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HASEU

PURC

-DUPLICATA. DE LA:
“DU CONSERVATOIRE BovANIQUE

MATERIALS

FOR A

FLORA

OF THE MALAYAN PENINSULA

BY

GEORGE KING, K.C.LE., LL.D, F.RS,,

LATE SUPERINTENDENT OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN, CALCUTTA.

CALYCIFLORA-

(Nos. 9 TO 13 OF THE SERIES).

ERV:

ons AT, b
“TIBRARY BOTANIQUE
NEW YORK aie ae
BOTAMHOAL. 5 vee Oe eae

or ee VILLE de GENEY-
CALCUTTA
ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN.
1902.
LA BIBLIOTHEQUE

DUPLICATA DE
DU CONSERVATOIRE BOTANIQUE DE GE
| VENDU EN 1922 :

PREFACE.

The papers contained in this volume originally appeared, like their

predecessors, in the /ournal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. For the

convenience of Botanists I had separate copies of each of these papers
printed off as it appeared, and these are now issued as a volume dealing
with the Calycifore as its two predecessors dealt respectively with
Thalamifiore and Disciflore. _ Each page of the volume bears two
numbers. The one at the top of the page is that of the volume of the
Journal in which the paper originally appeared. This number is not
referred to in the Index, but it is the one which ought to be used by any
one quoting this work. Zhe numbers at the bottom of the pages (which run
continuously) are those used tn the index.

The dates of the publication of the five papers included in the
present volume are as follows :—

No. 9, pages 1 to 344, Journ. As. Society, Bengal, No. 1, 1897.

Rg ou Sa TO OB ros “g » ‘No. 4) 3696:
a ys SOG AOS dO ss » Novi; 96ers
tee gee: EE LO GZ," sy, 9 » NO taxa
eRe ee Be OO Gon. -4, - » , NO. iateem

The order Zeguminose was written by my friend and colleague Dr.
D. Prain, and the genus Sonerila (N. O. Melastomacee) was done in
collaboration with my friend Dr. O. Stapf, of the Kew Herbarium. The
rest of the book is my own work.

It may be useful to repeat that, throughout this work, the length given
for a leaf is that of the blade only, the measurements of the petiole (if
any) being given separately: and that the breadth given for a leaf is that
of its broadest part.

From the Journal, Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. LXVI. Part ITI, No. 1,
! 1897.

LIBRARY
NEW YORK
BOTANICAL

FAVIDEN

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.— By Grorae Kina,
LL.D., F.R.S., C.1.E., Superintendent of the Royal Botanic Garden,
Calcutta.

No. 9.

With the last part of these Materials the account of the Discijflore
of the Malayan Peninsula was concluded ; and in the present part that
of the Calyciflore is begun. My progress has (owing to the press of
official and of other work) been even slower than I anticipated when I
began the publication of these Materials now more than seven years
ago. I therefore invoked the aid of my excellent friend and colleague
Dr. D. Prain, and he, in response to my appeal, generously undertook
the elaboration of the important family of Legwminosee which forms so

© large a portion of the present paper. It is hoped that one more con-
tribution similar in size to the present one will suffice to complete the
account of the Calycijlore, and so to bring the whole series about half
way towards completion.

Order XXXVII. CONNARACEA.

Erect or climbing shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, exstipulate,
1-3-foliolate or unequally-pinnate; leaflets quite entire. Flowers in
racemes panicles .or cymes, regular or subregular, usually bisexual.
Calyx 5-lobed or -partite, usually persistent, imbricate or valvate. Petals

} 1

AUG 7- 192

2 Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula

d, usually narrow, free or slightly cohering, very rarely valvate. Stamens
perigynous or hypogynous, sometimes declinate, 5 or 10, those opposite
the petals often shorter and imperfect; filaments often connate at the
base. DiscO or small,’annular or incomplete. Pistils 5, rarely 1-3 or
6-7, ovoid, hirsute, 1-celled ; styles subulate or filiform,.stigmas capitel-
late, simple or 2-lobed; ovules 2, collateral, ascending, orthotropous.
Fruit usually of 1, rarely 2-3, sessile or stalked, l- rarely 2-seeded
follicles. Seed erect, usually arillate, testa thick, usually more or less
covered by an arillus which is often very thin ; cotyledons fleshy in the
exalbuminous, leafy in the albuminous seeds; radicle superior, rarely
ventral.— Distris. 14 genera, all tropical.
Seeds exalbuminons, arillate.
Pistils solitary.
Leaves pinnate, leaflets 3 to 11; trees or scandent
shrubs... ae 1. ConNARUS.
Leaflet solitary, call trees or shrubs, never colon 2. ELLIPANTHUS.
Pistils 5 but usually only 1 perfect: leaves pinnate,
(leaflet solitary in one species of Rouwrea).
Flower-pedicels ebracteolate: follicle curved; lobes of
calyx persistent, slightly accrescent, imbricate and
forming a cup at the base = = 3. Rovurea,
Flower-pedicels with persistent bracteoles at their
bases, follicle not curved; calyx-lobes persistent, but
neither accrescent nor imbricate ise ... 4, ROUREOPSIS.
Pistils 2 to 5, perfect.
Calyx imbricate; follicles rugose, laminate or tubercled 5. AGELHA.
Calyx valvate; follicles neither rugose laminate nor
tubercled SG 6. T#NIOCHLENA.
Seeds albuminous, pistils 5 to 7, follicles 1 to 3, Stee bee 7. CONESTIS.

1. Conwnarvs, Linn.

Trees or (usually scandent) shrubs. Leaves unequally pinnate ;
leaflets 5, rarely 3 or more, quite entire. Paniclesaxillary and terminal,
branched, Flowers small. Sepals 5, deciduous or persistent and clasp-
ing the pedicel of the capsule but not accrescent, imbricate. Petals 5,
linear or slightly dilated upwards, Stamens 10, 5 shorter and sometimes
without anthers. Ovary 1, densely pubescent, style slender, stigma
capitellate. Capsule oblique, stipitate, inflated, broader upwards ; valves
glabrous or pubescent within. (Seeds arillate, testa shining, albumen 0;
cotyledons amygdaloid.— Disrris. Species about 80, all tropical.

Petals minute, much shorter than the sepals ... .. Ll. C. Maingayi.
Petals longer than the sepals.
Under surfaces of the leaflets and the follicles externally
densely rusty-pubescent, upper surfaces of leaflets sparsely:
pubescent ... es =E ‘ah .. 2 C. ferrugmeus,
2

Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula. 3

Under surfaces of leaflets pubescent, upper surfaces and
adult follicles externally glabrous sas .- 3. C.semidecandrus.
Both surfaces of the leaflets quite glabrous.
Leaflets ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, acumi-
nate, 2 to 4 in. long.
Follicles sub-cylindric, tapering at the ends, not

compressed, minutely sericeous inside .., w. 4 C. oligophyllus.
Follicles compressed, sparsely stellate-hairy inside .. 5. ©. hebephyllus.
Leaflets broadly ovate with very rounded bases ; petals
pubescent; follicles 1°5 in. long, pubescent inside » 6. C. nicobaricus.

Leaficts elliptic-oblong or elliptic, 3 to 12 in. long;
petals glabrous.
Main nerves of leaves 6 or 7 pairs; follicles 1°25 to

i‘4 in. long, sericeous inside .. 7. GC. gibbosus.
Main nerves of leaves 9 or 10 pairs; follicles 1°5 to

1-74 in. long, sericeous inside , vee’, Oy iC, grandin.
Main nerves of leaves 5 pairs; follicles 2:5 5 in. long,

pubescent inside ... . 9. C. ellipticus.

1. Conwarus Marneayt, Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 53. A small tree:
young branches minutely rusty-tomentose. Leaves 6 to 8 in. long, their
rachises densely and minutely tomentose ; leaflets 7 to 9, coriaceous,
elliptic-oblong, obtusely and shortly acuminate, the base rounded or
sub-cuneate, both surfaces distinctly reticulate when dry, the upper
glabrous, the lower paler and sparsely adpressed-pubescent, the midrib
tomentose; main nerves 7 to 11 pairs, spreading, faint; length 2°25 to
3°25 in., breadth 1 to 1°35 in., petiolules ‘Ll to 15 in. Panicles axillary
and terminal, longer than the leaves, densely and minutely rusty-
tomentose; the branches short, spicate, with the flowers clustered near
the apices. lowers about ‘15 in. long, and the same in diameter, on pedi-
cels shorter than themselves. Sepals oblong, laterally inflexed at the apex,
hoary-pubescent outside, glabrous inside, connivent. Petals minute,
much shorter than the sepals and shorter than the stamens, pale-
pubescent in front. Stamens 10; the anthers almost sessile, broadly
ovate, glabrous. Pistil solitary, the ovary sericeous like the dise,
the style short and stout. Fruit not seen.

Perak; King’s Collector, No. 3106.

This is readily distinguished from every Connarus described here by its very
minute petals. In leaves it approaches C. oligophyllus, but is distinguished from
that by its pinnate nervation.

2. CONNARUS FERRUGINEUS, Jack in Mal. Misc. 2, VII, 37. A
sarmentose shrub or powerful woody climber as much as 80 feet long;
young branches, petioles, rachises, under-surfaces of leaves and inflor-
escence densely rusty-tomentose. Leaves 8 to 16 in. long; leaflets 5 to

11, coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, shortly acumi-
3

4 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

nate, narrowed in the lower fourth to the rounded or sub-cordate base ;
upper surface rugose and, even when adult, clothed with sparse
thin hairs; when old glabrous, the midrib and nerves depressed
and tomentose; under-surface rusty-tomentose; main nerves 6 or 7
pairs, oblique, curved, prominent beneath ; length 3 to 6 in., breadth
1:25 to 2 in., petiolules ‘1 to-15 in. Panicles terminal, shorter or longer
than the leaves; the branches rather short, stout. Flowers crowded,
‘3 in. long, on pedicels much shorter than themselves. Sepals oblong-
ovate, tomentose outside, glabrous inside. Petals linear-oblong, glabrous.
Stamens 10, alternately long and short, the filaments glabrous. Ovary
oblong, tomentose, style short. Follicle obovoid-oblong, shortly apicu-
late, tapering to the base, red when ripe, densely rusty-tomentose,
1-75 to 2°25 in. long and °8 to 1:25 m. broad; pericarp woody, densely
sericeous inside. Seed narrowly oblong, ] im. long and ‘6 in. broad,
black, shining, with a basal incomplete arillus *5 in. long. Planchon in
Linnea, Vol. XXIII, 429; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. [I], 51. Tricholobus
ferrugineus, Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1. 237. Connaracea, Wall.
Cat, 8530.

In all the provinces except the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.—
Disrris. Sumatra.

I see no character to separate Blume’s genus Tricholobus from Connarus, and I
therefore follow Sir Joseph Hooker in adhering to Jack’s name for this plant.

3. CONNARUS SEMIDECANDRUS, Jack in Mal. Misc. 2, VII, 39. A
sarmentose or often scandent shrub; young branches deciduously
puberulous. Leaves 6 to 9 in. long, their rachises and the under-surfaces
of the leaflets with their petiolules pubescent or puberulous; leaflets 5
to 7, thinly coriaceous, oblong to elliptic-lanceolate, shortly caudate-
acuminate, the base cuneate or rounded ; upper surface quite glabrous ;
the lower reticulate, the pubescence often deciduous with age; main
nerves 6 or 7 pairs, prominent on the lower surface, spreading but cur-
ving upwards, the lower pair very oblique ; length 2°5 tu 4°5 in., breadth
9 to 2°5 in., petiolules"15in Panicles axillary and terminal, longer than
the leaves, much branched, densely and minutely rusty-tomentose.
Flowers rather crowded, °2 in. long, ou pedicels shorter than themselves.
Sepals oblong, obtuse, concave, pubescent outside, shorter than the
glabrous linear-oblong petals. Stamens 10, in two rows, one row very
short, the other with its filaments dilated at their bases and as long as
the petals. Pvzstil single, shorter thau the stamens, the ovary hairy ;
the style short, stout, pubescent; stigma sub-capitate. ollicles falcate,
obovoid, compressed, with a short abrupt apical point, narrowed to a
stalk at the base, at first rusty-pubescent, afterwards glabrous, obliquely
striate, about ‘75 to ‘9 in, long and ‘6 in. broad ; pericarp thin, sparsely

4

Materials for a Flora of the M alayan Peninsula. i)

_ sericeous internally. Seed with a short basal arillus. Hook. fil. Fl. Br.
Ind. II, 52; Kurz For. Flora Burma, IJ, 326. Connarus floribundus,
Wall. Cat. 8543 (in part), 8541, B.

In all the provinces except the Nicobars and Andamans.— Distris.
Sumatra, |

This species is easily distinguished when in fruit by the small size of its
follicles. But, while in flower, it is not easy to separate it from C. gibbosus, Wall. ;
the only distinctions that I can find being that, in the latter, the follicles are larger
than in this, and that the leaflets are quite glabrous on both surfaces.

4. CONNARUS OLIGOPHYLLUS, Wall. ex Planch. in Linnea, XXIII,
427. Scandent, glabrous except the inflorescence. Leaves 6 to 8 in.
long ; leaflets 3 to 5, coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic-oblong,
sub-acute or shortly and bluntly acuminate, the base cuneate or rounded ;
upper surface shining; the lower paler, dull; main nerves 4 or 5 pairs,
ascending (especially the lower 2 pairs), curved, slightly prominent on
the lower surface, very faint on the upper ; length 2°25 to 4 in., breadth
1 to 2 in., petiolules ‘25 to 3in. Panicles terminal and longer than the
leaves or lateral and shorter, sub-pyramidal, much branched, minutely
rusty-pubescent, many-flowered. Flowers *35 in. long, sub-sessile or on
short pedicels. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, much shorter than’ the
oblong obtuse puberulous petals ; perfect ovary 1, flask-shaped, puberu-
lous. Follicle nearly straight, not compressed, cylindric, tapering to
each end, glabrous and vertically striate (when dry) outside, the peri-
carp coriaceous, minutely sericeous internally, 1°5 to 2 in. long and
‘75 in. in diam. at the middle. Seed shining, black. Hook. fil. Fl. Br.
Ind. II, 53. Connaracea, Wall. Cat. 8542 (in part) and 8539 D. (i
part). |
Penang; Porter. Perak; Wray, No. 1942. King’s Collector, Nos.
5232, 5613, 7804, 8335, 8432. Scortechini, No. 1057. Singapore ;
Ridley, No. 5904. Malacca; Maingay, Nos. 506, 508/2, 513.

5. CONNARUS HEBEPHYLLUS, n. spec. King. A powerful climber ;
young branches deciduously rusty-pubescent; the bark pale, sparsely
lenticellate. Leaves 6 to 12 in. long, their rachises glabrous ; leaflets
coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, the base rounded or slightly
cuneate ; both surfaces glabrous, dull, the lower pale and. faintly reti-
culate ; main nerves 6 or 7 pairs, spreading, curving upwards; length
2to 4 in, breadth 75 to 135 in.; petiolules about -2 in, rugulose,
glabrous, pale. Panicles terminal and axillary, shorter than the leaves
in flower, as long as or longer than them in fruit ; the branches short
densely rusty-tomentose. Flower-buds obovate, on short padiogls:
Culyx densely rusty-tomentose outside. Petals glabrous. Stamens 5
long and 5 minute. Follicles when young rusty-tomentose, when ripe

5)

6. Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

glabrous externally except along the suture, broadly oblong, blunt at
both ends, somewhat compressed, obliquely striate, attenuated to a very
short grooved pseudo-stalk, rosy-red when ripe, sparsely stellate-hairy
inside; length 1:25 in., breadth *85 in.; the pericarp thin, coriaceous,
glabrous inside. Seed narrowly oblong, blunt, with a short arillus at
its base.

Perak; Wray, No. 1858. King’s Collector, Nos. 5586, 6517, 7519.

6. CoNNARUS NICOBARICUS, King n. spec. Scandent, woody, all
parts except the inflorescence glabrous; young branches with pale
smooth bark. Leuves 8 to 10 in, long; leaflets thiuly coriaceous, 5 to 5,
broadly ovate with a very short blunt apical point, the base broad and
rounded; upper surface slightly shining, the lower duller and paler ;
main nerves 6 or 7 pairs, faint, curving upwards; length of lateral
leaflets 2°75 to 45 in., breadth 1°5 to 2°75 in.; petiolules about °25 in.,
the terminal leaflet larger. Pavicles terminal (probably also axillary),
nearly as long as the leaves, rusty-pubescent, the branches sub-erect.
Flowers crowded near the ends of the branchlets, °35 in. long, on pedicels
much shorter than themselves. Culya-segments ovate, tomentose out-
side, glabrous inside, about one-fourth as long a3 the corolla. Petals
linear, pubescent on both surfaces. Stamens 10, in two rows, the
longer row much shorter than the style and petals; filaments sparsely
pubescent, swollen near the base. Pistil as long as the petals ; the ovary
broadly ovoid, tomentose ; style sparsely pubescent. Stigma sub-capitate.
Follicle broad, sub-compressed, obtuse, glabrous, faintly striate longi-
tudinally, 1°5 in. long, and nearly 1 in. broad, pubescent inside.

Nicobar Islands ; King’s Collectors.

Allied to CG. gibbosus, Wall., but with pubescent petals and larger follicles which
are pubescent inside.

7 Connarus cipposus, Wall. Cat. 8541 (in part). A large semi-
scandent shrub ; young branches deciduously rusty-puberulous. Leaves
6 to 9 in. long, quite glabrous ; leaflets 3 to 5, thinly coriaceous, elliptic
or elliptic-oblong, very shortly and obtusely acuminate, the base round-
ed; both surfaces shining, the lower reticulate ; main nerves 6 or 7
pairs, spreading but curving upwards, the lower pairs very oblique,
slightly prominent on the lower surface; length 3 to 5 in., breadth
1:25 to 2°5 in., petiolules -2 to°3 in. Panicles axillary and terminal,
shorter than or as long as the leaves, many-branched, rusty-pubescent.
Flowers rather crowded on the short ultimate branchlets, *25 in. long,
on pedicels shorter than themselves. Sepals and petals as in OC. semide-
candrus. Stamens 10, the one row only slightly shorter than the other.
Pistil longer than the stamens and petals; the ovary ovate-rotund,
rusty-tomentose, the style pubescent; stigma sub-capitate. follicles

6 .

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 7

sub-rhomboidal, compressed, with a short stout apical point, glabrous,
obliquely striate; pericarp leathery inside, sericeous, 1:25 to 1:4 in.
long, and about 1 in. broad, the stalk ‘4 in. long. Seed nearly 1 in.
long, oblong, blunt at both ends, black, with an arillus obliquely cover-
ing its lower half. Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 52; Kurz For. Flora
Burma, II, 326.
The Andaman Islands.— Distris. Burma.

This may be distinguished from C. semidecandrus by its larger follicles, and

larger seeds much more extensively covered by arillus. The inner surface of the
pericarp in this is glabrous ; in C. semidecandrus it is sparsely sericeous.

8. CONNARUS GRANDIS, Jack in Mal. Misc. 2, VII, 40. Scandent,
‘all parts except the inflorescence quite glabrous. Leaves 9 to 12 in.
tong, their rachises stout; leaflets 3 to 5, very coriaceous, elliptic-
oblong, acute or obtusely acuminate, the base rounded or sub-cuneate ;
both surfaces, but especially the upper, shining, the lower reticulate
when dry ; main nerves 9 or 10 pairs, oblique, faint ; length 4 to 12 in,
breadth 1°5 to 4 in. ; petiolules of the lateral leaflets about ‘5 in., of the
terminal -75 in. Panicles often as long us the leaves, terminal or
axillary, spreading, with a few spike-like branches, rusty-tomentose.
Flowers sessile, ‘25 in. long Sepals tomentose outside, linear-oblong,
obtuse. Petals twice as long, linear, dilated upwards, glabrescent.
Filaments puberulous. Follicles obliquely ovoid, sub-rhomboidal, com-
pressed, glabrous, slightly and obliquely rugulose when dry, tapering
to a.short pseudo-stalk, 1:5 to 1:75 in. long, and about 1 in. broad ;
pericarp woody, sericeous inside. Planchon in Linnea, XXIII, 429;
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 53. C0. Wallichii, Planch, 1. ¢. 426; Kurz
For. Flora Burma, I, 328. Connaracea, Wall. Cat., 8538 A. B. (in part).

In all the provinces except the Nicobars and Andamans.

9. CONNARUS ELLIPTICUS, King n. spec. Scandent; young branches
deciduously rusty-pubescent, the bark dark and polished. Leaves 8 to
15 in. long, everywhere glabrous; leaflets coriaceous, 3 to 5, elliptic-
oblong to elliptic, acute or shortly acuminate, the base rounded or sub-
cuneate, upper surface very shining when dry; the lower paler, reticu-
late and less shining; main nerves 5 pairs, oblique, rather prominent
beneath ; length 45 to 7in., breadth 2 to 3 in.; petiolules -2 to -3 in.,
rugulose, pale. Panicles axillary and shorter, or terminal and longer
than the leaves, minutely rusty-pubescent, the branches obliquely
spreading, the ultimate branchlets short. Flowers -25 in. long, on
pedicels slightly shorter than themselves. Segments of the calyx ovate-
lanceolate, acute, rusty-tomentose outside, glabrescent inside, about as
long as the pistil and half as long as the linear acute glabrous petals.
Stamens 5 perfect nearly as long as the petals, and 5 abortive (without

7

8 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

anthers) shorter than the pistil; filaments glabrescent or glabrous,
those of the perfect stamens dilated at the base. Ovary pubescent,
style glabrous, stigma discoid-capitate. ollicles broad, obliquely sub-
rhomboid, tapered to the base, the dorsal suture straight and ending in
a conical point, the ventral compressed and widely curved, glabrous, red
when ripe, 2°5 in. long and 1°5 in. broad; pericarp woody, adpressed-
pubescent on its inner surface. Seed oblong, flat; the testa black, half
covered by a thin basal arillus. LHrythrostigma ellipticum, Zoll. in
Tijdsch. Ned. Ind. XIV, 174.

Singapore; Ridley, No. 1380. Perak; King’s Collectors, Nos. 4090,
4943, 5958, 7480, 8435. Wray; Nos. 1831, 2870, 2873; Scortechini,
No. 1689. Penang; Curtis.

There isa specimen in the Calcutta Herbarium collected by Kurz in the Buiten-
zorg garden which exactly agrees with this. That specimen is named Erythrostigma
ellipticum Zoll.; and it ison the strength of this identification of Kurz’s that I
have included this synonym here. For Zollinger (who refers the genus Erythros-
tigma to Anacardiacee) defines his three species (1. c.) H. ellipticum, E. obliquum
and E. villosum so briefly and imperfectly, that it is quite impossible, from his des-
criptions alone, to identify any of them.

2. Huwipantuus, Hook. f.

Trees or erect shrubs. Leaves with 1 leaflet, quite entire. Racemes
or cymes axillary, short. Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous. Sepals
5, not enlarged in fruit, sub-erect, valvate. Petals 5, longer than the
sepals, oblong-lanceolate, densely pubescent. Stamens 10, 5 shorter
without anthers; filaments short, subulate, connate at the base. Ovary
1, pubescent; style short. Follicle stalked, oblique, velvetty ; valves
glabrous within. Seed arillate, albumen 0; cotyledons plano-convex.—
Disrrip. 12 species; Malayan Peninsula and Islands.

Both surfaces of leaves quite glabrous.
Leaflet narrowly elliptic-oblong, tapering to each end;
follicles ‘5 in. long is sen E. Scortechiniz.
Leaflet elliptic-ovate to elliptic ; follicle 1 in. long .. 2. £. calophyllus,
Under surfaces of leaves hairy.
Leaflet oblong-lanceolate, 2°5 to 3°5 in. long; flowers in
short panicles bea 3. E. Curtisii.
Leaflets ovate- or oblong-elliptic to elliptic, 4 to 6 in. iene
Flowers in racemes, follicle with a pseudo-stalk only *2
in. long ... 4. EH. Grifithi.
Flowers in dense eaiiagitoaa sestapits follicle gibbous ai
the base on one side, its pseudo-stalk about lin. long .. 5. EH. gibbosus.

Ig

1, Excteantaus Scorrecuinil, King n. spec. A small tree; young
branches with pale cinereous bark, pubescent. Leaflet thinly coriaceous,
narrowly elliptic-oblong, tapering from the middle to either end, the

8

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 9

apex caudate-acuminate ; both surfaces glabrous, the upper shining ; the
lower dull, minutely reticulate; main nerves 4 pairs, curved, ascending,
prominent on the lower surface; length 4°5 to 7 in., breadth 1°25 to 2
in., petiole "1 to ‘15 in. Cymes axillary, very short, tawny-tomentose.
Calyx thick; the lobes deep, ovate, obtuse, cinereous-tomentose. Petals
slightly longer than the calyx, membranous. Follicles cinereous-tomen-
tose, obliquely elliptic, sub-compressed, grooved along the suture, almost
straight, the apex rather blunt with an abrupt small apiculus, the base
slightly and suddenly contracted into a short stout pseudo-stalk covered
by the persistent calyx; length ‘5 in., breadth ‘3 in. ; pericarp thick,
glabrous inside. Seed oblong with a large hilum and thin arillus.

Perak ; Scortechini No. 607.

Gathered only by the late Father Scortechini whose specimiens are in fruit, and
from whose field notes the foregoing description of the flower has been taken.

2. HLLIPANTHOUS CALOPHYLLUS, Kurz Andam. Report, Append. B. 6.
A small tree; young branches slender, glabrous. Leaflet coriaceous,
elliptic to elliptic-ovate, sometimes oblong-lanceolate, shortly caudate-
acuminate, the base rounded or slightly and abruptly cuneate; both
surfaces glabrous; the upper shining when dry; the lower dull, minute-
ly reticulate ; main nerves 4 or 5 pairs, spreading, curving upwards, inter-
arching freely ; length 4°5 to 6'5 in., breadth 2 to 2:25 in.; petiole -75 to
1 in., the joint near the apex. Cymes axillary, shorter than the petioles,
minutely tawny-tomentose. Flowers ‘3 in. long; on pedicels shorter

_than themselves. Calyx lobes broadly ovate, sub-acute, tawny-tomentose
outside, less than half as long as the linear-oblong densely velvetty
obtuse petals. Stamens the 5 perfect shorter than the petals and with
very pubescent filaments ; the 5 abortive much shorter and more slender,
anantherous. Ovary narrowly ovoid, sericeous. Style rather short,
stigma sub-capitate. Follicles obovoid or ellipsoid, slightly compressed,
blunt, rusty-tomentose, 1 in. long ; pericarp thick, woody, glabrous with-
in: Kurz Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1872, Pt. II, 305; For. Flora Burma I,
329; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. TI, 55. —

‘Anddmin Islands; Kurz, King’s Collectors.

3. Exupanraus Currisit, King n. spec. A tree; young branches
rusty-puberulous, the bark dark. Leaflet thinly coriaceous, oblong-lan-
ceolate, tapering to each end, the apex caudate-acuminate ; upper surface
glabrous, shining ; the lower reticulate, sparsely pubescent, the midrib
tomentose; main nerves 7 or 8 pairs, curving obliquely upwards, promi-
nent beneath; length 2°5 to 3'5 in., breadth ‘8 to 1°5 in., petiole “3 in,,
tomentose. Panices axillary, branching from the base, 5 to ‘7 in. long,
sericeous. Flowers ‘2 in. long, on pedicels shorter than themselves.
Segments of the calyx ovate-lanceolate, thick, tomentose on the outer,

“9

Ca Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

glabrescent on the inner surface, less than half as long as the petals
and pistil. Petals narrowly oblong, sub-acute, pubescent on the outer,
elabrescent on the inner surface. The 5 fertile stamens as long as the
ovary, glabrous, the anthers broadly ovate, the filaments much dilated
at the base, the 5 alternate much smaller and without anthers. Ovary
oblong, sericeous-tomentose, longer than the stout pubescent style;
stigma capitate-discoid. Fruit unknown.
Penang; Curtis Nos. 1014, 1097,

The nearest ally of this appears to be the imperfectly known E. Helferi, Hook.
fil. from Tenasserim, of which the type is Helfer’s No. 1253; but the leaves of this
are much more pubescent on the lower and more shining on the upper surface. The
flowers of this are moreover larger.

4. Excrantuus Grirrirat, Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 56. A small
tree ? Young branches slender, rusty-pubescent. Leaflet thinly coria-
ceous, ovate-elliptic, caudate-acuminate, the base abruptly sub-cuneate ;
upper surface glabrous, shining, the lower sparsely rusty-pubescent,
the midrib and nerves almost tomentose; main nerves 9 or 10
pairs, spreading, interarching, prominent beneath ; length 4 to 5 in.,
breadth 1:5 to 2 in., petiole ‘2 to ‘25 in. Racemes ‘25 in. long, few-
flowered ; calyx deeply divided into 5 ovate-lanceolate teeth, adpress-
ed-pubescent. Follicles compressed, much curved, the apex beaked,
narrowed at the base to a pseudo-stalk ‘2 in. long which is embraced
by the persistent calyx, rufous tomentose outside, ‘75 in. long; the
pericarp coriaceous, glabrous inside.

Mallacca; Griffith No. 1253.—Distris. Borneo.

5. ELLIPANTHUS GiBBosUS, King n. spec. A small tree; young
branches slender, rusty-tomentose. Leaflet elliptic or oblong-elliptic,
sometimes slightly obovate, shortly and rather abruptly caudate-acumi-
nate, the base cuneate ; upper surface quite glabrous ; the lower sparsely
adpressed-pubescent, the midrib densely so; main nerves 7 or 8 pairs,
spreading but curved upwards, prominent on the lower surface when
dry; length 4°5 to 6°5 in., breadth 1°75 to 2°75 in., petiole ‘5 or °6 in.
long, tomentose, stout, the joint near the apex. Flowers ‘1 in. long, in |
dense many-flowered capituloid axillary cymes, sub-sessile. Calyz-teeth
lanceolate, tawny-tomentose externally, glabrous internally. Petals
broader than the sepals and sometimes also longer, imbricate, tomentose ©
outside, glabrous inside. Stamens 5 or 6 fertile with broadly ovate
anthers, and 95- alternate smaller and abortive; the filaments of all
united by their expanded bases. Ovary villous, style about as long as the
stamens, stigma discoid. follicle narrowly oblong, compressed, the
apex produced into a long conical beak; the base gibbous at one side,
contracted below the gibbosity into a curved pseudo-stalk about an inch

10 .

Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula. 1h

long, everywhere pale rusty-tomentose ; length of follicle and beak equal
to that of the. pseudo-stalk; pericarp leathery, glabrous inside. Seed
arillate at the base, testa black.

Perak; very common, Scortechini, Wray, Curtis, King’s Collectors.

3. Rourga, AUBL.

Scandent or sarmentose shrubs. Leaves unequally pinnate, some-
times with only one leaflet; leaflets subopposite or alternate. Ra-
cemes or panicles axillary. Flowers small; pedicels usually slender.
Sepals 5, orbicular, imbricate, enlarged and clasping the base of the
ripe capsule. Petals 5, usually linear-oblong. Stamens 10; filaments
connate at the base. Ovaries 5, 4 usually imperfect; style slen-
der. Follicle sessile, curved. Seed erect, arillate, exalbuminous.—
Distriz. Tropics; species about 52.

Leaflets not more than 7, petiolulate, glabrous.
Leaves with usually a single leaflet ... poe - 1. RB. anomala.
Leaves with 3 to 9, rarely 11, leaflets ; inflorescence ebrac-

teolate, or the bracteoles (if any) fugacious.
Leaflets glaucous on the lower surface ie wee 6-2.) Re acuminata.
Leaflets not glaucous on the lower surface.
Leaves 8 to 12 in. leng; leaflets elliptic-lanceolate
to elliptic, their main nerves 2 to 5 pairs, curving
abruptly upwards; flowers ‘35 in. indiam.,in racemes
or panicles, flower buds ovoid Re .. & BR. commutata,
Leaves 3 to 7 in. long; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, their
main nerves 4 or 5 pairs, faint, spreading ; flowers °25
in. in diam. ; flower buds ovoid we. 4. &, pulchella.
Leaves 3°5 ns 6 in. long; leaflets 3 siete 5, broadly
ovate or ovate-orbicular with broad rounded bases;
their main nerves about 4 pairs, spreading, faint;
flower-buds globose ese .. OO} RK. humilis. °
Leaflets very numerous (17 to 40), small, sessile, Blehiot
Leaflets shortly and bluntly acuminate, pubescent beneath... 6. RB. rugosa.
Leaflets bifid at the apex, minutely dotted and sparsely

pubescent beneath a =o sir . @ RB. parallela,
Leaflets with obtuse rounded apices.
Lower surface of leaflets rusty-sericeous pe w. 8. R. fulgens.
Lower surface of leaflets. minutely dotted, reticulate,
glabrous w+. hab ase eas .. 9. BR. concolor.

1. Rourga anomata, King n.spec. A powerful woody perfectly glab-
rous creeper, Leaves either simple or ternate; leaflets coriaceous, ovate-
elliptic to broadly ovate, shortly and bluntly caudate-acuminate, the
base rounded and usually broad; both surfaces shining and minutely
reticulate when dry; main nerves about 6 pairs, curving upwards,

| fe

12 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

faint ; length of the simple leaves and of the terminal leaflet of the
ternate leaves 3:25 to 4°5 in., breadth 1°6 to 2’2 in.; petiolules about -2
in., those of the lateral leaflets shorter. Racemes slender, shorter than
the leaves, in fascicles in the leaf-axils, laxly-flowered. #lowers ‘35 in,
long, on slender pedicels of about the same length. Segments of calyx
ovate-orbicular, sub-oblique, puberulous outside, their edges ciliate, only
about one-third of the length of the linear-oblong glabrous petals.
Stamens much shorter than the petals and than the glabrous pistils,
Follicles obliquely ovoid, sub-compressed, blunt, yellowish with a red
tinge when ripe, 1 in. long. Seed with a soft red arillus.

Penang; Curtis No. 504. Perak; King’s Collector Nos. 804, 953,
3066, 3866, 4527, 4622, 6755, 8312, 10542, 10863. Wray, No, 3799;
Scortechini. i

This resembles R. simplicifolia Bl. in having both simple and compound leaves;
but that is a smaller plant with puberulous inflorescence, and different follicles.

2. Rourea acuminata, Hook. fil. Fl, Br, Ind. II, 48. A powerful
woody perfectly glabrous creeper often over 100 feet long ; young branch-
es glabrous, often minutely lenticellate. Leaves 3 to 9 in. long, the
rachis slender; leaflets 5.to 11, thinly coriaceous, oblong, lanceolate
or elliptic-oblong, sometimes somewhat obovate, abruptly shortly and
bluntly caudate-acuminate, slightly narrowed to the rounded base or
with broad minutely cordate base; upper surface shining, the lower dull
and glaucous, both minutely reticulate when dry; main nerves about
5 pairs, very faint, spreading; length 1'5 to 2:25 in., breadth 65 to ‘9
in. ; petiolules under ‘1 in., the terminal one slightly larger. Racemes
very slender, lax, several from an axil. Flowers ‘3 in. long, on slender
pedicels of about the same length. Sepals ovate-rotund, about half as
long as the narrowly oblong glabrous sepals, glabrous, the edges minutely
ciliolate, Stamens shorter than the petals and glabrous pistils, Follicle
narrowly ovate, curved, pointed, ‘75 in. long, when ripe red tipped with
yellow. Onestis acuminata, Wall, Cat, 8533.

Singapore; Wallich, Perak; King’s Collector Nos. 866, 4271, 6987,
7781, 10599, 10871. _

3, Rovures commurata, Planch. in Linnaea, XXIII, 420. Shrubby,
scandent; young branches puberulous becoming glabrous, sometimes
minutely lenticellate. Leaves 8 to 12 in. long, glabrous; leaflets 3 to 7,
thinly coriaceous, sub-opposite, elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic, sub-obtuse-
ly caudate-acuminate, the base rounded, both surfaces shining; main
nerves 2 to 5 pairs, curved, rather abruptly ascending ; length 2°5 to 6
in., breadth 1:35 to 2°25 in.; petiolules +15 to ‘2 in., the terminal one
larger. Flowers ‘35 in. in diam., in glabrous racemes or racemoid pani-
cles much shorter than the leaves and clustered in their axils, pedicels

12

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 13

shorter than the flowers. Sepals broadly ovate, blunt, pubescent. Petals
linear-oblong, broadly ovate. Stamens 10, alternately shorter than the,
filaments, expanded towards the base and united by their edges; ovaries
slightly hairy on the inner side, styles glabrous. Follicles obliquely
ovate-oblong, pointed, coriaceous, glabrous, ‘75 to 1 in. long. Seed ovate,
covered by an orange-coloured arillus. Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 47;
Kurz For. Flora Burma I, 324. Cnestis monadelpha, Roxb. FI. Ind. II,
454. Connaracea, Wall. Cat., 8547, 8548.

Andaman and Nicobar Islands.—Distris. Burma, Chittagong,
Sylhet and Assam.

The present species (published in 1850), R. pulchella, Blume (1850), and L. humilis,
Planch, (1850), differ from each other so little that I am not sure that they should
not be reduced to one, in which case the species might be named Rowrea monadelpha,
the earliest published name of any of them being @nestis monadelpha, Roxb. (1832).

4, Rovurgea PULCHELLA, Planch. in Linnaea XXIII, 419. Scandent,
woody, quite glabrous. Leaves 3 to 7 in. long; leaflets 3 to 7, thinly
coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate, obtusely caudate-acuminate, thé upper sur-
face very shining, the lower less so, both reticulate ; main nerves 4 or 5
pairs, spreading, faint ; length 1°5 to 3 in., breadth °75 to 1°6 in. ; petio-
Jules ‘15 in., slender. Racemes crowded in the axils, shorter than the
leaves, Flowers ‘25 in. in diam., the pedicels of the same length, slender.
Sepals broadly ovate, acute, ciliolate, half as long as the petals, linear-
oblong. Pistils 5, ovaries pilose, styles slender. Follicle stout, curved,
pointed, glabrous, ‘6 in. long, red when ripe. Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT. 48.

_ Malacca; Griffith, No, 1265, Maingay, No, 501 (Kew Distrib.) ;
Ridley, No, 1449. Singapore, Ridley, Nos. 2028, 3981. Perak; Wray,
Nos. 1167, 3774.

3. Rourza yumiLis, Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I, 262, Scandent,
woody, glabrous. Leaves 3°5 to6 in. long, the rachises slender; leaf-
lets 3 rarely 5, coriaceous, broadly ovate or ovate-orbicular, abruptly
and obtusely caudate-acuminate, the base rounded, rarely sub-cuneate,
upper surface very shining, the lower less so and more distinctly reti-
culate; main nerves about 4 pairs, spreading, faint; length 1°5 to 3 in,,
breadth 1 to 2°25 in. petiolules about ‘2 in., the terminal leaflet the
largest. Racemes axillary, clustered, slender, few-flowered ; the buds
sub-globose, on pedicels of about their own length. Calyz-lobes sub-
orbicular, glabrous. Stamens shorter than the calyx, much shorter than.
the styles. Jollicles cylindric, pointed, coriaceous, glabrous, *75 in. long,

Nicobar Islands ; Jelinek, No. 140. Kurz. Penang; Curtis, No. 2285.
Pahang, Ridley, Nos. 2645, 5121; Singapore. Perak; King’s Col-
lector, No. 4677, Scortechini,— Disrris. Sumatra, Borneo.

Distinguished chiefly by its broadly ovate coriaceous leaves, very shining on the
upper surface aud with broad bases.

13

14 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

6. Rovrea rvGosA, Planch. in Linnaea XXIII, 422. A stout woody
climber; young branches densely cinereous-tomentose. Leaves thinly
coriaceous, 12 to 15 in. long, the rachises tomentose ; leaflets 8 to 15
pairs, sub-sessile, sub-opposite, narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate,
shortly and bluntly acuminate, rarely acute, the bases rounded or
minutely cordate ; upper surface glabrous, smoooth ; the lower reticulate,
sparsely pubescent, the midrib tomentose; main nerves 8 or 9 pairs,
spreading, interarching very freely, prominent; length 2 to 3°25 in.,
breadth ‘6 to 1:25 in. Panicles shorter than the leaves, crowded in the
leaf-axils, pubescent, many-flowered. Flowers about 2 in. long, their
pedicels shorter. Sepals rotund, pubescent, half as long as the petals.
Follicle about ‘75 in. long, pointed, glabrous, striate. Seed ovoid, api-
culate, about ‘5 in. long. Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 46. Connarus-rugosus,
Wall. Cat. 8527,

Singapore; Wallich. Malacca; Griffith, Maingay. Penang;
Porter, Curtis. Perak ; King’s Collector, Wray.

7. Rourke PARALLELA, Planch. in Linnaea XXIII, 421. A power-
ful woody climber often 150 feet long; young branches cinereous-
pubescent. Leaves 2 to 6 in. long, their rachises with crisped pubescence ;
leaflets coriaceous, sessile, 10 to "22 pairs, opposite or sub-opposite, oblong,
the apex broad, shortly bifid ; the base minutely cordate, slightly oblique ;
upper surface glabrous, shining ; the lower with very minute pale dots,
sparsely pubescent especially on the midrib; main nerves aboat 6 pairs,
faint; length ‘5 to °75 in., breadth ‘25 to ‘Bin. MRacemes in axillary
clusters, shorter than the leaves; the rachises slender, tomentose.
Flowers not crowded, °3 in. in diam. and °2 in. long, the pedicels slightly
shorter. Sepals puberulous, half as long as the petals, broadly ob-
lanceolate, sub-glabrous. follicles when ripe bright red with yellow
tips, glabrous, ‘6 to ‘7 in. long, pointed. Seed elliptic, keeled on one
side, ‘3 in. long. Under C. similis, Bl. in Hook. fil. FI. Br. Ind. II, 50.
Connarus mimusoides, Vahl. ? Wall. Cat. 8526 C.

Penang; Porter; Curtis, No. 473. Malacca; Maingay, No. 498.
Perak; King’s Collector, Nos. 2580, 4802, 8405, 10119, 10592,
10896; Scortechini. Singapore; Anderson, Ridley. Kedah, Curtis,
No. 2629.

Blume’s species R. similis (Mus. Lugd. Bat. I, 264 (September, 1850), is stated
by its author to be very near to this, and indeed Sir Joseph Hooker (FI. Br. Ind. II,
50) has taken Blume’s name in preference to Planchon’s. R. sororia, Planch. from
Borneo must, from the description, be also very near this.

Var. major. Flowers ‘3 in. long and ‘39 in. in diam, in lax ania
leaflets nearly 1 in. long.

Perak ; King’s Collector, No. 5516,

14 |

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 15

8. Rovrea FruLGENs, Planch, in Linnaea, XXIII, 423. A woody
climber; young branches minutely and deciduously rusty-tomentose.
Leaves 3 to 5 in. long, the rachis tomentose ; leaflets 12 to 24 pairs, thin-
ly coriaceous, oblong, slightly oblique, entire, obtuse, the base rounded
or sub-cordate, usually oblique; upper surface glabrous, reticulate,
minutely rugulose when dry, the lower rather densely covered with
rusty silky pubescence; length 4 to ‘65 in., breadth °15 to 25 in.
Racemes axillary, solitary, shorter than the leaves, pubescent, pedicels
short. Flowers unknown. Jollicles ‘75 in. long, much curved. Hook.
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 46. Connarus fulgens, Wall. Cat. 8524.

_ Singapore; Wallich; Ridley, Nos. 2027, 4568. Malacca; Maingay,
No. 499.

9. Rourea concotor, Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. J, 264. A woody
climber; young branches rusty-pubescent. Leaves 1 to 4 in. long, the
rachises tomentose ; leaflets 4 to 16 pairs, thinly coriaceous, sub-sessile,
broadly oblong, with very obtuse or truncate apex and broad oblique
minutely cordate base; both surfaces glabrous, the upper shining, the
lower minutely dotted and boldly reticulate; main nerves about 3 pairs,
spreading ; length 3°5 to5in., breadth 1°5 to 3in. Racemes about as
long as the leaves, axillary, slender, rusty-tomentose ; pedicels slender,
"25 in. long, as long as the flowers. Sepals orbicular, only half as long
as the oblong petals, stamens as long as the petals. Follicles *5 to -75
in. long, pointed. Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 49. RB. parvifolia, Planch.
in Linnaea, Vol. XXIII, 420. Connarus mimusoides, Wall. (not Vahl.)
Cat. 8526 B. CQnestis mimusoides, Jack in Mal. Misc. Vol. II, VII, 44.

Singapore; Prince, Ridley, No. 2026, Hullett. Malacca; Griffith,
No. 1262 (Kew Distrib.) Perak; King’s Collector, No, 4373.—Disrrin.
Sumatra; Forbes, No. 3169. Borneo.

4, Rourgopsis, Planch.

Sarmentose or scandent shrubs. Leaves unequally-pinnate, leaflets
few. Flowers in axillary racemes; pedicels slender, bracteolate at the
base. Sepals oblong, slightly imbricate, somewhat enlarged and spread-
ing, but not clasping the base of the capsule. Petals linear-oblong.
Stamens 10, the alternate longer. Ovaries 5, styles slender. Capsule
linear-oblong, straight. Seed ovoid; testa thin, black, arilliform at the ~
base ; cotyledons amygdaloid.— Distris. Species 3, all Malayan.

This genus differs from Rourea in having straight (not curved) follicles, at the
base of which the persistent sepals are free, and also in having bracteoles at the base
of the pedicels.

_ Leaflets puberulous beneath We Soa cont RH pubinervis.
” quite glabr ous soe aoe eee ee 2. R. Scortechinit.

b

16 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

1. RovREOPSIS PUBINERVIS, Planch. in Linnaea, XXIII, 424. A
woody climber, sometimes as long’as 50 feet; young branches with pale
striate puberulous bark. Leaves 2°5 to 5 in. long, the rachises pube-
scent; leaflets membranous, 5 to 9, (the terminal one larger than the
others), narrowly ovate-elliptic, tapering to each end, the apex abrupt
and notched, the base cuneate; upper surface glabrous; the lower
paler, puberulous on the midrib and sometimes on the nerves; main
nerves 4 or 5, inter-arching, not much more prominent than the inter-
mediate nerves; length of lateral leaflets :7 to 1°7 in., breadth ‘5 to
‘75 in. Racemes slender, shorter than the leaves, solitary or in fascicles
of 2 or 3 in the leaf axils, laxly few-flowered. Flowers ‘35 in, long ;
their pedicels of about the same length, each with a minute pubescent per-
sistent bracteole at its base. Sepals broadly oblong, obtuse, pilose near
the apex, about half as long as the linear-oblong sub-acute glabrous
petals. Stamens shorter than the sepals and pistils; ovaries pubescent.
Follicles ovate, ‘5 or ‘6 in. long, not curved ; the persistent calyx-lobes
free, erect, about one-third as long as the fruit. Hook, fil, Fl: Br. Ind.,
II, 50. Indeterminata, Wall. Cat. 9050,

Penang; Porter; Curtis, 2332 and 2749. Malacca; Griffith, Maingay
No. 500. Perak; very common, Scortechini, King’s Collector.— Distris.
Java.

2. Rovursorsis Scorrecninu, King n. sp. A slender sarmentose
woody shrub, all parts except the inflorescence glabrous, young branches
minutely lenticellate Leaves 6 to 10 in. long, the rachis rather
slender ; leaflets 7 to 9, sub-opposite, very thinly coriaceous, ovate-lan-
ceolate, tapering from below the middle to the long rather blunt acumi-
nate point, the base cuneate; upper surface shining, the lower rather
dull, paler and conspicuously reticulate; main nerves about 4 pairs,
_ faint, the lower very oblique; length 2°25 to 3 in., breadth 1 to 1°25 in.,
petiolules about ‘1 in., stout; the lowest leaflets the smallest. Racemes
slender, axillary, 1 to 2 in. long, laxly-flowered, minutely and sparsely
rusty-pubescent. Flowers about ‘25 in. long, on slender pedicels about
*2 in. long, each pedicel with a minute rusty-tomentose bracteole at its
base. Calya-lobes ovate, obtuse, ciliolate, hairy inside, glabrous outside.
Petals longer than the calyx, lanceolate, plicate in bud, yellowish.
Filaments slightly coherent at the base, glabrous. Paustils 5, only 1 or
2 fertile. Fruit narrowly ovoid, not curved, pointed, coriaceous, glab-
rous, 1 in. long.

Perak ; Scortechini, No. 613. Curtis (elevation 5,000 feet), No. 1998.

Scortechini’s specimens have flowers in bud only, and none of them is in fruit.
The foregoing description, as respects the flower, is copied from his field note. The
fruit is described from what I take to be the same plant collected by Curtis in
Perak at an elevation of 5,000 feet and described by him as a small tree.

16

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula... 17.

5, Acenz4, Soland.

Erect or scandent shrubs. “Leaves 3-rarely 5-foliolate. Panicles or
racemes axillary. Calyx 5-partite, not accrescent nor embracing the fruit,
imbricate or subvalvate. Petals lanceolate or ligulate, obtuse, free or
connate at the middle. Stamens 5 or 10. Disc $-annular or 0. Pistils
2-5. Follicles 1-3, sessile or shortly stalked, coriaceous, rugose or
lamellate. Seed erect, exalbuminous; testa arilliform below the middle.
—Distris. 12 species, African and Asiatic.

Main nerves of leaflets 2 or 3 pairs, sub-erect, curving.
All parts more or less pubescent, stamens 5 eae -. I. A. vestita.
All parts, except the inflorescence, glabrous; stamens 10 ... 2. A. Wallichw.
Main nerves of leaflets 7 to 10 pairs, spreading.
Leaflets 3 to 5, all parts more orless pubescent; stamens5.. 3. A. ak ohiig:
Leaflets never more than 3, adult leaves sah glabrous ;
stamens10 ..,. w- 4 A, Hullettic.

1, AGELHA VESTITA, Hook, fil. FL Br. Ind. II, 46. A rather slender
woody creeper 20 to 80 feet long; young branches at first rusty-tomen-
tose but soon becoming sub-glabrous or glabrous. Leaflets membranous,
unequal, more or less ovate or elliptic, with rounded base and caudate-
acuminate apex; the terminal one the larger, sometimes ovate-rotund
to sub-rhomboidal; its petiolule ‘5 or more in length, swollen at the
apex; the lateral leaflets inequilateral, the petiolule only *1 or ‘2 in. long;
upper surface of all sparsely adpressed-pubescent, the midrib and
nerves tomentose; lower surface pubescent; main nerves about 3 pairs
(one pair sub-marginal), much curved, prominent as are the intermediate ~
nerves and reticulations; length of the lateral leaflets 2°5 to 3 in,
breadth 1:25 to 1°75 in., the terminal one larger. Panicles extra-arillary,
less than 1 in. long, tomentose, with many short branches. Flowers
under ‘2 in. long, on slender pedicels. Calyx cleft to the very base; the
segments unequal, linear, tomentose, shorter than the glabrous yellowish
oblanceolate or linear petals. Stamens 5, unequal. Styles 2 to 5, slender,
with a few white hairs. follicles solitary, bright red, rarely in pairs,
ovoid, boldly tuberculate or lamellate externally and tomentose, about.
‘6 to ‘8 in. long, . usually with a short curved stout apical beak. Seed
narrowly sub-obovoid, black, *4 in. long, pale and arilliform near the
base. Onestis vestita, Wall. in Herb. Linn. Soc. Oonnaracea, Wall. Cat.
8535, Hemiandrina borneensis, Hook. f. in. Trans. Linn. Soc. xxxiii.-
171, t. 28. Troostwyckia singularis, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 531.

Singapore; Jack, Ridley. Penang; Porter, Curtis. Malacca;
Griffith, Maingay. Perak; King’s Collector, mich Johore,
Ridley.— Distris. Sumatra, Borneo.

A very common species in Perak. The arillus of the seed is very inconspicuous
17

18 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

in dried specimens. The number of the pistils varies from 2 to 5. There are in
the Kew Herbarium fruiting specimens of*a plant collected by Griffith which exactly
resembles this except tkat its fruits (which are immature) are non-tnbereulate and
are covered with a dense coating of long silky tawny hairs. The same plant was
collected by the Calcutta Garden Collector (No. 6878), but also without flowers.
I believe the dense hairiness of the fruit of both gatherings to be due to the irrita-
tion caused by the deposit of the eggs of some insect in the young fruit.

9, Acep#a Watuicuu, Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 47. <A slender,
woody creeper 20 to 50 feet long, all parts except the inflorescence
glabrous. Leaflets coriaceous, slightly unequal, ovate-elliptic, with
rounded or cuneate bases and short caudate-acuminate apices; the petio-
lule of the terminal leaflet about 1 in. long, thickened near the apex ;
the petiolules of the lateral leaflets about “25 m. long; both surfaces
shining, the lower reticulate; length 3 to 4°5 in.; breadth 15 to 2°25
in.; main nerves 2 or 3 pairs, ascending, much curved, one pair sub-
marginal. Panicles under 1 in. long, extra-axillary, pubescent. Flowers
‘25 in. in diam., on pedicels longer than themselves. Calya divided for
three-fourths of its length into 5 ovate-lanceolate imbricate segments,
sparsely pubescent externally, glabrous internally, their edges densely
sericeous, Petals longer and narrower than the segments of the calyx,
glabrous, linear, sub-acute. Stamens 10, sub-equal, longer than the
styles, much shorter than the petals. /Pzstzls 5, very short, stout,
Follicle usually solitary, bright red when ripe, ovoid, curved, shortly
beaked, covered outside with short obtuse tubercles and minutely rusty-
tomentose, inside glabrous, *6 in. long. Seed oblong, black, its lower
half pale and arilliform. Connaracea, Wall. Cat., 8544.

Singapore; Wallich. Malacca; Griffith (Kew Distrib,) No. 1275,
Maingay, No. 511, Derry, No, 69. Penang; Curtis, Nos. 1633 and 3032.
Perak ; Wray, No. 48, Scortechini, No. 1730, King’s Collector, No, 3735.
—Distris. Sumatra, Forbes, No. 2589. |

3. AGELHA PinnaTA, King n. spec. A woody climber 30 to 40 feet
long; young branches rusty-puberulous, striate. Leaflets 3 to 5, thinly
coriaceous, unequal, (the middle the largest), elliptic, broadly and
shortly caudate-acuminate, the base rounded or sub-cuneate ; upper
surface glabrous except the minutely pubescent midrib; lower surface
minutely sub-adpressed pubescent, the transverse veins distinct; the
midrib tomentose; main nerves 7 to 10 pairs, spreading and curving
upwards, prominent on the lower surface, slightly impressed on the
upper; length of the terminal leaflet 6 to 8 in., breadth 3 to 3°5 in.;
its petiolule jointed to the rachis and not longer than those of the lateral
slightly smaller leaflets. Panicles about 1-in. long, densely crowded in
the axils of the leaves, many-flowered, minutely tomentose. Flowers

3 in. long, their pedicels half as long. Calyx divided to the very base
18 7

Materials. for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula 19

into 5 linear acuminate reflexed segments, half as long as the petals,
tomentose externally. Pefals linear,‘ much acuminate, glabrous, white
inside and purple outside. Stamens 5, shorter than the pistils, the
anthers sub-globular. Pistils 5, the ovaries softly tomentose ; the styles
spreading, recurved ; the stigma bifid. Fruit unknown.

Perak; King’s Collector, No. 5425.

This differs notably from both the other species of this genus in its leaflets
having often 5 instead of 3 leaflets. Im the structure of its flowers, however, it
agrees perfectly with the diagnosis of the genus. It is more nearly allied to A.
vestita than to A. Wallichti, but it differs from both in the larger number of main
nerves in its leaves. Its flowers are moreover larger than these. of 4. vestita, and
the petals are differently coloured.

4, Acer#a Hosietim, King n, spec. A woody creeper 15 to 20
feet long; young branches minutely tomentose. Leaflets 3, coriaceous ;
the terminal slightly the largest, narrowly elliptic-oblong ; the lateral
pair slightly oblique, all with acute apices and cuneate bases ; the petio-
lule of the terminal one from ‘5 to ‘75 in. long, jointed; those of the
lateral pair ‘25 in. long; upper surface glabrous and minutely pitted,
the lower finely reticulate, when young sub-lepidote and puberulons,
when adult glabrous; main nerves 7 or 8 pairs, spreading and curving
upwards, prominent on the lower and obsolete on the upper surface ;
some of the intermediate nearly as distinct; length of the terminal
‘leaflet 6 to 9 in., breadth 2 to 2'5 in., the lateral pair rather smaller.
Panicles less than 1 in. long, minutely tomentose, crowded in the
leaf-axils or from the axils of fallen leaves, many-flowered. Flowers
‘2 in. long and about the same across; their pedicels about ‘25 in. long.
Calyx divided for two-thirds of its length into 5 lanceolate segments,
tomentose outside, glabrescent inside. Petals longer than the sepals,
spreading, linear-oblong, glabrous, with a mesial rib, recurved from —
about the middle. Stamens 10, the alternate ones shorter, none of
them so long as the pistils. Ovaries narrowly oblong, tomentose. Styles
sub-glabrous, slightly diverging. Follicles 1 to 3, bright red when ripe,
woody, ovoid, shortly beaked, externally tubercled and minutely rusty-
tomentose, inside glabrous, length *5 to ‘65 in. Seed sub-cylindric, com-
pressed, the upper half black, the lower pale and arilliform, °5 in. long.

Singapore; Hullett, No. 841; Ridley, No. 4589. Perak; King’s
Collector, No. 5729. |

This is distinguished from A. pinnata by the leaflets being invariably 3 and the
stamens being only 5 while, in that species, there are often 5 leaflets and always 10
stamens. This resembles A. Wallichii in some respects, but it differs from that
species in having larger leaflets more cuneate at the base with acute, not caudate-
acuminate, apices and with more than twice as many main nerves. The leaflets of
the former are moreover quite glabrous at all stages, while in this the lower sur-

face of the young leaflets is puberulous and lepidote. :
19

‘20 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Note.

Connarus Diepenhorstii, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 529, (of which a type
specimen is in the Calcutta Herbarium) is unmistakeably a species of dgelza and
should be named Agelza Diepenhorstii. It is allied to A. Walliehii, Hook. fil., but
has larger leaflets and much longer racemes. To this belong Teysmann’s Sumatra
specimens from Prianam (Herb. Hort. Bogor., No. 2197), and Forbes’s from the

Lampongs in Sumatra, Nos. 1313 and 1386. 4

6. T#yx1ocHLzNnA, Hook. f.

A rambling shrub. Leaves unequally pinnate, glabrous; leaflets 3,
quite entire. Panicles axillary, short. Flowers hermaphrodite. Calya-
tube short, hemispheric; segments 5, enlarged and revolute in fruit,
valvate. Petals 5, much exceeding the calyx. Stamens 10, alternately
shorter, nearly free at the base. Ovaries 5, sessile ; styles short, stigmas
discoid. Follicles 1-8, ovoid, pubescent; valves glabrous within. Seed
oblong, arillate; albumen 0, cotyledons plano-convex.

TNIOCHLENA GrirFiTHit, Hook. fil, in Benth. and Hook. Gen. PL,
434; Fl. Br. Ind. II, 55. Young branches puberulous, and with pale
brown lenticels; all parts except the inflorescence quite glabrous.
Leaflets coriaceous, the terminal largest, elliptic to ovate-elliptic, with
sub-acute slightly bifid apices, slightly narrowed to the rounded base,
the edges slightly sub-revolute when dry; both surfaces shining, the
lower reticulate; main nerves 4 or 5 pairs, the lower pair sub-marginal,
all curved upwards, prominent on the lower and depressed on the
upper surface ; the petiolules of all jointed, ‘15 in. long; length of the
terminal leaflets 5 to 6°5 in., the laterals smaller. Panicles (fide Sir
J. D. Hooker) “2 to 3 in. long, fascicled, densely pubescent, slender.
Flowers rotate, ‘33 in. in diam. Segments of the calyx oblong, pubescent,
recurved in flower. Petals twice as long, linear, dilated upwards,
glabrous; filaments short, subulate. Follicles 2 or 3, ‘5 to 1 in. long,
obtuse, densely pubescent, valves coriaceous. Seed short, slightly com-
pressed, testa black, arillus small.”

Malacca; Griffith, Maingay, No. 497..

7, CweEstis, Juss.

Scandent shrubs or trees. Leaves unequally pinnate ; leaflets many,
quite entire. Flowers in racemes, tomentose, rarely panicled, polyga-
mous or diccious, rotate. Sepals 5, valvate or imbricate at the tip,
spreading in fruit. Petals 5, shorter or longer than the calyx. Stamens
10, free. Ovaries 5-7, sessile; styles short, stigmas capitellate. Capsules
1-3, kidney-shaped, cylindric, curved or waved, pubescent, often villous

or clothed with rigid aang within. Seed with a thin arillus, albumen
20 : F ; os Ue ahs :

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula, 21

fleshy, cotyledons thin.—Disrris. Tropical Asia and Africa; species ©
about 17. ; |

CNESTIS RAMIFLORA, Griff. Notul. IV, 432. A small tree or a
climber, young branches, rachises of leaves, under surfaces of leaflets
and inflorescence more or less softly rusty-tomentose. Leaves 8 to 15
in. long; leaflets 19 to 31, gub-sessile, narrowly oblong, rarely slightly
obovate, obtuse or sub-acute; the base broad, rounded or minutely
cordate; upper surface sparsely adpressed-pubescent or glabrescent, the
nerves pubescent; main nerves 4 or 9 pairs, spreading, faint; length
1:25 to 3 in., breadth 4 to 1°5 in. Racemes much shorter than the
leaves, in axillary fascicles. Female flowers about ‘35 in. in diam., the
males smaller. Sepals narrowly oblong, obtuse, pubescent on both
surfaces. Petals similar in shape to the sepals but sometimes longer,
glabrous. Stamens much shorter than the sepals, the filaments glabrous.
Disc and Ovaries 5, tomentose, styles short. Follicles 1 to 3 from one
flower, sessile, compressed, falcate, widest about the middle, much
curved, rugose, rusty-pubescent ; the pericarp very thick, woody, lined
inside with a dense layer of sericeous tomentum, 1°5 to 1°75 in. long
and °8 in. broad. Seed broad, compressed, the testa and arillus thin.
Kurz Journ. As. Soc. Beng. Vol. XLV, pt. 2, p. 216; For. Flora Burma,
I, 329; Hook, fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 54. (C. flaminea, Griff. Notul. VI, 433.
C. platantha, Griff. 1. c. 434; Kurz l.c. CQnestis foliosus and C. igneus,
Planch. MSS. in Herb. Kew. Connarus foliosus, Jack in Wall. Cat. 8529.
C. igneus; Wall: Cat. 8528. Rourea dasyphylla, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat.
Suppl. 528. .

In all the provinces, a common plant.— Distris. Burma, Sumatra,
Philippine Islands.

A widely distributed plant and therefore presenting various forms, some of
which (as the synonymy shows) have been regarded as species. The form which is
most distinct is that which assumes the habit of a small tree; but its flowers and
leaves are in no way different from those of the scandent forms. This was, how-
ever, kept separate by Kurz under the specific name C. ramiflora Griff.; while, for
the scandent forms, he kept the name C. platantha, Griff.

OrDER XXXVIII. LEGUMINOSA.
(By D. Praty.)

Herbs, shrubs or trees. Leaves stipulate and usually alternate,
pinnate or digitate or simple, often stipellate, sometimes with the rachis
ending in a bristle or tendril. Inflorescence axillary or leaf-opposed or
terminal ; usually simply racemose or panicled; bracts and bracteoles
usually both present. Flowers usually irregular, hermaphrodite, rarely
regular or polygamous. Sepals 5, combined or free, often unequal,

sometimes arranged in two lips. Petals 5, rarely fewer by ae: very

22 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula..

rarely 0, usually free and unequal. Stamens normally 10, perigynous
or almost hypogynous, rarely fewer by arrest, or indefinite ; filaments
free or variously combined ; anthers 2-celled, dehiscence almost always
longitudinal. Ovary free, style simple, cylindric, usually declinate ;
stigma capitate, terminal or oblique; ovules 1-co on the ventral suture.
Fruit usually dry, a pod splitting open along both sutures, sometimes
opening only along the ventral suture, sometimes continuous and in-
dehiscent, sometimes separating into one-seeded indehiscent segments.
Seeds usually exalbuminous; cotyledons foliaceous or amygdaloid, with
a straight or an inflexed accumbent radicle.

A very large order with three very natural suborders, including
altogether about 8,000 species. Of these suborders the Papilionacez
are cosmopolitan in distribution, the Cesalpiniese and the Mimosexe are
confined to the tropics and to warm temperate regions.

Petals imbricate :—
Calyx segments united above the level of the disc ;
the upper petal (standard) exterior (PAPILIONACE) :—
Stamens mon- or diadelphous :—
Pods dehiscent along both sutures :—
Leaves even-pinnate the rachis continued as a
tendril or bristle - ove
Leaves simple, digitate or odd-pinnate :—
Leaves simple sessile, or digitately 3-7-folio-
late; stamens monadelphous, anthers dimor-
phous... II. GENISTER.
Leaves pinnately 3- foliolate, sarcle ( Clitoria)
5-7-foliolate or (Flemingia) petioled 1-folio-
late or digitately 3-foliolate and then with
2-adelphous stamens ; when stamens l1-adel-
phous, the upper filament attached to the
others at its base... .. III. PHAskoLra.
Leaves 5-0 -foliolate, or if ‘1-3. foliolate
(Tephrosia) with partially monadelphous sta-
mens and uniform anthers, or (Indigofera)
with 2-adelphous stamens, apiculate anthers -
and basifixed hairs ; when stamens monadel-
phous the upper stamen free at its base... IV. GALEGES,
Pods indehiscent or opening along lower suture ;
(leaves, except Arachis and Smithia, odd-pinnate) :—
Pods not segmented, always quite indehi-
scent; leaves all odd-pinnate oki a V. DALBERGIER.
Pods breaking into l-seeded indehiscent seg-
ments, or if dehiscent (Desmodium in part)
only opening along lower suture; if not seg-
mented (Arachis) with leaves even-pinnate ;
(segment solitary in eee re oi VI. HeEpysarem.
Stamens free: .... aa Ree .. VII. SopHoREx.. -

22

il

VICIEZX.

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 23

Calyx segments free to the level of the disc (except
Bauhiniez) ; the upper petal interior (CHSALPINIEZ) :—
. Leaves simple or simply pinnate :—

Anthers basifixed as aaa -» WIIT. Casstnz.
Anthers versatile :—
Petals 5 :—
Calyx gamosepalous or valvately partite ... IX. . BAUHINIER,
Calyx lobes free imbricate ‘eA .. » XX. CYNOMETRER,
Petals fewer than 5 (3 or 1 or 0)... .. XI. AMHERSTIER,
Leaves 2-pinnate aes ose ee XII. C#SALPINIER.
' Petals valvate (MimosEx) :—
Calyx teeth imbricated eee see -. XIII. Parkiez,

Calyx valvate :—
Stamens 5 or 10:—

Anthers glandular - ee .. XIV. ADENANTHEREX,

Anthers not glandular ... eee «» XV. HUMIMOSEZ,
Stamens 0 :—

Filaments free eee eee -. XVI. ACACIER,

Filaments united sas .. XVII. Ineua.

A. Svzorver I. Parirrowackz. Calyx segments united beyond the

disc. Petals wmbricated, the upper external. Radicle inflezed accumbent
or, rarely, very short and straight.

Trise I. Victe#. Dwarf herbs or climbers. Leaves usually even-
pinnate, the petiole produced in a spine or tendril, leaflets entire ex-
stipellate; stipules often foliaceous. Flowers solitary or racemose.
Stamens diadelphous (9+1). Pod dehiscent.

1. Abrus.

Tripe II. Genistez. Shrubs, sometimes tree-like, or non-climbing
herbs. Leaves simple or digitately 3-00 -foliolate, rarely 1-foliolate ;
stipules small, free. Flowers in racemes or spikes. Stamens mon-

adelphous : anthers almost always 2-morphous. Pod dehiscent.
2. Crotalaria.

Trize Ill, Puaszotez#. Climbing or creeping herbs, rarely erect
and shrubby, very rarely trees. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate, rarely 1-
or 5-7-foliolate, leaflets entire or lobed, almost always stipellate.
Bracts 2 opposite persistent stipular or caducous. Stamens monadel-
‘phous, but if so the upper filament always free at the base; or
diadelphous (9+1) by more or less complete detachment of the upper ;
anthers uniform very rarely (Mucuna) 2-morphous. Pod dehiscent.
_ Leaves gland-dotted beneath
Leaves not gland-dotted beneath :—

Style bearded and bracts very small or deciduous .. B. Euphaseolex.
Style beardless, or if bearded -(Clitoria) with bracts per-
sistent :—

Rachis of inflorescence not swollen at nodes (style bearded
in Clitoria) ..,

ie .» A, Cajanez. |

‘

eee eee coo , ee) C. Glycinex,

23

24 Matertals for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Rachis of inflorescence nodose :—
Upper stamen subconnate with sh others and petals

subequal ... .. D. Dioclez.
Upper stamen free: or if EAD sil piel very
unequal :—
Petals very unequal ons eee oo» EH. Erythrinee.
Petals of same length wae ose . FF. Galactiez.

Sub-tribe A. Oajanex. Inflorescence racemose, rachis not swollen, or
flowers subumbellate or solitary, bracts usually membranous caducous, |
bracteoles 0; petals of subequal length; upper stamen free; style
bearded, stigma terminal; leaves gland-dotted at least beneath ;
stipels small, sometimes 0.

3. Flemingia. Ovules 2; pod turgid, leaves subdigitate or 1-foliolate.

4. Eriosema. Ovules 2; pod compressed, leaves pinnately 3-foliolate ;

funicle terminal on hilum.

5. Dunbaria. Ovules 4-00 ; pod compressed, not deep-lineate between

the seeds.

6. Atylosia. Ovules 4-00 ; pod compressed, deep-lineate between the

strophiolate seeds.

7. Cajanus. Ovules 4-co ; pod compressed, deep-lineate between the

seeds ; strophiole 0.

Sub-tribe B. Huphaseolew. Inflorescence racemose, rachis motion:

bracts small or caducous ; petals equal in length or the keel long-beaked,
or spirally twisted; upper stamen free; style longitudinally bearded
along the inner face or less often simply pilose round the stigma,

8. Phaseolus. Keel spiral.

9. Vigna. Keel not spiral; stigma oblique, style not flattened wp-

wards ; pods not lineate between seeds.

10. Pachyrhizus. Keel not spiral; stigma oblique globose on inner

face of style flattened upwards ; pod lineate.

11. Dolichos, Keel not spiral; stigma terminal; pod not winged.

12. Psophocarpus. Keel not spiral; stigma terminal; pod square,

winged at the 4 corners.

Sub-tribe CO. Glycinexe. Inflorescence of axillary fascicles or racemes
of solitary or geminate flowers on an unswollen rachis; standard not
appendiculate or (in small flowered genera) minutely appendiculate at
the base; upper stamen free or united at the base with the rest; style
naked (bearded in Clitoria).

13. Clitoria. Bracts persistent; standard large not spurred; calyx-

tube long; style bearded; stamens 10 fertile. |

14, Centrosema. Bracts persistent ; standard large spurred on the

back ; calyx-tube short; style naked; stamens 10 fertile.

15. Teramnus. Bracts small decidous; standard small; stamens —

alternate, 5 fertile, 5 sterile.

24,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 25

Sub-tribe D. Dioclex. Infloreseence racemose with rachis. swollen
at the nodes, bracts small or caducous; calyx usually 4-lobed from
union of the two upper teeth, rarely very unequally 2-lipped ; petals
subequal in length; upper stamen free at the base, connate with the
remainder above; style not bearded.

16. Dioclea. Calyx campanulate; pod broad much thickened along

upper suture.

17. Pueraria.. Calyx campanulate ; pod linear, flat or narrow,

18. Canavalia. Calyx 2-lipped; with a large upper and small
lower lip.

Sub-tribe H. Hrythrines. Inflorescence usually racemose with rachis
nodose, flowers showy with unequal petals—in some genera with very
large standard longer than the wings and sometimes than the keel also,
in others with standard much exceeded by the large cochleate keel ;
upper stamen free or united at the base: with the remainder ; style
naked ; bracts usually small, deciduous.

19. Mucuna. Keel. longest, standard shorter than wings ; anthers

2-morphous ; climbers.

20, Strongylodon. Standard and keel ao and longer than wings ;
anthers uniform ; climbers.

21. Erythrina. Standard longer than keel and wings ; anthers unt-
form ; armed trees. Pod sometimes dehiscent only at apex,
sterile and indehiscent below.

Sub-tribe F'. Galactiexw. Inflorescence racemose with nodose rachis,
more rarely amply paniculate; bracts small very deciduous; calyx
usually 4-lobed, the two upper teeth connate; petals sub-equal in
length ; upper stamen free; style not bearded.

22. Spatholobus. Pod 1-seeded at the apex only and there Bi

ally dehiscent, sterile and indehiscent below.

_ Tripe IV. Gatecez. Herbs never twining, erect shrubs, or less
often trees or large woody climbers. Leaves odd-, very rarely even-pin-
nate without the rachis prolonged, leaflets oo, or rarely 3-1, usually
entire. Stamens 10, the lower 9 united as far as their middle or further
in a sheath split along the upper side or less often closed in the middle,
the upper sometimes free from the base, at others connate by its middle
with the sheath, very rarely wanting; filaments filiform at the tips,
anthers versatile uniform, or rarely somewhat dimorphous. Pod not
segmented, 2-valved or if indehiscent usually small, 1-2-seeded or mem- |
branous inflated. Seeds rarely strophiolate.

Anthers with connective apiculate or gland- tipped .. w» A, Indigoferez.
Anthers muticous :— .
Racemes all axillary or from old nodes are ~ a B, Robiniez.

25

26 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. '

Racemes terminal, or cane or peas at the
ends of branches us a w C. Tephrosiez.
Sub-tribe A. Indigoferee. Hacks or sean glandular punctate or
not, usually hoary canescent, the hairs always fixed in the middle ;
racemes or spikes axillary ; connective of anther produced in a gland
_ or mucro; ovules usually oo ; pod 2-valved.
23. Indigofera.

Sub-tribe B. Robiniexe. Herbs, erect or rarely climbing shrubs, or
_ trees; racemes all axillary or fasciculate on old nodes; upper stamen
usually free; anthers muticous ; ovules ; style usually rigid; pod
usually 2-valved, flat or only turgid opposite the seeds.
24. Seshbania.

Sub-tribe CO. Tephrosiex. Herbs, erect or large climbing shrubs, or
trees ; racemes terminal or leaf-opposed or panicled at the ends of
branches, rarely arising from upper axils, or with the lower or all the
pedicels geminate or fasciculate in the axils of leaves; authers muti-
cous; ovules usually oo ; style usually rigid ; pod 2-valved.

25. Tephrosia. Leaves striate-veined ; pod thin, early dehiscent.

96. Millettia. Leaves reticulate-veined ; pod firm, tardily dehiscent.

Trise V, Datperciex. Trees or erect or lofty climbing shrubs.
Leaves pinnately 5-o -foliolate, very rarely 3-or 1-foliolate, usually
exstipellate. Inflorescence various, paniculate, fascicled racemose, or
cymose. Stamens all united in one sheath, entire or split along the
upper side, or in two lateral half-sheaths from simultaneous fission along
both upper and lower sides, or the upper stamen free the rest connate ;
anthers usually uniform. Pod longer than the calyx, membranous,
coriaceous, woody or drupaceous, indehiscent and not segmented.

Leaflets opposite a eee bee .. A, Lonchocarpex.
Leaflets alternate =P “a aes «. B. Pierocarpexr.

Sub-tribe A. Lonchocarpex. Leaflets opposite; pod not drupaceous ;
seeds usually transverse or attached by a lateral hilum, not pen-
dulous. BAe

27. Pongamia. Pod coriaceous, not winged ; calyx subtruncate.

28. Derris. Pod coriaceous or membranous, winged ; calyx subtrun-

cate.

29. Kunstleria. Pod membranous not winged ; calyx toothed.

Sub-tribe B. Pterocarpex. Leaflets alternate; pod not drupaceous ;
seeds usually transverse or attached by a lateral hilum, not pen-
dulous. ;

30. Dalbergia. <Anthers small, terminal ; ihe oblong or linear.

31. Pterocarpus. Anthers versatile ; pod suborbicular.
26

Materials for a Flora‘of the Malayan Peninsula.’ 27

Tripe VI. Hepysare#. Herbs, undershrubs or shrubs sometimes
twining or climbing, rarely trees. Leaves odd- or rarely even-pinnate,
petiole if produced not cirrhate, leaflets 3-cc, rarely digitately 3-4-
foliolate, 1-foliolate or simple. Stamens diadelphous, 9 connate in a
sheath as high as their middle or higher and split along the upper side,
the upper being free, or monadelphous in a sheath split along the upper
side, or diadelphous in two equal lateral half-sheaths (split simultaneously
along upper and lower sides) or rarely all free; filaments free at. their
tips, filiform or dilated upwards; anthers uniform versatile, or rarely
2-morphous, the alternate larger subbasifixed. Pod indehiscent separa-
ting into 1-seeded segments, rarely unsegmented (Arachis), or by abor-
tion or organically (Phylaciuwm) 1-seeded. Seeds rarely strophiolate.

Stamens imonadelphous, anthers 2-morphons; leaflets even-
pinnate or digitate, exstipellate a .. A, Stylosanthezx.

Stamens diadelphous, anthers uniform ; tanthata: rs pinnate
or simple.

Leaflets exstipellate, staminal phalanges 5+5... «. 3B. Aeschynomenez.

Leaflets stipellate, staminal phalanges9+1 ... we CO. Desmodiez.

Sub-tribe A. Stylosanthesee. Herbaceous approaching undershrubs,
often viscid; leaves exstipellate, leaflets few ; flowers spicate, capitate
or rarely subracemose, in terminal spikes, or axillary by suppression of
floral branches; bracts 1-foliolate and 2-stipulate, or stipuloid from
suppression of the leaf-element; stamens monadelphous ; anthers 5
oblong basifixed, 5 alternate shorter versatile.

32. Arachis. Calyaz-tube long filiform; leaves even-pinnate; pod

not segmented ripening underground.

33. Zornia. Calya-tube not elongated ; leaves digitately 2-4-folio-

late. |

Sub-tribe B. Aeschynomenex. Herbs, undershrubs or suratiae leaves
pinnate, leaflets oo, or rarely 1-3, exstipellate ; flowers usually in few-

_ fid. axillary racemes, rarely in axillary fascicles or subcymose; keel
obtuse or beaked, incurved ; wings usually transversely folded; sta-
mens (in Malayan genera) connate in two lateral phalanges; style
filiform.

34. Smithia. Pod folded within calyx. :

35. Ormocarpum. Pod straight exserted, joints onde ; ovary

sessile.

36. Aeschynomene. Pod straight easerted, joints quadrate or sub-

orbicular ; ovary stipitate.

Sub-tribe C. Desmodiex. Herbs, rarely twining, or undershrubs, less
often shrubs, very rarely trees; leaves pinnately 3-foliolate or 1-folio-
late the distal leaflets 2-stipellate the lateral leaflets opposite, each 1-
stipellate, rarely 0-7-foliolate ; stipules often striate; flowers in pairs

27

28 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

along the rachis of a raceme, rarely fasciculate or solitary, the racemes
terminal or casually at the same time also axillary ; standard usually
cuneate at the base, wings as long as or longer than keel and usually
adherent to its base ; upper stamen free or coherent with the rest from
the base upwards; pod sometimes (Phylaciwm) 1-jointed, sometimes
(Desmodium § Nicholsonia) opening along the lower suture. __

37. Phylacium. Ovary l-ovuled ; pod 1-seeded.

38. Uraria. Ovary 2- or more-ovuled; pod folded inside calyx ;
calyx-tube short, teeth long, not accrescent.

39. Lourea. Ovary 2- or more-ovuled; pod folded inside calyx ;
calyxz-tube large, teeth small, accrescent in fruit.

40, Alysicarpus. Ovary 2- or more-ovuled; pod straight exserted ;
joints of pod coriaceous as thick as they are long and broad.

41. Desmodium. Ovary 2- or more-ovuled; pod straight exserted ;
joints of pod membranous or, tf coriaceous (§ Dendrolobium),
broader than their thickness, and, if as thick as they are broad,
( § Scorpiurus) then much longer than broad.

Trine VII. SopHorez. Trees or tall shrubs, very rarely sub-
herbaceous or large climbers. Leaves pinnately 5-00 -foliolate or 1-folio-
late. Corolla papilionaceous or almost regular the upper petal outer in
bud, the lower ones occasionally absent. Stamens 10, free or very slight-
ly connate at the base. Pod indehiscent unsegmented, or 2-valved.
Radicle straight, incurved or inflexed.

42, Sophora. Pod montliform elongated, indehiscent.

43. Ormosia. Pod short thickly coriaceous, 2-valved.

B. Svsorver II. Czsatprniezx. Calyx-seqments partite to the disc,
very rarely (some Bauhinias) gamosepalous. Petals imbricated the upper-
most internal. Radicle straight or, rarely, slightly oblique. Stamens
almost always free.

Trine VIII. Casstzm. Trees, rarely shrubs or ineemiatba: Teaves
odd- or even-pinnate. Calyx segments or sepals 5, rarely 4-3, divided
to the disc, imbricate or rarely subvalvate. Petals 5 or fewer or 0.
Anthers erect, thick, basifixed, dehiscence longitudinal or 2-porose; or
rarely dorsifixed and 2-porose. Ovary or stipe free inside ol
Ovules 2—o, rarely 1. Seeds albuminous.

44, Cassia. Sepals 5, petals 5; stamens 10 or 5, leaves even-pinnate.

45. Koompassia. Sepals 5, petals 5; stamens 5; leaves odd-pinnate.

46. Dialium. Sepals 5, petals 2 or 1 or 0, stevie 2; leaves odd-

pinnate.

Trine IX. Bavaintez. Woody tendril-bearing climbers, rarely

‘trees. Leaves simple, entire or 2-lobed ; rarely 2-foliolate, Oualya gamo-
28

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 29

sepalous above the disc or valvately partite, the tip 5-toothed or less
often 5-lobed with teeth or lobes imbricated. Petals 5. Anthers versa-
tile. Ovary with stalk free or adnate to calyx-tube. Ovules 2-0.
Seeds albuminous.

47. Bauhinia.

Trips X. Cynometrem. Trees. Leaves even-pinnate, 2-00 -folio-
late. Calyx lobes divided to the disc, imbricate or valvate. Petals 5 or
fewer or 0. Anthers versatile. Ovary 1-2-ovuled. Flowers usually
small.

48. Cynometra.

Trise XI. Amnerstiex. Trees. Leaves even-, very rarely odd-
pinnate, 2-00 -, rarely 1-foliolate. Calyx lobes divided to the disc, imbri-
cate, very rarely valvate. Petals 5 or fewer or 0. Anthers versatile.
Ovary 3-« -ovuled, stalk adnate to the disc-bearing tube of calyx.

49, Tamarindus. Petals 3 perfect ; stamens 3 perfect.

50. Sindora. Petal 1; leaves very coriaceous; calyx-segments sub-

valvate.

51. . Afzelia. Petal 1; leaves papery; calyx-segments much imbri-

cated. }

52. Saraca. Petals 0; leaflets even-pinnate.

53. .Crudia, Petals 0; leaflets alternate odd-pinnate.

Trrpe XII. Evcwsaupiniex. Trees, shrubs or large climbers. Leaves
all 2-pinnate or, rarely, some leaves simply pinnate others ‘2-pinnate,
Calyx lobes divided to the disc. Petals usually 5 slightly unequal.
Anthers versatile. Ovary 2-0-, rarely 1-ovuled, the stalk free in the
calyx tube.

54. Peltophorum. Calyx-lobes subequal; pod winged along both
sutures; stigma large peltate.

55. Cesalpinia. Calyz-lobes unequal, the lowest large hooded ; pod
wingless.

56. Mezoneuron. Calyz-lobes wnequal, the lowest lurge hooded ; pod
winged along upper suture. ‘

57. Pterolobium. Calya-lobes unequal, the lowest large hooded ;
pod samaroid, winged at the apex only.

'

. »
C. Svzorper III. Mimosrxz. Flowers regular small. Calya
gamosepalous or valvately partite. Petals valvate, usuully connate below
the middle. Stamens free or monadelphous.

Tripe XIII. Parxiex. Trees. Leaves2-pinnate. Calyx teeth short,
imbricate. Stamens as many or twice as many as, petals.

58. Parkia. | hin
29

30 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peiinsula.

Trisze XIV. ADENANTHERES. Herbs, climbing shrubs or trees.
Leaves 2-pinnate. Calyx valvate. Stamens twice as many, rarely only
as many, as the petals. Anthers tipped by a stipitate gland.

59. Entada. Inflorescence a long spike; woody climbers with very

large pods and seeds.

60. Adenanthera. Inflorescence a long narrow raceme ; trees.

61. Neptunia. Inflorescence capitate; aquatic floating or creeping

herbs.

62. Xylia. Inflorescence capitate ; tall trees.

Trine XV. Eumimosex. Herbs, erect or climbing shrubs, or trees.
Leaves 2-pinnate. Flowers 4-5-merous, rarely 3- or 6-merous. Calyx
valvate or pappus-like, or 0. Stamens twice as many, or only as many,
as the petals, free. Anthers not gland-tipped ; pollen-granules many,
distinct.

63. Leucaena. Pod opening through the sutures, valves continuous ;

shrubs or small trees.

64. Mimosa. Pod with persistent sutures ; valves segmented ; shrubs

or undershrubs.

Trine XVI. Acacie&. Trees, shrubs or woody climbers. Leaves
2-pinnate. Flowers 4-5-merous, rarely 3-merous or 6-merous. Calyx
valvate, very rarely 0. Stamens indefinite, often very numerous, free,
or with the inner rows slightly subconnate at the base into a shallow
ring ; pollen-masses 2—6.

65. Acacia.

Tring XVII. Inces. Trees. Leaves 2-pinnate sometimes 2-3.
geminate, rarely simply pinnate. Flowers usually 5-merous. Calyx
valvate. Stamens indefinite often numerous, rarely 10-15, united im a
tube at the base or sometimes higher up; anthers small; pollen-masses
2-6.

66. Serianthes. Pod septate between the seeds, thick, ae. inde-

hiscent ; flowers large ; trees.

67. Enterolobium.' Pod septate between the seeds, spongy or fleshy,

* dndehiscent ; flowers small ; trees.

68. Calliandra. Pod thin, straight with thickened sutures, dehiscing

elastically ; flowers small ; trees or shrubs.

69. Albizzia. Pod thin, straight, dehiscent or indehiscent ; flowers

small ; trees or shrubs.

70. Pithecolobium. Pod coriaceous, curved, indehiscent or dehiscing

- through lower suture, or fleshy and papier by both greet
flowers small ; trees. '

30

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 31

Svp-orpER I. Papitionacez.

Herbs or shrubs (often climbing), rarely trees. Leaves simple or
digitately or pinnately compound ; usually stipellate rarely even-pinnate.
Inflorescence various, often racemose. lowers irregular, usually her-
maphrodite, rarely regular. Sepals 5, united beyond the disc in a
campanulate or tubular calyx with a truncate, 5-toothed or 5-lobed
limb, or with limb 4-toothed by union of the two upper segments or
2-lipped by similar union of three lower. Petals 5 imbricate or rarely
spreading, the upper (standard) outer, two lateral (wings) usually over-
lying and free from or attached about the middle to the two lower
inner rarely free usually connate below in a curved sheath (keel); petals
rarely subsimilar and subequal. Stamens inserted with the petals on a
disc lining the base of the calyx, usually 10 diadelphous in a sheath
of 9 connate next keel with 1 free next standand, rarely in 2 lateral
sheaths of 5 each; sometimes 9 by abortion of upper filament, or 5 by
abortion of alternate stamens; occasionally 10, monadelphous, very
rarely 10, free; anthers usually dehiscing longitudinally. Hmbryo with
radicle usually inflexed, accumbent. -Albwmen 0 or very scanty.

Stamens mon- or di-adelphous :—

Pods dehiscent by both sutures :—
Leaves even-pinnate the petiole ending in a bristle;

stamens 9, the tenth abortive... --. 1. ABRUs,
Leaves odd-pinnate or simple, or digitately 3- or more-
foliolate : —

Leaves simple or digitately compound ; (pods turgid) :—
Leaves simple, sessile, or digitately 3—-7-foliolate; sta-

mens monadelphous ; seeds many «. 2, CROTALARIA,
Leaves digitately 3-foliolate or, if 1- foliolate, petioled ;
stamens diadelphous ; seeds 2 ~ eee w. 3. FLEMINGIA,

Leaves pinnately compound :—
Leaves 3-foliolate (5—7-foliolate in one species of
Clitoria) (PHASEOLEZ except Flemingia) : —
Pods dehiscent from end to end :—
Leaves glandular beneath; (pod compressed;
stamens 9+1) (Cajanex except Flemingia) :—
- Ovules 2; the 2 upper calyx-lobes almost free ;
(stigma small terminal ; seed not strophiolate,)
funicle attached to end of hilum .., ... 4, ERIOSEMA, —
Ovules 4 or more; the 2 upper calyx-lobes
much connate; funicle centric: —
Climbers ; stigma small terminal; seeds
strophiolate or sub-strophiolate :—
Pod linear acuminate, hardly depressed
between the seeds; funicle expanded but
seeds not distinctly strophiolate «. 5. DUNBARIA,

31

32

Pod oblong obtuse, deeply transversely
lineate between the seeds; wens:

large ... 6.

Woody at Si Pieernd dilated. abuauee 2
seeds not stropliolate ; (pod acute deeply

transversely lineate between the seeds) ... 7.

Leaves not glandular beneath, (leaflets stipel-
late; climbing species except Hrythrina) :—
Style bearded below the stigma; (stamens
941) (Euphaseolee + Clitoria) :—
Stigma oblique :—

Keel spirally twisted 146 Aa i. °
Keel not spiral :—
Style filiform ave Fie
Style flattened upwards... 4. 28
Stigma terminal :—
Petals equal in length :—
Pod flattish, not winged Ba
Pod square, 4-winged 12

Petals very unequal, standard large;
leaflets sometimes 5-7
Style not. bearded below the stigma.:—
Nodes of racemes not swollen (Glycinez
except Clitoria) :—
Petals very unequal,
stamens 9 +1, all fertile :
Petals subequal, all small; stamens mona-

standard large;

delphons, 5 fertile, 5 alternate sterile 15
Nodes of racemes swollen :—
Stamens monadelphous; petals equal
(Dioclex) :—
Upper lip of calyx not projecting :—
Pod oblong, turgid, 1-2-seeded oan
Pod linear, flat, many-seeded ae ie
Upper lip of calyx projecting ane: ee
Stamens diadelphous (9+1); petals very
unequal (Erythrinex) :—
Anthers dimorphous; keel exceeding
wings and standard a oon Dele
Anthers uniform :—
Keel and standard equal, wings very
short , nae | aad
Keel and wings both Bae. than
standard ; armed trees. aoe el

Pods dehiscent at the seed-bearing apex only, else-
where seedless and indehiscent :—

Armed trees, keel and wings shorter than standard 21.

Unarmed climbers; petals equal ...

> ae
32 f

. 14,

Materials for a. Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

ATYLOSIA.

CaJANUS,

. PHASEOLUS.

VIGNA.

. PACHYRHIZUS,

. DoLicHos.
. PSOPHOCARPUS,

. CLITORIA.

CENTROSEMA.

. TERAMNUS,

DI0CLEA.
PUERABRIA.
CANAVALIA,

Mucuna.

STRONGYLODON,
ERYTHRINA,
ERYTHRINA

§ HyPAPHoRus,
SPATHOLOBUS,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 33

Leaves pinnately 5-0 -foliolate ; (1-foliolate in some
species of Tephrosia) :—
Anthers apiculate; hairs centrally fixed ; (stamens
diadelphous, 9+ 1) ai ibe ... 23. INDIGOFERA.*
Anthers obtuse ; hairs basifixed :—
Pods transversely septate between the seeds;
(stamens diadelphous, 9 +1) 13 ... 24, SESBANIA,
Pods not septate ; (stamens 9+1, the upper often ;
united in the middle to the staminal sheath) :—
Leaflets closely parallel-veined ; pod thin early
dehiscent ; leaves sometimes 1-3-foliolate ... 25. TEPHROSTIA,
Leaflets reticulate-veined ; pod thick, tardily
dehiscent ...
Pods indehiscent or, rarely, opening 2 Guia Desmodia) —
the lower suture :—
Pod not segmented ; (always indehiscent) :—
Leaves odd-pinnate ; trees or strong woody climbers :—
Leaflets opposite :—
Stamens monadelphous, the vexillary filament united
in the middle tothe staminal sheath; pod thickly
coriaceous or woody ; (calyx truncate) :—_
Pod wingless ...

. 26, MILLETTIA,

.. 27. PoNGAMIA.
... 28. DERRIS.

Pod winged ... ace eee
Stamens quite diadelphous, 9+ 1 :—
Pod winged ; calyx truncate ra ... 28. DERRIS
; § AGANOPE.
Pod wingless ; calyx toothed «de ... 29. KUNSTLERIA,
Leaflets distinctly alternate :—
Flowers small, pods narrow +t «. 30. DALBERGIA.
Flowers large, pods suborbicular ane .. 31. PTEROCARPUS,
Leaves even-pinnate, the rachis ending in a bristle, hie
with hypogexal fruits... oes 32. ARACHIS.

Pod of several (rarely 1) iniihiacent 1-seeded segments (in
Desmodium § Nicholsonia dehiscing along the lower suture)
(HEDYSAREZ except Arachis) :—
Leaves exstipellate :—
Stamens monadelphons, anthers dimorphous; leaves
digitately 2~4-foliolate ; (joints of pod muricated) ... 33. ZoRNIA.
Stamens diadelphons in 2 bundles of 5 each ; anthers
uuiform ; leaves pinnate (Aeschynomenex) ; (joints of
pod papillose or weakly muricated, rarely smooth) :—
Leaves even-pinnate, end-leaflet replaced by a
bristle; pod folded together within the calyx . 34, SMITHIA.
Leaves odd-pinnate ; pod straight exserted :—

Calyx 5-toothed; ovary sessile, ovules few, joints
of pod oblong ate ove . 35, ORMOCARPUM.

* None of the simple-leaved or subdigitately-leaved species of Indigofera are
reported from the Malay Peninsula,
33

J4 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Calyx deeply 2-lipped; ovary stalked, ovules
many ; joints of pod suborbicular or quadrate... 36. AESCHYNOMENE.
Leaves stipellate ; (stamens 9+1, anthers uniform) :—

Ovary l-ovuled ; (leaves pinnately 3-foliolate) ... 37. PaynaciuM.
Ovary 2- or more-ovuled :—

Pod folded together within the calyx :—
Calyx-teeth setaceous, not accrescent -. 38, URARIA.
Calyx-teeth lanceolate, accrescent ... ... 39, LOUREA.
Pod straight exserted :—

Joints of pod coriaceous about as thick as they
are broad and long Lt “ . 40. ALYSICARPUS.
Joints of pod thin, or if coriaceous (§ pens
biwm) much broader than thick, and if as thick as
broad (§ Scorpiwrus) much longer than broad ;
opening along lower suture in § Nicholsonia and

in § Pleurolobium aa i ... 41. DEsMoDIUM.
Stamens free :—

Stigma terminal, pod long moniliform bes --. 42. SOPHORA.
Stigma oblique, pod short turgid ... ch .. 43. ORMOSIA.

1. Asrus Linn.

‘Climbing shrubs. Leaves with numerous deciduous leaflets. Flowers
small, in dense racemes on axillary peduncles or short branches. Calya#
campanulate, equal; teeth very short. Corolla much exserted ; standard
ovate, acute, adhering below to the staminal tube; wings narrow; keel
arcuate. Stamens 9, united in a tube slit above, the tenth absent;
anthers uniform. Ovary subsessile, many-ovuled; style short, incurved,
beardless, stigma capitate. Pod oblong or linear-oblong, flat or turgid,
moderately firm, thinly septate. Species 5; cosmopolitan in the tropics.

Pod oblong turgid 3-5-seeded oe vas .. 1, A. precatorws.

Pod linear flat ineurved 8-12-seeded eos «.. 2. A. pulchellus.

1. Asxrus pPRecaTORIUS Linn. Syst. Veg. ed. XII, 472. A copiously
branched climber with thin stems and slender glabrous or thinly silky
branches. Leaves 2-3 in. long; leaflets equally pinnate im 10-20
opposite pairs membranous glabrous above thinly silky beneath, green
deciduous, ligulate-oblong ‘35-65 in. long, ‘15-2 in. wide. Racemes
many-flowered, crowded, usually shorter than the leaves, rachis usually
distinctly thickened in fruit. Calyx :lin. thinly silky. Corolla °5 im.
pink, or white with pink tinge. Pod oblong, turgid, 1-1‘5 in. long,
"4-5 in. wide, valves rugose thickened, 3—5-seeded. Seeds various,
usually bright scarlet with black hilum in wild specimens; sometimes
white with black hilum, uniformly white, or uniformly black in culti-
vated forms. DC. Prodr. 1], 381; Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 258; Wall.
Cat., 5818 ; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 158; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I,
175. A. minor Desy. Ann, Se. Nat. IX, 418. A, pauciflorus Desy. Ann.
Sc, Nat. 1X, 418.

34

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 30

ANDAMANS; very common from the Coco Group to Little Andaman ;
Barren Island. Nicopars; common. PENANG; Waltich! Curtis! Pane-
Kore; Scortechini! Pawana; Ridley! Distris. Cosmopolitan in the
tropics.

2. ABRUS PULCHELLUS Wall. Cat. 5819. A copiously branched
climber with thin’ stems and slender glabrous or thinly silky branches.
Leaves 3-4 in. long; leaflets equally pinnate in 12-16 opposite pairs,
membranous glabrous above thinly silky beneath, green deciduous,
ligulate oblong °75-1'25 in. long, ‘25-35 in. wide. Racemes many-
flowered, usually lax always long-peduncled, equalling or exceeding the
leaves; rachis little thickened in fruit. Calyx -1 in. thinly silky.
Corella *5 in. pink, or pale blue. Pod linear flat incurved 2-2°5 in. long,
*) in. wide, valves smooth thin, 8-12 seeded. Thwaites, Enum. P].
Zeyl. 91; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 175. A., levigatus EH. Mey.
Comm. I, 126; Harv. Fl. Cap. I], 263. A. melanospermus Hassk. Cat.
Bog. 282; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 159. A. acutifolius Blume MSS. ex
Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 160.

AnpaMANns; Coco Group, Prain! Port Blair, common. Prrax;
Kunstler 1023! Scortechint 630! Drsrris. S. Africa and §.-E. Asia.

2. CroranartaA Linn.

Herbs or shrubs with simple or digitately 3-foliolate rarely 5-7-
foliolate leaves. Flowers often large and showy in terminal or leaf-
opposed racemes. Calyx with short tube, and with lanceolate or linear
teeth free or somewhat connate in two lips. Corolla equalling or exceed-
ing the calyx ; standard rounded or ovate short-clawed; wings obovate
or oblong shorter than standard; keel as long as wings, its petals united,
much incurved and beaked. Stamens monadelphous in a sheath split
dorsally, anthers dimorphous, alternately on short filaments versatile and
on longer basifixed. Ovary sessile or, rarely, stipitate linear usually
many-ovuled ; style long, abruptly incurved at the base, hearded above,
stigma oblique small. Pod sessile or, rarely, supported on a gynophore
oblong or linear, straight, turgid or inflated, continuous within, 2-00 -
seeded. Species about 250, widespread in tropical and sub-tropical
regions. ;

Leaves simple :—
Stipules decurrent as a persistent wing to the stem .. 1. C. alata.
Stipules, if present, not decurrent :—
Pods not longer than the calyx :—
Flowers in elongated racemes, petals blue; stipules

minute . 2. GC. sessiliflora
Flowers in sides fow. fd. heat, spatats: male yellow ; ?
stipules 0 erie RS # we 3 GC. chinensis.

35

36 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Pods much longer than the calyx :—
Pods glabrous, flowers yellow :—
Stems diffuse, racemes lateral aon .. 4 CC. ferruginea.
Stems erect, racemes terminal :—
Branches stout striated, glabrous or nearly so;
leaves stipellate :—
Leaves obtuse or retuse, bracts and stipules

small subulate - os 5. GC. retusa.
Leaves acute, bracts and atone des acute
and leafy ... is 6. OC. sericea.
Branches slender terete, mcr A sy hae
exstipellate ... 7. C. albida.
Pods hirsute, flowers astalie blue, racemes Tabautd ’
as well as terminal ie tae .. 8. C. verrucosa.

Leaves compound :—
Leaves 3-foliolate :—
Pods small, obliquely subglobose, very few-seeded
(hirsute) ; ae sae . 9. C. uncinella.
Pods large, aan Bo senda —
Pods hirsute (narrowly cylindric almost sessile) ... 10. C. incana.
Pods glabrous :—

Pods narrowly cylindric, almost sessile . ll. @. Saltiana.
Pods oblong, supported on a long gynophore.,. 12. C. laburnifolia.
Leaves usually 5-foliolate (at times 3-, 4-, or even 6-7-
foliolate ... ‘ine ane sas w. 13. C. quinquefolia.

1. CroraLariA ALATA Ham. in Roxb. Hort. Beng. 98. A suberect
undershrub 1-2 feet high; stem and leaves below clothed with short
silky pubescence. Leaves 1-3 in. long, simple, oblong-ovate or obovate,
subacute or obtuse, membranons, the stipules with lanceolate-dentate
points forming decurrent wings on the stem for nearly the whole length
of the nodes. Racemes 2-3-fld., on elongated often leafy lateral pe-
duncles ; bracts small, persistent, ovate, acuminate. Calyx densely silky,
‘35 in. long, tube campanulate, bracteolate. Corolla pale-yellow hardly
exserted. Pod distinctly stalked 1:25-1:75 in. long, linear-oblong,
glabrous, 30-40-seeded. Don, Prodr. 241; Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 274;
DOC. Prodr. II 124; Wall. Cat. 5356; Benth. in Hook, Lond. Journ. IT,
478; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 329; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 69. C.
sagitticaulis Wall. Cat. 5357. C. bialata Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 274,

Singapore; Changi, Hullett! Ridley! Distris. Himalaya; Indo-
China; Malay Islands.

2, CROTALARIA SESSILIFLORA Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1004. A rigid
erect annual 1-2 feet high, simple or sparingly fastigiately branched,
stem and leaves below shortly silky. Leaves 2-6 in. long, simple linear
or lanceolate narrowed to both ends thickly herbaceous, quite glabrous

above, the stipules setaceous very small. Racemes 1-8 in. long, 5-20-
36

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 37

fid., terminal; flowers deflexed close-set (occasionally solitary flowers
occur also in the axils of the uppermost stem-leaves) ; bracts long, seta-
ceous, persistent. Calyx densely silky with very long hairs, 35-5 in.
long, tube shortly campanulate, teeth all long acute, the upper lanceolate,
narrow. Uorolla blue and white, rarely yellow, glabrous, not exserted.
Pod sessile ‘5 in. long, not exserted, oblong, glabrous, 10-15-seeded.
DC. Prodr. II, 129; Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. II, 565; Miq. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, 338; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 73. @. anthylloides Lamk.
Encyc. Meth. II, 195; Don, Prodr. 241; Wall. Cat. 5366 A (partly), B,
C. C. salicifolia Ham.in Don, Prodr. 241 not of Heyne. ©. nepal-
ensis Link, Enum. II, 228. 0. venusta Wall. Cat 5365. C. brevipes
Champ. in Hook. Kew Journ. IV, 44. ©. eriantha Sieb. & Zucc. FI.
Jap. 13. C. Oldhami Mig. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. IIT, 42. C. calycina
Kurz, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLV, pt. 2, 147 not of Schrank.

Mataya Pentnsota; Pahang, Ridley! Nicopars; Kamorta, Kurz!
Distris. Japan, China, Indo-China, Philippines, Java; Himalayas from
Assam westward; Panjab, Central India and Behar.

The specimens collected by Mr. Kurz in Kamorta having yellow flowers were
referred by him to C. calycina. An examination however shows that they are not
calycina but sessiliflora. A gathering from Java has been issued from Mus. Leyden,
also under the name C. calycina; this probably indicates that in Java as in the
Nicobars, C. sessiliflora may have yellow flowers.

3. CROTALARIA CHINENSIS Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1003. An annual
1-2 feet high, usually breaking into several stoutish ascending branches
from near the base, laxly silky with reddish brown hairs. Leaves
1-2 in. long, simple, linear to oblanceolate with rounded base and
obtuse or subacute apex, thickly herbaceons laxly silky on both surfaces ;
stipules 0. acemes densely capitate 3-6-fld., all terminal, bracts and
bracteoles linear, persistent. Calyx laxly silky, ‘35-5 in. long, tube very
short, teeth all long acute, the upper lanceolate, lower linear. Corolla
pale-yellow, glabrous, not exserted. Pod sessile ‘5 in. long, not exserted,
oblong, glabrous, 15-20-seeded. DC. Prod. II, 130; Benth. in Hook.
Lond. Journ. II, 566; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 339; Bak. in Flor. Brit,
Ind. IT, 73.

Perak ; Larut river; on rocks in the stream, Wray! Distrip. China, |
Indo-China, Philippines; India; Malay Islands.

4, Crorauaria FeRruGinea Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5398. A diffuse
copiously branching herb with a perennial rootstock, finely silky or
shaggy, branches 1-5-2 feet long. eaves very short petioled, herba- —
ceous 15-2 in. long, “5-75 in. across, simple, ovate-oblong obtuse paler
beneath; stipules persistent foliaceous deflexed or spreading, -25 in.
long; petioles ‘15 in. long. Racemes laxly 2-8-fld. leaf-opposed, 2-4 in.
long, bracts linear °2 in, long often deflexed, pedicels very short. Calyx

37

38 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

laxly silky with rusty hairs, ‘5 in. long, tube very short, upper teeth
lanceolate lower linear. Corolla yellow not exserted. Pod shortly
stalked 1-1'25 in. long glabrous 20-30-seeded. Benth. in Hook. Lond.
Journ. II, 476; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IJ, 68. C. canescens Wall. Cat.
5415. O. crassifolia Ham. in Wall. Cat, 5416. C. leioloba Bartl. Ind.
Sem. Hort. Goett. 1837; Linnea XII, Litt. 80. C. prlosissima Miq.
Flor. Ind. Bat. I,. 327.

Panana; Katepong Pekan, Ridley! Duisrris. India, Indo-China,
China; Malay Archipelago. _ |

Mr. Ridley has kindly sent the writer for inspection, from the Singapore
Herbarium, the only specimen of this species hitherto collected in the Malay Penin-
sula. The plant is, however, quite common in Sumatra and Java and may yet be
found elsewhere in the Peninsula.

5. CROTALARIA RETUSA Linn, Sp. Pl. 715. An erect robust under-
shrub 3-4 feet high, with stout striated glabrous branches. Leaves
1:5-3 in. long, simple, short-petioled, thickly herbaceous, glabrous above
puberulous beneath, oblong-oblanceolate, obtuse or oftener retuse, rare-
ly subacute at apex, cuneate at base, stipules subulate very small.
Racemes terminal elongated 6-8 in. long laxly 12-20-fid., bracts and
bracteoles subulate, pedicels shorter than calyx. Calyx almost glabrous,
35-5 in., tube short campanulate, half the length of the lanceolate
teeth. Corolla ‘8 in. long, much exserted, yellow with purple tinge.
Pod glabrous linear-oblong, 1-15 in., distinctly stalked, 15-20-seeded.
DG. Prodr. II, 125; Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 272; Bot. Reg. t. 253; Bot.
Mag. t. 2561; Wall. Cat. 5405+ W.& A. Prodr. 187; Migs Wier vad:
Bat. I, 330; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. Il, 75. Liwpinus cochinchinensis
Lour. Flor. Cochinch. 429; DC. Prodr. II, 410. Yandale-cotii Rheede,
Hort. Malab. IX, t. 25.

Mazay Pentnsuta; Malacca, Maingay! Hervey! Pahang, Ridley !
Awnpamans; Port Blair, very common; having been introduced as a
plant of native gardens, it has now run wild throughout the settlement.
—Duisrris. General in the tropics.

6. COROTALARIA SERICEA Retz, Obs. V, 25. A robust undershrub
3-4 feet high with stout striated almost glabrous branches. Leaves 2-6
in. long, simple, short petioled, thickly herbaceous, glabrous above,
finely silky beneath, oblong-oblanceolate acute or subacute at apex,
cuneate at base; stipules large leafy persistent. Jtacemes terminal -
elongated 10-12 in. long, laxly 20-50-fid., bracts ovate leafy persistent,
pedicels longer than calyx. Calyx almost glabrous ‘5 in. long, tube
short campanulate half the length of the lanceolate teeth. Corolla *8 in.
long, much exserted, yellow with purple tinge. Pod glabrous linear-
oblong 1-2 in. long, distinctly stalked 20-30-seeded. DC. Prodr. II,

38

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 39

126; Roxb. Fl. Ind. III, 273, Wall. Cat. 5406; W.& A. Prodr. 186;
Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 330; Bak, in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 75. 0. spectabilis
Roth, Nov. Sp. 341; DC. Prodr. II, 125. 0. macrophylla Weinm. Syll.
II, 26. C. cunerfolia Schrank, Syll. I, 78.

Matay Peninsuta; Malacca, Griffith. Anpamans; Table Island,
Prain! Distris. India and Indo-China. |

Very like the preceding, but easily distinguished, even in those cases where the
foliage is similar, by the large stipules and bracts.

7. CROTALARIA ALBIDA Heyne ex Roth, Nov. Sp. Pl. 333. An
undershrub 1-2 feet high with numerous firm slender terete obscurely
silky branches. Leaves simple linear or oblanceolate obtuse firm shin-
ing gland-dotted glabrescent above, thinly silky beneath, 1-2 in. long
"2-25 in. wide, petiole ‘1 in., stipules 0. Flowers in terminal, or rarely
lateral, laxly 6—20-fld. racemes, 2—4 in. long; bracts linear 05-1 in.
long ; pedicels ‘15-2 in, long slender adpressed-puberulous. Calyx
turbinate °25 in. long, in fruit 35 in. long, thinly silky ; teeth long the
3 lower linear acumiuate, the 2 upper broader often subobtuse. Corolla
pale yellow glabrous ‘3 in. long. Pod glabrous sessile, oblong-cylindric
‘5—6 in. long, half as long again to twice as long as calyx; seeds 6-12.
W.& A. Prodr. 189; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind, Il. 71. C. montana Roxb.
Hort. Beng. 54; Flor. Ind. II, 265; W. & A. Prodr. 182. (C. scoparia
Wall. Cat. 5418 OC. parva Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5402. C. punctata Grah.
in Wall. Cat. 5401 A, 5401 C. OC. tennis Wall. Cat. 5403. |

SeLANGor ; roadsides at Kwala, Ridley 7293! Distr1s. Throughout
South Eastern Asia.

A species perhaps only recently introduced to the Malay Peninsula from India ;
in India and Indo-China the plant is very common in grassy places.

8. CroraLaria verrucosa Linn. Sp. Pl. 715. A woody herb 2-3
feet high with many angular branches puberulous at first but soon
glabrescent. Leaves 2-6 in. long, simple short petioled, thin, obscurely
downy beneath, ovate, obtuse or occasionally acute at apex, deltoid at
base; stipules moderately large leafy semilunate. Racemes terminal and
lateral, about 6 in. long, rather closely 12-20-fid., bracts linear minute,
pedicels about as long as calyx. Calyx ‘3 in. long, obscurely downy,
tube short campanulate, half the length of lanceolate teeth. Corolla ‘75
in. long, exserted, usually white and blue, often white, occasionally
yellow. Pods faintly hirsute, oblong, 1-1°5 in. long, distinctly stalked,
‘10-15-seeded. DC. Prodr. II, 125; Bot, Mag. t. 3034; Wall. Cat. 5392;
W.& A. Prodr. 187; Wight Ic. t. 200; Mig. Flor. Ind, Bat. I, 331
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 77. C. angulosa Lamk. Encye. Meth. II,
197; Roxb. Flor. Ind, III, 278.. C. cerulea Jacq. Ic. t. 144. C.

acuminata G. Don., Dict. II, 134,— Rheede, Hort. Malab. IX, t. 29.
39

40 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Mauay Preninsuta; Perak, Scortechini! Malacca, Griffith. Pahang,
Ridley !

9. CROTALARIA UNCINELLA Lamk. Encyc. Meth. I], 200. An almost
stemless undershrub with several subprocumbent slender flexuous
spreading branches 1-2 feet long, slightly puberulous. Leaves com-
pound 4-foliolate, petioles 1 in. long, leaflets subequal or the terminal
slightly the larger, 1-1°5 in. long, ‘5-75 in. wide, glabrous above slightly
hirsute beneath, elliptic obtuse entire; stipules small, acute, rigid, re-
curved, glabrous above hirsute beneath. Racemes lateral and terminal 2
in. long, 20-25-fld.; flowers close-set, bracts small recurved ovate acu-
minate. Culya hirsute ‘15 in. long, teeth lanceolate. Corolla *25 in.
long, exserted, yellow, glabrous. Pod obliquely subglobose, closely
adpressed-pubescent, 2-seeded ; style sharply hooked. Lamk. Ill, t. 617,
f, 2. C. elliptica Roxb. Hort. Beng. 54; Flor. Ind. III, 279; Miq. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, 344; Benth. in Hook, Lond. Journ. II, 580; Flor. Hongk.
75; Forbes & Hemsl. Ind. Sinens., 1,151. C. Vuchellia H. & A. Bot,
Beech. Voy. 180; Walp. Rep, I, 588. Rhynchosia aurea Ridl. Trans.
Linn. Soc., Ser. Il, III, 293 not of DC.

Maay Peninsuta; Pahang, Ridley! Malacca, Derry ! Goodenough !
Disrris. China.

First described by Lamarck from specimens received by him from Mauritius ;
probably the plant had been there introduced; at all events Mr. Baker does not
cite it, even as a stranger, in his Flora of Mauritius. Afterwards described, inde-
pendently, by Roxburgh, from specimens reared in the Calcutta garden, and therefore,
though issued by Wallich, deliberately excluded from the Indian Flora by Wight
and Arnott, who have been in this followed by Baker in the Flora of British India.
Its discovery in Pahang by Mr. Ridley, in whose list it stands as Rhynchosia aurea,
and in Malacca where it is apparently quite common, shows that after all it deserves
to be included in the Indian Flora.

10. Crorararia tNcana Linn. Sp. Pl. 716. An erect undershrub
9-4 feet nigh with robust terete loosely downy branches. Leaves com-
pound 3-foliolate petioles 2-3 in. long, leaflets membranous, quickly
glabrescent above sparsely hirsute beneath terminal 1*5-2 in. long, larger
than lateral all ovate, obtuse at apex and rounded or widely cuneate
at base; stipules minute setaceous. Racemes terminal and lateral 6-10
in. long, rather closely 12-20-fld., bracts minute. Calyz ‘25 in. long,
loosely downy, teeth lanceolate twice as long as the tube. Corolla *6 in.
long, exserted, yellow, glabrous. Pod subsessile slightly deflexed and
slightly recurved, cylindric 1-1:25 in. long, permanently pubescent with
spreading brown silky hairs; 20-380-seeded. DC. Prodr. II, 132; Bot.
Reg. t. 377; Mig. Fior. Ind. Bat. I, 347; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IL, 83.
C. Searupier: A. Rich. Fl. Abyss. I, 151. ©. herbacea Schweig. in —
Schrank, Syllog. Ratisb. II, 77. . nhs

40

Materials for a Fira of the Malayan Peninsula. 41

Penana; Curtis! Disrris. Cosmopolitan in the tropics, originally
American.

There is one specimen of this in Mr. Curtis’ own Herbarium. No other collector
has sent it from Malaya.

11. Groranarta Santrana Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 648. An erect shrub
2-4 feet high with robust smooth or slightly sulcate thinly silky
branches. Leaves compound, 3-foliolate, petioles 2-3 in long, leaflets
membranous, glabrous above very sparingly silky below, terminal 1‘5-
25 in. long, larger than lateral, all obtuse cuneate at base ; stipules
minute, deciduous. Racemes terminal and occasionally also lateral,
usually 1-1'25 feet long, laxly 20-50-fid.; bracts minute. Calyx °25 in.
long, thinly silky; teeth lanceolate as long as campanulate tube. Corolla
‘6 in. long, exserted, yellow with purple stripes or pure yellow, glabrous.
Pod subsessile deflexed, subrecurved puberulous when young, ultimately
glabrous, cylindric, 1°5 in. long, 20-30-seeded. C. striata DC. Prodr. II,
131; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I. 346; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 84
(excluding the synonyms C. Brownex "Bertlero and O. latifolia Roxb.)

Matay Prninstta; Perak, Wray! Scortechini! Penang, King!
Malacca, Maingay! Singapore, Kunstler! Pahang, Ridley.

Nearly related to, and at times mistaken for C. Brownei Bertero ex DC. in
Prodr. II, 130 (C. lanceolata Roxb. Hort. Beng. 54 [momen prius] nec Meyer;
C. latifolia Roxb. ex Wall. MSS. in Hort. Calcutta) a native ofthe West Indies, but
now occasionally met with as a spontaneous species in India. From C. Saltiana,
C. Brownei differs in having more numerous lateral racemes, with flowers always
close-set and racemes never exceeding 6 in., and in having much larger leaflets
acute at apex as well as base and more ae silky underneath. The leaves of
C. Saltiana are like those of the next species; of C. Brownei like those of C. bracteata
and of Priotropis cytisoides for both of which species it has, at times, been mistaken.

12. CROTALARIA LABURNIFOLIA Linn. Sp. Pl. 715. An erect shrub
2-4 feet high with long slender rounded glabrous branches. Leaves
compound, 3-foliolate, petioles 2-3 in. long, leaflets membranous, gla-
brous on both surfaces, terminal 1-2 in. long, hardly larger than lateral,
all subacute or obtuse, cuneate at the base; stipules 0. Racemes ter-
minal and lateral 6-12 in. long, few- and very lax-fid.; bracts minute
deciduous, pedicels 5 in.Jong. Calyx ‘3-4 in. long, glabrous turbinate,
teeth lanceolate as long as tube. Oorolla 1 in. long, much exserted,
pure yellow, glabrous, keel much incurved. Pod pendulous from a fili-—
form gynophore ‘75-1 in. long, glabrous, cylindric 1-5-2 in. long, 20-30-
seeded. DC. Prodr. II, 1830; Roxb. Fl. Ind. III, 275; Wall. Cat.
5424, mostly; W.& A. Borin, I, 193; Miq. Flor. Ind. ‘Bat. I, 345 ;.
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 84. C. panda Bert. in DC. Prodr, I,
180. C. pedwnculosa Desy. Journ. Bot. III, 76; DC. Prodr. I, 132.
Clavulium pedunculosum Desy. Ann. Sc. Nat. Ix, 407. Nellia- tandale-
cotte pune Hort. Malabar. is. 6. 27.

41

42 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Manay Prninsuta; Malacca, Griffith! Maingay! Hervey! Distrre.
India; Malay Archipelago; Philippines.

13. CRoOTALARIA QUINQUEFOLIA Linn. Sp. Pl. 716. An erect annual
2-4 feet high with straight robust sulcate fastigiate sparingly silky
branches. Leaves digitate normally 5-foliolate,-at times 3-, 4-, or
even 6-7-foliolate, petioles 1-3 in. long, leaflets herbaceous, glabrous

above, thinly silky beneath, central largest 2-4 in. long, all linear or

occasionally narrowly oblanceolate obtuse; stipules linear. Racemes
terminal, 6-8 in. long, laxly 8-20-fld.; bracts linear as long as pedicels,
thinly silky, persistent ; lower pedicels as long as calyx, upper short.
Calyx subglabrous ‘5 in. long; teeth lanceolate as long as campanulate
tube. Corolla 1 in. long, glabrous, yellow, white or rarely purplish.
Pod distinctly stalked subinflated, glabrous, 1'5-2 in. long, -75 in. wide,
30-40-seeded. DC. Prodr. II, 185; Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 279; Wall.
Cat. 5429; W.& A. Prodr. I, 194; Wight Ill, t. 16; Mig. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 347; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 84. C. heterophylla Linn. f.
Suppl. 323; DC. Prodr. II, 131.

Matay Peninsuta; Kedah, Kunstler! Singapore, Hullett! Distr1s.
India; Indo-China; Malay Archipelago; Philippines.

3. Fuemincia Roxb.

Shrubs, rarely herbs, with leaves digitately 3-foliolate or simple,
gland-dotted below. Injlorescence various; pedicels very short, not
bracteolate. Calyx-tube short; teeth narrow, acuminate, the lowest
often the longest. Corolla little or not at all exserted; petals equal
in length; keel obtuse or slightly rostrate. Stamens diadelphous ;
anthers uniform. Ovary subsessile, 2-ovuled ; style filiform, beardless,
stigma capitate. Pod oblong, turgid, small, usually two-seeded ; seeds
not strophiolate, the funicle centrical. Species about 25; 3 Tropical
African, the remainder Asiatic. .

Leaves 1-foliolate ; flowers in small cymes hidden by large

folded persistent bracts and arranged in racemes longer than

the leaves... .. Ll. F. strobilifera.
Leaves 3-foliolate ; fiiwars in Scie sane or fascicled

axillary racemes shorter than the petioles, bracts small deci-

duous eae ve pis As .. 2. F. congesta.
§ Ostryop1um Desv. Shrubs. Leaves simple. Flowers in small
cymes, each hidden by a large folded persistent bract, closely distichously
arranged in copious simple or slightly branched racemes, both in the
axils of the leaves and above them.

1. FLemincia stRoBiLireraA R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. Tl, IV,

350. An erect shrub 5-10 feet high with slender terete branches vel-
vety towards their tips. Leaves 4 in. long, petioles *5 in. long, adpressed
42 - Pa,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 43

puberulous; leaflets 1, subcoriaceous green glabrescent above thinly
silky on the nerves beneath, ovate-acute, base widely rounded or truncate
—3°5 in. long, 2 in. wide, lateral nerves 10-12 pairs; stipels obsolete,
stipules scarious lanceolate *3 in. long. Inflorescence in terminal racemes
or thyrses 3-6 in. long, the slender zigzag rachis rusty-pubescent ;
bracts erecto-patent, short-petioled, deeply cordate 1 in. long, 1:25: in.
wide, membranous, apex shortly cuspidate in all except the very upper-
most. Calyx ‘25 in, finely pilose; teeth lanceolate, exceeding the tube.
Corolla yellowish or greenish-white °35 in. long. Pod oblong turgid °35
in. long, finely downy ; 2-seeded. DC. Prodr. II, 851; Wall. Cat. 5753 ;
W. & A. Prodr. 243; Wight Ic. t. 267; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 161;
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 227 (excluding both varieties). F. abrupta
Wall. Cat. 5755. Hedysarum strobiliferum Linn. Sp. Pl. 746; Roxb.
Flor. Ind. TI, 350. Zornia strobilifera Per. Synops. II, 319.
In all the provinces, common. Disrris. Throughout §.-E. Asia.

~§2. Fremineiastzum DC. Erect shrubs. Leaves digitately 3-folio-
late. Flowers in dense subspicate axillary r racemes ; bracts linear or
lanceolate, caducous.

2, Fiemineta concesta Roxb. Hort. Beng. 56. An erect woody
shrub 4-6 feet high with slender triangular sulcate branches silky to-
wards their tips. Leaves 6-9 in. long, petioles 2°5-3°5 in. long, adpressed
puberulous margins angled but hardly winged; leaflets 3, subcoriaceous,
ovate-acute, terminal cuneate lateral obliquely round at base, green,
puberulous above thinly rusty silky especially on the nerves beneath, 3-5
in. long, 1°5-3 in, wide, lateral nerves 5-7 pairs, the lowest pair long,
very oblique, arising at junction of midrib and petiolule, stipels obsolete,
petiolules ‘25 in. long, stipules scarious externally velvety, early cadu-
cous ‘4in. long. Inflorescence in dense axillary racemes sometimes soli-
tary in the higher, usually fasciculate in the lower axils, 2 in. long,
always shorter than petioles; bracts lanceolate ‘25 in. long or less,
silky externally less rigid than the stipules and like them deciduous.
Calyx °35 in. long, densely silky externally, teeth linear-lanceolate the
lowest exceeding the others. Corolla wings purple standard white
striped with pink ‘4 in. long. Pod oblong ‘5 in. long, ‘25 in. wide, closely
shortly tomentose; seeds 2. Roxb. Fl. Ind. III, 340; DC. Prodr, II,
3501; W.& A. Sede 241; Wight, Ic. t. 390; Wall. Cat. 5747; Mig.
Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 164; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 288, excluding all the
varieties. Crotalaria macrophylla Willd. Sp. Pl. III, 982. Rhynchosia
crotalarioides DC. Prodr. II, 387.

Penance; Wallich 5747 F! Pulo Beeting, Curtis 1926! Matacca ;
Grifith! PanaKors, Goodenough ! Perak; Larut, Scortechini 134!
Kampong Kota, Wray 3316! Disrris. India, Indo-China, Java.

All the specimens quoted belong to Roxburgh’s true Flemingia congesta.
43

Ad Materials for a Flora’of the Malayan Peninsula.

4, Eriosema DC,

Shrubs or herbs, mostly suberect, with 1—3-foliolate leaves. Flowers
racemed or axillary. Calyx campanulate; teeth 5, as long as the tube.
Corolla distinctly exserted; limb of standard roundish, auricled at the
base; wings_and slightly beaked keel shorter. Stamens diadelphous ;
anthers uniform. Ovary sessile, 2-ovuled; style filiform, glabrous,
stigma capitate. Pod oblong, turgid, 1—2-seeded; seeds oblique, the
funiculus attached to the extremity of a linear hilum. Species about
50, mostly Trop. African and American.

ERIOSEMA CHINENSE Vogel. Pl. Meyen. 31. An erect undershrub
1-1'5 feet high, stems slender branching virgately usually near base,
densely pubescent one or more from a small tuberous woody rootstock
1°5 in. long, *75 in. across. Leaves 1-2 in. long, ‘3-4 in. across, 1-folio-
late very short petioled, linear-oblong to linear-lanceolate, subcoriaceous,
greenish with a few adpressed hairs above densely grey-tomentose
beneath, the veins rusty brown tomentose; stipules linear scarious
2-nerved persistent ‘2 in. long, stipels minute. Flowers in axils of upper
leaves, solitary or geminate subsessile or on a common pedicel, some-
times ‘5 in. long jointed below flower, bracteoles obsolete. Calyz cam-
panulate densely pilose ‘2 in. long. Corolla yellow, drying black, °4 in.
long, standard orbicular hairy externally. Pod oblong ‘4 in. long,
pubescent with long spreading rufous hairs. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind.
IT, 219. Crotalaria tuberosa Ham. in Don. Prodr. 241. Rhynchosia
virgata Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5503. BR. Grahami Wall. Cat. 5504.
Pyrrotricha tuberosa W. & A. Prodr. 238.

Perak; Wray n. 3804! Matacca; Griffith. Disrris. S.-H. Asia ;
N. Australia. |

dS. Dunsaria W. & A.

Woody or herbaceous climbers. Leaves 3-foliolate, distinctly gland-
dotted beneath; stipelle rarely present. lowers racemose or axillary.
Calyx teeth narrow the lowest distinctly exceeding the others. Corolla
exserted, marcescent or caducous; keel usually not beaked. Stamens
diadelphous anthers uniform. Ovary sessile or stalked, many-ovuled ;
style inflexed filiform beardless, stigma capitate. Pod linear, flat not
marked with depressed lines between the substrophiolate seeds. Species
about 12, Eastern Asiatic, Japanese and North Australian; only one
from our area.

§ Ruynconosium. Corolla caducous.

Dounparia Scortecuintt Prain. A slender creeper 10-20 feet long
with rigid subsulcate grey canescent stem and branches. Leaves 4-6
in. long, 3-foliolate; leaflets subtrapezoid, cuspidate acuminate at apex
nairowed from below the middle to a rounded base, the lateral pair

44.

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 45

obliquely ; blueish-green faintly puberulous above, densely grey-canescent
beneath 2-2°5 in. long, 1°75-2 in. wide; petiole 1-5-4 in. long, puberu-
lous ; petiolules ‘15 in. long, puberulous; stipels very minute cadu-
cous, stipules lanceolate *l in. long caducous. Racemes 2-3 in. long
on peduncles 4-6 in. long, overtopping the leaves; pedicels geminate
‘2 in. long. Cualyw grey-pubescent with reddish streaks, ‘3 in. long,
tube wide campanulate, lower tooth lanceolate as long as tube and
twice as long as lateral deltoid and connate upper pair. Corolla °5 in.
long, externally dark brown, within pale yellow; keel beaked, standard
‘6 in. wide, orbicular entire. Pod 2°5 in. long, ‘25 in. wide, linear,
pedicel abruptly recurved, closely grey-canescent ; 6-8 seeded.

PERAK; in open grassy or bamboo juugles, at Dijong, Scortechint,
1841! Kunstler, 908! Ulu Bubong, Kunstler, 10852!

A species with somewhat the appearance of. Rhynchosia bracteata but with
much more slender stems. It also resembles, but to a less degree, Atylosia mollis

Its pods, however, have no depressions between the seeds and this renders it neces-
sary to refer the plant to Dunbaria.

6. Artytosta W. & A.

Herbs or shrubs, erect or twining, Leaves 3-foliolate, sometimes
subdigitate often exstipellate, gland-dotted beneath. Flowers axillary
or racemed. Calyx teeth distinct, longer or shorter than the tube the
lowest the longest. Corolla more or less exserted, marcescent or cadu-
cous ; keel notbeaked. Stamens diadelphous; anthers uniform. Ovary
sessile; ovules 3 or more; style filiform incurved glabrous, stigma
capitate. Pod linear or oblong, turgid, marked with horizontal or oblique
transverse lines between the seeds which have a conspicuous divided
strophiole. Species about 25; from India to Australia and Mauritius.

Petals marcescent, leaflets large pinnately trifoliolate ... 1. <A. crassa.

Petals deciduons, leaflets small subdigitate ... .. 2. A. scarabxoides,

§ Aryria. Petals marcescent, remaining till the pod developes.

1, Arynosta crassa Prain. A twining species with firm slender
striate shortly-tomentose stems and branches. Leaves 3-6 in. long,
pinnately 3-foliolate; leaflets subtrapezoid cuspidate-acuminate at apex
narrow from hasoail the middle to a rounded base, the lateral pair
obliquely, dark green and rather densely puberulous especially on the
nerves above, densely greenish-brown pubescent and reticulately veined
beneath, 2-3 in. long, 1°75-2:25 in. wide; petiole 1-5-2°5 in. long, pubes-
cent; petiolules ‘15 in. stipels subulate ‘1 in. long, pubescent, sub-
persistent, stipules minute caducous. Racemes 2-3 in. long, lax short-
_peduncled, pedicels geminate ‘3-5 in. long; bracteoles large roundish
acute reddish ‘6 in. long, forming a conspicuous tuft before the racemes
expand. Calyx ‘4 in. finely grey-downy lowest tooth lanceolate as long

45

46 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

as the narrowly campanulate tube. Corolla yellow, ‘75 in. long. Pod
1-1°25 in. long, ‘6 in. wide, straight, rounded at both ends closely
greenish-brown viscidly puberulous, 3-5-seeded, obliquely transversely
depressed between the smallish seeds of which the longer diameter is
parallel to the direction of the pod. Dolichos reticulatus Ham. in Wall.
Cat. 5552 not of Ait. D. crassus Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5553. Dunbaria
Horsfieldit Miq. in Flor. Ind. Bat. 1,179. <Atylosia mollis Benth. in Pl.
Jungh. 243 (excluding syn. Collza mollis Grah.) ; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. II, 213 (excl. syn. Collea mollis Grah., Atylosia glandulosa Dalz.,
and Cajanus glandulosus Dalz. & Gibs.)

ANDAMANS; very common. Disrris. India, Indo-China, Malay
Archipelago.

The prior name for this species is Dolichos reticulatus Ham. but the name
Atylosia reticulata may not be employed for it owing to there being another A.
reticulata from Australia based on the Dolichos reticulatus Ait. of the Hortus
Kewensis which was known before our plant. The nearest ally of this species is the
purely Himalayan and quite distinct A. mollis Bth. (Collza mollis Grah.)

§ CanTHARosPeRMUM. Petals falling before the pod developes.

2. AryLosiA scARABHoIDEs Benth. Pl. Jungh. 243. A slender
biennial herbaceous twiner with densely grey-downy stems and branches.
Leaves 1°5-2 in. long, subdigitately 3-foliolate; leaflets obovate-oblong
subcoriaceous flexible 1-1°5 in. long, °5—°75 in. wide, obtuse or subacute
thinly grey-canescent above, densely pubescent, 3-nerved in lower two-
thirds and faintly reticulate-veined beneath ; petiole ‘5 in. long, brown-
ish pubescent; stipels 0, stipules minute caducous. Racemes 2-6-fid., on
densely pubescent axillary peduncles ‘3—‘4 in. long; pedicels ‘25 in. long
also pubescent. Calyx ‘25 in., densely brownish-grey silky, teeth linear,
- the lowest twice as long as tube. Oorolla ‘4 in, long, keel abruptly
incurved at tip. Pod straight ‘75-1 in. long, *25 in. wide, clothed with
fine spreading brown silky hairs, with slightly oblique transverse de-
pressed lines between the 4-5-seeds. Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 173; Bak.
in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 215. Dolichos scarabezoides Linn. Sp. Pl. 726.
Cajanus scarabeoides Thouars ex Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5580. Rhynchosia
scarabzcoides DC. Prodr. II, 387. R. biflora DC. Prodr. II. 387. Cantharos-
permum pauciflorum W. & A. Prodr. 255.
, Mazacca; Grifith! Duisrris. India, Indo-China, Malaya, China,
Mascarene Islands.

7. Casanus DC. |
An erect shrub. Leaves 3-foliolate. Flowers racemed. Calyz-tube
campanulate; teeth short. Corolla much exserted, its petals equal in ©
length ; keel truncate. Stamens diadelphous; anthers uniform. Ovary

subsessile, few-ovuled ; style long, filiform, much upcurved, stigma capi-
46

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 47

tate. Pod linear, straight, narrowed at both ends, 3—-5-seeded, torulose
with oblique linear depressions between the non-strophiolate seeds.
The only species.

Casanus inpicus Spreng. Syst. TII, 248. An erect shrub 6-8 feet
high with slender grooved grey-silky branchlets. Leaves 2-5 in. long;
petiole *5-1°5 in. finely fluted densely adpressed hoary ; leaflets 3 oblong-
lanceolate entire subcoriaceous, terminal 1°75-3 in. long, *5-1:25 in.
wide lateral similar but smaller 1:25-1:75 in. long, °35-°75 in. wide,
thinly silky above densely shortly silky and indistinctly gland-dotted
beneath, nerves 6-9 pairs oblique prominent; stipels minute; stipules
lanceolate hoary-canescent externally, ‘15 in. long. Inflorescence in sparse
corymbose axillary racemes with peduncles 2 in. long and in a terminal
panicle; pedicels downy the lowest ‘5 in. long, bracteoles obsolete.
Calyx campanulate *25 in. long, teeth triangular shorter than tube.
Corolla ‘6-75 in., standard yellow, or yellow with red veins, or rarely
red. Pod 2-3 in. long, '25—45 in. wide, finely downy, with oblique cross
depressions between the 2-6 seeds; armed at tip with thickened base
and lower half of style; testa firm from pale to dark brown. W. & A.
Prodr. 256; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 174; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 217.
C. flavus DC. Prodr. IT, 406. ©. bicolor DC, Prodr. II, 406; Wall. Cat..
5577. Cytisus Cajan Linn. Sp. Pl. 739; Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 325.
C. pseudo-Cajan Jacq. Hort. Vindob. t. 119.

ANDAMANS; Perak; Penana; Matacca. Distris. Cultivated every-
where in the tropics; probably a native of S.-H. Asia.

8. Puxasrouvus Linn,

- Twiners, usually herbaceous, with 3-foliolate stipellate leaves.
Flowers in copious axillary racemes ; bracteoles usually conspicuous and
persistent. Calyx campanulate, the lowest tooth usually longer than
the rest and the two uppermost subconnate. Corolla much exserted,
the keel prolonged into a very long beak which forms a complete spiral.
Stamens diadelphous; anthers uniform. Ovary sessile, many-ovuled ;
style filiform, twisted round with the keel, conspicuously bearded down
the side below the very oblique stigma. Pod linear, rarely oblong,
subteréte or subcompressed, more or less distinctly septate between
the seeds. Species about 60, mostly tropical, many widely cultivated,
especially in America,

_ Stipules small basifixed :—
Petals yellow puberulous externally, pods broad subcom-
pressed af .. L. P. tumatus.

Petals red glabrous, pois Adie RiMLaPaieins patweok seeds 2. P. adenanthus.
. 47

48 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Stipules produced below point of insertion (petals yellow,
glabrous) :—
Pods subcylindric glabrous :-—
Stems slender diffuse, racemes subcapitate, leaflets less

than half as long as petioles, seeds rounded at ends .. 33. P. trilobus.
Stems twining, racemes subspicate, leaflets as long as
petioles, seeds subtruncate rea .. 4 P. calcaratus,
Pods slightly mira pubescent ; (racemes subenpitat,
seeds rounded at ends) . decks w. OO P. Mungo.

§ EvuPHASEOLUS. Stipules small, binssinecdl Pods broad subcom-
pressed.

1. Puxasnotus tunatus Linn. Sp. Pl. 724. <A tall twining biennial
with stems at first finely downy but soon glabrescent. Leaves 6-8 in.
long, leaflets 3, pale-green membranous entire rather wide triangular
acute, base wide cuneate—of lateral leaflets obliquely, glabrous above
minutely sparsely puberulous beneath, 3-4 in. long, 2-25 in. wide;
petiole 4-6 in. long, and petiolules ‘2 in. long puberulous ; stipels 15
in. long ovate-acute; stipules hardly larger and similar. Racemes
axillary lax 2-6 in. long peduncles short the lower nodes distant;
flowers in fascicles of 2-4, pedicels ‘35 in. long, bracts minute. Calyx
‘l in. long minutely 2-bracteolate at the base, puberulous externally
teeth wide triangular very short. Corolla greenish-yellow °35 in. long
puberulous externally. Pod decidedly compressed 2-3 in. long, ‘6-75
in. wide, °25 in. thick; upper suture recurved, lower widely rounded.
DC. Prodr. II, 393; Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 287; W. & A. Prodr. 244;
Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 194; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 200. P. vulgaris
Wall. Cat. 5595 not of Linn.

In all the provinces, cultivated.

An American species now widely spread in the old world.

§ Leprospron Bth. & Hk. f. Stipules medium, basifixed. Pods
narrow subcompressed.

2. PuHAsEoLtus aDenantaus G. W. F. Mey. Prim. Flor. Esseq. 239.
A spreading glabrescent perennial, with slender rigid stems. Leaves
4-6 in. long; leaflets 3 medium to pale green, chartaceous, ovate-acute
base cuneate—of lateral leaflets obliquely, nerves on both surfaces at first
sparsely puberulous, otherwise glabrous, 2°5-4 in. long, 1°25-2 in. wide ;
petiole 2°5 in. long channelled above very sparsely hirsute or glabrous,
petiolules ‘2 in. long puberulous; stipels ‘1 in. ovate adpressed, stipules —
often reflexed ovate-acute ‘2 in. long. Racemes axillary rather crowded,
peduncles 1-4 in. long nodes rather close together; flowers 1-3 from
each node, pedicels under ‘1 in. long, bracts minute. Calyx -25 in. long
campanulate, teeth deltoid to lanceolate half as long as tube, with 2 ovate

bracteoles ‘1 in. long at its base. Corolla pink to purple, showy, J in,
48

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 49

long glabrous. Pod decidedly compressed 4-6 in. long, ‘4 in. wide, *2 in.
thick upper suture much recurved, subtorulose between the 10-16 brown
or red seeds °3 in. long, ‘25 in. wide, with a small hilum. Bak. in Flor.
Brit. Ind. II, 200, P. alatus Roxb. Hort. Beng. 54; Flor. Ind. ITI,
288 not of Linn. P. amarus Roxb. ex W. & A. Prodr. 244. P. rostratus
Wall. Pl. As. Rar. I, 50, t. 63; Cat. 5610; W.& A. Prodr. 244; Wight,
Ic. t. 34. DP. truzillensis H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. VI, 451 ; DC. Prodr.
II, 392. P. senegalensis Guill. & Perr. Fl. Seneg. 217.

Anpamans; N. Andaman, Helfer! 8, Andaman, King’s Collector !
Narcondam, growing on the boulders of the higher beach, Pravin !
Disrris. Cosmopolitan in the tropics.

A very beautiful species not yet reported from the Malay Peninsula proper and
not recorded by Prof. Miquel from the Malay Archipelago. It may, however, be
found if looked for in the sea-fences of screw-pines along the coasts, this being the
habitat chiefly affected by it in the Andaman group.

§ Srropuostytes Bth. & Hk. f. Stipules produced below their
point of insertion.

3. PHASEOLUS TRILOBUS Ait, Hort. Kew., ed. I, I1I, 30. A slender
diffuse spreading glabrous or slightly pubescent annual or perennial
weed with stems reaching 2-3 feet. Leaves 4 in. long; leaflets 3 pale
green membranous, 3-lobed or, especially the terminal, at times entire,
less often 3-fid to -partite, small suborbicular °75-1 in. in diam. rarely
oblong 1°5 in. long by 1 in. wide; petiole long 2-8 in. usually glabrous, -
petiolules *2 in.; stipels ovate-acute under ‘1 in.; stipules *25-5 in.
long, ovate-oblong. Racemes axillary subcapitate, at ends of erect
stoutish peduncles 6-12 in. long, bracts ovate-acute ‘15-2 in. long
deciduous; pedicels ‘1 in. Calyz campanulate ‘07-1 in. yellowish-
green, teeth minute deltoid, bracteoles at base lanceolate longer than
calyx. Oorolla yellow ‘2-25 in. long glabrous. Pod cylindric 1-2 in.
long, “15 in. in diam. glabrous straight or slightly recurved, 6-12 seeded.
Roxb. Hort. Beng. 54; Flor. Ind. III, 298; Wall. Cat. 5588, chiefly ;
W. & A. Prodr. 246; Wight, Ic. t. 94; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 198.
Dolichos trilobus Linn. Mantiss. I, 101; Burm. Flor. Ind. 160, t. 50,
f. 1; DC. Prodr. II, 399. D. stipulaceus Lamk, Encyc. Meth. Il, 300.

ANDAMANS; an introduced weed. Dustris. Northern Africa, S.-H.
Asia, Malay Archipelago.

An annual crop and a perennial weed throughout its natural area. The
perennial form has usually more deeply lobed leaflets; in the annual form lobed
and entire leaflets are generally met with in varying proportions on the same plant.
Though not as yet recorded from the Malay Peninsula proper, it may be expected to
occur there as an introduced weed.

4. PuHasrouus caucaratus Roxb. Hort. Beng. 54. A twining annual,

or perennial with annual pubescent rarely glabrous stems 6-10 feet long,
49

50 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

rarely suberect with stems 1-2 feet high. Leaves usually 4-5 in. long;
leaflets 3 membranous sparsely adpressed-pubescent on both surfaces,
ovate to lanceolate, acute or shortly acuminate, entire or faintly repand
rarely slightly lobed, base of terminal leaflet cuneate of lateral truncate
or subauriculately lobed to outer side, 2-4 in. long, 1-2°5 in. wide;
petioles 2-4 in. long, pubescent with spreading or slightly reversed hairs,
petiolules -15 in. long, pubescent, stipels ‘15 in. long, glabrous lanceo-
late, stipules ‘2-25 in. long, lanceolate glabrescent. Racemes subspicate
‘75-15 in. long, at end of stoutish peduncles 5-8 in. long, pubescent
with at first decidedly reflexed hairs; flowers 2-3 together from 6-8
nodes at length ‘2 in. apart, lower pedicels at length ‘2 in. long, bracts
lanceolate ‘25 in. long fixed above the base. Calya ‘15 in. long teeth
short deltoid, bracteoles narrowly lanceolate ‘2 in. long. Corolla yellow
‘5-75 in. long, glabrous. Pod 2°5-3 in. long ‘2 in. wide, recurved
glabrous ; seeds 10-12 subtruncate at ends with prominent hilum half
as long as seed. ;

Var. typica; stems pubescent. Roxb. Flor, Ind. III, 289; Wall.
Cat. 5611; W. & A. Prodr. 245; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 208.
P. hirtus Wall. Cat. 5593 not of Retz. P. sublobatus Wall, Cat. 5598
not of Roxb. P. pubescens Blume Cat. Bog. 94; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat.
I, 200. a

Perak; Batu Kuran, common, Scortechini! Curtis 2984! Anpa-
MANS; common, cultivated and as an escape. Diusrris. 8.-H. Asia and
Malaya.

Var. gracilis; stems slender, glabrous.

Perak; Larut, Scortechini 1476! Wray 1756! Goping, Kunstler
990! Durian, Kunstler 1035! 2467! Panana; at Pekan, Ridley 1124!
Distrip. Sumatra (Forbes).

But for the more slender and glabrous stems there is no character to separate
VAR. gracilis from P. calcaratus which is otherwise a sufficiently variable species.
Except that it is described as having subtorulose pods even when old, the writer
would have no hesitation in referring P. luteus Bl. to var. gracilis. As a matter
of fact the pods of all the varieties of P. culcaratus are subtorulose when young,
and in Roxburgh’s P. torosus, which is referable to P. calcaratus, they continue so;
but, not having seen specimens, the writer dves not feel justified in formally
reducing Blume’s plant, and would leave the matter to be settled by the botanists
of the Dutch Indies.

5. PuHassotus Mungo Linn. Mantiss. 1, 101. A spreading annual
or perennial with slender annual pubescent stems 6-10 feet long, grow-
ing in open grassy places (Kunstler), Leaves 8-10 in. long; leaflets 3
blueish-green membranous ovate-acute, base wide-truncate—of lateral
leaflets oblique, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces, 3-5 in. long, 2°5—4&
in. wide, petioles 5 in. long sparsely pubescent with spreading hairs,

50 |

‘Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 51

petiolules -2 in. long densely pubescent, stipels slender subulate ‘2 in.
long, stipules lanceolate sparsely pubescent ‘3 in. long. Racemes dense
few-fid. at the end of sparsely pubescent peduncles 4 in. long, bracts
lanceolate densely pubescent ‘3 in. long, pedicels ‘1 in. Calyx °15 in.
long puberulous externally, teeth triangular except the lowest lanceolate
which is twice as long as the others and half as long as calyx-tube ;
bracteoles at base as long as bracts but rather narrower. Corolla bright
yellow ‘5 in. long glabrous. Pods ascending or almost erect, densely
clothed with spreading hairs, 1°5-2 in. long, *25 in. wide, compressed, 6-8
seeded. Seeds ‘15 in. long, ‘1 in. wide, dark brown, flat, oval, hilum one-
third as long as seed not very prominent, dissipiment between seeds not
pronounced. W. & A. Prodr. 245; Wall. Cat. 5889 in part only. P.
radiatus Roxb. Hort. Beng. 54; Flor. Ind. IIT, 296; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat.
I, 197 in part, not of Linn. P. Mungo var. radiatus Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. II, 203.

Prov. WELLESLEY; at Prye Dock, Curtis 2211! Perak; at Goping,
Kunstler 946! Disrrie. Wild in §.-E. Asia and also largely cultivated.

Very nearly related to P. sublobatus Roxb. (P. trinervius Heyne) which differs
in having narrower pods, more distinct dissepiments between the much smaller
seeds, and a rusty-red pubescence. This is the wild form of the plant cultivated in
India as the mdsh-kulai or urd crop; though it happens to have been named P.
Mungo by Linneus it is quite distinct from the Ming plant which has spreading pods
with smaller seeds and dark green leaves. The Mig is the species named P.
radiatus by Linnzeus.

9. Viena Savi.

Twining herbs or shrubs with pinnately 3-foliolate stipellate leaves.
Flowers in copious axillary racemes bracteoles conspicuous. Calyx cam- ~
panulate ; teeth short or long, the upper often connate. Corolla much
exserted ; keel truncate or exserted not spirally twisted. Stamens
diadelphous, anthers uniform. Ovary sessile many-ovuled; style long
filiform, bearded along the inner face below the oblique stigma. Pod
linear, subterete, subseptate. Species 40-50, mostly tropical ; one widely
cultivated. a

Keel not prolonged into a beak; pods glabrous :—
Stems trailing, a short few-seeded; a wild sea-coast

species - aes ews oe) La V. Fekeeat

Stems Ba a or eee pods long very many-seeded ; a

widely cultivated plant... “i mie wo. 2. V. Catjang.
’ Keel prolonged into a beak; pods suas va w. 3. V. pilosa,

1. Viana retusa Walp. Rep. I, 778. An extensively spreading
perennial trailing sea-coast species with glabrous stems. Leaves 3—4 in.

long, leaflets 3, pale green, glabrous ovate to obovate thinly fleshy,
ol

52 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

entire; apex obtuse or sometimes retuse base cuneate or rounded, 2 in,
long, 1:5 in. wide; petiole 1°5 in., glabrous ; petiolules ‘15 in. sparsely
hairy, stipels ‘06 in. recurved lanceolate glabrous, stipules *1 in. lanceo-
late basifixed. acemes rather densely 12—20-fid. on peduncles 2-6 in.
long, nodes 1-2-fid., the lowest °15 in. apart; pedicels slender puberulous
‘2 in. long, bracts ‘15 in. long membranous ovate-lanceolate very early
deciduous. Calyx campanulate faintly puberulous ‘12 in. long teeth
short deltoid. Corolla yellow, glabrous, ‘5 in. long. Pod 1°5-2°5 in, long
‘4 in. wide ‘25 in. thick, glabrous subtorulose, seeds 4-8. V. anomala
Walp. Rep. [. 779. V. lutea A. Gray in Bot. Wilkes Exped. I, 452;
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 205. Dolichos luteus Sw. in Prodr. Veg.
Ind. Occ. 105; DC. Prodr. 1I. 398. Phaseolus obovatus Grah. in Wall.
Cat. 5609.

Anpamans and NicoBaRs; common on all the coasts from the Coco
group and Narcondam south to Katschall and Kamorta, PrraKk;
Scortechini! Ridley 8011! Matacca; Grifith! A cosmopolitan littoral
species.

2. Viena Catsanc Walp. in Linnea XIII, 533. A suberect or
twining annual with glabrous stems. Leaves 4-8 in. long; leaflets
3 membranous pale-green ovate-rhomboid entire or slightly lobed, apex
acute base shortly wide-cuneate—of lateral leaflets obliquely, glabrous on
both surfaces, 2°5 in. long by 1°75 in. wide or rather larger (VAR. typica)
to 4 in. long by 3°5 in. or rather less (VAR. sinensis) ; petiole 1-5-4 in.
long glabrous, petiolules *15 in. long glabrous or puberulous; stipels
ovate obtuse ‘1 in., stipules ‘3-"4 in. long attached above the base, mem-
branous persistent ovate-lanceolate. Rucemes subcapitately few-fid. on
peduncles usually 1-4 in. long (var. typica) sometimes 8-12 in. long
(VAR. sinensis) ; pedicels short (under °‘l in.), bracts membranous, fixed
above base, deciduous. Calyx glabrous ‘4 in., teeth deltoid-cuspidate
one-third as long astube. Corolla yellow, white, or pinkish °75 in. long.
Pod 4-24 in. long, *3-"4 in. wide, scarcely depressed between the seeds ;
seeds 12-30 (in much elongated pods the spaces between the seeds are
greatly widened). Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 205. :

Var. typica ; suberect, leaves smaller and pods shorter. V, Catjang
Walp.; Endl. ex Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 188. Dolichos Catjang Linn.
Mantiss. 269; DC. Prodr. II, 399; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 55; Flor. Ind,
III, 303; Wall. Cat. 5549.

Cultivated in most of the provinces. .

Vak. sinensis ; twining, leaves larger and pods longer. Vigna sinen-
sis Endl. ex Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 386; Savi ex Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat.
I, 187. Dolichos sinensis Linn. Cent. Pl. II, 28; Amoen. Acad. IV,
326 ; DC. Prodr. II, 399; Roxb, Hort. Beng. 55; Flor. Ind. I1I, 302;

52

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 53

Wall. Cat. 5550; Bot. Mag. t, 2232; W.& A. Prodr. 250. D- tran-
quebaricus Jacq. Hort. Vidob. III, t. 70 ; DC. Prodr. IT, 400.

Cultivated in most of the provinces.

Widely cultivated in the Hastern Hemisphere; probably a native of S.-E. Asia,
but apparently not now known in a truly wild state.

3. Viena PILOsA Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 207. A slender
twining perennial with hirsute stems. eaves 5-8 in. long, leaflets 3,
green, downy to subscabrid on both surfaces, entire ovate-acute 3-6 in.
long, 1'5-2'5 in. wide, base truncate—of lateral leaflets unequally ; petiole —
2 in. long, closely downy, petiolules ‘05 in. only, stipeis subulate minute ;
stipules ‘1 in. lanceolate caducous, Racemes many-fid. 2-3 in. long on
peduncles ‘5-2 in. long, nodes 1-2-fld. all close together in flower, at
length ‘15 in. apart, pedicels *l in, downy, bracts minute. Calyz
campanulate oblique thinly silky, ‘3 in. long, lower tooth lanceolate as
long as tube one half exceeding the others. Corolla purple 75 in. long.
Pod 4-5 in. long, subcylindric -25 in. in diam., densely hirsute with
spreading hairs, septate within between the 8-12 subreniform shining ©
black seeds with truncated ends, ‘25 in. Iong ‘15 in. wide. Dolichos
pilosus Roxb. Hort. Beng. 55; Flor. Ind. III, 312; DC. Prodr. II, 397:
W.& A. Prodr. 249. Phaseolus difformis Wall. Cat. 5599.

ANDAMANS ; common, King’s Collectors! Disrris. India and Indo-
China.

10. Pacuyruizus Rich.

Wide-climbing herbs. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate with stipellate
lobed leaflets. Racemes long, with tumid nodes and fascicled pedicels;
bracts and bracteoles setaceous, caducous. Calyx 2-lipped, the limb as
long as the tube, the upper lip emarginate, the lower deeply 3-toothed.
Corolla much exserted, the petals subequal; keel obtuse. Stamens
diadelphous ; anthers uniform. Ovary subsessile, many-ovuled; style
long circinate at the apex, bearded down the inner side below the very
oblique stigma, Pod large, linear, turgid, deeply depressed between
the seeds. Species 2 or 3; the others Mexican and Angolan.

The oldest name for this genus is Cacara under which designation it was
published by Thouars (Dict. Sc. Nat. V, 35) twenty years before Richard’s name was

issued.

PacayRutzus ancuLatus Rich. ex DC. Prodr. II, 402. A large
strong climber with a tuberous root; stems stout, suffruticose, young
stems and branches deciduously downy. Leaves 8-9 in. long, trifoliolate ;
leaflets large, membranous glabrous as broad as long base entire deltoid
from middle of circumference anterior half deeply or shallowly lobed,
4 in. long, as much across ; petiole 5-6 in, long glabrous, petiolules ‘2 in. |

53

o4 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

long pubescent; stipels ‘1 in. subulate, stipules lanceolate puberulous
2 in. long. Racemes lax elongated 6-10 in. long on axillary peduncles
12 in. long and upwards, nodes 2-6-fld., lower sometimes 1 in. apart
often produced into branches °5 in. long ; bracts lanceolate *25 in. long
silky. Calyx campanulate, teeth triangular nearly equalling tube,
‘25 in. long, pedicels ‘3 in. long, bracteoles setaceous silky shorter than
calyx. Corolla purple 1 in. long. Pod at first adpressed-pubescent, at
length almost glabrous 6-9 in. long ‘5 in. wide, ‘2 in, thick, deeply de-
pressed along the valves between the 7-12 shining cinnamon-brown
flattened seeds °3 in. long, ‘25 in. wide. Wall. Cat. 5526; W. & A.
Prodr. 251; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. 1, 191; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT,
907. P. trilobus DC. Prodr. II, 402. Dolichos erosus Linn. Sp. Pl. 726,
D. bulbosus Linn. Sp. Pl., Ed. II, 1020; Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 309, D.
trilobus Lour. Flor. Cochinch. II, 535. Cucara erosa Kuntze Rey. Gen.
Pl. I, 165.

Cultivated in most of the provinces. Dzsrris. Cosmopolitan in the
_ tropics, probably originally American.

This is known, Mr. Curtis notes, as Obie Songnang in the Island of Penang.
The large tuberous root, white outside and inside of the appearance and consistence
of a turnip, is occasionally, according to Dr. Watt’s Dictionary of Hconomic Products,
6-8 feet long and as thick as a man’s thigh. It is eaten both cooked and uncooked,
is palatable enough but rather insipid. If the rules as to priority of names be
rigidly applied this must be known as Cacara erosa Kuntze.

11. DottcHos Linn.

Twining herbs with stipellate 3-foliolate leaves and minute sub- -
persistent bracts bracteoles and stipules. Flowers racemose or axillary.
Calyx-tube campanulate, teeth long or short. Corolla much exserted ;
its petals usually equal in length; keel obtuse or rostrate not spiral.
Stamens diadelphous; anthers uniform. Ovary nearly sessile, many-
ovuled; style thickened upwards and bearded down the inner edge or
filiform and penicillate round the terminal stigma. Pod flat, linear or
oblong, recurved. Species about 20, wide-spread in the tropics of both
hemispheres.

The only species so far reported from the Malay Peninsula belongs to the group
LaBiag, with a style thickened upwards from a narrow base, bearded down the
inner edge. This group is treated by Baker as a subgenus, by Taubert as a section,
of Dolichos. De Candolle, Wight & Arnott, and Kurz consider however, with Savi,
that it would be preferable to deal with this as the type of a distinct genus Lablab.

Douicuos LasiaB Linn. Sp. Pl. 725. A tall subglabrous wide
twining perennial or annual with round smooth or slightly downy stems.
Leaves 4-12 in. long, 8-foliolate ; leaflets entire ovate- acute, base cuneate
or deltoid, rather pale green, glabrous or slightly pubescent. beneath,

o4

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 55

2-6 in. long and almost as broad; petiole 2-8 in. long, glabrous ;
petiolules ‘2 in. long puberulous; stipels -15 in. long subulate smooth ;
stipules lanceolate ‘2 in. long basifixed. Racemes lax 6-9 in. long on
peduncles 5-8 in. long; pedicels fascicled *15--25 in, long on nodes
‘0-75 in. apart; bracts early deciduous. Calyx -2 in., teeth short
deltoid, bracteoles oblong *15-"2 in. Corolla white or pink ‘6 in. long.
Pod 15-2 in. long (in one rather unusual form 3 in. long) tipped with
the hooked persistent base of the style. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. it
209.

Var. typica; pods longer, seeds with long axis along the pod. D.
Lablab Linn. Sp. Pl. 725. D. lignosus Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 305 not of
Linn. Lablab vulgaris Savi, Diss. 19; DC. Prodr. IT, 401; W. & A.
Prodr. 250; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 189. D. cultratus Forsk. Flor.
Aigypt. Arab. 134. |

Perak; cultivated, Scortechini! ANDAMANS; cultivated, common,
Cultivated everywhere in the tropics of the Old World.

Var. lignosa; pods shorter broader at the end, seeds with long axis
across the pod. D. lignosus Linn. Sp. Pl. 726. D. Lablab Roxb. Flor.
Ind. III, 307 not of Linn. D. cultratus Thunb.. Trans. Linn. Soc. If, 220
not of Forsk. Lablab cultratus DC. Prodr. II, 402; W. & A. Prodr.
251; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. 1,190. LZ. microcarpus DC. Prodr. IT, 402;
Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 190.

ANDAMANS; cultivated. Cultivated throughout south-eastern Asia.

In deference to the great authority of Mr. Baker these two very distinct plants
are united specifically; they are however so different that they must be treated as
at least separate varieties.

12. Psopsocarrus Neck.

Twining herbs, with large tuberousroots. Leaves 3-foliolate, stipel-
late; stipules fastened above the base. Flowers rather large, lilac.
Calyx teeth shorter than the tube, the two upper connate. Corolla much
exserted, the petals equal in length ; keel much incurved, but not beak-
ed. Stamens monadelphous, the upper free downwards ; anthers uni-
form. Ovary substipitate, many-ovuled; style long, much recurved,
flattened laterally, densely bearded round the terminal stigma. Pod
square, with a distinct wing to each angle, distinctly septate between the
seeds. Species 3-4, all tropical in the Old World.

PSOPHOCARPUS TETRAGONOLOBUS DC. Prodr. II, 403. A slender
annual glabrous twiner with tuberous roots. Leaves 5-10 in. long ;
leaflets 3 ovate, acute or acuminate, base rounded or wide-cuneate,
margin entire or slightly waved, glabrous, green above, paler sometimes

slightly glaucescent beneath, 3-6 in. long, 2-6 in. wide; petiole 2-4 in.
aT)

56 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

glabrous, petiolules *15 in. sparsely hairy along the sides ; stipels lanceo-
late, glabrous ‘1 in. long, stipules oblanceolate acute towards both ends
from the almost median insertion, ‘3 in. long, glabrous. Racemes lax
4-6 fid.; peduncles 2-6 in. long ; pedicels geminate ‘din. long, bracts
small ovate, ‘08 in long. Calyx campanulate glabrous oblique ; upper
connate teeth rounded emarginate, lateral oblong rather exceeding
lowest ; bracteoles 2 ovate, striate, glabrous, attached slightly above the
base ‘15 in. long twice as large as bracts, half as long as buds. Corolla
blue or white 1:5 in. long. Pod 6-12 in. long, 1°35 in. wide, the wings
along the angles membranous ‘5 in. wide their margins crisped dentate
and laciniate; seeds 8-16, rounded. W. & A. Prodr. 252; Hassk. Pl.
Jav. Rar. 388 (var. a. only); Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 181 (var. a.
only). Dolichos tetragonolobus Linn. Syst., Ed. X, 1162; Roxb. Flor.
Ind. III, 305 (in part). D. ovatus Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5540.—Rumph.
Herb. Amb, V. t. 133.

Singapore; Hullett n. 75!

Cultivated throughout Southern Indo-China and Malaya.

13. Curroria Linn.

Scandent or suberect undershrubs, with showy flowers, 3--7-foliolate
leaves, stipellate leaflets and persistent membranous small stipules and
bracts and large bracteoles. Calyx membranous, tubular; teeth deltoid
or lanceolate. Corolla much exserted; standard spoon-shaped, very
large ; wings and incurved keel much shorter. Stamens monadelphous
or diadelphous; anthers uniform. Ovary stalked, many-ovuled; style
incurved, flattened, bearded along the inner side. Pod linear, flattish or
turgid. Species 27, in tropics of old and new world, mostly the latter.

Pod flattish, valves not keeled on the face (SuBcen.

Ternatea) ; stems scandent coe - . 1. C. Ternatea.
Pod turgid, with a rib along face of valves (SUBGEN.

Neurocarpum) ; stems suberect Ede
1. Currorra Ternates Linn. Sp. Pl. 753. A climber with slender
terete downy stems. Leaves 4, in. long, petiole ‘75 in., rachis glabrous ;
leaflets terminal and in 2-3 opposite pairs ovate or oblong obtuse sub-
1-2 in. long ‘75-1 in. wide, stipules small ‘2 in. long

2. C. cajanifolia.

coriaceous ;

lanceolate, stipels minute linear. Flowers axillary solitary pedicels
-35--5 in., bracteoles large roundish obtuse ‘20-"5 in. long. Calyx 5-75

in.; teeth lanceolate nearly as long as tube. Corolla 1-5-2 in. long;

standard 1 in. broad, bright blue with an orange centre or (in a com-

monly cultivated form) white. Pod flattish, valves smooth, 2-4 in. long,

‘35 in. wide, sparsely hirsute; 6-10-seeded. DC. Prodr. II, 233; Bot.
Mag. t. 1542; Roxb. Flor. Ind. IIT, 321; Wall. Cat. 5344; Mig. Flor.

Ind. Bat. 1, 226; Bak, in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 208.
56

y Oe

Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula. 57

ANDAMANS; commonly cultivated. PancKore; Scortechint! Dis-
TRIB. ; common throughout the tropics in gardens and as an escape.

2. CuLITORIA CAJANIFOLIA Benth. in Mart. Flor. Brasil. XV, 121.
A suberect undershrub with tereie pilose branches, Leaves 2-3°5 in.
long; petiole 1 in. and rachis adpressed-pilose; leaflets terminal and
in 1 lateral pair lanceolate or oblanceolate obtuse subcoriaceous 2-5 in.
long, *75-1 im. wide, glabrous above, densely grey-canescent beneath ;
stipules shortly triangular, pubescent, stipels subulate. lowers axillary
usually 2 en a pubescent peduncle l-1°5 in. long; bracteoles small ovate
or lanceolate. Calyx ‘75 in. long, teetl much shorter than tube.
Corolla 1°5-2 in. long; standard 1:5 in. wide pale-violet with a daull-
purple centre. Pod turgid, witha rib along face of valves, 1°25 in. long,
*35 In. wide quite glabrous, 5-7 seeded. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II,
209. Neurocarpum cajanifolium Presl. Symb. 17, t=. 9; Miq. Flor. Ind.
Bat. 1, 225. N. retuswm Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 376. Lotus fluminensis
Vell, Flor. Flaum. VII, t. 1$2.¢/95° |

Maracca and Sryeapore, in old clearings, common. Distrin. A
native of Brazil now naturalised in the localities mentioned, in Java,

and in Siam.

14. CeEntrosema Benth.

Twining herbs or shrubs; stems with woody base. Leaves pin-
nately 3-foliolate, stipellate; stipules persistent basifixed. Flowers very
large and showy witb persistent bracts and large persistent bracteoles.
Calyz-teeth short the upper pair connate or obsolete. Corolla much
exserted ; standard orbicular emarginate shortly spurred near base,
longer than the falcate obovate wings and the broad incurved slightly
shorter keel.. Stamens usually diadelphous; anthers uniform. Ovary
subsessile, many-ovuled, style incurved dilated at the apex, stigma
terminal beardless. Ped subsessile linear flattened, 2-valved, slightly
septate between the seeds, both sutures thickened and both valves
strongly ridged along the face paral to the sutures. Species about
25, all American.
_-Dr. Kuntze states (Rev. Gen. Pl. I, 163) that Bradburya Raf., reduced in the
Index Kewensis to Wistaria, is in reality this genus, and that Rafiuesque’s descrip-
tion refers to Centrosema virginiunum a species widely cultivated in Asia and now
quite naturalized in Java though not yet reported as an escape in cur area,

CrenTroseMA Piumrert Benth. in Ann. Wien. Mus. II, 118. A large
climber with woody base and twining slender firm glabrous or puberulous
branches. Leaves 6-10 in. long; leaflets 3 papery dark green glabrous
above puberulous on the nerves beuveatl broadly ovate acute or acumi-
‘nate 3-6 in. long, 2°5-5 in, across; petioles 3-6 iu., glabrous or puberu-
siftn) « ait! 2 . 57

58 Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula.

lous ; petiolules 15 in. pubescent ; stipels ‘25 in. long, lanceolate ; stipules
ovate-oblong persistent subscarious ‘4 in. Racemes 2-6-fid., peduncles
thick 1-2 in. long, pedicels usually geminate ‘1-15 in. long, bracts
pubescent orbicular-cucullate as long as |pedicels. Calyx °25 in. long,
oblique wide-campanulate glabrescent, upper tooth very short, lateral
wide blunt, lower longer lanceolate, completely hidden by the large
persistent coriaceous striate ovate obtuse bracts ‘6-75 in. long.
Corolla large, standard 1:75 in. long, 1-5 in. wide, white, or white with
erimson centre, pubescent externally ; wings white tipped with violet
or rose l in. long, '5 in. wide ; keel sometimes white, sometimes crimson.
Pod'6 in. long, *5 in. wide, straight, beaked by the persistent style 1 in.
long, both sutures thickened, the lower with narrow longitudinal wings
‘1 in, remote from the suture ; seeds 10-12 oblong or subglobose, hilum
oblong-linear, Mart, Flor. Bras, XV, I, 127. Clitoria Plumieri Juss.
in Pers. Synops. II, 303; Edwards, Bot. Reg. IV, 268. OC. fluminensis
Vell. Flor. Flum. VII, 312, t.128. Cruminium giganteum Desv. Ann.
Sc. Nat. Ser. I, 1X, 423.

Perak; at Kampar, Curtis 3140! Sincarore; Hullett 57! 669!
no doubt an escape from gardens, as it also is in Sumatra where it
has been found growing in forests near Lampar (Forbes n. 2599!) A
native of South America; cultivated in Asiatic gardens on account of its
handsome flowers.

15. Terramnus Sw.

Twining herbs, of slender habit. Calya-tube campanulate; teeth
distinct, subequal or two upper not so long. Oorolla little exserted ; pe-
tals about equal in length; standard not spurred. Stamens monadel-
phous; alternate anthers small, abortive. Ovary sessile, many-ovuled ;
style short, curved, beardless, stigma capitate. Pod linear, hooked with
the persistent style at the tip, flattish, septate between the seeds.
Species 4, belting the world in the tropics.

TeRAMNUS LABIALIS Spreng. Syst. III, 235. A wide-spreading
climber of slender habit with a few adpressed hairs on the stem. Leaves
2:5-4'5 in. long, petiele 1-1'5 in. sparsely adpressed-hirsute; leaflets 3
membranous or subcoriaceous ovate-oblong base rounded apex subacute
or at times, especially of lateral pair, obtuse, terminal 1-2°5 in. long
‘75-1°5 in. wide, lateral slightly smaller, green glabrescent above sparsely
adpressed-hirsute beneath ; stipules minute lanceolate deciduous ‘15 in.
long, stipels subulate ‘1 in. Inflorescence of elongated lax axillary
8-12-fid. racemes 2-3 in. long; pedicels ‘2 in. solitary below fascicled —
upwards, bracts narrowly lanceolate ‘1 in. long, bracteoles close under
calyx minute subulate. Caly# ‘15-2 in. long, 2-labiate, teeth subequal

58 bie a

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 59

lanceolate about as long as the narrowly campanulate tube. Corolla
“25 in. long reddish, standard emarginate, wings overarching the slight-
ly shorter keel. Pod glabrous recurved linear J-5-2 in. long, ‘2 in.
broad, 8-12 seeded. Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. VIII, 265; Bak. in
Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 184. Glycine labialis Linn. fil. Suppl. 325; Roxb.
Flor. Ind. 111, 318; W. & A. Prodr. 208; Wight, Ic. t. 168; Migq. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, 222. G. parviflora DC. Prodr. II, 242; Wall. Cat. 5508
(excl. G., H.) G. debilis DC. Prodr. II, 242. G@. pallens Grah. in Wall.
Cat. 5518.
Penane; Wallich 5518! Distris. Throughout the tropics.

Var. mollis Baker (Teramnus mollis Benth), should be looked for in the Malay
Peninsula, for though it has not yet been reported from our area it occurs in Barma
where it has been collected by Wallich and by Kurz, and again in Java where it appears
to be commoner than TI’. labialis proper. It is distinguished from T. labialis by the
presence of spreading hairs on the stem and by the pods being strigosely hirsute
with long spreading hairs. Its leaflets also are densely pubescent beneath and its
calyx-teeth are shorter than the tube,

16, Duioctea H.B. K.

Climbing shrubs. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate, stipellate. Flowers
blue or white, in elongated racemes with thickened nodes; bracts and
bracteoles caducous. Calyz-tube campanulate, teeth shorter than tube,
two upper quite connate. Corolla exserted ; petals about equal in length;
keel incurved but not beaked. Stamens monadelphous; the vexillary
stamen free below connate with the others in the middle shorter than the
rest and with a perfect anther; anthers of keel stamens (in Malay
species) alternately perfect and abortive. Ovary subsessile hirsute,
few-ovuled, style incurved beardless, stigma capitate, Pod oblong
turgid 1—3-seeded, flattened along the upper suture. Species 17-18, one
Indo-Malayan, one extending to Africa aud America, the rest tropical
American.

Leaflets glabrescent beneath, larger; flowers *75 in. long; calyx

teeth half as long as tube ... was + .. 1. D. reflexa.
Leaflets densely velvety beneath; flowers 1 in. long: ; calyx teeth
wider one-third the length of tube Se we 2. D. javanica.

1. Diocnea rEFLexa Hook. f. Niger Flora 306. A strong woody
climber 20-30 feet long with rounded black early glabrescent branches. -
Leaves 3-foliolate 9 in. long ; leaflets 3, dull green above paler beneath,
subcoriaceous when young sparsely hairy on both surfaces but early
becoming glabrous above and glabrous except for a few adpressed hairs
on the nerves beneath, ovate shortly acuminate with subtruncate base 5 in.
long 3 in. across, eas 4 in. long channelled above sparingly adpressed
hirsute ; petiolules 25 1 in. rEsiy pubescent, stipels ‘2 in, long, subulate,
59

60 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

stipules lanceolate °25 in. long, deciduous. Inflorescence in dense sub-
spicate racemes 6 in. long on axillary peduncles 8-12 in. long with 2-3
widely separated empty bracts; rachis rusty-tomentose, flowers 2-3
together on rounded alternate nodes ‘2-25 in. apart; bracts-‘o in. long
linear reflexed rusty-pubescent early deciduous. Calyx campanulate
‘4 in. long with two small obtuse bracteoles at base; pedicels “16 in.
long rusty-puberulous ; calyx teeth subequal except the broader trun-
cate upper triangular, half as long as tube. Corolla pale-pink *76 in.
long, staudard-limb orbicular emarginate. Pods few, 1-2-seeded ; 3-4 in.
long, 2 in. wide, “5 in. thick along upper suture, at first sparsely adpress-
ed rusty-silky at length glabrescent ; seeds discoid dark brown 1°25 in.
in diam. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IJ, 196. Dolichos hexandra Roxb.
Hort. Beng. 55. D. coriaceus Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5562.

ANDAMANS; very common, Helfer 1752! King’s Collectors! PENANG
or Singavore; Wallich! Perak; Larut, Kunstler 5718! Disrei.
Silhet; trop. Africa; trop. America.

The vexillary stamen in this and the next species is free at the base though
not above; it is rather shorter thin the others and bears a perfect anther; the
anthers of the 9 stamens that constitute the keel-sheath are alternately perfect and

abortive thus giving 5 perfect anthers on the sheath and a sixth perfect anther on
the vexillary stamen; hence Roxburgh’s excellent specific name.

Dr. Wallich did not obtain this species at Penang and Singapore; his note on
the sheet of Cat. n. 5562 at Calcutta states that he had forgotten the precise locality
but was of opinion that he obtained the specimen either at Penang or at Singapore.

2. Diocnza savanicA Benth. Pl. Jangh. 236. A rather slender
woody climber 20-30 feet long with rounded black early glabrescent
branches. Leaves 3-foliolate 6-7 in. Iong; leaflets dull green above,
coriaceous, beneath densely rusty-velvety, ovate shortly acuminate with
subtruncate base 4 in. long 2°25 in. across, petiole 2-3 in. long channelled
above, rusty-velvety ; petiolules ‘25 in., velvety, stipels ‘2 in. long
subulate ; stipules lanceolate ‘25 in. long, deciduous. Inflorescence in
dense subspicate racemes 6 in. long on axillary peduncles 8-12 in. long
with 2-3 widely scattered empty bracts; rachis densely velvety, flowers
2-3 together on rounded alternate nodes ‘2-25 in. apart; bracts ‘5 in.
long linear reflexed rusty-pubescent early deciduous. Calyx campanu-
late ‘5 in. long with two small obtuse bracteoles at base; pedicels ‘15
in. long rusty-puberulous; calyx teeth subequal except the broader
truncate upper wide triangular, one-third as long as tube. Corolla
pale-pink 1 in. long, standard-limb orbicular. Pods few usually 1-2-
sometimes 3-seeded ; 3-5°5 in. long, 2 in. wide, ‘5 in. thick along upper
suture; at first densely rusty-tomentose at length glabrescent; seeds

discoid 1°25 in. in diam. Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 217. D. Fergusonii
Thwaites Enum. 412. |

60 ©

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 61

Perak; Larut, Kunstler 5196! 10320! Wray 2000! Matacca .
Maingay 520! Disrris. Ceylon; Chittagong; Java.
Very nearly related to the preceding and perhaps only a form of that species.
At the same time the characters by which they are separable are very constant in
all the specimens of both that the writer has seen, and from the field-botanist’s point
of view, at least, it is just as well to follow Mr. Bentham in separating them.

17 Pives kth DC.

Twining shrubs or herbs with stipellate pinnately 3-foliolate leaves :
leaflets sometimes palmately lobed. Flowers sometimes appearing before
leaves, large or small, densely fascicled, in long often compound racemes.
Calyx teeth long or short the two upper connate. Corolla distinctly
exserted ; standard usually spurred at the base equalling in length the
obtuse wings and keel. Stamens more or less thoroughly monadelphous ;
anthers uniform. Ovary sessile. or nearly so, many-ovuled ; style
filiform much incurved beardless, stigma capitate. Pod linear, flattish.
Species about 12, mostly Indo- Citees

1. Poupraria pHaseoLoipes Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. IX, 125.
A slender creeper 20-39 feet long with adpressed-pubescent slender
hardly woody stems, and slender twining branches clothed with spread-
ing greyish-brown hairs. Leuves contemporaneous with flowers, 6-8. in.
long; leaflets 3, membranous dull-green thinly adpressed-hirsute above,
dark greenish-grey and densely velvety-tomentose beneath, triangular
ovate base wide cuneate—of lateral pair obliquely, apex subobtuse mar-
gin entire repand or slightly 3-lobed, sub-3-nerved at base, 3-4 in. long,
2-3 in. wide, petiole 3-4 in., densely clothed with spreading hairs,
petiolules “2 in. long; stipels small subulate weak ‘1 in. long, stipules
small lanceolate basifixed. Injlorescence of long: pediincled axillary
racemes of fascicled flowers; peduncle 6-8 in. and rachis puberulous ;
racemes 4 in. long, fascicles ‘25-"5 in. apart 4-5-fid., pedicels *2 in.
puberulous, bracts aud bracteoles lanceolate rather “nite clothed with
adpressed bristly hairs, the bracteoles subpersistent. Calyx campan-
ulate. 25 in. long clothed with adpressed bristly hairs, teeth unequal
upper broad, and lower lanceolate as long as tube and one-third larger
than lateral triangular, all setaceous at tip. Corolla pale-blue and white,
°6 in. long, standard-limb suborbicular distinctly spurred. Pods numer-
ous, at first puberulous, at length glabrescent slightly recurved at the
tip, 3°5 in. long only ‘2 in. wide. Seeds about 16,°15 in. long ‘1 in. wide,
truncate at ends, dark brown, testa dull minutely rugulose. Bak. in
Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 199 (excel. syn. P. subspicata Bth.). Dolichos
phaseoluides Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 316. D. viridis Ham. in Wall. Cat.
0099. Neustanthus phaseoloides Benth. Pl. Jungh. 235 ; Miq. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 219. Phaseolus decurvus Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5612,

61

6a. Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

ANDAMANS; at Port Blair, Prain! Penana; Wallich 5612! Perax;
Goping, Kunstler 1062! 2456! 5117! Scortechini 591! 1441! Ipoh,
Curtis 3151! Dustris. S.-E. Asia.

18. Canavatia DC.

Large twining perennials or biennials with stipellate pinnately 3-
foliolate leaves and showy flowers. Calyx deeply tubular, limb 2-labiate,
the upper lip projecting, entire or emarginate the lower shortly 3-toothed.
Corolla far exserted ; standard large roundish; wings shorter equalling
the incurved obtuse keel. Stamens monadelphous; anthers uniform.
Ovary obscurely stalked many-ovuled ; style incurved beardless, stigma
terminal. Pod large linear or oblong, flat or turgid with a longitudinal
ridge along each margin of the flattened upper suture. Species 10-12,
mostly American.

Pods not turgid, deeply double-channelled along the dorsal

suture :-—
Pods 1°5-2 in. across ; flowers many bab we Ll. C. ensiformis.
Pods *5—75 in. across ; flowers few we 2 C. lineata.
Pods turgid, almost flat aes the dorsal neat endocar
separating — «ss oe 3 C. obtusifolia.

1. CANAVALIA ENSIFORMIS DC. ‘edge II, 404. A large biennial or
perennial climber with glabrons stems and branches. Leaves 3-foliolate
10-12 in. long; leaflets green paler beneath, membranous, when young
puberulous, very soon quite glabrous ovate-acute, base rounded—in
lateral pair slightly obliquely ; 5-6 in. long, 2°5—4 in. wide; petiole 6
in. long glabrous, petiolules ‘25 in.; stipels ‘15 in. subulate very
early deciduous ; stipules small triangular ‘1 in. long, caducous. In-
florescence in lax 12-20-fld. racemes 3-8 in. long on axillary peduncles
4-6 in. long; flowers solitary or geminate from swollen nodes *3—6 in.
apart, pedicels ‘1-15 in., bracteoles minute ovate caducous. Calyx
campauulate, sparsely puberulous reticulate-veined °6 in. long, upper lip
oblong emarginate one-third the length of tube. Corolla lilac or white
1:5 in. long, limb of standard orbicular emarginate. Pods few, long,
linear-oblong, slightly curved, dorsal suture strongly 3- keeled and
deeply 2-grooved between the keels, 5-20-seeded, in length varying
from 6-24 inches, in depth from 1°5-2 cat distance between outer ridges
of dorsal suture ‘5 in. Seeds white, grey or more usually red, 1°25 in. ©
long, °75 in. wide. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. H, 195. C. gladiata DC.
Prodr. II, 494; Wall. Cat. 5531; W. & A. Prodr. 253; Miq. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 216. Dolichos ensiformis Linn. Sp. Pl. 725. D. gladiatus Jacq.
Coll. II, 276; Roxb. Hort. Beng. III, 300.

In some of the provinces, cultivated; as it almost universally is
throughont the tropies.

62

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. | 63

The writer follows Mr. Baker in identifying the American Dolichos gladiatus
(Canayalia gladiata DC.) with the Asiatic Dolichos ensiformis (Canavalia ensiformis DC.)

2. Canavaia Linzata DC, Prodr. II, 404. A glabrous perennial
on rocky or sandy sea-coasts. Leaves 3-foliolate 8-9 in. long; leaflets
pale-green thickly membranous ovate or orbicular, obtuse with or
without a short point, or retuse, base cuneate, 2-3 in. long and 2-3 in.
across; petiole 3-5 in. long somewhat fleshy, glabrous; petiolules
25 in., stipels "15 in. subulate very early deciduous; stipules small
triangular ‘1 in. long caducous. Inflorescence in long-peduncled 4-8-fid.
racemes on peduncles 10-16 in. long; flowers solitary or geminate
from swollen nodes *3-5 in. apart, pedicels "1-15 im. bracteoles
minute ovate caducous. Culyx ecampanulate sparsely puberulous
reticulate-veined ‘6 in. long, upper lip oblong subentire one-fourth
the length of tube, Corolla violet 1 in. long, limb of standard orbicular
emarginate. Pods few, short, linear-oblong, straight, dorsal suture

- strongly 3-keeled and deeply 2-grooved between the keels, 4-6-seeded,
3-5 in. long, ‘75 in. deep; width between outer ridges of dorsal suture
‘3 in. Seeds dark-brown’ 5 in, long. Somoko-Dusets XIII, t, 20.
Dolichos lineatus Thunbg. Flor. Japon. 280. D. obcordatus Roxb. Flor.
Ind, II, 303. Canavalia obtusifolia Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 196,
not of DC; Cleghorn, Madr, Journ. (n. s.) I, t. 4, |

PaHanG; Sungei Kelang, Ridley! PzEyana ; common on sand-banks
along the coast, Curtis 1714! Singapore; Hullett 514! Distrte. Coasts
of India, Indo-China, Malaya, Chiua, Japan, Polynesia, Australia.

3, CANAVALIA oBTusIFoLIA DC, Prodr, IT, 404. A large biennial
climber with glabrous stems and branches. Leaves 3-foliolate 10-12 in.
long; leaflets green, membranous, when young puberulous very soon
quite glabrous, ovate-acute to rounded with a shortly acuminate tip, base
rounded to subtruncate; 5-6 in. long 3°5-4°5 in. wide; petiole 6 in.
long, glabrous ; petiolules -25 in. ; stipels -15 in. subulate, very early
deciduous ; stipules small triangular *1 in. long, caducous. Inflorescence.
in lax 12-16-fid. racemes 3-8 in. long, on axillary peduncles 6-12 in.
long; flowers solitary or geminate from swollen nodes ‘3-5 in. apart,
pedicels *1-15. in., bracteoles minute ovate caducous. Calyx campanu-
late, sparsely puberulous, faintly ridged and not very distinctly reticu-
late-veined, *5 in. long, upper lip rounded hardly emarginate, scarcely
longer than lower and not one-sixth the length of tube. Corolla blue
and white, 1 in long, limb of standard orbicular slightly emarginate.
Pods few, short, turgid, slightly curved, dorsal suture faintly 3-keeled,
spaces between keels wide and plane, not grooved, 3-t-seeded, length |

3-5 in., depth 1°75-2°'25 in., width of dorsal suture between outer keels -

-*75in. Seeds pale umber with gamboge streaks, °75 in. long 5 in. broad,
. 63

64 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

embedded in the woolly separable endocarp. Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. TI,
215. (C. turgtda Grah. in Wall. Cat. n. 5534 A; Mig. in Flor. Ind. Bat.
I, 215. (C, ensiformis var. turgida Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. 11,196. Doli-
chos obtusifolius Lamk. Eneye. Meth. II, 295. D. rotundifolius Vahl,
Symb. II, 81; Roxb. Flor. Ind. ITT, 302.—Rheede Hort. Malab. VIII, t.
43 ;Pluken. Almag. t. 51, f. 2.

AnpamMAns; Coco Group and Narcondam, Prain! Mid. Andaman,
Kurz! S. Andaman, Kurz! Man! King’s Collector! Little Andaman,
Prain! Perak; Scortechini 1391! Kunstler 1123! Panexore; Scorte-
chini 978! PenanG; Wallich 5534! Sincarore; Pulo Obin, Hullett 330!
Disrris. Indian, Indo-Chinese and Malayan coasts.

There is no doubt that, ia the first place, this is C. obtusifolia DC. ; that, in the
second place, it is not C. ebtusifolia Bak., in Flor. Brit. Jnd.; and that, finally, it is
specifically distinct from C. ensiformis of which the Flora makes it a variety. It is
however, particularly unfortunate that, while the leaflets of C. lineata are almost
always “obtuse,” those of C. obtusifolia rarely are.

19. Muoctna Adans.

Perennials and annuals of wide-twining habit. Leaves ample,
stipellate, always 3-foliolate. Flowers large, showy, usually dark purple,
turning quite black when dried. Calyx-tube campanulate; two upper
teeth quite connate ; lowest longer than the middle ones. Corolla much
exserted; standard not more than half as long as the rostrate keel,
which usually a little exceeds the wings. Stamens diadelphous ; anthers
dimorphous, like those of the Genistee. Ovary sessile, many-ovuled ;
style incurved, beardless, stigma capitate. Pod very variable in shape
and sculpture, usually covered with brittle needle-like irritating bristles.
Species about 30, spread everywhere in the tropics.

Perennials; pods flat, seeds large flattened, with a hilum
extending round the greater part of their periphery (Sub-
gen. ZOOPHTHALMUM) :—
Pods with plaits across their faces (§ Citta) :—
Racemes long lax simple, bracts large boat-shaped ;
pods with broad wings, over which the oe do not
extend, down the sutures - .. 1. M. imbricata.
Racemes short corymbose, bracts aes lah with
transverse plaits that extend across the usually nar-
rower sutural wings :—
Peduncles naked at base; bracteoles longer than
buds; calyx-teeth long; podsone-seeded; margins of :
transverse plaits simple, and of sutural wings entire 2. M. monosperma.
Peduucles bracteate at base; bracteoles shorter
than buds; calyx-teeth very short; pods two-seeded;
margins of plaits 2-plicate, and of sutural wings ie

iucised i i z. .- 3, M., biplicata,
64 .

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 65

Peds without plaits across their faces (§ Carpopogon);
(wide-winged down both sutures) :—
Racemes short corymbose, bracts large boat-shaped ... 4. M. acuminata.
Racemes Jong-peduncled, umbellifurm, bracts minute... 5. MM. gigantea.
Annuals; pods turgid, hooked; seeds small oval with small
lateral hilam (Subgen. Srizotosru) sae -- 6. M. pruriens.

Suscen. 1. ZooputHatmum. Perennial climbers; seeds large more
or less flattened, with a long hilum extending round the greater part of
the periphery.

§ Cirra. Pods plaited across their faces.

1. Mucuna impricata DC. Prodr. IT, 406. A large woody climber
with slender glabrescent branches. Leaves 9-15 in. long; leaflets 3,
membranous, green, glabrous above, glabrous or with a few adpressed
hairs beneath, ovate-oblong cuspidate, base rounded—of lateral Jeafiets
obliquely, 5-7 in. long, 3-3°5 in. across, petiole glabrous 4-8 in. long,
petiolules -2 in., stipels subulate ‘15 in.; stipules linear ‘25 in. long.
Inflorescence of lax 8-10-fid. axillary racemes, pedicels ‘35 in. long 1-3
together from swollen nodes towards upper third to fourth of peduncle
5-15 in. long, and in the axils of large boat-shaped deciduous bracts
1:25 in. long 1 in. wide glabrous on both surfaces rounded at apex
except the acute or subacute lowest, forming at first a strobilate head.
Calyx -75 in. long sparsely covered externally with brown deciduous
irritating bristles, tube wide-campanulate hardly longer than the wide
triangular teeth; flower-buds with a bracteole similar to bracts but
much smaller and more early deciduous, at base of calyx. Corolla
2-2°25 in. long dull purple or white with purple spots; keel abruptly
inflexed at tip standard 1 in. across 1-25 in. long ; wings *d in. wide.
Pod oblong 4°5-6 in. long 2°25 in. across, wings along the sutures ‘5 in.
wide, plaits °35 in. deep hardly crossing the wings ; clothed in all parts
with brown deciduous bristles; seeds 2-3. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind.
11,185. Citta wigricans Lour. Flor. Cochinchin. 557. Carpopogon imbri-
catuza Roxb. Hort. Beng. 54. Stizolobium imbricatwum Kuntze Rev.
Gen. Plant. 1,208, Zoophthalmum nigricans Prain MSS.

ANDAMANS; in the interior forests, common. Distris. Himalayas
from Kamaon, eastward ; and throughout Indo-China.

Most nearly related, amongst Malayan species, to Stizolobium Junghuhnianum
Kuntze (Rev. Gen. Plant. I, 208) from Java, which has very similar bracts. The pods,
however, are in that species slightly narrower with rather narrower wings across
which the plaits extend more completely. The branches, petioles, leaves and bracts
of M. Junghuhniana are moreover strigosely hispid and the calyx and pods are
more densely bristly. Nearly related also is M. cyanosperma K, Schum., from the.

Moluccas. — ;
65

66 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

2. Muoucuna monosperma DC. Prodr. II, 406. A large woody
climber with deciduous rusty down on young branches. Leaves 6-9 in.
long; leaflets 3 thinly subcoriaceous green glabrous above, when young
rather closely rusty-downy beneath, ovate-oblong cuspidate base rounded
—of lateral leaflets obliquely, 3-4 in. long 2-2°25 in. across, petiole 3-5 in.
long at first rusty, soon glabrescent; petiolules ‘25 in., stipels subulate
‘1S in.; stipules linear ‘2 in. Inflorescence corymbose 6—12-fid., axillary,
peduncles usually *o-1 in. occasionally elongated 2°5-3 in. long, at first
rusty-puberulous as are the pedicels ‘25—5 in. long ; bracteoles at base
of calyx lanceolate -6 in. long, exceeding the buds; bracts small tri-
angular ‘15 long very early deciduous and leaving small sears at base of
pedicels. Calyx ‘4 in. long densely covered with pungent deciduous
bristles, tube campanulate twice as long as unequal teeth ; upper tooth
truncate lateral deltoid lower linear. Corolla 15 in. long, purple; keel
abruptly inflexed at tip, wings °25 in., standard ‘6 in. long ‘5 in. wide.
Pod 2°75 in. long 2°25 in. wide broadly oblong, wings along the dorsal
sutures ‘5 in. wide along ventral ‘25 in., plaits ‘3 in. high crossing the
wings to their margins; clothed in all parts with brown deciduous
bristles; seeds solitary. Wight in Hook. Bot. Misc. II, 346, Suppl. t.
12; W. & A. Prodr. 254; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 214; Bak. in Flor.
Brit. Ind. I], 185. M. anguina Wall. Pl. As. Rar. III, 19 t. 236.
Carpopogon monospermum Roxb. Hort. Beng. 54; Flor. Ind. III, 283.
C. anguineum Roxb. Hort. Beng. 54. Zoophthalmum monospermum Prain
MSS.

ANDAMANS ; everywhere very common in the interior jungle.

3. Mucuna Bieticara Teysm. & Binnend. Cat. Hort. Bog. 261.
A large woody climber 30-40 feet long with slender glabrous branches.

Leaves 9-12 in: long; leaflets 3, chartaceous dull green, glabrous on both

surfaces ovate-oblong, cuspidate, base rounded—of lateral leaflets obliquely,
6-8 in, long, 5 in. across, petiole glabrous 4-6 in. long, petiolules °25 in.,
stipels subulate -15 in. long; stipules linear ‘2 in.; pulvinus swollen
puberulous.’ Inflorescence corymbose axillary 2 in. long; peduncle rusty-
pubescent arising from an axillary node, its neck surrounded by a num-
ber of small triangular acute scaly bracts ‘15 in. long emitting at once
1-4 3-6-fid. branches 1-5 in. long, main rachis corymbosely branched or
simple 15-18-fid., bracts at base of pedicels small triangular immediately

deciduous ; pedicels ‘2 in. long; bracteoles at base of calyx ‘2 m. long, .

oblong much shorter than buds. Calyz greenish-brown densely covered

with deciduous pungent bristles, “35 in. long, tube wide-campanulate, teeth

extremely short. Corolla dark-purple 1:75 in. long; keel abruptly in

flexed at tip, wings 1:25 in. long, standard °75 in. wide. Pod hardly

stipitate 3°5 in. long 1:75 in. wide; plaits oblique very close-set their
66

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 67

edges double with reflexed margins, covered with close pungent brown
bristly pubescence ; marginal wings lobed between the plaits. M. atro-
purpurea Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II. 186 in part and as to the Malacca
plant only. M. anguina Scheff. Nat. Tijd. Ned. Ind. XXXII. 413 not of
Wall. Zoophthalmum biplicatum Prain MSS.

Maracca; Maingay, 590. Penanc; Gapis Pass, Curtis 2989!
Perak ; Ulu Kewanta, Scortechint 925! Sunga Ryah, etc. Kunstler 868!
3915! 6805! 8330! Wray 3746! Disrris. Sumatra (Forbes 2649!)
Borneo.

There are at Calcutta both flowering and fruiting examples of Teysmann
and Binnendyk’s original species cultivated in the Buitenzorg garden; these are
identical in every detail with this common Sumatra and Malay Peninsula plant.
The pods much resemble those of M. atropurpurea, to which it comes nearest and
with which it has been identified by Mr. Baker. But, besides the double edge to
the plaits on the pods, whence the name, the Malayan differs from the Indian
species in having larger leaflets, shorter inflorescences, a calyx with an almost
truncate mouth and a collar of scaly bracts at the neck of the peduncle similar to
but smaller than those that occur at the base of the peduncle in M. bracteata of the
subgenus Stizolobiwm.

§ Carropocon. Pods not plaited across their faces.

4. Mucuna acuminata Grah. in Wall. Cat.5621. A slender creeper
20-80 feet long with sparingly adpressed-puberulous branches. Leaves
6-10 in. long; leaflets 3, membranous dull green glabrous above.
sparingly puberulous especially on the nerves beneath, ovate-oblong
rather abruptly acuminate, base rounded or subtruncate—of lateral
leaflets obliquely, 2°5-4 in. long 2-35 in. wide, petiole glabrous, 4-6 in.
long; petiolules ‘25 in. adpressed-puberulous ; stipels subulate “15 in.
long, stipules linear ‘2 in. Inflorescence when young in strobilate heads,
corymbose, axillary, 2-3 in. long, peduncle grey-pubescent arising from
an axillary node, its neck with a collar of small triangular acute scaly
bracts ‘15 in. long emitting at once 1-4 4-8-fld. usually bifurcate
branches; bracts at base of pedicels deciduous large boat-shaped |
externally finely grey-pubescent, 75 in. long, *5 in. wide; pedicels grey-
pubescent at length ‘4-6 in., bracteoles at base of calyx ‘3 in. long,
deciduous, lanceolate, as long as buds. Calyx glossy pale-brown densely
covered with deciduous pungent bristles, ‘5 in. long, tube wide campa-_
nulate twice as long as unequal teeth ; upper tooth truncate, lateral wide-
deltoid, lower linear longer than the others. Oorolla 1*75-2 in. long,
keel not abruptly inflexed at tip; wings as long as keel and twice as
long as the standard ‘7 in. wide. Pod not quite ripe, 3 in. long, 1°5 in.
across, broadly winged down both sutures but not plaited on the faces,
copiously clothed especially along the wings with deciduous yellow-
brown irritating bristles; seeds 3. Zoophthalmum acwminatum Prain

MSS.
: 67

68 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Penana; Wallich (Cat. n. 5621)! Prrax; Kinta, Kunstler 7038!
Sincaporn; Chan Chu Kang, Ridley 2075! Disrris. Java (Forbes nz.
493!) «

» Mvcuna cicganrra DC. Prodr. II, 405. A long very slender
climber sometimes reaching 250 feet! with slender glabrous branches.
Leaves 5-9 in. long ; leaflets 3, subcoriaceous dark green, dull, glabrous
on both surfaces; oblong cuspidate, base of terminal cuneate of lateral
obliquely rounded, 4-5 in. long, 2:5 in wide, petiole glabrous 5 in. long ;
stipels subulate *15 in,, stipules linear ‘2in.long. Inflorescence a pendulous
umbelliform corymb terminating a slender glabrous peduncle 4-18 in.
long and bearing near its apex usually 3 sometimes 5-7 small projecting
puberulous nodes each emitting 3-5 slender readily disarticulating grey-
pubescent pedicels °75 in. long ; bracts and bracteoles both minute and
very early deciduous. Calyx °5 in. long green with a few pungent
bristles, tube rather cylindric ‘5 in. across, teeth all very short the upper
wide subtruncate, the other three in bud shortly triangular at length
obsolete. Corolla sickly greenish-yellow or white 1°25-1°5 in. long, keet
not abruptly inflexed at tip; wings 1-125 in., standard °75 in. long °6 in.
wide. Pod broadly winged down both sutures faces smooth or with
oblique cross ridges but never distinct plaits; 3°5-6in. long, 2 im. across,
clothed with deciduous yellow-brown irritating bristles; seeds 2-4.
Wall. Cat. 5619; W. & A. Prodr. 254; Wight in Hook. Bot. Mise. II,
351, Suppl. t. 14; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 213; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. Il, 186. M. corymbosa Grah. in. Wall. Cat. 5622. Dolichos giganteus
Willd. Sp. Pl. IIT, 1041. Carpopogon giganteum Roxb. Hort. Beng. 54;
Flor. Ind. III, 286. Stizolobiwm gigantewm Kuntze Rev. Gen. Plant. I,
208. Zoophthalmum giganteum Prain MSS.

Anpamans; Coco Group, Praia! Middle. Andaman, Kurz! South
Andaman, Liebig! Kurz! Man! Little Andaman, Prain ! always close to
salt-water creeks or in Mangrove-swamps. Narcondam, near sea beach,
Prain! Perak; Scortechint! Panane; Ridley 1227! Distris. A httoral
species on Indian, Indo-Chinese, Malayan and Polynesian Coasts.

Supgen. 2. Srizonopium. Annual climbers; seeds ovoid with a
small lateral hilum.

6. Mucona prurtens DC. Prodr. I, 405. A slender annual climb-
er with adpressed-pubescent branches at length glabrescent. Leaves
6-9 in. long ; leaflets 3, membranous ovate-rhomboid, green glabrescent
above grey-silky and lustrous beneath, the lateral pai very oblique
truncate at base, all 3-5 in. long 2-3 in. wide ; petioles 25-45 in. long,
adpressed silky, petiolules *2 in. long, stipels ‘15 in. long subulate, _
stipules lanceolate *2 in. long. Inflorescence of short-peduncled racemes
- yarying}from 1 in, to 1 foot in length and from 3-30-fid., drooping, rachis

68 J,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 69

finely silky, pedicels short ‘15-25 in. usually solitary from lateral pro-
jecting nodes; bracts ‘5 and bracteoles °3 in. lanceolate, grey-silky,
lustrous. Calyx ‘4 in. long with a few pungent bristles, tube campanu-
late hardly as long as the lower lanceolate tooth and equalling the
lateral lanceolate and upper triangular tooth. Corolla purple 1:25-1°5
in. long; keel slightly incurved, wings nearly as long, standard °6 in.
long and about as broad. Pod 2-3 in. long ‘5 in. wide, turgid, ridged
longitudinally, recurved in the lower half and abruptly hooked at the tip;
clothed with dense, intensely pungent subpersistent bristles at first dark
purplish brown at length steel grey to pale rusty-brown; seeds 5-6.
Wall. Cat. 5616; Wight in Hook. Bot. Misc. II, Suppl. t. 13.; Bak.
in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 187. M. prurita Hook. Bot. Misc. II, 348;
W.& A. Prodr. 255; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 211. M. utilis Wall. ex
Wight Ic. t. 280. Dolichos pruriens Linn. Syst. Ed. X, 1162. Stizolo-
biwm pruriens Pers, Synops. II, 299; Kuntze Rev. Gen. Plant. I, 208,
Carpopogon pruriens Roxb. Hort. Beng. 54; Flor. Ind. ITI, 283. ,
AnpDAMANS: Great Coco, near N. Andaman, common, Prain ! PERAK;
Kampong Kota, Wray 3326! Distris. Throughout the tropics,

20. SrronerLopon Vogel.

Twining herbs, with firm stems and with stipellate 3-foliolate leaves
Flowers in long lax racemes. Calyx campanulate, gibbous; teeth short,
obtuse, imbricated. Corolla much exserted; standard lanceolate, re-
curved ; wings obtuse, more than a third as long; keel curved, as long
as the standard, narrowed into a long beak. Stamens diadelphous
anthers uniform, Ovary stalked, few-ovuled, style filiform beardless ;
stigma capitate. Pod oblong, turgid. Seeds as large asa bean, with a
hilum running more than half round. Species 3, Polynesian.

STRONGYLODON RUBER Vogel, Linnea X, 585. An extensive climber
with quite glabrous thin hollow but firm stems. Leaves 8 in. long,
petioles 2 in. long glabrous; leaflets 3, bright green, glabrous on both
surfaces membranous shining above, ovate, shortly bluntly cuspidate
subequal, 4 in. long 2°5 in, wide, terminal rounded at base with petiolule
1 in., lateral obliquely cuneate at base with short petiolules; 3-nerved
at base, central nerve with 2-3 pairs of arching lateral nerves all visible
beneath ; stipels lanceolate membranous ‘15 in. long, stipules triangular
*25 in. long membranous. Inflorescence in copious axillary racemes with
peduncles 4-6 in. long of 30-40 1-3 fd. fascicles of pedicellate flowers
arising from small produced nodes with obsolete bracts; pedicels slender
spreading, ‘5-75 in. long. Calyx glabrous ‘3 in. long tubular ; teeth very.

short rounded; 2-bracteolate at base, bracteoles caducous. Corolla
bright-red 1 in. long, standard lanceolate acute, the short obtuse wings

69

70 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

intimately attached to lamina of narrowly-lanceolate curved keel. Pod
oblong 3 in. long, obliquely pointed, distinctly stalked, 2 seeded. Walp.
Ann. IV, 559; A. Gray, Bot. Amer. Explor. Exped. 446 t. 48; Thwaites
Enum. 89; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 191. Rhynchosia lucida DC.
Prodr. I], 389.

ANDAMANS; common, Prain! King’s Collectors! Distr1B. Ceylon;
Polynesia.

21. EHErytarina Linn.

Trees with prickly branches. Flowers large, coral-red, in dense
racemes, produced usually before the development of the large constantly
3-foliolate leaves. Calyx oblique, spathaceous, finally slitting down to the
base or campanulate-bilabiate. Petals very unequal; standard always
much exserted and considerably exceeding the keel and wings. Upper
stamen free down nearly to the base or connate with the others half
way up the filaments; anthers umiform. Ovary stalked, many-ovuled;
style incurved, beardless; stigma capitate. Pod linear, fertile turgid
and torulose throughout, or flat and seedless below. Species 25-30,
principally tropical, in both the New World and the Old, and at the
Cape.

Pods turgid and seed-bearing throughout their length;

stipels replaced by ovate-glands as long as broad; seeds
with a very large oval hilum :—
Calyx spathaceous, oblique not at all 2-lipped, splitting
to the base down the back (§ Stenotropis); leaflets
membranous subreniform or triangular, green on both
surfaces; flowers narrow, standard entire at apex ... 1. HE. indica.
Calyx campanulate, somewhat 2-lipped, not splitting to
the base (§ Micropteryz); leaflets subcoriaceous ovate-
oblong, glaucous beneath; flowers broad, standard
emarginate oat 4 sa .. 2. HE. ovalifolia.
Pods flat, seedless and indehiscent in their lower half
( § Hypaphorus) ; stipels replaced by oblong glands
longer than broad; seeds with a small hilum; (calyx
somewhat 2-lipped; leaves membranous ovate-acute,
green on both surfaces; flowers narrow, standard entire
Ab tip) ar iene veg ae ta .. 8 HE. lithosperma,

Susaen. 1. Srenorropis Hassk. Calyx spathaceous, oblique not at
all 2-lipped, finally split to the base down the back. Pod turgid and
seed-bearing throughout.

1. Eryrarina rnpicA Lamk Encyce. Meth. II, 391. A tree 60 feet
high with thin grey bark, armed with minute conical dark-brown
prickles. Leaves 8-12 in. long; petioles 4-6 in. long unarmed, when —
young densely brownish-grey puberulous when full-grown glabrescent —

70

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 71

especially in the upper half; leaflets 3, membranous, uniformly bright
green, densely brownish-grey puberulous when young when full-grown
quite glabrous, terminal subreniform lateral pair slightly oblique
triangular, all subcuspidate at apex and subtruncate at base, 4-6 in. long,
terminal rather broader than, lateral hardly so broad as long ; petiolules
‘3-4 in. long; stipels represented by ovate glands ‘J in. diam. that
remain attached to the rachis on the fall of the leaflets; stipules flaccid
lanceolate “4 in. long softly brown-puberulous early caducous. JInflores-
cence of dense racemes 4-6 in. long on stout spreading woody peduncles
3-4 in. long; flowers 1-3 im axils of small triangular puberulous
deciduous bracts, pedicels ‘25 in. long at first brown-puberulous with 2
subulate puberulous deciduous braciteoles -15 in. long at base of calyx.
Buds narrowly spindle-shaped slightly falcate puberulous. Calya 1-1:25
in. long, soon glabrescent, mouth very oblique splitting to the base
down the back the tip with 5 teeth of which 2 or casually 3 are narrow-
ly subulate ‘2 in. long much exceeding the others. Corolla bright-red
2-2°5 in. long, standard 1 in. wide, wings and free keel-petals subequal
about ‘5-"6 in. long. Ovary softly grey-puberulous 2 in. long, stalked.
Pod 6-12 in. long on a stalk 75-1 in. long, black glabrescent distinctly
torulose 6-8-seeded, usually the lowest and 1-3 of the uppermost seeds
abortive, valves ultimately irregularly shred, hardly distinctly dehiscent ;
seeds subreniform ‘6 in. long ‘4 in. wide testa warm-brown, hilum large
oval dark-grey with pale margin. DC. Prodr, II, 412; Roxb. Flor. Ind.
Til, 249; Wall. Cat. 5963; W. & A. Prodr. 260; Wight, Ic. t. 58 ;
Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 207; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 188, #,
spathacea Wall. Cat. 5965, fide Baker. EE. Corallodendrum Linn. Sp. Pl.
706, in part. FE. cuneata Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5967, fide Baker.

ANDAMANS; on all the coasts common, Kurz! Prain! N ICOBARS ;
common behind the sea beaches, King’s Collectors! Purax; Scortechini !
Matacca; fide Baker in Flora of British India. Dusrripe. Sea-shores of
S.-E. Asia, from the Sunderbuns to the Malay Archipelago and
Polynesia.

This, as a wild species, is purely littoral; where it occurs inland it has cer-
tainly been planted. ,

Mr. Baker refers here EZ. cuneata Grah. which the writer has not seen; also
E. spathacea Wall. Cat. 5965. What Wallich’s 5965 B. & C. (which were doubtfully
identified with 5965) may have been, it is difficult to say ; they were Himalayan
plants and are not at Calcutta. But the Calcutta example of 5965 A is not named:
E. spathacea as in the Lith. Cat., but is named E. stricta; the specimen belongs
moreover to E. stricta and not to E. indica.

Supgen. 2. Microrreryx Walp. Calyx campanulate, more or less
distinctly 2-lipped, but not splitting down to the base. Pod turgid and.
seed-bearing throughout.

= 71

72 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

2. EIRYTHRINA OVALIFOLIA Roxb. Hort, Beng. 53. A tree 30-40
feet high with spreading branches, bark grey, stem 1°5-2 feet diam.,
armed with thick-based dark-brown prickles. Leaves 8-12 in. long;
petioles 4-5 in. long sparsely prickly, when yourg very sparingly
puberulous, when full grown quite glabrous; leaflets 3 subcoriaceous
deep green above glaucous beneath quite glabrous on both surfaces,
terminal ovate or ovate-oblong 4-6 in. long 2°5-3°5 in. across, lateral
pair similar but rather smaller, base rounded or wide-cuneate apex
obtuse or subacute; petiolules ‘25 in. long; stipels represented by ovate
persistent glands ‘1 in. in diam.; stipules membranous orbicular deci-
duous ‘15 in. across. Inflorescence in lax 8-20-fld. racemes 3-6 in. long
on stout spreading peduncles 5-8 in. long; flower 1-3 in axils of small
broadly ovate deciduous puberulous bracts; pedicels puberulous °3 in.
long with similar but smaller bracteoles at base of calyx. Buds narrow-
ly ovate, puberulous. Calyx *5 in. long, *6 in. wide deeply 2-lobed.
Corolla 2 in. long dark velvety-brown with deep scarlet tinge, standard
15 in. wide emarginate, wings ‘75 in., keel-petals coherent 1 in. long.
Ovary softly grey-puberulous, stalked. Pod 6-8 in. long 6—8-seeded on
a stalk ‘5 in. long, pale-brown puberulous, valves more distinctly dehis-
cing by the sutures; seeds subreniform ‘5 in. long, ‘3 in. wide, testa
brown, hilum large oval. Roxb. Flor. Ind. ITI, 254; Wall. Cat. 5961 ;
Wight Ic. t. 247; Benth. Pl. Jungh. 237; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 207;
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II. 189. LH. holosericea Kurz, Journ. As. Soz.
Beng. XLII, pt. 2, 69 as to flowers. Duchassaingia ovalifolia Walp. in
Linnea XXIII, 742. f .

Perak; Kinta, Kunstler 7215! Matacoa; Maingay 528! Dis-
Tris. S.-H. Asia, from Assam and Bengal to the Malay Archipelago
and Polynesia.

Mr. Kurz’s Erythrina holosericea (Corallodendron holosericeum O. Kuntze, Rev.
Gen. Pl. I, 172) is a spurious species manufactured by combining in one diagnosis a
description of the flowers of E. ovalifolia and of the leaves of E. lithosperma;
the mélange had been sent to Herb. Calcutta by an officer of the Indian Forest
Department under the idea that it came from one tree. The citation of this
species by Kuntze (loc. cit.) while that author is taking the opportunity to
(as the writer thinks) unnecessarily restore an obsolete generic name, might lead to
the conclusion that Kuntze had made an effort to verify the validity of the
Kurzian species, as to the existence of which Mr. Baker had already expressed a
doubt (Flora of British India II, 190). It is obvious, however, that Kuntze has
done nothing of the kind and it would seem from this citation that the object of
much of the bouleversement effected by priority-hunting ‘“ botanists” is less the
restoration of generic names that have been improperly suppressed than a search
for opportunities of posing as the authorities for species of whose characters they
are ignorant.

72

In the Herbarium of Mr. Curtis, of the Penang Forest Department, is a solitary

ar

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. Re te

Specimen of an Hrythrina belonging to this section, collected in Langkawi. The
flowers are precisely those of EH. suberosa,a glabrous form of which is common in
Burma and Tenasserim; it may, therefore, well belong to that species. But the
solitary branchlet is densely prickly whereas it is a feature of both the tomentose
Indian and the glabrous Indo-Chinese form of EF. suberosa to have almost unarmed
branchlets: As moreover, Mr. Curtis’ specimen is without leaves, the writer cannot
on its authority alone, formally include #. swberosa among the Malayan species.

Suscen. 3. Hyrapnorus Hassk. Calye campanulate more or less
distinctly 2-lipped, but not splitting down to the base. Pod flat seed-
less and indehiscent below, 1-3-seeded towards upper half.

3, HERYTHRINA LITHOSPERMA Migq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 209 not of Blume.
A tree 40-60 feet high with spreading branches, bark white, stem 2 feet in
diam., armed with strong prickles. Leaves 10-12 in. long; petioles 4-5 in.
long with a few prickles or unarmed, when young brownish-grey
puberulous soon glabrous; leaflets 3 membranous uniformly bright
green densely brownish-grey puberulous when young soon quite glabrous,
triangular-ovate cuspidate at apex, terminal wide-cuneate at base 4-6 in.
long 3-4 across, lateral pair rounded at base rather smaller; petiolules
*3 in. long; stipels represented by oblong glands ‘15 in. long ‘1 in.
across ; stipules deciduous shortly ovate-acute flaccid densely puberulous.
Inflorescence in short rather dense racemes 3-4 in. long on stout spreading
woody peduncles 5-8 in. long, flowers 1-3 in axils of minute ovate-
acute bracts; pedicels *2 in. long puberulous, minutely bracteolate at
base of calyx. Buds puberulous ovate. Calyx ‘3 in. long, softly per-
sistently puberulous, equally 2-lpped. Corolla 1:5 in. long, standard
oblong obtuse, crimson or crimson with white stripes, wings and keel
‘5 in. long subequal. Ovary compressed faintly puberulous. Pod
glabrous pale-yellow, 4-8 in. long, 1:25 in. wide in the wing like com-
pressed seedless indehiscent lower half to two-thirds, ‘6 in wide in the
upper 1-3 seeded dehiscent portion ; seeds subreniform *75 in. long -4in.
wide, testa almost black, hilum small elliptic pale. Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. Il, 190. #. swmatrana Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 304; Kurz, As.
Soc. Beng. XLII, 2, 70. EH. secundiflora Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 378 ;
Benth. Pl. Jungh, 237 not of Brotero. LH. holosericea Kurz, Journ. re
Soc. Beng. XLII, 2, 69 as to leaves.

PenanG; Wallich! Purax; at Kinta, Kunstler! at Waterloo, Curtis
2982! Scortechini (a MSS, description only.) Srycarore; Hullett!
Distris. Indo-China, from the Shan Plateau, to the Malay Aivoliiyeiaoee.

Mr. Kurz, as Mr. Baker remarks, has pointed out that the present species is
Erythrina sumatrana Mig.; authentic examples of EZ. swmatrana in Herb. Caleutta,
show that this is the case. But the only difference between EH. swmatrana Miq.
and &. lithosperma Bl. (ex Miq. in Flor. Ind. Bat.),—to which Mr. Baker has referred
the Indo-Chinese plant that agrees in every respect with the Sumatra and Perak one,—

73

74 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

is in the size of the pods; those of E. swmatrana are rather larger than those of E.
lithosperma. Both species are retained in the Index Kewensis but the writer
agrees with Mr. Baker in believing that they do not deserve to be treated even as
separate varieties. Kurz further states that H. lithosperma Blume ex Miq. in Flor.
Ind. Bat. is not the same as EH. lithosperma Bl. Cat. Bogor., which, according to
Kurz, was introduced to the Buitenzorg garden from Manritius. Koorders and
Valeton, in their valuable Java Herbarium, issue the common wild Java plant which
only differs from E. swmatrana in having rather smaller pods, under the name
E. lithosperma ; they have however in every case named the plant E. lithosperma Miq.
not E. lithosperma Bl. In their Bijdragen II], these authors explain that Blume’s
“ EB. lithosperma” is only E. indica; this being the case the name £. lithosperma, but
on Miguel’s authority, not as that of Blume, is still available for the present species.
Here again Kuntze’s pretentious Revisio fails to assist the serious student; Kuntze
claims the authorship of both, as Corallodendron lithospermum and C. swmatranwm
respectively, thus clearly indicating that he has failed to make himself acquainted
with the characters of either.

22. Spatnonosus Hassk.

Woody climbers, with 3-foliolate stipellate leaves. Flowers small
or middle-sized, in ample terminal panicles, extending into the axils of
the upper leaves, the pedicels densely fascicled at the tumid nodes.
Calyx campanulate ; teeth lanceolate or oblong-deltoid, the upper two
connate. Corolla distinctly exserted, its petals subequal, the keel
obtuse, nearly straight. Stamens diadelphous ; anthers uniform. Ovary
sessile or stalked, 2-ovuled ; style incurved, beardless, stigma capitate.
Pod flat, winglike, indehiscent, seedless below; thick, 1-seeded, tardily
dehiscent at tip. Species 10, the others Malayan and one Tropical
African.
Leaflets not twice as long as broad, the terminal leaflets dis-
similar, rhomboid; (leaflets large 3 in. across manifestly

_ pubescent beneath, rachis prolonged beyond attachment of
lateral leaflets ; flowers blue or purple} :—

Leaflets pnberulous above, uniformly tomentose beneath ;

flowers ‘25 in. long, distinctly pedicelled bad .. L. 8. ferrugineus.
Leafiets glabrous above, tomentose only on the nerves :
beneath ; flowers ‘15 in. long, very shortly pedizelled .. 2. 8S. gyrocarpus.

Leaflets at least twice as long as broad, all subsimilar
lanceolate or oblanceolate to ovate :—
Leaf-rachis hardly prolonged beyond the insertion of
lateral leaflets, leaflets large 3°5 in. across (sparsely pubes-
cent on the nerves beneath) 43 Be ... 3. S&S. bracteolatus.
Leaf-rachis distinctly prolonged beyond the insertion of
lateral leaflets, leaflets medium or small not more than 2
in. across :—
Petiolules and leaflets beneath finely adpressed puber-
ulous (stipels manifest flexuous) :—
Petiolules twice as long as stipels, flowers pink, }
branches of panicle lax ; leaflets elliptic-acuminate... 4. S. acuminatus.

74

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 75

Petiolules shorter than stipels, flowers white, bran-
ches of panicle strict, leaflets ovate-lanceolate acute 5. 8S. dubius.
Petiolules and leaflets beneath glabrous :—
Leaflets thickly coriaceous (oblong, stipels obscure .
rigid) flowers purple, calyx densely rusty-pubescent... 6. 8. crassifolius.
Leaflets chartaceous, flowers white, calyx glabres-
cent or puberulous :—
Leaflets oblong, stipels obscure rigid, calyx glabres-
cent, branches of panicle strict ei .. @ 8. Maingayt.
Leaflets oblanceolale, stipels manifest flexuous,
calyx finely puberulous, branches of panicle lax ... 8. 8S. Ridleyi.

1. Sparnonosus Ferxucineus Benth. Pl. Jungh. 238. A robust
woody climber 30-60 feet long with a stem 3-6 in. thick; branchlets
densely rusty-tomentose, brown beneath the tomentum, cylindric. Leaves
9 in. long; leaflets 3, coriaceous dull green puberulous above, every-
where rusty-pubescent beneath, terminal ovate apex obtuse base rounded,
5-6 in. long 3 in. across, lateral obliquely elliptic 4°5-5°5 in. long as wide
as terminal, lateral nerves 5-7 pairs ascending and midrib prominent
beneath, cross-nerves and fine reticulate venation very distinct ; petiole
3—4 in. long rusty-pubescent, petiolules ‘25 in. also densely rusty ; stipels
subulate small; stipules broad-based triaugular ‘25 in. long, very densely
rusty, deciduous. Inflorescence 8-10 in long, in lax axillary panicles
with stout densely rusty-pubescent somewhat flattened peduncles,
branches 4—6 in. long again paniculate the bracts at their bases triangu-
lar subpersistent; pedicels distinct ‘2 in. long in fascicles of 2-0,
bracteoles shorter than buds. COalya densely rusty-pubescent ‘2 in.
long, teeth deltoid shorter than tube subequal except the rounded slight-
ly emarginate upper. Corolla claret-coloured to dark-blue, ‘25 in. long,
standard oblong deeply notched. Pod 3-5 in. long, softly velvety,
semi-transparent except at the seed-bearing tip, ‘7 in wide below ‘3 in.
wide at seed-bearing apex. Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I; 204. Drebbelia
ferruginea Zoll. in Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. III, 79.

PrRAK ; very common at low elevations, Wray 1941! 2008! 2381!
3258! Scortechini 213! 1466! Kunstler 3566! 6862! 7904! Panane;
Govt. Hill, King! Abrams! Curtis! Matacca; Maingay 530! Griffith!
Derry 1203! Goodenough 1437! Singapore ; Hullett 211! Ridley 3609!
Distris. Sumatra, Java, Borneo.

From Singapore comes also a form collected twice by Mr. Ridley (n. 5578!
n. 6394!) with a close red-silky tomentum beneath. This bears to ordinary S. ferru-
gineus very much the relationship that Butea sericophylla Wall. bears to S. Roxburghii
(Butea parviflora) and it has not therefore been here separated as a variety, though
it is certainly a very distinct “form” of S. ferrugineus. While very near S..
gyrocarpus this species is quite readily separable by its nearly always rather smaller
leaves ; its always different tomentum ; its always larger flowers with much longer
pedicels, and its differently shaped more persistent bracts. The fruits are however,

: . 75

76 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

exceedingly similar; but this is true also of 8. acuminatus, 8. riparius, 8. sqywamiger
and S. Listeri, four species that have fruits hardly distinguishable from those of
S. gyrocarpus and 8. ferrugineus.

Judging from the field notes of Mr. Kunstler and from a manuscript description
written by Father Scortechini, 8S. ferrugineus, though a large climber, rarely if ever
attains the dimensions of S. gyrocarpus, the next species.

2. SparHotopus Grrocarpus Benth. Pl. Jungh. 238. A robust
woody climber sometimes over 100-150 feet long with a stem 4-6 in.
thick ; branchlets closely shortly rusty-pubescent, black beneath the
tomentum, slightly angular. Leaves 12 in. long; leaflets 3 subeoriaceous
bright green and glabrous above rusty-pubescent on all veins and nerves
beneath, terminal obovate-rhomboid apex rounded with a short point
base cuneate, 5-6 in. long, 4°5—5 in. wide, lateral obliquely elliptic 5—6 in.
long 3°5-4 in. wide base obliquely rounded apex as in terminal; lateral
nerves 6-8 pairs ascending and midrib prominent beneath, cross-nerves
and fine reticulate venation very distinct ; petiole 4—6 in. rusty puberu-
lous, petiolules °3 in. also rusty ; stipels subulate small; stipules broad-
based ovate-lanceolate ‘3 in. long very early deciduous. Inflorescence in
lax axillary panicles sometimes 12 in. Jong with stout somewhat flatten-
ed rusty-puberulous peduncles, branches 6-8 in. long again paniculate,
the bracts at their bases small lanceolate early deciduous ; pedicels very
short, bracteoles at base of calyx linear shorter than buds early deci-
duous. Calyx grey silky-pubescent ‘1 in. long, teeth deltoid shorter
than the tube subequal except the triangular slightly notched upper.
Corolla deep-claret to dark-blue, ‘15 in. long, standard wide-orbicular
deeply notched. Pod 3-5 in. long 1 in. wide below, seed-bearing tip
‘3 in. wide, softly velvety, semitransparent except at the seed-bearing
apex. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 193; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 204.
Butea gyrocarpa Wall. Cat. 5442.

Perak; very common at low elevations, Kunstler 3181! 7770!
8182! 10390! 10458! Penang; Wallich 5442! Stoliczka! DistTR1B.
Philippines.

This, though common, appears to be hardly so frequent as the last species which
it much resembles, especially as regards pods. The tomentum of this species is
however, less dense and less red than in S. ferrugineus and the flowers are about half
the size. This has never been sent to Calcutta from Malacca though 8. ferrugineus
is very plentiful there.

3. SPATHOLOBUS BRACTEOLATUS Prain, A slender creeper 15-20 feet
‘long with sparsely rusty-pubescent branches. Leaves 10-12 in. long ;
leaflets 3 ovate-acute or shortly acuminate, the tip slightly mucronate,
subcoriaceous glossy bright green on both surfaces very sparsely beset
with short rusty adpressed hairs, midrib beneath prominent more

densely adpressed-pubescent, lateral nerves ascending 8-9 pairs promi- —

76 :

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 77

nent, cross-nerves distinct, terminal and lateral subequal subsimilar-
8-9 in. long, 35 in. across; petiole 2-2°5 in. long densely adpressed
rusty-pubescent, scarcely prolonged beyond attachment of lateral leaflets,
petiolules ‘3 in. long also densely rusty; stipels short subulate, stipules
‘25 in. long, deciduous, membranous, densely rusty, lanceolate; leaves —
towards ends of branches sometimes 1-foliolate. Inflorescence in termi-
nal and axillary panicles 15-2 ft. long, branches 3-4 in. long again
paniculate, with smaller sometimes 1-foliolate leaves at their bases, or
bractless ; pedicels very short, bracteoles at base of calyx lanceolate
‘2-25 in. long, longer than buds, early deciduous. Calyx pale-brown
pubescent, ‘15 in. long, lower teeth sublinear central longer than lateral
all shorter than calyx tube, upper lip triangular. notched at apex. Corolla
shortly exserted small, colour not noted, standard orbicular- oblong
slightly retuse. Pod not seen.

Perak ; in dense jungle on Gunong Batu Pateh, at 3000-4000 feet,
Kunstler n. 8079 !

This in externals more resembles 8. Roxburghii than it does any other Malayan
species, and may possibly be the plant from Penang, noted by Mr. Baker as having
been confused by Dr. Wallich with S. gyrocarpus under Cat. n. 5442; at Calcutta,
however, all the specimens of Cat. n. 5442 are genuine S. gyrocarpus. The present
plant was not identified with any species at Kew and in any case it is certainly not a
form of S. Rowburghii; it differs in having smaller flowers; narrower, relatively
longer bracteoles, and much longer stipules—the latter in 8. Roxburghii are triangular
and though wider at the base are only ‘15 in. long. The stipels on the other hand
are small and obscure and the most striking difference between this plant and
8S. Roxburghii, or indeed between it and any other species of S%patholobus is that the
rachis of the leaf is so shortly prolonged beyond the attachment of the lateral pair
of leaflets that the leaf is at times subdigitately 3-foliolate.

4, SpaTHOLoBusS acuminatus Benth. Pl. Jungh. 238. A robust
climber with branches at first minutely downy soon glabrescent. Leaves
8-10 in. long ; leaflets 3, all oblong-cuspidate rounded at the base, 4-6
in. long, 15-2 in. across, subcoriaceous, pale green on both surfaces
glabrous above, under the lens very minutely and sparsely puberulous
beneath, midrib prominent beneath very sparsely shortly puberulous,
lateral neryes 8-10 pairs spreading very slender, fine reticulations
distinct but not prominent; petiole 2-4 in. long glabrescent, petiolules
‘2 in. adpressed puberulous ; stipels short subulate, stipules ovate-lanceo-
late °25 if. long 15 in. wide, very early deciduous. Injlorescence in short
axillary panicles 6-8 in. long, branches 1:5-2 in. long again paniculate ;
pedicels slender usually 2-3 together ‘2 in. long. Calyx puberulous 15
in. long, teeth oblong obtuse half as long as tube the upper sKghtly
emarginate. Oorolla ‘4 in. long, bright red (fide Baker), standard orbi-
cular emarginate. Pod 3-5 in. long, softly velvety, semi-transparent

except at seed bearing tip, ‘7 in. wide below ‘3 in. wide at tip. Mig.
; | 77

78 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 204; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 194. Sapindacea
Wall. Cat. 8082. Butea acuminata Wall. Cat. 5448.

Penance; Wallich 8082! AnpAMANS; common, King’s Collectors !
Distris. Martaban.

The solitary Malayan specimen at Calcutta that appears referable to this species
is one issued by Dr. Wallich as Sapindacea sp. (Cat. n. 8082); this specimen is not
dealt with in the Flora of British India. So far as it goes it agrees better with
Dr. Wallich’s Martaban specimens of 8. acuminatus (Cat, n. 5443) than it does with
any Malayan species of Spatholobus, to which genus it manifestly belongs; the
specimen is, however, only in very young flower. No one has met with it in Penang
since Dr. Wallich collected it.

Mr. Baker’s description of S. acwminatus does not apply to Dr. Wallich’s Butea
acuminata in so far as the lengths of the panicles and of the pedicels are concerned.
His description would apply to Wall. Cat. 5907 (Pongamia rosea Grah.) which Mr.
Baker also includes here; Pongamia rosea certainly is a Spatholobus but is a species
very distinct from S. acuminatus. There are not at Calcutta examples of Wail. Cat.
5908 or Wall. Cat. 9054; both are here excluded because Mr. Baker expresses a
doubt regarding both. The first may indeed prove to be the same as Spatholobus
riparius Prain; of the second nothing can be said because, in the Flora of British
India, it is referred not only to S. acuminatus, but also to Derris thyrsiflora.

The Andamans specimens are absolutely ifeatical with Wallich’s original
specimens (Cat. 5443) from Martaban.

5. SparHotopus pusius Prain. A large climber 100-150 feet long,
stem 6-8 in. diam, with round adpressed-puberulous branches. Leaves
6-8 in. long; leaflets 3 ovate-acuminate base rounded the tip slightly
mucronate, coriaceous glossy bright green, glabrescent.above adpressed-
puberulous beneath, lateral nerves ascending 8-9" pairs prominent
beneath, cross-nerves distinct; terminal 2-6 in. long 1°5-3 in. wide,
lateral subsimilar rather smaller; petioles 1°56 in. long puberulous,’
petiolules -15 in. pubescent; stipels subulate ‘15-2 in. long, stipules
lanceolate ‘2 in. deciduous; leaves towards ends of branches sometimes
l-foliolate. Inflorescence in terminal and axillary spreading panicles
the former sometimes 8 in. the latter 4 in. long, sometimes 2-3 from
same axil, Bracts lanceolate persistent adpressed-pubescent ‘15 in.
long equalling the pubescent solitary or fasciculate pedicels; bracteoles.
minute. Calyx adpressed-pubescent, ‘12 in., campanulate, teeth short
triangular except the 2-fid upper. Corolla °25 in. long, pure white,
standard orbicular retuse. Pod not seen.

Perak; Gunong Bubu, 800-1200 feet, Kunstler 7585! Panana;
Govt. Hill, Curtis 2970 !

A very distinct species apparently nearest to S. littoralis Hassk. from which it
differs n having the lower lip of calyx toothed and the leaves uniformly puberulous
beneath. The shortness of its petiolules, which are equalled and often exceeded in,
length by the subulate stipels, renders the species easily distinguishable.

6. Srarsonosus crassironius Benth. Pl. Jungh. 238, Apparently

78

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. (oe

a strong climber, branches at first rusty-pubescent at length glabrescent.
Leaves 8-10 in. long, all oblong-cuspidate, cuneate at the base, 4-6 in.
long 1°5-2 in. wide, thickly rigidly coriaceous, dark green and quite
glabrous on both surfaces midrib prominent beneath glabrous, lateral
nerves 6—7 pairs and secondary nervation very slightly raised ; petiole
2-4 in. long glabrous, petiolules ‘2 in. glabrescent; stipels short subulate
often obscure, stipules lanceolate ‘2 in. long very. early deciduous. JIn-
florescence of short axillary panicles 8-9 in. long, branches about 2 in.
long, again paniculate, peduncles rusty-pubescent with a few ovate-acute
deciduous leaf-scales at their base; pedicels very short, rusty-pubescent.
Calyx densely rusty-velvety, *1 in. long, teeth all deltoid shorter than
the tube. Corolla -2 in. long, dark-purple, limb of standard much
broader than deep, deeply emarginate at apex subcordate at junction
with claw. Pod not seen; when immature with a stalk (fide Baker.)
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 194. Pongamia ? crassifolia Grah. in Wall.
Cat. 5913.

Penane; Wallich! Dusrris. Silhet.

This is very distinct by reason of its leaves and (from Mr. Baker’s description)
on account of its stipitate pod. Dr. Wallich’s original specimens from Silhet and
Penang seem undoubtedly examples of one species; strangely, it has not been sent
again to Calcutta from either locality.

7. Sparnotopus Marncayr Prain. A large climber with glabrous
branches. Leaves 4-5 in. long; leaflets 3 ovate-acute base rounded tip
slightly mucronulate, thickly coriaceous glabrous on both surfaces, lateral
nerves ascending 5-6 pairs slightly prominent beneath cross-nervation
distinct but not prominent; terminal 3 in. long 1°75 in. wide; lateral
rather smaller; petiole 2 in. glabrous, petiolules ‘25 in. quite glabrous;
stipels subulate ‘1 in. long, stipules ovate ‘1 in. long, deciduous.
Inflorescence in terminal and axillary panicles 6-8 in. long. Bracts
minute subulate persistent puberulous, as are the rachis and pedicels
shorter than calyx; bracteoles very minute. Calyx adpressed-puberulous
‘12 in. long, campanulate, teeth all short rounded. Corolla white °25 in.
long, the standard orbicular deeply emarginate. Ovary hirsute 2-ovuled.

Matacca; Maingay 611! Perak; Kunstler 3535! 4652! 6906!
10428! Scortechini 206! 1537! Singapore; Ridley!

This evidently quite common species has never yet been reported in fruit. It
appears from a note in Herb. Calcutta that Mr. Kurz had supposed it might be the
same as S. macropterus Miq.; the flowers, however, differ slightly and, in their vena-
tion, the leaves of the two species differ markedly. Father Scortechini on the other
hand thought when he collected it that this might be Derris (Aganope) macrophylla, a
reasonable supposition in the absence of fruit since the flowers of Spatholobus are
very like the flowers of Aganope and since the obscureness, and indeed at times
apparently total absence, of stipels from the leaves of this species leads to their being

79

80 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

easily overlooked. There are, however, very few specimens without stipels on some
of their leaves and the writer has therefore followed Mr. Kurz in referring the
plant to Spatholobus. The matter cannot, however, be conclusively settled till pods
are obtained and examined. The only other species with equally obscure stipels is
8. crassifolius, of which, however, Mr. Baker has seen immature fruit.

8. Sparnotosus Ripteyr Prain. A climber with glabrous slightly-
angled branches. Leaves 6 in. long; leaflets 3 subequal oblanceolate
apex acuminate tip mucronulate base cuneate, papery quite glabrous on
both surfaces, 3-3°5 in. long 1-1:25 in. wide; petiole glabrous 1°5 in.
long, petiolules glabrous ‘2 in. long; stipels small rigid subulate, often
very obscure; stipules lanceolate *25 in. long subrigid parallel-veined.
Inflorescence in axillary racemes 3 in. long 1 in. wide, bracts and brac-
teoles minute deciduous. Calyx +12in. campanulate adpressed-pubescent,
upper tooth truncate the others rounded half as long as tube, pedicels °2
in. long, adpressed-puberulous. Corolla ‘25 in., white, standard orbicular,
limb slightly auriculate, apex retuse. Pod 4 in. long, | in. wide below,
seed-bearing tip ‘4 in, across; sparsely puberulous, reticulate-veined,
semitransparent except at apex.

SINGAPORE ; Ftzdley 6401 !

A very distinct species though nearest to S. macropterus Miq.

23. InpicgorerRa Linn,

Herbs or shrubs more or less densely clothed with adpressed hairs,
with (in Malayan species) compound odd-pinnate leaves. Flowers small
in copious axillary racemes. Calyx minute campanulate ; teeth 5, sub-
equal or the lower longest. Corolla caducous, standard obovate; keel
straight, not beaked, laterally spurred near base. Stamens diadelphous,
anthers uniform apiculate. Ovary sessile many-ovuled; style short
incurved, stigma capitate penicillate. Pod linear-cylindric several-seed-
ed. Species about 250; in all tropical regions and in temperate South
Africa.

The genus is hardly a Malayan one; the above definition applies, as to foliage,
only to the species that occur in the Malay Peninsula.
Herbaceous; stems densely pubescent; pod short straight :
pubescent ane ei . iL, J. hareuta.
Shrubby ; stems faintly sonitt, ; pod balatinisedile —
Calyx deeply cleft, about half as long as corolla; pods

reflexed :—

Leaflets ovate-acute ; racemes dense, pods short much

recurved ... vce) oie ne

Leaflets obovate- Shines racemes ey pods fonden straight

or only slightly recurved at the tip , ... 8 I. tinctoria.
Calyx shortly tcothed, hardly 3 as long as cuiaie. pods :
ascending, an Pas si .. 4 I. galegioides.

80

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. ‘81

1. Inpicorera nresota Linn. Sp. Pl. 751. An annual or bien-
nial suberect herb 1-3 or 4 feet high; stem densely covered with
soft short spreading grey or brown pubescence. Leaves 2-5 in. long,
short-petioled ; leaflets terminal and in 2-5 opposite pairs, obovate 1-2
in. long, membranous greyish-green above, glaucous beneath, densely
coated with adpressed hairs; stipules setaceous, plumose. Racemes 2-6
in. long, short-peduncled, very dense-fid. Calyx densely pubescent,
‘15 in. long; teeth setaceous plumose; tube very short. Corolla ‘2 in.
long, little exserted, purple or red. Pod ‘5-7 in long, straight, densely
covered with spreading grey pubescence, 6-S seeded. DC. Prodr. IT, 228 ;
Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 376 ; Jacq. Ic. I, 569 ; Wall. Cat. 5450 ; Hook. Comp.
Bot. Mag. t. 24; W.&A. Prodr.I, 204; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I. 304; Bak.
in Flor. Brit. Ind. I], 98. I. ferruginea Schum. & Thonn. Pl. Guin. 370.

PananG; Ridley! Penana; Curtis! Matacca; Ridley! Singapore ;
Hullett! Disrris. Tropics generally.

2. Inpicorera AniL Linn. Mantiss. 272. A shrub 4-6 feet high
with twiggy woody thinly silvery branches. Leaves 2-3 in. long,
petioles ‘5-1 in.; leaflets terminal and in 5-8 opposite pairs, ovate-acute
‘O-1 in. long, membranous, green; stipules subulate. Racemes 1-2 in.
long, dense-fid., nearly sessile. Calya ‘04 in. silvery, teeth acute as long
as tube. Corolla purple ‘15-2 in., distinctly exserted. Pods ‘4—6 in.
long ‘1 in. thick glabrescent retro-falcate 4—6-seeded.. Mig. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 307. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 99. TI. tinctoria var. Anil Kurz
Journ. As. Soc, XLV, pt. 2, 269 excl. all syn.

ANDAMANS; Port Blair, not uncommon. A native of America but
not uncommon in cultivation and as an introduced escape or weed in the
Old World. This is apparently much commoner in Indo-China than it
is in India; it is frequently mistaken for Indigofera coerulea Roxb.
which however appears to be exclusively an Indian plant.

3. InpigoFeRA TINcTORIA Linn. Sp. Pl. 751. A shrub 4-6 feet
high with twiggy woody thinly silvery branches. Leaves 1-2 in. long,
petioles ‘5-1 in.; leaflets terminal and in 4-6 opposite pairs, obovate-
oblong, ‘5-1 in. long membranous, green; stipules subulate. Racemes
2-4 in. long, lax-fid. nearly sessile. Calyx ‘04 in., silvery, teeth acute
as long as tube. Corolla reddish-yellow ‘15-2 in., distinctly exserted.
Pods *7-1 in. long ‘1 in thick, glabrescent straight, or slightly recurved
towards tip, 8-12-seeded. DC. Prodr. II, 224 (var. a. only); Roxb.
Flor. Ind. III, 379; Wall. Cat.5474; W.& A. Prodr. I, 202; Wight, Icon.
t. 365; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. 1,306; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 99. I. indica
Lamk, Encye. Meth. III, 245. I. swmatrana Gertn. Fruct. II, 317, t. 148.

PananG; cultivated, Curtis! Matacca; Griffith! Panaxore; Scorte-
chint! PauanG; “growing near Sultan’s tomb,” Ridley! Srycapore ;

81

82 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Ridley! A native apparently of the Old World; often cultivated and
occasionally occuring as an escape.

4, INDIGOFERA GALEGIOIDES DC. Prodr. II, 225. A tall shrub,
reaching 8 feet high, with twiggy woody branches at first adpressed-
pubescent at length glabrescent. Leavvs distinctly petioled, 8-12 in.
long; petioles *5-2 in.; leaflets terminal and in 6-12 lateral pairs, |
oblong obtuse, of varying size generally ‘5 in. long by ‘3 in. across but
sometimes ]—2 in. long, membranous, green above glaucescent beneath
very obscurely adpressed hirsute; stipules distinct, stipels minute.
Racemes 2-3 in. long, short-peduncled, very dense-fld. Calyx ‘04 in. long,
hoary, teeth very short, deltoid. Corolla pale-red *4—"5 in., finely canes-
cent externally. Pods glabrous 2°5-3 in. long, cylindric, straight, beaked,
15-18-seeded. Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 310; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II,
100. JI. uncinata Roxb. Fl. Ind. III, 382; Wall. Cat. 5472. I. Finlay-
soniana Wall. Cat. 5488.

Maray Prninsuta; Perak; Kunstler, 316! Malacea, Griffith! Lang-
kawi, Curtis, 2865! Drisrris, Ceylon; Indo-China; 8. China; Philip-
pines; Malay Archipelago. ;

Very easily distinguished from other species by the fact that its pods instead
of spreading or being reflexed, are fastigiately grouped with their apices pointing
in the direction of the apex of the peduncle. It is often planted for ornament and
is perhaps not really native in Malaya. ;

24. SesSBANtA Pers.

Soft-wooded shrubs or trees with long, very narrow abruptly * pin-
nate leaves with very numerous deciduous linear-oblong obtuse mucronate
leaflets. Flowers in axillary racemes. Calyx campanulate shallowly 2-
lobed or 5-toothed. Corolla much exserted; petals all with long claws;
standard broad keel straight and obtuse or subrostrate and recurved.
Stamens 2-adelphous ; anthers uniform. Ovary stipitate, linear, many-
ovuled; style filiform, incurved glabrous; stigma capitate. Pod very
long and narrow, dehiscent; septate between the very many seeds.
Species about 40, cosmopolitan in the tropics.

Flowers small, bud straight (§ Husesbania); annual shrubs :—

Pod twisted pendulous; stems thick pith-like; flowers °75

in. long ue ae .. iL. &. paludosa;

Pod not twisted aseetiee Sar reee stems ay very .

slender; flowers ‘4 in. long ; .. 2. 8. cannabina.

Flowers large, bud falcately Be haaen) ( § Agati); a ies .. 8. &. grandiflora.

1. Sespanra paLuposA Roxb. Hort. Beng. 56 (sub Aeschynomene).
A large tree-like herb with annual stems reaching 12 feet in height,

* By an unfortunate oversight this character is not made prominent in the Keys

to the tribes and genera, p. 22 and p. 33.
82

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 83

2 in. in diam. full of white soft pith, quite unarmed as are the leaf
rachises. Leaves 4-12 in. long, sessile, leaflets 10-30 pairs dark-green
sparingly hirsute above. Racemes drooping 8—12-fld., 4-5 in, long equal-
ling or slightly exeeeding the leaves in whose axils they arise. Flowers
yellow the standard externally dotted with small purple spots 75 in.
long. Pods 10-12 in. long flexible with strong not indented sutures
always pendulous and always twisted. S. grandiflora Migq. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 288, not of Pers. SS. cochinchinensis Kurz Journ. As. Soc. Beng.
XLY, 2, 271, not of DC. 8. punctuta Benth. MSS. in Herb. Kew, not
of DC. S. aculeata var. paludosa Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I, 115 (in part
only and excluding the syn, <Aeschynomene wliginosa). Aeschynomene
paludosa Roxb. Hort. Beng. 56; Flor. Ind. II, 333, not 8. paludosa Jacq.

Kepan; open marshy ground near rice-fields, Kunstler 1712!
Distris. Bengal; Burma; China; Java.

Roxburgh, who knew the Bengal Sesbanias well, has left of most of them,
under the name of Aeschynomene, unmistakeable descriptions and figures which
subsequent Indian botanists have for some reason treated with little consideration.
A careful examination of living plants shows, however, that Roxburgh’s treatment of
the forms is probably accurate, and his views of the limitation of the species are
certainly preferable to any that have since been proposed.

The present species is the familiar Kathsola (as opposed to the true Sola which
is Aeschynomene aspera), So common in marshes throughout the Gangetic Delta.

Though recognised as distinct by Prof. Miquel, that author unfortunately has
used a specific name that is pre-occupied in the genus. Mr. Kurz thought it might
be Coronilla cochinchinensis Lour. but that species has erect torulose pods and the
identification is therefore impossible. Mr. Bentham has suggested its being Sesbania
punctata but the pods and the stem structure forbid this identification also. As
Sesbania paludosa Jacq. is not this species but is Roxburgh’s Aeschynomene uliginosa
it seems best to conserve Roxburgh’s specific epithet paludosa for the very distinct
plant to which he originally applied it.

Dr. Kuntze (Rev. Gen, Plant. I, 181) would reduce this to Sesbania xgyptiaca !
an excellent instance of the unscientific use of the imagination.

2. SESBANIA CANNABINA Pers. Synops. II, 316. A tall and slender
unarmed woody herb, stems reaching 20 feet in height without exceeding
‘5 in. in diam. at base. Leaves 2-3 in. long, sessile ; leaflets 8-20 pairs,
glabrous, very dark green. Eacemes short (under 1 in.) but distinctly
peduncled, 2-4-fld.; flowers yellow, the standard externally closely
purple-streaked, ‘4 in. long. Pods very often solitary rarely more than
2, spreading or pendulous rarely erect, 4-8 in. long; sutures stout
straight, valves not depressed between the seeds. DOC. Prodr. H, 265;
Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. II, 286, excluding syn. S. cannabina W. & A.
S. affinis Schrad. in DC. Prodr. II, 265. 8. polyphylla Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat.
II, 288. SS. aculeata var. cannabina Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I, 110.
Aeschynomene cannabina Retz. Obs. V, 26; Roxb. Flor. Ind. IT, 335.

83

84 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

TonekaH ; Curtis’ Collector 2861! Distris. Lower Bengal, com-
monly cultivated ; Lower Burma; Java.

This species has, like the last, been much misunderstood. It is the familiar
Dunchi plant of Bengal, where it is widely cultivated ; toa slight extent on account
of its fibre which, being more resistent to water than other kinds is employed in
making fishing nets and lines; to a greater extent for its long lithe stems
that are used as the wattles of which are constructed the walls of the houses in
which Piper Betle is grown in Bengal. Probably this is an introduced plant in
Malay countries.

3. SESBANIA GRANDIFLORA Pers. Synops. I, 316. A soft-wooded
tree 20-30 feet high and 8-10 in. in diam. at base, with virgate terete
branches. Leaves 6-12 in. long, leaflets 16-30 pairs, linear-oblong
glabrous, pale-green. Macemes short (1 in. long), 2—4-fid., but distinctly
peduncled ; flowers white or pink. Calyz ‘8 in. deep, glabrous, shallowly
2-lobed. Corolla 5-3°5 in. long. Pods up to 20 in. long, falcate or
straight, firm, sutures thick straight, valves slightly depressed between
the seeds. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 115. Agati grandiflora Desv.
Journ. Bot. I, 120, t. 4; Maiq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 289.

Perak; Thaipeng, Scortechini 525! Sincapore; Kunstler 1147!
Hullett 819! Distrris. Mascarene Islands to N. Australia, usually
planted.

The Agati tree, which is very doubtfully native either in India or Malaya, is

often grown as a support for Pepper-vines in Southern India. In Northern India
it is chiefly planted for the sake of its showy flowers.

25. TrpHrosia Pers.

Herbs or undershrubs with compound odd-pinnate or, rarely, simple
leaves; the leaflets opposite, subcoriaceous. Flowers in terminal and
leaf-opposed racemes. Calyx campanulate with distinct subequal teeth.
Corolla much exserted, petals clawed, standard suborbicular; keel
incurved, not beaked. Stamens diadelphous, anthers uniform, obtuse.
Ovary sessile, linear, many-ovuled ; style much incurved, flattened or
filiform, silky or glabrous; stigma capitate often penicillate. Pod
linear flattened, many-seeded, 2-valved, continuous or obscurely septate
between the seeds. Species about 100, in all tropical regions.

The above definition applies only to the species of the Malay Peninsula.

An undershrub ; calyx-teeth short, deltoid Se .. Ll. T. candida.
Herbs; calyx-teeth narrow cuspidate as long as the tube :—
Pooh glabrescent one .. 2. T. purpurea.
Pods clothed with sich Peomniat silky hairs .. & TD. Hookeriana.

1. Trpnrosta canpipA DC. Prodr. II, 249. A low shrub, 4-6 feet
high, with slender woody grooved branches clothed with brown or grey
84.

a

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 85

persistent velvety pubescence. Leaves short-petioled 6-9 in. long;
leaflets terminal and in 9-12 opposite pairs, ligulate, acute, 1-5-2 in.
long, green and glabrous above, grey and thinly silky beneath; stipules
setaceous, ascending. Jtacemes copious, terminal and lateral, 6-9 in.
long, lower flowers fasciculate ; pedicels *25—4 in., silky. Calyx densely
silky, *2-25 in. long, teeth much shorter than tube. Corolla ‘75-1 in.,
rose or white, standard densely silky. Pods 3-4 in. long, 10-15-seeded,
slightly recurved, clothed with adpressed brown silky hairs ; style silly,
flattened. Wall. Cat. 5627; W. & A. Prodr. 210; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind, II. 111. Robinia candida Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 327. Kéesera sericea
Reinw. in Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 291. Xiphocarpus candidus Hassk.
Pl, Rar. Jav. 336.

Singapore; Anderson! Hullett! Disrrre. Himalayas, Western
Indo-China, Malay Archipelago.

2. ‘TeEPHROSIA PURPUREA Pers. Synops. 329. <A copiously branched
suberect herbaceous perennial with slender firm terete glabrescent stems.
Leaves short-petioled 3-6 in. long; leaflets terminal and in 6-10 opposite
pairs, narrowly oblanceolate obtuse, ‘5 in. long, green and glabrescent
above, glaucous and obscurely silky beneath; stipules subreflexed.
Racemes copious all lateral, 5-6 in. long, lax-fld.; lowers flowers fascicu-
late; pedicles ‘1—2 in., bracteoles minute. Calyx densely silky -1—15 in.
long; teeth linear as long as tube. Corolla ‘25-3 in. long, red, standard
thinly silky. Pods 1-5-2 in. long, 6-8-seeded, slightly recurved, glabres-
cent; style glabrescent; stigma penicillate. DC. Prodr. II, 251; Wall.
Cat. 5638; W. & A. Prodr. 213; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat I, 296; Bak. in
Flor. Brit. Ind, II, 112. Galega purpurea Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. II, 1063;
Roxb. Flor. Ind. ITI, 386.

Matacea; Griffith! Penanc; Curtis! Panane; Ridley! Sevancor;
roadsides, Ridley 7291! Distri. S.-H. Asia.

The form found in the Malay Peninsula is the typical plant described by
Linnaeus and by Roxburgh as Galega purpurea. Mr. Ridley has noted on his Selan-
gor specimens :— “‘ Indigofera, introduced by Tamils, now established.”

3. TepHrosta Hooxeriana W. & A. Prodr. 212; var. amoena Prain.

A slightly-branched erect herbaceous perennial with firm terete finely

downy branches. Leaves short-petioled 4-8 in. long; leaflets terminal
aud in 6-9 opposite pairs narrowly oblanceolate, truncate, 1 in. long,
green and glabrous above, grey and thinly silky beneath ; stipules linear
erect. Rucemes copious all lateral, 6-9 in. long, lax-fid.; pedicels 1 in.
long: bracteoles minute. Calyx densely silky -15—2 in. long: teeth
setaceous rather longer than tube. Corolla ‘35-5 in. long, red, standard
thinly silky. Pods 2-25 in. long, 8-10-seeded, slightly recurved,

densely clothed with persistent brownish silky hairs; style flattened

Sis 2"

86 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

glabrescent; stigma penicillate. Tephrosia amena Wall. in Hort.
Calcutt. not of Eckl.

Penang; Curtis! Matacca; Maingay! Derry! Drsrrts. N. India.

This differs from Wight and Arnott’s 7. Hookeriana (T. colutea Wight in Wall.
Cat. 5647 not of Pers.) in having leaflets almost twice as long and glabrous above; in
true T. Hookeriana the leaflets are pubescent, above as well as beneath. As Hamilton
in Trans. Linn. Soc. XIII, 546 gives the alternative name Tephrosia lirta to the
Galegu hirta cited under this species by Mr. Baker, it must follow, if Mr. Baker’s
identification be correct, that the name T. hirta Ham. should be cited for the species.
Dr. Hamilton’s diagnosis, however, is of a plant with “falcate ” pods in ‘‘ dense”
racemes, two characters which exclude 7’. hirta from this species and which point to
its being a form of I. villosa. .

There is little doubt that in a critical review of the genus the Malayan
and North Indian plant should be looked on as specifically distinct from the true
T. Hookeriana of Southern India; but as an African T. amena Eckl. has already
been published, Dr. Wallich’s MSS. name is not available. The species might,
however, be known as Tephrosia subamena. The Tephrosia amena “ Pers.” cited by
Mr. Baker does not exist.

26. Mitiurtia W. & A.

Trees, shrubs or large woody climbers with odd-pinnate, rarely-
1-foliolate leaves; the leaflets opposite and usually large, generally
stipellate. Flowers large and showy in axillary solitary or fascicled
racemes and in terminal panicles, the florets single or in fascicles along
the rachis. Calyx cup-shaped lobed or slightly toothed; teeth 5 or the
2 upper connate or absent. Corolla much exserted, petals long-clawed ;
standard broad spreading or reflexed, auricled or not at the base; wings
free or only cohering atthe tip, oblong sickle-shaped ; keel imcurved
obtuse. Stamens monadelphous or diadelphous, the vexillary filament
being united at the base or as far as the middle with the others, or
being quite free; anthers uniform, filaments filiform. Ovary linear
sessile or shortly stalked surrounded at base by an annular disc-like
sheath ; ovules rather numerous; style filiform incurved glabrous, stigma
capitate. Pod linear, lanceolate or oblong, usually compressed and flat,
occasionally turgid; thickly coriaceous or woody ; late or hardly dehiscent.
Species about 60; especially prevalent in Indo-China and Malaya.

The genus Millettia is retained here because its species are familiar to residents
in the east under this name. But, as Baron von Mueller has shown, tliere is no room
for a genus WMillettia apart from Wistaria. The name Wistaria unfortunately,
though it has come into common use among horticulturists, is not the one that was
originally given to the genus. The oldest name, as pointed out by Dr O. Kuntze, is
Phaseoloides and this, in a modified form, that author proposes to employ. Adjec-
tives are not, however, advisable as generic names and the name Kraunhia which,
as Sir Joseph Hooker and Mr. Jackson point out, is the earliest unobjectionable

name, appears to be that which, when the two genera are united, must be employed
for their species. .

86

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 87

Inflorescences in axillary or terminal racemes or panicles ;
leaves scattered along the branches :—
Standard not auricled at the base of the lamina (§ Eumil-
lettia), or auricles only represented by callosities :—
Leaves lustrous beneath with thin lepidote silky pubescence ;
(pods turgid silky; leaves exstipellate) ... '-l. Mz. sericea.
Leaves opaque beneath, glabrous when mature, or silky
only on the nerves beneath (M. Hemsleyana); (pods
woody) :—
Pods turgid rugose; leaves rigidly coriaceous; racemes
densely thyrsoid; flowers dark-red or purple: (leaves
without stipels) :—
Bracts large suborbicular, young racemes strobilate ;

standard silky externally ; pods pubescent . 2. M. eriantha.
Bracts small ovate early deciduous; standard alle
rous externally ; pods glabrous one -. 3 M. atropurprrea.

Pods flat smooth (lenticelled in M. glgucescens) ;
leaves membranous (subcoriaceous in M. cerulea) ;
racemes lax ; flowers white, pink or blue :—
Leaflets without stipels, membranous; racemes
distinctly peduncled; pods glabrous (standard
2-callose) :-—
Standard glabrous externally :—
Pods lenticelled, the sutures slightly winged ;
leaflets subglaucons quite glabrous beneath ... 4. M. glaucescens.
Pods not lenticelled the sutures thickened
but not winged ; leaflets pubescent on midrib

and nerves beneath . .. 5. M. Hemsleyana.
Standard silky eter dats (pods ae lenticelled,
sutures not winged; leaflets glabrous beneath) 6. M. decipiens.

Leaflets stipellate, subcoriaceous; racemes very
close and short peduucled ; pods pubescent exter-
nally ; (leaves glabrous beneath; flowers blue) ... 7. M. cerulea.
Standard auricled at base of lamina (§ Otosema); (leaves
subcoriaceous opaq ie beneath, pods pubescent } :—
Pods very wide turgid; leaflets small many obtuse;
flowers pink, or white with pink tinge; panicles wide
short :—
Leaflets densely velvety beneath ; pod obpyriform,
longitudinally channelled, pubescence short, pale-

purple brown ... ‘5 . 8. M. Maingayi.
Leaflets glabrescent em aanh: pod Geek not aes
_led, pubescence long, dark-brown vas .. 9. M. oocarpa.

Pods flat; leaflets large few caudate-acuminate ;
flowers pure white :—
Leaflets 5-7, rarely 3; pods soft brown-velvety ... 10. MM. albiflora.
Leaflets solitary; pods pale yellowish-velvety ... 11. M. unifoliata.
Flowers solitary along leafless stem on conical processes in
axils of leaf-scars ; leaves tufted at top of slender stems... 12. M. cauliflora.

87

8&8 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

1. Miuuettia sericeA W. & A. Prodr. 263. A large woody
climber 80-100 feet long, in dense forest; in the open a low spread-
ing shrub 8-25 feet high; stems 3-6 in. diam.; branches striate shortly
finely pubescent. Leaves 8-12 in. long, leaflets terminal and in 3-4
opposite petiolulate pairs, without stipels; obovate to elliptic-oblong,
entire, apex bluntly cuspidate, base rounded or cuneate, 3-0 in. long
1-5-3 in. wide; coriaceous, deep-green and glabrous above glossy and
silvery-grey or light-brown from a minute scale-like pubescence beneath ;
petiolules ‘2 in. long. Racemes axillary nearly as long as the leaves,
slightly pubescent, the nodes not produced, each with the scars of 7-8
flowers. Flowers on pedicels ‘15 in. long bracteolate under the calyx.
Calyx wide-tubular, limb truncate ‘15 in. deep, dark-brown silky exter-
nally. Corolla °5 in. dinm., standard orbicular long-clawed, whitish
pink or blue internally, brown-silky externally, wings clawed, purple or
pink with white stripes. Vévillary filament hardly cohering at base with
the remaining stamens. Ovary pubescent, style glabrous. Pod 3-7 in.
long 1 in. across, densely brown-tomentose with a rusty shining velvety
tomentum, turgid when ripe. Seeds 1-3, rarely 4, testa dark-brown
smooth ; lin. long, ‘75 in. diam. Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 153; Bak.
in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 104. Pongamia sericea Vent. Hort. Malmais,
sub. t. 28; DC. Prodr. II,416. Phaseolodes sericeum Kuntze Rev. I, 201.

Var. typica; leaflets silvery beneath; sutures of young pods dis-
tinctly thickened ; seeds 1-2, rarely 3.

Perak; common; Scortechini! Kunstier! Wray! Distr. Sumatra
(Teysmann! Forbes 3103A!); Java (Kurz !) :

A small-leaved form of M. sericea is reported from Penang (Curtis n. 844!);
Lobb n. 310 in Herb. Kew, not seen by the writer, is noted by Mr. Hemsley as iden-
tical with it; and the same plant is also at Kew from Singapore, as it is at Calcutta
from Perak (Kunstler n. 401! Wray n. 2364!). But the Perak specimens have in
some cases leaflets of the ordinary size on the same twig with the small leaflets ;
the flowers of this form are exactly like those of M. sericea and the Penang plant
is therefore not even separable as a variety.

Var. malaccensis ; leaflets brownish underneath ; sutures of young |
pods hardly thickened ; pods longer seeds 3-4.

Mauacca; (trifith 1764! Maingay 518! Goodenough 1706!

A distinct local form but perhaps hardly a good variety.

2. Mivverria ERIANTHA Benth. Pl. Jungh. 250. A rather slender
woody climber 50-80 feet long with only the youngest twigs silky.
Leaves 8-11 in. long, rachis glabrous, leaflets terminal and in 2, rarely
3, opposite pairs, petiolulate without stipels; obovate-oblong or elliptic
shortly cuspidate 2-4 in. long, 1°25-2°5 in across, rigidly coriaceous
pale green and glabrous on both surfaces ; petiolules ‘25 in. Rucemes
copious, at first short dense 1-]‘5 in. long and strobilate with large

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 89

suborbicular cuspidate densely silky bracts, ultimately thyrsoid 6 in.
long ; the bracts deciduous ‘3 in. in diam.; pedicels *L5 in. long. Calyx
wide-campanulate ‘4 in. long, externally uniformly pubescent with
brownish silky hairs; the teeth triangular two-thirds as long as tube.
Corolla dark-red within, the standard externally densely glossy-brown
silky nearly 1 in. long. Pod turgid, 3 in. long 1:75 in. across, 1-seeded ;
woody, rugose, clothed with pale brown hairs; slightly beaked. Mig.
Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 155; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 108.

PERAK; common, Wray! Scortechini! Kunstler! Mauacca; very
common, Griffith ! Maingay! Derry! Goodenough! Sincarore; Ridley
6396! 6663! Panana; Ridley 2644!

3. MIbterrra arrorureurea Benth. Pl. Jungh. 249. An erect tree
30-80 feet high 3-4 feet in girth; branches and thick branchlets grey
but glabrous. Leaves 15-18 in. long, leaflets terminal and in 3-4 opposite
pairs petiolulate without stipels ; narrow-oblong, base rounded or rarely
cuneate apex obtuse or shortly cuspidate, 4-6 in. long 1°5-2 in. across,
rigidly coriaceous green and glabrous on both surfaces, upper surface
shining; petiolules *25 in. acemes copious in a dense terminal
thyrsoid hoary-tomentose panicle 6-8 in. across; bracts small ovate
deciduous, ‘1 in. in diam. ; pedicels ‘2 in. long, rusty-pubescent thickening
in fruit. Calyx -25 in., campanulate, teeth small the two upper truncate
the others acute, thinly silky externally. Corolla dark-purple, standard
1 in. long ovate-obtuse, glabrous externally. Vewillary stamen free;
ovary pubescent. Pod turgid, 3 in. long 2 in. across, 1-2 seeded ; woody
subrugose quite glabrous; slightly beaked. Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 157;
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 108. Pongamia atropurpurea Wall. Cat.
5910; Pl. As. Rar. I, t. 78.

Perak; Scortechini 193! 273! Kunstler 8012! Penang ; Wallich 5910!
Matacca;-common. Singapore; Hullett 60! Disrris. Tenasserim ;
Sumatra.

4, MILLETTIA GLAUcESCENS Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLII,
2. 67. A large tree with glabrous branches the smaller ones slightly
angled. Leaves 8-9 in. long; rachis glabrous; leaflets terminal and
in 4-5 opposite petiolulate pairs; lowest pair broadly ovate the
rest obovate-oblong all acuminate, 3°5-5 in. long 1:25-1°75 wide;
membranous, bright green above glaucescent beneath, glabrous from an
early stage on both surfaces ; petiolules 2 in. Racemes axillary slender
6 in. long, at first puberulous as are the capillary solitary, paired, or
fascicled pedicels, ‘2 in. long. Calyz wide shallow-tubular, slightly |
pubescent, obscurely toothed, ‘15 in. deep. Corolla ‘4 in. long, standard
orbicular glabrous externally, 2-callose at base, steel-blue (fide Kurz) ;
wings clawed. . Vewillary filament cohering half way up staminal

89

90 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

sheath. Ovary pubescent style glabrous. Pod 5-6 in. long, | in. wide,
‘thickish, woody, usually tubercled rarely reticulated on the faces, quite
glabrous; both sutures thickened and expanded into narrow wings.
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 107.

Pgrak; Kapayong Kurta, Wray 168! Scortechini (specimens with
reticulated but not tubercled pods) !

By its pods this species is most nearly allied to M. tetraptera Kurz, but it has
very different leaves which resemble those of M. pwhinervis and M. Hemsleyana
except in being glabrous. It agrees with these two species also as regards structure
of flowers though not as regards pods. As regards leaves it likewise much resembles
M. decipiens and M. dehiscens ; in these species, however, not only are the pods
without wings along the thickened sutures but the standard is silky externally.

5. Mirtettia Hemsteyana Prain. An erect bushy tree 20-40 ft.
high, stem 10-15 in. in diam. ; branches puberulous when young. Leaves
6-8 in. long, rachis pubescent, leaflets terminal and in 3-4 opposite
petiolulate pairs, without stipels; lowest pair broadly ovate the rest
elliptic-obovate all obtusely acuminate, 2-3°5 in. long, 1:25-1°5 in.
wide; membranous bright green glabrous from an early stage above
subglaucous and pubescent beneath with scattered flexuous spreading
hairs which quickly disappear except from the midrib and main
lateral nerves; petiolules ‘2 in., stipules large, °25 in., deciduous.
Racemes axillary, slender simple, 2°5—4 in. long, at first puberulous as are
the capillary, solitary or fascicled pedicels, ‘25 in. long, snbtended by lan-
ceolate deciduous bracts *2 in. long. Calyx wide shallow-tubular, shght-
ly pubescent, obscurely toothed, ‘15 in deep, red, or green with a reddish
tinge. Corolla *4 in. long, standard orbicular 2-callose at -base glabrous
externally, white or faintly tinged with pink, wings clawed. Vewillary
filament cohering nearly half way up staminal sheath. Cvary pubescent,
style glabrous. Pod 3°5-4 in. long ‘5 in. wide, thin, quite glabrous,
sutures slightly thickened not winged. Kraunhia Hemsleyana Prain
“MSS. | ,

Perak; Wray 3310! 3608!

Millettia Hemsleyana is very closely related to M, pubinervis Kurz, a Tenasserim
species; it has however rather narrower leaflets and differs especially in having
large stipules and bracts. To I. glawcescens it is also closely related, but it differs in
having pods that are neither winged along the sutures nor lenticelled along the
valves. Both in pods and in foliage it likewise closely resembles M. decipiens but
that species differs in having a pubescent standard. .

6. Mritierria peciprens Prain. An erect wide-spreading tree 40-60
feet high, stems 2-3 feet in diam. ; branches all glabrous the smaller
slightly angled. Leaves 8-9 in. long; rachis glabrous ; leaflets terminal
and in 4-5 opposite petiolulate pairs; lowest pair broadly ovate the
rest elliptic-obovate all acuminate 2-3'5 in. long 1:25-15 in. wide ;

90 :

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 91

membranous rather dark green on both surfaces glabrous from an early
stage on both surfaces except for occasionally a few scattered hairs on
the midrib beneath ; petiolules ‘2 in. Racemes axillary slender simple
6-€ in. long, at first puberulous as are the capillary solitary or fascicled
pedicels. 2 in long. Calyx wide shallow-tubular, slightly pubescent,
obscurely toothed, ‘15 in. deep. Corolla ‘4 in. long, standard orbicular,
densely silky externally, 2-callose at base, pink, or white with a pink
tinge, wings clawed. Veaillary filament cohering half way up staminal
sheath. Ovary pubescent, style glabrous; ovules 4. Pod 4-5 in. long,
nearly 1 in. across, glabrous, sutures not thickened. Kraunhia decipiens
Prain MSS.

Perak; Ulu Slim, 400 feet, Kunstler 10718! Kwala Dipong,
Scortechint 1749! Pluss river, Wray 548! Panang; Kwala Tahan,
Ridley 2591!

The flowers of this species so much resemble those of Pongamia glabra that,
with flowering examples, only careful dissection to ascertain the number of ovules
satisfactorily distinguishes the two. Another species extremely nearly relat:d to
this is Millettia dehiscens (Pongamia dehisuens Koord. & Val. Bijdr. Il. 96) a Java
tree with the same silky standard, but with the ovary 5- or more-ovuled; its leaves
are like those of M. glaucescens, its pods like those of M. ovalifolia.

¢. Mruerria coERULEA Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 107. A woody
climber with glabrous branches. Leaflets terminal and in 3 petiolulate
pairs, stipellate; obovate-oblong cuspidate 4-6 in. long; subcoriaceous,
glabrous on both sides from an early stage; petiolules ‘15 in.. long.
Racemes short-peduncled, close, axillary. Flowers short-pedicelled,
densely fascicled. Calye campanulate 1 in., faintly silky, nearly trun-
cate. Corolla three times the calyx, the standard densely white-
canescent on the back. Stamens monadelphous. Pod large flat rather
woody, linear-oblong 7-8 in. long, 1:5-1°75 in. wide, recurved, late in
dehiscing, clothed with dense short persistent brown-velvety pubes-
cence. Pongamia coerulea Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5894.

Mauacca; Grifith. Distris. Burma. . :, ;

The above description is taken from the Flora of British India, there being no
specimen at Calcutta either of the Burmese or of the Malacca types of Mr. Baker’s
species. The specimens here that accord best with the description are some from
Penang (Curtis n. 2459) ; they are in fruit only and may prove to belong to M. coerulea.
The plant is noted, however, as a “ tree ;”’ the specimens have 5-foliolate leaves and
the leaflets resemble those of M. albiflora, of which it may equally well be a variety.

8. Minverra Mateavi Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IL, 110. A creeper
over 100 feet long ; young branches pale brown-pubescent. Leaves 8-10
in. long, leaflets terminal and in 5-8 opposite pairs, shortly petioluled
stipellate ; oblong, base rounded, apex rounded or subacute, (15-2 in.
long Lin, across, coriaceous, light green and glabrous above, velvety
91

92 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

underneath as is the leaf-rachis; petiolules ‘2 in., stipels setaceous,
persistent. Racemes in small axillary panicles one-third as long as
leaves, 2°5 in. long, 1°5 in. across; rachis and pedicels rusty-pubescent,
as are the linear deciduous bracts ‘1 ia. long; pedicels ‘1 in. Calya °2
in, campanulate, externally rusty-pubescent, teeth wide-triangular half
as long as tube. Corolla white tinged with pink, ‘5 in. long, standard
orbicular, auriculate at base of lamina, slightly emarginate and slightly
puberulous externally. Pod oblong or obpyriform, woody indehiscent
(fide Baker), rounded at both ends, 6 in. long 3°5 in. wide, turgid,
shortly pale rusty-brown velvety, the surface traversed by deep longi-
tudinal grooves.

SINGAPORE; cultivated, Maingay; Ridley! SELANGORE; in dense
jungle at 800-1200 feet elev., Kunstler 8759!

A remarkable species, originally described by Mr. Baker from a fruiting speci-
men. To the kindness of Mr. Ridley, the Calcutta Herbarium owes the possession
of excellent flowering and fruiting examples of the plant; from these the above
description has been drawn up. Mr. Kunstler’s plant from Selangore is unfor-
tunately only in flower; it agrees however in every detail with the flowering
specimens sent from the Singapore garden by Mr. Ridley.

The only near ally of M. Maingayi is the next species from which it differs in
having larger pods that, according to Mr. Baker, do not dehisce and in having leaflets
densely tomentose beneath.

9. MuxveTria oocaRPA Prain. A large creeper, young branches
glabrous. Leaves 6-8 in. long, leaflets terminal and in 4-6 opposite pairs,
shortly petiolulate stipellate ; obloug, rounded at both ends, 2-3 in. long,
J-1:5 in. across, the terminal considerably exceeding the others, sub-
coriaceous light green and glabrous above, whitish and very sparsely
adpressed-puberulous, finely reticulately veined beneath; leaf-rachis
puberulous as are the petiolules ‘2 in. long ; stipels setaceous persistent.
Rucemes in small axillary panicles one-half as long as leaves, 2°5 in. long,
1°5 in. across; rachis and pedicels slightly puberulous as are the linear
deciduous bracts ‘1 in. long; pedicels‘l in. Calyza ‘2 in. long, campauu-
late, externally grey-puberulous, teeth short obscure. Corolla white
tinged with pink, 5 in. long, standard orbicular, auriculate at base of
lamina, entire, uniformly sparsely puberulous externally. Stamens
diadelphous, vexillary filament free. Ovary 2-ovuled, pubescent. Pod
oval, woody, dehiscent, rounded at both ends, 3°65 in. long, 175 in.
in diam., turgid, densely dark brown-velvety, the surface smooth.
Kraunhia oocarpa Prain MSS.

Perak; Batu Togoh, 250 feet, Wray 2141! Scortechini 429 !

Very nearly related to Millettia Maingayi of which it has exactly the flowers.
Its pods however are smaller, densely covered with darker and much longer hairs,
and are distinctly dehiscent. In shape and size they resemble the egg of a domestic
fowl. The leaflets too differ in not being velvety beneath, and the leaves are shorter,

-O. Muruuerria anpiriora Prain. A handsome spreading tree some-

92 ,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 93

times 80-100 feet high (Kunstler), usually 30-50 feet, trunk 2-3 feet in
diam., branches glabrous. Leaves a foot long, leaflets terminal and in 2-3
more rarely 1, opposite pairs, shortly petiolulate without stipels, elliptic-
lanceolate entire apex caudate base cuneate, 5-10 in. long, 1°5-2°5 in.
across, lowest pair rather smaller, thickly membranous shining above
dull beneath, with 6-9 pairs of ascending rather prominent lateral
nerves and a very prominent midrib, quite glabrous on both surfaces,
petiolules *2 in. long. facemes in very long narrow axillary panicles
towards ends of branches, 1-15 feet Jong, 2°5 in. across; individual
racemes subfastigiate 4-6 in. long with 10-12 solitary short-pedicelled
flowers ; pedicels *15 in. long, rusty-puberulous as are the peduncles and
main-rachis. Calyx ‘25 in. long, rusty-puberulous, tube campanulate
rather longer than the triangular teeth, the two upper teeth connate
emarginate. Corolla pure white °75 in. long, standard orbicular 2-auri-
culate at base of lamina, externally glabrous. Vewillury filament extend-
ing half way up the sheath or at length free on one side only, or on
both. Ovary puberulous. Pod linear 7-13 in. long, 15-2 in. wide,
straight flat rather woody, uniformly soft brown-velvety. Kraunhia
albiflora Prain MSS.

Perak; Goping, Scortechini 1948! Ulu Salama, Kunstler 729!
1288! 4467! 5833! 5993! 6077! Larut, Kunstler 5357! 6709! 6842!
Thaipeng, Wray 1864! Kota, Wray 1943! Ridley 7981! 8004! Pauane ;
Tahan, Ridley 2641 !

A very fine species apparently extremely common in Perak. Mr. Kunstler notes
that it is usually found near river-courses or in wet low ground.

11. Mitterria ounirouraTra Prain. A handsome spreading tree
30-40 feet high, trunk 1 foot in diam., branches glabrous. Leaves consist-
ing of a solitary terminal leaflet, petiolulate without stipels, obovate-
oblong or lanceolate entire, apex acute rarely caudate, base cuneate, thick-
ly membranous shining above dull beneath, with a prominent midrib and
6-9 pairs of ascending lateral nerves not much more prominent than the
distinct secondary reticulations ; glabrous on both surfaces; petiolule
‘25 in. long directly articulate with branch. Racemes in very slender
axillary panicles shorter than the leaflets, 3-4 in. long ‘25-35 in. across;
individual racemes short 3-5-fld. separated from each other by intervals
1 in. long; peduncles and pedicles glabrous. Calyx ‘2 in. long, externally
glabrous, campanulate 2-bracteolate at base, bracteoles ovate-lanceolate
minute, teeth shorter than tube hirsute within. Corolla pure: white 75
in. long, standard orbicular 2-auriculate at base of lamina, externally
glabrous. Stamens monadelphous in a sheath split along the vexillary
side. Ovary puberulous. Pod linear 6 in. long 1 in. across, flat, rather
woody, tapering to both ends, finely pale yellowish-velvety externally,
Kraunhia unifoliatu Prain MSS.

93

x

24 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Perak; Pangkore Island, Curtis 1615! Scortechini 1023! Tupia, °
Wray 2836! Blanja, Scortechini 124! 1711! Larut, Kunstler 4251!
Goping, Kunstler 4492 ! 8210!

Very closely related to Millettia albiflora of which it has much the flowers and
also much the fruits. It differs however from all other hitherto known Millettias ;
in having 1-foliolate leaves. The pods are never so large as in MZ. albiflora and the
inflorescence is very different in appearance owing to its being smaller and more
slender.

12. MipuertrA cAauLIFLoRA Prain. A small slender unbranched
gregarious shrub 6-8 feet high, stems hardly ‘5 in. in diam., with black
lenticelled bark, bearing a terminal tuft of leavesand having small
nodular flower-bearing projections in the axils of leaf-scars along the
stem. eaves 1-1°5 feet long, stipules subulate, ‘3 in. long, caducous ;
rachis tawny-pubescent as are the petiolules and the setaceous persistent
stipels; leaflets thinly membranous glabrous on both surfaces, lateral
nerves in 5-7 ascending pairs impressed above very prominent like the
midrib beneath ; lowest pair 2 in. long 1°25 in. across, terminal and
upper pairs 6 in. long 2 in. wide. Calyx ‘2 in., glabrescent. Corolla
(only withered specimens seen) apparently pink, standard apparently
auricled. Pod solitary, at intervals along the stem, 5-35 in. long, ‘6 in.
wide, narrowed towards base, slightly recurved, rigidly coriaceous early
dehiscent, externally grey silky-tomentose; seeds 2. Kraunhia cauli-
flora Prain MSS.

Perak ; Larut, Kunstler 2555!

A very distinct species with leaves much like those of the African Millettia
macrophylla Hook. f., but with fewer lateral nerves. It differs from all other known
species in having solitary fruits (and apparently solitary flowers) in the axils of old

leaf-scars along the stem. The standard seems to be auricled, but whether the
stamens are monadelphous or diadelphous cannot yet be said.

27. PoNnGAMIA Vent.

A tree. Leaves odd-pinnate, leaflets opposite, ex-stipellate. Flowers
racemed. Calyx campanulate, nearly truncate. Corolla much exserted ;
standard broad, silky; keel obtuse the petals cohering at their tip.
Stamens monadelphous, the upper filament free low down; anthers
oblong, versatile. Ovary subsessile, 2-ovuled; style incurved, glabrous,
stigma capitate. Pod woody, somewhat turgid, oblong, indehiscent, not
winged nor thickened at the sutures. A single species, on all coasts
from the Mascarene Islands to Malaya, North Australia, and Western
Polynesia. :

PonGamta GLABRA Vent. Jard. Malm. t. 28. A fairly-large tree 40-60
feet high, with spreading glabrous branches; bark greyish-green soft,
wood pale-yellow when cut, darkening on exposure; stem reaching 2-3

94 :

Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula. 95

feet in. diam. Leaves 8-10 in. long, pale-green, leaflets usually 5-7,
more rarely 7-9, oblong or ovate, rarely ovate-lanceolate, acute, base
cuneate or deltoid; subequal, 3-7 in. long, 1-35 in. wide, subcoriaceous,
glabrous on both surfaces or, rarely, slightly puberulous on the nerves
beneath, lateral nerves about 8 pairs rather prominent beneath as is the
midrib, rachis about 5 in. long glabrous as are tlie petiolules ‘25 in. long.
Flowers in rather short axillary racemes 4-6 in. long with peduncles
J-1'5 in. long, usually simple; nodes tumid bearing 2-4 subequal filiform
pedicels, rachis and pedicels sparsely puberulous, pedicels ‘25-35 in.
long, bracteolate at base and 2-bracteolate towards apex. Calyx wide-
campanulate °12 in. deep, ‘15 in. wide, mouth truncated. Corolla °35—5
in. long, white with violet or pinkish flush, standard orbicalar, silky on the
back, subcordate and 2-auriculate at the base. Stamens monadelphous.
Ovary finely pubescent, ovules 2, rarely 1. Pod turgid woody glabrous,
15-2 in. long, *8-1:25 in. wide, ‘25 in. thick, brownish-green with a
short decurved point ; seeds 1, very rarely 2, testa white, marbled with
slightly raised brownish lines radiating irregularly from the hilum,
*7 in. long, *5 in. wide.

Var. typica; leaflets usually 5, occasionally 7, oblong or ovate
2°5-3°5 in. wide, quite glabrous beneath ; racemes always solitary simple,
pedicels *35 in. long, their bracteoles only sub-opposed and situated
slightly above the middle. Pongamia glabru Vent. : DC. Prodr. II, 416;
Wall. Cat. 5878; W. & A. Prodr. 262; Wight, Ic. t. 59; Bedd. Flor.
Sylvat. t. 177; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 147; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind.
IT, 240. Pongamia grandifolia Zoll. & Mor. Syst. Verzeichn. 3; Mig.
Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 147. Pongamia mitis Kurz, Journ. As. Soc. Beng.
XLV, 2. 128. Robinia mitis Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I, 1044. Galedupa
indica Lamk Encye. Meth. II, 594 (excl. syn. Cayu galedupa Rumph.) ;
Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 289. Dalbergia arborea Willd. Sp. Pl. III, 901.
Galedupa arborea Roxb. Hort. Beng. 53.—Rheede Hort. Malab. VI, t. 3 ;
Rumph. Herb. Amb. III, t. 117; Lamk Il. t. 603. ;

In all the provinces, very abundant on the banks of every tidal
river and along the margins of all Mangrove-swamps.—DIstTrIb. ; of the
genus ; often planted in inland districts. ‘

Var. zerocarpa ; leaflets 7-9, very rarely 5, lanceolate 11°35 in.
wide, usually sparsely puberulous on the midrib and main veins beneath,
racemes occasionally 2-3 in same axil aud sometimes sparingly branched,
the pedicels ‘25 in. long with the bracteoles opposed and situated close
under the calyx ; ovules sometimes solitary. Pongamia xerocarpa Hassk,
Retz. ed. nov. 208. Malaparius flavus Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 1082 in
addend., hardly Malaparius Rumphius,

Panane; Ridley 1362! Kenan; Kunstler 1740! Perak; Trang,

95

96 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula,

Kunstler 1420! 5625! Maracca; Derry 939! Distrts. Ceylon (Thwaites
C. P. 1489) ; Java; Sumatra. |

Pongamia glabra is the well-known littoral species known in Southern India
generally as Pangam, in Northern India as Karanj, in Burma as Thin-win and in
Malaya as Malapari. Throughout India it is very generally planted, both as a timber
tree, and for the sake of the oil obtained from its seeds; it does not seem to be
planted in the Malayan provinces.

The typical variety appears in two somewhat distinct forms that pass, however,
into each other by all kinds of intermediates. These are:—

(a) a form with medium-sized leaflets and flowers (the original P. glabra) which
is spread throughout the area occupied by the species ; also

(B) a form with decidedly larger leaflets and flowers (the form named P. grandi-
folia Zoll, & Mor.) which extends from north to south aloug the coasts of Chitta-
gong, Arracan, the Andamans, Nicobars, Sumatra and Java, apparently without
extending westward to the Sundribuns and India or eastward to Tenasserim and
the Malay Peninsula.

VAR. xerocarpa, though only separable by characters that individually are trivial,
nevertheless looks remarkably different from the type; it resembles far more the
two species known as Millettia decipiens, and Miiletia dehiscens. Indeed, with
flowers alone, only a careful examination of the ovary, 4- or more-ovuled in the
Millettias, i- or 2-ovuled in the Pongamia, ensures accurate determination. The
fruits of the Millettias are, however, dehiscent and therefore unlike those of Pongamia.

Roxburgh ased for this genus Lamarck’s name Galedupa, first applied in 1786.
Lamarck’s use of the name depended on. his belief that Caju galedupa Rumphius
(Herb. Amboin. II, t. 13) was this tree. As figured, however, Caju galedwpa has
equally-pinnate leaves, dehiscent pods and arillate seeds; Pongamia glabra has un-
equally-pinnate leaves, indehiscent pods, no arillus and a very small hilum. Moreover
Rumphius describes and figures Pongamia glabra (Herb. Amboin. III, 117) under its
Malay name Malapart. That Lamarck had detected his mistake is clear from his
having abandoned the name Galedwpa in 1797 (Illustr. t 603) in favour of Pungamia
—taken from Adanson’s name Pongam of 1768. This last Ventenat amended to
Pongamia in 1803, and in that form has become familiar a name which, even were
Guledupa accurately applicable, is much anterior to Galedwpa. The point would not
indeed call for discussion but for the fact that quite recently Taubert in the authori-
tative Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien has re-adopted Roxburgh’s usage. Kuntze, not
satisfied even with this amount of change, desires to use the word Caju(m) ; that is,

he desires to use precisely the synonym which cannot be applied to the plant des-

cribed by Lamarck, as the name of the plant to which Lamarck’s definition belongs.

Loureito, overlooking both Ramphius’ description of the pods and his figure
showing its leaflets as opposite, referred Malaparius to Pterocarpus ; he has been
followed in this by most subsequent botanists except Miquel, who, having seen
specimens of Malapari collected in Sumatra by Teysmann, removed the plant from
Pterocarpus and established it as a genus. Bentham (Gen. Plant. I, 465) expresses a
doubt as to Teysmann’s Malapari being conspecific with Rumphius’ one. Everything,
however, isin favour of the belief (unfortunately the Sumatra plant is unrepresented
in Herb. Calcutta) that ‘l'eysmann’s ‘ Malapari’ is Pongamia glabra, just as Rum-
phius’ ‘ Malapari’ and the ‘ Malapari’ recently collected by Derry in Malacca, are
Pongamia glabra, But it must be noted that while Rumphius’ ‘Malapari’ appears

96

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 97

to be typical Pongmia glabra, Derry’s ‘Malapari’ is VAR. eerocarpa, and so apparently,
judging by Miquel’s description, is Teysmann’s.

28. Derris Lour.

Climbers, rarely erect trees. Leaves odd-pinnate, with usually ex-
stipellate leaflets. lowers copious, usually fascicled, showy, in axillary
or terminal racemes or panicles. Calyx campanulate, nearly truncate, -
Corolla much exserted, standard broad; keel obtuse, the petals cohering
slightly. Stamens usually monadelphous, the upper one free in §
Aganope; anthers versatile. Ovary sessile, few-ovuled ; style incurved,
filiform, stigma capitate. Pod rigid, thin, flat, indeliscent, oblong if
one-seeded, strap-shaped if few-seeded, with a distinct wing down the
upper or both sutures. Dustris. Species about 40, belting the world in
the tropics.

Standard not callose at the base :—

Vexillary stamen free throughout; flowers single in ample

thyrsoid panicles with nodes neither tumid nor produced

into stalks (§ Aganope) :—
Pod winged only along the ees suture, and sinuate
between the seeds; corolla over 3 in, long .. . 1. D. sinuata.
Pod winged down both sutures, not sinuate between the
seeds; corolla under 3 in. long :—

Buds and flowers distinctly pedicelled, bracteoles shorter

than buds sis cos 2e Dy. Wallichaa-
Buds and flowers iatdosaile. NUE A: Seaeaane the
buds <it . 3. D. thyrsiflora.

Vexillary stamen pikes with is those ss shea in oe
centre of tube ; flowers fascicled on tumid nodes that are
sometimes produced into stalks :—
Pods winged only along upper suture :-—
Pod narrow, pointed at both ends, several-seeded
(§ Brachypterum ):—
Climbers, leaflets 9-19 medium, acute; flowers in

long lax panicles exceeding the leaves ... ... 4. D. scandens.
Trees, leaflets 25-39 small, rounded ; flowers in dense
panicles shorter than the leaves . 5. D. dalbergioides.

Pod suborbicular or shortly broadly- rie ahiaae,
few-seeded (§ Euderris) :—
Leaflets glabrous, not exceeding 5 in. hig exstipel-

late; pods glabrous aaa .. 6. D. uliginosa,
Leaflets pubescent beneath, often 6-8 i in. ~Weitees stipel-
late ; pods pubescent ihe = . 7. D. elegans.

Pod winged along both sutures [unknown in D. affinis ae
D. floribunda] (§ Dipteroderris) :—
Rachis and branches of panicle densely si a pod nly
(leaves faintly-yeined) bie . 8. D, andamanica.

97

-

98 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Rachis and branches of panicle glabrous or sparsely
puberulous ; pod (where known) glabrous :—
Flowers white in Jaxly-branching panicles :—
Leaves with 10 pairs of prominent spreading

secondary nerves» ovules 4 .. 9 D. afinis.
Leaves with 4-5 pairs of ascending fai int secondary
nerves; ovules 2-3 aw ; . 10. D. floribunda.

Flowers pink in fastigiately-branching p: anthee ( ee
with numerous spreading but not prominent secon-

dary nerves; ovules 2; pod glabrous) ... ... Ll. D. amena.
Standard 2-callose at base (§ Paraderris) :—
Leave and petals pubescent ace ae ... 12. D. elliptica.
Leaves and petals glabrous sa Os ... 13. D. malaccensis.

§ 1. AgGanors. Robust climbers with large leaflets; flowers usually
rather small in ample thyrsoid panicles, the nodes not produced into
stalks; upper stamen quite free from the others down to the base; base
of vexillum without callosities; pod winged down one or both sutures.

1. Derris stnuata Thwaites Enum. Pl. Zeylan. 93. A _ strong
climber with dark-brown glabrous branches. Leaves 10-16 in. long ;
leaflets dark-green 5-7, coriaceous ovate- to ovate-oblong or elliptic,
shortly cuspidate or subobtuse base rounded or widely deltoid, 4-5 in.
long, 2-3 in. wide, glabrous on both surfaces, lateral nerves 5-7 pairs
spreading hardly visible, rachis 6-12 in. long glabrous as are the petio-
lules °25 in. long. Flowers in ample thyrsoid terminal, or terminal and
axillary panicles 8-16 in. long, branches 1°5-3 in. long at intervals of
‘5-1 in. their nodes not tumid nor produced into stalks, pedicels ‘1 in.
long (in fruit lengthening to ‘'25—3 in.), stout, arranged usually in sub-
opposite pairs ‘2-25 im. apart, occasionally all scattered, rachis and
its branches glabrescent, pedicels adpressed rusty-puberulous, with
small decidous bract at base and 2 very minute triangular deciduous
bracteoles close to calyx. Calyx wide-campanulate thinly silky ‘2 in.
long, with ripe fruit °25 in. in diam. circumscissile at base. Oorolla °6
in., standard erect orbicular ‘5 in. wide, with ecallose cordate base.
Stamens 2-adelphous, the vexillary filament free from the rest to the
base. Ovary pubescent, ovules 5-7. Pod strap-shaped, coriaceous, dis-
tinctly reticulated, 2°5-8 in. long, 15 in. wide, upper suture narrowly
winged, wing never exceeding ‘1 in. in breadth, usually much less and
sometimes barely perceptible, always more or less sinuate between the
1-5 seeds. Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 113; Bak. in Flor.
Brit, Ind. II, 246. Pongamia sinuata Wall. Cat. 5911. Pongamia
grandifolia Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5882, not of Zoll. & Mor.

Perak; on banks of tidal rivers, Kunstler 179! Scortechini !
Mauacca; river banks, Grifith 1773! Maingay 551! Distrip. Ceylon ;
Sundribuns: Coasts of Indo-China and the Malay Archipelago.

98

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 99

2. Derris Watticuir Prain. A strong climber with glabrous
brownish lenticular branches. Leaves 8-12 in. long, leaflets pale-green,
5-9, subcoriaceous oblong-lanceolate acute, base rounded, 4—5 in. long
1-5-2 in. wide, glabrous on both surfaces, lateral nerves ascending 8-9
pairs prominent beneath, rachis 4-8 in. long glabrous as are the petio-
lules *25 in. long. Flowers in ample thyrsoid terminal and axillary
panicles 8-16 in. long, their branches ‘5-1°5 in. long at intervals of
*25—5 in., their nodes not tumid nor produced into stalks, pedicels ‘2—25
in. long arranged in subopposite pairs at intervals of ‘2—'3 in., rachis
and its branches thinly-silky as are the pedicels and calyx, bracts at
base of pedicels ovate, much shorter than buds, lateral pair of bracteoles
at their apices very minute. Calyx tubular at lenoeth campanulate, mouth
truncate, ‘12 in. long, ‘15 in. wide. Corolla ‘3 in. long, standard erect
orbicular with cordate ecallose base. Stamens 2-adelphous, the vexillary
filament quite free. Ovary pubescent, ovules 4. Pod broadly strap-
shaped, thin, flat, glabrous, finely veined, 1:5-4°5 in. long, 1:5 in. wide
1-2-seeded, not sinuate between the seeds ; distinctly winged down both
margins. Pterocarpus floribundus Wall. Cat. 5846. Derris thyrsiflora
Prain MSS. in Herb. Calcutta (as to Andamans specimens) hardly of
Bentham.

ANDAMANS; King’s Collectors ! Distris. Silhet, Cachar and Khasia.

The Andaman specimens here described have leaves very like those of D.
thyrsiflora but they have rather more nerves and are not quite so thick. The long
pedicels, however, make it very easy to distinguish the two, while the fruits of D.
Wallichii are broader than those of D. thyrsiflora. In distributing specimens from
the Calcutta Herbarium those from the Andamans were unfortunately issued under
the name D. thyrsiflora.

3. DerRis THYRSIFLORA Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 114.
A large rambling bush or small tree with spreading branches, 15 to
20 feet high, or a robust climber reaching 60-80 feet in length, in either
case with a stem 6-8 in. in diam. with glabrous lenticelled branches.
Leaves 8-15 in. long, leaflets dark-green, 5-9, coriaceous oblong to oblong- —
lanceolate usually acute sometimes rounded at apex, base rounded or
cuneate, 4-6 in. long, 1°5-2°5 in. wide, glabrous on both surfaces, lateral
nerves ascending 5—7 pairs rather prominent beneath, rachis 4-10 in.
long, glabrous as are the petiolules *25 in. long. Flowers in ample thyr-
soid terminal and axillary panicles 8-24 in. long, their branches *5—2 in.
long at intervals of -25—5 in., their nodes not tumid nor produced into
stalks, pedicels in fruit under ‘1 in. in flower hardly perceptible, arrang-
ed usually in close-set subopposite pairs, rachis and its branches thinly
silky as is the subsessile calyx with linear deciduous basal bracteole as
Jong as bud and with two very minute lateral bracteoles. Calyx tubular,

at length campanulate, mouth truncate, *12 in. long, "15 in. wide, green-
99

100 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

ish white. Corolla white, ‘3 in. long, standard erect orbicular °35 in.
wide, with ecallose cordate base. Stamens 2-adelphous, the vexillary
filament free from the rest to the base, the free portion of all the filaments
slightly puberulous. Ovary pubescent; ovules 4. Pod strap-shaped,
thin, flat, glabrous finely-veined, 1°5-3°5 in. long, 1-1°25 in. wide, dis-
tinctly winged along both sutures, wings subequal ‘2-25 in. wide, not
sinuate between the 1-3 (very rarely 4) seeds. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind.
II, 246 (excl. syn. Amerimnum obovatum and Pongamia Wall. Cat. 9054).
Derris pyrrothyrsa Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 297. <Aganope floribunda
Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 151. Millettia thyrsiflora Benth. Pl. Jungh. 249.

Nicosars; Kamorta, Kurz! Kevan; Yau, Ridley 5224! PENANG ;
Curtis 248! Maracca; Griffith 1776! Maingay 5652! Derry 94! 1030!
Perak; Scortechini, 907! 1176! 13842! 1533! 1639! 2073! Wray, 1985 !
9513! 2770! 3068! Kunstler 3630! 6419! 7638! 7757! 7919! 10062!
10395! 10850! Panana; Ridley 2456! 2458! Srimcarore; Anderson !
Kurz! Hullett! Distris. Sumatra, Java. .

This species is very distinct from D. sinwata by reason of its much smaller, more
numerous, and more closely set florets, which are as nearly as possible sessile; also
on account of its very different pods which are shorter, much thinner, not sinuate
between the seeds and are distinctly winged down both sutures. It is much more
closely related to the last species from which it can be most easily distinguished
by the absence of pedicels.

The synonym Amerimum obovatum is excluded because that plant is the same
as Pongamia obovata Grah., reduced, with justice, to Derris cuneifolia. And the
synonym Pongamia Wall. Cat. 9054 is also excluded, at least as a temporary
measure, because Mr. Baker, in another passage, has referred it to Spatholobus
acuminatus.

There are at Calcutta authentic examples, named by Dr. Miquel himself, both
of Aganope floribunda Miq. and of Derris pyrrothyrsa Miq.; these are specimens of
the same species, from Java and Sumatra respectively ; they agree exactly with our
specimens from the Malay Peninsula,

The variation in habit depends on whether the species is growing in open places
or in dense forest.

§ 2. BracHyPTEeRuM. Trees or climbers with comparatively small
leaflets; flowers medium fasciculate on tumid nodes in axillary panicles :
stamens monadelphous ; base of vexilluam without callosities; pod thin
strap-shaped, narrow, pointed at both ends, winged only along the upper
suture.

4. DeRRIS SCANDENS Benth. in. Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 103.
A very large climber often exceeding 100 feet in length with branchlets
at first obscurely grey downy; stems as thick as a man’s wrist with
very irregularly excentric annual rings. Leaves 4-6 in. long, dark
green ; leaflets 9-19, rigidly subcoriaceous obovate-oblong to oblong,
acute rarely obtuse at apex, cuneate less often rounded at base, 2 in
jong, *75 in. wide, polished and glabrous above, obscurely adpressed

100

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 101

grey-pubescent, dull beneath; rachis 2°5-4 in. long, grooved above,
glabrous as are the petiolules ‘2 in. long. Flowers in very long copious
short-peduncled axillary racemes, sometimes 15-18 in. in length, with
. distant tumid nodes sometimes produced into short branches each
bearing a cluster of unequal slender pedicels *15—'25 in. long, the various ~
flowers from one node expanding successively, rachis and pedicels finely
adpressed-pubescent, the pedicels 2-bracteolate under the calyx, the
bracteoles ovate minute. Calyx ‘12 in. long, thinly silky, wide-campa-
nulate, teeth obscure. Corolla white to pale-rose, ‘35 in. long. Stamens
mouadelphous. Ovary finely puberulous ; ovules 6-8. Pod 1-3 in. long,
‘4—'5 in. wide, narrowed to both ends, narrowly winged along the upper
suture, 1-4 seeded, uniformly finely adpressed grey-silky, somewhat
turgid against the seeds. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 240. Dalbergia
scandens Roxb. Cor. Pl. IT, t. 192; DC. Prodr. II, 417; Wall. Cat. 5857:
Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 232; W.& A. Prodr. 264; Wight, le, #3275.
Dalbergia timorensis DC. Prodr. Il, 417. Pongamia coriacea Grah. in
Wall. Cat, 5905. Bruchypterum scandens Benth. in Ann. Wien. Mus.
II, 101; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. 1,138. Brachypterum timorense Benth.
in Miq. Pl. Jungh. 253; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 138.

ANDAMANS; very common everywhere. Nicozars: plentiful. PENANG ;
Curtis 979! Panane: Ridley 2639! Disrris. South-Eastern Asia to
North Australia, general.

Mr. Baker has described the pod as glabrous ; it never becomes quite glabrous
even when ripe. Though the name Derris scandens is most generally used for this
species, it has to be pointed out that, so soon as Deguelia is recognised to be the best
generic name, this species will have to be known as Deguelia timorensis 'aub.
(Natiir. Pflanzenfam. III, 3. 345) because Deguelia scandens is the original name
for the American plant at present known as Derris guianensis Bth. The genus was
published under the name Deguelia before it was published under the name Derris.

5. Doerris patperciomes. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 241. A
spreading tree 30-40 feet high ; branchlets silky-pubescent. Leaves 6-8
in. long by 1:5-2 in. wide, leaflets 25-39, linear rounded-obtuse at both
ends slightly oblique at the base the apex slightly emarginate, 1 in.
long, 35 in. wide, firmly papery, adpressed pubescent on both sides, dark-
green above paler beneath, lateral nerves 7-8 pairs, indistinct, rachis
5-6 in. long and petiolules -1—15 in. rusty-pubescent. Flowers in
copious short-peduncled axillary racemes 3-6 in. long very rarely ex-
ceeding the leaves, about °65-"75 in. wide with crowded tumid nodes
each bearing a dense cluster of unequal short pedicel: -1 in. long or less,
the various florets of a node expanding successively, rachis and pedicels
brown silky-pubescent, the pedicels 2-bracteolate under the calyx, the
bracteoles linear 08 in. long. Calya ‘15 in. long, densely brown-silky,
shortly but distinctly toothed, the teeth deltoid the lower subequal, the

101

102 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

two upper somewhat united. Corolla rose-purple, ‘45 in. tong, standard
oblong, base cordate 2-glandular. Stamens monadelphous. Ovary
densely pubescent, ovules 5-8. Pod 1—5-seeded narrowed to both ends
]-2°5 in. long, winged along the upper suture.

Perak; very common, Scortechini 1995! Ridley 3024! Kunstler
3039! 5805! Parani; Machado 5812! Matracca; Maingay 603! Derry,
138! 488! Goodenough 1829! Distris. Tenasserim and Martaban.

None of the large suites of specimens sent to Calcutta has fruit; Mr. Baker
describes the pod as exactly like that of D. robusta; he however describes D. robusta
as having a glabrous pod which is never the case. Further Mr. Baker has described
the leaflets of this species as ‘glabrous’ and on this account Father Scortechini has
proposed for the Perak plant the name D. dalbergioides var. dasyphylla, to be
distinguished by its pubescent leaflets from Mr. Baker’s plant. The leaves of the
original specimens collected by Parish and Maingay have, however, leaflets pubescent
on both surfaces exactly as in the Perak plant.

§ 3. Euperris. Robust climbers with medium to large leaflets;
flowers rather large fasciculate on tumid or produced nodes in axillary
panicles; stamens monadelphous; base of vexillum without callosities ;
pod thin, broadly oblong or suborbicular, obtuse, winged only along the
upper suture.

6. Derris uLictnosa Benth. Pl. Jungh. 252. A widely spreading
shrubby climber sometimes 40 feet long, with glabrous branches ; stems
9-2 in.in diam. eaves 5-8 in. long, leaflets usually 5, but very often 3,
casually solitary, the terminal exceeding the others, rigidly subcoriaceous,
ovate, acuminate or caudate-acuminate, base always rounded, 3-5 in.
long, 15-2°5 in. wide, polished above quite glabrous on both surfaces,
lateral nerves 7-8 pairs, very faint, looping at their ends some way
within margin, bright green above paler beneath, rachis 2-5 in. long,
channelled above and glabrous as are the petiolules ‘25 in. long, secon-
dary nerves indistinct. Flowers in rather short showy axillary racemes,
3-5 in. long, with nodes produced into short stalks each bearing one or
several subequal pedicels the flowers of a fascicle opening subsimul-
taneously, rachis and pedicels glabrous, the node-stalks ‘15 in., the
pedicels proper as long, bracteolate at base and again 2-bracteolate a
little below the calyx. Oulyz ‘15 in. long, subglabrous except the
shortly ciliate subtruncate margin, rather wide-campanulate. Corolla
delicate rose-pink, ‘4 in. long, standard orbicular base subcordate eglan-
dular. Stamens monadelphous. Ovary finely puberulous, ovules 5-7,
Pod obliquely rounded-oblong 1-5 in. long, 1°75 in. across, glabrous,
pale straw-colour when ripe, thin, flat, distinctly reticulately-veined ;
seed solitary, yellowish-brown, much compressed, 1 in. long almost as
broad. Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 107; Mig. Flor. Ind.
Bat. 1,141; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind.. II, 241. Robinia uliginosa Roxb.

102

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 103

ex Willd. Sp. Pl. IfI, 1133. Galedupa uliginosa Roxb. Hort. Beng. 53 ;
Fl. Ind. ITI, 243. Pongamia uliginosa DC. Prodr. II, 416; Wall. Cat.
5879 (excl. H.); W. & A. Prodr, 262. Pterocarpus uliginosus Roxb.
ex G. Don. Gen. Syst. IT, 377.

In all the provinces, on the sea-coasts and on muddy tidal-river
banks, common. UDzrsrris. Sea-shores from Eastern Africa and the Mas-
carene Islands to Malaya and Western Polynesia.

Mr. Bentham would refer here Derris Forsteniana Bl. (Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I,
144); this hardly seems probable owing to Miquel’s description of the leaves as
having 3 pairs of leaflets. Mr. Baker would also refer here Dalbergia heterophylla
Willd. (Sp. Pl. III, 901), but this again is very improbable for D. heterophylla has,
according to the original description, obtuse leaves, which Derris uliginosa never
has ; as, also, racemes longer than the leaves, which those of D. uliginosa never are.

7. Derris ELEGANS Benth. Pl. Jungh. I, 252. A rather slender
creeper sometimes 60 feet long, with brown pubescent branchlets.
Leaves 8-12 in. long, dark-green, leaflets 5 (very rarely 3 or 7) the
terminal exceeding the others, rigidly subcoriaceous, from oblong to
lanceolate, base always somewhat rounded, 3-8 in. long, 15-4 in. wide,
glabrous above, when young rusty-pubescent (sometimes persistently so)
beneath, rachis rusty-pubescent 4 in. long, petiolules glabrescent ‘2 in.
long with rigid subulate stipels ‘1 in. long, lateral veins 6-8 pairs pro-
minent like midrib beneath. Flowers in solitary or fascicled axillary

racemes 2-3 in. long, always much shorter than the leaves, nodes
_bracteate tumid but not produced into stalks, each bearing one or several
subequal pedicels, rachis and pedicels rather densely villous with spread-
ing rusty pubescence, the pedicels filiform ‘35 in. long with 2 linear
bracteoles a little below the calyx. Calyx ‘15 in. long, black purple,
sparsely pubescent, margin subtruncate. Corolla pure-white with pink
tips, ‘4-5 in, long, standard orbicular-oblong tapering at base eglandular.
Stamens monadelphous. Ovary softly villous, ovules 2-4. Pod obliquely
rounded-oblong or oblong 1°5 (rarely 2'5 in.) long, 1 in. wide, thin, flat,
distinctly reticulated, covered throughout with a fine sparse pubescence ;
seeds 1, rarely 2, much compressed °75 in, in diam.

Var. typica ; leaflets ovate to lanceolate, acute, becoming at length
subglabrous beneath, flowers ‘5 in. long. Derris elegans Benth. Pl. Jungh.
T, 252; Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 109; Bak. in Flor. Brit, Ind. II,
242. Pongamia elegans Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5883. Pongamia floribunda
Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5884. Legwminosa Wall. Cat. 7540.

ANDAMANS ; King’s Collectors! Parax ; Kunstler 1419! 3911! Disreis.
Tenasserim eink Martaban ; Sumatra Uiackol | ')

— Var. vestita ; leailate oblong-acuminate to ovate-acute, cial
_ persistently rusty-velvety beneath, flowers rather smaller -4 in. long.
D. vestita Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 242.

103

104 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Maracca; Maingay 608! Perak; Scortechini 1758! Kunstler 2775!
4014! 5583! 7398! Disrris.; Tenasserim.

The only differences between the two plants are in the points noted; their fruits
are identical. The species is evidently closely related to D. uliginosa and has very
similar pods; these however are always rather narrower in proportion to their
length and further differ in occasionally being 2-seeded. But the inflorescence
differs in the two in that the nodes of D. elegans are not produced ; and the leaves
differ markedly from those of D. uliginosa in shape, and as to pubescence. The
most striking peculiarity of D. elegans is however the presence of stipels, a feature
most unusual in Derris, but equally manifest in both varieties. ,

§ 4. DrpreroperRISs. Robust climbers with large leaflets, flowers
medium on tumid or produced nodes in terminal and axillary panicles ;
stamens monadelphous, base of vexillum without callosities ; pod winged
down both sutures.

8. Derris ANDAMANICA Prain. A strong climber with fulvous or
tawny-pubescent branches. Leaves 10-16 in. long; leaflets pale-green
7-9 (rarely 5) coriaceous, oblong or elliptic shortly cuspidate, base
rounded, 5-6 in. long 2-3 in. -wide, glabrous on both surfaces, lateral
nerves 8-10 pairs spreading faint below not visible above except in
young leaves, secondary veining fine, rachis 6-12 in. long glabrous as
are the petiolules “25 in. Flowers in ample terminal and axillary
panicles, the branches rather numerous ascending 5-8 in. long, nodes
tumid or produced into short stalks sometimes “75-1 in. long, bearing
several unequal filiform pedicels either clustered at their tips or scatter-
ed throughout their extent, rachis and branches pale tawny-pubescent,
pedicels puberulous ‘2-3 in. long exceeding the calyx, bracteate at their
base and 2-bracteolate under the calyx. Calyx wide-campanulate ‘12 in.
long, densely silky, green, margin subentire. Corolla white ‘6 in. long,
standard orbicular, base ecallose shallow-cordate. Stamens monadel-
phous. Ovary finely pubescent ; ovules 4, Pod finely tawny-silky, thin,
strap-shaped, 3-4 in. long, 1 in. wide, winged subequally along both
sutures, wings ‘12 in. wide; seeds 1-3. Derris sinwata Prain in Journ.
As. Soc. Beng. LX, 2, 311 not of Benth.

Anpamans; from Coco Group southwards; common on the coasts.
NicoBARS; common.

This fine species has not, so far, been collected outside the limits of the
Andamans and Nicobars. Originally referred in the Calcutta Herbarium to Derris
sinuata, recent and fuller suites of specimens gnow show that its nearest alliance is
with the South Indian D. ewalata Bedd., but it has longer pedicels and smaller
bracteoles than has that species, and has a silky pod.

9. Derris arFinis Benth. Pl. Jungh, 252. <A climber with pale-
brown lenticular glabrous branches. Leaves 6 in. long, pale-green,
leaflets 5 subequal, firmly chartaceous, ovate-acute base rounded, 2°5 in.

104

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 105

long, 1°25 in. wide, glabrous on both surfaces, lateral nerves 10 pairs
‘prominent on both sides running almost to margin of blade, rachis 3°5
in., glabrous as are the petiolules *2 in. long. Flowers in lax axillary
panicles 6-8 in. long, sparingly branched, branches 2°5 in. long or less,
spreading, nodes tumid but not produced into stalks, bearing one or more
unequal filiform pedicels, rachis and pedicels sparsely adpressed-puberu-
lous, the pedicels *2 in. long rather longer than the calyx, bracteate at
their base, 2-bracteolate close under the calyx. Calyx campanulate °12
in. long, subglabrous, purplish, margin sinuate-toothed, Corolla appa-
rently white, 35 in. long, standard orbicular ecallose, Stamens mona-
delphous. Ovary sparsely hairy; ovules about 4, Derris uliginosa var.
Loureirit Benth. in Journ. Linn, Soc. IV, Suppl. 108 in part. Pongamia
uliginosa Wall. Cat. 5879 (E only) not of DC.

Penance; Wallich!

Nearly related to D. marginata Bth. from which it differs mainly in having
shorter pedicels 2-bracteolate close under the calyx, amd in having rather smaller
leaflets with more numerous nerves. It seems also very nearly related to the next
species from which it differs in its shorter panicles and its leaflets with more numer-
ous and more prominent nerves, It is besides nearly related to D. amena but differs
in having thinner leaves, and laxer panicles with spreading not fastigiate branches.

10. Derris FLORIBUNDA Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 105.
A stout rambling shrub with glabrous whitish branches, Leaves 4—5 in.
long, leaflets 3-5, pale-green, thinly coriaceous, broadly elliptic-oblong,
base rounded, apex shortly and obtusely acuminate, 2—2°5 in. long 1-1°5
in. wide, glabrous on both surfaces, lateral nerves 4 pairs very faint
‘beneath not visible above, rachis 3-4 in. long, glabrous as are the
petiolules -25 in. long. Flowers in long lax axillary panicles sometimes
15-18 in. long, sparingly branched, the branches 4—6 in. long, spreading,
nodes distant tumid, sometimes produced into stalks bearing 2-6 unequal
filiform pedicels, rachis and pedicels sparsely spreading-puberulons, the
pedicels ‘4 in. long, 2-bracteolate at base of calyx, Calyx campanulate
712 in. long, purple-brown, margin crenate. Corolla white, ‘3 in. long.
standard orbicular ecallose with a green spot above the long claw.
Stamens monadelphous. Ovary sparsely puberulous, ovules 2-3. Bra-
chypterum floribundum Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 139.

Perak; Larut, Scortechini 2180! Disrris. Java.

The Perak specimens have pedicels rather more glabrous than the Java ones;
otherwise they agree very closely. Miquel refers the plant doubtfully to Bra-
_chypterum ; to the writer it seems as if its affinities were rather with Dipteroderris ;
_unfortuuately the pod is still unknown. The Perak plant is 2-ovuled, the Java
one 3-ovuled, in all the flowers examined by the writer.

J1, Derris am@na Benth. Pl. Jungh. 252. A large glabrous
climber reaching 50 feet, with black branches. Leaves 6-8 in. long,

~105

106 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

leaflets bright-green, 7 (sometimes 9, rarely 5), rigidly subcoriaceous to
coriaceous, ovate-oblong cuspidate, base rounded to cuneate, 2—4 in. long,
1-2 in. wide, glabrous on both surfaces, lateral nerves numerous
parallel spreading indistinct beneath visible above, rachis 4-6 in.,
glabrous as are the petiolules ‘25 in. long. Flowers in rather dense,
fastigiately branched, axillary panicles 6~9 im. long, lower branches
almost equalling main-rachis, nodes rather close often produced in short
stalks bearing usually 3 unequal filiform pedicels, rachis and pedicels
glabrous, the pedicels ‘25 in. long, 2-bracteolate a short distance below
calyx. Calyx campanulate ‘12 in., glabrescent, mouth sinuately-toothed.
Corolla pink (Ridley) or purple (Kunstler), °3 in. long, standard orbicular
ecallose. Stamens monadelphous. Ovary sparsely puberulous; ovules
usually 2. Pod thin glabrous ligulate-oblong flexible finely veined, 3-4
in. long, 1-1°5 in, wide, upper wing ‘25 in. wide, lower narrow; seeds
usually 2, sometimes solitary.

Var. typica ; leaves rigidly subcoriaceous green beneath. D. amena
Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 110; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II.
245. Pongamia amena Wall. Cat. 5912.

Perak; Kunstler 1381! Scortechint 1736! Matacca; Maingay!
Distris, Tenasserim.

Var. Maingayana; leaves coriaceous glaucous beneath. Derris
Maingayana Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 240.

Mauacca ; Derry! Sinearore; Maingay! Hullett! Ridley 6402!

It seems impossible, now that large suites of specimens have been sent from
Malacca by Mr. Derry, to treat these two plants as more than varieties of one
species. Mr. Derry gives two local names for his plant, ‘ Aker-tuba-tuba’ and
‘ Aker-pakidah,’

§ 5. Paraperris. Robust climbers with large leaflets, flowers large
on usually produced nodes in axillary panicles; stamens monadelphous ;
base of vexillum with two callosities extending along the claw; pod
winged down the upper suture.

12. Derris ELLIpTicA Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. 1V, Suppl. 111. A
large climbing shrub 20-30 feet long with black warted branches and
rusty-pubescent young shoots. Leaves 9-15 in. long, dull greyish-green,
leaflets 9-13 subequal, at first membranous, with age subcoriaceous,
oblong to oblanceolate-oblong cuspidate, 3-6 in. long, 1-1-3 in. wide,
pubescent beneath, at first puberulous at length glabrous above, rachis
6-9 in. long, rusty-pubescent faintly grooved above, petiolules *2 in. long
rusty-pubescent, lateral veins 8-10 pairs prominent beneath as is the ©
midrib. Flowers in copious lax axillary racemes 9-10 in. long, never
exceeding the leaves, nodes produced into distinct stalks ‘3-13 in. long,
each bearing one or more (usually 3) subequal pedicels, rachis and

106 7

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 107

pedicels densely rusty-tomentose the pedicels slender ‘25 in. long,
bracteolate at their bases and 2-bracteolate under the calyx. Calyx
‘25 in., densely rusty-pubescent, wide-campanulate the mouth sinuately
subtruncate. Corolla from pure white (Scortechini) to white with pink
tinge (Kunsiler) or dull pink (Wray), ‘65 in. long, standard densely
silky on the back, orbicular with rounded 2-callose base. Stamens
monadelphous. Ovary vilious, ovules usually 4 (sometimes 3, rarely 5).
Pod oblong to lanceolate, 1—4-seeded, 1:°5-3°5 in. long, 75 in. wide,
distinctly winged along upper, faintly along lower suture. Bak. in
Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 243. Galedupa elliptica Roxb. Hort. Beng. 53;
Flor. Ind. III, 242. Pongamia elliptica Wall. Pl. As. Rar. III, 20, t.
237; Cat. 5881; Wight, Ic. t. 420; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 148. Pon-
gamia dubia Grah. in Wall, Cat. 5899. Pongamia volubdilis Zoll. &
Mor. Syst. Verzeichn. 3; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. 1, 148. Millettia pachy-
carpa Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 106 in part (as to the Malacca locality).
Matacca; Griffith! Maingay! Perak; Scortechini 1738! Wray
1678! 1695! 3823! Kunstler 1431! Dustris. Northwards through
Tenasserim to Chittagong; southwards through Sumatra to Java.

Mr. Wray gives ‘ Aker-tuba’ as the Malay name of this species. It has a
true Derris pod but differs markedly from the other species by its standard silky on
the outside. When they are only in flower and the leaves of both are still young it
is very difficult without careful examination to distinguish this species from Millettia
pachycurpa. This is Zollinger’s Pongamia volubilis of which there are authentic
specimens at Calcutta; it is also said by Mr. Bentham to be the same as P. Hors-
fieldii Miq. and P. hypoleuca Miq.; neither of these is represented in Herb. Calcutta.

13. DeERRIS MALACCENSIS Prain. A rather slender creeper 30-50
feet long with glabrous branches. Leaves 9-15 in. long, bright-green,
leaflets 5-7 (rarely 9), subequal, subcoriaceous, elliptic, base rounded
apex caudate-acuminate, 4-6 in. long 2-2°5 in. wide, the caudate tip
‘35-6 in. long, glabrous on both surfaces, rachis 6-8 in. long, glabrous
hardly grooved above, petiolules ‘25 in. glabrous, lateral veins about 5
pairs indistinct. Flowers in solitary axillary racemes 4-6 in. long always
much shorter than the leaves, nodes produced in stalks *]5—2 in. long
each bearing one or several subequal pedicels, rachis and pedicels
glabrescent, the pedicels filiform -25 in. long bracteolate at base and
with 2 small lanceolate bracteoles very near base of calyx. Calyx ‘15
in. long reddish, wide-campanulate, glabrous except the ciliate slightly
sinuate margin. Corolla white or yellow tinged with pink, ‘65 in. long, -
standard orbicular truncate or subcordate at the 2-callose base. Stamens
monadelphous. Ovary densely rusty-pubescent ; ovules 4—5. Pod oblong
winged or not, glabrous, 1—4-seeded, 2—3 in. long.

Var. typica ; pod 1°5 in. wide, winged along the upper suture, some-
times along both. Derris cuneifolia var. malaccensis Benth. Journ. Linn,
Soc. IV, Suppl. 112.

/

107°

108 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Pexak; Larut, Goping, ete. Kunstler 4028! 4149! 4504! 8551!
Scortechint 110! Manacca; Griffith 1774! Styaarorn; Eedley ! Distr.
Tenasserim ; Borneo. .

“Var.? aptera; pod 1 in. wide, wingless; leaflets with lateral veins
stronger beneath. |

Maracca; Maingay 613! Perak; Kunstler 4518! 6428!

Var. ? millettioides; pod and leaflets as in var.? aptera but the
former usually longer and ultimately dehiscing (as in Milletiia) along
both sutures. '

Perak ; Ulu Bubong, Kunstler 10696 !

The plant here described as Derris malaccensis is extremely closely related to
D. cuneifolia of which indeed it was treated by Mr. Bentham as a variety. Its
leaves differ mainly in having fewer bunt larger leaflets with long caudate-acuminate
tips; the flowers, too, are considerably larger and of a somewhat different colour :
the pods of D. malaccensis are also much larger than those of D. cuneifolia, It
must also, from the description of that plant, be very nearly allied to D. montana
Benth. (Pl. Jungh. 253) a Java species not represented in Herb. Calcutta. The
foliage of the two is evidently almost identical but the flowers are a little larger in
D. montana, being °75 in. long. D. malaccensis is thus evidently intermediate be-
tween D. cuneifolia and D. montana as regards its petals; it is likewise intermediate
as regards ovary. Mr. Bentham ascribes two ovules to D. cwnetfolia and this is
almost always the case; in one or two flowers, however, three ovnles have been
found; Mr. Baker indeed says that the pod of D. cuneifolia may be 3-seeded,—this
no Calcutta specimen shows. To D. montana Mr. Bentham ascribes “about 8
ovules ;”’ D. malaccensis has had, in almost every flower examined, 4 ovules and in
some pods it has 4 seeds; one or two ovaries with 5 ovules have been met with,
but never more than 5 have been seen. war

The plants named var. ? aptera and var. ? millettioides are placed here merely
for convenience of reference. They are both reported in fruit only, and as they
have almost exactly the leaves of Derris malaccensis it seems better for the present
to refer to them under that species. As regards vAR.? aptera indeed this is the
more essential since two gatherings from Perak (Wray 2025! Kunstler 3190!), and
one from Penang (Curtis 2735!) have pods intermediate between those of VAR. ?
aptera and those of D. malaccensis. The pods of vAr.? aptera are, however,
obviously those of a Pongamia rather than those of a Derris, if Pongamia be
really entitled to a separate generic position, which the writer hardly believes.
The distinguishing character is a quite artificial and, as these very plants show, a
somewhat inadequate one.

The existence of var ? millettioides raises an even more troublesome question,
the relationship of Millettia to Derris. The arrangement adopted in the Genera
Plautarum, the Histoire des Plantes and the Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien places
Derris aud Pongamia among the Dalbergiee and Millettia among the Galegex. ‘This
then, considering the great authority of the authors who have sanctioned it, must
be accepted as the most natural arrangement possible. That a more tnconveni™
ent one could hardly be devised has, however, been the experience of most field
botanists and of most authors who have had to deal with the species belonging to the
genera. For these genera are so closely allied that they only differ, and that merely

108

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsila. 109

‘on paper,’ in the “tardy dehiscence” of the pod in Millettia, its “indehiscence ”
in Pongamia and Derris. Asa matter of fact Mr. Bentham has placed in Derris a
species (D microptera) the pods of whicl: dehisce, while Mr. Kurz has placed in
Millettia a species (M. monticola) that has the pods of a Derris. No taxonomist,
however able, can venture in the absence of fruit to do more than suggest to which
of the three genera a particular species should be referred. A fourth genus to
which similar remarks apply is Lonchocarpus; this only differs from Rpecies of
Derris that have thin pods, exactly as Pongamia differs from species of Derris that
have turgid pods, in having sutures without wings. It is, moreover, a suspicious
fact that Koorders and Valeton (Bijdr. II,) find the same difficulty in separating
Pongamia from Millettia.

In the works of Roxburgh and of Wight and Arnott, also in Bentham’s account
of the Leguminose in Plant. Junghuhn., Millettia was not divorced from Derris and
its allies ; Miquel and Kurz, too, continued to place the genera side by side. And
certainly if they have adopted the less natural method of arrangement, it cannot be
denied that, in so doing, these authors have retained a much more convenient one.

29. KUNSTLERIA Prain.

Woody climbers with unequally pinnately 1-7-foliolate exstipellate
leaves ; stipules small, deciduous. Flowers rather small in ample ter-
minal thyrsoid panicles extending into the axils of the upper leaves:
pedicels solitary, nodes nottumid. Calyx campanulate, teeth lanceolate
the two upper connate. Corolla distinctly exserted; standard ovate
entire; keel boat-shaped the petals slightly cohering. Stamens diadel-
phous the upper one quite free from the other 9 and adnate at base to
standard claw; anthers versatile uniform on alternately short and long
free filaments. Ovary sessile, few-ovuled ; style incurved filiform, stigma
capitate. Pod thin flat strap-shaped membranaceors or coriaceous,
indehiscent, style terminal, sutures not winged. Seeds 1-3, much com-
pressed, oblong; radicle inflexed. Species 5, Malayan.

This interesting genus possesses the habit of Spatholobus with the calyx and
almost the corolla and stamens of that genus. It differs, however, in having its.
flowers solitary in place of fascicled on tumid nodes; in having exstipellate leaflets
varying in number in different species from 1-7; and in having the pod quite
indehiscent with the seeds centrally not terminally situated, in this last character
being indistinguishable from Lonchocarpus. From Lonchocarpus however Kunstleria
differs in having the flowers unfascicled, in having the calyx toothed, and in having
the stamens diadelphous. As regards inflorescence Kunstleria agrees exactly with
Derris § Aganope and agrees moreover with that group of species in having the
vexillary stamen free. But here again Kunstleria differs in having a wingless pod
and a toothed calyx, and in having the free stamen adnate to the standard claw.
With the calyx of Spatholobus then, we have associated in Kwnstleria the inflorescence
of Aganope and the pod of Lonchocarpus.

The genus is dedicated to the memory of Herr H. H. Kunstler, one of the most
enthusiastic, as he was one of the most painstaking and faithful of the collectors
who have laid down their lives in the cause of science in the tropics.

109

110 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Leaflets solitary, with petiolules attached slightly within margin
of lamina :—
Leaflets and petioles glabrous on both surfaces... ww. la. K. Curtisit.
Leaflets and petioles subscabridly pubescent Frc .. 1b. K. Curtis
VAR. lawiflora.
Leaflets several, with petiolules attached to margin of lamina :—

Leaves 3-foliate, (leaflets and petioles glabrous ; pods narrower

than in the other species of which pods are known) -. 2 K. Kingu.

Leaves 5-foliate :—

Leaflets thickly coriaceous, densely ferruginous underneath 3, K. Forbesi.
Leaflets chartaceous, glabrous on both surfaces... .. 4 K. Ridleyt.

Leaves 7-foliate, (leaflets and petioles subscabridly pubescent) 5. K. Derryt.

1. Kuwnstierta Corristt Prain. A shrubby climber with slender
branches; bark brownish lenticular. Leaves 5-8 in. long, leaflet 1,
ovate-lanceolate 4-6°5 in. long, 2°5 in. wide, apex acute base rounded,
lateral nerves ascending 4-5 pairs rather prominent as is the midrib
beneath, margin entire; rigidly chartaceous, pale-green ; petiole ‘75-15
in. long, petiolule ‘25 in. subpeltately attached. lowers in copious
terminal and axillary panicles 8-12 in. long, 5-8 in. across, rachis and
branches rusty-pubescent ; pedicels pubescent ‘08 in. long. Calya cam-
panulate densely pubescent, ‘15 in. long, teeth triangular except the
upper broadly deltoid bifid at tip half as long as tube, Corolla apparent-
ly purple, -25 in. long, standard ovate-oblong. Pod thin flat densely
rusty-pubescent, 5 in. long 1 in. wide, 2-3 seeded.

Var. typica; leaves above and petioles glabrous, leaves beneath
and petiolules sparsely adpressed-pubescent with whitish hairs; rachis
and branches of panicles sparsely rusty-pubescent; pods distinctly
reticulated.

Prenane; at Tulloh Bahang, Curtis 3019!

Var. laxiflora; leaves on both surfaces subscabridly, petioles and
petiolules densely softly pubescent with rusty tomentum, as are the
rachis and branches of the laxer more spreading panicles; pods more
densely velvety not visibly reticulated.

PancKore ; Tulloh Sera, Curtis 1632!

The calyx and corolla, so far as the limited material goes, are not distinguish-
able in these two plants. The measurements of pod given are taken from fruits of
the typical variety; the pods of the other are much smaller but are apparently not
so far advanced. When fuller material of these two plants is available it may be
necessary to consider them specifically distinct; on the other hand their leaves,
but for the different pubescence, are quite similar and it may prove unnecessary to
separate them even as varieties.

2. Kunsriteria Kinet Prain. <A very extensive climber over 100
feet long, with slender branches ; bark brown lenticular. Leaves 5-8 in.
long, leaflets 3 ovate-lanceolate 4—6 in. long, 15-2 in. wide, apex acute,

110

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 111

base of lateral leaflets rounded, of central rather the larger shortly
cuneate, lateral nerves ascending 5-6 pairs rather prominent as is the
midrib beneath, margin entire; firmly chartaceous pale-green glabrous
on both surfaces, petiole glabrous 1°5-2'5 in. long, petiolules glabrous ‘2
in. marginally attached. Flowers in copious terminal and axillary
panicles 8-12 in. long, 5-8 in. across, rachis and branches rusty-pubes-
cent; pedicels pubescent ‘08 in. long. Calya campanulate densely
pubescent ‘15 in. long, teeth triangular except the upper broadly deltoid
bifid at tip almost as long as tube, Corolla dark-purple, ‘25 in. long,
standard oblong. Pod thin flat densely brown-pubescent and distinctly
reticulated, 2-4 in. long, ‘6 in wide, 1-2 seeded, seeds oblong 1:25 in,
long, ‘5 in. wide, cotyledons thin and leaf-like, testa very dark brown.
Perak ; Larut, Kunstler 3830! 6870! 6935!

Among the many specimens sent by Mr Kunstler only one has a leaf with a
solitary leaflet, all the other leaves are 3-foliolate. The individual leaflets are
extremely like those of typical K. Curtisii and only differ in not being slightly
peltate and in being hardly so thick; the pods however are very different.

3. KounstLerta Forsestt Prain. A small shrubby climber 6-10
feet long, with densely rusty-pubescent branches. Leaves 8-10 in. long,
leaflets 5 elliptic, 3°5-5 in. long, 2-2°5 in. wide, terminal rather exceeding
the others, bases of all rounded, apex rounded shortly abruptly acuminate,
lateral nerves spreading, 6-9 pairs, rather prominent as is the midrib
beneath, margin entire; rigidly coriaceous dark-green subscabrid above
densely rusty velvety beneath, petiole rusty-puberulous 3°5 in. long,
petiolules ‘25 in. densely rusty-pubescent. Flowers in rather strict ter-
minal and axillary panicles 12-18 in. long 5-6 in. wide, rachis and
branches densely rusty-velvety, as are the very short pedicels and
Janceolate bracts *l in. long. Calyx campanulate, densely rusty-velvety,
‘15 in. long, teeth lanceolate except the triangular slightly bifid upper
almost as long as tube. Corolla deep lake-red, ‘25 in. long, standard
oblong. Pod not seen.

Perak; Salama, Kunstler 3094! Distris. Sumatra (Forbes 3241! ).

4. Kunstueria Ripteyr Prain. A climber with slender puberu-
lous brauches. Leaves 6-8 in. long, leaflets 5 elliptic, 2-3°5 in. long, 125-2
in. wide, terminal considerably larger than the others, bases of all nar-
rowly truncate, apex tapering to a finally somewhat abrupt blunt point,
lateral nerves ascending, 5-6 pairs, rather prominent as is the midrib
beneath ; margin entire, firmly chartaceous pale-green glabrous on both
surfaces, petiole sparsely pubescent 2-3 in, long, petiolules rusty-pubes-
cent, ‘2 in. long, marginally attached. Flowers in rather strict terminal
and axillary panicles 12-18 in, long, 4-5 in. across, rachis and branches

sparsely rusty-pubescent ; pedicels very short, and subulate bracts ‘08 in.
lll.

112 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. |

long, densely rusty. Calyx campanulate densely rusty, °15 in. long, teeth
triangular except the broadly deltoid slightly bifid upper, rather more
than half as long as tube. Corolla -25 in. long, standard broadly ovate.
Pod thin flat densely rusty-pubescent and distinctly reticulated, 6 in,
long 1°25 in. wide.

SINGAPORE ; Etidley, 6395 !

A very distinct species, in inflorescence most resembling K. Forbesit but with
leaves of the consistence and appearance of those of K. Kingii, though with 5 leaflets
in place of 3. The pod however is very different from that of K. Kingii, and
resembles that of K. Curtisii, the chief difference being that the meshes of the reti-
culations on the valves are much opener in K. Ridley than in K. Curtisii.

5.. Kunstierta Derryt Prain. A climber with densely pale-rusty
pubescent branches. Leaves 6-8 in, long, leaflets 7, ovate-lanceolate, 1-3
in. long ‘75-1°5 in. wide, terminal with deltoid base considerably exceed-
ing the lateral with rounded bases, all with cuneate apex, lateral nerves
ascending 6-7 pairs, rather prominent as is the midrib beneath, margin
entire; rigidly chartaceous pale-green subscabridly pubescent on. the
nerves above, uniformly subscabrid beneath as are the petioles 2°5-3 in.,
and the marginally attached petiolules ‘2 in. long. Flowers in rather
strict terminal and axillary panicles 12-15 in. long 2-3 in. wide, rachis
and branches softly pale-rusty as are the very short pedicels and the
very small lanceolate bracts. Ca/yx campanulate, densely rusty-pubes-
cent, ‘15 in. long, teeth triangular, upper rather broader, notched, half as
long as tube. Corolla dark-purple °25 in. long, standard oblong. Pod
not seen.

Matacca; Machap Tebung Road, Derry 1006!

Leaves and branches with exactly the pubescence of K. Curtisii var. laxiflora but
with 7 leaflets instead of a solitary leaflet and with marginally, not subpeltately
attached petiolules. |

30. Datpercia Linn, fil.

Trees or climbing shrubs. Leaves with alternate subcoriaceous
leaflets. Flowers copious, small, in terminal or lateral panicles. Calya
campanulate ; teeth 5, distinct, usually short. Corolla exserted ; stand-
ard broad; keel obtuse, with its petals only joined at the tip. Stamens
9-10, monadelphous, the sheath split above, or diadelphous, the sheath
split also down the keel; anthers minute, basifixed, with the cells back
to back, and the slit mostly short and apical. Ovary stalked, few-
ovuled; style short, incurved, glabrous, stigma capitate. Pod oblong
or strap-shaped, usually thin and flat, I-4-seeded, indehiscent, not
thickened or winged at the sutures. Species 60-70, cosmopolitan in
the tropics.

112

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. (113

Stamens in two lateral phalanges of 5 filaments each, pod
thin and flattened except opposite the seeds (§ Dalbergaria) 1. D. volubilis.
Stamens monadelphous :—
Pod thin and flattened except opposite the seed (§ Sissoa)
[unknown in D. Hullettii] :— '
Flowers contemporaneous with the leaves; climbing
species :—
Stendard narrow, claws of petals shorter than calyx
tube :—
Pod very short-stalked ; flowers ‘25 in. long in pani-
cles of congested corymbs (leaflets 1 in. or more in
length) sae ... 2. D. confertiflora,
Pod distinctly stalked ; flowers Berit ("15-"2 in.)
in lax corymbose cymes :—
Leaflets *6-1°5 in. long ; corymbs mostly terminal ;

ovary puberulous < .. 3 D. Junghuhnit.

Leaflets '2-"4 in. long; corymbs ane axillary

and terminal; ovary glabrous eee .» 4. D. subsympathe-
tica.

Standard orbicular, claws of petals as long as calyx-
tube :—
Leaflets rather numerous, membranous, not cus-
pidate :—
Leaflets 13-17, 1°5-2 in. long, oblong obtuse or
subacute; racemes large spreading; calyx and
leaves densely pubescent... 5. D. velutina.
Leaflets 25-41, ‘6—'75 in. long, agin Pullen: ;
_racemes small congested ; calyx and leaves thinly

pubescent... ee .. 6. D, tamarindifolia.
Leaflets few (1-5), a i ¢ 2-4 in. cineey firm,
abruptly cuspidate a 7. D. pseudo-sissoo,
Flowers preceding the leaves; a small He ae: of
petals as long as calyx-tube) ... 8. D. Hullettiz.

Pod uniformly thickened throughout the a dil the upper
suture falcate at least when young (§ Selenolobiwm) :—
Pods flattened, reticulated, always l1-seeded, (upper
suture recurved when ripe) :—
Leaflets usually 5, small (under 1 in. long), obovate-
oblong obtuse; flowers many in congested panicles 9. D. torta,
Leaflets usually 3, large (3=-3'5 in. long), ovate-
lanceolate acute ; flowers few in short spikes ..- 10. D. menoédes.
Pods turgid, smooth, often 2-seeded :—
Upper suture recurved when ripe, pod puberulous ;
leaflets acuminate, large (4-6 in. long), prominently
veined and when young densely pubescent beneath,
thickly coriaceous see .. Ll. D. Kunstleri.
Upper suture convex like jeabee when ripe, pod
glabrous; leaflets glabrous obtuse slightly emar-
ginate, smaller (2-3°5 in, long), not ME
veined beneath, thinly coriaceous a . 12, D. parviflora.

113

114 Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula.

§ 1. Darperearta. Pod thin and flattened except opposite the
seeds. Stamens diadelphous in two lateral phalanges of 5 filaments each.

1. Daxtpereia votusitis Roxb. Cor. Pl. IT, 48 t.191. A large woody
climber, 40-60 feet high, with twining glabrescent branches here and
there thickened and twisted into spiral hooks. Leaves 4-5 in. long,
leaflets 11-13 obovate, or ovate-oblong rounded, obtuse or slightly retuse
faintly mucronulate at apex, dark-green above paler beneath, glabrous on
both surfaces, *75-1 in. long ‘5-75 in. across; racbis 3-4 in. long and
petiolules -15 in. long, quite glabrous. Flowers in copious terminal and
axillary panicles 8-12 in. long with glabrous peduncles and with
numerous horizontal or decurved puberulous branches 1-3 in. long
bearing corymbose cymes, ultimate corymbs densely congested; bracts
at base of branches of panicle small ovate subpersistent; pedicels
slender puberulous, lower ‘2 in. long upper very short with a small lan-
ceolate persistent bracteole at base and two small ovate ones embracing
the lower fifth of calyx-tube. Calyx campanulate, densely puberulous ‘1
in. long, teeth lanceolate lowest exceeding the others. Corolla pale-blue
‘25 in. long, standard broadly orbicular emarginate, reflexed at junction
of blade and claw. Stamens 10, in two lateral groups of 5 each. Pod
distinctly stalked, limear-oblong obtuse membranous, 2-3 in. long, 1 in.
wide; 1-2-seeded. Hort. Beng. 53; FI. Ind. III, 251; DC. Prodr. II,
417; Wall. Cat. 5874; W. & A. Prodr. 265; Benth. in Journ, Linn.
Soc. IV, Suppl. 46; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 235.

ANDAMANS; very common. Distris, Throughout India and Indo-
China.

By an oversight this is described in the F. B. I. as having ebracteate pedicels ;
in reality each pedicel has three persistent bracteoles, one at its base, two at its
apex,

§ 2. Sissoa. Pod thin and flattened except opposite the seeds.
Stamens monadelphous.

2. DALBERGIA CONFERTIFLORA Benth. Pl. Jungh. 255. A large
climber with sparsely puberulous, soon glabrescent branches. Leaves
4-6 in. long, leaflets firm 11-15, oblong obtuse or retuse, green and
glabrous above paler and sparsely puberulous beneath, 1-1‘5 in. long,
“5-75 in. wide; rachis 3-4in. long, glabrous as are the petiolules 2 in.
long. Flowers rather smallin ample termiual and axillary panicles, 3-5 in.
long, of corymbosely or subcapitately crowded cymes; peduncle and
branches rather densely pubescent bracts puberulous minute ovate deci-
duous; solitary bracteoles at base of pedicels also ovate deciduous ; pair
at base of calyx ovate-lanceolate persistent embracing lower fifth of calyx-
tube. Calyx °15 in. long, pubescent, rather narrowly tubular, teeth short

obtuse, one-third as long as tube except the lower lanceolate half as long
114 |

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 115

as tube. Corolla white *25 in. long, claws of petals short. Stamens 9
monadelphous. Pod thin glabrous, 2-3 in. long -75-1 in. wide, 1-3-
seeded, stalk very short. Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 41;
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 233.

ANDAMANS; very common. Disrris. Hastern Himalaya, Assam,
Chittagong, Pegu.

A very distinct species; the description of the pod given in the Flora of British
India is apparently taken from another species.

3. Darpercia JuncHuHNI Benth. Pl. Jungh. 254. A shrubby
climber 15-30 feet long, with twining glabrous branches, here and there
twisted and thickened into spiral hooks. Leaves 4-5 in. long, leaflets
7-15, oblong or elliptic, rounded at both ends faintly emarginate at the
apex, green and glabrous above, glaucescent and glabrous or faintly
puberulous beneath, ‘6-15 in. long ‘35-75 in. wide; rachis 2°5-4 in.
long, petiolules ‘15 in. long. Flowers minute, secund in an ample ter-
minal and in smaller axillary paniculate cymes 2 in. wide and as long as
the leaves, peduncle branches and pedicels pubescent; bracts minute
caducous; bracteoles all persistent, one at base of short pedicel lanceo-
late acuminate very minute, two at base of calyx ovate-obtuse embrac-
ing the lower third of calyx-tube. Calyx ‘08 in. campanulate, teeth
short obtuse one-third as long as tube, except the lower acute half as
long as tube. Corolla white, -15 in. long, claws of petals short. Stamens
9 monadelphous. Ovary pubescent. Pod thin membranous greenish,
glabrous, 2°5—-3 in. long, 1-1'3 in. wide, 1-seeded, slightly cuneate at base
and distinctly stalked.

Var. typica; leaflets usually 7-9, oblong, glabrous or only faintly
puberulous beneath. D. Junghuhnit Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. IV,
Suppl. 33; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 129; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II,
233.

Penance; 500 feet, Curtis! Manacca; Maingay 547! 547/2! Good-
enough! Derry! Singapore; Hullett 141! Ridley! Disrris. Sumatra,
Java.

Var. Scortechinit Prain; leaflets 11-15 elliptic, beneath more close-
ly puberulous especially on midrib.

Penang; Ayer Htam, Curtis 1437! Manacca; Bijong, Scortechini
1830! Maingay 549! Srnearort; Bukit Timah, Ridley 6406! Disrrre.
Borneo.

These two plants differ in no way as regards flowers; the leaves however differ
considerably in appearance and it may ultimately be found that the second variety—_
of which the fruit is as yet unknown—should be known as a distinct species,
Dalbergia Scortechinii. The original specimens on which Mr. Bentham founded the

species were collected by Junghuhn in Sumatra and by Griffith in Malacca ; the
writer has not seen either. Mr. Bentham describes the ovary as glabrous in his

115

116 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

specimens, it is hairy in all the specimens above cited where there are flowers. The
most nearly related species are D. subsympathetica, which has much smaller leaflets
with rather larger flowers in more numerous less ample cymes; and D. sympathetica
which also has rather larger flowers and smaller leaflets. In D. sympathetica how-
ever the leaflets are more numerous and the pod though similar is more shortly
stalked.

Mr. Bentham, who had not seen fruit of this when he wrote, suggested that this
might prove to be the same as D. parviflora Roxb. One objection to this suggestion
is the very small number of leaflets described by Roxburgh; a still more fatal ob-
jection, however, is in the pod; this Roxburgh describes as falcate,—an indication
that D. parviflora should be sought for in § Selenolobiwm rather than in § Sissoa,

4. DALBERGIA SUBSYMPATHETICA Prain. A tall climber 60-80 feet
long, less often a scandent shrub or small tree 15-30 feet high, with
twining puberulous branches. Leaves 1*5—3 in. long, leaflets 9-15 oblong,
apex truncate or emarginate base wide-cuneate or rounded, green and
glabrous above, paler and pubescent with long adpressed hairs beneath,
‘25-4 in, long, ‘2-3 in. wide; rachis 1-2°5 in. long, densely puberulous
as are the petiolules ‘lin. long. Flowers minute secund, in small axil-
ary paniculate cymes, ‘75-1 in. across, as long as the leaves, peduncle
-5—-7 in., branches and pedicels pubescent; bracts minute caducous ;
bracteoles all persistent, one at base of short pedicel lanceolate, acumi-
nate, very minute, two at base of calyx ovate-obtuse embracing lower
fourth of calyx-tube. Calyz ‘1 in. campanulate, teeth short obtuse one-
third as long as tube, except the lower acute half as long as tube.
Corolla white, ‘2 in. long, claws of petals short. Stamens 9, monadel-
phous. Ovary glabrous except along anterior suture. Pod thin
membranous greenish glabrous, 2°5 in. long, 1 in. wide, 1-seeded; slight-
ly cunéate at base and distinctly stalked.

Penanc; Curtis 1492! Prax; Scortechint 201! 1071! Wray 2086!
3205! Kunstler 2354! 3562! 4978! 5182! -

Very near D. Junghuhnii and just possibly only a variety of that species; it is
however easily distinguished by its much smaller leaflets and its smaller, more
numerous cymes of rather larger but still very minute flowers.

5. Da.pBerGia vELUTINA Benth. Pl. Jungh. 255. <A long climber
with rusty densely pubescent branches. Leaves 6-8 in. long, leaflets
13-17, oblong obtuse or subacute membranous, 1°5—-2 in. long, ‘6-8 in.
wide, dark-green glabrescent to puberulous above, rusty-puberulous to
pubescent beneath, stipules large densely pubescent, rachis 5-6 in. long
puberulous or pubescent, as are the petiolules ‘l in. long. Flowers in
somewhat dense axillary panicles, with corymbose branches, 4 in. long
25 in. wide, the peduncles branches and pedicels densely pubescent, |
bracts rather large ovate and bracteoles narrowly lanceolate persistent

pubescent; the pair at base of calyx half as long as pedicel one-third as
116

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 117

long as calyx-tube. Calyx *15 in. long, pubescent, campanulate, teeth
acute upper shorter than lanceolate lower. Corolla white or pink, *25
in. long, claws of petals as long as calyx-tube. Stamens 9 monadel-
phous. Pod thin obtuse brownish, short-stalked, 1-seeded, 2-3 in. long,
‘6—'7 in. wide.

Var. typica; leaves beneath, leaf-rachis, linear-lanceolate stipules,
peduncles and bracts pale rusty- -velvety. D. velutina Benth. Journ.
Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 43; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, a8. D. stipulata
Wall. Cat. 5868. |

Mauacca; Maingay! Distris. Burma, Assam.

Var. Maingayi Prain ; leaves puberulous glaucescent beneath ; leaf-
rachis, ovate-acuminate stipules, peduncles and bracts very darkly rusty-
puberulous.

Matacca; Maingay 612! Sincapore; Ridley! Distr. Tenas-
serim (Griffith 1798); Malay Archipelago.

The only pods of true D. velutina at Calcutta are still unripe; the description
of the fruit is therefore taken from Mr. Baker’s account: to Mr. Bentham the fruit
was unknown.

Of var. Maingayi wiiiol, as a note made in Herb. Kew indicates, is at Kew
treated as a “‘less hairy variety” of D. velutina, the writer has seen no fruit. Not
improbably it may be found ultimately necessary to treat it as a distinct species to
be known as D. Maingayt.

6. DALBERGIA TAMARINDIFOLIA Roxb. Hort. Beng. 53. A shrubby
climber, 15-40 feet high with densely pubescent young branches.
Leaves 5-6 in. long, leaflets 25-41, thinly pubescent on both surfaces
rather paler beneath, crowded, trapezoid-oblong, ‘6-75 in. long, ‘3 in.
wide, moderately firm, caducous ; rachis densely puberulous 4°5-5°5 in.
long, petiolules very short ; stipules lanceolate densely puberulous ‘2 in.
long. lowers with the leaves, in congested sessile axillary panicles
with corymbose branches *5-2 in. long, ‘5-1 in. wide, peduncles, branches
and pedicels densely puberulous, bracts rather large ovate and bracteoles
persistent puberulous ; pedicels as long as calyx with solitary bracteole
as base and two rather large ovate close under calyx, the lower fourth
of which they embrace. Calyx campanulate, glabrescent (in Malayan
specimens), pale greenish-yellow, ‘15 in. long, teeth short obtuse. Corolla
white ‘35 in. long, claws of petals as long as calyx-tube. Stamens
usually 9, rarely 10, monadelphous. Ovary glabrous; ovules 2-3. Pod
thin greenish, drying bright-brown, glabrous, long-stalked, strap-shaped,
subacute ; 1—3-seeded; not veined nor thickened opposite the seeds,
15-3 in. long, 4-5 a Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 283 (in part only) ;
Wight, Icones, t. 242 (excluding fig. of fruit) ; Wall. Cat. 5870; Benth.
in Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 44; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 131; Bak.
in Flor, Brit. Ind. II, 284 D, rufa Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5864.

117

118 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

D. multijuga Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5865. D. livida Wall Cat. 5866.
D. Blumei Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 400.

ANDAMANS ; very common everywhere in the main group; Barren
Island, Prain! LancKawl; Curtis 2625! Perak; Scortechini 68! Wray
2387! Kunstler 3346! 5963! 6481! 8667! Prnanc; Wallich 5665!
Matacca; Maingay 602! Derry 1167! Disrris. Himalayas from Nepal
eastward; Indo-China; Malay Archipelago.

All the Perak and Malacca specimens agree exactly with D. multijuga Grah.,
and that in turn does not differ even as a variety from D. rufa Grah., with the type
of which Curtis’ Langkawi specimens and the Andaman form exactly coincide.
These two forms differ from the Upper Burma and Himalayan plant in having
fewer-fid., laxer panicles, with a glabrescent instead of adowny calyx. The pods are,
however, identical in both. It has been usual to quote Roxburgh without qualifica-
tion as the authority for this species, in spite of the fact that he has described as
belonging to it, the fruit that belongs to D. Millett. And it has been also usual to
cite Derris pinnata Lour. as this plant, overlooking the fact that Derris pinnata
has glabrous leaflets and, presumably, only monospermous pods. The writer has
not seen Loureiro’s original specimens; his description of D. pinnata, however,
certainly applies more aptly to D. Millettii than it does to D. tamarindifolia, which
moreover does not appear to have such a root as Loureiro describes. In any case
until specimens can be produced, D. pinnata should be treated as indetermin-
able.

7. DAaLBerGia PSEUDO-STssoo Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 128. A shrubby
climber 15-25 feet long with twining, glabrous branches, Leaves glab-
rous medium-green, 6 in. long, leaflets firm 1-5, oblong slightly narrowed
- from beyond the middle to the cuneate or rounded base, widely rounded
and abruptly cuspidate at apex, 2-4 in. long 1-2 in. wide, rachis 2-3
in., petiolules ‘25 in. long. flowers in lax axillary panicles with sub-
corymbose branches, 2°5-3°5 in. long and almost as broad, the branches
finely grey-downy ; pedicels ‘15 in. long with slender subulate bracteoles
under the calyx. Calyx campanulate ‘2 in. long, externally puberulous,
teeth widely triangular obtuse much shorter than the tube. Corolla -35
in. long, petals creamy-white with pink tips their claws as long as the
calyx. Stamens 9 monadelphous. Ovary long-stalked, densely pubes-
cent 1-, or often 2-ovuled, style slender incurved. Pod brownish, strap-
shaped, obtuse, 3—4 in. long, ‘5—65 in. wide, seed solitary. D. Championit
Thw. Enun Pl. Zeyl. 95; Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc, IV, Suppl. 39;
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. Il, 281. D. Sissoo Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 128
not of Roxb. ; :

Perak; Larut, Kunstler 3177! 3340! 3579! 4964! 6565! Scor-
techint 1348! Wray 2098! 2965! Prnane; Government Hill, Curtis!
Styearpore; Bukit Mandai and elsewhere, Hullett! Ridley! Disrrie.
Ceylon ; Malay Islands.

_ The doubt that has hung over the identity of this species has at length been
118

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 149

cleared up through the kindness of Dr. J. V. Suringar. Both Mr. Bentham and
Mr. Baker have suggested that it may be the same as D. pseudo-sissoo Mig. and in
response to a request made by Dr. King that some Malayan specimens from Calcutta,
which are undoubtedly conspecific with the Ceylon plant, might be compared with
the Miquelian types at Leiden, Dr. Suringar has not only made the necessary com-
parisons but has sent to Calcutta examples of some of the authentic specimens and
very careful drawings of others, These leave no doubt whatever as to the identity
of the two plants named D. pseudo-sissoo and D, Championii. One curious feature
has been noticed in this examination by Dr. Suringar and by the writer. In Ceylon
(as Mr. Bentham found) and in Penang the ovaries appear to be always 1-ovuled;
in Perak, Singapore and Borneo they are oftener 2-ovuled than 1-ovuled in the
proportion of 7 to 3; in Java they are nearly always 2-ovuled, nine ovaries having
2 ovules for one ovary with 1 ovule. A still more interesting discovery made by Dr.
Suringar is that D. Sissoo Miq. is not D. Sissoo. Roxb. (this no one who considers
what the native habitat of D. Sissoo is, will be surprised to learn), but that itis (what
was hardly to be expected) Dr. Miquel’s own D. pseudo-sissoo. Dr. Suringar, in con-
firmation of his discovery, has sent to Calcutta an authentic specimen of D. Sissoo
Mig. in Herb. Leiden (not of Roxb.). This then explains the “unfortunate selec-
tion”? of name that Mr. Bentham very justly comments upon. Dr. Suringar,
sharing Mr. Bentham’s feeling, suggests that in view of this extraordinary confusion
it would be better to drop Miquel’s name altogether; and the writer would very
gladly have adopted the suggestion and continued to use Dr. Thwaites’ name D.
Championii, had the dictates of common-sense been of any weight in modern nomen-
clature. But unfortunately there is now no doubt that the plant named D. pseudo-
sissoo by Miquel is the same as that named D. Championii by Thwaites; it cannot be
gainsaid that so far as it goes, the description of D. pseudo-sissoo applies to the
species ; and it isclear that the name D. pseudo-sissoo has nine years’ priority over the
name D. Championii. This being so, Miquel’s name may just as well be given prece-
dence now, seeing that one or other of the bibliographers who pose as botanists
would make the alteration so soon as this note appears, in spite of the fact that
Miquel did not recognise his own species when he saw it.

8. Davpercia Hoiierti Prain. A small tree with blackish
rugose rusty-puberulous thickish branchlets, without leaves at time of
flowering. Flowers in short, clustered racemes, I-1°5 in. long, springing
from tufts of triangular rusty-pubescent small bracts in axils of old
leaves; lowest pedicels longer than the rest, slender, *3 in. long, rusty-
pubescent as are the peduncles; bracteoles at base of pedicels solitary
ovate-lanceolate ‘lL in. long persistent, the pair below calyx subulate
very small. Caly# campanulate, densely rusty-tomentose ‘15 in. long,
teeth half as long as tube, acute. Corolla ‘3 in. long, claws of petals as
long as calyx-tube. Stamens 9, rarely 10, monadelphous. Ovary with
densely pubescent stalk; ovule solitary. Pod unknown.

SINGAPORE ; Hullett 626!.

A very distinct species, only once reported. It is nearest to a Bornean tree
apparently as yet undescribed (Haviland n. 2894); the only difference between the
flowers of the two is that in the Bornean plant the ovary is densely woolly ; in this
the ovary is quite glabrous though its stalk is pubescent. The Bornean plant has

119

120 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

leaves with solitary or trifoliolate leaflets; when trifoliolate the lateral leaflets are
subopposite. It thus approaches most nearly to D. pseudo-sissoo which also has
flowers similar to those of D. Hullettii and of Haviland’s species from Borneo.

§ 3. SeLenotosium. Pod thickened throughout upper suture, re-

curved at least while young.

9. Dapercia Torta Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5873. An unarmed
littoral climber with twining glabrescent branches often twisted into
spiral hooks. Leaves 3 in. long, leaflets 5 (very rarely 7 or 3), obovate-
oblong obtuse sometimes emarginate, dark-green and glabrous above
paler and sparingly adpressed-puberulous beneath, ‘6-8 in. long, -4—6
in. wide; rachis 2 in. long glabrous as are the petiolules ‘1 in. long.
Flowers in sessile congested axillary panicles, 1-2 in. long, with very
slightly puberulous branches, bracts small ovate-lanceolate persistent ;
pedicels very short with a small ovate-lanceolate bracteole at the base
and with two larger ovate bracteoles under the calyx embracing lower
third of its tube. Calyx glabrescent, wide-campanulate, ‘15 in. long,
teeth short, wide-triangular, obtuse. Corolla white, *25 in. long, claws
of petals as long as calyx-tube. Stamens 10 monadelphous. Pod brown
flat glabrous, ‘9 in. long, ‘6 in. wide, upper suture recurved, rather
thick-walled throughout, 1-seeded; stalk as long as calyx. D. monos-
perma Dalz. in Hook. Journ. Bot. II, 36; Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc.
IV, Suppl. 48; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 182; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind.
IT, 237.

ANDAMANS: very common on all the coasts of the main group;
Narcondam, Prain! Prnane; Wallich 5873! Curtis 220! LanaKawi;
Curtis 2868! Perak; coast at Matong, Scortechint 1099! Wray 2502!
Manacca; at Tanjong Kling, Ridley 3312! Stncapore; growing in salt
water, Kunstler 66! Krangi, Ridley 5576! T. Anderson! Kurz! Distr1.
Western coasts of India; Sundribuns; Burma; Borneo; New Guinea;
China. e

A purely littoral species. The citation of Wall. Cat. 5879 by Dr. Miquel and
Mr. Baker for this species is due to their having copied the statement from
Mr. Bentham. By an uncorrected printer’s error Mr. Bentham is made in the des-
cription to quote this number, though in the notice of localities the number 5873
is correctly given.

10. DALBERGIA MENOEIDES Prain. An unarmed climber with
glabrous, twining, hooked branches. Leaves 5 in. long, leaflets 3, ovate
lanceolate tapering to both ends, dark-green and glabrous above, paler
and sparsely adpressed-puberulous beneath, 3-3°5 in. long, 1-1°5 in.
wide; rachis 15 in. long, glabrous, petiolules ‘08 in. puberulous.
Flowers very few, sessile, clustered at tips of short puberulous axillary
peduncles ‘15-25 in. long, each with two ovate bracteoles embracing
lower fourth of calyx-tube. Calyx campanulate, externally sparingly

120

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 121

puberulous °15 in. long, teeth short subequal obtuse. Corolla ‘35 in.
long, claws of petals as long as calyx-tube. Stamens 10 monadelphous.
Ovary glabrous, ovule solitary. Pod greenish, semilunar, flat, glabrous,
firm, reticulated throughout, upper suture recurved, 1°5 in. long, ‘75 in.
wide; l-seeded; tip acute, stalk rather longer than calyx.

Perak; Krian, Scortechini 1392 !

A very distinct species with leaflets somewhat resembling those of D,
pseudo-sissoo. :

11. Datpercta Konstiert Prain. An extensive climber 40-150
feet long with stem 3-6 in. in diam, and pubescent young branches.
Leaves 10-12 in. long, leaflets 7-9, the lateral ones subopposed, dark-
green quite glabrous above, dark-grey when young densely pubescent
when old sparsely puberulous beneath, rigidly coriaceous, elliptic-acumi-
nate, 4-6 in. long, 2 in. wide, with very prominent midrib and 8-9 pairs
of spreading lateral veins beneath, secondary venation also distinct,
rachis 8 in, long, petiolules “3 in. long at first densely pubescent ultimately
glabrescent. lowers in axillary panicles 4-6 in. long with spreading
rusty-puberulous branches, bracts and bracteoles deciduous, pedicels
under ‘lin. Calyz ‘15 in., teeth lanceolate except the upper, the lowest
twice as long as the tube. Corolla dark-blue, ‘35 in. long, standard

orbicular emarginate. Stamens monadelphous. Ovary pubescent. Pod
} finely puberulous, rigid, much thickened throughout, 1-2-seeded, 1:5-2°5
in. long, ‘9 in. wide, 3 in. thick, short-stalked, dark-brown to almost
black when ripe, with grey lines alongside the sutures.

PERAK; Goping, Kunstler 4736! Kinta, Kunstler 7067 !

A very fine species nearest to D. reniformis; it differs in being a climber
whereas that species is a tree; in having blue flowers whereas that species has them
white; in having larger and thicker leaves and larger pods. The pod is quite
indehiscent but as the seed matures the epicarp cracks alongside both sutures so
that, when quite ripe, the pod, as Kunstler remarks in a field note, shows a “ grey
seam” due to the exposure of the mesocarp along two lines parallel to each suture.
Sometimes the pod consists of but one reniform segment witha solitary seed ; usually
however there are two segments though the seed inside the distal segment rarely
ooreneo. Ny Sai this happens the oe does not give way, and there is then no

*‘ grey seam” along the suture.

12. Dasercia PARVIFLORA Roxb. Hort. Beng. 98. A strong clim-
ber 30-80 feet long with glabrous branches. Leaves 6-8 in. long, leaflets
5-9, ovate-lanceolate with obtuse slightly emarginate tips, light-green
quite glabrous on both surfaces, finely reticulately veined beneath, 2-3°5
in. long *75-1'5 in. wide; rachis 2-3 in. and petiolules ‘15 in. eas glab-
rous. lowers very small in axillary and terminal panicles of congested
dichotomous cymes with puberulous branches; bracts rounded ciliate
deciduous ; bracteoles.at base of very short pedicels rounded persistent,

121

122 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

the pair at base of calyx oblong ciliate embracing lower half of tnbe.
Calyx ‘08 in., campanulate, teeth obtuse upper two connate, lower three
subequal all as longas tube. Corolla white, ‘15 in. long, claws of petals
short. Stamens 10, monadelphous. Ovary glabrous. Pod turgid 1—3-
seeded ; ‘75-2 in. long, ‘6 in. wide, when young falecate along upper,
when ripe convex along both sutures, when 2- or 3-seeded torulose
between the seeds. Flor. Ind. III, 225; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 132;
Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 33. D. Cumingiana Benth. PI.
Jungh. 255; Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 32; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I,
129. D. Zollingeriana Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 180. Drepanocarpus
Oumingit Kurz, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLV, pt. 2. 282.

Anpamans; Helfer 1808! Dinpines; Curtis! Panana; Ridley 1374!
2639! Perak; Matang Jambu, Wray 2525! Goping, Kunstler 1423!
5973! 6151! Scortechini! Disrrre. Malay Archipelago.

Regarding this plant Mr. Hemsley has noted ‘/—“ This agrees with Kew speci-
“ mens of D. reniformis Roxb.” This species, however, is a climber whereas D. renifor-
mis is a tree ; Roxburgh’s D. reniformis has moreover much larger flowers and, as
in D. Kunstleri, the fruits of D. reniformis remain falcate along the upper suture
even when ripe.

That this is D. parviflora Roxb. hardly admits of a doubt. Mr. Bentham
and Mr. Baker have, indeed, suggested that D. parviflora may be the same as D.
Junghuhnii ; in spite of the very great authority of these authors this suggestion
must be abandoned as untenable. The number and, still more, shape of the
leaflets make the identification impossible; moreover, Roxburgh’s account of the pod
shows that his species must be, as Miqnel admits, a Selenolobiwm and not as Bentham
and Baker suppose, a Sissoa. Roxburgh’s description is meagre in the extreme;
but since D. Cumingiana provides a species that exhibits all the characters of D.
parviflora and as no other Malayan species of Dalbergia hitherto found does so, it
seems imperative to use Roxburgh’s name for the species.

A more interesting question regarding this plant is, however, its supposed
identity with Rumphius’ Lacca lignwim (Herb. Amboin. V, 17. t. 18). So far ag
Calcutta specimens go the only authority for the belief is the existence of a speci-
men from Halmaheira (Teysmann n. 5668) on which Mr. Teysmann has written
“Kayoe lakka’” and another from Tarabangie, Lampongs, Sumatra (Hort. Bogor n.
444.) also collected by Mr. Teysmann and also marked “ Kayoe lakka.” It is re-
markable that our other Sumatra specimens, collected on the R. Rawas by Dr.
H. O. Forbes (Forbes n. 3216), have no note to this effect, and just as remarkable
that collectors so careful as Mr. Ridley, Fr. Scortechini, Herr Kunstler and Mr.
Wray, who have sent us numerous specimens of the same species, should have made
no note regarding it. Their silence renders the matter doubtful, and appears to
afford good ground for Dr. Kuntze’s refusal (Rev. Gen. Plant. I, 158) to accept the
identification proposed by Teysmann and adopted by Hasskarl (Newe Schluessel zw
Rumph. p. 90). As Kuntze justly remarks, the meagre account of the flower given
by Rumphius does not fit the present species since Ramphius says it has two
petals, and though the general habit agrees that alone hardly suffices for identifica-
tion. The calyx of the only open flower in the figure quite accords with the calyx

122

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 123

of our plant and the fruit also quite agrees. But the uppermost branchlets are
shown as curved and twisted like those of D. torta while those lower down are
figured as passing into spines like those of D. spinosa, two species that, though they
belong to the same section of Dalbergia, are nevertheless very different from D.
parviflora. None of our very numerous specimens show either hooks or spines, nor
have any of the field-notes that accompany the specimens a reference to spines on
the stem.

In the Herbarium of the Penang Forest Department, kindly lent by Mr. Curtis,
there is however a specimen from Lumot in the Dindings, to which the native name
*Kayu Laha” is attached along with the further note, “climber; wood valuable,
used as incense.” This specimen, from a widely remote locality, thus bears a note
made without reference to the controversy that has arisen regarding Kayoe lakka
but that entirely confirms the notes of Mr. Teysmann, who was, it may be remarked,
one of the most careful collectors that has ever worked in Malaya. The existence
of this specimen therefore re-opens the whole question, which may be commended to
Malayan field-botanists as one worthy of attention and solution. To judge from
Rumphius’ account there were, in his time, three if not four species included under
the name Caju Lacca and of one, at least, of these he says that it had no spines, only
thickened nodes instead. It seems quite certain that D. parviflora must have been
one of the four. But whether his figure is meant to represent it or has been made
to include some of the characters of the others as well, can only be known when
all four are completely understood.

81. Prerocarrus Linn.

Erect trees. Leaves with alternate coriaceous exstipellate leaflets.
Flowers yellowish, in copious panicled racemes; bracts and bracteoles
minute, caducous; pedicels distinctly articulated at the apex. Calyx
turbinate, curved before expansion, the teeth short. Petals exserted,
with long claws ; standard and wings crisped; keel obtuse, the petals
scarcely or not at all coherent. Staminal sheath slit both above and
below, or above only; the upper stamen often nearly or quite free ;
anthers versatile. Ovary stalked, 2-ovuled; style incurved, stigma
terminal. Pod orbicular, rarely other than 1-seeded, with a broad rigid
wing, the point turned down to opposite the base or near it. Species
about 15; cosmopolitan in the Tropics.

Leaflets finely veined throughout, pedicels slender longer

than the calyx, beak of pod distinctly raised Ey the .

outer base ... awe a: , 2. Pine

Leaflets with 5-7 pairs of distinctly raised veins beneath,

pedicels stoutish shorter than the calyx, beak of pod
hardly raised beyond the outer base ail Se ee dalbergioides.

1. Prerocarpus inpicus Willd. Sp. PL. III, 904. A tree 30-40
feet high with widely spreading branches drooping at the end. Leaves
8-10 in. long, leaflets 5-9 moderately firm, 2-4 in. long 1°5-2 in. wide,
the terminal rather larger than the others, the rachis usually faintly
prolonged, all ovate with rounded rarely deltoid base and rounded

om 123

124 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

abruptly acuminate apex, glabrous on both surfaces, dark-green, mar-
gins entire but distinctly undulate, uniformly finely veined throughout,
stipules lanceolate *5 in. long early caducous, petiolules *25 in., glabrous
as is the leaf-rachis. Flowers in copious terminal and axillary panicles,
rachis and pedicels glabrescent, pedicels ‘3 in. long, very slender, with
2 linear caducous bracteoles ‘1 in. long, half as long as bud, at apex.
Calyx ‘25 in. long, finely brown-silky, teeth rounded the two uppermost
exceeding the others. Corolla yellow, ‘6 in. long, standard ‘5 in. across.
Pod orbicular, with stalk *3 in. long, 1:75-2°25 in. in diameter, uniformly
sparsely adpressed-pubescent with silky hairs, rather distinctly anasto-
motically 2-3-veined opposite the seed, the style usually a considerable
distance (65°-100°) above the base, pointing outwards at right angles to
the stalk. Roxb. Hort. Beng. 53; DC. Prodr. II, 419; Roxb. Flor, Ind.
III, 238; Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 77 (an part only) ;
Migq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 185; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 288 (in part
only). P. Draco Lamk. Il t. 602,f. 2, 6b (not a). P. dalbergioides Wall.

Cat. 5343 (letter G only) not of Roxb. P. Zollingeri Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat..

1,186. P. obtusatus Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 136. P. saxatilis Bl. MSS.
in Hort. Bogor. Lingoum saxatile Rumph. Herb. Amboin. II, t. 70.

Penance; Wallich 8843G! Matuacca; Griffith ! Maingay 550!
Perak; Kunstler 1518! 8713! Scortechint 503! Wray 2003! 2280!
Distris. Northwards throughout Tenasserim to Martaban ; southwards
to Sumatra and Java.

A fine tree often confused with the next species from which it is, however,
very distinct in foliage and somewhat different in habit.

2, PYreROCARPUS DALBERGIOIDES Roxb. Hort. Beng. 58, A tree
60-80 feet high with ascending branches, spreading at the end. Leaves
8-10 in. long, leaflets 5-9, firm, 2-4 in. long 1-1°5 in. wide the terminal
rather larger than the others, ovate-lanceolate with deltoid rarely round-
ed base and gradually narrowing to apex, glabrous on both surfaces,
_ pale-green, margins entire hardly undulate, with 5-7 pairs of distinctly

raised veins beneath, stipules lanceolate ‘5 in. long, early caducous,

petiolules ‘15 in. long glabrous as is the leaf-rachis. Flowers iu copious
terminal and axillary panicles, rachis and pedicels finely brown-pubes-
cent, pedicels *2 in. long stoutish with 2 very shortly ovate caducous
bracteoles under ‘05 in. long, less than 1 as long as bud, at apex. Calyx
°25 in. long, densely brown silky, teeth rounded the two uppermost
exceeding the others. Corolla yellow ‘4 in. long, standard ‘35 in. across.
Pod orbicular, with stalk ‘6 in, long, 2—2°25 in. in diameter, uniformly
very finely puberulous and not veined opposite the seed, the style usually
a short distance (40°-50°) above the base, pointing slightly downwards.
DC. Prodr. II, 418: Roxb. Flor, Ind. III, 286; W. & A, Prodr. 267
124

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 125

Wall. Cat. 5843 (excluding G and, according to W. & A., also excluding
D). P. indicus Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, Suppl. 7.7, in part;
Bedd. Fl. Sylvat. t. 23; Bak. in Flor. Brit, Ind. II, 238 in part, not of
Willd.

ANDAMANS ; common.

This tree is usually treated as a form of the preceding species, and it has been
the fashion to say that the two are not distinguishable by ‘botanical’ characters.
As they grow it would be very hard to mistake them, and when have been

carefully examined it becomes difficult to realize that, even in the herbarium, they
should ever have been confounded.

32. Aracuis Linn.

Annual herbs. Leaves abruptly pinnate, leaflets few; stipules
elongated adnate to the petiole. Calyx long-tubular simulating a
pedicel, 2-lipped; the upper lip 4-toothed the lower long slender.
Corolla resupinate. Stamens (sometimes ouly 9) united in a tube in-
serted with the petals on calyx limb; staminal tube grooved on vexillary
side but not split; anthers dimorphic alternately on short filaments
versatile and on longer subbasifixed. Ovary at first short-stalked, at
base of calyx-tube, the stalk soon elongating; style filiform, bearded
above ; stigma minute. Pod long-stalked ovate-oblong, obtuse at both
ends, gibbous, torulose, reticulated, coriaceous, indeliscent, 2—4-seeded.
Seeds fleshy, oily. Species 7; six in Brazil, 1 widely cultivated in the
tropics. ' 7

ARACHIS HYPOGHA Linn. Sp. Pl. 74. An’annual diffuse herb, stems
grooved and angled 6-20 in. high, often much branched near base;
stems and branches clothed with longish spreading hairs. Leaf-rachis
pubescent 2-4 in. long; leaflets exstipellate in 2 opposite pairs, ovate-
oblong obtuse with rounded base, 1-1'5 in. long, ‘6-1 in. wide, green and
glabrous above, pale and sparsely clothed with spreading hairs beneath ;
stipules narrow lanceolate 1 in. long, ‘15 in. wide, upper half free.
Flowers 2-7, in leaf-axils along the stem. Calyz-lips ‘25 in. long, the
lower linear the upper 15 in. wide. Corolla ‘4 in. long, pale-yellow or
white; standard suborbicular, glabrous, keel beaked. Pod carried under-
ground by the elongating pedicel, where it ripens; 1—-1*25 in. long, ‘5
in. across; 2~3-seeded. DC. Prodr. II, 474; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 218.

SINGAPORE ; cultivated, Anderson!’ Penanc; cultivated, Curtis !

The “ Ground-Nut,” commonly cultivated in India and Malaya, Deppeely origi-
nally introduced into the old world from Brazil.

53. Zornia Gmel.
Annuals, with large geminate coriaceous bracts and dotted leaflets
in 1-2 opposite pairs. Fluwers in lax racemes. Culyx minute; upper
125 |

126 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

teeth short, connate ; lowest shorter than the two middle ones. Corolla
much exserted; standard broad; keel incurved, acute. “Stamens mona-
delphous; anthers dimorphous. Ovary sessile, many-ovuled; style
filiform, incurved, stigma minute capitate. Pod of several small round
flattened finely muricated 1-seeded indehiscent joints. Species 10, all
but two American.

ZORNIA DIPHYLLA Pers. Synops. IJ, 518. A diffuse annual with
slender zigzag wiry branches reaching 11-15 in. in length, glabrous or
sparingly puberulous. Leaf-rachis ‘25 in. long, puberulous, channelled
above; leaflets in one terminal pair, oblong or demeadlets (lanceolate i in
Malayan specimens), ‘5 in. long, ‘12 in. wide, glabrous, conspicuously
dotted; stipules lanceolate with a long spur. Racemes laxly 3-12-fid.,

J-3 in. long; bracts also dotted, ovate-acute, almost concealing Abwens
and fruits. Calis minute. Corolla slightly exserted. Pods 1—6-joiuted ;
joints -08 in. long, pubescent, and irregularly sprinkled with harsh
prickles. Benth. in Mart. Flor. Bras. XV, 80, t, 21, 22; Bak. in Flor.
Brit. Ind. IT, 147. Zornia angustifolia Smith in Rees Cyclop. n. 1; DC.
Prodr. II, 316; Wall. Cat. 5660; Mig, Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 278. Z, dictyo-
carpa DC. Prodr. II, 327. Z. gibbosa Span. Linnea XV, 191. Z,
graminea Span. Linnea XV, 192. Hedysarum diphyllum Linn, Sp. PI.
747; Roxb. Flor. Ind. ITT, 353.

Stncapore; Changi, Ridley 4672! Distr1s. Cosmopolitan in the
tropics.

34, Smiruia Ait.

Herbs or undershrubs. Leaflets many small sensitive, opposite, leaf-
rachis ending ina bristle; stipules scariose with large auricles. Flowers
racemose or axillary. Calyx deeply 2-lipped, the lips usually entire.
Corolla exserted; standard orbicular; keel incurved obtuse. Stamens
in two bundles of 5 each; anthers uniform. Ovary linear, many-ovuled ;

style incurved, filiform, stigma minute capitate. Pod of many or few

small flattened or turgid joints, folded together inside the calyx. Species
20-80, throughout tropics of the Hastern Hemisphere.

SmirHia sensitiva Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. I, III, 496. A diffuse
spreading annual with slender glabrous much branched stems 1-3 feet
long, only 12 in. thick at base. Leaf-rachis *5- 1 in. .long sparsely be-
set with long whitish bristles; leaflets 3-10 pairs, ‘25-4 in. long, oblong
obtuse, sparsely bristly on the almost straight margins and on the mid-

rib beneath. Racemes simple 1—6-fld., in axils of upper leaves on pedun- —

cles ‘3 in. long, pedicels slender bracteolate *15 in. long or less, ascend-

ing; bracteoles small ovate-acute scarious. Calya *25—3 in. long, lips

subequal, entire, acute, mate: a few scattered subadpressed pale-yellow
126

~ ruth

tnd Be og
P| |e

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 127

bristles. Corolla yellow, glabrous, ‘4 in. long. Pod 4.-6-jointed ; faces
densely papillose. DC. Prodr. II, 325; Roxb. Hort. Beng, 56; Flor.
Ind. ITI, 342; Salisb. Paradis. t. 92; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. 1, 272; Bak.
in Flor. Brit. Ind. 148. 8S. abyssinica Hochst. in. Schimp. Pl. Abyssin.

ANDAMANS; @ common weed throughout the settlement at Port
Blair. Nicopars; Kamorta, Kurz! Disrris. Africa; 8.-H. Asia.

Not seen from the other provinces; probably a recent introduction from India.
From Java comes a very closely allied plant (S. javanica Miq.) which differs mainly
in having no bristles on the calyx; this may be no more than a form of the Indian
and African S, sensitiva: all the specimens reported are, however, very uniform.

35, Ormocarpom Beauv.

Shrubs. Leaves with odd-pinnate exstipellate leaflets and persistent
striated stipules and bracts. lowers in lax racemes. Calyx-tube cam-
panulate ; 2 upper teeth deltoid ; 3 lower lanceolate. Standard broad ;
keel much incurved, not at all beaked. Stamens in two bundles of 5
each; anthers uniform. Ovary linear, few-ovuled; style filiform, in-
flexed, stigma minute terminal. Pod of a few indehiscent turgid linear
or oblong joints, the lower seedless, the faces rugose, naked or muricated
with weak gland-tipped prikles, Species 6, spread all round the world
in the tropics.

OrmocaReuM GLABRUM Teysm. & Binnend. Nat. Tijd. Ned. Ind.
XXVIII, 56. A small tree 12-14 feet high, with smooth angular
branches ; epidermis desquamating. Leaves 6in. long, leaflets 1 in. long,
‘4,in. wide, terminal and 8-9 alternate lateral elliptic obtuse mucronate,
glabrous, glaucescent beneath; rachis subtrigonous, glabrous, thickened
at base; stipules subulate erect. Racemes corymbose, on short peduncles
12 in. long; individual flowers on slender pedicels ‘5 in. long, 2-bracteo-
late above the middle. Calyx °25 in. long, green, campanulate, unequally
5-toothed, glabrous externally ; teeth oblong, acute. Corolla much exsert-
‘ed, yellow, purple-veined; standard saborbicular retuse. Ovary long-
stipitate, glabrous. Pod 6—7-jointed, ultimately becoming blackish, 5-6
in. long; individual joints ‘75-1 in. long, externally marked with 6-8
longitudinal more or less parallel ridges, |

ANDAMANS; very common in thickets near Port Blair; no doubt
introduced. Drisrrip. Malay Archipelago.

_, This has the general habit of the common Indian O. sennoides, of which it is

perhaps only a cultivated form; its pods, however, are much longer and are never
muricated. ‘The original description, it should be noted, was made from specimens
cultivated at Buitenzorg.

36. AiscHYNOMENE Linn.

Erect herbs or undershrubs. Leaves with very numerous close
| . 127

128 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

sensitive odd-pinnate small linear leaflets. lowers in sparse racemes.
Calyz deeply 2-lipped, the lips faintly toothed. Corolla fugacious ;
standard orbicular; keel not beaked. Stamens in two bundles of 5 each ;
anthers uniform. Ovary stalked, linear, many-ovuled; style filiform,
incurved, stigma terminal. Pod linear, with a stalk longer than the
calyx, and 4-8 flattened l-seeded separating joints. Species about 30,
spread everywhere in the tropics.

Stems woody, slender, much-branched ; calyx and corolla small

glabrous; pods narrow, smooth ate .. Ll. 4, indica,

Stems pith-like, stout, little-branched; calyx aa large corolla

hispid; pods broad, warted ‘ .. 2, Ai, aspera.

1. AlscHYNOMENE INDICA Linn. Bi se 713. A slender, much branch-
ed annual undershrub, stems 1-3 feet high under ‘15 in. in diam. at base ;
everywhere glabrous, pale-green; branches slender twiggy terete.
Leaf-rachis 2-3 in. long; leaflets close, terminal and in 20-30 opposite
pairs, linear, obtuse, l-nerved, ‘2 in. long; stipules ‘lanceolate, ‘3 in.
long, membranous, deciduous, witha large auricle. Racemes axillary 1-4-
fid.; peduncles 1 in. and pedicels “3 in., usually viscid; bracteoles small
subulate glandular. Calyx ‘2 in., glabrous, teeth unequal the two upper
subconnate, persistent, withering. Corolla pale-yellow, tinged with pink
or orange, ‘45 in. long, glabrous, fugacious, standard orbicular emarginate.
Stigma capitate. Pod 1-1'5 in. long, straight or at times. slightly
curved, upper suture even, lower indented between the 8-10 separating
smooth or faintly papillose joints "12-15 in. broad. DC. Prodr. I, 320;
Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 274; Bak. in Flor, Brit. Ind. I, 151. 4.
pumila Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. II, 1061; DC. Prodr. Il, 321. A. aspera
Wall. Cat. 5666 not of Linn. 4. diffusa Willd. Sp. Pl. III, 1164; DC.
Prodr. II. 321; Wall. Cat. 5565. 4. viscidula Willd. Enum. 776. 4,
Roxburghti Spreng. Syst. ILI, 322. Smithia aspera Roxb. Hort. Beng.
56; Flor. Ind. III, 343. Hedysarum Neli-Tali Roxb. Hort. Beng. 57;
Flor. Ind. III, 365.

Aypamans; Port Mouat, plentiful. Prov. WELLEsLEY ; Ridley 8009!
Distris. Tropics generally.

2. AsCHYNOMENE ASPERA Linn. Sp. Pl. 713. A tall erect swamp-
shrub reaching 10-12 feet in height, stems 3 in. or more in diam.,
externally glabrous, internally full of soft white pith; branches few or
none. Leaf-rachis 3-6 in. long; leaflets terminal and in 30-50 opposite
pairs, linear, obtuse, l-nerved, ‘5 in. long; stipules lanceolate ‘5 in. long,
auricled, deciduous. Racemes axillary corymbosely 2—4-fid.; peduncles
1 in. and pedicels ‘4 in. clothed with spreading bristles; bracteoles
small ovate deciduous. Calyx ‘4 in., hispidly hairy, unequally 5-toothed,
the two upper teeth subconnate. Corolla ‘75 in. yellow, fugacious,

standard orbicular. Pod 2-2°5 in. long, ‘5 in. across, often indented on
128

Materials fora Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 129

both the echinulate sutures, always along the lower, between the 4-8
separating joints which are usually echinulate on the face, rarel y smooth.
DC. Prodr. II, 320; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 275; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. II, 152.. 4. indica Wall. Cat. 5667 not of Linn. ZZ. trachyloba
Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 276. 4. indica var. aspera Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar.
340. Hedysarum lagenarium Roxb. Hort. Beng. 57; Flor. Ind. III, 365.

Matacca; Grigith! Distr. Tropical S.-E. Asiaand Tropical Africa.

This is the well-known “Sola” plant, the pith of which is used in making

sun-hats, fishermen’s floats and other articles where great lightness is desirable.
Doubtless it is an introduced plant in Malacca.

37. Puybtacium Benn.

Climbing herbs. ‘ Leaves 3-foliolate ; stipules persistent small linear
or lanceolate, leaflets stipellate. Flowers in axillary racemes shortly
pedicelled, 2-bracteolate near the calyx, completely enveloped, as ulti-
mately is the legume, in a large boat-shaped membranous accrescent
bract. Calyx tubular, sub-2-labiate, 4-toothed. Standard ovate, apex
retuse base 2-auriculate; wings oblong, long-spurred, spurs incurved
clasped by the auricles of the standard; keel straight obtuse shortly
spurred. Siamens diadelphous, posterior filament adnate to base of
standard-claw. Ovary short-stalked, its base surrounded by a shallow
disc; ovule solitary; style inflexed. Pod short-stalked ovate-rotund,
acute. Species 2, the present and another which is Indo-Chinese.

Pauynacrum sracreosum Benn, Pl. Jav. Rar. 159 t,33. A slender
climber 20-30 feet long, young parts and leaves beneath sparingly ad-
pressed-hirsute. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate ; leaflets ovate-oblong base
rounded apex obtuse, thinly herbaceous, green on both surfaces, glabrous
above, sparingly hirsute beneath, 2-3 in. long, 1°5 in. wide; petioles
glabrescent 1°5 in. long, stipules and stipels linear, persistent. Racemes
axillary 2-10 together, 15-2 in. long, shorter than the leaves, flowers
fasciculate few. Bracts pale-green, 1-1‘5 in. long, externally glabrous,
sparing hirsute within. Calyx ‘15 in. long, externally sparingly hirsute,
upper lip entire ovate, lower 3-lobed, lobes lanceolate the central rather
the larger, none overlapping. Corolla ‘3 in. long, white with a pink
tinge, glabrous. Pod ‘25 in. long, compressed, sparing hirsute, reticu-
late. Benth. Pl. Jungh. I, 231; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 228. .

Perak; near Gunong Porido) in open jungle, 200-300 feet elev.,
Kunstler 8367 ! ! Distris. Sumatra and Java to the Philippines.

: 38. URaria Desv. :

Suffruticose perennials. Leaves stipellate, with 1 to 9 leaflets.
Flowers very numerous, minute, racemose. Calya-tube very short ; two
129

130 Materials for « Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

upper teeth short; three lower usually elongated, setaceous. Standard
broad; wings adhering to the obtuse keel. Stamens diadelphous ;
anthers uniform. Ovary sessile or short-stalked, few-ovuled; style
inflexed filiform, stigma terminal. Pod of 2-6 small turgid 1-seeded
indehiscent joints, often placed face to face. Species 15, S.-H. Asiatic.

Stems ereet, heads long cylindric; upper leaves 5—9-foliolate,

leaflets much longer than broad :—

Leaflets narrowly lanceolate, clouded above, pedicels clothed

with short bristles, joints of pod polished glabrous as, ke picta.
Leaflets oblong, green above, pedicels clothed with long
bristles, joints of pod dull puberulous sia . 2. Uc ermata:
Stems trailing heads short oblong; leaves 1-foliolate and 3-
foliolate intermixed, leaflets not much longer than broad ... 8. U. lagopoides.

1. Uraria picta Desv. Journ. Bot. I, 123 t. 5 £. 19. An erect
little-branehed suffruticose perennial 3-6 feet high, with stout finely
downy stems ‘o in. or more in diam. at base. Leuves 10-12 in. long,
rachis finely downy; leaflets terminal and in 2-4 opposite pairs, linear-
lanceolate, rigidly subcoriaceous, glabrous clouded with white above,
finely reticulate veined and minutely pubescent beneath, 4-8 in. long
3-6 in. wide; petiole 2—2°5 in. long, stipules lanceolate long-acuminate
from a broad base ‘5 in. long with parallel veins, stipels subulate ‘2 in.
long; the lowest leaves simple or 3-foliolate, round or oblong. Racemes
in dense cylindric heads 6-12 in. long, ‘65—-75 in. broad; bracts brown
scariose deciduous, upper lanceolate lower ovate-acuminate; pedicels
-25—35 in. long, covered with short bristles, abruptly ineurved at the tip
after flowering. Calyx ‘2 in. long. Corolla purple, exserted, ‘3 in. long
Pod glabrous, pale lead-coloured, joints 3-6, smooth polished, ‘13 in.
Jong ‘1 in. wide, compressed. DC. Prodr. II, 324; Wall. Cat. 5674;
Migq. Flor. Ind. Bat. 1, 267; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 155. U. linearis
Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 349. Hedysarum pictum Jacq. Ic. t. 567; Roxb.
Hort. Beng. 57. Doodia picta Roxb. Flor. Ind. IIT, 368.

Perak; Scortechini! Prov. WreLitestey; Ridley 6958! Nucopars ;
Kamorta, Kurz! Dusrris. India; Indo-China; Malay Islands.

2. UrariA crinirA Desv. Journ. Bot. I, 123. An ereet little-
branched perennial 3-8 feet high, with stout finely downy stems °75 in.
or more in diam. at base. Leaves 8-15 in. long, rachis sparingly puber-
ulous, leaflets terminal and in 2-3 opposite pairs, ovate-oblong acute,
subcoriaceous, glabrous, green above, finely reticulate-veined and minnte-
ly tomentose beneath, 3-4 in. long, 1-15 in. wide, base rounded; petiole
3-4 in. long, stipules lanceolate acuminate ‘6 in. long, puberulous;
stipels lanceolate ‘15 in. long; the lowest leaves simple or trifoliolate,
ovate or subcordate. Racemes in dense cylindric heads 8-18 in. long,
1-1'5 in. broad; bracts scariose deciduous ovate-acuminate, ciliate ;

130

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 131

pedicels 45-65 in. long, covered with long spreading bristles, abruptly
incurved at the tip after flowering. Calyx ‘2 in. long, teeth sparingly
plumose. Corolla pale-purple, ‘3 in. long. Pod puberulous, joints 4-6,
black, dull, -13 in. long, ‘1 in. wide, compressed. DC. Prodr. II, 324;
Wall. Cat. 5675; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 268; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. II, 155. U.comosa DC. Prodr. II, 324. U. picta Wight, Ic. t.
411, notof Desv. Hedysarum crinitum Linn. Mant. 1,102; Burm. Flor.
Ind. 169 t. 56; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 57. Doodia crinita Roxb. Flor. Ind.
ITT, 369.

PawanG; Renchong, etc. Ridley! Prax; Thaipeng, Scortechini
71! Sunga Ryah, Kunstler 1011! Matacca; Maingay 527! Stycaprorn;
Hullett 49! Ridley 8110! Disrris. India, Indo-China, China, Malay
Islands.

3. Urarra racororpes DC. Prodr. II, 324. <A tufted woody peren-
nial with slender trailing pubescent much branched stems 1-3 feet long.
Leaves 15-2 in., rachis pubescent; leaflets solitary, or a terminal and
one pair of opposite leaflets, oblong rhomboid or rounded, base rounded
truncate or at times cordate, thickly membranous, green glabrous above,
finely reticulate-veined, pubescent beneath, 1-2 in. Jong °75-1 in. wide;
lateral pair of leaflets when present always much smaller than terminal;
petiole ‘5-75 in.; stipules lanceolate ‘2 in.; stipels subulate small.
Racemes in short dense simple oblong heads, 1—2°5 in. long, ‘8 in. wide;
bracts subpersistent distinctly ciliated, °3 in. long; pedicels densely
erinite, *l5in. long. Calya -12 in., lower teeth setaceous, densely plumose.
Corolla pale-purple, ‘2 in. long. Pods glabrous, joints thick, reticulate,
‘lo in. long, ‘08 in. wide, compressed. Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 268;
Bak. in Flor, Brit. Ind. 156. U. retusa Wall. Cat. 5680. Hedysarum
lagopodioides Linn. Sp. Pl. 1198. H. lagopoides Burm. Fl. Ind. 68, t.
53, f. 2. Lespedeza lagopoides Pers. Synops, II, 308. Doodia lagopodiotdes
Roxb. Flor. Ind.III, 366.

PAHANG ; Ridley 2594! Perak; Scortechint 13! Prov. WELLESLEY;
Ridley 8010! Anvamans; King’s Collectors! Distrip. India ; Indo-China;
China; Malay Islands. :

39. Lourga Neck.

Herbs. Leaves membranous, stipellate, 1-3-foliolate. Flowers in
terminal simple or panicled racemes, COayla membranous, accrescent,
the lanceolate teeth as long as the campanulate tube. Corolla equalling
or exceeding the calyx; standard broad; keel obtuse. Stzmens di-
adelphous ; anthers uniform. Ovary few-ovuled ; style filiform, inflexed, —
stigma capitate. Pod of about 4 small distinct 1-seeded smooth veined
joints, included in the calyx. Species 4; all originally East Indian.

| 131

132 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

LouREA VESPHRTILIONIS Desv. Journ. Bot. I. 122, t. 5 £.18. An
erect sleuder herb, sparingly subfastigiately branched ; branches to-
wards their tips finely downy with hooked hairs. Leaf-rachis ‘5-1 in.,
leaflets usually 1 terminal, rarely 3; rigidly subcoriaceous, green usually
clouded with white, the terminal one 2-3 in. broad, ‘3-5 m. long with
two linear or lanceolate spreading or slightly ascending 2—3-nerved
halves, apex of each lobe broadly emarginate bristle-tipped; lateral
leaflets, when present, much smaller, obliquely obversely deltoid.
Racemes simple or slightly panicled; 5-6 in. long; pedicels pubescent,
shorter than calyx, the lower geminate. Calyx membranous campanu-
late ; in fruit ‘25--35 in. long, sparsely pubescent with spreading hairs ;
teeth as long as tube, wide-triangular with a strong central nerve and
widely reticulate-veined, as is the tube, with slightly weaker secondary
nerves. Corolla not longer than calyx. Pod ineluded, 4—5-jointed.
DC. Prodr. II, 323; Wall. Cat. 5671; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 264;
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 154. Hedysarwm Vespertilionis Linn. fil.
Suppl. 331; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 57; Flor. Ind. II], 352.

Maayan Perninsuta; exact locality not given, Szr W. Norris!
Distris. Now cosmopolitan in the tropics, but often only planted.

40. Atnystcarpus Neck.

Diffuse annuals or biennials. Leaves simple, rarely 3-foliolate,
stipellate, subcoriaceous. Flowers in copious axillary racemes. Calyx
glumaceous ; teeth deep, often imbricated, the two upper often connate.
Corolla not exserted; standard broad; keel obtuse, adhering to the
wings. Stamens diadelphous ; anthers uniform. Ovary nearly or quite
sessile, many-ovuled ; style incurved, stigma capitate. Pod terete or
turgid, composed of several indehiscent 1-seeded joints. Species about
15; weeds, everywhere in the tropics of the old world.

ALYSICARPUS VAGINALIS DC.; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 231. A robust »
ascending herb, stems 1-3 feet Jong (var. typica); or a dwarf diffuse
herb with very slender stems and branches spreading 8-12 in. (var.
nummularifolia) ; the branchlets slightly downy. leaves always 1-
foliolate, petioles ‘3 in. long, slender, glabrous, stipules subscarious paral-
lel-veined ovate-acute half as long as petioles; leaflets glabrous cordate
at base, lowest lanceolate 1°5-2 in. long, ‘5 in. broad acute, with upper
oblong obtuse 1—1‘5 in. long and 1 in. wide (in one series of forms) ; or
lowest oblong *75 in. long subacute, the upper ‘5 in. long ovate-obtuse
all 3 in. wide (in a second series of forms). Racemes 8-12-fid. lax-fid.
1-3 in. long (var. typica) or congested under 1 in. long (vAR. nwmmu-
larifolia) ; pedicels shorter than calyx. Calyx ‘12 in. glabrescent,

teeth linear-setaceous longer than tube. Corolla pale-yellow tinged with
132

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 133

pink, small, included. Pod terete, reticulate-veined, ‘5-75 in. long, ‘08
in. wide; joints 6-8, half as long again as broad ; faintly pubescent,
slightly thickened at the ends. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 158.

Var. typica. Stems stouter ascending, lower leaves usually lanceo-
late and upper oblong, occasionally lower leaves oblong and upper
ovate,.racemes lax. DC. Prodr. II, 353; W. & A. Prodr. 233. A.
diversifolius Wall. Cat. 5772. A Harniert Schweinf. Rel. Kotsch, 24
t.19. Hedysarum vaginale Linn. Sp, Pl. 746; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 56;
Flor. Ind. IIT, 345.

Panakore; Scortechini 1461! Matacca; on Pulo Besai, Maingay
516! Srycarore; Changi, Ridley 1080!

Var, nummularifolia Mig. loc. cit.; Bak. loc. cit. Stems slender
diffusely spreading, lower leaves always oblong, upper ovate, racemes
dense. A nummulurifolius DC. Prodr. II, 353; Wall. Cat. 5767; W. &
A. Prodr. 133. A. varius Wall. Cat. 5768. Hedysarum nummularifolium
Linn. Sp. Pl. 746. H. variwm Roth. Nov. Sp. 354. H. cylindricum
Poir. Encyc. Meth. Suppl. V, 400. Hegetschweilera pulchella Regel, Bot.
Zeit. I, 47. '

Anpamans ; Gt. Coco Isd. Prain! Port Blair, King! Prrax; Scorte-
chint! Ridley 8008! Penane; Water-fali, Curtis 1892! 1893! Matacca;
King! Hervey! Stncarore; on Pulo Obin, Kunstler 4!

The writer has followed Miquel and Baker in uniting these two plants which
Linnzus, De Candolle, Wallich and Wight have endeavoured to keep distinct. The
difficulty that has arisen in distinguishing them, has been due to the fact that
A. vaginalis, though always diagnosed as having lower leaves lanceolate and upper
leaves oblong, in reality very often has the lower oblong and the upper ovate as in
. A. nummularifolius. The true distinguishing characters are the spreading habit and
condensed racemes of the variety, the ascending stems and lax racemes of the
typical plant. The description and the varietal diagnoses now given may, it is
hoped, prevent a recurrence of the difficulty that has hitherto been experienced in
differentiating the two.

41. Desmopium Desv.

Herbs or shrubs. Leaves 1- or 3-foliolate, stipellate. Flowers small
usually in copious often dense racemes. Culyx campanulate; teeth
longer or shorter than the tube the two upper often subconnate. Corolla
exserted ; standard broad; wings more or less adherent to the usually
obtuse keel. Upper stamen entirely or partially free from the other
united 9. Ovary sessile or stipitate, few- or many-ovuled; style in-
curved, stigma minute capitate. Pod usually composed of several
l-seeded indehiscent joints, the faces compressed, the upper suture
rarely finally splitting open, the joints usually separating. Species
about 150; cosmopolitan in tropical and subtropical countries, a few
in temperate N. America and temperate S. Africa.

133

134

Pod distinctly divided into several separating one-seeded
joints :— |
Leaves 3-foliolate :—
Small trailing herbs with 1-3 axillary flowers (lI.
Sagotia) :—
Pedicels hardly exceeding the petioles;
obovate-cuneate, truncate or emarginate
Pedicels distinctly longer than petioles ;
oblong rounded at apex

leaflets
leaflets
Undershrubs or shrubs with woody HeaeneR? —
Bracts large, 2-foliolate, persistent (2. Phyllodium)..
Bracts small. simple, deciduous :—
Flowers in dense short-peduncled axillary umbels
(3. Dendrolobiuwm) :—
Leaflets smooth, veins beneath indistinct ;
glabrous

Leaflets
pods strigose

pods

rugose, reticulate-veined beneath ;
Flowers in more or less Be eeeed racemes :—
Lowest joint of pod distinctly stalked, constric-
tions between joints reaching from lower almost
to wpper suture (4a, Eudesmodium § Podocar-
pium) a eee
Lowest joint of pod soaailens =
Joints of pod not manifestly longer than
broad :—
Joints of pod indehiscent, leaflets large
acuminate (45. Eudesmodium § Dollinera)..
Joints of pod opening along lower suture,
leaflets small (4c. EZudesmodium § Nichol-
sonia) :—
Leaflets obovate-cuneate silvery beneath ;
pedicels always ultimately reflexed ;
stems prostrate .. see ove
Leaflets obovate-cuneate or obovate-
acute, not silvery beneath; pedicels
erect or ascending; stems erect a
Joints of pod 4 times as long as broad (4d.
Eudesmodium § Scorpiurus) nie
Leaves 1-foliolate :—
Petioles not winged :—
Joints of pod 4 times as long as broad (4d.
Eudesmodium § Scorpiurus) ee
Joints of pod not manifestly arnt than eae
(4e. Eudesmodium § Heteroloma) :—
Racemes lax, pods glabrescent i
Racemes dense, pods densely pubescent ee
Petioles broadly winged (5. Pteroloma) :—
Pods thin, densely strigose cos

134

10,

Fae

. 12:
13.

we Lhe

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

D. triflorum.
D. heterophyllum.

D. pulchellum.

D. wmbellatum.

D. rugosum.

D. laxum.

D. megaphyllum.

D. capitatum.

D. polycarpum.
D. iaxiflorum.

D. ormocarpoides.
D. gangeticum.

D. virgatum. —

D. triquetrum,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 135

Pods coriaceous, quite glabrous Ses .. 15. D. auriculatum.
Pods indistinctly jointed, not separating into segments
but dehiscing in a continuous line along the ventral
suture (6. Plewrolobium) ne ; .. 16. D. gyroides.

Susgen. 1. Sacorma Walp. Trailing herbs, with small 3-foliolate
stipellate leaves. Flowers in sparse lax racemes or 1-2 in the axils of
the leaves ; bracts deciduous and pods distinetly jointed.

1. Desmopium tTrirtorum DC. Prodr. I, 334. A small trailing
herb with very slender diffusely branching stems 6-18 im. long;
branches sparsely hirsute with fine spreading hairs. Leaves ‘5 in. long,
3-foliolate ; petiole ‘2 in. long; leaflets membranous obovate-cuneate,
apex truncate or emarginate, terminal °25 in. long ‘2 in. across, lateral
‘2 in. long ‘15 in. across, glabrous above sparsely adpressed-hirsute
beneath ; stipels minute subulate, stipules persistent lanceolate °15 in.
long. Inflorescence of 1-3-fld. axillary fascicles ; pedicels ‘25 in., brac-
teoles minute. Calyx pubescent with longish white hairs -1—15 in.
long ; teeth setaceous longer than narrowly campanulate tube. Corolla
pink or occasionally white ‘2 in. long. Pod ‘4—6 in. long, ‘15 in. wide ;
joints 3-5, reticulately veined and finely puberulous; upper suture
straight, lower distinctly indented between the joints. Wall. Cat. 5734
(except part of F.); Benth, in Mart. Flor. Bras. XV, 95, t. 26; Miq.
Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 238; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IJ, 173. D. triflorum
var. minus W & A, Prodr. 229; Wight Ic. t. 292. D. heterophyllum
Wall. Cat. 5701 C. Hedysarum triflorum Linn. Sp. Pi. 749; Roxb, Hort,
Beng. 57; Flor. Ind. Ill, 353. | H. stipulacewm Burm. Flor. Ind. t. 54, f.
2. Nicholsonia reptans Meissn. in Linnaea XXI, 260. Sagotia triflora
Walp. & buch. in Linnaea XXITI, 738.

ANDAMANS; Port Blair, Kurz! Prain! Great Coco Island (speens.
all white-fld.) Prain! Matacca; Maingay 522! Prov. Wetiestey ; King!
PenanG; Wallich 57341! Duisrrrs. Cosmopolitan in the tropics. |

An extremely common species in India, not so.common in Indo-China; very
rare, perhaps only a recently introduced weed, in Malaya.

2. DesMopiuM HEYEROPHYLLUM DC. Prodr. II, 334. A trailing
herb with slender diffusely branching stems 2-2°5 feet long; branches
densely hirsute with spreading hairs. Leaves 1-1°5 in. long, 3-foliolate,
petiole 5 in, long; leaflets membranous oblong or obovate-oblong apex
rounded or subacute, terminal ‘5-1 in. long, ‘3-5 in. wide, lateral
similar “25-5 in. long “2-26 in. wide, glabrous above, hairy beneath ;
stipels minute subulate, stipules persistent lanceolate ‘15 in, long. In-
florescence of solitary or geminate axillary flowers and, towards ends of |
branches, of a few axillary lax few-fid. racemes; pedicels *5—8 in. long,
sparsely pubescent with rusty spreading hairs ; bracts 2 in. long, ovate-
‘lanceolate, deciduous, bracteoles minute. Calyx "LS in. densely hirsute,

135

136 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

teeth setaceous, longer than narrowly campanulate tube. Corolla pale-
purple, ‘25 in, long. Pod *5—'75 in. long, *18 in. wide; joints 4-5, reticu-
late, glabrescent except the lower suture, dehiscent; upper suture
straight lower distinctly indented between the joints. Wall. Cat,
5701, letters A. B. D.; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 238; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. II, 173. D. cespitosum DC.,Prodr. II, 333. D. triflorum Wall.
Cat. 5734, letter F.in part. D. triflorum var. magus W.& A. Prodr.
229; Wight, Ic. t. 291. Hedysarum heterophyllum Willd. Sp. Pl. III,
1201. H. reptans Roxb. Hort. Beng. 57; Flor. Ind. III, 354. Dicerma
repens Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5740.

In all the provinces, very common. Dtsrris. Throughout tropical
S.-E. Asia.

Though very like the preceding this is quite easily distinguished by its thicker
stems, larger and differently shaped leaflets, much longer pedicels and rather broader
pods, the joints of which usnally dehisce along the lower suture.

The distribution in India and Malaya of these two species, is reversed. In India
this is quite a rare plant, D. triflorwm being common everywhere; in Malaya, on
the other hand, D. triflorum is very rare while D. heterophyllum is extremely common
and is apparently the representative of the other.

Supcen. 2. Puyttoptum Desv. Shrubs with woody branches and
3-foliolate leaves. Flowers umbellate, the umbels in long continuous
rows, each hidden by a pair of persistent bracts.

3. DesMODIUM PULCHELLUM Benth. ex Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I,
162. A small shrub 4-5 feet high with slender terete finely grey-
downy branches. Leaves 5-6 in. long, 3-foliolate, petiole ‘25-4 in., chan-
nelled above, downy; leafiets coriaceous green subrugose above, finely
downy beneath, narrow-ovate to ovate-lanceolate subacute, terminal 3-4
in. long 1:5 wide, on petiolules ‘6 in. long; lateral pair much smaller,
1:25 in. long, °75 in. wide, petiolules ‘15 in. long; lateral nerves 10-12
pairs, very oblique distinctly raised beneath, secondary reticulate cross-
venation visible; stipels subulate as long as petiolules, stipules *25 in.
long subscarious closely parallel-veined, subpersistent. Inflorescence
axillary or terminal, 3-10 in. long, in racemes of solitary flowers,
fascicles, or small subumbellate corymbs, in the axils of 12-40 compound
foliar bracts; bracts 2-foliolate, their stipules ‘2 in. and petiole ‘15 in.
long, leaflets opposite subobliquely orbicular °5 in. across, glabrous
externally, finely downy internally, on very short stipellate petiolules,
their terminal leaflet reduced to a bristle ‘2-25 in. long; fascicles or
close-set corymbs 2-6-fid. ; pedicels slightly unequal, ‘08-10 in., downy.
Calyx 1 in. puberulous, teeth lanceolate shorter than tube. Corolla "25
in. yellow. Pod -2-°3 in. long indented on both sutures slightly puberu-
lous ; joints 2, less often solitary, very rarely 3, ‘J in. long, *12 in. broad.
Hedysarum pulchellum Lina. Sp. Pl. 747; Roxb. Flor. Ind. HI, 361.

136

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 137

Zornia pulchella Pers. Synops. II, 318. Dicerma pulchellum DC. Prodr.
TI, 339; Wall. Cat. 5737; Wight, Ic. t. 418. Phyllodiwm pulchellum
Desv. Journ. Bot. III, 123, t. 5, f. 24; Benth. Pl. Jungh. 217; Mig.
Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 260.

Matacea; Griffith. Panana; Ridley 2596! Jonore; Kunstler 376!
Perak ; Scortechini !

Suscen. 3. DenproLtopiuom W. & A. Shrubs with woody branches
and 3-foliolate leaves. Flowers in dense epiiaere tee or sessile
axillary umbels, bracts minute deciduous.

4, DeEsmopium umpeLtLatum DC. Prodr. IT, 325. A littoral shrub
5-15 feet high with densely downy terete young branches. Leaves 5-7
in. long, 3-foliolate, petiole 1 in. long, channelled above, rusty-puberu-
lous; leaflets subcoriaceous, green glabrous above, paler and thinly
canescent underneath, ovate-oblong obtuse or rarely acute or subacute,

terminal 3-3°5 in. long, 2-2°5 in, wide on a petiolule °5 in. long, the
lateral pair similar but smaller 2—2°5 in. long, 1:25-1°75 in. wide on
petiolules *2 in. long; lateral nerves 6-8 pairs hardly raised beneath ;
stipels very small, subulate, half as long as petiolules; stipules large °3
in. long, subscarious, closely parallel-veined, caducous with the unfolding
of leaf next above which they cover in bud. Inflorescence axillary, with
peduncles °35 in. long, in 6-12-fld. corymbs simulating umbels; pedicels
short ‘15 in. or less, elongating in fruit to °25 in., unequal, very close-set.
Calyx with « broad scarious deciduous bracteole, ‘1 in. long ‘07 in. wide,
at its base, densely silky externally, ‘15 in. long, teeth lanceolate, as
long as tube. Corolla ‘5 in. long, white. Pod 1°5-2 in. long, joints 4,
very rarely 5, °3 in. long, ‘25 in. wide, sparsely silky when young,
glabrous when ripe, thick and coriaceous almost turgid. W. & A.
Prodr. 224; Wall. Cat. 5687; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IJ, 161. Dendro-
lobium umbellatum Benth. Pl. Jungh. 218; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 262.
Hedysarum umbellatum Linn. Sp. Pl. 747. H. arborewm Roxb. Flor. Ind.
III, 360.

In all the provinces, common on the coasts. Dusrris. On all coasts
from the Mascarene Islands to Polynesia.

A curious variety of this species, with branches, leaves beneath, and ripe pods
softly silky, is VaR. hirsutum DC. It is known only from specimens cultivated in
Hort. Calcutta (Wall. Cat. n. 5687/D) and in Hort. Bogor.—the Buitenzorg specimens
being marked “ £ horto Calcuttensi recepta.” The original habitat of this variety
is unknown. .

D. wmbellatum has been said to occur in Upper Burma; this is a mistake caused
by Dr. Wallich having issued (as 5687/8) a totally different species under the same
name. No one has ever sent specimens of D. wmbellatwm to Calcutta except from
sea-coasts and the shores of tidal rivers.

5. Dersmopium ruGosum Prain. A large gregarious shrub with

137

138 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. -

rusty-puberulous angular young branches. Leaves 5-7 in. long, 3-
foliolate, petiole 1 in. long, channelled above, rusty-puberulous ; leaflets
coriaceous rugose, puberulous on the midrib and nerves above, densely
rusty-puberulous beneath on the midrib lateral nerves and secondary
veins ; obovate-acute, terminal 4 in. long 2°5 in. wide, on a petiolule
‘> in. long; lateral pair oblong-acute base obliquely rounded, 3°5 in.
long 1°75-2 in. wide, on petiolules ‘15 in. long; lateral nerves 10-12
pairs very prominent beneath as is the close reticulate secondary vena-
tion; stipels subulate, -12 in., nearly as long as petiolules; stipules
subscarious caducous. Inflorescence axillary, with peduncles ‘25 in.
long, in 3-6-fld. corymbs simulating umbels but with the rachis pro-
duced for 3 in. or more in the centre and marked by numerous close-
set scars left by fallen pedicels; pedicels that persist "2 in. long,
elongating slightly in fruit. Calyx with a broad scarious deciduous
bracteole ‘1 in. long at its base, pubescent externally, ‘2 in. long, teeth
longer than tube. Corolla ‘5 in. long, white. Pod 1°5 in. long, joints
4,-3 in. long *25 in. wide, densely adpressed-pubescent with coarse
rusty hairs, thick, coriaceous, almost turgid.

Kenan ; Langkawi, Curtis 2550! Duistrrie. Tenasserim.

Very nearly related to the preceding species but with quite different foliage and
pods. Very nearly related also to D. Wallichii (D. umbellatum Wall. Cat. n. 5687
letter B only) from Upper Burma, but with larger pods, and coarser, more rugose
acute leaves than in that species; indeed, D. Wallichii with the inflorescence of
D. rugosum has foliage more resembling that of D. wmbellatum. The stipules of D.
Wallichit do not fall immediately after the unfolding of the leaf next above, as in the
case of D. umbellatum and D. rugosum.

Desmodium (Dendrolobium) Cephalotes Wall. is stated by Dr. Miquel
to occur in Java. No Malayan specimens of the species, which is very
common throughout India and Indo-China, have yet reached Calcutta.
Its presence, however, would not be surprising and the species should be
looked for by collectors in the Malay Peninsula.

Suscen. 4. Hupesmopium. Erect herbs or undershrubs with large
1-3-foliolate leaves. Flowers often 2 or several from a node in long
racemes simple or panicled, bracts deciduous and pods distinctly jointed.

§ Popocarpium Bth. Joints of pod indehiscent, longer than broad,
the lowest one distinctly stalked, constrictions reaching from lower
nearly to straight upper suture.

6. Desmopium taxum DC. Prodr. II, 356. A bush 2-4 feet high
with angular erect finely-puberulous branches. Leaves 5-8 im. long, 3-
foliolate, petiole 1-2°5 in., channelled above, finely sparsely puberulous ;
leaflets membranous, green and glabrous above, paler and sparsely hir-
sute on the nerves beneath, terminal narrow ovate, 4-6 in. long 1°5-2 in.
wide, narrowed gradually to apex, cuneate at base on a petiolule °75 in.

138

i

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 139

long, lateral nerves 3 pairs the lowest much stronger than the rest and
very oblique ; side leaflets similar but smaller, 3-4 in. long 1-15 in. wide,
with slightly oblique bases; stipels subulate -2 in. Jong; stipules linear-
lanceolate ‘5 in. long, persistent. Inflorescence in rather narrow terminal
and axillary racemes, the former sometimes paniculate, 12-20 in. long,
composed of as many distant solitary flowers or few-fid. fascicles, bracts
minute linear; pedicels puberulous slender -2 in., ultimately spreading
‘4 in. long. Calyx very small ‘08 in. long, tubular, slightly pubescent,
teeth deltoid very short. Corolia pink, ‘25 in. long. Pod 1-3 in. long,
the lowest joint on a stalk 3 in. long, joints few indehiscent °5 in. long,
‘2in. wide, the constrictions nearly reaching the upper suture, cut
obliquely from opposite the point to the base. D. Gardneri Bth. Pl.
Jungh. 226; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 255; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I],
165. D. podocarpum Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. III, 46 not of DC.

Perak; on Ulu Batang Padang, Wray 1608! Disrris. India ;
Himalayas; Indo-China; China; Malay Archipelago.

§ Doxtinera Endl. Joints of pod indehiscent, hardly longer than
broad, upper suture straight or slightly indented; calyx teeth not
exceeding tube.

7. DesMODIUM MEGAPHYLLUM Zoll. Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. IIT, 58.
A straggling shrub 8 feet high with slightly grooved, blackish branches,
with a sparse short tomentum. Leaves 7-9 in. long, 3-foliolate, petiole
2-2°5 in., channelled above, sparsely tomentose; leaflets subcoriaceous,
green sparsely puberulous above, grey thickly softly woolly beneath ;
rhomboid ovate-acuminate terminal cuneate at base, 4—6 in. long, 2°5-3°5
in, wide, on petiolule 1-1‘5 in. long; lateral pair similar but smaller
3-4 in. long, 1°5-2°5 in. wide with obliquely rounded base; lateral
nerves 5-6 pairs very oblique; stipels linear ‘25 in. long; stipules
subscarious ‘15 in. long, lanceolate. Injlorescence longer than the leaves,
in axillary and terminal racemes, the latter sometimes panicled, 8-10
in. long, of 25-30 few-fid. fascicles; pedicels slender “4 in. long, bracts
‘din. long, subscarious, lanceolate, bracteoles minute subulate. Calyx
campanulate -15 in. long, teeth triangular as long astube. Corolla pale-
violet, *3in. long. Pod dull-crimson, 2-225 in., 6—8-jointed, joints -25
in, long ‘2 in. wide, indehiscent, slightly puberulous, finely reticulate-
veined, slightly indented on the lower suture. Mig. Flor. ind. Bat. I,
245, excluding synonyms.

PERAK ; upper part of Batang Padang Valley, at 2,000 feet, Wray
1441! Distris. Java, Tenasserim.

§ Nicuotson1a DC. Juints of pod dehiscent along lower suture, not
longer than broad ; upper suture straight, lower slightly indented.

8. Desmopium capitatum DC. Prodr. I], 336. A prostrate under-
139

140 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula,

shrub with elongated woody rounded branches, hoary-tomentose towards
their tips, sometimes reaching 6 feet in length. Leaves 2—2°5 in. long,
3-foliolate, petiole “6 in. long slightly grooved and glabrescent above,
adpressed-tomentose beneath ; leaflets subcoriaceous, green glabrescent
above, densely white-silky pubescent beneath ; obovate-cuneate apex
rounded, terminal 1°25 in. long, 1 in. across, lateral similar but smaller
‘75 in. long, ‘5 in. across, lateral nerves about 8 pairs slightly visible
beneath ; stipels subulate ‘1 in. long, stipules linear ‘25 in. long. In-
florescence of dense axillary and terminal subsessile racemes J—2 in.
long ; pedicels ‘2-25 in., abruptly reflexed in fruit; bracts small ovate-
cuspidate ciliate, bracteoles minute. Calyx ‘1 in., glabrescent, teeth
setaceous longer than tube. Corolla purplish-red, ‘2 in. long. Pods
faintly puberulous, ‘5-75 in. long ‘15 in. wide; joints 6-8, dehiscent
along lower indented suture. Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 241; Bak. in
Flor. Brit. Ind. IJ,170. D. obovatum Wall. Cat. 5722 B. D. polycarpum
W. & A. Prodr. 227, in part. Hedysarwm capitatum Burm. FI. Ind. 167,
t. 64, f£. 1. H. conicwm Poir. Encye. Meth. VI, 419. Pseudarthria capitata
Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 390.

Perak; Durian, 8S. Batang, Kunstler 361! Thaipeng, Scortechini!
Panane ; Palin Tawa, Ridley 2598a !

9. Desmopium potycarpum DC. Prodr. II, 334. An erect or sub-
erect undershrub or shrub 2-5 feet high with woody angular slender
branches shortly tomentose towards their tips. Leaves 2-4 in. long, 3-
foliolate, petiole ‘6-1 in. long, slightly grooved glabrous above, sparsely
adpressed-pubescent beneath; leaflets subcoriaceous, pale-green glabrous
above, thinly adpressed-hirsute beneath, usually obovate-cuneate apex
round, sometimes ovate-acute (D. ovalifolium Wall.), 1:°25-3 in. long
1-1:5 in. across, lateral similar but smaller, *75-1:25 in. long ‘5-75 in.
across, lateral nerves about 6 pairs indistinct; stipels subulate ‘2 in.
long, stipules linear °3 in. long. Inflorescence of dense axillary and
terminal subsessile racemes 1-4 in. long; pedicels ‘2 in. long as-
cending; bracts ovate-cuspidate ciliate *25 in. long, bracteoles minute.
Calyz *1 in., glabrescent, teeth setaceous longer than tube. Corolla pink-
ish-purple, ‘2 in. long. Pods usually faintly or (D. ovalifolium) densely
ciliate, 5-75 in. long. ‘15 in. wide; joints 6-8, dehiscent along lower
indented suture. W. & A. Prodr. 227; Wight Ic. t. 406; Miq. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, 242; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I, 171. D. angulatum Wall.
Cat. 5727 in part, not of DC. D. siliquosum DC. Prodr. II, 336. D.
heterocarpum DC. Prodr. II, 337. D. retusum G. Don, Gen. Syst. I,
297. D. gyroides Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 362, not of DC. D. Buerger:
Mig. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. III, 45. D. nervosum Vogel, Pl. Meyen, 28.
D. patens Wight Ic. t. 407. Hedysarwm polycarpum Lamk, Il. t. 628.

140

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 141

H. siliquosum Burm. FI. Ind. 169, t. 55, fig. 2. 4. heterocarpon Linn
Sp. Pl. 747. H. purpureum Roxb. Hort. Beng. 57; Fl. Ind. III, 358.
H. retuswm Don Prodr. 243. H. patens Roxb. FI. Ind. ITI, 362.

Var. typica; leaves obovate-cuneate rounded at apex; pods faintly
puberulous.

In all the provinces, extremely common. Distris. Hast Africa,
India, Malaya, Indo-China, China, Polynesia.

Var. ovalifolia; leaves ovate-acute base rounded or truncate;
leaflets beneath sometimes softly silky; pods pubescent with spreading
hairs. D. ovalifolium Wall. Cat. n. 5730.

Penance; Wallich! Prax; Goping, Kunstler 1007! Disrris.
Sumatra (Forbes n, 1256!)

There are several more or less distinct forms of D. polycarpum most of which
are readily recognisable, though all are connected with each other and with typical
D. polycarpum by means of many intermediates. The form here defined as VAR.
ovalifolia has no intermediates, however, and so far as material hitherto collected
goes, might even be treated as a separate species. But its habit and its flowers are
so exactly those of D. polycarpwm that it seems better to consider the differences of
leaves and fruit as merely varietal.

§ Scorpiorus Bth. Joints of pod indehiscent much longer than
broad constricted along both sutures. ©

10. Desmopium LAxirLoruM DC. Prodr. II, 335. An erect under-
shrub 2-5 feet high with woody slender obtusely angled stems, at first
densely clothed with short hairs at length glabrescent. Leaves 6-20
in. long, 3-foliolate, petiole 1:5-2°5 in., pubescent with adpressed hairs,
grooved above ; leaflets membranous or subcoriaceous, green and glabrous
above, sparsely adpressed-hirsute beneath, terminal ovate-acute base
rounded or cuneate, 4—6 in. long 1°5—3 in. across with petiolule 1 in. long,
lateral nerves prominent beneath 7-10 pairs; lateral leaflets similar
but smaller 1:5-2°5 in. long, 1-1°5 in. wide, base obliquely rounded,
petiolule very short; stipels subulate “2 in. long; stipules ovate long-
acuminate, ‘3 in. long. Inflorescence in axillary and terminal racemes
6-10 in. long, of 12-20 distant solitary flowers or few-fld. fascicles ;
bracts and bracteoles minute linear or setaceous; rachis puberulous
with adpressed hairs as are the ultimately patent pedicels *2—25 in.
long. Calyx ‘1 in., pubescent, tube campanulate, teeth lanceolate as long
as tube. Corolla white, ‘2 in. long. Pod 1-1°75 in. long, pendulous,
‘] in. wide, joints ‘3 in. long, indehiscent, hardly constricted at the
sutures and not ribbed, closely beset with short hooked hairs. Maiq.
Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 251; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I], 164. D. bicolor
Wall. Cat. 5719. D. elongatum Wall. Cat. 5715. OD. leptostachyum
Wall. Cat. 5697 B. D. suleatum Wall. Cat. 5736. D. recurvatum Grah.
in Wall, Cat. 5717; W. & A. Prodr. 226; Wight Ic. t. 374. D. diffu-

° 141

142g Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

sum DC. Prodr. II, 335, non 336. Hedysarum recurvatum Roxb. Hort.
Beng. 57; Fl. Ind. III, 358; Wight, Ic. t. 409. 4. doffuswm Roxb. Fl.
Ind. III, 357, not of Willd. H. Roxburghii Spreng. Syst. App. 292.
H. Rottleri Spreng. Syst. III, 320.

Anpamans; Great Coco, Prain! Nicopars; Kondil, Kurz! Disrris.
Throughout India, Indo-China and Malaya.

11. Desmopium ormocarpoipes DC. Prodr. II, 327. An erect -
undershrub 2-5 feet high with woody slender obtusely angled stems, at
first densely clothed with short hairs at length glabrescent. Leaves 5-7
in. long, 1-foliolate, petiole *75 in. long, pubescent with spreading hairs,
channelled above; leaflet subcoriaceous, green and glabrous above,
sparsely pubescent to closely silky beneath, ovate-acute, base rounded or
truncate, 4—6 in. long 1°5-2°25 in. wide, lateral nerves 6-8 pairs visible
beneath; stipels subulate, *2 in. long; stipules ovate long-acuminate
scarious, ‘3 in. long, subpersistent. Inflorescence in terminal or rarely
axillary racemes 6-10 in. long, of 12-20 distant solitary flowers or
few-fid. fascicles; bracts and bracteoles minute linear or setaceous ;
rachis puberulous with rusty tomentum as are the ultimately patent
pedicels °25-"35 in. long. Calye ‘1 in. pubescent, tube campanulate,
teeth short deltoid. Oorolla white, *2 in. long. Pod 3—4 in. long, pendu-
lous, ‘15 in. wide; joints 6-8, ‘6 in. long, indehiscent, constricted at both
sutures, longitudinally ribbed, closely beset with short hooked hairs,
Migq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 249; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IJ, 164. Hedysarum
adhaerens Poir. in Lamk, Encyc. Meth. V, 15 not of Vahl. H. ormocar-
poides Desy. ex DC. Prodr. II, 327. Rumph. Herb. Amboin, VI, t. 66.

Var. velutina; leaves softly silky beneath. D. zonatum Mig. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, 250.

ANDAMANS; common in the interior of the Islands. SELANGOR ;
Ridley 7295! Pawana; Kwala Tembeling, Ridley 2605! Dusrris. Java.

The typical form of this species has leaves very sparsely hairy beneath; it
occurs in Java (fide De Candolle), and is common in India from Ceylon and the
Pulney Mts. northwards to Assam.

§ Hererotoma Bth. Joints of pod indehiscent, hardly longer than
broad; upper suture straight or slightly indented; calyx-teeth exceed-
ing tube.

12. Desmopium Ganceticum DC. Prodr. II, 327, A slender
undershrub 1—4 feet high with woody obtusely angled glabrescent stems
and angled adpressed-puberulous branches, Leaves 4-6 in. long, 1-
foliolate, petiole *75 in. long channelled and with a few adpressed hairs
above ; membranous or rarely subcoriaceous, green and glabrous above,
a little paler adpressed-puberulous beneath ; ovate-acute, base rounded
or truncate, 3-5°5 in. long 1-2 in. wide, lateral nerves 8-9 pairs sliglitly

142

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 143

visible on both surfaces, cross-nervation slightly visible beneath ;
stipels subulate ‘2 in. long; stipules linear subpersistent ‘25 in, long.
Inflorescence in copious ascending terminal and axillary racemes 6-12
in. long, of 30-40 rather close-set few-fld. fascicles ; bracts and bracteoles
minute setaceous; rachis adpressed-puberulous as are the fastigiate
pedicels ‘2-25 in. Calyz finely pubescent, ‘08 in,, teeth lanceolate longer
than campanulate tube. Corolla white, ‘15 in, long, Pod subfalcate,
‘5-75 in. long, ‘1 in. across, 6-8-jointed, indented on upper suture, joints
indehiscent slightly longer than broad, minutely puberulous with hooked
hairs. Wall. Cat. 5689; Mig. Flor, Ind. Bat. I, 247; W. & A. Prodr.
225; Wight, Ic. 271; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 168. D. latifolium
Wight, Ic. t. 272 not t. 270. Hedysarum gangeticum Linn. Sp. Pl.
746; Roxb, Flor. Ind. III, 349. H. collinwm Roxb, Flor. Ind. III, 349.

Penang; Pinara Bukit, Curtis 2771! Nicopars; Teressa, etc.,
Jelinek 233! King’s Collectors !

13. Desmopium vircatum Zoll. Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. III, 58.
A slender undershrub 1-4 feet high with angled adpressed-pubescent
stems and branches. Leaves 4-6 in. long, 1-foliolate, petiole "25 in. long
channelled above, densely rusty-tomentose ; membranous or subcoria-
ceous, pale-green glabrous above, adpressed-puberulous beneath ; ovate-
acute, base rounded or truncate, margin slightly sinuate, 3-5 in. long 1-2
in. wide, lateral nerves 8-9 pairs slightly visible on both surfaces ;
stipels subulate ‘2 in. long; stipules short triangular, ‘15 in. long.
Inflorescence in copious ascending terminal and axillary racemes 3-8 in.
long, of 20-30 close-set few-fld. fascicles ; bracts and bracteoles minute
setaceous, rachis densely rusty-tomentose ; pedicels very short; ‘08 in,,
glabrescent, Calyx glabrescent, ‘08 in., teeth lanceolate longer than
campanulate tube. Corolla pale-pink, ‘2in.long. Pod subfalcate, *5-°75
in. long, ‘1 in. across, 6—-8-jointed, indented or upper suture, joints in-
dehiscent as long as broad, densely clothed with short hooked hairs.
Zoll., Flora (1847) 697. D. latifolinm var. virgatum Mig. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 247. D. gangeticum var. acuminatum Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I,
248. D. latifoliwum Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I], 168, in part, hardly ~
of DC.

Perak; Batu Kuran, Scortechini 1594! Distrais. Chittagong,
Burma, Java.

This has the habit and foliage of D. gangeticwm, but in flowers and especially
in fruits, it more resembles D. latifoliwm to which indeed Miquel and Baker have
referred it.

Suscen. 5. Preronoma Desy. Shrubs with 1-foliolate leaves and
winged petioles. Flowers racemose, bracts minute and keel acute.

14. DeEsmopiumM tTRiQuETRUM DC. Prodr. II, 326. A shrub with

143

144 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

grooved triangular glabrescent branches. Leaves 5-6 in. long, 1-foliolate ;
petiole 1 in. long ‘3 in. wide, with broad leafy reticulate-veined wings ;
blade 4-5 in. long ‘75-1 in. wide, narrowly oblong-lanceolate with
rounded or subcordate base and acute apex, green and vlabrSis on both
surfaces, lateral nerves 15-20 pairs and secondary cross reticulate
venation distinct on both surfaces especially beneath; stipules very
large, ‘5-75 in. long ‘2 in. wide, subscarious, closely parallel-veined
persistent, stipels small adnate to upper margin of petiolar wing.
Inflorescence in narrow axillary and terminal racemes 6-10 in. long, of
solitary or fascicled flowers in the axils of 20-40 simple svarious bracts
resembling foliar stipules with similar but much smaller stipulets at
their base; pedicels ascending °2—3 in, long. Calyw ‘15 in. long, very
sparsely hairy, bracteolate at base, bracteoles narrow scarious linear ;
tube campanulate, teeth unequal, upper deltoid lower lnear. Corolla
purple, ‘3 in. long. Pod 1-2 in. long, joints 6-8, thin, ‘2 in. long, *25 in.
wide, densely persistently strigose with subadpressed greyish-brown
hairs. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 163 im part only, the synonyms D.
alatum, D. auriculatum and D. pseudo-triquetrum excluded. Hedysarum
triquetrum Linn. Sp. Pl. 746. H. alatum Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 348.
Pteroloma triquetrum Benth. Pl. Jungh. 220; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I,
258 excluding the synonyms Desmodiwm pseudo-triquetrum and D.
alatum.

ANDAMANS; common in the interior of the Islands, PERAK;
Kunstler 1074! Scortechini! Distr1s. India and Indo-China.

This species is very easily recognised by its hairy pods. Some difficulty is at
times found in separating flowering specimens of this from flowering specimens of
the next species ; the two are however quite distinct. Equally distinct are two other
species, D. alatum and D. pseudo-triquetrum, quite justly differentiated by De Can-
dolle but merged in D. triquetrwm by Miquel, who has been followed in the Flora of
Brit. Ind.

15. Dersmopium avricuLtatom DC. Prodr. II, 326. A littoral shrub
with grooved triangular glabrescent branches. Leaves 4-5 in. long,
1-foliolate, petiole ] in. long °3 in, wide, with broad leafy reticulate-veined
wings; blade 3-4 in. long 1-1°5 in, wide, oblong or ovate-acute with
truncate or cordate base and acute apex, green and glabrous on both
surfaces, lateral nerves 10-12 pairs and secondary cross reticulate
venation distinct on both surfaces, especially beneath ; stipules large +d
in, long ‘2 in. wide, subscarious, closely parallel-veined, persistent, stipels
adnate to tip of petiolar wing. Inflorescence in axillary and terminal
racemes 5-8 in. long, of solitary or fascicled flowers in the axils of 12-20
simple scarious bracts; pedicels ascending, °3 in, long. Calyx ‘15
in. long, sparsely hairy, base bracteolate; tube campanulate shorter
than the unequal teeth. Corolla purple, ‘3 in. long, Pod 1-2 in. long,

144

a

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 145

joints 6-8 stoutish coriaceous, ‘25 in. long *3 in. wide, quite glabrous,
polished. D. triguetrum Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 163 in part, not of
DC. Pteroloma auriculatum Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 258.

ANDAMANS; coasts of Great Coco, Prain! of South Andaman, Play-
fair! Kurz! Prain! Disreis., Indo-China; Malay Archipelago.

Though common in Tenasserim where it has been collected by Wallich (n. 5788
M!) and Helfer (n. 1648!) as well as in Mergui where it has been obtained by
Giiffith (n. 568!) and Proudlock (n. 14!), this is not present in Calcutta from any
locality within the Straits Settlements, It is rather more closely related to Desmo-
diwm alatum, which has broader pods, than to the preceding species, but it is equally
distinct from both. It appears to be an almost exclusively littoral form; there are
‘however two inland gatherings at Calcutta, both from Silhet and both collected by
Mr, Clarke (n. 14352! and n. 42702 !).

It should be noted that Jedysarwm alatum Roxb. is not the species described by
De Candolle as Desmodium alatum ; Roxburgh’s H. alatum is exactly equivalent to
Linnaeus’ H, triguetrum,... Roxburgh’s H, triquetrum on the other hand is not
Linneens’ plant but is Desmo: dium pseudo- -triquetrwm DC., a species confined to
Northern India, the lower Himalayan slopes, and the mountains of Assam. D2. ala-
tum DC., the plant with broad pods described in the Prodromus, occurs in Khasia,
Cachar and Chittagong without appearing in India proper or in Burma and the
Malay Peninsula; it recurs, however, in Java. The present species, D. auriculatum,
has not been found in Java but is met with again in Timor.

Suscey. 6. Pxevrotopium DC. Erect undershrubs, with large
leaves. lowers racemose ; pods indistinctly jointed, dehiscing in a con-
tinuous line along the ventral suture.

16. Desmopium Gyroipes DC. Prodr. II, 316, A shrub about 10
feet high with terete sparsely pubescent branches, Leaves 2:5-3 in. long
3- or often only l-foliolate, petiole "75 in. long, slender glabrescent :
leaflets membranous, oblong or ovate-oblong obtuse, pale-green glabrous
above, very thinly adpressed- -pubescent beneath, 1°75-2 in. long, 1-1'25
in, wide, literal nerves 6-8 pairs visible beneath; lateral leaflets if
present similar but much smaller, ‘5 in. long, ‘4 in. wide. Inflorescence
in dense axillary and terminal at first strobilate racemes, with large
imbricating scarious soon deciduous oyate-acute bracts, *25 in. long *2 in.
wide, pedicels finely-pubescent at length patent, 25 in. long. Qalyax +1
in., wide-campanulate, teeth triangular half as long as tube. Cor ‘olla “35
in. long, ‘2 in. across, purple. Pod 1-15 in. long, ‘2 in. wide, falcate ;
joints 6-10, dehiscing along the lower slightly aes: suture but not
separating from each other, copionsly pubescent with a felted Tusty
tomentum. Wall. Cat. 5728; W. & A. Prodr. 227; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat.
T, 243; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Tnd. ET 75. D: péciidognaain Miq. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, 244. Hedysarwm gyroides Roxb. Hort. Beng. 57. Codario-
cal, yx gyroides Hassk, Flor. (1842) Beiblatt. If, 49. .C. conieus Hassk. —

in Walp. Rep. I, 744, Pseudurthria polycarpa Hassk, PL Jay, Rar, 393.

145

146 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Perak; Kinta river, Kunstler 765! Disrris. India, Indo-China,
Malaya.

42, Soprnora Linn.

Trees or shrubs. Leaves odd-pinnate. Flowers showy, yellow or
white or violet-purple, racemed or panicled. Calyx oblique subgibbous
broadly campauulate; teeth deltoid very short. Corolla much exserted,
standard broad; petals equal in length all with long claws; keel obtuse.
Stamens free or only obscurely connate at the very base; anthers uni-
form versatile. Ovary stalked, many-ovuled; style incurved, stigma
capitate. Pod mouniliform, sublignose or membranous usually indehis-
cent, the joints turgid and usually terete. Species about 25; wide-
spread in tropical and subtropical regions, a few temperate or alpine.

The above definition applies to the section Eusophora, to which the only Malayan
species belongs.

Sopnora TOMENTOSA Linn. Sp. Pl. 373, An evergreen littoral shrub
or small tree sometimes reaching 20 feet im height, with all parts at first
softly and shortly tomentose. Leaves 6-12 in. long, leaflets 10-17 ter-
minal and in subopposite pairs or often along proximal half of rachis
distinctly alternate, elliptic to, oval-obtuse 1—-1°5 in. long, 9975 ie,
wide, thinly coriaceous, with age glabrescent above, persistently softly
pubescent beneath, petiolules very short densely pubescent as is the
rachis. Flowers in terminal racemes 6 in. long on softly tomentose
pedicels, ‘3 in. long, with deciduous subulate basal bracteoles, +15 in.
long. Calyx obliquely truncate, °35 in. long, obsoletely toothed, exter-
nally softly pubescent. Corolla yellow, glabrous, *65 in. long ; standard
orbicular veined. Stamens almost free to the base, the vexillary fila-
ment quite free, the filaments of the other 9 very shortly connate round
base of pubescent 10-12-ovuled ovary. Pod mouniliform 6—8-seeded,
4-6 in. long, the oblong hoary joints separated by stipes as long as
themselves. DC. Prodr. II, 95; Wall. Cat. 5333; Roxb. Flor. Ind. II,
316; W. & A. Prodr. 179; Mig: Flor. Ind. Bat. L 124; Bak. in Flor.
Brit. Ind. II, 249. 8. glabra Hassk. Cat. Hort. Bog, 285 ; = Bios
Ind. Bat. I, 125 ( fide Baker).

Kepau ; Langkawi, Curtis! DinpiNGs ; on coast, Scortechint ! Curtis!
Perak; Larut, Ridley! Puno Connor; on the coast, Finlayson ! ANDA-
MANS; very common on all the coasts. Duistris. On most tropical sea-
coasts. . . | kare

43, -OrmosiA Jacks.

Erect trees or, one species, climbing. Leaves odd-pinnate. Flowers
usually in dense terminal racemes. Caly# campanulate, deeply 5-cleft,
146

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula 147

the two upper teéth usually distinctly subconnate into an’ upper lip.
Corolla slightly exserted, petals subequal in length, all short-clawed ;
standard orbicular sometimes emarginate; keel petals free, and wings
oblong, obtuse. Stamens free or only faintly subconnate at the very
base, much incurved and exserted when the flower expands ; anthers
oblong, versatile. Ovary subsessile ; style long, filiform, circinate at the
tip with an oblique stigma on the inner face. Pod thickly fleshy or
woody, or thinly woody, turgid 2-valved continuous within, the sutures
without wings. Seeds bright red, with or without arillus, Species
about 25, cosmopolitan in the tropics. |
‘ Climber; (leaves quite glabrous bencath) ~ ris vs 1. O. scandens.
- Trees :— .
Seeds large ms a black adnate antl aril ; (leaves mi-
nutely sparsely pubescent underneath) :—
Panicles fastigiate, flowers white, pedicels stout; pods

3 in. wide, seed 1 in. long a .. 2. O. macrodiséa.
?anicles lax, flowers yellow, pedicels aslonaes ; pods 1°25
in. wide, seed ‘75 in. long al wile we «684 OF gracilis,

Seeds small without any aril :—-
Leaves quite glabrous beneath; (pod ‘6 in. broad, *4 in,
thick, valves thinly woody) oi we ww. 4. 0. nitide.
Leaves pubescent beneath :— F
Leaflets distinetly petiolulate; pedicels shorter than
calyx; pod with thinly woody valves ‘6 in. broad,
‘4. in. thick -—
Leaflets (9-13) small (not exceeding 2°5 in.) shortly
acuminate (dark green thinly pubescent beneath)... 5. O. parviflora.
Leaflets larger (4 in long) acute or subobtuse :—
Leaflets thinly pubescent beneath, pale-green,
7~9; branches thin; panicles lax, bracts small;
pubescence grey 6. QO. sumatrana,
Leaflets densely pabboacant henwath, Eyes ere |
11-13 ; branches very thick; panicles fastigiate,
bracts conspicuous; pubescence rusty ... 7 0. microsperma..
Leaflets sessile; pedicels almost equalling calyx ; ait
with thickly woody valves 1°35 in. wide, 1 in. thick .... 8. 0. venosa.

1. Onmosta scandens Prain. <A large aie Ae over 100 feet long
ar stem 6-S in. in diam.; branches glabrous. Leaves 12-15 in. long ;
leaflets 5-7, ovate- oblong or the terminal slightly obovate, coriaceous,
bright-green, quite glabrous on both surfaces, apex shortly acuminate |
base rounded, 6-9 in. long, 25-3 in, across; secondary nerves 13-18,
fine ultimate reticulations rather distinct beneath. Racemes in iki’
terminal panicles, 12 in. long 6 in. across, with pale- -tawny shortly
puberulous rachis and branches, pedicels ‘2 in. long, pale-tawny silky,
shorter than the calyx, with a minute deciduous on and 2 snbulate

147 *

148 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

apical persistent bracteoles, 08 in. long, close under calyx, Calyx *25 in.
long, finely grey-silky, three lower teeth deltoid as long as calyx-tube,
two upper subconnate into a shortly bifid upper lip, Cvrollu *35 in. long,
white with a reddish tinge, standard °25 in. across. Stamens quite free,
incurved, exserted. Ovary with line of hairs along upper suture, else-
where glabrous, pare style slightly contorted; ovules 3, Pod un-
known.

PERAK ; Larut, Kunstler 3560!

A very distinct species differing from the rest in its scandent hahit, Mr.
Kunstler speaks of it as rare.

-2. Ormosia MAcropisca Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 253. A large
tree with very thick grey glabrous branches. Leaves 8-10 in. long,
leaflets 7-9, oblong, very thick and rigid in texture, pale grey-green on
both surfaces, quite glabrous above, with a very sparse adpressed
pubescence of short hairs beneath, apex acute, base broadly rounded to
cuneate, 3-5 in. long, 1°25-2 in. broad, secondary veins 7-9 pairs, faintly
prominent beneath, . Racemes crowded in terminal fastigiate panicles,
6 in. long, 3 in. wide, with brown-silky puberulous rachis and branches,
pedicels ‘1-15 in., brown-silky, shorter than calyx, with a minute basal
and 2 minute apical persistent bracteoles clase under calyx. Calya °3 in,
long, finely brown-silky, three lower teeth two-thirds, two upper teeth
one-third as Jong as tube, all teeth oblong-obtuse, Corvllu °5 in. long,
white; standard ‘4 in. across. Stamens quite free, incurved, exserted.
Ovary glabrous, obliquely oblong, ovules 3. Pod hard thick irregularly
orbicular, 3 in. across “75 in. thick, at first flattened, at length turgid
opposite the usually solitary seed. Seed oblong, 1 in. long, ‘7 in. wide,
bright scarlet, with an adnate, black, pitted aril, ‘2 in, deep, embracing
its base. |

Manacca ; Maingay 600! Stncarore; Reedley 2103!

3. Ormosra GRractiis Prain. <A slender tree with very thin pale-
brown glabrous branches. Leaves 5-8 in. long, leaflets 7-9, ovate-lanceo-
late, chartaceous, pale grey-green on both surfaces, quite glabrous above,
with a very sparse adpressed pubescence of short hairs beneath, apex
caudate-acuminate, base cuneate, 2°5-3 in. long, 1 in. across, secondary
veins 8-9 pairs, very faint beneath not visible above. Itacemes in lax
terminal panicles, 5 in. across, with slender branches 6 in. long, faintly
adpressed grey-silky as is the rachis, pedicels grey-silky, 15 in. long,
very sleuder, rather shorter than calyx, with lanceolate basal bract,
‘08 in. long, and 2 very minute triangular apical bracteoles at base
of calyx. Calyx *25 in. long, firely silky, pale-green, teeth ovate-
lanceolate, longer thau calyx-tube except the two upper. Corolla pale-
yellow, 35 in, long; standard *25 in. across. Stamens quite free, much

148 .

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 149.

incurved, exserted. Ovary puberulous, ovate-lanceolate; ovules 2. Pod
hard, thick, irregularly oblong-ovate, with a short stalk and slightly
excentric acute point, 1°5 in. Jong, 1°25 in. wide, externally covered with
a pale blueish bloom; inside white. Seed usually solitary, oblong, *75
in, long, 6 in. wide, somewhat compressed, bright scarlet, with an adnate,
black, smooth aril, °15 in. deep, embracing its base.

Perak; Larut, Scortechini 324! Kunstler 4234! Wray 2979!

‘A very fine species ; near to O. macrodisca, but with a smaller pod and seed as
well as with smaller leaflets; the seed too has the black arillar portion unpitted.
It resembles O. glauca as to leaves thongh its leaflets are not quite so large ;
it has however larger seeds than Q. glauca has, and the seeds have a black hilum;
the seeds of O. glauca are all scarlet,

4. Ormosta niripA Prain, A tree 30-50 feet high, stem 2 feet in
circumference, with stout rusty-brown glabrescent branches. Leaves
5-7 in, long, leaflets 7, obovate or elliptic, base rounded, apex broadly
rounded and abruptly shortly cuspidate, very rigidly coriaceous, dark
glossy-green quite glabrous on both surfaces, terminal 25-4 in. long,
1-3-2 in. wide, rather exceeding the others, secondary nerves very,
slender, 12-15 pairs. Racemes in fastigiate terminal panicles, 6-8 in.
long, 5-6 in. across, rachis and branches faintly puberulous, pedicels
puberulous, ‘15 in. long, shorter than calyx, bracts and bracteoles de-
ciduous. Calyx ‘2 in. long, rather densely tawny-silky, teeth deltoid, the
3 lower as long as tube the two upper subcomnate into a 2-fid upper lip,
Corolla unknown, Pod irregularly oblong, 1 in. Jong *75 in. across, the

valves thinly woody, rigid, quite glabrous and black externally, brown
and not suberous within, with a short stalk equalling the calyx-tube,
Seed oval, usually if not always solitary, ciunabar-red, °35 in, long ‘3 in.
wide, without arillus. .

Perak ; Goping, in opeu jungle, local, Kunstler 6082! 3

This very distinct species has unfortunately only been reported in fruit. Its
pods are very like those of QO. microsperma or O. parvifolia but appear to have been
glabrous from the beginning. They differ, moreover, very markedly in being shortly
stipitate; the leaflets too, are of different shape = firmer texture, besides being
rok er glabrous on both surfaces.

98. Ormosta Parvirouia Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. HI, 253. A fairly
large tree with slender persistently brown-velvety branches. Leaves
6-8 in. long, leaflets 9-13, oblong, coriaceous, green, glossy aboy e, thinly
hairy beneath, apex shortly acuminate, base rounded, the terminal
rather larger than the others, 2-2°5 in. long, 6--7 in. wide, secondary
nerves fine and hardly raised beneath, 8-9 pairs. Itacemes in fastigiate
terminal panicles with rather short branches, 3-4 in. Jong, 2°5 in. wide,
with deusely brown-velvety rachis and branchies, pedicels brown-velvety,
very short, each with an ovate-lanceolate basal bract and with 2 ovate

149.

150° Materials for.a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

bracteoles under the calyx. Calyx ‘2 in. long, densely brown-silky, the
teeth triangular, the three lower as long as the calyx-tube the two upper
rather shorter. Corolla apparently white, °35 in. long, standard “25 in.
across. Stamens quite free, incurved, exserted. Ovary ovate, densely
silky, ovules 3. Pod orbicular, J-seeded, or obloug and lineate between
the seeds if 2-3-seeded, shortly stipitate, valves thin, rigid, at first
densely ‘silky soon glabrescent and black externally, reddish-brown
inside. Seeds ovoid, °3 in. long, *25 in. wide, cinnabar-red, without
arillus. Muacrotropis buncana Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 295.

Marascca; Griffith 1765! Maingay 614! Goodenouyh 1443 ! SINGAPORE ;
Ridley 5929! 8096! Panane; Ridley 1267! 5013! Disrris. Bunks,
(Leysmann 3405!) ; Borneo (Haviland 57!)

There is an authentic example of Macrotropis ? bancana Miq. at Calcutta ; i
belongs undoubtedly to this species.

6, OrmosiA suMATRANA Prain. A large tree with tomentose
rather slender ultimately glabrescent branches. Leaves 8-10 in. long,
leaflets 7-9 (very rarely 5), ovate or ovate-elliptic or obovate, obtusely
apiculate or subacuminate, base rounded, coriaceous, pale-green, glab-
tous somewhat glossy above, hirsute but at length glabrescent beneath
as are the rachis and petiolules, 2-4 in. long 1-175 in. wide, the ter-
minal exceeding the others, nerves 8-10 pairs, spreading rather pro-
minent beneath. Jtacemes in Jax terminal panicles, 6-8 in. long and
almost as wide, with pubescent rachis and branches; pedicels ‘1 in.
long, shorter than the calyx, bracts ‘1 in. long, oblong, very deciduous
as are the similar bracteoles at base of pedicels, the two bracteoles
under the calyx sub-persistent, lanceolate, ‘08 in. long. Calya ‘2 in.
externally tawny-pubescent, three lower teeth ovate-lanceolate shorter
than tube, the two upper subconnate in a 2-lobed upper lip. Corolla
pinkish-white with lilac-purple markings, *35 in. long, standard orbi- —
cular emarginate, ‘3 in. wide. S/amens quite exserted, incurved. Ovary
densely puberulous, almost always 3-ovuled. Pod irregularly orbicular
if l-seeded, 1 in. across, oblong and 1°7 in. long if 2-seeded, lineate
between the seeds, the valves thinly woody, rigid, black and clakuecneas
externally. Seed ovoid ‘4 ip. long, ‘35 in. wide, cinnabar-red without
arillus. Macrotropis sumatrana Miq. For. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 294.

Matacca; Brisu, Holmberg 735! Disrris, Sumatra (Leysmann
3618! Forbes 2592! 2648 !)

Though very closely related to the next species, this is nevertheless easily
distinguished by its different leaves and tomentum, its lax panicles, its smaller
flowers, and its larger seeds.

The Malacca plant here referred to 0. sumatrana has been only once collected ;
it has inflorescence and flowers exactly as in. O sumatrana but it has not yet been
sent in fruit. . While therefore we know that it differs from O. microsperma and from
O, venosa it is not absolutely certain that it exactly agrees with O, swmatrana.

150

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 151

7. Ormosia microsperma Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 253. A
tree 40 to 60 feet high with thick, densely brown-velvety branches.
Leaves 8-10 in. long, leaflets 11-13, oblong or obovate, acute or subobtuse,
base broadly rounded, rigidly coriaceous, dark-green, glabrous rathet
glossy above, densely persistently shortly brown-pubescent beneath as
ave the rachis and petiolules, 2°5-4 in. long 1-5-2 in. wide, secondary
nerves 7-9 pairs, slightly raised beneath. Racemes in ample terminal
fastigiate panicles, 8 in. long, 6 in. across, with densely velvety rachis
and branches ; pedicels ‘(07-12 in. long, much shorter than the calyx,
bracts ovate-lanceolate, densely velvety, persistent, *25 in. long, bracteoles
at base of pedicels similar but smaller (‘12 in, long), two bracteoles
close under calyx ‘1 in. long, oblong. Calywz ‘28 in, long, externally
densely velvety, 3 lower teeth as long as calyx 2 upper rather shorter.
‘Corolla white, ‘45 in. long, standard -35 in. wide, Stamens quite free,
exserted, incurved. Ovary densely velvety, 3-4-ovuled. Pod ‘6 in:
across, irregularly orbicular if l-seeded, oblong and I-1*2 in. long if
2-seeded, lineate between the seeds, the valves thinly woody, rigid,
glabrescent or persistently velvety. Seed ovoid '3 in. long, *25 in. wide;
cinnabar-red, without arillus.

Var. typica; pedicels very short, pods when ripe glabrescent.
O. coarctata Kurz, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLII, 2. 71 hardly of Jackson.

Matacea ; Griffith 1759! Maingay 532! Derry. 1090! Perak; near
Ulu Selangor, Kunstler 8767 !

Var. Ridleyi ; pedicels distinct, pods more rer 1 Hh Te pubescent,

Srncapore ; Selitar, Ridley, 5574!

The specimens collected by Dr. Griffith have been named id Mr. Hentiass

““Ormosia coarctata ? Jacks.” and those collected by Dr. Maingay have been defi-
nitely issued as Ormosia coarctata; Mr. Kurz too, has accepted this determination.
Mr. Baker however finds that the identification of Griffith's and Maingay’s
Malacca plant with O. coarctata Jackson Steen Linn. Soc. X, t. 25; a plant from
Guiana) cannot be sustained.
Ormosia microsperma is nearly related to O. swmatrana (Macretropis sumatrana
Miq.) and is also closely related to Chenolobium septemjugum Miq. and C. decem-
Jugum Miq. (Flor. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 302). Mr. Kurz reduces the genus Chenolobium
to Ormosia (Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLII, 2. 71); in this he is certainly right. He,
however, further considers that both plants are but forms of the same species and
that moreover they are both referable to O. microsperma. So far as the material
that was at Kurz’ disposal goes this appears to tlie writer to be a premature concln-
sion, and it seems better for the present to keep Miquel’s plants specifically apart.

Mr. Ridley’s plant from Singapore differs very considerably from the Perak and
Malacca one. , The.pods are described as hairy in the field note; they are so in the
specimens themselves, but those at Calcntta are not quite ripe. If the pods prove
to be quite persistently velvety it will probably be POPOUAEE to treat the plant as
a distinct species to be named 0. Ridleyi. ;

151

152 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

8. Ormosta VENOSA Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 254. A tall tree,
with branches densely persistently velvety-pubescent. Leaves 4-6 in.
long, leaflets 7, obovate-oblong, obtuse or subobtuse, base cuneate nearly
sessile on the rachis, rigidly coriaceous, greyish-green glabrous but dull
above, densely persistently tomentose beneath, 3-4 in, long 15-2 in.
across, terminal exceeding the rest, secondary nerves 10-12, distinctly
raised beneath, rachis densely velvety. Racemes terminal crowded, with
rather slender branches, 3-4 in. long and about as wide, rachis and
branches densely velvety ; pedicels +2 in. long, nearly equalling the calyx,
bracts ‘15 in. long, lanceolate, persistent, bracteoles at base of pedicels *l
in. long, 2 bracteoles under calyx minute but subpersistent. Calyx ‘25
in. long, densely velvety, teeth triangular, three lower as long as tube,
two upper subconnate. Corolla *35 in. long, apparently white, standard
‘3 in. across. Stamens incurved, exserted. Ovary velvety. Pod obtuse
or subacute, orbicular or oblong, obtuse or subacute, 1°5 in. long, 1°35 in,
across, ‘l in. thick, the valves very thickly woody, black and glabrous
externally. Seeds usually solitary, ovoid, ‘5 in. long, ‘4 im. wide, crim-
son-red, without arillus.

Maracca; Maingay 533!

A very distinct species.

Svzorper II. CxsAtPiniEz.

Trees or shrubs, very rarely herbs. Leaves pinnate or 2-pinnate
leaflets 1-co-paired, rarely simple or 1-foliolate, stipels usually 0, if
present very minute. Inflorescence racemose, rarely cymose, very rarely
spicate; axillary, lateral, or in terminal panicles. lowers irregular or
very rarely regular, 5-, less often 4-merous. Sepals 5, or 4 from fusion of
the upper two, divided to the summit of the disc that lines the short or
long calyx-tube, imbricate or rarely valvate, or very rarely united in a
toothed or lobed limb. Petals 5, or fewer by abortion, the upper inner-
most in bud, the others variously imbricate. Stamens 10, or fewer by
abortion, very rarely indefinite, free or rarely some or all more or less
connate; anthers various. Ovary free or united by its stipe to the disc-
bearing calyx-tube. Seeds various, albumen copious, scanty, or 0,
Radicle straight or slightly oblique, hidden between cotyledons, or short.
ly exserted.

_ Leaves simply pinnate or (Bauhinia) 1-foliolate :—

Anthers basifixed :—

Leaves even-pinnate; (petals 5) iat w. 44. Cassia.
Leaves odd-pinnate ; leaflets alternate : —

Petals 5; stamens 5; pod flat, med eps its

circumference, indehiscent ... a «. 45. KOOMPASSIA,

152

‘Y.
py

Le -
oe |
4

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 153

Petals 2 or 0; stamens 2; pod turgid subglobose,
wingless, dehiscent us wae .. 46. DIALium.

Anthers versatile :—
Corolla complete, i.e., with 5 petals ; sepals 5; (stamens

free) :—

ars with albumen ; leaves 1-foliolate 2-lobed, rarely

entire, rarely by fission 2-foliolate Ft 47. BAvHINIA.

Seeds withont albumen; leaves even- -pinnate, 9-3.

(rarely 1-) jugate ... hae eve ... 48. CYNOMETRA,
Corolla incomplete, i.e., with fewer than 5 petals;
sepals 4 :—

Petals present; sepals green; (leaflets even-pin-

nate) :—

Petals 3; stamens 3 monadelphous... .- 49, TAMARINDUS,

Petal solitary :—
Calyx-lobes subvalvate ; stamens monadelphous
9, allor only 2 perfect, funiculus of seed thick

arillate a vee ve OO. SINDORA.
Calyx-lobes much iibeinated : 3; stamens free 3 .,, 51. A¥FZELIA.
Petals 0; sapals coloured :—
Leaflets even-pinnate; stamens 3-8 .,, «. 52. SARACA.
Leaflets alternate; stamens 8-10_ a “,. Ode CRUDIA,.

Leaves 2-pinnate ; (anthers versatile) :—
Calyx segments subequal; stigma mibhiate ee 54. PELTOPHORUM,
Calyx segments manifestly unequal, the lowest lobe putas
late larger than the rest :—

Pod wingless Pia at ans 1» 55, C2SALPINIA,
Pod winged :—
Wing extending all along the upper suture ... 56. MEZONEURON.
Wing apical, (pod samaroid) ... a .« 5%, PreRoLoBium.

44, Cassia Linn,

Erect shrubs or trees, rarely herbs. Leaves simple, abruptly
pinnate. Flowers usually large and showy, in axillary racemes and
terminal panicles. Calyx-tube very short; sepals broad or narrow,
imbricated. Petals 5, imbricated, subequal, usually broad. Stamens
normally 10, but rarely all perfect, 3-5 being often reduced to stamino-
dia or altogether absent ; anthers mostly but not invariably basifixed,
dehiscing by terminal pores or with the slit more or less continued lon-
gitudinally. Ovary sessile or stalked, many-ovuled; style incurved,

_ stigma terminal. Pod very variable, terete or flat, usually septate, the

albumiuous seeds flattened, sometimes parallel with the valves, some- —
times with the septa, dry, dehiscent or indehiscent. Species 340, spread
every where in the tropics, a few extra-tropical.

153 C-

154 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

‘rees shrubs or stout herbs with large leaflets and
with obtuse sepals :—
Stamens 10, all fertile :—

Lowest 2-3 stamens larger than the rest, pods

terete indehiscent (§ Fistula) =
Flowers pink, in dense corymbs, bracts large
persistent :—

Leaflets acute, corymbs from old nodes below
leaves, sepals green, petals acute ... as
Leaflets obtuse, corymbs among leaves, sepals
brown to purple, petals obtuse... abs
Flowers yellow, in lax racemes, bracts small
deciduous me — eee
Lowest stamens not exceeding the vat. pods flat,
dehiscent (§ Psilorhegma) ... ane ae
Stamens 7 only fertile; the 3 upper reduced to ita
minodes (§ Senna); pods dehiscent, usually more or
less compressed) :—

Leaves with glands on the common rachis :—
Glands between the bases of two opposed lea-
flets; leaflets obtuse, pods with oblique dissepi-
ments ; seeds rhombohedral :—

Glands between each of the two lower pairs of
leaflets; pedicels short, pods subquadrate ...
Gland between lowest pair of leaflets only;
pedicels long, pods subterete oat
Glands far below leaflets and near base of peGata: ;
leaflets acute, pods with transverse dissepiments ;
seeds ovate, compressed :—
Calyx, leaves and podsdensely tomentose;
flowers in subsessile axillary pairs i
Calyx, leaves and pods glabrous; flowers in
axillary corymbs :—
Leaflets 3-5 pairs; pods flattened —
Leaflets 8-12 pairs; pods turgid

Leaves with rachis channelled above, barred ice

versely between the leaflets but without glands :—
Shrubs with flowers in strobilate subspicate ra-
cemes; pods winged along the valves; leaflets
reaching 6 in. os a
Tees with flowers in mete of corymbs; pods
not winged ; leaflets not exceeding 2°5 in. :—

Stipules large persistent; pod thin-valved
flexible, with narrow sutures ke
Stipules small deciduous ; pod with coriaceons

L

2.

3.

4,

10.

Ae 4

rigid valves, sutures thickened... rye *

Slender herbs or undershruebs with very small leaflets
and with acute sepals (§ Chamecrista) :—
Leaflets linear minute (‘15 iu. long); pedicels 1 in.

154

C. nodosa,
C. javanica.
C. Fistula.

C. glauca.

C. Tora.

C. obtusifolia.

C. hirsuta.

C. occidentalis.
C. Sophera.

C. alata.

C. timoriensis.

C. siamea.

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 155

bracteolate above middle ; pod 20-25-seeded ; stamens

all fertile alternately short and long — ... 13. C. mimosoides.

Leaflets oblong (‘4 in. long, ‘15 in. wide); pedicels °3

in. bracteolate below middle; pod 8-16-seeded ; sta-

mens unequal 1-3 upper often sterile mee «. 14. C. Leschenaultiana.

§ 1. Fisruta DC Sepals obtuse, stamens all antheriferous, the
2-3 lowest larger than the rest aud with longer filaments. Pods inde-
hiscent, stipitate, very long, terete with thin brittle ligneous dissepi-
ments between the numerous seeds which are embedded in suberous
wad-like discs between the partitions.
|. Cassta noposA Ham. in Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31. A tree 40-50
feet high, stem 10-15 inches across, branches spreading, branchlets
black glabrous except for the slightly downy tips. Leaves equally
pinnate 9-10 in, long; leaflets chartaceous 6-12 pairs, opposite, oblong,
base rounded, apex shortly acuminate, 2-2°5 in. long, 1-1:25 in. wide,
bright green, glabrous and shining above, dull and slightly pubescent,
especially on the nerves, beneath ; Jateral nerves spreading 12-16 pairs,
slender but visible beneath, petiolules *15 in. long, puberulous as is the
leaf-rachis, Flowers in corymbs 2-3 in, long, from old nodes along the
branches, peduncles solitary or 2-4 together, puberulous simple very
rarely branched, | in. long, bracts ovate-lanceolate persistent, puberulous,
‘25 in. long, pedicels puberulous the lower 1°5 in. long. Calyx 5-partite
to the base, lobes subequal green, ovate-obtuse, hoary. Petals 5, sub-
equal, carnation to white with a flush of pink, ‘6—'7 in. long, 25 in, wide
ovate-acute, distinctly clawed. Stamens 10, all antheriferiferous, the 3
lowest with longer nodose filaments and larger anthers than the others.
Pod terete, rather distinctly annulated, ‘5 in. in diam., 1°5-2 feet long,
glossy black with thin brittle ligneous transverse dissepiments between
the 60-90 seeds each of which is embedded in a suberous disc °5 in.
across ‘2 in. thick. Seeds broadly ovate smooth slightly shining, *35 in.
long, *3 in across, *2 in. thick, testa pale warm-brown. Wall. Cat.
5351; Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 336; Wight, Ic. t. 410; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. II, 261. | ;

_ ANDAMANS; King’s Collectors! Matacca; Griffith! Maingay 596!
Bukit Tampin, Goodenough 1912! Brisu, Derry 537! Sadanan Reserve, —
Derry 588! Selandan, Goodenough 125! Penang; Waterfall, Curtis
1576! Perak; Chanderiang, Kunstler 5722! near Ulu Kerling,
Kunstler 8732! Goping, Kunstler 4364! Scortechint 1934! Panane;
Makang, Ridley 1359! Duisrris. Indo-China, from Sylhet and Chitta-
gong southwards and eastwards; Sumatra (Forbes 1748! 2669!) ;
Borneo (Haviland!)

The Malay names given for this are Siboosok (Goodenough 1912); Busok-busok
(Derry 537); and S’busu (Goodenough 125; Derry 588). This name it shares with —

155

156 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

C. javanica, It seems that this species does not oceur in Java, where C. javanica is
its representative.

2. Cassia gAvantca Linn. Sp. Pl. 379. A tree 30-40 feet high,
branches spreading; branchlets black glabrous except for the slightly
downy tips, Leaves equally pinnate 9-15 in. long; leaflets chartaceous
8-20 pairs, opposite, oblong, base rounded, apex obtuse, 1°5-2 in. long,
‘75—9 in. wide, bright-green, glabrescent and sliglitly shining above,
dull and uniformly puberulous beneath, lateral nerves rather oblique
10-12 pairs, slender but visible beneath, petiolules -15 in. long, puberu-
lous as is the leaf-rachis. Flowers in corymbs 6-10 in. long, terminal
and from leaf-axils, sometimes paniculately branched, peduncles solitary,
often with 1-2 small foliage leaves with 2-4 pairs of leaflets, puberulous,
4—6 in. long, bracts ovate-lanceolate *4-"5 in. long, persistent, puberulous,
pedicels puberulous the lowest 15 in. long. Calyx 5-partite to the
base, lobes subequal crimson to purple-brown, ovate-obtuse, hoary.
Petals 5 subequal, rose-pink, ‘8-1 in. long, °35 in. wide, broadly spathu-
late obtuse, distinctly clawed. Stamens 10 all antheriferous, the 3 lowest
with nodose larger filaments and larger anthers. Pod terete, not very
distinctly annulated, ‘75 in. in diam., ]°25-1°5 feet long, glossy black, with
tlin brittle ligneous transverse dissepiments between the 50-75 sceds
each of which is embedded im a suberous disc -*75 in. across ‘2 in. thick.
Seeds broadly ovate, smooth slightly shining, °35 in. long, ‘3 in. across,
*2 in. thick, testa pale warm-brown. DC. Prodr. II, 490; Wall. Cat.
5309; Benth. Pl. Jungh. 259; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat, I, 90; Bak. in
Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 267; Koord. & Val. Bijdr. II, 8. C. Baeillus Gaertn.
Fruct. J, 313; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31; Flor. Ind. IL, 837; Wight, Ic.
252. Rumph. Herb. Amboin. I], 82, t. 22.

Prrak; Thaipeng, Wray 4020! Distrin. Sumatra (Forbes 1275!) ;
Java,

Mr. Wray is the only collector who has sent this very distinct species to CaJeutla
from the Malay Peninsula. The Malay name of this Mr. Wray gives as Sibusu,

a circumstance that canses no surprise when it is considered how very closcly
related this species and C. nodosa undoubtedly are.

3. Cassta Fistuta Linn. Sp, Pl. 377. A tree 20-40 feet high with
spreading branches and glabrous. branchlets, Leaves equally pinnate
8-16 in. long; leaflets coriaceous 4—6 pairs, ceveloping successively,
opposite, ovate, tapering from below the middle to a narrow point, base
wide-cuneate, 2-6 in. long, 1°5-3°5 in. wide, bright-green, glabrous
shining above, dull and paler beneath when young clothed with a close
but very caducous silvery pubescence; lateral nerves obliquely spread-
ing 10-20 pairs, slender but visible above somewhat prominent heneath,
petiolules ‘2 in. long stoutish, glabrous as is the leaf-rachis. Flowers in

156 ove

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 157

long Jax racemes 12-20 in. long, bracts minute caducons, pedicels glab-
rous 1-5-2 in. long. Calyx 5-partite to the base, segments broadly
spathulate ‘25 in. long, finely pnbernlous. Petals 5 subequal, obovate
shortly clawed, *8—-] in. long, 6-7 in. wide. Stamens 10 all antheriferous, -
the 3 lowest with larger and thicker but not nodose filaments, and with
larger anthers. Pod terete, *9-1 in. thick, not at all annulated, 1-2 feet
Jong, dull black with thin brittle ligneous transverse dissepiments
between the 50-90 seeds each of which is embedded in a suberous dise
*8—9 in. across, ‘2 in. thick. Seeds broadly ovate smooth shining, °35
in. Jong, *3 in. across, ‘2 in. thick, testa pale warm-brown. DC. Prodr.
II, 488; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31; Fl. Ind. II, 333; Wall. Cat. 9302 ;
W.& A. Prodr. 285; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 89; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind.
TI, 261; Koord. & Val. Bijdr. II, 1l. ©. thombifolia Roxb. Hort.
Beng. 31; Flor. Ind. IT, 334; Wight Ic. t. 269.

Manacca; fide Baker in Flor. Brit. Ind. Anpamans; planted,
conimou,

This is the well-known Amaltds or “ Tndian Laburnum ” undoubtedly a native of
India but, not in the writer's opinion, entitled to be considered an indigenous tree in
Malaya; indeed none of the Malayan botanists have sent specimens to Calentta.
Mr. Baker however alludes to specimens at Kew from Malacca; possibly it is plant-
ed in the other provinces also. In the Andamans it only occars as a planted tree.

§ 2. PsitormeGMA Vogel. Sepals obtuse, stamens all antheriferous,
anthers all subequal. Pods compressed, dehiscent, the ea
between the seeds membranous.

4, Cassia GraucA Lamk ere Meth. I, 647. A small tree 15-20
feet high with glabrous terete branches ; stem 4-6 in. in diam. Leaves
equally pinnate 6-9 in. long; leaflets 4-6 pairs opposite, membranous
or subcoriaceous, pale-green glabrous above, very glaucous and sparsely
adpressed-puberulous or glabrous beneath, ovate-acute, base cuneate,
2-4 in. long, 1-2 in. wide, lateral nerves 10-12 pairs indistinct,
petiolules *15 in. long, puberulous as is the rachis which is faintly
channelled above and furnished with long conical glands between each
of the 2-3 lowest pairs of leaflets ; stipules faleate narrowly lanceolate
‘35 in. long, caducous. Flowers in axillary corymbs 4 in. long, 2°5 in,
across, the peduncles 2 in. long; lower pedicels 1-25 in. long, sae
solitary in the axils of small aes caducous bracts glabrous as are the
peduncles. Calyx 5-partite to the base, segments very unequal, pale-
yellow, glabrous, all orbicular, the outer ‘2, the others ‘3 in. across.
Petals 5 subequal, spreading, broadly ovate-obtuse shorily clawed, } in.
long, ‘75 in. across, pale-primose with faint greenish-yellow veins.
Stamens 10 subequal. Pod straight flat very thin, dehiscent, linear,
tapering to both ends, flexible, dull, slightly compressed between the
seeds, valves thinly coriaceous, 6-8 in. long, ‘5—"7 in. wide, with a stalk

157

_

158 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

‘5-6 in. long. Seeds biseriate, 20-30, oval, *25 in. long, ‘15 in. wide,
very thin, testa dark-brown shining. DC. Prodr. IJ, 495; Wall. Cat.
5312; W.& A. Prodr. 289; Bedd. Flor. Sylvat. 91; Mig. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 96; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IJ, 265. ©. swrattensis Burm. Flor.
Ind. 97. CO. arborescens Vahl. Symb. III, 56; Roxb, Hort. Beng. 31.
Senna arborescens Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 340.

Penanc; Kunstler 1473! Curtis! Matacca; cultivated, Maingay
595! Perak; Simpang, Wray 2051! Disrris. 8.-E. Asia generally, but
often, perhaps usually cultivated.

§ 3. Senna Bth, & Hk. f. Sepals obtuse, perfect stamens 7,
the 3 uppermost reduced to staminodes, the remainder subequal or the
lowest 2-8 with longer filaments and larger anthers than the rest. Pods
compressed, rarely subterete, usually dehiscent, the dissepiments between
the seeds membranous. |

5. Cassta Tora Linn. Sp. Pl. 376. An annual fcetid herb or
undershrub 2-3 feet high. Leaves equally pinnate, distinctly petioled,
3-4 in. long; leaflets 3 pairs opposite, membranous, glaucous, obovate-
oblong, uppermost leaflets 2 in. long 1 in. wide, lowest pair 1-1:25 in.
long *75 in. wide, apex equally acute, base slightly obliquely rounded,
glabrous or puberulous on both surfaces, lateral nerves 8-10 pairs,
oblique straight rather pronounced beneath, petiolules ‘1 in. long,
puberulous as is the rachis which is deeply grooved above and fur-
nished with a long conical gland between each of the two lowest
pairs of leaflets ; stipules linear *75 in. long, caducous. Flowers
usually in subsessile pairs in axils of the leaves the upper crowded,
their common peduncle even in fruit not exceeding ‘lo in., usually
shorter, the pedicels even in fruit not exceeding ‘35 in. Calyx 5-partite
to base, segments green ovate-acute glabrous spreading, °2 in. long.
Petals 5 subequal, spreading, pale-yellow, °3 in. long, *2 in. wide, oblong-
obtuse, the standard retuse. Stamens 7 (the 3 upper replaced by stami-
nodes) subequal, anthers brown. Pod 6-8 in. long, ‘15 in. wide, nearly
tetragonous, obliquely septate, the valves puberulous membranous not
reticulated, sutures broad. Seeds 25-30, rhombohedral, long axis in

direction of pod, ‘15 in. long, ‘1 in. thick, brown, shining. Linn. Sp.
Pl. ed. IT. 538 (excl. syn. Roy. Lugd. and excl. var. B.); DC. Prodr.

Tl, 493; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31; Collad. Hist. Cass. 96; Wall. Cat.
5316; W. & A. Prodr. 290 excl. var. B.; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 90,
excl. var. B.; Bak, in Flor. Brit. Ind. I], 263 in part only. (©. Tagera
Lamk. Encye. Meth. I, 643 not of Linn. C. fetida Salish. Prodr. 326.
C. gallinaria Collad. Hist. 96. C. obtusifolia Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. II,
539 as to all the citations except Sloane, Hist. Jamaica, but not as to the
plant; Lour. Flor, Coch. Chin. 823; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 95 excl.
158 .

nd

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 159

vaR. B. Senna Tora Roxb. Flor. Ind. IT, 340. Rumph. Herb. Amboin.
V, t. 97, f.3; Rheede, Hort. Malab. IT, t. 53.

ANDAMANS; very common throughout the Settlement. PERAK ;
Kwala Dipong, Scortechint 1750! Disrris. A wide-spread weed in
S.-H. Asia.

This is sometimes spoken of as cosmopolitan in the tropics and possibly it has

now become introduced in the New World. But if so, it is not common there and
the writer has never seen an American specimen.

6. Cassia optusiroLi1A Linn. Sp. Pl. 377. An annual bland herb
or undershrub 2-7 feet high. Leaves equally pinnate, distinctly petioled
3-4 in. long; leaflets 3 pairs opposite, membranous, green, obovate-
oblong, uppermost leaflets 2 in. long, 1 in. wide, lowest pair 1-1°25 in.
long, 75 in. wide, apex broadly equally deltoid, base slightly obliquely °
rounded, glabrous or puberulous on both surfaces, lateral nerves 8-10
pairs, oblique straight faint on both surfaces, petiolules under ‘1 in. pub-
erulous as is the rachis which is deeply grooved above and is furnished
with a long conical gland between the lowest pair of leaflets; stipules
linear ‘75 in. long, caducous. Flowers usually in subsessile pairs in axils
of the leaves the upper crowded, their common peduncle even in fruit not
exceeding ‘15 in. usually shorter, the pedicels even in flower 1-1:25 in.
long. Calyzx 5-partite to the base, segments green ovate-acute glabrous,
spreading, ‘25 in. long. Petals 5 subequal, spreading, bright-yellow, °5
in. long, -35 in. wide, oblong-obtuse, the standard truncate. Stamens 7
(the 3 upper replaced by staminodes) subequal, anthers brown. Pod
8-10 in. long, ‘2 in. wide, sub-terete, obliquely septate, the valves
glabrous, membranous, distinctly transversely reticulated, sutures broad.
Seeds 30-35, rhombohedral, ‘2 in. long, ‘15 in. thick, brown shining,
Linn. Sp. Pl, ed. II, 539 as to the plant but excl. the ref. to Dillenius
and to Rumphius ; DC. Prodr. II, 493; Collad. Hist. Cass. 95. C. toroides
Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31. CO. humilis Collad. Hist. Cass. 96. OC. Tora var.
B. Linn. Sp. Pl. 376. ©. Tora var. B. W. & A. Prodr. 291 excl. refer-
ences to Rheede and to Lamarck ; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. J, 95. C. Tora Bak,
in Flor. Ind. Bat. 11, 263 in part, not of Linn. C. obtusifolia var, B. Mig.

Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 96, not var, a. Senna toroides Roxb. FI. Ind. II, 340.
SINGAPORE; common, Hullett 102! Kunstler 124! Drsrrtp. Native
in Tropical America; now introduced and, here and there, fairly com-
mon in South-Eastern Asia,

Dr. Roxburgh was at some pains to point out how different this species is from
C. Tora. The confusion of indentification originated with Linneeus himself and has —
been perpetuated owing to the fondness that many authors have for books and names
as compared with plants and facts.

7. Cassia HirsuTA Linn, Sp. Pl. 378. A diffuse tomentose under- —
159

160 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

shrub 2-5 feet high usually of annual duration. Leaves equally pinnate
4S in, long; leaflets 3-6 (rarely 2) pairs, opposite, membranous, green,
footid, ovate-acuminate with cnneate base, rather densely pilose on both
surfaces, 1°5-3'5 in. long, 1-1:5 in. wide, lateral nerves about 6 pairs
straight ascending, petiolules very short pilose as is the leaf-rachis which
has a single large gland 2 in. above its base; stipules subulate mem-
branous °35 in. long. Flowers usually in subsessile pairs in axils of
leaves, the upper crowded, their common peduvcle even in fruit not
exceeding ‘15 in., pedicels in fruit 5 in. long, erect, rigid, pilose. Calyx
5-partite to base, segments pale, ovate-subacute, pilose externally, *25 in,
long. Petals 5, subequal, spreading, bright-yellow, ‘40 in. long, “20 in.
wide ovate-oblong obtuse. Stamens 7 (the 3 upper replaced by stami-
nodes) the 3 lower longer and with larger anthers than the two lateral
pairs; anthers brown. Pod slightly falcate, 6-8 in. long, ‘25 in. wide,
subterete, faintly transversely septate, the valves densely villous, papery,
very faintly reticulated and faintly depressed between the seeds, sutures
broad. Seeds 90-120, ovate, small, dull-brown, ‘]& in. long, *1 in. wide,
‘07 in, thick. DC. Prodr. II, 497; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I, 263. C.
tomentosa Wall. Cat. 5304 not of Linn.

Srycarore; very common, Anderson 44! Hullett 75! Kunstler 317!
Distris. An American weed now naturalised in many parts of S.-H.
Asia.

8. OassraA occrpenTatis Linn. Sp. Pl. 377. A diffuse subglabrous
undershrub 2-5 feet high usually of annual duration. Leaves equally
pinnate 6-8 in. long ; leaflets 3-5 pairs opposite, membranous, glaucous,
foetid, ovate-oblong with rounded base, tapering to an acuminate tip,
glabrous above, glabrous or finely pubescent beneath, 1-3 in. long, *5-1°25
in. wide; lateral nerves 6-10 pairs spreading, petiolules very short
glabrous as is the leaf-rachis which has a single large globose gland at
its base. Flowers in axillary short-peduncled few-fid. corymbs arranged
in a terminal panicle, bracts white with pink tinge, thin, ovate-acuminate,
caducous, ‘5 in. long; pedicels “15-2 in. long, sparsely puberulous, spread-
ing, in fruit reaching ‘5 in. long, ascending, rigid. Calyx 5-partite to
base, segments white faintly tinged with pink, glabrous, membranous,
obtuse, *3 in. long. Petals 5 subequal, yellow very faintly veined with ©
orange, ‘5 in. long, *3 in. wide, ovate-obtuse. Stamens 7, (the 3 upper
replaced by staminodes) the 3 lower longer and with larger anthers than
the two lateral pairs; anthers brown. Pod slightly faleate, compressed,
transversely septate, sutures rigid, valves depressed between the 20-30
seeds, 4-5 in. long, °35 in. wide, ‘2 in. thick. Seeds broadly ovate, small,
pale-brown, ‘2 in. long, ‘15 in. across, ‘1 in. thick. DC, Prodr. II, 497 ;
Roxb Hort. Beng. 31; Bot. Reg. t. 83; W. & A. Prodr. 290; Mig.

160 |

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 161

Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 94; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. TI, 262. (©. fetida Pers.
Synops. I, 457. 0. Sophera Wall. Cat. 5317 L, not of Linn. Senna
ined Roxb, Flor. Ind. I, 348.

In all the Provinces, a very common weed of waste alee DISTRIB.
Cosmopolitan in the tropics but in all probability derived originally
from America and only introduced in the Old World.

Mr. Baker describes the flowers as pale lilac; this they appear never to be in
South-Eastern Asia.

9. Cassta Sopnera Linn. Sp. Pl. 379. A diffuse sub-glabrous
shrub 8-10 feet high, annual or subperennial. Leaves equally pinnate
8-10 in. long; leaflets 8-12 pairs opposite, membranous, glaucous, lanceo-
late with cuneate base, apex acuminate, glabrous, 2-3 in. long *5-'75 in.
wide; lateral veins 10-12 pairs spreading; petiolules very short
glabrous as is the leaf-rachis which has a single large conical gland
‘2-25 in. above its base. Fvowers in axillary distinctly peduncled few-
fid. corymbs, bracts green ovate-acute minute caducous, ‘15 in. long,
pedicels -25 in. long sparsely puberulous spreading; in fruit reaching
°5 in. long ascending rigid. Calyx 5-partite to base, segments green
glabrous firmly membranous obtuse ‘25 in long. Petals 5 subequal,
yellow, hardly at all veined, °5 in. long, ‘3 in, wide, ovate-obtuse.
Stamens 7 (the 3 upper replaced by staminodes) the 3 lower longer
and with larger anthers than the two lateral pairs, (sometimes one of
these also reduced to a staminode). Pod slightly falcate, turgid,
transversely septate, sutures slender, valves not depressed between the
30-40 small seeds, 3-4 in. long, °35 in. wide, °2 in. thick, Seeds broadly
ovate rather dark-brown, ‘24 in. long, ‘15 in. across; ‘1 in. thick. DC.
Prodr. II, 492; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31; Wall. Cat. 5317 partly ; W. & A.
Prodr. 237; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 92; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I, 262.
C. esculenta Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31. C. chinensis Jacq. Ic. t. 73. C.
frutescens Mill. Dict. n, 2. ©. coromandeliana Jacq. Fragm. 67, t. 100.
Senna Sophera Roxb. Fl. Iud, IT, 347. S. esculenta Roxb. FI. Ind. I,
346. Rumph. Herb. Amboin. V, 283, t, 97, f. 1. .

ANDAMANS; much less common than O. occidentalis. Penane; fide
Baker. Dosis. Originally American, now cosmopolitan in the tropics.

This species has not been sent by any Malayan botanist to the Calcutta
Herbarium. Its presence in Penang is however mentioned by Mr. Baker; the
collector’s name is not given. It was not Dr. Wallich; Wallich’s Malayan he
Sophera”’ (Cat. 5317 L.) is all C. occidentalis. It is strange that though this species
appears to have been earlier of introduction to—at all events to have been longer

known—in §.-E. Asia, it is now, though almost equally wide-spread, much ear
*‘common” than the more recently introduced C. occidentalis.

10. Cassra arava Linn. Sp. Pl. 378. A shrub 5-8 feet high with
very thick finely downy branches; stem often 4-5 in. thick, scarred —
16]

162 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

with cicatrices of fallen leaves and marked by the persistent rather
rigid stipules. Leaves equally pinnate 1-2 feet long; leaflets 8-14
pairs opposite, rigidly chartaceous, green, linear-oblong to oblong,
obtuse ox emarginate, apiculate, base obliquely rounded or truncate,
glabrous on both surfaces or sometimes obscurely downy beneath,
gradually increasing in size from base upwards, 2-6 in. long, 1-2°5 in.
wide, lateral nerves 10-15 pairs ascending curved towards extremities,
distinct above and very prominent beneath, secondary venation beneath
distinct ; petiolules very short glabrous as is the leaf-rachis, which is
deeply channelled above with firm yellow borders and with transverse
ridges occasionally slightly apiculate in the middle between each pair
of leaflets, but with no true gland; stipules ‘25 in. long, auriculate,
rigid, pointed, persistent. Flowers in peduncled subspicate racemes,
6-18 in, long, at first enveloped in large membranous strobilate yellow
caducous bracts °75 in. long, ‘6 in. wide, ovate, subacate or obtuse ;
pedicels “15 in, (in fruit ‘25 in.) long, very finely puberulous as is the
thick rachis. Calya 5-partite to base, segments spathulate obtuse, 1 in.
long, ‘6 in. wide, yellow, membranous, glabrous. Petals 5 subequal, bright
yellow veined with orange, ovate-orbicular shortly clawed, 1-25 in. long,
‘75 in. wide. Stamens 7 (the 3 upper reduced to staminodes) the 3
lowest with long filaments and two of these with very large anthers ;
the two lateral pairs with short filaments and small anthers. Pod
straight rigid divaricately spreading glabrous dehiscent, 6 in. long 8
in. wide, sutures narrow, valves with a crenulated chartaceous wing
-35 in. wide running from end to end. Seeds 50-60 flattened, triangu-
lar, the sides straight with acute point at hilum, the base somewhat
yvounded, -25 in. long, ‘2 in. wide, ‘1 in. thick, testa smooth shining
brown. DOC. Prodr, iJ, 492; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31; Wall. Cat. 5301;
W. & A. Prodr. 287; Wight, Ic. t. 253; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. 1, 93;
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 264. C. bracteata Linn. f. Suppl. 232 ; DC.
Prodr. 11, 492. C. herpetica Jacq. Obs. II, 24, t. 45, f.2. Senna alata
Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 349,.

ANDAMANS; common, King! Prain! Perak; Scortechini ! Matacca ;
Grifith ! Disrris. Cosmopolitan in the tropics.

J). Cassia timorieNsis DC. Prodr. II, 499. A shrub or small
tree 6-30 feet high, with virgate pubescent branches. Leaves equally
pinnate, 1-1°5 feet long ; leaflets 16-24 pairs, opposite, membranous, pale-
green, glabrescent to densely pubescent above, sparsely pubescent to
softly densely tomentose beneath, lanceolate-oblong with a fine point at
the rounded apex and with obliquely rounded base, 1-1°76 in. long,
*35-65 in. wide, lateral nerves 8-10 pairs inconspicuous, petiolules *07
in, long, pubescent as is the rachis which is channelled above and trans-

162

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 163

versely barred between the leaflets; stipules lanceolate to auricnlate
foliaceous persistent, usually larger in the region of the inflorescence,
25 in. long, Flowers in a large erect terminal panicle extending into
the axils of the upper leaves, 1-125 feet long, 6 in. across, composed of
alternate corymbs 2-3 in. long, 1*5 in. across; lower pedicels 1 in, long,
solitary in axils of small deciduous bracts, rusty- or yellow-pubescent as
are the branches and main-rachis. Calyx 5-partite to base, segments
distinctly unequal, oblong-obtuse, densely pubescent outside, the larger
*3 in. the smaller ‘2 in. long. Petuls 5 oblong, *6 in. Jong, *3 in. wide,
bright-yellow faintly veined with orange. Stamens 7 (the 5 upper
reduced to staminodes) the 3 lower with longer filaments but not much
larger anthers than the two lateral pairs. Pod straight, flat, very thin,
dehiscent, linear, slightly tapering to both ends, glossy and flexible,
valves thinly coriaceous, 5-6 in. long, °5 in. wide, with a stalk °3 in, long.
Seeds biseriate, 16-20, oval-obtuse °25 in. long, ‘2 in. across, very thin,
testa dark brown, shining, with a dull paler vertical central patch.

Var. typica; leaflets glabrescent above, sparsely pubescent beneath,
stipules of the upper leaves narrower. CO. tumoriensis Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat.
I, 99; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 265; Koord. & Val. Bijdr. II, 13.

Kenan; Coah Langkawi, Curtis 2094! Dusrris. India; Indo-
China; Malay Archipelago.

Var. wanthocoma Miq.; leaflets pubescent above, densely golden-
tomentose beneath, stipules of the upper leaves very broad. C. palmata
Wall. Cat, 5306 A. C. wanthocoma Mig. Analect. Ind. I, 10. OC. timo-
riensts VAR, xanthocoma Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 99. C. timoriensis VAR.
chrysocomu Koord. & Val. Bijdr. IT, 14.

Perak; Kwala Dipong, growing near limestone, Kunstler 8255!
Scortechint 1751! Goping, Kunstler 689! Ulu Bubong, Kunstler 10087!
Disrris. Tenasserim, Malay Archipelago. ;

The two varieties are very easily distinguished but they do not differ at all in
essentials. The Bornean specimens of C. xanthocoma first received by Miquel were

without fruit; on seeing pods that author himself very justly reduced his species, as
a variety, to 0. timoriensis.

12. Cassia stamea Lamk Encyc. ‘Meth. I, 648. A tree 30-50 feet
high with smooth bark and spreading branches; stem 12-18 in. in diam.
Leaves equally pinnate, 6--12 in. long; leaflets 4-16 pairs, opposite,
subcoriaceous, rather dark-green shining above, dnll and_ paler
beneath, oblong-obtuse or retuse minutely mucronate, base rounded,
1°25-2°5 in. long, *6—9 in: wide, lateral nerves 10-12 pairs obscure above |
_ fine but distinct beneath, petiolules distinct ‘1 in, long, glabrous as is
the rachis which is channelled and is transversely barred between the
leaflets above but is without glands; stipules minute subulate caducous,

163

164 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Flowers in large erect terminal panicles extending into the axils of the
upper leaves, 8-16 in. long, 6-8 in. across, composed of alternate crowded
corymbs 3-4 in, long, 2 in. across; lower pedicels 1 in. Jong solitary in
axils of small lanceolate bracts ‘2 in. long, grey-pubescent as are the
branches and main rachis. Oalyx 5-partite to base, segments distinctly
unequal, ovate-obtuse, greenish-yellow, downy externally, the larger °35
in. the smaller ‘2 in. long. Petals 5 suborbicular, °75 in. long, °6 in.
wide, except the upper obcordate "6 in. long, °5 in. wide, all rather
pale uniform-yellow. Stamens 7 (the 3 upper reduced to staminodes)
the 3 lower with much larger anthers and longer filaments than the
2 lateral pairs. Pod nearly straight, flat, thin, slightly swollen opposite
the seeds, sutures faintly (iickamad valves thickly coriaceous, sparsely
puberulous, 6-9 in. long, ‘5 in. wide, with a distinct stalk ‘5 in. long.
Seeds biseriate 20-30, oval, °3 in, long, ‘25 in. across, very thin, testa
dark-brown, shining. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 264, © florida Vahl.
Symb. III, 57; DC. Prodr. Il, 499; W. & A. Prodr. 288; Bedd. FI.
Sylv. t. 179; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 98. ©. sumatrana Roxb. Hort.
Beng, 31; DC. Prodr. II, 506; Wall. Cat. 5305. Senna sumatrana
Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 34:7.

Perak; near Ulu Selangor, Kunstler 8668! Blanja, Wray 147!
Matacca; Brisu, Holmberg 869! Panayc; Pulo Rumpit, Ridley 2648 !
Distris. India, Indo-China, Malay Archipelago.

Mr. Wray gives the local name of this in Perak as Pako Nennong and notes that
the wood is strovg and tough. Mr. Holmberg gives the name in Malacca as Judi.

§ 4. Cuamacrista DC. Sepals narrow ; stamens 5 or 10 all perfect
equal, or with the uppermost oue smaller than the others and sometimes
replaced by a staminode. Pod dehiscent small strap-shaped, flat, the
seeds compressed parallel with the more or less oblique valves.

13. Cassia mimosorpes Linn. Sp. Pl. 379. A low diffuse peren-
nial, suberect or spreading, simple or much branched, glabrous or pubes-
cent, sometimes suffrutescent 2-3 feet high; stem terete. Leaves 3-4
in. long, equally pinnate ; leaflets 40-60 pairs, livear with a distinct
oblique mucro, ‘1-15 in, long, glabrous on both surfaces, rachis
puberulous with a small sessile gland on the petiole below the lowest
pair of leaflets, stipules finely subulate, straight, ‘2in. long. Flowers
axillary, solitary or 2-3 together, pedicels unequal, ultimately 1 in.
long, bracteolate above the middle; buds pointed narrow. Calyx 5-
partite to base, segments unequal linear-lanceolate to oblong-acute, —
‘25-3 in. long. Petals 5 subequal, elliptic or orbicular, shortly clawed, |
obtuse, °35 in. long. Stamens 10 perfect, alternately longer and shorter.
Pod 2 in. long, ‘2 in. across, linear, flattish. Seeds 20-25, obliquely
‘rhomboid, compressed, testa dark-brown, — DC. Prodr. U1, 503 ;

164

Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula. 165

Mig. Flor. Ind, Bat, 1, 101; Bak in Flor, Brit. Ind. IT, 266. O. augustis-
stua Lamk. Eneye. Meth. I, 650; DC. Prodr. II, 505; W. & A. Prodr.
292. C. sensitiva Roxb. Hort. Beng. 32. C. tenella Roxb. Hort. Beng.
31. Senna sensitiva Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 353. 8S. tenella Roxb. Flor.
Ind. 11, 354. ;

Prov. We.iestey; Tasek Selangor, Ridley 6995! Prnana;
Government Hill, Curtis 2507! Distris. Throughout South-Eastern
Asia,

14. Cassta LescuenavttiaAna DC. Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Gen. TI, 2,
132, A suberect perennial, rather softly pubescent, 2-3 feet high, stems
terete. Leaves equally pinnate 1-2 in. long, leaflets 16-24 pairs,
narrowly oblong with a distinct oblique mucro and 4-6 strong very
oblique secondary nerves, glabrous or puberulous, ‘4—6 in. long, “1-15
in, across; rachis pubescent, with a large sessile gland on the petiole
below the lowest pair of leaflets, stipules lanceolate straight °35 in. long.
Flowers axillary, solitary or 2-3 together, pedicels unequal, ultimately
*25—35 in. long, bracteolate not far above the base, buds pointed. Calyx
5-partite to base, segments unequal linear-lanceolate to oblong-acute, *35
in. long. Petals 5 subequal, elliptic or orbicular, shortly clawed, obtuse,
“4-6 in. long. ‘Stamens 10 or 9 or 7 (all perfect or with the uppermost,
or the three uppermost, reduced to staminodes), the 2-3 lowest often
rather larger than the lateral ones. Pod 1-1°5 in. long, ‘2 in. across,
linear, flattish. Seeds 8-16, obliquely rhomboid, compressed, testa brown
shining. DC. Prodr, II, 504. C. Wallichiuna DC. Prodr. TI, 505; W.
& A. Prodr. 292. OC. mimosoides var. Wallichiana Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. IT, 266.

Penang; Government Hill, Curtis 829! Stncarore; Hullett 663!
Disrris. India; Himalayas; Indo-China.

This is reduced to C. mimosoides by Mr. Baker butit seems better in the meantime _
to keep the two plants apart. They are certainly, as Mr. Baker indicates, very

closely related, but they do not much resemble each other and are not easily con
founded, ae

45. Koompassta Maingay.

Very tall erect trees. Leaves odd-pinnate with alternate leaflets.
Flowers copious small, obscure, in ample terminal panicles; bracts small
deciduous. Calyx-tube very short conical, or none; sepals 5, lanceolate,
subequal, very slightly imbricated. Petals 5 subequal, their margins not
meeting. Stamens 5, filaments short or very short, anthers equal basi-
fixed, dehiscing by two apical pores. Ovary sessile, subglobose or
slightly elongated, l-ovuled; style short acute, stigma small, terminal.
Pod oblong, compressed, winged throughout its circumference, narrowed
and somewhat twisted at the base, indehiscent. Seed solitary situated

. 165

166 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula:

near the middle of the pod; compressed, exalbuminous; cotyledons
leafy, radicle short straight. Species 4, Malayan.
Leaflets green beneath; panicles rasty-pnbescent; petals

exceeding sepals and stamens; anthers short broad; ovary

subglobose, rusty-pubescent ahs a .. Ll. K. malaccensis.
Leaflets glaucescent beneath, much smaller ; apes grey,

puberulous ; petals much shorter than sepals and stamens ;

anthers long narrow; ovary compressed, very nearly

glabrous... mt ec hs .. 2. K. parvifolia.

1. KoompassIA MALACCENSIS hain phe ex Benth. in Hook. Icon. Pl.

XIT, 58. t. 1164. A tree 80-100 feet high, with stem 3-4 feet in
diameter; branches closely rusty-pubescent at length glabrescent,
Leaves: alternate odd-pinnate, 5-8 in. Jong, rachis rusty-pubescent ;
leaflets 7-9 alternate, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, acuminate, apex obtuse
slightly emarginate, base rounded, 2-3 in. long, *8-1°25 in. wide, coria-
ceous, dark-green glabrous and shining above, rather paler, dull and
sparsely adpressed rusty-puberulous beneath ; lateral nerves 10-12 pairs,
faintly visible above, distinct beneath and contested by a fine reticulate
secondary venation ; petiolules rusty-pubescent 25 in. long. Panicles
terminal and extending into the axils of the uppermost leaves 5 in.
long, 3-4 in. across ; branches 2 in long, pedicels ‘2 in. long; all parts
densely rusty-pubescent.. Calyzx-tube obsolete; sepals 5 slightly
imbricate ovate-acute, ‘12 in. long, densely rusty externally. Petals 5,
oblong, obtuse, white, 15 in. long, slightly exceeding the sepals, two and
a half times as long as stamens. Stamens 5, filaments very short
glabrous ; anthers slightly incurved twice as long as broad, widely
triangular. Ovary subglobose, densely rusty-pubescent, l-ovuled; style
short. Pod oblong, compressed, 4-5 in. long, 1°25-1°5 in. wide, reticu-
lately wide-veined opposite the solitary seed. Seed 1°5 in. long, “65 in.
wide, cotyledons foliaceous; cordately 5-nerved at base, nerves conspi-
cuous. Taubert in Engl. Natiirlich. Pflanzenfam. III, 3. 156.
; Perak; Larut, Kunstler 7692! Thaipeng, Wray 2388! near Blangie,
Scortechini 1712! Matacca; Merliman, Selandar, Sungei Udang, etc. ;
Maingay 557 (fide Bentham) ; 604! Derry 51! Holmberg 880! Good-
enough 1416! Sincarore; Selitan, etc.; Midley 4567! 6403! Cantley
(fide Taubert). Penance; T. Bahang, Curtis 432! Dixpines ; Lumot,
Curtis! Distrip, Sumatra (River Rawas, Forbes /).

This is the fine tree which the Malays know as Kuwmpass. Another species
from Borneo (K. Beccariana Taubert,—founded on Beccari n. 2690) is evidently

closely related ; there are no specimens of the species at Calcutta. The description
and drawing of the anthers in the original account of the genus are epee bat

inaccurate.
2. KoomPassiIA PARVIFOLIA .Prain. A tree 80-100 feet ah. branch-
lets glabrous or only puberulous at the tips. Leaves alternate odd-
166

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 167

pinnate, 3-4 in. long, rachis grey-silky ; leaflets 9-11 alternate, elliptic-
lanceolate, apex obtuse slightly emarginate, base widely cuneate, 1—}:25
in. long, ‘25-35 in. wide, chartaceous, medium-green, glabrous and
shining above, glaucescent and sparsely silky-pubescent beneath ; lateral
nerves 4-5 pairs, quite invisible above and very faint beneath ; petio-
lules grey-silky, “2 in. long. Panicles terminal, 5 in. long, 2°5-3 in. across,
branches 1°5 in. long, pedicels *15 in. long slightly thickened under the
calyx; all parts closely grey-silky. Culyz-tube short conical; sepals 5
slightly imbricate, ovate-lanceolate, margins of the inuer slightly
narrower, recurved, all ‘15 in. long and silky-puberulous externally.
Petuls 5, elliptic, white, one-third as long as sepals, half as long as -
stamens. Stamens 5, filaments very short glabrous; anthers distinctly
incurved, four to five times as long as broad, narrow-lanceolate. Ovary
compressed glabrous except for a few hairs at the base, l-ovuled ; style
short. Pod not seen.

Perak; Goping, Scortechini 1996!

This fine tree is known to the Malays as Tualang ; its timber is largely used for
building purposes. In this respect it resembles the preceding species as well as
another famous timber-tree from Borneo the Tupan (Koompassia excelsa Taub.
= Abawria excelsa Beccari).

From Signor Beccari’s description of Tapan it is evidently a tree of much more
gigantic proportions than the Tualang. Its foliage is probably similar for its
leaflets are described as being of about the same size; the number of leaflets to.
a leaf Beccari does not state. But the flowers are very different for in Tapan the
petals are hardly shorter than the sepals and are about the same length as the
stamens, while the anthers are shorter than the filaments; in Tualang the petals are
very small and the anthers are exceedingly long as compared with the filaments.

46. Duiauium Linn.

Erect unarmed trees. Leaves odd-pinnate with more or less dis-
tinctly alternate leaflets. Flowers copious small obscure in ample ter-
minal panicles. Calyx-tube very short; free segments lanceolate or
ovate lanceolate, subequal, much imbricated, deciduous. Petals 0 (in all
Malayan species). Stamens 2, erect, included; anthers attached near
the base, dehiscence longitudinal. Ovary sessile, 2-ovuled ; style
filiform stigma terminal. Pod firm, dry, indehiscent, oblong, 1-seeded ;
endocarp pulpy. Seed albuminous, embryo foliaceous, radicle straight.
Species about 15, cosmopolitan in the tropics, chiefly however in S.-K.
Asia.

Leaves quite glabrous on both surfaces :—
Pods large, (firm), 1°35 in, long, strougly umbonate at
apex eee eee eo eee l. D. Kunstleri.

167

168 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. -

Pods smaller, not exceeding 1 in. in Jength, obtuse or
only faintly apiculate :-—
Pods fragile not velvety ; leaflets thinly coriaceons :—
Pedicels as long as calyx, panicles laxly spreading 2. D. patens.
Pedicels shorter than calyx, panicles erect :—
Leaflets lanceolate alternate; seeds subquadrate

longitudinally striate... . & D. indum.
- Leaflets elliptic opposite ; seeds ackionles ‘Shion:
late eee ees we 4 D, laurinum.

Pods firm, velvety ; leaflets aadiy coriaceous .. & D. Maingayt.
Leaves more or less pubescent beneath :—

Leaflets large, 5-7 :—

Leaflets opposite or nearly so, very faintly puberulous

beneath ; sepals pubescent within «st 6. D. ambiguum.,

Leaflets conspicuously alternate, thickly ecient}

beneath with golden-brown pubescence ; sepals pubes-

cent within op oF aS .. % D. platysepalum.
Leaflets small, 9-15 :—

Leaflets 9-11, conspicuously alternate, thickly cover-

ed beneath with golden-brown pubescence; a

glabrous within ... 8. D. Wallichii,
Leaflets 13-15, opposite, Siats toiiSnbase ieiteatlh'
sepals puberulous within... eee - 9. 2, Kenge,

1. Dratium Kuwstiert Prain. A tree 100-130 feet high with
spreading branches, stem 2-8 feet thick; branchlets slender, pale,
rugose glabrous. Leaves alternate, odd-pinnate, 5—6 in. long; leaflets 5,
rarely 3, alternate or subopposite, ovate-lanceolate, narrowly acuminate,
apex entire, base cuneate, 4—5 in. long, 1:25-1°5 in. wide, coriaceous,
rather dark-green shining above, dull and pale-green beneath, glabrous
on both surfaces; lateral nerves ascending 5-6 pairs hardly visible
above, faint beneath and with there a very faint reticulate intermediate
secondary venation ; petiolules stout, very short, ‘1 in. long, glabrous.
Panicles terminal and axillary 4 in. long, 3 in. wide; branches 2 in.
long, glabrous, pedicels (in fruit) *2 in. long, Walaa. and stamens not
seen. Pod subspherical, hardly compressed, obliquely prominently
umbonate at the tip, firm, 1°5 in. long, 1°35 in. across; glabrous, very

faintly verrucose, black. Seed solitary subrotund, smooth, dark-brown,

dull, °6 in. long, ‘5 in. wide, °2 in. thick.
Perak; Goping, 500-800 feet, Kunstler 4415!
This very fine species, easily distinguished from all the others by its much

larger pods with very pronounced umbonate apex, hias been but once reported and
then, unfortunately, without flowers. It is perhaps most nearly related to D. indum

from which, however, besides differing as to fruits it is also distinguished by its

thicker and fewer leaflets. No native name has been given for the species.

168

“m
Sas

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 169

2. DrActium parens Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 270. <A tree 60-80
feet high with a rather slender stem 10-20 in. thick ; branchlets slender
smocth pale-brown glabrous, Leaves alternate, odd-pinnate, 5-6 in.
long; leaflets 3-5, opposite or subopposite, oblong to elliptic, rather
abruptly cuspidately narrowed to an obtuse entire apex, base rounded,
3-5 in. long, 1°5-2°25 in. wide, subcoriaceous, bright-green and shin-
‘ing above, paler and dull beneath, glabrous on both surfaces; lateral
nerves 8-10 pairs spreading, fine but distinct on both surfaces as is the
reticulate intermediate secondary venation; petiolules stout, glabrous,
25 in. long. Panicles terminal and axillary, 6-8 in. long, 4-5 in. wide,
rachis and branches slender. and flexuous, glabrous ; pedicels glabrous
spreading or cernuous, ‘2-"25 in. long. Calyx ‘15 in. long, ovoid-oblong
in bud, tube obsolete, segments 5, white and almost petaloid, subequal,
much imbricated, ovate-oblong obtuse, finely grey-pubescent on both
surfaces, the two upper segments sometimes faintly connate. Petuls
0. Stamens 2, filaments short slender, connective puberulous, anthers
oblong basifixed. Ovary silky, narrowly-ovate, sessile, tapering upwards
to the slender incurved style; ovules 2. Pud ovoid, slightly compressed,
apex not apiculate, fragile, black, thinly grey-pubescent, ‘5 in. long
‘35 in. across, ‘3 In. thick. Seed solitary, nearly regularly oblong in
‘shape with rounded angles, ‘3 in. long, ‘25 in. across, ‘15 in. thick, dark-
maroon in colour, only slightly shining, neither striate nor reticulate.

Perak; Larut, at low elevations, Kunstler 5551! 5577! Matacea ;
Griffith 1846 (K. D.) ! Maingay 537! Distr1s. Borneo.

“ Maingay 537°’ forms, with “ Griffith 1846,” the basis of this species. The
description here given of pod and seed is drawn up entirely from an example of
“‘ Maingay 537.’ ‘The discrepancy between the description in the F. B. I. and the
actual fruit of the species the writer is unable to explain. .

3. -Dratium rnpum Linn. Mantiss. 24. A tree 60-70 feet high
with spreading branches ; branchlets slender, rugose, grey-puberulons.
Leaves alternate, odd-pinnate, 6-8 in. long; leaflets 5-9, alternate or
subopposite ovate-oblong to ovate-lanceolate, narrowly acuminate apex
entire, base cuneate, 3-4 in. long, 1-1'5 in. wide, chartaceous, dark-
green slightly glossy above, dull and rather paler beneath, glabrous on
both surfaces ; lateral nerves 8-10 pairs, faint above more pronounced
beneath and with there a distinct reticulate intermediate secondary
venation ; petiolules glubrous ‘2 in. long. Panicles terminal and axillary,
4 in. long, 3 in. wide; branches from ‘25-2 in. long, faintly silky-
‘puberulous as are the pedicels 1 in. long, usually in clusters of 3, with
caducous basal bracts. Calyx 15 in. long, obtuse-oblong in bud, tube
obsolete, segments 5 subequal much imbricate ovate-oblong obtuse, grey-
puberulous on both surfaces. Petals 0. Stamens 2, opposite the two

169 ;

170 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

upper calyx segments, filaments very short slender, anthers large
oblong, basifixed, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary silky, ovate, sessile,
tapering upwards somewhat abruptly into a slender ineurved style;
ovules 2. Pod suborbicular, ‘9 in. wide, slightly compressed, shortly
apiculate, fragile, finely puberulous with minute silky hairs but not
velvety. Seed solitary, obovate-quadrate, brown, finely longitudinally
striate, shining, °5 in. long, ‘4 in. wide, ‘15 in. thick. Linn. Mantiss.
511; Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar. 136, t. 30; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 79; Koord.
& Val. Bijdr. Il, 20. D. gavanicum Burm. FI. Ind. 12. Carandje
Bontius, Hist, Ind. Or. 93; Rumph. Herb. Amboin, I], 93, footnote.
Tamarindus monococcus minor, etc. Plunk, Mantiss. 177; Amalth. 198,
t. 144, f. 4.

PauaneG; Pijaie, Pahang river, Ridley 2607! Penana ; Ayer Htam,
Curtis !

This is the Kranji of the Malays in Java according to Bontius, Rumphius,
Miquel and Koorders. Mr. lidley’s specimens have no native name and as there
is no indication that they are from a planted tree it may be reasonably supposed
that the species is indigenous in Pahang. The specimens sent by Mr. Curtis are
noted as being from ‘‘ Ayer Etam in Miller’s compound;” this remark, taken in
conjunction with the fact that two native names “ Kranji borong or Kranji padie”
are given as alternatives, seems to point to the species being an introduced one in
Penang. The name Kranji borong is sometimes applied in Malacca to the quite dis-
similar species D. platysepalem., .

The fruits are eaten for the sake of the pulp that forms the endocarp of the
pod. Inthe Indian Forester for October 1896, it is stated that A7vanji is one of the
valuable timbers of the Straits Settlements. The scientific name cited in the
notice is D. indicum; there is no species of that name. Perhaps the present species
is intended; there is however nothing to show whether the tree referred to be this
or some of the other species of Dialium.

4, Diauium Lavrinum Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 269. A large tree
with slender rugose dark-brown rusty-puberulous branchlets. Leaves
alternate, odd-pinnate, 7-8 in. long; leaflets 7, rarely 5, subopposite,
elliptic rather suddenly narrowed to a broad subobtuse or emarginate
apex, base broadly rounded, 4—5 in. long, 1°75-2 in. wide, rigidly
coriaceous, dark-green on both surfaces, glossy above, dull beneath,
glabrous on both sides, secondary nerves 8-9 pairs oblique but not
curved, faint above, rather prominent beneath and. with there a distinet
reticulate intermediate secondary venation; petiolules stont, glabrous,
3-4 in. long. Panicles termiual and axillary, 4 in. long, 3 in. wide,
branches from ‘5 to 2 in. long, rusty-pubescent, pedicels *1 in. long,
usually in clusters of 3, silky. Calyx ‘15 in. long, ovoid-oblong in bud,
tube subobsolete, segments 5 subequal much imbricate, oblong-lanceolate,
densely grey-velvety on both surfaces. Petals 0. Stamens 2 opposite
the upper calyx-segments, filaments very short, sleuder; anthers oblong.

170

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. ie

Ovary silky, ovate, subsessile, style slender incurved, ovules 2. Pod
almost orbicular, 1 in. across not apiculate, black, thinly coated with
short grey-pubescence, the thin epicarp extremely fragile. Seed solit-
ary, almest exactly orbicular, °5 in. across, ‘2 in. thick, reddish-brown,
shining and smooth with fine rather wide-meshed reticulations on the
surface. Ridley, Trans Linn. Soe. n. s. III, 294.

Matacca; Ayer Panas, etc.; Maingay 539 (K.D.)! Goodenough
1321! Srneapore; Krangi, Ridley 6437! Pauane; Pigang, near
Pekan, Ridley.

A very distinct species, easily recognised by its almost orbicular seed. Mr.
Goodenough notes that this is known in Malacca as Krangi papan; he. however
quotes the same name as applied to a form of D. platysepulum. ‘There are no
Pahang specimens at Calcutta; the locality is cited from Mr. Ridley’s paper on the
Pahang flora.

5. Drayium Marneayr Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 269. A large
tree with spreading branches; branchlets slender lenticelled dark-
brown, glabrous. Leaves alternate odd-pinnate, 4-5 in. long; leaflets
9, rarely 7, subopposite elliptic-oblong narrowed cuspidately to an
obtuse or subacute entire apex, base rounded, 2-2°5 in. long, °75-1 in.
wide, coriaceous, very dark-green shining above, dull and paler green
beneath, glabrous on both surfaces; lateral nerves 4-5 pairs not visible
above, faint and not raised beneath, scarcely more conspicuous than
the very faint intermediate reticulate secondary venation ; petiolules
slender 2 in. long, glabrous. Panicles terminal, 4-5 in. long, 3 in.
wide, branches 2 in. long, erecto-patent rusty-puberulous ; pedicels ‘15
in. long, 2-3. together, rusty-puberulous. Calyx *25 in. long, ovoid in
bud, tube very short campanulate, segments 5, or occasionally only 4,
much imbricate, broadly ovate-obtuse, shortly brown-velvety silky on
both surfaces. Petals 0. Stamens 2 opposite the two upper calyx-seg-
meuts, filaments thick nearly as long as the anther, the connective beset
with short brown hairs. Ovary black-velvety, ovate, shortly stipitate,

style incurved glabrous; ovules 2, Pod widely: obovoid, apex not

apiculate, firm, ‘9 in. long, ‘8 in. wide, hardly at all compressed, densely
persistently deep-olive velvety. Seed solitary, obovate-quadrate, finely
longitudinally striate, shining, *45 in. long, ‘35 in. wide, ‘15 in. thick.

Perak; Goping, Scortichint 2052! Upper Perak, 1000 feet, Wray
3407! 3767! Prnane; Tulloh Bahang, Curtis 440! 3031! Matracea;
Selandan, Goodenough 1533! Stncapors; Maingay 5388 K. D. (Herb.
Propr. 1398 A.)!

The seeds of this species are hardly distinguishable except in colour from
those of D. indum, the fruits and the foliage are however extremely different.
Curtis gives Krangi as the native name of this species in Penang; in Malacca the
tree ig said by Goodenough to bear the alternative names Kranji ambot and Kranji

171

172 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula,

s’Kellat. The latter epithet is however also applied in Malacca to a form of the
very different species D. platysepalum. No native name is cited with the Perak
specimens or with the Singapore ones. ;

6. Dtattum amsBicuumM Prain. A tree 40-50 feet high, stem 5-8
in. in diam. ; branchlets very verrucosely lenticelled, glabrous, blackish.

Leuves alternate, odd-pinnate, 8-9 in. long; leaflets 7, opposite or rarely

subopposite, oblong, rather abruptly shortly caudate-acuminate apex
obtuse entire, base rounded, 4-5 in. long 15-1:75 in. wide, very rigidly
coriaceous, bright-green, glossy and glabrous above, dull and faintly
puberulous under the lens beneath ; leaf-rachis glabrous ; lateral nerves
9-11 pairs, fine, only visible beneath, forming distinct intra-marginal
loops and with a fine intermediate reticulate secondary venation ;
petiolules glabrous ‘2 in. long. Panicles terminal and axillary, deltoid,
slightly spreading, 5-8 in. long, 4-8 in. wide, branches 2—4 in. long very
sparsely puberulous with grey-silky hairs as is the main rachis; pedicels
usually in clusters of 3,15 in. long. Calya ‘35 im. tong, ovoid in bud,
tube obsolete, segments 5, subequal, much imbricate, broadly triangular
subacute, reflexed after flower opens; densely brown-velvety on both
surfaces. Petals 0. Stamens 2, opposite the two upper calyx-segments ;
filaments thick and fleshy one-third as long as anther. Ovary light
green-silky, ovate, quite sessile, tapering gradually mto the glabrous
style; ovales2. Pod and seed unkuown.

Perak; Goping, 500-800 feet, Kunstler 6142! Manaeca; Bukit
Sadanen, Derry 510 (partly; only the specimens termed “‘ Kranji”’)!

This tree is evidently very closely allied to D. platysepalum and may ultimately
prove to be but a form of that variable species ; if so, however, it is an exceedingly
distinct variety, readily recognised owing to the differences in its ovary, in its
pubescence, and in the arrangement of its leaflets. No native name is given for
the Perak specimens; those from Malacca that appear to belong to the same
species are simply termed Kranji.

7. Duatium eLatyseeALUM Bak. in Flor. Brit, Ind. II, 270. A
tree 40-50 feet high; branchlets brown, closely-puberulous, sparsely
lenticelled. Leaves alternate, odd-pinnate, 5-9 in. long; leaflets 5-7,
usually conspicuously alternate, or rarely subopposite, elliptic or oblong
to ovate-lanceolate, rather abruptly shortly caudate-acuminate apex

obtuse entire, base rounded or cuneate, 3-5 in. long, 1-2 im. wide, very

rigidly coriaceous, dark-green glossy and glabrous above, densely shortly.

yellowish-brown silky beneath ; leaf-rachis finely puberulous; lateral
nerves 9-1] pairs, fine, only visible beneath, forming distinct intra-
marginal loops and with a fine intermediate secondary reticulate
venation; petiolules puberulous ‘25 in. long. Panicles terminal and
axillary, deltoid, close or slightly spreading, 5-8 in. long, 4-7 in. wide,

branches 2-3 in, long, erecto-patent, finely brown-silky as is the main-

172

‘«
>
.
ait
4 fo £7,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 173

rachis ; pedicels usually in clusters of 3,°15 in. long. Caly« ‘2 in. tong,
ovoid in bud, tube rather distinct campanulate, segments 5, subequal,
much imbricate, broadly triangular-obtuse, coriaceous, reflexed after
flower opens, densely brown-velvety on both surfaces. Petals 0.
Stamens 2, opvosite the two upper calyx-segments; filaments thick and
fleshy one-third to one-half as long as anther. Ovary black-velvety,
ovate, shortly stipitate, gradually tapering upwards into the puberulous
incurved style; ovules 2. Pod obovoid or orbicular, apex not apiculaté,
firm, spherical or slightly compressed, 1 in. long, *6-"8 in. across, *5—7
in, thick ; persistently brawn-velvety. Seed solitary, orbicular, widely
oblong or subrhomboid, pale-hrown in fresh, darker in old specimens,
* finely longitudinally striate, °45 in. long, °35 in. wide, °2 in. thick.

Var. typica; leaves usually ovate-lanceolate, cuneate less often
rounded at the base; filaments half as long as anthers; pods orbicular
very little compressed. D. platysepalum var. typica Bak. loc. cit.

Perak; Larut, Wray 4019! Matacca; Griffith 1847! Maingay
536! Sungei Udang, Holmberg 821! Bukit Sadanen, Derry 510 (partly ;
only the specimens termed “ Sepan’’)! Merliman, Derry 89! Ayer
Panas, Goodenough 1693! JoHore ; Machap, Goodenough 2000!

Var. papan; leaves elliptic, rounded rarely cuneate at the base;
filaments only one-third as long as anthers; pods orbicular very dis-
tinctly compressed.

Matacca; Ayer Pauas, Holmberg 814! Derry 1225! Goodenough
1553!

Var. burong; leaves oblong, rounded at base; pods clavately
obovoid.

Matracca; Selandan, Holmberg 855!

The tree here described as var. typica is also the typical variety of D. platy-
sepalum as described by Mr. Baker. For reasons given under that plant, the
present writer has found it necessary to treat Mr. Baker’s VAR. Wallichii asa distinet
species.

No native name is given for the specimens of D. platysepalum collected by
Griffith, Maingay, and Wray. Holmberg gives its Malay name as merely ‘ Koran’;
Derry for his n. 510 collected in 1890 (which, by the way, is quite different from his
n. 510 collected in 1892) gives the name Sepan. For his n. 89 however Derry gives
the name Arangi s’ Kellat; the same name is used by Goodenongh for his n. 1693.
As explained under that species, Goodenough also uses this name, with the name
Krangi ambot as an alternative one, for D. Maingayi; and it is true that thongh the ©
flowers of D. Maingayi are quite different from those of D. platysepalum, their
fruits are exceedingly alike and fruiting specimens of the two are oniy to be easily
distinguished by the absence of pubescence from the leaves of D. Maingayi, the —
presence of a close golden-brown pubescence on the under-surface of those of D.
platysepalum. Goodenough gives no native name for the Johore examples, which
are quite like those from Perak and Malacca.

«178

174 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Whether the other two “varieties” here described are really separable as such,
or whether, perhaps, they may not even prove to be distinct species, it is not, from
the material at the writer’s disposal, at present possible to decide. But field-
botanists in the Peninsula should be able to settle the point satisfactorily for them-
selves.

VaR. papan, so named because each of the three gatherings has been noted as
bearing the Malay name Kranji papan, differs from the type only in the characters
noted. Its facies, owing to its broadly elliptic leaves and its conspicuously com-
pressed pods, is somewhat distinct, and it is rather noteworthy that all three gather-
ings have received the same native name, a name too that has been applied to no
other form.

Var. burong,so named because it has been said by Holmberg to be termed
Kranji burong by the Malays, has a still more#distinctive facies owing to its pods
being clavate, and because the pubescence on the under sarface of its leaves is of a
darker, somewhat brownish tint. Its leaflets too are in shape exactly like those of
D. ambiguum. Still it does not seem possible to treat it as representing the fruit of
D. ambiguum because in that tree the leaflets are almost exactly opposite and are
very faintiy puberulous beneath, in this they are conspicuously alternate and densely
pubescent beneath. Its flowers have not been sent. The name Kranji burong, it
should be noted, is used in Penang as an alternative one with Kranji padie, for D.
indum.

8. Drattom Watuicuir Prain. A tree, branchlets brown, closely
pubescent, slightly rugose, not lenticelled. Leaves alternate 7-8 in.
long; leaflets Y-ll, very conspicuously alternate, oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, apex acute, base cuneate, 2-2°25 in. long, ‘6-8 in. wide,
coriaceous, bright-green glabrous above, densely shortly yellowish-
brown-silky beneath ; leaf-rachis softly pubescent; lateral nerves about
15 pairs, only visible beneath and there hardly more distinct than the
faint intermediate secondary venation; petiolules pubescent ‘1 iu. long.
Panicles terminal and axillary, 6-8 in. long, 3-4 in. wide, branches 2-3
in. long, ascending, rather flexuous, softly pubescent as is the main
rachis; pedicels ‘l] in. long. Calyx -2 in. long, ovoid in bud, tube dis-
tinct, segments 5, subequal, much imbricate, broadly triangular-obtuse,
thinly coriaceous, reflexed after flower opens, densely greenish-velvety
outside, inside white, glabrous. Petals 0. Stamens 2, opposite upper
calyx-segments; filaments very thick less than one-fourth the length
of anther, connective uniformly softly pubescent. Ovary brown-silky,
distinctly stipitate, tapering into the slender, incurved, puberulous
style; ovules 2. Pod obovoid 1 in. long, *75 in across, purplish-velvety.
Seed solitary, subquadrate, indented near the micropyle; ‘4 iu. long,
‘3 in. across, 15 in. thick, finely longitudiually striate. D, platyseyalum
vak. Wallichit Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 270. Connarucea Wall. Cat.
8534.

“Maracca ; Maingay 540! Sincavore; Wallich 8534! Ridley !

This very distinct species agrees with D. platysepalum, of which Mr. Baker has

174

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 175

made it a variety, in having the same golden-brown pubescence on the under sur-
face of its leaflets. But the smaller size of these leaflets; the shortness of the
petiolules ; the great difference in sepals, glabrous within in D. Wallichii, velvety
within in D. platysepalum ; and the equally marked differences in the fruit and the
seed have led the present writer to treat it as a spécies apart.

9. Dratium Kinert Prain. A tree with spreading branches 100-150
feet high, stem 3-4 ft. in diameter; branchlets brown closely pubescent,
slightly rugose, not lenticelled. Leaves alternate 8-9 in. long; leaflets
13-15, opposite except the terminal one, oblong-lanceolate, apex abruptly
cuneate or rounded with an obtuse or retuse tip, base cuneate or round-
ed, 2-2°5 in. long, ‘6—8 in. wide, very rigidly coriaceous, deep-green
glabrous and shining above, rusty-pubescent beneath, leaf-rachis glab-
rous; lateral nerves about 10 pairs rather distinct, secondary inter-
mediate venation faint; petiolules glabrous ‘1 in. long. Panicles
terminal and axillary, deltoid, 6-8 im. loug, 8-10 in. across, branches
3-4 in., erecto-patent, densely dark-brown velvety as is the main rachis ;
pedicels usually in clusters of 3, 25 in. long. Calyx -25 in. long, ovoid
in bud, tube obsolete, segments 5, subequal, much imbricate, broadly
ovate-obtuse, reflexed after flower opens; externally densely brown-
velvety, inside waxy-white closely pubescent. Petals 0. Stamens 2
opposite upper calyx-segments, filaments very thick and fleshy, one-
third as long as the bright-yellow anther; connective uniformly softly
pubescent. Ovary densely brown-velvety, sessile, tapering abruptly
into the incurved puberulous style ; ovules 2. Pod irregularly spheri-

a!, 9 in. long, ‘75 in. across; velvety-black. Seed solitary, subquadrate,
warm-brown, faintly longitudinally striate, -4 in. long, ‘5 in. wide, -2 in.
thick.

Pegak; Goping district, in hilly localities from %00-1000 feet,
Kunstler 4627! 8187!

No Malay name has been sent for this tree which is one of the most distinct and
is perhaps the finest of the Peninsular species of Didlium. Its nearest ally is
evidently D. Wallichit from which however its opposite leaflets, rusty- -pubescent
beneath, and its larger flowers at once distinguished it.

47, Bavwrnta Linn.

Unarmed erect trees, or climbers with circinate tendrils. Leaves
simple usually more or less deeply cleft from the tip, rarely entire or
fully divided into two leaflets. Flowers usually showy sometimes small,
in copious simple or panicled often corymbose racemes. Culyz-tube
with a disc produced to the top, sometimes Jong and cylindric, some-
times short and turbinate or campanulate, limb entire and spathaceous
or cleft into 2 or 5 teeth, very rarely campanulate truncate. Petals
5 subequal usually with a distinct claw. Stamens 10, or reduced to 5

175

176 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

or 3 or 1, if fewer than 10 with or without sterile filaments ; filaments
free filiform; anthers versatile dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary stalked,
many-ovuled; style long or short, stigma small or large and peltate,
subterminal or oblique. Pod linear or oblong, flat, continuous within,
dehiscent or indehiscent. Seeds albuminous, funiculus usually broadly
triangular. Species 150, spread throughout the tropics.

Fertile stamens 10, (flewers large showy) :—

Leaflets distinct; calyx with a produced tube and a 5-
cleft limb (§ Lys!PHyLLUM) ; a very extensive cirrhose

climber ie a 1. B. diphylla.
Leaflets connate ; Baligte with a ort tube and a spatha-
ceous limb (§ PAULETIA) ; shrubs :— :

Lobes of leayes rounded; flowers yellow the upper
petal with a central purple blotch; pod puberulous,

not ribbed along upper suture ... ae “Aa fees B. tomentosa.
Lobes of leaves subacute: flowers pure white; pod
glabrous ribbed along each side of upper suture .. 3. B. acuminata,

Fertile stamens 3 :—
Calyx-tube produced (§ PHANERA) :—
Buds narrowly clavate, the calyx-tube passing gradually
into the limb ; tendrils 0; (flowers large showy) :—
Erect; leaves glabrous above; calyx-limb spatha-

ceous ; pods glabrous “we = .. 4. B. purpurea,
Climbing; leaves puberulous above; calyx-limb
dividing into equal segments; pods pubescent .. 5. B. mollissima.

Buds widely clavate, with a rather abrupt transition
from tube to limb; tendrils circinate more or less
plentiful :— :
Buds club-shaped—calyx-tube slightly ampulle-
formly dilated downwards, limb in bud obovate; an-
thers much longer than broad ; (leaves of two connate
leaflets with rounded or subacute apices) :—
Petals glabrous except on midrib and claw exter-
nally ; (flowers long-pedicelled in pyramidal ter-
minal corymbs) :— }
' Stipules persistent; style glabrous ... ... 6. B. albo-lutea.
Stipules deciduous; style densely pubescent ... 7. B. semibifida.
Petals uniformly densely pubescent externally :—
Petals much longer than calyx-lobes :—
Flowers long-pedicelled in pyramidal lateral
and terminal corymbs; leaves pubescent,
(stipules large persistent orbicular) .. 8. B. Hullettii.
Flowers short-pedicelled in dense terminal
corymbs; leaves glabrous :— '
Stipules large persistent orbicalar 2 Oe Grifithiana.
Stipules small deciduous ae ... 10. B. ferruginea.
Petals not longer than calyx-lobes ; (leaves pubes- —
cent; corymbs terminal dense, flowers very ;
shortly pedicelled) a eT ww. LL. B, Ridleyi. a
176 |

Materials fora Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula. 177

Buds clove-shaped—calyx-tube cylindric, limb in bud
ovate Or ofbicilar$} anthers shortly oblong :—
Leaves of two connate leaflets with rounded apices;
{calyx-tube considerably longer than limb) eve
Leaves entire or divided at the tip (in young plants
of some species casually split to the base) into two
narrow acute or acuminate lobes :—
Calyx-tube much longer than the limb; (leaves
usually entire, less often divided at the tip,
flowers in dense terminal corymbs) :—
Leaves 5-7-nerved, adpressed-pubessent be-
neath; calyx rusty-downy ; pod pubescent
Leaves 7-9-nerved, glabrous beneath; calyx
sparsely puberulous; pod glabrous oa
Calyx-tube not exceeding the limb :—
inflorescence lax, the lower flowers not at all
deciduons; leaves thick firm :—
Flowers in racemes, the lower pedicels not
sensibly longer than those above :—
Racemes long, many-fid.; leaves all entire,
glabrous beneath .., ie hes
Racemes short, few-fid.; leaves rather
deeply bifid, densely pubescent beneath ...
Flowers in corymbs, the lower pedicels mani-
festly longer than those next above :—
Leaves deeply cordate often subpeltate, not
much longer than broad, sometimes 2-fid
at tip, petiole 1 in. long its eee
Leaves shallow-cordate, twice as long as
broad, all entire, petiole ‘5 in. long
Inflorescence dense, most of the lower pedicels
deciduous leaving the rachis below as a longish
nodose peduncle ; leaves thin flexible :—
Leaves entire or rarely slightly emarginate
at tip, 5-nerved ; calyx glabrous; (pod glab-
rous) a pe ‘. as
Leaves divided at apex (only a few in region
of inflorescence entire), nerves more than 5 ;
calyx- pubescent :—
Leaves as broad as long, nerves 9-11,
apical sinus wide deltoid; calyx rusty-
pubescent ; pod large pubescent aS
Leaves longer than broad, nerves 7-9,
apical sinus narrow; calyx grey-silky ;
pod small glabrons ; flowe?s small
Calyx-tube very short (§ LastopeMa) ; (flowers small, in
long narrow many-fid. racemes) :—
Calyx-limb 5-partite ; petals white ; pods small glabrous;
leaves flexible, divided at apex :—

12, B. glauca.

. 13. B. cornifolia.

14. B. bidentata.

. 15. B. lucida.

16. B, Scortechinit.

17. B. Kingii.

. 18, B. Finiaysoniana.

19. B. Wray.

20. B. integrifolia.

. 21. B. glabrifolia.

Pod short, 2-seeded a an Vas .. 22, B, anguina.

177

178 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Pod longer, 83-Ssseeded we .. 28, B. Curtisu.
Calyx-limb entire ; petals red ; pods large aeuteie teins
cent (8-5-seeded); leaves rigid, entire ke . 24, B, strychnoidea.

§ 1. LysivHyntum Benth. Fertile stamens 10. Calyx with a
long tube and 5-cleft limb. Pod broad indehiscent. Leaflets distinct.

1. Bavury1a piruyrza Ham. in Syme, Embassy 476 c. Ic. (1806).
A very extensive glabrous twining species with circinate tendrils, |
sometimes spreading 200-300 feet or further. Leaves cordate at base ;
leaflets always quite free, each 5-6-nerved, flexible, rounded at both ends,
wider below, 3 in. long, 2 in. across, pale-green glabrous on both surfaces;
petiole glabrous ‘75-125 in. long, slightly thickened at both ends.
Flowers very large, in lax terminal racemes 8-12 in. long, pedicels glab-
rous ascending 1°5-2 in. long, bracts small ovate squamous ; ‘buds 2 in.
long fusiform. Calyx thickly coriaceous, green, glabrous, limb cut to
base into 5 lanceolate equal reflexed segments 12 in. long, tube ‘8 in.
long very slightly infundibuliform. Petals lanceolate erect, clawed,
equal, as long as calyx-lobes, ‘4 in. wide, white, faintly vemned. Stamens
10, all fertile, equal, anthers linear, filaments as long as petals, glabrous.
Ovary glabrous very long-stalked, style ‘5 in. long, somewhat incurved.
Pod very large, thin and flat, 10-16 in. long, 8 in. wide, stipe 2 in. Jong,
rather finely transversely veined. Seeds 380-40 in a row along the
middle of the pod, oval, somewhat compressed, ‘56 in. long, “3 in. across,
‘2 in. thick, testa pale-brown shining. Wall. Cat. 5784; Bak. in Flor.
Brit. Ind. II, 278. Bauhinia Buchanani Desy. Anu. Se. Nat., ser. I,
1X, 430. Phanera diphylla Benth. Pl. Jungh. 264.

Matacea; Griffith (fide Baker}. Distriz. Burma; S. India.

This species is extremely plentiful in Burma but has never been sent to Calentta
from Malaya. It is inserted on the authority of Mr. Baker in the Flora of British
India II, 278.

§ 2. Pautetia Cav. Fertile stamens 10. Calyx with very short
tube and spathaceous limb. Pod narrow dehisceat. Hrect shrubs with
large showy flowers and counate leaflets.

2. BavuHInta TOMENTOSA Linn. Sp. Pl. 375. An erect shrub with
downy zig-zaz rounded branches. Leaves truncate at base, flexible,
rather broader than long, 2—2°5 in. wide, 7—Y-nerved, cut three-sevenths
down into two rounded obtuse or faintly acute lobes, shining glabrous
above, closely pnbescent beneath; petiole pubescent, slightly grooved
above, thickened at both ends, °5 in. long. Flowers in short-peduncled
leaf-opposed 2-fld. (rarely 1- or 3-fld.) peduncles ‘4—1°2 in. long, pedicels
erect ‘2 in. long, 2-bracteolate, bracts linear ‘25 in. long; buds narrowly
ovate-acute, “7 in. long, the tip very shortly subulately 5-lobed. Calyz
green, finely closely pubescent, splitting spathaceously to the base of

178

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 179

the ‘5 in.-long limb, tube ‘2 in. long, distinctly infundibuliform. Petals
obovate-spathulate, 1°75 in. long, 8 in. wide,yellow, the upper with a purple
central blotch. Stamens 10, all fertile, subequal, anthers linear, filaments
hirsute in lower half. Ovary distinctly stalked, densely tomentose, style
‘07 in. long, straight. Pod 4-5 in. long, 5-7 in: across, compressed,
at length dehiscent, when ripe only faintly puberulous, not ribbed along:
upper suture; stipe °2-25 in. long. Seeds 10-16, oblong, flattened, -25
in. long, ‘2 in. across, testa dark-brown shining. Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31;
DC. Prodr. II, 514; Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 323; Wall. Cat. 5790 A—E;
Bot. Mag. t. 5560; W. & A. Prodr. 295; Miq, Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 75;
Bedd. Flor. Sylv. 92; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 275. B. speciosa Roxb.
in Wall. Cat. 5791 not of Vogel.

Penane; fide Baker. Anpamans; King’s Collectors! Dusrris. §.-E.-
Asia; Trop. Africa. te

There are no Malayan specimens at Calcutta; the plant m the Andamans is, if
not cultivated, probably introduced.

3. Bauainia acominata Linn. Sp. Pl. 376. A small erect shrub
with obscurely downy zig-zag angular branches. Leaves slightly cordate,
flexible, rather longer than broad, 3-6 in. wide, 9—li-nerved, cut one-
third down into two triangular subobtuse or acute lobes, shining
glabrous above, glaucescent hairy (sometimes at length. glabrescent)
beneath ; petiole puberulous grooved above, thickened at both ends,
1-1'5 in. long. Flowers in leaf-opposed few-fid. corymbs, peduncle °5 in.
long, pedicels erect the lowest ‘4 in. long, 2-bracteolate, bracts linear or
subulate +15 in. long; buds lanceolate acuminate 1°5 in. long, the tip
very shortly subulately 5-lobed. Calyx green, glabrous or faintly
puberulous, splitting spathaceously to the base of the 1°25 in.-long
parallel-veined limb, tube ‘25 in. long, very slightly infundibuliform.
Petals obloug, pure white, glabrous, 1°75 in. long, 1 in. wide. Stamens
10, all fertile, subequal, anthers linear, filaments hirsute in lower third.
Ovary long-stalked glabrous, style ‘Oo in. long, curved. Dod 4-5 in.
long, ‘6-7 in. broad, firm, glabrous, compressed, at length dehiscent,
strongly ribbed aloug each side of the upper suture, stipe *5 in. long.
Seeds 10-15, ovate, flattened, °3 in. long, ‘2 in. wide. DOC. Prodr. IT, 518 ;
Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31; Flor. Ind. IL,. 324; Wall. Cat. 5794; W. & A.
Prodr. 295 ; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 74; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I, 276.
B. candida Ait. Hort. Kew. 11, 49; DC. Prodr. 11, 513 not of Roxb,
B. purpurea Wall. Cat. 5797 (D only) not of Linn, |

ANDAMANS ; very common, IJfiig’s Collectors! Perak; Kunstler 413!
2386! 8283! Scortechini 1812! Manacca; Hervey ! ete. Duistris. China,
India, Indo-China, Malay Archipelago. i

~ § 3. Psanera Lour. Fertile stamens usually 3, sometimes 4-5.
179

180 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Calya-tube usually more or less produced ; limb 5-cleft or, very ge
spathaceous. Erect or scandent; flowers variable in size.

4, BAvHINEA PuR?UREA Linn. Sp. Pl. 375. An erect tree 20-30
feet high, with moderately stout glabrescent branches and without
tendrils. Leaves roundish, base shallowly cordate, apex divided one-
third to one-half down, sinus wideish, lobes rounded obtuse or subacute ;
rigidly subcoriaceous, 4-6 in. long and broad, medium green, glabrous
above, paler and glabrous or faintly puberulous beneath; nerves 9-11;
petiole 1°5 in. glabrous; stipules small membranous, triangular, ‘1 in.
long, deciduous. Flowers in terminal and axillary short-peduncled few-
fid. corymbs, 2-4 in. long; lower pedicels ‘25-5 in. long, puberulous
as is the rachis, bracts minute deltoid, deciduous; buds elavate 1°5 in.
long, tapering uniformly from the blunt apex to the base. Calya tawny-
downy, limb ‘9 in. long, splitting into 2 coriaceous valves slightly divided
at the apex into 5 short teeth, tube shghtly dilated upwards 6 in. long.
Petals 5, oblanceolate acute with long claw, white to purple, I-75 in.
long, *5 in, wide. Stamens 3-4 fertile, anthers lirear-oblong, filaments
white, as long as the petals. Ovary very long-stalked, puberulous, ovules
16-20, style stoutish -4 in. long, stigma rather large oblique peltate.
Pod glabrous 8-12 in. long, ‘8-1 in. across, tardily dehiscing, valves.
firm woody flat, rather pointed at both ends, stipe lin long. Seeds
12-16, compressed, orbicular, ‘5 in. in diam. testa brown. Roxb. Hort.
Beng. 31; Ham. in Trans. Linn. Soc. XIII, 497; Wall. Cat. 5797 in
part ; Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 320; W. & A. Predr. 296 « Bedd. Flor. Sylv.
92; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 284. B. triandra Rous Hort. Beng. 31 ;.
Wall. Cat. 5799; Roxb. Fl. Ind. IJ, 320. 2B. coromandeliana DC.
Prodr. I, 515. Phanera purpurea Benth. PE. Jungh. 262; Mig. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, 60.

Singapore; Hullett 218! perhaps planted. Distris.India; Indo-
China ; China.

%. BAvHINIA MOLLISsIMA Wall. Cat. 5782 (1830). A rather slender
climber, usually small but sometimes reaching 60-80 feet in length,
branches slender persistently rusty-tomentose ; apparently always
without tendrils. Leaves roundish, base cordate, apex divided one-third
down, sinus wide, lobes obtuse; rigidly subcoriaceous, 4—6 in. long,
rarely a little narrower than broad, bright-green ; above persistently pube-
rulous along the nerves, elséwhere densely papillose and velvety to the
touch but ultimately not hairy, beneath thinly persistently rusty-pubes-
cent; nerves 11-13; petiole 1:25-1'5 in., rusty-pubescent. Flowers in
leaf- Sabosbd racemes, peduncle subterete ‘5-2°5 in. long, compressed
towards tip, densely rusty- -tomentose, lower flowers usually deciduous,
bracts persistent ovate-acute under ‘1 in. long, pubescent externally,

180

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 181

glabrous within; pedicels ‘25 in. long, rusty-tomentose, 2-bracteolate
near the apex; buds narrowly clavate 2-2°5 in. long, the narrowly.
fusiform upper part rather shorter than the narrow slightly infundi-
buliform base. Calyx densely tawny- to rusty-tomentose limb splitting
into reflexed equal linear-lanceolate lobes 1-1:25 in. long, tube 1-1-25 in.
long. Petals 5, narrowly oblanceolate, the four lower 2 in. long, ‘3 in.
wide, reddish-brown with a central yellow streak, the upper 2°25 in.
long, ‘5 in. wide, bright-red with a central branching yellow line, all
narrowed into a long claw and pubescent externally. Stamens 3 fertile,
anthers linear-oblong, filaments yellowish, uniform, glabrous. Ovary
densely tawny-pubescent, stalk ‘5 in. long, tomentose as is the style ‘7 in.
long, stigma small peltate ; ovules 4-6. Pod pubescent, 4 in. long, 1 in.
wide, tapering to both ends, stipe ‘5 in. long. Seeds 1-2, compressed,
orbicular, about ‘4 in. in diam. B. elongata Korth. Nat. Verh, Gesch. 89
t. 24 (1839) ; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 281. B. purpurea Zoll. & Mor.
Syst. Verzeichn. 1; Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. 1JI, 69, not of Linn.
Phanera elongata Benth. Pl. Jungh. 262; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 61.
B. Pottsii G. Don, Gen. Syst. I, 462.

Perak; Scortechini! Kunstler 1024! 2461!5165! Kepan; at Yau,
Ridley 5206! Penana; Porter (Wall. Cat. 5782)! Manacca; Maingay
542/2! Distris. Northwards to Tenasserim; southwards to the Malay
Archipelago. |

The name given by Korthals being of considerably later date than that employed
by Wallich, Dr. Wallich’s name is here adopted. Korthals’ figure conveys a rather
inaccurate idea of the colour of the flower, the true nature of which is given from
a full field-note made by Mr. Kunstler.

6. BaAuvHINIA ALBO-LUTEA Prain. A slender shrubby climber with
slender rusty-pubescent branches, tendrils few circinate glabrous.
Leaves roundish, base cordate, apex divided one-third down, sinus
narrow apiculate, lobes usually subacute; rigidly subcoriaceous, 2°5—4
in. long, often rather broader than long, dark-green; glabrous above,
persistently puberulous, rarely closely pubescent, beneath ; nerves
11-18; petiole 1°5-2°5 in., sparsely puberulous ; stipules oblong-obtuse,
‘2 in. long persistent. Flowers in few-flowered lax pyramidal terminal
racemes, 3-4 in. long, 3 in. across, pedicels rusty-puberulous erecto-
patent the lower L5-175 in. long, bracts lanceolate ‘2 in. long, bracteoles
subulate *15 in., deciduous ; buds club-shaped, ‘9 in. long, the obovoid
upper part exceeding the ampulleform base. Calyx rusty-puberulons,
limb splitting into reflexed lanceolate segments ‘5 in, long, ‘1 in. wide,
tube ‘4 in. long, slightly dilated towards base. Petals cream-coloured,
5 subequal, oblanceolate subacute distinctly clawed, 1:25 in. long, 3 in.
wide, glabrous within, and glabrous externally except on the claw and

—

181

182 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula:

along the lower third of the midrib. Stamens 3 fertile, anthers linear-,
oblong, filaments uniform 15 in. long. Ovary distinetly stalked, rusty-
pubescent, style slender glabrous, ‘8 in. long, stigma oblique peltate.
Pod thin oblong with black glabrous woedy valves. Seeds 2 ( fide
Miquel). Bauhinia ferruginea Kurz Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLV, 2. 128
(Enum. Pl. Nicobars) ; loc. cit. 289 (Burm. Flora) not of Roxb. Phanera
albe-lutea Mig. Flor, Ind. Bat, I, 1079.

Nicopars; Great Nicobar, Jelinek 241! Dustris. Indo-China ;
Sumatra,

It is rather strange that this species should occur in Burma, the Nicobars
and Sumatra and not have as yet been gathered in the Malay Peninsula. It is
nearer to B. semibijida than to B. ferruginea, with which Mr. Kurz has placed it, both
on account of its long pedicels and because of its almost glabrous petals, but it
differs very markedly as regards bracts and stipules as well as in its ovary which
has a glabrous style. Its nearest allies are, however, the Indian B. nervosa which
differs in having pubescent petals, and the Sumatran B. stipularis Korth., which
differs in having petals with cordate instead of cuneate bases.

7. BAUHINIA SEMIBIFIDA Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31. A very strong
climber often exceeding 30 feet in length, with stems 4-6 in. thick;
branchlets stoutish brightly rusty-silky, teudrils glabrous few, thick,
woody, circinate. Leaves roundish, base cordate, apex divided one-third —
to one-half down, sinus narrow apiculate, lobes round or subacute;
rigidly subcoriaceous, 2-3 in. long, sometimes a little narrower than
broad, light-green and glabrous above, beneath with reddish rather
densely rusty nerves, elsewhere sparsely adpressed-rusty silky; nerves
9-11; petiole 1-l'5 in., sparsely rusty-silky, stipules broadly ovate,
falcate, ‘15 im. long, very deciduous. Flowers in pyramidal terminal
racemes 4-10 in, long, 3 in. across, pedicels erecto-patent, rusty-pubes-
cent, 1-15 in. long, bracts ‘2 in. long, lanceolate, deciduous; buds
club-shaped ‘9-1:2 in. long, the obovoid upper part exceeding the
ampulleform base. Calyx deusely rusty-pubescent, limb splitting into
reflexed lanceolate segments ‘5-°7 in. long, ‘15 in. wide, tube dilated
slightly towards base, ‘4-5 in. long. Petals 5 subequal, oblanceolate
obtuse, shortly clawed, *8—l in. long, *35 in. wide, dull, white, glabrous
except on the claw and along the base of the midrib externally where
there is a faint rusty pubescence. Stamens 3 fertile, authers linear-
oblong, filaments white, uniform, shorter than the petals. Ovary dis-
tinctly stalked densely rusty-silky, ovules 6-8, style thick silky stout, —
‘4 in. loug; stigma large oblique peltate. Pod thin oblong, with black
glabrous woody valves, 4 in. long, 1:25 in. wide, stipe °35 in. long.
Seeds 4-6, flattened, orbicular, °5 in. in diam. Wall. Pl. As. Rar. t. 253;
Cat. 5783 ; Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 330; Wight Ic. t. 263; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. I, 280. Phanera semibifida Benth. Pl. Jungh. 263; Mig. Flor.

182

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 185

Ind, Bat. 1,61. Bauhinia ferruginea var, excelsa Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II,
283; not Phanera excelsa Bl. Phanera sumatrana Miq.. Flor. Ind. Bat. I,
1078. :

Matacca; Griffith 1868; Mount Ophir, Lobb! Sincarorn; Lobb !
Maingay 542/3! Schomburgk 60! Hullett 55! 1461! Kunstler 1251!
Ridley! Disrris. Sumatra; Borneo.

This is very near indeed to B. ferruginea, but is easily distinguished by the
pubescence on the ontside of the petals being limited toa line on the centre near
the base. /’hanera excelsa Bl., from Borneo, reduced by Korthals to Bawhinia ferru-
ginea is a quite distinct species, recently again reported by Hullett (n. 246). The
Malacca specimen collected by Griffith which Mr. Baker refers to B. ferruginea VAR.
excelsa is not at Calcutta, but Maingay 542/3 referred at Kew to the same variety is,
at Calcutta, exactly the same as typical B. swmatrana Miq. and is therefore only a
large form of B. semibifida. Another Maingayan sheet (n. 542/2, reterred also to

B. ferruginea VAR. excelsa) is, at Calcutta, the quite different B. mollissima Wall.
(B. elongata Korth.).

8. BavainrA Hvnturrit Prain. <A strong shrubby climber reaching
20 feet in length, branchlets stoutish pubescent, tendrils few circinate
pubescent. Leaves roundish, base cordate; apex divided one-third down,
sinus narrow apiculate, lobes round; rigidly subcoriaceous, 2°5-4 in.
long, rather longer than broad, dark-green sparsely pubescent above,
paler and closely adpressed-pubescent beneath ; nerves 9-11; petiole
1+1°5 in., densely pubescent ; stipules orbicular hirsute foliaceous, *5 in.
in diam., persistent. . Flowers in lax few-fld. lateral leaf-opposed racemes,
3-6 in. long, 3 in. across, pedicels erecto-patent densely rusty-tomentose,
1°25-1'5 in. long, bracts lanceolate -25 in. long as are the linear brac-
teoles ‘15 in. long; buds club-shaped, ‘7-9 in. long, the obovoid upper
part exceeding the ampulleform ‘base. Calyx pubescent, rose-red as
are the pedicels, limb splitting into reflexed lanceolate segments ‘4—‘5 in.
long, ‘L in. wide, tube slightly dilated towards base, *3—4 in. long. Petals
rose-pink, 5 subequal, oblanceolate-obtuse, long-clawed, 1°25 in. long,
‘4 in. wide, far exserted, glabrous within, very densely tomentose exter-
nally. Stamens 3 fertile, anthers linear-oblong, filaments uniform pink,
2in. long. Ovary distinctly stalked, densely silky, style thick tomentose
stout, 1:2 in. long, stigma large oblique peltate. Pod unknown.

PEnanGa; Curtis 784! J. Scott ! Kunstler 1347! Perak; Wray 177! t
Mauacca ; Fitevting 775 ! ;

Very near B. Grifithiana but differs in having the Seanitiede though similar, very

much smaller; in having the leaves pubescent instead of glabrous;-in having long-
pedicelled lax-flowered lateral corymbs instead of short-pedicelled dense-flowered

: terminal ones, and in having the flowers red or pink.

_ 9, Bavaria Grirriraiana Prain. A very strong shrubby climber
reaching 20 feet in length, branchlets stout glabrous, tendrils few cir-
183

184 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

cinate, glabrous. Leaves roundish, base cordate, apex divided one-third
down, sinus narrow apiculate, lobes round; rigidly subcoriaceous, 2°5—4
in. long, about as long as broad, dark-green shining above, paler beneath,
quite glabrous on both surfaces ; nerves 9-11 ; petiole 1-15 in. glabrous ;
stipules orbicular foliaceous, ‘75 in. in diam., persistent. Flowers in
pyramidal terminal racemes 3°5-6 in. long, 3 in. across, pedicels spread-
ing, rusty-pubescent, ‘4 in. long, bracts ovate ‘3 in. long, ‘25 in. wide,
subpersistent as are the two similar subequal bracteoles; buds club-
shaped 1 in. long, the broadly obovoid upper part exceeding the ampul-
leform base. Calyx rusty-puberulous, limb splitting into reflexed
lanceolate segments ‘6 in. long, ‘15 in wide, tube slightly dilated towards
base ‘4 in. long. Petals bright-yellow, 5 subequal, oblanceolate obtuse,
shortly clawed, 1:25-1'5 in. long, -4—'5 in. wide, glabrous within, densely
tomentose externally. Stamens 3 fertile, anthers linear-oblong, fila-
ments red, dilated in the middle, 2 in long. Ovary distinctly stalked,
densely silky ; ovules 6-8; style thick silky, stout, °6 in. long, stigma
large oblique peltate. Pod thin, oblong, with black glabrous woody
valves, 5 in. long, 1:5 in. wide, stipe 35 in. long. Seeds 4-6, flattened,
ovate, ‘5 in. long, 35 in. across. Bauhinia ferruginea var. Grifithiana
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 283. Phanera Grifithiana Benth. Pl. Jungh.
263 ; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 65.

Mauacca; Griffith 1867! Maingay 542! Hervey! Derry 188! Holm-
berg 775! Perak; Scortechini 298! Pananc; Ridley 2606!

This agrees in foliage with B. ferruginea with which Mr, Baker has united
it, and it has the same pubescence on the ontside of the petals. But it differs
considerably in flower and very markedly in the nature of its bracts and of its
large persistent stipules and Mr. Bentham seems to the writer to have been undonbt-
edly justified in treating it as specifically distinct. It is in reality more nearly
allied to B. Hullettit which has however pink flowers and pubescent leaves, and has
the long-pedicelled flowers of B. semibijida and B. albo-lutea, than it is to the species
in which Mr. Baker includes it.

10. Bavwtnia FerructneA Roxb. Hort. Beng. 90. A very strong
shrubby climber sometimes exceeding 20 feet, branchlets stoutish soon
glabrescent, tendrils few circinate glabrous. Leaves roundish, base cor-
date, apex divided one-third down, sinus narrow apiculate, lobes round ;
rigidly subcoriaceous, 2°5—4 in. long, always about as broad as long, dark-
green, shining and glabrous above, paler and glabrous beneath ; nerves
9-11; petiole 1-15 in., glabrous ; stipules broadly ovate, faleate, *15 in.
long, very deciduous. Flowers in pyramidal terminal racemes 3°5-6 in.
long, 3 in. across, pedicels spreading, rusty-pubescent, *4 in. long, bracts
‘2 in. long, lanceolate, deciduous ; buds club-shaped 1 in. long, the broadly °
obovoid upper part exceeding the ampulleform base. Calyx rusty-
puberulous, limb splitting into reflexed lanceolate segments *6 in. long,

184

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 185

‘15 in. wide, tube slightly dilated towards base, ‘4 in. long. Petals pale
greenish-yellow, 5 subequal, oblanceolate-obtuse, shortly clawed, 1—1-25 in.
long, ‘35 in, wide, glabrous within, densely tomentose externally. Stamens
3 fertile, anthers linear-oblong, filaments pink, uniform, 2 in. long.
Ovary distinctly stalked, densely silky ; ovules 6-8; style thick, silky,
stout, ‘6 in. long, stigma large oblique peltate. Pod thin, oblong, with
black glabrous woody valves, 8 in. long, 2 in. wide, stipe ‘5 in. long.
Seeds 4-6, flattened, broadly ovate, “5 in. long, “4 in. across. Wall. Cat.
5776; Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 331; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 283 excel.
both the varieties and the syn. of Korthals and G. Don. Phuanera ferru-
ginea Beuth, Pl. Jungh. 262; Miq: Flor. Ind. Bat. 1, 62.

Perak; Wray 622! 1258! Scortechini 67! Bunstler 2508! 3492!
6173! Penana; Porter (Wall. Cat. 5776)! Curtis 211!

This is very near to B. semibijida Roxb. but is at onee distinguished by its petals
being externally uniformly pubescent.

Bauhinia ferruginea Korth., referred by Mr. Baker to Roxburgh’s plant, is an
exceedingly distinct species. Korthal’s plant is, in fact, the basis of Phanera ezcelsa
Miq., which Mr. Baker elsewhere separates (as to citation) as a variety of B. ferru-
ginea. The plant described as vAR. excelsa by Mr. Baker is, however, still another
species (B. sumatrana Miq., which is only a form of B. semibifida). B. Pottsii
G. Den, also referred here by Mr. Baker, has a tomentose pod and therefore cannot
possibly be the present species. Dsn’s plint is doubtless B. mollissima Wall. which
is the only tomentose-fruited species at all nearly related to the present one.

11. Baunutyra Ripteyt Prain. A, very stiong shrubby climber
reaching 20 feet in length, branches stoutish, thinly but persistently
rusty-silky, tendrils few circinate persistently silky. eaves roundish,
base cordate, apex divided one-third down, sinus narrow apiculate, lobes
usually snbacute; rigidly subcoriaceous, 2°5-4 in. long, sometimes a
little longer than broad, dark-green strigose above, densely adpressed-
pubescent beneath ; nerves 9-11; petiole °75—-1 in., densely rusty-pubes-
cent; stipales ovate-lanceolate, falcate, 15 in. long, very deciduous.
Flowers in densely congested terminal corymbs 2 in. long and broad,
pedicels densely silky ‘3 in. long, spreading, bracts and bracteoles equal
orbicular, persistent, densely tomentose, °25 in. long; buds club-shaped
“7 in. long, the obovoid upper part exceeding the ampulleform base.
Calyx densely softly rusty-pubescent, limb splitting into reflexed lanceo-
late segments ‘4 in. long, ‘1 in. wide, tube ‘3 in. long, slightly dilated
towards base. Petils pure-white, 5 subequal, oblong-obtuse, hardly
clawed, not exserted, glabrous within, densely tomentose externally,
‘4—5 in, long, ‘2 in. wide. Stamens 3 fertile, anthers crimson, linear- —
oblong, filaments *75 in. long, uniform, red. Ovary shortly stalked,
densely tomentose, style thick, tomentose, stort, ‘5 in. long, stigma large .

oblique peltate. Pod unknown.
185

Lee
oh” + .
f
wet bo a bs
——— ,

186 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Perak; Scortechint 140! 519! Kunstler 1096! Penana; Ridley !
Curtis 1291! Jonore; King and Hullett ! :

Very nearly related to B. ferruginea, B. Hullettii, B. Grifithiana, and like these
species with petals densely pubescent outside; it is, however, easily recognised by
its dense corymbs and by its short petals, riot at all exserted.

12. Bavuarnia GuAuca Wall. Cat. 5785. A spreading climber with
glabrous slender branchlets ; tendrils numerous circinate rusty-puberu-
lous. Leaves cordate at base, bifid to the middle with obtuse lobes and a
narrow sinus; firm, thinly coriaceous, rather broader than long, 2-3 in.
across, glabrous above, thinly persistently adpressed rusty-pubescent
especially on the nerves beneath ; nerves 9-11; petiole °75—-1°25 in. long,
stipules linear-subulate ‘2in, long. Flowers in copious, dense, peduncled
or very rarely subsessile, leaf-opposed and terminal corymbs, the pedun-
cles sparsely rusty often 1-2 in. long, lower pedicels ‘5-75 in. long
sparsely rusty, bracts and bracteoles linear-subulate, -15—2 in. long;
buds clove-shaped °65 in. long, the ovoid head one-half shorter than the
ridged cylindric base. Calya glabrous, limb splitting into sabequal ovate-
acute lobes °25 in. long, tube 4 in, long, puberulous within. Petals 5
subequal, cream-coloured, oblong very long-clawed, wavy at the margin,
‘75 in. long, sparsely pubescent externally. Stamens 3 fertile, anthers
short-oblong, filaments white uniform glabrous, ‘9 in. long, exceeding
the petals, declinate. Ovary glabrous with a distinct slender stalk and
a stoutish style, ‘15 in. long, slightly incurved ; stigma small; ovules
about 20. Pod thin glabrous, flat, 6-8 in. long, 1-5—2°5 in. across, stipe
‘25-3 in. long. Seeds 15-20 in a line down the centre of the pod, much
compressed, oval, *5in. long, ‘din. wide. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, +82.
Phanera glauca Benth. Pl. Jungh. 265; Miq. Flor, Ind. Bat. I, 68, t. 2 A.

Prrak ; Scortechint 219! Wray 3332! Penane; fide Baker. D1s-
yrip. Indo-China; China; Malayan Archipelago. :

The pods are like those of B. diphylla but smaller and with shorter stipe. Its
nenrest allies ure the Chinese B. corymbosa with similar but smaller leaves and with
similar flowers but with narrow pods, and the Assim B. tenuiflora with similar pods
but with less deeply bifid leaves and with « much longer calyx-tube. Mr. Baker has
seen a variety from Singapore with smaller leayes (VaR. parvifolia); this has not
yet been sent to Calcutta.

13. Bavaria corntrouia Bak. in Flor. Brit, Ind. I], 278. <A very
large slender creeper 100-150 feet long, stems 2-3 in. in diam., branches
slender, thinly rusty-downy, tendrils few circinate downy. eaves very
slightly cordate at base, narrowed gradually to an obtuse or subacute
enti:e or rarely bifid point, half as long again as broad, 2°5-3°5 m. long,
1°5-2°5 in. across, rather rigidly subcoriaceous, dark-green and glabrous
above, thinly «dpressed brown-silky beneath; 7- (rarely 5-) nerved ;
petiole 1 in. long, puberulous, slightly thickened at both ends. Flowers

186

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 1&7

in dense terminal corymbs, 4 in long and broad ; pedicels rusty, erecto-
patent, the lower 1:75 in. long, bracts very small deciduous ; bunds elove-
shaped, the cylindric base much longer than the spherical apiculate
upper portion. Calyx rusty-downy, limb splitting into 5 subequal ovate
shortly acuminate lobes ‘25 in. long, ‘2 in. across; tube cylindric ‘6-7
in. long. Petals 5 subequal, deep orange-yellow at length becoming
brick-red, oblanceolate-oblong very shortly clawed, °8 in. long, ‘5 in. wide,
externally sparsely rusty-pnbescent. Stamens 3 fertile, anthers shortly
oblong, filaments much shorter than petals. Ovary densely rusty-downy,
shortly stalked, style -2 in. long; stigma large peltate. Pod oblong
woody, 4 in. long, 2 in. wide, externally finely adpressed rusty-pubescent ;
stipe ‘15-"2 in. long. Seeds about 4, much compressed, dark-brown, 1
in. long, ‘7 in. across. |

Penance; Grifith; Kurz! Hnullett 123! Curtis 4&8! Matacca;
Maingay 545! Perax; Mwiistler 6261!

Very closely related to B. bidentata but differing in having larger flowers, puhes-
cent pods, and leaves slightly downy beneath. ‘The character derived from the
leaf-apex, which appeared reliable when Mr. Baker’s account of the Indian Banhinias
was published 20 years ago, is now proved, by the large suites of specimens sent to
Herb. Calcutta during recent years, to fail within the limits of both of these species.

14, Bavninta Brpentata Jack, Malay. Mise. I], 7, 76. A very
large strong creeper over 150 feet long, or sometimes, when growing
apart, shrubby or even tree-like (Kunstler, Hullett), branches slender
glabrescent, tendrils few circinate quite glabrous. Leaves very slightly
cordate at base, sometimes truncate, narrowed gradually to an obtuse or
sub-acute bifid or entire point, half as long again as broad, 2°5—5 in. long,
1°5-3°5 in. across, rather rigidly subcoriaceous, dark-green shining above,
pale beneath, glabrous on both surfaces ; 7—9-nerved ; petiole 1 in. long,
glabrous, slightly thickened at both ends. JFlowers in dense terminal
corymbs 3 in. long and broad; pedicels finely pubescent, erecto-patent,
the lower 1°5 in. long, bracts ultimately deciduous, ovate-acute, *15 in.
long; buds clove-shaped, the cylindric base mnch longer than the
spherical acute but not apiculate upper portion. Calyx puberulous, limb
splitting into subequal ovate-acute lobes ‘3 in. long, ‘2 in. across; tube
cylindric striate 1 in. long. Petals subequal, deep orange-yellow at,
length becoming scarlet, oblong, spreading, shortly clawed, “6 in. Jong,
‘35 in. wide, externally sparsely rusty-pubescent. Stamens 3 fertile,

~ anthers shortly oblong, filaments short hirsute. Ovary sparsely pubes-

cent, distinctly stalked, style -2 in. long, stigma large peltate. Pod |
oblong woody, 4°5 in. long, 1:5 in. wide, externally quite glabrous, stipe

25 in long. Seeds 4-5, much compressed, ‘5 in. long, °35 in. wide.

Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. I, 223; Wall. Cat. 5778; Bak. in Flor. Brit,
18ee?

188 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

‘Ind. II, 279. Phanera bidentata Benth. Pl. Jungh. 263; Miq. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, 64.

Perak; “Scortechini 93! 248! Wray 1628! Kunstler 803! 1000!
3130! 3183! 3528! 4797! 6533! Penana; Porter (Wall. Cat. 5778)!
Hullett 181! Kunstler 1800! Curtis 136! Setancor ; Ridley 318! JoHORE ;
King! Hullett 883! Disters. Sumatra (Lorbes!) ; Philippines.

Nearest to B. cornifolia Bak.

15. Bavaria cucipA Wall Cat. 5779 A. A large creeper more
than 100 feet long, with stoutish glabrous branches; tendrils long
circinate glabrous. eaves usually distinctly cordate at the base,

tapering from below the middle to an ultimately abruptly shortly acn-
winate point; rather longer than broad, 3-5 in. long, 2-2°5 in. wide,

rigidly subcoriaceous, bright-green shining above, elabrous on both sur-
faces, 5-(rarely 7-) nerved ; petiole *3—'4 in. ‘long, glabrous. Flowers in
lax long-peduncled copious paniculate racemes, terminal and extending
into the axils of the upper leaves, 4-6 in. long, 2 in. across; pedicels
rusty-puberulous, erecto-patent, subequal throughout the raceme, rarely
exceedirg 75 in. long, bracts lanceolate, deciduous, *2 in. long, bracteoles
2 subpersistent, subopposite, subulate, ‘15 in. long, near base of calyx-
tube; bud clove-shaped, the subcylindric base as long as the obovoid
blunt upper portion. Calya closely rusty-tomentose, limb splitting into
subequal ovate-obtuse lobes *25 in. long, ‘2 in. across; tube subcylindric
‘25 in. long. Petals subequal, bright-yellow, ovate-oblong, long-clawed,
‘8 in. long, ‘5 in. across, externally rusty-pnbescent. Stamens 3 fertile,
anthers shortly oblong. Ovary glabrous except on sutures near the
base, stalk distinct pubescent; style ‘15 in. long, glabrous, stigma large
peltate. Pod narrowly oblong, woody, 3°5 in. long, | in. wide, narrow-
ing towards the base, valves glabrous ; stipe *25 in. long, rusty-pubescent.
Seeds 4-6, irregularly orbicular, compressed, ‘4 in. across. Bauhinia
emarginata Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. TI], 273 not of Mill. and hardly of
Jack. Phanera lucida Benth Pl. Jungh. 262.

Penance; Porter (Wall. Cat. 5779)! Perak; Wray 2127! Scortechini
66! 1534! Kuustler 3434! 3902! 6659 !

Mr. Bentham and Mr. Baker both refer to this species B. emarginata Jack, from
Sumatra. But Jack’s plant has, by the original description, corymbose racemes
with long pedicelled flowers and has tomentose ovaries. It is therefore quite clear
that it cannot be the same as B. lucida Wall. In any case the use of the name
‘emarginata’ is to be deprecated, seeing that it was applied to a Mexican species (B.
emarginata Mill. Dict.; ed. VIII, 5) before Jack’s name was published.

16. Bavnrta Scorrrcuinnu Prain. A large climber with slender
branches, glabrous except at the rusty-puberulous tips, tendrils long
circinate puberulous. Leaves one anda half times as long as broad,

188

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 189

very shallowly cordate or truncate at base, from which they taper gradu-
ally to the junction of upper and middle third thence more abruptly
to a bifid tip; 3°5—4 in. long, 2-2°5 in. wide, rigidly coriaceous, dark-
green and shining above, uniformly densely rusty-tomentose beneath ;
nerves 9, rarely 7; sinus ‘75 in. deep, very narrow; petiole 1°5 in. long,
glabrous, thickened at both ends. Flowers in lax, few-fld., terminal short
racemes under 2 in. long; pedicels and rachis rusty-pubescent, the
former erecto-patent, aubiquta throughout, the lowest not exceeding ‘5
n.; bracts lanceolate subpersistent 15 in. long, bracteoles 2 subper-
sistent subopposite subulate, “15 in. long; bud ‘5 in. long, clove-shaped,
the cylindric base as long as the spherical upper portion. Calyz closely
rusty-tomentose, limb splitting into subequal ovate lobes; tube cylindric
‘25 in. long. Petals subequal ovate, externally densely rusty-tomentose
(fully opened flowers not seen). Stamens 3 sometimes 4 fertile, anthers
short oblong, filaments hirsute. Ovary rusty-pubescent, stalk and style
distinct, the latter glabrous; stigma large peltate Pod not seen.

Perak; Scortechini 698 !

This species is evidently very closely related to B. lucida with which it agrees
altogether in inflorescence and largely in shape of leaf. Jt differs however in having
the leaves densely tomentose beneath and in having them all deeply bifid at the tip.
The colonr of the flower has not been noted by Father Scortechini, but the petals, in
the dried state, are exactly like those of the numerous species that are noted ag
having orange-yellow flowers which redden with age, and are unlike those petals that
are noted as white. Owing to the absence of fully opened flowers the dimensions
of petals and the lengths of stipe and style cannot be given.

17. Bavninta Kineu Prain. A small climber with slender zig-zag
glabrous branches, tendrils circinate glabrous, often much thickened.
Leaves deeply cordate often slightly subpeltate at base, narrowed gra-
dually from the rounded basal lobes to an ultimately shortly acn-
minate emarginate or often deeply bifid rarely entire apex, rather
longer than broad, 35-4 in. long, 25-3 in. wide, rigidly coriaceous,
medium-green, glabrous and shining above, pale and puberulous along
the nerves, very sparsely adyressed-pubescent elsewhere beneath ; very
uniformly 5-nerved, the nerves much branched outwards; petiole 1 in.
long, glabrous. Flowers in lax, lateral axillary and terminal corymbs,
3 in. long, 2'5 in. broad, sometimes forming large loose leafless or leafy
zig-zag panicles 6 in. across and at times 1-1-5 ft. long; pedicels very
sparsely puberulons, spreading, the lowest 1°25 in, long; bracts at base
‘2 in. long, lanceolate ; bracteoles near apex ‘1 in. long eS both
deciduous; bud clove-shaped, ‘5 in. long, the narrowly-infundibuliform °
base as Foigs as the subglobose Sa akide upper part. Calyx closely
rusty-pubescent, limb splitting into subequal ovate, very shortly acu-
minate lobes ‘25 in. long, ‘2 in. across; tube narrow-infundibuliform,

189

190° Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

-95 in. long, ‘15 in. in diam. at apex. Petals subequal, bright-red ( Wray),
oblanceolate-obtuse, long-clawed, ‘8 in. long, ‘25 in. wide, externally
rusty-pubescent. Stamens 3 fertile, anthers shortly oblong, filaments |
hirsute. Ovary rusty-pubescent along sutures, long-stalked ; style long,
curved, puberulous, ‘25 in. long, stigma large peltate. Pod small, quite
glabrous; woody, narrowly ovate, tapering to both ends, 2 in. long,
‘8 in. across; stipe ‘2 in. long, pubescent. Seeds 1 or 2, ovate, com-
pressed, ‘3 in. long, *2 in. across.

Perak; Scortechint 320! on Gunong Batu Pateh, at 4500 feet, Wray
392! Serancor; Bukit Etam, Kellsall 2001! Disrris. Borneo?

This is an exceedingly distinct species, more nearly approaching B. Finlay-
soniana than any of the other Peninsular species, but amply distinct in the shape
and colour of its flowers, the smaller size of its pods, the pubescence on its leaves
beneath; also in the shape of the leaves and the type of nervation. Beccari n.
835, from Borneo, of which however there are only 2 leaves and one flower at
Calcutta, appears to be the same.

18. Bacurtnia Finnaysonrana Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5801. A large
climber, over 100 feet long, branches slender glabrous, tendrils few
circinate glabrous. Leaves slightly cordate at base, oblong, narrowed
yather suddenly from above the middle to an obtuse or emarginate or
acute point; about twice as long as broad, 3-5 in. long, 16-2°5 in.
across, rigidly coriaceous, medium-green, glibrous on both surfaces, 5-
(rarely 3-) nerved; petiole ‘3-4 in. long, glabrous. Flowers in rather
lax, terminal corymbs 3-4 in. long, 2-3 in. across; pedicels closely rusty-
pubescent, erecto-patent, the lowest 1 in. long; bracts lanceolate, -15 in.
long, deciduous; buds clove-shaped, the subcylindric base rather shorter
than the ovoid-acute upper portion. Culyx densely 1usty-tomentose,
limb splitting into subequal ovate-acnte Icbes °25 in. long, 2 in. across ;
tube subcylindric, *2 in long. Petals subequal, creamy-white or pale
yellow, orbicular, distinctly clawed, “6 in. long, ‘5 in. across, externally
rusty-pubescent. Stamens 3 fertile, anthers shortly oblong. Ovary
densely pubescent along sutures and on the distinct stalk, style short
(15 in.), glabrous, stigma large peltate. Pod (not quite ripe) linear-
oblong, woody, 2 in. long, 6 in. wide. Seeds 4-6. Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind II, 278. Phanera Finlaysoniana Benth. Pl. Jungh. 262.)

PenanG; foot of Government hill, Curtis 295! PrraKx; Scortechinit
247! 1463! Kunstler 3589! Wray 2300! Drsrere. Siam (Finlayson).

Mr. Bentham describes this as h:ving almost glabrous petals; this is not the
case in the Peninsular specimens. “Both Mr. Bentham and Dr. Miquel doubt
whether it be more than a form of B. lucida; it is, however, extremely distinct from
that species and is much more nearly related to B. Kockiana Korth. (Verh. Nat.
Geschied. 87, t. 10), which differs mainly in usually having 3-nerved leaves and in
always having rather longer pedicels and a much longer calyx-tube. Dr, Finlayson’s

190

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 191

specimens are said by Mr. Bentham to be from the Malay Archipelago, by Mr. Baker
to be from the Peninsula; we know, however, from Dr, Wallich’s correspondence
that the m»jovity of Finlayson’s specimens, more particularly those without any
definite locality, came from Siam. te

19, BauntxrA Wrayt Prain. A shrubby creeper 15-30 feet long,
with slender glabrous branches and circinate glabrous tendrils. Leaves
flexible, truncate very rarely cordate at the base, tapering from about
the middle to an acute entire, very rarely an obtuse emarginate apex,
rather longer than broad, 2-3 in. long, 1'25—1°75 in. across, medium-
green, glabrous above, glancescent vlabrous or faintly puberulous only
on the nerves beneath ; very uniformly 5-nerved ; petiole slender, glab-
rous, ‘)—6 in. long. lowers in dense close-fid. terminal and axillary
racemes, 2°5—4 in. long, the lower flowers deciduous except the few that
become fertilised, the remaining terminal portion corymbose 2°5 in. long
and broad; pedicels very slender, thickening in fruit, 1°35 in. long,
sparsely rusty as is the slightly nodose main-rachis, bracts subulate
*2 in. long, very deciduous; bud clove-shaped, only ‘2 in. long, the
spherical minutely apiculate upper part in diameter ‘equalling the length
of the slender cylindric base. Calyx glabrous, tube *15 in. long, limb
splitting into 5 spathulate subequal lobes °15 in. long. Petuls pale
greenish-yellow, or white at length pinkish, broadly oblanceolate, long-
clawed, 6 in. long, ‘2 in. across, margins slightly wavy, sparsely pubes-
cent externally. Stamens 3 fertile, anthers shortly oblong. Ovary small,
3d—4 ovuled, distinctly stalked, quite glabrous throughout, style ‘15 in.
long, stigma small peltate. Pod obovate to oblong-obtuse, tapering to
base, thin, woody, stipe ‘2 in. long, 2-3 in. long, 1 in. across, quite glab-
rous. SeeJs 1-2, rarely 3, very much compressed, broadly ovate, *d in.
long, “4 in. across, testa dark-brown, dull.

Perak; Kunstler 2238! 2466! 4049! 5243! Scortechini 1652?

Wray 1934! 2782! Senancor; Kunstler 8758 !
Very distinct frcm any other Peninsular species, and by its inflorescence (in
_ which it most resembles B. integrifolia among the Phaneras) connecting Phanera with
Lasiobema, its small flowers approaching those of the latter section. It is extremely
nearly allied to a Bornean species (represented by Mottley n. 376 and Haviland n.
95) which differs in having deeply cordate leaves, in having quite glabrous pedicels,
and in having the petals, thongh similarly crenulate, larger aud almost glabrous.
It is just possible that the Borneo plant may be the lost B. cordifolia Roxb.

20. BauwinrA inreceironta Roxb. Hort. Beng. 90. A large climber —
over 100 feet long, branches slender rasty-puberulous, tendrils circinate
rusty. Leaves usually deeply cordate, always about as long as broad, ©
mostly 4-6 in. across and with a deltoid apical sinus ‘4-‘6 in. deep;
the leaves in the region of inflorescences usually small 1°25 in. long, 1 |
in. across, not infrequently entire; the leaves on young root-shools

191

/

192 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

or seedlings paler and larger often 8 in. across, much broader than
long with an obtuse-angled sinus reaching nearly halfway down and
with divergent deltoid lobes 3-4 in. long; thinly subcoriaceous, bright-
green, glabrous and shining above, at times brownish underneath
especially on the nerves which are sometimes rusty-puberulous; nerves
11, very rarely 9; petiole glabrous cylindric thickened at both ends,
usually 1°75-2°25 in. long, upper petioles in inflorescence "25-6 in.
only; petioles of young shoots and seedlings sometimes exceeding 4
in. Flowers in terminal leafy panicles a fovut long, the individual
racemes dense cluse-fid., 3-6 in. long, the lower flowers deciduous
except the few that are fertilised, the remaining terminal portion
corymbose 3 in. long and broad; pedicels very slender, t! ickening
in fruit, 15 in. long, spreading, rusty-pubescent as is the nodose
main-rachis; bracts very short, ovate-acute, sometimes persisting ; bud
‘clove-shaped, ‘35 in. long, the cylindric base slightly shorter than the
ovate upper part. Calya rusty-pubescent, tube ‘15 in. long, limb split-
ting into 5 subequal ovate-acute lobes ‘2 in. long. Petals 5 subequal,
bright-yellow passing with age to orange and brick-red, broadly obovate,
long-clawed, ‘7 in. long, “3 in. wide, margins slightly wavy, very densely
rusty-pubescent externally. Stamens 3 fertile, anthers shortly oblong.
Ovary 4—6-ovuled, densely pubescent, shortly stalked, style very long, “6
in., glabrous, stigma small peltate. Pod oblong, flat, woody, 7-8 in. long,
2-5 in. actoss, externally pubescent, stipe "15 in. long only. Seeds 3-5,
very much compressed, broadly ovate, 9 in, long *7 in. across, margin
deeply notched at micropyle; funicle flat triangular ‘5 in. long, *5 in.
broad at base, narrowing obliquely tothe hilum. Wall. Cat. 5780;
Roxb. Flor. Ind. 1], 331; Bak. in. Flor. Brit. Ind. IH, 279. Phancra
inteyrifolia Benth. Pl, Jungh. 263; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 64 and Suppl.
ZOO.

Panane; Ridley 1860! 5023! Penana; .Wallich 5780 B! Curtis
300! 500! 501! Prov. Wetuestey; Kunstler 1608! Perak; Scortechine
98! 515! 1174! Kunstler 819! 964! 3585! 3947! 4897! 5538! Wray
46! Matacca; Maingay 541! 544! Hullett 89! Hervey! Derry 6! 76!
484! 1118! Holmberg 850! 866! Goodenough 1276! 1672! Disrts.
Sumatra.

Like B. Wrayi this species serves to connect Phunera with Lasiobema. In
Perak, Mr. Wray informs us, the Malay name of this species is Dadau; he says
that string and rope are made from the inner bark. Dr. Jack, on the other hand
limits the name Dadaub,in Sumatra, to his B. emarginata. In Malacea there appears
to be some dubiety as to the Malay name of the species, the following being those
noted:—Akar Katop-Katop (Derry, 1118; Holmberg, 866; Goodenough, 1276) :
Akar tupak kuda merah (Goodenough, 1672): Saruw (Holmberg, 850): Panga Saraw
(Derry, 484).

192

Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula. 193

2). Bavwinia auaBrironiA Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 281. A
slender climber 50-80 feet long, stem 1°5 in. in diam., branchlets slender
at first grey-silky, tendrils few short, circinate, woody, sparsely silky.
Leaves truncate or shallowly cordate, very rarely deep-cordate at base,
gradually tapering to an acute point, towards apex of twigs entire, lower
down cleft at tip, with narrow sinus extending one-sixth to one-fourth
down and with narrow acute lobes; the leaves of young plants and
root-shorts bifid to the very base; rather longer than broad, 4-6 in.
long, 3-4°5 in. wide, light-green, shining, quite glabrous above, when
young pubescent on the nerves at length glabrous beneath; nerves 9
- moré rarely 7, in the quite 2-fid. leaves 3 or 4 to each lobe; petiole
125-2 in., glabrous. Flowers in terminal panicles, 8 in. long, 4 in. wide,
of numerous dense short-peduncled many-flowered corymbs 2 in. long,
1:25 in. wide, pedicels erecto-patent *35—"5 in. long, loosely grey-silky,
bracts at. bases of corymb-peduncles 2, stipellar, ovate-acuse, ‘15 in.
long, silky beneath, glabrous above, at base of pedicels solitary, lanceo-
late, persistent, *2 in. long, bracteoles about middle of pedicels 2, sub-
opposed, subulate, ‘15 in. long; buds clove-shaped, the spherical sub-
apiculate upper part longer than th narrowly cylindric base. Culyx
rather laxly grey-silky, limb splitting into spreading subequal ovate
lobes with inturned tips, *25 in. long, tube ‘15 in. long. Petals small
white, obovate, clawed, ‘3 in. long, densely grey-silky outside. Stamens
3 fertile, anthers very shortly oblong, filaments white slender glabrous,
‘5 in. long. Ovary densely silky especially along sutures, distinctly
stalked, style glabrous slender, ‘2 in. long, stigma small. Pod (young)
with silky sutures and glabrous valves; stipe ‘25 in. long. Buuhinia
diptera Blume ex Miq. Anal. Ind. I, 12. B. piperifolia Kurz, Journ. As.
Soc. Beng. XLV, 2, 288 not of Roxb. B. anguina Kurz, Journ. As. Soc.
Beng. XLV, 2. 288 not of Roxb. Phanera diptera Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat.
FE, «ul.

PERAK; Scortechint 316! 1512 (spp. with distinct leaflets= B.
*diptera Bl.) ! Kunstler 4511! 4511! 6170! Wray 3960! Penane ; Curtis
801! 1541! Distris. Tenasserim; Pegu; Borneo.

This is extremely nearly related to Bauhinia piperifolia Roxb. (Phanera glabri-
folia Benth.) and has, indeed, been united with Roxburgh’s species both by Mr. Kurz
and by Mr. Baker. It is however very easily distinguished by its stipelliform main-
bracts, not present in B. piperifolia ; its much longer persistent bracts at base of
pedicels ; its pedicels less than half as long, with a spreading, not adpressed, tomen-
tum ; and its densely woolly ovaries, those of B. piperifolia being quite glabrous.

The oldest name is Bauhinia diptera Bl. but as the term is applicable only
to young leafy root-shoots or to seedling plants and is quite inappropriate when
used in connection with flowering branches of adult plants, it seems much better
to neglect it. When Mr. Baker’s name is used, however, it has to be recollected

193

194 Muterials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

that it is merely the name which one employs, and that this can be done only because
Baker has referred to his B. glabrifolia some Tenasserim specimens collected by Helfer
that differ specifically from the plant he describes ; both the diagnosis and the cited
synonyms of the Flora of British India must be altogether excluded.

§ 4, Lasropema Korth. Fertile stamens 3. Calyx with very short
tube and equally 5-partite or entire truncate limb. Pod dehiscent or
(B, anguina) indehiscent. Slender climbers with long narrow racemes
of very small flowers.

22. Bavuinta ANGUINA Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31. A woody climber
with slender glabrous branchlets and circinate tendrils. Leaves ovate,

base cordate, apex of upper leaves often entire, of the others very vari- .

ably shallowly to deeply 2-fid, sometimes on young plants and root-
shoots quite divided to the base with more or less divergent and more
or less acuminate lobes; membranous, 2°5—5 in. long, 2—3 in. wide, bright-
green, shining, glabrous on both surfaces; nerves 5-7; petiole 1 in.
long, glabrous. Flowers very small in many-fid. racemes arranged in
terminal panicles often extending into axils of upper leaves, 6 in. long,
as much across, individual racemes 2-4 in, long, ‘5 in across, pedicels
spreading, equal, ‘15 in. long, very slender, faintly puberulous as is the
main-rachis, bracts minute linear; buds small spherical, ‘07 in. in diam.
Calyz faintly puberulous, tube campanulate very short, lobes ovate 07
in, long, spreading. Petals oblanceolate, ‘12 in. long, puberulous exter-
nally, white. Stamens 3 fertile, filaments ‘lin. long. Ovary distinctly
stalked, glabrous, style slender ‘1 in. long, stigma minute. Pod thin
flat oblong, glabrous, indehiscent, 15-2 in. long, 1 im. across. Seeds
oblong, °6 in. long, °35 in, wide, only slightly compressed, long diameter
in long axis of pod. Cor. Pl. III, t. 285; DC. Prodr. II, 516; Wall.
Cat. 5773; Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 328; W. & A. Prodr. 298; Bak. in Flor.
Brit. Ind. II, 284. B. scandens Linn. Sp, Pl. 1,374 (as to Rheede’s
Malabar, not as to Rumphius’ Malayan plant.) Lasiobema anguinum
Korth. ex Mig. Flor. Iud. Bat. I, 71.

Maayan Peninsoxa; fide Baker in Flora of oe India. DIstRIBe
. India; Indo-China ; ‘Mela Archipelago.

Mr. Baker notes this as being from the Eastern Peninsula; no specimens have
been sent to Calcutta as yet. Dr. Miquel claims it also as a native of the Malay
Archipelago; from this region likewise, no specimens have as yet been sent here;
all those at Calcutta from the Archipelago belong to Lasiobema Horsfieldii Mig. This
latter form Mr. Baker has reduced to B. anguina and the writer agrees with Baker
in believing that the two plants are not specifically separable. At the same time
he considers it better to treat L. Horsfieldii as varietally distinct, on account of its
much smaller pods which are only 1—1°25 in. long, and ‘5-6 in. wide: Dr. Watt too
has, in Herb. Calcutta, proposed for the plant the name B. anguina var. Horsfieldi
Watt MSS. The point is here dwelt on because of the possibility that, when B.
anguina is again collected in the Peninsula, it may prove to be this Sumatra and

194.

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 195

Java VAR. Horsfieldii, and not the typical, larger fruited Indian variety, that is
characteristic of the region. ;

23. Bavainia Curtis Prain. A woody climber with slender very
faintly puberulous branchlets. Leaves ovate-oblong, base rounded, apex
divided at the tip into two short diverging deltoid lobes, sinus wide
rectangular, a few of the smallest uppermost leaves entire at apex ;

«membranous, 2°o—4 in. long, 2-2°5 in. wide, bright-green glabrous on
both surfaces; nerves 5-7; petiole 1:25 in. long, glabrous. Flowers
very small in terminal, simple, many-fld. racemes or panicles that extend
into axils of upper leaves, 4 in. long and as much across, individual
racemes 3 in. long, | in. across, pedicels spreading, equal, °5 in. long,
very slender, faintly puberulous as is the main rachis, bracts minute
linear ; buds small ovate-acute, *15 in. long. Calyx puberulous externally,
tube Serpiritnte very short, lobes ovate-lanceolate spreading, *15 in.
long. Petals spathulate, glabrous, ‘25 in. long, clawed, white. Stamens
3 fertile, filaments ‘35 in. long. Ovary shortly stalked, glabrous, style
slender, ‘15 in. long, stigma minute. Pod thin flat, black, somewhat
flexible, slightly recurved, quite glabrous, 2°5 in. long, ‘75 in. wide, stipe
‘07 in. long. Seeds 3-5, not seen quite ripe.

Kepau; Langkawi, Trutow, Curtis 1682! near the lake, Curtis
2619!

Very nearly related to B. Championit Benth., from S. China and the Eastern
Himalaya, which has similar but rather larger pods. The present species, however,
has longer pedicels, smaller buds, shorter calyx-lobes, ashorter stipe to the ovary
and pod. The ovary here is also quite glabrous as are the leaves beneath; in B.
Championti the ovary is somewhat silky, the leaves adpressed pubescent beneath.
It is easily distinguished from B, anguina by the longer pods and pedicels. Mr. Cartis’
specimens have no tendrils.

24, BavHINIA SfRYCHNOIDEA Prain. A slender climber 60-80 feet
long with stems only 1 in. in diam., branches slender glabrous, tendrils
few very small circinate glabrous. eaves ovate-acute, base cuneate or
rarely rounded, apex entire; rigidly subcoriaceous, 3-3°5 in. long, 15-2
in. wide, bright-green glabrous, polished above, dull beneath ; nerves 5,
the outer pair very slender the inner almost as strong as the laterally
branching midrib with whose base they are usually more or less con-
fluent; petiole ‘75 in., glabrous. Flowers small, in many-fid. racemes
arranged in terminal panicles extending into axils of upper leaves, 8-12
in. long, 4-6 in. across, individual racemes 6-10 in. long, 2 in. wide,
pedicels spreading, equal, *75 in. long, very slender, glabrous as is the main
rachis, bracts minute linear; buds small, obovoid, ‘2 in. Jong, Calyx
glabrous, tube campanulate very short, limb wide-campanulate *2 in. long
and as much across, the entire margin truncate with 5 minute projec-

tions representing calyx tips. Petals spathulate, quite glabrous externally,
195° |

196 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Penwsula.

slightly puberulous within along midrib, the upper rather longer sub-
acute, the others obtuse 35 in. long, light-red, spreading. Stamens 3
fertile, filaments 3 in. long. Ovary very shortly stalked, densely pubes-
cent, style ‘2 in. long, stigma large peltate. Pod thin flat densely

velvety, 3-5 in. long, 2 in. across, valves woody; stipe very short. Seeds
- 8-5, ovate, dark-brown, | in. long, ‘6 in. across. .

Prrak; Kunstler 5914! 7054! Scortechini! Setancor; Kwala Lam-»

par, “top of the cave,” Kelsall 1971!

A very remarkable species at once distinguished from any of the other Malayan
ones by its leaves, which have the nervation of a Strychnos; and from all the hitherto
known species by its truncate entire calyx. It might on this account be perhaps
treated as the type of a new section. As regards fruit it might be placed in the

section Phanera; as regards its other characters it agrees better with Lasiobema
in which it is now placed.

: 48. CyYNoMETRA Linn.

Erect unarmed trees. Leaves with few coriaceous odd-pinnate
leaflets. Flowers copious, minute, in axillary corymbs or racemes.
Calyx with a very short tube and subbasal disc ; divisions 4—5, oblong,
imbricated. Petals 5, oblanceolate, equal, not exserted. Stamens 10, or
in ©. polyandra indefinite, filaments erect, free, filiform, exserted ;
anthers small, oblong, versatile, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary sessile
or short-stalked, 2-ovuled ; style filiform, stigma capitate. Pod turgid,
oblique-oblong, with very thick indehiscent, usually rugose, tough, some-
what fleshy valves. Seed exalbuminous, central, filling up the cavity.
Distr. Species 20, spread everywhere in the tropics.

Stamens 10 (§ Eucynometra) ; leaf-rachis glabrous :—
Flowers on stem and thick branches in racemes with a
produced axis; pedicels glabrous ; (leaves I-jugate) we Ll. @. cauliflora.
Flowers among the leaves in racemes or corymbs without a
produced axis; pedicels puberulous :—
Corymbs laxly umbelliform, bracts small very deciduous ;

pods rugose; leaves 1—2-jugate ... ww» 2. C. ramiflora,

| Leaves 1-jugate = «- SUBSP. genwina ;
Leaves 2-jugate ak ... SUBSP. bijuga ;
End-leaflets acute much exceed-
ing basal pair = «ee VAR. heterophylla,
End-leaflets obtuse hardly ex-
ceeding basal pair ... see VAR. mimosoides. |
Racemes dense snubspicate, bracts subpersistent; pod
smooth ; leaves 3-jugate re abe ewe 3 OC. inaequali- -
? folia.
Stamens 40-60 (§ Psewdocynometra) ; leaf-rachis puberulous ; bY 1
(flowers in axillary corymbs ; pedicels puberulous) - 4. C, polyandra.
[Pod smooth a ws VAR, typica ; i.

196

a

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 197

Pod very rugose, leaflets consider-
ably larger rene

§ 1]. Evcynomerra, Stamens 10.

1. CyNnomerTrA cauLirtora Linn. Sp. Pl. 382, A shrub or small
tree 8-16 feet high. Leaves even-pinnate, leaflets 1-jugate with petiole
under ‘2 in. long or occasionally with one of the leaflets abortive,
dimidiate-oblong to subfalcate-oblong, subsessile, 2-3 in. long, ‘75-1°5
in. wide, base cuneate, apex acute or subacute slightly notched, sub-
coriaceous, dark-green, glabrous on both surfaces, slightly shining above,
lateral nerves few ascending not very prominent beneath, not visible
above. lowers in small elongated sessile racemes, ‘5-2 in. long, occa-
sionally reduced to very short 2-3-fld. stalklets or to single flowers,
clustered, rarely solitary, on rugose nodes on the stem, the bracts small
concave-ovate, persistent, ‘05 in. long, glabrous, pedicels ‘2 in. long, slender
glabrous, with small concave-ovate basal bracteoles, ‘05in.long. Calyz-
tube very short, lobes 5, lanceolate, white, ‘15 in. long. Petals linear, *15
in, long, white or pink. Stamens 10, filaments ‘2 in. long, slender, glab-
rous. Ovary glabrescent, shortly stipitate, oblique; ovules 2. Pod thick
and fleshy, oblong to irregularly globose, apiculate, glabrous, 1-2 in.
long, edible. DC. Prodr. II, 509; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 32; Wall. Cat.
5816 A, B; W. & A. Prodr. 293; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 77; Bak. in
Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 268.

Maracca; fide Baker. Disrris. Cultivated occasionally in India
and in our area; generally in the Malay Archipelago.

2. CYNOMETRA RAMIFLORA Linn. Sp. Pl. 382. A medium-sized,
spreading, sea-coast tree, 20-30 feet high. Leaves even-pinnate ; leaflets
l-jugate with petiole under ‘2 in. long, or 2-jugate with rachis 1°25-2 in.
long, the lowest pair always slightly, often much, smaller than the
terminal, obliquely obovate-oblong to subfalcate-oblong, subsessile,
1-5 in. long, *25-2°5 in. wide, base obliquely cuneate, apex obtuse or
shortly bluntly acuminate, coriaceous, dark-green, glabrous on both
surfaces, shining above, lateral nerves numerous, spreading, rather dis-
tinct. Flowers in small subumbellate corymbs on small branches above
the axils of fallen leaves, ‘3-6 in. long, the bracts small ovate, the outer
"15-2 in. in diam., very deciduous, pedicels ‘3—'5 in. long, very slender,
finely puberulous, with small lanceolate basal bracteoles. Calyx-tube
very short, lobes 5, ovate-lanceolate, white, ‘12 in. long. Petals white,
linear-lanceolate, ‘15 in. long, much narrower than sepals. Stamens 10,
filaments slender, ‘25 in. long, glabrous; anthers versatile. Ovary den-
sely pubescent, subsessile, very oblique; ovules 2. Pod fleshy, strongly
wrinkled, irregularly oblon g or ovoid with a thick terminal fleshy tip,
‘din, long, “4 in, broad and nearly as thick. Seed oblong, ‘4 in. long, ‘3

197

VAR. ? Kurzii. |

198 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

in. wide, ‘2 in. thick. Lamk. Encye. Meth. IJ, 240; DC. Prodr. II,
509; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 267.

Sussp. genuina; leaves 1-jugate, leaflets subfaleate-oblong, shortly
bluntly acuminate. €. ramiflora Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. 1,78. C. ramiflora
var. a W. & A. Prodr. 293.—Rumph. Herb. Amboin. I, t. 63; Lamk.
Ill. t. 331 f. 2

Not reported from our area. Drstrip. Java, Horsfield 146 (erro-
neously distributed as C. bijuga)! Ceram, Teysmann 1961 (erroneously
distributed as C. cauliflora)! Amboina, Rumphius (icon.) ! pa i
5528 !

Susse. bijuga; leaves 2-jugate. OC. bijuga Spanoghe, Linnaea XV,
201 (1841), name only.

a. War. heterophylla Thw. Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 97; terminal pair of
leaflets acute or shortly acuminate, larger than the basal pair. CO. bijuga
Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 78. C. ramiflora Bedd. FI. Sylvat. t. 315, not of
Linn, OC. polyandra Miq. Anal. Bot. Ind. I, 11, not of Roxb.

AnpAMANS; Coco Group, rare, Prain! S. Andaman coast, very rare,
King! King’s Collector! Perak; Matong, on the coast, Wray 2503 !
Jouore ; Skudai River, Hullett and King! Sryncarore; Sungei Jurong,
Ridley 5891! Distris. Ceylon, (Walker)! Sumatra, (Forbes)! Java,
Timor, Borneo.

B. Var. mimosoides Bak. in Flor, Brit. Ind, IT, 267 ; terminal pair
of leaflets obtuse, emarginate or retuse, hardly larger than the basal
pair; leaflets much smaller than in vAR. a. C. mimosoides Wall. Cat.
5817 (1830). C. ramiflora van. B. W. and A. Prodr. 293. Rheede,
Hort. Malab. IV, t. 31; Lamk, Ill. t. 331, f. 1 P (seems to show 1-jugate
leaflets only).

ANDAMANS; very common in every tidal and beach forest, Drstrts.
Malabar, Rheede (icon.) ! Ceylon, Wallich (Cat. n. 5816 C in part ; mixed
with cultivated examples of CO. polyandra from Madras and erroneously
distributed as C. cauliflora)! Sundribuns; Arracan; Martaban and
Tenasserim. )

The three plants here included in C. ramiflora have been somewhat misunder-
stood by Linnzeus and indeed by most subsequent botanists. That the plant of
Rumphius, here treated as suBsP. genuina, will have to be kept apart from the
other two asa distinct species in any careful monograph of the genus seems to
admit of little question. Though mentioned in many works as Indian, no one has
ever sent Indian specimens to Calcutta; the only authors who have actually seen
specimens that were not from the Malay Archipelago are Wight and Arnott,
Thwaites, and Trimen; the specimens mentioned by these writers in every case
came from Ceylon not from India. No one has ever sent it from the Malay

Peninsula.
It is tolerably certain that the two plants which form vila is here termed

198

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 199

SUBSP. hijuga are not specifically separable, for some examples from the Andamans
seem intermediate between the two. There are, however, no specimens that serve
to link either of the forms with the 1-jugate suBsP. genwina, and it will always be
necessary to keep them apart as distinct—they are certainly very easly distin-
guishable — varieties.

Var. heterophylla is also said to be Indian; it is, however, only found in
Indian gardens, though it does appear to be wild on the coasts of Ceylon. That var.

. mimosoides occurs in India seems likely from its “having been figured by Rheede,

though no one has ever collected it in Malabar again. It is, however, quite com-
mon in the Sundribuns at the northern end of the Bay of Bengal and extends from
that area down the eastern side of the Bay as far as Tenasserim and the Andamans ;
it has never been reported from the Malay Peninsula or Archipelago, where var.
heterophylla (C. bijuga Miq.) is the representative form. And just as the two forms
grow side by side in the beach forests of the Andamans, so they both occur on the
coasts of Ceylon, fora plant from ‘Trincomalee issued by Wallich under 5816/C is
the same thing as his own C. mimosoides from the coasts of Burma. Wight and
Arnott, too, say that they also have seen specimens from Ceylon which are the
same as Rheede’s Malabar plant; there is no doubt that Rheede’s plant is Wallich’s
C. mimosoides,

In the event of suBsp. bijuga being treated as a ‘species’ of which heterophylla
and mimosoides are only varieties, it must be noted that the name to be employed,
from the point of view of priority, should be Wallich’s, which is a decade anterior
to Spanoghe’s. But the adoption of Wa‘lich’s name will afford an excellent example
of the disadvantage of the modern craze that insists on a rigid adherence to the
laws of priority, Spanoghe’s name being so much the more suitable of the two.

3. CYNOMETRA INEZEQUALIFOLIA A. Gray, Bot. U.S. Expl. Exped. 473.
A lofty tree 150-200 feet high; leafy shoots at first enveloped in im-
bricating bracts. Leaves even-pinnate, rachis glabrous 2-3 in. long;
leaflets 3-jugate, elliptic-oblong, base obliquely cuneate, inner side with
the lower third to two-thirds of margin straight, narrower than outer
with uniformly curved outline, apex subacuminate; rigidly coriaceous,
dark-green, glabrous and smooth on both surfaces, shining above, lateral
nerves 8-9 pairs very faint and hardly distinguishable from the secon-
dary reticulations; sessile, 2-3 in. long, 1-1-25 in. wide, the lowest the
smallest. “Flowers in subcapitately congested axillary racemes 1-1°5 in,
long, 1 in. wide, the closely imbricating bracts hard, striate, scarious,
broadly ovate, ‘25 in. across, pedicels puberulous, ‘25-3 in. long, with two
oblong membranous basal bracteoles *15 in. long. Calyz-tube very
short, lobes 5, narrowly obovate, imbricate, ascending, ‘2 in. long, white.
Petals 5, oblanceolate, white, ‘2 in. long, a little narrower than sepals.
Stamens 10, filaments slender, *4 in. long, glabrous, anthers versatile.
Ovary densely pubescent, shortly stipitate, very oblique; ovules 2. Pod
obovoid, thickly woody, obliquely obovoid, 2—2°25 in. long, 1°5 in. wide,
‘75 in. thick. Seed solitary, irregularly oval-oblong, 1°6 in. long, 1 in.
broad, ‘5 in. thick. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 267.

199

>

200 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Matacca; Maingay 589! Derry 893! Prov. Wetiestey; Tasek
Gelugur, Ridley 6981! Perak; Scortechini 2190! at Goping, Kunstler
6022! 6066!

§ 2. PsrupocynometRA. Stamens 40-60.

4. CYNOMETRA POLYANDRA Roxb. Hort. Beng. 32. A large tree, the
leafy shoots at first enveloped in imbricating bracts, the basal ones
scarious ‘3 in. in diam., the inner membranous and reaching 2 in. long,
lin. across. Leaves even-pinnate, rachis puberulous 3-7 in. long; leaf-
lets 3-jugate, elliptic-obovate or oblong, base obliquely cuneate, inner
side with the lower half of margin straight, narrower than outer with
uniformly curved margin, apex subacuminate, subcoriaceous, dark-green
above, paler beneath, glabrous and smooth on both surfaces, hardly
shining, lateral nerves 7-8 pairs more prominent beneath than the
secondary reticulations, sessile, 2—5'5 in. long, 1—2°5 in. across, the lowest
the smallest. Flowers in sessile axillary corymbs 2 in. long, 1°5 in. wide,
the closely imbricating bracts hard striate scarious, broadly ovate, *3 in.
across, soon deciduous, pedicels pubescent, ‘6-1 in. long with 2 very
deciduous basal bracteoles. Calyx-tube very short, lobes 4, narrow-
obovate, imbricate, reflexed, ‘4 in. long, white. Petals 5, lanceolate, ‘4 in.
long, narrower than sepals, white. Stamens 40-60, filaments slender, °5
in. long, glabrous, anthers versatile. Ovary densely pubescent, sub-
sessile, very oblique ; ovules 1-2. Pod oblique, oblong, woody, 2—2°5 in.
long, 1:25-1°'5 in. wide, smooth or rugose. Seed solitary, irregularly
oblong, 1°5 in. long, 1 in. wide, ‘5 in. thick.

Var. typica; pod smooth. OC. polyandra Roxb. Hort. Beng. 32; Pl.
Coromand. III, t. 286; Flor. Ind. II, 372; DC. Prodr. II, 509; Wall.
Cat. 5815; W.& A. Prodi: 294.,

Pawsnc and Matacca; fide Baker. Distr. Keach Silhet.

Var. ? Kurzii; pod very rugose, leaflets rather larger. C. cauliflora
Wall. Cat. 5816 E.

Prnanc ; Jack (Wall. Cat. 5816 E)! Kurz! on Govt. Hill, “ Apl.
1890” and “ ‘May 1893 ” Curtis! Perak; Scortechini !

There are no specimens of C. polyandra proper from Penang or Malacca in
Herb. Calcutta. The specimens of “var.? Kurzii,” which may possibly prove,

when fully represented, to be a distinct species, has been obtained in fruit by Kurz
alone; all the other specimens are in leaf only ; its flowers are, so far, unknown.

49. TAmMARINDUS Linn.

A spineless tree. eaves abruptly pinnate. Flowers in racemes.
Calyxz-tube turbinate; disc produced above its base; teeth lanceolate
much imbricated, the two lowest connate. Petals only the three upper
developed, the two lateral ovate, the upper hooded, the two lower

200

Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula. 201

reduced to scales. Stamens monadelphous, only 3 developed, the others
reduced to mere bristles at the top of the sheath; authers oblong, ver-
satile, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary many-ovuled, with a stalk adnate
to the calyx-tube; style filiform, stignia capitate. Pod linear-oblong,
many-seeded, with a thin crustaceous epicarp and thick pulpy mesocarp.
Seedsexalbuminous. Onespecies, now planted everywhere in the tropics.

TAMARINDUS INDICA Linn. Sp. Pl. 34. A large unarmed tree with
Spreading branches, 40-60 feet high, stem 2-3 feet in diam., the young
branchlets at first puberulous, elsewhere quite glabrous. Leaves even-
pinnate, 2°5-6 in. long, leaflets 10-20 pairs rather close, oblong-obtuse,
*35-1'25 in. long, ‘2-3 in. across, glabrous on both surfaces, medium-
green above, paler sometimes glaucescent beneath ; coriaceous, subsessile,
reticulate-veined ; stipules linear, early caducous. lowers in simple or
panicled terminal or lateral racemes 2-4 in. long, bracts concave, cadu-
cous, ‘25-'3 in. long, obovate-elliptic, pedicels articulated under the base
of calyx, slender, ‘25 in. long, glabrous; bracteoles small with puberu-
lous margins. Calyx ‘5 in. long, faintly puberulous, tube narrowly
turbinate, ‘2 in. ; limb 4-partite, segments subequal, 3 in. long, °2 in. wide,
ovate-acute, entire, much imbricated, membranous. Petals 3, an upper
and two lateral, yellowish with pink stripes, obovate-oblong, subequal, *4
in. long, slightly exceeding calyx-limb, ‘25 in. across, slightly narrowed
to a short claw; the two lower petals replaced by small scales. Stamens
3 fertile, anterior, connate nearly half their length, alternating with
rudimentary bristle-like staminodia ; anthers oblong, versatile. Ovary
stipitate, style rather short equalling the stamens; stigma terminal,
obtuse, slightly thickened; ovules 8-10 or more. Pod linear-oblong,
nearly straight, thickened, subcompressed ; 3-8 in. long, 1 in. wide, ‘4 in.
thick ; outer layer of pericarp thin, crustaceous, scurfy; middle layer
pulpy, acid, traversed by fibres. Seeds 3-10, obovate-elliptic, com-
pressed, “6 in. long, ‘4 in. wide, ‘2 in. thick; testa thick shining, sides
areolate. DC. Prodr, II, 488; Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 215; Wall. Cat.
5824; W. & A. Prodr. 285; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 82; Bak. in Flor.
Brit. Ind. II, 273; Oliver, Flor. Trop. Africa, III, 307. 7’. occidentalis
Gaertn. Fruct. II, 310, t. 146; DC. Prodr. II, 488. . wmbrosa Salish.
Prodr. 323. T. officinalis Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4563.

Aypamans; Great Coco Island, introduced by the sea, not planted,
Prain! Keoan; “growing wild at the top of limestone hills,” Kunstler’
1728! Senancor; “in dense old jungle,” Kunstler 8613! Disrets.
Planted throughout the tropics ; believed by Oliver to be truly indige-
nous in Africa. hap

hk 50. Srypora Migq.

Unarmed lofty trees. Leaves abruptly pinnate ; leaflets few rigidly
: 201

202 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

coriaceous. Flowers small, panicled. Calyx with a very short tube and
basal dise; segments 4, valvate or very slightly imbricated. Petal 1,
the size and shape of the upper calyx-segment. Stamens 10, the upper
free and without anther, the others declinate shortly monadelphous,
hirsute, unequal, the two nearest the free staminode always fertile,
rather larger than the rest which are alternately short and long and
may casually have sterile anthers or none; anthers oblong, versatile,
dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary 2-5-ovuled, short-stalked, pubescent ;
style long, filiform, circinate, stigma small terminal capitate. Pod more
or less oblique, broadly rounded-oblong, dehiscent, the valves flat, hard
and woody, armed or not all over the face with straight, conical, firm
prickles. Seeds usually 2, rarely 3-5, with a hard shining testa and

resting on the cupshaped apex of a thick obconic arillate funiculus.
Species 9; eight Malayan, one Cambodian.

The earliest publication of any species of this genus was in Rumphias, Herb.

Amboin. II, t, 18. It thus forms, by citation, a part of the genus Gaiedupa Lamk,
(Encyc. Meth. II, 594 [1786]) ; it is not, however, covered by the description of
Galedupa indica given by Lamarck; that description applies only to the Pongam of
Rheede (Hort. Malab. VI, t.3), now known as Pongamia glabra Vent. As this
latter name is validly established—Rheede’s genus having been published by Adanson
as Pongam, before it was mistaken by Lamarck for Galedupa—it may be one day
found necessary to restore Lamarck’s name Galedupa indica and restrict it to
Rumphius’ Caju Galedupa. In any case Galedupa is the generic name first applied
to, and therefore, by the modern canons, the one that should be used for what is at
once Sindora Miq., Echinocalye Benth., and Grandiera Lefevre. The writer, be it
understood, is of those who consider our modern priority-hunting to be frequently
unwise; this consideration will probably be shared by sober-minded students who,
after reading what is said here and what has been already said under Pongamia,
may take the tronble to examine the treatment that adepts in the art are prepared
to accord the names now under discussion.

The genus is not a member of the tribe Cynometrex but of the Amherstiex,
where it has to be placed close to the genera Pahudia Miq. and 4fzelia Linn. Pahudia
is in fact almost exactly intermediate between Sindora and Afzelia sinee it combines
the thinner leaves and the much imbricated sepals of the latter, with almost the pod
and exactly the seeds of the former. The stamens in both Pahudia and Sindora are
similarly united in a sheath, but there is the curious difference that the two nearest
the fissure are abortive and represented by-bristles on the tube in Pahudia, whereas
in Sindora these are fully developed and in some of the species are at times the only
fertile stamens present. :

Pods armed on the face with strong straight prickles
(unknown in S. velutina) ; leaves puberulous or pubescent
beneath :-—

Pods subequally rounded at base, style and beak at

opposite ends of its long axis; rachis of raceme straight

with spirally-set bracts and flowers :—
Stipules large foliaceous ; calyx-lobes with a few spines
outside in their upper third ... ies we 1. 8. Wallichiana.

202

} ‘2

oS

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. , 208

Stipules inconspicuous; calyx-lobes rather densely
Spinescent outside in their upper two-thirds . 2 8. Echinocalyez.
Peds obliquely rounded at base, beak projecting laterally
at right angles to direction of stalk (unknown in 9S. velwu-
tina) ; rachis of raceme ae with subdistichously-set
bracts and flowers :—
Leaflets 3-jugate, puberulous beneath; calyx-lobes
slightly spinescent in their upper third outside -. 38. 8. intermedia.
Leaflets 5-6-jugate, densely pubescent beneath ; calyx-
lobes not spinescent td we 4 8S. velutina.
Pods unarmed; leaves glabrous Paneatie mL subequally
rounded at base, calyx-lobes not spinescent) .., ww. 5, 8. coriacea.

1. Sixpora WatticHiana Benth. A large tree with slightly rusty-
pubescent branchlets. Leaves equally pinnate with puberulous rachis
4—6 in. long, stipules very large foliaceous semi-lunar sub-intrapetiolar,
6 in. long, acute at apex, rounded auriculate at base, pubescent on both
sides; leaflets 3-jugate, oblong, apex round or acute, base round or
cuneate, L'o-3'20 in. long, 1 in. wide, the lowest pair slightly the
smallest, very coriaceous, shining glabrous above, dull uniformly pubes-
ceut beneath, nerves numerous close horizontal slightly irregular, faiut
beneath not visible above, petiolules 2 in. long, puberulous. Flowers in
axillary and terminal lax panicles 6-8 in. long, 5-6 in. wide, individual
racemes 3-4 in. long with straight pubescent rachis, flowers spirally
arranged, bracts broadly ovate-obtuse, ‘4 in. long, densely pubescent
beneath, sparsely puberulous above, pedicels ‘35 in. long, with two ovate-
lanceolate bracteoles, 2 in. long, at the apex; buds oblong densely pubes-
cent, “4 in. long. alae tube short, lobes 4, thick, ‘25 in. long, densely
strigose within, ovate-acute, valvate, sparingly spinescent scl sites in
the upper third. Petal J, as long as the calyx-lobes, inside densely
hairy. Staminal-sheath and filaments declinate pubescent. Ovary very
hirsute, style twisted, stigma capitate. Pod broadly oblong, subequally
rounded at base so that the short stout straight beak projects in the |
direction of the long axis, 3 in. long, 2 in. across; valves dehiscent,
puberulous, woody, uniformly armed on the outside with strong straight
conical spines ‘15 in. long. Seeds usually 2, with arillate funicle.
Sindora Wallichit Beuth. in Hook. Icon. Plant. t. 1018 not t. 1017 ; Bak.
in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 268 in part, excl. syn. Hehinocalyx Bth. and both
vars. Guitlandina Wallichiana Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5805. Galedupa
Wallichiuna Prain MSS. . .
Singapore; Wallich 5805! Kurz! T. Anderson 41! Manacca; —
Griffith ! es |

The Griffithian specimens referred to were given by Dr. Griffith to Dr.
McClelland ; from his collection they passed into the Calcutta Herbarium under
Griffith’s original name “Cassia sp.” They were afterwards examined by Dr, T.

203

204 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Thomson, who referred them to the genus Schotia which is much nearer their real
position. They are very distinct, by reason of their less spiny calyx-lobes and their
large foliaceous stipules, from another Griffithian gathering from Malacca, first
issued from Kew as n. 1848 under the name “ Dialium? sp.” and subsequently
made by Mr. Bentham the type of his genus Echinocalyz, When afterwards refer-
ring Grifith n. 1848 and Wallich n. 5805 to one species, Mr. Bentham, who apparently
had only Wallich’s specimens at his disposal, did not know that the Singapore plant
has large foliaceous stipules.

2. Sryvora Ecatnocatyx Prain. A large tree with glabrescent
branchlets. Leaves equally pinnate with puberulous rachis 2-3 in. long,
stipules small; leaflets 3-jugate oblong, apex round or slightly acute, base
round or slightly cuneate, 1°25-2 in. long, ‘75-1 in. wide, the lowest pair
slightly the smallest, very coriaceous, shining glabrous above, dull
minutely puberulous beneath especially on the midrib, nerves numerous
close horizontal slightly irregular, faint beneath not visible above, petio-
lules ‘15 in. long, puberulous. Flowers in axillary and terminal lax
panicles 4-5 in. long, 2°5-3 in. wide, individual racemes 1°25-1°5 in. long,

with straight puberulous rachis, flowers spirally disposed, bracts ovate-_

obtuse ‘25 in. long, glabrescent above, puberulous beneath, pedicels 25
in. long, puberulous, with two oblanceolate bracteoles, ‘2 in. long, at the
apex; buds oblong, puberulous, *3 in. long. Calya-tube short, lobes 4
thick, ‘2 in. long, pubescent inside, ovate-acute, valvate, rather densely
uniformly spinescent externally in the upper two-thirds. Petal l,
pubescent internally. Staméinal-sheath and filaments declinate, hairy.
Ovary very hirsute, style curved, stigmacapitate. Pod broadly oblong,
subequally rounded at base so that the slender straight beak projects in
the direction of the long axis, 2°25 in. long, 1°5 in. across ; valves dehiscent,
puberulous, thinly woody, uniformly armed on the outside with strong
straight conical spines ‘15 in. long. Seeds 2, funicle arillate. Sindora
Wallichtt Benth. in Hook. Icon, Plant. t. 1017, not t. 1018 and not
Guilandina Wallichiana Grah. 8. Wallichii var. ovalifolia Maingay
MSS. Hehinocalyx Benth. in Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. I, 584. Gale-
dupa Echinocalyx Prain MSS.

Maracca; Griffith 1848! Maingay 562/1!

Nearest to S. Wallichiana but easily distinguished by its less pubescent leaves,
different stipules, and smaller flowers with more spinescent calyx.

3. SrmporarNTerMeptiaA Baker. A large tree, over 100 feet high, with
slightly rusty-tomentose branches. Leaves equally pinnate, with puberu-

lous rachis 4-6 in. long, stipules small; leaflets 3-jugate, oblong, apex

round or slightly acute, base round or slightly cuneate, 1:5—2°5 in. long,
1 in. wide, the lowest pair slightly the smallest, very coriaceous, shining
glabrous above, dull minutely puberulous beneath especially on the

midrib, nerves numerous close horizontal slightly irregular, not very
204,

Se ad

Materiuls for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 205

conspicuous beneath, not visible above, petiolules "15 in. long, puberulous.
Flowers strongly scented, in axillary and terminal dense panicles, 4-6 in.
long, 25-3 in, wide, indiyidual racemes 2 in, long with suberect zig-zag
rusty-tomentose rachis, flowers subdistichons, bracts ovate-acute ‘3 in,
long, densely puberulous beneath, sparsely so above ; pedicels *35 in. long
rusty-tomentose, with two ovate-lanceolate bracteoles, ‘2 in. long, at the .
- apex; buds oblong densely pubescent, -4in. long. Calyz-tube short,
lobes 4, thick, ‘25 in. long, very densely strigose on the inside, ovyate-
acute, valvate, sparingly spinescent externally in the upper third, Petal
1, reddish, as long as the calyx-lobes, densely hairy. Staminal-sheath
and filaments declinate, red with rusty hairs; perfect anthers 9. Ovary
very hirsute, style twisted, stigma capitate. Pod wide-oblong, obliquely
rounded at base so that the small recurved beak projects laterally at
right angles to direction of stalk, 2 in. long, 2°5-3°5 in, across; valves
dehiscent, puberulous, woody, uniformly armed on the outside with
strong straight conical spines *2 in. long. Seeds usually 2, rarely 3-5,
with hard black shining testa, oblong, horizontal, ‘5 in. long, ‘75 in. across,
resting on @ basal, arillus-like, thick obconic funiculus about *75 in. long.
Sindora Wallichit van intermedia Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 268. §.
Wallichii Scortechini MSS. not of Benth. Galedupa inlermedia Prain
MSS.

Panexors; Gunong Tungal, Curtis 1630! Scortechini 1064!
Matacca; Muaingay 562! Perak; Scortechini !

This is at once distinguished by its transverse pods from both of the species

placed under 8. Wallichiana by Mr. Bentham, Mr. Curtis gives the Malay name of
this in Pangkor as “‘ Sapetir,”

Two other species with similarly oblique pods are S. sumatrana Miq. and 8.
cochinchinensis Baill.; it is just possible that S. velutina Bak. may prove to share
the character and to belong to the same group.

4, SmNpDORA veLuTINA Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 269. A large tree
with densely tawny-tomentose branches. Leaves equally pinnate with
sparsely pubescent rachis 5—7 in. long, stipules not seen; leaflets 5-6-
jugate, oblong, apex subacute or acute, base round or seals cuneate,
2°5-3°5 in. long, 1-1:75 in. wide, the lowest pair rather the smallest,
very coriaceous, shining glabrous above, dull densely uniformly softly ~
pubescent beneath, nerves numerous close horizontal slightly irregular,
very faint beneath, not visible above, petiolules ‘1 in., densely pubes-
cent. Jlowers in axillary and termimal lax racemes 5-7 in. long, 3 in.
wide ; individual. racemes 2 in. long, with zig-zag densely tawny-pubes-—
ceut spreading rachis, flowers subdistichous, bracts ovate-acute,°3 in.
long, densely tawny-tomentose, pedicels ‘15 in. long, densely tomentose
as are the two lanceolate bracteoles; buds Bee densely pubescent,
‘4iu. long. Calyx-tube short, lobes 4, thick, ‘25 in. long, densely hairy

205

206 — for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Seis» Sj
within, ovate-acute, valvate, without spines externally. Petal 1, as
long as calyx-lobes, densely hairy. Staminal-sheath and filaments
declinate hairy. Ovary very hirsute, oblique; style twisted, stigma
capitate. Pod not yet known. Galedupa velutina Prain MSS.

Matacca; Maingay7607 !

Of this very, distinct species}the only specimens hitherto collected are Main-
gay’s. One of these has been very kindly placed at Dr. King’s disposal, for purposes
of description, by the Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew. There is no doubt
as to its affinity being greatest, as Mr. Baker has already indicated, with 8S. inter-
media, and though it isas yet impossible to say if the pod is marked by the presence
or absence of spines, it is very probable, from the obliquity of the ovary, that it
has a transverse pod like S. intermedia and S. sumatrana.

5. Sipora cortacea Prain. A large tree with glabrous branches.
Leaves equally pinnate with glabrous rachis 5—6 in. long, stipules small;
leaflets 4-jugate, oblong, apex rounded or subacute, base round or slightly
cuneate, 2—3 in. long, 1°25-1'5 in. wide, the lowest pair rather the small-
est, very coriaceous, shining glabrous above, dull glabrous beneath,
nerves numerous close horizontal slightly irregular, very faint, petiolules
15 in. glabrous. Flowers in axillary and terminal lax panicles 8-10 in.
long, 4 in. wide ; individual racemes 2 in. long, with straight, thinly rusty-
puberulous, spreading rachis; flowers spirally disposed, bracts and
bracteoles not seen, pedicels thinly rusty, ‘2 in., buds oblong, thinly rusty,
25 in. long. Calyx-tube short, lobes 4, thick, ‘2 in. long, very faintly
imbricated ; spimeless externally. Petal 1. Staminal-sheath and fila-
ments hairy. Pod broadly oblong, subequally rounded at base so that
the strong slightly recurved beak, ‘3 in. long, continues the direction of
the stalk, tip subobliquely cuneate, tapering abruptly on the dorsal,
slightly rounded on the ventral suture, 3 in. long, 2°25 in. across ; valves
dehiscent, glabrous, woody, unarmed. Seeds 2-8, funicle thick arillate.
Afzelia? coriacea Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 275, Intsia coriacea
Maingay MSS. Galedupa cortacea Prain MSS.

Matacca; Chaban, Maingay 566! Ridley 2328! Penane; Tulloh
Bahang, Curtis 430!

This fine tree is said by Mr. Ridley to be the “ Sapetir” of Malacca; this
name, it will be noticed, is used in Pangkor for the nearly allied but quite distinct 9.
intermedia. Mr. Curtis says it is known in Penang as “ Mirbaw;” the “ Mirbaw”’
of the Mainland, it will be observed, is Afzelia palembanica.

Of the specimens referred to, the writer has only seen leaves of Maingay’s, and
only fruits of Curtis’ and of Ridley’s gatherings. The description of the flowers is
therefore constructed from the characters stated and implied in the brief des-
cription of the Flora of British India. The number of stamens mentioned by
Maingay, still more their monadelphous nature, makes it certain that the plant can
be no Afzelia and goes to indicate that it is a species of Sindora; the fruiting speci-
mens sent by Mr. Curtis and Mr. Lidley show that this is really the case.

206

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 207

The leaflets of this species are exactly like those of S. swmatrana but the pods
differ in being much larger, and in being neither transversely twisted nor armed.
The pods both in shape and in the absence of spines resemble those of S. Galedupa
(Galedupa indica Lamk. Encyc. Meth. II, 594, as to syn. Caju Galedwpa Rumph.
Herb. Amboin. II, 59, t. 13) and only differ in being a good deal larger. The two
may indeed ultimately prove to be forms of one species.

51. ArzeLia Smith.

Erect unarmed trees. Leaves abruptly pinnate, with few pairs of
opposite leaflets. Flowers in copious terminal panicles. Calyx with the
disc produced to the top of the elongated tube; sepals 4, much imbri-
cated, slightly unequal. Petal only one developed, orbicular with a
distinct claw, the others absent or rudimentary. Stamens 3 perfect,
filaments long, pilose; anthers minute, oblong, opening longitudinally.
Pod large oblong flattish, sublignose, saldnananseie: Seeds exalbumi-
nous. Species 10-12; tropics of Old World.

Leaflets 4, rarely 2:—

Pedicels and calyx glabrous re ae wo 1. Ay retusa.

Pedicels and calyx puberulous... . 2. A, bijuga.

Leaflets 8, rarely 10 or 6; (pedicels and calyx ieee 5 3. A. palembanica.

1. ArznLia RETUSA Kurz, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLII, 2,73. Asmall
tree 15-20 feet high, stem 6-8 in. in diam. Leaves even-pinnate, 3-6 in.
long ; leaflets 2- (very rarely only 1-) paired, sometimes only subopposite,
subcoriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, oblong, base rounded, apex
obtuse, emarginate or retuse, 2-4 in. long, 1°5—2 in. wide, nerves numer-
ous fine spreading reticulate, petiolules distinct, 15 in. long, glabrous
as is the rachis. lowers in numerous terminal simple rarely slightly
branched few-flowered glabrous racemes 2°5-3 in. long; pedicels
stout glabrous, ‘5 in. long, bracteoles ovate-oblong, glabrous, ‘2 in.
long, very early caducous as are the similar bracts. Calyx quite
glabrous, tube slightly dilated upwards, ‘5 in. long, somewhat exceed-
ing limb with 4 subequal oblong spreading lobes °85 in. long, °25
in. wide. Petal ‘7 in. long, limb 6 in. wide, ‘4 in. deep with-rounded
waved apex and wide-cuneate entire base, white or pinkish, claw very
slender ‘3 in. long; pubescent along claw and midrib externally, Stamens
3 fertile, ita 1°25 in., sparsely pubescent, pink. Ovary stalked,
pubescent on lower suture, soon glabrous, style glabrous slender, 1-5 in.
long. Pod 5-6 in. long, 2 in. wide, oblong, rigid, curved, coriaceous. Seeds
orbicular, 1 in. in diam., ‘25 in. thick. Bak. in Flor. Brit, Ind. II, 274.

ANDAMANS; very common on all the coasts. Puprax ; Wray 2491!
Panckore ; Scortechini 975! Matacca; Grifith 1855! Sincapore; Ridley
4675! 6006! Distris. Gangetic Delta.

Very nearly related to A. bijuga and perhaps only a variety of that species.
207

208 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Mr. Baker attributes to this, jtist as Mr. Kurz does to A. bijuga, the o¢casional
presence of 3 pairs of leaflets; none of the numerous specimens at Calcutta have
more than two pairs of leaflets.

2, Arzecia iuca A. Gray, Bot. Awer. Explor. Exped. 467, t. 51. An
erect tree reaching 50 feet in height, 1-1-5 feetin diam. Leaves even-
pinnate, 3-6 in. long; leaflets 2-(very rarely only 1-) paired sometimes
only subopposite, subcoriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, oblong, base
slightly oblique wide-cuneate or rounded, apex obtuse or bluntish acumi-
nate emarginate, 2-4 in. long, 15-2 in. wide, nerves numerous fine
spreading reticulate, petiolules distinct ‘15 in. long, glabrous as is the
rachis, Flowers in leaf-opposed or terminal corymbose pubescent
panicles 6 in. long, 4 in. wide; the individual racemes 1'5—2 in. long;
pedicels slender puberulous °6 in. long, jointed, 2-bracteolate under the
calyx, bracteoles oblong puberulous ‘1 in. long, bracts oblong ‘1 in. long
caducous. Calyx puberulous, tube eylindric ‘3 in. long, rather shorter
than limb with 4 subequal oblong spreading lobes ‘35 in. long, ‘25 in.
wide. Petal‘6 in. long, limb ‘5 in. wide, *35 in. deep, with rounded waved
apex and wide cuneate entire base, white or pink, claw very slender, ‘25
ini. long ; pubescent along claw and midribexternally. Stamens 3 fertile,
filaments 1‘25 in., sparsely pubescent, pink. Ovary stalked, pubescent on
both sutures; exserted, style glabrous slender, 1'5 in. long. Pod 6-8 in,
long, 2°5 in. wide, oblong, rigid, thickly coriaceous. Seeds orbicular 1 in.
across, ‘25 in. thick. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 274. Intsia amboinensis
Thouars Gen. Nov. Madag. 22; DC. Prodr. II, 509; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat.
J, 80, all in part: Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 288. Baryarylum rufum
Lour. Fl. Coch. Chin. 266 in part. Macrolobium bijugum Colebr. in
Trans. Linn. Soc. XII, 359, t. 17. Outea bijuga DC. Prodr. II, 511;
Wall. Cat. 5823. Metrosideros amboinensis Rumph: Herb. Amboin. III,
21 (in part) t. 10. Jonesia triandra Roxb. Flor. Ind. IT, 220.

ANDAMANS; very common in all the coast forests, Kurz! Prain!
King’s Collectors! Nicosars; Kamorta, Kurz! Sincarorn ; Wallich (Cat.
n. 5823 B)! Ridley! Disrris. All coasts from Eastern Polynesia to the
Mascarene Islands.

In Mr. Kurz’s description of this species cccurs the statement that the leaflets
may be at times in 3 pairs, and the same variation is indicated in Rumphius’ figure
quoted above. But the writer finds, as Mr. Baker does, that this species has not
more than 4 leaflets. Mr. Kurz’s statement is due to his having treated Andamans
specimens of Afzelia palembanica as representing a form of A. bijuga.

The synonym Intsia amboinensis only applies to, this species in the sense in
which it is used by Miquel in his Suwppl.: there is an authentic example of the
Sumatra plant so named by Miquel in the Calcutta Herbarium; it is a specimen
of Afzelia bijuga. The earlier use of the name mnst be neglected, since it has
been made to cover Rumphius’ description. For, while it is-clear that that des-

208

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 209

cription includes this sea-coast species, it also includes one, if not more than one,
inland species of far greater dimensions than this littoral tree ever attains,
Roxburgh’s Jonesia triandra ig not a Saraca but is this species.

3. AFZELIA PALEMBANICA Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 275. A tall erect
tree 100-150 feet high, stem 2-3 feet in diam. Leaves even-pinnate 6-8
in. long; leaflets usually 4- (very rarely only 3-, more often 5-) paired,
sometimes only subopposite, subcoriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces,
oblong, base slightly oblique, rounded or subcordate, apex obtuse or blunt-
ish-acumivate emarginate, 2-4 in. long, 15-2 in. wide, nerves numerous
fine spreading reticulate, petiolules distinct ‘15 in. long, glabrous as
is the rachis. Flowers in leaf-opposed or terminal corymbose pubes-
cent panicles of few-flowered racemes, 3°d in. long, 2°5 in. across, the
individual racemes 1 in. long; pedicels slender, pubescent, *15—2 in.
long, jointed 2-bracteolate under the calyx, bracteoles ovate, pubescent,
°2 in. long, bracts small ovate, 15 in. long, caducous. Calyx downy,
tube cylindric *2 in. long, shorter than limb with 4 subequal oblong
spreading lobes 25 in. long, ‘2 in. wide, Petal °35 in. long, limb oblong
25 in. long, ‘2 in. wide, margin uniform, claw ‘1 in. long, glabrous.
Stamens 3 fertile, filaments ‘75 in., sparsely pubescent, dark-claret
coloured, two sterile filaments at base of petal. Ovary stalked, pubes-
cent, exserted ; style glabrous, slender, °75 in, long. Pod 10-12 in. long,
3°5 in. wide, oblong, almost woody. Seeds wide-oblong, 1°26 in. long,
1 in. wide, 3 in. thick. A. biyuga Kurz, For. Flor. Biit. Burm. I, 412
notof Gray. —

AnpaMAans; South Point, Kurz! Perak; Wray! Kunstler 4433!
7387! Scortechint 1839! Matnacca; Griffith! Maingay 565! Cantley —
1670! Holmberg 776! Distris. Siam (Teysmann !).

This is, according to Maingay, ‘‘the best Malacca timber tree ;’’ according to
Scortechini it affords ‘‘ the best timber in the Peninsula.’’ The Malay name, ac-
cording to Scortechini, is Mirbaw in Perak; Holmberg gives this as the Malacca

name also. In Perang however, according to Cartis, the name Mirbau is used for |
Sindora coriacea, 2

While this species is Afzelia palembanica Bak., it certainly is not Intsia palem-
banica Migq., of which one of the original types is in Herb. Calcutta. That tree, as
Miquel says, has ovate-lanceolate leaflets (8 in. long by 1°25 in. wide, tapering to
an acute point), it has also large ovate persistent bracts, ‘3 in. across. It does not
seem necessary to alter the name in this place, but in a monograph of Afzelia it
will be necessary to term the Peninsular species Afzelia Bakeri.

Mr. Baker has pointed out incidentally au omission in Mr. Kurz’s Forest Flora of
Brit. Burma: Kurz himself collected this species in the Andamans ; strangely no one
has met with it there again. He has, however, united it with 4. bijuga and it is this
union that explains Mr. Kurz’s double error of attributing to A. bijuga pods a foot
long and leaves with more than 4 leaflets.

209

_

210 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

52. Saraca Linn.

Krect trees. Leaves abruptly pinnate, leaflets glabrous rigid sub-
corlaceous or coriaceous, in bud minutely stipellate, stipels very rarely
persistent, stipnles large intrapetiolar scarious completely united, rarely
foliaceous partially free. Flowers in dense sessile paniculate rarely
simple corymbs on old nodes, or rarely axillary, with subpetaloid coloured
persistent or rarely decidous bracts and bracteoles. Calyx petaloid,
limb 4-cleft lobes imbricate subequal, tube cylindric crowned by a lobed
dise. Corolla 0. Stamens 2-8, exserted, with long filiform filaments and
oblong versatile anthers opening longitudinally. Ovary many-ovuled,
with a stalk attached to and produced beyond the disc, in most of the
flowers rudimentary; style long filiform, stigma minute suboblique
capitate. Pod flat dehiscent, rigidly coriaceous. Seeds exalbuminous.
Species 16 or more; all South-Eastern Asiatic.

Leaves quite glabrous; stipules small at length scarious
quite united along their inner margins; stipels vanishing ;
flowers yellow, at length becoming reddish, in paniculate
corymbs :— .

Bracts and bracteoles very deciduous, large where known ;

‘(pedicels glabrous) :—
Leaflets 7-jugate, petiolules ‘4 in. long; calyx-lobes
shorter than tube, bracts and bracteoles very large :—
Corymbs subsessile, dense, subsimple ; pods over 3 in.
broad; (calyx-lobes more than half as Bre as tube; _

stamens 4) 2 SJ 1. 9S. thaipingensis.
Corymbs in lax fona-poansieled ae pis 2 in. $
broad :—
Calyx-lobes one-third as long as tube; stamens 4;
pod beakless.... ove 2. 8. declinata.
Calyx-lobes half as long as tube; ens 1-8; dol
beaked u ‘ Pos .. & &. cauliflora.

Leaflets 2~3-jugate, petiolules 25 ij in. long; calyx-lobes

as long as tube; (corymbs in lax long-peduncled pani-

cles; pods 15 in. broad; bracts and bracteoles un-

known; stamens apparently 7) aa .. 4. 8. Kunstleri.
Bracts and bracteoles persistent, small; (petiolules not
exceeding °2 in.) :—

Stamens 7-8; (pedicels glabrous) :—

Leaflets 4—6-jugate, coriaceous; bracteoles amplexi-

caul, ascending ... : 5. 8. indiea.

Leaflets 1—2-jngate, A a pias spe Laas

amplexicaul, spreading © ave Be .. 6. 8. bijuga.
Stamens 3-4 :—

Pedicels glabrous; ovary glabrous (leaflets 4—7-

jugate) a mS Ans ... 7%. 8S. macroptera.

Pedicels puberulous; ovary pubescent :—

Leaflets 4~7-jugate, corymbs short... .. 8. S. palembanica.

210

Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula. 211-

Leaflets 2—4-jugate, corymbs long es .. 9. 8. triandra.
Leaves with rachis, petiolules and nerves beneath pubescent ;
stipules large foliaceous, united only in lower third ; stipels
persistent, flowers white in simple corymbs; (stamens 2)... 10. SQ. latistizulata,

1. Saraca THAIPINGENSIS Cantley MSS. in Herb. Kew. A tree
50-80 feet high, with rather slender stem 6-15 in. in diam. Leaves
with rachis 16-30 in. long; leaflets membranous, strongly veined, 6-8-
paired, oblong-lanceolate, apex acuminate, base slightly obliquely wide-
cuneate, 12-16 in. long,.4—5 in. wide, secondary nerves about 12 pairs,
dark-green, dull and glabrous on both surfaces; petiolules stout ‘+ in.
long, stipels caducous; stipules coriaceous at length scarious, usually
soon deciduous, the two united throughout into a convolute sheath for
the subsequent bud, when laid open narrowly oblong, 1 in. long, ‘4 in.
across, parallel-nerved and emarginate at the apex. Flowers in dense
simple corymbs from old nodes on thick branches and stems, 3 in. lorg
and 3-4 in. across; peduncles aud pedicels glabrous, stont; bracts large
oblanceolate-obtuse, lowest 1°5 in. long, °3 in. wide, tapering from near
the apex to the narrow-cuneate base, decreasing upwards; bracteoles
2 oblanceolate, deciduous, *5 in. long, pedicels below bracteoles °3 in.
long. Calyx yellow at length becoming red, tube ‘8 in. long, less than
twice as long as limb of 4 oblong sepals, °5 in. long. Petals 0. Stamens
4 with a rudimentary filament, the filaments slender throughout;
anthers nearly twice as long as broad; filaments twice as long as
sepals. Ovary stalked, puberulous along sutures, elsewhere glabrous,
usually rudimentary ; style declinate. Pod purple when young, shin-
ing dark-red when ripe, 15-18 in. long, 3°25 in. wide, linear-oblong, con-
siderably curved, much compressed, stipe under ‘25 in. long, apex
beakless, straight on lower, rounded on upper suture at the blunt apex,
more rounded on upper than on lower suture at the oblique base.

Perak; Thaiping, Can/ley 36! Tupai, Wray 2448! Larut, Scor-
techini ! Kunstler 2249! 2768! Goping, Kunstler 4248! 6088! Matacca ;
Ulu Chembong, Derry 999! Bukit Tampin, Goodenough 1875 A!

Mr. Derry gives the local name of this as “ Talan;” Mr. Goodenough notes it
as ‘ Gapis:”’ consult also the note under S. cauliflora.

2. Saraca pecuinata Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 84. A tree 20-60
feet high with rather slender stem 6-15 in. in diam. Leaves with rachis
12-24 in. long; leaflets thinly subcoriaceous, strongly veined, 6—8-paired,
oblong-lanceolate, apex acuminate, base slightly obliquely wide-cuneate,
9-12 in. long, 3-4 in. wide, secondary nerves about 12 pairs, dark-green
shining above, dull beneath, glabrous on both surfaces ; petiolules thick
‘4, in. long, stipels caducous; stipules coriaceous at length scarious,
usually soon deciduous, the two united throughout into ‘a convolute
sheath for the subsequent bud, when laid open ‘75 in, long, ‘3 in. wide,

211

212 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

parallel-nerved. Flowers in panicles of corymbs from leaf axils and
from old nodes on branches and stems, 1 foot long, sometimes nearly as
broad, individual corymbs 4-6 in. long, peduncles and pedicels glabrous,
stout, bracts very large ovate-acuminate, 2 in. long, ‘7 in. wide, tapering
from the middle to both ends, decreasing upwards : bracteoles 2, elliptic,
deciduous, ‘5 in. long, pedicels below bracteoles °5 in. long. Calya
bright yellow, tube 1 in. long, cylindric, slender, slightly curved, thrice
as long as limb of 4 obovate obtuse-sepals. Petals 0. Stamens 4 with a
rudimentary filament, the filaments slender throughout and inserted in
the retiring angles of a 5-lobed disc; anthers nearly twice as long as
broad; filaments thrice as long as sepals. Ovary stalked, puberulous
along sutures elsewhere glabrous, most often rudimentary; style de-
clinate. Pod black, 12 im. long, 2°75 in. wide, linear-oblong, quite straight,
compressed, stipe under ‘25 in. long, base equally cuneate and apex
equally acute to the beakless tip. Jonesia declinata Jack, Malay. Mis-
cell. II, 7. 74; Walp. Rep. I, 844.

Panane ; Tembeling, Ridley 2587! Purak; Kwala Kearing, Wray
544! Scortechint 1747! Larut, Kunstler 2729! 3961! 5393! SeLANGor ;
Kwala Lampar, Curtis! Matacca; Nyalas, Goodenough 1720! Distnis. ;
Sumatra, Java.

This species is said by Mr. Goodenough to be “ Gupis Kognet” or “Talan
Kognet,” the same names as he cites for S. cauliflora; see note under that species.

3. SARACA CAULIFLOKA Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 272. A tree
20-60 feet high, with rather slender stem 6-15 in. in diam. Leaves with
rachis 12-16 in. long ; leaflets rigidly subcoriaceous, strongly veined, 5—6-
paired, oblong-lanceolate, apex acuminate, base slightly obliquely wide-
cuneate, 9-12 in. long, 3-4 in. wide, secondary nerves about 12 pairs,
dark-green shining above, dull beneath, glabrous on both surfaces ;
petiolules stout ‘4 in. long, stipels caducous; stipules coriaceous at length
scarious usually soon deciduous, the two united throughout into a con-
volute sheath for the subsequent bud,when laid open °75 in. long, 3 in.
wide,parallel-nerved. lowers in panicles of corymbs from old nodes on
branches and stems, 6 in. long and as much across, individual corymbs
3 in, long, peduncles and pedicels glabrous stout; bracts very large,
obovate-acute, deciduous, lowest 2 in. long, ‘6 in. wide, tapering from
above the middle to a cuneate base, decreasing upwards ; bracteoles 2,
lanceolate, deciduous, ‘5 in. long, pedicels below bracteoles °5 in. long.
Calyx yellow, tube 1 in. long, twice as long as limb of 4 oblong sepals.
Petals 0, Stamens'7-8 with a rudimentary filament and two acute
angular projections on the disc; the filaments alternately slender
throughout and widened towards the base ; anthers nearly twice as long
as broad ; filaments twice as long as sepals. Ovary stalked, puberulous

212 t

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 213

along sutures elsewhere glabrous, usually rudimentary ; style declinate.
Pod black, 12-15 in. long, 2°25 in. wide, linear-oblong, somewhat curved,
compressed, stipe ‘8 in. long, base cuneate towards upper suture, apex
acute tapering towards lower suture which is prolonged into a stout
beak 1 in. long. .

Maracca; Grifith, Maingay, Derry! Goodenough! Prrak; Scorte-
chint !

The local name of this species is said by Mr. Goodenough to be “ Gapis Kog-
net” or “ Talan Kognet ;’? Mr. Derry notes it as ‘‘ Bunga Talan ? ”

How far the characters are valid that separate this species and S. thaipingensis
from §. declinata is, in the writer’s opinion, a very doubtful matter. The chief
diagnostic character, in the case of S. cauliflora, is the presence of 7 stamens and the
writer has accordingly placed in Mr. Baker’s species only those specimens where 7 or 8
stamens occur. These however consist of but two gatherings, one from Malacca and
one from Perak; for, as it happens, neither Maingay’s nor Griffith’s specimens that
form the original types of the species are represented at Calcutta. The pods des-
cribed were collected by Goodenough in Malacca and are placed here because they
certainly differ from the pods that are known to belong to the tree described as
S. declinata and from those that belong to S. thaipingensis. But young pods of S.
declinata from Java are rather more like those here supposed to belong to S. cauliflora
than like those of the Peninsular 8. declinata and a careful field study of the forms
by Malayan botanists is urgently called for. The species which Mr. Cantley has
named S. thaipingensis has usually been distributed as 8. cauliflora and it is, asa
matter of fact, of the three here described, the one that best accords with Mr.
Baker’s account of the leaves and of the corymbs of bis 8. cauiiflora. But S. thaipin-
gensis appears never to have more than 4 stamens and therefore can hardly be
Baker’s plant. If it can only be shown that the characters to be derived from the
stamens and the pods are at all variable it may be possible to reduce both
Mr. Baker’s and Mr. Cantley’s plants to S. declinata,

4, Saraca Kounstiert Prain. <A tree 20-40 feet high, stem 3-5 in.
in diam,, branchlets zigzag glabrous. Leaves even-pinnate, rachis 5-10
in. long, glabrous; leaflets petiolulate large, 2-3-jugate, diminishing
downwards, ovate-acuminate, base cuneate, distal 8-10 in. long, 3°5-4 in.
“wide, basal if 2 pairs and central if 3 pairs 4-5 in. Jong, 2°25-2°5 in.
wide, basal if 3 pairs 3-5-4 in. long, 2—2°25 in. wide; all chartaceous,
dark-green above, rather paler beneath, glabrous on both surfaces,
main-nerves ascending, 6-9 pairs, more prominent beneath as is the
midrib and the fine secondary reticulation; petiolules ‘25 in. long.
Flowers in terminal long-peduncled paniculate corymbs, the peduncles
8-12 in. long, glabrous as are the branches 1-2 in. long, and the pedi-
cels. Calyz-tube and pedicels, especially the latter, very short, together
only ‘45 in. long; bracts not seen; calyx-lobes ovate-oblong °2 in.
long, glabrous. Corolla 0. Filaments 7, anthers not seen. Pod faleate
4-6 in. long, 1°5 in, wide, glabrous. Seeds ¢—6, transversely ovate, *5 in.
long, °7 in. across, *25.in. thick, testa black, smooth, shining, crustaceous.

213

214 Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula.
Perak; Gunong Batu Pateh, 1500-2000 feet, Kunstler 8048 !

A very distinct species, apparently nearest S. Lobbiana Bak.; unfortunately
good flowers are not yet available for description.

5. Saraca mnpica Linn. Mant. I, 98. A low wide-spreading tree
20-30 feet high, stem 2 feet thick, branches glabrous. Leaves with
rachis 7-8 in. long, rachis glabrous, leaflets subcoriaceous 5, less often
6 rarely 4 pairs, oblong-lanceolate apex obtuse or acute, base rounded
or cuneate slightly oblique, 6-9 in. long, 2-3 in. wide, margins faintly
undulate, dark-green shining above, dull and paler beneath, both sides
quite glabrous; petiolules short ‘2 in. long very stout, stipels decidu-
ous ; stipules small at first coriaceous, green, at length scarious, brown,
the two united completely from base to apex into a conyolute sheath for
the subsequent bud, when laid open ovate-oblong °4 in. long, °25 in.
wide, parallel-nerved and minutely laciniate at the wide tip. Flowers in
dense corymbs 3-4 in. in diam., axillary; peduncles and pedicels red-
dish, glabrous, rather stout, basal bracts ovate-subacute with ciliolate
margins, bracteoles 2 subopposed persistent ascending oblong-spathulate
subacute amplexicaul, ‘15 in. long, pedicels below bracteoles *3—‘5 in.
long. Calyx bright-orange becoming at length red, tube ‘5—6 in. long,
cylindric, about twice as long as limb of 4, obovate-oblong sepals. Petals
0. Stamens 7 or 8 with 2 rudimentary filaments, all filaments slightly
widened and slightly connate at base, reddish, anthers nearly twice as
long as broad, purple; filaments thrice as long as sepals. Ovary stalked,
puberulous along the sutures elsewhere glabrous, 8—]2-ovuled, in most
flowers rudimentary and then quite glabrous; style filiform declinate
nearly as,long as filaments. Pod black, 4-10 in. long, 17 in. wide,
linear-oblong, compressed, valves strongly wide-reticulate ; stipe °25 in.
long. Seeds 4-8, oblong, compressed, 1°5 in. long. Mig. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 83; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 57; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. JI, 271.
S. arborescens Burm. Fl. Ind. 85, t. 25, f. 2. Jonesia Asoca Roxb. As.

Res. IV, 355; FI. Ind. TI, 218; DC. Prodr. 1], 487; Wall. Cat. 5822 ;-

W.& A. Prodr. 284; Wight Ic. t. 206; Bot. Mag. t. 3018. J. pinnata
Willd, Sp. Pl. Ii, 287.

Matacca; fide Baker in Flora of Brit. India. Probably planted ;
the species has never been sent to Calcutta by any Malayan botanist.

6. Saraca sryuca Prain. A tree with spreading branches 20-30

feet high, stem 6 in. to 2 feet thick; branches glabrous. Leaves with
rachis 1 in. long, leaflets thinly subcoriaceous 2-, or not infrequently
1-jugate, oblong-lanceolate, apex gradually narrowed in the upper third
to a sharp point, bases of terminal pair very oblique, rounded on Jower
cuneate on upper margin, of lower pair rounded or subcordate on both
sides, 4-10 in. long, 1-275 in. wide, margins faintly undulate, dark-green

214

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 915

and shining above, dull and paler betieath, both sides quite glabrous ;
petiolules very short under ‘1 in., stout, stipels deciduous; stipules small
coriaceous at length scarious, completely united from base to apex,
narrowly ovate-oblong ‘6 in. long, ‘2 in. wide, tip subacute. Flowers
in dense corymbs 4-5 in. in diam., axillary, peduncles and pedicels
reddish, glabrous, slender, basal bracts ovate-subacute with ciliolate
margins, bracteoles 2 subopposed persistent spreading, ovate-obtuse not
amplexicaul, “15 in. long, pedicels below bracteoles ‘15-2 in, long.
Calya orange becoming at: length light-red, tube *25 in. long, cylindric,
hardly louger than the limb of 4 ovate-obtuse sepals. Petals0. Stamens
7 or 8, all filaments slightly widened and faintly connate at base, dark
claret-coloured ; anthers not much longer than broad ; filaments thrice as
long as sepals. Orary stalked, very sparsely puberulous along sutures,
in most flowers rudimentary and then quite glabrous. Pod reddish-
yellow, smooth, polished, faintly reticulate, 6-8 in. long, 2°85 in. across ;
stipe ‘2 in. long. Seeds 4-6. |

Perak; Larut; in open jungle generally near -sunning streams,
Kunstler 2749! 2382! 4059! Kinta, near limestone hills, Kunstler 7221!
Larut, Scortechini 1503! Batu Togoh, Wray 2152!

This is the nearest of the native Malayan species to the common Indian Saraca
indica; it is however very distinct on account. of its 2-jugate leaves, its smaller
flowers with spreading bracteoles and its very different pods. Elsewhere the writer
has indicated the possibility of this proving ultimately to be only a variety of tie

not very fully described Javanese S. minor Miq. But from Miquel’s account of that
plant this must be at least an exceedingly distinct variety.

7. Saraca macroprera Mig, Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 1080. A tree 30-40
feet high, stem 4-6 in. in diam. Jeuves with rachis 4-15 in. long;
leaflets rigidly subcoriaceous 4-7-paired, oblong-lanceolate, apex gradu-
ally narrowed to an acuminate tip, base slightly unequally rounded,
5-12 in, long, 1°5-3°5 in. wide, secondary nerves about 12 pairs,
curving forward, prominent beneath, bright-green shining above, paler
dull beneath; petiolules ‘15 in. long, glabrous as is the rachis, stipels
caducous; stipules completely united in a scarious bud-sheath *5 in. long.
Flowers in densely fascicled corymbs in leaf axils and on old nodes, 1 in.
long, 1°5 in across; peduncles and pedicels quite glabrous very slender,
the latter *25—3 in. long below the two ovate-oblong spreading persistent
bracteoles ‘15 in. long; bracts ovate-acute ‘1 in. long. Calyx bright-
yellow, tube slender cylindric ‘25 in. long, exceeding the limb of 4 oblong
sepals 2 in. long. Petals 0. Stamens 3-4, twice as long as sepals,
filaments slender and inserted on the crenately lobed disc; anthers
short oblong. Ovary stalked glabrous. Pod not seen.

Perak; Larut, in low wet ground, Kunstler 5511! Drsrrrs.
Sumatra, Borneo.

215

216 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

This is extremely closely related to S. palembanica but is readily distinguished
by its glabrous peduncles and pedicels, and its glabrous ovary. The solitary Perak
gathering differs from the original Sumatrana specimens (n. 863 Hort. Bogor) in
having much smaller flowers, but is not otherwise distinguishable. It may, on the
whole, be better, however, to treat the Peninsular plant as a distinct variety, vag,
parviflora; unless it should be found that the two differ markedly in fruit they can
hardly be looked upon as distinct species: as yet, the fruit is unknown in either plant.

8, SARACA PALEMBANICA Mig. ex Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IH, 272.
A tree with spreading branches, 30-40 feet high, stem 8-10 in. in diam,
Leaves with rachis 8 in. long; leaflets rigidly subcoriaceous 4-7 paired,
oblong, apex obtuse shortly abruptly acuminate, base slightly unequally
rounded, 5-14 in. long, 2°5-4°5 in. wide, secondary nerves about 12 pairs,
curving forward, prominent beneath, dark-green above, paler beneath,
rather dull; petiolules "15 in. long, glabrous as is the rachis, stipels
caducous ; stipules completely united in a scarious bud-sheath ‘5 in.
long. Jlowers in densely fascicled corymbs on old nodes, 2 in. long
nearly as mach across; peduncles and pedicels pubescent, slender, the
latter *5 in. long below the two ovate-oblong spreading persistent
bracteoles 2 in. long; bracts ovate-subacute *2 in. long. Calyx orange-
yellow, tube slender cylindric ‘35 in. long, exceeding the limb of 4 oblong
sepals ‘25 in. long. Petals 0. Stamens 4, at times only 3, two and a
half times as long as sepals, filaments slender and inserted in the retiring
angles of a crenately lobed fleshy ring, deep-purple as are the shortly
oblong anthers. Ovary stalked, densely hairy, in most flowers rudimen-
tary and then subglabrous. Pod not seen. Jonesra (Saraca) palem-
banica Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. Suppl, 291.
| Penang; Kulang Ulu, Curtis 647! Panekore; Dindings river,
Curtis 1386! Matacca; Maingay! Dinpvines Terrirory; “in wet low
lands,” Bryant! Perak; Larut, “in low wet ground,” Kunstler 6372!
Scortechint 138! Distris. Sumatra.

This is very near S. macroptera Mig. but differs in having rather smaller flowers,
with pubescent peduncles and pedicels, and more densely clustered corymbs.
Miquel describes the ovary as glabrous, but it is densely pubescent except in the
case of the abortive ovaries which occur, however, in the vast majority of the
flowers. ‘hough its leaves very much resemble those of S. macroptera, it is less
closely allied to that species than it is to 8. triandra, a species which is much more
common in the Malay Peninsula than either of the others.

9. Saraca TRIANDRA Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IJ, 272. A slender
tree 15-30 feet high, stem 4-8 in. in diam. Leaves with rachis 1:5—3 in.
long ; leaflets thinly subcoriaceous, 2-3-, very rarely 4-paired, oblanceo-.
late-oblong, obtuse with or without an abrupt acumen, or subacute,
tapering from beyond the middle to a cuneate base, lower pair very
rarely rounded at base, and narrowed towards apex; 5-12 in, long, 2-6
in. wide, secondary nerves about 12 pairs, the lowest pair distinctly

216

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 217

marginal to half-way up, the others curving forward prominent beneath ;
dark-green shining above, dull beneath, glabrous on both surfaces ;
petiolules ‘15 in. long, glabrous as is the rachis, stipels caducous ;
stipules completely united in a scarious bud-sheath *5 in. long. Flowers
in lax fascicled corymbs in leaf-axils and on old nodes, 5-8 in. long and
broad ; peduncles and pedicels slender pubescent, the latter 75 in. long
below the two ovate-oblong spreading persistent bracteoles ‘25 in long;
bracts ovate subacute ‘2 in. long. Calyx yellow becoming pink or red,
tube slender cylindric, ‘25 in. long, about as long as limb of 4 oblong
sepals. Petals 0. Stamens 3-4, two and a half to three times as long as
sepals, filaments slender, inserted on a crenated fleshy ring, purplish as
are the anthers. Ovary long-stalked, densely pubescent, mostly rudi-
‘mentary. Pod oblong, very obliquely rounded at base on lower suture,
obliquely obtuse at apex with lower suture projecting as a beak ‘25 in.
long ; 4-6 in. long, 15-175 in. wide, much compressed, valves brown
when ripe, uniformly finely puberulous. Seeds 3-4.

Maracca; Grifith! Miller! Hervey! Goodenough 1463! 1478!
Maingay 563! Perak; in dry rocky places, Kunstler 2138! 2757! 3434!
3797! 8&86! 3912! 3957! 4507! 4517! 5563! 7912! 8516! 8561!
Ridley 3026! 3099! Wray 41! Scortechint 1143! 1675! Prnana;
Government Hill, Curtis 165! Dinptnes; at Rajah Hitam, Bryant !
Disrris.; Sumatra, (Moera Enim; Teysmann 3638 !)

Mr. Goodenough gives the native name of this as ‘‘ Talan.’”? The species is re-
markably closely related to S. palembanica and differs only by its larger laxer
corymbs and its fewer leaflets, and further investigation on the part of field-bota-
nists in Malaya may demonstrate that Mr. Baker’s species is only a form assumed in
dry localities by the tree that was previously described by Miquel as Jonesia palem-
banica. Both the synomyms of the Flora of British India should be deleted, for
Jonesia triandra Roxb. is Afzelia bijuga, while J. scandens Roxb. is, by Roxburgh’s
definition, clearly not this species and probably not a Saraca at all.

10. SaRaAcaA LATISTIPULATA Prain. A small tree with slender leafy
pubescent branches. Leaves 8 in. long, rachis puberulous, leaflets
rigidly coriaceous, 6 pairs, ovate-lanceolate, apex acuminate, base slightly
obliquely rounded, 45-6 in. long, 1°5 in. across, dark-green, dull glab-
rous above, pubescent on the midrib beneath and puberalous along the
margins, petiolules short, ‘15 in. long, pubescent, stipels small subnulate
persistent pubescent ; stipules large foliaceous each with a strong midrib,
ovate-acute, auriculate at base on their outer free margin, connate
between petiole and branch for one-third their length on the inner
margin, from *S—1°5 in. long, ‘25-1 in. wide, usually slightly unequal.
Flowers in very few-flowered cymes, sometimes reduced to single pedicels,
clustered on rugose woody nodes along thick old branches, under °75
in. long; with ovate-lanceolate persistent basal bracts and two sub-

i 217

218 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

opposite amplexicaul triangular persistent erect bracteoles midway
between bract and calyx-tube, pedicels and bracteoles puberulous.
Calyx white, tube cylindric ‘15 in. long, shorter than limb of 4 narrow-
oblong sepals, pubescent along margin at tip. Petals 0. Stamens 2 with
a rudimentary filament between them, opposite to and involved by the
inmost calyx segment; filaments widened at base and subconnate, pink ;
anthers nearly twice as long as broad, filaments twice as long
as sepals. Ovary pubescent. Pod oblong, obliquely obtuse at apex
with a rather pronounced beak, obliquely rounded at base, 2 in. long, ‘1
in, across. .

Perak; Dindings, Lumut, Ridley 3089! 8006 !

A very remarkable species, easily distinguished from all those hitherto known
by its large foliaceous stipules, and its stipellate leaves with pubescent rachis. It has
been obtained twice, both times in the same locality, and on both occasions by Mr.
Ridley.

53. CrupiA Schreb.

Shrubs or trees. Leaves odd-pinnate or spuriously even-pinnate by
the approximation of the penultimate to the terminal leaflet, the leaf-
rachis sometimes prolonged beyond the ultimate leaflet, the remaining
leaflets usually conspicuously alternate rarely occasionally subopposed ;
stipules interpetiolar, stipels 0. Flowers in racemes either terminating,
or simple or in clusters at the bases of, the glabrous or pubescent
new leafy shoots. Calyx-tube very short, with a short disc, seg-
ments 4 oblong, imbricated, persistent, reflexed in flower. Petals 0.
Stamens 10 (or 8-9) exserted, filaments free filiform, anthers oblong,
versatile, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary pubescent, few-ovuled ; with
distinct short glabrous stalk and filiform imeurved glabrous style;
stigma terminal capitate, small. Pod with 2 rigidly coriaceous sub-
compressed valves. Seeds few, often only 1, exalbuminous. Species,
one each Indian and African; nine or ten American; about twelve
Malayan.

The oldest names for this genus, according to the Index Kewensis, are Aplatoa
Aubl. and Touchiroa Aubl. As the first name was based on the flowers of one
species of this genus with the fruit of a Pterocarpus, it cannot possibly be used.
There seems nothing against the employment of the second name which was given
to a species of the group with few leaflets to the leaf-rachis — the group to which
C. bantamensis, C. gracilis and C. Wrayi, among Malayan species, belong.

Leaflets more than 3 (§ Crudia) :—

Leafiets coriaceous, very long caudate-acuminate, rachis

prolonged beyond the last of the oblanceolate, ali conspicu-

ously alternate leaflets; (innovations and petioles densely

rusty-tomentose) Ses Ss a ea .. 1. C. caudate,

218

Ns

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. : 219

Leaflets papery, acute or shortly acuminate, rachis not
prolonged beyond the two terminal, often spuriously
opposite leaflets :—
Innovations and petioles pubescent, leaflets uniformly
puberulous or pubescent beneath ; racemes rather lax ;
petiolules and pedicels rather long :—
Leaflets 11-13, lanceolate, pubescence tawny, pod

derisely rusty-pubescent ae ww. 2. O. Scortechinii.
Leaflets 7-9, obovate to oblong, pitk@lechée grey, pod
tawny-puberulous... * * ion BO.) (GC. Curtisit.

[ Leaflets puberulous iemecsalee apex

shortly acuminate ... eee VAR. typica ;

Leaflets. densely pubescent be-

neath ; apex acute ... ane VAR.? Wallichii.]

Innovations and petioles glabrous; racemes rather
dense; petiolules and pedicels rather short :—
Leaflets 7-8, glaucous, glabrous on the nerves, else-

where uniformly puberulous beneath — .., we 4. CO. glauca.
Leaflets 5 (rarely 3), pale-green, quite glabrous
beneath ae ove oe =8. OC. speciosa.

Leaflets 3 or by abortion Raibe (§ Touchiroa) :—
Leaflets small oblanceolate, racemes dense with puberu-

lous rachis and pedicelled flowers... 6. C. Wrayt.
Leaflets large ovate-oblong, racemes sparse with wikis
rachis and sessile flowers ee eee .. % OC. gracilis.

1. Crupia caupaTA Prain. A small tree with slender at =
glabrestent branches, and densely rusty-tomentose new shoots. Leaves
odd-pinnate, rachis 1‘5-2 in. long, petiole articulate, the interpetiolar
stipules united by their inner margins at the base only, elsewhere free,
lanceolate, densely rusty-pubescent on their petiolar, glabrous on their
axillary aspect; leaflets 5-7, petiolules *1 in long, densely rusty-tomen-
tose as is the rachis, which is prolonged beyond the last leaflet into a
subulate process ; alternate, oblanceolate, base rounded in lower, deltoid
in upper leaflets, apex prolonged inte a ‘75 in. long, narrow-caudate tip,
2°5-4 in. long, 1 in. across, rigidly coriaceous, dark-green glabrous and
shining above, dull and densely rusty-pubescent on the nerves beneath,
lateral nerves 6-7 pairs slightly ascending, looped within the margin,
secondary venation prominent beneath, all nerves obscure above. Flowers
in narrow racemes at the bases of new leafy shoots, with round densely
rusty-tomentose rachis, pedicels rather stout, under ‘25 in. long, densely
rusty with a subulate bracteole close under calyx; buds oblong °2 in.
long. Calyx-tube very short, lobes 4, imbricate, reflexed in flower,
densely rusty outside, quite glabrous within. Stamensnot seen. Ovary
stipitate, densely rusty-velvety, l-ovuled, stalk glabrous as long as
calyx-tube. Pod (young) linear-oblong, obliquely rounded at hase,

219

220 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

apex obtuse apiculate, compressed, 2 in. long, ‘75 in. across, valves
densely, shortly, subscabridly rusty-pubescent. Seed 1. owchiroa
caudata Prain MSS.

Jonore; Tanjong Kupang, ftidley 6399! Disrris. Borneo.

A remarkably distinct species, though recalling in some respects the description
given by Hasskarl of C. orientalis (Cat, Hort. Bog. 288). Hasskarl’s species has,
however, more numerous leaflets which are only rusty-pubescent on their margins;
it has also larger, 2-seeded pods.

2. Crupia Scorrecuinit Prain. A tree 80-90 feet high, young
branches tawny-pubescent. Leaves odd-piunate, rachis 6-8 in. long,
petiole articulate on an auricled node with an interpetiolar entire stipule,
leaflets 11-13, with petiolules ‘2 in. long, sparsely tawny-pubescent as is
the rachis, alternate, lanceolate, base slightly unequally rounded, apex
acuminate, 2-3 in. long, 1 in. wide, papery, green and glabrous above,
paler and pubescent with short sparse tawny hairs beneath, lateral
nerves spreading, 12-16 pairs, not much stronger than the fine secondary
venation. Flowers in narrow racemes at the ends and bases of new leafy
shoots, 3-6 in. long, with angular tawny-pubescent rachis; pedicels
slender at length ‘4 in. long, tawny-puberulous, many of the lower cadu-
cous, minutely bracteclate about the middle; buds oblong ‘2 in. long.
Calyx-tube very short lined by a disc, lobes 4, imbricate in bud reflexed
in flower, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces. Petals 0. Stamens 9,
filaments glabrous, free, alternately short and long, anthers broadly ovate,
versatile. Ovary stipitate, densely tawny-villous, 1- or 2-ovuled; stalk
glabrous as long as calyx-tube, style glabrous incurved. Pod oblong,
obliquely rounded at both ends, densely rusty-tomentose, rugulose, 2°5
in. long, 1°5 in. across, flat. Seed 1, funiculus elongated. owchiroa
Scortechinii Prain MSS.

Perak; Goping, Scortechini 2129!

A very distinct species.

3. Crupia Curtisit Prain. <A tall tree 80-150 feet high with
spreading crown and densely grey-pubescent branchlets ; stem 2-3 feet in
diam. Leaves odd-pinnate, rachis 3—4 in. long, petiole articulate on an
auricled node with an interpetiolar 2-lobed stipule, leaflets 7-9, with
petiolules ‘25 in. long, closely puberulous as is the rachis, alternate,
obovate to oblong, base slightly obliquely rounded or cuneate, apex
rounded or tapering to an at length bluntly caudate tip, 2—3°5 in. long,
1-15 in. wide, membranous, green and glabrous above, paler and
uniformly sparsely puberulous beneath, lateral nerves ascending pro-
mineutly looped within margin, secondary venation indistinct. lowers
in rather lax narrow racemes at the ends aud bases of new leafy shoots,
4—6 in. long, with angular densely grey-pubescent rachis ; pedicels very

220

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 221

slender, at length ‘6 in long, grey-puberulous, with a caducous subulate
bracteole about the middle; buds oblong ‘15 in long. Calyx-tube very
short, lobes 4, imbricate, reflexed in flower, sparsely pubescent externally,
glabrous within. Petals 0. Stamens 10, filaments glabrous, free, alter-
nately long and short, anthers broadly oblong, versatile. Ovary
stipitate densely grey-downy, 1- or 2-ovuled, stalk glabrous longer than
calyx-tube, style glabrous incurved. Pod oblong, obliquely rounded at
base, subequally rounded and apiculate at tip, rusty-puberulons, rather
distinctly reticulate, 3in. long, 2 in. wide, ‘5 in. thick, valves very firmly
coriaceous. Seed 1, oblong, 1°25 im. long, 1-2 in. wide, °35 in. thick.
Touchiroa Curtisit Prain MSS.

Penang; Govt. Hill, 1200 feet elev., Curtis 3007! Matacca; Bukit
Sadanan, Derry 1164! Perak; Larut, Kunstler 7467! Thaiping, Kunstler
8514! Kinta, Kunstler 4753 !

Var. ? Wallichii Prain; leaf-rachis and leaflets beneath densely
softly velvety; leaflets acute, not cuspidate or caudate at the tip.
Leguminosa Wall. Cat. 5983. Ignota Wall. Cat. 8089. Touchiroa
Wallichit Prain MSS.

Penane ; Porter (Wall. Cat. 5983)! Wallich (Cat. 8089) !

This fine tree is, according to Mr. Derry, known in Malacca as ‘ Kumpas
ruman.’ ‘Though very nearly related to C. glawca it seems to be quite distinct and is
easily separated by its longer petiolules; pubescent leaf-rachis, rachis of inflores-
cence and young leafy shoots; also by its rather smaller leaflets and pods. It is
likewise very closely related to C. speciosa but it has longer pedicels and a less
dense inflorescence than that species, which moreover has the leaflets quite glabrous.

The plant here tentatively referred to the species as vAR.? Wallichii occurs
twice in the Wallichian Herbarium, on both occasions without flowers or fruits. It
has never been obtained again and it is just possible that when it is re-discovered
it will prove a distinct species, C. Wallichii.

4. Crupia Gpauca Prain. A tree 50-70 feet high, with spreading
glabrous branches ; stem 1°5—-2°5 feet in diam, Leaves odd- (or some-
times even-) pinnate, rachis 2—2°5 in. long, petiole articulate on an
auricled node with an interpetiolar 2-lobed stipule, leaflets 7-8, with
petiolules -15 in. long, quite glabrous as is the rachis, alternate or
occasionally subopposite, _oblanceolate-oblong, base slightly obliquely
rounded, upex rounded and at length abruptly obtusely cuspidate, 2-5-4
in. long, 1°25-1°75 in. wide, thinly papery, dark-green and quite glabrous
above, very glaucous glabrous on the nerves elsewhere finely adpressed-
puberulous beneath, Jateral nerves ascending, prominently looped one-
third their length within the margin, secondary venation indistinct.
Flowers in dense narrow racemes at the bases of new leafy shoots, 3-5
in, long, with angular: glabrous rachis. Culya not seen. Pod oblong
tapering subequally at base to a stipe ‘25 in. long, and at apex toa

221

222 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

short acute beak, closely tawny-puberulous, rather distinctly reticulate,
4 in. long, 2 in. wide, ‘6 in. thick; valves very firmly coriaceous. Seed
1, oblong, 1°5 in. long, 1:2 in. across, “4in. thick. ouchiroa glauca Prain
MSS.

Perak ; Goping, Kunstler 8175 !

This is-very nearly related to C. Curtisii but differs markedly in having leaflets
very glaucous beneath, the leaflets being also rather larger and the petiolules
shorter ; in having the leaf-rachis, petiolules, and nerves beneath glabrous; and in
having, as is shown by the scars on the rachis of the infruitescence, much more
densely flowered racemes; the pods also are larger than in C. Curtis, Flowers
have not yet been sent. Of all the Malayan species, this is the one that most
nearly approaches the Ceylon C. zeylanica. ;

5. Croupia speciosa Prain. A handsome tree with slender pen-
dulous glabrous branches and glabrescent new shoots. Leaves odd-
pinnate, rachis 2-3 in. long, petiole articulate on an auriculate node,
with an interpetiolar 2-lobed stipule, leaflets 5 (rarely 3), with petio-
Inles ‘15 in. long, glabrous as is the rachis; alternate, oblong, base un-
equally rounded or truncate, apex abruptly tapering to a short acutely
caudate tip, 2—-2°5 in. long, 1-1°5 in. wide, papery, dark-green above,
paler beneath, quite glabrous or both surfaces, lateral nerves spreading
slender, looped within margin, hardly more prominent than secondary
venation. Flowers in rather dense narrow racemes at the ends of new
leafy shoots, 6-10 in. long with round glabrescent rachis; pedicels
spreading, very slender, quite glabrous, ‘35 in. long, with a minute brac-
teole below the middle; buds oblong, °25 in, long. Calya-tube very
short, lobes 4, imbricate, reflexed in flower, very sparsely puberulous
externally, glabrous within. Petals 0. Stamens 10, filaments glabrous,
free, alternately short and long, anthers broadly oblong, versatile.
Ovary stipitate, densely pubescent, 1- or 2-ovuled; stalk as long as
calyx-tube, glabrous, style glabrous incurved. Pod not seen. Touchiroa
speciosa Prain MSS.

‘Punean ; “a very handsome tree with dark-green leaves and slen-
der pendulous branches; growing in the Rajah’s Garden,” Curtis 2955 !
Nearest to C. Curtisii and C. glauca but evidently quite distinct from both.

6. Crupis Wrayi Prain. A small tree with slender glabrous
branches. Leaves odd-pinnate, rachis 1 in. long, petiole articulate on an
auriculate node, the interpetiolar lanceolate stipules united at their very
base only, glabrous as are the leaf-rachis and the petiolules, 15 in. long ;
leaflets 3, alternate, oblanceolate, base cuneate, apex acute or rounded
and shortly abruptly acuminate, 1°5-2°5 in. long, ‘5-1 in. wide, thinly
papery, pale yellowish-green, glabrous on both surfaces, lateral nerves
spreading, 7-8 pairs, slender, looped within margin, secondary nervation
fine but distinct. Flowers in narrow dense racemes at the ends and

222

ae a a ee

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 223

bases of new leafy shoots, 4-8 in. long, with angular puberulous rachis ;
pedicels slender ‘2 in. long, puberulous, bracteolate in the middle; buds
oblong, ‘15 in. long. Culyx-tube very short, lobes 4, imbricate in bud,
spreading in flower, faintly puberulous outside, glabrous within. Petals
0. Stamens 8-9, alternately long and short, anthers broadly ovate,
versatile. Ovary shortly stipitate, densely pubescent, 1- or 2-ovuled;
stalk glabrous equalling calyx-tube, style glabrous incurved. Pod un-
known. Touchiroa Wrayi Prain MSS. |

Perak; Larut, at Sungei on the plains, Wray 2874 !

This is a member of the group of species forming the original genus Touchiroa,
to which C. bantamensis and C. gracilis, among Malayan species, also belong. But
C. Wray? is easily distinguished from both the species mentioned by its very small

leaflets and its much longer pedicels; the flowers, except for having longer stalks,
are extremely like those of C. bantamensis.

7. Crupta gracitis Prain. A slender shrub 6-8 feet high, young
branches glabrous. eaves odd-pinnate, rachis ‘75-1 in. long, petiole
articulate on a small node, with interpetiolar glabrous lanceolate
stipules united only at their very bases, leaflets 3 (or occasionally 2
from abortion of one lateral leaflet), with stout petiolules -25 in. long,
glabrous as is the rachis; alternate, ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate,
base cuneate or slightly unequally rounded, apex shortly caudate-acumi-
nate, 4°5—6 in. long, 2—3 in. across, firmly papery, pale yellowish-green,
glabrous on both surfaces, lateral nerves ascending, about 6 pairs, distinct,
secondary venation somewhat distinct beneath. Flowers in very narrow
sparse spikes at the ends of new leafy shoots, 10-12 in. long with
angular quite glabrous rachis; sessile, minutely bracteolate below the
calyx; buds oblong, ‘15 in. long. Calyz-tube very short, lobes 4, imbri-
cate in bud, spreading in flower, quite glabrous on both surfaces. Petals
0. Stamens 8-9, filaments glabrous, free, alternately short and long,
anthers broadly ovate, versatile. Ovary shortly stipitate, densely
pubescent, 1- or 2-ovuled; stalk glabrous, shorter than calyx-tube, style
glabrous iucurved. Pod unknown. Touchiroa gracilis Prain MSS. |
Perak; Thaiping, in low wet ground in dense forest, rare, Kunstler
8468 ! P
‘This is extremely closely related to Touchiroa bantamensis Hassk. which has

also 3- (or by abortion 2-) foliolate leaves, but has larger leaflets, puberulous rachis
and sepals, and distinct though very short pedicels.

54. PeLtopHorum Vogel.

Tall unarmed trees. Leaves abruptly bipinnate. Flowers showy,
yellow or white, in axillary and in panicled terminal racemes. Calyz
with the disc confined to the base, teeth subequal, very deeply cut,
imbricate. Petals oblong or roundish, imbricated, spreading. Stamens

223

224 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

10, free, declinate; filaments with a dense tuft of hairs at the base ;
anthers uniform, linear-oblong. Ovary sessile, free, few-ovuled; style
long filiform incurved, stigma large peltate. Pod oblong, flat, thin, hard,
indehiscent, with a firm broad wing on each suture. Species 7-8; cos-
mopolitan in the tropics.

Flowering pedicels not exceeding the calyx... . 1. P. ferrugineum.
Flowering pedicels 3=4 times as long as calyx .., .. 2 P. dasyrachis.

1, PrLTOPHORUM FERRUGINEUM Benth. Flor. Austral. II, 279. A
tall tree 70-80 feet high; branchlets covered with a thin rusty tomentum.
Leaves 6-12 in. long, petiole 1-15 in., sparingly rusty-pubescent; pinne
16-20, distal 4-6 in. long, progressively shortening towards proximal,
3-4 in.; leaflets close, ligulate-oblong, sessile, base unequal, apex obtuse,
‘5-75 in. long, ‘35 in. wide, subcoriaceous, puberulous above, faintly
rusty-pubescent beneath. Racemes in a large terminal panicle 12 in. long,
8-9 in. across, branches 4-6 in. long, bracts linear under 1 in. long, very
caducous, bud °35 in. in diam., pedicels ‘15-25 in. long, rachis, branches
and pedicels densely rusty-pubescent. Calyx partite to*lo in. from base,
lobes subequal, ovate-lanceolate, '25 in. long, densely rusty-pubescent
externally. Corolla 1:25 in. wide, petals8 in. long, yellow, the thickened
base densely rusty-hairy on both sides, the blade more or less glabrous

but the margin ciliate with rusty hairs. Stamens 10, free, filaments —

equal, pubescent at the base. Ovary densely villous, style very sparing-
ly pubescent throughout, the stigma peltate. Pod 2-4 in. long, 1 in.
across, narrowed to both ends, rigid, glabrous, closely longitudinally
veined outside. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 257. Poinciana Roxburghiw
G. Don, Gen. Syst, IT, 433. Osesalpinia inermis Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 367.
C. ferruginea Dene, Nouv. Ann. Mus. II, 462; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I,
lll. ©. arborea Zoll, Nat. en Geneesk. Arch. III, 65; Mig. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I,112,

AnpaMANs ; Kurz! Nicopars; Jelinek 240! Heinig! Kenan; Langkawi,
Curtis 370! Maxacca; Griffith 1903! Hervey2078! Sinearore; Ridley
265! Jonore; Ridley 3977! Duistrrip. Borneo (Hullett) ; Java; Timor.

2. PELTOPHORUM DASYRACHIS Kurz ex Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I,
257. <A tall tree 70-80 feet high; branchlets covered with a fulvous
tomentum. Leaves 6-15 in. long, petiole 1—-1°5 in. long, tomentose ;
pinne 14-18, distal 4-5 in. long, shortening progressively towards prox-
imal 2-2°5 in.; leaflets close, ligulate-oblong, sessile, base unequal, apex
rounded, ‘5-75 in. long, *35 in. wide, subcoriaceous, puberulous above,
slightly rusty-pubescent beneath. Racemes 6-9 in. long, 3 in. across,
pedicels patent 1-1°5 in. long, bracts lanceolate, ‘5 in. long, subpersistent ;
bud ‘35 in. indiam.; rachis, pedicels and bracts rusty-pubescent. Calyx
partite to ‘15 in. from base, lobes equal, ovate-lanceolate, *25 in. long,

224

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 225

densely rusty-velvety externally. Corolla 1:5 in. across, petals 1 in.
long, oblong, yellow, the thickened base very densely hairy on both
sides, the blade glabrous. Stamens 10, free, filaments equal, pubescent
at the base. Ovary densely villous, style sparsely pubescent through-
out, the stigma large peltate glabrous. Pod 4-5 in. long, 1:25-1°4 in.
across, rigid, 1—5-seeded, narrowed at both ends, faintly puberulous
and not veined externally. Cesalpinia Finlaysoniana Grah. in Wall.
Cat. 5971. CO, dasyrachis Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 292.

Perak; Goping, Scortechini, 1994! Trang, Kunstler 1394! 8172!
Matacca; common, Griffith! Maingay 560! Holmberg 884! Derry
1049! Distris. Sumatra.

The native name in Malacca is “ Batai” or “ Kayu Batai.”

There is a third species of Peltophorum in Sumatra (P. grande), a very tall tree
with white. flowers tinged with pink.

55. CasauPrnia Linn.

Robust erect trees, shrubs, or woody prickly climbers. Leaves large,
abruptly bipinnate. Flowers showy, yellow, in copious axillary racemes.
Calyx deeply cleft, with the disc confined to its base, the lobes imbri-
cated, the lowest the largest, cucullate. Petals spreading, usually orbi-
cular with a distinct claw, the uppermost smaller than the others.
Stamens 10, free, declinate; anthers oblong, uniform, versatile. Ovary
sessile or subsessile, few-ovuled ; style filiform, sometimes clubbed at
the tip, stigma terminal. Pod oblong or ligulate, thin and flat, or
thicker and subturgid, indehiscent or dehiscent, smooth or (in sUBGEN.
Guilandina) armed all over with wiry spines. Species about 40, widely
spread in the tropics of both hemispheres.

Pod armed with abundant wiry prickles; petals narrow
(GUILANDINA) :—
Leaves stipulate, leaflets small, bracts squarrose .. Ll. C.Bonducella.
Leaves without stipules, leaflets larger, bracts ascending ... 2. C. Bonduc.
Pod unarmed, petals broad :—
' Pod dry, thin-valved with narrow sutures (EuUCHZSALPINIA) :—
Leaflets few, coriaceous, large; pods short, seeds soli-~
tary or rarely 2 (§ Nugaria) oy oo. 3. C. Nuga.
Leaflets many, membranous or Bn Pie Oe ie pods
longer than broad, seeds 5-8 :— ;
Stamens long, far-exserted ; petals long-clawed ( § Czsal-
pinaria)... ea 4. C. pulcherrima.
Stamens short, little- isleidil petals. short- olaren
(§ Sappania) :— _
Petals orbicular, flowers °75 in. across :—
Stipules 0, petals subequal, pod wingless broadly
blunt-pointed with recurved beak a . 5, C. Sappan.
225

‘

226 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Stipules large, upper petal smaller than the others,

pod narrowly winged along ventral suture, ob-

liquely round-pointed with straight beak ... 6. C. sepiaria.
Petals oblong (subequal), flowers only ‘3 in. across,
(pod wingless, broadly blunt-pointed with straight

beak) .. = uss ise .. 7. C. parviflora.
Pod Kemet fleshy, thick-valved with wide sutures
(CiNCLIDOCARPUS) :—
Leaflets oblong ; racemes lax, pedicels much exceeding
calyx bis wap os .. 8. C. digyna.
Leaflets ligulate, racemes denser, pean hardly exceed-
ing calyx .. ee = so a ... 9. C. tortuosa,

Suscen. 1. Guinanpina Bak. Pod dry, armed on the face with
abundant wiry prickles ; petals narrow.

1. Casaupinta Bonpucetta Fleming, Asiat. Research. XI, 159.
A climber, often very extensive, with finely grey-downy branches
armed with many small hard falcate yellow prickles. Leaves 1 to 2
feet long, with a pair of reduced pinne (or compound stipules) at their
base; pinne 12-16, 2-3 in. long, shghtly lengthening upwards, leaflets
12-18, membranous, rather pale-green, ovate or elliptic, base slightly
unequally rounded, apex cuneate or rounded mucronulate, ‘5-1 in. long,
‘3-6 in. wide, glabrous above, slightly puberulous beneath, more closely
on the margins, petiolules very short; lobes of compound stipules sub-
orbicular. tacemes terminal and shghtly supra-axillary, simple or
panicled, dense at top, laxer downwards, 6-10 in. long; pedicels °2 in.
(in fruit ‘3 in.) long, with squarrose reflexed lanceolate deciduous bracts
‘25—3 in. long, finely brown-downy as are the pedicels and main-rachis.
Calyx ‘25-3 in. long, closely downy. Petals oblanceolate, little exserted,
yellow except the broader shorter ovate-acute upper with reddish base.
Stamens densely grey-silky, declinate. Pcd short-stalked, oblong, 2-3 in.
long, 1°75 in. wide, densely strongly aculeate externally. Seeds usually
2, oblong, lead coloured, ‘5 in. across. Roxb. Flor. Ind. IJ, 357; Bak.
in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 254. Guilandina Bonducella Linn. Sp. Pl. 381;
Wall. Cat. 5803. G. Bonduc W. & A. Prodr. 280 in part; Miq. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 113 in part.

ANDAMANS; common on the coasts. Pananc; Curtis 99! Distris. + —

Cosmopolitan in the tropics.

2. Oxsazpinta Bonpuc Roxb. Hort. Beng. 32. A large shrubby
creeper often very extensive, with sparingly pubescent branches armed
with rather strong falcate brown prickles. Leaves 1-2 feet long, without
stipules ; pinne 8-16, 5-8 in. long, slightly lengthening upwards, leaflets
12-14, papery, ovate, base subequally rounded, apex cuneate mucro-
nate, 1-5-2 in. long, *75-1 in. wide, dark-green shining glabrous above,
rather closely puberulous beneath, petiolules ‘08 in. long. Racemes

226

\

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 227

terminal and supra-axillary simple or panicled, rather lax throughout,
6-12 in. long; pedicels ‘2 (in fruit °3) in. long, with membranous
lanceolate deciduous bracts ‘2 in. long, finely brown-pubescent as are the
pedicels and main-rachis. Calya ‘2-25 in. long, closely downy, light-
green, tinged with pink. Petals oblanceolate, little exserted, yellow.
Stamens silky, declinate. Pod rather distinctly stipitate, oblong, 5 in.
long, 2'5 in. wide, sparsely strongly aculeate externally. Seeds usually
4, oblong, °5 in. across. Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 362; Bak. in Flor. Brit,

Ind. Il, 255. Guilandina Bonduc Linn. Sp. Pl. 381; DC. Prodr. IT,
480; Wall. Cat. 5806; W. & A. Prodr. 280 in part; Miq. Flor. Ind,
Bat. I, 113 in part.

Nicopars; King’s Collector! Penana; Wallich 5806! Panane;
Ttidley 2650! Perak; Scortechint 1062! Kunstler 7147! Wray 3089!
Distris. Cosmopolitan in the tropics.

-Supeen. 2. EHocmsappinta. Pod dry, unarmed, valves thin; petals
broad.

§ 1. Nuaaria DC, Leaflets few coriaceous shining ; petals short-
clawed; stamens not far exserted ; seeds J, rarely 2.

3. Cazsaupinta Nuoa Ait. Hick, ne IlI, 32. A very extensive
littoral climber, with glabrous green branches armed with very strong,
short, hard, dark, hooked prickles. Leaves 6-12 in. long, pinne 6-8,
rather remote, subequal, 2—3 in. long, leaflets 4 or (oftener) 6, rigidly
coriaceous, dark-green and shining above, ovate, acute or very rarely
obtuse, base slightly unequally rounded or sometimes cuneate, 1—2°5 in.
long, ‘5-1 in. wide, quite glabrous on both surfaces ; petiolules ‘15 in.
- long. Racemes in a terminal panicle extending into the axils of the
uppermost leaves, 10-15 in. long, 6-8 in. across, individual racemes 2°5-3
in. long; pedicels °3 (in fruit ‘5) in. long, with small ovate-lanceolate
deciduous bracts ‘lin. long. Calya ‘25-3 in, long, leathery, quite glab-
rous., Corolla ‘5 in. across, fragrant, petals yellow, orbicular except the
rather smaller ovate-acute upper blotched with red. Stamens densely
woolly at base, declinate. Pod 2 in. long, 1°35 in wide, oblong, beaked,
hard, slightly turgid, indehiscent. Seed solitary, black, 1 in. long, *75 in.
wide. DC. Prodr. II, 481; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat, I, 108; Bak. in Flor.
Brit. Ind. II, 255. Cesxsalpinia paniculata Desf. Cat. ed. 2, 210 ; Roxb.
Hort. Beng. 32; DC. Prodr. II, 481; Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 364; W. &
A. Prodr. 281; Wight, Ic. t, 36. ©. sumatrana Wall. Cat. 5831 B, C,
not of Roxb. O. bijuga Wall. Cat. 5833, not of Sw. C. scandens
Keenig in Roth, Nov. Sp. 289; DC. Prodr. II, 482; Wall. Cat. 5829.
Guilandina Nuga Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. II, 545. Bs sylvarum BORae:
Herb. Amboin. V, t 50.

ANDAMANS; Very common on all the coasts and near muddy creeks.
227.

228 | Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula.

Nicopars; common. Kzpan; Pulo Langkawi, Curtis 2618! 2867!
Perak; Scortechini 1096! Kunstler 1029! Manacca; Griffith 1898!
pacian ; Ridley 1377! Disrris. Coasts of S.-H. Asia, North Australia
and Western Polynesia.

The nearest ally of this species is not any plant known as a Cxsalpinia, batia
species from China known as Mezoneuron sinense.

§ 2, CamsaxprnaAria Bth. & Hk. f. Leaflets small, numerous, mem-~
branous ; petals very long-clawed ; stamens very far exserted ; seeds 6-8.

A. Oaeski vinith PULCHERRIMA iwi Obs. 166. A shrub with glabrous
unarmed or very sparsely and weakly prickly branches. Leaves 4-6 in.
long, pinne 12-16, 2-4 in. long, the proximal and distal rather shorter
than those between, leaflets 16-24, distinctly petiolulate, close, membra-
nous, elliptic-oblong, apex obtuse, base slightly oblique, cuneate on upper
rounded on lower side, *5—7 in, long, ‘35-45 in. wide, dark-green, glab-
rous on both surfaces. Racemes terminal and axillary, simple or very
sparingly branched, 8-12 in, long, at length subcorymbose, 4-6 in. wide,
pedicels ascending, the lowest reaching 3-4 in. in length; bracts subu-
late ‘2 in. long, very early caducous. Calijx 6 in. long, quite glabrous,
leathery, the lower segment very large and deeply cucullate, -4 in. wide.
Corolla spreading, 1°5 in. across, all petals long-clawed, the lower four
‘75 in. long, yellow or red, lamina orbicular with crisped margin, ‘5 in.
in diam., the upper smaller. Stamens far-exserted, red, glabrous, 1°75
in.long. Pod thin, flat, ligulate, glabrous, nearly straight, 2-3 in. long, *6
in. wide ;. seeds 6-8, broadly oval, compressed, brown, *4 in. long, °3 in.
wide. Benth. Pl. Jungh. 258; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 111; Bak. in
Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 255. Poinciana pulcherrima Linn. Sp. Pl. 880; DC.
Prodr. II, 484; Bot. Mag. t. 995; Wall. Cat. 5813; Roxb. Flor. Ind.
{I, 355; W.& A. Prodr. 282. Rheede, Hort. Malab. VI, t. 1; Rumph.
Herb. Amboin. II, t. 20.

A garden or hedge plant in most of our provinces.

The native country of this species is uncertain, but apparently it is not any-
where truly wild in S.-E. Asia. The other species of the section are American,

so that this one has perhaps also been originally derived from the Western Hemis-
phere.

§ 3. Sarpanta DC. Leaflets many, membranous, small; petals

short-clawed ; stamens not far exserted ; seeds 3-6.

5. Cmsanprnia Sappan Linn. Sp. Pl. 381. A tree 20-30 feet high —

with thorny stem 6-10 in. in diam.; branches rusty-pubescent with few

small prickles. Leaves 8-15 in. long, pinne 16-24, 4-6 in. long; leaflets °

20-36, close, membranous or chartaceous, oblong, very oblique, sessile,
attached at lower corner, apex obtuse or slightly retuse, ‘5--75 in.

long, ‘35 in. wide, glabrous above, slightly puberulous on the nerves
228

Materials for a Flora of the.Malayan Peninsula. 229

beneath. .Racemes in a terminal. panicle extending into the axils of the
uppermost leaves, 12-16 in. long, 8.in, across, individual racemes 4-6 in.
long ; pedicels -5—6 in. long, bracts lanceolate *3 in. long, very decidu-
ous. Calyx ‘4in. long, leathery, glabrous. Corolla -75 in. .across, petals
bright-yellow, the upper with a pinkish basal patch, all orbicular sub-
equal, Stamens waxy-white, densely woolly at base, declinate. Ovary
grey-velvety. Pod 3-4 in. long, 1°5—2 in. wide, subcompressed, polished,
indehiscent, with a hard recurved short beak at upper angle of obtuse
apex. Roxb. Cor. Pl. I,.-17,.t. 16;. Hort. Beng. 32; DC. Prodr. II,
482; Wall. Cat. 5888 ; Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 357; W. & A. Prodr. 281;
Miq. Anal. Ind. I, 9; Flor. Ind. .Bat...I, 108; Bedd. Flor. Sylvat. 90;
Anal, Gen. t...13, f. 1; Bak. in Flor. Brit. -Ind.. II,.255. Biancewa
Sappan Todaro, Hort. Bot..Panorm, 3... Lignum: Sappan:Rumph. Herb.
Amboin. IV, t. 21.

Perak; open jungle at foot of hills,.Ulu Bubong, Kunstler 10567 !
Panane; Pulo Changei, Ridley -2590! Disrris. India, Indo-China;
Malay Archipelago.

6. CHSALPINIA SEPIARIA Roxb. Hort. Beng. 32.. A moderate climber
with stout woody stem and somewhat densely grey-: or brown-pubescent
branches: armed with strong sharp prickles. Leaves stipulate, 9-15 in.
long ; pinne 12-20, 2-3 in, long, subequal, leaflets 16-24, very shortly
petiolulate, close, membranous, oblong, apex obtuse, base rounded on
both sides, slightly oblique on upper, “5-8 in. long, rather pale-green
glabrous above, glaucous and slightly pubescent: beneath ; stipules very
obliquely ovate with crisped margins, long-acuminate apex, and- with
projecting auriculate lower angle of base, ‘5 in. long, ‘3 in. wide, soon
deciduous. Racemes terminal and axillary all-simple, drooping, 6-12 in.
long, 2-25 in. across, pedicels .erecto-patent, ‘75 in. long, bracts large
ovate-lanceolate caducous, ‘4 in. long, densely pubescent. Calyx ‘5. in.
long, densely pubescent. . Corolla spreading, :75-in..across,. petals bright
yellow, -all. orbicular, °5 in. across except the upper only 25 in. in diam.
Stamens little exserted, declinate, greenish-white, densely woolly -in tlie
lower half. Pod indehiscent, linear-oblong, 3-5 in. long, 1:2 in. across,
sublignose, glabrous, slightly recurved and slightly turgid, rather strong-

x ly reticulate-veined. especially in.the half next lower suture; upper
suture dilated into a narrow wing; faces slightly depressed. between the
6-8 mottled seeds, +4 in. long, 3 im. wide. ‘Wall. Cat. 5834; ‘Roxb.
Flor. Ind. II, 360; W. & A. Prodr. 282; Wight, Ic. 37; Mig. Flor.
Ind. Bat. [, 109; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind.'II, 256. ©. ferex Hassk. PI.
Jav. Rar. 400. C. japonica Sieb. & Zuce, Fl. Jap. 9.- C. crista Thunb.
Flor. Jap. 179, not. of Linn. Reichardia decapetala .Roth..Nov..Sp. 9;
DC. Prodr. II, 484. Bianca scandens Todaro, Hort. Bot. Panorm: 4, t. 1.
229

q
{
‘
4
iy
7 -
-
—
.
‘
,.
“aie
“any
“
i

230 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

PenanG; Govt. Hill, 2500 feet, Curtis, 385! Disrris. Eastern and
South-Eastern Asia, introduced in America.

7. CSALPINIA PARVIFLORA Prain. A small tree or, at times, a
climber, with stem 8-12 in. in diam. and with rusty-pubescent branches
sparingly armed with small prickles. Leaves stipulate 8-10 in. long,
pinne 18-24, 2-3 in. long; leaflets 30-36, close, firmly subcoria-
ceous, oblong, sessile, attached sub-centrally but with the lower corner

subauriculately produced, apex obtuse or rounded, *35—5 im. long,

*2-25 in. wide in var. typica, °75 in. long, '35 in. wide (or rarely even
larger) in. vAR? stipularis, dark-green glabrous and shining above, dull
beneath and glabrous in var. typica, sparsely puberulous on the midrib
in vAR? stipularis; stipules lanceolate or oblong “45-75 in. long.
Racemes in an ample terminal again branching panicle extending into the
axils of the upper leaves, 2-3 feet long, 12-15 in. across, primary
branches 5-8 in. long, final individual racemes 3 in. long; pedicels ‘25
in. long, slender, densely puberulous as are the main-rachis and
branches of panicle ; bracts linear or lanceolate, ‘2-25 in. long, decidu-
ous. Calyx ‘25 in. long, thinly coriaceous, puberulous. Corolla °3

in. across, petals greenish-yellow, oblong, subequal,.hardly exserted.

Stamens green, densely woolly at base. Ovary sparsely pubescent. Pod
of var. typica 1 in. long, ‘5 in. wide, with a recurved beak at upper angle
of obtuse apex; seeds (young) oval, 4, ‘25 in. long.

. War. typica; leaflets not exceeding ‘5 in. in length, glabrous
beneath ; stipules lanceolate, -45 in. long, ‘2 in. wide, margin entire;
bracts linear, 2 in. long, hardly equalling the pedicels.

Perak; at low elevations, Kunstler 3499! 7584! Wray 1909!
Var. ? stipularis; leaflets ‘75 in length or longer, the midrib
beneath puberulous; foliaceous stipuies broadly ovate-oblong, *75 in.
long, ‘35 in. wide, continued in the leafless portion of the more diffusely
branching and more densely puberulous inflorescence, their margins
often incised ; bracts lanceolate, ‘25 in. long, equalling the pedicels.
Perak; Larut, in the plains, Wray 3983! 3991! 4261!

The foliage of the typical variety of this species is very like that of C.
cinclidocarpa Miq. or C. tortuosa Roxb. but the remarkably small flowers and the
different fruit (which is exactly like a minature C. Sappan pod) abundantly dis-
tinguish it from all other Indo-Malayan species.

The pod of vaR? stipularis is not yet known and it may ultimately be necesary
to separate it specifically from C. parviflora. But its flowers, except that the calyx
is somewhat more puberulous, are exactly as in C. parviflora, and though VAR?
stipularis has a somewhat different facies on account of its larger leaflets and
especially its much longer foliaceous subpersistent stipules, it seems better in the

meantime to treat it tentatively as no more than a variety of C. parviflora. Wray «

notes that vArR. typica is a “small tree;’’ Kunstler states on one occasion that it is

230

bib tainin. _ ee

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 231

a tree 30-40 feet high, on another that it is a climber 100-150 feet long. Of all three
gatherings of vaR.? stipularis it is noted that the plant is a climber.

Suscen. 3. Cincripocarpus Bak. Pod rather fleshy, indehiscent,
naked on the faces, with thickened sutures. Petals broad.

8. CasaLpinia picyNna Rottl. ex. Willd. Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. IV,
198 t.3. A climber with glabrous or slightly downy branches armed
with scattered prickles. Leaves 6-9 in. long, pinne 8-9, 1:5-2°5 in.
long increasing upwards, leaflets 16-20, close, membranous, oblong,
obtuse, sessile, base subequally rounded, ‘35-45 in. long, 25 in. wide,
medium-green and glabrous above, greyish and obscurely downy be-
neath ; stipules subulate, membranous, very early deciduous. Racemes
simple axillary, 8-12 in. long, 3 in. wide, pedicels distant slender hori-
zontal or slightly deflexed, 1 in. long, glabrous as is the main-rachis.
Calyx leathery, quite glabrous, ‘3 in. long. Corolla spreading, ‘75 in.
across, petals orbicular, ‘3 in. in diam., subequal, yellow except the upper
slightly streaked with red. Stamens little exserted, filaments greenish-
white, densely woolly in the lower half, declinate. Pod rather fleshy,
indehiscent, oblong, glabrous, with much thickened sutures, 1°5-2 in.
long, | in. across, turgid, torulose; seeds 2—4, black, ovoid, ‘5 in. long, -4
in. wide. DC. Prodr. IJ, 482; Wall. Cat. 5839; W. & A. Prodr. 281;
Bak. in Flor. Brit: Ind. IT, 256. (C. oleosperma Roxb. Hort. Beng. 32;
Fl, Ind. Il, 306. C. flavicans Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5825. (. gracilis
Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 110. Pterolobium lacerans Wall. Cat. 5841
letters F, H, and I; not of R. Br.

Manacca; Griffith! Penance; Ourtis 448! Tonexau; Curtis’ Col-
lector 2862! Distris. India, Indo-China, Malay Archipelago.

9. CmsaLpiInia TorTUOSA Roxb. Hort. Beng. 32. A stout subscan-
dent straggling shrub, with slightly downy spreading branches armed
with very strong prickles. Leaves 12-18 in. long, pinnee 30-40, 2°5-4
in. long, the proximal and distal rather shorter than those between,
leaflets 40-60, sessile, close, rigidly subcoriaceous, narrowly ligulate,
apex obtuse or rounded, base obliquely cuneate, -25—3 in. long, ‘1 in.
wide, dark-green, glabrous on both surfaces, shining above. Racemes
axillary, simple, erect, 15-18 in. long, 1°5 in. across, pedicels spreading,
‘*5 in. long, slender, glabrous as is the stout rachis, bracts very small
caducous. Calyx ‘5 in. long, leathery, quite glabrous, the lower segment
very deeply cucullate, ‘35 in. wide. Corolla spreading, ‘75 in. across,
petals bright-yellow with red streaks near base, all orbicular clawed,
‘5 in. across except the upper only ‘25 in. in diam. Stamens little-
exserted, declinate, green, densely woolly in lower half. Pod oblong,

_ twisted, indehiscent, glabrous, with much thickened sutures, 2-3 in.
long, 1 in. across, turgid, torulose; seeds 2-5, hard, smooth, dark-brown,
Sab. usr

232 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

-4,in. across. Wall. Cat: 5827, A, B, and C.; Roxb. Flor. Ind. II, 365;
Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 109; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 257.

Penang; Penara Bukit, 700 feet, Curtis 1027! Disrais. aces.
Tenasserim.

Very nearly related to- C. cinclidocarpa Miq. which differs by its branching in-
florescence and its pubescent calyx; also to. C. acanthobotrya Mig. which has
shorter, more laxly-flowered racemes and broader leaflets. Mr. Kurz indeed has
in Herb. Calcutta proposed to treat C. acanthobotrya as a variety (vaAR. latifolia) of
C. tortuosa but the examination of an authentic example of Dr. Miquel’s plant leads
the writer to believe that it is better, at least at present, to consider it specifically
distinct.

56. Mezonevron Desf.

Robust woody prickly climbers. Leaves abruptly bipinnate. Flowers
in ample panicled racemes. Calyx very oblique, usually deeply cleft,
with a basal or intertubal disc, the lobes imbricated, the lowest largest
covering the others in bud like a hood. Petals spreading, obovate-
spathulate, subequal or the upper smallest. Stamens free, declinate,
usually exserted; anthers oblong, uniform. Ovary sessile or shortly
stipitate, declinate, few- or many-ovuled ; style filiform, stigma small,
capitate, the margin often fringed. Pod large, thin, oblong, flat, indehis-
cent, with a broad wing down the upper suture; ‘seeds compressed,
orbicular, cotyledons flat, radicle straight. Species about 15; all in the
tropics of Eastern Hemisphere.

Calyx deeply cleft, with a wide short tube and a basal
disc, the anterior lobe deeply cucullate (Hwmezoneuron) :—

Leaflets opposite, large; podsl-seeded_... «.e Ll. M. cucullatum,
Leaflets alternate, medium to.small; pods. several
seeded :—-

Leaflets beneath and calyx externally pubernlous ... 2. MM. hymenocarpum.
Leaflets beneath and calyx externally glabrous :—
Pedicels puberulous, jointed near base of calyx;

leaflets cuneate at apex... ... & M. Kunstler.
Pedicels glabrous, jointed caittebenehis halo base
of calyx; leaflets obtuse... . 4 M. andamanicum.

Calyx shallowly cleft, with a narrow long tube and a disc
extending above the base, anterior lobe ec ie hooded
(Tubicalyx); (leaflets alternate) ... x 5. M. swmatranum.
Suscen. 1. Eoumezoneuron; calyx ee cleft, disc basal; lower
lobe deeply cucullate.

1. Mezonevron cucuttatum W. & A. Prodr. 283. A large climber,

branches glabrous armed with small dark short recurved prickles.
Leaves 6-12 in. long, pinne 4-10, 6-8 in. long; leaflets 8-10, opposite,
rigidly subcoriaceous, ovate-acute, base wide-cuneate slightly unequal,

2-4 in. long, 1°25-1°75 in. wide, glabrous on both surfaces, dark-green

232

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 233

above, paler beneath, secondary veins 4-5 pairs and intermediate reti-
culations faint; petiolules ‘2in. long. Inflorescence a terminal or axillary
panicle of simple or occasionally branched racemes, 1-1‘5 feet long,
with terete glabrous main-rachis ; single racemes 4-8 in. long ; pedicels
close-set, slender, *3 in. long, jointed a little above the middle. Calyx
yellow, quite glabrous, leathery, anterior sepal cucullate, obtuse, *25 in.
long, the rest orbicular, tube shallow. Corolla *45 in. across, pale-green,
standard 2-lobed, shorter but wider than the other subequal orbicular
4. Stamens far exserted, puberulous at base, declinate, unequal. Ovary
declinate, 1-2-ovuled. Pod thin, 3-3°5 in. long, 1°25 in. wide (includ-
ing wing ‘3 in. wide), faintly reticulated ; seeds usually solitary, very
rarely 2. .
ANDAMANS; common. Disrris. Hastern Himalaya, India, Indo-
China. ;

2. Mezonevron HymenocarpumM W. & A. Prodr. I, 283. A large
climber, branches finely puberulous, with a few scattered recurved
brown prickles» Leaves 1-1'5 feet long, pinnz 1-10, 3-4 in. long, leaflets
10-14, alternate or subopposite, rigidly subcoriaceous, obovate, apex
obtuse or rounded, base cuneate unequal, ‘5-1 in. long, -25—6 in. wide,
puberulous above, puberulous to densely pubescent beneath, secondary
veins 5-6 pairs very faint; petiolules "15 in. long. Inflorescence a large
terminal thyrsoid panicle of unbranched racemes extending into the
axils of the uppermost leaves, 2 feet long, 8-10 in. wide, the single
racemes 6-8 in. long, puberulous as are the main-rachis and slender
pedicels, 35-5 in. long, jointed -15 in. under base of calyx. Calyx
‘densely puberulous, leathery, anterior sepal cucullate subacute, °25 in,
‘long, the others orbicular. Corolla *5 in. across, yellow, petals ovate.
orbicular, upper small, Stamens far exserted, hirsute at base, declinate,
unequal. Ovary declinate, about 5-ovuled; stigma slightly fringed.
Pod thin, 4in. long, when ripe 1 in. wide (including posterior wing
°25—3 in wide), faintly wide-reticulated, 5-seeded. Cxsalpinia hymeno-
carpa Wall, Cat. 5832. Mezoneuron pubescens Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II,
259 not of Desf. |

ANDAMANS; very plentiful near Port Blair, King’s Collectors! Dts-
TRIB. Burma; Ceylon. |

Resembles M. andamanicum but is easily distinguished by its leaves and its
calyx being pubescent; by its pedicels being shorter; and by its pods being smaller
and not so distinctly reticulated.

8. Mezoneuron Kunstiert Prain. A large climber, branches gla-
brous, with a few brown scattered recurved prickles. Leaves 6-8 in,
long, pinne 4-6, 4-5 in. long, leaflets 6-8, alternate, subcoriaceous, ovate,

cuneate at apex and base, almost equally decurrent on the short petiolule,
oan

234 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

‘5-1:25 in. long, *35-"75 in. wide, glabrous on both surfaces, dark-green
above, glaucescent beneath, secondary veins few, faint, widely reticulated ;
petiolules 15 in. long. Inflorescence a large terminal thyrsoid panicle of
unbranched racemes 1°5-2 feet long, 8-9 in. wide, the single racemes
8-10 in. long, faintly puberulous as in the main-rachis; pedicels slender
-35—45 in. long, distinctly puberulous, jointed *2 im. under base of calyx.
Calyx quite glabrous, leathery, anterior sepal. deeply eucullate obtuse,
‘25 in. long, the rest orbicular, all gland-dotted as is the shallow tube.
Corolla *5 in. across, bright-yellow, petals ovate-orbicular, upper smaller
than the others. Stamens far exserted, hirsute at base, declinate, un-
equal. Ovary declinate, about 5-ovuled ; stigma slightly fringed. Pod
only seen very young ; wing half as wide as body of pod.
Perak; Sungah Ryah, Kunstler 895!

A species very near M. andamanicum, with which it agrees in number, size, and
disposition of leaflets, and which it closely resembles in flowers. The different
shape of the leaflets, however, and especially the much shorter distance between the
joint in the pedicel and the base of the calyx, with the much ghorter puberulous
pedicels, mark it as abundantly distinct. ‘The wing, too, of the very young pod is in
M. Kunstleri almost twice as wide as the wing in the corresponding stage of the pod
in M. andamanicum,

4. MEZONEURON ANDAMANICUM Prain, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. LX],
2. 131. A large climber, branches glabrous with a few scattered
prickles. Leaves 1-1'5 feet long, pinne 4-10, 5-7 in. long, leaflets 8-10,
alternate, rigidly subcoriaceous, obovate, slightly retuse, base cuneate
slightly unequally decurrent on the short petiolule, “5-15 in. long,
‘35-1 in. wide, glabrous on both surfaces, dark-green above, pale beneath,
secondary veins few faint widely reticulated; petiolules ‘15 in. long.
Inflorescence a large terminal thyrsoid panicle of unbranched racemes
extending into the axils of the uppermost leaves, 2-2°5 feet long, 1 foot
wide, the single racemes 10-12 in. long, quite glabrous as are the main-
rachis and the slender pedicels ‘5-75 in. long, jointed ‘3 in. under base of
calyx. Calya quite glabrous, leathery, anterior sepal deeply cucullate
obtuse, ‘25 in. long, the rest orbicular all reticulate-veined and yellow
gland-dotted as is the shallow tube. Corolla ‘5 in. across, rather pale-
yellow, petals ovate-or ‘bicular, the upper smaller than the others with
a thickened claw prolonged into a ligular ciliate ridge, the rest with
claw hirsute internally and with lamina red-blotched at base and pink-
veined. Stamens far exserted, hirsute at base, declinate, 2-seriate, free,
unequal. Ovary declinate, ovules about 6; stigma slightly fringed. Pod
thin, 5in. long, when ripe 1-1°5 in. Be (including posterior wing

-25—35 in. wide), finely wide-reticulated, distantly 3-5-seeded.
| ANDAMANS; very common near Port Blair, Prain! Man! King’s
Collector ! |

234,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 235

Sozaen. 2. Tuprcatyx Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 1081. Calya shallow-
ly cleft, the disc extending above the base, lower lobe shallow-cucullate.

5. Mezoneuron sumatranum W. & A. Prodr. I, 283. A large
climber, branches glabrous, armed with a few dark short recurved
prickles. Leaves 1-1°5 feet long, pinne 6-10, 8-12 in. long, leaflets 6-8,
alternate, rigidly subcoriaceous, obovate- oblong, ee te and apicu-
late, base rounded very slightly unequal, 1°5-2°5 in. long, 1 25-1°75 in.
wide, elabr ous On both surfaces, dark-green above, paler beneath, second-
ary veins rather prominently closely reticulate beneath ; petiolules ‘2 in.
long. Inflorescence a terminal or axillary panicle of simple or occa-
sionally branched racemes 1'5-2 feet long, with terete thick glabrous
maiu rachis, single racemes 5-6 in. long; pedicels close-set slender,
‘25 long, curved. Calyx quite g glabrous, leathery, anterior sepal orbicular
‘25 in. long, twice as large as the others, tube compressed ‘5 in. long.
Corolla °35 in. wide, *5 in. long, of 5 subequal petals, oblong, narrowed
to the base, the standard ada the other petals yellowish. Stamens
hardly exserted, declinate, glabrous, unequal. Ovary declinate stipitate
glabrous, 3—-4-ovuled, stigma glabrous. Pod thin, 3-4 in. long, 1°35 in.
wide (including posterior wing ‘25 in. wide), finely wide-reticulate,
distantly 3-4-seeded. Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 105 and I, 1081; Bak. in
Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 259. Ceesalpinia swmatrana Roxb. Hort. Beng. 32;
Flor. Ind. II, 356; Wall. Cat. 5831 A only.

Masacea; Griffith! Muaingay 534! Perak; Thaipeng, Scorlechini
67! Kwala, Scortechint 1766! Simpat, Ridley 3083! Dinpines ; Lumot,
Ridley § Curtis! Sincapore; near Krangi, Ridley 2105! 6026!

The great difference in the appearance of the calyx no doubt justifies Dr. Miquel’s
proposal to treat this plant as the type of a distinct subgenus of Mezoneuron.

eg Prexotosium R. Br.

Robust woody prickly climbers. Leaves abruptly bipinnate. Flowers
in panicled racemes. Calyx deeply cleft, with the disc near the base,
the lobes imbricated, the lowest longer and more hooded than the others.
Petals spreading, oblong and clawed equalling the calyx. Stamens 10,
free, declinate, little exserted ; anthers oblong versatile. Ovary sessile,
l-ovuled; style filiform, stigma small terminal. Pod indehiscent, sama-
roid with a large horny oblique terminal wing. Species 7; one African,
one Australian, two Chinese, three South-East Asiatic.

Racemes with thin angular glabrous rachis, laxly 20-30-

fid., pedicels longer than calyx... w. 1. P. macropterum.
Racemes with stout terete puberulous edahia, densely
_ 150-200-fid.; pedicels not longer them calyx... . 2. P. densiflorum.

1. Prerobosium Macroprerum Kurz, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLII,
2. 71. A large climber, young branches sparsely pubescent, all parts
235

236 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

sparingly armed with small prickles. Leaves 6-9 in. long; pinne 14-16, .

2-2°5 in long with puberulous rachis ; leaflets 14-20, elliptic-oblong, apex

rounded or obtuse, base unequal, abruptly rounded on upper, narrow-
cuneate on lower side, ‘45 in. long, ‘25 in. wide, chartaceous, dark-green
above, paler beneath, glabrous on both surfaces. Racemes lax, in spread-
ing terminal and axillary panicles with glabrous slender angular rachis
and branches, 8 in. long, 4 in. across, individual racemes 3—4 in. long,
20-50-fid.; pedicels glabrous slender spreading, ‘4—6 in. long. Calya
glabrous, thinly coriaceous, lowest sepal ‘25 in. long. Corolla white, *25
in. long. Pod 2°5-2°75 in. long, glabrous; seed-bearing base turgid
reticulate, ‘75 in. long, °5 in. wide, wing °7—8 in. wide, the upper margin
straight or slightly recurved thickened, the lower thim irregularly sinu-
ately convex, the apex rounded. Pterolobiwm lacerans Mig. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 106 not of R. Br., nor of Wall., nor of Wight. P. indicwm var.
macropterum Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 259.

ANDAMANS; very common. Dzusrris. JAvA; Burma.

This species is not so closely related to P. lacerans R. Br., with which Dr.
Miquel has identified it, as it is to P. indicum A. Rich. (P. lacerans Wall.; W. & A.;
Wight, Ic.) of which Mr. Baker treats it as a variety. P. macropterwm has how-
ever quite glabrous flower branches, very different leaflets, and fewer and smaller
prickles; while it agees with P. indicum in length of pedicels and in style of
inflorescence, it has very different pods with a much larger wing.

2. PTEROLOBIUM DENSIFLORUM Prain. A large climber, young
branches pubescent, all parts very strongly armed with large recurved
prickles. Leaves 4—8 in. long, pinne 8-16, 3 in. long, with puberulous
rachis; leaflets 14-16, rather narrow-oblong, apex obtuse or retuse, base
unequal abruptly: rounded on both sides, ‘6 in. long, *25 in wide, sub-
coriaceous, dark-green, glabrous on both surfaces. tacemes dense in
fastigiate terminal panicles with stout subterete puberulous rachis and
branches ; 15 feet long, 1 foot across, individual racemes 150-200-fid.,
6-8 in. long; pedicels puberulous slender spreading, ‘25 im. long. Calyx
sparsely puberulous, thinly coriaceous, lowest sepal -3in. long. Corolla
yellow, ‘3in. long. Ped 2 in. long, glabrous ; seed-bearing base turgid,
reticulate, ‘6 in. long, ‘5 in. wide, wing *5—"7 in. wide, the upper margin
straight thickened, the lower thin irregularly sinuately convex, the apex
narrowly rounded. P. microphyllum Kurz, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLII,
2, 71 not of Mig. P. tndicum VAR. microphyllum Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. II, 259 in part, and excl. the plant of Miquel.

Penane; Government Hill, 2500 feet, Curtis 30938! Matnacca ;
Maingay 535 !

Maingay’s plant here cited is the same as that of Curtis both as regards flowers
and frnits. The description of the leaflets is taken from the Penang plant, the
Malacca one at Calcutta having only bare rachises. The Malacca plant is the type

256

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 237

of P. microphyllwm Kurz; that it cannot possibly be the true P. microphyliwm Miq.
is obvious from the fact that Miquel’s plant has linear leaflets smaller than those of
his P. laeerans—which is the P. macropterwm of this work —arranged in from 20-
22 pairs on 14-16 pairs of pinne, whereas P. densiflorwm has oblong leaflets larger
than those of P. macropterum, arranged in from only 7-8 pairs on 4-8 pairs of pinne.
Mr. Kurz’s misidentification no doubt arose from the fact that he had not seen the
leaves of Maingay’s plant. In style of inflorescence P. densiflorum most resembles
the Chinese P. punctatwm Hemsl., but that plant has less dense and less numerously
flowered racemes, and has very different leaves.

Svporpver IIT. Mimuoszez.

Trees, shrubs or very rarely herbs. Leaves 2-pinnate, very rarely
simply pinnate. Flowers small, rarely elongated, tubular, sessile in
globose heads or cylindric spikes, rarely shortly pedicelled and in globose
umbels or slender racemes; bracts small narrow often dilated at the
tips, substrobilately imbricate in bud usually deciduous during flower-
ing; bracteoles very rare; perianth regular often in 5-merous, some-
times 4-merous, rarely 3-merous or 6-merous whorls. Sepals valvate

(except in Parkiezx), rarely free, usually connate in a 5-toothed to 5-lobed

tube, sometimes 0; disc-tube 0. Petals as many as sepals, valvate, free
or connate in a lobed tube, hypogynous or obscurely perigynous. Sta-
mens aS many, or twice or thrice as many, as petals, or indefinite, free
or monadelphous, or adnate to base of corolla tube, usually exserted ;
anthers small, versatile; dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary free at Vit
of calyx. Seeds usually ovate or orbiceular, compressed, with basilar
hilum ; rarely thick globose or ovoid ; testa hard, albumen 0, or scanty ;
cotyledons flat ; radicle straight, shortly exserted or included ; funiculus
often expanded in a small fleshy arillus.

Anthers gland-tipped ; (stamens 5-10) :—
Calyx-teeth short, imbricated (Parkiex); filaments usually
either connate or adnate at base; (inflorescence capitate ;
heads very large ; trees) cae tnt eos §6258. PARKIA,
Calyx valvate (Adenantherex) ; filaments free :—
Inflorescence elongated ; (species all woody) :—
Flowers sessile; great climbers with opposite leaflets
and huge pods and seeds ame .. 59, ENTADA,
Flowers short-stalked; trees with aieaniails leaflets
and narrow contorted pods :
Inflorescence capitate ; heads small :—
Small aquatic or subaquatic herbs with small thin
pods opening early by upper suture; seeds small ... 61. Neprounta.
Lofty trees with large thick woody pods, late in
dehiscing, opening by both sutures; seeds large ... 62. Xynra.
Anthers not gland-tipped ; (calyx valvate, rar ely 0) :—
Filaments free :—

Stamens definite, as many, or twice as many as petals

° 237

aia ... 60. ADENANTHERA,

238. Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

(Eumimosex); (inflorescence capitate in Malayan
species); shrubs or under-shrubs with thin coriaceous —

pods :—
Pods straight with continuous valves, dehiscing
through sutures ... fee .. 63, LEUCENA.
Pods slightly curved with usually spcameniet valves
and with always indehiscent persistent sutures ... 64. Mimosa.
Stamens indefinite often very numerous (Acaciex) ;
inflorescence spicate or capitate eee .. 66, ACACIA.

Filaments more or less connate (Ingex) ; (stamens raat
indefinite, rarely only 2—3-times as many as petals) :—
Pods (indehiscent) septate between the seeds :—
Flowers large; petals adnate below to the staminal
tube, otherwise free ; pod woody turgid, sutures not
thickened sas oa -. 66, SERIANTHES,
Flowers small; petals éannliie Pelosi in a tube; pod
spongy or fleshy hardly turgid, the sutures thickened 67. ENTEROLOBIUM.
Pods not septate between the seeds :—
Pods straight with thin valves :—
Sutures thickened; valves elastically revolutely

dehiscent from apex to base ... 68. CALLIANDRA.
Sutures thin, pods indehiscent or if aakiesnt the
dehiscence not elastic ua 69. ALBIZZIA.

Pods twisted with coriaceous faa: or if dvabae
straight (P. bubalinwm) with fleshy valves, (sutures
thin):..<. aa ses aa: ... %0. PITHECOLOBIUM.

58. Parka R. Br.

Tall, unarmed trees. Leaves bipinnate with usually very numerous
leaflets. Flowers in dense long-peduucled heads, each subtended by a
coriaceous persistent ligulate bract with a spoon-shaped tip. Calya
tubular, shortly 5-cleft, lobes imbricate. Corolla tubular, cleft half- -way
down, the segments subvalvate. Stamens 10, exserted, the filiform fila-
ments united in the lower part with each other and with the corolla-
tube; anthers narrow, gland-tipped, the pollen cohering in irregular
masses. Ovary stalked, many-ovuled; Style filiform, stigma minute
capitate. Pod large, flat, strap-shaped, coriaceous, finally dehiscing.
Species about 10, cosmopolitan in the tropics, mostly American.

Petioles with two glands; heads subspherical hers very

narrow, acute, in 60-100 pairs) go .. = 1. P, biglandulosa.
Petioles with one gland only ; heads beisisthiite < or ~oleeated —
Leaflets subfalcate, acute, in 40-80 pairs ath .- 2. P. Roxwburghii.
Leaflets straight, obtuse or retuse in 20-85 pairs -. 3& P. speciosa

1. Parxia BicgtanpuLosa W. & A. Prodr. 279. A lofty tree.
Leaves 2-pinnate, main-rachis downy 12-15 in. long ; pinne 20-40 pairs
subalternate, secondary rachises also downy about 3 in. long; leaflets

238

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 239

small straight narrow linear-ligulate close-set, 60-100 pairs, with obli-
quely truncate bases and acute apices, strongly 1-nerved, pubescent
along the margins, ‘2 in. long, ‘05 in. across, petiolar part of main rachis
1-1°5 in. long, with 2 collateral glands at the top of its swollen base, and
with 3-9 solitary glands between the bases of as many pairs of pinne to-
ward the apex of the rachis. F'lowers in dense subspherical heads 1-5 in. in
diam., peduncle 4-9 in. long. Calyx tubular, shortly 5-cleft, -3 in. long,
teeth pilose, elsewhere glabrous. Corolla tubular, segments subvalvate.
Stamens 10, exserted, the filaments connate below and adnate at base to
corolla tube; anthers narrow. Pod (including stipe 2 in. long) 14-15
in. long, 1°5 in. wide, °35 in. thick, black, at first downy, ultimately quite
glabrous. Seeds 10-12, oval, °75 in. long, °5 in. wide, 25 in. thick, dark-
brown, smooth with a central ovate-lanceolate pale-brown rugose area.
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II. 289. Mimosa pedunculata Roxb. Fl. Ind. II,
dol.
Matay Pentnsvuta; fide Baker.

Mr. Baker says that this comes from the Malay Peninsula, and on his authority
the statement is here repeated. No botanist has, however, hitherto sent it from the
Malay Peninsula; the locality given by Roxburgh isnot Malaya, but “the islands
to the, eastward of the Bay of Bengal; ” by this Roxburgh indicates the Andamans and
Nicobars. Still, no one has gathered it there in recent years, and the precise habitat
must for the present be left doubtful. The specimens at Calcutta are (1) Wight’s
n. 559, the type of the species, cult. in the Missionary Garden; (2) Specimens from
Madras Agri.-Hort. Society’s Garden collected by Dr. Cleghorn; (3) Specimens of
Roxburgh’s plant from the Calcutta Botanic Garden where the tree still grows—
these last are exactly like Wight n. 559 and show that the doubts expressed by
‘Wight and Arnott as to the indentity of their plant with Roxbugh’s Mimosa pedun- —
culata are unfounded; (4) Specimens, no doubt from cultivated examples, sent |
from Assam by Masters and by Jenkins. This is the only Parkia at all generally
cultivated in Bengal; the next species, which is also grown, is comparatively
uncommon.

P. biglandulosa should then be carefully looked for in the Nicobars and Anda-
mans, and particularly in N. Andaman; it is highly improbable that it will be

found, in a wild state, either in Indo-China or in Malaya.

2. Parkts Roxsurcu G. Don, Gen. Syst. II, 397. An erect tree
40-60 feet high, stem about 2 feet in diam., young branches pubescent,
Leaves 2-pinnate, main-rachis puberulous or glabrescent, 12~24 in. long ;
pinnz 20-30 pairs, opposite; secondary rachises glabrescent 3-6 in.

long; leaflets small, faleately curved forwards, linear-lanceolate, close-

set, 40-80 pairs, subequally truncate at base, apex acute, strongly 1-
nerved, puberulous along the margins, ‘3 in. long, ‘1 in. wide, petiolar
part of main-rachis 2-3 in. long with 1 solitary gland below the lower
pair of pinne and with 3-5 solitary glands between the bases of as
many pairs of pinns towards apex of rachis, lowers in dense turbi-

239

240 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

nate heads, 1:5 in. long, 1 in. in diam., peduncle 10-16 in. long. Calyx
tubular, shortly 5-cleft, ‘25 in. long, teeth pilose, elsewhere glabrous.
Corolla tubular, pale-yellow, segments subvalvate. Stamens 10, exserted,
the filaments connate below and adnate to corolla-tube ; anthers narrow,
Pod (including stipe 3-7 in, long) 15-20 in. long, 1°5 in. wide, ‘3 in.
thick, black, glabrous. Seeds 12-20, oval, °5 in. long, ‘35 in. wide, *2
in. thick, dark-brown and smooth throughout. Bak. Flor. Brit. Ind.
II, 289. P. Brunonis Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5288. P. africana Mig. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, 52 not of R. Br. P. biglobosa Benth. in Hook. Journ. IV,
328 ; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 283; Koord. & Val. Bijdr. I, 276. P.
intermedia Hassk. Cat. Hort. Bog. 289; Pl. Jav. Rar. 414. Mimosa
biglobosa Roxb. Flor. Brit. Ind. I, 551 not of Jacq.

SINGAPORE ; cultivated, Ridley 6928! Matacca; Panchor, Goodenough
1748! Drsrrrs. Wild in Silhet, Cachar and Chittagong; cultivated
sparingly in Indo-China and Malaya.

Mr. Goodenough gives the native name as “ Kada-ong ;” the seeds, he notes,
are used as peppermint. This species is said by Koorders and Valeton to be wild
in Java; the species cultivated by the Javanese is not, however, the present one,
but the next, P. speciosa Hassk. And it should be noted besides that the wild tree
in Java is not exactly the tree that is wild in Silhet, Cachar and Chittagong but is the
form that Hasskarl proposed to treat as a distinct species under the name P. inter-
media. Mr. Ridley’s specimens, from the Singapore Gardens, are precisely like -
those from Cachar and Chittagong (true P. Roxburghii) ; Mr. Goodenough’s, on the
other had, are absolutely identical with those from Java (true P. intermedia).
Before definitely deciding that P. intermedia and P. Roxhurghit are the same
species, the writer wonld wish to study the former in the living state ; it is often
a rash thing to reduce to another, from herbarium material alone, species founded
by so competent a botanist as Hasskarl; so far as our Calcutta specimens go, the

evidence is altogether in favour of these two trees being quite distinct.,

3. Parra speciosa Hassk. Flora XXV. Beibl. 55./ A large tree
with spreading branches, 80-100 feet high, stem 2-3 feet in diam., young
branches glabrescent. Leaves 2-pinnate, main-rachis pubescent, 8-10 in.
long; pinne 10-16 pairs, subalternate, secondary rachises puberulous, 3
in. long; leaflets small almost straight, linear, close-set, 20-35 pairs, sub-
equally truncate at base, obtuse or retuse at apex, 25 in. long, ‘1 in wide,
with strong median and 3-4 pairs of distinct secondary nerves beneath,
margins with only a few scattered hairs; petiolar part of main-rachis
1-15 in. long, with 1 solitary gland midway between base and lowest
pair of leaflets and with 2-6 solitary glands between the bases of as
many pairs of pinne towards apex of rachis. Flowers in dense narrowly
clavate heads, 2 in. long, *75 in. in diam., peduncles slender 16-20 in.
long. Calyx tubniar, shortly 5-cleft, ‘25 in. long, teeth pilose, elsewhere
glabrous. Corolla tubular, white, segments subvalvate. Stamens 10,.

exserted, the filaments connate below and adnate to corolla-tube ; anthers
240

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 241

narrow. Pod (including stalk 2-5 in. long) 18-20 in. long, 2-2°5 in.
wide, ‘3 in. thick, black, glabrous. Seeds 12-18, oblong-oval, ‘9 in. long,
‘6 in. wide, ‘25 in. thick, dark-brown and smooth throughout. Hassk.
Cat. Hort. Bog. 289; Pl. Jav. Rar. 414; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 53. P.
macrocarpa Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 284. Acacia graveolens Jack,
Mal. Misc. II, 78.. The Prete or PetHex.

Penana; on the coast, cultivated, Curtis! Prov. Wetiesney;
Kunstler 1657! Perak; Thaiping, Scortechini 504! Larut, in dense jungle
from 500-2000 feet elev., local, Kunstler 5500! Disrris. Sumatra;
Java, (cult. Hasskarl !).

It would appear that this is the only species of Parkia truly wild in our area.
It has been identified by Father Scortechini with P. macrocarpa Miq., from
Sumatra, of which there is no authentic specimen at Calcutta; it certainly accords
admirably with Miquel’s description. There is at Calcutta an authentic example
of Hasskarl’s P. speciosa; it proves that the present species is no other than
Hasskarl’s plant, and as Hasskarl’s name has nearly twenty years’ priority it is here
adopted. In the Index Kewensis it is suggested that both P. intermedia and P.
speciosa may be forms of P. Rowburghit. To judge by Hasskarl’s description this
may be true of P. intermedia; as regards P. speciosa the suggestion is obviously
an impossible one.

While however, Hasskarl’s name P. speciosa is long anterior to Miquel’s, it does
not conserve the oldest specific name. ‘This tree is, as Hasskarl expressly admits,
(Neuer Schluess. 50) the Pete of Rumphius (Herb. Amb. III, 51); it is equally the
Petek of Jack, to which Jack has given the name Acacia graveolens. The writer
does not propose, in the modern manner, to suggest that P. speciosa should there-
fore be known as Parkia graveolens, though doubtless there are those who will seize
the opportunity of applying this name and of posing as authorities for the species.

It is strange that though evidently wild so near as in Sumatra and in the Malay
Peninsula, this species is only cultivated in Java, and that there, according to
Koorders and Valeton, its native country is unknown. These authors indeed
(Bijdr. I, 268) suggest that it is a native of British India. It certainly is not a
native of India proper; it is not even cultivated there. Our Indian species are,
P. Roxburghii (P. biglobosa), wild in Silhet, Cachar and Chittagong; P. leiophylla,
wild in Pegu; and P. insignis, wild in Martaban. We in India also experience a
difficulty like that experienced by our Dutch colleagues, since there is a..species »P.
biglandulosa, cultivated. in India from Madras to Assam, of whose natural habitat

we are somewhat uncertain.

59. -Entapa Adans.

Woody unarmed climbers, with tendrils. Leaves bipinnate. Flowers
in long narrow spikes, minute, yellowish, polygamous. Calyx minute,
campanulate, equally 5-toothed. . Corolla oblong in bud, the 5 long
equal narrow lobes falcate in expansion. Stamens 10, free, shortly
exserted, filaments filiform; anthers crowned with a gland, Ovary
subsessile, many-ovuled; style filiform, stigma concave terminal, Pod
flat, woody, very large, moreBORES of many discoid one-seeded joints,

24]

242 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan. Peninsula.

the endocarp persisting round the large compressed orbicular seeds.
Species 10, the others Trop. African and American.

Envrapa SCANDENS Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. IV. 332. A very
large slender creeper; branches woody terete glabrous. Leaves with
petiole 2-4 in. long, the rachis as long or longer ending usually ina
tendril ; pinne usually 4 with stalks 15-25 in. long, leaflets oblong or
obovate, obtuse or acute, 1-2 in. long, *6-1:25 in. wide, glabrous, dark-
green, rigidly coriaceous, shining above; petiolules ‘1 in. Inflorescence
of peduncled spikes, 6-10 in. long, usually panicled from the nodes of
old leafless branches, sometimes simple from the axils of the leaves.
Flowers ‘1-15 in. long, sessile or very shortly pedicellate. Calyx green,
5-toothed, teeth valvate. Corolla yellow. Pod 1-3 feet long, 3-4 in.
wide, 1°5 in. thick, slightly curved, sutures very thick indented between
_ seeds, valves woody depressed sublineate between the seeds, with a
tendency to segmentation. Seeds 5-10, oblong, somewhat flattened, 2
in. long, 2°25 in. wide, 1°25 in. thick, testa very dark-brown, thick tough
polished, slightly oily. Brand. For. Flor, 167; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind.
II, 287. H. Pursetha DC. Prodr. II, 425; Wall. Cat, 5294; W.& A.
Prodr. 267 ; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 45; Scheff. in Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind.
XXXII. 412 t. 16, t. I8A. HB. monostachya DC. Prodr. IH, 425; Wall.
Cat. 5293. EH. Rheedet Spreng. Syst. IT, 325. EH. Parrana Spreng.
Syst. II, 325. H. Rumphit Scheff. Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind. XXXII, 412
t. 17, t. 18B. Mimosa scandens Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. II. 1501; Roxb. Flor.
Ind. 54, Rumph. Herb. Amboin. V. 5. t. 4; Rheede, Hort. Malab,
Vild32; 33,3455 TR pt il.

ANDAMANS; very common on the coasts. Nicopars: Kurz! Coco
Groupe; Prain! Narconpam ; Prain! Punana; Porter (Wall. Cat. 5293) !
Curtts 115! Manacca; Hervey! -Derry! Perak; Scortechint 769!
Kunstler 1018! 6228! Wray 1676! 1715! 2866! Disrris. Tropics
generally.

Rather variable as to number and size of leaflets; both the forms figured by
Scheffer occur in our area. That which he terms EZ. Rumphii is much the commoner

in the Malay Peninsula: from the Andamans and Nicobars only the form
E. Pursetha is reported. .

60. ADENANTHERA Linn.

Erect trees without spines or tendrils. Leaves ample, bipinnate.
Flowers minute, in narrow spike-like racemes, hermaphrodite, usually
pentamerous. Calyx campanulate, equally toothed. Petals valvyate,
equal, lanceolate, cohering only at the very base. Stamens 10, free,
equalling the corolla; anthers tipped with a gland. Ovary sessile,
many-ovuled ; style filiform, stigma minute capitate. Pod strap-shaped,

torulose, faleate, the coriaceous valves much twisted after they separate.
242

evens

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 243

‘Seeds small, bright-coloured. Species 4, spread through tropics of Old

World.
Leaflets obtuse glabrous beneath ; pinnz 8-12 ous wv. 1. A. pavonina.
Leafiets acute puberulous beneath ; pinnze 6-8 sat a0 2.) As OtCGLOrs

1. ADENANTHERA PAVONINA Linn. Sp. Pl. 384. A small unarmed
tree 20-50 feet high. Leaves with a petiole 2-4 in. long, rachis
prolonged 6-10 in. not produced beyond last pair of pinne ; pinne 8-12
opposite, 3-6 in. long with stalk ‘5-75 in. long; leaflets alternate 10-16,
ovate or oblong, base wide-cuneate, apex obtuse, papery, ‘5-1°5 in. long,
‘3-75 in. wide, dark-green above, pale glaucous beneath, glabrous on
both surfaces; petiolule ‘15 in. long. Inflorescence of narrow short-
peduncled racemes 2-6 in. long, axillary or. panicled at the ends of
branches. Jlowers small, ‘15 in. long, on slender pedicels also *15 in.
long. Calyx green, lobes very small. Corolla pale-yellow, the petals —
equal, valvate, narrow-lanceolate, free except at the base, glabrous.
Stamens 10, free, hardly exserted, anthers tipped by a gland. Pod flat,
6-9 in. long, “6 in. wide, °3 in. thick, contorted when ripe. Seeds 10-15,
lenticular, ‘35 in. in diam., °25 in. thick, with a smooth, shining, usually
uniformly red testa. DC. Prodr. II, 446; Roxb. Flor. Ind, II, 370;
Wall, Cat. 5800; W. & A. Prodr. 271; Wight, Ill. t. 80; Bedd. FI.
Sylvat. t. 46; Miq. Flor. Ind, Bat. I, 46; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I,
287.

ANDAMANS ; very common. Perak; Thaiping, Scortechint 80 ! Inatang
Jambu, Wray 2515! Kenan; Langkawi, Curtis! Tonaxan ; Curtis’
Collector 3091! Matacca ; Grifith ! Distris. Widespread in South-Eastern
Asia.

2. ADENANTHERA BICOLOR Moon, Cat. Pl. Cey]. 34. Asmall slender
unarmed tree 20-30 feet high. Leaves with a petiole 1°5-2°5 in. long,
rachis prolonged 3-5 in., not produced beyond last pair of pinne ;
pinne 6-8 opposite, 2°5—4 in. long with stalk ‘3 in. long; leaflets alter-
nate 8-10, ovate or elliptic, base rounded, apex acute, rigidly subcoria-
ceous, *75-1°5 in. long, ‘5-75 in. wide, bright-green glabrous above, pale-
glaucous adpressed-puberulous beneath; petiolule ‘15 in. long. In-
florescence of narrow short-peduncled racemes 3-5 in. long, axillary or
panicled at the ends of branches. Flowers small, *15 in. long, on slender
pedicels also 15 in. long. Calyx green, lobes very small. Corolla white,
the petals equal, valvate, elliptic-lanceolate, free except at the very base,
glabrous. Stamens 10, free, distinctly shortly exserted, anthers tipped
by a stipitate gland. Ovary glabrous reddish. Pod flat, 4-6 in. long,
*6 in. wide, ‘3 in. thick, contorted when ripe. Seeds 8-10, lenticular,
‘35 in. in diam., ‘25 in. thick, with a smooth shining red, or black and
red testa. Thwaites Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 98; Bedd. Flor. Sylvat. 94; Bak.

in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 287.
243

24.4 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Penana; Waterfall, Curtis 2840! King! Prrax; Larut, Kunstler
3991! Scortechint 197! 1849! Assam Kumbong Wray 2124! Pankore;
Scortechini 1073! Srxcarore; Bukit Timah, Hallett 880! Bukit Mandai,
Ridley 3636 A! Matacca; Miller! Griffith! Maingay 591! Derry 522!

The seeds are not always black and red but are sometimes concolorous red just
as is usual in A. pavonina. The nearest ally of this species is one obtained in
Borneo by Mr. Hullett. This Mr. Hullett notes as “a good-sized tree,” from
Sarawak (Hullett 292); Mr. Brace in the Calcutta Herbarium has named it A. borne-
ensis Brace. The diagnosis between the two species may be given as follows :—

Pinne 3-4 pairs; leaflets 8-10, acute at apex, always under
2 in. long, 15 times as long as broad, pale-green above,
glaucous and puberulous beneath; flowers not longer than
pedicels obe y* oT a ;

Pinnz 2 pairs; leaflets 4-5, acuminate at apex, usually over
2 in. long, twice as long as broad, dark-green above, glabrous
and not glaucous beneath ; flowers twice as long as pedicels... 2. A, borneensis.

The flowers of A. borneensis are considerably larger than those of A. bicolor.

Dr. Griffith has noted that the Malay name of A. bicolor in Malacca is “ Bunah
Saga;’? Mr. Derry gives it as “ Saga.”

1. A. bicolor.

61. Neprunra Lour.

Herbs without prickles. Leaves bipinnate, with persistent stipules
and numerous small strap-shaped sensitive membranous leaflets. Flowers
minute, dimorphous, in dense heads on axillary peduncles, polygamous,
those of the lower part of the head bearing only protruded flattened
staminodia. Calyz minute, campanulate, 5-toothed. Petals 5, strap-
shaped, connate near the base. Stamens of the perfect flowers exserted ;
anthers gland-crested. Ovary stalked, many-ovuled; style filiform,
stigma club-shaped. Pod coriaceous, flattened, ligulate or oblong, 2-
valved. Species 8; cosmopolitan in the tropics.

NEPTUNIA OLERACEA Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 654. An anarmed herb
with annual wide-creeping softish swollen stems, rarely emitting sub-
erect branches, rooting copiously at the leaf and flower-bearing nodes.
Leaves 2-pinnate, rachis (including petiole 1°5 in.) 25-3 in. long,
glabrous ; pinne 4-6, 2-3 in. long, with stalk *3 in. long; leaflets 8-15-
jugate, narrow-oblong, obtuse, glabrous, “35-"5 in. loug, ‘2 in. wide.
Peduncles ascending 3-12 in. long, glabrous; flowers minute, in dense
heads *5—'75 in. long, °5 in. across, the lower replaced by numerous
ligulate yellow staminodes *25—3 in. long, bracts small ovate subobtuse.
Corolla °05 in. long. Pod oblong, oblique, *5-1l in, long, °35 in. wide,
beaked, dry, dehiscing early by the upper suture. Seeds 6-9, transverse,
narrow-oval, somewhat pointed towards hilum, obtuse at opposite end,
‘2 in. long, ‘12 in. wide, ‘1 in. thick, testa brown, polished. Benth. in
Hook. Journ. LV, 354; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 50; Bak. in, Flor. Brit. Ind.

24.4

*

4
as

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 245

II, 285, Mimosa natans Roxb. Cor. Pl. t. 119; Hort. Beng. 40; FI.
Ind. 553. Desmanthus natans Willd. Sp. P]. IV, 1044; DC. Prodr. II,
444; Wall. Cat. 5295; W. & A. Prodr. 270. D. lacustris DC. Prodr.
II, 444. D. stolonifer DC. Prodr. II, 444.

Penang; Bagian Jumal, Curtis! Prov. WeLurstey; Butterworth,
King!
! | 62. Xyura Benth.

Tall unarmed tree. Leaves bipinnate. Flowers in round heads,
mostly perfect. Calyx tubular, 5-toothed at the tip. Petals 5, valvate,
slightly united at the base, little longer than the calyx. Stamens 10,
free, exserted ; anthers gland-crested in an early stage. Ovary sessile,
many-ovuled ; style filiform, stigma minute terminal. Pod large, woody,
oblong-falcate, finally dehiscing, flat, septate between the oblong com-
pressed seeds.— A single species. |

XYLIA DOLABRIFORMIS Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. IV, 417. A
tree 80-100 feet high, unarmed. Leaves 2-pinnate ; pinne two, terminal
on a rachis or petiole 1-2 in. long; leaflets 2-4 pairs, diminishing
downward and with below the last pair on the outside a small unop-
posed leaflet; rachis of pinne 3-4 in. long with a gland on the upper
side between the bases of each pair of leaflets; terminal leaflets 3-6
in. long, 1°25-2'5 in. wide, lowest pair 1°25-1°5 in. long; all oblong
with acute apex and rounded base, subcoriaceous, glabrous on both
surfaces; petiolule ‘1 in. long. Inflorescence of very dense globose heads
*5—75 in. in diam. ; peduncles puberulous 3 in. long, slender, thickening
in fruit, crowded on short puberulous branchlets developed with the
young leaves. Calyx tubular ‘2 im. long; teeth 5, valvate. Corolla
cream-coloured, ‘25 in. long, petals slightly cuneate at base, valvate,
lanceolate. Stamens 10, filaments free, exserted, ‘5 in. long, young
anthers very minutely gland-crested. Ovary sessile, many-ovuled.
Pods large woody, oblong-falcate, flat, ultimately dehiscent, 4-6 in. long,
1-2°5 in. wide, ‘35 in. thick, septate between the seeds. Seeds 6-10,
broadly ovate, much compressed, ‘65 in. long, ‘5 in. wide, ‘J in. thick ;
testa brown, shining, smooth. Bedd. Fl. Sylvat. t. 186; Miq. Flor, Ind.
Bat. I, 42; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 286. Mimosa zylocarpa Roxb.
Cor. Pl. t. 100; Hort. Beng. 40; Fl. Ind. II, 543. Inga xylocarpa DC.
Prodr. II, 489; Wall. Cat. 5277; W. & A. Prodr. 269. J. lignosa Grah.
in Wall. Cat. 5278. I. dolabriformis Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5279.

Suycapore ; Wallich 5279. Disrris. India, Indo-China, Philippines.

:63iedunvoxna Benths.:

Unarmed erect trees. Leaves bipinnate. Flowers sessile, in dense
globose heads, 5-merous, usually perfect. Oalyz cylindrical-eampanulate

246 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

shortly-toothed. Petals valvate, free. Stamens 10, free, much exserted;
anthers not gland-crested. Ovary stalked, many-ovuled ; style filiform.
stigma minute terminal. Pod flat, coriaceous, strap-shaped, dehiscent,
Species 8, mostly American,

Leuczna GLAuca Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. IV, 416. A low erect
tree or large shrub, 6-20 feet high, without spines. Leaves 2-pinnate
4-6 in. long, petiole about 2-3 in.; pinnee 4—8-jugate, 2-3 in. long, stalk
‘35 in. long; leaflets 10-15 pairs, linear-oblong, apex acute, base slightly
obliquely cuneate, glaucous, membranous, caducous, finely downy, “45 in.
long, "1-15 in. wide. Inflorescence of very dense globose heads, *5—"75 in.
in diam. ; peduncles often geminate 1-1-25 in. long, slender, in fruit often
about 2 in. long and slightly thickened. Flowers 5-merous, usually all
perfect. Calyx cylindric-campanulate, teeth short valvate. Corolla white,
‘15 in. long, petals free, valvate. Stamens 10, exserted,*25 in. long, anthers
without glands. Ovary stalked, many-ovuled, softly sparsely pubescent;
style filiform, stigma small terminal. Pod straight, flat, coriaceous,
ligulate, dehiscent; 5-6 in. long, *4—'5 in. wide; stalk *25-"5 in. long.
Seeds 15-20, transverse, narrow-ovate, compressed, apex obtuse, base
cuneate, °3 in. long, ‘15 in. wide, under ‘] in. thick, testa brown, shining.
Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 41; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. Il, 290. Acacia
frondosa Willd. Sp. Pl. TV, 1076; DC. Prodr. II, 468; W. & A. Prodr.
276. <A. glauca Willd. Sp. Pl. IV, 1075; DC. Prodr. II, 467. A, biceps
Willd. Sp. Pl. IV, 1075; DC. Prodr. II, 467. A, leucocephala Link.
Enum. II, 444; DC. Prodr. II, 467.

KEDAH; in open jungle, Kunstler 1703! Perak; Lime-stone Hill,
Gapis, Scortechint 912! Senancor; on hilly ground, Kunstler 1130!
Panane; Pulo Tawai, Ridley 2642! Penanc; Water-fall, etc. Curtis
49! Srinearore; Maingay 583! Disrris. Now cosmopolitan in the
tropics but probably originally American.

64. Mimosa Linn.

Shrubs or herbs, with or without prickles. Leaves (in the Malayan
species) bipinnate ;. leaflets small, sensitive, ligulate, caducous. Jlowers
minute, in dense globose heads, polygamous, (in the Indian species) most-
ly tetramerous. Calyx campanulate, shortly toothed. Petals connate
towards the base. Stamens as many as, or twice the number of, the
petals, much exserted, filaments filiform, free; anthers not eland-crested.
Ovary stalked, many-ovuled ; style filiform, stigma minuteterminal, Pod
flat, membranous, made up of 1-seeded joints that separate, when mature,
from the sutures. Species 230, mostly confined to Trop. America.

Stamens 4; rachis of leaf bristly, stem bristly and prickly,
leaves digitately divided, sutures of pod prickly ms - 1, ML. pudica, -
246

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 24:7:

Stamens 8-10; rachis of leaf smooth, stem prickly not bristly,
leaves pinnately divided, sutures of pod not prickly ... «. 2. M. sepiaria.

1. Mimosa puprcaA Linn. Sp. Pl. 518. <A diffusely spreading
undershrub rarely over 2 feet high, with stems and branchlets sparsely
prickly and copiously beset with deflexed bristles. Leaves very sensitive,
with usually 4 digitate pinne, sessile at the end of a petiole 2 in. or
more long, beset with spreading bristles; stipules lanceolate °35 in.
long, striate, subscarious, with margins beset with spreading bristles ;
pinne 2°5-3'5 in. long, the rachis beset with ascending bristles; leaflets
12-20 pairs, glabrous above, sparsely adpressed-bristly beneath, sub-
coriaceous, narrow-oblong, obliquely acute at apex of upper angle,
obliquely rounded at lower side of sub-5-nerved base, main-nerve branch-
ing slightly upwards, ‘35 in. long, ‘15 in. wide; sessile. Injlorescence
capitate, the heads usually in pairs from axils all along the branches,
30 In. in diam.; peduncles very slender ‘75-1 in. long, beset with spread-
ing prickles. Calyx campanulate, teeth short valvate. Corolla pink, ‘1
in. long, petals connate below valvate above. Stamens 4, much exserted,
filaments *3 in. long, filiform, free, anthers without glands. Ovary
stalked ; style filiform, stigma very small terminal. Pods flat, slightly
recurved, membranous, ‘6-1 in. long, ‘2 in. across, made up of 3-5 1-seed-
ed joints that fall away when mature from the persistent armed sutures,
which are clothed with weak spreading yellowish-white bristles ‘15-2
in. long. DC. Prodr. -II, 426; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 41; Wall. Cat. 5292;
Roxb. Flor. Ind. IT, 564; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 48; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. II, 291. The Sensitive Pranr.

ANDAMANS; extremely common throughout the settlement. Prnane;
overspreading the whole coast-line, Curtis 1237! Stnaaporg; 7. Anderson
32! Maingay 584! Distri. Throughout §.-E. Asia, probably ori-
ginally introduced from America.

This, having been introduced into the settlement at Port Blairin the Andamans,
has there spread so much as to have become extremely troublesome ; a large
labour force has to be constantly told off to try and keep it in check; its complete
eradication is apparently hopeless.

2, Mimosa seprarra Benth, in Hook. Journ. Bot. IV, 395. A
woody shrub with puberulous branchlets soon glabrescent, sparingly
armed with strong compressed slightly recurved prickles. Leaves 2-
pinnate, rachis slightly downy 2 in, long (the petiolar part °75 in long) ;
pinne 6-8-jugate, 1°5 in. long, subsessile, upper side pubescent ; leaflets
12-20-jugate, rigidly coriaceous, narrow-ligulate, caducous, ‘25-35 in.
long, ‘1—J5 in. wide, subacute at apex, obliquely truncate at lower side
of sub-5-nerved sessile base, main-nerve branching considerably up--
wards. Inflorescence capitate, the heads ‘25 in. in diam., arranged in
247

248 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

ample patent terminal panicles with puberulous main-rachis and com-
pound puberulous lower branches ; the whole 6-8 in. long, 4—6 in. wide,
peduncles of individual heads ‘5-75 in. long. Calyx campanulate,
teeth short, valvate. Corolla ‘05 in. long. Stamens 8-10, filaments free,
‘lin. long. Ovary stalked ; style filiform, stigma small terminal. Pod
with a slender stalk ‘2 in. long, flat, almost straight, membranous, 1°5—2
in. long, ‘25 in. wide, made up of 6-8 glossy, finely reticulated 1-seeded
joints that fall away when mature from the persistent unarmed sutures.
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 291. M. nigrescens Maingay MSS.

Sincapore; Maingay 582! Anderson 34! Kurz! King! DistrRis.
Occurs also in China and in Borneo, but no doubt is an introduction
from America; it is only found near clearings.

65. Acacia Willd.

Spinose or prickly shrubs or trees, erect or climbing. Leaves
bipinnate, with minute leaflets. Flowers in globose heads or cylindrical
spikes, hermaphrodite or polygamous, usually pentamerous. Calyx
campanulate or funnel-shaped, shortly toothed. Petals exserted, united -
in the lower half. Stamens free, indefinite, much exserted; anthers
minute, not gland-crested. Ovary stalked or sessile, many-ovuled; style
filiform, stigma minute capitate, Pod ligulate or oblong, not jointed,
usually compressed and dry, dehiscent or indehiscent, rarely turgid or
subcylindrical, sutures straight or wavy, not thickened. Species 430 ;
the leafy groups cosmopolitan in the tropics, the great phyllodineous
series, which comprises two-thirds of the genus, almost restricted to
Australia. None of the species with spicate inflorescence occur within
our area. .

Erect shrubs or small trees, with stipular spines, bracteate
pedicels and cylindric pods = «. 1. A. Farnesiana,
Climbing shrubs, with non-spinescent siialen, and with
prickly branches ; pedicels naked ; pods flat :—
Flower heads ‘4 in. across ; leaflets narrow oblong .. 2. A. pseudo-Intsia.
Flower heads ‘2 in. across ; leaflets linear ... .. 3 A. pennata.

1. Acacia Farnestana Willd. Sp. Pl. IV, 1083. A shrub or low
tree with slender zig-zag branches marked with grey dots. Leaves
2-pinnate ; rachis downy 1-1°5 in, long with a minute petiolar gland ;
pinne 8-16, 1-1'5 in. long; leaflets 10-20 pairs, green, subglabrous,
rigidly coriaceous, linear-oblong, ‘25 in. long, ‘05 in. wide; stipules
spinescent seldom over ‘25—'35 in. long on the branchlets, persisting and
on old branches sometimes over 1 in. long, polished, white, straight.
Flowers in rounded heads °35 in. in diam., fragrant, bright yellow ; pedun-
cles crowded on axillary nodes, slender, puberulous, *75-1 in. long, with
a ring of small bracts at or near the apex. Calyx campanulate, minute.

248

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. “249

Corolla ‘05 in, long, teeth short obtuse. Pod thick cylindric glabrous,
2-3 in. long, ‘5 in. thick, dull-brown marked with fine horizontal striz ;
mesocarp pulpy enclosing the biseriate seeds. Seeds 12-18, ovate, *3 in.

long, 2 in. wide, ‘15 in. thick, smooth, dull-brown with faint lateral

areola. DC. Prodr. II, 461; Wall. Cat. 5264 A—F; Bedd. Flor.
Sylvat. t. 52; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 7; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II,
292. Mimosa Farnesiana Linn. Sp. Pl. 521; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 40;
Flor. Ind. Il, 557. Vachellia Farnesiuna W: & A. Prodr. 272; Wight,
Te. t. 300. Acacia indica Desv. Journ. Bot. I, 69; DC. Prodr. II, 462.

Farnesia odora Gaspar. Desc. Nuov. Gen. Legum. (1838) with plate.

Planted in some of the provinces:—ANpDAMANS; Kurz! Penance;
Porter (Wall. Cat. 5264F)! Panana; Katapong, Ridley 1246! Disrris.
Cosmopolitan (perhaps usually planted) in the tropics.

2. Acacia pseupo-Inrs1a Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 12. A large
scandent shrub 12-20 feet high, the branches and branchlets armed
with many small sharp recurved glossy dark-coloured prickles ; young
branches blackish, puberulous or‘glabrescent. Leaves 2-pinnate, rachis
8 in. long, puberulous or glabrescent, strongly armed with recurved
prickles beneath, petiolar portion 2°5 in. long with a large projecting
gland close to base on its upper surface; pinne 8-]2-pairs, 2°5-3°5 in.
long, the upper 2-4 pairs with glands between their bases; leaflets
30-25 pairs, sessile, linear-oblong, obtuse, *4 in. long, °15 in. wide, rigidly
subcoriaceous, glabrous above, adpressed-puberulous or glabrous be-
neath. Flowers in rounded heads, ‘4 in. in diam., yellow, peduncles
‘5—75 in. long, slender, puberulous, naked, in clusters of 2—4, rarely
solitary along a panicle extending 10-12 in. beyond the leaves; bracts
large, ovate-acute or acuminate, ‘2-25 in. long. Calyx puberulous, ‘07
in. long. Corolla‘1in. long. Pod not seen.

Var. typica; bracts puberulous, pedicels ‘5 in. es leaflets ad-
pressed-puberulous beneath.

Singapore; Changhi, Hulleté 835 ! Ridley 3631! Bukit Times
Ridley 6177! isan Sumatra, Java.

Var. ambigua Prain; bracts glabrous, aedeeis ‘75 in. long, leaflets _
quite glabrous beneath. .
_ ANDAMANS; very common, King’s Collectors !

In externals the Singapore plant much resembles A. caesia W. & A., the Anda-
mans one at the same time resembling 4. Intsia Willd. except in having the
leaflets crowded. Closer examination shows, however, that the natural alliance of
the species is rather with the group of forms aggregated under the name A. pennata ;
the large bracts, in particular, make all further comparison with the group to which
A. Intsia belongs an impossiblity.

Its nearest ally is a species from Northern Indo-China described by Kurk
under the name A. pruinescens from which this differs in having broader leaflets, in

249

250 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

haying no bloom on the young branches, and particularly in having the large
petiolar gland very near the base of the petiole; the corresponding gland in
A. pruinescens is about an inch above the base. The two species A. psewdo-Intsia
and A, pruwmescens taken together form a group that is almost exactly intermediate
between the A. Intsia and the A. pennata groups.

3. Acacia Pennata Willd.; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 297. A
large scandent bush or strong creeper, sometimes extending for 50-60
feet, branches and branchlets armed with many small sharp slightly
recurved glossy brown or blackish prickles, young twigs faintly pubescent
or glabrous. Leaves 2-pinnate; the rachis 6 in. long, glabrous or
puberulous, prickly beneath or unarmed, petiolar portion 75-1 in. long
with a projecting large or small gland ‘45 in. above the base; pinne
20-40 pairs, 1-25-2 in. long, the upper pairs with glands between their
bases ; leaflets 35-40 pairs, sessile, linear, ‘2-35 in. long, under ‘00 in.
wide, firm, glabrous. lowers in rounded heads ‘2 in. in diam., white or
pale-yellow, peduncles ‘5-7 in. long, slender, puberulous, naked, in
clusters of from 4-8 along a panicle extending 12-15 in. beyond the
leaves ; bracts small linear, ‘1 in. long. Calyx. glabrous, *0d in. long,
-campanulate, Corolla ‘07 in. long. Pod linear-oblong, acute or acumi-
nate at both ends, 4-6 in. long, ‘75-1 in. wide, flat, very thin, with a
stalk under ‘2 in. long, the sutures slightly thickened. Seeds flat, ovate,
‘4 in. long, ‘2 in. wide, under ‘1 in. thick, faintly areolate, dull-brown,
smooth.

Var. arrophula Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. Ind. 1]. 298; leaf-rachis
almost glabrous, prickly beneath, peduncles 4—6-nate; petiolar gland
large, inter-pinnular glands 2-3. A. arrophula Don, Prodr. Flor. Nep.
24:7 ?

ANDAMANS; yery common. JDzistrR1B. India, Indo-China,

Var. pluricapitata Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind, I, 298; leaf-rachis
puberulous, not prickly, peduncles 6—8-nate ; petiolar gland small, inter-
pinnular glands 10-12. A, pluricapitata Steud. Nomencl. ed. II, J, 7;
Benth. Hook. Lond. Journ. I, 516; Pl. Jungh. I, 267. <A. polycephaia
Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5255 not of DC.

Penana; Porter (Wall. Cat. 5255)! Manacca; Griffith! Maingay
585! Derry 166! Holmberg 838! Hervey! Perak; Scortechini! Kunstler
482! 3332! 4876 ! 5504! 10300! Disrris. Malay Archipelago.

Following the Flora of British India these two very distinct plants are here
treated as. varieties of Acacia pennata. That A. pluricapitata is deserving of
specific rank seems aimost certain, and it is probably equally certain that the plant
here termed vak. arrophula should also be separated specifically from A pennata.
The point can only be satisfactorily settled in a monographic revision of the Indian
Acacias ; pending the preparation of such a revision it seems better to deal with the

forms as they have been dealt with by Mr. Baker. The true A. pennata of Will-
denow is nnknown from our area.

2980

ts

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 251

66. SeriaAntHes Benth.

Unarmed trees. Leaves 2-pinnate. Flowers racemose, very large,
d-merous, mostly hermaphrodite. Calyx deeply campanulate, deeply
toothed. Petals adnate to the base of the staminal column, free above.
Stamens monadelphous, very numerous ; anthers minute. Ovary sessile,
mauy-ovuled ; style filiform, stigma minute capitate. Pod large obloug,
almost woody, somewhat turgid, indehiscent, septate between the seeds.
Species 2, one in Malaya, one in Polynesia.

SSERIANTHES GRANDIFLORA Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ITI,
225. A large unarmed tree with rusty-puberulous young branches.
Leaves evenly 2-pinnate, rachis puberulous 7-9 in. long, with a large
sessile gland *25 in. above base and with small glands between the
bases of each pair of pinne; pinne 3-8-jugate, 3-4 in. long, puberu-
lous ; leaflets 6-12 pairs, obliquely oblong, subfalcate, obtuse, base ob-
liquely truncate, ‘0-1 in. long, ‘3-6 in. wide, rigidly subcoriaceous,
glossy-green above, paler dull reticulate-veined beneath, glabrous on
both surfaces. Flowers few, in axillary corymbose panicles 4-6 in. long,
main-rachis puberulous, peduncular portion 2 in. long, the branches
puberulous ‘5—7 in. long, each 24-fld ; pedicels densely tomentose -2
in. long; buds oblong or globose, 35 et across. Calyx wide-cam-
panulate, 5 in. long, ‘35 in. wide with triangular teeth one-third the
length of tube, uniformly densely felted externally. Corolla yellow-
ish-white, 1°5 in. long, the segments densely woolly externally, glabrous
within. Faments over 500, 25 in. long. Pod turgid, 6 in. long, 2°25
in. wide, ‘75 in. thick, epicarp thin brittle, endocarp woody; sutures
thin, valves septate and slightly depressed between the seeds. Seeds
6-8, narrowly ovate, the long axis across the pod, °75 in. long, ‘3 in.
across, ‘ld in. thick, testa dark-brown, smooth but hardly shining, seed
faintly areolate, Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 40; Bak. in. Flor. Brit. Ind.
TI, 301. Inga Finlaysoniana Wall. Cat. 5284. I. grandiflora Wall. Cat.
5285. I. ventricosa Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5266 in part.

Surcapore ; Wallich! Finlayson. Matacca; Griffith! Maingay 580!
Distris. Malay Archipelago.

67. ENTEROLOBIUM Mart.

Erect unarmed trees. Leaves bipinnate. Flowers in globose heads,
5-merous, usually hermaphrodite. Calyx campanulate or subcampanu-

late, ahoetly toothed. Corolla subinfundibuliform, the petals connate to

the middle, Stamens monadelphous much exserted; anthers small
not gland-crested. Ovary sessile many-ovuled ; style filiform, stigma
minute capitate. Pod strap-shaped straight or curved, indehiscent,
mesocarp spongy at length hardening, or pulpy and soft, endocarp Beas

251

252 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

forming continuous septa between the seeds; the sutures thickened,
Species 5 or 6, all American; one introduced and now becoming sub-
spontaneous in S.-H, Asia.

ENTeROLOBIUM SaMAN Prain. A large spreading tree 40-50 feet igh,
stem 3 feet or more thick, branches pubescent. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate,
rachis 4—6 in. long, pubescent, basal gland none but with glands between
the bases of each pair of pinne, single in the upper, paired in the lower
half of the rachis; pinne 4-6-jugate, 2-3 in. long, rachises pubescent
with glands between each pair of leaflets; leaflets decreasing down-
wards, 6-8-jugate in the upper, 3-5-jugate in the lower pinne, ovate-
oblong rigidly coriaceous, glabrous above, densely pubescent beneath,
upex obtuse, base obliquely truncate, main-nerve diagonal, terminal 1°5
in. long, ‘@ in. wide; stipules small lanceolate, densly pubescent,
deciduous. Flvwe7s in dense heads 1°25 in. across, on pubescent pedicels
2°5 in. long, solitary or 2-3 together in the axils of the upper leaves,
each with a lanceolate pubescent bract ‘15 in. long and aslender puberu-
lous pedicel ‘05 in. long. Caly# infundibuliform, densely pubescent ex-
ternally, ‘15 in. long, teeth wide-triangular, short. Corolla pinkish, infun-
dibuliform, -3 in. long, tube puberulous outside, teeth ovate, externally
pubescent, halfas long as tube. Filaments pink, 1°25 in. long, connate at
base in a tube one-third as long as that of corolla. Pod straight, 6—7 in.
long, °6 in. wide, 35 in. thick, valves slightly depressed between the
seeds, sutures thickened, epicarp thinly crustaceous, mesocarp pulpy,
endocarp firmly crustaceous and forming continous septa between the
seeds. Seeds 16-20, transversely ovate, °4 in. long, ‘25 in. wide, ‘2 in,
thick, testa smooth brown shining with distinct duller darker-brown
ovate areola, without arillus. Inga Saman Willd. Sp. Pl. IV, 1024.
Pithecolobium Saman Benth. Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. III, 216. Cal-
liandra Saman Griseb. Fl. W. Ind. 225. The Rain Tree.

PLANTED in many of the provinces and now appearing subspon-
taneously, at least in the Andamans and Nicobars. A native of Guiana ;
introduced in the West Indies whence it has been sent to Asia,

This species, though of much more recent introduction than Pithecolobium dulce,
is also of some economic importance, owing to its rapidity of growth and the
readiness with which it thrives, as compared with most native species, when used
in the re-afforestation of abandoned clearings. The sweet pulpy pods, of which it
produces an abundant erop, are greedily eaten by cattle.

When Mr. Bentham tentatively placed the species in Pithecolobiwm he explained
that the tree was unknown to him. Dr. Grisebach, who had the advantage of study-
ing the tree in the living state, at once recognised that it cannot possibly be a
Pithecolobiwm and placed it in Calliandra, uo doubt owing to the sutures of its pods
being thickened as in that genus. ‘hat the pods are septate and indehiscent mili-
tates however against his proposal, for the crucial test of a Calliandra is that its pods,
which may not be septate, shall dehisce elastically from apex to base. Whe Index

252

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula: 253

Kewensis has therefore replaced the ‘ Rain-Tree’ in Pithecolobiwm ; this, however, is
a step Which in turn similarly mars the generic limits of that group since the pods
of Pithecolobiwm must not be septate. The writer places the species with more con-
fidence in Enterolobiwm owing to its possessing the septate pods characteristic of
that genus. The pulpy, in place of spongy at length indurated mesocarp, and the
shortly pedicelled in place of sessile florets, cannot, in view of the variability of
these characters within adjacent genera, be considered more than comparatively
trivial deviations from the hitherto recognised characters of Enterolobium. 'The
writer is unable, both on academic and on practical grounds, to agree with the pro-
posal, made by some botanists, to amalgamate Calliandra, Pithecolobium, Enterolo-
bium and Albizzia,

68. CaALLIANDRA Benth.

Shrubs or trees. Leaves bipinnate, with small or large leaflets.
Flowers in globose heads, polygamous, 5-merous. Calyx campanulate,
toothed. Corolla funnel-shaped, deeply 5-cleft. Stamens indefinite,
monadelphous at the base, filaments filiform much exserted ; anthers
minute, not gland-crested. Ovary stalked, many-ovuled ; style filiform,
stigma minute capitate. Pod strap-shaped, slightly falcate, flat, rigidly
coriaceous, the valves dehiscing with elasticity, bordered by much-
thickened sntures, continuous within, narrowed gradually to a short
stalk. Species 80, mostly tropical American.

CaLLIANDkA UMBROSA Benth. in Gen. Pl. I, 597. A tree 20-25 feet;
high, with slender glabrous branches and sometimes with small suberect
stipular spines. Leaves 2-pinnate, petiole 1:25 in. long, glabrous ; pinne
2, terminal, each with rachis 1:25-1°5 in. long, with a pair of large
sessile, oblique, oblong, rigidly subcoriaceous end-leaflets, acute at apex,
cuneate at base, 6 in. long, 2 in. wide and with an odd similar but

~much smaller leaflet 15-2 in. long, ‘5-75 in. wide, on the outer side

below; leaflets all glabrous on both sides, rather distinctly nerved
beneath and each with a gland on rachis at base. Flowers sessile in
small dense globose heads ‘4 in. across, with minute bracts, on short
ascending slender peduncles ‘45 in. long, usually several together
from old nodes on the branches; elongating in fruit to 1-5-2 in. Calyx
campanulate, teeth valvate, Corolla °12 in. long, yellow, inodorous.
Pod 6-9 in. long, 75-1 in. wide, smooth, finely veined, the valves with
elevated rounded thickened edges. Seeds 6-9, ovate, *5 in. long, ‘35 in.
wide, long diameter transverse, very much compressed ; testa smooth
shining thin crustaceous brown, Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 302. Inga
umbrosa Wall. Pl. As. Rar. t. 124; Cat. 5273. Albczzia umbrosa Benth.
in Hook. Lond. Journ. ITI, 86. :

PenaneG ; fide Baker in Flora of British India.

There are no Malayan specimens at Calcutta; Mr. Baker, however, allades to
the existence of Penang examples. 4

253

204 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

69, AwsizziA Durazz.

Large trees or, sometimes, (A. myriophylla) shrubs usually climb-
ing. Leaves bipinnate. Fluwers (in the Indian species) in globose
heads, sessile or pedicellate, usually pentamerous and all hermaphro-
dite. Calyx campanulate or funnel-shaped, distinctly toothed. Corolla
funnel-shaped, petals firmly united below the middle, Stamens inde-
finite, monadelphous at the base, filaments several times the length of
the corolla; anthers minute, not cland-crested. Ovary sessile or shortly-
stalked; style filiform, stigma capitate minute. Pod large, thin, flat,
strap-shaped, straight, indehiscent or subindehiscent, continuous within,
the sutures not thickened, Disrris. Species 25-30, spread through the
Tropics of the Old World.

Shrub, often climbing, the pulvinus below leaf-base en-
larging into a firm short recurved hook; the leaflets (nu-
merous) narrowly linear with a median main-nerve -. L. A. myriophylla.
Erect usually large trees, pulvinus not accrescent; the
leaflets ovate or oblong, or if linear with the main-nerve
nearly marginal :—
Main-nerve close to upper margin; leaflets (numerous)
dimidiate-lanceolate ; wh very large; (fiowers shortly -
pedicellate ) tis . 2. A. stipulata.
Main-nerve removed one-third me one-half the width of
leaflet from upper margin; leaflets ovate or oblong ;
stipules small :-—
Leaflets never more than 2 in. long, rather numerous :—
Glands confined to main-rachis of leaf, leaflets
sessile or subsessile :—
Florets pedicellate :—
Pinnez never more than 4-jugate :—
Umbels small, few-fld., pedicels longer than

calyx nats eas whe oo. 3&3 A, littoralis.
Umbels large, many-fid., pedicels not longer
than calyx ... «. 4. <A, Lebbek.
Pinne 6-12-jugate; phaoebcbi: iS very large
and sinuate along the sutures a .. 5. A. pedicellata.

Florets sessile ; main-nerve nearer wpper ives lean
leaf-margin is eee 6. A. odoratissima.
* Glands on the secondary rachises as ef as on ae
main-rachis, leaflets shortly ent ; (florets
sessile) eve ons ds Ae QOeeras
Leaflets few, large ; ithe terminal pairs 4 in. asia (main
and secondary rachises both ee pinnze
normally l-jugate) . a one, 8, WA deacedieas
1. ALBIZZIA MYRIOPHYLLA Benth. in Hook Lond. Journ. Bot. ITI,
90. An evergreen unarmed shrub or strong climber 15-20 feet long if
climbing, 8-12 ft. high if unsupported, the young shoots shortly tawny- —
254

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. — 255

pubescent, bark thinnish, dark-brown, much lenticelled. Leaves evenly
2-pinnate; rachis 5-9 in. long, densely tawny-pubescent, with a medium
sessile gland very near the base and with 2-4 small glands between
the bases of as many pairs of distal pinne, stipules subpersistent,
subulate, puberulous, ‘15 in. long, deciduous ; pulvinus hardening into
a recurved almost woody hook; pinne 12-20-jugate, 1-1:5 in. long,
their rachises sparsely pubescent; leaflets 35-50 pairs, crowded,
linear, sessile, slightly falcate, apex subacute, base slightly oblique,
rigidly chartaceous, ‘2-25 in. long, ‘07 in. wide, dark-green and glabrous

‘above, margin ciliolate or glabrous, paler beneath and glabrous or

sometimes sparsely ad pressed-pubescent; midrib central. Flowers in
small 10-20-fld. heads °5 in. across, pale-yellow with greenish-yellow
stamens, or white ; peduncles slender puberulous, ‘4—‘5 in. long, solitary
or 2-6 together on nodes in the upper half of pubescent corymbose
branchlets 1-15 in. long, with pubescent ovate-acute bracts ‘2 in. long,
usually accompanied by 2 subulate stipules like those of the leaves, the
branchlets disposed in terminal leafy panicles 4-8 in. long, 2-4 in,
wide; pedicels 0. Calyx campanulate, teeth small, ovate-acute, tube
externally densely pubescent, ‘04 in. long. Corolla infundibuliform,
yellowish or white, *15 in. long, teeth ovate-lanceolate one-third the
tube and like it umiformly externally softly puberulous. Filaments
few, 12-20, united below in a white tube half as long as that of corolla,
free portion greenish or white, ‘4 in. long. Pod dehiscent, 4—5 in. long,
"8-1-2 in. wide, thin, flexible, bright-brown, smooth and shining ; op-
posite the seeds darker and distinctly reticulated. Seeds 6-8, obovate,
apex obtuse, base cuneate, ‘25 in. long, ‘2 in wide, much compressed,
testa dull-brown, smooth, distinctly areolate. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind.

“IL, 300. Acacia myriophylla Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5242. 4A. foliolosa

Grah. in Wall, Cat. 5241. Mimosa microphylla Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 549.
Kenan; Langkawi, Curtis 2135! 2801! Penana; Curtis 718! 1702!
Kunstler 1444! Perak; Scortechini 28! 128! .

This does not become a tree. When aclimber it has not the assistance, as in
climbing Acacias, of prickles; it developes however hard recurved hooks, that help
to serve as hold-fasts, from the thickening of the pnlvini at the leaf-bases.

2. ALsizzIa stipuLara Boiv. Enycl. XIX Siécle II, 33. An un-
armed evergreen tree, often 100-120 feet high, young shoots finely grey-
downy, bark dark-grey rugose, stem 3-4 feet thick; heart-wood dark-
brown. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate, rachis 6-18 in. long, pubescent, with
a large sessile gland | in above the base and with 2-6 small between
the bases of as many distal pairs of pinne; pinne 6-20-jugate, the
secondary rachises tawny-pubescent, 2°5—4 in. long; leaflets 20-45-
jugate, dimidiately falcate-lanceolate, sessile, apex acute slightly pointed

255

256 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

forward, base obliquely rounded on lower margin, membranous, ‘25-3
in. long, ‘1 in. wide, pale-green glabrous above, glaucous finely downy
beneath, the midrib very close to the upper margin ; stipules very large,
usually 1-1-5 in. long, ‘4in wide, obliquely cordate-acuminate, velvety-
pubescent beneath, puberulous above. Jlowevs in numerous heads 1°75
in. across, yellowish-white, the stamens often more or less flushed with
pink ; peduncles pubescent 1:25 in. long, solitary or in fascicles of 2-4
on nodes in the upper half of pubescent racemose branchlets 3-5 in.
long, with large pubescent deciduous ovate-acuminate bracts ‘5 in. long,
the branchlets in panicles 8-12 in. long, 6-8 in. wide, at the ends of
leafy branches; pedicels ‘05 in. Jong, pubescent. Calyx *1 in. long,
infundibuliform, teeth short acute, densely uniformly pubescent exter-
naliy. Corolla ‘2 in. long, teeth lanceolate acute, half as long as tube
and like it densely-pubescent outside. Filuments connate at the base
in a yellowish tube longer than that of corolla, the free portion of
filaments yellowish with a pink flush, or white, ‘75 in. long. Pod inde-
hiscent 5-6 in. long, ‘75-1 in. wide, thin, rigid, pale-brown, dull ;
valves faintly wide-reticulate. Seeds 8-10, ovate, ‘25 in. long, ‘2 in.
wide, much compressed, testa dark-brown, smooth, dull, not areolate.
Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. III, 92; Bedd. Fl. Sylvat. t. 55;
Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 28; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. lI, 3800. Acacia
stipulata DC. Prodr. II, 469; Wall. Cat. 5326; W. & A. Prodr.
974. A. Smithiana Wall. Cat. 5237. A. marginata Ham. in Wall.
Cat. 5243. Mimosa Smithiana Roxb. Hort. Beng. 40; Fl. Ind. II,
550. M, stipulata Roxb. Hort. Beng. 40. MM. stipulacea Roxb. Fl. Ind.
Il, 549. Arthrosprion stipulautum Hassk. Retzia I, 212. The Waite
Sigis.

Anpamans; rare, H. H. Man! Nicopars; Kamorta, common, Kurz!
Disrrie. Throughout South-Hastern Asia.

This was once found by Mr. Man in the forests of South Andaman many years
ago ; none of the numerous collections made in the group during recent years contain
any specimens of the species. It becomes quite common again in the Nicobars and
in the Malay Archipelago it seems to be as plentiful as it is in India and Indo-
China. But from the intervening Malay Peninsula no collector has ever sent a
specimen to Calcutta.

Miquel describes three varieties :—

(a.) typica with greenish stamens.

(B.) vegeta with pinkish stamens.

(y.) stipulis persistentibus with permanent, more pubescent stipules.

But his varieties (8.) and (y.) are only forms of one tree and that tree is what
constitutes in reality typical A. stipulata. What Miquel treats as VAR. typica igs
Roxburgh’s Mimosa Smithiana, which has smal stipules, and is, if not a distinct

species, certainly a very good variety. The Andamans and Nicobars tree is true
A, stipulata; the other form has not been met with in our area,

256

i a

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 257

3. ALBIzzIA LITroRALIS Teysm. & Biunend., Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind,
XXIX, 259. Anunarmed tree 30-40 feet high, young branches glabrous,
lenticelled ; with ash-grey bark. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate ; rachis glab-
rous, 4-8 in. long, with a large sessile gland near base ; pinnee 2—4-jugate,
the distal pair 4-5 in. long with leaflets 5—6-jugate, the proximal 3-4
in. long, leaflets 3—4-jugate ; leaflets elliptic-oblong or obovate, obtuse
or retuse, base obliquely rounded, or rounded ou lower cuneate on upper
margin, subsessile, submembranous, glabrous pale-green above, faintly
puberulous glaucescent beneath, *75-1:25 in. long, -4—75 in. wide. Flowers
in small few-fid. umbels, under ‘5 in. across, white with pink stamens ;
peduncles slender the longest 1-5 in. long, glabrous or puberulous, corym-
bosely arranged on leafless branchlets 1-3 in. long, themselves disposed
ina terminal corymbose panicle; pedicels "2-25 in. long, very slender,
glabrous. Calyzx ‘1 in. long, teeth obscure, tube pubescent. Corolla ‘2°
in. long, teeth ovate-lanceolate, externally closely grey-silky as is the
tube. Filaments conuate at base in a uniform white tube shorter than
corolla, the free portion of filaments pink. Pud 6-7 in. long, 1 in. wide,
linear, taperiug at both ends, flat, much compressed, glossy pale greenish-
brown, uniformly wide-reticulute. Seeds 12-16, transversely oval, much —
compressed, ‘4 in. long, ‘2 in. wide, ‘1 in. thick, testa smooth brown.
Kurz, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XIV, 2, 129.

Nicopars; Nancowry, Jelinek! King’s Collector! Great Nicobar,
Jelinek. Penanc ; Pulo Jungal, Curtis! Distris. Malay Archipelago.

The Nicobarese name is “ Unjiha ;” the name in the Moluccas is “ Kellor-laut.”

4, AxpizziA Leppex Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. IIT, 87:
An unarmed deciduous tree 40-70 feet high, young shoots puberulous or
almost glabrous; with pale bark. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate; rachis 3-9
in. Jong with a large sessile gland near base; pinne 2-3- (less often 4- ,
rarely 1- ) jugate, 4 in. long with a gland on the main-rachis above
between the bases of the distal, sometimes of the 2 distal pinne ; leaflets
5-9-jugate, often with glands between their bases, elliptic-oblong or the
upper more oblique and obovate-oblong, very obtuse or retuse, base
obliquely rounded, or rounded on lower, cuneate on upper margin,
subsessile, glabrous above, glabrous or faintly pubescent beneath, reticu-
late, pale-green, 1—2 in. long, *5—"75 in. wide. Flowers in globular sub-
capitate umbels 1:25 in. across, white and fragrant ; peduncles 2-4 in.
long, glabrous or puberulous, solitary or 2—4 together from axils of upper
leaves, or corymbose at the ends of short leafless branches ; pedicels
‘1-15 in. long, slender, puberulous. Calyw *15-'2 in. long, teeth short —
deltoid, tube glabrous or puberulous. Corolla *3 in. long, tube glabrous,
the teeth ovate-lanceolate, externally pubescent. Filaments connate at
base in a unifurm tube shorter than corolla, Pod 4-12 in. long, 1-2 in.

257

258 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

broad ; linear-oblong, blunt at both ends, flat, much compressed, with
slightly thickened sutures, smooth, glossy, pale straw-coloured except
opposite the seeds, there reticulated, pale-brown. Seeds 4-12, trans-
versely oval, much compressed, ‘6 in. long, ‘3 in. wide, -1 m. thick,
testa smooth, pale-brown. Bedd. FI. Sylvat. t. 53; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. II, 298. Albizzia latifolia Boiv. Encye. II, 33; Miq, Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 22. Acacia Lebbek Willd. Sp. Pl. IV, 1066; DC. Prodr. II, 466.
Acacia speciosa Willd. Sp. Pl. IV, 1066; DC. Prodr. II, 467; W. & A.
Prodr. 275. Acacia Sirissa Ham. in Wall. Cat. 5265. Mimosa speciosa
Jacq. Ic. t. 108. M. Sirissa Roxb. Hort. Beng. 40; Flor. Ind. H, 544.
The Siris.

Planted in some of the provinces:—Awnpamans; Kurz! Penance;
Curtis 296! Disrris. Planted throughout the tropics; appears to be
wild in the drier regions of Asia and Africa.

5. ALBIZZiIA PEDICELLATA Bak. ex Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc.
XXX, 563. A tall erect unarmed tree sometimes over 100 feet high,
young. shoots dark-coloured, faintly rusty-puberulous, bark dark-
coloured ; stem 3 feet in diam., heart-wood black. Leaves evenly 2-pin-
nate; rachis 5-8 in. long, with a large sessile gland *5 in. above base,
stipules persisting as two firm recurved thickly coriaceous hooklets ;
pinne 6-]2-jugate, 4-6 in. long, the main and secondary rachises alike
puberulous; leaflets 12-16-jugate, oblong-obtuse, sessile, with slightly
obliquely rounded base, rigidly subcoriaceous, 5-75 in long, *3—4 in.
wide, dark-green above, pale but hardly glaucescent beneath, reticu-
late-veined, quite glabrous on both surfaces. Flowers in many-fid.
umbels ‘75-1 in. across, yellowish-white with green stamens ; pedun-
cles slender finely pubescent, 1-1:25 ix long, panicled in fascicles of 2-8
on nodes towards the apices of numerous axillary main-rachises, the
nodes sometimes evolved as branchlets 1-2 in. long so as to form com-
pound umbels; main-rachis puberulous, the peduncular portion beneath
the flowers 3 in. long towards ends of branches, to 12-15 in. long in
the axils lower down; pedicels rusty-pubescent very slender, *25—3
in. long. Calyx ‘15 in. long, teeth short deltoid, densely pubescent
externally. Corolla °3 in. long, teeth ovate-acute externally, densely
pubescent as is the tube. Filaments connate at base in a white tube
shorter than corolla, free portions of filaments over 1 in. long, bright-
green. Pod indehiscent, 12-18 in. long, 2°25-2°5 in. wide, very thin
and brittle, pale yellowish-brown, very faintly reticulated opposite the
seeds, sinuate-repand along the unthickened sutures. Seeds 6-9, trans-
versely ovate, ‘25 in. long, *2 in. wide, much compressed, testa smooth
dark-brown. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IJ, 299.

Perak; Goping, Ulu Bubong, etc. Kunstler 4474! 7988! 10436

258

ce ae

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 259

Pexanc; Waterfall, Curtis 1921! Matacca; Muingay 581! 586!
Goodenough, 1796! Sincapore; Kranji Road, Ridley 6297 !

A very fine species.

6. ALBIzzIA ODORATISSIMA Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ITI,
88. A tall erect unarmed tree sometimes 100 feet high, young shoots
rather dark-coloured, stem 2-2°5 feet in diam., heart-wood black.
Leaves evenly 2-pinnate ; rachis 6-12 in. long, finely-downy, with a large
sessile gland ‘5 in. above base and 1-2 small ones between the bases of
the distal pairs of pinnz, stipules small quite deciduous; pinne 3-4-
(rarely 2-) jugate, usually 5-8 in. long, the secondary rachises glabrous
or pubescent ; leaflets 8-24-jugate, obliquely oblong, sessile, obtuse, with
very obliquely rounded base, rigidly subcoriaceous, ‘75-1 in. long, °3-"5
in. wide, dark-green above, glaucescent beneath, recticulate-veined, the
midrib removed by one-third from, and parallel to, the upper edge,
glabrous or faintly sparsely adpressed-hairy above, more densely ad-
pressed-hairy beneath. lowers in numerous small 10-12-fid. heads,
‘75-1 in. across, yellowish-white with pale-yellow stamens; peduncles
slender, puberulous, ‘75 in. long, solitary or oftener in fascicles of 3-6 on
nodes in the upper third of numerous small corymbose branchlets 2-2°5
in. long, themselves in panicles 8-12 in. long at the ends of leafy
branches ; pedicels 0. Calyx ‘05 in. long, teeth obsolete, tube campanul-
ate, externally densely pubescent. Corolla ‘15 in. long, oblong in bud,
teeth ovate-lanceolate, externally densely grey-silky as is the tube.
Filaments connate at the base in a white tube half as long as that of the
corolla, free portion of filaments *4 in. long, pale-yellow. Pod indehis-
cent, 6-9 in. long, 1'2-1°6 in. wide, thin, flexible, warm-brown, glossy or
dull, sutures straight or slightly repand ; valves uniformly wide-reticu-
late. Seeds 8-12, broadly ovate, ‘3 in. long, ‘25 in. wide, much com-
pressed, testa smooth, dull greenish-yellow, faintly areolate. Bedd. Flor.
Sylvat. t. 54; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 299. Albizzta micrantha
Boiv. Encyc. II, 34; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 24 Acacia odoratissima
Willd. Sp. Pl. IV, 1063; DC. Prodr. II, 466; Wall. Cat. 5234; W. &
A. Prodr. 275. Acacia lomatocarpa DC. Prodr. II, 467. Mimosa odora-
tissima Linn. f. Suppl. 437; Roxb. Cor. Pl. t. 120; Hort. Beng. 40; FI.
Ind. II, 546. Mimosa murginata Lamk. Encyc. Meth. 1,12. The Buack
Sirs.

Matacca; (fide Baker). Disrris, India and Indo-China.

Mr. Baker notes the presence of this in Malacca and the species is therefore
included here. It is, however, possible that Mr. Baker’s specimens are from

planted trees, for no botanist has ever communicated Malayan Bree to the
Calcutta Herbarium.

7, ALBIZZIA PROCERA Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. IIT, 89.
259

260 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

An erect unarmed tree 60-80 feet high, young shoots rather pale, much
lenticelled, subrugose, glabrous, bark pale-gray outside reddish within,

stem 1°5-2 feet in diam.; heart-wood brown. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate ;

rachis 12-18 in. long, glabrous, with a large gland ‘25 in. above the base ;
pinne 2-6-jugate, 5-6 in. long, secondary rachises glabrous, with sessile
ovate gland below the last pair of leaflets; leaflets 6-12 jugate,
obliquely ovate to ovate-oblong with petiolules ‘05 in. long, blunt or
subacute, the base obliquely cuneate on upper rounded on lower margin;
thinly coriaceous, 1-1-5 in, long, (in young trees sometimes 2 in, long)
and ‘6-8 in. wide, dark-green glabrous above, paler beneath and when
young densely silvery later sparsely adpressed-pubescent, Flowers m
numerous small 20-25-fld. heads, 75 in. across, yellowish-white with
pale-yellow stamens; peduncles slender puberulous or glabrous, ‘5 in.
long, in fascicles of 3-5, less often solitary on nodes in the upper half of
numerous racemose branchlets 3-5 in. long at the ends of leafy branches;
pedicels 0. Calyx ‘1 in. long, teeth triangular distinct, glabrous extern-
ally as is the tube. Corolla ‘25 in. long, teeth lanceolate half as long as
tube, densely uniformly pubescent externally. laments connate at base
in a yellow tube as long as that of corolla, free portion of filaments “35
in. long, greenish-yellow. Pod at length dehiscent, 4-8 in. long, ‘7-9
in. wide, thin, flexible, bright reddish-brown, glossy, sutures straight,
slightly thickened ; valves not reticulated. Seeds 6-12, broadly ovate,
‘35 in. long, ‘25 in. wide, much compressed, testa smooth pale-brown.
Bedd. Flor. Sylvat. 96; Miq. Flor. Ind, Bat. I, 21; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. II, 299. Acacia procera Willd. Sp. Pl, IV, 1063; DC, Prodr. IT,
466 ; W.& A. Prodr, 275. Acacia elata Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5233;
Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Caleutt. 261 (mot Mimosa elata Roxb.), Mimosa
procera Roxb. Cor, Pl. t. 121; Hort, Beng. 93; Flor. Ind. I, 548.
| AnpamaAns; Coco Group, common, Prain! Disrris. Indo-China,
China; Malay Archipelago.

It is strange that though this species extends from Nepal to Central China on
the north and from Java to the Philippines on the south, it should never have been
collected in the Malay Peninsula. More extraordinary still, though quite common

at the north end of the Andamans, it seems to be altogether absent from the southern
islands of that group and from the Nicobars.

8. ALbizzIA LUCIDA Benth. in Hook. Lond, Journ. Bot. IT!, 86. An
unarmed deciduous tree 50-60 feet high, all parts glabrous, bark thin,
greyish, pustular, stem 1—1°5 feet in diam. ; heart-wood pale-brown. Leaves
evenly 2-pinnate, rachis 1°5-2'5 in. long, quite glabrous, with a sessile
cup-shaped gland ‘3-8 in. above the base and with another nea: the
tip; pinne usually l-jugate with secoudary rachis 2-3°5 in. long, with
a gland on upper side “26 in. below the distal pair of leaflets and often
with a second ‘25 in. below the penultimate pair, the leaflets usually 2-,

260

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 261

sometimes 3-, rarely 1l-jugate, (when leaflets 3-jucate on the distal
pinne, leaves occasionally with a second pair of pinne with short
eglandular rachis under ‘5 in. long, bearing 1 pair of small leaflets) ;
leaflets ovate to elliptic-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, apex rather abrupt-
ly acuminate, base obliquely cuneate, glossy dark-green above, dull paler
beneath, glabrous on both surfaces, thinly chartaceous, decreasing down-
wards, the distal pairs 4 in. long, 1°5 in wide, the lowest 1°5 in. long,
‘7 in. wide. Flowers in small heads *6-"7 in. across, yellowish ; pedun-
cles slender, faintly puberulous, °75—1 in. long, solitary or in fascicles of
2-3 in corymbs on nodes in the upper fourth, or subumbellate at the
tips, of numerous branchlets 1°5-6 in. long, themselves in corymbose
panicles 8-10 in. long and nearly as wide, at the ends of leafy branches ;
pedicels ‘(05—1 in. long. Calyz *07 in. long, campanulate, faintly toothed,
externally puberulous. Corolla ‘2 in. long, teeth lanceolate, uniformly
sparsely silky externally. Filaments connate at base in a white tube
slightly shorter than that of corolla, free portion of filaments °35 in.
long, pale-yellow. Pod at length dehiscent, 6-10 in. long, 1-1°25 in.
wide, thin, flexible, pale-brown, dull, reticulated opposite the seeds,
smooth glossy elsewhere. Seeds 6-8, orbicular, ‘38 in. in diam., much
compressed, testa smooth, pale-brown. Benth. Pl. Jungh. 268;-Migq.
Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 18; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 299. Mimosa lucida
Roxb. Hort. Beng. 40; Flor. Ind. TI, 544. Inga lucida Wall. Cat. 5267
mostly.

SINGAPORE : fide Baker. Disrris. HKastern Himalaya and Indo-
China; also Java (fide Miquel).

Like A. odoratissima this species is included on the authority of Mr. Baker, who

records it from the Malayan Peainsula. Dr. Miguel reports it also from Java, but
no British or Dutch botanist has ever sent a Malayan specimen to Calcutta.

70. Pirgeconopium Mart:

Erect trees. Leaves abruptly 2-pinnate. Flowers in globose heads,
rarely in small loose spikes or subumbellate corymbs, usually herma-
plrodite and pentamerous. Caly# campanulate or funnel-shaped, shortly

toothed. Corolla funnel-shaped, the petals united below from one-half

to two-thirds their length. Stamens monadelphous, much exserted; |

anthers without glands. Ovary sessile or stipitate, many-ovuled ;
style filiform, stigma minute capitate. Pod strap-shaped, circinate or
rarely falcate or nearly straight, usually dehiscent throughout the
lower suture and much twisted in a late stage, sutures not or slightly
thickened.

Species about 100; cosmopolitan in ve Tropics, about 80°/, Ameri-

can, only 1-2 African,
261

262 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Armed with spinescent stipules; seeds arillate; (pinne
of leaves 1-jugate, their rachises gland-bearing ; leaflets
1-jugate ; pods close-spiral, dehiscent along lower suture,
testa of distant seeds thin)
Unarmed ; seeds without arillus :—
Pod indehiscent, (horse-shoe shaped), seeds (distant) with
a thick leathery testa; (pinne 1-jugate, their rachises
gland-bearing, leaflets glubrous 2-jugate) —... mile
Pods dehiscent, seeds with a thin crustaceous testa :—
Pods straight or slightly falcate, opening along both
sutures, valves thick, fleshy, seeds close-set, mutually
compressed; (pinnz 1-jugate, their rachises gland-
bearing, leaflets glabrous 1—2-jngate) We
Pods spirally twisted, opening only along the Lwer
suture, valves coriaceous, seeds distant :—
Pods deeply lobed between the seeds half-way down
to upper suture or further, dehiscing only opposite
the seeds; (pinne 1l-jugate, their rachises gland-
bearing, leaflets glabrous 2-3-jugate) -
Pods only faintly sinuate on lower suture between the
seeds, dehiscence along lower suture continuous :—
Pinnz 1-jugate without glands on their rachises ;
(leaflets glabrous) :—
Pods large, ‘75 in. broad ; seeds somewhat com-
pressed, 6 in long; leaflets 2-jugate apex acute
Pods small, ‘4 in. broud; seeds pisiform, *2 in.
across ; leaflets ae apex caudate-acumi-
nate :
Pinnz more team 1- aaa § or, if vain 1- \ieata
then with glands on their rachises ; (pods large) :—
Pods broad, 1°25 in. wide or more; leaflets very
large, glabrous; (pinnee 2-jugate, distal much
exceeding the proximal casually absent pair) :—
Rachises of pinne with glands between each
pair of leaflets; flowers in dense many-fld.

heads ‘75 in. across; leaflets shining on both

surfaces ; branches of panicle terete ely
Rachises of pinnz with glands between bases of
terminal leaflets only ; flowers in few-fld. heads
*2 in. across ; leaflets dull beneath, branches of
panicle subcompressed is
Pods narrow, *75 in. wide or less ; iaddke medium
or small, puberulous or pubescent beneath :—
Flowers large (‘5 in. long); pod long-stipitate,
seeds with long axis parallel to sutures ;
(pinne 2-jugate or casually 1-jugate, leaflets
medium ; branches terete) +5 ate
Flowers small (under °25 in. long) ; pod short-
stipitate, seeds with long axis transverse :--

1. P. dulce;

2. P. confertum.

3. P. bubalinum.

4, P. lobatum.

5. P. nicobaricum.

6. P. microcarpum.

7. P. affine.

8. P. ellipticum. ~

9. P. Kunstlert.

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 263

Florets sessile, branches terete; leaflets of
distal pinnz 15-20-jugate; (pinne 5-8-
jugate, leaflets small, all rhomboid, the distal
pairs not much exceeding the others) .- 10. P. contortwm.
Florets pedicellate, branches angled ; leaflets
of distal pinne 5-8-jugate :—
Pinne 3-6- (rarely 8-10-) jugate; leaflets
small, all trapezoid, the distal pairs not
much exceeding the others; glands sti-
pitate .. ¥ ee Ll. P. Clypearia.
Pinne 9-4. -jugate ; leaflets ane termi-
nal curieate at base, considerably exceeding
the subtrapezoid others ; glands sessile ... 12. P. angulatum.
1. PrirHecotopium putce Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ITI,
199. A tree 25-40 feet high with glabrous branches; stem 2 feet in
diam., the ultimate branchlets pendent, armed with stipular thorns.
Leaves evenly 2-pinnate, rachis 1 in. long glabrous, basal gland 0, with
a sessile small cupped-gland at its apex between the bases of the 1-
jugate pinne, with secondary rachises ‘25 in. long also gland-bearing
at apices between the bases of the l-jugate leaflets glabrous on both
surfaces, pale-green, approximated, oblique obovate-oblong, rigidly sub-
coriaceous, obtuse or occasionally subacute, 1-2 in. long, ‘3-7 in. wide ;
stipules ascending, 2-3 in. long, converted into conical smooth thorns,
the main and secondary rachises both shortly produced in acute points,
Flowers in dense heads *4—5 in. iu diam., on puberulous pedicels *25 in.
long, solitary or 2-3 together in the axils of small lanceolate bracts
‘Lin. long, along slender nodiform branchlets slightly zig-zag towards
their tips, glabrous or puberulous, striate, from 3-5 in. long, the bracts
of the lower two-thirds accompanied by minute stipular spines, those
of the lowest fourth often replaced by reduced foliage leaves; the
branches arranged in terminal panicles 7-12 in. long, 5-8 in. wide, ex-
tending into the upper axils. Calyx *05 in. long, grey-downy, subcam-
panulate, shortly toothed. Corolla white, *l in. long, puberulous tube
wide-infundibuliform, rather longer than the ovate-acute teeth, Fila-
ments united at base in a tube as long as that of the corolla, shortly
exserted. Ovary puberulous, shortly stipitate. Pod turgid, twisted,
dehiscent along the lower suture, both sutures slightly indented between
the seeds, 4-5 in. long, ‘5 in. wide; glabrous, wide-reticulated, the valves
coriaceous, claret-red when ripe. Seeds 6-8, obovate-oblong, *d in. long,
‘3 in. wide, ‘2 in. thick, testa smooth shining purplish, enveloped in a
firm edible pulpy pale avillus. Miq. Flor. Ind, Bat. I, 40; Bedd. Flor.
Sylvat. t.188; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. 1I, 302. Mimosa dulcis Roxb.

A 263

264 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Cor. Pl. I. t. 99; Hort. Beng. 40; Flor. Ind. 17,556. Inga dulcis Willd,
Sp. Pl. IV, 1005; DC. Prodr. II, 486; Wall. Cat. 5282; W. & A
Prodr. 268; Wight, Ic. t. 198.

- Cultivated in most of the Provinces; Penana; Curtis 59! Sinea-
pore; Maingay 579! Anpamans: common. Nicosars; Car Nicobar,
King’s Collector !

A native of America whence it has been introduced, by way of the Philippines,
to Malaya generally, and to India.

2. PriraecoLoprum conrertuM Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. XXX, 304.
An unarmed small tree with glabrous lenticelled branchlets with dark-
brown bark. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate, rachis glabrous °75 in. long,
with no basal gland but with a long elliptic gland just below the bases
of the l-jugate pinne; rachises of pinne glabrous, 2 in, long, with
glands between the bases of each of the 2 pairs of leaflets glabrous on
both surfaces, bright-green shining above, paler dull beneath, rigidly
papery, oblong, shortly obtusely pointed, cuneate at base, distal 3°26-3°75
in. long, 1°75-2 in. wide, proximal 2°5 in. long, 125 in. wide, lateral
nerves 3-4 pairs ascending; petiolules distinct, glabrous, ‘2 in. long.
Flowers in small 5-10-fid. heads ‘75 in. across, on pubescent pedicels
"75 in. long, arranged in small axillary and terminal corymbs 2 in. long
and broad with pubescent main-rachises, 1 in. long or less. Calyx
sessile ‘05 in. long, puberulous, campanulate, teeth obsolete; bracteoles
minute. Corolla white, ‘25 in. long, tube glabrescent externally, twice
as long as the lanceolate teeth, puberulous on the outside. Filaments
united at base in a tube slightly longer than that of corolla, free portion
white, exserted °35 in. Ovary glabrous, subsessile. Pod indelhiscent,
slightly turgid, horse-shoe shaped or loosely spirally twisted, 10-12 in,
long, 1°5 in. wide, sutures firm not at all indented between the seeds,
valves thinly coriaceous, glabrous, shining, faintly wide-reticulate. Seeds
11-13, compressed ovate, ‘75 in. long, ‘5 in. wide, ‘25 in. thick; testa
brown, dull, areolate on the outside, thick, tough and leathery. Bak.
in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 304. Albizzia splendens Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat.
Suppl. 280.

Mauacca; Griffith 1951! Goodenough 1766! Hervey! Distr.
Sumatra (T'eysmann 4228)!

This species is remarkable in having pods that do not twist spirally and that are
apparently quite indehiscent. The seeds have no true arillus but have a thick softly
coriaceous tough coat which apparently takes the place of an arillate structure.

3. PrraecoLospiumM BUBALINUM Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. XXX, 576.
An unarmed tree 30 feet high with pale-brown pubescent branchlets
and grey bark. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate, rachis puberulous ‘5 in. long,
with no basal gland but with a round gland just below the bases of the
264

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 265

l-jugate pinne; rachises of pinnew °75-1:75 in. long with glands
between the 1-2 pairs of leaflets, the leaflets oftener 1- than 2-jugate,
sometimes 1-jugate on one and 2-jugate on the other pinna of the same
leaf ; leaflets glabrous on both surfaces, bright-green shining beneath
as well as above, rigidly papery, oblong-lanceolate, shortly subacutely
pointed, cuneate at base, distal 4-5 in. long, 1°75—2°25 in. wide, proximal
2°5 in. long, 1:25 in. wide, lateral nerves 4—5 pairs ascending, petiolules
‘distinct, glabrous, ‘2 in. long. Flowers in small 5-8-fld. heads ‘3 in.
across, on puberulous very slender pedicels ‘4~‘6 in. long, fascicled in
the axils of small bracts and subumbellate at the tips of puberulous
peduncles *75 in. long, subcorymbosely set on branchlets 2°5 in. long,
themselves disposed in terminal and axillary panicles 6-8 in. long, 4-6
in. wide. Calyz sessile ‘05 in. long, pubescent, campanulate, teeth short,
deltoid, bracteoles minute. Corolla white, ‘12 in. long, teeth lanceolate
nearly as long as tube, uniformly puberulous externally. Filaments
united in a tube longer than that of corolla, free portion white, exserted,
‘35 in. long. Ovary pubescent, distinctly stipitate. Pod dark-green
inside, reddish outside, dehiscent along both sutures, oblong, straight or
falcate, apex obtuse, base obliquely rounded, 3-4 in. long, 1 in. wide,
°75 in. thick, sutures thin not at all indented, valves thick, fleshy,
foetid, densely shortly velvety externally. Seeds 8-10, crowded, ovoid,
with sides flattened from mutual compression, ‘75 in. long, *4-in. wide
and as thick, testa thin crustaceous smooth shining dark-purple ; avillus
absent. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 304. Inga bubalina Jack, Mal.
Miscel. II, 7. 77; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag, I, 224.

Penance; fide Baker. Matacca; Griffith! Maingay 576! Good-
enough 1552! Disrris. Sumatra (Jack ; Forbes 1801 !)

Jack gives the Malay name of this as “ Bua Karbaw” in Sumatra; Forbes
does not give any native name. In Malacca the name given by Griffith is “ Ingria,”’
that noted by Goodenough is ‘‘Gerdas Padi.’ The fleshy pod is eaten, in spite of
its offensive odour. . ,

4, PiTHECOLOBIUM LOBATUM Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. ITI,
208. A tree 60-80 feet high with spreading crown, stem 15-20 in. thick;
branchlets glabrous; bark grey. leaves evenly 2-pinnate; rachis
glabrous ‘6-1 in. long, with a gland near the middle but none at base
or between the bases of the l-jugate pinne; rachises of pinne glabrous
4-6 in. long, with gland between the bases of the 2-3-jugate leaflets ;
leaflets oblong to oblong-lanceolate, acute, base cuneate, firmly papery,
flexible, glabrous and shining on both sides, medium-green, distal pair,
5-8 in. long, 2-3 in. wide, proximal 3 in. long, 15 in. wide; petiolules
glabrous, ‘25 in. long. Flowers in small 3—5-fld. heads ‘25 in. across, on
glabrous slender pedicels ‘2-3 in. long, solitary or 2-3 together on _

nodes with small glabrous bracts along glabrous branchlets 1-4 in. long,
. 265

266 Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula,

the larger paniculately branched; fascicled in leaf-axils and on nodes
below the leaves near and at the ends of branches. COalya sessile,
glabrous or sparsely puberulous, ‘05 in. long, tube campanulate, teeth
short deltoid ciliate, bracteoles minute glabrous. Corolla white, glabrous,
‘15 in. long, tube infundibuliform one and a half times the length of the
lanceolate teeth. Filaments united at base in a tube rather shorter than
that of corolla, freé portion white, exserted, ‘25in. long. Ovary glabrous,
stipitate. Pod 9-10 in. long, horse-shoe shaped or loosely spirally twisted,
valves firmly coriaceous, glabrous, deeply lobed along the lower suture
half-way or more towards the entire upper, indehiscent in the sinuses,
but dehiscing along the convexities of the one-seeded suborbicular rude-
ly umbonate lobes 2 in. in diam., 1 in. thick. Seeds 3-6, (usually some
of the lobes are abortive, occasionally two may be confluent), orbicular,
‘75 in. in diam., ‘35 in. thick, testa dark-brown, thin, rather dull, crustace-
ous; arillus absent. Hassk. Retzia I. 222; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 33;
Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 305. Mimosa Koeringa Roxb. Hort. Beng. 40.
M. Djiringa Roxb. Hort. Beng. 93. M. Kaeringa Roxb. Flor. Ind. II,
543. M. Jiringa Jack, Mal. Miscell. I, 1. 14; Hook. Bot. Mise. I, 282.
Inga Jiringa Jack, Mal. Miscell. [1, 7. 78. Inga attenuata Grah. in Wall.
Cat. 5276. Inga lobata Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5280A. Inga bigemina BI.
Cat. Buitenz. 88; Hassk. Cat. Bog. 291, not of Willd. Acacia Koeringa
Royle, Ill. Him. Pl. 183. Pithecolobiwm Koeringa Kuntze MSS. in
Herb. Kew.

Penane; Curtis 105! 711! 720! 2916! Perak; Wray 499! Kunst-
ler 5665! 7116! 8651! 10841! Matacca; Griffith 1954! Maingay 572/2 !
Sincavore; Kunstler 1163! Hullett 47! Duisrare. Tenasserim ; Sumatra,
(“ wild,” Forbes 1519! 3051!); Java, cultivated (Kurz 2110! Koorders
4199! 11514!) ; Philippines, ( fide Baker).

Curtis gives the Malay name in Penang as “ Jereng;” Jack gives “ Bua Jiring”
as the name in Sumatra; Roxburgh uses this name and, perhaps, also the name
“ Koeringa.”’

Speciméns issued by Javanese botanists as P. bigeminum always belong to this
species; P. bigeminwm does not occur anywhere in the Malayan countries. Hass-
karl states that the name “ Tjering”’ is, in Java, limited to tlie eastern parts of the

island where alone the tree occurs uncultivated. The cultivated tree in WestJava _

is termed “ Djenkol.” This last is the only name cited by Koorders and Valeton
.(Bijdr. I, 268) who say that, though occurring as an escape, the tree is nowhere
wild in Java.

Roxburgh, it is to be noted, published two names :— Mimosa Koeringa (Hort.
Beng. 40)—this he afterwards described as having seeds covered with edible fleshy
pulp; and M. Djiringa (Hort. Beng. 93)—this he never did describe. It is to the
former alone that Royle adverts under the name Acacia Koeringa, and it is the latter
alone that Jack is careful to cite as synonymous with his Inga Jiringa. Of Inga
Jiringa Jack does not say that the seeds are enveloped in pulp; he is careful,
however, to imply that, like I. bubalina, its seeds have no arillus, but that the legume

266

Materials for a Flova of the Malayan Peninsula. 267

is fleshy and esculent. When therefore Bentham and, following him, Miquel describe
the seeds of their Pithecolobium lobatum, for which they cite both of Roxburgh’s
names, as enveloped in edible pulp, they give a character derived from Roxburgh’s
description of M. Koeringa only.

On Burmese specimens Sir D. Brandis has noted “fruit sold;” Gallatly
says “ edible...... common in the bazars;” Kurz has said nothing about the fruits
or seeds and has not described the latter; Baker too has refrained from describing
them. Hasskarl in describing the use of the fruits does not say whether it is the
pod or the seed that is employed; he does say that the pulp of the seed dis-
appears when the fruit is ripe!* Koorders and Valeton say that the fotid
seeds are eaten cooked. Watt in the Dictionary of the Economic Products of India only
quotes Roxburgh. What the actual facts may be it is for Malayan botanists to
declare, Is it the succulent pod, a fleshy pulp, or the seed itself of Jiring that
is eaten? And has Jiring any pulp at all? If so, is this pulp an arillus ?

Roxburgh, though he laboured under the double disadvantage of working in the
Kast, and of dealing largely with living plants, was nevertheless remarkably given
to being accurate; inspite of the fact that systematists in Europe, whose labours
have been simplified by being confined to dried specimens, propose to unite the two,
the writer thinks it should be left an open question whether there may not be a
Pithecolobium Koeringa whose seeds have an edible pulp, and a Pithecolobium
Jirvinga without a pulp enveloping the seeds. If this be so, these are the names
that should be used to designate the two trees, since the name P. lobatum, though the
best to employ so long as the point is in dubiety, must obviously be discarded should
it be found that Roxburgh was right.

5. PITHECOLOBIUM NICOBARICUM Prain. A small tree with slender
glabrous zig-zag branchlets with dark greenish-brown hark. Leaves
evenly 2-pinnate; rachis *75 in. long, glabrous, with a gland just above
the middle but none at base or between the 1-jugate pinne; rachises
of pinne 1°5-2 in. long, glabrons, glandless ; leaflets 2- (very rarely 3-)
jugate, ovate-lanceolate, gradually tapering to the acute apex and cune-
ate base, bright-green, glabrous on both surfaces, shining above, duller
beneath, distal pair 3-4 in. long, 1:4-1°8 in. wide, others 1-2°5 in.
long, *5-1'25 in. wide; petiolules distinct, glabrous, ‘1 in. long. Flowers
in small few-fid. heads on puberulous pedicels ‘25 in. long, in terminal
and axillary racemes *75—2 in. long. Calyx pubescent, campanulate, -05
in. long, teeth deltoid, small. Oorolla and_ stamens not seen. Pod
dehiscent along lower suture, 5—6 in. long, ‘75 in, wide, spirally twisted,
valves thickly coriaceous, glabrous, dull, purplish-red, sinuate between
the seeds along the upper margin. Seeds 8-10, orbicular-oyate, some-
what compressed, ‘6 in. long, *5 in. wide, ‘25 in. thick, testa thin, crus-
taceous, dark-purple smooth shining; arillus absent. Albizzia bubalina
(Pithecolobium bubalinum) Kurz, Journ. As. Soc, Beng. XLV, 2.129 not
of Benth. Puithecolobium oppositum Kurz, loc. cit., not of Migq.

* There is no pulp visible in any of our specimens at Calcutta in any stage of
the pod, whether the specimens come from Burma, the Malay Peninsula, or the
Archipelago.

267

268 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Nicopars ; Nancowry, Jelinek! Kamorta, Kurz!

The Nicobarese name for this tree is ‘‘ Kawas.” Kurz has erred in identi-
fying it with P. bubalinwm Bth., which it does not much resemble as regards leaves
and which it is totally unlike as regards fruits. He has erred still further in iden-
tifying it with P. oppositwm Mig. which he supposed to be identical with P. buba-
linwm. In reality P. oppositum has 2-jugate leaves, with leaflets more like those
of P. microcarpum than like those of either P. bubalinum or P. nicobarieum, and
with the gland on the main-rachis similarly situated. In spite of the fact that
Miquel’s specimens have neither flowers nor fruits, the writer thinks they belong
to a tree that, though a member of the same group as, is probably quite distinct from,
all three species mentioned.

6. PrrHECOLOBIUM MICROCARPUM Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXX,
576. An unarmed tree 30-70 feet high, with slender pubescent branches
with red anastomosing wrinkles, stem 10-15 in. thick, bark greyish-
brown. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate, rachis puberulous ‘5-75 (rarely
1-25-1°5) in. long, with a gland just below the middle but none at base or
between the 1-jugate pinne; rachises of pinne 2-4 in. long, puberulous,
glandless ; leaflets 3-4- (rarely only 2-) jugate, firmly chartaceous, ovate,
apex rather long obtusely caudate-acuminate, base of distal leaflets
cuneate of the others rounded, dark-green sliining above, glaucescent
beneath, glabrous on both surfaces, distal pair 4-6 in. long, 2-3 in. wide,
proximal 3 in. long, 15 in. wide; petiolules distinct, glabrous, ‘15 in.
long. Flowers in small 5-8-fld. heads ‘4 in. across, on puberulous slender
pedicels *4—"6 in. long, fascicled in the axils of small bracts and subum-
bellate at the tips of puberulous peduncles | in. long, subcorymbosely
set on branchlets 2-3 in. long, themselves disposed in terminal and
axillary panicles 6-8 in. long, 4-6 in. wide. Calya sessile glabrescent, _
‘05 in. long, tube campanulate, teeth short deltoid, bracteoles short
lanceolate. Corolla white, 15 in. long, teeth ovate-lanceolate equalling the
tube, uniformly glabrous externally. Filaments united in a tube shorter
than that of corolla, free portion white, exserted, 35 in. long. Ovary
glabrous subsessile. Pod dehiscent along lower suture, spirally twisted,
1:75-2 in. long, ‘3-"4 in. wide, sutures thin, the upper very faintly sinuate
between the seeds, the valves thinly coriaceous, waxy bright-red. Seeds
8-10, pisiform, ‘2 in. in diam., testa thin, crustaceous, smooth, shining,
dark-purple; arillus absent. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. I], 304. Inga
bubalina Wall. Cat. 5272 not of Jack. Purthecolobium bigeminum Var.
bubalina Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. III, 207; Mig. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, 33 and Suppl. 281, as to the Wallichian synonym only.

Perak; Scortechini 64! 1978! Kunstler 1297! 5492! 5842! 10354!
10729! 10802! Prnane; Porter (Wall. Cat. 5272)! Curtis 1093!
Matacca; Grifith 1947! Maingay 567! 574! Goodenough 1413! Derry
1161! Hervey! Sincarore; Ridley 1634! 6666! T. Anderson 40! Kura!
Disrriz. Sumatra (fide Miquel); Borneo.

268

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 269

This very common species has been compared with P. bubalinum ; in reality
the resemblance is very superficial; the leaves differ in having glandless secondary
rachises, the leaflets are quite different in shape and the flowers are also very dif-
ferent ; in inflorescence the two species are, however, remarkably similar. The near-
est ally is undoubtedly P. oppositum Miq., of which neither flowers nor fruits are
yet known. The leaflets of the two species are of the same shape and have the
same caudate tips but those of P. oppositwm are rather thinner in texture and have
puberulous instead of glabrous petiolules besides being arranged on 2 pairs of
pinnz whereas none of our numerous examples of P. microcarpwm have more than
1 pair of pinne.

Goodenough gives “ Kradus’’ as the Malay name in Malacca.

7. PrrHecoLoBluM AFFINE Bak. ex Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc.
XXX, 577. Asmall unarmed tree 15-25 feet high, stem 6-8 in. in
diam., young branches rusty-puberulous to pubescent. Leaves evenly
2-pinnate, rachis glabrous or puberulous 4-6 in. long, with a large
sessile gland ‘35 in. above the base, and with similar glands between
the bases of the 1-2-jugate pinnz ; secondary rachises of distal pinnze
6 in. long, with leaflets 4-, (less often 3-) jugate, of proximal pinne
when present 1°5-2'25 in. long with leaflets 2- (sometimes only 1-)
jugate, both with glands between the bases of each pair of leaflets ;
leaflets papery, glabrous on both surfaces, bright-green, glossy, obovate-
acute with subequal cuneate bases, diminishing downwards, distal pair
6-7 in. long, 3-3°25 in. wide, proximal 3 in. long, 1°5-1°75 in. wide;
lateral nerves 4—6 pairs ascending ; petiolules distinct, glabrous, *15 in.
long. lowers in dense heads ‘75 in. across, on slender peduncles ‘6 in.
long, arranged singly or in fascicles of 2-3 together along branchlets
3-8 in. long, themselves forming an ample terminal panicle 10-15 in.
long and broad. Calyx subsessile, minutely bracteolate at the base, *15
in. long, tube funnel-shaped, teeth very short, uniformly brown-silky
externally. Corolla white, ‘25 in. long, uniformly grey-silky externally,
teeth ovate-lanceolate, half as long as tube. Filaments united in a tube
as long as that of corolla, exserted ‘35 in., pure white. Ovary puberulous,
shortly stipitate. Pod dehiscent along lower suture, spiral, 8 in. long,
1:25 in. wide, hardly sinuate along upper suture, valves thinly coriaceous,
glabrous, shining, faintly wide-reticulate, dark-green externally, bright —
orange-red within. Seeds 6—8, transverse, ovate-oblong, 1 in. long, ‘5 in.
wide, ‘4 in. thick, testa thin crustaceous dark-purple smooth shining ;’
without arillus. Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. II, 304.

Maracca; Maingay 577! Hervey! Perak; Kunstler 3406! 3957!
5560! Singapore; Tanjong Bunga, Ridley 6408! Disrris. Burma
(Brandis!) ; Borneo. |

The pod is given in the Flora of British India as *25 in. wide; this may be
a misprint for 1:25 in. At all events the fruit of the species of which Maingay n. —
577 forms the basis is as now described. The Borneo locality is given doubtfully

269

270 Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula.

by Mr. Bentham; the pod which he describes, and which belonged to his Borneo
specimens, evidently agrees very closely with that of the Peninsular plant,

8. PrrHEcOLOBIUM ELLIPTICUM Hassk., Retzia I, 225. A tree 15-30
feet high (occasionally higher) branchlets tawny-puberulous soon glab-
rescent, bark grey. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate, rachis glabrous 3-4 in.
long, with a large gland above base and another between the bases of
the distal pinnw; pinne 2-jugate, rachises of distal pair 4-7 in. long,
with small glands between each pair of leaflets except the lowest, of
proximal pair often only subopposite always within an inch of base of
main-rachis *75-1 in., with gland between the end pair of leaflets ;
leaflets very large, of upper pinne 3—4-jugate, distal 6-8 in. long, 2°0-3 in.
wide, of proximal 3 in. long, 2 in. wide ; leaflets of lower pinne usually
2-jugate, distal 4 in. long, 15 in. wide, lowest 2 in. long, 1 in. wide, the
leaflets often unequally-jugate on the corresponding pinne of the same
leaf, elliptic-oblong, apex rather abruptly pointed, base rounded, glabrous
on both surfaces, bright green shining above, paler dull beneath; petio-
lules glabrous, *25 in. long, lateral nerves 5-8 pairs, ascending. Flowers
in very small 2—5-fld. heads ‘2 in. or less across, on short tawny-puberu-
lous peduncles ‘25-35 in. long, solitary or 2-3 vertically superposed
above the axils of bracts with a large gland, on subcompressed branch-
lets 1°5-6 in. long, also 2-3 vertically superposed above the axils of larger
bracts ‘25-6 in. long with a large sessile gland and small rudimentary
leaflets; the branches of each axil diminishing downwards; branches
themselves similarly disposed on a subcompressed tawny-pubescent
main-rachis as a terminal panicle 16-20 in. long, 6-12 in. wide. Calyz
campanulate, tawny-pubescent, ‘05 in. long, teeth short obtuse. Corolla
yellow, silky, ‘15 in. long, teeth ovate-lanceolate nearly as long as
tube. Filaments united at base ina thick short ring, yellowish, ‘2 in.
_ long, shortly exserted. Ovary with a short stipe as long as staminal
tube. Pod spirally twisted, 3-7 in. long, dehiscent along the lower
suture, 1:25 in. wide, valves firmly coriaceous, glabrous, dull, dark-
green, at length becoming yellow externally, orange within. Seeds 3-7,
oblong, *8 in. long, ‘6 in, wide, ‘4 in. thick, testa thin, crustaceous, dark-
purple, smooth, shining; without arillus. Inga elliptica Bl. Cat. Gew.
Buitenz. 88; Ind. Kew. I, 1216. Inga Jiringa Wall. Cat. 5268 not
of Jack. Inga Clypearia Wall. Cat, 5270 B. not of Jack, Pzthecolobium
fasciculatwum Benth. Hook. Lond, Journ. Bot. III, 208 ?; Mig. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, 33; Bak. in Flor. Brit, Ind. II, 304. Albizzia fasciculata
Kurz, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLY, 2. 129, excl, syn. Puthecolobium
macrophyllum Teysm. & Binnend.

-Nicopars; Kamorta, Kurz! Kenan; Pulo Songsong, Curtis 2604!
Panang; Pulo Chugu, Ridley 2637! Matacca; Griffith! Goodenough
1894! Maingay 571! 578! Perak; Wray 542! 2666! 4171! Scortechins
270

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. ee

1159! 1790! Kunstler 2326! 8331! 3771! 4799! 4822! 5674! 6637!
10104! Prenane; fide Baker. Sinaapors, fide Baker. Distris. Borneo
(fide Miquel) ; Jove! and Sumatra!

A very common species for which none of our English collectors have cited
a Malay name; Hasskarl and Miquel give the Javanese name as “ Kitjang.””

This is certainly the P. fasciewlatum alike of Baker and of Miquel and is the
Albizzia fasciculata of Kurz. Mr. Baker moreover quotes Wall. Cat. 5268—the
basis of Bentham’s species, and Wall. Cat. 5270 B. from Singapore as the same.
There is unfortunately no example of either of these Wallichian numbers at Cal-
cutta though there ure examples both of the Griffithian and the Maingayan Malacca
sheets named P, fasciculatum by Mr. Bentham himself. The original description
given by Mr. Bentham states that the pinns of P. fasciculatum are 1-jugate, and the
account of the species being incomplete in other respects it seems better to treat the
identity of Bentham’s plant with Hasskarl’s one as doubtful. As regards Hasskarl’s
plant no dubiety is possible; his description is very complete and accurate and
there is besides an authentic example of his species in the Calcutta Herbarium.
Since in any case Hasskarl’s name conserves the oldest specific epithet, it may be
better to continue its use even if it should turn out that Bentham’s P. fasciculatwm
is really the same thing.

Mr. Kurz’s identification of P. macrophyllum T. & B., with this species cannot
be sustained, for Teysmann’s tree is a very distinct one with pods lobed as in P.
lobatum though with leaves very different from those of P. lobatum ; the leaflets while
much larger than, considerably resemble those of P. ellipticum. Mr. Kurz’s notice of
P. macrophyllum T. & B., in 1876, appears to be the earliest mention of the plant.
As another species from America, P. macrophyllwm Spruce, was published in 1875, it
is necessary to re-name Teysmann’s plant P. Teysmannit.

By a lapsus calami the Index Kewensis gives Inga elliptica Bl. as the name,
Pithecolobium ellipticum Hassk. as a synonym, for our species; the reverse is the
actual state of affairs. The tree has not been sent to Calcutta from Penang or
from Singapore during recent years.

9. PirnecoLtopium Kunstiert Prain. A tree 20-80 feet high, with
spreading branches ; branchlets slightly pubescent, stem 8-12 in. thick,
bark brown. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate, rachis puberulous 1°5-2°5 in.
long, with 1 or 2 large elliptic glands some distance below the bases of the
1 or 2 pairs of pinne; rachises of terminal pinnz 4 in. long with large
glands some distance below the bases of the 3 pairs of leaflets, basal
rachises when present ‘5 in. long with a gland some distance below
the 1-jugate leaflets; leaves in the inflorescence sometimes small with
short l-jugate pinne and small 1-jugate leaflets; leaflets ovate with
rounded bases and rather long caudate-acuminate blunt apices, pale
yellowish-green, glabrous shining above, dull uniformly sparsely ad-
pressed-puberulous beneath, distal pair 3-45 in. long, 1-2 in. wide,
proximal 1-2 in. long, ‘5-1 in. wide; those of the basal pinne 1:5-2°5
in. long, 1-1°5 in. wide ; petiolules puberulous, °15 in. long. Flowers in
4-8-fld. heads *5-"75 in. across, on puberulous pedicels ‘5 in. long, sparse- -
ly racemose, singly or 2-3 together in axils of bracts or subumbellate or

271

272 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

corymbose at the ends of branchlets 1-2 in. long, disposed in tax terminal
panicles extending into the upper leaf-axils, 6-12 in. long, 4-8 in. wide.
Calyx sessile, tubular, ‘15 in. long, densely pubescent externally, teeth
short triangular; the bracteoles small spathulate, pubescent. Corolla
white, ‘5 in. long. densely silky externally, tube narrowly funnel-shaped,
teeth lanceolate ‘12 in. long. Filaments at base united in a white tube
puberulous outside, as long as that of corolla, free portion glabrous
bright-yellow, 1:25 in. long. Ovary very long, stipitate, pubescent. Pod
with a puberulous stipe ‘75 in. long, dehiscent along the lower suture,
spirally twisted, 8-10 in. long, ‘6 in. wide; valves thinly coriaceous
puberulous, not sinuate between the seeds. Seeds 8-10, ovate, their long
axis parallel with sutures, °7 in. long, ‘4 in. wide, compressed, testa pale-
brown, crustaceous, shining.

Perak; at low elevations, Kunstler 7875! Scortechini 178! JoHORE;
Lake & Kelsall 4072! Distris. Borneo. -

A very distinct species; more nearly related to the Indian P. bigeminwm than
to any Malayan species but easily distinguished by its large florets and its long-
stipitate pod. .

10. PriraecoLoBium contorTuM Mart. in Flora XX, 2. Beibl. 115.
A tree 15-30 feet high, with spreading grey-pubescent terete or slightly
compressed branches, stem 4-6 in. thick, bark dark-brown. Leaves
evenly 2-pinnate; rachis terete, pubescent, 4-8 in. long, petiolar portion
2 in. long with a large gland below the middle, foliar portion with 1-4
small glands below as many pairs of pinne ; pinne usually 5-8-jugate,
sometimes as few as 3-jugate, rarely as many as 15-jugate, rachises with
1-2 small sessile glands below bases of end-pairs of leaflets, diminish-
ing downwards, the distal 4-6 in. long, the basal 1°5-2 in.; leaflets of
upper pinne 15-20-jugate, of lowest 9-10-jugate, oblong or trapezoid,
obtuse or subacute at upper angle, base obliquely unilaterally trun-
cate, upper and lower margins subparallel, main nerve diagonal; rigidly
papery, pale-green puberulous above, pubescent beneath, *5—-75 in. long,
"25-35 in. wide, petiolules 0. Flowers in terminal and axillary simple
deltoid panicles 1 foot across, with slender main-rachis 8—20 in. long, °
the filiform pubescent branches 3-8 in. long, bracts smalJl lanceolate,
pedicels puberulous ‘25-4 in. long, the sessile florets scattered or sub-
aggregated near their tips in the axils of small acute puberulous brac-
teoles. Calyx ‘05 in, campanulate, puberulous, teeth triangular. Corolla
greenish-white, glabrous, ‘15 in. long, teeth lanceolate spreading, almost
as long as tube. Filaments united below in a tube as long as that of
corolla, free portion cream-coloured, ‘35 in. long. Ovary faintly pu-
berulous, stipitate. Pod 6-8 in. long, 5—7 in. wide, spirally twisted,
dehiscing along the lower suture; valves firmly. coriaceous, finely pu- }

272 '

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. — 273

berulous externally, bright orange, within smooth, vermilion, stipe 2 in.
long; slightly sinuate between seeds on lower margin. Seeds 8-10,
ovate, with long axis across the pod, ‘35 in long, ‘25 in. wide, ‘2 in.
thick, testa dark-purple, thin, crustaceons. Benth. in Hook. Lond,
Journ. Bot. III, 210; Bak. in Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 305. Inga contorta
Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5283. Inga Finlaysoniana Grah. in Wall. Cat.
5284.

Kenan; Ieidley 5223! Penane; Porter (Wall. Cat. 5283)! Stolizka!
Curtis 19! 2641 Manacca; Girifith 1941! Matngay 573! Hervey! Derry
149! Perak; Scortechini 1658! 1899! Wray 2636! 4249! Kunstler
1010! 3775! 3889! Singapore; Finlayson.

Nearest P. Clypearia but very easily distinguished by its terete branches and
its sessile glands, as well as by its sessile florets.

11. Prirneconoprum Crypearta Benth. in Hook. Lond, Journ. Bot.
ITT, 209. A treé 25-30 feet high with spreading brown-pubescent angu-
lar branches, bark dark-brown. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate ; rachis angular,
puberulous, 2-7 in. long, petiolar portion 1-15 in. lony with a large
shortly stipitate gland just above base, foliar portion with small dis-
tinctly stalked glands just below each pair of pinne except the lowest,
pinne usually 3-6- (rarely 6-10-) jugate, their rachises with small
stipitate glands between each pair of leaflets except the lowest,
diminishing downwards, distal 5-6 in. long, basal 1°5-2 in. long; leaflets
of upper pinnse 5-7-jugate, of lowest 3-4-jugate, trapeziform, wide-
triangular at upper angle, base obliquely unilaterally truncate ov
rounded, upper and lower margins subparallel, main nerve diagonal ;
rigidly papery, dark-green glabrous or faintly puberulous shining above,
glaucous with scattered adpressed hairs beneath, terminal 1°5 in. long,
‘75 in. wide, lowest ‘5 in. long, ‘3in. wide; petiolules 0. lowers in small
subumbellate corymbs ‘35-4 in. across, on short peduncles 3-5 in. long,
solitary or 2-3 vertically superposed above the axils of bracts with a
large gland, on angular branchlets 3-4 in. long similarly disposed on the
angular main-rachis but with the bracts reduced to an angled petiolule
bearing a large bract at its tip; pedicels of florets ‘1 in. long, slender,
puberulons, their bracteoles minute or obsolete ; the whole inflorescence
forming a large terminal panicle extending into axils of upper leaves,
15-18 in. long, 10-15 in. wide. Calyx campanulate, 05 in. long, puberu-
lous externally, teeth short deltoid. Corolla white, glabrous, ‘1 in. long,
teeth lanceolate half as long as tube. Filaments united at base ina
tube shorter than that of corolla, free portion white, ‘35 in. long. Ovary

_ puberulous stipitate. Pod spirally twisted, 4-5 in. long, 4 in. wide,

dehiscing along the lower suture, valves thinly coriaceous, orange out-
side, red within, glabrous; stipe ‘15 in. long; distinctly sinuate between
: 273

274 Materials for a Plora of the Maluyan Peninsula.

the seeds on lower margin. “Seeds 8-10, ovate, with long axis across the
pod, ‘25 in. long, *2 in. across, 15 in. thick, testa dark-purple, thin,
crustaceous. Pl. Jungh. 268; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat, I, 35; Bak. in Flor:
Brit. Ind. II, 305. Mimosa trapezifolia Roxb. Hort. Beng. 93; Fl. Ind.
TI, 546. Inga dimidiata Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. 181. Inga
Clypearta Jack, Mal. Miscell. II, 7. 78? ; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. I, 224;
Wall. Cat, 5270A. Se lip rubra Rumph. Herb. Amboin. III, a b.
112? |

Penance; Porter (Wall. Cat. 5270 A)! Curtis 209 | Prov. WEL-
LESLEY; Kunstler 1612! Panane; Ridley 1476! Stncarore; T. Anderson
38! Hullett 58! 5698! Matacca; Griffith! Maingay 570! Hervey!
Perak ; Scortechini 481! 2024! lib 1889! 2643! Distris. Sumatra,
Java, Moluccas, .

- This is apt, when its leaflets are unusually small, to simulate P. contortwm from
which it is, however, easily distinguished by its smaller fruits, its pedicelled florets,
and its terete branchlets. It is also apt, when its leaflets are unusually large, to
simulate P. angulatum; as both have angular branches and pedicelled florets the
only safe diagnostic character is the nature of the glands, especially those on the
partial rachises of the ‘pinne; these glands are stipitate in P, Clypearia, sessile in
P. angulatum.

There is just a trace of doubt as to whether this is Rumphius’ Clypearia rubra
since that author figures no glands, or even that it is Inga Clypearia Jack, since
Jack says there is no petiolar gland on the leaf of his species. Jack’s plant is,
he says, known in Sumatra.as “ Jiring muniet.”

12. PrTHECOLOBIUM ANGULATUM Benth. in: Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot,
III, 306. ‘A:tree 25-30 feet high» with spreading shortly puberulous
angular branches, bark dark-brown. Leaves evenly 2-pinnate; rachis
angular, puberulous, 3-8 in. long; with a large sessile gland °5—"75 in.
above the base and near the middle of the petiolar portion, foliar
portion with ‘smaller sessile glands below the bases of all but the
last pair of pinne set obliquely on the upper truncate ends of sharp-edged
ridges ; pinne 2—4-jugate, their rachises with similar but small. glands
just below each pair ‘of leaflets, the distal 6-7 in., the lowest 1-15 in.
long; ‘leaflets of upper pinnee 5-8-jugate, of lowest 2-3-jugate, all
diminishing downward; terminal leaflets of most of the pinne 3°5-6
im. long, 125-2 in. wide, ovate-lanceolate, gradually tapering to an acute
tip, the base wide-cuneate, the midrib central; the bases of the remainder
progressively more obliquely rounded and the .midribs progres-
sively more diagonal, proximal leaflets 1.in. long, ‘75 in. wide; all
membranous, sparsely puberulous above, softly pubescent beneath when
young; thinly subcoriaceous, dark-green glabrous shining above,
dull puberulous: beneath when mature, lateral nerves 5-7 pairs. rather
prominent beneath; petiolules ‘07 in. long. Flowers in small sub-
umbellate corymbs ‘5 in. across, on short peduncles ‘75 in. long, fascicled

274

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 275

in axils of small gland-bearing bracts on angular branchlets 4-10 in.
jong, themselves fascicled in axils of bracts with a large basal gland and
a foliar simply-pinnate rudimentary lamina, so as to: form a terminal
panicle extending into axils of upper leaves, 15-20 in. long, 12-18 in,
wide; pedicels of florets ‘2-25 in. long, bracteoles minute or obsolete.
Calyx puberulous, campanulate, ‘05 in. long, teeth short acute. Corolla
pale-yellow or white, ‘2 in. long, tube infundibuliform, teeth lanceolate
half as long; uniformly sparingly silky... Staments united in a tube
nearly as long as that of corolla, filaments white or faintly tinged with
pink, “5 in. long: .Qvary puberulous, shortly stalked. Pod spirally
twisted, 7-8 in. long, ‘7 in. wide, dehiscing along the lower suture,
valves firmly coriaceous, red opposite the seeds elsewhere orange and
puberulous externally, red and glabrous within; distinctly sinuate
between the seeds on the lower margin, stipe very short. Seeds 8-10,
ovate-oblong, .°6 in. long, ‘35 in. wide, ‘2 in. thick, testa dark-purple,
dull, thin, crustaceous. Maiq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 34; Bak. in Flor. Brit.
Ind. IT, 306. Mimosa heterophylla Roxb. Hort. Beng. 40; Flor. Ind. II,
045. Inga acutangula Grah. in Wall. Cat. 5271. Pithecolobium acut-
angulum Mig. Flor. Ind Bat. Suppl. 282. .

ANDAMANS; very common, Nicopars; King’s Collector! Penane;
Wallick 5270 C! Curtis 489! Matacca ; tise ry 552! 971! Mdingay 569 !
Perak; Scortechint! Wray 1102! Senancor; Kunstler 8669! Stvea-
PorE; Pullett 802! Itidley 5576! 6497! Goodenough 289! Distris.
Eastern Himalaya, Assam, Burma, Sumatra.

A rather variable species, with two leading types, hardly, however, to be
distinguished even as varieties owing to the number of intermediate forms that
occur. Of these, (a.) heterophylla—the original plant of Roxburgh with large
terminal leaflets— extends from the Himalaya to Chittagong, the Andamans aud
Sumatra, This is very uniform in character and constitutes both Inga acutangula
Grah. (Wall. Cat. 5271), and Pithecolobium acutangulum Migq., although it happens
that Miquel when describing P. acutangulum conceived it to be different from Inga
acutangula. The other plant, (8.) tintermedia—with smaller terminal leaflets and .
usually more numerous pinne and leaflets —extends from Upper Burma east of the
Irrawaday though the Shan Plateau to Tenasserim, the Malay Peninsula and Java.
This is less uniform than the preceding and often has leaflets so like those of P.
Clypearia that it can only be safely distinguished by its longer pedicels and sessile *_
glands. This is the plant of Wall. Cat. 5270 C, from Penang, and is the Pithecolobium
angulatum of Miquel as opposed to that author’s P. acutangulum. P. angulatum
Benth., like P. angulatum as defined in this paper, includes both plants.

OrveR XXXIX. ROSACEA.

: Herbs, shrubs or trees. Leaves stipulate, rarely opposite, simple
or compound. Flowers usually bisexual and regular (very irregular in
Chrysobalanex). Calya-tube free or ee pai to Sy ovary, limb usually —
Bae | (275

276 Materiuls for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

5-lobed, often bracteolate, imbricate or valvate. Petals 5, or 0, inserted
under the margin of the disc, deciduous, usually imbricate. Diése
linivg the calyx-tube or forming a ring at its base. Stamens perigy~
nous, indefinite (rarely 1, 5 or 10) in one or many series, often connate
and unilateral in Chrysobalanex ; filaments subulate or filiform, usually
incurved iu bud; anthers small, didymous. Ovary of one or more free
or connate carpels, with free or connate basal lateral-or subterminal
styles; stigmas simple, penicillate or capitate; ovules 1 or more in
each carpel. Fruit variable, consisting of achenes or berries or drupes,
rirely capsular. Seeds erect or pendulous, testa membranous or coria-
ceous, albumen OQ; cotyledons large, plano-convex; radicle short.—
Disrris. About 1,200 species, found in all climates and countries, but
chiefly in the temperate.

Of the ten tribes into which this order is subdivided by Messrs. Bentham
and Hooker in their Genera Plantarum, only four are (as yet) represented by speci-
mens from the Provinces within our area, and these four tribes are represented by
only six genera which Sir Joseph Hooker (in his Flora of British India) distin-
guishes as follows :—

‘Tribe I. Carysosatanrz. Flowers usually irregular. Carpel
1; style basal; ovules 2, ascending. Fruit a drupe. Radicle
inferior — Trees or shrubs with simple quite entire leaves.
Calyx- tube" elongate. Stamens many, united in a phalange.
Ovary 2-locellate us ie és PARINARIUM.
Calyx-tube short. Stamens 2. Ovary I-celled ... .. 2 PARASTEMON,

Tribe TI. PRruNEm. Flowers regular. Carpel 1, rarely 2;
style subterminal, rarely basal; ovules 2, pendulous. Radicle
superior.— Trees or shrubs with simple usually serrated leaves.

Calyx 5-lobed. Petals 5, large, glabrous. Carpel solitary, fruit

[onl

drupaceous... aa x. ay .. 3. PRUNUS.
Calyx 5-10-toothed, Petals 5 and minute, or absent. Carpel Q
1. Drupe coriaceous, usually elongated transversely . 4 PYGEUM.

Tribe III. Rusem. Flowers regular. Calyx ebracteolate. Sta-

mens very numerous. Carpels many ; styles sub-basal or ventral ;

ovules 2, collateral, pendulous, Fruit of many dry or fleshy

carpels, not included in the calyx-tnbe. Radicle abt

Usually shrubs, often with compound leaves van 5. Rusus.
Tribe IV. Pomem. Flowers regular. Calyz-tube (or the apex

of the peduncle) becoming fleshy after flowering, and enclosing

the carpels. Stamens numerous. Ovules 2 or more, ascending.

Fruit a pome or berry, with 2-5 bony or coriaceous 1-seeded

stones; shrubs or trees oe Bas ses oss (0, TRO,

1. Parinaricm, Juss.
y]

Trees. Leaves simple, alternate, evergreen, quite entire. Flowers
hermaphrodite, in panicles or corymbose racemes, 2-bracteolate, white
or pink. Calyzx-iube oblong, campanulate, turbiuate, or funnel-shaped ;

276

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsuia. 277

lobes 5, thick, subequal, imbricate. Petals 5, sessile or clawed, decidu-
ous. Stamens 6-30, the filaments united into an incomplete ring at
the base, or connate into an unilateral bundle, all perfect or some with-
out anthers. Carpel 1, adnate to one side of the calyx-tube, 2-celled,
rarely 2-seeded; style basal, filiform; ovules 2 collateral, or 1 erect.
Drupe spherical, oblong, obovoid or ovoid, with a 1-2-celled, 1-2-seeded,
woody or bony or rarely coriaceous pericarp. Seeds erect, testa mem-
branous, cotyledons large fleshy, radicle small inferior. Duistrris. About
50 species, natives of the tropics of both worlds.
Calyx-tabe villous inside. Fruit 2-celled, more than ‘5 in.
long ; the pericarp woody, bony or crustaceous.
Leaves rasty-grey or dirty white beneath, with numerous
spreiding prallel stout nerves; stamens 8-10, not
united in a phalange.
Leaves with 10-12 pairs of main nerves, rusty-

pubescent beneath ... of ase w. Ll. P. costatum.
Leaves with 15-18 pairs of main nerves, es areo-
late and puberulous beneath ... 2. P. polyneurum.

Leaves with 25-30 pairs of main nerves, eer ee
liquely areolar and puberulous on the nerves beneath... 3. P. oblongifolium.
Leaves glabrous beneath or with only a few strigose hairs
on the midrib near its base; main nerves 10-16 pairs, F
always spreading.
Flowers in spikes, sessile, solitary.
Stamens about 10; fruit about 1 in. in diam. wo» 4 P. spicatum.
Stamens 12-16; fruit several inches in diam. . OO P. Maingayt.
Flowers in racemes or panicles.
Leaves subsessile with broad bases; main nerves
12-14 pairs ; fruit ovoid, not compressed coe 6G. P. elatum.
Leaves distinctly petiolate.
Leaves oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at the base;

stamens 10 = he 7. P.asperulum.
Leaves elliptic-oblong, broad at the finhsh ; bepiticien
12-16 ae 8. P. scabrum.

Leaves quite glabrous on both erie 3; Main nerves 5-7
(rarely 10) pairs, obliquely ascending, never spreading.
Flowers straight ; petals subequal.
Main nerves of leaves 6or7 pairs; fruit covered
with crustaceous scurf, its cells glabrous inside «. 9. P. Kunstleri.
Main nerves 7-10 pairs; fruit quite glabrous, its
cells sericeous inside ee wien «. 10. P. Grifithianum.
Flowers much curved; sepals and petals very unequal 11. P. heteropetalum.
Calyx-tube glabrous aud lined by the glabrous staminal |
tube ; fruit less than ‘5 in. long, quite glabrous; the pericarp
thin, leathery... we —-_ ose oo. 12. P.? nitidum.

1. PartNariuM costatuM, Blume Mel. Bot. (1855) Pt. 1. A small

tree; young branches slender, deciduously puberulous, the bark pale
. 277

-

278 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

and minutely lenticellate. Leaves coriaceous, ovate-elliptic or ovate-
lanceolate, shortly and obtusely acuminate, the base rounded or cuneate;
upper surface glabrous and shining except the pubescent midrib, the
lower pale brown when dry, reticulate and covered, except the 10 or 12
pairs of conspicuous slizhtly ascending glabrous main nerves, with a
thin layer of cobwebby hair; length 1-5-3 in., breadth "75-1°25 in. ; petiole
‘25 in., pubescent. Panicles axillary, longer than the leaves, with a few
distant short few-flowered branches, tawny-tomentose. Flowers nearly
-25 in. long, on short pedicels, solitary or in cymes of three... Calya-tube
densely puberulous outside, internally with a line of subulate processes at
the throat and a broad belt of deflexed silky hair, the ovate lobes
shorter than the tube. Petals thin, obovate, clawed, longer than tlie
calyx-lobes, sparsely pubescent. Stumens about 8, half of them anan-
therous, the filaments villous. Pistil 1, the ovary villous. Fruit oblong,
blunt, slightly compressed, with many pale scurfy patches, slightly
more than 1 in. long and ‘65 in. broad. Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. Vol. I, Pt.
1, 354; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 311 (excl. syn. P. swumatranum, Benth.
and Kurz’s Petrocarpa swmatrana) ; Jack Mal. Mise. I], VII, 67. Elzo-
carpus? punctatus, Wall. Cat, 2676.

Matuacca; Maingay 621, 621/2. Penana; Curtis 259, 2163, Perak;
King’s Collector 5227. SincarorEe; Ridley 398.

2. PariNaRIUM POQLYNEURUM, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 306. A
tree 60 to 100 feet high; young branches slender, pale brown, profusely
lenticellate, puberulous. Leaves coriaceous, oblong or ovate-oblong,
rather bluntly acuminate; the base rounded, eglandular; upper sur-
face glabrous, shining; the lower pale, areolate, puberulous; main
nerves 15 to 18 pairs, spreading, prominent beneath; length 3 to 5 in.,
breadth 1°35 to 2 in. Panicles axillary and einen or terminal and
in clusters of 2-4, rather shorter than the leaves when in flower,
longer in fruit, hoary-tomentose ; the branches short, rather crowded, the
ultimate branchlets cymosely 3-flowered; bract shorter than the calyx-
tube, oblong, obliquely acute, tomentose. lowers ‘25 in. long, on very
short pedicels. Calyx infundibuliform, tomentose outside, deflexed-
villous inside ; the lobes lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent on the inner
face. Petals as long as the calyx-lobes, oblong, slightly dilated up-
wards, obtuse, not clawed at the base, glabrous. Stamens 10, shorter
than the petals, allbearing anthers. Ovary sericeous. Style glabrous.
Fruit oblong, compressed, obtuse, slightly tapered to the base, covered
with a dense layer of tawny scurf, about 2 in. long when ripe and 1:2
in. across, 2-celled ; pericarp crustaceous, very hard, ‘25 in. thick.

MALAcca ; Grifith, Maingay 622. Perak; King’s Collector 4624,
6087. cree Sumatra. :

278

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 279°

3. ParINaRIuM OBLONGIFoLIUM Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 309. A
tree 50-70 feet high; young branches lenticellate, deciduously puberu-
lous. Leaves very coriaceous, oblong- or oblong-elliptic, the apex sub-
acute, the base rounded ; upper surface glabrous and shining, the lower
pale. with oblique areolae, puberulous on the nerves.and midrib; main
nerves 25-30 pairs, stout, oblique, rather straight; length 5: 5-8 5 in.,
breadth 185-3 in.; petiole -35-65 in., stout. Punicles axillary ea
terminal, solitary, D ecalaraned. spreading, minutely tawny-tomentose,
3-6 in. across. Flowers *2 in. long, on very short pedicels; bracts
ovate-rotund, concave, acute, tomentose. Calya-tube infundibuliform,
subgibbous, minutely tomentose outside, deflexed-villous inside, lobes
broadly ovate, acute. Petals not longer than the calyx-lobes, spathulate,
glabrous. Stamens 8, about as long as the petals. Ovary villous; style
sparsely pubescent. fruit elliptic-ovoid, obtuse, compressed, densely
coated with grey hard scurf, 2°75 in. long and 1°5 in. in diam.

Matacca; Grifith, Maingay 623. Panane; Ridley 5026. Perak;
King’s Galiasiey 10369, 10422.

A species readily distinguished by its large oblong fruit, large ee with
numerous parallel nerves prominent on the lower surface, and small flowers with the
stamens and petals not longer than the calyx-lobes. It approaches P. swmatranum,
Miq. in its leaves, but the under-surface in that species is uniformly and minutely
tomentose, whereas in this the under surface has very peculiar oblique areolae and
there is no tomentum. ‘The fruits of the two differ also in size.

4, Parinarium spicatum, King, n. sp. <A tree 60 to 80 feet high ;
branches slender; dark-coloured, puberulous. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-
ovate, shortly and broadly acuminate, the base rounded but slightly pro-
duced along the sides of the upper half of the petiole; both surfaces
reticulate when dry ; the upper glabrous, shining; the lower slightly dull
and paler, minutely pustulate, glabrous except the sparsely strigose mid-
rib ; main nerves about 12 pairs, spreading, faint ; length 2-3 in., breadth ©
‘85-1'6 in., petiole ‘1 in. Spvkes axillary and terminal, about as long as
the leaves, in clusters of 2 or 3, everywhere tawny-pubescent with many
adpressed hairs iutermixed. Flowers ‘5 in. long, solitary, rather dis-
tant, sessile, bibracteate at the base ; the bracts much shorter than the
flower, oblong, subacute, tomentose, Calya-tube narrowly funnel-shaped,
slightly gibbous, tomentose outside, deflexed-villous in its upper part
inside; its lobes broadly oblong, obtuse, deflexed. Petals longer’ than
the calyx-lobes, broadly elliptic, very obtuse, glabrous. Stamens about
10, longer than the petals, shorter than the pistil ; the filaments glab-
rous, united at the very base. Ovuvy seviceous ; style sparsely hairy in
its lower half, otherwise glabrous. Fruit about 1 in. in diam., sub- —
orbicular, slightly compressed, densely covered with a yellowish crusta-
ceous scurf, 2-celled ; the pericarp ‘2 in, thick, tomentose inside.

279

280 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
Perak; King’s Collector 6145, 10326.

This approaches P. costatum, Bl. in the shape and nervation of its leaves; but
is distinguished from that species by its spicate inflorescence and solitary flowers.
Its fruit also is more orbicular than that of P. costatum.

5. Partnarium Marncayi, King n. spec. A tree; young branches
with dark bark bearing a few oblong lenticels, glabrous. Leaves very
coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, very shortly and obtusely acuminate, the
base rounded; both surfaces glabrous and with minutely papillate
reticulations, the upper shining, the lower dull and rather pale; main
nerves 10-12 pairs, spreading, curving, rather prominent beneath ;
length 3-45 in, breadth 1°35-2 in.; petiole °3 in., stout. Spikes
usually in pairs, axillary, shorter than the leaves, pedunculate, minutely
tomentose. Flowers sessile, ‘3 in. long, or (to the apex of the stamens)
‘6 in.; bracts shorter than the calyx-tube, broadly ovate-obtuse, tomen-
tose. “Caleta infundibuliform, tomentose outside, deflexed-villous

inside; the lobes short, broad, rounded very obtuse. Petals longer

than the calyx-lobes, obovate, sessile, glaberulous. Stamens 12-16,
much longer than the petals, decurved. Ovary densely wooly; style
long, slender. Drupe spherical, the size of a small apple (Hooker) ;
the pericarp thick and bony, smooth on the inner surface, furrowed
on one side. Seed large, with, a thin texta. P. asperulum, Hook. fil.
in F]. Br. Ind. IT, 310 (not of Miq.)

Maracca; Maingay 618, and probably also Griffith 2049.

This in some respects resembles P. asperulum and P. scabrtim, but differs from
both in its much larger fruit and sessile flowers, and from the former also in the
venation of its leaves.

6. Partnarium ELATUM, King n. spec. A tree 60-120 feet high ;
young branches as thick as a quill, blackish-cinereous, lenticellate.
Leaves thickly coriaceous, subsessile, elliptic to ovate-elliptic, acute or
shortly acuminate; the base broad, rounded or minutely cordate; upper
surface glabrous, shining, the main nerves and midrib slightly promi-
nent; lower surface darker and duller than the upper when dry, glab-
rous except a few strigose hairs at the base of the very prominent
midrib; the 12-14 pairs of spreading curved main nerves very promi-
nent; length 4°5-7°5 in., breadth, 1:5-3°25 in. ; petiole only about ‘15 in.,
strigose. Panicles axillary, solitary or several together, shorter than the
leaves, with few short rather distant branches, or unbranched, minutely
tomentose, few-flowered; bracts 2 at the base of each flower, slightly

shorter than the calyx-tube, elliptic, acute, adpressed-pubescent. Calyx. -

tube funnel-shaped, adpressed-tomentose outside, deflexed-villous inside

at the mouth; the lobes unequal, nearly as long as the tube, broadly

ovate, subacute, very tomentose on both surfaces. Petals longer and
280

Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peiinsula. 281

-

more narrowed than the calyx-lobes, subacute, glabrous. Stamens
longer than the petals, glabrous. Ovary sericeous, the style glabrous in
its upper half. Fruit ovoid, not compressed, crustaceous-scurfy outside,
pale-brown, 2-celled, 1:15 in. long and ‘8 in. in diam. ; the pericarp
crustaceous, *2 in. thick, minutely hairy inside.

Perak ;, King’s Collector, 3436, 3711.

A species resembling P. oblongifoliwm, Hook. fil. in its leaves which however
hhave fewer nerves ; but differing greatly from that species both in its inflorescence
and flowers.

7. PaRINaRium AspeRULUM, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 307. A tree
50-80 feet high; young branches slender, with dark-coloured bark and
a few scanty aoauhudne pale flexuous hairs. Leaves thinly coriaceous,
oblong-lanceolate, tapering gradually to the obtusely acuminate apex ;
the blade narrowed slightly to the base and continued along the sides
of the upper half of the short petiole; both surfaces glabrous and with
minute pitted papille, the lower paler and more reticulate; main.
nerves 10-16 pairs, faint, spreading ; length 3-5'5 in., breadth 1-1°65 in.,
petiole ‘25 in. Racemes or panicles axillary or terminal, solitary, half
as long as the leaves, minutely tomentose; the flowers about ‘3 in. long,
(‘6 in. to the apex of the exserted stamens) ; the pedicels ‘1 in. long
bracts at the base of the flower 2, obtuse, tomentose. Calyx densely
tomentose ; the tube clavate, deflexed-pilose inside; the lobes broadly
ovate, subacute, imbricate. Petals longer than the calyx-lobes, obovate-
oblong, not clawed, glabrous. Stamens about 10; the filaments glab-
rous, united at the base. Ovary densely and the style sparsely villous.
Fruit sub-ovoid, compressed, very obtuse, with a vertical groove along
the two sides, minutely rugulose and densely covered with hard pale-
brown scurf, nearly 1 in. long and ‘6 in. broad, 2-celled ; pericarp thick,
bony, hairy inside.

Penance; Ourtis, 203. Panane; Ridley, 2603. Perak; King’s Col-
lector, 3537, 7568. Dusrris. Sumatra. |

There is an original and authentic specimen of P. asperulum in the Calcutta
Herbarium collected by Teysmann in Sumatra, and it agrees absolutely with the
Penang and Perak specimens above quoted. The species is near to P. scabrum,
Hassk., but has fewer stamens and smaller and differently shaped leaves. The ripe
fruit is also presumably much smaller, for specimens of unripe fruit of P. scabrum
are as large as specimens of ripe fruit of this species.

8. Parrnarium scaprom, Hassk. Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. (1844), 269.
A tall tree ; young branches dark-coloured and with a few scattered hairs. —
Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, shortly and bluntly acuminate; the
base broad, rounded or very slightly cuneate, eglandular; both surfaces
glabrous, shining, strongly but minutely reticulate, and with numerous
small perforate-topped papille especially on the reticulations; main.

281

282 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

nerves 13-15 pairs, slender, spreading, with a few shorter intermediate ;
length 4-6 in.,‘breadth 1°75-2°75 in., petiole "2 in. Panicles (sometimes
reduced to racemes) axillary and terminal, often two or three together,
much shorter than the leaves, adpressed-pubescent; the flowers not
numerous, collected near the ends of the branches; bracts oblong, ob-
tuse, pubescent, shorter than the calyx-tube. Flowers (from the point of
insertion) *5 or °6 in. long; the calyx-tube merged in the pedicel,
clavate, pubescent outside, deflexed-villous inside. Cualyz-lobes ovate-
rotund, undulate, subacute, imbricate, minutely tomentose on both
surfaces. Petals larger than the calyx-lobes, obovate, clawed, glabres-
cent. Stamens 12-16; the filaments united at the base into a tube open
at one side, much curved, deflexed. Ovary lanate, 2-celled. Style
sparsely pubescent, shorter than the stamens. Fruit ovoid, obtuse, slight-
ly compressed, vertically grooved, rough and covered with pale scurf;
pericarp bony, thick, 2-celled, the cells pubescent, 1 in. long and °6
in. broad (not ripe). Hassk. in Flora (1844), p. 585. Mig. Fl. Ind.
Bat. Vol. I, pt. I, 354 t. V.
Perak; Scortechini 1981.

Only once collected in Perak. This species is very closely allied to P. glaber-
rimum, Hassk. and I greatly doubt whether the two should be kept separate. The
latter species is described at great length by Hasskarl in the volume of Flora for
1844, p. 583; but I have seen only one authentic specimen, and that consists only of
leaves. P. scabrwm, on the other hand, is described by Hasskarl in nine words: but
of it there are in the Calcutta Herbarium several excellent authentic flowering
specimens. And with these Scortechini’s specimens numbered 1981 agree absolutely.

9. Parinarium Konsrieri, King n. spec. A tree 50-80 feet high;
young branches slender, cinereous, glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, oblong-
lanceolate, tapering from about the middle to each end, the apex
acuminate; the base acute, eglandular; both surfaces glabrous and
rather dull, the lower with wide slightly conspicuous reticulations and
minute papille; main nerves 6 or 7 pairs, curving upwards, only slightly
conspicuous on the lower surface ; length 3°25-4°5 in., breadth 1-15—
1:65 in., petiole ‘25-3 in.,; lobes of the calyx oblong, obtuse, tomentose
on both surfaces. Petals longer than the calyx-lobes, obtuse, glabrous.
Stamens about 20 or 30, glabrous; the filaments united by their bases,
longer than the petals. Style as long as the stamens, villous. rmit
oblong, ovoid, slightly compressed, obtuse, tapering slightly to the base,
1:25 in. long and about ‘9 in. broad, 2-celled, densely covered with pale-
brown crustaceous scurf; pericarp crustaceous, smooth inside.

Perak; King’s Collector 3715, 3745, 6917.

I have seen no specimens of this in flower. The description of the parts
of the flower above given has been taken from withered remains found persisting
at the base of some of the ripe fruits. In its leaves this resembles P. asperulum,

282

Materials far @ Flora ofthe Malayan Peninula «2883

Miq:, but there are only 6 or 7 pairs of nerves as against 10-16 pairs in that
species. The fruits of this are moreover slightly larger and much more globular,
and the interior of the cells is glabrous; whereas in those of P. asperulwm the
eells are hairy inside.

10. Parinartum GRiFFITHIanuM, Benth. in Hook. Niger Flora, 334.
A large tree (Curtis) ; young branches rather stout, with dark lenti-
cellate bark. Leaves coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate,
caudate-acuminate, narrowed at the base to the short petiole; both
surfaces glabrous, the upper very polished, the lower duller; main
nerves 7-10 pairs, curving upwards, faint; length 3°5-6 in., breadth
1:22:25 in., petiole °25-35 in. Punicles axillary and terminal, peduncu-
late, longer than the leaves, pyramidal, nearly glabrous, the branches
sparsely-flowered; bracts, if any, deciduous (not seen). Flowers ‘5 in.
long, on short pedicels. Calyx-tube narrowly funnel-shaped, hoary-
pubescent, the lobes rotund. Petals broadly oblong, concave, sub-
glabrous, about as long as the calyx-lobes. Stamens 20-30; the fila-
ments longer than the petals, united at the base into a short tube.
Ovary very tomentose; the style longer than the stamens, glabrous.
Fruit narrowly ellipsoid or slightly obovoid, blunt, glabrous, 2-celled,
about 1:5 in. long and °75 in. in diam.; pericarp crustaceous, ‘15 in.
thick, lined with dense silky pubescence. Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 310.
P. multiflorwm, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Vol. I, Pt. 1, 356. Maranthes multi-
flora, Korth. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Bot. 259, t. 70.

Matacca; Grifith 2047/2; Maingay 620. Panane; Ridley 1354.
Kepau; Curtis. Singapore; Ridley 4792, Penang; Curtis 1514, 2416.

Griffith’s specimen 2047/2,. which is the type of the species, has more
polished leaves and an opener panicle than the other specimens quoted above. But
I can detect no difference in the flowers. Griffith’s specimen has no fruit, and the
whole material is imperfect. It may turn out that there are really two species
included under P. Griffithianwmn.

11. PaRINARIUM HETEROPETALUM, Scortechini MSS. A tree 60-80
feet high ; young branches rather slender and with rather rough cinereous
glabrous bark. Leaves coriaceous, eglandular, oblong-lanceolate, taper-
ing from the middle to both ends, the apex acuminate, the base acute ;
both surfaces glabrous, rather dull when dry, the lower very minutely
punctate; main nerves faint on both surfaces, 5 or 6 pairs, oblique,
ascending ; length 3°5-4°5 in., breadth 1-1°6 in., petiole ‘35 in., stout.
Panicles axillary and terminal, about one-third to one-half as long as
the leaves, with short branches, everywhere rusty-pubescent; bract at
the base of the flowers solitary, lanceolate, tomentose. lowers ‘5 in.
long, sessile. Calyx-tube curved, narrowly tubular below the bend
and suddenly expanded above it; the lobes thick, concave, reflexed,
unequal, from oblong to sukerbicular or obovate, everywhere pubescent

283

284 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

or tomentose, the hairs inside the tube not deflexed. Petals 5, pink, glab-
rous, longer than the calyx-lobes, very unequal ; the two posterior erect,
broadly elliptic, concave, clawed; the three anterior narrowly oblong,
revolute, imbricate, flat. Stamens 25-30, in a single semi-tubular
phalange, as long as the petals, glabrous; the anthers small. Ovary
villous, 2-celled. Style curved, longer than the stamens, villous in the
lower, glabrous in the upper half. Fruit unknown.

PeERAK ; Scortechini, 240, 2040. King’s Collector, 664, 6899.

A species easily recognised by its curved flowers and very unequal sepals and
petals.

12. Parinarium ? nitipuM, Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 310. A tree
15-40 feet high ; young branches very slender, with pale-brown glabrous
shining bark. Leaves elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, shortly and bluntly
acuminate, the blade much narrowed to the base and continued along
the sides of the upper half of the petiole; both surfaces quite glabrous,
the upper very shining; the lower slightly dull, paler, almost glaucous
when young; main nerves 7-9 pairs, ascending, faint ; length 2°25-0°5,
rarely 4 in, breadth ‘8-175, rarely 2 or 2°5 in. ; petiole below the winged
part 1—2in. Panicles slightly shorter or longer than the leaves, hoary-
tomentose, axillary and terminal, with short sub-horizontal cymosely
3-flowered branches; bracts oblong, shorter than the flowers, broadly
ovate, acute, concave. lowers ‘15 in. long and about the same in
width at the mouth, subsessile. Calyx widely funnel-shaped, the
lobes broadly triangular, acute; the exterior hoary-tomentose; the
interior lined by the subglabrous tube formed by dilated bases of the
filaments, and with a thickened hairy process on the side opposite the
8-10 anthers. Petals longer than the calyx-lobes, oblong-obtuse,
incurved. Ovary densely sericeous, the style short. Fruit obovoid-
rotund, glabrous, 1-celled, *35 in. long and about °25 in. in diam,; the
pericarp thin, leathery, densely woolly inside.

Maracca; Griffith 2047/1, Maingay 619. Derry 189, 1180. Perak;
King’s Collector 8599, 8680, 8711. Prnanc; Curtis 147, 853; King’s
Collector 1274, 1472.

Very few of the specimens which I have seen of this have frnit, and of these
not one has a seed. When the material has been fully completed by the receipt of
seeds, I think a new genus might with advantage be formed for this plant; for it
differs from the other species of Parinarium here described in having a cushion-
like process in its calyx-tube the other parts of which are lined by the tube formed
by the lower part of the dilated filaments. It also has a small 1-celled fruit with a
thin leathery pericarp.

2. Parastemon, A. DC.

A shrub or small tree. Leaves simple, alternate, evergreen, quite
284. |

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 285

entire. Flowers polygamo-dicecious, minute, racemose, minutely bracteo-
late. Calyzx-tube shortly campanulate ; lobes 5, imbricate. Petals 5, (or
6), oblong, deciduous. Stamens 2 perfect unilateral, and several imper-
fect. Carpel 1, adnate to one side of the calyx-tube, 1-celled; style basilar ;
ovules 2, erect. Fruit oblong, coriaceous, 1-celled, 1-seeded, indehiscent.
Seed solitary, erect; testa membranous, pubescent; cotyledons fleshy,
radicle inferior, plumule hairy.

PARASTEMON URorHyLLUM, A. DC. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2. XVIII,
208. A tall tree with pendulous habit, young branches very slender,
glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, sometimes
slightly oblanceolate, obtusely caudate-acuminate, the base much
narrowed; both surfaces glabrous, the lower minutely lepidote; main
nerves very faint, 4-6 pairs, oblique, the intermediate almost as distinct;
length 2-5-3 in., breadth *85-1°5 in., petiole ‘25 in. Racemes nearly as
long as the leaves, slender, axillary, glabrous, usually solitary but some-
times 2 together. Flowers ‘15 in. long to the apex of the stamens, on
short pedicels each with a minute concave ovate bracteole at its base.
Fruit cylindric, tapering a little to each end, glabrous, ‘45 in. long, aud
_ 25 in. in diam.

In all the provinces, except the Andamans,

3. Prunus, Linn.

Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, simple, quite entire, or serrate
or crenate or glandular-serrulate ; petiole often 2-glandular. Flowers
white or red, solitary, fascicled, corymbose or racemed. Calyz deciduous
in fruit; lobes 5, imbricate. Petals 5. Stamens 15-60, perigynous,
inserted in the mouth of the calyx-tube, filameuts free. Carpel 1; style
terminal; ovules 2, collateral, pendulous. Drupe with an indehiscent
or 2-valved, l-seeded, smooth, or rugged stone. Seed pendulous, testa
membranous or coriaceous, albumen scanty ¢ or 0. Disrris. N. temp.
regions, rare in-the tropics; species about 80.

PRUNUS MARTABANICA, Kurz For. Flora Burma, I, 434. A tree 40-60
feet high; all parts, except the inflorescence, quite glabrous; young
branches rather slender, lenticellate. Leaves membranous, elliptic-ob-
long to ovate-oblong, acuminate, suddenly slightly and often unequally
narrowed to the base, with minute black dots on the lower surface ;
main nerves 5-7 pairs, spreading, very faint; length 3-6 in., breadth
1°65-2°5 in.; petiole 4-75 in., eglandular. Racemes solitary or in pairs,
from the axils of fallen leaves and about as long as the leaves, pubes-
cent. Flowers rather distant, abont *35 in. in diam. on puberulous
pedicels “3-35 in. long. Calyzx-tube campanulate, tomentose ; the lobes
erect, ovate, subacute. Petals orbicular, about ‘1 in. long, deciduous.
285

286 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Stamens 60-80. Ovary ovoid, glabrous, the style much longer than the
stamens, the stigma dilated. Drupe cylindric, with a pointed apex and
rounded base, glabrous, 1-1°25 in. long; pericarp thin, woody, smooth
inside. Seed minutely hairy. Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. Il, 316. Cerasus?
mariabanica, Wall. Cat. 4902.

AnpamaNn Istanps; Kurz, King’s Collectors. Dtstrin. Burma.

Var. Scortechinti, King, bases of leaves rounded, main nerves 9-12
pairs ; racemes less than haif the length of the leaves; flowers ‘25 in.
in diam.; stamens 30—40, fruit about ‘6 in. long.

Perak; Scortechini 1782; King’s Collector 5638.

This variety may pessibly prove to be a distinct species. Although differing

from the Andamanese and Burmese specimens in the points noted above, the Perak
specimens have the same general facies.

4. Pycrum, Gertn.

Evergreen trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, usually quite entire ;
stipules minute, fugacious, (large and persistent in one species) basal
glands 2 or 0. Flowers small, racemose or paniculate, sometimes
unisexual by want of the ovary. Calya-tube obconic urceolate or cam-
panulate, deciduous ; limb 5-15-toothed, often unequally. Petals minute,
5-6 in the 5-6-toothed calyx, 0 in the 10-15-toothed, villous or tomen-
tose, rarely glabrous, often undistinguishable from the calyx-lobes.
Stamens 10-50, in one or more series at the orifice of the calyx-tube ;
filaments slender, incurved; anthers small. Carpel 1, basal in the
calyx-tube, ovoid or subglobose ; style terminal, slender, exserted from
the bud, stigma capitate; ovules 2, collateral, péndulous. Fruita trans-
versely oblong, obscurely didymous, rarely subglobose drupe; pericarp
thin, dry or juicy. Cotyledons very thick, hemispheric; radicle minute,
superior. Distrib. Species about 30, tropical Asiatic and one African.

Edges of leaves entire :—

Stipules large and persistent es na «. 1. P. stipulacewm.
Stipules small and fugaceous :—
Flowers ‘5 in. in diam. ade . ANA 2. P. grandiflorum.
Flowers much less than ‘5 in. in diam. :—
Ovary glabrous :—

Racemes not much longer than the petioles :—
Leaves 4 or 5 in. long and 2 in. broad, lower
surface puberulous; main nerves 7 pairs we 8 =P. intermedium.
Leaves 1°5-2 in. long and ‘65-1'1 in. broad,
lower surface deciduously pubescent and rugulose
beneath; main nerves 4-6 pairs __.... 4. P. Maingayi.
Leaves 8-3'5 in. long, 1-1°4 in. broad, sinimage
beneath and subglaucous; main nerves 4 or 5
pairs ma on HE «. 5. P. lanceolatum.

286

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 287

Racemes 2 or 3 inches long :—
Flowers ‘15 in. long, 6-merous, stamens 30;
leaves with 6 or 7 pairs of nerves, their apices
much tapered bbe .. 6. P. acuminatum,
Flowers ‘25 in. long, 5-merous ; bse 40 or
50; leaves with 7-10 pairs of nerves, their apices
slightly and obtusely acuminate... we 7. P. polystachyum,
Ovary villous or hirsute :—
Racemes much longer than the petioles (from °75-

15 in. long) :—
Leaves glabrous on the lower surface . 8. P. Scortechinii,
Leaves rugulose, the lower surface Sais
except for a few scattered adpressed hairs .. 9. P. persimile.
Leaves with short adpressed hairs on the lower
surface, not glabrous or rugulose ..., .- 10. P. parviflorum.

Racemes very little longer than the petioles :—
Lower surfaces of leaves with short adpressed
hairs; bases. of leaves cuneate, their apices
caudate-acuminate se dia -. 10. P. parviflorum,
VAR. densa.
Lower surfaces of leaves minutely pubescent
with adpressed bristles intermixed with the
hairs; bases of leaves rounded, their apices
obtuse and emarginate ... ve LL. P. ovalifoliwm.
Lower surfaces of leaves minutely ‘abe -pubes-
cent, the hairs partly deciduous; leaves with

rounded bases and acuminate apices --- 12. P. Hookerianwm
Leaves glabrous on the under surface --- 13. P. brevifolium.
Edges of leaves sinuate-dentate .... due .. 14. P. Grifithii.
1, Pyerum stipoLaceuM, King n. sp. <A tree; young branches
stout, densely rusty-tomentose. Leaves very coriaceous, broadly

elliptic, acute, the base broad and slightly cordate, the edges revolute ;
‘upper surface glabrous, the nerves and midrib deeply depressed, the
latter pubescent; lower surface rusty-pubescent especially on the
midrib, main and transverse nerves; main-nerves 10-12 pairs, spread-
ing, curving upwards; length 5-7 in., breadth 2°5-3°75 in., petiole ‘5
in., very stout and densely rusty-tomentose ; stipules persistent, broadly
ovate, or caudate, acute, boldly ribbed, puberulous, persistent. Racemes
‘in fascicles from the branches below the leaves, 125-2 in. long, rusty-
tomentose; bracts broadly elliptic, concave, tomentose outside, glabrous
inside. Flowers ‘15 in. long, on pedicels about as long as themselves.
Calyz-tube campanulate, with 10 short obtuse teeth, tomentose outside.
Petals 0. Stamens about 15, exserted, glabrous. Pistil longer than the
stamens ; ovary villous; style stout, erect, subglabrous ; stigma capitate,
discoid. ruit unknown.
Perak ; Scortechini 11020.

287

288 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

2. PyYGEUM GRANDIFLORUM, King n. spec. A tree 50-70 feet high;
all parts, except the inflorescence, glabrous; young branches rather

stout. Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, sometimes
slightly obovate, with an abrupt short blunt point; the base cuneate,
eglandular ; upper surface shining, smooth, the lower less shining and
minutely pustulate; main nerves 8 or 9 pairs, spreading but curving

upwards, prominent on the lower surface; length 5-8 in., breadth

2°75-3°5 in., petiole °75 in. Panicles solitary, axillary, nearly as long as
the leaves, with a few lax corymbose branches, almost glabrous below,
rusty-tomentose towards the apex; bracts broadly ovate, concave,
blunt, puberulous. Flowers ‘5 in. across, on pedicels ‘15 in. long;
bracteoles near the apex of the pedicels 1 or 2, minute. Calyzx-tube

widely campanulate, short, with 5 broad blunt subreniform lobes

tomentose outside. Petals 5, much larger than the calyx-teeth (‘2 in.
long), subrotund to broadly oblong, blunt, reflexed. Stamens very
numerous, glabrous. Pistil slightly longer than the stamens, the ovary
pubescent, style puberulous; stigma small, capitate. Fruit unknown.

Perak ; King’s Collector 7425.

A very distinct species with large glabrous leaves, and larger flowers than any
here described. )

3. PyGEuM INTERMEDIUM, King n. spec. A tree 30-40 feet high; young
branches dark-coloured, lenticellate, subglabrous. Leaves coriaceous,
broadly elliptic to oblong-elliptic, the apex acute or shortly acuminate,
the base rounded or slightly cuneate; upper surface minutely punc-
tulate, not shining when dry, glabrous except the broad, depressed,
pubescent midrib; lower surface puberulous, pubescent on the nerves
and midrib; main-nerves 7 pairs, oblique, curved, prominent beneath ;
length 4-5 in., breadth about 2 in., petiole “35 in. acemes about *d
in. long, from the axils of fallen leaves, solitary or several together,
densely tawny-tomentose; bracts shorter than the very short pedicels,
ovate-obtuse, concave. Flowers less than ‘15 in. long. Calyx-tube wide-
ly infundibuliform, with 6 oblong blunt hairy teeth. Petals none.
Stamens about 20, glabrous, exserted. Pistils as long as the stamens,
glabrous; stigma capitate. Fruit subglobular, compressed, crowned
by the style, glabrous, ‘3 in. long and about °2 in. thick.

Matacca; Maingay 626. Perak ; King’s Collector 3791.

4, Pyceum Matnearyt, Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 319. A tree;
young branches slender, with dark-coloured glabrous bark. Leaves
coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, with slightly cuneate rather
broad bases and often with 2 small glands a little above the petiole; the
upper surface glabrous, smooth but not shining (when dry); the lower
dark-brown in colour and rugulose, deciduously pubescent: main-nerves

288

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 289

4-6 pairs, spreading, curving upwards, rather prominent on the lower,
obsolete on the upper surface; length 15-2 in., breadth ‘65-11 in.,
petiole -2 in. Racemes axillary and extra-axillary, about as long as the
petioles, rusty-tomentose ; bracts solitary at the base of the pedicels,
ovate-acute, concave, tomentose outside, glabrous inside. Flowers ‘15 in.
in diam., on pedicels shorter than themselves. Calyx-tube funnel-shaped,
its mouth with 6 obtuse villous teeth. Petals none. Stamens about 16,
glabrous, much exserted. Ovary small, often abortive; style slender,
glabrous. Fruit transversely oblong with a sharp mucronate apex, ‘25
in. long, and ‘35 in. broad.
Matacca; Maingay 625. Prrax; King’s Collector 5336; Scortechint
217.
This species comes very near P. lanceolatum, Hook. fil. It has, however, no

petals, whereas P. lanceolatum has. The leaves of this in the young state are more-
over pubescent, while those of the latter are glabrous at all stages.

5. Pygeum LANceonatum, Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 319. A tree
30 or 40 feet high; young branches slender, dark-coloured, adpressed-
puberulous. Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate, obtusely acu-
minate; the base cuneate, with 2 narrow glands just above it; both
surfaces glabrous, the lower subglaucous and with a few adpressed
hairs on the main nerves and midrib; main nerves 4 or 5 pairs, curved,
ascending, slightly prominent and dark-coloured on the lower surface ;
length 3-3°5 in., breadth 1-1'4 in., petiole "25-3 in. Racemes only
about ‘5 in. long, axillary and extra-axillary, tomentose ; the bracteole
at the base of each pedicel sub-orbicular, acute, glabrous inside.
Flowers on pedicels as long as themselves, "15 in. in diam. Calyz-
tube widely campanulate, tomentose externally, glabrous inside and with
10 broad short teeth. Petals (if any) deciduous. Stamens about 20,
much exserted. Ovary glabrous, compressed; style stout, glabrous,
longer than the petals; stigma compressed. Fruit transversely oblong,
with a slight vertical groove, glabrous, ‘3 in. long, and ‘4 in. broad, 2-
seeded.

Sincarore ; Lobb 328. Penana; Curtis 216, 735.

The racemes of this are often very short, almost sessile, and subglobular. It
is a very distinct species. I have not been able to discover any petals.

6. Pygeum acuminatom, Colebr. in Trans, Linn. Soc. XII, 360, t.
18. A tall tree; young branches cinereous, glabrous, rough. Leaves
coriaceous, elliptic to elliptic-oblong, shortly and obtusely caudate-acumi-
nate ; the base rounded or slightly cuneate and unequal, often with 1 or 2
obscure glands ; upper surface glabrous, shining, the midrib and nerves
depressed ; lower surface brown when dry, subrugulose, glabrous, dull ;

main nerves 6 or 7 pairs, curving upwards, prominent (almost winged)
289

290 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

beneath; length 4-65 in., breadth 1°75-3'25 in., petiole 35-5 in.
Racemes from the axils of fallen leaves, solitary or several together,
2 or 3 inches long, slender, tawny-pubescent. lowers ‘15 in. long, on
pedicels ‘1 in. long; bracts narrowly oblong, sub-acute, very deciduous.
Calyx-tube broadly campanulate, “15 in. wide at the mouth; teeth about
6, narrowly lanceolate. Petals 6, oblanceolate, obtuse, sericeous outside.
Stamens about 30, long-exserted, glabrous. Pistil as long as the
stamens; ovary glabrous; style slender, straight; stigma discoid-capi-
tate. Fruit transversely oblong, slightly compressed, minutely apiculate,
elabrous, but slightly rough, 5 in. long and ‘8 in. broad.

AnpaMAN Isnanps. Distris. Burma, Chittagong, Assam Range,
Eastern Tropical Himalaya.

7. Pygeum potystacHyum, Hook. fil. Fl, Br. Ind. I, 320. A tree
30-60 feet high; young branches with dark-coloured glabrous lenti-
cellate bark. eaves very coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, usually with an
abrupt obtusely acuminate apex; the base broad or slightly and sud-
denly cuneate and with 2 large thick glands on its upper surface just above
the petiole ; upper surface glabrous, shining, pale greenish-brown when
dry ; the lower brown when dry, dull, minutely rugulose, glabrous ; main
nerves 7-10 pairs, oblique, rather straight, depressed on the upper and
prominent on the lower surface; length 45-7 in., breadth +2-5—4 in.,
petiole ‘5 in., stout. Racemes (occasionally racemoid panicles) axillary,
shorter than the leaves, slender, covered with short scanty rusty pubes-
cence. Flowers about.‘2 in. long and ‘25 in, in diam., on pedicels varying
from *]—2 in, long; bracts (if any) deciduous. Calyx-tube campanulate,
ribbed and tomentose externally, glabrescent within; lobes 5, oblong,
obtuse, rufous-tomentose. Petals 5, like the calyx-lobes. Stamens 40-50,
much exserted. Ovary glabrous; style as long as the stamens, glabrous ;
stigma dilated, compressed laterally. Drupe sub-globular or transversely
oblong, bluntly apiculate, ‘65 in. long and from ‘6—"75 in. broad, glabrous.
Seeds glaucous. . re

Mauacca; Maingay 627. Srinearore; Ridley 3830, 4453, 4666,
Perak; Scortechint 2045, 2063. King’s Collector 5676, 6603, 5676,
— 6847, 10942; Wray 3113, 3384.

This species is very near P. acuminatum, Colebr., of which I believe it to be
probably only a southern form.

8. Pycnum Scortecuinu, King n.sp. A slender tree 40-50 feet high ;
young branches puberulous, the bark dark-coloured. Leaves coriaceous,
elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, acute or shortly acuminate; the base
cuneate, eglardular; upper surface shining, glabrous except for occasion,
ally a few scattered hairs on the depressed midrib near its base; lower
surface pale, not shining, glabrous, minutely rugulose; main nerves

290

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 291

6 or 7 pairs, slender, spreading ; length 2-3 in., breadth ‘8-1°35 in., petiole
‘25-35 in. Racemes solitary, axillary, 1-1'25 in. long, coarsely adpressed
rusty-pubescent, bracts (if any) deciduous. Flowers °15 in. long, their
pedicels ‘1 in. Calyz-tube narrowly campanulate, with 6 oblong sub-
acute hirsute lobes. Petals none. Stamens about 12, exserted. Pistil
shorter than the stamens, ovary with long white hairs; style glabres-
cent. Fruit transversely oblong, glabrous, minutely pubescent, °3 in.
long and ‘4 in. broad.

PERAK ; Scortechini 357.

9. Pygnum persimite, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Bengal Vol. XLI,
306. A tree; young branches slender, deciduously rusty-pubescent.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, shortly and
obtusely acuminate; the base rounded or slightly cuneate, eglandular ;
upper surface glabrous or glabrescent, very minutely punctate, dull,
the midrib coarsely pubescent; lower surface brown, rugulose, with
few scattered adpressed bristles, the nerves (but especially the midrib)
strigose-pubescent ; main nerves 7 or 8 pairs, spreading, very promi-
nent (almost winged) on the lower surface; length 2°5-4 in., breadth
13-16 in,; petiole ‘25-3 in., slender, pubescent. Racemes usually in
fascicles of 2 or 3 (sometimes united near the base), rarely solitary,
from above the scars of fallen leaves, *75-1°75 in. long, densely tawny-
tomentose ; bracts broadly ovate, acute or obtuse, longer than the pedi-
cels. Ilowers ‘1 in. long and ‘15 in. wide at the mouth, their pedicels less
than *l in. Calyzx-tube campanulate, tomentose outside, glabrous inside,
the mouth with 6 distant obtuse teeth. Petals none. Stamens about
12 or 18, glabrous, spreading, exserted. Pistil erect, as long as the
stamens, the ovary tawny-sericeous; the style glabrous above, seri-
ceous below ; stigma obliquely discoid. Frwit transversely oblong, with
a deep vertical groove, scarcely apiculate, glabrous except for a few
adpressed hairs in the groove, ‘25 in. long and ‘35 in. broad. Kurz
For. Flora Burma, I, 486; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 320.

Maxacoa; Griffith. Stncapore; Ridley 4452.

Mr. Kurz inadvertently referred to this Griffith’s No. 2056 from Tenasserim
which he says is closely allied to P. Lampongum, Mig. In my own opinion Griffith’s
No. 2056 is P. Lampongum. Kurz’s description of his P. persimile exactly agrees
with Griffithian specimens from Malacca (without any number), and on some of
these he has written the name P. persimile with his own hand. This species must
therefore henceforth be considered as Malayan and not as Burmese.

10. Pygeum parvirtorum, Teysm. & Binn. in Nat. Tijds. Ned.
Ind. II, 309. A tree 50-70 feet high; young branches dark-coloured,

g minutely rusty-pubescent, Leaves coriaceous, elliptic to elliptic- -oblong,

shortly caudate-acuminate, the base cuneate, upper surface shining,
| : oh aa

292 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

glabrous except sometimes the midrib pubescent; lower surface with
sparse short adpressed hairs, the midrib and main nerves pubescent ;
main nerves 5 or 6 pairs, oblique, not curved, very prominent on the
lower, faint on the upper surface; length 2°5-3°5 in., breadth 1°5—2 in.,
petiole ‘3-4 in, Racemes from ‘85-1'5 in. long, solitary or several to-
gether from the axils of fallen leaves, tomentose; bracts broad, obtuse,
tomentose, (subglabrous in var. densa). lowers ‘1 in. long, sub-sessile.
Calyzx-tube campanulate, with 6 obtuse short villous teeth. Stamens
about 18, exserted, glabrous. Pistil as long as the stamens, ovary villous.
Style sparsely pubescent especially towards the base; stigma capitate,
discoid, grooved. Fruit slightly broader than long, compressed, sparsely
adpressed-pubescent, subglabrous when old, -25 in. long and °3 in. broad.
Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. Vol. I, pt. I, 861; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 320.
P. arboreum, Endl. Gen. Pl. 1250, in part. Polydontia arborea, Blume
Bijdr. 1105. Polystorthia, Blame FI. Javae Praef. VILI, in part.

Maacca; Ridley 1872. Penance; Curtis 162. Purak; King’s
Collector 7236, and 10827 ; Curtis 1293. Distr1s. Java, Borneo.

Var. densa; racemes not much longer than the petioles, the flowers
much crowded and quite sessile, densely covered with pale tomentum ;
bracts very broad, subglabrous.

Perak; King’s Collector 0986, 10195, 10396, 10753.

It is possible that this variety ought to be treated as a species.

11. Pygeum ovaLirotium, King n. spec. A small tree 15-20 feet high ;
young branches with rather rough cinereous bark, deciduously rusty-
pubescent. Leaves oval or broadly ovate ; the apex obtuse, obliquely and
minutely emarginate; the base rounded and eglandular; upper surface
shining, minutely punctate and rugulose, the midrib convex and rusty-
pubescent; lower surface dull, minutely pubescent, with adpressed
bristles intermixed, the midrib tomentose; main nerves 7 or 8 pairs,
spreading, slightly depressed on the upper and slightly prominent on
the lower surface when dry; length 1:75-2:15 in., breadth 1-15 in.,
petiole "3-4 in. Lacemes axillary, stout, from 3-5in. long, few-flowers-
ed, densely rusty-tomentose; bracts obliquely ovate, very concave,
glabrous inside, densely tomentose outside. Flowers ‘2 in. long, and ‘3
in. wide at the mouth, sessile. Calyx-tube campanulate, densely tomen-
tose outside, glabrous inside except at the base; the mouth with 10
oblong obtuse teeth. Petals none. Stamens about 30 or 40, glabrous,
much exserted, spreading. Pistil shorter than the stamens; the ovary
narrowly ovoid, sericeous; style stout, subglabrous ; stigma obliquely
discoid. Fruit subglobose with a slight vertical groove and shortly
apiculate apex, sparsely strigose, °35 in. in diam. |

Perak; at an elevation of about 5000 feet, King’s Collector 7329.

292

tes

Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula. 293

12. Pygeum Hooxerianum, King n, spec. A shrub or small tree ;
young branches dark-coloured, glabrous. Leaves thinly coriaceous, more
or less broadly ovate, sometimes ovate-oblong, shortly acuminate, the
base broad and rounded or sometimes slightly narrowed to the petiole ;
upper surface glabrous, the lower minutely rusty-pubescent especially
on the midrib and nerves, the hairs partially deciduous ; main nerves
6 or 7 pairs, spreading, slightly. oblique, interarching rather far from
the edge; length 2-4 in., breadth 1-1'8 in., petiole °25 in. Rucemes
axillary and extra-axillary, sometimes crowded, usually less than °5 in.
long, densely rufous-tomentose. lowers ‘2 in, in diam., on very short
pedicels each with a broadly ovate concave bracteole at its base.
Calyx-tube tomentose outside, glabrous inside, widely campanulate, with
6 obtuse teeth. Petals 6, about as long as the calyx-teeth, lanceolate,
pubescent externally. Stamens from the mouth of the calyx-tube, about
20, glabrous, much exserted. Ovary sericeous ; style longer than the
stamens, puberulous, stigma obliquely discoid. Fruit sub-globular, 1-
seeded and °25 in. in diam., or transversely elongate with a shallow.
vertical groove and often 2-seeded, °25 in. long and ‘4 in. broad, always
glabrous and slightly apiculate, black or dark purple ; seed when ripe
covered with white down.

Perak; Scortechini ney ec 3969 ; rw Collector 1970, 2083,
27053, 4789, 6425.

To this species I believe belongs No. 628 of the Maingay Herbarium referred
to‘by Sir Joseph Hooker in a note on p. 322, Vol. II of the Flora of British India, but
left undescribed by him for want of sufficiently good material.

13. Pygeum Brevirotium, Hook, fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IJ, 321. A shrub
3 or 4 feet high; young branches dark-coloured, glabrous. Leaves
coriaceous, broadly oblong, shortly and obtusely acuminate, sometimes
minutely emarginate, both surfaces quite glabrous; the upper oliva-
ceous brown, the lower brown; main nerves 4 or 5 pairs, spreading and
interarching, faint beneath ; length 2-2'5 in., breadth 1°1-1°3 in., petiole
"25-3 in. Hacemes axillary, only about ‘3 in. long, sub-globose, tomen-
tose, 6-10-flowered, bracts small. Calyz-twbe urceolate, with 5 or 6
obtuse unequal teeth. Petals none. Stamens 10-16, filaments: short.
Ovary villous; style rather short, glabrous. F’ruzt unknown.

Matacca ; Summit of Mount Ophir, Griffith 2051.

14. Proxum Grirritai, Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 322. A tree?
Young branches stont, densely tomentose. Leaves coriaceous, oblong
or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or obtusely cuspidate; the edges ciliate
and obscurely sinuate-toothed; the base rounded or acute, with 2
small basal glands; both surfaces very minutely dotted; the upper
glabrous, the midrib and main nerves impressed and puberulous; lower

293

294 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

surface minutely puberulous; main nerves 8-10 pairs, spreading, inter-
arching ; length 5 or 6 in.; petiole ‘2 in., very stout. Racemes axillary,
solitary, stout, *5 in. long, few-flowered, densely tomentose. lowers
sessile. Calyx-tube obconic, with 6 oblong teeth. Petals none. Stamens
12. Ovary globose, hairy. Fruit unknown.

© Matacea ; Griffith 2050.

‘This species is very imperfectly known, the only specimens of it being Griffith’s
which are quite fragmentary. The above description is taken entirely from Sir
Joseph Hooker, who in turn took the description of the flowers from Griffith’s MSS.
It may be distinguished by its sinuate-toothed leaves.

5. Rusus, Linn.

Sub-erect or sarmentose shrubs, always prickly. Leaves alternate,
simple or compound; stipules free or adnate to the petiole. Flowers in
terminal and axillary corymbose panicles, rarely solitary, white or red.
Calyx-tube broad; lobes 5, persistent. Petals 5. Stamens many. Disc
lining the calyx-tube. Carpels many, on a convex receptacle; style
subterminal ; ovules 2, collateral, pendulous. Drupes many, 1-seeded,
crowded upon a dry or spongy conical or cylindric receptacle. Seed
pendulous. Dusters. Abundant in the northern hemisphere, rare in the
southern ; species about 200.

Leaves simple :— :
Leaves palmately 5-7-lobed; terminal panicle shorter

than the leaves; young branches tomentose, woolly or
villous. wee es we Ll. BR. moluccanus.

Leaves ovate or ovate-triangular, with 2 or 4 shallow
lobes at the base only; terminal panicle as long as the
leaves; young branches with thin cobwebby pubescence. 2. R. glomeratus.
Leaves broadly ovate, not lobed; terminal panicle much
longer than the leaves; young branches puberulous at
first but speedily glabrous ele Bee .. 3 &, elongatus.
Leaves pinnate 20s Ai vee .. 4 RB. rosefolius.
1. Rusus motuccanus, Linn. Spec. Pl. 707. A powerful subscan-
dent shrub; the young branches, under surfaces of the leaves and
inflorescence densely tawny or rusty-tomentose, villous or woolly ; prickles
short (‘1 in. or less) and recurved on the branches, petioles and lower
surfaces of the midribs, often absent on the main nerves. eaves coria-
ceous, usually broader than long, broadly ovate or orbicular, deeply
cordate ; palmately 5-7-lobed, the lobes often lobulate ; 2-10 in. in diam.,
the petioles 1-2°5 in. long; upper surfaces of leaves rugulose, sparsely
hispid, the edges irregularly dentate or serrate. Stipules varying in
size, oblong, toothed, pinnatifid or laciniate. Panicles axillary and ter-
minal, much shorter than the leaves, few-flowered. Flowers from *5-1.
in. in diam., bracts like the stipules not with glandular hairs. Calyax-
294

1

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 295

lobes ‘2-4 in. long, more or less triangular, sometimes deeply toothed.
Petals obovate, white, shorter than the calyx-lobes; ovaries numerous,
glabrous. Fruit globose, succulent, the individual carpels red, the
receptacle hairy. Roxb. Flor. Ind. I, 518; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, part 1,
382; Wall. Cat. 743; Kurz For. Flor. Brit. Burm."I, 437. RB. rugosus,
Smith in Rees Cyc. XXX, Rubus 34; Don Prodr. 234; Wight et Arn.
Prodr. 299; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Flor. 89; Thwaites’ Enum. 101;
Wight Ic. t. 225; Wall. Cat. 748. Rubus Hamiltonianus, Wall. Plant.
As. Rar. III, 19, t, 234. R. micropetalus, Rh. macrocarpus, and R. Fairhol-
mianus, Gardner in Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist. VIII, 6. RB. cordifolius,
Don Prodr. 233. R&R. reflexus, Ker in Bot. Reg. 461; Benth. Hong-Kong
Flor. 104. BR. Hamiltonianus, Seringe in DC. Prodr. II, 566. paeuy
Amboin. V, 88, t. 47, f. 2.

Tn all the Provinces except the Andaman and Nicobar Islands ; com-
mon on the hilly parts. Distris, British India, Malayan Archspolii

Var. alcesefolia; pubescence very soft and velvety, leaves 4°5-10
in. in diam., prickles often ‘2 or °25 in. long, stipules and bracts pecti-
nate, terminal panicle often 6 in. long, calyx-teeth spreading. R.
alcesefolius, Poir. Encycl. V1, 247; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. Vol. I, Pt. 1, 379.

Perak; elevation 2000 feet, Wray 1463. Duistris. Malay Archi-
pelago.

2. Rusus GLoMeratus, Blume Bijdr. 1111. A semi-scandent shrub;
young branches slender, with pale deciduous cobwebby pubescence.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate or ovate-triangular, with 2-4 shallow.
lobes near the cordate base only, the upper half tapering to the acumi-
nate apex, not lobed, the edges everywhere dentate; upper surface
glabrous except the pale-pubescent midrib and sometimes the nerves,
minutely rugulose; lower surface minutely rusty- or tawny-tomentose,
or sparsely pubescent, reticulate ; length 3-4 in., breadth 1°75-2°5 in.;
petiole 1-1'5 in. long, with minute prickles which extend sometimes
to the midrib. Stipules ovate, pinnatifid, deciduous. Panicles axillary
and shorter than the leaves, or terminal and as long as the leaves, few-
flowered, tawny-tomentose. Flowers ‘35 in. in diam. Calyzx-lobes tri-
angular, entire, acute, tomentose. Petals as long as the calyx-lobes,

obovate. Carpels of the fruit numerous, red. RR. Hasskarlii, Mig. Flor.

Ind. Bat. Vol. I, Pt, 1, 381. RB. acerifolius, Wall. Cat. 744.

Penana; Singapore; Perak. Distris. Malay Archipelago.

Var. gracilis, King; terminal panicles twice as long as the leaves ;
pedicels of the flowers *4—‘6 in. long.

In its long terminal panicles this variety resembles &. elongatus, but the flowers
have longer pedicels; moreover the venation of the leaves is quite that of R.
glomeratus. :
3. Rusus ‘gLoncatus, Smith Icon. Ined. III, +. 62. A scandent

295

296 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

shrub; young branches at first pubescent but speedily glabrous, the bark
dark-coloured and with minute deflexed prickles. Leaves coriaceous,
broadly ovate, deeply cordate at the base, the apex acute; the edges
sinuate and remotely dentate, not lobed; upper surface smooth, glabrous
except the pubescent midrib ; under surface pale, and (except 8 or 4 on
the midrib) without prickles; the nerves and veins glabrous and chest-
nut-brown, the areole minutely pale-tomentose; length 3°5-5°5 in.,
breadth 2°5-3°5 in., petiole 1°35-2 in., with a few small prickles. °
Stipules ovate, pinnatifid, deciduous. Panicles pubescent and with small
scattered prickles, a few axillary and shorter than or as long as the
leaves; the terminal one much longer than the leaves (often 15 in.
long) with distant branches; the flowers mostly clustered at their
extremities, subsessile or shortly pedicelled, ‘3 in. in diam. COalyx-lobes
triangular, blunt, tawny-tomentose. Fruit with numerous red carpels.
DC. Prodr. II, 567; Blume Bijdr. 1112. R. Dobbianus, Hook. Ic. PI.
t. 741-742.

Perak; Wray 421, 1849; King’s Collector 3465, 5732; Scortechint
1468. Disrere. Sumatra.

4. Rusus ROSsAEFOLIUS, Smith Ic. Ined. III, t. 60. A subscandent
woody shrub; branches, petioles leaf-rachises and inflorescence with long
stiff usually glandular hairs, with shorter softer hairs intermixed and a
few sharp polished hooked spines. Leaves pinnate, 2-5 in. long; leaf-
lets 3-7, membranous, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, unequally incised-
serrate, rarely with 1 or 2 basal lobes, the apex acuminate, the base
rounded ; upper surface sparsely strigose, the midrib and nerves villous;
lower surface less strigose than the upper, minutely reticulate, never
white or glaucous ; length of leaflets 1-3 in., breadth ‘35-1:2 in.; petiolules
of the lateral leaflets -1-2 in., those of the terminal ones ‘5-1 in.
Stipules linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Flowers ‘75-1 in. in diam., on
pedicels much longer than themselves, solitary or in lax few-flowered —
panicles. Calyx-lobes lanceolate, acuminate, not prickly, woolly or
glabrous. Petals usually larger than the calyx-lobes, broadly obovate,
white. Frwit elongated, rarely subglobose, the numerous red carpels on
a glabrous receptacle. Roxb. Flor. Ind. IJ, 518; Wall. Cat. 728; Kurz
For. Flora Brit. Burm. I, 439; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 349; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
Il, 341. R. pinnatus, Willd. RB. asper, Don Prodr. 234; Wall. Cat. 74.

Perak; at 3900 feet. Wray, at 4500 feet, No. 4187. Disrris. Bri-
tish India, Java.

6. Pyrus, Linn.

Trees or shrubs. Lcaves deciduous, simple or pinnate; stipules
deciduous. Flowers white red or pink, in terminal cymes or corymbs ;
bracts subulate or linear. Calyx-twbe urceolate turbinate or obconic,

296

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 297

lobes 5, erect or reflexed, persistent or deciduous. Peéals 5, quincunci-
ally imbricate in bud, Stamens 20 or more, filaments sometimes connate
at the base. Disc annular, or lining the calyx-tube. Carpels 2-5,
connate and adnate to the calyx-tube; styles 2-5, free or connate below,
stigmas truncate; ovules 2 in each cell, basal, collateral, ascending.
Fruit (a pome) fleshy, 2-5-celled ; cells with a membranous or cartila-
ginous often 2-valved endocarp, 1-2-seeded. Seeds when in pairs plano-
convex, testa coriaceous; cotyledons amygdaloid. Drtsrris. N. temp.
and cold regions; species about 100,

Pyrus GRANULOSA, Bertol. in Mem, Acad. Se. Bolog. Ser, II, IV,
312. A small glabrous tree. Leaves coriaceous, ovate, usually acu-
minate, the base cuneate or rounded, the edges serrate or sinuate-
serrate ; upper surface shining, the lower dull-brown when dry; main
nerves 7-9 pairs, prominent on the lower surface, oblique, Fruits
globose-pyriform, minutely rugulose, glabrous, the calyx-lobes not
persistent, ‘75 in. long and ‘6 in. in diam., 4-celled, in lax terminal
glabrous corymbs longer than the leaves; fruit pedicels from °4—1°5
in. long, endocarp of large granules, Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 378.
P. sikkimensis, Wenzig in Linnea, 1874, 58, in part ; Kurz For. Flor.
Brit. Burm. I, 442. P. Karensium, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng.
1872, If, 306; 1873, IT, 232.

PERAK; at an elevation of 2000-2500 feet; Scorfechint. Distrip.
Burma; Khasia Mountains; Sumatra, Forbes 2050! 2376.

Orper XL. SAXIFRAGACEA.

Trees shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate and exstipulate, or stipules
adnate to the base of the petiole, or opposite and exstipulate. Inflores-
cence various ; flowers hermaphrodite or polygamo-dicecious ; the sepals,
petals and stamens symmetrically regular. Calyx more or less adnate
to the ovary, sometimes nearly free, sometimes quite inferior ; lobes
imbricate or valvate. Pe/als 5 or 4, rarely 0, perigynous or epigynous,
rarely sub-hypogynous, imbricate or valvate. -Stamens inserted with the
petals, equalling or donble their number, rarely numerous. Ovary of
2 or 3-5 united carpels; nsually 2- or 3—-5-celled with axile placentas,
occasionally I-celled with parietal placentas; styles as many as the
carpels, distinct or combined nearly to the summits, stigmas capitate
or lateral and subcapitate; ovules numerous, anatropous, erect or pen-
dulous. Fruit capsular or berried. Seeds numerous or several (solitary
in Polyosma) albumioous; the albumen rarely scanty or nearly want-
ing. Distris. Species 580; in the cold or temperate regions of the
whole world and in the mountains of the tropics; together with a few

genera of tropical trees.
: | 297

298 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

A sub-herbaceous shrub, with simple exstipulate leaves, and

succulent fruits with numerous small seeds ie -. I, DIcHROA.
Woody shrubs or trees with pinnate (rarely simple) stipulate .

leaves; fruits small, dry, capsular, dehiscent, 2-celled; seeds °

few bait sant ae a ... 2. WEINMANNIA.
Trees or large woody shrubs with kills idk, 4-merous ;
flowers, and dry fruit with a single large smooth seed .. 3. POLYOSMA.

1. Dicuroa, Lour.

A sub-herbaceous shrub. Leaves opposite, more or less serrate;
lanceolate, persitent, exstipulate. Panicle terminal. Calyax-tube ad-
nate to the ovary; limb 5-6-toothed. Petals 5 or 6, thick, valvate, blue
or purplish. Stamens 10 or 12, epigynous. Ovary $-inferior, 1-celled ;
styles 3-5; ovules numerous, on 3-5 parietal placentas formed by the
inflexed margins of the carpels. Berry $-inferior, blue. Seeds numer-
ous, small, obovoid ; testa with large reticulations.

Dicuroa FEBRIFUGA, Lour. Fl. Cochinch, 301. A ‘shrub 3-6 feet
high ; branches terete, nearly glabrous. Leaves membranous, caudate-
acuminate, the base cuneate, the edges more or less distinctly serrate in
the upper three-fourths, entire in the lower fourth; main nerves 8 or 9
pairs, ascending; length 4-5 in., breadth 1:4-1°8 in.; petioles unequal,
from *6-1°75 in. Panicles durceae: pubescent. Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
II, 406; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 128; Maxim. in Mem. Acad. Petersb. X
16, p. 2. D. cyanitis and D. latifolia, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat, I, 721, 722.
Adamia versicolor, Fortune in Journ. Hort. Soc. I, 298; Lindl. & Paxt.
Fl. Gard. I, t. 5. A. cyanea, Wall. Cat. 441; Tent. Fl. Nep. t. 36; Pl.
As. Rar. t. 218; Bot. Mag. t. 3046; DC. Prodr. IV, 16; H. f. & T. in
Journ. Linn. Soc. I, 76. A. chinensis, Gardn. & Champ. in Kew Journ.
Bot. I, 311. Cyanitis sylvatica, Reinw. in Blume Bijd. 921; DC. Prodr.
a, 20.

Prrak; on the Central Range; Scortechini 266. Distris. On the
higher parts of the Malayan Archipelago; China; Philippines; Temper-
ate Himalaya from Bhotan to Nepal; Khasia Mountains.

2. Weinmannis, Linn.

Trees or shrubs, usually with terete opposite branches. Leaves stipu-
late, opposite, coriaceous, unequally pinnate, 3-foliolate or simple,
leaflets usually glandular-serrate. lowers hermaphrodite or polygamo-
diceceous. Calyx-tube short, the lobes 4 or 5, imbricate, persistent or
deciduous. Petals 4 or 5, sessile, imbricate, spathulate or obovate, in-
serted under the lobed margin of the perigynous dise. Stamens 8 or 10,
inserted with the petals, the filaments often elongated and exserted; the
anthers small, 2-celled. Ovary free, ovoid or conical, 2-celled, 2-beaked ;

298

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. - 299

styles 2, subulate, persistent, the stigmas simple. Oapsule small, coriace-
ous, 2-celled, septicidally 2-valved, the valves boat-shaped, few- or many-
seeded. Seeds oblong, reniform or subglobose; the testa membranous,
often hairy. Hmbryo terete, in the axis, or towards the apex, of the
fleshy albumen. Drstris. Species about 80; Malayan, Mascarene,
Australasian, and American.

‘Weinmannta Brioumet, Planch. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. Vol. 6,
(1847), p. 470. A small tree; young branches with sparse black stiff
hairs and many lenticels. Stipules obovate-rotund, adpressed-pubescent,
‘Zin. in diam. Leaves 2-35 in. long, pinnate; leaflets 9-11, opposite,
sessile, narrowly oblong-lanceolate with acute apices and slightly
narrowed and oblique bases, their edges remotely glandular-serrate,
the upper surfaces glabrous, the lower glabrous but fora very few
scattered black hairs; main nerves 6 or 7 pairs, dark-coloured ; length
°75-1 in., the terminal one longer, breadth -2—3 in. Racemes clustered
at the apices of the branches, about as long as the leaves, puberulous,
many-flowered. lowers less than | in. long, their pedicels shorter.
Capsules narrowly elliptic, glaberulous, crowned by the 2 divergent styles.
Seeds elongated, very comose at one end, less so atthe other. Miq.
Fl. Ind. Bat. Vol. I, pt. 1, 718. Sptreea pinnata, Blume, Cat. Hort. Bot.
Bogor. Arnoldia pinnata, Blume Bijdr., 868.

Mazacca; on Mount Ophir, Griffith. Perak; on Gunong Bubn, at
an elevation of 5000 feet, Wray 3814; on Gunong Idjan at 5000 feet,
Scortechini 446.

3. Po.yusMA, Blume.

Evergreen trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite or subopposite,
petioled, acute or acuminate. Flowers in terminal racemes (in some
non-Indian species solitary) 3-bracteolate. Calyzx-tube entirely adnate
to the ovary; lobes 4, small, persistent. Petals 4, epigynous, linear,
valvate, white, yellowish or greenish, much recurved when expanded,
fugacious, usually hairy within. Stamens 4, epigynous, filaments hairy.
Ovary inferior, 1-celled ; style columnar, stigma simple; ovules numer-—
ous, ascending, on two parietal placentas which project considerably
into the cavity of the ovary. Fruit sub-baccate, l-seeded. Seed
ascending, subbasal. Duisrris. Species 18; Malayan, British Indian and
tropical Australasian. i P
~ Leaves quite glabrous on both surfaces :—

Leaves sharply sinuate-dentate, membranous; flowers ‘2 in.

long bea owe ot ove sas ee 1. P. parviflora.

Leaves quite entire, coriaceous, flowers ‘3 or ‘35 in. long :— .

Leaves elliptic to elliptic-rotund, or obovate; calyx
strigose ... eek oes ove eo. 2, P. coriacea,

299

300 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, calyx nearly glabrous 3. P. Scortechinii.
Leaves glabrous on the upper surface, the midrib and nerves,
often with the intervening spaces on the lower surface also
adpressed-pubescent :—
Fruit truncate at the base and with 4 deep vertical grooves ;
flowers not more than ‘3 in. long; leaves entire we 4. P. mutadbilis.
Fruit not truncate at the base and not vertically ridged :—
Fruit subglobular; flowers °35 in. long; leaves entire ... 5. P. fragrans.
Fruit ovoid, tapering at the base; flowers ‘45 in. long ;
leaves entire or remotely serrate ... hes .. 6. P. integrifolia.
Leaves glabrous on the upper surface, the lower surface always
in the young leaves, and usually in adult leaves covered with
dense yellowish tomentum :—

Fruit sub-globular, not ridged, °25 in. long Pia .. 7. P. lete-virens.

Fruit ovoid with a truncate base, and with 4 deep rontieel

ridges, ‘4 in. long oa sos oat .. 8. P. velutina.
Imperfectly known species near P. velutina, Bl. ... .. 9. P. Ridleys.

1. Potyosma pPaRvirLora, King n. spec. A small tree; young
branches slender, glabrous. Leaves membranous, narrowly elliptic,
shortly caudate-acuminate, the edges sinuate-dentate in the upper three-
fourths, entire in the lower fourth, the base cuneate; both surfaces
glabrous, dull and dark-coloured when dry, the lower slightly paler
than the upper; main nerves 10-12 pairs, sub-horizontal, shghtly pro-
minent on the lower surface only; length 2°5-3°25 in., breadth 1-1'5
in.; petiole ‘3-"5 in., sparsely pubescent, channelled. Racemes ter-
minal, shorter than the leaves, puberulous. Flowers ‘2 in. long, their
pedicels ‘05 in., adpressed-pubescent ; the bracteoles linear, longer than
the pedicel. Calyzx-tube narrow, nearly glabrous, the mouth with tri-
angular acuminate teeth. Petals only twice as long as the calyx, linear,
obtuse, pubescent externally, longer than the anthers. Fruit flask-
shaped, the apex crowned by the calyx-teeth and the pointed base of
the style, the base rounded and slightly gibbous, glabrous, ‘5 in. long,
and ‘3 in. in diam.

Perak ; on Gunong Inas, at 5000 feet, Wray 4143.

A species somewhat resembling P. ilicifolia, Blume in the shape of its leaves;
but having much shorter racemes and smaller flowers, and an almost glabrous calyx.

2. PonyosMa coriacwA, King n. spec. A shrub or small tree ; young
branches glabrous, sparsely lenticellate. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic to
elliptic-rotund, rarely sub-obovate, the apex acute or shortly acuminate,
the edges entire and slightly revolute when dry, the base cuneate ;
both surfaces glabrous, the upper shining, the lower dull and paler ;
main nerves 9-11 pairs, spreading, interarching freely, slightly promi-

nent on the lower surface only; length 2°75-4 in., breadth 1°5-2 in., —

petiole about “75 in. Racemes terminal, about as long as or Jonger than
300

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 301

the leaves, sparsely adpressed-pubescent. Flowers ‘35 in. long; their
pedicels *1 in., bearing 3 unequal linear-acuminate strigose bracteoles.
Calyx-tube shorter than the pedicel, slightly constricted under the
mouth; the teeth triangular, acute, strigose like the tube, Petals much
longer than the calyx and slightly longer than the stamens, linear,
obtuse, minutely strigose outside, sub-villous inside. Fruit (very young)
ovoid, glabrous, crowned by the calyx-teeth.

Perak ; on Gunong Bubu at an elevation of 5000 feet; Scortechini
805; Wray 3819, 3855, 4131. Ridley’s 5219 from Kedah Peak possibly
belongs to this species. Its leaves, however, are thinner, and their
nerves more distinct.

3. Ponyosma Scortrecaini, King n. spec. A medium-sized tree
( fide Scortechini) ; young branches s!ender, with pale almost polished
bark, all parts except the inflorescence glabrous. Leaves coriaceous,
oblong or oblong-lanceolate, sometimes oblanceolate, acute, much narrow-
ed to the base; the edges entire, slightly revolute when dry; both sur-
faces shining, glabrous, except sometimes a few hairs on the midrib
beneath ; main nerves 10-12 pairs, spreading, interarching, faint on
both surfaces; length 4—6°5 in., breadth 1°5-2 in., petiole 35-6 in.
winged. acemes terminal, shorter than the leaves, sparsely puberulous.
Flowers *3 in. long, their pedicels about ‘05 in.; the bracteoles small,
lanceolate, hairy. Calyz-tube nearly glabrous; its lobes shallow, trian-
gular. Petals linear, subacute, pubescent outside, only slightly so
inside, about as long as the almost glabrous stamens. Fruit unknown,
P. integrifolia, Herb. Scortechini (not of Blume).

Perak ; Scortechini 1900.

Readily distinguished by its perfectly glabrous leaves and nearly glabrous
flowers.

4, PoLYOSMA MUTABILIS, Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I, 261. A
tree 20-40 feet high; young branches lenticellate, deciduously rusty-
- pubescent. Leaves narrowly elliptic, tapering gradually from about
the middle to each end, not caudate-acuminate, the edges quite entire ;
upper surface black when dry, glabrous, shining; the lower deep-
olivaceous, very sparsely pubescent, the midrib and nerves adpressed-
_ pubescent; main nerves 8-10 pairs, spreading, slightly prominent on the
Jower and slightly depressed on the upper surface, length 3°'5-6 in.,
breadth 1:25-1°75 in.; petiole ‘5-1-1 in., slender. Racemes terminal,
much longer than the leaves, with short rather sparse pubescence.
Flowers *3 in. long, their pedicels about ‘05 in. long with 2 adpressed
bracteoles. Calyz-tube about as long as the pedicel, pubescent ; its lobes
short, triangular. Petals many times louger than the calyx, linear, sub-
obtuse, pubescent, slightly longer than the stamens. Fruit ovoid froma

301

302 Materials for w Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

broad truncate base, the apex pointed and crowned by the small per-
sistent calyx-teeth ; length 45 in.; breadth at the base ‘26 in. ; puberu-
lous, black when ripe, the pedicel 25 ‘3 in. long, pubescent. Mig. Flor.
Ind. Bat. Vol. I, pt. 1, 724; Suppl. 336.

Prrak; King’s Collector 2596, 4344, 8332; Wray 920. ‘JoHORE;
Lake and Kelsall 4057. Matacca; Goodenough 438.

This species is closely allied to P. integrifolia, Blame ; but has flowers only °3 in.
long on pedicels only ‘05 in. long, while the flowers of P. integrifolia measure °45 in.
and its pedicels ‘lin. The best distinction between the two species lies however
in the fruit which is in this truncate at the base and vertically ridged, while in P.
integrifolia the fruit has a tapering base and is not ridged.

5. PonyosMA FRaGRANS, Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar, 196. A shrub 5 or 6
feet high; young branches slender, deciduously pubescent. Leaves
elliptic, tapering much to each end, the apex abruptly acuminate; the
base cuneate, the edges entire; the upper surface quite glabrous ; the
lower sparsely adpressed-pubescent especially on the midrib and 7-10
pairs of subhorizontal faint main-nerves ; length 2°5-3 in., breadth
1:1-1'35 in. ; petiole “4 in., slender, pubescent. taceme terminal, erect,
rather longer than the leaves, tawny-pubescent. lowers 35 in. long,
rather crowded, their pedicels under ‘1 in. long with 2 adpressed brac-
teoles. Calya-tube short, sericeons ; the mouth with 4 small triangular
teeth. Petals many times longer than the calyx, linear, acute, wdpressed-
pubescent. Stamens shorter than the petals. Anthers linear, elongate ;
filaments broad, sparsely villous on the inner side. Fruit sub-globular,
apiculate, glabrous, ‘2 in. in diam. H.f. & T. in Journ. Linn. Soc. IT,
77; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1, pt. I, 724; Suppl. I, 336; Clarke in Hook.
fil. Flor. Br. Ind. 1, 408. Itea fragrans, Wall. in Roxb. Flor. Ind. I],
420; Wall. Cat. 8472, partly.

Perak ; Scortechini 520. Sincarore; Wallich. Disrris. Sumatra.

6. Pozyosma intecrirotia, Blume Bijdr. 659. A tree 20-40 feet
high; young branches lenticellate, deciduously rusty-pubescent. Leaves
oblanceolate, the apex shortly and abruptly caudate-acuminate, gradu-
ally narrowed from the middle or above it to the petiole, the edyes
entire or remotely serrate, drying of a rather dark-brown colour; upper
surface glabrous or with a few hairs on the midrib; the lower paler, with
adpressed hairs on the midrib and sometimes era on the nerves ; main
uerves $-12 pairs, spreading, interarching, slightly prominent on the
lower surface only ; length 35-8 in., Ecadih 1:35-3.in.; petiole *5-L
in., rather stout, pubescent. Racemes terminal, often longer than the
leaves, subadpressed-sericeous. Flowers ‘45 in. long, rather crowded ;
their pedicels ‘1 in, long, pubescent, with 2 linear-lanceolate bracts.
Calyzx-tube about as long as the pedicel, pubescent ; the mouth with 4

302

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 303

spreading triangular teeth. Petals linear, subacute, longer than the
stamens and much longer than the calyx, slightly pubescent ; anthers
elongate, filaments slightly pubescent. Fruit ovoid, tapering to each
end, the apex crowned by the persistent calyx-teeth and base of the
style, puberulous, black when dry, ‘4 in. long and 25 in. in diam.; the
pedicel ‘15 in. long, puberulous. Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar. p. 196; DC.
Prodr. IV, 276; Blume Mus. Bot. I, 260; H.f. & T. in Journ. Linn.
Soc. II, 77; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 724; Suppl. I, 335. Clarke in
Hook fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 409. Itea fragrans, Wall. Cat. 8472, partly.

Var. 1. typica; leaves entire.

Maracea; Griffith 2510 (Kew Distrib.) ; Maingay 632. Prrax;
Wray 508; King’s Collector 3802. Penane; Curiis 1081. AnpDamay
Iszanps; King’s Collectors, Prain.

Var. 2. Wallichit, Clarke in Hook fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 409; leaves
remotely serrate. P. Wallichii, Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar. p. 196; Wall Cat.
8471; H.f. & T. in Journ. Linn. Soc. II, 77; Kurz For. Flora Burma,
I, 444.

ANDAMAN IsLanps. DzstTRIB. hasia Hills, Assam.

As I have noted under P. mutatilis, Bl., the only tangible distinction between
that plant and this is that the former has fruit truncate at the base and with 4
bold vertical grooves, while this has smooth fruit. Many of the specimens above-
quoted as belonging to this are not in fruit, and I accept them as P. integrifolia in

- deference to the authority of the Flora of British India.

7. PoLyOSMA L&Ts-VIRENS, Griff. MSS. in Herb. Kew. A tree
20-50 feet high; young branches yellowish-tomentose. Leaves drying
of a yellowish-green, coriaceous, oblanceolate or narrowly-elliptic,
shortly acuminate, much narrowed to the base ; the edges entire, slightly
revolute when dry ; upper surface glabrous, shining, the midrib minutely
tomentose, lower surface yellowish-tomentose ; main nerves 8 or 9 pairs,
spreading, interarching, prominent on the lower surface only; length —
3°25-5'5 in., breadth *8-2°25 in., petiole “35-5 in. Raceme solitary,
terminal, tomentose, rather longer than the leaves. Flowers ‘3 in. long,
on pedicels ‘lin. long. Calyx-jube slightly longer than the three narrowly
oblong adpressed bracteoles, its mouth with 4 broad triangular obtuse
teeth, yellowish-tomentose. Petals much longer than the calyx and
slightly longer than the stamens, linear, tapering to the obtuse apex,

villous in front, tomentose behind. Filaments nearly as long as the

anthers, villous in front. Fruit ovoid or globular-ovoid, crowned by the
calyx-teeth, deciduously adpressed-sericeous and lepidote, ‘25 in. long, -

_ the pedicel ‘1-2 in. P. mutabilis, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II,

Collector 8775. Prnanc; Curtis 377, 758.

469 (not of Blume).
Manacca; Griffith 2508, 2509; Maingay 633. Perak; King’s

303

\

304 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Griffith’s original specimens, to which he gave the MSS. name P. lzte-virens,
have smaller leaves and more ovoid fruit on shorter pedicels than any specimens
sabsequently collected. But in other respects they agree with specimens more
recently collected in Perak and Penang. 3

8. Potyosma veLuTina, Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I, 261. A
small tree ; young branches stout, deciduously tomentose. Leaves coria-
ceous, elliptic to elliptic-oblong, sometimes slightly obovate, sub-acute
or obtuse, the base cuneate ; the edges entire, revolute when dry ; upper
surface at first with a few scattered adpressed hairs, glabrous when old
except the pubescent depressed midrib and main nerves; lower surface
covered with soft velvety yellowish tomentum; main nerves 9-12
pairs, prominent on the lower surface only ; length 4—7°5 in., breadth
1°75-3°25 in., petiole ‘6-1°5 in. Raceme terminal, about one and a half
times as long as the leaves, stout, densely yellowish-tomentose like the
calyx. Hlowers ‘4 in. long, their pedicels rather over ‘1 in., with 3
narrow unequal adpressed bracteoles. Calya-tube tomentose; its teeth
triangular, acute. Petals narrowly linear, sub-acute, slightly longer
than the stamens, much longer than the calyx; the filaments slightly
villous in front, about equal to the anthers. Fruit ovoid, with a broad
sub-truncate base, and with an apiculus formed by the remains of the
base of the style, boldly 4-ridged, sparsely and deciduously strigose, -4
in. long and °3 in, in diam. at the base; the pedicel *2 in.; endocarp
woody, deeply 4-grooved,

PenanG ; Curtis 1165; King’s Collector 1352. Perak; Scortechini
2111; King’s Collector 3685, 4362. Distris. Sumatra, Java.

I identify the Penang and Perak plants with Blume’s P. velutina by description
only ; for I have seen no authentic specimen of that species. The deep vertical
ridging of the endocarp is noted of no other described species except P. mutabilis,
Bl., and I think my identification is correct.

9. Poryosma Ripiey1, King n. spec. A tree; young branches
densely and minutely tomentose. Leaves coriaceous, narrowly-elliptic,
caudate-acuminate, the edges entire and slightly revolute when dry, the
base cuneate; upper surface when young sparsely adpressed-pubescent,
when adult glabrous and shining; lower surface covered with dense
yellowish tomentum ; main nerves 9-11 pairs, spreading, curving and
interarching, rather prominent on the lower surface, the intermediate
nerves almost as prominent; length 6-6'5 in., breadth 2—-2°5 in.; petiole
1-1'75 or even 2 in., tomentose. Raceme terminal, stout, shorter than
the leaves, densely covered with pale yellowish or whitish tomentum
like the calyx and petals. Flowers ‘4 in. long, their pedicels ‘1 in., with

3 equal lanceolate bracteoles on the same level. Calya-tube shorter °

than the pedicel, wide; the teeth broad, shallow. Petals much longer
than the calyx, linear, blunt, villous in front. Stamens nearly as long
304

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 305

as the petals; the filaments flat, villous in front, scarcely so long as the
anthers. Style subglabrous. Fruzt unknown,
Sincapore ; Ridley 3972.

A very distinct species in the neighbourhood of P. vélutina, BI., but with
narrower leaves, much more tomentose flowers and inflorescence, and a wider calyx-
tube,

Norr.—I here take the opportunity of describing a very distinct new species
from Sumatra.

PoLyOSMA LONGE-PEDICELLATA, King n. spec. A shrub or tree 15 fect high;
young branches coarsely adpressed-pubescent. Leaves elliptic or obovate-elliptic,
abruptly and shortly acuminate; the edges slightly sinuate and very obscurely and
minutely toothed, slightly recurved when dry; the base cuneate; upper surface
glabrous, finely reticulate; the lower with short coarse adpressed hairs especially on
the midrib, finely reticulate; main nerves 14-16 pairs, almost horizontal, slightly
curved and interarching towards the edge of the bade, slightly prominent on —
the lower surface only when dry, the intermediate nérvés almost as distinct; the
reticulations minute, distinct on both surfaces; length 5°25=+7 in., breadth 2°2-3°25
in.; petiole °75-1'25 in., puberulous. Raceme solitary, terminal, rather longer than the
leaves, with pubescence like the young branches. Flowers ‘5 in. long, on slender
adpressed-pubescent pedicels ‘3-35 in. long, and bearing three adpressed bracteoles
towards their apices. Calyx-tube ‘1 in. long, adpressed-pubescent, its teeth broadly
triangular. Petals ‘4 in. long, linear, obtuse, adpressed-pubescent outside. Fruit
ovoid, tapering to each end, crowned at the apex by the very short calyx-lobes and
by the sharp base of the style, minutely adpressed-pubescent, ‘5 in. long, and °3 in.
in diam. Fruit pedicels ‘5-7 in. long, sometimes deflexed.

EasTERN SumAtTRA; at elevations of 3200 and 3700 feet, Forbes 2037, 2250.

Orper XLI. DROSERACE.

Herbs; catching insects by means of glandular viscid hairs, or by
means of petioled leaves with automatically closing laminez. Flowers
hermaphrodite, regular. Calyx 4-5- (rarely 8-) partite ; or sepals free,
imbricate, persistent. Petals and stamens as many as the sepals, hypogy-
nous or, nearly so. Ovary nearly free, globose or ovoid, 1-3-celled ;
styles 5-3, capitate, fimbriate or bifid; ovules numerous, on parietal
placentas equal in number to the styles. Capsule membranous, 5-3-
valved, many-seeded. Seeds avith fleshy albumen; embryo cylindric or
minute. Distris. Species 110; spread over nearly all temperate and
tropical lands except the islands of the Pacitic.

1. Drosera, Linn.

Perennial herbs, scapigerous or with a leafy stem, glandular-pilose.
Leaves radical or alternate, usually circinate in vernation ; stipules 0, or
scariose and adnate to the petiole. Calyx free from the ovary, 4-8-

‘partite, sepals persistent. Petals 4-8, hypogynous or scarcely peri-

-gynous, white or rose-coloured, withering, peristent. Stamens pre

306 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

as the petals, hypogynous or scarcely perigynous. Ovary 1-celled witli
2-5 styles; ovules parietal, numerous. Capsule loculicidally 2-5-valved.
Seeds numerous; in the Indian species obovoid-ellipsoid, with the testa
black, smooth, reticulate, not lax. Dusrris. Species 100; scattered
throughout the world except Polynesia ; very numerous in doviskinalees

Leaves cauline, linear ... ae we 1. D. indica,

Leaves all radical, spathulate- Neiicete bat we 2. D, Burmanni,

1. Drosmra rnpica, Linn. Sp. Pl. 282. Stems suberect, from 1-6
in. high. Leaves cauline, alternate, linear, elongate, very glandular-
pubescent, hardly broader than the glabrous petiole; the stipules much
shorter than the petioles. Racemes leaf-opposed; flower-pedicels °25
in. or more in length, glandular-hairy. Styles 3, bifid to near the base.
DC. Prodr. I, 319; Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 313; Wall. Cat. 1244; Wight
Ill. t. 20; W. & A. Prodr. 34; Planch. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. III, Vol.
IX, 204; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. F, Pt. II, p. 120; H.f. & T. in Journ. Linn,
Soc. 1], 82; Thwaites Enum. 21; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 12; Kurz
in Journ. As. Soc. 1876, Pt. 11, 310; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
II, 424. D. Finlaysoniana, Wall. Cat. 3752. D. serpens, Planch. f. e.
204. D. hexagyna, Blanco FI. Filip. 189; Rheede Hort. Mal. X, t. 20.

In swampy places in all the Provinces, except the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands. Duisrris. The southern part of British India, Ceylon,
Burma, the Malayan Archipelago, China, tropical Australia, Africa.

2. Drosera Burmannt, Vahl Symb. III, 50. Stem very short ;
the leaves all radical, spathulate-cuneate, glandular-pubescent; the
stipules nearly as long as the petioles. Scapes 1-3, two to eight inches
high, the raceme occupying the upper fourth only, glabrescent. Flower-
pedicels less than ‘25 in. long, glabrous. Styles 5, not bifid. Don Prodr.
912; DC. Prodr. I, 318; Roxb. Fl. Ind. 11,118; Wall. Cat. 1242;
Wight. Ill. t. 20; Wight Ic. t. 944; W. & A. Prodr. 34; Planch. in
Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. HT, Vol. IX, 190; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. II, p.
120; H. f. & T. in Journ. Linu. Soc, II, 82; Clarke m Hook. fil. Fl. Br.
Ind. II, 424; Thwaites Enum. 21; Dalz, & Gibs. Bomb. Fl, 12; Kurz
in Journ, As. Soc. 1876,.Pt. 11,310. — *

In swampy places in all the Provinces, except the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands. Duisrris. Plains of British India, Ceylon, the lower
Himalaya, Malayan Archipelago, China, Japan, Australia, West Africa.

Orper XLIL HAMAMELIDEA,

Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, petiolate, simple or palmately
lobed ; stipules 1-2, rarely wanting, deciduous or rarely persistent.
Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual, collected into heads or spikes.
Calyx small or 0, adnate to the ovary. Petals 0 or 4-5, perigynous or

306 |

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 307

“* nearly epigynous. Stamens 4-0, perigynous, or rarely hypogynous ;
anthers dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary 2-celled; styles 2, separate
and ultimately divaricate, usually persistent; ovules l-o, axile, pendu-
lous. Capsule woody, its segments often bifid ; endocarp often horny
and separating from the exocarp. Seeds 1, or many and then usually
only the lowest in each cell perfect. Dusrris. Species 35; Eastern
Asia, the Himalaya, Khasia Hills, Malaya, China and Japan; also
in North America and in South Africa.

Ovules solitary in each cell :—

Stipules small and deciduous; heads ebracteate; stamens 5,

with short filaments, the connective produced intoa horn;

flowers hermaphrodite ... iva oes wad), Emp AAAI ROA VA:
Ovules 6 or more in each cell :—

Stipules large, coriaceous ; heads ebracteate ; Stamens 10-14,

without appendages ; flowers polygamous _... ... 2 BUCKLANDIA,
Stipules absent; heads with numerous coloured bracts;
stamens 7-10 without appendages ; flowers hermaphrodite... 3. RHopoLEIA.

1. Matneaya, Oliver.

A tree. Jieaves alternate, undivided, petioled, persistent; stipules
small, deciduous. Heads peduncled, quasi-terminal, ebracteate, of about
15 flowers. Calyz-tube adherent to the ovary ; the limb closed, splitting
up on one side a little way from the base and then circumscissile
and deciduous. Petals 5, perigynous, linear, circinate in estivation.
Stamens 5, perigynous, filaments very short, connective produced as a
horn. Staminodes about 10, horned. Ovary half-inferior, 2-celled;
styles 2, distinct, short; ovule 1 in each cell, pendulous. Capsule woody,
ovoid; endocarp horny, separating from the exocarp. Seed narrowly
ellipsoid, and with pale thick iridescent testa.

MAINGAYA MALAYANA, Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 517, t.
44. A tree 50 or 60 feet high; young branches rather slender, glab-
yous, pale-coloured when dry, lenticellate. Leaves membranous, oblong-
lanceolate or elliptic, acuminate ; the base broad, rounded or minutely
cordate, sometimes slightly péltate ; both surfaces glabrous, shining, the
lower of a bright brown tint whendry; main nerves 7-10 pairs, curving
upwards, slightly prominent on the lower surface only ; length 6°5-9 in.,
breadth 2-4°5 in., petiole ‘75-1 in., slender; stipules small, tomentose,
caducous. Capitules from ‘75-1 in, in diam., solitary, or two or three
from a short peduncle. Flowers ‘5 in. long, sessile; buds oblong or
obovoid-oblong. Calyx thin, puberulous, not opening but separating in
an irregular circumscissile manner. Petals linear, obtuse, glabrous, four
or five times as long as the calyx. Capsule woody, ovoid, tapering into

the thick pedicel, with truncate compressed apex, more than half enve-
307

«
i
“a

308 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

loped by the calyx-tube, striate, minutely pubescent, “6 in. long, ‘4 in.
wide at the apex. Seeds narrowly ellipsoid, tapering much to the apex ;
the testa thick, white, iridescent, with elongate reticulations. Clarke in
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 428.

Penang; Maingay 1513; Curtis 659. Perak; Scortechini 819;
King’s Collector 7330.

2. Buckranora, Br.

A tall glabrous tree. Leaves alternate, acuminate, entire, long-
petioled ; stipules solitary or in pairs, large, oblong, coriaceous, decidu-
ous. Inflorescence of 2-5 peduncled heads, at first enclosed between a
pair of stipules ; flowers adnate by their calyces, about 8 in a head,
polygamous. Calyz-tube adnate to the ovary ; limb 5-lobed. Petals in
the ¢ flower linear-spathulate, fleshy, variable in number; in the @ fi.
rudimentary. Stamens 10-14 (in the @ none); filaments long. Ovary
half-inferior, 2-celled; styles 2, separate, soon divaricate; ovules in
each cell 6 in two rows. Capsule nearly superior, woody, subglobose ;
endocarp horny, showing a tendency to separate from the exocarp.
Seeds in each cell 6, oblong, trigonous ; the upper wingless, solid, with-
out any embryo, the lower one in each cell winged and fertile.

BuckLANDIA PoPULNEA, R. Brown in Wall. Cat. 7414. Leaves
broadly ovate sub-reniform or “sub-orbicular, the apex acuminate or
tricuspidate, the edges entire ; the base broad and rounded, subcordate
or truncate, or narrowed and cuneate; both surfaces glabrous; the lower
sometimes pubescent on the nerves; main nerves 5-7, radiating palmately
from the base, the lower on each side slender, prominent on the lower
surface; length 2°5-6°% in., breadth 1°5—-7 in.; petiole ‘5-3 in., usually
glabrous but sometimes pubescent; stipules oblong, sub-falcate, obtuse,
-9-]1:25 in. long, slightly pubescent at the base, breadth “25-45 in.
Griff. in Asiat. Res. XTX, 95, with two plates; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl.
Br. Ind. II, 429. B. populifolia, H. f. & T. in Journ. Linn. Soe. II, 86 ;
Kurz Forest Fl. Brit. Burma, I, 445. Liquidambar tricuspis, Miq. FI.
Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 1097; and Suppl. 346, with a figure.

Perak; Scortechini; on Gunong.Inas, elevat. 5000 feet, Wray
4151; on Ulu Batang Padang, about 3900 feet, Wray 1535. Distrip. The
temperate Himalaya from Nepal to Bhotan, elevat. 5000-8000 ft. ;
Khasia Hills 4000-6000 feet ; Burma, Java,. Sumatra.

None of the Perak specimens have flowers or fruit, Scortechini’s have leaves
in no way differing from those from the Himalaya and Khasia mountains, except
that the main nerves and petioles, even when old, are pubescent. Wray’s speci-
mens, on the other hand, have smaller ovate leaves, rarely tri-cuspidate and never
sub-rotund or reniform; their petioles are sometimes slightly hairy, but their main

308

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 309

nerves have tufts of hair only in their axils. In all the Perak specimens the stipules
are much narrower than in those from the Himalaya and Khasia mountains. _

3. HRaoporeta, Hook.

Glabrous woody shrubs, Leaves exstipulate, evergreen, alternate,
with long petioles, coriaceous, glaucous beneath. Flowers in few-flower-
ed axillary pedunculate reflexed capitula surrounded by numerous
whorls of coloured bracts, increasing in size from without inwards.
Flowers unsymmetrical, hermaphrodite, adnate in the capitula by their
calyces. Calyx-tube adherent to the lower half of the ovary; its limb
annular, truncate, glandular inside. Petals rosy, 2-4, very unequal,
unilateral, deficient in the central flowers, clawed, oblong-oblanceolate.
Stamens 7-10, inserted with the petals; the filaments thick, elongate ;
the anthers linear-oblong, basifixed, 2-celled, the connective not pro-
duced. Ovary half-inferior, ovoid, the apex bifid, 2-celled, or 1-celled
by abortion of the septum. Style subulate, elongate, deciduous, stigma
simple. Ovules numerous in each cell, inserted on two biseriate axile
placentas. Capsule sub-ligneous, bicuspidate, 2-celled, 2-valved; the
valves bifid, many-seeded. Seeds imbricate, not winged, angular, com-
‘pressed, testa crustaceous. Disrris. Two species; Hongkong and Su-
matra.

RuovoretA TeysMANNI, Mig. in Versl. en Meded. K. Akad. v.
Wetensch. VI, 124. Leaves oblong to elliptic, the apex obtuse, slightly
narrowed at the base to the long petiole, both surfaces rugulose when
dry; main nerves 7-9 pairs, spreading, faint; the midrib prominent
beneath; length 25-5 in. breadth 1:5-2 in., petiole °75-1:75 in.
Capitula solitary, about °75 in. long, ovoid, on decurved peduncles about
*25 in. long; the bracts broad, blunt, the outer short and glabrous,
the inner longer and covered with reddish hair. Stamens and petals
subequal, about *5 in. long. Ripe capsules glabrous, about ‘4 in. long,

' dehiscing widely for about half their length. Maiq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Vol. I,
pt. 2, p. 669; Suppl. 532.

Matacca; Hervey; Ridley 3289. Perak; elev. 3900 feet in Batang

Padang Valley, Wray 1481. Dusrris. Sumatra.

Orpver XLIIT. HALORAGEA.

Herbs, often aquatic. Leaves opposite or whorled, or partly alter-
nate, when submerged often pinnatisect, always exstipulate. Flowers
small, axillary, solitary or fascicled, sessile or pedicelled, hermaphrodite —
or unisexual, the nodes between the floral whorls sometimes developed.
Calyx-lobes 4. or 0. . Petats 4 and epigynous, or absent. Stamens 8, 4 or
1, epigynous in the bisexual flowers. Ovary inferior, 4- 2- or 1-celled ;

309

SS
ad
;

310 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula,

the styles equal in number to the cells, simple or finely lobed; ovules
4, (1 in Hippurus) pendulous. Fruit small, dry or drupaceous, with
cells as in the ovary, indehiscent, or separating into its component
carpels. Seeds 4or1. Distriz. ; about 80 species, cosmopolitan.

Terrestrial; fruit 1-celled, 1-seeded... shy . 1. HALORAGIS.
Aquatic (floating); fruit separating into its component .
carpels ... sts oer bea .. 2. MYRIOPHYLLUM.

1. Hatoraais, Forst.

Branching herbs. Leaves opposite, the upper sometimes alternate,
toothed, rigid. Flowers minute, nearly sessile in the axils of bracts,
spicate or racemose, partially unisexual or hermaphrodite. Calyx-tube
4-8-ribbed; lobes 4, erect, persistent, acute, valvate. Petals 4, coria-
ceous, often wanting in the 9. Stamens 8, epigynous. Ovary 2- or
4-celled, with 4 pendulous ovules; stigmas 4 (in the females at least),
sessile, feathery. Fruit a dry, 2-4-celled, 2-4-seeded nut; bat in the
following species by abortion l-celled, 1-seeded. Dusrris, Species 40 ;
N. Asia, Australia.

HALORAGIS MICRANTHA, R. Brown in Flinders Voy. H, 550. A
branching glabrous herb. Leaves opposite, ovate, acute, denticulate ;
the petioles very short, diminishing in size towards the inflorescence.
Flowers about ‘05 in., on pedicels shorter than themselves, in terminal
panicle-like racemes. Sepals triangular, much smaller than the petals.
Fruit shining, 8-ribbed, about ‘05 in. long, l-celled, 1-seeded. Clarke
in Hook. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 4830; Benth. Fl. Austral. II, 482. H. tenella,
Brongn. in Duperr. Voy. t. 68. Gonocarpus micranthus, Thunb. Fl. Jap.
t. 15; DC. Prodr. III, 66. Gontocarpus micranthus, Koen. & Sims Ann.
Bot. I, 546, t. 42.

Atelevations of about 5000 feet on the Perak Central Range?
Distrin. Malaya, China, Australia and New Zealand. Khasia moun-
tains ; at elevations of from 5000-7000 feet.

I include this as a Perak plant with some hesitation. Scortechini’s specimens
are not now in the Calcutta Herbarium, althongh his field note is.

2. MyriopHytium, Linn.

Glabrous, aquatic herbs. Leaves dentate-serrate or pectinate-
pinnatifid, or entire, often whorled. ’/owers small, sessile or nearly so,
in the axils of floral leaves or in nearly naked spikes; monoecious or
hermaphrodite. Matt; calyx-tube short, limb 2-4-fid or 0; petals 2-4;
stamens 2-8. Femate; calyx-tube deeply 4-furrowed, limb 0 or of 4
minute lobes; petals minute or 0; ovary inferior, 4- or 2-celled ; styles
2 or 4, short, nsually recurved, the stigmas plumose; ovules solitary

310

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 31

in each cell, pendulous. Fruit 4-furrowed, or separating into 4 or 2
carpels. Dtsrris. Species 15; cosmopolitan.

MyriopHytium intermepiom, DC. Prodr. III, 69. Leaves alternate,
solitary or in fascicles of two or three, sometimes in whorls, linear,
entiré or serrate, ‘5-1 in. long. Fruit axillary, oblong, only about -05
in. long, with rounded and minutely scabrous ridges and shallow
furrows between, ultimately separating into its component carpels.
Miq. Flor, Ind. Bat. Vol. I, pt. 1, 634; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
II, 433. MM. indicum, Wight Ill. t. 102, (eaclude the fruit). M. variz-
folium, Hook. Ic. Pl. t.. 289. M. lineare, Heyne MSS. Haloragis oligan-
tha, W. & A, Prodr. 338; Wight Ic. t. 1061 (not of Arn.)

Matacca; Griffith (probably on Mount Ophir). Dusrrre. Moun-
tains of the Malayan Archipelago and of the South of British India;
Australia, New Zealand, South America.

Orper XLIV. RHIZOPHOREA.

Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite and stipulate (alternate and
exstipulate in Anisophyllea), usually coriaceous, glabrous; stipules
interpetiolar, very caducous. Flowers axillary, usually bisexual (uni-
sexual in Anzsophyllea), surrounded at the base by connate or cupuli-
form bracts, or ebracteate. Calyx more or less adnate to the ovary ;
limb produced beyond the ovary, 4-14-lobed ; lobes valvate, persistent.
Petals equal in number to but usually smaller than the sepals, entire,
emarginate, 2-fid or lacerate. Stamens usually twice the number of the
petals, in pairs, opposite to and partly embraced by them; rarely inde-
finite (Kandelia) ; anthers 2-celled, rarely multi-loculate (Rhizophora).
Ovary more or less adnate to the calyx, from 5-1-celled by solution of
the septa; styles connate (distinct in Anisophyllea) ; stigma often lobed ;
ovules usually 2 in each cell, pendulous. Fruit coriaceous or woody,
crowned or surrounded by the calyx-limb, mostly indehiscent, 1-celled,
l-seeded. Seed pendulous, arillate or not ; albumen fleshy or 0; embryo
inverted, small if surrounded by alicomte elongated if exalbnminog -
radicle macropodous in the tribe Rhizophorese, perforating the apex of
the pericarp and germinating while the fruit still adheres to the tree.—
Disrris, Tropical plants; mauy sharing with an arboreal vegetation the
muddy shores of the estuaries of rivers, Genera 17, species about 70.

Leaves opposite, stipulate; style connate :—
Tripe 1. RHIZoPHOREX. Embryo exalvuminons, with a large

radicle germinating while the fruit is still on the tree :—
Calyx 4-lobed; petals 4, entire; stamens 8; ovary 2-

celled «. .. 1. RutzopHora.

Calyx 8-14-lobed ; peiaila 8-14, 2 lobed or deeply emar- © |

ginate ; ovary 2-4-celled; stamens 16-28 . -. 2, BRUGUIERA.
311

312 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Calyx 5- or 6-lobed; petals 5 or 6, their apices ciliate or

with clavate or capitate bristles; stamens 10-12 - ... & CERIOPS.
Calyx 5-or 6-lobed; petals 5 or 6, multifid; stamens
indefinite ; stigma 3-lobed <* 4. KANDELIA.

Trize II. Le@notipex. Embryo icicle in 1 fleshy a
bumen, radicle not unusually large and not germinating
in the fruit :—
Flowers 5-8-merous in trichotomous cymes; calyx:
tube minutely bracteolate, half-superior, the calyx-ldbes
erect ; stigma small, not lobed ... - .. 5, CARALLIA,
Flowers 5-merous, axillary, solitary or in pairs; calyx
ébracteolate, half-superior, its lobes reflexed ; stigma
discoid, 5-10-lobed .. + ze 6. PELLACALYX.
Flowers 4-5-merous, in axillary fascicles; calyx- babs
ebracteolate, adnate to the base of the ovary, its lobes
reflexed; stigma discoid, 5-lobed ix ... 7. GYNOTROCHES.
Leaves alternate, exstipulate; style distinct :—
Tripe III. ANisoPHYLLEm. Leaves alternate and exsti-
pulate; flowers unisexual; styles distinct ... .. 8. ANISOPHYLLEA.

1. RurzopHora, Linn.

Trees. Branches marked by leaf-scars. Leaves coriaceous, glabrous,
opposite, mucronate. Stipules large, in pairs, interpetiolar, caducous.
Flowers rather large, on axillary 2-3-chotomously-divided and few-
flowered cymes. Calyx 4-lobed, surrounded at the base by connate
bracteoles. Petals 4, entire, inserted on a fleshy disc. Anthers, 8, sub-
sessile, multi-loculate. Ovary 2-celled, half-inferior, projecting beyond
the calyx as a fleshy cone; cells 2-ovuled ; stigma bifid. Fruit coria-
ceous, ovoid or obconic, with the reflexed persistent calyx-teeth at its
base. Radicle elongated, perforating the apex of the fruit and des-
cending from the tree into the mud.—Drsrriz. About 5 species; fre-
quent on muddy tropical shores.

Leaves elliptic; cymes longer than the petioles, usually 3-

flowered ; petals fleshy, lanate in front an .. 1. RB. mucronata.
Leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate; cymes shorter than the
petioles, 2-flowered ; petals thin, glabrous : .. 2. R. conjugata.

1. RuizopHora mucronata, Lamk. Dict. VI, 160, t.- 396, fee
large evergreen glabrous shrub or tree; young branches thick, with
bold cicatrices, rather pale. Leaves elliptic, tapering to each end, the
apex mucronate; upper surface reticulate when dry, the main nerves
faint and depressed; the lower surface minutely rugulose and with
black dots, even when dry the nerves invisible; length 5-7 in., breadth
2:5-4'25 in., petiole 1:2-1'75 in. Cymes axillary, slightly longer than
the petioles, usually 3- rarely 2-flowered. Flowers ‘5—6 in. long, their

pedicels shorter, Calyzx-lobes coriaceous, triangular, subacute, glabrous.
312

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 313

Petals shorter than the sepals, linear-lanceolate, thick, lanate on the
margins and inner face. Stamens 8, filaments short, anthers linear.
Fruit inversely obovoid with the reflexed persistent calyx-teeth at its
base, 1‘5 in. long; the extruded radicle 1-2 feet long, cylindric, °6 in. in
diam. when dry. DC. Prodr. III, 32; Bedd. Fl. Sylv., Anal. Gen, t.
XIII, fig. 4; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 95; Wight Ill. I, 209; Ic. t. 238;
Kurz, For. Flor. Barm, J, 447;° Hook. fil. Fl? Br. Ind. II, 435.
Trimen Flora Ceylon, I, 151. &. macrorrhiza, Griff. in Trans. Med,
Phys. Soc. Calc. VIII, 2. R&R. candelarta, W. & A. Prodr. I, 310; Wall.
Cat. 4878. BR. Mangle, Roxb. (not of Linn.) Fl. Ind. II, 456. B. latifolia,
Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 324.—Rheede Hort. Mal. VI, t. 34.

_In all the provinces, at the mouths of rivers; very common. Drs-
TRIB. The Tropics of the Old World and of Australia.

The original specimens in the Calcutta Herbarium of R. latifolia, Miq. are
only large-leaved specimens of this.

2. RuizopHora consucata, Linn. Sp. Pl. 634. A small glabrous
tree ; young branches clavate, smooth, pale, the upper part with bold
cicatrices. Leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate, tapering to each end, the
apex mucronate ; when dry the upper surface faintly reticulate, the main
nerves visible; the lower surface not showing the main-nerves but the
midrib there prominent, remotely pustulate and minutely dotted ; length
5-6 in., breadth 1°65-2°5 in., petiole *8-1'25 in. Cymes axillary, shorter
than the petioles, 2-flowered. Calya-lobes oblong, concave, acute. Petals
slightly shorter than the calyx, thin, glabrous. Stamens 6-8; filaments
short, anthers linear. Fruit inversely clavate, 1 in. long, the protrud-
ing radicle from a few inches to a foot long, cylindric; -25--3 in. in
diam., when dry. DC. Prodr. III, 33; Blume Mus. Bot. I, 134; Wight
Ill. I, 309; Kurz. For. Flora Burma, I, 447; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II,
436. Ji. apiculata, Blume Flor. Jav. I, 91. 2B. candelaria, DC. Prodr.
AI, 32; Trimen Flora Ceylon, I, 151.

In all the Provinces, at the mouths of rivers and in tidal marshes.
Disreis. The Tropics of the Old World.

2. Brucurera, Lamk.

Trees or shrubs. Leaves usually coriaceous, oblong, quite entire.
Peduncles axillary, cymose, or solitary. Flowers rather large, coriaceous.
Calyx 8-14-mervus, obconical or campanulate, ebracteate, adnate to the
base ot the ovary; lobes subulate-lanceolate, valvate. Petals oblong,
equal in number to’ the calyx-lobes, 2-lobed or emarginate, appendicu-
late, embracing the stamens by pairs. Stamens 16-28; filaments fili-
form ; anthers linear, mucronate, about as long as the filaments. Ovary
2-4-celled, included in the calyx-tube; cells 2-ovuled; style filiform;

313 |

314 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

stigma 2—4-lobed, minute. Fruit coriaceous, included in or adnate to
the calyx-tube, l-celled, 1l-seeded. Germination as in Ehizophora.
Disrris. Species about 7, in the tropics of the Old World.
Flowers I in. long or upwards, solitary :—
Petals 2-lobed, each lobe with 2-4 apical bristles, other-

wise glabrous - ».. Ll. B. gymnorhiza.

Petals 2-lobed, the sinus pkgs the isles with one

bristle ; the edges densely clothed with short white hairs 2. B. eriopetala.
Flowers not more than ‘6 in. long, in axillary cymes :—

Lobes of the calyx as long as the tube, spreading or

reflexed ; petals bifid, each lobe crowned by 3-5 pale

hairs, their edges with scanty white hairs outside .. 3 B. caryophylloides.

Lobes of calyx only one-fourth the length of the tube,

erect; petals with broad emarginate apex, bearing

5 white flexuose hairs, the edges glabrous .. 4. B. parviflora.

1. Broucgurera Gymnoruiza, Lamk, Encycl. IV, 696; Ill. t. 397. A
large glabrous evergreen tree: young branches stout, marked with
cicatrices towards the apex. Leaves elliptic or elliptic-oblong, acute,
the base cuneate ; upper surface shining when dry, the nerves faint;
the lower dull, the veins invisible but the midrib very prominent; length
35-6 in., breadth 1°75-2°5 in., petiole 1°3-1°6 in. Flowers solitary,
axillary, 1:25-1°5 in, long; the peduncles about ‘35 in., deflexed. Calyz
coriaceous, campanulate, ribbed, cut for half its length into 12 narrow
acute suberect teeth. Petals shorter than the calyx-lobes and equal to
them in number, sub-convolute, two-lobed at the apex and with 2-4
bristles at the point of each lobe, pubescent at the base, otherwise glab-
yous. Stamens two opposite each petal and shorter than it, each alter-
nate filament short; anthers linear. Fruit small, in the fundus of the
calyx-tube, containing a single seed germinating in situ and forming a
cylindric radicle 1-2 feet long prior to its fall. W. & A. Prodr. 311;
Brand. For. Fl. 219; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. 1, 086; Blume Mus. Bot.
136; Kurz For. Flor. Burm. T, 450; Book. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 437;
Dalz. & Gibs. Fl. Bomb. 95; Trime Flora Ceylon, 1,153. B. Rheediz,
Mig. 1. c. 587; Blume, |. c. 136; Wight Ic. t. 239; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb.
Fl. 95; Hook. Ie. Pl. t. 397. Rhizophora gymnorrhiza, Linn. Sp. 634;
Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 460; Griff. Ic. Pl. Asiat. t. 645; Wall. Cat. 4874;
Thwaites Eu. Pl. Ceyl. 120.

Tidal Forests in all the provinces. Disrris. Malaya, Australia,
Africa.

2. Broucurera eriopeTata, W. & A. in Wight Ill. I, p. 210; Wight
Icon. 239 B. A tree; young branches slender, with cicatrices towards
the apex. Leaves oblong-lanceolate or oval-oblong, sometimes rather
oblanceolate, acute, the base very cuneate; upper surface shining, the

314

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 315

nerves faint; the lower reddish-brown when dry, the nerves very faint
or cbsolete but the midrib prominent; length 3:25-4 in., breadth
1°25-1°65 in., petiole “6-75 in. Flowers 1-1°25 in. long, solitary, axil-
lary ; the peduncle short, decurved. Calyx as in B. gymnorhiza, but the
lobes only 10. Petals shorter than the calyx-lobes, deeply bifid,
with a stout seta in the sinus between the two narrow lobes, the edges
densely clothed with stout white hair, the apices of the lobes bescaare
one short bristle each. Fruit as in B. gymnorhiza, but the germinating
radicle shorter. Wall. Cat. 2451; Brandis For. Flora, 219; Hook. fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. I, 438. B. Rumphii, Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I,
138. B. parietosa, Griff. Notul. IV, 670; Ic. Pl. Asiat. t. 641.

In similar situations to the last, but notsocommon. Matacca;
Griffith 2206; Maingay 642. Prnane; Curtis 514. Pauanc; Ridley
1045C. Perak; Scortechint; Wray 2711. Distris. Malayan Archi-
pelago, Australasia.

3. BRUGUIERA CARYOPHYLLOIDES, Blume Enum. Pl. Javae I. 93.
A tree; young branches slender, with cicatries towards the apex.
Leaves oblanceolate or ovate-oblanceolate, slightly oblique, acute, the
base cuneate; upper surface shining when dry, the lower dull, both
pale in colour and the herves faint in both ; length 2°5 to 4 in., breadth
1-1°65 in., petiole ‘75-1 in. Cymes axillary, rather longer than the
peduncles, erect, laxly 2- or 3-flowered, (rarely only 1-flowered). Flowers
about “4 in. long, on short pedicels. Calyzx-tube clavate, not grooved
when fresh, surmounted by about 8 linear obtuse fleshy lobes as long as
itself, at first spreading, but finally reflexed. Petals as many as but
shorter than the calyx-lobes, apex bifid, the margins with scanty white
hairs outside ; the apical lobes obtuse, each crowned by 3-5 flexuose pale
hairs, the sinus with a single bristle. Stamens 16, unequal. F. ructing-calyx
about *5 in. long, the fruit in its fundus with the growing radicle pro-
truding and growing to 6-8 in, in length. Arn. in Ann, Nat. Hist., I,
368; Wight Ill. 210; Miq, Fl. Ind. Bat., Vol. I, Pt. I, 589; Kurz For.
Flora Burma I, 450; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 438. Trimen Flora Ceylon,
I, 153. Rhizophora caryophylloides, Jack Mal. Misc. I. 34; Hook. Bot.
Mise. II, 80; Wall. Cat. 4879; DC. Prod. III, 32. Kanilia caryophylloides,
Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. I, 141; Thwaites En. Pl. Ceyl. 120.
B. parviflora, Wall. (not of Blume) Cat. 4877 C and D.

In tidal Forests like the other species of the genus; in all the
provinces. Dustrip. Malay Archipelago. ,

4, Brucorera parvirtora, W. & A. Prodr. 311; Arn. in Ann. Nat.
Hist. I, 369. A shrub or small tree; young br Pa slender, the
cicatrices distant. Leaves oblong-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, acute,
much attenuate at the base; upper surface shining and showing the

315

316 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

nerves faintly when dry; the lower dull and evenious ; length 3-3°5 in.,
breadth °8 -1'25 in., petiole ‘75-1 in, Oymes axillary, longer than the
petioles, laxly 2-5-flowered, erect. Flowers erect, ‘4—‘5 in. long, their
peduncles slightly shorter. Calyzx-tube cylindric, crowned by 8 lanceo-
late erect lobes about a fourth of its own length. Petals as many as
the calyx-lobes but shorter, oblong; the apex broad, emarginate and
bearing five white short hairs, otherwise glabrous. Stamens 16, un-
equal, two embraced by each petal. Ovary 3-celled, fruiting-calyx
cylindric, ribbed, 1 in. long, the fruit concealed init; radicle growing to
4—5 in. before falling. Wight Ill. 210; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. Vol. I, Pt.
1, 588; Kurz For. Flora Burma, IT, 449. B. cylindrica, W. & A. Prod.
3LL. Rhizophora cylindrica, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 36. R. parviflora, Roxb,
Fl. Ind. II, 461; Wall. Cat. 4877. Kanilia parviflora, Blume Mus.
Bot. Lugd.-Bat. I, 140 t. 30; Dalz. & Gibs. Flora Bombay 90.
Tidal Forests.in all the provinces. Distris. Malaya.

3. Cerriops, Arn.

Shrubs. Leaves opposite, ovate or obovate. Stipules caducous,
axillary. OCymes condensed. Calyx 5-6-merous, surrounded at the base
by connate bracts. Petals 5-6, inserted at the base of a 10-12-lobed
fleshy disc, emarginate or truncate; their apices ciliate or with clavate
or capitate bristles. Stamens 10-12, filaments inserted between the lobes
of the disc; anthers 2-celled. Ovary 3-celled (at least above), cells 2-
ovuled; style short, stigma simple. Fruit obovoid, the reflexed limb
of the calyx persistent at its base, l-celled, l1-seeded. Germination as
in Rhizophora. Disrris. Species 7; river-mouths, tropics of Old World.

Flowers sessile ; petals setose-ciliate at the apex; anthers

linear, longer Pe the filaments ... .. Ll. C. Roxburghiana.
' Flowers pedicelled ; petals with 3 short Birato processes

at apex; anthers ovate, acute, much shorter than filaments 2. C. Candolleana.

1. Crrtops Roxpureuiana, Arn. in Ann. Nat. Hist. 1,364. A
glabrous dwarf tree or shrub 2-4 feet high. Leaves elliptic, slightly
obovate, or orbicular-elliptic, the apex rounded, the edges slightly re-
curved, rather narrowed at the base, (often somewhat abruptly) ; main
nerves faint on both surfaces ; the upper surface shining, the lower dull ;
length 2°25-3°75 in., breadth 1°5-2°25 in., petiole *75-1:15 in. Cymes
axillary, shortly pedunculate, not branched ; flowers °2 in. long, sessile,
densely crowded. Calyx with 5 or 6 ovate-lanceolate sub-acute lobes.
Petals oblong-obovate, the apex emarginate or sub-truncate, setose-
ciliate. Anthers linear, much longer than the short filaments. Frwt
clavate, *5 or ‘6 in. long, the protruded radicle a few inches long, clavate,

316

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 317

deeply ridged and furrowed. Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. Vol. I, Pt. 1, 591;
Kurz For. Flora Burma, I, 448 ; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 436; Trimen
Flora Ceylon I, 153. Rhizophora decandra, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 36;
Wall. Cat. 4875.

At the mouths of rivers, probably in all the provinces. Disrris,
Tropical tidal forests of the old World.

2. Certops Canponieana, Arn. in Ann. Nat. Hist. I, 364. <A glab-
rous shrub or dwarf tree 3-6 feet high. Leaves obovate-oblong, obtuse,
sometimes emarginate, much and gradually attenuate to the base, the
edges slightly reflexed, main nerves slightly visible on both surfaces
when dry, length 1:75-2 in., breadth 1-15 in., petiole 6-lL in. Cymes
axillary, peduncled, branched ; flowers *25 in. long, on short pedicels.
Oalyx-lobes 5, oblong, sub-obtuse. Petals oblong-obovate, the apex
truncate or emarginate and with 3 short clavate appendages. Stamens
10, nearly as long as the petals; the anthers ovate, acute, only about a
fourth of the length of the filaments. Fruit clavate, *5 in. long, the
protruded radicle a few inches to a foot long, (rarely longer,) gradually
thickening to near the apex and then becoming acute, deeply grooved
and ridged. Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. I, 142; Wight Ill. 209;
Icones t. 240; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. Vol. I, Pt. 1,590; Brandis For. Flora
218; Kurz For. Flora Burm. I, 448; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 436;
Trimen Flora Ceylon I, 152. Rhizophora timorensis, DC, Prod. III, 32.

At the mouths of rivers and in tidal swamps in all the provinces.
Disrris. Tropics of old World.

4, Kanpewia, Wight & Arn,

A small tree. Leaves opposite, coriaceous, oblong, obtuse; stipules
caducous. Peduncles axillary, dichotomously branched, few-flowered.
Flowers rather large, white. Calyx 5-6-merous, surrounded at the base
by connate bracteoles, adnate to the base of the ovary ; lobes linear—
lanceolate, valvate. Petals 5 or 6, bifid; the lobes multifid, segments ca-
pillary. Stamens indefinite, anthers small; filaments slender, exserted.
Ovary 1-celled, half-inferior, prolonged above the calyx into a fleshy
cone; style slender, stigma 3-iohed ; ovules 6, fixed in pairs to a central
column. fruit ovoid, girt at the base by the reflexed limb of the calyx,
l-celled, l-seeded. Radicle fusiform, very acuminate. Germination as
in Rhizophora,. Distris. <A single species; British India, Malaya.

1. Kaypetia Ruzepu, W. & A. Prodr. I, 310. Leaves narrowly
elliptic-oblong, obtuse, narrowed at the base, glabrous, 2-4 in. long, the |
petiole "46 in. Peduncles longer than the petiole, 2-3-chotomous, 4—9-
tlowered. lowers 6-"8 in. long, white. Fruit 1 in. long, obovoid ; the
protruded radicle 6-15 in. long, cylindric, not ridged. Arn. in Ann. Nat.

317

318 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Hist. I, 365; Blume Mus. Bot. 135; Wight Ill. I, t. 89; Hook. Ic. Pl.
t. 362; Wall. Cat. 4876; Kurz For. Flor. Brit. Burm. I, 449. Kurz
For. Flora Burma, I, 449; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 437. Rhizophora
Candel, Linn. Sp. Pl. 443; DC. Prodr. II], 32; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 36;
Wall. Cat. 4876.

AnpAMAN IsLANDS, and probably also in the other provinces.

5. Cararita, Roxb.

Trees or shrubs. Leaves coriaceous, glabrous, petiolate, ovate or
elliptic; stipules caducous. Peduncles short, rather thick. Flowers
smali, in short 3-chotomous axillary branching cymes, sessile and often
crowded. Calyz-tube cylindric or campanulate, minutely bracteate at
the base; limb 5-8-lobed, the lobes erect, short, valvate. Petals 5-8,
inserted on the margin of a crenulated disk lining the calyx-tube,
clawed, orbicular, 2-fid or entire, subserrate or lacerate at the apex.
Disc epigynous, 10-16-lobed. Stamens inserted with the petals, fila-
ments filiform; anthers small, oblong. Style subulate or filiform.
Fruit small, globose, coriaceous, l-celled, 1-seeded (unknown in two
species). Seed globose-reniform, testa fibrous, embryo curved.— Dis-
TRIB. Species about 12, natives of the Indian Ocean.

Cymes on peduncles as long as the petioles, bearing numer-

ous crowded sessile flowers ‘15 in. long 7. TL) Gilwerda:
Cymes on peduncles slightly longer than the anlacien bear-
ing from 3-5 shortly pedicelled flowers ‘1 in. long . 2 C. Scortechinit.

Cymes on peduncles much longer than the petioles, bearing
3 flowers ‘25 in, long on pedicels as long as themselves .. 3 OC. eugenoidea.

1. Caractta Lucipa, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 92; Corom. Plants III, t.
211. A small glabrous tree; young branches thin, dark-coloured when
dry. Leaves coriaceous, varying from obovate to elliptic-oblong, oval
or oblong-lanceolate; the edges recurved, entire or serrulate in the
upper half or three-fourths, the apex usually shortly cuspidate, the base
more or less cuneate; both surfaces shining and reticulate; the main
nerves numerous, spreading and interarching freely; length 2°5-3 in.,
breadth 1-1°75 in., petiole *25-35 in. Cymes axillary and from the
axils cf fallen leaves, on stout peduncies about as long as the petioles,
densely umbellate, usually trichotomous. Jlowers ‘15 in. long, sessile.
Calyx-tube cylindric, its mouth with 6 or 7 short triangular incurved
teeth. Petals equal in number to the calyx-teeth, orbicular, crenate,
clawed, not embracing. the stamens. Stamens twice as many as and
longer than the petals, the filaments much longer than the ovate anthers.
‘Fruit pisiform, glabrous, , pulpy, l-celled and usually only 1-seeded.
Roxb. Fl. Ind, IT, 481; Wall. Cat. 4880; Wight Ic. 605; Kurz For. Flora
Burma, I, 451. 0. integerrima, DC. Prodr. III, 33; Wight Ill. t, 90;

318 |

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 319

Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soe, III, 74; Bedd. FI. Sylvat. t. CXCIII; Dalz.
and Gibs. Fl. Bomb. 96; Brandis For. Flora 2i9; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
If, 489. Trimen Flora Ceylon I, 155. (0. ceylanica, C. corymbosa, and
C. sinensis, Arn, in Ann. Nat. Hist. I, 371. C. ceylanica, Arn. Wight
Ill. 211 t. 90. C. timorensis, Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I, 128? C.
octopetala, Muell. Fl. Aust. Trop. Occ. ex Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soe. ITT,
74. OC. symmetria, Blume Mus. 1. ec. 130.

PpRAK; very common. SrNneApors, and probably also in several of
the other provinces. Dustris. Malayan Archipelago, China, Australia,
British India.

DeCandolle’s C. integervima, published in 1828, is in my opinion merely the en-
tire-leaved form of this very common Indian tree, the leaves of which are sometimes
serrulate and sometimes entire. It is atree which Roxburgh could not possibly have
overlooked. He published and figured the serrulate-leaved form of it as C. lucida
in his Coromandel Plants (1819), having previously given the name in his Hortus
Bengalensis, p. 92. In the belief that C. lucida is the oldest name for this plant,
I have followed Kurz in restoring it. DeCandolle’s name C. integerrima is however
adopted by Mr. Bentham, and also by Mr. Henslow who described the Rhizophorex
in Hooker’s Flora of British India.

2. Caratiia Scorrecuiniut, King n. spec. A shrub or small tree;
young branches slender, opposite, smooth, dark-coloured when dry.
Leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, shortly caudate-acuminate, the
base slightly cuneate; the edges entire, slightly revolute when dry;
both surfaces shining, the lower with sparse black dots and with
the numerous spreading main nerves slightly prominent; length 2-2°75
in., breadth 1-1-25 in., petiole ‘2-25 in. Stipules lanceolate, °25 in. long,
caducous. Cymes axillary, on pedicels slightly longer than the petioles,
trichotomous, spreading, not crowded. Flowers 3-5, rather more than
‘Lin. long and about the same in width at the mouth, on pedicels nearly
‘1 in. long and bracteolate at the base. Calyz-tube campanulate, with 5
triangular lobes half as long as itself, their apices slightly inflexed.
Petals 5, thin, reniform, erose-crenate, clawed, each embracing a stamen.
Stamens 10, inserted on the 10-toothed epigynous disc, unequal. Ovary
adnate to the calyx-tube, 5-celled, with 2 axile ovules in each cell.
Style stout, as long as the calyx-lobes, stigma 5-lobed, Fruct unknown.

" Perak ; Scortechint 2023; King’s Collector 1013. Sincarore; Ridley
5593.

The specimens collected by Scortechini are described by him as taken from a
shrub 5 or 6 feet high, while those collected by Mr. Kunstler are noted as from a
tree 30-40 feet in height. They resemble each other exactly both in flowers and
leaves, and I have no doubt whatever that the two belong to the same species. I
give this species a name with considerable hesitation ; for it does not differ much
from Roxburgh’s description of C. lancefolia. It also closely resembles C. euspidata,
Blume, in leaves, but has larger flowers.

319

320 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

3. CARALLIA EUGENOIDEA, King n. spec. A tall tree; young
branches slender, glabrous, reddish when fresh, black when dry. Leaves
oblanceolate, the apex stb-acute, the base cuneate, the edges thickened
and with black glandular dots, entire ; upper surface shining when dry ;
the lower dull, the 6-8 pairs of spreading maih-nerves slightly pro-
minent; length 1°75-2:25 in., breadth °*8-11 in., petiole ‘2-25 in.
Stipules in pairs, lanceolate, ‘25 in. long, caducous, COymes axillary,
their peduncles an inch or more in length, bearing at the apex, on pedicels
as long as themselves, 3 flowers ‘25 in. in length. Calyx-tube narrowly
campanulate, with 5 triangular lobes as long as itself. Petuls apparent-
ly none. Stamens twice as many as the calyx-lobes; the filaments
alternately shorter, inserted on the 10-lobed disc. Ovary occupying the
tube of the calyx, 5-celled, with 2 nearly pendulous ovules in each cell ;
stigma 5-lobed. Fruit unknown.

Perak ; Scortechini, 326.

Tn the externals of the flowers and also in its leaves this has a superficial
resemblance to a Eugenia; but the presence of stipules and the structure of the
flower show it to be a true Carallia.

6. Pen~tacatyx, Korth.

Trees with bifarious opposite petiolate entire or obscurely serrulate
leaves and interpetiolar elongate caducous stipules. lowers axillary,
solitary or in pairs, minutely bracteolate. Calyx ebracteolate, its tube
tubular-campanulate, adherent to the ovary at its base; the mouth
expanded and with 4-6 short recurved valvate teeth. Petals 4-6,
lacerate at the apex, inserted on the margin of the tube of the calyx.
Stamens 8-12, incurved, inserted on the margin of the thin crenulated
disc lining the calyx-tube. Ovary half-inferior, 5-10-celled. Style
subulate; stigma discoid, 5-10-lobed; ovules many in each cell, fasci-
cled, attached to the axis. Fruit fleshy, sub-globose, 5-10-celled, many-
seeded. Seeds ovoid, with striate testa; albumen copious with the
embryo in its axis; cotyledons flat, narrow; the radicle terete and
elongate. Disrris. Two species, both Malayan.

Calyx-tube with 5 or 6 teeth; flowers 5-merous; leaves

| densely stellate rnsty-pubescent beneath oe .. L. P.agitlaria:
Calyx-tube with 4 teeth; flowers 4-merous; leaves glabrous 2. P. Saccardianus.

1. PrLLACALYX AXILLARIS, Korth. in Van der Hoey. & De Vr.

Tijdsch. III, 20, t. 2. Young branches rusty-pubescent. Leaves thinly
coriaceous, oblong, sometimes slightly wider above the middle, the apex
shortly and abruptly acuminate, the base rounded ; upper surface with
a few small scattered sub-stellate hairs, or sub-glabrous when old, the
midrib always pubescent; lower surface boldly reticulate and stellately

320

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. - 321

rusty-pubescent ; main nerves about 12 pairs, conspicuous beneath,
curving sharply upwards; length 45-7 in., breadth 1°25-2 in.; petiole
‘2-3 in., rusty-pubescent ; stipules lassedlinte’ rusty-pubescent, ‘35 in.
long. Flowers *25—35 in. long, on pedicels of about the same length,
both rusty-pubescent. Fruit pisiform, fleshy, -25 in. in diam., crowned
by the persistent wide upper part of the calyx. Benth. in Journ. Linn.
- Soe. III, 76; Griff. Notul. IV, 420; Ic. Pl. Asiat. t. 486.

Manaccea; Griffith 2217/1; Maingay 638. Penane; Griffith; Curtis
937. Singapore; Ridley 6917; <Anderson, 81. PERAK ; Scortechini
119; King’s Collector, 1049, 2036. |

2, PELLACALYX SACCARDIANUS, Scortechini in Nuov. Cea. Bot. Ital.
XVII, 143. <A small tree, young branches rusty-puberulous. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, oblong, shortly acuminate, edges entire, base rounded
or cuneate; upper surface quite glabrous, shining; the lower dull, paler,
slightly reticulate, glabrous or sometimes puberulous near the midrib
and nerves; main nerves 7-9 pairs, rather prominent beneath, spread-
ing and curving upwards; length 4-7 in., breadth 1-6-2 in., petiole
‘25 in. Flowers about ‘25 in. long, on slightly shorter pedicels, rusty-
puberulous. Calyz-tube as in P. axillaris but only 4-cleft. Petals 4,
broadly oblong,.emarginate, irregularly toothed towards the apex,
narrowed and entire atthe base. Stamens 8. Ovary usually 9-celled.
Fruit as in P. axillaris, but glabrous. Hemsley in Hooker’s Ic. Pl. 1546.

Perak; Scortechini 325. Wray 701, 1328. Manacca; Maingay 639.

This differs from P. avillaris, Korthals, in having glabrous or nearly glabrous
leaves with only 7-9 pairs of main nerves, and also in its tetramerous flowers.

7. GynotrocueEs, Blume.

Trees or shrubs. Leaves coriaceous, shining; stipules deciduous.
Flowers small, axillary, fascicled, the peduncles joined in the middie.
Calyx ebracteolate, 4-5-partite ; segments valvate, reflexed. Petals 4-5,
inserted below the margin of an 8~-10-lobed perigynous disc, clawed,
spathulate, fimbriate-lacerate. Stamens 8-10, inserted on the disc,
filaments filiform, anthers small. Ovary superior, adhering by a broad
base to the calyx, ovoid-globose, 3-6-angled, 3-6-celled; style columnar,
furrowed, conical at the base; stigma peltate, diel 5-lobed ; lobes
emarginate, recurved; ovules 4 in each cell, ascending, fascicled. Berry
globose, 4—6-celled, many-seeded. Seeds small, obovoid, testa crusta-
ceous and wrinkled, albumen fleshy, embryo terete. Disrris, Species 2,
both Malayan. |

GYNOTROCHES AXILLARIS, Blume Grae. 219. A tree; young branches
dark-coloured, smooth. Leaves oblong, or elliptic- wiloge to elliptic,
tapering to each end; the apex shortly and rather bluntly acuminate,

(82h

322 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

the edges entire; both surfaces shining, the lower much reticulate ;
main nerves 9-12 pairs, spreading, curving upwards; length 3°5-5°5 in.,
breadth 1°25-2°5 in., petiole '25--35 in. Fascicles 6-10-flowered, axillary,
shorter than the petioles. Flowers less than‘1 in. long, the pedicels
about as long as the fruit-producing flowers, sub-dicecious ; the stamen-
bearing flowers with perfect petals, but the ovary and stigma abortive ;
the flowers with fertile ovaries and with perfect stigmas having imper-
fect stamens and often abortive petals. Fruit a globular glabrous berry
‘1-15 in. in diam. Blume Mus. Bot. Lued. Bat. I, 127, t. XXXI; Mig.
Fl. Ind. Bat. Vol. I. Pt. I, 592; Kurz For. Flora Burma, I, 451; Hook.
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 440. G. Dryptopetalum, Blume Mus. 1. e. 127; Miq.
Fl. Ind. Bat. b. c. 592. Dryptopetalum coriaceum, Arn. in Ann. Nat.
Hist. I, 372. G. reticulata, A. Gray. Bot, Amer. Expl. Expedit. Vol. J,
607? Microtropis coriacea, Wall. Cat. 4338, Caseariu ? aeuminata,
Wall. Cat. 7198. Rubiacea, Wall. Cat. 8455.

In all the provinces; common, Dustris. The Malayan Archipelago.

8, AntsopHyLuna, Br.

Trees and shrubs, Leaves exstipulate, distichous, obliquely ovate-
lanceolate or elliptic, with 3-5 main nerves proceeding from the base
(the nervation pinnate in one species), quite entire ; the alternate leaves
sometimes smaller or minute and stipuliform. Flowers moncecious,
minute, in axillary simple or fascicled spikes, ebracteate or minutely
bracteolate. Calyx-twbe of 2 flower ovoid, adnate to the ovary, terete
or ribbed ; limb 4-fid, lobes erect. Petals 4, small, involute, entire, lobed
or lacerate. Stamens 8; filaments short, subulate; anthers small, didy-
mous, usually abortive in the females. Ovary inferior, 4-celled ; styles
4, subulate, erect or recurved, stigmas acute or subcapitate; ovules
solitary in each cell, pendulous, anatropous. Fruit coriaceous, oblong
or pyriform, ribbed or smooth, 1-seeded. Seed pendulous, exalbumin-
ous, testa coriaceous, embryo clavate, cotyledons very small or 0, radicle
large. Dusrris. Species 10, natives of Tropical Asia and Africa.

Leaves dimorphous ... ess ate .. J. 4. deshicha.
Leaves uniform :—
Flowers apetalous... ces awe «. 2. <A. apetala.
Flowers with 4 petals :—
Petals minute, deltoid be .. 3&3 A. Gaudichaudiana.
Petals thick, subquadrate, entire or Sgbenanr ginate 4. <A. Griffith.
Petals 3-fid at the apex... #e -« 5. <A, Scortechinit.
Petals divided to the very base into narrow seg-
ments cae t Se . 6 A. Curtisiz.

J}. ANISOPHYLLEA DISTICHA, Baill. in ‘Adtheoneep XI, 311. A shrnb
with ferruginous-pilose slender branches. Leaves atm tpa in two
322

z

Maierials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula, 323

series; the longer oblong-rhomboid, subfaleate, acute, the base cuneate,

subsessile, 3-nerved, puberulous or pubescent or sometimes nearly glab-
rous on both surfaces, ‘75-15 in. in length and about one-third or one-
quarter as much in breadth; the smaller set stipule-like, lanceolate
and only ‘25-3 in. long, inserted below the larger and overlapping
their bases. Male flowers in short few-flowered axillary fascicles and
racemes much shorter than the leaves, ‘05 in. in diam., on short pedi-
cels; calyx with 4 broad lobes; petals shorter than the calyx, trifid;
stamens 8,as long as the petals. Female flowers solitary, larger than
the males, subsessile; calyx-tube elongated, tubular, pubescent exter-
nally, connate with the ovary, crowned at the apex with 4 triangular
lobes ; petals and stamens as in the male; styles stout, shorter than the
petals, truncate; stigmas 2-lobed; fruit narrowly elliptic, tapering to
each end, with 8 vertical grooves, glabrous; seed oblong. Hook. fi,

in Herb. Kew; Hensl. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 442. Anisophyllea

trapezoidalis, Baill. in Adansonia, XI, 31]. Anisophyllum trapezoidale,
Baill. in Adansonia, III, 24, 26. Haloragis disticha, Jack Mal, Misc.
VI, 19; Wall. Cat. 2519; Hook. Journ. Bot. J, 371; Cale, Journ. Nat,
Hist, IV, 336,

In- all the provinces except the Andamans and Nicobars; common,
Distris. The Malayan Archipelago.

The name Anisophyllea was first given to this genus by Robert Brown, who
however published no description of it. In 1823, Sabine (in a paper published in
the Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond.) first used it in giving a popular description of a plant
from Sierra Leone under the name A. lawrina. Overlooking this publication,
Don founded for that very plant the genus Anisophyllum, and named it Aniso-
phyllum laurinwm, and this name was published in 1849 in Hooker’s Niger Flora, 342,
In the addenda and corrigenda to that volume, Don’s name is however reduced.and
Brown’s is restored. Baillon (in Adansonia ILI, 24 and 36,) applied the generic name

. Anisophyllum to three plants of which the present species is one. But, in a sub-

sequent volume of Adansonia (XI, 310 and 378) and in his Histoire des Plantes
(VI, 304), Baillon abandons Don’s name Anisophyllum and adopts Brown's earlier one.

2. ANISOPHYLLEA APETALA, Scortechini MSS. in Herb. Caleutt.
A tree 30-40 feet high; young branches slender, glabrous. Leaves
membranous, obloug to elliptic or ovate-elliptic, or elliptic-lanceolate,
caudate-acuminate, the base rounded or slightly cuneate; both surfaces
glabrous, minutely reticulate; the upper shining, the lower somewhat
dull when dry; main nerves 5, springing from the apex of the petiole,
the middle three bold, the two lateral rather faint; length 3-8 in.,
breadth 1°25-3 in., petiole ‘25-3 in. Racemes in lax few-branched
extra-axillary panicles as long as the leaves, the rachises glabrous.
Flowers monocious, depressed-globular, usually tetramerous, sometimes
(fide Scortechini) pentamerous. Male jluwers on pedicels longer than

323

324 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

themselves; calyx deeply cut into 4 (rarely 5) triangular thick concave
segments ; petals none; stumers 4, exserted, the filaments dilated at
the base; styles and ovary rudimentary. Female flowers on the same ~
branches as the males, sessile; calyx-twbe slightly elongated, the lobes of
the mouth smaller than in the male, staminodes shorter than the calyx-
lobes; ovary tetragonous, included in the calyx-tube, the styles
exserted; fruit ovoid or elliptic, tapering to each end, glabrous, with
vertical purple stripes, 2-3 in, long and 1-1°25 in. in diam.; pericarp
woody, thick.

Purak; Scortechint, 684 and 1808; Wray 2340, 2758; King’s
Collector 2932, 4326, 4792, 6587, 6318, 7399.

This resembles A. Gaudichaudiana, Baill. in the shape of its leaves which are,
however, much thinner in texture and more caudate-acuminate. It differs from
that, however, in having apetalous flowers, and in the males having longer pedicels.
The fruit also differs, being pointed at each end and quite glabrous, whereas the
fruit of A. Gaudichaudiana is obtuse at the ends and rusty-pubescent. 7

8 ANISOPHYLLEA GAUDICHAUDIANA, Baill. in Adansonia, XI, 311.
A tree 50-80 feet high ; young shoots rather slender, glabrous, minutely
lenticellate. Leaves coriaceous, broadly oblong to elliptic-oblong, entire,
shortly and rather bluntly acuminate, the base rounded or slightly
narrowed; both surfaces glabrous, dull when dry, with wide reticu-
lations and 5, rarely 7, bold vertical curving main nerves springing from
the apex of the petiole, the transverse connecting veins distinct; length
6-10 in., breadth 2°5-4 in.; petiole ‘25-3 in., stout, channelled, articulate
at the base. Panicles axillary, solitary or in fascicles, much shorter than
the leaves, with few short distant spicate rusty adpressed-pubescent
branches. Flowers moneecious. The males depressed-globose, mostly
about °05 in. in diam., on short pedicels; calyx of 4 triangular concave
fleshy segments; petals deltoid, much smaller than the calyx-lobes.
stamens 8, incurved, pistil rudimentary. Jemale flowers sessile, longer -
than the males; the calyz-tube elongate, tubular, containing the ovary,
its mouth with segments like the male ; stamens none ; styles 4, recurved.
Fruit large, subpyriform or ellipsoid, sub-oblique, obtuse, minutely
rusty-pubescent, 3°5 in. long, and 2°25 in. diam. ; pericarp woody, °5 in.
thick. Seed solitary. Hook. Ic. Plant. 1551. A. grandifolia, Hensl. in
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 442. Cocculus ? ? flavicans, Wall. Cat. 4976.
Strychnos ? grandis, Wall, Cat. 4454. Anisophyllum flavicans, Hook. &
Thoms. Fl. Ind. 175. A. grande, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soe. I, 79.

Penance; Gaudichaud, Maingay 1517, Curtis 521, Stolickza.
Perak ; King’s Collector 2706, 2731, 5472; Ridley 3029,

On the principle by which Herr Otto Kuntze desires to guide botanical nomen-
clature Baillon’s name A, Gaudichaudiana would have to give way tothe name A.

O24

Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula. 325

grandis, becanse, although Wallich referred the plant to a family with which it hag
no affinity, he gave it the earliest specific name “ grandis,”

4, ANIsopHyLLuA GrirFiTHit, Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXIII,
460. t. 48. A tree 40-50 feet high, with drooping branches; young
branches slender, glabrous. Leaves thinly coriaceous, ptootiiohty ellow
when dry, lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or broadly elliptic-lanceolate, the
apex bluntly acuminate, the base cuneate, the edges entire and slightly
revolute when dry; both surfaces glabrous and very minutely dotted,
the upper shining, the lower rather dull; length 2°5-3°5 in., breadth
1-2-2 in., petiole *15—"2 in.; a basal nerve springing from the apex of the
petiole on each side and running close to the edge ; main nerves pinnate,
about 6 pairs, oblique, curving but slightly. Spikes solitary or in pairs,
axillary or extra-axillary, slender, tawny-puberulous, *75-1 in. long,
(1°5-2°75 in., fide Oliver), laxly-flowered. Male flowers ‘05 in. in diam.,
sessile ; calya-limb with 4 triangular coriaceous lobes ; petals 4, shorter
than the calyx-lobes, thick, broadly-oblong, Pas Bana Nay entire or
faintly emarginate ; stamens 8, the 4 opposite to the petals attached
to the latter, filaments dilated, anthers broadly-elliptic; styles 4, free,
subulate, ovary imperfect. Female flowers like the males, but the
calyz-tube elongated and containing the 4-celled ovary. Fruit globular-
ellipsoid, obtuse at each end, glabrous, smooth, 1:75°in. long and 1°35
in. indiam. Laws. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 442.

Maraccea; Grifith 2439, Penane; Curtis 148 and 1511. Perak;
King’s Collector 7600.

This differs from all other Malayan species in the pinnate venation of its leaves.
There are indeed two nerves which spring along with the midrib from the apex of
the petiole and run round the edges, but the midrib has pinnate branches.

5. ANISOPHYLLEA SCORTECHINII, King n. spec. A tree 25-30 feet
high; young branches slender, rusty-tomentose. Leaves falcately
lanceolate-rhomboidal, the apex much acuminate, the base obliquely
acute; both surfaces shining, the upper quite glabrous, the lower
glabrous except for a few thin scattered brown apically-directed
adpressed hairs on the intercostal spaces ; the nerves (and particularly
the middle one) more pubescent, especially towards the base; main
nerves 3, 4 (from the splitting of the middle one) or rarely 5, springing
from the apex of the petiole, the middle one straight, the two lateral
curved; all prominent on the lower and deeply depressed on the upper
surface ; connecting veins sub-horizontal, prominent; length 2°5-3 in. “s
breadth *6-1:25 in., petiole *15 in. Panicles extra-axillary, with only
1 or 2 branches, ‘5-1 in. long, rusty- -pubescent. Male jlowers ‘1 in. in
diam., on pedicels as long as themselves, minutely bracteolate at the base ;
calyxz-lobes 4 or 5, broadly ovate-acute, not concave, reflexed; petals

325

326 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

shorter than the calyx-lobes, 3-fid at the apex; stamens 8; styles 4,
conical, rudimentary. Female flower larger than the male and with the
calyx-tube elongated and containing the ovary; lobes of the mouth
broadly ovate; stamens 8; rudimentary styles 4, stout, as long as the
calyx-lobes ; stigmas sub-capitate. Fruit ellipsoid, glabrous, *70 in. long
and ‘4 in. in diam., glabrous, smooth ; the pericarp woody.

Perak; Scortechini 1807. Wray 960 and 2100; King’s Collector
5681, 8821.

A species closely allied to the Bornean A. rhomboidea, Baill. The latter species
has however leaves of thinner texture, and their main nerves are more pubescent
beneath while, instead of being deeply depressed on the upper surface, they are
scarcely visible. The transverse veins are also finer and less visible than in the
leaves of this, while the lower surface has numerous minute white scales; the leaves
of this have no scales. The petals of A. rhomboidea are described by Baillon as
flabellate-incised.

6. AntsopHyrtea Corrisi1, King n. spec. A tree 30-40 feet high
with drooping branches ; young twigs slender, deciduously and sparsely
adpressed rusty-pubescent. Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate,
slightly oblique especially towards the rather abruptly and obliquely
cuneate base, gradually tapering to the caudate-acuminate apex; upper
surface glabrous, not reticulate ; the lower faintly reticulate, glabrous
except for afew adpressed hairs near the base; main nerves 5, spring-
ing from the apex of the petiole, the two outer faint and running close
to the edge, the three middle prominent on the lower surface but
obsolete on the upper; length 2°5-3'25 in., breadth *8-1:25 in., petiole
‘2 in. Male and female flowers on distinct adpressed-pubescent spikes
about ‘5 in long, each flower with a short blunt bracteole at its base.
Male flowers ‘15 in. long, sessile, clavate; calyx-tube elongate, rusty
adpressed-pubescent externally, its mouth with 4 broadly triangular lobes ;
petals 4, as long as the calyx-lobes or longer, cut almost to the base into
filiform lobes ; stamens 8, with filaments of unequal length, those with
short filaments attached to the petals; styles subulate, ovary abortive.
Female flowers *25 in. long, the calyx-tube longer than in the male and
ribbed; lobes of the mouth reflexed. Petals as in the male but larger
and with more lobes; sfumens as in the male; style as long as the
petals. Fruit unknown.

Penance; Curtis 746.

A very distinct species, at once recognised by its comparatively large flowers
and deeply fimbriate petals; allied to A. rhomboidea, Baill. and to A, BAL eye,
King; but well distinct from either.

Orper XLV. COMBRETACEA.

Trees or shrubs, often climbers. Leaves alternate subopposite or
326

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 327

opposite, sometimes ternate, petioled, entire, simple (in T[lligera 3-folio-
late) ; stipules 0. Flowers bracteolate at the base, in the tribe Gyrocar
pese cymose ; in the Combretexe spicate or racemose (the racemes often
panicled) ; often polygamo-monecious. Calya-tube adnate to the ovary
and produced above it (sometimes to a great length), the limb of 4-5
(rarely 4-7) valvate lobes. Petals 4-5 or 0, (rarely 6-7). Stamens 4-5
or 8-10, inserted on the calyx; (in the Gyrocarpee the filaments with
staminodes attached at the base, and the anthers dehiscing by recurved
lateral valves). Ovary inferior, 1-celled; style simple ; stigma simple or.
in Iiligera sinuate, almost lobed; ovules 1-7 (usually 2-3), pendulous
from the apex of the cell. Fruit coriaceous or drupaceous, generally
indehiscent, ovate, angular or very commonly winged ; in Calycopteris
and Gyrocarpus crowned by the greatly enlarged calyx. Seed 1, with-
out albumen; cotyledons in Terminalia and others convolute ; in Com-
bretwm and others plano-convex. Dustris. Species about 320, in the
tropics of the whole world ; and in 8.-Africa outside the tropics.

Sus-Orprr I. Compretem. Calyx-lobes valvate; stamens

without basal glands or staminodes ; the anthers with longi-

tudinal dehiscence. Ovules 2-7, suspended by long funicles.

Flowers in spikes or racemes :—

Flowers apetalous :—

Limb of the calyx deciduous _... a -- 1, TERMINALIA.
Limb of the calyx accrescent . 2, CALYCOPTERIS,
Flowers with 4 or 5 petals (except in banekes ape-
talum) : —
Limb of the calyx persistent, leaves alternate --- 3. LUMNITZERA.

Limb of the calyx deciduons, leaves opposite :—
Calyx-tube prolonged above the ovary for less than

[2 ees ove ove 4. COMBRETUM.
Calyx-tube ieetoneea above the ovary for from ‘75-
2°5 in. saa Bie QuIsQuALIS.

SuB-ORDER II. alec sone Calyz-lobes 5 ee or iat

cate; stamens with glands or staminodes at their bases;

anthers dehiscing by up-turned valves. Ovule 1, suspended

by a short funicle. Flowers cymose :—
Scandent ; leaves 3-foliolate aad wa «- 6. ILLIGRRA.
Trees; leaves entire ... on ~ .. % GYROCARPUS.

1. Terma, Linn. © _

Large trees. Leaves alternate or subopposite, exstipulate, entire or
slightly crenulate, often with glands on the petiole or near the base of
the midrib beneath. Flowers small, spicate, (the spikes sometimes pani-
cled), hermaphrodite, the upper flowers on the racemes often males and
the lower hermaphrodite ; a narrow deciduous bract at the base of each
flower. Calyz-tube produced above the ovary, having a campanulate

327

328 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula,

mouth with 5 short valvate triangular lobes, deciduous. Petals 0.
Stamens 10, inserted on the calyx-tube ; the epigynous dise within them
densely hairy. Ovary 1-celled, inferior ; style long, simple; ovules 2 or
3, pendulous from the summit of the cell. rit ovoid, various im
size and texture, smooth or angular, or with 2-5 wings, indehiscent,
coriaceous. Seed solitary, exalbuminous, cotyledons convolute. Disrris.
Species 135; in the tropics of both worlds.

Sect. I. Fruit ovoid or elliptic, sometimes compressed,

never winged, but sometimes keeled at the edges or obscure-.

ly 4—5-ridged :—
Leaves broadly oblong, lanceolate-oblong to elliptic-oblong ;
fruit sub-clavate, obscurely 5-ridged, glabrous, 2~3in.long 1. T. citrina.
Leaves elliptic or ovate, acuminate ; fruit oblong, obscure-
ly 5-ribbed, slightly compressed on one side, *6—"75 in. iong,
glabrous... es ont 2. T. Mani.
Leaves obovate, broadly sitipitene or Beab- rotund, mnisratilly
papillose on the upper surface, the petioles very long (1°75-4
in.); fruit ovoid or globular-ovoid, minutely tomentose ... 3, T. belerica.
Leaves obovate, tapering to a very narrow base; fruit

glabrous :—
Fruit elliptic, 2°25 in. long, with very thick corky peri-
carp; leaves 3-4 in. long = .. 4 TT. phellocarpa.
Fruit obovate-ellipsoid, plano-convex, 1 5 in. long;
leaves 5-6'5 in. long... mn . & T. fetidissima,
Fruit ellipsoid, somewhat compressed, iegied at the
edges, 2 in. long ; pericarp fleshy ; leaves 6-9 in. long 6. TZ. Catappa.

Sect. II. Fruit narrowly elliptic, its edges produced into 2
broad leathery wings :—
Leaves obovate or oblong-obovate, 6-9 in. long, the peti-
oles 2°25-2°75 in.; fruit 1°25-1°75 in. long, its breadth
(including the wings) 2°5-3'5 in. ... saa .. 7. 4. dialata.
Leaves spathulate-oblanceolate, 3-4 in. long, the petioles
1:15-1'5 in.; fruit °75-1°25 in. SOE: its breadth (including
the wings) 1°2-2in. ... — ee ag subspathulata.

1. TERMINALIA CITRINA, Fleming in Asiat. Res. XI, i83, <A glab-—

rous tree 60-80 feet high ; young shoots slender, rusty-pubescent, but

at an early stage glabrous. Leaves thinly coriaceous, sometimes almost
opposite, from broadly oblong-lanceolate to elliptic-oblong, on short
bi-glandular petioles, the apex acute or shortly acuminate, the base cune-
ate or sometimes rounded; both surfaces when very young rusty-puberu-
lous, afterwards perfectly glabrous and shining, the lower minutely areo-
late-reticulate, the bottom of the areole an with white felt; main
nerves 8-12 pairs, curving upwards, distinct on both surfaces when dry;
length 3-6 in., breadth 1°25-2°5 in., petiole -4 or ‘5 in. Spikes in small
panicles shorter than the leaves, axillary, deciduously rusty-puberulous.

328

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 329

Flowers ‘2 in. in diam., sessile, all hermaphrodite, each with a deciduous
linear bractecle. Calyx: glabrous outside, rusty-villous inside, the tube _
oblong; glands 5, rusty-woolly. Drupe —oblong-lanceolate, slightly
clavate, smooth, glabrous, obscurely 5-ridged, 2-3 in. long, and *75-1L
in. in diam. Roxb. Hort. Beng. 33; Fl. Ind. If, 435; Wall. Cat. 3970 ;
DO. Prodr. If, 12; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 602; Kurz For. Flora
Burma, I, 456; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. TI, 446; W. & A.

Prodr. 313; Brand. For. Fl. 223. Myrobalanu citrina, Gaertn. Fruct.

II, t. 97.

Britisn Inpia.
Var. 2, malayana, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 447.

‘Petioles *75-1'25 in. long. Fruit about 1 in. long.

Nicopar JsuAnps; Jelinek, Kurz. Matacca; Griffith 2178. Maingay
643. Perak; King’s Collector 3173.

This species and its variety malayana may be readily distinguished from Tf.

-Chebula, Retz (which in many respects it resembles) and from every other Asiatic
Terminalia by the peculiar areolate reticulation of the under surface of the leaves.

2. Teruinatta Manu, King n. spec. A tree 20-40 feet high;
young shoots slender, deciduously rusty-puberulous, lenticellate. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, almost opposite, not crowded, scattered, elliptic or

ovate, shortly and rather abruptly acuminate, the base rounded or some-

what cuneate and slightly oblique ; both surfaces glabrescent or glabrous,

miuutely reticulate, the reticulations on the lower tesselate ; main nerves

9-12 (rarely 14) pairs, spreading, curving upwards at the tips; length

.3°25-6'5 in., breadth 2-3 in.; petiole ‘75 in, long, often with 2 sessile
oblong glands at the sides near its apex. Panicles lateral and terminal,

‘with numerous spike-like rusty-puberulous ultimately glabrous branches

shorter than the leaves when in flower, longer when in fruit. Flowers

“15 in. in diam. at the mouth, each subtended by a linear puberulous

bracteole as long as itself. Ovary narrow, cylindric, thickened and

‘pubescent towards the base, the upper half and the mouth glabrous ~

outside; the mouth cupular with inconspicuous broad shallow teeth,
woolly inside. Stumens exserted, glabrous. Fruit oblong, tapering a
little to each end, slightly compressed on one side, obscurely 5-ridged,
quite glabrous, ‘6--75 in. long, and ‘3-"35 in. in diam. ; pericarp crusta-
ceous, hard, thick. :

Nicopar and Anpaman Istanps; King’s Collectors.

Named in honour of Mr. E. H. Man, C. I. E., Deputy Superintendent of the

Andaman and Nicobar Islands, whose powerful help has made it possible to explore
the Forests of these most interesting islands; a species of which the nearest ally is

-prubably T. citrina, Roxb.

3. TerMinatia BELURICA, Roxb. Fl. Ind. IJ, 431. A talltrees.”
ee : thi 329

330 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Leaves clustered at the apices of the branches, coriaceous, obovate,
broadly elliptic or sub-rotund, the petioles long; the apex usually
broad and rounded, rarely subacute; the base slightly cuneate, some-
times slightly unequal; both surfaces puberulous when young, glabrous
and reticulate when old, the upper with numerous minute papille ; main
nerves 6-8 pairs, spreading, prominent, the midrib prominent on both
sides and sometimes with 2 glands near the sides of its base; length 45-8
in., breadth 3°5-4°75 in, petiole 1:75-4 in. Spikes axillary, slender,
longer than the petioles, shorter than the leaves, rusty-pubesceut.
Flowers about °25 in. in diam., those in the upper part of the spike
male, those in the lower hermaphrodite. Calyx-tube short, stout, includ-
ing the ovary, minutely tomentose, the mouth with broad triangular
lobes, pubesceut outside, densely villous inside. Stamens much exserted.
Drupe ovoid or globular-ovoid, densely covered with minute pale tomen-
tum, when dried obscurely 5-angled, 1 in. long and 75 in. in diam.
W. & A. Prodr. 313 (excl. syn.) ; Wall. Cat. 3963; Wight Ic. t. 91;
Thwaites Enum. 103; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. FI. 91; Brand. For. FI.
222; Kurz For. Fl. Brit. Burma J, 455; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 445;
Bedd. Fl. Sylvat. t. 19; Trimen FI. Gaur IT, 159. 2. Gella, Dalz. in
Hook. Kew Journ. III, 297. T. punctata, Roth Nov. Sp. 381; DC.
Prodr. III, 13. . eglandulosa, Roxb. Herb. (wrongly referred in Willd.
Sp. Pl. IV, 968). 1’. moluccana, Roxb. Hort, Beng. 33; Fl. Ind. IT, 432.

Perak; Scortechint 1684; King’s Collector 8778. Disreis. British
India.

Roxburgh describes and figures (Corom. Plants t.198; Fl. Ind. IT, 431) a form
of this with two glands at the apex of the petiole on the under surface of the
leaf; but this form has not hitherto been collected in any Malayan country, and its
occurrence in British India must be rare.

4, TBRMINALIA PHELLOCARPA, King n, sp. A tree; young branches
rather slender, deciduously rusty-tomentose. Leaves crowded near the
apices of the branches, coriaceous, obovate, blunt, tapering from above
the middle to. the petiole, slightly oblique at the base; both surfaces
glabrous aud shining, the lower widely reticulate and minutely dotted ;
main neryes 4-6 pairs, spreading but curving upwards; length 3-41 in.,
breadth 1°75-2 in.; petiole about ‘8 in., thickened towards the Bas
rusty-pubescent. Flowers unknown. Fruit elliptic, blunt at each end,
2°3 in. long, breadth 1°5 in.; the apex with a short sharp mammilla °15
in. long, the pericarp thick, spongy, with horizontal layers of fibrous
tissue, the endocarp woody. |

Sincarore; on Bukit Mandai, H. N. Ridley.

This has been collected only once, and the specimens are without flowers. I en
named it from its corky fruit. In its leaves this greatly resembles the Philippine
species 7. nitens, Pres]; but that has a yery much smaller fruit than this; more-

330

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 331
——
over the petioles
ent.

of its leaves are glabrous, whereas in this the petioles are pubes-

5. Terminacta raripissima, Griff. Notul. 1V, 685. A tall tree; young
branches as thick as aswan’s quill, puberulous, rather rough. Leaves
coriaceous, obovate, minutely cuspidate, narrowed from above the middle
to the acute base; upper surface quite glabrous, very shining when dry
the lower duller, glabrous except the sparsely rusty-pubescent midrib
and nerves; main nerves 7-9 pairs, spreading but curving upwards ;
length 5-6°5 in., breadth 2°25-3°25 in.; petiole about ‘8 in., terete.
Spikes solitary, axillary, nearly as long as the leaves, rusty-pubescent.
Flowers nearly all hermaphrodite, about °2 in. in diam.; their ovaries
elongate, clavate, rusty-tomentose, each with a linear bracteole, Calyz-
teeth sparsely hairy, the mouth rusty-villous inside. Drupe obovate-
ellipsoid, subacute, plano-convex, glabrous when ripe, 1°5 in. long.
Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 445.

Mauacca; Griffith, Maingay 6435 and 644, Distris. Burma.

6. Terminauia Catapea, Linn. Mant. II, 519. A tree 80-120
feet high; young branches stout, puberulous, becoming glabrous, the
tips with large cicatrices. Leaves coriaceous, obovate or obovate-
oblong, with a much attenuate cordate and often bi-glandular base; the
petiole very short, stout, broad and channelled ; both surfaces glabrous ;
main nerves 8-12 pairs, spreading, not prominent when dry; length
6-9 in., breadth 3°5-5 in., petiole ‘35 in. Spikes axillary, slender,
glabrous, shorter than the leaves. Flowers ‘2 in. in diam., each with a
small bracteole, tliose in the upper part of the raceme mostly male
and shortly pedicelled, those in the lower part hermaphrodite ; calyx-
tube containing the ovary, conical. Calye glabrous outside, the mouth
villous inside. Ovary glabrous. Drupe ellipsoid, somewhat compressed,
keeled all round, pointed at the base, glabrous; pericarp pulpy, endocarp
woody and very hard; length 2 in., breadth 1°25 in. Willd. Sp. Pl. IV,
967; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 33; Fl. Ind. II, 430; Lamk. Ill. t, 848; DC.
Prodr. III, 11; Wall. Cat. 3975; W. & A. Prodr. 313; Wight Ic. 172;
Bot. Mag. 3004; Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 599; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 18;
Kurz For. Fl. Brit. Burma, I, 454; Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 444,
T. Catappa aud 7’. Badumia, Tulasne in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. IV, Vol. VI,
92. T. moluccana, Lamk. Dict. I, 349, (not of Roxb.) ; DC.-Prodr. IIT.
11; Willd. Sp. Pl. IV, 96 (excluding the synonym 1’. eglandulosa, Roxb.)
T. procera, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 33; FI. Ind. II, 249; Wall. Cat. 3974 ;

Kurz For. Flora Burma, I, 454. Terminalia nov. spec. 168, Kurz in

— Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1876, pt. II, p. 180. TL. Myrobalana, Roth Nov.

Sp. 378. 1. subcordata, Willd. Sp. Pl. IV, 968. T. intermedia, Spreng.

Syst. Il, 359. Juglans Catappa, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 703. Catappa do-
331

332 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

mestica, C. litorea and €. sylvestris, Rumph. Herb. Amboin. I, t. 68.°
Badamia Commersoni, Gaertn. Fruct. II, 97; Rheede Hort. Mal. IV,’

t. 3, 4.
Tn all the provinces ; near the coast.

A magnificent species, at times attaining an enormous height, and usually with

horizontal branches. The stem is frequently most picturesquely butressed. The
embryo is eatable, and is often known to Europeans in the East as the “ Indian
Almond.” I have reduced to this 7. procera, Roxb., the only tangible distinction
between which and T. Catappa is said to be its obseurely 5-ridged fruit, But
fruits with this peculiarity may be gathered from the same trees as those bearing
the ordinary sharp-edged smooth fruit.

7. TerMinania BIALATA, Steud. Nomencl. I, 668. <A glabrous tree

80-100 feet high; young branches stout and with large cicatrices.

Leaves crowded at the apices of the branches, alternate, thinly coria-|
ceous, obovate or obovate-oblong, with long petioles, the apex abruptly

and shortly cuspidate, narrowed from above the middle to the cuneate
and usually oblique base; upper surface shining when dry, the lower

dull and paler, the reticulations rather distinct on both; main nerves.
7-9 pairs, spreading, rather distinct on both surfaces ehen dry ; length
6-9 in, breadth 2°75-4°5 in., petioles 2:25-2:75 in. Sykes axillary,
drooping, solitary, longer than the petioles but rather shorter than the |

leaves, rusty-puberulous. Flowers ‘2 in. in diam., sessile, the male
flowers in the upper part, the hermaphrodite flowers in the lower,
each with a minute deciduous bracteole. Calyx rusty-pubescent out-

side, densely rusty-villous inside ; the lobes triangular, reflexed. Stamens

exserted. Ovary villous. Fruit ellipsoid, tapering to each end, some-
what flattened on one side, covered with minute dense rusty tomen-
tum and with 2 large slightly wavy, coriaceous, puberulous, horizontally
striate lateral wings; length of fruit 1:25-1°75 in, breadth ‘5-765 in.,
the wings from 1°25-1°75 in. in width. Kurz For. Flora Burma, I, 456 ;
Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 449. Pentaptera bialata, Roxb.
Hort. Beng. 34; Fl. Ind. IT, 441; Wall. Cat. 3986.

ANDAMAN, and probably also the Nicopar Istanps. Disrris. Burma.

8. TERMINALIA SUBSPATHULATA, King n. spec. <A tree over 100 feet
high; young branches rather slender, deciduously puberulous. Leaves
alternate, crowded near the ends of the branches, coriaceous, spathulate-
oblanceolate, shortly and bluntly cuspidate, tapering from near the apex
to the long petiole, eglandular and sometimes slightly oblique at the
base, the edges thickened and sli gbtly revolute ; upper surface glabrous
and shining, the lower pale and sub-glaucous, both minutely reticulate ;
main nerves about 8 pairs, spreading and curving upwards, distinct ;
length 3-4 in., breadth near the apex 1-16 in., petiole 115-15 in.
Spikes solitary, axillary, shorter than the leaves w hen in flower, longer

352

Muterials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. ° 333.

when in fruit, rusty-pubescent. Flowers ‘15 in. in diam., those in the
upper part of the spike male, those in the lower hermaphrodite. Calyx
minutely rusty-pubescent outside ; the tube narrow, sub-cylindric in the
female, tapering much upwards; the mouth wide, cupular and with.
5 broadly triangular shallow reflexed teeth, shortly lanate at the
base. Stamens exserted. Fruit narrowly elliptic, cylindric at the ends,
‘75-125 in. long; the edges produced into 2 coriaceous, horizontally
striate, glabrous wings each ‘6-1 in. wide.

Singarore; Ridley 5733. Matacca ; Derry 1037., Perak; King’s
Collector 4529.

2. Catycopreris, Lamk.

A diffuse sub-scandent shrub with drooping. branches. Leaves
opposite, shortly petioled, elliptic or ovate, acuminate, entire. Racemes
dense, axillary, and crowded towards the ends of the branches so as to
form large panicles. Flowers small, greenish, each with a lanceolate
bract. Calyx-tube 5-striate, produced above the ovary; limb 5-fid,
persistent and much enlarged in fruit. Petuls 0. Stamens 10, the five
upper ones between the calyx-teeth, the five others alternate with them:
and lower down on the calyx-tube. Ovary 1-celled, inferior; style
subulate, simple; ovules 3, pendulous from the top of the cell. Fruit
narrowly ovoid, 5-ribbed, villous, 1-seeded, surmounted by the enlarged
calyx. Colyledons convolute. The only species.

CALYCOPTERIS: FLORTBUNDA, Lamk: Dict., Suppl. IT, 41, and IIl. t. 357.
A diffuse scrambling shrub, sub-scandent; young branches slender,
puberulous. Leaves sub-coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate to ovate-oblong,
sometimes shortly acuminate, the base rounded or slightly narrowed ;
both surfaces minutely tomentose, the upper tawny, the lower rusty and
pitted; main nerves 5 or 6 pairs, ascending, curved, rather prominent
beneath; length 2°5—4 in., breadth 1-2 in., petiole ‘2-3 in. . Inflorescence.
rusty-tomentose. Flowers °35 in. in diam., sessile, yellowish-green,
each with a short lanceolate pubescent bracteole. Stamens unequal, but
all much shorter than the linear-lanceolate calyx-lobes. Fruit about
*35 in. long, narrowly oblong, 5-angled, crowned by the~ enlarged
veined calyx-lobes which often attain from *75-1 in. in length. Bran-
dis For. Flora 220; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I], 449. Caly-
copteris nutans, Kurz Journ. As. Soc. Beng. Vol. XLVI, pt. H, p. 59;
For. Flora Burma, I, 468. Getonia floribunda, Roxb. Cor, Pl. t. 87 and
Fl. Ind. IT, 428; Roth Nov. Sp. 216; DC. Prodr. III, 15 ;. Dalz. & Gibs. —

Bomb. Fl, 91; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. J, pt. I, 605; W. & A. Prodr.. 315;

Wall. Cat. 4013. Getonia nutans, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 33; FI. Ind. II,

428; Wall. Cat. 4012; Mig. 1.c.; DC. Prodr. HI, 15. Getonia nitida,

Roth Noy. Sp. 217. Combretum sericeum, Wall. in Herb. Cale.
333

334 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Penana; Wallich. Sincarorr; Lobb. Trang; King’s Collector.
Anpamans ; King’s Collector. Distris. British India.

There is a variety of this, with glabrous leaves and with the longer stamens
equalling the calyx-lobes, to which Kurz has given the varietal name floribunda,
his name for the typical form being C. nutans. I have seen no specimens of the
glabrous variety from any of the Malayan provinces.

3. Lumnirzera, Willd.

Large glabrous shrubs or small trees, growing in tropical salt

marshes along with Mangroves and closely resembling them in habit.

Leaves clustered towards the ends of the branches, alternate, thickly
leathery, subsessile, narrowly obovate, entire or scarcely crenate.
Flowers in racemes. Calyx-tube with two adnate bracteoles near the
base, oblong, narrowed at both ends, produced above the ovary; lobes
5, persistent. Petals 5, oblong. Stamens 10 in two series, or fewer.
Ovary inferior, 1-celled ; style subulate, simple; ovules 2-5, pendulous
from the top of the cell. Fruit woody, elliptic-oblong, 3-1 in. (includ-
ing the calyx-limb), longitudinally striate or nearly smooth. Seed 1;

cotyledons convolute.—Disrris. Species 2; on the shores of the tropics.

of the Old Worla and of Polynesia.

Petals scarlet ; stamens twice as long as the petals and of the

same colour Ae oo ne ate . IL. D. coccinea.
Petals white; stamens of the same colour and length as the
petals bei . 2. DL. racemosa.

1. Lumyirzera coccinea, W: & A. Prodr. 316. A small tree 12-40
feet high. Leaves oblanceolate, obtuse, 2-3 im. long. Racemes terminal,
sometimes several together forming a panicle. Petals searlet, 25 in.
long. Stamens 5-10 (usually 7), twice as long as the petals and of the
same colour. Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I. pt. I, p. 606 ; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br.
Ind. II, 452. L. littorea, Voigt Hort. Suburb. Calc. 39 Kurz For. Fi.
Brit. Burma, I, 469. L. pentandra, Griff. Notul. IV, 684, and Ie. Pl. Asiat.
t. 644. Pyrranthus littoreus, Jack Mal. Misc. I, 57; Wall. Cat, 4018.

Anpaman Istanps. Perak; King’s Collector 1180; Scortechini 1001;
and probably in the Mangrove swamps of all the provinces; Disrrts.
British India, the Malayan Archipelago, North Australia and Polynesia.

2. Lumyirzera racemosa, Willd. in Ges. Naturf. Fr. Neue Schr.
IV, (1803), 187. A small tree 20-40 feet high. Leaves oblanceolate to
oval, obtuse, 1-3 in. long. Racemes axillary, elongating in fruit. Petals
minute, white. Stamens 5-10, about as long as the petals and also
white. DOC. Prodr. IIT, 22; W. & A. Prodr. 316; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat.
I, pt. I, 606; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 90; Tulasne in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser.
IV, Vol. IV, p. 103; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. Pl. XXI; Brand, For. Fl. 221;

334 .

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 339

Kurz For. Fl. Brit. Burma I, 468; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Td. IT,
452. Pyrranthus albus, Wall, Cat. 4019. Petaloma alternifolia, Roxb.
Fl. Ind. I, 372. Bruguiera madagascariensis, DC: Prodr. III, 28.
Rheede Hort. Mal. VI, t. 37.

In Mangrove-swamps in all the Provinces. Disrris. British India,
the Malayan Archipelago, North Australia and Polynesia.

4, Compretum, Linn.

Shrubs with long pendent or scandent branches. Leaves entire,
petioled, opposite or more seldom alternate or ternate. Flowers herma-
phrodite or polygamo-dicecious, in spikes or panicles, bracteoles small.
Calya-tube constricted above the ovary, short or long-produced, urceo-
late funnel-shaped tubular or campanulate; limb 4-5-lobed, deciduous.
Petals as many as the calyx-lobes, (0 in C. apetalum), placed on the
calyx-limb. Stamens twice as many as the petals, inserted in two series
with them. Ovary inferior, 1-celled; style 1, subulate, simple; ovules
2-5, pendent from the top of the cell. Fruit with 4-5 wings angles or
ridges, dry, generally indehiscent. Seed 1; cotyledons plaited or flat,
in a few species convoluted. Dusrris. Species 160, common in the
tropics of America, Africa and Asia; also in South Africa.

Flowers 5-merous ; fruit 5-angled ... ae ee Ll. C. trifoliatum.
Flowers 4-merous ; fruit 4-angled ... dia «. 2. C. tetralophum.
Flowers 4-merous ; fruit 4-winged :—

Tube of calyx much elongate ; flowers not Squamose, buds

ellipsoid, their apices very much pointed :—

Flowers condensed in globose masses at the ends of the

branches of the panicle aa be -- 3. OC. sundiacum.
Flower-spikes elongated wea 4. C. extenswm.
Tube of calyx long; flowers squamose, bnda’ seit ls the
apex rather acute ar ses + 9 C. chinense.

Tube of calyx short ; buds not Se inigi: —
Flowers squamose ; leaves not cordate and with distinct
petioles *3—"4 in. long :— |
Fruit not compressed, its faces all narrow and equal,

its wings broad and thin as) 6. C. squamosum,
Frnit compressed, two of its faces i cial and SS:
narrow, its wings short and thick a 7. C. Wrayi.

Flowers not squamose ; leaves: cordate and with very
short petioles (°05—15 in. long) : —
Leaves glabrous except the midrib :—
Panicle and calyx with short thick glandolar hairs 8. C. Kunstleri.
Panicles cinereous-tomentose ; flowers puberulous ;
fruit black when ripe and with narrow wings oe OF. .0, vigrescens.
Leaves, except when old, with long adpressed hairs
beneath ; panicles sericeons- -tomentose; fruit pale-
brown when dry, with broad thin wings :. » 10. C. Scortechinit.
: 335

336 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

1. Comsretum rrirontarumM, Vent. Choix t. 58. A powerful
-climber; young branches slender, terete, glabrous or puberulous ; in the
older branches the bark scaling off. Leaves coriaceous, opposite. or
alternate, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, or narrowly elliptic,
sub-acute, the base cuneate; both surfaces glabrous and shining; main —
nerves 5-7 pairs, spreading or ascending, distinct on the lower surface, ©
hardly visible on the upper, reticulations indistinct; length 1°75-6°5
in., breadth ‘8-2 in., petiole ‘2-25 in. Spikes axillary, solitary or in pairs,
or terminal and in panicles, puberulous, Flowers 15 in. in diam. at
the mouth, densely crowded. Calyx-tube with a very short constriction
above the ovary ; the mouth wide, cupular, and with 5 broad triangular
teeth, everywhere adpressed-pubescent externally. Petals lanceolate,
slightly exceeding the calyx-lobes in length. Dise and bottom of the |
mouth of the calyx pubescent. Stamens exserted. Fruit 11-126 in.
long and ‘5 in. in diam., with 5 very acute angles, glabrous, dark-brown
when ripe. G. Don in Trans. Linn. Soc. XV, 439; Mig. Fi. Ind. Bat.
1, pt. I, 610; Kurz For. Fl. Brit. Burma J, 461; Clarke in Hook. fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. If, 454. C. lucidum, Blume Bijd. 641. C. wndulatum and
C. elegans, Wall. Cat. 3993, 4003. C. subalternans, Wall. Cat. 4008?
Verminalia lancifolia, Griff. Notul. IV, 685. Hmbryogouia lucida,
Blume Mus. Bot. II, t. 52. Cacoucia ? trifoliata, DC. Prodr. II, 22. C.
lucida, Hassk. in Flora 1844, p. 607.

Trane; King’s Collector ; doubtless also occurring in other provinces.
Distris. British India, Java.

2, CoMBRETUM TETRALOPHUM, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II,
454, A powerful climber ; young branches slender, with minute brown
rusty scales. Leaves opposite, thinly coriaceous, oblong-elliptic, shortly
acuminate, the base cuneate; upper surface glabrous, shining, the lower
with scattered brown glands when young and puberulous on the midrib
and nerves ; main nerves 7 or 8 pairs, oblique, ascending, inconspicuous
on both surfaces; length 2°5-5°5 in., breadth 1-2 in., petiole ‘3-4 in.
Spikes axillary, solitary, much shorter than the leaves, slightly scaly
below the flowers, very scaly and puberulous between them. lowers
‘1 in. in diam. at the mouth. Calyz-tube constricted above the ovary,
the constricted part as long as the ovary ; the mouth campanulate and
with 4 ovate erect pubescent lobes. Petals slightly longer than the
calyx-lobes but much narrower, linear, ‘Disc and fundus of the mouth
of the calyx rusty-villous. Stamens and style exserted, Fruit *75-L in.
long and half as broad, shining, dark-coloured, the edges very acute but
not winged.

Mauacca; Grifith 2195. Prax; King’s Collector 1012. Disrris.
Siam, Borueo.

336

Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula. _ 332

~3. Compretum sunpiacum, Miq. FL. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 327. A very
powerful climber; young branches closely covered with deciduous
scales. Leaves opposite, thinly coriaceous, broadly elliptic to elliptic-
orbicular, abruptly and very shortly acuminate; the base rounded,
rarely slightly cuneate, sometimes unequal-sided; both surfaces glab-
rous, the upper punctate and with very sparse scales ; the lower with the
scales more numerous and white with dark centres; main nerves about
6 pairs, oblique, curving slightly, not prominent on the upper surface but
slightly so on the lower when dry ; length 2°75-4 in., breadth 1‘8-2:75 in.,
petiole 4-8 in. Panicles axillary and terminal, umbellate, longer than
the leaves, the branches ending in dense globose minutely bracteolate
spikes. Calyx-tube about °35 in. long, minutely pubescent, not scaly,
4-ridged along the ovary, above it cylindric, expanding upwards into
a funnel-shaped mouth with 4 narrowly triangular-acuminate reflexed
lobes; calyx inside with a ring of hairs at its base but not filled with
long coarse hair, narrowly ovate and very acute in bud, Petals much
shorter than the calyx-lobes, oval, not clawed, glabrous. | Stamens
exserted. Fruit about 1 in. long and nearly as broad, with 4 coria-
ceous horizontally-striate shining wings, and with a few minute scattered
scales. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 458.

Matacca; Maingay 648. Srxcarore; Hullett 89; Ridley 4668.
Perak; Scortechini 1016. King’s Collector 4360, 4452, 5864, 7827 ;
Wray 4272. 3

Readily recognised by its panicled inflorescence, the branches being umbellate
and each ending in a globose spike of flowers with very acute buds which are not
scaly.

4. ComBretTuM rextensuM, Roxb. Hort. Beng, 28; FI. Ind. II, 229.
A large climber; young shoots rather slender, sometimes angled,
very sparsely lenticellate. Leaves opposite or nearly so, coriaceous,
broadly elliptic to sub-rotund, rarely ovate, the apex shortly and
abruptly acuminate or sub-acute; the base broad and rounded, rarely
slightly cuneate; both surfaces glabrous ; the lower reticulate, punctate
and slightly <hichs; main nerves 6 or 7 pairs, spreading, interarching
a little way from the edge; length 45-7 in., bréadth 2°75-4 in., petiole
“6-15 in., stout. Spikes axillary and solitary, or sometimes in few-
branched panicles, rarely terminal, often as long as or longer than the
leaves, puberulous. Flowers ‘25 in. wide at the mouth when expanded ;
the buds ovate, very acute at the apices. Calya-tube very long, (°35 in.)

‘infundibuliform, puberulous; the mouth ‘15 in. long, deeply cut into
4 triangular acuminate reflexed lobes. Petals ovate-truncate or obovate,
shorter than the calyx-lobes; calyx with a ring of hairs at the throat
inside, otherwise nearly glabrous. Fruit when fully ripe about 1:25-1°5
in. long, and (including the wings) nearly as broad, wings scariose,

337

338 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

glabrous or glandular-puberulous. Wall. Cat. 3996; G. Don in Trans.
Linn. Soc. XV, 422; Mig. Fl. Ind, Bat. I, pt. I, 608; Kurz For. FI,
Brit. Burma I, 463; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 458. 0.
rotundifolium, Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 226; Wall. Cat. 3995. C. Wightianum,
Wall. Cat. 4007; W. & A. Prodr. 317; Wight Ic. t, 227; Dalz. & Gibs.
Bomb. Fl. 90. C. Horsfieldii, Mig. 1. c. 609; Kurz in Flora 1871, p. 289.
C. platyphyilum, Heurck & Muell.-Arg. Obs. Bot. 242; Kurz in Journ.
As. Soc. Beng. 1874, pt. II, 188. C macrostachyum, Wall. Cat. 3997.
}. latifolium, Blume Bijd. 641; Mig. 1. c. 609. OC. leucanthum, Heurck
& Muell.-Arg. Obs. Bot. 240. C. formosum, Griff. Notul. IV, 682, (fide
Kurz).
Matacea; Derry 886. ANDAMAN ISLANDS; very common. Not com-
mon in the other Provinces. Drsrris. British India.
5. CoMBRETUM CHINENSE, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 28. A powerful
.climber; young branches slender, terete, with sparse minute scales.
Leaves opposite, or in whorls of three (var. ternatum), thinly coriaceous,
elliptic or elliptic-oblong, sometiines obovate, shortly and abruptly
acuminate, the base slightly narrowed ; both surfaces glabrous, sparsely
squamulose like the young branches and inflorescence, the upper surface
of a dark colour when dry, the lower pale-brown (pubescent in VaR,
pubescens) ; main nerves 7 or 8 pairs, spreading, curved, slightly promi-
nent on the lower surface, scarcely visible on the upper; length 3°25-5
in., breadth 1:5-2'25 in., petiole ‘15-4 in. Spvrkes solitary, axillary,
longer than the leaves, many-flowered ; the bracteoles linear, deciduous.
Culyx-tube *25 in. long, slender at the base, expanding into a funnel-
shaped mouth ‘15 in. in diam. when fully expanded, with 4 deep erect
triangular acute scaly lobes, globular when in bud but the apex acute.
Petals broadly obovate, clawed, longer than the lobes of the calyx,
glabrous. Disc and interior of calyx fulvous-pubescent. Fruit 1-125
in. long and ‘8-1 in. broad, with 4 slightly unequal scarious coriaceous
horizontal striate sparsely squamulose wings. Roxb. Fl. Ind. IT, 230
(not of G. Don); Kurz For. Flora Burma, I, 463; Clarke in Hook.

fil. Fl. Br. Ind. Il, 457. ? ©. Grifithii, Heurck and Muell.-Arg. Obs.

‘Bot. 231.

ANDAMAN ISLANDS; very common, PERAK; Weld 2314, 2743.

King’s Collector 4646.

Var. ternatum; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 453; leaves
often in whorls of three, usually obovate. OC. ternatwm, Wall. Cat, 4002.

In the AnpamAns (doubtful). Distris. Chittagong. Burma.

Var. Porterianum, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 457; leaves
elliptic-oblong, acuminate, never obovate, maiu nerves about 8 sori
C. Porterianum, Wall. Cat. 4000. .

338

i

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 039

PENANG.

This variety does not appear to have been collected since Wallich’s time. L
much doubt whether it is worth keeping up even as a variety.

Var. pubescens, King. Leaves pubescent in the under surface.

Perak; King’s Collector 889.

6. ComBretuM squamosom, Roxb. Fl. Ind. III, 23). A large creeper ;
young branches slender, cylindric, covered (like almost all other parts of
the plant) with scales with broad pale margins. Leaves opposite, thinly
coriaceous, broadly elliptic or elliptic-rotund, rarely ovate-lanceolate,
shortly and abruptly acuminate; the base rounded, rarely sub-cuneate ;
both surfaces dull when dry and scaly, but without hairs; length 3°25-
5° in., breadth 2°25-4°5 in.; petiole 3-4 in., scaly. Spikes axillary or
terminal, solitary or in panicles, shorter than the leaves, few-branched.
Flowers -15 in. in diam. at the mouth. Calya-tube shortly constricted
above the 4-angled ovary ; the mouth cupular, with 4 broadly triangular
teeth. Petuls small, obovate. Disc and fundus of mouth of calyx
fulvous-villose. Frwif *75-1'5 in. long and nearly as broad (including
the wings), with 4 wide thin membranous wings, squamose at the
bottom of the deep grooves between the wings. Wall. Cat. 3387; Mig.
Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 607; G. Dou in Trans.. Linn. Soe. XV, 438 (in-
accurate as to the floral symmetry); W. & A. Prodr. 317; Kurz For.
Fl. Brit. Burma I, 463; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 456.
C. lepidotum, Presl Bemerk. 142 (see Kurz in Flora 1871, p. 289).
OC. Maluloea, Wall. Cat. 3991.

Maracca; Maingay 648. Anpaman Istanps. Porax; King’s Col-
lector 5083. Prnane; Wallich, King’s Collector 1335, Curtis 258.

A species easily recognised by being everywhere covered with scales. Some of
the Penang specimens have ovate-elliptic leaves; otherwise they do not differ from
specimens from other places.

7. Compretum Wrayi, King n. spec. Young branches slender,
striate when dry, glabrous but slightly scaly. Leaves opposite, coria-
ceous, narrowly elliptic, subacute or very shortly and bluntly acuminate,
the base rounded; both surfaces reticulate, the upper glabrous and
shining ; the lower dull, glabrous elsewhere, but with some coarse hairs
along the sides of the midrib uear its base; main nerves 6 or 7 pairs,
ascending, curved, slightly prominent beneath ; length 2°5-3'5 in., breadth
115-15 im.; petiole ‘35-4 in., rather rough when dry, those in the
upper part of the stem and in the axils of which the spikes arise much >
smaller. Spikes axillary, solitary, about 1 in. long, the peduncles gla-_
brous, the floriferous part pubescent and scaly. Flowers few, in clusters
of 2 or 3. Calyx-tube ‘15 in, long, shortly constricted above the ovary,
the mouth campanulate and deeply cut into 4 triangular acute erect

340 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

teeth, every part densely covered with brown scales externally. Petals
slightly exceeding the calyx-lobes, oblanceolate, obtuse, glabrous, erect.
Stamens 8, exserted, Fruit compressed, ovate, pointed at each end,
dark-brown when dry, with 4 short wings, about 1:2 in. long and ‘6 in.
broad on the compressed surfaces, the other two surfaces narrow and
grooved, all parts sparsely scaly.

Perak ; sea-shore at Matang, Wray 2504.

8. Combretum KunsrLert, King n. spec. A powerful climber ;
young shoots slender, terete, very slightly puberulous and with very
few scattered rusty hairs intermixed. Leaves opposite, narrowly ellip-
tic or elliptic-oblong, shortly and bluntly acuminate, slightly narrowed
to the minutely cordate base; upper surface glabrous except the
minutely pubescent midrib, shinies the lower dull, glabrous even on
the midrib; main nerves 5-7 pairs, ascending, curving, length 3-5°5
Tae eet 1-1-1'85 in.; petiole *l in. or less, glabrous. Panicles axil-
a aud shorter than pip leaves or terminal and much longer, peduncu-
Jate, with many short thick glandular hairs, the branches rather short
and spreading, bracteoles shorter than the ovaries. Calya-tube about *1 in.
long, constricted both below and above the ovary, the limb widely cam-
panulate and with 4 very shallow broad reflexed teeth, clothed outside
with glandular hairs. Petals inserted near the edge of the calyx-limb
and projecting beyond its lobes, broadly ovoid, reflexed, pubescent.
Fruit 4-winged, tapering to the ends (when young), unknown in the
ripe state.

Perak ; King’s Collector 3435, 6664; Sccrtechini 2014.

9. Gdumenten NIGRESCENS, King u. spec. A slender climber 20-40
feet long; young branches rusty-puberulous and with sparse long
rusty-silky hairs. Leaves opposite, membranous, black when dry,
narrowly elliptic to oblong, shortly acuminate, the base rounded,
the petioles very short; upper surface shining, glabrous except the
rusty-sericeous midrib; lower surface with the midrib and main
nerves rusty-sericeous, the intercostal spaces almost glabrous ; length
2:25-2°75 in., breadth *75-1 in., petiole less than ’l in. Pamnicles termi-
nal, lax, spreading, longer than the leaves, minutely cinereous-tomentose
with a few long rusty hairs intermixed, the branches interruptedly
spicate, bracteoles shorter than the calyx-tube. Calya-tube only about
°05 in. long; the limb rather longer, campanulate and with 4 rather
shallow broad acute teeth, puberulous on the outer surface, pubescent
on the inner, with a wing of hairs in the throat. Petuls about as long
as the calyx-lobes, broadly ovate or slightly obovate, blunt, puberulous
on the outer surface, sericeous on the inner. Stamens 8, unequal, the
outer row the longest. Fruit black when dry, shining, glabrous, with —
. 4 narrow wings, ‘8 in. long and ‘4 in, broad. , Bia
340

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. d41

Perak ; King’s Collector 3469, 8140. ,

10. Combretum Scorrecninu, King n, spec. Young branches
slender, softly sericeous-tomentose. Leaves opposite, thinly coriaceous,
oblong-elliptic or sometimes oblong-oblanceolate, the base rounded or
very minutely cordate; upper surface shining, glabrous except the
depressed rusty-sericeous midrib; lower surface reticulate, with many
long adpressed hairs near the base and along the prominent midrib,
the nerves and intercostal spaces with shorter scattered hairs, when
old almost glabrous; main nerves about 7 pairs, ascending, curved,
prominent on the lower surface, slightly depressed on the upper, length
326-45 in., breadth 14-175 in., petiole *1-15 in, Panicles axillary
and terminal, shorter than the leaves; the branches few, short and few-
flowered, everywhere softly sericeous-tomentose. Calyx-tube ‘1 in.
long, eylindric; the mouth slightly longer, widely campanulate, with
4 shallow broad acute reflexed teeth, softly tomentose like the tube.
Petals 4, inserted near the edge of the calyx and projecting beyond
it, broadly ovate-lanceolate, reflexed, pubescent. Stamens 8, exserted.
Fruit with 4 thin sub-coriaceous wings, pointed at each end, glabr ous,
1:25 in, long, and -65 in. broad.

Perak ; Scortechint.

Collected only once, and the specimens are few.
‘5. QuisquaLis, Linn.

Large shrubs scandent or subscandent. Leaves opposite, oblong or
obovate, acuminate, entire. Flowers large, in short axillary or terminal
spikes. Calyz-tube slender and much prolonged above the ovary, deci-
duous, its limb 5-lobed. Petals 5. Stamens 10, short. Ovary 1-celled ;
style filiform, partially adherent to the calyx-tube, stigma sub-capitate ;
ovules 3 or 4, suspended from the apex of the loculus. J’ruit dry,
5-angled or 5-winged, coriaceous, subindehiscent. Seed solitary, cotyle-
dous plane. Disrris. Species 9, tropical sma or African.

Calyx-tube less than 1 in. long j dilds'y that teed we Ll. Q. densiflora.
Culyx-tube from 1°5-2°5 in. long he sgn ane =, Q. indica.

]. Quisquatis DENsIFLORA, Wall. Cat. 4011. Young branches
minutely rusty- -puberulous. Leaves elliptic-oblong or oblanceolate-ob-
long, shortly acuminate, the base rounded or minutely cordate ; upper
surface glabrous except the pubescent midrib and main nerves; lower
_ surface glabrous, the 6 pairs of curved ascending main nerves with tufts
of hair iu their axils; both surfaces shining and minutely papillose ;
length 3°5 to 4’5 in., breadth 15-2 in. ; petiole ‘2-3 in., pubescent on the
upper surface. Spikes axillary and solitary, or terminal and almost
panicled, rusty-pubescent ; bracteoles lanceolate, sub-persistent, rusty-

341

342 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

pubescent, ‘5-75 in. long. Calya-tube produced beyond the ovary for
‘25-5 in., cylindric, rusty-tomentose; its mouth funnel-shaped and
deeply divided into 5 narrow lanceolate-subulate lobes. Petals shorter
than the calyx-lobes, oblong, obtuse, about °2 in, long, scarlet, rusty-
pubescent en the outer side, nearly glabrous on the inner. Fruit oblong,
shining, with 5 rather narrow unequal thin coriaceous wings, 1 in. long
and °65 in. broad. 3

Peyane; Wallich. Perak; Wray 3353.

2. Quisquatis inpIcA, Linn. Sp. Pl. 556. Young branches decidu-
ously rusty-pubescent. Leaves elliptic, shortly acuminate, the base
rounded; both surfaces more or less rusty-pubescent, nearly glabrous
when adult except the midrib and nerves, always minutely papillose ;
main nerves 6-8 pairs, ascending, little curved, length 3-4 in., breadth
15-2 in., petiole about °3 in. Sprkes axillary, their rachises shorter
than the leaves, many-flowered, very unequal, rusty-tomentose; bracts
lanceolate, sub-persistent, °35 in. long, pubescent. Calya-tube produced
beyond the ovary for 1°5-2°5 in., its mouth short, funnel-shaped and
divided into 5 broad triangular acute lobes. Petals oblong or oblong-
rotund, obtuse, ‘5 in. or more in length, red, puberulous. fruit narrow-
ly ellipsoid, tapering much to the apex, less so to the base, sharply 5-
angled, almost 5-winged, glabrous and of a deep brown colour, *75-1:25
in. long and from 3-45 in. broad. Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 336; Lamk.
Ill. t. 357; DC. Prodr. I1I, 23; Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 427; Wall. Cat.
4010; Wight Ill. t. 92; W..& A. Prodr. 318; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt.
I, 610; Brandis For. Fl. 220; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 459 ;
Q. villosa, Roxb. Fl. Ind. I, 426; Spreng. Syst. II, 331; DC. Prodr.
III, 23. Q. glabra, Burm. FI. Ind. t. 28. Q. pubesecens, Burm, FI. Ind.
t. 35. Q. ebracteata, Beauv. Fl. Owar. t. 35. Q. Lowreiri, G. Don Gen.
Syst. II, 667. Q. sinensis, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. N.S, Vol. XXX, t. 15.
Q. longiflora, Presl Epimel. 216. Quisqualis sp., Griff. Notul. IV, 683.
Rumph. Herb. Amboin. V, t. 38.

Matacca, and probably truly wild; in the other provinces often
cultivated as a garden plant. Dustrris. Burma.

6. Inticera, Blume.

Scandent shrubs. Leaves alternate, petioled, with three entire
petioluled leaflets. Flowers in elongate lax peduncled cymes; _ brac-
teoles 1-3 at the base of each flower. Calyx-tube shortly constricted
above the ovary; limb of 5 valvate oblong deciduous lobes. Petals 5,
valvate, oblong, alternate with and as lorg as the calyx-lobes. Stamens
5, epigynous, filament near the base carrying on each side a staminode ;
anthers dehiscing by lateral valves. Ovary 1-celled ; style, 1, filiform,

Materials for a Vlora of the Malayan Peninsula. - . B43

ending in a dilated undulate sinuate stigma; ovule 1, pendulous from
the apex of thecell. Fruit broadly 2-4-winged (2-winged in the
known Indian spevies), the wings veined. Seed with plano-convex (not
convoluted) cotyledons. Distrip. Species about 7, extending from
Khasia to Singapore, Malaya and the Philippines; and one aberrant
species in Angola having 5 leaflets.

Main nerves of leaves 2 or 3 pairs, oblique... .. J. PDP. appendiculata.
' Main nerves of leaves 12—14 pairs, horizontal... gist 2) T. Iwestda.

1. Intigera AppenpicunaTa, Blume Bijdr. 1153; Nov. fam. exp.

p. 14. A powerful climber 40-80 feet long; young branches slender,
tawny-pubescent, soon becoming glabrous, striate when dry. Common
petiole about 3 in. long, with an annular swelling at the base, glabrous
or glabrescent. Leaflets thinly membranous, very variable’ in shape,
often oblique, oblong, elliptic to sub-rotund, the apex shortly acuminate
acute or sub-acute; the base cuneate or rounded, sometimes unequal-
sided ; upper surface usually glabrous; the lower very minutely lepidote,
glabrous or pubescent all over or only on the 2 or 3 pairs of oblique
indistinct main nerves; length 3-5°5 in., breadth 1-°75—4 in., petioles
‘2-6 in. Panicles pendulous, very lax, 9-15 in. long, glabrous below
but usually pubescent towards the extremities, the branches cymose.
Flowers ‘2-35 in. in diam., on pubescent pedicels shorter than them-
selves. Calyx puberulous. Petals lanceolate, narrower than the lobes
of the calyx, their midribs thick. Stamens curved inwards, longer
than the staminodes when unfolded. Fruit narrowly oblong, taper-
ing at the ends, 4-angled, minutely tomentose, 1-1-25 in. long, two
of its margins produced into broadly oblong obtuse horizontally striate
puberulous leathery wings 1:25 in. or more in width. DC. Prodr. XV,
pt. I, 251; Kurz For, Flora Burma, I, 469. I. Coryzadenia, Meissn.
DC. Prodr. XV, Pt. I, 251; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 460;
Coryzadenia trifoliata, Griff. Notule, FV, 356.
Common in Prrak and the Anpaman Iszanps, and probably to be
found in all the other Provinces. Disrris. British India, in Burma
and Assam. ;

Variable in the shape and pubescence of the leaflets, the under surfaces of some
being rather densely pubescent, while others are almost quite glabrous. For a form
of the latter sort, the under surfaces of which are moreover somewhat glaucous,
Kurz suggested the varietal name pubescens. Individual plants vary also as to the
size of their flowers. The following, which I treat as a variety, was made a species —
by Clarke in Hooker’s Flora of British India.

Var. Kurzii, leaves glabrous, not lepidote, very coriaceous, the
margin recurved and thickened. J. Kurzit, Clarke |. ec.

Mauacca ; Maingay 650, 649. aes
| 343

ae

344 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

~

2. IntiageRA tucipa, Teysm. & Binn. Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind.,
XXVII, 29. A slender climber ; young shoots puberulous, angled when
dry. Common petiole *75-2 in. cin glabrous. Leaflets membranous,
oblong or elliptic-oblong, often oblique, the apex shortly and bluntly.
acuminate; the base rounded and usually minutely cordate; both
surfaces glabrous and shining; the lower reticulate; main nerves 12-14.
pairs, horizontal, interarching far from the edge, slightly prominent
on the lower surface, obsolete on the upper; length 3-5 in., breadth
1°25-2°25 in., petiole ‘15-3 in, Panicles axillary and terminal, very
lax ; the fil Giniate branches sparse, few-flowered. Flowers ‘3 in. in diam.,
on thin puberulous pedicels. Cualyx-lobes oblong, sub-acute, glabrous
except for a patch of white hairs at the base in front. Petals about as
long as the calyx-lobes but much narrower, villous at the base.
Stamens shorter than the petals, the anthers large, the filaments villous
in the lower half. Fruit (fide T. & B.) 4-winged, two of the wings
larger than the other two, Bier about 1 in. long. Mig. Fl. Ind.
Bat, Vol. I, pt. I, 1094.

Perak; Scortechint 1610, Curtis 3182. Disrris. Java.

This differs from I, appendiculata, Bl. in having narrower leaflets, with much
shorter petioles and more numerous nerves which are quite horizontal. The leaves
are moreover quite glabrous and shining. The Perak specimens from which the
above description has been taken agree absolutely with type specimens of I. lucida
received at the Calcutta Herbarium from the Buitenzorg Botanic Garden.

7. GyrROcARPUS, Jaeq.

A tall tree. eaves alternate, long-petioled, large, entire or lobed,
clustered towards the ends of the branches. Flowers small, unisexual,
very numerous, clustered in large branched cymes without bracts.
Male flowers very numerous; calyx 4-7-partite; petals 0; stamens 4-7,
inserted at the base of the calyx with as many alternate clavate glands ;
anthers 2-celled, dehiscing by valves; ovary 0. Female or herma-
phrodite flowers few; calyx-tube adherent to the ovary, limb 2-partite,
persistent, enlarging in fruit; petals and stamens 0; ovary 1-celled;
style 0, stigma sessile; ovule solitary, pendulous from the apex of the
cell. Nut bony, crowned by the elongate spathulate coriaceous calyx-
lobes. Seed with convolute cotyledons. A single species.

GYROCARPUS AMERICANUS, Jacq. Select. Am. 282. t. 178. Young
branches stout, glabrous. Leaves membranous, broadly rotund-ovate,
acuminate, the base broad and sometimes sub-cordate; the base usually
5-nerved, the midrib with about 3 pairs of main nerves ; length 4°5—6 in.,
breadth 4 or 5 in., petiole 3-5°5. Fruit sub-globular, about 1 in. in
diam., minutely pubescent; the wing narrowly spathulate, ‘3 in. long.
G. Jacquinii, Gaertn. Fruct. II. 92; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 11, Cor. PI. t.

344

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 345

1; Fi. Ind. I, 445; Lamk. Ill. t. 850; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t.196; Kurz For.
Fl. Brit. Burma I, 470; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 461.
G. asiaticus, Willd. Sp. Pl. IV, 982; Wall. Cat. 968 ; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. T,
pt. I, 978; DC. Prodr. XV, pt. I, 248. G. acuminatus, Meissn. in DOC.
Prodr. XV, pt. I, 248. G. sphenopterus and G. rugosus, R. Br. Prodr.
405.

On the Sea-Coast in all the provinces. Disrris. Tropics generally.

The anthers of this species are two-celled and dehisce by upward-opening
valves. Those of the genus Hernandia are also 2-celled, but dehisce by valves
which open laterally. In habit and form of leaves Gyrocarpus much resembles
Hernandia ; whereas it is quite an aberrant form amongst Combretacex, as is also
Illigera, J

Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula.—By Gerorce King,
K.C.LH., M.B,, LL.D., F.R.S., Superintendent of the Royal Botanic
Garden, Calcutta.

No. 10.

I had hoped in the present contribution to have completed, for
these Materials, my account of the whole of the remaining Natural
Orders of Calyciflore. This hope has, however, been frustrated by sick-
ness. I have decided therefore to offer now to the Society the account
of the five Orders which I have been able to elaborate ; trusting, at
some time in the near future, to deal with the remaining Orders of
the Class. Following the sequence adopted by Sir Joseph Hooker in
his Flora of British India, those treated of in the present paper
come to be numbered as below; Nos. 48 Lythracex, 49 Onagraces, 50
Samydacex, 52 Cucurbitacee, and 56 Araliacesee. And those which re-
main to be described would be Nos. 46 Myrtacese, 47 Melastomaceze, 51
Passifloracee, 53 Begoniacew, 54 Ficoidew, 55 Umbelliferse, and 57
Cornacee. After finishing the Calyciflore, I hope, in collaboration with
my friend and successor Dr. D. Prain, to describe the families which
are embraced in the gamopetalous and apetalous groups.

Order XLVIII. LYTHRACEZ.

Trees, shrubs or herbs ; branches often quadrangular. Leaves entire,
opposite, sometimes alternate or whorled; stipules 0. Inflorescence
various, often in cymes or panicles, lowers hermaphrodite, regular,

345

2 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

rarely oblique, unisexual in Cyrpteronia. -Calyx-tube free, persistent
lobes 3-6, valvate, some accessory often added. Petals as many as
the calyx-teeth, rarely 0, inserted near the mouth of the calyx-tube.
Stamens definite or numerous, inserted on the calyx-tube. Ovary free
in the bottom of the calyx-tube (rarely inferior), 2-6-celled, style long ;
stigma capitate, rarely 2-lobed; ovules numerous, placentas axile
(rarely parietal). Fruit coriaceous or membranous, free or more or
less adnate to the base of the calyx, 2—6-velled or (by absorption of
the partitions) l-celled, dehiscent or indehiscent. Seeds numerous,
various in shape, angular, sometimes winged; albumen none; embryo
straight, (cotyledons convolute in Sonneratia and Punica.) D1sTRtB.
Species about 275 in tropical regions and especially in those of the
New World; a few in temperate zones.

Tribe I. AmMANNI®Z. Herbs, mostly sub-aquatic, with small
or minute flowers ; the calyx membranous se .. 1, AMMANNIA.
Tribe II. Lyture#. Trees or shrubs with moderate or large-
sized flowers (minute in Crypteronia), large often wrinkled
petals, and coriaceous or herbaceous calyx.
Stamens. not more than 12.
Calyx 6-toothed; petals 6; stamens 12; capsule circum-
scissile, 1-celled ; seeds cuneate-obovate, angled ... 2 PEMPHIS.
Calyx 4- or 5-toothed ; petals 0; flowers numerous, minute,
racemose, sub-unisexual; stamens 4 or 5; capsule 2-celled.
and 2-valved; seeds minute, narrowly winged on one
side a ae Ses ve 1. & ORYPTERONIA.
Stamens indefinite. —
Seeds free, not imbedded in pulp.
Stamens in 2 or more rows; capsule 3-6-celled; seeds
large, winged laterally hs is .. 4 LaAGERSTRE@MIA.
Stamens in a single row; capsule 4-8-celled; seeds
minute, narrowly winged at the upper margin 5a DUABANGA.
Seeds imbedded in pulp, angular; berry 10-15-celled .. 6. SONNERATIA.

od

1. Ammannia, Linn.

Annual glabrous herbs growing in damp places; branches often
quadrangular. Leaves opposite and alternate, sometimes whorled, entire ;
stipules 0. Flowers small, axillary, solitary and subsessile, or in small
trichotomous cymes ; bracteoles usually 2. Calyx campanulate or tubu-
lar-campanulate, 3-5-toothed, often with minute interposed teeth or
folds. Petals 3-5 or 0, small, inserted between the calyx-teeth. Stamens
2-8, inserted on the calyx-tube. Ovary enclosed in the calyx-tube, 1-5-
celled, the septa very thin and often absorbed ; style filiform or short,
stigma capitate ; ovules numerous, placentas axile. Capsule membran-

ous, globose or elongated-ellipsoid, enclosed in the calyx, 2-3-valved,

346

Maierials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 3

irregularly breaking up, or cireumscissile. Seeds many, small, smooth,
round on the back and with a raphe on the inner face, ellipsoid or nearly
hemispheric; placenta ultimately free central by the absorption of the
dissepiments covered by the seeds. Distris. Species 30; in the tropi-
cal or warm temperate zones of the whole world.

Flowers sessile, calyx-tube elongate-campanulate, capsule

ellipsoid, seeds narrowly obleng, falcate ee we 1. A. peploides.
Flowers pediceiled, calyx-tube depressed-bemispheric, cap-
sule depressed-globose, seeds sub-hemispheric... .. 2. A. baccifera.

1. AMMANIA PEPLOIDES, Spreng. Syst. I, 444, Flowers in short
axillary branches, sessile, solitary in the axils of reduced leaves ; bracts
in pairs, filiform, shorter than the tube of the calyx. Calyz-tube elon-
gate-campanulate, almost smooth, its mouth with 4 acutely triangular
teeth. Petals absent, or 4 and minute. Capsule 2-valved, ellipsoid ;
seeds narrowly oblong, sub-falcate, pink, angular, the hilum obscure.
Leaves opposite, their midribs prominent; those of the flower-bearing
branches linear-oblong, bearing a flower in the axil of each; those
of the main stem elliptic or obovate, narrowed to the base and almost
petiolate. Stems decumbent, often rooting, sometimes erect. Boiss.
Flor. Orient. II, 742; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc, 1877, pt. II, 84; Clarke in
Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 566. A. nana, Roxb. Flor. Ind. 1, 427, (not
of Wallich). A. repens, Rottl., DC. Prodr. III, 80. Ameletia iadica,
DC. in Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Genev. ITT, 11 (1825) 2, and 82, t. 3 f. A.;
Prodr. III, 76; Wall. Cat. 2093; W.& A. Prodr. 303; Blume Mus.
Bot. Ii, 135, +t. 47; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Flor. 96; Wight Ic. t. 257.
A. elongata, Blume Mus. Bot. U1, 185, A. acutidens, Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat.
I, Pt. 1,617. A. polystachya, Wall. Cat. 2094. A. latifolia, Wall. Cat,
2096, (partly Peples indica, ) Willd. Sp. Pl. II, 244.

Sourn ANDAMAN; near the settlements of Port Blair and Port
Mowat; doubtless introduced as a weed of cultivation. Dusstrip. India,
China, Persia; in rice and other fields.

2. AMMANNIA BACCIFERA, Linn. Sp. Pl. 120. Flowers in very con-
densed axillary racemes or clusters shorter than the leaves; bracts
filiform, shorter than the flower-pedicels. Calyx-tube widely campanu-
late, short, ridged ; the teeth 4, broadly triangular, acute. Petals none
or minute. Capsule depressed-globose, imperfectly circumscissile above
the middle. Seeds sub-hemispheric, black, excavated on the plane face.
Leaves opposite, rather distant, linear-oblong, sub-acute or obtuse,
narrowed at the base, smaller upwards, 2-5 in. long. Stem erect, —
glabrous, 8-24 in. long. Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. II, 183; Dalz. &
Gibs. Bomb. Flor. 97; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, Pt. II, 85 ; Clarke
in Hook. fil, Flor. Br. Ind. II, 569. A. vestcatoria, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 11

347

4 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Flor. Ipd. I, 426; ed. Wall. I, 447; DC. Prodr. ITI, 78; W. & A. Prodr.
305; Wall. Cat. 2098, (partly). A, indica, Lamk. Ill. I, 3L1, No. 1555 ;
DC. 1.c.77; W. & A. Prodr. 305; Wall. Cat. 2099; Blume |. ec. t. 46.
A. debilis, Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 1, I, 163. <A. verticillata, Boiss.
Flor. Orient. II, 743, (mot of Link). Hapalocarpum vesicatorium and
H. indicum, Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 618. Cryptotheca apetala,
Blume Bijd. 1128; DC. 1. c. 76.

Perak; King’s Collector 303; Curtis 3195. S. Audaman, in similar
situations with the last.

2. Prmputs, Forst.

A maritime shrub or tree, 25-35 ft. high. Leares opposite, oblong
to oblong-lanceolate, entire, very thick, fleshy. Flowers small, axillary,
solitary, peduncles 2-bracteate at their base. Calyx-twbe campanulate,
12-0» -ribbed ; teeth 6, short, with 6 shorter accessory teeth. Petals 6;
inserted at the mouth of the calyx-tube and nearly as long, obovate,
wrinkled, white or rose. Stamens 12, inserted in two series towards
the middle of the calyx-tube. Ovary free at the bottom of the calyx-
tube, 3-celled at the base; style long, stigma capitate; ovules many,
ascending ; placentas 3, Wei basal. Capsule coriaceous, obovoid or nearly
globose, included in the calyx-tube or exserted nearly half its length,
somewhat irregularly circumscissile, ultimately l-celled. Seeds yery
many, long cuneate-obovoid, angular, smooth, standing out in all diree-
tious from the apparently free eentral placenta.

Pempis acipuLta, Forst. Gen. t. 34. Young parts more or less
elothed with grey silky hairs, the young branches 4-angled. Leaves
subsessile or very shortly petioled, sub-acute or obtuse, *5—1°6 in. long.
Flowers white. Capsule ‘4 im. long and ‘2 in. in diam. DC. Prodr. III,
89; Wall. Cat. 2108; W.and A. Prodr. 307; Griff. Notul. 1V, 510;
Blume Mus. Bot. II, t. 43; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 619; Bedd.
Flor. Sylv. Anal. Gen. t. XIV, fig. 5; Kurz For. Flor. I, 518.
P. angustifolia, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 91 ; Flor. Ind. Il, 465. P. setosa,
Lour. Flor. Filip. ed I, 410. Mosiilantee Grifithiana, Wight Ic. t. 1996.
Lythrum Pemphis, Linn. f. Suppl. 249; Lamk. Il Il, 408, fig. 2.
Melanium fruticosum, Spreng. Syst. U, AAs.

On the beech in SinGarore and probably in all the provinces.
Anpaman and Great Coco Istanps; Prain. Disrris. Burma, Ceylon,
S, of British India,

3, Crypreronia, Blume.

Frees. Leaves opposite, petioled, entire, ovate or lanceolate.
Racemes elongate, in branched panicles. Jlowers minute, white or green,
348

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 5

with short linear bracts at the base of the pedicels, polygamo-dicecious.
Calyx-tube short, saucer-shaped, or longer and subhemispheric; teeth
5 (rarely 4), valvate, persistent. Petuls0. Stamens as many as the
calyx-teeth, inserted between them near the mouth of the calyx-
tube. Ovary free, 2-celled, with numerous horizontal or ascending
ovules attached to the axile placentas ; style long, filiform; stigma capi-
tate, obscurely 2-lobed. Capsule surrounded at the base by the calyx,
globose, pubescent, crowned by the persistent style, 2-celled, dehiscing
so as to divide the style, fruit-pedicel deflexed. Seeds many, elongate-
ellipsoid, narrowly winged on one side. Disrris, Species 5, extending
from the Khasia Hills to the Philippine Islands.

Leaves membranous, usually narrowed to the base, nerves

5 or 6 pairs, calyx less than ‘1 in. in diam. ae .» L. C. paniculata,
Leaves coriaceous, rounded or cordate at the base, nerves
7 or 8 pairs, calyx more than ‘lin. in diam. ... we 2. C. Grifithii.

1. Crypreronia panicutata, Blume Bijdr. 1151. A tree 20-40
feet high ; young branches glabrous or sometimes puberulous. Leaves
membranous, oblong to oblong-lanceolate or more or less broadly
elliptic, bluntly acuminate or blunt, narrowed to the base, entire,
glabrous on both surfaces or slightly pubescent on the lower; main
nerves 0 or 6 pairs, rather faint, curved ; length 3-6 in., breadth 1:25-
2°5 in. Flowers on short pedicels, very numerous, in long cylindric
pubescent or glabrous racemes longer than the leaves, the racemes
often panicled. Calyx less than ‘1 in. in diam., its teeth triangular or
triangular-lanceolate, acute. Stamens in the hermaphrodite flowers of
the same length as the calyx-teeth, longer in the male flowers. Capsules
globose-conic, puberulous or minutely velvety. Kurz in Journ. As. Soc,
Beng. 187, Pt. IT, 86; For. Flora Burma, I, 519. C. pubescens, Blume
Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. II, 123; Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br, Ind. II,
574; Griff. Notul. IV, 404; Ic. Pl. Asiat. t. 564, fig. II. (©. glabra,
Blume Mus. Bot. II, 123; Clarke in Hook. fil, Flor. Br. Ind. II, 574.
Henslovia pubescens, Wall. Cat. 4904; Pl. As. Rar. III, 14 t. 221; Mig.
Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 716; Planch, in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. IV,
477, t. XVI. B, Henslovia Hookeri, Wall. Cat. 8566. H. affinis, Planch,
Lond, Journ. Bot. IV, 477 (in part). H. leptostachys, Planch. Lond.
Journ. Bot. IV, 478. H. glabra, Wall. Cat. 4093; Pl. As. Rar. III, 14;
Planch. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. IV, 478; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I,
Pt. I, 716.

Penang; Porter. Matacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib. 650/2).
Perak; King’s Collector No. 5205. Anpaman IsLanDs; very common;
King’s Collector. Distris. Burma, Chittagong, Khasia.

I can find nothing better to distingnish the species which have been named

349

6 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

C. glabra and C. pubescens from each other than the presence on the latter of a
small amount of hair, neither can I find any tangible character to separate either
from C. paniculata, Blume. To the latter species, as the oldest, I therefore reduce
both.

2. CryprerontA Grirritai, Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II,
574. A tree 40-60 feet high; young branches glabrous. Leaves
coriaceous, broadly elliptic, acute, very slightly narrowed to the rounded
or cordate base, entire, glabrous on both surfaces; main nerves 7 or 8
pairs, distinct on the lower surface, curved, ascending; length 4-8 in.,
breadth 2°25-3°5 in. Racemes much longer than the leaves, rusty-
pubescent, sometimes panicled; flowers numerous but not crowded,
shortly pedicellate. Calyx rather more than ‘1 in in diam., its teeth
triangular. Stamens exserted, Capsule shorter than the calyx-teeth,
velvety, less than ‘] in. in diam., crowned by the long stout pubescent
style. Henslovie sp. Griff. Notul. 406; Ic. Pl. Asiat. t. 564, fig. 1.

Matacca; Griffith 2513. Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 651. Derry
1201. Prnane; Curtis 1739. Prax; Scortechint 221. Wray 2589,
2638. King’s Collector 3473, 4152, 8592.

4, LAGERSTREMIA, Linn.

Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, distichous (or the uppermost
alternate), entire, oblong or ovate. Panicles axillary and terminal,
the ultimate branchlets usually cymose, sometimes dense; peduncles
2-bracteate at their apex; pedicels 2-bracteolate. Flowers often large,
Calyz-tube funnel-shaped, smooth, grooved, angular or sub-alate ; lobes
5-sometimes 7-9, ovate, subacute, valvate. Petals 6, sometimes 7-9
(or 0), inserted at the summit of the calyx-tube, clawed, wrinkled ;
margin crisped, erose, or fimbriate. Stamens very many, inserted in
several rows near the bottom of the calyx-tube ; filaments long, exserted.
Ovary sessile in the bottom of the calyx, 3-6-celled; style long,
bent, stigma capitate; ovules numerous, ascending, placentas axile.
Capsule more or less adnate to the calyx, ellipsoid, coriaceous, smooth,
3-6-celled, 3-6-valved. Seeds many (rarely few), elongate, flat, erect,
winged from their summit. Disrris. Species 18, in South-east Asia
extending to Australia, :

Inflorescence and exterior of calyx stellately ferrugineous-
tomentose ... ose eee ea .
Inflorescence and outside of calyx minutely cinereous or
whitish-velvety (the calyx sometimes rusty in L. Flos-

1. L. floribunda,

Regine).
Leaves glaucous beneath; calyx 10-ribbed, the mouth

with only 5 teeth ... ss oes ww» 2 L. hypoleuca.
350

-

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 7

Leaves not glaucous beneath.

Calyx 8- or 9-ribbed, the teeth as many as the ribs and
alternate with them; flowers 1°5 in. in diam,; leaves
2-—3°25 in. long wae Pi sas

Calyx 12-14-ribbed; the teeth half as many as the
ribs, the ribs opposite the teeth broader ; flowers 2-3
in. in diam.; leaves 3°5-8 in. long ae ws 4 LL. Flos-Reginz.

3. JL, ovalifolia.

1. ULaGeRstR@MIA FLORIBUNDA, Jack in Mal. Mise. J, 38. <A tree
15-30 feet high. Leaves ovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, sub-acute, the
base rounded, sub-sessile; main nerves 8-12 pairs, sub-horizontal or
curving upwards ; both surfaces minutely reticulate when dry, the upper
glabrous and shining, the lower with deciduous stellate pale brown

‘pubescence, or glabrous; length 5-7 in., breadth 2-2:75 in. Panicle
-much longer than the leaves, terminal, erect; the branches long, race-

moid, the ultimate branchlets cymose, ascending, everywhere (as also the
calyces,) covered with more or less deciduous wooly rusty pubescence.
Flowers 15 in, in diam., on short pedicels. Calyx turbinate in bud,
boldly 12-ridged, each alternate ridge passing into one of the 6
triangular calyx-teeth and often forming a mucro at its apex. Petuls
sub-orbicular, with wavy edges, rose-coloured changing to whitish.
Stamens unequal, the outer rows the longest. Capsule ‘5 in. long,
elliptic, minutely cinereous-tomentose, half enveloped in ‘the calyx,
style persistent. DC. Prodr. III, 93; Wall. Cat. 2115; Mig. Flor. pees
Bat, I, pt. I, 623 (not Blume Mus. Bot. II, t. 41) ; Griff. Notul. 1V, 509 ;
Kurz For. Flor. I, 522; Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor, Br. Ind. Lib dae:

Kenan; Curtis 2602. Prnana; King. Trane; King’s Collector
1407. Matacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 653/2. Disrris. Burma,
Siam, China.

2. LaGerstRemia HypoLeuca, Kurz in Journ, As. Soc. Beng. for 1872
Pt. II, p. 30. A tree 60-70 feet high; all parts except the inflorescence
glabrous. Leaves thickly membranous, oblong-lanceolate to elliptic
or oblong-elliptic, shortly acuminate, the base rounded; main nerves
8-12 pairs, spreading, not prominent; both surfaces rather distinctly
reticulate when dry, the upper shining, the lower glaucous; length
5-8 in., breadth 2-3 in., petiole*3 in.long. Panicles minutely cinereous-
velvety, longer than the leaves, terminal, few-branched, the branches
with rather short cymose sub-horizontal branchlets. Flowers about
1°25 or 1°56 in. in diam., on jointed whitish unequal pedicels. Calyzx
turbinate in bud, minutely whitish-velvety, boldly 10-ribbed, the
alternate ribs excurrent into the 5 triangular acute mucronate lobes
of the mouth. Petals lilac, oblong, wavy, ‘5 in. long. Capsule woody,
oblong, mucronate, about "65 in. long. For. Flor. Burm., I, 023 ;
Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. IJ, 577.

301

8 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

ANDAMAN Istanps; Kurz, Prain, King’s Collectors, Great Coco
Is~taAnpD; Prain.

3. LAGERSTREMIA OVALIFOLIA, Teysm. et Binn. in Nat. Tijdsch.
Ned. Ind. II. (1840) 306. A tree 50 or even 100 feet high. Leaves
oblong, ovate or oblong-obovate, acute, slightly narrowed to the base ;
main nerves 4 or 5 pairs, curved, ascending, slightly prominent on the
lower surface when dry; upper surface greenish with minute black
dots when dry, glabrescent except sometimes the minutely pubescent
nerves; the lower brown when dry, glabrescent; length 2-3°25 in.,
breadth 1°25-2 in., petiole ‘25 in. Punicle terminal, puberulous, 3-8
in. long, few-flowered ; the branches few, sub-horizontal, cymose, puberu-
lous below; the pedicels minutely velvety, cinereous. Flowers 1-5 in.
in diam., on jointed velvety pedicels, Calyx turbinate, minutely
cinereous-velvety, with 8 or 9 bold winged ridges not passing into the
calyx-teeth. Calyzx-teeth 8 or 9, acutely triangular, the edges thickened
and reflexed. Petals (with claw) °75 in. long, orbicular, clawed, purple,
their edges slightly undulate. Capsule elliptic-ovoid, blunt, minutely
velvety, °75 in. long, and ‘6 in, in diam. Kriudk. Arch. III, 440; Pl.
Nov. Hort. Bog. (ed. Vriese) 20. Blume Mus, Bot. Lugd. Bat. II, 127;
Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 624; Koorders and Valeton, Bijdr. I, 193.
DL. celebica, 31,1. c. 127. DL. hexaptera, Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 623;
Clarke in Hook, fil. Flor. Br. Ind. IJ, 577. ;

Matacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib. 653). Prrakx; King’s Collectors
8701, 10025 & 10532. Panane; Ridley 2640.

I can find no character to separate L. hexaptera, Mig. from the older species of
Teysmann and Binnindik. Miquel’s name is moreover an unhappy one, as the
calyx-teeth are usually 9 and not 6.

4, Lagerstremia Fros-Recina, Retz (1789) Obs. V, 25, A tree
30-60 feet high, all parts except the inflorescence glabrous. Leaves
oblong to elliptic-oblong, acute, narrowed (rarely obtuse) at the base,
shortly petiolate; main nerves 10-13 pairs, curving upwards, slightly
prominent beneath when dry; both surfaces minutely reticulate,
glabrous, the upper shining, the lower dull and of a dark brown colour
when dry, length 3°5-8 in., breadth 1°75-3 in., petiole ‘25-4 in.
Panicle terminal, longer than the leaves, its ultimate branchlets cymose.
Flowers from 2-3 in. in diam., on rather thick greyish unequal pedicels.
Calyx turbinate, with 12-14 prominent stout ridges; those opposite the
calyx-teeth broader, the mouth with 6-7 acute triangular spreading
thick coriaceous teeth thickened at the edges. Petals sub-orbicular,
clawed, corrugated and with undulate edges. Stamens all equal in
length. Cajsule oblong to sub-globose, minutely apiculate, *8—1°25 in,
long, and ‘6—75in. indiam, Kurzin For. Flora Burm, I, 524; Clarke in

302 :

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 9

Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. If, 577. L. Munchhausia, Lamk. Ency. III, 375 ;
Til. t. 473 fig. 2. DL. Regine, Roxb. Pl. Corom, I, 46, t. 65; Hort. Beng.
38; Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 505; Blume Bijdr. 1127; DC. Prodr.
III, 93; W. & A. Prodr. Flor. Penins. Ind, 308; Blume Mus. Bot.
Lugd. Bat. II, 126; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 623 and Suppl. 328,
L. speciosa, Pers. (1807) Ench. II, 72 (not of DC.); Koehne in Engl.
Bot. Jahrb. IV, 28; Koorders and Valeton, Bijdr. I, 190, (excl. from
all where reduced the syn. L. macrocarpa, Wall.).
Matacca, Singapore. Perak. Disrris. Java, British India.

I have adopted Retz’s name (published in 1789) for this plant, as it is pretty
nearly certain what Retz’s plant was. Koehne, Koorders and Valeton and others
however adopt Persoon’s name of L. speciosa on the ground that, although it dates
from only 1807, it preserves the specific name of Linnzeus (Munchhausenia speciosa
1770). But this procedure is rendered inadmissable when Linnzus’s description of
that plant is consulted, for he describes M. speciosa as a shrub, whereas this plant is a
large tree; moreover the rest of his description would apply to various other species
of Lagerstremia ; the identity of M. speciosa, L. is thus quite uncertain. L. macro-
carpa of Wall. Cat. 2114, is a tree of about the size of L. Flos-Regine and resem-
bles it in most respects, but differs (1) in having leaves of larger size (5-12 in.
long) more or less broadly elliptic, never oblong or elliptic-oblong, the apex often
sub-acute and the base broad or narrowed into a petiole twice as long as that of
L. Flos-Reginz ; (2) in the calyx being very slightly, if at all, furrowed and never
ribbed, and (3) in having a larger more globose capsule (1-1°35 in. long and nearly
as much in diam.) This tree has been in cultivation in the Bot. Garden, Calcutta,
side by side with L. Flos-Reginz for many years. It flowers earlier than the latter,
has pink (not lilac) petals, and much larger capsules. In my opinion it is a good
species and should not be merged in L. Flos-Reginz. It is found only in Burma
and Chittagong. Kurz, who was familiar with it in its wild state in Burma, con-
sidered it distinct and kept it as a species in his Forest Flora of British Burma.

+. Duapanca, Ham,

Large glabrous trees with pendent quadrangular branches. Leaves
opposite, distichous, large, short-petioled, elongated, acute, entire, cordate
or rounded atthe base. Panicles large, terminal, with opposite branches ;
flowers large. Calyx-tube wide, adnate to the base of the ovary; lobes
4-7, thick, valvate in the bud. Petals 4-7, clawed, obovate, crisped
and undulate, white. Stamens very many, inserted on a perigynous
ring. Ovary conical, 4-8-celled; style bent, long; stigma capitate,
4—8-lobed ; ovules very many, ascending, placentas covering nearly
the whole interior surface of the ovarian cells. Capsule sub-globose,

surrounded at the base by the thick spreading calyx, coriaceous, perfectly
or imperfectly 4-8-celled, 4-8-valved. Seeds very numerous, minute,
ellipsoid, testa produced at both ends in two tails much exceeding the
length of the nucleus. Disrais. Species 2; Hastern Himalaya, Assam

and Malaya,
353

10 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

DCABANGA SONNERATIOIDES, Ham. in Trans. Linn. Soe, XVII, 178.
A tree 60-100 feet high. Leaves thinly coriaceous, oblong to ovate-
oblong, 7-12 in. long and 2°5-4 in. broad, glabrous, glaucous beneath.
Flowers 2—2°5 in, across, on thick-jointed pedicels tapering to the base ;
panicle short, few-flowered, drooping. Petals 4—7, about 1 in. long.
Capsule ovoid-globose, 1-1°5 in. in diam. Hook. fil. Ill. Him. Pl. t. 11;
Kurz For. Flor. Burm. I, 525; Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. Il, 579.

D. grandiflora, Walp. Rep. II, 114. Lagerstremia grandiflora, Roxb.:

Hort. Beng. 38; Flor. Ind. HI, 503; DC. Prodr. Ill, 93; Wall. Cat.
2111; Blume Mus. Bot. I, 109, Leptospartion grandiflorum, Griff. le.
Pl. Asiat. t. 591.

Perak; Scortechini, King’s Collector 5912. ANDAMANS AND NICOBARS,
King’s Collectors, Distrrs. Burma, Assam, Khasia, Hastern Himalaya,

6. Sonneratia, Linn. f.

Ever-green trees, growing near the sea, glabrous. Leaves opposite,
petioled, coriaceous, entire. lowers without bracts, large, three to-
gether at the sammits of the branches, or axillary and solitary. Calya
thick, coriaceous ; lobes 4-8, lanceolate, valvate. Petals 0, or as many
as the calyx-lobes and linear-oblong. Stamens uumerous, inserted in a
circular band on the calyx-tube. Ovary nearly free, or adnate at the
base to the calyx-tube, many-celled ; style long, stigma capitate; ovules
numerous, ascending, placentas axile. Berry subglobose, supported by
the persistent calyx, 10—15-celled. Seeds very many, small, curved,
angular, embedded in pulp; cotyledons econvolute. Dtsrais. Species
4—5 ; on the tropical sea-shores of the Hastern hemisphere.

With petals _ en ee aa oo. iL. 8. acida.
Without petals :—

Calyx in bud ovoid, obtuse ... eve .. lL. §S. aerda,
var. Griffithit.
Calyx in bud narrowly ellipsoid, tapering to both ends ese | Oa, Os bom

1. Sonneratia acrpa, Linn. fil, Suppl. 252. A small tree 10-35
feet high, the branchlets jointed and 4-angled, Leaves oblong to oblong-
obovate or obovate, tapering into a broad short petiole, blunt and
‘sometimes retuse ; length 2-3 in., breadth 1°35 to 2 in. in the obovate
forms. Flower-buds solitary, ellipsoid, the calyx-tube not angled; the
calyx when fully developed 1 in. long, its lobes 6-8, the lobes triangular,
reflexed. Petals linear, slightly broader towards the apex than at the
base. Style exserted, sometimes 3 in, long, stigma capitate, Capsule
depressed-globose, sometimes as much as 2 in. in diam,, the apex some-

what concave, the walls thiek, Roxb, Hort. Beng. 38; Flor. Ind. II,

506; Roth Nov, Sp. 233; DC, Prodv. III, 231; Wall. Cat. 3641

Dod -

meet

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 1L

W.& A, Prodr. 327 ; Wight Ic. t. 340; Griff. Notul. IV, 652; Blume
Mus. Bot. I, 336; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 496; Dalz, & Gibs. Bomb,
Flor. 98; Brand. For. Flor. 242; Kurz For. Fl. Burm. I, 526; Clarke
in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 580; Koorders and Valeton, Bijdr. I, 198.
Rhizophora caseolaris, Linn. Sp. Pl. 635. <Aubletia caseolaris, Gertn,
Fruet. I, 479, t..78. :

PenanG; Curtis 1108. Perak; Scortechinit, Wray 2494. ANDAMANs;
Kurz, Prain, King’s Collectors, Distvris. the coasts of Burma, the
Deltas of the British Indian Rivers and of those of the Malayan Islands.

Var. Griffith, Leaves. obovate, petals none. S. Griffithii, Kurz
Pegu Report, App. B, 54; For. Flora Burma, I, 526 ; Clarke in Flor. Br.
Ind. II, 580. 8, alba, Griff. (not of Smith) Notul. IV, 652. 8. neglecta,
Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat, I, 338; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 498.

Perak; Scortechini 967. Disrris. Burma.

The fruit of this variety is unknown; but the scanty material, so far as it goes,
appears to show that the plant is merely an apetalous form of S. acida with leaves
more obovate than is usual in that species. I have therefore reduced it to a form
of the latter. Blume described other three species of Sonneratia with petals,
viz., 8. obovata, §. evenia, and S. lanceolata separating them chiefly by characters
taken from the shapes of the leaves. But in this genus the form of the leaf is very
variable, and I doubt whether these three species are more than forms of S. acida.
8S. Pagapat, Blanco, and S. ovalis, Korth. are probably also forms of it.

2. SONNERATIA ALBA, Smith in Rees Cyclop. XX XIII, No. ¥. A small
tree 10-15 feet high ; young branches rather terete. Leaves obovate or
obovate-reniform, decurrent on the short petiole, blunt or retuse, 2—4 in.
long and nearly as broad, petiole *125-—-25 in. Flower-buds narrowly
ellipsoid, tapering to each end, very slightly ridged; the fully developed
calyx sharply angled; its lobes 6-8, oblong-lanceolate, acute. Petals none.
Flowers about the size of those of S. acida, usually 2 or 3 together.
Capsule broadly obconic, ribbed, 1 in. or more in diam. at the apex.
DC. Prodr. III, 231; Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I, 338; Mig. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, Pt. I, 497; Kurz For. Flora Burma I, 526; Clarke in Flor.
Br. Ind. II, 580; Koorders and Valeton, Bijdr. I, 200. S. Mossambi-
censis, Klotsch in Peters Reis. Mossamb, Bot. t, 12. 8S. acida, Benth.
(not of Linn. fil.) Flor. Austral. If], 301; Hiern in Oliv. Flor. Trop.
Afric. [I, 483; Wall. Cat. 3641 B.

Srncavore; Wallich, Distris. Java, Moluccas.

Order XLIX. ONAGRACEA.

Herbs, rarely undershrubs, sometimes aquatic. Leaves opposite or
alternate, entire or toothed, undivided (in Trapa the submerged leaves
pinnatipartite), exstipulate. Flowers hermaphrodite, mostly axillary
and solitary, or spiked or racemed towards the ends of the branches,

és caubahaeg tet Com BSD

12 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

sub-irregular. Calyz-tube wholly adnate to the ovary (half-adnate in
Trapa), limb with 2-5 valvate lobes. Petals epigynous, alternate with -
the calyx-lobes, rarely 0. Stamens as many or twice as many as the
petals, inserted with them. Ovary inferior (half-inferior in rapa),
1-6-celled, most often 4-celled; style 1, cylindric or subulate, stigma
capitate or nearly 2-lobed or 4-fid; ovules one or many in each cell,
pendulous or half-ascending, placentas axile. Fruit various, dehiscent
or indehiscent, membranous capsular or bony, 1- or several-celled, 1 or
w-seeded. Seeds without albumen, or nearly so, Distris. Species 300,
spread throughout the world, most abundant in the North Temperate
Zone.

Stamens twice as numerous as the calyx-lobes... .. Ll. JUSSIMA.
Stamens equal in number to the calyx-lobes ... .. 2, Lupwiela,

1. Jussiaa, Linn.

Herbaceous or suffruticose, sub-aquatic. Leaves simple, alternate,
usually entire. Flowers white or yellow, solitary, axillary; pedicel
usually bibracteate at the apex. Culya-tube narrow, only slightly
produced above the ovary ; its teeth 4-6, acute, persistent. Petals 4-6,
epigynous. Stamens also epigynous, twice as numerous as the petals.
Ovary inferior, 4—5-celled; style simple, usually very short, the stigma
4-or 5-lobed ; ovules numerous, axile, in several vertical: rows at the
inner angle of each cell. Capsule narrow, cylindric or angled, 4- or 5-
celled, 8-10-ribbed, dehiscing septicidally. Seeds very numerous, with-
out coma. Disrris. Species 30, tropical, chiefly American.

JUSSIZA SUFFRUTICOSA, Linn, Sp. Pl. 555. Erect, branching, 1—4 feet
high. Leaves lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or almost linear, acute or
acuminate, narrowed to the base, villous, pubescent or sub-glabrous,
2-3 in. long, and ‘25-75 in. broad, sessile or very shortly petioled.
Flowers *5—'75 in. in diam., on very short pedicels, the bracts small or
foliaceous. Petals wholly yellow. Capsule linear, cylindric, 1-2 in.
long, membranous, not woody, 8-ribbed, deciduously villous or pubes-
cent. Seeds sub-hemispheric; the testa with a prominent raphe, shining,
brown, not corky. DC. Prodr. 11], 58; Wall. Cat. 6334; Mig. Flor. Ind.
Bat. I, Pt. I, 628; Kurz in Journ. As, Soc. 1877, Pt. II, 90; Clarke in Flor.
Br. Ind, II, 587. J. exaltata, Roxb. Hort. Beng, 33; Flor. Ind. II, 401.
J, villosa, Lamk. Dict. III, 3381; DC. Prody. III, 57; Wall. Cat. 6333; |
W. & A. Prodr. 336; Gibs. & Dalz. Bomb. Flor. 98. J. fruticosa, DC.
lec. J. scabra, Willd.; DC. 1.c. J. Burmanni, and octophila, DC, 1. c.
J. longipes, Griff. Notul. IV, 689. J. decumbens, Wall. Cat. 6322,
J. angustifolia, Lamk. Dict. ITI, 331 and Ill, t. 280, fig. 3; DC. Prodr. HI,

55; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 627. Hpilobium fruticosum, Lour, Flor.
Cochin-china 226. Rheede Hort. Mal. II, t. 50,
306

- Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 13

SINGAPORE; Penanc; Perak; Anpaman Isnanps, and probably in
all the other provinces; Distris. British India, Ceylon,
A widely distributed plant to which many names have been given. It is

readily distinguished from J. repens, Linn. (the only other species common to the
tropics of both worlds) by its narrower leaves, membranous capsule and erect habit.

2. _Lupwiaia, Linn.

Herbs, Leaves alternate, undivided, sub-entire. Flowers usually
axillary, solitary, sessile or nearly so, peduncle 2-bracteate at its apex.
Culyx-tube scarcely produced above the ovary, linear in the Indian
species; teeth 3-5, acute, persistent. Petals 3-5 (or 0), epigynous,
yellow. Stamens equal in number to the calyx-segments, epigynous.
Ovary inferior, 4-5-celled ; style simple, stigma capitate; ovules very
many, attached in 2 or more vertical rows to the inner angle of each
cell. Capsule linear or oblong (in the Indian species), 4—5-celled, open-
ing by terminal pores or breaking up irregularly along the sides. Seeds
numerous, obovoid, smooth, raphe obscure or prominent but not large,
without coma. Distris. Species 20, mostly in North America; extend-
ing from the cool temperate zone to the equator; chiefly inhabiting
marshes.

Capsules inflated, seeds in several rows re .» Ll. DL. parviflora.
Capsules filiform, not inflated; seeds in a ae row in
each cell... ag ie Be .. 2. IL. prostrata.

1. Lupwicia parvirtora, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 11; Flor. Ind. I, 419.

' An erect glabrous herb 8-24 in. high. Leaves lanceolate, linear-lanceo-

late or linear-oblong, narrowed to each end, 1-3 in long, and -25—*75 in.
broad. lowers on short pedicels, usually 4-fid. Petals small. Capsule
inflated, obsoletely 4-angled, smooth, crowned for sometime by the
persistent calyx-teeth, *35-"5 in. long. Seeds in many rows in each cell,
DC. Prodr. III, 59; Wight Ill. t. 10L; W. & A. Prodr. 336; Dalz. &
Gibs. Bomb. Flor. 99; Benth. Flor. Austral. IIT, 307; Boiss. Flor.
Orient. II, 752; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, Pt. II, 91; Clarke in
Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 588, JL. lythroides, Blume Bijd. 1134;
DC. Lec. D. jussixoides, Wall. Cat. 6335 (not of Linn. and others).

Perak; Scortechint 442; Wray 2720. Disrris. British India
and Ceylon.

2. Lupwiatd prostraTa, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 11; Flor. Ind. I, 420.
Stem prostrate, or decumbent at the base and then erect, 8-24 in. long,
glabrous. Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, —
tapering to the base, 2-4 in. long and °35--75 in. broad. Flowers some-
times more than one in an axil, sessile, 4-fid. Petals lanceolate, longer
than the calyx. Capsule 4-angled, thin, filiform, not at all inflated,

307

14 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

smooth, crowned by the linear calyx-teeth ; length *5-1 in. diam. ‘02 in.
Seeds oval, ina single row in each cell, DC. Prodr. III, 59; Wight Ie. t.
762; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, Pt. II, 91. Clarke in Flor. Br. Ind,
11, 588. JL, diffusa, Ham. in Trans. Linn. Soc. XIV, 301; Wall. Cat.
6336; DC. l. c« LD. fruticulosa, Blume Bijd. 1153; DC.1.c, Nemato-
pyxis prostrata, pusilla, and fruticulosa, Miq. Flor. Ind, Bat. I, Pt. I, 630.

Perak; Curtis 3183. Srycapore; King’s Collector 58. ANDAMANS ;
King’s Collector, Distris. Burma, Cachar, Sylhet, Assam, and the base
of the Eastern Himalaya.

A species closely resembling L. parviflora, but readily distinguished by having
very slender capsules, through the walls of which the seeds may be distinguished
lying in single row in each cell; whereas in L. parviflora the seeds are in several
rows in each cell and are undistinguishable on the outside of the thick walls of the
short inflated capsules.

Order L, SAMYDACEA.

Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, often distichous, petioled, rarely
subsessile, simple, entire or slightly crenate or serrate, often closely
punctulate beneath ; stipules small, deciduous. lowers regular, small,
axillary, shortly pedicelled, densely fascicled or in long simple or
panicled racemes. Calyx coriaceous, persistent; tube short, free, or
longer and adnate to the ovary; limb 3-7-fid. Petals as many as the
calyx-lobes (or 0), perigynous, imbricated. Stamens definite or indefi-
nite, often with staminodes between or united in a tube with them.
Ovary superior or half-superior, 1-celled ; style 1, capitate or 3-fid at the
apex, or styles 2-5; ovules many or several, placentas 2-5 (usually 3),
parietal. Frwit loculicidally 2-5- (usually 3-) valved, valves carrying
the seeds on their mesial line. Seeds several (usually few, sometimes
many), oblong or angular, albuminous, usually drilled. Disrrrs.
Species 180, scattered through the tropical regions of the globe, rarely
also in the subtropical.

Flowers without petals :—

Flowers in axillary glomeruli, aa solitary ... . 1, CASEARIA,
Flowers in long slender racemes or panicles _.. .. 2 OSMELIA.
Flowers with petals; flowers in axillary or terminal racemes
or panicles see se see elf aes .. 3 HoMaLIuM,

1. Casearia, Jacq.

Shrubs or small trees. Leaves alternate, distichous, petioled, un-
divided, entire or slightly serrate, often minutely punctate; stipules
small, lateral, caducous. Flowers small, greenish-yellow, clustered in
the axils (in the Indian species); pedicels short, jointed above their
bases, surrounded by small scales. Calya inferior, deeply 4~-5-lobed ;

358

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 15

lobes imbricate, obtuse, persistent. Petals 0. Stamens double the number
of the calyx-lobes or thereabout, united in a tube with staminodes
alternating with the free portion of the filaments; staminal tube hypo-
gynous, sometimes very short so that the filaments are nearly or quite
free. Ovary free, ovoid, 1-celled, style simple, stigma capitate or 3-fid;
ovules many, parietal. Fruit succulent, globose or ovoid, ellipsoid
(when dry somewhat 3-angular or 6-ribbed), 3-rarely 2-valved. Seeds
many, angular or obovoid, with a fleshy usually coloured aril ; embryo
straight. Duisrris. Species 140, in the warmer parts of the whole globe,
most plentiful in America.

Leaves pubescent on the lower surface, glabrescent on the

upper :—
Leaves narrowed or rounded, but never cordate or trun-

cate, at the base ; glomeruli few-flowered ... .. Ll. GC. Lobbiana,
Leaves cordate or truncate at the base; glomeruli many-

flowered ... a oe tae . 2. C. grewiefolia,

Leaves glabrons on both surfaces :—
Fruit not exceeding 1 in. in length and usually much
shorter :—
Leaves broadly elliptic, shortly acuminate, thinly mem-
branous ; calyx-teeth 4 én ae .. 3&8. (C. albicans,
Leaves elliptic-oblong, thinly coriaceous or membran-
ous, main nerves 10-12 pairs; stamens 10 -. 4. CC. andamanica.
Leaves elliptic-oblong to elliptic-lanceolate, main nerves
6-S pairs; stamens 8 nea =. » 5. OC. esculenta.
Fruit large, fleshy, 15-2 in. long; leaves narrowly
oblong ; coriaceous.
Flowers in glomeruli :—
Leaves tapering slightly to base and apex; fruit

apiculate ihe --- 6. GC. Kunstleri.
Leaves acute at the apex, ani: acute i the base;
fruit not apiculate _ . @. O. Clarket,
Flowers solitary or in fascicles of 2, peer .. 8. @. macrocarpa.

1. Casearia Lopsrana, Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. (1858),
XXXI, Pt. I, 463, A slender tree 15-20 feet high; young branches
slender, densely tawny-pubescent. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate,
shortly acuminate, the base rounded or narrowed; upper surface
glabrescent, the midrib and nerves pubescent ; lower surface sparsely
pubescent, densely so on the midrib and nerves; main nerves 8—10
pairs, curving upwards, length 2-5 in., breadth *75-2:25 in. ; petioles
2-3 in., tomentose, slender. Flowers few together in the leaf-axils, on
very short pedicels, glabrescent. Calyz-teeth twiangular, acute, reflexed,
Staminodes villous, rather shorter than the stamens. Fruit almost
sessile and nearly globose, orange-yellow when ripe, ‘5 in. long and -4
in, in diam. Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 594,

309

16 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

StncaroreE; Lobb. Perak; King’s Collector 2377, 2631, 10731;
Wray ; 829, 2594 Scortechini (without number), Distris. Tenasserim.

2. CASEARIA GREWIZFOLIA, Vent. Choix. 48. A small tree; young
branches 4-angled, densely rusty-tomentose. Leaves oblong, acute, not
at all or very little uarrowed to the cordate sub-truncate base, the
edyes entire or minutely crenulate; upper surface shining, almost
glabrous, the lower surface pellucid-punctate when fresh, tomentose
on the midrib and 10-14 pairs of little-curved ascending main nerves,
otherwise sparsely pubescent; length 4°25-6 in., breadth 1:25-2:35 in.,
petiole ‘2 in. Glomeruli many-flowered, chiefly from the axils of fallen
leaves; the flower-pedicels slender, ‘25 in. long, minutely pubescent,
articulated at the base. Jlower-bud *15 in. long; sepals minutely
adpressed-pubescent, adnate at the base to the short staminal column.
Stamens 8, the glabrous filaments alternating with the 8 pubescent
staminodes. Ovary pyramidal, hairy at its junction with the style.
Fruit compressed-ellipsoid, nearly 1 in. long, glabrous, boldly ridged
when dry. DO. Prodr. II, 51; Miq. Flor, Ind, Bat. I, Pt. I, 706;
Clarke in Flor. Br. Ind. II, 594. C. variubilis, Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd.
Bat. I, 252. C. subcuneata, Migq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 706. C. cinerea,
Turez. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. (1858), XX XI, Pt, I, 462.

Matacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 659, 661. Perak; Scortechini ;
2003. Disrris. Java, Bali, and other Islands of the Malay Archipelago.

3. CASEARIA ALBICANS, Wall. Cat. 7197. A shrub 3 or 4 feet high ;
young branches slender, very pale, almost white when dry, glabrous.
Leaves thinly membranous, pale brown when dry and much pellucid-
punctate, more or less broadly elliptic, shortly acuminate; the base
rounded or very slightly narrowed, the edges entire, both surfaces gla-
brous and finely reticulate when dry; main nerves 8 or 9 pairs, curved,
ascending ; length 4—7°5 in., breadth 2°25-4 in., petiole *25 in. Glome-
ruli small, few-flowered, axillary ; flower-buds obovoid, almost sessile,
surrounded by numerons acute bracteoles. Calya-teeth 4, broadly tri-
angular, glabrous. Fruit broadly ovoid, compressed, acute, subglabrous,
1 in. long and ‘65 in. in its broad diameter. ‘‘ Samydex,” Wall. Cat.
7432.

Penance; Wallich. Perak; King’s Collector 3634.

The above description is drawn up from the two sheets of Wall. Cat. above
quoted and of King’s Collector 3634. One of Wallich’s specimens 9197 has fruit
in a pocket detached from the twig, the others have no fruit. The plant here
named C. albicans is not, however, that described under the same name by Mr.
C. B. Clarke in the Flora of British India. Mr. Clarke’s plant is 660 of Maingay’s
Herbarium, and is referred by me (along with 660/2) to C. macrocarpa, Clarke.

4. CASEARIA ANDAMANICA, new species, <A tree 20-40 feet high ;
young branches pale brown, glabrous. Leaves oblong-elliptic, acute,
360

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 17

slightly narrowed and somewhat oblique at the very base ; both surfaces
glabrous, minutely reticulate when dry; main nerves 10-12 pairs,
spreading, curving upwards, slightly prominent beneath ; length 6-9 in.,
breadth 2°75-3°5 in., petiole ‘5-75 in. Glomeruli axillary, large and
many-flowered ; buds sub-globular, glabrous ; pedicels about *25 in, long
glabrous, the bracteoles minute. Calya-segments ovate, glabrous ;
staminal tube wide, nearly glabrous, adherent below to the sepals ;
‘filaments 10, as long as the tube and as the alternating villous stami-
nodes, Ovary elongate-pyramidal, 3-angled, stigma capitate; fruit un-
known.

Anpaman Isnanps ; King’s Collectors.

5. CASEARIA ESCULENTA, Roxb, Flor. Ind. IJ, 422. A shrub or
small tree as high as 20 or 30 feet; young branches pale, striate when
dry, glabrous. Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic-oblong to elliptic-
lanceolate, acute at the apex and acute or obliquely rounded at the
base, the edges entire; both surfaces reticulate ; main nerves 6-8 pairs,
spreading, not prominent; length 3-7 in., breadth 1:5-2-25 in., petiole
"25 in. Glomeruli axillary, many-flowered ; buds and pedicels glabrous,
the latter 2-25 in. long; bracteoles very short, glabrous. Calyx-teeth
4, broadly ovate, concave. Sramens 8, alternating with the staminodes.
Ripe fruit ellipsoid to globular-ovate, glabrous, dehiscing by 2 or 5
valves, length *75 in, or more. Clarke in Flor. Br. Ind, II, 592,
C. leevigata, Dalz, in Hook. Journ. Bot. LV, 107; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb.
Flor. 11. OC, Chanpionit and C. Zeylanica, Thwaites, Enum. PI. Ceylon,
19. C@. varians, Thwaites Enum. 19 (in part).

Srvncapore; Lobb, Grigith, Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 657.

Perak; Ledley 5218; Scortechini 804; King’s Collector 4699, 7001,

A widely distributed species presenting a considerable amount of variation,
Perak specimens have larger leaves than those from British India; but they appear
to have smaller fraits; for Roxburgh describes the fruit of the plant, as it grows
in the Northern Circars, as being as large as a nutmeg.

6, CaseariA Kunstuert, King n. spec. A tree 30-80 feet high ;
young branches pale, glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, narrowly oblong,
tapering slightly to each end, the edges entire; both surfaces glab-
rous and minutely reticulate; the upper shining, the lower rather
dull; main nerves 7 or 8 pairs, ascending and only slightly curved,
prominent on the lower surface; length 5-7 in., breadth 1-5-2 in.;
petiole -25 in, stout. Glomeruli mostly in the axils of fallen leaves,
many-flowered; pedicels stout, glabrous *35-45 in, long; buds ‘15 in.
long, blunt. Calyx 5-cleft, the segments broadly ovate, obtuse, concave,
minutely pubescent, Stamens 10, broad, sub-acute, the filaments broad,
pointed, their edges pubescent. Stuminodes elliptic, their apices acute and

361

a "yi taunt

18 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

pubescent. Ovary broadly ovate, 5-celled ; the stigma capitate-discoid,
almost sessile. Fruit bright yellow, broadly ovoid or obovoid, apicu-
late, tapering also to the base, glabrous, 1°5-2 in. long and *75-1°35 in.
diam., pulpy and smooth when ripe, boldly 3-angled when dry.

Perak ; Wray 38752; King’s Collector 3694, 6956, 7118.

This resembles both C. macrocarpa and C. Clarkei in several respects, but it has
larger and more numerous flowers, and the fruit is broader, in proportion to its
length, than is the case in either of these species. The leaves are less shining

and reticnlate than those of C. macrocarpa, but they closely resemble those of
C. Clarke.

7. CaseartACLarKEl, King. A tree; young branches thick, glabrous,
striate. Leaves coriaceous, narrowly oblong, acute at both base and
apex, both surfaces glabrous, the upper shining ; main nerves 5-7 pairs,
slightly curved, ascending, prominent beneath; length 5-10 in., breadth
1°5-2°75 in., petiole 25-4 in. long. Glomeruli very condensed, axillary,
many-flowered ; pedicels '25 in. long, glabrous like the buds. Ripe
fruit ovoid, bright yellow, 2 in. long and 1:25 in. in diam. (. albicans,
Clarke in Flor. Br. Ind. H, 593 (not of Wallich).

Matacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 660. Sincarore; Ridley 6354.

This species resembles C. macrocarpa Clarke, but has smaller fruit. Its leaves
are moreover larger, less shining and less reticulate, and the glomeruli are much
more numerously flowered.

8. CaASBARIA MAcROCARPA, Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II,
593. A small tree; young branches reddish, glabrous. Leaves narrowly
lanceolate, acute or acuminate, the base narrowed, the edges entire;
both surfaces glabrous, shining, minute, reticulate when dry; main nerves
about 5 or 6 pairs, curved, ascending, length 4—6 in., breadth 1 to 15 in.,
petiole *3-4in. long, Glomeruli axillary, one-or few-flowered ; pedicels
about ‘15 in, long, glabrous, the buds glabrous outside, reddish ; calyx-
teeth 5, oblong, blunt, minutely velvety inside. Fruit obovoid or
ellipsoid, compressed, 1*5-1°75 in. long by °65 in. bread; seeds obovoid,
compressed.

Panane ; Maingay 660/2; Curtis 229 and 960.

2. Osmetia, Thwaites.

Trees. Leaves alternate, petioled, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, entire
or obscurely serrate, epunctate; stipules minute, deciduous. Flowers
small, very nearly sessile, in long simple or panicled racemes. Calyx
inferior, divided nearly to the base; lobes 4 or 5, rounded, imbricate.
Petals 0, Stamens 8 or 10, half alternating with as many 2-lobed hairy
scales and half inserted in the notches of those scales. Ovary superior,
l-celled ; styles 3, short, with capitellate or bifid stigmas; ovules few ;

362 .

%

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. Pte

placentas 3, parietal. Capsule subglobose, 3-valved. Seeds few,
subglobose, with a red fleshy aril. Disrris. Species 6; Malaya, Philip-
pines, Ceylon.

Osmetta Marneayi, King n. spec.. A diceceous tree 20-60 feet high ;
young branches slender, minutely tawny-tomentose. Leaves membran-
ous, oblong or elliptic-oblong to elliptic, shortly acuminate, the base
rounded or slightly narrowed, the edges entire or very obscurely
erenate; the upper surface glabrous, the lower covered with minute
yellowish pubescence especially on the nerves and midrib; main nerves
6-10 pairs, curved, spreading, interarching within the edge; length
46 in., breadth 1:75 to 3 in., petiole ‘6-75 in. Male panicles slender,
terminal, several times as long as the leaves; flowers ‘1 in. in diam.
or less, on short pedicels bracteate at the base, in slightly distant small
glomeruli. Sepals 4, membranous, imbricate, rotund, pubescent, concave.
Petals 0. Stamens 8 in two rows, one row with longer filaments
alternating with the row opposite the broad villous glands. Panicles
of female flowers axillary, shorter than the leaves, slightly longer in
fruit. Calyx as in the male, but the segments smaller. Stamens sub-
equal, shorter than the calyx, the filaments very short, glands aud
ovary densely hairy; the latter sub-globular, tomentose, crowned by 3
short distant bifid glabrous stigmas, l-celled ; ovules 3, erect. Capsule
"5-65 in. long, 3-ridged, dehiscing by 3 valves.

Matacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 1448. Pera; Scortechini
158, 191, 623. King’s Collector 741, 1240, 2339, 4259, 4096, 5667, 7660,
7045, 10017, 10981; Wray 3665. Panane; Ridley 2654, Sincapore ;
King, Ridley 3804, 1904.

This appears to be a very common tree in Perak; for there is large suite of
specimens of it in the Calcutta Herbarium numbering about 150 sheets. The
various gatherings vary somewhat as to the amount of pubescence and number of
nerves on the leaves, as also in the length of the panicles; but I cannot make
out more than one species. Maingay’s specimen (Kew Distrib.) 1439 looks as if
it might be different. There is only a single sheet of it at Calcutta, and no flower
remains on its panicles. Beccari’s Sumatra plant 928 may possibly belong to still
another species. All the species have the facies of Antidesma; the capsular fruit
when present however at once distinguishes then from that genus.

3. Homatium, Jacq.

Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate,-crenate or subentire, petioled or
sessile, rarely punctulate. Hlowers hairy, small, in slender axillary and
sub-terminal simple or panicled racemes; bract at the base of the pedicel
often prominent but caducous. Calyx-twbe funnel-shaped ov cylindric,
adnate to the base of the ovary ; lobes 5-10, narrow, persistent, Petals
5-10, inserted in the throat of the calyx, linear-oblong, persistent. Dise

363

20 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

tomentose. Stamens solitary or in fascicles of 2-7, opposite the petals,
alternating with large glands. Ovary half-superior, 1- celled ; styles 2-5,
filiform, stigmas capitellate ; ovules many or several ; placentas parietal,
extending only down the upper free portion of the ovary. Capsule half-
superior, coriaceous, 2-5-valved at the apex. Seeds few, angular or

oblong. Dusrris.—Species 50, scattered over the hot regions of nearly
the whole globe.

Flowers never more than ‘35 in. in diam. :—
Stamens 1 opposite each petal; leaves glabrous fie, Mee
Stamens 2 in front of each petal; calyx-tube funnel—
shaped :—
Leaves glabrous, glaucous beneath; flowers 6-
merous eee soo 2. H. Kunstleri.
Leaves glabrous except on the midrib beneath, “i
glaucous; flowers 6- or 7-merous wae 3.
Leaves sparsely pubescent on both surfaces, ‘he
midribs tomentose ; flowers 10-merous we 4 HH. Grifithianum.
Stamens 4 in front of each petal ; flowers 6-merous,
calyx-tube cylindric, expanding very Bch at the

mouth ae eee . 8. H. frutescens,
Flowers ‘6—75 in. in diam. :—~ Ss

Stamens 4 in front of each petal; calyx-teeth 5,
much smaller than the petals ie

Stamens 7-9 opposite or sub-opposite i ere potats
calyx-teeth 7-9, larger than the petals and accrescent

H. longifolium.

H. propinquum.

6. H. undulatum.

7. H. grandiflorum.
1, Homattum tonarrotium, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, 35
A tree 40-60 feet high; young branches slender

, lenticellate, almost
glabrous.

Leaves coriaceous, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute or
shortly and bluntly acuminate, the base narrowed ; the edges entire,
sometimes slightly undulate; both surfaces quite glabrous, the lower
darkest when dry; main nerves 7-9 pairs, spreading, curved, faint;
length 3-4°5, in., breadth 15-1°75 in.; petiole 3 in., stout. Racemes
slender, axillary, solitary, rarely branched, 4-7 in. long, covered with
minute white tomentum. Flowers‘15 in. across, almost sessile, in
fascicles of 3 or 4, 6-fid, Calyz-tube narrow, its segments lanceolate like
the petals but broader Stamens one opposite to each petal alternating
with yellow-glands. Frwit unknown. Clarke in Flor. Br, Ind. ‘I,
596. Blackwellia macrostachya, Turez. in Bull. Soc. Imp. Mose. 1863
(Vol. XXXVI), 610.

Prnane; Phillips, Curtis 201. Maxacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib.)
665; Derry 994. Prrax; King’s Collector 4444, 7855, 10230, 10768 ;
Scor sehaeh 487, 2036. Sarena Scortechini 1910.

2. Homaurum Kunstueri, n. spec. King. A tree 30-40 feet highs

young branches glabrous, rather slender, smooth, glaucous. Leaves —
364:

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula, 21

coriaceous, oblong-elliptic, shortly acuminate, narrowed or rounded at
the base, sometimes oblique ; the edges remotely crenate, revolute when
dry ; both surfaces glabrous, the lower glaucous; main nerves 8 or 9
pairs, faint, curving upwards; length 45-7 in., breadth 2:25-2°75 in. ;
petiole ‘2-3 in., thick. Rucemes solitary, axillary, slightly longer than
the leaves, bearing rather distant glomeruli of 3 or 4 flowers each, the
rachis densely and minutely tomentose. Flowers *3 in. in diam., the
pedicels about ‘1 in. long. Calyx-tube short, widely funnel-shaped ;
teeth 6, oblanceolate, obtuse, spreading, minutely tomentose externally.
Petals 6, broadly lanceolate, sub-acute, equal in length to the calyx-
teeth, villous on the inner surface. Stamens 2 in front of each petal;
the filaments glabrous rising from a small bulb, Ovary hairy. Styles
5, short, sub-erect.

Perak ; King’s Collector 4286, 7109.

3. Homatium propinguum, C. B, Clarke in Flor. Br. Ind. II, 597.
A tree 60-80 or even 120 feet in height; young branches pale brown
when dry, puberulous. eaves coriaceous, elliptic to elliptic-obovate,
obtuse, or shortly acuminate, more or less narrowed and sometimes
slightly oblique at the base, the edges undulate- or undulate-crenate ;
both surfaces glabrous, the midrib alone sometimes puberulous beneath ;
main nerves 9-11 pairs, curved, spreading, prominent beneath when dry ;
length 4-7 in., breadth 2°25-3°5 in.; petiole ‘25-35 in. Racemes 4-12
in, long, clustered and sometimes panicled at the apices of the branches,
covered with soft pale tomentum, Flowers *2in, in diam., 6 or 7-fid, in
close clusters and on pedicels *15 in. long. Calyzx-tube funnel-shaped ;
its segments longer than the petals, subspathulate. Stamens twice as
many as the petals, all bearing anthers. Frwit-unknown, H. longifolium,
(in part) Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, 35. Blackwellia propingua,
Wall. Cat. 4898. B. spiralis, Wall. Cat. 4897A.

PenanG ; Porter, Curtis 1592. Purax; King’s Collector 3748, 3935,
4883, 7936. Matacca; Griffith; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 664.

4. Homatium GRIFFITHIANUM, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Bengl, XL,
Pt. LI, (for 1877), 57. A tree 30-40 feet high, the young parts softly
tawny-pubescent. Leaves membranous, obovate-oblong, shortly and
bluntly apiculate, slightly narrowed to the rounded or minutely sub-
cordate base, the edges subentire to coarsely crenate; both surfaces
sparsely pubescent, tomentose or densely pubescent on the midrib

and 7-9 pairs of spreading little curved not prominent main nerves sf

length 2°75-5 in., breadth 1:65-2°5 in.; petiole *2-4 in., pubescent.
Racemes solitary, one and a half times as long as the leaves, softly
tawny-tomentose ; the glomeruli few-flowered, not crowded together.
Flowers *35 in. in diam., densely villous in all parts. Calyx-tube conical

365

22 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

expanding into a wide mouth ; the teeth 10, linear. Petals oblanceolate
or spathulate, broader and longer than the sepals. Stamens 2 in front of
each petal, glabrous. Ovary short, crowned by 5 short slightly spread-
ing styles, glabrous towards the apex. Fruit unknown. Kurz For,
Flora Burma, II, 531; Clarke in Flor. Br. Ind. Il, 597. A. fetidwm,
Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, 37 (in part). Blaekwellia dasyantha,
Turez, Bull. Soc. Imp. Mose. Vol. XXXVI (J863), 610. Blackwellia
spec., Griff. Notule IV, 584.

Kenan; Curtis 2506. Trane; King’s Collector 1593. Disrris.
Tenasserim.

Kurz describes the calyx-lobes and petals as 6 each, and in that he is quite
wrong; for dissection of Griffith’s specimen (which is the type of the species) shows
10 of each. Although the structure of the flowers is the same in the gatherings
of this plant from Burma, Kedah and Trang, there is considerable difference as to
the amount of hair on the leaves and also as to theiredges. The Burmese specimens
are rather obscurely crenate except when very young; the Kedah plant has its adult
leaves boldly crenate and minutely pubescent on the lower surface and glabrescent
on the upper (except the midrib and main nerves) ; while the Trang specimens are
glabrescent on both surfaces, with the exception of the nerves and midrib. The
flowers of the Trang plant are moreover slightly larger than those either from
Kedah or Tenasserim.

5. Homatium rrurescens, King. <A tree 20-50 feet high; young
branches slender, pale when dry, glabrous, striate. Leaves thinly
coriaceous, elliptic-oblong to elliptic, shortly acuminate, tapering slightly
to the base; main nerves 7 or8 pairs, curving upwards, prominent beneath ;
both surfaces glabrous, minutely reticulate, the lower pale-brown and
the upper olivaceous when dry; length 3-5 in, breadth 1°75-2:25
(varely 2°75 in.), petiole ‘lin. Racemes axillary, sometimes with 2 or 3
branches, about as long as the leaves or sometimes longer, the rachis
puberulous ; the flowers numerous but not crowded, in pairs or solitary,
about ‘25 in. long, and ‘] in. or‘l15 diam. at the mouth; the pedicel
under ‘lin. in length. Calyx narrowly cylindric-conic, boldly ridged ;
teeth 6, lanceolate, acute, erect. Petals larger than the petals, oblong-
lanceolate, pubescent on both surfaces but especially on the upper.
Stamens 4 opposite each petal and slightly exceeding it im length,
glabrous. Ovary hairy, elongate; styles 5, as long as the stamens,
cylindric, erect, Fruit unknown. Blackwellia lougiflora, Mig. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 715. B. caryophyllacea, Goll. et Moritz. Syst.
Verz. 33; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. 1, ¢. 715; Homalium caryophyllaceum,
Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 1V, 38. Cordylanthus frutescens, Blume
Mus. Bot. Ludg, Bat. II, 27, fig. Hl. Homalium cordylanthus, Benth.
in Journ, Linn. Soc. 1V, 38.

Sunancor; Ridley 1902. Jouore; Ridley 4050, 4182. Perak; |
King’s Collector, 776, 777, 784, 5246, 7040, 10471, 10237, 10102, 10996.

306 |

—
cal oad. .

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 23

The flower of this is excellently figared by Blume in his Mus. Bot. as quotéd

.above, Flowers however of a slightly different shape are found in some specimens.

In these the calyx-tube is funnel-shaped and less cylindric, and the petals are more
spreading. These are associated usually with larger leaves, more broadly elliptic
in shape; and at one time I was of opinion that they might belong to a different
species. But the examination of nearly a hundred specimens of the two forms as
collected in Perak has convinced that they are not specifically separable. Blume
describes the plant as a shrub, but in Perak it is always a small tree. Miqnel’s
Homalium obovale from Sumatra (Flor. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 334) comes very near

this, and perhaps is not distinct.

6. HoMALiuMm uUNDULATUM, n. spec. King. A tree 40-60 feet high;
young branches slender, pale-brown, minutely lenticellate. Leaves

thinly coriaceous, elliptic, shortly and bluntly acuminate, slightly

narrowed and sometimes unequal at the base, the edges undulate-
crenate ; both surfaces glabrous and minutely reticulate when dry, the
upper shining, the lower dull; Jength 3-4 in., breadth 1°75-2 in., petiole
"2-25 in, Inflorescence consisting of a terminal panicle twice as long
as the leaves and of a few solitary racemes from the upper leaf-axils,
many-flowered, the rachises covered by minute rather sparse pale
tomentum. Flowers °6 or ‘7 in. in diam., lax; their pedicels slender,
tomentose, ‘4 in. long. Calyz-twbe widely funnel-shaped, very slightly
ridged, minutely tomentose; teeth 5, lanceolate, tomentose on both
surfaces like the tube. Petals 5, much longer than the sepals, obovoid,
blunt, clawed at the base, reticulate, tomentose. Stamens shorter than
the sepals and much shorter than the petals, 4 in front of each petal,
glabrous. Ovary hairy, crowned by 3 narrowly conical spreading hairy

styles, Fruit unknown.

Perak ; King’s Collector 7064, 8184, .

7. HOMALIUM GRANDIFLORUM, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. IV, 37,
A tree 30-40 feet high ; young branches rather stout, glabrous, Leaves
coriaceous, elliptic to oblong, acute or shortly acuminate, narrowed near
the petiole, the edges revolute and obscurely crenulate ; both surfaces

“minutely reticulate when dry, and the upper very shining, the lower

somewhat duller; main nerves 9-12 pairs, ascending, only slightly
curved; length 3'5-6°5 in., breadth 1:75-3°25 in.; petiole ‘2-3 in,
stout. Inflorescence consisting of terminal few-branched panicles and
of solitary axillary racemes with tomentose rachises. Flowers numerous
but not crowded, solitary, not in glomeruli, -75 in. in diam, ; the pedicels
‘2 in. long, tomentose. Calyz-tube short, hemispheric ; teeth 7-9, spathu- |

late-oblong, spreading, enlarged often flowering. Petals lanceolate,

shorter than the calyx-teeth; the glands alternating with the petals,
large. Stamens 7-12 opposite each petal ; the filaments subulate, sparsely

pilose. Ovary free or nearly so, 6-7-ridged, tomentose, conical ; styles

367

24, Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

6 or 7, short, glabrous, erect. Fruit unknown. Clarke in Flor, Br. Ind.
II, 598. Pierrea dictyonewra, Hancein Trimen’s Journ. Bot. for 1877, 339-
Matacca; Griffith. Prax; Scortechini, Sincarore; Ridley 6527.
Gulf of Siam; Hance. Distris. Tenasserim.
An examination of flowers of his Pierrea dictyonewra, sent to me by the late
Dr. Hance, proves that that plant is a species of Homalium with larger flowers and
more stamens than usual.

Order LIT. CUCURBITACE.

Climbing herbs or shrubs; tendrils solitary, lateral, spiral, simple
or divided. Leaves alternate, petioled, frequently cordate, simple, lobed
or pedately divided. Flowers moncecious or dicecious, yellow or white,
racemed and solitary, less commonly panicled. Calya-tube wholly
adnate to the ovary; limb rotate, campanulate, or tubular; lobes 5
(rarely 3), imbricate. Petals 9, inserted on the calyx-limb, united in a
tube, or nearly or quite free, sometimes fimbriated at the margin, valvate
or involute in the bud. Stamens inserted at the mouth or about the
middle or at the base of the calyx-tube, usually 3 (sometimes 5 or 2),
anthers free or united into a tube, one usually 1-celled and the other
two 2-celled, cells straight or flexuose or conduplicate, the connective
sometimes crested or produced. Ovary inferior, usually 3-carpellary ;
style 1 with 3 stigmas, more rarely styles 2-3-4; placentas usuaily 4
vertical, in double lines, the edges of the carpellary leaves being often
turned in so far that the ovary (even before fertilization) is spuriously
3-celled; ovules usually many, horizontal, rarely pendulous, sometimes
few and pendulous from near the top of the ovary. rwit generally
berried or fleshy, indehiscent or dehiscing by valves or by a circum-
scissile lid, often l-celled, the seeds being often packed in pulp or fibre.
Seeds usually many, often compressed, horizontal, pendulous, fre-
quently corrugated or sub-spinose on the margins, albumen 0. Distri.
Species 600, in the warmer parts of the whole globe especially in the
tropics.

Tribe I. CucuMERINE®. Ovules horizontal; female flowers

solitary, never panicled ; stamens 3, rarely 2 or 5, free

or variously connate ; cells of anthers straight, curved or

flexnous; ovary bearing 3 (rarely 2 or 5) placentas :—

Anther-cells conduplicate or sigmoid; corolla rotate or

campanulate, divided to the base :—
Petals cirrhiferous or fimbriate :—

Seeds only 6, perfect, very large . HopGsonta.
Seeds numerous, testa not fibrous as ... 2 TRICHOSANTHES.
Petals entire :—
Calyx-tube of male flower elongate; the anthers in-
cluded in the tube, cohering, sessile or subsessile, iat
tendrils usually simple tee obs .. & GYMNOPETALUM. ©

a

368

Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula. 25

Calyx-tube of male flower short; anthers usually
exserted or sub-exserted, free or slightly coherent :—
Stamens inserted near the month of the calyx-
tube ; the anthers cohering slightly :—
Male flowers in racemes or clusters; fruit more
or less fibrous, dehiscing by a_ transverse
lid near the apex; tendrils 2—5-fid . 4 Lurra.
Male and female flowers solitary; fruit not
fibrous, very fleshy, indehiscent ; tendrils 2-fid 5. BENINcAsa.
Stamens inserted below the mouth of the calyx-
tube; anthers more or less cohering; male
flowers in racemes, usually bracteate; tendrils

simple ee ; 6. Momorpica.
Anther-cells straight, the stitnenkive ssloaTasogl the fr ait
-on a slender pedicel was «. %. MELOTHRIA.

Tribe II, GyNostemMEm. Ovules pendulous ; female flowers
in panicles; stamens 3-5, anther-cells straight, filaments
connate near the base ; ovary 3-celled and with 3 placentas,
fruit indehiscent ae .. 8. GYNOSTEMMA,
Tribe III. Zanonezx. Ovules peuasae: fowls flowers iu
panicles or racemes; stamens 5, free, anthers straight ;
ovary with 3 placentas; fruit cylindric or clavate, dry,
l-celled, dehiscence circumscissile ; seeds winged :—
Calyx-lobes 3, seeds winged all round sii -. 9. ZANONIA.
Calyx-lobes 5, seeds winged at the apex only «. LO. ALSOMITRA.

1. Hopesonta, H. f. & T.

A large climber. Leaves coriaceous, 3—5-lobed, long-petioled ;
tendrils 2-3-fid. Flowers large, dicecious ; males in long racemes ; bratts
oblong, entire, deciduous; females solitary. Male-calyx long-tubular,
with a shortly campanulate mouth and 5 short teeth; petals 5, connate
at the base, very long-fimbriate; stamens 3, filaments very short ;
anthers exserted, connate, linear, one 1-celled, two 2-celled, cells condu-
plicate. Female calyx and corolla as in the male; ovary globose,
l-celled; style long; stigmas 3, oblong, bifid, exserted; placentas 3,
parietal, near the base of the ovary, 2-ovulate on each side. Fruit
large, depressed-globular, 12-grooved, flesh hard ; perfect seeds usually
six, each having a smaller, commonly barren one, attached to its side,
flat-ellipsoid, with sunk veins.

Hope¢sonia HeTeROCLITA, Hook. fil. and Thoms. in Proc. Linn. Soc. |
II, 257. Stem very long, often reaching 80 or 100 feet. Leaves palmate,

somewhat cordate at the base; the lobes entire, rarely slightly denti-
culate, acute; both surfaces glabrous, minutely reticulate when dry,
6-10 in, long and as broad, the petioles 2 or 3 in. long. Male racemes
about as long as the leaves; bracts solitary, oblong, acute, 5 in. long,
Calyx rusty-tomentose externally, the tube 3 or 4 in. long, with a gland
369

‘

26 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

on each tooth of the mouth. Petals sub-obcordate, retuse, about 2 in.
long, covered with brown hairs and 3-nerved externally ; the inner
surface white, the margins fringed with very long spiral villous
yellow threads. Filaments clavate, anthers forming an inverted cone ;
pistil 0. Female flowers often on a separate plant ; their peduncles 1 or
2 in. long, occasionally in a raceme much shorter than those of the
males; stamens 0. Fruit turbinate, 4-10 in. in diam., and less from base
to apex, covered with short reddish-brown tomentum. Seeds 2-3 in.
long, and 1°5-2°25 in. broad. Hook, fil. Hl. Himal: Piet, ae es
Flor. des Serres, t. 1262, 3; Clarke in Hook, fil. Flor. Br, Ind. II, 606.
Hodgsonia macrocarpa, Cogn. in DC. Mon, Phan. III, 349. Trichosan-
thes macrocarpa, Bl. Bijdr. 935; Ser. in DC. Prodr. III, 315; Miq.
Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. II, 676. TT. hexasperma, Bl. Bijdr, 935; DC.
Prodr. TII, 315; Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 192; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. lc, 678.
T’, heteroclita, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 70; Fl. Ind. III, 705; Wall. Cat. 6684.
T. grandiflora, Wall. Cat. 6685 (not of Blume).

- Perak; Scortechini, Wray, King’s Collector. Matacca; Maingay.
Penang; Wallich. .Distris. Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Burma, Assam,
and the base of the Eastern Himalaya.

The earliest name of this species was Roxburgh’s (7. heteroclita), published in
the Hortus Bengalensis‘ih 1814. Blume’s name T. macrocurpa dates from 1826.

2. TricHosanTHes, Linn.

Scandent herbs. Leaves entire or 3-9-lobed, denticulate ; tendrils
usually 2~-5-fid. Flowers dicevious or occasionally moncecions, white ; male
peduncles usually in axillary pairs, one 1-flowered caducous, the other
racemose; bracts large or small or 0; female flower solitary. Male-
calyx long-tubular; teeth 5, lanceolate, entire serrate or laciniate.
Corolla 5-fid nearly to the base, lobes long-fimbriate; stamens 3;
anthers almost included, connate (free in 7’. dioica), long-linear, one
l-celled, two 2-celled, cells conduplicate, Female calyx and corolla
as in the male. Ovary inferior, at the base of the calyx-tube,
1-celled; style filiform, 3-or 6-fid at the apex; placentas 3, parietal ; ovules
very many, horizontal, half-pendulous. Fruit lanceolate or globose,
smooth, acute or obtuse at the apex. Seeds many, horizontal, packed
in pulp, compressed, ellipsoid, sometimes angular on the margin.
Drsrers. Species 38, in South-East Asia, extending through Malaya to .
North Australia, also through China to Japan. }

Leaves, although often.deeply lobed, always simple :—
Male inflorescence ebracteate ... oes ww. 1, T.cucumerina.
Male inflorescence bracteate :—
Bracts linear-oblong or narrowly rhomboid, quite ;
entire we es owes 2 BP earn. =

370

a

Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula. 27

Bracts small ovate-lanceolate, caudate-acuminate,
obscurely dentate, leaves quite smooth and glab-
rous on both surfaces - sag tricuspidata,
Bracts very large, ovate to sub- es la dapile
incised or simply serrate; calyx-teeth lanceolate;

fruit usually globular, rarely ovate... .. 4 TT. palmata.
Bracts rather large, oblong-ovate, laciniate; calyx-
teeth spreading, entire ; fruit always ellipsoid ... 5, TT, Wallichiana.

Leaves usually trifeliolate,. but sometimes simple on the

same or different plants; leaflets membranous, unequal,

much acuminate, the edges undulate-dentate: bracts of

male inflorescence small, oblong, their edges with a few

long distant teeth ee es aA we Ge” TR Weareraee.

Leaves always trifoliolate; leaflets coriaceous, shortly and

bluntly apiculate or subacute, the edges quite entire ;

bracts of male inflorescence deltoid, their edges pectinate 7. T. celebica,

1. TricHosantHES cuCcUMERINA, Linn. Sp, Pl. Ed.1,1008, Stems
slender, angled, puberulous. Leaves membranous, orbicular-reniform to
broadly ovate in general outline; the edges remotely denticulate, often
more or less deeply 3-5 or 7-lobed; the lobes broad with acute but not
acuminate apices and often sinuate margins, the base deeply cordate,
the sinus often sub-rectangular ; upper surface sparsely pxubescent or
sub-glabrous, the lower deciduously pubescent at first, ultimately sub-
scabrid; length 2-4 in. and breadth about the same; petiole 1-2 in.,
pubescent; tendrils slender, suleate, puberulous, 2-3-fid. Male peduncles
rather longer than the leaves, pubescent, bearing a few flowers towards
the apex, ebracteate. Flowers ‘5-1 in. in diam. at the mouth; the
tube 2 or 3 times longer, cylindric, a solitary male flower sometimes
from the same axil as the peduncle. Femule flower on a peduncle ‘5 in,
long, fruit 1-3 in. long, narrowly ovoid, the apex conical, red when ripe;
seeds half ellipsoid, compressed, corrugated. Lour. Flor. Cochchin,
588; Ser. in DC. Prodr. III,.315; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 70; Roxb. Flor,
Ind. II], 720; Wall. Cat. 6690 A, B, OC, D, F; Blume’ Bijd. 933;
Dalz, & Gibs. Bomb. Flor. 102; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 676;
Naud. in Ann. Sc, Nat. Ser. 4, XVIII, 191; Kurz in Journ. As. Soe.
1877, Pt. II, 98; W. & A. Prodr. 350; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt.
I, 676; Thwaites Enum. Pl. Ceyl. 126; Benth. Flor. Austral, LI, 314;

‘Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br, Ind. II, 609; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan.

III, 358, TT. laciniosa, Klein in Herb. Rottler. 1’. pilosa, Wall. Cat,
6691. Bryonia each ats Wall. Cat. 6700 D. Cucumis sah ndins Wall.
Cat. 6728.

« . Perak; King’s Collector 5622, Wisowi Mitered Archipelago;

British ledid . oe) 4

. The Perak plant has larger flowers than any Indian specimen, and I refer it to

T, cucumerina with some hesitation. ad Ways 7 es
371

28 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

2. ?TricnosantHEes Hearni, F. Mull. in Benth. Flor. Austral. III,
315. Stem slender, glabrous, sulcate. Leaves membranous, broadly
ovate, the apex acute or acuminate, the base deeply and widely cordate ;
the edges rather remotely denticalate, sometimes remotely sinuate-lobed ;
the upper surface glabrous and shining, the lower deasely and minutely
pubescent, the nerves, subglabrous ia stout; length 4-8 in., breadth
35-6 in., petiole 1-1-75 in, Male peduncles often in pairs, axillary,
longer than the leaves, slender, puberulous, angled; floriferous in the
upper half; bracts linear-oblong, entire, about ‘25 in. long; several of
the lower ones narrowly rhomboid, all pubescent, flowers under 1 in. in
diam. at the mouth; calyx-tube cylindric, the mouth narrowly infundi-
buliform, puberulous; the lobes of the mouth narrow, acute. emale
flower and fruit unknown.

Anpamans ; IKurz, King’s Collector.

The late Mr. Kurz collected a single specimen of this on Rutland island (in the
Andaman group) many years ago, and he referred it in the Calcutta Herbarium to
Trichosanthes reniformis, Miq. He also suggested for it the name Trichosanthes
herpetospermum,—-a name which he never published. In 1890 several specimens of
the plant were collected near Port Mowat, on the South Andaman. Specimens of
this second gathering. as well as of Kurz’s original gathering, were sent by me to Mr.
C. B. Clarke who found that they closely resemble, and are probably identical with,
T. Hearni, an Australian species named by the late Baron von Miller, and of which
an imperfect description was published by Mr. Bentham in his Flora of Anstralia.
And to this species I now doubtfully refer both the Andaman gatherings.

3. ‘TRICHOSANTHES TRICUSPIDATA, Lour, Flor. Cochinchin. IT, 723.
Stem stout, sulcate, smooth, glabrous. Leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate-
sub-triangular, with from 3-5 stout triangular broad, acute or acumi-
nate, spreading lobes, tle base broadly cordate, the edges remctely and
minutely denticulate or subentire, glabrous on both surfaces; length |
and breadth 3-5 in.; petiole slender, 1-1‘5 in.; tendrils 3-fid. Maule
peduncles floriferous for half their length, longer than the leaves, stout,
glabrous or puberulous, 10-20 flowered; bracts thick, rigid, ovate-
lanceolate, caudate-acuminate, obscurely dentate or entire; calyx-tube
tapering to the base, shortly but densely tomentose, the lobes caudate-
lanceolate with a few irregular distant teeth; corolla 1:5 in. in diam.
Female flower from the same axil as the male peduncle, the tube 1°5 in,
long, the corolla °75 in. in diam. ; fruit ovoid when young, subglobular
and 2 in. in diam. when ripe, smooth, yellow with numerous small black
pustules, the pulp thick; the seeds in the very centre, broadly ovate,
compressed, ‘6 in. long and ‘4 in. broad. Blume Bijdr. 935; Ser. in
DC. Prodr. III, 315; Roem, Syn., fase. II, 95; Mig, Flor. Ind, Bat. i,
Pt. 1, 676; Cogniaux in DC. Mon. Phan. III, 374,

Pax ile ; Curtis 1947. Perak; Scortechini 376; King’s Collector
2202, 5111; Wray 4029.

372

tia a
Rist):

Materials for a Flora‘of the Malayan Peninsula. 29

This resembles T. palmata, Roxb. and T. Wallichiana, Wight; but the lobes of
the leaves are shallower and their surfaces more glabrous and not at all scabrid,
while the bracts of the male inflorescence are much narrower and very acuminate ;
and their edges, instead of being laciniate, are entire or at most obscurely dentate.

4, TRICHOSANTHES PALMATA, Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) p. 70.
Stem stout, angled and sulcate, glabrous, Leaves thickly membranous,
broadly ovate or orbicular in general outline, deeply cut down to
about the middle into 3-7 lobes; the lobes acute or acuminate, their
edges entire or denticulate, the base deeply but usually narrowly
cordate; upper surface more or less scabrous or scabrid, glabrous, glan-
dular near the apex of the petiole, the lower glabrous or somewhat
pubescent, length and breadth 2-6 in. ; petiole rather slender, 1 to 3 in.
long ; tendrils 2- or 3-fid. Male racemes sometimes in pairs, longer than
the leaves, few-flowered; bracts large, ovate to sub-orbicular, deeply
incised or simply serrate, glabrous or with viscid hairs; calyx-tube 1-5
in. long, tomentose or glabrous, the teeth lanceolate, the edges deeply
serrate or laciniate. Female flower solitary, on a peduncle less than
1 in. long ; fruit ovoid, pointed when young, globular when ripe, 1:5-2
in. in diam. T. palmata, Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 704; Wall. Cat. 6688
(excl. C, F); W. & A. Prodr. 350; Wight Ill. t. 104, 105; Dalz. & Gibs.
Bomb. Flor. 103. T. laciniosa, Wall. Cat. 6689 A,B. ’. aspera, Heyne
in Herb. Rottler. T. tricuspis, Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 679. 7.
cordata, Wall, Cat. 6686 (excl. Aand B). T. anquina, Wall. Cat. 6687
(F partly) ; Voigt Hort. Bot. Sub. 58. TT. bracteata, Kurz in Journ.
As. Soc. Beng. 1877, Pt. II, 99; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. III, 375.
T. pubera, Blume Bijdr. 936; Sip. in DC. Prodr. III, 315; Roem. Syn,
fasc. II, 95; Mig. Flor. ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 675. Cucur fee Melopepo,
Wall. Cat. 6725. Involucraria Wallichit, Seringe in DC. Prodr. III,
318. Bryonia palmata, Wall. Cat. 6711 F. :

Perak; Wray 2181, 2371, 2478, 3049; King’s Collector 1848, 4983,
10579, Awnpamans ; King’s Collector.

The fruit when ripe is usually globular ; but there are specimens in the Calcutta
Herbarium which have oval fruit like T. Wallichiana, Wight, and at the same time
the scabrid leaves and laciniate calyx lobes which are supposed to be characteristic
of this species.

o. TricdosantHes Watuicarana, Wight in Ann. and Mag. Nat.
Hist. VIII, 70. Stem robust, angled and sulcate, glabrous. Leaves
membranous, sub-orbicular in general outline, divided half-way down or
more into 3-5 oblong or triangular acute lobes ; the lobes sparsely denti-
culate, the lower on each side sometimes fobalatee the base deeply
and widely cordate; both surfaces glabrous and usually smooth, the
upper sometimes slightly scabrid and with a few glands near the apex
of the petiole; length and breadth 3-7 inches, tendrils 3-fid. Male

373

30 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

peduncles at first shorter than the leaves, elongating with age; bracts
oblong-ovate, their edges laciniate; calyx-tube glabrous, the teeth
spreading, entire; petals obovate, laciniate. Female flower solitary,
fruit ellipsoid, obtuse, smooth, 2-4 in. long. Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan,
III, 368. Involucraria Wallichiana, Ser. in Mem. Hist. Nat. Geneve III,
Pt. I, 25 t. 5; in DC. Prodr. III,,318; Roem. Syn. fase. 2, p. 98.
Trichosanthes multiloba, Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. IT, 607 (not of
Mig.). 1. grandibracteata, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, 98, 99.

Pawane; Ridley 244. Sincarore; Ridley 296, 446, 4762. Prnane ;
Curtis 2004. Prrax; Scortechint 508 and 600.

A species scarcely separable from T, pubera, Bl,, of which in my opinion it
would better be treated as a variety.

6. TrIcHOSANTHES Wawra@!, Cogn. in DC.° Mon. Phan. III, 384,
Stem slender, sub-glabrous, sulcate. Leaves membranous, trifoliolate
or simple; leaflets of the trifoliolate form unequal, the middle one
oblanceolate, the lateral ones angularly auriculate or lobulate at the
base on the outer side, the edges of all subentire or sparsely denticulate
and the apices much acuminate, all with slender petiolules -25—3
in, long; the lower surface reticulate when dry, glabrous, the upper
sparsely and minutely pustulate and glabrous ; ene of the leaflets
2-5-5 in., breadth °75-1:5 in., petiole 1:25-2 in.; the simple form
triangular-oblong, tapering gr agit to the apex, the base with 2 short
sub-horizontal lobules, length 2°5-5 in.; tendrils short, simple or bifid.
Male peduncles shorter than. the a very stout, sulcate, glabrous,
many-flowered ; bracts small, oblong, their edges with a few long teeth,
the flowers extending for half their length; calyx °5 in. long, narrowly
‘campanulate, suddenly contracted into the tube, the teeth erecto-
‘patent or recurved, lanceolate, acuminate, entire. Female flower with
cylindric tube slightly dilated at the apex, the teeth as in the male;
petals white, yellowish at the base, oblong, 3-nerved, the fimbriz long,
the external surface minutely papillose ; ovary, glabrous, ovoid-oblong ;
fruit subglobular when young, oblong when ripe, smooth, red with
orange or white stripes ; seeds compressed, oblong-ovoid, ‘6 in. long.

Perak; King’s Collector 2203, 4519, 4668, 5380, 5405, 10176.
Wray 2382; Scortechint. (Stycapore; Wawra 241 in Herb. Vindob.
fide Cogniaux.)

Cogniaux describes this as having its leaves always trifoliolate. But in some
of the Perak specimens both trifoliolate’ and simple leaves as above described are
to be found; in a few only simple leaves, and in the majority only trifoliolate.

7. TricHOsaNTtTHES CeLepica, Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. III, 385.
Stem slender, glabrous, sulcate, sometimes hairy at the nodes. Leaves

coriaceous, trifoliolate ; the leaflets unequal in size, the middle one
374

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula: al

the largest, ovate-oblong, shortly acuminate or sub-acute ; the base
slightly narrowed, oblique, not cordate, the edges quite entire; both
surfaces glabrous, minutely reticulate when dry, the upper minutely
punctate ; length of leaflets 3-4'5 in., breadth 1:5-2°5 in.; petiole 1-1°5.
in. long, stout; petiolules °15 in, ; bead short, bifid. Male peduncle.
shorter than or equal to the leaves, stont, deeply sulcate, adpressed-
pubescent, floriferous for half its lengtk; bracts deltoid, pectinate,
tawny glandular-tomentose. Calyx-tube narrowly infundibuliform,
minutely pubescent; the teeth lanceolate, acuminate, entire, erecto-
patent. Female flower unknown. Fruit ovate, smooth, 8 in. long.
and 3 or 4 in. in diam. with a leathery rind, bright red with 10 yellow
stripes when ripe; seeds obliquely oblong, compressed, smooth, ‘6 in.
Jong and °4 in. broad. ; :

Perak; Wray 2460; Scortechini; King’s Collector 4033. Srnea-
PORE; Lvdley 2051, 4592, 6783; Hullett 247. Disrris. Celebes, Beccari.

3. GYMNOPETALUM, Arn.

Twining herbs, tendrils usually simple or 2-fid. Leaves petioled,’
5-angular, nearly entire or deeply lobed, Flowers white (or yellow ?),
somewhat large; occasionally moncecious; male peduncles in fully
developed plants 2 from each axil, the earlier 1-flowered, the later
longer with racemes, either often suppressed; bracts on the racemes
persistent, large, lanceolate, incised or small ; females 1- flowered, usually
in separate axils. Male ealyx- -tube long, contracted near the mouth,
limb of 5 lanceolate segments ; petals 5, not fimbriate on the mar gin;
stamens 3; anthers included, connate, elongate, 1-2-celled, cells.
conduplicate ; rudiments of the ovary 1] or 3, small, linear. Female
calyx and corolla as in the male ; ovary oblong; style long, stigmas 3,
short linear; ovules horizontal, many ; placentas 3, long, vertical. Fruit
ovate-oblong, acute at both ends. Seeds many or few, ellipsoid, com-
pressed, margined, nearly smooth. Drsrars. Species 6 ; in India, China
aud Malaya. . é

’ Leaves not lobed... os a 1. G. integrifolium.
’ Leaves lobed :— — : | , ’
Leaves 3-5-lobed half way down, reniform to trian-
gular in general outline; lobes triangular acute, not

lobulate > we 2. G. Cochinchinensis.
Leaves deeply 5- lobed, the lobes tei ees

blunt, their general outline orbicular a iaty, Le ile quingueloculare.
1. GyMNOPETALUM INTEGRIFOLIUM, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng.
XL, 58. Creeping, only a few feet long; stem scabrid, tendrils simple
or bifid. Leaves reniform, obtuse; the margin undulate or denticulate,
not lobed; upper surface very Senay the lower softly tomentose,
ate.

‘

32 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

length 1°75-2 in., breadth *8—2°25 in., petiole ‘45-65 in. Flowers monce-
cious, all solitary, axillary and bracteate, the male peduncle 1°5 in. long,
the female only ‘25 in. Calyz-tube in both sexes elongate, densely
covered with long brown hairs; the teeth 5, lanceolate; corolla white,
about 1°35 in. in diam., its lobes obovate, entire, pubescent, veined.
Fruit about *75 in. in diam., globular, smooth, orange-red. Kurz in
Flora for 1871, p. 295; Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 612.
Cucumis integri folius, Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 724; Wall. Cat. 6730.
‘Trichosanthes officinalis, Wall. Cat, 6694. 1’. integrifolia, Kurz in Journ.
As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. II, 99; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. III, 386.

Perak ; Wray 2167; Ridley 3107.

Kurz named this Gymnopetaliwm integrifolium in the Journal of the Asiatic
Society of Bengal which was issued in March 1871. His publication of it in Flora
dates only from October of the same year.

2. GyMNOPETALUM COCHINCHINENSIS, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng.
XLVI, Pt. II, 57. Stems slender, angled, slightly scabrid-hairy. Leaves
reniform to triangular in outline, 5-angled or 3-5-lobed half way
down; the lobes triangular, acute, the edges crenate-dentate and
thickened, the base deeply and widely cordate, both surfaces more or
less scabrid, length 2 to 4 in., breadth 2 to 3°5 in.; petiole scabrid-
pubescent, 1-1°5 in. long; tendrils simple or bifid. Male peduncle
longer than the leaves, the flowers racemose, or sometimes solitary ;
bracts large, incised-serrate, ‘5—-"75 in. long; calyx-tube sub-cylindric,
villous, the mouth closed by deflexed hairs, the teeth erecto-patent ;
petals ovate-oblong, ‘5 in. long, entire or sub-crenate. Peduncle of
female flower shorter than the leaf-petiole, sparsely puberulous ; frat
about 2 in. long. and *75 in. in diam., somewhat scabrid, 10-ribbed,
orange-red, the beak long; seeds about ‘25 in. long. Kurz in Flora
for 1871, p. 295; Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 611; Cogn.
in DC. Mon. Phan. III, 391. Bryonia cochinchinensis, Lour. Flor.
Cochinch. 595; DC, Prodr. III, 505. Momédrdica tubsflora, Roxb.
Flor. Ind. III, 711, (not of Wallich). 'ripodanthera cochinchinensis
Roem. Synops. II, 48. Scotanthus tubiflorus, Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser.
4, XVI. 172, t. 3. Trichosanthes cucumerina, Wall. Cat. 6690 KH.
T.? Fatoa, Ham. in Wall. Cat. 6695. Bryonia grandis, Wall. Cat. 6700
K. L. Trichosanthes costata, Bl. Bijdr. 933; Ser. in DC. Prodr, III, 314.

Pawanc; Ridley 2446. Kepan ; Curtis 2592. Perak; King’s Col-
lector 10563. Drisrris. British India, Malayan Archipelago, China. -

3. GYMNOPETALUM QUINQUELOBUM, Miq. in Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I,
681. A slender annual; stem striate, with short pubescence or
glabrous. Leaves orbicular in general outline, deeply 5-lobed ; the lobes
sinuately 2- or 3-lobulate, or oblong and subentire; both surfaces
sparsely covered with thick whitish hairs with bulbous bases, length

376 .

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 33

1-5-2-25 in., breadth 1°75-3 in.; petiole ‘75-1 in., sparsely pubescent.
Male flowers usually solitary, rarely in racemes slightly longer than
the leaves, shortly pilose; the bracts oblong, serrate, ‘5 in. long. Calyz-
teeth erect, entire or dentate; petals oblong, acute, puberulous outside.
Peduncle of female flower ‘5-1 in. long. Fruit brilliant scarlet when
ripe, oblong-fusiform, acutely ribbed, shortly pubescent, 1-2 in.
long; seeds blackish, rugulose, obscurely marginate, narrowed to the
base, ‘2 in. long and about ‘1 in. broad. Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Brit.
Ind. IT, 611; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. III, 392. Scotanthus Porteanus,
Naud. im Ann. Sc, Nat. Ser. V, Vol. 5, 25. Gymnopetalum hetero-
phyllum, Kurz in Trim. Journ. Bot. for 1875, p. 326.
ANDAMAN AND Nicosar Isuanps; Kurz.

4, Lorra, Cav,

Climbers, large or small, pubescent or nearly glabrous; tendrils
2-5-fid. Leaves cordate, usually 5-angular or 5-lobed ; petiole without
glands at its apex, Flowers yellow or white, moncecious, males and
females often from the same axil; females solitary or panicled, males
on long or short racemes or clustered, MALg; calyx-tube turbinate,
lobes 5, triangular or lanceolate; petals 5, obovate; stamens 3, rarely
5, filaments 3, free or connate; anthers exserted, free, one l-celled, the
others 2-celled ; cells sigmoid, often on the margin of the broad con-
nective. FEMALE; calyx-tube shortly produced above the ovary; lobes
and corollaas in the male; ovary oblong, style cylindric, stigma 3-lobed ;
ovules very many, horizontal, Fruit large or small, oblong (not
spherical), smootl: or angular or spinous, ultimately fibrous, not succu-
_ lent, 3-celled, usually circumscissile near the apex. Seeds many, oblong,
compressed. Distris, Species 6, in the warmer regions of the Old
World and one in America. |

Lurra Adeyeriaca, Miller Gard. Dict. ed. VIII, ex Hook. fil. in
Oliv. Flor. Trop. Afr. Il, 530. Stem stout, many yards in length; the
young branches glabrous, angled and very deeply sulcate; tendrils
2-3-fid. Leaves large, reniform or reniform-orbicular in general outline,
palmately 5-lobed ; the lobes acute, lobulate and denticulate; both sur-.
faces scabrous or scaberulous, punctate, glabrous except the pubescent
nerves on the lower surface ; length 2°5-6 in., breadth 3-9 in., petiole 2-2°5,
in., pubescent, eglandular. Male pedunele 6 in. long; the flowers 4-12,
crowded. near the summit, 1’5-2 in. in diam., their pedicels short, each.
with a small ovate viscid bract, or ebracteate; petals 5, yellow with
green veins; stamens 5. Female flower solitary on a peduncle 1-3 ing
lang, usually from the same axil, as the male inflorescence; fruit 5-12,
in. long, suli-cylindzic, with numerena held ridges; seeds, aly Dee

7

34 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

narrowly winged, smooth or slightly tubercled. DC. Prodr. Ill, 303;
Clarke in Hook. fil, Flor. Brit, Ind. IJ, 614, Cucumis aegyptiacus, Vesl.
in Alp, Pl. Aegypt. p. 199, t. 58, 59. Momordica Luffa, Linn. Spec. ed. 1,
1009. I. pentandra, Roxb. Flor. Ind. IJ], 712; W. & A. Prodr. 343;
Wall. Cat. 6751; Wight Ic. t. 499. ZL. racemosu, Roxb. |. ¢. 715.
L. clavata, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 104; Flor. Ind. III], 714. ZL. acutangula,
W. & A. 1. ¢., (not of Roxb.). LD. cylindrica, Roem. Synops. II, 63;
Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 4, XII, p. 119; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc.
1877, Pt. TH, 100; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. ITI, 456. JL. Petola and
L. Cattu-picinna, Seringe in DC. 1.c. DZ. Parvalu, Wall. Cat. 6758.
I, Gosa, hederacea and Satpatia, Wall. Cat. 6753, 6755, 6757. Bryonia
cheirophylla, Wall. Cat. 6715 A.

Perak ; King’s Collector 1020, Distr1s. British India and in the
Tropics generally ; often cultivated.

The synonymy of this speciés occupies more than a page in Cogniaux’s excellent
Monograph of the Cucurbitacez in De Candolle’s Suites aw Prodromus, Vol. I11. I have
followed Messrs. Cogniaux and C. B. Clarke in reducing here Roxburgh’s three species
L. pentandra, L, racemosa and L. clavata, but I do so with considerable hesitation.
Neither in flower nor leaf do Roxburgh’s figures of his L. clavata and L. pentandra
much resemble each other, whatever relation either of them may bear to M. Aegup-
tiaca, Miller. The material of the Indian species in the Calcutta Herbarium is very
unsatisfactory, and I do not think the last word on them will be said until they have
been carefully cultivated side by side, and studied as they grow.

5. Benincasa, Savi.

A large climber, softly hairy, tendrils 2- or 3-fid, rarely simple.
Leaves cordate, reniform-orbicular, more or less 5-lobed ; petiole without
glands. Flowers large, yellow, moncecious, all solitary, without bracts.
Mate; calyx-tube campanulate; lobes 5, leaf-like, serrate; petals 5,
nearly separate, obovate; stamens 3, inserted near the mouth of the
tube; anthers exserted, free, one l-celled, two 2-celled, cells sigmoid.
Femae ; calyx and corollaas inthe male; ovary oblong, densely hairy ;
style thick, with 3 flexuose stigmas; ovules numerous, horizontal ;
placentas 3. Fruit large, fleshy, oblong, pubescent, indehiscent. Seeds
many, oblong, compressed, margined. Jy

Benincasa HIspipa, Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. III, 513. Annual.
Leaves on lony petioles, reniform-rotund; with 5-9 small lobes, all
toothed, 4-6 in, long and about the same in breadth ; petioles cylindric,
longer than the leaves, tendrils usually 3-fid. Male flowers axillary,
solitary, peduncled, yellow, 1°5 in. in diam.; teeth of the ealyx ob-
tusely pinnatifid or undulate. Female flowers like the male, axillary,
solitary, peduncled; calyx as in the male. Fruit sub-cylindric, obtuse
at-the ends, smooth, hairy when young but-glabrous‘and with a whitish |

378

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 35

bloom when ripe, 12-18 in. long and from 8-10 in. in diam. Seeds white
with tumid margins, °5 in. long and ‘16 in. broad. Cucurbita hispida,
Thunb. Flor. Jap. (1784), p. 322; Bl. Bijdr. 931; Wall. Cat. 6723.
C. Pepo, Lour, Flor. Coch.-Chin. p. 593; Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 718 (not
of Linn.). Benincasa cerifera, Savi in Bibl. Ital. IX, 159; DC. Prodr.
III, 303; W. et Arn. Prodr. 344; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 665’;
Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 616. Cucurbita villosa, Bl. Bijdr.
931; DC. Prodr. ILI, 317. C. farinosa, Bl. Bijdr. 931. Cucurbita alba,
Roxb. in E. Ind. Comp. Mus., tab. 457 (ex W. et Arn.). Gymnopetalum
septemlobum, Miq. Flor, Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 679. Lagenaria dasystemon,
Franch. et Sav. Enum, Pl. Jap. IJ, 173.

Nicopar anp ANDAMAN IsLanps; cultivated, King’s Collectors. Dts-
rris.—Malayan Archipelago, Australasia, China, Philippines, British
India ; cultivated.

6. Momornpica, Linn.

Climbing by simple tendrils. Leaves cordate, petioled, undivided
in the Indian species. Flowers yellow or white, moncecious or dicecious,
females solitary, peduncled ; males solitary or racemed, bracteate or not.
Mave; calyx-tube short, campanulate with 2-3 basal oblong incurved
scales (ex Hook. f.) lobes 5; corolla 5-partite nearly to the base; stamens
3; filaments short; anthers at length free, one l-celled, one or two
2-celled, cells conduplicate or horse-shoe-shaped. FemaLe; calyx and
corolla as in the male; ovary oblong; style long, hema 3; ovules
very many; placentas 3, horizontal. Fruit oblong or spherical, soul or
smooth, indehiscent or 3-valved, many- or few-seeded. Seeds obovate or
complanate, smooth, corrugate or sculptured. Dzisrris.—Species 25,
chiefly in the warmer parts of Africa, several in Tropical Asia, a few
in Tropical America.

Leaves entire :—

Male pedicels ebracteate ... .. 1. M. Clarkeana.

Male pedicels with a bract close to the ames .. 2 M, subangulata.
Leaves 3-lobed, the lobules entire sf .. o& M. Cochinchinensis.
Leaves 5-7-lobed, the lobules sinuate-dentate or lobu-

late . iki Yau bed 4. M. Charantia,

1. iaeaiciaaties CLarKgANa, n. spec, King. iia slender, 4-angled,
glabrous, 20-30 feet long. Leaves thinly befor ena broadly ovate,
never lobed, acute, the base deeply cordate or emarginate, both surfaces
quite glabrous; length 3-6 in., breadth 3-4 in. ; petiole 1°5-2 in., slender,
eglandular. Alale flowers ‘75 in. in diam., on filiform pedicels several
form a leaf-axil, or in few-flowered lax racemes; calyx-lobes puberulous,
broad, obtuse, their margins membranous and glabrous; corolla deeply
divided into 5 broad blunt lobes, puberulous. Female flower unknown:

36 | Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Fruit vermillion when ripe, sub-globular, apiculate when young
glabrous; without ridges or papille, 2-2°5 in. in diam.; seeds as in
BM. Cochinehinensis.

Perak ; Scortechini 1605 ; King’s Collector 8340 ; Wray 3273.

This species is allied to M. Cochinchinensis and has seeds exactly alike those of
that species. But the leaves of this are of thinner texture than those of M. Cochin-
chinensis, and they are not lobed; moreover the petiole in this is eglandular, and the
frnit is quite free from ridges or papille of any kind. I have named it in honour
of my friend Mr. C.B. Clarke who believes with me that it is a hitherto undescribed
species.

2. Momorpica suBANGuLATA, Blume Bijdr. 928. Stem slender,
glabrous, angled, sulcate, several feet lony; tendrils single. Leaves
broadly ovate, deeply cordate at the base, the apex acute, the edges
with remote cartilaginous teeth; upper surface glabrous, the lower
with sparse small adpressed hairs ; length 1°75—-2:25 in., breadth 125-
1:65 in.; petiole 1 in. long, glabrous, eglandular. Male peduncle
‘5-1 in. long, pubescent; the bract close to the flower broader than
long, its apex obtuse, its base cordate, minutely pubescent, the veins
prominent; flower nearly 1 in. in diam.; calyx deep purple; its lobes
oblong, obtuse, glandular, nearly ‘2 in. long; corolla yellow, partite
to the base, the segments oblong. Female flower unknown; fruit
ellipsoid, 2-3 in. long, obscurely ribbed, the ribs broken into joints.
Ser. in DC. Prodr. III, 316; Roem. Syn. fase. 2, p. 58; Mig. in Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1,664; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. II,
102; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. III, 443.

Perak ; Scortechini 399. Distris. Java, Brit. India.

3. Momorpica Cocain-Cuinensis, Spreng. Syst. Veg. III, 14.
A powerful climber ascending tall trees; stem angled, glabrous. Leaves
in general outline sub-orbicular or broadly ovate, the base cordate or
emarginate, usually 3-lobed to the middle or below it (sometimes 5-
lobed), the margins with sparse umbilicate glands, both surfaces
glabrons, length 4-7 in., breadth nearly the same; petiole 2-3 in. long,
glandular at the middle and upper part; tendrils long, stout, simple.
Male peduncle 2-6 in. long with an orbicular-reniform cucullate bract
at its apex embracing the flower-bud ; calyx-segments dark, coriaceous,
hairy ; corolla 175-3 in. across, white tinged with yellowish, some of
the petals with black spots at the base, others with yellow glands.
Female peduncle 1-2 in. long, (longer in fruit), with a small bract
about the middle. Fruit ovate, pointed at the apex, fleshy, bright red
and covered with conical points but not ribbed; 4-5 in. long; seeds
numerous, blackish, ovate, compressed, sculptured, the margins undulate-
sub-lobulate, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2,102; Clarke ©
in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 618; Cogu. in DC. Mon. Phan, III, 444.

380 ,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula 37

M. mixta, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 70; Flor. Ind. III, 709; Wight & Arn,
Prodr. 349; Roem. Syn., fasc. 2,59; Hook, in Bot. Mag. t. 5145; Mig.
Flor. Ind. Bat. 1, Pt. 1, 664; Naud. in Ann, Se. Nat. Ser. 4, XII, 182.
M. dioica, Wall. Cat. (not of Roxb.) 6750, Ato F. Muricia Cochin-
chinensis, Lour. Flor. Coch.-Chin. 733; Ser. in DC, Prodr. III, 318.

Perak; Scortechini, King’s Collector, Wray; a common plant.
Distris.—British India, Malaya, Philippines.

4, Momorpica Cuarantta, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. I, p. 1009. Stem
slender, branching, striate, pubescent, sometimes tomentose towards
the apex, 3-6 feet long. Leaves reniform-orbicular in general outline,
J-3 in. in diam., deeply divided into 5-7 lobes ; the lobes sinuate-dentate
or lobulate and mucronate, constricted at the base, glabrous or slightly
pubescent; petiole 1-3 in.; the tendrils simple. Male peduncle slender,
with a reniform or orbicular bract at or below the middle. Male flower
*35—75 in. in diam.; the calyx-lobes ovate, acute; corolla somewhat
irregular, yellow, its segments obtuse or emarginate, anther cells much
bent. Female peduncle 2-4 in. long, slender, bracteate near the base ;
ovary fusiform, muricate. Fruzt 1-3 in. long, ovoid, tapering to both
ends, mauy-ribbed and bearing numerous triangular tubercles. Seeds
compressed, sometimes almost 3-toothed, the margins corrugated, the
sides sculptured. Lour. Flor. Cochchin. IT, p. 598; Bot. Mag. t. 2455;
Ser. in DC. Prodr. III, 311; Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 707; Wight and
Arn. Prodr. 348 ; Torr. and Gray Flor. N. Amer. I, 543; Wight Ic.
tab. 504; Wight Ill. t. 105 bes; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 663; Cogn.
in Mart. Flor. Bras., fasc. 78, p. 14; Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind.
II, 616. Cogn. in DC, Mon. Phan. III, 436. M. muricata, Willd. Spec.
IV, 602; Roxb. Flor, Ind. III, 707; W.& A. -Prodr. 348; Mig. Flor,
Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 663. M. humilis, Wall. Cat. 6747. I. anthelmintica,
Schum. et Thou. Flor. Guin. 423. M. Roxburghiana, Don Gen. Syst.
Gard. III, 35. M. macropetala, Mart. in Hook. Journ. Bot. V, 504.

Perak; Scortechint. Disrris. Malayan Archipelago, British India,
China, Tropical Africa and America.

7. Mexrotureia, Linn.

Climbing herbs ; tendrils simple or 2-fid. Leaves petioled, deltoid,
truncate or hastate, entire or deeply 3-lobed, little hairy, often punctate.
Flowers small, white, usually moncecious, males and females often from
the same axil ; male pedicels long, clustered (rarely sub-solitary) in the —
axils, or clustered on long racemes resembling branches without leaves ;
female long-pedicelled. Male; calyx-tube short, teeth 5, small; corolla
5-partite ; stamens 3, inserted in the middle of the calyx-tube; anthers
free, one 1-celled, two 2-celled ; cells free, straight, simple, PIO, oe less

38 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

lateral; connective prolonged, undivided, glabrous. Female calyx and
corolla as in the male; ovary oblong, style,long ; stigmas 3, subglobose ;
ovules many, horizontal; placentas 3, vertical. Fruit indehiscent,
globose, acute or fusiform, subrostrate. Seeds many, small, oblong,
much compressed, obscurely margined, smooth or very nearly so. WDis-
TRIB.’ Species about 55, all tropical. .

Fruit not beaked :—

Fruit globular, glabrous ee mes . lL. M. affinis.

Fruit oblong, glabrous a = .. 2, - M. indica.
Fruit beaked :—

Fruit fusiform, beaked, velvety ... an -. 3 M. marginata,

1. MeLoruRiA AFFINIS, n. spec. King. Scandent; the stem slender,
glabrous, 4-angled and deeply sulcate, not rooting at the nodes; the
tendrils rather stout, bifid. Leaves ovate-cordate to triangular, often
3-5-lobed, the edges denticulate ; upper surface densely scabrid-lispid,
the hairs white; the lower paler and with hairs of the same colour
but sparser and more slender ; length 1:35-4:26 in., breadth 1-5-3:25 in.,
petiole “5-1 in. Male and female flowers often from the same axil;
the males in many-flowered umbels on pedicels twice as long as the
leaf-petioles, pubescent below, glabrous above ; pedicels about 20, slender,
unequal, dilated at the apex, glabrous, ‘25-35 in. long. Flowers °1 in.
in diam., globose, pubescent, with 5 slender short diverging subulate
teeth below the mouth. Petals not seen; anthers 3, straight, the conne-
tive not produced. Pedicel of the fruit shorter and stouter than the
peduncle of the male umbel, glabrous. Fruit globose, glabrous, thin-
walled, many- -seeded, red when ripe, ‘45 in, in diam. ; seeds obovoid,
‘ pitted, somewhat compressed, pale.

Perak ; Scortechini 495; Wray 860, 1404; Curtis ; King’s Collector
1069, 2539. Borneo ; BAnguamassine ; Motley 167.

Mr. C. B. Clarke, who was so good as to examine my Specimens of this eae
and to compare them for me at Kew, assures me that the Perak specimens agree
exactly with Motley’s 167. Mr. Clarke considers the species as closely allied to
M. marginata, Cogn. from which it differs by its globular glabrous fruit.

9. Mexoruria inpica, Lour. Flor. Coch. China, 35. Stem slender,
filiform, glabrous, 3-6 feet long, often rooting at the nodes, the tendrils
simple. Leaves triangular-cordate, acute, entire or 3-lobed (sometimes
deeply); the nerves somewhat hairy, otherwise glabrous, the lobes
irregularly denticulate or lobulate; length 1°25-2 in. and breadth the
same, petiole “6-1 in. Male pedicels solitary or in racemes of 20r3on
peduncles 1 in. long; calyx-tube broadly campanulate, its teeth subn-
late, spreading ; corolla white, puberulous, its segmeuts ovate-oblong.
Stamens with thick obconic filaments, glabrous or sparsely villose;
unthers ovate-oblong, ciliate, the connective much produced: Peduncle

332

Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula. 39

of female flower solitary, longer that the leaf-petiole. Fruit oblong,
glabrons, white, ‘5-75 in. long. Seeds ovate, attenuate at the base.
-Ser. in DC. Prodr. III, 313; Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat., Ser. 4, XVI, 169
t.2; Hance Suppl, Hongkong Flora, 104; Kurz in Journ, As. Soc.
Beng. XLVI, Pt. II, 105; Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor, Br. Ind. IT, 626.
_ Bryonia geminata, Blume Baa. 924; Ser. in DC. Prodr. ILI, 305;
Roem. Syn., fase. II, 35; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat, I, Pt. I, 659. B. tenella,
Roxb. Flor. Ind. III, 725. Aechmandra indica, Arn. in Hook. Journ.
Bot. ILI, 274; Wight in Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. VIII, 267; Mig.
Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 658.

Se.ancore; King’s Collector 360. Distris. British India, Cochin-
China, Philippines, Hongkong. )
_ * 3. Mecornria mMarginata, Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. III. 593.
Stem creeping, rooting at the nodes, angular, sulcate, glabrous; the
tendrils slender, simple, puberulous. Leaves ovate-cordate or more or
less 3-lobed, acute; the edges minutely and distantly denticulate ;
the upper surface coarsely and distinctly and the lower minutely and
more closely strigose, the nerves on both pubescent; length 1-1:25 in.,
breadth 1-1°75 in. ; petiole °75—-1'5 in., tomentose. Male flowers umbellate
on a filiform few-flowered peduncle shorter than the petiole, glabrous ;
the pedicels erect, ‘2-3 in. long; the calyx broadly campanulate, pubes-
cent, its teeth subulate. Petals villose, yellow ; anthers glabrous, in-
appendiculate. Memale flower solitary on a peduncle ‘5 in. long. Fruit
narrowly cylindric, beaked, tapering to the base, velvety, *75 in. long,
its peduncle filiform; seeds 6-8, foveolate. Bryonia marginata, Blume
Bijdr. 924; Ser.in DC. Prodr. III, 305; Roem. Syn., fase. II, p. 36;
Mig. Flor, Ind. Bat. I, Pt. II, 660. B. epigea, Blume Bijdr. 924; Ser. in
DC. Prodr. III, 306, Aechmandra Blumeana, Roem. Syn. fase. IL, p- 33 ;
Migq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Ps. II, 657. Melothria Rumphiana, Scheff. Anis
Jard. Bot. Buitenz. I, 25. Cerasiocarpum ? Maingayi, Clarke in Hook.
fil. Flor. Br. Ind. III, 629.

Matacca ; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 1268. Perak; King’s Collector
874. Disrris. Java and Sumatra. _ .
men's heterophylla, Cogn. in DC, Mon. Phan. III, 594. Leaves quite
entire, ovate-cordate or oblong-sub-hastate, scabrous above, almost smooth
beneath but hairy on the nerves. Bryonia heterophylla, Blume Bijdr.
925; Wall. Cat. 6704; Roem. Syn., fase. II, 35. B. Blumei, Ser. in DC.
Prodi III, 305; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 659. Cerasiocarpum ?
penangense, Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. III, 629,
Penang; Wallich ; Curtis 1928. Dusrrts. Java.

NOTE.
There are in the Calcutta Herbarium specimens of several species of Melothria

383 -

40 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

which Mr. C. B. Clarke, (who elaborated the family of Cucurbitacee for Hooker’s
Flora of British India, and who kindly compared my Malayan material in the Kew
Herbarium) considers as probably new. But, as these want either flowers or fruit,
I am obliged to leave them undescribed. The chief amongst these are Perak, Wray
2228 and 8416; and Andamans, King’s Collector 2200.

8. Gyynostemma, Blume.

Climbing herbs, tendrils simple. Leaves pedate ; leaflets 3-5, ovate-
lanceolate, serrate, membranous. Flowers small, dicecious, in axillary
diffuse panicles, greenish. Male flower ; catyx short, with 5 small lobes ;
corolla rotate, 5-partite, with lanceolate segments; stamens 54, filaments
connate below; anthers 2-celled, the cells straight and elongate.
Female flower, calyx and corolla asin the male; ovary rotund, 2-3-c€lled ;
styles 2 or 3, united below, bifid at the apex; ovules 2 in each cell,
pendulous, Fruit globose, umbonate, indehiscent, as large as a pea,
1-3-seeded. Seeds wingless, verrucose, sub-muricate. Species 4; all
Indo-Malayan.

GynostemMA PEDATA, Blume Bijdr. 23. Slender, 10-20 feet long;
young branches and leaves puberulous or glabrous, rarely pubescent.
Leaves membranous, trifoliolate or pedate, the petioles 1-1‘5 in. long;
leaflets 3-7, ovate-oblong, lanceolate or oblanceolate, unequal, the
middle the longest, their apices acute or sub-acute, the bases narrowed
and sometimes oblique, the edges crenulate or crenate-dentate; length
°75-2'5 in., breadth ‘4-1 in., the petiolules ‘1-2 iu. Panicles longer
than the leaves, 3-6 in. or even a foot long, slender, sparsely branched,
more or less coarsely pubescent. Calya-segments triangular, acute ;
segments of corolla l-nerved, ciliate-dentate. Fruit *15 m. in diam.
Seeds trigonous. Roem. Syn., fasc, II, p. 110; Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. J,
Pt. I, 683; Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 633; Cogn. in DC.
Mon. Phan. III, 913. G@. Taxa, Cogn. Mon. Phan. IIT, 914; Zanonia
laxa, Wall, Cat. 3727; Pl. As. Rar. IJ, 29; Arn. in Hook. Journ.
Bot. III, 272 (in note). Zanonia cissoides, Wall. Cat. 3726; PI. As. Rar.
Il, 28. L. Wightiana, Arn. Pugill. 38; Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 18, Pt.
I, 356; Roem. Syn., fase. II,117. Alsomitra laxa, Roem. Syn., fase. II,
118. Pestolozzia laxa, Thw. Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 124. P. pedata, Zoll. et
Moritz. Syst. Verz. p. 31. Alsomitra cissoides, Roem. Syn., fase. II, 118.
Enkylia trigyna, Griff. Pl. Cantor. 27; Mig. Prol. Flor. Jap., pp. 15 and
142. E. digyna, Griff. Pl. Cantor. 27. Zanonia pedata, Mig. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 683. Gynostemma cissoides, Franch. et Sav. Enum.
Pl. Jap. I, 176. Vétis atroviridis, Wall. Cat. 6040; Vetis trichophora,
Wall. Cat. 9032.

Perak; King’s Collector 2306. Disrris. Malayan Archipelago,

British India and Tonkin, _ eee:

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 41

This plant varies as to the number of its leaflets in its leaves and as to pubes-
wence. The pedate forms with 5-7-puberulous leaflets have been by some authors
(among whom is M. Cogniaux, the latest monographer of the Cucurbitacez) con-
sidered as belonging to a different species from the plants with trifoliolate glabrous
shining leaves; and the latter has been named G. lara. After carefully examining
about a hundred specimens collected in different parts of British India and
Malaya, I find so many that unite to some extent the characters relied upon as
distinctive that I have been driven, with all respect to M. Cogniaux, to adopt Mr.
Clarke’s view that there is but a single species.

rat

9, Zanonta, Linn.

Climbing herbs; tendrils simple. Leaves long-petioled, simple,
ovate or oblong. Flowers small, dicecious, in large compound pendulous
racemes, males pedicelled, females subsessile. Male; sepals 3, oblong
or‘orbicular, concave ; corolla rotate, 5-partite, the segments subacute ;
stamens 5, free, inserted on a fleshy disc, filaments very short; anthers
1-celled, transversely oblong. Female; calyx and corolla as in the male ;
ovary sub-clavate, at first 3-celled ; styles 3, spreading, 2-fid at the apex ;
ovules in each cell 2 or many, pendulous, attached in 2 series to a fleshy
parietal placenta. Capsule large, elongate-cylindric, clavate, 3-valved
at the truncate apex. Seeds large, oblong, pendulous, compressed, sur-
rounded by a large membranous wing. Disrris. Species3; British India,
Malaya.

Leaves ovate-oblong ; fruit 2°5 in. long jas .. L. Z. indiea.
Leaves ovate-rotund ; fruit 5-8 in. long vids w- 2 JZ. Clarkei.

1. Zanonta invica, Linn. Spec. Pl. ed. IT, 1457. Slender, climbing
to the extent of 30-50 feet, glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, ovate-oblong,
acute; the base 3-nerved, rounded or somewhat emarginate; main
nerves 6-8 pairs, curved, spreading, prominent beneath; length 3°5-6
in., breadth 2-3'5 in., petiole 65-8 in. Fruit cylindric-campanulate,
glabrous, the apex truncate, 2°5 in. long; seeds flat, thin, 1-5-1°75 in.
long ; the nucleus-oval, only “6 in. long, the rest being wing. Blume
Bijdr. 937; Ser. in DC. Prodr, III, 298; Roem. Syn. fase. II, 117;
Wight and fees, Prodr. 340; Wight Ill. t. 103 ; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I,
Pt. I, 682 ; Thwaites’ Enum. Pl. Zey. 124, 442 ; Clarke in Hook, fil. Flor.
Br. Ind. IL, 633 ; Trimen Flora Ceylon II, 261. -

Perak ; King’s Collector 7198, 7362.

2, sont. CLARKEI, n. spec. King. Slender, 60-80 feet long,
glabrous, the young branches deeply grooved, Leaves coriaceous, ovate-
rotund, acute; the base broad, emarginate or slightly cordate, with 5-7
nerves radiating from the apex of the petiole (the lateral one on each
side small) ; length 2°5-3°5 in., breadth 2-5-3 in., petiole 75 in., tendrils
bifid. Flowers unknown. Fruit ovoid-cylindric, smooth, 5-8 in. long,

hs: 385

42 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

and 3 im. in diam. Seeds flattened, about *l in. thick, ovate, with 6
unequal deep narrow marginal lobes (those at the ends being the
longest), the seed proper or nucleus papillose, 1 in. long and *75 in.

broad, surrounded on all sides by a thin membranous wing nearly J in,
wide.
Perak ; King’s Collector 7230.

This fine species is known only from a single. gathering of six specimens, none
of which bears a flower. My friend Mr. C. B. Clarke, F.R.S., who was so kind
as to compare for me at Kew the whole of my Malayan Cucurbits, notes on this as
follows: “This is either a new Zanonia near Z. indica, Linn., or a new Alsomitra
near A. Oapricornica, F. Miill_—I think a Zanonia, whether the sepals turn out to be
5 or not. The 2-fid cirrhi may do for either genus. . The spinose-margined seeds are
not like those of Zanonia; but the ovoid, or sub-globose fruit is like nothing out
of section Macrozanonia, Cogu. I call it Zanonia, n. spec.”

10. Atsomirra, Bth. & Hk. f.

Large climbers; tendrils simple or 2-fid. Leaves with 3 oblong
entire leaflets. Flowers small, dicecious, white, in compound panicles
with filiform branches. Male; calyx rotate, 5-partite, segments oblong,
acute; corolla rotate, 5-partite, segments obtuse; stamens 5, filaments
short, near together at the base; anthers small, oblong, straight, 1-
celled. Female; calyx and corolla as in the male; ovary elongate-
clavate, 1-celled ; styles 3-4, conical, with semi-lunate stigmas; ovules
very many, pendulous ; placentas 3, thick, vertical, parietal. Capsule
large, elongate-clavate, truncate and 3-valved at the apex. Seeds very
many, compressed, vertical, in six rows, much corrugated, incised or
horned on the margin with a terminal membranous wing longer than
the seed. Duisrris. Species 9; British India, Malaya, North Aus-
tralia, S. America.

ALSOMITRA CLAVIGERA, Roem. Syn. fase. II, p. 118. A slender
glabrous climber. Leaflets fleshy, the middle the largest, oblong or
oblong-lanceolate, the apex obtuse, the base narrowed; the edges entire,
subsessile, eglandular, length 1'5-3 in., breadth *65-lin, Panicles
slender, twice as long as the leaves, longer in fruit, Capsule smooth,
1:25-1'5 in. long and ‘4 in, broad, Seeds dark, einereous, shortly
muricate. Cogniaux in DC. Mon. Phan. III, 927; Hook. fil. in Bot.
Mag. t. 6017; Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br, Ind. II, 634. Zanonia
sarcophylla, Wall. Cat. 3724; Pl. As. Rar. IT, 28, t. 133.

Kevan ; Ourtis 2504.

Ordered LVI. ARALIACEA,

Trees or shrubs, very rarely herbs, often scandent, sometimes
prickly. Leaves alternate, the uppermost rarely sub-opposite, long-

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 43

petioled, large, simple or compound; stipules adnate to the petiole,
sometimes inconspicuous or 0. Flowers regular, small, often polygamous,
in umbels racemes or umbellate panicles; bracts and bracteoles small
or conspicuous; pedicels continuous with the base of the calyx or
jointed. Calyx-twbe adnate to the ovary; limb truncate, obsolete or
with small teeth. Petals 5, rarely 6-7 or many, valvate or sub-imbricate,
expanding or calyptrate. Stamens as many as and alternate with the
petals (very many in Tupidanthus), mserted round an epigynous dise.
Ovary inferior, 2-celled, or cells as many as the stamens, or l-celled ;
styles as many as the cells, distinct er united; ovules solitary and
pendulous in each cell. Frwit coriaceous or drupaceous, usually small,
one or more cells sometimes suppressed. Seed pendulous, albumen
uniform or ruminate; embryo minute, radicle next the hilum. Dursrrrp.
Species 400, chiefly tropical and subtropical, a few in the cool temperate
zones,
Petals imbricate (slightly); pedicels of flowers
jointed :—
Styles 2-5, free; leaves compound Be
Styles 3 or 4, free; leaves simple, entire, lobed or
pinnatifid ; ovary 1-celled * .. 2. ARALIDIUM.
Petals valvate ; stamens not exceeding I2 :—
Albumen uniform, ovary 4-12-celled, pedicels continu-.
ous with the flower; leaves simple or digitately com-
pound :—
Fruit boldly ridged, never more than ‘3 in. long;
leaves usually compound .., ie we. 8. HEPTAPLEURUM:
Fruit succulent, oveid-rotund, *5 in. in diam. ; leaves
simple, large, rotund-reniform, lobed » 4. ‘TREVESIA,
Fruit succulent, ‘din. in diam., obscurely ridged ;
leaves simple, entire (palmately lobed in young

1. ARALIA.

shoots) ina as ove ee 5. DENDROPANAX.
‘Albumen ruminate:—
Ovary 1-celled :—
Ovary \1-ovulate, leaves. compound ... ». 6. ARTHROPHYLLUM,.
Ovary with 2 ovules; fruit 2-celled, 2-seeded,
leaves simple wile tae es. J WARDENIA.

Ovary 2-celled, pedicels continuous :—
Style distinct ; leaves pinnately decompound ... 8 HETEROPANAX.
Styles combined; leaves digitate, palmate or

angled coe ox Es .» 9, BRASSAIOPsIS..
Ovary 4- or 5-celled, pedicels:jointed ... -» 1O. Hereropsis.
Petals valvate; stamens 30-50 = we LL. Tupipanrausy.

1. Aratra, Linn.

Herbs, shrubs or small trees, glabrous, hairy or prickly. Leaves
alternate or whorled, digitate, pinnate or compound-pinnate ; leaflets
an

44, : Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

serrate or nearly entire; bracts and stipules not prominent. Umbels
solitary or in racemes or panicles, rarely in compound umbels; pedicels
usually jointed close under the flower. Flowers often polygamo-mone-
cions. Calya with its margin truncate or 5-toothed. Petals 5, ovate,
imbricate in bud. Stamens 5. Ovary 2-5-celled; styles 2-5, free or
shortly connate at base. Fruit 4-5-celled, 4-5-angular, or subglobose,
2-3-celled. Albwmen uniform. Dustris. Species about 50 ; extending
from India and Malaya to Japan and North America.

Leaflets entire or minutely serrulate, densely ferrugineous- |

tomentose on the lower surface oe . 1. <A, Thomsoni.
Leaflets coarsely and somewhat unequally sertiin the lower

surface with scattered flexuose white hairs eee -. 2, A. armata.
Leaflets obscurely undulate-serrate, quite a on both

surfaces, the lower sub-glaucous_.... se gna. ©, pO) gp cee

1. AratiA THomsont, Seem. Rev. Hed. 91. A large prickly shrub,
all parts more or less softly pubescent or tomentose. Stem slender,
the prickles remote. Leaves large, 2-3-pinnate ; leaflets thickly membra-
nous, 5-9 in each ultimate pinnule, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, the
base rounded and somewhat oblique; the petiolules of all except the
terminal very short (usually Jess than ‘1 in. long), that of the terminal
leaflet ‘5 in. or upwards, the edges entire or minutely serrulate; upper
surface sparsely strigose, the nerves and midrib pubescent ; the lower
softly tomentose ; length 2°5-3'5 in., breadth 1-1°75 in. Panicles 15-20
in. long, with short sub-horizontal branches; the ultimate branches
umbellate ; the bracts narrowly lanceolate, ‘25 in long. Fruit ‘15 in.
long, somewhat wrinkled, glabrous, the ridges broad. Clarke in Hook.
fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 723.

Panane; Ridley 2450. Prenana; King’s Collector 1574; Curtis
462. PrraKx; King’s Collector 7807, 8704, 10045.

2. ARALIA ARMATA, Seem. Rev. Hed. 91. A prickly shrub; stem
slender, almost glabrous except the puberulous young parts. Leaves
very large, 3-pinnate, the rachises puberulous ; leaflets thinly mem-
branous, 9-11 in each ultimate pinnule, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,
the edges coarsely and somewhat nuequally serrate; the base rounded,
slightly oblique or sub-cordate ; sessile except the terminal one; petiolule
of’ the terminal leaflet under 1 inch ; length of leaflets 3-5 in., breadth
15-2 in.; upper surface with a few sparse adpressed hairs, otherwise
glabrous ; lower with scattered white flexuose hairs especially on the
nerves and midrib. Panicle 15-18 in. long, pubescent in its ultimate
3-fid branches, the lower part glabrous, ultimate branchlets umbellate ;
the pedicels slender ‘3-4 in. long, tomentose. Fruit nearly ‘2 in. long,
glabrous; the ridges broad, fat. Kurz For. Flora Burma, I, 036;

388.

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 45:

Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 723. Panaz armatum, Wall.
Cat. 4933; G. Don. Gen. Syst. ITI, 386.

Kepau; Curtis 2526. Distris. British India; in Burma, the Khasia
Hills and on the lower slopes of the Eastern Himalaya.

3. ARaLIA FeROX, Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 750. A lax spread-
ing glabrous shrub, often scandent to 20 or 30 feet ; the stems, branches,
rachises of the leaves and inflorescence bearing numerous short recurved
spines. Leaves 2-3-pinnate, the pinne 3 or 4 pairs; leaflets sub-
coriaceous, 3-5 in a pinna, the pairs opposite, ovate, acute, the bases
rounded, the edges obscurely undulate-serrate ; both surfaces glabrous,
the upper shining when dry, the lower sub-glaucous ; length 1-2 in.,
breadth *75-1 in. ; petiolules unequal, the lateral ‘15-3 in., the terminal
*5—65 in. long. Panicle terminal, 8-15 in. long and 6 in. across,
with numerous slightly compressed horizontal branches, themselves
branching and ultimately ending in numerous peduncled umbels of
10-15 long-pedicelled oblong flowers ‘1 in. long; the pedicels slender,
*3-5 in. long. Calya-tube campanulate, 10-ridged, the limb with 5
small triangular acute teeth. Petals ovate. Fruit ovate-globose,
boldly 5-ridged, rather more than ‘1 in. long.

Perak ; Scortechint 142, 501; King’s Collector 1037, 4434, 5089,
8438, 10568 ; Wray 2155.

2. Aratipium, Miq.

Leaves large, simple, usually deeply lobed or pinnatifid, glabrous.
Flowers male or hermaphrodite, in large compound panicles, minute.
Calyzx-teeth triangular, spreading, the tube campanulate. Petals 5,
imbricate. Stamens 5. Ovary usually 3-celled, two of the cells soon
aborting. Styles distinct, subulate. Fruit obliquely ovoid, drupaceous,

1 inch or more in length, 1-seeded ; the seed solitary, rugose, pendulous,
vertically sulcate ; albumen very copious, coarsely ruminate, penetrated
by outgrowing folds from the funicle; embryo small. Disrris; two
species, both Malayan. ?

This is a remarkable genus of doubtful position. The large solitary seed, with
a much developed funicle forming an expansion at the base of the coarsely
ruminated albumen and sending processes into the latter, and the unisexual habit
make it doubtful whether it should not be placed in Cornacez (to which Seemann
referred it), rather than in Araliacez.

ARALIDIUM PINNATIFIDUM, Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, 763,+.13. A
small tree without prickles, glabrous except the inflorescence. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, irregularly lobed or coarsely pinnatifid,.rarely entire
and narrowly elliptic ; length of the lobed or pinnatifid forms 10-18 in.,
breadth 7-10 in.; length of the entire leaves 4-10 in., breadth 2-4 in.;
petiole stout, 15-5 in. long. Panicles many-branched, ferruginous-

389°

46 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

puberulous, shorter than or as long as the leaves. Petals pubescent.
Fruit narrowly ellipsoid, pointed at each end, glabrous, the pericarp
thin, length 1:35 in., diam °6 in., damson-colored when ripe. Mig. Flor,
Ind. Bat. Suppl. 340; Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. Ll, 726;
Hemsley in Hook. Ic, Plantar. t. 1549.

Pawane; Ridley 2439. Sutancor; Curtis 2340. Sincarore; Ridley;
Hullett, 485, 888; King. Pauane; Ridley 2662. Matacoa; Griffith
(Kew Distrib.) 2702; Maingay 676. Prax ; Scortechint ; Wray ; King’s
Collector (many numbers), a very common plant. Distris. Sumatra,
Forbes 2207.

The structure of the seed is well explained by Mr. Hemsley in his description
and figure in ‘Hooker’s Icones Plantarum.

3. Heprapniurum, Gertn.

‘Large shrubs or trees, glabrous or tomentose, without prickles.
Leaves digitate, rarely compound-digitate or 1-foliolate; leaflets coriaceous,
entire or remotely toothed or lobed, never closely serrate nor ciliate,
those near the panicle usually entire; stipules often connate within the
petiole and prominent. Umbels (rarely capitate) panicled or in com-
pound racemes; bracts woolly, deciduous or persistent; pedicels not
jointed under the flower; bracteoles few or 0, or rarely densely tufted.
Calyx-margin toothed or truncate. Petals 5-6 or many, valvate. Stamens
as many as the petals. Ovary cells as many as the petals, disc small
or large; styles small, separate or combined in a short conical narrow
cylindric column. Fruit subglobose, 5-6-angled. Seeds compressed,
albumen uniform. Duisrriz. Species 55, in the tropics of the Old World.
Leaves simple a ae Ris coe. jie) jdewiapenes

Leaves all trifoliolate :—
Panicle longer than the leaves, slender; its branches

long, spreading, laxly-flowered .. in we 2. H. luridwm.
‘Panicle shorter than the cass its ae 96 short,
densely-flowered ... soe 1) oe & dH. triste.

Leaves all digitately 5-9-foliolate :—
Panicle simple or 2-branched, sub-racemose, only about
38 in. long; the lateral umbels subsessile, lax, few-

flowered Ce -. 4 HH. sub-racemosum. —

Panicle divided from the base or near it sate several
erect narrow branches 6-12 inches long; the lateral
branches very short and bearing dense heads of sub-
sessile flowers :— .

‘Ovary 8-celled, leaves glaucous and with loose wooly

hairs beneath th i Me .. O. H. Cephalotes.
‘Ovary 5-celled :-—
Both surfaces of the leaves quite glabrous .. 6. H. Scortechinii,
Lower surface of.leaves tomentose .. . 4%. HH, tomentosum.

390

Materials for a Flora of the Mf. alayan Peninsula. 47

Panicle with few narrow erect branches bearing shortly
peduncled umbels of pedicellate flowers :—
Ovary 12-celled; leaflets 5, membranous, 7-12 in.

long vas eae es w+ 8. H. Singalangense.
Ovary 9-celled; Ieaflets 7-9, very coriaceous, 3-5
in. long eee wee nae .. 9. H., lati-foliolatum.

Ovary 5-celled :—
Main nerves of leaflets only 2 or 3 pairs, the basal
prominent; reticulatious rather wide, not promi-
nent; panicles very narrow, covered, up to the
bases of the pedicels, with minute stellate hair ... 10. H. subulatum,
Main nerves of leaflets 5 or 6 pairs, basal nerves
prominent ; panicles glabrous (rarely hairy) narrow
in flower, spreading in fruit his . Ll. H. venulosum.
Panicle with spreading branches :—
Branches of the panicle umbellate :—
Ovary 5-celled; reticulations of leaves wide, dis-
tinct ar oie a . 12. H. ellipticwm.
Ovary 6-celled :—
Common petiole 1-2°5 in. long; leaflets lanceo-
late or oblanceolate, caudate-acuminate, much
narrowed to the base, 1°5-3°'5 in. long; flower-
buds globular, *1 in. in diam.; fruit *l in. long... 18. H. scandens.
Common petiole 2-4 in. long; leaflets ovate-
lanceolate, shortly caudate-acuminate, the bases
rounded, 2-4 in. long; flower-buds oblong, about
‘2 in. long ; fruit 25 in. long ... 14, H. affine.
Common petiole 10-24 in. long; leaflets a
elliptic, shortly and abruptly acuminate, 4-12
long ; flower-buds sub-globular, *1 in. in mc bh ;
fruit elliptic, °25—"3 in. long ua .. 16. H. Hulletti.
Common petiole 5-10 in. long; leaflets oblong-
elliptic or oblanceolate- -oblong, acute, 5-10 in.
long; flower-buds globular, ‘15 in. in diam.;
fruit ovoid, ‘25 in. long ... “as .. 16, H. Ridleyi.
Common petiole 2-2°25 in. long; leaflets lanceo-
late, acute, narrowed to the base, 1°5-2°5 in. long ;
flower-buds oblong, °2 in. long, fruit ‘3 in, long... 17. H. nervosuwm.
Branches of the panicle racemose “ua .. 18. H. Wrayi.
Lower leaves large, digitately decompound :—
Leaflets entire, narrowly oblong, acuminate, 2-3°5 in.

long, panicle 8 in. long ans ... 19. H. biternatum.
Leaflets usually entire, 2°5-7 in. long, jianible 10-15 in.
long ; fruit oblong ~ bas se ... 20. H. heterophyllwm. .
Leaves bipinnate, leaflets coarsely toothed ; Aruiites sub-
globular con sos a «. 21. H. Curtisii,

1. HeprapLevruM Avene, Seem. Rev. Hed. 43. Scandent ; young
branches with striate rugulose glabrous bark, brown when dry. Leaves —
391

48 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

simple, coriaceous, narrowly oblong, acute, narrowed to the base, the
edges slightly recurved ; both surfaces glabrous, dull when dry; main
nerves about 12 pairs, faint, sub-horizontal ; length 3°5-5-25 in., breadth
‘9-1-2 in. ; petiole *75-1:25, thickened near the apex. Panicles single or
2 or 3, terminal, puberulous, half as long as the leaves, erect ; the few
branches rather close together, about *25 or ‘3 in. long, each bearing
3-5 pedicellate flowers ; the buds ‘15 in., ovoid, their pedicels *2 in. long ;
bracts lanceolate, deciduous. Calya-rim narrow; petals, stamens and
stigmas 6. Fruit ellipsoid, as large as a pea, sulcate. Sciadophyllum
avene, Herb. Korthals.

Sincapore ; Ridley 5840, 6337. Distris. Sumatra.

At once distinguished in the genus by its oblong simple leaves.

2. HePraPpLEURUM LURIDUM, new species. An epiphytic shrub 2-3
feet long; branches with rugulose glabrous bark. Leaves trifoliolate,
with a common petiole 1-175 in. long, glabrous, fleshy when fresh, ver-
tically rngose when dry; leaflets very coriaceous, narrowly elliptic-ob-
long, slightly oblique, tapering gradually to each end; the edges entire,
much recurved when dry; both surfaces quite glabrous, the nerves
and veins very indistinct even when dry ; length 2°5—4 in., breadth "5-75
in.; petiolules unequal, thick, the lateral -15—'25 in. long, the terminal
about ‘4 in. Panicle terminal, longer than the leaves; its branches few,
slender, long, spreading, glabrous; the ultimate branchlets 1-1°5 in.
long, bearing umbels of 3-8 broadly ovoid glabrous flowers ‘1 in. long;
their pedicels at first only about *1 in. long, but two or three times
as long in fruit. Calyx-tube shortly campanulate ; its mouth truncate,
entire. Petals completely united into a calyptra. Stamens 6, erect,
the filaments short, Styles united into a short conical column; the
stigmas 6, small, occupying the corners of its truncate apex.

Perak; Scortechini 1191; King’s Collector 8304.

A very distinct small species easily recognised by its narrow very acuminate
avenous leaflets borne on fleshy petioles, and by its slender spreading long-branched
few-flowered panicles.

3. HeEPraPLEURUM TRISTE, new species. A tree ; young branches as
thick as a swan’s-quill, glabrous, pale when dry. Leaves 3-foliolate,
the common petiole 15-2 in. long; leaflets thickly coriaceous, glabrous,
broadly elliptic, blunt or shortly apiculate, the base rounded ; the edges
entire, boldly recurved when dry; main nerves 10 to 12 pairs, close to-
gether, indistinct on both surfaces; length 2°25-3:25 in., breadth 15-2
in.; petiolules unequal, the lateral pair ‘5 in. long, the middle one ‘8 in.
Panicle terminal, shorter than the leaves, glabrous, divided from the
base into 2 or 3 spreading branches, ebracteate; the branchlets about
‘Sin. long (longer in fruit), each ending in an umbel of 10-20 ovate

392 *

Materials for a Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula. 49

flowers, ‘15 in. long, their pedicels *l in. long. Calya-tube campanu-
late ; the limb truncate, narrow, Petals 5, broadly elliptic, blunt, re-
flexed. Fruit narrowly oblong, pointed, deeply 5-ridged, glabrous,
crowned by the short conical style-column, ‘2 in. long, glabrous,

Perak; on Ulu Batang Padong, at an elevation of about 4900
feet ; Wray 1509.

A species near H. ellipticum but readily distinguished from that in the Herba-
rium by its dull broad coriaceous leaflets, more widely campanulate calyx-tube,
and larger fruit.

4, HePTAPLEURUM SUB-RACEMOSUM, new species. A shrub 2-3 feet
high; young branches with thick corky glabrous bark, pale when dry.
Leaves trifoliolate or sometimes 5-foliolate, the common petiole 1°5-2°5
in. long, glabrous. Leaflets coriaceous, narrowly elliptic-lanceolate,
caudate-acuminate, narrowed at the base, the edges entire and slightly
revolute ; both surfaces glabrous, distinctly and finely reticulate wheu
dry; length 2°25-4 in., breadth °75-1-] in.; petiolules unequal, ‘3-4 in.
long, that of the terminal leaflet °8-1'25in. long, thickened at the apex.
Panicle solitary, terminal, very narrow, sub-racemose, 2-branched, only
about 3 inches long and about*65 in. across; the branchlets only “1-‘2
in. long, each ending in an umbel of 3-5 oblong, green flowers “15 in.
long; rim of calyx very narrow. Fruit oblong, ‘2 in, long, glabrous,
with 5 blunt ridges, pale green tipped with bluish, 5-celled.

Perak ; King’s Oollector 8283.

Readily recognised by its small caudate-acuminate narrow leaflets, much:
and prominently reticulated when dry; and by its short narrow racemoid panicles.

5. HeprarLeurom Cepsarores, Clarke in Flor. Br. Ind. [I, 731.
A large tree. Leaves digitate, their petioles rather slender, ‘1'5-3°5 in,
long, glaucous; leaflets about 7, oblong-elliptic, the apex abruptly and
shortly acuminate, the base rounded, the edges entire and slightly —
recurved when dry; upper surface shining, glabrous; the lower dull,
glaucous, and bearing when young some quickly deciduous loose wooly
hairs. Panicle minutely tomentose, terminal, consisting of numerous
sub-erect branches 6-12 inches long, bearing shortly peduncled globose
ebracteolate dense capitula. Fruit oblong, ribbed, 8-celled, covered
with stellate white tomentum and crowned by the broad cluster of
short styles; disc large, spongy. H. capitatum, Seem. Rev. Hed. 15
(in part). .

Mauacca; Griffith (Kew Distrib.) 2700. Sincapore; Ridley 3973,
6409. Penance; Curtis 837. Perak; Wray 1542; Scortechini 391.

6. Herrarnevrum Scorrecutnis, new species, An epiphytic shrub,
the young branches stout. Leaves digitate; the common petiole terete,
glabrous, stout, 2°5-3°5 feet long ; leaflets 8-10, very coriaceous, oblong

: $ § 4 393 24.

50 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

or oblong-elliptic, the apex blunt or shortly apiculate, the base rounded,
the edges entire and recurved when dry; both surfaces quite glabrous,
not reticulate; main nerves 6-9 pairs, ibaa prominent on the lower
surface ; lengitli 9-13 in., breadth 4-6 in.; petiolules unequal, 2°5-5 in.
long. Panicle jeeriinl dividing ee several narrow raceme-like
branches, 10-20 inches long, covered with pale scurfy tomentum ; the
branchlets 40 or 50 in number and °35 to ‘75 in." long, each with a
broadly ovate convolute wooly bract at its base, and at its apex a dense
globular umbel of sub-globular flowers ‘1 in. in diam. and borne on
pedicels ‘05 in. long. Calyx truncate, tapering to the base. Petals 6 or 7,
narrowly lanceolate. Stigmas free, ovary 5-celled. Frat unknown.

PERAK; Scortechinit 2008.

Collected only by the late Father Scortechini, whose specimens unfortunately
are scanty and rather fragmentary. A very distinct species, in general appearance
resembling H. Cephototes, Clarke and H. rigidum, Seem. The leaflets of the
latter have however twice as many main lateral nerves, although their length
is not greater.

7. HepTaPLEURUM TOMENTOSUM, Hassk. in Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor.
(1844), p. 165.°A half-scandent shrub, 6-8 in. high ; the young branches
stout, deciduously stellate-pubescent, the older glabrous. Leaves digitate ;
the common petiole 9-12 in. long, densely covered with rusty stellate
tomentum, the intra-petiolar stipules about ‘75 in. long. Leaflets 5-7,
coriaceous, oblong-elliptic, caudate-acuminate, slightly narrowed to the
base, the edges entire and slightly revolute; the upper surface boldly
bullate and finely reticulate, quite glabrous, pale olivaceous when dry ;
the lower pale brown, more or less closely covered with pale brown
stellate hairs; length 8-10 in., breadth 2°75-3°5 in.; petiolules unequal,
1°5-2°5 in. A tomentose. Panicles usually ae together, terminal,
4-5 in. long, racemose; the lateral branches about 12, short, ‘2-4 in. long,
each bearing asub-globular umbel of 8-10, ovoid, blunt, glabrous flowers
‘15 in. long; their pedicels ‘1 in. long, pubescent. Calyx-tube funnel-
shaped, the rim narrow. Petals 5, white, glabrous, calyptrate. Stamens
longer than the petals. Styles 5, conjoined, papilliform, their apices
free. Fratt ‘2 in. long, narrowly oblong, 5-ridged, 5-celled. Sciadophyllum
tomentosum, Blume Bijdr. 877; DC. Prod. IV, 260. Paratropia
tomentosa, Mig. in Bonplandia for 1856, p. 138; Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I,
7538; Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. I, 23.

Perak ; Scortechini, Wray 2202, 3152; King’s Collector 2066, 2216,
2569, 7253, 8733. SxrLangor; Curtis 2341. Disrris. Sumatra; Forbes,
2611. |

I have seen no authentically-named specimen of this from the Leiden Herba-

rium, but the Perak plant agrees so completely with Miquel’s description that I
have no doubt of the correctness of my identification,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 5k

8. Heprarnevrum SINGALANGENSE, Seem. Rev. Hed. 42. Scandent,
glabrous. Leaves digitate ; common petiole 12-15 in. long, stout ; leaflets
5, membranous, elliptic, shortly acuminate, the base slightly narrowed,
the edges with a few irregular remote teeth or entire; both sur-
faces glabrous, faintly reticulate; main nerves 7 or 8 pairs, curved,
spreading ; length 7-12 in., breadth 3°25-5°25 in., petiolules 1*25-2°5 in.,

thickened at the base. Panicle 12-18 in. long, covered with deciduous
rusty steilate pubescence, very narrow, (about 2 in. wide) ; the branches
numerous, about *5 in. long, each ending in an umbel of 5-10 oblong
ebovoid pedicelled flowers ‘25 in. long, their pedicels -2—3 in. long.
Calyz-tube shortly campanulate, minutely scaly ; its limbnarrow, truncate,
undulate. Petals 9, fleshy, narrow, slightly unequal, connate by their
edges. Stamens 9. Stigmas united into a notched fleshy ring, ovary
12-celled. Fruit unknown. Paratropia Singalense, Mig. in Ann, Mus.
Lugd. Bat. I, 23. Agalma redivivum, Seem. Rev, Hed. 25.

Perak; Scortechini 390; Curtis 3170. |

The specimens which I have seen are few. In foliage they agree with the
specimen in Kew named Agalma redivivum, which however Seemann describes as
having 7-8-merous flowers. In other respects they agree with Seemann’s description
of that plant. They also agree with Miquel’s full description of his Paratropia
Singalangense, except as to the length of the petiole which Miquel gives as only 4-6
inches, a measurement so much out of proportion with those he gives for the
petiolules, (1-2°5 in.) and leaflets, that I cannot help suspecting some clerical error.

9. HEPTAPLEURUM LATIFOLIOLATUM, new species. A bush with stout
branches. Leaves digitate; the common petiole stout, glabrous, some-
what compressed, 7-11 in. long; leaflets thickly coriaceous, ovate-
rotund, shortly acuminate or blunt, the base rounded ; the edges entire,
slightly recurved when dry; both surfaces glabrous, the upper shining,
the lower dull and sub-glaucous; main lateral nerves 7 or 8 pairs,
spreading, curving upwards, prominent on the lower surface, depressed
on the upper when dry ; length 3-5 in., breadth 1°75-83'5 in. ; petiolules
*8-1'5 in., rather stout. Panicles terminal, in pairs, 5-8 in, long,
glabrous; the branches short, horizontal, each bearing at its apex an
umbel of 10-15 pedicelled flowers ; pedicels °3 in. long. Fruit broadly
ovoid, deeply 9-ridged, 9-celled, glabrous, crowned by the 9 very short
free styles, and ‘15 in. in diam., red when ripe.

Perak; on Gunong Babu at an elevation of about 5000 feet ;
Wray 3927. P)

10. HeEprarPLEURUM suBULATUM, Seem. Rev. Hed. 42. Scandent,
glabrous. Leaves digitate; the common petiole 2-6 im. long, slender,
glabrous, terete; leaflets coriaceous, oblong-elliptic or elliptic, shortly
acuminate, tapering to the base; the edges entire, revolute when dry ;
both surfaces glabrous and reticulate but not prominently so, the upper

YL aa

52 Materials for a Plora of the Malayan Peninsula.

shining, the lower dull when dry ; midrib prominent.on the lower surface
as also the 4 oblique, basal, and 2-3 pairs of sub-horizontal main nerves ;
length 2°5-7 in., breadth 1-3°5 in ; petiolules unequal, ‘2-2 in., swollen
near the apex. Panicle terminal, stellately puberulous, shorter than the
leaves while in flower, longer in fruit, bearing many very narrow
racemoid branches each with an acuminate lanceolate bract 1 in. long
at its base; branchlets very short, from *15 in. when in flower to *d in.
when in fruit, stellately puberulous, each bearing an umbel of 12-20)
flowers ; buds depressed, globular, glabrous, ‘05.in. in diam. ; their pedicels:
‘Qin. long, slender. Fruit rather broadly ovoid). bluntly 5-ridged,. 5-:
celled; glabrous, ‘15.in. long. Clarke in Flor. Br: Ind. II, 730:. Paratropia
subulata, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. I, 22.

Matacca; Griffith (Kew Distrib.) 2690; Maineay; 681, (Kew
Distrib.) Derry. Pauane; Ridley 1632, 5818. Perak; Scortechim
Wray 872, 3090, 3639; King’s Collector 773, 1102, 2343. DistRIB.
Sumatra.

This closely resembles: H: venuloswm, Seem., and is not always readily distin-
guishable from that species. The best marks of this appear to me to be the promi-
nence of the basal nerves and’ the fewness of the other main nerves (only 2 or 3
pairs); and the longer narrower panicles which, up to the pedicels of the
flowers, are covered with minute stellate hairs. The majority of the specimens of
H. venulosum, Seem. have glabrous panicles, but those:of var. macrophylla are:
hairy, and the leaves have many more lateral nerves.

11. HeprapbevRuM venuLosum, Seem. Rey. Hed. 44. Scandent ;
young branches rather slender, glabrous. Leaves digitate; common
petiole slender, terete, glabrous, 4-6 in. long’; leaflets thinly coriaceous,
oblanceolate-elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate; narrowed:

to the base, the edges entire; both surfaces: shining, glabrous, conspicu-

ously and minutely: reticulate; length 3-7 in., breadth 1:25-2°75 in.;
petiolules unequal, slender, varying from *5-1°5.in. long in the same leaf.
Panicle varying in length but usually shorter: than the leaves, terminal,
glabrous or occasionally slightly pubescent, (stellate-pubescent in var.
macrophylla), dividing into several narrow branches bearing’ short
branchlets each terminating in an umbel of 10-15 depressed-globular
flowers ‘J in. in diam.; their pedicels unequal, slender, *15-"3 in. in
length. Fruit ovoid, bluntly 5-ridged, 5-celled, glabrous, ‘15 in. long,
yellow when ripe. Clarke in Hook. fil: Flor. Br. Ind. II, 729. Brand.
For. Flor. 294; Kurz For. Flor. I, 538. Paratropia venulosa, W. & A.
Prodr. 377; Wight Ill. t. 118. Hedera venosa, Wall. Cat. 4923: 4H.
terebinthacea, Wall. Cat. 4920, (partly,). Aralia digitata, Roxb. Hort,
Beng. 22; Flor: Ind. IT, 107..

Anpaman Istanps ; King’s Collectors... Mauacca ;. Derry:

This species; socommon from the base of the Eastern Himalaya southwards

396

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 53

through Assam to Burma, is replaced in the Malayan Peninsula by ‘the. closely
allied species H. ellipticum, which differs from this as noted under that species.
Mr. Clarke, in Flor. Br. India, however, reduces H. ellipticum to H. venulosum, 2%
course in favour of which there is a good deal to be said.

12. HepraPLEURUM ELLIpticum, Seem, Rey. Hed. 43. Scandent;
young branches with pale brown glabrous bark. Leaves digitate; the
common petiole 4-6 in. long, glabrous; leaflets 5-7, coriaceous, more
or less broadly elliptic, sometimes elliptic-rotund, apiculate, subapicu-
late or obtuse, the base rounded or sub-cuneate; the edges entire,
revolute when dry ; both surfaces glabrous and as 5 dull when dry;
main nerves 4 or 5 pairs, the reticulations wide, inconspicuous ; length
2°5-7 in,, breadth 175-4 in. ; petiolules uequal, ‘75-15 in., that of the
middle leaflet 2 in. Panicle about as long as the leaves, terminal,
_ glabrous, lax, open, the branches long, spreading and bearing few-
flowered umbels on long slender peduncles ; flowers globular-ovoid, ‘1 in,
Tong or less, on slender pedicels *15—"2 in. long. Fruit oblong, yellowish,
with 5 ridges and Scells, Paratropia elliptica, Miq. in Bonplandia
1856, p. 138; Flor. Ind. Bat. J, Pt. I, p. 756; in Ann. Mus. Lugd.
Bat. I, 20; Sciadophyllum ellipticum, Blume Bijdr. 878; DC. Prodr.
IV, 260.

Singapore; Jidley 5839, 6399. Manaccoa; Derry 1187, 1215.
Penane ; Curtis 972. Perak; Scortechini; Wray 2020, 2136; King’s
Collector 254], 4733, 10375, 10534. ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR Tapas
King’s Collector.

This resembles H. venulosum, Seem , but the reticulations on the leaves of thig
are wider and less distinct than in that ; and the panicles of this have spreading,
soe glabrous, lax branches.

13. HeprapLevruUM scanpens, Seem. Rev. Hed. 43. A slender
creeper 3-5 in. long, the stem pale and corky. Leaves small, digitate;
common petiole 1—-2°5 in. long, slender ; leaflets 3-5, thinly coriaceous,
lanceolate, caudate-acuminate, tapering much to the base, the edges”
entire and somewhat recurved ; both surfaces glabrous, the upper smooth
and cre wroigh the lower dull and reticulate; length 1:5-3'5 in., breadth
“5-8 in.; petiolules subequal, ‘2-25 in, ‘lane Panicles lowe than the
leaves, sia 4-8 in. long; the branches spreading horizontally,
simple, each ending in an umbel of flowers on a slender pedicel nearly
°75 in. long; buds globular, ‘l in. in diam. Fruit elliptic, boldly 5-
ridged, 5-celled, ‘1 in. long. Paratropia scandens, Mig. in Bonplandia
1856, p. 188; Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1.757. P. brachybotrya, Mig. Flor.
Ind. Bat. J, Pt. I, 755. Sciadophyllum scandens, Blume Bijdr. 878.

PmRAK ; Wray 1844, 2401, 2880; Curtis 2687; Scortechini 218,
1352 ; King’s Collector 4304. Disrris. Java, Sumatra,

A very slender glabrous species, at once distinguished by its small lanceolate,
‘caudate-acuminate, digitate leaflets,

397

54 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

14, HeprapLEURUM AFFINE, new species. A shrub 6-8 feet high,
semi-scandent ; young branches as thick as a goose-quill, shining, gla-
brous; common petiole 2—4 in. long, slender, the stipule bout °65 in., both
glabrous ; leaflets 5 or 6, thinly coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate to elliptic,
acuminate, the base sometimes narrowed but always rounded, the edges
entire; length 2°25-4 in., breadth 1:25-1°75 in.; petiolules somewhat
unequal, *75-1°5 in. long. Panicle terminal, when young furfuraceously
puberulous towards the base, ultimately quite glabrous everywhere,
2°5-5 in. long and almost as broad ; the main branches 3 or 4, spreading
and bearing, in pairs or whorls of 3, six to twelve ultimate ebracteate
branches ‘5-75 in. long, each terminating in an umbel of 7-10 pedicel-
late broadly ovate flowers nearly °2 in. long, the pedicels ‘2 in. long.
Fruit broadly ovate, apiculate, boldly 6-ridged, 6-celled, glabrous, nearly
25 in. long.

Perak; at elevations of from 3000 to 5000 feet. Scortechini 333,
486 ; King’s Collector 3827; Wray 4121.

This in many respects resembles H. ellipticum, but has larger flowers and its
fruit is on shorter pedicels. .

15. HepraPLeurvuM HULiLErti, new species. A small tree, 10-15
feet high ; branches stout, rugulose, deciduously pubescent. Leaves large,
digitate; the common petiole terete, glabrous, 10-24 in. long; leaflets
7-11, coriaceous, oblong or oblong-elliptic, occasionally somewhat broader
in the upper than in the lower half, shortly and abruptly acuminate,
slightly narrowed to the rounded base; both surfaces glabrous, not
reticulate, the midrib prominent ; main nerves 5-8 pairs, distant, slightly
curved and ascending, prominent on the lower surface when dry,
obsolete on the upper; length 4-12 in., breadth 1°5-3°25 in.; petiolules
1:25-3°5 in., slender, glabrous. anicles 9-12 inches long, terminal,
several together, long and narrow, with short horizontal slender branches
from ‘5 to 1 in. long, bearing terminal umbels of 8-12 small 6-merous
sub-globular flowers ‘1 in. in diam. Fruit elliptic, 6-ridged, 6-celled,
crowned by the 6 short distinct styles, glabrous, pedicels ‘25-3 in. long.

Sincapore ; Ridley 447, 4591, 6012; Wray 2323; King’s Collector
3048. JonorE; King and Hullett.

A species resembling H..dvaricata, Miq.; but having leaflets with fewer nerves
and no reticulations, much longer panicles and narrower fruit. It is allied also to
H. longifolium, Seem., but the leaflets of that species have greatly more numerous
main nerves, and the panicles are densely clothed with broad scale-like hairs and
have longer lateral branchlets. .

16. HeEprapLeuRumM RIDLEYI, new species. Scandent; young
branches stout, glabrous. eaves digitate; common petiole terete,
glabrous, 5-10 in. long ; leaflets 5, very coriaceous, oblong, oblong-elliptic

or oblanceolate-oblong, acute, slightly narrowed at the base; the edges
398 meh

: ak
Anas a
M zt
> Sbrgt na? Uo

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 55

entire, very slightly revolute when dry; both surfaces glabrous, the
reticulations faint when dry ; main nerves very slightly prominent on
the lower surface, about 8 pairs, spreading, the intermediate nerves
almost as conspicuous ; length 4—6°5 in., breadth *2-2°75 in.; petiolules
unequal, °75-2'25 in. Panicle terminal, glabrous, 5 or 6 in. long, with
several spreading branches ; the branchlets few, about °5 in. long, each
bearing an umbel of 10-20 globular flowers *15 im. in diam. Calyz-
tube short, widely. campanulate, the limb narrowed and truncate.
Petals 5, elliptic, glabrous. Fruit ovoid, somewhat succulent, smooth,
faintly 6-ridged, ‘25 in. long, 6-celled.

Sincapore ; Ridley 6336 and perhaps also 1890a.

17. HeprapLevuRUM NERVOSUM, new species. A small shrub;
branches with glabrous bark pale brown when dry. Leaves digitate ;
the common petiole terete, 2—2°25 in. long; leaflets 6, very coriaceous,
lanceolate, acute, the base narrowed; the edges entire, much recurved
when dry; both surfaces glabrous, the upper shining, the lower dull;
main nerves 7-10 pairs, straight, sub-horizontal, very prominent on the
lower surface and deeply impressed on the upper when dry, length
1-5-2°5 in., breadth *5-9 in.; petiolules unequal, the middle two about
‘75 in. long, the others about half as long. Panicle terminal, from
1°5—2 in. long, rusty-puberulous at first, afterwards glabrous, branches
about 2, spreading, with short bracteoles at the base and above it, each
ending in an umbel of 8-10 oblong pedicelled glabrous flowers ‘2 in.
long, their pedicels ‘1-15 in. long. Calya-tube cylindric-campanulate,
the limb truncate and entire. Petals narrowly triangular. Fruit
rotund-ovoid, boldly 6-ridged, 6-celled, glabrous, *3 in. long.

Perak, on Gunong Chabong; Scortechini.

A very distinct small species with rather large flowers and fruit for the genus,
and prominently-nerved very coriaceous leaflets.

18. HeprarpLeurum WRaYI, new species. A small tree; young
branches as thick as a swan’s quill, furfuraceous. Leaves digitate;
common petiole 6-9 in. long, slender, glabrous; leaflets 7-9, thinly
coriaceous, elliptic, abruptly shortly and sharply acuminate, the base
rounded, the edges with shallow distant sharp serrations ; upper surface
glabrous, the lower glaucous and with scattered minute stellate hairy
scales; main nerves 7 or 9 pairs, prominent beneath, length 3-5 in.,
breadth 1°75-2°25 in.; petiolules unequal, 1°5-2°5 in. long. Panicle
terminal, longer than the leaves, furfuraceous stellate-pubescent, bearing
a few rather distant, horizontal or deflexed many-flowered racemes,
Flowers ‘15 in. in diam., their pedicels -2 in. long. Culya-tube funnel-
shaped, its mouth with 5 short triangular spreading teeth. Petals 5,
elliptic-oblong, glabrous, reflexed. Fruit globular, prominently 5-ridged,
“ 399

56 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

crowned by the long confuent column of styles, glabrous, 5-celled, “15
in. in diam.

Prrax; on Gunong Brumber Pahang, at an elevation of about 7000
feet, Wray 1585.

A very distinct species, at once distinguishable by its racemose panicles, and
leaflets glaucous on the lower surface and with serrate edges.

19. Heprartevrum BiTeRNaTuM, Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind.
II, 735. A shrub several feet high ; the young shoots and the under
surfaces of the leaves deciduously stellate-pubescent. Leaves digitately
decompound or twice pinnate, with ternate leaflets at each node of the
rachis; leaflets coriaceous, narrowly-oblong, acuminate, entire, the
base slightly narrowed and rounded ; length 2-3'5 in., breadth °5—"75 in.,
petiolules *1 in. long or less, that of the terminal leaflet -4 in.; both
surfaces minutely reticulate and shining, the upper glabrous, the lower
with deciduous stellate pubescence. SHAN 8 in. long, but only about
1:5 in. across ; the branches little-divided, stellate-hairy ; bracts decidu-
ous, pedicels ‘2 in. long.

Matacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 684. .

Known only by Maingay’s fragmentary specimens.

90. PH erraAPLEURUM HETEROPHYLLUM, Seem. Rev. Hed. 40. A bush
or small tree 8-12 feet high. Lower leaves large, ternately decompound,
24 in. across; common petiole 12-24 in. long; the upper leaves smaller
and only twice digitate ; the leaflets in all 3 to 5 on each petiolule, thinly
coriaceous, variable in shape, oblong-lanceolate to elliptic or broadly
ovate, shortly acuminate, narrowed or rounded at the base; the edges
entire, rarely with 1 or 2 teeth near the apex; both surfaces minutely
reticulate and glabrous, the lower minutely dotted; length 2°5-7 or
even 9 in., breadth 1-225 in.; petiolules of the lower leaflets -1—25 in.,
that of the terminal twice aslong. Panicles with deciduous pale stellate
pubescence, solitary or several together, 10-15 in. long, and only 1°5-2
in. across; the branches horizontal, slender, each ending in an umbel
of flowers on slender pedicels, the flowers bearing fertile pistils smaller
than those with fertile stamens. /ruit narrowly oblong, boldly 5-ribbed,
glabrous, 5-celled, nearly *25 in. long, claret-coloured when ripe.
Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. I], 731. Hedera heterophylla, Wall.
Cat. 4919; G. Don. Gen. Syst. IIT, 394. Paratropia heterophylla, Presi
Epimel. Bot. 250; Mig. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 761. |

PenancG; Wallich, Ourtis 241, 2301 and possibly 1950. Purak ;
Scortechini 145, 664; King’s Collector 718, 2688, 8640, 8769.

21. HeprarLevrum Corrisil, new species. A large shrub. Lower
leaves bipinnate, the upper trifoliolate; common petioles of both about
8 in. long ; leaflets thinly coriaceous, oblong-elliptic, sometimes slightly

400

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 57

obovate, the apex shortly acuminate, the edges entire in the lower half
but with a few unequal scanty coarse sharp teeth in the upper half; the
base slightly narrowed, sometimes oblique; both surfaces quite glabrous,
shining and finely reticulate when dry; length 3-6 in., breadth 1°5-2°5
in.; petiolules unequal, the lateral ‘1 in. long or absent, the terminal
35-8 in. Panicle terminal, shorter than the leaf-petioles, with several
rusty stellate-tomentose bracts °75 in. long at its base, 2-branched ; the
branches narrow, sparsely covered with scurfy pubescence; the lateral
branchlets about *75 in. long, slender, each bearing at its apex a crowded
umbel of from 10-20 oblong flowers on pedicels *15-"3 in. long. Fruit
oblong, boldly 5-ribbed, crowned by the conical disc bearing 5 small
rounded stigmas at its corners, 5-celled.
Penang; at Pulo Boetong, 1950.

I have seen only two specimens (and they are both of the same gathering) of
this very distinct species.

4. Trevesta, Vis.

Shrubs or small trees, prickly or unarmed, glabrous or stellate-
hairy. Leaves palmifid or palmisect; petioles often united by a wing
at their base; stipules united within the petiole, or obsolete. Flowers
polygamous, large for the Order; umbels panicled ; pedicels not jointed
under the flower; bracts small or 0. Calyx-murgin entire or toothed.
Petals 8-12, valvate, somewhat thick, often cohering as a cap in the
fertile flowers. Stamens equal in number to the petals. Ovary with as
many cells as the petals; styles connate into a short column. Fruit
ovoid, large for the Order. Seeds compressed; albumen uniform.
Distriz. Species about 10; natives of Eastern India, Malaya and
Polynesia. |

TREVESIA PALMATA, Vis. in Mem. Acad. Torino, Ser. 2, 1V, 262, with
fig. A-small single-stemmed tree 10-25 feet high; young shoots ferru-
ginous-pubescent and very prickly. Leaves coriaceous, large (12-24 in.
in diam.), rotund in general outline, deeply palmatifid; or, in young
shoots, palmatisect, widely cordate at the base, the lobes acuminate, their
edges serrate or sometimes lobulate; glabrous when adult or with a few
small rufous stellate hairs on the lower surface; the lobules contracted
in the middle to a pseudo-petiolule (in var. cheirantha); petiole often
prickly, 6 to 20in. long. Panicles 12-30 in. long, the branches spreading,
when young clothed with reddish-brown tomentum ; bracts oblong, 1 in.
long, usually deciduous; pedicels 1-15 in. long. Flower-buds ‘12 in.
in diam. Fruit ovoid-rotund, the ribs not prominent, crowned by
the stout style, fleshy, ‘5 in. in diam. Seem. Rev. Hed. 77; Kurz For.
Flora Burma, I, 5389; Clarke in Flor. Br. Ind. I], 732; Borlage in Ann.

401

58 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg VI, 108. Gastonia palmata, Roxb. Hort. Beng.
33; Flor. Ind. II, 407; Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 894. Gilibertia palmata,
DC. Prodr. IV, 256. Hedera ferruginea and H. palmata, Wall. Cat. 4909
and 4910 (partly). Brassaiopsis confluens, Seem. Rev. Hed. 18 (as to the
leaves). Aralia dubia, Spreng. Syst. Veg. IV, 2, p. 125.
Perak ; Scortechini ; King’s Collector 44:5, 6715.

Var. cheirantha, Clarke in Flor. Br. Ind. II, 732; lamine of the
lobes cut away in the middle so as to expose the midrib and form a
pseudo-petiolule. Hedera ? cheirantha, Jack in Wall. Cat. 4925; Wall.
Cat. 4910 in part.

Perak ; Wray 2322; King’s Collector 2308 ; Scortechint 344.

5. Denpropanax, Decne and Planch.

Unarmed glabrous trees or shrubs. Leaves simple, entire, ( palmate-
ly 3-5-lobed on young shoots). Umbels solitary or in small panicles ;
bracts small or none; pedicels not jointed under the flower. Limb
of the calyx entire or 5-toothed. Petals 5, free, valvate, rather thick.
Stamens 5. Styles united into a column at the base, free at the apex.
Fruit globose or ellipsoid, succulent, distinctly or obscurely 5-ribbed.
Seeds compressed ; albumen uniform. Dusrrir. about 12 species mostly
tropical American ; one Japanese ; one Indo-Chinese.

Denpropanax Matneayi, new species. A shrub; young branches with
corky bark, pale-brown when dry, all parts except the umbels glabrous.
Leaves alternate or sub-opposite, thinly coriaceous, oblong-ovate, oblong
or lanceolate, acute ; the base rounded, sometimes slightly narrowed; the
edges entire and slightly recurved when dry; both surfaces glabrous,
dull, the midrib prominent on the lower and sending off near its base two
bold curving nerves running at some distance from the margin to the
apex and, above the origin of these, 7-8 pairs of faint horizontal nerves ;
length 2-3°25 in., breadth 1-1°75 in., petioles varying from °25-1°5 in.
in length. Umbel simple, terminal, its pedicel 35-5 in, long; flowers
8-14, oblong, pedicelled, -2 in. long, their pedicels °25--4 in. long.
Calyx cylindric-campanulate, puberulous, its mouth with 5 sharp
triangular teeth. Petals broadly lanceolate, acute, quite free. Fruit
globular, succulent, glabrous, °3 in. in diam. JD. parviflorum, Clarke in
Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. (not of Bentham).

Matacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 682; Griffith 2685-1. Prrax ;
Scortechini 308. |

This Dendropanaz, found in Malacca and Perak, does not agree with specimens

of D. parviflerum, Benth., collected in Hongkong. It appears to me to bea distinct’

species hitherto un-named.

402

oa Veg

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 59

6. ARTHROPHYLLUM, Blume.

Shrubs or small trees, unarmed. Leaves glabrous or sub-glabrous,
the lower large and compoundly pinnate, the uppermost opposite and
simple, the intermediate 3-foliolate; leaflets easily separable from the
rachis ; stipules forming a ligule within the petiole. Inflorescence a
terminal compound umbel, the terminal umbellules peduncled; bracts
very small; pedicel not jointed under the flower. Calyzx-teeth 5, small.
Petals 5, valvate. Stamens 5. Ovary 1-celled, 1-ovuled; style short,
simple. Fruit (in the Indian species) ovoid, not angular. Seed sub-
globose; albumen ruminate. Duisrris. Species 3, Malayan.

The l-celled ovary is anomalous in Met Order, and this genus was excluded
from Araliacie by Seemann.

Lower leaves pinnately decompound as ws Ll. <A. diversifolium.

Lower leaves simply pinnate, or at most bipinnate .. 2, A. pinnatum.

1, ARTHROPHYLLUM DIversIFOLIOM, Blume Bijdr. 879. A shrub or
small tree, all parts except the umbels glabrous. Lower leaves large,
pinnately decompound, with pairs of opposite leaflets at the main
divisions, the upper leaves smaller and simply pinnate, and the upper-
most of all trifoliolate or simple; leaflets coriaceous, oblong or elliptic,
acute, narrowed at the base, entire; length 15-3 in., breadth 1°25-2°25
n.; petiolules ‘25-45 in., slender. Inflorescence a compound umbel;
the peduncles of the ultimate umbels unequal, covered with warm brown
deciduous stellate tomentum ; lengthening in fruit to *5-1'5 in.; pedicels
"25 in. long; fruit ovoid-globose, not ridged, crowned by the conical
disc, glabrous. Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II, 734; Mig. Flor.
Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 767. A. javanicum, Blume Bijdr. 879; DC. Prodr.
IV, 266; Kurz For. Flor. I, 540. A. ellipticum, Blume and DC. J. c.
A. Blumeanum, Zoll. & Mor. Verz. 41; Mig. I. c. 1, 768. <A. ovali-
folium, Jungh. & De Vriese in Miq. 1. c. t. 14. Panax polycarpum, Wall.
Cat. 4930. P. Jackianum, Wall. Cat. 4931. Hedera Jackiana, G. Don
Gen. Syst. III, 394. H.? ovata, Wall. Cat. 4911. Hupteron, sp. nov.
Kurz Andam. Rep. Suppl. B 9.

~ Manacca ; Griffith (Kew Distrib. 2675). Sinearore; Anderson 48,
185 ; Hullett 351, 393; Ridley, 5838. Prnane; Curtis 781. Prrax;
Wray 2012, 3063; King’s Collector and Scortechint, many numbers.
AnpaMAN Istanps; Kurz.

2. ARTHROPHYLLUM PINNATUM, Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind.
If, 734. A bush; all parts glabrous. Leaves pimnate, rarely bipinnate
or simple; the pimnate ones 12-18 in. long and with 5-17 leaflets ;
leaflets varying in size, coriaceous, laiceolate, caudate-acuminate, taper-
ing to the base; the edges entire, glabrous; length 125-4 in., breadth
‘4-1 in., petiolule absent or only ‘1 in. in length. Umbels with few

403

60 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

umbellules, their peduncles 15-2 in. long; pedicels glabrous or with
rusty stellate deciduous pubescence; fruit sub-globose, shining, *15 in.
in diam. Panaz pinnatum, Lamk. Dict. II, 715; DC. Prodr. IV, 254;
Wall. Cat. 9057. P. secunda, Schultz Syst. VI, 215. Nothopanas ?
pinnatum, Miq. Flor. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 766.

Penang; Wallich, Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 679.. Matacca; Main-
gay 677; Griffith (Kew Distrib.) 2676; Ridley 3224. Psrax; Wray
330, 14753; Scortechini 352.

7. WARDENIA, new genus.

A miniature tree with prickly stem, otherwise unarmed. Leaves
coriaceous, simple, on long terete petioles expanded at the base into
a short sheath with 2 minute stipules on its inner surface. Inflores-
cence a terminal shortly-branched compound umbel. Flowers herma-
phrodite. Calyx-tube narrowly campanulate, its limb with 5, small,
spreading teeth. Petals 5, calyptrate, their edges slightly infolded,
valvate below, slightly imbricate near the apex; the midribs prominent
on the inner surface. Stamens 5, alternate with the petals; the fila-
ments short, straight; the anthers versatile; the cells linear, quite
separate from each other, each united by its middle to the tip of
the filament. Disc large, fleshy, convex, covering the whole of the
apex of the ovary, slightly 5-lobed. Styles united to form a short
thick column without any distinct stigmatic enlargement; ovary 1-
celled, with 2 parallel pendulous ovules. Fruit 2-celled, by the form-
ation of a dissepiment not pre in the ovary, 2-seeded ; seeds com-
pressed. A single species.

This genus is allied to Arthrophyllum ; but its ovaries, although one-celled, have
two pendulous ovules. The fruit, however, is two-celled, by the subsequent form-
ation of a dissepiment, and is 2-seeded. The leaves moreover are all simple. The
‘seeds of the few specimens which I have seen are quite young and the nature of
‘the albumen cannot be made out. I have named the genus in honour of my friend
-Brigade-Surgeon Lt.-Colonel C. J. H. Warden, a distinguished pharmacologist and
one of the authors of the Pharmacographia Indica.

Warpenia simptex, King. A shrub 6-8 in. high, docidviously
-rufous-pubescent towards the apex, prickly near the base. Leaves
simple, elliptic, tapering gradually to the shortly acuminate apex, not
narrowed to the slightly cordate base; both surfaces bearing minute
scattered rusty stellate hairs; length 8-15 in., breadth 3°5-7 in.,
‘petiole 5-10 in. Flower buds ‘1 im. in diam., conical; pedicels *6—9
in. long, slender, rusty-pubescent, the umbels 10-20-flowered. Calyx
‘slightly rusty-pubescent. Petals glabrous. Fruit elliptic-globose, sub-
glabrous, °2 in. long, crowned isl the ihe and by the slender conic
stylar column. id | . Vite i

» 404

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 61

Perak ; near Ulu Kerling, King’s Collector in flower during March ;
only once collected.

8. Herteropanax, Seem.

A small unarmed tree. Leaves glabrous or nearly so, very large,
pinnately decompound, stipules not prominent. Panicles large, the
branches bearing umbels, stellate-hairy; bracts of umbels small, ovate,
obtuse, persistent; pedicels not jointed to the flowers. Flowers polyga-
mous, the female flowers most numerous in the terminal umbel. Calyz-
limb minutely toothed. Petals 5, valvate. Stamens 5, filaments filiform,
anthers ovate. Disk nearly flat; ovary 2-celled; styles 2, slender, free:
from the base, spreading, the stigmas sub-terminal. Frwit laterally
compressed, coriaceous, almost didymous, 2-seeded. Seeds compressed,
albumen ruminate. Species 1 or 2; Indo-Chinese.

HeEreROPANAX FRAGRANS, Seem. Rev. Hed. 73. A tree 40-60 feet
high ; all parts glabrous. leaves large, the lower often 3 feet across,
pinnately decompound, the pinnae with a pair of opposite leaflets at
their forks; leaflets ovate or ovate-oblong, acute or acuminate; the
base slightly oblique, not narrowed; variable in size (2°5-5 in. long,
and 1°5-2°5 in. broad) ; petiolules of lateral leaflets -1--2 in. long, that
of the terminal one ‘8-1 in. Panicles terminal, longer than the leaves;
flowers small, whitish-tomentose, in small condensed umbels, their
pedicels under °25 in. long; fruit compressed, sub-reniform, sub-
glabrous, slightly glaucous, ‘35 in. across. Brandis For. Flora 249 ;
Kurz For. Flora Burma, I, 541; Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. II,
734. Panaz fragrans, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 21; Flor. Ind. II, 76; Wall.
Cat. 4929; DC. Prodr. IV, 254 (excl. syn. of Don).

_Anpaman Istanps; King’s Collector. Disvris. Brit. India, Java,
China. :

9. Brassaropsis, Decne. & Planch.

Large shrubs or trees, glabrous or tomentose, armed or not. Leaves
digitate or palmate or angled; stipules connate within the petiole, not
prominent.. Umbels in large compound panicles, young parts at least
stellately tomentose; bracts not large, often persistent; pedicels rising
from a dense cluster of persistent bracteoles, not jointed under the
often polygamous flowers. Calyx 5-toothed. Petuls 5, valvate. Stamens
5. Ovary 2-celled; styles 2, united, long or short. Fruit broadly
globose or turbinate, 2- or (by abortion) I-seeded. Seed not com-
pressed; albumen ruminated. Dusters. Species 11; Northern Brit.
India to Java. <a . |

Brassaiorsis paLmata, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XXXIX,

405

62 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

(1870) Pt. II, 77. A small sparingly prickly tree with simple stem
slightly branched near the top; young shoots covered with tawny or
rusty scurfy tomentum. Leaves crowded at the ends of the stem and
branches, large, 9-15 in. across, coriaceous, rotund in general outline,
cordate at the base, palmately lobed about half or more than half way
down; the lobes 5-9, oblong, or sometimes sinuate towards the base, acumi-
nate, serrate; upper surface glabrous, lower sub-glabrous; the petiole
10-20 in. long, without prickles, scurfy-tomentose when young, ultimately
glabrous. Inflorescence rusty-tomentose, terminal, panicled, the ultimate
branches bearing many-flowered bracteolate umbels; flowers ‘15 in.
across, their pedicels ‘5—'7 in. long; rim of calyx narrow, irregularly
toothed. Fruit broadly elliptic or turbinate, terete, 3 in. long, as large
as a pea, crowned by the slender column of connatestyles; cocci 1 or 2,
with chartaceous pericarp, l-seeded. Kurz For. Flor. Burma J, 537;
Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. Ind. IT, 735. Panazx palmatum, Roxb.
Hort. Beng. 21; Flor. Ind. II, 74. Hedera polycantha, Wall. Pl. As. Rar.
II, t. 190; Cat. 4907 B.

This species is closely allied to B. Hainla, Seem., from which it
differs chiefly in having leaves with deeper narrower more serrate
lobes, and also in having rusty instead of pale tomentum on the
young shoots and inflorescence. Thetwo are in my opinion rather too
closely allied to be kept distinct as species. In his distribution, Wallich
issued both under the name Hedera polycantha and the number 4907.

Perak; Scortechini 17, 146; Ridley 3018; King’s Collector 2598.
Disrris. Brit. India, along the base of the Himalaya; Assam and
Burma,

Var. andamanica, lubes of leaves obovate-oblong, the edges almost
entire; inflorescence a narrow panicle nearly as long as the leaves.
Araliopsis andamanica, Kurz in Andaman Report, App. B, 9.

ANDAMAN Istanps ; Kurz, King’s Collectors.

10. Heperopsis, C. B. Clarke.

A glabrous unarmed tree. Leaves 1—3-foliolate; leaflets lanceolate,
denticulate or nearly entire; base of petiole much dilated; stipules
inconspicuous. Umbels panicled; bracts and bracteoles deciduous ,
pedicels jointed close under the flowers. Calyx margined, somewhat
prominently 5-toothed. Petals 5, valvate. Stamens 5. Ovary 5-celled ;
styles connate. Fruit berried, large, sub-globose, crowned by the stout
persistent style. Seeds 5-4; albumen ruminated.

Heperopsis Marneayi, Clarke in Hook. fil. Flor. Br. India, II, 739.
Leaflets of the compound leaves membranous, ovate-lanceolate, acumi-
nate, narrowed at the base, nerves faint, length 3-5 in., breadth 1°5-2

406

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 63

in., petiolules ‘1-2 in. Simple leaves as long as 8'5 in. and about 4 in.
broad; petiole 1-2 inches. Inflorescence a panicle of umbels with
puberulous--peduncles 1 in. or more long. Calyz-tube sub-globular,
puberulous. Petals ovate-lanceolate, spreading, ‘15 in. long. Fruit (un-
ripe) more than ‘5 in. long, including the conical disc and persistent
style.

Matacca ; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 683.

This plant has not been collected since Maingay’s time, and it is known only
from his fragmentary specimens.

11. Tuprpantuus, H, f. & T.

A large glabrous shrub, at first erect but afterwards a lofty
climber. Leaves digitate ; leaflets glabrous, leathery, entire; stipules
connate within the petiole. Inflorescence a compound umbel or small
panicle ; pedicels thick, not jointed under the flowers. Calyx-margin
obsolete. Petals closely connate, falling offina cap. Stamens very many,
in two or several series. Ovarian cells and stigmas very numerous;
the latter sessile, radiating, crowded but not connate. Fruit globose,
depressed, succulent.

TUPIDANTHUS CALyPprratus, Hook. fil. and Thoms. in Bot. Mag. t.
4908. Leaflets 7-9, oblong or oblong-obovate, acute or blunt, 4-7 in.
long, and 1:75-3°5 in. broad, the petiolules 1-2 in.; the common
petiole 6-15 in. Inflorescence umbellate, 3-4-branched; the branches
stout, short and with large coriaceous bracts at their bases; the
ultimate umbels with 3-7 pedicellate flowers nearly 1 in. across; calyx-
tube glabrous, thickly coriaceous. Stamens 50-70, crowded. Fruit
sub-globose, succulent, 1°25-1°5 in. in diam. when ripe. Seem, Rev.
Hed, 6; Clarke in Hook. fil, Flor.Br. Ind. II, 740.

Perak; on Gunong Ulu Sungei, elevat. 4500 feet; Wray 1594.
Distris. Burma; Khasia Hills and probably Java,

Mr. Wray’s specimens were collected at an elevation much higher than this

species ever ascends to in British India. They have smaller leaves with blant
leaflets, but are otherwise indistinguishable from the British Indian plant.

407

Purr. 25 4
WHAERASERY CT Mag

From the Journal, Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. LXIX. Part II, No. iF
1900.

I—Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula—By Sir Grorce
Kine, K.C,1.E., M.B., LL.D., F.R.S., &c., late Superintendent of the
Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta.

No. Ll.

After about two years of unavoidable delay, I am now able to offer
to the Society a further contribution towards the completion of these
Materials. The paper now submitted gives an account of the natural
order which, in the sequence hitherto followed, falls to be numbered
XLVII. Anaccount of the family Myrtacez which ought, according
to that sequence, to have immediately preceded this one of Melastomacess
is now in preparation, and will I hope before long be ready for pregen-
tation to the Society. The present paper is not entirely my own
work, the account of the genus Sonerila having been most kindly
prepared for me by Dr. O. Stapf, First Assistant in the Royal Herbarium,
Kew, whose contributions to the Botany of Borneo, published by the
Linnean Society of London, have already marked him as an authority
on the Malayan Flora.

Order XLVII. MELASTOMACEZ.

Herbs or shrubs, more rarely trees or climbers. Leaves opposite
or rarely whorled, generally petioled, entire or nearly so, often
palmately 3-5-7-nerved from near the base to the apex (mostly pinnate-
veined in Memecylon) ; stipules 0. Flowers spiked, panicled or cymose,

409

~

Z Materials fur w Flora of the Mulayan Peninsula.
rarely solitary or fascicled, regular, hermaphrodite. Calyz-tube united
by vertical walls to the ovary, rarely nearly free; limb usually 4-5-
(sometimes 3- or 6-)lobed, or truncate, rarely falling off im a cap.
Petals as many as the calyx-lobes, contorted in bud, inserted on the
margin of the calyx-limb. Stamens as many as or more than (frequently
twice as many as) the petals, inserted with them ; alternate stamens
often shorter, sometimes rudimentary, filaments bent inwards in the
bud; anthers opening at the summit by one or two pores, rarely by slits
down the face ; connective often appendaged near the base by bristles,
tubercles or a spur. Ovary 4-5- (rarely 3- or 6-)celled (in Memecylon
1-celled) ; style simple, filiform, rarely short ; ovules very many (except
in Memecylon) ; placentas axile, parietal or free central. Fruit included
in the calyx-tube, capsular or berried, breaking up irregularly or by
slits through the top of its cells. Seeds minute, very many (in
Memecylon one only); albumen 0; cotyledons short (or in some of the
Memecylew long, thin and convolute).—Dtstris. Species about 2700,
tropical, with a few subtropical ; mostly in America, but many in south-
east Asia, and a few in Africa and Polynesia.

Suporper 1. Menastomes. Ovary 3-6-celled. Ovules very mauy,
on placentas radiating from the axis. Seeds very many. <Anthers
opening by a single terminal pore (rarely by 2).

Tribe I. OsBECKIEx. Seeds curved through half a circle, minutely punctate.
Stamens all nearly alike. Fruit a berry “Es -. 1. OTaANTHERA.
Stamens very unequal eee = ee .. 2. MELASTOMA.
Tribe II. OxysporEx. Seeds straight, oblong or cuneate, raphe often ex-
current. Ovary with the vertex usually free, conical. Petals more than 3. In-
florescence not scorpioid. Fruit capsular.
* Inflorescence terminal (see also Ochthocharis).

Panicles broad, often coloured... ee ... & OXYSPORA.

Panicles narrow. Flowers minute 1 ... 4, ALLOMORPHIA.
** Inflorescence axillary, stamens equal, saeosee minute.

Stamens 4... a aes Bias we. 0. BLASTUS.

Stamens 10 ree asp es .. 6, OCHTHOCHARIS.

Stamens 8... ane aoe cS -- 7 ANERINCLEISTUS.

Tribe IIT. Sonertnex. Seeds straight, oblong or cuneate, often angular,
raphe sometimes excurrent. Ovary flattened or depressed at the vertex. Fruit
capsular.

Petals 3. Inflorescence scorpioid sa ... 8. SONERILA.

Petals 4. Flowers in a long-pedancled head . 9, PHYLLAGATHIS.

Tribe 1V. MeEpINILLEX. Seeds straight, cuneate or obovate, often angular.
Connective often appendaged near the base. Fruit baccate.

* Longer stamens having two long bristles attached to the
base of the connective in front,

Cymes lateral 33 oe oes ... 10. MARUMIA.
Panicles terminal ae ee 6 ... Ll. DisSocHETA,
4}0

Materials for « Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 3

*% Longer stamens having the connective at base variously
appendaged but not with two long bristles in front (equal and with
two short bristles in one species.)
Four vertical plates on the ovary eee .. 12, ANPLECTRUM,
*#* Stamens equal or nearly so.
Connective not at all or very shortly produced at the base,

but having 2 tabercles in front and a spur behind .. 13. MmDINILLA.
Anthers not produced at the base ; connective with tufted
beard at the base behind but not spurred ... -.. 14, PoGONANTHERA,

Connective not produced at the base and with no ap-
pendages in front, but minutely spurred behind, not
bearded . bes a: ... 15, PACHYCENTRIA.
sesdniicn IL. orion Ovary 4-5-celled; ovules very many
on parietal nearly basal placentas. Seeds very many. Anthers short,
opening by slits. Fruzt baccate.
Calyx-tube smooth. Panicles terminal eve ... 16, ASTRONIA.
Calyx-tube verrucose. Cymes small cee ... 17. PTERNANDRA,
SuporDER III. Memecytez. Ovary 1-celled; ovules about 9 ona
basal short free-central placenta. Stamens equal; anthers short, open-
ing by pores or short slits. Berry 1-seeded.—Leaves usually pinnate-

nerved.

Stamens 8 a ee . 18. Memecyrton.

1. OvantTHeErRa, Blume.

Slender shrubs. Leaves membranous, entire, 3-5-nerved. Panicles
terminal or sub-terminal, lax, cymose, few-flowered. Calyx bearing on
its ovoid tube simple or tufted bristles, rarely glabrous, the lobes 5 or 6,
equal to or shorter than the tube, deciduous. Petals 5-6, obovate, the
apex rounded or acute. Stamens subequal, 10-12; anthers opening
by a terminal pore, not beaked, the connective not produced at the
base, or slightly biauriculate in front. Ovary half-inferior, with 5 or 6
bristles at its apex, d-6-celled ; style filiform, simple ; ovules numerous
on axile placentas. Fruit 5-6-celled, baccate. Seeds small, curved,
punctate. Duisrris. .Species 7 or 8; Malaya, Burma, Philippines, N.
Australia.

Calyx-tube bearing simple bristles ase -- 1. O. celebiea.
Calyx-tube quite glabrous “ eee 2. O. nicobarensis.

1. OvTANTHERA CELEBICA, ene Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1,56. Leaves
narrowly elliptic, shortly acuminate: upper surface sparsely strigose,
the nerves giabrous, lower usually glabrous, the main nerves (and
sometimes the minor also) with sub-adpressed bristles: length 2:25-3°5
in., breadth *5-1'5 in., petioles ‘2-4 in. long. Calyx-tube with simple
acuminate bristles often bulbous at the base, the teeth setose. Naud., .

Ann. Sc. Nat, Ser. 3, XIII, 353; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 342.
411

4 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

AnpaMAN IsLanpDs; common, King’s Collectors. Distris. Celebes,

2. OTANTHERA NICOBARENSIS, Teysm. et Binn. Pl. Nov. Hort. Bogor.
29. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-ovate, acuminate, upper surface sparsely
strigose, the nerves glabrous ; lower glabrous except the strigose nerves ;
length 3 to 4°5 in., breadth 1:25 to 2 in., petioles 5 tol in. Calya-tube
quite glabrous ; the teeth sub-ciliate. C.B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br.
Ind. II, 522; Kurz, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1576, pt. II, 131; Cogn. in
DC, Mon. Phan. VII, 342.

Nicopar Isuanps; Novara Expedition.

This has been collected only by the botanists of the Austrian expedition.
It is the only species of the genus with a glabrous calyx.

2. Menastoma, Linn.

Scaly, strigose or villous shrubs. Leaves petioled, oblong or lanceo-
late, entire, 3-7-nerved. Flowers terminal, solitary, clustered or panicled,
rose or purple, 5- (rarely 6-7-) merous. Oalyx-tube ovoid or campanu-
late, with simple (rarely with penicillate) hairs, lobes deciduous. Petals
equal in number to the calyx-lobes. Stamens twice as many as the
petals, very unequal, alternate longer ones with purple anthers having
the connective long-produced at the base and terminating in two lobes, the
shorter ones having yellow anthers, the connective not produced but
with two tubercles in front. Ovary ovoid, more or less united to the
calyx-tube, 5- (rarely 6-7-) celled, apex bearing bristles ; style filiform,
simple; ovules very numerous, placentas axile. Frat berried, succulent
or coriaceous, enveloped in the calyx-tube, bursting irregularly. Seeds
minute, very many, curved through half a circle, minutely punctate.—
Disrris. Species 40; Asia, North Australia and Polynesia.

Calyx-tube densely covered with long, flexuose, spreading,

shining, coloured bristly hairs ‘25 to ‘5 in, long ; young

branches, petioles, and pedicels with stiff spreading

bristles ; flowers 2 to 3 in. in diam. es . 1. M. decemfidum.
Calyx-tube, young branches, petioles and padiosts wth

adpressed, lanceolate acuminate, serrulate scales: cymes

condensed, flowers 1°25 in. across Be .. 2. M. imbricatum.
Calyx-tube densely clothed with linear acuminate, entire

or serrate scales, those of the young branches, petioles

and pedicels shorter and broader; corymbs with

deciduous (often large) bracts; flowers 2 to 3 in. across

(only 1°25 in var. perakensis) ... .. $8. M. malabathricum.

1. MELASTOMA DECEMFIDDM, Bast. untae Beng. 90; FI. Ind. II,
406. A shrub, 5 to 10 feet high; young branches at the nodes and

near the tips, petioles and pedicels with numerous stiff, spreading

bristles. Leaves narrowly-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,

3- to 5-nerved ; the upper surface smooth except for a few scattered
412

- Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 5

adpressed hairs, the lower glabrous, glandular-punctate; length 2°5
to 5 in,, breadth *6 to 1°8 in.; petiole ‘25 to 5in.long. Flowers solitary
or two or three together, bright purple, 2 to 3 in. in diam., the bracts
few, short, acuminate; pedicels under *5in. COalyx-tube densely covered
with long, flexuose, shining, coloured, bristly hairs; ‘25 to ‘5 in. long,
the teeth rather shorter than the tube, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,
glabrous inside, deciduous. fruit ‘75 in. in diam., truncate at the apex,
ovoid to ovoid-globular, ‘5 in. in diam, Jack in Trans. Linn. Soc. XIV,
(1822) 6; DC, Prodr. III, 146; Naud., Aun. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XIII, 282;
Bl. Mus. Bot. I, 55; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 345. M. sanguineum,
Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 2241; DC. Prodr. III, 145; Don in Mem. Wern.
Soc. IV, 289; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. T, 504; Naud. lc. 281; Triana
in Trans. Linn. Soc. 60; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 524;
Hemsl. in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXITI, 300. MM. malabathrica, Sims in Bot.
Mag. (not of Linn.) 529. M. Gaudichaudianum, Naud. lec. 278.
M. macrocarpum, Naud. |.c. 281 (not of Don). M. porphyreum, Bipp. et
Bl. in Flora 1831, II, 487. M. pedicellatum, Naud. l.c, 280; Cogn. in
DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 346.

Penane; Wallich 4042! King, Ourtis 683. Matacca; Griffith
(K.D.) 2245/1! Maingay 773, 774! Ridley 3228. Panana; Ridley 2667.
Kepau; Ridley 5211. Perak; Scortechini 2123! King’s Collector 1540,
1853, 8754. Distris. Burma, China, Hongkong, Tonkin.

Var. mollis, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 524. Young branches
very hispid throughout their whole length; leaves with numerous sub-
adpressed and spreading stiff hairs on both surfaces, especially on the
nerves. Vidal Syn. Pl. Filip. t. 51; fig. D. M. molle, Wall. Cat. 4046 ;
Triana in Linn. Trans. XXVIII, 60; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan.
VII, 346. M. crinitum, Naud. le. 524. M. malabathricum Blanco, FI.
Filip. Ed. III, tab. 152 (not of Linn.).

Srncapore; Wallich. Distrip. Luzon; Ouming 853.

2. Metastoma mmpricatuM, Wall. Cat. 4047, A spreading shrub,
5 to 15 feet high; young branches (especially at the nodes and tips),
petioles, pedicels and calyx covered with adpressed, lanceolate acuminate,
serrulate scales. Leaves elliptic-oblong to ovate-oblong, rather abruptly
narrowed at the base, the apex acute or acuminate; main nerves 5
(the two lateral slender) ; both surfaces strigose, the main nerves on
the lower with adpressed scales; length 3°5 to 85 in. breadth 1:5
to 4°5 in., petiole 35 to 1:35 in. Oymes solitary, terminal, condensed,
15 to 2 in. in diam., enclosed in bud by deciduous, lanceolate bracts
and bracteoles. Flowers 7 to 15, 1°25 in. in diam.; the pedicels *15 in.
long. Calyx-tube urceolate, the teeth shorter than the tube, lanceolate-
acuminate, deciduous. Petals oblong. Anthers short. Fruit ovoid-
globose or sub-globose, truncate and shortly toothed at the mouth,

413

6 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

pulpy, ‘8 in. in diam. when ripe. Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII,
60; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 524; Cogn. in DC. Mon.
Phan. VII, 355. M. obovatum var. oblongum, Bl. ex Triana lc. 60.

Perak; Scortechint 162! King’s Collector 444, 6023, 8696, 10946 !
Wray 2980. Psnane; Wallich, Curtis. Distr1s. Sumatra, Forbes 2072 !
Brit. India (Khasia and Assam) ; ‘Tonquin.

Easily recognised by its condensed cymes and rather small flowers,

3. MELASTOMA MALABATHRICUM, Linn. Sp. Pl. 559. <A spreading
shrub, 3 to 6 feet high; young branches, petioles and pedicels densely
clothed with rather short, acute to acuminate, often serrulate scales,
Leaves ovate-lanceolate, ovate-oblong or elliptic, the apex acute or shortly
acuminate, petioles short, 3- to 5-nerved (the marginal pair when
present slender); both surfaces strigose, the hairs sparser on the upper
and pale; on the lower the hairs more uumerous (especially on the
minor nerves) and darker, the main nerves clothed with broad-based
acuminate scales: length 2 to 5°5 in., breadth ‘75 to 2°5 in.; petioles
‘2 to‘5 in, long. Corymbs terminal, few-flowered, enveloped in bud by
large, deciduous, ovate-cordate bracts; flowers 2 to 3 in. across, the
pedicels -2 to ‘4 in. long. Calyx; the tube cylindric-campanulate,
densely clothed externally with linear acuminate, entire or serrate, pale
scales, almost glabrous within ; the teeth shorter than the tube (rarely
equal to it), acute or abruptly acuminate, the apex deciduous, scaly only
near the midribs. Flowers 2 to 3in. across. Petals purple. Fruit sub-
globular, truncate, pulpy, *25 in. in diam. when dry. DC. Prodr. IIT,
145; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 33 ; Fl. Ind. 11, 405; Wall. Cat. 4040; Bl. Bijdr.
1076; Bot. Reg. t. 672; W. and A. Prodr. 324; Wight Ill. t. 95;
Dalz. and Gibs., Bomb. F].92; Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XIII, 285 ;
Thwaites Enum. 106 (a and #); Benth. Fl. Aust. III, 293; C. B.
Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 523; Kurz, For. Fl. I, 503, not of
Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 507; Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XIII,
273; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 349. M. affine, D. Don in Mem.
Wern. Soc. IV, 288; DC. Prodr. ITI, 145. M. obvolutum, Jack in Trans.
Linn. Soc. XIV, 3; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 348. M. articulatum,
M. heterostegium, M. novee-hollandiz and M. sechellarum, Nand. in Ann.
Sc, Nat. Ser. 3, XIII, 285, 286 and 290. M. velutinum, Seem. Fl. Vit.
90. M. Banksii, Cunn. ex Triana. Trembleya rhinanthera, Griff. Not.
LV, 677.

In all the provinces. Dustais. British India and Malayan
Archipelago, W. China, Seychelle Islands, N. Caledonia, N. Australia.

A widely distributed species varying in reality very little in localities widely
separated. The differences have however been taken as the bases of many bad and
doubtful species. In his Flora Australiensis, Mr. Bentham remarks (and apparently
with justice) that the whole twenty-four species described by Naudin in Ann. Se.

414

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 7

Nat. Ser. 3, XIII, pp. 283 to 293; should be reduced here. It is not without
reluctance that I give four varieties as follows :— .

Var. 1. polyantha, Benth. FJ. Aust. III, 292. Bracts of inflores-
cence small and very early deciduous or altogether abseut; teeth of
calyx usually short ; leaves not exceeding 2°5 in. in length. M. polyan-
thum, Blume in Flora for 1831, 480; Mus. Bot, I, 52, t.6; Naudin in
Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 3, XIII, 287; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 502;
Triana in Linn. Trans. XX VII, 59; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br.
Ind, III, 523. M. brachyodon, Naud. l.c. 292; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I,
570, t. 8, fig. A. M. malabathricum, Desr. in Lam. Encye. Bot. IV, 36;
Ill. Gen. tab. 361, f.1; Jack in Linn, Trans. XIV, 4, fig. 1, a tog;
Poir. Dict. IV, 37; Bl. Bijdr. 1070. WM. erecta, Jack l.c. 5; DC. Prodr.
III, 145. M. tidorense, Bl. in Flora 1831, p. 482, Mig. lc. 514.
M. Royenit, Bl. l.c. 483. M. tondanense, Bl. Mus. Bot. I, 54. M. Hom-
bronianum, M. oliganthuwm and M. microphyllum, Naud. lc. 278, 292
and 293.

AnpDAMANS ; King’s Collector. Sinaarore ; Anderson, King. Matacca;
King. Penanc; Curtis, King. Distris. Burma, N. China, Sumatra,
Java and other islands in the Malay Archipelago, Luzon, N. Australia.

Var. 2. adpressa, C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 523.
Leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate, smaller than in the typical plant and
with harsher pubescence. M. adpressum, Beuth. in Wall. Cat. 4081,
Naud. |.c. XIII, 27 ; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 349. M. anophan-
thum, Naud. l.c. 277.

Matacea ; Maingay 771 to 773 in Herb., Kew. Penance; Wallich,
King, Curtis. Province WELLESLEY; Curtis.

This is scarely worthy of separation as a variety. It is slightly smaller and more
strigose than the type and differs from VAR. polyanthwm, so far as I can see, only by
the large size of the bracts of the inflorescence.

Var. 3. normalis, King. Hairs of both surfaces very numerous, those
of the upper sub-adpressed, of the lower sub-spreading, softer (almost
silky); calyx-teeth long, adpressed hairy within. M, normale, Don
Prodr. Fl. Nep. 220; DC. Prodr. III, 145 ; Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 3,
XIII, 289; Kurz, For, Flora I, 504; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br,
Ind. II, 524; Triana in DC. Mon. Phan. VIII, 352. M. Wallichii, DC.

lic. 146. M. napalense, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 707. M. pelagicwm, Nand.

le, 279. M. longifolium, Naud. lc. 293.

In most of the provinces.

Var, 4. perakensis, King. Leaves more or less broadly elliptic,
5- to 7-nerved, the upper surfaces strigose (semetimes nearly glabrous
in old specimens), the lower softly and rather densely pubescent;
branches, petioles and pedicels with long, spreading, rather soft hairs;
calyx-tube densely clothed with long, flexuose, soft, often ciliate setae,

415

8 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

the lobes large, adpressed strigose on both surfaces: flowers occasionally
only 1:25 in. in diam.

Perak; Ridley 2935! Curtis 1298! Wray 1733, 1883! King’s
Collector 2173, 2091, 8463! Scortechini 780. Sinearore; Hullet 5728.
SenancorE; Ridley 1996. Distrris. Java; Forbes 1142a.

This has broader leaves more softly hairy than vAR. normalis. The bristles of
the calyx are much longer than in any other form of M. malabathricum and approach in
number, length and density those of M. sanguinewm, Don. A form of this from Perak,
with the calyx-hairs shorter than the type, connects it with M. imbricatum, Wall.

3. Oxyspora, DC.

Large spreading shrubs with drooping branches terminated by
large, lax, almost naked panicles of rose-purple flowers. Leaves opposite,
long-petioled, large, 5- to 7-nerved, ovate, acuminate, Panicle long, lax,
sometimes narrow, the branches decussate, the flowers on the branchlets
not glomerulate, bracts very small. Calya-twbe ovate, cylindric or
funnel-shaped, its teeth 4, short, triangular. Stamens 8, four large with
elongated anthers and four small, or all equal, opening by a single
apical pore; the base produced and bilobed, the connective with or
without an appendage. Ovary inferior, 4-celled, its apex glabrous ;
style simple, elongate ; ovules numerous ; the placentas axile, radiating.
Capsule dry, elongate, double fusiform, with 8 ribs. Seeds numerous,
falcate ; the raphe lateral, produced at the apex into a point in front.
Disrris. Seven species, Indian and Malayan.

Anthers dissimilar ; petioles not winged Sas we de O; stellutata.
Anthers similar :—
Petioles not winged Bre at w. 2. O. acutangula.
3 winged iY, tele ww» 8 O. Curtisit.
NOTE.

The genera Allomorphia and Oxyspora were so difficult of separation even before
the discovery of the new species herein described (viz., A. alata, Scort., O. acutangula
and O. Curtisii) that Baillon (Hist. des Plantes VII, 48) united them. In Baillon’s
time Oxyspora was distinguished mainly by having four of its eight stamens much
larger than ‘and differently coloured from the other four. The three older species
(all British Indian) O. paniculata, O. vagans, and O. cernua and the new Malayan
one O. stellulata have this character, which would form an excellent head-mark for
the genus if it did not break down. The character, however, does break down, for
in the two Malayan plants here published as O. acutangula and 0. Curtisii the eight
anthers are all equal, although in all other respects these plants have the facies of
the older species of Oxyspora. I have referred these to Oxyspora as preferable to
the alternative course of putting them into Allomorphia, and I have therefore, in
order to admit them, modified the generic character of Oxyspora as regards anthers.
Oxyspora, as here defined, thus depends for its separation as a genus on its open
paniculate inflorescence and long double fusiform boldly-ridged capsules, while
Allomorphia is characterised by shortly-branched panicles, on the ultimate branchlets

416

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 9

of which the flowers are clustered in pseudo-glomeruli, while the capsules are not
much longer than broad and are often urn-shaped.

1. Oxyspora sTELLULATA, King, n. sp. A shrub, 15 to 20 feet high ;
young branches, petioles, inflorescence and calyx-tube covered with pale,
minute, stellate-hairy scales. Leaves somewhat unequal, ovate, slightly
cordate at the rounded base, the apex shortly apiculate, 7-nerved (the
middle nerve very strong) ; both surfaces free from hairs, but (especially
the upper) with numerous minute hairy scales most numerous on the
nerves, the transverse veins on the lower very distinct and straight ;
length 5 to 9 in.; breadth 2°25 to 45 in.; petiole 1:25 to 4in. Panicle
solitary, terminal, longer than the leaves ; the branches in pairs, divari-
cate ; flowers in umbels of 4 to 6 on the ultimate branchlets. Oalyx-tube
funnel-shaped, sub-tetragonous, the mouth with four small triangular
teeth, narrowed at the base into the short pedicel. Petals 4, orbicular-
ovate, blunt, glabrous. Stamens 8, very unequal, four linear, purple and
twice as long as the other 4 short, yellow. Disc of 4 incurved plates.
Ovary 4-winged. Capsule clavate, opening by 4 broad truncate valves ;
seeds minute, shortly beaked.

Perak ; Scortechini 249 in part ! King’s Collector 418, 2851! Wray
1224. Distrip. Sumatra, Forbes 3034.

2. OXYSPORA ACUTANGULA, King, n. sp. A bush; young branches
boldly 4-angled, glabrous. Leaves elliptic-oblong, somewhat narrowed
to the rounded base, the apex acute, 5-nerved ; upper surface glabrous,
the lower minutely lepidote-pubescent on the nerves and veins; length
4 to 6 in., breadth 1°75 to 2°5 in., petiole ‘6 to ‘75 in., minutely lepidote.
Panicle solitary, terminal, usually somewhat shorter than the leaves,
broadly pyramidal, lepidote-puberulous, many-flowered, Flowers (in-
cluding the stamens) ‘5 in. long. Calyz-tube funnel-shaped, minutely
rufous-stellate lepidote, the mouth with 4 small triangular teeth.
Petals 4, glabrous, broadly ovate, blunt. Stamens 7 or 8, equal, lanceo-
late, acuminate, slightly curved, the lobes at the base short, rounded,
appendages none, but a grooved, narrow process on the back of the
connective in the lower half. Capsule ovoid, narrowed to the equally
long pedicel, 8-ridged, glabrous, the mouth with an everted rim, ‘25 in.
long.

Perak; Wray 329.

3. Oxyspora Curtis, King. A shrub; branchlets bluntly 4-angled
not winged, puberulous. Leaves ovate-acuminate, the base rounded, not
passing into the petiole, 7-nerved, upper surface sparsely strigose,
minutely lepidote, the lower glabrous, the edges glandular-serrulate ;
length 5 to 7 in., breadth 3 to 4 in., petioles 1:5 to 2°5, broadly winged,
the wing much expanded at the base and joining that of the opposite
leaf. Panicle solitary, terminal, spreading, longer than the leaves, with

417

10 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

numerous 4-angled branches, bracteate, everywhere minutely lepidote ;
the larger branches bearing a pair of very unequal bracts near the base
exactly like the stem-leaves but smaller. Flowers on slender pedicels
as long as the calyx-tube, COalyx-tube cylindric, 8-ribbed, tapering to
base and apex; the mouth expanded and truncate but with 4 minute
teeth. Petals 4, as long as the scaberulous filaments. Stamens 8, much
exserted; the anthers longer than the filaments and longer than the
calyx-tube, linear, acuminate, very slightly lobed at the base and
inappendiculate. Capsules fusiform, ‘2 in. long, much expanded at
the mouth.
PERAK; Curtis 1300.

The only specimen of this which I have seen is in Mr. Curtis’s Herbarium.

The species resembles Allomorphia alata, Scort. in its eight equal stamens, in
the shape of its leaves and in its winged petioles ; but differs in its more elongated
capsules (which are fusiform instead of globose), in its larger laxer panicles and in
its conspicuously bristle-serrate leaves. The two species just described form very
marked connecting links between the genera Allomorphia and Owyspora.

4, AL LoMORPHIA, Blume.

Shrubs, tall or short. Leaves opposite, long-petioled, large, lanceo-
late, ovate or orbicular, nerved, glabrous or nearly so. Panicles terminal,
compound, with small flowers in clustered whorls. Calyx-tube funnel-
shaped or campanulate, limb of 3 or 4 very short lobes. Petals 3 or 4,
rose or white, small. Stamens 6 or 8, nearly equal; anthers attenuated
at the top with one pore, cells long-produced and diverging at their
bases; connective without appendage. Ovary 3- (rarely 4-) celled,
enclosed by but nearly free from the calyx-tube; style filiform, simple ;
ovules very many, placentas axile, 2-fid. Capsule small, dry, not much
longer than broad, usually urn-shaped, ribbed, opening at the top by 3-4
valves. Seeds very many, narrowly obtrapezoidal. Duistris. Species 5:

whereof 4 are from the Malay Peninsula and its attached islands; 1
from Canton.

Petioles not winged :—

Calyx-tube with 3 or 4 teeth; stamens unequal; anthers sagittate
at base; capsule ribbed ..,

att see .. Ll. A, exigua,
Calyx-tube without teeth ; stamens equal; anthers only slightly
lobed at the base ; capsules not ribbed nish wv. 2. A. Wrayi.

Petioles winged :—
Branches of the panicle winged ; capsule sub-globular ww. &. A, alata,

1. ALLOMORPHIA ExIGUA, Blume in Flora 183], II, 523. A shrub,
2 to 10 feet high; branches slender, subangular, puberulous or glabrous.
Leaves elliptic-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, those of the same

pair often unequal in size; the base rounded or narrowed, not cordate ;
418 ane : |

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsuia. il

upper surface very sparsely strigose (glabrous in old leaves) ; the lower
glabrous, pale, the transverse nerves prominent; length 4°5 to 11 in. ;
breadth 1°5 to 5 in.; petiole "75 to4in. Panicle usually solitary, ter-
minal, often longer than the leaves, lax, minutely rusty-pubescent ; bracts
Sensei or oblong, deciduous ; the flowers ‘1 in. long, shortly pedicel-
late, in stalked umbels on the ultimate branchlets or in subsessile
fascicles. Calyx rusty-puberulous, with 3 or 4 short broad teeth.
Stamens 6 or 8, alternately long and short, sagittate at the base and with
a small linear appendage behind. Petals 3 or 4, rosy. Capsule less than
‘1 in. long, boldly 6-ribbed. Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 310;
Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 74; OC. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. FI.
Br. Ind. II, 527 ; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 464, Melastoma exigua,
Jack in Trans. Linn. Soc. XIV, 10, tab. 1, fig. 2; DC. Prod. III, 149.
M. impuber, Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 405; Wall. Cat. 4048.

Matacca; Grigith 2263 & 4 (K.D.) ; Maingay 776 (K. D.); Harvey.
Penang; Wallich 4048 ; Curtis 399 ; Griffith ; King. Perak; Scortechini
227, 383 ; Wray 160; King’s Collector 450, 2302, 3106. DISTRIB.
aisles: Forbes 3062.

There is some variety in this plant as regards size and inflorescence. A slender
form, which never exceeds 2 or 3 feet in height and which has smaller leaves than the
type, seems worthy of separation as a variety. It appears to have been so recognised
by Wallich who, in distributing his Herbarium, distinguished it by the lettera. A
less distinctly marked form is one in which the flowers are grouped on the branches
of the inflorescence in dense almost sessile fascicles.

Var. minor, King. Leaves narrowly elliptic, tapering much to base
and apex, 2 to 45 in. long; inflorescence slender, few-flowered, very lax:
height only 2 to 3 feet.

Penang; Wallich, Cat. 4048a; Curtis 73. Perak; Scortechini
1702; Wray 161, 3414; King’s Collector 2302.

2. ALomorPpaiA Wrayl, King, n. sp. A shrub, 2 to 4 feet high;
branches and petioles with flexuose, spreading, ferruginous hairs,
Leaves 7-nerved, broadly ovate to rotund-ovate, the apex shortly and
abruptly acuminate, the base narrowed, the edges obscurely and minutely
bristle-toothed : upper surface very sparsely strigose or glabrous, often
with minute, brown scales on the chief nerves; lower glabrous;
length 5 to 9 in., breadth 3:5 to 5°5 in.; petiole 2°25 to 2°75 in. Panicles
solitary, axillary, slightly longer than the petioles but much shorter
than the leaves, glabrous or rusty puberulous towards the extremities:
the branches short, spreading, rather condensed when young, few
flowered. Calyx-tube widely campanulate, minutely rusty-puberulous or
almost glabrous, without ribs; the mouth truncate, slighly waved but
not toothed. Petals 4. Stamens 8, equal, the anthers lobed but not
sagittate at the base, the back with a slight supra-basal appendage

419

12 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Capsule glabrous, sub-globular, slightly contracted below the sub-mem-
branous truncate mouth, under ‘1 in. in diam.

Perak ; Wray 2483; King’s Collector 2061, 2380, 2773; Scortechint
50, 425. Penana; Curtis 2008.

A species allied to A. exigua, Bl. but with pubescent branches and petioles,
shorter and more contracted panicles, a wider, toothless calyx-tube, sub-globular
capsules and equal anthers only slightly lobed at the base. In Mr. Wray’s field-note
on his specimens he remarks that the flowers are white and the leaves dark shining
green above and crimson beneath.

3. Ax LomoRPHIA ALATA, Scortechini Mss. A glabrous shrub, 3 to 6
feet high; the branchlets broadly winged. Leaves ovate or elliptic-
ovate, the apex shortly acuminate; the base narrowed into the broadly-
winged petiole, 5-nerved; both surfaces glabrous, the edges shortly
bristle-toothed ; length 5 to 10 in., breadth 2°5 to 4°5 in., petiole *75 to
4 in. Panicle solitary, terminal, often nearly as long as the leaves, lax ;
its branches diverging, 4-angled and 4-winged, very minutely rusty
lepidote-puberulous. Flowers clustered in small umbels near the ends
of the branches, the bases of the umbels sometimes with a ring of

bracteoles aud minute imperfect flowers. Oalyx-tube cylindric-ovoid, the —

limb expanded and with 4 small, persistent teeth. Petals 4, twice as
long as the calyx-teeth but shorter than the filaments. Stamens 8, equal,
exserted, much longer than the calyx-tube. Anthers linear-acuminate,
longer than the scaberulous filaments, very slightly lobed at the base
and almost inappendiculate. Capsules sub-globular, 8-ribbed, glabrous,
the mouth truncate, diam. *1 in.

Perak ; Scortechini 236; Wray 1327; Curtis ; King’s Collector 572,
2047.

The leaves of the same pair differ, often considerably, in size.

5. Buastus, Lour.

Shrubs. Leaves membranous, petiolate, ovate- or oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, entire or sinuate-serrate, 3- to 5-nerved. Flowers small
4-merous, ebracteolate. Calyx-tube oblong-campanulate or shortly
oblong; the limb not expanded, truncate, minutely 4-lobed. Petals 4,
ovate, obtuse, glabrous, convolute into a cone before expansion. Stamens
4, equal, the filaments thin: anther incurved subulate, opening by a
single apical pore; basal lobes divaricate, the connective inappendicu-
late. Ovary adhering to the calyx, 4-celled; style filiform; stigma
punctiform. Capsule obovoid or sub-globular, slightly 4-grooved ;
dehisching slowly by 4 valves. Seeds minute, numerous, irregularly
recurved, reniform. Dusrris. 3 species in Malaya, China, Cochin China
and India.

420

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 13

Biastus Coeniavxtt, Stapf in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2311. A shrub, 6 to
10 feet high; young branches slender, as thick as a crow-quill, scaly,
glabrous or puberulous. Leaves equal, oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at
the base, the apex acuminate, 5-nerved (the marginal pair faint), the
edges sub-entire ; upper surface glabrous, with a few scattered, small
glands ; lower glandular-punctate, minutely furfuraceous on the nerves ;
length 4 to 7 in.; breadth 1 to 2°25 in., petiole °3 to *75 in. Panicles
axillary or terminal, slender, much shorter than the leaves, glandular-
scaly, the few divaricate branchlets bearing the flowers in dense terminal
glomeruli of 6 to 9. Calyx shortly tubular, scaly, the teeth minute. -
Anthers narrowly ovate with many small yellow glands near the base.
Capsule subglobular, truncate, ‘1 in. in diam., subglabrous; seeds
linear. Ochthocaris parviflora, Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan, VII, 421.

PERAK; common. Ditstris. Borneo.

This is closely allied to B. cochinchinensis, Lour., but differs notably in its
paniculate inflorescence,

6. OcuTHocHaRIs, Blume.

Small, erect, glabrous shrubs, branches round or obtusely 4-angled.
Leaves opposite, petioled, oblong or lanceolate, 3—7-nerved, minutely
denticulate-serrulate. Flowers minute, in axillary clustered cymes,
rarely in axillary lax cymes or in lax terminal cymose panicles. COulyz-
tube obovoid, smooth ; teeth 5, small, persistent. Petals 5. Stamens 8
or 10, equal; anthers oblong, obtuse at the top, opening with one pore,
at the base shortly produced or not; connective with or without an
appendage. Ovary inferior, 4- or 5-celled, glabrous at the apex ; style
simple, filiform; ovules very many, placentas axile. Capsule globose,
5-valved, enclosed by the membranous calyx-tube. Seeds very many,
irregularly club-shaped, Distris. Species 5 or 6, extending from Singa-
pore to Borneo.

Connective of anthers with no appendage at the base be-
hind :—

Flowers in a terminal panicle, 5-merous at ns

i fascicles, 4-merous <2 see

Connective of anthers with an appendage at the base be-

1. O. paniculata,
2. O. borneensis.

hind :—
Erect; flowers 5-merous; leaves 3-nerved we =8. O. javanica.
Decumbent; flowers 4-merous; 5- to 7-nerved... ee 4 O. decumbens.

1, OcHrHocHaris PANICULATA, Korth. in Verh. Nat. Gesch. Bot. 247

t, 64. A small shrub with slender quadrangular branches, rusty pubes-

cent towards the tips. Leaves membraneous, elliptic-lanceolate, tapering

to each end, the edges minutely bristle-serrate, 5- to 7-nerved (the

marginal pair faint) ; upper surface glabrous ; the lower somewhat pale,
421

14 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

scaly-puberulous on the nerves and prominent transverse veins; length
2°5.to 5 in., breadth 1:25 to 2 in., petiole °35 to 85 in. Panicle cymose,
terminal, spreading, less than half as long as the leaves; branches
opposite, pedicels unequal, bracteolate at the base, not quite so long as
the flowers. Petals 5, ovate-acuminate. Stamens 10, anthers oblong,
blunt, not produced at the base and with the connective inappendiculate.
Capsule depressed-globular, glabrous, with 5 shallow grooves, ‘2 in.
in diam. Blume Mus. Bot. I, 40; Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3, XV,
307, with fig.; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 556; Triana in Trans. Linn.
Soe. XXVIII, 74. C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 528;
Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 480. Melastoma oxyphyllum, Benth. in
Wall. Cat. 4083.

Singapore; Wallich. Duistris. Borneo.

2. OcHTHOCHARIS BORNEENSIS, Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I, 40.
A shrub, 3 or 4 feet high. Leaves membranous, elliptic-lanceolate,
5-nerved (the lateral pair small), acuminate, the base cuneate, the
edges minutely dentate, upper surface glabrous, the lower pale, minutely
and furfuraceously stellate-hairy on the main and rather prominent
tranverse nerves ; length 3 to 4°25in. ; breadth 1°25 tol-75in.; petioles
sparsely stellate-hairy, unequal, ‘3 to 18 in. long. Flowers in fascicles
of 4 to 7, from tubercles on the stem below the leaves; the buds
conical, ‘1 in. long; pedicels slender, ebracteolate, ‘25 to °3 in. long.
Petals 4, broadly ovate, narrowly acuminate. Stamens 8; the anthers
oblong, blunt, neither produced nor appendiculate at the base. Capsule
depressed-globular, glabrous, faintly 5-grooved, ‘2 in. in diam. Nand.
in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 307; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 480.
O. buruensis, Teysm. and Binn. in Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. XXV, 426;
Mig. in Ann. Bot. Lugd, Bat. I, 216.

Sincapore; Ridley 6221. Dusrris. Borneo, Molluccas.

3. OcuiHocHARIS JAVANICA, Blume in Flora 1831, 523. A shrub,
2 or 3 feet high. Leaves subcoriaceous, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,
acute, the base cuneate, 3-nerved ; both surfaces glabrous and with the
nerves indistinct; the lower rather pale when dry, the edges remotely
bristle-serrate; length 2 to 3°5 in.; breadth ‘6 to 1 in.; petiole ‘2
to 5 in. Cymes or fascicles about as long as the petioles, few-
flowered ; pedicels slender, minutely bracteolate at the base, ‘15 to *45 in,
long. Flower-buds ‘15 in. long, much pointed. Petals 5, broadly ovate,
abruptly acuminate. Anthers 5, twice as long as the filaments, minutely
spurred at the base behind. Capsule subglobular, with 5 shallow
grooves, glabrous, ‘15 to ‘2 in. in diam. ; the placentas persistent, woody,
rough on their outer surfaces. Naud.in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 307;
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 556; Kurz, For. Fl. I, 507. Triana Melast.
74, tab. VI, fig. 67; C. B.. Olakke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 528;

422

oe

eee

a a =

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 15

- Cogn. in DC, Mon. Phan, VII, 480. Melastoma? littoreum, Wall. Cat..

4087.

A sea-shore plant, Sincapore, JOHORE, Manacca, Perak. DIstRip.
Burma, Borneo, Java.

4. OCHTHOCHARIS DECUMBENS, King, n.sp. A creeping or decumbent
shrub, 3 to 5 feet long; stems as thick as a swan’s quill, rounded, often
rooting at the nodes. Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate,
shortly acuminate, rounded or cuneate at the base, the edges obscurely
bristle-serrate, 5-7-nerved ; upper surface glabrous ; the lower pale and
with a few minute, scattered scales; length 5 to 7°5 in.; breadth 2 to 3
in.; petioles unequal, stout, sparsely scaly, ‘5 to 1:25 in. long. Flowers
in dense, axillary cymes shorter than the petioles, the pedicels short,
bracteolate. Calyx-tube glabrous, faintly ribbed, the teeth 4, small,
Petals 4, broadly ovate, acuminate. Stamens 8; the anthers curved,
tapering to the truncate apex, slightly produced at the base and with a
minute tubercle behind. Capsule depressed-globose, glabrous, faintly
4-orooved, ‘18 in. in diam.

Perak ; King’s Collector, 2833, 10425.

7. ANERINCLEISTUS, Korth.

Shrubs ; branches often round, Leaves petioled, ovate or lanceolate,
entire, 3-7-nerved. Flowers small. Calyx-tube campanulate or funnel-
shaped; lobes 4, usually very small. Petals 4, minute, glabrous.
Stamens 8, equal; anthers attenuate at the top, opening by one pore,
scarcely produced at the base; connective with or without a short spur.
Ovary nearly free, 4-celled; style filiform, simple; ovules many.
Capsule splitting by 4 large valves at the summit. Seeds exceedingly
minute, cuneate-obovoid. Drstris. Species 9 or 10; Malaya and
Burma.

Inflorescence umbellate ; leaves small, oblong- or elliptic-lanceolate :—
Nearly glabrous in all its parts... ity w. Ll. A. macranthus.
More or less pilose :—
Calyx-tube mealy tomentose, the teeth narrow, glan-
dular ciliate on the edges... .. 2. A. Scortechinit.
Calyx-tube not tomentose but with many fot spreading

gland-tipped hairs, the teeth minute and without hairs 3. <A. Curtisit.
Inflorescence a large panicle ; leaves large, ovate :—

Panicle densely tomentose, leaves 7-nerved ... 4, A. floribundus.
Panicle clothed with short, flat, adpressed, scale-like hatte '
leaves 5-nerved ie scat .. 5. <A. sublepidotus.

1. ANERINCLEISTUS MACRANTHUS, King, n. sp. A small shrub;
young branches with pale lenticels, glabrous except for a few adpressed
hairs at the apices. Leaves nearly equal, elliptic-lanceolate, much
narrowed to the base, the apex shortly acuminate; both surfaces

. 423

16 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

glabrous, the lower pale when dry; length 2°5 to 4in., breadth ‘8 to
15 in. petiole ‘4 to ‘8 in., strigose. Umbels axillary or terminal,
usually solitary, 4— 5-flowered, on slender, sparsely strigose peduncles
shorter than the leaves. Flowers (including the stamens) ‘5 in. long.
Calyz-tube infundibuliform, sparsely adpressed-pilose, nearly as long
as the slender strigose pedicel; the mouth with 4 narrowly triangular
acuminate, erect, persistent teeth nearly as long as the tube. Petals
4, ovate, acuminate, glabrous, slightly longer than the calyx-teeth.
Stamens 8, slightly unequal, the alternate 4 shorter but of the same
shape as the longer 4, the base in all emarginate, scarcely lobed but
with a very short process behind. Scales of disc 4, their apices
broadly truncate and slightly toothed. Capsule globose-ovoid, ‘25 to
*3 in. long.

Perak; at elevations of 2000 to 4000 feet, Scortechini; Wray
297, 1621.

A species near to A. hirsutus, Korth., but differing in being glabrous and in
having larger flowers which, according to Mr. Wray, are pink. The umbels of this,
when in bad, are enclosed in oblong, deciduous, sparsely strigose bracts.

2. ANERINCLEISTUS ScorTECcHINIT, King, n. sp. A slender shrub,
3 to 4 feet high ; young branches, petioles and inflorescence with many
spreading and sub-adpressed, gland-tipped hairs. Leaves very unequal
(one of each pair very small), oblong, slightly narrowed to the rounded
base, the apex acuminate, the edges ciliate; main nerves 3 to 5, the
minor nerves transverse, rather faint; both surfaces usually glabrous,
the upper sometimes sparsely strigose, the main nerves on both and the
transverse on the lower surfaces bristle-hairy ; length of the larger leaf
of the pair 25 to 4 in., breadth *8 to 14 in.; petiole 3 to "4 in ; the
smaller leaf of the pair from one-fourth to one-half as large and sub-
sessile. Inflorescence axillary, solitary on a slender peduncle about as
long as the smaller leaf, umbellately cymose, 6- to 10-flowered. Calyz-
tube globose-campanulate, minutely mealy tomentose, about as long as
the pedicel ; teeth 4, narrow, reflexed, each ending in a bristle and the
margins bearing 6 or 8 long straight hairs with small glandular apices.
Petals 4, ovate, glabrous, shorter than the calyx-teeth, each with a
slender, gland-tipped, reflexed hair at the apex. Anthers 8, equal, acute,
very slightly lobed at the base and inappendiculate; style thick,
straight; stigma small. Ovary crowned by obtuse, sometimes crenulate
scales. )

Perak ; Scortechint 51, 450; Curtis.

This closely resembles A. Curtisii, Stapf, but is distinguished at once by the
calyx which has its tube covered with minute mealy pubescence while the teeth are
long, reflexed, with long glandular hairs on the edges, whereas in A. Curtisii the
calyx-tube bears many long glandular hairs and the teeth are triangular, minute

424

>

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 17;

and hairless. The leaves of A. Curtisii moreover are strigose between the nerves
on both surfaces.

3. ANERINCLEISTUs Curtisi1, Stapf in Kew. Bull. for 1892, p. 196.
A small shrub, like A. Scortechinii, the young branches, petioles, and
inflorescence spreading slightly and not gland-tipped ; leaves as in
A. Scortechinii but strigose on both surfaces. Calya-tube with numerous
subulate, gland-tipped, spreading hairs; the teeth minute, triangular
and without hairs. Anthers blunt.

PENANG; Curtis 412. !

4. ANERINCLEISTUS FLORIBUNDUS, King, n. sp. A shrub, about 15
feet high: young branches, petioles and panicles densely and shortly
tawny-tomentose. Leaves unequal, ovate, shortly acuminate, 7-nerved
at the rounded base, (the main nerve giving off a pair about 1 in. from
the base) ; upper surface with a few short scattered bristles, the main
nerves densely bristly-pubescent ; lower surface with short coarse hairs
especially on the nerves and veins; length 5 to 9 in.; breadth 4 to
5°5 in.; petiole 1 to 2 in., one leaf of each pair smaller than the other.
Panicle terminal, solitary, longer than the leaves, much branched, the
branches unequal and in pseudo-whorls, many-flowered, the ultimate
branchlets few-flowered, cymose. Calyzx-tube funnel-shaped, tapering
into and longer than the pedicel, adpressed-pilose: the mouth truncate
and with 4 small broadly triangular teeth and 4 alternating tufts of
inwardly-directed hairs. Petals 4, shorter than the calyx-tube, broadly
triangular or occasionally quadrate, apiculate, glabrous. Stamens 8,
equal, or 2 smaller and sometimes suppressed ; anthers curved, with two
deep broad lobes at the base but no appendage. Capsule broadly
obovoid, truncate, tapering at the base ; seeds minute, broadly linear,

Perak; Scortechint 249 in part ; Ridley 5342; Curtis 1299.

5, ANERINCLEISTUS SUBLEPIDOTUS, King, n. sp. A shrub, 10 to 15 feet
high ; young branches, petioles and inflorescence densely clothed With
short, flat, adpressed, scale-like pale hairs. Leaves somewhat unequal,
ovate, shortly acuminate, on long petioles, 5-nerved, entire ; upper
surface glabrous except for a few minute scale-like hairs, the main
nerves hairy like the petiole; lower surface much reticulate, minutely
lepidote-hairy, the middle nerve hairy like the petiole; length 4 to
8 in., breadth 2 to 4in.; petiole 1 to lin. Panicle terminal, Solitary,
erect in flower, pendent in fruit, usually longer than the leaves, few-
branched; the ultimate branches unequal, short, few-flowered, some
of them in pseudo-whorls, pedicels less than ‘1 in. long. Calyz-tube
‘15 in. long, (when dry) reddish, clothed with scattered, adpressed
scale-like hairs, tubular-campanulate ; the teeth 4, short, acute. Petals
4, ovate, acuminate, glabrous, shorter than the calyx-tube, Stamens 8,

425

18 | Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

subequal, all yellow, curved, deeply lobed at the base but inappendi-

culate. Capsule obovoid, much tapered to the pedicel, ‘15 in. long

(when dry), scabrid from the stiff, strigose, scale-like hairs. Seed
minute subulate.

Purak; Scortechini 310; King’s Collector 8068.

NOTE.

I take the opportunity to describe here the undernoted new species from
Borneo.

ANERINCLEISTUS GLOMERATUS, King, n. sp. A shrub; young branches, petioles,
main nerves of leaves and inflorescence densely covered with short, coarse, adpressed,
pale hairs. Leaves narrowly oblong, narrowed towards the base, the apex acuminate ;
upper surface glabrous but with a few scattered glands; lower surface with a few
pale hairs of unequal length on the bold transverse veins; length 3°5 to 8 in.;
breadth 1 to 2in.; petiole *5 to 15in. Panicle solitary, terminal, very narrow,
bearing a few very short, almost sessile, 4- to 6-flowered umbels. Flowers on pedicels
about half the length of the calyx-tube. Calyw-tube short, campanulate, pubescent ;
the mouth wide and with 4 short, triangular, acute, spreading teeth alternating

with tufts of hair. Petals 4, narrowly oblong, spreading. Stamens 8, equal;

anthers slightly lobed at the base, inappendiculate. Ovary 4-ridged, 4-celled ; ovules
numerous. Capsule sub-globular.
Borneo; Sarawak, Hullett 257.

A species resembling A. anisophyllus, Stapf, in the shape of its leaves. The
inflorescence is however very different; and in its short subsessile panicle recalls
to one’s memory A. Beccarianus, front which its leaves distinguish it at once.

8. Sonerita, Roxb.

Low herbs, rarely half-shrubs. Leaves membranous or more or less
fleshy, opposite, those of a pair similar in shape, although often very
different in size, or distinctly heteromorphous and then often apparently
alternate, usually more or less oblique, 3-7-nerved from the base or
near the- base, rarely pinnate-nerved. Flowers pink or white, in
scorpioid simple or pseudo-umbellate cymes, 3-nerved. Calyx sub-
cylindrical, turbinate or campanulate, 3-lobed or 3-toothed. Petals ovate,
obovate or oblong, acute, acuminate or obtuse. Stamens 3, equal, rarely
6 and slightly unequal; anthers linear, oblong or lanceolate, obtuse,
acute or (often loug) acuminate, minutely 2-lobed at the base, without
appendages, dehiscing with apical pores. Ovary attached to the calyx-
tube by narrow longitudinal septa, depressed at the apex, 3-celled;
style filiform; stigma punctate or capitellate. Fruit enclosed in the
persistent, ultimately spongy calyx-tube and forming with it a usually
more or less trigonous, subcylindrical, turbinate or hemispherical false
capsule, dehiscing from the centre of the depressed top with 3 valves or

6 fine teeth. Seeds minute, numerous, ovoid, pyramidal or clavate,
426

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 19

smooth or asperulous; raphe usually thick, spongy. Species over 100
throughout tropical Asia.

Leaves similar, although often very unequal in size,
Stamens 3. Fruit usually smooth (see No. 12-14); valves
entire, distinct, exceeding the margin of the mature
calyx (§ Hu-Sonerila) :—
Erect or ascending herbs with fibrous roots and without
rhizome :—
Calyx very slender (also in fruit); stem with 2 some-
what raised, commissural lines. Very scantily hairy
or glabrous, often much branched and small- or
narrow-leaved (except No. 1) herbs :—

Leaves ovate, 1-1'7 in. by ‘7-"9 in. a: ww» 1. S. epilobioides.
Leaves much smaller or at least very wien
narrower :—

Anthers °12-"18 in. long: —
Leaves oblong to elliptic-oblong, ‘3-5 by

°15—"23 in. ... ww» 2. &. calaminthifelia.
Leaves lanceolate, 1-1’ 75 5 in. by 15~ 23in. .. 3. S. hyssopifolia.
Anthers ‘06-09 in. long ie . 4. 8. erecta.

Calyx more or less oblong- or ovoid- ae Ue -
fruit turbinate or obpyramidal. Stem terete or
quadrangular :—
Leaves more or less ovate, long acuminate, 1-2 in.
by °4-1 in. or still smaller, acutely and coarsely
toothed, thin, 3-5-nerved from the very base;
petioles long, very slender ee . 5. 9. tenuifolia.
Leaves eauany larger, not coarsely eeited: —
Upper side-nerves starting from above the base :—
Leaves pinnatinerved, acute or acuminate at
the base ... oot . 6. 8. flaccida.
Leaves not pinnatinerved Gao Ba ot epirtsh
nerved in No. 7); all the side-nerves springing
from near the base, rarely the uppermost from
near the middle :—
Cymes distinctly peduncled :—
Anthers subacute, ‘09-"12 in. long; leaves
membranous, rounded or subcordate at
the base... ia oe ae
Anthers slender, acuminate, ‘2-3 in. long :—
Stem, petioles and inflorescence minutely
tomentose ; leaves thinly membranous,
subcordate at the base on very long and
slender petioles a ee «. 8. 9. populifolia.
Stem, petioles and inflorescence with
long hairs ; leaves acute or somnded, but
not subcordate at the base :—
Leaves membranous, more or less
oblong, usually acute at the base... 9, 9. pallida.

427

S. andamanensis,

20 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Leaves somewhat fleshy, rounded at
the base :—
Hairs more or less spreading, often
very long, particularly on the
petioles and near the leaf margins ;
leaves light-brown beneath
Hairs adpressed, very soft; leaves
glaucous beneath with rufous hairs
Cymes sessile, reduced to few-flowered
fascicles :-—

Unbranched or almost unbranched herbs :—
Leaves fleshy, very dark and glabrous
above, glaucous or pale-brown with rufous
nerves beneath; calyx with scattered
gland-tipped hairs aoe :
Leaves membranous, more or less covered
on both sides with rufous flexuous hairs;

calyx densely hirsute
Suffrutescent, much branched ...
All the nerves springing from the very base of the
leaf; adult leaves quite glabrous, broadly elliptic,
fleshy we eee eee
Herbs with short stems, springing from a creeping rhi-
zome and with usually crowded to rosulate leaves and

terminal or subterminal peduncled cymes :—
Leaves 3-7 in. by 2-4 in., 7-nerved from the very base

with conspicuous subhorizontal transverse veins :—

, 10. &. rudis.

11, S. mollss.

. 12. 8. albiflora.

. 13. 8. lasiantha.
. 14. 8. suffruticosa.,

. 15. 8. elliptiea.

Stem, petioles and peduncles very succulent, stout 16. S. succulenta.

Stem, petioles and peduncles usually slender a8
Leaves small; uppermost side-nerves springing from
above the base ; transverse veins indistinct or 0 :—

Leaves oblong to eeu et) 2-3°7 in. by

*3-1'4 in., pinnatinerved

Leaves much smaller, not or very ay EA

pinnatinerved, lateral nerves springing from below

the middle :—
Leaves oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, acute at
both ends ey

Leaves ovate to elliptic or Spike! rounded or sub-

cordate at the base :—

Stem 1-3 in. long; leaves broad, crowded, in
about 8 pairs; petioles ‘3-7 in, long :—
Leaves entire, not ciliate; ‘9-1'7 in. by ‘6-1'2
in.; petals 85 in. long; anthers ‘15-2 in. long
Leaves toothed, ciliate, *4-"8 in. by ‘4-6 in. ;
petals ‘25 in. long; anthers ‘12-15 in. long...
Stem shorter; leaves narrower, more numerous,
subrosulate ; ‘8—1'4 in. by *4—6 in., often beauti-
fully variegated; petioles up to 1 in, long,
very slender

428

17. S. repens.

. 18. S. muscicola,

19. S. savosa.

20. S. congesta.

21. 8. Grifithii.

22. S. Cyclaminella.

a

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Leaves of each pair similar in shape, but very unequal in
size or one quite suppressed. Stamens 6. Fruit as
in Eu-Sonerila (§ Sonerilopsis, Mig.) , hy
Leaves of each pair very dissimilar in shape and size, one
very small and more or less rotundate or reniform-
cordate, often deciduous. Cymesusually from the axils
of the small leaves, hence often apparently leaf-opposed.
Anthers 3, oblong, obtuse, not over ‘15 in. long. Fruit
more or less turbinate or semiglobose, obscurely
trigonous, usually conspicuously muricate ; valves not or
very slightly exceeding the margin of the mature calyx,
often not or indistinctly separating from each other at the
periphery, but each of them always splitting into 2
membranous teeth in the depressed centre of the fruit.
(§ Hexodon, Stapf) :—
Cymes distinctly, densely and persistently bracteate,
distinctly and often long peduncled :—
Cymes simple or 2 or more, sessile on a common
peduncle, forming a dense head :—
Cymes simple, at length 1-1°5 in. long; leaves
Obliquely oblanceolate to obovate-oblong, 3-7 in.
by 1-1°5 in. :—
Leaves fleshy, glabrous with the exception of
the minutely strigillose nerves of the underside...
Leaves membranons, with rather long and spread-
ing hairs beneath and along the margins
Cymes usually 2 or more, sessile on a common
peduncle, very short, gathered in a dense head;
leaves obliquely obovate, elliptic or oblong, 4-6 in.
by 1°75-3 in... A ook
Cymes usually 2 or more on a common psAnatiiss each
with a special peduncle, gathered in a loose umbel;
leaves obliquely elliptic, 3-5 in. by 1°75-2°75 in.

Cymes ebracteate, or indistinctly or deciduously bracteate :

Cymes sessile or subsessile; peduncle, if any, less
than ‘5 in., when mature ; fruit muricate :—

Cymes dense, indistinctly bracteate, sessile :—
Bracts linear, usually minute, or suppressed ;
calyx pubescent; leaves fleshy, firm when dry,
glabrous above, shortly and adpressedly pubes-
cent or tomentose beneath
Bracts filiform, ciliate, hidden among long pes
ing hairs; calyx shaggy; leaves membranons,
very hairy on both sides ove

Cymes subsessile somewhat loose, ebrachenton or

deciduously bracteate :—

Leaves obliquely obovate-lanceolate to oblong,
2°5-6 in. by 1-2°5 in, :—

Leaves somewhat fleshy, firm, when dry with —

conspicnous transverse veins; pedicels very

23. S. heterostemon.

24, 8. integrifolia.

25. S. bracteata.

26.

27.

8. capitata.

S. caesia.

28. 8. Nidularia.

29. 9S. brachyantha.

429

21

22 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

slender, to ‘25 in. long; calyx with short, fine,
spreading hairs; fruit ‘08-1 in. long, finely
muricate ... Ry sie :
Leaves membranous with conspicuous raised
transverse veins; pedicels slender, ‘08-"12 in.
long; calyx with long spreading hairs; fruit
‘15-18 in. long, coarsely muricate ... nas
Leaves obliquely elliptic, 4-6 in. by 2°2-3'5 in.;
fruit *2 in. long is oi
Cymes distinctly, often long, peduncled :—
Cymes 2 or more gathered in an umbel, or if simple,
then with a pair of (often minute) leaves at the
middle :—
Calyx hairy ; fruit muricate :—
Cymes usually compound, minutely bracteate,
axis shaggy ; leaves more or less hairy allover 38. S. paradowa.
Cymes usually simple, deciduously bracteate ;
bracts small; axis shortly hairy; leaves gla-
brous (in the Peninsular specimens) with the
exception of the very shortly and scantily hairy
nerves and veins of the underside w. 34, 8. begoniaefolia.
Calyx glabrous ; fruit smooth rT w. 935, 8. glabriflora,
Cymes simple, ebracteate ; peduncle naked :—
Softly hairy or tomentose all over :—
Leaves oblong-elliptic or obovate, 2°2-2'8 in,

30, S. microcarpa.

81, S. costulata.

32. S. macrophylla.

by 1-1°2 in., petals ‘18 in. long ... «. 36. S. elatostemoides.
Leaves oblong to lanceolate-oblong, 3-6 in. by
1-1°5 in. ; petals ‘35 in. long sli ... 37. 8. bicolor.

Shortly tomentose on stem, petioles and pe-
duncles and pubescent on the nerves on the

underside of the leaves, otherwise glabrous;
fruit smooth ... ‘en ite . 988. 8. Calycula.

1. SonERILA EPILOBIOIDES, Stapf and King. An erect, sparingly
branched, almost quite glabrous herb, about 6 in. high. Stem with
2 prominent very minutely hairy lines or quite glabrous. Leaves of each

pair similar in shape and equal or almost equal in size, ovate, acute or —

subacute, acuminate at the base, minutely toothed, thinly membranous,
green, glabrous or with few scattered, soft, adpressed hairs above, 1—1:75
in. long by ‘7-9 in. broad, finely 5- (rarely 3-) nerved from the very base
with a few delicate side nerves higher up; petiole *4—"5 in. long, slender.
Cymes terminal, peduncled, rather loosely 5—6-flowered, glabrous; peduncle
‘6-8 in. long, slender ; pedicels at length up to ‘2 in. long, very slender.
Calyx very slender, obconical, *25-"3 in. long; teeth broad, triangular,
mucronulate. Petals elliptic-oblong, acuminate-apiculate, *2 in, long,
pink. Anthers subacute ; *12 in. long. Style filiform, ‘12-15 in. long ;
stigma subcapitate. Mature fruit unknown.

Kevan; Santow, on the limestone islands, Curtis 2114! _

430

_—"

Moterials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 23.

2. SoNERILA CALAMINTHIFOLIA, Stapf and King. An ascending or
almost prostrate branched herb, from a few inches to 1 ft. high, with
very minute, spreading hairs all round or along the 2 commissural lines of
the stem and branches, or glabrescent below and with scattered, adpressed,
short, straight or flexuous hairs on the upper side of the leaves. Stem
terete below, quadrangular in the upper part, purple, like the branches
slender and often flexuous. Leaves petioled, rarely the uppermost sub-
sessile and then sometimes apparently whorled, those of a pair similar
in shape and size, symmetrical, oblong to elliptic-oblong, subobtuse,
narrowed into the petiole, acutely toothed with the teeth usually mucro-
nate and the margin revolute, rather stoutly membranous or almost
fleshy, pale-green, purple along the midrib, ‘3-5 in. by ‘15-23 in.,
l-nerved or with 1 very fine side-nerve on each side from near the base;
petioles ‘08-12 in. or less. Cymes terminal, 2—5-flowered, ultimately lax
or flowers solitary ; peduncles filiform, ‘4-8 in. long; pedicels very
slender, about ‘08 in. long. Calyx slender, obconical-oblong, *15—-2 in.
long; teeth triangular, broad, acute. Petals elliptic, cuspidate, about
‘33 in. long, pink. Anthers shortly acuminate, (12-17 in. long. Style
filiform, ‘2 in. long; stigma punctiform. Fruit oblong, subtrigonous,
smooth, ‘25-3 in. by ‘08-"1 in.

Perak; Gunong Batu Pateh, 4300 ft., Wray 1022!

3. SONERILA Hyssopironia, Stapf and King. An erect, simple or
branched herb, 6-9 in. high, with two lines of short, curled hairs on the
stem and branches, and with whitish, flexuous, longer hairs on the upper
side of the leaves. Stem subterete below, quadrangular above. Leaves
sessile or petioled, those of a pair similar in shape and size, lanceolate,
subacute, cuneate at the base or the uppermost sessile and rounded at
the base, symmetrical, minutely and somewhat remotely toothed with
very acute or mucronate teeth, membranous, green, pale below, 1-1-°75
in, by *15—3 in., indistinctly 3-nerved from near the base; petioles
very variable in length, up to ‘4 in. long, or 0. Cymes few-flowered,
at length lax; peduncles ‘8-1 in. long, very slender, pedicels very
slender, “04-08 in. long. Calyx very slender, almost cylindrie,
"24-28 in. by ‘04 in.; teeth triangular, mucronulate. Petals elliptic-
oblong, acute, ‘27 in. long, pink. Anthers acuminate, *12—"18 in. long.

Style filiform, about'18 in. long; stigma subcapitate. Fruit trigonous-

cylindric, slightly obconical at the base, ‘5 in. by almost ‘1 in.

Perak; Gunong Hijan; Scortechini 1426 !

A. Sonertta ERECTA, Jack in Malay Misc. I, 7. A ogptéasty
branched herb, 1-1'5 ft. high, more or less hairy with the exception of
the inflorescence, hairs flexuous, finely pointed, those of the stem and

_ branches short, along 2 lines, those of the leaves longer, whitish, all
over both surfaces. Stem subterete below, quadrangular above,

431

24 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

branched all along, branches more or less divaricate, 1 or, in luxuriant.

specimens, 2 from each leaf axil; often branched again. Leaves sessile
or petioled, often apparently whorled on the upper or, in vigorous
specimens, almost on all nodes, those of a pair similar in shape and size,
lanceolate or ovate, acute or subacute, contracted or subcuneate at
the base, rather symmetrical, entire or minutely toothed, membranous,
green or greyish when very hairy, ‘4-1'2 in. by ‘2-4 in., indistinctly
3-nerved from near the base; petioles slender, very variable in length,
up to ‘3 in. long, or 0. Oymes 2-9-flowered, at length very lax; pedun-
cles filiform, ‘4-2 in. long; pedicels very slender, ‘04 in. long or hardly
any. Calyx very slender, almost cylindric, ‘15-2 tn. by °03 in., teeth
triangular, short. Petals elliptic-oblong, cuspidate-acuminate, ‘15 in.
long, pink. Anthers ovate-lanceolate, acute or subacute, ‘06-09 in.
long, Style filiform, ‘12 in. long; stigma punctiform. Fruit almost
cylindric, slightly trigonous, smooth, 3-45 in. by ‘06-08 in. Jack in
Hook. Bot. Misc. II, 63; Blumein Flora (1831), 491; Benn. Pl. Jav.
Rar. 217; Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 324; Mig. FI. Ind.
Bat. I, 563; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 75; C. B. Clarke in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. II, 580; Cogn. in DC, Monogr. VII, 492; Stapf
in Ann. Bot. VI, 304.

Penang; Government Hill, Curtis, Porter in Wall. Cat. 4092;
Maingay 2214 (778, Kew Distrib.). Distris. Northwards as far as
Moulmein,

Var. flecuosa, Stapf and King. Stems ascending, like the very
slender branches more or less flexuous. eaves lanceolate to linear-
lanceolate, acuminate at the base, *4—"8 in. by *12-‘2 in., more or less
pubescent or scaberulous from very short hairs, mainly above, margins
usually finely but sharply toothed and often revolute. Cymes 3—1-flowered
with capillary peduncles. Frwit ‘27-35 in. long, by “6-8 in.

PgnanGe; on rocks, 2000 ft., Curtis 1238! Perak; Larut, on rocks
in rich, moist soil, 300 to 600 ft., Kunstler 2364! Scortechini 91!

Var. discolor, Stapf and King. Stems ascending or erect, branches
very slender, slightly flexuous, very minutely hairy along lines or almost
glabrous. Leaves oblong-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, minutely toothed,
narrowly revolute on the margins, very pale beneath, 3-5-nerved near
the base, nerves fine, but rather distinct. Cymes 4—I-flowered, rather
congested, alsowhen mature. Anthers‘08-09in. Fruit oblong-cylindric,
*3-35 in. by ‘08 in.

Perak ; Scortechini 160!

5. SonNeRILA TENUIFOLIA, Blume in Flora 1831, 491. An erect or
ascending, branched or unbranched herb, 6-J2 in, high, usually with

scattered, spreading, gland-tipped hairs in the upper part of the stem, on —
the peduncles and pedicels, and near the mouth of the calyx and with few

4.52

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 25

adpressed, finely attenuated, pale hairs on the upperside of the blades,
rarely almost quite glabrous. Stem slender, terete below, more or less
quadrangular upwards. Leaves of a pair similar in shape, but unequal in
size, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, long acuminate, symmetrical or slightly
asymmetrical and rounded at the base, acutely and coarsely toothed,
thinly membranous, dark- or pale-green, the larger 1-2 in. by ‘4-1 in.,
distinctly 3-, rarely 4-5-nerved from the very base, very faintly pin-
nate-nerved higher up; petioles very slender, reaching 1°5 in. in length,
purple. Cymes 1-6-flowered, almost pseudo-umbellate ; peduncle ‘5-1
in. long, like the slender pedicels purple or crimson, the latter -25-"3 in.
long. Calyx campanulate-oblong to ovoid-oblong, about *15 in. long;
teeth distinct, triangular. Petals elliptic, apiculate, *3-"35 in. long,
glabrous, rose-coloured. Anthers lanceolate-acuminate, acute or sub-
obtuse, ‘12-13 in. long. Stigma capitate. Fruit trigonous, obconical,
‘23-27 in. long, smooth ; valves ‘23 in, broad. Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar. 211,
t. 44; Nand. in Ann. Se. Nat. ser. 3, XV, 324; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. J,
563. Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIIT, 76; C. B. Clarke in Hook.
f. Fl, Brit. Ind. VIII, 536. Stapf in Trans. Linn. Soc. 2nd Ser. IV,
156 ; Cogn. in DC. Monogr. VII, 502; Stapf in Ann. Bot. VI, 301.

Perak; Scortechint 312! Kunstler 722! Wray 427! on Gunong
Batu, 4500 ft., Wray 273! 406. Matnacca; Mt. Ophir, Maingay 2582 !
Distrib, Sumatra, Java, Borneo. |

Var. hirsuta, Stapf and King. Leaves hairy on both sides; hairs
copious at least above, longer, wavy or curled, less adpressed than in the
type; blades-often very small (0°6 in. by 0°3 in.) ; flowers solitary.

Perak; Scortechini 790! Larut, top of yi Bubu, 5000-5300
ft., Winter 7406! Wray 3841!

6. Sonerma Fuaccipa, Stapf and King. An erect or astihdings
usually branched herb, ‘5-1 ft. high, with a very fine, furfuraceous, dark
rusty and often scanty indumentum in the lower part and on the under-
side of the leaves (at least on the nerves), otherwise glabrous. Stem
quadrangular. Leaves of a pair similar, equal or unequal in size, oblong -
or obJong-elliptic, subacute or subacuminate at both ends, or the tips
obtuse, sometimes decurrent at the base, entire or nearly so, symmetrical
or more or less asymmetrical, thinly membranovs, dark- or light-green
and often spotted with white circular or elliptic spots above, whitish
green beneath, 2-4 in. by ‘75-1°75 in., pinnate-uerved, distinct side-nerves
usually 3 on each side, the others like the tertiary nerves very faint or
quite obscure; petiole up to ‘6 in. long, often very short, slender.
Oymes terminal and axillary, short, few- to 9-flowered, peduncled,
peduncle very slender, *75-1 in. long; pedicels very slender, ‘08-15 in.
long. Calyx slender, obconical to oblong, ‘13-15 in. long, rose-coloured,
teeth triangular, very short and broad. Petals oblong, acute, ‘15 in.

433

26 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Jong, rose-coloured. Amnthers acute, "12 in. iong. Style filiform; stigma
capitate. Frwit trigonous, truncate-obovate, 2 in. long, smooth; valves
‘12 in. broad.

Perak; Gunong Panti, 600-S00 ft., Kunstler 219! Ridley 41841
Gunong Inas, 3500 ft., Wray 4066! 4067 !

Certain small specimens, collected by Scortechini in Perak (272), represent only
a dwarf state of S. flaccida; their larger leaves measure 1-1°5 in. by ‘6-8 in.

7. SONERILA ANDAMANENSIS, Stapf and King. An erect or ascend-
ing, branched or unbranched herb, 3-6 in. high, more or less hirsute,
particularly on the stem and petioles, with flexuous, finely pointed hairs.
Stem reddish-brown when dry, quadrangular. Leaves rather approxi-
mate, those of a pair similar in shape and size, or more or less unequal,
ovate to ovate-oblong, acute or subacuminate, rounded or subcordate
and often slightly asymmetrical at the base, membranous, green or
purple above, purplish glaucous below, length 15 to 83 in., breadth
1 to 1'7 in., 5—-8-nerved from below the middle, the lower nerves more
or less opposite, the uppermost 1 or 2 usually alternate, transverse veins
oblique, fine or obscure; peduncle ‘5-15 in. long. Cymes few- to many-
flowered, much contracted, peduncles solitary and terminal, or 2—4 from
the top and the uppermost leaf-axils, 1-2 in. long ; pedicels slender, up
to ‘1 in. long, like the flowers with scanty and sometimes minutely gland-
tipped hairs. Calyx very slender, obconical, up to ‘2 in. long; teeth
short, broad, triangular. Petals elliptic, acuminate, ‘25 in. long, rose-
coloured. Amthers ovate-lanceolate, subacute, ‘09-"12 in. long. Style
filiform, ‘2-25 in. long; stigma capitate. Fruct oblong with a euneate
base, ‘22-27 in. long, smooth ; valves scarcely ‘1 in. broad.

Anpamans; Mount iinies near Port Blair, on rocks, Bing’s s
Collector 48 !

8. SoNsRILA POPULIFOLIA, Stapf and King. An erect or ascending,
simple or sparingly branched herb, 6-9 in. high, more or less covered
with minute hairs and with afew soft, adpressed, whitish, small bristles
on the surface and the margins of the ultimately often glabrescent
leayes, with the hairs of the inflorescence often minutely gland-tipped.
Stem finely rusty-tomentose, subterete below, quadrangular above.
Leaves of a pair similar in shape and equal or somewhat unequal in size,
ovate, acute or acuminate, usually minutely cordate at the base, with
the lobes often more or less unequal and close, subentire or toothed in
the upper part, thinly membranous, light-green, 15-3 in. by 1:2-1°75
in., finely 7-nerved from near the base, upper pair ‘2-'3 in. from the
base; petioles very slender, 1-2 in. long, finely tomentose. CGymes few-
to 12-flowered, much contracted and almost umbelliform, terminal ;
peduncle slender, ‘5-1'2 in. long; pedicels slender, ‘15-22 in. long.

434

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 27

Calyx subcampanulate-oblong, ‘18-2 in. long ; teeth broad, triangular.
Petals: elliptic, shortly: acuminate, ‘3-4 in. long, deep- to blueish-pink.
Anthers. acuminate, tips sometimes: very fine and: curved, *2-'3 in. long.
Style filiform, °35-45 im. long; stigma minutely capitate. Frwit
trigonous, truncate-obovoid, ‘2-"25 in, long, smooth, often finely puber-
ulous.; valves. *l5-"16.im, broad,

Perak; Scortechini 136! 300-500; ft., King’s Coll. 10055! Larut,
dense jungle, 500-800 ft., King’s Coll, 5791! Briak plains, Wray 420% !
Tapah, Ourtis !

The uppermost pair of leaves is often much reduced, resembling a pair of
bracts. Oneof the leaves of the preceding’ pair is sometimes suppressed, whilst
the peduncle and the; petiole of the other leaf are so turned, that, the latter seems
to. form the:continuation of the axis';, hence. the former appears to: spring from a
long petiole. This is chiefly the case with the inflonescences which terminate
branches.

9. SONERILA PALLIDA, Stapf and. King. An ascending, branched
or unbranched herb, 6-12 in. high, hirsute all over, but chiefly on. the
stems, and’ petioles, hairs. pale reddish when dry, those of the inflores-
cence short, stiff and spreading. Stemdecumbent.at the base, rooting
in the lower part, quadrangular. Leaves of a pair similar in shape, but
usually rather unequal in size, oblong to ovate-oblong, acuminate,
symmetrical or more. or less asymmetrical and. acute (rarely obtuse)
at. the base,, minutely denticulate, membranous, light green, the larger
L:'5-4 in. by ‘8-18 in.,, finely, but distinctly 5-7-nerved from near the
base, the upper pair ‘4-6. in. from the base, petioles up. to:'6-"75: in, long.
Oymes. few- to. 8-flowered, short, om apparently terminal peduncles ;
peduncles slender, 1-2 im. long;, pedicels ‘O8—lo in. long, slender.
Calyx slender, trigonous, obconical-eampanulate, ‘15-2 in. longs, teeth
distinct, triangular. Petals. elliptic-oblong, apiculate, *45-"5 in. long,
with a line of short, stiff, spreading hairs on the back, pale pink.
Anthers acuminate, slender, ‘23-24 in. long. Style filiform, stigma
punctiform. Fruit trigonous, obconical, ‘25-3 in, long, sparingly
muricate, valves ‘15 in. broad.

_-Prrak;, Gunong Inas, 5000. ft.,, Wray 4100! Manacca; Bujong, —
Curtis 3155! Setancore; Bukit Hitam, 2500-3500 ft., Kelsall! Ridley
7320!

10. Sonnrina rupis;, Stapfand King. A semidecumbent,, sparingly
branched or unbranched herb, about 1 ft. high, densely clothed with
short, or often very, long, fine and spreading, curved or curled hairs on
the stem and petioles, with somewhat coarse, more, or less: adpressed
hairs on both, sides of the leaves.and. gland-tipped, spreading hairs on: the
peduncles, pedicels, calyx and.the.midrib.of the petals, hairs. reddish when
dry, Stem often rooting in the lower part, terete or subquadrangular

435

28 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

in the upper part. Leaves of a pair similar, subequal or rather
different in size, ovate to oblong or elliptic, acute or subacuminate,
rounded at the base, entire, somewhat fleshy, green above, pale beneath,
distinctly 7-nerved from near the base (upper pair ‘2-25 in. above the
base); petioles *4-1'2 in. long. Cymes 2-6-flowered, umbelliform,
terminal, peduncled ; peduncle slender, ‘5-1 in. long ; pedicels ‘08-1 im.
long. Calyx rather slender, subcampanulate, ‘12-15 in. long; teeth
short, broad, triangular. Petals elliptic to obovoid, obtuse or subacute,
‘5-6 in. by ‘35-'4 in., pink, with a line of gland-tipped hairs on the back.
Anthers acuminate, slender, ‘23-27 in. long. Style filiform; stigma
punctiform. Fruit trigonous, shortly obconical, about ‘27 in. long,
muricate, on stout muricate pedicels; valves ‘2 in. broad.

Perak; Scortechini! Tumbung Parbat, Scortechini 422! Gunong
Batu Pateh, 4500 ft., Wray 260. Matacca; Bujong, Curtis 3297!

11. Soneriza Motus, Stapf and King. An ascending, sparingly
branched or unbranched herb, about | ft. high, densely and adpressedly
tomentose along stem and petioles, and on the underside of the leaves
along the nerves, and besides almost cobwebby on both sides of the
young leaves; all the hairs soft and reddish when dry. Stem often
rooting in the lower part, terete or subquadrangular in the upper part.
Leaves of a pair similar, but differing more or less in size, elliptic to
ovate-elliptic, shortly and acutely acuminate, rounded at the base,
entire, somewhat fleshy, very dark green and quite glabrous above when
adult, pale and glabrescent beneath between the nerves, the larger
2-3 in. by 1-2in., distinctly 5-7-nerved from near the base (upper
pair of side nerves ‘25-27 in., distant from the base); petioles -4—1 in.
long, Cymes 2-4-flowered, umbelliform or flowers solitary, terminal,

peduncled, glabrous; peduncle about ‘5 in. long, slender; pedicels

-2--24 in. long, very slender. Calyz slender, subcampanulate, ‘18-2 in.
long; teeth very short and broad, triangular. Petals elliptic-oblong,
acute, ‘4 in. long. Anthers acuminate, -2--22in. long. Style filiform;
stigma punetiform. Fruit trigonous, shortly obconical, ‘24 in. long,
smooth ; valves ‘2-24 in. long.

Prrak; Wray, Scortechini ! Summit of Gunong Batu Pateh, 6700 it.,
Wray 375!

12. SoNERILA ALBIFLORA, Stapf and King. An ascending or suberect,
more or less branched herb, 9-12 in. high, densely and adpressedly

hirsute along stem and petioles and more sparingly on the underside of
tle leaves, and with gland-tipped spreading hairs on pedicels, calyx
and midrib of petals. Stem rather slender, terete or subquadrangular

in the upper part. Leaves of a pair similarand rather equal in size,

lanceolate to ovate- or obvate-lanceolate, acute or subacuminate at both

ends, entire or almost so, fleshy, very dark green (almost black when
A36

iets ee
i in Saka eile

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 29

dry) and glabrous above, pale and adpressedly hairy beneath (at least
on the nerves), 1-3 in. by ‘5-1'25 in., distinctly 3-5-nerved from near
the base; petioles ‘2-4 in. long. Flowers axillary and terminal, solitary
or paired; pedicels ‘1-2 in. long, slender. Calyx subcampanulate,
ovoid, ‘lin. long; teeth distinct, broadly triangular. Petals. oblong,
apiculate, ‘2 in. long, white, with a line of gland-tipped hairs beneath.
Anthers oblong, obtuse, ‘08-1 in. long. Style slightly and gradually
thickened upwards; stigma punctiform. fruit trigonous, shortly
obconica], -2 in. long, very scantily muricujate ; valves ‘2 in. broad.

Perak ; Scortechini 1886! Gunong Kledang, 1000 ft., Curtis 3293!
Ridley 9691! Goldham! Kinta in dense jungle, 3500-4000 ft., King’s
Collector 7169 !

13. SoneriLa LAstantHa, Stapf and King. An erect herb, 4—6 in.
high, hirsute all over with flexuous, finely pointed, rufous hairs. Stem
terete, with the hairs more or less adpressed. Leaves of a pair similar
in shape, very unequal in size, obliquely lanceolate or subovate, acute,
attenuated at the base, membranous, green above, pale beneath, the
larger 15-3 in. by *6-"8 in., with 2-3 side-nerves in the broader and 1 in
the narrow half, the uppermost ‘75-1 in. above the base ; petiole slender,
‘3-6 in. long. fascicles few-flowered, terminal and axillary, subsessile ;
pedicels rather stout, 1-15 in. long. Calyx obconical, densely hirsute,
‘lo—18 in. long. Petals oblong, cuspidate-acuminate, ‘12 in. long.
Anthers oblong, subacute, ‘06 in. long. Style filiform, rather stout;
stigma punctiform. Fruit broad, obconical, muricate, to ‘25 in. long;
valves °18-'2 in. broad.

Perak; Gunong Bubu, Wray 3863! (in part).

The specimen which we have here in view is so different in habit and in the size
of the comparatively long peduncled leaves from the others bearing the same
number in Wray’s collection, but described under S. swffruticosa, that we believe
ourselves justified in considering it for the present as a distinct species,

14. Soneriza sorrruricosa, Stapf and King. An erect, repeatedly
branched half-shrub, over 1 ft. high, shaggy all over from coarsely
adpressed, crimson (reddish, when dry) hairs, or glabrescent at length
at the base. Stem terete, woody below, hollow. Leaves mainly
crowded near the tips of the branches, those of a pair similar in shape,
but rather unequal in size, oblong to ovoid-oblong, acute, more or less
asymmetrical or almost symmetrical and acute at the base, obscurely
serrate or toothed, thickly membranous, dark green above, paler
beneath, the larger 1-1:4 in, by 4-6 in., 3-5-nerved from near the
base ; petioles ‘25 in. long to very short. Flowers unknown (petals
white according to Wray). Fruits axillary, solitary or in pairs on
stout short pedicels, obconical, ‘2 in. long, strigose from tubercle-based
hairs, or muricate from their persistent bases; valves ‘12 in. broad.

437

30 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Perak; Larut, Gunong Bubu, 5000 ft., Wray 3863! (im part),

15.. Sonurina Evurierica, Stapf and King. Am erect or ascending,
usually unbranched herb, 6-9:in. high, witha very fine; furfuraceous, dark-
rusty indumentum in the lower parts and on the young leaves, glabrous
or soon glabrescent. higher up. Stem somewhat stout and succulent,
terete, Leaves of a pair similar in shape, slightly unequal or equal
in size, broadly elliptic, rarely ovate or almost orbicular, very obtuse,
usually symmetrical and rounded or subcordate at the base, minutely
and inconspicuously toothed, thick, fleshy, dark-green, often mottled
with white along the nerves above, waxy yellowish-green beneath,
1-2°5 in. by *75-2 in., distinctly 5-nerved from the very base, upper
nerves usually quite indistinct; petioles 1-2 in. long. Cymes many-
flowered, dense, axis at length up to *75 in. long; peduncle slender,
1-2°5 in. long, pedicels at length upto ‘2 in. long. Calyx obeonical,
trigonous, ‘12 in. long, glabrous, teeth distinct, broad, trangular.
Petals oblong, apiculate, ‘2-"23 long, glabrous, pinkish white, Amthens
oblong, obtuse, scarcely ‘1 in. long. Stigma punctiform, Prust
trigonous, obconical, ‘15 in, long, smooth ; valves ‘12 im. broad.

Prrak; Kinta, om limestone rocks, 500-800 ft., Kunstler 7037!
7225. Sungie Siput, Curtis 3106 !

16. SoneRILA succunENTA, Stapf and King. A sucenlent, erect
herb, quite glabrous. with the exception of a very few gland-tipped hairs
on the calyx. Stem stout, very short to 3 in. long, very fleshy. Leaves
few, crowded, of a pair equal, symmetrical or almost so; long-petioled,
elliptic to ovate-elliptic, rather long and acutely acuminate, rounded
at the base or very slightly, subcordate, entire, very thinly membranous
when dry, 6-7 in. by 3-4 in., 7-nerved from the base, with lax, subhori-
-gontal transverse nerves, petioles. succulent, 2-4 in, long. Cymes,
terminal and axillary, 2-5 on a long common peduncle, subebracteate,
rather few-flowered, very short and dense; common peduncle: stout,
4-7 in. long; special peduncles 1 to over 3,in. long, bracts. very minute,
subulate, the lower soon deciduous; pedicelshardly any.. Calya oblong-
campanulate, up.to.‘25 in. long; teeth short, triangular. Petals. oblong,
cuspidate-acuminate,. ‘18 in. long. Anthers long-acuminate,, mcurved,.
over ‘25,in, long. Style ‘35.iv. long ;, stigma subcapitate, Pruit subtri-
gonous, obconical, smooth, up to.°25 in. long; valves over ‘15 in., broad..

Perak; Maxwell’s Hill, 3000 ft., Scortechini 279 !

17. SoneRILA REPENS, Stapf and King. A herb; with a long creep-
ing rhizome and a. very short succulent stem bearing 2-3 usually much
approximated. pairs. of leaves, with few, whitish, more or less adpressed,
papilliform, hairs on. both sides:of the leaves and with very few, minute,,
gland-tipped hairs.on the stems, petioles. and inflorescences, or glabrous.
with the exception of the leaves. Leaves of a pair similar in shape,

438,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 31

equal or, more usually, very unequal in size, ovate, rarely oblong,
acutely acuminate, cordate, rounded or rarely subacute at the base,
rather symmetrical, entire or slighty wavy and denticulate, thinly
membranous, dark- or pale-green, the larger 3-7 in, by 2-45 im.,
distinctly 7-nerved from the very base, with somewhat distant trans-
verse veins; petioles 1-2'5 in. long, slender or stout, fleshy. Cymes
long-peduncled, often many-flowered, solitary or usually 2-4 on a
common subterminal peduncle from the leaf axils or close to the top ;
peduncle 2-5 in. long, first slender, at length rather stout, pedicels
slender, ‘1-12 in. long. Calyx slender, obconical-campanulate, 2 to
‘23 in. long; teeth triangular. Petals elliptic, acute, -2~-25 in. long,
white or greenish white. Anthers slender, acuminate, ‘23~:27 in. long.
Style filiform; stigma punctiform. Fruit trigonous, obconical with
straight sides, “22-'3 in. long, smooth ; valves ‘15-16 in. long.

Perak ; 2000-4000 ft., common, Curtis 2015! Scortechini 1911!
Maxwell’s Hill, Scortechini 18/a! Ridley! Warut, on rocks in dense
jungle, 2000 ft., Kunstler 2005! in open jungle on hill sides, 500-800
ft., King’s Collector 5152! Kinta, Curtis! Matacca; Bujong, 3000 ft.,
Curtis !

18. Songriza muscicota, Stapf and King. A flaccid, ascending,
unbranched herb, 4-6 in. high, with a creeping rhizome, with pale, fine,
curved or curled hairs in the upper part of the stem and the leaves, and
with scanty, gland-tipped hairs on the pedicels, calyx and on the back of
the petals. Stem slender, weak, quadrangalar. eaves of a pair similar
in shape and size, oblong to lanceolate-oblong, subacute or subacuminate
at both ends, symmetrical or almost so, minutely toothed or almost
entire, thinly membranous, pale-green, 2-3°7 in. by ‘8-1-4 in., pinnate-
nerved, nerves 3-4 on each side, fine, very oblique; petiole -3-'8 in, long.
Cymes few-flowered, terminal, peduncled, umbelliform, peduncles very
slender, 1-15 in. long ; pedicels very slender, “08-12 in. long. Calyx
slender, obconical-campanulate, 2 in. long; teeth triangular, broad.
Petals elliptic, apiculate, 35-4 in. long, pink, with a few gland-
tipped hairs along the middle nerve beneath. Anthers very slender,
acuminate, tips curved, "22-24 in. long. Style filiform ; stigma puneti-
form. Fruit trigonous, truncate-obovoid, ‘2 in. long, smooth; valves
‘12 in. broad.

Kepau ; Gunong Raya, on mossy trees, Ourtis 2573!

19. Sonertra saxosa, Stapf and King. An erect, delicate herb,
2-4 in. high, scantily hairy with the exception of the glabrous flowers,
hairs pale, flexuous with long, fine tips; with a slender, creeping
rhizome. Stem very slender, quadrangular. Leaves in 3-4 pairs (of
which the upper are rather close), those of a pair similar in shape and size,
oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, acute at both ends, rather symmetrical,

439

ag Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula,

finely toothed in the upper part or almost entire, membranous,
green above, purplish beneath, ‘8-1'7 in. by ‘8-6 in., 5-7-nerved from
below the middle; petiole ‘2-3 in. long. Cymes 4-7-flowered, much
contracted, terminal; peduncles very slender, ‘5-1'5 in. long; pedicels
very slender, ‘15 in. long, glabrous. Calya very slender, linear-sub-
campanulate, ‘15 in. long, teeth broad, triangular. Petals elliptic,
acuminate, cuspidate, ‘3-35 in. long, pink. Anthers acuminate, ‘19 in.
long. Style filiform, 3 in. long; stigma punctiform. Frat obconical,
truncate, sides almost straight, passing into the thickened pedicel, °25
in. long; valves ‘12-15 in. broad.

Penanc; Government Hill, 2500 ft, on rocks in damp shady
ravines ; Curtis !

90. SoneriA concesta, Stapf and King. An erect or suberect,
rather delicate herb, 3-3'5 in. high, quite glabrous with the exception of
an extremely scanty, furfuraceous, dark-rusty indumentum in the lower
part; witha slender, creeping rhizome. Stem 1-1'5 in. long (exclusive of
the peduncle), quadrangular. Leaves in about 3 crowded pairs, those of
a pair similar in shape and size, broad, ovate to elliptic, obtuse or sub-
obtuse, rounded or obscurely cordate at the base, rather symmetrical,
subentire, thinly membranous, green, ‘9-17 in. by ‘6-1:2 in., 5-7-nerved
from near the base, upper pair ‘4-"6 in. from the base ; petiole slender,
‘6—7 in. long. Cymes 4-9-flowered, contracted ; peduncles slender, 1:2
in. long ; pedicels slender, 12-15 in. long. Calyx slender, subcampanu-
late-oblong, *15 in. long; teeth triangular, short. Petals elliptic-oblong,
cuspidate-acuminate, ‘35 in. long, pink. Anthers acuminate, ‘15-2 in.
long. Style filiform, ‘25-3 in. long; stigma punctiform. Fruit (semi-
mature) obovoid-oblong, ‘15 in. long.

Kenan; Gunong Chinchang, Curtis 2572 !

21. Sonerita Grirritut, C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. IT,
539, An ascending, delicate herb, quite glabrous with the exception of
the margins and sometimes the upper surface of the leaves; with a
rather stout rhizome. Stems very slender, 2-3 in. long (exclusive of the
panicle), rooting from the lower, soon leafless nodes, quadrangular.
Leaves in 3-4, often crowded pairs, those of a pair similar in shape and
size, broad, ovate to rotundate-elliptic, obtuse or subobtuse, obscurely
cordate, rarely subobtuse at the base, rather symmetrical, toothed and
ciliate on the margin, membranous, green, ‘4—‘8 in. by ‘4-6 in., 5-nerved
from near the base, upper pair ‘1 in. from the base ; petioles slender, °3—5
in. long. Cymes 2-3-flowered, much contracted, peduncles slender, 1-22
in. long; pedicels very slender, ‘lin. long. Calya slender, subcampanu-
late-oblong, °12 in. long; teeth triangular-ovate. Petals elliptic-oblong,
cuspidate-acuminate, scarcely ‘25 in. long, pink. Anthers acuminate,
‘12-15 in. long. Style filiform, not quite ‘25 in, long; stigma

4.40

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 33

punctiform. Fruit truncate, obovoid-oblong, cuneate at the base when
quite ripe, ‘19-23 in. long, obtusely trigonous. Cogn. in DC, Mon. VII,
513; Stapf in Ann. Bot. VI, 308.

Maracca; Mt. Ophir, on dripping places, Grifith 2300! Maingay
2583! Lobb 182.

22. SoneritaA CyYcLAMINeLLA, Stapf and King. A rather delicate,
perfectly glabrous, almost acaulescent herb, with a creeping rhizome.
Stem usually extremely short, quadrangular. Leaves in about 4 pairs,
almost crowded into a rosette, those of a pair similar in shape and size,
ovate to oblong-obtuse or subobtuse at both ends or subcordate at the
base, rather symmetrical, undulate-crenulate or almost entire, mem-
branous, light or dark brownish green above with silvery bands along
the midrib and often also along the side, nerves more or less rich violet
underneath, ‘8-1'4 in. by ‘4-6, distinctly although finely 5-7-nerved
below the middle, often with 1 or 2 delicate side-nerves higher up ;
petioles slender, ‘4-1 in. long. Cymes 2-5-flowered, very much con-
tracted; peduncles slender, 2-5 in. long, pedicels slender, ‘08-1 in.
long. Calyx slender, subcampanulate-oblong, ‘12-15 in. long; teeth
triangular, short. Petals elliptic, cuspidate-acuminate, scarcely ‘25 in.
long, light pink. Anthers acuminate, ‘12 in. long. Style filiform, -25 in.
long; stigma minutely subcapitate. Fruit truncate, obovoid, obtusely
trigonous, ‘12-"16 in. long.

Perak; on rocky hilltops, 800-1000 ft., King’s Collector 10745!
10746! 10744 (in part) !

Var. canescens, Stapf and King. Leaves more or less covered above
with long, flexuous, white hairs; some of Ridley’s specimens have leaves
up to 3 in. by 1:2 in.

Perak; with the type; King’s Collector 10744 (in part)!
Senrancore; Bukit Kinta, 3000 ft., on rocks, Ridley 7318!

23. Sonera HeTerostEemona, Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV,
326, t. XVIII, fig. 4. An erect or ascending, often branched herb,
‘5-2 ft. high, rarely quite dwarf, quite glabrous apart from an extremely
fine, furfuraceous, rusty indumentum in the younger parts and, occasion-
ally, a few scattered, short, whitish hairs on the upper surface of the
leaves. Stem somewhat stout, quadrangular. Leaves of a pair similar
in shape, but usually very unequal or one arrested at a very early stage
or quite suppressed, rarely both more or less equal, usually conspicuously
asymmetrical, obliquely ovate, subacute or shortly acuminate, rounded
or shortly narrowed at the base, minutely toothed, membranous, —
metallic green, often spotted above, purplish beneath on the nerves,
15-45 in. by 1-2°3 in., 5-6-nerved from the very base with fine, lax,
more or less horizontal transverse veins; petioles very unequal in
length, *5-2 in. long. Cymes axillary and terminal, much contracted

441

34 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

and compact, very many-flowered, distinctly bracteate, at length 1-2.5
in. long, peduncle '6-1'2 in. long; bracts spathulate or obovate, very
obtuse, up to ‘2 in. long, persistent; pedicels hardly any. Culya short,
obconical-oblong, ‘15-16 in. long; teeth obscure, very obtuse, Petals
elliptic, obtuse, pink, ‘15 in. long. Stamens 6, 3 slightly curved, purple,
‘15 in. long, 3 straight or almost so, yellow, 12-15 in. long. Fruit
subsessile, turbinate, '19-:23 in. long; valves ‘19 in. broad. Mig.
Fl. Ind. Bat. I, 565; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 77; C. B.
Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. II, 540. 8. obliqua, Cogn. in DC.
Monogr. VII, 515; and Stapf in Ann. Bot. VI, 310 (in part), not of
Korth.

Perak; Scortechini! Ipoh, Curtis 3158! Changkal Serdang, Wray
783! Larut, Scortechini 54/a! Goping, Kunstler 787! Tapa, Wray 1308.
Matacoa; Grifith 2302! 2294! Maingay 1223! (782, Kew Distr. partly),
Ouming 2349! Lobb 183! in dense forest between Jassing and Ayer
Bombon, Maingay 1425! (782, Kew Distrib. partly). Matacca; Batang,
Holmberg 876! Ulu Gujab, Harvey! (dwarf specimens). SINGAPORE;
Maingay 8098! (782, Kew Distrib. partly); Bukit Timah, Hullet 893!
Pananc; Tahan, Ridley! (dwarf specimens). Dzisrris. Sumatra to
Borneo.

24, SoNERILA INTEGRIFOLIA, Stapf in Ann. of Bot. VI, 312. An erect
or ascending, simple or branched herb, ‘5-1'5 ft. high, rufously strigose
on the stem, the petioles, the nerves on the underside of the leaves and
the inflorescence, including the calyx, but exclusive of the bracts, hairs
of the leaves very tightly adpressed, like those of the inflorescence very
short. Stem rather robust, often swollen at the nodes, subflexuous,
almost woody below. Leaves very dissimilar, the larger of a pair asym-
metrical, rarely symmetrical, usually obliquely oblong-lanceolate to
obovate-oblong, distinctly (sometimes long) acuminate, minutely cor-
date or acute at the base, entire, sometimes with slightly wavy margins,
somewhat fleshy, soft, quite glabrous above, dark- or yellowish-green,
3-5 in. by 1-15 in., sub-5-nerved from near the base with the lower-
most pair of nerves faint, and the uppermost (in the narrow half)
‘2-1:°2 in. above the base, with fine oblique transverse veins; small
leaves minute, ovate to rotundate, often cordate, sessile or shortly
petioled. Oymes terminal and apparently leaf-opposed, peduneled,
bracteate, few- to many-flowered, very dense, up to 1 in. long, peduncles
very short to ‘5 in. long; rhachis often flexuous when long; bracts.
oblong to linear-lanceolate, fleshy, up to ‘12 in. long, often much:
smaller, sometimes extremely numerous and crowded; pedicels very

short or 0. Calyx oblong-campanulate, nearly ‘1 in. long; teeth tri.

angular, up to 04 in. long, acute. Petals oblong, acute, 15 in, long,
white to pink. Anthers oblong, obtuse, almost.'l in. long. Séyle ‘2 in.
442

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 35

long ; stigma punctiform. Fruit semiglobose-turbinate, 12-18 in. long
and wide, bullate-muricate.

Pera; Larut, 200-800 ft., Kunstler 1917! 2791! Chanekal Serdang,
Wray 755! Blatida Mobok, Wray 3954! Maxwell’s Hill, Scortechini 16a!
Hermitage; Ourtis 1302! SELANGOR ; ; Dusun Tua, Ridley 7334! Kwala
Tampan Caves, Ridley 306!

VAR. acumindtissima, Stapf and King. Leaves niostly ver y long
and finely acuminate, on the whole narrower and less asymmetric than
in the type, margins often slightly wavy to remotely serrulate, not
rarely with a row of white spots close to them, Petals white.

Perak ; Larut, 1800-4000 ft., in dense old jungle, Kunstler 2004!
2161!

25, Sonprita Bpracteata, Stapf and King. An erect or ascending,
unbratiched or very scantily branched herb, ‘5-1-5 ft. high, softly and
derisely hirsute to tomentose from rufous, flexuous or curved, more or
less spreading, fine hairs in all parts with the exception of the upper
side of the leaves which is glabrous apart from scattered, adpressed,
pale bristles. Stem rather stout below with swollen nodes, subflexuous,
leafy part 2to over Gin. long. Leaves very dissimilar, the larger of a pair
shortly petioled, somewhat asymmetrical, oblanceolate, long and finely
acuminate, unequally cordate at the base with a small rounded lobe on
the outer, and a still smaller or obscure lobe on the inner side, entire,
ciliate along the margin, membranous, light-green, 3-7 in. by 1-1°7 in.,
5-nerved from near the base (the uppermost nerve ‘5-1'5 in. above the
base), with oblique, transverse veins; petioles -2 to ‘4 in. long; small
leaves reniform, very minute or up to’ ‘3 in. indiam. Cymes terminal
and axillary, long-peduncled, very dense, subcapitate at first, at length
to 1°5 in. long, multibracteate, many-flowered; peduncle rather slender,
up to 2 in. long; bracts linear, membranous, ciliate, up to ‘12 in. long ;
pedicels very short. Calyx shortly oblong-campanulate, ‘07-08 in.

Jong; teeth lanceolate-triangular, about ‘04 in. long. Petals oblong,
cuspidate-acuminate, white, ‘08 in. long, with a line of gland-tipped
hairs on the back. Anthers short, outdid? obtuse, ‘06-07 in. long.
Style ‘V5 in. long; stigma punctiform. Fruit shortly turbinate, *15 in.
st and wide, densely muricate. iw ct

Perak; Larut, in dense old jungle, 3200-3500 ft., Kunstler 2133!
Maxwell’s Hill, Scortechini 12! | .

96. Sonerina capirata, Stapf and King. An ascending, un-
branched or scantily branched herb, 3-12 in. high, rufously strigillose on
the stem, the petioles and the nerves on the underside of the leaves, and
also in’ the cymes,.and with few or very few scattered, short hairs on the
upperside of the leaves. Stem prostrate at the base, stout, succulent,
swollen at the nodes, leafy part up to 7 in, long. Leaves very _

36 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

the larger of a pair petioled, asymmetrical, obliquely obovate, elliptic or
oblong, abruptly contracted into a narrow acumen, unequally cordate at
the base with a small rounded lobe (to ‘2 in. long) on the broader side
and gradually narrowed on the inner side, entire, membranous, light-
green, 4-6 in. by 1:75-3 in., 5-8-nerved from near the base, with 2-5
nerves in the broad, and 2 in the narrow half, with oblique, on both

sides distinctly raised, transverse veins; petiole stout, ‘5-1'5 in. long,

small leaves orbicular-reniform, acute, cordate, sessile, up to ‘4 in. in
diam. Cymes terminal and axillary, long-peduncled, capitate, very
dense, bracteate, few- to many-flowered; peduncles rather slender,
glabrescent in the upper part, bracts numerous, linear, up to ‘25 in. long ;
pedicels slender, ‘07-09 in. long. Calyx oblong, densely shaggy from
short hairs, thickened below, ‘07-09 in., teeth narrow, triangular, ‘04 in.
long. Petals oblong, acuminate, white or pinkish, ‘12 in. long, with a

line of short, thick hairs on the back, Anthers short, oblong, obtuse,
‘lin, long. Style filiform, ‘1 in. long, stigma punctiform. SP ruié
semiglobose, densely muricate, ‘15 in. long and wide.

Perak ; Scortechini 1886! Gunong Batu Pateh, in dense jungle,
3000-4000 ft. Kunstler 8075! 4500 ft. Wray 222!

27. Sonerita causia, Stapf and King. An ascending or creeping,
low herb, densely hairy on the stem, petioles and the nerves and veins on
the underside of the leaves, less so in the inflorescence and with few
or no hairs on the upperside of the leaves, hairs rufous, fine, straight and
adpressed, particularly on the nerves, or more or less spreading on the
petioles, coarse on the rhachis of the cyme and at the base of the umbels.
Stem rather stout, prostrate below, leafy-part rarely more than ‘5 in. long.
Leaves very dissimilar, the larger of a pair long-petioled, asymmetrical,
obliquely elliptic, subacuminate or subobtuse, unequally cordate at the
base with a large rounded lobe (‘4-6 in. long) on the outer, anda
minute or quite obscure lobe on the inner side, entire or subentire,

sometimes ciliate along the margin, somewhat fleshy, blue-green above,

pale, green beneath with reddish nerves and veins, 3-5 in. by 1:75-2:75
in., 6-7-nerved from near the base, 3-4 nerves in the outer (larger),
2 nerves in the inner (narrow) half, with subhorizontal or oblique
transverse veins; petiole 1-3°5 in. long; small leaves minute, ovate-
cordate, shortly petioled, or suppressed. Cymes terminal and from the
upper leaf-axils, usually 2-3 in peduncled umbels with small bracts at
the base, bracteate, few- to very-many-flowered, very dense; common
peduncle slender, 1-25 in. long; special peduncles ‘25-1 in. long ;
pedicels slender, ‘08-1 long; bracts oblong, obtuse, as long as or
shorter than the pedicels, glabrous, persistent. Calya obconical-cam-
panulate, ‘12 in, long, scabrid, crimson ; teeth triangular, acute, distinct.
Petuls oblong, cuspidate-acuminate, ‘22 in. long, pale pink, Anthers
444,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 37

short, oblong, obtuse, ‘1 in. long. Style+25 in. long ; stigma punctiform.
Fruit semiglobose, ‘15 in. long and wide, tubercled, tubercles rounded.

Perak; Gunong Batu Pateh, 3,400 ft., Wray 1035! Upper Perak;
300 ft., Wray 3442! 3553!

28. Sonerma Ninunars, Stapf and King. An ascending, simple,
rarely furcate herb, 3-8 in. high, densely rusty-tomentose on the stem,
petioles and the nerves (rarely also between the nerves) on the underside
of the leaves, pubescent in the inflorescence (including the calyx), other-
wise glabrous; hairs fine, flexuous, short to very short and more or
less adpressed or, in the upper part of the stem, sometimes longer and
more or less spreading. Stem prostrate at the base, stout, straight or
flexuous, rooting at the base, leafy part 1-5 in. long. Leaves very
dissimilar, the larger of a pair shortly petioled, asymmetrical, obliquely
oblong to obovate-oblong, subacuminate or subobtuse, unequally cordate
at the base with a larger, rounded lobe (‘12-2 in. long) on the outer
and a similar, but much smaller lobe on the inner side, entire, fleshy,
rather firm, dark-green above, sometimes with a row of large white
spots on each side of the midrib, 3-45 in. by 1-2 in., 5-nerved from
near the base with oblique transverse veins, the outer nerve of the
inner (narrow) side marginal and often indistinct ; petiole stout, 15-6
in. long; small leaves sessile, reniform or orbicular, cordate, ‘2 in. or
less in diam. Oymes terminal and axillary, sessile, minutely or
obscurely bracteate, few- to many-flowered, much contracted ; pedicels
very short at first, ultimately up to ‘3 in. long, and stout. Calyax
campanulate-oblong, "12-15 in. long; teeth triangular, acuminate,
up to ‘06 in. long. Petals obovate-elliptic, cuspidate, almost ‘25 in,
long. Anthers short, oblong, obtuse, ‘14 in. long. Style ‘25 in. long,
stigma punctiform. fruit shortly turbinate, paneer et muricate,
‘25 in. long and wide.

Perak; Scortechint 650! Larut, 1000-2000 ft., Kunstler 2345! on
hills in open jungle, King’s Coll. 5764! Gunong Haram CP), Scortechini. -
655! Waterloo, common, Curtis !

29. SoNERILA BRACHYANTHA, Stapf and King. An ascending simple
or scantily branched herb, 3-8 in. high, softly hirsute or shaggy all over,
hairs dense and more or less spreading on the stem, the petioles and all
parts of the inflorescence (inclusive of the calyx), looser on both sides
of the blades, reddish, rather long and flexuous. Stem rather stout,
subflexuous, leafy part 1-3 in. long, branches, if any, spreading,
resembling the main stem. Leaves very dissimilar, the larger of a pair
petioled or subsessile, more or less asymmetrical, obliquely ovate-lanceo-
late to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, unequally cordate at the base with
a rounded lobe (‘15-'25 in. long) on the outer and a minute lobe on the
inner side, entire, membranous, dark brownish-green above, reddish or

445

38 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

deep-red or violet beneath, 2-4 in, by 1-1'5 in., 5-nerved from fear
the base, with 3 side-nerves in the broad and 2 side-nerves in the
narrow half, uppermost side-nerves sometimes ‘4—"5 in. above the base,
with indistinct oblique transverse veins ; petioles usually short or very
short, rarely up to ‘5 in. long; small leaves ovate-cordate, acute or
reniform, ‘15 in. long and broad, on slender, short petioles: Cymes
terminal and axillary, solitary or in fascicles of 2-3, subsessile, indis-

tinctly bracteate, few- to many-flowered, very dense; peduncles very

short, slender, with 2 petioled small leaflets at the base; rhachis shaggy,
bracts finely filiform, ciliate, hidden among the hairs of the rhachis;
pedicels very slender, about ‘1 in. long. Calyx campanulate-oblong,
‘12-15 in. long, shaggy; teeth triangular-lanceolate, ‘07 in. long.
Petals oblong, subacute, suberect, over ‘25 in. long, pinkish white or
pink, with a line of hairs on the back. Anthers short, oblong, obtuse,
‘Lin. long. Style over ‘25 in. long; stigma punctiform. Fruit semiglo-
bose-turbinate, muricate, ‘2 in. long and wide.

Perak; Scortechini 1873! 1875! Goping, in dense jungle, Kunstler
434! 440! Larut, in dense jungle, 500-800 ft., King’s Collector 5752!

Matacca; Kinta Gunong, 1000-1590 ft., on rocky places, King’s

Collector 7179! Gunong Inas, 5000 ft., Wray 4088.

30. SoneRILA MicrocarPA, Stapf and King. An ascending herb, 3-6
in. high, rusty-tomentose on the stem, petioles and the underside of the
leaves, more coarsely hairy in the inflorescence (including the calyces)
from short, somewhat stiff and spreading, or soft and more adpressed
(underside of the leaves) hairs, and besides with scattered, longer and
stouter, flexuous hairs on the upper side of the leaves. Stem long, pros-
trate at the base, somewhat stout, straight or subflexuous, leafy part
2-4in, long. Leaves very dissimilar, the larger of a pair shortly petioled,
asymmetrical, obliquely obovate-lanceolate or oblanceolate, abruptly
acuminate, unequally cordate at the base with a larger rounded lobe
(‘1-2 in. long) on the outer, and a similar, but very minute or obscure
lobe on the inner side, subentire or entire or obtusely serrulate, fleshy,
rather firm, dark-green above, sometimes with numerous small white
spots, 2°5-4 in. by 1-1°5 in., 4-5-nerved from near the base with oblique
transverse veins, petiole 15—4 in. long; the small leaves sessile, reni-
form or orbicular, cordate, ‘2 in diam. Cymes terminal and from the

upper axils, subsessile or shortly peduncled, ebracteate, few- to many-

flowered, rather lax ; peduncle very slender, if any, up to ‘6 in. long;

pedicels filiform, up to ‘25 in. long. Calyz campanulate-ovoid, ‘12 in.

by 08 in.; teeth triangular. Petals oblong, acute, almost ‘25 in. long,
like the calyx pink. Anthers short, sblotig: obtuse, ‘08-1 in. foie!
Style °25 in. long; stigma punctiform. Fruit pale pink, Papegm
barlinaite, minutely muricate, 08-"]] im. long, ‘15 in. broad:

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 39

Perak ; Scortechini ! Upper Perak, 300 ft., Wray 3445 ! 3446 ! 3621!

31. Sonerima cosrucara, Stapfand King. An ascending, unbranched
herb, a few inches high, densely hirsute or tomentose on the stem, the
petioles and more or less also in the inflorescence, including the calyx ;
adpressedly strigillose on the nerves and veins on the underside of
the leaves, and with scattered, often very few, stouter hairs on the
upper side of the leaves, hairs rufous, those of the stem, petioles and
inflorescence flexuous, more or less spreading. Stem prostrate below,
subflexuous, leafy part rarely more than 1 in. long. Leaves crowded,
the larger of a pair petioled, more or less asymmetrical or the upper
sometimes almost symmetrical, obliquely (if asymmetrical) obovate-
oblong or oblong, subacuminate, unequally cordate at the base with
a rounded lobe (‘2 in. long) on the larger and a minute lobe on the
narrower half, entire, ciliolate along the margin, membranous, dark
vreen, 3-6 in. by 1‘3-2°5 in., 6- or rarely 7-nerved from near the base
with 3 (rarely 4) nerves in the broad and 2 in the narrow half, with
oblique, conspicuously prominent, transverse veins on both sides; petiole
stout, ‘3-5 in. long; small leaves ovate-cordate to reniform, minute
or up to ‘33 in, long, on short petioles. Oymes terminal and in the
upper axils, solitary or 2 on a common very short peduncle, ebracteate,
few- or many-flowered, contracted; rhachis very slender; peduncles
very short; pedicels slender, ‘08-12 in. long. Flowers unknown.
Fruit semiglobose-turbinate, muricate, ‘15-18 in. long and wide.

Perak (?); foot of Gunong Panti, Kunstler 220!

_ Rather closely allied to S, Beccariana, Cogn,; bnt this has on the whole
narrower, more acuminate leaves and much larger fruits.

32. SoNERILA MACROPHYLLA, Stapf and King. An ascending simple
herb, 3-5 in. high, softly hirsute or shaggy all over; hairs dense and more
or less spreading on the stem, the petioles and all parts of the inflorescence
(inclusive of the calyx), looser on both sides of the leaves, pale reddish,
rather long and flexuous. Stem prostrate below. Leaves very dissimi-
lar, the larger of a pair petioled, asymmetrical, obliquely elliptic,
acuminate, unequally cordate at the base with a large, rounded lobe
(‘4 in. long) on the outer and a much smaller lober on the inner side,
entire or subentire, membranous, on both sides light-brown when dry,
4-6 in. by 2:2-3 in., about 7-nerved from near the base, with 4 nerves
in the broad, 2 in the narrow half and with usually indistinct, fine,
oblique, transverse veins, uppermost side-nerve 1—1°25 in. above the base ;
petiole stout, *5-1'2 in. long; small leaves ovate-cordate to reniform,
up to ‘25 in. long, on short, slender petioles. Cymes terminal and in the
upper axils, solitary or 2 or a common short peduncle, ebracteate,
rather many-flowered, apparently very dense owing to the long interwoven

P 447
eo

40) Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

hairs; rachis slender; common peduncle very short to ‘7 in. long,
slender, with a pair of spathulate-lanceolate, petioled leaflets at the point
of branching; special peduncles very short ; pedicels very slender, up
to ‘15 in. long. Calyw campanulate-oblong, about *14 in. long, very
shaggy; teeth triangular-lanceolate, up to ‘06 in. long. Petals oblong,
acute, suberect, ‘3-35 in. long; stigma punctiform. Fruit semiglobose-
turbinate, muricate, about ‘2 in. long and wide.

Perak 3 Scortechini !

Var. lawipilosa, Stapf and King. All parts loosely hairy with the
hairs as in the type. Leaves up to 6 in. by 3°65 in., rather thinner,
Common and special peduncles short or up to 3 in, long (together).

Perak; Ipoh, Kinta, Curtis 3154! Pulau Butong, Curtis!

93 SonpRILA PARADOXA, Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser, 3, XV, 32).
A low, creeping herb, softly hirsute or shaggy all over; hairs dense and
more or less spreading on the stem, petioles and all parts of the inflores-
cence (including the calyx), looser on both sides of the blades, reddish,
rather long and flexuous. Stem creeping, slender to rather stout, root-
ing, the leaf-bearing, ter minal part rising rarely more than ‘5 in. above
the ground. Leaves cr -owded, very dissimilar, the larger of a pair petioled,
asymmetrical, obliquely oblong or elliptic, shortly acuminate, unequally
cordate at the base, with a large rounded lobe (‘25-5 in. long) on the
outer and a similar but much smaller lobe on the inner side, entire or
subentire, membranous, soft, light-green, 3-6 in. by 1:2-2°5 in., 6-8
nerved from near the base (3-5 nerves in the broader half), with oblique
curved transverse veins; petiole ‘4-2 in. long or the uppermost very
short; small leaves rotundate-ovate or reniform, cordate, ‘08—‘4 in. in
diam., on very slender petioles (‘08-"6 in. long). Cymes terminal and
from the upper axils, solitary with a pair of small petioled leaflets at
the middle of the peduncle, or in umbels of 2-4, ebracteate or inconspi-
cuously bracteate, few- to many-flowered, dense; common peduncle
slender, usually 1-2 in. long; special peduncles much shorter; rhachis
very shaggy; bracts linear to filiform, ciliate, short, usually hidden
among the hairs of the rhachis or suppressed ; pedicels ‘08-1 in. long,
very slender. Calyz campanulate-oblong, about °15 in. long, shaggy ;
teeth short, triangular. Petals oblong, acute, suberect, over ‘25 in. long,
white. Anthers oblong, obtuse, ‘1 in. long. Style over ‘3 in. long;
stigma punctiform. Fruit semiglobose-turbinate, ‘12-15 in. long, ‘18 in.
wide, muricate- tuberculate. &, moluccana, Jack. Misc. I, 8; Wall. Cat.
4089; Bean. Pl. Jav. Rar. 210, (p.p.); Blume, Mus. I, 10 (p.p.);
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, 562 (p.p.); C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit,
Ind. Il, 537 (p.p.) ; Triana in Trans, Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 77; Cogn. in
DC. Monogr. VIJ, 508 (p.p.) ; Stapf in Ann. Bot. VI, 311, 312 (p. Beds
and Roxb. Flor. Ind. I, 178 ?

448

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 41

Penana; Wallich Cat. 4089! Grifith 2298! Maingay 780 (Kew
Distrib.) in shady, damp places, 1500-3000 ft., Stoliczka, Hullet 196!
King’s Coll. 1284! Pulloh Bahang, Curtis 411! Stycapore (?) ; Lobb325!

Roxburgh says of his S. moluccana, ‘‘ Habitat in insulis Moluccanis.” His
description is extremely short and insufficient, and there does not seem to have been
a specimen in his herbarium nor was it figured by him. It is very improbable that
the plant he described was identical with the Penang plant, if he received it really
from the Moluccas, as the distribution of most species of the section Hexadon is
very local, and no specimens, referrable to S. paradoza, have been discovered, so
far, east of the Malay Peninsula. On the other hand, it is possible that Roxburgh
meant S. malaccana instead of “S. moluccana” and insulis malaccanis for
“ins. moluccanis,” as the editors of his Flora Indica put it. There is at least nothing
in his description which would contradict the assumption that his brief diagnosis
was drawn up fromthe Penang plant. In view of this uncertainty we have preferred
to follow Nandin and to consider Roxburgh’s S. moluccana asa “species dubia”

ERRATUM.
Last line of page 40, for ‘‘and” read “an.”

CILLULALE, UICLLVralvuuS, UALR" B LOU ANU V Us Pare —wEO Was \ Waris Uy

beneath, 3-4 in. by 1°7-2°3 in., 6- sub-7-nerved from near the base
(with 5-4 nerves in the broader half), with usually very conspicuous
subhorizontal transverse veins; petiole ‘4-1‘2 in. long; small leaves
ovate to rotundate, acute, cordate, very small, distinctly petioled.
Cymes terminal and axillary, peduncled, dense, at length up to ‘8 in.
long, deciduously bracteate ; peduncle slender, up to 1°5 in. long; bracts
linear-oblong, ciliolate, up to *1 in. long, deciduous ; pedicels ‘07-1 in.
long. Calyx campanulate-oblong, teeth broad, triangular. Petals |
ovate, acute. Anthers short, oblong, obtuse. Fruit shortly turbinate,
‘18-22 in. long and wide, muricate-tuberculate, tubercles rather coarse,
acute, mostly passing into short fine bristles. Korth. in Verh. Nat.
Gesch. Bot. 248, t. 54; Naudin in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 322; Triana
in Trans, Linn. Soc. XXVIII, (1873), 77. S. moluccana, Benn. Pl. Jav.,
Rar. 215 ; Miq. Fl. Ind, Bat. I, 562; C. B. Clarke in Fl. Brit. Ind, I,
562 ; Copa, in DC. Monogr. VII, 508 ; ‘Stapf in Ann, Bot. VI, 312
(all references under §. moluccana, p.p.).

4.0) Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

hairs; rachis slender; common peduncle very short to ‘7 in. long,
slender, with a pair of spathulate-lanceolate, petioled leaflets at the point
of branching; special peduncles very short ; pedicels very slender, up
to ‘15 in. long. Calyx campanulate-oblong, about *14 in. long, very

shaggy; teeth triangular-lanceolate, up to ‘06 in. long. Petals oblong, .

acute, suberect, ‘3-35 in. long ; stigma punctiform. Fruit semiglobose-
turbinate, muricate, about ‘2 in. long and wide.

Perak ; Scortechint !

Var. lawvipilosa, Stapf and King. All parts loosely hairy with the
hairs as in the type. Leaves up to 6 in. by 3°5 in., rather thinner.
Common and special peduncles short or up to 3 in, long (together).

Perak; Ipoh, Kinta, Curtis 3154! Pulau Butong, Curtis!

93 SonerinaA PARADOXA, Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser, 3, XV, 32).
A low, creeping herb, softly hirsute or shaggy all over; hairs dense and

fe short ; SNIWIL 1CMVOD LULUMMWUU Uwe Ye UsELUEIIT, vyuLUuauT, VO tH ile ill

diam., on very slender petioles (-08-"6 in. long). Cymes terminal and
from the upper axils, solitary with a pair of small petioled leaflets at
the middle of the peduncle, or in umbels of 2-4, ebracteate or inconspi-
cuously bracteate, few- to many-flowered, dense; common peduncle
slender, usually 1-2 in. long ; special peduncles much shorter; rhachis
very shaggy; bracts linear to filiform, ciliate, short, usually hidden
among the hairs of the rhachis or suppressed ; pedicels ‘08-1 in. long,
very slender. Calyx campanulate-oblong, about *15 in. long, shaggy ;
teeth short, triangular. Petals oblong, acute, suberect, over ‘25 in. long,
white. <Anthers oblong, obtuse, ‘l in. long. Style over ‘3 in. long;
stigma punctiform. Fruit semiglobose-turbinate, ‘12-"15 in. long, ‘18 in.
wide, muricate-tuberculate. &, moluccana, Jack. Mise. I, 8; Wall. Cat.
4089; Bean. Pl Jav. Rar. 215, (p-p.); Blume, Mus. I, 10 (p.p.) ;
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, 562 (p.p.); C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit,
Ind. Il, 537 (p.p.) ; Triana in Trans, Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 77; Cogn. in
DC. Monogr. VIT, 508 (p.p.) ; Stapf in Ann. Bot. VI, 311, 312 (p.p.);
and Roxb. Flor. Ind. I, 178? Fass
448 : |

*
i
*
a?
“
ed

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 41

Penance; Wallich Cat. 4089! Grifith 2298! Maingay 780 (Kew
Distrib.) in shady, damp places, 1500-3000 ft., Stoliczka, Hullet 196!
King’s Coll. 1284! Pulloh Bahang, Curtis 411! Sincapore (?) ; Lobb 325!

Roxburgh says of his S. moluccana, “ Habitat in insulis Moluccanis.” His

description is extremely short and insufficient, and there does not seem to have been
a specimen in his herbarium nor was it figured by him. It is very improbable that
the plant he described was identical. with the Penang plant, if he received it really
from the Moluccas, as the distribution of most species of the section Hexadon is
very local, and no specimens, referrable to S. paradowa, have been discovered, so
far, east of the Malay Peninsula.. On the other hand, it is possible that Roxburgh
meant 8. malaccana instead of “8S. moluccana” and insulis malaccanis for
ins. moluccanis,” as the editors of his Flora Indica put it. There is at least nothing
in his description which would contradict the assumption that his brief diagnosis
was drawn up from the Penang plant. In view of this uncertainty we have preferred
to follow Nandin and to consider Roxburgh’s S. moluceana asa ‘species dubia”
and adopt Naudin’s name for the Penang plant.

34, SONERILA BEGONIAEFOLIA, Blume in Flora (1831), 490. An
ascending, usually unbranched herb, 2-6 in. high, moderately hairy with
the exception of the often glabrous upper side of the leaves ; hairs of
the stem, petioles and the inflorescence rufous, flexuous, more or less
spreading, of the leaves confined to the nerves and veins of the under-
side, often scanty, very short. Stem rather slender, rooting below,
Leaves very dissimilar, the larger of each pair petioled, more or less
asymmetrical, obliquely elliptic, subacuminate, unequally cordate at the
-base with a rounded lobe (‘2-3 in. long) on the outer and a much
smaller on the inner side, entire or more or less obtusely serrulate,
ciliolate, membranous, dark-green above, pale brown (when dry)
beneath, 3-4 in. by 1:7-2°3 in., 6- sub-7-nerved from near the base
(with 3-4 nerves in the broader half), with usually very conspicuous
subhorizontal transverse veins; petiole *4-1‘2 in. long; small leaves
ovate to rotundate, acute, cordate, very small, distinctly petioled.
Cymes terminal and axillary, peduncled, dense, at length up to ‘8 in.
long, deciduously bracteate ; peduncle slender, up to 1°5 in. long; bracts
linear-oblong, ciliolate, up to ‘1 in. long, deciduous ; pedicels 07-1 in,
long. Calyx campanulate-oblong, teeth broad, triangular. Petals ©
ovate, acute. Anthers short, oblong, obtuse. Fruit shortly turbinate,
‘18-22 in. long and wide, muricate-tuberculate, tubercles rather coarse,
acute, mostly passing into short fine bristles. Korth. in Verh. Nat.
Gesch. Bot. 248, t.54; Naudin in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 322; Triana
in Trans, Linn. Soc. XXVIII, (1873), 77. . moluccana, Benn. Pl. Jav.,
Rar. 215; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, 562; C. B. Clarke in Fl. Brit. Ind, I,
562; Cogn. in DC. Monogr. VII, 508; Stapf in Ann. Bot. VI, 312
(all references under §. moluccana, p.p.).

449

Ea

42 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula,

Singapore; Bukit Tunat, Ridley 2005! Chanchukang, Ridley 422 !
Bukit Mandu, Ridley 2005/a! Jonore; Gunong Panti, Ridley 4199!
_Distris. Sumatra, Java, South Borneo.

There being no flowers with the specimens enumerated, they have been
‘described from Korthals, l.c. The Sumatra specimens have leaves which are more
or less hairy or bristly on the upper side and represent Blume’s vAR. pilosiuscula of
9. begoniaefolia (Blume, Mus. I. 11) or 8. moluccana var. pilosiuscula Stapf, lec.
A specimen from South Borneo, collected by Motley, is almost glabrous on the
upperside of the leaves.

35. SoNERILA GLABRIFLORA, Stapfand King. A creeping or ascend-
ing herb, a few inches high, with a long creeping rhizome, hairy on the
stem, peduncles, petioles and the nerves on the underside of the leaves,
otherwise glabrous; hairs reddish, straight, adpressed. Stem rather
stout, slightly swollen at the nodes, frequently rooting, leafy part
1-4 in. long. Leaves very dissimilar, the larger of each pair petioled,
asymmetric, obliquely elliptic, obtuse or subacute, unequally cordate
at the base with a large, rounded lobe on the outer and small or
obscure one on the inner side, entire or obscurely and remotely toothed,
fleshy, soft, dark glossy-green above, pale with purple nerves beneath,
3-6 in, by 2=3'5 in., with 3-5 lateral nerves in the outer and 2-5 in the
inner half near the base and with rather lax subhorizontal transverse
veins; petiole rather stout, 1-2°5 in. long, the small leaves sessile,
reniform-cordate, '2—"25 in.indiam. Oymes terminal and axillary, usually
2. or 3-nate on a common peduncle, ebracteate, many-flowered, rather
dense, glabrous, when ripe up to 13 in. long, common peduncle 1-2
in., special peduncles ‘5-1'2 in. long, slender; pedicels very slender,
‘112 in. long. Calyz campanulate-ovoid, ‘12-15 in. by ‘06 in.; teeth
very broad and short. Petals elliptic, acute, almost ‘25 in. long, white
or tinged with pink. Anthers lineav-oblong, obtuse, ‘12 in. long. Style
‘15 in. long; stigma punetiform. Fruit subtrigonous, hemispherical,
quite smooth, ‘15-16 in, long and wide; valves in the depressed centre
of the capsule 6, delicately membranous, fragile.

Perak; Larut, in wet jungles, up to 100 ft., Kunstler 1955! 2128!

36. SoONERILA ELATOSTEMOIDES, Stapfand King. An erect, ascending
or creeping, unbranched or scantily branched herb, up to 6 in. high, softly
tomentose in all parts, hairs rusty coloured, short, spreading and very
dense on the stem and petioles, somewhat laxer in the inflorescence
inclusive of the calyx, pale and longer on the leaves. Stem slender,
subflexuous. Leaves very dissimilar, the larger of each pair petioled,
asymmetrical, obliquely oblong-elliptic or obovate, acuminate, unequally
cordaté at’ the base with the outer lobe broad, rounded, up to ‘2 in. long

and the inner similar but much smaller, entire, membranous, green
450

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 43

above, whitish green below, 2°2-2'8 in, by 1-1-2 in., 6-7-nerved from
near the base (with 3-4 lateral nerves in the broad and 2 in the
narrow half) with oblique transverse veins, nerves and veins not very
distinct; petiole ‘18-4 in. long; small leaves reniform-cordate, sub-
sessile, ‘15 in. in diam, Oymes terminal and axillary, long peduneled,
few-flowered, not very dense, ebracteate ; peduncle slender, ‘6-1 in. long ;
pedicels slender, ‘02 in. long. Calyx oblong-campanulate, ‘08 in. long,
teeth short. Petals oblong, acute, ‘18 in. long, with a line of hairs on
the back. Awnthers short, oblong, obtuse, ‘09 in. long. Style ‘2 in.
long; stigma punctiform. Fruit semiglobose, muricate, *12 in. long
and wide. |

Perak; Gunong Bubu, Wray 3825!

37. SoNERILA BICOLOR, Stapfand King. An ascending or suberect,
nearly always unbranched herb, 3-9 in. high, softly hairy all over,
hairs pale, straight, fine, spreading except on the upper side of the
leaves, very dense in the upper part of the stem, on the petioles and
in the inflorescence inclusive of the calyx. Stem rather slender,
subflexuous, slightly swollen at the nodes. Leaves very dissimilar,
the larger of each pair more or less asymmetrical, shortly petioled,
obliquely oblong to lanceolate-oblong, distinctly acuminate, unequally
cordate at the base with a rounded lobe (to ‘4 in. long) on the outer,
and a minute or obscure lobe on the inner side, ciliate along the
margin, membranous, soft, dark green or magenta-red above with a
light green band along the midrib, parple beneath, 3-6 in. by ‘I-1'5
in., finely 5-nerved from near the base (uppermost nerve from ‘4—6
in. above the base, with faint oblique transverse veins; petiole ‘2-6 in.
long; small leaves ovate to rotundate, cordate, shortly petioled, very
small to ‘4 in. long. Cymes terminal and axillary, peduncled, loosely
few- to 10-flowered, ebracteate; peduncle slender, ‘4-1'2 in. long;
pedicels ‘1-2 in. long, slender, also when mature. Calyx oblong-sub-
campanulate, ‘12 in. long; teeth triangular, short. Petals elliptic-
oblong, acute, ‘35 in. long, pink. Anthers linear-oblong, subobtuse,
‘12 in. long, Style °35 in. long; stigma punctiform. Fruit semiglobose,
‘12-15 in. long and wide, muricate, opening with 6 thinly membranous
teeth in the depressed centre or with 3, 2-toothed valves.

Perak; Ulu Salama, 500 ft., Wray 4159! Larut, in dense jangle,
500-800 ft., King’s Coll. 5794! Tapa, Baldwin !

38. SoNeRILA Catycuta, Stapf and King. An ascii or creeping
herb, about 6 in. long, rusty tomentose on the stem, petioles’ and pedun-
cles, and pubescent on the nerves on the underside of the leaves, other-
wise glabrous ; hairs short, curled or flexuous, loosely adpressed. Stem
rather stout, straight, rooting in the lower part, leafy part “= 4 in.

“uy

44, Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

long. Leaves very. dissimilar, the larger of each pair petioled, symme-
trical, or almost so, lanceolate, gradually tapering towards both ends,
entire, somewhat fleshy, pale-brown on both sides when dry, 3°5-5°5 in.
by ‘8-1'25 in., 5-nerved from the base (the outer nerves faint, sub-
marginal) with faint oblique transverse veins; petiole ‘35-4 in. long;
small leaves reniform, cordate, very minute, ‘05 in. in diam., or
suppressed. Oymes terminal and from the upper axils, peduncled, few-
flowered; peduncle filiform, ‘4-5 in. long; pedicels fine, not spongy
when mature, ‘1-12 in. long. Flower unknown. Fruit semiglobose,
smooth, ‘08-1 in. by ‘12 in., crowned by the ultimately deciduous
calyx-margin the teeth of which are very broadly triangular and
cuspidate.
Pauane ; Tahan River, fidtey 2237 |

9. PHYLLAGATHIS, Blume.

Herbaceous small shrubs with very short stems. Leaves opposite
(or the terminal leaf solitary), large, petioled, orbicular, or sub-orbi-
cular, 7-9-nerved. lowes in a peduncled dense head, purple.
Calyx-tube campanulate, glabrous or with long bristles near the top,
teeth 4 (rarely 3), acute, long-setose. Petals 4 (rarely 3), ovate, acute,
glabrous. Stamens 8 (rarely 6), equal; anthers elongate, scarcely
produced at the base, connective without appendage. Ovary adnate
to the bottom of the calyx-tube, 4- (rarely 3-) celled, glabrous at the
apex; style filiform; ovules very numerous, placentas large axile.
Capsule broadly funnel-shaped, opening by 4 valves at the top. Seeds
ellipsoid, somewhat obovoid, with glandular, hardly raised dots ; raphe
slightly excurrent along one side of the seed its whole length.—Dis?R1B.
Species 5; all Malayan.

Leaves oblanceolate... w. lL. P, tuberculata,

Leaves more or legs orbicular ; EGE) of. snlippeenand
many inches long and as long as or longer than the long

petioles :—-
Flowers in narrow, shortly branched panicles «. «2 P. Grifithi.
Flowers in terminal solitary ebracteate umbels :——
Peduncles glabrous ... soe we 8. P. Scortechinii.
Peduncles hispid... we 4 P. hispida,
Flowers in bracteate umbels with puiladtles 1 or
2 inches long <a nse wow. =5. P. rotundifolia.

1, PHYLLAGATHIS TUBERCULATA, King, n. sp. Stem short, woody,
erect, covered with small warts. Leaves two or three, membranous,
oblanceolate, shortly acuminate, very gradually narrowed to the short
hispid petiole, 7- to 9-nerved ; upper surface glabrous except for a few

452

Materials fer a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 45

scattered stout bristles ; lower surface coarsely strigose on the nerves,
otherwise glabrous, the reticulations fine; length 10 to 16 in., breadth
3 to 6 in., petiole 0 to lS in. Peduncles much shorter than the leaves,
solitary or several from one axil, sparsely glandular-hairy, bearing at
their apices a solitary, lax, involucrate, compound umbel ; involucres
oblong, obtuse, glabrous, ‘5 in. in length or shorter, those of the umbel-
lules smaller ; pedicels shorter than the calyx-tube. Flowers nearly ‘75
in. long. COalyx-tube rather widely cylindric, bearing (especially towards
its base) numerous flat, shortly stalked, fleshy discoid glands ; the teeth
4, short, shallow, wide, each crowned by a stalked gland. Petals longer
than the calyx, oblong, much acuminate (forming a narrow cone in bud).
Stamens 8; the filaments about one-fourth as long as the linear acu-
minate methane. Ovary short, broad, truncate, deeply. grooved and
almost winged ; style long, flattened, smooth. Capsule ‘3 in. in diam.
Perak; Scortechini 1872. King’s Collector 7233.

At once recognisable by the curiously glandalar calyx.

2. Puy.uaGaTais Grirritaiu, King. A shrub with a very short -
stem and usually only a single pair of unequal leaves. Leaves coria-
ceous, sub-rotund, 7-nerved, apex obtuse, the base cordate, edges quite
entire; both surfaces glabrous, the lower lepidote and slightly pube-
rulous on the nerves; length 5 to 8 in., breadth 3:5 to 6°5 in., petiole
4t+o8 in. Panicle axillary, nearly as long as the leaves, bearing in
its upper half a few very short few-flowered branches, the whole
lepidote especially towards the apex. Flowers corymbose, on scabe-
rulous pedicels, as long as the narrowly campanulate glandular-hairy
calyx-tube: mouth of calyx truncate, slightly expanded, and minutely
4.toothed. Petals 4, quadrate. Stamens much exserted: anthers not
so long as the glabrous filaments, narrow acuminate, much sagittate at
the base, inappendiculate. Allomorphia Griffithit, Hook. MSS. FI. Br.
Ind. II, 527. Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 74, t. VI, fig. 66;
Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 467.

-Matacca: Griffith (K.D.) 2264/1. Maingay (K.D.) 775; Hulett.
PERAK ; Scortechini 170; King’s Collector 694. SELANGORE ; Curis 2333 !
Ridley 7317. Penang; Stolickza.

I have removed this from Allomor phia to Phyllagathis of which it has the
flowers and habit.

3. Puyiuacarsis Scorrecuiniu, King, n. sp. Stem woody below,
shortly creeping above and subterete. Leaves on very long petioles, _
coriaceous, reniform-rotund, cordate, the apex minutely apiculate,
stoutly 9-nerved; the transverse veins bold, glabrous on the upper
surface, glandular-puberulous on the lower; length 5 to 10 in.; breadth

453
ww :

46 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

5 to 9 in. ; petiole 4 to 9 in., stout. Peduneles solitary, longer and more
slender than the petioles, bearing at the apex a single dense, ebracteate
umbel, Flowers nearly ‘5 in, long to the apices of the stamens, their
pedicels ‘25 in. long. Calyz-tube narrowly campanulate, not ribbed,
glabrous, very minutely lepidote; the teeth 4, broad, rounded, shallow.
Petals rotund-ovate, blunt, short. Stamens 8; the filaments about half
as long as the linear acute anthers. Ovary grooved, short, broad; style
as long as the anthers, cylindric, glabrous. Capsule about ‘21m, in
diam., truncate, the valves broad, truncate.

Perak; Scortechini 269; King’s Oollector 4287. SELANGORE;
Ridley 7317. 7

This species is closely allied to P. Grifithit but differs notably in its solitary
terminal umbels.

4, PHYLLAGATHIS HISPIDA, King, n. sp. Stem very short, woody,
hispid. Leaves 2 or 3, sub-coriaceous, on long petioles, broadly ovate,
cordate at the base, the apex abruptly and shortly acuminate, the edges
with minute, sharp, sometimes unequal teeth, 7- to 1l-nerved, the
transverse nerves strong: upper surface glabrous, the lower uniformly
covered with minute, scurfy pubescence, the main nerves with a few
long, spreading, stout bristles; petiole densely shaggy near the base,
_ more sparsely hispid upwards: length 5 to 10 in., breadth 3 to 7 in. ;
petioles varying from 4 to 12 in. Peduncle axillary, shorter than the
leaves and more slender than the petioles, sparsely hispid; the umbel
few-flowered, ebracteate. Flowers ‘75 in. long; their pedicels slender,
hispid, longer than the calyx. Calya-tube narrowly cylindric or
eylindric-campanulate, nearly glabrous, or sparsely hispid; the mouth
with 4 broad, shallow, blunt teeth, Petals broadly ovate, acute. Stamens
8; anthers not much longer than the filaments, broadly lobed and cordate
at the' base, and the connective with a short, narrowly cylindric basal
protuberance behind. Ovary very short; style filiform. Capsule ‘2 in.
across.

PERAK; Scortechint! Wray 1021, 1602, 3519. Pauane; Ridley
2236. .

5, PHYLLAGATHIS ROTUNDIFOLIA, Blume in Flora, 1831, 507. Stem
creeping, obtusely 4-angled, eaves unequal in the pairs, rotund or
rotund-ovate and shortly apiculate; both surfaces, but especially the
lower, minutely lepidote; main nerves 7 to 9, curved, radiating from
the base, the transverse nerves bold, curved; petioles unequal, from
‘85 to 3°5 in. long, their interior surfaces covered with coarse. black
bristles; length 2 to 8in.; breadth 1°5 to6 in. Inflorescence 4- to 30-
flowered; the involucres orbicular-ovate acuminate. Calyz-tube ribbed,
‘minutely lepidote; the teeth triangular, broad at the base but with

“ASA,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 47

elongate narrow apices bearing 2 or 3 bristles; filaments from one-fourth
to one-half of the length of the linear stamens. Ovary 4-angled,
the apex with a truncate cartilaginous rim. Korth, in Verh. Nat.
Gesch. Bot. 252, t. 57; Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 8, XXV, 332; Bot.
Mag. t. 5282; Migq. Fi. Ind. Bat, I, 559; Triana Melast., tab, VI, fig.
73; C.B. iaoks in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Indi IT, 541; silicide, in DC. Mon.
Phan. VII, 518. Melastoma rotundifolia, Jack in Trans, Linn. Soe.
XIV, 11; DC. Prodr. IIT, 149.

Matacea; Grifith, Maingay. Sstancore; Ridley 7327. Parax;
Scortechini, King’s Collector, Wray. Distets. Burma, Sumatra, Java;
common.

Rather variable as to size of leaves and as to the number of bristles on their

petioles. The teeth of the calyx also vary as to the length of the acuminate apex
and as to the number of bristles.

10. Marumra, Blume.

Twining shrubs; branches cylindric, thickened at the nodes.
Leaves opposite, short-petioled, coriaceous, cordate at the base, 3-nerved
from the base besides two submarginal nerves, entire, stellate-tomentose
beneath. Oymes axillary; flowers 3-5, large, pedicelled, purple or
white. Calyx-tube narrowly campanulate, tomentose (and often bristly
or stellate-hairy); lobes 4, deep, persistent. Petals 4, obovate.
Stamens 8, unequal; anthers elongate, opening by a single pore ;
connective of the longer anthers carrying in front two long bristles
and behind often one or two spurs or several twisted bristles. Ovary
at the base (or half its height) adnate to the calyx, 4-celled, densely
hairy at the apex; style filiform; ovules numerous, cent axile.
Berry ellipsoid, crowned by the calyx-limb. Seeds numerous, oblong-
ellipsoid, with glandular scarcely raised dots, raphe slightly excurrent
along the whole length of one side.—Distris. Species 10, Moe
‘Borneo and the Philippines.

Calyx-tube without bristles eee as we 1. M. nemorosa,

Calyx-tube very bristly :-— -

Teeth of limb of calyx half as long as the tube,

oblong, acute: upper surface of leaves noé reti-

culate ~ . 2, M, rhodocarpa,
Teeth of limb of aly one- fourth as jomg: as the tube

or less, broadly triangular, blant ; upper surface of

leaves much reticulate “as es ww. & M. reticulata,

1, Marumta nemoross, Blume in Flora XIV, (1831), 505. A
straggling élimber ; all. parts except the upper surfaces of the leaves,
the petals, stamens and ovaries covered with dense rufous or pale stellate

455

48 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

tomentum, without bristles; the branches thickened and annulate at
the nodes. Leaves sub-coriaceous, elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, slightly
cordate at the base, the apex shortly acuminate or acute, d-nerved (the
lateral pair of nerves faint) ; upper surface glabrous ; length 8 to 6 in. ;
breadth 1:35 to 2°75 in.; petiole ‘2 to *4 in. long. Flowers about 1°75
in. long (including the stamens), solitary or in pedunculate cymes of
three from the axils of the leaves. Calyz-tube more or less narrowly
campanulate, somewhat constricted below the limb; limb with 4 deep,
triangular teeth. Petals broadly ovate, blunt, longer than the calyx-
tube, rose-coloured. Stamens 8, unequal; the anthers of all linear,
curved; the longer with two narrow, curved filaments at the base in
front, and several smaller behind ; the four smaller with two smaller,
equal filaments at the base in front only. Fruit succulent, oblong-ovoid,
constricted below the permanent calyx-teeth, sometimes sub-tuberculate

and always stellate-tomentose, about Lin. long. Blume Mus, Bot. I,

33; Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser, 3, XV, 279; Mig. Fl, Ind. Bat. I, pt.
1, 533; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 82; C. B. Clarke in
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 542; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 549.
M. afinis, Korth. in Verh. Nat. Gesch. Bot. 241, t. 60; Mig. l.c. 533.
Melastoma nemorosum, Jack in Trans. Linn. Soc. XIV, 8; DC. Prodr.

III, 149; Wall. Cat. 4043.
In all the provinces except the Nicobar and Andaman Islands.

Distris. Sumatra, Borneo.

9. Marumra RwopocarPaA, Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 550.
A powerful climber; young branches, petioles, lower surfaces of
leaves and calyx densely clothed with minute, pale, stellate tomentum
intermixed with numerous stout, spreading, brown bristles, the nodes
somewhat swollen and with transverse lines. eaves sub-coriaceous,
oblong, narrowed to the rounded, minutely cordate base, the apex

shortly acuminate, 5-nerved (the lateral pair slender) ; upper surface’

glabrous ; length 3°5 to 5in.; breadth 1 to 2in.; petiole 15 to ‘2 in.
Flowers (including the stamens) nearly 1° in. long, in axillary, pedun-
culate cymes of three. Calyx-tube longer than the glabrous pedicel,
narrowly campanulate, constricted below the limb ; limb with 4 oblong,
acute teeth half as long as the tube and like the latter bearing
many long, curved bristles. Petals white, obovate. Stamens 8, un-
equal, all linear and acuminate: the four larger with two long,
filiform appendages in front and several smaller behind: the four
smaller with about 4 to 6 appendages. Fruit shortly ovoid, crowned
by the large calyx-teeth, bristly, ‘4 in. in diam. Melastoma rhodo-
carpum, Wall. Cat., 4045. Marwmia echinata, Naud. Ann. Se. Nat,
Ser. 3, XV, 280; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 534, M. geylanica, Triana

456

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 49

(not of Blume) in Linn. Trans. XXVIII, 82, tab. VII, fig. 88 ; ©. B.
Clarke in Fl. Br. Ind. II, 542.

Sincavore; Wallich; Anderson 68, 69; Hullett 125; Ridley 2583
King’s Collector 278. Manacca; Maingay (K, D.) 785 ; Cuming ; ; Grifith
(K.D.) 2270.

Var. sub-glabrata, Cogn. l.c. 550. Leaves glabrous beneath except
the nerves. M. zeylanica, C. B. Clarke Ti of Blume), var. swb-glabrata,
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 542.

Singapore; Anderson 64.

3. Maroumia reticoLata, Blume Mus. Bot. I, 34. Scandent; young
branches, petioles, under surfaces of leaves and calyx densely clothed
with rusty stellate, more or less deciduous hairs, the young branches,
petioles and especially the calyx with stout spreading bristles inter-
mixed; the nodes swollen and annulate. Leaves subcoriaceous, ovate-
lanceolate, 5-nerved (the lateral pair slender), minutely cordate at the
base, the apex shortly acuminate; upper surface deeply reticulate,
glabrous ; length 2 to 3'5 in., breadth ‘8 to1'5 in., petiole ‘1 to ‘2 in.
Flowers 1°25 in. long (including the anthers), axillary, either solitary
on pedicels as long as themselves or in pedunculate cymes of three;
the middle flower being nearly sessile, the lateral pair on short pedicels.
Calyx-tube densely hispid externally, the teeth 4, short, broadly triangular
and blunt, tomentose on the inner surface. Petals ovate, sub-acute,
glabrous. Stamens 8, the anthers somewhat unequal in length but all
linear, curved and with two long appendages at the base in front. Fruit
ovoid, (unripe) ‘5 in. in diam., crowned by the calyx-teeth. Miq. FI.
Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, p. 5385; C.B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
II, 542; Coon. in DC. Mon. Phan. VIT, 551. WM. stellulata, Korth. (not
of Blume) Ver. Nat, Gesch. Bot. 243. M. oligantha, Naud. in Ann. Se.
Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 281; Mig. l.c. 534.

Manacca; Grifith (K.D.) 2269; Maingay 784. Distats. Sumatra,
Java. |

11. Drissocnzta, Blume.

Shrubs, usually twiners. Leaves opposite, petioled or nearly
sessile, elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the base, 5.nerved from
the base (the two submarginal nerves slender), entire. Flowers in
terminal, sometimes leafy panicles, purple or white, bracts large or
small. Calyx-twbe campanulate-cylindric or funnel-shaped, densely
stellate-tomentose, pubescent or glabrous; limb obscurely 4-lobed or
entirely truncate, more rarely distinctly 4-toothed, persistent. Petals 4,
Stamens 8, unequal, 4 shorter sometimes wanting, connective of the
4 longer with 2 long bristles in front at the base. Ovary adnate to the

457

50 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

calyx, 4-celled, apex glabrous or densely hairy; style filiform; ovules
very many, placentas axile. Berry ovoid or elliptic, crowned by the
ealyx-limb. Seeds elipsoid, flattened on the side of the raphe.—Drstriz.
Species 25; throughout Malaya to the Philippines.

Stamens 8 (four of them sometimes imperfect) :—

Young branches, under surfaces of leaves and panicles
covered with persistent stellate-tomentum :—

4 The stellate-tomentum not mixed with bristles ;
the nodes with transverse interpetioler lines :—
Flowers 1°75 in. long... za 1. D. annulata.
Flowers ‘75in. long... oe . 2. D, punctulata,
The stellate-tomentum mixed with soli .
persistent bristles; flowers ‘75 in. long w. «3. D, hirsuta.

Young branches, under surfaces of leaves and panicles
covered at first with stellate-tomentum which ulti-
mately more or less disappears :—

Bracts of panicle obovate, persistent ... .. 4& D. bracteata.
Bracts of panicle linear, deciduous... coe: 5. D. pallida.
Young branches, under surfaces of leavesand panicles __
covered with minute simple scales not stellate we) 6 Ds gracilie,
Stamens 4 :—

Panicles ebracteate, or bracts, if any, caducons :—

Flowers ‘3 in. long; fruit ‘15 to ‘2 in. in diam. ;

mouth of calyx-tube 4-toothed; petals broadly

oblong, blunt; stamens blunt, not appendiculate

at the apex Dial one = ous he D, Colebven.

Flowers ‘5 in. long; fruit 2 to ‘25 in, in diam. ;

mouth of calyx-tube truncate not toothed:

petals ovate, acute; stamens narrowed to the

appendiculate apex see eee w. 8. D. intermedia.
Panicles with persistent, oblong bracts :—

Young branches at first rusty stellate-hairy,

finally glabrous; branches of panicle divari-

cating, lax i ake ni . 9. D. anomala,

Young branches with persistent, pale, —

stellate hairs; branches of panicle — short,

condensed 35 sien aie ... 10. D. Scortechinii.

1. Drssocn#ta annutata, Hook. fil. ex Triana in Trans. Linn.
Soe, XXVIII, 83. A strong climber; young branches, petioles, under
surfaces of leaves and inflorescence covered with dense, rusty, deciduous
stellate tomentum, the nodes thickened and slightly annulate. Leaves
coriaceous, ovate-oblong, cordate at the base, the apices shortly and
rather abruptly acuminate, upper surface at first sparsely stellate-hairy,
ultimately glabrous, the nerves and reticulations bold; length 2°5 to
3:5 in.; breadth 1 to 18 in.; petiole °2 to ‘5 in. Panicle solitary ter-
minal, much longer than the leaves, lax, the branches divaricating,

458

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 51

cymose, 1- to 3-flowered; bracts small, caducous. Flowers 1:5 in. long
(including the stamens), pedicels much shorter than themselves.
Calyx-tube‘narrowly campanulate or funnel-shaped, the mouth widened
and with 4 blunt, triangular teeth, densely stellate-hairy outside. Petals
obovate-oblong, blunt, reflexed. Stamens 8; curved, elongate-linear,
acuminate, with two bristle-like appendages at the base in front, laci-
niate behind. Fruit ellipsoid, succulent, crowned by the enlarged teeth
of the calyx-tube. OC. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 548;
Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 557. Melastoma;bracteatum, Wall. Cat.
4044 (in part).

- Punane; Wallich 4044; Grifith (K.D.) 2268; Maingay (K.D.)
788; Curtis 740. Matacca; Wallich. Sincavors; Hullet 213; Ridley
5187. Jonore; King’s Collector 224. Prax; Scortechini 235. DisrRip.
Borneo.

2. Dissocumra puncrunata, Hook. fil. ex Triana in Linn. Trans.
XXVIII, 83. ‘Young branches thickened but not annulate, clothed like
the petioles, under surfaces of the leaves and the inflorescence with °
minute, rusty scales. Leaves coriaceous, oblong-ovate, the base rounded
and not cordate, the apex acute or very shortly acuminate ; 5-nerved,
the marginal nerves very slender ; upper surface glabrous ; length 3 to
4°5 in.; breadth °75 to 1:75 in.; petiole -25 to'4 in. Pamicles solitary, —
terminal, several times longer than the leaves, the branches and
branchlets short and the latter cymosely few-flowered, bracts small,
linear, deciduous. Flowers *75 in. long (including the stamens), on
pedicels shorter than themselves. Calyaz-tube infundibuliform, the
mouth with a broad, everted, wavy, obscurely toothed edge, deciduously
scaly. Petals 4, ovate, sub-acute, glabrous. <Anthers 8, equal, curved,
cylindric, attenuated to the l-pored apex, the base with two long,
geniculate, upward-curving, narrow, flattish appendages. ’rwit succu-
lent, urceolate, slightly warted, sub-glabrous, crowned by the slightly
enlarged mouth of the calyx, ‘4 in. long. OC. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl.
Br. Ind. II, 543; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 555.

Matacca; Grifith (K.D.) 2291! Maingay 789. Srxcarors; Ridley
3918, 4808. Setancore; Ridley 2015. Jonorz; Ridley 3246, 2106.
Penang; Walker, etc.

3. Dissocna#ra uirsuta, Hook. fil. ex Triana Trans. Linn. Soc.
XXVIII, 83. A strong creeper with slender branches only slightly
thickened at the nodes; all parts except the upper surfaces of the leaves”
and the petals densely clothed with deciduous, stellate hairs mixed with
long, stiff, spreading, curved hairs. Leaves membranous, lanceolate or
ovate-lanceolate, 5-nerved (the lateral pair slender), the base rounded
and slightly cordate, the apex shortly acuminate; upper surface

459°

52 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

glabrous, length 3 to 45 in.; breadth 1 to 175 in. ; petiole "15 to ‘3 in.
Panicle. solitary, terminal, tlitukened at the iil broadly pyramidal,
much branched. Flowers *75 in. long. Calye-tube longer than the
pedicel, cylindric-tubular, the mouth not everted but with four linear
elongate teeth. Petals 4, broadly lanceolate, blunt. Stamens 8, equal,
all perfect, elongate and narrow, the apices much prolonged into a rather
thin appendage, the base with two delicate, filiform appendages. Fruit
ovoid-globose, crowned by the persistent calyx-limb, densely setose-
lepidote; ‘4 in. in diam., Cogu. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 556.

JoHoreE; at the base of Gunong Panti; King’s Collector 197;
Ridley 4185. Disrris. Borneo.

4, Dussocu#rA BRACTEATA, Blume in Flora, 1831, 495. Young
branches with a transverse ridge at the nodes, petioles and panicles
more or less densely clothed with sub-deciduous, rusty, stellate hairs,
and the under surfaces of the leaves sparsely so. Leaves membranous,
5-nerved (the marginal pair faint), ovate-lanceolate, the base rounded
and often sub-cordate, the apex acute or shortly acuminate; upper
surface glabrous, the lower spavsely stellate-hairy ; length 8 to 4°5 in. ;
breadth, 1:25. in.; petiole ‘2 to ‘3 in. Panicles much bracteate, both
axillary and terminal, the former shorter, the latter longer, than the
leaves; the branches. few, divaricate. lowers 1:2 in. long (including the
stamens), in cymes at the ends of the branchlets, each subtended by,
and while, in bud enveloped in, a membranous, obovate, blunt, stellate-
pubescent, more or less. permanent bract about ‘din, long. Calya-tube
twice as long as the pedicels, cylindric-campanulate, the mouth slightly
widened and. minutely 4-toothed: Petals broadly elliptic, blunt,
glabrous. Samens 8, much curved, long, linear, the base with two long
flattened, linear, upward-pointing appendages: Frwit ellipsoid, crowned
by, the; rim, of the calyx-tube, ‘6 in. long. Mig, Fl. Ind: Bat. J, pt. I, 529;
Triana in Trans. Linn, Soc. XXVIII, 84; C. B. Clarke in Hook, fil. FI.
Br. Ind. I, 543.; Cogn.in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 598: D. bracteosa, Naud.
in. Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 76; Mig. Fl: Ind. Bat. I, pt. Fj 527.
Melastoma, bracteatun, Jack in Traus. Linn. Soc. XIV, 9; Wall. Cat.
4044, partly.

Penance; Wallich, Cat. 4044; Curtis 2298.
791. Duisrris. Borneo, Haviland:

5, Dissocu#ra, panuipa, Blume in Flora, 1831, 500. A shrubby
creeper, 20 to 50 feet long; young branches thickened’ and’ with inter-
petiolar ridges at the Jedecs sparsely covered with minute stellate- hairy
scales like, the petioles, under surfaces of the leaves. and the panicles.
Leaves, sub-coriaceous, 5-nerved: (the lateral pair faint), elliptic-ovate

to, ovate, the base rounded: and:sub-cordate, the apex shortly- acuminate
460,

MALacea ; pene

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula: 53

or acute; upper surface glabrous; length 2°5 to 5 in.; breadth }:2 to
22 in.; petiole *3 to°S in. Panicles both axillary and terminal, the
former shorter than the leaves or slightly exceeding them, the latter
longer, all rather lax, the branchlets divaricating, cymose, and with a
few short, linear, deciduous bractlets. lowers nearly 1 in. long (in-
cluding the stamens). Calyx-tube oblong-campanulate or funnel-shaped,
densely lepidote-stellate ; the mouth expanded and obscurely 4-toothed.
Petals obovate-oblong, blunt, glabrous. Stamens 8, usually equal (four
sometimes. shorter or obsolete) ; basal processes long, linear, sub-erect.
Fruit eylindric-campanulate, sub-glabrous, crowned by the slightly
enlarged mb of the calyx, ‘25 in. long. Blume, Mus. Bot. I, 36 (excl:
syn. Korth.) ; Naudin in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 69, tab. 4 fig. ;
Mig, Fl. Ind. Bat. J, pt. I, 528; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soe. XX VHT,
83, tab. VIF, fig. 896; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 544,
Cogn, in DC. Mon. Phan. VI}, 557. Melastoma pallida, Jack in Trans.
Linn. Soc. XEV, 12; DC. Prodr. HI, 150; Wall. Cat. 4049. Dissocheeta
ovalifolia and D: superba, Naud. be. 76 and 77, Di astrotricha, Mig. lie.
Suppl. 3ls.

In all tle provinces except the Nicobar and Andaman Islands;
common.

The four stameus which ‘are usually shorter than the other are sometimes
obsolete.

6; Dissocumra cracitis, Blume in Flora, 1831, 498. A strag-
gling or scandent shrub; young branches slender, bluntly 4-angled,
the nodes swollen and transversely ridged, minutely scaly like the
petioles, leaves and panicles. Leaves 5-nerved (the lateral pair slender),
broadly lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the base and shortly
acuminate-at the apex; length 3 to 4°5 in.; breadth 15 to I8 in;
petiole -2 to ‘4 in, Panicles axillary and terminal, the former shorter
than, and the latter longer than the leaves, slender, spreading, lax,
many-flowered; bracts few, narrowly oblong, caducous. Flowers *35
im. long, on filiform pedicels longer: than themselves. Calya-tube
narrowly campanulate, minutely stellate-pubescent, tiie mouth glabrous,
sub-truncate, everted and’ obscurely 4-toothed. Petals 4, broadly ovate
or sub-orbicular, blunt. Stamens 8; four large, perfect, rather short,
with a broad truncate 2-pored' apex; the four imperfect small, narrow
all’ with two erect, filiform flat basal appendages. wit sub-globular;
crowned by the narrow limb, almost glabrous, ‘1 to ‘IS in. in diam,
Korthals Verh, Nat, Gesch. Bot. 237; Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3;
XV, 75; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 526; Triana in Trans, Linn. Soc:
XXVIII, $8, tab. VIE, fig. 89¢; C. B: Clarke in Hook. fil. Fi: Br. Ind.
II, 544; Cogu, in DC: Mon. Phan. VIL, 559: elastoma gracile, Jack

54 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

in Trans. Linn. Soc. XIV, 14; DC. Prodr. TI, 149. MM. fallaz, Wall.
Cat. 4080.? I. gluuca, Griff. Ic. Pl. As. 637. DI. vacillans, var. pallens,
Blume, Bijdr. 1074.

In all the provinces except the Nicobar and Andaman Islands.
Distris. Java, Borneo. .

7. DIssoCcHEZTA CELEBICA, Blume, Mus. Bot. I, 36, A _ slender
creeper ; young branches, petioles and under surfaces of the leaves, also
the panicles, densely clothed with rusty, scurfy, stellate tomentum.
Leaves 3-neryed, membranous, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, the base
rounded, the apex shortly acuminate ; upper surface glabrous except the
stellate-pubescent midrib; length 2°5 to 5 in.; breadth 1 to 2 in.; petiole
‘2to 25 in. FPanicles lateral and terminal, the former slightly longer and
. the lateral several times longer than the leaves, ebracteate, the branches
divaricating, the ultimate branches cymose, 3-flowered. Flowers *3 in.
long (including the stamens). Calya-tube oblong-campanulate, slightly
widened and 4-toothed at the mouth, somewhat longer than the pedicel.
Petals 4, broadly oblong, blunt. Stamens 4; anthers equal, short, blunt
and with no apical appendage, opening by 2 apical pores. Fruit
sub-globular, crowned by the narrow limb of the calyx, faintly 8-ribbed,
sparsely pubescent or sub-glabrous, ‘15 to'2in.indiam. C. B. Clarke
in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 544; Cogn. in DC. Mon, Phan. VII, 561;
Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. I, pt. 1,530; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 83.
D. microcarpa, Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 72; Mig. lc. 525.
D. bancana, Mig. l.c. 529. Melastoma fallax, Wall. Cat. 4050; ? Jack
in Trans. Linn. Soc. X1V,13. WM. rubiginoswm, Wall. Cat. 4052, partly.

In all the provinces except the Nicobar and Andaman Islands ;
common. Disrris. Bangka, Celebes, Borneo.

Var. contracta, King. Panicle solitary, terminal, short, condensed,
not longer than the leaves.

Perak ; King’s Collector 2911.

8. DISSOCHHZTA INTERMEDIA, Blume in Flora, 1831, 493. A some-
what slender creeper, resembling D. celebica in its other parts, but
with larger flowers (‘5 in. long), pointed in bud; larger fruit (-2 to ‘25 in.
in diam.); calyx-tube with a truncate, toothless mouth; ovate, acute
petals, and longer stamens narrowed to and appendiculate at the apex.
Blume, Mus. Bot. I, 35, tab. V; Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 72;
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. 1, 524; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soe, XXVIII,
83, tab. VII, fig. 89 f.; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 544;
Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 562. Melastoma rubiginoswm, Wall. Cat.
4052 (in part).

Maracca; Griffith (K.D.) 2287; Helfer (K.D.) 2286. Prnane and
Sincarore; Wallich. Prrax; Scortechini. Disrris. Java, Borneo.

462

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 55

9. Dissocnmra anomata, King, n. sp. A creeper 15 to 20 feet
long; young branches slender, slightly thickened at the nodes, at first
sparsely rusty stellate-hairy, afterwards glabrous and sub-glaucons.
Leaves ovate-oblong, the base broadly rounded, the apex shortly,
abruptly and bluntly acuminate, 5-nerved (the two lateral] nerves
faint) ; upper surface glabrous; the lower sparsely stellate-bairy on
the midrib and nerves, otherwise glabrous ; length 3°5 to 6-5 in, ;
breadth 1°75 to 2°75 in.; petiole sparsely hispid, ‘2 in. long. Panicles
axillary and terminal, the former half as long and the latter twice as
long as the leaves, stellate-pubescent especially at the thickened nodes ;
the branches divaricate, trichotomous, lax, bracteate at the divisions ;
the bracts *3 in. long, oblong, blunt, involute, stellate-tomentose, their
edges ciliate. Flowers ‘3 in. long, in cymes of three. Calyzx-tube shorter
than the pedicel, narrowly campanulate, densely stellate-tomentose ;
the mouth without teeth, truncate, not everted. Petals glabrous, ovate,
acuminate, forming a pointed bud. Stamens 4, equal and all perfect,
subsessile, broad, blunt, the lateral basal appendages filamentous. Fri}
broadly campanulate, crowned by the narrow calyx-limb, glabrous, *15
in. in diam.

Perak; King’s Collector 2258, 10468.

This plant forms a collecting link between the genera Anplectrum and Disso«
cheta as they are defined in this work. It agrees in externals with Anplectrum
pallens, and has the 4 stamens of that genus, but their anthers have the elongate
basal processes so well developed in Dissochzta and not at all represented in Anplec.
trum.

10. Drissocuata Scortecuini, King, n. sp. Scandent; you ng
branches slender, the nodes swollen and transversely ridged, thinly
clothed with minute, pale, stellate hairs. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, slightly
cordate at the broad base, the apex with a short, blunt point; 5-nerved
(the lateral pair small); upper surface glabrous ; lower rusty in colour
and bearing sparse, white, stellate hairs longer than those on the stem ;
length 2°5 to 3°75 in.; breadth 1:5 to 2 in.; petiole densely rusty stellate.
tomentose, ‘1 in. long. 'Panicle-solitary, narrow, terminal, shorter than
the leaves, densely rusty stellate-tomentose, the branches short and
few-flowered, bearing many oblong, blunt or spathulate, pale, 3-nerved
almost glabrous bracts longer than the flower-bud, the lower ones much
larger. Flowers ‘3 in. long, their pedicels short, Calyx-tube narrowly
campanulate, at first densely but afterwards sparsely stellate-tomentose ;
the mouth truncate, without teeth, waved but not everted, glabrous,
Petals 4, glabrous, orbicular-ovate, acuminate, forming a pointed bud.
Stamens 4, all equal and perfect, short, broadly ovate, the base with two
long, erect, filiform appendages, the broad apex with a small, pale,

463

56 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

subacute appendage. Fruit unknown. OD. intermedia, Scort. MSS. (not
of Blume), in Herb. prop.
Perak; Scortechini 23, 34, Penana; Curtis 130].

12. Awprectrum, A. Gray.

Twining shrubs. Leaves subcoriaceous, or rarely coriaceous, opposite,
short-petioled, entire, oblong, narrowed upwards, 3-5-nerved from the
base. lowers white, in terminal panicles sometimes leafy at the base.
Calyx-tube funnel-shaped or ovoid, limb obscurely 4-lobed or truncate.
Petals 4. Stamens 4 perfect, rarely 8, anthers attenuated upwards,
opening by one pore, connective at base sbortly appendaged or subnude,
never with two long bristles in front, rarely with a long appendage and
two small erect bristles; imperfect stamens 4, 2, or 0. Ovary 4-celled,
free at the apex, with 4 vertical ridges; style simple; ovules many,
placentas axile. Berry ovoid or globose, crowned with the calyx-limb,
Seeds very many, small, falcate, obovoid ; raphe long, lateral. DisTrto.
Species about 18, in Malaya and the Philippines.

Stamens 4 perfect :—

Nodes of the young branches and of the lower
part of the panicle with conspicuous, stellately
lepidote, bristly annuli us. eee w. 1. A, lepidoto-setosum.
Nodes of the young branches and of the panicle
with a small smooth annulus or faint transverse
ase -——
Calyx-tube funnel-shaped; stamens 4, all
perfect; young branches stellate-hairy ... 2. A» glawewm.
Calyx-tube ovoid to globular-ovoid ; stamens
8, the anthers of 4 of them narrow and
imperfect; young branches glabrous or ~
neatly so ose sea uw. & A, pallens,
Nodes not annulate; stamens 8, the anthers of 4
of them narrow and imperfect ; young branches
and panicles densely stellate-scaly 4... we 4 A. divaricatum,

Stamens 8 perfect se oes ww. 5. A, anomalum,

1. AwNpLictRUM LEPIDOTO-sETOSUM, King, n. sp. Young branches
slender, conspicuously annulate at the nodes, sparsely clothed with
coarse, spreading hairs with thickened points, the very youngest also
with deciduous, stellate hairs. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, 5-nerved ;
the base rounded and minutely cordate, the apex shortly caudate-acu-
minate; both surfaces glabrous except for a few coarse hairs near the
petiole; the lower shining and pale when dry; length 4°5 to 6 in.;
breadth 1:1 to 1-8 in.; petiole very short, attached to the cup-shaped,
densely rufous stellate-tomentose node and like it with scattered

464

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 57

bristle-hairs, Panicle terminal, solitary, shorter than the leaves, every-
where densely rusty-tomentose with long bristles intermixed, annulate
at the bases of the short, spreading, few-flowered branches. Calyx-tube
cylindric; the mouth undulate-truncate, obscurely toothed, its outer
surface stellate-lepidote with a few long bristles near the mouth.
Petals 4, ovate, glabrous. Stamens 8 (4 large and 4 small) ; the large
broad, and witha short, grooved ridge on the back near the base,
blunt; the 4 small linear, very acuminate. Capsule ovoid-globular,
truncate, nearly glabrous, ‘15 in. in diam.

Perak ; Scortechini 2106.

2. ANPLECTRUM GLAUCUM, Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII,
84 (excluding much of the synonymy). Scandent, to 20 or 30 feet;
young branches 4-grooved, stellate-hairy like the petioles and main
nerves of the leaves and the inflorescence, the nodes inconspicuously
annulate or transversely ridged. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, rounded or
slightly narrowed to the often slightly cordate base, the apex shortly
acuminate or acute, boldly 3-nerved; both surfaces glabrous except
for some scattered, stellate hairs; length 3 to 5 in.; breadth 1 to 2 in,;
petiole ‘5 to ‘25 in. Panicle large, terminal, solitary, several times.
larger than the leaves, pyramidal, its branches divaricate, many-
flowered. J lowers drooping, ‘4 or °5 in. long (including the stamens).
Calyx-tube funnel-shaped, sub-glabrous; the mouth truncate, not
toothed, everted with age, Petals ovate-lanceolate with truncate bases,
the apex acuminate. Stamens 4; anthers much curved, all perfect,
their bases not lobed but with a corrugated membranous process in
front. Ovary prominently 4-winged, Fruit truncate, sub-globular,
glabrous, ‘2 in. long (when dry). C. B.* Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br,
Ind. II, 545; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 566. A. cyanocarpum,
Kurz in Journ., As. Soc., 1877, pt. 2, p, 78 (not of Triana). Melastoma
glauca, Jack in Trans. Linn, Soc. XIV, 15; DC. Prodr., 151,
M, cernuum, Wall, Cat, 4055 (not of Roxb.). Osbeckia tetrandra, Roxb,
Fl, Ind. II, 224, Dissocheta glauca, Blume in Flora, 1831, p. 501,
D, spoliata, Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 69, t. 4, fig. 1.

In all the provinces, common. Dusrris, Sumatra, Java, Borneo.
. 3. ANPLECTRUM PALLENS, Blume, Mus, Bot. J, 38. Scandent, to 30
or 40 feet; young branches terete, glabrous or minutely puberalous,
especially near the slightly thickened and transversely ridged nodes,
round. Leuves oblong, the base rounded, the apex abruptly, bluntly and
shortly sub-caudate acuminate, 5-nerved (the marginal pair slender),
the edges (when dry) slightly recurved; upper surface glabrous, the
lower minutely and scantily stellate-puberulous ; length 1°5 to 4°5 in.,
breadth ‘5 to 1'5 in.; petiole ‘1 to ‘2in. Panicles axillary (abont as

65

58 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

long as the leaves) and terminal (much longer than the leaves), slender,
spreading, lax, rather few-flowered, with a small, blunt, oblong, deciduous
bract under each branch, finely rufous stellate-pubescent. lowers
about ‘4 in. long (including the stamens). OCalya-tube ovoid to
globular-ovoid, densely rufous-puberulous when young, glabrous when
old, the mouth slightly expanded and with very small teeth. Petals
ovate, acute, glabrous. Anthers; the four large much curved and sub-
acute; the rudimentary linear, acuminate. Capsule globose-oboyoid,
glabrous, ‘15 in. in diam, Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 303;
Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 303; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. II, 545; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 564. Melastoma
petiolare, Wall. Cat. 4053.

In all the provinces except the Andaman and Nicobar Islands;
not uncommon. Distrisn. Sumatra, Borneo.

4, ANPLECTRUM DIvARIcATUM, Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII,
84 (in part), tab. VI, fig. 90b. Scandent, to 20 or 80 feet; young
branches obscurely quadrangular, and like the petioles, nerves of the
leaves on both surfaces, and tle inflorescence, densely covered with
tawny, stellate scales, not annulate at the nodes. Leaves lanceolate,
acute or sub-acute, the base minutely cordate, 5-nerved, the marginal
pair slender; both surfaces, but especially the lower, with glandalar-
punctate scales between the nerves and veins; length 2 to 3 in.;
breadth *6 to 1'1 in.; petiole ‘15 to ‘25 in. Panicle solitary, terminal,
pyramidal, several times as long as the leaves, the branchlets divaricate,
each with two ovate-lanceolate, ciliate, furfuraceous, deciduous bracts at
its base and three flowers in a cyme at the apex. Flowers ‘4 in. long,
on short pedicels. Petals oblong, acute. Calyx-tube narrowly obovoid,
campanulate, truncate, densely furfuraceous stellate-tomentose, Anthers
8; the 4 large thick and much curved, obtuse; the smaller narrow.
Capsule globose-obovoid, with a narrow, everted rim, length ‘15 to ‘2
in. C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 546; Cogn. in DC. Mon.
Phan. VIT, 567. Melastoma divaricatum, Willd. Spec. Pl. IT, 596; DC.
Prodr. III, 150, MM. polyanthum, Benth. in Wall. Cat. 4051. Disso-
cheta divaricata and D. pepericarpa, Naud. Aun. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV,
70 and 71, D. anceps, Naud, lc. 70. D. palembanica, Mig. Fl. Ind.
Bat. Suppl. 317.

Manacea; Grifith (K.D.) 2288/1: Maingay (K.D.) 794: Harvey.
Penanc; Wallich 4051. Perak; King’s Collector 369. Duistrip. Java,
Borneo, Sumatra. 7

5. ANPLECTRUM ANOMALUM, King and Stapf, n. sp. A woody
creeper, 20 to 100 feet long; young branches as thick as a wheat-straw,
terete, covered with stellate, rusty scurf. Leaves coriaceous, 0 bo vate

466

a

Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Pentnsuld. 59

oblong, blunt, much narrowed to the base, 3-nerved, glabrous on the
upper, rusty stellate-hairy on the lower surface like the petioles and
inflorescences ; length 1 to 1°5 in.; breadth ‘6 to ‘9 in.; petiole ‘2 in.
Panicles terminal, sometimes leafy, 3 to 6 in. long, lax, the branches
in pairs, divaricate, many-flowered, minutely bracteolate at the divisions,
Flowers °35 in. long, the pedicels somewhat longer. Petals oblong,
obtuse, waxy, reflexed, pale greenish-white. Stamens 8, equal; anthers
inflexed in aestivation, lanceolate-subulate, the base of the Jobes produced —
into an elongated halbert-shaped process with two erect subulate
processes at its broad upper end. J ruit (not quite ripe) ovoid-globose,
greenish-yellow, °2 in. in diam.
Perak ; King’s Collector 5779, 10357.

This plant differs from Anplectrum, as the genus has hitherto been limited, in
having 8 anthers, each of which has a very much produced halbert-shaped basal
process, from which two erect hair-like appendages originate at the upper or broad
end. The plant agrees better with Anplectrwm than with any other Melastomaceous
genus, but it might possibly be better treated as the basis of a new one. :

13. Mepinitia, Gaud.

Branching shrubs, erect or scandent. Leaves opposite or whorled,
rarely alternate, entire, often fleshy, mostly glabrous, usually longitudi-
nally 3-9-nerved. lowers in terminal panicles or lateral cymes, white
or rose, with or without bracts, 4- or 5-, rarely 6-merous. Calya-tube
ovoid or cylindric, limb truncate or obscurely toothed. Stamens twice
as many as the petals, equal or nearly equal (rarely unequal); anthers
opening at the top by one pore; connective not (or very shortly) pro-
duced at the base but having two tubercles in front and a spur behind.
Ovary inferior, 4—6-celled, usually glabrous at the apex; style filiform ;
ovules very many, placentas axile. Berry crowned by the limb of the
calyx. Seeds very many, ovoid or subfalcate, raphe often thickened and
excurrent.—Disrris. Species about 100; mainly in Malaya, Hast
Bengal and Ceylon; a few in the Fiji Archipelago and in the Hast
African islands.

Flowers 4-merous :—
Leaves alternate... an as ... I, M. scandens.
Leaves in whorls (large) ove ne ... 2, M. speciosa.
Leaves opposite :—
Flowers in terminal panicles, anthers dissimilar .. 3. MM, heteranthera.
Flowers in lateral panicles, anthers similar :—
Auther-cells with tubercles at their bases in front,
and a short spur from the connective behind :—
Flowers 1 in, long eee coe we 4. M. venusta.

467

60 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Flowers under ‘5 in, long
Leaves petiolate 64s “6 ee oO} M, Hasseltit.

Leaves sessile 2 6. M. Scortechinii.
Anther-cells with tubercles at the le in Powe:
but no spur from the connective behind _ oe 7, HM. Maingayi,

Flowers 5-merous :—
Leaves in whorls :—
Leaves elliptic or obovate, blunt, 1 to 2°75 in, long,

fruit ‘15 in. in diam. ‘hs eos » 8. M. Clarkez.
Leaves oblanceolate or narrowly obovate, acuminate,

3 to 5 in. long; fruit ‘4 in. in diam. Bhs w. 9 M. crassinervia.
Leaves elliptic-rotund, blunt, 2°5 to 5°5 in. long;

fruit ‘35 in. in diam. ee cee we 10. M. perakensis.

1. Mepinitta scanpens, King, n. sp. A climber, 15 to 30 feet long,
rooting and adhering to trees; the stems rough, as thick as a swan’s
quill, Leaves alternate, glabrous, long-petioled, subcoriaceous, elliptic
or ovate-oblong, shortly acuminate, the base cuneate; nerves 5 to 7,
mostly from the midrib above its base; length 4°5 to 9 in.; breadth
2°5 to 6 in.; petioles 1:5 to 7 in. Flowers ‘4 in. long, in sence fascicles
in the axils of fallen leaves, on rusty-puberulous, minutely bracteolate
pedicels. Calyz-tube narrowly campanulate; the limb very slightly
expanded, truncate, very obscurely toothed. Petals 4, ovate-oblong,
acute. Stamens 8; anthers narrowly elliptic, with a loug apical l-pored
beak ; and at the base a short, broad, blunt process from the connective
behind, the lobes of the anthers slightly produced in front and minutely
tuberculate.

Perak; Scortechini 86 and 150; King’s Collector 1814.

This resembles M. alternifolia, Blume, but has a much shorter spur from the
connective at the base of the anthers. It has also larger leaves and more numerous
flowers in the fascicles.

2. Mbpininia sezctosa, Blume in Flora, 1831, p. 515. A glabrous
shrub or small tree, not epiphytal ; young branches as thick as the little
finger, 3- or 4-angled; the bark shining, pale when dry, bearing at the
nodes numerous stout, subulate bristles ‘5 in. long. Leaves large, sub-
coriaceous, in whorls of 3 (rarely of 4) or in pairs, sessile, or very
shortly petiolate, oblanceolate or obovate-oblong, sometimes elliptic,
acute, the base-cuneate, nerves 7 to 2 mostly from the midrib above its
base, all except the lowest pair bold, the veins slender ; length 6 to 12 in. ;
breadth 2°75 to 5 in. Panicles lateral and terminal, 4 to 8 or even 14
in. long, on peduncles equally long, many-flowered ; the branches with
a whorl of small reflexed bracts at their bases; whorled, spreading,
minutely bracteolate at the divisions. Caly-tube cupular, slightly con-
stricted below the narrow, minutely 4-toothed limb, Petals 4, ovate-

468

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 61

acute. Fruit ovoid, ‘3in, indiam. Bot. Mag. t. 4321; Morren in Ann.
Soc. Hort. Gand. V, 281; Naud.in Ann, Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 291; Mig.
Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, p. 540; Triana in Linn. Trans. XXVIII, 87;
C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 549. Melastoma eximium,
Blume Bijdr. (not of Jack). Melastoma speciosum, Reinw. ex Blume,
in Flora, 1831, 516. .

Matacoa; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 798. Prnayo; Hullett 203;
Curtis 874; King’s Collector 1595. Perak; Wray 8218; King’s Collector
2652. Distris. Moluccas, Java, Sumatra.

3. MEDINILLA HETERANTHERA, King, n. sp. Epipytal and terres-
trial; branches slender, smooth, reddish when fresh, drying dark
purplish-brown. Leaves of the pairs somewhat uneqnal, ovate-lanceolate
to lanceolate, acuminate, the base slightly narrowed, giabrous, 3-nerved ;
length 2°5 to 5°25 in.; breadth 1 to 1:8 in.; petioles °3 to'8 in. Panicles
terminal on the branches, half as long as the leaves, corymbosely
eymose, 5- or 6-flowered, minutely bracteolate. lowers ‘75 in. Jong,
their pedicels much shorter. Calyx-tube cylindric, the mouth wide and
with 4 broad, shallow teeth. Petals 4, ovate-lanceolate, shortly acumi-
nate. Stamens 8; anthers unequal, the larger four twice as long as
the shorter four, all curved, much acuminate and with two tubercles
at the base in front, the shorter 4 with a short spur on the connective
behind, the larger with no spur. Fruit globular-ovoid, crowned by the
wide calyx-limb, °35 in. in diam.

Perak; Scortechint 341; King’s Collector, 3291, 3644, 6804, 6904
Wray 397 ; at elevations of from 3000 to 4500 feet,

This resembles M. Horsfieldii, Miq..—a species from Java and Borneo—which
however has 5-merous flowers, obovate petals and leaves of thinner texture.
According to Scortechini the petals are waxy white tinged with red and the stamens
are yellow.

Var, latifolia. Leaves broadly elliptic, shortly acuminate, the base
cuneate, 2°5 to 3°75 in. long and 1°5 to 2 in. broad.

Perak; Kiny’s Collector 8917; Wray 268.

A, Goer VENUSTA, Kine n. sp. Epiphytal, 2 to 4 feet long,
glabrous; branches stout, with large, scattered tubercles, glabrous.
Leaves large, opposite, thinly coriaceous, sessile, elliptic, shortly acumi-
nate, narrowed to the base, boldly 3-nerved above the base with often
a faint, small, basal, marginal pair; length 6 to 9 in.; breadth 2°75 to
4in. Qymes much shorter than the leaves, laxly umbellate, axillary
or from the axils of fallen leaves, about 6-flowered; the pedicels
slender, bibracteolate at the base. Flowers. nearly lin. long. Calya-
tube campanulate, ‘35 in. long, with a narrow, obscurely 4-toothed limb.

469

w te

62 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Petals 4, broadly ovate, acute. Stamens 8; anthers equal, linear-lanceo-
late, much acuminate, curved, the tubercles at the front of the base
as long as the posterior basal spur from the counective. Fruit
unknown.

Perak ; King’s Collector 2390.

5. Meprnitta Hassevri, Blume in Flora, 1831, p. 518. Epiphytal
on trees, 3 or 4 feet high; branches slender, terete, pale, more or less
prominently warted (the warts black), Leaves opposite, coriaceous,
oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, narrowed to the rounded base, 3-nerved,
with sometimes a faint, additional lateral pair; length 4°5 to 5:5 in. ;
breadth 1:25 to 1:75 in; petioles ‘15 to °35 in. Cymes axillary or from
the axils of fallen leaves, Jess than half as long as the leaves, (more than
half as long in var. Griffithii), broader than long; the branches divari-
cate, 8-12-flowered, minutely bracteolate. Flowers '35 in. long. Calyz-
tube campanulate-cylindric, somewhat constricted below the minutely
4-toothed mouth. Petals 4, obovate-oblong, Stamens 8, equal; the
anthers linear-oblong, somewhat curved, the base with two short, black,
conical protuberances in front anda similar one behind. Fruit globular,
truncate, °2 to ‘25 in. in diam. Mig. Fl. Ind. I, pt. I, 542; C. B.
Clarke in Hook. fil. FJ. Br. Ind. II, 547; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII,
586, Melastoma laurifoliwm in Wall. Cat. 4084 (mot of Blume).
Medinilla crassifolia, Triana in Trans. Linn, Soc. XXVIII, 86 (in
part).

Matacca ; Grijith (Kew Distrib.) 2282; Maingay (Kew Distrib.)
797, Wallich 4084, Perak; very common, Sincapore; Anderson.
Suncer Usone; Ridley 2205, Serancore; Curtis 2334; Ridley 286.
PanGKorE; Ourtis 1642.

Distris. Java, Sumatra.

Var. Grifithti, C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I], 547,
Cymes much branched, more than half as long as the leaves, many-
flowered.

Mauacca; Griffith (Kew Distrib.) 2282.

6. MepinItuA ScortecHiniu, King, n. sp. Epiphytal, 3 or 4 feet
high; stems as thick as a goose-quill, the bark brown (when dry),
sparsely verrucellate, Leaves opposite, coriaceous, glabrous, sessile,
stem-clasping, oblong-ovate to oblong, shortly acuminate, the base
sub-cordate, 3-nerved, with occasionally a faint pair at the margin;
length 45 to 6°5 in.; breadth 15 to 2°75 in. Panicles cymose, axillary,
rather shorter than the leaves, very lax, spreading; the branches
slender, minutely bracteolate at the divarications; the branchlets
compressed, sometimes 2-winged. Flowers nearly *4 in. long, on pedicels
as long as themselves. Calyx-tube campanulate, the mouth not much

470

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 63

expanded, obscurely 4-toothed. Petals 4, oblong, acute, reflexed.
Stamens 8; anthers curved, linear-lanceolate, with a short 1-pored
apical process ; the base with a short, sharp, downward-pointing spur
from the connective; the bases of the anther-cells each with a linear,
curved, small tubercle as long as the spur, and like it dark in colour
when dry. Fruit ovoid-globular, ‘2 in. in diam.

Perak; Scortechini 307, 478, 622; Curtis 1297; Wray 391, 1739;
King’s Collector 4188.

The nearest ally of this is M, javanensis, Bl.

7. Meptniita Matnaayt, C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II,
549, A small epiphyte with slender, terete, pale, smooth branches.
Leaves opposite, thinly coriaceous, obovate, with rounded apices and
cuneate bases, obscurely 3-nerved, the lower surface rather paler thar. the
upper when dry; length °65 to 1:25 in.; breadth *5 to ‘75 in. ; petiole -05
to‘2in. Cymes much shorter than the leaves, with short, divaricate,
broadly bracteolate branches, few-flowered. Flowers *25 in. long, their
pedicels shorter. Caly«-tube narrowly campanulate, with a slightly
expanded, minutely 4-toothed limb. Petals 4, lanceolate, sparsely
strigose outside. Sfamens 8; anthers lanceolate, without protuberences
at the base in front, but with a short spur behind. Fruit unknown.
Cogn. in. DC, Mon. Phan. VII, 586.

Matacca ; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 806, 807. Prrax; Wray 3781.
Sincapore ; Ridley 1652, 2018. Panane; Ridley 2663.

8. Mepininita Crarket, King, n. sp. A small epiphyte; young
branches with dark, rough, tubercled bark. eaves in whorls of three
or four, broadly elliptic to obovate, blunt or subacute, the base cuneate ;
the upper surface rugulose and green when dry, the lower pale-brown;
length 1 to 2°75 in., breadth °75 to 1°8 in.; petiole ‘4 to ‘8 in., puberu-
lons. Cymes about as long as the leaves or slightly longer, from the
axils of fallen leaves, on slender pedicels from ‘5 to ‘75 in. long, the
branches whorled, spreading, minutely bracteolate at the divisions;
pedicels slender. Flowers 20 to 30, 3 in. in length. Calyx-tube cupular,
the mouth truncate and usually obscurely toothed, sometimes distinctly
5-toothed. Petals 5, broadly ovate to rotund, blunt. Stamens 10;
anthers linear-lanceolate ; the base with two small tubercles in front,
and a small spur behind. Fruzt globular-truncate, 15 in. in diam.
M. rosea, C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 547 (not of Gaudichand).

Matacca; Grifith (Kew Distrib.) 2282; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) ©
796 ; Stoliczka in Herb. Cale. Perak; Scortechinit 243; Wray 206, 412,
3831, 4084; King’s Collector 7333; at elevations of from 3000 to 5000
feet. . ’

471

64 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

‘Mf. rosea, Gaud., to which this plant has been referred in the Flora of British
India, is a tetramerous species from the Marianne Islands. It has, morever, larger
flowers than this and larger, more acute leaves. This plant varies in the size of
its leayes: specimens collected at tbe highest elevations having the largest leaves,
The structure of the flowers is, however, uniform.

9, MeDINILLA CRASSINERVIA, Blumein Flora, 1831, 510. Branches
with pale bark, the older terete, the youngest striate when dry.
Leaves in whorls of 3, coriaceous, broadly oblanceolate, or narrowly
obovate, shortly and abruptly acuminate, much narrowed to the base,
3-nerved from a little above the base, occasionally with two short
lateral faint nerves from the very base; length 3 to 5 in.; breadth 1°5
to 2 in.; petiole 35 to °75 in. Flowers in short fascicles on the stem
below the leaves, in few-flowered pedunculate cymes, mixed with a
few solitary, on pedicels *5 in. long. Calya-tube ovoid-campanulate, the
mouth truncate and almost entire. Stamens 10, subequal; the basal
anterior processes broad and about as long as the filiform posterior spur,
Fruit globose with a cylindric truncate mouth, ‘4 in. across. Blume
Rumphia I, 15; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 545; Cogn. in DC. Mon,
Phan. VII, 574. MM. macrocarpa, Clarke (not of Blume) in Hook. fil,
Fl. Br. Ind. IJ, 547.

Sincapore; Ridley 1637. Prnane; Curtis 2225. Prrak; Wray
1821. Maracca; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 799. Disrris. Borneo.

True M. macrocarpa, Bl., is represented in the Kew Herbarinm by a single
specimen collected by Blume in the Moluccas, The flowers on it. have, as described
by the anthor of the species, an irregularly toothed calyx-limb, The plant now
described differs in having an almost entire truncate limb, and I follow Cogniaux in
referring it to M. crassinervia, Bl. In the Flora of British India it is, however,
referred to M. macrocarpa, Bl.

10. MeptnintA PERAKENSIS, King, nu. sp. Epiphytal; branches
terete, glabrous, tubercled. Leaves in whorls of 3 or 4, coriaceous,
elliptic-rotund, blunt, the base rounded and narrowly cordate, glabrous ;
5-nerved, the lateral pair of nerves faint ; length 2°5 to 5°5 in. ; breadth
1:75 to 3°75 in. ; petioles 6 to 1‘2 in. Panicles cymose, on rather long
peduncles from the axils of fallen leaves, shorter than the leaves,
lax, 12- to 20-flowered ; branches spreading, whorled, 2—3-chotomons.
Flowers ‘5 in. long, their pedicels °35 in. Calyz-tube cupular; the limb
but little expanded, cut into 5 shallow, broad teeth. Petals 5, oblong,
‘Anthers 10, curved, with 2 yellow tubercles at the base in front and a
short spur behind from the connective. Fruit *35 in. in diam.; the
seeds oblong, obtuse, with an excurrent tail, the testa pitted.

Perak ; Scortechint 410; Wray.

Collected only by the late Father Scortechini and Mr, Wray. According to the
field-note of the former, the petals and anthers are white and the fruit blueish-

A72

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 65

carnation. The nearest ally of this is M. montana, Cogn.—a New Guinea species—
which has however, longer flowers, a wider calyx-tube, more slender branches which
are moreover smooth, and narrower leaves narrowed at the base.

14, PocGonantHera, Blume.

Shrubs; branches round, minutely scaly. Leaves opposite, petioled,
oblong or ovate, entire, glabrous, 3-nerved. Flowers small, pulverulent,
in small, terminal panicles having opposite, cymose branches. Calyz-
tube narrowly campanulate, subquadrangular; limb 4-toothed. Petals
4, oblong-lanceolate. Stamens 8, equal; anthers oblong, acute, opening
by a terminal pore, not produced at the base; connective at the base
bearded behind with a tuft of hairs, not spurred. Ovary half-inferior,
4-celled, with a tuft of hairs at the apex; style filiform; ovules very
many, placentas axile. Berry small, globose, 4-celled, crowned with
the calyx-limb. Seeds very many, obovoid-oblong, smooth. Distr,
Species 2; Malayan.

PoOGONANTHERA PULVERULENTA, Blume in Flora, 1831, 521. An
epiphytic shrub, all parts (but especially the calyx-tube) bearing
pale yellow scales; the stems sparsely lenticellate. Leaves rather
fleshy, ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, acute or shortly acuminate,
the base more or less narrowed and bituberculate, 5-5-nerved; the
margins obscurely crenate and slightly reflexed ; upper surface glabrous,
the lower paler and minutely pulverulent ; length 3 to 6°5 in.; breadth
1:75 to 3 in.; petiole °25 to 6 in., stout. Panicles terminal, 2 to 3 in.
long and equally broad, cymose, the branches spreading. Calyx-tube
sub-cylindric, constricted below the expanded 4-toothed mouth, very
scaly. Petals 4, oblong, densely scaly externally. Stamens 8; anthers
lanceolate, the connective with a tuft of hairs at thebasebehind. Fruit
pisiform, 15 in. indiam. Korth. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Bot. t. 65; Griff,
Notul. IV. 678; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 553; Triana.in Trans, Linn.
Soc. XXVIII, 89; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IJ, 550;
Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 610. P. veflexa, Blume in Flora, 1831,
521; Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I, 24; Naud. Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV,
303, tab. 15, fig. 1; Triana lc. 8¢; Beccari Malesia, II, 241, tab. LIX,
4-5, P. squamulata, Korth. (ex Blume) Mus. Bot. 1, 24. Melastoma
refleca, Reinw. ined. (ex Blume in Flora, 1831, 521), M. rubicunda,
Jack in Trans. Linn. Soc. XIV, 19; Wall. Cat. 4086. M. pulverulenta,
Jack in Trans, Linn. Soc. XIV, 19; DC. Prodr. ITI, 149; Blume
in Bijdr., 1072.

Sincapore; Perak; Maracca; Penanc; common. Dristris. Java,

Sumatra, Borneo. ;
473

66 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

I have followed Mr. Clarke in reducing P. refleza, Bl. here, as I can find no
tangible character to separate it. P. refleva is said to have white tumid petals not
toothed on the margin, while typical P. pulverulenta is described as having red
petals with a single tooth on each margin. The union of the two species was
suggested by Naudin.

15. Pacnycentria, Blume.

Glabrous, often scandent shrubs, with cylindric or obscurely angled,
pulverulent branches. Leaves somewhat fleshy, oblong or ovate-lanceo-
late, entire or obscurely crenulate. Flowers small, rose-coloured,
corymbose, the pedicels 2-bracteolate, 4-merous. Calyx-tube ovoid or
turbinate, the part beyond the ovary angular, constricted below the
obscurely 4-toothed mouth. Petals ovate or oblong, subacute or acumi-
nate. Stamens 8, equal; anthers linear-oblong or subulate, rostrate at the
apex and minutely 1-pored ; the connective not produced at the base, in-
appendiculate in front but minutely spurred at the back. Ovary
adherent beyond its middle, 4-celled, its apex free, conic, angled; style
filiform, the stigma obtuse or capitate. Berry globose, crowned by the
limb of the calyx. Seeds dimidiately obovoid, the raphe lateral.
Distris. About 12 species, all Malayan.

PACHYCENTRIA TUBERCULATA, Korth. Ver. Nat. Gesch. Bot. 246, +. 63.
Epiphytic; branches as thick asa swan’s quill, glabrous below but
with rusty scurf near the apices, the bark pale; the roots bearing
woody tubercles. Leaves somewhat fleshy, narrowly elliptic-oblong,
subacute, narrowed at the base, the edges entire, 3-nerved; length
25-45 in.; breadth ‘9-125 in,; petioles ‘15-2 in. Panicles terminal
or axillary, pedunculate; the branches spreading, cymose, 2-2°5 in.
long and as wide. Flowers ‘25 in. long, the pedicels shorter. Calya-
tube campanulate, the mouth truncate, obscurely 4-lobed. Petals 4,
lanceolate. Stamens 8, equal, shortly spurred at the base behind,
Fruit globular, glabrous, ‘15 in. in diam. Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.
Bat. I, 23; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 552; Triana in Linn. Trans.
XXVII, 89, tab. VII, fig. 95a,

Perak ; King’s Collector 1707, 10569; Wray 3422; Scortechini 260,
550, 1961. Sincapore; Agderson 55. Penana; Curtis 347; Hullett 158.
Distris. Borneo, Burma (Tenasserim, Griffith). ,

16. Astronia, Blume,

Shrubs with opposite, petioled, ovate or oblong, entire, 3-nerved
leaves. Flowers in terminal panicles, small, white or purple. Calyz-
tube campanulate; limb irregularly truncate or 3-8-lobed. Petals 4-5.
Stamens 8-10-12, equal; filaments short, broad ; anthers short, obtuse,

474,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 67

opening by slits down the front, connective spurred at the base or
unappendaged. Ovary inferior, 2-5-celled, glabrous at the apex; style
short, stigma capitellate; ovules numerous, placentas axile, nearly
basal. Capsule finally breaking up irregularly. Seeds very many,
linear, raphe excurrent.—DistRis. Species 24; in Malaya and the
Pacific Islands.

ASTRONIA SMILACIFOLIA, Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 152.
Young shoots, petioles, under surfaces of the young leaves and inflor-
escence rufous-lepidote. Leaves oblong, tapering to each end, the
transverse nerves stout and distant; length 3°5-5'5 in., breadth 1° 5-2 5
in.; petiole ‘75-1 in. Panicle asiilly terminal, dohdenwed, 1-2 in. in
diam. ; branches numerous, short, the pedicels shorter than the globular,
minutely 5-toothed calyx-tube, Petals reflexed, obovate. Fruit sub-
globular, truncate at the apex, ‘25 in. in diam. C. B. Clarke in Hook:
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 550; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1094. Mela-
stoma smilacifolia, Wall. Cat. 4057. thee

Prenane; Wallich, Curtis. Mauacca; Maingay (K.D.) 508. Perak ;
Scortechint 683; Wray 2813.

Var. lepidophylla, Scort. MSS. Arboreous ; inflorescence, leaves on
the under surface and petioles (when young) densely covered with
deciduous scales.

Perak; Scortechini 1875; King’s Collector 7270, 2027.

This variety is described by Scortechini and Kunstler as a tree 50-80 feet high,
the typical form never being more than a large bush.

17. Prernanpra, Jack.

Large shrubs or trees, glabrous or minutely pubescent. Leaves
sub-coriaceous or coriaceous, opposite, short-petioled or sub-sessile, entire,
3-5-nerved. Flowers solitary and axillary on long peduncles, or in
axillary or teminal, often very short, and clustered cymes; the pedicels
often 2-bracteolate. Calya-tube campanulate or hemispheric, tesselate,
verrucose, or covered with more or less adpressed, often puberulous scales
the mouth truncate, often 4-toothed. Petals 4, ovate or oblong, blueish
or white. Stamens 8, equal in length, but the anthers of some of them
often imperfect, perfect anthers broad, blunt, shortly spurred behind
but never in front, dehiscing by slits, the filaments stout, often genicu-
late. Ovary inferior, 4-celled: the apex glabrous, depressed or flat ;
style filiform; stigma clavate; ovules numerous, placentas sub-basal.
Berry subglobose or ovoid, truncate or surmounted by the calyx-teeth,
scaly or smooth. Seeds cuneate-ovoid, or obovoid, angular.— Disrrie,
Species about 12; in Malaya and the Philippines.

475

68 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Calyx-tube tesselate outside, not covered with distinct
scales ee. eee toe ae .- Ll. P. cerulescens.
Calyx-tube covered with large distinct scales :—~
Young branches and under surfaces of leaves
rusty-pubescent; calyx-tube ‘2-3 in. long, covered
with more or less spreading scales; teeth of calyx
spreading, elongate, acuminate oe we 2. P. echinata.
Young branches and under surfaces of leaves
glabrous; calyx-tube ‘15 in. long, its scales
adpressed ; teeth of calyx broadly triangular, blunt,
reflexed ove os a ooo 6s EL. Gregitne.

1. PreRNANDRA C@RULESCENS, Jack in Mal. Mise. II, 61. A tree;
young branches cylindric with deciduous, dark-brown, glabrous bark and
slightly thickened nodes with obscure transverse ridges. Leaves
chartaceous or sub-coriaceous, broadly ovate, ovate-lanceolate, ovate-
oblong or elliptic, much narrowed at the base, the apex shortly
acuminate, 3-5-nerved; both surfaces glabrous; length 25-5 in. (10
in. in var. 2); breadth 1:25-2°5 in., (to 5 in. in var, 2) petiole ‘1-2 in.
Flowers in short, axillary, pedunculate ‘cymes (often several from one
axil), or in terminal cymes, shorter than the leaves. Calya-tube
cylindric-campanulate, ‘15 in. long, tesselate; the mouth truncate but
with 4 small, erect, triangular teeth. Petals thick, ovate, reflexed after
expansion. Stamens 8, equal in length; the filaments short, geniculate ;
perfect anthers 4 or 0, broadly ovate, blunt, shortly spurred behind, the
remaining 3 or 4 imperfect, as long as but much narrower than the
perfect. Fruit turbinate or sub-hemispheric, truncate, nearly smooth,
‘15-3 in. in diam. Wall. Cat. 4077; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc.
XXVIII, 153; Kurz, For. Fl. I, 509 and in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, pt. II,
79; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 551; Cogn. in DC. Mon.
Phan. VII, 1103. Hwyckia cyanea, Blume Rumph. I. 24, t. 5; Migq.
Fl. Ind, Bat. I, pt. 1, 568; Triana lec. H. Jackiana, Walp. Rep. V. 724.
Apteuwis trinervis, Griff. Notul. IV, 672.—Nov. Gen. Roxb. FI. Ind. 1I, 225.

In all the provinces except the Andaman Islands.

A common and variable plant of which four forms seem worthy of separation as
varieties. ‘hese, however, pass into each other by numerous connecting specimens.
One variety (Jackiana) differs from the typical-plant in having few-flowered -almost
sessile cymes; a second (capitellata) has sub-sessile cymes and much larger leaves
and the third (paniculata) is probably only an example of fasciation.

Var. 1. Jackiana, Clarke in Fl. Br. Ind. II, 551. Flowers in very
short, few-flowered, almost sessile, axillary cymes. Leaves as in the
typical form but with slightly longer petioles. 2

In all the provinces except the Andaman and Nicobar Islands,
equally abundant with the typical form.

476

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 69

Var. 2. capitellata, King. Leaves thicker in'texture than in the
typical form (sub-coriaceous), broadly elliptic to sub-orbicular, with 3
very strong nerves and a fainter marginal pair; length 45-10 in.;
breadth 2°75-5 in., petiole ‘2-3 in. Flowers in dense, very shortly-
stalked, axillary glomeruli composed of numerous 3-flowered cymes very
much shorter than the leaves. Pternandra capitata, Jack in. Mal. Mise.
IT, addenda prefixed to the paper p. 3; Wall. Cat. 4079; W. and A.
Prodr. 325; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. II, 153; Kurz, For. FI. I, 509
and in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, pt. II, 79; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. FI.
Br. Ind. IJ, 551; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1103. Hwyckia capi-
tellata, Walp. Rep. V, 724; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 568.
E. medinilliformis, Naud. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XVIII, 261.

SmncGapoRe; Wallich 4079. Penana; Curtis 67; King. Prrax;
Scortechint 43, 1043; Wray 1971. Matacca; Maingay 802 (K D.);
Helfer (K.D.) 2279. !

Var. 3. paniculata, King. Flowers in large, lax, terminal, much
branched, few-flowered, leafy and bracteolate panicles. Leaves of the
stem 2-6 in. long and from ‘9-2°75 in. broad, those of the panicle from
‘75-2 in. long and ‘15-8 in. broad. LP. paniculata, Benth. in Wall. Cat,
4080; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I], 551; Cogn. in DC,
Mon. Phan. VII, 1104. Hwyckia latifolia, Blume Mus. Bot. I, 6.
Hi. cyanea, var. latifolia, Korth. ex Miq, Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 568,
E. paniculata, Miq. |.c. Suppl. 321. Pternadra latifolia, Triana in Linn.
Trans. XXVIII, 153. :

PenanG; Wallich 4080; Curtis 2768. Matacca; Grigith (K.D.)
2273. Perax; Scortechini 248, 1303; Wray 92. Duisrris.; Borneo,
Bangka. .

2. PrerNanpRA ECHINATA, Jack, Mal. Mis. II, n. 9 and add. prop. 3,
A small tree; young branches quadrangular, thickened and with
transverse ridges at the nodes, minutely rusty-pubescent. Leaves sub-
coriaceous, boldly 3-nerved, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 3-nerved,
narrowed to the base, shortly acuminate at the apex; upper surface
glabrous; the lower puberulous or sub-glabrous, minutely reticulate ;
length 2°5-45 in.; breadth ‘75-1'75 in.; petiole ‘05-2 in. Flowers
axillary and solitary on pedicels longer than themselves, or in threes in
terminal pedunculate cymes, the pedicels of both sets of flowers with
one or more pairs of curved, linear-oblong bracteoles. Calyz-iube widely
campanulate, ‘2-3 in. long, closely covered with triangular rusty-
pubescent scales, those nearest the mouth longest, most acute, and most
persistent ; the mouth truncate and with 4 narrow, acuminate teeth.
Petals broadly ovate-quadrate, abruptly and shortly acute, the edges
undulate, blue. Anthers broadly ovate, on thick short filaments,

477

70 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Fruit sub- hemispheric, truncate, sub-echinate, ‘35 in. in diam. Wall.
Cat. 4078. Kibessia echinata, Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1108.
Kibessia simplex, Korth. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Bot. 253; Blume, Mus.
Bot. I, 9; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 152; C. B. Clarke in
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 552. Kibess¢a eupularis, Dene in Deless. Ie.
Sel. V, t.5; Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XV, 317. K. acuminata, Dene in
Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 3, V, 316; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII,
153. °
Matacca and SINGAPORE ; not uncommon ; many collectors.

I cannot see how K. acuminata, Dene, is to be distinguished asa +2i:s andl
reduce it here without any hesitation.

Var. pubescens, King. Bases of leaves somewhat rounded and
sub-cordate ; young branches, under surfaces of leaves and panicles
with much minute rusty pubescence. P. echinata, Jack, Wall. Cat.
4078a. Kibessia pubescens, Dene in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 3, V,318 ; Triana
in Linn. Trans. XXVIII, 152; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
II, 552; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1108.

PenanG, Matacca, Perak,

I cannot see what claim this has to specific rank, To me it appears to be a
variety and not a very distinct one of P. echinata, Jack. Wallich did not even regard
it aS a variety and issued it as true P. echinata. ‘his form, in the three provinces
where it occurs, appears to be very common.

3. Preranpra GrirrirHil, King, n. sp. A small tree; young
branches cylindric, very little thickened at the nodes, glabrous. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, elliptic to ovate-oblong, narrowed at the non-cordate
(cordate in var.) base, the apex very shortly acuminate or acute,
3-nerved ; both surfaces glabrous, shining; length 2°25-4 in.; breadth
1-2 in. ; petiole ‘15-2 in, Flowers in 2-3- rarely 5—7-flowered, axillary,
bracteolate cymes shorter than the leaves, rarely in crowded, terminal
eymes; bracteoles ovate, acute, minute. Calyw-tube widely campanulate,
‘15 in. long, covered with adpressed, triangular, puberulous scales; the
mouth with 4 large, blunt, triangular teeth. Petals orbicular-ovate,
undulate, abruptly and shortly apiculate-spreading, not calyptrate.
Stamens 8, equal; the anthers short, thick, about as long as the
filaments, gibbous at the base behind, inserted at an obtuse angle on
the filaments. J’ruit globular-ovoid, truncate at the mouth, covered by
the persistent scales, under ‘2 in. in diam.

Matacca; Griffith (K.D.) 2272/1; Penance; Curtis 958.

Griffith’s specimens of this (2272/1) have been referred by M. Cogniaux (DC.
Mon. Phan. VII, 1110) to Rectomitra tuberculata Bl, but comparison in the Kew
Herbarium with two authentic specimens of that ‘plant collected in Sumatra and

478

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 71

issued from the Leiden Herbarium shew that this differs from Blume’s plant.
Specimens of this were originally collected by Griffith in 1845, and as none had
been gathered until Curtis’s in 1886, the species is presumably a rare one,

Var. cordata, King. Leaves with cordate bases.

PENANG; Curtis 453. Perak; Wray 1994.

18. Menecyzon, Linn.

Shrubs or trees, glabrous. Leaves opposite, short-petioled or sessile,
coriaceous or sub-coriaceous, orbicular, ovate or lanceolate, entire,
pinnate-nerved or rarely 3-nerved. Flowers usually in small, axillary,
rarely terminal, simple or panicled cymes or umbels, Calyz-tube cam-
panulate, glabrous; limb dilated, truncate or shortly 4-lobed. Petals 4,
blue or white, rarely reddish. Stamens 8, equal, filaments long; anthers
short, opening by slits in front, connective ending in a horn behind.
Ovary inferior, 1l-celled; apex glabrous, Surmounted by a eonvex or
depressed disc with 8 radiating grooves ; style filiform, simple ; ovules
6-12, whorled on a free-central placenta. Berry globose or ellipsoid,
crowned with the ealyx-margin, 1-seeded. Seed large, cotyledons
convolute.—Distris. Species about 130; numerous in South-East Asia
and its islands; a few extending into Polynesia and Australia, several
in tropical Africa. |

Leaves boldly 3-nerved from base to apex ie on Le We oligoneuron,
Leaves with pinnate nervation, sessile or subsessile :—
Main nerves of leaves distinctly visible when dry, inter-
arching but not forming (except in No. 3) a bold intra-
marginal nerve; leaves thinly coriaceous or membranous,
small, not exceeding 4 in, in length :—
Young branches boldly 4-angled or winged; inflor-
escence very shortly stalked (the stalk not manifest) :—
Young branches 4-winged :—
Cymes solitary, 3- or 4-flowered ; leaves narrowly

lanceolate, °6 to 1 in. broad ‘can we «= - 2, M. epiphytiewm,
Cymes solitary, 8- to 10-flowered ; leaves ovate- or
oblong-lanceolate, 1°35 to 1°85 in. broad we «= Ss M. fruticosum,

Cymes several from the same axil, compoundly
umbellate, 1°55 to 25 in. long, many-flowered, ,
pubescent; leaves elliptic much narrowed to each

end ... Sa: ase ie ow. 4 M. pubescens,
Young branches 4-angled, never winged and some-
times sub-terete :—

Cymes 3- to 5-flowered: leaves lanceolate, 1 to 2

in. broad wus es ie ww. 5. M. dichotomum,
Young branches terete; inflorescence with a manifest
peduncle . ce os a ae. )=)— 66, MM. Kunstleri.

a9

_

2

_ Main nerves of leaves distinct when dry, prominent on
the lower surface and anastomosing with a bold intra-
marginal line, coriaceous, more than 4 in, long :—

Inflorescence manifestly pedunculate :—
Peduncles several in each axil, many-branched ; fruit
ellipsoid =
Peduncles solitary, few: benched. fruit bilge
Inflorescence sessile or on a very short peduncle :—

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

fe
8.

M, calonewron.
M. Hullettii.

Flowers large, the mouth of the calyx ‘2 in. in diam. :—

Arboreous; leaves sub-acnte; flowers in fascicles
of 12 to 20, their pedicels °15 in. Ae stout; calyx
traneate, not toothed is

Shrubby; leaves acuminate; cymes 8- or A: dowéreds
pedicels ‘4 in. long, slender; calyx- -limb 4- mae

Flowers small; mouth of the calyx under ‘2 in. in diam, :

Leaves slightly narrowed or rounded at the base,
~ rarely minutely sub-cordate :—
Young branches not winged below the nodes ;

- main nerves of leaves 18 to 20 pairs; fruit ‘7 in.
in diam.
Young branches with 4 aller wings below siete
node (sometimes obscure) ; main nerves 12 to 14
pairs; fruit ‘35 in. in diam.

Leaves distinctly cordate at the base and quite

sessile, amplexicaul cna oe ae

Main nerves of leaves indistinct on both surfaces when
dry; leaves coriaceous or thinly so:—

Leaves with broad cordate bases, sessile, amplexicaul :—
Branches terete, fruit large, globular... At
Branches 4-angled; fruit ellipsoid a si

Leaves much narrowed at the base, never Bes

petiolate :—

Inflorescence in axillary glomerali or in very shortly-
peduncled (not manifest) cymes :— ;

Month of calyx entire in the expanded flower :—
Flowers in fascicles, their pedicels slender ;
leaves often 4 in. long ; leaves brown underneath
when dry si 7 aes
Flowers in short umbellate sub- ele cymes ;

. young branches bi-sulcate : fruit globular ;
pale yellowish underneath when dry

Mouth of calyx 4-toothed :—

Teeth of calyx long, sharp, its fundus narrowed ;
flower buds narrowly conical; cymes many-
flowered; fruit globular, *2 in. in diam.; leaves
shortly acuminate, 1°5 to 2°5 in. long ane
Teeth of calyx short, acute, its fundus narrow ;
cymes few-flowered, fruit globular, *3 in, in
diam. ; leaves very acuminate, 2 to 2°5 in. long...

480

leaves

9. M. Maingayi.

10.

M, Kurzii.
11. M. heteropleurum.

. M. costatum.

13. M. amplevicaule.

14, M. microstomum.
15. M. coerulewm.

16, M. cumpanulatum.

17. M. minutiflorum.

18. M. myrsinoides.

19, M. laevigatum. —

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 73

Teeth of calyx short, acute, its fundus rounded ;
fruit globular, °25 in, in diam.; flower pedicels
with acicular bracteoles ; leaves much acuminate,
2°8 to 5'5 in. long soa aoe we 20. M. cinerewm,
Inflorescence manifestly pedunculate :—
Fruit ellipsoid :—
Young branches terete; calyx-limb truncate;
leaves elliptic-oblong or elliptic, 2°5 to 4°75 in.
long eee eee eve we 21, M, oleaefolium.,
Fruit globular :—
Branches 4-angled :—
Leaves rhomboid or elliptic-rhomboid ; inflor-
escence under °5 in. long; calyx saucer-shaped
with wide, minutely 4-toothed month; fruit ‘2
in, in diam. eee eo §=22, DM. paueiflorum.
Leaves oblong to elliptic, much feria to each
end; inflorescences 1 in. or more in length,
several in each axil; calyx with narrow
fundus, the mouth wide (‘1 in.) and ei
4-toothed ; fruit Sin. in diam, oo. 23. M, elegans,
Branches terete :—
Mouth of calyx with 4 broad, shallow teeth;
flowers 4 to 6 in a compound umbel; fruit *24

in, in diam.; leaves caudate-acuminate we «=-24, M, acuminatum,
Mouth of calyx truncate or with 4 obscure
teeth :—

Cymes many-flowered, on peduncles not

longer than the leaf-petioles; calyx with

wide, obscurely toothed mouth and narrow,

cup-shaped tube; young branches not bi-sul-

cate me age aes ws 25, M, garcinioides,
Cymes or peduncles very slightly if at all

longer than the petioles ; calyx not toothed ;

young branches deeply bi-sulcate under the -

nodes... ae uaa «. 26, M. andamanicum,
Cymes or peduncles several times longer
than the leaf-petioles :— .
Peduncles solitary; leaves thinly coria-
CEOTS sec seal wa en» 27, M. intermedium,
Peduncles several from ie same aes :
leaves COYIACCOUS ss vee «. 28, M, edule,

1. Mewncyton oLiconguron, Blume, Mus, Bot. I, 354. A small
tree or shrub; young branches slender, terete, their bark pale-brown.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, brown below, greenish brown above when dry,
oblong to ovate- or elliptic-oblong, shortly and obtusely acuminate,
boldly 3-nerved from the cuneate base, transverse nerves invisible;
length 2-4 in.; breadth 1: 3-1 65 ; petiole ‘05-15 in. Flowers small

48]

74. Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

(‘05 in. long), on pedicels about ‘1 in, long, densely crowded in clusters
on small tubercles in the axils of leaves ot of fallen leaves. Calyx-tube
cupular, but little contiacted at tlie base, the mouth wide with four
broad shallow teeth. Fruit unknown. Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. 1,
574; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1132. M. trinerve, Hassk. Cat. Hort.
Bog. 259 (not of DC.). Myrtus oligoneura, Korth. ex Blume lec. 354.

Perak; Scortechinit 1309; King’s Collector 2518, 10280. Penance;
Curtis 1065, 1446, 2220, 10920... Disrriz,s- Java, Borneo.

A species easily recognised by its 3-nerved leaves. |

2. Memucy.on rpipHyticum, King, n. sp. An epiphytic shrub;
branches rather stout, strongly angled and with short ear-like projec-
tions just below the nodes. Leaves thinly coriaceous, narrowly oblong-
lanceolate, acute or acuminate, somewhat narrowed to the rounded
sub-cordate base; main nerves 9 or 10 pairs, indistinct on the lower
surface, invisible on the upper; length 1°75-3 in.; breadth ‘6-1 in.;
petiole ‘05 in. Cymes in pairs, axillary, 3-4-flowered, on slender pedicels
‘1-15 in. long, bracteate at the apex; pedicels half as long as the
peduncle. Calyx-iube cupular, rounded at the base; the mouth deep
and wide (‘05 in. across), tunidulate, truncate. Jruit globular, smooth,
‘25 in. in diam.

Perak; on trees, King's Collector 5184; Wray 2727.

A- species allied to M. dichotomum, Clarke, bat with smaller leaves, more boldly
angled branches, smaller, less numerous flowers, and cymes on more slender
peduncles.

3. MemecyLon Fruticosum, King, n. sp. A shrub, 6-8 feet high;
young branches boldly 4-winged especially near the slightly thickened
nodes, the bark pale-brown. eaves ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceo-
‘late, chartaceous, shortly acuminate, slightly narrowed to the rounded
base; main nerves 7-9 pairs, interarching ‘15 in, from the margin,
somewhat conspicuous on the lower but indistinct on the upper surface ;
length 3-4 in.; breadth 1:35-1:85 in.; petiole ‘05 ins Cymes usually
in pairs, axillary, on short peduncles, 8-10-flowered. Flowers on
pedicels with acute bracteoles at their bases. Calyx-tube shortly campa-
nulate, tapering much to the base (obconic), the mouth ‘075 in. wide,
with 4 shallow obscure teeth, or truncate; the buds not very conical.
Fruit globose-ovoid, constricted below the thick persistent calyx-limb,
‘35 in. long and ‘25 iu. in diam. (unripe).

Perak; King’s Collector 2971, 3265, 3425.

Approaching M, dichotomum and M. sub-dichotomum but with differently shaped

frttit.
4. Memecrtoy’ pusescens, King. A tree, 30=70 feet high ; young
sia hata slender, pale-brown, 4-angled, Leaves coriaceous,
a0

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 75

elliptic, shortly and abruptly acuminate, the base mueh narrowed;
yellowish green on the lower surface and olivaceous on the upper when
dry ; main nerves 7-10 pairs, quite distinct on the lower surface, less
so on the upper, curved and interarching ‘] in. from the margin. Cymes
1-3 from the axils of leaves, often unequal, proliferously umbellate,
from 1°5-2°5 in. long, always peduneulate, the peduncle and all its
branches 4-angled, bracteolate at the divisions, sparsely and deciduously
rusty-pubescent. lowers densely clustered at the apices of the
thickened secondary peduncles, pedicellate ; the pedicels with numerous
sharply acuminate bracteoles at their bases. Calyz-tube campanulate,
much narrowed at the base, the mouth rather more than ’05 in. wide,
truncate but with 4 minute, acicular teeth. Fruit globular, ‘15 in. in
diam. (unripe). M. grande, Retz., var. pubescens, Clarke in Hook. fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 558; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1153.

Matacca; Griffith (Kew Distrib.) 2336, Psrax; King’s: Collector
6089, 10760. Sincapore; Ridley 10390.

Ripe fruit of this is unknown.

5. MEMECYLON DIcCHoTOMOM, C. B. Clarke in Herb. Kew. A
slender shrub, 6-8 feet high ; young branches slender, acutely 4-angled
(even 4-winged) below the slightly thickened nodes; the bark pale-
brown. Leaves thinly coriaceous, almost sessile, lanceolate to ovate-
lanceolate, much acuminate, often caudate ; the base rounded or slightly .
narrowed; main nerves 6-8 pairs, curyed, al eee rather far
from the margin, often indistinct; length 2°5-4 in.; breadth 1-2 in.
petiole very short (under ‘05 in). Cymes 2-5- flo waved meri y,
axillary and terminal; peduncles very short, 4-angled; pedicels with
two ovate, acute bracteoles at their apices embracing the calyx. Calyz-
tube campanulate, tapering to the base (obconical) ; minutely glandular
outside when dry, the mouth with 4 broad, shallow lobes when young,
truncate and almost entire when old; buds rather large, conical,
Fruit globular, crowned by the narrow calyx-limb, smooth when ripe,
about ‘5 in. in diam. WM. elegans, var. dichotoma, C. B. Clarke in
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 554; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1138. |

Matacca; Griffith (Kew Distrib.) 2324; Maingay (K,D,) 818, 820.
Perak; Wray 2989; King’s Collector 3239, 5036, 5297, 10783. PANN 5
Ridley 2609.

I restore for this species the MS. name originally given to it by Mr. ©. B,
Clarke in the Kew Herbarium. Mr, Clarke subsequently reduced it, as a variety, to
M. elegans, Kurz, of which there were, at the time he made the reduction, no good
specimens. Now that there are excellent examples of MW, slegans, it is clear that
M, dichotomum is not near that species. . :

There are specimens in the Calcutta Herbarium of st a appear to be other species

allied to this. But the material of all is imperfect and I describe none of them.
483,

76 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula,

6. Memucyton Kunstiert, King, n. sp. A tree, 40-60 feet highs
young branches slender, terete, Bay pale-grey. Leaves chartaceous,
drying brown (palest on the lower surface), elliptic- oblong; bluntly
acuminate, the base rounded and often minutely cordate; main nerves
7 or 8 pairs, ascending, faint on the lower and almost inedalliie on the
upper surface when dry; length 2°75-4'5 in.; breadth 1-2 in.;
petiole “05-1 in. Peduncles from the axils of fallen leaves or axillary,
bracteolate, ‘35-6 in. long, umbellately panicled, bracteolate at the
divisions, 4-angled like the pedicels; ultimate umbels 4—6-flowered,
on the thickened ends of the secondary peduncles, pedicels bracteolate
at the base. Calyz-tube cup-shaped, shallow, the mouth obscurely
4-toothed. Young fruit ellipsoid, crowned by the thick, shallow,
obscurely 4-toothed limb of the calyx, ‘3 in. long, and ‘16 in. in diam.

Perak; King’s Collector (Kunstler) 8195, 10419.

This is known only by Mr. Kunstler’s two suites of specimens. One of these
sets bears no fruit; the other no flowers. The leaves on the former are rather
smaller than those on the second but the venation is the same and I assume
that they belong to one species. The terete branchlets, associated as they are with
an inflorescence which is 4-angled in all its branches, even down to the pedicels —
the ellipsoid fruit, distinguish the plant.

%. Mewecynon caLonguron, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 321. A tree;
branchlets and leaves as in If. costatum, Miq., but the latter with fewer
nerves. Flowers in axillary, pedunculate, many-branched cymes, 1-2 in.
long, the flowers in dense glomeruli on the thickened apices of the
ultimate branchlets; all the peduncles boldly 4-angled or winged;
fruit ellipsoid, ‘35 in. long (including. the small persistent calyx-limb).
M. costatum, Migq., var. ellipsoidea, Blume Mus. Bot. 1, 361; Cogn. in
DC. Mon. Phan, VII, 1136. heh
- Matacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 813, Perak; Wray 3235;
King’s Collector 6945, 8505. Distr, Java; Sumatra, Forbes 2696;
Borneo.

The inflorescence and fruit are so different from those of M, costatum, Miq.,
that I have followed Miquel in treating this as a species. Miquel did not however,

recognise that his M. calonewron really covers Blume’s variety ellipsoidea of his
own species M. costatum.

8. Memecynon Hutueri, King, n. sp. Tones ie ci slightly

ridged near the nodes, otherwise terete, the bark pale-brown. Leaves
chartaceous, ovate-oblong, gradually narrowed to the acuminate apex;

the base broad, abruptly rounded, slightly cordate; main nerves about.

15 pairs, thin but distinct on the lower surface, horizontal; length 6-8
; breadth 2'25-3 in. ; petiole under ‘1 in. Peduncle sol igi axillary,

1: 5-2 5 in. long, slender, bearing at its apex a single or compound

484

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 77

few-flowered umbel ; the flower-pedicels longer than the calyx and, like
the peduncles of the secondary umbels, rugulose. Calya-tube campanulate,
narrowed to the base; the mouth truncate, with 4 very obscure shallow
teeth. Fruit globular, crowned by the rather large calyx-limb, ‘25 in.
in diam. (not quite ripe).

JoHoRE; on Gunong Pulai, Hullett and King 253; Lake and Kelsall
4073.

A very well-marked species near M. amplewicaule, Roxb., at once distinguished
by its elongately acuminate, broad-based leaves and long-peduncled umbels,

9. Memecyton Mainaayt, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 557.
A tree, 20-49 feet high ; branches stout, terete, somewhat thickened at
the nodes, the bark pale-brown when dry. Leaves coriaceous, nearly
sessile, elliptic-oblong, sub-acute, slightly narrowed to the rounded,
sometimes slightly cordate base; in length 65-9 in.; breadth 3-425
in, ; main nerves 12-15 pairs, not very prominent, interarching inside
the margin. Flowers large for the genus, in few-flowered (12-20)
fascicles from the axils of the leaves or of fallen leaves; peduncles and
pedicels about ‘15 in. long, bracteolate. Calya-tube widely cupular,
truncate, toothless, ‘2 in. in diam. when dry. Petals obtuse in bud.
Fruit unknown. Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1139.

Matacca; Maingay (Herb. prop.) 1422. Perak; seed s Collector
4726.

An arboreal species with large flowers and thick branches, allied to
M, amplewxicaule but well distinct. ee

10. Memecyton Kurz, King. A glabrous shrub; young branches
terete, swollen under the nodes, the bark pale when dry. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, sub-sessile, ovate-oblong, shortly acuminate, slightly
narrowed to the rounded base; main nerves 15-20 pairs, rather straight,
interarching ‘25 in. from the margin, faint; length 85-10 in.; breadth
325-45 in.; petiole about ‘1 in. long, stout. Flowers large, on slender
bi-bracteolate pedicels ‘4 in. long; the cymes 3- or 4-flowered, from the
axils of fallen leaves, solitary or several together; peduncle short (only
15 in. long). Calyx-tube campauulate, ‘2 in. long; the mouth ‘2 in.
wide, wavy and with 4 broad teeth. Fruit ellipsoid,.somewhat curved,
‘75 in, in length (including the persistent limb of the calyx) and ‘4 in,
in diam, M. subtrinervium, Miq., var. grandiflora, Kurz in Journ. As.
Soc. Beng. 1876, pt. IT, 181; C. B. Clarke in Hook, ia: Fl. Br. Ind. 1,
565; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1143. |

Nivonat Isuanps; Kurz, King’s Collector 509. 29

The leaves of this when dry are pale-brown on the upper and pole-itiyashaall
on the lower surface. They are different in shape from those of M. subtrinerviwm,

Migq., of which Kurz makes this a variety. The flowers of the latter are moreover
small and in slender pedunculate cymes.

485
Awe

78 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

11. MewecyLon HETEROPLEURUM, Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I,
362. A tree, 30 and 40 feet high; young branches rather slender, terete,
the bark pale-brown or cinereous when dry. eaves thinly coriaceous,
broadly oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, shortly and rather bluntly
acuminate, the base rounded or narrowed, not cordate, shortly petiolate,
pale-brown with sometimes a touch of green on both surfaces when
dry ; main nerves 18-20 pairs, straight, interaching close to the margin,
thin but very distinct on the lower surface when dry ; length 5-7 in.
rarely 10 in. ; breadth 2-3°5 in.; petiole only ‘lin. Flowers pointed in
bud, in dense cymes from the axils of the leaves or from those of the
old leaves; the peduncle ‘25 in. long; pedicels shorter, bi-bracteolate.
Calyx-tube widely cupular, narrowed to the base, truncate, ‘1-15 in. in
diam. when dry. Fruit globular, ‘5 in. in diam. Mig, Fl, Ind, Bat, I,
pt. 1,579; C. B, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl, Br. Ind, IJ, 557; Cogn, in
DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1140. :

Maracea; Griffith 2337 (Kew Distrib.) ; -Maimgay (K.D,) 816,
Prenane; Curtis 814. Sincapornand SeLancore ; Ridley, Perax ; King’s
Collector, Wray, Scortechini: many Nos,; common, Disrgis, Sumatra
and Borneo.

Var. olivacea, King, Leaves rounded at the base, large, 10-14 in,
long and 8'5-4°25 in, broad, with a strong olivaceous tint when dry :
fruit not seen.

Perak; King’s Collector 500, 2778, 10872; Wray 13810.

This variety differs (as far as it is represented by dried specimens) from typical
M. heteroplewrum, Bl., only in the size of its leayes and their colour when dried;
fruit of it is unknown, the flowers and shape of leaves are exactly those of the type.

12. Mrmecrznon costatoum, Mig. in Verh. Ned. Inst. 1850, p. 29.
A tree, 30-60 feet high ; young branches terete, but with 4 short wings
below the nodes. Leaves thinly coriaceous (drying pale-brown with
a tinge of yellowish-green), oblong- or oblong-lanceolate, sometimes
oblong-ovate, shortly acuminate, the base rounded or slightly narrowed,
not cordate, penni-nerved ; the main nerves 12-14 pairs, stout, curved,
anastomosing at ‘25 in, from the margin with a bold lateral nerve ;
length 4°5-7°5 in.; breadth 1-75-3 in.; petiole very short, stout.
Flowers crowded in axillary glomeruli, 1 in. or less in diameter; their
pedicels short (°1-05 in,), the bracteoles minute, triangular. Oalyz
eup-shaped, truncate, slightly narrowed at the base. Petals *2 in.
in diam. Fruit globose, ‘35 in.in diam. Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat, I, pt. I,
573; Triana in Linn. Trans. XXVIII, 157; Blume, Mus. Bot. I, 360;
C. B. Clarke in Hook fi]. Fl. Br. Ind. IJ, 558; Cogn. in DC. Mon.
Phan. VIII, 1186. M. grande, Bl. Bijdr. 1095 (not of Retz.). |

Perak; King’s Collector 10785. Dusrris.; Java, Sumatra (Forbes
1442),

456

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 79.

13. MbMecyLon ampLexicaute, Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 260. A shrub,
8-12 feet high; branches rather slender, terete between, but 4-angled
and sometimes 4-winged below the nodes. Leaves (tinged with greenish-
yellow when dry) sessile or nearly so, often semi- am plexicaule, ovate-
oblong or ovate-lanceolate, sub-acute or shortly and bluntly acuminate,
broadest a little above the cordate base, penni-erved; the main nerves
9-12 pairs, not prominent, interaching inside the margin; length 3-5-6
n.; breadth 1-25 in. lowers ‘2 in. long, crowded in dense, axillary.
glomeruli 1 in. or less in diameter; their pedicels very short
(lengthened to ‘25 in. in fruit) and with mitiute bracteoles. Oalyz.
campantlate, truncate, much narrowed to the base. Petals sub-rotund,
‘Zin. in diam. Fruit globose, ‘3 in. in diam. Wight Ic. 279. Nand.
in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XVIII, 277; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. J,
580; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fii. Fl. Br. tna. II, 559 (in part); Cogn,
itl DC. Mon, Phan. VII, 1139 (in part). M. depresswm, Benth. in Wall.
Cat. 4101 (in part); Triana in Linn. Trans. XXVIII, 158 (in part).
M. cordatum, Wall. Cat. 4100 (in part). IJ. coerulum, Triana in Linn.
Trans. XXVIII, 158 (in part).

In all the Provinces except the Andaman and Nicobar Islands;
common.

The petals of this are white tinged with pink. The plant described by Rox-
burgh under the name M. amplewicaule is a Malayan one, as he distintly states.
The species from the South of India which has, in most of the synonyms above
quoted, been treated as identical with this is, in my opinion, quite distinet. It
has smaller and proportionately broader leaves, and the flowers, which are smaller
anid more numerous, dre in fascicles from the axils of fallen leaves. This is allied
to M. costatum, and like it, this has the stems often 4-winged below the nodes;

the leaves are also sessile or nearly so, but they differ from those of M, costatum in.
invariably being cordate at the base.

14, MemecyLon Microstomum, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl, Br. Ind. II,
557, A tree, 40-70 feet high; brauches terete, rather slender, dark
greyish-brown when dry. eaves very coriaceous, sessile and almost
amplexicaul, oblong or nat'rowly elliptic, sub-acute or obtuse, the base
rounded and slightly cordate, very opaque, the nerves very indistinct ;
length 3°25-4°5 in.; breadth 13-2 in. lowes numerous, small, less
than ‘1 in long (excluding the exserted stamens), crowded in dense
axillary glomeruli, pedicels filiform. Calya-tube infundibuliform,
constricted in its lower third, the mouth wide truncate. Petals pale
yellowish-green, Jruit large (‘6 in. in diam. ), globular, the persistent
calyx+limb small. Cogn, in DC. Mon, Phan. VII, 1147,

_ Matacca ; Maingay (Kew Distrib. ) 821; Perak; Wray 1137; King’s
Collector 10588. Sincarore; Ridley 2033. “Payaxo ; _ Curtis 766.
487

80: Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

The leaves of this, when dry, are olivaceous on the upper and pale-brown on
the lower surface. The species resembles M. amplexicaule but differs notably in
its large globular fruit.

13. Msmecynon cosruteum, Jack, in Mal. Mise. J, 26. A shrub,
5-15 feet high; branchlets often 4-angled near the apices, otherwise,
terete, slender, the bark pale-brown when dry. Leaves sessile, coriaceous,
opaque, oblong or ovate-oblong, obtuse or sub-acute, broadest a little
above the rounded, cordate base, the midrib distinct but the main
nerves faint and the reticulations obsolete ; length 2°5-4°75 in. ; breadth
1-2:5 in. Flowers rather numerous, in dense, axillary, condensed glome-
rulate cymes, the peduncle -25 in. long, the pedicels shorter than the
flowers, each with two broad, acute bracteoles. Calyz-tube short, widely
campanulate, narrowed to the base, the month wide truncate. Petals
conical in bud. Fruit narrowly ellipsoid, ‘4 in. long and ‘25 in. in
diam. (including the deep, persistent calyx-limb). Mig. FI. Ind. Bat.
I, pt. I, 580; Triana in Linn. Trans. XXVIII, 158 (excl. syn.
M. ampleaicaule, Roxb.) ; Kurz, For. Flora B. Burma Tf, 511; C. B. Clarke
in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 559; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1163.
M. grande, Smith in Rees’ Cyc. XXIII (not of Retz). I. cordatum,
Wall. Cat. 4100 (partly); Griff. Not. IV, 673. M. manillanum, Naud.
+1 Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XVIII, 276; Miq. lc. 576. M. lutescens,
Presl. Epim. Bot. 208 (not of Naud.). |

In all the provinces; not uncommon. Disrris. Philippines.

16. Memecyson campanuLatum, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
II, 563. Young branches rather slender, terete, their bark pale-brown.
Leaves coriaceous, elliptic, sometimes with a short blunt apical point,
the base always much and abruptly narrowed, nerves invisible ; length:
3-45 in.; breadth 1:25-2°2 in.; petiole -1-15 in. lowers on slender
pedicels, ‘1-15 in. long, bracteolate at the base and crowded in dense
fascicles in the axils of the leaves or of the fallen leaves, the buds of
the petals shortly conical. Calyz-tube campanulate, blunt at the base.
and somewhat contracted below the wide truncate limb. Fruit
unknown. Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1162.

Matacca; Griffith (Kew Distrib. 2325).

In its leaves this much resembles MW. oleafolium, Bl., but the flowers of that
species are in lax, few-flowered, pedunculate umbels, whereas the flowers of this are
in dense, epedunculate fascicles. - ,

17. Memucyton minutirtorum, Miq. Fl, Ind. Bat. Suppl., 323. A
tree, 30-70 feet high ; young branches slender, with a broad, angularly
margined groove on each side; the bark pale, smooth. Leaves thinly
coriaceous, drying yellowish-green beneath, narrowly elliptic, cordate-
acuminate, the base much narrowed; main nerves very indistinct.

488 }

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 81

Inflorescence twice as long as the petioles, many-flowered ; the peduncles
often two or three from the same axil, each bearing several 2-4-flowered
umbels; pedicels stout, bracteolate at the base. Calyz-tube cup-shaped,
not tapered to the base, the mouth expanded, truncate and ‘05 in. wide,
glandular-hairy when young like the bluntly conical petal-bud and the
pedicels. Fruit crowned by the minute calyx-limb, depressed globular,
smooth, ‘35 in. in diam, and ‘3 in. deep. Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII,
1169. M. acuminatum, Sm., var. flavescens, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br.
Ind. II, 562 ; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1152.

Matacca; Griffith (Kew Distrib.) 2825/2. Penana; Ourtis 815.
PERAK ; King’s Collector 5027, 6105, 6265, 8724. Dustris. Sumatra.

Triana considers this a distinct species and I think he igs right. Fruit
however is wanting to complete our knowledge of the form. The Perak specimens
agree perfectly with the type sheet named M. minutiflorum, Miq., in Herb. Calcutta.
The species is not, as was suggested by Kurz, identical with M, lilacinwm, Zoll, and
Moritzi.

18. MEMECYLON MYRSINOIDES, Blume, Mus. Bot. I, 356. A tree,
30-40 feet high (rarely a shrub) ; young branches terete, slender, with
pale-grey bark. leaves thinly coriaceous, drying brown (palest on
the lower surface), narrowly elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, the apex very
acuminate, much narrowed to the cuneate base; main nerves invisible
on both surfaces; length 1:5-2°5 in.; breadth -9-1:25 in.; petiole
15-25 in. Flowers numerous, in very short-peduncled cymes, densely
clustered together in the same axil; pedicels about the length of the
calyx, bracteolate at the base. Oalya-tube campanulate, much narrowed
to the base, the mouth less than ‘05 in. wide, with 4 long (for the
genus) acute teeth; petals in bud forming a long narrow cone, acumi-
nate. Frwit globular, the size of a grain of black pepper. Miq. FI.
Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 577; Triana in Linn. Trans. XXVIII, 158 (excl.
syn.) ; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1160; excl. syn. M. lilacinum.
M. capitellatum, Blume, Bijdr. 1091 (not of Linn.).

PENANG; Curtis 2219. Jonore; Ridley 2026. Purax; Wray 2258;

King’s Collector 1851, 3517, 5923, 8828. Disrris.; Sumatra; Forbes
2953; Java; Bangka.
_ -Var. lilacina, King. Young branches with two deep, sharply-
margined grooves; leaves broadly elliptic, yellowish on the under surface
when dry, cymes not crowded (only two in an axil), M. lilacinum, Zoll.
& Mor. Syst. Verzeich., 9; Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 3, XVIII,
281; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 575.

Punanc; King’s Collector 1457; Curtis 100. Sinaarore; Ridley
6218. Perak; King’s Collector 10442. Dusrris.; Java, Zollinger
178,

489

82 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

19. MemecyLon LAnyicaruM, Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat, I, 358.
A small tree; young branches very slender, terete, the bark pale.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, broadly ovate or elliptic, more or less rostrate-
acuminate, the base cuneate; main nerves obscure; length 2—2°5 in. ;
breadth 1-1:75 in., petiole ‘1-15 in., opaque, when dry dull dark-
brown, the lower surface slightly paler than the upper. Cymes mostly
from the nodes of fallen leaves, small, few-flowered, the peduncle very
short (1 in. long), pedicels also very short. lowers small (less than ‘1
in. long), their buds pointed ; calya-tube campanulate, much tapered to
the base, the mouth with 4 acute, small teeth. Fruit globular, °3 in.
in diam. smooth. Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. J, pt. I, 576; Triana in
Linn. Trans. XXVIII, 157; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I,
561 (excl. vars.); Kurz, For. Flora. I, 513; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan.
VII, 11£9. M. Mymrili, Blume, Mus. Bot., 357; Mig. le. 978.
M. pachyderma, Wall. Cat. 4104. I. Vosmaerianum, Scheff. in Flora,
1870, 249.

~Matracca; Ridley 1767. Siycarore; Ridley 1815, 1906, 2026, 4805.
Perak ; Scortechini 81; Wray 2091; King’s Collector 3768. SELANGORE ;
Ridley 2024. Disrrie.; Burma, Helfer 2328; Wallich 4104; Bangka,
Java, Borneo.

20. Menecyion civereoM, King, n, sp. A shrub; young branches
rather slender, terete, suleate on two sides, the bark dark-cinereous
when dry. Leaves coriaceous, drying very dark cinereous-brown on
the upper surface, somewhat paler on the lower, lanceolate or ovate-
lanceolate, much acuminate, the base rounded but more often cuneate ;
main uerves 8-10 pairs, invisible on both surfaces or nearly s0,
length 28-5°5in.; breadth 1-2-2 in.; petiole 15-3 in, Peduncles
axillary or from the leafless nodes, not much longer than the petioles,
glomerulate, many-flowered ; pedicels short, stout, with small acicular
bracteoles atthe base. Calyz-tube cupular, with a rounded base; the
mouth expanded, ‘1 in. wide, undulate and with 4 acute, triangular
teeth. Fruit globular, the persistent calyx-limb small, ‘25 in, in diam.,
smooth.

Perak; Scortechini 394, 2035; King’s Collector 3143, 10758.

21. MEMECYLON OLEAEFOLIUM, Blume, Mus. Bot. I, 359. A tree,
30-60 feet high; young branches rather slender, terete, smooth, the
bark very pale. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-oblong or elliptic, the apex
obtusely acuminate, the base much narrowed, when dry of a pale oliva-
ceous-brown colour on both surfaces, the upper the darker; main
nerves 8-10 pairs, obscure; length 2°5-4°75 in.; breadth 1-2°25 in.;
petioles ‘15 to ‘3 in. Peduncles 1-3 in one leatoaal several ‘aes
longer than the petiole (elongating in fruit), hearing at the apex

490

f

’ ar
< >
j
7

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 83

namerous, crowded, 2-3-flowered umbellules with a semi-cirenlar bract
at the bases of their short, stout, 4-angled peduncles. Flowers with
comical buds, less than *l in. in diam., on slender pedicels longer than
themselves, bracteolate at their bases. Calyz hemispheric; the mouth
truncate, entire. Frwit ovoid-elliptic, crowned by the short calyx-limb,
‘4 long and 25 in. in diam. Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 579 (excl. syn.) ;
Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1150. M. Horsfieldii, Miq. F]. Ind. Bat.
I, pt. I, 572. WL. grande, Retz, var. Horsfieldii, Clarke in Hook. fil. FI.
Br. Ind. IT, 558; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1153 (excel. syn.
M. celastrinwm, Kurz from both). M. lampongum, Mig. Fl. Ind, Bat.
Suppl. 321.

Matacca ; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 811. Sincarore ; Ridley 6414,
Perak ; Scortechinit 2069 ; King’s Collector 426, 5187, 4420, 4439, 8571,
Disrris. Bangka; Horsfield ; Sumatra; Forbes 3213.

This has been treated by Messrs, Clarke and Cogniaux as a variety of M. grande
of Retz, a species originally described by its author from specimens sent to him by
Koenig, who collected in Southern India. Retz’s description is very short and, as
Mr, Clarke points out, would suit several species. The species of Memecylon have
not, as a rule, a wide distribution, and very few indeed of them are common to
8. India or Ceylon and to the Malay Peninsula, I think it, therefore, in the absence
of his type specimen, advisable to consider Retz’s name as properly belonging to
the Ceylon plant represented by Thwaites’s C.P. 3442. Both Messrs. Clarke and
Cogniaux treat as belonging to typical M. grande, Retz, the Singapore plant issued by
Wallich as No. 4472 of his Catalogue under the name M. laziflorum. This plant is
now represented only by fruiting specimens which do not, in my opinion agree with
any other Memecylon in Herb, Kew. The inflorescence in Wallich’s specimens is
2°5 in. long, pedunculate, and laxly compound-umbellate. When flowers shall be
forthcoming it will probably be found necessary to let the species M. laziflorum
stand good.

Thwaites’s C.P. which I assume, in the absence of a type specimen, to be equal
to the type of M. grande, Retz, does not in my opinion resemble the four forms
which the two distinguished botanists just meutioned agree in treating as varieties
of it, sufficiently closely to warrant such treatment of the latter. I would venture
to dispose of them as follows :—

Var. Horsfieldii=M, oleaefoliam, Bl. Var. khasiana=M. celastrinum, Kurz.

Var. pubescens = M. pubescens, King. VAr. merguica=M. merguica, King.

M. Cogniaux has inadvertently described the fruit of M. oleaefoliwm as globose,
whereas in his original description of it Blume writes “‘ fructibus ellipsoideis.”

22, MEMECYLON PAUCIFLORUM, Blume, Mus. Bot. I, 356. A small
tree ; young branches 4-angled, slender, pale-brown. Leaves coriaceous,
rhomboid or elliptic-rhomboid, drying brown, the lower surface paler,
the apex blunt and often retuse, the base acute or subacute; nerves 6
or 7 pairs, invisible or very faint; length 1-15 in.; breadth ‘35-1 in. ;
petiole under ‘1 in. Cymes umbellate, axillary, on slender peduncles *1~-2
in. long; flowers 7-10, small, on slender pedicels bracteolate at a base

-* *

84, Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

aud about ‘15 in. long. Calyz-tube shortly campanulate, or saucer-shaped,
with a large, wide, sharply and minutely 4-toothed mouth. Petals
acuminate. Stamens and style much exserted. Jruit depressed-
globular, smooth, crowned by the toothed calyx, ‘2.in. in diam. Mig.
Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 578; Kurz, For. Flora Burma I, 514; C. B.
Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. idl II, 555; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan.
VII, 1169. M. capitellatum, Spanoghe * Linnaea, XV, 203 (not of
Linn.). M, wmbellatum, Benth. Fl. Austral II, 293 (non Burm.).
M. australe, Muell. ex Triana in Linn, Trans. XXVIII, 159.

Anpaman Istanps; very common. Disreis. Burma (Helfer 2332) ;
Chittagong; Australia; Timor.

The Penang specimens have narrower, less rhomboid leaves than those from
the Andamans. .

23. MeMECYLON ELEGANS, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1872,
pt. 11, 307. A glabrous shrub ; young branches slender, boldly 4-angled,
sometimes winged, the bark pale. Leaves coriaceous, pale yellowish, the
upper surface tinged with green when dry, oblong to elliptic, much
acuminate, the base very cuneate ; main nerves invisible or very indis-
tinct; length 3°5-5°5 in.; breadth 14-2 in.; petiole ‘15-3. Flowers
‘15 in. long, their pedicels longer, (2 in.), slondes, angled. Cymes
axillary, several together, pedunculate, simply or tricbotomously
umbellulate ; peduncles ‘3— 75 in. long, 4-angled. Calya-tuwbe somewhat
large for the genus, cup- -shaped, narrowed to the base, ‘1 in. wide at the
undulate, obscurely 4-lobed mouth. Petals blue, broadly ovate, acumi-
nate. Irwit globular, smooth, ‘Sin.indiam. Kurz, For. Flor. Burma I,
514; C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 554; Cogn. in DC. Mon.
Phan. VII, 1138.

ANDAMAN IsLANDS; very common.

Var. minor, King. Cymes usually solitary, the pedicel slender,
short; fruit only ‘2 in. in diam. (? ripe); leaves 2-3 in. long.

Anpamans; King’s Collectors.

Smaller than the typical form in all its parts, The flower buds also differ
somewhat from those of the typical form.

24. MemucyLon acuminatuM, Smith in Rees Cyclop. XXIII, 4.
A tree, 30-50 feet high; young branches slender, terete, the bark
brown, smooth. Leaves thinly coriaceous, drying pale olivaceous-brown,

the surfaces concolourous, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, caudate-acuminate,

the base cuneate; main nerves invisible; length 1*5-2°25 in.; breadth
‘8-14 in.; petiole 1-15 in. Cymes solitary or in pairs, axillary,
umbellate, on peduncles several times longer than the petioles. Flowers
6-8 in a compound umbel; pedicels bracteolate at the base, slender,
492, :

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 85

twice as long as the flowers. Calyxz-tube cup-shaped, the fundus broad,
slightly constricted below the thick, short, undulate, broadly 4-toothed
limb. Petals conical in bud. Fruit globular, somewhat depressed,’
smooth, crowned by the narrow calyx-limb, ‘25 in. in diam. Triana in
Trans. Linn. Soc. XXVIII, 158; DC. Prodr. III, 6; Clarke in Hook.
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 562; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1152 (excl.
VAR. flavescens).

Maracca; Grifith (Kew Distrib.) 2325; Maingay 810; Derry
1041; Ridley 3297, 3298, 4574. Jonore; Ridley 4656. Perak; King’s
Collector 3458, 6754.

25. Memecybon GARciniomwEs, Blume, Mus. Bot. I, 358 (excl. var. B).
A tree, 20-40 feet high; young branches terete, slender, pale-brown.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, oblong-ovate or elliptic, abruptly and rather
obtusely acuminate, the base cuueate, drying pale-brown tinged with
olive, the under surface the palest; main nerves invisible; length 3-5-5
in., breadth 1:2-2 in.; petiole ‘05-1 in. Cymes axillary and in the axils
of old leaves, umbellate, many-flowered, on short peduncles (‘2 in. long,
longer in fruit); pedicels slender, bracteolate at the base, ‘1-15 in,
long. Flower-buds acute. Calyz-tube small and cup-shaped, the
mouth very wide (nearly ‘1 in.), truncate, but with four minute, acute
teeth. Fruit globular, smooth, pale when dry, ‘2 in. in diam. Cogn.
in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1152,

Maracca; Derry 1240. Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 817. Perax;
Scortechini 2033; Wray 2961, 3203; King’s Collector 1984, 2938, 7123,
10034; Sincarore; Itidley 8118. SeLancore; Ridley 7333. Disrets.
Sumatra, Blume, Forbes 2970, 3108; Borneo, Beccari 536.

26. MemecyLon anpaMAnicom, King, n. sp. A shrub; young
branches slender with faint grooves below the nodes, the bark pale-
brown. Leaves chartaceous, brown on the upper and greenish-yellow on
the lower surface when dry, oblong-lanceolate, gradually and bluntly
acuminate, the base cuneate; main nerves 10-12 pairs, interarching
near the edge, sub-horizontal; length 2:25-3 in.; breadth -75-1 in.;
petiole ‘25-3 in. Peduncles unequal, ‘2-4 in. long, in pairs in the axils
of leaves or of fallen leaves, bearing at their apices several 3-5-flowered
umbels, bracteolate at the divisions, flower-pedicels as long as the
calyx, minutely bracteolate at the base. Calyx-twbe campanulate,
tapered below, the mouth truncate, nearly ‘2 in. wide. Bud of petals
conical. Fruit depressed-globular, crowned by the small calyx-limb,
yellowish, *2 in. in diam.

Anpaman Istanps; King’s Collectors, 357, 452. Nicobar Isnanps.

A species with leaves somewhat like those of M. garcinioides, Bl., but narrower.
~ In its inflorescence it resembles M. acwminatum, Sm., but the peduncles are longer

, 498

Guz

86 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

than in that species. The inflorescence also resembles that of M. intermedium, B1.,
but when young it is covered with a yellow waxy coat; the pedicels and peduncles
are moreover much shorter than in M. intermedium. The leaves resemble those
of the latter species in shape but are of a thinner texture so that the nerves are
visible though faint.

27. MEMECYLON INTERMEDIUM, Blume, Mus, Bot. I, 358. A tree,
20-40 feet high ; young branches slender, terete, pale cinereous. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, broadly ovate, shortly and bluntly acuminate, the
base cuneate, greenish above and brown beneath when dry; main
nerves invisible or nearly so; length 2°75-3°5 in.; breadth 1°25-2 in.;
petiole ‘25-35 in. Cymes large, crowded, in the axils of leaves or of
fallen leaves, usually in pairs, on peduncles several times longer than
the petioles, compoundly umbellate; pedicels slender, bracteolate at
the base, ‘1 in. long. Calya-tube cup-shaped, with a wide, truncate,
edentate or minutely toothed limb. Jruit not seen (globose fide
Cogniaux). Triana in Linn. Trans. XXVIII, 157; C. B. Clarke in
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 561; Cogn. in DC. Mon. Phan. VII, 1158.
M. wnbellatum, Blume, Bijdr. 1094 (not of Burm.) Naud. iu Ann. Se.
Nat. Ser. 3, XVIII, 273 ; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. I, pt. I, 575. MM. gareinioides,
Bl., var. elongatum, Blume, Mus. Bot. I, 358. :

PERAK; Scortechini 1086. Distrie. Sumatra; Java.

This resembles MV. garcinivides, Bl., very closely, but differs in inflorescence, the
cymes of this being larger, on longer peduncles.

28. Memecynon EDULE, Roxb., Corom. Plants J, t. 82. A shrub
or small tree; young branches terete, pale when dry. Leaves coriaceous,
drying brown, the lower surface paler, both often with an olivaceous
tinge, elliptic or ovate, the apex sub-acute or shortly and bluntly
acuminate, the base usually cuneate but sometimes rounded ; main
nerves 0-8 pairs, oe inconspicuous, ascending; length 2-4 in.;
breadth ‘85-225 in.; petiole ‘1-35 in. Peduwncles several together,
unequal in length, fonker than the petioles, axillary, umbellately cymose,
many-flowered ; pedicels longer than the calyx. Calyzx-tube cupular,
narrowed to the base, the limb truncate, sometimes obscurely 4-toothed.
Fruit globular, crowned by the small calyx-limb, ‘25 in. in diam.

Only two of the numerous varieties of this species occur in our
region. These are as follows:—

Var. 1. typica. Leaves usually under 3 in. long, dull, tinged with
yellow when dry, acute or obtuse. MM. edule, Roxb. Fl. Ind, I, 260;
DC. Prodr. III, 6; Wall. Cat, 4107; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 93;
Kurz, For. FI. I, 512. M. edule, var. a, Thwaites Enum.111. I. wmbel-
Sth Burm. Fl. Zeyl, t. 31. WM. tinctoriwm, Keen. ex W. & A, Prodr.
319, Wight Til. t. 31. M. globiferum, Wall. Cat. 4108. df. pyrifoliwm,
Nand: in Ann, Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XVIII, 277.

494,

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 87

SINGAPORE ; Ridley 4084, 6054. Matacca; Griffith (Kew Distrib.)
2327; Maingay (K.D.) 812; Derry 1028. Kevan; Ridley 2627,
Curtis 2627. Distris. India, Ceylon.

Var. 2. ovata, C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 563. Leaves
large, often 4-4°5 in. long, acute or acuminate atthe apex, the base
rounded or cuneate, shining when dry ; fruit black whenripe and some-
what succulent. M. ovatum, Sm. ex Kurz, For. Fl. 1,512. M. edule,
var. y, Thwaites Enum. 110. MM. wmbellatum, Hb. Heynein Wall. Cat.
4109. WM. tinctoriwm, var. B, W. & A. Prodr. 319. M. prasinum, Naud.
in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, XVIII, 275. M. grande, Wall. Cat. 4103
partly. M. lucidum and M. pyrifoliwm, Presl. Epim. Bot. 209, 210.
ANDAMAN IsLANDS ; not common. Narconpam and Great Coco
Isuanps; Prain. Perak; King’s Collector. 4175; Scortechini 947.
as Curtis 723. Suvcarore ; ; Ridley 6532. Diererp. India, Malayan
Rash olan,

DovuBTFUL SPECIES.

M.amabile, Bedd. vaR. malaccensis, Clarke in Fl. Br, Ind. II, 555. This is

founded by its author on the very imperfect material afforded by Maingay’s

specimens (Kew Distrib. 819).
M, laxiflorum, Wall. Cat.; see note under MM. oleaefoliwm, Blume.

a | aes

66 From the Journal, Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. LXX, Part IT,
No. 1, 1901.

V.—Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.—By Sir Groner
Kine, K.C.LE., LL.D., F.R.S., &e., late Superintendent of the Royal
Botanic Garden, Calcutta,

[Received April 2nd; Read June 5th, 1901. |
No. 12.

The present contribution to these Materials is occupied exclusively
by an account of the Natural Order Myrtacee. In the sequence followed
in Hooker’s Flora of British India, which has been adopted in these
papers, this family ought to have immediately preceded Melastomacez.
But, for reasons which are of no importance to any one besides the
author, the account of the latter order was prepared first and was pub-
lished in the eleventh of these papers. In the present paper 122 species,
belonging to 11 genera, are described. Six of these genera are re-
presented by only a single species; two of them by 2 species; one by 5,
one by 11, and the remaining one (Hugenia) by no fewer than 96 species.
The latter genus is a very perplexing one, from the fact that the species
resemble each other so closely. It is impossible to limit the genus by
really good well-marked characters, and it is equally impossible to
divide it into sub-genera by characters which do not break down.
Hugenia seems to be essentially a genus in the evolution of which an
extraordinary number of the successive forms have been preserved. I
have adhered to the arrangement of the species into the groups Jambosa
and Syzygium, although there are many species which might be referred
to either. Nobody can be more dissatisfied than I myself am with the
clavis of the species which I have prepared. In fact, while dealing with
this genus and with its literature, the belief has been forced upon me
that verbal deseriptions are of very little use in identifying the species,
and that the only safe way of doing so is by comparison with authen-
tically named Herbarium specimens.

Order XLVI. MYRTACHA.

Trees or shrubs, rarely herbs. Leaves opposite, seldom alternate
or whorled, petioled, simple, entire, rarely denticulate or crenate,
3-nerved or pinnately-nerved and usually with an intramarginal nerve,
generally coriaceous, and dotted with pellucid glands. Stipules if
present small and deciduous. Flowers regular, very rarely irregular,
hermaphrodite, or polygamous by abortion, axillary, solitary or in spikes
cymes corymbs or heads, naked or with an involucre, often with 2 bracts
at the base, white, pink, purple, or yellow, never blue. Calyx superior
or 9-Ssuperior, limb 4-5-many-fid or -partite, persistent or deciduous,

496

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 67

valvate or imbricate, sometimes entire or closed in bud. Petals inserted
on a disk surrounding the cavity of the calyx, equal in number to the
calyx-lobes and alternate with them, rarely 0. Dvzse living the calyx-
tube, staminiferous at the margin. Stamens usually numerous, inserted
with the petals in several rows, rarely definite and alternate with the
petals; filaments free or more or less coherent at the base or in bundles
opposite the petals ; anthers small roundish, with parallel cells bursting
longitudinally. Ovary inferior or 3-inferior, crowned by a fleshy disk, 1-
celled with 1 or more ovules, or more usually 2—many-celled with many
ovules; placentation axile (parietal in Rhodammia) ; style terminal rarely
lateral, smooth or bearded at the summit; stigma undivided. Frwit
usually crowned by the calyx-limb, either 1l-celled and l-seeded by
abortion, or 2—-many-celled with loculicidal dehiscence; or baccate and
indehiscent with the cells many-seeded or l-seeded by arrest. Seeds
angular cylindric or compressed ; testa hard or membranous, sometimes
winged; albumen 0; embryo straight curved or spirally twisted, cotyle-
dons usually short and obtuse sometimes combined into a mass with the
radicle, very rarely leafy, radicle often thick. Distris.—Tropical and
sub-tropical regions of both hemispheres ; species upwards of 2800.

Trise I. Leptospermex. Fruit capsular; leaves opposite or
alternate.
Leaves narrow.
Flowers few or solitary in the leaf-axils.
Stamens 10 or fewer, free, in a single series; leaves

opposite es ove tee 1. BXCKEA.
Stamens numerous, ae in a single series; leaves abe
nate ... oe -. -2. LEPTOSPERMUM. -'

Flowers in heads or iain Wasee usually alternate ;

stamens numerous, slightly combined into bundles

opposite to and longer than the petals aon: ee od» MELALEUCA.
Leaves broad. |

Flowers in axillary cymes; leaves alternate; stamens

indefinite, united into 5 bundles opposite to and shorter

than the petals eee oes ea -. 4 TRISTANIA.

Trise II. Myrtez. Froit a tant leaves opposite, often
gland-dotted.
Ovary l-celled with 2 eaves multi-ovalate a RR
. flowers small; leaves 3-nerved from the base 5. RHODAMNIA.
Ovary 1-3-celled with 2 rows of ovules in each cell sepa-
rated by spurious partitions; flowers rather large; leaves
3- to 5-nerved at the base, seeds numerous... 6. RHODOMYRTUS.
Ovary 5- (sometimes 4-) celled, with several ovules in en
cell, often with spurious partitions; seeds few; embryo
‘long and narrow with small cotyledons: flowers small and
numerous; leaves not 3-nerved __... obs .. 4% DECASPERMUM, ©

497.

68 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Ovary 2-3-celled with several ovules in each cell, without
spurious partitions; embryo thick, fleshy; cotyledons
large radicle short; seeds few; stamens numerous oo. 4S. NKUGENIA
Ovary 2-celled with numerous ovules in each cell; flowers
small, few, in small axillary inflorescences. Stamens 8:
otherwise as in Eugenia 9:
Trine III. Lecythidee. Fruit had na Sinedns or aauhy:
indehiscent ; leaves alternate, not gland-dotted.
Stamens all antheriferous, staminodes none; embryo un-
divided ; fruit angular, one-seeded a ... LO. BARRINGTONIA.
Inner stamens shorter and without anthers; embryo in-

volute ; the cotyledons leafy, plicate: fruit ovoid, several-
seeded aie see eve es .» Ll. PLANCHONIA.

PsEUDO-EUGENIA.

1. Bacxea, Linn.

Glabrous heath-like shrubs. Leaves opposite, narrow, pointed,
entire, with many pellucid glands. Flowers 5-merous, rarely 4-merous,
axillary, peduncled, with 2 minutely bracteolate. Calyx-tube widely
campanulate ; lobes 5, membranous, persistent. Petals 5, suborbicular.
Stamens 10 or fewer, shorter than the petals. Ovary in the single
Malay species 3-inferior, 2-3-celled, with several ovules in each cell.
Capsule bursting. from above loculicidally. Seeds angular; embryo
straight with short cotyledons.—Disrris. Species about 50, the greater
number Australian, a few in New Caledonia, one only extending into
India.

There are considerable differences in the stamens amongst the species referred
by Messrs. Bentham and Hooker to this Linnzan genus. Some of the species have
only 5 stamens, while others (like the solitary Indo-Malayan one) have 10 which
however are not unfrequently reduced to 8. There are moreover differences in the
shape of the anthers and filaments. The ovaries also in some have two and in
others three cells. On these and other characters more than a dozen genera were
founded by Schauer and others, but these have been mnie reduced to

Bzckea.

BxckeEa FRoTEScENS, Linn, Sp. Pl. 358. A slender shrub with thin -
wiry branches. Leaves linear, pointed, ‘25 to °5 in. long and ‘05 in. broad.
Flowers axillary, ‘08 in. in diam., usually solitary, in short peduncles.
Calyx with 5 rounded persistent lobes. Stamens 10 (or sometimes only
8). Ovary half-inferior. DC. Prod. IIT, 229: Sur. in Trans. Linn. Soc.
IIT, 260; Bot. Mag. t. 2802; Blume Mus. Bot. I, 69; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat.
Vol. I. Pt. 1, 406; Suppl. 308; Benth, Fl. Hong-Kong, 118: Duthie
in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 463. B. Cumingiana, Schauer in Walp.
Rep. II, 920. B. chinensis, Gertn. Fruct. I, 157, t. 31. B. swmatrana,
Bl. Mus. Bot. I, 69. i

In all the provinces except the Andaman and Nicolaas
Distr1s.—Malayan Archipelago. |

498

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 69

2, LePTospermum, Forst.

Shrubs or small trees, glabrous or silky-pubescent. Leaves alternate,
entire, rigid, with 1-3 nerves or nerveless. lowers solitary and
axillary, or 2-3 together at the ends of the branches, rarely peduncled,
sometimes polygamous; bracts broad, scarious, often imbricate, the
lower ones caducous. Calyx-tube broadly campanulate or turbinate,
adnate to the ovary below, the free upper part broad; lobes 5. Petals
5, spreading. Stamens numerous, in a single series, not longer than
the petals ; anthers versatile, their parallel cells bursting longitudinally.
Ovary inferior or %-inferior, enclosed in the calyx-tube, 5- or more-
celled, rarely 3- or 4-celled ; style filiform, inserted in a deep depression
of the ovary, sometimes short; stigma capitate or peltate. Capsule
usually exceeding the calyx-tube, opening loculicidally from above.
Seeds numerous, linear or winged, often sterile; embryo straight.
Distris.—Species upwards of 30, chiefly Australian, a few in New
Zealand and New Caledonia.

NOTE.

As in Bzckea the species have been separated off into several genera which
have been reduced by Messrs. Bentham and Hooker.

LEPTOSPERMUM FLAVESCENS, Sm.in Trans. Linn. Soc. III, 262. <A
bush or small scraggy tree’ with thin, striate, 4-angled branches: the
young parts glabrous or sericeous, Leaves coriaceous, narrowly oblong-
lanceolate to oblanceolate, obtuse, often with a deciduous point, sub-
sessile; when dry distinctly dotted beneath and obscurely 3-nerved,
glabrous or silky on the midrib beneath and on the edges, from °4 to 1 in,
long and ‘1 to °3 in. broad. Flowers sessile or sub-sessile, about ‘5 or ‘6 in.
in diam. (when dry). Calyz-tube glabrous or sericeous. Capsule much
depressed, surrounded by the calyx-tube, glabrous or hairy, 5-ridged,
pitted, opening by 5 valves, ‘25 to 30 in. in diam. (when dry). DC. Prod.
ITI, 227; Hook. fil. Fl. Tasm. I, 189; Benth. Fl. Austral. IIT, 104.

This species is common and widely distributed in Australia and
has several well-marked varieties of which two occur in our region.

VAR. commune, Benth. Fl. Austral. III, 104. Young branches
leaves and calyx-tube glabrous or glabrescent. Leaves narrowly oblong
or linear-lanceolate, ‘1 to "15 in. broad. J. flavescens, Bot. Mag. t.
2695. L. amboinensis, Blume Bijdr. 1100: Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I,
68; DC. Prod. III, 229: Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 404; Duthie
in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 464. LZ. polygalifolium, Salisb. Prod. 390 ;
L. Thea, Willd. Spec. Pl. II, 949. L. porophyllum, Cay. Te. IV, 17,
t. 330, fig. 2. Macklottia amboinensis, Korth. in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. I,
196. Myrtus amboinensis, Rumph. Herb. Amb. II, 77, t. 18.

499

70 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Matacca (on Mount Ophir); G@rifith (K.D. 2339) ; Lobb, Stolickza,
Maingay (K.D.) 713. Kenan, Ridley 5349. Distr1sp.—Bangka, Amboina,
Moluccas, Borneo, Australia.

VAR. javanica. Young branches densely sericeous; calyzx-tube
glabrescent, occasionally very sericeous. Leaves obovate-lanceolate,
broadly obtuse, with long silky hairs on the margins and on the midrib
beneath. Flowers often crowded. Li. javanicum, Blume Bijdr. 1100;
Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I, 68; DC. Prod. III, 229: Duthie in Hook. fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. II, 464. LZ. floribundum, Jungh. Java I, 578; Nat. en
Geneesk. Arch. Ned. Ind. IJ, 370; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. a on
Macklottia javanica, Korth. Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 196.

Matacca: Griffith. PrErax: Wray 3830, 885, 3839: Scortechini
754: King’s Collector 7426, 7435. Distris.—Sumatra, Java, Celebes,
Borneo. Burmah (a single specimen) at Moulmein; Lobb. This
variety is much commoner in the Peninsula than the former.

3. Mevanevca, Linn.

Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, entire, lanceo-
late or linear, flat or subterete, 1-3—many-nerved. Flowers in heads or
spikes, each sessile in the axil of a floral leaf, 5-merous; bracts deci-
duous. Oalyx-tube subglobose ; lobes 5, imbricate or open, deciduous or
persistent. Petals 5, spreading, deciduous. Stamens numerous, more
or less united at their bases into 5 bundles opposite the petals ; anthers
versatile, the cells parallel and bursting longitudinally. Ovary inferior
or half-inferior, enclosed in the tube of the calyx; style filiform, stigma
small; ovules numerous. Capsule included in the calyx, dehiscing
loculicidally by 3 valves. Perfect seeds cuneate: embryo straight,
longer than the radicle. Dustr1s.—Species about 130, almost all Austra-
lian, but one scattered in Asia. .

MevaLeuca Leucapenpron, Linn. Mant. 105. A tree often of con-
siderable size; the bark pale, thick, peeling off in papery layers.
Branches usually pendulous, slender. eaves coriaceous, alternate,
narrowly oblong-elliptic, oblique or falcate, acuminate acute or obtuse,
narrowed below into a short petiole, with 3 to 5 or 7 vertical unastomos-
ing nerves; when young adpressed-hairy, when old glabrous: length
1:5 to 5 in.; breadth -2 to 1 in. Spikes 2 to 6 in. long; sometimes
interrupted, solitary, at first terminal but subsequently surmounted by
a leaf-axis, the rachis and calices glabrous or hairy: calya-tube ovoid,
the lobes orbicular. Petals ‘1 to ‘15 in. in diam. Staminal bundles
under ‘5 in. long. Fruit about ‘2in.in diam. Benth. Fl. Austral. III,
142: Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2, 61; Fl. Br. Burm,
I, 472; Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br, Ind. I, 465.

500

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 7%

Matacca: Singapore. Distr1p.—Malayan Archipelago, — British
India, Australia.

The following two varieties have been distinguished by Mr.
Duthie in Hooker’s Flora of British India.

var. Leucadendron; spikes glabrous. Linn. Mant, 105 and Suppl.
342; Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 468; Roxb. Fl. Ind. III, 397; DC. Prodr. III,
212; Wall. Cat, 3646 ; Blume Mus. Bot. I, 66; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, pt. 1,
401. Myrtus Leucadendron, Linn.—Rumph. Herb. Amb. II, 72, tt. 16,
17, f. 1.—Cultivated in India,

VAR, minor; spikes villous. M. minor, Sm. in Rees. Cycl. 23;
DC. Prodr, III, 212; Wall. Cat. 3645; Blume Mus. Bot. I, 67; Mig. FI.
Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 403. M. Cajuputi, Roxb. Fl, Ind. IIT, 394; W. & A.
Prodr. 326; Miq. Jc. 403. M. Leucadendron, Lam. Encycl. 641.
M. viridiflora, Gertn. Fruct. I, 173, t. 35; DC. Prodr. l.c.; Wall. Cat. 3647.
M. saligna, Blume Mus. Bot. I, 66. M. Cumingiana and lancifolia, Turcz.
in Bull. Soc. Mose. xx. 164. M. saligna, Gmel. Syst. 793.—Rumph.
Herb. Amb. II, 76.—This appears to be the plant from which the Cajuput-
oil of commerce is chiefly obtained.

4, TristTanra, R. Br.

Tall shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate or crowded at the summit
of the branches, rarely opposite, coriaceous, glabrous. Flowers small,
yellow or white, in pedunculate axillary cymes; bracts deciduous or 0.
Calyz-tube turbinate-campanulate or open, attached below to the ovary ;
lobes 5, short, persistent, Petals 5, imbricate, spreading. Stamens
numerous, shorter than the petals, usually united in 5 bundles and
opposite to them; anthers versatile, cells parallel and opening longitu-
dinally. Ovary inte or $-Ssuperior, the apex flat or convex; 3-celled;
ovules many in each cell, suspended or horizontal. Capsule loculicidally
83-valved. Perfect seeds few, linear, cuneate, or winged at the upper
part; embryo straight, cotyledons broad, longer than the radicle.
Distris.—About 22 species inhabiting the Malay peninsula and islands,
New Caledonia, and Australia.

Leaves sessile, sub-auriculate wale a we L. TU. subauriculata.
Leaves narrowed into a short petiole.
Cymes (with their peduncles) much shorter than the leaves,
Leaves oblanceolate or obovate-oblong; capsules globular.
Petals transversely oblong, entire, shortly clawed;

capsules *4 to ‘5in,indiam. ... 2. T. merguensis.
Petals sub-rotund, aybentas, pe capeles °35 in, in
diam.: > ...> 3. T. Maingayi,

Leaves obovate ; SRE cities: 23 in, ane petals mate
rotund, their margins serrate _

eae T. obovata.
Cymes (with their peduncles) longer than the fave eee

T. Whiteana,
501

el

: 72 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

1. TRISTANIA SUBAURICULATA, n. sp. King. A tree 10 to 40 feet
high: the young branches pale (when dry) puberulous or glabrescent.
Leaves very coriaceous, sessile, obovate-oblong, the apex broad, blunt,
emarginate or slightly pointed, gradually narrowed to the slightly-
auricled base : both surfaces glabrous, pale when dry, the upper shining,
the lower paler, dull, obscurely glandular: main-nerves spreading,
not prominent, °2 in. apart, length 2°5 to 6 in.; breadth 1°5 to 2°5 in.
Cymes axillary, few-flowered, much shorter than the leaves, dichotomous :
the peduncles ‘3 to ‘8 in. long, compressed, clothed, especially above,
with white silky hairs. Flowers °25 in. across. Calya-tube tubular-
campanulate, densely pubescent below externally, the teeth broadly
triangular, blunt, short. Petals rounded, entire, glabrous. Stamens in
5 groups of 10 each. Ovary depressed-globular, glabrous. Capsule sub-
globular, glabrous, half-enveloped by the calyx, ‘25 in. in diam. Seeds
compressed, about 8 in each cell.

Perak: King’s Collector 7047, 82538.

This is allied-to T. merguensis, but has broader leaves of much thicker texture
and sessile; shorter fewer-flowered cymes, and smaller flowers and fruit.

2. TRISTANIA MERGUENSIS, Griff. in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. for 1854,
p- 637. A tree. Young branches stout with pale bark when dry; the
youngest puberulous. Leaves obovate-lanceolate, obtuse or obtusely
acuminate, narrowed to the very short or almost obsolete petiole ; main-
nerves ascending, distinct, ‘1 in. apart; both surfaces glabrous, the
lower dull, paler and obscurely glandular, the upper shining; length
3°5 to 7 in.; breadth 1°15 to 2 in. ; petiole1 to 2 in. Cymes on angular
peduncles ‘5 to 15 in. long, slightly supra-axillary, shorter than the
leaves, dichotomous, hoary-pubescent, especially towards the apex.
Flowers densely crowded at the ends of the branchlets, °25 in. in diam.
Calyz-tube densely clothed with white pubescence on both surfaces,
broadly cupular, tapered to the very short almost obsolete pedicel, the
teeth broad, rounded. Petals small, transversely oblong, shortly clawed.

~ Ovary pilose. Capsule sub-globular, large (‘4 in. in diam.), glabrous,

half-enveloped by the calyx ; its valves broad, blunt. Seeds compressed,
about 8 in each cell. Kurz, For. Fl. Burm. I, 473. ‘ Tristaniz affinis,”
Griff. Notul. 650: Ic. Pl. Asiat. t. 636, f. 3. Melaleuca eugenwfolia,
Wall. Cat. 3648. M. decurrens, Wall. Cat. 3649,

Matacca: Finlayson, Harvey. Perak: Wray 2921, 4124; Scortechinz
1021. Panane: Ridley 1062: growing at elevations of several thousand
feet. Distris.—Burma, Borneo.

3. Tristanta Marncay1, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl, Br. Ind. II, 467.
A tree: young branches with brown bark (when dry) and covered with
deciduous white hairs. Leaves narrowly oblong-oblanceolate acute, much

502 oe

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 73

narrowed to the short petiole; main-nerves spreading, less than °1 in.
apart, not conspicuous ; lower surface dull and glandular, slightly paler
than the shining upper: length 1°75 to 3°5 in.; breadth °5 to 1:25 in.;
petiole ‘1 to ‘2 in. Cymes on angular peduncles ‘5 to 1°25 in. long,
axillary, shorter than the leaves, dichotomous, hoary; the flowers few, |
crowded, ‘3 in. in diam., on very short pedicels. Calya-tube broadly
cup-shaped, tapered to the base; the teeth shallow, broad, sub-acute.
Petals small, sub-rotund, sub-entire, hairy outside. Ovary pubescent.
Capsule large (‘35 in. in diam.) sub-globular, glabrous, enclosed in the
calyx except at the apex; its valves broad, blunt. Seeds winged, 9 or
10 in each cell.
Penane: Maingay (K.D. 769); Curtis, 238, 458.

I keep up this species with mach hesitation. It appears to me to be a form of
T. merguensis with leaves and capsules smaller than usaal.

4. Trisvanra opovata, R. Br. in Benn. and Horsf. Fl. Jav. 127,
t. 27. A large shrub: the young branches reddish-brown, rusty puberu-
lous. Leaves obovate, much contracted to the short petiole, the apex
rounded or retuse; both surfaces glabrous, the lower glandular and
paler: main-nerves spreading, about ‘i in. apart; length 1°5 to 2°5 in. ;
breadth “6 to 1:2 in.; petiole *2 to ‘4in. Cymes extra-axillary and
terminal, few-flowered, puberulous or glabrous, much shorter than the
leaves. lowers ‘15 in. long, on pedicels shorter than themselves, often
in pairs. Calya-tube turbinate ; the teeth rounded, short. Petals sub-
rotund with serrate margins. Ovary silky. Capsule °2 in. long, oval,
glabrous, much longer than the persistent calyx: its valves broad,
blunt. Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 397. |

SinGarore: Eidley 5886.

5. Tristanta WaiTeAna, Griff. Pl. Cantor. 18. A shrub, the young
bark brown. Leaves oblanceolate, bluntly acuminate, much narrowed
to the short petiole; both surfaces shining, the lower pellucid-punctate,
pale: main-nerves numerous (about ‘05 in. apart), sub-horizontal ;
length 3 to 5°5 in.; breadth °75 to 1:75 in. ; petiole ‘25 to'5 in. Cymes
on peduncles nearly as long as the leaves, corymbosely paniculate,
minutely pubescent, axillary and terminal, the bracts few and leaflike ;
bracteoles small caducous. Flowers numerous, on pedicels shorter than
themselves, ‘1 in. across. Calya-tube obconic, densely pubescent on
both surfaces, its teeth obsolete. Petals orbicular, glandular. Capsule —
under ‘1 in. in diam., free from the calyx except at the base.
7. Wightiana, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 466. 12. sumatrana,
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 308. Hypericinea pimentifolia, Wall. Cat,
4828. |

503

74 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Matacca: Griffith (K.D. 2340). Sincarorr: Wallich, Lobb.
Pananc: Walker 62. Distrrs.—Sumatra, Java, Borneo.

NOTE.

In Hooker’s Flora of British India T. burmannica, Griff. is said to have been
collected at Malacca. TI find however no specimens from that locality in either the
Kew or the Calcutta Herbarium ; and I therefore omit it here.

5. Ruopamnia, Jack.

Shrubs or small trees. Leaves opposite, 3-nerved, hoary or pubes-
cent beneath. Flowers rather small, pedicels short, sometimes shortly
fasciculate or in short lax racemes ; bracteoles small, deciduous. Calyz-
tube ovoid or subglobose, not produced beyond the ovary; segments 4,
persistent. Petals 4, spreading. Stamens numerous, in several series,
free; filiments filiform ; anthers versatile with parallel cells dehiscing
longitudinally. Ovary 1-celled with parietal placentas and many ovules ;
style filiform, stigma peltate. Berry globose, crowned with the limb of
the calyx. Seeds few, reniform, globose or variously compressed, testa
hard; embryo horseshoe-shaped, radicle long, cotyledons very short.
Disrrip.—About 6 species; Australia, and Tropical Asia.

RHODAMNIA TRINERVIA, Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I, 79. A
small tree or a shrub: young parts and inflorescence often silky.
Leaves ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-nerved ; upper
surface glabrous, reticulate; the lower glabrous or silvery pubescent ;
length 1:75 to 4°5 in.; breadth °75 to 2 in.; petiole -2 to “385 in.
Peduncles varying in length but always much shorter than the leaves,
axillary, l- rarely 3-flowered, minutely bracteolate near the calyx. rut
globose, reddish, ‘2 to 3 in. in diam. Kurz in Journ, As. Soc. Beng.
XLVI, Pt. 2, 63; For. Fl. Br. Burma I, 474: Benth. Fl. Austral.
III, 278; Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 468. Myrtus trinervia,
Sm. in Trans. Linn. Soe. III, 280. Hugenia ? trinervie, DC. Prod. IIT,
279: Bot. Mag. 3223,

In all the Provinces except the Andaman Islands;common. DiIstTRIB.
—The Malayan Archipelago and Philippines to Australia, Burma.

var. concolor ; leaves green on both surfaces, sparingly pubescent,
peduncles 4-7- or fewer-flowered. . BR. cinerea, Griff. Notul. 653, not of
Jack ; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. le. BR. concolor, Mig, Fl. Ind, Bat.
Suppl. I, 315. Myrtus smilacifolia, Wall. Cat. 3629.

VAR. spectabilis ; leaves silvery-white beneath or greyish when old,
flowers usually fewer, 2 or solitary. R. spectabilis, Blume Mus, Bot. I,
78; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 479; Kurz Lc, WR. cinerea, Jack,
in Mal. Mise, Monozora spectabilis, Wight Ill. II, 12, t. 97, f£. 5,

504 .

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 75

Ri. Nageli, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 478. R. suocriflora and R, Mullert,
BI, Lc: 79.
This species, being widely distributed, rresents many forms several of which

have been described as species. The above arrargement of these forms into two
varieties was first suggested by Kurz.

6. RuHopomyrtus, DC.

Small trees or tomentose shrubs. leaves opposite, 3-nerved.
Flowers rather large, axillary. Calya-tube turbinate, oblong or sub-
globose, slightly produced above the ovary ; lobes 5, rarely 4, herbaceous,
persistent. Petals 5, ravely 4, spreading. Stamens indefinite, free, in
many series. Ovary I- 2- 3-celled with spurious partitions, or divided
into numerous 1-ovuled superposed cells; style filiform, stigma capitate.
Berry globose or ovoid, with few or numerous seeds not distinctly
Superposed in rows. Seeds compressed, reniform or nearly orbicular,
horizontal, testa hard; embryo curved or spiral, radicle very long,
cotyledons small. Distris.—5 species, four of them inhabitants of E.
Australia, and one widely distributed over Tropical Asia, especially
throughout the Indian Archipelago, as far as China.

Ruopomyrtus tomentosa, Wight Spicil. Neilgh. I, 60, t. 71. A
shrub 4 to 8 feet high: young parts tomentose. Leaves the lower
ternate, the upper opposite, elliptic to obovate, obtuse, sometimes
mucronate, 3-nerved, the under surface covered with soft white tomen-
tum, the upper glabrous: length 1°5 to 2°5 in.; breadth -65 to 1 in.;
petiole ‘1 to°15 in. Peduncles axillary shorter digit the leaves, 1-3-
flowered, bracteolate close to the calyx. Flowers 5 to °75 in. across.
Calyx tomentose, with 5 unequal lobes. Petals downy, shortly clawed.
Berry about the size of a cherry, oval or sub-globose, dark-purple: pulp
abundant, sweet. Seeds compressed, forming 2 rows in each cell. Miq-
Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 477; Benth, Fl. Hongk. 121; Duthie in Hook.
a vat Br. Ind. IT, 469 ; riiwaca Fl. Ceylon. II, 166. Myrtus tomentosa,

5 OO. Prodr. IIT, 240, Vahl Symb. II, 56; Blume Bijdr. 1081 ;
my GA, Prodr. I, 328; Wight EVEL 12,4" 97, if 3, Ic. 522; Roxth
Fl. Ind. IT, 498 ; Wall. Cat. 3630; Korth. in Ned. Kruidk. Keck: I; 198.
M. canescens, our. Fl. Cochine, I, 311.

Penanc, Matacca, Perak, Distrip—Malayan Archipelago. Hills
of Southern British India and Ceylon.

7. DecaspermMum, Forst.

Shrubs or small trees. Leaves opposite, pinnate-nerved. Flowers
small, in axillary racemes, or in terminal leafy panicles, occasionally
polygamous, Calyz-twbe campanulate, slightly or not at all produced

505

76 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

above the ovary; lobes 4 or 5, spreading. Petals 4 or 5, spreading.
Stamens numerous in several series, free, filaments filiform; anthers
small, versatile, with parallel cells opening longitudinally. Ovary 4- or
5-celled with 2 or very few ovules in each cell; cells often divided by
spurious dissepiments; style filiform, stigma peltate. Berry globose,
crowned by the calyx-lobes. Seeds 8 to 10, reniform-sub-globose, testa
hard ; embryo horse-shoe-shaped or circular, with long radicle and short
cotyledons. Disrr1s —About 4 species in tropical Asia, Australia, and
the Pacific Islands,

DECASPERMUM PANICULATUM, Kurz in dourn. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI,
Pt. 2, 61: For. Flora. Br. Burma IJ, 475. A small tree, often 30 feet
high. Young parts and inflorescence minutely sericeous-tomentose,
Leaves membranous or thinly coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, the base often narrowed, edges entire; main-
nerves about 10 pairs, spreading, not prominent ; upper surface glabrous :
the lower paler and reddish, glandular, midrib always pubescent on
the lower and always on the upper; length 1:25 to 3°5 im. ; breadth
-4.to lin.; petiole ‘1 to ‘3 im. Pamicles axillary and shorter than the
leaves, or terminal and longer than the leaves; bracts small and
deciduous, or leaf-like and permanent. Flowers ‘2 to ‘3 in. in diam.,
often polygamous. Petals white, pubescent inside. Calyx-twbe more or
less clothed with white hairs; the lobes roundish or sub-acute, hairy
or glabrous. Style exserted. Berry globose, about ‘1 in. in diam. Duthie
in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 470. Nelitris paniculata, Lindl. Collect. Bot.
under 16; DC. Prod. III, 231; Wall. Cat. 3627; Wight Ill. II, t. 97,
fig. 10. Icon. 521; Benth. Fl. Austral. IT, 279. N. polygama, Spreng.
Syst. II, 488; Korth. in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 1,197. WN. pallescens,
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 314. Hugenia polygama, Roxb. Hort. Beng.
92; Fl. Br. Ind. IJ, 491. HE. cuspidata, Wall. Cat. 3627. Memecylon
acuminatum, Wall. Cat. 4105; Syzygium viminewm, Wall. Cat. 3093 B.
Hireea Finlaysoniana, Wall. Cat. 3566 F.

In all the provinces except the Andaman and Nicobar Islands:
common. DIstRip. Male Archipelago, Burma, Khasia Hills, Sikkim
Terai. !
Various other forms to which specific names have been given appear to me to
be reducible here. The Wallichian examples in Herb. Calcutta of Wall. Cat. 3593
B and 4105 belong in my opinion to this species.

var. Finlaysoniana, Duthie l.c.; leaves sub-coriaceous, panicles
shorter than the leaves, few-flowered, calyx densely tomentose, its lobes
rounded : stamens nearly equalling the petals. N. polymorpha, Blume
Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. I, 75, t. LX. Hirea Finlaysoniana, Wall. Cat.
7363.

506

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula, 77

8. Euaenta, Linn.

Trees or shrubs, smooth or rarely tomentose or setose. Leaves
opposite rarely alternate, coriaceous or membranous, pinnate-nerved.
Inflorescence centripetal with solitary axillary flowers, or in short racemes
or centrifugal in dense terminal or axillary cymes or in terminal or
lateral trichotomous panicles. SBracts usually small and deciduous.
Calyz-tube globose or more or less elongate, 4- or 5-lobed or sub-truncate.
Petals 4 or 5, free and spreading or connivent calyptrate and caducous.
Disc lining the calyx-tube, staminiferous at the edge. Stamens numer-
ous, in many rows, usually combined in 4 or 5 bundles; filaments
slender; anthers small, versatile, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary
inferior, 2- rarely 3-celled ; ovules many in each cell; style filiform,
stigma small. Fruit inferior, crowned by the remains of the calyx,
pulpy, rarely dry. Seeds few, oblong or globose, often compressed,
testa membranous or cartilaginous, albumen none or very scanty ;
embryo thick, fleshy. Disrrisp.—About 650 species chiefly in tropical
America and Asia; a few in tropical Africa and Australia.

Sect. I. Jamsosa. Flowers usually 4-merous, often large. Calyx clavate,
funnel-shaped or sub-globose, its staminal disc often thickened and its mouth with

4-persistent often thickened lobes crowning the fruit. Petals free, Berry pulpy;
seeds large.

Leaves large—
Leaves with their main nerves under 20 pairs, bold, the
reticulations inconspicuous, mostly from 8 to 14 in. long
(except in Nos. 8, 9 and 10)—
Flowers 1 inch or more across—

Leaves on very short inconspicuous petioles, auricled SS ,
$ 2. E. Perakensis,
at the cordate base, often amplexicaul oe : ;
3. F. javanica.
Leaves neither cordate nor amplexicaul but narrowed({ 4. E. Jambos.
at the base a pee oe dee 5. E. malaccensis.
Flowers half an inch or at most three quarters of an
inch across —
Leaves glabrous—
6. E.pseudo-formosa.
Young branches sub-terete or compressed ..,. 7, E. papillosa,
8. E. densiflora,
9. E. plumbea.

Young branches 4-angled ue ... 10. E. Scortechinii,
Leaves hairy beneath ; flowers in terminal panicles 11. E. mollis,
Leaves 8 to 16 in. long, with very numerous (more than
20 pairs) of bold distinct sub-horizontal main nerves;
flowers half an inch or more in diameter—

12. E, quadrata,
13. FE. scalarinervis.
14, E. pergamentacea,

507

Reticulations of leaves distinct .., cal ve -}

78 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
Reticulations of leaves faint wa ove ane { bs. 2.
16. E. Hemsleyana.
Leaves small—
Leaves 2°5 to 8 in. long (longer in No 19)
Flowers in terminal spreading panicles—
f 17. E. pachyphylla.
Leaves obovate, oblanceolate, or broadly elliptic a4 15. oe Wea 4a
119. E. garcinifolia.
(20. E. crenulata.
(21. EB. grandis.
Leaves oblong, ovate or elliptic, tapering slightly | 22. B. ene
at each end ass moe ee sy a 23. H. Grifithis.
| 24, H. Clarkeana,
(25. E. corrugata.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate or narrowly elliptic (some-
times broadly elliptic in E. pyrifolia) much narrowed
to each end, the apices sometimes caudate-acuminate—
26. E. pendens.
27. E. Burkilliana.
28. EH. Helferi.
29. HE. Kurzii, VAR.
Flower-buds clavate ... andamanica.
30, EH. anisosepala,
31. H. Gageana.
| 32. E. Hullettiana,
33. £. chlorantha.
ae E. penangiana,
( 35. E. Ridleyt.
36. E. pyrifolia.
Flower-buds globular, not clavate a rm ee a
(38. E. cymosa,
Flowers in small axillary or terminal racemes or in lax
racemose few-flowered panicles ~—
( 39. E. conglomerata,
40. E. urceolata.
| 41 glauca.
: +42, EH. subrufa.
Flower buds globular or slightly elongated ... ve id B Dupe
44, EH. polyantha,
45. EB. Manii.
| a6. E. caudata.
Flower-buds and flowers much elongated ... ove ible ah stan
48. EH. andamanica.
Flowers in dense short terminal or axillary glomeruli
or cymes—
Flowers not conspicuously bracteolate—
eee vee ove .. 49. EH. Hoseana.

Flower-buds globular
508

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 79

( 50. EH. Benjamina,

51. EH. variolosa.

a 52. E. claviflora.
| 93. EB. zeylanica.
ies E. grata.

Flower-buds much elongated eps

55. EH. tecta.
Flowers in conspicuously bracteolate dense up 56. E. pseudo-tetra-
. ptera.
branches 4-angled assess oes so ey a ee

Sect. II. Syzyerum. Flowers 4- or 5-merous, usually small: the calyx obovoid,
turbinate or clavate, its staminal disc rarely thickened, the mouth 4- or 5-toothed
or lobed or sub-entire. Petals more or less connate, much imbricate and calyptrately
deciduous. Berries small, sub-globose or oblong, often with little pulp.

Flowers panicled, their buds ‘2 in. or more in length (less
in E. nigricans and E. expansa), clavate, always narrowed
into a long pseudo-stalk—
Leaves more than 2 inches long—
Main-nerves of leaves under 25 pairs, distinct—
bs 58. EB. valdevenosa.

Panicles large, lax, spreading, mostly terminal ... § 59. H. oblongifolia,
(8: E. sub-hori-

zontalis,
61. HE. Valetoniana.
Panicles short, both axillary and terminal ... eee {62 #. ewpansa.
63. E. chloroleuca.

64. E. nigricans,
65. E. inophylla,
66. F. oblata.
Nerves of leaves very numerous, close together andJ 67, E. Bernardi.
equally distinct or often all obscure... ose .. | 68. EH. Prainiana.
69. EH. Pearsoniana.
| 70. E. levicaulis,
71. E. Goodenoviti.
‘Leaves 2 inches or less in length, rarely as much as 2°5 in,—
Glabrous—
Fruit oblong... at arr in ave .. 72. E. linocieroidea.
} 73. E. myrtifolia.
a . a S78 E, Stapfiana.
75. E. Wrayi.
Setose- sax ese on ne te oe «=. ei 46. BE. setosa.

Fruit globose or sub-globose ...

Flowers numerous, less than ‘2 in. long, in terminal or

axillary panicles;/oblong or clavate, tapered gradually to

the base, rarely narrowed into a short pseudo-stalk, all

without a true pedicel except sometimes the terminal ones

of the branchlets. o

. 77. E. inasensis,

; “os 78. E. subdecussata.

79. E. punctulata. —

009

Leaves obtuse or sub-acnute ... San

80 Materials fora Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

{ 80. E. bracteolata.
81. FE. venulosa.
3 82, E. pseudo-subtilis.
*" . 83. E. microcalyz.
84. EH. scoparia.
| 85. EB. myriantha.
(86. E, verecunda.
87. E. pseudo-subtilis
VAR. sub-acuminata.
| 88.B. Swettenhamiana.
| 89. E. acuminatissima.
a 90. E. Kunstleri.
191. E. pustulata.
92. EH. Koordersiana.
93. E. simulans.
94. E. Curtisii.

Flowers small, numerous, in short much-branched spread- é 95. E. operculata.

Leaves obtuse or sub-acute... a6 ae eee

Leaves more or less acuminate

96. EH. nicobarica.
97. E. Jambolana.

, ing cymose panicles mostly from the scars of fallen leaves;
A globular or nearly so, narrowed gradually to the base or
abruptly contracted into a short pseudo-stalk.

1. EKucenra Formosa, Wall. PI. As. Rar. II. 6, t. 108: Wall. Cat. (in ©
part) 3609. A tree, 20 to 30 feet high : young branches almost terete,
with pale bark. Leaves coriaceous, ovate-oblong to lanceolate-oblong,
much tapered to the acute apex, sometimes in threes ; the base rounded,
slightly cordate ; upper surface pale, olivaceous (when dry), the lower
paler; both quite smooth; main-nerves 12 to 20 pairs, rather strong,
ascending, rather straight, interarching ‘2 to ‘3 in, from the edge ; length
8 to 12 occasionally to 18 in.; breadth 3 to 5in.; petiole about ‘2 in.
Flowers about 2 in. across (excluding the stamens), pale rose-coloured,
on pedicels ‘3 to ‘5 in. long, bracteolate near the apex, in fascicles of
three (occasionally solitary), usually from the branches below the
leaves but sometimes terminal. Calyx-tube *6 to °75 in. long, clavate-
turbinate, smooth; the 4 lobes broad, rounded, unequal, ‘5 in. broad and
about half as long. Petals ‘5 in. long, almost orbicular. Filaments more
than 1 in. long, very numerous, spreading. Fruit as large as a small
apple, globose, contracted towards the base, crowned at the apex by the
spreading calyx-lobes, white, smooth, 2-seeded, the pulp rather scanty.
Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I, 471; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc.
Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2,68; For. Fl. Brit. Burm. I, 492; Wight Ill. II,
14. Jambosa formosa, Walp. Rep. Bot. Il, 191; Blume Mus. Bot. I,
92; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 412. J. mappacea, Korth. in Ned,
Kruidk. Arch. I, 200. EH. somarangensis, DC. Prod. IIT, 286.

Perak: King’s Collector 6254; Scortechint.

Only a few specimens of this are to be found from our area in the Herbaria at
Kew and Calcutta, and they have all oblong-lanceolate leaves. In British India
the form with ovate-oblong leaves is the commoner.

510

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 81

_. 2, RUGENIA PERAKENSIS, King n. sp. A glabrous tree, 50 to 70 feet
high: young branches as thick as a swan-quill, brown when dry. Leaves
coriaceous, oblong-elliptic, the apex sub-acute, narrowed gradually to
the cordate, slightly oblique base ; upper surface olivaceous when dry,
the lower pale-brown; main-nerves 12 to 14 pairs, ascending, curving a
little and interarching ‘2 to ‘4 in. from the edge, very prominent on the
lower surface, faint on the upper ; intermediate nerves and reticulations
slender but distinct ; length 12 to 16 in.; breadth 5 to 8 in.; petiole 3
in. very stout. Flowers 1 in. or more across, in fascicles of 6 to 8 from
depressed tubercles on the smaller branches, on peduncles ‘5 in. long.
Calyz-tube campanulate, *5 in. long, contracted into a pseudo-stalk at its
junction with the peduncle: the mouth with 4 broad, rounded lobes
less than 1 in. long. Petals orbicular, longer than the calyx-lobes.
Fruit unknown.

Perak: King’s Collector 5595.

A species only once collected and the specimens have no fruit; somewhat
resembling E. macrocarpa, Roxb., but with smaller flowers and larger leaves.

3. Evoacenta gavanica, Lamk. Dict. III, 200. A glabrous tree, 25 to
35 feet high : young branches terete, pale-brown. Leaves thinly coriaceous,
elliptic-oblong, elliptic-lanceolate or elliptic, the apex acute or subacute,
slightly narrowed to the rounded (sometimes slightly cordate) base ;
both surfaces pale-brown when dry: main-nerves slightly conspicuous
on the lower surface, 8 to 12 pairs, slightly curved, spreading, interarch-
ing about ‘1 in. from the edge; length 4 to 8 in.; breadth 1°75 to 3°5
in.; petiole ‘1 to -2in, Flowers 1 in. or slightly more in diam. (exclud-
ing the stamens) white, in axillary or terminal lax pedunculate few-
flowered corymbose racemes: peduncle of racemes from 1 to 1:25 in. in
length; pedicels of flowers -4 to “6 in. long. Calyz-tube clavate-
turbinate, smooth, ‘35 to ‘5 in. long, tapering into a short pseudo-stalk,
the 4 lobes broad, unequal, rounded, blunt, concave. Petals obovate-
orbicular, larger than the sepals. Filaments slender, about °75 in, long.
Fruit when quite ripe depressed-turbinate, about 1°5 in, long and 2 in,
broad at the apex, pale-yellowish, 1- or few-seeded, the endocarp spongy.
Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br, Ind. II, 474; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng.
XLVI, (1877), Pt. 2,69; For. Fl. Brit. Burm. I, 494. EH. alba, Roxb.
Hort. Beng. 39; Fl. Ind. II, 493; Wall. Cat. 3612A, 3614 all the
numbers. Jumbosa alba, Rumph Herb. Amb. J, 127, t. 39; W. & A,
Prodr. I, 332; Wight Ill. II, 14; Ic. t. 548; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt, 1,
443 (in part). J. samarangensis, Korth. in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. I, 201;
Blume Mus, Bot. I, 95. Jambosa macrophylla, DC. Prod. III. 286 (in
part). Myrtus samarangensis, Blume Bijdr. 1084. Jambosa insignis,
Bl. Mus. Bot. I, 100. Jambosa ambigua, Bl. Mus. Bot. I, 96.

\

dll

\

82 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Matacca: Griffith 2352, Maingay 748, Hervey. Sincaprore: Ridley
8931. Anpaman and Nicozar islands (very common). Dzistr1s.—Java,
Zollinger, 2nd Journey 808, etc.; Timor Laut, Forbes 334; New Guinea
and many of the other islands of the Archipelago.

Distinguished in the group by its shortly petiolate leaves and pedunculate lax
racemes which are often terminal.

VAR. Roxburghiana, Duthie in Fl. Br. Ind. II, 475; leaves almost
sessile, cordate and amplexicaul at the base, the apex rounded. HE. decora,
Wall. Cat. 3608.

4. Eucenra Jampos, Linn. Sp. Pl. 47. A shrub or small glabrous
tree : young branches more or less four-angled, pale-brown, ratber slender.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, tapering to each end, the
apex acuminate (sometimes almost caudate) the base more abruptly
narrowed to the petiole ; both surfaces pale-olivaceous when dry; the
main-nerves distinct on the lower, 10 to 14 pairs, slightly curved,
ascending, interarching in a rather faint nerve ‘1 in. inside the edge,
the secondary nerves rather distinct, one (sometimes two) between
each pair of primaries ; length 4 to 7 in. ; breadth 1 to 1°6 in. ; petiole *25
in. Flowers 2°5 to 3 in. in diam., in few-flowered terminal racemes shorter
than the leaves, the pedicels ‘3 to ‘4in. long. Calya-twbe turbinate,
‘5 in. long, the lobes 4, broad, short, reflexed, Petals much larger than
the calyx-lobes, obovate-rotund, about ‘5 in. long; filaments 15 to 2 in.
long, shorter than the style. Fruit ovoid or globular, 1°5 to 2 in. long,
dull-yellow tinged with pink, smooth, endocarp fleshy and edible,
crowned by the inflexed calyx-lobes. Seeds one or two. Roxb. Hort.
Beng. 37; Fl. Ind. I, 494; Wall. Cat. 3615; Wight Ill. Il, 14;
Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 474. Brandis For. Fl. 233; Kurz
in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI. (1877) Pt. 2, 69; For. Fl. Brit.
Burm. [, 495. Jumbosa vulgaris, DC.; Blume Mus. Bot. I, 93; W.
& A. Prodr. I, 332; Bot. Mag. 3356; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 425;
Wight Ic. 435. Myrtus Jambos, Kunth; Korth. in Ned. Kruidk.
Arch. I, (1846), 200; Blume Bijdr. 1085.—Rumph. Herb. Amb. I, 123;
Rheede Hort. Mal. I, 27, f. 17.

Cultivated in most of the provinces: perhaps wild in Perak; Scorte-
chini ; Maingay 735, Cultivated also in British India.

Readily distinguished in this section by its narrow leaves attenuated to each
end and few-flowered terminal racemes,

5. Bucenra manaccensis, Linn. Sp. Plantar. 470. A glabrous tree, 30
to 40 feet high ; young branches almost terete (slightly compressed) with
pale bark. Leaves coriaceous, with short but distinct petioles, narrowly
elliptic-oblong to oblanceolate-oblong, the apex more or less suddenly
acute, the base much tapered to the petiole: when dry the upper

O12

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 83,

surface olivaceous the lower pale-brown: main-nerves 10 to 12 pairs,
slightly curved upwards, interarching to form a marginal nerve ‘1 in. to
‘15 in. from the edge ; length 6 to 11 in.; breadth 1°75 to 3 in.; petiole
‘3to ‘5 in. Flowers 1 to 1°5 in. in diameter, in sessile or shortly peduncu-
late fascicles of three from the branches below the leaves. Calyz-tube
obconic about °5 in, long, tapering into the quarter inch long ebracteo-
late pedicel; calyx-lobes 4, broadly rounded, coriaceous, not reflexed.
Petals orbicular, with a broad claw, the edges thin, about ‘4 in. in diam.
(when dry). Fruit about the size of a hen’s egg, obovate, turbinate to
elliptic-ovoid, smooth and glossy, from pale-rose-coloured to dark-pur-
ple, crowned by the inflexed calyx-lobes, edible. Seed usually solitary.
Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. India. II, 471; Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 483;
Wall. Cat. 3611; Wight Il. II, 14, t. 98; Kurz in Journ. As. Soe.
Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2,68; For. Fl. Brit. Burm. I, 493. EH. macrophylla,
Lam. Encye. III. 196. Jambosa malaccensis, DC. Prod. III, 286 ; Korth.
in Ned. Kruidk. (1847), 200; Bot. Mag. 4408; W. & A. Prodr. I, 332.
J. purpurascens, DC. 1,c. excl. syn. Roxb. J. domestica, Rumph. Herb.
Amb, I, 121, t. 37 (not good) and 38, f.i; DC. Jc. 288; Blume Mus.
Bot. I, 91; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 411. Myrtus macrophylla,
Spreng. ; Blume Bijdr. 1084. M. malaccensis, Spreng.; Blume l.c. 1083.
—Burm. FI. Ind. 114; Rheede Hort. Mal. I, 29, t. 18.

Doubtfully wild in any of the Provinces, but frequently cultivated
as it also is in Burma, the Malayan Islands and British India.

The variety with very dark purple ovoid-elliptic fruit was described
as a species by Roxburgh and has the following synonymy :—Hugenia
purpurea, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 37; Fl. Ind. II, 483; Wight Ill. I, 14;
Ic. II, 549. -Jambosa purpurea, Wall. Cat. 3610. J. domestica, var.
purpurea, Blume Mus. Bot. I, 92; Mig. lLce—J. nigra, Rumph. Amb.
125, t. 38, fig. 1 P

6. EUGENIA PSEUDO-FORMOSA, sia n, sp. A glabrous shrub;
young branches slender, sub-terete, compressed near the nodes, pale.
Leaves sub-coriaceous, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, acuminate, slightly
narrowed to the rounded base; upper surface olivaceous-brown when
dry, the lower pale yellowish-brown; main-nerves 14 to 20 pairs,
curving upwards, interarching *15 to 25 in. from the margin; length 7
to 12 in.; breadth 3 to 5 in.; petiole °1 or ‘2 in. long, or absent. Flowers
white tinged with red, sessile in densely crowded fascicles or very
condensed cymes at the apices of the branches, ‘6 in. in diam., the buds
globular. Calya ‘4 in. long; the tube cylindric-campanulate, the
mouth with 4 broad blunt lobes becoming hardly triangular. Petals
orbicular. Style 1‘5 in. long. Stamens and fruit unknown.

_ Perak: Wray 1809, 3581; King’s Collector 3401, 5389, 6254 ;
Scortechint. Singapore: Ridley 9520,

513 ,

84 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

A species resembling H. formosa in its shrubby habit and its leaves : the latter
are however thinner in texture and they have more numerous nerves. The flowers
of this are however sessile fasciculate and much smaller in size. Wray 3688 and
Ridley 9628, which has its clavate flower buds in very short racemes, is probably a
form of this species. E, samarangensis DC. much resembles this but has its flowers
in small racemes or panicles.

7, EUGENIA PAPILLOSA, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br, Ind. II, 495.
A tree 40 to 50 feet high: young branches stout about as thick as a
goose-quill, terete, brown, those of the inflorescence 4-angled. Leaves
coriaceous, somewhat amplexicaul, oblong-elliptic sometimes obovate-
elliptic or lanceolate, subacute or blunt, narrowed to the cordate auricu-
late sub-amplexicaul base; upper surface smooth, shining, dark-olivace-
ous or blackish-brown; under surface reddish-brown; main-nerves 16
to 20 pairs, curving slightly upwards and interarching ‘1 to *2 in. from
the edge, very prominent on the lower surface like the mid-rib, in-
conspicuous or depressed on the upper; length 8 to 12 in.; breadth 3
to 5 in.; petiole less than ‘l, very thick. Panicles pedunculate, crowded
at the apices of the youngest shoots or axillary, shorter than the
leaves: the branches mostly short, divaricate, scurfy like the branch-
lets. Flowers (the stamens included) ‘6 in. long, sessile and collected in
globose-clavate bracteate heads of 5 to 8 at the apices of the branchlets ;
the bracts oblong, blunt, deciduous. Calyx ‘35 in. long, funnel-shaped,
narrowed above the middle to a pseudo-stalk: the limb wide and
with 4 broadly triangular, unequal, reflexed, blunt lobes. Petals orbicular,
three times as long as the calyx-lobes, not much shorter than the
stamens. Fruit unknown. JL. anacardifolia, King MSS.

Matacca; Manigay (K.D.) 737; Holmberg 873. Sincapore: Ridley
3829. Perak: Scortechini; King’s Collector 2813, 5869, 8475.

8. HEvuGENIA DENSIFLORA, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 473.
Shrubby, occasionally arboreous, glabrous : young branches compressed,
pale-brown. eaves coriaceous, narrowly elliptic-oblong, acuminate,
the base cuneate, both surfaces glabrous, shining, finely reticulate, the
upper olivaceous (when dry) the lower pale-brown; main-nerves 12 to
20 pairs, slender but distinct on both surfaces (when dry), ascending
slightly, curved and interarching °3 to ‘4 in. from the edge, a second
series of short arches being interposed between these and the margin;
length 5 to 8 in. ; breadth 1°75 to 2'5 in.; petiole 35 to ‘5 in. Panicles
terminal, many-flowered, compact; the branchlets numerous and few-
flowered. Flower-buds clavate, about ‘5 in. long just before expansion.
Flowers about ‘75 in. across, white, much tinged with red. Calya-tube
funnel-shaped, °3 to ‘4 in. long, jointed to a stout pedicel shorter than
itself ; the 4 lobes, ‘15 in. long, unequal, broad, rounded. Petals much

larger than the calyx-lobes, sub-orbicular, much shorter than the
514

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 85

stamens. Fruit as large as a cherry, rose-coloured, globular, with a
tough smooth epicarp, the apex crowned by the large calyx-lobes. Seed
one, rarely two. Jambosa densiflora, DC. Prod. III, 287; Korth. in Ned.
Kruidk. Arch. I, 200; Blume Mus. Bot. I, 93; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I,
Pt. 1,416. Myrtus densiflora, Blume Bijdr. 1087. Hugenia corymbosa,
Roxb. Fl. Ind. III, 497 ; Wight Ic. 627.

Matacca: Maingay (K.D.) 760/1 762/2 (2? 758). Perak: King’s
Collector 738, 4355, 4682, 5721, 5855, 5868, 7065, 8102, 10940; Scor-
techint 149, 743; Wray 544. Sincapore: Ridley 356, 5072. Panane:
Ridley 2646. Prnane: Curtis 3431. Distr1s.—Sumatra, Java.

A very handsome species somewhat resembling HZ. Jambos, L. but distinguished
by its dense terminal panicles of flowers which are individually smaller than those
of that species, also by its broader leaves, and smaller fruit; allied to EH. pendens,
Duthie and L. garcinifolia, King.

9. Huegenta pLuMBea, King n. sp. A glabrous tree; young
branches only as thick as a crow-quill, 4-angled, with dark bark. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, lanceolate, acuminate, somewhat narrowed at the
base ; both surfaces of a dull leaden colour when dry, the upper shining,
the lower dull; main-nerves 10 to 12 pairs, Se caries on the lower,
depressed on the upper surface ; length 3 to 4in.; breadth 1 to 1°5 in.
petiole lin. Flowers about °7 5 in. in diam., bisentél: white, in tesinitaiah
or axillary shortly pedunculate racemes of about three. Calyx ‘6 in.
long, campanulate or widely funnel-shaped, suddenly contracted just
above its insertion on the short pedicel ; the mouth wide, divided into
four broad, rounded segments ‘15 in. long. Petals rotund-reniform,
longer than the calyx-teeth, shorter than the stamens. Fruit unknown, |

Perak: on Gunong Pateh, elevat. 3400 feet ;, Wray 479,

A species resembling this has been collected in Borneo by Mr. Ridley (Herb.
Ridley 9071).

10. Evcenia Scorrecuinit, King n. sp. A glabrous shrub or tree:
young branches thicker than a crow-quill, boldly 4-angled, winged below
the nodes. Leaves scantily pellucid-dotted, sub-coriaceous, ovate-oblong
to oblong-lanceolate, acute rarely acuminate, narrowed to the rounded
occasionally minutely cordate base; both surfaces brown when dry, the
lower paler ; main nerves 7 to 10 pairs, prominent on the lower surface,
curving upwards, and j joining to form a bold nerve ‘2 in. from the
edge, between which and the edge is a second series of minute arches;
length 4 to 6 in.; breadth 1:35 to 2°35 in.; petiole ‘15 in. sometimes
absent. Racemes terminal and in the upper leaf-axils, corymbose,
condensed, very much shorter than the leaves, 3- to 9-flowered. Flowers
pale-red, with some yellow in the centre, about “65 in. in diam., on very
_ short pedicels. Calya cited and widely campanulate, -4 in. long,
515

86 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

smooth, the mouth with very broad short unequal lobes, very little
contracted at the base. Petals red, orbicular, longer than the calyx-
lobes, much shorter than the stamens. Fruit broadly oblong, the apex
truncate and crowned by the thick, deep, cup-shaped calyx, about ‘5 in.
long, the base abruptly contracted into a short pseudo-stalk.

Perak: Scortechint 649; King’s Collector 4734, 7801, 10076.
Mauacca: Manigay (K.D.) 736.

This resembles EL. diospyrifolia, Wall., but that species has long-stalked flowers,
with a narrower calyx-tube, and the nervation of the leaves is different. This also
resembles E. coarctata, Blume, which however differs in having pale terete young
branches and larger leaves, and EH. exmula, Blume, from which it differs in the
number of the nerves of the leaves and in its thicker young branches. From
E. macrocarpa, Roxb., this differs in its much thinner quadrangular branches and
much smaller flowers and fruit.

var. parvifolia ; leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate, only from 3 to
6 in. long and ‘8 to 1°25 in. broad.
Perak: King’s Collector 3348, 10437.

11. Evgenta mous, King n. sp. A hairy shrub or small tree: young
branches slender, pale-brown, 4-angled like the rachis and branches of
the panicle but not winged, covered with ‘short, thick, brown hairs.
Leaves sub-coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, the apex finely acuminate,
slightly narrowed to the rounded, slightly cordate base ; upper surface
pale olivaceous-brown, subglabrous ; the lower darker and everywhere
covered with hairs like those on the young branches and inflorescence ;
length 8 to 12 in.; breadth 1°75 to 4 in.; petiole ‘1 to ‘2 in. Panicles
terminal, shortly pedunculate, nearly as long as the leaves ; the branches
spreading and more or less trichotomous at their extremities, Flowers
numerous but not crowded, about ‘5 in. across when expanded. Calyz-
tube ‘4 in. long, clavate, densely and minutely scurfy-hairy tapering
much to the’ short pedicel; the mouth ‘3 in. across, divided into 4
subequal rounded lobes about ‘1 in. long, their edges thin and glabrous.
Petals orbicular, white, much longer than the calyx-lobes. Fruit ovoid-
globose, crowned by the cupular calyx, covered with deciduous scurf-
like hairs, °6 in. long.

Prrak: King’s Collector 2686, 2808, 5572, 8387; Wray 2372.
Distrip.—Sumatra, Forbes 1475.

12. Eveenta quaprata, King n. sp. A glabrous tree, 20 to 30
feet high: young branches as thick as a goose-quill, acutely 4-angled
and narrowly winged, pale-brown. Leaves thinly coriaceous, narrowly
oblong, much acuminate, slightly narrowed and cordate at the rounded
base ; upper surface pale olivaceous-brown when dry, the lower darker
brown and often not olivaceous; main-nerves 20 to 25 pairs, slender,

516

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 87

distinct, interarching ‘1 in. from the margin; the reticulations minute ;
length 8 to 10 in.; breadth 1°75 to 2°75 in.; petiole very short *05 in.
long. Oymes very short, glomerulate, 3-flowered, pedunculate, solitary
and axillary or in groups of 3 or 4 and terminal, about 2 to 3 in. long; —
their peduncles compressed, 1 to 1°5 in. long. Flowers white, about
‘75 in. in diam.: calyz-tube *5 in, long, widely campanulate, suddenly
contracted into a long pseudo-stalk, epedicellate ; calyx-lobes 4, unequal,
broad, rounded, only °1 in. long or less, reflexed. Petals orbicular, much
larger than the calyx-lobes. _ Stamens slightly exceeding the petals.
Fruit unknown.

Perak: King’s Collector 5547.

In shape and nervation the leaves of this somewhat resemble those of E. mollis,
King.

13. EUGENIA SCALARINERVIS, King n. sp. A glabrous tree, 20 to 30
feet high: young branches nearly as thick as the little finger, slightly
compressed, pale. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-ovate, sub-acute, the base
rounded and cordate ; upper surface brown slightly tinged with oliva-
ceous (when dry), the lower much paler; main-nerves 22 to 30 pairs,
very prominent on the lower and depressed on the upper surface, curving
very slightly upwards and interarching ‘15 in. from the margin, the
intermediate nerves rather distinct, the reticulations few and large;
length 10 to 14 in.; breadth 5to 7 in.; petiole about ‘3 in., stout,
wrinkled when dry. Flowers in much contracted few-flowered terminal
racemes, 1°5 in. or more across. Calyz-tube magenta-coloured (fide
collector), smooth, ‘75 in. long, contracted at the base into a pseudo-
stalk ‘15 in. long and jointed to a pedicel ‘15 in. long; the mouth
wide, divided into 4 broadly-triangular teeth *15 in, long. Petals
unknown. Style about 1 in. long, the stamens shorter. Fruit (unripe)
globular-ovoid, crowned by the large, wide-tubular, 4-lobed calyx-limb
*75 in. long.

PErak: King’s Collector 8200; Ridley 3095.

The specimens of this very fine species are scanty and imperfect. It is
distinguished by the great size of its leaves and by the large number and the
prominence of their sub-horizontal nerves.

14. HEuGENIA PERGAMENTACEA, King n.sp. A tree ?; young branches
terete, as thick as a quill, pale-brown. Leaves chartaceous-coriaceous,
narrowly elliptic-oblong, abruptly and shortly acuminate, the base
cuneate ; upper surface when dry shining and of a dull leaden-colour ;
the lower brown, both finely and transversely reticulate ; main-nerves
28 to 32 pairs, very regular, straight, slightly ascending, interarching
‘15 in, from the: margin, prominent on the lower, depressed on the
upper surface; length 12 to 16in.; breadth 4 to 6 in. ; petiole °5.

517

88 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

in., laterally compressed. Panicles 3 or 4 inches long, solitary in the
leaf. axils or in groups of 2 or3 at the apices of the branches; the
branchlets few, short, spreading, bearing 3 or 4 flowers at their apices,
Flowers ‘6 in. in diam. ; depressed globular in bud. Calyzx-tube shortly
and widely campanulate, suddenly contracted into a pseudo-stalk ‘1 in.
long : the teeth 4, short, unequal, rounded, inflexed. Petals 4, orbicular-
ovate, pellucid-dotted, not much longer than the stamens, free. Fruit
globular, smooth, crowned by the short calyx-cup, 1 in. in diam., black
when dry. Syzygium subdecussatum, Wall. Cat. 5589 in part,

Penane : Curtis 1440.

Since the time of Wallich who issued it along with his Syz, subdecussatum
this has been collected by Mr. Curtis only. The elongate leaves of parchment-like
texture with many straight very regular nerves and short panicles and globular
fruit distinguish it.

15. Euoenra Dyeriana, King n. sp. A tree, 40 to 50 feet high;
young branches as thick as a goose-quill ; young branches terete below,
compressed near the apex, dark-brown. Leaves thickly coriaceous,
elliptic, (oblong in the variety), slightly narrowed at each end; both
surfaces dark-brown when dry and shining; the upper with midrib and
main-nerves impressed, the reticulations invisible; the lower of a
warmer brown colour, the main-nerves and midrib (but not the reticu-
lations) very bold: main-nerves 13 to 20 pairs, slightly curved, ascend-
ing, interarching ‘1 in. or more from the recurved edge; length 7 to 9
in,; breadth 3°5 to 5 in.; petiole -4 to ‘6 in.; short. Panrcles narrow,
few-flowered, much shorter than the leaves, terminal or from the
upper leaf-axils, usually pedunculate: branches few, short, spreading,
much compressed, the flowers crowded at their apices. Flowers ‘4 in.
across when expanded, sessile, obovoid in bud. Calyx campanulate,
‘3 in. long, abruptly constricted into a very short pseudo-stalk, the
mouth wide and with4 small rounded lobes. Petals 4, free, not calyp-
trate, orbicular. Stamens white, only ‘25 in. long. Fruit (unripe)
globular, smooth, crowned by the small, short, circular remains of the
calyx, °75 in. in diam. ;

Perak: Scortechini 2018; Wray 2094; King’s Collector 6196, 6404,
6767.

var. oblonga ; leaves oblong or narrowly oblong-elliptic, 4 to 8 in,
long and 1:25 to 2°75 in. broad; panicles nearly as long as the leaves.

Prrak: King’s Collector 7669.

A species near EZ. Clarkeana, King, but with larger leaves with more nerves,
larger flowers but smaller panicles.

16. Hucenra Hemsteyana, King n. sp, A tree, 30 or 40 feet hich
young branches thinner than a goose-quill, the bark yellowish-grey.

518

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 89

Leaves large, rigidly coriaceous, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, shortly and
bluntly acuminate, slightly narrowed at the base; both surfaces, but
especially the upper, dark when dry, the upper shining with the nerves
impressed, the lower somewhat paler, dull and the nerves prominent ;
main-nerves 20 to 25 pairs, slightly curved upwards and interarching
"1 to ‘2 in. from the edge: length 6 to 9 in.; breadth 3 to 3°5 in. ; petiole
‘3 to °35 in. stout. Panicles mostly on long 4-angled striate peduncles,
terminal, shorter than the leaves, crowded in groups of 6 to 8 at the
apices of the twigs ; branches few, a long one often from the very base,
the remaining short (mostly under one inch), all compressed, and each
bearing at its apex a dense capitule of sessile flowers ‘3 or ‘4 in. across.
Calyz ‘15 in. long, campanulate, contracted and ribbed at the base but
not forming a pseudo-stalk; the mouth with 4 broad, rounded, concave
teeth. Fruit (unripe) globular with numerous bold vertical ribs, the
apex crowned by the calyx-lobes.
Perak: Wray 1803; King’s Collector 6114, 8697.

The species nearest to this is LZ. pergamentacea which however has larger leaves,
fewer panicles and considerably larger flowers.

17, Eugenta pachypayia, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLII,
Pt. 2,332. A glabrous tree: the young branches slender, terete, pale-
yellow whendry. Leaves coriaceous, obovate to obovate-oblong, the apex
abruptly and broadly apiculate, the base cuneate; upper surface oliva-
ceous-brown when dry, the lower pale-brown: main-nerves 12 to 15
pairs, slender but distinct on the lower surface, spreading, slightly
curved and interarching about ‘1 in. from the margin, length 3°5 to 5
in.; breadth 2 to 2°25 in.; petiole *2 to 3 in. Flowers ‘3 in. in diam.,
in pedunculate few-flowered corymbose racemes or panicles axillary or
clustered at the apices of the branches, the common peduncles 1 to 1°5
in. long, those of the branchlets (in the panicles) half as long, all
4-angled, the flowers themselves sessile at the apices, the buds globose-
clavate. Calyx in the expanded flower ‘4 in. long, widely funnel-
shaped, suddenly contracted into a cylindric tube, the 4 lobes of the
mouth about ‘2 in. long, broad, rounded. Petals sub-orbicular, larger
than the calyx-lobes, Stamens ‘4 in. long. Fruit unknown. Kurz For.
Fl. Br. Burma I, 490; Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 477.

Matacca: Grifith (K.D.) 2371/1: Maingay C- D.) 742. Distris.—
Burma, Brandis 1337.

A species poorly represented at Kew and Saloutile recognised by its obovate
leaves, pale yellow branches, and few-flowered, pedunculate, corymbose racemes or
panicles. :

18. EuGenta Lerrpocarpa, Wall. Cat. 3618. A glabrous tree, 40
to 50 feet high: young branches greyish, terete, Leaves coriaceous,
519

90 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

ovate-oblong to broadly ovate, rarely obovate-oblong, the apex blunt
with a short abrupt point, or sub-acute, the base slightly cuneate, both
surfaces deep-olivaceous brown the upper somewhat shining, the lower
dull: main-nerves 10 to 12 pairs, rather straight, slightly ascending
and interarching with an intramarginal nerve close to the edge, not
conspicuous on either surface: length 3 to 45 in.; breadth 1°75 to
2°75 in.; petiole 3 to 5 in. Panicles mostly in clusters at the apices of the
branches, pedunculate, or shorter than the leaves; branchlets 4-angled,
spreading, few-flowered, the flowers sessile, or nearly so, clustered at
the apices, ‘25 to 3 in. in diam. Calyx clavate-rotund, about ‘2 in. long
just before expansion, vertically ribbed, tapering to the base; the lobes
4, unequal, less than ‘1 in. long, broad. Petals rotund, larger than the
calyx-lobes. Fruit globular-ovoid crowned by the cupular calyx, verti-
cally ribbed, ‘4 in, in diam. (unripe). Duthie in Hook, fil, Fl. Br. Ind.
II, 466; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2,68. H. grandis,
Wight var. lepidocarpa, For. Fl. Br. Burma I, 490.

Sincapore: Ridley 1643, 4633, 4657, 4972, 6307, 6308, 8408 ;
Wallich 3618; Walker; Hullet; King. Matacca: Griffith 2369, 2376,
2378, 2369, 2416; Maingay 725, 757, 759; Hervey ; Derry. Perak:
Wray 415, 3907, 3914, 3908 ; King’s Collector 10042. Distr1s.— Burma.

A species in many respects resembling E. grandis, Wight, but with smaller
less shining leaves with fewer nerves and broader in proportion to length: shorter
panicles, smaller flowers which moreover are mostly sessile, and smaller, ribbed

fruit.

19. EvGeNIA GARCINIFOLIA, King n. sp. A glabrous tree, 60 to 80
feet high ; young branches slender, compressed, 6-ridged, brown. Leaves
thickly coriaceous, elliptic, or elliptic-oblong, the apex with a short
abrupt point, slightly narrowed to the sub-acute or rounded base, the
edges recurved when dry: both surfaces (when dry) shining, conspi-
cuously reticulate, pale-olivaceous brown, the upper rather the darker,
main-nerves 10 to 12 pairs, rather prominent beneath, interarching
irregularly ‘2 to ‘3 in. from the edge, some of the secondary nerves as
prominent as the main ones; the reticulations minute but distinct ;
length 5 to 10 in.; breadth 2 to 3:5 in.; petiole *2 to’3 in. Panicles
terminal, spreading, 3 or 4 in. across and scarcely as much long, Flowers
probably on thick striate pedicles ‘25 in. long. Calyx narrowly campa-
nulate, °5 in. long, the mouth with 4 unequal, short, rounded teeth.
Petals orbicular. Stamens unknown. Fruit (young) globular-ovoid,
crowned by the 4 triangular calyx-teeth.

Perak : King’s Collector 4541, 6974. Sumatra: Scortechini 365.

A species allied to E. densiflora, Duthie, but with a less dense inflorescence and

larger flower-buds. The leaves of this moreover are larger and thicker, the reticn-
lations more marked and the edges recurved.

520

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 91

20. HuGenta cRenuLATA, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br, Ind. IT, 490,
A glabrous tree: young branches as thick as a goose-quill, terete, brown.
Leaves thickly coriaceous, elliptic or elliptic-rotund, the apex rounded
but with an abrupt short apiculus, the base cuneate; both surfaces
(when dry), shining, the numerous reticulations and nerves distinct,
the intramarginal nerve very close to the thickened and slightly crenate
edge ; under surface rather remotely black-pustulate ; length 4 to 5 in.;
Ecadltts 2°5 to 4in.; petiole ‘3 to 6 in. Panicles terminal, nearly as
long as the leaves ae in bud, (sometimes longer), corymbosely tricho-
tomus, many-flowered ; the peduncle and branches 4-angled, compressed,
the nodes and the insertions of the flowers with minute bracteoles,
Flowers (including the stamens) *4 in. long, sessile. Petals 4, calyptrate.
Calyx ‘2 in. long, campanulate with a truncate mouth, contracted for
half its length into a pseudo-stalk. Fruit unknown.
Matacca: Maingay (K.D.) 739. Sinaarore: Ridley 6232.
Recognisable at once by its crenate leaves; only twice collected and evidently
rare. The Singapore specimen has thinner leaves and more slender longer panicles
but, in other respects, it agrees with the Malacca one.

21. Hocenta cranpis, Wight Ill. I, 17: Ic. t. 535. A glabrous
tree, 30 or 40 feet high: young branches terete, dark-brown. Leaves
thickly coriaceous, ovate-rotund to ovate-elliptic or elliptic-oblong, the
apex rounded with or without an abrupt short blunt point, or sub-
acute or acute, the base always narrowed to the petiole: both surfaces
shining ; and the upper olivaceous, the lower brown when dry: main-
nerves 12 to 14 pairs, curving a iskoapa very slightly and interarching, with
an intermarginal nerve ‘F’ to ‘2 in. from the edge: the secondary nerves
and lax reticulations slender but distinct like the main ones on both
surfaces, length 3:5 to 7 in.; breadth 1°75 to 4in.; petiole -4 to ‘65 in.
Panicles mostly clustered at the apices of the branidtiee: more than
half as long as the leaves, on peduncles ‘6 to 1-25 in. long; the branches
spreading, an inch or more long. Flowers sessile at the ends of the
branches, 35 to ‘45 in. in diam. when expanded; the buds just before
expansion clavate-rotund, ‘5 in. long. Calyx clavate, tapered to the
short pedicel, *35 to ‘5 in. long, smooth, the 4 lobes concave, orbicular,
about ‘2 in. long, two much larger than the others. Pefals of the same
size and shape as the calyx-lobes. Filaments 35 in. long. Ripe fruit
oblong-ovoid, 1°5 in. long, crowned by the cup-shaped calyx-limb,
l-seeded. Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. India I, 475; Kurz in Journ, As.
Soc. Beng. XLVI, (1877), Pt. 2, 67; For. Fl. Brit. Burm. I, 489,
Hi. firma, Wall. Cat. 3603; not of DC, LE. cymosa, Roxb. Hort. Beng.
37; Fl. Ind. II, 492; not of Lam: Jambosa grandis, Blume Mus. Bot. I,
108. J. firma, Blamé Le, J. urceolata, Korth. in Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. jini

3 * 520

92 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Pt. 1,418 in part. Syzygium grande, Walp. Repert. II, 180; not of
Wall. Cat. 3554, 8. firmum, Thwaites Enum. 417. §. montanum,
Thwaites J.c. 116.

Matacca: Griffith (K.D.) 2368, 2369, 2370, 2371; Maingay 730,
723. Singapore: Ridley 4633; Hullet. Lanckawi: Curtis. Penane:
Curtis 7515. Distris.—British India in Burma, Chittagong, Sylhet and
Assam.

A species easily recognised by its thick glossy reticulate leaves, large (mostly)
terminal panicles with large flower-buds and ovoid-cylindric smooth fruit crowned
by the cup-shaped calyx-lobes.

Included under this both by Duthie in the Flora of British India and by Frimen
in his Flora of Ceylon, is a Ceylon plant (Thwaites C.P. 2694 which he named
8. insigne). This plant has quite the leaves of HE. grandis, but the flower buds are
much larger and if flowers and fruit were available it would probably turn out to be
specifically distinct. E. grandis, Wight, is allied closely to E. lepidocarpa, Wall.

22. Hucenta THumra, Roxb. var. peNANGIANA, King. A medium-
sized tree; young branches somewhat thinner than a goose-quill ; the
bark rough, brown. Leaves coriaceous, oblong-elliptic or oblong-lanceo-
late, sub-acute or bluntly and very shortly acuminate, the base cuneate;
both surfaces dull; the upper dark leaden-brown, the nerves and midrib
impressed ; lower surface dark-brown, the nerves and midrib promi-
nent ; main-nerves 15 to 20 pairs, curving upwards, interarching °1 in.
from the edge ; length 4 to 5 in.; breadth 1°8 to 2 in.; petiole ‘3 to ‘5
in. Panicles nearly as long as the leaves, terminal and axillary, pedun-
culate, lax ; the branches numerous, spreading, 4-angled like the pedun-
cle, the smaller compressed. lowers ‘35 in. long (including the
stamens), sessile, white, crowded, 5 or 10 together at the apices of the
ultimate branchlets, clavate in bud. Calyx funnel-shaped, narrowed for
half its length into a ribbed pseudo-stalk, the mouth with 4 broad,
suborbicular lobes. Fruit unknown.

PenaneG: Curtis 2410.

This differs from the typical EZ. Thumra, Roxb., in having narrower leaves with
fewer nerves and rather shorter panicles the branches of which are more acutely
4-angled. Fruit of this is unknown: when found it may yield characters warrant-
ing the separation of this as a distinct species.

23. Eucenta Grirritau, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 481.
A tree, 50 to 80 feet high; young branches thinner than a goose-quill,
their bark brown and rather rough. leaves coriaceous, oblong or
narrowly elliptic, narrowed about equally at base and apex, both
surfaces dark-brown when dry, shining; main-nerves 15 to 20 pairs,
spreading, rather straight, interarching ‘1 in. from the edge, depressed
on the upper and prominent on the lower surface, reticulations small,
indistinct ; length 4°5 to 6 in,; breadth 2 to 2°5 in.; petiole "2 to ‘3 in.

522 '

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. — 93

Panicles small, racemose, in clusters of 6 to 8 at the apices of the
branches, few-flowered, unequal in length but all shorter than the leaves
and on more or less long, compressed, dark-coloured peduncles; the
branches few, unequal in length but all under an inch, compressed ;
flowers in threes, sessile at the apices of the branchlets, the buds
clavate. Calyx campanulate, ‘25 in. long, constricted for more than
half its length into a thick pseudo-stalk: the mouth with 4 broad,
rounded lobes. Petals 4, orbicular not calyptrate. Fruit (unripe)
globular-ovoid, slightly corrugated, crowned by the small circular
remains of the calyx. &

Maracca: Grifith (K.D.) 2375. Prrax: Wray 2713; King’s
Collector 6192. Sincarore: Ridley 4980, 4981, 7951.

24, Hucenta CLarkeANA, King, n. sp. A tree 30 to 50 feet high ;
young branches as stout as a quill, terete, compressed near the nodes,
brown. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-oblong to elliptic, very shortly acumin-
ate, gradually narrowed from about or below the middle to the acute
base; upper surface dark-brown, shiniug, not reticulate, the nerves
faintly impressed ; lower liver-coloured, rather dull, with numerous small
pustules, the 12 to 16 pairs of curved main-nerves slightly prominent,
the intramarginal nerves about *] in. distant from the slightly recurved
edge, reticulations invisible ; length 4:5 to 8 in. ; breadth 1°75 to 3 in. ;
petiole ‘3 to °35 in. Panicles mostly terminal, shorter than the leaves,
pyramidal, with many 4-angled, often compressed branches. Flowers
sessile, in densely crowded capitules at the apices of the branchlets,
about ‘35 in. across when expanded, white. Petals 4 or 5, free, broadly
oblong, not calyptrate. Calyx widely campanulate, nearly ‘2 in. long,
constricted at the base, rugulose ; its mouth with 4 broad, shallow, blunt
lobes. Fruit globular and 1-seeded or depressed-reniform and 2-seeded,
vertically corrugated when young, rugulose when ripe, shining, black,
crowned by the small circular remains of the calyx ; the globular form
‘75 in. or more in diam., the reniform form about 1 in. long and 1°36 in.
broad ; pulp none. - ; .

Perak: Scortechini 205; King’s Collector 3349, 3491, 3573, 6822,
7811.

Allied to E. Grifithii, Duthie, but with a single large terminal panicle instead
of a number of small ones and with smaller flowers.

25. Euaenta corrugata, King n.sp. A tree, 30 to 60 feet high i
young branches terete but compressed at the apices thinner than a
goose-quill, brown. Leaves.as in H. Olarkeana, but the main-nerves
uot depressed on the upper surface. Panicles terminal, short and few-
branched; the branches terete. Flowers not seen. Fruit globular,
much corrugated and vertically ridged, especially towards the base aud

523

94, Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

apex, depressed-globose, the rind ‘25 in. thick, when fully ripe, greenish-
yellow, and 2 to 3 in. in diam.

Perak: King’s Collector 5298, 6987.

26. EvuGENIA PENDENS, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 475.
A small tree with pendent branches: young branches compressed,
slender, brown. Leaves thinly coriaceous, pellucidly dotted, narrowly
oblong-elliptic or elliptic, occasionally somewhat oblanceolate, the apex
shortly and rather abruptly acuminate, the base cuneate; both surfaces
olivaceous when dry: main-nerves 10 to 12 pairs, slender, ascending,
slightly curved, interarching ‘2 in. from the margin, secondary nerves
and reticulations indistinct; length 5 to 7 in.; breadth 1:4 to 3 in.;
petiole °3 to ‘35 in. Panicles terminal, about 2 in. in diam., condensed,
the branchlets about 5-flowered. Flower-buds globose-clavate, °5 in.
long just before expansion. Flowers when expanded nearly ‘5 in.
across. Calyzx-tube narrowly funnel-shaped, jointed to a pedicel shorter
than itself: lobes short, rounded, subequal, reflexed. Petals orbicular,
longer than the calyx-lobes. Stamens *75 in. long. Fruit depressed-
globular, green flushed with red, smooth, crowned by the short reflexed
calyx-lobes, 1 in. in diam.

Matacca: Griffith 2349 ; Maingay 747; Hervey. JOHORE: Ridley
4200. Sincarore: Ridley 8048, 8447. Perak: Scortechini 1809, 2021 ;
Wray 3537. Punang: Ridley 10242. Disrr1s.—Sumatra, Vorbes 1377.

A species allied to #. densiflora, Duthie, but with leaves of thinner texture,
with fewer nerves and no dots. The panicles are also much shorter, fewer-flowered,
and the flowers are smaller, 4;

27. EHuaenta Burxiiuiana, King n. sp. A tree, 40 to 60 feet high :
young branches thinner than a goose-quill, brown. Leaves coriaceous,
oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, the base cuneate; both surfaces
(when dry) shining, pale brownish-green, the upper pitted, the lower
with black dots, the edges slightly recurved; main-nerves 10 to 14
pairs, ascending and forming wide arches ‘1 to ‘15 in. from the edge,
between which and the actual edge is a second intramarginal nerve,
the secondary nerves and connecting reticulations almost as prominent,
all thin and equally visible on both surfaces, all raised: length 2°25
to 3°5 in, ; breadth *9 to 1:25 in.; petiole '35 to ‘5 in. Panicles terminal,
sessile, many-flowered, broader than long, much branched, their tops
broadly pyramidal, usually somewhat shorter than the leaves: branches
thick, striate, 4-angled, slightly compressed. Flowers ‘7 in. long includ-
ing the stamens, reddish before expansion, afterwards white, sessile, in’
threes at the ends of the branchlets, clavate in bud. Calyx ‘35 to ‘4 in,
long, striate, funnel-shaped, its lower half gradually narrowed into a

O24

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 95

pseudo-stalk: the mouth with 4 broad, rounded, shallow lobes. Petals
orbicular, not calyptrate. Fruit unknown.
Perak: Wray 2785, 3070; King’s Collector 4719, 6186.

A species near LF, oblongifolia, Duthie, but differing in its leaves, which are of
the same colour on each surface and have more distinct nerves and reticulations
equally visible on both surfaces. The mouth of the calyx too is different, being
deeply 4-lobed.

* 28. EvernrA Hetrert, Duthie in Hook fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 480.
A considerable tree: young branches indistinctly 4-angled, as thick as
a crow-quill, with pale-brown deciduous bark. Leaves narrowly elliptic,
tapered to each end, the apex obtusely and shortly acuminate, the base
cuneate; both surfaces finely reticulate, pale olivaceous-green, the
upper the darker: main-nerves about 12 pairs, faint, interarching close
to the edge: the secondary nerves very faint; length 2°5 to 3°25 in.;
breadth 1 to 1:25 in.; petiole ‘2 in. Panicles terminal, solitary, spread-
ing, about half as long or sometimes quite as long as the leaves, the
branchlets spreading, their bark exfoliating. Flowers in threes at the
ends of the branchlets, about ‘5 in. across; buds clavate. Calyz-tube
funnel-shaped, ‘2 in. long, attenuated at the base to a pedicel ‘2 in. long,
the 4 lobes of the mouth unequal, short, broad, rounded. Petals broadly.
orbicular, much longer than the calyx-lobes and half as long as the
stamens, bearing large pellucid glands on the exterior like the calyx-
tube. Fruit unknown.

Penance: Curtis 212. Srncapore: Lobb. Prrak: King’s Collector
4181, Disrris.—Burma (Tenasserim) Helfer 2418.

Closely allied to ZH. ramosissima, Wall., but with smaller flowers.

29. Hucenta Kurz, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 478,
VAR. ANDAMANICA, King. A tree: young branches as thick as a crow-
quill, terete, the bark very pale. Leaves thickly membranous, oblong-
elliptic, the base cuneate, the apex shortly caudate-acuminate; upper
surface pale-olivaceous brown when dry, shining, remotely pitted, the
main-nerves faint: lower surface paler brown, not olivaceous, the 10 or
12 pairs of main-nerves rather bold, arching upwards and interarching
‘15 to ‘2 in. from the edge; length 4°5 to 6 in. ; breadth 1:85 to 2°25 in.;
petioles ‘3 to 4 in. Panicles from the axils of the upper leaves, or
terminal, shorter than the leaves, often broader than long, spread-
ing, many-flowered; the branches 4-angled, pale. Flowers mostly in
threes at the ends of the branchlets, ‘6 in. long (including the stamens),
Calyx ‘15 in, long; widely campanulate, narrowed into a thick pseudo-
stalk as long as itself; the mouth wide, with 4 broad, rounded, reflexed
teeth. Petals 4, free, sub-orbicular, reflexed. Stamens four times ag
long as the calyx. Fruit unknown.

525

96 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

AnpaAMAN Istanps, at Hobdaypore; King’s Collector.

This differs from typical HZ. Kurzii in having narrower more acuminate leaves
and longer stamens. The young branches moreover have paler bark. Fruit is as
yet unknown, but when found it may afford characters to warrant specific rank for this,

30. EvuGENIA ANISOSEPALA, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 481.
A large tree: young branches terete, thinner than a goose-quill, brown,
smooth. eaves coriaceous, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, shortly acuminate,
the base cuneate, both surfaces (when dry) dark-brown, the upper
shining and with the nerves rather faint ; the lower paler brown, the
12 to 14 pairs of curved main-nerves rather distinct, interarching °1 in.
from the edge, the secondary nerves somewhat distinct; length
2:5 to 3:5 in.; breadth 1 to 1:75 in.; petiole ‘2 to ‘25 in. Panicles
terminal, corymbose, usually shorter than the leaves, the branches
numerous, spreading, rather crowded, 4-angled, the peduncle compressed.
Flowers ‘5 in. long (including the stamens), sessile, clavate in bud, in
threes at the apices of the branchlets. Calyx ‘3 in. long, campanulate-
infundibuliform, its lower half contracted into a pseudo-stalk ; the limb
with 4 unequal, broad, rounded lobes (two being larger and sub-petaloid).
Petals 4; not calyptrate. Fruit unknown. JE. anisosepala, Duthie in
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 481 in part.

Matacca: Griffith (K.D.) 2380, 2381. Maingay (K.D.) 754, 753
(in part). Manacca: Derry 289.

Mr. Duthie remarks that the Griffithian specimens above quoted differ some-
what from those of Maingay inasmuch as they have smaller flowers. With these
Mr. Derry’s single specimen agrees. Maingay’s Specimens have a much larger more
spreading panicle, with smaller flowers, The material is very poor and I think it is
likely that, when more is forthcoming, it will be found that two species are mixed .
under the name E. anisosepala, Duthie.

31. Evcenta Gageana, King n. sp. A tree, 40 to 50 feet high:
young branches thinner than a goose-qnill, terete, compressed at the
nodes, brown (when dry). Leaves thickly coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate,
bluntly acuminate, the base cuneate; upper surface dull-brown, the
midrib thin and depressed, the main-nerves faint: lower surface paler
brown, the midrib thick and the, reticulations and secondary nerves
numerous and distinct; the main-nerves 12 to 18 pairs, curving np-
wards and interarching ‘] in. from the edge: length 5 or 6 in. ; breadth
1:5 to 2°25 in.; petiole 25 to °3 in. Panicles terminal, about half as
long as the leaves, sessile, corymbose, many-flowered, branching from
the base; branches stout, spreading, obtusely 4-angled. Flowers sessile,
in threes at the apices of the branchlets, globose-clavate in bud. Calyx
narrowly campanulate, rather abruptly narrowed into a pseudo-stalk
about ‘05 in. in length. Fruct unknown. |

Perak: King’s Collector 7563.

526

S Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 97

32. Evucenta Houuietiana, King n. sp. A tree, 20 to 25 feet high;
young branches thicker than a crow-quill, terete, brown. Leaves thinly
coriaceous, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, with an abrupt, broad, short, apical
acumen, the base cuneate, the edge slightly recurved; upper surface
somewhat shining, dull-olivaceous ; the lower tinged with brown; main-
nerves numerous, about ‘1 in. apart, rather straight, curving upwards
at the ends only and there interarching less than -05 in. from the edge,
faint on the upper surface and only slightly conspicuous on the lower,
the midrib depressed on the upper surface convex on the lower : reti-
culations almost invisible on the upper, not prominent on the lower
surface; length 3°25 to 45 in. ; breadth 15 to 2 in.; petiole ‘3 to
‘4in. Panicles axillary and Cg. as long or nearly as long as the
leaves, rather lax, pedunculate; the branches few, spreading, 4-angled,
compressed, Flowers pale- -green, (the stamens white), in groups of
three, sessile at the ends of the branches, about ‘5 or ‘6 in. long
(including the stamens), clavate in bud. Calyx about ‘25in. long,
funuel-shaped, the lower two-thirds cylindric and vertically ribbed;
the mouth wide, divided into four broad, rounded lobes. Petals 4 sub-
orbicular, reflexed, free. Fruit unknown.

Perak : King’s Collector 7470. Distr1s.—Sumatra, Ridley 8973.

A species resembling in many respects EZ. glauca, King, but with larger flowers
and differently veined leaves,

33. HuGentA CcHLORANTHA, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. 11, 487.
A small glabrous tree: young branches thin, dark-brown, sub-terete.
Leaves coriaceous, elliptic or ovate-elliptic, the apex shortly and abruptly
acuminate, the base cuneate, both surfaces olivaceous-green when
dry : main-nerves numerous, interarching less than ‘1 in. from the edge,
thin but distinct, the secoudary nerves and reticulations also
distinct : length 45 to 6 in.; breadth 2 to3 in.; petiole ‘3 to ‘35 in.
Panicles much shorter than the leaves, axillary and terminal, diva-
ricate, many-flowered, condensed, trichotomous, the branchlets com-
pressed, 4-angled, short. Flowers -3 in. iu diam. (excluding the sta-
mens), sessile, clavate. Calyx 35 in, long, coutracted into a thick, ridged
pseudo-stalk for more than half its length, the mouth with 4 short
thick, broad, rounded, spreading or reflexed lobes. Petals orbicular,
greenish, not calyptrate. Fruit sub-globular, smooth, crowned by the
prominent reflexed or spreading calyx-teeth, °3 to *4 in. in diam.

Matacea : Griffith (K. D.) 2385 ; Maingay (K.D.) 733. Stneapore -
Ridley 445, 3910, 5823, 9220. aS Ridley 1096. Prnane: Curtis _
180, 1448; Ridley 7957, 7952, 10190. Jonore: Ridley 9181. Prrax:
King’s Galloaien 1277, 4082, 4220, 4076, 6765, 5619, 7511, 8535. Disraig |
—Sumatra, Forbes 3098.

527

98 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Although the petals of this are greenish, the stamens are of a brilliant red
colour and as these are more permanent than the petals the specific name is some-
what misleading. There are however some specimens in which the petals are
distinctly stated by the collector to be red.

In the Herbarium the species is readily recognised by the large persistent
spreading calyx-lobes which crown the fruit and by the greenish colour of the
leaves.

34, EUGENIA PENANGIANA, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 486.
A slender glabrous tree, 40 to 80 feet high: young branches sub-terete,
ribbed, those of the inflorescence 4-angled, all pale when dry. Leaves
coriaceous, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate rarely oblanceolate, obtusely
acuminate, the base cuneate; both surfaces yellowish when dry, the
lower slightly paler ; nerves numerous spreading not prominent on either
surface; length 2 to 3 in. rarely 4 in.; breadth °75 to 1°75 in.; petiole
‘lto‘l5in. Panicles mostly terminal, but a few axillary, 1 to 3 in.
long, on slender peduncles, the branchlets numerous divaricate, each
bearing at its apex 3 to 5 sessile, white, clavate flowers ‘5 or ‘6 in. long.
Calyx about ‘4 in. long (longer in fruit), funnel-shaped, abruptly taper-
ing to the base, ribbed (when dry), the limb with 4 or 5 short often
obscure teeth. Petals orbicular, equal in number to the calyx-lobes, free.
Stamens short. Fruit elongate, gradually tapered to the base from the
truncate apex, crowned by the cupular, entire calyx-limb, ‘5 or ‘6 in.
long.

Penane: Maingay (K.D.) 744; Curtis 193, 2790, 2972. Perak:
Scortechini 132, 184, 1368, 3410, 5651, 6965; Wray 3066. Matacca:
Derry 1177. x

It is possible that two species may be covered by the preceding description as
some of the specimens have smaller thinner leaves and flowers with more constricted
pseudo-stalks than the type specimen (Maingay 744) on which Mr. Duthie founded
the species.

35. Evcenia Rivveyi, King n, sp. A tree; young branches
thinner than a goose-quill, terete, the bark brown, rather rough. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, oblong- or ovate-lanceolate, acute, or acuminate, the
base cuneate; both surfaces rather dull when dry, the upper dark
olivaceous brown, the nerves impressed; the lower pale warm brown,
the midrib and uerves very prominent; main-nerves 7 to 10 pairs,
curving upwards and interarching far from the edge, the secondary
nerves prominent but the reticulations obscure; length 3°5 to 45 in.;
breadth 1°25 to 2 in.; petiole 4 to 5 in. Pamnicles axillary and terminal,
half as long as the leaves, the terminal sometimes as long, broad, the
branches few and spreading horizontally, compressed especially at the
nodes, Flowers 3 in. long (including the stamens), green, sessile, the
buds clavate; calyx *2 in. long, campanulate above, abruptly narrowed

428

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. _ “99

for half its length into a minutely granular pseudo-stalk; the mouth
with 4 large, rounded lobes. Petals not calyptrate, three times as lone
as the calyx-lobes, ovate-rotund and like the latter moneTet in flower.
Fruit unknown.

SincaporE: (in the “ garden jungle”), Ridley 3706, 6416, 6419,
5728, 6233. Penane: Curtis 3010.

Notable for its green flowers.

36. HuGenta pyrirouiA, Duthie in Hook. fil, Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 487.
A tree 20 to 40 feet high; young branches thicker than a crow-quill,
pale, terete (the very youngest 4-angled), brownish-white. Leaves
coriaceous, elliptic-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, occasionally obovate-
elliptic, shortly and rather bluntly cttspidate, or cordate-acuminate, the
base cuneate; upper surface (when dry) dark olivaceous-brown, shining,
the main and secondary nerves and also the midrib depressed, the
latter prominent, the former faint; lower surface paler and duller than
the upper and the nerves and reticulations rather more prominent, the
midrib bold and convex, the former faint; lower surface paler and
duller than the upper ; length 2°5 to 4in.; breadth 1 to 1°75 in.; petiole
25 to ‘35 in. Panicles axillary and terminal, shorter or longer than the
leaves, laxly branched, corymbose or pyramidal, many-flowered, the
branches spreading, slender, acutely 4-angled, bracteoles at the bases
of the branches and at the bases of the flowers minute, subulate,
deciduous. Flowers white, ‘4 in. long (including the calyx), clavate in
bud, sessile in groups of two, three or more at the ends of the branch-
lets; calyx slightly over ‘2 in. in length, funnel-shaped, vertically
striate, the mouth with 4 broad, shallow, rounded teeth. Petals reni-
form-orbicular or orbicular, dotted outside, free. Fruit depressed-
globular, crowned by the narrow tubular remains of the calyx, not
pulpy, ‘75 in. in diam. when ripe. EH. tumida, Duthie l.c. 487. Syzygium
pyrifolium, Wall. Cat. 3584; DC. Prodr. III, 261 (Syzyg.) ; Korth. in
Ned. Kruidk. I, 204; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 457. Calyptranthes
pyrifolia, Blume Buds. 1099.

In all the provinces except the Andaman and Nicobar Islands :
common.

37. Evaenta cingata, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 487.
A tree 30 to 60 feet high; young branches thicker than a crow-quill,
terete, their bark pale-brown. Leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate
or narrowly elliptic, rather abruptly and shortly acuminate, the base
cuneate; upper surface (when dry) olivaceous-brown, shining, some-
times minutely pitted; the nerves numerous, indistinct, the midrib
depressed; lower pale-brown, not olivaceous, the main-nerves more
distinct than on the upper, close together, the neighbouring ones

529

\

100 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

connected throughout their whole length by curving loops; length
2:75 to ‘4 in.; breadth 1'1 to 1°75 in.; petioles ‘25 to 35 in. Panicles
terminal and from the upper leaf-axils, shortly pedunculate, lax, longer
than the leaves; branches numerous divaricate, 4-angled, the younger
also compressed. Flowers ‘4 or ‘5 in. long (including the stamens),
sessile in twos or threes at the apices of the branchlets, the buds clavate.
Calyx narrowly funnel-shaped, gradually tapering to the base, striate ;
the mouth with 4 rather deep, broad, rounded, concave lobes. Petals 4,
orbicular, reflexed. Fruit ovoid, crowned by the thick, short, wide,
4-toothed calyx, black and shining when ripe, one-seeded, not pulpy,
-3 in. long and ‘2 in. in diam. H. corymbosa, Wall. Cat. 3566 F. Jambosa
lineata, DC. Prod. III, 287; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1, Pt.1,428. Clavimyrtus
lineatus, Blume Mus. Bot. I, 116. Myrtus lineata, Blume Bijdr. 1087.

In all the provinces except the Nicobar and Andaman Islands:
common. Distrip.—The Malayan Archipelago.

A widely distributed species and varying as to size of leaf and also of flower- bud.
In some specimens some of the nerves are of a dark colour on the lower surface.
This is often confused with E. rubricunlis, Miq., which is itself a somewhat donbtful
Species.

38. Evoenia cymosa, Lamk, Dict. ITI, 109 (not of Roxb.). A shrub
or small tree; young branches as thick as a crow-quill, terete, pale.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate, ovate-lanceolate, (narrowly oblong-
lanceolate in VAR. concinna), caudate-acuminate, the base cuneate; both
surfaces when dry brown, the upper tinged with olivaceous, the numer-
ous nerves and reticulations distinct on the lower less so on the upper ;
length 2 to 3 in.; breadth 1 to 1°5 in.; petiole 15 to ‘3 in. Panicles
numerous, axillary and terminal, an ‘néh or two in length, the terminal
twice as long, lax, the branches few, spreading, slender, compressed, with
3 or 4 flowers at their apices, Flowers sessile, white, *35 in. long (includ-
ing the stamens), Calyx campanulate, abruptly contracted into a pseudo-
stalk, the mouth with 4 small triangular lobes. Petals 4, orbicular,
free. Fruit almost globular, the size of a pea, blueish-black, pulpy, 1-
or 2-seeded, (if 2-seeded transversely oblong in shape). Wight Ill. II,
17; Ic. t. 555; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2, 67; For.
Fl. I, 486. Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind, II, 482. Syz. caudatum,
Wall. Cat. 3591. 8S. viminewm, Wall. Cat. 3533 ?. 8. concinnuwm, Wall.
Cat. 3582. SS. nelitricarpum, T. & B. in. Nat. Tidsch. Ned, Ind. XXV.
S. cymosum, DC. Prodr. III, 259; Korth. in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. I,

902 ?. E. nigrescens, Poir. Suppl. III, 123?. H. rhodomelea, Commers. f

in DC. Prodr, lc. Jambosa tenuicuspis, Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. ‘J, ay
Myrtus cymosa, Spreng.; Blume Bijdr. 1086.
In all the provinces. Dusts18.— Burma, Sylhet and A cetall Sate :
530

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 101

VAR, concinna (sp. Wall.); leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate,
caudate-acuminate.

Perak: King’s Collector 10521. Distrrs.—Burma, Wallich 3582.

39. HucEnta conetomeRata, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br, Ind. IT,
497. A large tree; young branches thinner than a goose-quill, ob-
scurely 4-angled, blackish-brown, smooth : the older terete, grey, striate.
Teaves coriaceous, oblanceolate, sub-acute or blunt, much tapered to
the base: upper surface (when dry) blackish-brown, shining; the
lower liver-coloured, somewhat dull, minutely black-dotted; main-
nerves 18 to 20 pairs, spreading, curved, faint, more distinct on the
upper than on the under surface, the midrib stout on the lower surface,
the edges slightly recurved; length 3 to 4°5 in.; breadth ‘8 to 1:75 in.;
petiole ‘2 to ‘35 in. Inflorescences generally 2 or 3:together from small
tubercles on the naked branches below the leaves, consisting usually of
few-flowered capitula on short peduncles from ‘25 to ‘5 in. long, or
of solitary flowers from the bases of the peduncles. Flowers small,
sub-globular or campanulate, only about ‘] or ‘15 in. long, sessile,
Calyx widely campanulate; the limb with 4 rounded lobes. Petals
4, free. Fruzt pisiform, smooth, crowned by the 4 calyx-lobes and also
by the stamens, red, smooth.

Matacca: Maingay (K.D.) 745. Singapore: (near the Botanic
Garden), Ridley 5073.

40. EuGcenta urczoLata, King. A tree, 30 to 60 feet high: young
branches rather thinner than a goose-quill, 4-angled, with pale brownish-
yellow, striate bark. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, elliptic, or
obovate-elliptic, shortly and bluntly acuminate, the base cuneate ; upper
surface (when dry) dark-brown, shining, pellucid-dotted; the lower
warm-brown, with black dots: main-nerves 12 to 18 pairs, curving
upwards and interarching ‘] in. or more from the edge; length 5 to 7
n.; breadth 2 to 3:25 in.; petioles ‘25 in. long. Flowers from small
axillary tubercles, solitary, fasciculate or in small panicles, (often
several from one axil), much shorter than the leaves and with a few
(usually about 3) very short, slender, spreading, 4-angled branches
powdered with ferrugineous scurf. Flowers about ‘35 in. across (includ-
ing the stamens). Calyx an open, rotate cup on a short, thin stalk, the
margin divided into 4 broad, sub-orbicular, blunt, spreading, concave
lobes. Petals 4, orbicular, free, spreading. Fruit turbinate, about ‘5
in. in diam., crowned by the short calyx-limb. Jambosa wurceolata,
Korth. in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. I, (1847), 202; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I,
Pt. 1, 418 (excluding all the synonyms).

Perak: Wray 2423, 2609, 2928, 3134, 3248; King’s Collector 1908,
2317, 713, 3345, 4262, 6665, 6682, 6600, 10677, 10780. ‘SELancor:

531

102 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
Ridley 7335. Stncapore: Ridley 256, 4975. Matacca: Ridley. Disrrts.

—Sumatra.
The rotate 4-lobed calyx distinguishes this species.

41. HuGenta cuauca, King n. sp. A tree, 40 to 50 feet high;
young branches somewhat thicker than a crow-quill, terete; the bark
pale-brown and flaky. Leaves coriaceous, oblong- or ovate-lanceolate,
often obovate-lanceolate, sub-acute or blunt and with a short blunt point ;
upper surface (when dry) olivaceous-brown and shining, the lower
glaucous (not glaucous in vaR.); the numerous nerves and reticulations
very distinct on both surfaces, edge slightly recurved, (not recurved in
var.) the intramarginal nerve very close to it; length 2:25 to 4 in.;
breadth 1 to 2 in.; petiole 25 to ‘3 in. Flowers few, sessile, ‘3 in. long
(including the stamens) and as much wide, in racemes or small, few-
branched, axillary or terminal panicles 3 or 4 inches long (often several
together), with compressed, 4-angled rachises. Calyz-limb, a wide
shallow cup with 4 broad, shallow, deciduous lobes, afterwards truncate-
erose, below narrowed into a thin pseudo-stalk. Petals 4, orbicular,
clawed, free, reflexed. Fruit unknown.

Penang: Curtis 1152, 2228. Perak: Ridley 3086. Matacca:
Derry 1184.

Distinguished by its much reticulate leaves glaucous beneath and its few-
flowered inflorescence.

VAR. pseudo-glauca, King; like the type but with thinner narrower
and more acute leaves with no tendency- to be obovate, not glaucous
beneath and the edges not recurved.

Perak: Ridley 3108, 8386. The Dindings; Curtis 3440.

42. Hvuacenia susrura, King n. sp. <A tree, 20 to 30 feet high:
young branches half as thick as a goose-quill, terete, grey or pale-brown
after the defoliation of the thin, flaky, brown bark. Leaves thickly
coriaceous, narrowly elliptic or elliptic-ovate, shortly acuminate, the
base cuneate; upper surface (when dry) pale olivaceous-brown slightly
shining, the midrib, nerves and reticulations depressed ; lower reddish,
dull, the midrib and nerves prominent: main-nerves about 8 pairs,

curving upwards, interarching at less than ‘1 in. from the edge to form

a somewhat faint intramarginal line, the edges recurved; length
3°5 to 5 in.; breadth 1:5 to 2 in.; petiole 3 to -4in. Panicles terminal
and axillary, pedunculate, the few branches very short and crowded at
the apex of the peduncle; both peduncle and branches 4-angled.
Flowers ‘5 in. long (including the stamens), sessile, in threes at the
apices of the very short (‘1 in. long) branches, clavate-obovoid in bud.
Calyx campanulate, funnel-shaped, reduced for a third of its length to a

532

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 103

stout, wrinkled pseudo-stalk: the mouth undulate and with 4 broad
shallow deciduous teeth.. Fruit ovoid, smooth, crowned by the wide
circular remains of the calyx, ‘4 in. long (unripe) and ‘35 in. in diam.

Singapore: Ridley 4588, Penana: Curtis 194.

VAR. robusta, King; leaves larger (3°5 to 5'5 long and 1°5 to 2:2 in.
broad) than in the typical form, and young branches thicker. Panicles
several, terminal, 2 to 2'5 in. long; the branches more numerous than
in the type form and not crowded at the apex, the lower as. much as
4 in. long.

Penane: Curtis 194, 1448, 3275.

A very rare but distinct species readily recognised by its short panicles, com-
paratively large flowers, and by the boldness of the midrib and of the few nerves on
the under surface of the leaves which when dry are of a conspicuous terra-cotta
colour.

43. Eucenta Duraisana, King n. sp. A tree, 40 to 70 feet high
young branches thicker than a crow-quill, the bark brown, rather rough.
Leaves coriaceous, elliptic, ovate-elliptic or lanceolate-elliptic, shortly
acuminate, the base cuneate ; both surfaces brown when dry and rather
dull, the lower slightly the paler; main-nerves 4 to 8 pairs, curved,
ascending, interarching far from the edge (about ‘15 in.), impressed
on the upper, faintly prominent on the lower surface ; the secondary
nerves almost as prominent as the main ones; the reticulations indis-
tinct on the lower, invisible on the upper surface ; length 3 to 5 in. ;
breadth 1:25 to 2:25 in.; petiole *15 to ‘2 in. Racemes slender, 1 to 2
inches long, slender, solitary, clustered, terminal or axillary, the rachis
dark, 4-angled. Flowers few, sessile, clavate in bud, sometimes clus-
tered at the apex of the rachis. Calyx ‘2 in, long, funnel-shaped, half
of it contracted into a pseudo-stalk, the mouth wide and with 4 broad,
rounded teeth. Petals reflexed, orbicular, white. Fruit clavate when
young, becoming almost globular when ripe, rugulose, crowned by the
wide circular remains of the calyx, ‘75 in. long and ‘65 in. in diam.

Prrak: King’s Collector 3966, 4218, 6268; Scortechint. Maracca
Derry 256. Penang: Curtis 653. Sincapore: Ridley 3864, 4982, 8400.

A species resembling EH. minutiflora, Miq., but with larger flowers and more

numerously nerved leaves. It is named after Mr. J. F. Duthie, F.L.S., who
elaborated the Myrtacexe for Hooker’s Flora of British India.

44. Evoaenta potyantHa, Wight Ill. 17; Icones 543. A tall, slender
tree; young branches rather thicker than a crow-quill, brown. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, sometimes oblong-
oblanceolate, shortly and bluntly acuminate, the base cuneate: upper
surface (when dry) dark-brown, shining, the nerves scarcely visible ;
lower paler brown, dull, with numerous minute black dots; main-nerves

533

104 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Penwsula.

8 to 10 pairs, spreading, slightly curved upwards at the ends and inter-
arching less than ‘1 in. from the edge, slightly prominent on the lower
surface: length 3 to 45 in.; breadth 1 to1‘5 in.; petiole ‘2 to ‘3 in.
Panicles numerous, from the young branches below the leaves, or rarely
axillary, 1 to 15 in. long; the rachis and short divaricate branches
slender, compressed, 4-angled. Flowers at the ends of the branchlets,
usually in threes, white, sessile. Petals 4, orbicular, free. Calyx a
little more than ‘1 in. long, campanulate, constricted for one-third of
its length into a pseudo-stalk, rugulose, shining: the mouth with 4 deep,
rounded lobes. Fruit much depressed-globular if one-seeded, broader
than long if two-seeded, always much depressed and crowned by the
circular remains of the calyx, black, hard, without pulp, 15 in. long and
of the same width if globular, and more than twice as broad if
2-seeded. Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 496. JH. nitida, Duthie
Lc. EH. Iucidula, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 444. ? Myrtus cymosa, Bl.
Bijdr. 1086.

In all the provinces, except the Nicobars and Andamans: common.
Distris.— Malay Archipelago, Burma.

45. Eucenia Manu, King n. sp. A tree, 20 to 30 feet high: young
branches about as thick as a crow-quill, pale-brown, terete. Leaves
membranous, elliptic to ovate-elliptic, the apex acuminate, the base
cuneate ; both surfaces brown when dry, the lower much paler than the
upper and with numerous small black dots; main-nerves 5 or 6 pairs,
curved, ascending, interarching ‘1 to °l15 in. from the edge; reticula-
tions large, indistinct on the lower and invisible on the upper surface ;
length 3°5 to 45 in.; breadth 1°5 to 2 in.; petiole *2to‘4in, Panicles
mostly shorter than the leaves, crowded, from the axils of leaves and of
fallen leaves, usually shorter than the leaves, the branches few and
slender (one often from the very base), compressed. Flowers clustered
at the apices of the filiform branchlets, often numerous and crowded,
sometimes few, whitish-red in colour, globular in bud. Calyx ‘15 in.
long, campanulate, abruptly contracted into a short pseudo-stalk; the
mouth with 4 deep, ovate-rotund lobes. Petals 4, rotund, slightly longer
than the calyx-lobes, free, not calyptrate. Fruit depressed-globular,
minutely rugulose, crowned by the small circular remains of the calyx,
4 in. broad and slightly less from base to apex.

Anpaman Istanps: King’s Collectors. :

Named in honour of Mr. E. H. Man, C.1.E., Deputy Commissioner of the K
Andamans, who has for years given most cordial help in the botanical exploration of
the Andaman and Nicobar groups. A species related to E. polyantha, Wight, but

with larger fewer-nerved leaves, and rather longer flowersand fruit, Also near
E. operculata, Roxb,

534

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 105

46. Hucenta caupata, King. A glabrous bush or small tree;
young branches very slender, sub-terete, the bark pale-grey or brown.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, caudate-acumin-
ate, the base cuneate; both surfaces pale-brown when dry, the lower
palest; nerves numerous, spreading, scarcely visible; length 1°75 to ‘3 in.;
breadth *75 to l‘lin.; petiole:15 to'3 in. Racemes on slender peduncles,
axillary or terminal, shorter than the leaves, laxly 3- to 5-flowered.
Flowers ‘25 in. across, on slender pedicels ‘1 to ‘2 in. long, (longer in
frnit). Calyx *2 in. long, campanulate, contracted at the very base
into a very short pseudo-stalk (less than a quarter of its length), the
mouth with 4 short, broad, blunt, deciduous teeth. Petals orbicular,
about twice as long as the short stamens, deciduous. Fruit at first
ovoid, afterwards nearly globular, ‘5 in. long, smooth, crowned by the
cupular, short, 4-toothed calyx-limb. Myrtus caudata, Wall. Cat. 3651.

Stncarore: Wallich. Prenane: Ourtis 654. Perak: Curtis 2007;
Scortechini 392, 444; King’s Collector 3654, 4241, 6262; Wray 472,
1176, 1574, 2824, 3208, 5341.

A species rather easily recognised by its small caudate-acuminate, lanceolate,
indistinctly-nerved leaves and few-flowered, lax racemes. Wallich also issued under
his No. 3591 a plant to which he gave the name Syzygium caudatum. It differs
much from this and is in fact Eugenia cymosa, Lamk.

A7. HuGenta FILirormis, Wall. Cat 3578. A glabrous tree, 30 to
50 feet high, with slender drooping branches: young branches very
slender, terete, dark-coloured. Leaves coriaceous, small, pellucid-dotted,
lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, shortly caudate-acuminate, tle base
cuneate: both surfaces greenish-brown when dry : the nerves numerous,
a few slightly conspicuous, the others very faint; length 1°75 to 3 in.;
breadth -75 to 1:2 in.; petiole -15 to ‘2 in, slender. Racemes slender,
very lax, few-flowered, axillary and terminal, as long as or longer than
the leaves. Flowers ‘75 in: long including the stamens, inserted on the
slender rachis by filiform pedicels *75 to 1:25 in. in length. Calyx
funnel-shaped, attenuated for half its length into a slender pseudo-
stalk; the limb with 4 broad, blunt, reflexed lobes nearly ‘1 in. long.
Petals orbicular-reniform, reflexed, *25 in. long. Ripe fruit elliptic-
ovoid to sub-globular, smooth, °75 in. long, crowned by the calyx-lobes.
Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. Il. 478. Syzygium filiforme and
S. cupillare, Wall. Cat. 3580 and 3578. Clavimyrtus virens, Blume Mus.
Bot. Lugd. Bat. I, 114.

Sincarore: Wallich; Hullett; Ridley 4569. Penana: Wallich ;
Curtis 1090, 1443. Manacca: Grifith (K.D.) 2389; Maingay (K.D.)
721; Derry 451,471. Perak: King’s Collector 2321, 5601, 5861, 5925,

6708; Wray 1192, 3262; Ridley 9640. |

535

106 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

48. EucentA anpamMAnicA, King n. sp. A small glabrous tree:
young branches slender, with greyish-brown rather rough bark. Leaves
coriaceous, rotund-ovate to rotund, with a very short abrupt blunt
apiculus, obscurely crenate near the apex, abruptly tapered to the base ;
nerves numerous invisible on the upper shining surface and faint on
the dull lower surface, curving upward, interarching close to the margin ;
length 1:5 to 2°5 in.; breadth I to 2 in.; petiole ‘3 or “4 in. Panicles often’
as long as the leaves, crowded, pedunculate, axillary and terminal, the
branchlets usually trichotomous, 4-angled, bearing 3 or 4 sessile flowers
at their apices, Flowers about ‘5 in. long, clavate, the calyx contracted —
into a pseudo-stalk more than half of its length, the mouth with 4 erect,
equal, triangular, acute teeth. Petals 4, orbicular, calyptrate. Fruzt
unknown.

AnpamaNn Istanps: King’s Collector.

49, Eugenta Hoszana, King n.sp. A glabrous tree, 30 to 40 feet high:
young branches thinner than a goose-quill, pale greyish-yellow, terete,
the very youngest quadrangular. Jeaves coriaceous, elliptic to elliptic-
oblong, abruptly and shortly caudate-acuminate, the base cuneate ;
upper surface dark-brown leaden and shining when dry, the lower pale-
brown and dull; main-nerves 15 to 20 pairs ascending very little,
almost straight, interarching ‘1 in. from the edge; length 45 to 7 in. ;
breadth 1°75 to 2'5 in.; petiole ‘15 to °3 in. Racemes axillary and
terminal, solitary, not more than 1 in. long, the rachis with 2 deep
grooves. Flowers white, ‘35 in. long, exclusive of the stamens, sessile,
enveloped in several sub-ovate leathery bracts as long as themselves.
Calyx-tube widely campanulate, contracted slightly at the base but not
into a pseudo-stalk ; its texture very leathery ; its mouth with 4 blunt,
obtuse lobes. Petals orbicular. Fruié unknown.

Perak: Scortechint 163; Wray 2952 ; King’s Collector 3407.

50. Evueenta Bensamina, King n. sp, A glabrous shrub or small
tree : young branches thin, terete, pale-brown. Leaves thinly coriaceous,
conspicuously pellucid-dotted on both surfaces, narrowly elliptic, some-
times oblanceolate-elliptic, with an abrupt, narrow, short apiculus half
an inch or more in length, the base cuneate : both surfaces pale yellowish-
or greenish-brown when dry ; the nerves very numerous, distinct like
the reticulations, interarching near the margin; length 2°5 to 3 in.;
breadth 1 to 1°5 in. ; petiole ‘15 in. slender. Rucemes axillary or termi-
nal, shorter than the leaves, few-flowered. Flowers ‘5 to °6 in. long,
(including the stamens), sessile on short stout pedicels. Calye clavate,
the mouth with 4 broad, blunt lobes. Petals orbicular, with thin edges.
Fruit when young covered with large convex pellucid glands, crowned
by the deeply 4-lobed calyx-limb ; when ripe depressed-globular, the
calyx-limb reduced to a ring, J in. long and 1 to 1°4 in, broad.

506 |

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 107

Perak: Wray 2623, 2797, 3204; King’s Collector 73(6. abe —
Sumatra, Forbes 2046.

Named from the resemblance of its leaves to those of Ficus Benjamina, Linn.
The Perak specimens have no ripe fruit on them and the description of it above
given is taken from Forbes’s Sumatra specimens which agree in leaf absolutely with
those collected in Perak. _

51. Eugenta varroLosa, King n. sp. A glabrous shrub, 12 to 20
feet high: young branches slender, 4-angled, pale-brown, profusely
dotted, like the leaves on both surfaces and the flowers, with large
pellucid glands. Leaves thinly coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, rarely
elliptic-oblong, caudate-acuminate, the base cuneate; both surfaces
when dry pale-brown; main-nerves 12 to 15 pairs slightly prominent
on the lower surface (when dry), ascending, rather straight, interarching
"1 to ‘15 in. from the margin, secondary nerves and reticulations indis-
tinct: length 55 to 7 in.; breadth 1°35 to 25 in.; petiole ‘2 to ‘3 in.
Racemes axillary and toot crowded, only abut lin. long. Flowers
white, ‘4 in. across, on stout pedicels less than ‘l in. long. Calya-tube
narrowly campanulate, ‘2 in. long, the mouth with two very unequal
pairs of rounded teeth. Petals orbicular, thick in the centre, much
shorter than the stamens. Style about ‘5 in. long. Fruit globular:
smooth, prominently glandular-dotted, crowned by the short Se” ‘8 in.
in diam.

Perak: Scortechini; King’s Collector 3415, 8995, 6036, eee
Sincapore: Ridley 8411, 8449. Senancor: Ridley 4973.

Distinguished by having prominent pustule-like glands on all its parts.

52. EuGenia cLAviFLORA, Roxb, Hort. Beng. 37; Fl. Br. Ind. II,
488. A glabrous tree, 25 to 30 feet high: young branches slender, pale-
brown, compressed. Leaves thinly coriaceous, lanceolate or oblong-
lanceolate, shortly acuminate, the base acute; main and secondary nerves
very numerous, curving upwards and interarching less than *1 in. from
the edge: length 4 to 6 in.; breadth 1°5 to 2 in.; petiole ‘1 to ‘15 in.
H'lowers °6 to ‘8 in. long, in very shortly stalked, condensed, axillary
corymbs, sessile; the calyx-tube narrowly cylindric-clavate, contracted
at the base into a slender pseudo-stalk; the mouth with 4 or 5 short,
broad lobes. Petuls 4 or 5, free, white, orbicular-ovate, about *25 in.
long ; filaments about ‘6 in. long. Fruit narrowly oblong-ovoid, about
‘8 im. long, smooth, pulpy, crowned by the short, incurved calyx-limb,
1-seeded. Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 484; Wight Il., Il, 15;
Ic. t. 606; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLV Pe 265.7 Faw
Fl. I, 480. Syzygium claviflorum, Wall. Cat. 3575. 8. longiflorum, Wall.
Cat. 3572. 8. excavatum, Wall. Cat. 3574, Wall. Cat. Indeterminuta
8080. oe. . , et

537

108 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Nicopar and ANDAMAN IsLANDS; common. DistRis.—British India
in Burma, Chittagong and Assam.

var. leptantha; flowers and fruit smaller than in the typical form ;
flowers in short racemes, not in corymbs: fruit ‘4 in. long. Duthie in
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. 1], 484; Benth. Fl. Austral. III, 283 (Syz.); Kurz
in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2, 65; For. Fl. I, 480. 8S. swavissi-
mum, Wall. Cat. 3573. Syzyg. Griff. Notul. 654.

Matacca: Griffith (K.D.) 2366/1, 2367. Penana: Ridley 1021, 1109.

vAR. eacuvata; leaves more coriaceous than in the typical form
and somewhat larger, young branches with rather rough bark. Syzy-
gium eacavatum, Wall. Cat. 3574.

Prenanc: Curtis 697, 749, 8384, 8393. Prov. We.testey: Ridley
6970. Perak: King’s Collector 7440. Jonore: Ridley 4076.

varR. Maingayt; -young branches rather stout, the very youngest
smooth, the older with deeply striate bark. Leaves thickly coriaceous,
oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, main-nerves not prominent, the
midrib very prominent on the lower surface: length 4°5 to 7°5 in.
Flowers about *5 in. long: fruié unknown. H. Muingayi, Duthie in
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 484.

Matacca: Maingayi (K.D.) 750.

This is known only from Maingay’s imperfect specimens. It does not appear to
me to be separable specifically from EF. claviflora, Roxb.

var, glandulosa ; young branches acutely 4-angled: leaves as in
var. Maingayt : calyx-tube with large petucid glands.

Matacca: Mount Ophir; only once collected.

53. Evaenta zevtanica, Wight Ill. II, 15: Ic. I, 73. A glabrous
tree, 30 to 60 feet high: young branches slender, obsoletely 4-angled or
terete, pale-brown. Leaves coriaceous, lanceolate, sometimes ovate-
lanceolate, obtusely acuminate, the base acute: both surfaces shining,
brown when dry, the lower minutely glandular and paler: nerves 10 or
12 pairs, indistinct, interarching near the edge, the reticulations
obsolete; length 1°5 to 3:5 in.; breadth °35 to 1°5 in.; petiole ‘05 to “15
in. Panicles axillary and terminal, crowded, the axillary shorter than
the leaves, the terminal longer; branchlets short, 4-angled like the
main-rachis. Flowers numerous, in twos or threes at the apices of the
ultimate branchlets, their length (including the stamens) °35 to ‘4 in.
Calyx funnel-shaped, ‘2 in. long, sessile or on a short pedicel; the tube
ribbed, granular-tubercled ; the limb with 4 or 5 ovate-rotund, concave,
erect, deciduous lobes. Petals orbicular, 4 or 5, deciduous as a calyptra.
Fruit pisiform, smooth, white. Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br, Ind, IT, 485.
Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2, 65; For. Fl. I, 481.
E. spicata, Lam. Dict. III, 201; DC. le. (Syz.).Trimen Fl. Ceylon I, 171.

538

Materials for a Flora of the Maluyan Peninsula. 109

Bedd, Fl. Sylv. I, t. 202. H. glandulifera, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 37; Fl.
Ind. II, 496. SS. zeylanicwm, DC. Prodr. III, 260; Wall. Cat. 3564, in
part; Z. corticata, Wall. Cat. 3565; Dalz. and Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 94.
Acmena zeylanica, Thwaites Enum. 118. A. parviflora, DC. le. 262.
Jambosa bracteata, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. J, Pt. 1, 437. 8S. corticutwm, Wall.
Cat. 3565. Myrtus zeylanica, Linu. Sp. Pl. 675.—Rheede Hort. Mal.
v. t. 20.

In all the provinces; common. Distxis.—British India, Ceylon.

o4. Hucenta erata, Wight Ill. II, 15. A small glabrous tree:
young branches sub-terete, the bark pale-brown, loose. Leuves coria-
ceous, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, acuminate, the base acute; upper
surface brown when dry, the lower pale, main-nerves numerous,
curving, ascending, interarching about ‘1 in. from the edge, distinct as
is the midrib on the lower surface in the young leaves, indistinct on the
upper: length 2 to 3°5 in.; breadth 85 to 1:5 in.; petiole ‘15 to ‘25 in.
Inflorescence and flowers as in EH. zeylanica but the calyx-tube not
granular. Fruit ovoid, pellucid-dotted, crowned by the small calyx-
lobes, ‘2 in. long, black when ripe. Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng.
XLVI, Pt. 2, p. 65; For. Flora Burma I, 480; Duthie in Hook.
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. 486. Syzyg. gratum, Wall. Cat. 3586. S. scabridum,
Wall. Cat. 3564 D. Myrtus quadrangularis, Ham.

Matacca: Griffith (K.D.) 2364. Penang: Curtis $17, 756, 2245;
Wallich. Perak: Ridley 7955, 9456; King’s Collector 5414, 5483, 6267.
AnpamMan Istanps: King’s Collector. Disrx1p.—Sumatra.

A species very close to E. zeylanica but with somewhat larger leaves, glaucous
or sub-glaucous beneath. The best distinguishing marks lie however in the calyx-
tube which in this is smooth, and in the fruit which in this is ovoid and black.

0d. Evucenta recta, King n. sp. A glabrous tree, 20 to 25 feet
high: young branches slender, 4-angled; the bark dark-brown, flakey.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, almost sessile, ovate-lanceolate, shortly and
obtusely acuminate, the base rounded and minutely cordate ; both sur-
faces pale-brown when dry; nerves numerous but scarcely visible, the
midrib prominent on the lower surface and bearing small scattered
tubercles ; length 2°5 to 3°25 in. ; breadth 1-1 to 1°6 in.; petiole ‘05 to ‘1
_ in., densely covered with black tubercles. Flowers ‘5 or °6 in. long
(including the stamens), crowded in axillary or terminal fasicles, sessile.
Calyz widely funnel-shaped, tapered to the bracteolate base, minutely
dotted ; the limb wide, with 5 broad lobes. Petals orbicular, yellowish,
deciduous. Fruit unknown.

Perak: King’s Collector 1863. |

56. Evgenia pseupo-rerraprera, King n. sp, A tree? Young
branches of the thickness of a crow-quill, compressed at the nodes,

539

110 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

4-angled and 4-winged, the bark dark-brown and flakey, deciduous.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, almost sessile, broadly lanceolate or ovate-
lanceolate, the base broad and minutely cordate, the apex shortly and
bluntly acuminate; upper surface dull olivaceous-brown with remote
black pits, the nerves slightly and the midrib greatly depressed ; lower
surface pale-brown, with many small black marks especially on the bold
thick midrib; main-nerves 14 to 18 pairs, prominent, slightly curved,
subascending and interarching at about ‘1 in. from the edge; length
2 to 2:25 in.; breadth 1 to 15 in.; petiole ‘05 in. wrinkled. Flowers
in terminal, sessile, multi-bracteate glomeruli about ‘4 in. long; the
bracts about as long as the flowers, large, broadly oblong, blunt, their
posterior surfaces bearing many black dots. Flowers about ‘25 in.
long, their pedicels less than ‘lin. Culyz cylindric, slightly contracted
at the base; the mouth with 5 erect, ovate, blunt, sub-distant teeth,
about ‘05 in. long. Petals sub-orbicular, calyptrate. Jrutt sub-
globular, 25 in. in diam., crowned by the calyx-teeth.
JOHORE: on Gunong Panti, Ridley 4197.

This species comes very near H. tetraptera, Miq., but that species has narrower,
less conspicuously bracteate flowers and its young branches are covered with
glandular hairs. This is also allied to Z. tecta, King, which has, however, larger
flowers in pedanculate bracteate heads. The leaves of the two are almost exactly
alike in texture and form, but the dots and pits in those of LH. tecta are less conspi-
cuous thay in these of this plant, This is also closely allied to HE. polita,

57. Euaenta powita, King. A glabrous tree, 30 to 60 feet high;
young branches slender, compressed and acutely 4-angled or winged,
their bark pale-brown and deciduous. Leaves coriaceous, lanceolate or
ovate-lanceolate, bluntly and shortly acuminate, the base abruptly
cuneate, both surfaces shining and of a liver-brown colour; main-nerves
10 to 12 pairs, often forked, interarching less than ‘04 in. from the edge,

hardly visible on the upper surface, length 1°5 to 2°25 in. ; breadth
‘75 to 1 in.; petiole under ‘1 in. Panicles shorter than the leaves,

axillary and terminal, very condensed, many-flowered, bearing coriaceous
bracts of two sorts, those at the base of the panicle with long, subulate
points, those at the base of its branches and of the flowers oblong with
broad truncate apices, the rachis and branches 4-winged. Flowers
(including the stamens) °35 in. long, sessile. Calyx funnel-shaped,
ribbed, very coriaceous; the limb much prolonged beyond the ovary,
but only slightly expanded, with 5 ovate-rotund, concave, erect lobes.
Petals orbicular, deciduous. Stamens not very numerous nor long.
Fruit globular, crowned by the 5 calyx-lobes, when young minutely
pellucid-glandular. EH. zeylanica, Duthie (not of Wight) in Hook. fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. 1], 485, in part. Syzyg. politum, Wall. Cat, 3626.
54.0

}

4

P

a
Z

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 111

PenanG: Porter; Curtis 511. Jonore: Ridley 4078. Perak: Scor-
techint 585; Wray 2822; King’s Collector 6930, 8679. Matacca:
Ridley 859. . .

A species superficially Ls E. zeylanica, Wight, but really differing greatly

from that and every other species within our region by its prominently bracteate
and very condensed inflorescence which has winged branchlets. The fruit has been

only twice collected.

58. EuGenra VALDEVENOSA, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II,
489. A glabrous tree, 20 to 50 feet high: young branches rather
thinner than a goose-quill when dry, acutely 4-angled but not winged,
the bark brown. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic, shortly and abruptly acu-
minate, the base cuneate or rounded; upper surface olivaceous-brown,
reticulate, the nerves faint; lower warm-brown, the main-nerves 14 to
24 pairs, very prominent, curving upwards and interarching in a wavy
line ‘15 to ‘25 in. from the edge; length 5°5 to 8 in.; breadth 2°35 to
3°5 in.; petiole ‘2 to °25 in. Panicles terminal or from the upper leaf-
axils, pedunculate, rather shorter than the leaves, with many spreading,
lax branches, the branchlets compressed. Jlowers white, sessile, in
heads on the ends of the branchlets, ‘4 in. long (including the stamens),
the buds narrowly clavate, Calyx narrowly infundibuliform, tapering
equally from base to apex, the mouth truncate, entire. Petals calyptrate.
Fruit depressed-globular, crowned by the short remains of the calyx-
tube, smooth, °75 in. in diam. JL. ellipticum, Wall. Cat. 8587 in part,
(not of other authors). | .

Penang: Wallich; Curtis 55; King’s Oollector 1579; Maingay
723, 762. Prrax: Scortechini 1662; Wray 2209, 2842; King’s Collector
737, 2737, 4947, 5122, 5322, 7003, 10246, 10873.

Under the pre-occupied name L, ellipticwm, Wallich issued this species as No, 3587
of his Catalogue. Mixed with it, however, he issued some leaves of a distinct species
from Penang. Good specimens, with leaves exactly agreeing with these, have since
been found and that plant has been named &. pergamacea, King. a

59. Evgenia oBLonairoiia, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II,
491. A tree; young branches somewhat thicker than a crow-quill,
very pale, 4-angled (sometimes obscurely so). Leaves thinly coriaceous,
elliptic or oblong-elliptic, shortly acuminate, the base cuneate; both
surfaces shining, the nerves and reticulations distinct; upper surface
pale-olivaceous, the lower pale-brown; main-nerves 10 to 16, slender,
whitish, not much more prominent than the secondary, interarching
less than *] in. from the edge ; length 3 to 45 in.; breadth 1°25 to 2 in. ;,
petiole ‘3 in. long. Panicles terminal, corymbose, spreading, many-*
flowered, 3 or 4 inches in length and as many in breadth; the short.

Eakins aud numerous branches stout, 4d-angled, the " branchlets
54h

112 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

compressed, all very pale. Flowers °3 or ‘4 in. across. Petals 4, calyp-
trate, green. Calyx ‘2 in. long, campanulate, contracted for half its
length into a thin pseudo-stalk, smooth; the mouth truncate or very
slightly toothed. Fruit (unripe) globular, smooth, crowned by the short,
wide remains of the calyx, ‘35 in. in diam.

Matacca: Maingay (K.D.) 746. Stvcapore: Ridley 360, 4993, 10131.
Perak: King’s Collector 6012, 8848, 10883.

VAR. parviflora; flowers smaller than in the typical form: leaves
oblong-lanceolate, tapering to each end, 3°5 to 5°5 in. long and 1 to 1°5
in. broad.

Perak: Scortechini 618.

var. robusta, King ; calyx *35 in. long; panicles, branches of panicle
and young twigs thicker than in the typical form.

Perak: Scortechini 216.

60. Evennia susHorizontanis, King n. sp. A small tree; young
branches thinner than a goose-quill, terete, blackish-brown when dry.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, oblong or elliptic-oblong, tapering to each end,
shortly and sharply acuminate, the base cuneate, the edges somewhat
recurved (when dry), the upper surface dark olivaceous-brown and
shining, the midrib depressed, all the nerves faint, lower surface dark
brown, not olivaceous, duller than the upper, the midrib very bold and
convex, the main-nerves 15 to 20 pairs, sub-horizontal, thin, but rather
prominent and shining, interarching to form a bold intramarginal line
‘1 in. from the edge, the Bongulory nerves and reticulations rather
distinct ; length 4°5 to 7 in.; breadth 1°5 to 2:3 in.; petiole ‘5 to “6 in.
Panicles axillary and ES the former shorter thadi the leaves, the
latter often longer, lax: the branches rather sparse, spreading, compres-
sed, obscurely 4-angled. Flowers white, sessile, in clusters of 3 to 6 at
the ends of the branchlets, globose-clavate in bud. Calyx °25 in. long,
funnel-shaped, contracted to a pseudo-stalk for half its length : the limb
with 4 shallow, broad, rounded (sometimes acute) lobes. Frwit un-
known.

Perak: Wray 2118, 2097. Duistris.—Sumatra, Hort. Bogor. 3350
under the name of H. punctulata, Miq., which it is not.

61. Evcenta Vatrroniana, n. sp. King. A tree, 60 to 80 feet high ;
young branches thicker than a crow-quill, terete, the bark pale-brown,
flakey. Leaves as in E. Grifithii but somewhat narrower and with
rather more‘numerous main-nerves. Flowers sessile in small terminal
,or axillary panicles shorter than the leaves, with very few short, terete,
few-tlowered cymose branches, or in small pedunculate cymes. Calyx
‘3 in. long, clavate-campanulate, constricted into a short pseudo-stalk ;
the wide mouth truncate or with 4 deciduous, short, rounded lobes.

042

a
a

ry or

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 113

Petals small, orbicular, deciduous. Fruit when unripe pyriform, when
ripe globular, crowned by the wide calyx-limb, *5 in. long.

Perak: King’s Collector 5982, 6090.

A species near EF. Grifithii, and also near EL. Clarkeana and E. Koordersiana,
but with much smaller panicles and fruit at first pyriform.

62. EvuGentA ExpANSA, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 491.
A tree, 20 to 50 feet high ; young branches thinner than a goose-quill,
terete, pale-brown. Leaves coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-
elliptic, acuminate, the base cuneate, both surfaces brown (when dry)
and shining, the lower paler; main-nerves 20 to 24 pairs, faint, spread-
ing, connected by numerous loops, not very prominent in either surface
but. distinctest on the lower, intramarginal line less than ‘1 in. from the
edges: length 4 to 66 in.; breadth 1 to 2°25 in.; petiole 15 to ‘2 in.
Panicles numerous, terminal and axillary, usually 2 or 3 together,
varying in length from less than one inch to several inches, the longer
ones bearing a few slightly compressed branches with 5 to 8 sessile
flowers crowded at their apices. Flowers (including the stamens) °3 in.
long (sometimes longer), clavate in bud. Calyx -15 in. long, infundi-
buliform, minutely rugulose; the mouth truncate, undulate, slightly
reflexed. Petals orbicular, calyptrate. Fruit unknown. Syzygium ez-
pansum, Wall. Cat. 3567. S. euwnewron, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 314.

Penane: Wallich 3567; Curtis 247. Prrax: Wray, Scortechint,
King’s Collector ; very common.

63. EvGEenta cHLoroLEucA, King. A small tree or shrub; young
branches almost as thin as a crow-quill, terete below but 4-angled near
the apex, yellowish. Leaves coriaceous, oblanceolate, shortly and bluntly
acuminate, much narrowed at the base; both surfaces pale-olivaceous ;
the upper tinged with brown, shining, the main-nerves indistinct or
invisible ; the lower very pale, dull, the 12 to 16 main-nerves spreading,
very faint, the edge thickened and slightly recurved ; length 3 to 55 in.; |
breadth 1 to 2°25 in.; petiole ‘3 to ‘35 in. Pamnieles much shorter than
the leaves, mostly terminal, rarely axillary, trichotomous, the branchlets
also trichotomous, all acutely 4-angled and striate, the bracteoles at the
nodes and at the bases of the flowers short, concave, ovate. lowers
bibracteolate at the base, in threes, -4 in. long (including the stamens)
on 4-angled pedicels ‘1 in. long. Calyx ‘15 in. long, minutely rugulose ;
the mouth with 4 broad, shallow teeth. Frwit ellipsoid, rugulose,
crowned by the 4 persistent calyx-teeth, length (unripe) °3 in.

Perak: King’s Collector 1901, 4951, 7307; Scortechini 45; Wray _
2917.

This closely resembles Eugenia fastigiata (Calyptranthes fastigiata, Blume), but
the leaves have shorter petioles and fewer nerves and the fruit of this is corrueated

543

114 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

rugulose and not glandular. This also resembles Hugenia sylvestris (Caryophyllus
sylvestris, Blame) almost exactly in leaves: but the fruit of the latter is very
different.

64. EvuGEnia nigricans, King n. sp. A large tree; young branches
rather thicker than a crow-quill, sub-terete, dark-brown when dry.
Leaves oblong to oblong-elliptic, shortly and abruptly acuminate, the
base more or less cuneate; both surfaces very dark-olivaceous and
dull (when dry), the lower with a reddish tinge: nerves very numerous
and close together, straight and sub-horizontal, all faint below and
distinct above, the reticulations few and faint on both surfaces, the
edge recurved, and the intramarginal line very near it; length 2°5 to
4in.; breadth 1-4 to 2 in.; petiole 3 to “4 in. Panicles axillary and
terminal, not more than half as long as the leaves with few lax tricho-
tomous spreading branchlets, all 4-angled. Flowers white, 3 in. long
(including the stamens), in threes, sessile, clavate in bud. Calya
‘15 in. long, wrinkled, funnel-shaped, narrowed for half its length into
a pseudo-stalk, the mouth wide and truncate. Petals deciduous. _ Fruct
unknown.

Perak: Wray 2221.

65. EvuGENIA INOPHYLLA, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 37: Fl. Ind. H, 496.
A glabrous tree, 40 to 60 feet high; young branches rather thinner than
a goose-quill, terete, dark-brown. Leaves coriaceous, narrowly elliptic
or elliptic-lanceolate, rather abruptly acuminate, the base cuneate ;
both surfaces when dry smooth, shinifig, the numerous thin, curved,
ascending main-nerves indistinct ; the a APEC surface almost black, the
lower deep-brown ; length 3 to 5 in.;_ breadth 1°25 to 2°25 in.; petiole
‘2to°4 in. Panicles corymbose, in rie upper leaf-axils and Ha el
nearly as long as or longer than the leaves, on rather long peduncles,
many-flowered, each from 2°5 to 3 in. across, the branches and branchlets
numerous, 4-angled. Flowers 2 or 3 together, sessile at the apices of
the branches, *4 in. long (including the coloured stamens) white, clavate
in bud. Calya funnel-shaped, rather abruptly tapered to the base, *2 in.
long, smooth; the mouth truncate, with 5 very obscure, short, broad
teeth. Petals calyptrate. Fruit (according to Roxburgh) pear-shaped,
large. Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 481 in part. Wight Ic. 623
(bad). Jambosa inophylia, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 483. Syzygium
inophyllum, Wall. Cat. 3600 in part; DC. Prodr. III, 260.

Perak: Wray 1377, 2554, 2655, 2734; King’s Collector 4741, 6079,
655, 8481. Prnane: Curtis 973, 974, 2621.

Two specimens of this are included in the Linnzan Society’s set of the
Wallichian plants under 3600, The other two sheets belong to two different species.

66... Huaenta opiata, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 37; Fl. Ind. II, 493.

(544 : |

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 115

A tree, 40 to 50 feet high; young branches terete (when dry), reddish-
brown. Leaves thinly coriaceous, oblong to elliptic-oblong, or broadly
lanceolate, acuminate, the base cuneate; both surfaces brown (when
dry), shining, the upper often tinged with olivaceous and the lower with
red, main-nerves 20 to 24 pairs, close, connected by numerous secondary
nerves and reticulations, indistinct on the upper but distinct on the lower
surface, intramarginal nerve very close-to the slightly recurved margin ;
length 3°5 to 5 in.; breadth 1 to 25 in.; petiole ‘2 to ‘25 in. Panicles
axillary and terminal, shorter than the leaves, often pedunculate, corym-
bose, the branches and branchlets few, crowded, obtusely 4-angled.
Flowers *5 in. long, including the stamens, white, sessile, shortly clavate
in bud. Calyx °25 in. long, funnel-shaped, the mouth with 4 deciduous,
short, blunt lobes, narrowed to a pseudo-stalk. Petals orbicular, calyptrate.
Fruit as large as a cherry when ripe, smooth, pulpy, the pericarp rather
thick ; seed solitary. Wight Til. II, 15; Ic. t. 622; Kurz in Journ. As.
Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2, 67; For. Fl. I, 488; Duthie in Hook. fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. II, 492. 9S. oblatum, Wall. Cat. 3569. 8S. pulchellum,
Wall. Cat. 3566 in part. Syzg. truncatwm, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1,
455. Jambosa pulchella, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 422. EH. comosa,
Wall. Cat. 3566 D; l.c. 8600 C (under LH. inophylla).

Matacca: Derry 1178. Perak: Scortechini. Province WELLESLEY :
Curtis 9378a. Prnana: Ridley 9378.

67.- Hucenta Bernarpi, King n. sp. A medium-sized tree ; young
branches thicker than a crow-quill, slightly compressed, dark-brown,
the older terete and grey. eaves thinly coriaceous, broadly elliptic,

abruptly and shortly acuminate, the base slightly cuneate; both ~

surfaces brown (when dry) and shining, the lower slightly paler; the
numerous close nerves and their connecting reticulations distinct on
both ; the intramarginal line less than ‘1 in. from the edge, the midrib
depressed on the upper, prominent on the lower surface ; length 3:5 to
4-5 in.; breadth 1°75 to 2°25 in.; petiole ‘25 to‘4in. Panicles terminal,
occasionally from the branches below the leaves, shorter than the leaves
when in flower but longer in fruit, densely corymbose, trichotomously
branched, many-flowered, the peduncle and lower branches terete, the
branchlets 4-angled. Flowers partly sessile and partly on very short.
thick pedicels, the buds obovoid, obtuse. Calyx *15 in. long, campanu-
late-cylindric, tapering slightly to the base but not forming a pseudo-
stalk, smooth, the limb truncate. Petals falling off in a depressed
calyptra. Stamens *25 in. long. Fruit turbinate, black when ripe,
without pulp, crowned by the minute remains of the calyx, *2 in. in diam.

Perak: Scortechini 326, Skuancor: Ridley 8617. Pananc: Curtis —

975, 2845. . |
O45 |

116 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula,

Remarkable for its short, obovoid flower-buds; closely related to HE. simulans
which has, however longer clavate buds.

68. Evucunta Prarniana, King n. sp. A tree 60 to 80 feet high;
young branches as thick as a goose-quill, terete, brown. Leaves thickly
coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, the apex shortly acuminate, the base
cuneate; upper surface dark-brown, shining, the midrib pale and
depressed, the nerves slightly raised, faint; lower surface yellowish-
brown, dull, the 20 to 30 pairs of main nerves and~the intramarginal
one slightly raised but indistinct, edges slightly recurved; length
3°5 to 5 in.; breadth 1°5 to 1°75 in.; petiole about ‘5 in. Panicies
mostly terminal, but a few of smaller size from the upper leaf-axils,
about half as long as the leaves while in flower, many-flowered, much
condensed, corymbose, broader than long; the peduncles short, stout,
somewhat 4-angled like the stout, short branches. Flowers in threes
at the ends of the branchlets, sessile, white, clavate in bud. Calyzx
-35 in. long, funnel-shaped, tapering gradually to the base: the mouth
5-lobed, the lobes broad, rounded, and with pale, cartilaginous tips.
Petals 5 orbicular, glandular-dotted, much longer than the calyx-lobes,
apparently calyptrate. Fruit (unripe and excluding the long calyx-
tube) globular-ovoid, °75 to 1 in. in length, and ‘75 in. in diam.,
crowned by the large, stout, withered, 5-toothed calyx-limb °26 in. long.

Perak: Wray 3990; King’s Collector 5309, 6584.

69. Evuacenta Pearsonrana, King n. sp. A tree 80 to 100 feet
high ; young branches thicker than a crow-quill, pale brown or whitish,
terete. Leaves coriaceous, ovate, the base rounded, the apex caudate-
‘ acuminate, the edges somewhat recurved; upper surface olivaceous-
brown, shining, the numerous nerves faint, the midrib depressed ; lower
surface brown, dull, the nerves fainter than on the upper, the midrib
sharp and prominent ; length 2°75 to 4 in. ; breadth 1°5 to 2 in.; petiole
25 to’3 in, Panicles terminal, 1°5 in. long, not pedunculate, branching
from the base; the branches short, thick, slightly compressed and
slightly 4-angled. Flowers in twos or threes at the ends of the branch-
lets, about ‘5 in. long (including the stamens), white, clavate in bud,
some sessile and others on very short, stout pedicels. Calyx ‘4d in. long,
funnel-shaped gradually tapering to the thick base ; the mouth truncate.
Petals 5, orbicular, calyptrate. Fruit unknown.

Pprak: King’s Collector 3526.

Allied to E. Prainiana, but differing in the truncate calyx-limb, sessile panicles
and thinner young branches the bark of which moreover is nearly white.

70. EvGEnta L@vicauis, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 492.
A tree; young branches half as thick as a goose-quill, terete, very pale.
Leaves coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-elliptic, shortly and

046

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 117

abruptly acuminate, the base cuneate; upper surface dark-olivaceous
(when dry) and shining, the midrib bold and depressed aud the nerves
not depressed but faint; lower surface chocolate-brown, dull, the uumer-
ous nerves and reticulations indistinct, the intramarginal line very
close to the edge, faint; length 3°5 to 4°5 in.; breadth 1 to 16 in.;
petioles 2 to '3in. Panicles mostly terminal, but afew iu the upper
axils, condensed, much shorter than the leaves; branches few, crowded,
very stout, obscurely 4-angled, shining. Flowers ‘5 or ‘6 in. long
(including the stamens), in threes at the apices of the branchlets, the
middle one on a short thick pedicel, the lateral pair sessile. Oalya
‘25 in. long, campanulate, tapering regularly to the base; the mouth
with 5 small, bluntly triangular teeth reflexed after flowering. Petals
orbicular, much larger than the calyx-teeth, calyptrate. Fruit when
ripe as large as a cherry, depressed at both ends, pulpy, the apex
crowned by the small circular remains of the calyx. Duthie in Hook.
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 492 (in part). HH. inophylla, ? in Wall. Cat. 3600 and
not of Roxb.

Matacca: Maingay Herb. prop. 3012 (K.D. 753 in part). Prenane:
Wallich ; Curtis 750, 666, 2246, 2247.

Hitherto collected only in Malacca and Penang. This is one of three plants
issued doubtfully by Wallich as E. inophylla, Roxb. ; and one of two issued from
Herb. Kew, as 753 Maingay. There are in Herb. Kew, three Maingayan sheets
under the distribution 753. Two of these bore the same number in Maingay’s
own collection, viz., 3012: the third, which is imperfect, bore his 1558, and is
a different plant from his 3012 and is really H. anisosepala, Duthie. E. lzvicaulis
is allied to Z. oblata, Roxb., but has more contracted panicles with much shorter
branches, more oblong flower-buds, shorter stamens, more faintly nerved leaves
which are usually smaller. '

71. Euagenta Goopenovu, King n. sp. A tree, 50 to 70 feet high;
young branches somewhat thicker than a crow-quill, terete, with com-
pressed nodes, the bark dull pale yellowish-grey. Leaves coriaceous,
oblong-elliptic, rarely somewhat lanceolate, the base much cuneate, the
apex acute or sometimes shortly and bluntly acuminate; both surfaces
rather dull when dry, yellowish-brown, the lower somewhat paler, the
main-nerves Many pairs, inconspicuous on either surface as are the
secondary nerves and the reticulations; the intramarginal nerve faint,
about ‘1 in. from the edge; length 3°5 to 5°5 in.; breadth 1°5 to 2 in.;
petioles "2 to ‘3in. Panicles terminal and from the axils of a few of the
upper leaves, 1°5 to 2 in. long and about as broad; the branches few,
spreading, obscurely 4-angled. Flowers shortly pedicelled, (when
expanded) from *2 to ‘3 in. across, the buds clavate from ‘2 to °3 in. long.
Calyx funnel-shaped, the mouth with 4 broad, rounded lobes. Petals 4,
sub-orbicular, calyptrate. Fruit broadly urn-shaped, the apex broad —

547

118 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

and truncate, crowned in the middle by the short conical remains of the
style, about °5 in. in diam. when dry and about ‘6 in. long, the base
with a fleshy papilla and a short stout stalk. Syz. rigidum, Wall. Cat.

308].
Manacca: ?; Wallich; Goodenough 1759. Sutancor : King’s Collector

8741. Distris.—Java.

Wallich’s specimens of this are referred in the Flora of British India to
E. chlorantha, Duthie. The better examples collected since Wallich’s time by
Messrs. Goodenough and Kunstler however shew this to be a distinct species,
Wallich’s specific name for which would have been retained but for the.priority of
DeCandolle’s Eugenia rigida. This strongly resembles Z. Zippelliana, Miq., as that
species is represented at Kew.

72. HuGenta Linocisroiea, King. A tree, 40 to 50 feet high;
young branches when in flower as thick as a crow-quill (thicker when
in fruit), dark-brown. eaves coriaceous, lanceolate, shortly acuminate,
the base cuneate; both surfaces of an olivaceous, leaden colour when
dry, the upper very dark and shining, the nerves numerous, indistinct :
the lower paler and dull, the nerves straight spreading, black, inter-.
arching less than 05 in. from the edge, the reticulations not prominent:
length 2 or (rarely) 3 in.; breadth *6 to 1 in.; petioles ‘lin. Panicles
terminal, as long as the leaves when in flower (longer when in fruit),
much branched, many-flowered, broader than long: main-branches sub-
horizontal, somewhat 4-angled, the branchlets acutely so. Flowers °4
in. long (including the stamens), sessile, the buds clavate. Calyx °3 in.
long, funnel-shaped, the lower half narrowed into a vertically ridged
pseudo-stalk; the mouth with 4 deep, broad, rounded lobes. Petals 4,
sub-orbicular, calyptrate. Fruit ohlong, with deep rugulose, vertical
ridges, the apex crowned by the enlarged calyx-limb and its 4 inflexed
teeth: length (unripe) °35 in.

Perak: King’s Collector 4580, 7980, 8094; Wray 1898, 2595.

73. . HUGENIA MyRIIFOLIA, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 37; FI. Br. Ind. II,
490, A shrub or small tree; young branches 4-angled, pale-brown,
the older terete, greyish. Leaves thinly coriaceous, lanceolate to broadly
ovate, shortly acuminate, the base acute: both surfaces shining, dotted,
when dry brown, the lower paler; nerves close and numerous, thin but
distinct on both surfaces; length 1°5 to 2°5 in. ; breadth °75 to 1°35 in. ;
petiole ‘15 to ‘2 in. Panicles mostly terminal but a few from the upper
leaf-axils, pedunculate, longer than the leaves ; branches lax, spreading,
corymbose, 4-angled. Flowers *3 in. long (including the stamens)
sessile or pedicellate on the apices of the branchlets in twos or threes.
Calyx ‘15 in. long, clavate, the mouth with 4 very narrow lobes or
almost truncate. Petals 4, orbicular, calyptrate. Fruit globular, pisi-
form, pulpy, bluish-black, smooth, crowned by the cupular, truncate calyx-

048

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula, 119

limb, 1-seeded. Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. I], 483; Wight Tl. I,
15; Ic. t. 618; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt..2, 67;
For. Fl. I, 486. Syzygium myrtifolium, DC. Prodr. I1I, 261 ; Wall. Cat.
3071; Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. 1, Pt. I, 456. C. oleina, Wight Ill. II, 15.

Sincapore: Wallich. Penang: Wallich. Perak: Wray 2703;
King’s Collector 8379.

74, Hucenta Stapriana, King n. sp. A shrub, 2 to 6 feet high;
young branches rigid, slender, 4-angled, the bark brown and deciduous
in long flakes. Leaves very coriaceous, lanceolate or broadly elliptic
tapering to the blunt sub-acute (occasionally rounded and retuse) apex,
the base slightly cuneate or rounded; both surfaces olivaceous-brown
when dry, the upper with large scattered pits, the lower paler, not
dotted or pitted, nerves and reticulations very indistinct on both
surfaces, the midrib distinct on the lower: length *5 to l in.; breadth
‘4 to ‘8 in. ; petiole under ‘1 in. Panicles terminal, shorter than or as long
as the leaves, few-flowered; the branches few, rigid, stout, square and
with 4 thick wings. Flowers °3 in. long, with several bracteoles at
their insertion on the short, stout, papillose pedicels. COualyz 15 in.
long, narrowly campanulate, slightly inflated below the middle, ribbed
and densely papillose externally, the mouth slightly expanded and with
4, or 5 spreading rounded teeth. Petals orbicular, free. Stamens about
‘15 in. long. Fruit sub-globular, crowned by the calyx lobes, white.

PERAK: Scortechine 336; Wray 216, 1582, 1619: at elevations of
5000 to 7000 feet.

This belongs to a group of dwarf montane species of Evgenia well-represented
on the mountains of Ceylon and Southern British India and of which some species
from the mountain of Kina Balu in Borneo have recently been described and
figured in the Linnzan Transactions by Dr. O. Stapf. of the Kew Herbarium. The
nearest ally of this is H. kinabaluensis, Stapf., from which this is distinguished by
its larger inflorescence with winged branchlets, granular calyx-tube and pedicels, and
less rotund leaves, entire (not retuse) at the apex.

75. Kocgenta Wray, King n. sp. A small. tree; young branches
obtusely 4-angled, brown (when dry) smooth, the older terete, rough,
the bark grey. Leaves thickly coriaceous, broadly elliptic or sub-rotund —
the apex obtuse or sub-obtuse entire, not narrowed at the base: upper
surface brown, the nerves and reticulations faint, the midrib depressed ;
lower surface pale sub-glaucous, the nerves and reticulations numerous
and distinct, the midrib broad; length ‘75 to 1:35 in.; breadth

‘65. to 115 in.; petiole ‘lL in. or less. Panicles eatin compact,
terminal, in a short peduncle; its branches short and stout, slightly
4-angled, not winged or papillose. Flowers greenish, °35 in. long,
(including the stamens) sessile in clusters of 8 or 4 at the ends of the
branchlets, with a single deciduous bracteole at the base of each, the buds
549 .

120 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

shortly clavate. Calyx funnel-shaped, *15 in. long ; not much narrowed
to the base, smooth ; the mouth with 5 unequal, broad rounded lobes.
Petals calyptrate. Stamens short. Fruit unknown.

Perak: at elevations of 5,000 to 7,000 feet ; Wray 321, 1504, 3859 ;
Scortechint 313.

This is another of the dwarf montane species. It resembles the Nilgiri
E. calophyllifolia, Wight, very closely indeed and the differences between the leaves
of the two can be appreciated only by comparison of actual specimens. The reticu-
lations in the lower surface of this are finer and the enclosed spaces shorter,
B. calophyllifolia has 4-merous flowers and the flowers of this are 5-merous. Fruit
of this is at present unknown. From it, when found, a good character may, it is
hoped, be obtained.

76. Hvucrnta setosa, King n. sp. A shrub or creeper: young
branches as thick as a crow-quill, dark-brown, densely clothed on the
rachis and branches of the inflorescence with coarse subulate hairs
mixed with brown scurf. Leaves thinly coriaceous, narrowly oblong-
lanceolate, shortly and abruptly acuminate, the base rounded ; upper
surface (when dry) olivaceous with minute scattered black dots, the
lower tinged with brown, minutely pustulate: nerves very numerous
and close, sub-horizontal, interarching very near the slightly recurved
minutely undulate edge; length 1:35 to 2°75 in.; breadth °4 to ‘85 in. ;
petiole under ‘1 in. Panicles axillary and terminal, about as long as
the leaves, pedunculate, with spreading many-flowered branches.
Flowers crowded on the branchlets, °4 in long ( including the stamens),
clavate, the buds with globular apex abruptly contracted below, sessile
or on short pedicels. Calyx campanulate above, contracted about the
middle into a pseudo-stalk; the mouth truncate but with 5 small
triangular deciduous lobes. Petals orbicular, deciduous. Fruit tur-
binate, crowned by the small truncate calyx-limb, minutely covered
with pellucid, granule-like glands; length and breadth about °35 in.

Perak: Wray 2704; King’s Collector 5266, 6601, 6793.

77. HuGenta rnasensts, King n. sp. A small white-flowered tree ;
young branches thicker than a crow-quill, terete with compressed
nodes; the bark pale and rather smooth. Leaves coriaceous, broadly
elliptic to elliptic-oblong, sometimes slightly obovate, much tapered to
the base, the apex with a short, abrupt blunt point, the edges recurved ;
when dry, the upper surface shining, pale yellowish-brown, the midrib
depressed ; the lower paler and dull, the midrib bold ; main-nerves
inconspicuous on both; length 2°5 to 4in.; breadth 1°25 to 2°25 in. ;
petiole ‘2 to ‘4 in. Panicles much shorter than the leaves, terminal
or from the upper leaf-axils, solitary or several together, pedunculate,
usually 3-branched, the peduncle and branches dark-coloured, com-
pressed. Flowers in threes, *3 to ‘4 in. in diam. when expanded, their

550

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 121

buds obovoid nearly ‘2 in. long. Calyx campanulate, sessile, not tapering
into a pseudo-stalk, the mouth with 5 small rounded lobes, or truncate.
Petals 5, orbicular-calyptrate. Fruit unknown.

Price: or Gunong Inas at elevations of about 5,000 feet ; is
4144, 4150, 5154.

A species known only from Mount Inas. It is allied to Z. subdecussata, Duthie,
in many respects, but differs from that species in having petiolate leaves tapering
much to the base ard having recurved edges. The main nerves are, moreover, less
distinct and the under surface is not dotted. The twigs also differ in being very
pale in colour instead of brown.

78. EvGenia suppecussaTa, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II,
491. A tree or shrub; young branches sub-terete, compressed below
the nodes, brown. Leaves sessile or nearly so, coriaceous, elliptic or
eblong-elliptic, rarely somewhat obovate-elliptic, (sub-rotund in var.
montana), tapering but little te either end, the apex sometimes with a
short blunt acumen, the base minutely cordate; both surfaces dark-
brown when dry, the upper polished; the lower slightly paler and
pellucid-dotted ; nerves numerous but not prominent on either surface,
the midrib prominent on the lower; length 2 to 5°5 in.; breadth 1°35 to
3 in.; petiole very short or absent (about °1 in. long in VAR. montana).
Panicles terminal, shorter than the leaves, pedunculate, the peduncle
and all the branches and branchlets much compressed ; the branclies
short, crowded. Flowers °35 in. long (including the stamens), sessile in
heads on the apices of the branchlets ; the buds shortly clavate. Calys
funnel-shaped, the mouth with 5 small triangular teeth. Petals calyp-
trate. Fruit globular, crowned by the small calyx-cup, smooth, °5 or “6
in. indiam. Syzygium subdecussatum, Wall. Cat. 3589 in part. |
Singapore: Wallich; Ridley 4662, 4814, 9498, 10389. Matacca:
Maingay (K.D.) 740; Derry 476, 975; Ridley 1985. Perax: King’s
Collector ; ; Scortechini ; very common from the sea-level to elevations of
5,000 feet. |

A species readily recognised by the elliptic polished leaves, tapering very little
to either end, also by the compressed short branchlets of the inflorescence and the
shortly clavate flowers.

var. colorata, King; panicle very condensed, flower-buds longer
tban in the typical form, leaves when dry tinged with red. JZ. colorata,
Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II.

Matacca: Maingay (K.D.) 749.

Only a single specimen of thisis known. It appears to me a form of EZ, sub-
stoonsagte,, and unworthy of specific rank,

VAR. montana, King; shrubby ; leaves often sub-rotund or elsedtia
elliptic, from 1 to 26 in. long ; panicles longer than the leaves. ¢ 4)

ool

122 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.
Perak: Scortechini 294; Wray 217, 3844. King’s Collector 8030. —

Syzygium apodum, Miq., a Sumatran species, closely resembles this but has
thicker leaves with strongly recurved margins.

79. Evuapnia punctuyata, King. A tree, 30 to 50 feet high; young
branches thinner than a goose-quill, slightly compressed, the bark
pale-brown, deciduous in flakes, and the older branches grey. Leaves
coriaceous, obovate or oblanceolate, the apex broad and usually blunt
but sometimes with a short point, much narrowed at the base, the ,
edges slightly recurved; upper surface olivaceous (when dry),
shining, the nerves indistinct; lower olivaceous-brown, the numerous
straight nerves and reticulations faint; length 15 to3in.; breadth
1 to 1°75 in.; petiole -2 to °25in. Punicles rather lax, terminal, longer
than the leaves (often twice as long, especially in the fruiting stage) :
branches numerous, spreading, compressed or 4-angled, many-flowered.
Flowers sessile at the apices of the branchlets with a few scarious
bracteoles at their bases. Calyx campanulate, only ‘1 in. long, its
mouth obscurely 4-tootiied, smooth. Petals deciduous. Fruit ovoid,
much wrinkled when dry and crowned by the wide calyx-limb, *4 in.
long (unripe). Syzygiwm punctulatum, Wall. Cat. 3583. Jambosa punc-
tulatu, Mig. F]. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 310.
| Stncapore: Wallich. Perak: King’s Collector 3475, 3782, 6426,
6671, 6937, 10984; Wray 1125, 3972. Sinearorn: Ridley 3893, 4988,
4989, 6540. Maracca: Derry 1154. Disrris.—Borneo.

This is doubtfully referred in the Flora of British India to EH. pyrifolia, Wall.
The more complete specimens collected since that Flora was published show that
E. punctulata is a perfectly distinct species.

80. Evcenta BRracreonaTa, Wight Il]. IT, 15: Ic. t. 531. A tree,
30 to 60 feet high; young branches boldly 4-angled, pale-brown, about
as thick as a goose-quill. Leaves coriaceous, oblong-obovate or oblanceo-
late, the apex broad and with a short blunt apiculus, rarely sub-acute,
the base cuneate: when dry the upper surface dark-brown, shining,
obscurely pitted, the nerves faint and impressed ; the lower paler brown,
neither pitted or dotted, the numerous pairs of horizontal nerves and
the wide reticulations slightly distinct, the midrib very prominent ;
length 5 to 5 in.; breadth 1°5 to 2 in.; petiole “3 to ‘5 in. Panicles
terminal, as loug as the leaves, with small, ovate, concave bracteoles at
all its nodes, corymbose, many-flowered, the branches few, the branch-
lets numerous and all (like the peduncle) acutely 4-angled and grooved.
Flowers in threes at the apices of the branchlets: bibracteolate at the
base and on short pedicels, °3 in. long including the stameus, globular-
clavate in bud. Calyx °15 in. long, shortly infundibuliform, rugulose,
the mouth with 4 rounded lobes. Petals whitish, calyptrate. Fruit

552 r

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 123
4

oblong, tapering to each end, the apex crowned by the 4 persistent
calyx-teeth, minutely rugualose, length (very unripe) ‘25in. Kurz in
Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2, 66; For. Flora Burm. I, 482;
Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 488.

Mauacca: Maingay (K.D.) 770. Penance: Curtis 1089, 3175.
Perak: very common. Distris.—Burma: Griffith (K.D.) 2387; Helfer
(K.D.) 2386, 2373.

Easily recognised by its profusely bracteolate inflorescence and acutely 4-
angled branches and panicle. Cuwrtis’s 1089 is when dry of a much paler colour than
the Perak specimens, otherwise it agrees.

81. Evcenta venu.osa, Wall. in Cat. ex Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br.
Ind. II, 490. A tree, 20 to 25 feet high ; young branches thicker than
a crow-quill, terete, pale. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-rhomboid to oblan-
ceolate, the apex obtuse or sub-acute, tlie base cuneate ; upper surface
pale-brown often with an olivaceous tint (when dry), dotted, shining,
duller, the nerves faint; under surface paler, and not olivaceous, the main-
nerves 10 to 14 pairs, rather straight, sub-erect, not much more promi-
nent than the secondary nerves, both sets connected by numerous loops,
the intramarginal nerves about *1 in. distant from the slightly recurved
edge; length 2 to 3 in.; breadth ‘8 to 2°2in.; petiole ‘1 to °J5 in.
Panicles terminal, broadly corymbose, much-branched, usually shorter
or not much longer than the leaves (longer in vAR.); peduncle and
branches 4-angled, the flowers in threes at the apices of the branchlets,
clavate in bud, sessile. Calyx °2 in. long, rugulose, campanulate in
its upper half, the lower contracted, the mouth truncate, or slightly
lobed. Petals calyptrate. Fruit globular, submamillate, the apex with
a deep, circular, entire pit bounded by the calyx-walls, ‘5 in. in diam.
_ Manacca: Griffith (K.D.) 2405; Muingay (K.D.) 74]. Srveapore:
Wallich ; Ridley 5985. Jonore: 4986. Purak: Scortechini 188; Wray
3016. : |

vaR. macrothyrsa ; panicles longer than the leaves and as much as
4 in. broad, )
_ Matacca: Griffith (K.D.) 2405; Derry 21; Maingay (K.D.) 719.
Jonore: Ridley 4196. Perak: Scortechini 188.

_ 82. EuGenia psevpo-suptitis, King. A tree, 30 or 40 feet high;
young branches pale greyish-yellow, or almost white, slightly thicker
than a crow-quill, terete. eaves very coriaceous, narrowly oblong- —
elliptic tapering from the middle to each end, the apex sub-acute or
obtuse, the base cuneate; both surfaces when dry dull, pale-brown; the
upper. pellucid-pitted and the nerves faint; the lower paler not pitted,
the midrib prominent but the 5 to 7 pairs of main-nerves faint, sub-
erect, curved, not interarching near the edge, length 2°25 to 4 in,;

003

~~. a en

124 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

breadth 1:1 to 1°25 in. petiole 5 to °75 in. Panicles shorter than or
nearly as long as the leaves, axillary and terminal, often 2 or 3 together,
few-branched ; the branches divaricate, 4-angled, few-flowered, .tricho-.
tomous. Flowers sessile, small.. Calyx only °05 in. long, at first almost
cylindric slightly narrowed to the base, afterwards urn-shaped and
finally globular, the mouth with a projecting rim, truncate but with 4
broad, shallow teeth. Fruit the size and shape of a pepper-corn, smooth, —
surmounted by the small remains of the ealyx and by the base of the style.
HE. brachiata, Duthie (not of Roxb.) in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, (an part).

PenanG: Curtis 8475. Perak: King’s Collector 6946. SinGAPoRe:
Ridley 4990.

var. platyphylla ; leaves broader than in the typical form, elliptic,
oblaneeolate-oblong, sub-acute or with broad rounded apex, the base
always cuneate.

Singapore: Ridley 3962. Matacca: Derry; Scortechint. Prrax:
Penang: Curtis 32. Syzyg. ribesoides, Wall. Cat. 3553. Syzyg. cinereum,
Wall. Cat. 3576.

VAR. subacuminate ; leaves bluntly acuminate.

Punane: King’s Collector 1793.

This species closely resembles S. subtile, Miq., in its pale branches, in the shape
and texture of its leaves and in its flowers. The leaves however have only about
one-third as many nerves. The two are however very near.

83. EuGrnra microcaLyx, Duthie in Hook. fil. FI. Br. Ind. II, 493.
A tree, 40 to 50 feet high; young branches slender, 4-angled, brown.
Eeaves coriaceous, oblong-obovate or oblong-lanceolate, sub-acute, much
narrowed from the middle to the base; upper surface blackish-brown
when dry, the nerves faint: lower warm-brown the nerves and midrib
prominent: main-nerves 10 to 14 pairs, rather straight, ascending,
interarching ‘15 in. from the.edge in a bold wavy line; the edges much
and irregularly recurved when dry; length 2°25 ‘to 35 in.; breadth
1:25 to 2 in. ; petiole -25 to*3 in. Panicles terminal and axillary, as long
as or longer than the leaves, on long slender peduncles; branches and
branchlets lax, spreading, compressed, with minutely triangular persist-
ent bracteoles at their bases. Flowers yellowish-white, sessile, in heads
at the ends of the branchlets, small (only °2 in. long ineluding the
stamens), bracteolate at the base. Calyx ‘15 in. long, funnel-shaped,
minutely granular; the mouth with 4 small distant triangular lobes.
‘Petals 4, calyptrate. Frwit (probably unripe) as large as a pepper-corn,
globular, crowned by the wide calyx-limb, white tinged with red.

Manacca: Griffith (K.D.) 2410 (in part), 2411. Derry 3531 ; Main-
gay (K.D.) 727, 731. Sineapore: Ridley 2054, Perak: King’s
Collector 5986, 5990, 6627, 8129, 8700, 10417, 10735. rs

o04

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 125

VAR. obovata ; leaves obovate or obovate-lanceolate.
Perak: King’s Collector 6627, 10417, 8129, 8700, 5990, 5986, 8700.

84. Hucenta scoparia, Wall. Cat. 3594. A tree P Young branches
about as thick as a crow-quill, terete, pale-brown, smooth. Leaves
coriaceous, oblanceolate to obovoid, occasionally elliptic-lanceolate, the
apex sub-acute or obtuse, the base always cuneate; upper surface brown
and with numerons small pits, the lower paler and with numerous
minute black glands, midrib depressed on the upper and prominent
on the lower surface, the nerves almost invisible on both; length 1-25
to 2°25 in.; breadth *6 to l:l in. Panicles terminal and from the upper
leaf axils, longer than the leaves, on slender, rather long, 4-angled
peduncles bearing near the apex a few divaricate laxly-flowered branches.
Flower-buds clavate, about ‘15 in. long; mouth of calyx wide, shortly
4-lobed, the tube short and abruptly contracted at the base. Fruit
almost globular with a truncate apex, smooth, ‘1 in. in diam. Duthie
in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 489. Syzygium scoparim, Wall. MSS. ?
S. avene, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. I, 312.

Sicnapore: Wallich. Matacca: Goodenough 1649.

Specimens of a species nearly allied to this were collected at Changi in Singa-
pore by Mr. Ridley in October 1890 and again at Selangor (Herb. 7555) in 1896.
They differ in having the leaves broader, more pronounced obovate, and almost
without dots or glands.

85. EvGeNrIA MyRIANTHA, King n. sp. A tall tree; young branches
slightly thicker than a crow-quill, terete. Leaves very coriaceous,
oblanceolate sub-acute, the base much narrowed; when dry upper
surface pale-brown, shining, dotted; the lower darker brown, dull,
sub-glaucous ; nerves 3 or 4 pairs, on each side very faint, distant,
ascending : reticulations on both surfaces invisible, the edges slightly
recurved ; length 1 to 1°75 in. ; breadth °5 to °75 in. ; petiole 25 to 8 in.
Panicles very numerous, longer than the leaves, terminal or in the
upper axils, pedunculate ; branches numerous, spreading, the branchlets
quadrangular and bearing at their apices numerous small sessile flowers
with broad rounded bracteoles at their bases. Flowers only ‘1 in. long,
truncate in bud. Calyx cylindric, the mouth very obscurely lobed.
Fruit unknown. ; .

_¢ ; Perak: Scortechini 387. | Piswet b 2. i
_. . A species resembling E. microcalyz, Duthie, in its inflorescence and very small

flowers and also in the character of the venation of the leaves which however are
much smaller,

86. Hucernta vereconpa, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 496,
A small tree; young branches as thick as a crow-quill, pale yellow,
terete, smooth. Leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate, acuminate, the base

500

126 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

broadly cuneate ; upper surface brown when dry, shining; the lower
very pale brown, dull; the numerous nerves, reticulations and intra-
marginal nerve rather distinct on both surfaces but especially on the
upper when dry; length 2 to3in.; breadth ‘75 to 15 in.; petiole *35
to 6 in.; slender. Panicles crowded at the apices of the branches and
in one or two of the upper leaf-axils, shorter than the leaves, on short
peduncles, the branches slender, lax, 4-angled. Flowers only *15 in.
long, sessile or on short pedicles, clavate, constricted immediately below
the turbinate apex. Calyx-tube somewhat ribbed, the wide mouth with
4 shallow distant lobes. Petals calyptrate. Frutt unknown. Syzygium
verecundum, Wall. Cat. 3579.

Matacca: Griffith. Panana: Wallich. Sinaarore: Ridley 9486.
PanckoreE: Scortechini 163.

87. Eucenta SwetTenHaMIANA, King n. sp. A tree, 60 to 70 feet
high; young branches thinner than a goose-quill, terete, very pale,
faintly striate. Leaves thickly membranous, elliptic-oblong to obovate-
lanceolate narrowed to the rounded base, the apex shortly and bluntly
acuminate ; upper surface dark-brown the nerves and midrib impressed ;
lower surface pale-brown, the midrib and main-nerves prominent; the
latter 9 to 12 pairs curved and interarching to form a stout intramar-
ginal nerve ‘1 in. from the margin, the reticulations indistinct on both
surfaces ; length 3°5 to 4 in.; breadth 1:2 to 1°75 in.; petiole *25 to °35
in. Panicles several together at the ends of the branches, as long (with
their peduncles) as the leaves or longer; each bearing near its apex a
few slender 3-flowered umbellate branches, the branchlets, peduncle-
branches and branchlets compressed and 4-angled. Flowers greenish-
white, ‘35 in. across when expanded ; the buds before expansion clavate,
‘2 in. long. Calyx funnel-shaped, sessile, contracted at the base, its’
mouth with 4 broad, rounded, deciduous lobes. Petals 4, sub-orbicular,
free, as large as the calyx-lobes. Stamens short. Fruit unknown.

Perak : Scortechini ; King’s Collector 7590. |

A species near E. pseudo-subtile, King, but with oblanceolate leaves and long
slender pedunculate umbellate panicles crowded at the apices of the twig, Named
to commemorate the help afforded in the Botanical exploration of Perak by Sir
Frank Swettenham, K.C.M.G.

88. EvuGenta acuminatissima, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng.
XLVI, Pt. 2, 67; Fl. Br. Burm. I, 487. A tree, 20 to 50 feet high;
young branches about as thick as a crow-quill, slightly compressed, the
bark pale-brown, peeling off in vertical flakes. Leaves coriaceous,
lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, the apex caudate-acuminate, the base
cuneate; both surfaces pale-brown when dry, the upper tinged with
clivaceous, shining, the midrib depressed, the main-nerves 15 to 20

pairs, slightly raised, faint; lower surface darker than the upper, the

506 :

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 127

nerves faint, the intramarginal line rather less than ‘1 in. from the
edge; length 2°5 to4in.; breadth ‘9 to 1°4 in.; petiole ‘2 to ‘25 in.
Panicles usually large, lax, many-branched, pedunculate, longer than
the leaves, mostly terminal but some also from the upper leaf-axils:
branches acutely 4-angled, the upper also compressed. Flowers numer-
ous, small, white, sessile, usually in threes from the ends of the branch-
lets, -2 in. long (including the stamens). COalya turbinate-clavate,
nearly ‘2 in. long, the lower half contracted, the upper part turbinate
its mouth truncate or very obscurely toothed. Petals 5 or 6, minute,
rotund, clawed, erose, free. Fruit depressed-globular, crowned by the
minute circular remains of the calyx, ‘4 to ‘5 in. broad and about °35 to
‘4.in. long. Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 483. Jambosa acumina-
tissima, Hassk. in Flora (1849), 592; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, 438. Syzyg.
altissimum, Wall. Cat. 3588. Myrtus acuminatissima, Blume Bijdr,
1088.

In all the Provinces except the Nicobar Islands. Disrr1s.—Burma,
Sumatra. .

89. Eugenia Konstieri, King n. sp. A tall tree; young branches
thinner than a goose-quill, terete, pale. Leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, much narrowed at the base: upper surface brown
(when dry), with small depressed dots, the nerves indistinct: lower pale-
brown with numerous small black dots: main-nerves bold on the under
surface, 8 to 10 pairs, curving upwards and interarching ‘1 to ‘15 in.
from the edge; length 3:5 to 5°5 in.; breadth 1°5 to 2°25 in.; petiole
"4 to °5 in. Panicles terminal or from the upper leaf-axils, much shorter
than the leaves; the short peduncle and the numerous spreading
branches 4-angled, with many small pustules, minutely bracteolate at
the divisions. Flowers small, numerous, greenish-yellow, in threes at the
apices of the branchlets, sessile. Calyx °1 in., funnel-shaped, the mouth
with 4 obscure broad teeth. Petals orbicular. Fruit ovoid, contracted
somewhat at the base and crowned by the short wide calyx-limb,
smooth, ‘5-6 in. long.

Perak: King’s Collector 3310, 3680. Prnanc: Curtis 179.

A species of which the nearest allies are E. pustulata, Duthie, and FE. brachiata,
Roxb., but with more slender panicles and smaller flowers than the former and more
acuminate leaves than the latter. It also resembles E. minutijlora, Miq., but that
has broadly ovate shortly acuminate leaves and shorter panicles.

90. EuGenta pustoLAtTa, Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 495,

A tree, 20 to 50 feet high; young branches thinner than a goose-quill,

terete, pale-brown, minutely warted. Leaves coriaceous, oblong or

oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, much narrowed to the base: upper

surface (when dry) smooth, shining, greenish, the nerves usually
557

128 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

indistinct; the lower brown with many minute papille especially on the
prominent midrib; main-nerves 10 to 14 pairs, curving upwards and
interarching *] in. from the margin, pale, and prominent on the lower
surface; length 4°5 to 7 in.; breadth 1°35 to 2°25; petiole °3 to *4 in.
Punicles small, several together, shorter than the leaves, terminal or
from the upper leaf-axils, branching from the base, the branches spread-
ing, papillose, stout, 4-angled. Flowers few, sessile, ‘25 in. long
(including the stamens), truncate in bud. Calyx campanulate, minutely
papillose externally ; the mouth wide and with 4 short, broad, sub-acute
lobes. Petals calyptrate. Fruit globular, the apex with a circular pit
surrounded by the wide, short, cupular remains of the calyx, =
4, to ‘5 in, in diam.

Matacca: Maingay (K.D.) 751. Srncapore: Ridley 4657, 4979,
6420, 6421. Prax: King’s Collector 8724, 6758, 7536.

A species recognisable by its short stout panicles with short widely campanulate
flowers, and pustulate stems and panicles. The leaves (when dry) are 2
by their colour, greenish above and brown beneath.

91. Kocenta Koorpersiana, King n. sp. A tree, 40 to 80 feet high ;
young branches somewhat thicker than a crow-quill, terete, dark pur-
plish-brown when dry. leaves coriaceous, elliptic or narrowly ovate,
rarely oblanceolate, shortly caudate-acuminate, the base cuneate ; both
surfaces (when dry) very dark brown, the lower slightly paler; main-
nerves 8 to 10 pairs, curving slightly and~interarching ‘1 in. or more
from the edge, impressed on the upper surface slightly prominent on
the lower; length 2°75 to 2:75 in.; breadth 1 to 1°75 in.; petiole about
°3 in, Parties terminal, usually much longer than the leaves, corym-
bose, many-branched, the peduncle and branches sharply 4-angled,
compressed at the nodes; branchlets 3- to 5-flowered at the apex.
Flowers white, clavate in bud, sessile. Calyx campanulate, 4-angled,
"15 in. long, contracted for half its length into a pseudo-stalk; the
mouth with 4 deep, broad, rounded lobes. Petals 4, sub-rotund, calyp-
trate. Fruit unknown.

Perak: Scortechini 257 ; King’s Collector 6208, 6233, 6385.

When dry the leaves and panicles of this are very dark-coloured. It is allied
to E. pseudo-subtilis and E. Clarkeana, but differs from both in leaves. I have
named it in honour of Dr. S. H. Koorders of the Forest Dept. in Netherlands India.

92. EHucenta simuLans, King n. sp. A. tree, 30 to 40 feet high,
with pendulous branches: young branches terete, the very youngest
compressed and about as thick as a crow-quill, brown. Leaves thinly
coriaceous, oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, shortly and rather bluntly
acuminate, the base cuneate; both sides dark-brown and shining when

dry, the lower paler and duller, slightly olivaceous; nerves numerous,
508

Materials for a Flora of the M alayan Peninsula, 129

straight, inconspicuous like the reticulations, intramarginal nerve very
near the edge; length 4°5 to 5°5 in.; breadth 1°75 to to 2°25 in.; petiole
‘3 to ‘4 in. Panicles mostly eile sometimes terminal, 3 to 4 in.
long, pedunculate, pyramidal, the branches nearly horizontal, all terete.
Flowers mostly in threes at the apices of the brancliets, sessile, clavate
in bud. Oalyzx nearly ‘15 in. long, obconic, with a sub-obtuse base ; the
mouth thickened, undulate, indistinctly 5-toothed. Petals calyptrate.
Stamens unequal. Frit unknown.

Perak: Scortechini 83, 274.

This resembles E. Bernardi, King, but differs in having clavate, not shortly
obovoid, flower-buds, and in its panicles being usually lateral not terminal. The
leaves of the two are much alike. Ridley’s specimens collected in the garden jungle
‘(8104 and 9845) probably belong to this but the panicle is laxer and its branches
thinuer.

93. Evucexta Cortisu, King n. sp. A tree, 60 to 80 feet high;
young branches thinner than a goose-quill, terete, the bark brown and
peeling off in flakes. Leaves coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-
elliptic, rarely oblanceolate, the apex shortly and bluntly acuminate,
the base cuneate, the edges slightly recurved when dry, both surfaces
when dry pale olivaceous-brown, shining, obscurely pustulate, the
lower less shining and darker in colour than the upper and. with
numerous very distinct minute conical concolorous pustules; the midrib
depressed on the upper but prominent and pustulate on the lower
surface; main and secondary nerves numerous, spreading, interarching
less than ‘1 in. from the slightly recurved edge, rather distinct on the
lower but faint on the upper surfaces ; length 3 to 5°5 in.; breadth 1 to
2 in.; petioles 15 to ‘2in. Panicles terminal, from half as long as to
as long as the leaves, branclied from the base, dense, many-flowered,
broader than long, the main-branches spreading, terete, the secondary
and tertiary acutely 4-angled, all stout, the bark very granular,
ultimately flakey. Flowers crowded at the ends of tle brauchlets, *2 in.
long (including the stamens), sub-globose in bud. Calyx campanulate,
narrowed to the base and produced into a short pseudo-stalk, granular,
shining: the mouth wide, with 5 small, broadly triangular teeth.
Petals 5, papillose outside, orbicular, ? calyptrate. uit unkuown. |

Perak: Wray 2968, 3102; King’s Collector 6149.

VAR. minor ; flowers Laid lie (rather less than ‘2 in. long, ‘hola
the stamens): Calyz not produced into a pseudo-stalk, its mouth
obscurely lobed: leaves 2°5 to 3 in. long,

Perak: Wray 194. Manacca: Harvey.

94. EuGenta opercunara, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 37; Fl. Br. Ind, I, 486.
A tree, 30 to 50 feet high; young branches slightly compressed, dotted
and grooved at first, afterwards terete, the bark pale-brown at first bat

509° e

130 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

ultimately grey. Leaves thinly coriaceous, variable in shape, ovate-
oblong to elliptic and (in var. 2) obovate, shortly acuminate, bluntly
apiculate or (in VAR. 2) obtuse, the base cuneate; both surfaces olivaceous
when dry, the lower paler and minutely dotted: main-nerves distinct on
the lower surface, 8 to 12 pairs, eurved, ascending, becoming faint towards
the intramarginal nerve: length 4 to 6 in.; breadth 1°6 to 2°2 in.;
petiole ‘2 to ‘3 in. Panicles from the branches below the leaves,
2 or 3 inches long, pedunculate, spreading, lax; the branches divaricate,
trichotomous, 4-angled. Flowers in threes at the apices of the branchlets,
greenish, sessile. Calyx smooth, campanulate, contracted at the base;
the limb truncate. Petals 4, calyptrate, orbicular, concave, about 1 in.
across. Jruié pisiform, smooth, very dark purple, pulpy, 1l-seeded.
Wight Ic. t. 552; Brandis For. Fl. 234; Kurz For. Fl. I, 483; Duthie
in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 498. 2H. cerasoides, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 92;
Fl. Ind. I, 488; Wight Ie. t. 615; Mig. Anal. Bot. Ind. I, 27; FI. Ind.
Bat. I, Pt. 1, 443; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2, 66;
For. Fl. I, 484. Syzygium nervosum, DC. Prodr. IIT, 260;, Mem. Myrt.
II, 16; Wall. Cat. 3551 A&B; 3553 B&C (under EF. ribesiotdes) ;
Benth. Fl. Hongk. 119; Thwaites Enum. 417 ; Mig. FL Ind. Bat. lc: 460:

Bedd. Fl. Sylv. Anal. Gen. CVI. 8S. costatum, nodosum, and angkolunum,
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1.c. 448. Calyptranthes mangifertfolia, Hance in Walp.
Ann. JI, 629. C. eostata, Ham. in Wall. Cat. 3556. (0. grandis and
C. Tatna, Ham. in Wall. Cat. 3554, 3555.

Purak: Scortechini 306. Punana: Curtis 1444. Dusrris.—British
India, 8S. China and the Malay Archipelago.

Two varieties have been separated off but I have no specimens. of
either from any of the Provinces in our region. These are described as
follows by Mr. Duthie in Hooker’s Flora of British India.

var. Paniala ; berries oval. FE. Paniala, Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 489;
Wight Ic. t. 616; Kurz For. Fl. 1,483. Syz. Panealla, Wall. Cat. 3557 2.
Calyptranthes cuneata, Ham. ?

var. obovata, Kurz For. FI. I, 482; leaves obovate or oblanceolate,
eymes more compact. Syz. obovatum, Wall. Cat. 3552, not of DC.
S. vastum, Wall. Cat. 3661. 8S. polyanthum, Thwaites ; not of Wight..

A third variety occurs in Perak but it has as.yet been ouly once
collected. It may be distinguished as follows. ;

var. coriacea ; leaves thicker than in the type and not dotted or
very obscurely dotted on the lower surface.

Perak: Wray 2725, at Matong on the sea-coast.

95. HuGenta nicoparica, King. A tree? Young branches rather
thinner than a goose-quill, terete, somewhat rough, grey. Leaves thinly
coriaceous, lanceolate or elliptic, the apex sub-acute, the base cuneate;

560

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 131

both surfaces (when dry) olivaceous-brown, the upper shining, with
the midrib and main-nerves depressed; the lower paler and dull;
main-nerves 5 to 8 pairs, faint on both surfaces; reticulations few,
faintly visible on the lower invisible on the upper surface; length of
the lanceolate form 2°5 to 3 in., of the elliptic form 3 to 4°5 in. ;
breadth respectively 1 to 1°5 in. and 1°5 to 2°5 in.; petiole °6 to ‘8 in.
Panicles numerous, crowded on the branches below the leaves, trichoto-
mous, I to 2 in. long, with a few divaricating, few-flowered branches.
Flowers in threes at the ends of the branchlets, ‘25 in. long (including
the stamens), sessile or on short, stout 4-angled pedicels, obovoid in
bud. Calyx ‘1 in. long, lengthening to -2 in. after fertilization, cam-
panulate with a 4 in. wide, truncate, irregularly toothed thickened mouth,
much narrowed to the base but not constricted into a pseudo-stalk.
Petals 4 orbicular, calyptrate. Fruit unknown. LH. occlusa, Kurz in
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 498 (not of Miquel).

Nicopar Istanps: Kurz.

This has been collected only in the Nicobar islands and there only by Kurz
who referred it to Syzygiwm occluswm, Mig. But it differs so much from an
authentic specimen of that species in the Horsfield collection and from Miquel’s own
description, that I have given it a new name.

96. Hucenta Jamponana, Lamk. Dict. III, 198. A small tree;
young branches thinner than a goose-quill, terete, very pale when dry.
Leaves coriaceous, rather variable, rotund-ovate to oblong-ovate, bluntly
and shortly acuminate, sub-acute or obtuse, slightly narrowed at the
base; both surfaces brown when dry, the under paler; nerves and
their connecting reticulations numerons, distinct when dry on both
surfaces but especially on the lower, intra-marginal nerve and midrib
prominent on the lower; length 2°5 to 4 in.; breadth 1°5 to 2°25;
petiole -6 to °75 in, Panicles from the branches below the leaves, much
branched ; the branches divaricate, all terete, many-flowered, longer
than the leaves. Flowers whitish, sessile, *4 in. across. Calyx cam-
panulate, suddenly contracted into a stout pseudo-stalk less than half
its length, the limb at first obscurely and broadly 4-toothed but
ultimately truncate. Petals 4, orbicular, rather more than ‘1 in. long,
calyptrate. Fruit ovoid-oblong, about the size of an olive, pulpy,
smooth, dark-purple, l-seeded. Ham. in. Wern. Soc. Trans. V, 342;
Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 484; Wight Ic. t. 585; Benth. Fl. Austral. III, 283;
Bedd. Fl. Sylv. I, t. 197; Brandis For. Fl. 233; Kurz in Journ. As.
Soc. Beng. XLVI, Pt. 2,67; For, Fl. I, 485. Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl,
Br. Ind. II, 499. Syz. Jambolanum, DC. Prodr. IIT, 259; Wall. Cat.
3560; W. and A. Prodr. I, 329; Dalz. and Gibs. Fl. Bomb. 93,
E. frondosa, Wall. Cat. 3560 G: not 3590. E. Moorei, F. Muell. Fragm.

V, 33. Oalyptranthes Jambolana, Willd. Sp. Pl. I, 975. 0. capitellata,

132 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Ham. in Wall. Cat. 3560.B. 2. earyophyllifolia, Lam. Dict. II, 198;
Roxb. Hort. Beng. 37; Fl. Ind. II, 486; Wight Ic. II, 553.
E. calyptrata, Roxb. Ie.1142? Syz. caryophyllifolium, DC. Prodr. III,
259; Wall. Cat. 3562 partly, and 3551, C.; Thwaites Enum. 116.
S. Jambolanum, var. mstcrocarpum, Thwaites Enum. 417; Wall. Cat.
3562 C. Syz. lateriflorum, Royle. Myrtus Cumini, Linn.: exclude syn.
Rumph. and Burm.—Pluk, Alm. t. 274, 2. Rheede Hort. Mal. V, t. 29.
Rumph. Herb. Amb. I. t. 41. H. obtusifolia, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 37; FI
Ind. II, 485; Wight Ic. t. 620. Janbolifera pedunculata, Gaertn. Fruct.
T, 78, t. 36.—Rumph. Herb. Amb. I, t. 42; (bad).

Not uncommon in cultivation in all the provinces and also in
British India but rarely wild in any of the Malay provinces. The fruit
although rather austere is eaten.

SPECIES OF DOUBTFUL POSITION.

The under-noted three species were described by. Mr. Duthie in Hooker’s Flora
of British India. They are all founded on scanty specimens collected by Maingay.
I quote the author’s descriptions verbatim.

E. fusiformis, Duthie; young branches 4-gonous, leaves petioled obovate- lensiear
late cuneate below eAvdonanesis pellucid-punctate, lateral nerves rather close, cymes
terminal compact branches angular and somewhat winged, flowers 2 or 3 together
on short pedicels, calyx-tube narrowly fusiform much produced above the ovary.

Matava: Maingay 743.

Bark yellowish. Leaves 43 by 3in., shining a little above, minutely dotted;
midrib and nerves dark-coloured; lateral nerves gniting within the margin; petiole
about 3in. Calyz-tube } in. in length and }in, across at the widest part; lobes 4,
rounded, reflexed after flowering. Style persistent, exserted portion equalling the
calyx-tube.—Closely allied to 2236 of Beccari’s Borneo plants.

E. maingayi, Duthie; leaves shortly petioled long oblong-lanceolate acuminate
rounded at the base, racemes short axillary or from the leafless axils of the rugged
lower branchlets, calyx-tube elongate clavate about 2 in. glandular, lobes 4 rounded
deciduous.

Mataya: Maingay 750.

Older branchlets with rugged corky bark, upper stout, terete, reddish. Leaves
43-74 by 13-24 in., indistinctly nerved above, midrib stout beneath; petiole % in.
Styie short, acute.—This plant seems to approach nearest to H. claviflora, and has a
general resemblance to H. borveensis, Miy. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 484 (Jambosa), but
the petioles of the latter are much longer. :

E. tumida, Duthie ; leaves oblong-ovate or obovate shortly acuminate narrowed
at the base closely nerved, cymes terminal and axillary equalling or exceeding the
leaves, calyx-tube =3, in. narrow swollen below the middle. ‘

Matacca : Maingay 755. ;

Branchlets terete, Leaves 23-3} in., chocolate-coloured above, rusty-yellow
beneath when dried ; lateral nerves slender, uniting close within the margin ; petiole
% in. Panicles lax, spreading; branches acutely angular. Calyx with 4 nearly
equal shallow lobes.—The petals are probably free, though not expanding. The
swollen part of the calyx-tube is occupied by the ovary.

562

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 133

9. Pseupo-EUGENTA, Scortechini.

Trees with opposite punctate leaves and few-flowered, axillary,
minutely bracteolate inflorescence. Calyx-tube turbinate or oblong, its
mouth with 4 small rounded lobes, and bearing a thin annular stamini-
ferous disc. Petals 4, orbicular, clawed. Stamens 8, in two rows;
filaments inflexed in bud; anthers small, 2-celled. Ovary 2-celled.
Style short. Ovules numerous, in several series on the placentas. Frit
as in Eugenia, 1- to 2-seeded. Distrip.—2 species, both Malayan.

A genus which differs from Eugenia chiefly in having only 8 stamens.

Leaves 4°5 to 6 in. long 1. P. perakensis.
» 1'5 to 2'5 in. long 2. P. singaporensis.

1. PSsEUDO-EUGENIA PERAKENSIS, Scortechini in Journ. Bot.
XXIII (1885), 153. A tree, 15 feet high; young branches thin,
terete. Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate, sightly narrowed
at the base, the apex with a slender obtuse acumen, pellucid-punctate,
the main-nerves close, inconspicuous on the upper surface, sub-hori-
zontal, interarching near the margin ; Jength 4°5 to 6 in.; breadth 1°5 to
2 in.; petioles short. Calyz-lobes incurved. Petals 4, small, free,
spreading, distant. Stamens short. Berry pisiform. Hugenta skiophila,
Duthie in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 486.

Penang: Maingay. PeraKx: Scortechini.

2. PSEUDO-BUGENIA SINGAPORENSIS, King n. sp. A tree, 30 to 40
feet high; young branches as thin as a crow-quill or thinner, terete,
smooth, dark-brown. Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate,
slightly narrowed at the base, the apex abruptly and bluntly acuminate ;
both surfaces (when dry), dull and of a uniform dark-brown colour ;
the upper with the midrib depressed and the main-nerves and reticu-
lations obscure; the lower minutely warted; the main-nerves numerous,
faint, interarching near the edge; length 1°5 to 2°5 in.; breadth ‘45 to °7
in.; petioles ‘1 to ‘15 in. Panicles shorter than the leaves, axillary,
few-branched and few-flowered ; the peduncle and branches very slender,
dark coloured, 4-angled. Flowers clavate in bud and greenish. Fruit
unknown. |

Srycapore : Ridley 2909 ; King’s Collector 1242, 5957, 8710.
Note.

In addition to the two species above described there are in the Calcutta Herb-
arium specimens of what appears to be a third species of this genus collected by
Mr. Harvey near Malacca. In these specimens the leaves are ovate with acute
apices and cuneate bases, and 5 to 7 pairs of ascending main-nerves rather promi-
nent on the lower surface. The leaves are from 3 to 4 inches long and about half
as much in breadth. The flowers measure about °3 in. in length and rise in pairs
from the stems below the leaves. Mr. Forbes also collected in Sumatra specimens
(Herb. Forbes 2889) of a small tree with elliptic, caudate-acuminate leaves

5630

134 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

cuneate at the base, which probably belong to a fourth species of Pseudo-eugenia.
The flower-buds of this, which measure less than *1 in. in length, are borne in pairs
below the leaves.

10. Barrineronta, Forst.

Trees. Leaves alternate, crowded towards the ends of the branches,
entire or slightly crenate-serrate, pinnate-nerved, not dotted. Flowers
in elongated terminal and lateral racemes, or in interrupted spikes;
bracts small, deciduous. Calyx-tube ovoid or turbinate, scarcely pro-
duced above the ovary; lobes 2—4, valvate, or 3-5, imbricate. Petals 4
rarely 5, much imbricate, somewhat adnate at the base to the staminal
tube. Stamens numerous, in several series, connate into a short tube at
the base; filaments filiform, long, all bearing anthers. Ovary inferior,
2-4-celled, crowned by an annular disc; style long, filiform, simple,
stigma small; ovules 2-8 in each cell, pendulous. Fruit fibrous or
somewhat berried, globose, ellipsoid or quadrangular, crowned by the
calyx, by abortion l-seeded. Seed ovoid or ellipsoid, without albumen ;
embryo large, exhibiting two layers, cotyledons nearly obsolete.
Disrris.—Species 25; in tropical Asia, Africa, Australia and Polynesia,
often near the sea.

Sect. I. Buronica. Calyx closed in bud and entire, ulti-
mately splitting into 2 or sometimes into 3 lobes:
flowers pedicelled.
Racemes short, erect or sub-erect; fruit conical.
Racemes terminal, erect; flowers 2°5 to 3 in. long
and of greater diameter; fruit angled but not
winged at the base... - ... 1. B. speciosa.
Racemes lateral or terminal, sub-erect; flowers
less than 1 in. in diam.; fruit with 8 dowa-
ward-pointing wings at the base ... .. 2. B. conoidea.
Racemes elongated, pendulous; fruit ovoid ... 3. B. racemosa.
Sect. II. Srravipium. Calyx with 4 (sometimes 8 or 5)
imbricate lobes,
Racemes terminal, erect, short, 1- to 3-flowered 4. B. pauciflora.
Racemes lateral, pendulous, elongate, many-flowered.
Flowers more than °5 in. across; leaves with
distinct petioles from 7°5 to 3 or 4 in. in length.
Flower-buds just before expansion abort ‘25 in.
long; fruit ovoid or elliptic, not angled or only
slightly so; rachis much thickened in frnit ... 5. B. macrostachya.
Flower-buds just before expansion more than *25
in. long; fruit oblong, 4-angled.
Main-nerves of leaves 6 or 7 pairs; fruit 3 in.
long; rachis of spike thickening slightly infruit 6. B. Scortechinii.
Main-nerves of leaves 9 to 12 pairs; fruit glab-
rous, acutely 4-angled, less than 2 in. long;
rachis of spike hardly thickening in fruit ... 7. B. swmatrana,

564

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 135

Main-nerves of leaves 8 to 12 pairs; fruit

minutely pubescent, 4 or 5 in. long; rachis of

spike thickening much in fruit... -. 8. B. musiformis,
Flowers less than °*5 in. across; leaves sessile

or with very short petioles.

Flowers pedicelled :—

Fruit fusiform dae dee «- 9. B. fusiformis.
Fruit, oblong truncate, boldly 4-angled --- 10. B, acutangula.
Flowers sessile or nearly so; fruit sub-globose 11. B. spicata.

J]. Barrinetonia speciosa, Forst. Char. Gen. t. 38 and t. 38 A and B.
A glabrous tree, 30 to 50 feet high ; young branches stout, grey. Leaves
thinly coriaceous, obovate-oblong or obovate, with broad rounded apex
and much narrowed base, sessile, entire ; main-nerves about 10 pairs, not
prominent; length 6 to 14 in.; breadth 3:5 to 7 in. Panicles short
(4 to 8 in. long) erect, terminal, with 1 or 2 leaf-like bracts at the base,
few-flowered. Flowers 6 to 12, large (2°5 to 3 in. long and 5 in. in
diam.), on long pedicels bracteolate at the base. Calya with 2 large
oblong, nerved (2 to 4 in.) lobes °75 to 1°25 in. long, persistent. Petals
4, white, larger than the calyx, (2°5 in. broad) deciduous. Stamens ©
very numerous, longer than the petals but shorter than the style. Fruit
large, shining, quadrangular-truncate at the base, tapering to the apex
and crowned by the persistent calyx, bluntly 4-angled, sometimes sub-
ovoid and less prominently angled, 3 in. or more in breadth at the base
and slightly more in length ; pericarp very thick, fibrous, spongy. Seeds
ovoid, 2 or more in, long. Flor. des Serres IV, 409 ; Linn. £. Suppl. 312 ;
DC. Prodr. III, 288; Roxb. Fl. Ind. I, 6386; Wall. Cat. 3632, excl. B;
Blume Bijdr. 1096; W. &-A. Prodr. 333; Wight Ic. t. 547; Mig. FI.
Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 485; Miers in Trans. Linn. Soe. Ser. II, Bot. 1, 55, t.
10; Kurz For. Fl. I, 496; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 507;
Trimen Flora Ceylon II, 189. JB. asiatica, Kurz in Journ. As. Soe.
1877, Pt. 2, 70. B. ? macrophylla, Miq. l.c. 491. Mammea asiatica, Linn.
Sp. Pl. 731. Agasta splendida, asiatica and indica, Miers l.c. 60-64,
tt. 11,12. Butonica, Ramph Herb. Amb. III, t. 114. :

In all the Provinces, on the sea-coasts: Distris.—The shores of
the Malay islands and British India; also of Australia and Polynesia.

The late Mr. Miers excluded from the genus Burringtonia everything except a
plant now known by an imperfect specimen preserved in the Banksian collection
and by Forster’s drawings, which latter represent a 4-celled fruit. The plant here
described to which Forster’s name had, prior to the issue of Mr. Miers’
monograph in the Linnwan Transactions, by common consent been given, is one of
three forms of the plant on which Miers founded the genus Agasta. On characters
largely based upon slight differences in the shape of the fruit, Miers distinguished
his three species Agasta splendida, asiatica and indica. The latest writers on

865

136 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Indian Botany who have dealt with the Indian Barringtonias (Mr. C. B. Clarke in
Hooker’s Flora of British India, and the late Dr. H. Trimen in his Flora of
Ceylon) adopt the view that obtained prior to the publication of Miers’ paper, and
they believe that the three species of Agasta of the latter author are merely forms
of the Barringtonia speciosa of Forster. If Miers’ arrangement, however, is to be
followed, the name of the plant occurring on the coasts of the Malay Peninsula
and of British India would be either Agasta indica or A. asiatica according to the
shape of the base of the fruit. Miers says of the fruit of the form which

he considers alone entitled to the name Barringtonia speciosa, fructus non vidi, and ~

he relies solely on Forster’s figure (Char. Gen. t. 38 B, fig. 6). In his account
of it that figure no doubt shows a 4-celled fruit. Whether or not Forster or his
artist had a fully-developed fruit before him when he made the drawing referred
to cannot be known. But however that may be, the characters, other than the
number of cells in the fruit of Forster’s Barringtonia and of Miers’ three Agastas
are practically alike, and I fail to see any good basis for the foundation on them
of four species belonging to two genera.

2. Barrinetonra conomed, Griff. Notul. 656. Ic. 635, 636, fig. 1.
A large bush or small tree, glabrous; young branches sub-sulcate.
Leaves thickly membranous, oblanceolate-elliptic or cuneate: oblong,
narrowed at the minutely subcordate or rounded base to the short, stout
petiole; the apex blunt or sub-acute; the edges obscurely crenate-
serrulate or subentire ; main-nerves 9 to 13 pairs, curved, ascending ;
length 45 to 10 in.; breadth 2 to4in.; petiole ‘lo to‘2in. Racemes
suberect, lateral or terminal, few-flowered, about 4 in. long, glabrous or
puberulous. Flowers less than 1 in. long and 1 in. across, on pedicels
-5 to 6 in. long. Calyx with a subcylindric tube, *15 in. long ; the base
with 8 gibbous processes; the limb bipartite. Petals 4, fleshy, ovate-
lanceolate. Stamens much exceeding the corolla. Fruit fibrous-fleshy,
conoid, produced at the base into 8 wing-like semi-cordate fleshy pro-
cesses and crowned at the apex by the calyx, 2°56 in. long and 1°75 in.
broad at the base. Kurz For. Flor. Burma I, 497; Clarke in Hook. fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. II, 508. B. alata, Wall. Cat. 3633. Butonica alata, Miers
in Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. II, Bot. I, 70, t. 14, figs. 10 to 15.

Mauacca: Griffith (Kew Dist. 2423). Perak: Scortechini 1385.
Burman: Wallich. |

At once distinguished by its curious conical fruit winged at the base.

8. Barrinctonia racemosa, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 52; Fl. Br. Ind.
II, 634. A glabrous tree, often 50 feet high; young branches rather
stout, cinereous. Leaves membranous, oblong-obovate or oblanceolate,
shortly acuminate, narrowed to the shortly petiolate base, faintly cre-
nate-denticulate; main-nerves 8 to 15 pairs, spreading or ascending,
thin but prominent on the lower surface when dry ; length 4 to 12 in. ;
breadth 2 to 4in.; petiole ‘1 to ‘25 in. Jtucemes much longer than
the leaves, (10 to 24 in. long) from the axils of fallen leaves or termiual,

566

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 137

pendulous, many-flowered, minutely bracteolate. Flowers distant, 15
to 2 in. in diam., on thin pedicels ‘2 to ‘3 in. long, buds globose.
Calyx turbinate, obconic, 2- or 3-partite, permanent: Petals 4, oblong.
Stamens very numerous, much longer than the calyx but shorter than
the style. Fruit as large as a hen’s egg and of much the same
shape, but somewhat 4-sided, nearly smooth, the pericarp leathery ; .
seed solitary ovate-oblong. DC. Prodr. III, 288; Wall. Cat. 3634;
W.& A. Prodr. 333; Wight Ic. t, 152, including fruit; Bot. Mag. t.
3831 ; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 94; Gaud. Voy. Freye. t. 107; Vidal,
F. Fl. Fil., t. 50a ; Kurz For. Fl. I, 496; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
II, 507; Trimen Flora Ceyl. II, 189. B. speciosa, Wall. Cat. 3632 B.
B. alba, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 487. Eugenia racemosa, Linn. Sp. Pl.
673. Stravidium album, DC. Prodr. III, 289. Butonica racemosa and
alba, Miers in Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. II, Bot. I, 65, 66, t. 13, figs. 1-17. |
B. rubra and inclyta, Miers l.c. 70, 71, t. 14, figs. 1-8, 19.—Rheede
Hort. Mal. IV, t. 6.

In all the provinces; on the sea shores. Duistris.—Brit, India,
Malayan Archipelago, Polynesia.

4. BaRRINGTONIA PAUCIFLORA, King n. sp. A tree, 30 or 40 feet
high ; young branches slender, glabrous, pale-brown when dry. Leaves
thickly membranous, broadly oblanceolate narrowed into the petiole at
the base; the apex suddenly and shortly caudate-acuminate; main-
nerves 8 to 10 pairs, curving upwards; length 3 to 4°5 in.; breadth
1:25 to 2 in.; petiole *4 to ‘8 in., slender. Raceme solitary, terminal,
erect, 15 to 2 in. long, bearing only 2 or 3 flowers or sometimes only a
single one. Flowers about 1°75 in. long. Calyx-tube funnel-shaped,
boldly 4-angled, sparsely rufous-furfuraceous, ‘4 in..long; the lobes 4,
ovate-rotund, blunt, shorter than the tube. Petals 4, obovate-oblong,
glabrous, 1 in. long. Stamens longer than the petals. Fruit unknown.

Perak: Scortechini 939 ; King’s Collector 6355.

5. Barrineronta macrostacuya, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng.
XLVI, Pt. 2, 71; For. Flora Burma II, 498. A glabrous shrub or
small tree; young branches pale-brown, striate. Leaves oblong-oblan-
ceolate or oblong-elliptic, narrowed to the long slender petiole, the apex
abruptly acuminate, the edges entire or with broad shallow crenations ;
main-nerves 14 to 18 pairs, curved, ascending, rather prominent beneath
when dry; length 5 to 12in.; breadth 2 to 5 in.; petiole 1 to 4°5 in.
Sptkes lateral (often extra-axillary) or terminal, pendulous, 1 to 2 feet
long, glabrous or puberulous, stout, rather fleshy and much thickened in
the fruiting stage; bracteoles minute, caducous. Flowers sessile,
crowded, nearly 2 inches long and | in. across when expanded. Calyz-
tube obconic, 4-angled, ‘25 in. long; the limb with 4 broad, blunt lobes

567

138 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

‘2 in. long. Petals oblong sub-acute, 1 in. long. Filaments twice ag:

long as the petals. Fruit broadly-ovoid or elliptic, smooth, not angled

or only slightly so, crowned by the small calyx-lobes, 1:5 to 2 in. long

and about 1:35 in. in diam. Clarke in Hook, fil. Fl. Br. Ind. If, 509
(excl. syn. B. pendula, Kurz and Doromma pendula, Miers). B. cylin-
drostachya, Griff. Notul. IV, 655. B. sarcostachys, Mig. F1. Ind. Bat. I,
Pt. 1, 490. Stravidium sareostachys, Blume in Van Houtte Fl. des
Serres, VII, 24. S. acuminatum, Wall. Cat. 3636. Dozomma macros-
tachywm, cylindrostachyum, acwminatum, Miers in Trans. Linn. Soc., Ser.
II, Bot. I, 104, 100, 102. Careya macrostachya, Jack in Mal. Misc. I,
47; DC. Prodr. III, 295.

Matacca: Maingay (K.D. 763); Griffith (K.D. 2421): Prwane:
Curtis 1581. Neori Sempizan: Ridley 1852. Perak: Scortechini (with-
out No.); Wray 1299, 2410, 3136, 3642, 3635 ; King’s Collector 3402, 3779,
4136, 10075, 10206, 10615. Dusrris.—Borneo, Burmah, Griffith ;
Gallatty.

This is allied to B. pendula, Kurz—a rare species from Southern Burma
originally described by Griffith as Careya pendula (Notule IV, 661). That
species, however, has narrower leaves than this with fewer nerves; the calyx-tube is
elongate, the stamens are only about one inch long; and the fruit is narrowly oblong,
boldly 4-angled, more than 2 in. long and only about ‘65 in. in diam. There is an
excellent drawing of this plant with full analyses of the fiowers in the Herb. Kew,
which was made from living specimens by the Rev. C. Parish. The species has.
been reduced in Hooker’s Flora of British India to B. macrostachya from which it
differs in the points above noted.

6. Barrineronta Scorrecaini, King n. sp. A glabrous ttee,.
50 to 60 feet high; young branches slender, pale-brown, glabrous.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, elliptic-oblong to oblanceolate-oblong, tapering
(often very much) to the petiole ; the apex acute or shortly acuminate ;
the margins entire or obscurely and minutely dentate; main-nerves
6 or 7 pairs, spreading, curved; length 3 to 6°5 in.; breadth
15 to 25 in.; petiole 5 to ‘8in, Sptkes lateral, pendulous, 6 to 18 in.
long, glabrous, rather slender but slightly thickening withage. Flowers
numerous, 1'5 to 2 in. long, narrow. Calyx-tube bracteate at the base,
glabrous, obconic, 4-angled, 25 in. long ; the 4 lobes. shorter than the tube,
broad, rounded. Petals oblong, blunt, -75in. long. Filaments 1°5 to 2 in.
long. Ovary 3-celled (usually). Fruit oblong, somewhat tapered but
truncate at each end: the apex mamillate crowned by the small calyx-
lobes, smooth, 3.in. long and 1 in. diam.

Perak: Scortechini 237, 395,. 1674, 2020; Wea 2087; King’s
Collector 3598, 3854, 6252 ; Curtis 1296.

There are two distinct forms under this species; one with oblong- er yi

5608

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 139

Yeaves and rather larger flowers; the other with leaves oblanceolate, more slen-
_der spike-rachis and smaller flowers, but the two pass into each other,

7, BARRINGTONIA SUMATRANA, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 315. A
glabrous tree; young branches pale, as thick as a goose-quill. Leaves
coriaceous, elliptic or oblong-elliptic tapering much to the base, the
apex shortly and rather abruptly acuminate, the edges obscurely serrate
or entire, slightly wavy somewhat recurved when dry; upper surface
shining when dry, the lower dull and paler, both minutely reticulate ;
main-nerves 9 to 12 pairs, thin but prominent; length 4°5 to 7°5 in. ;
breadth 1:4 to 3 in.; petiole °75 to 2 in., thickened at the base. Spikes
axillary and terminal, pendulous, angled, glabrous, 9 to 15 in. long, not
thickening in fruit, Flowers numerous, more than 1 in. long and nearly
as much across, sessile. Calyx ‘5 in. long; the tube infundibuliform
acutely 4-angled ; the lobes half as long as the tube, broadly ovate, con-
cave, spreading. Petals broadly oblong, very blunt, *65in. long. Stamens
°75 in. long or more. Style slender, 1:6in. long. Fruit oblong, some-
what tapered to the base, less so to the calyx-crowned apex, acutely
4-angled, smooth and shining, 1°75 in. long, and ‘65 in. in diam.

Singapore: Ridley 277, 2056. Sumatra: Miguel (Herb. Bogor
4536). CrLmses: Beccari. |

8. BaRRINGTONIA MusIFoRMIS, Kingn.sp. A large tree, 60 to 80 feet
high; young branches as‘thick as the fore finger, brownish, glabrous.
Leaves thinly coriaceous, entire, or obscurely crenate towards the apex,
oblong-oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic-oblong, much tapered to the
long slender petiole, the apex shortly acuminate ; main-nerves 8 to ]2
pairs, curved, ascending, not conspicuous; length 5 to 10 in.; breadth
1:75 to 3°25 in.; petiole 75 to 2°25 in. thickened at the fade Spikes
axillary, suberect, 12 to 14 in. long, stout, striate, thickening to °6 in.
in diameter or more in fruit, the cicatrices of the fallen flowers very
prominent, scurfy-puberulous. Flowers large, sessile. Calyx campanu-
late, 1:25 in. in diam. at the mouth, densely but minutely rusty-pubes-
cent; the tube subcylindric, only ‘2 in. long; the 4 lobes large, ovate-
aibind, blunt, *75 in. long. Petals 4, concave, rotund, seurfy outside.
Fruit narrowly-oblong, 4-angled, sub-truncate at each end, the upper
crowned by the calyx and the 2 inch long style, minutely pubescent,
4 or 5 in. long, and 1 to 1°5 in. thick.

Perak: King’s Collector 5746, 6154.

I have seen no expanded flowers of this as the collected specimens are either
in bud or in fruit. Its nearest allies are B. augusta, Kurz, B. pterocarpa, Kurz,
and Dozomma magnificum Miers, but all these have much smaller flowers and their
leaf petioles are very short. The ripe fruit of this resembles in shape a‘ small
banana, but the endocarp and pericarp have a very different texture, being in this
densely fibrous.
7 569

140 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

9. BARRINGTONIA FUSIFORMIS, King n. sp. A small tree, 10 to 20
feet high; young branches slender, puberulous, pale when dry. Leaves
membranous, oblanceolate or obovate-oblong, narrowed to the cordate
base, sessile or sub-sessile; the apex obtuse or acute; the edges
remotely serrate becoming almost entire when old; main-nerves 12 to
16 pairs, curved, ascending, slightly prominent on the lower surface
when dry; length 4 to 8 in.; breadth 1°4 to 2:4 in.; petiole (if present)
only ‘05 in. long. Racemes axillary, very slender, pendulous, much
exceeding the leaves, lax, minutely rusty-pubescent, 1 to 2 feet long,
surrounded at the base by a whorl of lanceolate persistent bracts ‘5 in.
long. Flowers ‘4 in. across, distant, on slender pedicels 1 in. long; the
bracteole at the base of each pedicel lanceolate, deciduous. Calya 3 in.
long; the tube obconic, densely rusty-puberulous; the teeth 4, broad,
rounded, less puberulous than the tube. Petals slightly longer than
the calyx, broadly obovate. Stamens three times as long as the petals.
Fruit fusiform, tapering almost equally to each end; the apex crowned
by the small calyx, 4-angled, deciduously rusty-pubescent, 2°25 in. long
and only ‘5 in. in diam.

Perak: Scortechini ; King’s Collector 10388, 10643, 10094.

The very long flower pedicels and the narrowly fusiform fruit distinguish this
from all the other species.

10. BaARRINGTONIA ACUTANGULA, Gertn. Fruct. IJ, 97,t.101. A gla-
brous tree, 25 to 50 feet high ; young braiiches thin, pale-grey, glabrous.
Leaves obovate-oblong, or cuneate-elliptic, much narrowed to the shortly
petiolate base, the apex broad rounded or subacute, the edges minutely
denticulate or cuneate: main-nerves 10 to 13 pairs, spreading, not
prominent; length 2 to5 in.; breadth 1:1 to 2 in. ; petiole ‘15 to ‘2 in.
Racemes much exceeding the leaves, slender, pendulous, many-flowered,
from 6 to L5in. long. Flowers ‘3 or ‘4 in. across, in slender pedicels
from ‘05 to *25 in. long. Calyx with short tube and 4 rounded, regular,
ciliate teeth. Petals small, under -25 in. long. Filaments about three
times as long. Fruit oblong or oblong-ovoid, truncate at both ends,
crowned by the small calyx, glabrous, boldly but bluntly quadrangular,
1:25 to 1°5 in. long. Roxb. Fl. Ind. IT. 685; Blume Bijdr. 1097; W. & A.
Prodr. 333; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1, 488; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb.
Fl. 95; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 204; Brand. For. Fl. 235; Kurz For. FI.
Burm. I, 497; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 508; Trimen Flora
Ceylon II, 191. Stravidiwm rubrum, DC. l.c. 289. S. acutangulum,
Miers in Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. II, Bot. I, 80 t. 17 figs. 1 to 14. S. obtus-
angulum and S. Rheedii, Blume in Van Houtte Flore des Serres VII,
24; Miers Lc. Eugenia acutangula, Linn. Sp. Pl. 673.

I include this species as Malayan with some hesitation. Most of the Malayan

570

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 141

specimens bearing the name I would refer to B. spicata, Bl. It is however a widely
distributed and common tree in India and particularly so in Burma and it is quite
likely to occur in Quedah and the northern part of Perak. :

11.. Barrineronra spicata, Blume Bijdr. 1097. A tree, 30 or 40 feet

high; young branches slender, smooth, brown when dry. Leaves oblong-
oblanceolate, tapering to the short petiole, the apex acute or sub-
acute, the edges distinctly serrate-dentate ; main-nerves 8 to 10 pairs,
curving slightly, ascending ; length 4 to 8 in.; breadth 1:4 to 2-4 in.;
petiole °2 to 3 in. Spikes axillary or terminal, exceeding the leaves,
very slender, pendulous ; bracteoles minute, caducous. Flowers small,
numerous but not crowded, sessile or with a very short pedicel, about
‘5 in. in diameter when expanded. Calyx with obconic, rusty-pubescent
tube less than ‘1 in. long, and 4 broad, rounded teeth half as long.
Stamens *5 in. long. Fruit sub-globose, glabrous, crowned by the
enlarged calyx-lobes, about ‘6 in. in diam. Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt.
1, 489; Vriese Ned. Kruidk. Arch. III, 41. Stravidiwm spicatum, DC.
Prodr. III, 289; Blume in Van Houtte Flore des Serres VII, 24.
S. spicatum and globoswum, Miers in Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. II, Bot. 1,
85, Gustavia globosa, Span. Trans. Linn, Soc. XV, 204. P Stravidium
denussum, pubescens, reticulatum, Horsfieldit and serratum, Miers l.c. 81 to
86. ?S. coccineum, DC. Prodr. III, 289; Miers l.c.
_. Matacca: Griffith (K.D.) 2425; Derry 1221 ; Maingay (K.D.) 765.
Prenana: Curtis 397. Trana: King’s Collector 1404. Perak: King’s
Collector 4681. Province Wetwescey: Ridley 7043, DistRrip.—Java,
Borneo ; Motley 537, 582; Zollinger Cat. 534.

This resembles B. acutangula, Gertn., but differs in having sessile flowers,
shorter stamens, and sub-globose not elongated angular fruit. The leaves also are
less obovate. It is a widely distributed species and therefore presents various
forms, many of which have been treated as species.

11. Prancuonta, Blume.

Trees with alternate, membranous, crenulate, pinnately-nerved leaves
without dots, crowded towards the ends of the branches. Flowers white
or yellowish-green, in short terminal racemes. Calyx-tube turbinate,
little produced beyond the ovary; its mouth with 4 imbricate lobes,
Petals 4, imbricate. Stamens very numerous, in several series, slightly
united at the base into a ring, the inner without anthers, the filaments
of all long and slender. Ovary inferior, 3— 4-celled, crowned by an
annular disc. Style 1, long, slender, crowned by the small stigma;
ovules many in each cell. Fruit large, fibrous, ovoid, crowned by the
persistent calyx-lobes, 1-3-celled. Seeds several, ellipsoid, the testa
coriaceous, albumen absent, cotyledons short. Dustris.—Three species ;
littoral, from the Andaman islands to Australia.

O71
; é

142 Materials fora Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

‘Leaves obovate, distinctly crenulate; flowers sessile wer iL. . BP. sundraea.
Leaves broadly elliptic, obscurely crenulate; flowers on
long pedicels sa ae
1. Prancuonta sunpraca, Mig. A tree, 50 feet high; young
branches thicker than a goose-quill, the bark rough, pale-brown. Leaves
distinctly crenulate, obovate, much and gradually narrowed into the
petiole; the apex with a short triangular apiculus; both surfaces
brown (when dry), the reticulations faint: main-nerves 12 to 18 pairs,
spreading, depressed on the upper prominent and often pale in colour
on the lower surface ; length 3 to 65 in.; breadth 1:75 to 3 in.; petiole
‘3 to °6 in. Racemes 2 in. long, few-flowered. Flowers white with
pink towards the centre, about 1:5 in. long, sessile. Calyz-tube ‘6 or
‘7 in. long, campanulate, ribbed below: the lobes oblong, broad, subacute.
Petals narrowly oblong, acute, longer than the calyx and about as long
as the stamens. Fruit (unripe) broadly oblong-ovoid.

2. P. andamanica.

Perak: Wray 2366; King’s Collector 7096. Distris.—Sumatra,

Forbes 3254.

2. PLANCHONIA ANDAMANICA, King n. sp. A tree; young branches
as thick as a goose-quill, pale-brown, smooth. Leaves broadly elliptic
or elliptic-rotund, slightly and abruptly tapered into the narrowly
winged petiole, the apex with a short triangular acumen, the edges
indistinctly crenulate ; upper surface olivaceous-brown, the lower pale-
brown, not olivaceous; main-nerves 10 to 12 pairs, spreading, dark on
the upper and pale on the lower surface but not very bold on either,
length 5 to 7 in.; breadth 3 to 4 in.; petioles ‘6 to ‘8 in. Racemes
3 or 4in. long; the flowers about 2 in. long on stalks 1 to 2 in. long.
Calyz ‘8 or 9 in. long, campanulate, its lobes large, elliptic-rotund,
obtuse. Petals broadly elliptic, very obtuse. Fruit unknown.

Anpaman Is~anps: King’s Collector.

2 OO OOOO OOOO res

572

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46 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. -

111.—Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.—By Siz GuorGe
Kine, K.C.1.E., M.B., LL.D., F.R.S., &e., late Superintendent of the
Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta.

No. 13.

The present contribution carries these Materials to the end of the
Calyciflore. The orders included in it are Datiscacese, Droseraceez,
Passifloracexe, Begoniacex, Ficoidex, Umbellifere, and Cornacee. It has
not been possible for me to prepare my account of the Calycifloral orders
in the exact sequence followed in Hooker’s Flora of British India; each
order, however, bears the ordinal number given to it in that work. The
species described in the present paper are 47 in number, and of these
fourteen belonging to the genus Begonia, and two belonging to Mastizia,
are new to science. I hope in future contributions to take up the
orders belonging to the groups Corolliflore and Incompletez.

Order LXVII. DATISCACEZ.

Trees or herbs. Leaves petioled, simple or pinnate; stipules 0.
Flowers small, dicecious in the Indian species, clustered, racemed or
panicled. Mate: calyx-tube short, teeth 3-9; petals 0; stamens 4-25,
Femate: calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, lobes 3-8 short; petals 0;
ovary l-celled, open or closed at the vertex; styles lateral, alternating
with as many parietal placente, simple or 2-partite; ovules very many,
ascending or horizontal. Capsule coriaceous or membranous, opening
at the vertex between the styles. Seeds very many, small, albuminous;
embryo straight, radicle next the hilum.—Drsrris. Species 4; natives
of the Mediterranean, Central Asia, Java, and North-West America.

TETRAMELES, R. Br.

A large tree. Leaves petioled, ovate, pubescent beneath at least on
the nerves. Flowers dicecious, appearing before the leaves; males
panicled, females in elongate racemes, clustered near the ends of the

branchlets. Mate: ealyx-lobes short; teeth 4, ovate, one or two —

smaller teeth sometimes added ; petals 0 ; stamens 4, opposite the calyx-
teeth, inserted round a depressed disc; rudiment of the ovary 0 or
quadrangular. FeMmaALe: calyx-tube ovoid; teeth 4 short; petals 0;
styles 4, short, stigmas simple somewhat club-shaped. Capsule ovoid,
with 4 lines or slight ridges, membranous, opening at the top between
the styles. Seeds very many, minute, flattened, ellipsoid, testa very lax
and extending much beyond the nucleus as a loose membrane.
574

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 47

1, T. nupirtora, R. Br. in Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar. 79, t. 17; A.DC.
Prodr. XV. pt I. 411; Bedd. FI. Sylv. t. 212; Brand. Yor. Fl. 245: Kurz
For. Fl. 535; Clarke in Hook. f., Flor. Brit. Ind. IT, 657. 7’. Graham-
tania, Wight Ic. t. 1956;-A.DC. l.c. TT. rufinervis, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat.
I. pt. I. 726; A.DC. lic. Anictoclea Graham-iana, Nimmo in Grah. Cat.
Bomb. Pl. 252.—Indeterminata, Wall. Cat. 9045.

Andaman Islands; Kurz.—Duistris. Hastern Himalaya, Burma

and Java.
Order LIV. DROSERACEA.

Herbs with large glandular hairs, exuding a viscid fluid. Flowers
hermaphrodite, regular. Petals 5 hypogynous, rarely perigynous, thin,
nerved, imbricate, marcescent, free or slightly united. Stamens 4 to 20,
hypogynous or slightly perigynous; filaments free or slightly monadel-
phous, subulate or filiform: anthers 2-celled; disc none. Ovary free or
adherent by its base to the calyx, globose or ovoid, 1-celled; styles 5,
sometimes 3, simple or bifid; st¢gmas capitate; placentas parietal, equal
in number to the styles; ovules and seeds numerous. Capsule mem-
branous, 1-to 5-celled. Seeds with fleshy albumen; embryo cylindric or
minute.—Distrib. Species about 100; in temperate and tropical regions
generally, but absent from the Pacific Islands.

Drossra, Linn.

Small perennial herbs. ‘Leaves radical and rosulate, or cauline and
alternate, bearing many large glandular viscid hairs, usually circinate |
in vernation, with scarious stipules adnate to the petiole, or exstipulate.
Calyx persistent, free from the ovary, 4-to 8-partite or sepals free.

Petals 4 to 8, hypogynous or very slightly perigynous, marcescent.
Stamens equal in number to the petals, hypogynous or slightly perigyn-

ous. Ovary l-celled; styles 2 to 5; ovules parietal, numerous. Capsule
loculicidally 2-to 5-valved. Seeds numerous, obovoid-ellipsoid (in the
Indian species); testa black, smooth, reticulate——Dtstris. Species
about 90, cosmopolitan, but absent in Polynesia; Australia.

Leaves cuneate-spathulate, all radical wae ww» LD. Burmanni.
Leaves peltate-lunate with long narrow petioles, somé

radical the others cauline bi os ... 2D. peltata.
Leaves linear, all cauline ' ee. 3D. indica.

1. Drosera Bormawnnt, Vahl 1 Sybil IIT, 50. Leaves all radical,
rosulate, cuneate-spathulate, ‘5 to 1:5 in. long, stipules half as long as
the petiole. Peduncles erect, 3 to 8 inches high, naked, glabrous. Flowers
racemose, their pedicels glabrous, erect in fruit; calyx minutely papil-
lose: styles 5, simple. Don, Prod. Fl. Nep. 212; DC. Prod. I, 318;

Roxb. Fl. Ind., II, 113; Wall. Cat. 1242; Wight, Ill. t. 20; Wight, Te.
) 575

48 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

944; W. & A. Prod. Fl. Penins. Ind. 34; Planch. in Ann. Se. Nat.
Ser. III. Vol. IX, 190; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat., Vol. 1, pt. II, 120; Suppl,
160; Hf. & Th. in Journ. Linn. Soc. II., 82; Dalz. & Gibs. Fl. Bomb.,
12; Kurz in Journ., As. Soc., Beng., 1876, pt. IJ, 310; Clarke in Hook.
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II,-424; Trimen, FI. Ceyl. pt. II, 145.

Matacca: Province Wellesley, and probably in the other provinces.—
Distris. British India, Ceylon, the Malay Archipelago, China, Japan
Africa, Australia, up to elevations of 8,000 feet.

2. Drosera PeLtTaTa, Sm. ex Willd. Sp. Pl. I, 1546. Stem erect,
leafy, 3 to 12 in. high, simple or branched near the apex. Leaves sub-
rosulate, also scattered and alternate on the stem, peltate-lunate, with
very long glandular hairs, ‘2 to °25 in. broad (including the radiating
hairs) ; the.petiole much longer than the laminz, very slender. Raceme:
1 to 3 in. long, terminal or sub-terminal; flower-pedicels ‘35 to °75 in.
long, glabrous. Sepals ovate, glabrous, erose or fimbrirate. Styles 3, fim-
briate. Seeds asin D. indica, III. DC. Prod. 1,319; Sm. Exot. Bot., I,
41; Don Prod. Fl. Nep., 212; Wight. t.,20; W, & A. Prod. Fl. Penins.
Ind., I; 34; Planch. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. III, Vol. IX, 296; Kurz in
Journ. As. Soc. Beng., 1876, pt. 2, 310; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.,
II, 424; Trimen, Fl. Ceyl. pt. II, 146. D. lunata, Ham.: DC. Prod. 1,
319; Wall. Cat., 1248; Hook. Ic. Pl. 54; Planchon l.c., 296; Mig. FI.
Ind. Bat., IT, Pt. 2,120. D. lunata, gracilis et D. foliosa, Hook. fil. Journ.
Linn. Soc., II, 82; 297, 298. D. Lobbiana Turcz. (fide Kurz).

Matacca, Sincarory, and probably in some of the other provinces.—
Distris. Malay Archipelago, British India, and Australia.

3. Drosera rnpica, Linn. Sp. Pl. 282. Stem 2 to 12 in. long,
decumbent, usually simple. Leaves alternate, scattered, 1 to 3 in. long,
linear, not much broader thau the glabrous petiole, very glandular-
pubescent. Racemes 2 to 6 in. long, leaf-opposed ; flower-pedicels °35
to ‘75 in. long, rusty-pubescent. Sepals lanceolate, minutely glandulose
or sub-glabrous. Styles 3, bifid to the base. Seeds obovoid, much reti-
culate not scrobiculate. DC. Prod., I, 319; Roxb. Fl. Ind., II, 1138; Wall.
Cat., 1244; Wight Ill. t., 20; W. & A. Prod. Fl. Penins, Ind., 34:
Planch. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser., III, Vol. 1X, 209; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat., Vol.
I, Pt. 2, 120; Hf. & Th. in Journ. Linn. Soc. II, 82; Dalz. & Gibs.
Fl. Bomb., 12; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc Beng., 1876, Pt. 11,310; Trimen

Fl. Ceyl., Pt. II, 146; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind., Il, 424.

D. Finlaysoniana, Wall. Cat., 3752. D. serpens, Planch. l.c., 204.— Rheede,
Hort. Malab., X, t. 20.

Manacca: Province Wellesley, and probably in the other provin-
ces.—Drstris. British India, Ceylon, Malayan Archipelago, tropical
Australia, and Africa. Tks,

576

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 49
Order LI. PASSIFLOREL.

Twining herbs or shrubs, rarely erect. Leaves alternate, stipulate,
entire or lobed, penni- or palmi-nerved, frequently glandular beneath.
Petiole usually bearing glands. Stipules foliaceous or minute, Tendrils
axillary or 0. Inflorescence axillary, cymose, sometimes with one or
more branches cirrhose, rarely flowers solitary. Bracteoles 3, minute and
scattered, or foliaceous and forming an epicalyx, rarely 0. Flowers |
regular, unisexual, or bisexual. Calyx tubular at the base, fleshy, sub-
coriaceous or membranous; segments imbricate, 5. Petals 0 oras many
as the calyx-lobes, springing from the tube of the calyx, membranous
or fleshy, imbricate, marcescent. Corona of one or more rows, filament-
ous or membranous or both, arising from various portions of the calyx-
tube, rarely 0; basilar corona urceolate or cup-shaped, surrounding the
base of the andreecium, sometimes represented by five separate glands
of the disc; rarely 0. Stamens 5, in a tube or free to the base, perigyn-
ous; anthers oblong, 2-celled, basi- or dorsi-fixed, dehiscing laterally or
introsely. Ovary superior, on a gynophore or subsessile, 1-celled with
3 parietal placentas, rudimentary or absent in the male flowers. Styles
1 or 3; stigmas reniform, capitate or flattened. Ovules: numerous, pen-
dulous, anatropus; funicle expanded into a cup-shaped arillus. Fruit
baccate or capsular. Seeds numerous, ovoid or flattened, often pitted,
covered with a fleshy arillus; albumen fleshy, rarely scanty; embryo
straight, cotyledons flat leafy, radicle short terete.—Disrars. : Chiefly
tropical; most numerous in South America. Genera about 18; species

about 320.

Erect shrubs, without tendrils ... Jes <«s'1) kr DARORSER.
Scandent, with tendrils :— -
Fruit pulpy, indehiscent ; flowers large ... ... 2 PASSIFLORA.
Fruit dehiscent; flowers small — . Ye .. o& ADENIA,

1. Paropsta, Noronh.

Shrubs. Leaves simple. Flowers in dense axillary cymes. Calyz-
tube short; limb 5-parted. Petals 5, springing from the base of the
calyx-tube. Corona of fine threads springing from the tube of the calyx
_and more or less divided into five phalanges. Gynophore short; fila-
ments flat; anthers oblong. Ovary subglobose. S/yle short, dividing
into three branches; stigmas reniform-capitate. Frwit capsular.—Dis-
TRIB. Species 4 or 5, natives of tropical Africa and Malaya.

P. yarecrrormis, Mast. in Trans. Linn. Soc., XX VII, 639. A shrub
or small tree. Leaves subcoriaceous, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute
or shortly acuminate, the base cuneate, the edges entire or (rarely)
minutely serrate ; both surfaces glabrous except the glandular puberulous

577

50 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

midrib and nerves; the lower with numerous minute adpressed scales ;
main 6 or 7 pairs spreading, curved; length 2°5 to 5-25 in., breadth
1 to 1-75 in., petiole ‘1 to ‘2in. Flowers about ‘5 in. in diam., on short,
rusty-tomentose pedicels ‘15 in. long. Calya campanulate, leathery,
ad pressed-villose outside like the pedicels, the lobes much longer than
the tube, unequal, oblong, subacute. Petals oblanceolate, smaller than
the calyx-lobes. Corona single, very short, lanate, in 5 phalanges.
Stamens 5. Gynophore shorter than the corona; ovary villose. Fruit
ovoid or sub-globose, ‘5 to ‘7 in. across. Masters in Fl. Br. Ind., II, 600.
P. malayana, Planch. ex Masters Lc. Trichodia vareciformis, Griff.
Notul., IV, 571.

Maracca: Griffith, Manigay, and others. Perak: Scortechini,
King’s Collector; a common plant.

I can find no constant characters to separate the two species into which this
plant has been divided in the Flora of British India and therefore unite them under
the oldest specific name.

2. PasstFiora, Linn.

Twining shrubs. Leaves simple or palmilobed; usually with glands
on the under surface and on the petiole; stipules thread-like or leafy.
Flowers pedunculate; often involucrate; peduncles simple or cymose:
Bracteoles 3, small, scattered. Calyzx-tube fleshy, limb 5-lobed. Petals
D, springing from the throat of the calyx. Corona of one or more rows
of fine threads springing from the throat of the calyx-tube and of one
or more membranous folds arising lower down. Gynophore. surrounded
at the base by a shallow membranous cup or basilar corona; filaments
5, flat; anthers oblong, 2-celled, dorsifixed; pollen-grains reticulate on
the surface. Ovury 1-celled ; styles 3, stigmas reniform-capitate. Fruit
baccate. Seeds arillate.—Disrris. A genus of about 250 species which
are most numerous in tropical and sub-tropical America.

PassIFLORA HorsFiELDI, Blume, Rumphia, I, 170, t. 52. A slender
climber; young branches slightly quadrangular, slender, striate, al-
most glabrous. Leaves membranous, oval or oblong-ovate, subacute
sometimes retuse, the base rounded and minutely emarginate ; upper
surface pale-brown when dry, shining, glabrous, minutely reticulate ;
lower surface when young sometimes with sparse deciduous hairs, but
more usually glabrous from the first, always dull and whitish and with
a few flat dark-coloured glands, the transverse veins and reticulations
very distinct; main-nerves about 5 pairs, ascending, faint; length 4 to
6 in.; breadth 2°5 to 3:25 in.; petiole ‘6 to ‘9 in., with two oval flat glands
near its middle. Inflorescence shorter than the leaves, axillary, about
5-flowered, the flowers 1°25 to 1°5 in. in diam., on slender long pedicels,
white tinged with green; corona double, the outer with long erect

578

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 51

filamentous segments; the inner about one-fourth as long, its segments
few, lanceolate, incurved. Stamens 5; the filaments spreading, clavate ;
anthers dorsifixed, oblong. Ovary ovoid, hirsute, the gynophore nearly
as long as the outer corona; styles long, recurved. Fruit subglobular,
‘75 in. in diam. Disemma Horsfieldit, Miq., Fl. Ind. Bat., I, Pt. 1, 700.

Perak; Scortechini 655, 2,192; King’s Collector 3,078, 4,104, 5,936,
Distris.—Java and Madura.

This is apparently the only species really indigenous in the Malayan Peninsula.
There are, however, four American species which have escaped from cultivation.
These are :—

P. suberosa, L. A small species with diversely shaped leaves, flowers little more
than half-an-inch in diameter and ovoid fruits about the same in length.

P. foetida, L. A species with variable leaves, emarginate at the base, often
3-lobed ; recognisable at once by its foetid flowers and 3-leaved fimbriate involucre.

P. edulis, Sims. With deeply 3-lobed serrate leaves, flowers more than an inch
across; and globular edible fruit. This is often cultivated under the name of
Granadilla.

P. quadrangularis, L. A large species with boldly 4-angled stems; handsome
fragrant, purple flowers banded with white, 3 to 5in. across; broadly ovate leaves
and large oblique ovate-oblong stipules.

P. laurifolia, L. A more slender species than the last and with smaller flowers
of similar colour, with a large 3-leaved or 3-partite involucre of broad segments,
and of long filiform stipules; the leaves broadly oblong, entire and shortly apiculate.

:

3. ApeENIA, Forsk.

Scandent. Leaves entire or palmilobed, usually with two or more
flat circular glands on the under surface and with similar glands at the
apex of the petiole. Cymes axillary, few or many-flowered, on long
peduncles, one or more of which is sterile and tendril-like. MALE FLOWER:
Calyz tubular or bell-shaped ; limb 5-lobed, lobes leathery, imbricate.
Petals 5, free, membranous, l-nerved, springing from the calyx-tube.
Corona a ring of threads arising from near the base of the calyx-tube,
or wanting. (Glands of the disc 5, opposite the sepals, strap-shaped or
capitate. Andreeciwm cup-shaped, membranous beneath ; filaments 5,
linear-subulate; anthers linear-oblong, 2-celled. Ovary rudimentary or
O. Femate rrower: Calyx and corolla as in the male. Corona a mem-~
branous fold, springing from near the base of the calyx-tube, or none.
Glands of the disc 5, strap-shaped, capitate, opposite the sepals. Stamz-
nodes 5, forming a membranous cup surrounding the base of the ovary,
above dividing into barren filaments. Ovary globose or elliptic, sessile
or stalked; style cylindrical or none; stigmas 3, capitate or flat and
dilated. Fr wit capsular, 3-valved. » Seeds numerous, attached by long
funicles to parietal placentas.—Distrts. About 40 enc natives of
the tropics of the Old World. ;

579

ot
bo

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Note.—The name used for this genus in Hooker’s Flora of British India is
Modecca, Lamk. which dates from 1797. Following Engler, I have here used
Forskal’s name Adenia, which dates from 1775

Leaves always deeply 3-lobed ire he ...« 1A. trilobata,

Leaves entire :-—

Leaves minutely peltate at the base; lobes of calyx
long, narrow and reflexed ... em ... 2A, nicobarica.
Leaves cordate at the base :—
Base broadly and deeply cordate, main-nerves
radiating from the base: flowering peduncles

up to 6 in. long Sis me ... 3&8 A. cardiophylla.
Base slightly cordate: main-nerves pinnate: 4 A. populifolia var.
flowering peduncles less than 2 in. long as pentamera.

Leaves not cordate at the base or only occasionally very
slightly so: main-nerves usually 2 sometimes 3 pairs :—

Nerves and reticulations of leaves distinct .. 5 A, acuminata.
Nerves and reticulations of leaves invisible, the lower
surface of the leaves whitish as ... 6 A, singaporeana.

1. AventA TRILOBATA, Engl. Jahrb., XIV, 375. Many feet in length,
glabrous, the bark on the old shoots cinereous, oun the young smooth
green. Leaves remote, membranous, broadly cordate at the base, deeply
3-lobed; the lobes lanceolate, the two outer often auriculate at the
base, the siguses wide, rounded, and each bearing a small gland; main-
nerves 5, palmate; the lateral nerves and the reticulations few; length
6 to9 in.; width 4°5 to 65 in.; petioles from half as long to monte as long
as the iene tadun: terete, sa fei not enlarged at the base, the apex
with two conical recurved glands. Peduncles slender, smooth, terete,
axillary, longer than the petioles, umbellulately cymose; flowers few,
‘3 to ‘5 in. long, the females somewhat longer than the males. Calyx
tubular, the lobes short, oblong, subacute. Petals narrowly oblong,
inserted near the. base of the calyx-tube. Filuments united into a tube
springing from the fundus of the calyx; anthers linear-oblong, abruptly
acute, the connective produced into a minute point. Glands narrowly
oblong, blunt, incurved. Staminodes in female flower united into a
membranous cup. udimentary ovary in male flower trifid. Fruit
oblong, scarlet, from 2 to 2°5 in. long when ripe, and 1'5 in. in diam.
Seeds compressed, sub-obcordate or sub-rotund, scrobiculate, the arillus
thin, clear. Modecca trilobata, Roxb. Hort. Beng., 49; Roxb. Corom.
Plant. III, t.297; Fl. Ind., II], 183; Wall. Cat., 1234; Kurz, in Journ.
As. Soc., Beng., 1877, II, 95; Masters in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind., II, 602.

ANDAMAN IsLANDS; common.—Disrris. Northern parts of ini
India and Burma. '

2. ADENIA NicopaRIcA, King. Slender and _ slightly Beanie
glabrous Stems minutely sulcate, thin, wiry. Leaves membranous,

580 3

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 53

entire, narrowly elliptic-oblong or lanceolate; the base rounded and
minutely bi-glandular, slightly peltate; the apex acuminate, rarely
abruptly acute; both surfaces shining; main-nerves only about 4 pairs,
interarching broadly and far from the edge; intermediate nerves
horizontal; reticulations wide; length 2°5 to 4°5 in.; width °6 to 1°8 in. ;
petiole ‘4 to ‘8in., compressed, not enlarged at the base. Peduncles
longer than the petioles but much shorter than the leaves, bearing a
filiform tendril and only one or two flowers. Flowers rather less than
‘5 in. long, green. FeMALE FLOWER unknown. Mate FLOWER ‘4: to ‘5 in. long
Calyx campanulate, deeply divided into 5 linear-oblong, subacute, much
reflexed lobes. Petals shorter than the calyx and inserted into it below
the middle, membranous, reticulate, oblanceolate, their apices truncate
and broad. Glands short, oblong, truncate. Anthers about equal to the
petals, oblong, obtuse, cordate at the base; the filaments united into
a wide tube. Fruit elliptic-oblong, tapered to each end, from 1°5 to
2:3 in. long, and ‘75 in. in diam., reddish when dry, smooth. Seeds much
compressed, sub-orbicular, with a few shallow pits in the centre, and
a row of short depressed radiating grooves round the edge, the aril
very thin. Modecca nicobarica, Kurz in Trimen’s Journ. Bot. for 1876,
p- 327; Mast. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 608.

Anpaman and Nicopar Isnanps; not uncommon. Matacca; Maingay
(Kew Distrib.) 670. Prrax; Wray 651, 2781; King’s Collector 2439 ;
Scortechint 633; Ridley 10280. Prnane; Curtis 1521.

A species distinguished by its entire oblong leaves minutely peltate at the base,
by its long narrow reflexed calyx-lobes, and by its rotund seeds with shallow pits
in the centre and radiating grooves at the edges.

8. ADENIA CARDIOPHYLLA, Engl. in Jahrb. XIV, 376. Rather stout,
glabrous. Stems almost terete. Leaves membranous, remote, broadly
ovate, rotund-ovate, sometimes almost sub-reniform, the base deeply
cordate, the auricles rounded; the apex with a short triangular point ;
both surfaces smooth; the lower with numerous distinct reticulations ;
main-nerves about 9, radiating from the base; the secondary nerves
sub-horizontal, numerous; length 5 to9 in.; breadth 3°5 to 7°5 in. ; petiole
2 to 4°5 in. long, not thickened at the base but with 2 sessile glands at
the apex. Peduncles 4 to 6 in. long, longer than the petioles, with several
widely-spreading cymose branches and usually one tendril. MA.Le FLOWER
narrowly ovoid, ‘2in. long. Calyx leathery, spotted inside, the mouth
with blunt short teeth. Petals thin, broadly oblong-lanceolate, sub-
acute, spotted, their apices level with those of the teeth of the calyx, |
their bases inserted about the middle of the calyx-tube. Glands short,
- oblong-cuneiform. Anthers linear-ovate, acute, the filaments united into
a tube inserted into the fundus of the calyx. FEMALE FLOWER twice as

581

o4: Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

long as the male, tubular. Calyx as in the male, the teeth recurved.
Petals as in the male, their apices entire or minutely serrulate. Ovary
ovoid, on a short gynophore, the stigma peltate 3-lobed. Fruit broadly
fusiform, 2 to 2'5in. long and 1 in. in diam. at the middle, dirty-yellowish
when dry. Seeds compressed, snb-rotund, keeled, with prominent
sharply edged deep pits in the centre and a row of elongate pits round
the edges. Modecca cardiophylla, Mast. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 602.
Modecca cordifolia, Kurz (not of Blume) in Journ. As. Soc. Beng., 1876,
IT, 132: Masters in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 602. M. heterophylla,
Kurz, (not of Blume) Andam. Report Append. A., 39.

AwDAMAN IstanDS; very common. WNicopaR and Great Coco
Istanps ; Prain.—Disrris. Cambodia, Khasia Hills and Hastern Bengal,
tropical Eastern Himalaya.

A species well marked by its deeply cordate leaves much reticulate on the
lower surface, widely-spreading cymes and sub-rotund cancellate pitted seeds. Some
confusion in nomenclature has arisen from the fact that Kurz, without having seen
authentic specimens of Blume’s two species Modecca cordifolia and M. heterophylla
referred this plant to both of them. Dr. Masters perpetuated part of Kurz’s mistake
by accepting his view as to the identity of this Andaman and Nicobar plant with
M. cordifolia, Blume, whereas the whole of the Andaman material (greatly increased
in bulk since he wrote) really belongs to his own species M. cardiophylla. This
view was first expressed by Dr. D. Prain, Superintendent of the Calcutta Garden
in a note on one of the specimens in the Herbarium there.

4, ADENIA POPULIFOLIA, Engl. in Jahrb. XIV, 376, var. PENTAMERA
King. A slender and often very extenSive climber (often 150 feet)
Stems slender, smooth, terete. Leaves thinly coriaceous, oblong-ovate,
gradually narrowed to the acute or sub-acute apex, the base slightly
cordate; both surfaces smooth, the nerves and reticulations little pro-
minent when dry: main-nerves 5 to 7 pairs, curved, spreading, rather
faint; length 3 to 5 in.; breadth 1°75 to 2°5 in.; petiole *75 to 1:25 in.,
its apex bearing 2 large cup-shaped glands conjoined by their backs.
Peduncles shorter than the leaves with 2 slender spreading branches
and a single rather stout tendril. Flowers not numerous, on slender
unequal pedicels, some of them ‘75 in. long. Maus FLOWER ‘2 in. long,
narrowly fusiform; the calyx with 5 short oblong blunt lobes. Petals
springing from the calyx-tube just below its lobes, and like them but
narrower. Anthers 5, broadly linear, the connective slightly produced
beyond the apex, shortly sagittate at the base; filaments joined into a
tube and inserted into the fundus of the calyx: rudimentay ovary
linear. FEMALE FLoweER shorter than the male (only ‘15 in. long) and
not so slender but with similar calyx-lobes and petals. Ovary oblong,
crowned by three erect oblong rather large stigmas. Fruit double fusi-
form, deep red when ripe, 2:5 to 3 in. long and from "75 to 1 in. in’

582

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 55
diam. Seeds broadly oblong, compressed, foveolate with a row of short
radiating grooves round the edges. Modecca populifolia, Blume Rum-
phia, 168 t. 50. M. populifolia, Bl.: Masters in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
II, 603 (amongst imperfectly known species).

Matacca; Maingay (K.D.) 668. Perak; Scortechini 1609; King’s
Collector, many Nos.

Blume describes and figures his Modecca populifolia plant as tetramerous and
as this exactly agrees both with his text and figure, except in being pentamerous,
I regard it as a variety. ‘There are in Herb. Calcutta specimens from Perak without
flower or fruit, of what appears to be a 3-lobed form of this.

5. Aveyra acuminata, King. Stems slender, striate. Leaves sub-
coriaceous, ovate-oblong or rotund-ovate, the base usually narrowed
but sometimes sub-cordate always bi-glandular; the apex shortly and
abruptly acuminate; the secondary nerves and reticulations distinct
on both surfaces when dry but especially on the lower; main-nerves
2 or sometimes 3 pairs, originating from the midrib near its base, all
prominent: length 4 to 6 in.; breadth 2 to 4 in.; petiole “75 to 1: 35 in.
long. Peduncles usually nearly as long as the aoe but sometimes
much shorter, bearing a few short many-flowered spreading branches
at the apex and often a short tendril. Mate Flower narrowly ovoid, "25
to ‘3 in. long. Calyx leathery with 5 short ovate-lanceolate lobes.
Petals thick, oblong, acute, springing from the calyx-tube above the
middle. Glands small, lauceolate. Anthers linear, sub-acute, erect, the
filaments short. FemMALE FLOwER larger than the males (‘4 in. long),
tubular, swollen in the lower third. Calyx-lobes very short, broad, blunt,
incurved. Petals narrowly oblong, sub-acute, incurved. Ovary fusiform.
Fruit fusiform, dull, reddish when dry, about 2 in. long and ‘75 in.
in diam. at the middle. Seeds compressed, subrotund, boldly pitted
in the centre and with a marginal row of radiating grooves on each
side, slightly oblique and pointed at the base. Modecca acwminata,
Blume Bijdr. 940; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. 1,702. M. singaporeana,
Mast. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 601 (in part).

Perak; Scortechiné 254, 459, 629; Wray 498, 1745; Ridley 9462,
9632; King’s Collector, many numbers. SeLancor; Ridley 7288,
Matacca; Goodrich 1340.—Distris. ; Java, Sumatra, (Beccart P.S. 743). ,

6. ADENIA SINGAPOREANA, Engl. in Jahrb. XIV, 376. Stems slender,
striate. Leaves subcoriaceous, oblong to ovate-oblong, cuneate and bi-
glandular at the base, the apex sub-acute or shortly and bluntly acumi-
nate; both surfaces smooth, opaque, the lower very pale, the secondary
_ nerves and reticulations very indistinct on both; main-nerves 3 pairs,
the lower two pairs bold and ascending, the upper pair less bold
and spreading; length 3°5 to 4°5 in.; breadth 1°75 to 2°25 in.; petiole

583

56 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

‘5 to 15 in. long. Peduncles about as long as the petiole, few-flowered.
Male flowers (fide Masters) “°25 in. long, elongate, fusiform. Calyx
leathery, shortly 5-lobed; lobes ovate, connivent (? always). Petals
thick, leathery, oblong-acute, springing from the calyx-tube just beneath
the throat. Corona none (?). Glands of the dise 5, small, oblong, at
the base of the calyx-tube, opposite to its lobes. Stamens 5; anthers
sub-sessile, erect, linear ; connective long, thread-like. Rudimentary ovary
fusiform. fruit 2 in. long, glabrous, fusiform.” Seeds compressed, sub-
ovoid, obliquely contracted to ashort podosperm, the centre boldly tuber-
cled, the edges with a row of broad grooves the tubercles between which
on the extreme margin are bold and some of them black. Passiflora
singaporeana, Wall. Cat. 1232. Modecca singaporeana, Masters in Hook.
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 601.

Sincapore; Wallich. Jowore; King. Matacca; Maingay (K.D.)
667.—Disrris. Java.

A species badly represented in collections and misunderstood. It is based on
the plant collected by Wallich at Singapore and issued by him under his Cat. No.
1232 and named Passiflora singaporeana. With this agree absolutely a plant collected
by Mr. Hullett and myself at Jaffaria (in Johore) also some specimens collected by Mr.
H. O. Forbes in the Preanger in Java (Herb. Forbes 565). Maingay collected at
Malacca six specimens of a Modecca all of which in Herb. Kew. are named M. singa-
poreana. In my opinion five of these belong to M. acuminata, Bl. I have seen no
flowers of M. singaporeana and the account of them given above is copied verbatim
from Masters. The leaves are very opaque and of a dull pale colour beneath, and
the nerves are very faint. The fruit is slightly shorter than that of M. acuminata,
Bl. of which species this is I fear little more than a form.

Order LIT. BEGONIACEIA.

Succulent herbs or undershrubs ; stem often rhizomatous or tuber-
erous. Leaves alternate (sometimes falsely whorled), more or less un-
equal-sided, entire, toothed or lobed; stipules 2, free, frequently deci-
duous. Peduncles axillary, dichotomously cymose, the branches and
bracts at their divisions generally opposite. Flowers white rose or
yellow, showy, sometimes small, monecious. Mate: perianth (of the
only Indian genus) of 2 outer valvate opposite sepaloid segments, and
2-0 inner smaller segments; stamens indefinite often very many, free
or monadelphous, anthers narrowly obovoid. Femate: perianth (of the
only Indian genus) of 5-2 segments. Ovary inferior (in Hildebrandia
half-superior), 2-3-4-celled; placentas vertical, axile (at the time of
estivation), divided or simple; styles 2-4, free or combined at the base,
stigmas branched or tortuous; ovules very many. Fruit capsular, more
rarely succulent, often winged, variously dehiscing or irregularly break-
ing up. Seeds very many, minute, globose or narrow-cylindric, testa

584

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 57

reticulated: albumen very scanty or 0.—Distris. Species 400 (of which
398 belong to the genus Begonia), in all tropical moist countries ; not
yet met with in Australia.

1. Braonia, Linn.
Characters of the Order.

Group I. Capsule 3-celled, with 3 nearly equal narrow
vertically oblong wings, dehiscing by 2 oblong valves on
each face between the wings :—
Small acaulescent herbs, only a few inches in height:
leaves rotund-ovate slightly oblique ; we 1. B. Forbesit.
Herbs with stems 2 or 3 feet high ; leaves obliquely ovate-
oblong or ovate-lanceolate, the base cordate and very
unequal-sided :—
Male flowers ‘2 to ‘3 in. across... us ca 2h BR teoptera:
Male flowers 1°5 in. across te .. & B, isopteroidea,
Group II. Capsule 2-celled, triquetrous, a 3 short un-
equal wings, dehiscing irregularly by the breaking up of the
fragile faces between the wings; anthers obvvoid, often
emarginate at the apex :—
Caulescent; rootstock tuberous :—
Upper surfaces of leaves with numerous adpressed
white stellate hairs; bracts of inflorescence *05 to ‘1 in.
long, densely adpressed-pubescent ; male flowers ‘2 to
*25 in. in diam.; capsules abont 3 in. broad .. 4. B. sinuata.
Upper surfaces of leaves scantily adpressed © hairy ;
bracts °35 to °5 in. long, glabrous; male flowers ‘5 iu.
and capsules °6 in, across ase a .» 5. B, andamensis.
Leaves glabrous... st ais .. 6. B,.debslis:
Acaulescent ; rhizome creeping :— ~
Leaves rather thick (when dry), rotund-reniform,
deeply cordate the basal lobes overlapping, the nerves
beneath and the petioles rusty-tomentose .. 7. B. thaipingensis.
Leaves very thin (when dry), obliquely ovate-reniform,
quite glabrous except for a few sparse hairs on the
under surface of the nerves; petioles glabrous x 8. B. guttata.
Group III. Capsule 2-celled, triqnetrous with 3 wings one
of which is much elongated transversely so as greatly to
exceed the other two, dehiscing by the rupture of the stout
membranous faces between the wings :— ;
Anthers cuneiform-oblong; leaves peltate ... .. 9. B. Hasskarlit.
Anthers linear-oblong or linear; leaves not peltate :—
Leaves not at all or very little oblique even at the base,
not cordate; petioles very long :—
Leaves with coarse hairs on both surfaces :—
Leaves narrowly lanceolate Max a. 10. B. Scortechinii.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate ... ee .. 11, B. Kunstleriana, —

O85

gas
58 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Leaves glabrous :—
Leaves broadly elliptic-ovate,equal-sided at the base 12. B. Herveyana.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate, unequal-sided especially
at the base mie .. 13. B. perakensis.

Leaves very oblique, ovate to ronteoein, obliquely cor-
date at the base :-—

Leaves glabrous even on the nerves :— ;
Male flowers less than | in. across san .. 14. B. paupercula.
Male flowers about 1°5 in. across eat ... 15. B. venusta.
Leaves glabrous, but the nerves hairy’; male flower
2 in. across ... 16. B. megapteroidea.

Leaves with a rowie coarse pote eeeee ie pubescent
hairs on both surfaces; nerves beneath, petioles and
also peduncles rusty-pubescent; male flowers ‘8 in.

across .. Ses .. 17. B. Mazwelliana.
Upper surfaces of reenee oapiiliods and bearing coarse
hairs :—

Acaulescent ; petiole much longer than the lamina 18, B. praeclara.
Stems 3 feet high; petiole shorter than the blade 19. B. Lowiana.

1. Buconia Forsesu, King n. sp. A small plant a few inches
high with densely rusty-villose rhizome. Leaves rotund-ovate shortly
apiculate, sometimes blunt, the base slightly cordate, the edges subentire
or remotely denticulate; upper surface glabrous: the lower with numer-
ous white scales and a few coarse hairs on the nerves near their bases:
main-nerves 9, radiating from the base, i inconspicuous; length 1°25 to
2-25 in.; breadth 1 to 2 in.; petiole 1:5 to 3 in: stipules lanceolate,
villous ae ‘3 in. long. Peduncles as long as or longer than the
leaves, slender, glabrous, bearing a solitary flower at the apex, or
2-branched and bearing 2 to 5 flowers; bracts absent on the lower part
of the peduncle, in pairs in its upper part, small, obovate-oblong.
Flowers pink, their pedicels red. Mate; sepals 2, oblong, blunt, °15 in.
long; petals 2, similar but smaller; stamens numerous ; anthers obovate,
with emarginate apices, filaments short. Fema.es; perianth of 4 un-
equal pieces, the outermost rotund-ovate: the inner oblong. Styles 3,
thick, the stigmas large, flattened, rotund. Capsule 3-celled, opening
on each face; the wings subequal, spreading, triangular, blunt.

Perak; Wray 2476.—Disrris. Sumatra, Forbes 2666.

2. Buconia isoprera, Dry. in Smith’s Ic. 43. Caulescent: three
feet high, nearly glabrous ;, Stem and branches slender. Leaves obliquely
ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, the base cordate,
the sides very unequal; edges remotely and usually coarsely dentate ;
upper surface of leaves quite glabrous, the lower minutely scaly; main-
nerves apoetly radiating from the base, branched, prominent; length

35 to 6 in; ; breadth 15 to 3 in.; petioles slender, varying from ‘5 to
686

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 59

225 in. in length: stipules lanceolate or oblong, *75 in. long. Inflorescence
leaf-opposed, shorter than the leaves, slender; the female flowers near
its base, the male on short branches on its upper half. Mauss ‘2 to ‘3 in.
across; sepals 2, rotund; petals 0; stamens numerous, broadly oblong
or obovate, minutely apiculate; filaments short. FEMALE perianth-seg-
ments 5. Styles three, bifid, the arms twisted. Capsule 3-celled, about
‘8 in. long and equally broad, dehiscing by two slits on each face, the
three wings equal, narrow, oblong, ‘25 in. wide. Dry. in Trans. Linn.
Soc. I, 160. B. repanda, Bl. Enum. Pl. Jav.1, 97. Diploclinium repan-
dum, Klo. Begon. 72. Begonia Wrayt, Hems. in Journ. Bot. for 1887,
203.

Perak; Scortechini and King’s Collector, many numbers. MaAtacca;
Hervey. Seuancor; Ridley 8589. Panana; Ridley 2246. Necrt Sempa-
LAN; Ridley 10028. Prenana; Curtis 7094 —Distris. Sumatra, Java.

B. bombycina, Bl. (Enum. Pl. Jav. 97) is possibly identical with this; it has
been reduced here by De Candolle and part of it is no doubt so reducible. Under
B. bombycina however have been distributed specimens of an allied species with
larger flowers in short spreading cymes. Which of the two plants Blume intended
as his B. bombycina, it is impossible from his short description and in the absence of
authentic specimens to determine.

3. BEGONIA ISOPTEROIDBA, King n. sp. Caulescent, 3 feet high,
glabrous. Leaves thin, very obliquely ovate-lanceolate acuminate; the
base acute on one side of the petiole but with a broad round auricle
on the other, the edges remotely lobulate-dentate; lower surface with
very minute white scales; main-nerves 7, radiating from the base,
rather prominent beneath; length 3°5 to 4°5 in.; breadth 1-2 to 1°5 in.;
petioles unequal, Z to 3'5 in long, Stipules broadly lanceolate, acute, *5
to °75 in. long. Peduncles slender, axillary, about an inch long and
bearing about two flowers on long slender pedicels and one sub-sessile.
Flowers pink, large. Mates; sepals 2, rotund-oblong, blunt, °75 in.
long; petals 2 similar but only ‘5 in. long; stamens inserted on an
elongate anthophore, the anthers quadrate, 2-groved, truncate, only
about half as long as the slender filaments. Famaues nearly as large as
the males; style short, thick, divided into 3 slender, bifid spiral spread-
ing branches. Capsules about *75 in. in length and breadth, 3-celled,
its wings narrow oblong, thin, membranous, the posterior narrower than
the lateral. ia)

Perak; on Gunong Brumban, elevation 5,000 feet; Wray 1548.

A species in leaves capsules and habit resembling B. isoptera, but with much
larger flowers. : J

4. Burconta stnvata, Wall. Cat. 3680. Shortly caulescent (from

25 to 12 inches high) the rootstock tuberous. Leaves either broadly
587

60 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

reniform and blunt, or sometimes with a short broad abrupt apiculus,
the basal sinus deep and the edges wavy and minutely denticulate or
erenate; or reniform-cordate, gradually tapered to the sub-acute apex,
the margins slightly lobulate-dentate, the lobes denticulate, the basal
sinus small: length of the reniform over 4 to 6 in.; breadth 5 to 8
in., of the ovate-reniform 1:5 to 3 in.; breadth 1 to 3 in.; petioles of
the radical leaves 1 to 3 in.; of the cauline ‘5 to 2°5 in.; both surfaces
with numerous adpressed white stellate hairs, the lower with small
oblong white scales also; main-nerves 7 to 11, radiating from the base,
prominent on the lower surface; petioles unequal, *5 to 3 in. long, pube-
scent. Stipules small, oblong-lanceolate, slightly oblique, blunt, glab-
rous. Inflorescence 3 to 8 inches long, sparsely stellate-puberulous ; the
peduncle very slender; branches few, short, filiform, few-flowered ;
bracts minute (05 to *l in. long) bluntly lanceolate, rather densely ad-
pressed-pubescent externally, the upper in whorls of three. Flowers
small, pink, glabrous. Mates about ‘2 to -25 in. in diam.: sepals 2,
roundish; petals 2, narrower, obovate; stamens about 20, monadel-
phous; anthers obovoid, connective not produced. Femate pertanth-
segments 5, the inner gradually smaller. Styles 2, combined for half
their length, stigmas lunate. Capsule about °3 in. broad and slightly
longer, the posterior wing the largest. Seeds ovoid, shining, brown,
deeply pitted. A. DC. Prod. XV, Pt. I, 354; Kurz in Journ. As. Soe.
Beng., 1877, Pt. II, 108; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 650.
Diploclinium biloculare, Wight Ic. 1814+ Begonia guttata, elongata et
subrotunda, Wall. Cat. 3671 B (not A), 6291, 6293.

Penanc; Wallich; Phillips; King’s Collector 2269, 4860; Curtis 390,
481, 3098; Ridley 9229. Maxacca; Mainguy (K.D.) 674. Perak; King’s
Collector 4971.—Distris. Burma; Griffith, Parish.

5. Brconta ANDAMENSIS, Parish ex Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br.
Ind. II, 650. Like the reniform-leaved form of B. sinuata, but the
hairs on the surfaces of the leaves scanty: the inflorescence usually
longer and its peduncle and branches much stonter ; the bracts glabrous,
longer (‘35 to ‘5 in.) and blunter and the male flowers (‘5 in. across)
and capsules (‘6 in. across) longer and more numerous than those of
B. sinuata.

AnpaMAN Isnanns; Parish; King’s Collector.—Distr1s. Burma.

This ought probably to be regarded as a variety of B. sinwata. Actual speci- -

mens of the two look more different than written descriptions lead one to suppose ;
I therefore retain this as a species.

6. Beconta pepinis, King n. sp. Aslender weak herb, about 6 to 8

inches high, caulescent. Leaves thin, narrowly reniform, blunt or sub-

acute; the base unequal, rounded at both sides but one auriculate and
588

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 61

much longer; edges sub-entire or slightly remotely and obscurely cre-
nate; breadth 1:5 to 3 in.; length (from base of largest lobe to apex)
35 to 7 in.; upper surface glabrous, the lower minutely scaly; main-
nerves 7, radiating from the base, some of them branching, rather
prominent below; petioles 1 to 3 in. long. Inflorescence axillary or ter-
minal, slender, longer than the leaves, with a few lax filiform dicho-
tomous spreading few-flowered branches, bracts in pairs, ovate-lanceo-
late, ‘1 to "15 in. long. Flowers pure white, the stamens yellow. Mate
35 in. across; sepals 2, oblong-ovate, blunt: petals 2, similar but smaller ;
stamens in a globular mass; anthers obovate, short with broad emar-
ginate inappendiculate apices. FEMALE perianth of 5 unequal obliquely
oblong pieces; styles united into a short column, above divided into
numerous crowded awns. Capsule *75 in. broad (to the end of the
wings), and ‘4 in. from base to apex, glabrous, 2-celled: the 2 lateral
wings triangular, acute, the posterior wing oblong, tapering a little to
the blunt apex, more than twice as long as the lateral.
Perak ; King’s Collector 8289.

A species allied to B. varians, A. DC., but with more entire leaves.

7. BecGonta THAIPINGENSIS, King n. sp. Rhizome long, creeping,
rooting at intervals, wire-like, rusty-villous. eaves rotund-reniform,
the edges minutely and rather remotely dentate, the basal sinus mostly
obliterated by the overlapping of the auricles; both surfaces scaly
the lower more distinctly so and rusty (reatee on the 6 or 7 radiat-
ing sub-prominent nerves; length 1°25 to 2 in.; breadth 1°5 to 2°25
in,; petioles unequal, 1 to 4 in. long, densely rusty-tomentose. Peduncles
4 to 9 in. long, sleuder, sparsely rusty-villous, bearing one or two
remote pairs of small lanceolate bracts and near the apex 3 to 5 slen-
derly pedicellate pink flowers on slender branches. Mate flowers ; sepals
2, sub-rotund, ‘15 in. long; petals 2, smaller, oblong ; stamens numerous;
anthers obovate, the apex blunt and emarginate, the filaments short.
Femae perianth of 5 unequal pieces, the largest most external: style
short, thick, with 2 stout arms and short thick twisted stigmas. Oapsule
2-celled, *5 in. broad (to the ends of the wings) ; all the wings trian-
gular, sub-equal.

Perak; Scortechint 1479; Wray 1774; King’s Collector 2523, 8511.

A species allied to B. sinuata, Wall., but diffaring by the creeping rhizome,
non-apiculate leaves, rusty-tomentose petioles and peduncles.

8. Beconia cutrata, Wall. Cat. 3671 A. Stem succulent, short.
weak, bearing about two thin obliquely ovate-reniform glabrous nearly
entire leaves with oblique cordate bases, and subacute apices; the
nerves about 5, radiating from the base, prominent, sparsely hairy ;

589

62 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

4 to 7 in. long and 2 to 4'5 in. broad; petioles 1°5 to 4 in. Peduneles
varying in length from 1 to 2 in., slender, glabrous, bearing a few
flowers near the apex. Mate flower; sepals 2, rotund; petals 2,
narrowly oblong; stamens about 50, monadelphous; anthers obovoid.
FemaLe; perianth-segments 5, gradually smaller inwards: styles 2,
with two twisted branches, Capsule ‘4 in. long and ‘75 in. broad to
the ends of the wings, the smaller wings very narrow; the posterior
one broad, descending. A.DC., Prod. XV, Pt.1,352 ; Clarke in Hook.
fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 648.

Perak; Scortechini 571. Manacca; Maingay (Kew Distrib.) 675.
Penana; Wallich. Srtancor; Ridley 7289.

9. Brconta Hasskartu, Zoll. et Mor. Syst. Verz. Zoll. 31 (not of
Mig.) All parts glabrous. Stem a creeping rhizome. Leaves rotund-
ovate, shortly and abruptly caudate-acuminate, peltate, the edges wavy
but entire; both surfaces glabrous, the upper pitted when dry, the
lower with sub-rotund scales; main-nerves about ten, radiating from
the insertion of the petiole, not very prominent; length 3°5 to 5°5
in.; breadth 2°25 to 3:75 in.; petiole attached to the leaf about °75
to 1:25 in. from its lower edge; stipules short, lanecolate. Peduncle
usually longer than the leaves (often twice as long), about as thick as
the petioles, bearing a few slender branches near the apex, ebracteate.
Flowers small, white tipped with red. Mate ‘2 in. broad; sepals 2,
reniform, the margins thick. Stamens numerous, cuneiform-oblong,
their apices emarginate; filaments very short, free. FEMALE, sepals 2,
with vertical veins, reniform; style short, thick, with 4 short branches ;
stigmas 4, much lobulate. Capsule 4-celled, *6 in. long, the lateral
wings very narrow; the posterior broad slightly narrowed to the blunt
apex, ‘5 in. long: seeds minute, ovoid, tapering to one end, brown, shining,
pitted. B. peltata, Hassk, in Hoev. et De Vriese, Tijdschr. X (1843) _
133. Metscherlicia coriacea, Klotzsch in Abh. Akad. Berl. (1855) 74;
Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1, Pt. I, 696. B. coriacea, Hassk. Pl. Jav. Bar. 209;
B. hernandiaefolia, Hook. (not of others) Bot. Mag. t. 4676.

Perak; Scortechinit 1607; King’s Collector 4427, 8245; Ridley 9689.
PananG; Ridley 2442.—Distris. Java, Zollinger 1613.

This is one of three species to which the specific name peltata has been given.
That name must however be reserved for the Brazilian species to which it was
first applied by Otto & Dietr. (Allg. Gartenz. IX (1841) 58). The MSS. name
B. Hasskarliana was given by Miquel to a species near B. coespitosa which he con-:
fused with Zollinger’s No. 1613 (the type of the species above described), and
this inaccuracy was perpetuated by Miquel on p, 1091 of his FJ, Ind. Bat. I,
Pt. I, where he describes Diploclinium Hasskarlianum.

10. BroontaScorrecuinit, King, n.sp. Rhizomecreeping, short, scaly.
590

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 63

Leaves on very long glabrous petioles, narrowly lanceolate, attenuate
to the acuminate apex, and to the rounded or acute nearly equal-sided
base; the edges dentate-ciliate; both surfaces with numerous scattered
coarse subulate spreading hairs compressed at their bases, the lower
also minutely scaly; main-nerves pinnate, 3 or 4 pairs, then ascending ;
length 2°75 to 4in.; breadth ‘5 to 1 in.; petioles 5 to 7 in. Peduncles
axillary, somewhat shorter than the leaves, glabrous, bearing at the
apex 2 few-flowered branches and a few rather long bracts. Flowers
white, tinged with pink and green. Mate: sepals ovate, obtuse, °75
in. long; petals narrower but nearly as long. Stamens numerous, in a
short column; anthers linear-oblong, the apical appendage obtuse ;
filaments short. Female with perianth-segments similar to the male_
( fide Scortechini) but 5. Ovary glabrous, 2-celled ; styles free, 2 to 4-fid.
Capsule *75 in. broad (including the wings) the lateral wings narrow,
oblong, the posterior much larger (fide Scortechini).

Perak; Scortechini 1845; King’s Collector 7227.

‘I have seen no ripe capsules, and the above description of them is taken from
Scortechini’s field-note. The species is readily distinguishable by its very narrow
equal-sided coarsely hairy leaves. A drawing of this, seut to Herb. Kew from
Penang by Mr. C. Curtis, represents the leaf-petioles as not more than one inch long.

11. Burconta Kunsrreriana, King n. sp. [thizome creeping, very
scaly. Leaves ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, often but not always un-
equal-sided, much acuminate; the base cuneate usually oblique; edges
ciliate-serrate, the teeth slightly unequal; both surfaces with coarse
spreading hairs with dilated flattened bases; the lower with minute
white scales also; main-nerves about 3 pairs, pinnate, densely rufescent
villous like the petioles; length 5 to 7°5 in.; breadth 1°75 to 2°5 in.;
petiole from half as long to nearly as long as the blade. Peduncles
longer than the petioles and more slender, glabrous, 2- to 4-flowered at
the apex. Flowers large, white, tinged with red. Matz; sepals 2,
elliptic, obtuse, 1 in. long and ‘5 in. broad, vertically veined; petals
similar but not half so large. Stamens numerous, linear-oblong, bluntly
apiculate. Frmate perianth of 5 oblong blunt segments; styles 2, each
with two short twisted branches. Capsule (to the end of the posterior
wing) 1 in. broad: the lateral wings short, narrow; the posterior elon-
gate not tapered to the apex, 2-celled. Seeds ellipsoid, shining, brown,
pitted.

Perak; King’s Collector 7194; Scortechini ; Ridley 9651.

This resembles B. Scortechinii, but has larger leaves and shorter petioles which
are densely villous.

12. Beconra Herveyana, King u. sp. Glabrous except for a few
. 59L

64 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

hairs on the nerves on the lower surface of the leaves: rhizome creep-
ing, thin. Leaves broadly elliptic-ovate, shortly acuminate, slightly
narrowed to the rounded almost equal-sided base ; the edges slightly
undulate, very indistinctly serrate; upper surface glabrous, lower very
minutely scaly; nerves pinnate, about 6 pairs, ascending, branching ;
length 5 to 9 in.; breadth 3 to 4°5 in.; petioles much longer than the
leaves, glabrous; stipules lanceolate, inconspicuous. Peduncles 5 to 10
in. long, slender, bearing near the apex 2 or 3 branches with few shortly
pedicellate flowers. Mate flowers; sepals 2, ovate-subrotund ; petals
2, much smaller, oblong, blunt; stamens numerous, arranged,in a cone,
linear, with a blunt apical appendage, the filaments short. Fremae
pervanth of 5 subrotund pieces. Capsule 1 in. broad and about half
as much from base to apex, imperfectly 4-celled: lateral wings narrow
oblong ; the posterior wing ovate, blunt, about ‘65 in. long.

Matacca; Hervey ; Derry.

This is a very distinct species resembling in the shape of its leaves no Asiatic
Begonia that I have seen, except on unnamed species from Tonkin { No. 3763 of Herb.
Balansa).

13. Beconta perakensis, King n. sp. Rhizome slender, creeping.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate, slightly unequal-sided, acuminate; the base
broad, rounded or very slightly emarginate or oblique, the edges ob-
scurely and remotely dentate, or sub-entire ; both surfaces glabrous, the
lower minutely scaly ; main-nerves pinnate, 4 or 5 pairs, ascending;
length 3°5 to 5:5 in.; breadth 1:5 to 2°25 in. ; petiole 2°5 to 5 in.; slen-
der, glabrous. Peduncles usually longer than the leaves (at least when
in fruit), 4-angled, glabrous, few-flowered. Flowers whitish tinged with
pink, or pink. Mate; sepals rotund-ovate, *4 in. long. Petals 2, oblong
and much smaller. Stamens numerous, linear with short blunt apical
appendages and short filaments. Femate perianth of 5 (?) segments.
Capsule (ripe) 1°2 in. broad (to end of posterior wing), and ‘5 in. from
base to apex, 2-celled ; the lateral wings oblong, narrow; the posterior
oblong, blunt, slightly oblique, °35 in. broad ; seeds small, ellipsoid,
pitted, shining.

Perak ; King’s Collector 10338, 10506, 10951.

Specimens of a species closely resembling this, but insufficient for accurate
determination, have been collected in Selangor by Mr. Ridley (Herb. Ridley 8590).

14. BerGontaA PauPERCULA, King n.sp. Rhizome creeping, acaules-
cent, everywhere glabrous. Leaves ovate, very unequal-sided and very
oblique at the base, or ovate-lanceolate, slightly unequal-sided and little
oblique at the base; the apex always acuminate, the edges slightly
sinuate-lobed, obscurely dentate; both surfaces glabrous : main-nerves
5 to 7, radiating from the base, prominent below, midrib with a few

592 ;

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 65

lateral nerves, length 3°5 to 5 in.; breadth 1:25 to 3°5 in. ; petioles vary-
ing in length from 2°5 to7 in., slender, 2-to 3-flowered. Flowers white,
tinged with red. Mauss; sepals 2, elliptic-oblong, ‘4 in. long ; petals 0.
Stamens linear-oblong, shortly and bluntly apiculate: filaments short.
Femate; the perianth of 5 very unequal lobes, the outermost larger
than the sepals of the male. Capsules ‘6 in. long and 1 in. broad, 2-
celled; the 2 lateral wings sub-elliptic, oblique, ‘3 in. broad ; the posterior
wing oblong, blunt, °6 to 7 in long and ‘36 in. broad.
Perak; King’s Collector 5952.

This has leaves resembling those of B. borneensis, but the flowersare fewer and
- Jarger. Beccari’s Sumatra specimens (P.S. 857), in fruit only, appear to belong to
this species.

15. Berconra venosta, King n. sp. Rhizome slender, creeping; whole
plant glabrous. _ Leaves reniformly ovate, shortly acuminate, the basal
sinus deep; the edges sub-entire or remotely and minutely denticulate ;
both surfaces smooth, shining : main-nerves 7, radiating from the base,
slender; length 3 to 5°5 in.; breadth 2 to 35 in.; petioles unequal,
slender, from 6 to 12in. in length. Pedunecles 3°5 to 6 in. long, bearing
about 3 pedunculate pinkish-white flowers near the apex. Mate; sepals
2, ovate-rotund, blunt, °75 in. long. Petals 2, somewhat larger. Stamens
narrowly oblong, with a large apiculus; filaments unequal, the inner
ones long, the outer short. Frmates smaller than the male, the perianth
of 5 unequal broad blunt segments; styles very short, with numerous
broad depressed lobules. Capsule ‘3 in. long and 1°15 in. broad (to the
ends of the wings) ; lateral wings more than half as long as the posterior,
broadly triangular, blunt; posterior wing oblong, blunt, °7 in. long.

Perak ; at an elevation of about 6,000 ft., Wray 1598.

The leaves are not unlike those of B. paupercula and B. borneensis but the flowers
are large and handsome.

16. Beconta mecapreromea, King n. sp. Rhizome as thick asa
swan-quill, creeping on rocks. Leaves broadly and very obliquely ovate,
acuminate; both sides of the base rounded but very unequal, the sinus
between them wide, the edges remotely and minutely dentate, upper
surface glabrous; the lower also glabrous except the rusty-pubescent
nerves which are also scaly near the base: main-nerves about 8, radiat-
ing from the base, the larger branched and all rather prominent ; length
(from ap of petiole to apex of blade) 4 to 5 in.; breadth 4to 5 in.;
petiole 12 to 16 in. long, glabrous. Peduncles from half as long te
"nearly as long as the leaves, glabrous, ebracteate below the flowers,
Matz flowers: sepals rotund-ovate, very obtuse, 1 in, long and ‘6 to ‘7 in,
broad ; petals much smaller, elliptic: stamens numerous, in a conical

593

66 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

mass on a short thick anthophore ; anthers oblong, bluntly apiculate,
filaments varying in length (the inner the longest). FemaLe perianth
of 5 unequal pieces: styles 2, rather long, combined at the base, Cap-
sule not seen.

Perak; collected at an elevation of 5,000 ft., Wray 1450, 1573.

Specimens of this plant are rather scanty. They resemble B. megaptera, but
are not caulescent like that species. In the Calcutta Herbarium there is, under
the name Dipioclintwm tuberosum, Miq., a specimen collected by Kurz in Western
Java which apparently belongs to this species. There are also two plants
from Sumatra collected by Forbes (Herb. Forbes 2333a and 2255) which appear to
belong to this. The genus Diploclinium i is inseparable from Begonia and the specific
name tuberosa is pre-occupied in the latter by a species described by Lamack from
the Moluccas which has a rounded tuberous rout,

17. Brconta Maxwewiiana, King n. sp. Rhizome as thick as a
swan-quill, bearing many broadly lanceolate scales. Leaves broadly
and obliquely ovate to ovate-rotund, more or less acuminate, the edges
minutely ciliate-denticulate, the base very oblique, one side of it rounded
the other rounded-auriculate, the sinus wide; both surfaces with a few
coarse compressed rusty hairs, most numerous on the nerves near the base;
the lower surface with minute white scales; main-nerves 7 to 9, radiat-
ing from the base, prominent; length 5 to 6in.; breadth 4 to 7 in. ;
petioles 4 to 10 in. long, compresed (when dry) like the peduncles
and like them rusty-pubescent. Peduncles unequal, those bearing only
male flowers often shorter than the petioles ; ; those bearing female and
male, or females only often longer than the petioles ; all ebracteate
below the inflorescence, dichotomously branched and few-flowered at the
apex ; the bracts short, broad. Mate flowers densely clustered ; sepals
2, oblong-ovate, blunt, ‘4 in. long, puberulous outside ; petals 2, similar,
but much smaller. Stamens numerous, without anthophore ; anthers lin-
ear, bluntly apiculate, slightly shorter than the filaments. FEMALE pert-
anth of 5 unequal pieces diminishing in size inwards ; styles 2, short, much
lobulate. Capsule 2-celled, 1°4 in. broad (to the ends of the wings) and
*6 in from base to apex; the 2 lateral wings sub-quadrate, obtuse; the
posterior oblong, blunt, more than three times as long as the lateral.

Perak; Maxwell’s Hill, at elevation of 3,000 feet, Wray 119, 2199 ;
Scortechini 1607, 1798 ; King’s Collector 2038.—Distriz. Sumatra, Forbes
3119a.

The flowers of this are white tinged with pink and the leaves green, the nerves
beneath being red. This resembles B. megapteroidea, King, but the flowers are
smaller, and the leaves and inflorescence are not glabrous as in that species. ©

18. Brconia pr@ciara, King n. sp. Rhizome creeping, very scaly.

Leaves obliquely ovate, acuminate, the base rounded on one side of the
594

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 67

petiole and on the other expanding into a broad rounded auricle, the
edges minutely dentate, rarely with small lobes besides: upper surface
with numerous conical papille each bearing a coarse curved hair
flattened at the base; under surface with a few scattered flattened hairs
especially on the nerves ; main-nerves 7, radiating from the base, promi-
nent beneath; length 3°5 to 5°5 in.; breadth 2°5 to 3'5 in.; petioles
unequal 3 to 6 in. long, with a few flexuose hairs near the apex.
Peduncles longer than the petioles, slender, glabrous, 1- to 3-flowered.
Flowers on rather long slender pedicels, pink. Mates; sepals 2,
narrowly oblong-ovate, obtuse, °8 in. long; petals 2, narrowly oblong,
blunt, ‘5 in. long; stamens linear-oblong, apiculate, the filaments un-
equal the central the largest. Femane perianth unknown; styles 2,
short, 2-branched, branches divided into many flat twisted lobes. Cap-
sule ‘5 in. long and about 1°5 in. broad (to the ends of the wings); the
lateral wings quadrate-ovate, obtuse, about ‘4 in. long; the posterior
oblong, blunt, 1 in. long and ‘4 in. broad.

Perak; at elevations of from 3,000 to 6,700 feet, Wray 318, 349,
427 ; King’s Collector 8077.

The upper surface of the leaves is dark green, the nerves being coloured ; the
under surface is red of various tints and the flower-stalks are pale crimson.

19. Brconra Lowiana, King n. sp. Caulescent; 3 feet high ;
stems and branches covered with coarse flexuose glandular hairs. Leaves
mostly very obliquely reniform; but some of the cauline ovate and
nearly equal-sided acute, the basal sinus deep, the edges with a few
very shallow lobes closely and rather minutely dentate-serrate and
shortly ciliate ; both surfaces coarsely rusty-pubescent, the hairs flexuose
compressed and with dilated bases, the lower also with small white
scales; main-nerves about 9, radiating from the base, prominent and
densely villous; length 3 to 4°5 in.; breadth 4 to 7 in.; petioles un-
equal, stout, villous like the under surface of the ribs and midrib, from
‘4 in. long in the upper leaves, to 4 in. long in the lower. Cymes few-
flowered, leaf-opposed and terminal, shorter than the leaves when in
flower, much larger when in fruit; bracts ;ovate-lanceolate, opposite,
ciliate, Flowers piuk or-white, pedicellate. Mate about °75 in. across;
sepals 2, ovate-oblong, sub-acute, ‘5 in, long; petals 2, oblong, much
smaller. Stamens uumerous, oblong, blunt, without apical appendages ;
filaments short. Fermaue, the perianth of 5 pieces decreasing in size
inwards ; styles 2, deeply bifid and spiral. Capsules 65 in. long and
twice as broad to the end of the wings; lateral wings very narrow
(about ‘15 in. broad), the posterior oblique, broadly ovate, blunt, ‘9 in.
long and ‘8 in. broad. ; ,

595

68 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Prrax; at an elevation of 7,000 feet on Gunong Brumber Pahang,
Wray 1567; also on Gunong Batu Puleb, Wray 316.

This resembles the Indian species B. Thomsoniwi, DC., but differs in being
caulescent, in having shorter hairs on leaves and petioles, and in the posterior
wing of the capsule being much larger. I have named the species after Sir Hugh
Low, late British resident at Malacca, to commemorate his many services towards
the botanical exploration of the Province of Perak.

Order LIV. FICOIDEA.

Herbs. Leaves simple, often fleshy, usually opposite or whorled;
stipules 0 or scarious. Flowers usually in cymes or clusters, rarely
solitary, regular, hermaphrodite rarely polygamous. Calyx of 4-5 seg-
ments, united into a tube or nearly distinct, free from the ovary in the
Indian genera, often persistent. Petals usually wanting, when present
small. Stamens perigynous or hypogynous, definite or indefinite; sta-
minodes sometimes present. Ovary free (exceptin Mesembryanthemum),
2-5-celled, syncarpous (except in Gisekia); styles as many as the car-
pels: ovules numerous in each carpel and axile or solitary and basal.
Fruit usually capsular, splitting dorsally or circumsciss, more rarely
the carpels separate into cocci. Seeds many or | in each carpel, usually
reniform, compressed ; embryo curved or annular, surrounding the fari-
naceous albumen, radicle next the hilum.—Distr1s. Species 450, chiefly
African, a few are scattered through most tropical and subtropical

regions. 4
Capsule with circumscissile dehiscence ses ... 1, SESUVIUM.
Capsule with dorsal dehiscence sine -. 2. MoLLUuUGo.

1. Sssoviom, Linn.

Succulent branching herbs. Leaves opposite, fleshy; stipules 0.

Flowers axillary, sessile or peduncled, solitary, rarely in cymes. Calyz-
tube short; lobes 5, triangular-lanceolate, persistent, often coloured.
Petals 0. Stamens many or 5, inserted round the summit of the calyx-
tube. Ovary free, 3-5-celled; styles 3-5; ovules many, axile. Capsule
ovate-oblong, membranous, 3-5-celled, circumsciss. Seeds many in each

cell, reniform; embryo annular.—Disrris, Species 4, littoral in warm

climates.

Sesuviom Portutacastrum, Linn. Syst. ed. 10, 1058. Creeping and
rooting inthe sand, glabrous. Leaves linear-spathulate almost cylindric,
sometimes sub-obovate: gradually narrowed into a short petiole with
dilated scariously margined base. Flowers solitary, axillary, their pedicels
*25 in. long. Calyx rose-coloured inside. Stamens 15 to 40, free or almost
free. Styles 3 to 5. Capsule ‘2 in. across. Seeds black, shining,
smooth, not numerous. Roxb. Fl. Ind. II, 509; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb.

596

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 69

Fl. 15; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1877, Pt. II, 110: Clarke in
Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 659. S. repens, Willd. Enum. p. 511; DC. Prod.
III, 453: W. & A. Prod. Fl. Pen. Ind. 361; Wight in Hook. Comp.
Bot. Mag. II, 71, t. 23; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. I, Pt. I, 1060, Psammanthe
marina, Hance in Walp. Ann. II, 660. Crithmum indicum, Rumph.
‘Herb. Amb. VI, t. 72, fig. 1.

On the sea shores in the Andamans and the other Provinces.—
Distris. B. India, Malayan Archipelago.

2. Mottveo, Linn,

Herbs, branched, often dichotomous. Leaves often falsely whorled,
or alternate, or all radical, from linear to obovate, entire; stipules
fugacious. Flowers axillary, sessile or pedicelled, clustered or in pani-
cles or racemes, small, greenish; bracts inconspicuous. Sepals 5, per-
sistent. Petals 0; staminodes 0 or small in the same species. Stamens
0-3, rarely many. Ovary free, globose or ellipsoid, 3-5-celled ; styles
3-5, linear or very small; ovules"many, axile. Capsule membranous,
sheathed by the sepals, 3-5-celled, dehiscing dorsally, Seeds several in
each cell, rarely 1, reniform, appendaged or not at the hilum; embryo
annular.—Distris. Species 12, tropical and subtropical.

Motivco PENTAPHYLLA, Linn. Spec. Plantar, ed. 1 (1753), 89. A
few inches high, glabrous; stems much-branched, leafy, varying from
oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate-acute to obovate-obtuse, contracted at the
base, subsessile or sessile, from less than ‘5 in. to more than 2 in.
in length. Panicles compound, terminal, many times longer than the
leaves. Sepals elliptic or rotund, blunt. Stamens 3 to 5, short; fila-
ments rather broad, compressed. Capsule globose, as long'as the sepals,
thin-walled, many seeded. Seeds dark-brown, tubercled ; embryo curved.
W.& A. Prodr. 44; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 16; Kurz in Journ, As.
Soc. 1877, Part II, 111. M. triphylla, Lour. Fl.. Cochine. 79; DC.
Prodr. I, 392; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 9, Fl. Ind. I, 360; Wall. Cat. 651; W,
& A. Prodr. 44. M. Linkii, Seringe in DC. 1c. WM. stricta, Linn, Sp.
Pl. ed. II, 131; DC. Prodr. I, 391; Roxb. l.c.; Wall. Cat. 650; W.
& A. Prodr, 44; Dalz. & Gibs. 1,c.; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind.
II, 663: Pharnaceum strictum, triphyllum and pentaphyilum, Spreng.
Syst. I, 949.—Rheede Hort. Mal. x. t. 26.

In all the Provinces, near cultivated places.—Distris. General
throughout S. E. Asia,

Order LV. UMBELLIFERA. Pea”

Herbs (rarely in non-Indian species shrubs or trees). Leaves alter-
nate, usually divided or dissected, sometimes simple, petiole generally —
597

70 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

sheathing at the base; stipules 0. Flowers hermaphrodite or polyga-
mous, in compound umbels (simple in Hydrocotyle and Bupleurum),
exterior of the umbel sometimes radiant; umbels with involucriform
bracts at the base of the general one and bracteoles at the base of the
partial ones (umbellules).. Calyz-iube adnate to the ovary, limb 0 or
5-toothed. Petals 5, epigynous, often unequal, and with a median fold
on the face, plane or emarginate or 2-lobed with the apex inflexed ;
imbricated in bud, in Hydrocotyle sometimes valvate. Stamens 9, epigy-
nous. Ovary inferior, 2-celled, disc 2-lobed; styles 2, stigmas capi-
tellate; ovules 1 in each cell, pendulous. Fruit of 2 indehiscent
dorsally or laterally compressed carpels, separated by a commissure ;
carpels each attached to and often pendulous from a slender often
forked axis (carpophore), with 5 primary ridges (1 dorsal, 2 marginal
and 2 intermediate) and often 4 secondary ones intercalated between
these; pericarp often traversed by oil-canals (vittee). Seed 1 in each
carpel, pendulous, albumen cartilaginous ; embryo small, next the hilum,
radicle superior.—Distris. Species about 1,500, mainly in Hurope,
North Africa, West Central and North Asia; a few are North American,
tropical, and natives of the Southern Hemisphere.

Creeping unarmed herbs eee ove .. 1. HYDROCOTYLE.
Erect spinous herbs ... oee Ges .. 2. ERYNGIUM,

1. Hyprocotyte, Linn.

Prostrate herbs, rooting at the nodes. eaves (in the Indian
species) cordate or hastate, not peltate, round or 5-9-gonal, subentire or
palmately lobed, palmate-nerved, long-petioled ; stipules small, scarious.
- Umbels (in the Indian species) simple, small; bracts small or 0; flowers
white, sometimes unisexual. Calyx-teeth O or minute. Petals entire,
valvate or imbricate. Fruit laterally compressed, commissure narrow ;
carpels laterally compressed or sub-pentagonal ; lateral primary ridges
concealed within the commissure, or distant therefrom and prominent;
vitte 0, or most slender, obscure; carpophore 0. Seed laterally com-
pressed.—Distris. Species 70; in wet places in tropical and temperate
regions, more numerous in the Southern Hemisphere.

Petals acute, valvate; fruit with no secondary ridges;

pericarp thin 5 Se Hs 1. H. javanica.
Petals obtuse, imbricate; fruit with prominent secondary
ridges, the pericarp thickened ... + ... 2. H. asiatica.

1. Hyprocoryte gavanica, Thunb. Dissert. Hydrocot. n. 17, t. 2:
ed. Pers, II, 415, t. 2. Leaves reniform, 5-6-lobed, the lobes irregularly
crenate, sometimes sub-entire, 1 to 3 in. broad. Peduncles long, slender,
often clustered. Petals acute, valvate. Fruit much compressed, the

598

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 71

secondary ridges absent; pericarp thin, blackish. DC. Prodr. IV. 67;
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. I. Pt. {, 734; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, Pt. II.
113; Clarke in Hook fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 667. H. hispida, Don Prodr.
183. H. nepalensis, Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 30; Wall. Cat. 561; DC. Le. 65;
Mig. lc. 735. H. zeylanica, DC. lc. 67; W.& A. Prodr. 366; Mig.
le. 734. H. hirsuta, Blume Bijd. 884. H. polycephala, W. & A. Prodr,
366; Wight. Ic. t. 1003. H. hirta, R. Br. var. acutiloba, F. Muell. ;
Benth. Fl. Austral. III. 340. H. Heyneana, Wall. Cat. 563. 4H. strigosa,
Ham. in Wall. Cat. 7219.

Perak ; and probably in all the other provinces except the Anda-
man and Nicobar Islands.—Distris, The Malay Archipelago, Australia,
Philippines.

2. Hyprocoryze astatica, Linn. Sp. Pl, 234. Leaves rotund-reni-
form, the margins not lobed but uniformly crenate or dentate, some-
times sub-entire, *5 to 2 in. broad. Peduncles short, often 2 or 3 together.
Petals obtuse, imbricate. Fruit compressed, secondary ridges prominent,
pericarp thickened. Roxb. Hort. Beng. 31: Fl. Ind. II, 88; Wall. Cat.
560; DC. Prodr. IV, 62; W. & A. Prodr. 366; Wight Ic. t. 565;
Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. FI. 105; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, Pt. II,
113 ; Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 669. H. Wightiana, Wall. Cat.
7220. H. lurida, Hance in Walp. Ann. II, 690.—Rheede Hort. Mal.
X. t. 46.

AnpaMAn Is~anps; Perax.—Disrris. Tropical and sub-tropical re-
gions.

2. Erynaium, Linn.

Spinescent, glabrous, erect, perennial herbs (the Indian species).
Leaves spinous-toothed, entire lobed or dissected. Flowers in simple
heads, each bracteolate; bracts whorled, spinulose (in Indian species).
Calyz-tube covered with ascending hyaline scales; teeth rigid, acute.
Petals whitish, narrow, erect, emarginate, scarcely imbricate. Fruit
ellipsoid, nearly cylindric: carpels dorsally subcompressed, subconcave
on the inner face; primary ridges obtuse not prominent, secondary 0;
vitte in the primary ridges inconspicuous or 0, with some very slender
scattered in the endocarp: carpophore 0. Seed semi-terete, dorsally
subcompressed, subconcave on the inner face.—Distris. Species 100,
temperate and tropical; plentiful in Western Asia.

Eryngium retipum, Linn, Sp. Pl. 232, (in part.) Erect, unbranched
below, dichotomously branched above. Leaves radical, oblong-oblan-
ceolate, coarsely serrate, glabrous, 4 to 9 in. long and not more than
1 in. broad. Bracts of inflorescence all spinous-toothed; the lower
deeply lobed; the upper smaller (about 1 in. long), lanceolate, not

599

72 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

lobed, whorled. Flowers in dense cylindric spikes, less than 1 in. long
DC. Prodr. IV, 94.
SiyGapore: King’s Collector 338.

Order LVII. CORNACEA.

Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite or alternate, more or less coria-
ceous, usually petiolate, entire, rarely serrate or lobed, often unequal
at the base, exstipulate. lowers usually small, regular, hermaphrodite
or unisexual, in axillary or terminal cymes, panicles or capitules.
Calyz-tube adherent to the ovary; the limb truncate or 4—5-toothed
or lobed, valvate or imbricate, persistent at the apex of the fruit.
Petals 4-5, sometimes as many as 20, or none, valvate or imbricate.
Stamens inserted with the petals and equal to them in number, rarely
2 or 3times as many. Ovary inferior, 1-4-celled, crowned by a large
fleshy or rarely small disc. Style single, long or short; stigma trun-
cate, capitate or pyramidal, sometimes lobed. Ovules solitary in each
cell (rarely 2), pendulous from the apex. Fruit baccate, (the pulp
often scanty), usually 1-celled, sometimes as many as 4-celled. Seed
oblong, pendulous, with copious fleshy albumen; embryo axile minute
or often large with flat leafy cotyledons,—Distris. Species about 90,
widely scattered but most abundant in the temperate regions of the
Northern Hemisphere.

Flowers*hermaphrodite :— 4
Petals not larger than the lobes of the calyx; anthers
short, ovate and cordate; style short... .. J.) Masri
Petals much longer than the lobes of the calyx ; anthers
long, linear; style elongate ... aos «. 2, ALANGIUM.
Flowers unisexual ... «3 eee .. 3. Nyssa.

1. Mastixia, Blume.

Trees, young parts more or less pubescent. Leaves alternate or
opposite, petioled, entire. Flowers hermaphrodite, often 2-bracteolate,

small, in terminal many-flowered cymose panicles; bracts small or

lengthened, pedicels short or 0, jointed under the flower. Calya-tube
campanulate, pubescent or silky ; limb 5-4-toothed. Petals 5-4, ovate,
leathery, valvate, pubescent, silky. Stamens 5-4; anthers cordate-ob-
long. Ovary 1-celled; disc fleshy; style cylindric, simple; ovule 1,
pendulous from one side of the cell very near its summit. Drupe ellip-
soid or ovoid, crowned by the calyx-teeth or a scar; putamen grooved
down one face; endocarp protruded inwards down one side. Seed ellip-
soid ; albumen fleshy ; embryo small, radicle elongate, cotyledons thin,
- elliptic—Disrris. Species 18; S. India and Malaya, .

600

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 73

Leaves alternate ; bracts of the inflorescence dimorphous 1. M. bracteata,
Leaves alternate or opposite :—
Bracts of the inflorescence all small, triangular, con-

cave, puberulous, not in whorls ... 2, M. Scortechinit.

Bracts of inflorescence in whorls at the ‘tana of the

flower-pedicels, broad we aa .. 8 M. gracilis.
Leaves opposite :—

Flowers 5-merous ... ee ay .. 4 M, Maingayi.

Flowers 4—merous ... os ies ... ©. M. Clarkeana.

1. Masrrxra Bracteata, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 746.
A tree 40 or 50 feet high: young branches slender, glabrous. Leaves
alternate, thinly coriaceous, olivaceous-green when dry, abruptly bluntly
and shortly acuminate, the base cuneate; both surfaces glabrous, the
lower faintly reticulate; main-nerves 5 or 6 pairs, ascending, curved,
impressed on the upper but asleep on the lower surface: length
1:75 to 3 in.; breadth ‘75 to 1°35 in.; petiole ‘25 to ‘5 in. Cymes ter-
minal, °75 to 15 in. long, pean te many-flowered, bracteate; the
bracts of two sorts; those at the bases of the branches linear-oblong,
blunt, l-nerved, glabrous, longer than the flowers; those at the bases
of the flowers much smaller, lanceolate, puberulous. Flowers a little
over ‘lin. long. Calyx funnel-shaped, the tube adpressed-silky outside ;
the mouth expanded, glabrous, wavy but scarcely distinctly toothed,
Corolla hemispheric in bud: petals adnate by their edges, broadly ovate,
silky externally. Anthers 5, broadly ovate, cordate at the base; fila-
ments short. Disc large, fleshy, 5-toothed, each tooth with an oblong
depression in the middle. Style short, grooved. Fruit unknown.

Matacca: Maingay (K.D.) 710. Perak: Kunstler 6830.

2. Mastrxra Scortecuini, King n. sp. A small tree; young bran-
ches slender, angled, glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-oblong or
oblanceolate, much attenuate to the base, the apex shortly and bluntly
acuminate; both surfaces glabrous, pale olivaceous when dry, the lower
the palest; main-nerves 4 or 5 pairs, ascending, slender; length 1°75 to
2-5 in.; breadth ‘85 to 1:25 in.; petiole ‘25 to ‘5 in. Cymes corymbose,
terminal, several together, 1:25 to 1:75 in. long, puberulous; the
branches short, angled; bracts at the bases of the branches and of the
flowers similar, small, triangular, concave, puberulous, Flowers sessile ;
calyz-tube narrowly campanulate, the mouth with 5 distinct triangular
teeth. Corolla depressed-globose in bud. Petals 5, puberulous outside,
ovate, acute. Stamens 5: anthers broadly ovate, cordate at the base:
filaments short. Disc fleshy, cushion-like, with 5 short lobes. Ovary
1-celled ; style short, grooved, stigma peltate. Fruitunknown. MUM. brac-
teata Scortechini MSS. (not of Clarke). wee

Perak: Scortechint 1971.

601

74 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

This much resembles a leaf specimen issued by Koorders and Valeton
(No. 914) from Herb. Buitenzorg as M. trichotoma, Bl. I have not seen Blume’s type
of this species. But in his Bijdragen he describes its flowers as tetramerous. A
Sumatra specimen collected by Beccari (P.S. 956) which has ripe fruit but no
flowers probably belong to this. These fruits are narrowly oblong, tapering to
each end, smooth, slightly over an inch in length and about ‘35 in. in diam. (when
dry). M. Scortechinii much resembles M. bracteata, Clarke; but differs in having
bold acute calyx-teeth, and only one kind of bracts on the inflorescence.

3. Masrrxia gracitis, King n. sp. A small tree; young branches
slender, angled, smooth, yellowish. Leaves thinly coriaceous, lanceolate,
tapering much to the base and still more to the much acuminate apex ;
both surfaces pale olivaceous-green when dry, glabrous; the upper
shining, the lower somewhat dull; main-nerves 8 to 14 pairs, ascend-
ing, very little curved, faint on both surfaces ; length 2°25 to 4°5 in.;
breadth ‘8 to 1:5 in.; petioles varying from °2 to ‘25 in. Cymes in
threes, terminal, about a third or a fourth the length of the leaves,
on short angled peduncles, the branches short and crowded at their
apices, many-flowered, with a whorl of minute broad bracts at the base
of flower pedicels. Flowers about ‘1 in. long, their pedicels about as
long, ovoid. Calyx campanulate; the tube puberulous, slightly fur-
rowed; the mouth wavy, indistinctly 5-toothed. Petals 5, oblong-ovate,
adherent by their edges, concave, leathery. Stamens 5; anthers oblong,
bifid: filaments short. Disc small. Style short, conical: stigma con-
cave. Fruct unknown.

Perak: at an elevation of about’5,000 feet ; Wray 1528.

4, Mastixta Matneayi, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 746.
A tall tree ; young branches, petioles, under surfaces of leaves, branches
and bracts of the inflorescence and the outer surfaces of the calyx
and petals densely and softly rusty-tomentose. Leaves opposite, coria-
ceous, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, the apex shortly and abruptly acumi-
nate, the base cuneate; upper surface glabrous, greenish when dry,
the midrib and nerves impressed ; the tomentum on the lower surface
pale brown; main-nerves 6 to 8 pairs, ascending, curved, very pro-
minent on the lower surface and connecting nerves transverse; length
4 to 6 in.; breadth 1:5 to3in.; petioles unequal, ‘75 to lin. Cymes
branched, on peduncles 1°5 to 2 in. long, terminal, longer than the
leaves; the bracts at the bases of the branches small, oblong. Flowers
numerous, ‘15 in. long. Calye campanulate, deeply 4-lobed ; the lobes
broadly ovate, obtuse. Petals 4, similar in shape to the sepals but
smaller, concave, adnate by their edges. Stamens 4, inserted on a
thick fleshy cushion-like circular dise by short filaments ; anthers short,
broadly ovate, cordate, introrse. Ovary one-celled, crowned by the
fleshy disc. Fruit ellipsaid, not compressed, attenuate towards the
apex, smooth, 1:2 in. long and °6 in, in diam.

602

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 75

Matacca: Maingay (K.D,) 711. Stneapore: 7. Anderson, Kurz.

Var. sub-tomentosa, King. The tomentum minute, the panicles some-
what shorter, otherwise as in the typical form. M. Junghuhniana,
Clarke not of Miq. in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 746.

Singapore: Ridley 6293, 63:40. Prnane: Curtis 1564. Mauacca:
Maingay (K.D.) 709.

5. Masrrxra Cuarkeana, King n. sp. A tree 40 to 60 feet high ;
youug branches slender, striate, glabrous. Leaves opposite, thinly
coriaceous, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, narrowed to the rounded or
sub-acute base; the apex rather abruptly and somewhat bluntly acu-
minate; both surfaces glabrous, the upper pale olivaceous-green, the
lower dull, pale brownish when dry; main-nerves 5 to 6 or 7 pairs,
ascending, slightly curved, impressed on the upper surface, prominent
on the lower; length 3 to 4 in.; breadth 1 to 1°35 in.; petiole °3 to °35
in. Oymes terminal, nearly as rete as (or sometimes longer than) the
leaves, pedunculate, with rather numerous many-flowered angular
puberulous branches: bracteoles minute, opposite in pairs, lanceolate
or ovate, concave. Flowers ‘1 in. long, sessile. Calyx funnel-shaped,
pubescent outside, the month with 4 deep broadly ovate teeth. Corolla
depressed-globular in bud. Petals 4, nearly as long as the calyx-teeth,
ovate-rotund, concave. Stamens 4: anthers short, ovate-rotund, fila-
ments short. Disc fleshy, 4-lobed. Aigle short, compressed. Stigma
concave. Fruit unknown.

Perak: Scortechini 98, 625, 869; King’s Collector 10861.

Var. macrophylla, King. Leaves ovate-elliptic, shortly acuminate ;
main nerves 7 pairs: flowers as in the typical form.

Perak: Scortechini 10575.

There are in Herb. Cal. specimens belonging to four distinct species of Mastiza
which are too imperfect to be named, and which I have been unable to match with
any already described species. These are as follows :—

(a). Two gatherings (Wray 1234 and King’s Collector 2907) of a plant collected
atan elevation of from 3000 to 3400 feet in Perak which is evidently a Mastizia.
In their leaves these resemble M. Maingayi, Clarke, var. swb-tomentosa, King; but
the under surfaces are more glabrous and the main-nerves are rather more oblique
than in that plant; the young branches are moreover of a dark colour and almost
glabrous, while those of M. Maingayi are pale and rufescently tomentose. These
specimens are in fruit, and none of them has a single flower. The fruit is narrowly
ellipsoid, attenuate gradually to the apex, smooth, 1'2 in. long, and*4in. in diam,
While the leaves suggest a relationship to M. Maingayi, the remains of the calyx-
lobes at the apex of the fruit, which are 4-lobed, suggest perrape a still closer
affinity to the tetramerous species M. Clarkeana, King.

(b). A specimen from Penang (Herb. Curtis 919) which is in fruit only.

(c). Specimens of a tetramerous species (in fruit only) from the Andamans
with leaves otherwise like those of M, pentandra, B],, but obscurely serrate.

603

76 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

(d). Two specimens collected by Mr. Wray at an elevation of 6,700 feet in
Perak, These are in fruit; their leaves resemble those of M. gracilis, King, but
have the main-nerves fewer but bolder.

2. Atancium, Lamk.

Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, petiolate, entire, persistent.
Flowers in axillary fascicles or short cymes, hermaphrodite, hairy,
jointed on their pedicels; bracts small or 0. Calyzx-tube adnate to the
ovary, the limb toothed or truncate. Petals 5 or 6 (rarely more),
linear-oblong, valvate, sometimes becoming reflexed. Stamens equal
in number to or twice as many as the petals or more; the anthers, long,
inear; the filaments short compressed, often hairy. Ovary inferior,
1- to 3-celled, or l-celled at the apex and 2- to 3-celled at the base,
surmounted by a fleshy disc: style very long often clavate; stigma
large, capitate or pyramidal; ovule pendulous. Fruit a berry, often
with very scanty pulp, crowned by the slightly enlarged calyx. Seed
oblong, compressed ; albumen fleshy, sometimes ruminate; cotyledons
leafy, flat or crumpled: radicle long or short.—Distris. About 16
species, in tropical and sub-tropical Asia and Africa, Australia, Poly-
nesia.

Stamens (in Malayan specimens) more than 6 (usuaily
15 to 20): fruit only slightly compressed... . lL. A. Lamarckiv.
Stamens 5 or 6; fruit much compressed :—
Leaves oblique, membranous :—
Cymes on comparatively long podimdeices much-branch- —
ed, many-flowered P: = .. 2, A. uniloculare.
Leaves not oblique, coriaceous :—
Cymes on short peduncles; flowers 6 to 12, shortly
pedicelled and ‘1 in. in diam.; leaves glabrous above

and minutely scaly underneath ewe . 8. A. ebenuceum.
Cymes sessile, 3- to 5-flowered; flowers ‘25 in. in
diam.; leaves glabrous on both surfaces . 4 A. Ridleyi.

Cymes on very short peduncles, 4- to 8-flowered :
flowers ‘1 in. in diam.; leaves tomentose or pubescent
on lower surface ... ae we «. 5. A.nobile.

1, Atancium Lamarcku, Thwaites Enum, Pl. Ceyl. 133. A shrub
or small tree. eaves variable in form and size, those of the Malayan
specimens oblong-elliptic, elliptic to elliptic-ovate or ovate-rotund, the
base rounded or slightly cordate, the apex with a short blunt apiculus ;
upper surface glabrous or nearly so, the lower witha few scattered hairs ;
main-nerves 4 or 5 pairs, reticulations distinct; length 3 to 6 in.;
breadth 2 to 35 in ; petiole ‘2 to °3in. Flowers in short dense fascicles
of 4 to 8, about 75 in. long; peduncles, pedicels and outside of calyx

rusty-tomentose. Calyx cupular, slightly 6-toothed. Petals lanceolate,
604

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 77.

sub-acute, externally hairy, inside glabrous but with a hairy mesial
line. Stamens about 18, two opposite each petal and one opposite each:
sepal, free ; filaments slender pilose ; anthers linear reaching almost to
the apices of the petals. Disc annular, wavy. Style as long as the
stamens, 6-grooved; stigma 3-lobed. Fruit ellipsoid, slightly com-
pressed, contracted below the disc-bearing mouth, densely and minutely
tomentose, *75 to 1 in. long and ‘65 in. in diam. Dalz. & Gibs.
Fl. Bombay 109; Brandis For. Fl. N.-W. India 250; Clarke in Hook. fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. II, 741; Trimen Fl. Ceylon I, 285. A. decapetalum, Lamk.
Dict. I, t. 174; DC. Prodr. III, 203; Wall. Cat. 6884; W. & A.
Prodr. 325; Wight Ic. + 194 Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. J, Pt. I, 774; Kurz For.
Fl. I, 543. A. hewapetalum, Lamk. and DC. ll. c.; Roxb. Hort. Beng. 38,
Fl. Ind. If, 502; Wall. Cat. 6883; W. & A. Prodr. 326 ; Wight Ill. t.
96. A. sundanum, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat.I, Pt. I, 774; Kurz. l.c, A. tomen-
tosum, Lamk. and DC. ll. c.; Wall. Cat. 6885. A. latifoliwm, Miq. m
Pl. Hohenack. No. 719.—Rheede Hort. Mal, IV, tt. 17, 26.

Perak: Scortechini; King’s Collector 5590. Sincapore; Ridley
6020.—Distris. Brit. India, Malayan Archipelago, S. China, Philippines,
East Africa.

Var, glandulosa, Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 742. A large
climber. A. glandulosa, Thw. Enum. Pl. Ceyl. 133; Trimen Fl. Ceyl.
II, 286.

Anpaman and Nicopar Istanps. Distrip. C£yYLon.

2. ALANGIUM UNILOCULARE, King. A tree 30 to 60 feet high; young
branches minutely rusty-pubescent, slender. Leaves membranous,
obliquely ,ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, the base
unequal, one side rounded the other acute, the edges somewhat wavy ;
upper surface glabrous except the tomentose midrib and pubes-
cent main-nerves; the lower sparsely sub-adpressed pubescent and
minutely glandular; main-nerves 4 to 6 pairs, ascending, the lower
on one side much branched, all slightly prominent on both surfaces ;
the main-veins sub-parallel; length 3°5 to 55 in.; breadth 1°75 to
2:25 in.; petiole ‘25 to °3 in., villous. Cymes axillary, about one-
third of the length of the leaves, pedunculate; the branches spread-
ing, rusty pubescent, many-flowered. Flowers about *4 in. long, with
subulate bracteoles and short pedicels. Calyx-tube funnel-shaped, not
grooved, the mouth minutely toothed. Petals 5, linear ; anthers linear ;
filaments short, broad, woolly at the apex. Style cylindric, pubescent ;
stigma subglobose. Fruit ovate in outline, much tapered to the apex,
compressed, faintly ridged when dry, ‘6 in. long and ‘35 in. broad when
dry. Marlea unilocularis, Griff. Notul. IV, 679, M. Grifithi, Clarke
in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind. II, 742. ~ a nar |

605

78 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Matacea: Griffith (K.D.) 3387; Maingay 708. Perak: Wray
2927, 3486 ; Scortechini 1914; King’s Oollector—many numbers.

3. ALANGUIM EBENACEUM, Griffith MSS. A tree 30 to 70 feet
high ; young branches rather slender, smooth, dark-coloured when dry.
Leaves coriaceous, oblong, slightly acuminate, the base cuneate or round-
ed; upper surface glabrous, the lower with numerous minute pale
scales; main-nerves 13 to 16 pairs, spreading, very slightly curved,
prominent on the lower surface; length 6 to 10 in.; breadth 25 to 4
in.; petiole ‘35 to ‘8 in. long. Cymes from as long to twice as long as
the petioles, on short peduncles, axillary, branched, 6- to 12-flowered.
Flowers sessile, ‘65 in. long, and only ‘1 in. in diam. Calyx cupular
slightly grooved; the mouth truncate, slightly toothed, Petals 6
(sometimes only 5), linear, minutely pubescent externally. Stamens
6. (or 5) ; anthers about as long as the petals, linear; filaments short,
compressed, woolly in front. Style cylindric-clavate, shortly hairy ;
stigma pyramidal. Fruit ovate in outline, compressed, faintly ridged,
about 1 in, long and ‘6 in. wide. Marlea ebenacea, Clarke in Hook. fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. I, 742. |

Mauacca: Griffith (K.D.) 3384. Maingay (K.D.) 706. Prrax:
Wray 3302; Scortechini 1963; King’s Collector 3252, 5363, 6562, 6626.

4, Ataneium Ripteyt, King. A tree; young branches covered
with minute deciduous scales and hairs, rather slender. Leaves cori-
aceous, elliptic, sometimes slightly obovate, shortly and bluntly acumi-
nate, the base cuneate; both surfaces glabrous ; main-nerves 10 pairs
spreading, slightly curved upwards, bold and prominent on the lower
surface; connecting veins parallel, faint ; length 6 to 8 in.; breadth
2°5 to 3:5 in.; petioles ‘9 to 1:3in. Cymes as long as or rather shorter
than the petioles, sessile, 3- to 5-flowered. Flowers nearly 1 in. long,
‘25 in. in diam. their pedicels *2 to *25 in. long, minutely velvety-
tomentose like the outside of the calyx and petals. Calyx campanulate,
slightly furrowed, the mouth wide truncate. Petals 6, thick, grooved
and minutely hairy inside, oblong-lanceolate, sub-acute. Stamens some-
what shorter than the petals; anthers narrowly linear, with a tuft of
hairs at the base; filaments short flat almost glabrous. Style slender
clavate ; stigma deeply furrowed, disc 6-angled cushion-like, glabrous.
Fruit unknown. |

Sineapvore, in the Botanic Garden Jungle, Ridley 4941.

Ridley’s specimens are withont fruit. Mr. Wray has sent from Perak some
specimens (Herb. Wray 3632) of a plant in fruit which in spite of its considerably
larger leaves (nearly a foot long), may be conspecific with this. These fruits are

narrowly ellipsoid, much compressed and deeply furrowed, narrowly to the base,
less so to the truncate apex. A. costata, Boer]. MSS. is the nearest ally of both. —

606

Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. 79

5, ALANGIUM NoBILE, Harms. A tree 60 to 100 feet high: young
branches and petioles velvety rusty-tomentose, Leaves coriaceous,
elliptic to ovate-elliptic, rarely slightly obovate, entire, the base slightly
cordate rarely sub-acute, the apex blunt or very shortly and bluntly
acuminate; upper surface almost glabrous, the midrib and nerves min-
utely tomentose: lower surface densely and minutely tomentose or
pubescent ; main-nerves 8 to.10 pairs, spreading, slightly curved, very
bold on the lower surface when dry, the secondary nerves transverse
and bold; length 4°5 to 12 in.; breadth 3 to 6°5 in.; petiole ‘8 to 1°75
in. Oymes on very short peduncles, 4- to 8-flowered, shorter or slightly
longer than the petioles. Flowers °5 or ‘6 in. long and ‘] in. in diam. ;
their pedicels very short and thick. Calyx narrowly campanulate ;
deeply 6-grooved ; the mouth with 6 deep lanceolate spreading teeth.
Petals thick, narrowly oblong, sub-acute, tomentose, especially outside,
sub-glabrous inside. Stamens 6, shorter than the petals, filaments
short villous inside; anthers linear. Style cylindric, adpressed villous ;
stigmas linear. Disc glabrous, deeply 6-lobed. Fruit compressed,
ridged, ellipsoid in outline, slightly contracted at both ends, tomentose,
about 1 in. long and °65 in. broad. Mar lea nobilis, Clarke in Hook. fil.
Fl. Br. Ind. IT, 743.

Matacea: Griffith (K.D.) 3384, 3385. Maingay (K.D. ); ; 705, 707.
Perak: King’s Collector 6047, 6116, 10892. Sin@apore: Mazingay;
Ridley 5077.

Beccari collected in Borneo specimens (Herb. Becc. P.B. 3611) of a species

closely allied to this, the flowers of which are however longer (°85 in.) with the
calyx-tube much less prominently grooved.

3. Nyssa, Linn.

Trees (or shrubs), innovations silky. Leaves alternate, petioled,
entire. Flowers capitate, on axillary peduncles, polygamo-diccious, 1
or few females and many males in a head, each 3-4-bracteolate, or the
males irregularly coalescing. Mate: calyx short, cup-shaped, 5-7-
toothed ; petals 5-7, imbricate, hairy; stamens usually 10 (in the
Indian species) around a large circular disc; rudiment of the ovary 0
or small. Femate: calyx-tube campanulate; limb 5-toothed; petals
0 or minute; rudimentary stamens none; ovary 1-celled; style cylin-
dric, simple or shortly 2-fid; ovule solitary, pendulous. Berry oblong
orovoid. Albumen copious; cotyledons flat, leafy, nearly as broad as
the seeds.—Disrris. Species 5-6, in N. America, and from Sikkim to Java.

Nyssa SESsILIFLORA, Hook. fil. in Gen. Plantar. I, 952. A tree.

Leaves sub-coriaceous, oblanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate tapering to
each end, length 4 to 8in.; breadth 1°5 to 2'5 in.; petiole ‘6 to ‘8 in. ;

both surfaces minutely punctate; main-nerves 6 to 8 pairs, spreading.

607

80 Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula.

Peduncles puberulous, ‘5 to lin. long. Ripe fruit oblong-ovoid, smooth,
crowned by the small circular calyx, ‘6 to *75 in. long when dry.
Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Br. Ind, II, 747. Daphniphyllopsis capitata, Kurz
For. Fl. I, 240; and in Journ. As. Soc. 1875, Pt. II, 201, with fig. Ilex
daphniphylloides, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 1870, Pt. II, 72. Agathisan-
thes javanica, Blume Bijd. 645; Miq. Fl. Ind, Bat. I. Pt. I. 839. Cerato-
stachya arborea, Blume Bijd. 644; Mig. l.c.

Perak: at elevat. of 3,400 feet, Wray.—Distris. Sumatra, Forbes
2880: Beccari (P.S.) 17, 335; Java; Trop. Hastern Himalaya; Khasia
Hills,

608

INDEX.

a

The figures given in this index are those of the /owey outer corners of the

pages of the text.

Abaumia excelsa, Becc., 167
ABRUS, Linn., 34
», acutifolius, Blume MSS., 35
» laevigatus, Z. Mey, 35
», melanospermus, Hassk., 35
», minor, Desv., 34
»» precatorius, Zzmv., 34
»» pulchellus, Wad/., 35
paucifiorus, Desv., 34
ACACIBAE, 30
ACACIA, Willd., 65
“e arrophula, Don, 250
», tceps, Willd., 246
» caesia, W. & A., 249
». ¢lata, Grah., 260
», Farnesiana, W2l/d., 248
»» foliolosa, Grah., 255
» frondosa, Willd., 246
» glauca, Willd., 246
» gvaveolens, Jack, 241
», tndica, Desv., 249
» Koeringa, Royle, 266
»» Lebbek, Willd., 258
» eucocephala, Link, 246
», lomatocarpa, DC., 259
»» marginata, Ham., 256
», myrtophylla, Grah., 255
», odoratessima, Willd., 259
»» pennata, Willd., 250
%> 93
250
3) 29
4, pluricapitata, Steud., 250
», polycephala, Grah., 250
»» procera, Willd., 260
»> pruinescens, Aurz, 249
», pseudo—Intsia, A7/zg., 249
var. ambigua, Prain, 249
»» Var. typica, 349
9. tr tssa, Ham., 258
= Smithiana, Wall., 256
» speciosa, Willd., 258
stipulata, DC.., "256
Acmena parvifiora, nc. 5> 39
» xtylanica, Thw., 539

” >”

Adamia chinensis, Gardn. et Champ., 298

3 cyanea, Wall., 298
1, versicolor, Forst., 298
ADENANTHEREAE, 30
ADENANTHERA, Linn., 242
BA bicolor, Moon, 243

“ei
oT eee
one” - Mad
“oe aan | a J

var. pleuricapitata, Bak.,

var. arrophula, Bak., 250

ADENAN THERA borneensis, Brace, 244
pavonina, Lzzn., 243
ADENIA, Forsk, 579
a sicuminata, King, 583
., cardiophylla, Zzg/., 581
»» nicobarica, Azng, 580
», populifolia, Zngl., 582
»» Singaporeana, Azel., 583
trilobata, Zzg/., 580
Aechmandra Blumeana, Roem., 383
* indica, Ann., 383
AESCHYNOMENE, Linn., 127

a aspera, Lznn., 128
= aspera, Wall., 128
Be cannabina, Retz, 83
e diffusa, Willd., 128

- indica, Linn., 128
_ zndica, var. aspera,

Hassk., 129
a paludosa, Roxb., 83
Be pumila, Linn., 128
x Roxburghit, Spr., 128
a trachyloba, Miq., 129
ee uliginosa, Roxb., 83

viscidula, Willd., 128
A¥ZELIA, Smith, 207
ip Bakert, Prain MSS., 209
a bijuga, 4. Gray, 208

a byjuga, Kurz, 209
#3 palembanica, Baker, 209
aa retusa, Kurz, 207

Agalma redivivum, Seem., 395
Aganope floribunda, Miq., "100
Agasta Astatica, Miers, 565

», .tndica, Miers, 565

», Splendida, Miers, 565
Agati grandtfiora, Desv., 84
AGELAEA, Soland., 17

a Diepenhorstii, Azzg, 20
” Hullettii, Azmg, 19
ns pinnata, King, 18

» - vestita, Hook. fil., 17
Wallichii, Hook. fi/., 18

Agisanthes javanica, B)., 608
Akar—Katop—katop, 192
Aker—pakidah, 106
Aker tapak—Kuda—merah, 192
Aker—tuba—tuba, 106
Aker—tuba, 107
ALANGIUM, Lam., 604

- costatum, oer, MEM 606 |

6 Index.

ALANGIUM, decapetalum, Lam., 605

2 ebenaceum, G7if7., 606
a glandulosum, Thw., 605
+f hexapetalum, Lam., 605

‘ lattifolium, Miq., 605

os Lamarckii, 7hw., 604

var. glandulosa,
Clarke, 605

+] 93

x nobile, Harms, 607

. Ridleyi, Azug, 606

is sundanum, Miq., 605
4 tomentosum, Lam., 605

uniloculare, King, 605
ALBIZIA, Durazz., 254
i. bubalina, Kurz, 267
s latifolia, Boiv., 258
mA Lebbek, Benth., 257
es littoralis, Teysm. and Binn., 257

- fasciculata, Kurz, 270

aA lucida, Benth., 260

a micrantha, Boiv., 259

ma myriophylla, Benth., 254
é. odoratissima, Benth., 259

- pedicellata, Baker, 258

Ee procera, Benth., 259

«f splendens, Miq., 264

a stipulata, Bozv., 255

var. stipulis persts- |
tentibus, Miq., 256

var. typica, Miq., 256

var. vegeta, Miq., 256

39 3

23 9
9) 99

= umbrosa, Benth., 253
ALLOMORPHIA, Blume, 418
ss alata, Scort. MSS., 420
ce exigua, B/., 418
es a var. minor, Xing,
419
» Wrayi, King, 419

Griffithit, Hook., 453
Almond, East Indian, 332
ALISICARPUS, Neck., 132

e diverstfolius, Wall., 133
— Harnieri, Schw., 133
- nummularifolius, DC., 133
ss vaginalis, DC., 132
is », Var. nummularifolia,
Mig.,133
a », Var. typica, Prazn,
3
varius, Wall., 133

ALSOMITRA, Bth. & Hook. fil., 386
~ cissoides, Roem., 384
" clavigera, Roem., 386
oA laxa, Roem., 384
Amaltas, 157
Ameletia acutidens, Miq., 347
tA elongata, Bl., 347
t indica, DC., 347
‘s latifolia, Wall., 347
», polystachya, Wall., 347

Amerimnum obovatum, Wall., 100
AMHERSTIEAE, 29

AMMANNIA, Linn., 346

Z baccifera, Zznn., 347

7; debilis, Ait., 348

ie tndica, Lamk., 348

i nana, Roxb., 347

- peploides, Spreng., 347

Le repens, Rottl., 347

. verticillata, Boiss, 348

vescicatorta, Roxb., 347

ANERINCLEISTUS, Korth., 423

= Curtisii, Stapf, 425

$5 floribundus, King, 425
a glomeratus, Azzg, 426
is macranthus, Ang, 423
- Scortechinii, Azmg, 424

sublepidotus, Azug, 425
Anictoclea Grahamiana, Nimmo, 575 ;
ANISOPHYLLEA, Br., 322

* ’apetaia, Scort., 323

oe Curtisiil, Azmg, 326

zs disticha, Bazl/., 322

~ Gaudichaudiana, Baz//.,
324

5 grandiflora, Hensl., 324

= Griffithii, Olzv., 325

“a laurina, Sab., 323

. rhomboidea, Bazl/., 326

“ Scortechinii, Azug, 325

trapezotdalis, Baill., 323
Anisophyllum flavicans, Hook. fil. &

Thoms., 324
S. grande, Benth., 324
¥5 laurinum, Don, 323
trapezoidale, Baill., 323
ANPLECTRUM, A. Gray, 464
a anomalum, King & Staff,
466
* cyanocarpum, Kurz, 465
A divaricatum, Triana, 466
= glaucum, Triana, 465
- lepidoto-setosum, A7zug, 464

- pallens, Blume, 465
Arachis hypogaea, Ziuz., 125
ARALIACEAE, 386
ARALIA, Linn., 387

»» armata, Seem., 388

»» @igitata, Roxb., 396

», a@ubta, Spreng., 402

»» ferox, M17., 389

», Thomsoni, Seem., 388
ARALIDIUM, Migq., 389

pinnatifidum, 47Zzg., 389

Araliopsis andamanica, Kurz, 406
Arnoldia pinnata, Bl., 299
ARTHROPHYLLUM, Blume, 403

= Blumeanum, Zoll. et
Mor., 403
as diversifolium, B/., 403
- ellipticum, Bl., 403
“ javanicum, Bl., 403 hi
- ovalifolium, Jungh. et

De Vriese, 403 “i55

ARTHROPHYLLUM, pinnatum, Clarke, 403

Arthrosprion stipulatum, Hassk., 256
ASTRONIEAE, 4II
ASTRONIA, Blume, 474
9 smilacifolia, 77zana, 475
” ” var.

ATYLOsIA, W. & A., 45

ves crassa, Prain, 45

oo» glandulosa, Dalz., 46

mollis, Benth., 46

ees scarabaeoides, Benth., 46
Aubletia caseolaris, Gaertn., 355
Badamia Commersoni, Gaertn., 332
BAECKIA, Linn., 498

Sg Chinensis, Gaertn.. 498

ae Cumingiana, Schauer, 498

-* frutescens, Zznn , 498

oa Sumatrana, Bl., 498
BARRINGTONIA, Forst., 564

re acutangula, Gaertn., 570

4s alata, Wall., 566

ue alba, Miq., 567

» > a@statica, Kurz, 565

a augusta, Kurz, 569

* conoidea, G7zf7., 566

5 cylindrostachya, Griff., 568

= fusiformis, King, 570

- macrophytla, Miq., 565
a macrostachya, Az7z, 567
” musiformis, A7z7g, 569

+ pauciflora, King, 567
om pendula, Kurz, 568
me pterocarpa, Kurz., 569
oa racemosa, A’oxb., 566
“a sarcostachys, Miq., 568
55 spectosa, Forst., 565
Y speciosa, Wall., 567
= Scortechinii, A7zmg, 568
is spicata, B/., 571
sumatrana, ‘Mig. -» 569
Baryxylum rufum, Lour., 208
Batat, 225
BAUHINIEAE, 28
BAUHINEA, Linn., 175
“i acuminata, Lzmz., 179
albo-lutea, Prain, 181
- anguina, Kurz, 193
39 anguina, Roxd., 194

” Le)

a bidentata, Jack, 187

a Buchanant, Desv., 178
ms candida, Ait., 179

or Championi, Benth., 195
- cordifolia, Roxb., 191

. cornifolia, Baker, 186

a coromandeliana, DC., 180
pe corymbosa, 186

es Curtisii, Prain, 195

» diphylla, Ham., 178

», diptera, Blume, 193

lepidophylla,
Scort., 475

var. Horsfieldii, Watt
MSS., 194

Index.

BAUHINEA, é/ongata, Korth,, 181

emarginata, Bak., 188
emarginata, Jack, 188
emarginata, Mill, 188
Jerruginea, Korth., 185
ferruginea, Roxd., 184
ferruginea, Roxb., var. excelsa,
Bak., 183
5, Var. Griffithtana, Bak., 184
Jerruginea, Kurz, 182
Finlaysoniana, Grah., 190
glabrifolia, Baker, 193
glauca, Wall., 186
Griffithiana, Praiz, 183
Hullettii, Prazm, 183
integrifolia, Roxd., 191
Kingii, Prain, 189
Kochiana, Korth, 190
lucida, Wad/., 188
mollissima, Wad/., 180, 183
Pottsii, G. Don, 181
pipertfolia, Kurz, 193
purpurea, Wall., 179
purpurea, Zzzn., 180
purpurea, Zo\l. et Mor., 181
Ridleyi, Prazn, 185
scandens, Linn., 194
Scortechinii, Prain, 188
semibifida, Roxd., 182
speciosa, Roxb., 179
‘strychnoidea, Prainz, 195
stipularis, Korth., 182
tenuiflora, 186
tomentosa, Zzzn., 178
triandra, Roxb., 180
Wrayi, Praiz, 191

BEGONIACEAE, 584
BEGONIA, Linn., 585

andamensis, Parish, 588
borneensis, 593
bombycina, B/., 587
coespitosa, Mg., 590
cortacea, Hassk., 590
debilis, Azug, 588
elongata, Wall., 588
Forbesii, King, 586
guttata, Wall., 589
guttata, Wall., 588
‘Hasskarlii, Zoll, et Mor. » 590
hernandtfolia, Yook., “590
Herveyana, Azng, 591
isoptera, Dry., 586
isopteroidea, King, 587
Kunstleriana, A7zzg, 591
Lowiana, King, 595
Maxwelliana, Azzg, 594
megapteroidea, Kzmg, 593
paupercula, Azmg, 592
peltata, Hassk., 590
Perakensis, Atzg, 592
praeclara, Az7g, 594
repanda, B)., 587

8 Index.

BEGONIA, Scortechinii, A7zg, 590
= sinuata, Wall., 587
- subrotunda, Wall., 588
a Thaipingensis, A772, 589
re Thomsoni, DC., 596
a varians, 4. DC., 589
$5 venusta, Azmg, 593
Wrayz, Hemsl., 587
Benincasa cerifera, Savi, 379
i hispida, Cogn., 378
Biancaea Sappan, Tod., 229
os scandens, Tod., 229
Black Stris, 259
Blackwellia caryophyllacea, Zoll. et Mor.,
366
dasyantha, Turcz., 366
cs longifiora, Miq., 366
bs macrostachya, Turcz., 364
a propinqua, Wall., 365
spiralis, Wall., 365
BLASTUS, Lour., 420
. Cogniauxii, Stapf, 421
Brachypterum, 100
Brachypterum scandens, Benth., 101
* timorense, Benth., 101
floribundum, Miq., 105
Bradburya, Raf., 57
BRASSIOPSIS confluens, Seem., 402
Be Hainla, Seem., 406

“ palmata, Awrz, 405

3 », Var. andamanica, 406
BRUGUIERA, Lamk., 313

"i caryophylloides, B/., 315

cylindrica, W. & A., 316
madagascariensis, DC., 335
7 eriopetala, W. & A., 314
gymnorhiza, Lamk., 314
a partetosa, Griff., 315
parviflora, W. & A., 315
- parviflora, Wall., 315
= Rheedit, Miq., 314
a Rumphit, Bl., 315
Bryonia Blumet, Ser., 383
3 chetrophylla, Wall., 378
Cochin-chinensis, Lour., 376
a epigaea, Bl., 383
2 geminata, B)., 383
- grandis, Wall., 376
5 heterophylla, Bl., 383
- marginata, Bl., 383
oe palmata, Wall., 373
s tenella, Roxb., 383
umbetlata, Wall., 371
Bua “iring, 266
», Karbau, 265
Bucklandia populnea, 4. Br., 308
2 populifolia, Hf. & T., 308
Bunah Saga, 244
Bunga Talan, 213
Butea parvifiora, Roxb., 75
», sericophylla, Wall., 75
» eyrocarpa, Wall., 76

Butea acuminata, Wall., 78
Butonica Rumph, 565

,, alata, Miers, 566

», alba, Miers, 567

», t¢nclyta, Miers, 567

5, vacemosa, Miers, 567

rubra, Miers, 567

Cacoucia lucida, Hassk., 336

= trifoliata, DCy 436
Caesalpinaria, bth. & H. Jus 228
CAESALPINEAE, 152
CAESALPINEA, Linn., 225

a acanthobotrya, MWzg., 232
4 arborea, Zoll., 224

¥ bijuga, Wall., 227

‘3 Bonduc, Roxé., 226

* Bonducella, F/em., 226
“ cinclidocarpa, 47/79., 230

He crista, Thunb., 229
se dasyrachis, Miq., 225

x digyna, Rott/., 231

s Jerox, Hassk., 229

- Jerruginea, Dene, 224

Ss Finlaysoniana, Grah., 225
fiavicans, Grah., 231

‘ gracilis, Miq., 231

a hymenocarpa, Wall., 233.
me enermis, Roxb., 224

a japonica, Sieb. & Zucc., 229

a Nuga, Ait., 227

- oleosperma, Roxb., 231

fe paniculata, Desf., 227

- parviflora, Praznz, 230

3 es var. ? stipularis, 230
a ara var. typica, 230

4 pulcherrima, Szw., 228

4 Sappan, Zzzn., 228

mA scandeits, Koen, 227

e sepiaria, Roxb., 229
- sumatrana, Roxb., 235
93 sumatrana, Wall. 227

tortuosa, Roxb., #3)

CAJANEAR, 24
CAJANUS, Dee .» 46

™ bicolor, DC., 47

* flavus, DC. Az

~ vlandulosus, Dalz. & Gibs., 46

Ps indicus, Spreng., 47 -

. scarabacotdes, Thouars, 46
Caju gadelupa, Rumph., 95, 96, 207
Caju Lacca, 123
Calliandra Saman, Griseb., 252
Calliandra umbrosa, Benth., 253
Calycopteris floribunda, Lambk.; 333

A nutans, Kurz, 333
Calyptranthes capitellata, Ham., 561

* costata, Ham., 560 :

a cuneata, Hane » 560

> Jastigiata, Bl., 543

is grandis, Ham., 560

y Jambolana, NVilld., 561
9 mangiferifolia, Hance, 560

» oe
Paes
agit

; Th

Calyptranthes pyrtfolia, Bl., 529
Taina, Ham., 560

CANAVALIA, HE:; 62
= ensiformis, DC., 62

» », var. turgida, Bak., 64

vs gladiata, DC., 62
=e lineata, DC., 63.
+ obtusifolia, DC., 63
» obtustfolia, Bak., 63
turgida, Grah., 64

Cantherosper mune pauciflorum, Waa A.,

CARALLIA, Roxb., 318
is ceylanica, Arn., 319
» corymbosa, Arn., 319
», cuspidata, Bl., 319
ae eugenioidea, Ring, 320
» wntegerrima, DC., 318
», lancaefolia, Aoxd., 319
», lucida, Roxd., 318
», octopetala, Mull., 319
»» Scortechini, Azmg, 319
»» stnensts, Arn., 319
55 symmetrta, Rl., 319
timorensts, Bl., 319
Carandyje, Bont., 170
Careya macrostachya, Jack, 568
», pendula, Griff, 568
Carpopogon anguineum, Roxb., 66
~ giganteum, Roxb., 68
33 imbricatum, Roxb., 65
i monospermum, Roxb., 66
pruriens, Roxb., 69
CASEARIA, Jacq., 358
a acuminata, Wall., 322
pa albicans, Wa/l/., 360
“3 albicans, Clarke, 362

- andamanica, Azmg, 360
= Championit, Thw., 361
‘5 cinerea, Turcz., 360

pe Clarkei, King, 362

as esculenta, Roxd., 361

» ~ grewiaefolia, Vent., 360
He Kunstleri, Kzmg, 361
ms Lobbiana, Zurcz., 359
‘A macrocarpa, Clarke, 362
is subcuneata, Miq , 360
= vartabtles, Bl., 360
BS Zeylanica, Thw., 361
laevigata, Dalz., "361
Cassia, Linn., 153

», alata, Zzmn., 161

» angustissima, Lamk., 165

3, a@rborescens, Vahl, 158

>» Bacillus, Gaertn, 156

», 4racteata, Linn. f., 162

», Chinensis, Jacq., 161

»» coromandeliana, Jacq., 161

», esculenta, Roxb., 161

», Fistula, Zzzz., 156

»» frorida, Vahl, 164

» foetida, Salisb., 158

B

Index.

CassIA, foetida, Pers., 161
54 " Frutescens, Mill., 161
» gallinaria, Collad., 158
» glauca, Lamk., 157
»» Aerpetica, Jacq. 162
», hirsuta, Linn., 159
3,» Aumilis, Collad., 158
»» javanica, Linn., 156
», Leschenaultiana, DC., 165
»» mimosoides, Zzzn., 164
3°) 39
165
»» nhodosa, Ham., 155
», Obtusifolia, Zzzz., 159
i pi var. B Aig., 159
», occidentalis, Zzzz., 160
» palmata, Wall., 163
», vhombtfolia, Roxb., 157
»» sensittva, Roxb., 165
»» Slamea, Lamk., 163
»» sophera, Lzun., 161
», Sophera, Wall., 161
» sumatrana, Roxb., 164
» surattensis, Burm., 158
», Lagera, Lamk, 158
»» tenella, Roxb., 165
», timoriensis, DC., 162
a by var. typica, 163
163
3) 99
Val, 163
3» tomentosa, Wall., 160
» Tora, Linm., 158
” », var. B Z., 159
i » var. B W. & A., 159
»» Lora, Baker, 159
»» toroides, Roxb., 159
5, xanthocoma, Miq., 163
», Wallichiana, DC., 165
CASSIEAE, 28
Catappa domestica, Rumph., 332
oy litorea, Rumph., 332
se sylvestris, Rumph., 332
Centrosema Plumieri, Benth., 57
99 virginianum, 57
Cerastocarpum ? Maingayt, Clarke, 383
FS penangense, Clarke, 383
Ceratostachya arborea, B\., 608
Ceriops Candolleana, Arh 402
»» Roxburghiana, Avz., 316
Cinclidocarpus, Baker, 231
Citta, 65
Citta nigricans, Lour., 65
Chaenolobium septemjugum, Miq., 151
Chamaecrista, DC., 164
Chrysobalaneae, 275
Clavulium pedunculosum, fens 41
Clavimyrtus lineatus, Bl., 530
rler BL 535
CLITOREA, Linn., 56
cajanifolia, Benth., 57

‘ ”

var. Wallichiana, Bak.,

var. xanthocoma, J@q.,

var. chrysocoma, Koord. &

i0

Lndex.

CLITOREA, fuminensis, Vell., 58

%”
+P)

Ternatea, Lzum., 56
Plumiert, Juss., "38

Clypearia rubra, Rumph, 274
CNESTIS, Juss., 20

acuminata, Wall., 12
foliosus, Planch. MSS., 21
Jiaminea, Griff., 21
monodelpha, Roxb., 13
mimosoides, Jack., 15
zemeus, Planch. MSS., 21
platantha, Griff., 21
ramiflora, Grzff., 21
vestita, Wall., 17

Cacara evosa, Kuntze, 54
Cocculus-? flavicans, Wall., 324
Codariocalyx conicus, Hassk., 145 -

eyrioides, Hassk., 145

Collaea mollis, Grah., 46
COMBRETACEAE, 326
COMBRETUM, Linn., 335

Chinense, Roxd., 338

», var. Porterianum, 338

»» Var. pubescens, 339

», var. ternatum, 3338
elegans, Wall., 336
extensum, Aoxd., 337
Jormosum, Griff., 338
Griffithiz, Heurck, 338
Horsfeldtiz, Miq., 338
Kunstleri, Azmg, 340
latifolium, Bl., 338
leucanthum, Heurck, 338
lepidotum, Presl, 339
lucidum, Bi., 336
macrostachyum, Wall., 338
maluloea, Wall., 339
nigrescens, Azzg, 340
platyphyllum, Heurck., 338
Porteriana, Wall. MSS. » 338
rotundifolium, Roxb., 338
Scortechinii, Azz, 341
squamosum, Aoxb., 339
subalternans, Wall., 336
sundtacum, Mig., 337
ternatum, Wall., 338
tetralophum, Clarke, 336
trifoliatum, Vent., 336
undulatum, Wall., 336
Wightianum, WWall., 338
Wrayi, King, 339

CONNARACEAE, I
CONNARUS, Lin, 2

ellipticus, A772, 7
ferrugineus, Jack, 3
floribundus, Wall., 5
Soltosus, Jack, 21
Julgens, Wall., 15
gibbosus, Wadl., 5, 6
grandis, Jack, 7
hebephyllus, Azzg, 5
Maingayi, Hook, fil., 3

CONNARUS, mineusoides, Vahl, 14, 15
ay Nicobaricus, Azmg, 6
e oligophyllus, Wad/., 5, 3
a rugosus, Wall., 14
5 poate oie Jack, 4,7
ud stmilis, Bl.,

: Wallichiz, ‘Plan 7

Corallodendron holosericeum, Kuntze, 72
oe lithospermum, Kuntze, 74

sumatranum, Kuntze, 74

Cordylanthes JSrutescens, Bi., 366

CORNACEAE, 600

Coryzadenta trifoliolata, Griff., 343

CROTALARIA, Linn., 35

ne acuminata, G. Don, 39
- alata, Ham., 36

a albida, Heyne, 39

a anthylloides, Lamk, 37
i angulosa, Lamk, 39
btalata, Roxb.. 36

8 Browne2, Bert., 41

- brevipes, Champ., 37

aN calycina, Kurz, 37

es canescens, Wall., 38

a Chinensis, Lzn., 37

5 coerulea, Jacq., 39

a crassifolia, Ham., 3

a cunetfolia, Schrank, 39
5 elliptica, Roxb., 40

Ss ertantha, Sieb. & Zucc., 37
35 Jerruginea, Grah., 37
heterophylla, Linn. f., 42
. herbacea, Schweig, 40

# incana, Linn., 40

» « tetoloba, Bartl.,:38

i latifolia, Roxb., 41

Be laburnifolia, Lzmz., 41

“4 macrophylla, Weinm., 39
me macrophylla, WWilld., 43
Wf montana, Roxb., 39

3 nepalensts, Link, 37

3 Oldhami, Miq., 37 ©

= parva, Grah., 39

* pendula, Benth., 41

os pedunculosa, Desv., 41

, punclata, Grah., 39

= pilosissima, Miq., 38

ar quinquefolia, Lzzn., 42
oe retusa, Lzn., 38

“f sagittzcaults, Wall., 36

o salicifolia, Ham., 37

33 Saltiana, Anmdr., 41

" Schimpert, A. Rich., 40
a sericea, Retz, 38

- sessiliflora, Lzz2., 36

* speciabilis, Roth, 39

a striata, DC., 41

me tenuis, Wall., 39.

" tuberosa, Ham,, 44 F
¥ uncinella, Zam., 40 = ets
re venusta, Wall., 37 eat

sb verrucosa, Lizmz., 39

Index. 11

CROTALARIA, Vachelli, Hook. & Arn., 40
Crithium indicum, Rumph., 597
Crudia caudata, Prazn, 219

‘in Curtisiil, Prain, 220

¥ »» var. Wallichii, 221
as glauca, Prain, 221

wi gracilis, Praim, 223

J Scortechinii, Praiz, 220
‘ speciosa, Prain, 222

Wrayi, Prain, 222
Cruminium giganteum, Desv., 58
CRYPTERONIA, Blume

mE glabra, Bl., 349
$9 Griffithii, Clarke, 350
- paniculata, 4/., 349

pubescens, Bi.
Cryptotheca apetala, Bl. , 348.
Cucumis zvlegrifclius, Roxb., 376
at aegypltiacus, Vesl., 378
Bs misstonis, Wall., 371
CUCURBITACEAE, 368
Cucurbita Melopepo, Walt., 373
Cyanites sylvatica, Reinw., 298
CYNOMETREAE, 29
CYNOMETRA, Linn.
ea cauliflora, 2z2., 197
as - btjuga, Span., 198, 199
= inaequalifolia, 4. Gray, 199

» 349

ve mimosotdes, Wall., 198

pe polyandra, Miq., 198

Re polyandra, Roxd., 200

re Me var. typica, 200

es z var. ? Kurzii, 200
+ ramiflora, Z2z7272., 197

subsp. genuina, 198
subsp. bijuga, 198
», var. heterophylla,
198
a »> 5) Var. mimosioides
= ramifiora, Miq., 198
es ramifiora, Bedd., 198
Cytisus Cajan, Linn., 47
»» pseudo-cajan, Jacq., 47
Dadau, 192
Dadaub, 192
DALBERGIEAE, 26
DALBERGIA, Linn. fil.

93 9?
23 33

93 99

¥ arborea, Willd., 95

"e confertifolia, Berzth., 114
1% Championii, 72w., 119
x Cumingiana, Benth., 122
a Hullettii, Prazz, 119

vi Junghuhnii, Bexth., 115
2 »» Var. typica, 115
vy », var. Scortechinii, 115
=. Kunstleri, Prazz, 121

= wtvida, WWall., 118

ies menoeides, Prazz, 120

a Millettii, Benth., 118

=“ monosperma, Dalz., 120
a multejuga, Grah., 118

a parviflora, Roxd., 121

DALBERGIA, pseudo-Sissoo, Wg., 118
e reniformis, Roxd., 121, 122
Be rufa, Grah., 117
+ Scortechinii, Prazz, 115
is Sissoo, Roxb., 119
Sztssoo, Miq., 119
A spinosa, Roxd., 123
* subsympathetica, Prazz, 116
A! tamarindifolia, Roxb. 117
a timorensis, DC., IOI
7% torta, Grah., 120
* velutina, Benth., 116

var. Maingayi, 117
A », Var. typica, 117
es volubilis, Roxd., 114
Zollingeriana, Mig. ey
Dalbergaria, 114
Daphniphyllops?s capitata, Kurz, 608
DATISCACEAE, 574
DECASPERMUM, Forst., 505
3 paniculatum, Azz, 506

23 3

33 BF
Duthie, 506
Deguelia timorensis, 7awd,, 101
Dendrolobium umbellatum, Benth., 137
Dendropanax Maingayi, Azug, 402
of parviflorum, Clarke, 402
Ps parviflorum, Benth., 402
DeEkrris, Lour.
~ affinis, Benth., 204
pe amoena, Benth., 105
var. Maingayana, 106
var. typica, 106

23 39

2) bi)

* andamanica, Prazm, 104

eo cunetfolia, var. ma/laccensts,
Benth., 107

a dalbergioides, Baker, 101

Zs 4 Wee dasyphylla, Stee 102

Ma elegans, Benth., 103

var. typica, 103
3 is var. vestita, 103
Oy elliptica, Benth., 106

é eualata, Bedd., 104

+ bP)

“4 Forsteniana, Bl., 103
© floribunda, Benth., 105
~ guianensis, Benth., 101

is heterophylla, W2//d., 103
2 macrophylla, Benth., 79
pa Maingayana, Baker, 106
= malaccensis, Prain, 107
var. P aptera, 108

2? >

% 55. var. ? millettioides, 108
= »» Var. typica, 107

a marginata, Benth., 105

< montana, Benth., 108

s monticola, Kurz, 109

” pinnata, Lour., 118
ee pyrrhothyrsa, Miq., 99

Pe scandens, Aenth., 100 ae
ee sinuata, Zhw., 98
ie stnuata, Prain, 104

te thyrsiflora, Benzh., 97, 78

var. Finlaysoniana,

ae Fe

12

ys
ea

Index.

DERRIS, thyrstflora, Prain MSS., 99

99

be

uliginosa, Benth., 102

»» var. Loureirii, Benth., 105

vestita, Baker, 103
Wallichii, Prazz, 199

DESMODIEAE, 27
DEsMODIUM, Desv.

alatum, DC., 144
angulatum, Wall., 140
auriculatum, DC., 144
bicolor, Wall., 141
Buergert, Miq., 140
capitatum, DC., 139
Cephalotes, Wal/., 138
coespitosum, DC., 136
diffusum, DC., 141
elongatum, Wall., 141
gangeticum, DC., 142
3) Var. Acumina/um, 143
Gardnerz, Benth., 139
gyroides, DC., 145
eyrotdes, Wassk., 140
hetevocarpum, DC., 140
heterophyllum, Wall., 135
heterophyllum, DC., 135
latifolium, Bak., 143
latifolium, Wight, 143
» var. virgatum, M7q.,
143
laxiflorum, DC., 141
laxum, DC., 138
leptostachyum, Wall., 141
megaphyllum, Zo//., 139
nervosum, Vog., 140
obovatum, Wall., 140
ormocarpoides, DC., 142
- var. velutina, 142
ovalifolium, Wall., 140, 141
patens, Wight, 140
podocarpum, Miq., 139
polycarpum, DC., 140
polycarpum, W. & A., 140
», var. ovalifolia, 141
»» Var. Lypica, 141
pseudo-2yrotdes, Miq., 145
pseudo-triquetrum, DC., 144
pulchellum, Bezh., 136
recurvatum, Grah., 141
retusum, G. Don, 140
rugosum, /razn, 137
stliguosum, DC., 140
sulcatum, Wall., 141
triflorum, Wall, 136
triflorum, DC., 135
» Var. minus, W. & A.,
135).
», var. majus, W. & A.,
136
triquetrum, DC., 143
triqguetrum, Bak., 145
umbellatum, DC., 137
umbellatum, Wall., 138

DESMODIUM, virgatum, Zo//., 143
oe Wallichii, 138
= zonatum, Miq., 142
Desmanthus lacustris, DC., 245
ai natans, Willd., 245
e? stolonifer, DC., 245
DIALuM, Linn.
i ambiguum, Prain, 172
“F indum, Zznz., 169
a javanicum, Burm., 170
‘> Kingii, Prain, 175
vi Kunstleri, Prazn, 168
- laurinum, Baker, 170
36 Maingayi, Baker, 171
a patens, Baker, 169
ce platysepalum, Baker, 172
var. burong, 173
var. papan, 173
var. typica, Praim, 173
$3 5, var. typzca, Bak., 174
Bi Wallichii, 7vazz, 174
Dicerma repens, Grah., 136
ee pulchellum, DC., 137
Dichroa cyanztes, Miq,, 298
fe febrifuga, Lour., 298
a latzfolia, Miq., 298
A Fergusoniz, Thw., 60
Pr javanica, Benth.; 60
© reflexa, Hook. fil., 59
DIOCLEAE, 25
Diplochinium biloculare, Wight, 588

39 99
be) 39

33 3’)

» fHasskarlianum, Miq., 590
9 repandum, Klotsch, 587
, tuberosum, Miq., 594

Arce 4
Dipteroderris, 104
Disemma tHorsfieldit, Miq., 579
DISSOCHAETA, Blume, 457

ef anceps, Naud., 466
si anomala, A7z2g, 463
ag annulata, Hook. fil., 458
yy astrotricha, Miq., 461
3 bancana, Miq., 462
me bracteata, Blume, 460
= bracteosa, Naud., 460
- celebica, Blume, 462
i »» var. contracta, King,
462
a divaricata, Naud., 466 :
- glauca, Bl., 465
‘ gracilis, Blume, 461
* hirsuta, Hook. fi/., 459
A intermedia, Blume, 462
- zntermedia, Scort., 464
= microcarpa, Naud., 462
by ovalifolia, Naud., 461
3 Palembanica, Miq., 466
= pallida, Blume, 460
= pipericarpa, Naud., 466
3 punctulata, Hook. fil., 459
rs Scortechinii, A772, 463
eo spoliata, Naud., 465
ms superba, Naud., 461 <3

Djenkol, 266

Do.icuHos, Linn.
rf bulbosus, Linn., 54
a Catjang, Linn., 52

ue cortaceus, Grah., 60
1G crassus, Grah., 46
9” cultratus, 55

e ensiformts, Linn., 62
- erosus, Lz2., 54

a5 giganteus, Willd., 68
” gladiatus, Jacq., 62

‘i hexandra, Roxb., 60

e Lablab, Zzzn., 54

ne 9 var. typica, 55
i a var. lignosa, 55

: Lablab, Roxb., 55
ret lineatus, Thunb., 63
US lignosus, Roxb., 55

- luteus, Sw., 52

.. obcordatus, Roxb., 63
= obtustfolius, Lam., 64
ce ovatus, Grah., 56

cS phaseoloides, Roxb., 61
oa ptlosus, Roxb., 53

By pruriens, Linn., 69

s reticulatus, Ham., 46
us reticulatus, Ait., 46

“ rotundtfolius, Vahl., 64

- scarabaeotdes, Linn., 46
5s sinensis, Linn., 52

- stipulaceus, Lamz., 49

a tetragonolobus, Linn., 56
= tranquebaricus, Jacq., 53

ie trilobus, Linn., 49
ne trilobus, ZLour., 54
viridis, Ham., 61
Dollinera, 139
Doodia picta, Roxb., 130
5. 2 omegtd, Roxb, 133
», lagopodtoides, Roxb., 131
Doxomma acuminatum, Miers, 568
3 cylindrostachyum, Miers, 568
- magnificum, Miers, 569
e macrostachyum, Miers, 568
~ pendulum, Miers, 568
Drebbelia ferruginea, Zoll., 75
Drepanocarpus Cumingiz, Kurz, 122
DROSERACEAE, 305
DRosERA, Linn., 575
os Burmanni, Vahi., 575
” Finlaysoniana, Wall., 576
$3 foltosa, Hook., 576
on gracilis, Hook., 576
ie indica, Lzwm., 576
* Lobbiana, Turcz., 576
bs lunata, Ham., 576
. peltata, Sm., 576
Sserpens, Planch., 576
; Dryptopetalum corzaceum, Arn., 322
Duabanga grandifiora, Walp., 3 54
- sonneratioides, Ham., 354
_ Duchassaingia ovalifolia, Walp., 72

Index.

DuNBARIA Aorsfieldit, Miq., 46

Scortechinii, Prazn, 44

Echinocalyx, Benth., 204
Elaeocarpus ? punclatus, Wall., 278
ELLIPANTHUS, Hook. fil., 8

+)

calophyllus, Kurz, 9
Curtisii, A722, 9
gibbosus, Azzg, 10

Griffthii, Hook. fil., 10

Scortechinii, Azmg, 8

Helferi, Hook. fil., 10

Embryogonia lucida, Bl., 336
Enkylia digyna, Griff., 384

+B)

trigeyna, Griff., 384

ENTADA, Adans.

monostachya, DC., 242
Pursaetha, DC., 242
Parrana, Spreng., 242
Rheediz, Spreng., 242
Rumphit, Scheff., 242
scandens, Benth., 242

Enterolobium Saman, Prain, 252
Epilobium fruticosum, Lour., 356
Eriosema chinense, Vog., 44
ERYNGIUM, Linn., 599

39

foetidum, Lzu7., 599

ERYTHRINEAE, 25
ERYTHRINA, Linn,

Corallodendrum, Linn., 71

cuneata, Grah., 71
holosericea, Kurz, 72, 73
indica, Lamk., 70
lithosperma, 7/29., 73
lithosperma, Bl., 73, 74
ovalifolia, Roxb., 72
secundifiora, Hassk., 73
stricta, Roxd., 71
suberosa, Lzvm., 73
sumatrana, Miq., 73
spathacea, Wall.,

£7 -ythrostigma ellipticum, zal.

33
99

obliquum, Zoll.
villosum, Zoll.

EUCAESALPINIEAE, 29
Eucaesalpinia, 227
Eucynometra, 147
Euderris, 102
Eudesmodium, 138
EuGENIA, Linn., 507

acutangula, Linn., §70 —

acuminatissima, ae 556

aemula, B/., 516
alba, Roxb., 511

anacardifolia; King MSS., 514

andamanica, A7zzg, 536
anisophylla, Dzthie, 526
antsosepala, Duthie, 526
Benjamina, A7zg, 536 |
Bernardi, Azmg, 545
borneensis, J7/7g., 562
brachiata, Duthie
bracteolata, Wight, 5 52

13

14

Index.

EvuGENIA, Burkilliana, Azmg, 524

calyptrata, Roxb., 562
caryophylliifolia, Lam., 562
caudata, Azmug, 535
cerasotdes, Roxb., 560
chorantha, Duthze, 527
chloroleuca, Azmg, 543
Clarkeana, Azmg, 523
claviflora, Roxb., 537
5» excavata, Azme, 538
», glandulosa, Azzg, 538
», leptantha, Azng, 538
», Maingayi, Azmg, 538
coarctata, B/., 516
comosa, Wall., 545
conglomerata, Duthie, 531
corrugata, A7z7g, 523
corymbosa, Roxb., 515
corymbosa, Wall., 530
crenulata, Duthze, 521
Curtisii, Azmg, 559
», Var. minor, Azzg, 559
cuspidata, Wall., 566
cymosa, Roxb., 521
cymosa, Roxb., 530
densiflora, Duthze, 514
dtospyrifolia, Wall., 516
Duthieana, A7zng, 533
Dyeriana, Azmg, 518
»» var. oblonga, King, 518
elliptica, Wall.
expansa, Duthze, 543
fastigiata, Bl., 543
filiformis, Wadl., 535
firma, Wall., 521
formosa, Wall., 510
Jrondosa, Wall., 561
fusiformis, Duthze, 562
Gageana, Azng, 526
garcinifolia, A72g, 520
glandulifera, Roxb., 539
glauca, Azug, 532
», var. pseudo-glauca, Xzug,532
Goodenovii, Azz, 547
grandis, Wight, 521
», Var. lepidocarpa, 520
grata, Wight, 5390
Griffithii, Duthze, 522
Helferi, Duthze, 525
Hemsleyana, A7zmzg, 518
Hoseana, King, 536
Hullettiana, Aig, 527
inasensis, Kzzg, 550
Inophylla, Roxd., 544
Lnophylla, Wall., 545, 547
Jambolana, Zam., 561
Jambos, Lzvz., 512
javanica, Lamk., 511
a var. Roxburghiana,
Duthie, 512
Kinabaluensis, S/aff, 549
Koordersiana, Azzg, 558

EvuGENIA, Kunstleri, Azg, 557

Kurzii, Duthie, var. andamanica,

525 ¥
laevicaulis, Duthie, 546
lepidocarpa, Wa//., 519
lineata, Duthie, 529
linoceroidea, King, 548
luctdula, Miq., 534
macrocarpa, Roxé., 516
macrophylla, Lam., 513
Maingayi, Duthze, 562
malaccensis, £27272., 512
Manii, A7zng, 534
microcalyx, Duthie, 554

»» var. obovata, Az, 555
minutiflora, AZzg., 533
mollis, Aizg, 516
Mooret, F. Miill, 561
myriantha, Azzg, 555
myrtifolia, Roxb., 548
nicobarica, Azng, 560
nigricans, Azmg, 544
nigrescens, Poir, 530
nitida, Duthie, 534
oblata, Roxb., 544
oblongifolia, Duthie, 541
,, Var. parviflora, A7zmg, 542
,, var. robusta, Azzg, 542
obtustfolia, Roxb., 562
occlusa, Kurz, 561
operculata, Koxd., 559
», var. Paniala, Kimg, 560
»» var. obovata, Awrz, 560
»» var. coriacea, Ximg, 560
pachyphylla, Awrz, 519
Paniala, Roxb., 560
papillosa, Dzthze, 514
Pearsoniana, King, 546
penangiana, Duthie, 528
pendens, Duthze, 524
Perakensis, Azmg, 511
pergamentacea, A7zuzg, 517
plumbea, Azng, 515
polita, A7Z7g, 540
polygama, Roxb, 506
polyantha, Wzeht, 533
Prainiana#Aing, 546
pseudo-formosa, Azmg, 513
pseudo-tetraptera, Azzg, 539
pseudo-subtilis, Azmg, 553
» Var. platyphylla, Xz,
554 é
s, Var. subacuminata,
King, 554
punctulata, Azmug, 552
purpurea, Roxb., 513 -
pustulata, Duthie, 557
pyrifolia, Duthze, 529
quadrata, Azwzg, 516 . -
racemosa, Linn., 567
Ridleyi, Azz, 528
rhodomela, Comm., 530

Index. ,

EUGENIA, rubricaulis, M/zg., 530
os samarangensts, DC., 510
93 scalarinervis, Azzg, 517
3 scoparia, Wadll., 555
»»» Scortechiniil, Avg, 515

PP Rt var. parvifolia, A7zzg,

516
¥ setosa, Azug, 550
a simulans, Aine, 558

» spicata, Lam., 538
” Stapfiana, Azmg, 549

+ sub-decussata, Duthie, 551

»» var. colorata, Azmg, 551
9 y» Var. montana, Azmg, 551
a subhorizontalis, Azg, 542

5 subrufa, Azzg, 532

x »» Var. robusta, Azug, 533
avr Swettenhamiana, Azug, 556

. tecta, A722, 539
a ? ¢rimervia, DC., 504

r Thumra, Roxd.,var. Penangiana,
King, 522

Pe tumida, Duthie, 529, 562

a urceolata, Azug, 531

ey valdevenosa, Duthze, 541

Re Valetoniana, King, 542

5 variolosa, Azug, 537

7 venulosa, Wall., 553 .

a »» var. macrothyrsa, A779,
553
a verecunda, Duthie, 555
es Wrayi, Azzg, 549
ES zeylanica, Wight, 538
a3 zeylanica, Duthie, 540
Zippelliana, Miq., 548
Eumezoneuron, 232
EUMIMOSEAE, 30
EUPHASEOLEAE, 24
Eusesbania, 82
Eupteron, Kurz, 403
Ewyckia capitata, Walp., 477
- capitellata, Walp., 477
»» cyanea, BI., 476, 477
“ cyanea, Korth, 477
* », var. latifolia, 477
99 Jackiana, Walp., 476
“59 latifolia, Bl., 477
= medintilliformis, Naud., 477
paniculata, Miq., 477
Farnesia odora, Gaspar., 249 .
FICOIDEAE, 596
Fistula, DC. 155
FLEMINGIA, Roxb., 42.
Flemingia adrupta, Wall., 43
a's congesta, Roxb., 43
aa strobilifera, 2. Br., 42
GALACTIEAE, 25
Galedupa arborea, Roxb., 95
mn indica, Lam., 95, 207
A tntermedia, Prain MSS,, 205
. ulignosa, Roxb., 103
7 elliptica, Roxb., 107

nay nN She
Te iene

15

Galedupa Echinocalyx, Prain MSS., 204

= velutina, Prain MSS., 206
a Wallichiana, Prain MSS., 203
GALEGEAE, 25
Galega purpurea, Linn., 85
Gapts, 211
Gapis Kognet, 212, 213
GENISTEAE, 23
Gerdas Padi, 265
Getonia floribunda, Roxb., 333
», mutans, Roxb., 333
», wttida, Roth, 333
Gilibertia palmata, DC., 402
Glycineae, 24
Glycine debilis, DC., 59
», labialis, Linn., 59
», pallens, Grah., 59
», parviflora, DC., 59
Gonocarpus micranthus, Thunb., 310
Gontocarpus micranthus, Koen. and Sims,
: 310
Granadilla, 579
Guilandina, Bonduc, W. & A., 226, 227

= Bonducella, Linn., 226
me Nuga, Linn., 227
we Wallichiana, Gr2h., 203, 204

Gustavia globosa, Span., 571
GYMNOPETALUM, Arn., 375

bs Cochin-chinensis, Awurz,
376

ss heterophyllum, Kurz, 377

a integrifolium, Awrz, 375

a quinquelobum, J/zg., 376

septemlobum, Mzq., 379
GYNOST EMMA, Blume, 384

7 cissotdes, Franch. et Sav.,
384

% pedata, B/., 384

a3 laxa, Cogn., 384
GyNoTROCHES, Blume, 321

+ axiliaris, Bl., 321

ie Dryptopetalum, Bl., 322

oy reticulata, A. Gray, 322
GYROCARPUS, Jacq., 344

os acuminatus Meissn., 345

a americanus, Jacg., 344

a astaticus, Willd., 345

i Jacquinii, Gaertn., 344

ay rugosus, R. Br., 345

re sphenopterus, R. Br., 345

HALORAGEAE, 309
Haloragis disticha, Jack, 323
PA micrantha, 2. £r., 310
$y tenel/a, Brongn., 310
‘es oligantha, W. & A., 311
HAMAMELIDEAE, 306
Haplocarpum indicum, Miq., 348
vesicatoriun, Miq., 348
Hedera ? chetrantha, Jack, 402
ae ferruginea, Wall., 402
of heterophylla, Wall., 400
33 Jackiana, G. Don, 403

16 Lndex.

Hedera ? ovata, Wall., 403
palmata, Wall., 402
polycantha, Wall., 406
terebinthacea, Wall., 396

— venulosa, Wall., 396
Hederopsis Maingayi, Clarke, 406
HEDYSAREAE, 27
Hedysarum adhaerens, Poir., 142
alatum, Roxb., 144, 145
arboreum, oxb., 137
capitatum, Burm., 140
collinum, Roxb., 142
- conicum, Poir., 140
crinitum, Linn., 131
cylindricum, Poir., 133
diffusum, Roxb., 142
adiphyllum, Linn., 126
gangeticum, Linn., 142
gyroides, Roxb., 145
heterocaulon, Linn., 141
heterophyllum, Willd., 136
lagenarium, Roxb., 129
lagopodioides, Linn., 131
lagopodiordes, Burm., 131
Neli-Teli, Roxb., 128
nummularifoleum, Linn., 133

93
9)
2)

an orntocarpoide, Desv., 142
a patens, Roxb., 141
3 pictum, Jacq., 130

polycarpum, Lam., 140
pulchellum, Linn., 136
- purpureum, Roxb., 141
recurvalum, Roxb., 142
replans, Roxb., 136
retusum, Don, 141
= Rottleri, Spr., 142
Roxburghit, Spr., 142
stliguosum, Burm., 141
stipulaceum, Burm., 135

ns strobiliferum, Linn., 43
7 triflorum, Linn., 135

x triquetrum, Linn., 144
Bs umbellatum, Linn., 136
es varium, Roth., 133

- vaginale, Linn., 133

Vespertilionis, Linn. fil. 132

fle setschweilera pulchella, Reg., 133
Hemiandra borneensis, Hook. fil., 17
Henslovia affinis, Planch., 349

+ glabra, Wall., 349

sy Hookeri, Wall., 349

a leptostachys, Planch., 349

** pubescens, Wall., 349
HEPTAPLEURUM, Gaertn., 392

it affine, King, 398

s avene, Seem., 391

4 biternatum, Clarke, 400
a capitatum, Seem., 393

As Cephalotes, Clarke, 393
- Curtisii, Azz, 400

i ellipticum, Seewz., 397

- heterophyllum, See7z., 400

HEPTAPLEURUM, Hullettii, King, 398

a latifoliolatum, A7zmzg, 395
“2 luridum, Azzg, 392

2s nervosum, Azng, 399

bs Ridleyi, Azmg, 398

sf scandens, Seem., 397

Ss Scortechinii, Azmg, 393
vs Singalangense, Sze7.,395
., sub-racemosum, A772, 393
e. subulatum, See7z., 395

‘ tomentosum, Hassk., 394
* triste, Azug, 392

. venulosum, Seev., 396

Wrayi, King, 399
Heteropanax fragrans, Seem., 405
Heteroloma, 142
Hiraea Finlaysoniana, Wall., 506
HopesonliA, Hook. fil. & Th., 369

< heteroclita, Hook. fil. & Th
369
me macrocarpa, Cogn., 370
HoMALIUM, Jacq., 364

“4 caryophyllaceum, Benth., 366

+ condylanthes, Benth., 366
Digs foetidum, Benth., 366

ay frutescens, Aznug, 366

fee grandiflorum, Benth., 367

3 Griffthianum, Awrz, 365

3 Kunstleri, Azzg, 364

A longifolium, Benth., 364

is propinquum, Clarke, 365

undulatum, Azug, 367
Hyaphorus, Hassk., 73
HYDROCOTYLE, Linn., 598

a asiatica, Linn. 599

oe Heyneana, Wall., 599

hirsuta, Bl., 599

m hirta, R. Br., var. acwti-
loba, F. Miill, 599

ef hispida, Don, 599

‘4 Javanica, 7hundg., 598

2 lurida, Hance, 599

‘ nepalensis, Hook., 599

es polycephala, W. & A., 599

e strigosa, Wall., 599

93 Wightiana, DC., 599

seylanica, DC., 509

Hypericinea pimentifolia, Wall., 503
Llex daphniphylloides Kurz, 608 :
ILLIGERA, Blume, 343

a appendiculata, B/., 343

= e var. Kurzii, 343

iS Coryzadenia, Meissn., 343

ie lucida, Zeysm. & Binn., 344
INDIGOFERA, Linn., 81

na Anil, Zinzn., 81

se JSerruginea,Schum. & Thonn., ©
8I

Finlaysoniana, Wall., 82

7h galegioides, DC., 82

ii hirsuta, Zinm., 81

bs indica, Lamk., 81

Index.

INDIGOFERA Sumatrana, Gaertn., 81
s tinctoria, Z/zm., 81
An >» var. anil, <m 81
uncinata, Roxb.,
Inga acutangula, Grah., 275
3, attenuata, Grah., 266
», Ozgemina, Bl., 266
», bubalina, Jack, 265, 266, 268
»» Clypearia, Wall., 270, 274
», contorta, Grah., 273
», a@tmidiata, Hook. & Arn.,274
»» olabatformis, Grah., 245
», @ulcts, Willd., 264
» elliptica, Bl., 270
»» finlaysoniana, Wall.,
» grandiflora, Wall., 251
», /Jtringa, Jack, 266, 270
», “#gnosa, Grah., 245
», ‘obata, Grah., 266
9» ucitda, Wall., 261
»» Saman, Willd., 252
»» umbrosa, Wall., 253
»» wventricosa, Grah., 251
xylocarpa, DC., 24 5
Ingria, 265
Intsia amboinensis, Thouars, 208
Lnvolucraria Wallichit, Ser., 373, 374
ltea fragrans, Wall., 302, 303
Jambosa acuminatissima, Hassk., 557
= alba, Rumph., 511
= ambigua, Bl., 511
A borneensis, Miq., 562 -
- bracteata, Miq., 539
$s densiflora, DC., 515
“ domestica, Rumph., 513
= »», Var. purpurea, Bl., 513
sa. aed, Bl, 521
es Jormosa, Walp., 510
es grandis, Bl., 521
» Lnophylla, Miq., 544
ss insignis, Bl., 511
ae lineata, DC., 530
is macrophylla, DC., 511
99 macrophylla, Spreng., 513
if mappacea, Korth., 510
os matlaccensis, DC., 513
a nigra, Rumph., 513
AN pulchella, Miq., 545
> punctulata, Miq., 552
» purpurascens, DC., 513
3 purpurea, Wall., 513
me Samarangensis, Korth., 511
» tenuicuspis, Miq., 530
i urceolata, Korth., 521, 531
vulgaris, DC., 512
Jamboli ifera pedunculata, Gaertn., 562
JSereng, 266, 267
String mumet, 274
Jonesta Asoca, Roxb., 214
a declinata, Jack, 212
- palembanica, Miq., 216, 217,
© pinnata, Willd., 214

251, 273

Sonesta scandens, Roxb., 217

ve triandra, Roxb., 217
Juglans Catappa, Lour., 331

JussIAEA, Linn., 355

BP angustifolia, Lam., 356
PS Burmanni, DC., 356
% decumbeus, Wall., 356
Bec exaltata, Roxb., 356
» fruticosa, DC., 356
a longipes Griff., 356
fe octophila, DC., 356
a repens, L27”., 357
a scabra, Willd., 356
a suffruticosa, Lznm., 356
fad villosa, Lam., 3 56.
Kada-ong, 240
Kandellia Rheedii, W. & A., 317
Kanilia caryophyllootdes, Bl. 315
», parviflora, Bl., 316
Karainj, 96
Kathsola, 83
Kawas, 268
Kayoe lakka, 122
Kayu Batai, 225
Kayu laha, 123
Kellor-laut, 257
Kibessia acuminata, Dene, 478
‘6 cupularis, Decne., 478
a echinata, Cogn., 478
ra pubescens, Dene, 478
2 stmplex, Korth., 478
Kiesera sericea, Reinw. , 85
Kitjang, 271
Koeringa, 266
Koran, 173
Kradus, 269
Kranjt, 170, 172
Kranji ambot, 171, 173
», b0rong, 170, 174
9 padie, 170, 174
” papan, 171, 174
Kranjt’s Kelat, 171, 173 ;
Kraunhia albiflora, Prain MSS., 93

fe caulifiora, Prain MSS., 94
“f decipiens, Prain MSS., 91
- Hemsleyana, Frain MSS., 90

- oocarpa, Prain MSS., 92

unifoliata, Prain MSS., 93 |

Kumpass, 166
Kumpas ruman, 221
KumpassIA, Maing., 165

= Beccariana, Zaud., 166
as excelsa, Zaud., 167
ee malaccensis, A/aing., 166
Pa parvifolia, Prain, 166
KUNSTLERIA, Prain., 109
ag Curtisii, Praiz, 110
* »» var. laxiflora, Prazn, :
: 110
99 Derryi, Prazn, 112
+ Forbesii, Prain, 111 i
pe Kingii, Prain, 110 pe:
te
aa
“ia
Ete
ages

ae.)

18 Lhdex.

KUNSTLERIA, Ridleyi, Prazn, 111
Lablab vulgaris, Savi., 55

», cultratus, Forsk., 55

», culiratus, DC., 55

», microcarpus, DC., 55
Lacca Lignum, 122

Lagenaria dasystemon, Franch. et Sav.,
379

LAGERSTROEMIA, Linn., 350
- celebica, Bl., 352
oe Flos-Reginae, Retz, 352
os floribunda, Jack, 351
a grandiflora, Griff, 354
x hexaptera, Miq., 352
Gs hypoleuca, Kurz, 351
a macrocarpa, Wadll., 353
2 . Munchhausia, Lamk.,
= ovalifolia, Zeysm. - et

Binn., 352

3 Reginae, Roxb., 353

speciosa, Pers., 353
Lasiobema anguinum, Korth, 194
Hlorsfieldit, Miq., 194
LEGUMINOSAE, 21
Leptospartium srandifiorum, Griff., 354
Leptospron, Bth. & H. f., 48
LEPTOSPERMUM, Forst., 499

at amboinensis, Bl., 499

> flavescens, S7., 499

* », Var, commune, Penth.,
es ee

%” », Var. javanica, zing,
500

bs floribundum, Jangh., 500

a javanicum, Bl., 500

as polys galifolium, Salisb., 499

“ porophytlum, Cav., 499

‘3 Thea, Willd., 499

Lespedeza lagopoides, Pers., 131
Leucaena glauca, Gezth., 246
Lignum Sappan, Rumph., 229
Lingoum saxattle, Rumph, 124
Liguidamber tricuspis, Miq., 308
Lotus fluminensis, Vell., 57
Lourea Vespertilionis, Desv., 132
Lupwicia, Linn., 357

3 diffusa, Ham., 358

si fruticulosa, Bl., 358

ae jusstacoides, Wall., 357
s lythroides, Bl., 357

i parviflora, Roxb., 357
em prostrata, Roxd., 357

LuFFa, Cav., 377
ss ‘Aegyptiaca, Mill, 377
2 acutangula, W. & A., 378
ves Cattu-picinna, Ser., 378
ys clavata, Koxd., 378
3 cylindrica, Roem., 378
= Gosa, Wall., 378
+ hederacea, Wall., 378
» pentandra, Roxb., 378

LuFFA Fetola, Ser., 378
i. Parvala, Wall., 378
“5 racemosa, Roxb., 378
Be Satpatia, Wall., 378
LUMNITZERA, Willd., 334
ae coccinea, W. & A., 334
oe littorea, Voigt, 334
os pentandra, Griff., 334
pee racemosa, Welld., 334
Lupinus cochin-chinensis, Lour., 38
Lysiphyllum, Zenth., 178
LYTHRACEAE, 345
Lythrum Pemphis, Linn. fil., 348
Macklottia amboinensis, Korth: » 499
x javanica, Korth., 500
Maclellandia Griffithiana, Wight, 348
Macrolobium bijugum, Colebr., 208
Macrotropis bancana, Miq., 150
8 sumatrana, Mig. » 150
MAINGAYA, Oliver, 307
malayana, O/iv., 307
Malapari, 96
Malaparius, Rumph., 95
Malaparius flavus, Miq., 95
Mammea asiatica, Linn., 565
Maranthes multiflora, Korth., 283
Marlea Griffithit, Clarke, 605
», ebenacea, Clarke, 606
3, wobtlis, Clarke, 607
», wnzlocularis, Griff., 605
MARUMIA, Blume, 455
Be affints, Korth., 456
3 echinata, Naud., 456
“3 oligantha, Naud., 457
ra nemorosa, Blume, 455
= rhodocarpa, Cogn., 456
35 »» var. subglabrata, Cogz.,

457
- reticulata, Blume, 457
ss stellulata, Korth., 457
ss Zeylanica, Triana, 456
Mash-Kulai, 50
MASTIXIA, Blume, 600
ie bracteata, C/arke, 601
pl bracteata, Scort. MSS,, 601
ss Clarkeana, King, 603
és », var. macrophylla, Azzg,
603
gs gracilis, King, 602
Junghuhniana, Clarke, 603
me pentandra, B/., 603
a3 Maingayi, Clarke, 602
3 we var. sub-tomentosa,
King, 603
7 Scortechinii, Azzg, 601
~ trichotoma, 4/., 602
MEDINILLA, Gaud., 467
aa alternifolia, BZ, 468
nA Clarkei, Azmg, 471
= crassifolia, Triana, 470
7 crassinervia, B/., 472 map
< Hasseltii, B/., 470 ae ee

Index.

EDINILLA; Hasseltii, var. Griffithii,

MEMECYLEAR, 4II

Clarke, 470
heteranthera, Kzzg, 469
Horsfieldii, 4777., “469

»» var. latifolia, Kzmg, 469
macrocarpa, Clarke, 472
Maingayi, Clarke, 471
perakensis, A7zg, 472
rosea, C. B. Ciarke, 471
scandens, Azzg, 468
Scortechinii, A7zmg, 470
speciosa, B/., 468
venusta, Azze, 469

MEMECYLON, ‘Linn. » 479

acuminatum, Wall., 506
acuminatum, S72., 492, 506
», var. flavescens, Clarke,

469

amabtile, Bedd., var. malac-

censts, Clarke, 495
amplexicaule, Roxd., 487
andamanicum, A7zmg, 493
australe, Muell, 492
caloneuron, W7g., 484
campanulatum, Clarke, 488
capitellatum, Bl., 489
capitellatum, Span., 492
celastrinum, Kurz, 491
cinereum, Aznug, 490
coeruleum, Jack, 488
coeruleum, Triana, 487
cordatum, Wall., 487, 488
costatum, Mig., 486

», var. eldlipsozdea, Bl.,

484
depressum, Benth., 487
dichotomum, Clarke, 483
edule, Roxb., 494

»» var. ovata, Clarke, 495

», Var. typica, Azmg, 494

» var. a, Thw., 494]

»» var. y, Thw., 495
epiphyticum, Azzg, 482
elegans, King, 492

>, Var. minor, Azmg, 492

», var. dichotoma, Clarke,

ROE
fruticosum, A7znug, 482
garcinoides, B/., 493
5, Var. elongatum, BZ,

: 494
globiferum, Wall., 494
grande, Refz, 491
», Var. pubescens, Clarke,

483 :
», var. Horsfieldiz, Clarke,
491
erande, Bli., 486
gande, Sm., 488 ©

— grande, Wall., 495

heteropleurum, 5/., 486

19

MEMECYLON, heteropleurum, var. olivacea,

King, 4
Horsfieldiz, Miq., 491
Hullettii, Kzmg, 484
intermedium, 4/., 494
Kunstleri, Kizg, 484
Kurzii, King, 485
lampongum, Miq., 491
laevigatum, 4/., 490
laxiflorum, Wall. -, 491, 495
lilacinum, Zoll. et Mor., 489
lucidum, Presl, 495
lutescens, Presl, 488
Maingayi, Clarke, 485
mantllanum, Naud., 488
merguica, King, 491
microstomum, Clarke, 487
minutiflorum, J/7g., 488
Myrilli, Bl., 490
myrsinoides, B/., 489,

») Var. lilacina , King, 489
oleaefolium, 4/., 490
oligoneuron, Bl. 481
ovatum, Sm., 495
pachyderma, Wall., 490
pauciflorum, B/., 491
prasinum, Naud., 495
pubescens, Azug, 482
pyrifolium, Presl, 495
pyrifolium, Maud., 494
subtrinervium, Miq., var.

grandtfiora, Kurz, 485
tinctortum, Koen., 494

i> var. By: Woete Aas
trinerve, Hassk., 482
umbellatum, Burm., 494

” Blume, 494
»» Herb. Heyne, 495
BS Benth., 492

Vosmaerianum, Scheff., 490

MELALEUCA, Linn., 500

Melanium Sruticosum, Spreng., 348
MELASTOMACEAE, 409
MELASTOMEAE, 410

MELASTOMA, Linn., 412

3)

Cajuputi, Roxb., 501
Cumingiana, Turcz., 501
decusrens, Wall., 502
eugentifolia, Wall., 502
lanctfolia, Turcz., 501
Leucadendron, Zzuz., 500
»» var. leucadendron,
Duthie, 501
»» var. minor, Duthie,
501
Leucadendron, Lam., 501
saligna, Gmel., 501 ~
viriatflora, Gaertn. » 501

adpressum, Benth., 415
affine, D. Don, 414
anophanthum, Naud., 415

articulatum, Naud., 414 _ we

Fol

20 Index.

MELASTOMA #anksiz, Cunn., 414

as brachyodon, Naud., 415
$5 bracteatum, Wall., 459
a bracteatum, Jack, 460
¥. cernuum, Wall., 465
a crinitum, Naud., 413
Ss decemfidum, Roxb., 412
ee 3» var. mollis, 413
< divariatum, Willd., 466
= erecta, Jack, 415
es extg gua, Jack, 419
- eximium, Bl., 469
i fallax, Wall., 462
a Gaudichaudianum, Naud.,
413
= glauca, Griff., 462
Js glauca, Jack, 465
te gracile, Jack, 461
heterostegstum, Naud., 414
+ Hombronianum, Naud., 415
ss imbricatum, Wall., 413
s impuber, Roxb., 419
oe laurtfolium, WWall., 470
_ ? littoreum, Wall., 423
+ longifolium, Naud., 415
ae malabathricum, Zzz7., 414
5 », var. adpressa, Clarke,
415 :
+ »> ») normalis, <zzg,
ge
»f » 99 perakensis, Kz,
415
mg »> 5, polyantha, Benth.,
415
- malabathricum, Blanco, 413
. malabathricnm, Bl., 413
a4 malabathrica, Sims, 413
oe malabathricunt, Desr., 415
iy microphyllum, Naud., 415
> molle, Wall., 413
je napalense, Lodd., 415
53 nemorosum, Jack, 456
id normale, Don, 415
ec novae-hollandiae, Naud., 414
a. obvolutum, Jack, 414
oo obovatum, var. oblonga, Bl.,
414
ay oliganthum, Naud., 415
<a oxyphyllum, Benth., 422
“ pallida, Jack, 461
” pedicellatum, Naud., 413
* pelagicum, Naud., 415
re petiolare, Wall., 466
es polyanthum, Benth., 466
Pe polyanthum, Bl., 415 -
s porphyreum, Bipp. et Bl.,
413
a pulverulenta, Jack, 473
a reflexa, Reinw., 473
= rhodoearpum, WNall., 456
-; rotundifolia, Jack, 455
” Royenii, Bl., 415

MELASTOMA 72bicuuda, Jack, 473

y rubiginosum, Wall., 462

35 sanguineum, Sims, 413

i sechellarum, Naud., 414

oe smilacifolia, Wall., 475

me speciosum, Reinw., 469

i tedorense, Bl, 415

“e tondanense, Bl., 415

3 vacillans, var. pallens, Bi.,

462

be velutinum, Seem., 414

3 Wallichtt, DC., 415
MELOTHRIA, Linn., 381

¥ affinis, King, 382

ue indica, Lour., 382

3 marginata, Cogn., 383

sh », var. heterophylla, 383

Rumphiana, Scheff., 383
Met osideros aniboinensts, Rumph., 208
Metscherlicia coriacea, Klotsch, 590
MEZONEURON, Desf., 232

a3 andamanicum, Prain, 234

$3 cucullatum, W. & A., 232

hymenocarpum, W. & A.,
A385 ;

Bye Kunstleri, Prazn, 233

es pubescens, Baker, 233

a sinense, 228

sumatranum, W. & A., 235
Micropteryx, Walp., 71
Microtropis corzacea, Wall., 322
MILLETIA, W. & A., 86

3 albiflora, Prazn, 92

bs atropurpurea, Benth., 89
“3 cauliflora, Prazn, 94

a3 coerulea, Baker, 91

bY decipiens, Paz, 90

a eriantha, Bezzh., 88

Sy glaucescens, Kurs, 89

a Hemsleyana, Frain, 90

= macrophylla, Hook. fil., 94
_ Maingayi, Baker, 91

be oocarpa, Prain, 92

Ly: pachycarpa, Baker, 107

oy sericea, W. & A., 88

a »» var. typica, Prazz, 88

a », var. malaccensis, Prazn, 88
ge thyrsiflora, Benth., 100

ae unifoliolata, Prazz, 93

MIMOSEAE, 29, 237

Mimosa, Linn., 246
a biglobosa, Roxb., 240
on Djytringa, Roxb , 266
re dulcis, Roxb., 263
oa Farnesiana, L., 249
- heterophylla, Roxb., 275
Ad Jtringa, Jack, 266
+ Koeringa, Roxb., 266
ae lucida, Roxb., 261 i
es marginata, Lamk., 259 : eat
~ microphylla, Roxb., 255 :
“a natans, Roxb., 245

Index. 21

MIMOSA odoratissima, Linn. fil., 259
My pedunculata, Roxb., 239
a procera, Roxb., 260
- pudica, Z., 247
eS scandens, L., 242
en sepiaria, Benth., 247
Sirtssa, Roxb., 258
Smithiana, Roxb., 256
ve speciosa, Jacq., 258
stipulacea, Roxb., 256
stipulata, Roxb., 256
trapesifolia, Roxb., 274
: xylocarpa, Roxb., 245
Mirbau, 209
Modecca acuminata, Pl., 583
cardiophylla, Mast.,
cordtfolia, Kurz, 582
a heterophylla, Kurz, 582
nicobarica, Kurz, 581
», populifolia, Bl., 583
singaporeana, Mast.,
trilobata, Roxb., 580
Motivco, Linn., 597
a Linkit, Ser., 597
- pentaphylla, Lzzn., 597
a stricta, Linn., 597
7 triphylla, Lour., 597
Momordica azthelmintica, Schum., 381
Charantia, Zz., 381
se Clarkeana, Azng, 379

582

583

$s Cochin-chinensis, Spreng., 380
ce dioica, Wall., 381
¥ humilis, Wall., 381

rs Luffa, Linn., 378
macropetala, Mart., 381
muricata, Willd., 381
Roxburghiana, Don, 381

3 subangulata, B/., 380

oe tubtflora, Roxb., 376
Monoxora spectabilis, Wight, 504
Mucuna, Adans, 64

m acuminata, Grah., 67

anguina, Scheff., 67

oa anguina, Wall., 66

a atropurpurea, Bak., 67

~ biplicata, Zeysm. & Binn., 66

7 corymbosa, Grah., 68
cyanosperma, K. Schum., 65
i gigantea, DC., 68
“ imbricata, DC., 65
be monosperma, DC., 66
33 pruriens, DC., 68
os prurita, Hook., 69
“s utilis, Wall., 69
Munj, 50
Muricia Cochinchinensis, Lour., 381
MYRIOPHYLLUM, Linn., 310

* intermedium, DC., 311
ok 7 indicum, Wight, 311
~ 55. &neare, Heyne MSS.,
311
” vartacfolium, Hook. ,311

Myrobalana Citrina, Gaertn., 333
MYRTACEAE, 496
Myrius acuminatissima, Bl., 557
»» ambotnensis, Rumph., 499
»» canescens, Lour., 505
», ¢audata, Wall., 535
», Cumini, Linn., 562
»» eymosa, Spreng., 530
», Peymosa, Bl., 534
»» aensifiora, Bl., 515
», Jambos, Kunth, 512
», Leucoaendron, Linn., 501
», ¢ineata, Bl., 530
», macrophylla, Spreng., 513
», malaccensis, Spreng., 513
», oligoneura, Korth., 482
»» guadrangularis, Ham., 53S

»» samarangensis, Bl., 511
», smtlactfolia, Wall., 504
ao tomentosa, Att., 505

», trtnervia, Sm., 504
zeylanica, Linn. » 539
Nelitris pallescens, Mia. +» 506
‘4 paniculata, Lindl., 506
* polygama, Spreng... » 506
os polymorpha, Bl., 506
Nellia tandale-cotti, 41
Nematophyxis fruticulosa, Miq., 358
- prostrata, Miq., 358
a pusilla, Miq., 358
NEPTUNIA, Lour., 244
is oleracea, Lour., 244
Neurocarfjum cajanifolium, Presl., 57
retusum, /Zassh, 57
Neustanthus phaseoloides, Benth. , 61
Nicholsonia reptans, Meissn.,13 5
Nothopanax ? pinnatum, Miq., 404
Nuga sylvarum, Kumph., 227
Nugaria, DC., 227
Nyssa, Linn., 607
= sessiliflora, Hook. fil. 607
Obie Songnang, 54
ONAGRACEAE, 355
Orthocharis, Blume, 421

= borneensis, Bl., 422

i: buruensts, Teysm. et Binn.,
422

a decumbens, King, 423

pe javanica, B/., 422

paniculata, Korth. <3 400
ome Beauv., 127
By glabrum, Zeysm. & Binn.,
127
sennoides, DC., 127
ORMOSIA, Jacks., 146
a gracilis, Prain, 148
~ macrodisca, Baker, 148

ee microsperma, Baker, 151 a
” »» var. Ridleyi, 151
” » Var. typica, 151 “
” nitida, Prain, 149 -
» parvifolia, Baker, 149 Ee
: . a
a
*. Pais

Pr

xi

PARKIA, dze/obosa, Benth., 340
i biglandulosa, HW”. & A., 238

22 Index.
ORMOSIA scandens, Praiz, 147

9 sumatrana, /7vain, 150

as venosa, Baker, 152

“ coarctata, ? Jacks, 151

coarctata, Kurz, 151
Osbeckieae, 410
Osbeckia tetrandra, Roxb., 465
Osmelia Maingayi, A7zmg, 363
Otanthera, Blume, 411
a celebica, B/., 411
tp nicobarensis, 7eysw. et Binn.,

412
Outea bijuga, DC., 208
OXYSPOREAE, 410
OxysporaA, DC., 416

ve acutangula, Azmg, 417
= Curtisii, A7mg, 417
Bs stellulata, Aug, 417

PACHYCENTRIA, Blume, 474
tuberculata, Korth., 474
PACHY RHIZUS, Rich., 53
a angulatus, Rich., 53
ag trilobus, DC., 54
Panax armatum, Wall., 389
», Jragrans, Roxb., "405
» fackianum Wall., 403
» pennatum, Lam., 404
x "ei dase Wall., 403
» secundum, Schultz, 404
falmatum, Roxb., 406
Panga Saran, 192
Panjam, 96
PAPILIONACEAE, 23, 31
Paraderris, 106
Paratropia brachybotrya, Miq., 397
ms elliptica, Miq., 397
os heterophylla, Presl, 400

- scandens, Miq., 397
- Singalense, Miq., 395
oe subulata, Miq., 396
a tomentosa, Miq., 394

venulosa, W. & A., 396
Parastemon urophyllum, DC., "285
PARINARUM, Juss., 276

“g ‘asperulum, Miq., 281

io asperulum, Hook. fil., 280
“s costatum, 4/., 277

a glaberrimum, "Hassh., 282

elatum, Azng, 280
Griffthianum, Bexth., 283
os heteropetalum, Scort., 283
Kunstleri, Azzg, 282

5 Maingayi, King, 280

ve ? nitidum, Hook. fil., 284

e oblongifolium, Hook. fil., 279
ms polyneurum, 477g., 278

eS scabrum, Hassk., 281

=e spicatum, King, 279

sumatranum, Benth., 270
PARKIA, R. Br., 238
on africana, Miq., 240
a Brunonis, Grah., 240

a insignis, Kurz, 241

- intermedia, Hassk., 240
a leiophylla, Aurz, 241

mh macrocarpa, Miq., 241

>, Roxburghii, G. Don, 239
speciosa, Hassk., 240
PAROPSIA, Noronh., 577
Me malayana, Planch., 577
+3 vareciformis, J/ast., 577
PASSIFLORACEAE, 577
PASSIFLORA, Linn., 578

95 Horsfieldii, B/., 578

= edulis, Szwzs, 579

= foetida, Lzmn., 579

“A laurifolia, Lzvn., 579

- quadrangularis, Lz7mm., 579
et singaporeana, Wall., 584

suberosa, £277., 579
Pauletia, Cav., 178
PELLACALYX, Korth., 320
93 axiliane Aorth., 320
Saccardianus, Scoré, 321
PELTOPHORUM, Vogel, 223
Peltophorum dasyrachis, Aurz, 224
= ferrugineum, Bezth., 224
grande, 225
Pemphis acidula, Forst., 348
- angustifolia, Roxb., 348
-, setosa, Lour., 348
Pentaptera bialata, Roxb., 332
Feplis indica, Willd., 347
Pestolozzia /axa, Thw., 384
# pedata, Zoll. et Mor., 384
Petaloma alternifolia, Roxb., 335
Pete, Rumph., 241
Petrocarpa sumatrana, Benth., 278
PHANERA, Lour., 179
se albo-lutea, Miq., 102
Ss bidentata, Benth., 188
a diphylla, Benth., 178
2 diptera, Miq., 193

os elongata, Benth., 181

os excelsa, Bl., 183, 185

n ferruginea, Benth., 185

= Finlaysoniana, Benth., 190

‘5 glauca, Benth., 186
Z. Griffithiana, Benth., 184
¥ inlegrifolta, Benth., 192
- lucida, Benth., 188
5 purpurea, Benth., 180
- semtbifida, Benth., 182, 185
sumatrana, Miq., 183, 185
Pharnaceum pentaph by llume, Spreng., 597
re strictum, Spreng., 597
~ triphyllum, Spreng » 597
PHAStOLus, Linn,, 47

- adenanthus, G. W. F. Mey, 48
a alaius, Roxb., 49
i amarus, Roxb., 49

ss calcaratus, Roxd., 49

Lhdex. 33

PHASEOLUS calcaratus, var. gracilis, 50 PITHECOLOBIUM nicobaricum, Prazn, 267
Ge us var. typica, 50 a opposttum, \xurz, 267,
as decurvus, Grah., 51 268
difformis, Wall., 53 ay saman, Benth., 252
+ hirtus, Wall., 50 Teysmanni, Prain, 271
ae lunatus, Zzz7., 48 PLANCHONIA, Blume, 571
a luteus, Bl., 50 a andamanica, Aimg, 572
ite Mungo, Zzz2., 50 pee Mig., $72
me », var. radiatus, Bak., 51 = leurolobium, DE.
os obovatus, Grah., 52 Podocarpum, Benth, TB
i. pubescens, Bl., 50 POGONANTHERA, Blume, 473
ni radiatus, Linn., 51 fm pulverulenta, BZ, 473
st rostralus, WWall., 49 PS reflexa, Bl., 473
PE senegalensis, Guill. et Perr., 49 squamulata, Korth., 473
‘s sub- ‘lobatus, Wall., 50 Poinciana Roxburghit, G. Don, 224
ae to-osus, Roxb., 50 “i pulcherrima, Linn. , 228
* trilobus, Azz., 49 Polydontia arborea, Bl., 292
Ls trinervius, Heyne, 50 PoLyosMA, Blume, 299
i truxtllensis, H. Bak., 49 ts coriacea, Azug, 300
vulgaris, Wall., 48 - fragrans, Benz., 302
Phascolodes sericeumt, Kuntze, 88 % integrifolia, B/., 302
Phylacium bracteosum, Benn., 129 - », Var. typica, 302
PHYLLAGATHIS, Blume, 452 me 5, var. Wallichii, 303
Po hispida, A7zzg, 454 a zlectfolia, Bl., 300
% Griffthii, Azzg, 453 - laete-virens, Griff, 303
BS rotundifolia, B/., 454 Ss longe-pedicellata, Azug, 305
at Scortechinni, King, 453 ae mutabilis, B/., 301
tuberculata, King, 452 ¥ mutabilis, Clarke, 303
Phyllodium pulchellum, Desv., 137 PP parviflora, Aimg, 300

Pierrea dictyoneura, Hance, 368 a Ridleyi, Xing, 304

PITHECOLOBiUM, Mart., 261 = Scortechinii, Azwg, 301
- acutangulum, Miq., 275 velutina, Bl. » 304
- affine, Baker, 269 Polystorthia, Bl., 292
a: angulatum, Benth. , 274 Pomeae, 276
55 », var. heterophylla, | Pongam, Adans, 96
7 ate PONGAMIA, Vent., 94
$i 9» Var. zlermedta, a amoena, Wall., 106
275 ¥ atropurpurea, Wall., 89
i bigeminum, Benth., 266 3 coerulea, Grah., 91
1 5, var. bubalina, 268 = cortacea, Grah., 101
3 bubalinum, Benth., 264 » ? crasstfolia, Grah., 79
268 a dehiscens, Koord. & Val., 9t
= bubalinum, Kurz, 267 ie. dubia, Grah., 107
a Clypearia, Benth., 273 elegans, Grah., 103
te conilertum, Genth., 264 a elliptica, Wall., 107
e: contortum, JZart., 272, a floribunda, Grah., 103
274 ee glabra, Vent., 94
FP dulce, Benth., 263, 252 - », Var. typica, 95
re ellipticum, Hassk., 270, pe »> Var. xerocarpa, 95
271 » yrandifiora, Grah., 98
es fasciculatum, Benth.,270 ‘ grandiflora, Zoll. et Mor., 95
2 Jtringa, Prain, 267 z mitts, Kurz, 95
~ Koeringa, Kunize MSS., re rosea, Grah., 78
266 e sericea, Vent., 88
ae Kunstleri, Prain, 271 7 stnuata, Wall., 98 :
Potas: lobatum, Benth., 265,271 ae uliginosa, DC., 103, 105.
os macrophyllum, Teysm. & Pa volubilis, Zoll. et Mor., 107
Binn., 270 xerocarpa, Hassk., 95
at macrophyllum, Sfrece, Praneae, 276
271 PruNuS, Linn., 285
a microcarpum, Senth., » Mmartabanica, Aurz, 285 : Ss
268 = »» Var. Scortechinil, Azmg, 286

24 Lhdex.

Psammanthe marina, Hance, 597
Pseudarthria capitata, Hassk., 140
Be polycarpa, Hassk., 145
Pseudocynometra, 200
PSEUDO-EUGENIA, Scort., 563

» Perakensis, Scort., 563
9 Singaporensis, <A7zng,
563

Psilorhegma, 157
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, DC., 55
PTEROCARPUS, Linn., 123

=n dalbergioides, Roxd., 124

i: dalbergioides, WWall., 124

- Draco, Lamk,, 124

a! floribundus, Wall., 99

c indicus, W7zll/d., 123

a indicus, Benth., 125

- obtusatus, Miq., 124

- saxatilis, Bl. MSS., 124

7a uliginosus, Roxb., 103

A Zollingeri, Miq., 124
PTERNANDRA, Jack, 475

a acuminata, Dene, 478

a capitata, Jack, 477

ss coerulescens, Jack, 476

= »» var. capitellata, 477

us ,, var. Jackiana, 476

a 5, Var. paniculata, 477

+ echinata, Jack, 477

- », Var. pubescens, A7zng,

477

* Griffithii, Azze, 477

ay ,, var. cordata, Kzmg, 478

5% latifolia, Triana, 477

7 paniculata, Miq., 477

LA gal iy Benth. BAe fe |
PTEROLOBIUM, EGE.

aa enelonae Prain, 236

indicum, var. macroptera,
Bak., 236

- indicum, var. microphylla,
Bak., 236

- lacerans, Wall., 231, 236

ae macropterum, Aurz, 235

is microphyllum, Kurz, 235

punctatum, Hems., 236
Pteroloma triguetrum, Benth., 144
a auriculatum, Miq., 145
PUERARIA, DC., 61
- phaseoloides, Benth., 61
a subspicata, Benth., 61
Pungamia, Lam., 96
PyGEuM, Gaertn., 286
5 acuminatum, Colebr., 289
as brevifolium, Hook. fil., 293
a grandiflorum, Azzg, 288
ae Griffithii, Hook. fi/., 293
As Hookerianum, Azzg, 293
= intermedium, Azzg, 288
oa Lampongum, 4/7g., 291
a lanceolatum, Hook. fil., 289
Pe Maingayi, Azng, 288

PYGEUM, ovalifolium, Azzg, 292

ee parviflorum, Teysm. & Binn., 291
< »» var. densa, Azng, 292

» persimile, Kurz, 291

- polystachyum, Hook. jil., 290

is Scortechinii, Az~g, 290

stipulaceum, A7zug, 287
Pyrranthus albus, Wall., 335

a littoreus, Jack, 334
Pyrrotricha tuberosa, W. & A., 44
Pyrus, Linn., 296

», granulosa, Bertol, 297

», Karensium, Kurz, 297

» Stkkimensts, Wenzig, 207
QUISQUALIS densiflora, Wall., 341

AN ebracteata, Beauv., 342
af glabra, Burm., 342

4 indica, Linn., 342

oe longtfiora, Presl, 342
ss Loureiri, G. Don, 342
ee pubescens, Burm., 342
a stnensts, Lindl., 342

villosa, Roxb. , 342
Rain Tree, 253
Rectomitra tuberculata, Bl., 478
Reichardia decapetala, Roth., 229
Rhizophoreae, 311
RHIZOPHORA, Linn., 312

a apiculaia, Bl., 313

it Candel, Linn., 318

ae Candelaria, W. & A., 313
ae Candelaria, DC., 313

is caryophylloides, Jack., 315
ne caseolarts, Linn., 355

" conjugata, Zz72., 313

% cylindrica, Roxb., 316

5 decandra, Roxb., 317

ms gymnorhiza, Linn., 314

* latifolia, Miq., 313

Ss macrorhiza, Griff., 313

- mangle, Roxb., 313

we mucronata, Lamk., 312

a parviflora, Roxb., 316

timorensis, DC., 31
RHODAMNIA, Jack., 504

= cineria, Jack., 504

i cinerea, Griff., 504

id concolor, Miq., 504

me Mullert, Bl., 505

a Nagelt, Miq., 505

pe spectabilis, Bl., 504

a subtriphylla, Miq., 505
a trinervia, B/., 504

9 »» Var, concolor, 504
»» var. spectabilis, 504
Rhodoleia Teysmanni, JZg., 309
RHODOMYRTUS, D.C., 505
tomentosa, Wight, 505

Rhynchosia aurea, Ridl., 40

», biflora, DC., 46

», ¢erotolaroides, DC., 43

»» Grahami, Wall., 44

‘

Index. 25

Rhynchosia lucida, DC., 70
* scarabaeotdes, DC., 46
i. virgata, Grah., 44
Robinea candida, Roxb., 85
», wmetis, Linn., 95
», wliginosa, Roxb., 102
ROSACEAF, 275
RourREA, Aubl., II
+ acuminata, Hook. fil., 12

anomala, Azmg, 11
ab commutata, Pianch., 12
P concolor, Blume, 15

3 dasyphylla, Miq., 21
a fulgens, Flanch., 15

ys humilis, Blume, 13
99 parallela, Plazch., 1
» », var. mafor, Azg, 14

/- parvifolia, Planch., 15
a pulchella, Planch., 13
es rugosa, Planch., 14
sororia, Planch., 14
RourEorsis, Planch., 15
pubinervis, "Planch. 16
sg Scortechinii, Azzg, 16
Rubeae, 275
Rusus, Linn., 294
te acertfolius, Wall., 295
pe alceacfolius, Poir., 295
2 asper, Don, 296
5 cordifolius, Don, 295
5 elongatus, S77z., 295
- Fairholmianus, Gardn., 295
= glomeratus, 4/., 295
a »» Var. gracilis, Azmg, 295
Fe Hamiltonianus, Wall., 295
es Lasskarlit, Miq., 295
a Lobbianus, Hook., 296

macrocarpus, Gardn., 295
ve micropetalus, Gardn., 295
Pe moluccanus, Lz., 294

» », var. alceaefolia, 295
is pinnatus, Willd., 296
> reflexus, Ker, 295

5 rosaefolius, S7z., 296
rugosus, SM., 295
Saga, 244

Sagotia triflora, Walp. & Duch., 135
SAMYDACRKAE, 358
Sapetir, 205
Sappania, DC., 228
SARACA, Linn., 210
as arborescens, Burii., 214
Pa bijuga, Prazz, 214
“A cauliflora, Bak., 212
fd declinata, Mig., 211
= indica, Zin2., 214
~ Kunstleri, Prain, 213
te latistipulata, Praiz, 217
>» Lobbiana, Bak., 214
vs macroptera, JZzg., 215
var. parviflora, Praix
MSS., 216

9? >?

SARACA minor, M/7g., 215
ea palembanica, JZzg , 216
3 thaipingensis, Cazt/ey MSS., 211
triandra, Baker, 216
SAXIF RAGACEAE, 297
Sarau, 192
S’busu, 155
Sciadophyllum avene, 392
ua ellepticum, Bl., 397
33 scandens, Bl., 397
tomentosum, Bi., 394
Scorpiurus, Benth., 141
Scotanthus tubiflorus, Naud., 376
3 Porteanus, Naud., 377
Selenolobium, 120
Senna, alata, Roxb., 162

= arborescens, Roxb., 158
ae esculenta, Roxb., 161
4 occidentalis, Roxb., 161

ee tenella, Roxb., 165

e Tora, Roxb., 159

‘ts torotaes, Roxb., 159

95 sensitiva, Roxb., 165

ee Sophera, Roxb., 161

sumatrana, Roxb., 164
Sensitive Plant, 247
Sepan, 173
Serianthes grandiflora, Benth., 251
SESBANIA, Pers., 82
Ae aculeata, var. ce Bak.,

- 5a) eee piled Bak. 83
a aegyptiaca, Kuntze, 83
x afinis, Schrad., 83

y cannabina, Pers: 83
" cannabina, W. & A., 83
~ Cochin-chinensts, Kurz, 83

7 grandiflora, Pers., 84

Pr grandifiora, Miq., 83

* polyphylla, Miq., 83

me punctata, Benth. MSS., 83

- paludosa, Roxé., 82

paludosa, Jacq., 83

SESUVIUM, Linn., 596

= Postulsedsicua: Linn., 596

a repens, Willd., 597
Szboosok, 155
Sibusu, 156
SINDORA, Migq., 201

= Cochin-chinensis, Baz//., 205

is coriacea, Praiz, 206

ap Echinocalyx, Prat, 204

is Galedupa, Prain, 207

i intermedia, Baker, 204

Pr Sumatrana, J/7g., 206, 205

= velutina, Baker, 205

“ee Wallichiana, Benth., 203

» | Wallichit, Benth., 203
var. intermedia, Bak.,

3? >

205 £
var. ovalifolia, Maing.,
204 ie

26

Index.

Siris black, 259
5, white, 256

Stssoa, 114

Smithia, Ait., 126

abyssinica, Hochst., 127
aspera, Roxb., 128
sensitiva, Azt., 126
javanica, J1/7g., 127

3°
99
39
39

Sola,

83

SONNERATIA, Linn. fil., 354

acida, Lenz. fil., 354

», var. Griffithii, 355
acida, Benth., 355
alba, Griff., 355
alba, Smzth, 355
Griffithtz, Kurz, 355
Mossambicensis, K\otsch,

355

neglecta, Bl., 355
evenia, Bl., 355
lanceolata, Bl., 355
olovata, Bl., 355
ovalts, Korth, 355
fagapat, Blanco, 355

SONERILEAE, 410
SONERILA, Roxb. 3426

albiflora, Stapf & King, 436
andamensis, Stapf & King, 434
begoniaefolia, 47., 449
bicolor, Stapf & King, 451
brachyantha, Staff & King,

445
bracteata, Stapf & King, 443
calaminthifolia, Stapf & King.

431
Calycula, Stapf and King, 451
caesia, Stapf and King, 444
capitata, Stapf and King, 443
congesta, Stapf and King, 440
costulata, Staff and King, 447
Cyclaminella, Stapf and ‘King,

441

fF var. canescens,

Stapf and King, 441

elatostemoides, Staff and King,

450
elliptica, Staff and King, 438
epilobioides, Stapf and King,
430
erecta, Jack, 431
5, var. discolor, Stapf and
King, 432
»» var. flexuosa, Stapf and
(Ing, 432
flaccida, Stapf and King, 433
glabriflora, Stapf and King, 450
Griffithii, C. &. Clarke, 440
heterostemona, Waud., 441
hyssopifolia, Stapfand King,431
integrifolia, Stapf, 442
9 var. acuminatissima,
Stapf and King, 443

SONERILA lasiantha, Stapf and King, 437
‘3 macrophylla, Stapf and King,
447 -
Ag var. Jaxipilosa,
‘Stapf and King, 448
fs microcarpa, Staff and King,
— 446
ss mollis, Stapf and King, 436
oS moluccana, Jack, 448
ov, moluccana, Benn, 449

3 muscicola, Stapf and King, 439
=f Nidularia, Stapf and King, 445
dk obligua, Cogn., 442

i pallida, Stapfand King, 435 .

pi paradoxa, Maud., 448

33 populifolia, Stapfand King, 434
ss repens, Stapf and King, 438
Pa rudis, Staff and King, 435

bea saxosa, Stapf and King, 439

3 suffruticosa, Stapf and Aing,
437

ae succulenta, Sta*f and King,
438

a tenuifolia, Blume, 432

a »- var. hirsuta, Stapf and

King, 433

Sophora glabra, Hassk., 146.
»» tomentosa, Zzzn., 146
SPATHOLOBUS, Hassk., 74

‘a acuminatas: Benth., 77
i bracteolatus, Prain, 76
aS crassifolius, Aeth., 78
ce dubius, Prazn, 78

ry ferrugineus, Benth., 75
Me gyrocarpus, Genth., 76,77
oe littoralis, Hassk., 78

ae macropterus, 4/27., 79
es Maingayi, Prain, 79

= riparius, Prax, 78

* Roxburghii, Bezth., 75

H Ridleyi, Praiz, 80

Spiraea pinnata, Bl., 299
Stenotropis, 70
Stizolobtum imbricatum, Kuntze, 65

S Junghuhnianum, Kuntze, 65

i giganteum, Kuntze, 68

- pruriens, Pers., 69
Stravidium acuminatum, Wall., 568

e acutangulum, Miers, 570
¥ album, DC., 567

3 coccineum, DC., 571

wa demissum, Miers, 571

* globosum, Miers, 571

a Horsfieldiz, Miers, 571

a? obtusangulum, Bl., 570
ue pubescens, Miers, 571

a3 veticulatum, Miers, 571

ma Rheediz, Bl., 570

by rubrum, DC., 570
=f sarcostachys, Bl, 568
‘ serratum, Miers, 571
- spicatum, DC., 571

Index. 27

Stravidium spicatum, Miers, 571
Strongylodon ruber, Voge/, 69
' Strophostyles, 49
Strychnos ? grandis, Wall., 324
Syzygium altissimum, Wall., 557
i angkolanum, Miq., 560
ss capillare, Wall., 535
3 caryophyllifolium, DC., 562
re caudatum, Wall., 530 |

x cinereum, Wall., 554

4% claviflorum, Wall., 537

‘ concinum, Wall., 530

zi corticatum, Wall., 539

dy costatum, Wall., 539, 560
fe cymosum, DC., 530

‘i euneuron, Miq., 543

a3 excavatum, Wall., 537; 538

_ expansum, Wall., 543

» Sfiliforme, Wall., 535

- firmum, Thw., 522

a grande, Walp., 522

= gratun, Wall., 539

<3 Lnophyllum, Wall., 544

sa Jambolanum, DC., 561

" », Var. mzcrocarpum, Thw.,

562

Si latertflorum, Royle, 562

i longtfiorum, Wall., 537

Pe montanum, DC., 522

* myrtifolium, DC., 549

¥ nelitricarpum, T. & B., 530

- nervosum, DC., 560

re nodosum, Miq., 560

Pe oblatum, Wall., 545

.s obovatum, Wall., 560

3 Paniala, Wall., 560

6 polttum, Wall., 540

aR polyanthum, Thw., 560

- pulchellum, Wali., 545

- punctulatum, Wall., 552

~ prrifolium, Wall., 529

- vibesotdes, WWall., 554, 560

ie rigidum, Wall., 548

+ scabridum, Wall., 539

43 scoparium, Wall., 555

- suavissimum, Wall., 538

ra sub-decussatum, Wall., 551

me subtile, Miq., 554

rr truncatum, Miq., 545

Ar vastum, Wall., 560

As verecundunt, Wall., 556

i vimineum, Wall., 506, 530
Zeylanicum, DC., 539

TAMARINDUS, Linn., 49

P indica, ‘Linn. ie OX
a occidentalis, Gaertn., 201
“5 offictnalis, Hook., 201

umbrosa, Salisb., 201
Tandale- -cotti, 38
Taeniochlaena Griffithii, Hook. fi/., 20
Talan, 211, 217
Talan-Kognet, 212, 213

Tapan, 167

TEPHROSIA, Pers., 84
is amoena, Eckl., 86
ee. amoena, Pers., 86
ms amoena, Wall., 86

» candida, DC., 84
. colutea, Wight, 86
of Hookeriana, W. & A., 85

x », Var. amoena, Prazm, 85
- hirta, Ham., 86

¥ purpurea, Pers., 85

a subamoena, Prazi, 86

villosa, Pers., 86
Teramnus, Sw., 58
1 labialis, Spreng., 58
2 var. mollis, Baker, 59
TERMINALIA, Linn., 327
= Badamia, Tu'Ine, 331
» belerica, Roxd., 329
$3 bialata, Steud. 332
ne Catappa, Zzn7., 331
by Citrina, Roxb., 329
- citrina, Flem., 328
a », var. Malayana, 329
> eglandulosa, Roxb., 330
a foetidissima, Grzff., 331
' Gella, Dalz., 330
5 intermedia, Spreng., 331
a lancifolia, Griff., 336

ts Manii, Azzg, 32g

is moluccana, Roxb., 330
tae moluccanu, Lam., 331
me Myrobalana, Roth, 331
35 nitens, Pres/, 330

- phellocarpa, Azug, 330
9 procera, Roxb., 331
mi punctata, Roth., 330
is subcordata, Willd., 331
subspathulata, King, 332
TETRAMELES, R. Br., 574
af nudiflora, R. Br., 575 /
Pr Grahamiana, Wight, 575
of rujinervis, Mig., 575
Thin-win, 96 :
Tjering, 266
Touchiroa bantamensis, Hassk., 223
i caudata, Prain MSS., 219
ae Curtisiz, Prain MSS., 220
#6 glauca, Prain MSS., 221
o gracilis, Prain MSS., 223
ie Scortechinit, Prain MSS., 220
= speciosa, Prain MSS., 222
“e Wallichiz, Prain MSS., 221
ve Wrayt, Prain MSS., 222
Trembleya rhinanthera, Griff., 414
TREVESIA, Vis., 401
ae palmata, V2s., 401
s iS cheirantha, Clarke,
402
Trichodia vareciformis, Griff., 578
Tricholobus ferrugineus, Blume, 4
TRICHOSANTHES, Linn., 370

28 Lndex.

TRICHOSANTHES anguina, Wall., 373

* aspera, Heyne, 373

os bracteata, Kurz, 373

ou celebica, Cogn., 374

- cordata, Wall., 373

*r costata, Bl., 376

a cucumerina, /zvm., 371,
376

oi grandtbracteata, Kurz, 374

oA grandiflora, Wall., 370

= Hearni, 7, AZul/., 372

a heterpetosperma, Kurz,
372

> heteroclita, Roxb., 370

as hexasperma, Bl., 370

“ea integrifolia, Kurz, 376

= lactnzosa, Wall., 373

? laciniosa, Klein MSS.,
371

es macrocarpa, Roxb., 370

-. multiloba, Clarke, 374

as officinalis, Wall., 376

mA palmata, Roxd., 373

- pilosa, WWall., 371

53 pubera, Bl., 373

ee reniformis, A/z7., 372

is tricuspts, Miq., 373

on tricuspidata, ptt 372

5 Wallichiana, Wight, 373

Wawraei, Cogn., ” 374
L3 ripodanthera Cochin- chinensis, Roem.,

376

TRISTANIA, R. Br., 501
Es burmannica, Griff., 504
yp Maingayi, Duthie, 502
oe merguensis, Grzff., 502
+ obovata, &. 47., 503
ys subauriculata, Azzg, 502
- sumatrana, Miq., 503

sa Whiteana, Grzf., 503
» Wightiana, Duthie, 503
Troostwyckia singularis, Miq., 17
Tualang, 167
Tubicalyx, 235
_ Tupidanthus calyptratus, Hook, fil. et
Thoms., 407
_ UMBELLIFERAE, 597
Unjiha, 257
- URARIA, Desv., 129
my comosa, DC., 131

URARIA crinita, Desv., 130
> lagopoides, DC., 131
MY linearis, Hassk., 130
fs picta, Desv., 130
“3 picta, Wight, 131
5 retusa, Wall., 131
Urd, 50
Vachelia Farnesiana, W. & A., 249
VICIEAE, 23
VIGNA, Savi
», anonala, Walp. 5 52
», Catjang, Walp., 52
#5 Pe sinensis, 52
me », var. typica, 52
», ¢tutea, A. Gray, 52
9» pilosa; Bak.,253
», retusa, Walp., 51
SUNENSTS, Endl., 52
Vitis atroviridis, Wall., 384
», ¢richophora, Wall., 384
WARDENIA, King
simplex, Aznug, 404
White Stris, 256
Weinnmannia Blumei, Planch., 299
Xiphocarpus candidus, Uassk., 85
Xylia dolabriformis, Bez¢h., 245
ZANONIA, Linn., 385
ss czssoides, Wall., 384
% Clarkei, Azug, 385
9 indica, Zzv27., 385
a laxa, Wali., 384
% pedata, Miq., 384
sarcophylla, Wall. » 386
ZOOPHTHALMUM, 65
a acumtinatum, Prain MSS.,
67
biplicatum, Prain MSS. , 67
giganteum, PrainMSS., 68
monospermum, Prain MSS.,

a nigrescens, Prain MSS., 65

ZORNIA, Gmel., 125

i angustifolia, Smith, 126

56 dictyocarpa, DC., 126

- diphylla, Fers., 126

‘5 gtbbosa, Span. 126

=: graminea, Span., 126

.; pulchella, Pers., 137

“ strobilifera, Pers., 43

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