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Korea in the Modern Era

198

unusual event became the energy for the evangelization of the nation by the Koreans themselves. By 1910, 1 per cent of the population was Protestant. The Japanese Protestant Church, with a longer history, has yet to achieve this figure. There were mis- sion stations in every corner of Korea, and everywhere schools were created and medical work carried on along with pure evangelism. One important result of the missionaries’ social out- reach was that the Korean Christians came to see that they too should found Christian schools for their people. Many schools in Korea today claim a Christian, but not a mission, foundation due to the efforts of Korean Christians in this decade.

Much of the success of the Protestant churches in the first twenty-five years after the arrival of the missionaries was due to the association of Christianity with the ‘progressive’ West, and to the emphasis which the first generation of missionaries placed on the responsibility of local Christians for the growth and support of their churches. By the end of this first decade of the new century, the first seminaries had been founded, the first seminary graduates had graduated, and the first class of Korean ministers had been ordained. In 1908 all Protestant missionaries, except the High Church Anglicans, had agreed upon a comity arrangement dividing the peninsula into spheres of interest (see Fig. 17). A vote taken at the same time by the missionaries to create a united church was, sadly, rejected by the home churches in North Amer- ica. Before the absorption of Korea into the Japanese Empire, the Protestant churches were thriving institutions supported and sus- tained locally and with the beginnings of an indigenous clergy. The churches also had the only complete system of Western-style education in Korea prior to the development of the Japanese government schools. The background was set for a bitter struggle between the church and the new colonial government.

2. T.HE CHURCH UNDER JAPANESE COLONIAL RULE

In the second decade of the twentieth century, Korean Christians began more and more to take a prominent place in the affairs of the church and in society as a whole. One indication of this prominence was the Conspiracy Trial of 1912. 124 persons were accused of attempting to assassinate the Governor-General,

The Advent of Protestantism

199

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