1980

(^Massachusetts

^obstef fishery

Statistics

by

Charles 0. Anderson, Jr., Senior Marine Fisheries Biologist

Christopher B. Kellogg, Resource Economist

Gerald H. Nash, Statistician

Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Recreational Vehicles Division of Marine Fisheries

Technical Series No. 15

A contribution of

Commercial Fisheries Research and Development Act

(P.L. 88-309) Project 3-194-D

Approved by John Manton, State Purchasing Agent Pub I i cat ion: #12665 - 22 - 250 - 1-82 - C.R.

Reprinted by Central Reproduction Services (Ezecuthre OfHce for Admlnistrmtion and Finance)

INTRODUCTION

The commercial lobster fishery of Massachusetts is the most economically important fishery conducted within the territorial waters of the Commonwealth. The overall economic importance of the lobster fishery both in New England and, in recent years, in the Mid-Atlantic states, has focused the attention of Federal, Regional and State Fishery managers on this species. Initially, in an attempt to standardize management of the fishery, the Federal and State governments developed an overall lobster fishery management plan under the aus- pices of the State-Federal Partnership Program. However, with the passage of the Fisheries Management and Conservation Act, the New England Fisheries Management Council in cooperation with the Mid-Atlantic Council has begun to develop a management plan for the entire east coast lobster fishery. The basis of any such plan is an accurate statistical data base. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, with joint funding from the National Marine Fisheries Service, has been collecting annual catch reports from licensed lobster fishermen for many years. Historically, the data collected has been used primarily for descriptive and informational purposes, and occasionally for management. However, with the recent emphasis on Federal and regional management, this data takes on added importance in terms of providing the respective management agencies with adequate information to ensure that the interests of Massachusetts lobstermen are protected.

In 1980, the number of coastal commercial lobster licenses issued by the Division was limited by law to 1,300. There was a provision for the issuance of an additional 130 permits to fishermen who could demonstrate to the Marine Fisheries Advisory Commission that they would suffer significant economic hardship if they did not obtain a commercial lobster permit. The limitation on the number of licenses issued remained in effect until January I, 1 98 1, when 100 new licenses became available. Each subsequent year 80 new licenses will be is- sued, while licenses not renewed will be retired.

This report is the fourteenth annual publication of data summarized from catch reports submitted by licensed lobster fishermen. For the most part, these reports have been presented in a standardized format. However, major changes in data collection, and a more thorough evaluation of data have brought about a substantial change in data presentation. The specific reasons for these changes are explained more thoroughly elsewhere in the text. It is anticipated that these changes will be ongoing and that a finalized format may not be developed for several years.

The report has been prepared by personnel from the Division of Marine Fisheries' Commercial Fisheries Statistics Project and Economics Project funded jointly by the Commonwealth, the National Marine Fisheries Service under the Commercial Fisheries Research and Development Act (Public Law 88-309) and a grant from the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management.

The preparation of this report would not have been possible without cooperation of the licensed lobstermen of the Commonwealth who provided the data on their annual catch reports. Special thanks also go to Nancy Leamy and Mary Ann Gachignard for their assistance in processing the catch reports when they are received from the fishermen and to Irene Kushlan and Doris Jimenez who assisted in the compilation of catch-effort data.

SOURCE OF DATA

No person may fish for or take lobsters in coastal waters or land lobsters in the Commonwealth without a permit issued by the Director of the Division of Marine Fisheries (Chapter 130, Mass. G. L., Section 38). Chapter 130, Mass. G. L., Section 33, requires any person so licensed to file an annual report of their catch by January 31 for the preceding calendar year. Until 1980, license renewal applications and separate catch report forms were mailed to both com- mercial and non-commercial licensees at the end of the calendar year. In 1980, after a thorough review of the reporting system, it was decided that because of the volume of licenses issued to non-commercia I fishermen was so great (exceeding 80^ of the total licenses issued) and the percent of the total lobsters landed by this group has been historically low C@ 3%), a separate, detailed, catch report was extremely inefficient and cost ineffective to pro- cess. Therefore, a small block on each renewal license was provided for the non-commercial lobstermen to report the number of lobsters taken during 1980. License renewals were not processed unless this block was filled in. Persons not wishing to renew their license were reminded of the legal obligation to report their catch and instructed to return their application form with their 1980 catch filled in and instructions not to renew their permit. Unfortunately, due to turnover in clerical personnel on the licensing staff, an undetermined number of applications returned with the instructions not to renew the permit were destroyed. In addition, it was anticipated that the catch would be entered into the computer along with the license information and automatically totaled. Due to administrative problems, changes in the computer program were not made to accomodate this process and the remaining non-commercial catch was again processed by hand. It is hoped that these problems will be cleared up by the 1982 licensing year and the processing of the non-commercial catch for 1981 will more accurately reflect the actual non-commercial landings.

Coastal commercial, seasonal and offshore lobster license holders are required to file a more detailed report which includes the following informa- tion: method of fishing; number and type of gear used; effort data (number of traps fished, set-over days, etc.); pounds of lobster taken; areas fished; principle port(s) of landing; and information relative to the vessels used in the fishery. Project personnel sort, edit, tabulate and interpret data from a I I reports.

Although holders of offshore commercial lobster permits are required to file an annual report, historically no attempt has been made to present data other than total catch. This year, summary statistics, including number of pots fished, lobsters caught by otter trawl and value of vessels engaged in the offshore fishery are included in this report.

Data presented in this booklet are based on catch reports actually received and are not expanded to 100 percent levels.

-2-

EXPLANATION OF TABLES

In past years, all data pertaining to the Massachusetts "coastal" lobster fishery was obtained by requesting the fishermen to state on his report the estimated number of pounds of lobsters harvested in territorial waters. Al- though the same estimate was requested again in 1980, a thorough review of the data collection process indicated that, due to the irregularity of the Massa- chusetts coastline, the lack of sophisticated electronic navigational equipment on smaller inshore lobster boats and general lack of knowledge as to exactly where the territorial boundaries are, it was decided to break down all landing data into two basic categories: the first will contain all data on lobsters harvested inside 69° West longitude and 41° North latitude; and the second group will relate to lobsters taken outside this area. For the sake of data continuity the estimated total lobster catch harvested in the territorial waters is still presented, but is not used as the basis of data expansion as it had been in the past.

Tables presenting number of fishermen by license type, number of pots fished, number and value of boats used in the fishery and total landings state- side, by county and for each coastal city and town were prepared using the catch reports submitted by all fishermen. In keeping with the Division policy, some of the data presented is masked or combined to protect the confidentiality of the individual submitting the report. Data referring to number of fishermen, number and value of gear, and number and value of boats are presented by the homeport of the licensee filing the report. Pounds of lobsters harvested are presented by the port of landing reported by the fishermen.

Due to limited data storage capability of the programmable calculator used to calculate percent of catch by area and month fished, and catch per" unit of effort statistics, only those reports submitted by holders of commer- cial coastal licenses could be tabulated. Of a M reports filed by fishermen, only 867 reports could be used, due to missing or improper data supplied by the fishermen.

Where tabular material refers to county, the reader is referred to Figure I. Fishing areas are delineated in Figure 2.

Vessel and SCUBA gear values were calculated on the basis of the fisher- man's estimate of its present value and the percentage of its use specifically for lobstering. Average values were used when the information was omitted from an individual report.

When fishermen reported the number of lobsters taken, rather than poundage, a conversion factor of 1.2 pounds per lobster was used to calculate poundage figures. This factor is based on historical data.

1980 High I ights

I) There were 14,763 lobster licenses of all types issued during 1980: 1,438 coastal commercial; 370 seasonal commercial; 573 offshore; and 12,382 non-commercia I .

2) A total of 4,723 licensed lobster fishermen (32 percent) failed to file a catch report with the Division. Of the 10,040 fishermen reporting, 2,933 (29.2 percent) reported that they did not fish for lobster during 1980.

3) A total of 10,257,083 pounds of lobsters were reported landed. Of these, recreational fishermen reported taking 352,884 pounds, while the commercial fishermen reported taking 9,904,199 pounds. Based on an average value of $2.14 per pound, the commercial catch was valued at $21,194,985.

4) Commercial fishermen comprised 21 percent of the total number of fishermen reporting and landed 96 percent of the total reported catch.

5) Non-commercial SCUBA divers represented 24 percent of the fishermen report- ing, but landed only I percent of the total poundage landed.

6) In total pounds of lobsters landed, Essex County ranked first, Plymouth County second and Suffqik County third.

7) In total numbers of commercial fishermen reporting, Essex County ranked first with 632, Plymouth County second with 404 and Barnstable County third with 168.

2

8) In the commercial fishery, pots were valued at $8,509,590 diving gear at

$25,429 and power and non-power boats at $19,452,493, yielding a total gear value of $27,987,512. Combined with the value of lobsters sold, $21,194,985, this gives a total commercial fishery value of $49,182,497.

10) Of the 9,904,199 pounds of lobsters landed, 8,323,959 were reported taken inside of 69° W and 41° N and of that number, 7,749,432 were estimated by the fishermen to have been taken within the territorial waters of the Commonwea Ith .

11) More lobsters were landed in Boston, 1,111,149 pounds, than in any other Massachusetts port. Gloucester ranked second with 742,024 pounds, fol lowed closely by Plymouth with 737,468 pounds.

12) Landings by coastal commercial fishermen rose steadily in the spring, peaked in August and then decl ined. The least amount of lobsters were landed in February and March.

13) According to coastal fishermen the greatest numbers of lobsters taken inside of 69° W and 41° N were from Boston Harbor (Area 4), followed by Cape Ann (Area 2) and the Sever I y-Sa lem-Marbl ehead Area (Area 3).

14) The average catch per trap per set-over-day for coastal fishermen was 0.533 pounds. For traps fished for one set-over-day the average was 0.402; for those fished two days, 0.529; and for three set-over-days, 0.616 pounds.

For detailed information the reader is referred to Tables I through 13.

Ex-vessel price determined from the Massachusetts Dealer Transaction Program

2 Based on an average price of $30 per pot, including warp and buoys

-4-

Table I Reporting Status of 1980 Lobster Licensees.

Licenses Issued

Coastal Commercial ($100) Seasonal Commercial ($25) Offshore ($100) Non-Commercial ($15)

Total

1,438

370

573

12,382

14,763

Reporting Status

Type Coastal Commercial Seasonal Commercial Offshore ^on-Commercial

Not Reporting 45 (3?) 171 (46$) 151 (26$) 4,356 (35$)

Reporting "Not Fishing"

156

25

298

2,454

Reporting "Fishing"

1,237

174

124

5,572

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-15-

I

able 13. Massachusetts Commercial Lobster Landings Inside 69°W and 4 1 °N

by Montli and Area as Reported by Coastal Commercial Fishermen in 1980.*

Month	Percent
January	0.9
February	0.2
March	0.2
Apri 1	1.6
May	5.5
June	7.1
July	18.6
August	22.7
September	18.4
October	14.8
November	7.0
December	3.0
	100.0

Area	Percent
1	1 .9
2	15.5
3	14.7
4	27.8
5	13.9
6	10. 1
7	1 .5
8	5.0
9	0.5
10	4.7
1 1	3.3
12	1 .1

100.0

*Based on 867 reports

Table 13. Pounds of Lobster Landed by Commercial Fishermen by City or Town of Landing in 1980.

City/Town Inside 69°W 4 1 °N Outside 69°W 4 1 °N Total

Barnstab le	24,750	355,796	380,546
Beverly	527,975		527,975
Boston	1,052,807	58,342	1 , 1 1 1 , 1 49
Bourne	50,357	330	50,687
Braintree-Quincy	14,957		14,957
Chatham	142,797	44	1^2.84!
Che 1 sea-Revere	8,880		8,880
Chi 1 mark	62,887		62,887
Cohasset	460,990		460,990
Dan vers	20,650		20,650
Dartmouth	1 1,020		1 1 ,020
Denn i s	31,281		31,281
Duxbury	25,70!		25,701
Eastham	20,867		20,867
Essex	23,380		23,380
Fai rhaven	83,223		83,223
Fa 1 mouth	19, 144		19,144
Gloucester	7 1 1 , 320	30,704	742,024
Gosnol d	4,126		4,126
Harwich	33,969	295,122	329,091
Hingham	105,144		105,144
Hul 1	181,320		1 8 1 , 320
1 pswi ch	80,614		80,614
Kingston	25,744		25,744
Lynn	30,920		30,920
Manchester	183,616		183,616
Marb lehead	509,1 18		509,1 18
Marion-Mattapoi sett	38,896		^8,896
Marshf ield	533,585		53^,585
Nahant	221,258	1 ,600	222,858
Nantucket	16,610	3,846	20,456
New Bedford	104,339	26,897	131,235
Newbury -Newbury port	33,524		33,524
Oak Bluf fs-Tisbury	2,698	4,500	7,198
Orl eans	38,676		38,676
Plymouth	717,019	20,449	737,468
Provincetown	121,213	8,500	129,713
Rock port	417,702		417,702
Salem	56,938		56,938
Sal isbury	7,501		7,501
Sandw ich	123,410	326,644	450,054
Saugus	447,983		447,983
Scl tuate	343,605		343,605
Swampscott	284,258		284,258
Truro	1,892		1,892

•17-

Table 13. (Continued)

City /Town	Inside 69°W 4 1 °N
Wareham	34,216
Wei If leet	1,985
Westport	1 29 . 375
Weymouth	83,473
Winthrop	105,205
Out-of-state	1 1,041

Outside 69°W 4I°N Total

34,216

1,985

399,726 529,101

83,473

105,205

47,740 58,781

■18-

COASTAL MAP of MASSACHUSETTS SHOWING STATISTICAL REPORTING AREAS (Counties)

1 . Essex

2. Suffolk

3. Norfolk

4. Plymouth

5. Bristol 7. Dukes

6. Barnstable 8. Nantucket

Figure 1

-19-

Figure 2. Location and description of coastal lobster fishing areas in Massachusetts.

'Mass.

	Between Areas	BOUNDARIES
	1 & 2	Castle Neck. Ipswich
	2 & 3	Goldsmith Point, Atonchester
	3 & 4	Red Rock, Lynn
	4 & 5	Tobias Ledge (Spindle), Scituote
	5 & 6	High Pines Ledge, Plynnouth
	6 & 7	Scussett Beach, Sandwich
	7 & 8	Griffin Island, Wellfleet
20 fathoms	8 & 9	Harwich/Chatham Line
\ \ \	9 S 10	Waquoit Bay, Falmouth - Cape Pog AA.V. - AAuskeget Island
	10 & 11	AAass./R.I. Line - Gay Head

Note: The seaward boundary of Areas 1 through 7 is the 20 Fathom line.

-20-