (Oph.), 24
(Vel.), 40

164

INDEX.

Avicularia, 105

(Cell.), Ill, 146

avicularis (Flust.), 106
avorio (Sert. d’), 135
Bairdii (Tima), 36
balanophorus(Sip.),13
Ballii (Lepr.), 124

(Oph.), 25

Baltica (Cyan.), 31
bandelettes (L’Esch.
a), 127

barbata (Com.), 28
Beania, 96
Beaniana (Ret.), 131
Beanii (Halec.;, 67
Bell Coralline, 86
Bell-flower animal,
100

bellis (Act.), 46, 47

(Oph.), 25

(Tubulip.), 138

Berenicea, 117, 142
Bernhardus (S.), 13
Beroe, 37, 154

(Volv.), 38

Beroid®, 37
Beroides, 37
bicaudatus (Volv.), 38
Bicellaria, 111, 112
bifida (Ast.), 28
biforis (Lepr.), 123
bimaculata (Act.), 46
bimucronata (Cell.),
128

(Esch ), 122

Bird’s-head Coralline,
114

biserialis (Act.), 44
Biseriaria, 75
bispinosa (Lepr.), 126
blondiua (Lizzia), 156
Bolina, 39
borealis (Ber.), 37

(Car.), 52

(Cid.), 2

(Cyan.), 31

Borlasea (Cass.), 30
Bory (Diph.), 39
Bottle-brush Cor., 76
Bowerbankia, 98
brachiata (Ast.), 25

bracteata (Oph.), 24
brevis (Hoi.), 9
Brissiopsis, 7
Brissus, 7

Britannica (Bug.), 36

(Cyan.), 31

Britannica (Penn.), 58
brunnea (Hydra), 90
brunneus (Hoi.), 10
bryoides(Eudend.), 65
Bryozoa, 91
Bryozuarides, 91
Bugainvillia, 36
Bugle Coralline, 131
Bugula, 112, 114
Bugulkke, 110, 146
Bugulina, 114
bullata (Flustra), 129
Bull’s-horn Cor., 132
Bursaria (Sert.), 82,
151

Caberea, 147
Calamaris (Tub.), 64,
65

Calamella, 63
Catamites, 57
Calcarea, 147
Callianiridac, 38
Callopora, 109, 146
calyciflora (Hydra), 4 7
Campanella, 33

(Med.), 35

campanula (Med.), 32
Campanularia, 66, 96
Campanulariad®, 83,
144

campanulata (Lucer.),
50

(Tubul.), 100

campanulatum (Mel.),
34

campanulifera(Diph.),

39

cancellata(Conf.), 95
Canda, 113
capillata (Med.), 31
capitata (Flustr.), 106
Capnea, 41
Capsularia, 61, 85
Caput-Medusa; (Ast.),
27

Carbasea, 105, 146

(Flustra), 105

carciniopados (Act.),
48

Cardua, 94
Carnosa, 91, 144

(Flustra), 108

cartilaginea (Ast.), 22
Caryophvllia, 52
Carvophylliaea, 52
Caryophyllus, 137

- (Act.), 48

Cassiopea, 30, 155
cassiterides (Hipp.),
116

catenata (Lepr.), 117

(Sarcor.), 55

Catenicella, 115
catenularia(Tub.),116
catenulata (Tub.), 116
Catliarina (Plum.), 81
caudatus (Priap.), 14
Cellaria, 75, 135
Cellepora, 129
Celleporella, 128, 149
Celleporid®, 115,147
Celleporina, 128, 147,
148

Cellularia, 135
cellulosa (Mill.), 131
centrifuga (Crist.), 99
Centronis, 1, 2
Ceplie®, 29
Ceratocorallia, 55
Ceratopliyta, 55
Cereus, 44

(Actin.), 44

Ceriopora, 140
cervicornis (Mill.), 127
cetvinus (Porus), 105,
127

chalumeau (Tub.), 64
Chamissonis (Cor.), 62
Chartella, 104, 145
chclata (Sert.), 132
Cbiococca (Act.), 43
Chirodota, 12
Chondrograd®, 40
Chondropliora, 50
chrysanthellum(Act.),
44

INDEX.

165

Chrysaora, 30, 155
chry sosplenium ( Act.) ,
43

Cidaridae, 2
Cidaris, 2
— — - (Echin.), 2
Cidarites, 2
ciliaris (Ast.), 18
ciliata (Ast.), 23

(Cell.), 121

(Lepr.), 122

(Oph.), 24

(Sert.), 112

Ciliobrachiata, 91
Ciliobranches, 37
Ciliograda, 37
cinerea (Urt.), 44
Circe, 34
Cirrhigrades, 40
Cirrhi-Vermigrada, 7
Cirrbodermes, 1
Cirri grada, 16
Cirri-Spinigrada, 2
clathrata (Ast.), 16

(Frond.), 130

Clava, 60
clavatus (S.), 13
clavigcrum (Echino.),
61

Clypeastres, 4
Clytea, 85

Coat-of-mail Cor., 134
coccinea (Act.), 43

(Cell.), 124

(Cyan.), 33

(Lepr.), 124

comata (Cym.), 89
Comatula, 28
Comatule, 28
commune (Thyron.),
11

communis (Hoi.), 10

(Cucum.), 11

compressa (Mill.), 127
Conchella, 88, 144
conoidea (Lob.), 54
Conopeum, 108, 146
convexa (Thau.), 155
Convolvulus(Lucern.),
50

Copingia, 144

Corallia, 55
Coralliad®, 55
corallifera (Hydra), 10
Corallina, 55

(Act.), 42

Coralliphora, 50
coralloides(Mus.), 134
cordatus (Ech.), 6
cordifera (Ast.), 24
Cordylophora, 62
coriacea (Act.), 46

(Flustra), 115

coriaceus (Sol.), 17
Corina, 60
Cornea, 94, 145
cornuta (Lafea), 88

(Sert.), 137

coronata (Hydra), 94
Coronopora, 140, 149
Corymorpha, 65
Corynactis, 42
Corynaidie, 59
corynaria (Hydra), 61
Coryne, 59, 61

- (Tub.), 61

Corynidae, 59
Cotton-spinner, 8
Couchii (Zoanth.), 50
crassicornis (Act.), 43,
46

cribaria (Esch.), 127
Cribella, 20
Cribrilina, 116, 147
Crihrina, 45
Crinoidea, 27
Crinomorpha, 94
Crisia, 106, 111, 135
Crisiadae, 132,135,149
Crisidia, 136
crista (Aglaura), 40
cristata (Flu.), 79, 101
Cristatella, 99
Cristatellidae, 99, 145
Crisularia, 111, 147
Crossaster, 19
cruciata (Med.), 31
Cryptocarpae, 32
crystallina (Tub.), 100
Ctenophora, 37
Cucumaria, 9, 11
cucumis (Ber.), 37

cupressina (Sert.), 74
cupressoides(Sert.),75
Cuscuta (Sert.), 96
Cuscutaria, 96
Cuvieri (Ast.), 27

(Rhiz.), 29

Cuvieria, 8
Cuvieriadae, 8
Cyanea, 30, 31, 155
cyanella (Dian.), 30
cyanostylis (Poly.),
155

cyathiformis (Lucer.),
50

Cyathina, 52
cyathus (Car.), 52
cyclonota (Chrys.), 31
Cycloum, 93
Cyclozoa, 1

ecliinoderma, 1

Cydippe, 38, 155
Cydonium, 53

(Alcyon.), 54

cylindrica (Act.), 44

(Lepr.), 128

cymbaloidea (Med.),

' 35

Cymodoce, 88
Cypress (Sea), 74
Cvstisoma, 39
Cytalis, 36
Dactylota, 9, 11, 12
Dagysa, 39
Dead-man’s-hand, 54
Dead-inan’s-toes, 54
Dealensis (Fucus), 64
Decamcros, 28

(Ast.), 28

deflexa (Tub.), 141
Dendropliyllia, 52
densa (Bowerb.), 98
Dentalii (Sip.), 13
dentata (Flustra), 107
dentelee (Crisie), 136
denticulata(Ccll.), 136

(Dian.), 30

(Sert.), 68

diadema (Ocean.), 33
Dianaea, 30
Diantlius (Act.), 47
diapbana (Ulva), 92

166

INDEX.

diaphanus (Halo.), 92
Diastopora, 142
dichotoma (Alec.), 142

(Sert.), 83, 85

dicquetnarii (Hoi.), 10
digitale (Med.), 33
digitata (Act.), 46

(Hoi ), 12

digitatum(Alc.), 53,54
dilatans (Alecto), 142
dilatata (Fred.), 102
dinema (Saph.), 33
Diphyes,39
Diphydiae, 39
Diphyides, 39
disciflora (Hydra), 42,
45

Discophorae, 29
Discopora, 107, 126,
148

Disporella, 138
dissimilis (Hoi.), 11
distans (Flustra), 108
Ditremata, 1
divaricata (Hip.), 116
Dodder-like Cor., 96
dodedactis (Stella), 19
Drobachensis ( Ech.) ,4
Drummondi (Hoi.), 11
Dumortierii (Tub.), 64
dumosa (Sert.), 88
Dutertrei (Flust.), 123
Duvernaea (Syn.), 12
Dynamena, 69, 73
Dysmorphosa, 60
cburnea (Sert.), 135,
136

Echinaraclinius, 4, 5
Echinaster, 20
echinata (Hydr.), 61

(Oph.), 26

(Ped.), 94

(Stella), 26

echinatum (Alcy.), 61
echinatus (Sol.), 17
Echini, 2
Echinida, 2
Echinidae, 2
Ecbinides, 1, 2
Echinocardium, 6
Echinochoriura, 60

Echinocyamus, 5
Echinodermata, 6
Echinoderraes, 1
Echinodiscus, 4
Echinoida, 2
Ecliinometra, 4
Echinoneus, 5
echinophora(Ast.), 17
Echinospatangus, 5
echinulata ( Plum.), 81
Echinus, 1, 2, 3

a, 3

P, 4

Echiurus, 15

(Lumbr.), 15

edulis (Anem.), 45
effoeta (Act.), 46, 48
Eirene, 32
elegans (Oph.), 24
Elliotae (Hipp.), 116
Ellisia, 65

Ellisii (Flustra), 106

(Halec.), 66

(Sert.), 68

elongata (Sert.), 75

(Dipli.), 156

emarginata(Plu.), 101
Endeca, 19

(Ast.), 19

Entacina;a, 43
Epliydatia, 100
Ephyra, 29
Epipetrum, 91
episcopalis, ocean, 155
Epistomia, 82
equestris (Ast.), 21, 22
equina (Act.), 42, 46
equinus (Priap.), 42
ericoides (Sert.), 68
Eschara, 126
Escharella, 125, 148
Escharidae, 103
Escharina, 117, 123,
148

Escharo'ide, 117
Eschscholtzia, 38
esculentus (Ech.), 3, 4
Eucharis, 38
Eucratea, 132, 136
Eucratiadae, 132
Eudendriutn, 63

Eulimena, 37
Eunicea, 55
europaea (Alecto), 28

(Hipp.), 21

(Lor.), 134

europaeus (Pent.), 28
Euphysa, 156
Euryale, 27
Evansii (Sert.), 71
exigua (Ast.), 23
exos (Alcyon.), 54
extrochus (Isis), 57
Falcaria, 133, 135, 136
falcata (Cell.), 137

(Sert.), 78

fallax (Flustra), 108

(Sert.), 71

Farcimia, 131
farciminoides (Sal.),
131

Farrella, 99
fascialis (Esch.), 126
fascicularis (Lucer.),
49

fascis (Plum.), 81
fastigiata (Sert.), Ill
Fedel, 100, 101
felina (Act.), 46
fenestralis (Lepr.), 1 20
Fern Coralline, 72
Fibularia, 5
Ficus (Alcyon.), 93
figularis (Lepr.), 119
filicula (Sert.), 72
filifera (Cell.), 113
filiformis (Ast.), 24

(Oph.), 25

fimbria (Tub.), 140
fimbriata (Com.), 28
Fir (Sea), 72
fissa (Ast.), 27
Fistulana, 60
Fistularia, 8, 12, 63
Fistulida, 7
Fistulidae, 7
Fistulides, 7
fistulosa (Esch.), 131

(Tub.), 132

Flabellaria, 106, 146
flabellaris (Tub.), 139
flabellata (Avic.), 106

INDEX.

167

flabelliforme (.Ker.), 55
flabelliformis(Tub.),65
flava (Ber.), 125
flaveola (Steen.), 156
flavescens (Ale.), 92

fSpat.), 6

Flemingii (Camp.), 85

(Ech.), 3

(Oph.), 25

flexuosa (Sert.), 68
flos-maris (Ellisia), 65
Flustra, 103, 145
Flustradae, 103, 145
Flustrella, 108, 146
flustroides (Cris.), 106
fluviatile (Ale.), 100
foliacea (Flustra), 103
foliacea (Mill.), 126
foraminosa(Mi)l.), 131
foraminulata (Tub.),
141

Forbesia, 94
Forbesii (Syr.), 14
formosa (Mood.), 156
fosforea (Pennat.), 58
Foveolia, 34
fragilis (Ast.), 26
fragilissiraa(Luid.),18
Fredericella, 102
FreshwaterPolypus,89
Frondipora, 130
frondosa (Hoi.), 9
frutescens (Sert.), 82
fruticans (Penn.), 82
fruticosa (Plum.), 101
fueicola (Hoi.), 60
Fucus, 91
fnlgens (Ber.), 37
Fungia (Tub.), 139
Fungina, 50
Funiculina, 58
fusca (Hydra), 90
Med.), 31
Sert.), 75
fuscescens (Sert.), 75
fusiformis (Hoi.), 10
fusus (Hoi.), 12, 150
fusus (Mulleria), 8
Gaertneri (Hoi.), 10
Gayi (Sert.), 68
gelatinosa(Plum.),102

gelatinosa (Sert.), 85
gelatinosura (Ale.), 91,
92

Gemellaria, 133
Geraicellaria, 82, 133
gemmacea (Act.), 45
gemmifera (Sars.), 156
geniculata (Crisia),
136

Laom.),89
Sert.), 84
Gervonia, 33, 35
gettiana (Apol.), 156
gibbosa (Ast.), 22, 23

(Than.), 155

Gibbsii (Eph.), 100
gigantea (Tub.), 64
glacialis (Ast.), 16, 17
glandulosa (Act.), 45

(Cor.), 62

globiformis (Ech.), 3
globosa (Thau.), 155
glomerata (Valk.), 98
I glomeratum (Ale.), 54
Goat’s-horn Cor., 137
Goldfussii (Amph.), 6
Goniaster, 21
Goodsiri (Oph.), 25
Gorgonia, 55

(Sert.), 82

Gorgoniadae, 55
Gorgonina, 55
Gorgonocephalus, 27
gracilis (Alecto), 142

(Tub.), 65

(Sert.), 150

grandiflora (Lob.), 54
grandis (Hoi.), 9
granifera (Lepr.), 118
granulata (Alect.),142

(Oph.), 26

granulosa (Syr ), 14
Grape Coralline, 97
grisea (Hydra), 90
Gymnosomata, 41
Gynameda, 28
Halcyonellea, 91
Halcvonina, 53
Halecina, 66

(Sert.), 66

Halecium, 66, 83

Halodactylus, 91
Halophila, 147
halterata (Slabb.), 35
Harveii (Syr.), 13
Hassalli (Coryne), 61
Hassallii (Lepr.), 128

(Salpingia), 149

bastata (Ast.), 27
helianthoides (Ast.),
20

Ilemicnemis, 18
hemisphaerica (Act.),
42

(Med.), 34

Henricia, 20
Henslowana(Jem.),12
Herentia, 122, 148
Hermia, 61
Herring-bone, 66
heteroclita (Leu.), 101
hibernica (Bol.), 39

(Flust.), 108, 120

(Sert.), 68

(Stella), 17

(Stellula), 23

hibernicus (Priap.), 14
Hippasteria, 21
Hippocrene, 36
hippocrepia, 99
Hippothoa, 115, 147
Hippothoina, 115, 147
hippuris (Isis), 57,131
hirsuta (Stella), 27
hirsutum (Ale.), 92
hirta (Flustra), 109
hispida (Ast.), 1 7

(Disc.), 138

(Flustra), 108

Holothuria, 1, 8, 39
Holothurida, 7
Holothuridae, 7
holsatica (Act.), 46

(Ast.), 17

Ilookeri (Cell.), 1 1 3
Horn wrack, 103
Horse-tail Cor., 87
hyalina (Beren.), 142

(Cell.), 128

(Cucnm.), 11

(Tub.), 139

Hydra, 89

1G8

INDEX.

Hydractinia, 60
Hydraidae, 89
Hydrina, 89
Hydroidae, 89
Hydrozoa, 59
Hyndmanni(HoL), 10

(Lepr.), 122

Hypostoraa, 15
liysoscella (Med.), 31
Hystrix (Cid.), 2
Idmonea, 140, 141
Idya, 37
Iluanthos, 49
imbricata (Sert.), 98
immersa (Lepr.), 125
inconspicua (Thau.j,
155

indentata (Flust.), 110
indivisa (Ant.), 77

(Tub.), 64

infundibulum (Beroe),
38

inhaerens (Hoi.), 12
innominata (Lepr.),
121

insignis (Lepr.), 123
integra (Camp.), 86
interstincta (Madre.),
51

intertexta (Camp.), 88
intestinalis (Act.), 44
Iris (Act.), 42
irregularis (Astro.), 18

(Ast.), 22

Isacmaea, 43
Isidea, 55
Italian Coral, 127
ivoire (Cris.), 136
Ivory Coralline, 135
Jacotini (Cell.), 117
Johnstoni (Ast.), 18

(A.), 21

(Lepr.), 126

(Sip.), 14

judaica (Act.), 47
Kapnea, 41
Knotted-thread Cor.,
84

Korkschwamm, 53
lacerata (Camp.), 87
lacertosa (Ast.), 23

lactea (Hoi.), 10

(Hydr.), 61

lacunosus (Spat.), 6
lacustris (Cord.), 62,
150

laevigatus (Beroe), 38
laevis (Camp.), 86 ?, 87

(Cell.), 130

Lafea, 85
Lagena, 4

(Cydippe), 155

Lagenella, 99
Laguncula, 99
Lamarckii (Cyan.), 31
lamellosa (Cell.), 1 26
lanceolata (Hip.), 116
Landsborovii (Lepr.),
119

Laomedea, 66, 83
Larynx (Tub.), 64
Latreillii (Flustr.), 115
Leioderma, 29
lendigera (Sert.), 95
lendinosa (Sert.), 95
lepadifera (Gorg.),57
Lepralia, 117, 148
Lepraliana, 116, 148
Lesueur (Chrys.), 31
Leucophra, 101
Libera, 57

Lichenastrum (Sert.),
76

lichenoides (Madrep.),
53

ligulata (Cellep.), 127
liliacea (Mill.), 140
Lily-flowering C., 69
limbosa (Vel.), 40
Limniades, 99
Linckia, 20
Linckii (Astroph.), 27
linearis (Lepr.), 123
lineata (Flustra), 107,
109, (Thau.), 155
lineolata (Aur.), 31
Listen (Cor.), 62
Lithodendron, 52
lithophagus (Ech.), 4
Lithophyte, 55
littoralis (Hydra), 61
lividus (Ech.), 4

Lizzia, 36
lobata (Mag.), 54
Lobistella, 16
Lobster’s-horn, 77
Lobularia, 53
Lobulariadae, 53
lobulata (Tub.), 141
Lonchitis (Sert.), 76
Long-armedPolype,90
longissima (Sert.), 83
Loricaria, 133
loricata (Sert.), 132,
134

Loricula, 133
loriculata (Sert.), 134
Lucernaria, 49
Lucernariadse, 49
lucida (Thau.), 155
Luidi (Stella), 16
Luidia, 18
Lumbricus, 15
lunulata (Med.), 30
Lusia, 94

lutea (Hydra), 61, 94
lutosa (Esehara), 110
luxata (Cris.), 136
lvrifer (Brissus), 7, 150
macrogena(Chry s. ) ,3 1
macrorbynchopterus
(Verm.), 13
Macry (Cellep.), 123
maeulata (Act.), 48

(Thau.), 155

Madrephylliaea, 51
Madreporea, 50
Madreporidae, 51
Madreporina, 50
Magina, 53
Main de mer, 54
major (Alecto), 142
margareta (Sert.), 71
margarita (Sert.), 71
margaritifera(Act.),43
marinus (Ech.), 3

(Muse.), 70

Mazina, 93
mediterranea (Com.),
28

Medusa, 31
Medusae, 29
Medusidae, 30

INDEX.

169

melanops (Thau.), 155
Melicertura, 34
melo (Ecli.), 3
membranacea (Flust.),
104, 110

(Membr.), 108

inembranaceus (Ast.),
22, 23

Membranipora, 104,
107

Mertensia, 38
mesembrvanthemum
(Act.), 42
Metridium, 48
Micropora, 115, 147
Microporidae,115, 147
Microstoma, 148
miliaris (Cid.), 3

(Ech.), 3

raillepora (Esch.), 107
Milleporina:, 50
Millcri (Thaum.), 34
Millesiana (Turb.),51,
151

minima (Med.), 35
miuuta(Ast.), 17,23,27
minuticornis (Ilydra),
61

minutus (Ech.), 5
mirabilis (Beania), 90

(Crist.), 100

(Penn.), 58

mixta (Turb.), 51
Mnemia, 155
molle (Ale.), 54
mollis (Sert.), 133
Molluscum, 60
monile (Act.), 46
moniliformis (Oph.),
24

Monopvxis, 83
Montagui (llol.), 1 1
Montferrandi (Flust.),
118

Moodeeria, 36
Mucedo (Crist.), 99
Mucrostoma, 122
Mulleri (Astrop.), 18

(Cyd.), 54

Mulleria, 7, 12
multicornis,Ilydra),G0

multifora (Ast.), 20
muricata (Sert), 67
Muricea, 56
Murrayana (Flustra),
106

muscoides (Tub.), 62,
65

musicalis (Madr.), 52
mutatoria (Thai.), 15
mutica (Vel.), 41
mvriophyllum (Sert.),
81

Na'isa, 100, 102
neglecta (Oph.), 24

(Turns), 33

neglectus (Ech.), 4
Neillii (Hoi.), 11
Nemertesia, 76
Neptuni (Thai.), 15
Neritina (Sert.), 114
Nigellastrum, 74

(Sert), 70

Nigger, 8

nigra (Ast), 26, 27

(Holoth.), 8

(Sert.), 75

nigritella (Boug.), 156
Nilsonii (Oph.), 26
Nit Coralline, 95
nitida (Cell.), 120
noctiluca (Pel.), 30
Notamia, 82, 133
Nudibrachiata, 59
nudus (Sip.), 13, 14
Nullipora, 126
nutans (Corym.), 65
obconicus (Siph.), 88
Obelia, 140

(Tub.), 142

obliqua (Laom.), 85
Oceania, 33
Oceanidse, 32
Ocellina, 51
Ocellinidae, 51
Ochnus, 9

octocostata (/Eq.), 34
octona (Ger.), 33,
(Thau.), 155
octopunctata (Lizzia),
36

octopus (Med.), 30

i octoradiata (Lucern.),
49

octocostatum (Stom.),
155

oculata (Ast.), 20
oculatus (Pentad.), 20
Oculina, 51
Oligactis (Hydra), 90
operculata (Sert.), 73
Ophiocoma, 23, 25
Ophiolepis, 23
Ophiopholis, 25
Ophiothrix, 26
Ophiura, 23

(Ast.), 23, 25

Ophiurae, 23
Ophiurida, 23
Ophiuridae, 23
orbiculus (Tub.), 139
organisans (Tub.), 141
organum (Madr.), 52
ornata (Sars.), 156
Ortie de mer, 42
Orythia, 35
Oursins, 2
ovalis (Lepr.), 118
ovata (Beroe), 38
ovatum(Echin.),6,150
ovatus (Beroe), 38
ovifera (Camp.), 97
ovoidea (Cell.), 120

(Cellep.), 128

Ovulum marinum, 5
ovulum (Fib.), 5
oxyurus (Lumbr.), 15
Pallasii (Phase.), 14
pallens (Hydra), 90
palliata (Med.), 48
Palmasteries, 21
palmata (Cell.), 130

(Disc.), 139

Palmipes, 21

(Ast.), 22

palmo (Med.), 30
Paludicella, 102
Paludicellaidee, 102,
145

paludosa (Crist.), 101
Panache (Pol. a), 100
papillata (Cid.), 2
papillosa (Hoi.), 8
H

170

INDEX.

papillosum (Cycl.), 93
papillosus (Sip.), 13
papposa (Aster.), 19
papyracea (Flustra),
104, 105

papyrea (Esch.), 105
Parasite Actinia, 48
parasites (Svnh ), 61
parasitica (Act.), 46

(Clava), 60

parasiticum (Ale.), 92
patagonica (Cris.), 136

(Sert.), 69

Patella, 37
patina (Tubul.), 137
Patinella, 137
Pavonaria, 58
Peacbii (Flustra), 108,
110

(Lepr.), 119

(Membr.), 120

pectinata(Ast.), 18, 28

(Lepr.), 121

(Sert.), 75

Pedicellina, 94
Pedicellinse, 93
Pedicellinid*, 93, 145
pedilostoma (Lepral.),
108, 117, 120
peduuculata (Act.), 47
Pelagia, 30, 155

(Med.), 30

pellucida (Hoi.), 11

(Beroe), 154

penicillata (Tub.), 139
Penicilletta, 139
penicillus (Hoi.), 8
Pennse marinse, 58
Pennaria, 78, 94
pennata (Cor.), 68
Pennatula, 57

(Sert.), 79

Pennatularia, 57
Pennatulidae, 57
Pennatulina, 57
Pentaceros, 21
Pentacerotid®, 21
Pentacrinitidae, 28
Pentacrinus, 28
Pentacta, 9, 11, 12
(Hoi.), 9

Pentactes(Hol.),10,ll
Pentactidae, 9
Pentadactvlosaster,
17, 20

pentagona (Ast.), 26
pentapetala (Act.), 4 7
pentaphvlla (Ast.), 26
Pentasterie, 16
perexiguus (Ech.), 5
perforata (Ast.), 20
Peripyxis, 96
perlacea (Cell.), 119
personata (Cell.), 128
pertusa (Ast.), 20

(Cell.), 119

petaloideus (Tetr.), 16
Phalangea (Tub.), 139
Pkalangella, 139, 149
Phanerocarpae, 29
Pliantopus, 8

(Hoi.), 9, 150

Pharetria, 100
Phascolosoma, 14
Pheasant’s-tail, 81
Pherusa, 141
phosphorea(Penn.),58
pbosphorica (Ocean.),
33

pbrygianum (Ast.), 21
Phyllodoce, 40
Phyllophorus, 7
Physalia, 39
Physogradae, 39
Physogrades, 39
Physophora, 39
Physophoridae, 39
Pbysophorides, 39
Phytocorallia, 50
Phytocrinus, 28
Phytodozoa, 1
Phytozoa, 1
piccina (Sert.), 70
picta (Act.), 48
pileata (Thaum.), 35,
155

pileus (Beroe), 38
pilosa (Flustra), 107
pilosella (Thau.), 155
Pinaster (Sert.), 71
pinnata (Gorg.), 56
(Plum.), 80

pinnata (Sert.), 71, 75
Pinnigrada, 27
Pinnigradastella, 27
Piper, 2

placenta (Ast.), 22

(Echin.), 5

Placomus (Gorg.), 56
plana (Hippast.), 21
planus (Pent.), 21
Platasteries, 21
Pleurobranchaea, 38
Pleurobranchia, 38
pleurophora (Chrvs.),
31

plicatus (Pent.), 23
pluma (Sert.), 79
Plumatella, 100, 101
Plumatellidae, 99
plumosa (Act.), 47

(Cell.), Ill

Plumularia, 78
Pocillopora, 51
Pocilloporidae, 50
pocillum (Med.), 40
Podded Coralline, 79
Podocoryna, 60
Polipiers, 53
polizonia (Sert.), 68
Polyactinia, 50
Polyaster, 19
polyceps (Tub.), 65
polyoum (Sarc.), 93
Polypes, 1, 41
Polypi, 41
Polypiaria, 59, 91
Polypody, 76
Polyxenia, 155
Polyzoa, 91, 144
polyzonias (Sert.), 68
Pomegranate - flower-
ing C., 69

pomiformis (Cyd.), 39
Porania, 22
Porella, 127, 148
Portlockii(Thyon.),12
Porus, 105
Priapules, 14
Priapulus, 14
Priapus, 42

(Hoi), 14

Primnoa, 57

INDEX.

171

proboscidea (Pust.),
143

prolifera (Madr.), 51,
(Sars.), 156
prominens (Ber.), 142
Psolinus, 9
Psolus, 8
Pterogorgia, 56
pulchella (Ast.), 23

(Dyn.), 73

(Gyn.), 29

pulmo (Alcyon.), 54
Pulmograda, 29
Pulmonellum, 93, 151
pulmoniforme (Maz.),
93

pulvillus (Ast.), 22
pumicosa(Tubip.),129
pumila (Sert.), 70
punctata (Lepr.), 117

(Oph.), 24

(Thaum.),35,l 55

punctulata (Cyan.), 31
purpurata (Med.), 31
purpurea (Med.), 31
purpureus (Spat.), 6
pusilla (Cor.), 61

(Sync.), 62

pusillus (Spat.), 5, 6
pustulata (Lepr.), 121
Pustulipora, 140, 143
pustulosa (Sert.), 98
pygmaea (Car.), 52
quadrangularis (Eu!.),
37

(Penn.), 59, 150

quadrata (Thau.), 155
quadricornis (Lucer.),
49

quadridentata (Lepr.),
118

Radiaires, 1
Radiaires ecliino-
dernies, 1
Radiata, 1
Radicata, 53
radiolata (Aur.), 31
ramca (Madrep.), 52

(Tub.), 67

rameum (Halec.), 67
ramosa (Ant.), 77

ramosa (Hydra), 62

(Tub.), 63, 67

ramulosi (Cell.), 129,
140

Raphanus (Thyone),8,
150

Rataria, 40, 156
Remarkable Cor., 114
repens (Lag.), 99

(Sert.), 87

(Tub.), 101

reptans (Sert.), 112

(Tub.), 101

Reseda (Gorg.), 57
Retepora, 130

(Mill.), 130

Reteporina, 130
reticulata (Lepr.), 120,
126

(Mill.), 130

reticulatus (Sip.), 13
reticulum (Millepora),
108

retiformis(Esch.), 126
Rhizostoma, 29, 155

(Cephea), 30

Rhizostomidae, 29
Roehrel, 100, 101
rosacea (Ast.), 22

(Com.), 28

(Sert.), 69

rosea (Ast.), 20

(Aur.), 31

— — (Circe), 34
roseus (Amph.), 6
Rosula (Oph.), 26
rubens(Ast.), 16, 17,18
rubescens (Circe), 155
rubra (Penna), 58

(Steen.), 156

rubrum (Alcyon.), 54
rufa (Act.), 42
rugosa (Corn.), 88

(Sert.), 69

rupium (Thai.), 15
rustica (Ascid.), 9
saccatus (Sip.), 14
Salicornaria, 131
Salicornarina, 131
Salicornia (Cell.), 131
Salpingia, 149

sanguinea (Capn.), 41
sanguineum (Ale.), 54
sanguinolenta (Ast.),
20

sanguinolentus (Ech.),
20 '
Saphenia, 33
sapinette (Sert.), 72
Sarcinula, 53
Sarcochitum, 93
Sarcodictyon, 55
Sarcorete, 55
sarnica (Thaum.), 35,
155

Sarsia, 36, 156
Sarsii (Echin.), 20

(Luidia), 19

Savartii (Flustr.), 108
Saveresi (Ast.), 1 7
Savignii (Ast.), 18
Savignyi (Thoa), 67
saxatilis (Ech.), 3, 4
Scaphidia (Vel.), 4 1
Scirpearia, 58
scolopendrica (Oph.),
25

scolopendroides (Bei-
lis), 25

(Ros.), 26

(Stella), 26

scotica (Hoi.), 1 1
scoticus (II.), 49
scruposa (Cor.), 66

(Sert.), Ill

Scuparia, 111, 132
Scupariadac, 132
Scupocellaria, 111
Scutasteries, 21
scutatum(Astroph.)27
Scutella, 4, 5
Scutellidae, 4
Sea-beard, 77
Sea-bristles, 80
Sea-fan, 55
Sea-hair, 73
Sea-nettle, 43
Sea-oak Coralline, 70
Sea-thread, 83
Sea- weed, 103
Sea-willow, 56
securifrons(Esch.),104
H 2

172

INDEX.

Selbia, 147
semilunaris (Lepr.)i
121

senilis (Act.), 46
seposita (Ast.), 20
Serialaria, 94, 98
sericea (Sert.), 95
serpens (Tubip.), 140,
151

Sertolara, 70
Sertularella, 68
Sertularia, 69
Sertulariad®, 66
Sertularina, 66
sessilis (Act.), 45

(Car.), 52

setacea (Cor.), 80

(Cris.j, 137

(Flustra), 106

seticornis (Sert.), 77
Sheep’s-tailed Cor., 73
Shepherd’s-purse, 82
sica (Hipp.), 116
Sickle Coralline, 78
siliquata (Cor.), 68
Silk Coralline, 95
simplex (Cym.), 88

(Lepr.), 118

(Med.), 30

sinuosa (Sal.), 132
Siphorus, 63
Sipbytus, 88
Sipunculidee, 13
Sipunculus, 13
Skenei (Mill.), 130
Slabberia, 35, 156
Slelenota, 8
Smitbii (Car.), 52, 150

(Mnemia), 155

Snail trefoil Cor., 69
Snake Coralline, 133
Solaster, 19
Solasteries, 19
Spatangi, 5
Spatangidae, 5, 6
Spatangus, 5

(Ech.), 6

spathulosa (Fare.) , 1 32
spatulata (Ang.), 133

spelhelmigona(Chry .) ,

31

| sphasra (Ecb.), 3
sphaerica (Oc.), 155
sphserulata (Oph.), 26
spilogona (Chrys.),31
spinifera (Flustra) ,109

(Lepr.), 122

spinosa (A.), 17

(Sert.), 95

spinulosa (Oph.), 27
spiralis (Sert.), 106
spirans (Hoi.), 40
Spleenwort (Sea), 76
spongiosa(Flust.), 108
Spongites, 129
squamata (Ast.), 24

(Hydra), 60

(Oph.), 25

Squirrel’s-tail, 74
stagnorum (Ale.), 100

(Crist.), 99

stauroglypha(.-Eq.), 34
Steenstrupia, 37
Stellaria, 18
Stellata, 16

(Ast.), 20

(Membr.), 107

(Will.), 32

Stellerida, 16
Stelleridea, 16
Stellerides, 15
Stellonia, 16, 19
Stipula, 61
Stomobrachium, 155
Strombi (Sip.), 13
subangularis (Ech.), 4
sulcata (Act.), 45, 48
sultana (Tub.), 102
Suriray (Aur.), 31
Surirea (Med.), 31
Synapta, 12
Synaptidae, 12
Syncoryna, 61
Synhydra, 60
Syringa(Sert.),86,151
Syrinx, 13

taenialis (Millep.), 127
Tamarisca (Sert.), 72
Tamarisk (Sea), 72
tarentinum (Fib.), 5
telacea (Flustr.), 104
Templetonii (Act.), 47

Templetonii(Gon.),22
tenuicinctus (Syr.), 14
tenuis (Lepr.), 117
Terebripora, 115
ternata (Cell.), 113
tessellatus (Syr.), 13
Tetractis, 16
tetragona (Funic.), 59
texturata (Oph.), 23
Thalassema, 15

(Lumbr.), 15

Thalia, 39
Tkaumantias, 34
Thoa, 66

Tliompsonii(Thaum.),

35

Thuiaria, 75
thuja (Sert.), 76
Thyone, 7, 11
Thyronidium, 11
Tiara, 33
Tibiana, 135
Tiedemannia, 12
Tima, 36

Tooth Coralline, 68
trahens (Tub.), 142
transversa (Tub.), 140
Tricellaria, 113
trichoides (Tub.), 63
tricolor (Ast.), 26
tridentata(Lepr.), 124
Tripylus, 7

trispinosa (Lepr.), 122
Troglodytes (Act.), 43,
46

truncata (Act.), 48

(Flustra), 105

(Madrep.), 53 •

(Mill.), 140

tuberculata (Flustra),
110

(Med.), 31

tubifera (Tub.), 88

(Obel.), 142 _

tubiformis (Dyn.), 71
Tubipora, 101
Tubiporidae, 137
Tubularia, 63
Tubulariadae, 63
Tubularhte, 59
Tubularina, 59

INDEX.

173

tubulifera (Obel.), 140
Tubulipora, 137, 142
Tubuliporida:, 134,137,
149

Tubuliporina, 134,149
tubulosa (Mill.), 140

(Sars.), 156

Tudori (Sert.), 71
Tuediae (Act.), 45
turbinata (Fung.), 52
Turbinolia, 51
Turns, 32, 155
turrita (Ocea.), 155
Ulva, 91

undulata (Med.), 29
Unicellaria, 132
unicornis (Lepr.), 124

(Flustra), 116

uniflora (Sert.), 86
Uraster, 16
Urtica, 39

usneoides (Sert.), 73
utriculata (Ber.), 121
Uva (Sert.), 97
vagans (Crist.), 100
Valkeria, 95, 96, 97
varia (Ast.), 26
variolosa (Lepr.), 125

Velella, 40

(Med.), 40

Velellidse, 40
ventricosa(Lepr.), 1 18
Vermes zoophyta, 1
vermicularis (Act.), 44
Vermigrada, 13
Vermistella, 13
verrucaria (Madrep.),
129, 137

(Tub.), 137

verrucosa (Act.), 45

(Cell.), 129

(Gorg.), 55

(Hydra), 90

(Lepr.), 126

verrueulatus (Ast.), 23
verticillata(Plum.), 77

(Sert.), 87, 98

Vesicularella, 97
Vesicularia, 95, 96
Vesiculariadae, 94, 145
Vesicularina, 94
viduata (Act.), 43
viminalis (Gorg.), 56
vinca (Lepr.), 117
violacea (Ast.), 17
(Lepr.), 125

Virgularia, 58
viridis (Cor.), 42

(Hydra), 89

viridissima(Hydr.),89
vitrina (Cell.), 130
volubilis (Sert.), 86
Volvox, 38

vulgaris (Eschar.), 123

(Hydra), 90

(Oph.), 26

Thai.), 15
Vel.), 40
Willsia, 32, 155
Willsiadse, 32
Windpipe Coralline, 65
Worm (Naked tube),
13

Zoantha, 41, 50
Zoantharia, 41
Zoanthes, 42
Zoanthidae, 50
Zoanthina, 50
Zoanthus, 50
Zoocorallia, 41, 53
Zoophyta, 41
Zoophytaria, 53
Zoophytes, 1

THE END.

PRINTED BY RICHARD AND JOHN E. TAYLOR,
RED LION COURT, FLRKT STREET.