.

.

óC ,ï-.

, -...
..

wIIftIII;.
....

, ..-e:
I I \,
I.

-
- - ..

(k

I I
\,. .... \, iii '.. "., ... .. I '"'' . 1111 -, nl U B 1i
" 1"\. . ' I ii ,It I I. III ," 111 II I '" y',..
n .... I III III. 111 "'.0.' A :: A : fit
-- - - - -- t 'l l l.!.-' ' = I
.....- .,..,,- .... ...:.:--w.___
... ..-
I" < '" __..-.- _ _._

'- -.-- :::::.:...-:------ - . . - -.- .. """' .... l,
..... ...... "
- ,,'t-_
_
.,. 't ...

JL(Q){UJlQ)
W[

A JR{ IN[
IFILA.1M

\ I ) I

8
922
594

.

II
I

TO MODERNIZE YOUR FARM

LOUDENIZE YOUR BARN

LOUDEN BARN PLANS

PUBLISHED BY THE
LOUDEN MACHINERY COMPANY
GUELPH, ONT.

PRICE. $ 1.00

Copyright
d by the
LOUDEN MACHINERY COMPANY
1915

,..,

:':{'

I
P

D 0 \'\. \-

I r . , . , I I
, . ,.-,. -

.\'1'

'
"",
'\\'- \

. .
, ,. x I
\ \1
\ \,
,\
\\ .. '\

.
.. .

..
1 I .

,
.

,
\,

:---

"Tobacco River Ranch"-
_______
1\)1 owned by W. C. Cornwell. Clare.

Michigan. This dairy ba.n "as designed
by the Louden Architectural Department and equipped with
Cow Stalls. (Fig. 812) Maternity Pens. Calf Pens. and Bull Pen. Emanci-
pator Litter Carrier. Double End Feed Carrier. etc. Mr. Cornwell is one
of Michigan's progressive clair} men and is giving special attention to
breeding pure bred stock.

-. .

.

..

.

.

CLCIIH,.,t; ifLLC""

.

FLCD JlL"C)I

.

.
II

l

If
i

.

.á..

C.I.' ÐCN co..

,.

CLEI9/'o",C ALl.Ey

,,\

.

n

I I
I.
,.

..

..

,J

E::
'-""""' E:3L--lesl---lE::= IE3ES-" "-
,
". . ;
'.!:.
. -"

:;:

GUELPH. O NTARIO

-
----r;:i '
r u

. ,

,.,
....
'foo---

FOREWORD

This book is published with the view of aiding the farmer and dairyman in building
his barns so they will properly and economically answer the purpose for which they
are in tended.
Our Architectural Department was established for the purpose of assisting our
customers in not only planning barns that will meet all their requirements in the most
economical construction. but also to assist them in solving all other problems that come
up. such as proper lighting. heating. ventilating. drainage. disposal of manure. and
other sanitary and hygienic problems. as well as proper protection against weather
exposure and fire risk.
The department is conducted by men of wide experience who are competent to handle
all kinds of farm building construction. and they will combine utihty and sanitation
together with economy and strength. Our landscape architect can so arrange the farm
buildings of any large estate that they will harmonize with their surroundings. and be in
harmony with one another. Your farm buildings can display individuality and good
architectural design. and at the same time be practical. modern and convenient, separately
and collectively.
All the plans shown in this book are our own original designs. produced by our
Architectural Department. Some of them have been copied from our illustrations
and published in other books and periodicals. A complete index will be found on page 112.
These plans represent the practical results from ideas mostly originated by farmers
and dairymen. but are worked out in detail by our expert dairy architects to meet the
climatic conditions and other requirements of individual cases.

Let Us Help You Plan Your Barn
Whenever you build a barn or any other kind of building. you build for a definite
purpose; this definite purpose should be kept in mind from the start to the finish. Whether
it be for properly housing and caring for live stock. for the storage of feed and farm
implements. for preparing products for market. or for a combination of some of these,
no matter what the purpose may be. it should be built with the correct amount of floor
space for each purpose, the total of which will determine the size of the building.
This rule se
ms very simple. but sometimes becomes very complicated when the
question of economical construction is taken into consideration. For example. a barn
40 feet square would have a floor area of 1.600 square feet. and may be of the correct
size and meet all the requirements for which it is intended. At the same time it may be
found after careful calculation that a building 32xSO feet. which has the same floor area,
will also meet the same requirements. and may cost less on account of not requiring so
heavy construction for a 32-foot span as would be necessary for a 40-foot span. This
is where the practical builder and trained architect. who is thoroughly versed in the
requirements of modern farm buildings. can be of great service to the.farmer and dairyman.

. @ .
. ARCHITECTURAL DE.PARTM
' .
1 ..

.
Page Three

-= , ,,

.. ,

..;
. . . ,

GU"P"
i
tAA'O _- - -0

.:\ .

'.'

...

Write Us About Your Building Problems

Through the large number of inquiries received and designs worked out, this depart-
ment becomes an exchange of ideas about farm buildings. New ideas about construction
and arrangement are received every day, and new plans developed to suit individual
needs.

Modern Barn Requirements

Each barn should be an individual study, and its construction, size and arrangement
should represent the results of a systematic analysis of the kind of barn needed. It
should be of such a size as will comfortably and economically hold the live stock, feed,
bedding, and all articles that it is to contain. The construction should be so that it will
resist the weather and be permanent. I t should be as fire-resisting as the financial invest-
ment will admit. I t should be free of all unnecessary posts and other structural members
that would interfere with the convenient and economical handling of materials, stock,
products and by-products.

Make The Cows Comfortable

Cow comfort receives much attention. because practical tests have demonstrated
that an improvement giving comfort and making the cows contented is a good investment.
Too much thought and study can not be given to the construction, arrangement and
equipment of the barn for the comfort and profit of the herd.

Good Ideas From Practical Men

These plans are not submitted to the reader as designs that will be just what he ought
to have to obtain the best possible returns from his farm. but they will meet most of the
general requirements for various capacities, uses and climates. They are selected from
among the last 2.000 plans drawn by our architects.

Construction

We will not attempt to go into detail and give the methods of construction
best for certain purposes. as this would require more pages than this entire book contains,
but we desire to call attention to some facts that may be of general interest.
Concrete and metal are now used where
.'
materials are subject to decay from moisture

and from wea ther condi tions.
Hollow .;Ie are becoming very popular for _, _, i=;-, ':""
'l:'-!M'
walls, because they resist fire and insulate -,,_-'0 7 "1- --'-..,-
.oL..::._
I
.J'> j _ 2J _ I
against heat and cold. , 9 Q'.! .1 ,.
. __ _
Lumber is used for those parts least . r
1'.(
". io..,' 1
affected by accumulation of moisture, as it r ",
costs less and will serve the purpose. Section of Louclen Cow Stall

. L:
=I"'õ""
1

.II..I;I:
':'
:.I:OI:.I""::C"'''':-;.
''' .
.\UJ. --

Pace Four

-,'"' J

:t
;

Sheet metal. such as corrugated galvanized iron, is much used where light construction
and fire resistance from the exterior are desired, and for light roof construction for hay
sheds, shelter sheds, implement sheds, etc.

Use Plenty of Windows
Sunshine is the world's best and cheapest disinfectant, and therefore the more windows
you place in the walls of the dairy barn the better. I t is impossible to get too much light
in a barn for any kind of live stock. Some argue that it is hard to keep out flies if the
barn is not dark. Put shades on the windows to pull down when the stock is let out, keep
the barn clean, and locate the manure pit 100 feet from the barn, and the flies will not
bother you. In extremely cold climates it is well to use double glazed sash, or put on
extra storm sash in winter.

The windows should be so
constructed that when open the
draft will not blow directly on
the cows or permit rain, sleet or
snow to blow in.
Sa ve Labor
Farmers realize the value of
labor-saving devices because of
the shortage of help.
Locate the silo where it will
be convenient for feeding as
well as filling. Locate the feed
bins where they can be reached
with the least number of steps,
and locate the manure pit where you will not have to push the load up hill, if it can be
avoided. Properly handle feed and manure by using improved methods and labor-
saving appliances, and you will greatly increase the earning capacity of your dairy.
The barn must be convenient for your help, as well as comfortable for your cows.
I t should be samtary, and so equipped that no labor is lost in cleaning or feeding. It
might be built according to one or a dozen plans, and fitted with this or that ventilating
system, but the principles of each are the same and should combine convenience and
comfort with sanitation, strength and durability.
Write us for any information you need that is not covered in this book. Any ideas
that we have gained through our 48 years of barn specializing experience are yours.

,

'(

Our Agricultural-Architecture department offers the opportunity for expert and impartial advice and assistance on
ail important farm and farm building operations.
We can furnish a man of acknowledged ability to visit you and consult with you upon any subject relating to the
betterment of the farm. whether your desire is to increase the efficiency of an old farm and its buildings. or to estab-
lish a newly acquired estate upon a modern basis.
The choice of a property is often difficult for the inexperienced. An expert opinion on the worth and adaptability
of land is a part of our service. The fees for this special service are very reasonable.
AGRICUL ruRAL-ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT.
LOUDEN MACHINERY COMPANY.

. L':'II:let:.IIII;I(
Il..;r.:'I':' fI1:\ .D E. PAR T MEN T' .
.'W.

Page Five

.1.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR BARN CONSTRUCTION
- Concrete -

Materials

Concrete is ordinarily composed of cement.
sand. gravel or crushed stone and water. The
selection of these materials is largely dependent
on local conditions. and while no unalterable rule
can be laid down in regard to it. certain general
conditions may serve as a guide to the inexperienced.

Cement
Portland cement of the best quality should be
used. I t must be carefully protected when stored.
If the cement gets damp it becomes lumpy. The
presence of a few lumps in a sack of cement does
not spoil the whole sack. but the cement should
be screened and the lumps rejected. if they are
too hard to crumble between the fingers easily.
If the cement is properly stored it will keep indefi-
nitely, but the sacks should never be piled on the
ground nor on a damp floor. Unless the cement
can be piled on a dry floor a temporary platform
should be provided.

Sand, Stone and Gravel

The sand and broken stone or gravel are called
the "aggregate." Generaily speaking the particles
which pass through a sieve having a %-inch mesh
are considered "sand" ""hile those larger than
I . -inch are called "gravel." A fine material
from crushed stone and known as "stone screenings"
is sometimes used as a substitute for sand. Theo-
retically such a material is good. but. as usually
obtained. the screenings contain an excessive
amount of stone dust which makes the material
unsuitable for concrete unless the dust and very
fine particles are screened out. Sand and gravel
are probably the most popular materials because
they are frequently found in nature in a condition
practically ready for use and may be secured at
Ii ttle cost.
The sand should be clean. An idea of its cleanli-
ness may be obtained by shaking some of it with
water in a glass jar. and if there is a decided muddi-
ness it is evident that the sand is too dirty to use
in its original condition. The sand can be cleaned
by stirring it in a tank with two or three changes
of water. or by spreading it in a thin layer and
washing it with a hose. Preference should be given
to sand containing a mixture of coarse and fine
grains. Extremely fine sand does not make a
strong mortar. If it is the only sand at hand.
get a coarse material and mix with it.
Either crushed stone or clean gravel is suitable
for the coarse material. I t is chiefly a question of

J
1

fI7\ :.]I,.::.I'.:'I=a..
.
.aI .
F..._ }

Page Six

which can be obtained at the least cost. Good

oncrete cannot be made with flat stones. especially
If they are soft and shaly. Neither are long,
splintery stones suitable. Stone which disintegrates
upon exposure to the weather. or that which has a
chalky surface. will not make strong and satisfac-
tory cement.

Proportions
The quantities of all the materIals used in
making mortar or concrete should be measured
accurately. Never use sand and gravel mixed as
they occur in nature. but provide a screen and
separate the material into sand and gravel and remix
them in definite proportions. The reason for this is
that the natural deposit almost invariably con-
tains a great deal more sand in proportion to the
gravel than should be permitted.

Mixing Concrete

To make good mortar of concrete it is neces-
sary to have every particle of sand covered wi th
cement. and every particle of gravel or crushed
stone covered with the cement-sand mortar. The
mixing is quite as important as any other part of
the process of making the concrete. The equipment
for mixing concrete by hand should be a tight
platform about 7 ft.xl2 ft.. square-pointed shovels,
a mortar hoe, steel-body wheelbarrow, sand screen,
mortar box. water barrels. buckets. and a measur-
ing box holding four cubic feet.
A well-made mixing platform should be a part
of the regular equipment of a farm. and it will
be cheaper to build a good one at the outset than
to waste time and money in constructing and using
temporary ones. Such a platform can be built
as follows: using 2-inch lumber. nailed upon three
4x4-inch stringers rounded at the ends. The out-
side stringers project a little at both ends of the
platform and are bored for clevis irons. so that
the platform may be readily dragged about the
farm. To make this platform requires the following:

Bill of Lumber

J 2 pieces 2 in. x J 2 in. x 7 ft. dressed on one side
and two edges.
2 pieces 2 in. x 2 in. x J 2 ft. dressed on one side
and two edges.
2 pieces 4 in. x 4 in. x J 3 ft. rough.
J piece 4 in. x 4 in. x J 2 ft. rough.
The reason for specifying dressed lumber IS to

f.( ..
L l...
1

'-

' .---" ,'- J...j
'''". It;-)"

"",-.J

. ! I

provide a smooth and tight platform which will
reduce the work of shoveling.

Workmanship and Quality

I n preparing to mix a batch of concrete, the
materials should be carefully measured and not
guessed at. First spread the sand in a thin layer
over a portion of the platform. Then empty the
cement on top of the sand and mix both together
dry. continuing the turning until the color is uni

form and without streaks of sand or cement. After
the cement-sand mixture has thus been turned at
least twice, spread it into a thin layer and dump
upon it the gravel which has been previously
measured. The mixing is then repeated until the
gravel is thoroughly distributed throughout the
mass; this will require turning the batch at least
three times. Make a trough in the center and pour
into it nearly as much water as is required. A
medium wet mixture of I :2t:S concrete will re-
quire for a one-sack batch about seven gallons of
water. The whole mass must now be thoroughly
mixed, or until every particle of gravel is covered
with the cement-sand mortar. When the mixinP.'
is completed, the concrete should be left in a lon

compact pile. so as to protect it frem rapidly drying
out. Everything should be in readiness so that
the concrete can be placed with the least possible
delay.
The quality of the concrete depends largely
upon the amount of water in the mixture, a wet
mixture giving better results than a dry one. In
fact, a dry mixture is not capable of developing
all the strength of the cement. Dry mixtures are
frequently used in making cement products, but
the practice is a bad one and should be avoided
whenever possible.
Write for circular of our Champion mixer.

Foundation Walls

The foundation walls below the ground. the
lower story walls from the ground up to the window-
sills. and the ground Roor, should be built of concrete.
I t would be well to build the entire outside
walls of the first story out of concrete, hollow tile
or brick. but if this is found to be too expensive
the concrete should be run at least 12 inches above
the lower Roor and 18 inches above the ground. so
that all danger from moisture rotting the bottom
of the wood construction will be avoided.
A concrete foundation should extend down
deep enough to avoid all danger of frost. and down
to permanent moisture of the ground in climates
where alternate wet and dry seasons occur.
The base or footing should be not less than 2
feet thick, and the wall may taper to a thickness
of I foot at the surface of the ground.
For frame barns built on level ground the

concrete foundation above ground should be 18
inches high. and at least 8 inches thick. If the
concrete Roor is laid on top of the ground (after
sod and loose dirt are removed) its surface should
extend about 6 inches above the exterior P.'rade to
prevent storm water from running into the barn.
and the concrete wall should extend 12 inches
above the Roor, which will make it about 18 inches
above the outside ground surface.

Concrete Floors

The concrete Roor in a room which is to contain
live stock should never be lower than the P.'round
level at the door where they enter the ro
m, so
that it be necessary for the stock to step down to
the Roor in place of up to the Roor level in entering
the barn. Many a good animal has been crippled
by stepping down over a door-sill and slipping
when her feet struck the smooth Roor at a lower
elevation.
A concrete approach on the outside of the
barn leading from the ground level up to the Roor
level at each doorway will not only prevent stock
from stumbling, but will prevent considerable
dirt from being tracked into the barn, and will
make trucking or driving into the barn much
easier. The surface of approaches should be
ribbed.

Cost

The cost of concrete construction in most cases
will run from 20 to 30 cents per cubic foot. To
give an example of cost of a concrete foundation
wall for a frame barn, the foundation wall as
shown in the sectional view on page 12 requires
a little less than 4 cubic feet of concrete for every
foot of its length, and is estimated to cost $1.00
per running foot. If a mixture that is composed
of one part cement, two parts sand and four parts
gravel (by volume) is used. it would require} barrel
of cement, fll cubic yard of sand, and ! cubic
yard of gravel per running foot.
This estimated price covers the cost of forms
and all false work that is required for its installa-
tion. and makes the most economical foundation
that can be installed.

LOUDEN MACHINERY CO..
Gentlemen:
I think your equipment throughout is the best
I have ever seen. I clo a great deal of traveling
about and have examined a great many different
stables. but have never seen one I like as well as
my own. I am so well pleased with it that I am
going to get equipment for another stable this fall.
I also think your firm is as good as any I have ever
dealt with in any line.
Yours truly.
(Signed) j. M. MOUNT.
DAMASCUS. MD.

. +'
:I":I..:c:-tlII..I:I::"I
@ ':.I:IIJI='-':'II="'''
.

.

Page Seven

I ....}

.

..--J

...

.,.,

'2

Locating the Floor Levels
'- 3:6=- - -- -,
'o"
- - 5
O'
-* -2
2::"'.I.- -3
6"-._
I NALF
TOTAL WIDTJ.I OF BARN 34'-0" LowceM''''T I'i'AI';'", TeeD "UEy
I --
. F tcq'! .f!r:!f -
L.EvEL OF STAL'
LOOR I STAll FinroR _ - --
--------------- (D ;:--
;;E-Y..-
LJrTCh' A/
Fy x.-- --- CO
c.. rTCP L

'Ð

... ....
.. '\..ii...
,

.:{,:-"
,r: ;
... .d.,.;. S .,. ..
....
:. .
I:.O."'::

"
, }, '"
'" " '11-
....
.u<. DIRT "in.."'iiI _" r
.
..J!: .....,..r.. .C/f.,,'.'....

,. .... II

WALL
.
,
f)rCFì
SILL

"'';j.iï. " ':j .
.; i t' J,;
;j,
fl _ :
"
,-:2.- .... L
ocrl^,GJ tiflflm.,H
'2- -.a
6.- T2
O- ;
'.
TOTAL WIDTJ.I OFßARN 36'-0"
I

.
..':.
lni'!"f. t

Fig. 1075.

WAa..a..

4,

LEVEL OF STALL FLOOR
--- - - - - - - - - - - - - -,T - - - - - - - - --
LITTCn All.l;Y" I

'-l!.'!-

HALF' rFFD ALLEY

f.
EP.."!L._',E
_

F.'= _

1076.

Locating the floor levels .
!:.A..
?_t:'=9R_"!_

'{
_
is one of the most importan t DOOR III
things in the equipment of
, . "-'J:c
!?t'..L._L._'{.J::_'=
!'

a Dairy Barn. It is im-

portant not only in getting cR..Q(/
lU_'[
I'{'E9!1 _
the proper drainage of the Fig. 1079. pTTER___ALL.
,'::L
mangers and gutters. but Fig. 1080.
also in getting the proper grades of the floors to make them correspond with the outside approaches. The
diagrams. Figs. 1075 and 1076. are sections of half a stable floor with the cows "headed in." and Figs. 1077
and 1078 are the same with the cows' 'headed out." They represent four different kinds of mangers and
four different kinds of gutters. but there is one point in which they are all alike. All the litter alley
floors on which the cows must travel to and from the stalls are practically on a level with the door sills
over which the cows must pass. They should have a little slope toward the gutter so that water will drain
into it but otherwise should be level. This is the key in getting the floor levels. As will be seen by the
diagrams, the stall floors vary from 5 to 8 inches in height above the litter alley floors. according to the
style of gutter used. but the litter alley floors are always to be practically on a level with the stable door sill.
It is all right to have a short drop on the outside of the sill. as shown by Figs. 1075 and 1076, to keep
the rain from beating in. (one or two inches of a drop will be sufficient), with a short. level outside. (a foot
wide). to prevent slipping. but there should never be a raised sill with slanting floors. like that shown by
Fig. 1079. for the cows to stumble over and to cause them to slip and fall when the floors are wet.
GETTING THE GRADES To prepare for setting up the stalls and putting in the cement. level off
the dirt where it is too high and fill in where it is too low. being sure to thoroughly wet down and tamp all
filled dirt so it will be comple"tely settled and solid before proceeding further. Probably the best way to
get the ground levels is to make a lot of stakes. like that shown in Fig. 1080. with notches on one edge to
correspond with the different levels. and set them in rows some twenty feet apart across the stable floor.
three or four stakes in a row. equal distances apart; and drive them in until the different notches are the
proper levels. Lines being stretched on these stakes to get the different levels will be held securely in place
by the notches and will not be liable to slip out of position. If preferred. the notches can be sawed in the
stakes after they are driven. care being taken to mark and saw the notches the right distances apart. Marks
may also be made on the walls to assist in gettin
the levds.
The ground levels will be six inches below the finished floor levels unless more than six inches of
cement is required. or when an extra heavy foundation is wanted for a floor of Cork-Brick or Creosoted Pine
Blocks. When the cement is to be six inches thick, the average ground levels for the Litter Alleys
will be six inches below the stable door sills, and taking this as a basis. all the other levels can be easily
determined for any kind of installation by referring to the height measurements given in Figs. 1075. 1076,
1077 and 1078. In Fig. 1075 the stall floor level is 6 inches above the litter alley level. In Fig. 1076 it is
7 inches above; Fig. 1077. 8 inches above, and in Fig. 1078. 5 inches above. In Fig. 1075. the feed alley
level is II inches above the stall floor level and in Fig. 1078 it is 7 inches above. In Figs. 1076 and 1077
the stall floor levels and the feed alley levels are the same. and they may be made the same in the others if
preferred. The feed alley floors may also be made as low as the litter alley floor if desired. in which case
the cross alley floors will be level.

STALL. FL.OOR L,TTERALLEY

: ": :::
GU
T
I'i' I:1
I . .....: ..:

í

Fig. 1081.

. t ':1*1:1,--- ---
1

:.I:OII::JII':...:...II
.
IIII .
.\W . --

Page Eight

",
T
"
"

== .
b-

_'
I I _.

-),'-
,
:
:

IT
;:
"" J.:;:

) I

. ,

- -/":0"-,-
-2:'4 "

5
:__'-
eND . WALL OP .B un. LUNG.
. _ TOTAL 'WIDTH OF BARN 38'-0"
I
,
STALL FLOOR LNVE GUTTER I STALL FLOOR
-,-- .-- - ,- - - - - -- -
- -
ï

:

,:}
9Þ

;

!
1
LII13

3:'4"- -J.:-
LARGE. EXTRA '

HIGH CE/'vfENT
I
MANGER '<)
7

-3
0"-

, l:e
'

'-4:0"- =I:

"+-'- :'O"_
'
'-
:O"-
. ë/'v'D I WAL L
OF BUILDING
DOOR OPENING I

TAL I W
,L)TH f
F BARN 3.5
O"
i -' -
_ ß.T
.!!:_
!:QQ
_l;!!,_

HALF LITTER ALLFY ,
-C
----==.:--
- ---
GUTTER..+: ,

'." I

:!!I
ð

:':'V
L?

DOOR OPENUVC,

-==

FEED ALLEY

. ...
:-:": .:.-

Fig. 1077.

/;:/'

RAISED
FEED ALLEV

WALL

::I"'_II.a'''--J...I4'
.
::,

; . ' ';
l:;

:"';.
!fkj/!.:
:

,

;
i

:j;n
,r.
"'5'''
';

.'';
'ff,;:;:
Fig. 1078.

, .
_. "'F ., -;L" ' I "

"

The cross alley grades from the litter alleys to the feed alleys are shown in the diagrams by dotted lines.
marked "X Alley Floor Line" in Figs. 1075, 1076 and 1077. They should be given due consideration before
determining the kind of installation to select and the ground levels brought to grade. The doors in the
feed alleys may be made to correspond with the floors either by raising the door sills and the approaches
thereto, or by making the approaches on the inside from the door sills up to the feed alley floor levels, like the
cross alley grades. When pens for calves, cows or bulls are to occupy a part of the floor the grades will have
to be arranged to accommodate them, or the pens located to correspond with the grades. Generally the
litter alley grades or something a little higher will be suitable for the pens. Avoid steep inclines in the
floors as much as possible.
DRAINAGE GRADES-There should be a certain amount of slope lengthwise in both manger and
gutter. This is especially desirable in flushing out the manger and where the liquid manure is drained into
a cistern through a sewer. Different authorities specify different pitches for the drain. The drop ranges
from one to two inches in fifty feet for the mangers. Where the manger is used for watering the stock the
incline must not be great enough to make the water run too much to one end. The gutter requires more
fall than the manger. Where the row of stalls is 100 feet or more, it is best to have two or more points of
drainage, a 50.foot stretch being about all that should be carried into one drain.
The slope may be from the center to the ends, or from the ends to a single drain in the center. This will
be sufficient to properly wash out the mangers and flush the gutters and keep the stable in a good sanitary
condition. The less the incline, consistent with good drainage, the better, because it makes the equipment
look better and will be better. The truer the cement work the less the incline required. Sometimes it is
best to slope the entire barn floor lengthwise toward the drain.
The drainage grades which run lengthwise of the barn being slight. the dirt grades lengthwise may be
made nearly level throughout in which case the cement will be a little thicker at some places than at others,
varying probably from 6 to 7 inches or from 51
to 6
-2 inches. It will pay well, however. to get the dirt
grades to conform as nearly as possible to the finished floor grades and in no case should the variation in the
dirt grades be so much that the cement will have to be 8 or 9 inches thick in some places and only 3 or 4
inches in other places.
V ARIA nONS IN MEASUREMENTS-Figs. 1075. 1076, 1077 and 1078 show different widths of
mangers. stall floors. feed and litter alleys, and gutters which may be necessary to suit different sizes of
cows, different widths of barns and other contingencies. Any of these measures except the mangers, which
are standardized, may be further varied to suit requirements, and any of the different styles of gutters
may be used with any of the different mangers and vice versa. Also. other styles of gutters may be used
but a gutter like Fig. 1081, with the litter alley floor level with the stall floor. making a deep ditch over which
the cows will generally jump in entering the stall and against the rear side of which the cows feet are liable
to catch in leaving the stall, should not be used. A cow giving milk should never be compelled to step
across a ditch or over a raised door sill. There is nothing in the claim that the high rear edge of the
gutter is necessary to prevent "spattering the wall." To make it effective in preventing "spattering" it
would have to be made much higher than it is possible to have it. Write for directions for erecting
Louden Sanitary Cow Stalls and constructing Louden Standardized Mangers.

'1

-
.......I=
:'II:.
;.J..:I.."=...IIò:'.ò.
IIIII .
.
. --

Page Nine

I-.
.
.
. . ...
'I'

1J... ----"

....

Material For Concrete Floors Per Stall

/7!.ð"= TðTAL W/OTH OF ðAKN FLOOR PER
-4!.-O" ..2
6" , .,5-':"0"
r r-Zc: O
.1 " M/J/o/CC:R /
I--- --5TA LL
I 4LLLY

#" /t:JO,z I
I j
1<5

.f -:r

-'IO"

m

-'}
0"
,.. L/TT
R
ALLéY

--I

ROW DF S7
LL

/..!-
"
--r&T TèR
'-34-04-

--+:"9'
/8"
-:1

-r-

o" -1
.

Amounts of Cement. Sand and Gravel Required for Floor ConsÌl'uction

The concrete mangers and gutters form part of the concrete floor work of a dairy barn and are always
estimated and installed together with the regular flat slab floors. The irregular outline of the mangers and
gutters makes it very hard for the inexperienced to calculate just how much cement. sand and stone is re-
quired for the construction. and we have therefore prepared the above cross section.
This section represents a floor 17 ft. wide for one row of cow stalls with feed and litter alleys. or just
one half of the width of a floor for a barn 36 ft. wide. which is the average width of a dairy barn for two
rows of cows.
Each of the little squares of this cross section represents a square inch of concrete. and by the table
òelow the floor has been divided into five parts. and the cubical yard contents of each part calculated
separately for a panel of floor work 3 ft.-6 in. in length, which is the average length required per
stall width.
For using a mixture of one part cement. three parts sand. and five parts gravel. which is the proportion
most commonly used for this kind of construction. the required amount of material of each kind and for
each part of the floor has been calculated separately in fractional numbers.
The last three numbers of this table give the total amounts required and show that for each cow stall
it will take about 6
-Í sacks of cement. T'lf cubic yard of sand. and a scant yard of gravel.
For concrete floor we recommend a mixture of one part cement to three parts sand and five parts
gravel as shown in the following table.

KIND OF CONCRETE

PROPORTION

o[-f:'
tõ
OF IN ONE
MIXTURE CUBIC YARD
CONCRETE
ë I "'ii ë I -å
"i ë -! -ã_ ë I
. - Ii . -.. .-
_
; · · 'I >. >. '! >. >, " I >. ., '! '. n '! r ' >!
ð : :

ð
ðð
ð S.t ðð 1
ð ð

j
ð 2

ð ð
Gü
2 1 4
2 1 2 5 I I
3 4 I I

4.6 52 .72 120 1 13 \187 .1.88 1" 213 ,195 149,.168 .233 .450 1 .051 1 .072

FEFD ALLEY
4 FT. WIDL:
CONTAINS
.26 CU. YD.

MATERIAL REQUIRED FOR FLOORS 3' 6" WIDE
LITTER ALLEY W,1t'R Btl:

4 !-T. WIDE cow STALL OF
CONTAINS 3' 6' WIDTH
.26 CU. YD. I.3S2 CU. YDS.

MANGER
No, 1002
CONTAINS
.41 CU. YD.

STALL F1..00R
CONTAINS
.324 CU. YD.

GUTTER
No. 3404
CONTAINS
.098 CU. YD,

ë
-ii- ë
.: Ë >:1 >:! .g Ë

ð ðJ! Gü

.. I ..
." .,,-
>-." >-

ð
'ðj

1.20 .135 .187 6.22 .702 974

_ 0) - A
ARCH ITECTU RÂL 1-
:1111='-':'II=II"
'-4
lIa -
.
--

Page Ten

:o.L

E:: '=5.--......... r
1-... I = t-{ E:: =
e-="

,,;, :;

1

!t

rr":Uì.h:
'
" 'loJ.1' . .r
I
(
., 'l--
GUELP
TARIO ==-. -=========. "---

JL

...

The Superstructure

1: !

-. "ill.

This cut illustrates the construction of a favoritf' type of modern dairy barn which consists of a frame
structure, the frame of which is built entirely out of planking not over two inch thickness. and built on a
concrete foundation which extends far enough above floor and outside ground level to prevent moisture
from coming into contact with the wood sill and frame.
The sill should be well bolted on the top of the concrete foundation and the studding, which are 2x6
inch in size for barns of ordinary dimensions. and spaced 16 inches or 24 inches on center. the 24 inch spacing
being preferred because any stock length of boards can be nailed thereto without waste. The studding are
generally of 14 or 16 ft. lengths and have a doubled 2 inch by 6 inch plate spiked on top. which ties them
together. keeps them in a straight line and forms a sill for the rafters.
The floor joist of the hay mow floor are made of 2x8 or lxlO inch joist. as the weight may require. and
are spaced the same as the studding so that the end of each joist may be spiked against the side of the
studding and at the same time rest on a 2x6 ledger or "ribbon" which is notched one inch into the stud-
ding and continues the full length of both side walls with as few joints as possible. Three lengths of joist
are generally required to reach from one side of the barn to the other; the ends of the middle tier of joist
are spiked and lapped against the inside ends of the two outer tier of joist so that each set of joist form a
continuous tie from one side wall to the other. to take up the outward thrust of the roof. and the joist are
supported under the lapped ends on a set of girders. built up out of three or four thicknesses of 2x10 or
2x12 inch joist; built up continuously from one end of barn to the other with as few lengths as possible and all
end joints broken. so that there will not be more than one end joint at anyone place along the length of the barn.

-I!b-
ARCHITECTURA:
:,E.PARTME.NT' .

Page Eleven

..
)

."'11 . ..

These Roor beams are supported by posts or preferably iron columns. which are so spaced that they
"ill intersect with the line of stanchions and the partitions between the stalls. and rest on concrete piers
built below the concrete Roor.
As this article is written more particularly for the inexperienced builder. it is well to mention that as
soon as the studding are set in place. they should be well braced against wind. and as soon as the joist are
in place more braces should be added. These braces should remain until the siding is in place and the
roof has been completed. then they may be taken out.
In framing the roof one set of rafters is carefully laid out on the hay mow Roor or other convenient
level platform, and after the exact length of each piece is computed. these are used as patterns and the
required number of pieces cut from this one set of patterns. When all rafters, braces. ties and collar beams
have been cut, each set of rafters. braces. ties. etc.. is spiked together so as to form a complete arch rib
which will reach from the plate of one side wall to that of the other.
The best method of procedure is to build all these arches laid Rat, one on top of the other, on the building.
the ends of each arch (the heels of
lo"er rafters) resting on the wall
plates at the point where it is to
be secured after it is raised to a
vertical position.
After all of the arches are
completed the end arch is hoisted
up to a vertical line. perfectly
plumbed, well spiked into place,
and well braced, a block and rope
are hooked to the collar beam (the
top horizontal beam to which hay
track is fastened) of the arch that
is in place, with this the next arch
is hoisted, plumbed. and nailed in
place and this method is continued
until all are in place. Each arch is
nailed to several sheathing boards
tha t are used as guides and ties to
secure the arches as soon as they
are raised. and each arch is braced
to the studding as soon as set in
place. These arches can be raised
and set in place by three or four
men, while with the old method of
heavy purlin and post construction.
ten or fifteen may be necessary to
help hoist the heavy frame.
This type of roof has the advan-
tage of requiring less material and
labor than the heavy timber roof;
is just as strong and forms a mow
"ithout any obstruction.

We find your goods unexpectedly
satisfactory. The hay track and
carrier works like a charm and the
hanger and barn door tracks are
past reproach. Thanking you for
all past favors. I remain
Yours respectfully.
H. I. Armour,
Rising Sun. Md.

. -L

Page Twelve

NQ:J404-
DE7ZJ/L or rLOOP CON.5Tj;)UCT/ON

-. _
:_
I'rt; y
,........_.5
,..

'(Yi'TON
" c w-,

..:sC,t;LC

_4

-''''.

I
. /8"_

n-J _.2J1:
JrA'T.t::1I.
;<<IJt

.., T ,,"
A7.3

H --".. "'''''7
:::: I, .
tq .' = AeM4C
3

'- .

-

r5

'0

" -
", ,

"''''"-
"1

4,_" "0 lNH

.,lY'ðRACZ....

.
'ð " 'J

..
I . -

·
æ ð!'-Ptt.""'b .x>'NT :/3'
I I
. L.... .......a_

. ..f t III cAiCJY
....1NI7
1C.
.I.
_11.1

.
A7L
..5U Dl7AJL
i

,.
....
"f

I _ ,
1V""7C.-All.:JTlLJ01NC "OJ
T , r-----
2;/Ci:
RTO II - TLiP I
\

I
J
I
'<i
I
.-t
'1
.

- '-'/-
f I Þ ...

"'I

ð"_

,
.-w=-- -- ,3........_

N_

....ð2

1\ }
'-::ì" -<) l
L

.

<i
,-r
-L+
t.::...
a>IC' _

.L0tJIl
. 'T

{ '. 4_4 _

"

.....
l

aII--. ....'"

-+-

.
J,

TYPICAL [J;()j5 5fCTlON cr ò6 TOOT 8AI?N

CAL.r:
. ... of

., .If.IU tr/Jllnr r
LOUOf/ý I1AClflNfPYCO
r ImaD - ICWII

!....J."...:.
:.I:III:.II'...=.....
.

'f'J --

J....-

=

. _

.
'
r .. ,

II ; · . t . .:, .

" -
GUH'H'OHTAR'O ,,_ . "" ",",

.-.!

1 J" .L

Construction of Plank Trusses

While we advocate the use of the "braced rafter" construction for gambrel roof barns because it is
economy. some may prefer constructing their barn with the plank truss method by framing trusses out of
heavy plank and spacing them 14 or 16 feet apart for supporting purlin beams which in turn will support
the individual rafters. This truss does not require any timber over 24 feet long.
While this truss has been designed to meet requirements in the most economical way. a barn roof
with this construction requires 1240 feet of lumber for one truss and roof framing it carries. if trusses are
spaced 16 feet apart. The "braced rafter" construction illustrated on page II requires 100 feet less
lumber. and lumber which is less expensive per thousand feet than that required for the trusses.

/
/
//
/
t,/ //
'I (0(
II: /
11//

//
:..L.:..L .
r---
II
f=
I
II
II
if

I ,

fc50Ø15/12fC D15TAJ.t.5
Or- TJ2IJ55 CO/f.5T..l2IfC710ff

;r=",=:"

Plr
"II
:1::
I I

,;
"
"
"
"
"
I'
"
"

.:J:"
ritE."

T
I{
.11
..
J-
G
ëT/O/Ý 9"'., J

J:RO.5.5 PO.5T.5 AT)f- I " ,r;
'ð..(Á/JOY," þ
T"') . I'.
r

I
"

t Ç,;;'T/Od O.f:-' ....
lJ;!W.5 Po
T.s AT 'ð-.ð:
Ú
LOW JO/5T
_.

- .:
\
1- :.::-.

_ '-- .;c,':,
i
-tZ4

P;ð:'TOLJD//iý

rkG:

I -/e:o'_
J
11\
'is

/

!::...I : I

.

1

.1..;o(-tlIl.I:
:"I :'
:-Jl"'I::I..:'="'1I ò!.i.
l1li:. .
.\U'. --

Page Thirteen

--

...,
....

.
tO

E

I
;;Y

;;ANI

GUELPH.
NTARIO
r

I.L
'-==I

l

r;: . ^ :.{.: _/o
'" ,Ò /'-..

\

rf ilG.A
\;- FiG B

L
-//'-->--/0-/1. -

J. __
î.!

32.'

FIGE

FIG.F

"7" - /4'-7

/4'

'r -- .38'
ç--

40'-

'.1

Frame Construction

The steady increase in the price of lumber and
building materials has necessitated a closer calcula-
tion of their strength.
Economy prescribes that each piece shall be only
as large as needed to safely withstand the strains to
which it will be subject. and so placed that it will
be the strongest.
I n the largest and best barns built to-day you
will seldom see timber thicker than two inches.
This is partly due to small dealers carrying a limited
assortment of sizes. and to a greater extent to the
present day calculations of architects.
Most modern barns are built with self-supporting
roofs. as this type of construction eliminates heavy
beams and posts and reduces cost. This type of
roof resembles the hull of a boat turned upside down.
and consists of built up plank arches reinforced with
splice-braces at angles. spanning from one side wall
to the other. This roof usually has four surfaces.
the lower two being steep and the upper ones about
quarter pitch. Many make the mistake of calling
this type a "hip-roof:' The proper name is "gam-
brel" and it is also known as "curb roof" and "mill
roof. "

,n :
;

FIG D

-12'- 12 -........12--

.36'

-.1

Doors

Sliding doors have many advantages over those
attached by ordinary hinges. If properly built with
a beveled check rail around the edges. they can be
made practically air tight. and at the same time
work free and loose as soon as opened.
Doors built up out of matched Rooring are very
strong. and if made double thickness with one
thickness running at right angles to the other. will
prevent warping. and if building paper is placed
between the two thicknesses it "ill make a well
insulated surface.
Care must be taken in the selection of hangers
and track. Choose a track that will not sag. hold
water. or become clogged by birds' nests. snow. ice.
etc. See page 89.
A hanger with a hinge is best. as cattle can not
tear your door down when it is htted with this kind.
Double trolleys run smoother and the roller bearing
wheels make operation easy. Sliding doors take
up less space and can not blow open or shut.
Doors should be provided with latches or other
fastening device that will automatically fasten the
door when it is closed. and they should be so con-
structed that the stock can not open them by push-
ing or rubbing with their horns.

ALFALFADALE STOCK FARM

The Louden Machinery Co..
Dear Sirs: I have been a user of your steel stalls and ptanchions for four years. Durmg that time I have had
no cow get injured in any way. In fact, I have liked them so well. that during the past season. I equipped my whole
stable with your Koods. They are KivinK us perfect satisfaction Thanking you for past favors, I am,
Very truly yours. Wilber C Prouse. Tilsonburg, Onto

- (>> - A
ARCH ITECTU RA ' ..I:4::1:':'I=...
.....
...I. -
- '" - --

PaKe Fourteen

I '. J

:;
J.. '_',"

I

v

S)

V)

\cJ

"
")
.

"-
.)0,;

"

5!:tI

C5

.
rv.

0LCT/ON
TJlRU HLAD
Or DOOR

001LE..
.3 "= /FT.

/
.%//
. D07T0/'1 R4/L,

Z-YTfRIOR LL
&l770ß
Or L700P..5
DfTA/L or JLÆ7#VC OOOR.5

FOLL .:sIZE DZ"lAlL
Or Ch'L"CK RAIL CASIN

DUT.5IDE. V;S/NC:;

C/lZ'éA-" RAIL

K

.

") R " "
If}
"') '1

"'-

DDOR
:::.5fCT/ON TIiRU DOOR

I
I

])/li'fCT/ON DOOR OP
NS
-< --
-
-
,
1-< [}OOR /03 6 N/OER T/iAN O"Þ.éAl/..;Yç

I

.

. @ . A.
. ARCH ITECTU RAL ..I:III:z.:'t="'II
.:;4
""' .
1 . ). --

Page Fifteen

LCuu..N S WI
)W L

!

Fig. 986.

orc"

Fig. 989.

Comfort and Air

Fresh air in the barn is as nec-
essary for the comfort of the animals
as fresh water and pure food. Ac-
cording to experts the average cow
consumes more pounds of air during
the 24 hours than she does of either
food or water. Conservative esti-
mates place the weight of air con-
sumed by a 1.000 pound cow at
224 pounds.
Louden Window Ventilators
make possible an abundance of
fresh air without draughts. Fig.
986 shows the window closed. and
Fig. 987 shows it opened to let in
air at the top. while Fig. 988 shows
it open for air to enter at both top
and bottom. A moment"s examina-
tion of these illustrations shows the
adaptability of the Louden Window
Ventilator to meet the different con-
ditions of the weather. On cold
nights the ventilator open at the top
only will throw the air upward where
it will mingle with the warmer air
before coming in contact with the
cows.
When it is necessary to keep the
cows in the barn on warm nights the
arrangemen t of the window in Fig.
988 will give a cooling and comfort-
ing active circulation of air through-
out the barn.
Fig. 989 is a vertical section
showing the sash and the top and
bottom of the window frame cut
in two and the sash open and
slightly raised. Write for special
booklet.

"1J..

---"

L OUDEN'S WINDOW VUlTIlAT u .1

,
l

Fig. 987.

I
LOUr S WIND þW Y
T lAT
-

Fig. 988.

Louden Machinery Company.
Gentlemen:
I want to say in regard to the Dairy Barn Equipment purchased of you last year. and installed according to your
very thorough instructions furnished with job. that everything has proven entirely satisfactory and has been exactly
as represented.
If I were to buy equipment again I would make no changes. We have in constant use Stanchions and Litter
Carrier. (the latter being the Emancipator and the best carrier I have ever seen ; also the feed truck which we find
fully as useful and essential as the rest. A neighbor after seeing my truck ordered one like it from you and now does
not see how he ever fed ensilage without it.
We are very much pleased with our entire equipment which has transformed a useless basement into a modern
dairy barn. In closing I wish to say to you as a business firm that I appreciate also the interest manifested on your
part in the adjustment of freight overcharges, etc.
Any intending purchaser who would call at our farm would get a better idea of the succeSll of the equipment than
simply by Teading testimonials. and would be welcome at all times.
Yours truly.
Mr. E. C. Barrick. Proprietor.
Fairview Stock Farm.
Janesville, Iowa

Page Sixteen

" G) "
..:J
:I.
=a..
.
.
" "

He.qÞLR-
1i.ë40J:R

T

DflA/ L OT
LOUDL"N
VfNT/LAT/Nt;
BARN
WINIJOWJ

ZL"E.VATION ..sCALYJ2."
/Fr.

LOUDE:N

/lILLD

-
,N

.

+
ri)

j('ALL OT ..5LCTIO/VS =
"= /7"7:-
I7'OR
WTAL
,<.'- 8"
O/57)//ff NT.

Ol/TJ t;lf//W;
ðOAlflJlNC

'" t':
'1 ";)

CA iJNli'

.LI.5T iF /14Té1f/AL IffOLJIRflJ
TO? O/VL JV//VlJOA/

-4a P/éCEJ AJr.f:
/.5TéO
ýE;rAL
INCI-IE.5 LtWCE^, ThitN EXACT
LZ-NGT/I lrZOl/IReD
I PI;:C/::. WAT
T4ðJ. z. - .3 !..g" LONt:;
I "lIåflJ
tlT. /'4flHý - /m" X 4Yi'X 3
6"
I 'I' "ðL/IÝ.Jl..5T
P-7;í X /
X 3:0"
,,, "JA/'113--'h X .s};X.::3'-o"
,,, "1/015. CA.5INÇ - % X .:3 X.3 '-4-
,- "{)(JT.5..5T
P- f2 X /% )(3'-0-
/- -SILL - --/.72)( 7hX..:3:.g"
/" APORN--1íX.3 X3:'4"
'" 0700L--/YI)( Z x,S-4"
I" OIl4Jf7é/f' JrtX/#LJ -
X
X..3
8-
2" Ol/V. arl.N'.c---ß
x..{iz X.5'-9"
:!... .!JÜ)/LJ J'TOP-
X /Z2 X 3
9'
;!" 7A/'1ð - -
xJ'YJ X4
0-
Z.. INJIlJf C4JI#V' - 1) X.3 )( ::h;'()"
Z.. /)L/7:.J. J'T
P -12 X /-% X3'-Z"
/ JI#t:"LZ J4Jh' fiT. 9 )( 1.2. -/Jß"

.sEC

W.M'h.ðS

OU7.J. t,;jfJ'/N

.ðo-,/.-PLJ//1/G

" R.

1

.3:'O"Cf/lffRJ d JTtlPLJ//VG

j
.,

"{'1:\-
.
.

A
'1ò!.i....
.... "
- -

Page Seventeen

,.'
'I'

fj)
'0' 'MH"
'
. gl.(

,

It i" 'I
.
.. 1 1
. !1:.'
' . .

GUELP
TARIO Ly

,-,
'.'

-I

-'

T abies of Strength of Materials

I
Nominal I External
Saze Diameter
Inche. Inchea

Thickneø
I nc hea

Weillh.
per f oat

Area of
Section

Safe Load in Pounds for Gas-pipe Columns

: 1.0S 113 1.13 .424 806
I UI .134 1.67 562 2181
11 1.666 .140 2.26 .846 4549
I' 1.875 .145 2.69 .983 6391
2 2.375 .154 3.67 1.29 9314
2
2.875 .204 5.77 1.59 12537
3 35 .217 755 2.26 19165
3 I 4. .226 9.05 259 22860
4' I 4.5 .237 10.73 3.33 30103
4
5. .247 12.49 3.73 34502
5 W 563 .259 14.56 4.17 38906
6 6.625 .280 18.77 557 JJ 4055
7 7.625 .301 23.41 7.18 70938
_8 8.625_.322
28.35 ...1.-8.14 81278

u5
;Z
:E
::>
....J
o
U

Louden barn equipment is an economy
for the owner of three cows and ten acres
of land. as well as for the owner of three
hundred cows and a thousand acres of
land.
The percentage of labor saved is the
same.
Louden equipment is an economy for
any farm that is run on a business basis.
Louden barn equipment is just as
great an advantage to the man who has
an old barn that he wants to remodel or
equip. as it is to the man who is building
a barn for which he wants every possible
convenience.
In this little book we but brieRy men-
tion. in a general way. the benefits of
only a few of our products. We merely
wish to give you an idea of our business
and we want to send you free special
catalogs on any or all the lines in which
you are interested.
Conscientious advice. the result of 48
years of barn equipment manufacturing
experience is at your service.

7

Length in Feet
- 8 --r--- 9 10

14

1600
3740
5300
8591
11800
18280
22040
28900
33560
37520
50120
64620
73260

12

3183
5136
7914
11020
17500
21320
28220
32660
37520
50120
64620
73260

4448
7193
10420
16700
20500
27300
31760
36520
50120
64620
73260

15040
18780
25440
29800
34620
48780
64620
73260

17240
21560
27960
32520
46640
62640
73260

TABLE 1.

Safe Load in Pounds Uniformly Distributed for Yellow
Pine Beams Supported at Both Ends.

SIZE OF BEAM
Span - 2x6--r-2x8 T 2xl0 I 2xl2 I 2xl4 -2xI6) 2xlö-
in Dressed to the following 5iz
g
Fee. l
x5 II
x7
l'x9
' I
xll! l;xI3
l
x1511 qxl71
6 -- 1714 - 3047144tiS 716
9872 14020 17846
8 1 ---r2'8'5 2285 3666 5372 I 7404 105 I S I 13398
10 1028
2933 4298 5923 8412 10718
12 857 1523
3582 4936 7010 8932
14 734 1306 [ 2095 3õ7O 4231 6008 1 7656
16 642 1142 1833 I 2686""""J7õT 5256 6699
18 ., 1016 1629 2388 329\
5954
20 914 1466 ' 2149 2961 4206

22 1333 1954 2692 3823 4872
24 1222 1 1791 2469 3505 4466
26 . . . . 1653 2278 3235 4122
28 1535 2115 3804 3828
30 1974 2804 3572
32 ....... .. _ 1851 2628 3349
Note:- The above loads are calculated for a fiber stress
of 1,800 pounds per square inch. safety factor 4. Mod-
ulus of rupture 7.200 pounds per square inch.
Loads above heavy horizontal lines calculated for both
strength and stiffness.
Loads below heavy horizontal lines are for strength only
and will deRect more than one thirtieth of an inch per
foot of span and should not be used wi th plastered
ceilings.

Louden Machinery Company.
Gen tlemen :
I have been using your equipment in my certified dairy barn for about six months and have put it to the test every
way we knew how. but find everything stands the test and should last a lifetime. Every part of the equipment is
perfectly satisfactory and comes up to the standard that everyone should expect when he is buying the best. I find
that I can keep a herd of cows in shape to produce certified milk cheaper with the Louden equipment than I could
keep ('ows in the old fashioned way for producing the cheapest grade of market milk.
I might state that 1 am in the dairy business for the dollar. My equipment ran into four fi\lures and I count it
the best spent money I put into my dairy barn.

BLAIR B. HILEMAN, Prop.,
Pleasant Valley Stock Farm. Ahoona. Pa.

.
. A
., ARCH ITECTU RA:
..J:JII::.I'.:'t=II"
..:JII
lIa .

--
Page Eighteen

,);j

Some of the Fundamentals of Ventilation

Ventilation may be divided into two c1asses-
forced and natural. Forced ventilation requires
blowers to force the air in or exhaust fans to draw
the air out of the place to be ventilated. Forced
ventilation is used in mines and sometimes in large
buildings, but on account of its expense it is not
adapted to ordinary dwelling houses or farm build-
ings. Natural ventilation depends upon natural
laws, and all it requires is the arrangement of
the building to permit the free operation of those
natural laws.
A still further division might be made of warm
and cold weather ventilation, because each has its
special requirements. Warm weather ventilation
is easy. About all that is necessary is to open the
building so the natural currents of air will pass
through. The Louden Ventilating Windows have
been particularly designed for warm weather
ventilation, and meet all requirements. They
should be used when the temperature outside
becomes as warm or warmer than the air in the
barn. In cold weather it is necessary to preserve,
as far as possible, the warmth of the building, and
to do this and at the same time secure efficient
ventilation is the problem. The only absolutely
perfect ventilation is out of doors where there
are no walls or ceilings to interfere with the free
movements of the air.
To overcome the interference of walls and
ceilings. which are necessary to preserve the warmth
of the building in cold weather, and secure the
largest amount of ventilation obtainable under
the circumstances, it is necessary that certain
requirements be strictly complied with. To better
understand these requirements it will be well to
brieRy consider the underlying principles governing
air currents, and upon which ventilation is founded.
Like everything else in nature, it is extremely
simple when we once understand it, but extremely
mystifying when we do not understand it. The
"wind bloweth where it listeth" may seem to
convey the idea that it is irresponsible or not
subject to any definite rules of action, and yet there
is nothing that is more instantaneously responsive
to natural laws.
Heat and cold are the impelling forces behind
every current of air. Heat expands and cold
contracts air, as well as other things. The warm
expanded air will be lighter than an equal volume
of cold contracted air, and like the light boy on the
teeter board, it will go up. while the cold air. like
the heavy boy, will go down. The teeter board.
however, is a clumsy illustration of the extremely
mobile movements of the air currents. That cold
air descends and rushes in to displace the heated
air which ascends or is forced up, tells the story of
all the air currents which have ever fanned the
face of the earth, from the slightest zephyr to the

mightiest tornado. It is the key-note of all forms
of ventilation.
Out of doors every discernible current of air,
and also those not discernible, are simply never
ending efforts of nature to preserve a uniform
temperature. Out of doors the warmest place is
at the ground, and as you go up the air becomes
imperceptibly cooler until several miles high it
becomes as cold as an Arctic winter, in warm as
well as cold weather. This condition is natural.
and is necessary to the continual purification of
the air. Indoors the order is largely reversed.
In a room having a stove and tight ceiling it is the
warmest at the ceiling and the coldest at the Roor.
Sometimes the difference in temperature is as much
as 20 degrees. Under such conditions. with the
impurities of respiration and the carbonic acid gas
generated by the stove retained in the room. the
wonder is that colds and tuberculosis are not more
frequent.
The problem is to preserve the warmth of the
room in winter and at the same time to keep the
air fairly pure and about as warm at the feet as at
the head as it is out of doors and should be indoors.
Many systems of ventilation have been designed
and quite a number give very good results. The
most popular at the present time is the "King
System" designed by Prof. F. H. King. This
system is composed of air Rues arranged according
to the following order:

The King System
Fresh air Rues are provided in the side walls;
starting just high enough above the ground to keep
snow from closing them up, they have intakes
protected by a wire mesh to keep out birds and
the Rues run up to the ceiling to a damper. located
so the fresh air will enter the barn at the ceiling and
always in front of the cows' heads.
Foul air Rues should start on the inside near
the Roor and end in a Rue above the roof. The
air outside being colder and heavier than the air
in the room, it will tend to rush in and replace the
warmer and lighter air of the room, which will be
forced through the ou tlets to mingle wi th the cold
air above the roof.
The pure cold air coming in at the ceiling will
mingle with the warmest air in the room, and will
be warmed to a considerable extent before reaching
the Roor. By this means the air of the room will
be purified but will not be chilled as much as it
would be if it was admitted through an open door or
window.
I t may seem that on this arrangement there is
a reversal of the natural law that cold air descends
and heated air rises, but it is only apparent, or, in
other words, going a short distance backwards to
get around an obstacle and reach the desired end.

.
. A
. ARCH ITECTU RÂL ...1,.='-.:'11=.....
.;;IJI
..IIII::. .
'1 . J . --

---
Page Nineteen

,

:=:=-J L-

... L--l :!:. t- -f I:: r ..... III!:... t" - \.
{"'-"'
. _.'
J . I . \: ,.
..: · .' ' . '
.'
-"

....--
.....
"-\..
GUELPH.
NTARIO JP

I t is well known that "ater will rise in the short end
of a siphon, apparently in opposition to the laws of
gravitation. to go a further distance down in the
long end of the siphon. These ventilating Rues
are constructed on the principle of an inverted
siphon. The cold air will rise a short distance up
to go a longer distance down. and the warm air will
go a short distance down to get a greater distance
up. The principle is the same as the teeter board.
which sends the light boy up, apparently in violation
of the laws of gravity. in order that the heavy boy
may go down in obedience to the same Jaw.
This arrangement to work ouccessfully must be
right in every respect. No person would go back
around-about to get to a place if he could go straight
ahead. The cold air will not go up in a Rue to get
in a building if it can get in below through an open
door or window, or through cracks in the siding.
Neither will the warm air go down near the Roor
to get out of the building if it can get out through
the ceiling or through openings in the upper parts
of the "all. Any cracks or crevices in the Rues
will also be detrimental. I t is an old and a true

saying that 'A fountain will never rIse higher than
its head," but it is equally true that it will never rise
that high unless compelled to do so. The air will
never pass through these ventilating Rues if there
are more direct ways for it to go. There should be
no abrupt shoulders or corners in the Rues to obstruct
the passage of the air, and the air should be enough
warmer and lighter in the building than outside to
cause it to travel the round-about way through the
ventilating Rues. When the temperature inside and
out is about the same, this system of ventilation will
not work, because there is not enough difference in
the weight of the inside and outside air to force the
round-about passage it has to take.
I n dairy barns where no artificial heat is used
and where the difference in temperature will not
be so great. it is even more important to have every-
thing just right. Especial care should be taken to
have the barn built as close and as warm as possible,
to make these ventilating Rues work to the best
advantage. If the lower parts of the outlet Rues
were made of sheet iron so there would be no danger
Continued on Page T wenly-one

Table of Fresh Air Supply and Ventilation
Prof. F. H. King has computed the amount of pure air which must be breathed to supply thf" oxygen
needed by different animals. as shown in the following table. and we have added the last two columns.
"hich show the area of vent Rues that are required per head for a current of air Rowing through the vent
Rues at the rate of 295 feet per minute, and 200 feet per minute, respectively.
If the vent Rue is less than 30 feet in height. column 7 should be used. and if over 30 feet high,
column 6 may be used:

-- --
Cubic h. of An Breathed Pound. of OJILygen Consumed C Flue Area I "'ue Area
2 h h u. h. Air Prr Head Per Head
in 4 our. I in l4
_ P

't-

r Air flowing Air "lowing
Per 1000 lb. P H d Per 1000 lb.. Per Head Per Head 295 It. per mm, 200 ft. per mm

i iwt. e
:6; w a A:

i

t.
t

1--:

--::
if--:f
ir-
2804 2804 11.04 11.04 3S42 28.80 42.48
37'>3 \I 03 29.<.98 4.4S6 1392 11.38 13.12
7260 726 29.314 2.931 917 8.3S 10.94
9667 29 23.84 .07 '> 1') .28 .43
-- -- --

2

Man
Horse
Cow
Swine.
Sheep
Hen

3

5

6

7

4

Table of Area and Size for Vent Flues
in Inches
The following table shows the area and size of vent Rues required for various kinds and number of
stock, calculated with the air in the vent Rues Rowing 200 feet per minute:

Number Head \
01 Stock _--=-MA

Area I Size

HORSE

Area Size

Area

I
2
3
..
j
6
7
6
9
10

8
14
20
27
32
..0
4')
S4
60
64

S4 6 X 9
108 9xI2
Ij612x13
216 12 X 18
264 12 X 22
312 12 X 26
360 12x30
420 12 X 3S
468 12x39
516 12x43

44
88
128
170
216
1M
300
3S2
384
416

2 X 4
2 X 7
4 X S
3 X 9
4 X 8
S X 8
S X 9
6 X 9
6 X 10
6 X 8

P
ge Tw
t1ty

KIND OF STOCK

CO
-1-

SWINE

SHI:.I:.P

HFN

I_<; 'ze-
I

12
22
33
44
SS
66
77
M
99
\10

3 X 4
2 X I I
3 X II
4 X II
5 X "
6 X II
7 X II
8 X II
9 X II
10" II

I 1 X I
I 1 X 1
2 I X 2
2 I X 2
3 I X 3
3 I X 3
3 I X 3
4 2x2
4 2x2
S 2" 3

Size Area

I Arca

Size

Area I Size

4 X II 16
8 X II 27
8 X 16 40
lOx 17 S4
12 X 18 66
12 X 22 80
12 X 2S 92
16 X 22 108
16 X 24 120
16 X 26 132

4 X 4
3 X 9
S X 8 I
6 X 9
6 X II
8 X 10
8 X 12
9 X 12
10 X 12
II " 12

- (j -
.' p
.

A
"'::.1' :'I=......-:;......
ÍII.. .
- -

II.

E::E.3.-......... E3L--l'---->t--JE...= IE3<=,'

1"'-';.

j
".oI:& )O :\
. ,
?- GUELPH, ONTARIO

,-,
!'.'.

of fire, and gas jets were placed in
them, it would help to create the
draft necessary to make the strong-
est curren t. This would be especially
advantageous in the early spring or
late fall months when there is but
little difference in the temperature
of the air inside and outside the
building. During the warmer
months these ventilating Rues will
be but little use, and a more direct
system of ventilation should then
be used.
One of the worst things to be
contended with in dairy ba::-ns during the winter months is the humid state of the atmosphere and its
condensation on the walls and ceiling of the building. This is due to a lack of proper ventilation, and
is aggravated by the lack of proper insulation. Warm air will carry a larger amount of moisture than
cold air, and when it is brought in contact with a cold surface the moisture will be precipitated. and will
form in drops of water on the ceiling and on the walls. A warm barn with an active circulation of
the air through the ventilating Rues is the best thing for this condition. There is a lot of moisture in the
cows' breath. and when the ventilating currents are sluggish and the temperature is chilly. this' 'sweating
process" will be increased.
Open doors and windows cannot be used at the same time with the ventilating Rues. because the
interchange of air currents ""ill take place through the doors and windows instead of the ventilating
Rues. because the air will al""ays take the most direct course. If the ventilating Rues are properly
arranged and proportioned (the nearer air tight the building is. the better) the more perfectly the ventila-
tion will work.
The essential points required for
perfect results with this system of
ventilation are as follows:
The room must be as near air
tight as is practical to make it.
Walls and cei ling should be insulated
from outside temperature by lining
with heavy building paper. matched
lumber or other non-conducting
material. The foul air vent shafts
must start near the Roor and run up
at least two feet above highest point
of roof. Should be smooth on
inside. Can be changed from oblong
to square or round, but area must
remain the same the entire length.
I t should be as near vertical as
possible and avoid all sharp bends
and horizontal runs. I t should be
air tight and insulated from outside
temperature. Should have rain
proof top. and intake should be
located behind cows so that all foul
air will be drawn away from cows'
heads.
Fresh air ducts should also be
insulated. smooth inside. of about
equal area the entire length and
outside air intakes should be as far
below the outlet at ceiling as is
practical. for thereason that if intake
was level with outlet in the ceiling,
the warm air near the ceiling would
escape, reversing the Row of air and

I .

.....:-..
'-

CROSS :SEC TlON OF BARN
.5tiOW/NG- FRt:.5H AIR Due T.s
ARRANGEMENT rORCOw
TACINC:,.IN

I.J
10:

//,,\
///; \."'

, .

j
.,

,j-

CRo.SS .5L:CTlON or 13A RN
.:3HOW/NG rOUL AIR DUCT..5
ARRANc;rMéNT
COW.5 l';A,ClNG IN

.,J
::I
fflwHAm

;) \ "" ,
/ // J ,,'-... "-..
J
/_
<.. ,.' ," ,". ' ] -...
'jt rl
""'-<; , . , . r: .-;=!;.-.
,.:.:=.;,
_._--(

{-.

.
i-
.
.

A
- .II
';1I
"'" .

-

Page Twcnty-one

I;."

1 1- __ r ...-..... J:
1-- I c-_
t--f F_ L_
t I--
<<::
'-

,.
..;l]Ih:.'
51!}"
tÃ.
\.c.. GUELP
ONTARIO 'r ,

..
,)
.....S

exhausting the heat in pldce of letting in fresh air.
Fresh air should always enter the room near the
ceiling. and entrance of air should always be located
in front of cows so the air will Row towards the cow
and form a current passing beyond the cow. towards
the foul air shaft. absorbing all impurities in its path.
Fresh air ducts should be well and equally dis-
tributed along the ceiling of feeding alley; a number
of small ducts are better than one large duct of

equal area. Foul air vents can be made larger and
less in number.
Foul air vent ducts take up least amount of
room and are cheapest to build if built into the out-
side walls as shown in this sketch and fresh air ducts
can be run to center of ceiling (between joists) as
well as not. For this reason we recommend cows
be stanchioned facing in.

Another Good System of Ventilation
PUN I/fNT TLU
.5 UP TIIRI/ R()()T

\
,"'
LlL'NT IZUfS IN CélL/AC CAN æ
I?fCULA7éD TO..JV/T WfA7liéR
CCWOI710N5. TéMPfRATURL AVO
/tUMIDITY a= All< IN IjARN.

TOUL AIR /NTAKL .4T DID CY ßA1<N
CO/Y/VL"'CTfO TO TILL

U/VDLR .s77lLL TLOOR.
"
( , r
r :i:{
? ' }{:: I

',.. .V.
.
" '.-?' T/lt:5114/1? Ill/-f 1.5 rCWT//Vt/ot/5
. ,z:
. '.' ''':::-J ". . I
'- "
4VlHVO fiJtIR jt?l;S ff BARN ;:YCCPT!
t l :' ,
, ,.... hRtCRE INTCRRUPTCD &' lX)O.Q' I:
:
'!.
.;-; OPENI!CJ AAO FotIL. AIR IZIL. :,! I ( I'

':'Fi.
::: : (
\ \ :
.:

.:
...
..
:.
.;:..;:lJ' TILr A
IVD IN.5IDC OF WALL " :':

'''-Å'' "o",
"p.,;,,<;:
.1.....
:
..;.. IN.5ULAT
0 BAJ<N FLOOR
:.t/::';i!:'ô

.r.."'j;.CJ::.

;;'.v..'Þ

';';'. :

'O:
.
::

;"
ð:

-:ð:
j;:

;;:
'
':
.1.:
j);QZ1:;;"...:::::...

.::;.:.;i.. næJMCOLDTOUNf)ATICWWl/LL:

""':.,
; ..rC!;_"o;,.;" -, ......_
:....." ..... .'. ..
;
:

::
;
:ift
E;;

:
;t)!i.:-:!"'
::
:
öi

: _" '" _'/'" '" 1 ..:'
..'!'
13."

='I;';':
':;<>::' ,. "-,.<=il/
ljr. ,,/I'" .-;: ;, . -.!
. IT"" Aj,Q CI/:K'ULA7/SS T/tkJU 7/Lé.
I (.......... ÉU" 1f="P.iIlU"'/II/=/I1"'111, II /",,'''J!!'
,':Jj
: I.A..IL. /"1,
'1'" :"::'.....
;
. íil
lI
tiiE"'/"'/ltf=/I"'</IIii!/üc=ill!:I

..æ. 1",-.ICNI="'!i/"
IIU'/fùIl
FROM ONe LND Or f3IJI<N TO TilL
OTHLR fND AND LNT
R.s nUL WIiICIi COß TIi!:JU J<IOet:

Yl.-'"

o

'"

With this system of ventilation the entire exterior
walls of the lower story are used for the fresh air
Rues.
The air enters the wall from the outside through
openings located between the windows and near the
ceiling height of the lower story. These inlet open-
ings can be constructed with slats as shown in the
cut so as to make them rain proof. and on the inside
face of the slats a wire mesh is nailed to keep out
birds.
The boarding on the inside face of the studding is
kept one inch away from the studding by first
nailing horizontal I x4 inch strips on the studding
and the boarding nailed to these strips. The
object of this is to allow the air to pass from the
space between the two studding which contains the

Page Twenty-two

.

\
I

I

l

Ji

-NO mNPL'R. T/l67Zt/'c
15ALWAY-S oveN r

IIVTA/fL l/P T/fRL/
T

fresh air intake to all the spaces between all other
studding.
From each of the air spaces between all studding
the entire length of both sides of the barn. the air
is taken into the room from a continuous slot just
above the sill. See cut.
Solid concrete is not a good insulation against
cold. in fact. it makes a good conductor of cold. It
is a general practice to lay the cement Roor of a
barn directly against the outside wall, which in
winter will conduct the cold to the Roor and the
Roor will absorb the cold and gradually the entire
Roor will be cooled by its being in direct contact
with the outside wall.
To keep the Roor warm it is therefore necessary
to keep it away from the outside wall. This is

.
.
, - -1'
' I

A
- ....;O:'.-4
.... .
- -

done by laying a row of hollow tile be

tween the wall and the Roor.
This tile is still more effective if used
for a vent Rue so that there will be a
circulation of warm air through it.
The foul air in leaving the room
passes into a "Rue which starts about
eighteen inches above the Roor and runs
down to a row of tile running from one
end of the barn to the other, directly
under the cow stalls. This tile with
the circulation of warm air from the
barn in them keeps the stall Roors warm.
From the tile the air enters a Rue
located at the opposite side of the barn
from the inlet Rue and this flue runs up
to a metal ventilator placed on the roof.
If the barn has two rows of COW5 the
Rues can be built so the air under one
TOW will flow in one direction and the
other in the opposi te; making one in take
and one flue at each end of the barn.
At times it is necessary to exhaust
air out of the barn quicker than the
regular foul air Rues which start near
the Roor can draw it out. This is par-
ticularly true in Spring when the
weather gets warm and the tempera-
ture is changeable.
This condi tion is taken care of by
constructing vent flues from the litter
alley ceiling to above the roof and
provided with dampers or shutters
which are hinged or pivoted so they
can be opened to any degree that may
be desired and held open by a rope
secured to a convenient place.
With two separate sets of vent Rues; one set with
intakes at the floor and one with intakes at the
ceiling, this system can be regulated to give perfect
results in any kind of weather. w
ich can not be
done with systems that have all the foul air Rues
starting near the floor.

Each year the students of the government Agri-
cultural College at Winnipeg. Canada. hold a Barn
Planning Contest under the supervision of Prof.
L. E. Smith, Professor of Engineering. Cash prizes
-" for the best plans are offered by the Loudon Ma.
_
__ chinery Company, and after the close of the contest
I.J .. \, . ';a: ,-:ì) a banquet is given to the contestants by this com-
. -0 __ '" ..Á _ -
.. .... 7 pany.
I ' This year the banquet was graced by the pres-
_ e B nc d e f of d the h Depu d ty Mini d s d ter of A d griculture t ' d Pr t o h f.
Louden Barn Plan Competition Dinner for students of e or , w 0 ma e an a ress an presen e e
the Manitoba Agricultural College, Winnipeg, Canada prizes to the successful contestants.
, - -Dr' ã.I:H.:. tn:\ :.]I:31:1':':'II=III1
.
"' .
1 .'W. --

...

....,

,

.

.

.'

, ,

-

.

<.

1
- . :\" ...:i>
..... "'" "...III;;
)

...--J
'.1

,

;! f :
. l' t I

..::..I.'.
' .... _.0__.-

.":

rOVL411? rJRéV.t./lTE5
TIfIf'OVCh" 7/LL. }""Ã'OM
ONf EN/) TC OTh"El? .eND æ .254RN

CroS5
LCTION -5110M/VC YL7YTILA7101V

This method of controlling the air supply to dairy
barns and at the same time using the air for keeping
the stall Roors warm has been used in a number of
barns with perfect success for years and has been
found absolutely satisfactory, and we take pleasure
ot an opportunity in giving this information to any
dairyman who may desire to take advantage of it.

A Canadian Banquet

f

Page Twenty-three

,.
'.'

, --"

About Barn Roofs
The accompanying illustration shows three
ordinary roofs. The third pitch was the old style
used almost universally a hundred years ago.
shown at C. This gives mow room 12 feet deep
at the peak above the plate line in a barn 40 feet
wide. The half pitch roof shown at D gives ?O
feet mow room in the center above the plate. while
the roof shown at E gives a height of 24 feet in
the center and 16 feet at FF. It will readily be

-/

y

/
II
H

r "

=

Three Common Pitches of Roofs
!>t:en that the value of such a roof is very much
greater than either straight roof when it comes to
storage capacity.

-.

..'

Besides the advantage of increased storage.
the larger roof is right when it comes to turning
water. The upper part is not very steep. The
upper roof is short and it is not necessary that
it should be steep. because there is very little
accumulation of water. The lower portion of the
roof drops away quickly. This is exactly the
reverse of the old style lean-to. where the addition
sloped away and held a large amount of water to
rot the shingles.
The advantage of a double roof pitch was never
appreciated until horse forks came into general
use to put hay and sheaves up into the loft in such
quantities and so quickly that considerable storage
room was found necessary in which to mow it
away. Then again. it requires from 8 to 10 feet
headway to use a hay fork to advantage. In
figuring the capacity of the dilTcrent shaped roofs
this fact should be taken into consideration.
It costs a little more to build a double roof.
but the extra cost is not in proportion to the extra
value. Then. for a finish to a modern barn.
nothing ",ill equal in appearance one of the double
or gambrel roofs when well built and rightly pro-
portioned.

Approximate Capacity of Round Silos, in Tons
Diamuer is shown at top of column, and depth at left.

HEIGHT INSIDE DIAMETER OF SILO. IN FEET; AND CAPACITY IN TONS (2.0Q(' Ibs.)
OF SILO --.--- - I ---- -
10 It lilt Ilh. I3h 14h. IS h. 161t. 17 It. 18 It. 19 It 20 It.
---- -- - --
Feet Ton. Ton. Ton. Ton. Ton. Ton. Ton. Ton. Ton. Ton. TODII
20 26
21 28
12 30 36
23 32 39
14 34 41 49
1; 36 4
;2
16 38 46 ;; 64
Z7 40 49 ;8 68
18 42 ;1 61 71 83
29 44 ;4 64 7; 87
30 47 ;6 67 79 91 10;
31 49 ;8 70 83 96 110
32 ;1 fo2 74 86 100 II; 131
33 ;3 6; 77 90 10; 121 138
34 ;6 68 80 94 109 126 143 162
3; ;8 70 84 98 114 132 14<) 169
36 61 73 87 101 118 136 I;; 176 196
H 63 76 90 106 123 142 161 liB 204
38 66 79 94 110 128 148 10 191 212 237
39 68 82 97 II; 133 IS4 174 198 221 247
40 70 8; 101 119 138 160 180 20; 229 2S6 280
41 72 88 10; 124 143 166 187 211 236 262 291
42 74 91 109 128 148 172 193 218 244 270 300
43 113 133 1;4 179 201 22; 272 280 310
44 117 137 1;9 184 207 233 201 289 320
4; 16; 191 21S 240 2L9 298 330
46 170 197 222 247 277 307 340
47 229 2S4 2d; '316 3;0
48 236 261 293 U; 361
49 301 334 371
;0 310 344
'3f\2_
- - - - -
Add; feet to height indicat.,d. to allow for .elliing of lIilage. For further information lice pagc 53
. L.
n..I(
Il.I=,
.:a
: . .I"':I ' ''='''..:.'':ò.
'' .
Page Twenty-four 1 . '. --

E::
.- ___ E3 L-- I
_.5 1--1 E:: = I '= => <==> -

;;;;J
-; '
,
'
'J:
:
j:ll:\'
'n.,
.,;.
;;:'.,
'l- _ = GUELP
TARIO
-

'

A Louden Equipped Government Barn
Kansas is one of many government Indian institute

The Haskell Institute Dairy Barn at Lawrence,
barns that aæ Louden equipped.
and is but one of hundreds of
government and state barns that
use Louden equipment.
I n the Haskell Dairy Barn are
used Louden Li tter and Feed
carrie:s, Calf, Cow. and Bull
pens, together with 81 Louden
stalls. The stalls are of the Go-
Right type set in three rows of
27 each. All of the stalls in one I
section are hooked up with one
lever and work fine. The whole
row can be thrown with a slight
push on the lever.
The following letter from
Mr. MacArthur, dairyman at
H:lskell Institute. to Mr. H. P.
Harbison. a Kansas City repre-
sentative of Louden Machinerv
Company, indicates the degr;e
o

atisfaction the equipment is
givmg:

I

fi

I
I
I

11 I
I,' I
J

<

I

II

,

\:j ..

Louden Bull Pens in Haskell Institute Dairy Barn

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
United States Indian Service Haskell Institute
Lawrence. Kansas, May 6, 1914.

Mr. H. P. Harbison.
Kansas City, Mo.
Dear Sir.
I rather think that I promised to write you when the Louden equipment was installed in our dairy
barn and let you know my opinion of your equipment after it was put to the test with inex-
perienced help. Of course you know the Indian boys have had no training and were necessarily
inexpenenced, which together with a herd of young cows. would be very trying regarding strength and
utility. I will confess that I had my fears that our Indian boys would be too reckless and careless and
therefore cause considerable amount of breakage with such a complete equipment, for you know that
we purchased the latest and most up-to-date that you manufacture, but to my surprise the hard strain of
wmter use. with 125 head of cattle there is not the least repair needed in stanchions. bull. cow. or calf pens.
You remember we hung up some ninety-six feet of sure stop to pull with one lever, which you were
afraid would work too hard. It
works easily and the boys handle
it with one hand.
The high curb with cut-out for
stanchions is great from a stand-
point of economy, as the cows
can't possibly waste their feed by
throwing it under their feet.
You remember we arranged to
water the stock in the cement
mangers during stormy weather.
which arrangement is very satis-
factory, as we lift the partitions
between cows. 5\\ eep ou t mangers
thoroughly, and turn in water
until all finish drinking.
The dairy barn at Haskell is
now a place of interest to visitors
who constantly pass through the
institution and remarks of praise
regarding the Louden equipment
are constantly overheard.
Continued bottom next page.

-

1,- -

- . - - -'. ,
--

I

..

J

....

'\

, t_"I'"
..
r 1
.- , ..
l

.

.

h -..', -.

-1

'.

-
I

1
L

\..

louden Stalls, Stanchions and Manger Divisions in the
Haskell Institute Dairy Barn.

. L'
:let:...-
1

"fJ1:\F
.\W.

A.
.:I:.:.:.....
. ;>II
"1II:II
- -

Page Twenty-five

....I

li.-

io

-;'

oii p ANY'-" ) - .-
:1 C;UELPH
NTARIO
· þ

Clff ..5ffallNC COPRfCT CON.5mUCTION F{P ß4SEMENT BARNS

-
.........r

". .....".

THS,&/æ..
13 CMRK
ÞN<"_
'OUL

t
Ãk
'

A

'L=

1 -.......";;;,;.
.. t
- ,---.;;
...,..,.....""<

-

-

.

.....
III .....
..J-
: t:.,pTH
.
NK.

.....
L.a."

WRONC W4Y

CORRECT WAY
Two Methods of Building a Bank Barn

_1CI..,.q.

Modern Sanitary Bank Barns

The ordinary. old-fashioned stable under a bank
barn was damp and warm when filled with animals
in the winter time and it was damp and cool in
summer. The warmth and coolness were agreeable,
but disease lurked in both conditions of the stable
atmosphere.
Since investigators have been looking into the
germ troubles that domestic animals suffer from.
attention has been directed to the objectionable
features of these old-fashioned stable dungeons.
Anarchist germs prefer darkness to light. They
thrive when the atmosphere is moisture laden.
If the moisture comes from the breath of animals.
they thrive all the better; it seems to act as a culture
medium, to propagate the most undesirable of all
cattle disease germs.

Sunshine and fresh air are the h\o principal
preventatives. In this illustration the architect
shows how to build a bank barn on sanitary princi-
ples-the bank is kept back away from the barn
wall, and the upper floor is reached by a bridge
Bank barns are not necessarily objectionable.
Usually, they are built on an elevation where drain-
age may be maintained in spite of the usual barn-
yard proclivities to get muddy and stay muddy.
Besides offering better sanitary conditions. this plan
provides the best possible means for establishing
warm winter corrals having gates and passage-ways
leading all the way around the stable section of the
barn.
I n grading the side of the bank. the earth removed
to make this passage-way may be dumped in scraper
loads to fill the pot holes and to grade up the corrals,
lanes. etc.

I will arrange to get you some
fine views soon. We have to
finish our spring cleaning and the
cattle are not entirely shed off
yet, but just a little later we
ill
be ready to give you some vie
s
you will appreciate.
Very respectfully,
Donald MacArthur. Dairymdn.
Uncle Sam has been testing out
Louden equipment for many
years, and the fact that it is
specified for most government
buildings is one of the strongest
recommendations that can be
given to the equipment. Write
for names of Louden equipped
barns in your vicinity.

Page fwentY-II.x

/

I ..
,
11- I le
- Jl
1'111 It L.

-..... ílt11!,
\\\
la. . I:. I

I
I

L

Louden Calf Penll in Hallkellinatitute Dairy Barn

.1":\.
. \UJ
.

A
....
.;;III.-:...aI .
- -

--If' ...
I.:::---

"-
I, ---
..J
,.:)..---.- :-J

"I.

.

-;:. -
--

'J
' 1111

1111 I
r
..

n:tl

"" ,..., .., r"I ,.. M I I

I , I J n r'1("1 . n n- "
1111 - '

1111

Design 1840-For Dairy Barn

I
t -I

ìTl
ri
:
I

RAv
D COVRT

,
,
; : " 'i
" ,
,
, ,
,

.

r:::t

/'

Description
This barn is 126 ft. wide by 140 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends 18 inches above the
ground and the frame sidewalls are 16 ft. high.
The lower story is 9
2 ft. high. the hay mow is
22 ft. high from Roor to hay carrier-track. the vertical
sidewalls in the hay mow are 6 ft. high, and the
ridge of roof is 36 ft. above the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete construction.
and the entire Roor of the lower story is of concrete
construction.
Capacity of mow. 3 I 5 tons loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame
construction and has a clear hay mow without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $9800.00.

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 1840 $25. 00

Louden Manger and Manger Divisions
How comfortable the cows look, each eating her apportioned feed without interference from her
neighbor. or without straining herself to get some of her neighbor's feed. The shape of the manger
makes the feed roll down close to the cow so she will not have to strain to get it as she would if a Rat-bot-
_ tomed manger was used.
- -- J -r- Q Louden Steel Mangers.
I
J'I t-"'
' I I also Louden Cement Man-
. II
. I , i.\.." gers and Manger Divisions
p
have been adopted by dairy

{
.-' authorities the world over
')4 ,as being the most lasting,
l' II. convenient and sanitary,
and the easiest constructed
or installed. Send for spe-
cial ca talogs.

!OJ

J
. Bõ.1ãf
1

- @ .
....:11....., - ".. 'I..
I
. .

..-,
..r'

"1 )
,r

.

. -I.

=#;-

A.

.:I[J
IIIt.- -

Page Twenty-seven

-

'."

] . J),

--y-...-.....:E
L 1

t----iE t=:)

I
..,

\..

"

.

II ;t )Ii ·
,
GUELPH. ONTARIO
----

.

FJ

, .

.)

----A

"

...)

,. ....
....

..." -- -
" .....
I ,
I . II I ., I I I I i . I IIIIIII t
. .. .1 . I

Design 2603-For 80 Cows

17...5=--0"_____ _
I
- - -
- - - - - - - - "I::J" - - ---- -- -
- - - - - - ..:=J" - - - - - ] t .
I . '. .. ,LITTeR ALLrY-n
. On 'n. --- ,'--' '. -,
1 -

0ff;olw1
17
i
j51 I I II ì II I ':11 II I 0! I I II
_ I

ANGLR ----r+-
-, - ,
'.',
\ -MANb-rR
rE
plNc.. ÃL L
Y '--ff '- --=
".
t;û - ='
:
I
I I
14k:;J' IC

If:!f-lslîl IJ

I I 11_1 I;
IJ 1,1 I T
I
j
. -Cv.TTE . .. . 'LITTER.. A li!=. E'V -.-.-.--
"--- __h_ __ n..."__., _.,hd I
1----. _
_ _ _ _ ___ -.r--L. __ ,....... ____ _ --- _____ t K;-=-_....

'-

This barn is 36 ft. wide by 175 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends 4 ft. above the ground
and the frame sidewalls are lOft. high.
The lower story is 9 1 2 ft. high. the hay mow is
1 t} ft. high from Roor to hay carrier-track. the vertical
sidewalls in the hay mow are 3 ft. high. and the ridge
of roof is 32 ft. above the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete construction.
and the entire Roor of the lower story is of concrete
construction.

Description
Mow capacity. 145 tons loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame
construction and has a clear hay mow without
posts.

The cost IS
estimated to be

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 2603 $15. 00

$6000.00.

Louden Litter Carriers
I The Louden Litter Carrier is a
'r great time and labor saver. With a
" Louden Litter Carrier. barn cleaning
t i is made easy and pleasant work. Every

farm needs this equipment. Manure
may be taken directly from the stalls
to the spreader or manure pit with but
one handling and in half the time
necessary by the old-fashioned method.
Loaded cars may be raised and lowered
to any height by a small boy, and run out and emptied anywhere desired. Write today for detailed
information and catalogs and lessen your winter barn work. Louden Carriers are made in several different
styles both for Steel and Wire Track.

[ _ I

t

.,.
,'III/IIlh

-I [

'1

Page Twenty-e.g h t

. +.._i:eI:III.:1{..Il.I;,....:.

. 11 1.........:0..... .

u.-
,
11a.'

t "I

-./
, '.
".
..
.
..
" 11II .
- I I .
11.1 I I

-,III, 1-=-
,I . . II .
-

Design 1559 - For 66 Cows
Description

This barn is 34 ft. wide by 130 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends 18 inches above
the ground. and tht> frame sidewalls are 8 ft. high.
The lower story is 9 ft. high. The ridge of roof
is 22 ft. above the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete construction.
and the entire floor of the lower story is of concrete
cono;;truction.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame
construction and has a clear hay mow without posts.
The cost is es timated to be $3090.00.
For feeding and milking dairy cows this barn will be found a labor
saver because it is compact and all cows face one center feeding alley,
which runs the full length of the barn and contains a carrier-track
that can be run to a silo and the milk can be taken to the milk house
by the litter carrier-track extending out of the end doors of each litter
alley.

-:----
""'"""I=
-,-
1""""\c
1
CLL>'-'.f VII vC .6._ E

1.'1 1 IF' err ,.5,T"tLf 1 ,
I I 1 I. I r 1 1 / 1 rCf'/-{ pr"lLI-
I I I I i: I , i
FLr:.DINc; ALL
Y .?
i .
I 1'6 l dolvl.sIT.d.ds l I I I r I, I h,'
dwl tstAlLlsI I I I I r.I -1

- --=.:.=-::.:.:
2. I
= __

j
L /30"-O
- _ -----I

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications

. .

, .

$} 0. 00

.....,

Louden Feed Carriers
A Louden Feed Carrier is relief from the
bucket, the wheelbarrow and the bushel basket. '
and the waste resulting from those old-fashioned
methods of handling feed. The Louden Feed
Carrier is a necessity on any farm where a dozen
or more head of stock are to be fed. A boy of
ten years can operate the carrier from feed bin
or silo to mangers or feed racks. and do the work
with less effort than it takes you to run a loaded I '
wheelbarrow. Write us, giving outline of your L ' I I'
feeding conditions. and we will gladly furnish
estimates free. Louden Feed Carriers are made
in many styles.

'
I

I
. r
--....

\.1

_J

Louden Manufacturing Co.,
Dear Sirs: The litter carrier and hay fork that I bought three years ago from your general agent have proved
very satisfactory. I remain.

Yours truly, L R. Smith. R. R. No. 2. Ab
rcorn. Quebec

.
. A
. ARCH ITECTU RÀL ..I;1II='-."=.....
.;1II
II..::. .
'1 . J. --

-
Page Twenty-nine

-.J

...
...

3L-1 \

· I 1--
:
;
.
FT:;:i;y" ,:. )-,

._

f' ..
.. ..........

I í

1==

.
,
--

-
=- II
-- --:;>...-

Þ.. r.
. .
1111

Æ

II

.....

I

!:-

oè.,...

--]
-......

Jr

;-
;;-1

tl

ft. Jr. I
II

__I

I I
.

Design 2550 - For 54 Cows

t- -- -- - '
"_O. ------- ----

"-"---
, I

' , , 10 + 1 > '1< 1 ,
---=-
... "r.z
ALLl:"_

CALI"

_N

1 olIN r_ .'L
Y'

!...!.11 '---! '---! J...! - i.:j" Jcq w l 1".\<4<.11 I I I I I I I ;
---'

The key to sanitary dairy barn construction lies
in the combining of the steel stall and stanchion
construction together with impervious cement floors.
plenty of light and proper ventilation.
This barn has been especially designed for
concrete block or hollow tile wall construction and
a timber roof covered with corrugated iron roofing.
I t is very fire resisting from the exterior. durable
and the hollow masonry walls give it good protection
against extreme cold and hot weather.

T
I
-.. -
i
I
1

Description
This barn is 36 ft. wide by In ft. long.
The concrete foundation wall extends 18 inches
above the ground and the cement block sidewalls
are 14 ft. high.
The lower story is 9 ft. high. the hay mo', is
21 ft. high from floor to hay carrier-track. the vertical
sidewalls in the hay mow are 4 ft. high and the
ridge of roof is 34 ft. above the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete construction
and the entire floor of the lower story is of concrete
construction.
Mow capacity. 142 tons loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame
construction and has a clear hay mow without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $4.000.00.

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 2550 $ 5.. 00

Dear Sir\!!:
After using your barn equipments for seven years I find them to be O. K. in every respect. and
doing me good service now. I do not know how I could get along without it. My first purchase of your
goods was in 1907.

Yours truly.

Wm. Griffin. L.st Orwell. 0

Page Thirty

.tÿ ;

A.
...............ar .

L-.or

f

. . m

a 11 i ß D !II I i I
I
-
---- II II .. = =-'"

Design 2075-For 50 Cows

Description
This barn is 36 ft. wide by 136 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends 18 inches above the
ground, and the frame sidewalls are 16 ft. high.
The lower story is 9 ft. high, the hay mow is
25 ft. high from floor to hay carrier-track, the
vertical sidewalls in the hay mow are 8 ft. high. and
the ridge of roof is 38 ft. above the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete construction,
and the entire floor of the lower story is of concrete
construction.
Mow capacity. 243 tons loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame
construction and has a clear hay mow without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $5300.00.

_ _ --""" C7
_ _ _ _ _....'""'- _
...,.;>;:
-- -
. =

"
:"_
L I
-
.';,..
, ._
_,,

_ . _ -=0 ,
I
_
__ --l---l c-:-:,.. :;:FT
i J {

. ';
r
A''''''; :
i I f J:iJIu,,,,jJJ:, r.u,:u;, c.u1ultJ

:
':

' =':' , CO?

i . !r;:
:'L_v
;;i.L!Þ..!ri:
''';; "
".. rccc>

L '-i
' ;';C).... <0_

ll
._v.. p..

J

Dairy farmers are learning the value of cow stable manure, and
they are making so much better use of it than they ever did before
that manure conveniences around the stable are greatly appreciated.
A good stable with a manure carrier and a manure spreader properly
handled will increase the grain yield of the farm each year, while the
dairy is paying all the expenses of running the farm.
We don't really own our land until we have it well fenced. We
don't really own our own live stock until we have proper buildings to house them.
Saving the waste makes the profit. A farm barn is a farm factory. Waste material IS a by-product
in disguise. What was formerly waste is now worked into salable merchandise.
Farm buildings are farm factories. The soil produces the raw materials which are taken to the farm
shops and made into high-priced butter, beef, mutton, and pork.
Formerly beef cattle were raised on the open range. I t required three or four years to produce bed
steers. because they were left out in the cold to hustle for themselves all winter. The grass was partly
covered with snow and occasionally the water was frozen so the animals could neither eat nor drink for days
at a time. Mortality among range cattle often reached such figures as 50 per cent, and the ones to
survive the winter were lighter in the spring than they were in the fall.

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 2075 $8. 00

Gentlemen: Your Louden Equipment installed in our cow barn i3 eminently satisfactory, The litter carrier
has proven a time-saver beyond our expectations. Si,cerely yours. J. R, Walton. Supt..
Confederate Soldiers Home of Missouri, Higginsville. 1\.10.

.,

:@

A
= .
.=-
..... .
- -

Page Thlrt)-one

..;:;

' ;.
J:
:

'

.1

--iI

...

..'

"

. ..
.... '>
of

..:.
..:

....

;

.

I'

II

I

lit

..

]]J

ì

t

---'

I I
- '---

I
I .
IIII
I I

;
II

I

k ..J

Design 2563 - For 50 Cows

I
< J

}

_è>>

1' ''

, .

, \

-- )
-=l "'0 .

I I-
'
- L:: j z;o _0)

Description
This barn is 32 ft. wide by 100 ft. long.
The founda tion wall ex tends 18 inches above the
ground. and the frame sidewalls are 14 ft. high.
The lower story is 9 ft. high. the hay mow is 20
ft. high from floor to hay carrier-track, the vertic-
al sidewalls in the hay mow are 6 ft. high, and
the ridge of roof is 33 ft. above the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete construc-
tion. and the entire floor of the lower story is of
concrete construction.
Mow capacity. 95 tons loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-
frame construction and has a clear hay mow
without posts.
This cost is estimated to be $3100.00

t:::7'L -7
:
AL ,,.,.

I:P A...Lc:.....

I I I I
I
.'
: í"
4,_

I I

When to Cut the Ensilage
Water ancl Dry Matter in Corn at Different Period.
Corn Water Dry
per per matter
acre acre per acre
July 30-Fully tasseled. 90 8 2 .8
August 9- Fully "ilked. . 11 9 II 3 1.5
August 21- Kernels watery to full milk 16.3 14.0 2 3
September 7- Kernel" glazing 16 I 12.5 3 6
'ieptember 23-Ripe 14 2 10.2 4 0
In the last column is shown the dry matter per acre in corn at different stages. When the corn is
fully tas
e1ed. it contains but eight-tenths of a ton of dry matter per acre. or only one-fifth what it contains
",hen fully ripe.
hen in the milk it contains nearly three times as much dry matter as when fully
tasseled. Only seventeen days were occupied in passing from the milk to the glazing stage. yet in
this time there was an increase in the dry matter of 1.3 tons per acre. This shows the great advantage
of letting the corn stand until the kernels are glazed.

Date of cutting

Stage of growth

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 2563 $5. 00

If your neighbor i. &,oin&, to build tell him about this book-and do both him and u. a &,ood turn.

Page Thirty-two

+ .

.'W'

_ 0 -

OE.PARTM!:.NT. -
. -. --

"'--

'f'"

,

'

'
-
'-'10 . . · ,
'{
; · ..
...'4p I ....
GUELPH. ONTARIO

-,(I .!J
IÍ ,.,\.
,/....

.iI

-

"

u

-

.. I ! II
þ

II

.

II III I

:A:

lITì

,.
".... :Aiò

Design 1670-For 50 Cows

r---

Description

- 1:.38"'0. -- "
- -Do. ñË
ALLÉV _.0. - - I-- ED
T
[M.<M<; 'J> 'L I This barn is 36 ft. wide by 138 ft. long.
2.i05 .co w, .5 I T IAI L I L l51 IJ
BIN'" I The foundation wall extends 18 inches above
L/TTrJ) ALLEY 'n_ <> the ground. and the frame sidewalls are 14 ft
I ..216 I CIOW I iS l T l4iLlLl51 - -----; . "
J
high.

"^""
_ - I ""''-H II The lower story is 9 ft. high, the hay
_
l!;! P_ALLEY
_
_"'.I.t. mow is 23 ft. high from floor to hay carrier-
6 ft h . h d th . d f f . 36 ft b th d track, the vertical sidewalls in the hay mow are
. Ig. an e n ge 0 roo IS . a ove e groun .
The foundation wall is of concrete construction, and the entire
floor of the 100
er story is of concrete construction.
Mow capacity, 165 tons loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame construction
and has a clear hay mow wi tholl t posts.
The cost is estimated to be $4224.00.

rloAyR
1(

..5Iit:L Tt:Q

.5H.ED

Price of Complete working
plans and spec;.fications
for . .

1670 $6. 00

The shelter shed at the end of this barn has a southeast exposure and for northern climates is a
feature that should not be overlooked. This gives the cattle a place to exercise under cover in b
d
weather.
The vent
smooth wall

flues projecting on the outside of the walls
,,
ithout projections.

In place of inside gives the feed alleys a

. I
I

Louden Machinery Company,
Dear Sirs:
Your outfit is giving perfect satisfaction and will last, I believe, as long as the cement floor in which it is set.
value this outfit highly.
At the present time no one will question the fact that the more comfort given the cow the more milk she will give.
but I think there are few that realize that it effects the test even to perhaps a greater degree.
Stable your cows in a cold. unventilated. poorly lighted barn with the rigicl stanchions for a winter, and the next
winter give them swinging stanchions, the proper amount of light. air. and protection from the cold. and it will be
found there will be a big difference in the test. Yours very truly,
Ora P. Taylor.
Elkhorn, Wis.

. @ . A
. ARCH ITECTU RAL t, ..J"'I='-.:.=I11......"'I
..III:II .
'1 .. --

Page Thirty-three

,-
'.'

tO UD!if -

o.itP

- ....
'. GUELPH
NTARIO ry=.

""lI

L--.

II

-
"
-- 51 1111

rJ
;&; ;&;

!ü

In
III

!iI

Iii

.

-

I

It 11 II a

11f'1t

I

. . .

.

-

Design 2539 - For 50 Cows and 6 Box Stalls

Description
This barn is 40 ft. wide by 130 ft. long.
The foundation wall ex tends 18 inches above
the
round and the frame sidewalls are 8 ft. high.
The story is 9 1 2 ft. high. and the ridge of
roof is 20 ft. above the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete construc-
tion, and the entire floor of the barn is of con-
crete construction.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-
frame construction and has a clear span without
posts.
The cost is estimated to be $2750.00.
In this particular stable the ceiling is self-supporting. A loft
over a stable like this is not used for any purpose except as an air

pace. and the air is changed by having a window in each gable.
fhe silos are placed between the stable and storage barn, with
room for a feed carrier to pass through; this carrier track extends
the whole length of the cow stable and runs far enough into the
storage barn to load the litter carrier.
In a modern stable like this. it is possible to work in a great many conveniences that the men will
appreciate when doing the work. Arrangements to save steps and hand labor a good many times a
day \\ill count up during the year.

s

rR
'C: 'W"7'
_

.,

I
=

...

r::-r.::.-r::l 1
I
.::L:::j
9.::J

t'"

f

.......... ..

-..::. -

/J4/1( l3ARN 17JQ.5r) COMS M'O 6 l30X smLLoS

I") QO ( "

_...,

..._ _Øl

__ ___ CD
-"

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 2539 $5. 00

Average Periods of Gestation
the following is an average period based

The period of gestation in animals varies considerably, but
C'n a long series of observations:
Ass. .
Mare
CO\,-
Sheep. .
Goat.

. .12 months
II months
9 mon ths
5 months
5 months

Pig.... ,
Bitch.
Cat... .
Rabbit... . ,
Guinea pig.....

.. .3 1 " months
. .
9 weeks
.8 weeks
. 30 days
. . .65 days

Louden Machinery Company. Mattoon, III.. May 5. 1913.
Gentlemen:
Your stanchion" are the greatest thing to tie COW" with that evU wa" manufactured. The cows can lie down
comfortably when tied with them and "tand more quietly while being milked.
As to "trength. I have tied cows that weighed up to 1500 Ib". that had never been tied. and they certainly gave them
a thorough te"t. Have used them 2 years and have had no expense whatever. Your" very truly,
H. F. Hoferkamp.

Page Thirty-four

1

.
;.I"'I:I.'
=.."'.
"' .
.\UJ.

x"j

.t ..

-
"f ,I'
I t .- ..
, . \
s.. ,
\ ....
-
v,,"
.,/

I "-

_ ..
..........
-I
...

:r.;1 ".-, l; r
,1 D! II iE 16 I E æ I
III I
---
II
'
J ---
---
===..t = llllll, Ilk .
. . . . I 1- .. ---
----..!j I !
- --=01

Design 2561 - For 40 Cows

Too -':'n
'_ n
I : ,
(, I

_..'-
I li :
I - I :' 1
L'h ': '" :

LITT"r.
"(..
L"'..... .....
' , h' f,r ' 'o"v'-: f>;"'
'1
' ; ' I
ÞG (

.L"'"

t'_

D---

;

-

- ;-
-
J---.

--.- -- -- -- .sILO
I I I W 1:10 :1. : ' ..,: : '1. I:IIl i';ULi: ,E.W
-LIT

-k
-- n A
i ë

---'
__ ' .
-[
:.1
ð*J

Description
This barn is 36 ft. wide by 98 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends 18 inches above
the ground. and the frame sidewalls are 16 ft.
high.
The lower story is 9 ft. high. the hay mow is 24
ft. high from floor to hay carrier-track. the ver-
tical sidewalls in the hay mow are 7 ft. high. and
the ridge of roof is 37 ft. above the ground.

_____ "ð-O------
----"

The foundation wall is of concrete construction. and
the entire floor of the lower story is of concrete construction.
Mow capacity. 120 tons loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame construction
and has a clear hay mow without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $2880.00.

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 2561 $5. 00

A good farm deserves good buildings.
Any farm is good that provides a living for the family.
Comfortable buildings help to make a poor farm good and a good farm better.
Even the land that has been ruined and "turned out to the Lord" may be brought back to life by the
aid of live stock; but first you must have buildings and fences to make the live stock comfortable.
Each farm is shy a building or two. and most farms need more fencing. Fences for range. health
and pasture; barns and stables for storage and winter feeding.
Economy in business often means spending money for necessary improvements.
If animals require all their feed to keep them alive and warm. then the grain is being burned for
fuel. while the animals are marking time. Time may not be much of an object to the animal. but it is to
the owner.

J
.,

.1'1\-
\dJ '

A
-1....=.....
.=4....
-
- -

Page Thirty-five

,
'"

,-

. :.J l il )1 iD!,

I;E

o.iw

;.. . ';

- GUELPH,ONTARIO
"

---'-

'.'

:;-

f
,.;I

--

1\

--

--

,
I ÂÂ
liD
JJ ...... r -::.:r::::- - .

-- II 1111

Design 2915-For 40 Cows

Description
This barn is 36 ft. wide by 123 ft. long.
The basement wall extends 10ft. above
the ground, and the frame sidewalls are
14 ft. high.
The lower story is 9 1 2 ft. high. the hay
mow is 28 ft. high from floor to hay carrier-
track. The ridge of roof is 42 ft. above
the ground.
The basement wan is of hollow tile con-
struction, and the entire floor of the lower
story is of concrete construction. Roof is
covered with sheet asbestos roofing.
Mow capacity, 132 tons loose hay.
The barn above the basement is of
plank-frame construction and has a clear
hay mow without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $8000.00.

.
r- -------------

N:-,e . rt:I ?' ......."'V,.I' 4! ð'.co
I t-
JA
; 1
M/
.M
-1 ..
t1?U
I 4. r..
__t_2
_!._s:_

---________
---<1.,1;
D"D"""'__,"
,," 1
,- r
r e ''' A ' \ i

.-{.'1_-1
lf
=..r r

' 1

1..-.;.
t .._
I
. rl'
.
=--- - -- ---t . -

L. - - "'"'---JIll - - - - - - .... - - - - r

I
I

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 2915 $} 0. 00

Sirs:

I bought your feed and Jitter carriers about ten years ago and am usmg them yet without one cent of expense
for repair in any way and it looks to be good for ten years more. The only
hing I am sorry for is that I did not get
a larger machine as we could just as well use it. We carry the manure about nmety feet after crossmg a forty
foot barn. Respectfully.
J. H. White. La Fayette. III.

j
-r

-111:\-
·
r..-

.A.
-.1:.:"I::I111"
.-4
Ílla
- -

Page Thirty-six

L.

-,....

=:

,-.
"...

It

:-
" II
,
1a I --' II
- .
I'
I
- .. 'pI I
-r u r u '
.. !!!!!
-
. II

JL
o.-J -
II I II

II -.-! II -

,

I- -- - 82 C O"-- __

----t.-/"FT
_R_--Aét:l5Y - ----------:. ---=-=-l --- t ---- ---
i 'D , 'ì"'1 , -S'TAILL'''' I I : r ' 1i/ T "I I"'f" I
r (
MAAñ.E..R ------.J .t: I< -1
::;
rEED ALLl:.Y :0
/" 1------------------ - ------------------- --- --
:;- - --
1 : 1 cþ,.t

Lþ I I I 1 ", 1 cþ,"" þ>f.>LjbSj I I I i
8

II I J ..5/&..0
---!.-tT-+
/l--A!._L..r;::y-__ -- ---.---. -1

Design 1653- For 40 Cows
DEscription
This barn is 36 ft. wide by 82 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends J 2 inches above the
ground, and the frame sidewalls are J 6 ft. high.
The lo
er story is 8 1 2 ft. high. the hay mow is
24 ft. high from floor to hay carrier-track. the vertical
sidewalls in the hay mow are 7 ft. high. and the ridge
of roof is 37 ft. above the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete construction,
and the entire floor of the lower story is of concrete
construction.
Mow capacity. J 20 tOns loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame
construction and has a clear hay mow without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $2700.00.

Special attention has been given to the proper distribution of
windows for light, location of doors for convenience and location
of ventilation flues for keeping the barn sweet and sanitary at all
times.
The hay mow has a capacity of about 90 tons and has a hay
chute located at one end so hay can be thrown down into the end
of feeding alley.

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 1653 $5. 00

The Louden Machinery Co.. Guelph. Onto
Dear Sirs: I am well satisfied with the Car and Slings; they are among the greatest labour savers on the farm.
especially this year. when hay and straw are so short. I can put enough feed into the loft in one day now to last me
a month. and no lifting and forking. Wishing your Company a prosperous year. I remain.
Yours truly, Geo. Church. Niverville. Manitoba.

. !':'II=I:":III";;1I("'Ii.I="'II:'

E. PARTM E.NT' .
1 .\W.

Page Thirty-seven

t.

1 II:: -= I"'-""'I! L.....I
t--tE-L_" IE" It:: "

} íoUD!

PANY\
:
....,..

..'

---"

...
II. nl
.. ...
... ...

--- --
.. I I .
"I
.. .n ... UI ...
... I. . .
....-...-> -
-

Design 4002 - For 32 Cows

Description
This barn is 60 ft. in out
ide diameter.
The foundation wall extends 30 inches above
the ground and the frame side
alls are 20 ft. high.
The lo
er story is 8 ft. high, the hay mow is
22 ft. high from floor to carrier track. the vertical
side walls in the hay mow are 13 ft. high and the
top of roof (not including ventilator cupola) is
40 ft. above the ground.
Mow capacity, 95 tons loose hay.
The foundation wall. 100..er floor and silo founda-
tion are of concrete construction, balance of barn
is of plank frame constructicn.
The cost is estimated to be $2.800.00.
Cost does not include silo nor approach and
bridge to hay mow floor.
This barn has the same capacity for live stock.
feed and hay storage as the rectangular barn shov.n
on page 39. The round barn covers a ground area
of 2,827 square feet which is 65) sq. ft. more than
required for the rectangular barn of same capacity.
This round barn also requires more feet of track
for overhead carriers and all equipment costs more
than in rectangular barn because it must be made
to special curves.

----I

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 4002 $ 5. 00

Pa&e Thirty-eight

. +.:'t:loo4:1I111;C"'II..I.,.

(i) :.I:>II::.I"":II..
.
a .

..,
_' I
b
;;
!

\

1ft" "" -
. .- ) tI I . .....

, II ,v
,
.A \
,
.
- I
..-=, D'
IU III I
III
---
I
. "..jl
. . . n I
I I i!! ut
II III
--- I
I I
---
--- -,
- =.r-

--

I
I
I
I Iii
: . I ï B-. I

--
.-
.-

.
L ====

Design 3982-For 32 Cows
Description
This barn is 34 ft. wide by 64 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends 18 inches above the
ground and the frame sidewalls are 20 ft. high.
The lower story is 8
i ft. high. the hay mow is 28
ft. high from floor to hay carrier-track. the vertical
sidewalls in the hay mow are 12 ft. high. and the
ridge of roof is 40 ft. above the ground.
The foundaticn wall is of concrete construction.
and the entire floor of the lower stoiy is of concrete
construction.
Mow capacity. 95 tons loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame
construction and has a clear hay mow without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $2500.00.

1--

- 64
C'

T I t-____ :=__"'{f'.f.FB_
__ - -- -
.... _-
II I I V6J cþ

';;'

I I I I 1" ---
r "A'Y
'-R
Ò rCtfDlf';
55.7V I #'X/JYÇ'
-, ------------------------ {. .

--- ,r-
OO

i ft
q.-
j'
1 I I I l
1 ctJ v

Jd?1 I I I f
0--- ------..;;;; --- r ------....-::'
--. --

This barn has the same capacity for live stock.
feed and hay storage as the round barn shown on
page 38. The rectangular barn covers a ground
area of 2,176 square feet which is 65 I square feet
less than the area required by the round barn of equal
capacity.

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 3982 $5. 00

Dear Sirs:
I have used Louden tools for the past ten years and must say that they are as good as any other or better. Your
barn equipment whIch I got about seven years ago is still in use. Yours truly.
P. J. Banman. Morton, III.

. +':'II:(-t:llIIIõI{"'II..I:'-':'II
@
.I:1IJI='-.:"I=II"
.

.

P ..lge Thirty-nine

. .}Jtou;
;

;

PANI

GUELPH.
NTARIO
r

." ..J
,.,

'I'

'I'

...

. .
J

II

-

\

\

"-.
.... _f
HI

\

...
---

..
:I

_I)

I
III

rll
I
I

'

U A
I
II II

.

-

' -

F

I - r= - 1 -=;- = -- 11&-
I 'il.. m
. IH. ..

t:.............

. I I I I I

s

1.
-!I
I III ..

I

.
i

....I

Design 1619 -For 30 Cows
Description
This barn is 34 ft. wide by 86 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends 18 inches above the
ground. and the frame sidewalls are 18 ft. high.
The lower story is 9 ft. high. the hay mow is 25 ft.
high from floor to hay carrier-track. the vertical
sidewalls in the hay mow are 9 ft. high. and the ridge
of roof is 37 ft. above the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete construction.
and the entire floor of the lower story is of concrete
construction.
Mow capacity. 110 tons loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame
construction. and has a clear hay mow without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $2800.00.
Besides stalls for thirty cows. this barn has three large pens. one
for seven calves. one for bull. and one for cow or young stock.
These pens extend from the center feed alley to the outside walls
which makes them a good size. The hay chute can be enclosed
with door to make it dust proof.

- 8G-o.------t

-
------

1.ï.,..,.
/rÃ2T1!.'5----
-;
;
I I I I I iØl
':1. 1
ITiAl
N:'N
o _______':

l2-_@..!:y______________________ ___
LO

I I II I I ø- I

I.sI T IAI L ld.sl
o..
II "
..3TALL
J --------DT.,?:.T;,--;11.l.L
V---- ---

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 1619 $5. 00

Louden Machinery Company.
Gentlemen:
The Louden goods used by the Iowa State College. consisting of litter carriers. hay tools, stalls and stanchions.
have proven to be very llatisfactory and have proven to be all that you claim for them. We have used more or
leu of your equipment for many years and find that the coet of repairs has been exceedingly low.
Trustmg this may be of interest to you. we are Very truly yours. Department of Agricultural Engineering.
By j. B. DavidllOn. Professor of Agricultural Enllineering.
Iowa State College, Amea. Iowa.

{>.f,e F orty

, -'[...:I..II:;i[....I:''II:.
:.]I'''II:J'...=
..

a .
1 .\UJ. --

.LJ.._.

1--'-

-
.
A ,
- --- -41

I

' I

I

11 ' ' 11;11 1

Design 2419-F or 30 Cows

I
I
,
I
: ,-_____r.

.Q_A'=b_'
L_____________

i hTIcrõl W
.s I T I A I L Il1STTTi
r : ' I
: DRIV.EWAY ___ ____________
--r------ T- ---------------- - ,

[ J:

:
::

L-

1

Description
This barn is 36 ft. wide by 80 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends 36 inches above
the floor, and the frame sidewalls are 6% ft. high.
The story is 9 ft. high, and the ridge of roof is
22 ft. above the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete construction,
and the entire floor of the barn is of concrete con-
struction.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame
construction and has a clear span without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $1950.00.

o
.1
\0
1')
J

,..

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 2419 $5. 00

In this plan the cows are headed out, and there is a driveway
through the center for the manure spreader, so the manure from
the gutters may be loaded and hauled to the field with only one
handling. The bedding is brought in by the wagon load through the
same channel. Even when the storage barn is handy, a wagon is
<>ften used for this purpose. If either of the box cow pens are not In use, the extra bedding is pitched
in there until wanted.
There is an over-head track which runs to the silo to carry silage at feeding time. The same track is
supposed to run to the storage barn for alfalfa or other roughage.

The Louden Machinery Co.. l
Gen tlemen :
The Feed Carrier outfit I purchased from you has given entire satisfaction. I have used it for the past two
winters ancl have never had a break. I can highly recommend it to anyone in need of a feed carrier.
Yours truly. J. W. Sanborn. Spring Grove, III.

1

.
i-
.\UJ.

A
1
.=4"llIIa. .
- -

Page Forty-one

. ' "
4
--f.,
....-. ..-.to

'L'
==
.
J) . I 'J: " ;
'.! :r .. ...
'l GUELPH.ONTARIO ...

J" ,
.:\
, -

.... ;. 0._'

.'
'. .
.I'
, .
" ,"
,.) ;:1;'
.. -
.-

.
, :=::;
== '\
..'
,
IIII

"
\ ..
,
I .."
I
\ J

I '11
i
1
I
-

II I II
-

Design 2140 - For 30 Cows

--
,-- .- 'D' - 't:1' - ..,
---
I CLt:A t 4LL E
I
J I I I 's I C \O
fs
L jL , I I I I /
O
LI::V /' t-
/LO
I
I I
_ _ LLt.."
- .0. --- C. - -

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 2140 $5. 00

Louden Machinery Company's
Is 36 ft. wide by 60 ft. long. The side-
walls are lOft. high and top of roof is 32 ft.
The lower story is 9 ft. high and hay
fork track in the upper story hangs 19 ft.
above the mow floor.
The construction consists of a plank
frame with self-supporting roof. having a
clear hay mow without posts.
Mow capacity, 48 tons loose hay.
The foundation wall is of concrete extend-
ing above the dampness of the ground and
the lower floor is of cement with cement
mangers. gutters. etc.
This barn contains 30 cow stalls facing
a center feed alley running lengthwise of
the building to the silo at one end.
The cost is estimated to be $1700.00.

Gentlemen:
About si" years ago I rebuilt my stable putting in some of )our eqUipment and some of another make. Two
years later I changed It to all Louden equi;>ment an-.l am very wellsatisfl
d. After IIi" years constant use it i
lit ill
IItrong enough to hold our biggellt Hoillteinll. Youu truly,
F. H Case, Guilderland. N. Y.

. t.:<t.(e4:...:i(......
1

:G)i-

Page Forty-t...n

A
.':I.:"I=II.
.....
..
.
- -

, >ç:;

, '... - r.' -
1l
":"'!!.
;..:

..
" ....

..:.

"

......

'\

. .....-

I

!II III It
I - .
IIII 11
I ! . ...... I.. I .111 II . II .
. I.'
"'.... II .

-----'

Design 2929 - ,For 30 Cows and Box Pens

Description
This barn is 36 ft. wide by 100 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends 5 ft. above the
EX
r ,..- - 2---';-i="

--

-
"=-Y- m - ""\ ground. and the fr
me side,walls are 20 ft. hi
h.
"".0

I ji;I f H:"
f-;-+.0ïIl

'- JI . The lower story IS 8 ft. hIgh.
he hay mow IS 31. ft.
II _ I ' ..

. .. /"" hIgh from the floor to hay carner-track. the vertIcal
r::-;;_../ --'=.'
..;.
<.;.
:

:;..;:-, _::", -,- -=-,-,- - sidewalls in the hay mow are 16 ft. high. and the
eD ,
. ' . - I II . , i I I ,
i f}
Lf $ T t---1 . -i I ' I I
::::J:;-' ridge of roof is 43 ft. above the ground.
, .
-
-- .
:::'. Mow capacity. 124 tons loose hay.
..... ....r- The foundation wall is of concrete construction,

E:::I

-

":':;;-:':-

- 'and the entire A
, of the l
" ,to",;' of mncrete
CE..^
construction.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame
construction and has a clear hay mow without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $5000.00.

About twelve years ago I put a Louden hay carrier and track in
my barn. and six years later a Louden litter carrier ancl track in base-
ment of barn. They have both given the best _of satisfaction, It is the
only satisfactory way for getting the manure from a basement barn.
Four years ago I built a silo ancl installed a feed carrier on the track in
basement. It is convenient and a labor saver, as I feed ensilage both inside
It beats carrying ensilage in a basket or cleaning stables on a wheelbarrow.
Yours respectfully.

Price of Complete working
plans and specifications
for Design 2929 $5. 00

Louden Machinery Co..
Sirs:

the barn and in the bunks outside of it.

W. F. Desemberg, Norwalk. Iowa.

.,

.
:.I""='-':'::III1
.
"' .
.
.

Page Forty-three

.. ... r___

t---i' I
C"

I
t!..--.

'.

,.:\ . ...
...1

I

. '"It I III

,
I I

II'! II
In
III
d I I I ../
.
I
I
iI. P. II .
--
-- -
--
I

r--- 64:'0. --
-r )

; L/
R-
Æ-b lf-
-
, II '4i C
o CAL'" I ,
., P'=N

I
, I
éh J l 14 C !5 !ZIL!L
1 1 I '----i::FFFER-AL
ÉY.---
'"""- i t;;l"""'t
-- --

I"
I

Design 3133-F or 28 Cows
-I

Description
This barn is 36 ft. wide by 64 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends 4 ft.
above the ground and the frame side-
walls are 14 ft. high.
The lower story is 8 ft. high. the
hay mow is 25 ft. high. from floor to
hay carrier track. the vertical side-
walls in the hay mow are 9 ft. high
and the ridge of roof is 37 ft. above
the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete
construction and the entire floor of
the lower story is of concrete con-
struction.
Mow capacity. 84 tons loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of
plank-frame construction and has a
clear hay mow without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $2100.00.

The barn has a center driveway running the full length of
it with a door at both ends wide enough to admit a manure
spreader. There is a hay chute over each feed alley and a feed
carrier track running to the silo.

Dear Sirs:
I have used your litter carrier now about five years and it i" sa good
a" ever. I simply could not get along without it at any price.
I Thos. Amos.
_ _ Henderson. Mich.

Price for Complete work-
ing plans and specifi-
cations of Design $ 5 00
3133 . .

.
.
,r

Page Forty-rour

.'0 '

7
1Jí:O;;;E

;;; m
>::

II

GUELPH. ONTARIO '--] 'r
---

...

:1

I
,,.. -- i1
II: I
-- !

-- I'
I
J ,

i

I
11111' ,
I

A
1'--1. -J
I r,li

;

'
,r-

Design 1671-For 24 Cows

Description

This barn is 36 ft. wide by 90 ft. long.
The foundation wall extends 18 inches above
.. the ground. and the frame sidewalls are 14 ft. high.

The lower story is 8 ft. high. the hay mow is
24 ft. high from floor to hay canier-track. the ver-
tical sidewalls in the hay mow are 6 ft. high. and
the ridge of roof is 36 ft. above the ground.
The foundation wall is of concrete construction.
and the entire floor of the lower story is of concrete
construction.
Mow capacity. II S tons loose hay.
The barn above the foundation is of plank-frame
construction and has a clear hay mow without posts.
The cost is estimated to be $288000.

90-0 --
0 .

:-- (
!:
:"f::;
u: 12-
"L _ ---1 L--

_ :

-3'LO ] ___ ____!':r,:: Ç Q_
g .l';.
- =.=_____n__[' :Q:

""'A^,C
R ==:J It:
I . CALF I , 1.2 I d olwl ksl T h. .L J.d I I! , : , '

,.
C.D P
N c:=-==: __ _ -----.J VJ
__,..___ ____'='-!.!.J;R_
.f..h
.Y_______. ../:

......

The shelter shed makes a good place to' load manure into spreader