vh^- fe/l3i.a-.' )^%>/9-/^r) MASSACHUSETTS DIVISION OF MARINE FISHERIES 1987 Massachusetts Lobster Fishery Statistics by Thomas B. Hoopes Assistant Marine Fisheries Biologist Technical Series 22 A contribution of Commercial Fisheries Research and Development (P.L. 88-309) Project 3-416-D The Commonwealth of Massachusetts Executive Office of Environmental Affairs James S. Hoyte, Secretary Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Environmental Law Enforcement Walter E. Bickford, Commissioner Division of Marine Fisheries Philip G. Coates, Director PUBLICATION: # 15623-19-310-8-88-C.R. 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The overall economic importance of the fishery both in New England and, in recent years, the Mid-Atlantic states, has focused the attention of Federal, Regional and State fishery managers on this species. Initially, in an attempt to standardize management of the fishery, the Federal and State Governments developed an overall lobster fishery management plan under the auspices of the State-Federal Partnership Program. However, with the passage of the Fisheries Management and Conservation Act, the New England Fisheries Management Council, in cooperation with the Mid-Atlantic Council, has developed and implemented a management plan for the entire east coast lobster fishery. The basis and success of any such plan is an accurate statistical data base. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, with joint funding from the National Marine Fisheries Service, has been collecting annual reports from licensed lobster fishermen for many years. Historically, the data collected was used primarily for descriptive and informational purposes, and occasionally for management. However, with the recent emphasis on Federal management, these data take on added importance in terms of providing the respective management agencies with adequate information to insure that the interests of Massachusetts' lobstermen are protected. During the period 1975 - 1980, the number of coastal commercial lobster permits was limited, by law, to 1300, with an additional ten percent issued to proven hardship cases. In 1981, a statutory change provided for the establishment of a permanent waiting list from which 100 new permits were issued. In addition, 30 special additional permits were awarded to full time commercial fishermen who met certain criteria. In subsequent years 80 list permits and 20 special additional permits have been issued. Permits which are not renewed are retired. This report is the twenty - first annual publication of data summarized from catch reports submitted by licensed lobster fishermen. Data were presented in a standardized format through 1979. In 1980, presentation was changed to reflect a more thorough collection and evaluation of the submitted information. This publication represents the second year in which data processing and evaluation were completely computerized. As a result new data, previously unobtainable due to the sheer weight of hand-generated computation, is now readily available. This publication perpetuates the existing time series, and expands upon areas not addressed in previous years. All data elements presented in previous reports are presented here, although they may not be in the same tabular format. This report does not, however, cover the scope of the Project's existing database and computational capability. Requests for expanded information should be made to the Division's Statistics Project. This report has been prepared by personnel from the Division of Marine Fisheries Statistics and Data Processing Project, funded jointly by the Commonwealth and the National Marine Fisheries Service under the Commercial Fisheries Research and Development Act (Public Law 88-309). The preparation of this report would not have been possible without the cooperation of licensed lobstermen who provided the information on their annual reports. Special thanks go to Ann Spires for her organizational skills in checking, editing and filing the reports and for her virtually error-free data entry. A computer is useless unless it has data to work with and data entry is an extremely tedious task. Thanks also go to Gerald Nash for ad hoc program requests at even the busiest of times and to Charles Anderson for his continual help with system development and upgrades and suggestions concerning this publication. SOURCE OF DATA No person may fish for or take lobsters in coastal waters or land lobsters in the Commonwealth without a permit issued by the Director of the Division of Marine Fisheries (Chapter 130, Mass. G.L., Section 38). Chapter 130, Mass. G.L., Section 33, requires any person so licensed to file an annual report of their catch by January 31 for the preceding calendar year. In 1980, a dual reporting system was established. Commercial lobstermen (coastal, offshore and seasonal(student)) received a detailed catch report form with their license renewal application. This report requests the following information: method of fishing; number and type of gear used; effort data (set-over days, number of trips per month, etc.); pounds of lobster taken; areas fished; principal ports of landing; and information relative to the vessels used in the fishery. Recreational fishermen are asked to report on their license renewal application form only the number of lobsters taken during the previous year. However, due I the fact that recreational licenses are not processed completely at the time of publication, an addendum will be published at a later date. Each year 150 Coastal Lobstermen are selected and audited for the records used to complete the catch portion of their catch report. The Division does this to assess the amount of error involved in the reporting process. Selection is done randomly except when fishermen fail an audit. In these cases, they are audited again the following year. The audit was first instituted in 1977 for the 1976 catch reports. Over the last five years the lobstermen selected for audit reported landing 5,471,420 pounds. The audit of their records revealed a harvest of 5,527,517 pounds or a difference of 1.01%. Project personnel sort, edit, tabulate and interpret data from all reports received. Data presented in this publication are based on catch reports actually received as of June 14, 1988, and are not expanded to represent all of the permits issued in 1987. EXPLANATION OF TABLES All data presented in this publication are broken down into two basic categories: the first is "inshore" which represents data pertaining to all lobster activity taking place within 69 degrees West Longitude and 41 degrees North Latitude; the "offshore" category refers to all data outside those coordinates (Area 13 on Figure 5). This is not to be confused with the offshore license category which allows fishermen to harvest lobster outside the territorial waters line (3 miles from shore) only, a line that falls within the coordinates given above. Below is a brief definition of each license type: Coastal Commercial: Allows the holder to harvest lobsters anywhere, most importantly inside territorial waters. Offshore Commercial: Allows the holder to harvest lobsters outside territorial waters only. Seasonal Commercial: Allows the holder, if he or she is a student to harvest lobsters anywhere but with a maximum of 25 traps and only during the months June - September. Non-commercial: Allows the holder to harvest anywhere but with a maximum of only 10 traps and cannot sell catch. Tables presenting number of fishermen, number of pots fished, number and value of boats used in the fishery and total landings statewide, by county and license type, and for each city and town were prepared using the catch reports submitted by commercial fishermen. In keeping with Division policy, some of the data are masked or combined to protect the confidentiality of the individual submitting the report. Data referring to the number of fishermen, number and value of gear, and number and value of boats are presented by the home port of the licensee filing the report. Pounds of lobsters harvested are presented by the port of landing reported by the fishermen. Up until two years ago, this information was broken down and presented in one table per county. This year all counties are combined in one table and include selected data elements. For example, Table 3 contains number of fishermen, pounds harvested and value of harvest for all counties both inshore and off. Although it requires a reduced format, it is felt this is more readable. Vessel and SCUBA gear values were calculated on the basis of the fishermen's estimate of its present value and the percentage of its use specifically for lobstering. Average values were used when the information was omitted from an individual report. When fishermen reported the number of lobsters taken, rather than poundage, a conversion factor of 1.18 pounds per lobster was used to calculate poundage figures. This factor is based on historical data. Where tables refer to county, the reader is referred to Figure 9. Fishing areas are delineated in Figure 5. 1987 HIGHLIGHTS 1. There were 14,852 lobster licenses of all types issued during 1987: 1,877 coastal commercial; 764 offshore commercial; 131 seasonal commercial and 12,080 non-commercial. As of June 14, 1988, a total of 245 licensed commercial lobstermen (9 percent) failed to file a catch report with the Division. Of the 2,527 commercial fishermen who reported, 737 or 27 percent claimed they did not fish for lobster during 1987. See Table 1 for a summary of the reporting status and Table 2 for a five year comparison. 2. A total of 13,384,566 pounds of lobsters were reported landed by commercial lobstermen. Based on a value of $3.03 per pound , the commercial catch was valued at $40,555,235. See Table 3 for a breakdown by license type and county. 3. In total pounds of lobsters landed, Essex County ranked first, Plymouth County second and Suffolk County third. In total numbers of active commercial fishermen, Essex County ranked first with 732, Plymouth County second with 404 and Barnstable County third with 189. See Tables 3 and 6. 2 • • 4. In the commercial fishery, pots were valued at $14,929,200 , diving gear at $39,265, and power and non-power boats at $48,202,483 yielding a total gear value of $63,170,948. Combined with the value of lobsters sold, $40,555,235, gives a total fishery value of $103,726,183. 5. Of the 13,384,566 pounds of lobsters landed commercially, 11,510,379 were reported taken inside of 69 degrees West and 41 degrees North (inshore), and of that number, 9,371,224 pounds were estimated to have been taken within the territorial waters of the Commonwealth. 6. Boston ranked first in number of pounds landed but second in number of active fishermen. Gloucester ranked first in number of fishermen but second in pounds landed. See Table 6 for a breakdown by town. 7. Inshore landings by commercial fishermen were concentrated during the months July through November when 82 percent of the yearly harvest was landed. This seasonal trend reflects mainly the efforts of coastal lobstermen who reported landing approximately 79 percent of the total commercial catch during that time period. See Figures 1 and 2 and Table 8 for a complete breakdown by month for each license type. 8. According to coastal lobstermen the greatest harvest of lobsters taken inside 69 degrees West and 41 degrees North was from the Boston Harbor area (Area 4) followed by the Beverly - Salem - Marblehead area (Area 3) and the Plymouth area (Area 5). See Figures 3 and 4 and Table 9 for a complete breakdown by area for each license type. 9. The average catch per trap haul for coastal lobstermen was 0.6304 pounds. For traps fished one set-over day the average was 0.3546; for those fished two days 0.5399; for three days 0.5647; and for four days 0.6060. See Figures 6 and 7 for catch effort information by month and area. 10. Last year the fishermen selected for audit reported landing 1,163,777 pounds of lobster on their 1986 catch reports. The audit of their actual records showed total landings of 1,141,762 pounds, a difference of 22,015 pounds or 1.89 percent. Random audit of the 1987 reports was taking place at time of publication. Ex-vessel price determined by weighted averages of prices listed in the National Marine Fisheries Service "Blue Sheet." 2 Based on an average value of $32.50 per pot, including warp and buoys. Table 1. 1987 Massachusetts Commercial Lobster Fishery Reporting Status of Lobster Licensees Licenses Issued Coastal Commercial ($200) 1,877 Offshore Commercial ($200) 764 Seasonal (Student) Commercial ($ 50) 131 Non-Commercial ($ 30) 12,080 Total 14,852 Reporting Status Type Not Reported Reported Reporting "Not Fish ing" "Fishing" 34 2% 409 22% 1,434 76% 154 20% 319 42% 291 38% 57 44% 9 7% 65 50% 245 9% 737 27% 1,790 65% Coastal Commercial Offshore Commercial Seasonal Commercial Total Non- Commercial figures unavailable at time of printing. % Not Reporting Table 2. Massachusetts Commercial Lobster Fishery Selected Licensing Information, 1983 - 1987 1983 Coastal Licenses Issued Percent Change Fished Percent Change Did Not Fish Percent Change Not Reporting Percent Change 1,609 1,312 269 28 % Change 1984 1985 1986 1987 1983-87 1,697 1,744 1,803 1,877 16.66 5. 47 2.77 3.38 4.10 1,353 1,368 1,418 1,434 9.30 3.13 1.11 3.65 1.13 296 349 359 409 52.04 10.04 17.91 2.87 13.93 30 27 26 34 21.43 7.14 -10.00 -3.70 30.77 Offshore Licenses Issued Percent Change Fished Percent Change Did Not Fish Percent Change Not Reporting Percent Change 560 146 297 120 688 673 711 764 22.86 -2.18 5.65 7.45 174 167 294 291 19.18 -4.02 76.05 -1.02 355 347 270 319 19.53 -2.25 -22.19 18.15 159 159 147 161 32.50 0.00 -7.55 9.52 36.43 99.32 7.41 34.17 % Not Reporting 21 23 24 21 21 Seasonal Licenses Issued Percent Change Fished Percent Change Did Not Fish Percent Change Not Reporting Percent Change 267 132 18 117 227 188 171 131 14.98 -17.18 -9.04 -23.39 116 108 88 60 12.12 -6.90 -18.52 -31.82 19 15 13 9 5.56 -21.05 -13.33 -30.77 92 65 70 63 21.37 -29.35 7.69 -10.00 ■50.94 -54.55 -50.00 -46.15 % Not Reporting 44 41 35 41 48 Q -I z < < I- a. o o t- O m O co «* no «— «- in rs. >o in rs. 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CO •M CO 4-> CO k> (0 k> CO k> co 4-> co kl CD 4-> — 1 C0 kj ►— CD kl < >- i UJ CD CO i_ 01 (0 c_ 01 (0 L. 01 CO t_ 01 CO (_ 01 CO [_ Ol CO (_ Ol CO l_ < Ol CO L. < 01 CO (- 1— i _I O o 0) o o O o 01 t— o O 01 H- O o oi >- CO aa 2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 UJ CO 2 ca 2 z CO 2 CO 2 o CO 2 CO CO 2 UJ >— < O) O _i ai O ai O Dl o ^ O) O ^ O) o t— U) o ^ O! o 1— en O cn o z i— c c a. o c i_ a. c l_ a. c t_ a. CJ c l_ a. _l c i_ a. 3 c 1_ a. —i c l_ a. c (- a. Ik c 1- Q. z s 00 ._ 0) ►— .»— 0) CO •— 01 X •— 01 3 01 o 01 ■ »— 01 o •r- 01 UJ •r— 01 o ••— 0> UJ z > X c oo > 2 c UJ > 2 c UJ > 2 c (— > 2 c Ik > 2 c X > 2 c Ik > 2 c t— > 2 C > 2 C o c_> ce '•- o o ~m O o ^ •— O o (/> .r- o o z o o ac O o >- • — o o Ik •r- o o 05 > > < < < < < X X > X > > JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC MONTH Table 8 . 1 987 Massachusetts Commercial Lobster Fishery. Percent Monthly Inshore Harvest for Each License Type Month Coastal Offshore Seasonal January 0.80 4.27 February 0 26 2.55 March 0.29 2.14 Apr! 1.00 2.34 May 3.19 4 93 June 5.90 6.58 15 04 Ju* 16.70 9.09 39 46 August 17 99 12.26 33 53 September 19.88 16.84 11 97 October 17.73 11.61 November 10.94 16.86 December 5.32 10.53 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 12 W w > OS < 2 K W Figure 3. 1987 Massachusetts Commercial Lobster Fishery Total Inshore Harvest by Area Fished and License Type 35 30 - 25 20 15 10 - 30.00 COASTAL 16.50 8.76 2.22 i 2 3 ES3 OFFSHORE ■■ SEASONAL 10.47 8.92 ES3 4.84 1.58 T 5 6 7 AREA FISHED i 8 6.76 2.67 B8S 3.36 3.91 PW^] 10 11 12 Figure 4. 1987 Massachusetts Commercial Lobster Fishery Percent Inshore Harvest by Area Fished for Each License Type 35 g s o OS w - 30 - 25 20 - 15 10 - ll n 3 > > > > > > > > > > > > > > EL & ¥ 1 i I I COASTAL 5 8 7 AREA HSHED K3 OFFSHORE X X X rx X X X 10 SEASONAL 12 Table 9 . 1987 Massachusetts Commercial Lobster Fishery; Percent hshore Harvest by Area Fished for Each License Type Area Fished Coastal Offshore Seasonal 1 2.29 0.63 5.80 2 9.14 0.41 23.72 3 17.27 0.72 6.69 4 31.45 0.18 19.90 5 10.89 1.44 17.83 6 5.03 0.73 15.41 7 1.65 0.19 1.24 8 8.05 27.36 0.90 9 1.20 33.31 0.00 10 3.52 0.09 7.43 11 3.03 22.29 1.09 12 6.49 12.66 0.00 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 13 Lobstering Areas 20 fathoms Between Areas l & 2 2 ic 3 3 ic 4 4 tc 5 5 tc 6 6 tc 7 7 tc 8 8 ic 9 9 & 10 io ic 11 41 Boundaries Castle Neck, Ipswich Goldsmith Point, Manchester Red Rock, Lynn Tobias Ledge (Spindle), Scituate High Pines Ledge, Plymouth Scussett Beach, Sandwich Griffin Island. Wellfleet Harwich/Chatham Line Waquoit Bay, Falmouth - Cape Poge, J! - Muskeget Island Mass. /R.I. Line - Gay Head 13 (Offshore) 13 (Offshore) Figure 5. Location and Description of Coastal Lobster Fishing Areas in Massachusetts 14 CO — u > o 0) GO T3 o H en a 3 O Figure 6. 1987 Masachusetts Commercial Lobster Fishery Catch Per Unit of Effort For All License Types by Area Fished 0.5 0.4 - 0.3 - 0.2 o.i N = Number of Complete Monthly Observations Average CPUE for All Potmen = .2169 N=149 N=2,395 N=2,066 N= 1.745 N=483 T 4 N= 1,089 N=460 N= 1.458 N=797 N=244 N=870 12 Area Fished Q u > O I *j