DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

OTTAWA

HEALTH OF ANIMALS

MANGE

IN

HORSES AND CATTLE

BULLETIN No. 13

A.TIG17KT, 1911

Published by authority of the Minister op Agriculture
8449—1

Cp^A

MANGE IN HOUSES AND CATTLE.

The disease known as Mange, or Scabies, is of considerable interest to farmers
and stockmen, especially those located in or near the ranching districts of Western
Canada Animals worried by the constant irritation of the mange parasite not only
fail to fatten, but may fall into such a low condition that in severe winters large losses
are not infrequent, the vitality of those affected having become so reduced as to render
them incapable of Withstanding successfully the double ordeal of short-commons and
extremo cold.

Another important point to be considered by ranchers and stockmen is that our
live stock trade foreign and domestic, cannot flourish save on a basis of freedom
irom disease, and that confidence in this regard is more easily destroyed than created.
It is therefore, imperative, that Canadian stock, when offered or intended for sale,
shall be absolutely healthy. These conditions being understood and accepted, it goes
without saying that it is clearly to the interest of stock owners to co-operate with the
oi this Branch in their efforts to stump out Mange wherever found.

MANGE IXKECTS.

The term Scabies, or Mange, is applied to a class of skin diseases produced by
parasites of minute size belonging to the natural family Sarcoplidw, which com-
prises three genera, the Sarcoptes, the Psoropte.i and th» Symli,

Of the genus Sarcoptes there are several species, two only of which, however,
a ' T " na «. «*■> *e Sarooptes of scabies and the dwarf Sarcoptes. The latter

are found on the heads of some small animals, such as the cat, rabbit, &c, and are
not ol great importance to stock-owners.

The Sarcoptes of Scabies, on the other hand, comprise a large number of varie-
ties, which live on man and many animals. This specie,, which is responsible for the
most serious forms of parasitic skin diseases, is distinguished from other mange
acan by the peculiar manner in which the female deposits her eggs, namely in a
burrow or gallery excavated for the purpose beneath the epidermis.

Of the genus Psoroptes there is but one species, although there are several varie-
ties affecting different animals. It is this specis of acarus which is responsible for
the mange usually affecting both the cattle ami horses of the western ranges. It must
however, be distinctly understood that a different variety infests each of the two
■les of animals mentioned, and that the malady is not transmissible from the horse
to the ox or vice verm, although a slight temporary irritation of the skin may occa-

lUy result from the transfer of the ace

All the mange in very minute, varying in length from '■■"> to Moo f a n

mch. the Psoroplc* being slightly larger than the Sarcoptes, and consequently more
eas ? lon - The mos t certain mode of distinguishing true mange from other

irritations of the skm. many ,,f which closclv re emble it in general characteristics
is, of course, the isolation of the acarus.

_ In the Sarcoptic form this is often difficult, as the parasites are usually deeply
imbedded in the skm. The Psoropte,*. however, car. generally be detected ing

to the suns rays, preferably inside of a window, a quantity of the ,„i ot her

debrl ' fmni the skin. of the patient. After an hour or so of this exposure the

ements oi the acan, if present, can be detected with the aid of a good magnifying
ii a low power microscope maybe required to determine the exact variety
to which they belong. It is needless to say that true mange is produce,! only by acari,
and that it is impossible for the to originate in any wav other than' from con-

8449 — li

tagion direct or indirect, although dirt, poverty and neglect undoubtedly favour its

^TheTritation of the skin is due. not to the bite nor to the movements of the
parasite, but to a poisonous secretion or saliva which it introduces into the tissues,
the most virulent being that peculiar to the Psoroptes.

SYMPTOMS.

The acarus once established on the skin of a congenial host, the symptoms of
mange are not as a rule, long in becoming apparent although for reasons not yet fully
understood, the disease is usually much move active in the winter than during the
summer season. This peculiarity has long been noted, and in Europe has been attri-
buted to the warmth of winter stabling, but as the same condition is observable in
animals constantly exposed to the weather, some other explanation is evidently re-

QUlr Mange, whether duo to Sarcoptes or Psoroptes, gives rise to intense itching,
accompanied by loss of hair, and later by effusion, thickening of the skin and the
formation of scabs or crusts. Kedness is also always present, a though this cannot
■be detected except in white or light coloured animals. As the disease advances the
thickened skin, especially where loosely attached to the tissues, becomes corrugated
in deep folds or ridges, this condition being very characteristic in chronic cases, lne
progress of the disease, at first slow, soon becomes rapid, owing to the tremendous
rate at which the parasites multiply. According to Gerlach, one pair of «c«n are
capable of producing, through successive generations, within three months, no less
than 1,500,000 descendants. The period required for the eggs to hatch is short .vary-
ing from three to ten days, according to the favourable or unfavourable nature of
the circumstances.

MANGE OF HORSES.

Sarcoptic scabies affects the larger animals, the horse, ass and mule only, the ox
being so far as known, free from the attacks of this genus, except when transmitted
from the horse as indicated below. The disease at first develops slowly its specific
lesbns being seldom noticeable before the expiry of at least three weeks from the
date of infection. It is generally fast noticed in the region of the withers whence
U extends Tn an irregular manner over the surface of the body proper the extremities
usually being left untouched. If neglected it soon produces constitutional disturb-
ance wheh, with the loss of re d due to the continual irritation not unfre-
ouently lead to a fatal termination. Cases of old standing are difficult to treat
^ccessfullv, the disease frequently reappearing in animals apparently cured.

Except in the very early stages it is contagious in the extreme. Gerlach states
that he has eon healthy horses become affected in fifteen minutes when placed along-
side of mangv horses on which the ad reached the scabby stage, 1 ho trans-
mission is affected not through the the mature egg-laying female which a e
mission is through the rapid movements of the younger individuals in

■ j .,il „f rfS™ bunift. mbbe<i •"' broken .pre™™ of the Ions lain of
«t ,"l.,l If tlS",':^^-. g. on„„ .ill ro„al ft. ,

5

of small pimples containing fluid, which, on breaking, .form a crust. This crust, as
the exudation continues, becomes thicker but remains moist, thus differing from that
of Sarcoplic mange, which is dry and scaly. As the acurl multiply the disease gradu-
ally spreads from each centre of infection, and the irritation being greatly increased
by constant rubbing, the skin eventually becomes thickened, inflamed and wrinkled,
while the hair in many cases either falls out or is rubbed off.

Between the wrinkles is to be found a moist, filthy accumulation of broken scab,
which, especially in warm weather, is offensive in smell, and contributes largely to
the general skin irritation.

Psoroplic mange does not spread over the surface of the body as rapidly nor to as
great an extent as the Barcoptic form. Gerlach states, however, that the vitality of
the Psoroptes when removed from, the host, as for instance on blankets, brushes or
harness, is greater than that of the Sarcoptes. When favoured by moisture at a
temperature approaching that of the animals's skin they may possibly live for two
months, but if kept dry they are likely to die within a week. On the body of the host,
or under like conditions,- the eggs of the Sarcoplcs usually hatch in from 4 to 8 days
and are sufficiently mature to commence reproduction when about a fortnight old.
Uhhatched eggs on damp ground or manure may retain vitality for a month, while
in dry surroundings they die in less than a week. Bright sunlight is rapidly fatal to
both insects and eggs.

abiotic mauge is, in horses, generally confined to the legs, where it causes
great irritation, and eventually loss of hair, thickening and inflammatory exudations.
It is most frequently seen in heavy horses with hairy legs. It spreads very slowly
and yields readily to treatment.

Psoroptic mange of cattle presents few points of difference from that of the horse
as described above, and, as already stated, is due to a very similar variety of the
same species of acarus.

It is frequently first noticed in the region surrounding the root of the tail,
although it may also commence operations at the withers or on the neck. Its mani-
festations greatly resemble those observed in Psoroptic mange of horses, and it has
the same tendency to apparently recover in summer only to reappear with the return
of the cold weather. It yields rapidly to treatment, and only becomes serious when
neglected.

Symbiotic mange in cattle is even less serious than in horses. It is seldom seen
except at the root of the tail, and only extends to other regions when long neglected.
It is very slightly contagious, and is amenable to simple treatment.

TREATMENT OF MANGE.

In animals properly domesticated the treatment of mange is comparatively
simple.

Affected animals should be clipped, the place where the clipping is performed
thoroughly disinfected, and the hair burned. The animal should then be well rubbed
all over with soft soap, to which a small quantity of creolin or some siinilar agent
may. with advantage, be added. This should be followed, after a lapse of several
hours, by a thorough dressing with the following preparation: —

Sulphur 2 pounds.

Oil of tar 8 ounces.

Raw linseed oil 1 gallon.

These ingredients are to be heated gradually together, but must not be allowed
to boil.

This mixture should be well rubbed into the skin, at a temperature as high
as can comfortably be borne, and allowed to remain on for ten days, when it may be
washed off and the application repeated. Where large numbers, especially of range

6

animals, have to be dealt with, the most economical and effective method of treat-
ment is by dipping in a specially constructed vat with the following mixture, winch
should be constantly maintained at a temperature of not less than 105° nor more
than 110° Fahrenheit:

Flowers of sulphur ■• 24 pounds.

Unslaked lime 10

Water 10 ° ^ allons -

The lime should be slaked so as to form a rather thick lime paste. The flowers of
sulphur should .hen be added to this paste, and the whole well stirred. J he mixture
is then to be placed in a kettle with twenty-five or thirty gallons of boding water,
and boiled for two hours or more, during which time it should be stirred at intervals.
After the sulphur disappears from the surface the mixture, including the sediment,
may be poured into a barrel provided with a spigot a few inches from the bottom
After being allowed to settle, the liquid is to be drained off through the spigot, and
enoueh warm water added to make 100 gallons. The sediment remaining in the
barrel must not be used for dipping purposes, but can be utilized to advantage in the
disinfection of fences, yards and buildings.

In making larger quantities the same proportions should of course be used.

TESTING THE DIP.

The specific gravity of the official lime and sulphur dip authorized for use by the
Department of Agriculture of the Dominion of Canada is 1023-0.

By using an ordinary urinometer, an instrument commonly used by physicians
for determining the density of urine the reading should be 23.0.

These r are obtained with the dip at a temperature of from 105 to lit)

Fahrenheit. , ,. . , ., . .

Should the urinometer sink below the mark at 23-0, the dip is too weak, that is,
there is an insufficient amount of the chemical products obtained by the fusing of
the lime and sulphur by boiling and more of the stock solution should be added that
the correct reading may be obtained.

It may be stated by individuals preparing dip that the official formula will not
produce the result indicated, but in dip so prepared a careful examination will reveal
chat there is still free sulphur in suspension. A continued boiling of the stock solu-
tion will give a product which on proper dilution will give a correct reading on the
instrument. In fact the Canadian official formula will, if the ingredients are hotted
for three or four hours, give a dip much stronger than is obtained by the two hours

boiling. ... , i t - .i

When the dip is too strong the urinometer will not sink in the solution to tne

desired mark (23-0), and the dip will then require dilution with water.

The simplest method of testing the dip at the dipping vat is as follows:—

A bucket, to the bail of which a small rope is attached, is lowered into the vat

and filled with the dip and the urinometer floated in this. The temperature can also

be taken at the same time.

TEMPKPATURE.

The question of temperature is a most important one and n *ent

methods of maintaining heat have been reeommeded. Experience has shown how-
ever, that, in heating vats of any si/.e, a steam boiler is the cheapest and most satis-

aCt «vVhenever the dipping fluid becomes foul it must be changed and even where
but few animals have passed through the vat, it should never he used when more than

a week old. It is false economy to use dip of the strength or cleanliness of which
any doubt can be entertained. When dip becomes foul or is loaded with sediment it
is very likely to cause trouble with the heating apparatus, except when live steam is
used for this purpose.

To prevent the oxidization of the dip, where is is necessary to allow it to
stand for a few clays in the vat, the best means is a coating of oil. Any heavy oil is
suitable for this purpose, the heavy black or residual oil from refineries is probably
the cheapest. One gallon will cover a vat holding four thousand gallons. It is
scarcely necessary to say that this oil should, as far as possible, be removed before
resuming dipping operations.

OFFICIAL TREATMENT.

_ It should be noted that in the official treatment of affected animals or of those
which, from having been in contact, direct or indirect, with the infection of mange,
or for other reasons, are suspected of being affected, the use only of the two formuta
mentioned in this bulletin will be permitted. These preparations, when properly
compounded and used, are the most reliable known to the Department, and, if
applied at the temperature indicated above, will be found effective, not only for
mange, but for other parasitic infestations.

PRIVATE TREATMENT.

The above limitation does not apply to private Operations by owners, who are at
liberty to use any other preparation they may prefer, for preventive purposes or in
the treatment of animals for lice or for skin affections, other than mange.

It should not be forgotten, however, that, in order to avoid prosecution, all cases
of mange actual or suspected, must be promptly reported, as required by law, in order
that they may be officially dealt with.

DIPPING VATS.

The first issue of this bulletin, published in 1904, contained plans and specifica-
tions for the construction of dipping vats and heating apparatus. This was deemed
advisable, as there were then, in the whole infected area, only two somewhat primi-
tive vats, both badly out of repair. There are now, in the same area, over two
hundred dipping plants, many of them being of excellent design and well con-
structed. It is, therefore, scarcely necessary to deal with this phase of the subject
in the present issue. For .similar reasons no instructions are given as to the actual
working of the plants, the experience gained by stock-owners during the enforce-
ment of the various compulsory orders of recent years being more valuable from a
practical point of view than volumes of printed directions.

DISINFECTION

In addition to treating affected animals, it is of course necessary to thoroughly
cleanse and disinfect stables, yards and corrals in which they have been kept, ears in
which they have been carried, and scales in which they have been weighed, as also all
articles with which they have, in any way. In en brought in contact.

Thorough disinfection can doubtless be attained by the use of various agents, of
which live steam, when applied under careful supervision, is perhaps as effective as
any. As, however, it is frequently impossible for inspectors to actually oversee and
direct disinfecting operations, it is in all such cases necessary to furnish proof that

the work has been thoroughly done by employing a mixture of lime-wash and carbolic
acid m the proportion of one pound commercial carbolic acid to five gallons of lime
wash. The soil of yards and corrals, in which diseased cattle have been kept, should
either be ploughed and thoroughly saturated with a solution of some reliable disin-
fectant, or well sprinkled with fresh lime.

Too much care cannot be exercised in dealing with any of the forms of disease
produced by mange acari as they are insidious to a degree, and frequently reappear
alter all danger is thought to be passed.
Ottawa, August, 1911.

J. G. RUTHERFORD,
Veterinary Director General and Live Stock Commissioner.

SPECIAL MANGE ORDER FOR ALBERTA AND SASKATCHEWAN.

Authorized by Order in Council, June 8, 1911.

Whereas, the disease of mange exists among cattle throughout those portions
of the Provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta which may be described as bounded
by the International Boundary, the Rocky Mountains and a line drawn as follows :-

t a A ^r fr ° m th f *J° cky Mountams al ° n S the northern boundary of the Stoney
Indian Reserve to the line between ranges 5 and 6 west of the 5th meridian, thence
north along that hue to the line between townships 40 and 41, thence east along that
me to the 4th principal meridian, thence south along the 4th principal meridian to
tne Red Deer River, thence along the Red Deer and Saskatchewan rivers to the line
between ranges i and 8 west of the 3rd meridian, thence south along that line to the
International boundary.

Therefore, His Excellency in Council is pleased, in virtue of the provisions of
Chapter ,., of the Revised Statutes of Canada, 1906, to Order that the annexed
regulations relating to mange in cattle in certain portions of the Provinces of
Saskatchewan and Alberta, shall be, and the same are hereby established.

REGULATIONS.

CATTLE FOR SHIPMENT OUTSIDE THE AREA FOR PURPOSES OTHER
THAN IMMEDIATE SLAUGHTER.

1. Cattle intended for grazing, feeding, breeding purposes or milk production,
or any purpose other than immediate daughter shall not be removed or be allowed
to move out of the above described tract, nor shall any railway company accept or
load any such cattle for shipment, unless they are accompanied by the certificate
of a regular salaried Veterinary Inspector of the Department of Agriculture stating
that they are free from disease and that they have been, within a period - r thirty days
immediately preceding the date of shipment, treated under the supervision of a
regular salaried Veterinary Inspector and in a manner satisfactory to him and that
they have not, since being so treated, been exposed either directly or indirectly to
the contagion of mange.

CATTLE FOR IMMEDIATE SLAUGHTER OUTSIDE THE AREA OR FOR

EXPORT TO EUROPE.

2. Cattle intended for immediate slaughter or for export to Europe shall not be
removed or allowed to move out of the above described tract nor shall any railway
company accept or load any of such cattle for shipment, except under the following-
conditions : — . 6

(a) Cattle, other than those consigned to Winnipeg or to points in Canada
east of Winnipeg, shall be removed or allowed to move out of the above described
tract, either by rail or otherwise, only when accompanied by the certificate of a
Veterinary Inspector of the Department of Agriculture stating that they have been
examined by him and have been found free from infection of mange and other
contagious disease.

10

(h) Cattle, consigned to Winnipeg or to points in Canada oast of Winnipeg,
whether originating within the above described tract or not, shall be inspected at
Winnipeg, and no railway company shall release such cattle at Winnipeg, or load
such cattle for re-shipment therefrom, until they have been submitted by daylight
to a Veterinary Inspector of the Department of Agriculture and certified by him to
he fvee from mange and other contagious disease.

(c) Cattle found on inspection to be affected with mange or other contagious or
infectious disease shall, except as hereinafter provided, be dealt with as may be
ordered by the Veterinary Inspector.

INFECTED CATTLE FOP. IM M EDIATE SLAUGHTER WITHIN THE AREA.

3. Cattle showing evidence of mange, originating in a place which has been
declared to be an infected place, may lie removed therefrom for shipment by rail for
slaughter at a given destination within the quarantined are.a. only in the judgment
of a regular salaried Veterinary Inspector, who, if he sees fit, may issue a license
for such removal, as provided in Section 23 of the Animal Contagious Diseases Act.

4. In the event of any cattle affected with mange but which have not originated
in a place declared to be an infected place, being presented for shipment by rail, such
cattle, together with any others with which they have been in contact, shall be
immediately detained and isolated, or may, if the Veterinary Inspector sees fit, be
shipped, under the conditions hereinafter set forth, to a slaughter house within the
area, properly equipped as hereinafter provided, for immediate slaughter only.
The Veterinary Inspector shall immediately report the matter to the nearest regular
salaried Veterinary Inspector of the Department, who shall thereupon take such
further action as may appear to him to be necessary.

5. The loading of the above classes of cattle must he personally supervised by
an Inspector, who must see that the ears conveying them are duly billed to a
slaughter house as above provided and that the said cars bear the placard required
by Section 7 of this Order.

(a) The Inspector at the point of shipment shall also notify by telegraph the
Inspector at the point of destination of the fact that the cattle are being forwarded.

(6) Unless loaded through special yards and chute- reserved exclusively for
h shipments, all yards and chutes, weigh scales or other appliancas with which
they have been in contact shall be declared infected places and shall not again be
used until cleansed and disinfected to the satisfaction of an inspector; such cattle
shall not be allowed to come in contact with other animals; shall be consigned direct
only to such slaughter houses within the hereinbefore described tract as are pro-
vided with private yards and chutes; shall not be unloaded at any point en route,
and shall under no pretext whatever be removed alive from the slaughter house or
the yards and premises immediately connected therewith.

GENERAL PROVISIONS REGARDING SHIPMENT,

0. All waybills and bills of lading accompanying shipments of cattle originating
within the said tract, other than those shipped under the provisions of Section 1 of
this order, shall have plainly written or stamped across the face thereof a notifica-
tion that the cars conveying such shipments are to be cleansed and disinfected after
being unloaded and before being again used.

7. Alt cars conveying such cattle must bear a placard having clearly printed
thereon, in letters not less than six inches long, the words 'Cattle for immediate

11

slaughter only.' Such card- shall in no case be removed unless and until the cars
have been cleansed and disinfected after being unloaded at final destination.

(a) When cattle shipped to United States points are transferred to United
States cars, such cars shall also bear a similar placard, but the placards shall no1
removed from the Canadian cars unless and until the cars have been cleansed and

disinfected under official supervision.

8. At points where cattle originating in the said tract, other than those provided
for in Section 1 of this order, are unloaded, they shall be placed in special yards, and
such yards shall be used for no other purpose and shall be cleansed and disinfected
when so ordered by an inspector.

9. Cars conveying such cattle shall be cleansed and disinfected to the satisfac-
tion of an inspector after being unloaded and before being again used.

10. Cattle shipped for immediate slaughter or for export shall not be sold or
otherwise disposed of for any other purpose.

THE TRANSIT OF CATTLE THROUGH THE AREA

11. The transit of cattle through the said tract is permitted, subject to the
following regulations: —

(a) Cattle passing by rail through the said tract from one part of Canada to
another shall, at points where unloading is necessary, be placed in yards specially
reserved for this purpose, and shall not be permitted to come either directly > t
indirectly in contact with cattle which have originated within the said tract, other
than these provided for in Section 1 of this order.

(b) Cattle imported from the United States into the said tract destined for
points in Canada outside thereof may. under compliance with the quarantine regu-
lations, and with the provisions of the next preceding paragraph hereof, be per-
mitted to pass without unnecessary delay through the said tract direct to their
destination without further restrictions.

12. Any infraction of these provisions shall be deemed an infraction of the
Animal Contagious Diseases Act and dealt with accordingly.

13. The Minister is hereby empowered to make such alterations in the bound-
aries of the quarantined i rea defined by this Order as may from time to time seem
to him necessary or advisable.

12

SPECIAL MANGE ORDER FOR BRITISH COLUMBIA.

Authorized hy Order in Council, June 8, 1911, as amended by Ministerial Order,.

July 5, 1911.

Whereas the disease of mange exists among: cattle throughout that portion of
[the Province of British Columbia which may he described as bounded by a line
drawn as follows: —

Beginning at the mouth of the North Thompson River, thence north along the
'said river to the line between townships 22 and 23, thence easterly along the line
between townships 22 and 23 to the north-west corner of township 22, range 11,
thence south along the line between ranges 11 and 12 to the southern boundary of
the railway belt, thence westerly along the southern boundary of the railway belt
to the line between ranges 17 and 18, thence northerly along the line between
ranges 17 and 18 to the South Thompson River, thence east along the South
Thompson River to the place of beginning.

^ Therefore His Excellency in Council, in virtue of the provisions of Chap. 75,
.R.S.C., 190G, is pleased to make and establish the following regulations relating
'to mange in cattle in certain portions of the Province of British Columbia, and
,the same are hereby made and established accordingly.

REGULATIONS.

1. Cattle intended for grazing, feeding, breeding purposes or milk production,
or any purpose other than immediate slaughter shall not be removed or be allowed to
(move out of the above described tract, nor shall any railway company accept or load
lany such cat'tle for shipment, unless they are accompanied by the certificate of a
regular salaried Veterinary Inspector of the Department of Agriculture stating that
they are free from disease and that they have been, within a period of 'thirty days
immediately preceding the date of shipment, treated under the supervision of a
regular salaried Veterinary Inspector and in a manner satisfactory to him, and that
they have not, since being so treated, been exposed either directly or indirectly to the
contagion of mange.

2. Cattle intended for immediate slaughter shall not be removed or be allowed to
move out of the above described tract, nor shall any railway company accept or load
any such cattle for shipment, unless they are accompanied by the certificate of a
Veterinary Inspector of the Department of Agriculture stating that they have been
examined by him and found free from mange or other contagious disease.

3. The Inspector at the point of shipment shall notify by telegraph the Inspector
at the point of destination of the fact that the cattle are being forwarded.

4. Cattle found on inspection to be affected with mange shall not be removed or
permitted to move out of the above described tract under any pretext whatever,
except that by the authority and under the supervision of a Veterinary Inspector
of the Department of Agriculture such cattle may be moved to points within the
area for immediate slaughter.

5. Such cattle shall not be allowed to come in contact with other animals;
(Shall be consigned direct only to such slaughter houses within the hereinbefore
described tract as are provided with private yards and chutes; shall not he un-
loaded at*any point en route, and shall under no pretext whatever be removed alive
from the slaughter house or the yards and premises immediately connected therewith.

13

6. When cattle are shipped for immediate slaughter they shall not be sold or
otherwise disposed of for any other purpose.

7. All way bills and bills of lading accompanying shipments of cattle originat-
ing within the said tract, other than those shipped under the provisions of section
1 of this order, shall have plainly written or stamped across the face thereof a
notification that the cars conveying such shipments are to be cleansed and disin-
fected after being unloaded and before being again used.

8. All cars conveying such cattle must bear a placard having clearly printed
thereon, in letters not less than six inches long, the words 'cattle for immediate
slaughter only.' Such cards shall in mo case be removed unless and until the cars
have been cleansed and disinfected after being unloaded at final destination.

9. Unless loaded ll.ru ial yards and chutes, reserved exclusively for such
Shipments, all yards and chutes, weigh scale- and other appliances with which they
have been in contact shall be declared to be infected places and shall not again be
used until cleansed and disinfected to the satisfaction of an Inspector of the Depart-
ment of Agriculture.

10. Cars conveying such cattle shall he cleansed and disinfected to the satis-
faction of an Inspector ,after being unloaded and before being again used.

11. Cattle for transit by rail through the said tract from one part of Canada
to another, shall, at points where unloading is necessary, be placed in yards specially
reserved for this purpose and shall not be permitted to come in contact with cattle
which have originated within the said tract, other than those provided for in sec-
tion 1 of this order.

12. Any infraction of these provisions shall be deemed an infraction of the
Animal Contagious Diseases Act and dealt with accordingly.

13. The Minister is hereby empowered to make such alterations in the boun-
daries of the quarantined area defined by this Order as may from time to time seem
to him necessary or advisable.

14

SPECIAL ORDER GOVERNING THE MOVEMENT OF HORSES IN ALBERTA

AND SASKATCHEWAN.

Authorized by Order in Council, August 19, 1911.

Whereas, certain contagious diseases exist among horses in those portions of the
provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta which may be described as hounded by the
International Boundary, the Rocky mountains and a line drawn as follows: —

A line from the Rocky Mountains along the northern boundary of the Stoney
jlndian Reserve to the line between ranges 5 and C west of the 5th meridian, thence
north along that line to the line between townships 40 and 41, thence east along that
line to the 4th principal meridian, thence south along the 4th principal meridian
to the Red Deer Kirov, thence along the Red Deer and Saskatchewan Rivers to the
line between ranges 7 and S west of the 3rd meridian, thence south along that line
to the International boundary.

And whereas it is advisable and in the public interest, with a view to eradicat-
ing the disease, that regulations be established for this purpose.

Therefore His Excellency in Council is pleased to make and establish the fol-
lowing regulations and the same are hereby made and established ^accordingly.

REGULATIONS.

1. No horse, except as hereinafter provided, shall be removed or allowed to
move out of the said tract unless and until it has been examined by a Veterinary
Inspector of the Department of Agriculture and certified to be free from contagious
disease.

2. All horses which are intended to be removed or to be allowed to move out of
the hereinbefore described tract, except as hereinafter provided, shall be inspected,
and if found diseased or to have been in contact with diseased horses shall be dealt
with in accordance with the provisions of the Animal Contagious Diseases Act and
of the regulations made thereunder.

:'». Xn railway company shall accept or load for shipment from or to any point
either within or without the said tract any horses which have originated therein
unless such horses are accompanied by the certificate of an Inspector of the Depart-
ment of Agriculture, as above provided.

4. All cars and other vehicles used for the carriage of horses originating within
the said tract shall be cleansed and disinfected to the satisfaction of an Inspector
as soon as possible after being unloaded and before being used for any other ship-
ment.

5. All way bills and bills of lading mying shipments of hoi nutt-
ing within the said tract shall have plainly written or stamped across the face
thereof a notification that the said car-; an- to be cleansed and disinfected immedi-
ately after being unloaded.

6. The transit of horses through the said tract is hereby permitted subject to
the following regulations: —

Horse^for transit, by rail through the said tract from one part of Canada to
another shall at points where unloading ary be placed in yards reserved for

their exclusive use, and shall not be permitted to cine in contact with horses which
have originated within the said tract.

15

Horses imported from the United States into the said tract destined for points
in Canada outside thereof may, upon compliance with the quarantine regulations
and with the provisions of the next preceding, section hereof, be permitted to pass,
without unnecessary delay, through the said tract direct to their destination' without
further restrictions.

7. Any infraction of these provisions shall be deemed an infraction of the
Animal Contagious Diseases Act and dealt with accordingly.

8. The Minister is hereby empowered to make such alterations in the bound-
aries of the quarantined area defined by this Order as may from time to time seem
to him necessary or advisable.

16

REGULATIONS RELATING TO MANGE.

By Order in Council dated 22nd July, 1911, in Virtue of The Animal Contagious

Diseases Act, li.S.C, 1906.

1. No animal which is affected with or has been exposed to the infection of
mange shall be permitted to run at large or to come in contact with any animal
not so affected or exposed.

2. Any Inspector may declare to be an infected place within the meaning of
the ' Animal Contagious Diseases Act,' any place or premises where the infection of
mange is known or suspected to exist.

3. No animal nor any portion or product thereof shall be removed out of any
place so declared to be an infected place without a license signed by an Inspector.

4. Inspectors are hereby authorized to inspect any animals affected with mange,
or suspected of being so affected, or which have been in contact with animals bo
affected or suspected of being so affected, or which have been in any way whatever
exposed to the infection of mange, and may order any such animals to be collected,
detained, isolated, dipped, or otherwise dealt with as may to them appear advisable.

,". The expenses of and incidental to the collection, isolation, seizure, or other-
wise dealing with animals for the purposes of these regulations shall be borne by the
owners of the animals and no indemnity shall be allowed to the owner in case of
damage arising out of or resulting from such actions except as hereinafter pro-
vided.

6. Where a Veterinary Inspector so orders, no animal or animals shall be
allowed access to any field, common, yard, stable or other place or premises where
mange exists or has existed.

7. Premises on which animals affected with mange have been kept are to be
dealt with at the expense of the owner, in a manner satisfactory to the Veterinary
Inspector.

8. Animals affected with mange or which have been in contact with or in close
proximity to animals affected with mange, may. on an order signed by a Veterinary
Inspector, duly appointed under the ' Animal Contagious Diseases Act' be forthwith
slaughtered and the carcasses disposed of as in such order prescribed, compensa-
tion to be paid to the owners of such animals if and when the Act so provides, but
no Inspector shall order the slaughter of such animals without having first received,
from the Minister, special authority to do so.

9. Before an order is made for the payment of compensation in any of the
cases aforesaid there must be produced to the Minister of Agriculture a satisfactory
report, order for slaughter, certificate of valuation and slaughter and certificate of
■cleansing and disinfection, all signed by an Inspector.

10. Any Inspector may declare any steamship, steam or other vessel, railway
car or other vehicle on or in which animals affected with or suspected of being
affected with mange are or have been placed for the purpose of transit, to be infected,
and may also declare such vessel, car or other vehicle to bo no longer infected after
it has been thoroughly cleansed and disinfected in accordance with his instructions.

11. Every y,ard, stable, cow shed, outhouse or other place or premises, and
every wagon, cart, carriage, car, or other vehicle, and every utensil or other thing
infected or suspected of being infected with mange shall be thoroughly cleansed .and
disinfected by, and at the expense of the owner or occupier in a manner satisfactory
to an Inspector.