SS” ne 9 NP2/,(P~17.1) ‘ (D74.)(WFS/WSL ) 21 August 1946 U. S. NAVY UNDERWATER SOUND LABORATORY FORT TRUMBULL, NEW LONDON, CONNECTICUT LONG DISTANCE SOUND RANGING EQUIPMENT (SOFAR) — INSTALLATION AND OPERATING NOTES USL REPORT NO. 55 by DOCUMENT W. S. Latham LISRARY : Woods lite Oceanographic We F. Saars Iocabeution Approved for Distribution Gehan’ gd é Lys Cs ¥ 3 John = Ide, Technical Director M. Ke Clementson, Commander, USN Commanding Officer yA Ce AY] RY BIASES ) DISTRIBUTION Chief, ONR - ONR Patents Division, New York Director NRL (2) BuShips Code, 938 (4) y= Director WHOL Director USNEL HNN AU 0 0301 0072378 4 Se vortuarmenld ts “PMO. — pnt aretl cadtelyta einsdet ee th CS.) PAW so dns cea al Gy BEC ohed ea.tce . JORW to Soe. ith SMe oder toe LA ‘ iam = > ws . ti ‘ 7 ra = : - ' . » - ‘ a ) = [yaees 7 ri ackin i and for preparing it: nee ‘tt ane ae en ‘procedure is described in < Ene) ORS 5 instructions are given for receiving and recording deep boca a pro SESE is ipuecellace! for using hes a) D7h, duthorized re : Pe Seeese Sok Dee gee em a a es RI 1 = 4 : : o t Beiagtesatt of oth: Atal ees)". wie SDs ‘ t ps aa AS Wachdigeys bis eb Oy ee) EOE ete BOE eae tie. Cee tole v if 7 e oo ‘i ° a a 5 4 i ee be, eye * CO SEN RORO 2 oman egHS ane) Eat. RC OEM es USED) — ¢ GLabee tS cas een : bodes AST FER iy Raat ie 3 < 10 Neen) id Been see TABLE OF CONTENTS ‘geet | age . olan o 2 2 o © 3 e ee aa of the Sound Channel in Effect, Beth ex duane ° eo An 9 ° GO? “eR.ele cs re @ \o- 10 a © «oe MOrierae stir atten Ome eacc 's ster de) le loa rting MEvACeck) ime Metis: voy leis. Aaa Neln er Menta hohe g@ the Power Supply. « o 0 co + 2 6 2 be 0 0 « eting the Hydrophones Ci chicdiajhe ecto mot ck cfictre oulio: te pune Gablenay ane. ioe 3) fa 1cl sitet a0" 76 ae Performance Tests. Se eiae Pie me ee cvs aches” cpascrc O YANEEWWWH NHN FP FH the 2 SOFAR Bquipaent When a Signal is Received. . 10 rat ng both Channels Simmltareousiyie as BP Ces dic rae sires gmat LIST OF FIGURES | 7 Ed of a Completed Station say - SOFAR Stata ther 2), a Pees yy dao Ao facts a ee oAe oon | £0 ep WORE a Atte. ais vt lg qatoT 2 ere wit i | ane f ahd xs oasied foo vtoy se 8 intacs sae asp aa . \ i Ay te ant a ty Prog A 2 ott wat pega rad spolss pine} en po “ANIC! EVN 4 edt ae Ciineay ube FP GHooN u Bae Oa ut ae » eae Bit he : ate any rm et intoryt pe i cea gas. ie shy ape mat tal 200i: ale ‘aoe alton mae ee aA “| = ae eH tule ete ole ie T ate . wv tee | Uy a] mt é 1 n a ¥ oa hingeens square law" is easily seaer as a aamanemance AG ‘ ion Bde conservation. — On the other hand, according to } ideal sound channel the only intensity loss is due to attenuation, eee Tinea ERE ERSe oe the HES EEIOE travell pos by the sound ieee distance Bound ranging system is based on the faet that mating at a depth beneath the main thermocline (about 4000 feet Atlantic Ocean) are effectively channeled by natural con- ae is so effective that the Se een of one pound ne t ic in arval between an glasien § in the sound channel ann the val rc. the nd at a distant monitoring station is proportional to the vai of the sound at three separate stations can be 1 Bie This report describes the method for installing and. she equ pment which has been developed in experimental form for and tin g the arrival of such signals, the ee ee in the ocean decreases rather steadily down to Oey 4000 feet in the North Atlantic) and below this depth EEE pressure, on the other hand, necueel sy, da. Thus, an explosion can be located by geometrical methods fe tH ea Banieg AS ote (me MONS Boot ISR iis Deas me, eas hesune Brice eB ee | egotsce e039 Sort sone Tate aie as ‘o7aNpE pd As sto CARE pa ey ae f Pho woneperhos sae teh ite yiheRer ae tere! ericupe sess! te Os Ronde) EHS ae ite Rea ARO Seb B VAD warene te 48 Serie ek babes er 26 gigedadod sift AAA TTISS TMD, Pyles 10° nal sabeviouson ne 4 nOnEae Belton UMS Anes, xd actin met ioe a eo teusbta geld ef eeol gras ace t tte. sas Yeaner: ch “bane J . sbesice bt Me Be llevesd: gouedasy @ ot che. aod sant BOR purreN aust ‘auitbom icine peau Tay ey Oa 1 ne oll phe ets lage guise yd ene do Yleyvidoeite ents” (mseot Milano 610220, ag iealgis ehh ee igi guiiselse Ga wt poi lors: cs Nee 5 eel in CUO es. doers pee. oHi5, oh betas soe fe8, aoe Lt wid bas [eonsio bases o3. \erktac es ijudacrd ef notisda nino ren ined 6. da: bios nee fe ‘aboiltem Seo inssnoe9 ee Boltaoel ue ae ae bao atest geil, | bole are 62 ec) Eas anoiisda staveqes ae ue se an ao Jeviss 16 to emis ay bla snéliegant tol pocdsm pits asd not tos a! Legion brag xe a sa faye . ee : Town our MivuAGS: Wine 2 shat 20. HOUTA Wi sug § tn : Siviqaiyegeshe LsoLn GScCe aie fe aaitew! id bate 6 viteatey. opt t Ne stoum’: gaan Pit, Sauk deans sts He do. mamokes, sO BeGe IG TMIRBEETOET, taht arnt a Rote as eae sand Foes] : wy, ada swear iv fined ete ah at ant rd settee DUeoy a HAY, Hoste oper ue er a 40% “ voeat 60:5 otanteoubyt ~ Ma geet 9 inereases with depth. Above this critical depth, the temperature change has 2 greater effect than pressure change on sound velocity. The pressure change has a greater effect below this depth; As a consequence, a sound originating at a depth of about 4000 feet is bent downward by the layers of water above it and upward by the layers.of water below. 8, Sound is therefore channeled horizontally at a depth which actually varies in different parts of the ocean, but is sufficiently constant to z make the SOFAR system possible, It spreads horizontally in all directions, : but many of the sound rays which tend at first to go up or down are bent _-—s back into the horizontal channel. ; 9. When an explosion at a distance of several hundred miles or more is i. ‘received at a SOFAR monitoring station, the signal sounds like the roll Ab of a kettle drum building up to a crescendo and ceasing abruptly. This peculiar quality of the received signal is explained on the hypothesis that the sound travelling by the direct route from exploding bomb to hydrophone is also travelling by the slowest route, The sound waves which are refracted from above or below cross and re-cross the axis of the sound channel, actually reaching the hydrophone before the direct sound because ___ they travel through layers of water in which the velocity is greater, The time interval between the first sound reaching the hydrophone and the sub~ seguent sharp cut-off is about one second for every thousand miles, . DESCRIPTION OF THE EQUTEMENT 10, The receiving, recording, and timing equipment for one POO station consists of: (a) A 5-foot cabinet-type panel rack {itsck 1), containing dual amplifiers, power supplies, attenuators, and a monitor power , amplifier. (b) A 4-foot cabinet-type panel rack {liack 2), containing the auto~ ie matic switching device, the "slow-speed" PL Recorder, and a Magnetic ee", _ Tape Recorder (number 2). (ce) A 4-foot cabinet type panel rack (Reck 3), containing the break circuit chronometer, the "high-speed" PL Recorder, and a Magnetic 1 Tape Recorder (numberl). (d) A monitor speaker mounted in a bass reflex cabinet. (e) A General Electric voltage stabilizer. (f) Connecting cables, spare parts, and a supply of waxed-—paper tape for the PL graphic level recorders, eae a ee’ LS _ / aki oe & as ‘7 i ; r A : a) . TES be SS. fia + j= - Pitt ; Onigeanm el iFewrey Posed: yin ay iad e coer . teal ; brqy deh . Spee Le veh GAR ee Tone | v Led ok i : ry y byeye le aad yd teisieroh taeda ha geet Hout a (2h aS 25) OLS TEA ee agasy sik “YC ip) pe ue iE ae ea C2. nstrhon via iSect Bo ft cgi 0S 19 eine eae rd . 4 : 7 ’ m pong if nudge pias ess Pie saoalege beef Street ayute mo : es “~ Yad B (nosso, i Si) O2at to “sellig Boabaut fexayee tcl: gone deth: B $a poke 2a foxe pe sake : iow silt ont Boistoa! Leap te Othe nokdeds ation ities SUIS gs 3s Hav, SENT wiidounle aakeseo Die Gimessets & od quo wioi ted’ misb alddonl at : Rieonsoigt ods Goriaigns ab Leagin bevi BIST Sty 0 yells: a3. Hod dod) ere The od Shoe soeuLD a el ay eee eae) pale Hoe: sewan borioe aah. aductr awe lie Sit 5 9) Bios edd ic olxe gos ceoudeon bre og sree Thee Retsoeg, buwe dana rid Sted snodqoray edd = feng . BEL (aithase Ks © ofey oft doidw nd teter to avis devortnd in biteets bls) & faba : eo ih suahgs Drves veukt aiid deewdad isyxo.n . Ey aa gre avouls: ef Ee PUR ERES: an TEE OY a cee 5 ee a a r Wceomar Volumes (ons aot drsaginos cate Dre see Gr: “tv teoor edt 7 : ee t eck fs satniedesoe ie looy densdegydedanisics oka Gath 7 + \ A¢yoq nodinns s bts ,2tctsigeede emer s ‘1ewoy 2otehtefoms ‘i : tet T iL ns an - ! > 7 : - ; 7 < * + i a y "Ue vesd afinindnss 2. S sock ) Heat Tega garcesentdso Jc otad A (a) } donne 2 bow . teaser Ol “hasqe- ar ene) (obivo> yn ilo dee ait Si ae : Wats ted) sebgogen cask sigend er} apinisines 210 os4) singe, Lenagioays Jonides Soot a. : bose Go DNS POSES vit Npsones Re ae, su onpneane Wiese . § (fete att) seb tor oh oe ee per topes Reise (cae Biwe Podeaon HOURS yo a AB) . : ae i 4 mse liven es Aleks Pans oli fowned/ im ce 4 ; / 4 “oqeideborcd So indus a bos (oes ates |, eeldto enh tooemed a ; 2ceotGsei aves singqecy JX) oe a edged a : FARA ak i bo Pa r including the material in the 3. ‘Tnspect each rack for obvious hai opens is di scovered, place the three iy mM tion as shown in Fig. 1, Rack 1 be in ee Haart positions Rack 2 (the 4-foot rack ae CASSEL) in its eee panel) ma be to the arent to ‘the lest of ‘Rack Le ie Pees Eicast two feet ui from the wall to allow of Sac. rack. They ean be placed a maximum of 14 feet ‘together, sc long es sufficient space is left to emerge fron the sides of Rack 1 through the cks are ‘spaced Be apart they will cover a are should be taken to see that the racks are locat ed. a 3s reflex cabinet should be placed = at all bimes, @ a3 or can east wet 7 Pi, recorder in the top and middle > Sp¢ FL reeorder in the middle panel of extbens sion tracss, Before shipment , these ~ se by Screws: holding them to the cabinet. » the panels so that they can be pulled out to. ze ‘track. Not @ that the chronometer sliding toby using the ho d=down at the Hom of the » located in the top panel of Rack 2, turns — bine index senha oe the PL recorders when os the same tine h will See the peer tee “This alarm “the SINC es e aa cuecure oH the automatic . tea ee Se og) Inagest CAMB GOs, Soils SOPH RS ePAren i om & p Vielies Oy ae LE, Dy OS, re ¢ my igi, Lh PMR oA ee : Sh Reais. wi, Py P34 Z ¢ ay : ; : ROO pr ihe? l ata Sys aut vy ag , : mated i Lon % = ps tee he +) ae “Al Dine jody, if. fait stids ; re a. if 4 és . ' f pa &) bn - ; ' i. = a) ig ; d Ps . aa 8 = Sisdtwn § : i.» eeot Bo os ‘ ; from 60 cycle AC at voltages from 105 to 125 volts. » Line voltage varies beyond these limits or fluctuates consider- i age regulator must be installed to maintain the voltage iL mits. A General Electric Voltage Stabilizer (catalogue ss IP oe with aaa (Gonelioee station for this purpose, Its s Bee ies. cps. aia are ‘ aaa porte. 57-03, cpa. aa ; - 780K at 80 power) factor. y for “the three racks is distributed as follows: le from Rack 1 Aies into AC. source, 60 Eps, in, or into voltage stabilizer, Power cables from Racks 2 and 3 plug into female ock réceptacles located on either side of Rack eee a switch on the front panel of Rack 1 is turned on power 3 racks ‘and their component units, The power eonsump=— itor station with all components turned on and operat—— 20 wattso tee on at vane eich. Zan this eee Preleonaueter ded | she ld he broug sht to the terminal strip on the right side ©: oe ; of Rack 1, After they have been connected, the metal shield provi ded h the equipment should be serewed in place over the = termi inals on the: terminal strip are permanently wired eptacle s located at the top of Rack 1. On the top below these ‘five receptaclés, there are two female CHANEL NG. ] and CHANNEL NO, 2. These receptacles packs ehauns: : ee jumper cables are furnished with hes (one. for each channel) are aleo . ‘These switches are Spy are neoaded: and return euto- a Oa? CULE) PE OIE Ee wesst dh = ge: Oo ee , ; Cone TL halite ee tow Snir ie een oe end oy Fea ren & ee eo Mtind? Coe ai ae ot & Senclatca) thle Hoge: oe) SP vetse bait Be 4 rae wah S oe 2 rr mit a - . re vaihGe gm abet ity ae f° ogee low Rr J ih re . . é oad “hate —, hay eonseusona a . is , * anigae _ . - OG ewiiis Wil Pas Ao mAb ive, OA ai ‘De i in ers 2 0 ae \ io E ; _ a : DEY sii. ks tae he a ire, i ae wise a ; : - p> DO Le PM : ely pile i. Big okie i ’ R : . ; aa , hace ey Me? oT i 1 Ra, &! io er —|siecc vei a 1) irae Fo de Senge as re 2 / [ rd ha h { : ra - Lies } a oat AS eae a fy _— ay , 7 j Wy it ee ONs8 4 4 i oir £ > w hey by . d aT ee Ayre ( oe <1 ie ga? a ‘ : Shas So ste : ry i ¢ tea f vy ” : : i *. cn, Ge Bae FA ay ve 2 a e t ’ dparedl : - F 4 - H 7 Pee hl ne » é a iad | Af : ie y paths Ayn! : PGs g ’ lieu a) Cray) ¥ an) at ee us iF, ia tiaa tay ; ahiy i ee wees Sie ate od eeamag: oe! (ty 3 428 Cbs Tepels ttc notte ere oe : ; o) i . to i : oosi 2 released, When on the central | iti on > each el SH ect lone of “the female Cannon receptacles to its : mreeleces the airelsaieten: by 600—ohm terminating Ao GS channel in place or ‘the hydrophone. ha the | two switches and is labeled SIG, GEN; IN, wiring enone each rack is aimeaaes complete, Before » however , the cables which run from one rack to These cables are supplied with each station and— ae nstalled according to the following table able means "Magnetic 1 pope niccord-on): GALES IRE, FOR. 2 SAAN PLING RACKS Gable. ioe) e DG ription « From ie “fo ad, 4 naan 913) ar _ a Geren caOiroudt Chronometer: Rack 1 Rack 3 tout fron irrorhone oly “ Rack 1 Rack 3 ale Gannon to open end) eee c. CpuL Fen teow 43 ‘irrophone oe pain Rack 2 ‘Gannon to open end) | eh ee Ae ble for ? Time fone In Rack 1 Rack 1 Rack 3: ; (Front) ees Ussortone #2 re | Rack i = Rack 2 ce | First Stage i _ (Front) | a Rack 1 ‘Rack 3 Rack 1 Rack 2 In Rack 1 Ro OL \ a nen five e . PRuseo wit Agoda Leni Te, aah wis oT) aod Cal pe Ie Hw: a ahi Cen) a ae a atesae lett elas Ge waite heb ial Nataly er Lo P 04! Sati leak 7 a A We Ree ee ee ret) ho os ipagh: any ¥ te 2a eels gh wave ee i oi atvig og ah 4 Diba fansen . as ors? wig it cwieid GRE eaten ss gaa i : ; ¥ a eo ees i SE te We Tae Rei. abe oth cay Piss ; meres oe) dis oth, ft: $s I a Mn oS ae OS Teme i ae. SO) ica? Ae 2 eee ean ~~ a) ry a ae Paty j he heat. Baa tat ene en We if he ‘o seid i Neer Ab Ty ‘par in : - + ea Gi © Oh ae, 25 i ‘ : . Diva _ J b ar i Wik re F i - - " ‘ Si £ * ' 0. ~ i mt ie * A al Pay ir ed t » 5 = y i) ugh ait aes | if Z Gable No. #10 #LL #12 #13 ik, #15 ae #17 #LE #19 Description To Index Relay = "High- speed’ Recorder (Male Cannon to open end) To Mirrophone #1 Second Stage 3 ke signal (Male Gannon to open end) To Mirrophone #2 second Stage 3 ke signal (Male Cannon to open end) To Index Relay "Wor<-speed" Recorder (Male Cannon to open end) To Monitor (124-4) — {Male Cannon to Female ‘Cannon ) Power Cable for Jutomatic Operation of Graphic Level Recorder motor Main Power Cable Power Gable to Rack 2 Power Cable to Rack 3 Monitor Amp. (124iE) Output to Speaker (Male Gannon to Female Cannon) Hydrophone Jumper Gable (2) From To Rack 1 Rack 3 Reek 1 Rack 3 Rack 1 Rack 2 Rack 1 Rack In Rack 1 Rack 2 Rack 3 & & Into Rack 1 Rack 1 Rack 2 Rack 1 Rack 3 Rack 1 to Speaker Male Cannon Channel Hy drophone #1 and #2 input on input front Front panel panel Rack #1 Rack #1 Cannon Female 23. The diagram below shows the location of each numbered cable on the rear of the Chronometer Time Control and Phone Monitor (Time Tone Amplifier), third panel from the top of Rack 1, ci hy, rere en rd eeu = oaageg? > Ys Sais Ak ae bee iegu ial earaW nad Pree | » Sei aaes Ty I wwe 4 wo @ 7 Sais ia ae mone : aye eaas8 | a's 6 } He oh ‘ai: ona bienen et ee et Eo Sewiest y ste ) Gt aos Asal pura cit eerie OP .¢ Y eevane c0_ MIRE a ph ae be oe ae oy white ne ra) Wa allet: : : eR and care fu ei ait ' a 1 = 4 ES ot fe ab _ LO=IND 25" black wire 1g the cables. reference plifier, #h, is not shown. both Baden and at the rear of Raeks 2 and 3, rough these bushings ing and recordi oN REY ae st. be a nade. the IRROP. 1 Dr ee an oN | ee is (>) | | {econ RAS ES OR SE Le should be Bushings i -FROM MIRROP.-1 2 made to the block oa shows cables 1-1) except that the power cable to are located at the Cables to allow closing of the rack doors. ng equipment will operate reliably a Bes ees Wa a meta es directions for these Ths not Sheree ‘normally sion: , performance tests and aS ee oct e have been com y fi ade g Location i Rack 1. Rack 1 Rack 1 Rack 1, Cabinet Speaker ] ‘ ‘ 7 4 a ; j j 5 pa Pea) ee ha ia han, f ; i : : Pat ae: BO G | be Ur “ey, ES ue 1 Lat ee Petia! So Pros © 4 ee ir Ve ’ : ne gi a Py : sae x Gud sy — “4 i iP ioes Bit fie te om j ae ‘ a : i “yey ne Fa Se RE. . cand snes en a 5 hood « + ih £ Cae a 2 la A : iz li nance 2 oLeawe: oe Tens eae ets Fahd CE fh A Se ve) ehh: Sees Sie ga Soitptolveis) sunita Tk ek a £e aah py ueen t etc Peace oh e a So pdvad Loves Gai Up ints BA} Pein a toAk XG mg anieGe 2 15 ie. « CF SLR. Tele: + a2 ie i is te ae : + pesb as saat ’ "igcey - Eel thar sc TG: 2 LEB ee oe ae ot Doe OIEy ete | Snead MOY ecutdos sth Hubhu: StS aes to acy toleodinas > Pome xonemiress Gy Ios i SRT BRM PBC SE . bee one be USeedy . . ; . ; IAGd, saery 53 “ep ieul BE Bi ne Ar ip ae dey eget CRD 7 se 2 + Re er ~ # ara “= , a S25 Be - BOS nd” Sa DM oe Stasi URAL BG? Fx J3 So; piape rest : ty Lese.ans {Ferg ay Awee . : rena | ae) . e “4 fee PR COON en an ROSES cil Wh PORE EN cma pal |, gs 5 ee. Loe, Peat emt! Ta Lee ram Omak: eee ean te ok % ; : > ae 4 t+ ‘ hoe & i me hy “olesd es G Sipe gl aid aih eS el baggie. rnc Red as “= tet « + 7 on at . ey ' . f ® of the SENSITIVITY control and labelled PUSH TO RES To reset, hold the reset switch down for about ten seconds. If the automatic switching unit fails to reset, reduce the SENSITIVITY control very slightly (counter- clockwise) end repest the resetting. 38. For routine operation, pull the sliding drawers in racks two and three out to the stopo Turn the SPEEDS clutch adjustment marked WRITING on the PL recorder in the second panel from the top of Rack 2 to the FAST position, and turn the pApre iai/suc, clutch adjustment beside it to the 5/1 position. These adjustments will give a paper tape speed of Smm/sec, 39. Turn the "Mirroyhone"™ magnetic tapes recorder SELECTION switch on the upper right of the bottom panel of rack two to the RECORD position. Turn the sig. vy. ¢, switch just to the left of the magnetic tape recorder switch about two thirds mactimum clockwise, ‘Turn the 3%G V.C, switeh just below the mapnetic tape recorder switch as far as it will go clockwise. 40. Rack 3: It is assumed’ that the chronometer has already been placed in operation. Adjust the 77 ; ¢lutch on the PL graphic level recorder to the SLOW position and the PAPER Mu/S5h0. clutch to the 50/10 position. These adjustments will provide a paper speed of 10 mm/sec, 41, Even though the magnetic tape recorder in Rack 3 may be in stand-by operation and not running, adjustments should be made to ready it for operation the moment it is needed, Turn the SHLECTOR switch on Mirrophone #1 in Rack 3 to the PEGoRp position. If it is a Caltron recorder turn the 3KC VG, completely clockwise; if it is a Western Electric Mirrophone, adjust the SiG, ¥. ¢.to about two-thirds maximum (clockwise). The Caltron recorder is then placed in operation by turning its SiG, ¥, ¢,to about two- thirds maximum, and the Mirrophone is started by turning its 3KC V0, come pletely clockwise, 42; The station is now ready to receive, record, and time the arrival of a ptenel.. OPERATING THE SCFAR MUTPMENT WHEN A SIGNAL IS RECEIVED 43, All volume controls snd variable pads have numbered dials, It is very Smportant that a complete log of all settings be kept for each signal that is received, together with the name of the operator in charge at the time. This dnformatdon is necessary for the evaluation of SOFAR data and will facilitate the making of circuit adjustments. Fig. III gives the headings which should be used, Data sheets drawn up according to the pattern of Fig, III should be on hand at all times, 4k, As soon as the signal strength on the arrival of @ sound channel signal rises above the background noise the Automatic switching unit will fire. (aoe ; Pas - baa wiser oe ie Las ee Do Spit ies” Aegean Ore Tie Cre iyo ita, PGS Olid! vested F ig om apingr nk - Poe rod pase = ah i ere TAS, ae eater 2 A ace pkoeel = i x Jedd AO Hse 20: = UE HG eae A VAs ashinoer aqhd ae ane, ays Bolen eau dodhra oD) ean : : : 1 2a Systane ty ibis (IS. BS Sea ; ae ens uvee Weed ue als e natn OEE 0) rial Sue JUnit abe bc 1 be, aobrtoves Is ee ; z p04 2 Mi eGoilbecg BOS oil Us " x " ; Miche pat aS es De : cet 2 COA Sh ike iz scte : tee i as, Ary i, e S x Seige: etl GS Haha. ea La fis dg ere ev ws to Pees gti ms Visi Ais Sice Olt ede ooo te aaa fh Disa ad oF Tels tots te! 3 LOS SOL | Leah (7 ddat eee We ee eile ae. 18e%. ee a Pa ttz Son rr OQ tS Sie Br) hd ; es pi, Sede eed Soret fee ie ues the time Beare and Bese the speed” recorder amplifier switch is off and its set on MANUAL , ae the“high speed” recorder will not the antomatie sw: itching unit, é i s of the break-circuit chronemeter, which breaks — ¥ @ each second except the 59th in each minute, will raght-hend gage of the waxed paper tape of the PL P a evel recorders and keyed as a 3~KC tone on the magnetic tape } greet ; ; recorder, i" rv the peak of the signal has passed the arrival time . pouiate recorders. This is 1 Sen by pressing firmly but n ss than one second) on the code switch located just in | eae the top sliding drawer of rack three, Pressing secondary mars to be made on the time index of the 7 ae a secondary 3-KC tone signal to be impressed on me >, At the moment of pressing the coding switch the exact position of the chronometer second hand, : ld then be recorded, The exact time of coding should pe for future OME signal the operator must imncdiately turn’ the magnetic on the bettom of Rack 2 or 3 ( Fe aeatline on which ib the HOLD position. - -This switches the tape recorder . ition and keeps the signal on the tape until the operator Cea to the Thigh-spead" graphic level recorder, This «ne ie before 2 minutes Boe 15 seconds have elapsed after a signal, or the signal will be erased. One revglution “s recorder clock Paaee epresents 24 minutes. Note that j .L is recorded on the magnetic tape and that normally + ously recording end erasing. Note also that the early pers, rn al up to'the firing time of the automatic switching unit ee ne PL recorder tape, iaretice the ete tape recorder on the HOLD ation to normal operation by starting the stand-by : +, Push the reset button on the automatic switching . ; ng oreo can be recorded by the "slow-speed" PL he Tessas tape paoraes whose aod PL recorder. Turn the 3-KC volume’control . > : : faite bs Wed ou sa fis be yeaa, Rite At 2 ie © she yyels Sie vanes ff.20) aera el: (is 2% LE Palbeg ost 73: eneoes Venice PY cotiy sebtouer esp: HP (qpat can 5 ; ; iS 6 ean’ & rz ; : ; : - Sew ial iy souk Shree, eres Tia een dime: thas ie Apu? end Ni 2) Se: Po ere ow =i a “SDAP eae) eet) om filha teary ore Borers ah) STASS Lin Rte te ° AD De Gd oh ee re ite : . 7 teint Pigs oy es a hae =— 2 = ay ud at hae SSS | aPeo! i gs ir a rat sa: iE bess > iJdora © pe : ; i af Sarvs BSE aSo ale eiad oak ; imps ca (Aired (Aen L* aG2.> SF i E id ie Reasaucek Sc ABWLe & Gie's;! a Bile eer res BtSSo8 bid? Bore | i DEF enhes! 7 ‘ ai) ee = . airy » - a PST ind il ea oh a eo hae | } aah . : ao ae ‘Be wots Tae re. ann wa Te ad: 18 . Whee ie adus 2h alee beat ee eet Pa esta hid a b Sed antia, 2S. od }o.CR a : Bee oe am ae toi ; AS Gt ter. f ate ae Sati ene. ce % cine Sancta & pighin LESS foray eae Sao La ea Tee edition f S iS 3 4 anti¢ * Bos pitvints ye ar CrOn Tom pes ehrass ae s:fivnrocus sds 6 x Se a ar sence ela” Sid f mace * 8 GGSd giv igen ent ire ps Pipe sieotis [ , area noose .xebtoges fo1 cf ee Gaeta tees) ( 4 e 4 Meters) +afhm 2d) orchrrhoygd “abbademeter <4) Sotaetamemgh : “Madave Bas’ tioiglooa Well: snarls Ge Ae 7, iti ene ae: ade 23 -) Sodbue gant g 5 : soe 4 other to the Dual Channel plate as deseribed above, Disconnect cables 5 and 7 from the back of the Time Tone amplifier chassis in Rack 1 and plug both cables into the two receptacles of the Dual Channel plate, 56,.. This change in the normal cable connections provides two independent - receiving channels, one making use of the normal duty channel with its recording equipment located in Rack 2, and the other, feeding directly into the recording equipment in Rack 3. Time indexing and PL graphic level recorder motor control from the automatic switching unit are obtained in the normal way for both channels, 57. The normal “duty™ channel can be monitored from the jack on the right side of the third panel from the top of Rack 1 just as in conventional single channel operation. If crystal headphones are used to avoid loading the 600-chm bus, it can also be monitored from the jack marked BUS MONITOR on the "slowe-speed" PL recorder in Reck 2. Ths other channel can only be monitored on crystal headphones plugged into the BUS | MONITOR jack on the thigh-speed™ PL recorder in Rack 3. 58. To obtain a comparable output level from both channels turn the BUS VOLUM dial on the right side of the second panel from the top of Rack 1 to 0. Then control geen aes Spr nals by adjusting the CHANNEL NO. & VOLUME and the CHANNEL JCLUME controls on the left side of the top and second Bane of Rack ne Bogel dsc. dyeinggeda peteos Pa iwesb., fe: <, BHA TD en ae eieesay “Sit igint ono? nse sacri PE Se nals aaa ord Sneha aug con Renee Rene Larges Pa eat WIG Doaciiito ydrits Ste nwies ers coe Goonts siifee? etvigo 78 Bi | ySes Bidias 19 ins gateeha? on beabiitde S18 ‘ine acl oesieza “ee . a ae EO oh © - — TihoRSCRVEBS ic os. 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NAVY UNDERWATER SOUND LABORATORY FORT TRUMBULL, NEW LONDON, CONN. oORWwSO. NO SHEET__OF__ SHEETS DRAWN py tH pare > Rsracreo ey. L SIG. TIME Wt F¥i TRACED ByY___DaTa___approveo By 5+ vara l Lie TICK eel) AT Boe a oe SCALE_____ REPRODUCTION OF FINAL PLANS MADE Lo see) eG ones R / UNIT Sr ships PROJECT OFFICER AUTOMATIC AUTOMATIC UNIT NO. 5214 A.C. A.C. PLAN EXAMINED & FOUND SATISFACTORY COMMANDING OFFICER SOFAR STATION ASSEMBLY BLOCK DIAGRAM CONTRACT NUMBER: CONTRACT DATE: BUREAU OF SHIPS PLAN NUMBER _USL REPORT NO. 55 “== F_94278/-AA NERTSTALUINE” Mo. tonm Ka F< mare one d i Rae ¥ Hehe ns Hh eit) I, Pe iytyesene eeteay en j a I i ath bs CPLA N Ge Mera i i iat, as Soe em Di anne ne a ox 4 * H s Coe ee GS °ON qzodey Isp ‘ as S rae = Hire. as i ee oa fs Fa GS ON a Pt OE A TIN ETE Sow TE Sor eo en eee oe — rn ar aera ennai = - : r : | ; ; > j : i } ! 1 y { t ! i \ I | i H : = > 2 ae Sn ai ene nw an cer eel cE pat eth i em —- 4 * t ‘es eerie! * ¥ i 5 in % $ : : H i : 4 as E : = ; i TB oon SG GRY ee peo A, Pe ee = { mit = > = = Se ae a ae ne os cs ~ > % t ; i 1 — g peat + j t t : j i ; t : : : t ; | i ; ; ; ae ae j sei see Soir wass A a a es a ee er fe EE te a { 5 = . 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