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WEST VIRGINIA

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

PART I.

The Living Flora of West Virginia

By
C. F. MILLSPAUGH

PART II.

The Fossil Flora of West Virginia

By
DAVID WHITE

I. C. WHITE, State Geologist.

.H5I5

WHEELING NEWS LITHO.
WHEELING, W. VA.
1913

CO.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY COMMISSION.

HENRY D. HATFIELD President

GOVERNOR OF WEST VIRGINIA.

E. L. LONG - P'ice President

TREASURER OF WEST VIRGINIA.

ARCHIBALD MOORE Secretary

PRESIDENT, STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

THOMAS E. HODGES _ Treasurer

PRESIDENT, WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY.

E. DWIGHT SANDERSON Executive Officer

DIRECTOR, STATE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

STATE BOARD OF CONTROL.

JAMES S. LAKIN _ President

E. B. STEPHENSON Treasurer

JOHN A. SHEPPARD _ Member

SCIENTIFIC STAFF.

I. C. WHITE State Geologist

SUPERINTENDENT OF THE SURVEY.

RAY \\ HEXXEX Assistant Geologist

CHARLES E. KREr5S_ Assistant Geologist

DAVID B. REGER Assisfant Geologist

D. D. TEETS. JR ^ Field Assistant

PiERT H. HITE _ Chief Chemist

JAX B. KRAK 4ssistant Chemist

EARL M. HEXXEX _ Chief Clerk

JEXKIX L. WILLIAALS Stenographer

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.

To His Excellency, Hon. Henry D. Hatfield, Governor of JVesf
Virginia, and President of the West Virginia Geological Sur-
rey Commission :

Sir : I have the honor to transmit herewith the very inter-
esting work of Dr. C. F. Millspaugh, Curator of Botany in the
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 111., on the Living
Flora of West Virginia, and also the very complete work of Dr.
David White, Associate Curator of Paleobotany in the Smithson-
ian Institution, and Chief Geologist U. S. G. Survey, Washing-
ton, D. C, on the Fossil Flora of West Virginia.

The very exhaustive paper of Dr. Millspaugh which forms
Part I. of this new Volume V(A) of the publications of the West
Virginia Geological Survey, constitutes an entire revision of the
"West Virginia Flora" prepared and published by Dr. Millspaugh
in 1896, as a- revision of his first publication of a "Preliminary
Catalogue of the Flora of West Virginia," 1891, published by the
West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station when Dr. !Mills-
paugh was connected with that Institution as Botanist during the
years 1889 to 1892. The present paper embodies the results of
a much wider and later study not only by Dr. Millspaugh through
the works and collections of other authors, but also the results
of Dr. John L. Sheldon's (Professor of Botany, W. Va. Uni-
versity) recent studies communicated freely to Dr. Millspaugh
for use in this publication, so that a very large addition to the
West Virginia Flora is thus made known to the world by this
"labor of love" on the part of Dr. Millspaugh, for which alll
those interested in the botany of the State will be deeplv grate-
ful.

Dr. David White's paper on the Fossil Flora of West A'ir-
ginia which constitutes Part II. of this volume is the first publi-
cation of its kind made by the State giving a complete list of the
known fossil plants, or the Flora that covered the land and peat
swamps of West Virginia millions of years ago when the vege-
table deposits which now form our coal beds were in process of

LETTER OF TRANSMISSAL. Vll

accumulation. These plants are of course all extinct at the pres-
ent time, and only a few of their diminutive relatives and de-
scendants still survive in oiu" ferns, rushes, and club-mosses, since
the Carboniferous Flora herein described lived before the day of
flowering- plants, birds and mammals had dawned upon the earth.
Dr. David White, one of the most distinguished of paleobotanists,
has listed these interesting fossil remains in the relation which
they sustain to the well-known Coal beds of the State, and hence
as the fossil plants of each great coal horizon contain in their en-
tirety some types and facies not found in connection with any
other geological horizon, the publication in question cannot fail
to prove of great economic value as an aid in the correlation of
our numerous important coal horizons. The preparation of each
part of this volume by the authors of the same has required an im-
mense amount of careful and painstaking labor, all of which has
been generously donated to the State Geological Survey by the
distinguished authors to whom not only the Survey but all the
people of the State are under lasting obligations for their dis-
interested and most valuable services.

This volume together with Volume V on Forestry and Wood
Industries of the State by A. B. Brooks, published under date of
February ist, 191 1, will furnish a very fair account of the plant
life of the State, and in due time it is hoped finally to add a vol-
ume on the animal life of the State, as provided in the scheme of
general publications contemplated by the Survey.

Very respectfully,

L C. WHITE, State Geologist.

]\Iorgantown, W. \^a., June ist, 1913.

CONTENTS.

^lembers of tlic Geological Survey Commission and State Board

of Control _' III

Members of Scientific Staff V

Letter of Transmittal VI

Table of Contents VIII

PART T.

The Living Flora of West Virginia 1-389

Botanical Field Work of Previous Authors 2-13

Special Features of the West Virginia Flora : 14-18

The Forest Trees or Sylva 19-23

Systematic Catalogue 24-389

Fungi 24-150

Phallaceac 24

Nidulariaceae 24

Lycoperdaceae 24-25

Mucoraceae 25-26

Peronosporaceae 26-27

Entomophthoraceae 27

Schizomycetaceae 27-28

Saccharomycetaccae 28

Diatomaceae 28-29

INIyxomycetaceae 29-31

Hyphomycetaccae 31-34

Dematiaccae 34-42

Stilbaceae 42-44

Tuberculariaceae 44-48

Sphaerioidaceae 49-70

Nectrioidaceae 70

Leptostromaceae 70-71

Excipulaceae ''1

Alelanconiaceae 71-76

Ustilaginaceae 76-77

Uredinaceae 77-86

Perisporiaceae 86-89

Sphaeriaceae 90-103

Hypocreaceae 103-106

Dothideaceae 106

Microthyriaceae 106

Lophiostomaceae 106-107

CONTENTS. 1>^

Helvellaceae 107-108

Pezizaceae 108-114

Ascobolaceae 114-115

Dermateaceae 115-116

Bulgariaceae 116-117

Stictaceae 11''

Phacidiaceae H'''

Patellariaceae 117-118

Gymnoascaceae 11^

Hysteriaceae 118-119

Agaricaceae 119-1. .3

Polyporaceae 133-142

Hydnaceae _-__142-144

Thelephoraceae 144-148

Clavariaceae 148-loO

LiCHENES 151-162

Usnaceae 15] -152

Parmeliaceae 1-^2

Physciaceae 1^3

Umbilicariaceae l-^3

Peltigeraceae lo3-154

Pannariaceae l"'"!

Collemaccae 154-155

Lecanoraceae 155-157

Cladoniaceae 157-158

Lecidaceae 158-160

Graphidaceae 160-161

Caliciaceae 161

Verrucariaceae 162

Trypetheliaceae -■ 162

Pyrenulaceae 162

Hepaticae 163-172

Ricciaceae 163

Marchantiaceae 163-164

Jungermanniaceae 164-171

(Anacrogynae) 164-165

(Acrogynae) 165-171

Anthocerotaceae 171-172

Sphagnaceae l'^2

Andreaeaceae 1'''2

Musci 173-190

Dicranaceae 173-176

Leucobryaceae 1'''6

Fissidentaceae 1''6

Encalyptaceae 176-177

CONTENTS.

Pottiaceae 177

Grimmiaceae 177

Ortliotrichaceae 177-178

F"unariaceae 178-179

Bryaceae 179-180

Mniaceae 180

Aulacomniaceae ISO

Bartramiaceae 180-181

Weberaceae 181

Buxbaumiaceae ISl

Georgiaceae ISl

Polytrichiaceae 181-182

Hedwigiaceae 182

Fontinalaceae 182

Climaciaceae 182

Leucodontaceae 183

Neckeraceae 183

Fabroniaceae 183

Entodontaceae 183-184

Hookeriaceae 184

Leskeaceae 184-185

Hypnacae 185-189

Sematophyllaceae 189

Brachytheciaceae 189-190

Ophioglossaceae 190

Pteridophyta 191-198

Filices 191-197

Equisetaceae 197

Lycopodiaceae 197-198

Selaginellaceae . 198

Gymnospermae 199-389

Pinaceae 199-201

Taxaceae 201

Typhaceae ~01

Sparganiaceae 202

Potamogetonaceae 202

Scheuchzeriaceae 202

Alismaceae 202-203

Vallisneriaceae 203

Hydrocharitaceae -r 203

Gramineae 203-216

Cyperaceae 217-223

Araceae 223-224

Lemnaceae 224

Commelinaceae 224-225

Juncaceae 225-226

CONTENTS. XI

Alelanthaceae 226-227

Liliaceae 227-229

Convallariaceae 229-232

Smilaceae 232

Amarjdlidaceae 232

Dioscoreaceae 232-233

Iridaceae 233

Orchidaceae 233-236

Saururaceac 237

Juglandaceae 237

Salicaceae 237-238

Myricaceae 239

Betulaceae , 239-240

Fagaceae 240-241

Ulmaceae 242

Moraceae 242

Urticaceae 243

Loranthaceae 244

Santalaceae 244

Aristolochiaceae 244-245

Polygonaceae 245-247

Chenopodiaceae 247-248

Amaranthaceae 248

Phytolaccaceae 248

Aizoaceae 248

Portulaceae 248-249

Caryophyllaceae 249-251

Nymphaeaceae 252

Magnoliaceae 252-253

Anonaceae 253-254

Ranunculaceae 254-259

Berberidaceae 260

Menispermaceae 260-261

Calycanthaceae 261

Lauraceae 261

Papaveraceae 261-263

Brassicaceae (Cruciferae ) 263-267

Capparidaceae 267

Droseraceae 267

Podostemonaceae 267-268

Crassulaceae 268

Penthoraceae 268

Parnassiaceae 268

Saxifragaceae 269-270

Grossulariaceae 270-271

Hamamelidaceae 27 J

CONTENTS.

Platanaccae 273

Rosaceae 272-279

Pomaceae 279-282

Drupaceae '. 282

Caesalpinaceae 282-283

Papilionaccae 284-290

Gerianiaceae 290-29]

Oxalidaceae 29]

Linaceae 292

Rutaceae 292

Simarubaceae 293

Polygalaceae 293-294

Euphorliiaceae ^ 294-295

Callitrichaceae 296

Empetraceae 296

Biixaceae 296

Limnanthaceae 296

Anacardiaceae 296-297

Aquifoliaceae 298

Cclastraceae 298-299

Staphyleaceae 299

Aceraceae 299-300

Sapindaceae 300-301

Balsaminaceae 301

Rhamnaceae 301-302

Vitaceae 302-303

Tiliaceae 303

Malvaceae 303-304

Hypericaceae 304-306

Cistaceae 306

Violaceae 306-309

Passifloraceae 309

Cactaceae 309

Thymelaeaceae 309

Lythraceae 309-310

Melastomaceae 3lo

Onagraceae 310-313

Araliaceae 314

Apiaceae (Umbelli ferae) 315-320

Cornaceae 320-321

Clethraceac 321

Pyrolaceae 321-322

Monotropaceae 322

Ericaceae 322-325

Vacciniaceae 325-326

Diapensiaccae 327

Primulaceae 3.27-328

CONTENTS. >^111

328

Ebenaceae "

328
Styracaceae

^1 328-329

Oleaceae " —

QOg

Loganiaceae

• 330

Gentianaceae

•JO-I

Menvanthaceae

331
Apocynaceae

OOIQOO

Asclepiadaceae ^

Convolvulaceae 333-334

Cuscutaceae ^ ^^^

Polemoniaceae 335-336

Hydrophyllaceae 336-337

Boraginaceae 337-339

340
Verbenaceae

Labiatae ^40-347

Solanaceae ^"^J'lf

Scrophulariaceae 350-3.^4

Lentibulariaceae ^^

Orobanchaceae

Bignoniaceae 355-356

Acanthaceae ^^^

357
Phrj^niaceae

Plantaginaceae ^^'^

Rubiaceae "^'^^'^^^

Caprifoliaceae 360-362

Valerianaceae

Dipsacaceae

Cucurbitaceae '

<Jampanulaceae ""*

Cichoriaceae :iG6-^QQ

Ambrosiaceae

Carduaceae 370-389

PART II.

The Fossil Flora of West Virginia 390-453

Index to Part I. 454-486

Summary of Part I ^^^

Index to Part II.

.488-491

PART I.

The Living Flora of West Virginia

By C. F. MILLSPAUGH

The State of West Virginia comprises about 24,170 square
miles of territory lying between 37°3o' and 40°3o' north latitude,
and o°45' and 5°3o' west longitude from Washington. Its out-
line of varied boundaries has become a synonym for irregularity,
as a glance at the accompanying map will show ; it might also
comprise the topography, suggesting as it does an immense field
over which a gigantic plow has left a confused maze of deep and
irregular furrows. This topographical condition is mainly due
to the great number of mountain ranges and a vast network of
rapid streams, that, rising in the higher altitudes of the eastern
and southern borders, pass in varied and tortuous courses through
the State, to augment the Ohio on the west and northwest, and
the Potomac on the northeast.

Along the low, as well as the lofty mountain ranges, there is
comparatively little tableland, and in the wedge-like valleys there
is a like absence of extensive bottoms, except along Tygarfs
\^alley River in Randolph County, the Great Kanawha and the
Ohio. Although there are many mountain glades, some nearly
dry and others swampy, plainly indicating their late occupancy by
small lakes, there is today neither pond nor lake within the
limits of the State, and very little if any stagnant water.

As the major portion of the State lies west of the Allegha-
nies, the climate is much like that of western Pennsylvania, par-
taking little indeed of that southern atmosphere that we are
wont to associate with the name Virginia.

The prevailing soil of the hills and valleys is stiff clay, and
sandy and clayey alluvium, over which there is in general but

2 Till-: WEST NIKCINIA FLORA

little loam. The cla}' of the more open steep hillsides is so
unctuous and unstable that frequent landslides occur during
Spring-, sometimes of great extent. This subsidence renders the
valley streams nmddy throughout the year. The rocks are
principally sandstone and limestone, with some outcroppings of
shales on the northeastern heights. The special features of very
fertile and quite sterile soils, varied altitude and the vast areas
of primitive forests, yield a flora of great variety, often widely
differing at points only a few miles apart.

The amount of exploration necessary to gain a full knowl-
edge of the flora under these conditions becomes an arduous un-
dertaking, though the interest in searching an almost virgin field
is so deep as to greatly lighten the labor.

BOTANICAL FIELD WORK IN THE STATE.

That several of the early Pennsylvanian, Virginian and
North Carolinian Botanists, including Peter Kalm, John Eraser,
John Clayton, Tliomas Nuttall, John Mitchell and others, col-
lected within the eastern borders of the State is reasonably cer-
tain, though I have not been able, so far, to establish their lo-
calities with any degree of certainty. There is great difficulty
in locating West Virginian stations in the field work of the very
early Botanists from the fact that most of their notes and labels
read simply "Virginia." Previous to 1784 Virginia extended
indefinitely from the Atlantic to any point beyond the Ohio River,
while the border lines of West Virginia were not estalilished
until 1863. Then, too, the country was so thinly settlemented
and localities so uncertainly named that ascribing definite geo-
graphic place to collected plants was impossible to the knapsack
traveller.

The following chronologic tabulation gives all the informa-
tion that I have been able to compile upon the field work of
botanists within the State.

(1) Andre ]\Iichaux, the renowned French Botanist (who traveled
extensively in North Carolina, Virginia, Kentucky and Illinois;
even North into Canada and South into Florida and the
Bahamas) ; made many journeys, under conditions of great
hardship and no little danger, along the out confines of the
mountain borders of West Virginia ; especially in the New
River region of southwestern Virginia. He is credited by one
of his biographers with field work in the contiguous West

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 3

Virginia counties, but his carefully and explicitly kept Journal
does not bear out such a conclusion. He did however collect
at Harpers Ferry, Charlestown and Summit Point, in Jeffer-
son County, and at Wheeling, Buffalo Point, and the mouth of
the Little Kanawha River, on his journey to Kentucky and
Illinois in 1793. His collections are in the Herbarium of the
Museum of Paris.

(2) Matthias Kin, a German nurseryman and collector, took up his

residence in Philadelphia and from there made many extensive
excursions for the purpose of collecting living plants and seeds
for horticultural purposes. During these trips he also pre-
served plants for herbarium material. About the year 1800 he
collected extensively from Cumberland, Md., through the Ty-
garts River Valley in Randolph County. His exact localities
are in doubt as his labels are eccentrically written in "Pennsyl-
vania Dutch." The prime set of his collections of dried plants
is in the Royal Botanical Garden, Berlin.

(3) Frederick Pursh, a noted German Botanist (born in Russia) es-

tablished himself in Philadelphia in 1799. From there he made
many important botanical explorations. His most interesting
collections were made in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, Jeffer-
son County; and in Greenbrier and Monroe Counties in the
neighborhood of White Sulphur and Sweet Springs in 1S05.
His prime collection is in the Herbarium of the Royal Botani-
cal Gardens at Kew, London.

(4) (CoNSTANTiNE Samuel) Rafinesque (Schmaltz), the eccentric

Franco-German naturalise (Born in Turkey), immigrated to
Philadelphia in 1802. In 1818, on his way to Kentucky, he col-
lected plants at Wheeling, Williamstown and Point Pleasant ;
and on his return walked from Wheeling to Kenilworth through
Ohio, Brooke and Hancock Counties, collecting throughout the
route. In 1819 he collected afoot along the Potomac River
from Harpers Ferry to Cumberland, Md., through Jefferson,
Berkeley, Morgan and Hampshire Counties. In 182.5 he again
collected in Ohio County from Valley Grove to Wheeling; and
later, starting from Cumberland, he followed the South Branch
of the Potomac from its mouth through Hampshire, Hardy,
and Pendleton Counties to the South Fork Mountains, where
he "collected many fine plants." From here he crossed the
county and the mountains to Virginia. In 1832 he again col-
lected in Jefferson Coimty in the neighborhood of Harpers
Ferry. While his collections were undoubtedly large, and very
valuable, their numerical strength is unknown as his private
herbarium has never been found. Some of his duplicates are
in the herbaria of the University of Pennsylvania and the
Philadelphia Academy of Sciences.

(4a) Dr. William E. A. Aikin of Baltimore, Maryland, collected in
the neighborhood of Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, about the
year 1832. The extent and disposition of his collections is at
present unknown. I have seen but one specimen of his, that in
IDr. Torrey's herbarium. New York Botanical Garden.

(5) Gray, Carey and Constable. Dr. Asa Gray, John Carey and

John Constable, on their collecting trip to the mountains of

4 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Southwestern Virginia and North Carohna in 1841, passed
through Jetierson County from Harpers Ferry to the Virginia
line. Akhough West Virginia plants are here and there credited
to them it is certain that they did not collect within the bor-
ders of the State.

(6) Gr-w and Sullivant. Dr. Asa Gray and W(illiam) S(tarl.ing)

Sullivant collected through the Allegheny mountains from
^Maryland to Georgia in 1843. While I am unable to outline
their route with exactness, yet it is certain that they collected
along the old Staunton Pike, from Tygarts Valley through the
Cheat Mountains, via Cheat Bridge and Travelers Repose ; along
the upper reaches of the Kanawha River ; and at Big Spring
in Mercer County. Just how much material they collected in the
State there is no way of determining. Their plants are in the
Gray Herbarium of the Cambridge Botanical Gardens, Cam-
bridge, Mass.

(7) I(sAAc) F(arwell)Holton collected extensively from Charles-

ton, Kanawha County, to Hawks Nest, Fayette County, in Octo-
ber, 1849. The full number of plants collected by him is un-
known : 50 are in the Herbarium of the Field Museum of
Natural History. His private Herbarium was deposited in that
of Columbia University and is now at the New York Botanical
Garden.

(8) Prof. W(illiam) H('enry) Brewer, while Professor of Botany

at Yale, in 1860, made a collection of plants in Ohio County in
the vicinity of Wheeling, and Brooke County near Bethany.
The amount of material he secured is unknown to me; it is
deposited in the Herbarium of Yale University.

(9) W(illiam) M(arriott) Canby, an extensive Botanical collector

late of Wilmington, Del., made a small collection in Taylor
County, near Grafton, in 1868. The details of his collecting
in the State I have not been able to determine. His plants
are deposited in the Herbarium of the New York College of
Pharmacy.

(10) J. S. Merriam made a collection of plants in Jefferson County in

the vicinity of Harpers Ferry in 1871. The extent of his col-
lecting I have not yet been able to determine. His specimens
are deposited in the U. S. National Herbarium, Washington,
D. C.

(11) Dr. T(imothy) F(ieed) Allen, of New York, collected in July

1872, on Kates Mountain and at other points in the neighbor-
hood of White Sulphur Springs. His plants are deposited in the
Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden. (See also Allen
and Britton).

(12) J(oseph) F(rancis) James, of Ohio, spent about two weeks in

1877, investigating the Flora of the region of the Guyandotte and
Great Kanawha Rivers from Huntington to Kanawha Falls and
the Hawks Nest ; and the region of Loup Creek, in Fayette
County. The amount of material that he collected is not
known to me. His plants are in the Gray Herbarium and the
Cryptogamic Herbarium at Harvard University.

WEST X'IKGINIA GEOLOGICAL SUR\"EY 5

(13) E. Richardson collected in Ohio County in the vicinity of Wheel-
nig, in 1S77 and 1879 ; and the neighborhood of Bethany, Brooke
County, m 187S. The extent of his collections is not known
to me at this writing. His plants are deposited in the U. S.
National Herbarium, Washington, D. C.

(14"' Mertz & GuTTENBERG. Profs. H. N. ]Mertz and Gustav Guttenberg,
of Wheeling and Pittsburg, collected extensively from 1877 to
1888 through all the northern counties of the State from Wheel-
ing to Harpers Ferry. They published, in 1878, "A Check List
of the Plants of A\'est Virginia" in which they enumerated 590
species. Their collections are deposited in the herbarium of the
Carnegie ^Museum, Pittsburg.

(15) Mertz & Jones. Prof. H. N. Mertz and Miss Hattie Jones made a

comprehensive collection of the plants of Cranberry Summit,
Preston County, in 1878. Their specimens are preserved in the
herbarium of the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburg.

(16) Prof. CHAfRLE)s R(eid) Barnes, late professor of Physiological

Botany, University of Chicago, spent a short time, in June. 1879,
collecting along the Kanawha River from Charleston to Gauley
Bridge, principally in the neighborhood of Charleston. His
collections are in the Herbarium of Wabash College. (See his
"Xotcs from West Virginia" in Botanical Gazette Vol. 4:181-2,
1879).

(17) Prof. John :M(erle) Coulter, Professor of Botany, University of

Chicago, conducted, while Professor of Biology at Wabash Col-
lege. Indiana, an excursion of his class in Geology, to the mining
regions of southern West Virginia, in 1879. On this trip he
collected a few interesting plants from Charleston, Kanawha
County, to Gauley Bridge, Fayette County. His specimens are
deposited in the herbarium of Wabash College.

(18) Captain John Donnell-Smith spent his summers, from 1879 to

1882. at Oakland, Md., from whence he made occasional short
trips to various points in West Virginia, especially those reached
by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. During these excursions he
collected such plants as appeared to be of special interest, par-
ticularly at Tygarts Valley, Mannington and Grafton. His plants
are in his private herbarium now deposited in the U. S. National
Herbarium, Washington, D. C.

(19) C(yRUs) G(uernsey) Pringle, the noted botanical collector, late of

Charlotte. Vt., made a small but interesting collection at White
Sulphur Springs, in Greenbrier County, and in the neighborhood
of Ronceverte, in Faj'ette County, in 1880. The exact number of
his specimens is not known to me at this writing; they are de-
posited in his private herbarium now at the University of Ver-
mont.

(20) Porter & Redfield. Prof. Tho(ma)s C(onrad) Porter and Mr.

JCohn) H(oward) Rediield collected from White Sulphur
Springs. Greenbrier County, to Hawks Nest, Fayette County, in
1880. The numerical strength of their separate collections I
have not been able to determine. Prof. Porter's plants are in
the herbarium of Lafayette College, Easton, Pa. : those of Mr.

6 THE WEST \IR<;iXIA FLORA

Redfield in the herbarium of the Phihidelphia Academy of
Sciences.

(21) Dr. Aug(ustine) D(awson) Selby, Botanist of the Ohio Agricul-

tural Experiment Station, collected plants in 1885 to 1887 in his
neigliborhood while Superintendent of Schools at Huntington.
Cabell County. He also extended his plant observations up the
Kanawha River as far as Kanawha Falls in Fayette County.
His plants are in his private herbarium.

(22) S(amuel) B(oari)man) Brown, Professor of Geology, West Vir-

ginia University, formerly Principal of the Normal School at
Glenville, collected a large number of plants in Berkeley and
Gilmer counties from 1885 to 1890. Of these he preserved about
100 specimens which are still in his possession.

(23) (Charles) David White, Geologist of the U. S. Geological Survey,

while engaged in paleoliotanical collection in various portions of
the State from 1880 to 1894, collected a few recent plants, princi-
pally ferns ; these are deposited in the U. S. National Herbarium,
Washington, D. C.

(24) Miss Verona Mapel, then Preceptress of the High School at Glen-

ville, Gilmer County, collected largely in her immediate neigh-
borhood from 1888 to 1901. Her material, consisting of about
355 species (not including common weeds nor the grasses and
sedges), is deposited in the herbarium of the school mentioned.

(25) Dr. Rosencrans Workman, a Physician at Bayard, Mineral County,

collected a representative series of the flowering plants of his
immediate neighborhood from 1888 to 1891. His material (which
he loaned me for examination in 1891) is in his private pos-
session.

(26) WiNFiELD E. Hill, notes in "Garden and Forest" (Vol. 3: 182-183.

1890), a few plants from Fairview, Hancock County, observed
in 1889. Whether he has preserved a collection of plants from
his region I am unable to determine at this writing.

(27) Dr. H(amilton) McS( parkin) Gamble, a Physician at Moorefield.

Hardy County, did considerable herbalizing in connection with
zoological field work in the valley of the South Branch of the
Potomac River, and its water shed in Hardy, Grant, Mineral and
Hampshire counties from 1889 to 1910. He donated his plant
collection of 157 species (in 1891) to the herbarium of the W'est
Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, at Morgantown, where
it is now deposited.

(28) M(erton) B(enway) Waite, Pathologist, Bureau of Plant Indus-

try, U. S. Department of Agriculture, spent about a week, in
1889, in Fayette and Greenbrier Counties, in the collection of
parasitic fungi. He secured about 300 numbers at Kanawha Falls
and about 200 at White Sulphur Springs. As his plants were
distributed in the herbarium of the Bureau, unlisted, they are
unfortunately unavailable for this publication. In 1911 he col-
lected a few numbers of like material in Berkeley County, near
Gerrardstown ; and Morgan County, at Sleepy Creek, Paw Paw
and Hancock. His plants are deposited, as above indicated, in
the herbarium of the U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY • 7

(28a) W (alter) B(ruce) Nutter, an attorney-at-law of Buckhannon,
collected for his personal pleasure in Upshur, Lewis, Gilmer and
Randolph Counties from 1890 to 1897. His herbarium of about
700 specimens is in his personal possession.

(29) Dr. J(ohn) K(unkel) Small, of the New York Botanical Garden,

spent about a week in the neighborhood of Cumberland, Mary-
land, with special reference to collecting in the contiguous Penn-
sylvania field in 1890. During this work he made several trips
across the Potomac River into Mineral County, where he col-
lected about 50 specialized plants; these are now in the her-
barium of the New York Botanical Garden. (See also Small ft
Brown).

(30) Mrs. N. L. Britton (E. G. Britton) collected a number of mosses

in August, 1890, in the neighborhood of White Sulphur Sprmgs,
(jreenbrier County. These are deposited in the Moss Herbarium
of the New York Botanical Garden.

(31) Dr. C(harles) FCrederick) Millspaugh, Curator of Botany, Field

Museum of Natural History, Chicago, began in 1890 a systematic
survey of the plant life of the State. In the work he visited
several localities in nearly every county. On one trip he drove
through Wood, Wirt, Calhoun, Gilmer. Lewis, Upshur, Randolph,
W^ebster, Nicholas, Fayette, Kanawha, Putnam and Jackson
counties collecting leisurely througkout. During his field work,
covering two seasons, he collected 1580 numbers; these are pre-
served in the herbarium at the West Virginia Experiment Station
with more or less full duplicate sets in the herbarium of the New
York Botanical Garden and that of the Field Museum of Natural
History. (See his "Preliminary Catalogue of the Flora of West
Virginia 1891" and "Flora of West Virginia 1896").

(32) Dr. N(athaniel) L(ord) Britton collected one day in August,

1890, in the neighborhood of White Sulphur Springs, securing
about 40 interesting numbers ; he again collected the same region
in 1898, obtaining about the same number of specimens. Both
of these collections are deposited in the herbarium of the New
York Botanical Garden. (See Allen & Britton).

(33) Mr. L(awrence) W(illiam) Nuttall, then a mine owner at Nut-

tallburg, Fayette County, spent most of his spare time from
business duties, from 1890 to 1898. in botanical field and labora
tory work on the Flora of his neighborhood. His large collec-
tions, mostly of fungi, are m his private herbarium though a con-
siderable duplicate series including his types in Lichenes are in
the herbarium of the Field Museum of Natural History. His
types in Fungi are in the Ellis Herbarium, now at the New York
Botanical Garden. (See Millspaugh & Nuttall, "Flora of West
Virginia"").

(31) Small & Brown. Hon. Addison Brown and Dr. J. K. Small spent
about a week, in Tulv. 1892. in Greenbrier County, in an explora-
tion of Kates Mountain and the vicinity of White Sulphur
Springs. The resulting material, about 150 plants, is now in the
herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden.

(35) Dr. ACndrew) DfELMAR) Hopkins, Forest Entomologist of the U.
S. Department of Agriculture, has taken special interest in col-

5 • Tin-: \VI-:.s|" \1RGIXIA il.ORA

Iccting unusual plants during bis many trips in various portion'^
of the State, from 1892 to 1902, in pursuit of his entomological
studies. His plants are deposited in the herbarium of the West
Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, with duplicates in the
Herbarium of the Field Museum of Natural History.

(36) Prof. A(mo.s) A(rthur) Heller, of the University of Xevada, did

considerable plant collection on Kates Mountain and the neigh-
borhood of \Vhite Sulphur Springs in Greenbrier County in 189!!.
x\ set of his plants is deposited in the herbarium of the Field
Museum of Natural History with the balance of his private her-
barium.

(37) L(ee) C(leveland) Corbett, while engaged in forest held work

for the West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, collected
a number of plants from 1894 lo 1896; these are in the herbarium
of the Station.

(38) \V(illiam) Mc(C.\lly) Pollock, while a student at i!'o Univer-

sity of West Virginia, collected largely, from 189;j to 1897, in
Lewis, Upshur, Preston, Pocahontas, Taylor and Wood c^'inties,
and from 1898 to 1899 in Monongalia County. The full num-
ber of plants he secured amounted to about 1700 specimens. His
prime series was accidentally destroyed. Sets of over a ■iuni-
dred duplicates are in the herl)aria of the Field Museum ol
Natural History, New York Botanical Garden, and 'J S.
National Museum.

(39) W(illiam) E(arle) Rumsey, of the Department of Entomology.

University of West Virginia, collected a considerable number
of plants in various parts of the State while engaged in ento-
mological field work, from 1894 to 1899. His plants are in the
herbarium of the West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station

(40) Allen & Britton. Drs. T. F. Allen and Nathaniel L. Britton

collected for one full day in May, 1897, in the neighborhood
of White Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier Covmty. They secured
from 40 to 50 species of especial interest, which were deposited
in the herbarium of Columbia University, now a part of the
herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden. (See also
1872 T. F. Allen, and 1890 N. L. Britton).

(41) Rev. a. Boutlou, of Fairmont, Marion County, spent consid-

erable of his spare time, from 1897 to 1907, in botanizing in
his immediate neighborhood and in Taylor, Monongalia and
Preston Counties. His collections are in his private possession
though many of his interesting finds are represented in the
herbarium of the Field Museum of Natural History.

(42) Prof. Edw(ard) L(ee) Greene, of the U. S. National Herbarium,

has spent a day or so once or twice each year, from 1897 to
July, 1912, in Jefferson County, in the vicinity of Harpers
Ferry. His collecting in this region has been of a highly dis-
criminating character, confined to selecting only such plants as
appeared to differ from the usual form. His specimens are in
the U. S. National Herbarium, with a few particularly inter-
esting duplicates in the herbarium of the Field Museum of
Natural History.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 9

(43,; Edward S(triebv) Steele spent the latter half of August and
the first half of September, 1898, collecting, with the aid of
Sirs. Steele, in the neighborhood of Aurora, Preston County.
He secured about 325 numbers, the first set of which he de-
posited in the U. S. Xaticnal Herbarium.

In 1903, and again in 1905, he collected near Old Sweet
Springs, Monroe County ; in 1906 he spent one day at White
Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier County, searching particularly for
plants of the genus Laciniaria. In 1910, while collecting in
Garret County, ^Maryland, he utilized a small part of his time
gathering specimens across the line in Grant County, W. Va. ;
this he also did in 1911, in Hardy County, while occupied prin-
cipally on the Virginia slopes of North Mountain, near Orkney
Springs. Those later collections are also deposited in the U. S.
National Herbarium, Washington.

(44) Pollard & Maxon. Charles L(ouis) Pollard and William R(alph)

Maxon collected during the latter part of August, 1899, in
Fayette County, near Quinnimont and in Summers County,
near Lowell. Of the 125 numbers they secured about 30 were
new to the Flora of the State as known at that date. Their
plants are deposited in the U. S. National Herbarium, Wash-
ington, D. C. (See "Proceedings of the Biological Society of
Washington, Vol. 14:161-163).

(45) E(dward) L(yman) Morris, Curator, Brooklyn Institute Museum,

while engaged in field work for the U. S. Fish Commission in
1900, made a collection of plants in that region of the State
lying south of the New, Greenbrier and Kanawha Rivers in
Summers, Monroe, Mercer, McDowell, Raleigh and Wyoming
Counties. His collection of 397 numbers was made in July and
August of a particularly dry season ; it is deposited in the
National Herbarium, Washington, D. C. (See his "Some
Plants of West Virginia'' in the Bulletin of the Biological So-
ciety of Washington, Vol. 13:171-182 (1900).

(46) Henry C(urtis) Beardslee spent the Summer of 1900 collecting

principally fleshy fungi, in the neighborhood of Brookside, Pres-
ton County. His collections, numbering about 600 specimens, are
in his private herbarium at Asheville, N. C. (See his "Notes
on the Boleti of West Virginia" in "Torreya."' Vol. 1:37-39).

(47) Captain K. D. Walker, of Fairmont, West Virginia, contributed

a few plants of his collecting to the West Virginia Experiment
Station, in 1891. They are from Little Falls, Monongalia County,
and are deposited in the herbarium of the Station.

(48) C(uRTis) G(ates) Lloyd, of the Lloyd Herbarium, Cincinnati,

Ohio, collected for about a fortnight at Eglon, Preston County,
in 1901. His specimens, princioally fungi, are preserved in the
Lloyd Herbarium, Cincinnati, Ohio.

(49) Prof. W"(illiam) A(shbrook) Kellerman, late professor of

Botany in the University of Ohio, collected, principally fungi
at Durbin and Marlinton, Pocahontas County, in August, 1902.
I am unfortunately unable to establish the extent of or locate his
specimens at this time.

10 Tin: \vi;sr \'iKt;iNiA floka

(50) Prof. A(lbert) S(pear) Hitchcock, Agrostologist of the U. S.

Department of Agriculture, made small but discriminative col-
lections, mostly of grasses, in the neighborhood of Morgantown,
Monongalia County, in 1902, and Harpers Ferry, in Jefferson,
in 1905. His plants are in the herbarium of the Department
in Washington.

(51) F(rei)) E(knest) Brooks, of the U. S. Bureau of Entomology,

traveled extensively throughout the State engaged in field
work for the Bureau, from 1902 to 1912. During that work he
collected such plants as appeared of particular interest. His
plant collection is deposited in the herbaria of Prof. John L.
Sheldon and the West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Sta-
tion ; both at Morgantown.

(52) Kenneth K(ent) Mackenzie, Esqr., collected, from August 27th

to September 9th, 1903, in (jreenbrier County, in the vicinity
of White Sulphur Springs and Kates Mountain. He secured
187 numbers of interesting plants, among which is his new
genus in the parsley family ( Psciidofaciiidia). His prime set
of plants is in his private herbarium and a full series of dupli-
cates in that of the New York Botanical Garden.

(53) C(harles) L. Boynton, of the Biltmore Herbarium, collected.

during the month of June, 1903, at Huntington, Kenova, Milton,
St. Albans, Saltes, Charleston, Eastbank, Gauley Bridge, Thur-
mond, Hinton and White Sulphur Springs ; revisiting the latter
place in October. In May and September 1904 he again collected
in the neighborhood of White Sulphur Springs and Tuckahoe.
His total gatherings amounted to 295 plant numbers, the prime
set being deposited in the Biltmore Herbarium.

(54) Dr. A(lbert) LeRoy Andrews, while connected with the West

Virginia University from 1903 to 1904. collected in many locali-
ties in Monongalia and Preston Cotmties. He specialized in the
Bryophytes. His plants are principally in the herbaria of the
Experiment Station at Morgantown and at Williams College, and
in his private herbarium. (See his "Additions to the Bryophytic
Flora of West Virginia", in "The Bryologist", Vol. 8 : 63-6.1
1905).

(5^) John L(ewis) Sheldon, Professor of Botany and Bacteriology at
the University of West Virginia, has made discriminative and
specialized collections in the State, covering principally the
counties of Monongalia, Preston, Greenbrier, Monroe, Pocahon-
tas, Berkeley, Jefferson, Randolph, and all those along the Ohio
River, from 1903 to 1912. His field work has added a large num-
ber of species to the previously known Flora ; these are indicated
in the text of this work. Prof. Sheldon's prime set of 4454
numbers is deposited in his private herbarium at Morgantown,
where it is freely utilized by his classes at the University. Hi';
collections consist largely of cryptogams. (See "The Bryologist,"
Vol. X:S0-84; Vol. XIH :64-65 for his "Additional West ^Vir-
ginia Hepaticae." and "Species of Hepaticae Known to Occur in
West Virginia.")

Dr. Sheldon has contributed to this Flora full lists of al!
the fungi of his herbarium that have passed imder the critical
examination of specialists in the various groups. He has also

WEST \-IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

II

sent in for examination unusual species of his flowering plants
and in other ways assisted materially in this compilation.

(56) The following names that appear now and then upon the labels of
plants in the herbarium of Prof. Sheldon are either those of his
students or incidental correspondents. As one or more of their
few plants may find publication or stray into some other her-
barium, I have considered it best to make the following record
of the names :

Alderson, R. W.
Allen, E. A.
Atwood, Horace
Bacon, Nathaniel
Bargerhuff, A.
Beale, J. M.
Behrens, Ed.
Bender, I. L.
Bonner, C. M.
Boord, J.
Bowers, J. F.
Brake, W. E.
Britton, L. S.
Brooks, C. L.
Brooks, Earle A.
Brooks, Len
Carroll, H. D.
Chappell. A. M.
Cooper, H. E.
Cross, E. L.
Crow, C. S.
Curtis, A. W.
Cutright, Frank
Docherty, S. W.
Dodd, D. R.
Dumire, Mrs. George
Emmart, L. P.
Fenton, Winnifred B.
Fidler, J. Z.
Fleshman, H. F.
Fling, Miss Eva M.

Fram, T. J.
Gibson, H. B.
Grose, E. R.
Groves, H. D.
Hall. William McG.
Hartley, Carl P.
Heavner, M. M.
Heck, A. T.
Henson. Miss A. M
Hodges, Charles E.
Hoff, E. B.
Holman, Lucien
Humphreys, H. C.
Hunter, Glenn
Hurley, J. J.
Johnson, R. W.
Johnson, T. C.
Keister, John D.
Kline, C. S.
Lambert, F. B.
Larkin. Finney L.
Lewis, C. C.
Lewis, E. M.
Lindsley. Miss
Lively, E. L.
McCutcheon, R. P.
Martin, C. S.
Maxwell, W. B.
Merrick, C. D.
Moffatt, B. H.
Moore. Lewis M.

Moore, S. W.
Xolan, A. W.
Pollock, J. F.
Portmess, E. T.
Post, A. Lee
Sheldon, Clara Fleming
Shimer, S. S.
Showers, George E.
Shull. C. L.
Shunk, L V. D.
Smahz, R. B.
Smith, N. S.
Staats, Miss Georgia L.
Stalnaker, J. J.
Starcher, G. C.
Stewart, J. \V.
Stewart, R. H.
Stewart, W. R. P.
Stutzman, John
Summers, T. B.
Swank, G. L.
Swisher, J. A. H.
Thatcher, J. N.
Thompson, S. M.
Vanorsdale, M. A.
Warden. T. M.
Welton, C. B.
White. C. S.
Wilcox, C. S.
Wolfe, E. O.
Wood, A. N.

(57) Dr. J (esse) M(ore) Greenman, Assistant Curator of the Depart-

ment of Botany, Field ^Museum of Natural History, spent the
month of September, 1904, collecting at the following stations:
Parsons and Hendricks in Tucker County; Dry Fork, Horton,
Spruce Knob, Elkins, Read, Whitmar. Glady, Harman. and
Huttonsville. in Randolph County ; and Travelers Repose in
Pocahontas County. The prime set of his collection, consisting
of about 400 numbers (1500) specimens, is in the Gray Her-
barium, Cambridge. Mass. ; and a nearly full duplicate set in
the herbarium of the Field Museum of Natural History.

(58) Albert H(anford) Moore, of Cambridge, Mass., collected with Dr.

J. M. Greenman in 1904, over the same route and gathering
substantially the same species. His collection is in his private
herbarium.

12 TIIF. WEST \IR(iiNlA FLORA

(j9; Frank F(rrcH) Grout, while connected with the West Virginia
Geological Survey as Chemist, collected a number of plants in
various parts of the State, from 1904 to 1906, especially parasitic
fungi. His collections are in the herbarium of Prof. Sheldon
and that of the West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station.

(60) fluROx H(erbekt) Smith, Assistant in Dendrology at the Field
Museum of Natural History, collected, in 1908, 246 numbers in
Randolph, Webster, Nicholas, Lewis, Upshur and Wood Coun-
ties. His species, most of which are indicated in the following
catalogue, are deposited in the herbarium of the Museum.

(Gl) O(tto) E(mery) Jennings, Botanist at the Carnegie ^Museum,
Pittsburg, made a collection of plants in Monongalia County
along the Monongahela River from Lock 9 to Morgantown,
Mont Chateau and Coopers Rocks, in 1909. His specimens are
deposited in the herbarium of the Carnegie Museum.

(62) W(illiam) W(ebster) Eggleston collected from 1909 to 1911

with a view of securing all possible material in the Pomaceae
gathering also a considerable number of other plants that
appeared to be of particular interest. He collected his numbers
4317-4372 at White Sulphur Springs in 1909 ; 5514-5551 at Gauley
Bridge in 1909 ; 5552-5562 near Thurmond 1909 ; 5563-5587 near
Hinton and 5588-5593 at White Sulphur Springs the same year.
In 1911 he collected again at White Sulphur Springs (7761-
7767). His material is deposited in the herbarium of the New
York Botanical Garden.

(63) ]\Ir. A(lonzo) B(eecher) Brooks, while occupied in amassing

data for Volume V, of this Survey, collected a considerable
number of particularly interesting plants, from 1909 to 1911,
especially of the Glade Regions of the northern and north-
eastern sections of the State. The material that he preserved
is deposited in the herbarium of the West Virginia University,
at Morgantown. (See "West Virginia Geological Survey, Vol.
V, 1911).

(64) I have seen labels, bearing the following names, upon plants

collected in recent years in the State ; but have not yet been

able to secure details as to the extent of the collections they

appear to indicate :

Brown, William H.

Hayes, N. S.

Hinzman, W. W.

McCartney, H.

Morse.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

13

INDEX TO COLLECTORS.

(The numbers following the names refer
paragraphs.)

Aikin, W. E. A. 4a
Alderson, R. W. 56
Allen, E. A. 56
Allen, T. F. 11, 40

Greenman, J. M. 57.
Grose, E. R. 56
Grout, F. F. 59
Groves, H. D. 56

Andrews, A. LeRoy 54 Guttenberg, G. 14
Atwood, Horace 5G Hall, W. McG. 56

Bacon, N. 56
Bargerhuff, A. 56
Barnes, C. R. 16
Beale, J. M. 56
Beardslee, H. C. 46
Behrens, Ed. 56
Bender, L L. 56
Bonner, C. M. 56
Boord,J. 56
Boutelou, A. 41
Bowers, J. F. 56
Boynton, C. L. 53
Brake, W. E. 56
Brewer, W. H. 8
Britton, E. G. 30
Britton, L. S. 56
Britton, N. L. 32, 40
Brooks, A. B. 63
Brooks, C. L. 56
Brooks, E. A. 56
Brooks, E. E. 51
Brooks, L. 56
Brown, Ad. 34
Brown, S. B. 22
Brown, W. H. 64
Canby, W. M. 9
Carroll, H. D. 56
Chappell, A. W. 56
Cooper, H. E. 56
Corbett, L. C. 37
Coulter, J. M. 17
Cross, E. L. 56
Crow, C. S. 56
Curtis, A. W. 56
Cutright, F. 56
Docherty, S. W. 56
Dodd, D. R. 56
Dunmire, Mrs. G. 56
Eggleston, W. W. 62
Emmart, L. P. 56
Fenton, W. B. 56
Fidler, J. Z. 56
Fleshman, H. F. 56
Fling, E. M. 56
Fram, T. J. 56
Gamble, H. McS. 27
Gibson, H. B. 56
Gray, Asa 5, 6
Greene, E. L. 42

56

Hartley, C. P. 56
Hayes, N. S. 64
Heavner, M. M. 56
Heck, A. T. 56
Heller, A. A. 36
Henson, A. M. 56
Hill, W. E. 26
Hinzman, W. W. 64
Hitchcock, A. S. 50
Hodges, C. E. 56
Hoff, E. B. 56
Holman, L. 56
Holton, L F. 7
Hopkins, A. D. 35
Humphreys, H. C.
Hunter, G. 56
Hurley, J. J. 56
James, J. F. 12
Jennings. O. E. 61
Johnson, R. W. 56
Johnson, T. C. 56
Jones, H. 15
Keister, J. D. 56
Kellerman, W. A. 49
Kin, M. 2
Kine, C. S. 56
Lambert, F. B. 56
Larkin, F. L. 56
Lewis, C. C. 56
Lewis, E. M. 56
Lindsley, Miss 56
Lively, E. L. 56
Lloyd, C. G. 48
McCartney, H. 64
McCutcheon, R. P. 56
Mackenzie, K. K. 52
Mapel, V. 24
Martin, C. S. 56
Maxon, W. R. 44
Maxwell, W. B. 56
Merriam, J. S. 10
Merrick, C. D. 56
Mertz, H. N. 14, 15
jMichaux, A. 1
Millspaugh, C. F. 31
Moffatt, B. H. 56
Moore, A. H. 58
Moore, L. M. 56
]\Ioore, S. W. 56

to those of the preceding

Morris, E. L. 45
Morse 64
Nolan, A. W. 56
Nuttall, L. VV. 33
Nutter, VV. B. 2Sa
Pollard, C. L. 44
Pollock, J. F. 56
Pollock, vV. M. 38
Porter, T. C. 20
Portmess, E. T. 56
Post, A. L. 56
Pringle, C. G. 19
Pursh, F. 3
Ratinesque, C. S. 4
Redtield, J. H. 20
Richardson, E. 13
Rumsey, \V. E. 39
Selby, A. D. 21
Sheldon, C. F. 56
Sheldon, J. L. 55
Shinier, S. S. 56
Showers, G. E. 56
Shull, C. L. 56
Shunk, L V. D. 56
Small, J. K. 29, 34
Smaltz, R. B. 56
Smith, H. H. 60
Smith, J. D. 18
Smith, N. S. 56
Staats, G. L. 56
Stalnaker, J. J. 56
Starcher, G. C. 56
Steele, E. S. 43
Stewart, J. W. 56
Stewart, R. H. 56
Stewart, W. R. P. 56
Stutzman, J. 56
Sullivan, W. S. 6
Summers, T. B. 56
Swank, G. L. 56
Swisher, J. A. H. 56
Thatcher, J. N. 56
Thompson, S. M. 56
Vanorsdale, M. A. 56
Waite, M. B., 28
Walker, K. D. 47
Warden, J. M. 56
Welton, C. B. 56
White, C. S. 56
White, D. 23
Wilcox, C. S. 56
Wolfe, E. O. 56
Wood, A. N. 56
Workman, R. 25

14 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

As in the preliminary catalogue, all species that have been
described from known West Virginia types are republished in full.

SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE FLORA.

The distribution of plants within the boundaries of the State
is wonderfully comprehensive. Canada places representatives of
her boreal flora upon its Alleghanian mountain tops, some that
have even passed by the States of New York, New Jersey, Penn-
vania, Delaware and Maryland in the transit ; the Southern States
contribute to its flora through the influence of the mysteriotis
New River on the southeast ; the great trunk lines of railway, as
well as the open condition of the western border line along the
Ohio River, give entrance to individuals of a migratory character
from the Western Plains ; and from some not readily accountable
reason many Eastern forms, and even coast line species stray
within its limits.

Of the noteworthy species we connect in Anemone trifolia,
L., Canby's and Curtiss' Virginian stations with Knipe's Penn-
sylvanian, and that in a direct and sequential manner through
the State. Our elevations for this species range from 850 to
2,300 feet. Trantvetteria Carolinensis (Walt.), Vail, is to be
found along all such mountain rills as are deeply shaded, at alti-
tudes above 1,000. We extend the Manual distribution of Caltha
pahistris, L., southward nearly one degree, by finding it quite
plentiful in the mountains of Randolph County, where Isopynim
trifoliatum (L.) Britt., keeps it company. Hellehorus viridis, L.,
has its most western station on the north branch of the Potomac
River, in Hardy County, whence it was first reported to Dr. Gray
by Dr. Gamble, of Moorefield. Aconitnm uncinatum, L., is at
home all along the banks of Cheat River, at altitudes varying
from 780 to 3,550 feet. Both species of Actaca are to be met
with on the higher Alleghanies, where Cimicifuga Americana,
Mx., is the principal representative of the tribe.

Magnolia Fraseri, Walt., is a striking vernal feature of the
whole Alleghanian region, while tripetala and acnmiiiata are
common. Berbcris Canadensis^ Mill, becomes a veritable weed
in many fields in the southern portion of the State, vying with
Papaver diihiitm, L., and Glaiiciuni Glaucimn (L.), Karst, in the

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 1 5

northeastern section. Biciiculla eximina (L.), Millsp., we have
found only upon the highest peaks of the AUeghanies.

Of the rambhng crucifers, Sisynihrinin Thaliana (L.) Celak,
finds a home in Fayette County, and Lepidinm campestre (L.),
R. Br., is the worst and most prevalent weed in the cultivated
portions of the northeastern section.

Nearly all the violets lend their beauty to the adornment of
the woods and meadows ; Viola pedata, var. bicolor, Pursh., with
flowers as large as the cultivated pansy and fully as beautiful, is
frequent among the Devonian shales of the northeast; Viola
primulac folia, L., comes in from the coast as far as four degrees;
and Viola hastata, Mx., is quite plentiful in the southern section.

Although Slda hcnnaphrodita (L.), Rusby, has not been
found in the AUeghanies as yet, it is not at all rare along the
New and Great Kanawha Rivers, from Quinnimont to the Ohio,
and thence down that river to the limits of the State. Hibiscus
Moschetitos, L., is found not only along the bottoms of the Great
Kanawha, but also in the northeastern part of the State, while
H. Trionnm, L., is a quite common weed in gardens.

All of the native species of Acscnlus, together with the var.
hyhrida of ocfandra, are found in the State. Ailanthtis glandu-
losits is becoming a most troublesome weed in many sections,
especially in the northern counties.

Among the Leguminals we have re-discovered Astragalus
Carolinianus, L., which from our specimens is considered by
Professor Britton to be indistinct from A. Canadensis, L., and
as it has priority of publication, the latter well-known name
becomes a synonym. Another important discovery in this genus
is that A. distortiis, T. and G., habits the Devonian shales of
Hard}^ County, the only station known for the species east of
the Mississippi valley. This species is here associated with
Opiintia polyacanfha. Haw, in great quantity, giving this peculiar
spot in the AUeghanies much the appearance of an arid waste
in Arizona. Stylosaiitlics hainata (L.), Britt., here ventures
farther east than has heretofore been supposed, and finds con-
genial soil along New River in Fayette County. Lespedeza
striata (Thunb.), H. & A., spreads profusely throughout the
southwestern portion of the State. A new clover, TrifoUnm

l6 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Virgiiiicuui, Small, has been discovered in Greenbrier County, by
Mr. J. K. Small.

The roses are striking- in the many new forms thcv produce ;
Rubus JMillspanglii, Britt., is so profuse in the mountains of
Pocahontas and Pendleton Counties that, according to the moun-
taineers and hunters, it is upon it that the bears depend princi-
pally for fattening food prior to hibernation. Rubus Canadensis
roribaccus, Baily, the Leucretia dewberry, came originally from
Randolph County. Another peculiar Rubus (R. Coluinbianus
Millsp., has 5 to 7-incised leaves of striking character. A new
Spirea (S. J-lrginiana, Britt.), grows plentifully within half a
mile of the University at Morgantown. Mercer County in the
southern section of the State, presents a wonderful array of
Crategi : C. spathulata. C. cordata, C. apiifolia, C. coccinea, C.
tomentosa, C. punctata. C. Crus-galli, C. flava and its variety
pnbcsccns, and C. itniflora were all found during one day's
botanizing in this section.

Of the Calycanths we have all, even the two species recorded
"Virginia doubtful" in the Manual.

Of the saxifrages we have notably, Astilbc dccandra, Don.,
Saxifraga crosa, Pursh., Boykinia aconitifolia, Nutt., Hcuchcra
villosa, ]\Ix., and H. Americana, L., and even the Laboradorian
Ribes prostrotuni, L' Her.

Sedum Piilclielluni, Xezni, ternatiini, telepJiioides, and tele-
phium, are with us. The beautiful Liqiiidanibar Styraciflua ex-
tends limitedly down the Gauley and Great Kanawha. The
Onagracese yield a new form in Ludzi'egia alfernifolia, L., var.
linearifoiia, Britt. The purple and yellow passion-flowers (P.
hitea, L., and, incarnata, L.) grace the thickets.

Passing many minor forms, the Compositre gives us E!e-
pJiantopns Carolinianus, Willd., and tonuvitosns. L. (called, as a
weed, "The Devil's Grandmother") ; Eupaforiuni, coeJeslinuni, L.,
profuse: Solidago Curtisii. S. rupestris, and RiddelUi, Silphiiini
perfoliafuni, L. ; Rndbeckia speciosa. Wend.; HeliantJius grosse-
serratits, Mart., H. doronicoidcs, Lam., and H. laevigatus, T. and
G. ; Verbesina Virginica, L. ; Cacalia snai'eolens, reniforniis, and
atriplicifolia; Cnicus Virginianus, and ptiinilus, Torr. ; Cichorium
Intybns, L. ; Tragopogon porrifolius, L. ; Hieraeiuin Canadense,

WEST NIRCINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 17

Mx., and loiigipiluin, Terr, (extending- both) ; and Chondrilla
juncea, L., called, as a weed, "Naked-weed, Skeleton-weed."

The interesting bell-worts are : the white form of Lobelia
syphilitica, L., and the rare Campanula divaricata, AIx.

Of the rarer heaths Schollcra crythrocarpa, Mx., grows on
the highest peak of the Alleghanies, alt. 4,800 ft. ; Chiogenes
his/^idiila at the Falls of Blackwater ; Mcnzicsia globularis Salisb.,
Clcfhra acuminata, Mx., Moncscs grandiHora, Salisb., and all
tJic Rhododendrons except Rhodora and Lapponicum; even the
rare R. cancsccns (]\Lx.), Porter, being found along the Cacapon
River.

Naiimbergia tJiyrsiflora is found in Upshur Countv and
Mohrodendron Carolinum (called Shittim-wood) is plentiful
along the Gauley and Xew Rivers. Polemonium Van-Bruntiae_
Britt., comes south to our flora, as well as all the Hydrophyllums,
together with Pliacclia Pursliii, Buck, and parvifloya, Pursh.

The beautiful morning-glories, Impomoea coccinea, liedera-
cea, purpurea, and pandurata, are all too plentiful as weeds here;
and Cuscuta glomerata, Gronovii and Epithymuin. have been
found sparingl)-. Physalis viscosa, L.. steals away from "near
the coast" and is found along the Ohio River, keeping company
with Lycium vulgarc, Dun., and Physalodes Physaloides; Gaertn.

The notable Scropliularias are : CoUinsia vcrna, Xutt., Chelone
obliqua, L., and Pcntstemon cancscens. Of the mints we have
notably: Koellia verticilata, clinopodioides. pycanthemoidcs, and
montana. The other mints worthy of remark are: Mcchania
cordata, Clinopodium vulgarc, Scutellaria saxatilis, serrata, iiicarm,
parvula, and nervosa: Marrubium vulgarc, Galeopsis tetrahit, and
Stachys palustris and cordata.

Of the ten Euphorbias the most notable are E. Darlingtonii
and E. Glyptospcrma, var., pubescens, Engl., the latter not having
been previously found east of Iowa as far as we can learn.

The presence of Quercus ilicifolia, Wang, in Hardy County,
extends the Manual distribution southeastward ; and the southing
of 0. macrocarpa, AIx. is also extended by several stations in the
State.

As to the conifers, we have about 270,000 acres of Picea
Mariana, a few representatives of Abies balsamea. Thuya occi-

t8 the west Virginia I'Lora

dentalis, and several species of Pinus, as well as a few scant
growths of Ta.rus Minor.

Among the sedges the principal item of interest is the re-
discovery in Fayette County of what was doubtless the original
type station of Carex Fraseri, And.

Of the Equisetaccae the most notable form so far found is
E. laevigatuin, Braun., gathered in the southernmost part of the
State thus extending its distribution southeastward.

Of the Filiccs, the rarer forms found with us are : Polypo-
dium polypodioides; PcUaca atropurpurca in great quantities in
the southern section; Asplciiiuin phuiatiUdum, montaiinin (plen-
tiful) and angustifolium; Dryoptcris Goldicana, and marginalis
Cystopteris bulbifera: Dicksonia punctilohida; and strange to say
on the summit of Spruce Knob at an altitude of 4,800 ft.
Dryoptcris fragrans, in such great quantity that it is cut and
stacked for fodder, this species being greatly relished by cattle.

Lycopodium luciduhim, L., annotinum, L., ohscurum and its
var. dendroidcum, L., clavattim, and L. complanatum are all
found in the forests of "black spruce along the Alleghanies.

In the mosses, hepatics, and lichens, but little collecting has
so far been done, no systemic searches having been made for
specimens in these classes of plants. In the search for hepatics
incidental to other exploration, in Mercer County, the dry bald
face of a large limestone cave yielded a new species in Plagio-
chila Virginica Evans, as well as a rarity in the eastern flora of
the United States, Radida Xalapcnsis, Mont. Among the mosses
we have been rewarded in our itinerant work by finding two new
forms Dicranodontiitni J^irginicits, Britt. m. and D. Millspaughi
Britt. m., as well as numerous noteworthy species.

Beside these unique forms, we report many species from our
region that have not been before credited to the flora of North
America, include many hitherto unpublished asci and spore
measurements of species otherwise well described, and have
transferred many not before well understood.

The host plants have proven also to be of special interest in
that many of them yield certain species for the first time in the
mycologic literature of this country, and many others pose as
altogether new to Host Indices.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I9

THE SYLVA.

The State is very happily located for the growth of forests,
being in the favored belt of temperature between about 37° and
41° north latitude. Within its boundaries trending northeast and
southwest, thus opening the country to the damp, warm winds
from the Gulf, are numerous ranges of the great Appalachian, or
Atlantic highlands, but by far the larger portion of the State lies
on the westward slope of these mountains in the trans-Appala-
chian belt, the waters of which chiefly run northwestward and
southwestward to the Ohio River. The altitude of the country
descends from the Backbone or Alleghany range of the Appala-
chians, from an altitude of from 2,500 and 4,800 feet to 500 at
the southwestern corner of the State on the Ohio, at Kenova.
and about 600 on the same river at WheeHng. The altitude of
the eastern corner of the State at Harper's Ferry is 2']2 feet;
thus the range of altitudes in the State is from 272 feet to about
4,800, giving a climatic range of 3,728 feet, or the equivalent of
about 16° of latitude; consequently West Virginia has extensive
areas of adaptability for every variety of forest growth that
is found within the limits of the northern States east of the
Rocky Mountains.

The most elevated portion of the State is the great eastern
border of the ridgy plateau from which the trans-Appalachian
country descends, a territory some 200 miles in length from the
headwaters of the Big Sandy to those of the North Branch
Potomac, this region is in the main from 2,500 to 4,800 feet in
altitude, and furnishes a congenial home to the black spruce, the
white pine, and other. evergreen trees peculiar to northern lati-
tudes.

West Virginia has a greater amount of hardwood timber in
its forests than any other State in the Union. A thorough exam-
ination convinces us that nearly or quite two-thirds of the State
remains uncleared, and of this about a million and a half
acres is still in virgin forests where the ax of man has never
found its way, and where magnificent specimens of forest growth
stand thickly side by side and reach a towering height, no finer
view of standing timber may be had within the confines of the
Union. These splendid forests covering over twenty-three thou-
sand square miles yield nearly every species found in the north.

20 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Here trees grow to such size that ordinary methods will not suffice
to handle them, and are frequently so densely compact that the
light of day scarce penetrates their shade, and pathways must he
cut before the ax men can find room to work.

The following list of the trees of the State, giving the
diameter of trunks and width of board yield, is that of the State
exhibit in the F^orestry Building at the World's Columbian Expo-
sition, 1893. The specimens were all gathered, by the author,
during the winter of 1892-3.

Ash (white), Fraxiuus Amcricajia. Logs 40 in., 62 in., 93
in., planks 27 and 33 in., finished boards, plain, 20 and 21 in.,
mottled, 9, 13 and 16 in., figured 9 and 13 in.

Ash (black), F. nigra.

Ash (mountain), Sorbiis Americana. Trunk 8 in.

Ash (prickly), Xantho.vyhim Amcricamim. Trunk 12 in.

A\6.QV {mo\\nt2i\n) , Alnus viridis. Trunk 4 in.

Beech, Fagus atropunicea . Trunks 24 in., 27 in. and 38 in.,
plank 27 in., finished boards 27 and 31 in., quartered boards 7
and 9 in.

Beech (water), Carpinus Caroliniana. Trunk 10 in.

Birch (red), Betnla Icnta. Trunks 34 in., 93 in., 61 in., 48
in., planks 15 and 30 in., finished boards 12 and 16 in., figured
boards 8, 13, and 14 in.

Birch (yellow), Bcfiila Intca. Trunks 34 in., 36 in., 42 in.,
49 m., plank 26 in.

Birch (hybrid), Bctida lento x liitca. Trunk 2 in.

Basswood (white), TiUa Americana. Trunks 32 in., 36 in.,
43 in., 51 in., plank 28 in., finished board 16 in.

Basswood (yellow), Tilia hcterophylla. Trunk 26 in.

Buckeye, Aescnlus glabra. Trunk 29 in.

Buckeye (purple), Ae. octandra hybrida. Trunk 29 in.

Box Elder, Acer Negnndo. Trunk 27 in.

Butternut, Jnglans cincrca. Trunk 12 in.

Balsam Fir, Abies balsamca. Trunk 13 in.

Chestnut, Castanca dentata. Trunks 53 in., 40 in., 62 in.,
78 in., plank 40 in., finished boards 26 in.

Cherry (wild), Prnnus scrotina. Trunks 36 in., 39 in., 48
in,. 53 in., plank 27 in., finished boards 6 and 18 in., bUstered 13,
figured 6 to 19 in., curly 9 to 21 in.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 21

Cherry (wild), Prunus Pcnnsylvanica. Trunk 14 in.

Cucumber, Magnolia acuminata. Trunk 35 in., plank 26 in.

Cottonwood, Popuhis monilifcra. Trunk 26 in.

Crab (wild), Pyrus coronaria. Trimk 8 in.

Dogwood, Cornus tlorida. Trunks 7 in., 13 in., 28 in.

Elm (White), Ulnius Americana. Trunks 23 in., 42 in.,
61 in.

Elm (red, slippery), U I nuts puhesccns. Trunk 16 in.

Fringe tree, Chionanthns Virginica. Trunk 3 in.

Gum (black), Nyssa sylvatica. Trunk 36 in., plank 27 in.

Gum (sweet), Liquidamhar styraciflna. Block 19 in.

Grape (Fox), Vitis Labrusca. Trunk 22 in., branches 18 in.

Hackberry, Celtis occidental is. Trunk 18 in.

Haw (black). Viburnum pntnifolium. Trunk 5 in.

Hemlock, Tsiiga Canadensis. Trunk 42 in., plank 30 in.,
finished boards 12 and 19 in.

Hercules Club, Aralia spinosa. Trunk 5 in.

Hickory (bitter), Hicoria minima. Trunks 9 and 12 in.

Hickory (red), Hicoria glabra. Trunks 11 and 17 in.

Hickory (shagbark), Hicoria ovata. Trunk 27 in., planks
14 and 18 in.

Holly (white). Ilex opaca. Trunk 10 in.

Holly (mountain), Ilex monticola. Trunk 6 in,

Ironwood, Ostrya Virginiana. Trunks 12 in., 24 in., 38 in.

Juniper, Juniperus Virginiana. Trunk 7 in.

Laurel, Kalmia latifolia. Trunk 8 in., root 24 in.

Locust (yellow), Robinia Pseudacacia. Trunks 18 in., 24
in., 38 in.

Locust (honey), Glcditchia triacanthos. Trunks 14 in., 28
in., 30 in., in thorn 10 in.

Magnolia, Magnolia tripetala. Trunk 15 in.

Magnolia (ear-leaf). Magnolia Praseri. Trunk 12 in.

Mulberry, Morns rubra. Trunks 8 and 11 in.

Mulberry (paper), Papyrius Papyrifera. Trunk 9 in.

Maple (bHstered), Acer saccharum, Marsh. Trunk 26 in.,
boards 9 and 11 in.

Maple (sugar), Acer saccharum, Marsh. Trunks 30 in., 40
in., 48 in., plank 28 in., finished boards 29 in., curly boards 13
to 16 in.

2.2 THE WEST \1RG1NIA FLORA

Maple (black), Acer nigrum. Trunk i6 in.

Maple (white), Acer saccharinn L. Trunks 35 in., 49 in.,
plank 26 in., birdseye boards 10 to 12 in.

Maple (red), Acer rubrum. Trunk 14 in.

Maple (striped), Acer Pennsyhanicum. Trunk 6 in.

Osage Orange, Toxylon poniifcrniii. Trunk 4 in.

Oak (black), Oticrcus vclutina. Trunks 10 and 27 in., fin-
ished board 11 in.

Oak (Spanish), Quercus digitata. Trunks 13 and 18 in.

Oak (swamp), Qncrcns pahistris. Trunk 15 in.

Oak (laurel), Quercus imbricaria. Trunk 10 in.

Oak (chestnut), Quercus Prinus. Trunks 14 in., 27 in., 36
in., finished board 21 in.

Oak (black jack), Quercus nigra. Trunks 18 in.', 23 in.

Oak (white), Quercus alba. Trunks 50 in., 28 in., 32 in.,
61 in., plank 37 in., boards (quartered) 5 to 13 in., quartered
curly 10 in.

Oak (red), Quercus rubra. Trunks 42 in., 54 in., 84 in.,
plank 44 in.

Persimmon, Diospyros Virginiana. Trunk 12 in.

Poplar (yellow), Liriodcndron Tidipifera. Trunk 48 in.,
trunk "wheels" 24, 36, 48, 60, 74, go, and 138 in.; the tree from
which the last wheel came cut 25,000 feet of merchantable boards,
plank 36 and 57 in., cube 36 in., finished boards 27 'to 46 in.

Pine (white), Pinus strobus. Trunk 36 in.

Pine (yellow), Pinus cchinata. Trunk 28 in.

Pine (pitch), Pinus rigida. Trunk 16 in.

Papaw, Asimina triloba. Trunk 8 in.

Rhododendron, Rhododendron maximum. Trunk 6 in.

Red Bud, Cercis Canadensis. Trunks 5^ and 9 in.

Sycamore, Platanus occidcntalis. Trunks 52 in., 36 in,, 40
in., finished board quartered 33 in.

Sassafras, Sassafras Sassafras. Trunk 22 in., finished board
"wavy" 18 in.

Silver Bell, Mohrodendron Carolinum. Trunk 8 in.

Sourwood, Oxydendron arboreum. Trunk 15 in.

Spruce (black), Picea Mariana. Trunks 31, 34, and 49 in.,
planks 8 and 40 in., finished boards 18 and 20 in.

Spicewood, Bencoin Benzoin. Trunk 2 in.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 23

Sumach, Rhus typhina. Trunk 8 in.

Service, Amakinclucr Canadensis. Trunks 8 and 9 in.

Thorn, Craicgns coccinca. Trunk 10 in.

Tree of Heaven, Ailanthiis glandiilosus. Trunks 8 in., 24
in., 38 in.

Witch Hazel, Haniauidis Virginica. Trunks 4 and 5 in.

Wahiut (black) Juglans nigra. Trunks 30 and 36 in., plank
29 in., finished boards "wavy" 20 in., "figured" 21 in.

Willow (black), Salix nigra. Trunk 12 in.

CATALOGUE.

Fungi.

PHALLACEAE.

ITHYPHALLUS Fries.
I. iMPUDicus (Linn.) Fr.

In the juvenile, egg stage, June 15, 1893, Oct. 28, 1893,
we find the veil under pileus about one-third its length and
part of it encircling the stipe about the middle {Niittall,
983).

N I D U L A R I A C E AE.
CRUCIBULUM Tul.

C. VULGARE Tul.

On sticks and leaves, open woods, and on old cotton cloth,
July 6, 1893 (Nitttall, 1079).

LYCOPERDACEAE.

TYLOSTOMA Pers.
T. MAMMOSUM (Mich.) Fr.

On light soil on rock, March 24, 1893 {Nuttall, 880).

MITREMYCES Nees.

M. LUTESCENS ScllU.

On wet mossy banks, alt. 2,000 ft., March 25, 1893 {Nut-
tall, 881).

GEASTER Mich.

G. MAMMOSUS Chev.

On earth. Short Creek, July 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 1080).

G. HYGROMETRICUS PcrS.

Along Horsepen Creek, McDowell County, July 30-
August I, 1900 (Morris, 1105a).

''Unless otherwise stated, all of Nuttall's numbers in the fungi are
from Fayette Co., near Nuttallburg.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 25

BOVISTA Dill.
B. LEPiDOPHORA (E. & E.) Dc Ton.

In grass on lawn, Sept. 5, 1893. Clavate 8 cm. high, 12
cm. broad, sterile base 3.5 cm. thick, white cuticle 1.5 mm.
thick, gleba pale yellow (Nuttall 1193).
B. PiLA Berk. & Curt.

Free on open ground. Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspangh).

LYCOPERDON Tourn.
L. GEMMATUM Batsch.

On ground in woods, alt. 2,000 ft., Aug. 24, 1893 (Nuttall,
1180).

L. FURFURACEUM Schseff.

In grass on lawn, Sept. 3, 1893. Capillitium thicker than
the spores, branches few, 2.5 to 4 cm. in diameter, outer
coat pure while (Nut tall, 11 88).

L. PEDICELLATUM Pcck.

On moss on ground in pine woods, alt. 2,000 ft., March
10, 1893. Pedicels 20 fj. long {Nidtall, 864).
L. PYRIFORME Schseff.

Under bark of Qucrcns palustris, Monongalia Co., near
Morgantown and near Little Falls (Millsi>aus;h) on rotten
wood, Feb. 2, 1893 {Nuttall, 832).

SCLERODERMA Pers.
S. vuLGARE Hornem.

On chips of Picea Mariana, Tucker Co. Falls of Black-
water (Millspangh). Grant Co., on dead logs. Otter Fork
of Cheat; and Monongalia Co., Tibbs Run, plentiful on clay
of a path (Millspangh). In laurel thickets, July 28, 1893.
Spores 10 fjL (Nuttall, 11 25).
S. BoviSTA Fr.

On ground, March 21, 1893 (Nuttall, 876).

BOVISTELLA Morg.
B. Ohioense (Ell. & Morg.) Morg.

In grass on lawn, June 26, 1893 (Nuttall, 1003).

M U C O R A C E AE.

MUCOR Mich.
M. Mucedo Linn.

On open canned fruit left standing (Millspangh). On
dead dry fruit (Asimina triloba, Oct. i, 1895 (Nuttall, 1866,
754)-

26 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SPORODINIA Link.
S. Aspergillus (Scop.) Schroet.

On dead Agaricus and Boletus, Sept. lo, 1893 {Nuttall,
I 196).

P E R O N O S P O R A C E AE.

CYSTOPUS Lev.
C. CANDiDUS (Pers.) Lev.

On living leaves of Dentaria diphylla, Monongalia Co.,
at Little Falls (Millspaiigh). On Brassica nigra, July 8,
1893 {Niittall, 1082). On Sisymbrium officinale; Raphamis
sativus and Lepidium Virginicum {Sheldon, 686, 1577, 3020,
3291; 1792, 3035; 4457).
C. Ipomoeae-Panduratae (Schw.) Stev. & Sw.

On I porno ea pandurata (Sheldon, 701, 706, 784, 919, 1956,
3159, 3246).
C. Tragopogonis (Pers.) Schroet.

On Senecio aureus and Ambrosia art cmisiae folia {Sheldon,
2960, 3080).
C. Portulacae (DC) Lev.

On Portulaeca oleracea, Julv 8, 1893 (Alittall, 1083).
C. Bliti (Biv.) DeB.

On Amaranthus retrofle.xus, July 20, 1893. Spores 18 to
22 X 15 to 18 IX {Nuttall, 1615).

PLASMOPARA Schroet.
P. viticola (B. & C.) Berl. & De Ton.

On fruit of Vitis Labrusca, Monongalia Co., near Morgan-
town (Millspaugh).
P. CuBENSis (B. & C.) Humphrey.

On cucumbers, Mason, near Elwell, and on Musk Melons,
Ohio, near Elm Grove (Sheldon, 1018, 2009, 2097).
P. OBDUCENS Schroet.

On Impatiens sp. (Sheldon, 2297).
P. Geranii (Pk.) Berl. & DeToni.

On Geranium macidatum (Sheldon, 651, 2967).
P. ribicola Schroet.

On Ribes sp. (Wild gooseberry) (Sheldon, 2446).
P. Halstedii (Farlow) Berl.

On Ambrosia trifida (Sheldon, 2957).

PHYTOPHTHORA DeBary.
P. INFESTANS (Mont.) DeB.

On living leaves and tubers Solanum tuberosum, Monon-
galia Co., near Morgantown (Millspaugh).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 2/

BREMIA Kegel.

B. Lactucae Kegel.

On Lactticca Canadensis and L. hirsuta, June 14, 1894
{Nuttdll, 1549). On Lactuca sativa {Sheldon, 53).

PEKONOSPOKA Corda.
P. OBOVATA Bon.

On living leaves Spcrgula arvensis, Preston Co., near
Terra Alta (Millspaugh).
P. Arthuri Farlow.

On Onagra biennis (Sheldon, 2324).
P. CoRYDALis DeBy.

On Corydalis Havida {Sheldon, 3996).
P. PARASITICA (Pers.) DeBy.

On Lepidinm Virginicwn and Cardaniine Pennsylvanica
{Sheldon, 55, 630, 1330).

E N T O M O P H T H O K A C E AE.

EMPUSA Cohn.
E. MuscAE (Fr.) Cohn.

On Miisca doniestica, Monongalia Co., at Morgantown
{Millspaugh). Very prevalent on a species of Tachina
found on maple leaves in great number in 1892 at Morgan-
town ( Millspaugh ) .
E. GRYLLI Fr.

On tufted caterpillars, on grasshoppers, and on the house
fly, Monongalia Co., at Morgantown {Millspaugh).

S C H I Z O M Y C E T A C E AE.
BACCILLIUS Cohn.

B. TUBERCULOSIS Koch.

In sputa of consumptive {Millspaugh).
B. ACiDi-LACTici (Zopf) Schroct.

In soured Milk {Millspaugh) .
B. suBTiLis (Ehrenb.) Cohn.

In infusion of hay and on exposed boiled potato {Mills-
paugh).
B. Ulna Cohn.

On exposed coagulated e^g albumen {Millspaugh).
B. AMYLovoRUS : (Burrill) Schroet. {Microccus Burrill).

Berkeley : on Mains Mains fruits at Gerrardstown
{Waite). On fruit of Pyrns communis, Monongalia Co.,
near Morgantown (Millspaugh).

28 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SPIRILLUM Ehrenb.
S. UNDULA (Muell) Ehrenb.

In infusion of hay (Millspaugh).

BACTERIUM Ehrenb.
B. LiNEOLA (O. F. Muell) Cohn.

In infusion of radish (Ulillspaugh).
B. Termo (O. F. Muell.) Ehrenb.

In various decomposing organic substances (Millspaugh).

MICROCOCCUS (Hall.) Cohn.
M. Crepusculum (Ehrenb.) Cohn.

Found associated with Bacterium Termo in decomposing
vegetable infusions (Millspaugh).
M. aurantiacus, Cohn.

Caught on sterilized potato in laboratory (Millspaugh).
M. luteus Cohn.

Caught on sterilized potaoto in laboratory (Millspaugh).

STREPTOCOCCUS Billr.
S. pyogenes (Rosenb.) Zopf.

Micrococcus septicus, Cohn. In blood of dead calf (Mills-
paugh).
S. ureae (Cohn.) Trev.

Micrococcus ureae, Cohn. In decomposing urine (Mills-
paugh ) .

SACCHAROMYCETACEAE.

SACCHAROMYCES Meyen.
S. CEREVisiAE Meyen.

In Pasteur's liquid left uncorked in laboratory (Mills-
paugh).

S. MYCODERMA ReCSS.

On same liquid as above at same date (Millspaugh).

D I A T O M A C E AE.

Cymbella gastroides, Kuetz.
Cym BELLA turgida (Grun.) Greg.
Stauroneis Phoenicentron Ehrb.
Navicula viridis, Kuetz.
Navicula major, Kuetz.
Navicula nobilis (Ehrb.) Kuetz.
Navicula rhomboides, Ehrb.
Navicula borealis (Ehrb.) Kuetz.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 29

Navicula trinodis, Lewis.

ACHNANTES LANCEOLATA, Brcb.

Synedra ulna (Nitzsch.) Ehrb.

NiTZSCHIA AmPHIOXYS INTERMEDIA, Grun.

M Y X O AI Y C E T A C E AE.

CERATIOMYXA Schroet.

C. FRUTicuLosA (Muell.) MacB. (Det. O. F. Cook.)

Along Delashmeet Creek, Mercer County, altitude 2,090
feet, July 25, 1900 (Morris, 946).

PHYSARUM Pers.

P. ciTRiNUM Schum.

On moss, alt. 2,000 feet, Aug. 2, 1893 (Nuttall, 1160).

P. PULCHERRIMUM B. & R.

On dead wood, July 25, 1893 (Nuttall, 1133).
P. PSITTACINUM Ditm.

On fruit cones of Magnolia Frascri, alt. 2,000 ft., Aug.
12, 1893 (Ntiftall, 1 165).
P. siNuosuM (Bull.) Rost.

On bark of Aralia spinosa, Aug. 16, 1893 (Nuttall, 1154)
P. RUFiPES (A. & S.) Morgan. (Determined by O. F. Cook.)

Along Tugg Creek, Hinton, Summers County, July 10,
1900 (Morris, 945).

LEOCARPUS Link.
L. FRAGiLis (Dicks.)

On Aspidiiim spinulosum and twigs of Tsuga Canadensis,
Nov. 25, 1895 (Nuttall, 1888).

TILMADOCHE Fr.
T. NUTANS (Pers.) Rost.

On dead Aspm'agtis leaves, and dead limbs Magnolia
Fraseri, Nov. 4, 1893 (Nuttall, 1264).

T. GYROCEPHALA (Mout.) Rost.

On dry bark of Hicoria ovata, living leaves of Hydrangea,
etc., Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft., Aug. 21, 1893 (Nuttall,
1168).
T. viRiDis (Gmel.) ?

On dead limbs Magnolia Frascri, Sept., 1895 (Nuttall,
1856, 744?)

DIDYMIUM Schrad.

D. SQUAMULosuM (Alb. & Schw.) Fr.

On new timber in mine near the entrance, Sept., 1893
(Nuttall, 1342).

30 TPIE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

DIACHEA Fries.
D. LEUcopoDA (Bull.) Rost.

On dead wood and leaves in damp, shady place, June 23.
1893 {Nut tall, 998).

LAMPRODERMA Rost.
L. vioLACEUM (Fr.) Rost.

On very rotten wet log, Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft., Oct.
25, 1893 {Nuttall, 1255).

COMATRICHA P. Hoyer.
C. Friesiana (DeB.) Rost.

On rotten log, Nov. 6, 1893 {Nuttall, 1237).

STREMONITIS Gled.
S. FUSCA Roth.

On rotten log, and on Hydnnm sp., April 7, 1893 {Nuttall,
889).

S. FERRUGINEA Ehrh.

On log, Keeney's Creek, June 9, 1893 {Niittall, 973).
S. Smithii MacB. (Det. MarBride.)

Summers, along Tugg Creek near Hinton {Morris 945).

TUBULINA Pers.
T. CYLINDRICA (Bull.) DeC.

On dead log. Spores brown, rough (reticulate?) approx.
6 ju, diameter, Oct. 20, 1893 {Nuttall, 1230).

LINDBLAUIA Fries.
L. EFFUSA (Ehr.) Rost.

Forms large patches on dead Tsuga Canadensis at Short
Creek Cliff and Masterson's Glade, July 15, 1893 {Nuttall.
1130).

CRIBRARIA Pers.
C. AURANTiACA Schrad.

On dead wet log, July 25, 1895 {Nuttall, 1826, 712).

RETICULARIA Bull.
R. Lycoperdon Bull.

On dead log, Short Creek. April 6, 1893 {Nuttall, 888).

ARCYRIA Hall.
A. PUNicEA Pers.

On rotten stump, June 15, 1893 {Nuttall, 979).
A. ciNERA (Bull.) Schum.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 3I

On damp dead wood and weeds in shade, July 24, 1893
(Nuttall, 1 118).
A. NUTANS (Bull.) Grey.

On dead log, Short Creek. Spores 7.5 /x, July 24, 1893
(Nuttall, II 19).

PERICHAENA Fries.

P. FLAVIDA Peck.

On bark of dead Magnolia Fraseri. Fayette, near Nut-
tallburg (Nuttall).

LYCOGALA Mich.

L. EPIDENDRON Buxb.

On wet dead logs, June 15, 1893 (Nuttall, 995). On
Magnolia Fraseri, Nov. 1895.
L. coNicuM Pers. (Det. O. F. Cook.)

Summers, along Tugg Creek, near Hinton (Morris, 947).

TRICHIA Hall.
T. FALLAX Pers.

On side of dead log, Oct. 19, 1893. Rich reddish-brown
color when fresh, shining pale-brown when dry ; elaters long
and slender pointed, spores 10 to 12.5 /a (Nuttall, 1200).
T. ciiRYSosPERMA (Bull.) DeC.

On decayed wood, Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspaugh). On dead logs^Feb. 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 842).
T. PROXiMELLA Karst.

On Liquidainbar styracifnia, Feb. 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 836).

HEMIARCYRIA Rost.
H. RUBiFORMis (Pers.) Rost.

Under bark of Fraxinus Americana and Oiicrcus alba,
Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On bark
of dead Quercus sp. Feb. 13, 1893 (Nuttall, 843).
H. CLAVATA (Pers.) Rost.

Under bark of wet decaying log Quercus alba. Mononga-
lia Co., near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On dead log, June
15, 1893 (Nuttall, 831).
H. STiPATA Schw.

On dead wet limbs of Magnolia Fraseri, Sept. 16, 1895
(Nuttall, 1847).

H Y P H O ^I Y C E T A C E AE.

OOSPORA Wallr.
O. FASCicuLATA (Berk.) Sacc.

On decaying orange, Jan. 15, 1893 (Nuttall, 1134).

32 THE WEST \1RGINIA FLORA

MONILIA Pers.

j\I. AUREO-FULVA C. & E.

On under side of dead log Liqnidamhar styraciflua, Aug".
29, 1893 {Nut tall, 1186). "

M. FRUCTIGENA Pcrs.

On ripe fruit Primus ccrasus cult. Monongalia Co., near
jMorgantown (Millspaugli). On fruit of Prunus domcstica
cult, and Auiygdalus Pcrsica cult.. June 28, 1893 (Nuttall,
1006).

POLYSCYTALUM Riess.
P. SERicEUM Sacc.

On Oucrcus Prinus, Nov., 1893 (Nuttall, 1335, 293).

OIDIUM Link.

O. ERYSIPHOIDES Fr.

On Zisia cordata, Eupatorium purpurewu and Rubus odor-
atus, Nov. 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1266, 210).
O. LEUcocoNiuM Desm.

On leaves of Rosa cult., Cabell Co., near Huntington
(Millspaugh).
O. MONiLioiDES Link.

On living leaves Poa pratdisis, Preston Co., near Terra
Alta (Millspaugh). On same host, May 30, 1894 (Nuttall
1512).

BOTRYOSPORTUM Corda.
B. PULCHRUM Corda.

On Lactuca Canadensis, Aug. 23, 1895. Tips of branches
inflated. Spores 7.5 x 2.5 fx (Nuttall, 1844, 735)-

TRICHODERMA Pers.
T. LiGNORUM (Tode) Harz.

Under bark rotten Hicoria ovata Short Creek, alt. 1,250
ft., Dec. 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 1299, 248).

ASPERGILLUS Mich.
A. GLAUcus (Linn.) Link.

On Crategus sp., April 30, 1894 (Nuttall, 1474).
A. GLAUCUS OBLONGispoRUS E, & W. Field. Mus. Bot., I :88
(1896).

Found on Lachnocladiuiu scuiivcstituiu after neglect in
plant press (Nuttall, 1871, 760).

This is either a new species or a distinct variety of A.
glaucus. The smooth oblong-elliptical conidia are quite dif-
ferent from the usual form. Spores 5 to 7.5 x 2.5 to 3 /x.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 33

A. FLAVUS Lk.

Also found on Lachnoladiiiin scnik'cstitum neglected in
plant press {Xutfall, 1877, 760).
Conidia 4 to 6 /x diameter.

STERIGAIATOCYSTIS Cram.
S. NIGRA V. Tiegh.

On dried peach in garden, Aug. 15, 1893 (Niittall, 1170).

PENCILLIUM Link.
P. GLAUCUM Link.

On Hydnum sp. and Pol\ponis I'arians, Aug. 16, 1893
(Nut tail II 64, 136).

BOTRYTIS Mich.

B. OLIVACEA E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., i :88 (i8g6).

Type habitat: On dead log. Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft.,
Feb. 26, 1894 (NnttalL discov. 1411, 381). Fungi Colum-
biana, 593. N. A. F.. 3187.

Forming thin olivaceous patches 2 to 4 cm. in extent,
composed of olive-brown, septate threads, about 4 /x, thick,
and dichotomously or oppositely branched above, the short
(15 to 25 fji) branches sub-attenuated above, and bearing
the obovate or elliptical, olive-brown, 6 to 8 x 4 to 4.5 «
conidia at their tips.
B. torta E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 375.

Type habitat : On dead leaves Carcx Frascri, Dec. 10.
18;^ (N'uttall, discov. 1248, 257).

Hyphje simple, sparingly branched, twisted above as in B
strcptothrix or in" Strcptotlirix atra B. & C, brown, 80 to
100 X 3 to 4 /x. forming numerous small brownish-black
tufts, effused or gregarious, on both sides of the leaf. Coni-
dia elliptical brown, 5 to 6.5 x 3 to 3.5 /x.

Differs from B. strcptothrix ( C. & E.) in its much smaller
conidia and more dwarfish growth.
B. vulgaris Fr.

On leaves Magnolia Frascri, alt. 2,000 ft., July 12, 1893;
on burs of Xaiithiimi Canadensc, Nov. i, 1893; on pedicels
of Ipomaca pandurata, Feb. 17, 1894; on decaying Brassica
oleracca, Jan. 18, 1894; on Cicuta macidata, Alarch 18, 1894
(Nut tall, 1 1 16).

A^ERTICILLIUM Nees.
V. osteophilum E. &: E., Field. Mus. Bot., i 189 (^896).

Type habitat: On jaw bone of calf, in woods, Nov. 27,
1894 (Niittall, discov. 1761, 647).

34 TIIK \Vi:ST \IR(;iNIA FLORA

Prostrate sterile hyphce yellowish-brown, distantly septate,
rough, 6 to 7 /A diameter ; fertile hyphze loosely cespitose.
erect septate, smooth, yellowish-hyaline, 7 to 1$ fi diameter,
the primary branches alternate, and is.-uing- at right angles,
bearing opposite or ternately-verticillate branches, the ulti-
mate division 12 to 15 x 4 ju. 3 to 4 in a terminal verticil, with
tips often curved and bearing i to 4 terminal, globose, hya-
line, 3.5 to 4 /a; conidia.
V. ruNicEUM (Cke & E.) Grev.

On dead sticks, June, 1893 {Nutiall, 1115).

TRICHOTHECIUM Link.

T. ROSEUM (Pers.) Link.

On dead dried peach on ground ; on decaying leaves Ilex
verticillata, Sept. 14, 1893 (Nnttall, 1199).

CEPHALOTHECIUM Corda.

C. ROSEUM Corda.

On old Poly poms pergamemis, Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft.,
Nov. 10, 1893 (Nut tall, 1260, 205).

DACTYLIUM Nees.

D. DENDROIDES (Bull.) Fr.

On Polystictus versicolor, and apparently checking its de-
velopment. Oct. 12, 1893 (Nuftall, 1206). Spores 28 X 10 ju.

RAMULARIA Ung.
R. Celastri Ell. & Mart.

On leaves of Celastrns scandens near the ground. Oct.
II, 1894. Conidia 15 to 28 /* (Nuttall, 1700).
R. TuLASNEi Sacc.

On Fragaria cult., Oct. 2"/, 1894 (Nuttall, 1724).
R. Taraxaci Karst

On Taraxacum Taraxacum, Oct. 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1722).

D E M A T I A C E AE.

CONIOSPORIUM Link.

C. HARKNESSIOIDES (Ell. & Holl.) SaCC.

On Rumex acctosella, Oct. 20, 1894 (Nuttall, \']2'j, 613).
TORULA Pers.

T. DIMIDIATA,Penz

On Rhus hirta, alt. 1,300 ft., Nov. 21, 1893 (Nuttall,
1273, 220).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 35

T. HERB ARUM Link.

On Asparagus officinalis, Nov. i, 1893 (Niittall, 1240,
186).

PERICONIA Bon.

P. PYCNOSPORA Fres.

On Parthcnocissus qninquefolia, Feb. 20, 1894. Conidia
12.5 to 15 /A diameter. On Ruhus odoratus. On Polymnia
Uz'edalia. On Phytolacca decandra, hyphse 600 x 15 to 16 /x
(N'tiftall, 1413). On Polymnia Uvedalia, spores 12.5 to
15 /x Nov. 16, 1894 (Nnttall, 1743).

GONATOBOTRYUM Sacc.
G. MAcuLiocoLUM (Wint.) Sacc.

On youn.^ sprouts Haniauielis Virginica i to 2 feet hig'h ;
Short Greek, alt. 1,850 ft.. Au^2:. 15, 1894 {Nuttall, 1656).

STREPTO'J'HRIX Corda.
S. ATRA B. & G.

On dead limbs on ground. Conidia 6 to 8 x 4.5 to 5 fx,
Dec. 16, 1893 (Nuttall, 1329).

ZYGODESMUS Gorda.

Z. GRAMINICOLA E. & E.

On Carex Fraseri, spores 7.5 /x Feb. 11, 1894 (A'ltttall,
1374,334)-

Z. PANNOSUS B. & G.

On charred bark, Alay 28, 1894 (Nuttall, 1531, 502).
Z. TILIACEUS E. & E.

On bark of dead Magnolia Fraseri, Fayette, near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall.)

STAGHYLIDIUM Link.
S. CARiciNUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 377.

Type habitat: On dead leaves Carex Fraseri Feb. 11,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1375. 355).

Hyphse fasciculate brown, septate 600 to 700 x 3 u simple
or occasionally forked above towards the tip, with short
cylindrical hyaline branches opposite or in whorls of three,
bearing at their tips the elliptical, hyaline 4 to 5 x 1.5 to 2 /a
conidia, collected into a globose head 10 to 12 /a diameter.

FUSIGLADIUM Bonord.
F. DENDRiTicuM (Waller.) Fckl.

On living Pyrus Mains leaves and fruit. Monongalia Go.,
near Morgantown (Millspaiigh).

36 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

F. ViRGINIENSE E. & E. sp. IIOV ?

Type habitat: On living leaves Aster infiruius, June 29,
1894 (Nutfall, discov. 1593, 541).

POLYTHRINCIUM Kunze & Schm.

P. Trifolii Kunze.

On Trifoliniii rcpcns, July 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1588)

CLADOSPORIUM Link.

C. HERBARUM (Pers.) Link.

On Polygonatum hiflorum, Menispermum Canadcnse, and
leaves of Rhus hirta, June 28, 1894 (Nuttall, 1564).

C. HERBARUM FASCICULARE Corda.

On Reseda cult., Jan. 28, 1894. Conidia 15 to 18 x 6 to
7.5 /x I to 2 septate (Nuttall, 1354).
C. NiGRELLUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1893, 463.

Type habitat : On inner bark of Robinia Pseudacacia
railroad ties, Keeney's Creek, Oct. 1893 (Nuttall, discov.
1227, 172).

Hyphse densely tufted, septate, sub-equal, 150 to 200 x 5
to 6 /x, tufts effused, subconfluent, forming a black, velvety
coat extending over the surface of the bark indefinitely, with
the same habit as Macrosporium nigrellum C. & E. Conidia
smoky-hyaline, becoming pale brown, variable in size, the
smaller ones ovate, continuous or uniseptate, 6 to 8 x 5 /x,
the larger ones oblong-elliptical or sub-cylindrical, 2 to 3-
septate, 12 to 15 x 5 to 6 /x.
C. Triostei Peck.

On living leaves Triostcnin pcrfoliatum, alt. 1.200 ft., July
26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1824).
C. epiphyllum (Pers..) Mart.

On dying leaves Robinia Pseudacacia, July 31, 1893 (Nut-
tall, II 39).
C. corynitrichum E. & E.

On leaves of Magnolia Fraseri. Fayette, near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall).

C. sp.

On dead decorticated limb Magnolia Fraseri, Sept., 189s
(Nuttall, 1853, 739).
A most beautiful velvety black form.
C. epimyces Cooke.

On pileus Polyporus varians, Jan. 25, 1894 (Nuttall,

1341)-

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 37

CLASTEROSPORIUM Sz.
C. CORNUTUM E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:92 (1896).

Type habitat: On decaying wood, Oct. 21. 1895 (Nutt-
all, discov. 1883).

Hyphse prostrate, septate, branched, brown, about 6 ,a
diameter, eiTused in black velvety patches i to 2 cm. across.
Conidia in pairs or threes, horn-shaped, 10 to 14 septate. 100
to 225 X 14 /x, broadest below, gradually tapering above to
an obtuse point, curving outward at the base, rising and
spreading out above like the horns of an ox. The conidia
are but slightly constricted at the septa and are sessile on
the hyphas, appearing at first as a simple nodule or tubercle
on the side of the thread.

Allied to C. Hirudo Sacc, but that has solitary multisep-
tate (55 to 65) conidia and evanescent hyphse.
C. siGMOiDEUM E. & E., Bull. Torr. Club, 24:472 (1897).

Hyphse effused, crooked, septate at intervals of about 15 i^,
forming an olive-black stratum on the bark for many cm.
in extent, subcespitose, 300-400 x (6-7 /x ; conidia broad-fusoid,
sigmoid (ends curved in opposite directions), 4 (excep-
tionally 5) septate and slightly constricted at the septa, in-
termediate cells brown, end cells hyaline, 40-70 x 12-15 /^'
mostly subtruncate above.

On dead limbs of Castanca. Fayette, near Nuttallburg,
March, 1896 {Nuttall, 819).

HELAIINTHOSPORIUM Link.

H. PERSiSTENS Cooke.

On branches of Acer in pine woods, alt. 2,000 ft , March
9, 1894. Conidia 75 to 150 x 10 to 15 jx (Nuttall, 1421, 392).
H. macrocarpon Grev.

On decorticated limbs Platanus occidcntalis. Oct. 6, 1895
{Nuttall, 1887). On Magnolia Fraseri, Nov., 1895.
H. folliculatum Corda.

On Zea Mays, Aug. 2, 1895 (Nuttall, 1835).

H. ATTENUATUM Pcck & Cookc.

On dead log, Short Creek, alt.* 1,800 ft., Tune 10, 1894
(Nuttall, 1547).

H. SEPTEMSEPTATUM Pcck.

On Magnolia Fraseri, June 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1574. 534).
H. brachypus E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., i :92 (1896).

Type habitat: On dry wood of old log. ( )ct. 8, 1895
(Nuttall, discov. 1873, 757).

Efifused in brownish-black patches of several centimeters
in extent, velutinous, thin. Prostrate hyphse only sparingly
branched, obscurely septate, crooked ; fertile hyphse ces-

38 Till-: WllSr NIKCINIA FLORA

pitose, erect, 40 to 50 x 4 to 6 ^u,, 2 to 3 septate, abruptly
constricted at the tips and snbtruncate. Conidia terminal,
oblong-fusoid, 5-septate brown, not constricted at the septa,
30 to 40 X 12 to 14 u, with a short (8 to 10 fi) obconical,
hyaline or pale-brown, persistent pedicel, which is sometimes
prolonged into a hyaline thread as long as the spore. This
prolongation may iDe something- of the nature of a pith or
medulla drawn out of the supporting hypha and remaining
attached to the pedicel.
H. FusiFORME Corda.

On old barrel staves. Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Ntiftall).

CERCOSPORA Fres.

C. Armoraciae Sacc.

On Roripa Arinoracia. Conidia 175 x 5 ju, Aug. 26,
1894 (Nuttall, 1687, 593).
C. Caulophylli Peck.

On living leaves Caiilophylluiii tlialicfroidcs. Grant Co.,
near Bayard (Millspaugh).
C. VioLAE Sacc.

On Viola obliqna, Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall, 1841, 731).

C. GRANULIFORMIS Ell. & Hol.

On living leaves Viola obliqna, June 28, 1894 (Nuttall,
1565)-

C. OCULATA E. & K.

On leaves J\^rnoiiia Novcboraccnsis, Aug. 6, 1894 {Nutt-
all, 1682).
C. Vernoniae E. & K.

On leaves Vcrnonia Novcboraccnsis, Oct. 10, 1894 (Nut-
tall, 1698).

C. OMPHACODES Ell. & Hol.

On Phlox amocna, July 14, 1894 (Nuttall, 1605).
C. Diantherae E. & K.

On leaves of Diaiithcra Auicricana. Oct. 23, 1895 (Nutt-
all, 1879).
C. An'icularis Wint.

On living leaves Pol\s;onuni ai'icularc, July 5, 1895 (Niitt-
all, 1815}.^
C. DUBTA (Riess) Wint.

On Chcnopodiuui album riridc, July 4, 1894 (Nuttall,
1587).
C. r.ETicoLA Sacc.

On leaves Beta I'ulgaris, Oct. 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1692).

C. BOEHMERIAE Pcck.

On leaves Bochnieria cylindrica, Oct. 5, 1894 (Nuttall,
1694).

WEST \TRGINiA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 39

C. ACALYPHAE Peck.

On leaves Acalypha Virgiinca, Oct. 3, 1894 {Nuttall,
1691).
C. Ampelopsidis Peck.

On Parthcnocissus qiiiiiqiicfolia. Conidia-l-40 x 3 fi, June
30, 1894 (Nuttall, 1578).
C. IMenispermi E. & H.

On leaves Mcuispcniium Canadeiisc. Conidia-j- 77 x 5 /x
June 26, 1894 (Niittali'. 1562)
C. Ageratoides E. & E.

On Eupatoriuiii ai^cratoidcs, Oct. 14, 1894 (Xuttall, 1706).
C. Anthelmintica Atk.

On living leaves Chciiopodiiiin anthcliiuiiticnui, Oct. 15,
1894 (Nuttall, 1713, 601)
C. Kalmiae E. & E.

On leaves Kalinia latifoUa, Aug. 15, 1893 (Nuttall, 1167).
C. Oenotherae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 380.

Type habitat: On leaves Onagra biennis, Oct., 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1704, 599)

Spots irregular, mostly elongated, grayish-brown, sub-
angular. 3 to 5 X 2 to 3 mm. subconfiuent. Hyphae amphi-
genous, sub-hyaline, continuous or faintly i to 2 septate,
15 to 20 X 3 /x in minute scattered tufts, few in a tuft,
spreading subundulate. Conidia linear or only slightly at-
tenuated above, smoky-hyaline, nucleate and faintly 3 to 5
or more septate, 25 to 80 x 2 to 2.5 ix straight or only
slightly curved.
C. Chionanthi E. & E., Eield Mus. Bot., i 194 (1896).

Type habitat: On living leaves Chionanthus Virginica,
Sept., 1895, (Nuttall, discov. 1852, 738).

Spots variable in shape, subindefinite, dark brown, gray-
ish above, 2 to 4 mm. diameter. Hyphae epiphyllous, ces-
pitose, 75 to 150 X 3.5 to 5 IX, brown, septate, and sub-
geniculate or subundulate above. Conidia fusoid or clavate,
becoming brown, 3 to 5-septate, 30 to 60 x 4 to 4.5 fi.
C. SEPTORioiDES E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., 1:94 (1896).

Type piabitat : On leaves Riibus Canadcusis, Oct. 16,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1725, 610).

Spots dirty-brown, irregular, subangular, more or less
limited by the veinlets, 2 to 3 mm. diameter, definite, but
without any differently colored border. Hyph?e epiphyllous,
cespitose on a small tubercular base, simple, sub-entire, con-
tinuous, brownish, 20 to 25 x 3 (x. Conidia cylindrical,
slightly curved, hyaline, nucleate, 35 to 63 x 2 to 2.5 /x.

Differs from C. Rubi Sacc. in its narrower conidia with-
out septa, and its shorter hyphse.

40 Tin-: WEST \irginia flora

C. RuBi Sacc.

On leaves Riibiis Canadensis, Nov., 1894 {Xnttall, 178s.
676).
C. DEPAZEOiDES (Desiii.) Sacc.

On Samhucus Canadensis, July 26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1626).
C. Smilacis Thum.

On living leaves Sinilax rotnndifolia, Monongalia Co.,
near Camp Eden (Milisl^angh). On Sinila.v rotnndifolia
(Nuttall, 1573, 533).
C. ciTRULLiNA Cooke.

On living leaves of the Watermelon. ]\Iason, near Point
Pleasant and Elvvell {Sheldon).
C. Smilacina Sacc.

On leaves Suiilax glauca, Aug. 26, 1894 {Xnftall, 1653,
573)-

C. COLUMN ARIS E. & E.

On Pliaseolus -c'nlgaris cult. Oct. 13. 1895 (Nuttall, 1870).
SPORODESAIIU^I Link.

S. TORULOIDES E. & E.

On dead twigs Cornns florida, June 10, 1894 (Nuttall.
1548, 514).

S. sp.

Type habitat: On Tsuga Canadensis, Feb. 3, 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 331).

S. MORIFORME Pcck.

On Opulaster opulifolins, May 12, 1894. Spores 25 to
40 X 25 /^ (Nuttall, 1503, 483).
S. aurantiacum B. & C.

On a dead stick, Short Creek, July 25, 1893 (Nuttall.

1132, 115)-
S. coNciNNUM Berk.

On wet dead sticks in association with Clavaria niucida,
Oct. and Nov., 1893. Conidia 112 to 115 x 30 to 32 /i,;
65 to 100 X 30 fi (Nuttall, 1233).

SPEIRA Corda.

S. MINOR Sacc.

On Piniis Virginiana, Dec. 15, 1894. Conidia 30 x 10 fx

(Nuttall, lyys^ 664).

MACROSPORIUM Fr.

M. COMMUNE Rabh.

On dead stems of garden Asparagus officinalis, conidia-r
40 X 15 IX, Nov. I, 1893 (Nuttall, 1222). On petioles of

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 4I

Aralia spinosa, conidia 75 x 20 /x {Nnttall, 358). On Riuncx
obtusifolius, Rhus radicans and Ciciita maciilata? {Nnttall).

M. ■ sp.

Type habitat : On dead stems Polyuinia Uvcdalia, Nov.
3, 1893 (Nnttall, discov. 1736, 623).

M. Abutilonis Speg.

On AhiitUon AhutUon, July 21, 1895 (Nnttall, 1836).

•M. sp.

Type habitat : On decayed fruit Diospyros Virginiana,
April 25. 1895 (Nnttall, discov. 1825, 711).
M. AscLEPiADEUM Cooke ?

On Asdepias Syriaca, Nov. 3, 1894 (Nnttall, 1730).

M. CAUDATUM C. & E.

On dead flowers of Yucca cult., Sept. 5, 1894 (Nnttall.
1680, 587). On stems of Phytolacca dccandra, conidia 88

X 20 IX.

M. Saponariae Peck.

On Saponaria offtciualis, Oct. 6, 1894 (Nnttall, 1695).

M. olivaceum E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 383.

Type habitat : Parasitic on Sphaeropsis Asiininae on
dead limbs of AsUnina triloba, Alarch, 1894 (Nnttall, discov.
1418, 388).

Forms a li_2:ht olive velutinous coat over the pustules of
the Sphaeropsis. Hyph?e tufted, yellowish brown (under
the microscope), septate, erect, nearly straight or subun-
dulate, 80 to 100 x 4 to 5 ^u,. Conidia obovate or obpiriform,
3 to 5-septate and muriform, brown, 24 to 38 x 15 to 20 ju.
terminal, sessile. Conidia also occur subcubical or subglobose
15 to 20 /I diameter with 2 septa crossing each other at
right angles.

M. antennaeforme P). & C.

On Celtis occidentalis, Aug. 11, 1894 (Nnttall, 1652).
Conidia-f95 x 15/^.

M. sp.

Type habitat: On pods of Datnra Strainoninin, Feb. 10,
1894 (Nnttall, discov. 1369, 326).
M. Tomato Cooke?

On ripe fruit Lycopcrsicnm escidenttini cult. Spores
shorter than described. Sept. 9, 1893 (Nnttall, 1195). Same
host ^Monongalia Co., at ]\Iorgantown, prevalent 1891 (Mills-
pan gh).

M. Maydis C. & E.

On leaves Zca Mays cult., with conidia smaller than de
scribed. Nov.. 1893 (Nnttall, 1334, 292).

42 Till-: WLiST \TRG1XIA II.( )KA

TRICHAEGU-M Cn-da.
T. NODULosuM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 385.

Type habitat: On dead leaves Carcx Frascri, Feb. 11,
1894 {Niittall, discov. 1373, 333).

Erunipcnt, tufted, becoming subetTused, l)lack, tufts gre-
garious, forming subvelutinous patches 2 to 4 mm. across,
or when standing singly the hyphcC and conidia forming a
compact mass .5 to i mm. diameter, and resembling some-
what the sorus of a Pncciiiia. Hyph?e simple sparingly fasci-
culate, brown, septate, often swollen at the septa, about 4 n
thick and 200 to 300 ju, long. Conidia near the base of the
hypha:^, at first elliptical, yellowish-hyaline, uniseptate, 8 to
10 X 6 to 7 ju,, soon becoming 4 to 6-septate, muriform and
opaque, 10 to 25 fx diameter, subglobose, obovate, or elliptical.

SEPTOSPORIUM Corda.

S. EouiSETi Peck, Rep. State Bot. N. Y., 1892, 25.

Type habitat: Tips of living leaves Equisctnm arrcnsc,
Doddridge Co., near Center Point, and Monongalia Co., on
College campus, Alorgantown (Millspaugh, discov. 1891).

Hyphae forming minute tufts, the fertile very short, bear-
ing acrogenous spores, the sterile longer, septate, colored ;
spores elliptical, usually with three transverse septse and
one or two longitudinal ones, colored, .001 in. long, .005 in.
broad.

ALTERNARIA Nees.

A. Brassicae nigrescens Pegl.

On Alusk-melons, Ohio, near Elm Grove (Sheldon).

SARCTNELLA Sacc.

S. heterospora Sacc.

On Ccrcis Canadensis, Oct. 16, 1894 {Nnttall, 1726, 610).

S T I L B A C E AE.

STILBUM Tode.

S. MAGNUM Peck.

In cracks of bark, Nov. 6, 1893. Spores 2.5 x 1.25 ,u
(Nuttall, 1278, 225).
S. FLAViPES Peck.

On dead driftwood Plafcnus occidcnfalis, Dec. 12, 1894
(Nuttall, 1767).
S. erythrocephalum Ditm.

On dung of Rabbit, Jan. 18, 1894 (Nuttall, 1345, 304).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 43

S. vuLGARE Tode?

On fallen dead leaves, Short Creek, July 25, 1893 ( Xuttall,
112,7, 120).

PILACRE Fries.
P. GRACiLiPES E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 386.

Type habitat: On rotten wood. Short Creek, alt. 1,750
ft., Dec. 16, 1893 {Nnttall, discov. 1219, 274).

Scattered, stem slender, white-pruinose, 3 mm. long, .25
to .33 mm. thick. Head hemispherical, olivaceous, about i
nniL diameter. Fertile hyphse hyaline, dichotomously
branched, 2 to 2.5 /x thick, bearing the conidia laterally.
Conidia globose or subglobose, yellow-brown under the
microscope, 4 to 5.5 /x diameter.

Smaller and of a more slender growth than P. Pctcrsii
B. & C.
P. Petersii B. & C.

On Acer sacclianmi and Hex opaca, Feb. 10, 1894 (Nutt-
all, 1371). C)n Magnolia Frascri, Nov., 1895.

ISARL\ Pers.

I. ViRGiNiENSis E. & E. Proc. Phila. Acad., 1893, 465.

Ty'pe habitat : On the young stroma of Hypo.vylon

rnhiginosumf June 30, 1893 {Niittall, discov. 1109, 95, 102).

Stromata gregarious, simple, slender-clavate, 1.5 to 2 mm.

high. Yellowish-white, obtuse and subcapitate at the apex,

curved, often decumbent, clothed nearly to the base with

spreading, hyalme, dendroid, 1.5 to 2 fi branching hyphse

(sporophores) 40 to 45 x 2.5 jU, their tips often toothed and

bearing i to 4 elliptical or ovate, hyaline 3.5 x 2.5 /i conidia.

Analogous to /. iimbriiia Pers {Insfitalc acarifonnc Fr. ),

but differs in several respects.

I. CLAVATA Ditm.

On dead sticks on ground. June, 1893 (Xittlall, mo).

CERATIU^I A. & S.
C. hydnoides (Jacq.) Alb. & Schw.

On rotten log, June 10, 1893 (Nuttall, 976).

SPOROCYBE Fr.
S. Rhois (B. & C.) Sacc.

On Rhus copallina, March 24, 1894, spores 7.5 x 2 to 2.5 /*.
On Rhus hirfa, March 28, 1894, spores 10 x 2.^ jj. (Xuttall,
1430).
S. AzALEAE (Peck) Sacc.

On capsules of Rhododendron nwxinuiui. Dec. 12. 1893.

44 'i'HE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Conidia varying from globular through elliptical to cyl-
indrical, dark brown, outer coat easily ruptured, lo x lo,
8 X 5, 12 X 5, 15 X 7.5 /. (Nnttall, 1307).

T U B E R C U L A R I A C E AE.

TUBERCULARIA Tode.

T. VULGARIS Tode.

On twigs, Feb. 23, 1893. On Rohinia Pseudacacia, Dec.

1, 1893. On Aralia spinosa, Dec. 13, 1893. On Sainhiicus
puhens. On Acer Ncgundo, April 20, 1894 (Niittall, 942)
On limbs of dead Rhus hirfa, Monongalia Co., near Morgan-
town, 1891 {Millspaugh).

T. HAMATA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 386.

TvPE HABITAT : On dead limbs of Celtis occidentalis. Feb.

2, 1894 {Nnttall, discov. 1357, 313)-

Depressed hemispherical, umbonate, soon becoming black,
.5 to 1.5 mm. diameter, Conidia oblong, slightly curved,
hyaline, 5 to 8 x 1.5 to 2 /a on slender simple sporophores
30 to 40 II long, incurved or involute at the tips.

T. sp.

On Asimina triloba, Feb. 22, 1894. Flesh colored spores
18 to 22 X 3 /x (Nnttall, 1391, 361).

T. sp.

Conidia of Nccfria verrucosa. On dead twigs Moras rubra
July 25, 1895 (Nutfall, 1827, 715).
T Sambuci Corda.

On Sainbucus pubcns, Feb. 26, 1894 (Nnttall, 1409).
T. Celastri Schw.

On Celastrus scaudcns, April 25, 1895. Spores S to 6 x 2 «
(Nnttall, 181 1 ).

DENDRODOCHIUM Bon.

D. AFFixE Sacc.

On bark wet dead stumps, Oct. 24, 1893 (Nnttall, 1229,

174")-
D. rubellum microsporum Sacc.

On dead limb Magnolia acuuiiuata, Aug. 16. 1894, Short
Creek, alt. 1,000 ft. On Liriodeudroii Tulipifera (Nuttall.

^659)-

TUBERCULINA Sacc.

T. persicina (Ditm.) Sacc.

Parasitic on Uredo (Cseoma) nitens, that on Rubus Bailey-
anus. June 10. 1894 (Nnttall, 1557, 527).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 45

ILLOSPORIUM Mart
I. CAESPiTOSUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 385.

Type habitat: On rotten log, Nov. 15, 1893 (Niittall,
discov. 1286, 231).

Sporodochia globose, 100 to no /* diameter, cespitose,
forming tufts about i mm. diameter. Hyphse 6 to 8 /x, thick,
branched, the branches curved or tortuous. Conidia globose
or ovate 6 to 12 /^ diameter.

Differs from / coccinclbini Cke. in its color, and larger
cespitose sporodochia.
I. MALiFOLioRUM, J. L. Sheldon, Torreya, 8:139-41 (1908).

Spots suborbicular, or coalescing and becoming irregular,
brown or sometimes mottled with gray and with a small gray
spot near the center, 5 to 15 mm. in diameter; sporodochia
hypophyllous, minute, gelatinous, yellowish-amber and black-
ening, subspherical when moist (i^Ofx), becoming disc-shaped
or irregular when dry (60 to lOO/x,) ; sporophores branched;
conidia hyaline, oblong, i x 3.5 to 4^.

On leaves of Mains in various parts of the State (SJieldon),
Greenbrier, near \\'hite Sulphur Springs (IVaitc).

HYMENULA Fr.
H. CEREALis E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 386.

Type habitat : On wheat straw Triticum sp. brought in
from Painesville, Ohio, May 24, 1894 {Nuttall, discov. 1520,

495)-

Sporodochia gelatinous, orbicular, yellowish-amber color

becoming darker, at first sub-pulvinate, becoming depressed
or flattened, .5 to .75 mm. diameter. Basidia slender, 25
to 30 X 1.25 ju, simple or oftener branched. The branches
erect. Conidia hyaline, oblong, minute. 3 to 4 x i to 1.25 fx.

CYLINDROCOLLA, Bon.
C. Dendroctoni Peck, in ]\Iillsp. Flora, W. \'a., 1892, 516.

Type habitat : On dead insects, Dcndroctonns frontalis,
beneath the bark of pine. Hampshire Co., near Romney,
(Millspaugh).

The insects are probably killed by this fvmgus, as they lie
dead in their burrows in the inner bark of the tree (Piiins
Virginiana).

Sporodochia minute, forming irregular masses, soft, some-
what waxy, white or whitish ; sporophores slender, abun-
dantly branched above, often compacted below into a short
stem-like base, spores catenulate, short cylindrical, subtrun-
cate, colorless, .00016 to .0002 in. long, .00008 to .0001 in.
broad.

46 Tin-: WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

On some of the insects there is a cottony or flocculent
mass of white mycehum interwoven in a somewhat reticulate
manner, and collected in strings or bundles. It bears no
fruit, but is probably a luxuriant growth of the mycelium
of this fungus.

Occasionally the fungus seems to spread from the insect
to bark immediately adjacent to it.
C. FLAGELLARis E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., 1:100 (1896).

Type habitat: On dead stem of Heliantfius decapetalus,
Dec. 3. 1894 {Nnttall. discov. 1762, 650).

(C. lactea S. & E. partly, Sacc. No. 3550.)

Sporodochia gregarious, subglobose, subhyaline and gela-
tinous when fresh, lens-shaped, with a thin spreading mar-
gin, orbicular, .33 to .50 mm diameter, yellowish-amber color
(whitish in the center) when dry. Sporophores densely
fasciculate, flagelliform 2 to 3 times dichotomously branched,
80 to 100 /x long, separating into the short cylindrical, hya-
line, 4 to 5 X I ju, conidia.

This was included by Saccardo in Michelia II, p. 581, in
Cyliiidrocolla lactea, S. & E. (on rotten wood of Kalmia),
but dififers in the shape and color of the sporodochia and the
sporophores only 2 to 3 times dichotomously branch. C.
lactea retains its white color when dry, and resembles young
Lasiosphaeria ovina.

SCORIOMYCES Ell & Sacc.

S. Cragini E. & S.

Under loose bark of dead Hicoria sp.. Short Creek, alt.
.1,250 ft., Nov. 21, 1893 (Nnttall, 1272, 219).

VOLUTELLA Tode.

V. ciliata (A & S.) Fr.

On decaying leaves of Pruuus cult, in grass, June 20,
1893 {Nnttall, loio).

BACTRIDIUM Kunze.

B. FLAVUM K. & S.

Under decaying bark of Querats alba. Monongalia Co..
near Morgantown (Millspaugh).

HELISCUS Sacc.

H. LuGDUNENSis Sacc.

On dead limbs of Ilex opaca, thrown in wet places one
year previously, March 16. 1894; sporodochia + 2 mm. diam-
eter, conidia 30 to 33 x 5 |U, (Nnttall, 1427, 400).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 47

FUSARIUM Link.
F. CULMORUM Smith.

On heads of ripe Hving wheat. MonongaHa Co., Laurel
Point (Millspaugh).

"This specimen combines the characters of a number of
so-called species, making it difficult to say which it really
is. Probably they are all forms of one species." Professor
Peck (in letter).
F. SARCOCHROUM (Desiii.) Sacc.

On Acer Negundo, April 24, 1894 (Nuttall, 1482, 462).
F. ALEURiNUM E. & E., Bull. Torr. Club, 24:476 (1897).

Sporodochia compact, subtuberculiform-effused_ and sub-
confluent, reddish-orange, mycelium white; fertile hyphse
erect, imuch branched, branches erect; conidia terminal,
fusoid, slightly curved, continuous or faintly 1-3-septate
nucleate, 35 to 45 x 2.5 to 3 /x.

On wheat flour spilt on the ground and left exposed four
months. Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
F. OxYDENDRi E. & E. Bull. Torr. Club 24:477 (1897).

Sporodochia tuberculiform, about i mm. diameter, slate-
color, subcartilaginous, truncate or concave above, erumpent
through, and closelv surrounded by the ruptured epidermis;
hvphc-e branched, hyaline, nucleolate (olivaceous in the
mass) ; conidia arcuate, nucleate, continuous (as far as
seen), 40 to 60 x 2.5 to 3 /x.

Allied to F. Scln.'cinitcii Ell. & Hark., but that has conidia
oblong, obtuse. 20 to 30 x 6 ix.

On Oxxdendron arborenm. Fayette, near Nuttallburg.
March, 1896 (Xuttall. 827).
F. ROSEUM Link.

On follicles of Asclcpias Syriaca, May 31, 1894. Conidia
55 X 4 /x + 6-septate (Xuttall, 1530, 503).

F. ROSEUM \'ar. nov?

On dead fruit of Diospyros Jlrgiiiiana, Aug., 1895 (Nutt-
all, 1831, 721).
F. SoLANi Mart.

Found associated with "black rot" on Tomato fruits that
have fallen to the ground. Monongalia Co., at :\Iorgantown,
1891 (Millspaugh).

F. sp.

On stems of Asparagus oMcinalis, Oct. 28. 1893. Color,
light-pink. Conidia oblong to obovate 7.5 to 10 x 2.5 m
(Nuttall, 1239, 1248. 185).

48 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

IMICROCERA Desm.

M. ERUMPENS E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 386.

Type habitat : On dead limbs of Tsiiga Canadensis,
March, 1895 (Nnttall, discov. 1398, 371).

Sporodochia scattered, depressed-globose, .5 mm. diam-
eter, at first covered by the epidermis, raising it into little
whitish pustules, then erumpent and closely embraced by
the ruptured epidermis, at first orange-red, then becoming
nearly black, and finally leaving subcupuliform cavities in
the bark, when dry. Conidia falcate to fusiform, multinu-
cleate, and finally three or more septate, 60 to 83 x 3 to 4.5
(ji hyaline, narrowing to a slender point at each end, borne
on short sporophores (20 to 35 /x), which are more or less
branched above.

Differs from M. coccophila Desm. in the shape of the
sporodochia and their subcuticular origin.

(The additional description, incorporated in this relation
of the specific characters, is by E. & E.)

EPICOCCUM Link.

E PURPURASCENS Ehrenb.

On cardboard box in grass, April 13, 1894 (NuitaH, 1453).
E. NEGLECTUM Desm.

On living leaves of Avena sativa and Catalpa Catalpa,
Monongalia Co., at Morgantown, 1891 (Millspaitgh).
E. DuRiAEANUM Mont.

Underside of outer bark of Robinia Pseudacacia, Nov. 10,
1893 (Nuttall, 1285, 229).

EPIDOCHIUM Fries.

E. MELANOCHLORUM Dcsm. ?

On Carex Frascri, Feb. 11, 1894 (Nuttall, 1376, 337).

TRIMMATOSTROMA Corda.

T. Americana Thum.

On Sali.r nigra, March 21, 1894 (Nuttall, 1437, 410).

HYPHELIA Fries.

H. TERRESTRLS Fr.

On damp ground. June 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1016).

WEST \IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 49

SPHAEROPSIDEAE.
S P H AE R I O I D A C E AE.

PHYLLOSTICTA Pers.

P. Paviae E. & E.

On Aescuiits ocfaiidra hybrida and HaiuamcHs Virgijiica,
June 10, 1894 {Xiittall. 1539). (P. sphacropsidca E. & E.)

P. CARYIGENA SaCC.

P. Caryac E. & E. On living leaves of Hicoria ovata and
H. microcarpa, June 30, 1894 (Nuttall, 1580).
P. Celtidis E. & K.

On living- leaves of Ccltis occidentalis, Oct. 10, 1894 (Nutt-
all, 1 71 5, 603).
P. Hamamelidis Pk.

On living leaves of Hamaiuclis Jlrgiiiica, June 10, 1894
(Nuttall, 1556).
P. Catalpae E. & M.

On living leaves of Catalpa Catalpa, July 25, 1895 (Nutt-
all, 1623).

P. Sanguinarlae Wint.

On living leaves of Sangninaria Canadensis, June 29, 1894
(Nuttall, 1567).
P. Ipomoeae E. & K.

On Ipomoea pandnrata, Sept. 19. 1895. Spores 5 to 10
X 2 to 2.5 IX (Nuttall, 1861, 749).
P. solitaria E. & E.

On Malus Malus and coronaria, Monongalia, near Alor-
gantown (Sheldon). Berkeley, on Mains Malus at Gerrards
town (Waite).
P. Haynaldi Roum.

On Ilex vcrticUlata. Oct. 5, 1895. Spores ^ to 8 x 2.5 to
3 /x (Nuttall, i^y2, 756).

P. RiBis E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., i :io2 (1896).

Type habitat: On leaves of Rihcs cult. Oct. 21. 1895
(Nuttall, discov., 1882, 768).

Spots large, irregular in shape, .5 to i cm. or often con-
fluent along the margin of the leaf for 2 cm., rusty brown,
becoming whitish or grayish, and mostly zonate, definite, but
without any differently colored border. Perithecia epiphyl-
lous, scattered, 150 to 200 fi diameter, the apex prominent
and black. Sporules oblong-elliptical, hyaline, granular and
nucleate, 15 to 22 x 6 to 9 fx.

Distinguished from P. ribicola Fr., and P. Grossiilariae
Sacc. by its much larger sporules.

50 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. Althaeina Sacc.

On Ahutiloii Aviccnnac. Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all.)
P. Galacis (Cke).*

On leaves of Galax aphylla, May 4, 1894 {Xnttall, 148G,

474)-
P. Ampelopsidis E. & M.

On Parthenocissus quinqncfolia, June 18, 1893 (Xiittall,
1014).
P. asiminae E. & K.

On living leaves Asimiua triloba, Monongalia Co. near
Camp Eden, 1891 (Millspaitgh). On same host June i,
1894, spores 8 to 10 X 6 /x (Nnttall, 1517).
P. QuERCus-PRiNi E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 356.

Type habitat: On leaves Oncrcus Priiius, June 29, 1894
{Nuttall, discov. 1594, 542).

Spots orbicular, rusty brown, definite, with a very narrow
border, 2 to 3 mm. diameter. Perithecia epiphyllous, scat-
tered, erumpent, 90 to no /a diameter. Sporules ovate or
oblong, hyaline, mostly a little curved, 5 to 6.5 x 2 to 2.5 /x.
This comes very near PJi. Ludoviciana E. & E., but in
that species the spots are larger, perithecia more prominent
below, and sporules rather larger. Ph. marginalis E. & E.
also has similar sporules, but the perithecia are hypophyllous.
P. MACROSPORA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 355.

Type habitat : On leaves of Liriodcndroii Tnlipifcra,
Aug. 7, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1654, 574).

Spots few, suborbicular, ferruginous-gray, 3 to 5 mm.
diameter, with a narrow, raised, darker border. Sporules
oblong elliptical hyaline, nucleate, 15 to 30 (mostly 20 to
25) x6to 7/1.
P. PiRiNA Sacc.

On Mains Mahis, Greenbrier, at White Sulphur Springs
(Waite, 716).
P. Rosae Desm.

On Rosa hiimilis. Spores 6 to 7.5 x 2.5 /x Sept. 18, 1895
(Nuttall, 1863).
P. gentianicola (DC).

On leaves of Gentiana Andrezcsii, Sept. 19, 1895. Spores
oval, 7.5 x 5 /i, (Nuttall, 1857).
P. RHOicoLA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894. 356.

Type habitat : Rare, on leaves Rhus radicans. Aug. 18,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1668, 567 in partV

Spots 4 to 6 mm. diameter, deciduous, grayish-white, with

*Phoina Galacis Cke., Messrs. Ellis & Everhart decide from our
specimens that this species belongs in Phyllosticta.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 5 1

a narrow black border. Perithecia epipliyllous, scattered,
lOO to no /x diameter, convex-prominent above, visible also
below. Sporules narrow-elliptical, hyaline, 2-nucleate, 5 to 6
X 2 to 3 /x.

Differs from P. toxica, E. & M., in larger deciduous spots
with a narrow border, and its narrow-elliptical sporules.
P. LiNDERicoLA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 354.

Type habitat : On leaves Benzoin Benzoin, Aug. 26,
1894 {Nuttal, discov. 1688, 593).

Spots various; punctiform and minute without any definite
border, often irregular in shape i mm. to i or 1.5 cm. diam-
eter, or marginal, forming a narrow strip along the edge
of the leaf for half its length, pale brown, nearly the color
of weather-beaten wood, with a dark (almost black) border.
Perithecia epiphyllous, hemispherical, 100 to 120 fj. diameter,
covered by the blackened epidermis which is raised into
pustules barely pierced at the apex. Sporules oblong-el-
liptical, hyaline, 4 to 7 x 2 to 3 ju,.

This differs in almost everv respect from Ph. Linderae
E. & E.
P. Smilacis subeffusa E. & E.

On Smilax rotundifolia, Sept. 21, 1894 {NuttaU, 1701,
594). Perithecia scattered over surface of dead dry leaves
of the host.
P. OxYDENDRi E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., i : 104 (1896).

Type habitat : On leaves of Oxydendron arboreuiii, Oct.
10, 1894 {Nnttall, discov. 1717, 605).

Spots suborbicular or elliptical, reddish-gray, 3 to 8 mm.
diameter, with a narrow, slightly raised dark red border,
beyond which the leaf is generally shaded reddish-purple.
Perithecia epiphyllous, subapplanate, 100 to 120 ^u, diameter.
Sporules oblong-elliptical, 2-nucleate, hyaline, 7 to 8 x 2.5 to
3 /A. The spots finally become of a lighter, dirty-white color.
P. Celastri E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:104 (1896).

Type- HABITAT : On leaves Celastnis scaiidciis, Oct., 1894
(NuttaU, discov. 1718, 606).

Spots mostly marginal, 8.5 to i cm. diameter, ferruginous,
definite, with a narrow, darker border. Perithecia epiphyl-
lous, subapplanate, 150 fi diameter. Sporules oblong, 7 to
10 X 2 to 2.5 IX hyaline, 2-nucleate.
P. globifera E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., i 1104 (1896).

Type habitat: On leaves Conins florida, Oct. 24, 1894
{Nnttall, discov. 1728, 615).

Spots marginal, light-brown, continuous, extending across
the tip of the leaf and partly down each side, 5 to i cm.
wide, separated from the green part of the leaf by a narrow,
purple margin. Perithecia amphigenous, discoid, black, lOO

52 THE WKST VIRGINIA FLORA

to 112 |U, diameter. Sporules globose or short-clliplical. hya-
line, granular, 6 to 8 x 5 to 6 ;ii.
P. Negundinis Sacc.

On Acer Negmido, July 5, 1894. Sporules 5 to 10 x 3 to
7.5 IX {NuttaU, 1631, 560, 561).

P. ^ sp.

On Gciirn Canadensc, Oct. 24, 1894 (N^ittall, 1733).
Spores irregular 4 to 7.5 x 1.5 to 2.5 /x, 2-nucleate.
P. ACERICOLA E. & E.

On living leaves Acer sacchariiiiiin, Putnam Co., near

Buffalo, 1891 (MillspaugJi). On leaves A. ruhnim, June

24, 1894 (Nuttall, 1 561).

P. Xanthorrhizae E. & Nuttall, Field Mus. Bot., i :io5 (1896).

Type habitat : On leaves Xanthorrhisa apiifolia, Nov.

3, 1893 {Nuttall, discov. 1738, 625).

Spots subelliptical, dirty-white in the center with a dark
shaded margin, 3 mm. to i cm. long x 2 to 8 mm. wide,
finally more or less deciduous. Perithecia seated on the
white part of the spots, epiphyllous, subdiscoid, perforated
above, 60 to 75 /x diameter. Sporules oblong-elliptical, hya-
line, 2-nucleate, 5 to 6 x 2.5 to 3 ix.

Accompanied by a Macrosporium on the same spots.

P. sp.

On leaves Rnbiis Canadensis, Nov. 3, 1894. Sporules
variable in form, 5 x 1.25 to 2 ;u, (Nuttall, 1747, 627).
P. cercidicola E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:105 (1896).

Type habitat: On leaves Cercis Canadensis, Nov. 21,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1751).

Spots suborbicular, .5 to i cm. diameter, rusty-brown, be-
coming lighter, paler below, margin narrow reddish-purple.
Perithecia epiphyllous, convex, suberumpent, but covered
(except the apex) by the epidermis, no to 150 /x diameter.
Sporules oblong, slightly narrowed and rounded or obtusely
pointed at the ends, hyaline, 2 to 3-nucleate, 15 to 20 x 6
to 7 /x. _

Differs in the character of the spots, and in the presence
of a perithecium, from Gloeosporium Cercidis, E. & E.
P. Araliae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 355.

Type habitat : On leaves Aralia spinosa, Sept. 20, 1895
(Nuttall, discov. 1703, 598 588?).

Spots suborbicular, light-brown with the margin a little
darker, 5 to i cm. diameter. Perithecia epiphyllous. some-
what flattened, 100 to 150 /x diameter. Sporules oblong-
elliptical, hyaline, 2-nucleate, 10 to 15 x 5 to 6 pi.
P. Sassafras Cooke.

On leaves Sassafras Sassafras, June 28, 1894. Sporules
5 to 7 X 2 to 3 /.I (N lit tall, 1566).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 53

P. Sambuci Desm.

On leaves Sauihiicus Canadensis, July 20, 1894 {Niittall,
1614).
P. Labruscae Thum.

On living leaves Vitis cult. (Concord), Wood Co., near
Lockhart's Run, 1891 {Millspangh). On leaves of V. ocsti-
valis and riipestris, June 29, 1894 {Nuttall, 1569).
P. cornicola (D. C.) Rabh.

On Cornus Horida, Nov. 5, 1894 {Nuttall, 1748, 638).
P. CooKEi Sacc.

On leaves Magnolia acuminata, Aug. 9, 1894. Sporules
15 to 20 X 6 to 7.5 IX (Nuttall, 1655, 577).
P. Tiliae Sacc. ,

On leaves Tilia Americana, Aug. 10, 1894. Sporules 7
to 8 X 2.5 to 3 /^ (Nuttall, 1672, 579).
P. Chionanthi Thum.

On Chionanthus Virginica, Aug. 10, 1895. Spots darker
than in type (from Portugal). Spores round or oval, 5
M or 7.5 X 5 /* (Nuttall, 1833, 724).

P. LiRIODENDRICA SaCC.

On leaves Liriodendron Tidipifera, June 16 and Oct. 29,
1894. Sporules 7.5 to 10 x 2 to 3 /x (Nuttall, 1571). P.
Liriodendri. Cke.
P. Ulmi West?

On leaves Ulmus pubeseens, July 9, 1894. Sporules + 16
X 7.5 fji (Nuttall, 1 63 1, 563).
P. pi-ioiMiFORMis Sacc.

On leaves Onercus Prinus and 0. alba, July 4, 1894.
Sporules 15 to 30 x 6 to 8 ju, (Nuttall, 1585).
P. Castaneae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 357.

Type habitat: On leaves Castanea puniUa (not on Cas-
tanea vesca as originally published). July 26, 1894 (Nuttall,
discov. 1639, 570).

Spots orbicular, rust-color, with narrow dark-shaded mar-
gin. Perithecia epiphyllous, scattered on the spots, dark,
semierumpent, 100 /x diameter, often collapsing. Sporules
oblong, hyaline, 5 to 7 x 2 to 2.5 jx.
P. Lappae Sacc.

On Arctium Lappa, July 20. 1894 (Nuttall, 1613).
P. DioscoREAE Cooke.

On lesLves Dioscorea z'illosa, June 29, 1894 (Nuttall, 1570).
P. Opaca E. & E. Eield Mus. Bot., 1:106 (1896).

Type habitat : On leaves of Ilex opaca. Oct. 5, 1895
(Nuttall, discov., 1881).

Spots mostly marginal or terminal, of irregular shape.
I and 2 cm. across, dirty-white, with a raised subferruginous
narrow border. Perithecia evenly scattered, subepidermal,

54 THE WKST \IRC.INI A FLORA

sublenticular, black, raising the epidermis into pustules, 200
fi, diameter. Sporules elliptical, hyaline, 3 x 1.5 jU..

Differs from P. Ilicis E. & E. only in its minute sporules.

PHOMA Fries.

sp.

On Opiilastcr opidifoHus, May 7, 1894 (Nuttall, 15 10,
494). Spores 7 to 10 x 2.5 to 3 /x.
P. NEGUNDiNicoLA RAMicoLA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894,

357-

Type habitat: On dead twigs Acer Neguiido, April,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1483, 465, 466?).

Perithecia evenly but not thickly scattered, globose, small,
.2 to .33 mm. diameter, covered by the slightly ruptured
epidermis, but distinctly prominent. Sporules oblong, el-
liptical, or ovate hyaline, with a single large nucleus, 10 to

13 X 4 to 5.5 IX.

Differs from the typical form, on the dead peduncles, in its
broader sporules, the former being but 2.5 to 3 /x.
P. Pennsylvanica E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 357.

Type habitat: On dead limbs Acer Pennsylvanicum,
Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall. discov. 1361, 318).

Perithecia numerous, evenly scattered, subepidermal, .33
to .5 mm. diameter, whitish inside, raising the epidermis
into minute pustules, but scarcely rupturing it. Sporules
subglobose, 6 to 7.5 fx diameter, nearly hyaline.

P. Asclepiadea E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:107 (1896).

Type i-iabitat : On dead stems of Aselepias Syriaca, Oct.
10, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1717, 604).

Perithecia thickly, but evenly scattered, subelliptical, no
to 120 fx in the longer diameter, subcuticular, covered by
the blackened epidermis, which is raised into minute pustules
but scarcely ruptured. Sporules oblong-elliptical, 2-nucleate,
hyaline, 5 to 6 x 2 to 2.5 /x. On curved (almost hooked)
basidia 12 to 15 /x long.

Differs from the next form, which occurs with it on the
same stems, in its larger perithecia and sporules and its
curved basidia.
sp.

On dead stems Aselepias Syriaea. Oct. 10, 1894 (Nuttall).

P. MELALEUCA B. & C.

On petioles Aralia spiiiosa, April 25, 1895 (Nuttall, 1810)

P. LEUCOSTOMA LcV.

On Opulaster opulifolius, May 13, 1894. Sporules 2.5 to
4 X I (It (Nuttall, 1506, 487).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SUR\EY 55

P. MIXTA B. & C.

On fire-killed Liriodcndvon Tnlipifcra, Oct. i6, 1894. Spo-
rules appendiculate at each end, 2-niicleate, 7 to 10 x 2 to 3
IX, oblong fusoid ; the accompanying- filiform process hooked
at the apex 20 x .75 to 1.5 /* {Nuttall, 1709).
P. scAijRA Sacc.

On Plataniis occidciitalis, ]\Iarch 30, 1894 (Nuttall, 1459,

434)-
P. OBSCURANS E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 357.

Type habitat: On leaves of Fragaria cult., July 8. 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1600, 554).

Spots 5 to 8 mm. diameter, with a ferruginous center
and broad purple border, paler below. Perithecia few, scat-
tered, convex prominent. Sporules oblong-elliptical, hyaline
2-nucleate, 4.5 to 5.5 x 1.5 to 2 /a. Basidia simple, lanceolate-
fusoid, 8 to 12 X 1.5 M-

Phyllosticta fragaricola Desm. has similar sporules, but
the spots are much smaller, with a white center. The basidia
also indicate Phoma and not Phyllosticta.
P. iLicicoLA (C. & E.) Sacc.

On leaves of Ilex opaca, June 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1017).
P. Spiraeae Desm ?

On Opulaster opidifolius, May 13. 1894. Sporules 10 to
13 X 2 /i, (Nuttall, 1508, 489).
P. herb ARUM West.

On Ouagra biennis, ]\Iarch 18, 1894 (Nuttall, 1435, 406).
P. Phytolaccae B. & C.

On stems Phytolacca dccandra, July 31, 1893 (Nuttall,
1 140).
P. pedunculi E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 357.

Type habitat : On old peduncles Magnolia Fraseri, Jan.,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1339, 297).

Perithecia scattered, flattish pustuliform, .5 to .75 mm.
diameter, with a prominent papilliform ostiolum. Sporules
fusoid-oblong, hyaline, 2 to 3 nucleate, 7 to 11 x 2 to 2.5 ,u
ends acute.

Differs from Stagonospora pedunculi in its larger, flatter
perithecia and fusoid-oblong fnot cylindrical), rather shorter
sporules.
P. UVICOLA B. & C.

On Vitis cult. (Concord), July 4, 1893 (Nuttall, 1108. 94).
P. Nyssaecarpa Cooke.

On dead limbs Nyssa aquatica, April 15. 1895 (Nuttall,
1809, 696). Sporules 10 x 3 ju.
P. samararum Desm.

On samaras Acer P ennsylvanicum , Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall,
1363, 321).

56 THE WEST VIRC.INE-V FLORA

P. Smilacina (Peck) Sacc.

On Smilax rotuiidifolia, Aug. 17, 1894. Sporules about
18 X 6 to 7.5 /x {Nnttall, 1660).

APOSPHAERIA Berk.

A. PEZizoiDES E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 358.

Type habitat: On decorticated trunks of Plataniis oc-
cidentalism Salix nigra falcata, Betula nigra, Fraxinus sp.,
and Liquidainbar Styraciflua, on abrasions made by drift-
wood and ice. where it seems to grow exclusively and al-
ways below high-water mark, April, 1894 {Ntittall, discov.
1458, 432).

Perithecia erumpent-superficial, seriate-aggregate, hemis-
pherical, about .75 mm. diameter, with a distinct papilli-
form ostiolum, at length collapsing and pezizoid or discoid.
Sporules elliptical or ovoid, 4 to 6 x 2.5 /x ends obtuse.

DENDROPHOMA Sacc.

D. Therryana Sacc. & Roum.

On Platanus occidcntalis, April 19, 1894 {Nnttall, 1463).

SPHAERONAEMA Fries.

S. Physocarpi E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 358.

Type habitat : On dead stems Opulastcr opnlifolins,
May, 1894 (Nnttall, discov. 1504, 484).

Perithecia gregarious, erumpent-superficial, hemispherical,
ISO fi diameter, with a straight, stout beak 90 to 115 /x long.
Sporules narrow-elliptical, hyaline, 2 to 3-nucleate, 7 to 9
X 2.5 fJ..
S. iNFUSCANS E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., i : 109 (1896).

Type habitat: On dead dry wood Jnglans cincrca.,
Dec. 5, 1894 (Nnttall, discov. 1766, 661).

Perithecia gregarious, erumpent-superficial, hemispherical,
brownish-black, about .25 mm. diameter, with a short cyl-
indrical (.33 mm.), shining-black, obtuse, perforated ostio-
lum. Sporules abundant, elliptical, continuous, hyaline 3 to
4 X 1.5 /x on basidia simple or branched below, about 12 /*
long and .5 /x thick at the base, narrowed above.

The surface of the wood is blackened.

S. Acerinum Peck.

On Acer rnbrnni, June 12, 1894 (Nnttall, 1543).

S. CORNEUM C. & E.

On Onagra biennis, Jan. 21, 1895 (Nnttall, 1791, 682 in
part).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 57

S. Magnoliae Peck.

On Magnolia acnniinata, Short Creek, alt. i,ooo ft., Aug.
i6, 1894 {XiittaU, 1658). Sporules lo x 6 /a nucleus large.

SIROCOCCUS Preuss.
S. Halesiae E. & E., Proc, Phila. Acad., 1894, 358.

On dead limbs Mohrodendron Caroliiiuni {Halesia tet-
raptcra) Feb. 26, 1894 (XiittaU, discov. 1407, 377, 376?)

Perithecia scattered, or 2 to 3-cornate, erumpent, sub-
globose about .33 mm. diameter, black, with a minute papil-
liform ostiolum. Sporules subglobose, about 3 p. diameter,
greenish-hyaline, 3 to 6-concatenate, the terminal sporule
oblong and paler. Chains simple or sparingly branched,
arising directly from the proliferous layer without any dis-
tinct basidia. collected in stellate clusters.

VERMICULARL\ Fries.
V. PHLOGiNA Fairm.

On dead leaves Phlox ainociia, Sept. 15, 1894 (Xuffall,
1606).

V. COM PACTA C. & E.

On Rnbiis odorafiis, May 30, 1894; sporules 20 to 25 x
30 /A {Xuffall. 1513). On Canlophyllum thalictroides (552).

V. PETIOLORUM Schw.

On Aralia spinosa, and on Robinia Psendacaciaf . Feb. 17,
1894 (Xutfall, 1388, 356).
V. Toxica E. & E., sp. nov?

On Rhus radicans, Aug. 18, 1894 {Xuffall, 1669, 569).
V. Dematium (Pers.) Fr.

On Cassia Marilandica, Oct. 28, 1893 (Xutall, 1251, 193).
On Heuchera Americana.

V. Dematium var.

On Oiiagra biennis. ]\Iarch 9, 1894 (Xutfall, 1434, 405).
V. Arctii Schw.

On dead leaves and petioles Arcfium Lappa, on ground.
July 21, 1894, Sporules fusiform slightly curved + or —
20 X 3 ;«,. Setae 35 to -f 125 x 3 to 5 /^ {Xuffall, 1617).

V. SUBEFFIGURATA Schw.

On fruit peduncles Magnolia Fraseri in association with
Stagonospora pedunculi E. & E., July 25, 1893 {XuftaU,
1136).

V. SUBEFFIGURATA SCAPINCOLA Schw.

Bases of dead leaves Yucca filamentosa cult., Feb. 19
1894. Sporules 18 x 2.5 ^, largest setse 200 fi {Xutfall, 1367).
V. Trautvetteriae Nuttall, sp. nov.

Type habitat : On dead leaves Trautvetfcria Caroliiunisis,
July 15. 1894 {Xutfall, discov. 1633).

58 THE WEST \1KC,1XIA FLORA

Perithccia very small, scattered. Sponiles curved, sharp
pointed, 18 to 25 x 2.5 to 3 fi. Setae + 100 x 10 /x.

V. LILIACEARUM Wcst.

On Asparagus officinalis, Vagnera racemosa, Clintonia uni-
heUidata and Iris cristata? Nov. i, 1893 (Niittall, 1241, 188).

DOTHIORELLA Sacc.

D. AsiMiNAE E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:110 (1896).

On Asimina triloba, Feb. 2, 1894 {Nuttall, 1392, 362}.

Sporules 5 to 7 x 2 to 3 ;ii oval or oblong, some of them

slightly curved. Perithecia suberumpent, seriate, .25 mm.

diameter, white inside and out, ovoid, in series of 3 to 5,

raising the epidermis into short ridges split along the top

so as to expose the pallid white apices of the perithecia.

Sporules oval or elliptical, hyaline, 5 to 7 x 2 to 3 ju..
D. MINOR E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., i :iio (1896).

Type habitat : On dead limbs Liriodcndron Tulipifera

April II, 1895 {Niittall, discov. 1804, 691).

Perithecia seriate-subconfluent, .5 to .75 mm. diameter,

irregularly ruptured above, white inside, erumpent, splitting

the epidermis into short (2 to 4 mm.) longitudinal cracks.

Sporules elliptical, hyaline continuous, 5 to 7.5 x 3 to 3.5 ju.

Dififers from D. Liriodendri, Cke. in its much smaller

sporules.
D. GLANDULOSA (Cooke) Sacc ?

On Ro'binia Psciidacacia, March 14, 1894 (Ntittall, 1423,

395)-

FUSICOCCUM Corda.

F. Ilicinum E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 359.

Type habitat : On dying, transplanted. Ilex opaca
(transplanted Dec. 28, 1893), May 24, 1894 (Nuttall, discov.
1521, 496).

Stromata cortical, convex, about i or 1.5 mm. diameter,
multilocular, whitish inside, the tuberculiform apex pierced
with a single pore, rupturing the epidermis and slightly
raising it. Sporules fusoid, hyaline, nucleate 15 to 22 x 2.5

to 3 fX.

F. nervicolum E. & E, Bull Torr. Club, 25:509 (1898).

Stromata mostly on the midrib and nerves of the leaf,
elliptical, 400-600 /x. long, subcutaneous, black, convex, the
subconoid apex erumpent : sporules narrow-elliptical, hy-
aline, subacute, 2-nucleate, 7-10 x 2.5-3 f^-

On old fallen leaves of Magnolia Fraseri, Nuttallburg.
May, 1898 {Nuttall, g^o).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 59

CYTOSPORELLA Sacc.

C. CARNEA E. & E., Bull., Torr. Club, 24:287 (1897).

Stroma at first tuberculo-hemispherical and covered by
the epidermis, soon erumpent through the transversely or
laciniately ruptured epidermis, brown outside, white and
of firm consistence within (except the central portion), mul-
tilocular cells light-colored ; sporules elliptical, hyaline, con-
tinuous, 5-7 X 2.5-3 M-

The stroma is about 1.5 mm. wide and i mm. high and
finally shrinks away from the ruptured epidermis and then
is more or less distinctly flesh-colored.

On dead limbs of Castanea. Favette : near Nuttallburg,
^larch, 1896 (Nuttall).

CYTOSPORA Ehrenb.

C. Celtidis E. & E.. Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 360.

Type habitat : On dead limbs Ccltis occidenfalis, Feb. 2,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1358, 314).

Stroma valsoid, flat, thin, 1.5 to 2 mm. diameter, only
penetrating the surface of the bark, multilocular, gray in-
side, raising the bark into small pustules and finally ruptur-
ing it, cells representing perithecia. Sporules allantoid, 6

to 7 X I to 1.5 ;U,.

C. Halesiae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 361.

Type habitat : On dead limbs of Mohrodendron Caro-
limim (Halesia tctraptcra) . June 7, 1894 (Nuttall, discov.
1540).

Stromata convex-conical, sunk in the bark, orbicular, about
I mm. diameter, white inside, unilocular, the inner surface
of the cavity lined with simple straight basidia about 15 r.
long, bearing the oblong-fusoid, hyaline, 2-nucleate, straight,
5 to 7 X I to 1.5 /i sporules, which are expelled through a
single orifice perforating the raised epidermis.

This probably is the spermogonial stage of Diaporthe
Halesiae or D. fctraptcrac, both of which are found in com-
pany with it.

C. leucostoma (Pers.) Sacc.

On cultivated Prnnus doincstica and Amygdaliis Pcrsica,
Dec. 12, 1894 (Nuttall, 1769).

C. EXASPERANS E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 360.

Type habitat: On dead limbs Acer Pennsylvamcum,
Feb. 2, 1894, Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft. (Nuttall, discov.
1366).

Stroma buried in the bark, orbicular, about i mm. diame-
ter, 4 to 6-celled (at length one-celled), prolonged above

60 TilE WEST VIRG[NIx\ FLORA

into a stout, conical beak opening by a single round pore at
the apex. Sporules oblong or allantoic!, hyaline, 5 to 7 x

1.25 IX.

C. sp.

On Chioiiaiithus Virginica, March 28, 1894 {Nnttall,
1455, 427).

C. TUAiuLosA E. & E. Bull. Torr. Club, 24:288 (1897).

Stroma cylindric-conical, erumpent, brown, lighter inside,
about I mm. broad, the upper erumpent part .75 mm. high,
sporigerous cells perithecioid, whitish, globose, sunk in the
lower part of the stroma ; sporules allantoid, hyaline, curved,
6-8 X 1.5 fx.

On dead buds of Magnolia Fraseri. Fayette : near Xut-
tallburg, March, i8g6 {Xuttall, 808).
C. Persicae Schw.

On Auiygdaliis Pcrsica cult. "Early Rivers," Ji^i^e 30,

1893 (Niiitall, 1 106).
C. sp.

On Ccrcis Canadensis, April 10, 1894 {Nuttall, i^yi,
447). Spores 5 to 6 X .75 (x.
C. Rhoina Fr.

On Rhus liirta, June 20, 1894. Sporules 5 to 8 jw. {Nut-
tall, 1 551, 636).
C. caryigena E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 359.

Type habitat: On dead limbs Hicoria ovata, May 31,

1894 {Nnttall, discov. 1524, 513).

Stroma cortical, convex. 1.5 to 2 mm. diameter, slaty-
black, 4 to 6-celled, cells yellowish-white, subglobose, small.
Sporules allantoid, hyaline 3.5 to 4.5 x .75 to i jx.

(Spermogonia of Valsa caryigena, B. & C.) ?
C. Riiois-hirtae Nuttall, Field Mus. Bot., 1:112 (1896).

On Rhus hirta, June 10, 1894 {Nuttall, 1533, 635).

The form is clearly distinct from C. Rhoina Fr. Cutus
reddish yellow. Perithecia very prominent. Spores 8 to
10 X 2 to 2.5 fx.
C. Sassafras E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., 1:112 (1896).

Type habitat : On fire-killed twigs of Sassafras Sassa-
fras, Dec. 20, 1894 {Nuttall, discov. 1766, 666). Jamaica,
Long Island (F. C. Stewart).

Stromata thickly scattered, conical, rising from an or-
bicular base about i mm. diameter, the black, shining apices
erumpent and roughening the bark, at first multilocular,
becoming unilocular. Sporules allantoid, hyaline, only
slightly curved, 4 to 5 x 1 /x borne on simple, straight basidia
about 12 IX long.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 6l

C. Betulina Ehr?

On Betula nigra, Feb. 20, 1894. Cirrus yellowish, spor-
ules, 4 to 6 X I /i, {Nuttall, 1396, 367).
C. Salicis (Corda) Rabenh?

On Salix nigra, March 22, 1894 {Nuttall, I42g).
C. Platan I Fckl.

On Plataniis occidcntalis, March 14, 1894 {Niittall, 1424,

396).
C. LEUCOSPERMA (Pcrs) Fr.

On Carpinus Caroliniana, Nov. 17, 1893. Sporules 5 x
I n {Nuttall, 12^7).

C. CERATOPHORA SaCC.

On Fraximis Pennsylvanica, Oct. 17, 1893 {Nuttall, 1234,

163).
C. CuRREYi Sacc?

On Pinus Virginiana, Dec. 13, 1844; on Tsuga Canadensis,
April 15, 1895 {Nuttall, 1771, 697).
C. cocciNEA (Reb.) Fr.

On Robiuia Pscndacacia, Feb. 2, 1894. Sporules 3 x .75
fi {Nuttall, 1355).

C. sp.

Spermogonia of Valsa goniotoma Sz. ? On fire-killed
Liqnidamhar StyraciHiia, Oct. 21, 1895 {Nuttall, 1884).

C. ORTHOSPORA B. & C. ?

On Robiuia Pseudacacia, April 20, 1894. Sporules irregu-
lar in shape 12 to 18 x 2.5 to 3 /x {Nuttall, 1478, 458).

C. CARPKOSPERMA Fr.

On Asimiiia triloba, Nov. 5, 1893 {Nuttall, 1292, 237).

SPHAEROPSIS Lev.
S. LiNDERAE Peck.

On dead twigs Benzoin Benzoin, April 8, 1895 {Ntdtall,

1795)-
S. AsiMiNAE E. & E., Proc, Phila. Acad., 1894, 361.

Type habitat: On dead limbs Asimina triloba, Feb. 24,
1894 {Nuttall, discov. 1397, 370).

Perithecia scattered or subseriate, buried in the bark which
is raised into little pustules over them and soon ruptured.
Perithecia small (.25 mm.) thick-walled, with an obscurely
papilliform ostiolum. Sporules oblong-elliptical, brown, ob-
tuse, 18 to 22 X 8 to 10 n..
S. AsiMiNAE FRUCTiGENA E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., I :ii3 (1896).

Type habitat : On old dried-up fruits of Asimina triloba,
Oct. 3, "1895 {Nuttall, discov. 1871, 755).

A fructigenous form of 5". Asiuiinae E. & E. Perithecia
smaller than in the species (iio to 140 /x) and more abun-
dant. Sporules a little larger (20 to 24 x 9 to 12 jx).

62 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

S. Ampelopsidis C. & E.

On Parthenocissus qiiinqne folia, March 30, 1894. Spor-
ules 18 to 20 X 10 to 12 fx (Nuttall, 1460, 437).
S. Cerasina Peck.

On Primus serotina, alt. 1,200 ft., Nov. 22, 1894 (Nuttall,
1746).
S. Physocarpi E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 361.

Type habitat : On dead Opulaster opulif alius. May 2,

1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1502, 482, 486).

Perithecia scattered, .33 mm. diameter, buried in the inner
bark, with their apices and pipiUiform ostiola erumpent, white
inside (at first), sometimes, as in the preceding species 2 to
3 confluent. Sporules varying from short-elHptical J 2 to
15 X 10 /i to oblong or obovate-elliptical 15 to 20 x 10 fi.

Differs from S. Nielliae E. & E. in its buried perithecia
and much larger sporules.
S. Celastrina Peck.

On branches Celastnis scaiidens, April 27, 1895 (Nuttall,
1812).
S. Malorum Berk.

Berkeley: On Mains Mains at Gerrardstown (Waite).
S. Oenotherae E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:114 (1896).

Type habitat: On dead stems Onagra biennis, Jan. 21,

1895 (Nuttall, discov. 1792, 683).

Perithecia scattered, erumpent, superficial, globose, 200 to
225 /-I diameter, with a papilliform ostiolum, occasionally
subcollapsing above. Sporules oblong-elliptical, pale brown,
20 to 25 X 10 to 12 /x on stout basidia shorter than the
sporules. There are indications that the sporules become
finally uniseptate.
S. SuMACPii (Schw.) C. & E.

On branches Rhus hirta, March 29, 1894. Sporules 20
to 26 X 8 to 12.5 fi (Nuttall, 1439).
S. Sassafras C. & E.

On Sassafras Sassafras, April 10, 1895. Sporules 23 x
ID IX (Nuttall, 1801, 688).
S. phomatella Peck.

On Fraxinus Americana, March 31. 1894 (Nut tall, 1441).
S. Caryae C. & E.

On hickory barrel-hoop, April 9, 1894. Sporules 18 to
25 X 8 to II ju, (Nuttall, 1448).
S. Ipomoeae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 362.

Type habitat : On dead peduncles of Ipomoea pandurata,
Dec. 9, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1305, 249).

Perithecia scattered, ovate-globose, 250 to 300 p diameter,
the upper part prominent and closely covered by the shining

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 63

black epidermis. Sporules elliptical, brown, i8 to 23 x 10
to 13 /x on pedicels of about the same length as the sporules.
S. Menispermi Peck.

On Menispermiim Canadensis, Jan. 17, 1894 {Nnttall,
1343. 302).

CONIOTHYRIUM Corda.
C. FucKELii Sacc.

On Parthenocissus quinqucfolia, sporules globular, 2 to
2.5 11 March 31, 1894 {Nuitall, 1442).
C. coNCENTRicuM (Dcsm.) Sacc. ?

On leaves Yucca Ulamentosa, Sept. i, 1894 (Nuttall,
1 187).

C. PiRiNA (Sacc.) J. L. Sheldon. (Phyllosticta Sacc.)

On leaves Mains, Greenbrier : at Blue Sulphur Springs
{Nuttall, 1624.) On same, Monongalia: near Morgantown
(Sheldon).

HAPLOSPORELLA Sperg.

H. Celtidis E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 362.

Type hap.itat : On dead limbs Celtis occidcntalis, Feb. 2,
1894 (Nnttall, discov. 1359, 315).

Perithecia mostly in valsoid clusters of 3 to 10, small, 200
IX white inside, slightly sunk in the inner bark, their papilli-
form ostiola rupturing the epidermis. Sporules elliptical,
brown, continuous, 18 to 22 x 10 to 12 )U on basidia of about
the same length as the sporules.
H. Araliae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 362.

Type habitat : On dead limbs Aralia spinosa, Feb. 26,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1406, 375).

Stromata seriate-connate, erumpent through longitudinal
cracks in the bark, and extending from 4 to 5 mm. to 2 or
more centimetres. Perithecia ovate-globose, buried in the
black, subcarbonaceous stroma, 3 to 6 in each single stroma,
about .33 mm. diameter. Sporules elliptical, brown, 20 to
25 X 10 to 12 ix.

This may be the pycnidia of Botryosphaeria fuliginosa
(M. & N.).

DIPLODIA Fries.

D. LiRiODENDRi Peck.

On fire killed Liriodendron Tulipifera, Oct. 16, 1894
(Nuttall, 1710).
D. Salicina Lev.

On dead twigs Salix nigra, ]\Iarch 25, 1894 (Nuttall,
1457)-

64 THE WEST \1RG1NIA ELORA

D. Cercidis E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad, 1894, 363.

Type habitat : On dead limbs Coxis Canadensis, April
9, 1894 (NiittaU, discov. 1475, 449).

Perithecia subseriate, globose, .33 to .5 mm. diameter,
slightly sunk in the inner bark and splitting the epidermis
with short longitudinal clefts. Sporules elliptical, 20 to
23 X 10 to 15 /A on stout basidia, uniseptate.
D. INFUSCANS E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 363.

Type habitat: On bark of dead limbs Fraxinits Ameri-
cana, April 27, 1894 {Nuttall, discov. 1492, 459).

Perithecia ovate-globose, small, no to 150 /x diametei,

thickly scattered, blackening both the outer and inner sur-

• face of the bark. Ostiolum not conspicuous, obscurely

papilliform. Sporules oblong-elliptical, 12 to 15 x 8 to 10 ,u

scarcely constricted.

In i). inqninans West, the sporules and perithecia are
larger, and the bark is not blackened within.
D. ATRATA (Desm.) Sacc.

On dead limbs Acer Negnndo, April 20, 1894 (Nuttall,
1465)-
D. CARYiGENA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 363.

Type habitat: On dead limbs _ Hicoria oz'ata. May 31,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1525). Also Canada (Dcarness.)

Perithecia subseriate, sunk in the inner bark, covered by
the epidermis, which is raised into pustules and ruptured,
about .5 mm. diameter, black. Sporules elliptical, brown,
uniseptate, scarcely constricted, 15 to 20 x 8 to 10 /x (Pycnidia
of Valsa caryigena B. & C).
D. Viticola Desm.

On Vitis, March 26, 1894. No septum visible in sporules
(Nuttall, 1443, 412).
D. iLicicoLA Desm. ?

On Ilex opaca, Dec. 20, 1894. Sporules 22 to 25 x 11 to
13 ju, (Nuttall, 1777, 667).
D. RuBi Fr.

On Riihiis cult., P^eb. 19, 1895. Sporules 20 x 8 to 12 w
(Nuttall,- 1789).
D. INQUINANS West.

On Fraxinns Americana, April 27, 1894 (Nuttall, 1491,
459)-

D. JUGEANDIS Fr.

On Juglans cinerea, April 9, 1894 (Nuttall, 1449).
D. IMaydis (Berk.) Sacc.

On Zea Mays, Aug. 10, 1895. Spores 30 x 4 /x (Nuttall,
1840, 729).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURXEY 65

D. PARAPHYSATA E. & E. ? Biill. Torr. Club, 24:288 (1897).

Perithecia subcuticular, depressed-globose, pilose-tomen-
tose, black (white inside), 300-400 fx diam. with papilliform
osteolum raising the epidermis into pustules and finally rup-
turing it, thickly scattered, often 2-3 sub-confluent; sporules
ovate-elliptical, hyaline at first, then brown and uniseptate
but not constricted, 22-27 x 12-15 l^> accompanied by stout
branching paraphyses loo-iio /x long by 1.5-2 ju, thick and
borne on stout basidia mostly shorter than the sporules.

On bark of Tilia, in company with IMalanconis tiliacea.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, March, 1896. (Nuftall, 832).

BOTRYODIPLODIA Sacc.
B. AcERiNA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 363.

Type habitat : On dead limbs Acer Pcnnsylvanictun,
Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1362, 319).

Perithecia erumpent in botryoidal clusters, often seri-
ately confluent for i or more cm., about .5 mm. diameter,
white inside, flattish above, with a broad papilliform osti-
olum. Sporules elliptical, brown, uniseptate, 20 to 25 x 12
to 15 /x on basidia of about the same length.

B. sp.

Stylosporus stage ? of Pseiidovalsa sigmoid e a (C. & E.)
On dead limbs Qucrcus Primis, with that species. Spores
brown, i-septate 25 x 12.5 fi (Nuttall, 1829).

ASCOCHYTA Lib.
A. Clematidina Thum.

On Clematis Virginiana, Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall, 1842,

733)-

ACTINONEMA Fries.
A RosAE (Lib.) Fr.

On Rosa cult., June 27, 1894 (Nuttall, 1563).

HENDERSONL-V Berk.
H. Lirella Cooke.

On Sali.v nigra falcata, April 23, 1894 (Xuttall, 1480.
460). Sporules 15 x 7.5 fx.
H. Desmazieri Mont.

On bark of limbs Platainis occideiitalis, April 24, 189.1..
Sporules -j- 40 x 22 /j. (Nuttall, 1466).

STAGONOSPORA Sacc.
S. petiolorum E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 365.

Type habit.^t : On dead petioles Aralia spinosa, Feb. 17,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. -1389, 357).

66 THE WKST \IR(;iNlA JLORA

Perithecia scattered, innate, small, slightly prominent and

covered by the shining, blackened epidermis, 150 to 250 m

diameter, mostly sub-elliptical. Sporules oblong, hyaline,

nucleate, becoming one or more septate, 12 to 20 x 2 to 5 fi.

S. PEDUNCULi E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1893, 457.

Type habitat : On old fruit peduncles Magnolia Fraseri
(not LiRiODENDRON TuLiPiFERA, loc. cit. ) . Short Creek,
July 25, 1893 {Nuttall, discov. 1135, 119).

Perithecia gregarious, pustuliform, about .33 mm. diame-
ter, covered by the blackened epidermis. Sporules cylin-
drical, 18 to 22 X 2 to 2.5 fx, multinucleate, hyaline, straight.
S. Physocarpi E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 365.

Type habitat: On dead stems and limbs Optilastcr opiili-
foliiis, May 12, 1894 {Nuttall discov. 1505, 485).

Perithecia scattered, depressed-hemispherical ; 200 to 250 u
diameter, sunk in the bark, with the upper part prominent
but covered by the epidermis, which is pierced by the papilli-
form ostiolum, white inside. Sporules linear, multiseptate,
hyaline 25 to 35 x 3 to 4 /x.
S. collapsa (C. & E.) Sacc.

On Acer saccharinum, Jan. 26, 1894. Sporules 15 to 23 x
3 IX {Nuttall, 1353, 309).'
S. sp.

On Chionanthus Virginica (Nuttall, 1462, 440). Spores
-|- 25 X 7 /x 4-septate. This may prove to be only a stylos-
porus stage of some Diothidaceous species — Ellis.

GLO^IERELLA S. & Von S.
G. RUFOMACULANS (Berk.) S. & von S. Berkeley: on Mains
Malus fruit at Gerrardstown (Waite).

CAMAROSPORUM Schulz.
C. Linderae E. & E., Field Mus. Bot, i :ii7 (1896).

Type habitat: On dead limbs Benzoin Benzoin, April 15,
1895 (Nuttall, discov. 180S, 694).

Perithecia scattered, semierumpent .75 mm. diameter, the
upper part, except the papilliform, erumpent ostiolum, cov-
ered by the closely adherent epidermis, which is raised into
distinct, hemispherical pustules. Sporules oblong, 3-septatc
with I to 2 cells divided by a longitudinal septum, brown,
obtuse, not constricted 12 to 18 (mostly 12 to 15) x 5 to 7 jti.
The perithecia are of a firm consistence and slaty-black inside

SEPTORIA Fries.
S. Tecomae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 367.

Type habitat: On leaves Tecoma radicans, Aug. 11,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1671, 580).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURX'EY O/

•

Spots light brown (wood color), irregular in shape, small,
1.5 to 2 mm., inconspicuous and indistinctly margined.
Perithecia immersed, small (65 to 70 /a) barely visible with a
lens. Sporules 40 to 50 x 2 to 2.5 fi, not strongly curved,
nucleate, hvaline.
S. Brassicae E. &-E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:117 (1896).

Type habitat : On leaves Brassica nigra, Nov. 26, 1894
{Nuttall, discov. 1759, 646).

Spots suborbicular or subangular, 3 to 4 mm. diameter,
dull white with a narrow, darker and sometimes slightly
raised border. Perithecia epiphyllous, numerous, sublenticu-
lar, pale brown, coarsely cellular, broadly perforated above,
100 to 115 /x diameter. Sporules numerous, curved, obtuse,
continuous, hyaline, 25 to 45 x 2 to 3 ix.

Closely allied to ^9. Sisymbrii Ell., but that has the spots
greenish at first and never becoming more than whitish and
the sporules i to 3-septate.
S. Rub I West.

On living leaves Rnbus Canadensis, Wood Co., Lcckhart's
Run, 1891 (Millspaugh). On same host July 26, 1894
(Nuttall, 1627).
S. CoRNi-MARis Sacc.

On Cornus Horida. alt. 1,700 ft., July 19, 1894 (Nuttall.
1612).
S. coRNicoLA Desmz.

On Cornus alternifolia, Sewell Valley, Aug. 6, 1894
(Nuttall, 1647).
S. kalmiaecola (Schw.) B. & C.

On living leaves Kalmia latifolia, 1891, Monongalia Co., at
Camp Eden (Millspaugh).
S. ochroleuca B. & C.

On leaves Castanca dentata, June 30, 1894. Maximum
number of perithecia in a single macula 20 (Nuttall, i579)-

S. MICROSPERMA Peck.

On Bettda lenta, ah. 1,200 ft., Oct .24, 1894. Sporules +
18 X .25 m (Nuttall, 1722).
S. PoLYMNiAE E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 368.

Type habitat : On leaves Polymnia Uvedalia, June 29.
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1595, 543).

Spots, scattered, angular, limited by the veinlets, 2 to 4
mm. diameter, dirty green. Perithecia epiphyllous, minute,
75 IX diameter, scattered, innate, inconspicuous. Sporules fili-
form, continuous, 35 to 50 x i to- 1.25 (x.
S. Trautvetteriae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad.. 1894, 368.

Type habitat: On Trautvetteria Carolinensis, July 20.
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1632, 564).

Spots irregular, subangular, partly limited by the veinlets

68 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

of the leaf, often elongated and acute at one end, brownish-
black, with an irregularly shaped white center, which is well
defined, angular, 3 to 5 mm. in the longer diameter. Peri-
thecia epiphyllous, but also visible below, small (65 to 75 /x),
scattered, dark. Sporules abundant, nearly straight or slight-
ly curved, continuous, 22 to 30 x 2 /x.

Differs from S. Anciiiouis Desm. in its broad, dark-
margined white-centered spots, and rather longer and thicker
sporules.
S. iiYALiNA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 368.

Type habitat: On Viola primiilac folia, July 26, 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1641, 572). Also on V. blanda, Michigan
(Hicks) ; and on F. lanccolata, Massachusetts {Miss Clarke).

Spots minute (.5 to i mm.) white, with a dark purple-
shaded border. Perithecia punctiform, black, epiphyllous,
subglobose, 65 to 75 ix diameter, not abundant. Sporules
filiform, nearly straight, or slightly curved, hyaline, nucleate^
not visibly septate, 20 to 40 (mostly 25 to 35) x i to 1.25 ix.

S. Vio'lae West, has yellowish-brown perithecia on pale
zonate spots with a reddish-brown border.
S. ACICULOSA E. & E.

On Fragaria cult., Nov. 3, 1894. Sporules 15 to 25 x .75 m
(Nuttall, ^72,^).
S. Helianthi E. & K.

On Helianthus dccapctalus, Oct. 29, 1894. Sporules 50 x
2 (JL (Nuttall, 1722,).
S. Leptostachyae E. & K.

On leaves Phryma Lcptostachya, July 4, 1894. Sporules
20 to 25 X I yu, (Nuttall, 1584).
S. Nolitangere Thum.

On Impatiens biflora, Aug. 5, 1894. Sporules 20 to 25 x
1.5 to 2 fx (Nuttall, 1649).
S. Violae West.

On J^iola sagittata, June 30, 1893. Sporules + 25 x 1.25
fx (Nuttall, 1577).
S. Saxifragae Pass.

On Heiichera Americana, June 10, 1894. Sporules 15 to
20 X 2.5 to 3 /x (Nuttall, 1544, 521).
S. Lobeliae Peck.

On Lobelia cardinalis. June 22, 1894 (Nuttall, 1559).

S. SCROPFIULARIAE Pcck.

On Scrophularia Marilandica. June 10, 1894. Sporules 40
to 50 IX long (Nuttall, 1538).
S. Verbenae Rob. & Desm.

On leaves Verb'ena urticacfolia, Jefferson Co., near Shen-
andoah Junction (Millspaugh).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 69

S. PSILOSTEGA E. & M.

On Galium circaczans, ]n\\ 14, 1894 {Nuttall, 1604).
S. Nabali B. & C. ?

On Prenanthes serpentaria, June 8, 1894 {Nuttall, 1536).

S. ATRO-PURPUREA Peck.

On Aster cordif alius, Nov. 24, 1894. Sporules + 35 to
55 X I to 1.5 fi (Nuttall, 1757, 644).
S. PoLYGONORUM Desm.

On Polygonum Hydropiper, June 8, 1894. Sporules 25 to
40 X 1.5 IX (Nitttall, 1537).
S. Smilacinae E. & M.

On Vagnera racemosa (Smilacina), Aug. 14, 1894.
Maculse suffused with the marginal color lato in season
(Nuttall, 1252).

RHABDOSPORA Mont.
R. Kalmiarum (Schw.)*

Sphaeria Kalmiauum Schw. On Kalmia latifolia, Aug.
26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1685, 590)-

PHLYCTAENA Mont & Desm.

P. VAGABUNDA Dcsm.

On Vernonia Novchoracensis, Phytolacca decandra and
Onagra biennis, March 18, 1894 (Nitttall, 1436, 408).

P. SEPTORIOIDES SaCC.

On Phytolacca decandra, May 25, 1894 (Nuttall, 1498).
P. Ipomoeae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 369.

Type habitat : On calyx lobes Ipomoea pandurata, Dec.
9, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1305, 250).

Perithecia scattered, subcuticular, 75 to 80 fx diameter,
covered by the blackened, slightly raised epidermis. Spor-
ules linear, hyaline, curved above, 15 to 20 x 1.25 fx.
P. arcuata Berk.

On Onagra biennis, March 18, 1894. Sporules 30 to 35 x
.75 /x (Nuttall, 1433,403).

GELATINOSPORUM Peck.
G. Betulinum Peck.

On Bctula lenta, April 12, 1895. Sporules subfiliform
nearly semicircular, 32 to 40 x 2.5 11 (Nuttall, i7()y).

SPHAEROGRAPHUM Sacc.
S. hystricinum (Ell.) Sacc.

On A.zalea viscosa, May 4, 1894. Sporules narrowly
arcuate-falcate 34 x 3 ju (Nuttall, 1501, 481).

''Transferred to Rhabdospora by E. & E.

yO THE WEST \1RC.1MA FLORA

S. Fkaxini (Peck) Sacc.

On dead limbs Fraxiniis Americana, Short Creek, alt. 1,300
ft., July 16, 1894. Sporiiles 50 to 60 x 2.5 ix (Nuttall, 1609).

NECTRIOIDACEAE.

ASCHERSONIA Mont.

A. sp.

On Cornus florida. Spores 3 to 5 x .75 ju {Nuttall, 1800,
687). ■

LEPTOSTROMACEAE.

LEPTOTHYRIUM Kunze & Schm.
L. Pyri Sacc.

Berkeley: On Mains Mains at Gerrardstown (IVaite).

L. sp.

On living- leaves Ilex opaca, Aug., 1894 (Nuttall, 1679,
584). Maculse white.
L. LiRiODENDRi Cke.

On dead fallen leaves Liriodendron Tulipifera, April 17,
1895 (Nnttall, 1805).
L. DRYiNUM Sacc.

On living leaves Quercus rubra, alt. 1,300 ft., June 29.
1894 (Nnttall, 1592, 540).
L. Castaneae (Spr.) Sacc.

On fallen leaves Castanea dentata, April 17, 1895 (Nnttall
1806).

L. PETioLORUM ■ — var.

On dead leaves Magnolia Fraseri, April 11, 1895. Sporules
5 X I /A (Nnttall, 1802, 689).

L? FORAMINULATUM SaCC. & Ell.

On fallen leaves Ilex opaca, Aug. 16, 1894. Sporules 25 x
3 (x (Nuttall, 1657).
L. vuLGARE (Fr.) Sacc.

On Dioscorea villosa, on Aralia spina sa, and on Onagra
biennis. Sporules 5 to 7 x .75 /x on each host, Feb. 8, 1894
(Nuttall, 1368, 323Y

SACIDIUM Nees.
S. ViTis E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:121 (1896).

Type habitat: On Vitis cordifolia, Nov. 6, 1893 (Nuttall,
I2S4, 198). Fungi Columbiani 290, N. A. F., 3067.

Perithecia scattered ; scutellate not perforated, 180 to 220
/x diameter. Sporules oblong-cylindrical, straight or curved,
15 to 20 x 4 to 5 IX, filled with small nuclei.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY "Jl

In the specimens of Sacidium viticolmn, B. & C. in Rav.
F. Am. the sporules are ovate or elHptical, 6 to 7 x 5 ju, and
the perithecia are only 75 to 100 ii diameter.

DISCOSIA Lib.
D. Artoceras (Tode) Fr.

On Castanea dentata, Oct. 20, 1893. On Epigaea repens,
Jan. 18, 1894. On Betula lutea, Fraxinus Pennsylvanica,
Magnolia Frascri, Cor mis Uorida, Sassafras Sassafras, and
Cephalanthus occidcntalis (NuttaU, 1228, 173).
D. MACULicoLA Gcr.

On Hving- leaves Dispormn lanuginosuin, Grant Co., near
Bayard (Millspaitgh). On Smilax rotnndifolia and Oxyden-
dron arbor eum, July 8, 1894 (Nut tall, 1598).

D. RUGULOSA B. & C.

Parasitic on 'upper surface of the maculae of Phyllosticta
caryigcna, July 2, 1894 (NuttaU, 1583).

ENTOMOSPORIUM Lev.

E. MACULATUM LcV.

On living leaves and fruits Pynis comnimus cult., Monon-
galia Co., Morgantown (Millspaugh) .

LEPTOSTROMELLA Sacc.
L. FiLiciNA (B. & C.) Sacc.

On Dryoptcris spimdosa, May 4, 1894 (NuttaU, 1487).

EXCIPULACEAE.

DINEMASPORIUA/T Lev.
D. HispiDULUM (Schrad.) Sacc.

On Asimina triloba, March 9, 1894. Sporules 14 to 18 x
2 to 2.3 IX (NuttaU, 1422, 394).

. MELANCONI ACEAE.

HAINESIA Ell. & Sacc.
H. RuBi (West).

On leaves of Rnbits cult. Oct. 28. 1895 (NuttaU, 1880).

GLOEOSPORIUM Desm. & Mont.

G. sp.

On leaves of Cercis Canadensis (NuttaU, 985). Sporules
18 X 7.5, + 20 X y.^, 23 X 7, 2S X 6 fi.
G. Sanguinariae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 371.

Type habitat : On leaves Sanguinaria Canadensis, July
8, 1894 (NuttaU, discov. 160T. 555).

'J2 Tin; WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Spots yellow, oblong or irregular, 3 to 5 mm. diameter,
situated near the apex of the leaf which is more or less uni-
formly blackened. Acervuli epiphyllous, numerous, innate,
yellow and conspicuous. Conidia oblong, hyaline, continuous,
mostly a little curved, 8 to 15 x 3.5 to 5.5 /x..
G. ARIDUM E. & H.

On Fraxiiuis Pcniis\lvanica, June 10, 1894 (Ntittall, 154^,

518)-
G. RuMicis E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:122 (1896).

Type habitat: On leaves Rumex obtusifoHiis, Oct. 27,
1894 (Nut tall, discov. 1729, 617).

Spots reddish-brown, lighter in the center, more or less
distinctly zonate, 3 to 4 mm. diameter, margin darker. Acer-
vuli innate, small. Sporules erumpent above, oblong, hyaline,
continuous, 5 to 8 x 2 to 2.5 fi.

The spots resemble those of Ovnlaria obliqiia Ckc, on
Ramularia decipiens E. & E.
G. Alni E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., i :i23 (1896).

Type habitat : On living leaves Alnus riigosa, Nov. 24,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1737, 624).

Spots dirty brown, suborbicular, indistinctly zonate, .5 to
I cm. diameter, paler in the center, border concolorous, rather
indefinite; acervuli epiphyllous, numerous, small, 100 to 120
fjL diaftieter, chestnut color, becoming darker ; conidia oblong-
elliptical, 12 to 16 X 6 to 8 ju,.

Differs from G. cylindrospcrmiim Bon., on the same host,
in its much broader conidia, and from G. riihicohim E. & E.
in the different character of the spots and rather broader
conidia.
G. nervisequum (Fckl.) Sacc.

On leaves Platanus occidciitalis, June 10, 1894. Sporules
12.5 to 18 X 4 to 6 /x (Nuttall, 1555, 526).
G. RoBERGEi Desm.

On Carpiiius Caroliniana; July 16, 1894 (Nuttall, 1608).
G. betularum Ell. 81 Mart.

On Betula nigra, sporules 10 x 7 ju, July 16, 1894 (Nutt-
all, 1607).

G. CYLINDROSPERMUM BoU.

On leaves of Altius rugosa. Spores 8 to 10 x 2 to 2.5 ju
(Nuttall 1875).
G. VENETUM Speg.

On living leaves of Rubus strigosus, Sept. 19, 1895 (Nutt-
all, 1859).
G. RUBicoLUM E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:123 (1896).

Type habitat: On leaves of Rubus strigosus (Nuttall,
discov. 747).

Spots at first numerous, angular, small and yellowish or

WEST X'IRGIXIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 'J^i

reddish-yellow, soon confluent forming large, brown, dry,
dead spots of irregular shape and indefinite outline, occupy-
ing a large part of the leaf. Acervuli not numerous, scat-
tered, epiphyllous, prominent, resembling perithecia; conidia
oblong-elliptical, 12 to 16 x 6 to 7 ju,.

Differs from G. Rubi E. & E. in its larger, fewer, black
acervuli and broader conidia, which also are about twice
as large as in G. Venetum Speg.

MYXOSPORIUM Link.
M. LUTEM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1893, 458.

Type habitat : On bark Hicoria ovata, April to July.

1893 {Nuttall, discov. 1015, 79). E. & E. N. A. F. 2953.
Fungi Columbian! 150.

Stroma globose-conical, light yellow, .75 to i mm. diam-
eter, slightly sunk in the inner bark, unilocular and opening
by a single pore. The surface of the inner bark around
this pore is of a pale slate color, the colored portion definitely
limited by a black line so as to form an irregular circle
about 2 mm. across, but this line does not penetrate the bark.
Sporules navicular-oblong, hyaline, obtuse, 10 to 11 x 4 to
5 IX wdth I to 2 large nuclei. Basidia slender-cylindrical 15
to 20 X 1.5 |U. Mass of exuded sporules flesh color.
M. Rhois (B. & C.) Sacc.

On fire killed Rhus Iiirta, June 20, 1895 (Nuttall, 157=;,

.537)-
J\I. PLATANicoLUM E. & E., Proc Phila. Acad., 1894, 372.

Type habitat: On limbs Platanns occidentalis, April 2|,

1894 ( Nuttall, discov. 1485, 467).

Acervuli subcutaneous, vesiculoid, pale, i mm. diameter,
raising the ruptured epidermis into pustules but not erump-
ent. Sporules oval or oblong-ovate, hyaline, nucleate at first,
10 to 12 X 5 to 6 /x, on stout basidia.
M. SERiATUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 372.

Type habitat : On bark of Acer sp., June, 1894 (Nuttall,
discov. 1552, 523).

Nuclei pallid, orbicular, about i mm. diameter, seated
on the surface of the inner bark ; surrounded by a thin
layer of smoky colored radiating hyphae, from the inner
extremities of which the botuliform or oblong, 6 to 8 x 2
to 2.5 fi hyaline conidia are produced. The nuclei are seri-
ately arranged, and the pale flesh-colored, flattish cirrTii ar.:;
erumpent through narrow, longitudinal cracks in the bark.

74 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

COLLETOTRICHUM Corda.

C. LiNDEMUTHIANUM (S. & M.) Scrib.

On pods of Phaseoliis cult. "Wax, Butter Bean." Monun-
galia Co., near Morgantown, 1891 (Millspangh).

C. ' — ' sp.

On Sassafras Sassafras, Oct. 15, 1894. Sporuies 8 to 18
X 4 to 7 ju. (Nuttall, 1714, 602).
C. LiNEOLA Corda.

On Zea Mays, Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall, 1834, 726).
C. LAGENARiuM (Pass.) Ell. & Halst.

On watermelon, Monongalia, near Morgantown (Sheldon) .

CYLINDROSPORIUM Ung.
C. Crataegi E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 372.

Type habitat : On leaves Crataegus sp., July 26, 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1640, 571).

Leaves more or less mottled with rusty red, at length uni-
formly of this same color. Acervuli innate, erumpent on
both sides, and whitening the surface of the leaf with abun-
dantly discharged conidia, which are 75 to 100 x 3 to 3.5 /x,
nearly straight or more or less undulate and curved, nucleate,
and faintly 3 to 5 septate.
'C. ToxicoDENDRi (Curtis) E. & E. Proc. Phila. Acad., 1893, 460.
On leaves Rhus radicans, June 29, 1894. Sporuies, largest,
50 x 3 /i (Nuttall, 1568).

LIBERTELLA Desm.
L. faginea Desm.

On bark of dead Fagus atropunicea, Grant Co., near
Bayard (Millspaugh). On dead Prumis sp. cult. Aug. 10,
1895. Cirrus bright red. Sporuies variously curved 15 to
25 X I ^ (Nuttall, 1843, 734)-

L. sp.

On felled Robinia Pscudacacia, April 4, 1894. Sporuies
15 to 20 X .75 to I ji (Nuttall, 1470, 446).
L. acerina Westend.

On Acer rubrum or saccharinum, April 4, 1894. Sporuies
hyaline. 15 to 18 x i /x (Nuttall, 1445).

MELANCONIUM Link.
M. py^LLiDUM Peck.

On dead limbs Hicoria ovata. Sporuies -|- 20 x 5 /x.
May 31, 1894 (Nuttall, 15 14).
M. OBLONGUM Berk.

On dead limbs Juglans cinerea. Sporuies 20 x 10 to 2 fi,
Dec. 5, 1893 (Nuttall, 1291, 236).

WEST VIRGINIA GFOLOGICAL SURVEY 75

M. BicoLOR Nees.

On Betiila nigra, May 2, 1894 {Nuttall, 1489).

THYRSIDIUM Mont.

T. HEDERICOLUM CaRPINI SaCC.

On dead shoots Carpinus Caroliniana, May 2, 1894 {Nutt-
all, i486).

MARSONIA Fisch.
M. JuGLANDis (Lib.) Sacc.

On Jiiglans cincrca, June 22, 1894 {Nuttall, 1560).
M. Martini Sacc. & Ell.

On Quercns alba, velutina, et Prinns, Aug. 18, 1894 {Nutt-
all, 1674, 583).

CORYNEUM Nees.
C. cupuLATUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 374.

Type habitat : On dead limbs Tsuga Canadensis, Short
Creek, Dec. 16, 1893 {Nuttall, discov. 1317, 272).

Erumpent superficial. Acervuli tuberculiform, black, i to
1.5 mm. diameter, hollowed out so as to be cup-shaped above.
Conidia clavate, sessile, 6 to 9 septate, brown, 60 to 80 x
12 to 15 fi.

C. PUSTULATUM Pcck.

On dead limbs Castanea dentata, Dec. 7, 1893 {Nuttall,
1383).

PESTALOZZIA DeNot.

P. sp.

On leaves Geiim Canadense, Oct. 24, 1894 {Nuttall, 1734).
Sporules 20 x 6 ju. Setre 5 to 12 fi long.
P. FUNEREA Desm.

On Ipomoea pandurata, Sept. 19, 1895. Spores 23 to 25 x
6 to 7.5 IX {Nuttall, 1862. 750).
P. GuEPiNi Desm.

On leaves Rhododendron maxinium, R. Catarcvhiense and
Asalia viscosa. Spores 18 to 20 x 8 jn, Aug. 2, 1894 {Nutt
all, 1 149).
P. Jefferisii Ell?

On Opulaster opidifolius, sporules 10 to 15 x 4 to 5 and
25 X 5 /i, May 7, 1894 (Nuttall, 1509).
P. Toxica E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 374.

Type habitat: On leaves Rhus radicans, Aug. 18, 1894
{Nuttall, 1670, 567).

Spots and perithecia as in Phyllosticta rhoicola E. '& E.
Sporules clavate-oblong, 4-septate, 12 to 15 x 4 to 5 /x, 3

76 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

intermediate cells pale brown, end cells short, conical, hyaline,
the upper cell with a crest of 3 short, spreading hyaline
bristles 6 to 7 /x long. Distance between the two extreme
cells 12 /x, pedicels shorter than the spores.

STEGANOSPORIUM Corda.
S. Castaneae Lib?

On Castanca dentata, Nov. 14, 1893 {Ntittall, 1275, 221)-
S. piRiFORME (Hoffm.) Corda.

On dying Acer riibrum, June 12, 1894 (Nuttall, 1553).
S. aiuricatum Bon.

On dead limbs Betula nigra in drift-wood along river,
Oct. 21, 1895. Spores 35 to 50 x 15 to 18 /x (Nuttall, 1878).

USTILAGINACEAE.

USTILAGO Pers.
Q. tritici (Pers.) Rostr.

On living leaves Triticum viilgare. Clinton, North Am
Flora, 7:8.
U. utriculosa (Nees) Tul.

On Polygonum Pennsylvanicum. Clinton, North Am.
Flora, 7 :22. (Sheldon, 22t,o).
U. ANOMALA J. Kunze.

On Plygonum scandejts. Clinton, North Am. Flora, 7 :22.

U. AvENAE (Pers.) Jens. (U. segetum of Flora).

On living heads of wheat and oats, Monongalia Co., near

Morgantown ; Lewis Co., near Alum Bridge ; Taylor Co.,.

near Thornton (Millspaugh).

U. TRicuspiDis, Ell & Gall.

On Sieglingia seslerioides. Clinton, North Am. Flora,

7:13-
U. Zeae (Beckm.) Linger. (U. Maydis Corda).

On living ears and tassels of sweet corn, prevalent in
Monongalia Co., 1891 ; near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On
garden corn, July 31, 1894 (Niittall, 1636).
U. LAEVis (Kell. & Swing.) Magn. (U. avenae laevis, Kell &
Swing.).

On oats, Sewell Mountain, alt. 2,600 ft., Aug. 23, 1894
(Nuttall, 1678).

U. PERENNANS Rostr.

On Arrhenathernm elatius (Sheldon, 2361).
U. CESATi F. de W.

On Panicum sangtiinale (Sheldon, 910).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 77

SPHACELOTHECA DeBary.
S. Hydropiperis (Schtim.) DeBary.

On Polygonum sagittatnin. Clinton, North Am. Flora,
7:30-

TILLETIA Tul.
T. STRiAEFORMis (Wcst) Wint.

On Phleuni pratcnsc, Poa pratensis and Agrosfis alba
(Sheldon, 51, 1589. 1380, 3556, 507).
T. Tritici (Bjerk.) Wint.

Ustilago tritici, C. Bauhin. On living leaves of wheat,
Monongalia Co.. near ]\Iorgantown (Millspaugh).

ENTYLOMA DeBy.
E. Floerkeae Holw.

On Flocrkca proscrpinacoidcs (Sheldon, 3549).
E. Menispermi Pass.

On Menisperimini Canadense (Sheldon, 1050).

GRAPHIOLA Poit.
G. Phoenicis (Moug.) Poit.

On a species of cultivated Phoenix (Sheldon, 757).

UROCYSTIS Rabenh.
U. Anemones (Pers.) Wint.

On living leaves and under stem cuticle of Actaea alba,
Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (Millspaugh) .
U. cARci NODES (B. & C.) Fisch. de Waldh.

On Actea alba. Clinton, North Am. Flora, 7:57.
U. Agropyri (Preuss) Schroet.

On Elymus? sp. (Sheldon, 2952).

UREDINACEAE.

NIGREDO Roussel.
N. PEDATATA (Schw.) Arthur.

On Andropogon Virginicus (Sheldon, 2768, 2234, 3248,
3292). Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:223. On Viola, Monon-
galia, Morgantown (Sheldon^ 3249, 3579, 3580).
N. SiLPHii (Burrill) Arthur.

On Juncus tenuis. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :239.
N. JuNci-EFFUSi (Sydow) x^rthur.

On Juncus effusus. Arthur, North Am. Flora. 7:240.
On same (Sheldon, 1102, 2436), and on /. tenuis (Sheldon.
2305, 2349, 3195).

78 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

N. nousTONiATA (Schw.) J. Sheldon, {.lecidium Houstomanum

Schw.)-

On Houstonia caerulea, Monongalia, near Morgantown
(Millspaugh) . On Houstonia longifolia, Fayette, near Nutt-
allburg {Nuttall, 1518). On Sisyriiicliiimi graminoidcs,
Monongalia, near Morgantown (Sheldon, 2328, 2346). On
H. coerulea {Sheldon, 13, 38, 39, 539). On //. purpurea
{Sheldon, 2924).

N. PoLYGONi (Pers.) Arthur. {Uromyces Polygoni YokX.').

On Polygonum erecinni, Fayette, near Nuttallburg {Nutt-
all).

N. Lespedezae-procumcentis (Schw.) Arthur. {Uromyces Les-
pedesae Pk.).

On Lespedesa znolacea, Monogalia, near Morgantown
{Millspaugh). On L. frutescens, Arthur, North Am. Flora,
7:248 {Sheldon).
N. Hedys.ari-paniculati (Schw.) Arthur. {Uromyces Farl.).
On living leaves Mcihomia canescens, Mason, near Point
Pleasant {Millspaugh). On leaves M. panicidata, Fayette,
near Nuttallburg {Nuttall, 1610). On several Meibomias
{Sheldon).
N. FALLENS (Desmaz.) Arthur.

On Trifolium pratense, Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:255
{Sheldon, 2330). ,

N. Trifolii (Hedw. f.) Arthur. {Uromyces Trifolii Lev.).
On living leaves Trifolium pratense, Mason, near Point
Pleasant {Millspaugh). On Trifolium, Fayette, near Nutt-
allburg {Nuttall, 1604). On T. hyhridum and rcpens, Ar-
thur, North Am. Flora, 7:255 {Sheldon, 641, 1686, 3233,
3232).
N. Medicaginis (Pass.) Arthur.

On Medicago lupidina, Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :256
{Sheldon, 1982).
N. appendiculata (Pers.) Arthur. {Uromyces appendiculatus
Fr.).

On living leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris, jMonongalia, near
Morgantown (Millspaugh). On P. polystachus and Stro-
phostyles pauciHora, Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :258. On
Phaseolus hclvolus (Post, 1733). On Ph. polystachus (Shel-
don, 4212).

N. proeminens (DC.) Arthur.

On Poinsettia dentata, Ohio, near Wheeling (Millspaugh).
On same (Sheldon, 931, 2617), and on Chaniaesyce Preslii
(932, 1035).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY /r,

N. HvPERici-FRONDOSA (Schw.) Arthur. (Uroinyces Hyperici
Curt).

On Hxpericuin rnidiluni, Fayette, at Rupert's (Nuttall,
1625).
N. HowEi (Peck) Arthur. {Uroinyces Hozcei Peck).

On Asclepias Syriaca, Fayette, near Nuttallburg {Nuttall,
i86g). Summers, near Lowell {Pollard & Maxon, 130).
On A. amplexicaulis, incarnata, and on Vincetoxicum gono-
carpos, Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:265. On same {Shel-
don, 1015, 1961, 1976) ; on Asclepias obtiisifolius {Sheldon,
1934) ; on A. incarnata {Sheldon, 3182).
N. Sperm AcocES (Schw.) Arthur.

On Diodia teres, Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:267 {Shel-
don, 2028).
N. Caladii (Schw.) Arthur. {Uromyces Caladii Farl.).

On Arisaema triphyllum, Fayette, near Nuttallburg {Nutt-
all, 1511). On A. dracontium {Sheldon, i'^2i, 1620).
N. CARYOPHYLLiNA (Schrauk) Arthur.

On Dianthus caryophyllus {Sheldon, 34).
N. Rhyncosporae (Ellis) Arthur.

On Rhyncospora glomerata {Sheldon, 2688).
N. PLUMBARIA (Peck) Arthur.

On Onagra biennis (Sheldon, 2323).

UROMYCES Link.

U. Terebinth: (DC.)

On living leaves Rhus radicans, Oct. 17, 1895 {Nuttall,
1876).
U. EFFUSUS Arthur.

On Juncus effusils, Monongalia, near Morgantown {Shel-
don).
U. SiLPiiii (Lyd.) Arthur.

On Juncus tennis, [Monongalia, near [Morgantown {Shel-
don).

MEL AM PSORA Cast.
M. FARiNOSA (Pers.) Schroet.

On Salix nigra. Oct. 17. 1893. Spores at first hyaline
(22 X 13 fx) but the granules finally turn yellow (22 jx) , and
perfectly fill the spore (25 x 18 ju.) {Nuttall, 1107).

PUCCINIA Pers.

P. ASPARAGI (DC).

On Asparagus oMcinalis {Sheldon, 918).
P. Caricis-Asteris Arthur.

On Aster sps. (Sheldon, 2959, 3559).

8o THE W1-:ST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. ClIRYSANTHEMI Roze.

On ChrysaiifJiciJutm cliineiisis (Sheldon, 15).
P. CiRCAEAE Pers.

On Circaca iutctiana and C. alpiiia (Sheldon, 769, 1770,
1889, 3477, 3864; Grout, 1702).
P. Cyperi Arthur.

On Cypcrus strii^osus (Sheldon, 774, 1709).
P. Davi Clinton.

On Steironenia ciliatnin (SJieldon, 3157, Bonner, 3601).
P. Eatoniae Arthur.

On Eafonia Pennsylvanica, Ranunculus ahortivns and R.
niieranthns (Sheldon, 3235; 8. 3242; -I445).
P. Eleocharidis Arthur.

On Eleocharis ovciia (Sheldon,, 46, 3176).
P. emaculata Schw.

On Panicuui capillarc (Sheldon, 1155, 1245).
P. GRA MINIS Pers.

On Berberis Canadensis (F. E. Brooks). On Phlenm
pratense, .li^rosfis alba and Triticnin z'uli^are (Sheldon, 3007,
3173; 1247, 1246; 719).
P. Impatientis Arthur.

On Inipatiens a urea and Elynins sp. (Sheldon, 7, 653,
2306, 2330).
P. investita Schw.

On Gnaphaliuin poJyeephahini (Sheldon, 2014. 2125,
2210).
P. i.ATERiPES Berk. & Rav.

On Ruellia ciliosa (Sheldon, C)2y, 3127).
P. LoBELiAE Ger.

On Lobelia syphilitica (Sheldon, 3801).

P. POLYGONI-AMPIIIBII PerS.

On Geranium maculatuni, Polygonum convolvidns, P. du-
metorum and P. hydro piperoides (Sheldon, 3238, 4113: 736,
1942; 925, 1130; 4257)-

P. RECEDENS Syd.

On Senecio aureus (Heck, 2908).
P. PoDOPHYLLi Schwein.

On Podophyllum pcltatum. May 31, 1894 (Xuttall, 151 5).
P. 'i-ENUis Burrill.

On Eupafo'-ium agera^oides, Jnne i, 1894 (Nuttall, 1519).
P. AsTERis Duby.

On Aster cordifolius, Nov. 24, 1894 (Nuttall, 1758, 645).
On Aster macro phyllus (Sheldon).
P. Heliantpii Sz.

On Eleliajtthus decapctalus, .Sept. 19. 1895 (Nuttall, 1851).
On Helianthus annuus (Sheldon, ig66, 2150).

WEST \IKGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 8l

P. VioLAE (Schnm.) DC.

On Viola liastata, gecidial stage ; asecidia i8 x 25 fi. A spe-
cies of small reddish caterpillar found feeding on the spores,
April 30, 1893. Uredo stage on Viola rotundifolia or V .
hlanda, April 30, 1893 (Nuttall, 906). On Viola striata, ros-
trata, viUosa, and blanda {Sheldon, 1902, 4200; 1394; 23;
3060, 3478) .
P. CoNVOLvuLi (Pers.) Cast.

On Convolvulus repens. Aecidium May 3, Uredo June 14,
Teleuto, Oct. 4, 1894; all on same vine {Nuttall, 1516). On
Convolvulus Sepiiim {Sheldon, 926, 2337, 2657, 3158).

P. CoNVOLvuLi var.

On dead stems of Convolvulus repens, Feb. 19, 1895
Nuttall, 1793).
P. PiMPiNELLAE (Strauss) Link.

On living leaves Osmorrhisa Claytonii, Monongalia Co.
near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On IVashingtonia loiigi-
stylis {Sheldon, 36).
P. Menthae Pers.

On Cunila origanoides, Nov. 27, 1894. Teleutospores 28
X 20 fji, not yet verruculose {Nuttall, 1753). On Monarda
didyma; Mentha spicata; Clinopodiurn vulgarc ; Kocllia verti-
cillata; Monarda media; M. Ustulosa; Blephilia hirsuta; and
Koellia mutica {Sheldon, 2434; 3804; 1195; 1124; 1039;
i860; 1785; 1839).
P. coronata Corda.

On Holeus lanatits, Uredo. June 30, 1893; teleuto. Nov.

I, 1893, on same specimen. Length of pedicel 5 to 7.5 ju

• very thick, corona ~\- ^S [x broad, teeth 12.5 /x, teleutospores

50 X 15 ;u, {l<^uttall, 1265). On Avcna sativa {Sheldor,. 32,

747, 1852).

P. Rup.iGO-vERA (DC.) Wint.

On leaves Tritieuin vlugare. Wood Co., near Kanawha
Station {Millspaugh). On Elymus hirsutigluiiiis and on
Secale cereal e {Sheldon, 3198; 1607, 1711).
P. Caricis (Schum.) Reb.

On Carex sp. July 10, 1894, uredospores and teleutospores
{Nuttall, 1590).
P. HiERACii (Schum.) Mart.

P. Hoseulosorum Roehl. On living leaves Carduns laiiceo-
latus, Mason Co., near Point Pleasant {Millspaugh). On
Taraxacum Taraxacum, Oct. 20, 1894 {Niittall, 1721).
P. suAVEOLENS (Pcrs.) Rostr.

On living leaves Carduus lanceolatus. Wood Co., near
Kanawha Station (Millspaugh).

82 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. SoRGHi Schwein.

Uredo, and teleutospores on Zca Mays, Sept. 7, 1894
(Nuttall, 1676).
P. CoNOCLiNii Seymour.

On Eiipatoriuui coelcsfiiium, Sept. 18, 1895 (Xnttall.
1849).
P. Anemones-Virginiana Sz.

On Anemone Jlrginiana, Sept. 18, 1895 (Nntfall, 1850).
P. Heucherae Sz.

P. Spreta Pk., P. Tiarella B. & C. On TiarcUa cordifoUa.
Oct. 21, 1895 {Nuttall, 1886).
P. Smilacis Schwein.

Uredospores on Suiilax ^lauca, Oct. 14, 1894 {Nnttall.
1708).
P. Sambuci (Schw.) Arthur.

On Sauihiicus Canadensis, Carcx Asa-Grayi and C. Frankii
(Sheldon, 40, 639, 1479; 2073; 739. 1264).
P. Saxifragae Schlect.

On Saxifraga Virginiensis (Sheldon 3).
P. Veratri Niessl.

On Vcratrnm viride (Sheldon, 1499).
P. Vernoniae Schw.

On Vernonia sp. (Sheldon, 33, 3183).

P. \\'lNDSORIAE Schw.

On Sieglingia sesleroides (Sheldon, 1959, 2194, 2754).
P. Xanthii Schw.

On Ambrosia triUda, A. arteniisiaefolia and Xanthinw
Canadense (Sheldon, 731; 734; 792, 1022).

P. MALVACEARUM Mont.

On Malva rotiindifolia and Althea rosea (Sheldon, 1344,
1611. 2215; 1365, 1406, 2123). On Mak'a sylvestris (F. E.
Brooks, 3202).
P. M ART AE- Wilson: CHnton.

On Claytonia Virginica (Sheldon, 1309).

P. MUHLENBERGIAE A. & H.

On Muhlenbergia diffusa and M. niexicaniis (Sheldon,
1267, 2012; 4199).
P. OBSCURA Schroet.

On Jnncoidcs cainpesfre (Sheldon).
P. ALBiPERiDiA .A.rthur.

On Ribes cynosbafi (Johnson, 4298).

P. ORBICULA P. & C.

On Prenantln\s altissiuia (Sheldon, 2498).
P. BERMINUTA Artluir.

On Agrostis peroiiiaus, Pocahontas, near Durl)in (Keller-
man).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 83

P. PoARUM Niessl.

On Poa pratensis (Sheldon, 13 19).

SYNCHYTRIUM DeBy. & Wor.

S. DECiPiENS Farlow.

On Falcata comosa {Sheldon, 655, 1384, 1438, 3351).

PUCCINIASTRUM Otth.
P. Hydrangeae (B. & C.) Arth.

On Hydrangea arbor esc ens. Arthur, North Am. Flora,
7:106. (Sheldon, 4, 2130).
P. Agrimoniae (Schw.) Tranz.

On Agrimonia niollis and parviHora. Arthur, North Am,
Flora, 7:106. (Sheldon, 771, 1016, 2122, and A. parviHora
2138). On Agrimonia gyrosepala (Sheldon, 3855).
P. MINIMUM (Schw.) Arth.

On Menziesia pilosa. Arthur, North Am. Flora. 7:109.
P. rusTULATUM (Pcrs.) Dietl.

On Epilohinm angustifolium and E. coloratuin (Sheldon,
2430. 3803, 3850).

GYMNOSPORANGIUM, Hedw.
G. clavariiforme (Jacq.) Rees.

Aecidiospores on Crataegus sp., Aug. 2, 1894 (Nnttall.
1637). On various species of Crataegus (Sheldon, 1107,
27, 1774, 1023, 2021, 1096, 21 19; Thatcher, 1714; Grout,
1707; F. E. Brooks, 1427).
G. Juniperinum (Linn.) Fr.

Teleutospores on J u nip cms Virginiana, April 2y, 1894
(Nut tall, 1473).
G. Juniperi-Virginianae Schw. (G. macropus Link).

jMercer : near Princeton, on Juniperus Virginiana (Mills-
paugh), in other localities on same (Sheldon) . Aecidia on
Mains coronaria at Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall,
1157). On twigs, leaves and fruit of Mains Mains and M
coronaria (Sheldon). Berkeley: on Mains Mains at Ger-
rardstown (Waite).
G. corniculans Kern.

On Amelanchier Canadensis, Greenbrier: near Fort Spring
(Sheldon) .
G. globosum Farl.

On Crataegus macracantha and punctata, and on Juni-
perus Virginiana. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:205-6 (Shel-
don 2707, F. E. Brooks 2298).
G. NiDUS-Avis Thaxter

On Amelanchier Canadensis (Sheldon 2699, 2717).

84 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

G. GERMiNALE (Schw.) Kern.

On fruits of Crataegus punctata from Spruce Knob, Pen-
dleton County, {Greenman, 257).

PHRAGMIDIUAl Link.
P. PoTENTiLLAE (Pers.) Karst.

On Potentilla Canadensis, uredospores, Monongalia Co.,
near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On P. Canadensis, uredo.
March 15, 1894, teleutospores, Oct. 5, 1894 (Nuttall, 1400?).
P. suBCORTiciUM (Schrauk.) Wint.

On Rosa humiJis, June 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1008). On
Rosa sp. (Sheldon 4201).
P. RUBI-ODORATI Dietl.

On Ruhus odoratus. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:166.
(Grout 1251).
P. Americanum Dietl.

On a cultivated Rose. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:167.
P. disciflorum (Tode) J. F. James.

On a cultivated Rose. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:172.
(Sheldon 1991, 2135, 2139; F. E. Brooks 6).

KUEHNEOLA Magn.
K. obtusa (Strauss) Arthur.

On Potentilla Canadensis. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :
185.
K. Uredinis (Link) Arthur.

On Rubus Allegheniensis and Canadensis, Arthur, North
Am. Flora, 7:186. On Rubus hispidiis (Sheldon 3476,
3829). On R. Canadensis 1250, 1258, 2435, 2762, 3835. On
R. strigosus (Shimer 2740).

COLEOSPORIUM Lev.
C. Senecionis (Schum.) Fr.

On living leaves of Pinus echinata (jecidia), Wood Co.,
near Lockhart's Run (Millspaugh).
C. SoNCHi (Pers.) Lev.

On living leaves Vernonia Noz/eboracense, Mason Co.,
near Point Pleasant (MilUpangh). On Aster cordif alius,
Dec. 3, 1894 (Nuttall, 1760).
C. Impomoeae (Schwein) Burrill.

On Ipomoea pandurafa, Oct. 15, 1894. Spores 85 x 23 /u
(Nuttall, 1720, 608).
C. Vernoniae B. & C.

On Vernonia Noveboracense at Rupert's, Sept. 25, 1894.
Spores 100 X 30 ju. (Nuttall, 1702, 595).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 85

C. CAmpanulae (Pers.) Lev.

On Campanula Americana.. Arthur, North Am. Flora,
7:89. (Sheldon 2954, Grout 1700, Post 1796).
C. Helianthi (Schw.) Arthur.

On Helianthus sp. {Sheldon, 3184).
C. SoLiDAGiNis (Schwein.) Thum.

On Solidago Canadensis. June 19, 1894 (Nuttall, 1550)-
On Callistephus {Sheldon, 2024, 2028).

AECIDIUM Pers.
Ae. Impatientis Schwein.

On Impatiens biflora, June 21, 1894 {Nuttall, 1558).
Ae. Ludwigiae E. & E.

On Ludwigia alternifolia {Sheldon, 2344).
Ae. Solidaginis Schw.

On Solidago lanceolata {Sheldon, 1840).
Ae. Ilicinum E. & E.? Bull. Torr. Club, 24:284. (1897).

Spots amphigenous, purplish-black above, dirty-orange be-
low, indefinite. Aecidia h3'pophyllous, mostly only one in
the center of a spot, hemispherical or tuberculiform and
closed at first, then laciniately dehiscent and margin coarsely
toothed ; secidiospores irregular in shape, globose, ovate, ellip-
tical or subangular, 18-22 /* in the longer diameter, epispore
more or less wrinkled or tuberculate-roughened.

On living leaves of Ilex opaca. Fayette : near Nuttallburg,
April, 1896 (Nuttall, 839).

PERIDERMIUM Lev.
P. Peckii Thum.

On living leaves Tsuga Canadensis, Pocahontas Co., near
Traveler's Repose (Millspaugh).
P. kalsameum Peck.

Under surface living leaves Abies balsamea, Randolph
Co., Shades-of-Death (Millspaugh) .

UREDO Pers.
U. Agrimoniae (DC.) Schroet.

On Agrimonia striata, July 10, 1894 (Nuttall, 1591).
U. Bigelowii (Thum.) Arthur.

On Salix nigra. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:101.
U. Medusae (Thum.) Arthur.

On Poptdus graiididentata (Fenton, 4255). On P. del-
toides and candicans (Sheldon, 2747, 2746).

86 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

GYMNOCONIA Lagerh. . •

G. iNTERSTiTiALis (Schlccht) Lagerh. {Caeoma nitens).

On Rubus occidentalis {Sheldon, 25, 502). On R. procum-

bens (24), on R. Canadensis (48, 2433). On living leaves

Rubus hispidtis, Monongalia Co., near Morgantown {Mills-

paiigh). On Rubus villosus, May 2, 1893 (Nuftall, 907).

RAVENELIA Berk.
R. EPiPHYLLA (Schw.) Dietl.

On Cracca Virginiana. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:142.

PILEOLARIA Cast.
P. ToxicoDENDRi (Berk. & Rav.) Arthur.

On Rhus radicans. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:148.

TRANZSCHELIA Arthur.
T. PUNCTATA (Pers.) Arthur.

On Hepatica acuta. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:151.

POLYTHELIS Arthur.
P. FUSCA (Pers.) Arth. (Puccinia Anemones Pers.)

On Anemone quinquefolia, Randolph: at Sugar Creek {A.
B. Brooks).

PERISPORIACEAE.

PODOSPHAERA Kunze.

P. OxYACANTFiAE (DC.) DeBy.

On living leaves of Prunus cult., Crataegus oxyacantha
and Diospyros Virginiana, Monogalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspaugh) . On Prunus serotina and Crataegus, Monon-
galia, near Morgantown ; Preston, near Cranesville ; and
Berkeley, near Martinsburg (Sheldon). On Cydonia vul-
garis and Spiraea salicifoHa (Sheldon, 1085, 1845).
P. LEUcoTRiciiA (E. & E.) Salm.

On Malus Malus (Sheldon, 2755, 2758).
P. TRiDACTYLA (Wallr.) DeBy.

On living leaves of Prunus cult., Cabell Co., near Flunt-
ington ( Millspaiigh ) .

SPHAEROTHECA Lev.

S. HuMULi (DC.) Burrill.

Oa, living leaves Agriinonia striata, Preston Co., near
Terra A\ta (Millspaugh).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 87

S. HuMULi FULiGiNEA (Schleclit.) Salmon.

On Erechthifcs liieracifolia and Bidens frondosa {Shel-
don, II 98, 3138).
:5. PANNOSA (Waller) Lev.

Monongalia, near Morgantown, on Crimson Rambler rose
{Starcher, 3200).
S. MoRS-UvAE (Schw.) B. & C.

On cultivated Gooseberry (F. E. Brooks, 3288).
.S. Castagnei Lev.

On living leaves Ercchtitcs hieracifolia, Nov. 11, 1894.

Asci 78 X 58 ju spores + 20 x 12 ja (Nuttall, 1740).
S. Mali (DuBy.) E. & E.

Berkeley: on Malus Mains at Gerrardstown (Woite).

PHYLLACTINIA Lev.
P. coRYLEA (Pers.) Karst. (P. suffulfa Sacc).

On living leaves Castanea dentata, Oct., 1893 {Nuttall
1315), and on Magnolia Frascri. On Polycodinm stamin-
eum, Greenbrier, at White Sulphur Springs (JVaife).

UNCINULA Lev.
U. Ampelopsidis Peck.

On cultivated grapes, Monongalia : near Morgantown
(Millspaugh). On leaves of Partheiwcissns quinqnefolia,
Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall, 1683).
U. MACROSPORA Peck.

On Uhnus Americana, Greenbrier : near Ronceverte ; and
Mason; near Point Pleasant {Sheldon, 1139, 1935)- On
jiiglans nigra: Syringa vulgaris; Euonymus atropnrpureiis;
Betula sp. ; and Viburnum sp. {Sheldon, 3144; 956, 2010;
742, 3135; 1225; 1083).
U. GENicuLATA Gerard.

On Morus rubra, Monongalia: near Morgantown {Sheldon,

3487).
U. PARVULA Ck, & Peck.

On Celtis, Berkeley: near Martinsburg [Sheldon, 1986).
U. ciRCiNATA Ck. & Peck.

On Acer saccharum, Monongalia : near Morgantown

{Grout, 1261).

U. NEGATOR (Schw.) Burr. {U. Americana Howe).

On leaves of Iritis cordifolia, Fayette : near Nuttallburg

{Nuttall, 1684). On Vitis sps. {Sheldon, 61, 953, 2110,

2114, 2206, 3131).

MICROSPHAERA Lev.
]\I. Alni (Wallr.) Salmon. {M. crineophila Pk.)

On leaves of Castanea dentata, Fayette: near Nuttallburg

88 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

(Niittall, 169, 1218). On leaves of Fagiis, same location
and collector (1773). On Betula, Monongalia: at Cheat
View; and on Qucrcus, Preston: at Rohr {Sheldon, 1223,
1224).
M. Grossulariae (Wallr.) Lev.

On leaves Sainbucus Canadensis, Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg {Niittall, 1693). On same Preston: near Cranesvilk
{Sheldon).
M. elevata Burr, and Bess.

On leaves of Catalpa Catalpa, alt. 2,200 ft. Oct. 2, 1894
{Nuttall, 1690).
M. RussELLii Clint.

On Oxalis stricta, Aug. 9, 1694 {Niittall, 1650).
M. Vaccinnii Schw.

On Epigaea re pens, Oct. 1893. Threads slender, sharply
pointed, somewhat rough, asci 5-spored, 50 to 65 x 30 to 40
IX, spores 18 to 20 X 10 to II /A {Nuttall, 1255).
M. Ouercina (Schw.) Burr.

On Qiiercus palustris, at Rupert's, Aug. 26, 1894 {Nuttall,
1686, 591).
M. Alni-Vaccinii.

On Vaccinium sps. {Sheldon, 1222, 1226, 201s, 2684).
M. DIFFUSA Ck. & Pk.

On Symphoricarpos vulgaris and Desuiodiuui sp. {Shel
don, 2667, 3485).
M. EUPHORBIAE (Pk.) B. & C.

On Titliyinalopsis corollata {Sheldon. 1109, 1946, 2030).

ERYSIPHE (Hedw.) DC.
E. CiCHORACEARUM (DC.) Bufr.

On Xanthimn Canadense, Nov. i, 1893 {Nuttall, 1223),
and on Eupatorium purpureum.. On cultivated Dahlia; on
Phlox paniculata; Taraxacum sp. ; Achillea mHJefolium:
Aster sps. ; Verhesina alternifolia; Vernonia sp. ; Plantago
sp. ; Ambrosia triUda and artemesiae folia; Lappula Virginia-
num; Helianthus annuus and Eupatorium perfoliatum
{Sheldon, 4254; 3529, 3532. 1652, 21 18; 3482; 3134; 3488;
3145; 3531; 1141, 3125, 3141; 59; 1174, 2248, 3172, 3483;
723; 3133; 56; 1967; 1257).
E. COMMUNIS (Wall.) Fr.

On Eupatorium ageratoides, Oct. 14, 1894 {Nuttall, 1707).
E. Graminis DC.

On living leaves Poa pratensis, Preston Co., near Terra
Alta {Millspaugh). On Triticum vulgar e; Dactylis glome-
rata; Secale cereale and Poa compressa {Sheldon, 3002;
1638; 1606; 3224).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 8g

E. SP.

Upshur : near Buckhannon, on Micrampdis lobata, Sept.
12, 1905 (Sheldon). There is a strong probabihty of this
being E. Polygoni upon a pecuhar host !

E. LiRIODENDRI Schw.

On Liriodendron Tulipifera in deep shade, Short Creek,
alt. 1,150 ft., Oct. 9, 1894 {Nuttall, 1697).
E. AGGREGATA (Peek) Farlow,

On Alnus, Greenbrier: near Durbin (Sheldon, 1160, 3787).
E. Polygoni DC.

On Liriodendron tulipifera, Monongaha, near Morgan-
town (Sheldon).

The following are in the Sheldon Herbarium and collected
by him unless otherwise indicated: On Onagra biennis
(3533), Trifolimn procumbens (3253, 3268, Starcher 3218),
T. pratense (3522), T. hybridiini (3534), T. stolonifenim
(3513), Cuphaea viscosissima (Grose 3481; Johnson 2233),
Brassica napus (3523), Pisum sativum (3070, E. E. Brooks
1649), Anemone sp. (Grout 1262), Falcata comosa (3081),
Ranunculus abortiviis (1202), and Polygonum sps. (737,

935)-

EUROTIUM Link.

E. KERBARioRUM (Wigg) Link.

On damp leaves Liriodendron Tulipifera neglected in plant
press, Sept. i, 1894 (Nuttall, 1681).

APIOSPORIUM Kuntze.
A. pelliculosum (B. & Rav.). (Capnodiuni B. & Rav.).

Tucker: on Prumis sp. (Plum), at Parsons (Szvisher,
2314)-

ASTERINA Lev.
A. Leemingii E. & E.

On Galax aphylla. May 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1493, 475).

DIMEROSPORIUM Fckl.
D. Galactis E. & E.

On leaves of Galax apyhlla in conjunction with the last
species above. May 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1576, 475).
D. CoLLiNSii (Schw.) Thum.

On leaves Amalanchier Canadensis, Glade Creek, May 4,
1894 (Nuttall. 1490, 472). On Carpinus Caroliniana, Keg-
ley, Mercer County, July 27, 1900 (Morris, 1078).

SCORIAS Fries.
S. spoNGiosA (Schw.) Fr.

On living Fagus atropunicea, at Rupert's July 26, 1894.
Spores 16 to 18 X 5 /A (Nuttall, 1634).

90 TIIK Wi:ST VIRGINIA FLORA

SPHAERIACEAE.

ANTHOSTOMA Nitschke.

A. DisciNCOLA (Schw.) Sacc.

On Crabapple, Monongalia: Morgantown (Sltcldon).

VALSA Fries.

V. CERATOPHORA Tul.

On fire killed Hicoria iiiinima, Oct. 17, 1894. On Acer
saccharinum, L. Asci 38 x 5 jx, spores 7.5 to 10 x 1.5 to
1.75 fx (Nuttall, 1711).
V. DiosPYRi E. & E. Proc. Phil., Acad., 340 (1894).

Type habitat : On dead limbs Diospyros Virgi>iiaua^ Dec.
10, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1308, 253).

Stroma consisting of the slightly blackened substance of
the bark, convex, about 2 mm. diameter, not circumscribed.
Perithecia 4 to 10 in a stroma, subglobose, .25 to .33 mm.
diameter, necks converging and united above in a small,
black disk which perforates the pustuli form-elevated epider-
mis, but does not rise above it. Ostiola short, conic-cylin-
drical, with a smooth, round opening crowded and finally
obliterating the disk. Asci clavate-lanceolate, p. sp. 25 x 5 /u,,
8-spored. paraphysate. Sporidia allantoid, hyaline, 8 to 10 x
1.5 to 2 /x. Spermogonia (Cytispora), stroma multilocular
gray inside, opening by a single, central pore. Spermatia
allantoid, hyaline, moderately curved, 4 to 5 x 1.25 /x.
V. ETHERiALis E. & E. Proc. Phila. Acad., 341 (1894).

Type habitat : On dead limbs of Acer rnhrum, Feb.,
1894 {Nuttall, discov. 1304, 373).

Stromata cortical, thickly scattered, convex i to 1.5 mm.
diameter. Perithecia 6 to 12 together, circinate, buried in
the unaltered substance of the bark, small, 150 to 250 m
diameter their short necks terminating in an erumpent, com-
pact fascicle of obtuse, black, slightly umbilicate ostiola
closely embraced by the epidermis and scarcely rising above
it. Asci (p. sp.) fusoid, 15 to 22 x 4 to 4.5 /x, stipitate, 8-
spored. Spordia biseriate, allantoid, hyaline, curved, slender,
5 to 6 X about I /x. When well developed, the epidermis is
raised into subdiscoid pustules in which the slight protub-
erances indicate the position of the subjacent perithecia.

V. deUcatula C. & E. has fewer, larger perithecia and
broader sporidia. V. microshora Cke. & Plowr. has also
larger perithecia and yellowish sporidia, and the ostiola are
more or less distinctly sulcate, indicating its close relation-
ship to Eutypclla. In V. etheriaJis the spordia both in and
out of the asci are perfectly hyaline.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY QI

V. coRONATA (Hoffm.) Fr.

On young, fire-killed Castanca dentata, Nov. 14, 1893
(Nut tall, 1263, 209).
V. ALBOPUNCTA E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:133 (1896).

Type habitat : On dead limbs Liriodendron Tulipifera,
Oct., 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1712, 600).

Stromato minute (.5 to 7.5 mm.), subseriate, included in
the thick epidermis and not penetrating the inner bark, white
throughout, and without any distinct circumscribing line.
Perithecia 3 to 6 in a stroma, pale slate-color, no to 130 u
diameter; necks very slender, terminating in minute, subglo-
bose, slate-colored ostiola taridly erumpent around the mar-
gin of the minute, snow-white, pulverulent disk. Asci clavate
cylindrical, 50 x 6 /a, short-stipitate, obtuse above, paraphy-
sate? Spordia biseriate, allantoid, hyaline, moderately
curved, 6 to 9 x 1.5 to 2 /x.

A beautiful species. The lines of snow-white disks, which
barely perforate the ruptured epidermis and are closely sur-
rounded by its torn and slightly raised margin, present a
very neat appearance.
V. Abietis Fr.

On Tsiiga Canadensis Short Creek, alt. 1,100 ft., Feb. 2,
1893 (Nuttall, 1349).
V. ViTis (Schw.) Fckl.

On Vitis sp., March 26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1432).

V. PRAESTANS B. & C.

On dead twigs Nyssa aquatica, Nov. 14, 1893 (Nuttall,
1242). Spores 10 to 12 X 3 to 4 /x.
V. Nyssae Cooke.

On fire killed Nyssa aquatica, Nov. 14, 1893 (Nuttall.
1689).
V. subclypeata C. & Peck.

On young fire killed Sassafras Sassafras, Nov. 14, 1893
(Nuttall, 1262, 209).
V. ambiens (Pers.) Fr.

On Asimina triloba, Conuis Horida and Aralia spinosa,
Feb. 18, 1894 (Nuttall, 1383).
V. Chionantpii E. & E., Proc, Phila. Acad.. 340 (1894).

Type habitat: On dead limbs of Chionanthus Virgimca,
March, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1456, 228).

Perithecia 4 to 10, globose, .25 to .7,2^ mrn. diameter, buried
in the unchanged substance of the bark, with convergent
necks, terminating in short-cylindrical, obtuse, perforated
ostiola erumpent in a close fascicle perforating and slightly
raising the bark. Asci clavate, p. sp. 40 to 45 x 8 to 10 fx,
8-spored, paraphysate? Spordia allantoid, hyaline, 12 to 15
x 3.5 to 4.5 /x, biseriate above.

92 THE WEST N'IRGINIA FLORA

Spermogoiiia (Cytispora Chionanthi E. & E.) buried in
the bark, iiask-shaped, .5 to .75 (x diameter, multilocular, the
cells soon confluent, the apex erumpent and perforated by a
single pore. Sporules allantoid, 4 to 6 x i to 1.25 /a, borne
on basidia branched above, the branches erect, straight,
nucleate, 7 to 10 ju. long.
V. PAUPERATA C. & E.

On' Acer ruhriim, March 26, 1S94 (Nuttall, 1444, 423).
V. LEUCOSTOMA (Pcrs.) Ff.

On peach tree, Dec. 2, 1894 (Ntittall, 1768).
V. LiNDERAE Peck.

On Benzoin Benzoin, April 11, 1895 {Nuttall, 1796).

EUTYPELLA Nits.
E. DENSissiMA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 341 (1894).

Type habitat : On dead limbs Aralia spinosa, Feb., 1894
(Nuttall, 363).

Stromata scattered, cortical, depressed-conical, 2 to 3 mm.
diameter, not circumscribed, but staining the bark olive-gray.
Perithecia numerous, often 50 to 70 in a stroma, 100 to 120
fi diameter, closely packed, their slender necks terminating
in obtusely conical, 4 cleft, black, densely crowded ostiola
erumpent in a brown disk surrounded by the ruptured epi-
dermis. The disk is soon obliterated, so that only the
crowded, black, subshining ostiola are seen. Asci clavate-
fusoid, p. sp. 25 to 30 X 4 fi. Sporidia biseriate, allantoid.
hyaline, moderately curved, 8 to 10 x 1.5 to 2 /a.
E. RUGiELLA (C. & E.) Sacc.

On Acer ruhrum, May 4, 1893 {Nuttall, 921).
E. STELLULATA (Fr.) Sacc.

On Rohinia Pseudacacia, March 29, 1893 (Nuttall, 33).
On Ailanthus, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).
E. Platini Sz.

On Platanus occidcntalis in drift. Spores 7.5 to 8 x 1.5
to 2 IX, Oct. 21, 1895 (Nuttall, 1885).

EUTYPA Tul.
E. spinosa (Pers.) Tul.

On dry dead logs, June 29, 1893 (Nuttall, 1105).
E. MiLLiARiA (Fr.) Sacc.

On river drift wood, April 20, 1894. Asci 150 x 6 /x spores
10 X 2 ^ (Nuttall, 1477).

DIATRYPE Fr.

D. Stigma (Hofifm.) Fr.

On Castanea dentata, April 15, 1895 (Nuttall, 1799).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 93

D, PLATYSTOMA (Scliw.) Berk.

On Magnolia Fraseri, Feb. 8, 1894 [Niittall, 1380, 342).
D, viRESCENS (Schw.) Cooke.

On Qiicrcus, Aionongalia : near Alorgantown {Sheldon).

DIATRYPELLA C. & DeNot.
D. VERRUCIFORMIS (Elirli.) Nits.

On Alniis nigosa, Nov. 20, 1893 {Nuitall, 1258).

ROSELLINIA DeNot.
R. AguiLA (Fr.) DeNot.

On dead limbs, March 21, 1893 {Nuttall, 919, 19).
R. coRTicuM (Schw). Sacc.

On dead oak, alt. 1,800 ft.. Short Creek. Spores 25 to
30 X lo to 12.5 II. Dec. 16, 1893 {Nuttall, 13 10).
R. suBicuLATA (Schw.) Sacc.

On dead dry Robinia Pseudacacia, July 15, 1893. Per-
ithecia clustered or connate, each 3 to 5 /x, black, ostiola
papillate. Spores 9 to 12.5 x 5 to 6 /* somewhat inequilateral,
elliptical, colored {Nuttall, 1129).
R. puLVERACEA (Ehrh.) Fckl.

On dead wood, Nov. 1893. Spores 10 to 15 x 7 to 9 |U
{Nuttall, 1338). Monongalia, on hickory log near Uffing-
ton; on Platanus near Marilla (Sheldon).

R. MILLEGRANA (Schw.) SaCC.

On dead Platanus occidcntalis, Aug. 2, 1893 {Nuttall,
1161).

R. ABIETINA TRICHOTA C. & Ell.

On Pinus Virginiana, Jan. 7, 1895 (Nuttall, 1784, 675).
BOMBARDIA Fr.

B. FASCICULATA Fr.

On wet dead limb, Magnolia Fraseri, on ground, Sept.
16, 1895 (Nuttall, 1830).

ANTHOSTOMA Nits.
A. MiCROECiUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 344 (1894).

Type habitat: On dead limbs Asimina triloba, Feb. 12,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1377).

Stroma cortical, faintly circumscribed, i to 1.5 mm. diam-
eter, orbicular, convex. Perithecia 4 to 8 in a stroma, glo-
bose, minute (200 to 250 /x), circinate, necks slender, short,
converging, with the minute papilliform ostiola erumpent
in a small, black, hemispherical disk, which barely pierces
the pustuliform-elevated epidermis, and is closely embraced
by it. Asci cylindrical. 80 to no x 8 to 10 /x, paraphysate

94 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

8-spored. Sporidia uniseriate, elliptical, brown, continuous,
2-nucleate, 12 to 14 x 6 to 7 ju.

Distinguished by its very small stroma and perithecia.
A. MicROPLACUM (B. & C.) Sacc.

On Sassafras Sassafras, alt. 1,800 ft., March 21, 1893
{Nuttall, 915).

XYLARIA Hill.
X. POLYMORPH A (Pers.) Grev.

On dead logs, April 7, 1893 {Nuttall, 890).
X. CORNIFORMIS Fr.

On rotten limb, Sept. 9, 1893. On Magnolia Fraseri,
Nov., 1895 (Nuttall, 1 194).
X. Hypoxylon (Linn.) Grev.

On dead log, March 10, 1893 (Nuttall, 807).
X. flabelliformis (Schw.) B. & C.

On Carpinus Caroliniana, May 13, 1893 (Nuttall, 957)-
X. Cornu-Damae (Schw.) Berk.

On wet rotten log, alt. 2,000 ft., Aug. 24, 1893. Spores
20 to 21 X 4.5 II (Nuttall, 1179).

USTULINA Tul.

U. VULGARIS Tul.

On dead and rotting stumps, March 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 954).

HYPOXYLON Bull.
H. ATROViRiDE E. & E.. Proc. Phila. Acad., 346 (1894).

Type habitat : On bark of dead tree, Betnla or Oiierciis,
Dec, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1320, 275).

Stroma pulvinate, i to 1.5 cm. across, and about 4 mm.
thick, orbicular, covered above with a thin (.5 mm.) carbon-
aceous crust, which is soon covered by a dark green layer
of the ejected spores, laterally and internally dirty-umber
color. Perithecia (which constitute the entire inner sub-
stance of the stroma) ovate compressed, and including the
long, stout neck, about 3 mm. long and i mm. broad be-
low. Ostiola papilliform, soon covered and obscured by the
ejected sporidia. Asci cylindrical 100 x 3.5 to 4 fi (p. sp.
40 to 45 long), paraphysate, 8-spored. Sporidia uniseriate,
oblong-elliptical, pale brown under the microscope, 2-nuc-
leate, 4.5 to 5.5 X 2 /x.

This is a well-marked species. The substance of the
stroma, except the superficial carbonaceous layer, is friable,
and in this respect as well as the color resembles H. Pelersii
B. & C., from which, however, in other respects it is very
distinct.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 95

H. COCCINEUM Bull.

On Aralia spinosa, alt. 1,300 ft., Aug. 18, 1893 {Nuttall,
1 173, 140).
H. NuTTALLii E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 346 (1894).

Type habitat : On bark of dead Magnolia Fraseri at
Glade Creek, May, 1894 {Nuttall, discov, 1494, 477).

Stromata gregarious, subconfluent, depressed-hemispher-
ical or strongly convex, 3 to 6 mm. diameter, purplish-
black, mammillose. Perithecia small (about .25 mm.) scat-
tered irregularly through the stroma, which is rather soft
and brownish within. Ostiola crowning the mammillose
projections on the surface of the stroma, papilliform, soon
deciduous, leaving a round perforation. The asci in the
spec, examined had disappeared. Sporidia brown, oblong-
elliptical, sub-inequilateral, 7 to 8 x 3 to 4 /x (exceptionally
9 X 5 m).
H. HowEiANUM Peck.

On decorticated Magnolia Fraseri, alt. 1,800 ft., Sept.
12, 1893 (Nuttall, 1203, 158).
H. FUSCUiM (Pers.j Fr.

On dead and decorticated Acer saccharum. Grant Co.,
near Bayard {Mills pan gh). On dead Alnus rugosa, Oct.
31, 1893. Spores 12 X 6 to 7 /x {Nuttall, 1221).

H. MULTIFORME Fr.

On dead Betula sp., alt. 1,800 ft., Short Creek, Aug. 11,

1893 {Nuttall, 1 1 47).

H. PERFORATUM (Schw.) Fr.

On dead twig, Feb. 3, 1894. On Ilex opaca, Dec. 28,

1894 {Nuttall, 1351). Spores 10 x 5 /x. On Magnolia Fra-
seri, Nov., 1895.

H. RUBiGiNosuM (Pcrs.) Fr.

On dead hard wood of Robinia Pscudacacia, Feb. 25,
1893 {Nuttall, 949, 39).
H. Sassafras (Schw.) Berk.

On Sassafras Sassafras, jMarcli 21, 1893. Spores 8 to 12
X 3 to 4 /A {Nuttall, 917).

H. STIGMATEUM Cookc.

On living Qucrcns sp., originating under the outer bark
which it pushes off, or at times remains attached at one-
edge and stands away like a lid. Asci, total length, 150
X 10 jx, fertile portion 120 x 10 //., spores black, elliptical,
16 to 20 X 6 to 10 fjL. Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall, 1350).
H. coLLicuLOSUM (Schw.) Nits.

On Rhododendron inaxinniin, alt. 1,800 ft., Short Creek,
Dec. 16, 1893 {Xiitfall. 1330, 289).

96 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

DALDINIA DeNot.
D. CONCENTRICA (Bolt.) C. & DcN.

On bark of dying Acer sp., April 15, 1893 (Xnttall, 905).
On Betula, Monongalia, at Coopers Rock (Sheldon).
D. VERNicosA (Schw.) C. & DeN.

On dead trees, March, 1895 (Nutiall, 1790).

NUMMULARIA Tul.
N. DiscRETA (Schw.) E. & E.

Berkeley, on Mains Mains at Gerrardstown (IVaite).
N. PUNCTULATA (B. & Rav.) Sacc.

On dead branch of Oner ens sp., Aug. 16, 1893 (Nnttall,

GNOMONIA Ces. & DeNot.
G. ULMEA (Sacc.) Thum.

On dead leaves of Ulnius. Summers, near Lowell (Pol'
lard & Maxon, 131). On Ulniits Americana, Wayne, near
Ceredo (Sheldon).

GNOMONIELLA Sacc.
G. CoRYLi (Batsch.) Sacc.

On Corylns Americana at Rupert's, Aug. 5, 1894 (Nutt-
all, 1647).
G. FiMBRiATA (Pers.) Saccardo.

On Carpinus, Greenbrier, near Durbin (Sheldon).

PHYSALOSPORA Niessl.
P. Ilicis (Schw.) Sacc.

On dead leaves of Ile.v opaca, Jnly 21, 1894. Asci 7.5
to 10 IX (Nnttall, 1616). Monongalia, near Morgantown
(Sheldon).
P. Dracaenae Sheldon.

On Dracaena fragrans, cultivated at Morgantown (Shel-
don).

TRICHOSPHAERIA Fckl.
T. pulchriseta Peck

On dry firm splinters of dead log, alt. 1,800 ft.. Short
Creek, March 6, 1894 (Nnttall. 141 2, 382).

BOTRYOSPHAERIA Ces. & DeNot.
B. Quercuum (Schw.) Sacc.

On Querciis sp., Vitis sp., Finns Virginiana, Opnlaster
opulifolius, and PartJicnocissns qninqiicfolia. Perithecia 2
to 10 (Nuttall, 925, 14).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 97

B. QuERCuuM var.

On cultivated Ritbus, Feb. 25, 1895 (Nuttall, 1794, 685).
B. Araliae Curtis.

On Aralia spiiiosa, Feb. 24, 1894. Spores 20 to 30 x 8
to 10 /x {Nuttall, 1395).
B. pyriospora (Ellis) Sacc.

On Chionanthus Virginica, March 28, 1894. Asci, fertile
portion, 75 x 15 fi (Nuttall, 1438).

B. HiBisci forma.

On Cclastrus scandens, April 2y, 1895 (Nuttall, 1819,
707). Spores 26 to 35 X 6 to 7.5 /x.

CRYPTOSPORELLA Sacc.

C. COMPTA (Tul.) Sacc.

On dead limbs of Fagns atropiinicca, Nov. 17, 1893. Asci,
fertile portion, 100 x 12.5 to 15 fx, spores granular 22 x 10 ju
(Nuttall, 1256).

SPHAERELLA Ces. & DeNot.
S. maculiformis (Pers.) Awd.

On leaves of Castanea dcntata on ground, Dec. 13, 1893
(Nuttall, 1 3 14).
S. iNFUSCANS E. & E., Bull. Torr. Club, 25:504 (1898).

Perithecia gregarious, minute, covered by the thin epider-
mis which is raised into minute pustules and blackened con-
tinuously for one or more cm. in extent ; ostiolum conic-
papilliform, erumpent, asci oblong-cylindrical, 35 to 45 x
7 to 8 ^, sporidia biseriate, fusoid, slightly curved, hyaline,
nucleate, becoming faintly uniseptate, but scarcely con-
stricted.

Differs from the description and figures of S. pctioUcola
(Desm.) in its longer fusoid sporidia.

On old petioles of Liriodcndron tulipifera, Nuttallburg,
May, i8q8 (Nuttall, 937).
S. coNicoLA Sacc.

On dead cones of Tsuga Canadensis, Dec. 16, 1893. Spores
10 X 3 /* (Nuttall, 1311).
S. Gaultheriae C. & P.

On Gaidtheria procunihens, June 8, 1894 (Nuttall, 1534).

S. NYSSAECOLA Cooke ?

On Nysa aqnatica, Oct. 10, 1894 (immature) (Nuttall,
1719,607).

DIDYMELLA Sacc.

D. Pkysocarpi E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894. 335.

Type habitat : On Opnlaster opulifolius, ]\Iay 12, 1894
(Nuttall, 1507. 488).

98 THE WEST VIRGINLV FLORA

Perithecia gregarious, covered by the pustulifonn epider-
mis, about .25 mm. diameter, white inside, depressed-globose,
the papilliform ostiolum barely penetrating the epidermis.
Asci clavate-cylindrical, short-stipitate, 85 to 90 x 10 to 12
jji, paraphysate, 8-spored. Sporidia biseriate, fusoid, 4-
nucleate, uniseptate, constricted at the septum, hyaline, 19
to 22 X 4 to 5 fx, mostly a little curved.

MELANCONIS Tul.

M. MODONIA Tul.

On Castanca dnitaia, Nov. 14, 1893 [Nitttall, i2'/4, 221).
M. TiLiACEA (Ell.) E. & E.

On bark of Tilia, in company with Diplodia paraphysata
E. & E., Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Nnttall). Monongalia,
at Morgantown (Sheldon).

HERCOSPORA Tul.
H. TiLiAE (Fr.) Tul.

On Tilia heterophylla, Feb. 16, 1894. Spores 18 x 7.5 ju
(Nnttall, 1834, 346).

DIAPORTHE Nits.
D. Gladioli E. & E. ?

On Caulophyllum thalictroidcs, July 8, 1894. Asci 38 x 5
to 7 fjL, spores septate, 4 nucleate, about 10 x 3 /x (Xiittoll,.
1603, 553)-
D. Araliae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 339 (1894).

Type habitat: On Aralia spiiiosa, Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall,
discov. 1356, 312).

Stroma buried in the wood and circumscribed by a pene-
trating, black line, elliptical, about 5x4 mm. Perithecia
buried in the stroma, few (6 to 10) globose, .5 to .75 mm.
diameter, their short-cylindrical ostiola projecting from a
black, tubercular disk seated on the surface of the wood and
perforating the pustuli form-elevated epidermis, but scarcely
rising above it. Asci clavate-cylindrical, 40 to 45 x 5 to 6 /x,
paraphysate, 8-spored. Sporidia biseriate, oblong, 4-nucleate,
becoming uniseptate and slightly constricted, hyaline, obtuse,
12 to 13 X 2.5 to 3 fx.

Allied to and resembling D. ocularia C. & E.
D. (Chorostate) Halesiae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 339
(1894).

Type haritat : On dead limlxs of MoJirodciidron Caro
linnm. May, 1894 {Ntittall, discov. 1541).

Perithecia 4 to 8, loosely circinate. .75 mm. horn-color
inside, becoming nearly black, sunk in the wood, necks con-
verging with their obtuse, smooth, hemispherical ostiola

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 99

erumpent in a close fascicle, closely surrounded by the rup-
tured epidermis. Asci slender, 55 to 60 x 6 to 7 fx, hhort-
stipitate. Sporidia sub-biseriate, fusoid-oblong, hyaline, 2 to
4-nucleate, becoming uniseptate and slightly constricted,
straight, 12 to 15 x 2.5 to 3 ju,.

There is no distinct circumscribing line around the stroma,
but the inner surface of the bark is uniformly blackened.
D. (Chorostate) Tetrapterae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 339

(1894).

Type habitat: On dead limbs Molirodcndron Carolinum,
May. 1894 {Nnttall, discov. 1542).

Stroma cortical, 1.5 to 2 mm. diameter, surrounded by- a
black line which does not penetrate the wood. Perithecia
4 to 12, circinate, 5 mm. diameter, sunk to the wood and
leaving their impress on its surface but not penetrating it.
Ostiola obtusely rounded and perforated, erumpent in a com-
pact fascicle and closely surrounded by the ruptured epi-
dermis. Asci clavate-cylindrical, 75 to 80 x 12 /x. Sporidia
biseriate, oblong-fusoid, slightly curved, subobtuse, hyaline,
uniseptate and constricted at the septum, each cell with a
large nucleus, 9 to 22 x 5 to 7 /u,.

Differs from D. Halcsiac E. & E., in its smaller perithecia,.
not sunk in the wood, and its much larger sporidia.
D. (Chorostate) Aceris Eckl.

On Acer saccharhmm, L., Jan. 26, 1894 (Xuttall, 1739)-
D. Hvdrangeae E. & E., Eield Mus. Bot., i 1140 (1896).

Type habitat : On dead stems Hydrangea arborcscens,
Nov., 1894 (NuttaU, discov. 1756, 641).

Perithecia scattered, ovate-globose, 350 to 380 /a diameter,
sunk in the wood, which is not at all discolored. Ostiola
stout, erumpent, short-cylindrical, or conic-cylindrical, the
apex papilliform. Asci (p. sp.) oblong-cylindrical, 50 to 60
x 8 /x, 8-spored, obscurely paraphysate. Sporidia biseriate.
oblong-elliptical, hyaline, uniseptate, slightly constructed, 12
to 15x3 to 4 /u, ends subacute.

This may he the Sphacria spoken of by Schweinitz as
found by him on limbs of Hydrangea, in company with his
Sphaeria (Teichospora) Hydrangcac.
D. (Chorostate) cercophora (Ellis.) Sacc.

On Ilex opaca, Dec. 23, 1893, March 15, 1894 (XiiftaU.

1333)-
D. (Cpiorostate) oncostoma (Du B.) Eckl.

On Robiuia Psendacacia, April 7, 1894. Spores 17 to 19 x
4 to 5 /u {NuttaU, 1446).
D. (Chorostate) sociata (C. & E.) Sacc.

On Benzoin Benzoin, April 13, 1895. Helminthospores 75
to 100 X 15 fi. 7-septate {XuttaJI, 1798).

100 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

D. (Chorostate) obscura (Peck) Sacc.

On Rnhus villosus, Feb. 13, 1893 (Nuttall, 1313, 260).
D. (Euporthe) aculeata (Schw.) Sacc.

On Phytolacca decandra, Nov. 14, 1894. Asci 40 to 55 x
6 to 7.5 IX. Spores 12.5 to 18 x 3 to 3.5 ^ (Niittall, 1754,

639)-
D, (Tetrastaga) rostellata (Fr.) Nits.

On Riibiis odoratiis, May 31, 1894 (Nuttall, 1528, 560).

AMPHISPHAERIA Ces. & DeNot.
A. piNicoLA Rehm.

On Pinus rigida at Glade Creek, and on Pin us Virginiana,
May 4, 1894. Spores very variable -|- 35 x 12 ju, (Nuttall,
1499, 480).

VALSARIA Ces. & DeNot.

V. EXASPERANS (Gcr.) Sacc.

On Juglans cinerca, Nov. 3, 1893 (Nuttall, 1260, 202).
On same, Monongalia, near Morgantown (Sheldon).

MASSARIA DeNot.
M. Magnoliae E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:141 (1896). '

Type habitat: On bark of dead limbs Magnolia acu-
minata, April 25, 1895 (Nuttall, discov. 1818, 700, 705).

Perithecia scattered, buried in the bark, depressed-globose,
.75 to 1.25 mm. diameter, the subconical ostiolum piercing
but not perceptibly raising the bark. Asci broad oblong, p.
sp. 150 to 200 X 55 to 65 /x with a very short, nodular stipe,
8-spored, paraphysate. Sporidia crowded-biseriate, oblong
or clavate-oblong, 3 to 5-septate, mostly 3-septate, when
young, hyaline at first, finally deep brown and then with
only one distinct septum, though often i to 4 other faint
septa can be seen. There is a distinct constriction at the
main septum, which is a little below the middle of the spore,
but none at the other faint septa which are often wanting.
The sporidia measure 65 to 80 x 20 to 25 fi, larger than in
M. foedans (Tode), which has sporidia about 50 x 20 /x, 3-
septate and constricted at all the septa, besides being more
distinctly narrowed below.

LEPTOSPHAERIA (Pers.) DeNot.
L. DoLioLUM (Pers.) DeNot.

On Polymnia Uvcdalia and Helianthus decapetalus, Nov.
16, 1894. Perithecia covered by outer bark. Asci, fertile
part no X 6 /A, stipitate. spores overlapping at ends. Spores
22 X 4 /., 23 X 4.5 fx, 25 X 5 ;u, 27 X 5 M, 30 X 5 /x; 3-septate,

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY lOI

nucleate, constricted at septum when mature ; straight, one-
sided, or curved {Nuttall, 1744).

L. VAGABUNDA SaCC.

On dead stems Hydrangea arhorescens, Nov. 21, 1894.
Asci 125 to 150 X 7.5 jn total length {Nuttall, 1745).
L. OGiLviENSis (B. & Br.) Ces. & DeNot.

On Cimicifnga racemosa, July 4, 1894 {Nuttall, 1586).
L. cLAviGERA (C & E.) Sacc.

On old stems Phytolacca decaiidra, Nov. 14, 1894 {Nutt-
all, 1741). Spores -|- 43 X 6 /i.

L. ORTHOGRAMMA (B. & C.)

On Zea Mays, Aug. 10, 1895 {Nuttall, 1832, 722).

MELANOMMA Nits & Fckl.
M. PuLvis-PYRius (Pers.) Fckl.

On decorticated Magnolia Fraseri, alt. 1,800 ft., Short
Creek, Sept. 10, 1893. Spores 15 x 3.5 /* {Nuttall, 1200).

TREMATOSPHAERIA Fckl.
T. viTiGENA E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:142 (1896).

Type habitat : On old, decaying wood of Vitis rnpestris,
April, 1894 {Nuttall, discov. 454).

Perithecia gregarious, sunk in the wood all except the
obtuse, convex apex, .5 to .75 mm. diameter, depressed-
globose, the buried part rather thin-walled, the erumpent,
convex apex thick, solid, like the stromatic shield of Clype-
osphaeria. Ostiolum papilliform, soon perforated. Asci
clavate-cylindrical, paraphysate, 8-spored, 86 to 100 x 10
to 12 IX. Sporidia sub-biseriate, fusoid-oblong, 3-septate,
and constricted, subacute, pale-brown, 20 to 25 x 6 to 7 ^.

PSEUDOVALSA Ces. & DeNot.

P. SIGMOIDEA (C. & E.)

On dead limbs Quercvis Prinus. Spores 50 to 88 x 5 to
7 fi {Nuttall, 1828, 717).

LASIOSPHAERIA Ces. & DeNot
L. oviNA (Pers.) Ces. & DeNot.

On Juglans cinerea, and parasitic on Hypoxylon, Short
Creek, alt. 1,800 ft., Dec. 16, 1893. Spores 50 to 60 x 6
to 7.5 fx.. Asci 135 x 12.5 fx {Nuttall, 1^22).

ACANTHOSTIGMA DeNot.

A. DECASTYLUM (Cookc) Sacc.

On dead log, June 18, 1893 {Nuttall, 1018).

102 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

HERPOTRICHIA Fckl.
H. DIFFUSA (Schw.) E. & E.

On dead twig, Sept. lo, 1893 (Niittall, 1197). On
Morns rubra, at Marilla {Slicldon).

CALOSPORA Sacc.
C. AcuLEANS (Schw.) Sacc.

On Rhus liirfa and copalliua, March 2^, 1894. Spores
15 to 17 X 3 ^, aculeate {Nut tall, 1440).
C. RiiOiNA (C. & Ell.) Sacc.

On Rhus hirta, Dec. 9, 1893. Spores 15 to 18 x 5? ^
hyaline, 4-nucleate, imiseptate constricted at septum. (Nutt-
all, 1348, 306).

PYRENOPHORA Fr.
P. CALVESCENS (Fr.) Sacc. ?

On Chenopodiuni aiithclininticiiin, Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall.
1845, 736).

TEICHOSPORA Fckl.

T. NITIDA E. & E.

On Ruhus villosus, Apr. 25, 1895. Asci 75 x 12? fx. Spores
20 to 23 x 9 to 10 fx {Nuttall, 1817, 706).

CARYOSPORA DeNot.

C. PUTAMiNUM (Schw.) DeNot.

On Hickoryuut, Monongalia, INTorgantown {Sheldon).

PLEOSPHAERIA Speg.

P. coRTicoLA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 332.

Type habitat : On bark of Pimis rigida. Glade Creek,
June 24, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1582).

Perithecia scattered, superficial, ovate, 300 to 400 fx diam-
eter, carbonaceo-membranaceous, pilose-strigose, hairs 100
to 200 X 5 to 6 ^ soon opaque, very faintly and sparingly
septate, here and there collected into closely compacted fas-
cicles resembling stout bristles. Ostiolum papilliform, ob-
tuse. Asci oblong-cylindrical, abruptly short-stipitate, 80 to
100 X 20 to 25 fx. Paraphysate? Sporidia crowded, acutely
elliptical, nearly hyaline at first, becoming olive-brown and
5 to 7 septate and muriform, but not constricted.

Comes near P. strigosa Sacc, but perithecia rather smaller,
not depressed, and hairs fasciculate.
P. ■- — sp.

On Tccoma rad icons, Feb. 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 14 14, 385).

WEST \'IRGIXIA GEOLOGICAL SUR\'EY IO3

CUCURBITARIA Gray.
C. Fraxini E. & E.

On Fraxinus Aincricaiia, Apr. 27, 1894 (Nnttall, 1523).
C. ELONGATA (Fr.) Grev.

On Robiiiia Psciidacacia, Jan. 15, 1894 {Xuttall, 1783).

OPHIOBOLUS Riess.
O. PORPHYROGONUS (Tocle) Sacc.

On Vernonia Novchoracensis, Apr. 24, 1895 (Nuttall,

1820, 702).

O. ACUMINATUS (SoW.)

On Zca Mays, Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall, 1839, 728).

O. FULGiDus (C. & p.) Sacc.

On Vernonia Noveboracensis, Apr. 24, 1895 {Nuttall,

1821, 703).

CRYPTOSPORA Tul.

C. FEMORALIS (Pcck) SaCC.

On Alnns rugosa, Feb. 25, 1894. Asci 60 to 75 x 12.5
to 15 fi. Spores 50 to 65 x 3.5 fi in middle and enlarging;
to 5 /i, at each end (Nuttall, 1318).
C. ciNCTULA (C. & P.) Sacc?

On Castanca dcntata, Dec. 8, 1893. Asci about 75 x 7.5
/x. Spores 60 to 75 X 4 ju., hyaline, nucleate, curved, often
slightly thickened toward one end (Nuttall, 1296, 245).
C. TRicHOSPORA (C. & P.) Sacc. ?

On Qucfciis sp., Feb., 1894. Spores -{- ^o? jjl (Nuttall.
1450).

HYPOCREACEAE.

HYPOMYCES Fr.
H. ROSELLus (Alb. & Schw.) Tub?

On Hynienocetum on Magnolia Frascri, ]\Iarch 6, 1894
(Nuttalf, 1417, 387).
H. AURANTiu.s (Pers.) Tul.

On Stcrcuui sp. Sept. 3, 1893 (Nuttall, 1198). Short
Creek, alt. 1,800 ft.

CREONECTRTA Seaver.
('. PURPURiiA (L.) Seaver. (Ncctria cinnabarina Fr.).

On Jralia spinosa, Alarch 5, 1894. Asci 75 x 7.5 u.
Spores 20 to 23 X 4 to 5 /x (Nuttall, 1405, 374). On Acer
saccharuui, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).

I04 THE WEST X'lRGINIA FLORA

C. cocciNEA (Pers.) Seaver. {Nectria coccinea Fr., ditissiuia
Tul).

On bark of dead Magnolia Fraseri, March, 1894. Asci
65 X 7.5 jtt. Spores 10 to 15 x 3.5 to. 6 ju, {Nuttall, 14/2, 451).

On dead and fallen Robinia Pseudacacia, on Magnolia
Fraseri, Oct. 17, 1893 {Nuttall, 11 15, 162).

NECTRIA Fries.
N, Peziza (Tode) Fries. (A^. vulpina E. & E.).

On bark of dead Ulmus pubesccnsf Oct. 17, 1894. Spores
10 X 5 /i., i-septate, 2-guttnlate {Nuttall, 1216, 164).
N. EPispHAERiA (Tod.) Fr.

On dead fallen twigs, Aug. 15, 1893 {Nuttall, 1175, 143) •
On Fagits, Monongalia: near Morgantown {Sheldon) .

APONECTRIA Sacc.
A. iNAURATA (B. & Br.) Sacc.

On Rhus copallina, Mar. 24, 1894 {Nuttall, 1431). ^licro-
spores 3 X I /x,. Spores 10 to 12.5 x 3 /x.

HYPOCREA Fr.
n. LENTA (Tode) Berk. & Br. {H. Schzvcinitzii Sacc).

On an Oak log. Boone: near Lick Run {Sheldon).
H. PATELLA Cooke & Pcck.

On dead wood, Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall, y^).
H. ViRGiNiENSis E. & E. Proc. Phila. Acad., 442 (1893).

Type habitat: On leaves of Rhododendron nia.vinium,
Aug. 12, 1893 {Nuttall, discov. 1163).

Epiphyllous, stroma carnose, scattered, sub-hemispherical
or depressed-turbinate, i to 2 mm. diameter, of a yellowish
gray color, subtruncate above and obscurely margined
(when mature). Perithecia buried in the stroma, ovate,
membranaceous, no to 150 /j. diameter. Ostiola hemis-
pherical, prominent, black, broadly perforated and some-
times collapsed. Asci clavate-cylindrical, p. sp. 40 to 45 x 7
to 8 /x, short-stipitate, filiform-paraphysate, 8-spored. Spori-
dia biseriate, oblong-fusoid, yellowish-hyaline, uniseptate,
slightly constricted at the septum, obtusely pointed at the
ends, ID to 12 X 3 to 3.5 ju,.

H. viridans B. & C. seems to differ in its hidden ostiola
(ostiolis latitantibus).
This species is said by Seaver to be a discomycete.
H. tenerrima E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 442 (1893).

Type habitat : Incrusting moss, leaves, twigs, living
Gaultheria procmnhens, etc. July, 1893 {Nuttall, discov.
1138, 123).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IO5

Perithecia gregarious, minute (.16 mm.), clothed (except
the black apex) with a thin white tomentum, seated on a
thin snow-white, tomentose-arachnoid subiculum. Asci cyl-
indrical, 40 X 3 /A, without paraphyses, 8-spored. Sporidia
uniseriate, oblong, obtuse, hyaline, 5 to 6 x 2 ]«, with a single
nucleus in the centre (becoming uniseptate) ?

This is closely allied to H. siihcarnea E. & E., but diiTers
in the color of the subiculum, the black apex of the peri-
thecia, the narrower asci, and rather longer sporidia. Pos-
sibly Neciria Rcxiana Ellis.

PODOSTROMA Karst.
P. ALUTACEUM (Pers.) Atk.

On decaying organic matter on the ground. Seaver,
North Am. Flora, 3 136.

HYPOCREOPSIS Karst.
H. LICHENOIDES (Todc) Scaver. {H. riccioidea Karst.).

On Kaltnia latifolia, alt. 2,000 ft., Aug. 24, 1893. Spores
apparently moniliform [Nuttall, 1178).

GIBBERELLA Sacc.
G. PULicARis (Fries) Sacc. {G. Saubinetii Sacc).

On Asparagus ofllcinalis, Nov. i, 1893 {Nuttall, 124^,
190).

SCOLEONECTRIA Seaver.
S. scoLEOSPERMA (Bref.) Seaver.

On Pinus Strobns, Monongalia: at Morgantown {Shel-
don).

BROOMELLA Sacc.

B. Ravenelii (Berk.) Sacc.

On Acer ruhrum, April 4, 1894 {Nuttall, 1461, 439).

THYRONECTRIA Sacc.

T. DENiGRATA (Wint.) Scavcr. {Pleonectria Wint.).

On Glcditsia triacanthos, Monongalia : near Morgan*

town {SJieldon).

T. MissouRiENSis (E. & E.) Seaver. {Pleonectria E. & E.).

On dead stick, Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall, 871).

CORDYCEPS Fries.

C. MiLiTARis (Linn.) Link.

In laurel thicket on ground, Aug. 12, 1893, Keeney's
Creek {Nuttall, 1205, 161).

io6 Tin-: WEST Virginia flora

C. PARASITICA (Willd.) Seaver. (C of^hic^ij^lossoidcs Link).

On ground in wet woods, Aug. 24, 1893 (Xiittall, 1172).

DOTHIDEACEAE.

PHYLLACHORA Nits.

P. Graminis (Pers.) Fckl.

On living leaves of Hysfri.v Hystrix, Fayette Co. : near
Nuttallburg (Millspaugh). On Elyniiis Canadensis, Oct. 28,

1893 {NuttaU, 1250, 192).
P. Caricis (Fr.) Sacc. ?

On Korycarpns diandnis, ^larch i, 1894 (immature)
{NuttaU, 1402, 238).

P. POMAGENA Sacc.

Berkeley, on Mains MaJus at Gerrardstown (IVaitc).

DOTHIDELLA Speg.
D Ulmae (Sz.) E. & E.

On Ulmus pnbcsccns, Nov. 5, 1894 (NuttaU, 1749, 629)

PLOWRIGHTIA Sacc.
P. .'MORBOSA (Schw.) Sacc.

On limbs of cultivated Plum and Cherry, Alonongalia
Co., near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On Prnnus scrotina,
Pocahontas: Cranberry Mountain (Sheldon).

M I C R O T H Y R I A C E A E.

MYICOPORON Speg.

M. Smilacis (De Not) Sacc.

On Sniila.v sp. April 12, 1895 (NuttaU, 1807).

LOPHIOSTO M A C E A E.

LOPHIOTREMA Sacc.
L. NucuLA (Fr.) Sacc.

On dead heartwood of Liquldanibar Styracidua, April 20>

1894 (NuttaU, 1479, 459).

LOPHIDIUM Sacc.
L. NiTiDUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 333 (1894).

Type habitat: On Vitis cult. Feb. 2, 1894 (NuttaU,
discov. 1336, 295).

Perithecia scattered, semi-erumpent, small (200 to 250 n
diameter) black and shining, subhcmispherical, the flattened
base immersed in the bark. Ostiolum compressed, thin,

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY lO/

narrow, sometimes obsolete. Asci cylindrical, short (8 to
lo fji), stipitate, about loo x lo to 12 /x, paraphysate, 8-
spored. Sporidia uniseriate, oblong-elliptical, yellow-brown,
5 to 7-septate with a longitudinal septum running through
two or more cells, 19 to 22 x 8 to 10 /x, ends mostly rotuided
and obtuse, not at all or only slightly constricted in the
middle.
L. COMPRESSUM (Pers.) Sacc.

On Sali.r nigra falcata, April 23, 1894. Asci 70 to lOO
X 13 fi. Spores 25 to 30 x 8 to 10 ^ (Xiitfall, 1481, 461).

H E L V E L L A C E A E.

MORCHELLA Dill.
M. ESCULENTA (Linn.) Pers.

Along an old road among grasses and leaves under an
oak. April 18, 1893 {^^^ttall, 897). {Sheldon, 2308, 2842,
3229).

M. ANGUSTICEPS Pcck.

On ground. Short Creek, April 18, 1893. Spores 25 to
28 X 15 ;a (Nnttall, 895).
M. sp.

On ground. Short Creek. 5 cm. high, with smooth spores
28 X 17 fjL, April 18, 1893 ( Nuttoll,' Sg6).

GYROMITRA Fr.
G. cuRTiPES Fr.

On ground below cliffs. Short Creek. Asci, fertile part
50 X 16 to 18 IX. Total length 350 /a. Spores 22 to 30 x
10 IX, 2-nucleate (Xiiftall, 1813).

HELA'ELLA Linn.
H. MACROPUS (Pers.) Karst?

On ground in woods at base of cliff's, July 15, 1893
(Nnttall, 1097).
H. CRisPA (Scop.) Fries.
(Sheldon, 2098).

^IITRULA Fr.
M. PHALLoiDES (Bull.) Chev.

In water on leaves of Ouercus Priiins, etc., spores to 20
X 3 /x. Alasterson's Glade, June 11, 1893 (Nnttall, 935).
On decaying leaves in a gutter (Sheldon, 2923).

'M. LUTESCENS B. & C.

On ground and on dead logs in deep woods, alt. 2,000
ft. (Nnttall, 1024).

I08 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SPATHULARIA Pers.
S. CLAVATA (Schsef.) Sacc. ?

In woods among dead leaves, stipe dark brown, spores
short 25 fx, July 10, 1893 {Nuttall, 1087).
S. VELUTIPES C. & F.

Among mosses on a decaying log {Sheldon, 3437).

VIBRISSEA Fr.
V. TRUNCORUM (A. & S.) Fr.

On wet dead sticks, alt. 1,800 ft., June 15, 1893 {NuttalL
991). On wood in running water {Sheldon, 2986, 2922).

PEZIZACEAE.

RHIZINA Fr.
R. iNFLATA (Schaef.) Quel.

On sandstone rock in sandy loam. Blackish-brown,
spreading, 2 to 9 cm. x i to 3 cm., convex, loosely attached
to the soil by strong rootlets from all parts of the underside,
margin strongly rolled inward. Asci 375? to 415 x 12.5 ix,
spores hyaline, apiculate, large, 40 x 10 jx. Keeney's Creek,
Nov. 3, 1893 (Nuttall, 1224).

GEOPYXIS Pers.
G. NEBULOSA Cooke.

On dead wet wood at low and high altitudes, Aug. 10,
1893 (Nuttall, 1177). On a decaying log (Sheldon, 2453,
2455> 3425, 3467)-

G. CARBONARIA A. & S.

On ground upon which logs had been burned the previ-
ous autumn, April 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 908).
G. cupuLARis Linn.

(Sheldon, 3469).

PEZIZA Dill.
P. AURANTiA Pers.

On wet and freshly crushed sandstone ballast, and on
filling of sandstone cut on railroad. Spores curiously rough
and apiculate at both ends. Nov. 3, 1893 (Nuttall, 1225).
On soil (Sheldon, 1239, 3239).
P. BADiA Pers.

On ground. Short Creek, April 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 922).
P. REPANDA Wahl.

On earth and decaying wood (Sheldon, 3519, 2909, 2844).
P, VESICULOSA Bull.

On earth in a greenhouse (Sheldon, 31 17).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY lOf)

OTIDEA Pers.

O. ONOTICA OCHRACEA Fr.

On ground and on rotten Tsuga Canadensis, July 14,
1893. Asci 175 X 10 ju, total length, spores 11 to 13 x 7.5 ix,
nuclei 2 (Nuttall, 1098).

HUMARIA Fr.

H. ECHINOSPERMA Pcck.

In soil of ditch, July 20, 1894 {Nuttall, 1630).
H. CESTRICA E. & E.

On earth {Sheldon, 3104).
H. Gerardii Qce.

On earth in woods {Sheldon, 3468).

H. AVANEOSA Bull. ?

On wood ashes {Sheldon, 2945).

SARCOSCYPHA Fr.

S. OCCIDENTALIS (L. & S.) Boud.

On various dead twigs and on soil {Sheldon, 1419, 2987,
3250, 3013).
S. rufum (L. & S.) Rehm.

On wood {Sheldon, 646).
S. cocciNEA Jacq.

On sticks, on ground in damp shady place, March 20,
1893 {Nuttall, 852). On decaying wood (Sheldon, 2789,
2831).
S. FLoccosA Schw.

On a stick in a laurel thicket, alt. 2,000 ft., Julv 12, 1893
{Nuttall, 1 1 12).

CIBORIA Fuckel.
C. jUGLANDis Preuss?

On hickory shucks {Sheldon, 3016).

PLICARIELLA Sacc.
P. MiNiATA (Crouan) Lindau.

On earth (Sheldon, 2796").
P. scABROSA (Sacc). (Phaeopeziza Sacc).

On decaying log (Sheldon, 2459).

LACHNEA Fr.
L. pcuTELLATA, Linn.

On rotting log Fagus atropunieea and under hark of wet
log Ouereus alba, ]\Ionongalia Co., near Aloreantown
{Millspaugh'). On rotten wood in old drift of mine, and
on bare sandy ground among pebbles. Short Creek, May

no THE WEST \IKGIN1A FLORA

11-17, 1893 (Niittall, 936). On decaying- wood, leaves, etc.
{Sheldon, 557, 1556, 2061, 1042, 3364, 2888, 2449, 2887,
3371, 2930, 1413).

L. UMBRARUM Fr.

On open bare sandy soil, Short Creek, Alay, 1893 (-V////-
all, 1 107).
L. JiiRTA Schum.

On floor of cave, July 25, 1893 (Nitttall, 1127).
L. viTELLiNA Pers.

On dead log. Asci 235 x 15 fx, Short Creek, July 2,
1893 {Nuttall, 1114). ^

L. ERiNACEA (L. & S.) Sacc.

On underside of log- Qncrcus alba, ^Monongalia Co., near
jMorgantown { Mills part gli ) . On decaying logs {Sheldon,
2060, 3187, 3399, 3401).

SCLEROTINIA Fuckel.
S. FRUCTiGENA Rehm.

Monongalia: near Morgantown, on a fallen Peach {Shct
don, 2832). Conidial stage on Plum, Peach, Raspberry and
Apple {Sheldon).
S. TUBEROSA (Hedw.) Fckl.

On earth (Sheldon, 3179).
S. TRiFOLTORUM Eriks.

On ground in open woods, May 18, 1893 {Niittall, 960).

GEOGLOSSUM Pers.
G. GLABRUM Pers.

On soil {Sheldon, 2454).

GORGONICEPS Karst.
G. GuERNisAci Sacc.

On deca}'ing wood (Slicklon, 2866).

HELOTIUM Fr.
H. LACTEUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 145 (1893).

On bare log, Dec. 16, 1893. Pure white, stipitate, plane
.4 to .6 mm. asci clavate 95 to no x 7.5 /jl. Spores curved
16 to 25 X 3 to 4 fx, nuclei 4, paraphyses slender. Short
Creek near the falls {Nuttall, 1318).
H. HERBARUM (Pers.) Fr.

On Polymnia Uvcdalia, Nov. 15, 1894. Cups 6 to 12 mm.
diameter, stipes i to 2 mm. long. Asci 55 to 75 x 7.5 to
10 fi. Spores 12 to 15 x 2.5 fx {Nuttall, 1755).

H. CONFLUENS Schw.

On dead logs, alt. 1,800 ft. Oct. 20, 1893 {Nuttall, 1213).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY III

H. citrinu:m (Hedw.) Fr.

On wet dead log. Short Creek, alt. i,8oo ft. Sept. 12,
1893 {N lit tall, 1201).

H. CASTANEUM SaCC.

On leaves of Rhododendron niaxhnimi. Short Creek, alt.
1,800 ft. Sept. 12, 1893 {XiittaU, 1206).
H. EPHiPHYLLUM (Pers.) Fr.

On decaying leaves, twigs, etc. (Sheldon, 3428).
H. PHYLLOPHiLUM Desm.

On decaying leaves (She/don, 3363).
H. FRUCTiGENUM Rehm.

On dead wood, leaves, chestnut bur and acorn (Sheldon,
3470).

H. FRATERNUM Peck.

(Sheldon, 3377).

PHIALEA Fr.
P. scuTULA (Pers.) Gill.

On decaying herbaceous stems (SJieldon, 3514).

P. CYATHOIDES (Bull.) Gill.

(Sheldon, 3544).
P. viRGULTORUM (Vahl.) Sacc.

On old grape twigs on wet ground, x^sci 105 x 7.5 1.1.
Spores 18 X 4 ix. Nov. i, 1894 (Xnttall, 1735). (Sheldon,
1080).

PSEUDOHELOTIU^I Fckl.

P. FIBRISEDUM (B. & C. ) SaCC.

On wet dead wood of Juglans cinerea, Dec. 5, 1894. Alore
than 2 mm. diameter, margin ciliate, red-maculate ; asci
oblong short-stipitate, total length 65 x 7.5 fi (approx.),
paraphyses filiform. Spores hyaline i-septate ( ?) oblong,
straight or slightly curved, 12 to 18 x 3 ;u, (Nuttall, 1764).

CYATHICULA De Not.

C. ouisouiLiARis E. & E.. Proc. Phila. Acad.. 451 (1893).

Type habitat : On dead racemes of Quercus Prinus, on
dead leaves, on rock in woods, April 2, 1893 (Nuttall, discov.
941). _ _

Gregarious, sessile, i to 1.5 mm. diameter, cup-shaped,
disk pale with a tinge of brick color when dry. dull, dirty-
white and purpuraceo-squamulose outside, margin distinctly
cleft-toothed and incurved when dr}'. Asci cylindrical, sub-
sessile, 55 to 65 X 6 to 7 ju.. with filiform paraphyses scarcely
thickened above. Sporidia uniseriate, or sub-biseriate above,
elliptical, hyaline, continuous, 6 to 8 x 3 to 4 /^.

112 THE WEST VIRGIXIA FLORA

CHLOROSPLENIUM Fr.
C. AERUGiNOSUM (Oeder) De N.

On loose core inside dead tree, Nov. 6, 1893. Disk more
brilliant tlian margin in light and when young, in shadow
varying to pure white. Asci over 105 x 7.5 fi total length,
spores guttate 12.5 x 3 /x {Nuttall, 1235). On decaying log
{Sheldon, 2063).
C. VERSiFORME (Pers.) Karst.

On rotten mossy log. Short Creek, Oct. 28, 1893 (Nxittalh
1238). On decaying log (Sheldon, 3045).

C. SCHWEINITZII Fr.

Top of oak log, Dec. 10, 1893. Yellow in spring, green
in autumn and winter (Nuttall, 1276).

MOLLISIA Fr. " .

M. Dehnii (Rabenh.) Karst.

On Potentilla Monspeliensis, July 21, 1894 (Nnttall, 1618).
M. FiNASTRi (C. & P.) vSacc.

On Pinus Virginiana, Dec. 3, 1894 (Nnttall, 1763).
M. ciNEREA (P)atsch.) Karst.

Pezisa cinerea Batsch. On decayed log, Monongalia Co.,
near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On a decaying Black Wal-
nut log (Sheldon, 3369).

PYRENOPEZIZA Fuckel.

P. LACERATA (C. & P.) SaCC.

On Ruhns odoratus, May 31, 1894. Asci 45 to 50 x 5 to
6 fi. Spores 8 to 12.5 x 2 to 2.5 ix (Nuttall, 1529). On
Rnhns odoratus (Sheldon, 549).

PSEUDOPEZTZA Fuckel.
P. Trifolii (Biv. & Bernh.) Fckl.

On Trifoliuin pratense (Sheldon, 1596).

P. Medicaginis (Lib.) Sacc.

On Medicago sativa (Sheldon, 1605).

TAPESTA Pers.
T, SANGUiNEA (Pers.) Fckl.

On dead log, and on Magnolia Fraseri and Juglans cinerea,
June 10, 1894 (Nuttall, 1546).
T. FUSCA (Pers.) Fckl.

On rotten burned log Tstiga Canadensis; on dead rotting
log Juglans cinera, alt. 1,300 ft. Asci 45 to 92 x 495 }i
Spores 8 to 10 X 2 /x. Short Creek, Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall,
1365)-

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY II3

T. suBicuLATA (Schw.) Sacc.

On wet sticks, June 15 and Oct. 25, 1893. Spores large.
10 X 3 /;i (Nuttall, 992).

LACHNELLA Fr.

L. ViRGiNiCA E. & E., Proc. Phila, Acad. 349 (1894).

Type habitat : On decaying wood of Magnolia Fraseri,
Feb., 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1410, 380).

Gregarious, sessile, .75 to 1.2 mm. diameter. Disk pallid,
concave, nearly closed when dry, margin fringed with brown
septate hairs, 100 to 125 x 3 /x, outside clothed with shorter
reddish-brown hairs. Asci about 50 x 5 jn, clavate-syhndrical,
short stipitate, paraphysate, 8-spored. Sporidia sub-biseriate,
oblong, 6 to 8 X 1.5 to 2.5 jx.

TRICHOPEZIZA Fuckel.

T. sp.

Torn end of firm dead tree, Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft. Dec.
16, 1893 (Nuttall, 1326).
T. albo-lutea (Pers.) Sacc?

On rotten log. Short Creek, June 18, 1893, stipitate
(Nuttall, 1013)."
T. capitata (Peck.) Sacc.

On leaves Oncrcns pahistris on ground in woods, alt. 2,000
ft., June 18, 1893. At Rupert's, July 26, 1894 (Nuttall,

lOIl).

DASYSCYPHA Fr.
D. virginea (Batsch) Fckl.

On dead sticks on wet cliff, and on wet dead wood of
Juglans cinerea, June 12, 1893 (Nuttall, 841).
D. LUTEOLA (Cun.) Sacc.

On a stick (Hartley, 2974).
D. Ellisiana (Rehm.) Sacc.

On Pinus rigida, top of Cavendish cliff, April 8, 1894
(Nuttall, 1447).

HELOTIELLA Sacc.
H. Nuttallii E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 351 (1894).

Type habitat : On wet shady side of rotten log, March
15, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1425, 397).

Ascomata gregarious, sessile, flat-hemispherical, .5 to i
mm. diameter, cup-shaped when fresh, contracted and sub-
spherical when dry with only a small round apical opening,
orange color throughout, disk watery-orange, outside and
fringed margin paler. Substance fibrous, the fibers prolonged

114 Till-: WRST NIRCIMA FLORA

above so as to make a marginal fringe of pale yellow, rongh-
ish straight hairs. Asci clavate-cylinclrical. sessile, curved,
50 to 60 X 5 to 6 fji. Paraphyses filiform, hardly thickened
above, with a series of orange-colored, globose nuclei. Spo-
ridia biseriate, oblong, hyaline, obtuse, uniseptate, but not
constricted, 8 to 10 x 2.5 to 3 /x. The outside of the asco-
mata is slightly hairy so that the species might be referred
to Solcnpccica if that is really worthy of generic distinction.

DERMATELLA Karst.

D. viTicoLA E. & E., Proc. Phil. Acad., 352 (1894).

• Type habitat: On dead shoots of Vitis (cult.) Nov. 1893
{Nuttall, discov. 1337, 295).

Sessile, convex-discoid and pale when moist, concave and
flesh-color when dry, and then scarcely projecting above the
surface of the bark. .50 to .75 mm. diameter. Asci clavate-
cylindrical, about 70 x 12 11, with filiform paraphyses, 8-
spored, sub-sessile. Sporidia sub-biseriate, oblong elliptical,
hyaline, i to 3-septate (3 to 4-nucleate at first). 15 to 18 x 6
to 6.5 IX.

BELONIDIUM Mont.
B. AURELiA (Pers.) DeNot.

Pcziza aiircJia, Pers. On a dead leaf in rotton log. Monon-
galia Co.. at Little Falls {Millspau^h).

ERINELLA Sacc.

E. MiNiopsis (Ell.) Sacc.

On wet rotten wood. May, 1893 {Nuttall, 934).

E. sp.

On Acer spicatuin (Sheldon, 2560).

ASCOBOLACEAE.

ASCOBOLUS, Pers.

A. FURFURACEUS PcrS.

On old dung of cow, June 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 974).
A. CARBONARius Karst.

On bare spots where logs were burned by forest fire the
previous winter, associated with Gcopyxis carhonaria. It
appears that only the prolonged burning of large logs makes
proper habitat for this species, as it does not grow where
the fire was light. May 20. 1893 (Nuttall, 926).

ASCOPHANUS Bond.

A. GRANULIFORMTS (Cv.) Boud. ?

On dung of cow. Dec, 1893 (Nuttall, 1340, 298).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY II5

A. CARNEUS (Pers.) Boud.

On dung of cow, Oct. lo, 1893 {Nitttall, 1249, 182).

DERIMATEACEAE.

URNULA Fr.
U. CRATERiuM (Schw.) Fr.

On dead twigs on ground, Short Creek, April 15, 1893
(Niittall, 898). On soil (Sheldon 70), and on dead Oak
branch lying on the ground in a wood (McCiitcheon, 3205).

DERMATEA Fr.
D. Ruci (Lib.) Rehm.

On Amelanchier Canadensis (F. E. Brooks, 944).
D. Chionanthi E. & E. ?

Macrostylospores of this species? on Chioiiaiithits Vir-
ginica, Alarch 25, 1894 (Nutfall, 1454, 426).
D. LOBATA Ellis.

On the maculae of Pestaioszia Giiepinii on leaves of Rho-
dodendron maxiniuni. Asci 130 x 12.5 fi spores 15 x 8 //.
Aug. 15, 1895 {Niittall, 1162, 132).

TYMPANIS Tode.
T. OxYDENDRi E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 352 (1894).

Type habitat : On dead limbs of Oxydendron arboreum,
Dec. 12, 1893 (Niittall discov., 1296, 258).

Cespitose, 3 to 5 together, erumpent, at length deciduous,
black .5 to .75 mm. diameter, contracted below into a short
thick stipe, margin subundulate. Asci cylindrical no to
130 X 15 to 18 /i. including the short stipe. Paraphyses slen-
der, abundant, Sporidia numerous, minute, oblong, hyaline
or yellowish 2.5 to 3 x i fi. Allied to T. fasciculata, but asci
larger and sporidia smaller.
T. coNSPERSA Fries.

On Apple trees (Sheldon, 85, 511, 909).

CENANGELLA Sacc.
C. AcERis (Hazsl.) Sacc.

On bark of dying Acer nibrnni, June 10. 1894. Sporidia
15 x6/x (A^H^fa//, 1554).

SCLERODERRIS Fr.
S, RiTABARBARiNA (Bcrk.) E. & E.

On Rubns Baileyaniis, Dec. 8. 1893, Short Creek. Asci
total length 63 to 75 x 17 to 21 /x, 8-spored. clavate, very

Il6 THE WKSr \1RGIN1A FLORA

short stipitate. Spores 20 to 27 x 6 to 7.5 /x, nucleate, be-
coming- clearly 3-septate and rather one-sided {Nuttall,
1294, 242).
S. PALLiDULA (Cooke) Sacc.

On dead branches and bark of Acer saccharimun, L., Feb.
26, 1894. On Oxydendron arbor eum. Sporidia 20 to 22 x
7 |U (Nuttall, 1408, 665).

B U L G A R I A C E AE.

LEOTIA Hill.
L. i.uBRicA (Scop.) Pers.

On ground, alt. 1,800 ft., Short Creek, Aug. 14, 1893
(Nuttall, 1 150). On earth (Sheldon, 3049, 3462, 3463).

ORBILIA Fr.
O. RUBELLA (Pers.)

On decorticated log, Liriodeiidrnn Tulif^ifera, Sept. 19,
1895 (Nuttall, 1858,748).
O. \iNosA (A. & S.) Karst.

On Poria spissa, Nov. 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 1261).
O. LUTEO-RUBELLA (Nyl.) Karst.

On decaying wood {Sheldon, 3047).
O. OCCULTA (Rehm) Sacc.

On dead log, Aug. 20, 1893 (Nuttall, 1202).
O. cocciNELLA (Somm.) Karst.

On dead log Juglans cinerea, Short Creek, July 25, 1893
(Nuttall, 1 1 34, 663).
O. Xanthostigma Fr.

On decorticated limbs Magnolia Fraseri, Sept. 1895 (Nutt-
all, 1855, 742, 743).

BULGARIA Fr.

B. INOUINANS (Pers.) Fr.

In clefts of bark of trees and railroad ties, Oct. 10, 1893
(Nuttall, 1210).

SARCOSMA Gasp.
S. RUFUM (L. & S.) Rehm.

On dead Beech branches in woods (Sheldon, 3279).

CORYNE Tul.

C. URNALis (Nyl.) Sacc.

On rotting log Fagus atropunicea; under bark of Qiiercus
alba log, Monongalia Co., near Morgantown ( Millspaugh).
On wet mossy logs, alt. 1,800 ft. and over, Oct. 10, 1893
(Nuttall, 1 2 12, 167).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY II7

C. SARCOiDES (Jacq.) Tul.

On decaying log {Sheldon, 14 14, 3186, 3189).

HOLWAYA Sacc.

H. oPHiOBOLus (Ellis) Sacc.

On bark of dead Magnolia Fraseri, alt. 1,800 ft., Dec. 16,
1893, Short Creek (Nnttall, 1323, 279).

S T I C T A C E AE .

PROPOLIS Fr.
P. FAGiNEA (Schrad.) Karst.

On Juglans cinerea and on old board of Liriodendron
Tulipifera, Dec. 5, 1894 {Nuttall, 1765, 660). On Liquid-
amber StyraciUua.
P. Leonis (Tul.) Rehm.

On bark of Pinus rigida and Virgiiiiana, June 31, 1894
(Nnttall, 1 581).

STICTIS Pers.

S. FIMBRIATA ScllW.

On strobiles of Finns Virgiiiiana, alt. 2,000 ft., March,
1894 (Nnttall, 1468, 443). Sporidia 5 to 7 x 1.5 ju,.

PHACIDIACEAE.

RHYTISMA (Pers.) Fr.
R. PUNCTATUM (Pers.) Fr.

On leaves of Acer Fennsyh'anicnm, alt. 2,000 ft., Oct.
22, 1893 (Nnttall, 1217, 168). On Acer spicatnm, Ran-
dolph: near Cheat Bridge (Sheldon).
R. UECOLORANS Fr.

On Xolisnia lignstrina, at Rupert's, July 26, 1894 (Nuttall,

1638, 569).
R. ACERiNUM (Pers.) Fries.

On Acer rnhrum, Preston : near Rohr, and Randolph : near
Cheat Bridge; on Acer saccharum, Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown (Sheldon).
R. Prini Schwein.

On leaves of Ilex verticillata, at Rupert's, Sept. 7, 1894
(Nuttall, i6yy).

PATELLARIACEAE.
DURELLA Tul.

D. COMMUTATA Fckl.

On dead log. Short Creek, Dec. 16, 1893 (Nuttall, 1328)

Il8 THE WEST \IRGIx\lA FLORA

LECANIDION Rabenh.
L. ATRATUM (Hedw.) Rabenh.

On Aralia spinosa, Feb. 17, 1894. Sporidia 50 x 12.5 ix
{Nnttall, 1390, 359).
L. Hamamelidis (Peck) Sacc.

On bark of H amamelis Virghiica. Sporidia i to 3-septate
when mature. Dec. 18, 1894 {Nuttall, i'/'/2).

G Y M N O A S C A C E AE .

EXOASCUS Fckl.
E. DEFORATANS (Berk.) Fckl.

Taphrina deformans Tul. On leaves of Ainygdalns Per-
sica, Jefferson Co., near Charlestown (Millspaugh).
E. Pruni Fckl.

Taphrina Pruni Tuj. On fruits of Priiiitis douiestica,
Monongalia Co., at Morgantown {Mills paugJi).

HYSTERIACEAE.
GLOxNIUM Muehl.

G. STELLATUM Muchl.

On rotten oak plank, and on Sassafras Sassafras, July 28,
1893 {Ktittall 1 128). On wood fence, Dellslow ; on Juglans
nigra, Preston, near Albright {Sheldon) .
G. PARVULUM (Ger.) Sacc.

On fence rails Castanea dentata, April 20, 1894 {Nnttall,
1496).
G. siMULANS Ger.

On old fence rails, alt. 2.000 ft., ]\Iarch 16, 1894. Asci
75 X 7.5 to 10 II. Spores 13 to 18 x 5 /x. On Junglans
cinerea, asci 65 x 10 ju,; spores 12 to 15 x 4 to 5 /^ {Nnttall.

1415)-

HYSTERIUM Tod.
H. Kalmiae Schw.?

On dead Kalinia latifolia, Nov., 1893 {Nuttall, 1287, 232).

HYSTEROGRAPHIUM Corda.
H. iNsiDENS (Schw.) Sacc.

On old fence rails, April 6, 1894. Largest spores 43 x 7.5
/-t, ii-septate {Nuttall, 1452).
H. suBRUGOSUM (C. & E.) Sacc.

On old fence rails. May 26, 1894. Spores 33 to 35 x 12.5
fi {Nuttall, 1522).
ri. MoRT (Schw.) Rehm.

On old fence rails, April 6. 1894 (Nuttall, 1451).

WEST \-lRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SUR\'EY IIQ

HYPODERMA DC.
H. Desmazieri DuBy.

On living leaves of Piiiiis echinata. Wood Co., near
Lockhart's Run (MiUspatcgh).

H. VIRGULTORUM DC.

On Riibiis Bailcyattus, Dec. 5, 1893 (Nitttall, 1293).
H. COMMUNE (Fr.) Duby.

On Hydrangea arborcscens, Nov. 3, 1893 (Nuttall, 1259)
On old petioles Aralia spinosa (Nuttall, 1830, 719).

LOPHODERMIUM Chev.
L. Rhododendri (Schw.)

On Rhododendron maximum, Sept. 4, 1893 (Nuttall.
1192). Boone: near Lick Run (Sheldon.)
L. PiNASTRi (Schrad.) Chev.

On leaves of Piniis rigida, Short Creek, Aug. 2, 1893
(Nuttall, 1 1 58).
L. culmigenum (Fr.) Karst.

On straw brought in from Ohio, May 24, 1894. Measure-
ments of asci and spores prove to be the same as those of
L. arundinaceum (Schrad.) Chev. (Nuttall, 1496).

OSTROPA Fr.
O. ciNEREA (Pers.) Fr. ?

Issuing from cracks in a decorticated log, May 31, 1894
(Nuttall, 1526).

A G A R I C A C E AE .
AMANITA Pers.

A. VERNA Fr.

On ground in open woods, July 11, 1893. Spores round,
7.5 iu (Nuttall, 964).
A. MuscARiA Linn.

Rooted on buried limb of Betula Icnta, Grant Co., near
Bayard ( MiUspaugh ) .

An ecarunculate form, apparently of this species, on leaf
mold in deep woods, same locality.

A. MUSCARIA ALBA Peck.

On ground in laurel thicket. Short Creek, alt. 2,000 ft.
Has the odor of buttermilk. Spores 9 x 6 /x (Nuttall, 1131).
A. FLAvo-RUBENS Berk.

On ground in woods, Short Creek, lulv 6, 1893 (Nuttall,
1078).^
A. polypyra:mis B. & C.

Among bushes, alt. 2,400 ft., July 6, 1893. Largest stipes

I20 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

15 cm. long, thick, heavy and deep in ground. Pileus 15
cm. broad. Spores 10 x 6 ;u, (N it t tall, iioi).
A. Caesarea Scop.

Preston: common near Brookside (Bcardslee).

A. PHALLOIDES Fr.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).
A. Frostii Peck.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).

A. VERNA Bulk

Preston: very common near Brookside (Bcardslee).

A. STROBILIFORMIS Vitt.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).

A. SOLITARIA Bull

Preston : near Brookside. Specimens and photographs
secured illustrate both this and the preceding species as they
are understood in the United States. They are listed here
in spite of the fact that their status is unsatisfactory. Most
of our A. solitaria is referred, by European Mycologists, to
A. echinocephala Vitt. — Bcardslee.
A. VlTTADINI Fr.

Preston : near Brookside. I believe this simply a w^ell
marked form of A. echinocephala Vitt. My specimens and
photographs have been carefully verified and show the
species, such as it is, to be certainly West Virginian. — ■
Bcardslee.

A. RUBESCENS Pcrs.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).
A. SPRETA Peck.

Preston: near Brookside. A. cinerea Bres. is identical
with this although our plants much exceed the limits set by
Bresadola. It is extremely variable, a pure white form being
especially noteworthy.
A. SPRETA PARVA Bcardslec. var. nov.

Pileus I to 1.5 in. broad, thin, almost membraneous, deeply
sulcate-striate. Stipe slender, about 2 in. tall. Annulus me-
dian. Spores, color and volva as in A. spreta.

An interesting form, found growing in colonies, in gravel
high up on the mountain near Brookside, Preston Coimty.
Both Peck and Bresadola are inclined to consider it a dis-
tinct species.

LEPIOTA (P. Browne) S. F. Gray.

L. PROCERA Scop.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).
L. NAUCINA Fr.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 121

L. Americana Peck.

Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslee) .
L. cristata (Bolt.) Quel

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).
L. AcuTisouAMOSA Weini.

Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslee).

L. CLYPEOLARIA BuU.

Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslee).

L. METULAESPORA B. & Br.

Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslee).

L. AMIANTHINA Scop.

Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslee) .

POLYMYCES Batt.
P. ciNEREUs Batt {Agarictis melleus Vahl.)

ArmiUaria mellea Quel Preston : near Brookside {Bcards-
lee).

AMANITOPSIS Roze.
A. NIVALIS (Grev.) Sacc.

In loam on rocks in laurel tangle, June 26, 1893 {Nuttall.
1004).

A. STRANGULATA Fr.

Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslee).

VAGINATA (Nees) S. F. Gray.
V. Vaginata (Bull.) Merrill.

Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslee).

AMANITELLA Earle.

A. FARiNOSA (Schw.) Earle. {Amanita farinosa Schw.)

Preston; near Brookside {Bcardslee).

TRICHOLOMA Fr.

T. FUMOSO-LUTEUM Pcck ?

On unknown substance, June 15, 1893, Short Creek
{Nuttall, 990).
T. AURANTiA Schaeff.

Preston : near Brookside. This is certainly T. Peckii
Howe. Our plant does not agree rigidly with the description
but it corresponds exactly with the plant as it grows in
Sweden, where I have collected it. — Bcardslee.
T. GRAVE Peck.

Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslee).

MONOMYCES Batt.

M. RUTiLENS (Shaeff.) Batt. {TricJioloma rutilens Schaeff.)
Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslee).

122 . THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CLITOCYBE Fr.
C. iLLUDENS Schwein.

On old stumps in clusters of about eip;ht, dark and deep
rich orange color throughout, -|- 20 cm. x -{- 12 cm. broad
stipe + 25 mm. thick. Spores -{- 6 jj. diameter, uneven.
July 14, 1893 {Nuttall, 1093).

C. LACCATA Scop.

Common in wet sand, bank of Short Creek, alt. 2,000 ft..
Jul}- 28, 1893. Spores 10 /x diameter, echinate (Nuttall,
1 124).
C. NEBULARis Batsch.

Preston: near Brookside {Beanislee).

C. ODORA Bull.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).
C. CERUSSATA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).
C. c.\NDic;vNS Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).

C. DEALBATA Sow.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).

C. INFUNDIBULIFORMIS Schacff.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).
C. cvAiHiFORMis Frics.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).

COLLYBIA Fr.

C. PLATYPHYLLA Fr.

On mold and moss on trunk of tree, Short Creek, June
15, 1893 (Nuttall, 981).

C. CONIGENOIDES ElHs.

On last year's cones Ma^^iiolia Frascri, Sept. 18, 1895
(Nuttall, 1848).

C. DRYOPHILA Bull.

In moss on log in deep woods. Grant Co., near Bayard
(Millspaugh).

C. MACULATA A. & S.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).

C. BUTYRACEA Bull.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee) .

C. CONFLUENS PcrS.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).
C. ciRRHATA Schum.

Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslee).

CRINIPELLUS Pat.
C. STiPiTARiA (Fries.) Pat. (CoUybia stipitaria Fr.).

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I23

COLLYBIDIUM Earle.

C. \ELUTiPES (Curt.) Earle. (Collybia vehitipes Cnrt.)

About roots of rotting stumps, Jan. 31, 1895 {Nuttall,
830). Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee) .

GYMNOPUS Rouss.
G. RADicATA (Relh.) Rouss. {Collybia radicata Relh.).

On leaf mold in rich woods, Monongalia Co., near Mor-
gantown (Millspaugh). May 17, 1893 (Nuttall, gSo). Pres-
ton: near Brookside (Beardslee).

MYCENA Fr.

M. ~sp.

White. On mossy stump, July 4, 1893 (Nuttall, 1019).

M. GALERICULATA Scop.

In rich woods under oak twig, and oak bark on log,
Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On damp
dead logs. May 7, 1893 (Nuttall, 930).

M. EPIPTERYGIA Scop.

On moss-covered log and in clefts of bark, Feb. 28, 1893
(Nuttall, 948).

M. RUBRO-MARGINATA FricS.

Preston: on Hemlock cones near Brookside (Beardslee).
M. PURA Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
M. FILOPES Bull.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
M. HAEMATOPA Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
M. GALOPA Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
M. VULGARIS Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
M. TENERRiMA Berk.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
M. coRTicoLA Schum.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

O^IPHALIA Fr.

O. CAMPANELLA Batsch.

Oh leaf mold at base of Castanca dentata, Preston Co.,
near Terra Alta (Millspaugh). On rotten log in thicket,
June 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1009).
O. CHR^soPHYLLA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
O. STELLATA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

124 TIl^ \VF,ST VIRGINIA FLORA

O. FIBULA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

PLEUROTUS Fr.

P. CORTICATUS Fr. ?

On fallen ^-Iccr sp. Gills not anastomosing, July 28, 1893
(N lit tall, 1 1 23).
P. SAPiDus Kalchbr.

On dead log, Feb. 2, 1893 {Nuttall, 850).
P. SEROTINUS Schrad.

On dead trunks, Nov. 20, 1893 {Nuttall, 1267).
P. CYPHELLiFORMis Berk.

On dead stems of Polymnia Uvedalia, Nov. 15, 1894
{Nuttall, 1742).
P. NIGER Fr.

. On bark of dead tree, May 13, 1893 {Nuttall, 953).
P. PETALOiDES Fries.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).

HYGROPHORUS Fr.

H. NITIDUS B. & C.

On decayed log. May 14, 1893 {Nuttall, 968).
H. PRATENSis Fries.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).
H. viRGiNEUs Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
H. LAETUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).
H. CERACEUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).
H. cocciNEUs Fries.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).
H. MiNiATUs Fries.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).
H. coNicus Fries.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).
H. psiTTAciNus Fries.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).

LACTARIA Pers.

L. ciLicioiDES Fries.

On border of woods and swamp, July 4, 1893 {Nuttall,
1020).
L. PiPERATA (L.) Pers.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).

L. PERGAMENA (Sw.) FriCS.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I25

L. GLAucESCENs(Crossl.) Bcardslce comb.nov. {Lactarius Crossl.)
Preston : rather rare near Brookside but doubtless occurs
in the southern mountains quite generally. This species was
observed, studied, and noted under a temporary name. Tht
peculiar glaucous-green color assumed by the latex wai
different from anything before observed. My plants should
certainly be referred to this species, which has since been
published. It has possibly been confused with L. vellereus
which it resembles.
L. \ELLERA Fries

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
L. INSULSA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
L. TRivALis Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
L. DELiciosA (L.) Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
L. Indigo (Schw.) Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
L. PLiNTiiOGALA (Otto) Burl. (LacJariiisfidigiiiosusFr.)

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
L. LACTiFLUA (L.) Burl. (Lactarius vol emus Fr.^,

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
L. HVDROPiPEROiDES Berk. & Curt.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
L. suBDULcis (Pers.) Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

RUSSULA Pers.

R. EMETICA Fr. ?

In woods, July 4, 1893 (Nut tall, 1021).
R. NIGRICANS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
R. ADUSTA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
R. DELicA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
R. FURCATA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
R. FRAGiLis Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
R. viRESCENS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

126 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CANTHARELLUS Adans.

C. MINOR Peck?

On ground in woods, alt. 2,000 ft., July 4, 1893 (Nnttall,
1023).

C. Wrightii Berk?

Wet sand of river bank in shade, July 18, 1893. Whole
plant light red except gills, which are little deeper red than
salmon-color, gills decurrent, veined between, pileus more
convex than plane, and depressed edge wavy, rather tough
Largest 4 cm. broad, stem 5 cm. high, 5 mm. thick. Spore?
7.5 to 8.5 X 3.5 to 5 /x, apparently rough and guttulate in-
ward {Nuttall, 1 104).

C. lUBAEFORMIS Fr. ?

On rotten wood in woods, alt. 2,000 ft., julv 4, 1893
{Nuttall, 1022). ■

C. FLOccosus Schw.

On open bank of stream in laurel thicket, alt. 2,000 ft.,

June 20, 1893. Largest squamules .75 cm. long, thick and

triangular, forming a cone which clones the funnel below

the top an inch or more. Spores 15 x 7.5 /x {Nuttall, 992).

C. ciBARius Fries. ♦

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).
C. AURANTiAcus Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslce).
C. iNFUNDiBULiFORMis Fries.

Preston: near Brookside { Bcardslee).
C. ciNNABARiNUS Fries.

Preston: near BrooksiBe (Bcardslce).

NYCTALIS Fr.

N. ASTEROPHORA Fr.

On dead Agaric in deep damp woods, July 14, 1893. Stars
20 fi diameter {Nuttall, 1096).

MARASMIUS Fr.

M. SEMIHIRTIPES Pcck.

On dead leaves, sticks, etc.. Short Creek, IMay 14, 1893
{Nuttall, 967).
M. ERYTHROPUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslce).
M. scoRODONius Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).
M. FOETiDus Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc) .
M. ANDROSACEUS Frics.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc) .

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 12/

M. SPLANCKNOIDES Frics.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
M. PERFORANS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
M. INSTITITUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
M. EPiPi-iYLLus Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
M. opAcus B. & C.

Common, on dead branches Rhododendron maximum^
Grant Co., near Bayard (Mills pan gli).

M. CAMPANULATUS Peck.

On dead leaves and sticks in damp woods, Short Creek,
alt. 1,300 ft., An^. 16, 1893 (Nnttall, 1153).
M. ROTULA (Scop.) Fr.

On dead limb of Betnla lenta. Grant Co., near Bayard
(Millspaitgh). On stick in open woods, June 8, 1893
(Nut fall, 972).

COLLYBIOPSIS (Schroet.) Earle.
C. RAMEALis (Fr.) Earle. (Marasiniits raniealis Fr.)

Very common on twigs and leaves in laurel thickets, June
15, 1893 (Nuttall. 994).

SCORTEUS Earle.
S. OREADES (Fries) Earle. (Marasiiiins orcades Fr. )

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

TAPINIA (Fries) Karst.
T. PANUOiDES (Fries). (Pa.villns panuoides Fr.)

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

LENTODIUM Morg.
L. SQUAMOSUM (Huds.) Murrill. (Lenthius lepideus Fr.)

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

LENTINUS Fr.
L. STRiGosus Fr.

On dead log Betnla liitea. Grant Co., near Bayard (Mills-
pangh). On dead logs, common. May 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 904).
L. CRiNiTus (L.) Fries.

On Aecr saceliarnni, ]\lonongalia, near Lick Run (Shel-
don).

PANUS Fr.
P. STiPTicus (Bull.) Fr.

On fallen dead limb, Jan. 29. 1893 (Nuttall, 050).

128 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. DORSALIS BOSC.

On Tsiiga Canadensis, Sept., 1893 {Nuttall, 1253, 196).
P. coNCiiATUs Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).

TROGIA Fr.
T. CRISPA (Pers.) Fr.

On various dead dry loj^s and limbs, March 21. 1893
{Nuttall, 875).

LENZITES.
L. EETULiNA (Linn.) Fr.

On logs. Sept. 6, 1893 {Nuttall, 837). Monongalia: Lick
Run {Sheldon).
L. ABIETINA (Bull.) Fr.

On dead branches Tsuga Canadensis, alt. 1,600 ft., Dec.
^5> 1893 (Nuttall, 1301).

L. CORRUGATA Klot.

On Castanea deutata, alt. 1,800 ft., Dec. 19, 1893 {Nuttall,
1302).

GLOEOPHYLLUM Karst.
G. HiRSUTUM (Schaefif.) Murrill. {Lensites sepiaria Fr.).

On Pinus Virginiana, Monongalia, near Dellslow and on
Fraxinus, near Ringgold ; on spruce log, Pocahontas, Spruce
Mountain, alt. 4,000 ft. {Sheldon) . On decorticated stumps
Picea Mariana, Tucker Co., near Falls of Blackwater ( Mills-
paugh ) .

A resupinate form on dead logs Tsuga Canadensis Grant
Co.
G. TRABEUM (Pers.) Murrill.

On Acer saccharum, Monongalia : near Lick Run and Mor-
gantown {Sheldon).

SCHIZOPHYLLUM Fr.

S. COMMUNE Fr.

On bark log Qucrcus alba, Grant Co., near Bayard. On
dead twig Pyrus Malus, Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
{Millspaugh) . On dead logs, Jan. 30, 1893 {Nuttall, 827).
S. ALNEUM (L.) Schroet.

On Acer, Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades (Sheldon).

VOLVARL^ Fr.
V. BOMBYCiNA (Pcrs.) Fr.

On dead insect sp. ? Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
{Millspaugh).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I2q

V. HYPOPiTA Fries.

Preston : near Brookside. This is the only Volvaria I
have detected in West Virginia. It is the plant commonly
referred to V. pubescentipes Pk. Aly specimens have been
verified by Bresadola and I am confident they are correct. —
Beardslee.

PLUTEUS Fries.
P. CERViNUS (Schaefif.) Quel.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).

P. ADMIRABILIS Pcck.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

P. LONGISTRIATUS Peck.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

ENTOLOMA (Fries) Quel.

E. SERiCELLA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
E. RHODOPOLiA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
E. STRiCTiOR Peck.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
E. SERICEA Bull.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

CLITOPILUS Fr.

C. ABORTIVUS Fr.

Wet woods, alt. i,8oo ft., aborted specimens in quantity,
Sept. 4, 1893 (Nnffall, 1190).
C. PRUNULus Scop.

Preston: common near Brookside (Beardslee).
C. ORCELLA Bull.

Preston: common near Brookside (Beardslee).

NOLANEA (Fries) Quel.

N. PASCUA Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
N. MAMMOSA Linn.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee) .

LEPTONIA (Fries) Quel.

L. SERRULATA Pers. *

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
L. ASPERELLA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

130 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CLAUDOPUS (W. G. Smith) Gillet.
C. VARIABILIS Pers.

Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslec).
C. BvssisEDUs Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

PHOLIOTA (Fries) Quel.
P. EREBiA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
P. CANDicANS (Bull) Scliroet. (P. praecox Pers.).

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).
P. ADiPOSA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).
P. MUTABiLis Schaeff.

Preston: near Brookside {Beardslee).

ROZITES Karst.
R. CAPERATA (Pers.) Karst. {Pholiota caperata Pers.).

Preston: common near Brookside (Beardslee).

FLAMMULA (Fries) Quel
F. FLAviDA Schaeff.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

NAUCORIA (Fries) Quel
N. FESTivA Fries.

Preston : near Brookside. A photograph of this curious

plant was secured and seems to be correctly placed. The

glutinous pileus and long rooting stipe are very marked —

Beardslee.

N. SEMiORBicuLARis (BuU.) Qucl (N. pediades Fr.).

Preston: common in lawns near Brookside (Beardslee).

CONOCYBE Fayod.
C. TENER (Schaeff.) Fayod. (Gal era tciier Schaeff.).

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
C. HYPNORUM fBatsch.) Murrill. (Galcra hypnornrn Batsch.).

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

TUBARIA (W. G. Smith) Gillet.

T. FURFURACEA PcrS.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

' CREPIDOTUS (Nees.) S. F. Gray.
C. CALOLEPis Fries.

Preston : near Brookside. This is the plant commonly

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I3I

referred to C. fiilvotomentosus Peck. Fries' description does
not well apply to our plant, but the Swedish plant referred
to this species is identical with ours. I found, in Sweden,
specimens nearly three times the dimensions given by Fries
and differing in no way from specimens collected in West
Virginia and in North Carolina — Bcavdslee.

C. APPLANATUS Pcrs.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).

C. MALACHIUS B. & C.

Preston: near Brookside ( Bcardslce).
C. PUTRIGENUS B. & C.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
C. VERsuTus Peck

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).

C. HERBARUM Pcck.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).

CORTINARIUS fPers.) Roussel.
C. CAERULESCENS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).
C. PURPURASCENS Frics.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).

C. RODES B. & C.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).
C. vioLACEus Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).
C. PHOLiDEus Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslce).
C. ciNNAMOMEus Frics.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).
C. TORVUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslce).

C. ARMILLATUS FricS.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).

PAXILFUS Fries.
P. IN\T)LUTUS (Batsch) Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).

P. ATRAMENTOSUS FricS.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).

VENENARIUS Earle.
V. MUSCARius (Fries) Earle. (Agaricns ninscarius Fr.)

AGARICUS Linn.
A. Rodman I Peck.

On ground, June 28, 1893 (N tit fall, 1005).

132 THE WEST \TRGINIA FLORA

A. CAMPESTER Linn.

On lawn, June 24, 1893 {Nuttall, 1002).
A. SIL\' KOLA Vitt.

In woods, Short Creek, alt. 1,150 ft. {Nuttall, 1699).
Spores 5 to 7 X 3 to 4 |U,.
A. siLVATicus Schsefif.

In woods, Short Creek, July 2, 1893 {Nnttall, 1117).
A. ARVENSis Linn.

Preston: near I)rookside (Bcardslcc).

A. PLACOMYCES Pcck.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).
STROPHARIA Fr.

S. STERCORARIA Fr.

On decayino- vegetable matter, Preston Co., near Terra
Alta ( Mills paugh).
S. SEMiGLOBATA (Batsch.) Quel.

Preston: near Brookside {Bcardslcc).

HYPHOLOMA Fr.

H. SUBLATERITIUM Schseff.

Under bark log^ Fraxinus Aiiicricana, Mononq-alia Co.,
near Morgantown (Millspaugh).

H. ELAEODES Fr. ?

On sticks on ground, May 18. 1893 {Nnttall, 858).

H. FASCICULARIS Huds.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslee).
H. LACHRYMABUNDA Fries.

Preston : near Brookside. The plants referred here, with
some misgivings, were found growing in large masses com-
prised of a great number of individuals, resembling in num-
ber and scaly appearance Cooke's figure of H. storea Fr. I
have never seen it since — Bcardslcc.
H. Candolleana Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).
H. appendiculatum (Bull.) Quel.

Preston: near Brookside (Bcardslcc).

COPRINUS Pers.
C. variegatus Peck?

On stick in shady place, Aug. 11, 1893 (Nuttall, 1143V
C. micaceus (Bull) Fr.

On bases of stumps in woods, July 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 1081).
C. DOMESTicus (Pers.) Fr.

In woods on mixture of manure and leaf mold. June
29, 1893 (Nuttall. 1007).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 1 33

C. SEMILANATUS Peck ?

In heavily manured asparagus bed in garden, Apr. 29,
1893 {Nut tall, 903).

C. EPHEMERUS Fr.

On horse dung, July 2, 1893 (Nuttall, 1113).

C. ANGULATUS Peck.

On baked soil where log had been burned, with Pccica
carhonaria. May 8, 1893 {Nuttall, 932).

PANAEOLUS Fr.
P. CAMPANULATUS Linn.

On cow dung in deep coniferous woods, Grant Co., near
Bayard (Millspaugh). Plentiful on manured lawn, j\Iay 8,
1893, (Nuttall, 933).
P. soLiDiPES Peck.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

PSATHYRELLA Karst.

P. DISSEMINATA Pers. ?

In rotten mold about the base of a stump, a mass about
I meter containing perhaps thousands of specimens. Speci-
mens 3 to 5 cm. high, thin, fleshless. Pileus i cm. broad,
8 mm. high, slightly umbonate, sulcate striate, mealy, gray,
stems white, smooth i mm. thick, at first slightly furfura-
ceous. Largest stems 6 cm., broadest pileus 18 mm. Spores
6 to 10 X 3 to 5 ;U, (Nuttall, 1 189). Sept. 3, 1893.

POLYPORACFAE.

GYROPORUS Quel.
G. CYANESCENS (Bull.) Ouel. (Boletus cyanesccns Bull.).

Bare soil and on clay banks along roads. Preston, near
Brookside (Beardslee).

TYLOPILUS Karst.
T. GRACILIS (Peck) p. Henn. (Boletus gracilis Peck).

Preston, near Brookside (Beardslee).
T. ALBOASTER (Schw.) Murrill. (Boletus nigrellus Peck).

Preston, near Brookside (Beardslee).

CERIOMYCES Batt.
C. CHROMAPES (Frost) Murrill. (Boletus chroma pes Frost).

Preston: abundant near Brookside (Beardslee).
C. AURiFLAMMEUS (B. & C.) Murrill. (Boletus auriHammeus
B. & C.)

In dry gravel high on the mountain sides, Preston : near
Brookside (Beardslee).

134 THE WEST \1RGIN1A FLORA

C. PARASITICUS (Bull.) Murrill. {Boletus parasiliciis Bull.)-
On Scleroderma viilgare in wet woods, Fayette : near
Nuttallburg {Nuttall, 1191).
C. ExiMius (Peck) Murrill. (Boletus exiiiiius Peck).

Hillsides, Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

C. CRASsus Batt. (Boletus edulis Bull).

Old field under Rhus copallina, pileus 15 x 10 cm., stipe

4x5 cm. Spores 10 to 14 x 3 to 4 [x, Fayette, near Nuttall-

burg (Nuttall, 990). Preston: rarely seen at Brookside.

C. CRASSUS SEPARANS Pcck. (Boletus separaiis Peck).

Hillsides, Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).
C. AFFiNis (Peck) Murrill. (Boletus afHinis Peck).

Preston : abundant everywhere about Brookside (Beards-
lee).
C. SPECiosus (Frost) Murrill. (Boletus speciosus Frost).

On ground in woods, alt. 2,000 ft., Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall, 1099).
C. BicoLOR (Peck) Murrill. (Boletus bicolor Peck)

Common along sandy roads, Preston : near Brookside
(Beardslce).
C. COMMUNIS (Bull.) Murrill. (Boletus chryseiitroii Fr.)

In deep woods, Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 987)

PULVEROBOLETUS Murrill.
P. Ravenelii (B. & C.) Murrill. (Boletus Ravenelii Berk. &
Curt.).

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).

STROBILOMYCES Berk.

S. strobilaceus (Scop.) Berk.

Shady fence row, alt. 2,300 ft. Spores about 10 /x round.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, iioo).

FISTULINA Bull.

F. HEPATIC A Fr.

On dead stumps, alt. 2,000 ft. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall, 1 1 02).

POLYPORUS (Mich.) Paulet.
P. Polyporus (Retz.) Murrill. (P. bruinalis Fr.).

On dead logs, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 1835).
P. Fissus Berk.

On Acer. Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades (Sheldon).
P. ARCULARius (Batsch) Fries.

On rotten logs, largest specimens 4 cm. broad with stipe
2.3 cm. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 929).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I35

P. ELEGANS (Bull.) Fries. (P. varins of Am. Auth.).

On dead logs, specimens thin, tough, 20 cm. broad, Fay-
ette : near Xuttallburg {Niittall, 840).

BJERKANDERA Karst.

B. ADUSTA (Willd.) Karst. {Poly poms adiisttis Fr.).

On dead branch Rlnis hirta, and in decayed stump Hicoria

ovata, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Mills paugh) ; on

dead log, Star City; on dead oak, near Randall {Sheldon).

On Willow, Ohio: near Moundsville {Sheldon).

PORODISCULUS Karst.

P. TENDULus (S.chw.) Murrill. (Polyponis pocnla B. & C).
. On dead Rhus copallina, Fayette : near Glade Creek {Niitt-
all, 478, 1495)-

ISCHNODERMA Karst.

I. FULiGiNOSUM (Scop.) Murrill. (Polyponis resinosti^s Fr.).
. ,j;,.,,,Pn -j4^^1 dpgK.l^^yette : near Nuttalll)urg (Nuti^qlJ^^^^jg).

/■nyifriBt') : aslrtodKoo'I .'foi<,i ]>!''!• 1, .■■ ,v,\\vlf'. ) nwot

FUSCOSPORIA Mu«rjW:>5\?.) nrBlnrioM

F. N'lTicoLA (Schw.) Murrill.

On QtiercmiMdjKokk^l^i, M^nQOg,allia]:/near Morgantown

.!.7//i?^^^tok ivnM'Mo^) MmnM. i.7/rhP.) hatoajH .h

I. MOLLIS (Berk. & GttRt.l) .Murrill.jv^f\Ts\ ?,\nof\YVV-\

On Acer saccharum, Alonongalia: near Lick Run (Shel-
don). Jlii-rnM ^'J^IO^ITHA.I
I. LACTEUS (Fries) Murj-ill., ,,• . - - t
• ( -"^^ m6m]^msi'':'m''0lM^us at- liiBc liuA ■,^bn ' Jugmnrmred
"•"^''^^M'6i-'gafrto\Vn'(^57?'^'/^dhj. '' ' ''^^" smvK^ob uO

T. CHiONEUS (i^ries) Karst.
(.I'^r <5ft^-^i^tV*r>-iMoi-l6ttyalia : at Slibfat!6n ; ow'dead -^A^-dod,' Uji-I
i"ior[gi-itftn' k Fm\m-' Creek^fShemw)'f\ >lf'''-'ii b'^'^b nO
T. UNDOSUS (Peck) Murrill. •■'<\^=,^ ,^'t^= .\\n\A\vY.) >{99-i3

On decaying trunks of Uem\oc^imid'PlnW,(^M'u>riU^^'Ort}i\

.(nobhj\?.) -/fsaiD rbrrsT'^ : -rrirkqU -.mw^
lONOTU^'rafM. (-^"oM) a-iaioMoiJ .H

I. PERPLEXus |Peck) Murrill.

On Fat^iis, Monongalia: near Alorgantown (Sheldon).

136 THE WRST \TRG1NIA FLORA

PHAEOLUS Pat.

P. siSTOTREMOiDES (Alb. & Schw. ) Murrill.

On Hemlock log, Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades (Shel-
don).

PYCNOPORUS Karst.

P. ciNNABARiNUS (Jaccj.) Karst.

Preston: on Pntniis scrotina, near Reedsville, on Bctula
near Cranesville ; on dead wood, Pocahontas : Cranberry-
Mountain ; Monongalia : near Morgantown, on Primus se-
rotina and on Qiiercus (Sheldon).

GRIFOLA (Micheli) S. F. Gray.

G. RAMOSissiMA (Scop.) Murrill. (Polyponis iiiiibcllatus ¥r.).
In dry exposed hollow of oak stump. Alonongalia : near
Morgantown ( Mills pan gh ) .
G. Berkeley: (Fr.) Murrill (Polyponis B. & lactilhnis Pk.).
On ground in open woods, height 30 cm. breadth 60 cm.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (NnttaU. 1171). In dry ex-
posed hollow of oak stump. Monongalia : near Morgan-
town (A'lillspaugh). On dead wood, Pocahontas: Cranberry
Mountain (Sheldon).

AURANTIPORUS Murrill.

A. PiLOTAE (Schw.) Murrill. (Polyponis Pilotae Schw.).

On dead and rotten log, Fayette: Sewell Valley (NnttaU,
1661). Under side of dead log, Nuttallburg (NnttaU, 166,
1214), Polyponis hypococeineus Berk.

LAETIPORUS Murrill.

L. SPEciosus (Batt.) Murrill. (Polyponis sulphur ens Fr.).

On decaying oak stump, Monongalia : near Morgantown
(Mills paiigh).

HAPALOPILUS Karst.

H. RUTiLANS (Pers.) Murrill. (Polyponis nidnlaus Fr.).

On dead trunk Prnnns scrotina, Fayette : along Short
Creek (NnttaU, 548, 1599).
H. GiLvus (Schw.) Murrill.

On Fagns, Monongalia: near Morgantown: on Acer rnh-
rnm; Upshur: French Creek (Sheldon).
H. LicNOiDES (Mont.) Murrill.

On Acer sacchannn, Preston: near Albright (Sheldon).

WEST X'IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 137

GANODERMA Karst.
G. TsuGAE Aiurrill.

. On Tsuga, Monongalia : at Tibbs Run and Sturgisson
{Sheldon).

PYROPOLYPORUS Murrill.
P. iGNiARius (L.) Murrill.

On Betnia, Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades; on Acer, Pres-
ton: near Cranesville {Sheldon). Randolph: near Pickens
{H. H. Smith, 1946). ,

P. RoBiNiAE Murrill.

On living Robinia, Monongalia : near Sturgisson and
Mason: near Ehvell {SJicIdon) .
P. CONCH ATUS (Pers.) Murrill.

On dead log, Monongalia: near Morgantown {Sheldon) .

ELFVINGIA Karst.
E. FOMENTARIA (L.) Murrill. {Fonies fouientarius of Flora).
On dead Betnia lutea, Grant: near Bayard {Millspaugh) ;
on dead log, Greenbrier: near Rupert {Niittall, 1635).

E. MEGALOMA (Lev.) Murrill.

On dead wood, Monongalia : Lick Run ; on Acer saccha-,
rum, Preston, near Cranesville {Sheldon).

FOMES Fr.

F. LuciDus (Leys.) Fr.

On dead logs Tsuga Canadensis, Preston Co.. near Terra
Alta {Millspaugh). On old stumps in deep woods, April
10, 1893, full grown in June {Niittall, 892).
F. voLVATUS Peck.

On west side Finns Virginiana, March 8, 1893 {Nnttall,
870).
F. UNGULATus (Scliacff.) Sacc {F. pinicola of Flora).

On Tsuga, Preston: near Cranesville {Sheldon) ; on fallen
trunks Tsuga Canadensis, Short Creek, IN'Iay i, 1893 {Nntt-
all, 924).
F. APPLANATUS (Pcrs.) Wallr.

On dead Acer saccharnin and Quercus palustris, alba and
rubra, Wood Co., near Kanawha Station, and McDowell Co.,
near Elkhorn. On dead Fraxinus Americana, Grant Co.,
near Bayard, and Monongalia Co., near Morgantown {Mills-
paugh). On dead logs, Jan., 1893 {Nuttall, 828).
F. RIMOSUS Berk.

On dead Robinia Psendacacia, Monongalia Co., near Mor-
gantown (Millspaugh). On same sp and on Oak? alt.
2,000 ft.. March 21. 1893 {Nuttall, 914).

138 Till': WKST VIRGINIA FLORA

F. ROSEUS (Alb. & Schw.) Cooke. (F. cariieus of Flora.)

On Tsiiga, Preston: near Cranesville; on Picca rubens.
Pocahontas : Cranberry Glades ; on living Peach tree, Monon-
galia : near Washington (Sheldon). On dead, decorticated
Picea Mariana, Tucker Co., near Falls of P)lackwater {Mills-
paugJi). On Pinus Virginiana, March, 1893 {Xuttall, 865).

POLYSTICTUS Fr.

P. PERGAMENUS Fr.

On dry exposed oak railroad tie, Monongalia Co.. near
Morgantown (Millspangh). On various dead trees, Feb.
17, 1^893 (Nut tall, 847).
P. ciNNABARiNus (Jacq.) Fr.

On dead limbs of cultivated Priiiius, Monongalia Co.,
near Morgantown (Aiillspaugh). On various dead decidu-
ous trees, Jan. 31, 1893 (Niittall, 829). Randolph: on Be-
tula lenta near Pickens (//. H. Smith, 1848).
P. ABIETINUS Fr.

On fallen Tsuga Canadensis, Grant Co., near Bayard
{ Mills paugh). On Pinus Virginiana, March 4, 1894
{Nuttall, 1420, 390).

CORIOLUS Quel.

C. PUBESCENS (Schum.) Murrill. (Polyporns ptibescens Fr.).
On dead Betida sp. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall,
1673). C)n Fagus, Upshur: near French Creek, and ]\Ionon-
galia : near Morgantown (Sheldon).
C. ABIETINUS (Dicks.) Quel.

On Picea rubens, Pocahontas : Cranberry Glades ; on

Tsuga, Monongalia : near Cooper's Rock and Lick Run

(Sheldon).

C. VERSICOLOR (L.) Quel. (Polystictus versicolor Fr.).

On Juglans nigra and on Betida, Monongalia : near ?\lor-

gantown ; on Betida, Pocahontas : at Cranberry Glades and

Preston: near Albright (Sheldon); on decorticated stump

Picea Mariana, Tucker Co., near Falls of Rlackwater.

Under bark of log Quercus alba, Monongalia Co., near

Morgantown (Millspaugh). On various dead trees, Feb.,

1893 (Nuttall, 834). Randolph: near Pickens on Betula

(H. H. Smith, 1850).

C. PROLiFiCANS (Fries) Murrill. (Polyporns proJiftcaiis Fv.).

On Betula, Pocahontas : at Cranberry Glades, on Quercus,

near Seebert ; on Fagus, Preston: near Albright; on Prunus

Americana, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).

C. NiGROMARGiNATUS (Schw.) IMurrill. (Polystictus hirsntus Ft.).

On Liriodendron, Monongalia : near Oliver; on dead wood

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I39

Pocahontas : Cranberry Glades ; on Betula, Monongalia : near
Lick Run (Sheldon) ; on dead twig cultivated Pyrus Mains,
Monongalia Co., near Morgantown. On dead Betnia Intea,
and on log Liriodendron Tidipifcra. A form with white
spores, on roots fallen Betula lenta, Grant Co., near Bayard
{Millspaugh). On Fagus atropnnicca, Keeney's Creek,
Oct. 20, 1893 {Nuttall, 1211).

CORIOLELLUS Murrill.

C. Sepium (Berk.) Murrill. {Tramctes Sepiuin Berk.).

On dry railroad ties, Monongalia : near Morgantown

(Millspaiigh), on Jnglans nigra {Sheldon). Resupinate form

on dead oak beams over a boiler, Fayette : near Nuttallburg

{N Hit all, 1300).

MUCRONOPORUS E. & E.

M. EVERHARTII E. & Gall.

On Ulniiis piihcscens, Nov. 6, 1893 {^^^tiall, 1598).
M. GiLvus (Sz.) E. & E.

On Castanea dentata, July 20, 1894 (Nvttall. 1169, 558).
M. FERRUGiNOSus (Schrad.) E. & E.

On Jnglans einerea, Aug. 29, 1893 (Xtittoll, 1183).

PORTA Pers.

P. VULGARIS Fr.

On various dead limbs, Feb. 2 and Nov. 20, 1893 i^'^utt
all. 833). A nodular form on oak ties, Nov. 5. 1894 (Nutt-
all).
P. OBDUCENS Pers.

On underside of dead log, Feb. 8, 1893 {Nuttall, I2gy,
246). ^ ,

P. NIGRA Berk.

On side and beneath dead Hicoria? log. Efifused, long
and narrow, perennial (Nuttall, 1268).

P. TOMENTO-CINCTA B. & R.

Effused on bark underside of log Betnia lenta, 60 x 30 cm
One layer taken off on Sept. 16, the same surface of the
bark was found to be again covered with the species on
Oct. 5, 1895. {Nuttall. 1865, 752). On Magnolia Fraseri,
Nov., 1895.
P. VAPORARIA Fr.

On Prunus serotina, Dec. 8, 1893 {Nuttall, 1295, 244).

P. TULIPIFERAE Schw.

On Liriodendron Tulipifera. April 13, 1893 (Nnttall,
893).

140 THE WEST VIRGINIA ELORA

P. Xantiia Fr.

On Piniis Virginiana, March 21, 1893 (Nitttall, 913).
P. micans (Ehrenb.) Fr.

On burned log, Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft., Nov. 24, 1893
(Nitttall, 1277, 223).
P. corticola Fr.

Underside of young dead Liriodciidron Tulipifcra, dif-
fused through clefts of bark, incrusting other polypori, etc.
Alt. 925 ft., "Nov. 20, 1893 (Nuttall, 1280).
P. siNuosA Fr. ?

Appears to be between this and Irpcx obliqims, preferably
this (E. & E.). On Kalmia latifolia, Short Creek, alt.
1,800 ft., Aug. 12, 1893 {Nuttall, 1166, 138).

P, FARINELLxV Fr.

On dead log, Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft., Sept. 12, 1893
{Nuttall, 1204, 160).

TRAMETES Fr.
T. Ohioensis Berk.

On dead standing sapling. Short Creek, alt. 1.800 ft.,
April ^o, 1894 {Nuttall, 1467).
T. ROBiNiOPHiLA Murrill.

On wounds of Robinia pscudacacia, Monongalia : near
Morgantown (Sheldon).
T. MOLLIS Fr. ?

On drift wood, March, 1893 (undeveloped) (Nuttali

1597, 550).
T. odorata Wulf.

On dead limbs in a drain, July 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1628,
557). 0.zoni]tni auriconinui, Link., a curious tawny my-
celium, supposed to be intimately connected with this species,
was found here with this specimen.

DAEDALEA Pers.
D. confragosa (Bolt.) Pers.

On dead Cornus florida, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (A^utt-

all, 1774). On Betula, Monongalia: Lick Run, and on

Querciis near Star City ; on Betula, Pocahontas : Cranberry

Glades (Sheldon).

D. Aesculi (Schw.) Murrill. (D. ambigua Berk.).

On dead Acer, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 846).

CERRENA (Micheli) S. F. Gray.
C. unicolor (Bull.) Alurrill. (Daedalea unicolor Fr.).

On dead Hicoria ovata, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all, 247). Randolph : near Pickens, on Fagus (H. H. Smith,
1829).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I4I

MYRIADOPORUS Peck.
M. iNDURATUs Peck.

Top of decayed oak stump, Monongalia Co., near Mor-
gantown (Millspangh). Professor Peck remarks, in a letter,
on receipt of the specimens : "This is probably only an im-
perfect condition of Porta abdiiccns."

HEXAGONA Pollini.

H. ALVEOLARis (DC.) Murrill. {Favolus Enropaeus ¥r^.

On dead wood, Monongalia : on Dorseys Knob near Mor-

gantown {Sheldon). On dead branch, Feb. 12, 1894 {Nutt-

all, 1360). Spores 12.5 x 3 /^ somewhat curved, obliquely

apiculate. Feb. 17. 1895 (NitttaU, 1788).

GLOEOPORUS Mont.
G. coNCKOiDES Mont.

On oak chips. Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (Mills-
paugh). On decaying log, Monongalia: at Sabraton and
on Prunus serotina at Mona : on apple, Preston : at Albright,
and on dead wood, ^^'ayne : near Ceredo (Sheldon).

MERULIUS Hall.
M. TREMELLosus Schrad.

Under bark Oiiercus alba log, Monongalia Co., near Mor-
gantown (Millspangh). On Almis rugosa, Oct. 31, 1893
(Niittall, 1220).
M. RUBELLus Peck.

On dead Onercns alba. Short Creek. Nov. 9. 1893 (Nntt-
all, 1244).

Also found parasitic on Stcreiiin versicolor. In some
cases the hymenium simply covers the under surface of the
Stereum. In nearly all specimens observed it grows at the
base of the host to which it is at least partly adherent.
Largest pileus 5 x 5 cm., sometimes laterallv connected for
15 cm.
N. CoRiUM Fr.

On branches, April 2/. i8q^ (Nuttall, 1822, 699).
M. MOLLuscus Fr.

On dead limb Tsnga Canadensis, Short Creek, alt 1.800
ft., Feb. 8, 1894 (Nuttall. 1399).
M. AMBIGUUS Berk.

On dead Prunus serotina. Short Creek, alt. 97^ ft Ian
1894 (Nuttall, 1602). ■ '

M. LACHRYMANS (Jacq.) Fr.

On bottom of box in cellar, Feb. 14, 1894 (Nuttall \T.yq
341).

142 THE WKST \TRGINIA FLORA

M. PULVERULENTUS Fr.

Underside of old logs, Oct. 19, 1893. Spores orange col-
ored, nucleate, 10 x 6 /a {Nuttall, 1208).

POROTHELIUM Fr.

P. LACERUM Fr.

On dead trunk, Feb. 11, 1894 {Nuttall, 1381, 343).

SOLENIA Hoitm.
S. OCHRACEA Hoffm.

On dry dead log. Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft., Dec. 16,
1893 {Nuttall, 1327, 285).
S. viLLosA Pers.

On fallen dead limb of Quercus sp., Sept., 1895 {Nutt-
all, 1854, 741).

H Y D N A C E A E.

HYDNUM Linn.
H. REPANDUM Linn.

F'ayette : near Xuttallburg (Nuttall).

H. CINNABARINUM (Schw.) Fr.

Fayette : effused under bark of dry dead limb near Nutt-
allburg {Nuttall, 997).

HERICIUM Pers.
H. coRALLoiDES (Scop.) Pcrs. {H yd 1111111 coralloides Scop.).
Fayette : in decayed cleft on living Fagus near Nuttall-
burg {Nuttall, 845).
H. Erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. {Hydiiimi Erinaceiun Bull.).

Fayette : on top of dead log and in hollow of living Fagus
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 1752). On Robinia (Sheldon).
H. CROCEUM (Schw.) Banker. {Hydnuui croceum Fr.)

Fayette : effused in crevices of dead log near Short Creek
{Nuttall, 398, 1426).

STECCHERINUM S. F. Gray.

S. ADUSTUM (Schw.) Banker. (Hydnuni adustuni Schwein.).

Fayette : on dead limbs on the ground. Nuclei at first

cream colorefl gradually changing from perifery to center

through reddish purple to dark j^rown. Near Nuttallburg

(Nuttall, 863).

S. OCHRACEUM (Pcrs.) S. F. Gray. (Ilyduuui ochraceum Pers.)

L^nderside of dead log. Stcgonotis fusca found growing

on this species. Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 891).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 1 43

SARCODON Quelet.

S. IMBRICATUS (L. ) Karst. (Hydimm imbricatiim L.).

Fayette; in oak woods near Nutallburg {Nuttall, 988).

HYDNELLUM Karsten.

H. \ELUTiNUM (Fries.) Banker. (Hydnnin velutinum Fr.).

Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall, 880).
H. NuTTALLii Banker, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, 12:155 (1906).

Plant terrestrial, mesopodous, medium size ; pileus obconic,
deeply depressed to infundibuliform, somewhat round,
thickest at the center, thinning uniformly to the margin,
4 to 6 cm. wide, i cm. or less thick near the center ; surface
subeven, radiately subrugose or fibrillose when fresh, gray-
ish umber; margin thin, acute, coarsely plicate or fluted, de-
flexed, curled when dried, subfertile with short teeth; sub-
stance spongy-tomentose in upper half of pileus, thickest at
the center, umber, lower part of pileus harder more compact
darker of uniform thickness about i mm., continuous with
hard central core of stem; stem central, uneven, surrounded
below by bulbous mass of spongy tomentum, 0.5 cm. wide,
4 cm. long, bulbous base 1.5 cm. wide; teeth capillary more
or less decurrent, dark umber to black, 7 mm. or less long,
0.15 to 0.25 mm. wide, about 2 to i millimeter, longest teeth
about one-fourth of the distance from the stem to the mar-
gin ; spores apparently few, subtuberculate, subglobose,
brownish, 4 to 5 ^ wide.

The plant in structure is similar to H. velutinum, but very
distinct in the form of the pileus, in its subrugose not to-
mentose surface, and in the long capillary teeth.

Fayette: on ground beneath old decayed log, February 13,
1893, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 844). Reported in Mills-
paugh & Nuttall Flora as Hydnum sp.

TREAIELLODON Pers.

T. GELATINOSUM (Scop.) PcrS.

On dead Tsuga Canadensis Aug. 13, 1893 (Nuttall, 1148)

IRPEX Fr.
I. LACTEUS Fr.

On dead Rhus hirta, Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspaugh).
I. siNuosus Fr.

On dead sticks, Dec. 10, 1893 (Nuttall, 1309, 255).
I. oBLiouus (Schrad.) Fr. ?

On Magnolia Fraseri, Feb. 8. 1894 (Nuttall, 1385, 347).

144 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

RADULUM Fr.

R. ORBICULARE Fr.

On Carpiniis Caroliniana? Nov. 27, 1893 {Niittall, 1270),
R. Magnoliae B. & C.

On Magnolia Fraseri, Feb. 9, 1894, Short Creek, alt. 1,800
ft. {Niittall, 1352).

PHLEBIA Fr.

P. AJERISMOIDES Fr.

On mossy bark of dead log, Dec. i, 1893 {Nuttall, 1289).
On Magnolia Fraseri, Nov., 1895.
P. RADIATA Fr.

On Alnus riigosa, Oct. 31, 1893 {Nnttall, 1219).

GRANDINIA Fr.

G. GRANULOSA Fr.

On underside dead log. May 20, 1893 {Nnttall, 1304).
G. CRUSTOSA (Pers.) Fr.

On Rhododendron maximum, May 20, 1893. On Liqui-
darnhar Styraciflna, Oct. 2, 1894 {Nnttall, 909 ident. Massee).

ODONTIA Pers.

O. FARINACEA Fr.

Underside dead Tsuga Canadensis, Nov. 9, 1893, Short
Creek, alt. 1,300 ft. {Nuttall, 1245).

NEOKNEIFFIA Sacc.

N. SETiGERA (Fr.) (Kneiffia sefigeraFr'ws).

In interstices dead log, Dec, 1893 (Nuttall, 1290, 231).

THELEPHORACEAE.

THELEPHORA Ehrh.

T. SEBACEA Pers.

On stem of Aster sp., damp shadv woods. July 25, 1893
{Nuttall, II 20).
T. PEDICELLATA Schwcin.

On Ostrya Virginiana, Feb. 8, 1894 (Nuttall, 1370, 328).
On Crataegus, Greenbrier: near Durbin (Sheldon).

STEREUM Pers.
S. VERSICOLOR (Sw.) Fr.

On Oncrcus sp. and Betula lenta, March 7, 1893 (Nutt-
all, 856).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I4S

S. FASCIATUM Sz.

In dead stumps, alt. 2,000 ft., Alarch 8, 1893 (A-z/ffa//,
860).
S. VERSICOLOR z'ai'. (Peck).

On dry oak railroad ties, Monongalia Co., near ]\Iorgan-
town (M ills pail gh).
S. LOBATUM Fries.

On Fagus, Preston: near Albright; on Qucrcus alba.
Upshur: near French Creek (Sheldon).
S. PURPUREUM Pers.

On stump in pine woods {Liriodcndron?) Dec. 9, 1893
{Xuttall, 1 28 1, 391).
S. HIRSUTUM (W.) Fr.

On log, Nov. 24, 1893. Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft. {Nntt-
all, 1277, 224).

S. SANGUINOLENTUM (A. & S. ) Fr.

On Tsuga Canadensis, Feb. 8, 1894 (Xntfall, 1386, 251)
S. SULPHUR ATUM B. & Rav.

On log Qrierciis alba, ]\Ionongalia Co., near ]\[organtown
(]\rillspaugh).
S. FRUSTULosuM (Pcrs.) Fr.

On log Qiiercns sp., Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspaiis;h). On dead wood, March 7, 1893 {Niittall,

857).
S. PiNi Fr.

On Finns Virginiana, April 6, 1894 {Xuttall, 1469, 445).

S. OCHRACEO-FLAVUM Schw.

On small dead twigs, March 21, 1894 (Xnttall, 1416).
S. ALBO-BADiuM Schwcin.

On dead sticks and twigs of various trees. April 27, 1893
(Xuttall, 1269).
S. SERicEUM Schw.

On dead twig Befnla Icnta, Grant Co., near Bayard { Mills -
paugh). On Rhus copalliua, March 6, 1894 (Xuttall, 1419,

389)-
S. COMPLICATUM Fr.

On roots of overturned Betula Icnta, Grant Co., near
Bayard; on dry oak railroad ties, Monongalia Co.. near
Morgantown (Millspaugh). On dead trees and on Quer-
cus Prinus, Dec. 8, 1893 (Xuttall, 867, 235). On Fagus,
Preston: near Albright; on Abies or Tsuga, Pocahontas:
Cranberry Glades (Sheldon) .

S. VERSIFORME B. & C. ?

On'Castanea deiitata, Jan. 18, 1893 (A'uttall, 1347, 305).
S. TRISTE B. & C.

On Rhododendron nia.riniuni in thicket, alt. 1.800 ft.
Feb. 8, 1894 (Xuttall, 966, 350).

146 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

S. ACERiNUM Pers.

On living- tree trunks, March 7, 1893 (Nnttall, 858).

HYMENOCHAETE Lev.
H. RUBiGiNOSA (Schr.) Lev.

On dead log, March, 1893 {Nnttall, 911). On Rohinia
pseiidacacia, Monongalia: near Morgantown ; on Querciis
alba, Preston: near Terra Alta (Sheldon).

H. TABACINA (Sow.) Lcv.

On dead twigs, March, 1893 {Nuttall, 910) ; on Acer,
Pocahonta-s : Cranberry Glades {Sheldon).
H. CORRUGATA (Fr.) Lev.

On decorticated limb Bcinla Icnta, Grant Co., near Bay-
ard (MillspaugJi). On Magnolia Fraseri, Feb. 8, 1894.
Setae 38 x 7.5 ju, (Nuttall, 1364).
H. UNICOLOR B. & C. ?

On Bctula lenta, on dead Kalmia latifolia? July i, 1893
(Nuttall, nil, 96).

CORTICIUM Fr.

C. SALICINUM Fr.

On dead Sali.v nigra, March 15, 1894 (Nuttall, 1401).
C. Oakesii B. & C.

On living Ostrva Virs;inica, March 21, 1893 (Nuttall,
^77).

C. GLOBIFERUM E. & E.

Underside of dead log in deep laurel thicket. Short Creek,
March 25, 1893 (Nuttall, 940).
C. ARACHNOiDEUM Berk.

On dead damp twigs in dense pile, Jan. 18, 1894. Diffused
for 30 X 8 cm. Spores 4 to 5 x 2 to 3 /x. The species when
fresh has a wrinkled or crusted appearance looking very like
a INIerulius. but soon becomes flat and plane (NiittaU, 1344,

303)-
C. RADIOSUM Fr.

On dead trunk, partlv beneath loose bark. Short Creek,
May 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 965).
C. LEVE Pers.

On Hamamelis Virginica, Dec. 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1500).
C. ALBO-FLAVESCENS E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:170 (1896).

Type habitat : On bark of dead Tsuga Canadensis, Feb.
24, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1394).

At first orbicular, subpezizoid, i to 2 mm. diameter, be-
coming more irregular in shape and i cm. or more diameter,
lower stratum milk-white, consisting of loosely interwoven,
branching threads, and extending out beyond the pale-oliva-
ceous or yellowish, membranaceous hymenium so as to form

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I47

a thin sub-fimbriate, white margin. Spores abundant, glo-
bose, with a single large nucleus, 4 to 6 /x diameter, slightly
colored.

The hymenium has only a slight tinge of olive and is per-
haps better described as light-drab color.
C. LEPTALEUM E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., i 1170 (1896).

Type habitat: On underside dead sapling Magnolia
Frascri, alt. 1,800 ft. April 11, 1895 (Nuttall, discov. 1803,
690).

Thin, closely adnate, grayish-white, pulverulent, soon
cracking into areas 2 to 3 mm. across, with margins incurved
so as to resemble the shallow cups of some Peziza. Spores
oblong, hyaline, continuous, 10 to 12 x 4 /x, borne on cyl-
indrical basidia 30 to 40 x 6 fx, with two stout sporophores.
There are also other smaller (immature) ? sporidia, globose
(4 to 6 /x) or elliptical, 5 to 7 x 3 to 3.5 fx. The membrane
on which the hymenium stands where exposed on the in-
curved margin of the pezizoid areas is pale brown.
C. Petersii B. & C.

On Betula sp. and Vitis sp., March 21, 1893 {Nuttall, 912).

C. COLLICULOSUM B. & C.

On dead logs in laurel thicket, Short Creek, Mav, 1893
{Nuttall, 1088).
C. prasinum B. & C.

On dead, burned log, Feb. 2, 1894 {Nuttall, 1382, 344).

C. LILACINO-FUSCUM B. & C.

On dead limb Hicoria sp.. Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft.,
March 5, 1894 {Nuttall, 1403).
C. ochraceum Fr.

On underside dead log Tsuga .Canadensis, May 8, 1893
{Nuttall, 931).
C. INCARNATUM (Pers.) Fr.

On underside dead log and on Uhnns piihescens, April
18, 1893 {Nuttall, 923).
C. LiLAciNUM Schroet.

On firm wood of dead log, March 6, 1894, Short Creek.
alt. 1,800 ft. {Nuttall, 1427, 399).
C. SUBGIGANTEUM Berk.

On Hicoria ovata, Dec. 14, 1893. Spores 16 x 5 /x {Nutt-
all, 1312, 262).

C. MARTIANUM B. & C.

On underside of wet log, Dec. 16. 1893. When fresh, this
species is the color of fresh blood. Short Creek, alt. 1,800
ft. (A'w^^a//, 1324, 281).

C. SCUTELLARE B. & C.

On Magnolia Fraseri, Sanibucus Canadensis and Piniis
J^irginiana, Aug. 18. 1893 {Nuttall, 1176, 144).

148 Till': \Vi:ST \IUGIX1A FLORA

ASTEROSTOMA Massee.
A. coRTicoLUM Massee.

On wild vine Vitis sp., in pine woods, alt. 2,000 ft., Feb.
1893 (Niittall, 1000).
A. CERVicoLOR (B. & C.) Massee.

On bark of living- Qucrcus sp., Short Creek, alt. t,8oo
ft. (Niittall, 1325, 282).

PENIOPHORA Cooke.

P. ouERciNA (Fr.) Cooke.

On Castanea dcntata, Jan. 18, 1893 (NuttaU, 1346, 305)
P. ciNEREA (Fr.) Cooke.

On dead limb, March, 1893 (NuttaU, 945, 170).

CONIOPHORA DC.

C. ■ sp.

Near C. snbuicnihranacca, (B. & Br.). On Zea Mays,
Aug-. 10, 1895 (NuttaU, 1846, 737).
C. OLivACEA (Fr.) Karst.

In dark place underside old railroad ties, Nov. 5, 1894
(NuttaU, 1750, 631).

EXOBASIDIUM Woron.

E. Rhododendri Cram.

Forming "cups" near the tips or margins of living leaves
of Rhododendron, maximum. Common in Grant and Tucker
Counties. I understand from Prof. Peck that this is his
first knowledge of the occurrence of this species in North
America ( MiUspaiigh ) .

CLAVARIACEAE.

CLAVARIA Vaill.
C. amethystina Bull.

On ground, June 20, 1893 (NuttaU, 993).
C. pyxidata Pers.

On rotten log:, June 10, 1893 (NuttaU, 975).
C. FORMOSA Pers.

On ground in laurel thicket, and deep woods, alt. 2,ooct
ft., July 9, 1893. Spores 12.5 x S 1^ (NuttaU, 1085).
C. FLACCIDA Fr.

,On leaf mold, in deep woods. Grant Co., near Bayard
(MiUspaugh).
C. FUSTFORMis Sowcrb.

On low ground in open woods, alt. 2,000 ft., Julv 9, 1893
(NuttaU, 1086).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I49

C. JUNCEA Fr.

On leaf mold in bottom of dead hollow stump. Oct.
28, 1893 {Nuttall, 1232, 179).
C. MuciDA Pers.

On upper side dead wet logs, Oct. 20, 1893 {Nuttall,
1231, 178).

CALOCERA Fr.
C. viscosA (Pers.) Fr.

On bark of Magnolia Fraseri, Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft.,
Feb. 8, 1894. Spores 12.5 x 4 /u {Nuttall, 1387, 354).

LACHNOCLADIUM Lev.

L. SEMIVESTITUM B. & C.

On dead wet limbs, alt. 1,800 ft., Sept. 18, 1895. Three
to five inches high {Nuttall, 1867, 753).

AURICULARIA Bull.
A. Auricula (L.) Underw. {Hirneola Auriciila-Judae Berk.).
On damp sticks, June 15, 1893, Short Creek {Nuttall,

993)-

EXIDIA Fr.
E. GLANDULOSA (Bull) Fr.

On bark Juglaiis cincrca, alt. 2,000 ft., Feb. 20, 1893
{Nuttall, 946).
E. ALBA (Huds.) Bref.

On dead log, June 2t,, 1893 {Nuttall, 999).

ULOCOLLA Bref.
U. FOLiACEA (Pers.) Bref.

On dead twig, Nov. 10, 1893. Spores + 12.5 x 6 to 7 ,u
{Nuttall, 1281).

CRATEROCOLLA Brefeld.
{Ombrophila Quel.)
C. CLAvus (Cke.)

On decaying leaves and wood (Sheldon, 2979).

TREMELLA Dill.

T. FRONDOSA Fr.

On Rhododendron ina.viniiini, Dec. 16, 1893 {Nuttall,
1321).

T. AURANTIA Fr.

On bark Pinus Virginiana, alt. 2,000 ft., ]\Iarch 20, 1893
{Nuttall, 947).

T. INTUMESCENS Sm. ?

On dead limbs Hieoria sp., Short Creek, Dec. 16, 1893.
Spores 10 to 13 X 3 to 4 ix, curved {Nuttall, 1332).

150 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

T. viRENS Schwein.

On dead branch Cornus florida, Aug-. 17, 1893 (Nuttall,
1 1 55). Spores mostly 7 x 5 jn or round 7 /x diameter.

NAEMATELIA Fr.
N. NUCLEATA (Schw.) Fr.

On Aralia spiiwsa, alt. 1,300 ft., Aug. 18, 1893 (^'nttall^
1 174, 142). On Magnolia Frascri.

DACRYOMYCES Nees.

D. sp.

Of this form Mr. J. B. Ellis says : "It seems to be a
Dacryomyces. I find the same thing here at Newfield, N. J.,
but have never been able to decide upon it, and though I have
sent it to various European mycologists, I have never re-
ceived a definite opinion from them." The form occurs on
oak limbs on ground, Dec. 1893 ; is of a bright orange-red
color, with curved spores 7.5 to 10 x 4 /x {Nuttall, 1271,
217.)

D. DELIQUESCENS ( Bull. ) Dub.

On underside d,ead rotten limb Pimis Strobus, Dec. 13,
1894 (Nuttall, 1770).
D. Syringae (Schum.) ?

On dead limbs of Platanus occidentalis, Nov. 10, 1895
{Nuttall, 1889).

D. STELLATUS NcCS.

On clean dead wood Tsuga Canadensis, Dec. 20, 1893
(Nuttall, 1331).
D. CORTICIOIDES Ell.

On decayed Tsuga Canadensis, Short Creek, alt. 1,750 ft.,
Dec. 16, 1893. Lemon yellow .25 cm. to 3.5 x 1.5 cm.
Spores hyaline, nucleate 9 to 12.5 x 5 to 7 /u, obliquely apicu-
late at one end (Nuttall, 13 16, 271).
D. MINOR Peck?

On Kalmia latifolia, Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft., March,
1894. Spores 10 to 12 x 4 /x (Nuttall, 1532).

GUEPINIA Fr.
G. SPATHULARIA (Schw.) Fr.

On Quercus sp., Jan. i, 1894. Spores uniseptate 10 x 4 .u
(Nuttall, 1782).

HOROMYCES Bon.
H. FRAGiFORMis Cookc. HypsUophora fragiforuiis (Fr.) Lev.
On bark dead Fagus atropunicea, Grant Co., near Bayard
(Millspaugh). On dead wood, Mav 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 963.)

Lichenes.

U S N A C E AE .

RAMALINA Ach.

R. RiGiDA (Pers.) Tuck.

On trees, alt. 2,000 ft. {Nuttall, 1060).

R. CALCICARIS FASTIGIATA Fr.

On trees, alt. 2.000 ft. (Nuttall, 869).
R. MINIUSCULA Nyl.

On Acer sacchariiiniii, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall, 1696).

CETRARIA Ach.
C. ciLiARis (Ach.) Tuck.

On Pinus Virginiana, alt. 1,800 ft. (Nuttall, 861).
C. LACUNOSA Ach.

On Pinus Virginiana, alt. 1,800 ft. (Nuttall, 1053).

C. AURESCENS Tuck.

On Rhododendron niaxiniuni, alt. 1,850 ft. (Nuttall, 1050).
C. ISLANDICA (L.) Ach. Reindeer Moss.

High barren places, Wood: near Nicollet (H. H. Smith).
C. Oakesiana .spinulosa Merrill ined.

On Picca riibcns (Sheldon, 3699), and on Kalniia latifolia
(3661).

USNEA Ach.

U. B AREATA (L.) Fr.

Wirt Co., on old trees, common. Burning Springs. Ran-
dolph Co., on Rhododendron maximum, common. Cheat
Bridge. Mercer Co., on oak twigs, Bluefield ; and elsewhere
about State, common on trees, rocks and old fence rails
(Millspaugh). On trees, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall, 819).

U. BARBATA FLORIDA Fr.

Mercer Co., on oak chips and twigs among dead leaves at
Bluefield (Millspaugh). On trees, alt. 2.000 ft. (Nuttall,
859)-

U. TRICHODES Ach.

On spruce (Sheldon, 3693)..

THELOSCHISTES Norm.
T. PARiETiNUS (Linn) Norm.

On Robinia Pscudacacia. alt. 2.000 ft. (Nuttall, 1145).-

152 THE WRST NIRCHNIA FLORA

T. CONCOLOR (Dicks.) Tuck.

On Robiiiia Pscndacacia, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall, 1144).
T. CONCOLOR EFFUSA Tuckcrm.

Summers: near Lowell (Pollard & Maxon, 150).

EVERNIA Ach.
E. FURFURACEA (L.) Mann.

On rock; on trunks of trees {Sheldon, 2486, 1544, 3861).

P A R M E L I A C E AE.

PARMELIA Ach.

P. PERLATA (Linn.) Ach.

On Acer rubnim, and on sandstone boulders (Nuttall,
848).
P. BoRRERi Turn.

On Oak, alt. 1,850 ft. (Nuttall, 1032).

P. BORRERI RUDECTA Tuck.

On Robinia Pseudacacia, Monongalia Co., along Falling
Run (Mills paugh, 1531).
P. coLPODES (Ach.) Nyl.

On Oak, alt. 1,850 ft. (Nuttall, 1141).
P. OLIVACEA (L.) Ach.

On Liriodendron log newly felled, Monongalia Co.. Falling
Run (Millspaugh, 1343).

P. CAPERATA (L.) Ach.

Monongalia Co., on sandstone rocks, and base of Beech,
Falling Run { Millspaugh, 1283).

P. CETRATA Ach. ?

Sterile, but probably referable to this species. Summers'
near Lowell (Pollard & Maxon, 146).
P. TiLiACEA (Hoffm.) Elk.

Summers: near Lowell (Pollard & Maxon, 151).
P. piiysoDES (L.) Ach.

On the bark of various trees (Sheldon, 1532, 3456, 3663,
3668) ; on roof of shed, (3056).
P. coNSPERSA (Ehrh.) Ach.

On a rock (Sheldon, 2160).
P. 0Li\'ARTA (Ach.) Hue.

On rock (Sheldon, 3344).

P. EXASPERATA (Ach.) DcNot.

On bark of Pruuus serotina (Sheldon, 3735).
P. RUDECTA Ach.

On bark of Red Oak (Sheldon, 3946).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 1 53

PHYSCIACEAE.
PYXINE Nyl.

P. SOREDIATA Fr.

On trunk of Ash {Slicldo>i, 3690).

PHYSCIA DC.
P. LUCOMELA (L.) Michx.

Mercer Co., with moss on wet Hmestone ledge, Beaver
Spring (Millspaugh, 1539).
P. ciLiARis (Linn.) DC.

On mossy sandstone rocks {Nutiall, 1063).
P. CILIARIS CRiNALis Schjer.

On moss, ah. 1,850 ft. [Nut tall, 1042).
P. AQUiLA (Ach.) Nyl.

On rocks and on moss (Nuttall, 1035).
P. STELLARis (Linn.) Tuck.

On standstone rock {Nuttall, 872).

P. STELLARIS AIPOLIA Nyl.

On sandstone rock (Nuttall, 1778).
P. LEUCOMELAENA (L.) Wain.

On bark (Sheldon, 3701).
P. sPECiosA (Wulf.) Nyl.

On a tree trunk with mosses (Sheldon, 3696).
P. COMOSA (Eschw.) Nyl.

On Red Cedar twigs (Sheldon, 2722).

U M B I L I C A R I A C AE.

UMBILICARIA Hoffm.
U. DiLLENii Tuck.

On sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 823).
U. Pennsylvanica Hoffm.

On sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 849).
U. PUSTULATA (Linn.) Hoffm.

On faces of sandstone cliffs (Nuttall, 855).
U. PAPULOSA (L.) Hoffm.

On rock (Sheldon, 2491).
U. Muhlenbergii (L.) Hoffm.

On rocks at the summit of White Top Mountain (Sheldon,
2480).

P E L T I G E R A C E AE.

LOBARIA Hue.
L. AMPLissiMA (Scop.) Am.

On trunks of various trees (Sheldon, 1300, 2470, 3451,
3702, 3963).

154 tiil: wiisr \ikgima flora

STICTA Schreb.

S. CROCATA (L.) Acll.

On bark {Sheldon, 3709).

S. HERBACEA (Huds.) Ach.

McDowell Co., on oaks, Elkhorn {Millspaitgh) .
S. EROSA (Eschw.) Tuck.

On trees, alt. 1,850 ft. {Nutfall, 982).

S. PULMONARIA (L.) Ach.

Wirt Co., on trunks of oaks, near Burning- Springs (Mills-
paugh, 327). On trees, alt. 1,875 ft. (Nnttall, 824).
S. QUERCizANS (Michx.) Ach.

On trees and rocks {Nuttall, 1057).

PELTIGERA Willd.

P. POLYDACTYLA (Ncck.) Hoffm.

On soil (Sheldon, 649, 1150, 1455, 1543, 2578).
P. APHTHCSA (K.) Hofifm.

Monongalia Co., on rock ledge, near Cassville (Mills-
paitgh). On rocks among mosses, alt. 1,800 ft. (Nuttall,
1090).
P. sp. nan fruct.

On Rhododendron maximum (Nuttall, 938).
P. HORizoNTALis (Linn.) Hoffm.

On rocks among mosses, alt. 1,875 ^^- (Nuttall, 1091).
P. CANiNA (Linn.) Hofifm.

On earth, rocks and trees (Nuttall, 1061.)

NEPHROMA Ach.
N. Helveticum Ach.

On rocks (Sheldon, 2721, 2991, 4067).

P A N N A R I A C E AE.

PANNARIA Delis.
P. RUBiGiNOSA (Thunb.) Delis.

On mossy logs (Nuttall, 1055).

P. LEUCOSTICTA Tuck.

On mossy logs and rocks (Nuttall, 1064).
P. NIGRA (Hud'^3.) Nyl.

On sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 1077).

C O L L E M A C E AE.

PHYSMA Zahlbr.
P. LURiDUM Mont.

On bark (Sheldon, 3685, 3698).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 155

COLLEMA Hoffm.

C. MYOCHROUM Nyl.

On Rhododendron iiia.viniuiii, alt. 1,875 ^t. (Nitttall, 1058)

C. FLACCIDUM Ach.

On a ledge (Sheldon, 3398).

LEPTOGIUAI Fr.
L. PULCHELLUM (Acli.) Nyl.

On oak (Nuttall, 1067).
L. TREMELLoiDES (Linn, f.) Fr,

On sandstone rock (Nuttall, 1093).

L. CHLOROMELUM STELLANS Tuck.

On Quercus coccinea. alt. 2,400 ft. (Nuttall, 1146).
LECANORACEAE.

PLACODIUM DC.
P. ELEGANS (Link.) D.C.

On sandstone boulders at base of cliffs, alt. 1,800 ft. (Nutt-
all, 862).
P. CERiNUM (Hedw.) Naeg. & Hepp.

Monogalia Co., on bark of I'.eech, Falling- Run (Mills-
paugh, 1357). On Rohinia Pseudaeacia, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nutt-
all, 1030).

P. FERRUGINEUM (Huds.) Hepp.

On top of wet sandstone rock (Nuttall, 1092).

P. CAMPTIDIUM Tuck.

On trees (Nuttall, 1786).
P. RUPESTRE (Scop.) Br. & Rostr.

Fayette: near Quinnimont {Pollard & Mason, 155).

P. CINNABARINUM (Ach.) Aug.

On rock (Sheldon, 2288).

LECANORA Ach.

L. COARCTATA Ach.

On pieces of sandstone under drip of wet cliff', alt. 1,800 ft.
(Nuttall, 1780).
L. suBFUSCA (Linn.) Ach.

On trees and rocks (Nuttall, 1038).
L. ATRA (Huds.) Ach.

Monongalia Co., on bark Liriodendron log, newly felled,
Falling Run (Millspaugh, 1342). On flat exposed surface
sandstone rock, same locality (1287).
L. DEPLANANS Nyl., Bot. Gaz., 22:334, (1896).

Thallus glauco-cinerascens tenuis areolato-rimosus deter-
minatus; apothecia badio-rufescens (satis diluta) innata sub-

156 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

concaviuscula, latit. 0.5-0.7 mm ; spora ellipsoidea, lono^.
o. 015-16, crass. 0.009-1. 010 mm; epithecium inspersum. In
loto gelatina hymenialis fulvo-rubescens.

Videtur species e stirpe Lccanora ccrvina, spermatiis ellip-
soideis.

On rocks in bed of creek. Fayette: Short Creek, alt. 1,300
ft. (L. W. Nuttall coll. no 1126).
L. VARiA (Ehrh.) Nyl.

On trees {Nuttall, 1036).
L. FALLESCENS (Linn.) Schaer.

On trees and fence rails {Nuttall, 937).
L. TARTAREA (Linn.) Ach.

On sandstone rocks {Nuttall, 886).
L. CERViNA (Pers.) Nyl.

The light colored form on wet rocks ; the dark form on
dry rocks {Nuttall, 854).
L. PRiviGNxA (Ach.) Nyl.

On sandstone rocks {Nuttall, 1028).

L. MURALIS VERSICOLOR Fr.

On limestone rocks {Sheldon, 2654).
L. PALLIDA (Schreb.) Schser.

On bark {Sheldon, 3790).

RINODINA Mass.
R. OREiNA (Ach.) Mass.

On sandstone rocks at base of cliff, alt. 1,800 ft. [Nuttall,
952).
R. soPHODES (Ach.) Nyl.

On small sandstone rocks {Nuttall, 1072).

PERTUSARIA DC.
P. VELATA (Turn.) Nyl.

On Magnolia Fraseri and other trees {Nuttall, 1044).
P. MULTIPUNCTA (Tum.) Nyl.

On sandstone rocks in bed of creek {Nuttall, 1043).
P. LEiopLACA (Ach.) Schser.

On Oak {Nuttall, 1041).
P. PUSTULATA (Ach.) Nyl.

On trees {Nuttall, 853).

P. CORALLINA (L.) Fr.

Fayette: near Quinnimont {Pollard & Maxon, 140).

THELOTREMA Ach.
T. SUBTILE Tuck.

On trees {Nuttall, 1056).

WEST \-IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURN'EY 1^7

MYRIANGIUM Alont. & Berk.
A'l. DuRiAEi (Mont. & Berk.) Tuck.
On dead bush (Niittall, 1062).

C L A D O N I A C E AE.

EPHEBE E. Fr.
E. LANATA (L.) Wain. (E. piibcscriis Fr.).

On rocks in a rill (Sheldon, 3940).

CLADOMA Hofifm.

C. MITRULA Tuck.

Monongalia Co., on an old Beech log, Falling Run (Mills-
paugh, 1346).
C. CARiosA (Ach.) Spreng.

On earth, Fayette Co. (Xiitfali, 1066).
C. PYXIDATA (L.) Fr.

Monongalia Co., along Falling Run, on bare sandstone
rocks (Millspaugh, 1281) ; on moss in clay soil (Millspaiigh,
1285) ; on decayed log (Millspaiigh, 1338) ; base of Beech in
soil (Millspaugh, 1282) ; on earth (Nnttall, 1031).
C. FiMBRiATA (Liuu.) Fr.

On an old log, Fayette Co. (Nnttall, 1059).

C. FIMBRIATA TUBAEFORMIS Fr.

On an old log (Nnttall, 1059).
C. GRACILIS (L.) Nyl.

Monongalia Co., along Falling Run, on decayed log {Mills-
paugh, 1337; among mosses on clay soil (Millspaugh, 1286).

C. VERTICILLATA Hoffm.

On soil (Sheldon, 2464, 3027).
C. cocciFERA PLEUROTA (Fckl.) Schscr.

On a ledge (Sheldon, 4108).
C. DEFORAiis (L.) Hoffm.

On soil (Bowers, 2500).
C. POLYCARPA EPiPHY'LLA iMcrrill iued.

On a ledge (Sheldon, 4060).
C. STREPSiLis (Ach.) Wain.

On soil (Sheldon, 2427).
C. suBCARiosA (Nyl.) Wain.

On soil (Sheldon, 1298, 1299, 231 1, 2785, 1990).
C. SYL\-ATicA LAxiuscuLA Wain.

On soil (Sheldon, 3682).
C. TURGiDA (Ehrh.) Hoffm.

Growing with Polytrichuni commune (Sheldon, 1558).
C. UNCiALis (L.) Web.

On soil (Sheldon, 1231).

158 TlUi WEST \TRGTNIA FLORA

C. GRACILIS VERTICILLATA Fr.

On earth {Nuttall, 885).
C. SOBOLESCENS Nyl.

On earth (Nut tall, 839).
C. PAPiLLARiA (Ehrh.) Hoffm.

On earth (Nuttall, 1068).
C. DELicATA (Ehrh.) PL

On top of stump (Nuttall, 1065).
C. CAESPiTiciA (Pers.) Fl.

On sandstone rocks {Nuttall, 1075).

C. FURCATA RACEMOSA Floerk.

MonongaHa Co., large patches on ground under chestnuts,
at Dille's ; Mercer Co., same growth under oaks, near Beaver
Spring (Millspaitgh) on earth (Nuttall, 1045).

C. RANGIFERINA (L.), Hoffm.

Monongaha Co., on moss, Falling Run (Millspaugh,
1361) ; on earth, rocks and fence rails (Nuttall, 825).
C. MAciLENTA (Ehrh.) Hoffm.

On rotten logs (Nuttall, 1070).
C. PULCHELLA Schwein.

On dead wood (Nuttall, 838).

C. CRISTATELLA Tuck.

Monongalia Co., on an old decayed log, Falling Run
( Millspaugh, 1 336) .

C. SYLVESTRIS L.

On the mountain between Barrenshe Creek and Dry Fork,
McDowell Co.,. alt. 1,700 ft., Aug. 6, 1900 (Morris, 11 63).
C. SQUAMOSA (Scop.) Hoffm.

Fayette: near Ouinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 143). On
a ledge (Sheldon 4107), on a decaying log (2313, 3386), on
soil (2482, 3345, 351 1 ).

C. SQUAMOSA DENTICOLLIS (Hoffm.) Flk.

Fayette: near Ouinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 136).

L E C I D A C E AE.

BAEOMYCES Pers.
B. ROSEus Pers.

On ground (Nuttall, 873).

B. AERUGINOSUS (Scop.) DC.

Sheldon on rock (2.489), on decaying stump (2468), on
black spruce bark (2472).

BIATORA Fr.
B. RussuLA (Ach.) Mont.

On bark of tree (Nuttall, 1046).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 159

B. VARIANS (Ach.) Tuck.

On bark of tree (Nuttall, 978).
B. ULiGiNOSA (Schrad.) Fr.

On rotten stumps (Nuttall, 1054).

B. FULIGINOSA Ach.

On ground (Nuttall, 1089).
B. ScHWEiNiTZii Tuck.

On Rhododendron maximum {Nuttall, 1052).
B. RUBELLA (Ehrh.) Rab.

On mossy trunk of tree {Nuttall, 1029).
B. VERNALIS (L.) Fr.

Sheldon on Birch bark (2475), on Picea rubens (3741),
among mosses on a ledge (4059).
B. ATROGRiSEA (Deli.) Heff. ?

On bark of Magnolia acnmiiiata {Sheldon, 3754).
B. Laureri Hepp.

On bark of Beech {Sheldon, 2466).
B. RussELLii Tuck.

On limestone ledge {Sheldon, 2652).
B. HYPNOPHiLA Turn.

On moss {Sheldon, 3962).
B. GRANULOSA (Ehrh.) Poetsch.

On soil {Sheldon, 2579).

B. INUNDATA Fr.

On sandstone rock {Nuttall, 1074).

B. suFFUSA Fr.

On bark of tree { Nuttall, 1095).

COENOGONIUM Ehrbg.

C. INTERPOSITUM Nyl.

Growing with thallus of Cladonia. Fayette : near Quinni-
mont {Pollard & Maxon, 141, sterile.)

LECIDEA Ach.

L. Tennesseensis Nyl.

On sandstone rock (Nuttall, 1073).

L. FULIGINEA Ach.

On upper side of dead log- (Nuttall, 1787).
L. NuTTALLii Calk & Nyl, Bot. Gaz., 22:334. (1896.)

Apothecia nigra parva ; epithecium impressum ; spora fusca
oviformis i-septata, long. o. 014-16, crass. 0.005-6 mm.; hy-
pothecium fuscum. In toto gelatina hymenialis vinose ru-
bescens.

l6o THE WEST \TRGIXIA FLORA

Super thallum Ricasolia sitblaez'is Nvl. Fayette : near
Nuttallbnrg (L. IV. Nuttall coll. no. 1781).
L. ViRGiNiENSis Calk. & Nyl., Bot. Gaz., 22:333, (1896).

Thallus glaucescens tenuis Irevigatus rimulosus citrino-
flavus ; apothecia fusca aut nigra convexiuscula immarginata
latit. circ. 0.5 mm., intus medio sordida ; spora oblonga in-
coloris, long. 0.009-0.012, crass. 0.004-6 mm.; epithecium et
pars media hypothecii dilute fuscescens. In toto gelatina
hymenialis coerulescens, dein theca vinose rubescens.

E stirpe videtur Lccidca saiit^iiinco-afra, prope Lccidcam
dclincatani Nyl.

On sandstone rock under the drip of a wet cliff. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg (L. W. Nuttall coll. no. 1779).
L. ERICINA Nyl.

Bark of trees {Nuttall, 1047).

L. PLATYCARPA STERIZA (Ach.) Nyl.

On a rock (Sheldon, 4030).
L. SPEIREA Ach.

Fayette: near Ouinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 134).
L. ALBOCOERULESCENS (Wulf.) Schjer.

Fayette: near Ouinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 138).

L. CRUSTULATA Ach.

On stones (Sheldon, 4058).

BUELLIA DeNot.

B. MYRiocARPA (DC.) Mudd.

On bark of trees (Nuttall, 1185).

B. PETRAEA (Fl.) Tuck.

On sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 1071).
B. COLLUDENS Nyl.

On sandstone (Shcldou, 2289).

G R A P H I D A C E AE.

OPEGRAPHA Humb.

O. VARiA (Pers.) Fr.

Bark of trees (Nuttall, 1034).
O. ATRA Pers.

Bark of trees (Nuttall, 1033).
O. MiNUTULA Merrill ined.

On sandstone ledge (SJieldou, 39S7).

WEST X'IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY l6l

GRAPHIS Ach.

G. scRiPTA (Linn.) Ach.

On bark of trees (Nut tall, 1051).
G. SCRIPTA RECTA Schser.

On bark of Bctiila intra and of B. Icnta (Niittall, 1026).
G. ELEGANS (Sm.) Ach.

On bark of trees, Fayette Co. {Nnttall, 1039).

G. DENDRITICA Ach.

On bark of Bctii'ia Icnta, etc. (Xnttall, 1037).
ARTHONIA Ach. ■

A. CINNABARINA Wahr.

Bark of tree (NttttaU, 939).
A. ALEUROMELA NvL, Bot. Gaz., 22:334. (1896.)

Thalkis albus subfarinaceus chrysogonidicus tenuissimus ;
apothecia subrotundata vel oblonga, prominula. latit. 0.4-0.5
mm.; spora oblongo-oviformis parte inferiore attenuata,
i-septata, long, o.oio-ii, crass. 0.003 "'"^''- ^^^ ^^to gelatina
hymeniahs coerulescens, dein obscurata.

Thalkis detritus subaureus, CaCl vix reagens. Gonidia
chroolepoidea fulvescentia.

On bark of Qncrcns sp. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt.
2,000 ft. (L. W. Nnttall, coll. no. 1182).
A. DiSPERSA (Schrad.) Nyl.

On bark of young Tsnga Canadensis, etc. (Nnttall, 1142).

A. ASTROIDEA Ach.

On bark of Liriodcndron Tnlipifcra (Nnttall, 1816).

A. FUNCTIFORMIS Ach.

On bark (Nnttall 1076).
A. TAEDiosA (Nyl.) Fr.

On bark '(Nnttall, 1069).

A. SPECTABILIS Fl.

On bark (Nnttall, 1025).

AGYRIUM Fr.

A. RUFUM (Pers.) Fr.

On smooth dead wood (Nnttall, 1814).

C A L I CI A C E AE.

CALICIUM Pers.
C. SUBTILE Fr.

On sticks, dead leaves, etc., under cliff (N^nttall, 1226).
C. TiGiLLARE (B. & Br.) Sacc.

On Pnlyporns pcrganicnns. Aug. 2^,, 1893 (Nnttall, 1159).

l62 THE W1':ST \1KGINIA FLORA

V E R R U C A R I A C E AE.

VERRUCARIA Th. Fr.
V. FUSCELLA (Turn.) Ach.

Summers: near Lowell (Pollard & Maxon, 154).

ENDOCARPON Hedw.
E. MiNiATUM (Linn.) Schser.

On wet cliffs {Nuttall, 1049).

E. MINIATUM MUHGLENBERGII Schaer.

On rocks {Sheldon, 1595).
E. MINIATUM coMPLicATUM vSchser.
On wet cliffs {Nuttall, 1823).

TRYPETHELIACE AE.

TRYPETHELIUM Spreng.
T. VTRENS Tuck.

On Ilex opaca {Nuttall, 1040).

T. EXOCANTIIUM' Tuck.

On Fagus atropxinicca {Nnitall, 1181).
P Y R E N U L A C E AE.
PYRENULA Ach.

P. RHYPONTA Ach.

On bark of Hamauiclis Virginica {Nuttall, 1184).
P. NITIDA Ach.

On Betula lenta bark {Nuttall, 1027).

P. PACFIYCHEILA Tuck.

On bark of Fagus atropunicea {Nuttall, 1048).
P. FUNCTELLA (Nyl.) Williams. {Vcrrucaria punctclla Nyl).
Summers: near Lowell {Pollard & Maxon, 156).

P. GLABRATA (Ach.) MaSS.

On bark {Sheldon, 3791, not fully characteristic).

Hepaticae.

R I C C 1 A C E AE.

RICCIA Linn.
R. CANALicuLATA Hoffm. (RiccicUa Huitans A. Br.).

The sterile, water form (syn. above). Sandy soil along
edge of brook, Monongalia, near Ceredo, and on edge of
small pond, near Morgantown (Sheldon, 3897, 3928).

M A R C H A N T I A C E AE.

REBOULIA Raddi.

R. — — — sp. ?

A sterile specimen on earth and rock, Monongalia, near
Warntown (Sheldon, 3631).

CONOCEPHALUS Neck.
C. coNicus (Corda) Schififn. (Conocephaluin conicuni Dum.).
Monongalia : on ground and sandstone boulders in deep
woods at Tibbs Run (Millspaugh, 1672) ; on rocks beside a
stream near Randall, same situation north of Morgantown
and on University Campus below Falling Run (Sheldon,
177, 1308) ; also at Coopers Rock (Post, 1669).

LUNULARIA Adans.
L. CRUCiATA (L.) Dum.

In a greenhouse, Monongalia: at Morgantown (Sheldon.
2941).

MARCHANTIA (L.) Raddi.
M. FOLYMORPHA Linn.

In various situations, Monongalia : near Morgantown, be-
tween bricks of sidewalk (Millspaugh), on brick wall in
Experiment Station greenhouse (Sheldon, 537) ; among
damp mosses base of sandstone boulder, Tibbs Run (Mills-
paugh), on earth near the mouth of a coal mine at Richards
(Sheldon) . Preston: around the edge of a lime pile at Pis-
gah, on earth in spruce swamp near Cranesville (Sheldon,
1531, 1462). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette*
near Nuttallburg (Nuftall). Randolph: on ground in a
burned place at the summit of Point Mountain ; Grant : in a

164 THE WEST \TR(1IXIA ELORA

similar situation near Bayard ; Tucker : in a burning- near
Blackwater Falls (Millspaiigh).

J U N G E R M A N N I A G E A E.

(Anacrogyuac.)

RIGGARDIA S. F. Gray.

R. LATiFRONS Lindb.

Monongalia, a few plants growing witb Scapania ncmo-
rosa on the north side of a bank at Sabraton (Sheldon,
2302).
R. MULTiFiDA (L.) S. F. Gray. {Anciira iiiultiijda Dum.).

Grant: on wet bark and wet decorticated wood in a deep
wooded ravine near Bayard {Mills paugh, 2070).
R. piNGUis (L.) S. F. Gray.

Fayette: near Xuttallburg (XuttaU).

METZGERIA Raddi.

M. coNjUGATA Lindb.

McDowell: on bark of Beech, near Elkhorn (MUlspaugJi.
1513). Monongalia: on bark of twig near Morgantown
(Millspaugh, 1671), and at Tibbs Run (Andrezvs). Ran-
dolph : with mosses on tree trunks near Gheat Bridge (Shel-
don, 2531). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutfall).
M. CRASSiPiLis (Lindb.) Evans.

Pocahontas : on various tree trunks at Warntown, Seebert
and Granberry Glades (Slieldon, 3641, 3619, 3694).

PALLAVIGINTA (S. F. G.) Steph.

P. Lyellii (Hook.) S. F. Gray.

Preston : on earth and logs among mosses near Granes-
ville (Sheldon, 3484).

PELLIA Raddi.

P. EPiPHYLLA (L.) Gorda.

Randolph: on clay near a spring at Pickens (Millspaugh,
221 1 ), and between stones on a roadside near Gheat Briclge
(Sheldon, 2523). Monongalia: on earth and rocks near a
spring at Morgantown (Sheldon, 768, 1280).
P. Farroniana Raddi.

Wayne : on bank of small stream near Geredo (Shel-
don, 3899).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 165

FOSSOMBRONIA Raddi.
F. WoNDRACZECKii (Corda) Dum.

Monongalia: on earth near Morgantown {Sheldon, 2764,
3190. 3919)-

(Acrogynae.)

MARSUPELLA Dum.
M. EMARGiNATA (Ehrli.) Dum.

Randolph : on clay bank of a small spring at Pickens
{Millspaugh), Preston: at Masontown {Andrew's).

NARDIA S. F. Gray.
N. CRENULATA (Smith) Lindb.

Monongalia: at a springy place near Easton (Andre-cvis).
Randolph : growing with Pellia epiphylla at Cheat Bridge
(Sheldon).
N. CRENULiFOKMis (Aust.) Lindb.

Monongalia : a few specimens from rocks in Tibbs Run
(Andrezvs) .

SOLENOSTOMA Mitten.
S. LANCEOLATA (L.) Steph. { J linger uiamiia lanceolata L.).

Monongalia: on rocks in Tibbs Run (Andreics).

APLOZIA Dum.

A. AUTUMNALis (DC.) Schiffn. (Jainesoniella DC, Jnngerman-

nia Schraderi Mart).

Monongalia: at Tibbs Run {Andrews) . Randolph: on de-
caying logs near Cheat Bridge {Sheldon. 2517). Fayette:
near Quinnimont {Pollard & Maxon, 113).

JUNGERMANNIA Auth?
J. PUMILA With.

Greenbrier : on log in river at Durbin.

LOPHOZIA Dum.
L. Marchica (Nees.) Steph.

Monongalia : in a wet place on roadside near Easton ( An-
drezvs) .
L. VENTRicosA (Dicks.) Dum.

Alonongalia : on ledge near Coopers Rock {Sheldon. 3024).

BLEPHAROSTOMA Lindb.

B. TRICHOPHYLLUM ( L. ) Dum.

]\Ionongalia : on ground and sandstone boulder in deep
woods at Tibbs Run {Millspaugh, 1665, Andrezvs).

lC)6 THE WEST \IRGI-\IA FLORA

PLAGIOCHILA Dnni.

P. SuLLivANTii Gottsche.

Monongalia: on earth in vicinity of Quarry Run (.-i/i-
P. PORELLOiD^s Lindb.

Monongalia : on sandstone boulder in Tibbs Run, Grant,
in a deep ravine on wet stones and sand near Bayard (Mills-
paiigh, 1700, 2000, 2050, 2041).
P. viRGiNicA Evans, in Millsp. Prel. Cat. Flora, W. Va., 497

Growing in wide, depressed, and intricate tufts ; stems
ascending from a prostrate caudex, simple or sparingly
branched, sometimes geniculate and rooting at the joints,
otherwise eradiculose ; leaves contiguous or somewhat im-
bricated, widely patent, ovate or rhomboid-ovate, the dorsal
margin decurrent, slightly reflexed, entire, the ventral mar-
gin plane or reflexed at base, mostly entire, the apex broad,
rounded or truncate, sharply and irregularly spinulose ; am-
phigastria none.

Stems I to 3 cm. long, with the leaves i to 2 mm. wide ;
leaves 1.2 mm. long, 0.7 mm. wide; spines short, acute,
separated by rounded sinuses, varying in number from 2 to
3 on each leaf, usually 4 or 5 ; leaf-cells averaging 0.023
mm. in diameter in middle of leaf, thin-walled and scarcely
thickened at the angles.

Mercer : on walls of dry limestone cave, Beaver Spring'
( Millspaugh , 1550).

CHILOCYPHUS Corda.
C. PALLESCENS (Ehrh.) Dum.

Preston: near Albright, on decaying log {Sheldon, 3373).
C. POLYANTHUS (L.) Corda.

Pocahontas : on decaying leaves and grass in Cranberry
Glades (Sheldon, 3846); and Greenbrier: on decaying log
at Durbm (3766).

LOPHOCOLEA Dum.

L. BIDENTATA (L.) Dum.

Monongalia: on mossy rocks by Quarry Run (AndrcTcs).
L. HETEROPHYLLA (Schrad.) Dum.

^Tonongalia : on earth near Easton (Andrews), and at
Morgantown (Sheldon, 2846). Taylor: on rocks and earth
at Fettermann (Sheldon, 2535).
L. MINOR Nees.

Wayne: on rocks and earth near Ceredo (Sheldon, 3895).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 1 67

t

HARPANTHUS Nees.
H. scuTATUs (Web. & Mohr) Spruce.

Monong-alia : on ground and sandstone boulder in deep
woods at Tibbs Run, and Grant: on damp dead bark near
Bayard {Mills paugh, 1670; 2020, 2031).

SACCOGYNA Dum.

S. GRAVEOLENs (Schrad.) Lindb. {Gcocalyx gravcolcns Nees.)
Monongalia: on ground and sandstone boulders in deep
woods at Tibbs Run (Alillspaugh, 1667; Andrczv^s).

CEPHALOZIA Dum.

C. SERRIFLORA Liudb.

Monongalia: on rotten wood near Tibbs Run (Aiidrezvs)

C. LUNULAEFOLIA Dum.

Randolph: on decaying log at Cheat Bridge (Sheldon).
C. ViRGiNiANA Spruce.

Fayette: near Ouinnimont (Pollard & Ma.vou, 115a).
C. MULTiFLORA Spruce.

Monongalia: on ground and sandstone boulder in deep
woods at Tibbs Run, and on wet hemlock log ; Grant : near
Bayard {Millspangh, 1662, 2080).

NOWELLIA Mitt.
N. cuR\iFOLiA (Dicks.) Mitt. iCephalosia curvifolia Dum.).
r\Ionongalia : on sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs
Run, and Grant : on wet dead bark in deep woods near Bay-
ard {Millspangh, 1663, 2021). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
{Niittall); near Ouinnimont {Pollard & Maxon, 115).
Monongalia: on decaying wood at Tibbs Run {An'dretvs).
Upshur: on decaying log at French Creek, and in same
situation in Randolph: at Cheat Bridge {Sheldon 200=;,
2532).

SPHENOLOBUS Lindb.
S. EXSE^TUS Steph. {J linger mannia exsecta Schmid.).

Grant: on wet hendock log in deep wooded ravine {Mills-
paugh, 2012).
S. MicHAuxii (Web.) Steph.

Monongalia: on vertical rocks at Cheat \'iew {Andrczvs).
S. MiNUTUS (Crantz) Steph.

Monongalia : on ledge near Coopers Rock (Sheldon, 3023).

PRIONOLOBUS Spruce.
P. Hellerianus (Nees) Schiffn.

Pocahontas: on decaving log at Cranberrv Glades {Shel-
don, 3688).

1 68 THE WEST VIRGINIA ELORA

ODONTOSCHISMA Dum.

O. PROSTRATUM (Swartz) Trevis. (O. spliagiiiDum. in Flora).
Monongalia : among mosses on sandstone boulder in deep
woods at Tibbs Run {Millspaiigh, 1664; Andrcivs). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nutfall).
O. DENUDATUM (Mart.) Dum.

Monongalia : decaying stumps and logs by Tibbs Run
(Andrezirs) .

KANTIA S. F. Gray.

K. TRicHOMANis(L.)S. F. Gray. {Calypogcia tvichomanis Corda).
Tucker: on wet logs near Blackwater Falls {Millspaiigh,
993). Monongalia : on wet ground and on sandstone boulder
in deep woods at Tibbs Run {Millspaiigh, 1599, 1666), and
on earth near Morgantown {Sheldon, 2765). Randolph:
on damp sand near Pickens {Millspaiigh, 2207). Green-
brier: on earth at Fort Spring {Sheldon, 2728).

BAZZANIA S. F. Gray.

B. DEFLEXA (Mart.) Underwood.

Monongalia : on sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs
Run {Millspaiigh, 1661).

B. TRiLOBATA (L.) S. F. Gray.

Monongalia : on bole of tree and in wet depressions in
sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs Run {Millspaiigh,
1630, 1640; Sheldon, 630) ; and on rocks among mosses at
Dellslow (Sheldon, 2282). Grant: on wet Hemlock log near
Bayard {Millspaiigh, 2010). Fayette: in deep woods near
Nuttallburg {Niittall). Randolph: abundant on earth and
decaying logs at Cheat Bridge, and Preston : near Cranes-
ville {Sheldon, 2534, 1565).

B. TRIANGULARIS (Schl.) Liudb.

Monongalia : on rocks by a brook near Tibbs Run (An-
dreivs). Randolph: on decaying logs at Cheat Bridge
{Sheldon, 2518).

LEPIDOZIA Dum.
Iv. SYLVATiCA Evans.

Monongalia: on ground near Tibbs Run (Andrezvs).
L. REPTANS (L.) Dum.

Greenbrier : growing on earth near Durbin {Sheldon,
3788).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY i6q

HERBERTIA S. F. Gray.
H. ADUNCA (Dicks.) S. F. Gray.

Alonongalia : on sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs
Run (Mills patigh, 1659).

PTILIDIUAI Nees.
P. PULCHERRiAiuM (Web.) Hampe.

Preston: on decaying log near Cranesville; Monongalia:
on a fence rail near Morgantown, and Randolph: at Cheat
Bridge {Sheldon, 1536, 2830, 2515, 2520, 2521).

TRICHOCOLEA Dum.
T. TOMENTELLA (Ehrh.) Dum.

^IcDowell: on roots in a rill near Elkhorn (Millspaui^h,
1522a). Grant: on wet sand in a deep ravine near Bayard
(Millspaitgh, 2040). Monongalia: on rocks in Tibbs Run
(Andrezvs) .

DIPLOPHYLLUM Dum.
D. TAxiFOLiuM (Wahl.) Dum. {Diplophylkia ta.vifoliaTrey.).
Monongalia : on sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs
Run {J\I ills pail gh, 1669).

SCAPANT\ Dum.

S. NEMOROSA (L.) Dum.

Monongalia: on damp sandstone boulder in deep woods
at Tibbs Run (Millspaugh, 1668), and on north side of a
bank at Sabraton (Sheldon, 2318). Randolph: on clay near
a sprnig at Pickens ( Millspaugh, 2212), and on rocks in
a stream at Cheat Bridge (Sheldon, 2516). Grant: on wet
hemlocklog in deep woods near Bayard (Millspaugh, 2011).
Greenbrier: on rocks along stream at Fort Spring/ and on
limestone ledge at Durbin (Sheldon, 2726, 2526)

S. UNDULATA (L.) Dum.

Randolph: on clay at the marge of a spring at Pickens
(Millspaugh). Preston: on stones in a brook by the road-
side between Cranesville and Albright, and on stones in a
spring at Cranesville (Sheldon, i5i"2, 1524).

RADULA Nees.
R. Xalapensis Mont.

Mercer: on face of a limestone cliff at Beaver Sprino-
(Mills pa ugh, 1551).
R. tenax Lindb.

Monongalia : on sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs
Run (Millspaugh, 1657). Grant: on bark of living Cherrv
near Bayard (.Millspaugh, 2060).

I/O THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

STEPHANIA Kuntze.

S. coMPLANATA (L.) Kuntze. (Radida coiiiplanata Diim.).

Randolph: on tree trunk at Cheat Bridge {Sheldon, 2527).

BELLINCINIA Raddi.
B. PoRELLA (Dicks.) Kuntze. {Porclla piniiata Schw.)

Fayette: on rocks in the mist of a fall near Gauley Bridge
(Millspaugh, Soy).

B. PLATYPHYLLA ( L. ) Kuntzc. [Porella platyphylla Lindb.).

Monongalia : on bark of living apple tree at Morgantown :
on sandstone boulder in Tibbs Run ; on tree trunks and
decaying logs west of Morgantown (Millspaugh, 1291, 1292,
1658; (Sheldon, 1620). Mercer: on oak log at Bluefield and
on limestone ledge at Beaver Spring (Millspaugh, 1448,
1530). Upshur: at French Creek; Preston: at Cranesville,
Greenbrier: at Durbin; Randolph: at Cheat Bridge (Shel-
don, 2069, 1546, 2264, 2519).

COLOLEJEUNEA Spruce.

C. BiDDLECOMiAE (Aust.) Evaus.

Monongalia : on a ledge at Sturgisson, and Preston : on a
decaying log at Cranesville (Sheldon, 3282, 3426).

MICROLEJEUNEA Spruce.

M. LUCENS (Taylor) Evans.

Between McDowell and Tazewell : on dripping limestone
along Horsepen Creek (Morris, iii6b).

LEJEUNEA Lindb.
L. cAvi FOLIA (Ehrh.) Lindb.

Monongalia : a small form growing on rocks in Tibbs
Run (Andreivs).
L. cucuLLATA N. ab E.

Randolph: ad rupes madidas in jugo Cheat IN'Iountains
(Sullivant Musci. Allegh. 65).

CHEILOLEJEUNEA Spruce.
S. PHYLLOBOLA (Nccs & Mont.) Schiffu. ?

]\Ionongalia : on Sweet birch near Coopers Rock (Shel-
don, 3022).

HARPALEJEUNEA Spruce.
H. ovATA (Hook.) Schififn.

]\Ionongalia : on stone at edge of brook at Oliver ; on
trunk of Sycamore growing in Quarry Run (Sheldon, 2916,
3021).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I7I

JUBULA Dum.
J. Pennsylvanica (Steph.) Evans. {Jiihula HiitcJiiiisiae Siil-
livantii Spr.).

Monongalia : on sandstone boulder in Tibbs Run, and
McDowell: on rocks in stream at Elkhorn {Mills paugh,
1655, 1509)-

FRULLANIA Raddi.
F. Asa-Grayana Mont.

Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in Tibbs Run (Mills-
pangh, 1654). Randolph: clinging to face of dry sand-
stone boulder at Pickens; at Cheat P)ridge {Millspaiigh,
2206; Sheldon, 2524). Preston: rather common on trees
and rocks near Cranesville, and Monongalia : Lick Run ; also
in Greenbrier: at Durbin and Ronceverte {Sheldon, 1564,
1214, 2262, 1076).
F. souarrosa (R. B1. & N.) Dum.

Upshur: at French Creek {Sheldon, 2094). Monongalia:
on trees by Deckers Creek and west of Mor^antown {An-
drczus, Sheldon, 1259).
F. riparia Hampe.

Monongalia: on trunk of Sugar maple at Lick Run {Shel-
don, 2983).
F. PLANA Sulliv.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Ahtttall).

F. EBORACENSIS Gottschc.

Monongalia : on trees near Deckers Creek, ]Morgantown
(Andrezvs). Greenbrier: on tree trunks at Durbin {Shel-
don, 1074).
F. Brittonae Evans.

Monongalia : on trees near Cheat River by Ices Ferry,
and Preston: near Masontown (Andrezvs).

ARCHILEJEUNEA Spruce.
A. CALYPEATA (Schw.) Schiffu. {Lejeunea calypeata Schw.).
Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in Tibbs Run {Mills-
paiigh, 16^6). Fayette : near Nuttallburg (A^j/^fff//). Green-
brier : on rock and base of tree along a stream at Fort
Spring (Sheldon, 2720).

ANTHOCEROTACEAE.

NOTOTHYLAS Sulliv.
N. ORBICULARIS (Schw) Sulliv.

Monongalia : edge of small pond and stream near Mor-
gantown ; Marshall : banks of the Ohio River at Mounds-

172 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ville ; Wayne : edge of brook in sandy soil near Ceredo
{Sheldon, 3518, 3921, 3888, 3900).

ANTHOCEROS Syn. Hep.

A. LAEVIS L.

Monongalia : abundant along side of road and bank near
Morgantown. and Greenbrier : on rocks along stream at Fort
Spring {Sheldon, 67, 2725). Wvoming : on dripping lime-
stone, along the Guyandot River below Bailyville {Morris.
1221).
A. PUNCTATUS L.

Monongalia : in a gutter along a roadside in Morgantown
{Sheldon, 2577).

SPHAGNACEAE.

SPHAGNUM, L.

S. IMBRICATUM AFFINE (R. & C.) Wamst.

Monongalia : at Tibbs Run and at Lick Run ; Preston :
near Cranesville {Sheldon, 629, 3966, 1548).
S. Magellanicum Brid.

Preston: near Cranesville {Sheldon, 3457).
S. RECURVUM Beauv.

Preston : near Cranesville ; and Pocahontas : near Cran-
berry Glades {Sheldon, 1535, 3459, 3677, 3678).
S. CYMBiFOLiuM, Ehrh.

Common in wet glades, and in deep wooded rills. Pres-
ton : Kingwood and Terra Alta. WelDster : at Welsh, Long
and Collett's Glades. Fayette : glade above Nuttallburg.
Randolph: in the spruce forests {Millspaugh) . Monon-
galia: Deckers Creek valley near Morgantown {Andre-ws).
Randolph: in Blister Swamp {Moore).
S. CYMBIFOLIUM souARROSULUM Bry. Ger.

Monongalia: along Tibbs Run {Millspaiti^h, Andreses).

S. GIRGENSOHNII Russ.

Boggy places. Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades {Sheldon).
S. ouiNOUEFARiuM (Braith.) Warnst.

Randolph: in Blister Swamp {Moore).

ANDREAEACEAE.

ANDREAEA Ehrji.

A. RUPESTRis Hedw.

Monongalia : on rocks at summit of ridge near Cheat View
{Andrezv's) .

Musci.

DICRANACEAE.

PLEURIDIUiAI Brid.

P. ALTERNiFOLiuM (Kaulf.) Rab.

Monongalia : groinid on Dorseys Knob near Alorgantown
(Aiuirc-a's). Jefferson: near Harpers Ferry (Sulli'i'aiif).

DITRICHUAI Timm.

(Leptotrichtim, Hampe.)

D. PALLIDUM (Schreb.) Hampe. Trichostomnin pallidum, Hedw.
fiercer : on ground, oak woods, Bluefield. McDowell : on
clay, open woods, Elkhorn. Monongalia : on clay of open
woods, Tibb's Run (Millspaugh, 1458, 1492, 1495, 1500,
1598). Fayette: near Xuttallburg (Xuffall). Pocabontas •
on fresb soil along a log road near Cranberry Glades (Shel-
don, ^74^).

D. TORTILE (Scbrad.) Hampe.

Fayette: near Quinnimont {Pollard & Maxon, 105).

CERATODON, Brid.

C. PURPUREUS (L.) Brid.

Monongalia : on dry sandstone boulder, Morgantown ;
Tibb's Run (Millspangh, 1390, 1633). Fayette: near Nut-
tallburg (Nnttall).

DICRANELLA, Scbimp.

D. iiETEROMALLA (L.) Scbimp.

Monongalia : on ground under rail fence, The Flats ; on
wet coal entrance of coal pit, Georgetown ; on ground in
woods, Tibb's Run ( Mills l^augJi, 1362, 1378, 1638). Fay-
ette: Nuttallburg (Xuttall).
D. RUFESCENS (Toum.) Schp.

Monongalia : valley of Deckers Creek near Lick Run
(Andrezii's) .

D. VARiA (Hedw.) Schp.

^Monongalia : near the road in the vicinity of Easton
(Andrczi's).

174 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

RHABDOWEISIA Bry. Eu.
R. FUGAX (Hechv.) Br. & Sch.

On ledge and roots of various trees at McKinneys Cave
near Bretz, Monongalia ; on a ledge near Coopers Rock,
and on a sandstone ledge at Tibbs Run (Sheldon, 4169,
3039.4355)-

DICRANUM, Hedw.

D. FLAGELLARE Hedw.

Monongalia: on decayed oak log, Tibb's Run (Mills/'augh,
1593). Fayette : Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
D. scopARiuM (L.) Hedw.

Grant : on ground in damp woods. Bayard. ]\Ionon-
galia : on ground, the Flats ; on decayed log, Georgetown ;
loc. cit., Tibb's Run. Mercer: in tufts at base of stump,
Bluefield, and on decayed log (Millspaugh, 1398, 1382, 1601,
1476, 1464). Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
D. FULVUM Hook.

Fayette: Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
D. Drummondii Muell.

On the mountain between Barrenshe Creek and Dry Fork,.
McDowell County, altitude 1,700 feet, August 6, 1900 (Mor-
ris^. 1 1 65).
D. MONTANUM Hedw.

Monongalia : decayed spot in a tree near Dellslow (An-
drews).

D. LONGl FOLIUM Hcdw.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
D. FuscESCENS Tum.

Randolph: near Cheat Bridge (Sheldon, 2538).

DICRANODONTIUM Br. & Sch.

D. DENUDATUM (Brid.) E. G. B. (D. Virginicus E. G. B).

I^Ionongalia : on sandstone boulder along a woodland path,
Tibb's Run (Millspaugh, 1635).

Plants bright glossy green, stems matted below by a red
tomentum, leafy nearly to apex, denudate roughened above,
with a few leaves at summit ; leaves erect or secund, straight
or curled and twisted, often 5 mm. long, narrowly subulate
from a short, thick base, caducous ones with a long, slender,
smooth point ; persistent ones serrate, blade inflexed cells
densely chlorophyllose, filled with oil globules, those of the
basal angles, clear. Dioecious, the antheridia terminal in
conspicuous heads, bracts brown at base, apex subulate,
serrate ; perichretial bracts 3 to 4 mm. long, from a short
base, suddenlv sulnilate, dentate at apex ; pedicels lateral by

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

175

the growth of innovations, a to 2 cm. long", pale,' glossy
yellow, twisted in two directions, very slender, arcuate when
young, becoming erect before capsules mature. Capsule
cylindric, ribbed only at the mouth, U to 2 mm. long, beak-
straight or curved, shorter than the capsule, peristome'^bright
red, not deep set, teeth split unequally to middle, striolate at
base, pale and granulose above, annulus none, spores small,
calyptra cucullate, 2 mm. long, beaked, entire. Maturing in
summer.

Differs from European specimens of D. longirostre col-
lected by Seringe ; in the longer, paler, more slender, scarcely
arcuate pedicels, longer capsules, peristome not deep set, and
teeth split only to the middle, more united than figured in
the Bryologia Europaea, Table 88. It may be distinguished
from Campylopus Virginiciis, also remarkable for it's cadu-
cous leaves, by the longer, more slender subulate point,
which is entire or minutely serrate and smooth on the back,
by the thick base, with inflexed blades, and by the shape of
the basal cells at the angles.

Monongalia, on sandstone boulder deep woods, Tibb's
Run (Millspangh, 1596). Campylopus nexiiosus, Sull. not
Brid. D. Millspaugliii E. G. B.

Plant slight yellowish green, silky, cespitose ; stems mat-
ted with rufous tomentum at base, i to 3 cnL long, a few
denudate, roughened by the fragments of the slighfly cadu-
cous leaves. Leaves secund or erect-spreading, 4 to 5 mm.
long, narrowly subulate from a broad base "i to U mm.
long becoming tubular above with inrolled margins,' basal
angles not auricled, filled by large hyaline cells to the base
of the broad, brown vein, those of the blade oblong or
square next the vein becoming spindle-shaped and prosenchy-
matous toward the margin, vein thick, excurrent into a den-
tate slender tip, rough on back. Dioecious, perichstium
5 to 7 mm. long, bracts sheathing half their length, taper-
ing to a long, slender, obscurely serrate tip, outer shorter,
abruptly subulate, more sharply serrate; pedicels recurved,
burying the capsules among the leaves, becoming erect when
old, 5 to 8 mm. long, stout and twisted in two directions;
capsules pyriform-cylindric with a distinct neck, length
about I mm. without the lid. which is as long a? the rest
of the capsule, with a straight beak, calyptra cucullate, entire ;
peristome red, connivent, teeth deep set, slender, split to
middle, or perforate to base, striolate below, granulose
above ; annulus none, mouth bordered by a dense, "dark rim.
Maturing in summer, old capsules persistent, not sulcate.

Differs from European specimens of D. longirostre in the
structure of the base of the leaf, lacking the suddenlv in-

lyb Tin-: wkst \irginia flora

flaled basal auricles ; dififerino- also in the cells above the
base, teeth not split to base, occasionally only perforate.
From D. Virginicns it may be distinguished by the less
caducous leaves, shorter, stouter, more arcuate pedicels,
smaller capsules, and longer sheathing perich?etium.

Through the kindness of Dr. Robinson I have been able
to compare these specimens with those collected by Sul-
livant on Grandfather Mt. in 1843. His also are fruiting,
and an excellent drawing is preserved, hence I am able to
assert that the specimens are almost identical. SuUivant's
showing no naked stems, but many of the leaves are cadu-
cous. Dr. Braithwaite kindly compared the West Virginia
specimens with Camp\Iop]ts pyriforinis, sending me speci-
mens of this and the varjety MiiUcri, and sketches of the
bases of the leaves. It is evident that Sullivant was mis-
taken in referring his specimens to C. fiextiosiis, as they are
more closely allied to Dicranodontium longirostrc, var. al-
p'mus.

LEUCOBRYACEAE.

LEUCOBRYUM Hampe.
L. GLAucuM (L.) Br. & Sch.

Monongalia: on ground in woods. The Flats ( Millspaugh,
1399). Fayette: Nuttallburg {NnttaJl).

FISSIDENTACEAE.
FISSIDENS, Hedw.

F. MINUTULUS Sulliv.

Monongalia: on rocks in Aarons Run {Sheldon, 3934).

F. OBTUSIFOLIUS Wils.

Monongalia : on walls of Lock No. 9, Monongahela River
{Jennings).

F. ADIANTOIDES (L.) Hcdw.

Monongalia: on shaly rocks under clitT, Cassville (Mills-
paugJi, 1423).
F. DECiPiENS DeNot.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (A^iiftall).

F. SUBBASILARIS Hcdw.

Summers: near Lowell (Pollard & Mason. 117). Up-
shur, on a tree trunk at French Creek (Sheldon. 2093).

E N C A L Y P T A C E AE.
ENCALYPTA Schreb.
E. STREPTOCARPA Hcdw. (Lcersia streptocarpa Lindb.).

■\Iercer: face dry limestone clifif, Beaver Spring (Mills-
paugh, 1552) ; near Big Spring (Sullh'ant).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICx\L SURVEY 177

P O T T I A C E A E.

DESMATODON Brid.
D. PoRTERi James.

Jackson : on sandstone rock near Ravenswood (Sheldon,
2388).

TORTULA, L.

T. MURALis (L.) Hedw. Barbitla muralis (L.) Trin.

Mercer: on sandstone ledge, Beaver Spring {Millspaugh^
1553)-

TORTELLA C. 'M.
T. HUMiLis (Hedw.j. B. cacspitosa, Schwaegr. Barbula humilis
Hedw.

•Mercer: roots of oak, Bluefield {Millspaugh, 1447). Fay-
ette: Nuttallburg [Nuttall).
T. UNGUicuLATA (Huds. )• Barhidu iinguicidata Hedw.

Greenbrier: on rocks along rill near Fort Spring; Monon-
galia : on Front Street curb stone and on stone pile in
South Park, Morgantown (Sheldon, 2803. 2051, 2279).
T. TORTUOSA (L.) Limpr. Barbula tortuosa W. & M.

Monongalia: in sand under boulder. Camp Eden {Mills-
pan gh, 1395).

WEISIA Hedw.
W. viRiDULA Hedw. (Mollia viridiila Lindb.).

McDowell : on ground, open woods, Elkhorn (Millspaugh,
1496, 1497). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

G R I M M I A C E A E.

GRIM MIA Ehrh.

G. APocARPA (L.) Hedw.

Monongalia: on rocks in Tibbs Run (Ajidrezcs).

RHACOMITRIUM Brid.
R. ACicuLARE (L.) Brid.

Monongalia: at Tibbs Run (.-^ndreics).

ORTHOTRICHACEAE.
DRUMMONDIA Hook.

D. CLANELLATA Hook.

Aionongalia : on a tree near Easton (Andrezcs) .

178 Till-: \\i:sr xikgima flora

ORTHOTRICHUAI Hcdw.

O. PORTERI Aust.

Berkeley : on outcropping limestone near Alarlinsburg
{Sheldon, 2653).
O. Braunii Br. & Sch. O. strangulatum, Beauv.

Monongalia : on bark living apple tree, Alorgantown
{Millspaugh, 1288).
O. Ohioense S. & L.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Niiltall).

ULOTA Brid.
U. Americana (P.B.) Mitt. (U. Hntchinsiae Sclip.).

Wcissia Aiiicricana Lindb. Monongalia: on dry sand-
stone boulder at Camp Eden {MiUspaugh, 1390), and on
rocks in Tibbs Run {Andreivs). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).
U. ULOPHYLLA (Ebrh.) Brotb. (IVcisia ulopJiylla Ehrh.)

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
U. LuDWiGii Brid.

Greenbrier: on trunk of Bircb near Durbin, and Poca-
hontas, at Cranberry Glades (Sheldon, 1044, 3673).

FUNARIACEAE.

EPHEMERUM Hpe.

E. crassinervium (Schwgr.) Cen.

Inundated lands along the Kanawha River (Siilli'c'aiit').

FUNARIA Schreb.

F. hygrometica (L.) Sibth.

Monongalia : in soil on sandstone boulder, Tibb's Run
(Millspaii'i^h, 1615, 1617). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Xiiti-
all).
Var patula Br. & Sch.

Monongalia : on rocks lining a sj^ring, the Flats ; in cinders
of an old camp fire. Camp Eden (MiUspaugh, 1376, 1293).
F. FLAVICANS Mich>^'.

Monongalia : on damp sand in a "burning," Little Falls ;
loc. cit., Ivlorgantown (MiUspaugh, 1277, 1339)-

APHANORRHEGMA Sull.
A. SERRATUM (Hook. & Wils.) Sulliv.

Monongalia : Roadside leading from North Front Street,
and south side of Deckers Creek at the mouth of Aarons
Run, Morgantown (Sheldon, 2689, 3973. 4314)-

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I79

PHYSCOMITRIUM Brid.
P. PYRiFORME (L.) Brid.

Alonongalia : on top of soil of field that had been ploughed
and harrowed only eight days before, Morgantown ; on
ground marshy spot, Dille's {Millspaugli, 1278, 1403).

BRYACEAE.

POHLIA Hedw.
P. NUTANS (Schreb.) Lindb.

On decaying wood and on soil. Monongalia : near Alor-
gantown (4948); Preston: near Cranesville (1525, 3458):
near Terra Alta (3472); Preston: at McKinney's Cave
near Bretz (4074) ; Preston: near Oak Park (4067, 4984)
(all numbers Sheldon).

MNIOBRYUM Schimp.
M. ALBICANS (Wahl.) Limpr.

Monongalia: edge of stream near Oliver {Sheldon, 2921).

BRYUM L.
B. BiMUM Schreb.

Monongalia: on shale under ledge, Cassville (Millspaiigh,
1424)-

B. ARGENTEUM L.

Monongalia : fissures between bricks of walks, ]\Iorgan-
town {Millspaui^h, 1335). Favette : near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all).
B. INTERMEDIUM Brid.

Monongalia : near Ivlorgantown, ]\Iiddle Ferry and Eick
Run (Sheldon, 167, 169. 1268, 2340. 3957). Dr. Grout pro-
nounces 2340 not typical.
B. PSEUDOTRiouETRUM (Hedw.) Schwaegcr?

Monongalia: on railroad bank at Sturgisson (Sheldon,
186).

Doubtfully referred by Dr. Grout.
B. PROLiFERUM (L.) Sibth. (B. rosenni Schreb.)

Mercer : on roots of Oak near Bluefield ; McDowell : on
decayed wood at Elkhorn (Millspangh, 1449, 1502), and
along Horsepen Creek (Morris, 11 19).

B. CAPILLARE L.

Monongalia: at Quarry Run (Andrezi's).

B. CAESPITICIUM L.

Monongalia: near Drv Run (Andrezcs).

l80 THE WEST \IKGINIA ELORA

LEPTOBRYUM, Wils.
L. PVRiEORME (L.) Wils. (Bryum pyriformc, Hcdw.)

Monongalia: on sandstone boulder, Tibb's Run (Mills-
paugh, (1616, 1633).

M N I A C E A E.

MNIUM Linn.
M. MARGINATUM (Dicks.) Beauv.

Mononqalia : on rocks near Dellslow {Sheldon, 3209).
M. AFFiNE Bland.

Monongalia: near Dr}- Run (Andre-ws).
M. cuspiDATUM Hedw. {Astropliyllum sylvaticiiin LindbV

Monongalia: on soil at Morgantown; on a dry boulder by
Cheat River, and on a stone in a swampy spot at Dille's
(Millspaugh, 1359, 1397, 1583). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
{Nuttall).
M. ROSTRATUM Schrad. {Astropliyllum rostratttm Lindb.)

Grant : on wet logs at Bayard ; Monongalia : on decayed
wood at the Flats ; McDowell : on roots in a rill near Elk-
horn {Millspaugh, 1^77^ 1523)-
M. PUNCTATUM (L.) Hedw. {Astrophyllmn punctatuni Schreb.)

Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
M. HORNUM L. {Astro phylhmt hornum Lindb.)

Monongalia: on sand in a rill at Tibbs Run {Millspaugh,
1604.) Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

A U L A C O M N I A C E AE.

AULACOMNIUM Schw.

A. HETERosTiciiuM Br. & Sch. {Sphaerocephahts Britt. m.)

Monongalia : on coal, entrance to coal pit, Georgetown ;
hanging from sandstone boulder, Tibb's Run, Camp Eden
(1392); on rocky ledge, Cassville. McDowell: on sandy
bank of rill, Elkhorn {Millspaugh, 1319, 1607, 1414, 1520).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

B ARTRAMI ACEAE.

BARTRAMIA Hedw.

B. poMiFORMis (L.) Hedw.

Mercer : on bole dead tree, Bluefield. Monongalia : on
sandstone boulder, deep woods, Tibb's Run {Millspaugh,
1609). Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). On ground,
Greenbrier Co.. Kate's Mountain, alt. 3.300 ft. {Small &
Vail).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY l8l

l'''ar CRISPA (Sw.) Schimp.

Monongalia: on rock led^e, Cassville (Millspaugh, 1417.
1418).

PHILONOTIS Brid.
P. FONTANA (L.) Brid.

Mercer: on sandstone ledge in rill, Beaver Spring (Mills-
paugh, I 561).

W E B E R A C E A E.

WEBERA Ehrh.
W. PROLiGERA (Lindb.) Kindb.

Monongalia: near Lick Run {Andrezvs).
W. SESSiLis (Schm.) Lindb. (Diphysciuui foliosum Mohr.)

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

B U X B A U M I A C E A E.

BUXBAUMIA Haller
B. APHYLLA Linn.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

GEORGIACEAE.

GEORGIA Ehrh.
G. PELLUCIDA (L.) Rabenh. Tctraphis pellucida, Hedw.

Monongalia: on sandstone boulder, Tibb's Run (Mills-
paugh, 1606, 1610, 1634).

POLYTRICHIACEAE.

POGONATUM Palis.

P. BREVicAULE Beauv. (Polytrichum tenne Menz.)

North slopes on Road Run, Wyoming County, August 12,

1900 (Morris, 1176). Monongalia: roadside bank near Mor-

gantov/n, and on ground at Tibb's Run (Millspaugh, 1612).

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

POLYTRICHUM L.

P. COMMUNE L.

Preston: on ground in open woods, Terra Alta (Mills-
paugh).
P. Ohioense, Ren. & Card. P. formosum, SuU. not Hedw.

Monongalia : on ground, Morgantown ; a large form on
ground Tibb's Run ; an extremely small form, with minute
capsules on sandstone boulder, loc. cit. Mercer : on ground

l82 THE WEST \TRGINIA FLORA

in oak woods, Blnefield (Millspaitgh, 1536, 1600, 161 1,
1453)- Grant: on decayed logs, Bayard. P'avette : near
Nuttallbiirg {Nuttall).
P. piLiFERUM, Schreb.

Monongalia : on bare sandstone ledge, Falling Run (Mills-
paitgh, 1299).

CATHARINAEA, Ehrh.
C. ANGUSTATA, Brid. AtricJiimi angtistatum, Br. & Sch.

Monongalia, on ground in marsby spot, Morgantown.
Mercer: rocks in rill, Beaver Spring (Millspaugh, 1406,
1495). Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
C. UNDULATA (L.) Web. & Mohr. Atrichum undulatuui, Beauv.
Monongalia : on ground in marshy spot, Morgantown.
McDowell: on roots in stream, Elkborn {Millspaugh, 1404,
1522). Fayette, near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

H E D W I G I A C E A E.

HEDWIGIA Ehrh.
H. ciLiATA Ehrh.

Monongalia : on dry exposed boulders and rocks at The
Flats {Millspaui^h, 1400). Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all).

H. CILIATA SECUNDA Schp.

Monongalia : nicely fruited specimens with varietal char-
acters well marked on rocks in Tibbs Run, and on boulders
near Dry Run (Andre-cvs).

F O N T I N A L A C E A E.

FONTINALIS Dill.

F. Dalecarlica Bry. Eu.

Monongalia: along Tibbs Run { Andrews) .

C L I M A CI A C E AE.

CLTMACIUM W. & M.

C. Americanum Brid.

Monongalia: on a moist sandstone ledge near Cassville
(Millspaugh, 1413).
C. Americanum Kindbergii R. & C.

Preston: in glades near Masontown (Andrews).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 183

LEUCODONTACEAE.

LEUCODON, Schwaeger.

L. juLACEus (Hedw.) Sull.

Mercer : on limestone ledge, Beaver Springs ; McDowell :
on rocks in rill, Elkhorn ; Monojigalia : on oak log, Tibb's
run {MiUspangh, 1532, 1508, 1590).

L. BRACHYPUS Brid.

Grant: on wet rotten log. Bayard ( iMillspaiigh, 937).

N E C K E R A C E AE.

NECKERA Hedw.
N. PENNATA (L.) Hedw.

Tucker : on tree trunks, Blackwater Falls ( Millspaugh,
965). Fayette: near Nuttallburg [Nuttall).

LEPTODON Mohr.
L. TRiCHOiiiTRiON (Hcdw.) Mohr.

Monongalia : on a tree near the river at Ices Ferry ; and
Preston: near Masontown (Andrezi's).

THAMNIUM Bry. Eu.
T. Allegheniense (CM.) Bry. Eu.

jMonongalia : near Tibbs Run (Andrczcs).

F A B R O N I A C E AE.

ANACAMPTODON Brid.
A. SPLACHNOIDES (Frol.) Brid.

Monongalia : in a knot hole of an apple tree at Lick Run
(Sheldon, 3337).
A. APicuLATus Br. & Sch.

Pocahontas : on trunk of Beech at Cranberry Glades
(Sheldon, 3721).

E N T O I) O N T A C E AE.

PLATYGYRIUM Bry. Eu.
P. REPENS (Brid.) Br. & Sch. (Entodoii palatinus Lindb.)

Monongalia : on a decaying log near Morgantown (Shel-
don, 175). Monongalia: on decayed log. Tibbs Run (Mills-
paugh, 1603). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

184 'IHli WKST \lKcaMA I' LOR A

ENTODON C. M.
E. sEDUCTRix (Hedw.) C. Muell. {Cylindyothcciuui Snll.).

Monongalia: on bark living apple tree, Morganlown;
on bark in oak woods, Bluefield (Millspaugli, 1290, 1450).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
E. CLADORRHizANS (Hcdw.). C. Muell. {C ylindrothccium Schimp.)
Mercer: on decayed log, damp place, Bluefield {Mills-
paugh, 1489). Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

PYLAISIA Br. & Sch.
P. VELUTINA Br. & Sell.

Monongalia : on bark living apple tree, Morgantown
{Millspaugh, 1289).
P. iNTRicATA (Hedw.) Bry. Eu.

Monongalia : trees near Cheat River and Deckers Creek
{Andrews) .

H O O K E R I A C E AE.
HOOKERIA Smith.

H. SULLIVANTII CM.

Monongalia: at Tibbs Run (Andrezvs).

L E S K E A C E AE.

MYURELLA Bry. Eu.
M. GRACILIS (Weinm.) Lindb.

Monongalia: on a ledge near Sabraton (Sheldon, 3283)

LESKEA Hook.
L. GRAciLESCENS Hedw.

Pocahontas : on a tree trunk near Seebert (Sheldon,
3618).
L. POLYCARPA Ehrh.

Monongalia : on trunk of Poplar near Engine Works :
and Preston : on trunk of apple tree near Albright (Shel-
don, 2390, 3365).
L. OBSCURA Hedw.

Monongalia: base of tree near Morgantown (Andrezvs).

THELIA Sull.

T. HIRTELLA (Hcdw.) Sull.

McDowell : on bark living Beech, Elkhorn (Millspaugh,
1493)-

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 185

T. ASPRELLA (Schim.). Sull.

jMercer : on bole living Cornus florida, Beaver Spring
{Milhpaugh, 1535).

ANOMODON Hook. & Tayl.
A. ROSTRATUS (Hcdw.). Schimp.

Alonongalia : on dry boulder, The Flats ; loc. cit., Camp
Eden. Mercer: on sandstone ledge in rill, Beaver Spring;
on bole living Oak. Bluefield (Millspaugh, 1365, 1391, 1555,
1456, 1536). Fayette: Nuttallbiirg (Nuttall) ; Ronceverte
(Pringle).
A. ATTENUATUS (Schreb.), Huebn.

Monongalia : on dry boulder, The Flats. Mercer : com-
pletely covering large limestone ledges in open woods,
Beaver Spring (Millspaugh, 1363, 1367, 1531).
A. OBTUsiFOLius Br. & Sch.

Monongalia : base of tree near Decker's Creek, Morgan-
town (Andrezi's).

THUIDIUM Br. & Sch.

T. ViRGiNiANUM Lindb.

Monongalia: on a rock near Mont Chateau (Sheldon,

1529)-

T. MICROPHYLLUM (Sw.) Bcst.

Monongalia : on a decaying log near Morgantown ; Pres-
ton : along a path and roadside in the woods near McKinneys
Cave, Bretz (Sheldon, 3885, 4173, 4176).
T. MiNUTULUM (Hedw.) Br. & Sch.

Summers: near Lowell (Pollard & Maxon, 118).
T. RECOGNiTUM (Hedw.) Lindb. T. delicatuhim, Br. & Sch.
Grant : on decayed logs. Bayard. Monongalia : on dry
boulder. The Flats ; Tibbs Run ; on decayed logs, George-
town. Mercer: on sandstone ledge, Beaver Springs; on bole
dead tree; loc. cit., Bluefield (Millspaugh, 1366, 1608, 1382,
1544, 1477, 1510). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall);
near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, ill).
T. sciTUM (Beauv.) Aust.

Monongalia: on rocks along Tibbs Run (Andrews).

H Y P N A C AE.

AMBLYSTEGIUM Br. & Sch.
A. ADNATUM Hedw.

^IcDowell : on flat stone in deep woods, Elkhorn (Mills-
paugh, 1498).

l'86 THK WEST \IRGINIA FLORA

A. SERPENS (L.) J]r. &' Sch.

^Monongalia : on wet rotten loj^, Granville; on twigs in
rill, Dille's. .McDowell : on pebble in deep woods, Elkhorn
{Millspaugh, 1298, 1402, 1519).
A. ORTHOCLADON (Reauv.) Aust. (A. serpens ortJiocladon Aust.)
Monongalia : on rocks lining a spring, The Flats, Mer-
cer: on wet limestone ledge, Heaver Spring (Millspaugh,

1375- 1358).

A. VARiuM (Hedw.) Lindb. (A. radicalc Br. & Sch.)

Monongalia : on rocks lining a spring. The Flats ; on wet
rocks in stream, Cassville. Mercer: on limestone ridge,
Beaver Spring; on decayed log, Bhiefield. McDowell: on
top of stump in dark, deep woods, Elkhorn {MiUspaiigh^
1374, 1421, 1533. 1488, 1536, 1521).

A. iRRiGUUM (Hook. & Wils.) Br. & Sch.

Mercer: on sandstone ledge in rill. Beaver Spring. Mon-
ongalia: on rocks in rill, Tibbs Run {Millspaugh, 1556,

1559. 1592).
A. RiPARiuM (L.) Br. & Sch.

jMonongalia : on stone in streani, Falling Run. McDowell,
loc, cit., Elkhorn (Millspaugh, 1334, 15 12).
A. FLUVIATILE (Sw.) Br. & Sch.

Fayette: near Quinnimont {Pollard & Maxon, no).
A. JURATSKANUM Schimp.

Monongalia : on bark of decaying log south of Morgan-
town (Sheldon, 1352).

CAMPYLIUM Mitt.
C. iiispiDULUM (Brid.) Mitt. (Hypuimi hispidiihim Brid.)

Mercer: on ground in oak woods near Blucfield {} Mills-
paugh 1452).
C. CHRYSOPHYLLUM (Brid.) Britt.m.

Greenbrier : on the ground on Kates Mountain, alt. 3.300
ft. (Small & Vail). Mercer: on a decayed log in damp
place (Millspaugh, 1490, 1491). Monongalia: on old beech
log, Morgantown ; Mercer : on ground, Beaver Spring.
(Millspaugh, 1405, 1536).

C. TENELLUM L. & J.

Mercer : on bole of dead tree and on log in moist place
near Bluefield (Millspaugh, 1479, 1491).

PLAGIOTHECIUM Br. & Sch.
P. DENTicuLATUM (L.) Bry. Eu.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuitall).

P. DENTICULATUM DENSUM, Br. & Sch.

Monongalia: on sandstone boulder, Tibbs Run (Mills-
paugh, 1642).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY iS/

P. SULLIVANTIAE Scllillip.

jMonongalia : on sandstone boulder in deep woods, Tibbs
Run (Millspaugh, 1618).
P. STRiATELLUM (Brid.) Lindb.

Preston: on a ledge at McKinneys Cave (Sheldon, 4172).
P. MiCANS (Sw.) Paris.

Pocahontas: on a rock at Cranberry Glades {Sheldon,
3722).
P? SYLVATICUM Br. & Sch.

Pocahontas: on a decaying log at Cranberry Glades (Shel-
don, 3793).
P. TURFACEUM Lindb.

Preston: on a decaying log near Cranesville (Sheldon.
3452).

HYLOCOMIUM Bry. Eu.*
H. RUGOSUM (L.) DeNot.

Greenbrier: on ground on Kate's jMountain, alt. 3,300 ft.
(Small & Vail).
H. BREViROSTRUM (Ehrh.) Bry. Eu.

Monongalia : not uncommon in deep brook ravines near
Tibbs and Quarry Runs, fruiting at the latter (Andrezcs).

HYPNUM Linn.*
H. PATiENTAE Lindb.

Monongalia : on wet rocks along a small stream near
Morgantown (Sheldon, 2312).
H. SciiREBERi Willd. (Hyloconiinm parietinuni (L.) Lindb.)

Monongalia : on ground in shade of hemlocks at Laurel
Hills (Millspaugh, 1645).

H. DENTICULATUM, L.

Monongalia : on walls of dark dripping limestone cave,.
Cheat river ; on stone in swampy place, Morgantown ; on
sandstone boulder, and on pebbles in stream, Tibb's Run
(Millspaugh, 1405, 1614).

H. PALUSTRE. ?

^lonongalia : on stone in marshy spot, Morgantown ; on
rocks under a fall Cassville (Millspaugh, 1584, 1422).
H. viOLLE, Dicks.

Monongalia: on stone in marshy place, Dille's (Mills-
paugh, 1584).

* These genera have been entirely revised by Brotherus, in
Engler and Prantl. Having no access to an index to the species
I have made no attempt to replace the species in accordance
therewith. C. F. M.

160 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

H. I'RoLiFERUM L. H. spleiidciis, Heclw.

Randolph : in dense spruce forests, where it carpets al-
most everything beneath the trees, Cheat Bridge. Grant :
notul. idem., Bayard (Millspaugh).

H. RUTABULUM L.

Monongalia: on rocks in rill. Tibb's Run (Millspaugh,

1590-
H. Haldanianum Grev.

Fayette: near Quinniniont (Pollard & Maxon, 115).
H. REPTILE Rich.

Monongalia: on ground near Tibbs Run (Andrews).
H. UNCiNATUM Hedw.

Monongalia; at Quarry Run (Andrczvs).
H. TREQUETRUM (L.) Br. & Sch.

Monongalia : on ground, shade of hemlocks. Laurel Hills
(Millspaugh, 1649).

H. MICROCARPUM C. Mucll.

Monongalia : on bark of hemlock tree, Cheat River (Mills-
paugh, 1389).
H, HiANS Hedw.

Mercer: on damp, decayed bark, Bluefield (Millspaugh,
1840). Fayette: along Loup Creek (James).
H. DEMissuM Wils. Rhynchostegium deinissuin, Br. & Sch.

Monongalia : on stones in rill, Tibb's Run, and on wet
rocks (Millspaugh, 1619, 1595).
H. PLUMOSUM Huds. Brachythccium salebrosurn, Br. & Sch.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

PTILIUM DeNot.

P. CRiSTA-CASTRENSE (L.) DcNot. Hypuum crista-castreuse, L.
Plentiful on ground, rocks, logs, etc., in the dense spruce
forests. Grant : near Bayard. Randolph : near Cheat
Bridge ( Millspaugh ) .

STEREODON Mitt.

S. IMPONENS (Hedw.) Brid. Hypnum iniponens, Hedw.

Monongalia : on decayed log, Georgetown ; loc. cit., Tibb's

Run. (Millspaugh, 1381, 1602) Fayette: near Nuttallburg

(Nuttall).

S. cuPRESSiFORMis (L.) Brid. H. cupressiforme L.

Mercer: on damp decaved log, Bluefield (Millspaugh,

1487).

S. cuRViFOLius (Hedw.) Brid. H. curvifolium Hedw.

Monongalia: on decayed oak, Little Falls; near Mor-

gantown ; near Georgeton ; near Cassville ; on ground,

Georgetown. McDowell : on decayed log, Elkhorn. Mercer •

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 1 89

loc. cit., Bluefield, and Beaver Spring {MillspaiigJi, 1276,
1344, 1380, 1420, 1382, 1517, 1485, 1491). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. RECURVANS (Schwaegcr) Broth. (Hypnwn Schwaeg.).

Tucker : on decayed logs, etc., at Blackwater Falls ; Mc-
Dowell : on same at Elkhorn ; Monongalia : on the bole of
a tree at Tibbs Run {MiUspaugh, 990, 991, 992, 1499, 1507).

S E M A T O P H Y L L A C E A E.

RHAPHIDOSTEGIUM DeNot.*

R. Carolinianum (C. M.) J. & S.

Monongalia : at Tibb's Run, on rock at Quarry Run, on
ledge at Burnt House {Sheldon, 553, 3031, 4236). Preston:
on wet rock at McKinneys Cave, Bretz (Sheldon, 4168).
R. Carolinianum admixtum (SuU.) J. & S.

Monongalia: on a ledge at Burnt House (Sheldon, 4235).
R. Marylandicum (C. M.) J. & S.

Randolph : on a rock in a small stream near Cheat Bridge
(Sheldon, 2572).
R. cylindrocarpum (C. M.) Kindb.

Monongalia: on decayed wood near Quarry Run (An-

B R A C H Y T H E C I A C E A E.

BRACHYTHECIUM Bry. Eu.

B. ACUMINATUM (Hedw.) Kindb.

On tree trunk Monongalia: near Marilla (Sheldon, 1417).
B. plumosum (Sw.) Br. & Sch.

Monongalia : on wet ledge along Deckers Creek opposite
Marilla (Sheldon, 4003, 4999).

B. DIGASTRUM C. M. & K.

]\Ionongalia : on decayed log. Lick Run (Sheldon, 3968)
B. luteum (Brid.) Bry. Eu.

Monongalia: on ground near Quarry Run (Andrews).
B. rivulare (Bruch.) Bry. Eu.

Monongalia: on ground near Quarry Run (Andreics).

RHYNCHOSTEGIC^l Mitt.

R. Rusci forme B. & S.

Along Horsepen Creek. McDowell County, July 31,
1900 (Morris, 1117). Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard
& Mason, 109).
R. SERULATUM (Hcdw.) Jacg.

^Monongalia : on ground about Morgantown (Andreses).

190 Till-: \\i:sr xikcixia i'Lora

CIRRI PHYLLUM Grout.
C. Bosci (Schw.) Grout.

Monono;alia: at Morgantowii, and on ledge near Burnt
House {Siicldoii, 1270, 4230).

HOMALOTHECIELLA (Card.) Broth.

H. SUBCAPILLATA (Hedw.) Card.

Randolph: on tree trunk near' Cheat Bridge (Sheldon, ,
2512).

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE.

OPHIOGLOSSUM, L.

O. vuLGATUM L. Adder's Tongue.

Wet meadows and woods. Gilmer : near Glenville
(Mapd).

BOTRYCHIUM, Sw.

B. TERNATUM (Thuub.) Sw. Moon-wort.

Dry woods. Monongalia, Marion. Preston: in Laurel
hills. Grant: near Bayard (Millspauj^h) . Gilmer: near
Glenville (Mafyel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, glades, alt.
2.000 ft {Xiittall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).
B. siLAiFOLiuM Presl. (B. teniatiini australe D. C. Eaton).

Grassy places. Monongalia : on the campus near j\Ior-
ganto wn ( Mills pan gh ) .
B. MATRicARiAE (Schrank) Spreng.

Rich opens. McDowell: near Elkhorn (Millspaugh).
B. OBLiouuM Muhl.

Fayette: near Xuttallburg, dry opens, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nutt-
all). Ohio: hills back of Wheeling (Merts & Guttenberg).
Monongalia: on the campus near Morgantown (Mills-
paugh) .
B. DissECTUM Spreng.

Glades. Fayette: near Nuttallburg. alt. 2,000 ft. (Ntitt-
all). Monongalia: on the campus near Morgantown (Mills-
paugh).
B. ViRGiNiANUM (L.) Sw. "Indicator."

Rich woods. Grant : near Bayard. Randolph : on Rich
Mountains. Monongalia : Cheat River near Camp Eden.
Gilmer : near Glenville. Jackson : near Ripley, where it
is often called "Indicator" as its growth is thought to in-
dicate the presence of Ginseng in the locality (Millspaugh).

Pteridophyta.

F I L I C E S.

POLYPODIUM, L.

P. vuLGARE L. Common Polypody.

Common on mossy rocks and in rocky woods. Kanawha :
near Charleston (Barnes) ; near Coalburg (James). Gilmer:
near Glenville (Alapel). Fayette: near Nuttallbnrg- (Nntt-
all). Grant: near Bayard and along Buffalo Creek. Mon-
ongalia : along Cheat River. Tucker : along Beaver Creek
and Blackwater. Randolph : on Rich and Cheat Mountains
( i\Iillsf>aitgh) : near Whitmar ( Greeiunaii, 30); Greenbrier-
near White Sulphur Springs. Summers : near Hinton
McDowell: near Elkhorn (Millspaiigli).
P. VULGARE DECEPTUM Maxou, Proc. Nat. Mus., 23:628 (1901).

Rhizoma slender, extensively creeping, covered thickly
with spreading chaff ; stipe 5 to 8 inches long, greenish to
stramineous; laminae very 'dark green above, lighter be-
low, 7 to 1 1 inches long, 2^ to 4 inches broad ; pinnae distant
from once to twice their width, broadest in the middle and
tapering to an acute apex, the margin doubly crenate or
occasionally nearly entire, the base broadly decurrent, veins
sinuous and prominent in drying, the veinlets usually fork-
ing twice; tip of lamina long acuminate, as in P. faleatuin;
sori very large, often irregularly disposed.

Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, Smithsonian In-
stitution, collected by E. L. Morris, No. 121 5, on rocks,
along the Guyandotte River below Baileysville, Wyoming
County, W. Va., alt. 1,100-1,250 feet, August 13-19, 1900.
This fern has already been brieflv characterized by Dr.
Millspaugh as Polypodium viilgare forma biserrata (sic).
The name hiserratum being already preoccupied by a
]\Iexican fern it becomes necessary, in referring to the
West Virginian plant, to substitute a new name. In addi-
tion I would refer here Mr. Morris' 1207 collected near
the type station ; also Pollard & Maxon's No. 25, collectea
Aug. 21, 1899, at Quinnimont, W. Va., which I have pre-
viously referred tentatively to the variety aciitum Moore.
From aeutiim it differs in the narrower and ftiore spatulate
pinnae, and commonly in the double crenation, for aeutiiin
is normally with entire, or at most slightly serrulate, pinnae.

192 THE WEST \TRGINIA FLORA

Mr. Morris states that typical vulgar e was common in the
general region ; from this it differs in its nmch greater size,
its scantier foliage, and in the shape of the pinnae. There
are in the National Herbarium at least two specimens, col-
lected in West Virginia and North Carolina, which with
plants collected at Great Falls, Fairfax County, Va., by
William Palmer, are to be regarded as intermediate with
typical z'ulgare, mossy boulders along the Blackwater Fork
of Cheat River (Millspaiigh).
P. POLYPODioiDE^ (Linn.) Hitch. Polypodiiim iiicanuiii Sw.

Rocks and tree trunks. Fayette: near Hawk's Nest (Por-
ter) ; opposite Gauley {Eggleston, 5525). Wirt: near Burn-
ing Springs (Marts).

CHEILANTHES, Sw.
C. LANOSA (Michx.) Watt. ' C. vcstita (Spreng.) Sw.

Rocky places, Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Mcrt:: &
Guttenherg) .
C. Feei Moore. C. lanuginosa, Nutt.

Cliffs. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James).
C. TOMENTOSA Link.

Grant: on the rocks of a high cliff at Peters Gap (A. B.
Brooks).

PELLAEA, Link.
P. ATROPURPUREA (L.) Link. Cliff Brake.

Dry rocks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).
Mercer: near Beaver Spring on exposed ledges, plentiful
(Millspaugh) .

PTERIDIUM Scop.
P. AouiLiNUM (L.) Kuhn. Brake or Bracken.

Thickets and hillsides. Common throughout. Upshur :
at School-house Summit. Webster: in Upper Glade (Mills-
paugh). Kanawha: near Coalburg and Charleston (James).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

ADIANTUM, L.
A. PEDATUM, L. Maiden Hair Fern.

Rich moist woods. Common throughout the State
(Millspaugh). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

ASPLENIUM, L.
A. piNNATiFiDUM Nutt. Splceuwort.

Cliffs and rocks. Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Mert::
& Gntteiiberg). Monongalia: near Dellslow (Sheldon,
361). Favettc : near Nuttallburg. in clefts of boulders, rare
(Nuttall)'

WEST N'IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURN'EY " I93

A. Trichomanes. L.

Shaded cliffs. Wirt : near Burning Springs. Xicholas :
along Peter Creek. Fayette: near Xuttallburg {Xiitfall)
Preston: near. Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele) ; and along the
Gauley River. Kanawha: near Coalburg (James). Gilmer:
near Glenville. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs
(Millspaugh, Eggleston 5517).

A. TRICHOMANES INCISUM MoorC.

Summers: hills above Hinton (Eggleston, 5565).
A. PLATYNEURON (L.) Oakes. (A. ebeitnin. Ait.)

Frequent in rocky open woods. Kanawha: near Charles-
ton (Barnes). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Xuttall).
Wirt: near Burning Springs (Millspaugh). Greenbrier;
near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston, 5515). Preston
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

A. MONTANUM, Willd.

Cliffs and rocks. Fayette : near Hawk's Nest (Porter)
(see ]\Ieehan's Monthly, Aug., 1892, plate) ; near Xuttall-
burg, alt., 2,000 ft. {Xiittall). Jefferson: near Harper's
Ferry. Randolph: near Helvetia (Merts & Gnttenherg).
Grant : near Bayard. Monongalia : on boulders along Tibb's
Run, plentiful (Millspaugh).

A. ANGUSTIFOLIUM Michx.

Rich woods. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertc & Gnttenherg).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette: near
Xuttallburg (Nuttall).

ATHYRIUM Roth.

A. THELYPTEROiDES (Michx.) Dcsv. (Aspleiiiiini Michx).

Rich woods. Kanawha: near Charleston (James). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry
(Merts & Gnttenherg).

A. FiLix-FOEMiNA (L.) Roth. (Asplenium L.).

Randolph: at Glady (Greenman, 32). Moist woods. Gil-
mer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Gnttenherg).
Tucker: near the Falls of Blackwater (Millspaugh). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

A. FiLIX-FOEMINA PECTINATUj\r (Wall.)

Rich black soil. Tucker: Falls of the Blackwater (Mills-
paugh).

CAMPTOSORUS, Link.

C. RHizopHYLLus (L.), Link. Walking Fern. Walking Leaf.

Shaded rocks and conglomerate boulders. \\^irt : near

Burning Springs. Fayette : along the Gauley River ; near

iy4 'I'll'*- \\i'-sr NiKcixiA i-i.oka

Kanawha Trails {James). Tucker: at JJlackwaler Falls.
Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Kanawha: near Coalburg
(Jariics). Fayette: near Nuttallburt:^ (Xuttall). Monon-
galia: near Morgantown {Millspaugh) . Summers: near
Hinton {Egglcstoii, 55^)4). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

PHEGOPTERIS, Fee.

P. Phegoptkris (Linn.) Underw, P. polypodioidcs, Fee.

Damp woods. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapcl). Tucker:
near the Falls of Blackwater {Millspaiigli).
P. HEXAGONOPTER.\ (Michx.) Fee.

Open woods. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapcl). Fay-
ette : near Nuttallburg, shaded fence rows and deep woods
{A'littall). Ohio: near Wheeling {Mcrta & Gnttcnbcrg).
Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
P. Dryopteris (F.) Fee.

Rocky woods. Preston: near Rowlesburg {Mert:: & Gut-
tenherg).

DRYOPTERIS Adans.

D. Thelypteris (Linn.) A. Gray. AspidiiiDi Tlielypteris {L..) Sw.
Marshy Meadows. Ohio: near Wheeling {Merts & Gnt-
tenberg). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

D. NovEBORACENSis (Linn.) A. Gray. Aspidiuni Noi'ehoracense
(L.) Sw.

Moist woods. Randolph: on Rich Mountain, alt. 1,850
feet. {Millspaugh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nnttall);
near Kanawha Falls {James). Kanawha: near Charleston
{James). Preston: near iXurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

D. FRAGRANS (Linn.) Schott. Aspidlwm fragrans (L.) Sw.

Opens. Pocahontas : near summit of Spruce Knob, alt.
4,800 feet, where it is cut and cured for fodder {Mills-
paugh).

D. SPINULOSA (Retz.) Kuntze. Aspidiuni spiimlosiim {Retz.) Sw.
Damp woods. Wirt : above Burning Springs. Randolph :
on Rich Mountain. Preston: near Terra Alta. McDowell:
near Elkhorn {Millspaugh). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. &
Mrs. Steele). Fayette :\iear Nuttallburg {Xutfall). Web-
ster: at Tatcr Knob (//. H. Smith, 1496).

D. SPiNULo.sA INTERMEDIA (Muhl.) Uudcrw. Aspidiuui spinii-
losnm var. intermedium Eaton.

Deep rich woods throughout Grant, Tucker and Poca
hontas Counties. L^pshur : near Beech and Middle Fork
{Millspaugh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nnttall). Pres-
ton: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Randolph: along
a mountain brook near Whitmar {Greenniaii, 2/).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I95

D. SPINULOSA DiLATATA (Hoffm.) Uiidcrw. Aspidiinn spinii'
losuui var. dilatatitui Hook.

Deep woods. Ohio: near Wheeling {Mcrtz & Gutten-
berg).
D. siMULATA Davenport. Bot. Gaz., 29:495 (1894).

Aspidiiiiii spinulosiLin var. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 482
(1892). Comparing my specimens from the deep, wet
woods of Randolph Co. with specimens of D. simulata re-
cently sent me by Professor Davenport, I find them identical.
In publishing the species Professor Davenport includes it
under Dryopteris as well as Aspidium, Nephrodium and
Lastrea.

In deep, wet woods under Black Spruce. Randolph : neai
Cheat Bridge, and Shades-of-Death (Millspaugh).
D. CRIST ATA (L.) A. Gray. Aspidium cristatiim (L.) Sw.

Swampy places. Preston : near Cranberry Summit {Mertz
& Guttenberg) ; near Reedsville and Terra Alta (Milh-
paugJi) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
D. GoLDiEANA (Hook.) A.Gray. Aspidiujm Goldicanmii Hook.

Rich moist woods. Preston : near Cranberry Summit
{Mcriz & Guttenberg) ; near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele)
Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
D. P^iLix-MAs (L.) Schott. Male-fern. Aspidium Fili.r-uias Sw.

Rocky woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
D. MARGiNALis (L.) A. Gray. Aspidium marginale Sw.

Rocky hillsides in rich woods. Tucker: near Parsons
(Greenmau, 28). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Kan-
awha: near Charleston (James). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Xiiftall). Grant: near Bayard (Millspaugh). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

POLYSTICHUM Roth.

P. ACROSTiciioiDES (Michx.) Schott. Christmas Fern. Aspidium

acrostichoides Sw.

Rocky woods. Upshur : beyond Buckhannon. Randolph :

near Cricard (Millspaugh). Webster: near Tater Knob

(H. H. Smith, 1509). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Ahtttall). Preston: near Aurora

(Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Barbour: near Tygart Junction

(Greenuiaii, 35).
P. ACROSTICHOIDES 6"cHWEiNiTzii (Bcck). Aspidiuiu aelvostl-

choidcs Sehzveinitzii (Beck.) B. S. P.

Rocky woods. Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Merts

& Guttenberg).

196 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

FILIX Adans.

F. BULBiFERA (L.) Undcrw. Bladder Fern (Cystopteris biilbifcra
Bernh.).

Shaded ravines. Ohio: near Wheeling (Alertc & Gut-
tenberg). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall). Ran-
dolph: near Pickens {H. H. Smith, 1361).
F. I'RAGiLis (L.) Underw. (Cystopteris fragilis Bernh.).

Shady cliffs. Fayette : near Gauley Bridge along the
Kanawha (Millspaugh) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

ONOCLEA, L.

O. SENSiBiLis, L. Sensitive Fern.

Moist meadows. Monongalia : the Flats. Gilmer : near
Glenville (Mapcl). Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James):
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph: near Valley Head.
Upshur: near Buckhannon (Millspaugh). Preston: near
Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

WOODSIA, R. Br.

VV. OBTUSA (Spreng.), Torr.

Rocks and cliffs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Randolph: near Cricard (Millspaugh). Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

DENNSTAEDTIA Bernh.

D. PUNCTiLOBULA (Miclix.) Moorc. Dickson's Fern (Dicksoiiia
punctilobula Hook).

Moist shady places. Randolph : on Rich Alountains, alt.
1.920 feet; Cheat mountains under Black Spruce, abundant
(Millspaugh). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg, alt. 2,400 feet (Nuttall). Pendleton: on Spruce Knob
Grcenman, 31) ; near Kanawha Falls and Loup Creek
(James). Kanawha: near Charleston (James).

OSMUNDA L.

O. REGALis, L. Royal Fern.

Swampy meadows. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pol-
lock). Pocahontas: near Travellers Repose (Greenman,
29). Upshur: near Randolph County line on Staunton Pike.
Webster : Upper Glade. Preston : near Terra Alta and Cold
Spring. Monongalia : near Camp Eden. McDowell : near
Elkhorn (Millspaugh). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

WEST \'IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IQ7

O. Claytoniana, L. Clayton's Flowering- Fern.

Low grounds. Preston: near Cranberry Summit {Mertr.
& Guttenberg.) Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutfall)
O. ciNNAMOMEA, L. Cinnamon Fern.

Marshy places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000
feet (Nuttall). Preston: near Cranberry Summit (Merts
& Guttenberg). Randolph: along Shaver's Fork (Mills-
paiigh) ; near Pickens {H. H. Smith, 1392).

EQUISETACEAE.

EQUISETUM, L.
E. AR\'ENSE, L. Field Horsetail.

Moist, sandy fields. Frequent throughout the State

E. SYLVATICUM, L.

Damp rich woods. Mercer : near Ada. Monongalia • near
Little Falls {Millspaugh) .
E. HYEMALE, L. Scouring Rush.

Wet wooded banks. Wirt: near Burning Sprino-g (Mills-
paugh).
E. LAEviGATUM, Braun.

Clay banks along stream. Mercer: near Ingleside. (Mills-
paugh). ^

LYCOPODIACEAE.

LYCOPODIUM, L.
L. LuciDULUM Michx.

Cold damp woods. Grant: near Bayard, and Tucker
near Davis (Millspaugh). Randolph: near Cheat Bridge
{Millspaugh), and near Whitmar (Greemnan 22) Pres-
ton, near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall)

L. ANNOTINUM L.

Cold woods. Randolph: plentiful along the west slope
of Cheat Mountains near Cheat Bridge {Millspaugh) Fzly-
ette: near Nuttallburg (A^w//a//). t ^ ^ y

L. OBSCURUM L. Ground Pine. (L. dendroideum, Michx )

Deep, moist woods. With the last, plentiful (Millspaugh)
Randolph : near Pickens (//.//. ^mz>/j 1824)
L. CLAVATUM L. Club Moss.

Dry woods. Common throughout the State

L. TRISTACHYUM Pursh.

Pendleton: on the western slope of Spruce Mountain
{Greenman, 24).

198

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

L. coMi'LANATUM L. Trailing Christmas Green.

Deep coniferous woods. In the Alleghanies of Grant,
Tucker, Randolph and Pocahontas counties (Millspaiigh)
Fayette: near Nuttallburg- (Niittall).

SELAGINELLACEAE.

SELAGINELLA, Beauv.

RUPESTRis (L.) Spring.

Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Mcrtc & Giiftciibcrg).
APUS (L.) Spring

In a luxuriant mass among the grass and shrubs along
the edge of an island in the Bluestone River, opposite De-
lashmeet Creek, Mercer County, altitude 2,080 feet, July 27,
igoo {Morris, 1061). Monongalia: several stations near
Morgantown ; and Pocahontas: near Warnton (Sheldon).
Barbour: near Belington (A. B. Brooks).

Gymnospermae'

PIN ACE AE.

THUJA, L.

T. occiDEXTALis, L. Arbor Vitse.

Dry, rocky hills. ^Mineral : on Knobby iMountains. Grant

near Petersburg:.

JUNIPERUS, L.

J. coMxMUNis, L. Juniper.

Dry sterile hills. Wood : near Kanawha Station. Min-
eral : on Knobbv ^^lountains. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

J. Virgin: AN A L. Red Cedar. Savin.

Wood: near Lockhart's Run and Kanawha Station (Mills-
paiigh), near Nicollet (H. H. Smith, 2030). Wirt: on
Nigh-cut Hill. Fayette : near Crescent ; Kanawha Falls
(Janics) \ Nuttallburg (A^nttall). Mineral: on Knobby
Mountains. Jefferson : along the Potomac. Mason : near
Point Pleasant. Berkeley : near Martinsburg. Monongalia :
near Morgantown. Mercer: near Ingleside. Jackson and
Mason : along the Ohio River ; Cabell : along the C. & O. R.
R.. from Huntington, to St. Albans in Kanawha County.
Jefferson Co.. plentiful near Harper's Ferry, trunks 7 to 9
inches in diameter.

PINUS, L.

P. RESiNOSA Aiton. Pitch Pine.

Open woods. Preston: near Cranesville Glade (Rinnscx).
P. Strobus L. White Pine.

Wood : near Leachtown. Wirt : near Burning Spring.

Calhoun : near White Pine and Laurel Run. Pocahontas :

near Sunset. Greenbrier : near Caldwell. Fayette : near

■ Nuttallburg, probably introduced (Xutfall). Preston: near

Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

* From here to the end of this work where no collector is
mentioned the localities are those of the author.

200 . TllK WEST \IUGINIA FLORA

P. Taeda L. Loblolly, or Old-field Pine.

Opens. Wood: near Kanawha Station. ]\lineral. Hamp-
shire, and Hardy : along the table-lands.

P. RiGiDA Mill. Pitch Pine.

Kanawha: near Charleston -(Barnes). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 {Niittall). Greenbrier: near White
Sulphur Springs. Mineral : on Knobby Mountains. Web-
ster: on Tater Knob, Wood: near Nicollet {H. H. Smith.
1 5 10, 2026).

P. PUNGENS, Michx. f. Table Mountain Pine.

Dry rocky soils. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes)
Mineral on Knobby Mountain. Pendleton : foot hills of
Spruce Knob (A. D. Hopkins).

P. ViRGiNiANA Mill. Scrub Pine. (P. inops, Ait.).

Sterile hills. Greenbrier: near Caldwell; slopes of Kate's
Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg, a common second growth (Nut tall). Summers: near
Hinton (Eggleston, 5587). Berkeley: near Martinsburg
Mercer : near Ingleside. .

P. ECHiNATA Mill. Yellow Pine. (P. mitis, Michx.)

Wood: near Leachtown ; near Nicollet (H. H. Smith,

2025). Randolph: near Valley 'Bend. Summers: near
Hinton.

LARIX Adans.

L. LARiciNA (DuRoi) Koch. Tamarack (L. Americana Mx.)
Boggy lands. Preston: in Cranesville Glade (Riimsey)

PICEA, Link.

P. RUBENS Sarg. Black Spruce. "Yew Pine." "White Spruce,"
"Spruce Pine." (Picea Mariana Prel. Cat )

In 1901 there were magnificent forests in the following
regions where it grew at elevations varying from 2,500 to
4,000 feet :

Acres.

Randolph County on Elk and Gauley waters 15,000

Randolph County on Cheat waters 120,000

Randolph County on Mill Creek 5,ooo

Randolph County on Elk Mountain .500

Pocahontas County on Shaver's Fork of Cheat. . . . 20,000
Pocahontas County on the headwaters of Greenbrier

River 100,000

Pocahontas County on Elk and Gauley headwaters. 100.000
Tucker County on Cheat water 50,000

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 20I

Mineral County 25,000

Greenbrier County (by actual survey) 35A99

Total acreage 470,999

This estimate probably fell under the actual amount.

Summers : along Greenbrier River near Talcott. Mercer :
near Ingleside {Mills paugh). Preston: near Aurora {Mr.
& Mrs. Steele). Randolph: near Pickens and Turkey Bone
{H. H. Smith, 1411, 2055).

TSUGA, Carrier.
T. Canadensis (L.) Carr. Hemlock. Hemlock Spruce. Abies
Canadensis, Michx.

Rocky woods. Wirt : along Straight Creek. Calhoun :
on Laurel Run. Nicholas : near Beaver Mills. Grant : near
Bayard, abundant. Monroe : near Alderson. Preston : near
Terra Alta {Millspaugh) ; near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, plentiful {Nuttall). Mercer:
near Ingleside and Princeton. McDowell : near Elkhorn.
Monongalia : near Uffington and Tibb's Run.

ABIES, Miller.

A.' Fraseri (Pursh) Lindl. "Blister Pine." Balm-of-Gilead
Fir. Balsam Fir.

Mountain Swamps. Randolph : about two miles beyond
Cheat Bridge, along the Staunton Pike {Millspaugh; Shel-
don, 2585).

T A X A C E AE.

TAXUS, Linn.
Taxus Canadensis Marshall. {T. baccata, Canadensis Gray).
Damp hillside woods. Marion : near the mouth of Buf-
falo Creek {K. D. Walker). Taylor: near Nuzums. Fay-
ette : along Williams River. Randolph : in the Sink region
Greemnau, 198).

TYPHACEAE.

TYPHA, L.
T. LATiFOLiA, L. Cat Tail.

Ditches and swampy spots. Gilmer : near Glenville {Ma-
pel). Preston: near Terra Alta. Morgan: near Hancock.
Monongalia : near the Dille farm.

202 THE WEST \1KGINIA FLORA

S P A R G A X I A C E AE.

SPARGANIUM, L.
S. EURYCARPUM, Engelm. Bur-reed.

Borders of stream and still waters. Webster : in Welch
Glade. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs.
S. DivERSiFOLiuM ACAULE ( Becby) Fern. & Earn.

Pocahontas: near Travellers Repose (Grccuiiiaii, 75).

POTAMOGETONACEAE.

POTAMOGETON, L.
P. LONCHiTES Tuck. P. flii'itaiis Roth.

In rivers and streams. Randolph : near Tygart's Vallev
River, near Huttonsville. Summers : New River : near Hin
ton.
P. Spirillus Tuckerman.

Randolph : in the Tygarts Valley River near Huttonsville
{Greenman, 132).
P. PECTiNATUS L. (Determined by F. V. Coville).

Forming- large masses on the bars of the Greenbrier River
at Talcott, Summers County, altitude 1,490 feet, August
24, 1900 {Morris, 1342).
P. DIMORPHUS Raf.

In still water. Hardy: near Aloorefield (A. B. Brooks).
P. EPIHYDRUS Raf.

Preston: in a ditch near Cranesville (Shcldo>i 3414 visa).

SCHEUCHZERIACEAE.

SCHEUCHZERIA L.
S. PALusTRis Linn.

Pocahontas: in Cranberry Glades (A. B. Brooks).

A L I S M A C E A E.

ALISMA, L.

A. Plantago-aouatica Linn.

Wet ditches. Monongalia : near Ice's Ferry. Summers :
near Hinton. Greenbrier : near AMiite Sulphur Springs.

SAGTTTARIA, L.

S. ARiFOEiA Nutt. Arrow-head.

In water or very wet places. Randolph : near Beverly.
Summers : near Hinton. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 203

Springs. Wood : near Parkersburg. Marion : near Clements.
Fayette: near Xuttallburg- (Nvittall). Berkeley near Mar-
tinsburg.
forma angustifolia (Engelm.) Britt.

Wet places. Putnam : near Buffalo. Mason : near Point
Pleasant.
S. graminea Michx.

Summers : shores of New River near Hinton.

V A L L I S N E R I A C E A E.

VALLISNERIA L.
V. spiralis L. Eelgrass.

Among the pondweeds in the Greenbrier River at Tal-
cott. Summers County, altitude 1,490 feet, August 24,
1900 {Morris, 1341).

H Y D R O C H A R I T A C E A E.

PHILOTRIA Raf.

P. Canadensis (Michx.) Britton. W^ater-weed. (Elodea Cana-
densis Michx.)

Slow streams in slack water. Fayette : near Kanawha
Falls (James). Putnam : near Buffalo (Millspangh). Kan-
awha: near Charleston (Holton).

G R A M I N E AE.
TRIPSACUM, L.

T. DACTYLOIDES L.

Moist places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (A'lttfall).

ANDROPOGON, L.
A. FURCATUS Muhl. Beard Grass.

Damp places. Randolph : along Tygart's Valley River
near Beverly. Monongalia : along the Monongahela below
Morgantown. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls. (James);
near Nuttallburg (NiittaU). Summers: near Greenbrier
Stockyards, and along Greenbrier River. Tavlor : near
Grafton. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Bar-
bour : near Tygart Junction ; and Tucker : banks of the
Blackwater River near Hendricks (Greemnan, 38, 86).
A. scopARius Michx. "Broom Sedge."

Dry soils. Alonongalia : about Morgantown, plentiful.
Webster: near Upper Glade. Mason: near Point Pleasant

204 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Taylor: near Grafton. Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs.
Steele), and in every county visited.

This species which threatens to be our most pernicious
and wide-spread weed, is advancing eastward with the ut-
most aggressiveness. It has absolutely no fodder qualities,
its nutritive ratio being only i :i4.50, and its value as a
fertilizer only $2.37 per dry ton. The method of combating
this pest is as yet a mere matter of conjecture.

The plant is reported from Brooke : near Wellsburg and
Fowler's. Barbour : near Overfield, Pepper and Philippi.
Braxton : near Bulltown, Frametown, Tate Creek, Elmyra
and Newville. Cabell : near Union Ridge and Barboursville.
Clay: near Valley Fork. Doddridge: near Leopold, New
Milton and Center Point. Fayette : near Fayetteville, Moun-
tain Cove and Beets. Grant : near Medley, Petersburg and
Greenland. Greenbrier : near Frankford, Trout Valley and
Fort Spring. Hampshire : near Slanesville, Springfield and
Three Churches. Harrison : near Clarksburg, Lost Creek,
Bridgeport, Wallace, Wilsonburg, Adamsville, Good Hope
and Mount Clare. Hardy : near Moorefield and Wardens-
ville. Jefferson : near Kabletown. Jackson : near Grass
Lick, Sandy, Wilding, Belgrove, Odaville, Silverton and
Kentuck. Kanawha : near Pocataligo, Blandon and Gazil.
Lewis : near Vadis, Camden, Walkersville and Aberdeen,
Lincoln : near Hamlin. Mercer : near Princeton and New
Hope. McDowell : near Squire Jim. Monroe : near Cash-
mere and Johnson's X Roads. Mason : near New Haven,
Grimm's Landing and Maggie. Marion : near Canton, Farm-
ington, Eldora, Barracksville, Hoult and Gray's Flat. Mon-
ongalia : near Morgantown. Putnam : near Hurricane, Para-
dise, Carpenters and Confidence. Pleasants : near New Heb-
ron. Preston : near Masontown, Eglon and Amblersburg.
Ritchie : near Ritchie C. H. Berea and Cornwallis. Ran-
dolph : near Florence and Lee Bell. Roane : near Pencil,
Newton, Looneyville, Clio, Reedy and Countsville. Raleigh :
near Table Rock, Egeria and Raleigh C. H. Summers : near
Forest Hill, Talcott, Clayton and Indian Mills. Taylor : near
Knottsville, Thornton, Grafton and Meadland. Tyler : near
Wick and Long Reach. Tucker : near Texas, St. Georges
and Hendricks. Upshur: near Lawrence, Overhill, Fver-
green, French Creek and Hemlock. Wayne : near Adkin's
Mills and Egypt. Wetzel : near New Martinsville. Wirt :
near EHzabeth, Burning Springs, Reedy Ripple and Lee.
Wood : near Blennerhassett and Kanawha Station. Web-
ster : near Replete, and Welch Glade.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 205

A. ViRGINICUS L.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (NnttaU). Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Barbour: near Tygart Junction
(Greenman, 37).

CHRYSOPOGON Trin.
C. NUTAS (L.) Benth. Indian grass. Wood grass.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Barbour: near Ty-
gart Junction (Greenman, 39).

SORGHASTRUM Nash.

S. AVENACEUM (Miclix.) Nash. (Chrysopogoii Michx.).

Dry fields, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
Fayette: near Ouinnimont (Pollard & Ma.voii, 36).

PASPALUAI Linn.

P. MUCRONATUM Muhl.

In wet places. Kanawha: at the Salinas (Holtoii).

P. MUHLENBERGII Nash.

In dry or stony places. Monongalia : near Alorgantown
(Grout).

P. SETACEUM Michx.

Sandy soils. Monongalia : at the end of the Hogback,
Decker's Creek, near Morgantown (Millspaiigh).
P. LAEVE Michx.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Kanawha: at Wash-
ington's Burning Springs near the Kanawha salinas (Hol-

tOfl).

P. LAEVE piLosuM Scribu.

Wyoming: along Horse and Hound Creeks, alt. 1,100 to
1,200 feet., near Baileysville (Morris, 1284).

SYNTHERISMA Walt.

S. LINEARIS (Krock.) Nash.

Fields and waste places, Preston : near Aurora {Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).
S. SANGUiNALis (L.) Dulac. Crabgrass, Crowfoot grass
(Paniciim L.).

Cultivated and waste grounds, common throughout the
State.

PANICUM Linn.

P. DiCHOTOMiFLORUM Michx. (P. geuieulatitni Ell., prolifcrum
Lam.).

Moist grounds along streams. Monongalia : near Mor-
gantown and Ufifington (Millspaugh : Post). Preston: near

206 THE VVliST X'lRGlNIA FLORA

Aurora (Steele). Randolph: at Tygart's Valley (/. D.
Smith; Greeninan, 8i). Tucker: near Parsons {Green-
man, 54). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

P. FLEXILE (Gattinger) Scribn. (F. capillar e canipestre Gatt.).
Dry fields. Monroe: Peters ]\Tountain (Steele, 281).

P. Gattingeri Nash. (P. capillar e canipestre Gatt.).

Dry fields. Alonongalia : on a sterile hillside up Falling
Run beyond the University ( Millspau-gh; Sheldon, 3084).
Preston: near Aurora (Steele).

P. Philadelphicum Bernh.

Dry, open ground. Preston: near Aurora (Steele). Wy-
oming: near Baileysville (Morris, 1283). Monongalia : near
Morgantown (Sheldon,, 3083). Randolph: gravelly bed of
Shavers Fork near Parsons (Greennian, 42).

P. capillare Linn. Ticklegrass.

Dry fields. Monongalia : near Morgantown, and Green-
brier: near White Sulphur Springs (Millspaugh). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Niittall). Monroe: near Old Sweet
Springs (Steele, 243). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). Randolph: near Huttonsville and along the Black-
water River near Hendricks (Greennian, 84, 51).

P. VIRGATUM Linn.

Moist sandy soils. Monongalia : streets of Morgantown
where it seems to flourish, between the bricks of walks,
the better the more it is trodden upon ; and Mason : banks of
the Ohio River near Point Pleasant (Millspaugh). Tucker:
near Parsons (Greennian, 47). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Randolph: along the Blackwater River near
Hendricks (Greennian, 47).

P. AGROSTOiDES Spreng.

Wet meadows. Monongalia : below the mouth of Falling
Run near Morgantown, Kanawha : near Allen's Fork, and
LTpshur : near Lorentz (Millspangli). Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (AUtttall). Wyoming: at the edge of thickets along
Horse and Hound Creeks, near Baileysville (Morris, 1277).
Barbour: near Tygart Junction (Greennian, 57).

P. STIPITATUM Nash.

Moist soils. Taylor: near Grafton ( Guttenberg; J. D.
Smith). Monongalia: near Sabraton (Sheldon, 2689).

P. ANCEPS Michx.

Moist sandy soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (ynttall).
Nicholas: at Richwood (H. H. Smith, 1745).

P. DEPAUPERATUM Muhl.

Dry opens. Monongalia: at Roundbottoms (Millspangli).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
P. linearifoltum Scribn.

Dry wfods. Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Hitchcock).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 207

P. MICROCARPON Muhl.

Wet woods and swampy places. Monongalia : along the
Monongahela River {Millspaiigh, 198). Wyoming: near
Baileysville and McDowell: near Perryville {Morris, 1193,

1139)-
P. NiTiDUM Lam.

Moist grounds. Summers : along the edge of a meadow
at Bargers Spring (Morris, 984).
P. DiCHOTOMUM Linn.

Dry places. Fayette: (Morse) near Nuttallburg (Nntt-
all). Wyoming: near Baileysville (Morris, 1193a).
forma depauperata Vasey.

Dry sterile fields. Monongalia : up Falling Run beyond
the L'niversity (Mills pan gh) .

P. BARBULATUM Michx.

Sterile and rocky woods. McDowell : along Dry Fork
above Perryville, alt. 1,200 to 1.300 feet, and Wyoming:
along the Guyandotte River below Baileysville, alt. 1,100 ft.
(Morris, 11 39, 1193).
P. LuciDUM Ashe. (P. dichofomuui gracilc Torrey).

Wet bottoms, usually along runs. Wood : in a swampy
ditch near Kanawha Station. Wirt : in a weedy ditch near
Reedy Ripple and in a spring rill in rich woods near
Straight Creek. Randolph : in a cold rill in deep woods on
Point Mountain, alt. 3,200 feet ( Millspaugli).
P. LiNDHEiMERi Nash.

Sterile grounds. Summers: near Bargers Spring (Morris,
984).
P. HuACHUCAE siLvicoLA Hitclic. & Chase. (P. diclwtoiiiiini
fasciculatum Man.)

Drv open places. Monongalia and Marion: along the
railroad { Millspaugh) \ near Morgantown and Fairmont
(Hitchcock, 136-7).
P. Tennesseense Ashe.

Op'en' moist places and borders. Monongalia and Marion:
along the j\Ionongahela River (Millspaugh, 188, 197). Fay-
ette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 22).
P. viLLosissiMUM Nash. (P. pubescens Lam.).

Damp places. Lewis: along Leading Creek (Millspaugh).

P. tsugetorum Nash.

Sandy woods. Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Hitch-
cock, 135).

P. polyanthes Schult.

Damp places. Wyoming : shaded banks of the Guyandot
River near Bailevsville, alt. 1,100 feet (Morris, 1186).

2o8 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. AsHEi Pearson.

Dry rocky woods. Monongalia: at Tibbs Run (Sheldon,
566). Fayette (Kellerman, 6901). Summers: in Oak and
Beech woods near Bargers Spring (Morris, 977).

P. COMMUTATUM Scliult.

Woods and copses. Fayette: (Kellerman, 6902).
P. CLANDESTiNUM Linn. Deer Tongue Grass.

Damp meadows. Monongalia: near Morgantown (Mills-
paiigh, Hitchcock). Preston: near Aurora (Steele). Up-
shur: near School House Summit (MillspaugJi). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Millspaugh, Kellerman). Summers:
near Riffe, and Monroe: near Wolf Creek (Millspaugh).
P. LATiFOLiuM Linn.

Rocky and sandy woods. Preston: near Aurora (Steele).

Pocahontas: near Marlinton (Kellerman, 6899).

P. Boscii Poir. (P. Porterianum Nash.)

Woodlands. Monongalia : near Little Falls, Wirt : near

Burning Springs, Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs

{Millspaugh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Niiftall).

ECHINOCHLOA Beauv.

E. Crus-galli (L.) Beauv. (Panicum Linn.)

Ditches and waste grounds. Monongalia : near Morgan-
town, Summers : near Hinton, and Greenbrier : near White
Sulphur Springs( Millspaugh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).
E. Walter: (Pursh) Nash.

Ditches. Monongalia : along the railroad near Little Falls
(Millspaugh) .

CHAETOCHLOA Scribn.
(Set aria, Beauv. 181 2.)

C. GLAUCA (L.) Scribn. Fox-tail Grass.

Common throughout the State, especially in stubble fields.
C. iMBERBis (Poir.) Scribn.

In moist soils, Preston : near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
C. viRiDis (L.) Scribn.

Roadsides and cultivated fields. Jackson : near Sandyville,
and on Limestone Ridge.
C. Italica (L.) Scribn.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Webster: at
Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith, 1738).

CENCHRUS, L.

C. tribuloides L. Hedgehog Grass. Bur-grass.

Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Mert:; & Guttenberg).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 20g

HOMALOCENCHRUS Mie- (1768).
(Leersia, Swartz. 1788.)

H. A'iRGiNicus (W'illd.), Britten. White Grass. (Leersia Jlr-

giiiica, Willd.)

Wet places. Monongalia : near Beechwoods and Little

Falls. Fayette: near Niittallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near

Aurora (il/r. & Mrs. Steele). Randolph: near Huttonsville

(Grecntnan, 82).
H. ORYZoiDEs (L.) Poll. Rice Cut-grass. (Leersia ory:;oides,

Swartz.).

Wet grounds. Nicholas : in Collett's Glade. Fayette :

near Nuttallburg (Xiittall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr.

& Mrs. Steele).

PHALARIS, L.

P. ARUXDiNACEA L. Reed Canary-grass.

Wet places. Wood, in a spring rill near Kanawha Sta-
tion.
P. Canariensis Linn.

Established at Morgantown. Monongalia County (Shel-
don, 3=^98).

ARISTIDA, L.

A. DiCHOTOMA, Michx. Poverty Grass.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg ^Nuttall). Preston: near Au-
rora'(Mr. & Mrs. Steele)^.
A. OLIGANTHA Michx. Triplc-awued Grass.

Dry banks. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes).
A. LANOSA Muhl. (A. lanata Poir.)

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Xiittall).

A. GRACILIS Ell.

Alonongalia : dry soils at Morgantown (Sheldon).

ANTHOXANTHUM Linn.

A. ODORATUM Linn.

Established rather extensively about Morgantown, ]\ron-
ongalia County (Sheldon).

^IILIU^I Linn.

M. EFFUSUM Linn.

Pocahontas: in Cranberry Glades (Sheldon, 3863).

MUHLENBERGL'X, Schreber.

M. soBOLiFERA (]\Iuhl.) Triu.

Favette : near Nuttallburg (Xnttall).

2IO THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

M. Mexicana (L.) Trin.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall). Monongalia: on
campus, Morgantown {j\Iillspaugh). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Randolph: banks of Dry Fork near
Harman (Greenman, 46).
M. SYLVATiCA (Torn), Torr. & Gray.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Ntittall).
M. DIFFUSA, Schreb. Nimble Will.

Dry ground. Monongalia : along Decker's Creek. Fay-
ete: Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele). Randolph: near Elkins (Greenman, 80).

BRACHYELYTRUM, Beauv.

B. ERECTUM (Schreb.) Beauv. (B. aristatum, Beauv.)

Rocky woods. Webster : near Welch Glade. Tucker :
near the Falls of Blackwater. Fayette : near NiUtallburg
(Nuttall).
Var. GLABRATUM, Vascy, in Millsp. Vxq\. Cat. Fl. W. \'a., 469.

A new variety discovered by Mr. L. W. Nuttall. It
agrees with the species except that it is perfectly smooth,
and has an awn-pointed second glume which is about one-
half the length of the flowering glume. Its most striking
peculiarity is that it has invariably two culms from each
rootstock.

High, rocky woods. Fayette : near Nuttalburg, rare
(Nuttall).

PHLEUM, L.

P. PRATENSE, L. Timothy.

A common escape from cultivation throughout the State.
Found even in the forests of the highest Alleghanies.

SPOROBOLUS R. Br.
S. NEGLECTUS Nash.

In drv places. Upshur: near French Creek (Sheldon.
2173).
S. VAGiNAEFLORus (Torr.) Wood.

In dry soils. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
Monongalia: near Morgantown (C. F. Sheldon).

CINNA. L..

C. LATiFOLiA (Trev.) Griseb. (C. pendula Trin.).

Pocahontas : valley of the East Fork of the Greenbrier
River (Greenman, 88).
C. ARUNDiNACEA L. W^ood Reed-grass.

Wet places. Randolph : along Tygart's A' alley River
near Huttonsville. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

WEST VIRGINIA GKOLOGICAL SURVEY 211

AGROSTIS, L.
A. INTERMEDIA Scribn.

In dry soils, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
A. ALTissiMA (Walt.) Tuckerman.

Sandy moist places, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).
A. ALBA L. White Bent-grass, (incl. var. vulgaris (With. Thurb.)
Meadows and fields. A frequent escape in the western
counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
A. CANINA L.

On shaded banks of the Guyandotte River below Baileys-
ville, Wyoming County, altitude, i,ioo feet, August 13, 1900
(Morris, 1197).
Forma, aristata. Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 470.

Damp meadowlands. Monongalia : along Falling Run
(Millspaugh, 244). Wyoming: near Baileysville (Morris,
1197).
A. PERENNANS (Walt.), Tuckemi. Thin Grass.

Damp, shady places. Randolph : along Cheat River in
clearings. Monongalia : near Little Falls. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).
A. HYEMALis (Walt.), B. S. P. Hair Grass. A. Scabra, Willd.
Moist fields. Preston : near Terra Alta. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CALAMAGROSTIS Adans.
C. ciNNOiDES (Muhl.) Scribn.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

HOLCUS, L.
H. LANATUS L. Velvet Grass. "Old White Top." "Feather
Grass."

Frequent in damp meadows. Monongalia : along the F.
M. & P. R. R. Upshur : near Faurentz. Randolph : along
Tygart's Valley River. Grant : near Bayard. Nicholas : in
Collett's Glade. Fayette : near Hawk's Nest, and Kanawha
Falls (James); Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph: at Pick-
ens (H. H. Smith, 1390).

ARRHENATHERUM, Beauv.
A. ELATius (L.) Beauv. Oat Grass. (A. avenaceum, Beauv.)
Fields and yards. Monongalia, abundant and becoming a
nuisance.

The lower campus (half orchard) that yielded a good
crop of Orchard-grass last season, was almost completely

212 THE WEST VIRGINIA ELORA

this species this year. Our analysis of this grass shows a
nutritive ratio of only i :<S.i3. Fayette: near Nuttallhurg
(Niittall).

A VENA Linn.
A. FATUA Linn.

Established at Morgantown, Monongalia County {Shel-
don, 4309).

DANTHONUA, DC.

D. spicATA (L.) Beauv. Wild Oat-grass.

Dry soil. Monongalia : near Beechwoods and Little Falls.
Randolph : on a dry boulder, summit of Point Mountain,
alt. 3,750 feet. Fayette: near Nuttallhurg (Nnttall).

D. coMPRESSA^ Austin.

Dry banks. Tucker : near the Falls of Blackwater. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallhurg (AUittall). Randolph: near Pickens
(H. H. Smith, 1355) r

SPARTINA, Schreb.

S. CYNOSUROiDES (L.) WiUd. Fresh-water Cord-grass.

Ohio: on Bogg's Island (Merta & Gnttenbcrg). Bar-
bour: near Tygart Junction (Grccniiiau, 43). Fayette:
near Nuttallhurg (Nnttall).

ELEUSINE Gsertn.

E. Indica (L.), Gaertn. Dog's Tail or Wire Grass.

Yards and streets. Kanawha : near Cannellton. Mon-
ongalia : near Morgantown. Mason : near Point Pleasant.
Berkeley : near Martinsburg. Favette : near Nuttallhurg
(Nut fail).

DACTYLOCTENIUM Willd.

D. Aegyptium (L.) Willd. Crab-grass. Yard-grass.
Yards and lawns. Monongaha ; on the campus.

TRICUSPIS Beauv.

T. seslerioides (Michx.) Torrey. Tall Red Top. Triodia
cuprea ]. F. Jacq.

Dry or sandy fields. Monongalia near Little Falls. Wood :
near Selden. Fayette: near Nuttallhurg (Nuttall).

PHRAGMITES Trin.

P. Phragmites (L.) Karst.

In wet places. Kanawha: near Charleston (Holt on).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 2I3

ERAGROSTIS,, Beauv.

E. HYPNOiDES (Lam.), B. S. P. E. reptans, Nees.

Shores of rivers. Summers : along New River near Hin-
ton. Kanawha: at the Salinas {Holton). Wood: along
the Ohio River near Parkersburg. ]\Iason : near Point Pleas-
ant. Ohio: near Wheeling {Mertz & Guttciihcrg).
E. Eragrostis (L.) Karst. E. minor Host.

Waste places. Mason: near Point Pleasant (Millspaugh).
E. major. Host.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Xiittall).
E. PILOSA (L.), Beauv.

Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Mertz & Gitttenberg).
Fayette : near Nuttallburg (N'littall) ; near Hawks Nest
(Holton). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
E. Purshii, Schrader.

Sterile or sandy soils. Monongalia ; near Little Falls,
and on the campus.
E. CAPiLLARis (L.), Nees.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
E. Frankii, ste'ud.

Shores of rivers. Summers : along New River near Hin-
ton (M ills p ail gh). Randolph: near Huttonsville (Green-
man, 83).
E. PECTiNACEA (Michx.) Stcud.

Monongalia: dry soils near Morgantown (Slicldon).

EATONL\ Raf.

E. OBTUSATA (Michx.), Gray.

Rich woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Xnttall.)
E. Pennsylvanica (DC.), Gray.

Moist opens. Monongalia : near Beechwoods and on the
campus.
E. NiTiDA (Spreng.) Nash.

Dry woods. Monongalia : near Tibbs Run (Sheldon, 625).

MELICA L.

M. MUTicA, Walt.

Rich soil. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Xnttall).

KORYCARPUS, Zea (1806).

(Diarrhena, Beauv. 1812.)
K. DiANDRUS (Michx.) Kuntze. (K. Americana Kuntze.)

Shaded liver banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Xnttall).

214 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

UNIOLA L.

U. LATIFOLIA^ Michx.

Shady places: Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

DACTYLIS L.
D. GEOMERATA L. Orchard Grass.

Fields and meadows. Common throughout, especially
in shady places.

CYNOSURUS Linn.
C. CRi STATUS Linn.

Established at Morgantown, Monongalia County (Sheldon,
1617).

POA L.

P. ANNUA L. Low Spear-grass.

Ohio: near Wheeling {Mcrtz & Guttenberg). Fayette'
near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
P. COMPRESSA L. Wire Grass.

Sterile soil in crevices of rocks. Plentiful throughout
the State.
Forma depauperata, Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 472.

On rocks. Monongalia : along Falling Run, especially
at the cascade.
P. PRATENSis L. Blue Grass.

Dry soils and meadows. Common throughout the State,
even in the higher Alleghanies.
P. TRiviALis L. Roughish Meadow-grass.

Moist meadows. Monongalia : along the Monongahela
at Little Falls.
P. SYLVESTRis Gray.

Ohio: near Wheeling {Mert:: & Guttenberg).
P. ALSODES Gray.

Hillside woods. Monongalia : along Day Creek near Lit-
tle Falls. Fayette: near Nuttallburg "^(iVw^/a//).
P. AUTUMNALis Muhl. P. flexuosa Muhl.

Tyler : near Long Reach.

P. BREVIFOLIA Muhl.

Ohio: Woods Run near Wheeling (Merts & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

PANICULARIA Fabr. (1763)

(Glyceria, R. Br. 1810.)

P. Canadensis (Michx.) Kuntze.

Woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 21 5

P. ToRREYANA ( Spreng. ) Men-. {P. chngata Kuntze).

Wet woods. Webster: along the ridge of Buffalo Bull
Mountain. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
P. NERVATA (Wind.) Kuntze. Foul Meadow-grass.

Moist meadows. Common throughout.
Foniia MAJOR. Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 473.

Monongalia : sand bars in Monongahela River near Little
Falls.
P. MELicARiA (Michx.) Hitchcoclv.

Fields, Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1374).

FESTUCA L.
F. oviNA Linn.

Waste grounds. ^lonongalia : near Morgantown (Shel-
don, 1588).
F. OCTOFLORA Walt. (/7. f^„^//^^ Willd.)

Dry open woods. Wirt: hills above Burning Springs.
F. ELATioR L. Meadow Fescue. (F. pratensis Huds.)

Fields. Monongalia: near Beechwoods. Fayette: near
Kanawha River (James); near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
. Aleadows. Wood : near Kanawha Station, and elsewhere
frequent.
F. NUTANS Willd.

Rocky woods. Randolph : on dry boulder, summit of
Rich Mountain. Webster: roadsides near Long Glade.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (iVw/^a//).

BROMUS L.
B. HORDEACEus L. Soft Chess. (B. mollis L.)

Wheat fields and waste grounds. Monongalia: on the
campus.
B. SECALiNUS L. Cheat or Chess.

Wheat fields and waste places. A too common nuisance.
B. RACEMOsus L. Upright Chess.

Fields common throughout the State.
B. iNERMis Leyss.

Established at ^lorgantown, Monongalia County (Shel-
don, 1587).

B. CILIATUS L.

River banks. Wood: along the Little Kanawha River
near Kanawha Station. Monongalia : along the Mononga-
hela near Little Falls. Randolph : near Huttonsville (Green-
man, 85).

AGROPYRON J. Gaertn.
A. REPENS (L.) Beauv.

Established at Morgantown, Monongalia County (Shel-
don, 4133)-

2i6 THE vvi-:sT Virginia flora

LOLIUAL L.

L. Italicum a. Br.

Common on lawns, ^[arion: at Fairmont { Boutloii). Up-
shur: near French Creek {F. E. Brooks).

L. PERENNE L. Darnel. Rye Grass. English Blue Grass.

Lawns, introduced with "Lawn Grass Seed." Monon-
galia: at Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Niittall).

ELYMUS L.

E. ViRGiNicus L. Virginia Wild-rye.

River banks. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertc & Giittcnbcrg).
Mason : near Point Pleasant. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

E. Canadensis, glaucifolius (Muhl.) Gray.

Dry banks and roadsides. Kanawha : along 8-Mile Creek.
Mason : near Point Pleasant. Fayette : near Nuttallburg

{Nuttall).

E. striatus Willd.

Rocky banks. Monongalia : along the ^lonongahela River
below Morgantown.

Var. \'iLLosus Gray.

Monongalia : banks of the Monongahela below Morgan-
town.

E. HiRSUTiGLUMis Scribu. & Sm.

River banks. Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).

E. iNTERMEDius Scribn. & Smith.

Tucker : banks of the Blackwater River near Hendricks ;
and Pocahontas : East Fork of the Greenbrier River near
Travelers Repose {Grcounan, 56, 89).

HYSTRIX Moench. (1794).

(Asprella, Willd. 1809.)

H. Hystrix (L.) Millsp. Bottle-rush Grass.

Moist woodland banks. Scattering in Wood, Wirt, Cal-
houn, Gilmer, Lewis, Upshur, Monongalia, Randolph, Web-
ster and Nicholas counties. Fayette : along the Gauley River ;
near Gauley Mountains; near Nuttallburg; near Kanawha
Falls (/fl/urj-). Summers : near Hinton. Mason : near Point
Pleasant. Harrison : near Lumberport.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 21/

CYPERACEAE.

CYPERUS L.
C. RivuLARis Kunth.

Tucker: bed of Shavers Fork near Parsons {Greenman,
130).
C. ovuLARis (Michx.) Torrey.

Dry fields. Mason :near Point Pleasant {Sheldon, 1943).
C. FLAVESCENS L. Galingale.

Low grounds. Monongalia and Alarion : along the Mon-
ongahela River. Mason : near Point Pleasant. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). Tucker: bed of Shavers Fork near Parsons and
Railroad ditch near Hendricks {Greeiiiiian, 123, 124).
C. DiANDRUS Torr.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Preston: near Au-
rora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
C. ESCULENTUS L. Edible Galingale.

Preston: near Rowlesburg {Merts & Guttenberg). Pres-
ton: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
C. STRiGOSUS L. Lank Galingale.

Low grounds. Jackson : near Sandyville. Monongalia :
near Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora {Air. & Mrs. Steele). Tucker: bed
of Shavers Fork near Parsons {Greenman, 125).
C. REFRACTUS Engclm.

Fayette: near Hawk's Nest {T. C. Porter).
C. RETROFRACTUS (L.) Torr.

Along the Guyandot River below Baileysville, Wyoming
County, altitude 1,100 feet, August 18, 1900 {Morris, 1236a).
C. Lancastriensis Porter.

Summers : shores of New River, near Hmton.

C. FILICULMIS Vahl.

Along the Guyandot River below Baileysville, Wyoming
County, altitude 1,100 feet {Morris, 1267). Mason: near
Point Pleasant {Sheldon, 1940).

KYLLINGA Rott.
K. puviiLA Michx.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall); opposite Gauley
Junction {Eggleston, 5528).

DULICHIUM L. C. Richard.

D. arundinaceum (L.) Britton. D. spathaceum Fers.

Along streams. Randolph : Tygart's A'^alley River near
Huttonsville {Millspaitgh, Greenman, 92). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg {Nuttall). ^

2l8 THE WKST VIRGINIA FLORA

ELEOCHARIS R. Br.

E. TUBERCULOSA (Michx.) R. & S.

Sands of New River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all).
E. ovATA (Roth.) R. & S. {E. obtusa Schult.)

Wet places. Fayette : along turnpike opposite Gauley
Junction (Eggleston, 5527-6). Randolph: near Pickens (H.
H. Smith, 1362). Muddy places. Upshur: near Buck-
hannon. Randolph : Tygart's Valley River. Fayette : near
Kanawha Falls (James) ; near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Pres-
ton: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steel). Monongalia: near
Morgantown (Sheldon, 675). Randolph: Tygarts Valley
River, near Elkins and Huttonsville ; and Tucker : near Par-
sons (Greennian, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108).
E. PALUSTRIS (L.) R. & S.

Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttcnhcrg). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) :
Var. GLAUCESCENS (Willd.) Gray.

Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Mertz & Guttenhcrg).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
E. TENUIS (Willd.) Schult. "Kill Cow." "Poverty Grass."
Damp places, abundant everywhere.

Note. — The above names are applied along Tygart's Val-
ley River, where in places this species grows so abundant as
to take whole fields, and as cattle will not thrive upon it,
these names suggested themselves.
E. ACICUI.ARIS (L.) R. & S.

Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Mcrta & Guttenbcrg).

E. TRicosTATA Torrey.

In wet places. Monongalia: along Tibbs Run (Sheldon,

595)-

FIMBRISTYLIS Vahl.

F. AUTUMN ALis (L.) Roem. & Schult.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

SCIRPUS, L.

S. Americanus Pers. 6^. pungens Vahl.

Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Mertz & Guttenhcrg).
S. vALiDus Vahl. (S. lacustris Am. auth.).

Tucker: bank of Shavers Fork, near Parsons (Greenman,
121). Glady places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall)?
S. DEBiLis Pursh.

Wet places. Tucker : bed of Shavers Fork, near Parsons
(Greenman, 69).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 2I9

S. SYLVATICUS L.

Glady places. Fa3'ette : near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

S. ATROVIRENS, IMuhl.

Boggy places. Monongalia : along the Monongahela
River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph:
near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1394).
.S. POLYPHYLLus Vahl.

Randolph: along Tygart's Valley River; near Pickens
{H. H. Smith, 1393) ; near Harman (Greenman, 117).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg ( Millspaugh) .
S. LINEATUS Michx. Cotton Grass.

Low grounds. Monongalia : along Falling Run, above
the campus.
S. cYPERiNus (L) Kunth. Wool Grass.

Wet meadow lands. Monongalia, frequent. Upshur :
near Buckhannon. Webster : in Long Glade. Kanawha :
up 8-Mile Creek. Tucker : bank of Shavers Fork, near Par-
sons; and Randolph: top of main ridge of the Alleghany
Mountains opposite Spruce Knob (Greenman, 118, 120).
S. Eriophorum Michx.

Low, wet places. Barbour : near Tygart Junction ( Green-
man, 326).

ERIOPHORUM L.
E. Virginicum L.

Damp places. Fayette : near Nuttallburg. Preston : near
Cranberry Summit (Alert.': & Giittenberg) ; near Aurora
(Adr. & Mrs. Steele).

RYNCHOSPORA, Vahl.

R. GLOMERATA (L.) Vahl. Beak-rush.

Low grounds. Webster : Upper Glade. Monongalia :
near Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Pocahontas:
near Travelers Repose (Greenman, 122). Tucker: banks
of the Blackwater River near Hendricks (Greenman, 12^).

CAREX L.

C. FOLLICULATA L.

Margins of streams. Tucker : near Falls of Blackwater.

C. INTUMESCENS RudgC.

Wet places. Fayette : near Nuttallburg. Tucker : near

Falls of Blackwater. Randolph : in Blister Swamp near

Gandy Creek (Greenman, 58). Preston: near Terra Alta.

C. Asa-Grayi Bailey. Gray's Sedge. (G. Grayi Carey).

Meadows and copses. Upshur: near Beech Fork.

220 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. LUPL'LiNA, ]\hihl. Hop Sedge.

Wet places. Upshur : near Laurentz (Millspaitgh). Ran-
dolph: near Huttonsville {Greenman, 60).

C. UTRICULATA BoOtt.

In a meadow at Bargers Spring, Summers County, alti-
tude 1,500 feet, July 13, 1900 {Morris, 995).
C. LURiDA Wahl. Pale Sedge. (C. tentaciila, Muhl.)

Swampy spots. Monongalia : along Falling Run. Wood :
near Lockhart's Run. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Randolph: Dry Fork River, near Harman {Greenman, 61).
Randolph: near Pickens {H. H. Smith, 1352).
C. Baileyi Britton. Slender, Pale Sedge.

On mossy boulders. Webster : along Buffalo Bull Moun-
tain, alt. 2,575 feet. Tucker : near Falls of Blackwater.
C. Frankii Kunth. (C. stenolepis Torr.)

Damp meadows. Monongalia : along Falling Run. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
C. squarrosa L.

River banks. Monongalia : mouth of Falling Run. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
C. TYPHNOiDES Schwcin.

Banks of the Ohio river near Point Pleasant, ^lason Co
{A. Lee Post 1725). Monongalia: near Morgantown {Shel-
don 3582).
C. Shortiana Dewey.

Ohio: near ^^lleeling {Merts, 3320).
C. stricta Lam.

Sphagnum Swamp. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
C. torta Boott.

Cold, damp places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
C. prasina Wahl.

Favette : bed of Keeney's Creek, near Nuttallburg {A'litt-
all).^
C. CRiNiTA Lam.

Damp swales. General throughout the State even in the
higher mountains.
C. CRiNiTA X C. PRASINA ? Bailey in Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va.
460.

Fayette: along a run in Sugar Camp Hollow {Nuttall).
C. VIRESCENS Muhl.

Banks and copses. Wood : near Lockhart's Run.
C. cosTELLATA Brittou. ( C. virescens costata Dew.)

Banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Preston:
near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
C. TRICEPS Michx.

Dry pastures. Wood : near Kanawha Station. Fayette :
woodland border of swamp near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 221

C. TENUIS Riidge. (C dcbilis Rudgci Bailey.)

On mossy boulders. Randolph : summit of Rich Mountain,
alt. 2,850 ft. ; undrained meadows of Tygart's Valley River ;
Point Mountain, on perfectly dry rock, alt. 3,650 ft.

A very common sedge in the mountains on mossy boulders
and along runs. Beautiful growths occur all along the Black-
water Fork of Cheat. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Niittall.)
C. OBLiTA Stend. (C venusta minor Boeck.)

Fayette: near Masterton's Swamp, Nuttallburg (Nuttall.)

C. OLIGOCARPA Schk.

Rich hillsides; Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts, 3257).
C. HiTCHCOCKiANA Dcwcy.

Ohio: near Wheeling (Mcrtc).

C. GRACILLIMA Schw.

Low grounds. Tucker : near Falls of Blackwater. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. AMPHiBOLA Stend. (C. grisca augustifolia Boott).

Fayette: on banks near Nuttallburg (Xuttall).

C. GLAUCODEA Tuck.

Meadows; Fayette: near Nuttallburg (AUittoll).

C. GRANULARIS Muhl.

Monongalia : in a damp meadow near Morgantown (Shel-
don 3588).
C. LAxiFLORA Lam.

Ohio : on Thomas Hill near Wheeling. Greenbrier : near
White Sulphur Springs (Heller, 1314).
Var. LATiFOLiA Boott.

Deep woods. ^Monongalia : banks of Day Creek. W^irt :
banks of Straight Creek. Favette : near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all).
Var. PATULiFOLiA (Dewey) Carey.

Fayette: shady bank, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. DIGITALIS, Willd.

In deep woods. Grant : near Bayard. Favette : near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall).

C. LAXICULMIS Schw.

Glady places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall),
C. PLATYPHYLLA Carey.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

C. PLANTAGINEA Lam.

Rich wood. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. VARiA Aluhl.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. Pennsylvanica Lam.

Ohio : near Wheeling ( Mcrt~ & Guttcnhcrg). Greenbrier :
near White Sulphur .Springs (Heller. 829).

222 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. FEDiCELLATA (Dewcy) BrittOH. (C. conimunis Bailey).

Fayette: dry soil under cliffs, near Nuttallburg (Nitttall).
C. Jamesii Schwein.

Fayette: open woods near Nuttallburg (Nnttall).
C. roLYTRicHoiDES Willd. ' (C leptalea Wahl.)

Fayette: sphagnvim swamp near Nuttallburg (Nutlall).
C. Fraseri And. Frazer's Sedge.

The following remarks of Prof. T. C. Porter render it
evident that this rare and odd sedge came originally from
Randolph or Barbour county, each of which lies between the
headwaters of the two Kanawhas :

"Muhlenberg, in his Descriptio ubcrior Graminum, etc.,. p.
265, under C. lagopus ?, which is C. Fr-aseri, Andrews, adds
these words, 'Habitat in Tyger- Valley, Pennsylvania, eunde
siccam hahco et vivani.' Kin, the German gardner who col-
lected in Pennsylvania, brought it home, and his label reads
thus : 'Deigher VValli in der Wilternus.' Dr. Gray haj
shrewdly conjectured that by 'Deigher Walli,' or Tygert Val-
ley, is meant Tygart's Vallev, which lies further south in
Virginia." In a footnote. Prof. Porter adds "a box contain-
ing the Carices of Muhlenberg has just been discovered
(1877) in the herbarium of the Academy, Philadelphia, and
the label attached to the specimens of Kin's collection places
Tyger Valley 'prope amnem Kenahway.' "

As the two Kanawhas lie entirely within the State of
West Virginia, there seems to be little doubt as to the pro-
priety of including this species in this Flora.

Since writing the above Mr. Nuttall has found a plentiful
station for this species near Nuttallburg in the Great Kana-
wha region.
C. STiPATA Muhl.

Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nnttall). Mercer: near Bluefield.
C. vuLPiNOiDEA Michx.

Monongalia : along Falling Run. Wirt : near Burning
Spring. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall). Randolph:
near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1357).
C. ROSEA Schk.

Fayette: R. R. bank near Nuttallburg (Nnttall).
Var. RADiATA Dewey.

Open places. Monongalia : near Round Bottom. Wirt :
along Straight Creek. Randolph : on Point Mountain, alt.
3,450 ft.; also on a dry rock, alt. 3,650 ft. (Millspaugh) ;
western slope of the main ridge of the Alleghany Mountains
above Horton (Greenman, 116). Fayette: cliffs, rocks and
banks, near Nuttallburg (Nnttall).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 223

C. RETROFLEXA Muhl.

Fayette: Swampy place near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

C. SPARGANIOIDES Muhl.

Fayette: wet open banks near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
C. lAIuKLENBERGii Schk., z^ar.^Bailey in Millsp. Prel. Cab. Fl.
An nitermediate between the type and variety enervis, Mc
Bailey. Randolph : .on an undrained meadow along- Tyeart's
Valley River, near Cricard. ' t, .rs

Var. Xalapensis (Kth.) Britton.

Opens. Lewis : along- Leading Creek.
C. cephalophora Muhl.

Fayette: banks near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. brunescens (Pers.) Poir.

Pendleton : on Spruce Knob, alt. 4,860 ft. (A. B Brooks
3307).
C. Brunnescens gracilior Britton. (C. canescensvulgarisBTiWey).
On a dry conglomerate rock. Randolph : summit of Rich
Mountain, alt. 2,850 ft.
C. TRIBULOIDES Wahl.

In a springy rill. Wood : near Kanawha Station
Var. TURBATA Bailey.

Fayette: low copse near Nuttallburg (Nuttall)
C. scoPARiA Schk.

Open swales. Monongalia : along Falling Run. Fayette •
banks of river and in sphagnum bog near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all) ; dry glade, Alderson Farm (Nuttall).

C. STRAMINEA Willd.

Dry soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall)

C. SCABRATA Schwciu.

Randolph: in a mountain ravine near Whitmar (Green-
man, 59). ^

C. BicKNELLii Britton.

Monongalia: in dry soil near Tibb's Run (Sheldon 593).

A R A C E AE.

ARISAEMA Mart.
A. TRiPHYLLUM (L.), Torr. Jack-in-the-Pulpit.

Rich, damp woods. Common throughout the State
A. Dracontium (L.) Schott. Green Dragon.

Low grounds. Gilmer: near Glenvi'lle (Mapel).

SPATHYEMA Raf. (1808).
(Symplocarpus, Salisb. 1812.)
S. FOETiDA (L.),Raf. Skunk Cabbage.

Boggy meadows. Preston : near Terra Alta, ^lonongalia •
on the Dille farm.

224 '''!"■- Wi:ST \IRCINIA FLORA

Reported from : Brooke : near WellsbursT; and Fowlers.
Berkeley : near Martinsbiirg and Hedgesville. Barbour :
near Belington. Cabell : near Milton. Grant : near Medley,
Greenland, Mount Storm, Ad^aysville and Petersburg. Green
brier : near Trout Valley and Fort Spring. Hampshire : near
Slanesville and Capon Bridge. Harrison : near Lost Creek,
Bridgeport andj3ood Hope. Hardy : near Wardensville and
Old Fields. Hancock : near Fairview and New Cumberland.
Jefferson : near Kabletown and Summit Point. Jackson :
near Odaville. Lewis : near Walkersville. Mercer : near
New Bramwell and Princeton. Mason : near Maggie.
Mineral: near Blaine. Marion: near Gray's Flats. .Mar-
shall ; near St. Joseph and Glen Easton. Ohio : near West
Liberty. Pocahontas : near Lobelia. Pleasants : near Schultz.
Preston : near Terra Alta, Masontown, Eglon and Amblers-
burg. Randolph : near Lee Bell, Kerens and Cricard. Roane :
near Clio. Summers : near Talcott and Clayton. Taylor :
near Knottsville. Upshur : near Kanawha Haad and Hem
lock. Wayne : near Adkin's Mills. Wetzel : near Littleton,
Pine Grove and Blake. Wirt : near Burning Springs, Evelyn
and Reedy Ripple. Wood: near Rockport. \\ ebster : neai
Replete.

ACORUS L.
A. Calamus L. Calamus. Sweet-flag.

Swampy places. Lewis : along Stone Coal Creek. Ran-
dolph : near Valley Bend, Cricard, and on Point Mountain,
alt. 3,050 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapcl). Berkeley:
near Martinsburg.

^ ORONTIUM Linn.
O. AQUATicuM Linn. Golden Club.

In watery bogs and slow streams. Grant : in Abram Creek
(F. E. Brooks).

L E M N A C E AE.

LEMNA L.
L. MINOR L. Duck-weed.

Stagnant waters. Putnam : near Buffalo.

C O M M E L I N A C E AE.

TRADESCANTL\, L.
T. ViRGiNiANA L. Spiderwort.

Rich grounds. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes).
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapcl). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Wirt, along Straight Creek and near Burning
Springs. Hardy : near IMoorefield.

WEST XIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 225

T. PILOSA, Lehm. Hairy Spiderwort.

On boulders. Wirt : abundant beyond Burning Springs,
and along Straight Creek.

COMMELINA L.
C. ViRGiNicA L. Day Flower.

Damp opens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare {Nuttall).
Hardy: near Moorefield {A. B. Brooks).

J U N C A C E AE.

JUNCUS L.
J. EFFusus L. Soft Rush.

Marshy ground. Kanawha: near Charleston (James).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Common throughout.
Randolph: in Blister Swamp near Gaudy Creek (Greoimaii,
112).

J. SETACEUS Rostk.

Fayette: near Loup reek ( ?) [James).

J. MARGINATUS Rostk.

Aloist sandy soils. Kanawha: near Charleston (James).
Common throughout. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
J. TENUIS Willd. "Poverty Grass."

Roadsides and ditches. Abundant throughout the State.

J. TENUIS ANTHELATUS Wiegaud.

In reddish, clayey soil. Randolph : near Glady ( Green-
man, no).
J. ACUMiNATUS Michx.

Damp places. Monongalia and Marion : on the Monon-
gahela River. Webster : in Welch and Long Glades. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg (Millspaugli). Preston: near Aurora (Mr.
& Mrs. Steele).

J. NODOSUS L.

Fayette : near Nuttallburg (AUittall).
]. Canadensis J- Gay.

Monongalia : near Little Falls. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
]. BREVICAUDATUS (Eugelm.) Fernald.

Randolph : in a cold spruce swamp near "The Sink", Gaudy
Creek ; also at Glady ; and Pendleton : on the main ridge of
the Alleghany Mountains opposite Spruce Knob (Greenman.

115. 113)-
J. Canadensis subcaudatus Engelm.

Tucker : among rocks along the Blackwater River near
Hendricks, and along Shavers Fork near Parsons (Green-
man, 128, 129).

226 Till': WKsr \-ikginia flora

JUNCOIDES Adans.

J. SALTUENSis Heller. {Luzula saltucnsis Fernald, L. vcrnalis
Man. not DC. Juncoides pilosum Cpville not Kuntze.

Ohio: on Thomas's Hill near Wheeling {Mertz & Giittcn-
bcrg). Fayette : near Niittallburg- (Xuttall). Upshur: near
French Creek (F. E. Brooks).
J. CAMPESTRE (L.) Kuntze. (Liianla canipestris DC.)

Ohio: near Benwood (Merle & Guttcnberg). Tyler: near
Long Reach Fayette: near Nnttallburg [Xuttall). IMon-
ongalia : near jMorganlown.

M E L A N T H A C E AE.

CHAAIAELIRIUM Wiild.

C. LUTEUM (L.), Gray. Blazing Star. Devil's-bit.

Glades. Preston : near Terra Alta and Kingwood. Web-
ster : in Welsh, Long and CoUett's Glades. Gilmer : near
Glenville [Mapcl). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). Fayette: near Nnttallburg (Nntfall).

CHROSPERMA Raf. (1825)
(Amianthium, Gray 1837)
C. MUSCAETOXicuM (Walt.) Kuntze. Fly Foison.

Low rich grounds. Monongalia : Ice's Ferry. Preston :
near Terra Alta.

MELANTHIUM. L.
M. ViRGiNicuM L. Bunch-flower.

Glades. Preston : near Terra Alta and in Morgan's Glade.
Monongalia : glades near Booth's Creek. Webster : Second
Glade. Nicholas : Collett's Glade.
M. PARviFLORUM (Michx.), Watsou.

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Mertc & Gut-
tenberg).

VERATRUM L.
V. viRiDE, Ait. American White Hellebore.

Rich wet spots in deep mountain woods. Randolph : on
Point Mountain. Webster: Buffalo Bull Mountain. Grant
and Tucker : common along streams.

UVULARL^ L.

U. PERFOLIATA L. Bcllwort.

Rich woods. Marion and Monongalia: along the Monon-
gahela River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel, Prof. Brozvn).
Fayette: near Nnttallburg (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston, 4341).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 22/

U. SESSiLiFOLiA L. Ookesia sessilifolia (L.), Wats.

Low rich woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

Fayette: near Nuttallburg- (Nuttali). Mercer: near Beaver

Spr. Greenbrier: near \\'hite Sulphur Springs (Eggleston,

4361).
U. GRANDiFLORA J. E. Smith.

On a north slope in rich woods along Horsepen Creek be-
tween McDowell County, West Virginia, and Tazewell
County, Virginia, alt. i,goo ft., July 31, 1900 (Morris, iioo).
U. PUBERULA Michx.

In mountain woods. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur
Springs (Eggleston, 4358).

L I L I A C E AE.

HEMEROCALLIS L.
H. FULVA L. Day-lily. "Eve's Thread".

Roadsides and fields. A frequent escape from cultivation
Monongalia : near Morgantown and Cassville. Hampshire •
near Bloomery, where "it has become widely scattered by
ploughing."

ALLIUM L.

A. viNEALE L. Field Garlic.

Cultivated fields. Jefferson : a vile and abundant weed in
wheat fields. Monongalia : along the Monongahela below
Morgantown.

Reported as a weed from : Berkeley : near Oakton, Mar-
tinsburg and Hedgesville. Barbour : near Belington. Brax-
ton : near Lloydsville. Cabell : near Union Ridge. Dodd •
ridge : near Smithton. Grant : near Medley. Greenbrier •
near Trout Valley and White Sulphur Springs. Hamp-
shire : near Slanesville, Three Churches, Capon Bridge,
Bloomery, Dillon's Run, Higginsville and Springfield. Har-
rison : near Good Hope and Bridgeport. Hardy : near War-
densville and Moorefield. Jefferson : near Summit Point,
Mohler's. Leetown, Charlestown, Ripon, Middleway and
Kabletown. Jackson : near Sandy. Kanawha : near Blan-
don. Lincoln : near Hamlin. Mercer : near Princeton, and
Concord Qiurch. Marion : near Barracksville and Gray's
Flat. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Ohio : near West
Liberty. Preston : near Terra Alta, Reedsville, Amblersburg
and Independence. Ritchie : near Ritchie C. H. Roane :
near Walnut Grove. Summers : Talcott. Taylor : near
Knottsville, Thornton and Grafton. Upshur : near Kanawha
Head. Wayne : near Adkin's Mills. Wetzel : near Endi-
cott and Blake. Wirt : near Reedy Ripple. Wood : near
Waverly, Blennerhassett and Rockport.

228 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

A. TRicoccuM, Ait. Wild Leek. "Ramps."

Rich Mountain woods. Grant: near Bayard, alnmdant.
Tucker : abundant along Blackwater Fork of Cheat. Green-
brier : near White Sulphur Springs. Randolph : near Pick-
ens (//. H. Siiiitli) \ near the mountain top above Horton
(Grcciiina)i, 98). Ohio: near \\nieeling; and Upshur: near
Helvetia (Mert;:; & Giittcnbcri^).

A. CERNUUM Roth. Wild Onion.

Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg (Niittall). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertc &
Giittcnberg). Summers: near Hinton. Monongalia: near
Camp Eden, and banks of Decker's Creek.

A. Canadense L. Wild Garlic.

Ohio: near Wheeling {Mcrtz & Giitfcubcrg). Fayette*
near Loup Creek (James).

LILIUM L.

L. PiiiLADELPHicuM L. Wild Red Lily. "Glade Lily."

Dry or damp grounds. Monongalia : in Clinton District
(M. H. Brozun) near Stewartstown, and Ice's Ferry. Marion .
along the F., M. & P. R. R. Gilmer: near Glenville (Ma-
pel). Webster: in the glades, where it is called "Glade Lily"
(Mapel). Hardy: near Moorefield (G.). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

L. SUPERBUM L. Turk's-cap Lily.

Rich, low grounds. Randolph : summit Point Mountain,
alt. 3,700 ft. Monongalia : near IMorgantown and Stew-
artstown. Hardy : near Moorefield (Gamble). LTpshur:near
Newlin (H. H. Smith, 1792). Pocahontas: at Travelers
Repose (Greenman, 71).

L. Canadense L. Wild Yellow Lily.

Moist meadows. Calhoun: along Laurel Run. Gilmer*
near Glenville (Mapel). Preston : near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). Randolph: summit Point Mountain, alt. 2,125 f^-
Monongalia : near Ice's Ferry.

L. TiGRiNUM Ker. Tiger Lily.

Established from gardens. Jefferson, Berkeley, Morgan,
Hampshire and Mineral : along the B. & O. R. R. Calhoun •
near Brookville. Monongalia : near Morgantown.

ERYTHRONIUM L.

E. AiNiERicANUiM Kcr. Yellow Adder's Tongue. Dog's Tooth
Violet.

Rich open woods along streams. Monongalia and Marion •
along the ' Monongahela River. Gilmer : near Glenville
(Mapel; Broii<n). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall)

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 22g

Frequent or common throughout the State. Hardy : near
Moorefield (Gamble).
E. ALBIDUM Nutt.

Rich soil, Kanawha region, along Coal and Len's Creeks,
Ohio Co., near Mt. de Chantal (Boiitlou).

QUAMASIA Raf.

Q. HYACiNTiiiNA (Raf.) Britton. (Camassia Fraseri Torr.)

Rich ground. Ohio: near Wheeling {Mertz & Gutten-
berg). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

ORNITHOGALUM L.
O. UAiBELLATUM L. Star of Bethlehem.

Escaped from gardens. Monongalia : abundant and per-
sistent on the line of the F., M. & P. R. R. from Morgan-
town to Coburn's Creek. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
O. NUTANS L.

In a ravine above the glass factory north of Morgantown,
Alonongalia County (Boutlon).

MUSCARI Mill. '
M. BOTRYOiDES (L.), Mill. Grape Hyacinth.

Escaped from gardens. Monongalia : near Uffington.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
M. RACEMOSUM (L.) Mill.

Widely escaped and established at the junction of Aarons
Run and Deckers Creek, Monongalia County, near Morgan-
town (Moffatt).

ALETRIS L.
A. FARiNOSA L. Star Grass. Colic Root.

Sandy moist soils. W^ebster : in Upper Glade. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg (Xnttall).

C O N V A L L A R I A C E AE.

ASPARAGUS L.
A. OFFICINALIS L. Asparagus.

Woods and opens ; a frequent escape. Jefferson : near
Shenandoah Junction, plentiful. Monongalia : plentiful along
Cheat River, near Ice's Ferry, and at Stewartstown. Alason :
near Point Pleasant. Berkeley : near Martinsburg. Hardy :
near Moorefield.

CLINTONIA Raf.
C. BOREALis (Ait.), Raf. Clinton's Lily.

Cold damp weeds. Grant : near Bayard. Preston : in
Laurel hills. Tucker : near Davis.

230 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. UAiBELLULATA (Miclix.) Torr.

Rich woods. Randolph : on Rich Mountains. Grant : near
Bayard. Tucker: in Land of Canaan. Gihner : near Glen-
ville {Broz^'u, Mapcl). MonongaHa : near Morgantown.
Kanawha: near Coalburg {James). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield {Gamble). Bar-
bour: near Tygart Junction {Grecnman, 94). 3kIcDowell:
near Elkhorn. Mercer : Bkiestone Jc.

VAGNERA Adans.

V. RACEMOSA (L.) Morong. ( Uiiifoliuui racemostLiii (L.) Britton).
Rich woods. Common throughout the State.

UNIFOLUM Adans (1763).

U. Canadense (Desf.), Greene. {Smilacina bifolia Canadensis
A. Gray).

Low, rich woods. Common throughout the northern and
eastern counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

DISPORUM SaHsb.

D. lanuginosum (Michx.) Nichols. {Prosartes lanuginosa, Don.)

Rich woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Preston :
near Terra Alta. Mineral : near Keyser {Workman). V^lx-
ette : near Nuttallburg (A'M/^a//). Grant : near Bayard. Mer-
cer : Bluestone Jc. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs
{Eggleston, 4343). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

STREPTOPUS Michx.

S. ROSEus Michx. Twisted Stalk.

Cold, damp woods. L-pshur : along Sand Run. Preston:
near Terra Alta. Tucker : near Blackwater Falls. Grant :
near Bayard. Randolph : western slopes of Cheat Mountains.

SALOMONIA Heist.

{Polygonatum Adans.)

S. BiFLORA (Walt.) Britton.

Rich woods and wooded banks. Frequent generally
S. coMMUTATA (R. & S.) Brittou. {P. giganteum, Dietr.)

Edges of meadows. Nicholas : near Beaver Mills. Gil-
mer: near Glenville {Mapcl). Monongalia: the Flats near
Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

WEST \'IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 23I

CONVALLARIA Linn.
C. MAjALis Linn. Lily-of-the-Yalley.

High mountain woods. Pocahontas : near Winterburn
(A. B. Brooks).

MEDEOLA L.
M. ViRGiNL\NA L. Indian Cucumber.

Rich, damp woods. Upshur : along Sand Run. Grant
and Tucker : in the mountains woods, plentiful. Gilmer :
near Glenville (Mapel). Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Kanawha: near Coalburg (James). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg- (Niittall)., and elsewhere frequent. McDowell: near
Elkhorn.

TRILLIUM L.

T. SESSILE L. Sessile-flowered Purple Trillium.

Moist woods. Monongalia and Marion : abundant along
the Monongahela River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Broztm).
T. ERECTUM L. Purple Trillium.

Rich woods. Throughout the northern and eastern por-
tions of the State. McDowell : near Elkhorn.
Var. ALBUM Pursh.

IMonongalia : near Morgantown. Gilmer : near Glenville
{Mapcl, Brown). Taylor: near Valley Falls (N. S. Hayes).
Var. DECLiNATUM Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. VV. Va., 453 (1902).

Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Mason: near Point
Pleasant. Jackson : near Ravenswood.

(Note: — This form appears to be sufficiently different
from T. erectum, and T, cernum, to retain it ; otherwise I
could not list the specimens gathered.)
T. GRANDiELORUM (Michx.) Salisb. White Trillium.

Rich woods. Abundant throughout the northern counties.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel, Prof. Brozvn). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). McDowell: near Elkhorn.
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Heller, 840).
T. CERNUUM L. Wake Robin.

Moist woods. Gilmer : near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
T. NiVALE Riddell. ^Dwarf White Trillium.

In moss of wet rocks. Monongalia : along Quarry Run.
Grant : along Buffalo Creek. Randolph : along runs feeding-
Shaver's Fork of Cheat. Tucker: along Beaver Creek, and
Blackwater Fork of Cheat.
T. UNDULATUM Willd. (T. crythrocarpum Michx.)

Cold deep ravines along runs. Grant : near Bayard.
Randolph : Cheat River (Millspaugh) ; near Whitmar
(Greeuman. 73). Tucker: along Black Water Fork. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft., rare (Nuttall). Mc-

232 THE WESr X'IRGINIA FL-ORA

Dowell : near Elkliorn. Taylor: near A^alley Falls (N. S.
Hayes). Mercer: lUncstonc Jc. Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

S U I L A C E A E.

SMIL AX L.

S. HERBACEA L. Carrion Flower.

Thickets. Monongalia: plentiful at the Flats. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg-, rare (Nuttall).
S. ROTUNDiEOLiA L. Greenbrier.

Thickets, too common throughout the State.
S. GLAUCA Walt.

Dry thickets. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall). Monongalia: along
Cheat River near Ice's Ferry.

S. TAMNIFOLIA Michx.

Dry soils. Preston: near Aurora [Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
S. Pseudo-China L.

Dry soils. Monongalia : plentiful on the Flats ; near
Morgantown.
S. HispiDA Muhl. Bristly Sarsaparilla.

Rich soil. Marion : near Fairmont. Preston : near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

A M A R Y L L I D A C E A E. •

HYPOXIS L.
H. HiRSUTA (L.) Coville. Star Grass. Yellow-eyed Grass.
(H. ere eta L.).

Open places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common (Nntt-
all). Lewis: up Stone Coal Creek. Monongaha : along
Cheat River near Camp Eden, plentiful. Hardy : near
Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer: near Bluefield.

DIOSCOREACEAE.

DIOSCOREA L.

D. GLAUCA Muhl. Wild Yam-root. Colic-root. (D.i'illosaYlova.).
Thickets and rich woods. Randolph : on Point Mountain,
alt. 3,450 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, pistillate plants rare (Nnttall). Grant
and Tucker : plentiful in the mountain woods. Monongalia:
plentiful. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Sum-
mers : near Hinton. Hardy : near Moorefield. McDowell :
near Elkhorn. Mercer : Bluestone Junction. Preston : near

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 233

Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele); near Albright {Bartlett).
Barbour: {Grccnman). jMonongalia : (Jennings). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock). Randolph: near Pickens (//.
H. Smith, 1846).

I R I D A C E A E.

IRIS L.

I. VERSICOLOR L. Blue Flag.

Ditches and wet lands. Preston : near Terra Alta and
Reedsville.
I. VERNA L. Dwarf Iris.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
I. CRiSTATA Ait. Dwarf Crested Iris.

Rich woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown, plentiful.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel; Brozvn). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Marion: along the Monogahela
River, plentiful.

SISYRINCHIUM L.

S. ANGUSTiFOLiUM Alill. Bluc-eycd Grass. 5'. Bermiidianum
Gray, not. L.

Moist grassy places. Fayette : near Kanawha Falls
(James); near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel). Monongalia: near Morgantown, and else-
where common.
S. GRAMiNOiDES Bickuell. (S. anceps S. Wats.)

Grassy places. Fayette: meadows near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon, 1582).

S. MUCRONATUM Michx.

Meadows. Preston: near Cranesville (Sheldon, 1509).
O R C H I D A C E AE.

CYPRIPEDIUM L.

C. PARViFLORUM Salisb. Small Lady's Slipper.

Rich woods. Monongalia : near ]\Iorgantown. Marion :
near Opekiska and Fairmont. Gilmer: near Glenville (Ma-
pel; Brozvn). Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble). Lewis: (liinsman).
C. HiRSUTUM Mill. Large Lady's Slipper. (C. pubescens Willd.)
Low woods. Same stations as the last. Fayette ; near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Slope of Kate's Mountain, alt. 3,300
ft. (Small; Eggleston, 4359; JJeller, 821).
C. ACAULE Ait. Moccasin Flower.

Dry or moist woods. Monongalia : near Cheat Viewj
plentiful. Preston: near Reedsville. Gilmer: near Glen-

234 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ville {Broum). Fayette: near Nuttallbnrg-, alt. 2,000 ft., in
laurel thickets. Marion : along the F. I\l. & P. R. R.
Mineral: near Keyser (JVorkinan) Kanawha: near Coal-
burg (James). Flardy : near ^loorefield {Gamble). Web-
ster: near Tater Knob (//. H. Smith, 1491). Upshur: near
Buckhannon (Pollock).

GALEORCHIS Rydb.
G. spECTABiLis (L.) Rydb. Showy Orchid. (Orchis L.)

Rich woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Gilmer :
near Glenville (Mapel; Brozm). Fayette: near Nuttallburg,
rare (Nuttall). McDowell: near Elkhorn.

LYSIAS Salisb.
L. ORiucuLATA (Pursh) Rydb. (Habcnaria orbiculata Torr.).
Rich woods. Randolph : near summit of Rich Mountain
(Millspaugh). Pendleton: in shade of spruce trees near
the summit of Spruce Knob (Brooks). Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

PERULARIA Lindl.
P. FLAVA (L.) Rydb. (Hebenaria flava Gray).

Wet situations. Webster: in long Glade (Millspaugh).

GYMNADENIOPSIS Rydb.
G. CLAVELLATA (Michx.) Rydb. (Hebenaria tridentata Hook.).
Wet places. Webster : in Long Glade and Welsh Glade
(.Millspaugh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

BLEPHARIGLOTTIS Raf.
B. ciLiARis (L.) Rydb. (Habenaria ciliaris R. Br.).

Wet sandy bogs. Webster : Welch and Long Glades.
Preston : near Terra Alta (Millspaugh). Fayette : near Nutt-
alburg, rare (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
B. LACERA (Michx.) Rydb. (Habenaria lacera R. Br.).

Bogs and moist thickets. Wood : near Lockharts Run
(Millspaugh). Preston: near Cranberry Summit (Mertz &
Guttenherg). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Up-
shur: near French Creek (Brooks).
B. PSYCODES (L.) Rydb. (Habenaria psycodcs A. Gray).

Wet places. Randolph : on Rich Mountain ; Grant : near
Bayard ; Preston : near Terra Alta ; Wayne : near Central
City (Millspaugh); Pocahontas: (Folloek).
B. I'ERAMOENA (A. Gray) Rydb. (Habenaria peranioena Gray).
Moist meadow. Upshur: near French Creek (Brooks).
Preston: near Reedsville (Sheldon, 1896).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 235

ISOTRIA Rafin.

1. vEKTiciLLATA (Willd.) Raf. (Pogonia verticillata Nutt.)-

Woodlands. Upshnr : near French Creek, very abundant,
growing with Kahiiia and Gaultheria ; Webster : along the
Gauley River (F. E. Brooks).

POGONIA Juss.
P. opiiiOGLOSSoiDES (L.), Ker.

Boggy places. Preston: near Cranberry Summit (Mcrtc
& Guttcnberg). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Xuttall).
Upshur: near French Creek (Brooks).

GYROSTACHYS Pers. (1807).

(Spiranthes, Rich. 1818).

G. CERNUA (L.) Kuntze. Ladies Tresses.

W'et meadows. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Ahittall).
Monongalia ; frequent throughout. Preston : near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
G. GRACILIS (Bigel.) Kuntze. Twisted Stalk.

Sandy woods and fields. Fayette : near Nutallburg, in
hard, grassy ground (Niittall) . Monongalia : near Morgan-
town. Frequent throughout the State.

PERAMIUM Salisb. (1812).

(Goodyera, R. Br. 1813.)

P. REPENS (L.) Salisb.

In deep evergreen forests. Grant : under Black Spruce
near Bayard. Fayette : in deep Laurel thickets, rare, near
Nuttallburg (A/'w^/a//). McDowell : near Elkhorn. Preston-
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
P. PUBESCENS (Willd.) MacM. Rattlesnake Plantain.

Rich woods. Monongalia : along Decker's Creek and
Tibb's Run. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall)
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Nicholas: near
Beaver Mills. McDowell: near Welch. Webster: (H . H.
Smith, i86p).
P. oPHioiDES (Fernald) Rydb.

Cold mossy woodlands. Pocahontas : Cranberry Glades
(Brooks, 3859).
P. Menziesii (Lindl.) Morong.

In deep rich woods, Webster: near Tater Knob (H. H.
Smith, i860).

TIPULARIA Nutt.
T. UNIFOLIA (Muhl.) B. S. P.

L^pshur : common at French Creek (F. E. & A. B. Brooks)

236 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

TRIPHORA Nutt.

T. TRiANTHOPKORA (Sw.) Rydb. (Pogonia Sw.)-

Upshur: near French Creek (Brooks).

ACHROANTHES Raf. (1808).

(Microstylis, Nutt. 1818).

A. UNIFOLIA (Michx.) Raf.

Rich woodlands. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs
(Merts & Guttenherg). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare
(Nuttall).

LEPTORCHIS Thou. (1808).

{Liparis, Rich. 1818).

L. LiLiiFOLiA (L.) Kuntze. Tway-blade.

Rich woods. Monongalia : the Flats near Morgantown.
Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel, Brozvn). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

CORALLORHIZA R. Br.

C. CoRALLoRHiZA (L.) Karst. Coral root. (C iiinata R. Br.)
Deep, rich woods. Grant : near Bayard. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near White
Sulphur Springs.

C. ODONTORHIZA (Willd.), Nutt.

Rich woods. Gihner : near Glenville (Mapel). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 feet (Nuttall). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs, Steele).

C. MULTIFLORA Nutt.

Woodlands. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 feet
(Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

APLECTRUM Nutt.

A. HYEMALE (Muhl.) Torrey. (A. spicatum B. S. P.).

Rich woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Gilmer :

near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

LIMODORUM L. (1753).
(Calopgon, R. Br. 1813).
L. TUBEROSUM L. C. pulchellus, R. Br.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 2,37

S A U R U R A C E A E.

SAURURUS L.

S. CERNUUS L. Lizard's Tail.

Streams. Jefferson : near Harper's Ferry (Mcrts & Gut-
tcnhcrg). Brooke: near Wellsburg. Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuftall). Wayne : in a glade (Hopkins). Wood:
near Parkersburg (Pollock).

J U G L A N D A C E A E.

JUGLANS L.
J. ciNEREA L. Butternut. White Walnut.

Common throughout the State even in the valleys of the
highest ahitudes. Randolph : along Tygart's \'alley Rivei
near Huttonsville (Grecnuian, 197).
J. NIGRA L. Black Walnut.

Rich soils, even in the higher Alleghanies. A very com-
mon and valuable timber tree throughout the State.

HIGORIA Raf.
H. ovATA (j\Iill.) Britton. Shag or Shellbark Hickory (Carya
alba, Nutt.).

Low grounds, frequent throughout the State.
H. LAciNiosA (Michx.) Sarg. King Nut (Carya sulcata, Xutt.).

Rich soil. Monongalia : near Ice's Ferry.
H. ALBA (L.) Britton. White Heart Hickory. (Carya t omen-
to sa, Nutt.)

Woods, frequent throughout the State.
H. GLABRA (Mill.) Britton. Pig Nut. (Carya porcina, Nutt.)

Dry soils, frequent throughout the State.
H. MicROCARPA (Nutt.) Brittou. (Carya microcarpa, Nutt.)

Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
H. coRDiFORMis (Wang.) Britton, Bitternut. (Carya amaraKutt)
Low Woods. Greenbrier : near Fort Spring and Ron-
ceverte. Fayette: near Nuttallburg iXutfall). Webster:
near Pugh (H. H. Smith, 1682).

S A L I C A C E A E.

POPULUS L.
P. ALBA, L. White Poplar. Abele.

A frequent escape from cultivation. In many places in the
State, where the tree is planted for ornament, this species
spreads widely from the root, thus often becoming a pest
in lawns and along streets.

238 THE WEST \IRGIN1A FLORA

P. TREMUEOiDES, Alichx. Aspcii. Trciiiblino- Poplar.

Wooded hillsides. Wirt : alonu;- Little Kanawha River.
Calhoun : near Grantsville. Gilmer : near Glenville. Mon-
ongalia : near Marion ; along the Monongahela River. Sum-
mers : near Riffe. Mason : near Point Pleasant.
P. GRANDiDENTATA Michx. Large-toothcd Aspen.

Preston : near Cranberry Summit. Ohio : near Wheeling
(Merts & Guttcnberg). Webster: on Tater Knob {H. H.
Smith, 1485).
P. CANDicANS Ait. P.alm of Gilead.

Plentiful at Montana, along the Monongahela River in
Marion Co. Monongalia : the Flats near Morgantown. Gil-
mer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg,
very likely introduced {Nuttall). Webster: Hacker Valley
(H. H. Smith,) 1602).
P. DELTOiDES Marsh. Cottonwood. (P. monilifera Ait.).

Ohio: near Bogg's Run (Merts & Guttenberg). Mason:
near Point Pleasant.

SALIX L.

S. NIGRA Marsh. Black Willow.

Along streams, frequent or common. The principal wil-
low of the State.
Far. FALCATA (Pursh.) Torr. Scythe-leaved Black Willow.

Along springy runs. Wirt : along Straight Creek. Lewis :
along Leading Creek. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

S. AMYDALOIDES And.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. ALBA, var. viTELLiNA (L.) Koch. White Willow.

Scattered, from protective or ornamental planting, along
streams in many parts of the State.
S. Babylonica L. Weeping Willow.

A frequent escape as in the last species. Monongalia :
near Morgantown. Jefferson : near Flowing Spring and
Milltown.
S. DISCOLOR Muhl. Shining Willow.

Ohio: on Bogg's Lslands (Mcrts & Guttenberg.)
S. HUMiLis Marsh. Prairie Willow.

Glady regions. Webster : near LTpper Glade. Preston :
near Terra Alta.
S. sericea Marsh. Silky Willow.

Along streams. Randolph : along Tygart's Valley River.
Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs. Ohio : near
Wheeling (Merts, 2641).
S. coRDATA Muhl. Heart-leaved Willow.

Along streams, frequent. Lewis : along Leading Creek.
Wood : near Parkersburg. Mason : near Point Pleasant.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 239

MYRICACEAE.

COMPTONIA Banks.
C. PEREGRIN A (L.) Coulter. (Myrica asplenifolia L.).

Dry soil, especially on hillsides. Hampshire : along Cac-
apon Creek (Brooks).

BETULACEAE.

CARPINUS L.
C. Caroliniana, Walt. Blue or Water Beech.

Damp thickets and river banks. Wirt : near Elizabeth.
Monongalia : near Morgantown, plentiful. Gilmer : near
Glenville (Mapel). Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Niittall). Summers: near Hin-
ton. Marion : near Worthington. Jefferson : near Harper's
Ferry (Mcrtz & Guttenhen^). Webster: Hacker Valley
(H. H. Smith, 1531).

OSTRYA Scop.
O. ViRGiNiANA (Mill.) Willd. Lever Wood. Iron Wood.

Rich woods and along streams. Wirt : near Elizabeth.
Randolph : on Point Mountain ; at first Top of Cheat there
is a forest of this wood where trees are found, in numbers,
from 1-3 feet in diameter. Webster : on Buffalo Bull Moun-
tain. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs. Summers :
near Hinton. Marion: near Worthington. Favette: near
Nuttallburg (Nnttall).

CORYLUS L.
C. Americana, Walt. Hazlenut.

Thickets, frequent throughout the State.
C. ROSTRATA Ait. Beaked Hazlenut.

Mountainous regions. Upshur : summit on Staunton Pike
Randolph : near Fords.

BETULA L.
B. LENTA L. Sweet Birch. Black Birch.

Rich Woods. Common throughout the State. Grows
very large in the mountains. One specimen near Cheat
Bridge measure 7 ft. 9 in. in diameter. Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
B. LENTA X LUTEA. Millsp. Field Mus. Bot. 1:201 (1896).
A number of specimens of this hybrid birch were found
in 1892 at Pickens, Randolph Co. In all, the bark forms of
each species were intermixed. All the specimens were small
saplings about 2 in. in diameter (Millspaugh).

240 THE WEST VIRGINIA ELORA

B. LU'iE.A Alichx.f. Yellow Birch.

Higher mountain woods. Grant: near Bayard. Tucker:
near Hulings. Braxton : near Sutton. Randolph : near
Pickens. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nnttall).
B. POPULiFOLiA Marsh. White Birch.

Poor soils. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapcl). Randolph:
near Winchester.

B. NIGRA L. River Birch. Red Birch.

Along streams. Calhoun : along Little Kanawha River.
Gilmer: near Glenville (iMapcl). Greenbrier: near Fort
Spring. Summers : near Greenbrier Stockyards ; near Hin-
ton. Kanawha : near Handle}'. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall) ; and common along streams throughout the cen-
tral and southern counties. A tree 14 feet 2^ inches in
circumference was measured near Bargers Spring, Sum-
mers County (Morris).

ALNUS Gaertn.
A. Alnobetula (Ehrh.) K. Koch. Mountain Alder. (.-/.
z'iridis DC.)

Along mountain stream;., rare. Greenbrier : Columbia
Sulphur Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg ( Nuttall). Po-
cahontas : at Traveler's Repose. Randolph : along Cheat
River.
A. RUGOSA (DuRoi) K. Koch. Smooth Alder. (A. scrndata
Willd.)

Low grounds and along rivers. Common, especially in
the glade regions.
A. iNCANA (L.) Willd. Hoary Alder.

In wet places. Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades? (Brooks)

F A G A C E A E.

FAGUS L.
F. Americana Sweet. Beech. (F. fcrnii^iiica Ait.).

General throughout the State.

CASTANEA Adans.

C. dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. Chestnut. (C. vcsca Americana

Michx.).

Rocky hillside woods throughout the State.
C. pumila (L.) i\lill. Chinquapin.

Dry hills. Fayette : near Nuttalllnu'g, alt. 2,000 feet,
frequent (Nuttall). Wayne: near Ceredo and Compton's
Creek. Mercer: Beaver Spr., and Tngleside. A remark-
ably spreading and symmetrical individual was observed in
a pasture at Bargers Spring, Summers County (Morris).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 24I

QUERCUS L.
Q. ALBA L. White Oak.'^

All soils, plentiful throughout the State.
Q. MINOR (Marsh.) Sarg. Post Oak. Iron Oak. (Q. stdlata,
Wang. )

Dry sterile soils, common.
Q. MACROCARPA AHchx. Burr Oak. Mossy-cup Oak.

Rich soils. Tyler : near Long Reach.
Q. Prinus L. Chestnut Oak.

Rocky woods. Frequent throughout the State.
Q. acuminata (Michx.) Houda. Yellow Oak. (Q. Miihlen-
hcrgii Engelm.)

Rich, wooded valleys, especially in the mountains. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg, rare {NuttaJl).
Q. pagodaefolia (Ell.) Ashe.

Rich bottom lands. Kanawha : a few trees found on the
north side of the river at Charleston (Brooks).
Q. bicolor Willd. (Q. platanoidcs Sudw.).

Moist soils and borders of streams. Grant : along Eunice
Creek; Hardy: along the South Branch, near Moorefield;
Pocahontas: near Marlinton; Randolph: along the Tygarts
Valley near Eluttonsville ; Upshur : rare near Lorentz
{Brooks).
Q. rubra L. Red Oak.

Common throughout the State, in both rich and poor soils.
O. coccinea Wang.

Woodlands. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, apparently a sec-
ond growth {NuttaJl).
0. velutina Lam. Black Oak. (Q. tinctoria Bartr.),

Dry woodlands. In large tracts in the Alleghanies of
Mineral. Grant and Tucker counties. Gilmer : near Glen-
ViWe {Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (#Mf?a//). Mon-
ongalia : near Ice's Ferry. Summers : near Hinton.
Q. palustris DuRoi.

Along streams. Monongalia: near Stumptown. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg {Niittall).
Q. DiGiTATA (Marsh.) Sudw. Spanish Oak. (0. /a/ca^a, Michx.)

Dry sandy soils throughout the western counties.
Q. NIGRA L. Black Jack Oak.

Common in dry or heavy clay soils throughout the center
of the State. Hardy : near Moorefield.
O. NANA (Marsh.) Sarg. Holly-leaved Oak. {Q. ilicif alia Wang.)
Sandy soils. Hariipshire : near Romney. Hardy : near
Moorefield.
O. IMBRICARIA Michx. Laurel Oak.

Rich woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown and Laurel
Point. Hardv : near Moorefield.

242 TJIE WKST \IKGINIA FLORA

U L AI A C E A E.

ULAIUS L.
U. FULVA Michx. Slippery Elm.

Rich soils. Monongalia: near Alorgantown, Laurel Point
and Stumptown. Gilmer: near Glenville (Maf^cl). Eayette :
near Nuttallburg (Ntittall). Alason: near Point Pleasant.
Summers : along Greenbrier River. Webster : at Tatei
Knob (H. H. Smith, I4g2).
U. Americana L. White Elm.

Along rivers. Frequent throughout the State.
U. RACEMOSA Thomas. Corky Elm.

Near streams. Alonroe : near Alderson. Summers : along
Greenbrier River. Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith,
1704).

CELTIS L.
C. occiDENTALis L. Hackbcrry.

Woods and river banks. Jefferson : near Shenandoah
Junction. Alonongalia : near Morgantown. Jackson : near
Ripley. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. PUMiLA Pursh.

Among the rocks on the banks of both rivers at Harper'.<^
Ferry. Often fruiting copiously, on every twig, on trees
but 2 or 3 feet high (Greene).

M O R A C E A E.
MORUS L.

M. RUBRA L. Black Mulberry.

Rich woods. Wood, Wirt, Calhoun and Gilmer (Mapel).
Along the Little Kanawha River. Jefferson : frec^uent
throughout. Greenbrier : near \\ hite Sulphur Springs.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, no large trees noted (Nuttall)
M. ALBA L. White Mulberry."

A frequent escape. Alonongalia : near Alorgantown. Jef-
ferson : near Millville and Charlestown (MillspaiigJi) ; fre-
quent about Harper's Ferry (Greene).

FICUS Linn.
F. CARICA L. Fig.

Fayette : on a ledge near the railroad from Gauley Bridge
toward Gauley Junction (Eggleston, 5540).

TOXYLON Rat (1817).
(Madura Nutt. 1818).
T. POMiFERUM Raf. (Madura anrantiaca Nutt.")

Banks of the Ohio River, Mason Co., near Point Pleas-
ant. (Mills t^augh).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 243

BROUSSONETIA L'Herit.

B. FAPYRiFERA (L.) Veiit. Paper Mulberry. "Cut Paper."

Escaped from cultivation. Jefferson : near Flowing
Spring- Mill and Milltown. Kanawha : near IMontgomery
Berkeley : near Alartinsburg.

HUMULUS L.
H. LupuLus L. Hops.

Alluvial banks near streams. \'ery doubtfully native
Randolph : near Cricard. Marshall : near Moundsville. ]\Ia-
rion : near Clements, and Catawba. ^Mineral : opposite Cum-
berland, Md.

CANNABIS L.

C. SATiVxV L. Hemp.

Fields and waste places. Escaped from cultivation. Jack-
son : frequent.

U R T I C A C E A E.

URTICA L.
U. GRACILIS, Ait. Nettle.

Moist shady places. Common.
U. URENS L. Stinging Nettle.

Adventive. Hancock: near Holliday's Cove. Rare.

URTICASTRU^I Fabr.
U. DivARicATUM (L.) Kuntze. (Lapoyfea Canadensis Gaud.).
Moist rich woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
near Kanawha Falls (James). Preston: near Aurora (Mr.
& Mrs. Steele). Frequent throughout the State.

ADICEA Raf. (1815).
(Pilea, Lindl. 1821).

A. PUMiLA (L.) Raf. Clear Weed. Rich Weed. (P. piimila

(L.) Gray).
Cool, moist, shady places. Common throughout the State.

BOEHMERIA Jacq.

B. CYLINDRICA (L.) Willd.

Damp places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Xiittall). Mon-
ongalia : near Uffington.

B. CYLINDRICA SCABRA PortCr.

Barbour: in moist places near Tygart Junction (Green-
man 340).

244 Till-: WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

PARIETARIA Linn.
P. Pennsylvanica Miihl.

Pocahontas: on a rocky hillside near Traveler's Repose
(Grecjimaii 342).

LORANTHACEAE.

PHORADENDRON Nutt.
P. FLAVESCENS (Pursh.) Nutt. American Mistletoe.

Parasitic on Sugar-Maple and Black Locust, along the
Great Kanawha River in Fa3^ette County. On Black Wal-
nut and Elm in Kanawha County. On Elms in Mason
County and in Wood near Parkersburg. On Elms and
Hickories, along the Ohio and Great Kanawha rivers, in
Cabell County.

SANTALACEAE.

PYRULARIA Michx.
P. PUBERA Michx.

Rich woods. McDowell : near Elkhorn. Nicholas Co.,
along Peter Creek (BouMou). Upshur: near Buckhannon

{Pollock).

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE.

ASARUM L.
A. Canadense L. Wild Ginger. "Colic Root."

Rich woods. Wirt : near Burning Springs. Gilmer : near
Glenville (Mapel; Broum). Jefferson: near Flowing
Spring Mill. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nttttall). Mon-
ongalia : near Uffington and Morgantown. McDowell : near
Elkhorn. Mercer: Bluestone Jc, and common throughout
the State.

HEXASTYLIS Raf.
H. ViRGiNiCA (L.) Small. (Jsanini Virginicuni L.).

Rich soil. Grant : near Bayard. Tucker : along Blacl:
Water. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapcl, Brozvn). Green-
brier : near White Sulphur Springs. McDowell : near Elk-
horn. Mercer : Bluestone Jc. and Bluefield. Upshur : near
Buckhannon (Pollock) . Fayette: at Hawks Nest (Holton).
H. Shuttlewortiiii (J. Britten) Small. (Asaruin J. Britten).
In oak and beech woods near Bargers Spring, Summers
County, altitude 1,550 feet, July 13, 1900 (Morris, 980).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 245

ARISTOLOCHIA L.

A. Serpentaria L. Virginia Snakeroot.

Rich woods. Wirt : near Burning Springs. Randolph :
near Ford's and on Point Mountain. Gilmer : near Glen-
ville (Broivn). Grant: near Bayard. Tucker: near Davis.
Mineral: near Keyser (IVortman). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall). Wetzel: near Burton {Mertz, 2328).

A. MACROPHYLLA Lam. Dutchman's Pipe. {A. Sipho L' Her.),
Rich woods, frequent throughout the State. Abundant
in the following localities. Randolph : on Point Mountaiu
(Millspaugh). Webster: Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith,
1705). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Up-
shur: near Buckhannon (Pollock). Pocahontas: valley of
the East Fork of Greenbrier River (Greennian, 204). Grant :
near Bayard. Gilmer: near Glenville {Map el, Brozvn). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Mercer: Ingleside. Wirt:
near Burning Springs {Mertz, 2329).

POLYGONACEAE.

ERIOGONUAI Michx.
E. Alleni, Watson, in A. Gray, Man. Ed. 6, 734 (1890).

Perennial, white tomentose throughout, the tall scape-like
stem repeatedly dichotomous above ; radical leaves lanceolate,
long-petiolate, the upper in whorls of 4 or 5, ovate to ovate-
oblong, very shortly petiolate, much reduced above ; invo-
lucres mostly sessile ; flowers glabrous, yellow, the segments
elliptical. Near White Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier Co.
{Allen, Britton, Small, Mackenzie).

RUMEX L.
R. Brittanica L. Water Dock.

Wet places. Ohio: on Bogg's Island {Meriz & Gutten'
berg). Berkeley, near Martinsburg.

R. CRispus L. Curled Dock.

Waste places and cultivated fields. Frequent.
R, OBTUsiFOLius L. Bitter Dock.

Waste grounds and cultivated fields, common.
R. CRispus X OBTUSIFOLIUS. Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va.. 433.

Waste places. Monongalia : streets of Morgantown.
R. sanguineus L. Bloody Dock.

Damp places in waste grounds. Berkeley : near [Martins-
burg.

R. CONGLOMERATUS Murray.

Shady places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

246 THE WEST X'lKGINlA FLORA

R. ACETOSELLA L. Horsc Sorrel.

Abundant everywhere ; even along paths in the d^ii'^f
spruce forests of the higher mountains.

FAGOPYRUM Gsertn.

F. Fagopvrum (L.) Karst. Buckwheat. (F. esciilcntuni Moench.)
Waste grounds and cultivated fields. A frequent escape

POLYGONUM L.
P. ORiENTALE L. Priucc's Feather.

Escaped to waste places. Lewis : near Weston. Monon-
galia : near Morgantown. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, rare
{Nuttall). Mineral: near Piedmont.
P. Pennsylvanicum L.

Low grounds. Common throughout the State.
P. Persicaria L. Lady's Thumb.

Waste grounds. Lewis : near Weston. Gilmer : iiear
Glenville \Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (NiiftaH).
Mason : near Point Pleasant. Wood : near Parkersburg.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gajiiblc). Randolph: near Pickens
(H. H. Smith, 1440).
Fonna albiflora. Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va.. 432.

A pure white-flowered form abundant near Point Pleas-
ant.
P. Hydropiper L. Smartweed. Water Pepper.

Wet grounds. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Gilmer :
near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mcrts & Guttcnbcrg.)
P. punctatum Ell. {P. acre N. B. K.)

Wet places. Common throughout the State.
P. HYDROPiPEROiDES Michx. Mild Water-pepper,

Swampy places. Common throughout the State.

P. ViRGINIANUM L.

Thickets and in rich soils. Common throughout the State
P. AVicuLARE L. Door-weed. "Goose-grass."

About dwellings and roadsides. Common throughout the
State.

P. ERECTUM L.

With the last, especially in streets.
P. TENUE Michx.

Dry pastures. Wood : near Kanawha Station. Monon-
galia: near Morgantown. Taylor: near Grafton, and com-
mon throughout the State.
P. ciLiNODE Michx.

Pendleton; in rockv places on Spruce Knob (Grccnman
346).

WEST \IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 247

I' SAGiTTATUM L. Tear-thuiiib.

Wet places. Common throughout the State.

P. ARIFOLIUM L.

Low grounds. Berkeley : near Alartinsburg. Monongalia :
near Morgantown, and elsewhere frequent.
P. Convolvulus L. Black Bindweed.

Gardens and waste places. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Niittall). Mason: near Point Pleasant.
P. CRiSTATUM Engelm. & Gray.

Along the Guyandot River below Baileysville, Wyoming
County, altitude 1,100-1,250 feet, August 19, 1900 (Morris,
1255). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
P. SCANDEXS L. Climbing False Buckwheat.
Low grounds along streams, common.

C H E N O P O D I A C E A E.

CHENOPODIUM, L.

C. ALBUM L. Lamb's Quarters. Pigweed.

Roadsides and waste places, common throughout the State.
Var. viRiDE (L.) Moc^.

Dry sandy hillsides. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000
feet, uncommon (N^uttall).

C. IIYBRIDU:\I L.

Dry sandy hillsides. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, appar-
ently indigenous (A'utfall). Jefferson: near Shepherdstown.

C. MURALE L.

Plentiful along the cool northward bases of walls in the
town of Harper's Ferry, Jefferson County (Greene).

C. URBICUM L.

Waste places, frequent.

C. GLAUCUM L.

Waste places. Monongalia : near Ice's Ferry.
C. BoTRYS L. Jerusalem Oak.

Ohio : near WHieeling. Jefferson : Shepherdstown.

C. AMBROSioiDES L. Mexican Tea.

Waste places. Common. Kanawha: along Great Kan^
awha River. Taylor : near Grafton. Wood : near Parkers-
burg.

C. AXTHELMiNTicuM L. Wormsecd.

Plentiful along the Great Kanawha River. In Kanawha,
Putnam and Mason counties. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(XntfaU). Jackson: along C. & P. pike.

248 THE WliST \1RGINIA FLORA

SALSOLA Linn.
S. Tragus Linn. Rnssian Thistle.

Monongalia : a few plants of this species appeared in an
alfalfa field, in 1904, near Alorgantown (Sheldon, 685).

A M A R A N T H A C E A E.

AMARANTHUS, L.

A. HYBRIDUS L. Red Amaranth (A. hypochondriaciis L.).

Waste places. Ohio: on Bogg's Island (Merta & Gut-

tenbcrg). Monongalia: near Morgantown. Fayette: neai

Nuttallburg, common {Niittall). Hardy: near Moorefield

{Gamble).

A. PANICULATUS L.

Waste places. IMonongalia : near Morgantown. Hardy :
near Moorefield {Gamble).

A. RETROFLEXUS L. PigWCCd.

Ohio: on Bogg's Island {Mertz & Guttenbcyg). Monon-
galia : near Morgantown.
A. GRAEcizANS L. Tumblc-wecd. {A. albits L.).

Waste places. Monongalia : near Morgantown.
A. SPiNOSUS L. Thorny Amaranth.

Waste grounds. Kanawha : near Charleston. Putnam :
near Buffalo. Mason : near Point Pleasant. Wood : near
Parkersburg, abundant. Jefferson : near Shepherdstown.

PHYTOLACCACEAE.

PHYTOLACCA, L.
P. DECANDRA L. Poke. Scokc. Garget.

All situations, even on the higher mountains. Common
throughout the State.

AIZOACEAE.

MOLLUGO, L.
M. vERTiciFLATA L. Carpet-wecd.

Waste and cultivated grounds. Monongalia : hills about
Morgantown. Marion : near Fairmont. Fayette : near Nutt-
allburg, sandy banks of New River {Nuttall).

PORTULACEAE.

PORTULACA, L.
P. OLERACEA L. Purslane. "Pussley."

A weed in cultivated grounds and gardens. Common
throughout the State.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 249

CLAYTONIA, L.
C. ViRGiNiCA L. Spring Beauty.

Common throughout the northern parts of the State, in
rich open woods and along spring runs. Gihiier : near Glen-
ville {Mapel; Brown). Hardy: near Moorefield {Gamble).
C. Caroliniana Michx.

Frequent with the former species. Marion, Preston^
Wood, Wirt, Calhoun, Gilmer, Lewis, Upshur and Randolph
counties. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (A'uttall). Ohio: near
Wheeling (Merts, 355).

CARYOPHYLLACEAE.

AGROSTEMMA L.
A. GiTJiAGG L. Corn Cockle. {Lychnis Githago Scop).

A frequent weed in wheat fields throughout the State.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, in shady places {Nuttall).

SILENE L.

S. STELLATA (L.), Ait. Starry Campion.

Wooded banks, frequent. Wood, Wirt, Calhoun, Gilmer,
Lewis, and Upshur, common. Preston : near Terra Alta ;
near Aurora {Mr. and Mrs. Steele). Summers: near
Hinton. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield {Gam-
ble).
S. ViRGiNiCA L. Fire Pink. Catchfly.

Open woods. Kanawha: near Charleston {Barnes).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, very common {Nuttall). Mer-
cer : near Bluefield. Monongalia : permian formations at
Cassville, growing on a low roadside bank, fully exposed
to the sun, but well supplied with root moisture {Morris).
S. ALBA Muhl. {S. nivea Otth.).

Wooded banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
S. Caroliniana Walt. Wild Pink. {S. Pcnnsyhanica, Michx.)
Open woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Mineral :
near Keyser {Workman). Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel).
Hampshire : Doe's Gully. Greenbrier Co., on Kate's Moun-
tain, alt. 3.300 ft. {Small; Eggleston, 4355).
S. antirrhina L. Sleepy Catchfly.

Dry places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Pres-
ton: {Pollock).

SAPONARIA L.
S. OFFICINALIS L. Soap-wort. Bouncing Bet.

Becoming a very common weed along roadsides through-

250 Tin-: WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

out the more settled portions of the State. In especially
large areas along the B. & O. R. R. and Shenandoah X'allev
R. R., in Jefferson Co. Calhoun: Grantsville. Gilmer:
Glenville (Mapcl). Webster: near Pugh ( //. H. Smith,
1668). Berkeley: Martinsburg. Summers: near Hinton.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall). Hardy: near Aloore-
field {Gamble). ^Monongalia : near Lock 9.

VACCARIA ^ledic.
V. Vaccaria (L.) Britton.

Established in waste ground at Seebert. Pocahontas
County (A. B. Brooks). Monongalia: near Alorgantown
(Sheldon, 3594).

«

DIANTHUS L.

D. Armeria L. Deptford Pink.

Fields, roadsides, and river banks. Clarion : near Catawba
(iv. D. JVolker). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, rare {Nnttall) ; near Kanawha Fall>.
{James). Summers: near Hinton. Jefferson: at Harper'?
Ferry {Merta & Guttenberg).

ALSINE L. (1753 ante).
(Stellaria L. 1753 post.)
A. media L. Chickweed.

Damp places, common everywhere. Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg, blooms all winter {Nnttall).
A. Tennesseensis (Mohr) Small.

Woods and thickets. Ohio: near Wheeling {Mertz).
A. PUBERA (Michx.) Britton. Great Chickweed.

Shady places, common. Monongalia, Marion and Preston
counties. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg {Nnttall). Mercer: near Bluefield {Mills-
paiigh). Upshur: near Buckhannon {Pollock).
A. LONGiFOLiA (Muhl.) Britton. Long-leaved Stitchwort.
Damp soils. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

CERASTIUM L.

C. vuLGATUM L. Large Mouse-ear Chickweed.

Waste ground and fields. Ohio : Cowan's Hill, near
Wheeling (Mcrtz & Gnttcnberg). Gilmer: near Glenville
(Mapel). Wood: near Waverly and elsewhere, becoming
frequent. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nnttall). Randolph:
near Pickens '(//. //. Smith. 1386).'

WEST \IRG1XIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 25I

C. viscosu.M L. Mouse-ear Chickweed.

Fields. Ohio: Cowan's Hill, near Wheeling- {Mertz &
Giiltcnbcrg). Fayette: near Nnttallburg {Xtittall). Mon-
ongalia : near Morgantown.
C. ARVENSE L. Field Chickweed.

Dry places. Frequent throughout the State.
C. LONGEPEDUNCULATUM Muhl. Star Chickweed. (C. nutans
Raf.). Woods: near streamlets; common in Monongalia
and Marion counties.

SAGINA Linn.

S. PROCUMBENS Linn.

In moist places. Monongalia: near :\Iorgantown (Shcl-
don, 4291).

ARENARL\ L.
A. SERPVLLiFOLLv L. Thvmc-leaved Sandwort.

Sandy banks. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes).
Hardy: near ^loorefield {Gamble).

SPERGULA L.
S. ARVExsis L. Field Spurry.

Fields. Preston: near Cranberry Summit (Mertz & Gut-
tenbcrg): near Terra Alta (Millsl^aiigh) : near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall).

PARONYCHIA Adans.
P. incHOTOMA (L.) Nutt. Whitlow-wort.

Rocky places. Jeiterson : near Harper's Ferry (Gray).

AXYCHIA Michx.
A. Candensis (L.),, B. S. P. (A. capiUacea, D. C.)

Dry Woods. Favette : near Nuttallburg common (Nntt-
all).

A. POLYGONOiDES Raf. ( Aiiycliia diclwtoma, Michx.).

This species first appeared in this locality in 1895, at the
bottom of a newly excavated railroad cut. Had the seeds
been buried and dormant? (Nnttall, 1837). Morris says:
"I should say, no. This species w^as common with and near-
ly as abundant as the next throughout the above mentioned
counties. It is probable that the newly excavated cut proved,
perhaps unusually suitable for the germination of scatter-
ing seeds."

A. DIVARICATA Raf.

\^■yoming: near Baileysville (Morris 125 pt.).

25-2 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

N Y M P H A E A C E A E.

CASTALIA Salisb.
C. CDORATA (Dryand), Woodv. & Wood. White Water Lily.
Nymphaea odorata. Ait.

In slack waters. Preston : near Pennsylvania line, rare.

NYMPHAEA L.

N. ADVENA Soland. Yellow Pond Lily.

In slack waters. Preston : near Terra Alta. Wood :
Wirt : Calhoun and Gilmer : along the Little Kanawha
River. Upshur : near Lorentz. Morgan : along the Little
Cacapon. Putnam : near Buffalo. Hardy : near Moorefield.
Pocahontas: Marlinton (Kellerman).

M A G N O L I A C E A E.

MAGNOLIA L.
M. ACUMINTA L. Cucumber Tree, 'Yellow Lin."

Rich woods. Monongalia : along the Monongahela River,
especially near Little Falls, Opekiska, and Montana. Wirt :
along Little Kanawha River. Randolph : on Point Moun-
tain, alt. 2335-3700 ft. Webster: along Buffalo Bull Moun-
tains. Nicholas : at Beaver Mills, and Collett's Glade.
Jackson : near Sandyville. Mineral : near Keyset . Preston :
along B. & O. R. R. Randolph : on Cheat Mountain, alt.
2800 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Monroe: near
Alderson. Summers : near Greenbrier Stock Yards ; near
Hinton. Kanawha : near Handley. Harrison : near Shinns-
ton and Lumberport. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Ntittall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
M. TRiPETALA L. Umbrella tree. {M. Umbrella, Lam.).

Rich woods near streams. Wirt : near Burning Springs.
Randolph: on Point Mountain, alt. 2800 ft. (Millspaugh) ;
near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1944). Kanawha : near Charles-
ton {Barnes; James). Nicholas: near Beaver Mills, alt.
2125 ft, Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Monongalia:
Little Falls. Summers : near Hinton. Harrison : near
Shinnston and Lumberport. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, rare
{Nuttall). Hardy : near Moorefield. McDowell : near Elk-
horn. Mercer : Bluestone Junction and Ingleside.

"This species forms a very conspicuous part of the forests
along Dry Fork and Crane Creek in McDowell County, and
along the Guyandot River in Wyoming county. A great
many young trees are now filling the places made vacant by

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 253

.the cutting- of a few selected trees of other species. It is
noticeable that until these trees reach the age of flowering
and thereafter there is none of the characteristic umbrella-
like clustering- of the leaves on the axis of the season but
they are strongly alternate and distant. This character con-
fuses the species with Magnolia acuminata in the young
large-leaved stage, unless the smoothness or pubescence of
the leaf-buds be noted" (Morris). In Webster county, at
Hacker Valley, this species is replacing "yellow poplar"
where that timber has been removed (H. H.' Smith).
M. Fraseri Walt. Ear-leaved Magnolia.

Leaves oblong-obovate or spatulate, auriculate at the base,
glabrous, 8 to 20 in. long ; petals obovate-spatulate, with nar-
row claws, 4 in. long. Rower more graceful and cone of
fruit smaller than in the preceding species.

Type locality doubtless in the Alleghanies of West Vir-
ginia, where it is abundant and in typical form.

Pocahontas : valley of the East Fork of Greenbrier River
(Greenman, 192). Deep rich mountain woods. Randolph:
on Point Mountain, alt. 3700 ft. (Millspaugh) ; near Pickens
(//. H. Smith, 1945). Webster: on Buffalo Bull Moun-
tain, alt. 3400 ft. Nicholas: near Beaver Mills, alt. 2125
ft. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Summers: near
Hinton. AIcDowell : near Elkhorn. Mercer : Bluestone Jc.

LIRIODENDRON L.

L. Tulipifera L. Tulip Tree, "White, Yellowy, or Hickory Pop-
lar."

Common in rich woods throughout the State. Magnifi-
cent trees in Randolph, Pocahontas, Greenbrier, Webster,
Nicholas, and Preston counties. Summers : near Hinton.
Fayette: near Kanawha Falls; near Nuttallburg, common
.(Xuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer:
near Ingleside.

A N O N A C E A E.

ASIMINA Adans.
A. triloba (L.), Dunal. Papaw.

Rich soil near streams, common. Wood : near Kanawha
Station ( Mills pan gh) ; near the mouth of the Little Kana-
wha (Michaux). Wirt: along Straight Creek Webster:
Buffalo Bull IMountains, alt. 2100 ft. Nicholas: along Peter
Creek. Fayette: along Gauley River. Kanawha, Putnam
and Mason : along the Great Kanawha. Gilmer : near Glen-

254 '^"ilE WEST \[K(;iXlA J'LORA

ville {Mallei). Greenbrier: near Ronceverte.' Sumn;ers :
near Hinton Marion : near Worthington, Fairmont and
Montana. Monongalia : general. Fayette : near Nuttallburg,
common (Ahittall). Morgan: near Cacapon. Hardy: near
Moorefield. Mercer : near Ingleside. Randolph : near Pick-
ens (H. H. Sjiiith, 1475).

R A N U N C U L A C E A E.

HYDRASTIS, Ellis.
H. Canadensis L. Yellow Root, Yellow Puccoon, Golden Seal.
Deep rich woods. Jackson : near Ripley. Wirt : near
Burning Springs. Grant : near Bayard. Upshur : summit
on Staunton pike. Lewis : along Leading Creek. Calhoun :
along Laurel Run. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel ; JSrozcn).
Monongalia : along Cheat River.

CALTHA L.
C. PALusTRis, L. jMarsh Marigold.

Two stations only known to me : Grant : in a spring run
in deep woods near Bayard, about fifty plants within an
area of one hundred feet. Preston : near Terra Alta.

HELLEBORUS L.
H. viRiDis L. Green Hellebore.

Hardy: near ^loorefield (Gaiiiblc). It was from speci-
mens sent to Dr. Gray from this station by Dr. Gamble, that
the location "W. Va." was credited in the Manual.

COPTIS Salisb.
C. TRIPOLI A (L.), Salisb. Gold Thread. {Isopynnn trifolium,
Britton).

Deep, rich mountain woods. Preston : near Mill Run and
Cranesville.

XANTHORRHIZA L' Her.
X. ApiiFOLiA L' Her. Shrub Yellow Root.

Rich rocky mountain woods. Nicholas : on ?\Iumble-the-
Peg Creek, plentiful. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common
(Nuttall). Upshur: {Pollock). Barbour: on river bank
near Tygart Junction (Grcciiiiiaii, 184).

ACTAEA L.
A. RUBRA (Ait.), Willd. Red Baneberry. (A. spicata rubra A'lt.).
Rich woods, infrequent. Randolph: on Point Mountain.
Grant : near Bavard. Tucker : near Davis.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 255

A. ALBA (L.) Mill. White Baneberry.

Rich woods. Randolph : on Point Mountain. Tucker :
near Davis. Grant : near Bayard. Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg (Niittall). Preston : near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

CIMICIFUGA L.
C. Americana Michx. American Bug-bane.

Plentiful throughout the mountain regions of Mineral,
Hampshire, Grant and Tucker counties. Hardy : near Moore-
field ; Randolph, Pendleton, Webster, Pocahontas and Green-
brier counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mc-
Dowell: near Elkhorn. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

C. racemosa (L.), Nutt. Rattle-weed, Black Cohosh.

Rich opens and clearings. Wood : near Leachtown.
Lewis : along Stone Coal Creek. Randolph : near Valley
Bend ; Point Mountain, alt. 3300 ft. Webster : Buffalo Bull
Mountains. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs Steele). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall) and frequent throughout the State.

AQUILEGIA L.
A. Canadensis L. Wild Columbine.

Damp, rocky places. Mineral : along Knobby mountains.
Monongalia : along Cheat River. Calhoun : along Little
Kanawha River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel; Brozvn).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hampshire: near
Does Gully. Hardy : near Moorefield.

A small form 6 to 8 inches high, with small leaves and
flowers. Mercer : near Beaver Spr.

DELIPHINIUM L.

D. tricorne Michx. Dwarf Larkspur.

Dry woods. Monongalia : along Cheat and Alononga-
hela Rivers. Marion: along the Monongahela. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel; Broziii). Frequent throughout the
northern part of the State. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Lewis: (Pollock).
Forma aluiflora IMillsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 322.

Monongalia : prevalent near Stumptown. The flowers
are pure white with no tinge of blue.
D. AjAcis Linn. Larkspur.

Escaped and thoroughly established near Wheelers, Web-
ster County (H. H. S}uith. 1652). Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown (Slniuk).

256 THE WEST \IRGINIA FLORA

D. CoNSOLiDA L. Field Larkspur.

Frequent in old fields and along- roadsides. Lewis : along
Stone Coal Creek. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Up-
shur : near Buckhannon. Randolph : near Beverly. Kana-
wha: near Kanawha Falls (James).

ACONITUM L.
A. uxciNATUM L. Wild Monk's Hood.

Deep, rich woods along streams. Randolph : along Cheat
River near Cheat Bridge. Monongalia : near Camp Eden.
Fayette: along New River near Nuttallburg (Niittall).
A. RECLiNATUM A. Gray.

Woodlands. Randolph : on Cheat Mountain (Gra^)). Pen-
dleton : in a damp depression on Spruce Knob ; and Poca-
hontas : on the Greenbrier River, "in neither place did the
plants appear to have the least tendency to trail : they were
strictly erect (A. B. Brooks).

ANEMONE L.
A. CYLiNDRiCA Gray. Long-fruited Anemone.

Dry Woodlands. Wood : near Leachtown. Jackson : near
Sandyville. Rare.
A. ViRGiNiANA L. Thimble-weed.

Open woods and meadows. Upshur : near Buckhannon
{Mills pail gh, Pollock). Monongalia: along the Mononga-
hela River. Webster: near Hacker Valley (//. H. Smith,
1649). Randolph: Rich Mountains, alt. 1825 ft. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, where it grows as tall as 4 ft. (Nuttall).
Frequent throughout the State.
A. Canadensis L. Pennsylvania Anemone. (A. Pennsyha-
nica, L.).

Rich woods, rare. Calhoun : along Laurel Run. Gilmer :
near Glenville (Mapel).
A. QUiNOUEFOLiA L. Wind-flowcr. Wood Anemone. A. ne-
morsa, L.).

Margins of rich woods and opens. Calhoun : along Laurel
Run. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nutt-
' allburg (Nuttall). And general throughout the State.

A. TRIFOLIA L.

Rich woods. Mercer : near Ingieside. McDowell : near
Elkhorn. Monongalia : near Camp Eden. Greenbrier : in
a dry ravine at White Sulphur Springs, alt. about 2,300 ft.
(Heller).

The altitude of the first two stations in the southern part
of the State is from 2,200-2,350 ft. ; these localities are along

WEST \"IRGIXIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 257

the same range of mountains as the original station of Canby
in \'irginia. The ]\lonongaHa station in the extreme north-
ern part of the State has an akitude of about 850 ft. and is
near Knipes' Pennsylvania station. Though I have not as
yet found the species at any point through the State that
would connect these distant localities, yet I fully believe that
many will be found in the future.

HEPATICA Scop.
H. Hepatica (L.)., Karst. Hepatica. Liver-leaf.

Rocky or rich woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs. Hardy : near
Moorefield {Gamble), fiercer: near Bluefield. ^lononga-
lia : along Decker's Creek. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, where
it often grows in clefts in rocks (XiittaH). And frequent
throughout the northern portions of the State.
H. ACUTA (Pursh.) Britt.

Rich woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel; Brown).
Greenbrier : near \\'hite Sulphur Springs. Monongalia :
near Cheat \'iew. McDowell: near Elkhorn. Mercer: Blue-
stone Jc. Throughout the State, especially eastward in the
mountains. ]\lore frequent than the preceding.

SYNDESMON Hoft'm'g.

S. thalictroides (L.) Hoffm'g. Rue Anemone. (Tlialicfrinn
anemonoidcs, ]\Iichx.).

Woods and hillsides. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Xuttall). Monongalia: near
Uffington and Morgantown. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gam-
ble), fiercer: near Beaver Spr. Frequent throughout the
State.

Forma rosea Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. \a., 319.

A beautiful rose colored clump of the species has per-
sisted for two years in ^Monongalia at Little Falls near the
Cascade.

CLEMATIS L.
C. ViRGiNiANA L. A'irgin's Bower.

River banks, fence rows, etc., ^Monongalia : Marion: Pres-
ton: Wood. Webster: Long Glade (Millspangh) ; near
Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith, 1648). Gilmer: Glenville
(Mapel). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Sum-
mers: near Hinton, Kanawha: near Charleston. Fayette:
near Xuttallburg (A'uttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele). Tucker: in a thicket near Parsons (Green-
man, 190).

25^" THli WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. V'lORNA L. Leather Flower.

Thickets in rich soil. Monongalia: Little Falls. Marion:
V^alley Falls {K. D. Walker). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nitttall). Summers: near Hinton.
C. ovATA Pursh.

Greenbrier Co. : in rocky soil high up on Kate's Mountain,
near White Sulphur Springs {N. L. Britton; Mackenzie;
Small; Heller 842).

ATRAGENE L.
A. Americana Sims. {Clematis verticillaris DC).

Rocky woods. Monongalia : near Cheat View.

TRAUTVETTERIA F. & M.

T. Carolinensis (Walt.) Vail. False Bug-bane. (T. paliiiata F.
&M.)._

Plentiful along the Blackwater Fork of Cheat, about one
mile below Davis in Tucker county. Fayette : near Hawk's
Nest; and Loup Creek (James) ; near Nuttallburg, common
(Niittall) ; near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon 26). Pres-
ton : (Pollock).

RANUNCULUS L.
R. OBTUSiuscuLUS Raf. Water Plantain Spear Wort (R. ambi-
geiis Wats.).

One station only ; Upshur : in a marshv spot near Lorentz
(Millspaugh; Pollock).
R. ABORTivus L. Small-flowered Crowfoot.

Damp, shady places, frequent throughout the State.
R. scELERATUS L. Cursed Crowfoot.

Moist places, common throughout the State.
R. micranthus Nutt.

In rich woods. Monongalia : near Seneca (Sheldon
4270).
R. Alleghaniensis Britton.

Mountain woods. Pocahontas: near Spruce Knob (A. B
Brooks).
R. HispiDUS Michx.

Dry woodlands and thickets. Greenbrier : near White Sul-
phur Springs (Egglesion, 4360).
R. RECURVATUS Poir. Hooked Crowfoot.

Rich, open woods. Abundant along the Monongahela
River in L^pshur, Barbour, Taylor, Marion, and Monongalia
counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, not common (Nnttall).
Hampshire: near Romney (Millspaugh, 1568). Mercer:
near Simmons.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 259

R. FAscicuLARis Muhl. Early Crowfoot,

Dry or moist grassy hillsides. Monongalia : near ^lor-
gantown. Mineral: near Keyser {Workman). Gilmer:
near Glenville {Mapcl). Hardy: near Moorefield {Gamble).
R. SEPTENTRiONALis Poir. Buttercup.

Moist, shady places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nnitall),
and general throughout the State.
R. Pennsylvanicus L. f. Pennsylvania Buttercup.

Damp woods. Monongalia and Marion : along the Monon-
gahela River.
R. repens L. Creeping Crowfoot.

Low grounds. Mineral : Banks of the Potomac near
Keyser. Jefferson : near Shenandale Springs.

R. BULBOSUS Linn.

Fields and roadsides. Monongalia: near Morgantown {A.
B. Brooks).
R. ACRis L. Tall Buttercups.

Waste places infrequent. Wood : near Parkersburg, Jef-
ferson : near Shenandoah Junction. Randolph : in clearings
on Cheat Mountain, near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,350 ft. ; near
Pickens {H. H. Smith, 1388). Preston: near Terra Alta
Workman). Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel).

THALICTRUM L.

T. DIOICUM L.

Rocky woods : frequent throughout the State. Especially
noticeable in the Alleghanies.
T. POLYGAMUM ]\Iuhl. Common Meadow Rue.

Damp meadows and near streams and ditches. Randolph :
rich growths in the bottoms along Tygart's Valley River
Fayette: near Kanawha Falls {James); near Nuttallburg,
alt. 2,000 ft. {Nnttall). Gilmer: near Glenville. Frequent
throughout the State.
T. PURPURASCENS L. PurpHsh Meadow Rue.

Dry, open woods and rocky hillsides. Wirt : near Eliza-
beth ; near Burning Springs. Webster : near Copper Glade.
Randolph: along Tygart's Valley River, alt. 2,100 ft. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

T. CLAVATUM DC.

Fayette : near Nuttallburg, in sandy clefts of rocks around
waterfall, alt. 2,000 ft., one station (Nuttall).

26o THE WRST VIRGINIA FLORA

B E R B E R I D A C E A E.

BERBERIS L.
B. Canadensis Mill. Barberry.

Fields and roadsides. Mercer : near Beaver Spring, where
it partakes of the nature of a weed {Millspaugh). Sum-
mers: near Hinton ( Egglcstoii, 5579). Monroe: along In-
dian Creek (F. E. Brooks).

B. VULGARIS L.

Thickets and roadsides. Monongalia : a wide escape near
Laurel Point. ]\Iercer: a wide escape near Ingleside.

CAULOPHYLLUM Michx.

C. THALicTROiDEs (L.) Michx. Blue Cohosh.

Deep, rich woods. Randolph : Rich Mountains ; Point
Mountain, alt. 3.300 ft. Monongalia : along the Mononga-
hela River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg {Nuftall). Mercer: near Bluefield. Fre-
quent throughout the State.

JEFFERSONIA Barton.
J. DiPHYLLA (L.) Pers. Twin-leaf.

Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Marion:
near Glover's Gap. Wetzel : near Littleton. Marshall :
near Glen Easton. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel; Brozvn).
Cabell: near Huntington (Sclby). Lewis: near Lorentz
Pollock).

PODOPHYLLUM L.
P. PELTATUM L. May Apple. Mandrake.

Frequent throughout the State, in some rich spots very
abundant. Randolph: Rich Mountains, alt. 1,610-2,125 ft.;
Point ^Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(N'lttfall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer:
Bluestone Jc.

^I E N I S P E R M A C E A E.

MENISPERMUM L.
M. Canadense L. Moonseed.

Thickets. Wirt : along Little Kanawha River. Marion
and Monongalia: along the r\lonongahela. Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, pistil-
late plants, rare (Nut fall). Randolph: along Tygarts Valley
River near Huttonsville. (G'rrr/!;//a;/, 175)- Hardy: near

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 261

Moorefield. jMercer : near Princeton ; and frequent along
streams throughout the State.

C A L Y C A N T ii A C E A E.

BUTNERIA Duham (1755).
{Calycanthiis, L. i/3q).
B. FLORIDA (L.) Kearney. Allspice. Sweet-scented Shrub.

Rich woods. Randolph : near Fords, on Staunton Pike,
thence frequent over Rich Mountains. Webster and Nicho-
las : along Buffalo Bull Ridge. Fayette : along the Gauley
River near Gauley Mountains. Summers : near Hinton.
B. FERTiLis (Walt.) Kearney {B. laevigatns in Flora).

Rich woods. McDowell : back of R. R. water tank neai
Welsh.

L A U R A C E A E.

SASSAFRAS, Nees & Eberm.

S. Sassafras (L.) Karst. Sassafras. {Sassafras officinale ^Qts.).
Thickets and opens. Abundant throughout the State.

BENZOIN Fabric.
B. Benzoin (L.) Coulter. Wild Allspice. Spice-bush. {Lin
dera Benzoin Blume).

Low woods. Common throughout the State.

P A P A V E R A C E A E.

SANGUINARIA L.

S. Canadensis L. Blood-root "Coon-root."

Rich woods, frequent. Randolph : Point Mountain. Mon-
ongalia : near Morgantown. Jefferson : near Flowing Spring,
and Shenandale Spring. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nnttall). Hardy: near ]\Ioore-
field {Gamble). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs
{Egglestoii, 4340). Throughout the State.

STYLOPHORUM Nutt.
S. DYPHLLUM (]\lichx.) Nutt. Celandine Poppy.

Old fields. Ohio: near Wheeling {Merts & Giittenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nnttall).

262 THE WEST \IRGINIA FLORA

CHELIDONIUM L.

C. MAjus L. Celandine.

^^'aste grounds, near dwellings. ^Monongalia : near
Easton ; near Morgantown. Jefferson : near Charlestown,
abundant. Lewis: near Weston. Hardy: near Moorefield
(Gamble). Hampshire: near Romney.

PAPAVER L.
P. DUBiUM L. Smooth-fruited Corn-poppy.

Cultivated grounds, and waste fields. Jeft'erson : near
Shenandoah Jc. ; near Charlestown, abundant. Berkeley:
near Hedgesville, a weed.

ADLUMIA Raf.

A. FUNGOSA (Ait.) Greene.

Monongalia: climbing over rocks, Tibb's Run (Mills-
paugh). Pendleton : top of Alleghany Mountains above Hor-
ton (Greenman, 195).

GLAUCIUM Juss.
G. Glaucium (L.) Karst.

Jefferson : near Charlestown, Shenandoah Junction, Spring
Mill, and Milltown.

BICUCULLA Adans.

B. Cucullaria (L.) Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 327. Dutch-

man's Breeches.

Rich woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown ; along Cheat
River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Hardy: near
Moorefield {Gamble). Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Lewis: (Pollock).
B. Canadensis (Goldie) Millsp. ibid. Squirrel Corn.

Rich woods. Monongalia and Marion : along the Monon-
gahela River. Preston : along Cheat River. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg (Nut fall).

B. ExiMiA (Ker.) Millsp. ibid.

Pocahontas : summit of Spruce Knob, alt. 4,800 ft. (Hop-
kins).

CAPNOIDES Adans (1763).
(Neckeria, Scop. 1777.)

C. SEMPERViRENS (L.) Bovck. Pale Corydalis. (N. glanca (L.)

Millsp.).

On rocks. Randolph : on Lone Sugar Knob. Gilmer :
near Glenville (.Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (A^iiff-

WEST \IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 263

all). Preston: near Aurora (Air. & Mrs. Steele). Poca-
hontas : {Pollock).

C. FLAVULUM (Raf.) Kuntze. Yellow Corydalis. N. Havula
(Raf.) Millsp.

Rich soils. Common throughout the northern counties.
Favette : near Nuttallburg (Niittall). Hardy: near Moore-
field.

C. AUREUM (Willd.') Kuntze. Golden Corydalis. (A^ aitrea,
(VVilld.) MillspO-

Along streams. Hardy : near Moorefield (Gfl;7!/?/c). Ohio:
near Wheeling {Mert:;^ 125).

FU MARIA L.
F. OFFICINALIS L. Fumitory.

Waste places. Hardy: near Moorefield {Gamble).

BRASSICACEAE.
(Cruciferae.)

LEPIDIUxM L.
L. ViRGiNicuM L. Wild Peppergrass.

Fields and roadsides, common throughout the State.
L. CAMPESTRE (L.), R. Br. English Peppergrass, "Glenn-weed,"
"Glenn-pepper," "Crowd-weed."

An exceedingly abundant weed in Jefferson and Berkeley
counties, where it is known as "Glenn-weed," it being first
noticed in the fields of Colonel Glenn ; who tells me that the
weed was quite plentiful, however, in these fields before he
purchased them, having been brought there in clover seed
bought in Hagerstown, Md., and sown by the previous owner
of the farm. The weed is now the worst pest in the large
wheat fields of those counties.

SISYMBRIUM L.
S. OFFICINALE (L.), Scop. Hedge Mustard.

Roadsides and ditches, too common throughout the State.
S. ALTissiMUM Linn.

Established in waste grounds at Morgantown, Monongalin
County {Sheldon, 3599).

BRASSICA L.
B. NIGRA (L.) Koch. Black Mustard.

Fields and waste places. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, much
eaten as "greens" in spring {Niittall). A common weed
throughout the State.

264 Till-; \Vi:ST \' IRC. IMA l-LORA

B. ARVENSis (L.), B. S. 1'. Charlock, "Crowd-weed," "Kraut-
weed." {B. Sinapistnmi lioiss.)-

A miserable weed in wheat fields in Jefferson and Berkeley'
counties. Less abundant elsewhere throughout the State.

RAPHANUS L.
R. SATixus L. Radish.

Frequently persistent in waste grounds and cultivated
fields, in many parts of the State.

BARBAREA R. Br.
B. Barbarea (L.) MacM. Yellow Rocket. (B. vuh^aris R.Br.).
Becoming a weed in many places in Jefferson : Berkeley :
Morgan: Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble): and other
counties.
B. PRAECOX (Smith), R. Br. Scurvy Grass.

Running wild near Charlestown in Jefferson ; and Lewis :
near Weston ( Millspaiigh). Ohio: near Wheeling {Rich-
ardson).

lODANTHUS T. & G.
L piNNATiFiDUS (Michx.) Stcudel.

Banks of the Ohio River. Ohio: near Elm Grove (Cur-
tis).

RORIPA Scop. 1760).
(NastiirtiiiiiL R. Br. 1812.)
R. Nasturtium (L.), Rusbv. Water Cress. (Nasturtiuui offici-
nale, R. Br.).

Cold spring runs, frequent. Jeft'erson : near Shenandale
Springs ; near Flowing Spring : Lewis : on Leading Creek.
Wirt : near Elizabeth.
R. SYLVESTRis (L.), Bcssey. Yellow Wood-cress. (Xastnrtinni
sylz'cstre, R. Br.).

jNIoist places in open woods, frequent. Monongalia : near
Morgantown. Preston : Cold Spring. Marion : near Mon-
tana. Jefferson : near Shenandale Springs.
R. OBTUSA (Nutt.) Britton. (Nastttrtiuni ohtusum Ntttt.).

River banks. Mason : near Point Pleasant.
R. PALusTRis (L.) Bessey. Marsh Cress. (Nasturtium palustre.
DC).

Marshy places and glades, infrequent. Webster: near
Welch Glade. Kanawha : near Charleston. Preston : near
Kingwood. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nnttall).
Mason : near Point Pleasant, banks of the Ohio. Wood :
near Parkersburg.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 26^

R. iiispiDA (Desv.) Britten. (A', pahistrc var. hispiaum, Gray).

Preston : near Kingwood.
R. Armoracia (L.) Hitch. Horseradish. (Nastnriium Arino-
racia Fries.).

Escaped from cultivation in many waste places and fields.
Marshall: frequent in several places where it is complained
of as a weed difficult to eradicate. Jefferson : near Shenan-
doah Junction.

CARD AMINE L.
C. PARViFLORA Linn.

On rocks. Monongalia : near Morgantown (A. B. Brooks) ;
near Uffington {Sheldon, 1366).
C. HiRsuTA L. Small Bitter Cress.

Wet places. Monongalia : Monongahela River below Mor-
gantown; above Little Falls. Marion: near Catawba and
elsewhere. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Xnttall). Randolph :
near Pickens {H. H. Suiith, 1406). '
C. BULBosA(Schreb.)B.S.P. Spring Cress. (C.rhomboidea, DC).
Wet meadows and springy places. Preston : Cold Spring.
Monongalia : road to Cheat River beyond Easton. Wood :
Kanawha Station. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common
{Niittall). Mercer: near Bluefield.
C. PURPUREA (Torr.)Britt. (C. rhomhoidea, var. purpurea, Torr.).
Damp places. Monongalia : near Morgantown ' (Mills-
paugh). Ohio: in a spring marsh near Wheeling {Merts,
144b). Upshur {Pollock)^
C. ROTUNDiFOLiA Michx. ]\lountain Water Cress.

Cool Springs. Preston : Cold Spring. Jefferson : Flowing
Spring. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Calhoun: Laurel
Run. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Ohio : near Wheel-
ing {Mert-, 145).
C. PRATENSis Linn.

Wet meadows. Ohio: near Wheeling (Riehordson).

C. Pennsvlvanica Muhl.

Wet places. Randolph : borders of Gandv Creek (Green-
man 374, 373) and vicinity of Horton.

DENTARIA L.

D. DipiiYLLA Michx. Pepper Root.

Common in deep, cool ravines and in the mountains.
Monongalia: Wirt: Wood: Calhoun: Lewis: Upshur: near
Buckhannon (Pollock) Jefferson : Grant : and Tucker coun-
ties. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel; Brozmi). Fayette:
Hawk's Nest (Porter); near Nuttallburg (Nnttall).

266 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

D. HETEROPIIYLLA Xutt,

Rocky, moist places. Monongalia : near Little Falls ; oppo-
site Uffington. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Xntfall).

D. LACINIATA Muhl.

Moist woods, frequent. Monongalia : opposite Beech-
woods and Uffington ; near Little Falls. Preston : Cold
Spring and elsewhere. Gilmer: near Glenville (Alapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble),
var. iNTEGRiFOLiA (Schulz) Fernald.

^lonongalia : near Morgantown {Grose 3571 visa).
var. MULTIFIDA Muhl.

Rich woods. Monongalia : near Little Falls.

BURSA Weber.

B. BuRSA-pASTORis (L.) Britton. Shepherd's Purse. {Capsclla

Bnrsa-pastoris Medic).

Fields and roadsides, common throughout the State.

CAMELINA Crantz.

C. SATiVA (L.) Crantz. False Flax.

Fields and waste grounds. Mineral : near Keyser ( Wort-
man). Jefferson : near Charlestown ; near Shenandoah Jc.

C. MicROCARPA Andrz.

Waste ground. Jefferson: near Shenandoah Jc. {Mills-
paugh).

DRABA L.

D. RAMOSissiMA Desv. Whitlow Grass.

On wet cliffs. Jefferson : cliffs along Shenandoah River
between Millville and Harper's Ferry. Tucker : Cliffs near
Falls of Blackwater. Hardy : near Moorefield.
D. VERNA L. Shad Flower.

Sandy wastes and roadsides. Monongalia : banks of Falling
Run ; banks of Monongahela below Morgantown, and neai
Little Falls. Marion : near Opekiska. Fayette : near Nutt-
allburg {AUittall). Greenbrier Co.: on Kate's Mountain, alt.
3,300 ft. {Small).

STENOPHRAGMA Celak.

S. Thaliaxa (Linn.) Celak. (Sisymbrium Thalianuiii Gay).

Waste grounds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Niittall).

WEST VIRGINIA GKOLOGICAL SURVEY 267

ARAB IS L.

A. PATENS Sulliv.

Moist rocky places in woods. Monongalia : near Monon-
gahela River at Ufifington. Preston : Cold Spring.
A. LAEVIGATA (Muhl.), Poir.

Rocky places, fr-equent. Monongalia: near Morgantown,
and little Falls. Marion : near Catawba. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg, common (Nnttall). Lewis: (Pollock).
A. Canadensis L. Sickle-pod.

Woods, and along cool runs. Monongalia: near Gran-
ville, near Morgantown and Uffington.

A. LYRATA L.

Rocky or sandy places. Monongalia : banks near mouth
of Cheat River. Alercer : near Ingleside.

ERYSIMUM L.
E. CHEiRANTHOiDES L. Womi-secd Mustard.

Roadsides and railroad embankments. Monongalia : near
Morgantown. Jefferson : near Shenandoah Junction. Min-
eral : near Piedmont.

HESPERIS L.
PI. MATRONALis L. Damc's violet.

Escaped to waste places. Monongalia : cinders of rail-
road banks near Morgantown.

CAPPARIDACEAE.

CLEOME L.

C. SPiNOSA L. Spider Flower. C. piiugens Willd.

Escaped from farther south, at Barboursville near the
Guyandot River, Cabell countv (James). Webster: Hacker
Valley (H. H. Smith, 1737).'

DROSERACEAE.

DROSERA L.

D. ROTUNDiFOLiA L. Sundcw.

Glades. Preston : Cranberry Summit : Morgan's Glade ;
and Terra Alta (Millspaugh) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs
Steele).

P O D O S T E M O N A C E AE.

PODOSTEMON Michx.
P. Ceratophyllum Michx.

"Three well marked stages, (a) an entirely sessile growth

268 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

on new surfaces, (b) matted growth of previous seasons on
old surfaces, with stems an inch or two high, (c) very old
masses with stems from five to eight inches high or as long
where the current prevented an erect habit ; in the Guyandot
River below Baileysville, Wyoming ' county, alt. i,ioo ft.,
August 15, 1900. {Morris, 12 10).

C R A S S U L A C E AE.

SEDUM L.

S. PULciiELLUM Michx.

Rocky places. Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry {Gray).

S. Nevii Gray.

Dry, rocky places. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur
Springs {Mills pangh, Egglcston 4367).
S. TERNATUM Michx. Stone-crop.

On rocks in deep woods and opens. Throughout the
State.

S. TELEPIIIOIDES Michx.

Drier situations. Throughout the northern counties.
Jefferson: Harper's Ferry {Gray). Hardy: near Moore-
field {Gamble). Hampshire: near Romney.
S. Telephium, L. Live-for-ever.

Along railroad banks. Jefferson, Morgan and Berkeley
counties.

PENTHORACEAE.

PENTHORUM L.

P. SEDOiDES L. Ditch Stone-crop.

"Open wet places, and ditches. Throughout the State.
Very luxuriant specimens three feet and more high were
noted in the delta of a spring, under limestone cliffs, below
Baileysville, Wyoming county" {Morris).

PARNASSIACEAE.

PARNASSIA Linn.

P. GRANDIFLORA DC.

Wet banks. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls {Selby).
P. ASARiFOLiA Vent.

Wet places Upshur: near French Creek {A. B. Brooks).

WEST \"iRGixi.\ (;eological sur\"Ey 269

S A X I F R A G A C E AE.

ASTILBE Hamilton.

A. BiTERNATA (Vent.) Britton. Goats-beard. (A. decandraDon.).
Rich woods. Alercer : near Wills.

SAXIFRAGA L.
S. ViRGiNiENSis IMichx. Early Saxifrage.

Exposed moist rocks and opens. General throughout the
State.
S. Pennsylvanica L. Swamp Saxifrage.

Glades. Preston : jMorgan's and Terra Alta Glades.
S. micranthidifolia (Haw.) B. S. P. Lettuce Saxifrage. (S.
crosa, Pursh.).

Spring-rills in deep woods. Alonongalia : near Camp
Eden. Grant : near Bayard. Tucker : along the Blackwater.

THEROFON Raf.
T. AcoNiTiFOLiuM (Nutt.) Millsp. Prcl. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 361.
(Boykiiiia aconitifolia, Nutt.).

Creek beds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg; plentiful along
the beds of creeks at an alt. of 1,800 ft., does not extend
down these beds as far as the shores of X^ew River (alt. i.ioo
ft.). Often 3-celled, sometimes the flowers 6-parted, few
/-parted (Xuttall).

TIARELLA L.

T. coRDi FOLIA L. False Mitre- wo'-t.

Rich, moist woods. Common throughout the Alleghanic
and the foot-hills. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Gil-
mer: near Glenville {Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
{Nuttall). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Mc-
Dowell: near Elkhorn. Mercer: near liluestonc Jc. (Mills-
patigh). Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).

AHTELLA L.

M. DiPHYLLA L. Mitre-wort. Bishop's Cap.

Rich, shady woods. Common throughout the State.

CHRYSOSPLENIUAI Linn.
C. A^[ERiCANUM Schwein.

In damp, shady situations. Monongalia : near Richard
(Sheldon, 4279).

270 Tllli VVKSr XIRGINIA I'l.OKA

HEUCHERA L.
H. viLLosA Alichx.

Rocky places. Fayette: Kanawha Falls (James): Loup
Creek {James). Nuttallburg {NtittaU) ; above Gauley
Bridge and at Gauley Junction {Egglestoii, 5534, 5541),
near Hawks Nest (Holton); Kanawha: near Coalburg
(James).
H. Americana L. Alum-root.

Rich, damp woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown, and
frequent elsewhere. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near White
Sulphur Springs. Grant : near Bayard. Tucker : near Davis.
Hampshire: near Romney. Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts,
859). Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
H. PARviFLORA Bartl. (H. Rugelii, Shuttlw.).

Shaded cliffs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common (Nutt-
all).
H. PUBESCENS Pursh.

Rich, deep woods. Randolph: near Durbin (Grccnman
376).

HYDRANGEA L.
H. ARBORESCENS L. Wild Hydrangea.

Rich opens. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Marion :
Opekiska. Wood : near Kanawha Station. Wirt : near
Burning Springs. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Lewis:
along Stone Coal Creek. Throughout the above range the
flowers were all fertile. Fayette : near Hawk's Nest
(James) ; near Kanawha Falls (James) ; near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Randolph: at Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1391).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

A form with grass-green marginal radiant flowers, in a
deep ravine in Fayette : near Nuttallburg.
Var. KANAWiiANA Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 363.

Low straggling bush, leaves small, paler beneath, acu-
minate, somewhat cordate at the base ; cymes very open and
branching, marginal radiant flowers many, i in. broad, fertile
flowers nearly glabrous, smaller than in the species. Along
the Little Kanawha River from Kanawha Station to Glen-
ville.

G R O S S U L A R I A C E AE.

RIBES L.
R. Cynosbati L. Prickly Gooseberry.

Deep rocky woods. Randolpli : along Cheat River, alt.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 2/]

3,360 ft. ; Point Mountain, alt. 3,700 ft. ; Rich A^Iountain, alt.
2,700. Grant : near Bayard. Preston : near Terra Alta
{Millspangh) ; near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Upshur:
near Buckhannon {Pollock). Pendleton: branch of Two
Spring Creek above Horton {Greeninan, 139) ; and frequent
throughout the northern and eastern counties. Hardy : near
Moorefield { Mills paugh). Nicholas: at Richwood {H. H.
Smith, 1743)-

R. ROTUNDiFOLiuM Michx. Smoolh Gooseberry.

Rich, cool, mountain woods, with the last, frequent {Mills-
paiigh). Pendleton: on Spruce Knob; and Pocahontas: at
Durbin {Greenman 140, 141).

R. PROSTRATUM L'Hcr.

Pocahontas: summit of Spruce Knob, alt. 4,800 ft. {Mills-
paiigh). Pendleton: west slope of Spruce Knob {Green-
man, 142) {Hopkins).

R. FLORiDUM L'Her. Wild Black Currant.

Rich woods. Randolph : near Beverly. Grant : near Bay-
ard. Preston : near Terra Alta. Fayette : near Xuttallburg
{Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling {Mertc, 829).

PI A M A M E L I D A C E AE.

HAMAMELIS L.
H. A'iRGiNiANA L. Witch-hazel.

Common in damp woods throughout the State.

LIOUIDAMBAR L.
L. STYRAciFLUA L. Swcct-gum. Alligator-wood.

Rich woods. The distribution of this species in the State
according to my notes of travel is, from east to west, as
follows : Beginning near the source of Peter Creek, in Nich-
olas county, it follows that stream to its junction with the
Gauley River, down this to its confluence with the New
River to form the Great Kanawha, which latter it follows
to the mouth of Elk River, whence it bears northward up
Eight Mile Creek to the Pocotaligo and its ^Middle Fork,
across to Mill Creek in Jackson, which it follows to the Ohio.

It is also noted in Gilmer: near GlenviHe {Mapel). Fay-
ette: near Kanawha Falls {Jonics) ; near Nuttallburg {I^titt-
all). . Cabell: near Huntington {Sclby). I have also met
with it in Summers : near Hinton ; and along the Greenbrier
River in that countv.

2^2 Tin-: W1£ST \IRGINIA FLORA

P L A T A N A C E AE.

PLATANUS L.
P. OCCIDENTAL! s L. Sycamore. Button wood.

All soils. Wood : at the mouth of the Little Kanawha
(MicJiaii.v). Common throus^hout the State.

ROSACE AE.

OPULASTER ^ledic.
(Physocorpa Raf. 1836.)
O. OPULiFOLius (L.) Kuntze. Nine-hark (Pliysocarpa opuli-
folia Raf.).

Along- streams, common. jMonongalia : along- the Monon-
gahela River. Webster : Upper Glade. Eayette : near Nutt-
allburg {Niittall). Hardy: near Aloorefield. Upshur: near
Buckdiannon (Pollock).

SPIRAEA L.
S. CORYMBOSA Raf. Birch-leaved Meadow-sweet. {S. bctiiH-
folia Pall.).

Rich mountain woods. Webster : near Upper Glade.
Hardy: near Aloorefield (Gamble).
S. ViRGiNiANA Britt. West Virginia Meadow-sweet.

Discovered 1890 along the Monongahela River near Mor-
gantown. The following description is taken from Prof
Britton's account of the plant in "Bull. Torrey Club," Dec.
i8go.

"A glabrous shrub, the branches forming long wands,
erect or reclining, 1-4 ft. long. Leaves oblong or slightly
oblanceolate, thin, obtuse or short-pointed at the apex, roimd-
ed or cuneate at the base, 13/2 to 2 in. long, 5-8 lines wide,
green above, pale beneath, entire or with a few low serration?
in the upper half; petioles 2 lines long; pedicels and pedun-
cles pale and glaucous ; flowers about 2-lines broad, in term-
inal compound corymbs 1-3 in. across; calyx teeth 5, tri-
angular, blunt, about the length of the short-canipanulate
tube, distinctly glaucous ; petals 5, white, ovate-orbicular,
obtuse; stamens 15-20, persistent; styles 5-6; follicles in the
specimens examined, 5-6, apparentlv sterile, included in the
persistent calyx."

"On damp rocks along the T^Ionongahela Rivei«, Morgan-
town, W est Virginia, collected by Dr. C. E. AL'llspaugh in
]lower, June 20th, 1890, and in apparently imperfect fruit

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 2/3

late in September. Collected also by Mr. G. R. Vasey in the
mountains of North Carolina, 1878."

''Spiraea hctulaefolia, Pall, and vS". corymbosa, Raf., have
much longer follicles exserted beyond the calyx, broader,
thicker, and dentate leaves, and are different in habit. Ra-
finesque published a number of species in his New Flora, but
none of them can apply to this one."

Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
S. SALiciFOLiA Linn. Queen of the Prairie.

Meadows. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Preston :
near Terra Alta (MillspaugJi) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Airs.
Steele). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuftall). Forming a
hedge along a woodland swamp between Harvey and Trap
Hill, Raleigh county (Morris). Upshur: near Buckhannon
(Pollock). Randolph: at Elkins (Greenuian, 189).
S. TOMENTOSA L. Hardback. Steeple-bush.

Low grounds. Webster : Welch Glade. Wood : near
Lockhart's Run. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Ran-
dolph: in a pasture at Elkins (Greennian, 188).

ARUNCUS Adans.
A. Aruncus L. Goat's Beard. (Spiraea Aruncus L,.).

Rich ground and along streams. Monongalia : near Mor-
gantown, Uffington, Little Falls, Day Creek and Granville
along the Monongahela. Randolph : along Middle Fork, on
Rich Mountains, alt. 2,125 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Ma-
pel).

PORTERANTHUS Britton (1894).
(Gilienia, Moench. 1802 not Adans 1763.)
P. TRiFOLiATUS ( L. ) Britton. Bowman's Root. Indian Physic.
(Gilienia trifoliata Moen.).

Rich woods, f recjuent. Webster : Welch and Long Glades.
Monongalia : along the Monongahela River from, Little Falls
to Beech Woods. Mineral: near Keyser (Wortman). Sum-
mers: near Hinton. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
Mercer : near Ingleside. Greenbrier Co., on Kate's Mountain,
alt. 3,300 ft. (Small; Eggleston, 43^2).
P. STiPULATUS (Muhl.), Britton. American Ipecac. (Gilienia
stipulacea Nutt.).

Borders of woods. Wood : between Kanawha Station and
Lockhart's Run.

RUBUS L.
R. Americanus (Pers.) Britton. (R. trifloroiis Rich.).

Open places. Preston: at Craneville Glade (Rtimsey).

274 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

R. ODORATUS L. Purple-flowering Raspberry. Thimble-berry.
Damp rock) places. Monongalia : near Little Falls. Grant :
near Bayard. Randolph : near Crickard P. O. Fayette : nea:
Kanawha Falls {James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Summers: near
Hinton. Hardy : near Moorefield (Gamble). Upshur : near
Buckhannon (Pollock).
R. CoLUMBiANUS (Millsp.) Rydb.

Leaves ample, 5-7-incised, divisions oblong-lanceolate long
and taper pointed, sharply and mostly double serrate. Inflor-
escence smaller, more compact and the fruit smaller than in
the previous species and of a more decided musky taste.
Monongalia: cool woods, libbs Run.
R. STRiGOSUS Michx. Wild Red Raspberry.

Thickets Fayette: near Nuttallburg, not plentiful (Nutt-
all). Pocahontas: Spruce Mountain (Hopkins).
R. occiDENTALis L. Black Raspberry,

Frequent throughout the State.
R. NiGROBAccus Bailey. High Blackberry. (R. vUlosiis of Flora.)

Common everywhere in the State.
R. ARGUTUS Link, fide Rydberg.

Roadsides, Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1384).
R. Baileyanus Britton. (R. villosus hnmifusus T. & G.).

Woods and river banks. Favetle : near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all).
Var. FRONDOSUS Bigel.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Tun-
nellton
R. MiLLSPAUGHii Britt.

This species was described in "The Bulletin of the Torry
Club" for 1 89 1, page 366, as follows :

"Ascending, wand-like, entirely unarmed or with a very
few wea'k prickles above, glabrous throughout or the young-
er shoots scurfy pubescent. Stems one and one-half to four
meters long; leaves long petioled, pedately 5-foliate or some
of those one the twigs 3-foliate ; leaflets thin, oval, glabrous
on both sides, long-acuminate at the apex, mostly rounded
at the base, 12-15 cm. long, about 5 cm. wide, sharply, but
not deeply serrate; stock of the terminal leaflet 7-10 cm,
long ; inflorescence loosely racemose ; bracts linear-lanceolate ;
acuminate ; fruit black, about 10 mm. long."

"Nearest to R. villosus, but evidently a distinct species.
Curiously enough there is a leaf of this species glued down
on the sheet of R. Canadensis, L in herb Linn., and it ap-
pears to have been included in his description of that species
— the specimens furnished by Kalm."

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 2/5

Near the summit of Point Mountain in Randolph county
at an altitude of 3,500 ft., also along the Gandy in great pro-
fusion. Pendleton and Pocahontas : on Little Rich Moun-
tains abundant. The mountaineers claim that it is upon this
species that the bears grow fat for their period of hiberna-
tion, the fruit being late to ripen and very nutritious.

Mr. John K. Small remarks in his Studies of Botany of
the Southeastern United States, Bull Torr. Club, 21 :i9
(1894) in reporting this species: "Grows on the walls of
the canon at Tallulah Falls, Ga. Collected in flower in April,
1893; alt. 1,600 ft. This most likely locates the southern
limit of the geographical range of R. Millspaughii. Being a
typical high mountain species, it is not to be expected much
below 1,600 feet, and just south of the above-mentioned lo-
cality the Blue Ridge 'runs out' into the plains. Further
south the land decreases gradually in altitude until the gulf
is reached. According to my observations the above plant
thrives most vigorously at altitudes ranging from 4,500 to
6,000 ft. It grows well at lower elevations, but never in such
a prolific manner." Mr. Small and Anna M. Vail also give
in their "Report of the Botanical Explorations of South-
western Virginia, 1892," the following additional localities
for this species : "Above Fox Creek, on Pine ]\lountain in
deep woods, alt. 3,000 ft. Summit and slopes of Mt. Rodgers,
alt. 4,000 to 5,719 ft. Summit of White Top Mountain, alt.
5,678 ft. Slopes and summit of White Rock Mountain, alt.
3,000 to 4,400 ft."

The species was also collected by Mr. T. H. Kearney, Jr.,
at the summit of Thunderhead (about 6,500 ft.), and on
Chilhowee Mountain (at about 1,500 ft.), in Blount Co.,
Tennessee. Reports of the collection of the species in the
mountains of North Carolina, New Hampshire, and northern
Michigan have been made.

The species is reported as common in thickets at Wilton
and Southport, Maine (Fernald), and at Deering, Maine
(BlankinsJiip).
R. Canadensis L. Dewberry.

Abundant on dry hillsides throughout the State.
R. Allegheniensis Porter. Leucretia Dewberry. (R. Canaden-
sis roribaccus Bailey).

Dry hillsides. Randolph : near Beverly.

This new variety of the species is described by Prof.
Bailey in the American Garden, November, 1890, as follows :
"Plant larger and stronger; leaflets broad below, usually tri-
angular-ovate, doubly serrate with small teeth, and more or
less notched and jagged; peduncles longer, straighter and

276 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Stouter, liabituously more numerous and more conspicuously
overtopping the leaves; flowers very large (sometimes two
inches across) ; sepals uniformly larger, some of them much
prolonged and leaf-like and conspicuously lobed (sometimes
becoming an inch long and wide) ; fruit much larger."
R. HiSPiDUS L. Running Swamp-Blackberry.

Glade regions of Preston. Randolph and Webster coun-
ties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall).
R. TRiviALis Michx. Low Bush-blackberry.

Sandy soil. Kanawha: near Charleston (Jaii'cs).

DALIBARDA L.

D. REPENS L.

Deep mountain woods. Grant : near Bayard. Tucker :
along Blackwater Fork of Cheat (Millspaitgli). Preston:
near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

DRY.MOCALLIS Fourr.
D. ^RGUTA (Pursh.) Rydb. {Potentilla argnta Pursh.).

Dry situations. Upshur: near French Creek {A. B.
Brooks).

FRAGARIA L.

F. ViRGiNiANA Duches. Wild Strawberry.

Moist woodlands and fields, common. ^Monongalia : near
Morgantown (Brozvn). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel)
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall). Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble).
F. \ESCA L. Northern Wild Strawberry.

Shady woods, less common than the last. Kanawha : neai
Charleston {James). Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).

DUCHESNEA J. E. Smith.
D. Indica (Andr.) Focke. Indian Strawberry. {Fragaria In-
dica Andr.).

Escaped to waste places. Monongalia : near Morgantown.
Kanawha: near Charleston {Barnes, Coulter, C. L. Brooks).

ULMARIA Hill.
U. RUBRA Hill. (Spiraea lohafa Gronov.).

Escaped and established near Pickens, Randolph County
{H. H. Smithy I S42).
U. Ulmaria (L.) Barnhart. {Spiraea Ulmaria Linn.).

Escaped and established near Pickens, Randolph County
(H. H. Smith, 1543).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 2"]'/

POTENTILLA L.

P. MoNSPELiENSis L. {P. Norvcgica L.)-

Fields and wet places. Wood : near Kanawha Station.
Monongalia : near Morgantown. Grant : near Bayard. Fay-
ette : near Nuttallburg' rare {Nuttall). Tucker: near Davis,
Randolph: near Pickens {H. H. Smith, 1365).
P. Canadensis L. Cinquefoil.

Dry fields, an abundant weed throughout the State.
Far. SIMPLEX (Michx.) T. & G.

Dry fields. Ohio: near Wheeling {Merts & Gutteiiberg).
P. suLPHUREA Lam. (P. recta Am. Auth.).

Found growing in abundance in a meadow near South
Fairmont, Marion County {Boutlou).

WALDSTEINIA Willd.
W. FRAGARioiDES (Michx.) Tratt. Barren Strawberry.

Wooded hillsides. Grant : near Bayard. Greenbrier : near
White Sulphur Springs (Heller, 830).

GEUM L.
G. RiVALE Linn.

In swampy places. Preston : in "Pine Swamp" near
Cranesville (A. B Brooks).
G. Canadense Jacq. (G. a/^M;» Gmel.).

Woods and thickets. Calhoun, Wood, Grant, Mineral, and
Monongalia Counties. Fayette : near . Kanawha Falls
{James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Summers: near Hin-
ton (Mills pan gh). Webster: on Tater Knob (H. H. Smith,
^477)-

G. ViRGINIANUM L.

Borders of woods and low grounds. Wood, Wirt, Cal-
houn, Gilmer, Marion, Lewis, Monongalia, and Jefferson
Counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall)
G. FLAVUM (Porter) Bicknell.

Along Madam Creek opposite Hinton, Summers County,
alt. 1,500 ft., July 9, 1900 (Morris, 965) ; along the Guyandot
River below Baileysville, Wyoming County, alt. 1,250 ft.,
August 15, 1900 (Morris, 1218).
G. VERNUM (Raf.) T. & G.

Moist places. Monongalia : near Morgantown, Little
Falls. Marion : near Opekiska.

AGRIMONIA L.
A. HiRSUTA (Muhl.) Bicknell. (A. Eupatoria of Flora).

Borders of woods, frequent throughout the State. In a

278 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

thicket about a spring near Kegley, Mercer County, alt. 2,100
ft., July 21, 1900 (Morris, 1042). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
A. PARViFLORA Soland.

Woods and glades. Randolph : on Lone Sugar Knob.
Preston : near Terra Alta. Webster : Long Glade. Nicholas :
Collett's Glade. Tucker : near Davis. Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Niittall). Summers: near Hinton.
Monroe : near Alderson.
A. Brittoniana Bicknell.

Dry, open field. Webster : summit of Lone Tree Knob
(Millspaugh, 450).
A. GRYPOSEPALA Wallr.

Dry situations: Randolph: at Ford's (Millspaugh, 425).
A. MOLLIS (T. & G.) Britton.

Dry woods and thickets. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).
A. STRIATA Michx.

Dry woods. Randolph: summit of Rich Mountain (Mills-
paugh, 450). Pocahontas: valley of the East Fork of the
Greenbrier River (Greenman, 137).

SANGUISORBA L.

S. Canadensis L. Burnet. (Poteriuni Cauadense Gray).

Rich, moist woods. Randolph : along Cheat River.
Tucker : along Blackwater Fork of Cheat. Monongalia :
Cheat River near Camp Eden. Preston : Terra Alta (Mills-
paugh) ; at Read (Greenman, 171).

ROSA L.

R. SETIGERA Michx.

Escaped and established commonly about Fairmont, Ma-
rion County (Boutlou).
R. Carolina L Carolina Rose.

Damp places. Wood : near Kanawha Station, profuse.
. L'pshur : near Buckhannon. Webster : Long Glade. Ran-
dolph ; meadows along Tygart's Valley River. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
R. HUMiLis Marsh. Dwarf Wild Rose.

Dry soils. Wood : near Kanawha Station. Monongalia :
near Ufifington and Beechwoods. Gilmer: near Glenville
(Mapel). Fayette : near Nuttallburg (A/'m^^q//). Summers:
near Hinton.
R. LuciDA (Ehrh.) Larger Wild Rose.

Shaded hillsides. Kanawha : near Charleston (J antes ^

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 279

Barnes). jMonongalia : plentiful along Cheat River above
Camp Eden. Fayette: Kanawha Falls (James).

R. RUGOSA Thunb.

Established at Morgantown, Monongalia County (Shel-
don).

R. RUBiGiNOSA L. Sweet-brier. Eglantine.

Frequent along roadsides and thickets. Nicholas : along
Gauley River. Randolph : Staunton Pike on Cheat Moun-
tains. Summers : near Hinton. Monongalia : near Ice's
Ferry.

R. CANINA L.

Rocky Banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall).

POMACE AE.

SORBUS L. "

S. Americana Alarsh. Mountain Ash. (Pyrus Americana DC).

Damp mountain woods. Randolph : near Cheat Bridge.

Grant : near Bayard. Tucker : near Davis ; and along the

Blackwater. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

Pendleton: on Spruce Knob (Greenman, 148).

MALUS Hill.
M. CORONARIA (L.) Mill. Wild Crabapple. (Pyrus coronaria L.).
Opens and damp places. Monongalia : frequent about
Morgantown. Marion : along the Monongalia River. Gil-
mer: near Glenville (Mapel). Upshur: near Buckhannon
(Pollock). Pocahontas: near Travelers Repose (Greenman,
170). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall). Mercer: near
Beaver vSpr. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs
(Eggleston, 4324, 4369)-
M. ANGUSTiFOLiA (Ait.) Michx. Narrow-leaved Crab. (Pyrus
angustifolia Ait.).

Glady regions of Preston, Webster and Nicholas Counties
(Millspattgh). Pocahontas: near Durbin (Greenman, 143).
M. glaucescens Rehder.

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4323,
4363). Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston, 5571).

ARONIA Medic.
A. ARBUTiFOLiA (L.) Mcdic. Choke Berry. (Pyrus arbuti-
folia L.).

Damp places. Webster : Upper Glade. Preston : near
Terra Alta. Nicholas : Collett's Glade. Fayette : near Nutt-

28o THE WEST \TKGINIA FLORA

allbur^", alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall). Upshur: near Buckhannon
(Pollock).
A. NIGRA (Willd.) Britten. (P. arbuiifolia uiclanocarpa Alichx.)
Preston : Reedsville Glade ; Morgans' Glade. Webster :
Upper and Welch Glades.

AMELANCHIER Aledic.
A. Canadensis (L.) Medic. Shad Bush. June Berry.

Common generally, even in the higher mountains.
A. Botryapium (L.f.) U.C. {A. canadensis oblongifoliaT. & G.)

Open woodlands. Preston: near Reedsville {Runisey).

CRATAEGUS L.
C. amara Ashe.

Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston, 5578, 5592).
C. RoANENSis Ashe.

Summers: near Hinton {Eggleston, 5572, 5588). Hamp-
shire: near Romney (Brooks).
C. Margaretta Ashe. (C. Broumii Britton).

Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston,
4^iy-2i, 4326, 4329, 4362, 4368) ; on Kate's Mountain
(Small). Fayette: near Thurmond (Eggleston, 5555-6,
5559' 5561)- Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston, with red
fruit 5582, with yellow 5583; 5589).
C. straminea Beadle.

Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4322,
4330, 4370). Summers : near Hinton (Eggleston 5563, 5570).
C. pruinosa (Wendl.) K. Koch.

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4327,
4372). Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston, 5586).
C. succulenta Schrad. (C. macrantha Lodd.)

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4328,
4371). Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston, 5593).
C. MACROSPERMA Ashc. forma.

Greenbrier : about the base of Kate's Mountain near White
Sulphur Springs (Eggleston, 4332). Monongalia: near
Morgantown ( Brooks) .
C. PAusiACA Ashe.

Upshur: near Buckhannon (Brooks).
C. FOETiDA Ashe.

Grant: along Abram Creek (Brooks).
C. HoLMESiANA Ashe.

Monongalia: near Morgantown (Brooks).

C. SPATHULATA Michx.

Rocky woods. Mercer : near Beaver Spring, and Wills.
McDowell : near Elkhorn.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 281

C. CORDATA (Mill.) Ait.

Rocky mountain woods, fiercer : near Beaver Spring,
Ada, and Ingleside.

C. OXYACANTHA L.

River banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. APiiFOLiA (Marsh.) Michx.

Rocky woods. Mercer : near Ingleside and at Beaver
Spring.
C. cocciNEA L. Scarlet Thorn.

Thickets. Calhoun : Lower Leading Creek. Monongalia :
near Ice's Ferry. Marion : near Opekiska. Gilmer : near
Glenville (Mapcl). Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
Upshur : near Buckhannon. Summers : near Hinion. Hardy :
near Moorefield {Gamble). Mercer: near Ingleside.
C. MOLLIS (T. & G.) Scheele. (C. coccinea, var. mollis, T. & G.)

Mercer : near Beaver Spring and Ingleside.
C. TOMENTOSA L. Black Thorn,

Uplands. Monongalia : near Stewartstown and Uffing-
ton ; road to Dorsey's Knob. Randolph : near Cheat Bridge.
Tucker : along the Blackwater. Wirt : near Elizabeth. Wood :
near Lockhart's Run. Summers : near Hinton. McDowell :
near Elkhorn. Grant: near Abram Creek {Brooks).
C. PUNCTATA Jacq.

Borders and open woods. Monongalia : near Ice's Ferry ;
Cheat River above Camp Eden. Greenbrier : near White
Sulphur Springs {Eggleston 4325, Mllispaugh). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
C. Crus-galli L. Cockspur Thorn.

Thickets. Monongalia : frequent. Marion : near Hough-
town. Preston : near Reedsville and Terra Alta. Mineral :
near Keyser. Jefferson : near Shenandoah Junction. Up-
shur: near Buckhannon. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nutt-
all); near Gauley Bridge {Eggleston, 5538). Greenbrier:
near White Sulphur Springs. Summers : near Hinton
Hardy: near Moorefield {Gamble). Mercer: near Beaver
Springs and Ingleside.
C. FLAVA Ait. Summer Haw.

Shady river banks. Fayette : banks of New River near
Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Mercer: near Ingleside; along
stream opposite Wills. McDowell : along Tug Fork, near
Welch.
C. UNiFLORA Muench. {C. parviiiora Ait).

Sandy woods. Mercer : along streamlet near Ingleside
{Millspaugh). Summers: near Hinton {Eggleston: with red
fruits 5573, with yellow fruits 5574).

2>^J TIIK VVi:Sr \1KGIN1A FLORA

C. biOTUNDiFOLiA (Ehrli.) pjork,

Greenbrier Co.: on Kate's Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. {Siiiall).

DRUPACEAE.

PRUNUS L.

P. Americana Marsh. Wild Yellow or Red Plum.

River banks and woodlands. Hard\ : near Moorefield.
Monongalia : near Morgantown. Marion : near Opekiska.
Tyler: near Long Reach (Col. Johnson). Wood: near
Lockhart's Run. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Ran-
dolph: near Pickens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall) ;
above Gauley Bridge (Eggleston, 5530).
P. ANGUSTiFOLiA Michx. (P. cliicasa Michx.).

Thickets. Monongalia : Permian formations near Cass-
ville. Tyler : near Long Reach.
P. Pennsylvanica, L. f. Wild Red Cherry.

Rocky woods. Very common throughout the eastern por-
tion of the State.
P. ViRGiNiANA L Choke Cherry.

Moist, shady places, common.
P. SEROTiNA Ehrh. Wild Black Cherry.

Common throughout the State, where it often forms ex-
tensive and very valuable forests. • This is especially true of
the tree in the central eastern section.

AMYGDALUS Linn.
A. Persica L. Peach.

Several trees were growing in the woods along Dry Fork
above Peeryville, McDowell County, alt. 1,300 ft., August 4,
1900 (Morris, 1130).

CAESALPINACEAE.

CERCIS L.
C. Canadensis L. Red-bud. Judas' Tree.

Especially common on hillsides along the Great Kanawha
River in Putnam and Mason Counties. Monongalia : along
Cheat River ; and the Monongahela. Wirt : along Little Kan-
awha River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nnttall). Summers: near Hinton.

CASSIA L.
C. Marilandica L. Wild Senna.

Sandy alluvium. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 283

near Gauley Bridge. Gilmer: near Glenville {Prof. Brozvn).
Kanawha : near Pocotaligo. Jackson : near Sandy ville. Jef-
ferson : near Harpers Ferry. Mason : near Point Pleasant.
Harrison : near Shinnston. Summers : near Hinton. Monon-
galia : near Morgantown. Hardy: near Moorefield {Gam-
hie).

C. Medsgeri Shafer.

Dry gravelly situations. Ohio: near Wheeling {Gutten-
berg).

C. Chamaechrista L. Partridge Pea.

Sandy fields. Monongalia : near the mouth of Cheat
River. Marion : near Opekiska. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
{Nut tall) .

C. NicTiTANS L. Wild Sensitive Plant.

Sandy places. Monongalia : along the Monongahela River.
Marion : near Clements. Fayette : near Nuttallburg {Nutc-
all) ; near Hawks Nest {Holton). Barbour: near Tygart
Junction {Greenman, i8i). Mason: near Point Pleasant.
Summers: near Hinton. Hardy: near Moorefield {Gamble).

C. NICTITANS COMMIXTA ( Poll. & Max.) comb. nov.

Chamaecrista nictitans commixta Pollard & Maxon, Proc.
Biol. Soc. Wash., 14:163 (1901).

Plant of low stature, very densely and divaricately branch-
ing, the stems finely pubescent or puberulent : leaves resem-
bling those of nictitans but often with more numerous leaf-
lets; petiolar gland cupulate or truncate, usually nearly ses-
sile ; flowers and fruits as in C. nictitans.

Collected by Charles L. Pollard and William R. Maxon in
alluvial soil along New River at Quinnimont, Fayette County,
August 21, 1899. Their No. 31, the type, is in the National
Herbarium as No. 357,069.

GLEDITSIA L.
G. triacanthos L. Honey or Black Locust.

Rich woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Wirt : on
Nigh-Cut Hill. Randolph: Rich Mts.;" Point Mt., alt. 23-
3,700 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville. Hardy: near Moorefield.

GYMNOCLADUS Lam.

G. DioiCA (L.) Koch. Kentucky Coffee-tree. {G. Canadensis,
Lam.).

Rich woods, infrequent. Randolph : Point Mountain, be-
yond Valley Bend. Webster : Buffalo Bull Mountain, along
ridge.

284 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

PAPILIONACEAE.

BAPTISIA Vent.
B. TiNCTORiA (L.) R. Br. Wild Indigo. "Shoo Fly."

Sandy opens. Randolph : along Middle Fork ; along
Tygart's Valley River; Point and Rich Mountains. Web-
ster : beyond Addison. Nicholas : between long and Collett's
Glades. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Kanawha: near
Coalburg (James). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Ntittall).
Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock). Preston: near Terra
Alta.
B. viLLosA (Walt.) Nutt.

Rocky woods. Mercer : near Ingleside.

B. AusTRALis (L.) R. Br. Blue False Indigo.

River shores. Ohio : along the Ohio near Wheeling
(Mertz & Guttenberg). Along New River. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, common (Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton,
abundant. Mercer : Beaver Springs.

LUPINUS L.
L. PERENNis L. Lupine.

Sandy soils. Monongalia : near the mouth of Cheat River.

ULEX Linn.
U. EuROPAEus L. Gorse.

Largely escaped and fully naturalized on a cleared hillside,
with no evidence of a previous habitation. Randolph : near
Pickens, where it is called "Thistle" (H. H. Smith, 2022).

CYTISUS Linn.

C. scoPARius (L.) Link. Broom.

An extensive naturalization of this species occurs with the
Ulex near Pickens, Randolph County, where it is used for
house brooms and called, locally, "Ginster" (H. H. Smith,
1928).

MEDICAGO L.
M. SATivA L. Lucerne.

Dry places. Monongalia : in cinders of railroad near
Morgantown, where it has persisted for several years.
M. LUPULiNA L. Black Medic.

Dry places. Marion: near Catawba (Walker). Monon-
galia : near Uffington.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 285

MELILOTUS Juss.

M. OFFICINALIS (L.) Lam. Yellow Melilot.

Ohio: near Wheeling {Mertz & Guttenberg).
M. ALBA Desv. White Melilot. Sweet Clover. Bokhara Clover.
Roadsides and ditches. Jackson : near Sandyville. Wood :
near Parkersburg. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Berke-
ley : near Martinsburg. Jefferson : near Summit Point, and
Shenandoah Junction Mason : near Pt. Pleasant. Mineral :
near Keyser. Hardy : near Moorefield,

TRIFOLIUM L.

T. ARVENSE L. Rabbit-foot Clover.

Established in many places along roadsides and in old
fields. Kanawha : near Pocotaligo. Jackson : along C. & P.
Pike. Mineral: near Keyser (IVorkiuan). Cabell: near
Barboursville (/a/nc.?). Jefferson : near Charlestown. Hamp-
shire : near Romney.
T. PRATENSE L. Red Clover.

A common escape to fields roadsides, and open woods;
even in the higher Alleghenies. With pure white flowers.
Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1367).
T. ViRGiNicuM Small, Mem. Torr. Club, 4:112 (1894) Tab. 75.

Perennial from a large and long root, dift'usely branched
from the summit of the root ; branches 2 to 4 cm. long, strict-
ly prostrate, pubescent ; leaves 3-foliate, petiole 4 to 8 cm.
long ; leaflets linear, linear-lanceolate or oblanceolate, i to 4
cm. long, acute or cuspidate, serrate-dentate, glabrous above,
more or less silky beneath, conspicuously veined ; sepals
ovate, conspicuous ; inflorescence in terminal, globose heads,
about 2.5 cm. in diameter; flowers whitish, more or less
crowded on slender pedicels, .2 to .4 cm., standard emarginate-
mucronate, striate ; calyx clothed with long silky hairs, the
teeth subulate, nearly half the length of the corolla. Pods
and seeds not seen.

Growing on the rocky slopes of Kate's Mountain, Green-
brier County, in company with Clematis ovata {Small; Mac-
kenzie; Heller, 843).

This species is most closely related to T. stolonifcnun by
its flower, but in all other respects it differs from that and
all the other eastern American species.
T. REPENS L. White Clover.

Fields, open woods, and waste places ; common throughout
the State.

286 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

T. HYBRiDUM L. Alsike Clover.

Becoming frequent in fields and meadows. Monongalia:
on the University Campus.

T. STOLONIFERUM Mulll.

In dry woodlands. Monongalia: near Marilla (Sheldon,
1640).
T. AUREUM Poll. (T. agrarium Linn.).

Sandy hills and roadsides. Upshur : near Buckhannon ;

summit on Staunton Pike. Randolph : Cheat Mountain

Battlefield. Cabell : near PTuntington (/a//ft^.?). Hampshire:

near Romney. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

T. PROCUMBENS I.. Low Ycllow Clover.

Sandy fields, and roadsides, Kanawha : near Charleston
(Barnes). Jackson: plentiful in fields and along roads.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttail).

CRACCA L. (1753).
(Tephrosia Pers. 1807).

C. ViRGiNiANA L. Goats Rue. (T. Virginiana Pers.).

Dry sandy soils. Monongalia: near Morgantown (Mills-

paugh). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Webster Co. on

an "island" in Upper Glade. Kanawha : near the Salinas

(Holt on).

ROBINIA L.

R. PsEUD-AcAciA L. Yellow Locust.

Common throughout the State, even in the higher moun-
tains.

Dr. Asa Gray, in his account of a "Botanical Excursion
to the mountains of North Carolina," says : "On the rocky
banks of the Potomac below Harper's Ferry, we saw for
the first time the common Locust tree (Robinia Pseud-
acacia) decidedly indigenous. It probably extends to the
southern confines of Pennsylvania ; and from this point
south, it is everywhere abundant, but we did not meet with
it east of the Blue Ridge." The Blue Ridge forms our east-
ern boundary line between Jefferson county and the State
of Virginia. Our State is therefore the eastern extension
of this species, though it extends farther north into Pennsyl-
vania.
R. HispiDA L. Bristly or Rose Acacia.

Rich soils. Monongalia : near Morgantown ; near Cheat
River. Preston : in Laurel Hills. Summers : near Hinton.
R. viscosA Vent.

Highlands. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz, 576).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 287

ASTRAGALUS L.
A. Carolinianus L. (A. Canadensis L.).

River banks. Monongalia : near Camp Eden. Preston :
along- Cheat River. Webster : Long Glade. Fayette : near
Hawk's Nest (James); near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Sum-
mers : near Hinton.

Specimens found by Mr. Nuttall in his locality resemble
so completely Linnaeus' description of A. Carolinianus —
which, however, is not sufificiently different from his A.
Canadensis published later, to consider these as two spe-
cies— the former must, theiefore, take precedence and stand
for the species.
A. distortus T. & G.

Since the publication of the Preliminary Catalogue, Dr.
Gamble has succeeded in securing fruits of this species, re-
ported generically only in that work. This is the farthest
eastern extension of the species, which ranges, according to
the manual, from Illinois to Iowa, Missouri, Kansas and
Texas.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Hopkins; Gamble)

STYLOSANTHES Swartz.
S. biflora (L.), B. S. p. Pencil Flower. (S. clatior, Sw.).
Dry, open woods. Wirt : near Burning Springs. Up-
shur : summit on Staunton Pike. Summers : near Hinton.
Fayette : rocky banks of New River near Nuttallburg,
(Nuttall). Monongalia: near Camp Eden.
S. RiPARiA Kearney. (S. procumhens, Siv.).

Shores of New River. Summers : near Hinton.
First report of this species north of Tennessee.

MEIBOMIA Heist.
(Desmodium Desv.)

M. NUDiFLORA (L.). Kuntze. Tick Tree-foil.

Rich woods, common. Wood : near Leachtown. Randolph :
on Point Mountain. Webster : Buffalo Bull Mountain. Gil-
mer : near Glenville (Brown). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton. Preston: near Aurora
Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
M. PAuciFLORA (Nutt.) Kuutze.

In woods along Laurel Branch east of Oceana, Wyoming

county, alt. 2,000 feet, August 22, 1900 (Morris, 1291).

M. GRANDiFLORA (Walt.). Kuutzc. D. acumintwn, D. C.

Rich woods. Monongalia : Marion : Preston : Wetzel :

Mineral : Jefferson : Berkeley and Calhoun counties. Fayette:

288 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

near Kanawha Falls (James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Summers : near Hinton. Kanawha : near Charleston ; and
frequent throughout the State. Randolph : near Pickens (H.
H. Smith, 1549).
M. MiCHAuxii Vail. "Hive Vine." (D. rotnndifoliiun, DC).
Dry, rocky woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown.
Lewis : along Leading Creek. Upshur : near Lawrence.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 1,500 ft. (Nuttall).
M. ocHROLEUCA (M. A. Curtiss) Kuntze.

Mineral : along Knobby Mountains. Jefferson : near Mill-
ville.
M. CANESCENS (L.) Kuntze.

Open woods and clearings. Wood : near Lockhart's Run.
Monongalia : campus, Morgantown. Summers : near Riffe
and Wolf Creek. An abundant weed. Fayette: near Nut-
tallburg (Nuttall). Monroe: near Alderson; the worst weed
in some fields. Mason : near Point Pleasant.
M. BRACTEOSA (IMichx.) Kuutze. (D. cnspidatum Hook).

Thickets. Monongalia : along Decker's Creek ; near the
mouth of Cheat River. IMarion : near Little Falls. Wood :
near Kanawha Station. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Summers : near Hinton.
M. DiLLENii (Dark) Kuntze.

Open woodlands. Monongalia, Wood, Marion, Wirt,
Upshur, Lewis, Jefferson, Berkeley, Grant and Preston coun-
ties. Monroe : near Alderson. Wyoming : along the Guyan-
dot River near Baileysville, a very troublesome weed in
fields (Morris, 1254).
M. PANicuLATA (L.) Kuntzc.

Copses. Wood, Wirt, Calhoun and Gilmer, along the
Little Kanawha River. Monongalia and Marion : along the
Monongalia River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Summers : near Hinton.
M. Canadensis (L.) Kuntze.

Dry, but rich woodlands. Monongalia : at The Flats.
Marion : near Opekiska. Wood : near Kanawha Station.
Mason : at Point Pleasant.
M. laevigata (Nutt.) Kuntze.

In dry woods. Preston : near Aurora (Air. & Mrs. Steele).
M. rigida (Ell.) Kuntze.

Dry hillsides. Monongalia : near Morgantown : on Dor-
sey's Knob. Mineral : along Knobby Mts. Marion : oppo-
site Montana. Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts, 628).
M. OBTUSA (Muhl.) Vail. (D. ciliare DC).

Dry hillsides. Monongalia: Cheat View, Little Falls,
Beechwoods. Marion : near Houghtown. Lewis : near Wes-
ton. Upshur : near Buckhannon.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 289

M. Marilandica (L.) Kuntze.

Copses. Grant : near Bayard. Mineral : near Keyser.
Berkeley : North Mountain. Morgan : near Hancock. Jef-
ferson : Shenandoah Jc. Summers : near Hinton.
M. arenicola Vail. (D. lineatum DC).

Dry soils. Jefferson: near Shenandale Springs. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapcl).

LESPEDEZA Michx.

L. repens (L.) Bart. Bush Clover.

Dry, sandy soils. Monongalia : hills near The Flats ; banks
of the Monongalia below Dille's. Wood : near Kanawha
Station. Kanawha: Charleston (James). Summers: near
Hinton. Ohio: near WheeHng {Mertz 635). Jefferson:
near Harper's Ferry {Mertz).
L. vioLACEA (L.) Pers.

Dry copses. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Wood :
near Parkersburg. Wirt : near Burning Springs. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg (Nnttall). Summers: near Hinton.
L. Virginica (L.) Britt.

River shores. Summers : near Hinton, along New River.
L. Stuvei Nutt.

Mountain sides. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
L. frutescens (L.) Britton. (L. Stuvei intermedia et reticu-
lata Wats.).

River banks. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, along New River,
plentiful (Nuttall).
L. HiRTA (L.) Ell. (L. polystachya Michx.).

Dry opens. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft.
(Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
L. CAPITATA Michx.

Dry sandy soil. Ohio : River banks, frequent. Monon-
galia : near Morgantown. Marion : near Catawba, and
Houghtown.
L. STRIATA (Thunb). Hook & Arn. Japanese Clover.

Dry, red soils. Spreading profusely along the C. & O.
R. R. in Kanawha, Putnam and Cabell counties.

VICIA L.

V. Carolinana Walt. Carolina Vetch or Tare.

River banks and edges of glades. Webster : Welsh Glade ;
island in Long Glade. Wood : shores erf Little Kanawha
River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapcl). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (iVi«^ to//). Monongalia : near Cassville. Green-
brier Co., Kate's Mountain, White Sulphur Springs, alt. 3,000
ft. (Small; Eggleston 4349).

290 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

LATHYRUS L.
L. VENOsus Muhl.

Shady banks. Mineral : banks of the Potomac near Key-
ser. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, a form 10-15 flowered, with
winged stem and stipules 3-15 lines long (Nutiall) Greenbrier
Co., Kate's Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small; Egglcston 4357;
Heller 828).
L. LATiFOLius Linn.

Established on the University campus at ^lorgantown,
Monongalia Co. (Sheldon 3597, July 1909.)

FALCATA Gmel.

F. coMOSA (L.) Kuntze. (Amphicarpa monoica Ell.).

Rich, damp thickets. Monongalia and Marion : along the
Monongahela River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

APIOS Moench.
A. Apios (L.) MacM. Ground Nut. (A. tiiberosa ]\Ioen.).

Low grounds along streams. Frequent throughout the
State. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, not common (Nuttall).

GALACTTA P. Br.

G. REGULARIS (L.) B. S. P.

Fayette : near Quinnimont on bottom lands of New River
(Pollard & Maxon 29).

PHASEOLUS L.
P. POLYSTACHYUS (L.) B. S. P. Wild Kidney Bean. (P. peren-
nis Walt.).

Copses. Wood : near Kanawha Station. Monongalia :
near Morgantown. Mason : near Point Pleasant.

STROPHOSTYLES Ell.

S. HELvoLA (L.) Britton. (Pliaseolits helvoliis L.).

Sandy river banks. Mason : banks of the Ohio near Point

Pleasant. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, with the inner surface

of the petals pink (Nuttall) ; Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon

G E R I A N I A C AE.

GERANIUM L.
G. MAcuLATUM L. Wild Geranium.

Open woods and clearings, frequent throughout the State.
A small form with leaves round in outline and from 1-2 in.
in diameter at Bluefield, Mercer county.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 29I

G. RoBERTiANUM L. Herb Robert.

Rocks of cool, shaded ravines, rare. Marion : near Fair-
mont. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
G. Carolinianum L. Cranesbill.

Fields, meadows and waste places. Mercer : near Ingle-
side. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nnttall). Kanawha: near
Charleston {Barnes). Monogalia : on the University Cam-
pus ; and frequent throughout the State.

O X A L I D A C E AE.

OXALIS L.

O. AcETOSELLA L. Wood Sorrcl.

Deep, rich, mountain woods. Randolph : on Point Moun-
tain ; Cheat Mountain near Cheat Bridge, where this species
grows in such profusion as to actually carpet the Spruce
forests. Grant : near Bayard. Tucker : near Davis ; and
Land of Canaan. Gilmer : near Glenville (Af «/><?/). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

O. VIOLACEA L.

Rich, cool woods. Randolph : on Point Mountain. Mon-
ongalia : up Falling Run ; at Uffington and Little Falls.
Marion : near Beechwoods ; Opekiska and Catawba. Gilmer :
near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare
{Nuttall). Lewis: near Lorentz {Pollock). Hardy: near
Moorefield {Gamble). Mercer: near Beaver Spring.
O. STRicTA L. Sheep Sorrel.

Fields, cultivated grounds and roadsides. Common
throughout the State.
O. RECURVA Ell.

Open places. P'ayette : near Nuttallburg, common {Nutt-
all).
O. cvMGSA Small.

In woods and opens. Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

O. FiLiPES Small.

Monongalia: common about ]\[organtown {Sheldon).
O. GRANDis Small.

Monongalia : along the railroad south, of ^vlorgantown
{Sheldon 1392).

292 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

L I N A C E AE.
LINUM L.

L. Virgin [ANUM L. Wild Flax.

Open woods, borders and roadsides. Wood. Wirt, Cal-
houn, Gilmer, Lewis and Upshur. Randolph : along Ty-
gart's Valley River. Webster and Nicholas ; near Richwood
{H. H. Smith 1740). Kanawha: near Peabody; near Coal-
burgh (James). Jackson, Monongalia, and Preston. Fay-
ette: near Gauley Bridge; near Kanawha Falls (James);
near Nuttallburg (Niittall). Kanawha: near Charleston
(James).

L. STRIATUM Walt.

Damp places. Webster : in Upper and Long Glades
Preston : in glades near Terra Alta and Reedsville (Mills-
paugJi) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, in sphagnous bog (Niittall). Monongalia: at
Camp Eden.

L. usiTATissiMUM L. Flax.

An uncommon adventive. P'avette : along the C. & O.
R. R., near Nuttallburg (Niittall).

RUTACEAE.

XANTHOXYLUM L.

X. Americanum Mill. Prickly Ash. Toothache-tree.

Rocky woods, becoming rare. Jefferson : near Flowing
Spring. Monongalia : Decker's Creek. Taylor : along Cheat
River.

RUTA L.
R. graveolens L. Rue.

Escaped from gardens. Randolph : on Point ^Mountain
along the road about half way to the summit.

PTELEA L.
P. TRiFOLiATA L. Wafer Ash. Hop-tree.

River banks. Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Merts &
Gnttenherg)y Hancock: along Oak Run. Brooke: on Short
Creek. Summers : on banks of New River, near Hamilton,
common.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 20?

SIMARUBACEAE.

AILANTHUS Desf.

A. GLANDULosA Desf. Tree of Heaven.

Naturalized from China. The seedino-in of this culti-
vated species IS so profuse in the following localities as to
render it a great nuisance. Monongalia : near Morgantown
Gilmer: De Kalb P. O. Lewis: near Weston. Kanawha!
at Focotahgo. Jackson : near Sandyville. Marion : Fairmont
Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapd). Jefferson: near Harper's
i^erry, and Charlestovvn.

POLYGALACEAE.

POLYGALA L.

P. viRiDESCENS L Red Milkwort. (p. sang^dnea L.).

Sandy fie ds. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Webster-

mFF^'uk ^ 1 Preston: near Terra Alta. Fayette: near

^mT^^T 'c; '';T ft. {mtttall). Preston: near Aurora

(Mr. dr- Mrs. Steele).

Forma, albiflora Wheelock.

In the glades of Webster and Preston counties
P. Mariana Mil ox ,. . , ^.^

r>. , T^ P- fasttgtata Nutt.

Damp places. Preston : near Terra Alta
P. CuRTissii Gray.

Glady spots. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall)
P. CRuciATA L. Cross Milkwort.

Margins of Glades. Preston : near Reedsville. Webster-
Upper Glade. *

P. VERTiciLLATA L. Whorled Milkwort.

Dry places. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Lewis- near
Leading Creek. Upshur: near Buckdiannon. Summers'
near Hinton. ^uininers.

P. AMBIGUA Nutt.

Dry soils. Wood : near Lockhart's Run. Wirt : near Eliza-
beth. Calhoun: on Nigh-Cut Hill. Monongalia: hills below
Morgantown Fayette : near Nuttallburg {Nuttall) Pres-
^on-.Amorsi {Mr. & Mrs. Steele) ^

P. NUTTALLII T. & G.

{NlZliy' ^^''''^'- ^'■''"' '■ "'"' Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft.
P. Senega L. Seneca Snake-root.

Rocky soils and rich bottoms. Mineral: near Kevser

294 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

( Workman). Webster : in Welsh, Long and Collett's glades.
Preston: Reedsville glade. (Long glade is said to be white
with this species when it is in bloom.)
P. PAUciFOLiA Willd. Fringed Polygala.

Rocky woods. Mineral : near Keyser along the Knobby
Mountains {Workman). Hardy: near Moorefieid {Gamble.)
Greenbrier Co., Kate's Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. {Small).

E U P H O R B I A C E AE.

CHAMAESYCE S. F. Gray.

C. GLYSTOPERMA PUBESCENS (Engelm.). {Eiiplwrbia glyptos-
pcrma piihescens Englm.).

Sandy soil. Mason : banks of the Ohio river, near Point
Pleasant. The only station so far known in the State.
C. MAcuLATA (L.) Small. Spotted Spurge. {Euphorbia macu-
laia L.).

Arid soils. Common even in the higher Alleghanies.
Mineral Co., opposite Cumberland, Md. {Small). Tucker:
near Parsons {Greenman).

C. Preslii (Guss.) Arthur. {Euphorbia Preslii Guss.).

Dry soils and pastures. Common throughout the State,
even in the higher Alleghanies. Tucker : near Parsons and
Hendricks ( Greenman ) .

DICHROPHYLLUM. Kl. & Garcke.

D. MARGINATUM (Pursh.) Kl. & Garckc. {Euphorbia marginata

Pursh.).

An escape from cultivation. Taylor : permanently estab-
lished near Mannington {Mapcl). Monongalia: the Flats
near Morgantown.

TITHYMALOPSIS Kl. & Garcke.

T. coROLLATA (L.) Small. Flowering Spurge. {Euphorbia
coroUata L.).

Dry soils. Wirt : near Elizabeth. Lewis : along Leading
Creek. Upshur : near Laurentz. Randolph : on Lone Sugar
Knob, alt. 2,800 ft. Webster : Long Glade. Nicholas :
Mumble-the-peg Creek. Kanawha : along 8-Mile Creek •
near Pocataligo. Jackson : Fisher's Point. Wood : on Lime-
stone Ridge. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg {Nutfall). Grant: near Bayard. Monon-
galia : plentiful along Cheat River, near Camp Eden. Green-
brier : near White Sulphur Springs. Monroe : near Alderson.

WEST \IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 295

Summers : near Hinton. Mason : near Point Pleasant. Bar-
bour : near Tygart junction; and Tucker near Parsons
(Grccnmaii).

POINSETTIA R. Grab.
P. DENTATA (Micbx.). Small. (Euphorbia dcntata Micbx.).

Ricb soil. Obio : near Wheeling.

TITPIYMALUS Adans.
T. Darlingtonii( Gray) Small. {Euphorbia Darlingtonii A.Gray).
Damp woods. Pocahontas: along the mountains {Hop-
kins). Randolph: Blister Swamp near Gandy Creek {Green-
man).
T. OBTUSATUS (Pursh.) Small. (Euphorbia obtitsata Pursh.).
Rich soil. Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts & Gntfeuberg).
T. Cyparissias (L.) Hill. "Grave-yard-weed." (Euphorbia
Cyparissias L.).

A frequent escape from cemeteries. Monongalia : near
IMorgantown. Cabell : near Huntington.
T. COMMUTATUS (Englm.). Kl. & Garcke. (Euphorbia coiniiiu-
tata Englm.).

Woodlands. Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Merts &
Guttenberg) ; near Shepberdstown. Mineral: near Keyser
(Workman) along Knobby Mountains. Summers: near
Hinton, abundant. Hardy: near ]\foorefield (Gamble).
Hampshire : near Romney.
T. Lathyrus (L.) Hill. "Mole-weed." ( Euphorbia Latli\rus h.).
Escaped from gardens, where it is cultivated with the
idea of keeping out moles. Randolph : roadside up Point
Mountain.

ACALYPHA L.

A. \'lRGINICA L.

Fields and waste places. Common throughout the State.
forma intermedia Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 436.

A form apparently uniting A. Mrginica, L. with A. Caro-
liniana, Ell. especially in the matter of leaves and bracts, is
found near Nuttallburg (Nuftall), and Hawk's Nest; as well
as along New River opposite Hinton.

PHYLLANTHUS Linn.
P. Carolinensis \\'alt.

Dry situations. Mason : near Point Pleasant (Sheldon
IQ40).

296 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CALLITRICHACEAE.
CALLITRICHE Linn.

C. HETEROPHYLLA Pursh.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

EMPETRACEAE.

[CoREMA CoNRADi, ToiT., mentioned in Botanical
Gazette, Vol. 2, P. 136, as occurring near Hawk's Nest,
Fayette Co., is proven by Prof. James to be another
plant, it should therefore not yet be credited to this
State.]

B U X A C E AE.

PACHYSANDRA Michx.

P. PROCUMBENS Michx.

Credited to West Virginia in Britton & Brown, Illustrated
Flora, vol. 2, p. 384. I have not seen the specimen authen-
ticating this reference.

LIMNANTHACEAE.

FLOERKEA Willd.

F. PROSERPiNACOiDES Willd. False Mermaid.

Wet places. Ohio: near Wheeling (Marts & Guttenberg),
Preston : glades near Terra Alta. Lewis : near Lorentz
(Pollock)^

ANACARDIAC EAE.
RHUS L.

R. HiRTA (L.) Sudw. Staghorn Sumach. (R. typhina L.).

Dry hillsides. Gilmer : DeKalb Postofifice ; near Glenville
(Mapel). Monongalia : near Stewartstown. Summers : near
Hinton. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph:
near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1376). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

During the season of 1890 to 1891 hundreds of plants of
this species were noted in Monongalia county to have the
inflorescence reverted to leaves, making a strikmgly beauti-

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 297

ful proliferation when young. This effect, according to Dr.
Britton, formed the type of the Linnsean species, Datisca
hirta (L. Sp. PI. 1037) collected by Kalm near Philadelphia,
Pa.

R. GLABRA L. Smooth Sumach.

Frequent or very common in all parts of the State, in rocky
or barren soils. Randolph : Point Mountain, alt. 2,200 ft. ;
Cheat Mountains, alt. 2,700-3,600 ft. Cabell : near Barbours-
ville (James). Summers: near Hinton. Fayette : near Nut-
tallburg, not common (Ntittall). Hardy: near Moorefield
(Gamble).

R. coPALLiNA L. Dwarf Sumach.

Dry fields and rocky places. Wood : near Lockhart's Run,
plentiful. Webster: Buffalo Bull Mountains, alt. 2,575 ^t.
Randolph: Cheat Mountains, alt. 3,200 ft.; near Hodam (H.
H. Smith 1527). Preston: near Aurora (Air. & Mrs.
Steele). Monongalia : near Ice's Ferry. Fayette : near Nutt-
allburg, alt. 2,000 ft., common (Nnttall) ; and frequent
throughout the State. Mercer : Beaver Springs and Ingle-
side.

R. VERNix L. Poison Sumach. Poison Elder. (R. venenata DC.)
Swampy places. Randolph : Stalnaker Run. Preston :
near Terra Alta, infrequent.

R. RADicANS L. Poison Vine. Poison Ivy. Including (R. toxi-
codendron L.).

Thickets and low grounds, very common throughout the
State. Monongalia : abundant everywhere in the neighbor-
hood of streams. Webster : Buffalo Bull Mountains, alt.
2,100 ft. (Millspangh) ; Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith 1532).
Kanawha: Pocotaligo. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Summers: near Hin-
ton. Mason : near Point Pleasant. Mercer : Princeton, near
Ingleside and Wills..

R. AROMATiCA Ait. Fragrant Sumach. (R. canadensis Marsh.).
Dry or stony soils. Brooke : roadside between Wellsburg
and Bethany College (Merts & Guttenberg). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble).

COTINUS Adans.
C. coTiNoiDES (Nutt.) Britton. (Rhus cotinoides Nutt.).

Established near Morgantown, Monongalia Co. (Sheldon.)

298 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

A Q U I F O L I A C E AE.
ILEX L.

I. OPACA Ait. American Holly.

Moist woodlands. Marion : near Nuzums. Randolph :
near Rich Mountains and Laurel Hills. Kanawha: near
Charleston (Barnes). Fayette: near Hawk's Nest, large
trees 8-12 inches in diameter (Porter; Holton) ; Nuttallburg,
in moist woods common (Nuttall). McDowell: near Elk-
horn. Upshur: near Newlin (H. H. Smith 1769); near
Buckhannon (Pollock).

1. MONTicoLA Gray.

Damp woods. Randolph : near summit of Point Moun-
tain ; Rich Mountain, near Lone Sugar Knob ; Cheat Moun-
tain, near "The Battle Field." Kanawha : near Charleston
(James). Upshur: near Newlin (H. H. Smith 1762) ; near
Buckhannon (Pollock). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). Randolph: dry banks of Tygarts Valley River near
Huttonsville (Greenman 137).

L MOLLIS Gray.

Deep woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

1. VERTiciLLATA (L.) Gray. Black Alder. Winterberry.

Frequent in swampy places, throughout the central and
northern counties. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
near Thurmond (Eggleston 5562). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Pocahontas : near Durbin (Greenman
136). Upshur: uear Buckhannon (Pollock).

ILICIOIDES Dumort.
L MUCRONATA (L.) Britton. (Vaccininm L., Nemopanthes fas-
cicularis Raf.)

Pendleton : summit of Spruce Knob ; Preston : at Cranes-
ville; Pocahontas : head of Greenbrier River (Brooks). Ran-
dolph : in Blister Swamp near Gandy Creek (Greenman 154)-

CELASTRACEAE.

EUONYMUS L.

ATROPURPUREUS Jacq. Burning Bush.

, Margins of woods and thickets. Jackson : near Sandy-
ville. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Randolph: banks of
Tygarts River ; near Huttonsville (Greenman 174). Fayette :
near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 299

E. Americanus L. Strawberry Bush.

Rocky, wooded river banks. Fayette : along- the Great
Kanawha River, below Gauley Bridge ; near Nutallburg, com-
mon (Niittall). Kanawha: near the Salinas (Holton).
E. OBOVATUS Nutt. (E. Americanus var. ohovatus T. & Gray).
Of this species Rev. A. Boiitlou says: "In Marshall Co.,
at Board Tree, Cameron, Belton, etc., this is the most com-
mon form ; while the trailing rooting form I have met almost
everywhere I have been in the State.'

PACHYSTIMA Raf.

P. Canbyi a. Gray.

Credited to West Virginia in Britton & Brown, Illustrated
Flora, vol. 2, p. 395. I have not seen the specimen authen-
ticating this reference.

CALASTRUS L.
C. SCANDENS L. Climbing Bitter-sweet. Wax-work.

Thickets, fence rows and along streams, frequent. Wood :
near Limestone Ridge. Monongalia and Marion : along the
Monongahela River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

STAPHYLEACEAE.

STAPHYLEA L.

S. TRiFOLiA L. Bladder-nut.

Rocky woods, thickets and opens. Wirt : near Elizabeth
Monongalia : near Morgantown and Stumptown. Gilmer :
near Glenville. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Up-
shur: near Buckhannon (Pollock). Jefferson: at Harpers
Ferry (Greene).

A C E R A C E AE.

ACER L.

A. Pennsylvanicum L. Striped Maple.

Rich, cool woods. Randolph : on Point Mountain ; Staun-
ton Pike on Cheat Mountain. Webster: on Buffalo Bull
Mountain. Grant : near Bayard. Tucker : on Blackwater
Fork of Cheat. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) and
elsewhere in the mountains. McDowell : near Elkhorn.
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

Although in most situations in the State this species is a

300 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

mere shrub, yet near Welsh in Grant Co. it assumes the pro-
portions of a beautiful tree 20 to 40 ft. high with a strict
columnar trunk 5 to 8 inches in diameter (Millspaugh).
Greenbrier Co., on Kate's Mountain, near White Sulphur
Springs, alt. 3,300 ft. {Small; Heller 827).

A. spiCATUM Lam. Mountain Maple.

Same localities as previous species, except Fayette, but
more plentiful where found. Greenbrier : near White Sul-
phur Springs. McDowell : near Elkhorn. Preston : near
Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Pocahontas: {Pollock).

A. Saccharum Marsh. Sugar Maple. {A. saccharinum, Wang.,
notL.).

Plentiful throughout the State, especially, however, in the
central counties. Randolph : Summit Point Mountain, alt.
3,700 ft. Webster : Bulfalo Bull Range, alt. 27-3,600 ft. In
Randolph Co., near Pickens, the sugar maple grows to a
diameter of 2 to 4 ft., and a height of 50 to 70 ft. {Mills-
paugh).

A. NIGRUM Michx. Black Sugar Maple.

With the preceding, and almost as plentiful.

A. SACCHARINUM L. White or Silver Maple. {A. dasycarpum,
Ehrh.).

Banks of Little Kanawha : Gauley River : Great Kanawha,
and Ohio. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall); and else-
where frequent. Large trees 2 to 4 ft. in diameter in Ran-
dolph Co., near Pickens. At one station in Webster Co., on
Buffalo Bull Mountain, nearly every tree of this species is
of the Bird's-eye type {Millspaugh).

A. RUBRUM L. Red or Swamp Maple.

Common throughout the State, where it grows upon the
hills and in the mountains, as well as in low places. Wood :
near the mouth of the Little Kanawha {Michaux).

A. Negundo L. Box Elder, Ash-leaved Maple.

Common near rivers throughout the northern and middle
counties. Lewis: along Leading Creek {Millspaugh, Pol-
lock). Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Summers: near
Hinton. Berkeley : near Martinsburg. Plardy : near Moore-
field {Gamble). Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
Wood: near the mouth of the Little Kanawha {Michaux)

SAPINDACEaE,

AESCULUS L.
Ae. glabra Willd. Ohio or Fetid Buckeye.

Low lands near streams. Wirt : along Straight Creek.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Broini). Along the Ohio River,
common. Monongalia : near Uffington.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 3OI

Ae. octandra Marsh. Sweet Buckeye. (Ae. flava, Ait.).

Rich mountain woods. Webster : Buffalo Bull Mountains,
alt. 2,100 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Lewis: nea*"
Weston (H. H. Smith 1751). Wood: near the mouth of the
Little Kanawha (Michaux). Mercer: near Ingleside {Mills-
paugJi 1468). Summers: near Hinton. Kanawha: near
Charleston and Handley. Marion : near Worthington. An
immense tree of this species, measuring twenty feet in cir-
cumference at the ground, twelve feet at the height of one's
shoulder, and nearly if not quite one hundred feet high,
stood by the bank of Dry Fork above Peeryville, McDowell
County {Morris). Randolph: along Tygarts Valley River
above Huttonsville (Grccniiiaii 196).

Var. HYBRiDA (DC) Sarg. (var. purpitrasccns Gray)

Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuftall).

Ae. Pavia L.

Rich lands along streams. McDowell : along Tug Fork
near Elkhorn.

B A L S A M I N A C E AE.

IMPATIENS L.

L AUREA, Muhl. Pale Touch-me-not. (/. pallida, Nutt.).

Rich soils near streamlets. Gilmer: near Glenville (Ma-
pel). Kanawha: near Charleston. Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuftall) ; and common throughout the State. Also
common in the deep, primitive forests along spring runs.
Randolph : on Rich and Cheat Mountains. Grant : near Bay-
ard. Tucker: along the Blackwater Fork of Cheat (Mills-
paugh) ; vicinity of Parsons (Grecnman 151). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

I. BiFLORA Walt. Spotted Touch-me-not. (/. fulva Nutt.)

Shady, moist places, more common than the preceding
species and generally seeking lower altitudes (Millspaugh)
Tucker: near Hendricks (Greenman 150).

R H A M N A C E AE.
RHAMNUS L.

R. LANCEOLATA Pursh.

In moist soil. Hampshire : at Little Cacapon, rare
(Brooks).
R. ALNiFOLiA L'Her.

In swampy places. Head of East Fork Greenbrier River
(Brooks).

302 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

R. Caroliniana Walt.

McDowell : alono- Tug Fork of the Big- Sand)^ River near
Elkhorn ; at Welch, along the same stream.

CEANOTHUS L.
C. Americanus L. New Jersey Tea.

Dry open woods. Upshur : summit on Staunton Pike
{Millspatigh, Pollock). Jackson: Sandyville. Gilmer:
Glenville \Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Hady : near Moorefield.

V I T A C E AE,
VITIS L.

V. Labrusca L. Northern Fox-grape.

Damp, rich thickets. Randolph : near Valley Head.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapcl). Summers: near Hinton.

An immense specimen of this grape was found in Ran-
dolph Co., near Pickens ; its trunk measured 22 inches in
diameter and its two main branches 8 inches each {Mills-
paugli).
V. AESTIVALIS Michx. Summer Grape.

Thickets. Wirt : along Straight Creek. Randolph : on
Point Mountain. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, common
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton.
V. coRDiFOLiA Michx. Frost Grape.

Thickets and banks of streams. Wirt : along Straight
Creek. Randolph : at Valley Head ; along Point Mountain
Road. Fayette : near Nuttallburg. common (Nuttall). Sum-
mers : near Hinton. Kanawha : near Charleston.

V. VULPINA L.

Banks of streams. Randolph : near Valley Head ; Point
Mountain Road. Summers : near Hinton. Jefiferson : Shen-
andoah Jc.
V. BicoLOR LeConte. Winter Grape.

Rich woods, W^ebster: Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith

1592)-
V. RUPESTRis Scheele, Sand Grape. Sugar Grape.

Rocky banks of New River in Fayette near Nutallburg,
plentiful (Nuttall).
V. ROTUNDiFOLiA Michx. Muscaduic. Southern Fox Grape.

Rich river banks. Randolph : near Valley Head. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg, rare, on mountain side climbing over
trees (Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton,

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 303

AMPELOPSIS Michx.
(Cissus Pers.).

A. coRDATA- Michx. (Vitis indivisa Willd.).

River banks. Ohio: near Wheehng {Merts & Gutten-
berg). Summers: near Hinton.
A. TRicuspiDATA Sicb. & Zucc.

EstabHshed at Morgantown, Monongalia County {Shel-
don).

PARTHENOCISSUS Planch.
P. QuiNQUEFOLiA (L). Planch. Virginia Creeper. American
Ivy. {Ampelopsis quinquefolia Michx.).

Woods and thickets. Gilmer: near Glenville (Ma pel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Webster: at Hacker
Valley (H. H. Smith 1591). Randolph: along Tygarts Val-
ley River near Huttonsville {Grcenman 163) ; and common
throughout the State.

TILIACEAE.

TILIA L.
T. Americana L. Linden. Basswood.

Rich woods. Gilmer : at DeKalb P. O. Randolph : on
Point Mountain. Grant : near Bayard. MonongaHa : near
Morgantown, Uffington and Little Falls. Mason : near Point
Pleasant. McDowell : near Elkhorn. Large growths of this
species found at Pickens, Randolph Co., with trunk diame-
ters of 26 to 38 inches, and height 60 to 100 feet (Mills-
paitgh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (NiittaU).
T. heteropiiylla Vent. White Basswood. Lin."

Deep woods. Jefferson : near Charlestown, near Flowing
Spring Mill. One specimen cut at Nuttallburg, Fayette
County, had a diameter of 26 inches (Mills faugh; Nuttall).
Pocahontas: valley of the East Fork of Greenbrier River
(Grcenman 194).
T, MicHAuxii Nutt.

Deep woods, Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1288,
1342). Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).

M A L V A C E AE.

ALTHAEA L.
A. ROSEA Cav. Hollyhock.

Appears annually along the B. & O. R. R. tracks in
Berkeley: near North Mountain, apparently a thorough
establishment.

304 ■ THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

MALVA L.
M. ROTUNDiFOLiA L. Common Mallow.

Cultivated grounds and waysides, a common weed.
M. MoscHATA L. Muck Mallow.

Roadsides and meadows escaped from cultivation. Lewis :
along Stone Coal Creek. Upshur : near Lorentz. Monon-
galia: near Morgantown. Randolph: near Pickens (H. H.
Smith 1540, 1541). Kanawha: at the Salinas (Holton).

SIDA L.

S. SPINOSA L.

Waste grounds and fields. Monongalia : near Morgan-
town, common. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; near
Guyandot (Holton). Jefferson: near Shepherdstown. Ma-
son : near Pointy Pleasant.
S. HERMAPHRODiTA ( L. ) Rusby (S. NapQca Cav.).

Rocky banks along the Great Kanawha River. Kanawha :
opposite Cannelton. Fayette : Quinnimont ; near Nuttall-
burg, frequent and always with 8 carpels (Nuttall). Mason:
near Point Pleasant.

ABUTILON Gaertn.
A. Abutilon (L.) Rusby. Indian Mallow. American Jute.
(A. avicennae Gaertn.).

A too common weed in waste and cultivated soils. Mon-
ongalia, Wood, Wirt, Calhoun; Mason: near Point Pleas-
ant; near Brighton. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Berkeley : near Martinsburg, a very bad weed.

HIBISCUS L.
H. MoscHEUTOs L. Swamp Rose Mallow.

Brackish, marshy places, and ditches near salt works.
Mason : near Point Pleasant. Kanawha : near Charleston.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). The pink form, Jack-
son : near Sandyville. Hardy : near Moorefield.
H. Trionum L. Bladder Ketmia.

Cultivated grounds. Monongalia : a weed in the Station
experimental plats.

HYPERICACEAE.

ASCYRUM L.

A. HYPERicoiDES L. St. Andrew's Cross. (A. Crux-Andreae'L.).

Dry sandy places. Upshur : summit of Staunton Pike.

Randolph : Rich Mountains ; along Tygart's Valley River.

Fayette: near Gauley Bridge: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

Cabell: near Barboursville (James).

WEST \IRGIM.\ GliOLOGTCAL SURVEY 3O5

HYPERICUM L.

H. PROLIFICUM L.

Glade regions. Webster: I'pper Glade. Preston: neai
Reedsville. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapcl). Fayette: near
Kanawha Falls (James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nnttall).
H. DENSiFLORUM Pursli. Shrubby St. John's Wort.

Glade regions and moist meadows. Wood : near Lock-
hart's Run. Webster : in the glades. Preston : Terra Alta,
and Reedsville glades. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall).
Preston: near Aurora (j\Ir. & Mrs. Steele). Pocahontas:
near Durbin (Greenman 316).

H. VIRGATUM ACUTIFOLIUM Coulter.

Fayette: near Hawk's Nest (Porter): near Nuttallburg
(Nnttall).
H. PERFORATUM L. St. John's Wort. "St. John."

Fields and roadsides. Randolph : along Tygart's Valley
River. Monongalia, Marion, Preston, Grant : near Bayard.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nnttall). Not yet very plentiful
in the State.
H. MACULATUM Walt. Spotted St. John's Wort.

Glade regions and wet places. Wood : near Kanawha
Station. Wwi : near Elizabeth. Preston : near Reedsville
and Terra Alta (Alillspangh) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). Webster: Upper, Long, and Welsh Glades. Fay-
ette: near Hawk's Nest and Kanawha Falls (James) ; near
Nuttallburg (Nnttall).

H. MUTILUM L.

Ditches and low grounds, common throughout the State
H. Canadense L. Canadian St. John's Wort.

Glade regions of Preston and Webster Counties (Mills-
paugh). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fay-
ette; near Nuttallburg, in spahgnum bogs (Nnttall).
H. adpressum Barton.

Moist grounds. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
H. PUNCTATUM Lam.

Nicholas : near Richwood ; and Webster : at Hacker Valley
(H. JJ. Smith 1747, 1560).
H. ellipticum Hook.

In spagnum glades. Preston : near Terra Alta.
H. GYMNANTHUM Engclm. & Gray.

Low moist places. Pocahontas : valley of the East Fork
of Greenbrier River (Greemnan 418).

306 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SAROTHRA L.
S. GENTiANOiDES L. Orange Grass. (Hypericum Saruthra
Michx.).

Dry fields. Monongalia : near The Flats. Wood : near
Kanawha Station. Fayette: near Kanawha Fall? (James).

TRIADENUM Raf.
T. ViRGiNicuM (L.) Raf. (Hypericum Virginicum L.).

Swampy glades. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

C I S T A C E AE.

HELIANTHEMUM Pers.
H. MAjus (L.) B. S. P. Frost-weed.

Dry soils. Preston : near Terra Alta.

LECHEA L.
L. MINOR L. Pin-weed. L. major Michx.

Dry places. Summers : near Hinton. Fayette : near Nutt-
allburg, alt. 1, 600 ft. (Nuttall).
L. Leggettii Britt. & Hollick. L. minor Lam.

Dry sandy places. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, plentiful at
an alt. of 2,000 ft. (Nuttall).

V I O L A C E AE.

VIOLA L.

V. PEDATA L. Bird's-foot Violet.

Sandy soils. Monongalia : at The Flats. Mineral : along
the Potomac near Keyser (Workman). Randolph: on PoinL
Mountain. Greenbrier Co., on Kate's Mountain, alt. 3,300
ft., near White Sulphur Springs (Small; Eggleston 4350,
4354; Heller 807). Mercer Co., near Bluefield. MacDowell
Co., at Fletcher's (Millspaugh).
Var. BicoLOR Pursh. Pansy Violet.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Hampshire: near
^omnQy (Hopkins). Greenbrier Co., on Kate's Mountain,
alt. 3,300 ft. (Small).
V. PALMATA L.

Near runs in moist ground. Monongalia : near The Flats,
Morgantown. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling (Rich-
ardson).
V. cucuLLATA Ait. Common Blue Violet.

Low grounds ; common throughout the State. Upshur *
near Buckhannon (Pollock).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 307

V. AFFiNis LeConte.

About a spring near Kegley, Mercer County, alt. 2,090 ft.,
July 21, 1900 {Morris 1046).

V. RAPILIONACEA Pursh.

On Great Bend, Tunnel Mountain, Summers County, alt.
1,700 ft., July 14, 1900 {Morris 1023) ; along- Horsepen
Creek, McDowell County, alt. 1,900 ft., July 30, 1900 {Mor-
ris 1104).
V. SAGiTTATA Ait. Arrow Leaved Violet.

Dry or moist, sandy places. Monongalia : near Morgan-
town, Uffington and Little Falls. Preston : near Cold Spring.
Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapcl). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
{Nuttal).
V. BLANDA Willd. Sweet White Violet.

Damp woods. Monongalia : near Morganton. Gilm.er :

near Glenville {Mapel). Upshur: {Pollock). Fayette: near

Nuttallburg {Nnttali), and frequent throughout the State.

McDowell : near Elkhorn.

V. ALsoPHiLA Greene. {V. ainoeaa LeConte).

McDowell: along Horsepen Creek, alt. 1,850 ft. {Morris
iioi, 1109).

V. PRIMULAEFOLIA L.

Damp soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Mc-
Dowell : near Elkhorn.
V. SORORIA Willd.

In woodlands. Monongan'a : near Morgantown {Sheldon).
V. HiRSUTULA Brainerd. {V. zdllosa Auth.).

Dry situations. Monongalia : near Dellslow ; and Fayette :
near Ronceverte {Sheldon 207, 1005).
V. FiMBRiATULA J. E. Smith.

Sandy soil near Bretz and other locations in Preston
County; also in Monongalia County {Sheldon 4110).
V. LANCEOLATA L. Lauce-leavcd Violet.

Boggy places. Monongalia: up Falling Run, above Mor-
gantown, the only station so far known to me.
V. ROTUNDiFOLiA Michx. Rouud-lcavcd Violet.

Cold woods. Randolph: Rich Mountains, alt. 2,110 ft.
Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
{hhittall). Mercer: near Ligleside and Wills.
V. PUBESCENS Ait. Yellow Violet.

Rich woods. Mineral: neai Keyser {Workman). Ran-
dolph: Rich Mountains, alt. 2,125 ft. Grant: near Bayard.
Tucker : along Blackwater Fork of Cheat. Gilmer : near
Glenville {Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nutall).
Monongalia : near Cassville. L^pshur : near Buckhannon
{Pollock).

308 THK WEST \'1R(,1NIA FLORA

V. scABKiL'scuLA (T. & G.) Schweiii.

Rich woods. Mononi^alia : near Morgantov. n, common.
Fayette: near Nuttallbnrg (Miittall).

V. HASTATA Michx.

Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Niittall). Up-
shur: near Buckhannon (Pollock). Mercer: oak woods,
near Bkiefield. McDowell : near Elkhorn.
V. TRiLORA Schwein.

Dry woodlands. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
Monongalia: near ]\lorgantown (Sheldon).
V. CONSPERSA Reichb. (V. Muhlcnbcrgii, Labradorica Auth.).

Low shaded places, Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
V. Canadensis L. Canada Violet.

Rich woods. Monongalia : magnificent specimens in great
profusion along the woods bordering the F. M. & P. R. R.,
between Beechwoods and Little Falls ; near Uffington.
Marion : near Opekiska and Catawba. Gilmer : near Glen-
ville (Mapcl). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mc-
Dowell: near Elkhorn. L^pshur: near Buckhannon (Pol-
lock).
V. STRIATA Ait. Pale Violet.

Along runs. Monongalia : the most common species.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble). McDowell: near Elkhorn. Upshur: near
Buckhannon (Pollock).
V. Labradorica Schrank. [■^iola caniva var. Muhlcnbcrgii, Traut.

Fayette County, at foot of clifif at Nuttallburg (hhittall).
V. rostrata Pers. Long-spurred Violet.

Hillside. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Green-
brier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4366). U^p-
shur : near Buckhannon (Pollock).
V. Rafinesouei Greene. Field Pansy. (V. tcnclla Mulil. not
Poir.). "

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston
4365). Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon 200).

Fields and rocky opens. Monongalia, common. ^Mineral :
near Keyser (Workman). Favette : near Nuttal]i:)urg (Nutt-
all).
V. AFFiNis X cucuLLATA Braiucrd.

Tucker: near Parsons in "The Sluice" and along the bot-
tom of the creek. (Grecnman 301, 303, 304, 305, 306).

"These five sheets, Nos. 301. 303-6, collected at the same
time and apparently at stations not far apart, are I believe V.
aifinis .% cuculata and its offspring ; see Rhod. 8 :4q. March,
1806. The hybrid has since been found in several other sta-
tions.

The lono- auricles are found characteristic of V. cncnl-

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

309

lata; but when pure it never has purpHsh or purple-dotted
capsules. The green-capsuled plants seem to be seedlings
with the recessive character in color of capsule. The black
seeds are nearly those of ['. cucullata, black being dominant
over buff— the color of the seeds of V. amnis. . (In my cul-
tures of this hybrid the recessive buff re-appears in some of
the offspring. See Science 25:940-944. June 14, 1907.)

In No. 305 (but not in 306) the short auricles of V. affinis
appear with the green capsules of V. citciillata)."~Ezra
Brainerd.

CUBELIUM Raf.
C. CONCOLOR (Forst.) Raf. Green Violet. (Solea concolor Ging.).
Rich woods. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Calhoun-
along Laurel Run. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mafyel).

P A S S I F L O R A C E AE.

PASSIFLORA L.
P. LUTEA L. Yellow Passion-flower.

Hillsides. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (A^a^^a//). Preston-
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
P. INCARNATA L. Passion-flower.

Dry soil. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

C A C T A C E AE.

OPUNTIA Mill.
O. Opuntia (L.) Coulter. Prickly Pear. (0. vulgaris MWl).
Open fields and among scrub pines in the Devonian forma-
tions of Hardy: near Moorefield, where it is a prevalent
weed in many places.

T H Y M E L E A C E ^.

DIRCA L.
D-. PALusTRis L. Leatherwood.

Damp woods. Jackson : near Ripley. Wirt : near Eliza ■
beth. Calhoun: near White Pine and Brookville. Green-
brier: White Sulphur Springs. Favette : near Nuttallburo-
(Niittall). " ''

LYTHRACEAE.

ROTALA Linn.
R. RAMosiOR (L.) Koehne.

Wet places. Kanawha : at the Salinas (Holton).

3IO THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

PARSONSIA P. Br. (1756).
{Cuphea P. Br. 1756).

P. PETiOLATA (L.) Riisby. "Tar-weed." {C. viscosissima ]2iC(.[.)
Dry soils, and fields. Monongalia, Marion, Wood, Wirt,
Calhoun, Gilmer, Lewis, Upshur and Randolph. Fayette :
near Gauley Bridge; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; near
Hawk's Nest (James). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs. Summers: near Hinton. Monroe: near Alderson.
Berkeley : near Martinsburg, and elsewhere. Preston : near
Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Kanawha : along the Kanawha
River near Cabin Shoals (Holton).

MELASTOMACEAE.

RHEXIA L.

R. ViRGiNiCA L. Meadow Beauty.

Moist, sandy meadows, and river shores. Monongalia :
near Camp Eden; Little Falls. Wood : near Lockhart's Run.
Wirt : near Burning Springs. Upshur : near Lorentz. Ran-
dolph : along Tygart's Valley River. Berkeley : near Mar-
tinsburg. Putnam : near Buffalo. Webster : Hacker Valley
(H. H. Smith. 1533). Kanawha: at the Salinas (Holton).

O N A G R A C E AE.

ISNARDIA L.

L PALUSTRIS L.

Sandy soil. Fayette : in a Sand bar in New River near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Kanawha: near the Salinas (Hol-
ton).

LUDWIGIA L.

L. ALTERNIFOLIA L. Sccd-box.

Wet banks. Wood : near Lockhart's Run. A^onongalia :
along Cheat River near Camp Eden. Fayette : near Kanawha
Falls (James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Kanawha: near
the Salinas (Holton).

L. LINEARFOLIA Britt.

With or near the species. Wood : near Lockhart's Run.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

Described by Prof. Britton in "Bull. Torrey Club," Dec,
1890, as follows :

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 3II

"Two or three feet high, divergently branched, the
branches ascending. Leaves linear, elongated, 2-4-in. long,
ii^-4-lines wide, acute; flowers solitary in the axils of the
upper leaves or bracts, yellow ; sepals ovate-lanceolate acute,
narrower than those of L. alternifolia ; branches and both
sides of the leaves somewhat pubesent. Petals apparently
remaining on the plant longer than those of L. alternifolia,
which, as Dr. Millspaugh observes, commonly fall away when
the plant is shocked."

"Appearing very distinct from typical L. alternifolia, but
presumably but a variety of it. From the description it may
be the Rliexia linearifolia, Poir, in Lam. Encycl. vi. 2, said
to come from Carolina."

CHAMAENERION Adans.

C. ANGUSTiFOLiuM (L.) Scop. Firc-wccd. {Epilobium spicatum
Lam.).

In new clearings. Mineral : Grant : and Tucker : along the
W. Va. Cent. R. R. Randolph : summit of Point Mountain,
alt. 3,700 ft. Cheat Mountain, alt. 27-3,600 ft. ; near Pickens
{H. H. Smith 1396; 1454). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele). Pendleton : on Spruce Knob (Greenuwn 173).
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

EPILOBIUM L.

E. coLORATUM Muhl. Willow-herb.

Ditches, and wet rocks. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur
Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. &• Mrs. Steele). Mason: near Pt. Pleas-
ant ; and frequent throughout the State.
E. LINEARE Muhl.

In swamps. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
Pocahontas: in Cranberry Glades (Sheldon 3848).
E. ADENOCAULON Haussk.

Wet places. Randolph : in Blister Swamp near Gandv
Creek (Grcenman 427).

ONAGRA Adans.

O. BIENNIS (L.) Scop. Evening Primrose. (Oenothera biennis 1^).

Frequent or common, throughout the State.
Var. GRANDiFLORA (Ait.) Lindl.

Frequent. Randolph : Cricard, P. O. ; Point Mountain
Wood : near Kanawha Station. Preston : near Tunnellton ;
near Terra Alta (Millspaugh) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.

312 THE VVICST VIKGIXIA FLORA

Stccic). Webster: at Hacker N'alley (//. //. Smith 1571).
GreenlM-ier : near \\ liite Siibhur Springs. Hardy : nea.*
White Sulpliur Springs. Hardy: near Aloorefield (Camblc)-
O. AKGiLLicoLA. Mackenzie, Torreya 4 :56. 1904).

Biennial, with numerous stems ascending from the same
root, 5-15 dm. hgh. Stems puberulent, but otherwise with-
out pubescence; leaves of the stemless plant of the first year,
rosulate, 6-15 cm. long, the blades oblanceolate, 15 mm. or less
wide, sinuate, acute, puberulent on both sides, the mid-nerve
strongly developed, tapering at the base to a long, rather
narrowly winged petiole; cauline leaves of the flowering
plants of the second year, with narrowly linear-lanceolate
blades, the well-developed ones 6-8 cm. long, 7 mm. or less
wide, remotely sinuate-dentate, acute, glabrous or slightly
puberulent, tapering to a petiole-like base and often strongly
decurrent pn the stem, forming well-developed ridges ; calyx-
tube 3-4 cm. long and longer than the sepals, perfectly gla-
brous, as also are the sepals, the tips of the latter free,
spreading, often 3-4 cm. long; petals bright yellow, obcordate,
crenulate, 3-4 cm. long, so that the open flower is often 6-8
cm. across ; capsules perfectly glabrous, 2-3 cm. long, sessile,
gradually tapering upward from the broad base and often
strongly curved, . somewhat quadrangular, strongly ribbed :
seeds angled, 1-1.5 mm. long.

Open sunny clay banks and along rivers, in loose, rocky
soil. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs, August 27,
1903 (Mackenzie 373).

KNEIFFIA Spach.

K. PUMILA (L.) Spach. (Oenothera piiuiila h.).

Dry fields, frequent throughout the State, especially in the
northern section. Hardy : near Moorefield (Ga/;???/;^). Ran-
dolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1387).
K. FRUTicosA (L.) Raim. Sun-drops. "Wild Beet." (Oenothera
frnticosa L.).

Common in most soils, and in cultivated fields as a weed.

Summers : near Talcott and Lowell. Marion : near Worth-

ington. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near

Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

K. FRUTICOSA DiFFERTA (Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 366(1892).

Damp meadows, Wood County, near Lockhart's Run, the
most common form.

Stems I to 2 ft. high, nearly smooth, branching dififusely
from every axil. Flowers profuse, large. Lower leaves
ovate. Capsules narrowly winged, very short ; apical inflores-
cence strongly cymose.

WliST N'IKCINIA GEOLOGICAL SUKVIiV 3I3

K. LINEARIS (Michx.) Spach. {Oenothera liticaris Michx.).

Damp places. Wood : near Kanawha Station. Wirt : near
Elizabeth. Calhoun : near Grantsville. Gilmer : near Glen-
ville (Mopel). Upshur : near Buckhannon.

K. LONGiPEDicELLATA Small, Bull. Torr. Club, 23:178. (1896).
Annual, slender, bright green, more or less puberulent.
Stem erect or assurgent, 4-7dm. tall, red, slender, simple or
sparingly branched above ; basal leaves spatulate or obovate-
spatulate, 4-cnL long; stem leaves few, linear-lanceolate,
3-9cm. long, obtuse or acutish, entire, often somewhat undu-
late, narrowed into a short petiole ; flowers yellow, subtended
by leaf -like bracts in terminal racemes which are sometimco
corymbosely arranged; caylx hirsute, its tube slender, 1-1.5
cm. long, its segments linear, longer than the tube, the tips
free in the bud ; petals obovate, 2cm. long, many-nerved,
emarginate, stamens less than one-half as long as the petals ;
styles slender, two-thirds as long as the petals ; capsule
narrowly obovoid, icm. long^ its angles wanged, its faces
ridged, on pedicels longer than the body ; seeds irregularly
oblong, .8mm. long, brown, minutely papillose.

Between K. subglobosa and K. linearis. It differs from
the former in its sparsely leafy, usually nearly simple stem,
the hirsute calyx, the larger flowers and the narrowly ob-
ovoid capsules. It can easily be .separated from K. linearis by
its pedicel, which exceeds the body of the capsule.

Moist places. Webster: at Long Glade (Millspaugh 579,
July 1890).

GAURA L.

G. BIENNIS, L.

Dry banks. Webster : near Taylor. Greenbrier : near
White Sulphur Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Ahitt-
all). Harrison: near Lumberport. Berkeley: near Martins-
burg. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

CIRCAEA L.

C. LuTETiANA L. Enchanter's Nightshade.

Low grounds, and wet woods. Lewis : up Stone Coal
Creek. Gilmer: near Glenville {Brozai). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nutfall). Webster: on Tater Knob (H. H.
Smith 1478). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

C. ALPINA L.

Deep, rich woods. Randolph, Grant, Tucker and Pendle-
ton : prevalent in the Alleghanies. Gilmer : near Glenville
(Mapcl). Monongalia: along Cheat River, above Caimp
Eden. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

314 T^IE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

A R A L I A C E AE.

ARALIA L.

A. SPINOSA L. Angelica Tree. Hercules' Club

Rich Mountain woods. Webster : Buffalo Bull Mt. alt.
2,595 ft., plentiful {Mills paugh) ; Hacker Valley {H. H.
Smith 1584). Preston: near Rowlesburg. Summers: along
the Greenbrier River ; near Hinton. Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg (Niittall) ; at Gauley Bridge, abundant. Randolph:
near Whitman {Grecnman 160). Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown.

A. RACEMOSA L. Spikenard.

Deep, oold woods, frequent in the Alleghanies. Randolph :
Cheat Mountains, alt. 3,350 ft. ; Point Mountain, alt. 3,560
ft. Hampshire : Ice Mountain. Tucker : near Falls of Black-
water. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton. Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

A. NUDicAULis L. Wild Sarsaparilla,

Rich woods, frequent. Monongalia : the Flats, Rich
Woods, and along the Monongahela. Marion : near Ope-
kiska. Randolph : on Point Mountain. Grant : near Bayard.

A. HispiDA Vent.

Rocky soils. Tucker : near Davis, along Blackwater Fork
of Cheat.

PANAX L.

P. QUiNOUEFOLiuM L. Giuscng. "Sang."

Rich, deep woods. Wirt : near Burning Springs. Jack-
son: near Ripley. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Grant:
near Bayard. Randolph : Rich, Cheat and Point Mountains.
(One store at Crickard P. O. buys from this neighborhood
$1,500 worth annually of the mountaineers.) Webster: Buf-
falo Bull range. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Summers : near Hinton. Preston : near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

P. TRiFOLiuM L. (Aralia trifolia Decn.).

Moist woods. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock), and
near Newlon (A. B. Brooks).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 3I5

API ACE AE.

(Uinbelliferae.)

DAUCUS L.

D. Carota L. Wild Carrot. "Devil's Plague."

Fields, meadows, and roadsides. Lewis, Randolph, Mon-
ongalia, Marion, Berkeley, Morgan, Mineral, Preston, Grant,
and Kanawha counties. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette : near Nuttallburg. Jefferson : near Shenandoah
Junction ; near Charlestown ; and Summit Point. Green-
brier : near Caldwell and White Sulphur Springs. Sum-
mers : near Greenbrier Stock Yards, and Hinton. Mason :
near Point Pleasant. Mercer : near Ingleside ; and reported
from every county in the State.

Forma rosea. Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 369.

With rose colored flowers, a frequent form in Monon-
galia : near Morgantown ; and along the Kingwood Pike.

ANGELICA L.

A. CuRTisii Buckley.

Sandy river banks. Monongalia : near Camp Eden.
Preston : near Reedsville. Grant : near Bayard. Green-
brier : near White Sulphur Springs.

A. viLLosA (Walt.) B.S.P. Hairy Angelica. (A. hirsuta, Muhl.)
Frequent in dry woods and glady meadows. Webster :
Long and Welsh Glades. Jackson : near Sandyville. Tucker :
near Davis. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monon-
galia : near Camp Eden. Preston : near Terra Alta. Ran-
dolph : on Point Mountain, alt. 2,540 ft. Hardy : near
Moorefield (Gamble). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

A. ATRO PURPUREA L. Purplish Angelica. (Archangelica atro pur-
purea, Hoffm.).

Low grounds and river banks. Grant : near Bayard.
Preston : near Terra Alta. Tucker : near Davis. Fayette :
near Kanawha falls (James).

OXYPOLIS Raf. (1825).
(Tiedemannia DC. 1829.)

O. RiGiDioR (L.) C. & R. (0. rigidus Raf.)

Swampy spots. Randolph : along Shaver's Fork of Cheat.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Terra

Alta (Millspaugh) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).^

Pocahontas: in Cranberry Glades (Sheldon 3821).

3l6 THE WEST \TKG1NIA FLORA

PSEUDOTAENIDIA ^lackenzie.

Glabrous and glaucous erect perennials from stout hori-
zontal to perpendicular rootstocks. Leaves ternately de-
compound, the leaflets entire. Umbels borne on terminal
and lateral peduncles, compound, the rays very unequal in
length. Involucre and involucels none or rarely of one O'"
two bractlets. Corolla not seen.* Calyx-teeth short, but
evident. Fruit thick, strongly flattened dorsally, oval or
obovate, glabrous. Dorsal and intermediate ribs of carpel
filiform and very much narrower than the intervals, coming
together at base and apex to form short prominent ridges ;
lateral ribs thick, broadly winged and contiguous to those
of the other carpel so as to form a broad one-edged margin
around the fruit, nerved dorsally at the inner margin and
also near the outer margin. Oil-tubes solitary in the inter-
vals or often two in the intervals nearest the lateral ribs ,
two entirely developed and two partially developed on the
commissural side. Top of fruit thickened by the converging
ribs, but stylopodium absent or much depressed. Seed-face
plane, the back rounded.

P. MONTANA Mackenzie, Torreya 3:159 (1903).

Plant 4-8 dm. high, entirely glabrous ; stems striate ;
leaves several, the blades two or three times ternately com-
pound; the segments entire, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, oval
or oblanceolate, glaucous and strongly veined beneath, ses-
sile or stalked, 10-30 mm. long, 6-20 mm. wide, mucronate,
often inequilateral at base; petioles dilated at base, striate
and clasping the stem; peduncles 6-20 cm. long; rays of
umbels 8-12, 1-5 cm. long; rays of umbellets usually slightly
more numerous, 3-7 nmi. long; fruit 5-6 mm. long, 4 mm.
wide, the lateral ribs i mm. wide.

The plant exactly resembles Tacnidia intcgcrrima (L.)
Drude in everything except the fruit.

In dry open woods, in a clayey soil intermixed with loose
rocks. Greenbrier : side of Kate's Mountain, August 29,
1903 (Mackenzie).

SIUM Linn.

S. CICUTAEFOLIUM Gmcl.

In swampy places. Randolph : on Tygart Valley River
near Huttonville (Grcenman 434).

*Almost certainly yellow.

WEST X'IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ■ 3I7

HARPERELLA Rose.

H. viviPARA Rose.

Wet bottomlands. Jefferson: near Harper's Fevry(Aikcii).

HERACLEUM L.

H. LANATUM Michx. Cow Parsnip.

Wet grounds. Eewis : along- Leading Creek. Upshur :
near Lorenz. ]\andolph : along Tygart's Valley River.
Webster : Welch Glade.

IMPERATORIA Linn.

L OsTRUTHiuM Linn.

Established in field and along a road at McClure, Webster
County (H. H. Smith 1558).

PASTINACA L.

P. SATiVA L. Wild Parsnip.

Waste grounds and cultivated fields. Randolph : Cheat
Mountains, alt. 3.350 ft. Jefferson : near Shenandoah Jc
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Mineral: oppo-
site Cumberland. ^lorgan : near Hancock. Wood : near
Kanawha Station. Mason: near Point Pleasant. Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble).

THASPIUM Nuttall.

T. TRiFOLiATUM (L.) Brittou.

Mountain woodlands. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
T. TRiF0LL\TUM AUREU^f (Nutt.) Brittou. Meadow Parsnip.

Thickets and meadows. Frequent throughout the State.

T. BARBINODE (Michx.) Nutt.

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston

4347 )•

Ricli woods. Mercer: plentiful near Bluestone Tc. Tay-
lor: near Grafton (Pollock).

LIGUSTICUM L.

L. Canadense (L.) Britton.

Rich soil. Grant : near liayard, plentiful along the Black-
water Fork of Cheat River.

3l8 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ERYNGIUM L.

E. AQUATicuiM L. Rattle-snake Master. (E. yuccae folium
Michx.).

Swampy places. Webster : at Welch Glade.

SANICULA L.

S. Marilandica L. Black Snake-root.

Rich woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Preston :
near Terra Alta {Mills paugh) ; near Cranberry Summit
(Mertc 995) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
S. Canadensis L.

Rich soil. Monongalia : near Little Falls. Marion : near
Opekiska. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Niittall).
S. TRiFOLiATA Bickuell.

Along Madam Creek opposite Hinton, Summers County,
alt. 1,500 ft., July 9, 1900 (Morris 961). Monongalia: near
Marilla (Sheldon 1632).
S. GREGARiA Bicknell.

Woods and thickets. Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston

5567)-

TAENIDIA Drude.

T. iNTEGERRiMA (L.) Drudc. (Pimpinella integerriina L.).

Rocky hillsides. Lewis : along Stone Coal Creek, and

Randolph: on Point Mountain (Millspatigh). Preston: near

Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Upshur: near Buckhannon

(Pollock). Monongalia: near Seneca (Sheldon 3574).

CHAEROPHYLLUM L.

C. PROCUMBENS (L.) Crantz.

Ohio: Elm Grove, near Wheeling (Merts & Guttenherg).

WASHINGTONIA Raf. (1818).
(Osv.iorrhi.za Raf. 18 18).

W. Claytoni (Michx.) Britton. (O. hreiistylis DC).

Rich woods. Wirt : above Elizabeth. Gilmer : near Glen-
ville (Mapel; Broun). Monongalia: opposite Roundbot-
toms. Grant : near Bayard. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts 1042). LTpshur :
near Buckhannon (Pollock).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 3I9

W. LONGiSTYLis (Torr.) Britten.

Rich woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Marion :
near Fairmont. Tucker : near Davis. Wirt : above Elizabeth.

ZIZIA Koch.

Z. CORDATA (Walt.) DC.

River banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4345).
Z. AUREA (L.) Koch.

Damp places. Monongalia : The Flats, and along the
Monongahela. Marion : near Opekiska. Fayette : near Nutt-
allburg^ (Nuttall).
Z. Bebbii (C. & R.) Britton. (Z. atirea, var. Bebbii C. & R.)-
Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Of specimens gathered in Mason, near Pt. Pleasant, Prof.
Coulter says : "Flowers too white, and altogether it does
not quite fit, and is indeterminable on account of the imma-
ture fruit." Greenbrier Co., on Kate's Mountain, alt. 3,300
ft. (Small; Heller 841).

CICUTA L.

C. MAcuLATA L. Spotted Cow-bane. Beaver Poison.

Swampy spots, and wet meadows. Randolph: along
Tygart's Valley River plentiful. Fayette : along Loup Creek
(James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Putnam : near Scott's
Depot (James). Gilmer: Glenville (Brozmi) ; near DeKalb
P. O. Morgan : near Cacapon. Monongalia : near Ice's
Ferry. Mason : near Point Pleasant.

C. BULBIFERA L.

Wet places. Mason : near Pt. Pleasant.

DERINGA Adans. (1763).
(Cryptotaenia, DC. 1829).

D. Canadensis (L.) Kuntze. Honewort. (Cryptotaenia Cana-

densis (L.) DC).

Shady rocks. Monongalia : Roundbottoms and Little Falls
Marion: near Opekiska. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Niitt-
all). Tucker: rich woods near Parsons (Greenman 145).

HYDROCOTYLE L.

H. Americana L. Water Pennywort.

Along streams. Jefiferson : near Flowing Spring. Ran-
dolph : above Cricard P. O. Grant : near Bayard. Green-

320 THE WEST VIKCINIA FLORA

brier : near White Sulphur Spriii,o-s. Preston : at Cranberry
Summit {iMcrt:: 990) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Airs. Steele).

ERIGENIA Nutt.

E. BULBOSA (Michx). Nutt. Harbino^er of Spring.

Rich open woods. Monongalia : opposite Granville, plen-
tiful. Fayette: near Nuttallburg- (Nuttall).

C O R N A C E AE.

CORNUS L.

C. FiORiDA L. Flowering Dogwood.

Dry woods. Monongalia throughout, some quite large
trees near Morgantown. Wood, Wirt and Calhoun counties.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Brozai; Mapel). Lewis and Upshur
(Millspaugh ; Pollock). Randolph : on Cheat Mountains, alt.
3,600 ft. Marion: Webster: Hacker Valley (H. H. SmfiJi
1588). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer : near Bluefield. Greenbrier
Co., on Kate's Alountain, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small).
C. ciRCiNATA L'FIer. Round-leaved Dogwood.

Damp, cool woods. Rare. Upshur : near Lorentz.
C. Amomum Mill. Kinnikinnik. (C. scricca L.).

Wet places. Grant : near Bayard. Randolph : along
Tygart's Valley River. Nicholas : along Peter Creek. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg [Xuttall). Upshur: near Buckhan-
non (Pollock).
C. STOLONiFERA Michx. Red Osier.

Moist places. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mcrts 1056).

C. CANDiDissiMA Marsh. Panicled Cornel. (C. panic 11 lata U^&r.'^

Thickets and river banks. Monongalia : near Morgantown.

Marion : Montana ; along Beaver Creek. Randolph : Cheat

River, alt. 2,700 ft. Summers : near Hinton. Hampshire :

near Romney.

C. ALTERNIFOLIA L. f.

Hillside copses. Monongalia, Marion, Preston, Wood
and Calhoun counties. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Lewis: along
Leading Creek. L^pshur : near Lawrence (Millspaugh)',
near Buckhannon (Pollock) ; near Newlin (H. H. Smith
1784). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Greenbrier:
near White Sulphur Springs. Summers : near Hinton.
C. Canadensis L. Dwarf Cornel.

Deep woods. Hampshire: on Ice iNIountain (Rumsey).
Pendleton: summit of Spruce Knob (A. B. Brooks).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 321

NYSSA L.

N. SYLVATiCA Marsh. Black Gum.

Various situations throughout the State. Wood : near
Leachtown. Wirt : along Straight Creek. Calhoun : near
Brookville. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Monongalia:
near Morgantown. Randolph : on Point Mountain. Web-
ster : on Buffalo Bull Mountains. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton; and along the Green-
brier River. Kanawha : near Handley. Mercer : near Ingle-
side. Immense growths of this species at Pickens, Randolph
Co., with trunks 3 to 4 ft. in diameter (Millspaugh).

CLETHRACEAE.

CLETHRA L.

C. ACUMINATA Michx. White Alder.

Wooded banks. Fayette : along the Gauley River at the
base of the Gauley Mountains : near Nuttallburg, uncommon
{Nuttall).

PYROLACEAE.

PYROLA L.

P. ELLiPTiCA Nutt. Shin-leaf.

Rich woods. Ivanawha : near Charleston {James). Pres-
ton : near Terra Alta.
P. ROTUNDiFOLiA L. Shin-leaf.

Sandy woodlands, frequent. Upshur : summit on Staunton
Pike. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg {Nuttall). Grant: near Bayard. Hardy: near
Moorefield {Gamble).

MONESES Salisb.

M. UNiFLORA (L.) A. Gray. One-flowered Pyrola. {M. grandi-
iiora S. F. Gray).

Deep, cold woods. Gilmer : near Glenville (Ma/'^/). Pres-
ton : along Laurel Hills. Monongalia : near Cheat View, and
along Quarry Run.

CHIMAPHILA Pursh.

C. UMBELLATA (L.) Nutt. Princc's Pine.

Dry woods, rare compared with the next. Monongalia :
along Decker's Creek ; and on Laurel Hills in pine thickets.

322 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. MACULATA ( L. ) Pursh. "Pipsisseway."

Rich woods, frequent throughout the northern, eastern,
and central counties. Gihner : near Glenville (Mapel;
Brozi/n). Kanawha: near Charleston (James). Fayette:
near Hawk's Nest, and Kanawha Falls ; near Nuttallsburg
{Niittall). Hardy; near Moorefield {Gamble).

M O N O T R O PA C E AE.

AIONOTROPSIS Schwein.

M. ODORATA Ell.

Upshur : growing at the edge of a sandy bottom along
Little Bush Run of French Creek {Brooks).

MONOTROPA L.

M. UNiFLORA L. Indian-pipe. Corpse-plant.

Deep, rich woods. Wirt : near Elizabeth. Kanawha : near
Charleston {James). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Preston: near Terra Alta
(Millspaugh) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele. Webster:
deep woods on Tater Knob (H. H. Smith 1495)- Grant:
near Bayard. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

HYPOPITYS Hill.

H. Hypopitys (L.) Small. Pine Sap. (Monotropa Hypopitys'L.).
Deep, rich woods. Wirt : near Elizabeth. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel,
Brozvn). Kanawha: near Charleston (James). Upshur:
summit on Staunton Pike. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

E R I C A C E AE.

AZALEA L.

A. ARBORESCENS Pursh. Smooth Azalea.

Glades and along mountain streams. Fayette : near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall). Webster: Upper and Welch Glades.
A. CANESCENS Michx. Hoary Azalea.

Flampshire : Mutton Run, near Cacapon Springs ; Dillon's
Run, near Cacapon River.

Specimens in full leaf were noted at these points thar
dififer widely from R. nudiflorum and R. calendulaceum, and

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 323

seem, so far at least, to be this species. Greenbrier Co.,
Kate's Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small).
A. viscosA L. Sticky Azalea.

Glades and cool ravines. Preston : Kingwood glades.
Kanawha : near Charleston (Barnes). Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg (Niittall) ; near Hawk's Nest (James). Webster: near
Long Glade. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
Var. GLAUCA Michx. "Cinnamon Honeysuckle."

Rocky streams in the higher mountains. Tucker : along
the Blackwater Fork of Cheat.
Var. NiTiDA (Pursh.) Britton.

Glades. Webster : in Long and Upper Glades.
A. NUDiFLORA L. "Wild Honeysuckle." Pinxter Flower.

Rocky places along streams. Common throughout the
northern, central, and eastern portions of the State. Mercer :
near Princeton 6-8 ft. high.
A. LUTEA L. Flaming Azalea.

Mountain woods. Monongalia : Cheat View. Alineral :
near Keyser (Workman). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapcl).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 1,800 ft., flowers with a deli-
cate fragrance quite distinct from that of other Azaleas
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton. Preston: along the
Laurel Hills. McDowell : near Elkhorn. . Mercer : near
Princeton and Bluefield. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pol-
lock).

RHODODENDRON L.

R. MAXIMUM L. Great Laurel.

Deep rich woods, forming the most dense and tangled
thickets in the mountains. Western limit on the Great Ka-
nawha River near Charleston, Kanawha County. Common
throughout the eastern and northern portions of the State

R. Catawbiense Michx. Lilac-colored Laurel.

Deep, rich mountain woods, rare. Pendleton : near Cherry
Grove. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, where it prefers the face
of cliffs (Niittall). Greenbrier: Top of Alleghanies. Sum-
mers : near Llinton.

MENZIESIA Smith.

M. piLosA (Michx.) Pers. (M. globularis Salisb.).

Pocahontas: summit of Spruce Knob, alt. 4,800 ft. (Hop-
kins).

324 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

KALMIA L.

K. LATiFOLiA L. Mountain Laurel. Calico-bush. Spoon-wood.

Dry or moist hillsides and thickets ; forming impenetrable
masses in the mountains. Calhoun: Laurel Run. Upshur:
Sand Run (Millspaugh, Pollock). Webster: Buffalo Bui'
Mountains. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes). Nicho-
las : near Beaver Mills. Mononoalia : near Ice's Ferry and
Cheat View. Preston : Laurel Hills, thence southward
throughout the eastern counties. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nnttall). Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry {Mertz & Gut-
tenberg).
K. ANGUSTiFOLiA L. Shcep-laurel. Lamb-kill.

Hillsides. Calhoun : Laurel Run. Upshur : Sand Run.
Nicholas : near Beaver Mills. Randolph : near Cheat Bridge.
Hardy : near Moorefield.

PIERIS D.Don.

P. Mariana (L.) Bth. & Hook. Stagger Bush. (Andromeda
Mariana L.).

Low grounds. Webster : Long Glade. Summers : near
Hinton. Pocahontas: near Greenbank (Swank).
P. floribunda (Pursh.) Bth. & Hook. (Andromeda floribitnda
Pursh.).

Mountain woodlands. Greenbrier: in the mountains (Runi-
sey).

XOLISMA Raf.

X. LiGUSTRiNA (L.) Britton. "Seedy Buckberry."

Wet grounds. Preston : Morgan's Glade and Terra Alta.
Upshur: near Buckhannon. Webster: Upjper, Long and
Welch Glades. Nicholas : Collett's Glade. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg (Nuttail).
Var. PUBESCENS (Gray). (Andromeda Hgustrina puhescens A.
GrayJ.

Swampy place. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. :
a variation with a six-lobed corolla and six-celled ovary

(Nuttail).

OXYDENDRUM DC.

O. ARBOREUM (L.) DC. Sour Gum.

Rich woods. Wood : near Leachtown. Randolph : near
Valley Bend. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Kanawha:
near Charleston (James). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nntt-

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 325

all). Summers: along Greenbrier River and rear Hinton.
Marion : near Shinnston and Clements. Monongalia : near
Beechwoods. Mercer : Beaver Spr. and Ingleside. Webster
near Tater Knob {H. H. Smith 1498).

EPIGAEA L.

E. REPENS L. Trailing Arbutus.

In moss of shady woods. Monongalia, and Preston : along
the Laurel Hills. Gilmer : near Glenville (Ma/>f/). Mineral:
near Keyser (Workman). Kanawha: near Charleston
(James). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Niittall). Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer: near Bluefield.

GAULTHERIA L.

G. PROCUMBENS L. Wintergrcen. Tea-berry. Mountain Tea.
Cool rich woods. Throughout the mountainous regions
of the State.

VACCINIACEAE.

GAYLUSSACL/\ H. B. K.

G. DUMOSA (Andr.) T. & G. Dwarf Huckleberry.

Damp, sandy soils. Kanawha: near Charleston (James).
Hardy : near Moorefield.
G. FRONDOSA (L.) T. & G. Dangleberry.

Low copses. Fayette: near Hawk's Nest (James). Web-
ster : Upper Glade.
G. RESiNOSA (Ait.) T. & G. Huckleberry.

, Wirt : near Burning Springs. Monongalia : near Laurel
Hills. Upshur : near Buckhannon (Po//ocfe). Marion : near
Forksburg. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (A''w?/a//). Frequent
throughout the State.

POLYCODIUM Raf.

P. STAMiNEUM (L.) Greene. (Vaccinium stamineum L.).

Open woods. Wirt : near Burning Springs. Mineral •
along Knobby Alts. (Workman). Gilmer: near Glenville
(Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (ATzf^^a//). Grant: near
Bayard. Tucker : near Davis . Hardy : near Moorefield
(Gamble). Mercer : near Bluefield (Mi7/.y/)0M^/i)- Webster:
Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith 1589). Upshur: near Buck-
hannon (Pollock).

326 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

YACCINIUM L.

V. NIGRUM (Wood) Britton.

Dry rocky soil. Pendleton : on Spruce Mountain. Monon-
galia : near Morgantown (Brooks).
V. Pennsylvanicum Lam. Dwarf Blueberry.

Dry hills. Gilmer : near Glenville (Ma/x?/). Brooke : near
Wellsburg (Mcric & Gnttenberg).
V. vacillans Kalm. Low Blueberry.

Opens. Brooke: near Wellsburg {Mertz & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. {Nuttall). Upshur:
near Buckhannon {Pollock). Webster: on the highest rock
at the summit of Tater Knob {H. H. Smith 1497).
V. CORYMBOSUM L. Swamp Blueberry. "Seedy Deerberry."

Swampy thickets. Preston : Kingwood Glades ; Terra Alta
Glades. Webster : Welch, Upper and Long Glades.
V. pallidum Ait.

Glady regions. Webster : in Upper Glade. Upshur : near
Buckhannon {Pollock).
V. Canadense Richards.

In wet places. Preston: in a swamp near Cranesville {A.
B. Brooks; Rumsey; Sheldon 1497).

OXYCOCCUS Hill.

O. MACROCARPUS (Ait.) Pers. Cranberry. {Vacciiiiuiii macro-
car pon- Ait.).

Glades. Webster: Welch, Long and Upper Glades. (This
station will be lost in a few years, as drainage is being prac-
tised here to reclaim the land). Preston: Glade Farms,
Morgan's Glade, Cranberry, Reedsville and Terra Alta.
O. OxYcoccus (L.) MacM.

In cold bogs. PocaJ^ontas : Cranberry Glades ; abundant
in the open glades; Round and Flag Glades {Sheldon).
Tucker: in open glades {Brooks). Preston: near Cranes-
ville {Sheldon 1458).
O. ERYTHROCARPU.s (Michx.) Pers. {Vacciniurn Michx.)

Pocahontas : summit Spruce Knob, alt. 4,800 ft.

CHIOGENES Salisb.

C. HispiDULA (L.), T. & G. Creeping Snowberry.

Tucker : on rocks in the mist of Blackwater Fall.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 327

D I A P E N S I A C E AE.
GALAX L.

G. APHYLLA L.

Woodlands. Fayette : near Nuttallburg- (iV?///a//). Mon-
ongalia : Dille Farm near Morgantown.

P R I M U L A C E AE.

SAMOLUS L.

S. FLORIBUNDUS H. B. K.

Sandy places. Summers : shores of New River near
Hinton (Millspaitgli, Egglcston 5518).

LYSIMACHIA L.

L. ouADRiFOLiA L. Loosestrife,

Moist soils. In all sections of the State visited.
L. TERRESTRis (L.), B. S. P. (L. stj'icta Ait.).

Wet places. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, in railroad ditches,
infrequent (Nuttall). Ohio: on Bogg's Island {Mertz &
Guttenberg). Wood: near Kanawha Station.
L. NuMMULARiA L. Moncy-wort.

Escaped from cultivation. Wood : near Lockhart's Run,
profuse.

STEIRONEMA Raf.

S. CILIATUM (L.) Raf.

Low grounds and ditches. Randolph : on Rich Mountain,
alt. 1,610-2,125 ft.; on Point Mountain {Mills paugh) ; Dry
Fork River near Harman {Grccnman 237). Grant: near
Bayard. Gilmer: near Glenville (Brozvn). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nitttall) ; near Hawk's Nest. Tucker: near
Davis.
S. LANCEOLATUM (Walt.) Gray.

Low grounds. Wood : near Kanawha Station. Lewis :
along Stone Coal Creek. Randolph: along Tygart's Valley
River. Monongalia : Camp Eden.
Var. ANGUSTiFOLiuM (Lam.) Gray.

Low grounds. Monongalia : Sandy banks of Cheat River
above Camp Eden.

NAUMBERGIA Moench.

N. THYRSiFLORA (L.) Duby. Pyramidal Loosestrife. (Lysuna-
chia L.).

328 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Wet meadows near the mountains. Upshur : near Buck-
hannon. Randolph : along- Tygart's Valley River. Mor-
gan : near Hancock.

TRIENTALIS L.

A. Americana (Pers.) Pursh. Star Flower.

Damp cool woods. Mineral : near Piedmont. Grant : near
Bayard. Tucker : along Blackwater Fork of Cheat. Pres-
ton : near Terra Alta. Monongalia : near Laurel Point.

ANAGALLIS L.

A. arvensis L. Poor Man's Weather-glass.

Waste places. Jefferson: near Bolivar Heights {Merts &
Guttcnherg) ; in crevices of old walls at Harpers Ferry
{Greene). Wayne: near Fort Gay {Hopkins).

DODECATHEON L.

D, Meadia L. Shooting Star.

Rich woods. Mineral: near Keyser {Workman). Hardy:
near Moorefield {Gamble).

E B E N A C E AE.

DIOSPYROS L.

D. Virginiana L. Persimmon. Date Plum.

Thickets and opens. Wood : throughout. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel).
Monongalia : near Morgantown. Wirt : along Little Kana-
wha River. Jackson : near Ripley. Lewis : along Leading
Creek.

STYRACACEAE.

MOHRODENDRON Britton.

M. Carolinum (L.) Britton. "Shittimwood." (HaJesia fet
rapt era L.).

Banks of streams. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
below Gauley Bridge. Summers : near Hinton, abundant

OLE ACE AE.

FRAXINUS L.

F. Americana L. White Ash.

Rich woods. Frequent throughout the State. Fine spect-

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 329

mens of very large growth in Randolph Co., especially on
Channel ridge where the species grows very tall, and at
Pickens where specimens were measured from 3 to 6 ft. in
diameter.

F. Pennsylvanica Marsh. Red or Black Ash. (F. pubescens
Lam. ) .

Low grounds. Randolph : along Tygart's Valley River.
Upshur: near Lawrence. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nutt-
all) . Wood : along the Little Kanawha River. Mason : neai
Point Pleasant.

F. lanceolata Borck. Green Ash. {F. viridis Michx.).

Along streams. Summers : near Hinton. Frequent
throughout the State.

F. NIGRA Marsh. Black Ash. (F. sambucifolia Lam.).

Wet woods. Wirt: along Straight Creek. Fayette: neai

Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall). Randolph: on Point Mountain.

Webster : Buffalo Bull Mountain. Monongalia : near Ice's

Ferry. Summers : Hinton.

CHIONANTHUS L.

C. ViRGiNiCA L. Fringe Tree.

River banks. Jackson : near Sandy and Ripley. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg, plentiful (Nuttall) ; along Gauley River
near Gauley Mountains (Millspaugh) ; near Thurmond
(Hggleston 5560) ; near Hawks Nest (Holton) in fruit.
Summers : near Hinton. Monongalia : along Tibb's Run.

LIGUSTRUM L.

L. vuLGARE L. Privet.

Escaped from cultivation to waste places. Kanawha :
near Charleston (Barnes). Randolph: near Pickens (H. H.
Smith 2024).

LOGANIACEAE.

CYNOCTONUM J. G. Gmel.
(Mitreola R. Br. 1810).

C. Mitreola (L.) Britton. (M. petiolata T. & G.)

Damp soil. Fayette: near Nuttallburg; rare (Nuttall).

330 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

GENTIANACEAE.

SABBATIA Adans.

S. ANGULARis (L.) Pursli. Centaury.

Rich soil. Jackson and Wood counties, frequent. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nntt-
all). Monongalia: near Easton. Summers: near Hinton.
Harrison : near Lumberport. Marion : near Clements.

S. LANCEOLATA (Walt.) T. & G.

Wet places. Marion: near Fairmont (Botitlon).

GENTIANA L.

G. QuiNQUEFOLiA L. Four-leavcd Gentian. (G. quinqucilora.
Lam.).

Opens. Doddridge : near Long Run. Hardy : near
Moorefield (Gamble). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).
G. Andrewsii Griseb. Andrew's Gentian.

Moist woods. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft
(Nuttall). Monongalia: near Cheat View. Preston: near
Reedsville. Webster: (//. H. Smith).
G. Saponaria L, Soapwort. Gentian.

Moist woods. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (Sclby).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

G. linearis Froel.

Boggy places. Preston: near Terra Alta and Morgan's
Glade.
G. FLAviDA A. Gray. Yellow Gentian.

In moist soils, Preston : near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

OBOLARIA l.

O. ViRGiNiCA L. Pennywort.

Moist woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Ma/'^/). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). McDowell: near Elkhorn.

BARTONIA Muhl.

B. ViRGiNicA (L.) B. S. P. Yellow Bartonia.

In moist situations. Preston : near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 331

MENYANTHACEAE.

MENYANTHES Linn.

M. TRiFOLiATA Limi. Buckbean.

In cool bogs, Preston: near Cranesville (Sheldon). Poca-
hontas: Cranberry Glades (Brooks).

APOCYNACEAE.
APOCYNUM L.

A. ANDROSAEMiFOLiuM L. Spreading Dog's-bane.

Meadows, fields, and borders of thickets. Randolph:
near Cricard P. O. ; near Valley Head. Greenbrier : near
White Sulphur Springs. Mason: near Point Pleasant,
Brighton and Buffalo. ,

A. CANNABiNUM L. "Rheumatism weed." Indian Hemp. "Wild
Cotton."

Moist grounds, fields, and banks of streams. Frequent
or common throughout the State. Tucker : banks of the
Blackwater River near Hendricks (Greenman 274). Jeffer-
son: dry uplands near Harpers Ferry (Greene).

A. ALBUM Greene.

Jefferson : alluvial banks of both rivers at Harpers Ferry
(Greene).
A. PUBESCENS R. Br.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

ASCLEPIADACEAE.

ASCLEPIAS L.

A. TUBEROSA L. Pleurisy-root.

Fields and meadows. Wood : near Leachtown. Monon-
galia : near Morgantown and at Camp Eden. Lewis : along-
Leading and Stone Coal Creeks. Webster : near Long Glade.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).; near Kanawha Falls
(James) ; near Gauley Bridge (Millspaugh) ; near Hawk's
Nest (Holt on). Jackson: near Fisher's Point. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel: Brozvn). Doddridge: near Smith-
ton. Jefferson : near Shenandoah Jc. Berkeley : near Mar-
tinsburg. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock).

A. RUBRA L.

Damp woods. McDowell : near Elkhorn.

332 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

A. PURPURASCENS L. Purple Milk-weed.

Damp grounds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
near Quinnimont. Hardy: near Moorefield (Ga)iible).

A. VARIEGATA L.

Dry woods. Wirt : near Elizabeth. Upshur : near School
House Summit. Hardy: near Moorefield {Gamble). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Kanawha: near Charles-
ton (Holt on).
A. INCARNATA L. Swamp Milk-weed.

Wet places. Wirt : near Burning Springs. Gilmer : along
Tanner's Fork. Randolph : along Tygart's Valley River,
alt. 1,963-2,200 ft. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Monongalia : near Stewartown. Summers : near Hinton.
Kanawha : near Charleston. Marion : near Worthington
Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
A. PULCHRA Ehrh.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
A. Syriaca L. Milk-weed. (A. Cornuti, Dec).

Fields and roadsides. Common throughout the State,
even in the wildest portions. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).
A. EXALT ATA (L.) Muhl. Poke Milk-weed. (A. phytolaccoide.s',
Pursh.).

Moist copses. Randolph : near Valley Bend ; on Point
MouVitain, alt. 1,963-3,300 ft. Preston: near Terra Alta.
Grant : near Bayard. Tucker : near Davis. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).
A. AMPLExicAULis J. E. Smith. (A. obtusifolia Mx.).

Dry fields. Mason: near Point Pleasant (Sheldon).
A. QUADRiFOLiA Jacq. Four-leaved Milk-weed.

Open woodlands. Mineral: near Keyser (Workman).
Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes). Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mon-
ongalia: near Mapel Run (Brown). Summers: near Hin-
ton. Hardy : near Moorefield ( Gamble) .

ACERATES Ell.

A. viRiDiFLORA (Raf.) Eaton. Green-flowered Milk-weed.

Berkeley: near Martinsburg (Merts & Guttenberg).
Mineral : near Keyser. Jefiferson : near Charlestown. Jack-
son : along- Limestone Ridge.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 333

. GONOLOBUS Michx.

G. LAEVis Michx.

Climbing over weeds and fences. Mason : near Point
Pleasant. Putnam : near Buffalo. An abundant weed about
Charleston, Kanawha County (Bontlou) ; in the Salinas
(Holton).

C O N V O L V U L A C E AE.

OUAMOCLIT Aloench.

Q. cocciNEA (L.) Moench. Scarlet Morning-glory. (Ipomoca'L.)
Waste grounds. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Ala-
son : near Point Pleasant.

IPOMOEA L.

I. HEDERACEA Jacq. Ivy-leavcd Morning-glory.

Waste places. Mason : sandy banks of the Ohio near
Point Pleasant. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, banks of New-
River (Nuttall). Berkeley, near Martinsburg. Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gauible). Kanawha: at the Salinas
(Holton).
I. PURPUREA (L.) Roth. Morning-glory.

Fields, cultivated grounds and waste places. ]\Iineral :
near Keyser {Workman). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Wood : near Lockhart's Run. Monongalia : near Mor-
gantown. Jackson : near Sandy ville. Mason and Putnam :
an abundant weed in corn fields. Mineral Co., opposite
Cumberland, Md. (Small).
I. PANDURATA (L.) Meyer. "Wild Sweet Potato."

Fields, roadsides, and waste places. Monongalia : near
Stewartown, Morgantown and Glenville. Marion : near
Houghtown, Opekiska, and Fairmont. Wood: near Kana-
wha Station and Lockhart's Run. Gilmer : near Glenville
(Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Green-
brier : near White Sulphur Springs. Monroe : near Alder-
son. Mason : near Point Pleasant. Summers : near Hinton.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

Reported as a troublesome weed, from the following
localities : INIarion : near Canton, Farmington, Barracksville,
Eldora, and Worthington. Taylor : near Grafton. Harri-
son : near Clarksburg, Bridgeport, Good Hope, Mt. Clair,
and Wallace. Hampshire : near Slanesville, Concord, Three
Churchs, Bloomery, Dillon's Run, and Springfield. Jeffer-
son : near Summit Point, Shenandoah Jc, Middleway, and

334 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Kabletown. Jackson : near Douglass, Lone Cedar, Grass
Lick, Garfield, Wikling, Odaville, Belgrove, and Kentuck.
Ohio: near Alum Grove. Hancock: near New Cumberland.
Lincoln : near Hamlin. Wood : near Waverly, Belleville,
Tyner, Jerry's Run, Fountain Spring, Blennerhassett, Mur-
phy's Mills, Deer Walk, and Rockport. Lewis : near Vadis,
and Aberdeen. Wirt : near Burning- Springs, Morris, Eliza-
beth, and Reedy Ripple. vSummers : near Forest Hill, Tal-
cott, Clayton, and Indian Mills. Preston : near Masontown,
and Reedsville. Wetzel : near Endicott, Pine Grove, New
Martinsville, and Blake. Mineral : near Patterson's Depot,
and Piedmont. Berkeley : near Oakton, Martinsburg, and
Gerardstown. Webster : near Replete. Ritchie : near Ritchie
C. H., and Highland. Mercer: near Princeton, Concord
Church, Bramwell and New Hope. Cabell : near Union
Ridge and Milton. Kanawha : near Pocotaligo, Blandon and
Gazil. Monroe : near Cashmere, and Johnson's X Roads.
Wayne : near Adkin's Mills, and Stone Coal. Randolph :
near Florence. Doddridge : near Smithton, Center Point,
and Leopold. Fayette: near Fayetteville. Braxton: near
Bulltown, Lloydsville, Frametown, and Newville. Tyler :
near Wick, and Long Reach. Roane : near Newton, Looney-
ville, Clio, Reedy, Walnut Grove and Peneil. Upshur : near
Evergreen, Kanawha Head, and Overhill. Barbour : near
Pepper. Marshall : near Meighen, and Welcome. Grant :
near Medley, and Greenland. Raleigh : near Egeira, and
Raleigh C. H. Greenbrier : near Traut Valley, and White
Sulphur Springs. McDowell : near Squire Jim. Mason :
near Maggie. Taylor : near Thornton, and Meadland.
Brooke : near Wellsburg, and Fowler's. Pleasants : near
Schultz. Putnam : near Carpenter's. Hardy : near Old
Fields. Clay : near Valley Fork.

L LACUNOSA L.

Fayette : sandy banks of New River near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Kanawha: at the Salinas (Holton). Jefferson:
near Harpers Ferry {Mcrriam). Summers: near Hinton.

CONVOLVULUS L.

C. SPITHAMAEUS L.

Rocky soil. Mineral: near Keyser {IVorkuian).
C. Sepium L. Hedge Bindweed.

Alluvial soils. Monongalia : near Little Falls ; and along
Decker's Creek. Mason : near Point Pleasant.
C. repens L.

Rocky river banks. Fayette : banks of New River near
Nuttallburg (A'?///a//). Monongalia: below ^Morgantown.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 335

CUSCUTACEAE.

CUSCUTA L.

C. Epithymum Miirr. Clover Dodder. (C. trifolii Bab.)-

Parasitic on Clover. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs.
C. ARVENSis Beyrich.

On Ambrosia art emisiae folia in very dry grounds below
Baileysville, Wyoming County, alt. 1,150 ft., August 13-
19, 1900 (Morris, 1203a).
C. Gronovii Willd. Dodder.

Parasitic on grasses, sedges, and low weeds. Preston :

near Aurora (Air. & Mrs. Steele). Kanawha: opposite

Charleston (Holton). Frequent in wet places throughout

the State.

C. paradox A Raf. (C glomerata Choisy.)

Parasitic on Compositae. Monongalia : near Little Falls.

POLE M O N I A C E AE.

PHLOX L.

P. PANICULATA Linn.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
P. PANICULATA, Vor. ACUMINATA (Pursh.) Chapm.

Monroe: banks of Greenbrier River (Nuttall). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Tucker: rich woods
near Parsons (Greenman 273).
P. MACULATA L. Wild Sweet William.

Grassy woodlands along streams. Wirt : above Burning
Springs, plentiful. Upshur : near Lorentz. Randolph : along
Tygart's Valley River from Beverly to Valley Head. Hardy :
near Moorefield (Gamble).
P. AMOENA Sims.

Dry open woods. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, frequent
(Nuttall).

P. REPTANS Michx.

Deep damp woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Grant : near Bayard. Tucker : near DavisT Fayette : near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mercer: near Bluefield. Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock).

P. DIVARICATA L. M. & G.

Rocky woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown and Stump-
town. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel, Brown). Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Mercer : near Bluefield. 'L&w'is: (Pollock).

336 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. suBULATA L. Moss Pillk.

Dry rocky places. Mineral: near Keyser (Workman).
Fayette: near Hawk's Nest (James). Monongalia and
Marion : near the F. M. & P. R. R. Hardy : near Moore-
field (Gamble; F. E. Brooks). Mercer: near Bluefield,
Greenbrier Co., dry, stony ledges on Kate's Mountain, alt.
3,300 ft. (Small; Heller 812).
P. Brittonii Small, Bull. Torr. Club, 27:279. (1900).

Perennial, deep green. Stems copiously branched;
branches matted, forming wide tufts, glandular-pilose :
leaves numerous, small ones often clustered in the axils of
the larger; blades subulate or narrowly linear-subulate, 5-10
mm. long, ciliate, especially near the base : calices 5-6mm.
long, glandular-pubescent like the branches ; segments subu-
late, about as long as the tube : corolla white : tube curved,
about icm. long; limb I2-I3mm. wide; segments cuneate,
with two pale magenta spots near the base, cleft by a V-
shaped sinus about 3mm. deep, usually with a minute tooth
in each sinus, tips acute or acutish.

A relative of P. subulata but more delicate in all its parts.
(Note the contrasting characters as tabulated in the original
description of the species).

The specimens upon which the species is based were col-
lected by Dr. N. L. Britton, at White Sulphur Springs,
Greenbrier County, May 1898.

POLEMONIUM L.

P. reptans L. Greek Valerian.

Damp woods. Monongalia : in Brand's Woods near

Easton, where it is used by the people of that neighborhood

as a stomachic and tonic. Rich woods, near Morgantown.

Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
P. Van Bruntiae Britton. Jacob's Ladder. (P. cocrnlcum A.

Gray.

Moist opens. Preston: near Cranberry Summit (Merta &
Guttenberg) .

HYDROPHYLLACEAE.

HYDROPHYLLUM L.

H. MACROPHYLLUM Nutt. Small-leavcd Water-leaf

Rich woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Wetzel:
near Burton (Merts & Guttenberg).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 337

H. ViRGiNicuM L. Water-leaf.

Rich woods. Monongalia and Marion : along the Monon-
gahela River. Ohio : near Wheeling {Merts & Guttenberg).
Hampshire : near Romney.
H. Canadense L. Canadian Water-leaf.

Damp rich woods. Monongalia and Marion : along the
Monongahela River. Fayette : near Kanawha Falls (lames).
Ohio: near Wheeling {Mertz & Guttenberg).
H. appendiculatum Michx.

Ohio : Thomas' Hill, near Wheeling {Merts & Guttenberg).
Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Grant: near Bayard,
Tucker : near the Falls of Blackwater.

PHACELIA Juss.

P. BIPINNATIFIDA Michx.

Rich soil. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, on or among damp
mossy rocks (Nuttall). .
P. PuRSHii Buckley.

Moist wooded banks. Alonongalia : banks of Decker's
Creek. Mineral : near Keyser ( Workman) . Gilmer : near
Glenville (Mapcl).
P. DUBiA (L.) Small. (P. parviflora Pursh.).

Shaded banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

BORAGINACEAE.

HELIOTROPIUM Linn.

H. Indicum Linn.

Established on waste grounds near Harpers Ferry, Jeffer-
son County (Merriam).

CYNOGLOSSUM L.

C. officinale L. Hound's Tongue. "Dog-burr."

Waste places and roadsides. Jefferson : near Shenandoah
Jc. Gilmer: near Glenville (Brozvn). Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble). Mercer: generally frequent.
C. ViRGiNicuM L. Wild Comfrey.

Wood openings. Calhoun : near White Pine. Grant :
near Bayard. Preston : near Terra Alta. Monongalia : near
Morgantown. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Summers:
near Hinton.

338 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

LAPPULA Moench (1794).
(Echinospermum Sw. 1818.)

L. Virginian A (L.) Greene. Beggar's-lice.

Borders and thickets. Frequent throughout the State.

MERTENSIA Roth.

M. ViRGiNicA (L.) DC. Virginian Cowshp. Lung-wort. Blue-
bells.

Rich woods. Monongalia and Marion ; along the Monon-
gahela River. Lewis : along Stone Coal Creek. Wirt : near
Elizabeth. Upshur: near Laurentz {Millspaugh, Pollock).
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel, Brozvn). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble).

ONOSMODIUM Michx.

O. Carolinianum (Lam.) DC.

Summers : banks of New River near Hinton.

MYOSOTIS L.

M. palustris (L.) Lam. Forget-me-not.

Damp places. Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry {Merts &
Guttenbcrg).
M. LAX A Lehm.

About a spring near Kegley, Mercer County, alt. 2,090 ft.,
July 2 1 , 1 900 ( Morris 1 04 1 ) .
M. arvensis (L.) Lam. Scorpion grass.

Grassy places. Randolph: near Helvetia (Gnttenberg).

SYMPHYTUM L.

S. OFFICINALE L. Comfrey.

Waste places. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Mercer:
near Ingleside.

LITHOSPERMUM L.

L. arvense L. Corn Cromwell.

Fields. Ohio: near Wheeling {Merts & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near NuttaWhurg (Nuttall).
L. LATiFOLiuM Michx. Stoue-sccd.

Ohio : Cowan's Hill near Wheeling (Merts & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg; rare, not found in 1891 {Nutt-
all). Monongalia: near Little Falls {Walker).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 339

L. CANESCENS (Michx.) Lehm. Puccoon.

Open woods. Mineral: on Knobby Mountain {Workman ).
Hardy: near Old Fields (Hopkins) ; and Moorefield {Gam-
ble). Hampshire : near Romney {Millspaugh).

ECHIUM L.

E. vuLGARE L. "Blue Weed." "Blue Devils." "Blue Thistle."
"Blue Stem."

Fields and waste ground. JeiTerson : abundant especially
near Charlestown, where there are many fields absolutely
blue with the plant. Dr. Gray says of his trip through this
country: "From the moment we entered the valley, we
observed such immense quantities of Echium vulgare, that
we were no longer surprised at the doubt expressed by
Pursh whether it were really an introduced plant ;" near
Shenandoah Junction; Shepherdstown and Harper's Ferry.
Randolph: along Tygart's Valley River; near Huttonsvill'e,
and up Riffles Creek. Berkeley : near Martinsburg, plentiful.
Morgan: near Hancock, Cacapon and Orleans" X Roads.
Mineral : near Keyser, and Piedmont. Fayette : near Kana-
wha Falls {James) ; near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Kanawha:
opposite Coalburg. Summers : near Hinton. Jefiferson : near
Summit Point. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
Hardy : near Moorefield.

Also reported from : Jefferson : near Ripon, Summit Point.
Middleway and Kabletown. Berkeley: near Oakton and
Hedgesyille. Morgan: near Rock Gap. Hanipshire : near
Slanesville, Concord, Romney, Three Churches, Dillon's Run,
Higginsville, Sedan, Purgitsville and Springfield. Mineral:
near Blaine. Hardy: near Moorefield, Wardensville and
Old Fields. Grant : near Medley, Greenland and Petersburg.
Tucker : near Hendricks and St. Georges. Pendleton : near
Franklin and Upper Tract. Pocahontas: near Lobelia.
Greenbrier : near Williamsburg and Fort Spring. Summers •
near Talcott. Mercer : near Princton and New Hope. Mc-
Dowell : near Squire Jim. Wood : near Waverly. Lewis :
near Vadis and Aberdeen. Barbour : near Old Field. Web-
ster : near Replete. Wetzel : near Endicott. Doddridge :
near Smithton. Marshall : near Lowdenville. Roane : near
Clio and Walnut Grove. Kanawha : near Tornado. Taylor :
near Thornton ; and Clay : near Valley Fork.

340 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

VERBENACEAE.

VERBENA L.

V. OFFICINALIS L. Vervain.

Waste grounds. Jefferson : plentiful at Harpers Ferry
(Alerts & Guttenbcrg; Greene).
V. URTiCAEFOLiA L. White Vervain.

Waste or open grounds. Common throughout the State.
V. HASTATA L. Blue A'ervain.

Damp waste grounds and roadsides. Frequent throughout
the State. In some regions rare.

V. ANGUSTIFOLIA Michx.

Roadsides and waste places. Throughout Jefferson County.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

LIPPIA L.

L. LANCEOLATA Michx. Fog Fruit.

Waste grounds. Ohio : near West Wheeling (Alert:; &
Gutteiiberg). Mason: banks of the Ohio River near Point
Pleasant.

L A B I A T AE.

ISANTHUS Michx.

I. BRACHIATUS (L.) B. S. P. False Pennyroyal. (I. coeruleus,
Michx.).

Mineral : opposite Cumberland, Md. (Alerts & Gutt en-
berg) .

TEUCRIUM L.

T. Canadense L. Germander. Wood Sage.

Low grounds. Wood : ditches near Kanawha Station,
Jackson: near Sandyville. Gilmer: near Glenville (Alapel).
Cabell: near Barboursville (James). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg, profile of expanded flower resembles a deer's head
(Nuttall). Monongalia: near Ice's Ferry. Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble).

TRICHOSTEMA L.

T. DiCHOTOMUM L. Bastard Pennyroyal.

Dry fields. Mason : near Brighton. Hardy : near Moore-
field (Gamble).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 34I

SCUTELLARIA L.

S. LATERIFLORA L. Mad-dog Skull-cap.

Wet shady places. Frequent throughout the State.
S. CORDIFOLIA Muhl. vor. MINOR (Chapm.). (S. versicolor
minor Chapm.) . 4

Rich soil. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). On vis-
iting Mr. Nuttall's station for this species, a moss covered
boulder, I was impressed with the great beauty of this little
skull-cap, which, in its mossy bed, resembled a bright blue
bit of color upon a Fairy's palette.

S. SAXATiLis Riddell.

Moist shady banks. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
along the north bank of the Great Kanawha River near
Kanawha Falls. Jefferson : under cliffs along the Shenan-
doah River at Harpers Ferry (Greene).

S. SERRATA Andrews.

Woodlands: Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes). Put-
nam: near Buffalo. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. iNCANA Muhl. (S. cancscens Nutt.).

Ditches and moist places. Wirt : near Elizabeth. Kana-
wha: up 8 Mile Creek (Millspaugh) . Upshur: near Buck-
hannon (Pollock).
S. piLosA Michx.

Dry mountain sides. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Var. HiRSUTA (Short) Gray.

With the preceding. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

S. INTEGRIFOLIA L.

Low grounds. Wood : near Kanawha Station, abundant.
S. PARVULA Michx.

Sandy banks. Wood : near Parkersburg (Mert:: & Gut-
tenberg). Mason: near Point Pleasant.

S. GALERICULATA L.

Wet shady places. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes) ;
near Pocataligo. Jackson : near Fisher's Point. Gilmer .
near Fisher's Point; near Glenville (Brown).

Waste grounds, escaped from gardens. Randolph : near
Forma albiflora Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 42S.

Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes).
S. NERVOSA Pursh.

Moist thickets. Monongalia : on The Flats near Morgan-
town (Millspaugh). Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts 2062).

342 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

MARRUBIUM L.

M. vuLGARE L. Horehonnd,

Waste grounds, escaped from gardens. Randolph : near
Ford's. Jefferson : near Shepherdstown, plentiful.

AGASTACHEClayt. (1762).
(Lopliaiithus. Benth, 1834.)

A. NEPETOiDES (L.) Kuutze. Giant Hyssop.

Ohio: near Wheeling- {Merts & Guttenberg).
A. scROPHULARiAEFOLiA (Willd.) Kuntze.

Woods and thickets. Preston : near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

MEEHANIA Britton.

M. CORDATA (Nutt.) Britton (Cedronella Bth.).

Moist, shady ravines. Kanawha : near Charleston
(Barnes). Fayette : near Kanawha Falls (/a/uf'.y). Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapcl; Brozvn). Randolph: summit of
Point Mountain, alt. 3,700 ft. Monongalia : near Round
Bottoms ; opposite Little Falls. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock). Taylor:
near Grafton (Canby). Hancock : near Fairview (Hill).

NEPETA L.

N. CATARiA L. Catnip.

Roadsides and waste places. Common throughout the
State.

Found at various points in the higher Alleghanies, remote
from dwellings.

GLECOMA L.

G. HEDERACDA L. Grouud Ivv. Gill-over-the-ground. (Nepeta
Bth.).

Abundant throughout the settled portions of the State.

PRUNELEA L.

P. VULGARIS L. Heal-all. (Brunella Bth.).

All situations, common throughout the State.
Forma albi flora (Boggenhard) Britt.

Jackson : on Limestone Ridge.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 343

SYNANDRA Nutt.

S. HiSPiDULA (Michx.) Britten.

Wet places. Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts).

PHYSOSTEGIA Benth.

P. ViRGiNiANA (L.) Benth. False Dragon-head.

Wet places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; near
Kanawha Falls (James).

GALEOPSIS L.

G. Tetrahit L. Hemp Nettle.

Waste places. Preston : near Terra Alta ; near Cranberry
Summit {Merts & Guttenberg) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

LEONURUS L.

L. Cardiaca L. Motherwort.

Waste places near dwellings. Monongalia : near Ice's
■ Ferry. Hardy : near Moorefield. Mercer : near Princeton.
Jefferson : near Shenandoah Jc.

LAMIUM L.

L. AMPLEXicAULE L. Dead Nettle.

Escaped from Gardens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Monongalia: plentiful on the College Campus.

L. MACULATUM L.

Escaped and established from gardens. Preston : at Bruce-
ton (Rumsey).
L. purpureum Linn.

Established in waste grounds near Morgantown, Monon-
galia County (Sheldon 4267).

STACHYS L.

S. TENUIFOLIA WiUd.

In a moist field, Monongalia : near Sabraton (Sheldon
4322).
S. PALusTRis L. Hedge Nettle.

Wet grounds. Gilmer: near Glenville (Brozvn).

S. ASPERA Michx.

Damp places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

344 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Var. GLABRA Gray.

Damp places. Mason : banks of the Ohio River near Point
Pleasant, common.

S. CORDATA Ridd.

Rocky thickets. Wirt : near Elizabeth.

SALVIA L.

M. LYRATA L. Sage.

Meadows. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg (NiittaU). Gilmer: near Glenville (Ma-
pel). Mercer: near Ingleside.

MONARDA L.

M. DiDYMA L. Bee-balm. Oswego-Tea.

Moist places. Randolph : near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,350 ft. ;
near Valley Head. Mineral : near Davis. Grant and Tucker
on W. Va. Central R. R. Monroe: near Alderson. Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble). Randolph: near Pickens (H. H.
Smith 1409). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

M. FiSTULOSA L. Wild Bergamot.

Dry soils. Wirt : near Elizabeth. Gilmer : near DeKalb,
abundant; near Glenville (Map el). Randolph: summit of
Point Mountain, alt. 3,700 ft. Monongalia : near Ice's Ferry.
Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nut fall) ; near Kanawha Falls
(James). Kanawha: near Coalburg (James). Greenbrier:
near White Sulphur Springs. Marion : near Fairmont.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

M. MEDIA Willd.

Moist grounds. Mineral : along Abraham's Creek. Sum-
mers : near Greenbrier Stockyards. Monroe : near Aider-
son.

M. SCABRA Beck.

Shady places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

M. Clinopodia L. Basil Balm.

Woods and thickets, Webster: near Tater Knob; and
Nicholas: near Richwood (H. H. Smith 1414, 1521, 1744)-
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

BLEPHILIA Raf.

B. HiRSUTA (Pursh.) Torrey.

Fields and fence rows. Randolph : summit of Rich Moun-
tain, alt. 3,000 ft. Fayette: near Hawk's Nest (James).
Preston : near Terra Alta.

■ WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 345

B. CILIATA (L.) Raf.

On dry banks at Bargers Spring, Summers County, alt.
1,500 ft., July 13, 1900 (Morris, 999) ; thickets near Keg-
ley, Mercer County, alt. 2,100 ft., July 2y, 1900 (Morris,
1067).

HEDEOMA Pers.

H. PULEGioiDES (L.) Pers. American Pennyroyal.

Dry fields and woods. Common throughout the State,

MELISSA L.

M. OFFICINALIS L. Balm.

Escaped from gardens. Kanawha : up 8-Mile Creek.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Ntittall).

CLINOPODIUM L. (1753).
(Calamintha Moench. 1794.)

C. Calamintha (L.) Kuntze. Basil.

Dry soils. Upshur : near Buckhannon. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall). Randolph: near Crickard P. O.
C. VULGARE Linn. Basil.

Roadside, Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1368,
1476). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

KOELLIA Moen. (1794).
(Pycnanthemum, Michx. 1803.)

K. FLEXuosA (Walt.) MacM. (P. linifolium Pursh.)

Dry grounds. Wood : near Kanawha Station and Lock-
hart's Run. Fayette : near Kanawha Falls (James) ; near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Terra Alta. Sum-
mers : near Hinton. Monroe : near Alderson. Upshur :
near Buckhannon (Pollock).

K. VERTiciLLATA (Michx.) Kuntzc. (P. Torreyi Bth.).

Dry soil. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Sum-
mers : near Hinton.
K. cLiNOPODioiDES (T. & G. ) Kuutze.

Dry soil. Nicholas: near Beaver Mills, alt. 2,125 ^^^
K. PYCNANTHEMOiDES (Lcavenw.) Kuntze. (P. Tullia Bth.).
Open woods and banks. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, com-
mon (Nuttall).

346 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

K. INCANA (L.) Kuntze. Mountain Mint.

Dry soils. Wirt : near Burning Springs and Elizabeth
Monongalia : near Morgantown. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).
K. MONTANA (Michx.) Kuutze.

Rocky river banks. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, rare. Not
found in 1891 (Nuttall).
K. MUTiCA (Michx.) Britton.

Sandy soils. Webster: Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith

1557)-

K. ViRGINIANA (L.) McM.

Dry roadsides and pasture lands. Randolph : near Elkins
(Greeiiman 473).

CUNILA L.

C. ORiGANOiDES (L.) Britton. Dittany. (C Mariana L.).

Dry hillsides. Gilmer : near Glenville {Map el). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nutfall). Wetzel: near Burton (Merts
& Guttenbcrg).

LYCOPUS L.

L. UNiFLORUS Michx.

L. communis and memhranaceus of Bicknell. Randolph :
near Cheat Bridge {Sheldon 2609).
L. ViRGiNicus L. Bugle Weed.

Low, wet grounds. Common throughout the State.
L. Americanus Muhl. (L. sinuatus Ell.).

Low, wet ground. Mason : near Point Pleasant.

MENTHA L.

M. spicata L. Spearmint. {M. viridis L.)

Low grounds and damp places. Frequent, even at tho
higher altitudes.
M. piperita L. Peppermint.

A frequent escape along springy brooklets. Gilmer : along
Tanner's Fork. Randolph : on Point Mountain, alt. 3,050
ft. Jackson : near Sandyville. Gilmer : near Glenville
{Mapcl). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. {Nuttall).
Summers: near Hinton. Preston: near Aurora {Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).
M. arvensis glabrata (Benth.) Fernald.

Moist places. Randolph: along Gandy Creek {Greenmaii
469).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 347

M. SATivA L. Whorled Mint.

Monroe: banks of Greenbrier River (Nuttall).
M. Canadensis L. Wild Mint.

Wet places. Randolph : along the road up Point Moun-
tain, alt. 2,325 ft. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, rare (Nutt-
all). Tucker : near Hendricks (Grcenman 24^,). Summers:
near Hinton.

COLLINSONIA L.

C. Canadensis L. Rich-weed. Stone-root.

Rich, damp woods. Randolph : along Staunton pike up
Riffles Creek, alt. 2,7(X) ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette : near Nuttallburg, some plants with elliptical leaves^
acute at both ends 3^ in. wide by 10 inches long {Nuttall).
Monongalia : near Camp Eden. McDowell : near Elkhorn.
Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Tucker: rich
woods near Parsons {Greemnan 319, 322).

PERILLA Ard.

P. frutescens (L.) Britton.

Established in waste grounds, Jefferson : at Harpers Ferry
{Greene).
P. frutescens Nankinensis (Lour) Britton.

Escaped and established in waste places. Monongalia:
near Morgantown (Millspaugh). Monroe: at Sweet Springs
(Steele).
P. OCYMOIDES L. var. crispa Bth.

Waste ground. Monongalia : near Morgantown.

SOLANACEAE.

SOLANUM L.

S. Dulcamara L. Bitter-sweet.

Damp places. Frequent throughout the State, but not so
much so as the next.
S. NIGRUM L. Common Nightshade.

Fields, roadsides, and cultivated grounds. . Common
throughout the State.
S. Carolinense L. Horse Nettle. "Radical Weed."

Becoming a detestable weed in fields and forests. Cal-
houn : along Leading Creek. Wood : near Kanawha Station.
Wirt : near Elizabeth. Randolph : near Cricard P. O. Web-
ster : on Buffalo Bull Mountains. Nicholas : near Beaver
Mills. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near

348 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Monongalia: near Ice's Ferry.
Cabell : near Barboursville. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs. Monroe : near Alderson. Summers : near Hinton.
Kanawha : near Charleston. Mason : near Point Pleasant.
Jefferson : near Flowing Springs, and Shepherdstown. Mer-
cer : near Ingleside.

Reported as a troublesome weed from : Harrison : neat
Clarksburg, Wilsonburg, Good Hope, Mt. Clair, and Wal-
lace. Ohio : near Elm Grove and West Liberty. Wood :
near Waverly, Belleville, Deer Walk and Kanawha Station
Hardy : near Moorefield and Wardensville. Grant : near
Medley and Petersburg. Jefferson : near Moore's and Kable-
town. Summers : near Forest Hill and Talcott. Wetzel :
near Endicott, Pine Grove, New Martinsville and Blake.
Mineral : near Patterson's Depot, and Blaine. Wirt : near
Burning Springs, Morris, Evelyn, and Reedy Ripple. Jack-
son : near Grass Lick, and Odaville. Cabell : near Union
Ridge, and Barboursville, Taylor : near Knottsville. Wayne :
near Stone Coal, and Adkin's Mills. Doddridge : near Smith-
ton, and Center Point. Marshall : near Knoxville, and Wel-
come. Braxton : near Bulltown, and Tate Creek. Berkeley :
near Hedgesville. Mercer : near Bramwell, and New Hope.
Roane : near Looneyville, Clio, Reedy, and Pencil. Poca-
hontas : near Lobelia. Kanawha : near Blandon. Greenbrier :
near Trout Creek. McDowell : near Squire Jim. Mason ;
near Maggie. Brooke : near Wellsburg. Marion : near
Mannington. Taylor : near Grafton. Upshur : near Kana-
wha, Head, Overhill, and Hemlock. Hampshire : near
Higginsville and Springfield. Tyler : near Long Reach.
Webster : near Welch Glade. Clay : near Valley Fork,
Randolph: railroad tracks at Elkins (Greenvian 268). This
species and Vcrbesina occidentalis were the commonest
weeds throughout the southeastern counties {Morris).
S. ROSTRATUM Dunal.

Waste places. Wayne: near Bo wen (Rtimsey).
S. TUBEROSUM Linn.

Established at the edge of a wood, Randolph : near Pick-
ens (H. H. Smith 1442).

PHYSALIS L.

P. Philadelphica Lam.

Rich opens. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (A/'m/^o//).

P. angulata L. Ground Cherry.

Open rich grounds. Grant : near Bayard. Gilmer : near
Glenville (Mapel). Wood: near Kanawha Station.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 349

P. PUBESCENS L.

Low grounds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Ohio: near Wheeling {Mert:; & Guttenberg). Jefferson:
near Shepherdstown. Mason : near Point Pleasant.
P. ViRGINIANA Mill.

Light sandy soils. Monongalia : near Beechwoods
Jefferson : near Shepherdstown. Jackson : near Ripley.
Hardy: near Moorefield {Gamble).

P. VISCOSA L.

Low grounds. Ohio: near Wheeling {Mertz & Gutten-
berg). Hardy : near Moorefield (Gamble).

P. LANCEOLATA Michx.

Dry opens. Jackson: near Ripley. Wood: near Shark-
town.

P. liETEROPHYLLA NeCS.

Fayette : near Quinnimont on bottom lands of New River
(Pollard & Maxon 38). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

PHYSALODES Boehm. (1760).
(Nicandra, Adans, 1763).

P. Physalodes (L.) Britton. Apple-of-Peru.

Waste grounds. Lewis: near Weston. Mineral: near
Piedmont.

LYCOPERSICON Mill.

L. Lycopersicon (L.) Karst.

Established on the banks of Tygarts Valley River below
Huttonsville (Greenman 214).

LYCIUM L.

L. vulgare (Ait. f.) Dun. Matrimony Vine.

A frequent and persistent escape. Berkeley : near Martins-
burgh. Jefferson : near Shepherdstown. JNlason : banks of
the Ohio near Point Pleasant.

DATURA L.

D. Stramonium L. "Jimson-weed." Jamestown-weed. Stink-
weed.

Waste places. A common weed throughout the State.
D. TATULA L. Purple Thorn-apple.

With the last. Common throuohout the State.

350 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

PETUNIA Juss.

p. viOLACEA Lindl.

Escaped to waste grounds. Monongalia : near Morgan-
town, common, where it persists annually. Mason : near
Point Pleasant. Jefferson : near Shepherdstown.

SCROPHULARIACEAE.

VERBASCUM L.

V. Thapsus L. Mullein.

Old fields and pastures. Common throughout the State.
V. Blattaria L. Moth Mullein.

Fields and waste places. Wirt : along the Little Kanawha
River. Gilmer : near Glenville (Ma pel). Webster : on Tater
Knob; and Randolph: near Pickens (//. H. Smith 1505,
1547). Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Niittall). Monongalia
and Marion, common. Grant : near Bayard. Jefferson :
near Charlestown. Berkeley : near North Mountain. Pres-
ton : near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
V. Lychnitis L. Yellow Moth-mullein.

Fields and wastes. Kanawha : roadside, up 8 Mile Creek
Mineral : opposite Cumberland, Md.

LINARIA Hill.

L. LiNARiA (L.) Karst. Toad Flax. "Devil's Flax." "Wild
Flax." "Indian Hemp." "Impudent Lawyer."

Fields, roadsides and waste places. Monongalia : neat
Stewartown. Jefferson : near Charlestown and Shenandoah
Junction. Jackson : near Sandyville. Berkeley : near North
Mountain. Mineral : near Piedmont and Keyser. Hardy :
near Moorefield {Gamble). This species first appeared near
near Nuttallburg in Fayette Co., this year — 1895 {Nuttall).

Also reported as a weed from : Harrison : near Good
Hope. Ohio : near West Liberty. Wood : near Jerry's Run,
Fountain Spring, Blennerhassett, and Rockport. Jefferson :
near Molers. Wetzel : near Endicott. Mineral : near Pied-
mont. Wirt : near Burning Spring, Morris and Reedy Rip-
ple. Jackson: near Lone Cedar, Garfield, and Belgrove.
Cabell : near Union Ridge. Taylor : near Thornton and
Meadland. Wayne : near Stone Coal. Marshall : near St.
Joseph. Berkeley : near Martinsburg. Greenbrier : near
White Sulphur Springs. Mason : near Grimm's Landing
and Maggie. Upshur : near Kanawha Head and Overhill.
Tyler: near Long Reach. Webster: near Welch Glade.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 35I

Preston : near Tunnelton and Terra Alta. Hancock : near
New Cumberland and Fairview. Ritchie : near Ritchie C.
H. Monroe : near Pickaway. Morgan : near Rock Gap.
Tucker : near Texas. Raleigh : near Raleigh C. H.

CYMBALARIA Medic. '

C. Cymbalaria (L.) Wettst.

Thoroughly established in Harpers Ferry, Jefferson
County, and the neighborhood; where it hangs in heavy
masses from wall crevices (Greene).

■ SCROPHULARIA L.

S. Marilandica L. Figwort. ^

Fields and waste places. Monongalia : near Morgantown.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutfall). Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Kanawha: near Charleston (Mills-
paiigh). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
S. LEPORELLA BickncU.

Woods and roadsides. Monongalia : quite a patch of this
species near Morgantown (Sheldon 4458).

COLLINSIA Nutt.

C. VERNA Nutt.

Moist soil. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel, Brozcn).
Ohio: on Wheeling Hill (Merts & Guttcnberg). Monon-
galia : near Cassville.

CHELONE L.

C. GLABRA L. Snake Head.

Wet places. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, uncommon (N.nttall). Wirt: near Burn-
ing Spring. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
C. OBLIOUA L.

Wet places. Randolph : along Cheat River near Cheai
Bridge. Monongalia : near Camp Eden.

PENTSTEMON Soland.

P. HiRSUTUS (L.) Willd. Beard-tongue. (P. puhescens So\.) .
Dry or rocky places. Kanawha : near Charleston (Barnes).
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Cabell: near Barbours-
ville (James). Hardy : near Moorefield (Gamble). Hamp-
shire : near Doe's Gully.

352 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. CANESCENS Britton.

Slopes of Kate's Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft., near White Sul-
phur Springs, Greenbrier Co. {Small; Egglcston 4353).
P. Digitalis (Sweet) Nutt.

Rich soil. Monongalia : along the Monongahela River,
frequent. Wood : near Kanawha Station. Fayette : near
Kanawha Falls (James). Hardy: near Moorefield. Hamp-
shire : near Doe's Gully. Rich soil. Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg, in open woods (Nuttall).

MIMULUS L.

M. RiNGENS L. Monkey Flower.

Wet places. Upshur : along Stone Coal Creek. Fayette :
near Kanawha Falls (James) ; near Nuttahburg (Nuttall).
liandolph : along Tygarts Valley River. Frequent through-
out the State.
M. ALATUS Soland. Winged Monkey Flower.

Wet places. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs
Putnam : near Buffalo.

GRATIOLA L.

G. ViRGiNiANA L. Gratiola.

Ditches. Common throughout the State.

G. SPHAEROCARPA Ell.

Damp places. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, on mossy banki,
in bed of creek (Nuttall).

ILYSANTHES Raf.

I. DUBiA (L.) Barnhart. False Pimpernel. (/. gratioloides Bth.).
Wet places. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James).
Along Little Kanawha River (Merts & Guttcnberg) . Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Kanawha: at the
Salinas (Holton).

VERONICA L.

V. Anagallis aquatica L. Water Speedwell.

Banks and ditches. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James).
V. Americana Schw. American Brooklime. "Wallink."

Brooks and ditches. Monongalia : the Flats near Morgan-
town. Randolph: on Point Mountain, alt. 3,050 ft. (where
it is called "Wallink," and is used internally to bring out
rashes) (Millspaugh) ; in Blister Swamp (Greenman 277).
Webster : near Addison, alt. 2,000 ft. Mercer : near Beaver
Springs.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 353

V. OFFICINALIS L. Speedwell. "Gypsy Weed."

Rich, deep woods and opens. Randolph : on Rich Moun-
tains. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mjj.pcl). Kanawha: near
Charleston (James). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Tucker: dry mountain road near Parsons (Greenman 239).
Monongalia : along Decker's Creek. Greenbrier : near
White Sulphur Springs ; and frequent throughout the State.
Mercer : near Beaver Spr., and Bluefield.

V. SERPYLLiFOLiA L. Thyme-leaved Speedwell.

Roadsides, fields and lawns. Monongalia : near Morgan-
town. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapcl). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz &
Giittcnhcrg). Mercer: near Bluefield.

V. PEREGRiNA L. Ncck Weed. Purslane Speedwell.

Waste places. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Ohio: Thomas Hill, near
Wheeling (Merts & Guttenberg).

V. ARVENSis L. Corn Speedwell.

Cultivated grounds. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Ohio: Thomas Hill, near Wheeling (Merts & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

LEPTANDRA Nutt.

L. ViRGiNiCA (L.) Nutt. Culver's Physic. (Veroniea'L.)-

Rich woods and borders. Webster : Long Glade. Jack-
son: near Sandyville. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

DASYSTOMA Raf.

D. Pedicularia (L.) Bth. (Gerardia'L.).

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall).
D. Virginica (L.) Britton. Oak-leaved Gerardia. (G. querci-
folia Pursh.)

Open woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
D. FLAVA (L.) Wood. False Foxglove. (Gerardia L.).

Open woods. Wood : near Leachtown. Fayette : near
Kanawha Falls and Hawk's Nest (James) ; near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble).
D. LAEVIGATA Raf. (Gerardia Raf.).

Oak woods. 'Fayette : near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft.
(Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

354 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

DIGITALIS Linn.

D. PURPUREA Linn. Foxglove.

Thoroughly established in open woods, near Pickens, Ran-
dolph County {H. H. Smith 1236).

GERARDIA L.

G. TENUiFOLiA Vahl. Slender Gerardia.

Dry soil. Mineral: near Keyser {Workman^. Fayette:
Kiear Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall). Randolph: neat
Elkins.

G. AURICULATA Michx.

Fields. Monongalia : near Little Falls, with pure white
flowers.
G. PAUPERCULA (Gray) Britton.

Damp situations. Fayette: near Hawk's Nest (Holton).

BUCHNERA L.

B. Americana L. Blue Hearts.

Moist, sandy ground. Putnam : near Buffalo.

CASTILLEJA Mutis.

C. cocciNEA (L.) Spreng. Painted Cup.

Sandy soils. Monongalia : along the Monongahela at
Uffington, and below Morgantown. Randolph : near Valley
Head. Preston : near Terra Alta. Hampshire : near Rom-
ney.

PEDICULARIS L.

P. Canadensis L. Louse-wort.

Copses, woods and banks. Preston : near Terra Alta.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs,
Summers : near Hinton. McDowell : near Elkhorn. Upshur :
near Buckhannon (Pollock).

MELAMPYRUM L.

M. lineare Lam. Cow-wheat. (M. Ainericanum Michx.)

Rich, open woods. Preston : near Terra Alta.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 355

LENTIBULARIACEAE.
UTRICULARIA Linn.

U. CORNUTA Michx. Bladderwort.

Bogs and borders of ponds. Pocahontas : Big Glade
(Sheldon) ; Cranberry Glades (E. A. Brooks).
U. BiFLORA Lam.

Hardy: in a small bog near Moorefield (A. B. Brooks).

OROBANCHACEAE.

LEPTAMNIUM Raf. (1818).
(Epifagns Nutt. 1818.)

L. ViRGiNiANUM (L.) Raf. Beech-drops. Cancer-root.

Parasitic upon the roots of the beech. Wirt : near Eliza-
beth. Gilmer : near Glenvilie (Mapel). Fayette : near iV^^f/-
allburg {Nuttall). Monongalia: near Morgantown. Ran-
dolph: near Pickens {H. H. Smith). Preston: near Aurora
{Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Tucker: moist woods near Parsons
(Greenman 261).

CONOPHOLIS Wallr.

C. Americana (L. f.) Wallr. Cancer Root.

Oak woods. Among fallen leaves. Ohio : near Wheeling
(Mertz 1838). Monongalia : along Decker's Creek and near
Little Falls. Gilmer: near Glenvilie (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). McDowell: near Elkhorn.
Mercer: near Bluefield. Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston
5569)-

THALESIA Raf. 1818).
(Aphyllon A. Gray 1848.)

T. UNiFLORA (L.) Britton. One-flowered Cancer-root.

Damp woodlands and opens. Monongalia : near Morgan ■
tovv'n. Wirt: near Elizabeth. Gilmer: near Glenvilie
(Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

B I G N O N I A C E AE.

TECOMA Juss.

T. RADiCANS (L.) DC. Trumpet-Creeper.

Moist soil. Monongalia : near Little Falls. Marion : near

356 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Fairmont. Fayette : near Nuttallburg- (Nuttall). Webster:
Hacker Valley (H. H. SinitJi 1647). Summers: near Hin-
ton. Mason : near Point Pleasant ; and frequent throughou!
the State.

BIGNONIA L.

B. CRUCiGERA Linn. (B. capreolata Linn.)

Kanawha Co., rich soil between Cannelton and Browns-
town, where it grows luxuriantly along the banks of the
Great Kanawha River. Its evergreen foliage makes it a
conspicuous feature of the winter landscape (Botitlou).
Randolph : near Pickens.

CATALPA Scop.

C. Catalpa (L.) Karst. Indian Bean Tree. "Catawba."

(C bignonioidcs Walt.).

River banks. Marion : near Catawba^ a place named after
this tree, which would render it apparent that the tree was
native here, which I hold to be true. Wood : near Leach-
town. Gilmer : near DeKalb and along Leading Creek.
Monongalia : near Ice's Ferry and Stewartown. Wirt : near
Elizabeth. L^pshur : along Big Sandy Run, alt. 1,827 ^^•
Mason: near Point Pleasant. Webster: near Pugh (H. H.
Smith 1660).

C. SPECIOSA Warder.

Mason Co., banks of the Ohio River, near Point Pleasant.

ACANTHACEAE.

RUELLIA L.

R. ciLiosA Pursh.

Margins of woods. Wood : near Leachtown. Wirt : near
Elizabeth. Calhoun : near Grantsville. Gilmer : near DeKalb.
Lewis : along Stone Coal Creek. Upshur : near Laurentz.
Nicholas : along the Gauley River. Kanawha : near Can-
nelton.

DIANTHERA L.

D. Americana L. Water Willow.

In streams. Ohio : near Wheeling (Michaux). Common
throughout the State.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 357

PHRYMACEAE.

PHRYMA L.

P. Leptostachya L. Lop-seed.

Rich open woods. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur
.Springs. Fayette : near Kanawha Falls {James) ; near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall). Kanawha: near Charleston. Mason:
near Point Pleasant. Webster: at Pugh (H. H. Smith
1653). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele); and
frequent throughout the State.

PLANTAGINACEAE.

PLANTAGO L.

P. MAJOR L. Plantain.

Waste ground. Ohio: near Wheeling {Mertz & Gutten-
berg). Fayette : Nuttallburg (A'"«^fa//). Monongalia : Mor-
gantown.

P. RuGELii Decne. Common Plantain.

Common throughout the State, near dwellings.
P. LANCEOLATA L. "Pmck Plantain." "Ripple." "Buck-horn
Plantain."

Becoming a common weed throughout the State; very
little as yet however in Jefferson, Berkeley and Morgan
counties. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Mercer: near Princeton.
P. ViRGiNiCA L. White Plantain.

Sandy soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Mon-
ongalia : near Morgantown ; and frequent throughout the
State. Hardy : near Moorefield.

P. ARISTATA Michx.

Dry meadows near Bargers Spring, Summers County, alt.
1,500 ft., July 13, 1900 {Morris 983). Marion: near Farm-
ington {Boutlou). Monongalia: found, in 1912, near Mor-
gantown {Sheldon 4459). \Mrt : near Newark {Hoff).

RUB I ACE AE.

HOUSTONIA L.

H. COERULEA L. Bluets. Innocents.

Moist fields. Monongalia : Marion : Preston : Wood ;
Wirt : Calhoun : Lewis : and Upshur. Gilmer : near Glen-
ville {Brozun; Mapel). Kanawha {James). Mineral: Jef-

358 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

f erson : Berkeley : and Morgan. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Hardy : near Moorefield (Gamble).
Forma albielora jNIillsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 375.

Grassy places, Permian formations. Monongalia : near
Cassville.
H. serpyllifolia Michx.

Rocky places. Tucker : rocks below the falls of Black-
water. Monongalia : on rocks in Tibb's Run. Fayette •
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
H. purpurea L.

Wooded opens. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall); Kanawha Falls (James).
Hampshire : near Romney. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur
Springs. Summers : near Hinton. Monongalia : near Ice's
Ferry (Mills paugh). Randolph: near Cheat Bridge (Shel-
don 2634).
Var. CALYCOSA Gray.

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
H. ciLioLATA Torr.

Monongalia : near Morgantown. Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
H. LONGiFOLiA Gaertn.

Dry soils, the most common form of the species. Wood :
near Lockhart's Run. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Cal-
houn : near Grantsville. Gilmer : near DeKalb. Lewis : up
Stone Coal Creek. Upshur : near Buckhannon. Randolph :
near Cricard P. O. Cabell: near Barboursville (James).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mercer: near Blue-
field. Jefiferson : at Harpers Ferry (Greene).

H. TENUIFOLIA Nutt.

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Millspaugh).

CEPHALANTHUS L.

C. occiDENTALis L. Buttou-bush.

Along streams. Monongalia : along the Monongahela and
Cheat Rivers. Preston : general in the glades and along
streams. Grant : near Bayard. Randolph : along Tygart's
Valley River ; near Cheat Bridge. Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg (Nttttall); near Kanawha Falls (James). Monroe:
near Alderson. Summers : near Rifife and Hinton. Bar-
bour: near Tygart Junction (Grecnman 226).

MITCHELLA L.

M. REPENS L. Partridge-berry.

Rich woods, under evergreens. Upshur : Sand Creek.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 359

Grant : near Bayard. Tucker : along Blackwater. Mineral :
Knobby Mts. (Workman). Randolph: along Cheat River.
Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
{Nuttall). Kanawha: near Coalburg {James).

DIODIA L.

D. TERES Walt. Button-weed.

Sandy river banks. Ohio : along Bogg's Run, near
Wheeling (Merts & Giittcnberg). Preston: banks of Cheat
River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).

SHERARDIA Linn.

S. ARVENSis Linn.

A single plant found, in 1908, on the lawn of the Experi-
ment Station at Morgantown (Sheldon 3251).

GALIUM L.

G. Aparine L. Goose-grass. Cleavers.

Shaded places. Frequent throughout the State.
G. PiLosuM Ait.

Dry copses. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall); near
Kanawha Falls (James). Kanawha: near Coalburg (James).
Monongalia : near Little Falls and Ufifington ; near Camp
Eden. Pocahontas : rocky hillsides near Travelers Repose
(Greenman 310).
G. Claytoni Michx.

Swampy places. Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith
1404); near Read, and Pocahontas: near Durbin (Green-
man 307, 289).
G. ciRCAEZANS Michx. Wild Liquorice.

Rich woods. Wood : near Lockhart's Run. Monongalia :
Rich woods near Morgantown ; Ice's Ferry and Camp Eden.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Upshur: near Buck-
hannon (Pollock).
G. LANCEOLATUM Torr.

Dry woods. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Ohio : near
Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenherg). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall).
G. TRiFLORUM Michx. Swect-sccnted Bedstraw.

Rich woodlands. Lewis : along Leading Creek. Upshur :
near Lorentz. Webster : along Buffalo Bull range. Monon-
galia : near Morgantown. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Preston: ncsLV Anrorsi (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Tucker:
rich woods near Parsons (Greenman 315).

360 THE WEST N'IRGINIA FLORA

G. LATiFOLiuM Michx.

Fayette: near Nuttallhiiro-, uncommon (Nuttall). Pres-
ton: near Rowlesburg {Mertz & Giittcnherg). Pocahontas:
near Durbin {Grceninan 312). Webster: in Long Glade
(Millspaugh). Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1552).
G. TRiFiDUM L. Small Bedstraw.

Low, wet grounds. Monongalia, Lewis, Upshur, Gilmer,
Calhoun, Wirt, Wood, and Webster : Long Glade. Fayette
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aux-ora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).
G. CONCINNUM Torr. & Gray.

Low, wet grounds. Wood : near Kanawha Station. Wirt :
near Elizabeth. Lewis : along Leading Creek. Randolph :
near Valley Bend.
G. ASPRELLUM Michx. Rougli Bedstraw.

Alluvial bottoms. Monongalia : along the Monongahela
River. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Merts &
Guttenberg). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele)
Randolph: along Gandy Creek (Greeninan 308).

CAPRTFOLIACEAE.

SAMBUCUS L.

S. Canadensis L. Common Elder.

Rich soils; common in bottoms and along fences through-
out the State ; even in the pine and spruce forests of the
higher mountains ; alt. on Point Mountain 3,050 ft.
S. PUBENS Michx. Red-berried Elder. (S. racemosus L.).

Deep, rich mountain woods, near rivulets. Abundant in
Randolph, Grant and Tucker Counties. Fayette : near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall).
Forma albicocca Britton.

With the species rare. Randolph : on Point Mountain.
Grant : near Bayard.

VIBURNUM L.

V. ALNiFOLiuM Marsh. Michx. Hobble-bush. (V. lantanoides
Michx.).

Cold, rich ravines. Randolph : near the summit of Point
Mountain (Millspaugh) ; near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1537)-
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Grant: near
Bayard. Tucker : along the Blackwater.
V. ACERi FOLIUM L. Arrow Wood. Dockmackie.

Cool, rocky woods. Throughout the mountains of the
eastern counties. Randolph: near Glady (Greenman 286).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 361

Preston and Monongalia : along Cheat River. Gilmer : near
Glenville (Mapcl). Mineral: near Keyser (Workman).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutfall). Grant: near Bayard.
V. DENTATUM L. Arrow-wood.

Wet places or damp thickets. Upshur : near the Summit
on Staunton Pike. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare {Nuttall).
V. NUDUM L.

Rich woods. Randolph : at Ford's, near the Middle Fork
River. Webster : Upper Glade.
V. Lentago L. Sweet Viburnum. Sheep-berry.

Rich banks of streams. Randolph : on Point j\'Iountain,
alt. 3,660 ft. Upshur: near Buckhannon {Pollock).
V. Opulus Americanum (Mill.) Ait.

In woodlands and along streams. Tucker : Canaan Val-
ley (Brooks).
V. CASSINOIDES L.

In wet soil. Webster : along the Gauley River. Pendle-
ton : along Big Run. Monongalia : along Deckers Creek
(Brooks); near Tibbs Run (Sheldon 623). Preston: near
Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele) ; near Cranesville and Mason-
town (Sheldon 1457, 4111)- Upshur: near Buckhannon
, (Pollock).
V. PRUNiFOLiUM L. Black Haw. Nanny-berry.

Copses and edges of woods. Wirt : near Burning Springs.
Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapcl, Broivn). Monongalia: near Morgantown
(Grose). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock). Summers: near Hinton.

TRIOSTEUM L.

T. PERFOLiATUM L. Tinker's Weed. Wild Coffee.

Rich borders, infrequent. Randolph : Cheat Mountains,
alt. 4,600 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Pocahontas:
roadside near Travelers Repose (Greenman 152). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Niittall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gam-
ble). Mercer: near Princeton.

LINNAEA Linn.

L. Americana Forbes.

In cold woods. Randolph : at Big Sinks, in a sphagnum
bog near Osceola, alt. 4,000 ft. (A. B. Brooks).

362 ' THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SYMPHORICARPOS Juss.

S. Symphoricarpos (L.) MacM. (S. orhicnlata Moench.).

Dry places. Nicholas : near Peter Creek. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall).

LONICERA L.

L. DioiCA L. Smooth Honeysuckle. (L. glauca Hill.)

Rocky soils. Monongalia : near Morgantown.
L. Japonica Thunb.

Escaped from cultivation. Mason : banks of the Ohio
near Point Pleasant. Jefferson : near ShepherdsTown. Tay-
lor : near Grafton.
L. Canadensis Marsh.

In moist woods. Pendleton: on Spruce Knob (Brooks).
L. sempervirens Linn,

Monongalia: near ]\lorgantown in a pasture east of
Dorsey School House, probably an established escape (Shel-
don 3589).

DIER VILLA Moench,

D, Diervilla (L.) MacM. Bush Honeysuckle, (D. triMa
Adoench.)

Thickets. Monongalia : near Morgantown, along Decker?
Creek. Pendleton: on Spruce Mountain (Brooks).

VALERIANACEAE.

VALERIANA L,

V, PAUciFLORA Michx, Valerian.

Fields and open woods. Ohio: near Moundsville (Mertz
& Guttenherg) ; Bethany (Richardson). Hancock: near
Fairview (Hill).

VALERIANELLA Poll.

V, chenopodifolia (Pursh) DC?

Monongalia : in woods along Deckers Creek near Marilla
(Sheldon 357). The specimen is too young for positive set-
tlement of the species.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 363

DIPSACACEAE.

DIPSACUS L.

D. SYLVESTRis Htids. Tcasel. "Water Thistle." Huttonweed."
Roadsides and waste places. Wirt : near Burning Springs
and Elizabeth. Marion : near Worthington ; near Fairmont
and Houghton in great quantity. Webster : Buffalo Bull
Mountains, alt. 2,100 ft. Fayette: near Crescent; near Nutt-
allburg (Nnttall). Kanawha: along the Kanawha and
Pocataligo Rivers. Jackson : along Allen's Fork. Gilmer :
near Glenville (Mafel). Jefferson: near Flowing Spring
and Shenandoah Jc. Randolph : Cheat Mountains near Cheat
Bridge, alt. 2,700 ft. ; near Huttonsville. Greenbrier : near
White Sulphur Springs, near Fort Spring. Monroe : near
Alderson. Summers : near Hinton. Monongalia : along
Deckers Creek. Harrison : near Lumberport. Mineral :
opposite Cumberland. Berkeley : near Martinsburg. Hardy :
near Moorefield. Mercer : near Ingleside, and Ada.

CUCURBTTACEAE.

CUCURBITA L.

C. oviFERA L. Gourd.

Escaped to waste grounds. Monongalia : about Morgan-
town. Jefferson : near Shepherdstown.

CITRULLUS L.

C. CITRULLUS (L.) Karst. Watermelon. (C. vulgaris Schrad.).
Escaped to waste grounds. Mason : banks of the Ohio
near Point Pleasant.

CUCUMIS L.

C. Melo L. Musk Melon.

Escaped to waste grounds. Mason : banks of the Ohio
near Point Pleasant. Monongalia : waste grounds, near Mor-
gantown.

MICRAMPELIS Raf.

M. LOBATA (Michx.) Greene. {M. echinata Raf.).

Escaped from gardens, where it is frequently grown as a
vine for fences and rock work ornamentation.

364 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SICYOS L.

S. ANGULATUS L. Star Cucumber.

Damp places. Monongalia : along- Deckers Creek ; near
Easton. Fayette: near Nuttallburg .{Nuttall). Preston:
near Aurora {Mr. &■ Mrs. Steele).

CAA/[PANULACEAE.

CAMPANULA L.

C. ROTUNDiFOLiA L. Harebell.

Moist rocks. Mineral : along the Potomac, near Keyser
{Workman). Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Tucker:
along the Blackwater.

C. APARiNOiDES Pursh. Marsh Bellflower.

Wet meadows. Preston : near Terra Alta.

C. Americana L. Tall Bellflower.

Rich woods, or even on dry rocks. Monongalia : near Ice's
Ferry. Wood, Wirt and Calhoun counties, general. Gilmer :
near Glenville {Mapel, Brozvn). Lewis, and Upshur. Ran-
dolph : near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,650 ft., with wands 4-6 ft.
high. Webster : in the glade region. Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg {Nuttall) ; along Loup Creek {James). Kanawha and
Jackson : general. Gre'enbrier : near White Sulphur Springs.
Summers : near Hinton. Marion : near Worthington, and
near Fairmont. Preston : near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs.. Steele).

C. divaricata Michx.

Dry banks. Summers : near Talcott. Greenbrier : near
White Sulphur Springs. "Millspaugh & Nuttall mention 'the
rare Campanula divaricata Mx.' If the southern counties are
to be taken into consideration in rating the occurrence of
species in the State, then this species can not be accounted
'rare' for the more rocky hillsides throughout are heavily
blue-dotted in the Summer with its delicate panicles."
{Morris).

LOBELIA L.

L. cardinalis L. Cardinal Flower.

Low grounds, and low banks of streams, Nicholas :
Collett's Glade. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel, Brozvn).
Randolph : near Cricard P. O. Greenbrier : near White Sul-
phur Springs. Summers : near Talcott, and Hinton. Kana-
wha : near Kanawha City. Mason : near Brighton. Frequent
throughout the State. Hardy: near Moorefield {Gamble).
Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 365

L. SYPHILITICA L. Great Blue Lobelia.

Low, wet grounds. Randolph : near Elkins, and along the
valley of Tygart's. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Fay-
ette : near Nuttallburg. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur
Springs. Monongalia : near Morgantown. Summers : near
Hinton. Jefferson : near Shepherdstown. Hardy : near
Moorefield {Gamble). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs.
Steele),
forma albiflora Britton.

With the species. Randolph : near Huttonsville, frequent.
L. PUBERULA Michx.

Low grounds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nnttall)
Monongalia: near Morgantown {M ills pan gh) ; near Burnt
House {Sheldon 4250).
L. AMOENA Michx. var. glandulifera Gray.

Swampy spots. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, ^It. 2,000 ft.,
rare. {Nuttall).

L. LEPTOSTACHYS A. DC.

Sandy soil. Wood : near Leachtown. Summers : near
Hinton.
L. spicATA Lam.

Sandy hillsides. Monongalia : near Ice's Ferry, and above
Camp Eden. Upshur: near Buckhannon {Mills paugh, Pol-
lock).
Var. PARViFLORA Gray.

Wet places. Gilmer : near Glenville {Mapel).
L. INFLATA L. Indian Tobacco. Lobelia.

Dry soils. Common throughout the State.
Var. SIMPLEX (Raf.) Millsp. Preh Cat. Fl. W. Va., 398.

Dry places. Randolph : near Cricard P. O. Characters of
the species, but simple stemmed.

Having noted that this form perpetuated itself at one
station in New York State, near Binghamton, for five years,
I have decided that it is a true variety. Approaching the
question from another point of view : I worked qver a field
near Morgantown this season, examining 783 small plants of
L. inflata, many of which were not over four inches high,
without finding a single simple-stemmed plant among them
At the station above named, as well as that in New York,
there was a goodly amount of the variety, with none of the
species in the immediate neighborhood.

SPECULARIA Heist.

S. PERFOLiATA (L.) A. DC. Vcnus' Looking-glass.

Drv soils. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Upshur:
near Buckhannon. Gilmer: near Glenville {Mapel). Fay-

366 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ette : near Nuttallburg- {Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield
{Gamble). Randolph: near Pickens (//. H. Smith 1363).

CICHORIACEAE.
{Compositae.)

ADOPOGON Neck. (1790).
{Krigia, Schreb. 1791.)

A. Dandelion (L.) Kuntze. Dwarf Dandelion.

Kanawha: near Charleston ( ?) (James).
A. ViRGiNicuM (L.) Kuntze. (A. amplexicaulis Kuntze.)

Moist woods and opens. Monongalia : near Morgantown.
Wood: near Lockhart's Run, becoming a bad weed (Hop-
kins) .

HYPOCHAERIS Linn.

H. RADicATA Linn.

Established at Morgantown, Monongalia County (SJiel-
don).

CICHORIUM L.

C. Intybus L. Chicory.

Fields. Jefferson : two stations near Shepherdstown.
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Mertz & Gutten-
berg).

TRAGOPOGON L.

T. PORRiFOLius L. Salsify. Oyster-plant.

Waste grounds. Morgan : near No. 12 Water Tank,

CHONDRILLA L.

C. JUNCEA L. "Naked-weed." "Skeleton-weed."

Fields and roadsides. Hampshire : near Bloomery, where
the name Naked-weed has been given it on account of the
minuteness of the leaves. Jefferson : near Summit^ where
it is called Skeleton-weed, for the same reason ; near Charles-
town. Berkeley: near Martinsburg (Mills paugh) ; near
Bunkerhill (Sheldon 1983).

TARAXACUM Haller.

T. Taraxacum (L.) Karst. Dandelion. (T. officinale Web.).
All situations. Frequent throughout the State.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 367

T. ERYTHROSPERMUM Andrz.

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston
4335). MonongaHa : common about Morgantown ; and vari-
ous places in Preston County (Sheldon).

SONCHUS L.

S. OLERACEUS L. Sow-thistle.

Waste grounds. Ohio: near Wheeling {Merts & Gutten-
berg).

S. ASPER (L.) All. Spiny leaved Sow-thistle.

Roadsides and wastes. Monongalia : near Morgantown.
Marion : near Fairmont. Hampshire : near Slanesville. Wet-
zel : near Littleton. Lewis : near Vadis. Cabell : near Union
Ridge. Mercer : near Concord Church. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Doddridge: near Smithton. Ohio:
near Wheeling {Mcrtz 1632). Webster: at Tater Knob {H.
H. Smith 1524).

LACTUCA L.

L. ScARioLA L. Prickly Lettuce.

Fields. Monongalia : near Laurel Point, where it has

become a troublesome weed.

L. Canadensis L. Wild Lettuce. Horse-weed. "Devil-weed."

Meadows and fence-rows. Common throughout the State.

L. SAGiTTiFOLiA Ell. "Dcvil's Iron-wecd." (LI integrifolia Gr.

Man.)

Fields and roadsides. Monongalia : near Morgantown.
Mason : near Point Pleasant. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Webster: near Tater Knob (H. H. Smith 1525).
Jackson: near Douglas. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele) .
L. HiRSUTA Muhl.

Dry open mountain sides. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).
L. SPICATA (Lam.) Hitch (L. lencophaea A. Gray.)

Low woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Monroe: near Alderson. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mert.:
1630). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
L. VILLOSA Jacq. (Mulgcdium acuminatum DC.)

Borders. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (.Vwffa//^. Monroe:
near Alderson. Preston : near Terra Alta.
L. Floridana (L.) Gaertn.

Open banks and borders of woods. Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall).

368 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CREPIS Linn.

C. CAPiLLARis (L.) Wallr.

Established near -iMorgantown, Monongalia County, 1808
(Sheldon 3317).

HIERACIUM L.

H. Canadense Michx. Hawkweed.

Dry woods. Webster : near Upper Glade.

H. PANICULATUM L.

Moist grounds. Preston : near Cranberry Summit (Alerts
& Guttenbcrg) ; near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette :
near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
H. VENOSUM L. Rattlesnake-weed.

Openings, and edges of dry woods. Frequent throughout
the State.
H. scABRUM Michx.

Dry open woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Monongalia : along Decker's Creek. Preston : near Terra
Alta (Millspaugh) ; near Aurora (Mr. &• Mrs. Steele).
H. Alleghaniense Britton. Manual 2nd edit. 905. (1905).

Stem rough-hairy below, glabrous or nearly so above,
about 6.5dm. tall. Lower and middle stem-lea^'es oblanceo-
late, i-i.5dm. long, 3cm. wide or more, obtuse, cuspidate,
tapering into narrowly margined pubescent petioles, thin,
pale and pubescent along the midvein beneath, green above,
with a few very distant minute glandular teeth ; upper leaves
oblong to oblong-lanceolate, acute, narrowed to a sessile
base; inflorescense paniculate, its branches filiform, glandu-
lar ; heads rather numerous : involucre about 7nim. high, its
bracts linear-lanceolate, sparingly glandular, a little shorter
than the brown pappus : young achenes truncate.

Preston : in the Alleghany Mountains near Aurora, August
29, 1898 (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
H. Gronovii L.

Dry soils. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nutt-
all) . Upshur : summit on Staunton Pike.
H. LONGiPiLUM Torr.

Dry situations. Monongalia : Decker's Creek, near Mor-
gantown. Fayette : near Kanawha Falls, and Hawk's Nest
(James).

NABALUS Cass.

N. ALTissiMus (L.) Hook. (Prcnanthes L.)

Rich moist woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall)-
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 369

N. ALBUS (L.) Hook. (Prcnanthes L.)

Open woods. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
N. SERPENTARius (Pursh). Hook. Gall-of-the-Earth. (Prenan-
thes Pursh.)

Sandy woods. Randolph : near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,550 ft.
Summers : near Hinton. Marion : near Catawba. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

A M B R O S I A C E AE.

(Compositae.)

AMBROSIA L.

A. TRiFiDA L. Great Rag-weed.

Moist places. Common or abundant throughout the State.
Var. INTEGRIFOLIA (Mulil.) T. & G.

With the species, uncommon. Monongalia : near Morgan-
town. Wood : near Parkersburg. Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall). Berkeley: near Martinsburg.
A. ARTEMisiAEFOLiA L. Rag-wecd.

Fields and roadsides. Abundant throughout the State.

A. BIDENTATA AlicllX.

Meadows. Hardy : near Moorefield (^. 5. 5roo^^). This
extends the distribution of this species eastward from Illinois.

XANTHIUM L.

X. COMMUNE Britton.

Dry situations. Tucker : along the Blackwater River
near Hendricks (Greenman 537).
X. spiNOSUM L. Spiny Clotbur.

Waste lands along rivers. Kanawha : at Stockton's.
Mineral : near Piedmont. Jefferson : near Shepherdstown.
Wood : near Parkersburg. Berkeley : near Martinsburg.
Mineral: opposite Cumberland, Md. (Small).
X. GLABRATUM (DC) BrittoH. Clotbur. Cockle-bur. (X. Stru-
marium of Flora.)

Low waste grounds. Monongalia, Marion and Gilmer
counties. Wood : near Parkersburg. Lewis : near Weston.
Jefferson : near Shepherdstown.
X. Canadense Mill.

Low waste trrounds. Common throughout the State.

370 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CARDUACEAE.

(CoDipo'sitae.)

VERNONIA Schreb.

V. GiGANTEA (Walt.) Brittoii. Iron-weed. (V. altisshiia Nutt) .
Low grounds. A frequent weed throughout the northern,
central and western portions of the State. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

V. MAXIMA Small.

Moist river bottom. Monongalia :near Morgantown (Mills-
paugh 677).
V. MAXIMA PUBESC^NS Morris, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 15:25.
(1901).

In gross characters like the species. Reaching 10° or over,
more or less pubescent. Leaves thin, lanceolate, acuminate,
the upper finely, the lower sharply doubly serrate, 3'- 12' long,
5^ '-2^' wide, finely pubescent belozv, somewhat so above; in-
florenscence open, its branches rather erect, the peduncles
bracteate' for 2"-^" belozv the heads; the heads long-peduncled
or the centre ones nearly sessile; the bracts greenish purple,
acute to short-acuminate, ciliate, erect ; corollas light to dark
» pink, not purple ; otherwise as in the species.

Collected among plants of the species along Hound Creek,
below Bailey sville, Wyoming County, alt. 1,100-1,200 ft,
August 20, 1900 (Morris, 1274). Type specimen is deposit-
ed in the U. S. National Herbarium.

Through a misapprehension of the case the subspecies pub-
escens was referred (Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 13 :i79, October
1900) to Vernonia giganfea of the Atlantic seaboard, which
does not occur in the Alleghenies or westward. The species
so common throughout the latter range is V. maxima Smali
(Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 27:280. May, 1900). Hence the name
of the subspecies collected near Baileysville, West Virginia,
is Vernonia maxima pubescens. (Morris).
V. NovEBORACENSis (L.) Willd. Iron weed.

In meadows and pastures, common throughout the State
Var. LATiFOLiA Gray.

Meadows and fields. Mason : near Point Pleasant. Monon-
galia : near Morgantown. Fayette : near Nuttallburg {Nut-
tall).

ELEPHANTOPUS L.

E. Carolinianus Willd.

Dry banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY . 371

E. TOMENTOSUS L. "Tobacco Weed." "Devil's Grandmother."
Fields. Harrison : near Quiet Dell. Upshur : near
Lorentz.

EUPATORIUM L.

E. PURPUREUM L. Queen of the Meadow. "Quill-wort."

Low grounds. Common throughout the State. Cheat
Mountains in Randolph at an altitude of 3,600 feet. Numer-
ous specimens were measured which were over twelve feet
high (Morris).
E. MACULATUM Linn.

Dry Fork River near Harman, Randolph Co. (Green-
man 236).

E. MACULATUM AMOENUM (PuTSh) BrittOU.

Rich woods along runs. Grant : Buffalo Creek near Bay-
ard. Tucker : Beaver Creek near Davis.

E. HYSSOPIFOLIUM L.

Sterile soil. Jefiferson : near Shepherdstown.
E. PUBESCENS. Muhl.

Dry hillsides. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Jef-
ferson : near Shepherdstown. Monongalia : near Morgan-
town and Camp Eden. Preston : near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs.
Steele).
E. ALTissiMUM L. Tall Boneset.

River banks. Monongalia : near Little Falls and Beech-
woods.
E. TRiFOLiATUM Linn,

In moist soils, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs.
Steele).
E. SESSiLiFOLiuM L. Upland Boneset.

River banks. Monongalia : near Beechwoods. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg, plentiful (Nuttall).
E. PERFOLiATUM L, Boucsct. Thorough-wort.

Damp places. Common throughout the State.
E. AGERATOiDES L. White Snake-root.

Rich woods. Monongalia : along Decker's Creek and, else-
w^here plentiful. Randolph : Cheat Mountains near Cheat
Bridge. Marion : near Worthington. Fayette : rear Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs. Steele). Tucker: rich
woods near Parsons (Greenian 242).

E. AROMATICUM L.

Rich soil. Fayette : near Nuttallburg. Hardy : near
Morefield (Gamble).

372 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

E. coELESTiNUM L. Mist-flowcr.

Rich soils. Putnam. Jackson, Wood and Monongalia. A
common weed. Randolph : along Tygart's V^alley River.
Barbour: near Tygart Junction (Grcennian 26t,). Haruison
along the "A-Ionongah" R. R. Summers: near Hinton.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Niittall). Putnam: near Buf-
falo. Kanawha : near Charleston. Mason : near Point
Pleasant. Marion : near Montana and Worthington. Jef-
ferson : near Shepherdstown. Nicholas : near Richvv'ood
{H. H. Smith 1749).

KUHNIA Linn.

K. EUPATORioiDES L. False Boneset.

In dry soil. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Sprmgs
(Britton). Berkeley: near Martinsburg (Sheldon 266^)) .

LACINIARIA Hill (1762).
(Liatris, Schreb. 1791).

L. spicATA (L.) Kuntze.

Among rocks, banks of New River (Selby). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, heads 5-flowered (Nuttall).
L. scARiosA souARRULosA (Miclix.) Small.

Greenbrier Co. : White Sulphur Springs (Brozcn).

CHRYSOPSIS Nutt.

C. Mariana (L.) Nutt.

Dry, rocky roadside. Fayette : R. & K. turnpike near Nut-
tallburg (Nuttall).

SOLIUAGO L.

S. flexicaulis L. (S. latifolia L.)

Moist, shaded banks. Monongalia : banks of the Monon-
gahela and Cheat Rivers. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nut-
all). Webster: (H. H. Smith 1839). Open rich places.
Fayette : along the railroad track near Gauley Junction
(Eggleston 5543). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).
S. CAESIA L.

Rich woodlands. Frequent throughout the State.
S. CuRTisii Torr. & Gray.

Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common (Nutt-
all).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 373

S. BICOLOR L.

Dry fields and copses. Frequent throughout the State.
S. MONTicoLA Torr. & Gray.

Woods and opens. Fayette : near Nuttallburg-, alt. 2,000
ft. {Nuttall). Webster: {H. H. Smith 1816). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
S. PUBERULA Nutt.

Sunny opens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall).
S. ULIGINOSA Nutt.

Swampy places. Randolph : top of Allegheny Mountains
near Horton {Greenman 493).
S. SPECIOSA Nutt.

Cliffs and banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. ODORA Ait. Sweet Golden-rod.

Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Nicholas : near Rich-
wood (H. H. Smith 1746).
S. RUGOSA Mill.

Borders of fields and copses. Along Cheat River. Ran-
dolph, Tucker, Preston and Monongalia counties. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Shores of the Monongahela in
Barbour, Taylor and Marion counties. Preston : near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

S. ULMIFOLIA Muhl.

River banks. Ohio: Thomas Hill near Wheeling (Mcrts
& Gnttenberg). Brooke: (Mertz & Guttenberg). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. BooTTii Hook.

Dry open woods. Putnam : near Buffalo. Fayette : near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

S. ARGUTA Ait.

River banks. Ohio : banks of the Ohio River near
Wheeling (Mcrta & Guttenberg). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

S. NEGLECTA T. & G.

Swampy places. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
Fayette : near Ouinnimont (Pollard & Maxon 33, 34). Pres-
ton : near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
S. juNCEA Ait. "Yellow Top."

Fields and waste places. Common throughout the north-
ern, central and western counties. Fayette : near Nuttall-
burg {Nuttall) ; near Gauley Bridge and near Thurmond
(Eggleston 5524, 5558). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele). Berkeley: near ]\Iartinsburg. Mason: near
Point Pleasant. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
Var. scABRELLA (T. & G.) Gray,
With the species. Frequent.

374 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Var. RAMOSA Porter & Britton.

River banks. Monongalia : near Morgantown, below high
water mark along the Monongahela,
S. SEROTINA Ait.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monongalia: near
Morgantown (M ills pang h). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).
J^ar. GiGANTEA (Ait.) Gray.

Thickets. Gilmer : near Glenville (7l/a/'<7/). Preston : near
Rowlesburg.
S. RUPESTRIS Raf.

Rocky river banks. Fayette : along the Gaulcy at Gauley
Mountain; Kanawha Falls and Hawk's Nest {James).
S. Canadensis L.

Borders and waste fields. Common throughout the State.

S. NEMORALIS Ait.

Dry, sterile fields. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Common
throughout the northern counties.

EUTHAMIA Nutt.

E. GRAMiNiFOLiA (L.) Nutt. (SoUdago lanceolata L.)

River banks. Along Cheat River throughout its length

Along the Monongahela in Marion, Taylor and Monongalia

counties. Gilmer: along the Little Kanawha (Mapcl).

Mason : near Point Pleasant. Fayette : near Nuttallburg

(Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

E. Caroliniana (L.) Greene. (S.Jenuifolia Pursh.)

Sandy fields. Monongalia : near Morgantown.

SERICOCARPUS Nees.

S. LINIFOLIUS (L.) B. S. p.

On dry shaded banks along the road above Hinton, Sum-
mers County, alt. 1,400 ft., July 7, 1900 (Morris 950).
S. asteroides (L.) B. S. P. White-topped Aster.

Dry grounds. Frequent or common throughout the State.
Kanawha: near Charleston (James). Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Greenbrier Co., mountains about White Sulphur
Springs, alt. 3,000 ft. (A. Broztni).

BRACHYCHAETA T. & G.

B. sphacelata (Raf.) Britton. (B. cordata T. & G.)

Dry woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, plentiful (Nutt-
all).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 375

BELLIS Linn.

B. PERENNis Linn.

Becoming- rather common in the cemetery and in
yards at Morgantown, AIonongaHa County, 1907 (Sheldon
2623).

ASTER L.

A. Claytoni Burgess.

Along rocky banks east of Oceana, Wyoming County, alt.
1,300 ft., August 22, 1900 (Morris 1294a).
A. macrophyllus L.

Open woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutfall). Pres-
ton: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Kanawha: at the
Kanawha salinas {Holt on).
A. sagittifolius Willd.

On dry banks between Piney, Raleigh County, and Jump-
ing Branch, Summers County, alt. 2,200-3,100 ft., August
24, 1900 {Morris 1338).
A. PATENS Ait.

Rocky river banks. Fayettte : near Nuttallburg {Nuttall) ;
opposite Gauley Junction {Eggleston 5523). Summers : near
Hinton.

A. PHLOGIFOLIUS Muhl.

Open woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nuttall). Pres-
ton : near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
A. LAEVIS L.

Rocky river banks. Aionongalia : near Little Falls. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg, plentiful (Nuttall) ; near Thurmond
(Eggleston 5552).

A. UNDULATUS L.

Dry woods. Mason : near Point Pleasant. Kanawha :
near Charleston. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, common (Nutt-
all) ; near Gauley Bridge (Eggleston 5546). Summers:
near Hinton (Eggleston 5580).

A. CORDIFOLIUS L.

Woodlands. Monongalia : near Morgantown and Little
Falls. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James) ; near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall) ; near Gauley Bridge (Eggleston 5542).
^lason : near Point Pleasant. Preston : near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele). Kanawha: at the Kanawha salinas (Holton).
A. LowRiEANUs Porter.

Woodlands and opens. Monongalia : near Morgantown,
abundant. Preston : near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
A. LowRiEANus LANCiFOLius Portcr.

In woodlands, Preston : near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

y]^ THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

A, Tradescanti L.

In fields and swampy places, Preston : near Aurora ( Mr. &'
Mrs. Steele).
A. PURPURATUS Nees. (A. virgatits Ell.)

Rocky river banks. Fayette: near Nuttallbing {Nnttall).
Preston : along Cheat River. Monongalia : near Camp Eden.
A. POLYPHYLLus Willd. {A. Faxoni Porter.)

Rocky or gravelly soils. Barbour : near Tygarts Junc-
tion (Greenman 503).

A. ERICOIDES L.

Dry open places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nnttall).
Mason : near Point Pleasant. Wood : near Parkersburg.
Monongalia : near Morgantown.
Var. DEPAUPERATUS Portcr. {var. pnsillus A. Gray.)

Dry fields. Monongalia : plentiful about Morgantown.
Var. piLosus (Willd.) Porter.

Roadsides, etc. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, common {Nvitt-
all). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Monon-
galia : near Morgantown. Marion : near Fairmont.
Var. viLLosus T. & G.

Dry open places. Pocahontas : near Travelers Repose
{Greenman 502).
A. LATERIFLORUS (L.) Britt. {A. miser Man. A. diffusus Ait.)
Dry or moist grounds : Monongalia : near Morgantown.
Frequent throughout the northern counties. Hardy : near
Moorefield {Gamble). Ohio: near Wheeling {Mertz 1254).
Preston: near Aurora {Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
A. piiRSUTiCAULis Lindl. "Nail-rod."

Fields and roadsides. Cabell : near Barboursville. Monon-
galia : near Morgantown ; and common throughout the north-
ern, central and western counties.

A. MULTIFLORUS Ait.

Hardy: near Moorefield {Gamble).

A. DUMOSUS L.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble.)

A. DivARicATUS L. {A. coryinbosus Ait.)

Fayette : in the gulf where the old highway goes over the

mountain above Gauley Bridge {Eggleston 5533, 5550-)-

Webster: {H. H. Smith). Preston: near Aurora {Mr. &

Mrs. Steele). Monongalia : near Morgantown { Mills pan gh).

A. viMiNEUs Lam.

Shaded roadsides and fields. Fayette : near Nuttallburg,
alt. 2,000 ft., plentiful (Nuttall). Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown. Mason : near Point Pleasant.
Var. FOLioLosus (Alton) A. Gray.

Monongalia : near Morgantown, Uffington and Little Falls,
common.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 377

A. PANicuLATUS Lam. {A. simplex Willd).

Low grounds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
jMason : near Point Pleasant. Putnam : near Buffalo. Ohio :
near Wheeling {Merts 1270).
A. SALiciFOLius Lam.

Near streams. Monongalia and Preston: banks of Cheat
River (Millspaugh) . Fayette : near Gauley Junction (Eggle-
ston 5520) ; near Gauley Bridge, with white flowers (Eggle-
ston 5549), with blue flowers {Egglestton 5551).
A. Novi-Belgii L.

Damp meadows. Monongalia : near Morgantown.

A. PRENANTHOIDES Muhl.

Rich woods and borders of streams. Randolph : Cheat
Bridge, alt. 3,360 ft. Monongalia: shore of Monongahela
above Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
near Gauley Bridge (Eggleston 5536). Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
A. Novae-Angliae L. New England Aster.

Fields and moist grounds. Marion : near Fairmont and
Palatine (Boiitloii).
A. PUNICEUS L.

Swampy places. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, uncommon
(Nuttall). Hardy: near Morefield (Gamble). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
A. PUNICEUS FiRMUS (Nccs) T. & G.

Wet places. Randolph : near Whitmer and along Dry
Fork River near Harmon (Greenman 505, 504).
A. acuminatus Michx.

Cool, rich woods. Randolph : near Cheat Bridge. Fayette :
near Kanawha Falls (James.)
A. Shortii Hook.

Edges of woodlands. Monongalia : near Morgantown
(Sheldon 4582).

ERIGERON L.

E. ANNUUS (L.) Pers. Daisy Fleabane. Sweet Scabious.

A weed in meadows and fields. Common throughout the
State.
E. RAMOSus (Walt.) B.S.P. Daisy Fleabane. (E. strigosnsM\\\\\.)

Fields and waste places. Monongalia : the Flats and
Uffington. Fayette: Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
E. PULCHELLus Michx. Robin's Plantain. (E. bellidifolins Muhl.)

Copses, common throughout the State.
E. Philadelphicus L. Common Fleabane.

Moist ground. Frequent throughout the northern counties.

3/8 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

LEPTILON Raf.

L. Canadense (L.) Britton. Butter-weed. Horse-weed.
Waste places. Common throughout the State.

DOELLINGERIA Nees.

D. UMBELLATA (Mill.) Nccs. (Astcr Mill.)

Moist thickets. Along Cheat River in Randolph, Tucker,

Preston and Monongalia counties. Fayette : near Nuttall-

burg (Nuttall). Preston : near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

D. INFIRMA (Michx.) Greene. (Aster Michx.)

Mountain woods. Randolph : Point Mountain, alt. 2,800

ft. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

lONACTIS Greene.

I. LiNARiiFOLius (L.) Greene. (Aster L.)

Rocky places. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, along the banks

of New River below high water mark, common (Nuttall) ;

New River Falls (Eggleston 5521). Barbour: near Tygart

Junction (Greenman 223).

GIFOLA Cass.

G. Germanica (L.) Dumort. (GnaphaHuni Germanicwn L.)
Along the road north of Athens, Mercer County, alt. 2,500
ft., July 18, 1900 (Morris 1034).

ANTENNARIA Gaertn.

A. plantaginifolia (L.) Richards. Everlasting.

Sterile hills. Frequent or common throughout the State.

A. Parlinii Fernald.

Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston
4348). Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon 299).

A. PROPiNQUA Greene, Pittonia 4:83. (1899),

Near A. arnoglossa but more slender and only half a^
large, the stolons relatively more elongated and more co-
piously beset with black gland-tipped hairs, the bracts of the
flowering branch often rather strongly ciliate with them :
mature leaves one and a half to two inches long, with almost
elliptic blade and short petiole, mucronately acute, bright
green and nearly veinless above, white-tomentose and obvi-
ously triple-nerved beneath: flowering branches fin the male,
which alone is known) three to six inches high, bearing 4 or
5 involucres, the terminal one sessile, the rest short-pedicel-

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 379

late : bracts biserial, with large clear-white oblong-ovate
obtuse tips : bristles of the pappus only slightly dilated and
sharply serrulate at the tip.

Collected only by E. L. Greene, on an open hillside at
Harper's Ferry, May 14, i8g8 ; only one large patch seen,
and that male. Though obviously a near relative of A. Par-
linii and arnoglossa, its small size, very differently shaped
foliage and peculiarly narrowed and serrulated male pappus -
bristles, compel one to regard it as wholly distinct. I hope
that the female plant may be detected at no distant time.
There is no A. arnoglossa in the Harper's Ferry region.
A. NEODioiCA Greene.

Dry situations. Monongalia: near Morgaiitown (Sheldon
1624).
A. FALLAX Greene.

Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon 349).
A. soLiTARiA Rydb.

Dry hillsides. Tucker: near Parsons (Greenman 240).

ANAPHALIS DC.

A. MARGARiTACEA (L.) Bth. & Hook. Pearly Everlasting.

Dry hills and woods. Monongalia : along Decker's Creek.
Marion : above Opekiska.

GNAPHALIUM L.

G. OBTUSiFOLiuM L. Everlasting. (G. polyccphaUiin Michx.)
Old fields. Frequent or common throughout the northern
and central counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Webster: on Taters
Knob (H. H. Smith). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

G. ULIGINOSUM L. Low Cud-weed.

Low grounds. Grant : near Davis. Gilmer : near Glenville
(Mapel; Broimi). Monongalia: near Morgantown. Ran-
dolph: top of Alleghany Mountains (Greenman 266). Ma-
son : near Point Pleasant. Wood : near Parkersburg. Pres-
ton : near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

G. PURPUREUM L. Purplish Cud-weed.

Sandy soil. Monongalia : near Beechwoods and Ice's
Ferry. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

G. DECURRENS IvCS.

Open places, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
Randolph: top of Alleghany Mountains (Greenman 266a).

380 ' THE WEST \TRGINIA FLORA

INULA L.

I. Helenium L. Elecampane.

Fields. Wirt : near Burning Springs. Upshur : near
Lorentz. Nicholas : along Mumble-the-peg Creek. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near Ronceverte.
Jefferson : near Shepherdstown. Hampshire : near Romney.
Monongalia: near Stumptown. Webster: near Pugh (H. H.
Smith 1655). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

POLYMNIA L.

P. Canadensis L. Leaf Cup.

Moist shaded ravines. Fayette : near Kanawha Falls and
Hawk's Nest {James; Porter) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
near Gauley Junction (Eggleston 5544). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Wood: at the mouth of the Little
Kanawha ( Michaux ) .
Var. RADiATA Gray.

Rich rocky soil. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

P. UVEDALIA L.

Rich soil. Randolph : frequent along Tygarts Valley River.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling
(Mertz 1380).

SILPHIUM L.

S. ASTERISCUS L.

Dry sandy soil. Wirt : beyond Burning Springs. Jackson :
near Ripley.
S. TRiFOLiATUM L. Rosiu-wced.

Dry hills and banks. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
at Hawks Nest (Holton). Greenbrier Co., near White Sul-
phur Springs, alt. 3,000 ft. (A. Broivn).
S. PERFOLiATUM L. Cup Plant.

Along streams. Fayette : near Hawks Nest (James) ; near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CHRYSOGONUM L.

C. ViRGINIANUM L.

Dry soils. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

PARTHENIUM L.

P. iNTEGRiFOLiuM L. Snccze-wort.

Dry soils. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, banks of New River

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 381

below high water mark, plentiful (Nuttall). Greenbrier,
near White Sulphur Springs (Mertz & Giittenhcrg).

HELIOPSIS Pers.

H. scABRA Dunal. Ox-eye.

Fields. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapcl).

H. HELiANTHOiDES (L.) B. S. P. (H. laciis Pers.)

Open places, Webster: near Pugh (H. H. Smith 1654)-

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora

(Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Tucker: near Parsons (Greenman

241).

ECLIPTA L.

E. ALDA (L.) Hassk. (Eclipta procnmhcns, and E. erecta, Michx.)
Wet river banks. Alason : banks of the Ohio near Point
Pleasant. Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts & Guttenberg).
Fayette: R. R. bank, Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

RUDBECKIA L.

R. LAciNiATA L. Cone-flower.

Low grounds. Monongalia : Little Falls, Beechwoods,
Uffington, and Morgantown. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).
Var. HU^kiiLis Gray.

Monongalia : banks of IMonongahela River below ]^Iorgan-
town.
R. FULGIDA Ait.

Fields and Meadows. ]\ionroe : abundant near Alderson.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
R. TRILOBA L. Brown-eyed Susan.

Dry fields. Gilmer : near Glenville (il/a/'^/). Greenbrier-
near White Sulphur Springs.
R. HiRTA L. "Nigger Head." "Yellow Daisy." Brown-eyed Susan.
Becoming too frequent in meadows. Randolph : Cricard
P. O. (Millspaugh) : near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1372).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Throughout
the Ohio River counties. Fayette: along Loup Creek
(James); near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Wood: near Kana-
wha Station.
R. SPECiosA Wender.

Dry soil-. Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts & Guttenberg)

382 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

BRAUNERIA Neck (1790).
(Echinacea, Moench. 1794.)

B. PURPUREA (L.) Britton. Purple Cone-flower. (Echinacea h.)
Along the C. & O. R. R. Fayette : near Nuttallburg ; a
rough, bristly form (Niittall) ; near Thurmond (Eggleston
5557). Adventive from the west.

HELIANTHUS L.

H. LAETiFLORUS Pers.

Dry opens. Fayette : near Nuttallburg.

H. occiDENTALis RiddcU. Western Sunflower,

Banks of New River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg; infre-
quent (Nuttall) ; at Hawk's Nest (Holtoii).
Var. DowELLiANUS T. & G.

Dry soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
H. TOMENTOSUS Michx.

Banks of New River. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

H. GROSSE-SERRATUS Martens. Large-toothed Sunflower.

Dry fields. Upshur : near Buckhannon.
H. GiGANTEUS L. Giant Wild Sunflower.

Low grounds. Randolph : near Cheat Bridge. Fayette :
near Nuttallburg, plentiful (Nuttall); at Hawks ' Nest
(Holton). Preston: near Terra Alta (Millspaugli) ; near
Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
H. LAEviGATUS Torr. & Gray.

Thickets. Preston : near Terra Alta.
H. DORONicoiDES Lam.

Dry grounds. Ohio: on Bogg's Island (Mcrt:: & Gutten-
bcrg). Hardy : near Moorefield (Gamble).
H. MicROCEPHALus T. & G. (H. parviflorus Bernh.)

Thickets. Summers : near Hinton. Greenbrier : near
White Sulphur Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all); near Gauley Junction (Eggleston 5547). Preston:
near Terra Alta (Millspaugli) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz 1452).

H. DIVARICATUS L.

Thickets and dry places. Fayette : near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Jackson: up 8 mile creek.
H. HiRSUTUs Raf.

Dry banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).
Mason : banks of the Ohio near Point Pleasant. Hardy :
near Moorefield (Gamble).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 383

H. STRUMOSUS L.

River banks and low copses. Monongalia : along Decker's
Creek (Millspaugh). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

H. TRACK ELIIFOLIUS Mill.

Mountain woods. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, uncommon
(Ntittall).

H. DECAPETALUS L.

Rich open woods. Monongalia : near Little Falls and
Uffington. Fayette : near Nuttallburg, the m.ost common
species here; petals mostly 8 (Ntittall). Ohio: near Wheel-
ing (Merta 1442).

VERBESINA L.

V. occiDENTALis (L.) Walt. Crownbeard.

Rich soil. Fayette : near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; and along
the Great Kanawha River to its mouth. Jackson : up 8-Mile
Creek. Wood : near Lockhart's Run. Monongalia : near
Morgantown. Summers : near Hinton, Jefferson : near
Shepherdstown. Berkeley : near Martinsburg. Greenbrier :
near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 5514). Kanawha:
near Charleston (Holton).

V. ALTERNiFOLiA (L.) Britton. (Acti)ioiueris alternifolia DC.)
Rich soil. Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts & Guttenberg).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, common (Ntittall). Monongalia: near Morgan-
town. Kanawha : near Charleston (Millspaugh) ., near Kana-
wha Salinas (Holton).

COREOPSIS L.

C. LANCEOLATA VILLQSA INIichx.

Rich soil. Fayette : banks of New River near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

C. PUBESCENS Ell.

Rich shady place. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Ntittall).

C. AURICULATA L.

Rich banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall); near

Hawks Nest (Porter). Monroe: near Alderson.

C. MAJOR Walt. (C. senifolia Michx.)

Shady woods. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs

(Merts & Guttenberg).

Var. STELLATA Torr. & Gray. (C. stellata Nutt.)

Fayette: banks of New River near Nuttallburg (Ntittall).

384 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. TRiPTERis L. Tall Coreopsis.

Rich ground. Jackson : plentiful along- 8-Mile Creek and
on Limestone Ridge. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Nxiitall);
at Hawks Nest (Holfon). Monongalia: near Little Falls.

BIDENS L.

B. CERNUA Linn.

Wet places. Randolph : along Dry Fork River near
Harmon (Grecnmmi 543).
B. FRONDOSA L. Begger's Ticks. Stick-tights. Pitchforks.
Damp, waste places. Common throughout the State.
B. MELANOCARPA Wicgand. (B. frondosa Toir. not L.)

Damp, waste places. Monongalia : near Morgantown
(Millspaugh 775).
B. CONNATA Muhl. Swamp Beggar's Tick.

Wet places. Frequent throughout the State. Kanawha :
a small form at the Kanawha salinas {Hoi ton).
B. COMOSA (Gray) Wiegand.

Damp open places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg {Niittall).
Kanawha : a dwarf form of the species at the Kanawha
salinas. (Holton). Monongalia: near Morgantown and fre-
quent throughout the State.
B. LAEVis (L) B. S. P. (B. chrysanthemoides) Michx.

Wet places. Frequent throughout the State.
B. BiPiNNATA L. Spanish Needles.

Dry places. Abundant throughout the State. Tucker :

bank of Blackwater River near Hendricks (Greenman 250),

B. TRiCHOSPERMA (Michx.) Britton. (Coreopsis M'lchy:.)

Fields. Kanawha : near Charleston. Monongalia : near

Morgantown.

GALINSOGA Ruiz & Pav.

G. PARVIFLORA Cav.

Waste grounds. Mason : near Point Pleasant. Wood :
near Parkersburg.

MARSHALLIA Schreb.

A-I. GRANDiFLORA Bcadlc & Boyuton.

Moist soils, Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
M. OBOVATA PLATYPHYLLA (Curtis) Bead. & Boynt,

Barbour: near Tygart Junction (Greenman 217).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 385

HELENIUM L.

H. AUTUMN ALE L. Snecze-weed.

Alluvial river banks. Wirt : along the Little Kanawha
River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg- (Nuttall). Monongaha :
near Morgantown. Randolph : near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,660
ft. Summers: near Hinton { Mills pmigh, Eggleston 5519)-
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

TAGETES Linn.

T. PATULA L.

Escaped from cultivation and established along the rail-
road near Laurel Creek, Fayette County, near Quinnimont
(Pollard & Max on 20).

ACHILLEA L.

A. Millefolium L. Yarrow. Milfoil.

Common throughout the State, even in the most inac-
cessible portions of the virgin forests in the Alleghanies,
where it certainly appears native. Randolph : Point j\Ioun-
tain, alt. 3,300 ft. Nicholas : Buffalo Range, alt. 2,875 ^t.

ANTHEAHS L.

A. CoTULA L. Dog's Fennel. May-weed.

Fields and waste grounds. Common throughout the State.
A. ar\'ensis L. Chamomile.

Waste places. Morgan : along the B. & O. R. R. near No.
12 Water Tank.

CHRYSANTHEMUM L.

C. Leucanthemum L. Ox-Daisy. "Sheriff Pink."

Becoming too plentiful as a weed in fields, in the follow-
ing counties : Monongalia, Marion, Hampshire : where it is
often known as Sheriff Pink ; Jackson, Preston, Kanawha :
near Charleston (James) ; Cabell : near Barboursville
(James). Grant, Lewis, Upshur. Randolph, Berkeley: near
Martinsburg; Fayette: near Nuttallburg [Nuttall). Green-
brier : near Ronceverte, Caldwell, Fort Spring, and White
Sulphur Springs. Hardy : near IMoorefield (Ca^z&Z^). Mer-
cer : near Princeton and Ingfleside.

386 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

MATRICARIA L.

M. MATRicARioiDES (Less.) Porter. Wild Qiamomile. (M. dis-
coidea DC.)

Established on B. & O. R. R. bank, Morgan: near No. 12
Water Tank.

TANACETUM L.

T. vuLGARE L. Tansy.

Escaped to roadsides. Gilmer : near DeKalb. Lewis :
near Weston. Grant : near Davis. Wood : near Parkers-
burg. Jefferson : near Shepherdstown. Monongalia : on
Kingwood Pike.

ARTEMISIA Linn.

A. ANNUA L. Wormwood.

River banks and waste places. Wood : near Parkersburg
(Millspaugh). Mason: near Point Pleasant, where it is said
to have been introduced by an early French physician (Shel-
don 924). Jefferson: at Harpers Ferry (Greene).

ERECHTITES Raf.

E. HiERAciFOLiA (L.) Raf. Firewccd.

Moist woods and banks, especially new fallows. Ran-
dolph : near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,700 ft. Fayette : near Nutt-
allburg (Nnttall). Monongalia: near Uffington and Mor-
gantown. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

MESADENIA Raf.

M. RENiFORMis (Muhl.) Raf. Great Indian Plantain. (Cacalia
Muhl.)

Rich woods. Marion : along the F. M. & P. R. R.,
especially near Opekiska. Summers : near Greenbrier Stock
Yards. Monroe : near Alderson and Wolf Creek. Preston :
near Terra Alta. Ohio : Bogg's Island, near Wheeling
(Mertz & Guttenberg).

M. ATRiPLiciFOLiA (L.) Raf. Pale Indian Plantain. {Cacalia L.).
Rich woodlands. Upshur : near Lorentz. Monongalia :
banks of Cheat River, near Camp Eden. Ohio : near Wheel-
ing (Merts & Guttenberg) Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nnttall); near Thurmond (Eggleston 5553). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 387

SYNOSMA Raf.

S. SUAVEOLENS (L.) Raf. Indian Plantain. (Cacalia L.)

Rich banks. Monongalia and Marion : from Opekiska to
Morgan town along the Monongahela River, frequent. Pres-
ton : near Terra Alta. Summers : near Hinton. Ohio : near
Wheeling (Merta & Guttcnberg).

SENECIO L.

S. ANTENNARIIFOLIUS BrittOU.

On a loose slate hillside. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur
Springs (Allen & Britton, Mackenzie).

Perennial, tufted in mostly large clumps ; stems slender,
2-4.5 dm. high, loosely white-woolly. Leaves nearly all basal,
commonly numerous, oval to spatulate, angulateiy few-tooth-
ed or entire, mostly obtuse, narrowed into a petiole as long
as the blade or longer, densely white-tomentose beneath,
green and finally glabrous above, 2-4 cm. long; stem-leaves
small, spatulate, laciniate, or the upper narrowly Hnear and
entire ; heads, slender-peduncled, rather less than 25 mm
broad ; rays golden-yellow, showy ; involucre 6 mm high,
white-woolly; achenes glandular-pubescent.
S. VULGARIS L. Groundsel.

Roadsides, fence rows, streets, and waste places ; adven-
tive from Europe. Frequent.
S. AUREUS L. Golden Rag-wort.

Damp places in open woods. Frequent throughout the
State.

S. OBOVATUS Muhl.

Damp places. Lewis : near Weston. Monongalia : near
Morgantown (Millspaiigh). Greenbrier: near White Sul-
phur Springs (Eggleston 4;^46). Ohio: near Wheeling
(Merts 1567).

S. Balsamitae Muhl.

Rocky open woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutfall).
Monongalia : near Morgantown. Mercer : near Beaver
Springs.

ARCTIUM L.

A. Lappa L. Burdock.

Waste grounds, near dwellings. Abundant everywhere.
A. minus Schk.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

388 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CENTAUREA Linn.

C. NIGRA Linn.

Appeared in 191 1 in the alfalfa field of Air. L. A. Bond, at
Lost Creek, Harrison County, and in 1912 in his oat field
(Sheldon).

CARDUUS L.

C. LANCEOLATUS L. Common Thistle.

Fields, waste grounds, and roadsides. Common.
C. ALTissiMus L. Tall Thistle.

Fields and moist copses, frequent. Monongalia, Marion
and Preston counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Summers: near Greenbrier Stock Yards. Ffardy: near
Moorefield. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs. Steele).
Tucker : banks of the Blackwater River near Hendricks
(Greenman 320).
C. DISCOLOR (Muhl.) Nutt.

Fields. Jefferson : near Charlestown ; Summit Point and
near Shepherdstown.
C. ViRGiNiANUS (L.) Pers. Virginia Thistle.

Woods and opens. Summers: near Hinton. Preston:
near Terra Alta. Frequent throughout the State.
C. MUTicus (Michx.) Pers. Swamp Thistle.

Wet places. Randolph : near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,700 ft.
L^pshur : near Lorentz. Kanawha : near Charleston. Pres-
ton : near Terra Alta ; near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs. Steele).
C. ODORATUS (Muhl.) Porter. Pasture Thistle. (Cirsiiun pnm-
ilunt, Spr.)

Dry fields. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs.
Preston: near Terra Alta; near Cranberry Summit (Merts
& Guttenberg) ; near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs. Steele).
C. ARVENSis (L.) Robs. Canada Thistle.

Dry fields, becoming troublesome in many localities. Jef-
ferson: plentiful near Charlestown, where it was doubtless
brought in baled hay by the Federal troops during the war.
Randolph : on the apex of Point Mountain, alt. 3,700 ft., in a
field owned and cultivated two years ago by a Connecticut
gentleman, who probably brought the seed there from the
east. Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs. Jefferson :
near Summit Point and Shenandoah Junction. Hancock :
near Holliday's Cove. Brooke : at Wellsburg.

Reported also from Hampshire : near Slanesville and
Capon Bridge. Brooke : near Wellsburg. Ohio : near Beech
Glen School House. Summers : near Jumping Branch.
Putnam : near Hurricane, Paradise and Confidence. Jeffer-

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 389

son : near Summit Point, Middleway, Mohler's, Shenandoah
Junction, Leetown and Charlestown. Lewis : near Camden
Harrison : near Shinnston and Wallace. Mineral : near Pat-
terson's Depot (since destroyed). Berkeley: near Martins-
burg and Gerrardstown. Wirt : near Burning Springs. Wet-
zel : near Endicott. Jackson : near Sandy and Silverton.
Kanawha : near Pocotaligo and Gazil. Mercer : near Con-
cord Church. Wayne : near Stone Coal. Braxton : near
Bulltown and Tate Creek. Tyler : in Mead dist. Roane :
near Newton and Looneyville. Upshur : near Evergreen.
Wood : near Murphy's Mills, Volcano, Parkersburg, and
Rockport. Ritchie : near Berea. Fayette : near Mountain
Cove. Marshall : near Meighen. Hardy : near Wardens-
ville. Preston: near Independence, 1889-91. Monroe: near
Union. Greenbrier: near Trout Valley and Lewisburg.
Grant : near Greenland. Hancock : near Holliday's Cove.
Taylor : near Grafton. Cabell : near Milton. Clay : near
Valley Fork. Doddridge : near Leopold.

The presence of this weed in the localities noted in the
second paragraph, where not corroborated in the first, is open
to doubt.

PART II.

The Fossil Flora of West Virginia

By DAVID WHITE

The following list includes the species of fossil plants pub-
lished by various geologists as having been found in the upper
Paleozoic and Pleistocene formations of West Virginia. The
plant-bearing beds represented belong to the Pocono, the basal
formation of the Mississippian ("Lower Carboniferous") series;
the Princeton conglomerate member, of Chester age, also in
the Mississippian series ; several formations in the Pottsville
group, the basal division of the Pennsylvanian ("Upper Carbon-
iferous") series; and from various members or beds in the Alle-
gheny, Conemaugh and Dunkard formations which constitute the
remainder of the Pennsylvanian and the Permian in the bituminous
regions of the Appalachian trough. The Quaternary system is
represented by the Carrnichaels clay, an interglacial deposit of
pre-Wisconsin age.

In West Virginia the fossil plants of some of the formations,
like the Allegheny, for example, have received very little attention,
and the lists for these formations are accordingly short, while in'
others, like the Quinnimont and Kanawha (both of Pottsville
age), our paleobotanical knowledge is based predominantly on
material from this state. The floras of the Conemaugh have had
but little study, and their differentiation from those of the Mon-
ongahela, on the one hand, or from those of the Allegheny on the
other, is therefore at present very incomplete. The composition
and characteristics of the plant life of the Monongahela also are
but little understood, though it is known that the floras contain
much that is present in, though not peculiar to, tJie Dunkard
(basal Permian). The remains of a meager flora occurring near
the lop of the Greenbrier limestone in West Virginia are wholly
unstudied and unrecorded. Consequently they do not appear in
the list. Further study will greatly enlarge a number of the lists
from formations containing large and interesting floras that are
as yet comparatively unstudied.

Many of the names quoted in the accompaning lists are based

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 39I

on preliminary examinations and are tentative, the collections hav-
ing in a large number of cases not yet been fully studied.

The differentiation of the floras of the lower Pottsville
which Doctor White has called the Pocahontas group; of the
middle Pottsville, which he has termed the New River group ; and
of the upper Pottsville for which he has adopted the name, Beaver
River group, is fairly well established. As initial, or invasion,
stages the Raleigh sandstone and the Nuttall sandstone lentil of
the Sewell formation are logically placed by the writer in the
New River and Beaver River groups, respectively, of Dr. White.
His Pocahontas and New River groups fall within the time cover-
ed by the "Millstone Grit", and the Lower Coal Measures of Great
Britain, the Beaver River group being referable approximately to
the Middle Coal Measures and the "transition" series of Great
Britain, while the Allegheny goes, for the most part, together with
the Conemaugh and Monongahela, into the Upper Coal Measures
of Great Britain. The beds up to an horizon possibly as high as
the base of the Kittanning group of the coals in the Allegheny
formation are of Westphalian age, the higher Pennsylvanian beds
being of Stephanian age as these periods are defined in Con-
tinental Europe.

The Dunkard formation, the division originally proposed by
Doctor White in substitution for the "Upper Barren Measures"
of the Pennsylvania State Reports, is here used for convenience
and conformity with the West Virginia state nomenclature in
place of Washington and Greene, the two formations into which
the Dunkard has been divided.

The thanks of the writer are due to Doctor White and the
other geologists of the State for the stratigraphic references of
several of the fossil plant collections made fr'^m beds in the Alle-
gheny and Conemaugh formations, the precise stage of these
beds not having been determined prior to the detailed areal work
now in progress by the State.

Among the species in the list there are many that have not
been recorded from localities outside of West Virginia, though
most are known to occur in beds of the same age in other parts
of the Appalachian coalfields. In order, however, to avoid the
description of new species which must necessarily be accompanied
by illustrations, thus unduly increasing both the volume and the
expense of publication, the list is confined to species already re-
ported from West Virginia, or — as in the cases of Lewis Tunnel
in Virginia, or Brown's Mills and Jollytown in Greene County,
Pennsylvania — from localities near the state boundary.

The names inscribed in this list are based upon the identifica-
tions of a number of geologists and paleontologists and represent
not merely the work of different men but also the work of differ
ent periods or stages in the growth of our knowledge of the

392 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

paleobotany of the upper Paleozoic. The identifications, there-
fore, represent the diverse points of view and the interpretations
of men varying- as to their special lines of scientific work, as to
their familiarity with fossil floras, and as to their periods of study.
The result is the introduction of some incompatible identifications
and some confusion in the lists. There are doubtless cases in
which the same species is listed under different names, while, in
others, plants differing as to species, or even as to genera, ai'fe
probably recorded under a single name. The results are the
records as present of species not present in a given formation and
the omission of others. The writer has attempted to eliminate the
greater number of the paleobotanical and stratigraphic errors thus
introduced. In numerous cases, however, for the sake of conser-
vatism this has not been attempted. Obviously the errors cannot
in all cases be eliminated without consultation of the original
specimens, which appears to be for the most part impossible.

In the first list, which is systematic and approximately com-
plete, the name of the species is accompanied by the citation of
either the place of its original publication or the publication
in which the generic combination was first introduced. Other
references are to papers relating to the floras of West Virginia.
The lists given in Volume II of the State Reports are not cited
for the reason that these lists are quoted from a paper of earlier
date by the writer (Bulletin of the Geological Society of America,
vol XI), which is cited. In passing mention should be made of the
list of fossil plants of the State printed in Professor Millspaugh's
"Preliminary Catalogue of the Flora of West Virgina" (see Rul.
24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., 1892, pp. 519-527). The fossil plant
list in this publication was contributed by America's great patron
of paleobotany, R. D. Lacoe, of Pittston, Pa. It is based in part
on identifications made by Lesquereux in his last and enfeebled
years, and in part on studies made by Mr. Lacoe who was, him-
self, a high authority on the Paleozoic floras. Lack of com-
parison of the specimens studied by Fontaine and White is re-
sponsible for certain variations in identification.

Full data descriptive of the formations of the Pennsylvanian
and Permian in West Virgina, the position of the coals and their
stratigraphic relations will be found in Volume II A of the State
Reports, to which the reader is referred for all geologic informa-
tion respecting the plant beds.

SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES.

Archaeopteris alleghanensis (Meek) Font. & I. C. White.

Bull. Phil. Soc. Wash.. Washington, vol. i, Appendix VIII,
1874. p. xviii, pi. i, fig. 2 a. b. [Pocono sandstone.]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 393

Archaeopteris Bockschiana (Goeppert) Lesquereux?

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P. (Coal FL), vol. i,
1880, p. 306, pi. xlix, figs. 1-4. [Pocono sandstone[.
Archaeopteris cf. stricta Andrews.

Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. 2, pt. 2, 1875, Palaeont, p.
418, pi. xlix, figs. 2, 2a. D. White. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. II, 1900, p. 162. [Pottsville group: Nuttall sandstone
lentil of Sewell formation] .
Archaeopteris n. sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 318. [Nuttall sand-
stone lentil of Sewell formation].
Triphyllopteris Lescuriana (Meek) Fontaine.

i\mer. Jour. Sci., 3rd sen, vol. 13, 1877, p. 123. [Pocono
sandstone] .

Triphyllopteris Virginian a Aleek.

Bull. Phil. Soc. Washington, vol. i. Appendix VIII, 1874,
p. xviii. [Pocono sandstone].

This is probably the plant listed by Fontaine (Amer. Jour.
Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 7, 1874, p. 578) as Cyclopteris valida.. It
is one of the forms of a polymorphous type, all of which are
characteristic of the lower Mississippian.
Aneimites cf. tenuifolius (Goeppert) D. White.

Better known as Adianlites tenuifolius (Goppert) Stur.
Abh. K.-K. Geol. Reichsanst, vol. 8, No. i (Culm-Fl), pt. i,
1875, p. 65, pi. xvi, figs. 2, 3. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group: Quinnimont
formation] .

Aneimites adiantoides (Lindley & Hutton) Bailey.

Mem. Geol. Surv. Ireland, Expl. Sheet 137, Dublin, 1859,
p. 12. Described by Lindley & Hutton as Sphenopteris ad-
iantoides Foss. Fl. Great Britain, vol. 2, 1834, p. 91, pi. cxv.
Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 378.
[Pottsville group; Clark? and Sewell formations].

Aneimites fertilis D. White.

Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 47, pt. 3, 1904, p. 323, pi.
xlvii. The small fruits bearing the name Wardia fertilis are
the seeds of Aneimites fertilis. [Pottsville group; Clark
formation]

Aneimites (Adiantites) sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-
glomerate (Mississippian)].
Eremopteris artemisiaefolia (Sternberg) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 416, pi. XXX, fig. 4; Millspaugh,
Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892,
p. 521. [Pottsville group, Kanawha formation].

394 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Eremopteris cf. ELEGANS ( Ettiiigshausen) Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P. (Coal Fl.), vol. i,
1880, p. 294, pi. liii, figs. 7, 7a. Bull Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont and Sewell
formations].
Eremopteris cf. decomposita (Kidston) D. White.

Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, vol. 30, 1882, p. 538, pi, xxxii,
figs. I, la, 4, 5. D. White: Bull Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6,
1895, p. 313. [Princeton conglomerate (Mississippian)].
Eremopteris microphylla Lesq?

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P. (Coal Fl.) vol. i,
1880, p. 296, pi. liii, figs. 6, 7, 7a. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont
formation].
Eremopteris cheathami Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P. (Coal FL), vol
3, 1884, p. 770, pi. civ, figs. 2-4. [Pottsville group; Sewell
formation] .
Eremopteris macilenta (Lindley & Hutton) D. White?

Known in the literature as Sphcnopteris macilenta Lind-
ley & Hutton: Foss Fl. Great Britain, vpl. 2, 1835, p. 193, pi.
cli. Fontaine : Amer. Jour. Sci., New Haven, 3rd ser., vol.
II, 1876, p. 381 (identification subject to question). [Potts-
ville group; Clark and Sewell formations].
Eremopteris cf. Sauveuri (Crepin) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation].
Eremopteris cf. lincolniana D. White.

Twentieth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Survey, i898-'99, pt.
2, 1900, p. 869, pi. cxcii, figs. I, la. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion] .
Eremopteris n. sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville
grcup; Kanawha formation.]
Eremopteris sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 318. [Pottsville
group ; Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation] .
Cheilanthites trifoliolatus (Artis) Goppert.

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop. — Car., vol. 17, Suppl. (Sys.
Fil. Foss.), 1836, p. 245. Better known as Pseudopecoptcrisr
frifoliolata. Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P. (Coal
FL), vol I, 1880, p. 217, and Sphenoptcris trifolio'lata:
Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 59 (50). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, pp. 161, 163.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation].

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 395

Cheilanthites obtusilobus (Brongniart) Goeppert

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop. — Car., vol. 17, Suppl.(Sys.
Fil. Foss.), 1836, p. 246. This is the Pseudopccopteris ob-
tusiloba (Brongniart) of Lesquereux : Second Geol. Surv.
Pa., Kept. Progr. P. (Coal FL), vol. 3, 1884, p. 753. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170. [Cone-
maugh formation] .

The report of the species by Fontaine (Amei. Jour. Sci.
(3), vol. 7, 1874, p. 574) from the Sewell formation is un-
doubtedly erroneous. It is probable that the Sewell plant is
close to, if not identical with, that described by Lesquereux
(Coal Flora, vol. 3, 1884, p. 770, pi. civ, figs. 2-4) as Eremop-
tcris Cheathami.

Cheilanthites obtusilobus var. dilatata (Lesquereux).

The Pseudopecoptcris obtusiloba dilatata (Lesquereux)
Lacoe: Cat. Palaeoz. Pits. N. Amer., Pittston, 1884, p. 9.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation].

Cheilanthites solidus D. White.

This is the Sphcnopteris solida of Lesquereux : Second
Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, vol. 3, 1884, p. 759, pi. ci,
fig. 3. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170.
[Pottsville proup; Kanawha formation]. [Also in Cone-
maugh formation] .

Cheilanthites souamosus (Lesquereux) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170. This species,
first described by Lesquereux as Pecopteris squamosa, has
generally been recorded in the American literature as Pseu-
dopecoptcris anceps. It is possibly indistinguishable from the
European plant known as Pecopteris sphenopteroides. [Alle-
gheny and Conemaugh formations] .

Cheilanthites cf. nummularius (Gutbier) D. White.

This is the Pseudopccopteris cf. nuiniindaria (Gutbier) of
Lesquereux: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, (Coal
FL), vol. 3, 1884, p. 751, pi. ciii, figs. 1-3. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 168. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation].

Diplothmema pachyderm a (Fontaine & I. C. White) D. White.
The Odontopteris pachyderma of Fontaine and I. C.
White: Second Geol. Surv.' Pa., Rept. Prog. PP., 1880. p. 53,
pi. X. figs. 5-10. [Dunkard formation (Permian).].

Diplothmema cf. Jacouoti Zeiller.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville
group : Kanawha formation.]

Mariopteris pottsvillea D. White. Twentieth Ann. Rept. U.
S. Geol. Surv. i898-'99, pt. 2, 1906.

This is the plant listed as Pseudopccopteris muricata

396 TPIE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

(Schlotheim) Lesquereiix "form." by D. White: Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville eroup : Quinnl-
mont formation.]

This species is everywhere present in the upper part of
the lower Pottsville.

Mariopteris pottsvillea var. The plant listed as Pscudopecop-
teris muricata form. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville
group; Sewell formation.]
Mariopteris inflata (Newberry) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville
group ; Kanawha formation.]
Mariopteris pygmaea D. White.

Twentieth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv., i898-'99, pt. 2,
1900, p. 876, pi. cxcii, figs. 2-6. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 162. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.]

Mariopteris Sillimanni (Brongniart) D. White.

Nineteenth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv., 1897-1898
[1899], p. 479. D. White, Bull Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900,
p. 170. [Allegheny and Conemaugh formations.]

Mariopteris muricata (Schlotheim) Zeiller.

Expl. Carte Geol. France, Paris, vol. 4, Atlas, 1878, pi.
clxvii, fig. 5; text 1879, p. 71. D. White, Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation, and Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation.]

Mariopteris ACUTA (Brongniart) Zeiller.

Bull. Soc. Geol. France (3), vol. 7, 1879, p. 98. Recorded
as Pseudopecoptcris acuta (Brongniart) by Lesquereux:
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P. (Coal. Fl.), vol. i,
1880, p. 215, pi. xxxvii, fig. 6. D. White, Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 318. [Pottsville group; Nuttall sand-
stone lentil of Sewell formation, and the Kanawha forma-
tion.]

Mariopteris Andraenx\ (v. Roehl.) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163 [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation].

Mariopteris latifolia (Brongniart) Zeiller?

Mem. Soc. Geol. Nord, Lille, vol. i. No. 3, 1882, p. 5.
This is the Pseudopecoptcris latifolia (Brong.) Lesq. form.,
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, P- 3^5-
[Pottsville group; Quinnimont formation and Kanawha
formation.]

Mariopteris cf. dimorpha (Lesquereux) D. White. This is the
Pseudopecoptcris dimorpha' Lesquereux : Second Geol. Surv.
Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl.), vol. i, 1880, p. 201, pi.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURNEY 397

XXXV, figs. 1-6. D. White : Bull. Geol. See. Am., vol. 6,
1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Ouinnimont formation.]

Mariopteris sphenopteroides (Lesquereux) Zeiller. n, var.

Fl. foss. Bass. Houill. V^alenciennes, Paris, Atlas, 1886, pi.
xix, figs. 3, 4; text 1888, p. 171. D. White, Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.] [Also in Allegheny formation.]

Mariopteris nervosa (Brongniart) Zeiller.

Expl. Carte Geol. France, Paris, vol. 4, v\tlas, 1878, pi.
clxvii, figs. 1-4; text 1879, P- ^9- D. White, Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group: Kanawha
formation.] [Also in the Allegheny and Conemaugh form-
ations.]

Mariopteris Newberryi (Lesquereux) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11. 1900, p. 170. [Allegheny
formation.]

Mariopteris? spinulosa (Lesquereux) D. W.

This is the Pscndopecoptcris spinulosa of Lesquereux:
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, 1880, p. 195, pi. Ivi,
fig. I. Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta.,
Morgantown, 1892, p. 525. [Conemaugh formation.]

Sphenopteris (Crossotheca) ophioglossoides (Lesquereux) D.
White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 8, i8q6 [1897], p. 300 [Sorocla-
dus]. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170.
[Allegheny and Conemaugh formations.]

Sphenopteris spinosa Goppert.

Gatt. Foss. Pflanzen, pts. 3 & 4, 1842, p. 104, pi. xii. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11. 1900, p. 161. [Potts-
ville group ; Kanawha formation.]

Sphenopteris patentissima (Ettingshausen) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 407. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Ouinnimont
formation.]

Sphenopteris cf. Royi Lesquereux, Second Geol. Surv. Pa.,
Rept. Prog. P (Coal FL), vol. 3, 1884, p. 768, pi. civ, figs.
7-10. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]

Sphenopteris furcata Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 59 (50). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Potts-
ville group ; Kanawha formation.]

Sphenopteris elegans (Brongniart) Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xv. pi. xxiii, fig.
2. ^lillspaugh, Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Mor-
gantown, 1892, p. 527. [Pottsville group: Kanawha forma-
tion.]

398 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Sphenopteris distans Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tcntamen), 1825, p. xvi. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-
glomerate (Mississippian).]
Sphenopteris divaricata of Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal Fl.), vol. 3,
1884, p. 767, pi. civ, fig. 6. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. I Pottsville group; Quinnimont forma-
tion.]

A plant doubtfully referred to the same species occurs in
the Nuttall sandstone lentil of the Sewell formation.
Sphenopteris cf. Goepperti (Ettingshausen) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 412. D. White: Bull. GeoJ.
Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Quinni-
mont formation.]
Sphenopteris Hoeninghausii Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 60 (51). D.
White: Smithsonian Misc. Coll. (Quarterly Issue), vol. 47,
pt. 3, 1905, p. 383, pi. liii, fig. 2. [Pottsville group; Clark,
Quinnimont and Sewell formations.]
Sphenopteris rarinervis Fontaine.

Am. Jour. Sci. (3), vol. 11, 1876, p. 381. [Pottsville
group; Clark formation.]
Sphenopteris cf. linearis Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xv, pi. xHi, fig. 4.
D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 162. [Potts-
ville group ; Kanawha formation.]
Sphenopteris subgeniculata (Stur) Rothpletz.

Botanisches Centralblatt, Cassel, vol. 1-2, 1880, III, Gratis-
Beilage, No. i, p. 14, pi. iii, fig. 17. D. White: Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton conglomerate
(Mississippian).].
Sphenopteris cf. geniculata Germar & Kaulfuss.

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop-Car., vol 15, pt. 2, 1831, p.
224, pi. Ixv, fig. 2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 163. [Pottsville group; Kanawha fonnation.]
Sphenopteris sp. cf. Hildreti Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal FL), vol. i,
1880, p. 283. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900,
p. 163. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Sphenopteris cf. trichomanoides Brongniart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. i, 1829, p. 182, pi. xlviii, fig
3. D. White: Bull. Geol. Surv. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 399

Sphenopteris Linkii (Goeppert) Presl.

In Sternberg, Flora d. Vorwelt, vol. 2 (Versuch), pts. 7
& 8, 1838, p. 132. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Sphenopteris tracyana Lesquereux?

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal FL), vol.
3, 1884, p. 766, pi. ci, fig. 2. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanaw^ha forma-
tion.]
Sphenopteris tenella Brongniart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. i, 1829, p. 186, pi. xlix, fig. i.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]
Sphenopteris (Zeilleria) delicatula Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xvi, pi. xxvi, fig. 5.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Sphenopteris flexicaulis Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal FL), vol. i,
1880, p. 284. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895,
p. 317. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]
Sphenopteris cf. Larischii (Stur) Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal FL), vol. i,
1880, p. 288, pi. Iv. figs. 7, 7a. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, P- Z'^7- [Pottsville group; Sewell forma-
tion.]
Sphenopteris hymenophylloides Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 60 (51). D.
White: Bull Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]
Sphenopteris pinnatifida (Lesquereux) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 8, 1896 [1897], p. 291. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny formation.]
Sphenopteris dicksonioides (Goeppert) Schuetze, form.

Abh. Geol. Specialk. Preuss., vol. 4, No. 4, 1882, p. 22.
D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Potts-
ville group ; Ouinnimont formation.]
Sphenopteris karwinensis Stur.

Verh. K.-K. Geol. Reichsanst., 1874, p. 299. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]
Sphenopteris cf. dubuissonis Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 60 (51).
D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]

4CMD THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Sphenopteris minuti-secta Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 43, pi.
V, figs. 1-4. [Conemaugh formation; and Dunkard forma-
tion (Permian).]
Sphenopteris (Rcnanltia) microcarpa Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl.), vol. i,
1880, p. 280, pi. xlvii, figs. 2-2b. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. fPottsville group; Quinnimont,
Sewell, and Kanawha formations.]
Sppienopteris sciiatzlarensis Stur.

Abh. K.-K. Geol. Reichsanst.. vol. 8, No. 2 (Culm. FL,
pt. 2), 1877, p. 321 (427). D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. II, 1900, pp. 161, 163. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.]
Sphenopteris chaerophylloides (Brongniart) Presl.

In Sternberg, Flora d. Vorwelt, vol. 2 (Versuch), pts. 7 &
8, 1838, p. 131. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 170. [Allegheny formation.]
Sphenopteris breviloba (Fontaine & I. C. White) D. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 86, pi.
xxxi, fig. 3. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenopteris Formosa (Fontaine & I. C. White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 86, pi.
xxxi, figs. 1-2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenopteris lobata (Fontaine & I. C. White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 87, pi.
xxxi, fig. 4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenopteris obtusiloba (Fontaine & I. C. White) D. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP. 1880, p. 85, pi.
xxxi, figs. 5-6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenopteris cf. Broadheadi D. White.

Mon. U. S. Geol. Survey, vol. 37, 1899, p. 41, pi. xiii, figs.
I, 2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Sphenopteris Lescuriana Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Survey Pa., Rept. Prog. pP, 1880, p. 44,
pi. vi, fig. i; pi. vii, figs. i. 2. [Dunkard formation (Per-
mian).]
Sphenopteris dentata Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 42, pi. v,
figs. 7-8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenopteris auriculata Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 42, pi.
vii, figs. 3-4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenopteris foliosa Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 44, pi. v,
figs. 9-11. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 4OI

Sphenopteris pachynervis Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 46, pi.
vii, figs. 5-6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenopteris hastata Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 46, pi.
vii, fig. 7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenopteris acrocarpa Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 40, pi.
iii, figs. 1-3; pi. iv, figs. 1-5. [Dunkard formation (Per-
mian).]
Sphenopteris sp. ? Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 42, pi.
xi, figs. 5-7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenopteris cf. canneltonensis D. White.

Mon. U. S. Geol. Surv., vol. 37, 1899, p. 55, pi. xv, fig. 2.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]
Sphenopteris mixta Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 382. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.] [Also in Allegheny formation.]
Sphenopteris cf. stipulata Gutbier.

In Reichenbach, Gaa von Sachs. (Verst. Obersachsen),
1843, P- 74- D. White: Bull Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900,
p. 171. [Allegheny formation.]
Sphenopteris communis Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal FL), vol. 3,
1884, p. 762, pi. civ, figs. I, la. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville group; Sewell forma-
tion.]
Sphenopteris sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-
glomerate (Mississippian).]
Sphenopteris n. sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6. 1895, p. 314. Near. Poca-
hontas coal. [Pottsville group; Clark formation.]
Oligocarpia alap.amensis Lesquereux?

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl.), vol. i,
1880, p. 266. pi. xlvii, figs. i-ib. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.]
Oligocarpia sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]

402 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Sphenopteris (Crossotlicca) sagittatus (Lesquereux) D.White.
Bull. Geol. See. Am., vol. ii, 1900, p. 171. [Allegheny
formation.]

Sphenopteris (Crossotlicca) ophioglossoides (Lesquereux) D.
White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 8, 1896 [1897], p. 300. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.] [Also in Allegheny
formation.]

Sphenopteris (Crossothcca) n. sp. cf. Crepini Zeiller.

Bull. Soc. Geol. de France, 3rd ser., vol. 12, 1884, p. 194.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]

Pecopteris Pluckeneti Sternherg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xix. Fontaine &
I. C. White : Seconcl Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, p.
67, pi. xxi, figs. 4-5. [Conemaugh formation; and Dunkard
formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris Pluckeneti var. constricta Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 68, pi.
xxi, fig. 8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris Germari (Weiss) Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 68, pi.
xix, figs. 1-7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris Germari var. crassinervis Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 70, pi.
XX, fig. 5. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris Germari var. cuspidata Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 70, pi.
XX, fig. 4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris plumosa (Artis) Sternberg?

Flora, Regensburg, vol. i, 1827, p. 137. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation, and Nuttall sandstone lentil of the
Sewell formation.]
Pecopteris (?) serrulata (Dawson) Hartt, Dawson. Acad.
Geol., London. 2d Ed., 1868. p. 553, text-fig. 192K. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6^ 1895, p. 317. [Potts-
ville group ; Sewell formation.]
Pecopteris dentata Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 67 (58). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny formation.]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 4O3

Pecopteris dentata var. parva Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Survey Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 67,
pi. xxii, fig. 2. Millspaugh : Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric.
Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 524. [Dunl-card formation
(Permian).]
Pecopteris dentata var. crenata Fontaine & T. C. White.

Fontaine & I. C. AVhite : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept.
Progr. PP, 1880, p. 66, pi. xxii, figs. 1-5. [Dunkard form-
ation (Permian).]
Pecopteris aspera Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 67 (58). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]
Pecopteris pachypteroides Fontaine & L C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 76, pi.
xxvi, figs. 1-4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris unita Brongniart (not P. unita (F. & I. C. W.)
D. W.)

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodr6me), 1828, p. 67 (58). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170. [AUe-
g'heny and Conemaugh formations.]
Pecopteris emarginata (Goeppert) Presl.

In Sternberg, Flora d. Vorwelt, vol. 2 (Versuch), pts. 7 &
8, 1838, p. 158. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 170, Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv.
Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 82. [Allegheny formation.]
[Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) oblonga (Fontaine & I. C. White")
Miller.

Am. Pal. Foss., Supplement, 1883, p. 255. [Dunkard form-
ation (Permian).]
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) Newberryana (Fontaine & I. C.
White) IMiller.

Am. Pal. Foss., Supplement, 1883, p. 255. Identified by
Zeiller as P. foeminaeformis (Schloth.) (Zeill.) var. dipla-
zioides. [Dunkaard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) longifolia (Fontaine & I. C. White)
D. White.

Fontaine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept.
Progr. PP, 1880, p. 82. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) elliptica (Fontaine & I. C. White)
D. White.

Fontaine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept.
Progr. PP, 1880, p. 83. pi. XXX, fig. i. [Dunkard formation
(Permian).]

404 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Pecopteris (Gonioptcris) sp? Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 83, pi.
xvii, fig. 6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris [Gonioptcris) arguta (Brongn.) Schimp.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 543. Fontaine & I. C. White:
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 82.
[ Dunkard formation ' ( Permian ) . ]
Pecopteris goniopteroides Fontaine & I. C. White,

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 80, pi.
XXV, fig. 2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) elegans (Germar) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 542. Fontaine & I. C. White:
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 82. [Dunk-
ard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris arborescens (Schlotheim) Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 65 (56).
Fontaine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr.
PP, 1880, p. 62. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris arborescens var. integripinna Fontaine & I. C.
White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 63, pi.
xxvii, fig. 6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris micropiiylla Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 "(Prodrome), 1828, p. 67 (58).
Lacoe in Millspaugh : Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta.,
Morgantown, 1892, p. 524. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris nodosa (Goeppert) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 500, pi. xli, fig. 14. Lesquereux:
Second Geol. Survey Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl.), vol. 3,
1884, p. 872. [Conemaugh formation.]
Pecopteris vestita Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal FL), vol. i,
1880, p. 252, pi. xliii, figs. 1-7. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 170. [Allegheny formation.]
Pecopteris villosa Brongniart ?

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. i, 1834, p. 315, pi. civ, fig. 3.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Alle-
gheny and Conemaugh formations.]
Pecopteris pennaeformis var. latifolia Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 65, pi.
xvii, figs. 4, 5. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris Candolleana Brongn.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 65 (56).
Fontaine & I. C. White : vSecond Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept.
Progr. PP, 1880, p. 63, pi. XX, figs, i, 2, 3. [Dunkard
formation (Permian).]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 405

Pecopteris oreopteridia (Schlotheim) Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xix. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170. Fontaine & I. C.
White : Second Geol. Snrv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p.
64. [Dunkard formation (Permian).] [Allegheny and
Conemaugh formations.]
Pecopteris rarinervis Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 71, pi.
XX, figs. 6, 7, 8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris imbricata Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 72, pi.
xxiii, fig. I. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris imbricata Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 72, pi.
xxiii, fig. I. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris platynervis Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 73, pi.
xviii, figs. 1-6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris asplenioides Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 72, pi.
XXV, fig. I. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris rotundiloba Fontaine & I. C.- White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 74, pi.
xvii, fig. 2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris angustipinna Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 76, pi.
xxvii, figs. 1-3. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris tenuinervis Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. ']'], pi.
xxviii, figs. 1-4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris sub-falcata Fontaine & L C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 70, pi.
xxi, figs. 1-2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris Heeriana Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 'jy, pi.
XXV, figs. 3-7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris Schimperiana Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 75, pi.
xxiv, figs 1-5. [Dunkard formation (Permian) ]
Pecopteris lanceolata Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 79, pi.
xxix, figs. 7, 8, 9. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris inclinata Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 80, pi.
xxix, fig. 4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

406 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Pecopteris notata Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6 (New Spec. Foss. Pits
Anthr.), 1854, p. 424. Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol
Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 68. [Monongahela
formation.]
Pecopteris Mekianiopteroides Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 78, pi.
xxix, figs. 1-2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris rotundifolia Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 73, pi.
xxiv, fig. 6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris sp. ? Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 80, pi.
xxvii, figs. 4, 5, 7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris sp. cf. Integra (Andrae) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 530. D. White: BuH. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.]
Pecopteris n. sp. cf. crenulata Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 66 (57). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]
Pecopteris ovoides Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 79, pi-
xxix, fig. 3. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris latifolia Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 79, pi.
xxix, figs. 5-6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris cf. jenneyi D. White.

Mon. U. S. Geol. Surv., vol. 37 (Fl. Low. Coal. Meas.
Mo.), 1899. p. 80, pi. xxxvi, figs. I, 2. D. White : Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 170. [Conemaugh formation.]
Pecopteris pteroides Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 65 (57).
Fontaine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr.
PP, 1880, p. 67. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris Miltoni (Artis) Sternberg.

Flora, Regensburg, vol. i, 1827, p. 137. Fontaine & I. C.
White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p.
65, pi. xxiii, figs. 2, 3. D. W'hite : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 170. [Allegheny & Conemaugh formations.]
[Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris polymorph a Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 65 (56). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 172. [Cone-
maugh formation.] [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 4O7

Pecopteris elliptica Bunbury,

Quart. Joiir. Geol. Sec. London, vol. 2, 1845, P- 84, pi. vii.
Fontaine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr.
PP, 1880, p. 64, pi. xvii, fig. I. [Dunkard formation (Per-
mian).]
Pecopteris {CaUiptcridinui) crandifolia (Fontaine &. I. C.
White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 58, pi.

XV, figs. 1-4; pi. xvi, .figs. 2-4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.

Am., vol. 14, 1904, p. 540. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

Pecopteris (Callipteridium) oulongifolia (Fontaine & I. C.

White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 56, pi.
xii, figs. 1-5 .[Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris {Calliptcridiuui) odontopteroides (Fontaine & I. C.
White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 59, pi.
xvi, fig. I. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 14, 1904, p.
539. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris {Callipteridium) unita (Fontaine & L C. White)
D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 60, pi.
xiv, figs. 2, 3. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris {CaUiptcridinui) Dawsonianiana (Fontaine & I. C.
White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 56, pi.
xiii, figs. 1-2; pi. xiv, fig. i. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. 14, 1904, p. 539- [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 172. [Conemaugh
formation).
Alethopteris decurrens (Artis) Sternberg.

Flora, Regensburg, vol. i, 1827, p. 138. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group,
Kanawha formation.] Characteristic of the middle and
upper Pottsville.
Alethopteris aouilina (Schlotheim) Goeppert.

Nov. Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Car., vol. 17, Suppl. (Syst.
Fil. Foss.), 1836, p. 298. Lacoe in IMillspaugh : Bull. No.
24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 519.
[Conemaugh formation.]
Alethopteris lonchitica (Schlotheim) Sternberg,

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xxi. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville group;
Sewell ? and Kanawha formation] .

Characteristic of the upper Pottsville. The typical form is
unknown in the Allegheny or later beds.

408 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Alethopteris Serlii (Brongniart) Goeppert,

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop. Car., vol. 17, Suppl. (Sys. Fil.
Foss.) 1836, p. 301, pi. xxi, figs. 6-7. D. White: Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 161.

Species mainly confined to the Allegheny and upper Potts-
ville formations. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation].
[Conemaugh formation].
Alethopteris Serlii var. europaea (Brongniart) Goeppert.

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop. Car., vol. 17, 1874, Suppl.
(Sys. Fil. Foss.), 1836, p. 301. Fontaine: Amer.* Jour. Sci.,
3rd ser., vol. 7, 1874, p. 574; ibid, vol. 11, 1876, p. 379.
[Pottsville group; Sewell formation].

This species is near Alethopteris helenae, Lesquereux

(Geol Surv. Alabama, Rept. Prog., 1875 [1876], p. yy), a

type known only in the Pottsville. It is probably the plant

listed by Fontaine as Alethopteris Serlii.

Alethopteris Serlii var. Americana (Brongniart) Goeppert

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop. Car., vol. 17, Suppl. (Sys. Fil.
Foss.), 1836, p. 301. Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser.,
vol. 7, 1874, p. 574. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation].
Aletfiopteris Massilionis (Lesquereux) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P, 1880, p. 173.
Lacoe, in Millspaugh : Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp.
Sta, Morgantown, 1892, p. 520. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation].
Alethopteris cf. grandifolia Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. i, 1853, p. 107. Fontaine: Amer.
Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 379. [Pottsville group:
Clark formation].
Alethopteris Evansii Lesquereux.

Second. Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P, (Coal Fl.), vol 3,
1884, P- 834- D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., vol. 6, 1895,
p. 317. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation].
Alethopteris cf. ambigua Lesquereux.

In I. C. White: Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. Q, 1875
[1878], p. 54. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895,
p. 318. [Pottsville group; Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell
formation].
Alethopteris pennsylvanica Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 433. D. White :
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 172. [Allegheny for-
mation].
Alethopteris virginiana Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 88, pi.
xxxii, figs. 1-5; pi. xxxiii, figs. 1-4. [Dunkard formation
(Permian).]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 409

Alethopteris gigas (Gutbier) Geinitz.

Leitpfl. Rothl. u. Zechst. Sachsen, 1858, p. 12, pi. i, figs.
2-3. Fontaine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept.
Prog-. PP, 1880, p. 89, pi. xxxiii, figs. 5-6. [Dunkard
formation (Permian).]
Alethopteris sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group ; Quinnimont formation] .
Alethopteris sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Clark formation.]
Callipteridium sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville
group; Sewell formation.]
Callipteridium inaeouale Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P, 1880, p. 168, pi.
xxxiii, figs. 2-5. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 172. [Allegheny formation].
Callipteris coneerta (Sternberg) Brongniart.

Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat., vol. 13 (Tableau), 1849, p. 66 (17).
Fontaine & L C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog.
PP, 1880, p. 54, pi. xi, figs. 1-4. [Dunkard formation
(Permian).]
Callipteris lyratifolia var. coriacea (Fontaine & I. C. White)
D. White.

This is the Sphcnoptcris coriacea of Fontaine and L C.
White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 41,
pi. V, figs. 5-6. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 14,
1904, p. 539. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Callipteris curretiensis Zeiller,

In Mouret : Bass. Houill. Perm. Brive (Stratigr., pt. i),

1891, p. 83. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 14, 1903,
p. 539; W. Va., Geol. Surv., vol. 2, 1903, p. 120. [Dunkard
formation (Permian).]

Cardiopteris frondosa (Goeppert) Schimper?

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 453, pi. XXV. Lacoe in Mills-
paugh : Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown,

1892, p. 521. The identification of this species is very doubt-
ful. [Pocono sandstone].

Megalopteris sp. D. White.

Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 383. [Pottsville
group ; Kanawha formation] .
Megalopteris cf. Dawsoni (Hartt) Andrews.

Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. 2, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1875, p. 415.
D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Potts-
ville group ; Quinnimont formation] .

4IO THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Megalopteris sewellensis Fontaine.

Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 383. [Pottsville
group ; Sewell formation] .
Megalopteris sewellensis Fontaine.

Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 383. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895. p. 315. [Pottsville group;
Quinnimont formation].
Megalopteris Hartii Andrews,

Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. 2, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1875, p.
416, pi. xlvi, figs. I, la. Fontaine: Amer.Jour. Sci., 3rd ser.,
vol. II, 1876, p. 382. Probably the species earlier listed by
Fontaine as M. Dazvsoni (Amer. Jour. Sci., vol 7, 1874, p.
574. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]
Taeniopteris Lescuriana Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 91, pi.
xxxiv, fig. 9. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Taeniopteris Newberriana Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 91, pi.
xxxiv, figs. 1-8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Taeniopteris Newberriana var. angusta Fontaine & I. G.
AVhite.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, pi. xxxiv,
fig. 8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Neuropteris Pocahontas D. White.

Tv/entieth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv., i898-'99, pt. 2,
1900, p. 888, pi. clxxxix figs. 4, 4a; pi. cxci, figs. 5, 5a.
[Pottsville group; Clark and Thurmond formations].

Type characteristic of the Pocahontas or lowest Pottsville.
It gave rise to numerous variations, several of which are
distinct species. In the upper part (Quinnimont formation)
of the lower Pottsville it is replaced by a group of forms,
generally listed as A^ SmitJiii Lesq. (see below), while in the
middle Pottsville it is followed by forms probably indis-
tinguishable from A^ Schlchani Stur.
Neuropteris Smith ii Lesquereux.

Geol. Surv. Alabama, Rept. Prog. 1875 [1876], p. 76. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 314. [Potts-
ville group; Clark and Quinnimont formations].

This species, everywhere present in the lower Pottsville,
and represented by derivatives in the middle Pottsville, be-
longs to the group referred by European paleobotanists to
Nettroptcris Schlehani.
Neuropteris Schlepiani Stur. var. D. White.

Abh. K. K. Geol. Reichsanst., vol. 8, No. 2 (Culm. Fl., pt.
2), 1877, p. 183 (289), pi. xi, figs. 7, 8a-c. [Pottsville group;
Sewell formation].

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 4II

Neuropteris biformis Lesquereux (form) D. White

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville
group; Sewell formation].
Neuropteris Elrodi Lesquereux (form) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville
group; Sewell fomiation].
Neuropteris tenuifolia (Schlotheim) Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xvii. [Pottsville
group; Clark formation].

Species characteristic of the upper Pottsville, especially
the Mercer group. The plant referred by Fontaine (Amer.
Jour. Sci., New Haven, vol. 11, 1876, p. 380), to this species
is undoubtedly referable to the N. Smithii type.
Neuropteris flexuosa Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xvi, pi. xxxii, fig.
2, D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

Abundant in the Kanawha formation and the Mercer coal
group. The species from the Dunkard formation listed (Sec-
ond Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, p. 49), under this name
is quite distinct.
Neuropteris Plancitardi var. longifolia (Fontaine & 1. C.
White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 49, pi.
viii, fig. I. D. White: Bull. (^eol. Soc. Am., vol. 14, 1903
[1904], p. 540. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

This variety is specifically distinct from A^. flexuosa.
Neuropteris Lindleyana Sternb., var. Fontaine.

Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd sen, vol. 11, 1876, p. 381. [Pottsville
group; Ouinnimont formation].

The species listed under this name is probably the N. Poca-
hontas D. White.
Neuropteris rarinervis Bunbury.

Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, London, vol. 3, 1847, p. 425, pl
xxii. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation]. [Also in Alle-
gheny formation].

Plant unknown below the "Mercer Coal group" and upper
Kanawha.
Neuropteris sp. cf. gigantea Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xvii, pi. xxii. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Potts-
ville group ; Kanawha formation.]

Type is strictly Pottsville.
Neuropteris ovata Hofifman.

Teutschl. geogn. geol. dargest., Weimar, vol. 4, 1826, p.
159, pi. lb, figs.' 5-8.' D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol

412 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

II, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
[Also in the Allegheny and Conemaugh formations.]
[Dunkard formation (Permian).]

In West Virginia this species is not known below the
highest horizons of the Kanawha.
Neuropteris gibbosa Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 418. Lacoe, in
Millspaugh : Bull. No. 24, W. Va., Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgan-
town, 1892, p. 522. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Neuropteris plicata Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xvi. Lacoe, in
Millspaugh : Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta. Morgan-
town, 1892, p. 523. Probably identified with the preceeding
species. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Neuropteris vermicularis Lesquereux.

Second Rept. Geol. Reconn. Arkansas, i860, p. 315. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny formation].

So far as known this species is confined to the lower part
of the Allegheny.
Neuropteris cf. Carrii Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P, (Coal Fl.), vol. 3,
1S84, p. 731, pi. xciv, figs. 4-7. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am.,' vol. II, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation] .

This plant belongs to a group unknown below the highest
horizon of the Pottsville.
Neuropteris Cistii Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 62 (53). D.
White: BuU. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Potts-
ville group ; Kanawha formation] .
Neuropteris Grangeri Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 62, (53),
Lacoe, in Millspaugh : Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta.
Morgantown, 1892, p. 522. [Conemaugh formation].
Neuropteris callosa Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal FL), vol. i.
1880, p. 115, pi. xvi, figs. 1-8. [Conemaugh formation].
Neuropteris dictyopteroides Fontaine & L C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, i88c, p. 49, pi.
viii, figs. 3-5. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Neuropteris fimbriata Lesquereux.

Third Rept. Geol. Surv. Kentucky, Frankfort, 1857, p. 536.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny and Conemaugh formations.] [Dunkard formation
(Permian).]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 4I3

Neuropteris cf. Zeilleri Potonie.

Jahrb. K. Preuss. Geol. Landesanst., Berlin, vol. 12, 1891
[1893], p. 22, text-fig. 5. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am..
vol. II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion].

Neuropteris Scheuchzeri Hofifman.

Teutschl. geogn. geol. dargest., XA'eimar, vol. 4, 1826, p.
157, pi. lb, figs. 1-4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Sc'C. Am., vol.
II, igoo, p. 169.

This fossil, long known as A^ Jiirsuta Lesq., is very abun-
dant in the Allegheny and higher beds, but not known below
the Mercer group and topmost Kanawha. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation.] [Also in Conemaugh and Allegheny
formations.]

Neuropteris odontopteroides Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa.. Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 50, pi.
ix, figs. 1-6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

Neuropteris cordata Brongniart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. i, 1830, p. 229, pi. Ixiv, fig. 5.
Fontaine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog.
PP, 1880, p. 51. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

Neuropteris auriculata Brongniart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. i, 1830, p. 236, pi. Ixvi. Fon-
taine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr.
PP, 1880, p. 50. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

Neuropteris crenulata Brongniart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. i, 1830, p. 234, pi. Ixiv, fig. 2.
Lesquereux : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (CoaJ
Fl.), vol. 3, 1884, p. 871. [Conemaugh formation.]

Neuropteris Agassizi Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal Fl.), vol.
I, 1880, p. 117, pi. xvii, figs. 1-4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 172. [Allegheny formation.]
Doubtful identification.

Neuropteris n. sp. No. i, D. WHiite.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Allegheny
formation] .

Neuropteris sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, P- 3i8- [Pottsville
group; Nuttall sandstone lentil of the Sewell formation.]
Neuropteris sp. ? Fontaine.

Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876. p. 378. [Potts-
ville group ; Sewell formation].

414 TPIE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

LiNOPTERis OBLiQUA (Bunbury) Zeiller.

Mem. See. Geol. France, vol. 8, Mem. 21, 1899, p. 46, pi.
XX (iv), figs. 14-17. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 172. [Allegheny formation].
A plant characteristic of middle and upper Allegheny.
Lescuropteris adiantites Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P, 1880, p. 163, pi.
xxvi, fig. 4. Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp.
Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 522. [ ?Dunkard formation
(Permian).]
Lescuropteris Moorii (Lesquereux) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 465. Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24,
W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 522. [Cone-
maugh formation].
Odontopteris neuropteroides Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. i, 1853, p. 106. Fontaine: Amer.
Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 383. [Pottsville group;
Quinnimont formation].

Probably wrongly identified and may be A''. Pocahontas,
D. White.
Odontopteris obtusilop.a var. rarinervis Fontaine & L C.
White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 52.
[Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Odontopteris nervosa Fontaine & L C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 52, pi. x,
figs. 1-2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Odontopteris Worth eni Lesquereux.

Geol. Surv. Illinois, vol. 2, 1866, Pal., p. 432, pi. xxxvi;
figs. I, lb. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol, 11, 1900, p
172. [Allegheny formation.]
Odontopteris subcuneata Bunbury.

Quart. Jour. Geo!. Soc, London, vol. 3, 1847, P- 4^7' P^-
xxiii, figs. lA, iB. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. x\m., vol. 11,
1900, p. 171. [Allegheny formation.]
Odontopteris densifolia Fontaine & L C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 54, pi.
X, fig. 3. Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Odontopteris aeoualis Lesquereux.

Geol. Surv. Illinois, vol 2, 1866, Pal., p. 434, pi. xxxvi, fig.
2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171.
[Allegheny formation.]
Odontopteris Newberryi Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa. Rept. Progr. P, 1880, p. 127.
Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgan-
town, 1892, p. 523. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 415

Odontopteris Reichiana Giitbier.

Abdr. Verst. Zwick, Schwarzk., Zwickau, 1835, P- ^5' P^-
ix, figs. 1-3, 5, 7; pi. X, fig. 13. Millspaugh : Bull. No. 24,
W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 523.
[Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Odontopteris gracillima Newberry.

Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. i, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1873, p.
378, pi. xlvi, figs. 1-33. Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd
ser., vol. II, 1876, p. 378. [Pottsville group; Sewell forma-
tion and Nuttall sandstone lentil in the Sewell.]
Caulopteris gigantea Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 95, pi.
xxxvi, fig. i; pi. xxxviii, fig. 5. [Dunkard formation (Per-
mian).]
Caulopteris elliptica Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 95, pi.
XXXV, figs. 4, 5. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Aphlebia spinosa (Goeppert) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 8, 1896 [1897], p. 292 [Sphe-
nopteris]. [Pottsville group; Clark formation.]
Aphlebia (Rhacopliylhim) laciniata (Fontaine & I. C. White)
Sellards.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 94, pi.
XXXV, fig. 2. Sellards : Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, vol. 9,
1908, p. 454. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Aphlebia filiciformis (Gutbier) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 685, pi. xlviii, figs. 3-6. Lacoe,
in Millspaugh : Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Mor-
gantown, 1892, p. 526. [Conemaugh formation.]
Aphlebia LACTUCA (Presl) Sterzel.

Erlaut. Geol. Specialk. Konigr. Sachsen, Leipzig, Blatt
113, 1881, p. 104. Fontaine: & I. C. White: Second Geol.
Surv. Pa.. Reot. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 94. [Dunkard forma-
tion (Permian).]
Aphlebia speciosissima (Schimper) D. White.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 685. Fontaine & I. C. White:
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 94.
[Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Aphlebia filiciformis z'or. majus (Fontaine & I. C. White) D.
White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 93, pi
xxxv, fig. I. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Equisetites rugosus Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. I, 1869, p. 287, pi. xvii, figs. 1-3. Fontaine
& L C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP,
1880, p. 33, pi. i, fig. 6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

4l6 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Equisetites striatus Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 34, pi.
h fig"- 5- [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Equisetites elongatus Fontaine & I. C. \Vhite.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 33, pi.
i, figs. 1-4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Equisetites occidentalis Lesquereux.

Geol. Surv. Illinois, vol. 4, Pal. pt. 2, 1870, p. 425, pi. xx,
fig. 5. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315.
[Pottsville group; Clark and Quinnimont formations.]

Known only in lower Pottsville of West Virginia, Tennes-
see and Georgia. It may be the same as the fossil described
by Fontaine as Equisetites sp.? (Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser.,
vol. II, 1876, p. 381).
Asterocalamites scrobiculatus (Schlotheim) Zeiller.

Expl. Carte Geol. France, Paris, vol. 4, Atlas, 1878, pi.
clix, fig. 21 ; text 1879, P- 16. [Pottsville group; Clark and
Quinnimont formations.]

This species is generally known in our American literature
as Boriiia radiata (Brongniart) Schimper (Pal. Veg., vol.
I, 1869, p. 335, pi. xxiv, figs. i-io). D. White: Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. Species generally character-
istic of the upper Mississippian. The identification of this
plant in the Pennsylvanian is questionable.
Calamites Suckowi Brongiart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. i, 1828, p. 124, pi. xiv, fig. 6;
pi. XV, figs. 1-6; pi. xvi. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. II, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion.]
Calamites Suckowi Brongniart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. i, 1828, p. 124, pi. xiv, fig. 6;
pi. XV, figs. 1-6; pi. xvi. Fontaine: & I. C. White: Second
Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 35. [Dunkard
formation (Permian).]
Calamites Cistii Brongniart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. i, 1828, p. 129. pi. xx. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Potts-
ville group ; Kanawha formation.] [Also in Allegheny form-
ation.]
Calamites cannaeformis Schlotheim.

Petrefactenkunde, Gotha, 1820, p. 398, pi. xx, fig. i. Fon-
taine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 379.
[Pottsville group; Quinnimont formation.]
Calamites Roemeri Goppert?

Zeitscher. Deutsch. Geol. Ges., vol. 3, 185 1, p. 190. Fon-
taine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd. ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 378.
[Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 4I7

Calamites ramosus Artis.

Antediluvian Phytology, London, 1825, p. 2, pi. ii. D.

White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Potts-

ville group; Kanawha formation.]
Calamites approximatus Schlotheim.

Petrefactenkunde, Gotha, 1820, p. 399. Fontaine: Amer.

Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 383. D. White: Bull:

Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville group;

Sewell, including Nuttall sandstone lentil, and Kanawha

formations.]

Calamites sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Ouinnimont formation.]
Calamitina sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]
Calamodendron sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. aA-ui.. vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]

Asterophyllites minutus Andrews.

Rept. Geol. Surv., Ohio, vol. 2. pt. 2, Palaeont., 1875, p.
424, pi. H, figs. 4, 4a. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
6, 1895, p. 315; Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161
and 164. Species in general characteristic of the Pottsville
group. [Princeton conglomerate?? (Mississippian).]

[Pottsville group; Ouinnimont and Kanawha formations
and Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation.]

Asterophyllites gracilis Lesquereux.

Second Rept. Geol. Recom, Arkansas, i860, p. 310, pi. ii,
fig. 4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317.
[Pottsville grovip ; Sewell formation.]
Asterophyllites eouisetiforimis (Schlotheim) Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 156 (159).
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

Plant ranges from Mercer group upwards into the Per-
mian.
Asterophyllites lycopodioides Zeiller.

Fl. foss. Bass. Houill. Valenciennes, Paris, Atlas, 1886, pi.
lix, figs. I, 2; text 1888, p. 380. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.]
Asterophyllites sp. indet. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-
glomerate (Mississippian).]

4l8 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

AsTEROPHYLLiTES ERECTiFOLius Andrews.

Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. 2, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1875, p.
425, pi. xlix, fig. 3. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6,
1895, p. 317. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]
AsTEROPHYLLiTES RiGiDUS (Sternberg) Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 157 (159).
D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]
Nematophyllum angustum Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 35, pi.
ii, figs. 1-5. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Annularia acicularis (Dawson) Renault.

Cours. de Bot. Foss., vol. 2, 1882, p. 171. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation.]
Annularia ramosa (Brongniart) Weiss.

Neues Jahrb. f. Min., vol. 2. 1881, p. 273. D. White:

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315; Bui!. Geol. Soc.

Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont?,

and Kanawha formations.] [Also in Conemaugh formation.]

Annularia cuspidata Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, 1884, p. 725, pi.
xcii, figs. 7, 7a. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 162. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation, and
Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation.]
Annularia radiata (Brongniart) Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xxxi- D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. Fontaine & I. C.
White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa , Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 39.
[Pottsville group; Sewell formation.] [Dunkard formation
(Permian) ?]
Annularia stellata (Schlotheim) Wood.

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. 12, i860, p. 236.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.] [Also in Conemaugh and
Allegheny formations; and Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Annut^aria sphenophylloides (Zenker) Gutbier.

Isis von Oken, Leipzig, vol. 30, 1837, p. 436. Fontaine &
I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880,
p. 39. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.] [Also in
Allegheny and Conemaugh formations, and in Dunkard
formation ( Permian ) . ]

Has same wide range as the preceding species.
Annltlaria sphenophylloides z'ar. intermedia Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa.. Rept. Progr. P, 1884. p. 724.
[Allegheny and Conemaugh formations.]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 4I9

Annularia carinata Gutbier.

Isis von Oken, Leipzig, vol. 30, 1837, p. 436. Fontaine &
I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Kept. Progr. PP, 1880,
p. 38. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Annularia minuta Brongiart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 153 (155).
Fontaine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Kept. Progr.
PP, 1880, p. 39. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Annularia sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc, Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont formation.]
Calamostachys lanceolata Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, (Coal Fl.), vol.
3, 1884, p. 715, pi. xci, figs. I. 2; pi. xciii. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group;
Quinnimont formation.]
Calamostachys ramosus (Artis) Weiss.

Abh. Geol. Specialk. Preuss., vol. 5, No. 2 (Steink.-Calam.
pt. 2), 1884, p. 193 (107), pi. XX, figs. I, 2. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation.]
Macrostachya sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville
group ; Sewell formation.]

Expl. Carte Geol. France, vol. 4, Atlas, 1878, pi. clxi, figs.

I, 2; text 1879, p. 30. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.

II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation and
Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation.]

Plant characteristic of the middle and upper Pottsville
formations. Typical form is unknown in Allegheny or
higher beds.
Sphenophyllum antiouuai Dawson.

Canadian Naturalist, Montreal, vol. 6, 1861, p. 170, text
fig. 7. Fontaine: Amer. Jour.- Sci., 3rd ser., vol 7, 1874, p.
574. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]
Sphenophyllum lescurianum D. White.

Mon. U. S. Geol. Surv., vol. t;]. 1899, P- 182, pi. 1, fig. 6b;
pi. li, fig. b ; pi. xxiv, fig. 3c. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.]
Sphenophyllum emarginatum (Brongniart) Koenig.

Icones Foss. Sect., London, 1825 (?), pi. xii, fig. 149. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.] [Also in Allegheny and
Conemaugh formations.]

Plant unknown below "]\Iercer coal group."

420 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Sphenophyllum majus (Bronn in Bischoff) Bronn.

Letheae Geogn., Stuttgart, vol. i, 1834, p. 32, pi. viii, fig.
9, a, b. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc; Am., vol. 11, 1900, p.
171. [Allegheny and Conemaugh formations.]
Sphenophyllum furcatum (Lindley & Hutton) Geinitz.

Furstl. Jablon. Ges. Preisschr., No. 5 (Fl. Hain.-Ebers. &
Floeh. Kohl.), Leipzig, 1854, p. 36, pi. i, figs. 10-12; pi. ii,
■figs. 2. I. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p
161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Sphenophyllum tenue D. White.

Twentieth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv., i8o8-'99, pt. 2,
1900, p. 900, pi. cxci, figs. 6, 7. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont
formation.]

Species characteristic of lower Pottsville and basal middle
Pottsville in the central and northern Appalachian regions.
Sphenophyllum angustifolium (Germar) Goppert.

In Bronn, Naturgeschte d. drei Reiche, vol. 3 (Nomencl.
Palaeont.), 1848, p. 1166. Millspaugh : Bull. No. 24, W. Va.
Agric. Exp. Sta., Alorgantown, 1892, p. 526. [Dunkard
formation (Permian).]
Sphenophyllum oblongifolium (Germar & Kaulfuss) Unger.
Gen. et Spec. PI. Foss., 1850, p. 70. Fontaine & I. C.
White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p.
38. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenophyllum longifolium (Germar) Geinitz & Gutbier.

In Reichenbach, Gaa von Sachs. (Verst. Obersachsen),
1843, p. ^2. Fontaine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv.
Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 38. [Dunkard formation
(Permian).]
Sphenophyllum Thoni ]\Iahr.

Zeitschr. Deutsch. Geol. Ges., vol. 20, 1868, p. 433, pi. viii.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 172.
[Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenophyllum Fontaineaum S. A. Miller.

North American Geol. & Palaeont., Cincinnati, 1889, p.
141. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

This is is the plant described as S pheno phyllum lafi folium
Fontaine & I. C. White, a preoccupied name, in the Second
Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 36, pi. i, figs. lo-ii.
Sphenophyllum filiculme Lesquereux.

Boston lour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 415. Fontaine &
I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880,
p. 37, pi. i, fig. 8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sphenophyllum tenuifolium Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880. p. 38, pi. i,
fig. 9. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 421

Sphenophyllum densifolium Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 37, pi.
i, fig. 7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Lycopodites Meekii Lesquereux.

Geol. Surv. Illinois, vol. 4, Geol. & Pal., pt. 2, 1870, p. 426,
pi. xxvi, figs. 6, 6a. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Lycopodites pendulus Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal PL), vol. 2,
1880, p. 357, pi. Ixii, figs. 2, 2a. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 171. [Conemaugh formation.]
Lycopodites simplex Lesquereux?

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept, of Progr., G^ Harrisburg,
1882 [1883], p. 40. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Lycopodites n. sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group ; Ouinnimont formation.]

BoTHRODENDRON sp. cf. MiNUTiFOLiUM (Boulay) Zeiller.

Expl. Carte Geol. France, Paris, vol. 4, text 1879, p. 117.
D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]
BoTHRODENDRON n. sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]
Lepidodendron sp. cf. Brittsii Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl.), vol. 2,
1880, p. 368, pi. Ixiii, figs. 1-2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.]

Lepidodendron rusitvillense Andrews.

Rept. Geol. Surv., Ohio, vol. 2, pt. 2, Paleont., 1875, p
423, pi. liii, fig. 4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 162. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Lepidodendron selaginoides Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt, vol. i (Versuch), pt. 2, 1822, p.
31, pi. xvi, fig. 3 ; pi. x:vii, fig. i. Fontaine : Amer. Jour. Sci.,
3rd ser., vol. II, 1876, p. 378. [Pottsville group; Clark
formation.]

Lepidodendron scobiniforme Meek.

Bull. Phil. Soc. Washington, vol. i, Appendix VITI, 1874,
p. xiii, pi. i, fig. I. [Pocono sandstone.]

This species is cited generally as L. corrngatuin Dawson.
Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 7, 1874, p. 578.

422 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Lepidodendron acuminatum (Goeppert) Unger.

Gen. et. Spec. PI. Foss., 1850, p. 261. D. White: Bull.
Geol. See. Am., vol. 11, 190Q, p. 164. [Pottsville group;
Ouinniniont( ?) and Kanawha formations.]
Lepidodendron Sternbergii (form.) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont and Sewell formations.]
Lepidodendron Veltheimianum Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xii, pi. lii, fig. 3.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Rochester, vol. 11, 1900, p.
164. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont and Kanawha forma-
tions.]
Lepidodendron lanceolatum Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Kept. Progr. P (Coal FL), vol. 2,
1880, p. 369, pi. Ixiii, figs. 3-53. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.]
Lepidodendron sp. cf. ofcHOTOMUM Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt, vol. i (Versuch), pt. i, 1820, p. 23, pis.
i, ii, iii ; pi. Ixviii, fig. i. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Lepidodendron clypeatum Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 429. D. Whiter
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]

Characteristic of the upper and middle Pottsville.
Lepidodendron obovatum Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt, vol. i (Versuch), pt. i, 1820, p. 23, pi.
vi, fig. 2 ; pi. viii, fig. i B, a-b ; pi. xv, fig. 5. D. White : Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group..
Kanawha formation.]
Lepidodendron cf. magnum Wood.

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. 12, i860, pi.
vi, fig. 4. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Rochester, vol. 11,.
1900, p. 164. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Lepidodendron modulatum Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 428. D. White
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. Plant generally
characteristic of the Allegheny and not known below the
"Mercer coal group." [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion.] [Also in Allegheny formation.]
Lepidophloios sp. cf. laricinus Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xiii. pi. xi, figs. 2,.
3, 4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

WEST \IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 423

Lepidophloios sp. D. White.

Biill.^ Geol. See. Am., vol. ii, 1900, p. 172. [Allegheny
formation.]
Ulodendron majus Lindley & Hutton.

Foss. Fl. Great Britain, vol. i, 1831, p. 22, pi. v. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]
Ulodendron sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont formation.]
Halonia sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, P- 3^5- [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont formation.]
Lepidostrobus variabilis Lindley & Hutton.

Foss. Fl. Great Britain, vol. i, 183 1, p. 31, pis. x, xi. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315; ibid., vol.
II, 1900, p. 161, 169. [Pottsville group ; Quinnimont' and
Kanawha formations, and Nuttall sandstonelentil of Sewell
formation.]
Lepidostrobus ornatus Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 93 (88).
D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]
Lepidostrobus Salisburyi Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P. 1880, p. 443, pi.
Ixix, figs. I, 2. Alillspaugh : Bull No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp.
Sta., 1892, p. 521. [Pottsville group: Kanawha formation.]
Lepidostrobus sp. nov. ? D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville
group; Kanav^'ha formation.]
Lepidophyllum brevifolium Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 430. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Allegheny
formation.]
Lepidophyllum Jenneyi D. White.

Mon. U. S. Geol. Surv., vol. 37, 1899, p. 214, pi. lix, figs.
1-3 ; pi. Ixiii, fig. 6. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 172. [Allegheny formation.]
Lepidophyllum acuminatum Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 430. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. it, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation.]
Lepidophyllum oblongifolium Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl), vol. 3,
1884, p. 868. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900,
p. 171. [Allegheny formation.]

424 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Lepidophyllum lanceolatum Lindley & Hutton.

Foss. Fl. Great Britain, vol. i, 1831, p. 28, pi. vii, figs. 3, 4.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]

Lepidophyllum campbellianum Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Kept, of Progr., G'^, Harrisburg,
1882 ([1883], p. 40. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
6, 1895, p. 315; ibid.. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, pp.
161, 165. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

Lepidophyllum cf. cultriforme Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl.), vol. 3,
1884, p. 785, pi. cvii, figs. 13, 14; pi. cviii, fig. 2. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]

Lepidophyllum liastatum Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 430. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 172. ('[Allegheny
formation.]

Lepidophyllum n. sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Ouinnimont and Sewell formations.]

Lepidocystis vesicularis Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, 1880, p. 457, pi.
Ixix, figs. 18-20. [Allegheny and Conemaugh formations]

SiGILLARIA CAMPTOTAENIA (Wood) Wood.

Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. .Philadelphia, vol. 13, 1869, p. 342,
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny formation.]

This species is in general characteristic of the Allegheny
formation, though rare in the "Alercer coal group."

SiGILLARIA FissA Lcsqucrcux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 426. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, pp. 169, 171. [Potts-
ville group ; Kanawha formation.]

SiGILLARIA cf. RETICULATA Lcsqucreux. Non (Steinhauer)
Miller.]

Second Rept. Geol. Reconn. Arkansas, Philadelphia, i860,
p. 310, pi. iii, fig. 2. D. W' hite : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6,
1895, p. 317. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]

SiGILLARIA Menai^di Brouguiart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 74 (65).
Lesquereux: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal
Fl.), vol. 3, 1884, p. 871. [Conemaugh formation.]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 425

SiGiLLARiA Brardii Brongniart.

Diet. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 74 (65).
Fontaine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr,
PP, 1880, p. 97, pi. xxxii, fig. 10. [Dunkard formation (Per-
mian).]
Sigillaria cf. DENTATA Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. i, 1853, p. 165, text fig. 4. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Potts-
ville group; Quinnimont formation.]
Sigillaria cf. reticulata Lesquereux.

Second Rept. Geol. Reconn. Arkansas, Philadelphia, i860,
p. 310, pi. iii, fig. 2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Sigillaria sp. cf. icktyolepis (Sternberg) Corda.

Beitr. Fl. Vorwelt, 1845, p. 29, pi. ix, fig. 19. D. White :
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]
Sigillaria approximata Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 96, pi.
xxxvii, fig. 3. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Sigillaria sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont formation.]
Triletes sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 318. [Pottsville
group; Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation.]
Cordaites borassifolius (Sternberg) Unger,

Gen. et. Spec. PI. Foss., 1850, p. 277. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation.]
Cordaites Rof.bii Dawson.

Canadian Naturalist, Montreal, vol. 6, 1861, p. 168. Fon-
taine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 379.
[Pottsville group ; Clark, Quinnimont and Sewell forma-
tions.]
Cordaites crassinervis Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 97, pi.
xxxvii, fig. 10. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

Poacordaites sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]
Baiera virginiana Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 103,
pi. xxxvii, figs. II, 12. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

426 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSfelL FLORA

Whittleseya elegans Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. i, 1853, p. 106. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville s^oup;
Sewell formation.]
Saportaea grandifolia Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Pro.^r. PP, 1880, p. loi, pi.
xxxviii, fig. 4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Saportaea salisburioides Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 102, pi.
xxxiii, figs. 1-3. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
CoRDAicARPON GuTBiERi (Gcinitz) Grand 'Eury.

Fl. Garb. Dept. Loire, Paris, 1877, p. 236, pi. xxvi, fig. 19.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171.
[Conemaugh formation.]
CoRDAicARPON ciRCULARis (Lcscjucreux) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville
group ; Kanawha formation.]
CORDAICARPON ciNCTUM Lcsquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl.), vol. 3,
1884, p. 804, pi. cix, figs. 5, 6. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.]
Cardiocarpon cornutum Dawson.

Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, London, vol. 18, 1862, p. 324, pi.
xiii, figs. 23, 24. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 162. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Cardiocarpon bicuspidatum (Sternberg) Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. i, 1853, p. 153, text-fig. 7. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895. p. 318. [Potts-
ville group ; Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation.]
Cardiocarpon minor Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. i, 1853, p. 153, text-fig. 4. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Potts-
ville group; Sewell and Kanawha formations.]
Rhabdocarpos tenax Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, 1884, p. 818, pi.
cxi, figs. 25, 26. Lacoe, in Millspaugh : Bull. No. 24, W. Va.
Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 526. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]
Cardiocarpon elongatum Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. i, 1853, p. 153, text-fig. 6. D.
White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville
group; Sewell formation.]
Rhabdocarpos multistriatus (Presl) Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal FL), vol.
2, 1880, p. 578, pi. Ixxxv, figs. 22, 23. D. White : Bull. Geol.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 427

Soc. Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.]

Probably the fruit of Ncnropteris Hcxiiosa.
Rhabdocarpos sulcatus (Lindley & Hutton) Schimper.

Pal. Vcg., vol. 2, 1870, p. 220. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha for-
mation.]
Rhabdocarpos amygdalaeformis (Goeppert) Goeppert &
Berger, Fruc. Semin. Form. Lith., Breslau, 1848, p. 21,
pi. i, fig. 12. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900,
p. 165. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Rhabdocarpos oblongatus Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 98, pi.
xxxvii, figs. 8, 9. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Rhabdocarpos Bockschianus Goeppert & Berger.

Fruct. Semin. Form. Lith., Breslau, 1848, p. 21, pi. i, figs.
13, 14. Lacoe, in Millspaugh : Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric.
Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 525. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation.]
Rhabdocarpos sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-
glomerate (Mississippian) .]
Rhabdocarpos sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, P- SM- Near Pocahon-
tas coal. [Pottsville group; Clark formation.]
Rhabdocarpos n. sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group ; Ouinnimont and Sewell formations.]
Trigonocarpum triloculare (Hildreth) Newberry.

Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. i, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1873, p.
367, pi. xliii, figs. I, 13, 13a; pi. xliii, fig. 13. Fontaine.
Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 382. [Pottsville
group; Sewell formation.]
Trigonocarpum oliviaeforme Lindley & Hutton?

Foss. Fl. Gt. Brit., vol. 3, 1837, p. i83,pl. ccxxii, fig. 1-3.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Potts-
ville group; Sewell formation.]
Trigonocarpum clavatum (Sternberg) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, P- S^S- [Pottsville
group; Ouinnimont formation.]
Trigonocarpum ampullaeforme Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P., 1884, p. 823, pi.
cix, figs. 18-20, 21 ? Lacoe, in Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W.
Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 527. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]

4^8 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Trigonocarpum Noeggeratiiii (Sternberg) Brongniart.

Diet. Sci, Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 137. Lacoe,
in Millspaugh, Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Mor-
gantown, 1892, p. 527. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion.]
Carpolithes bi-carpus Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Kept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 98, pi.
xxxvii, figs. 6, 7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Carpolithes ellipticus Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xl, pi. vii, fig. i. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny formation.]
Carpolithes marginatus Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 98, pi.
xxxvii, fig. I. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Carpolithes sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont formation.]
Carpolithes sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-
glomerate (Mississippian).]
Carpolithes? fragarioides Newberry.

Rept. Geol. Surv., Ohio, vol. i, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1873, P-

370, pi. xliii, figs. 2, 2a. D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer..
vol. II, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion.]

Guilielmites orbicularis Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 99, pi.
xxxii, fig. 2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

The fossil described under the above name is possibly a
Dolerophyllum.
Palaeoxyris appendiculata Lesquereux.

Geol. Surv. Illinois, vol. 4, Geol. & Pal, pt. 2, 1870, p. 546,
pi. xxvii, fig. II. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

The species of this genus, though described as plants, are
thought by many to be egg-capsules of a fossil shark or allied
type of animal life. There is, at all events, little doubt that
they are the envelopes of some type of fructification.
Equisetum arvense L. ,

Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.

371. Pleistocene (Interglacial). [Carmichaels clays.]
Cyperus sp. Knowlton.

Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p. 371. Pleis-
tocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 429

POTAMOGETON ROBBINSII Oakcs.

Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
Fagus ferruginea Ait.

Knowlton: Amer. Geologist, ]\iinneapolis, vol. 2, p. 371.
Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
Castanea pumila Mill.

Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 18, i8g6, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
Quercus falcata Mich.

Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
Betula nigra L.

Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
Platanus occidentalis L.

Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
Ulmus racemosa Thomas.

Knowlton : Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
Liquidambar styraciflua.

Knowlton: Amer. Geologist, ^linneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE POCONO (MISSISSIP-

PIAN) AT LEWIS TUNNEL, VA., SIX MILES

EAST OF WHITE SULPHUR, W. VA.

Archaeopteris alleghaniensis (Meek) Fontaine & I. C. White.
Archaeopteris Bockschianus Lesquereux.
Triphyllopteris Lescuriana (Meek) Fontaine.*
Triphyllopteris virginiana (Meek) Meek.
Lepidodendron scobiniforme Meek,
Lepidocystis silioua (Dawson) D. White.

*The plants Hsted by Prof. Fontaine (Amer. Jonr. Sci. (3).
vols. 7 and 11, 1874 and 1876) as Cyclopteris Jacksoni, Palaeop-
teris Jacksoni, and P. cf. obtusa, probably are forms closely re-
lated to, if not indentical with, Triphyllopteris virginiana and T.
Lescuriana.

430 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE PRINCETON CON-
GLOMERATE (MISSISSIPPIAN) ON PINEY
CREEK ROAD, RALEIGH COUNTY.

Aneimites sp.

Eremopteris cf. DECOMPOSITA (Kiclston) D. White.

Sphenopteris distans Sternberg.

Sphenopteris subgeniculata (Stur) Rothpletz.

Sphenopteris sp.

Cardiopteris frondosa (Goepp.) Schimp.

Asterophyllites minutus Andrews?

Asterophyllites sp.

Rhabdocarpos n. sp.

Carpolitiies sp.

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE CLARK FORMATION
(PENNSYLVANIAN: POTTSVILLE GROUP).

Aneimites adiantoides (Lindley & Hiitton) Bailey.

Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
Aneimites (Wardia) fertilis D. White.

Keeney Creek Branch railway near Nuttall.
Eremopteris macilenta (Lindley & Hutton) D. White.

Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
Sphenopteris Hoeninghausi Brongniart.

Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
Sphenopteris rarinervis Fontaine.

Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
Sphenopteris sp. D. White.

Near Pocahontas coal, month of Arbuckle Creek.
Alethopteris cf.GRANDiFOLiA Ncwbcrry.

Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
Alethopteris sp. D. White.

Near Pocahontas coal, month of Arbuckle Creek.
Neuropteris Pocahontas D. White.

Present nearly everywhere.
Neuropteris Smithii Lesquerenx.

Clark Gap.
Neuropteris TENUiFOLiA (Sclotheim) Sternberg*?

Lower Piney Creek plant bed.

*Undonbtedly wrongly' identified. Probably a derivative of
N. Pocahontas comparable to A^. biformis Lesquerenx.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 43I

Aphlebia spinosa (Goeppert) D. White.

Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
Equisetites occidentalis Lesquereux.

Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
Asterocalamites scrobiculatus (Schlotheim) Zeiller.

Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
Lepidodendron selaginoides Sternberg.

Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
CoRDAiTES RoBBii Dawson ?

Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
Rhabdocarpos sp.

Near Pocahontas coal at mouth of Arbuckle Creek and
near Rush Run.

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE QUINNIMONT FOR-
MATION (PENNSYLVANIAN: POTTS-
VILLE GROUP).

Aneimites tenuifolius (Brongniart) D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Princes, Rush Run, Dimmock, Fay-
ette, etc.
Eremopteris cf. elegans (Ett.) Lx.

Quinnimont coal at Rush Run, Fayette, Harveys.
Eremopteris microphylla Lx. ?

Quinnimont coal near Nuttall.
Mariopteris pottsvillea D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Beechwood, Red Ash, Princes, Rush
Run. Dimmock, etc.
Mariopteris latifolia (Brongn.) Zeill. ?

Quinnimont coal at Dimmock, Rush Run, Harveys.
Mariopteris dimorpha (Lesquereux) D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Princes, near Fayette station and
Nuttall.
Sphenopteris divaricata Geinitz & Gutbier.

Quinnimont coal at Princes and Fire Creek.
Sphenopteris cf. Goepperti (Ett.) Schimp.

Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek and Nuttall.
Sphenopteris Hoeninghausi Brogn.

Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont, Princes, Rush Run,
Beechwood and Harveys.
Sphenopteris patentissima (Ett.) Schimp.

Quinnimont coal at Princes, Red xA-sh, and Fayette.
Sphenopteris dicksonoides (Goeppert) W^eiss.

Ouinnimont coal at Fire Creek.

432 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Sphenopteris (Renaultia) microcarpa Lesq.

Oiiinnimont coal at Quinnimont, Fayette, Beurys(?) and
Rush Run.
Megalopteris cf. Dawsoni Andrews.

Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont.
Megalopteris Sewellensis Font.?

Quinnimont coal at Dimmock, Rush Run and Harveys.
Alethopteris sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek, Nuttall, Harveys, and
Princes.
Neuropteris Smith II Lesq.

Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek, Nuttall, Princes, Rush
Run, etc.
Neuropteris Lindleyana Sternb. var. Font.

Quinnimont coal at Sewell station.
Odontopteris neuropteroides Newberry*.

Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont.
Equisetites occidentalis Lesq.

Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont.
Asterocalamites scrobiculatus (Scloth.) Zeill. ?

Quinnimont coal at Princes and Rush Run.
Calamites cannaeformis Schloth.

Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont.
Calamites sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont and Dimmock.

ASTEROPHYLLITES MINUTUS AudrCWS.

Quinnimont coal at Rush Run, Dimmock and Harveys.
Annularia ramosa (Brong.) Weiss.

Quinnimont coal at Dimmock, Rush Run and Harveys.
Annularia n. sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Rush Run.
Calamostachys lanceolata Lesq. (form.).

Quinnimont coal at Rush Run.
Sphenophyllum tenue D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Dimmock.
Lycopodites n. sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Princes, Fire Creek, Dimmock and
Rush Run.
Lepidodendron acuminatum (Goepp.) Unp:er?

Quinnimont coal at Rush Run, Red Ash, Fire Creek and
Quinnimont.
Lepidodendron Sternbergii Brongn. (form.).

Quinnimont coal at Dimmock and Princes.
Lepidodendron Veltheimianum Sternb,

Quinnimont coal at Rush Run.

'Probably wrong identification.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 433

Ulodendron sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Ouinnimont, Dimmock, Beechwood.
Halonia sp. D. White.

Ouinnimont coal at Rush Run.
Lepidostrobus variabilis Lindl. & Hutt.

Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek.
Lepidophyllum Campbellianum Lesq.

Quinnimont coal at Dimmock and Rush Run.
Lepidophyllum sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Dimmock and Rush Run.
Sigillaria cf. DENTATA Ncwbcrry.

Quinnamont coal at Beurys and Beechwood.
Sigillaria sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Beurys.

CORDAITES ROBBII DawSOU ?

Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont.
Rhabdocarpos sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek, Rush Run, Dimmock.
Trigonocarpum clavatum (Sternb.) D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont and Dimmock.
Carpolithes sp. D. White.

Ouinnimont coal at Fire Creek.

PLANTS RECORDED FROM THE SEWELL FORMA-
TION (PENNSYLVANIAN: POTTSVILLE GROUP).

Eremopteris cf. elegans (Ett.) Lesq.

Sewell coal at Harveys.
Eremopteris Cheathami Lesq.

Sewell coal at Harveys.
Eremopteris macilenta (Lesq.) D. W. form.

Sewell coal at Thurmond, Nuttall and Sewell.
Mariopteris muricata (Schloth.) Zeill. form.

Sewell coal at Thurmond, Harveys, and Cunard.
Mariopteris pottsvillea D. W., var. Nov.

Sewell coal, Thurmond and Harveys.
Sphenopteris cf. RoYi Lesq.

Sewell coal at Nuttall.
Sphenopteris flexicaulis Lesq.

Sewell coal, Harveys.
Sphenopteris cf. Larischii (Stur) Lesq.

Sewell coal, Harveys.
Sphenopteris microcarpa Lesq.

Sewell coal, Harveys.
Sphenopteris communis Lesq.

434 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Sewell coal at Nuttall.
Pecopteris( ?) SERRULATA (Daws.) Hartt.

Sewell coal at Thurmond.
Megalopteris sewellensis Font.

Sewell coal, Sewell
Megalopteris Hartii Andrews.

Sewell coal, Sewell
Alethopteris LONCHiTicA (Schloth.) Stb. (?)

Sewell coal at Thurmond, Macdonald and Nuttall.
Alethopteris Serlii var. europea (Brongn.) Goepp.

Sewell coal, Sewell
Alethopteris Serlii var. Americana (Brongn.) Goepp.

Sewell coal, Sewell
Altehopteris Evansii Lesq.

Sewell coal at Cunard and Nuttall.
Callipteridium sp.

Sewell coal at Cunard and Nuttall.
Neuropteris Schlehani Stur. var.

Sewell coal in all of New River Region.
Neuropteris biformis Lesq. form.

Sewell coal, Macdonald and Cunard.
Neuropteris? sp. Fontaine.

Sewell coal, Sewell
Neuropteris Elrodi Lesq.

Sewell coal: Macdonald, Thurmond and Cunard.
Odontopteris Newberryi Lesq. (?)

Sewell coal at Macdonald.
Odontopteris gracillima Newberry.

Sewell coal, Sewell
Calamites Roemeri Gopp. ?

Sewell coal, Sewell
Calamites approximatus Schlotheim.

Sewell coal, Sewell
Asterophyllites gracilis Lesq.

Sewell coal at Macdonald.
Asterophyllites erectifolius Andr.

Sewell coal at Macdonald, Turkey Knob, Harveys and
Thurmond.
Annularia radiata (Brongn.) Stb.

Sewell coal at Thurmond.
Macrostaciiya sp.

Sewell coal at Cunard.
Sphenopfiyllum antiquum Dawson.

Sewell coal, Sewell
Lepidodendron Sternbergii Brongn.

Sewell coal at Stone Cliff.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 435

Lepidophyllum sp.

Sewell coal at Thurmond.

SiGILLARIA cf. RETICULATA Lesq.

Sewell coal at Cunard.

CORDAITES ROBBII DawSOll ?

Sewell coal at Sewell.
Whittleseya elegans Newby.

Sewell coal at Macdonald.
Cardiocarpon cf. BicuspiDATUM (Steriib.) Newby

Sewell coal at Stone Cliff.
Cardiocarpon minor Newby.

Sewell coal at Turkey Knob.
Cardiocarpon elongatum Newby.

Sewell coal at Macdonald and Turkey Knob.
Rhabdocarpos sp.

Sewell coal at Macdonald, Turkey Knob, Harveys, Stone
Cliff, and Thurmond.
Trigonocarpum triloculare (Hildreth) Newberry.

Sewell coal at Sewell.
Trigonocarpum oliviaeforme L. & H.

Sewell coal at Turkey Knob, Harveys, Thurmond and ( ?)
Macdonald.

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE NUTTALL SAND-
STONE LENTIL OF THE SEWELL FORMA-
TION NEAR ANSTED.

Arcpiaeopteris stricta Andrews.

Archaeopteris sp. D. White.

Eremopteris sp. D. White.

Mariopteris muricata (Schlotheim) Zeiller.

Mariopteris pygmaea D. White.

Mariopteris acuta (Brongniart) Zeiller.

Sphenopteris furcata Brongniart.

Sphenopteris cf. linearis Sternburg.

Alethopteris cf. ambigua Lesquereux.

Pecopteris plumosa Sternberg.

Megalopteris sp. D. White.

Neuropteris sp. D. White. ' ■

Odontopteris gracillima Newberry.

Calamites approximatus Sternberg.

AsTEROPHYLLiTES MiNUTUS Andrews.

Annularia cuspidata Lesquereux.

Calamostacpiys sp. D. White.

Sppienophyllum cuneifolium (Sternberg) Zeiller.

436 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Lepidodendron rushvillense Andrews.

Lepidostrobus variabilis Lindley & Hutton.

Lepidophyllum sp. D. White.

Triletes sp. D. White.

Cardiocarpon bicuspidatum (Sternberg) Newberry,

Cardiocarpon cornutum Dawson.

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE KANAWHA FORMA-
TION (PENNSYLVANIAN: POTTSVILLE
GROUP).

Eremopteris cf. Sauveuri (Crepin) D. White.

Cedar Grove coal at East Bank.
Eremopteris artemisiaefolia (Sternb.) Schimp.

Coahnont.
Eremopteris cf. lincolniana D. \\ hite.

Eagle coal at St. Clair mine.
Eremopteris n. sp. D. White.

Gas coal at Ansted ; Peerless coal at Peerless, Cedar Grove
and Handley ; Cedar Grove coal at East Bank and Riverside
mine.
Cheilanthites trifoliolatus (Artis) Goepp.

Gas-Tunnel coal at Forest Hill mine near Edgewater;
Peerless coal at Peerless, Slaughters Creek, Black Diamond,
Monarch, Handley and Black Cat mines.
Cheilanthites obtusilobus var. dilatus (Lesquereux) D.
White.

Cedar Grove coal at East Bank, Black Cat Mine, and
Cotton Hill? Also at Short Creek and Peytona.
Cheilanthites cf. nummularius (Gutbier) D. White.

Stockton coal at Belmont, and on Buffalo Lick Fork and
Spanglers Fork of Blue Creek.
Mariopteris inflata (Newberry) D. White.

Eagle coal at Eagle. Gas coal at Ansted ; Diamond.
Mariopteris cf. Jacouoti (Zeiller) D. White.

Cedar Grove coal at Cedar Grove.
Mariopteris muricata (Schlotheim) Zeiller.

Eagle coal at Eagle and St. Clair ; Stockton coal on
Hurricane Branch.
Mariopteris latifolia (Brongniart) Zeiller.

Coalmont.
Mariopteris acuta (Brongniart) Zeiller.

Eagle coal at Eagle, Crescent and St. Clair. Peerless coal,
Cedar Grove, Peerless, Black Diamond and Slaughters
Creek.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 437

Mariopteris Andraeana (v. Roehl) D. White.

Gas coal at Ansted ; Peerless coal at Peerless ; Cedar Grove
coal at East Bank, Black Cat. Also at Blacksburg and Coal-
mont.
Mariopteris sphenopteroides (Lesquereux) Zeiller var. nov.
D. White.

Cedar Grove coal at East Bank, Blacksburg.
Mariopteris nervosa (Brongniart) Zeiller.

Eagle coal at Eagle; Gas coal at Ansted and Diamond;
Stockton coal at Belmont.
Sphenopteris spinosa Gopp.

Eagle coal at Eagle and St. Clair ; Peerless coal : Cedar
Grove, Black Cat, and Slaughter Creek.
Sphenopteris furcata Brongn.

Eagle coal at Crescent.
Sphenopteris elegans (Brongn.) Sternb.

Maiden.
Sphenopteris geniculata Germar & Kaulfuss.

Cedar Grove coal at East Bank and Black Cat mines. '
Sphenopteris Hildrethi Lesquereux.

Cedar Grove coal at East Bank; also at Cotton Hill.
Sphenopteris cf. trichomanoides Brongn.

Stockton coal on Buffalo Lick Fork near Cannelton.
Sphenopteris Linkii (Goeppert) Presl.

Eagle coal at Crescent.
Sphenopteris tracyana Lesquereux?

Eagle coal at Eagle.
Sphenopteris tenella Brongniart

Stockton coal on Buffalo Lick Fork, near Cannelton and
at Pond Gap.
Sphenopteris (Zeilleria) delicatula Sternberg.

Gas coal at Ansted.
Sphenopteris hymenophylloides Brongn.

Stockton coal at Stanton mine. Pond Gap, and near mouth
of Hurricane Creek.
Sphenopteris Karwinensis Stur.

Stockton coal, Pond Gap, and Buffalo Lick Fork near
Cannelton.
Sphenopteris cf. dubuissonis Brongn.

Eagle coal at St. Clair; Gas coal at Forest Hill mine;
Peerless coal at Peerless, Handley and Black Cat mines.
Sphenopteris (Renaultia) microcarpa Lesquereux?

Eagle coal at Eagle and St. Clair.
Sphenopteris schatzlarensis Stur.

Eagle coal at Crescent and St. Clair; Peerless coal at
Peerless and Monarch mines.

438 TPIE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Spiienopteris cf. Broadheadi D. White,

Stockton coal at Pond Gap.
Sphenopteris cf. CANNELTONENSLS D. White.

Peerless coal, Monarch mine.
Sphenopteris mixta Schimp.

Stockton coal, Belmont mine, and Pond Gap.
Sphenopteris (Crossotheca) ophioglossoides (Lesq.) D.
White.

Stockton coal on Buffalo Lick Fork near Cannelton.
Sphenopteris (Crossotheca) cf. Crepini Zeiller.

Peerless coal at Peerless ; Gas coal at Ansted ; Stockton
coal on Buft'alo Lick near Cannelton and at Stanton mine.
Oligocarpia alabamensis Lesquereux?

Cedar Grove coal, Cedar Grove.
Oligocarpia sp. D. White.

Peerless coal, Handley.
Pecopteris plumosa Artis.

Gas coal, at Crescent, Diamond, Morris Creek and Ansted.
Pecopteris aspera Brongn.

Gas coal? Cotton Hill.
Pecopteris sp. cf. Integra (Andrae) Schimper.

Eagle coal at Crescent.
Pecopteris villosa Brongniart.
Stockton coal ; Pond Gap.
Pecopteris sp. cf. crenulata Brongn.

Tunnel coal and Gas coal, Ansted, Diamond, Morris
Creek, Crescent, Kelly's Creek and Carbon Hill.
Alethopteris decurrens (Artis) Sternb.

Eagle coal at Crescent.
Alethopteris massilionis Lx.

Short Creek.
Alethopteris lonchitica (Schlotheim) Sternberg.

Gas coal, Ansted : Peerless coal at Cedar Grove ; Cedar
Grove coal at Cedar Grove, East Bank, and Black Cat mines.
Alethopteris Serlii (Brongn.) Goepp.

Eagle coal at Eagle and St. Clair ; Gas-Tunnel coal at
Diamond, Forest Hill, Morris Creek ; Peerless coal at
Peerless, Monarch, Handley, Black Cat and on Slaughter
Creek ; Cedar Grove coal at East Bank, Riverside mine and
on Hurricane and Kelly creeks ; Stockton coal at Buffalo
Lick Fork and Spanglers Fork of Blue Creek.
Neuropteris flexuosa Sternb.

Eagle coal at Eagle ; Gas-Tunnel coal at Forest Hill,
Diamond, Crescent, Morris Creek and Ansted ; Peerless coal
at Peerless, Cedar Grove, Black Diamond, Monarch, Black
Cat, Handley, and on Slaughter Creek ; Cedar Grove coal at
Cedar Grove, East Bank and Black Cat.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 439

Neuropteris rarinervis Bunbury.

Stockton coal at Buffalo Lick Fork, Belmont, Pond Gap.
Stanton mine on Kelly's Creek, and on Hurricane Creek.
Neuropteris cf. gigantea Sternb.

Gas coal at Ansted ; Cedar Grove coal at East Bank.
Neuropteris ovata Hoffm.

Stockton coal, Pond Gap.
Neuropteris cf. Carrii Lesq.

Stockton coal on Spangler's Fork of Blue Creek.
Neuropteris Cistii Brongn.

Cedar Grove coal at Eastbank and Riverside.
Neuropteris cf. Zeillbri Potonie.

Eagle coal at Crescent.
Neuropteris Scheuchzeri Hoffm.

Stockton coal at Belmont, Staunton mine on Hurricane
Branch, and on Slaughter's Fork of Blue Creek.
Calamites Suckowi Brongn.

Gas coal : Ansted and Forest Hill mines ; Cedar Grove
coal at Cedar Grove and Black Cat mines.
Catamites Cistii Brongn.

Gas coal : Ansted ; Cedar Grove coal at Eastbank.
Calamites ramosus Artis.

Eagle coal, St. Clair mine; Gas coal at Forest Hill; Peer-
less coal at Peerless ; Cedar Grove coal at Eastbank ; Stock-
tonl coal at Belmont.
Calamites approximatus Schlotheim.

Cotton Hill.
Calamitina sp. D. White.

Gas coal at Morris Creek.
Calamodendron sp. D. White.

Peerless coal : Peerless.
Asterophyllites minutus Andrews.

Eagle coal. Crescent ; Peerless coal, Cedar Grove and
Handley.
Asterophyllites eouisetiformis (Schlotheim) Brongn.

Stockton coal, Belmont.
Asterophyllites lycopodioides Zeiller.

Cedar Grove coal at Eastbank.
Asterophyllites rigidus (Sternberg) Brongn.

Eagle coal : Eagle. Gas coal : Morris Creek. Cedar Grove
coal : Hurricane Creek, Kelley Creek and Eastbank.
Annularia acicularis (Dawson) Renault.

Eagle coal : Eagle and Crescent.
Annularia radiata (Brongniart) Sternberg.

Gas coal : Ansted, Cotton Hill ; Peerless coal : Peerless,
Cedar Grove, on Slaughters Fork of Blue Creek; Cedar
Grove coal at Eastbank.

440 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Annularia stellata (Schlotheim) Wood.

Stockton coal : Belmont, Stanton mine and Pond Gap.
Annularia sphenophylloides (Zenker) Gutbier.

Stockton coal on Buffalo Lick Fork, at Stanton mine and
Pond Gap.
Annularia ramosa (Artis) Weiss.

Eagle coal at St. Clair and Crescent ; Gas coal : Ansted ,
Cedar Grove coal: Eastbank; Peerless coal: Peerless, Cedar
Grove, Slaughter Creek, and Handley ; Stockton coal : Bel-
mont and Stanton mines.
Calamostachys ramosus Weiss.

Eagle coal at St. Clair; Peerless coal at Peerless.
Sphenophyllum cuneifolium (Sternberg) Zeiller.

Eagle coal : Eagle and St. Clair ; Gas coal : Forest Hill,
Morris Creek, Black Cat and Handley ; Cedar Grove coal :
Cedar Grove, Hurricane Creek ; Stockton coal : Buffalo Lick
Fork, Spanglers Fork of Blue Creek, Stanton mine and
at Pond Gap.
Sphenophy'llum Lescurianum D. White.

Stockton coal : Buffalo Lick Fork and Pond Gap.
Sphenophyllum emarginatum (Brongniart) Koenig.

Stockton coal : Spanglers Fork of Blue Creek.
Sphenophyllum furcatum (Lindl. & Hutt.) Gein,

Eagle coal at Crescent and Eagle : Peerless coal at Hand-
ley.
Lycopodites Meekii Lesquereux.

Stockton coal at Stanton mine and on Hurricane Creek.
Lycopodites simplex Lesquereux.

Peerless coal : Peerless ; Cedar Grove coal : Eastbank,
Cotton Hill?
Bothrodendron cf. minutifolium (Boulay) Zeiller.

Gas coal : Morris Creek, Ansted and Forest Hill mine ;
Peerless coal : Peerless, Cedar Grove, Monarch, Handley,
Black Cat and on Slaughter Creek ; Cedar Grove coal : Cedar
Grove, Eastbank, and Kelleys Creek ; Stockton coal : Stanton
mine.
Bothrodendron sp. D. White.

Eagle coal : St. Clair.
Lepidodendron cf. Brittsii Lesq.

Gas coal : Forest Hill mine ; Peerless coal : Monarch.-
Lepidodendron acuminatum (Goepp.) Ung.

Gas coal : Crescent.
Lepidodendron Veltheimianum Sternb.

Gas coal : Morris Creek ; Peerless coal at Handley.
Lepidodendron lanceolatum Lesq.

Stockton coal : Stanton mine and on Hurricane Creek.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 44I

Lepidodendron cf. DicHOTOMUM Stcmb.

Eagle coal : Eagle and Crescent.
Lepidodendron clypeatum Lesq.

Cedar Grove coal on Kelley's Creek below mouth of Hur-
ricane Creek.
Lepidodendron obovatum Sternb.

Eagle coal : Eagle ; Gas coal : Diamond mine.
Lepidodendron modulatum Lesq.

Stockton coal at Pond Gap.
Lepidophloios cf. laricinus Sternb.

Gas coal : Morris Creek and Ansted ; Peerless coal at
Handley.
Ulodendron majus Lindl. & Hutt.

Gas coal at Ansted ; Cedar Grove coal at Eastbank.
Lepidostrobus variabilis Lindl. & Hutt.

Eagle coal : Eagle and St. Clair ; Gas coal : Forest Hill,
Diamond and Ansted ; Peerless coal : Cedar Grove, Monarch
and Handley ; Cedar Grove coal : Hurricane Branch ; Stock-
ton coal : Belmont and Stanton mines.
Lepidostrobus ornatus Brongn.?

Gas coal : Tunnel Mine, Kelley Creek.
Lepidostrobus Salisburyi Lesq.

Coal River.
Lepidostrobus sp. D. White.

Gas coal : Kelleys Creek.
Lepidophyllum acuminatum Lesq.

Peerless coal : Peerless.
Lepidophyllum lanceolatum Lindl. & Hutt. ?

Stockton coal : Sta nton mine.
Lepidophyllum Campbellianum Lesq.

Eagle coal : Eagle and St. Clair ; Gas coal : Diamond,
Morris Creek, Forest Hill and Ansted ; Peerless coal : Peer-
less ; Cedar Grove coal : Kelley Creek below mouth of Hurri-
cane Branch.
Lepidophyllum cf. cultriforme Lesq.

Gas coal : Diamond, Morris Creek and Kelley Creek.
Lepidocystis obtusus Lesq.

Gas coal : Morris Creek and Kelleys Creek.
Lepidocystis vesicularis Lesq.

Stockton coal : Buffalo Lick Fork and Stanton mine.

SiGILLARIA FISSA Lcsq.

Stockton coal : Hurricane Branch.

SiGILLARIA cf. RETICULATA Lesq.

Gas coal : Morris Creek.
SiGILLARIA cf. icHTYOLEPis (Sternb.) Corda.

Gas coal : Tunnel mine.
CoRDAiTES BORAssiFOLius (Sternb.) Ung.

442 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Gas coal : Tunnel mine.
PoAcoRDAiTES sp. D. White.

Stockton coal ; Pond Gap.
CoRDAicARPON ciRCULARE (Lcsq.) D. White.

Stockton coal : Stockton.

CORDAICARPON CINCTUM Lesq.

Stockton coal : Pond Gap.
Cardiocarpon minor Newberry.

Gas coal : Tunnel mine.
RiiABDOcARPOS BocKSCHiANUs Gocpp, & Berg.

Campbells Creek.
Rhabdocarpos multistriatus (Presl) Lesq.

Gas coal : Ansted.
Rhabdocarpos tenax Lesq.

Campbells Creek.
Rhabdocarpos sulcatus (Lindl. & Hutt.) Schimp.

Eagle coal : Eagle ; Gas coal : Forest Hill and Morris
Creek.
Rhabdocarpos amygdalaeforiv[IS Goepp. & Berger.

Peerless coal : Monarch.
Carpolithes? fragarioides Newberry.

Gas coal : Ansted ; Peerless coal : Peerless.
Palaeoxyris appendiculata Lesq.

Stockton coal : Stanton mine.
Trigonocarpum ampullaeforme Lesq.

Maiden.
Trigonocarpum Noeggerathii (Sternb.) Brongn.

Campbells Creek and Maiden.

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE ALLEGHENY FORA/1-
ATION (PENNSYLVANIAN).

Eremopteris solida (Lesq.) D. White,

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
Cheilanthites squamosus (Lesq.) D. White.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason ; Kittanning
coal group near Clendennin.
Mariopteris Sillimanni (Brongn.) D. White.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason ; Kittanning
coal group : Graham mine near Clendennin.
Mariopteris Newberryi (Lesq.) D. White.

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
Mariopteris nervosa (Brongn.) Zeili.

Kittanning coal group on Belva-Lizemore road ; Furnace
Hollow, Wayne Co.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 443

Mariopteris sphenopteroides (Lesq.) Zeill.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason.
Sphenopteris pinnatifida (Lesq.) D. White.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House.
Sphenopteris chaerophylloides (Brongn.) Presl.

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
Sphenopteris cf. stipulata Gutb.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason.
Sphenopteris ophioglossoides (Lesq.) D. White.

Kittanning coal group : Belva-Lizemore road and near
Clendennin.
Sphenopteris (Crossotiieca) sagittatus (Lesq.) D. White.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House.
Pecopteris dentata Brongn.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House; also in
the Allegheny at Furnace Hollow, Wayne Co.
Pecopteris unita Brongn.

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin and on the Belva-
Lizemore road.
Pecopteris emarginata (Goepp.) Presl.

Kittanning coal group at Pleasant Retreat and Clendennin
(Cobb mine).
Pecopteris vestita Lesq.

Kittanning coal group, Cobb mine near Clendennin.
Pecopteris villosa Brongn. ?

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin, and Graham mine
near Mason, and along Belva-Lizemore road and near Clay
Court House; also in the Allegheny at Furnace Hollow.
Wayne County; also present on Granny Branch of Indian
Creek near Mason.
Pecopteris oreopteridia (Schloth.) Sternb.

Kittanning coal group : Graham mine near Mason ; also
in beds said to be Lower Freeport at Furnace Hollow,
Wayne County.
Pecopteris Miltoni (Artis) Sternb.

Kittanning coal group at Pleasant Retreat and near Clay
Court House.

Alethopteris pennsylvanica Lesq.

Bed said by Dr. I. C. White to be near the Lower Free-
port coal, near Furnace Hollow, Wayne County.
Callipteridium ? inaequale Lesq.

Bed said by Dr. I. C. White to be near the Lower Free-
port coal, near Furnace Hollow, W'^ayne County.
Neuropteris rarinervis Bunb.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House ; also in
beds said to be Lower Freeport at Furnace Hollow, Wayne
County.

444 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Neuropteris vermicularis Lesq.
Gunter Hollow near Mason.
Neuropteris ovata Hoffm.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason; also in Kit-
tanning coal group near Clay Court House, Pleasant Retreat
and near Clendennin.
Neuropteris fimbriata Lesq.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House.
Neuropteris Scheuchzeri Hoffm.

Furnace Hollow, Wayne County, and Granny Branch of
Indian Creek near Mason ; also from Kittanning coal group
near Clay Court House, Graham mine, Pleasant Retreat and
near Clendennin.
Neuropteris Agassizi Lesq. ?

Supposed Lower Freeport horizon in Furnace Hollow,
Wayne County.
Linopteris obliqua (Bunbury) Zeill.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House.
Odontopteris Wortheni Lesq.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason.
Odontopteris subcuneata Bunbury.

Kittanning coal group at Graham mine near Mason.
Odontopteris aequalis Lesq.

Kittanning coal group, Belva-Lizemore road.
Calamites Cistii Brongn,

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
Annularia stellata (Schloth.) Wood.

Kittanning coal group : Graham mine, Cob mine near
Clendennin ; near Clay Court House, and Pleasant Retreat.
Also reported on Granny Branch of Indian Creek near
Mason.
Annularia sphenophylloides (Zenk.) Gutb.

Kittanning coal group : Graham mine.
Annularia sphenophylloides var. intermedia Lesq.

Furnace Hollow, Wayne County.
Sphenophyllum emarginatum (Brongn.) Koenig.

Kittanning coal group ; Cob mine near Clendennin ; near
Clay Court House, and on Belva-Lizemore road. Also re-
ported on Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason.
Beds said to be Lower Freeport age, near Furnace Hollow,
Wayne County.
Sphenophyllum majus Bronn.

Kittanning coal group ; near Clendennin.
Lepidodendron modulatum Lesq.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason ; also over
"Lower Freeport" coal, at Furnace Hollow, Wayne County.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 445

Sphenophyllum majus Bronn.

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
Lepidophloios sp. D. White.

Furnace Hollow, near Huntington pike ("Lower Free-
port").
Lepidophyllum brevifolium Lesq.

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
Lepidophyllum Jennyi D. White.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason.
Lepidophyllum oblongifolium Lesq.

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin and on Belva-Lize-
more road ; also over "Lower Freeport" coal in Furnace
Hollow, Wayne County.
Lepidophyllum hastatum Lesq.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House.
Lepidocystis vescicularis Lesq.

Kittanning coal group : Belva-Lizemore road.
Sigillaria camptotaenia (Wood) Zeill.

Kittanning coal group : Belva-Lizemore road, Clendennin
near Clay Court House.
Carpolithes ellipticus Sternb.

Kittanning group : Cobb mine near Clendennin ; also re-
ported from the formation on Granny Branch of Indian
Creek near Mason.

PLANTS RECORDED FROM THE CONEMAUGH
FORMATION (PENNSYLVANIAN).

Cheilanthites (Sphenopteris) solidus (Lesq.) D. White.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
Cheilanthites obtusilobus (Brongn.) Gopp.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
Cheilanthites squamosus (Lesq.) D. White.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
Mariopteris Sillimanni (Brongn.) D. White.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
Mariopteris nervosa (Brongn.) Zeill.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
Sphenopteris minutisecta Font. & I. C. White.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
Sphenopteris (Crossotheca) ophioglossoides Lesq.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
Alethopteris Serlii. (Brongn). Gopp.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
Pecopteris unita Brongn.

Left Fork of Mill Creek. Wayne. Co.

446 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Pecopteris villosa Brongn. ?

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
Pecopteris cf. Jenneyi D. White.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
Pecopteris oreopteridia (Schloth.) Sternb.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co. ; near Lavalette.
Pecopteris Miltoni (Artis) Sternb.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
Pecopteris polymorpha Brongn.

Near Lavalette.
Pecopteris sp. D. White.

Near Lavalette.
Neuropteris ovata Hoffm.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
Neuropteris fimbriata Lesq.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
Neuropteris Scheuchzeri Hoffm.

Wheeling, and 20 feet below the Pittsburgh coal at
Bellaire, Ohio.
Sphenophyllum majus Bronn.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
Lycopodites pendulus Lesq.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
Sigillaria fissa Lesq.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
Lepidocystis vesicularis Lesq.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
CoRDAicARPON GuTBiERi (Gein.) Gr. 'Fry.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.

PLANTS RFCORDED FROM THE MONONGAHELA
FORMATION (PENNSYLVANIAN).

Mariopteris? spinulosa (Lesq.) D. White.

Wheeling, W. Va.
Alethopteris aquilina (Schloth.) Goepp.

Wheeling, W. Va.
Pecopteris unita Brogn.

Wheeling, W. Va.
Pecopteris villosa Brongn. ?

Wheeling, W. Va.
Pecopteris cf. Jenneyi D. White.

Wheeling, W. Va.
Pecopteris notata Lesq.

Redstone coal. Wheeling, W. Va.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 447

Pecopteris nodosa (Goepp.) Schimp.

Marietta, Ohio.
Dicksonites Pluckeneti (Schloth.)

Wheeling, W. Va.
Neuropteris callosa Lesq.

Pomeroy, Ohio.
Neuropteris crenulata Brongn.

Pomeroy, Ohio.
Neuropteris Grangeri Brongn.

WheeHng, W. Va., and Bellaire, Ohio.
Neuropteris Scheuchzeri Hoffm.

WheeHng, W. Va., and Bellaire, Ohio, 20 feet below Pitts-
burgh coal.
Lescuropteris Moorii (Lesq.) Schimp.

Wheeling, W. Va.
Aphlebia filiciformis (Gutb.) Schimp.

Wheeling, W. Va.
Sigillaria Menardi Brongn.

Pomeroy, Ohio.

LIST OF FOSSIL PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE
DUNKARD FORMATION* (PERMIAN).

Diplothmema pachyderma (Font. & I. C. White) D. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville, and Dents Run ; also 500 feet
above the same coal.
Sphenopteris minutisecta Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at West Union.
Sphenopteris (Cymoglossa) breviloba (Font. & I. C. W.)
D. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
Sphenopteris (Cymoglossa) Formosa (Font. & I. C. White)
D. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
Sphenopteris (Cymoglossa) lobata (Font. & I. C. White)
D. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
Sphenopteris (Cymoglossa) obtusifolia (Font. & I. C. White)
D. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville.

*For notes on the Permian-Monongahela boundary see Bull.
Geol. Soc, Amer., vol. xiv, 1903, p. 538; Geol. Survey W. Va.,
vol. II, p. 120; and the U. S. Geol. Survey, Waynesburg and
Rogersville Folios.

448 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Sphenopteris Lescuriana Meek.

Waynesburg coal at West Union.
Sphenopteris dentata Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
Sphenopteris auriculata Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
Sphenopteris foliosa Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
Sphenopteris hastata Font. & I. C. White

Waynesburg coal at West Union.
Sphenopteris hastata Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
Sphenopteris acrocarpa Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
Sphenopteris sp. ? Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
Pecopteris Pluckeneti (Schloth.) Sternb.

Waynesburg coal at West Union.
Pecopteris Pluckeneti var. constricta Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at West Union.
Pecopteris Germari (Weiss) Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at West Union and Cassville.
Pecopteris Germari var. crassinervis Font. & I. C White.

Waynesburg coal at West Union.
Pecopteris Germari var. cuspidata Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at West Union.
Pecopteris dentata var. crenata Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal^ Cassville.
Pecopteris dentata var. parva Lesq.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris pachypteroides Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) emarginata (Gopp.) D. White,

Waynesburg coal, Cassville and 800 feet higher at Bellton.
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) oblonga (Font. & I. C. White)
Miller.

Waynesburg coal, West Union.
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) Newberriana (Font. & I. C. W.)
Miller.

Waynesburg coal, West Union.
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) longifolia (Font. & I. C. W.), D.
White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) elliptica (Font. & I. C. White) D.
White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 449

Pecopteris (Goniopteris) sp.? Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg- coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) arguta (Brongn.).

Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
Pecopteris goniopteroides Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris (Goniopteris) elegans (Germ.).

W^aynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris arborescens (Schloth.) Brongn.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville, West Union, etc. ; 400 feet
above that coal at Bellton.
Pecopteris arborescens var. integripinna Font. & I. C. White.

400-600 feet above the Waynesburg coal in Monongalia,
Tyler and Marshall counties.
Pecopteris pennaeformis var. latifolia Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris Candolleana Brongn.

Waynesburg coal, West Union.
Pecopteris oreopteridia (Schloth.) Sternb.

400 feet above Waynesburg coal at Bellton.
Pecopteris rarinervis Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris imbricata Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris platynervis Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris asplenioides Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris rotundiloba Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris microphylla Brongn.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris angustipinna Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, West Union.
Pecopteris tenuinervis Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris subfalcata Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris Heeriana Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris Schimperiana Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, West Union.
Pecopteris lanceolata Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at Moundsville, and 400 feet higher at
Bellton.
Pecopteris inclinata Font. & I. C. White.

Wavnesburg coal, Cassville.

450 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Pecopteris merianoptekoides Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg" coal, Cassville, W. Va., and Crirmichaels.
Penna.
Pecopteris rotundifolia Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris sp. ? D. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris ovoides Font. & I. C. White.

400 feet above Waynesburg coal at Bellton.
Pecopteris latifolia Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville and at Bellton.
Pecopteris pteroides Brongn.

Waynesburg coal near Arnettsville.
Pecopteris Miltoni (Artis) Sternb.
Waynesburg coal, West Union.
Pecopteris polymorpha Brongn.

Cassville?
Pecopteris elliptica Bunbury.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris (Callipteridium) grandifolia (F. & I. C. W.).
D. Wliite.

Waynesburg coal : West Union, Dents Run, and George-
town.
Pecopteris (Callipteridium) oblongifolia (F. & I. C. W. ).
D. White.

Waynesburg coal at Dents Run, Georgtown and Cassville,
and 400 feet higher at Bellton.
Pecopteris (Callipteridium) odontopteroides (F. & I. C. W.)
D. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville, Georgetown and Arnetts-
ville.
Pecopteris (Callipteridium) unitum (Font. & I. C. White.)
D. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville, Georgetown and Arnetts-
ville.
Pecopteris (Callipteridium) Dawsonianum (F. & I. C. W.)
D. White.

Waynesburg coal. West Union, Cassville and Dents Run
Alethopteris virginiana Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Alethopteris gigas (Gutb.) Gein.

500 feet above Waynesburg coal at Bellton.
Callipteris conferta (Sternb.) Brongn.

Washington coal near Brown's Bridge, ^lonongalia
County.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 45I

Callipteris lyratifolia (Grand 'Eury) var. coriacea (F. &
I. C. W.) D. White.

Washington coal group near Jollytown, Pa.
Callipteris curretiensis Zeill. (F & I. C. W.) D. White.

Washington coal group near Jollytown, Pa.
Taeniopteris Lescuriana Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Taeniopteris Newberriana Font. & I : C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Taeniopteris Newberriana var. angusta Font. & I. C.White

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Neuropteris ovata Floffm. (variety).

Waynesburg coal, Cassville and Brown's Mills.
Neuropteris Gibbosa Lesq.

Waynesburg coal at Brown's Mills.
Neuropteris Planch ardi Zeill. var. longifolia (F. & I. C. W.)
D. White.

Waynesburg coal at West Union.
Neuropteris dictyopteroides F & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal at West Union and 400 feet above
Waynesburg coal at Bellton.
Neuropteris fimbriata Lesq.

Waynesburg coal at Carmichaels, Pa.
Neuropteris cordata Brongn.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville and West Union.
Neuropteris auriculata Brongn.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville and West Union, and 400
feet higher at Bellton.
Lescuropteris adiantoides Lesq.

Waynesburg coal at Georgetown.
Odontopteris Reichiana Gutb.

Waynesburg coal at Brown's Mills.
Odontopteris obtusiloba var. RARiNERVisFont. & L C. White.

400 feet above Waynesburg coal at Bellton.
Odontopteris nervosa Font. & L C. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville and West Union.
Odontopteris densifolia Font. & L C. White.

Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
Caulopteris gigantea Font. & L C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Caulopteris elliptica Font. & L C. Wliite.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Aphlebia (Rhacophyllum) laciniatum (F. & L C. White).
Sellards.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

452 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Aphlebia lactuca (Prcsl) Sterzel.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville ; West Union; also Carmi-
chels, Pa.
Aphlebia (Rhacophyllum) speciosissima (Schimp.) D.White.

Waynesburg coal, West Union, W. Va., and Carmichaels,
Pa.
Aphlebia (Rhacophyllum) filiciforimis var. majus (F & I
C. White) D. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
EouiSETiTES RUGOSUS Schimp.

Waynesburg coal, West Union.
EouiSETiTES STRiATUS Font. & L C. White.

Waynesburg coal, West Union.
Equisetites elongatus Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, West Union.
Calamites Suckowi Brongn.

Waynesburg coal. West Union and Cassville.
Nematophyllum angustum Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
Annularia radiata (Brongn.) Sternb.*

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Annularia stellata (Schloth.) Wood.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
Annularia sphenophylloides (Zenk.) Gutb.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Annularia carinata Gutb.

Waynesburg coal : Cassville, W'est Union and Bellton.
Annularia minuta Brongn.

Washington coal, Little Washington.
Sphenophyllum OBLONGiFOLiuM (Germ. & Kauf.) Ung.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Sphenophyllum longifolium (Germ.) Gein. & Gutb.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
Sphenophyllum Thoni Mahr. Washington, Pa.

Sphenophyllum Fontaineanum S. A. Mill.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
Sphenophyllum filiculme Lesq.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville and \^'est Union ; also at Car-
michaels, Pa.
Sphenophyllum tenuifolium Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
Sphenophyllum angustifolium Gutb.

Waynesburg coal at Dents Run and Wadestown.
Sphenophyllum densifolium Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

^Probably not this species.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 453

SiGiLLARiA Brardii Broiign.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Sigillaria approximata Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Arnettsville.
Cordaites crassinervis Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Baiera virginiana Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Saportaea salisburioides Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Rhabdocarpos oblongatus Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Carpolithes bicarpus Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Carpolithes marginatus Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
GuiLiELMiTES ORBICULARIS Font. & I. C. White.

Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

FOSSIL PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE CARMICH-

AELS CLAY (PLEISTOCENE) NEAR

MORGANTOWN.

Equisetum arvense L.
Potamogeton Robbinsii Oakes.
Cyperus sp. Knowlton.
Castanea pumila Mill.
Fagus ferruginea Ait.
Betula nigra L.
QuERCUS falcata Mich.
Ulmus racemosa Thomas.
Platanus occidentalis L.
Liquidambar styraciflua L.

INDEX TO PART I.

Abies 201

Canadensis 201

Fraseri 201

Abutilon 304

Abutilon 304

Ai'icennae 304

ACALYPHA 295

Virginica 295

Virginica intermedia 295

ACANTHACEAE 356

ACANTHOSTIGMA 101

decastylum 101

Acer 299

dasycaypnm 300

Negundo 3O0

nigrum 300

Pennsylvanicum .... 299

rubrum 300

saccharinum L 300

sacchannnm Wang.. 300

S'accharum 300

spicatum 300

ACERACEAE 299

acerates 332

viridiflora 332

Achillea 385

Millefolium 385

ACHNANTHES 29

lanceolata 29

ACHROANTHES 236

unifolia 236

ACONITUM 250

reclinatum 256

uncinatum 256

AcoRUS 224

Calamus 224

ACROGYNAE 165

ANACROGYNAE 164

ACTAEA 254

alba 255

rubra 254

spicata rubra 254

ACTINOMERIS 383

alternifoUa 383

ACTINONEMA 65

Rosae 65

Adiantum 192

pedatum 192

Adicea 243

pumila 243

Adlumia 262

fungosa 262

Adopogon 366

ample^.vicaulis 366

Dandelion 366

Virginicum 366

Aecidium 85

Houstonianum 78

Ilicinum 85

Impatientis 85

Ludwigiae 85

Solidaginis 85

Aesculus 300

Hava 301

glabra 300

hybrida 301

octandra 301

octandra pur-

purcsccns 301

Pavia 301

AGARICACEAE 119

Agaricus 131

arvensis 132

campester 132

Melleus 121

muscarius 131

placomyces 132

Rodmani 131

silvaticus 132

silvicola 132

Agastache 342

nepetoides 342

scrophulariaefolia . . . 342

Agrimonia 277

Brittoniana 278

Eiipatoria 277

gryposepala 278

hirsuta 277 1

mollis 278

parviflora 278

striata 278

Agropyron 215

repens 215

Agrostemma 249

Githago 249

Agrostis 211

alba 211

alba aristata 211

altissima 211

canina 211

hyemalis 211

intermedia 211

perennans 211

Agyrium 161

rufum 161

AlLANTHUS 293

glandulosa 293

AIZOACEAE 248

Aletris 229

farinosa 229

Alisma 202

Plantago-aquatica . . . 202

ALISMACEAE 202

Allium 227

Canadense 228

cernuum 228

tricoccum 228

vineale 227

Alnus 240

Alnobetula 240

incana 240

rugosa 240

serrulata 240

viridis 240

ALSINE 250

media 250

longifolia 250

pubera 250

Tennesseensis 250

Alternaria 42

Brassicae-nigrescens.. 42

Althea 303

rosea 30.3

Amanita 119

cacsarea 120

cinerea 120

farinosa 121

flavo-rubens 119

Frostii 120

Muscaria 119

allba 119

phalloides 120

polypyramis 119

rubescens 120

solitaria 120

spreta 120

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

455

spreta parva

strobiliformis

verna

vittadini

Amanitella

farinosa

Amanitopsis

nivalis

strangulata

AMARANTH ACL AE.
Amaranthus

alhus

graecizans

hybridus

hypochondriacus . . .

paniculatus

retrofiexus

spinosus

AMARYLLIDACEAE .
Amblystegium

adnatum

fluviatile

irreguum

juratskanum

orthocladon

radicalc

riparium

serpens

serpens orthocladon

varium

Ambrosia

artemisiaefolia

bidentata

trifida

trifida integrifolia . .
AMBROSIACEAE ....
Amelanchier

Botryapium

Canadensis

Canadensis oblongi-

folia

Amianthium

ninscaetoxicum

Ampelopsis

cordata

quinqucfoHa

tricuspidata

Amphicarpa

monoica

Amphisphaeria

pinicola

Amygdalus

Persica ,

ANArAMPTODON .

apiculatus

splachnoides

ANACARDIACEAE ..

120
120
119
120
121
121
121
121
121
248
248
248
248
248
248
248
248
248

2.32

18.5
18.5
186
186
186
186
186
186
186
186
186
.S69
.369
369
369
369
369
280
280
280

226
226
303

303
303
303
290
290
100
100
282
282
183
183
183
296

Anagallis

aivensis

Anaphalis

margaritacea

Andreaea

rupestris

ANDREAEACEAE .
Andromeda

floribttnda

ligMStrina pubescens .

Mariana

Andropogon

furcatus

scoparius

Virginicus

Anemone

Canadensis

cylindrica

nemorosa

Pennsylvanica

quinquefolia

trifolia

Virginiana

Aneura

latifolia

Angelica

atropurpurea

Curtisii

hirsuta

villosa

Anomodon

attenuatus

obtusifolius

rostratus

ANONACEAE

Antennaria

fallax

neodioica

Parlinii

plantaginifolia

propinqua

sojitaria

Anthemis

arvensis

Cotula

ANTHOCERATA-

CEAE

Anthoceros

laevis

punctatus

Anthostoma 90

discincola

microecium

microplacum

Anthoxanthum

odoratum

328
328
379
379
172
172
172
324
324
324
324
203
203
203
205
256
256
256
256
256
256
255
256
164

164
315
315
315
315
315
185
185
185
185
253
378
378
378
378
378
378
378
385
385
385

171

172

172

172

, 93

90

93

94

209

209

Anychia 251

Canadensis 251

capillacea 251

dichotoma 251

divaricata 251

polygonoides 251

Aphanorrhegma 178

serratum 178

Apiiyllon 355

iiniAorum 355

APIACEAE 315

Apios 290

Apios 290

tuberosa 290

Apisporium 89

pelliculosum 89

Aplectrum 230

hyemale 236

spicatum 236

Aplosia 165

autumnale 165

APOCYNACEAE .... 331

Apocynum 331

album 331

androsaemifolium . . 331

cannabinum 331

pubescens 331

Aponectria 104

inaurata 104

APOSPHAERIA .* 56

pezizoides 56

AQUIFOLIACEAE . . 298

Aquillegia, 255

Canadensis 255

Arabis 267

Canadensis 267

Laevigata 267

lyrata 267

patena 267

ARACEAE 223

Aralia 314

hispida 314

nudicaulis 314

racemosa 314

spinosa 314

trifolia 314

.\RALIACEAE 314

.\rchangelica 315

atropurpurea 315

Archilejeunea 171

calypeata 171

Arctium 387

Lappa 387

minus 387

Arcyria 30

cinerea 30

nutans 31

punicea 30

456

Arenaria 251

seipyllifolia 251

Arisaema 223

Dracontium 223

triphyllum 223

Aristida 209

dichotoma 209

gracilis 209

lanata 209

lanosa 209

oligantha 209

Aristolochia 245

macrophylla 245

serpentaria 245

Sipho 245

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE. 244

Armillaria 121

Mellea 121

Aronia 279

arbutifolia 279

nigra 280

Arrhenantherum .... 211

avenaceurn 211

elatius 211

Artemisia 386

annua 386

Arthonia 161

aleuromela 161

astroidea 161

cinnabarina 161

dispersa 161

punctiformis 161

spectabilis 161

taediosa 161

Aruncus 273

Aruncus 273

Asarum 244

Canadense 244

Shuftleworthii 244

Virginicum 244

Aschersonia 70

ASCLEPIADACEAE.. 331

Asclepias 331

amplexicaulis 332

Cornuti 332

exaltata 332

incarnata 332

obtusifoUa 332

phytolaccoides 332

pulchra 332

purpurascens 332

quadrifolia 332

rubra 331

Syriaca 332

tuberosa 331

variegata 332

ASCOBOLACEAE .... 114

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

.VSCOBOLUS

114

carbonarius

114

furfuraceus

114

ASCOCHYTA

65

Clematidina

65

ASCOPHANUS

114

115

granuliforinis

114

ASCYRUM

304

Crux-Andreae

304

hypericoides

304

253

253

229

229

Aspergillus

32

33

glaucus

32

glaucus oblongisporus.

32

Aspidium

194

acrostichoides

195

acrostichoides

Schweinitsii

195

195

195

194

Goldieaniim

195

195

Novaeboracensc

194

194

spinulosum interme-

194

spinulosuin dilatatum .

195

Thelypteris

194

Asplenium

19'^

angustifolium

193

193

Filix-foemina

193

montanum

193

pinnatifidum

193

platyneuron

193

thelypteroides

193

Trichomanes

193

Tricliomanes incisum

193

9Ae,

Hystrix

216

375

acuminatus

377

375

375

corymbosus

376

dcpauperatiis pusilhts

376

376

376

376

376

ericoides depauperatus

376

ericoides pilosus. . . . 376

ericoides pusilhts. . . . 376

ericoides villosus. . . . 376

Faxoni 376

hirsuticaulis 376

infirnius 378

laevis 375

lateriflorus 376

Imariifolius 378

Lowrieanus 375

Lowrieanus lancifol-

ius 375

macrophyllus 375

miser 376

multiflorus 376

Novae-Angliae 377

Novi-Belgii 377

paniculatus 377

patens 375

phlogifolius 375

polyphyllus 376

prenanthoides 377

puniceus 377

puniceus firmus 377

purpuratus 376

sagittifolius 375

salicifolius 377

Sliortii 377

simplex 377

Tradescanti 376

umbellatus 378

undulatus 375

vimineus 376

vimineus foliosus.... 376

virgatus 376

asterina 89

Leemingii 89

.\sterostoma 148

cervicolor 148

corticolum 148

Astilbe 269

biternata 269

decandra 269

Astragalus 287

Canadensis 287

Carolinianus 287

distortus 287

ASTROPHYLLUM 180

hornttm 180

punctatum 180

rostratum 180

syh'aticuni 180

Athyrium 193

Filix-foemina 193

Filix-foemina pe-

ctinatum 193

thelypteroides 193

Atragene

•'.3S

Americana

Atrichum

25S
182

angustatum

182

uiidnlatum

182

AULACOMNIACE AE .

AULACOMNIUM

heterostichum

AURANTIPORUS

Pilotae

180
180
180
130
136

AURICULARIA

149

Auricula

AVENA

149
212

f atua

212

Azalea

arborescens

canescens

322
322
322

lutea

323
323

323

viscosa glauca

viscosa nitida

Baccillus

323
323

27

acidi-lactici

amylivorus

27
27

subtilis

27

tuberculosis

27

27

Bacterium

28

Lineola

28
28
46
46
158
158
' 158
301
284
284
284
284
264
264
264
264
177
177
177
177
177
177
330
330
180
180
1«1
180

Bacteridium

flavum

Baeomyces

aeruginosus

roseus

BALSAMINACEAE ..
Baptisia

australis

tinctoria

villosa

Barbarea

Barbarea

praecox

Barbula

caespitosa

humilis

muralis

tortuosa

iinguicitlata

Bartonia

Virginica

Bartramia

pomiformis

pomiformis crispa. . . .

bartramiaceae ..

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL

Bazzania 168

deflexa 168

triangularis 168

trilobata 163

Bellincinia 170

platyphylla 170

Porella 170

Bellis 375

perennis 375

Belonidium 114

aurelia 114

Benzoin 261

Benzoin 261

BERBERIDACEAE .. 260

Berberis 260

Canadensis 260

vulgaris 260

Betula 239

lenta 239

lenta X lucida 239

lutea 240

nigra 240

populifolia 240

BETULACEAE 239

BlATORA \s%

atrogrisea 159

fuliginosa 159

granulosa 159

hypnophila 159

inundata 159

Laureri 159

rubella 159

russula 158

Russellii 159

Schweinitzii 159

suffusa 159

uliginosa 159

varians 159

vernalis 159

BiCUCULLA 262

Canadensis 262

Cucullaria 262

eximina 262

Bidens 384

bipinnata 384

cernua 384

chrysanthemoides . . . 384

comosa 384

connata 384

frondosa L 384

frondosa Torr 384

laevis 384

melanocarpa 384

trichosperma 384

BiGNONIA 356

capreolatm 356

erucigera 356

BIGNONIACEAE ... 355

SURVEY 457

Bjerkandera 135

adusta 135

Blephariglottis 234

ciliaris 234

lacera 234

peramoena 234

psycodes 234

Blepharostoma 165

trichophyllum 165

Blephilia 314

ciliata 345

liirsuta 344

BOEHMERIA 243

cylindrica 243

cylindrica scabra.... 243

Boletus 133

affinis 134

auriiiammeus 133

bicolor 134

chromapes 133

chrysentron 134

cyanescens 133

edulis 134

eximius 134

gracilis 133

nigrcUits 133

parasiticus 134

Ravenelii 134

separans 134

speciosus 134

BoMBARDiA 93

fasciculata 93

BORAGINACEAE ... 337

BOTRYCHIUM 190

Matricariae 190

obliquum 190

silaifolium 190

ternatum 190

ternatnin australe. . . 190

Virginianum 190

BOTRYODIPLODIA 65 "

Acerina 65

BOTRYOSPHAERIA 96

Araliae 97

fuliginosa 63

Hibisci 97

pyriospora 97

Quercuum 96

BOTRYOSPORIUM 32

pulchrum 32

BOTRYTIS 33

olivacea 33

torta 33

vulgaris 33

BoviSTA 25

lepidophora 25

pila 25

458

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

BOVISTELLA

Ohioense

BOYKINIA .

25

2G9

aconitifolia 269

Brachychaeta 374

cordata 374

sphacelata 374

Brachyelytrum 210

aristatuin 210

erectum 210

erectum glabratum.. 210

BRACHYTHECIACEAE

189

Brachythecium 189

acuminatum 189

digastrum 189

luteum 189

plumosum 189

rivulare 189

salebrosiDii 188

Brassica 263

arvensis 264

nigra

263

Sinapistrtim 264

BRASSICACEAE .... 263

Brauneria 382

purpurea 382

Bremia 27

Lactucae 27

Bromus 215

cjliatus 215

hordaceus 215

intermis 215

mollis 215

racemosus 215

secalinus 215

Broomella 105

Ravenelii 105

Broussonetia 243

papyrifera 243

Brunella 342

'c'ulgaris 342

vulgaris albiHora.... 342

BRYACEAE 179

Bryum 179

argenteum 179

bimum 179

caespiticium 179

capillare 179

intermedium 179

proliferum 179

pseudotriquetrum ... 179

fiyriforiuc 180

roseuin 179

Buchnera 354

Americana 354

Buellia

colludens

myriocarpa

petraea

Bulgaria

inquinans

BULGARIACEAE . .
Bursa

Bursa-pastoris ....

Butneria

fertilis

florida

lacvigatus

BUXACEAE

Buxbaumia

aphylla

BUXBAUMI ACE AE .
Cacalia

atrit^licifolia

reniformis .

suaveolcns .

CACTACEAE

Caeoma

nitens

CAESALPINIACEAE.
Calamagrostis

cinnoides

Calamintha

Clinopodium

vulgare

CALICIACEAE

Calicium

subtile

tigillare

CALLITRICHACEAE .
Callitriche

heterophylla

Cai.ocera

viscosa

Calopogon

pulchellus

Calospora

aculeans

Rlioina

Caltha

palustris

CALYCANTH ACE AE .
Calycanthus

fertilis . .
floridus .
Calypogeia

trichomanis .
Camarosporium

Linderae . . . .
Camassia

Fraseri

160
160
160
160
116
116
116
266
266
261
261
261
261
296
181
181
181
386
386
386
387
309
86
86
282
211
211
345
345
345
161
161
161
161

296
296
296
149
149
236
236
102
102
102
254
254
261
261
261
261
168
168
66
66
229
229

Camelina 266

microcarpa 266

sativa 266

Campunula 364

Americana 364

aparinoides 364

divaricata 364

rotundifolia 364

CAMPANULACEAK... .364

Camptosorus 193

rhizoiihyllus 193

Campylium 186

chrysophyllum 186

hispidulum 186

tenellum 186

Campylopus 175

Hexuoiisus 175

Cannabis 243

sativa 243

Cantiiarellus 126

aurantiacus 126

cibarius 126

cinnabarinus 126

floccosus 126

infundibuliformis 126

minor 126

tubaeformis 126

Wrightii 126

Capnoides 262

aureum 263

flavulum 263

sempervirens 262

Capnodium 89

pelliculosnin 89

CAPPARIDACEAE. ... 267

CAPRIFOLI ACEAE. . . 360

Capsella 266

Biirsn-pastoris 266

Cardamine 265

bulbosa 265

birsuta 265

parviflora 265

Pennsylvanica 265

pratensis 265

purpurea 265

rhomboidca 265

rhomboidea purpurea. 265

rotundifolia 265

CARDQACEAE 370

Carduus 388

altissimus 388

arvensis 388

discolor 388

lanceolatus 388

Muticus 388

odoratur, 388

Virginianus 388

WEST \"IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

459

Carex 219

amphibola 221

AsaGrayi 219

Baileyi 220

Bicknellii 223

brunnescens 223

brunnescens gracilior. 223

canescens vulgaris.. 223

cephalophora 223

cotninunis 222

costellata 220

crinita 220

crinita X prasina... 220

dcbilis Rudgei 221

digitalis 221

folliculata 219

Frankii 220

Fraseri 262

glaucodea 221

gracillima 221

granularis 221

Grayii 219

grisea angustifolia. . . 221

Hitchcockiana 221

intumescens 219

Jamesii 222

laxiculmis 221

laxiflora 221

laxiflora latifolia. . . . 221

laxiflora patuliflora. . 221

Icptalca 222

lupulina 220

lurida 220

Mulilenbergia var. . . 223
Muhlenbergia Xalapen-

sis 223

oblita 221

oligocarpa 221

pedicellata 222

Pennsylvanica 221

plantaginea 221

platyphylla 221

t'olytrichoidcs S21

prasina 220

retroflexa 223

rosea 222

rosea radiata 222

scabrata 223

scoparia 223

Shortiana 220

sparganoides 223

squarrosa 220

stcnolepis 220

stipata 222

straminea 223

striata 220

tentacula 220

tenuis 221

torta

tribuloides

tribuloides turbata.

triceps

typhnoides

utriculata

varia

venjtsta minor . . .

virescens

viresccns costata. .

vulpinoidea

Carpinus

Caroliniana

Carya

alba

amara

microcarpa

porcina

sulcata

tomcntosa

CARYOPHYLLACEAE
Caryospora

putaminum

Cassia

Chamaecrista

Marylandica

Medsgeri

nictitans

nictitans commixta. .
Castalia

odorata

Castanea

dentata

pumila

vesca Americana . . .
Castilleja

coccinea

Catalpa

bignonioides

Catalpa

speciosa

Catharinaea

Angustata

undulata

Caulophyllum

thalictroides

Ceanothus

Americanus

Cedronella

cordata

CELASTRACEAE
Celastrus

scandens

Celtis

occidentalis . . . .

pumila

220
223
223
220
220
220
221
221
220
220
222

239
239
237
237
237
237
237
237
237

249
102
102
282
283
282
283
283
283
252
252
240
240
240
240
354
354
356
356
356
356
182
182
182
260
260
302
302
342
342
298
299
299
242
242
242

Cenangella 115

Aceris 115

Cenchrus 208

tribuloides 208

Centaurea 388

nigra 388

Cephalanthus 358

occidentalis 358

Cephalothecium 34

roseum 34

Cephalozia 167

curvifolia 167

lunulaefolia 167

multiflora 107

serriflora 167

Virginiana 167

Cerastium 250

arvense 251

longepedunculatum. . . 251

nutans 251

viscosum 251

vulgatum 250

Ceratiomyxa 29

fruticulosal 29

Ceratium 43

hydtroides 43

Ceratodon 173

purpureas 173

Cercis 282

Canadensis 282

Cercospora 38

acalyphae 39

ageratoides 39

Ampelopsidis 39

Anthelmintica 39

Armoraciae 38

Avicularis 38

beticola 38

Boehmeriae 38

Caulophylli 38

Chionanthi 39

citrullina 40

columnaris 40

depazeoides 40

Diantherae 38

dubia 38

granuliformis 38

Kalmiae 39

Menispermi 39

oculata 38

Oenotherae 39

omphacodes 38

Rubi 40

septorioides 39

Smilacina 40

Smilacis 40

Veronicae 38

Yiolae 38

460

Ceriomyces 133

affinis 134

aurifiammeus 133

bicolor 134

chiomapes 133

• communis 134

crassus 134

crassus separans.... 134

eximius . 134

parasiticus 134

speciosus 134

Cerrena 140

unicolor 140

Cetraria 151

aurescens 151

ciliaris 151

Islandica 151

lacunosa 151

Oakesiana spinulosa. . 151

Chaerophyllum 318

procumbens 318

Chaetochloa 208

glauca 208

imberbis 208

Italica 208

viridis 208

Chamaecrista 283

nictitans commixta... 283

Chamaelirium 226

luteum 226

Chamaenerion 311

angustifoHum 311

Chamaesyce 294

glyptosperma

pubescens 294

maculata 294

Preslii 294

Cheilanthes 192

Feci 192

lanosa 192

lanuginosa 192

tomentosa 192

vestita 192

Cheilolejeunea 170

phyllobola 170

Chelidonium 262

majus 262

Chelonb 351

glabra 351

obliqua 351

CHENOPODIACEAE 247

Chenopodium 247

album 247

album viride 247

ambrosioides 247

anthelminticum .... 247

Botrys 247

glaucum 247

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

hybridum 247

murale 247

urbicum 247

Chilocyphus 166

pallescens J.66

polyanthus 166

Chimaphila 321

maculata 322

umbellata 321

Chiogenes 326

hispidula 326

Chionanthus 329

Virginica 329

Chlorosplenium 112

aeruginosum 112

Schweinitzii 112

versiforme 112

Chondrilla 366

juncea 366

Chrosperma 226

muscaetoxicum 226

Chrysanthemum .... 385

Leucanthemura 385

Chrysogonum 380

Virginianum 380

Chrysopogon 205

avenaceum^ 205

nutans 205

Chrysopsis 372

mariana 372

Chrysosplenium 269

Americanum 269

ClBARIA 109

jviglandis 109

CICHORIACEAE 366

Cichorium 366

Intybus 366

CiCUTA 319

bulbifera 319

maculata 319

Cimicifuga 255

Americana 255

racemosa 255

CiNNA 210

arundinacea 210

latifolia 2l0

pendula 210

Circaea 313

alpinai' 313

Lutetiana 313

Cirriphyllum 190

Bosci 190

CiRSiuM 388

pumilum 383

Cissus 303

CISTACEAE 306

CiTRULLUS 363

Citrullus 363

vulgaris 363

Cladonia 157

caespiticia 158

cariosa 157

coccifera pleurota... 157

cristatella 158

deformis 157

delicata 158

fimbriata 157

fimbriata tubaeformis 157

furcata racemosa.... 153

gracilis 157

gracilis verticillata. . . 157

macilenta 158

mitrula 157

papillaria 158

polycdrpa epiphylla.. 157

pulchella 158

pyxidiata 157

rangiferina 158

sobolescens 158

squamosa 158

squamosa denticollis. . 158

strepsilis 157

subcariosa 157

sylvatica laxiuscula. . 157

sylvestris 158

turgida 157

uncialis 158

verticillata 157

CLADONIACEAE ... 157

Cladosporium 36

corynitrichum 36

epimyces 36

epiphyllum 36

herbarium 36

herbarium fasciculare 36

nigrellum 36

Triostei 36

Clasterosporium 37

cornutum 37

sigmoideum 37

Clauoopus ^ 130

byssisedus 130

variabilis 130

Clavaria 148

amythistina 148

flaccida 148

formosa 148

fusciformis 148

juncea 149

mucida 149

pyxidata 148

CLAVARIACEAE ... 148

Claytonia 249

Caroliniana 24S

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

461

Virginica 249

Clematis 257

ovata 258

VerticiUais 258

Viorna 258

Virginian a 257

Cleome 267

pungens 267

spinosa 267

Clethra 321

acuminata 321

CLETHRACEAE 321

CLIMACIACEAE .... 182

Climacium 182

Americanum 182

Americanum Kind-

bergii 182

Clinopodium 345

Calamintha 345

vulgare 345

Clintonia' 229

borealis 220

umbellulata 230

Clitocybe 122

candicans 122

ceru?sata 122

cyathiformis 122

dealbata 122

illudens 122

infundibuliformis . . . 122

laccata 122

nebularis 122

odora 122

Clitopilus 129

abortfvus 129

orcella 129

prunulus 129

Coenogonium 159

interpositum 159

COLEOSPORIUM 84

Campanulae 85

Helianthi 85

Ipomoeae 84

Senecionis 84

-SoHdaginis 85

Sonchi 84

Vernoniae 84

Collema 155

flaccidum 155

myochroum 155

COLLEMACEAE .... 154

COLLETOTRICHUM 74

lagenarium 74

Lindemuthianum .... 74

lineola 74

COLLINSIA 351

verna 851

I COLLINSONIA

Canadensis

COLLYBIA

butyracea

cirrhata

confluens

conigenoides

dryophila

maculata

platyphylla

radicata

stipitaria

velutipes

CoLLYBIDIUM

velutipes

COLLYBIOPSIS

ramealis

COLOLEJEUNEA

Biddlecomiae . . . .

COMATRICHA

Friesiana

COMMELINA

\'irginica

COMMELINACEAE
COMPOSITAE

COMPTONIA ,

peregrina

CONIOPHORA

olivacea

CONIOSPORIUM

Harknesioides . . . .

CONIOTHYRIUM

concentricum

Fuckelii

Pirina

CONOCEPHALUM

conicum

CONOCEPHALUS

conicus

CONOCYEE

hypnorum

tener

CONOPHOLIS

Americana

CONVALLARIA

majalis

CONVALLARIACEAE
CONVOLVULACEAE.
Convolvulus

repens

Sepium

spithameus

COPRINUS

angulatus

domesticus

ephemerus

micaceus

347

347

122

122

122

122

122

122

122

122

123

123

123

123

123

127

127

170

170

30

30

225

225

224

366

239

239

148

148

34

34

63

63

63

63

163

163

163

163

130

130

130

355

355

231

231

229

333

334

334

334

334

132

133

132

133

132

semilanatus 133

variegatus I32

CoPTis 254

trifolia 254

CORALLORHIZA 236

Corallorhiza 236

innata 236

multiflora 236

odontorrhiza 236

CORDYCEPS 105

militaris 105

ophioglossoides 106

parasitica 106

COREMA 296

Conradi 296

Coreopsis 333

auriculata 383

lanceolata villosa.... 383

major 333

major stellata 383

pubescens 383

scnifolia 333

stellata 383

trichosperma 384

tripteris 384

CORIOLELLUS 139

Sepium 139

CORIOLUS 138

abietinus 138

nigromarginatus .... 139

prolificans 138

pubescens 138

veriscolor 138

CORNACEAE 320

CORNUS 320

alternifolia 32o

Amomum 320

Canadensis 320

candidissima 320

circinata 320

florida 320

paniculafa 320

scricea 320

stolonifera 320

CORTICIUM 146

alboflavescens 146

arachnoideum 146

colliculosum 147

globiferuni 146

incarnatum 147

leptaleum 147

leve 146

lilacino-fuscum 147

lilacinum 147

Martianum 147

Oakesii 146

ochraceuni 147

462

Petersii

prasinum

radiosum

salicinum

scutellave

subgiganteum

CORTINARIUS

armihatus

caerulescens

cinnamomeus

pholideus

purpurascens

rodes

torvus

violaceus

CORYLUS

Americana

rostrata

CORYNE

sarcoides

urnalis

CORYNEUM

cupulatum

pustulatum

COTINUS

cotinoides

Cracca

Virginiana

CRASSULACEAE . . .
Crataegus

amara

apiifolia

Brownii

coccinea

coccinca mollis. . . .

cordata

Crus-galli

flava

foetida

Holmesiana

macrantha

macrosperma forma

Margaretta

mollis

Oxyacantha

pan'iflora

pausiaca

pruniosa

punctata

Roanensis

rotundifolia

spatlnilata

straminea

succulenta

tomentosa

uniflora

Craterocolla

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

147
147
146

146
147
147
131
131
131
131
131
131
131
131
131
239
239
239
116
116
116
75
75
75
297
297
286
286
268
280
280
281
280
281
281
281
281
281
280
280
280
280
280
281
281
281
280
280
281
280
282
280
280
280
281
281
149

clavus 149

Creonectria 103

coccinea 104

purpurea 103

Crepidotus 130

applanatus 131

calolepis 131

fuk'otomcntosns .... 131

herbarum 131

malachius 131

putrigenus 131

versutus 131

Crepis 368

capillaris 36S

Cribaria 30

aurantiaca 30

Crinipellus 122

stipitaria 122

Crucibulum 24

vulgare 24

CRUCIFERAE 263

Cryptosporella 97

coinpacta 97

Cryptospora 103

cinctula 103

femoralis 103

trichospora 103

Cryptotaenia 319

Canadensis 319

CUBELIUM

concolor

309
309

CucuMis 363

Melo 363

CuCURBITA 363

ovifera 363

CUCURBITACEAE . . 363

CUCURBITARIA 103

elongata 103

Fraxini 103

CUNILA 346

Mariana 346

origanoides 346

CUPHAEA 310

viscosissima 310

CuscuTA 335

arvensis 335

Epithymvim 335

glomcrata 335

Gronovii 335

paradoxa 335

trifolii 335

CUSCUTACEAE .... 335

Cyathicula Ill

quisquillaris HI

Cylindrocolla 45

dendroctonii 45

flagellaris 46 I

lactca 46

Cylindrosporium 74

Crategi 74

Toxicodendri 71

Cylindrothecium .... 184

cladorrhisans 184

scductrix 184

Cymbalaria 351

Cymbalaria 351

Cymbella 28

gastroides ~8

turgida 28

Cynoctonum 329

Mitreola 329

Cynoglossum 337

officinale 337

Virginicum 337

Cynosurus 214

cristatus 21'1

CYPERACEAE 217

Cyperus 217

diandrus 217

esculentus 217

filiculmis 217

flavescens 217

Lancastriensis 217

ovularis ■^^'

refractus 217

retrofractus 217

rivularis 217

strigosus 217

Cypripedium 233

acaule 233

hirsutum 233

parviflorum 233

pubcsccns 233

Cystopteris 196

bulbifera 196

fragilis 196

Cystopus 26

Bliti 26

candidus 26

Ipomoeae-panduratae. 26

Portulacae 20

Tragopogonis 26

Cytisus 284

OQ J.

scopanus ~o*

Cytospora '^9

Betulina 61

carphosperma 61

caryigena 60

Celtidis o9

ceratophora 61

coccinea 61

Curryi "1

exasperans 59

Halesiae 59

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

leucosperma 61

leucostoma- 59

orthospora 61

Persicae GO

Platani 61

Rhoina 60

Rhois-hirtae 60

Salicis 61

Sassafras 60

tumulosa 60

Cytosporella 59

carnea 59

Dacryomyces 150

corticioides 150

deliquescens 150

minor 150

stellatus 150

Syringae 150

Dactylis 214

glomerata 314

Dactylium 34

dendroides 34

Dactyloctenium 213

Aegyptium 213

Daedalia 140

Aesculi 140

ambig'iia 140

confragosa 140

nnicolor . ., 140

Dalibarda 376

repens 376

Daldinia 96

concentrica 96

vernicosa 96

Danthonia 213

compressa 212

spicata 212

Dasyscypha 113

Ellisiana 113

luteola 113

virginea 113

Dasystoma 353

flava 353

laevigata 353

Pedicularia 353

Virginica 353

Datura 349

Stramonium 349

Tatula 349

Daucus 315

Carota 315

Carota rosea 315

Delphinium 255

Ajacis 255

consolida 256

tricorne 255

tricorne albiflora . . . 255

DEMATIACEAE

Dendrodochium

affine

rubellum microsporum
Dendrophoma

Therryana

Dennstaedtia

piinctilobula

Dentaria

diphylla

heterophylla

laciniata

faciniata integrifolia.

laciniata multifida . .
Deringa

Canadensis

Dermatba

Chionanthi

lobata

Rubi

DERMATEACEAE . .
Dermatella

viticola

Desmatodon

Porteri

Desmodium

acuminatum

Canadense

canesccns

ciliare

cuspidatum

Dillenii

laevigatum

lineatiim

Marylandicum . . .

nudiflorum

ochroleiicum . . . .

paniculatum

paiiciflorwn

rigidum

rotitndifolium . . .
Diachea

leucopoda

Dianthera

Americana

Dianthus

Armeria

DIAPENSIACEAE
Diaporthe

Araliae

Aceris

aculeata

cercophora

Gladioli

Halesiae

Hydrangae

obscura

34
44
44
44
56
56
196
196
265
365
366
266
266
266
319
319
115
115
115
115
115
114
114
177
177
287
287
288
288
288
288
288
388
389
289
287
288
288
287
288
288
30
30
356
356
250
250
837

99
100
99
98
98
99
100

99

99

99

100

313
diandra 213

oncostoma
sociata ....
Tetrapterae
rostellata
Diarrhena . .

DIATOMACEAE . . .
Diatrype

platystoma

Stigma

virescens

Diatrypella

verruciformis

DiCHROPHYLLUM 294

marginatum 294

DiCKSONIA 196

punctilobiila 196

DICRANACEAE 173

DiCRANELLA 173

heteromala 173

rufescens 173

varia 173

DiCRANODONTIUM 174

denudatum 174

Millspaughii 175

Virginicus 174

DiCRANUM 174

Drummondii 174

flagellare 174

fulvum 174

fuscesens 174

longifolium 174

174

174

97

97

29

montanum

scoparium

DiDYMELLA

Physocarpl

DiDYMIUM

squamulosum 29

DiERVILLA 362

Diervilla 362

trifida 362

Digitalis 354

purpurea 354

DiMEROSPORIUM 89

Collinsii 89

Galactis 89

DiNEMASPORIUM 71

hispidulum 71

DiODiA 359

teres 359

DiOSCOREA 233

glauca 233

villosa 333

DIOSCOREACEAE . . 232

DiosPYROS 328

Virginiana 328

464

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

DiPHYSCIUM 181

foliosHin 181

DiPLODIA 63

atrata 64

caryigena 64

Cercidis 64

ilicicola 64

infuscans «■!

inquinans 64

Juglandis 64

Liriodendri 63

Maydis 64

paraphysata 65

Rubi 64

Salicina 63

viticola 64

DiPLOPHYLLEIA 169

taxifolia 169

DiPLOPHYLLUM 169

taxifolium 169

DIPSACACEAE 363

DiPSAcus 363

sylvestris 363

DiRCA 309

palustris 309

DiscosiA 71

Artoceras 71

maculicola 71

rugulosa 71

DispoRUM 230

lanuginosum

230

DiTRICHUM 173

pallidum 173

tortile 173

DODECATHEON 328

Meadia 328

DOELLINGERIA 378

infirma 378

umbellata 378

DOTHIDACEAE .... 106

DOTHIDELLA 106

Ulmae 106

DOTHIORELLA 58

Asiminae 58

glandulosa 58

minor 58

Draba 266

ramosissima 266

verna 266

Drosera 267

rotundifolia 267

DROCERACEAE 267

Drummondia 177

clavellata 177

DRUPACEAE 282

Drymocallis

arguta

Dryopteris

cristata

Filix-mas

fragrans

Goldieana

marginalis

Noveboracensis

simulata

spinulosa

spinulosa intermedia

spinulosa dilatata . .

Thelypteris

Duchesnea

Indica

DULICHIUM

arundinaceum

spathaceum

Durella

commutata

Eatonia

nitida

obtusata

Pennsylvanica

EBENACEAE

Echinacea

purpurea

EcHINOCHLOA

Criis-galli

Walteri

Echinospermum

Virginicvm

Echium

vulgare

ECLIPTA

alba

erecta

proctimbens

Eleocharis

acicularis

obtusa

ovata

palustris

palustris glaucescens.

tenuis

tricostata

tuberculosa

Elephantopus

Carolinianus

tomentosus

Eleusine

Indica

Elfvingia

fomentaria

megaloma

276
276
194
195
195
194
195
195
194
195
194
194
195
194

276
276
217
217
217
117
117
213
213
213
213
32S
382
382
208
208
208
338
338
339
339
381
881
381
381
218
218
218
218
218
218
218
218
218
370
370
371
212
212
137
137
137

Elodea 203

Canadensis .: 203

Elymus 216

Canadensis glauci-

folius 216

hirsutiglumis 216

intermedius 216

striatus 216

striatus villosus .... 216

Virginicus 216

EMPETRACEAE 296

Empusa 27

Grylli 27

muscae 27

Encalypta 176

streptocarpa 176

ENCALYPTACEAE .. 176

Endocarpon 162

miniatum 162

miniatum com-

plicatum 162

miniatum Muhlen-

bergii 162

Entodon 184

cladorrhizans 184

paJatintts 183

seductrix 184

ENTODONACEAE . . 183

Entoloma 129

rhodopolia 129

sericea 129

sericella 129

strictior 129

ENTOMOPHTHOR-

ACEAE 27

Entomosporium 71

maculatum 71

Entyi.oma 77

Floerkeae 77

Menispermi 77

Ephebe 157

lanata 157

pitbescens 157

Ephemerum 178

crassinervium 178

Epicoccum 48

Duriaeanum 48

neglectum 48

jiurpurascens 48

Epidochium 48

melanochlorum 48

Epifagus 355

Virginiana 355

Epigaea 325

repens 325

Epilobium 311

adenocaulon 311

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

465

coloratum

lineare

spicatum

EQUISETACEAE
Equisetum

arvense

hyemale

laevigatum

sylvaticum

Eragrostis

capillaris

Eragrostis

Frankii

hypnoides

major

minor

pectinacea

pilosa

Purshii

reptans

Erechtites

hieracifolia

ERICACfiAE

Erigenia

bulbosa

Erigeron

annuus

hellidif alius

Philadelphicus

pulchellus

ramosus

strigosus

Erinella

minioposis

Eriogonum

Alleni

Eriophorum

Virginicum

Eryngium

aquaticum

yitccaefolium

Erysimum

cheiranthoides

Erysiphe

aggregata

Cichoriacearum

communis

graminis

Liriodendri

Polygont

Erythronium

albidum

Americanum

EUONYMIJS

Americanus

Americanus obovatus

atropurpureus

311
311

311

197
197
197
197
197
197
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
213
386
386
322
320
320
377
377
377
377
377
377
377
114
114
245
245
219
219
318
318
318
267
267

89
89
228
229
228
298
299
299
298

obovatus

EUPATORIUM

ageratoides

altissimum

aromaticum

coelestinum

hyssopifolium

maculatum

maculatum amoenum .

perfoliatum

pubescens

purpureum

sessilifolium

trifoliatum

Euphorbia

conumitata

corollata

Cyparissias

Darlingtonii

dentata

glyptosperma pubes-
cens

Lathyrus

maciilata

marginata

obtusata

Preslii

EUPHORBIACEAE .

EUROTIUM

• herbariorum

EUTHAMIA

Caroliniana

graminifolia

EUTYPA

milliaria

spinosa

EUTYPELLA

densissima

Platani

rugiella

stellulata

Evernia ,

furfviracea

EXCIPULACEAE ...
Exidia

alba

glandulosa

ExoAscus

deformans

Pruni

Exobasidium

Rhododendri

FABRONIACEAE . ,

FAGACEAE

Faggpyrum

esculentum

Fagopyrum

299
371
371
371
371
372
371
371
371
371
371
371
371
371
294
295
294
295
295
295

294
295
294
294
295
294
294

374

374

374

92

92

92

92

92

92

92

92

152

152

71

149

149

149

lis

118
118
14§
148
183
240
246
246
246

Fagus 240

j\mericana 240

ferruginea 240

Falcata 290

comosa 290

Favolus 141

Europaeus 141

Festuca 215

elatior 215

nutans 215

octoflora 215

ovina 215

pratensis 215

tenella 215

Ficus 242

carica 242

FILICES 191

FiLix 196

bulbifera 196

fragilis 196

Fimbristylis 218

autumnalis 218

FiSSIDENS 176

adiantoides 176

decipiens 176

minutulus 176

obtusilonus 176

subbasilaris 176

FISSIDENTACEAE .. 176

FiSTULINA 134

hepatfca 134

Flammula 130

flavida 130

Floerkea 296

proserpinacoides .... 296

Fomes 137

applanatus 137

carneus 138

fomentarins 137

lucidus 137

pinicola 137

rimosus 137

roseus 138

ungulatus 137

volvatus 137

FONTINALACEAE . . 182

FONTINALIS 182

Dalecarlica 182

Fossombrgnia 165

Wondraczeckii 165

Fragaria 276

Indica 276

vesca 276

Virginiana 276

Fraxinus 328

Americana 328

lanceolata 328

466

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

nigra

328

171
171

Pennsylvanica 328

pubescens 328

sambucifolia 328

viridis 328

Frullania l'''!

Asa-Grayana 1~1^

Brittonae 1"!

eboracensis

plana

riparia I'i^l

squarrosa l'''!

FUMARIA 263

officinalis 363

FUNARIA l''^8

flavicans ■'''S

hygrometrica 1"S

hygrometrica patula

FUNARIACEAE . . .

FUSARIUM

aleurinum

culmorum

Oxydendri 47

roseum 47

sarcochroum 47

Solani 47

FucospORiA 135

viticola 135

FUSICLADIUM 35

dendriticum 35

\^irginiense 36

FusicoccuM 58

178

178

47

47

47

triflorum

Ganoderma

Tsugae

Gaultheria

probumbens . . . .
Gaura

biennis

Gaylussacia

dumosa

frondosa

resinosa

Geaster

hygrometricus . . .

mammosus

GeLATI NOSPORU M

Betulinum

Gentiana

Andrewsii

flavida

linearis

quinqucflora . . .

quinquefolia

Saponaria

GENTIANACEAE
Geocalyx

58
58
290
290
327
327

Ilicinum

nervicolum

Galactia

regularis

Galax

aphylla

Gai-EOPSis 343

Tetrahit 343

Galeorchis 234

spectabilis 234

Galera 130

hypnoruin 130

tener 130

Galinsoga 384

parviflora 384

Galium 359

Aparine 359

asprelUim 360

circaezans 359

Claytoni 359

concinnum 360

lanceolatum 359

latifolium 360

pilosum

359

trifidum 360

graveolcns . . . ■
Geoglossum . . . .

glabrum

Geopyxis

carbonaria . . . .

cupularis

nebulosa

Georgia

pellucida

GEORGIACEAE
GERANIACEAE
Geranium

Carolinianum .

maculatum

Robertianum . .
Gerardia

auriculata . . . .

f!ava

laevigata

pavipercula

pedicularia ... •

qncrcifolia . . .

tenuifolia ....
Geum

album

Canadense . . .

flavuin

rivale

vernum

Virginianum .
Gibberella . . . .

pnlicaris

359
137
137
325
325
313
313
325
325
325
325
24
24
24
09
69
330
330
330
330
330
330
330
330
167
167
110
110
108
108
108
108
181
181
181
290
290
291
290
291
354
354
353
353
354
353
353
354
277

277
277
277
277
277
105
105

Saiihinctii 105

Gifola 378

Germanica 378

Gili.enia 273

stipiilacea 273

trifoliata 273

Glaucium 262

Glaucium 262

Glecoma 342

hederacea 342

Gleditsia 283

triacanthos 283

Gloeophyllum 128

hirsutum 128

trabeum 128

Gloeoporus 141

conchoides 141

Gloeosporium "1

Alni ~2

aridum 'i~

betularum

cylindrospermum
nervisequum ....

Robergi '^~

rubicolnm 72

Rumicis ' "

Sanguinariae '''1

venetum '''2

Glomerella 66

rufomaculani 66

Glonium 118

parvulum US

simtilans US

stellatiim US

Glyceria 214

214

215

379

72
72
72

Canadensis

nervaita

Gnaphalium

decurrens 379

Germaiiicttni 378

obtusifolium 379

polyeephaluin 379

purpureum 379

uliginosum 379

Gnomonia 96

Ulmea 90

Gnomoniella 96

Coryli 96

fimbriata 96

Gonatobotryum 35

maculicolum 35

GONOLOBUS 333

laevis 333

G00DYER.\ 235

pubescens 235

repcns 235

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

467

GORGONICEPS

Gueinisaci

GRAMINEAE . . .
Grandinia

crustosa

granulosa

GRAPHIDACEAE
Graphiola

Phoenicis

Gr.\phis

dendritica

elegans

scripta

scripta recta . . .
Gratiola

sphaerocarpa . . .

Virginiana

Grifola

Berkeleyi -.

ramosissima

Grimmia

apocarpa

GRIMMIACEAE

GROS'SULARIACEAE
Guepinia

spathularia

Gymnadeniopsis

clavellata

GYMNOASACEAE . .
Gymnocladus

Canadensis

dioica

Gymnoconia

interstitialis

Gymnopus

radicata

Gymnosporangium

clavariiforme

corniculans ^

germinale

globosum

Juniperinum

Juniperi-V'irginiauiae.

macropus

Nidus-avis

Gyromitra

curtipes

Gyroporus

cyanesocns

Gyrostachys

cerniia

gracilis

Habenaria

ciliarls

Hava

lacera

orhicularia

110

110

203

144

144

144

160

77

77

161

161

161

161

161

352

352

352

136

136

136

177

177

177

270

150

150

234

234

118

283

283

283

86

86

123

123

83

83

83

84

83

83

S3

83

83

107

107

133

133

235

235

235

234

234

234

234

234

pcramoena

I'sycodes .

tridentata
Hainesia . .

Rubi

Halesia . . .

tctraptera

HAMAMELIDACEAE
Hamamelis

Virginiana

Haplopilus

gilvus

licnoides

rutilans

Haplosporella

Araliae

Celtidis

Harpalejeunea

ovata

Harpanthus

scutatus

Harperhlla

vivipara

Hedeoma

pulegioides

Hedwioia

ciliata

ciliata secunda

HEDWIGIACEAE . . .
Helenium

autuninale

Helianthemum

majus

Helianthus

decapetalus

divaricatus

doronicoides

giganteus

grosseserratus

hirsutus

laetiflorus

laevigatus

microcephalus

occidentalis

occidentalis Dowell-
ianus

parvifloriis

strumosus

tomentosus

tracheliifolius

Heliopsis

helianthoides

laevis

scabra

Helminthosporium . .

attenuatum

brachypus

234
234
234
71
71
328
328
271
271
271
136
136
136
136
63
63
63
170
170
167
167
317
317
345
345
182
182
182
182
385
385
306
306
383
383
389
382
382
382
382
382
382
382
382

382

382

383

382

383

381

381

381

381

37

37

37

folliculatum 37

fuscifonne 38

niacrocarpon 37

persistens 37

septemseptatuni .... 37

Heliotiella 113

Nuttallii 113

Helotium 110

castaneum Ill

citrinum Ill

C)onfluens\ 110

epiphyllum Ill

fraternum Ill

fructigenum Ill

herbarum 110

lacteum 110

phyllophilum Ill

Heliotropium 337

Indicum 337

Heliscus 46

Lugdunensis 46

Helleborus 254

viridis 254

Helvella 107

crispa 107

macropus 107

HELVELLACEAE ... 107

Memerocallis 227

fulva 227

Hemiarcyria 31

clavata 31

rubiformis 31

stipata 31

Hendersonia 65

Desmazieri 65

Lirella

Hepatica

acuta 257

Hepatica 257

HEPATICAE 163

Heracleum 317

lanatum 317

Herbertia 169

adunca 169

Hercospora ^S

Tiliae 98

Hericium 142

coralloides 142

croceum 142

erinaceus 1^2

Herpotrichia 102

diffusa 102

Hbsperis 267

matronalis 267

Heucher.\ 270

Americana 270

parviflora 270

pubescens 270

6.)
9.i7

468

Rugelii 270

villosa 270

Hexagonia 141

alveolaris 141

Hexastylis 244

Shuttleworthii 244

Virginica 244

Hibiscus 304

Moscheutos 304

Trionum 304

HicoRiA 237

alba 237

cordiformis 237

glabra 237

laciniosa 237

microcarpa 237

ovata 237

HiERACIUM 368

Alleghaniense 368

Canadense 368

Gronovii 368

longipilum 368

paniculatum 368

scabrum 368

venosum 368

HiRMEOLA 149

Auricula-Judae 149

HoLcus 211

lanatus 211

HOLWAYA 117

ophiobolus 117

HOMALOCENCHRUS 209

oryzoides 209

Virginicus 209

HOMALOTHECIELLA .... 190

subcapillata 190

HOOKERIA 184

Sullivantii 184

HOOKERIACEAE ... 184

HOROMYCES 150

fragiformis 150

HOUSTONIA 357

ciliolata 358

coerulea 357

coerulea albiflora 358

longifolia 358

purpurea 358

purpurea calycosa. . . . 358

serpylHfolia 358

tenuifolia 358

HUMARIA 109

avaneosa 109

cestrica 100

echinosperma 100

Gerardii 109

HuMULUs 243

Lupulus 243

HYDNACEAE 142

INDEX, LIVING FLOR.'\.

Hydnellum 143

Nuttallii 143

velutinum 143

Hydnum 142

adiistum 142

cinnabarinum 142

coralloides 142

croceum 142

erinaceum 143

imbricatum 143

ochraccum 142

repandum 142

velutinum 143

Hydrangea 270

arborescens 270

arborescens Kanawha-

na) 270

Hydrastis 254

Canadensis 254

HYDKOCHARITA-

CEAE 203

Hydrocotyle 319

Americana 319

HYDROPHYLLACEAE 336

Hydrophyllum 336

appendiculatuni 337

Canadense 337

macrophyllum 336

Virginicum 337

Hygrophorus 124

ceraceus 124

coccineus 124

conicus 124

laetus 124

miniatus 124

nitidus 124

pratensis 124

psittacinus 124

virgineus 124

Hylocomium 187

brevirostrum 187

pcrietinum 187

rugosum 187

Hymenochaete 146

corrugata 146

rubiginosa 146

Tabacina 146

unicolor 146

Hymenula 45

cerealis 45

HYPERICACEAE 304

Hypericum 305

adpressum 305

Canadense 305

densiflorum 305

ellipticum 305

gymnanthum 305

maculatum 305

mutilum 305

perforatum 305

prolificum 305

punctatum 305

Sarothra 306

virgatum acuti folium 305

Virginicum 306

Hyphelia 48

terrestris 48

Hypholoma 132

appendiculatum 132

Candolleanum 132

elaeoides 132

fascicularis 132

lachrymabunda 132

sublateritium 132

HYPHOMYCETACEAE 31

HYPNACEAE 185

Hypnum 187

crista-castrense 188

cupressiforme 188

ciirvifolium 188

demissum 188

denticulatum 187

Haldanianum 188

hians 188

hispidulum 186

imponens 188

microcarpum 188

molle 187

palustre 187

patientae 187

plumosum 188

proliferum 188

recurirans 189

reptile 188

rutabulum 188

Shreberi 187

splendens 188

triquetrum 188

i:ncinatum 188

Hypochaeris 366

radicata 366

Hypocrea 104

lenta 104

patella 104

Schweinitsii 104

tenerrima 104

Virginiensis 104

HYPOCREACEAE ... 103

Hypocreopsis 105

lichenoides 105

riccioides 105

Hypoderma 119

commune 119

Desmazieri 119

virgultorum 119

Hypomyces 103

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

469

aurantius 103

rosellus 103

Hypopitys 322

Hypopitys 322

Hypoxis 232

erecta 232

hirsuta 232

Hypoxylon . .
atroviride . .
coccineum ..
colliculosum
fiiscum . . . .
Howeianum
multiforme .
Nuttallii . . .
perforatum .
rubiginosum
Sassafras . .
stigmateum

Hypsilophora 150

fragiformis 150

HYSTERIACEAE .... 118

Hysterium 118

Kalmiae 118

Hysterographium .... 118

insidens 118

Mori 118

subrugosum 118

Hystrix 210

Hystrix 216

Ilex 298

mollis 298

monticola 298

opaca 298

verticillata 298

Ilicioides 29S

mucronata 298

Illosporium 45

caespitosum 45

malifoliorum 45

Ilysanthes 352

dubia 352

gratioloides 352

Impatiens 301

aurea 301

biflora 301

fulva 301

pallida 301

Imperatoria 317

Ostruthium 317

Inula 380

Helenium 380

Iodanthus 264

pinnatifidus 264

lONACTIS 378

linariifolius 378

lONOTUS 135

perplexus 135

Ipomoea

coccinea

hederacea . .

lacunosa . . .

pandurata

purpurea . . .
IRIDACEAE
Iris

cristata . . . .

verna

versicolor . .
Irpex

lacteus

obliquus . . .

sinuosus . . .
Irpiciporus . .

lacteus

mollis

ISANTHUS . . . .

brachnatus .
coeruleus . .

ISARIA

clavata . . . .
Virginiensis

ISCHNODERMA

fuliginosum

ISNARDIA

palustris . . ,

ISOPYRUM

trifoliuni

ISOTRIA

verticillata

Itiiyphallus

impudicus

Jamesonella _. .

autiimnalis

Jeffersonia

diphylla

JUBULA

Hiitchinsiae Sullivan-

tit

Pennsylvanica

JUGLANDACEAE . . .

JUGLANS

cinerea

nigra

JUNCACEAE

Juncoides

• campestre

pilosuni

saltuensis

JUNCUS

acuminatus

brevicaudatus

Canadensis

Canadensis subcorda-
tus

effusus

333
333
333
333
333
333
233
233
232
233
233
143
143
143
143
135
135
135
340
340
340
43
43
43
135
135
310
310
254
254
235
235
24
24
165
165
260
260
171

171
171
237
237
237
237
225
226
226
226
226
225
225
225
225

225
225

marginatus 225

nodosus 225

setaceus 225

tenuis 225

tenuis anthelatus. . . . 225

JUNGBRMANNIA 165

exsecta 167

lanceolata 165

pumila 165

Schraderi 165

JUNGERMANNIA-

CEAE 164

JUNIPERUS 199

communis 199

Virginiana 199

Kalmia 334

angustifolia 324

latifolia 324

Kantia 168

trichomanis 168

Kneiffia 312

fruticosa 312

fruticosa differta.... 312

linearis 313

longipedicillata 313

pumila 312

setigera 144

Koellia 345

clinopodioides 345

flexuosa 345

incana 346

montana 346

nuitica 346

pycnanthemoides .... 345

verticillata 345

Virginiana 346

KORYCARPUS 213

Americana 213

diandrus 213

Krigia 366

amplexicatilis 366

Dandelion 366

Kuehneola 84

obtusa 84

Uredinis 84

Kuhnia 372

eupatorioides 372

Kyllinga 217

pumila 217

LABIATAE 340

Lachnea 109

erinacea 110

hirta 110

scutellata 109

umbrarum 110

vitellina 110

Lachnella Il3

Virginica 113

470

Lachnocladh'm 149

semivestitum 1-49

Laciniaria 372

spicata 372

scariosa squarriilosa. 372

Lactaria 124

cilicioides 124

deliciosa 125

glaucescens 125

hydropiperoides 125

Indigo 125

insulsa 125

lactiflua 125

pergamena 124

piperata 124

plinthogala 125

subdulcis 125

trivalis 125

vellera 125

Lactartus 125

fuUginosus 125

glaucescens 125

Tolcmus 125

Lactuca 367

Canadensis 367

Floridana 367

hirsuta 367

integrifolia 367

leucophaea 367

sagittifolia 367

S'cariola 367

spicata 367

villosa 367

Laetiporus 136

speciosus 136

Lamium 343

amplexicaule 343

maculatum 343

purpureum 343

Lamproderm\ 30

violaceum 30

Laportea 243

Canadensis 243

Lappula 33S

Virginiana 338

Larix 2Un

Amevicana 200

laricina 200

Lasiosphaeria 101

ovina 101

Lathyrus 290

latifolius 290

venosus 290

LAURACEAE 261

Lecanidion 118

atratum 118

Hamnmmelidis 113

Lecanora 155

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

atra

cervina

coarctata

deplanans

niuralis versicolor.

pallescens

pallida

privigena

subfusca

tartarea

varia

LECANORACEAE .
Lechea

Leggettii

major

minor L

minor Lam

Lecidea

albocoerulescens . .

crustulata

ericina

fuliginea

Nuttallii

platycarpa steriza..

speirea

Tennesseensis

Virginiensis

LECIDACEAE

Leersia

orysoides

streptocarpa

Virginicus

Lejeunea

calypcata

cavifolia

cucullata

Lemna

minor

LEMNACEAE

LENTIBULARIACEAE
Lentinus

crinitus

lepidciis

strigosns

Lenzites

abietina

betiilina

corrngata

sepiaria

Leocarpus

fragilis

Leonurus

Cardiaca

Leotia

lubrica

Lepidium

campestre

Virginicum

155
156
155
155
150
156
156
156
155
156
156
155
306
306
306
306
306
159
160
160
160
159
159
160
160
159
160
158
209
209
176
209
170
171
170
170
224
224
224
355
127
127
127
127
128
128
128
128
128
29
29
343
343
116
116
263
263
263

Lepidozia 168

reptans 168

sylvatica 168

Lepiota 120

acutisquamosa 121

Americana 121

Amianthina 121

cristata 121

clypeolaria 121

metulaespora 121

naucina 120

procera 120

Leptamnium 355

Virginianum 355

Leptandra 353

Virginica 353

Leptilon 378

Canadense 378

Leptobryum 180

pyriforme ISO

Lei'todon 183

trichom'.trion 183

Leptogium 155

chloromelum stellans. 155

pvilchellum 155

tremelloides 155

Leptonia 129

asperella 129

serrulata 129

Leptorchis 236

liliifolia 236

Leptosphaeria lOO

clavigera 101

Doliolum lOO

Ogilviensis 101

orthogramma 101

vagabunda 101

LEPTOSTROMACEAE 70

Leptostromella 71

filicina 71

Leptothyrium 70

Castaneae 70

dryinum 70

foraminulatum 70

Liriodendri 70

petiolorvnn 70

Pyri 70

vulgare • ■ • •> 70

Leptotrichum 173

pallidum 173

tortile 173

Leskea 184

gracilescens 184

obscura 184

polycarpa 184

LESKEACEAE 184

Lespedeza 289

capitata 289

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

471

frutescens 289

hirta 289

polystachya 289

repens 289

striata 289

Stuvei 289

Stiivei intermedia. . . . 289

Stuvei reticulata 289

violacea 289

\'irginica 2S9

LEUCOBRYACEAE . . 176

Leucobryum 176

glaucum 176

Leucodon 18,3

brachypus 183

julaceus 183

LEUCODONTACEAE. I83

■ LiATRis 372

scariosa sqnarrulosa.. 372

spicata 372

LiBERTELLA 74

acerina 74

faginea 74

LICHENES 151

LiGUSTICUM 317

Canadense 317

LiGUSTRUM 329

vulgaje 329

LILIACEAE 227

LiLiuM 328

Canadense 228

Philadelphicum 228

superbum 22.8

tigrinum 228

LIMNANTHACEAE... 296

LiMODORUM 236

tuberosum 236

LINACEAE 292

LiNARIA 350

Linaria 350

LiNDBLADIA 30

effusa 30

LiNDERA . . ." 261

Benzoin 261

LiNNAEA 361

Americana 361

LiNUM 292

striatum 292

usitatissimum 292

X'irginiani'm 292

LiPARis 236

liliifolia 236

LiPPlA 340

lanceolata 340

LiQUIDAMBAR 271

styraciflua 271

LiRIODENDRON 253

Tulipifera 253

LiTHOSPERMUM

arvense

canescens

laifolium

LOBARIA

amplissima

Lobelia

amoena glandulifera.

cardinalis

inflata

inflata simplex

leptostachys

puberula

spicata

spicata parviflora. . . .

syphilitica

syphilitica albiflora. . .
LOGANIACEAE

LOLIUM

Italicum

perenne

LONICERA

Canadensis

dioica

glauca

Japonica

sempervirens

LOPHANTHUS

nepetoides

LOPHIDIUM

compressum

nitidum

LOPHIOSTOMACEAE.

LOPHIOTREMA

nucula

Lophocolea

bidentata

heterophylla

minor

LOPHODERMIUM

culmigenum

pinastri

Rhododendri

LOPHOZIA

Marchica

ventricosa

LORANTHACEAE . . .

LUDWIGIA

alternifolia

alternifolia linearifo-

ha

LUNULARIA

cruciata ,

LUPINUS . .

perennis

LUZULA

campestris
pilosa ....

338
338
339
338
153
153
364
365
364
365
365
365
365
305
365
365
365
329
216
216
216
362
362
362
302
362
362
.342
342
106
lOT
106
106
106
106
166
166
166
166
119
119
119
119
165
165
165
244
310
310

310
163
163
284
284
226
226
226

saltiicnsis 226

vcnuilis 226

Lychnis 249

Githago 249

Lycium

vulgare

Lycogala

conicum

epidendron

LYCOPERDACEAE

349
349
31
31
31
24

Lycoperdon 25

furfuraceum 25

gemmatum 25

pediccllatum 25

pyriforme 25

Lycopersicom 349

Lycopersicon 349

LYCOPODIACEAE .. 197

Lycopodium 197

annotinum 197

clavatum 197

complanatum 198

dcndroldeuni 197

lucidulum 197

obscurum 197

tristachyum 197

Lycopus 346

Americanus 346

communis 346

memhranaccus 346

sinuatus 346

^'irginicus 346

Lysias 234

orbiculata 234

Lysimachia 327

Nunimularia 327

quadrifolia 327

stricta 327

terrestris 327

thyrsHiora 327

LYTHRACEAE 309

Maclura 242

aurantiaca 242

IMacrosporium 40

Abutilonis 41

antennaefnrme 41

asclepiadeum 4\L

caudatum 41

commune 40

Maydis 41

olivaceum 41

Saponariae 41

Tomato 41

Magnolia 252'

acuminata 252:

Fraseri 253

tripetala 252'

Umbrella 253

472

MAGNOLIACEAE ...
Malus

angustifolia

coronaria

glaucescens

Malva

moschata

rotundifolia

MALVACEAE

Marasmius

androsaceus

campanulatus

erythropus

foetidus

instititus

opacus

oreades

perforans 4. . .

raniealis

rotula

scorodonius

semihirtipes

splanchnoides

Marchantia

polymorpha

MARCH ANTIACEAE .
Marrubium

vulgare

Marshallia

grandiflora

obovata platyphylla. .
Marsonia

Juglandis

Martini

Marsupella

emarginata

Massaria

Magnoliae

Matricaria

discoidea

matricarioides

Medeola

VJIrginiana

Medicago

lupulina

sativa

Meehania

cordata

Meibomia

arenicola

bracteosa

Canadensis

canescens

Dillenii

grandiflora

laevigata

Marylandica

Michauxii

IXDKX, LI\IX(i FLORA.

252
279
279
279
279
304
304
304
303
126
126
127
12G
126
127
127
127
127
127
127
126
126
127
163
163
163
342
342
384
384
384
75
75
75
165
165
100
100
386
386
386
231
231
284
284
284
342
343
287
288
288
288
288
288
287
288
288
288

nuditlora

obtusa

ochroleuca

paniculata

pauciflora

rigida

JVIelam psora

farinosa

Melampyrum

Americanitm

lineare

MELANCONIACEAE. ,
Melanconis

modonia

Tiliacea

Melanconium

bicolor

oblongum

pallidum

Melanomma

pulvis-pyrius

MELANTHACEAE . .
Melantiiium

parviflorum

Virginicum

MELASTOMACEAE. .
Melica

mutica

Melilotus ,

alba

officinalis

Melissa

officinalis

MENISTERMACEAE.
Menispermum

Canadense

Mentha

arvensis glabrata....

Canadensis

piperita

sativa

spicata

I'iridis

MENYANTHACEAE ,
Menyanthes

trifoliata

Menziesia

globitlaris

liilosa

Mertensia

Virginica

Merulius

ambigmis

Corinum

lachrymans

molluscus

pulverentus

rubellus

287
288
288
288
287
288
79
79
354
354
354
71
98
98
98
74
75
74
74
101
101
226
226
226
226
310
213
213
285
285
285
345
345
260
260
260
346
346
346
346
346
346
346
331
331
331
323
323
323
338
338
141
141
141
141
141
142
141

tremellosus 141

Mesadenia 386

atriplicifolia 386

rcniformis 386

Metzgeria 164

conjugata 164

crassipilis 164

Micrampelis 363

echinata 363

lobata 363

Microcera 48

erumpens 48

Micrococcus 28

anrantiacus 28

crepusculum 28

luteus 28

scpticus 23

ureae 28

Microlejeunea 170

lucens 170

MiCROSPHAEKA 87

Alni 87

Alni-Vaccinii 88

diffusa 88

elevata 88

erineophila 87

Euphorbiae 88

Grossulariae 88

Quercina 88

Russellii 88

Vaccinii . . .■ 88

Microstylis 236

iinifolia 236

MICROTHYRIACEAE. 106

Milium 209

effusum 209

MiMULUS 352

alatus 352

ringens 352

Mitchella 358

repens 358

MiTELLA 269

diphylla • 269

Mitremyces 24

lutescens 24

Mitreola^ 239

petiolata 329

MiTRULA 107

lutescens 107

phalloides 107

MNIACEAE 180

Mniobryum 179

albicans 179

Mnium 180

cuspidatum 180

affine 180

hornum 180

marginatum 180

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

473

punctatum ISO

rostratum ISO

MOHRODENDRON 328

Carolinum 338

MOLLIA 177

viridula 177

MOLLISIA 112

cinerea 113

Dehnii 112

pinastri 112

MoLLUGO 248

verticillata 248

MONARDA 344

CHnopodia 344 j

didyma 344

fistulosa 344

media 344

scabra 344

MONESES 321

grandiilora 321

uniflora 321

MONILIA 32

aureo-fulva 32

fructigena 32

MONOMYCES 121

rutilens 121

MONOTROPA 323

Hypopitys 322

uniflora 322

MONOTROPACEAE . 322

MONOTROPSIS 322

odorata 322

MORACEAE 243

MORCHELLA 107

angusticeps 107

esculenta 107

MoRus 242

alba 242

rubra 242

MucoR 25

mucedo 25

MUCORACEAE 25

MUCRONOPORUS 189

Everhartii 139

ferruginosus 139

Gilvus 139

MUIILENBERGIA 209

diffusa 210

Mexicana 210

sobolifera 209

sylvatica 210

MULGEDIUM 367

acuminatum 367

MUSCARI ^29

botryoides 229

racemosum 229

MUSCr 173

Mycena 123

corticola

epiterygia

filopes

galericulata

galopa

haematopa

pura

rubro-marginata

tenerrima

vulgaris

Myicoporon

Smilacis

Myosotis

arvensis

laxa

palustris

Myriadoporus

induratus

Myriangium

Duriaei

Myrica

asplenifolia

MYRICACEAE

Myurella

gracilis

MYXOMYCETACEAE.
Myxosporium

luteum

platanicolum

Rhois

seriatum

Nabalus

albus ■

altissimus

serpentarius

Naematelia

nucleata

Nardia

crenulata

crenuliformis

Nasturtium

Armoracia

obtusum

officinale

palustre

palustre hispidiim .

sylvestre

Naucoria

festiva

pediades

semiorbicularis .. .
Naumbergi\

thyrsiflora

Navicula

borealis

major

nobilis

rhomboides

123

123

123

123

123

123

123

123

123

123

106

106

338

338

338

338

141

141

157

157

239

239

239

184

184

29

73

73

73

73

73

368

369

368

369

150

150

165

165

165

264

265

264

264

264

265

264

130

130

130

130

327

327

28

28

28

28

28

trinodis

viridis

Neckera

pennata

NECKERACEAE
Neckeria

aurea

flaviila

glauca

Nectria

cinnabarina .
coccinea ... .
ditissima . . .
episphaeria .

Peziza

Rexiana ... .

vulpina . . . ■

Nemopanthes

fascicularis
Neokneiffia

setigera . . .
Nepeta

Cataria .. . .

hedcracea .
Nephroma . .

Helveticum
Nicandra . .

physalodes

NIDULARIACEAE ..
Nigredo

appendiculata

Caladii

caryophyllina

fallens

Hedysari-paniculati .

Houstoniata

Howei

Hyperici-frondosa . . .

Junci-effusi

Lespedezae-procumben-
tis

Medicaginis

pedatata

plumbaria

Polygoni

proeminens

Rhyncosporae

Silpbii

Spermacoces

Trifolii

Nitzschia

Amphioxys intermedia
Nolanea

mammosa

pascua

Notothylas

orbicularis

Nowellia

29

28

183

1S3

183

262

263

263

262

104

103

104

.104

104

104

105

104

298

298

144

144

342

342

342

154

154

349

349

24

77

78

79

79

78

78

78

79

79

77

77

79

78

78

79

77

79

78

29

29

129

129

129

171

171

167

474

curvifolia 167

NUMMULARIA 96

discreta 96

punctulata 96

Nyctalis 126

asterophora 126

Nymphaea 252

advena 252

odorata 252

NYMPHAEACEAE . . 252

Nyssa 321

sylvatica 821

Oakksia 227

sessilifolia 227

Obolaria 330

Virginica 330

Odontia 144

farinacea 144

Odontochisma 168

denudatum 168

prostratum 168

Sphagni 168

Oenothera 311

biennis 311

frnticosa 312

linearis 313

puniila 312

OlDIUM 33

erysiphoides 32

leucoconium 32

monilioides 32

OLEACEAE 328

Ombrophila 149

clavus 149

Omphalia 123

campanella 123

chrysophylla 123

fibula 124

stellata 123

Onagra 311

argillicola 312

biennis 311

biennis grandiflora . . . 311

ONAGRACEAE 310

Onoclea 196

sensibilis 196

Onosmodium 338

Carolinianum 338

Oospora 31

fasciculata 31

Opegrapha 160

atra 160

minutula 160

varia 160

Ophiobolus 103

acuminatus 103

fulgidus 103

porphyrogonus 103

INI)1-:X, LRINC; FLORA.

OrniOGLOSSACEAE.
Ophioglossum

vulgatum

Opuntia

Opuntia

vulgaris

Orbilia

coccinella

luteo-rvibella

occulta

rubella

vinosa

xanthostigma

ORCHIDACEAE

Orchis

spectabilis

Ornithogalum

nutans

umbellatum

OROBANCHACEAE .
Orontium

aquaticum

ORTHOTRTCHACEAE
Orthotrichum

Braunii

Ohioense

Porteri

strangulatuin

Osmorrhiza

brevistylis

longistylis

OSMUNDA

cinnamomea

Claytoniana

regalis

OSTROPA

cinerea

Ostrya

Virginiana

Otidea

onotica ochracea. . . .
OXALIDACEAE

OXALIS

Acetosella

cymosa

filipes

grandis

recurva

stricta

violacea

Oxycoccus

erythrocarpus

macrocarpus

Oxycoccus

Oxydendrum

arboreum

OXYPOLIS

'rigidior

190

190

190

309

309

309

116

li6

116

116

116

116

116

233

234

234

229

229

229

355

224

224

177

178

178

178

178

178

318

318

319

196

197

197

196

119

li?)

239

239

109

109

291

291

291

291

291

291

291

291

291

326

326

326

326

324

324

315

315

rigidus ■> 315

OZONIUM 140

auricomum 140

Pachysandra 296

procumbens 297

Pachystima 299

Canhyi 299

Pallavicinia 164

Lyellii 164

1'anaeolus 133

campanulatus 133

solidipes 133

Panax 314

quinquefolium 314

trifolium 314

Panicularia 214

Canadensis 214

clongata 215

melicaria 215

nervata .215

nervata major 215

Torreyana 215

Panicum 205

agrostoides 206

anceps 206

Ashei 208

barbulatum 207

Boscii 208

capillare 206

capillare campestre . . 206

clandestiniun 208

coniniutatum 208

Cnis-Galli 208

depauperatum 206

dicbotoniiflorum .... 205

dichotomum 207

dichotomum depaupe-

rata 207

fasciculatum 207

flexile 206

Gattingeri 206

geniculatum 205

gracile 207

Huachucac silvicola. . 207

latifolium 208-

Lindbeimeri 207

linearifoliiini 206

lucidum 207

iTiicrocarpon 207

nitidum 207

i-'liiladelphicum 206-

polyanthes 20T

Portcrianum 20S

prolifcriim 205-

pubescens 207

sanguinale 205

stipitatum 206-

Tennessecnse 207

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

475

tsugetorum 207

villosissimum 207

virgatiim 206

Pannaria 154

leucosticta 154

nigra 154

rubiginosa 154

PANNARIACEAE ... 154

Panus 127

conchatus 128

dorsalis 12S

stipticus 127

Papaver 262

dubium 262

PAPAVERACEAE ... 261

PAPILIONACEAE . . 2S4

Parietaria 244

Pennsylvanica 244

Parmelia 152

Boi-reri 152

Borreri rudecta 152

caperata 152

cetrata 152

colpodes 152

conspersa 152

exasperata 152

olivacea 152

olivaria 152

perlata 152

physodes 152

rudecta 152

tiliacea 152

PARMELIACEAE ... 152

Parnassia 263

asarifolia 268

grandiflora 268

PARNASSIACEAE . . 268

Paronychia 251

dichotoma 251

Parsonsia 310

petiolata 310

Parthenium 380

integrifolium 380

Parthenocissus 303

quinquefolia 303

Paspalum 205

laeve 205

laeve pilosum 205

mucronatum 205

Muhlenbergii 205

setaceum 205

Passiflora 309

incarnata 309

lutea 309

PAS'SIFLORACEAE . 309

Pastinaca 317

sativa 317

PATELLARIACEAE. . 117

Prenanthes 368

Paxillus 131

atramentosus 131

involutus 131

pannoides 127

Pedicularis 354

Canadensis 354

Pellaea 192

atropurpmea 192

Pellia 164

epiphylla 164

Fabroniana 164

Peltigera 154

aphthosa 154

canina 154

horizontalis 154

polydactyla 154

PELTIGERACEAE . . 153

Pencillium 33

glaucum 33

Peniophora 148

cinerea 148

quercina 148

PENTHORACEAE ... 268

Penthorum 268

sedoides 268

Pentstemon 351

canescens 351

Digitalis 351

hirsutus 351

pitbesccns 351

Peramium 235

Menziesii 235

ophioides 235

pubescens 235

repens 235

Perichaena 31

flavida 31

I'ericonia 35

pycnospora 35

Pekidermium 85

Balsameum 85

Peckii 85

Perilla 347

f rutescens 347

■fmtescens Nankinensis 347

ocynioide:5 crispa 347

PERISPORACEAE ... 86

Peronospora 27

Arthuri 27

Corydalis 27

obovata 27

parasitica 27

PERONOSPORACEAE 26

Perularia . 234

flava 234

Pektusaria 156

coral'ina 156

leioplaca 156

multipuncta 156

pvistulata 156

velata 156

PtSTALOZZIA 75

funerea 75

Guepini 75

JefFerisii 75

toxica "'5

Petunia 350

violacea 350

Peziza 108

aurelia 114

aurantia 108

badia 108

crierea 112

repanda 105

vesiculosa 108

PEZIZACEAE 108

Phacelia 337

bipinnatifida 337

dubia 337

parx'iftora 337

Purshii 337

PH ACIDI ACEAE 117

Phaeolus 133

sistotremoides 136

Phaeopeziza lOO

scabrosa 109

Piialaris 209

arundinacea 209

Canariensis 209

PHALLACEAE 24

Phaseolus 290

helvolus 290

perennis 290

pulystachyus 290

Phegopteris 194

Dryopteris 195

hexagonoptera 195

I'liegopteris 195

polypodioxdes 195

Philalea Ill

cyathoides Ill

scutula Ill

virgultorum Ill

Philonotis 181

fontana 181

Philotria 203

Canadensis 203

Phlebia 144

nierismoides 144

radiata 14 .'

Phlextm _. . 210

pratense 210

Phlox 335

ainoeiia 335

Brittonii 336

divaricata 335

iiiacuiata 335

4/6

paniculata 335

paniculata acuminata. 335

leptans 335

subulata 336

Phlyctaena 60

arcuata 69

Ipoinoeae fif'

septorioides 69

vagabunda 69

Pholiota 130

adiposa 130

candicans 130

rapcruta 130

erebia 130

nmtabilis 130

Phoma 54

Asclepiadea 54

herbarum 55

ihcicola 55

leucostonia 54

nielaleuca 54

mixta 55

negundicolc ramicola. 54

Nyssaecarpa 55

obscurans 55

pedunculi 55

Pennsylvanica 54

Phytnlaccae 55

samararum 55

scabra 55

Smilacina 56

Spiraeae 55

uvicola 55

Phoradendron 244

flavescens 244

Phri\gmidium 84

Americanum 84

disciflorum 84

Potentillae 84

Rubi-odorati 84

subcorticium 84

Phragmites 212

Phragmites 312

Phryma 357

Leptostachya 357

PHRYMACEAE 357

Phyllachora 106

Caricis 106

Graminis 106

pomagena 106

Phyllactinia 87

corylea 87

suffulta 87

Phyllanthus 295

Carolinensis 295

Phyllosticta 49

acericola 52

althaeina 50

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

Ampelopsidis 50

Araliae 52

Asiminae 50.

caryigena 49

Castaneae ,53

Catalpae 49

Celastri 51

Celtidis 49

cercidicola 52

Chionanthi 53

Cookei 53

cornicola 53

Dioscoreae 53

Galicis 50

gentianicola 50

globifera 51

Hamamelidis 49

Haynaldi 49

Ipomoeae 49

Labruscae 53

Lappae 53

lindericola 51

Liriodendrica 53

macrospora 50

Negundinis 52

Opaca 53

Oxydendri 51

Paviae 49

phomiformis 53

Pirina 50

pirina 63

Quercus-prini 50

rhoicola 50

Ribis 49

Rosae 50

Sambuci 53

Sanguinariae 49

Sassafras 52

Smilacis subeffusa... 51

solitaria 49

Tiliae 53

Ulmi 53

Xanthorrliizae 52

Physalis 348

angulata 348

heterophylla 349

lanceolata 349

Philadelphica 348

pubescens 349

Virginiana 349

viscosa 349

Physalodes 549

Physalodes 349

Physalospora 96

Dracaenae 96

Ilicis 96

Physarum 29

citrinum 29

psittacmum

pulcherrimum

rufipes

sinuosum

Physcia

aquila

ciliaris

ciliaris crinalis

comosa

leucomela

leucomelaena

speciosa

stellaris

stellaris apiolia

PHYSCIACEAE ....
Physcomitrium

priforme

Physma

luri'dum

Physocarpa

opulifolia

Physostegia

Virginiana

Phytolacca

decandra

PH YTOLACC ACE AE .
Phytophthora

infestans

Picea

Mariana

rubens

PlERIS

floribunda

Mariana

Pilacre

gracillipes

Petersii

Pilea

pumila

PiLEOLARIA ...

Toxicodendri

PiMPINELLA ..

intcgcrrima
PINACEAE ...

PiNUS

echinata . . . .

inops

luitis

pungens

resinosa

rigida

S'trobus

Taeda

Virginiana . .
Placodium . . . .
camptidium
cerinum . . . .
cinnabarinum

29

29
29
29
153
153
153
153
15.3
153
153
153
153
133
153
179
179
151
154
272
272
343
343
248
248
248
26
26
200
20U
200
324
324
324
43
43
43
242
243

318
318
199
199
200
200
200
200
199
200
199
200
200
155
155
155
155

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

477

elegans 155

f errugineum 155

rupestre 155

Plagiochila 166

porelloides 166

Sullivantii 166

Virginica 166

Plagiothecium 186

delicatulum densum.. 186

denticulatum 186

micans 187

striatellum 187

Sullivantiae 187

sylvaticum 187

turfaceum 187

PLANTAGINACEAE . 357

Plantago 357

aristata 357

lanceolata 357

major 357

Rugelii 357

Virginiana 357

Plasmopara 26

Cubensis 26

Geranii 26

Halstedii 26

obducens 26

ribicola 26

viticola 26

PLATANACEAE 272

Platanus 272

occidentalis 272

Platygyrium 183

repens 183

Pleonectria 105

denigrata 105

Missouriensis 105

Pleosphaeria 103

corticola 103

Pleuridium 173

alternifolum 173

Pleurotus 124

corticatus 124

cyphelliformis 124

niger 124

petaloides 124

sapidus 124

serotinus 124

Pluteus 120

admirabilis 129

cervinus 129

longistriatus 129

Plicariella 109

miniata 100

scabrosa 109

Plowrightia 106

morbosa 106

Poa 214

alsodes 214

annua 214

autumnalis 214

brevifolia 214

compressa 214

compressa depauperata 214

Hexuosa 214

pratensis 214

sylvestris 214

trivialis 214

Podophyllum 260

peltatum 260

Podosphaera 86

leucotricha 86

Oxyacanthae 86

tridactyla 86

PODOSTEMON 267

Ceratophyllum 267

PODOSTEMONACEAE 267

PoDOSTROMA 105

alutaceum 105

POGONATUM 181

brevicaule 181

POGONIA 235

ophioglossoides 235

trianthophora 236

vcrticillata 235

POHLIA 179

nutans 179

PoiNSETTIA 295

dentata 295

POLEAIONIACEAE .. 335

POLEMONIUM 336

coeridetim 336

reptans 336

Van Bruniae 336

Polycodium 325

stamineum 325

Polygala 293

ambigua 293

cruciata 893

Curtissii 293

fastigiata 293

Mariana 29."!

Nuttallii 293

paucifolia 294

sanguinea 293

Senega 293

verticillata 293

viridescens 293

viridescens albiflora. 293

POLYGALACEAE . . . 293

POLYGONACEAE ... 245

Polygonatum 230

bifloriim. 230

commutatum 230

gigantciim 230

Polygonum 246

acre 246

arifolium 247

aviculare 246

cilinode 246

Convolvulus 247

cristatum 247

erectum 246

Hydropiper 246

hydropiperoides .... 246

orientale 246

Pennsylvanicum .... 246

Persicaria 246

Persicaria albiflora.. 246

punctatum 246

sagittatum 247

scandens 247

tenue 246

Virginianum 246

POLYMNIA 380

Canadensis 380

Canadensis radiata. .. 380

LTvedalia 380

POLYMYCES 121

cinereus 121

POLfPODIUM 191

incanttm 192

polypodiodes 192

vulgare 191

viilgare biserrata. . . . 191

vulgare deceptum ... 191

POLYPORACEAE ... 133

POLYPORUS 134

adustus 135

arcularius 134

Berkeleyi 136

brumalis 134

elegans 135

fissus 134

lactifluus 136

nidulans 136

Pilotae 136

pocula 135

Polyporus 134

prolificans 138

pubescens 138

resinous 135

sulphureus 136

timbellattis 136

variits 135

POLYSCYTALUM 33

sericeum 32

POLYSTICHUM 195

acrostichioides 195

acrosticbioides

Schweinitzii 195

POLYSTICTUS 138

abietinus 138

cinnabarinus 138

478

hirsutus 138

pergamenus 13S

versicolor 138

POLYTHELIS 86

fusca 8(i

POLYTHRINCIUM 36

Trifolii 3:0

POLYTRICriACEAE.. 181

POLYTRICHUM 181

commune 181

formosnin 181

Ohioense 181

piliferum 182

tenjic 181

POMACEAE 279

PopULUS 237

alba 237

candicans 238

deltoides 238

grandidentata 238

monilifera 238

tremuloides 238

PORELLA 170

pinnata 170

platyphylla 170

PoRiA 139-

abditcens I'll

corticola 140

f arinella 140

micans 11')

nigra 139

obducens 139

sinuosa 140

tomentocincta 130

Tulipiferae 139

vaporaria 139

vulgaris 139

xantha 140

PORODISCULUS 135

pendulus 135

POROTHELIUM 142

lacerum 142

PORTERANTHUS 273

stipulatus 273

trifoliatus '. . . . 273

PORTULACA 248

oleracea 248

PORTULACACEAE .. 248

POTAMOGETON 202

dimorphus 202

epibydrus 202

fluitans 202

lonchites 202

pectinatvis i02

Spirillus 202

POTAMOGETON-

ACEAE 202

POTENTILLA 277

IXDEX, IJVING FLORA.

arguta 276

Canadensis 277

Canadensis simplex. . 277

Monspeliensis 277

Norz-egica 277

recta 277

sulpburea 277

PoTERIUM 278

Canadensc 278

POTTIACEAE 177

Prenanthes 368

alba 369

altissima 368

serpentaria 369

PRIMULACEAE 327

Prionolobus 167

Ilellerianus 167

Propolis 117

faginea 117

Leonis 117

Prosartes 230

lanuginosa 230

Prunella 342

vulgaris 342

vulgaris albiflora . . . 342

Prunus 282

Americana 282

angustifolia 282

Chicasa 282

Pennsylvanica 282

serotina 282

Virginiana 282

Psathyrella 133

disseminata 133

PSEUDOHBLOTIUM Ill

fibrisedum Ill

Pseudopeziza 112

Medicaginis 112

Trifolii 112

Pseudotaenidia 316

montana 316

Pseudovalsa 101

signiai'dea 101

sigmoidea 65

Ptelea 292

trifoliata 292

j'teridium 192

aquilinum 192

Ptilidium 169

pulcherrimum 169

Ptilium 188

crista-castrenae .... 188

PucciNiA 79

albiperidia 82

Anemones 86

Anemones- Virginiana. 82

Asparagi 70

Asteris 80

Caricis 81

Caricis-Asteris 79

Chrysanthemi 80

Circaeae ' 80

Conoclinii 82

Convolvuli 81

coronata 81

Cyjieri SO

Dayi 80

Eatoniae 80

Eleocharidis 80

emaculata 80

graminis SO

Helianthi 80

Heucherae 82

Hieracii 81

Impatientis 80

investita 80

lateripes SO

Lobeliae 80

malvacearum 82

Mariae-Wilsoni 82

Menthae 81

muhlenbergiae 82

obscura 82

orbicula 82

jierminuta 82

Pimpinellae 81

poarum 83

Podophylli SO

Polygoni-amphibii ... 80

recedens SO

Rubigo-vera 81

Sambuci 82

Saxifragae 82

S'orgbi 82

Smilacis 82

suaveolens 81

tenuis 80

Vernoniae 82

Veratri 82

Violae 81

Windsoriae 82

Xanthii 82

Pucciniastrum S3

Agrimoniae 83

Hydrangeae S3

minimum 83

pustvilatum 83

Pulveroboletus 134

Ravenelii 134

Pycnanthe:jum 345

clinopodioides 345

incaniim 346

linifolium 345

montanum 346

mttticum 346

Torreyi 345

Tnllia 345

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

479

Virginianum 346

Pycnoporus 136

cinnabarinus 136

Pylaisia ■ 184

intricata 184

velutina 184

Pyrenopeziza 112

lacerata 112

Pyrenophora 102

calvescens 102

Pyrenula 162

glabrata 162

nitida 162

pachycheila 162

punctella 162

rhyponta 162

PYRENULACEAE . . . 162

Pyrola 331

elliptica 321

rotundifolia 321

PYROLACEAE 321

Pyropolyporus 137

chonchatus 137

igniarius 137

Robiniae 137

Pyrularia 244

pubera 244

Pyrus 270

Americana 279

angustifolia 279

arbutifolia 279

arbutifolia mclano-

carpa 280

coronaria 279

Pyxine 153

sorediata 153

Ouamasia 229

hyacinthina 229

Quamoclit 333

coccinea 333

QUERCUS 241

al,ha 241

acuminata 241

bicolor 241

coccinea 241

digitata 241

falcata 241

ilicifolia 241

imbricaria 241

macrocarpa 241

minor 241

Muhlenbergii 241

nana 241

nigra 241

pagodaefolia 241

palustris 241

platanoides 241

Prinus 241

rubra

stellata

tinctoria

velutina

Radula

coinplanta

tenax

Xalapensis

Radulum

Magnoliae

orbicuiarc

Ramalina

calcicaris fastigiata..

miniuscula

rigida

Ramularia

Celastri

Taraxaci

Tulasnei

RANUNCULACEAE .
Ranunculus

abortivus

acris

Alleghaniensis

ambigcns

bulbosiis

fascicularis

hispidus

micranthus

obtusiusculus

Pennsylvanicus

recurvatus

icpens

soeleratus

septentrioiialis

Raphanus

sativus

Raphidostecium

Carolinianum

Carolinianum adniix-
tum

cylindrocarpum

Marilandicum

Ravenelia

epiphylla

Reboulia

sp

Reticqlaria

Lycoperdon

Rhabdospora

Kalmiaruni

Rhabdoweisia

f ugax

Rhacomitrium

acicnlare

RHAMNACEAE .

Rhamnus

alnifolia

241
241
341
241
169
170
169
169
144
144
144
151
151
151
151
34
34
34
34
254
358
358
259
258
258
259
359
35S
358
358
259
258
259
258
259
264
264
189
189

1S9

189

1S9

86

80

162

162

30

30

69

69

174

174

177

177

301

301

301

Caroiiniana 302

lanceolata 301

Rhexia 310

Virgniica 310

Rhxzina 108

inflata lOS

Rhododendron 323

Catawbiense 323

maximum 323

Rhus 296

aromatica 297

Canadensis 297

copallina 297

cotinoides 297

glabra 297

hirta 296

radicans 297

taxicodendron 297

typhina 296

venenata 297

Vernix 297

Rhynchostegium .... 189

deniissum 188

rusciforme 189

serrulatum 189

Rhytisma 117

acerinum 117

decolorans 117

Prini 117

punctatum 117

Ribes 270

Cynosbati 270

floridum 271

prostratum 271

rotundifolium 371

RlCCARDIA 164

latifrons 164

multifida 164

pinguis 164

RicciA 163

canaliculata 163

RICCIACEAE 163

RrCCtELLA 163

fluitans 163

Rinodina 156

oreina 156

sophodes 156

Robinia 286

hispida 286

I'seud-Acacia 2S6

viscosa 286

Roripa 264

Armoracia 265

hispida 265

Nasturtium 264

obtusa 264

palustris 264

sylvestris 264

48o

Rosa 278

canina 278

Carolina 278

Inimilis 278

lucida 278

rubiginosa 278

rugosa 278

setigera 278

ROSACEAE 272

ROSELLINIA 93

abietina trichota ... 93

aquila 93

corticum 93

millegrana 93

pulveracea 93

subiculata 93

ROTALA 309

ramosior 309

ROZITES 130

caperata 130

RUBIASEAE 357

RuBUS 273

Ayllegheniensis .... 275

Americanus 273

argutns 374

Baileyanus 274

Baileyanus frondosus 274

Canadensis 275

Canadensis rorihaccus 275

Columbianus 274

hispidus 276

Millspaughii 274

nigrobaccus 274

occidentalis 27i

odoratus 274

strigosus 274

triflorus 273

trivialis 276

villosus 274

villosiis humifusus . . 274

RUDBECKIA 381

fulgida 381

hirta 381

laciniata 381

laciniata humilis . . . 381

speciosa 381

triloba 381

RUELLIA 356

ciliosa 356

RuMEX 245

Acetosella 246

Brittanica 245

conglomeratus 245

crispus 245

crispus X obtusifolius. . 245

obtusifolius 245

sanguineus 245

RussuLA 125

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

adusta 125

delica 125

einetica 125

f ragilis 125

furcata 125

nigricans 125

vire.scen» 125

RuTA 292

graveolens 293

RUTACEAE 292

Rynchospora 219

glomerata 219

Sabbatia 330

angularis 330

lanceolata 330

Saccharomvces 28

cerevisae 28

mycoderma 28

S'ACCIIAROMYCE-

TACEAE 38

Saccidium 70

viticolum 71

vitis 70

Saccogyna 167

graveolens 167

Sagina 251

procumbens 251

Sagittaria 202

angustifolia 303

arifolia 303

graminea 203

SALICACEAE 337

Salix 338

alba-vitelUna 238

amygdaloides 238

Babylonica 238

cordata 338

discolor 238

humilis 238

nigra 338

nigra falcata 338

sericea 338

Salomonia 230

biflora 230

commutata 230

Salsola 248

Tragus 248

Salvia 344

lyrata 344

Sambucus 360

Canadensis 360

pubens 860

pubens albicocca . . . 360

raceinosus 360

S'amolus 327

florijiundus 327

Sanguinaria 261

Canadensis 261

Sanguisorba 278

Canadensis 278

Sanicula 318

Canaden^s 318

gregaria 318

Marilandica 318

trifoliata 318

SANTALACEAE 244

SAPINDACEAE 300

Saponaria 249

officinalis 249

Sarcinella 43

heterospora 43

Sarcodon 143

imbricatus 143

Sarcoscypha 109

coccinea 109

floccosa 109

occidentalis 109

rufum 109

Sarcosma 116

rufum 116

Sarothra 306

gentianoides 306

Sassafras 261

officinale 261

Sassafras 261

SAURURACEAE 237

Saururus 337

cernuus 237

Saxifraga 269

crosa 269

micranthidifolia .... 269

Pennsylvanica 269

Virginiensis 269

SAXIFRAGACEAE .. 269

Scapania 169

nemorosa 169

undulata 169

S'CHEUCHZERIJ^ 202

paliistris 202

SCHEUCHZERIA-

CEAE 202

SCHIZOMYCETA-

CEAE 27

SCHIZOPHYLLUM 128

alneum 128

commune 128

SciRPUS 218

Americanus 218

atrovirens 219

cyperinus 219

debilis '218

eriophorum 219

lacusfris 218

lineatus 219

polyphyllus 219

pungcns 218

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

481

sylvaticus 219

validus 218

Scleroderma 25

Bovista 25

vulgare 25

SCLERODERRIS 115

pallidula 115

Rliabarbarina 115

ScLEROTINIA 110

fructigena 110

trifoliorum 110

tuberosa 110

SCOLEONECTRIA 105

scoleospernia 105

SCORIAS 89

spongiosa 89

SCORIOMYCFS 46

C'ragini 46

S'CORTEUS 127

oreades 127

SCROPHULARUA 351

leporella 351

Marilandica 351

SCROPHULAR-

lACEAE 350

Scutellaria 341

Canescens 341

cordifolia 341

galericulata 341

galericulata albiflora 341

incana 341

integrifolia 341

lateriflora 341

nervosa 341

parivula 341

pilosa 341

pilosa hirsuta 345

saxatilis 341

serrata 341

versicolor tninor . . . 341

Sedum 268

Nevii 268

pulchellum 268

telephiodes 268

Telephium 268

ternatum 268

Selaginella 198

apus 198

rupestris 198

SELAGINELLACEAE. 198

SEMATOPHYLLA-

CEAE 189

Senecio 387

antennariifolius .... 387

aureus 387

Balsamitae 387

obovatus 387

vulgaris 387

Septori^V 66

atro-purpurea 69

aciculosa 68

Brassicae 67

cornicula 67

Cornus-Maris 67

Helianthi 68

hyalina 68

kalmiaecola 67

Leptostachyae 68

Lobeliae 68

microsperraa 67

Nabali 69

Nolitangerae 68

ochroleuca 67

Polygonorum 69

Polymniae 67

psilostega 69

Rubi 67

Saxifragae 6S

Scrophulnriae 63

Smilacinae 69

Tecomae 66

Trautvetteriae 67

Verbenae 68

Violae 68

Septosporium 42

Equiseti 42

Sericocarpus 374

asteroides 374

linifolius 374

Setaria 208

glaiica 208

imbcrbis 208

Itolica 208

viridis 208

Siherardia 359

arvensis 359

SicYOS 364

angulatus 364

SiDA 304

hermaphrodita 304

Napaea 304

spinosa 304

S'ilene 249

alba 249

antirrhina 240

Carolinian a 249

nbiea 249

Pennsyh'anica 249

stellata 249

Virginica 249

SiLl'HIUM 380

-Asleriscus 380

perfoliatum 380

trifoliatum 380

SIMARUBACEAE . . . 293

SiROCOCCUS 57

Ilalesiae 57

.SiSYMLRIUM 263

altissimum 263

officinale 263

Thalianuin 266

SlSYRINCHI'JM 233

aticcps 233

angustifolium 233

Bcrmudianum 233

graminoides 233

mucronatum 233

Stum 316

cicutaefolium 316

SMILACEAE 232

Smilacina 230

bifolia Caimdensts . . 230

Smilax 232

glauca 232

herbacea 232

hispida 232

Pseudo-China 2."2

rotundifolia 232

tamnifolia 232

SOLANACEAE 347

SOLANUM 347

Carolinens'i 347

Dulcamara 347

nigrum 347

rostratum 347

tuberosum 347

SOLEA 309

Concoler 30'1

SOLENIA 142

ocliracca 142

villosa 142

SOLENOSTOMA 165

lanceolata 165

SOLIDAGO 372

arguta 373

bicolor 373

Boottii 373

caesia 372

CanadensTs 374

Curtisii 372

flexicauHs 372

juncea 373

juncea ramosa 374

juncea scabrella 373

lanceolata 374

latifolia 372

monticola 373

neglecta 373

nemoralis 374

odora 373

puberula 373

rugosa 373

rupestris 374

serotina 374

482

serotina gigantea . . .

speciosa

tenuifolia

ugliginosa

ulmifolia

SONCHUS

asper

oleraceus

SORBUS

Americana

SORGHASTRUM

avenaceum

S'PARGANIACEAE ..
Sparganium

diversifolium acaule.

eurycarpurn

Spartina

cynosuroides

Spathulari*

clavata

velutipes

Spathyema

foetida

Specularia

perfoliata

SPEJRA

minor

Spergula

arvensis

Sphacelotheca

Hydropiperis

Shaerella

conicola

Gaultheriae

infuscens

maculiformis

nyssaecola

Sphaeria

Kalmianum

Sphaerocephalus ....

heterosticlms

Sphaerographum

Fraxini

hystericinum

SPHAEOPSIDEAE . .
Sphaeronema

acerinum

corneum

infuscans

Magnoliae

Pliysocarpi

..PHAEOPSIDEAE . .

SPHAEROPSIS

Ampelopsidis

Asiminae

Asiminae fructigena.

Caryae

Celastrina

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

374
373

a74

373

373

367

367

367

279

279

205

205

203

202

202

202

212

212

108

108

108

223

223

365

365

40

40

251

251

77

77

97

97

97

97

97

97

69

69

180

180

69

70

69

49

56

56

56

5f>

57

56

49

61

62

61

61

62

62

Cerasina . .
Ipomoeae .
Linderae . .
Malorum . .
Menispermi

Oenotherae 62

phomatella 62

Pliysocarpi 62

Sassafras 62

Sumachi 62

Sphaerotheca 86

Castagnei 87

Humuli 86

Humuli-fuliginea .... 87

Mali 87

Mors-Uvae 87

pannosa 87

SPHAGNACEAE 172

Sphagnum 172

cymbifolium 172

cynibifolium squar-

rulosum 172

Girgensohnii 172

imbricatum afi'ine . . . 173

Magellanicum 172

quinquefarium 172

recurvum 172

Sphenolobus 167

excectus 167

Michauxii 167

minutus 167

SPIRAEA 272

Aruncus 273

beUdifoUa 272

corymbosa 272

Ivbata 276

salicifolia 273

tomentosa 273

Ulmaria 276

Virginiana 272

Spiranthes 235

ccrnua 235

gracilis 235

Spirillum 28

undula 28

Sporobolus 210

neglectus 210

vaginaeflorus 210

Sporocybe . . .
Azaleae . . . .
Rhois

SPORODESMIUM

aurantiacum.
concinnum .
moriforme
toruloides . .

S'PORODINIA

Aspergillus

Stachvlidium

caricinum

Stachys

aspera

aspera glabra

cordata

pahistris

tenuifolia

Stagonospora

collapsa

pedunculi

petiolarum

Physocarpi

Staphylea

trifolia

STAPHYLEACEAE .
Stauroneis

Phoenicentron . . . .
Steccherium

adustum

ochraceum

Steganosporium

Castaneae

muricatum

piri forme

Steironema

ciliatum

lanceolatum

lanceolatum angusti-

folium

Stellaria

media

longifolia

pubera

S'tenophragma

Thaliana

Stephania

complanata

Stereodon

• cupressiformis

curvifolius

imponens

recurvans

Stereum

acerinum

albo-badium

complicatum

fasciatum

frustulosum

hirsutum

lobatum

ochraceo-flavum

Pini

purpureum

sanguinolentum

sericeum

sulphuratum

triste

35

35
343
343

344
344
343

343

65

66

66

65

66

299

299

299

28

28

142

142

14-.

76

76

76

76

327

327

327

327
250
250
250
250
266
266
170
170
188
188
188
188
189
144
146
145
145
145
145
145
145
145
145
145
145
145
145
145

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

483

versicolor 144

versiforme 14 5

Sterigmatocystis .... 33

nigra 33

Sticta 154

crocata 154

erosa 154

herbacea 154

pulmonaria 154

quercizans 154

STICTACEAE 117

Stictis 117

fimbriata 117

STILBACEAE 4:2

Stilbum 42

erythrocephalum .... 42

flavipes 42

magnum 42

vulgare 43

S'tremontis 30

ferruginea 30

fusca 30

Smithii 30

Streptococcus 28

pyogenes 28

ureae 28

Strbptopus 230

roseus 230

.Streptothrix 35

atra 35

Strobilomyces 134

strobilaceus 134

Stropharia 132

semiglobata 132

stercoraria 132

Strophostyles 290

helvola 290

.Stylophorum 261

diphyllum 261

Stylosanthes 287

biflora 287

elatiar 287

procumbcns 287

riparia 287

S'TYRACACEAE 328

Symphoricarpos 362

orbiculata 362

Symphoricarpos .... 362

Symphytum 338

officinale 338

Symplocarpus 223

foetidus 223

Synaxdra 343

hispidula 343

Synchytrium 83

decipiens 83

Syndesmon 257

thalictroides 257

thalictroides rosea... 257

.Synedra 29

ulna 29

Synosma 387

suaveolens 387

Syntherisma 205

linearis 205

sanguinalis 205

Taenidia 318

integerrima 318

Tagetes 385

patula 385

Tanacetum 386

vulgare 386

Tapesia 112

fusca 112

sanguinea 112

subiculata 113

Taphrina 118

deformans 118

Pnini 118

Tapinia 127

panuoides 127

Taraxacum 366

erythrospermum .... 367

officinale 366

Taraxacum 366

TAXACEAE 201

Taxus 201

baccata Canadensis.. 201

Canadensis 201

Tecoma 355

radicans 355

Teichospora 102

nitida 102

Tephrosia 286

Virginiana 286

Tethraphis 181

pellncida 181

Teucrium 340

Canadense 340

Thalesia 355

uniflora 355

Thalictrum 259

anemonoides 257

clavatum 259

dioicum 259

polygamum 259

purpurascens 259

Thamnium 183

-Mlegheniense 183

Thaspium 317

barbinode 317

trifoliatum 317

trifoliatum aureum . . 317

Thelephora 144

pedicellata 144

sebacea 144

THELEPHORACEAE. Hi

Thelia 184

asprella 1S5

hirtella 184

Thelochistes 151

concolor 152

concolor efFusa 152

parietinus 151

Thelotrema 156

subtile 156

Therofon 269

aconitifolium 269

Thuidium 185

delicatniuni 185

microphyllum 185

minutulum 185

recognitum 185

scitum 185

Virginianum 185

Thuja 199

occidentalis 199

THYMELEACEAE . . 309

Thyronectria 105

denigrata 105

Missouriensis 105

Thyrsidium 75

hedericolum Carpini. 75

Tiarella 269

cordifolia 269

Tiedemannia 315

rigida 315

Tilia 303

Americana 303

heterophylla 303

Michauxii 303

TILIACEAE 303

TiLLETIA 77

striaeformis 77

Tritici 77

TiLMADOCHE 29

gyrocephala 29

nutans 29

viridis 29

TiPULARIA 235

unifolia 235

Tithymalopsis 294

corollata 294

Tithymalus 295

commutatus 295

Cyparissias 295

Darlingtonii 295

Lathyrus 295

obtusatus 295

Tortella 177

humilis 177

tortuosa 177

unguiculata 177

Tortula 177

484

INDEX, l.niNC FLOKA.

muralis 177

TORULA 34

dimidiata 34

herbarvini 35

ToxYLc N 243

pomiterum 243

Tradescantia 224

pilosa 225

\'i]giniaiia 224

Tragopogon 866

porrifolius 366

Trametes 140

mollis 140

odorata 140

Ohioensis 140

robineophila 140

Scpitiiii 139

Tranzschelia 86

punctata 86

Trautvetteria 258

Carolinensis 258

palmata 258

Trematosphaeria 101

vitigena 101

Tremella 149

aurantia 149

frondosa 149

intumescens 149

virens 150

Tremellodon 143

gelatinosum 143

Triadenum 306

Virginicum 306

Trichaegum 42

nodulosum 43

Trichia 31

chrysosperma 31

fallax 31

proximella 31

Trichocolija 169

tomentella ion

Trichoderma 32

lignorum 32

Tricholoma 121

aurantia l<il

fumoso-luteum 121

grave 121

Peckii 121

rutilens 121

Trichopeziza 113

albo-lutea 113

capitata 113

Trtchosphaieria 96

pulchrista 06

Trichostema 340

dichotomum 340

Trichostomum 173

pallidum 173

Trichothecium

roseum

Tricuspis

seslerioides

Trientalis

Americana

Trifolium

agrarium

arvense

aureum

hybridum

pratense

procumbens

repens

stoloniferum

Virginicum

Trillium

cernuum

erectum

erectum album

erectum declinatum.

erythrocarpitm

grandiflorum

nivale

sessile

undulatum

Trimmatostroma . . . .

Americana

Triodia

cttprea

Triosteum

perfoliatum

Triphora

trianthophora

Tripsacum

dactyloides

Trogia

crispa

TRYPETHELIACEAE.
Trypethelium

exocanthum

virens . .

TSUGA

Canadensis

TUBARIA

furfuracea

TUEERCULARIA

Celastri

haniata

Sambuci

vulgaris

TUnERCULARIACEAE

TUBERCULINA

persicina

Tl'BULINA

cylindrica

Tylopilus

alboaster

34

34

212

212

328

328

285

286

285

286

286

285

286

285

286

285

231

231

231

231

■^Zl

231

231

231

231

231

48

48

212

212

361

361

236

236

203

203

128

138

162

162

162

162

201

201

130

130

44

44

44

44

44

44

45

45

30

30

133

133

gracilis 133

Tylostoma 24

mammosum 24

Tympanis 115

conspersa 115

Oxydendri 115

Typha 201

latifolia 201

TYPIIACEAE 201

Tyromyces 135

chioneus 133

undosus 135

Ulex 284

Europaeus 284

ULMACEAE 242

Ulmaria 276

rubra 276

Ulmaria 276

Ulmus 242

Americana 243

fulva 242

racemosa 242

Ulocolla 149

foliacea 149

Ulota 178

Americana 178

Hutchinsiac 178

Ludwegii 178

ulophylla 17S

UMBELLIFERAE . . . 325

Umbilicaria 153

Dillenii 153

Muhlenbergii 153

papulosa 153

Pennsylvanica 153

pustulata 153

UMBILICARIACEAE. 153

Uncinula 87

Americana .■ . . 87

Ampelopsidis 87

circinata 87

geniculata 87

macrospora . . .' 87

necator 87

parvula 87

Unifolium 230

Canadense 230

racemosum 230

Uniola 214

latifolia 214

UREiDINACEAE 77

Uredo 85

Agrimoniae 85

P.igelowII ?5

Medusae 85

Urnula 115

craterium 115

Urocystis 77

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

4H5

Anemones 77

Uromyces 78

Agropyri 77

appendiculatus 78

Caladii 79

carcinoides 77

effusus 79

Hedysari-paniculati . 78

Howci 79

Hyperici 79

Lespedeaae 78

Polygoni 78

Silphii 79

Terebinthi 79

Trifolii 78

Urtica 243

gracilis 243

urens 243

URTICACEAE 243

Urticastrum 243

divaricatum 243

USNEA 151

barbata 151

barbata florida i51

trichodes 151

USNEACEAE 151

USTILAGINACEAE . 76

USTILAGO 76

anomala 76

Avenae 76

Avenalaevis 76

cesati 76

laevis 76

Maydis 76

perennans 76

segctum 76

tricuspidis 76

Tritici 76

Tritici 77

utriculosa 76

Zeae 76

USTULINA 94

vulgaris 94

LTtricularia 355

biflora 355

cornuta 355

UVULARIA 226

grandiflora 227

perfoliata 226

puberula 227

sessilifolia 227

Vaccaria 250

Vaccaria 250

VACCINIACEAE .... 325

Vaccinium 326

Canadense 326

corymbosum 326

erythrocarptim 326

inacrocarpon 326

mucronatum 298

nigrum 326

pallidum 326

Pennsylvanicum .... 326

staniineiini 325

vacillans 326

Vagnera ,30

racemosa 230

V^aginata 121

Vaginata 121

Valeriana 362

pauciflora 363

VALERIANACEAE . . 362

Valerianella 362

chenopodifolia 362

Vallisneria 203

spiralis 203

VALLISNERIACEAE. 203

Valsa 90

Abietis 91

albo])uncta 91

ambiens 91

caryigoia 60, 64

ceratophora 90

Chionanthi 91

coronata 91

Diospyri 90

etherialis 90

goniotoDia 61

leucostoma 92

Linderae 93

Nyssae 91

pauperata 92

praestans 91

subclypeata 91

Vitis 91

Valsaria IQii

exasperans 100

Venenarius 131

muscarius 131

V^ERATRUM 226

viride 226

V^erbascum 350

Blattaria 350

Lychinitis 350

Thapsus 350

Verbena 340

angustifolia 340

hastata 340

officinalis 340

urticaefolia 340

VERBENACEAE 340

Verbesina 383

alternifolia 383

occidentalis 383

Vermicui^ria 57

.\rctii 57

compacta 57

dematium 57

liliacearum 58

petiolarum 57

phlogina 57

subeffigurata 57

subeffigurata scapin-

cola 57

Toxica 57

Trautvetteriae 57

Vernonia 370

altissiina 370

gigantea 370

maxima 370

maxima pubescens... 370

Noveboracensis 370

Noveboracensis latifo-

lia 370

Veronica 352

Americana 352

Anagallis-aquatica . . 352

arvensis 352

Leptandr.\ 353

officinalis 352

peregrin a 352

serpyllifolia 352

Virginica 353

Verrucaria 162

fuscella 162

punctella 162

VERRUCARIACEAE . 162

Verticillium 33

osteophilum 33

puniceum 34

Vibrissea 108

truncorum 108

Viburnum 360

acerifolium 360

alnifolium 360

cassinoides 361

dentatum 361

lantanoides 360

Lentago 361

Opulus Americanum. 361

nudum 361

prunifolium -. . 361

ViciA 289

Caroliniana 289

Viola 306

affinis 307

affinis X cucullata. . . 308

alsophila 307

aiuocna 307

blanda 307

Canadensis 308

canina Miihlenbergii. 308

conspersa 308

cucullata 306

fimbriatula 307

hastata 308

zj86

liirsutula 307

I.abradorica 308

lanceolata 307

Muhlcnhergii Labrad-

orica 308

palniata 306

papilionacea 307

pedata 306

pedata bkolor 306

primulaefolia 307

pubescens 307

Rafinesquei 308

rostrata 308

rotundifolia 307

sagittata 307

scabriuscula 308

sororia 307

striata 308

icnella Muhl 308

triloba 308

villosa 307

VIOLACEAE 306

VITACEAE 302

Vins 302

aestivalis 303

bicolor 302

cordifolia 303

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

indi'jisa 303

Labiusca 302

rotundifolia 302

rupf stris 3C2

vulpina 302

VOLUTELLA 46

ciliata 40

'v'^OLVAKIA 128

bonibycina 12S

hypopyta 129

Waldsteinia 277

fragarioides 277

VVashingtonta 313

Claytoni 318

iongistylis 319

Webera 181

proligera 181

sessilis 181

WE HER ACE AE 181

Weisia 177

Americana 178

nlophylla 178

viridula 177

Woodsia 196

obtusa 196

Xanthium 369

Canadense 369

commune 309

glabratum 369

strumariiiin 369

spinosum 3G9

Xanthorrhiza 254

apiifolia 254

X'ANTHOXYLUM 292

Americanum 292

XOLISMA 324

ligustrina 324

ligustrina pubescens. 324

Xylaria 94

corniformis 94

Cornu-Damae 94

flabelliformis 94

Hypoxylon 94

polymorph a 94

ZiziA 319

aurea 319

atirea Behbii 319

Bebbii 319

cordata 319

Zygodesmus 35

graminicola 35

pannosus 35

tiliaceus 35

WEST \1RC,I\IA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 487

SUMMARY OF PART I.

Genera. Species.

Funoi, etc 430 1330

Liclicnes _ . . 3^ 176

Thallophyta, etc 469 1506

Hepaticae - 48 78

Musci 68 171

Sphagnaceae _ 2 8

P.rvophyta 118 257

Equisitae - i 4

Filices 16 43

Ophioglossaceae - 2 7

Lycopodiaceae i 6

Selaginellaceae _ i 2

Pteridophyta 21 62

Gymnospermae - 8 15

Monocotyledonae 118 347

Dicotyledonae - 476 1224

Anthophyta 602 1586

Total number of species, varieties and forms detected in the

State to the date of this Flora 341 1

INDEX TO PART II.

A

ALETIIOPTERIS

aquilina, 407, 446

ambigua, 408, 435

decurrens, 407, 438

Evansii, 408, 434

gigas, 409, 450

grandifolia, 408, 430

lonchitica, 407, 434, 438

Massilionis, 408, 438

pennsylvanica, 408, 443

S'erlii (Brongn), 408, 438,
445

Serlii var. americana, 408,
434

Serlii var. europeae, 408,
434

sp. ?, 409, 480, 432

virginiana, 408, 450
ALLEGHENY FORMA-
TION, Plants from, 443
ANEIMITES

Adiantites, 393

adiantoides, 393, 430

fertilis, 393, 430

sp., 430

sp. ?, 393

tenuifolius, 393, 431
ANNULARIA

acicularis, 418, 439

carinata, 419, 452

cuspidata, 418, 435

minuta, 419, 452

radiata, 418, 434, 439, 45:?

raniosa, 418, 432, 440

sphenophylloides, 418, 440,
444, 452

sp.?, 419, 432

stellata, 418, 440, 444, 453
APHLEBIA

filiciformis, 415, 447, 452

laciniata, 415

laciniatum, 451

lactiica, 415, 452

speciosissima, 415, 452

spinosa, 415, 431

ARCHAEOPTERIS

alleghaniensis, 392, 429

Bockschiana, 393

Bockschianus, 429

n. sp. ?, 393, 435

stricta, 393, 485
ASTEROCALAMITES

scrobiculatus, 416, 431, 432
ASTEROPHYLLITES

equisetiformis 417, 439

erectifolius, 418, 434

gracilis, 417, 434

lycopodioides, 417, 439

minutus, 417, 430, 432,
435, 439

rigidus, 418, 439

sp., 430

sp. ?, 417

B

BAIERA

virginiana, 425, 453
BETULA

nigra, 429, 453
BOTHRODENDRON

niinutifolium, 421, 440

sp. ?, 421, 440

C.ALAMITES

approximatus, 417, 434,
435, 439

cannaeformis, 416, 432

Cistii, 416, 439, 444

ramosus, 417, 439

Roemeri, 416, 434

sp.?, 417, 432

Suckowi, 416, 439, 452
C.\LAMITINA

sp. ?, 417, 439
C.\LAMODENDRON

sp. ?, 417, 439
C.\LAMOS'TACHYS

lanceolata, 419, 432

ramosus, 419, 440

sp. ?, 435

CALLIPTERIDIUM

inaequale, 409, 443
sp., 434
sp. ?, 409

CALLIPTERIS
conferta, 409, 450
currentiensis, 409, 451
frondosa, 409
lyratifolia, 451
lyratifolia var. coriacea,
409

CARDIOCARPON

bicuspidatum, 426. 435,

436
cornutum, 426, 436
elongatiim, 426, 435
minor. 426, 435, 442

CARDIOPTERIS
frondosa, 430

CARMICHAEL.S C L A Y ,

Fossils from, 453
CARPOLITHES

bicarpus, 428, 453

ellipticus, 428, 445

fragarioides, 428, 442

marginatus, 428, 453

sp., 430

sp.?, 428, 433
CASTANE.V

pumila, 429, 453
C.VULOPTERIS

elliptica 415, 451

gigantea, 415, 451
CHEILANTHITES

nummularius, 395, 436

obtusilobus, 395, 445

obtusilobus var. dilatata,
395, 436

solidus, 395, 445

squamosus, 395, 442, 445

trifoliolatus, 394, 436
CLARK FORMATION,

Plants from, 430
CONEMAUGH FORMA
TION, Plants from, 445

WEST X'IRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

489

CORDAICARPON

cinctum, 426, 442

circulare, 442

circularis, 426

Gutbieri, 426, 446
CORDAITES

borassifolius, 425, 441

crassinervis, 425, 453

Robbii, 425, 431, 435
CYPERUS'

sp.?, 438, 453

D

DICKSONITES

Pluckeneti, 447
DIPLOTHMEMA

Jacquoti, 395

pacliy derma, 395, 447
DUNKARD FORMATION,

Plants from, 447

EQUISETITES

elongatus, 416, 452
occidentalis, 416, 431, 432
rugosus, 415, 452
striatus, 416, 452

EQUISETUM

arvense L., 428, 453

EREMOPTERIS

artemisiaefolia, 393, 436
Cheathami, 394, 433
decomposita, 394,, 433
elegans, 394, 431, 433
lincolniana, 394, 436
macilenta, 394, 430, 433
microphylla, 394, 431
n. sp., 436
Sauveuri, 394, 436
solida, 442
sp.?, 394, 435

FAGUS

ferruginea, 429, 453

GUILIELMITES

orbicularis, 428, 453

HALONIA

sp.?, 423, 433

KANAWHA FORMATION,
Plants from, 436

LEPIDOCYSTIS
obtusus, 441
siliqua, 429

vesicularis, 424, 441, 445,
446

LEPIDODENDRON

acuminatum, 422, 432, 440
Brittsii, 421, 440
clypeatum, 422, 441
dichotomum, 422, 441
lanceolatum, 432, 440
magnum, 432
modulatum, 423, 441, 444
obovatum, 422, 441
rushvillense, 421, 436
scrobiniforme, 421, 429
selaginoides, 421, 431
Sternbergii, 422, 432, 434
Veltheimianum, 422, 432,
440

LEPIDOPHLOIOS
laricinus, 422, 441
sp.?, 423, 445

LEPIDOPHYLLUM
acuminatum 433, 441
brevifolium, 423, 445
Campbellianum, 424, 433,

441
cultriforme, 434', 441
hastatum, 424, 445
Jenneyi, 423, 445
lanceolatum, 424, 441
oblongifolium, 423, 445
sp. ?, 424, 433, 435, 436

LEPIDOSTROBUS
ornatus, 423, 441
Salisburyi, 423, 441
sp.?, 441
sp. nov., 423

variabilis, 423j 433, 436,
441

LESCUROPTERIS
adiantites, 414
adiantoides, 451
Moorii, 414, 447

LINOPTERIS
obliqua, 414, 444

LIQUIDAMBAR

styraciflua, 429, 453

LYCOPODITES
Meekii, 421, 440

n. sp., 421, 433
pendulus, 421, 446
simplex, 431, 440

M

MACROS'TACHYA
sp., 434
sp. ?, 419

MARIOPTERIS

acuta, 396, 435, 436

Andraena, 396, 437

dimorpha, 396, 431

inflata, 396, 436

Jacquoti, 436

latifolia, 396, 431, 436

muricata, 396, 433, 435,
436

nervosa, 396, 437, 443, 445

Newberryi, 397, 443

pottsvillea, 395, 431, 433

pottsvillea var., 396

pygmaea, 396, 435

Sillimanni, 396, 443, 445

sphenopteroides, 397, 437,
443

spinulosa, 397, 446
MEGALOPTERIS

Dawsoni, 409, 432

Hartii, 410, 434

sewellensis, 410, 433, 434

sp. ?, 409, 435
MONONGAHELA FORMA-
TION, Plants from, 446

N

NEMATOPHYLLUM

angustum, 418, 452
NEUROPTERIS

Agassizi, 413, 444

auriculata, 413, 451

biformis, 411, 434

callosa, 412, 447

Carrii, 412, 439

Cistii, 412, 439

cordata, 413, 451

crenulata, 413, 447

dictyopteroides, 412, 451

Elrodi, 411, 431

fimbriata, 412, 444, 446,
451

flexuosa, 411, 438

Gibbosa, 412, 451

gigantea, 411, 439

Grangeri, 412, 447

Lindleyana, 411, 432

490

n. sp. No. 1, 413
odontopteroides, 413
ovata, 411, 439, 444, 446,

451
Planchardi var. longifolia,

411, 451
plicata, 412
Pocahontas, 410, 430
rarinervls, 4ll, 439, 443
Scheuchzeri, 413, 439, 444,

446, 447
Schlehani, 410, 434
Smithii, 410, 430, 432
sp.?, 413, 434, 435
tenuifoHa, 411, 430
verniicularis, 412, 444
Zeilleri, 413, 439
NUTTALL SANDSTONE,

Plants from, 435

O

ODONTOPTERIS
aequalis, 414, 444
densifolia, 414, 451
gracillima, 415, 434, 435
nervosa, 414, 451
neuropteroides, 414, 432
Newberryi, 414, 434
obtusiloba var. rarinervis,

414, 451
Reichiana, 415, 451
subcuneata, 414, 444
Wortheni, 414, 444

OLIGOCARPIA

alabaniensis, 401, 438
sp.?, 401, 438

PALAEOXYRIS'

appendiculata, 428, 442
PECOPTERIS

angustipinna, 405, 449
arborescens, 404, 449
arborescens var. integripin-

na, 404
arguta, 404, 449
aspera, 403, 438
asplenioides, 405, 449
Callipteridium, 407, 450
Candolleana, 404, 449
crenulata, 406, 438
Dawsonianiana, 407, 450
dentata, 402, 443
dentata var. parva, 405, 448
dentata var. crenata, 403,

448
elegans, 404, 449

INDEX, FOSSIL FLORA.

cUiptica, 403, 407, 448,

450
emarginata, 403, 443, 448
Germari, 402, 448
Germari var. crassinervis,

402, 448
Germari var. cuspidata,

402, 448
Goniopteris, 403, 404, 448,

449
Goniopteroides, 404, 449
grandifolia, 407, 450
Heeriana, 405, 449
imbricata, 405, 449
inclinata, 405, 449
Integra, 406, 438
Jenneyi, 406, 446
lanceolata, 405, 449
latifolia, 406, 450
longifolia, 403, 448
Merianopteroides, 406, 450
microphylla, 404, 449
Miltoni, 406, 443, 446, 450
Newberryana, 403, 448
nodosa, 404, 447
notata, 406, 446
oblonga, 403, 448
oblongifolia, 407, 450
odontopteroides, 407, 450
oreopteridia, 405, 443, 446,

449
ovoides, 406, 450
pachypteroides, 403, 448
pennaeformis var. latifolia,

404, 449
platynervis, 405, 449
plumosa, 402, 435, 438
Pluckeneti, 402, 448
Pluckeneti var. constricta,

402, 448
polymorpha, 406, 446, 450
pteroides, 406, 450
rarinervis, 405, 449
rotundifolia, 406, 450
rotundiloba,. 405, 449
Schimperiana, 405, 449
serrulata, 402, 434
sp. ?, 406, 407, 446, 449,

450
subfalcata, 405, 449
tenuinervis, 405, 449
unita, 403, 407, 443, 445,

446
unitum, 450
vestita, 404, 443
villosa, 404, 438, 443, 446

PLATANUS

occidentalis, 429, 453

POACORDAITES

sp. ?, 425, 442
1> O C O N O FORMATION,

Plants from, 429
POTAMOGETON

Robbinsii, 429, 453
PRINCETON CONGLOM-
ERATE, Plants from,
430

Q

QUERCUS

falcata, 429, 453
QUINNIMONT FORMA-
TION, Plants from, 431

RHABDOCARPOS

amygdalaeformis, 427, 442
Bockschianus, 427, 442
multistriatus, 426, 442
n. sp., 430
oblongatus 427, 453
sp.?, 427, 433
sp.. 431, 435
sulcatus, 427, 442
tenax, 426 442

SAPORTAEA
grandifolia, 426
salisburioides, 426, 453

S E W E L L FORMATION,
Plants from, 433

SIGILLARIA

approximata, 425, 453
Brardii, 425, 453
camptotaenia, 424, 445
dentata, 425, 433
fissa, 424, 441, 446
ichtyolepis, 425, 441
Menardi, 424, 447
reticulata, 424, 435, 441
sp. ?, 425, 433

S'PHENOPHYLLUM
angustifolium, 420, 452
antiquum, 419, 434
cuneifolium, 435, 440
densifolium, 421, 452
emarginatum, 419. 440, 444
filiculme, 420, 452
Fontaineaum, 420, 452
furcatum, 420, 440
Lescurianum, 419, 440
longifolium, 420, 452
majus, 420, 444, 445, 446
oblongifoHum, 420, 452
tenue, 420, 432
tenuifolium, 420, 452
Thoni, 420, 452

WEST \1K(;IXIA GEOr-OGICAL SURVEY

491

■;PHENOPTERIS
acrocarpa, 401, 448
auriculata, 400, 448
breviloba, 400, 447
Broadheadi, 400, 438
canneltonensis, 401, 438
chaeropliylloides, 400, 44H
communis, 401, 433
Crepini, 402, 438
Crossotheca, 397, 402, 438,

443, 445
Cymoglossa, 447
delicatula, 399, 437
dentata, 400, 447
dicksonoides, 399, 431
distans, 398, 430
divaricata, 398, 431
dubuissonis, 399, 437
elegans, 397, 437
flexicaulis, 399, 433
foliosa, 400, 448
formosa, 400, 447
furcata, 397, 435, 437
geniculata, 398, 437
Goepperti, 398, 431
hastata, 401, 448
Hildrethi, 398, 437
Hoeninghausi, 398, 430,

431
hymenophylloides, 399, 437

kaiwinensis, 399, 437
Larischii, 399, 433
Lescuriana, 400, 448
linearis, 398, 435
Linkii, 399, 437
lobata, 400, 447
microcarpa, 400, 432, 433,

437
minutisecta, 400, 445, 447
mixta, 401, 438
obtusifolia, 447
obtusiloba, 400
ophioglossoides, 397, 402,

438, 443, 445
pachynervis, 401
patentissima, 397, 431
pinnatifida, 399, 443
rarinervis, 398, 430
Renaultia, 400, 432, 437
Royi, 397, 433
sagittatus, 402, 443
schatzlarensis, 400, 437
spinosa, 397, 437
sp. ?, 401, 430, 448
stipulate, 401, 443
subgeniculata, 398, 430
tenella, 399, 437
tracyana, 399, 437
trichomanoides, 398, 437
zeilleria, 399, 437

TAENIOPTERIS
Lescuriana, 410, 451
Newberriana, 410, 451
Newberriana var. angusta,
410, 451

TRIGONOCARPUM

ampullaeforme, 427, 442
clavatum, 427
Noeggerathii, 428, 442
oliviaeforme, 427, 435
triloculare, 427, 435

TRILETES
sp.?, 425, 436

TRIPHYLLOPTERIS
Lescuriana, 393, 429
virginiana, 393, 429

U

ULMUS

racemosa, 429, 453
ULODENDRON

majus, 423, 441

sp.?, 423, 433

W

VVHITTLESEYA
elegans, 426, 435