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[182]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
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[183]
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[184]
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HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
[185]
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[186]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
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HISTORY
[187]
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[188]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
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MACKEREL FISHERY.
HISTORY OF THE
[189]
£602 ‘SIT
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REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [190]
MACKEREL INSPECTION IN MASSACHUSETTS.
STATEMENT II.—Showing the total number of barrels of each quality of pickled mackerel
inspected in Massachusetts from 1804 to 1880, and the total value of each year's inspection
from 1830 to 1880.
Barrels of mackerel inspected. |
Year. Total value.
is 2: 3. 4. Total.
1, 6314 GOOG BUA UM we AS cells acts ok 7, 807%, |.)
1, 787 2, 518% ARO O SRE NI MCiNe iMac! 8.5788 i Uae
2, 5634 2,756 SMOOTH Kilts pee ean RN 829620 oe ae
2, 8534 2, 462 AWACOL MNS mE 9.3050 Jo
1, 305% 2, 4134 SUOMOR Tee yey NR 7.629%) EL ae
2, 2742 3, 078 BEAT Rae pal Ns 8,825.) || Ee eee
2, 5404 4,770 poy AW WER MAN. Ske 12/5592. | ea
1, 3684 6, 023 TOVOOSE yaaa 17.4000.) ae
1, 0004 2, 1544 STOO Tae er ae 5, 8810!" |) Coes eae
900% Th Bal PAGES iene este 3: 756k ble eee
89 5464 703 ee 1,339) ee
3, 225% 5, 4563 TASTER | Pigeon 16.0592 4
8, 6948 9, 2644 ASHOLOM, Wisp 30/969" 7) bei ae
10, 4064 5, 267% Pate (Oketsy tel eae alee 3362) ee ae
14, 410 11, 1624 DO MTT ane Meo Sane” 46,348) ale eae
19, 614 36, 5214 ESEOT SRN eee 100-1) || Ea eae
12, 455 34, 8114 (GOES ese coos case Ib 64 | ne ee See
7, 4002 32, 1034 7A O55 a ar ere ht 009 05 | eee
20, 03 66, 6814 TAGS were oe li eG 029 435 | eee ane
19, 804 62, 0474 G35 4 ees aera [ales O08 lesaclecesc-
45, 246% 75, 221 FAST GS NS eth aan a Ot (650300 |e
29, 640 109, 840 TE CO eee oad aoe 25) 384k |e
43, 499 80, 58d SANG 5 Ma eae rear 115851740 | eee
81, 3574 69 335 ZOMG TOM Ip aun muaes 1905804350) Sone eens
63 2354 110, 6663 BLO No os wacuseos ORY BPEL We yea
54 184 77, 098 GACGOD mani eeepc nea 245, 977 ae
47, 8684 104, 5694 EG, QW Ioscosoesonce 308, 4634 | $1,119, 470
70, 198 171, 186 1D WBA Wonca e eke 383, 5484 1, 589, 936
28, 679 97, 2193 QO R55 SR ite eee 222, 452 797, 795
54, 5598 98, 9274 A, ae Wosesccacasec 222, 9324 976, 935
80, 4334 98, 5534 GOES Wecaoudeosece 252, 8794 1, 165, 842
45, 605 57, 2714 QUO 24 pera eens 194, 8003 1, 030, £69
58, 6054 60, 558 CONS7e, eee es 174, 4104 1, 268, 388
24, 573 61, 027 B2 HOEY Nokesscseana- 138, 1574 803, 658
37, 9684 28, 588 ARICA AUN ae ne 110, 7404 925. 002
22, 2174 22, 0374 Bi), OEY. “Wogasuasdeons 74, 2682 719, 204
19, 3514 11, 049 QOROOI Halle see Hee 50, 4914 473, 345
23, 747. 10, 649 DAN elo See ne eee 55, 537 518, 3u0
29, 363 22, 496 DSYGSAM all yea see 75, 543 493, 979
32, 759 13, 088 TELGOA GbeahokooeeN| GA ear 549, 419
28, 8434 22, 515 5540.23 ents | aoa eet 86, 3814 634, 502
28, 0833 88, 6234 OG GOES Noesscosguase! 202, 3022 1, &83, 669
44, 430% 70. 005 GSAOTEM eee en 179, 511% 1, 094, 585
104, 1503 76, 006% Gi TORS HASSE Li 251, 9174 2, 259, 958
113, 0932 79, 979% NO, OH” losscoeécsec. 300, 1308 1, 858, 500
61, 404 81, 962 G55 Aim anes aes 208, 950 1, 560, 126
88, 401 44, 909 87, 604 21,658 | 242.572 1, 777, 517
90, 7658 102, 4674 35, 5974 4142 | 329, 2442 2,249, 511
84, 0303 67, 0714 44, 8082 2,210 198, 120 1, 491, 923
49, 0152 24, 584 39, 897 19, 843% | 133, 3403 1, 207, 975
30, 5952 46, 2494 55, 1338 38,3782 | 135, 3492 1, 313, 535
29, 3022 91, 1228 90, 193% 1, 338% 211, 9563 2, 129, 084
89, 3333 76, 8193 47, 981% 178 214, 3128 2, 064, 581
84, 5193 45, 218 88, 2578 711 | 168, 7052 2, 162, 738
75, 3472 21, 9298 32, 33218 1,9924 | 131, 602.5, 1, 729, 546
61, 330 12, 0604 29, 2074 4, 1183 99, 7152 1, 255, 073
58, 8284 | 122, 837 50, 5782 3, 4412 235, 6852 2, 251, 067
70, 8778 100, 2868 22, 486 633% | 194, 2828 1, 116, 851
81, 9022 78, 3883 100, 011 5622 | 260, 864% 1,597, 4 6
67,9853 | 186,075, | 102, 601% 280 306, 942-9, 2, 878, 777
1038, 8833 | 187, 7463 33, 2122 144 | 274, 3574 5, 935, 525
1538, 7234 63, 5624 39, 26632 2444 256, 7963 4. 729, 840
150, 3222 36, 31918 44, 7848 2698 231, 696%, | 4, 824, 790
122, £082; | 46,038,% | 41, 04841 41ah 210, 314,45 2, 961, 933
93, 09131 | 42,262.7,| 44,07723 6253 180, 05621 | 9, 522,151
72, 9242 92, 0194 65, 717 38,5492 | 934 210% 8, 248, 315
66, 0464, | 189, 4928 63, 0198 333 318, 5212 | 3, 744, 197
105, 18733 85, 86728 68, 32217 384 259, 4162 2, 238, 055
71, 86622 54, 87082 55, 6033 1153 181, 9562; | 1, 948, 416
83, 6874 63, 88822 37, 79522 3762 185, 7484 2,799, 083
112, 97123 71, 44222 (BOGS edsus Goecee 258, 37918 2, 657, 616
33, 106% 19, 27013 73, 42427 4,261.7, | 130, 06224 1, 310, 140
30, 86922 96, 7232 93, 48133 4, 8184 225, 94245 | 1, 650, 306.
[191]
HISTORY OF THE
MACKEREL FISHERY.
MACKEREL INSPECTION IN MASSACHUSETTS.—Conutinued.
STATEMENT II.—Showing the total number of barrels inspected, §c—Continued.
Barrels of mackerel inspected.
Year. —_—_—_|Total value.
il 2 3. 4, Total.
SU MpRciate ae) sala aiel= aisle we cictemeeere 18, 0154 37, 28623 37, 70037 12,0942 | 105, 0977, | $1,137,516
LUGS. COS CACHE SEE Een nes 14, 094% 48, 1708 70, 1754 11, 7854 | @144, 2263 1, 084, 144
TEED): Sea ee a rE 9,0253 | 91, 1134 54, 8064 3524 | *155, 2973 892, 957
SRO ete rs Sicisin clcix hs /Mevatele ete eS 20,4534 | 104, 4844 99, 5542 19, 516% | 248, 9582 1, 474, 152
ISL GSS BR eee SCORE Se Seo 15, 5984 139, 586 98, 8614 2, 1273 256, 1734 1, 601, 081
aThe reports of the Boston fish bureau give the number of barrels packed in Massachusetts in
1878, 144,205 barrels ; in 1879, 156,125 barrels ; in 1880, 255,986 barrels ; in 1881, 269,495 barrels.
These
figures for 1880 and 1881 are probably nearer than the inspection returns to the actual product of the
fishery, since some 5 per cent. of the catch escapes inspection.
[192]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
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SLLASOHOVSSVIT NI NOLLOUdSNIGUY THURSO VIN
[193] HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
47.—STATISTICS OF MAINE.
The mackerel inspection of the State of Maine is exhibited in two
statements, showing the total number of barrels of pickeled mackerel
packed within the State for a series of years.
The first statement shows in detail the number of barrels of each
erade of mackerel inspected in the several inspection ports.of the State
during the years 1804 to 1820, and from 1864 to 1878, and was compiled
by Mr. Starbuck from the original returns of the inspectors, deposited
in the office of the secretary of state. Until the year 1820 Maine was
a district of Massachusetts, but since that year has been a separate
State. For the years from 1820 to 1864 the original returns could not
be found, and it is probable that the returns of many years between
1864 and 1878 exhibit not more than 50 per cent. of the actual number
of barrels of mackerel packed in the State.
The second statement shows the total number of barrels of each grade
of mackerel packed in the State during a series of years, and is com-
piled from the following sources: 1804 to 1820, from the official inspec-
tion returns; 1825, 1834, 1836 to 1838, and 1851, from Sabine’s report
on the American fisheries ; 1864 to 1878, from the official inspection re-
turns; 1879 to 1881, from the annual reports of the Boston fish bu-
reau.
A review of the statement indicates that the mackerel industry of
the State was more extensively prosecuted in 1881 than during any pre-
vious year.
[194]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
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[196]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
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HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
[197]
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[198]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
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[199]
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[201]
HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
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REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
MACKEREL INSPECTION IN MAINE,
[202]
STATEMENT II.—Showing the total number of barrels of each quality of pickled mackerel
inspected in Maine from 1804 to 1820, and from 1864 to 1881.
Year.
Barrels of mackerel inspected.
a The returns of the Boston Fish Bureau give the inspection this year 48.263 barrels.
b From returns of the Boston Fish Bureau. The State inspection returns for 1879 could not be found.
For 1880 the returns by the inspectors to the secretary of state give the number of barrels at 72,7143,
which is believed to be inaccurate.
48.—STATISTICS OF NEW HAMPSHIRE.
The statistics of mackerel inspection in New Hampshire are in a single
statement which shows the total number of barrels of mackerel packed
in Portsmouth, the only inspection port of the State, during the years
1830 to 1852, 1861 to 1881. These facts are compiled from the following
sources: 1830 to 1852, from Sabine’s Report on the American Fisheries;
1861 to 1877, from original returns of inspectors copied by Mr. Starbuck;
1879 to 1881, from official documents signed by the secretary of state of
New Hampshire.
In a foot-note is given the number of barrels packed
in the State during the years ending December 31, 1878 to 1881, as re-
ported to the Boston Fish Bureau.
[203] HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
Statement showing the total number of barrels of pickled mackerel inspected in New Hamp-
shire from 1830 to 1852, and from 1861 to 1881.a
Year. Barrels. Year. Barrels. Year. Barrels.
MASP esi iciominiciscvcds Sas PAD AND hi ek Sy otemadGaccedesone AN ACTA See Se 572
RS MMe scjote e's See tain DIAS PSIG eee acacia SCO GIL SOS Soe eek Se a el een ae
TIGBP) CSR SAE mene ee PAST D eye cone sdacoueecdease ZTOOSMT SEQ eee cules ae eae 157
IMSS) )S0cGRReeeeEeeeeee DOYS OM MUSCLE seteiesiteralejaeeaisieo siete 2NAO OATS TO eee ee a ea eee 3, 700
Gh See B SS Bee eeeSeobE TS20 0 USS Oo alent imate elects PAE ae NT ARS ay aE Re ies ee 2,071
Pe Pees esis cisiciats cic alente TOWSON LOU neta snertatletsstee rate ate SLAOMMELS (acetone ce sees 1, 878
MAO esis se! o =< cieicce oe wate Oy S10 |i) Webi edotcsoobadacedenc BOMB | LOlOneaweaiesocte cee ee sts 2, 398
TSEY) G6 eR GRE BER Eee Ouy2con |i Gomeeesemasacisisse ees 240) | AST4 oa a Sosy ees 5, 519
LSE Gc B AB aS eeeeeees 8, 420 VETO Sees eke oe Gee 8,415
LSB) ~- S32 eee ee aeees OOM LSGle es aecele ww cniewn aoe QA STG eee Ea 5, 351
HA Oe tisicicje cecicletisiin aes GSO! USG2E ew eeaterelacinetecirere TUS ae) SIE egteacneapae eae aE 643
SME os csicn viceo cs DSL OOM LSE Seis aeree ts sisiaceen cere Ca}o yt | Vat Reyr ees re ee ek 62, 252
MEDI E eo oss LislSuaiates PSO50M SEE sees scot ae resale SOOR ESTO Eee cee mes sae b3, 4354
it! 2 2S RS eee eneenae LTO EB OD sa ee wysenicieros cae gM | [a Rete eS eer ene A b 5, 967
1G Cee Sa eee eee TNO St: Saobecasseseosecno 2OON NSS Ls see ok loa eet b5, 885
a The inspection year ends on May 1, from 1869 to 1877, and on June 1 in subsequent years.
b The annual report of the Boston Fish Bureau gives the number of barrels packed in New Hamp-
shire in years ending December 31, 1878, 4,000 barrels ; 1879, 6,225 barrels; 1880, 7,350 barrels; 1881,
5,400 barrels.
49.—STATISTICS OF THE UNITED STATES.—TOTALS.
The mackerel industry of the United States, as far as pickled mack-
erel is concerned, is exhibited in a series of statements which show the
‘total number of barrels packed in the United States, and the im-
ports of mackerel from the Dominion of Canada. Several statements
gathered from Canadian sources are also included to show the mack-
erel industry of the United States as compared with that of Canada.
Statements I tolII show the number of vessels employed by the New
England States in the Bay of Saint Lawrence and American coast
fisheries, and the total catch of salt mackerel by these fleets during the
years 1879, 1880, and 1881.
Statement IV shows the quantity and value of pickled mackerel pro-
duced by the fisheries of the United States for the years 1831, 1834 to
1838, 1851, 1864 to 1881. From this statement it appears that more
mackerel were packed in the year 1881 than in any year, with the excep-
tion of 1831, in the history of this fishery. If to the quantity of mack-
erel salted there be added the quantity sold in a fresh condition, which
was from 150,000 to 175,000 barrels, the total catch of mackerel by the
American fleet in 1881 represents not less than 150,000,000 pounds of
round fish, a larger amount by 30,000,000 pounds than was ever before:
taken in a single year.
Statement V shows the total quantity and value of pickled mack-
erel produced by the fisheries of the United States as compared with
the production of Canadian fisheries during the years 1873 to 1880, from
which it appears that during this period the United States have pro-
duced 1,809,333 barrels, valued at $16,083,453, and the Canadian fish-
eries have produced 1,320,217 barrels, valued at $12,717,576, making the
total for both countries 3,129,550 barrels, valued at $28,801,029. Of
_ the American production not over 260,000 barrels, valued at about
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [204]
$2,500,000 were taken by American vessels in the Bay of Saint Law-
rence. .
Statement VI shows the number of barrels of pickled mackerel re-
ceived at Boston from United States and foreign ports during each
month of the years 1878 to 1881, also the total receipts during the year
1877. From this statement it appears that the mackerel industry of
Boston is increasing in importance, especially in the receipts of Ameri-
can mackerel.
Statement VII shows the price per barrel of the several grades ot
mackerel during the first week of September in each year from 1830 to
1881. These values may perhaps be generally taken as the average
value for the year, though in some years, as in 1881, the price rapidly
increased later in the year, when a large part of the product was placed
upon the market.
Statement VIIT shows the number of barrels of pickled mackerel im-
ported from the British North American provinces during the years
1821 to 1841, and from 1850 to 1881, also the value of each year’s impor-
tation from 1850 to 1881.
Besides the quantity of mackerel imported in 1872 from these prov-
inces there were 1,504 barrels, valued at $11,214, received from England,
Scotland, British West Indies, France, and Portuguese possessions,
making the total importation 79,235 barrels, valued at $449,625. In
the year 1873, 1,191 barrels mackerel, valued at $4,679, were received
-from the Danish West Indies and England, making the total importa-
tion for that year 90,889 barrels, valued at $610,457. The entire impor-
tation of pickled mackerel for the years subsequent to 1873 has been
from the British North American provinces.
The quantities of dutiable mackerel imported since June 30, 1873, and
included in the tabulated statement, are as follows: 1874, 190 barrels,
$1,550; 1875, 59 barrels, $553; 1876, 7 barrels, $48; 1877, 14 barrels,
$148; 1878, 6 barrels, $67; 1879, 2 barrels, $14; 1880, none specified;
1881, 9 barrels, $97; total, 287 barrels, $2,477. The quantities of pickled
mackerel imported from the provinces free of duty under the treaty of
Washington since June 30, 1873, are as follows: 1874, 89,503 barrels,
$800,920; 1875, 77,479 barrels, $584,283; 1876, 76,531 barrels, $695,412;
1877, 43,066 barrels, $372,260; 1878, 102,148 barrels, $907,246; 1879,
101,420 barrels, $649,721; 1880, 112,468 barrels, $493,059; 1881, 120,288
barrels, $614,729; total, 722,903 barrels, $5,117,630.
Statement IX shows the quantity and value of pickled mackerel im-
ported into the United States from the British provinces during the
years 1856 to 1872, being the time of the operation of the reciprocity
treaty, and from the close of that treaty to the beginning of the treaty
of Washington. The statement also shows what would have been the
duty on these imports during the period of reciprocity. These statistics
are compiled from sheets published by W. R. Clark, and believed to
be copied from United States custom-house returns.
[205] HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
Statement X shows the quantity and value of foreign pickled mack-
erel entered for consumption in the United States during the years ended
June 30, 1872 to1881. Comparing this Statement with statement VIII,
it appears that the total imports from the Dominion of Canada, from
1872 to 1881, amount to 890,619 barrels, valued at $6,164,295, and the
total consumption of Canadian mackerel during the same period amounts
to 836,218 barrels, valued at $5,900,649. This shows that nearly the
entire merereetiion of foreign mackerel is consumed in this country; and
such would naturally be the case since the imports are the best qualities
of Canadian mackerel that are too fat for export to the West Indies or
other foreign countries.
Statements XI to XV, inclusive, show the production of mackerel by
the fisheries of the Dominion of Canada, and the exports of mackerel
from that country during a series of years. They are compiled from the
annual reports of the department of marine and fisheries of the Domin-
ion of Canada, the documents and proceedings of the Halifax Commis-
sion, and a report by United States Consul-General Jackson, of Halifax,
on the fisheries of Canada, and their value to the United States, printed
in commercial reports of the Department of State for January, 1881.
The first three of these statements show the total value of pickled and
fresh mackerel, the value of mackerel exported to all countries, and the
value of mackerel exported to the United States during the period from
1873 to1879. From these statements we see that the production is valued
at $10,654,528, and the exports amount to $5,481,493, of which the United
States receives nearly three-fourths, or $4,090,139 worth. Of the entire
production only $115,918 worth of fresh or canned mackerel is included,
of which $26,018 worth was exported to the United States, as follows:
1873, none specified; 1874, from Nova Scotia, 26,390 pounds fresh, $2,689 ;
1875, trom Nova Scotia, 1,008 pounds fresh, $126; 1876, from Nova
Scotia, 22,760 pounds fresh, $4,632; 1877, from Nova Scotia, 8,976 pounds
preserved, $1,051; from New Brunswick, 703 pounds fresh, $62; 1878,
from Nova Scotia, 54,200 pounds fresh, $1,266, 4,365 pounds preserved,
$4,287; from New Brunswick, 87,883 pounds fresh, $5,099, 9,448 pounds
preserved, $693; from Quebec, 10,738 pounds fresh, $654; 1879, from
Nova Scotia, 39, 700 pounds fresh, $2,632, 266 pounds preserved, $818;
from New EROS. 52,786 souls est $2,009; total value, $26,018.
The total yield of fish and fish anedawis, by the fisheries of Canada,
from 1873 to 1879, as given in official documents, was valued at
$82,094,962, of this amount $40,802,322 worth was exported to all coun-
tries, including $11,695,530 worth exported to the United States.
Statement XIV shows the quantity and value of mackerel produced
by the Canadian fisheries from 1869 to 1880, including those of Prince
Edward Island since its entry into the Dominion in 1873.
Statement XV shows the quantity and value of pickled mackerel
exported from the Dominion cf Canada to the United States from 1873
- to 1879, also from Prince Edward Island from 1857 to 1873, and from
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [206]
Newfoundland from 1853 to 1876. From this statement it appears that
the total exports of pickled mackerel to the United States amounts to
528,272 barrels, valued at $4,068,925. Comparing this quantity and
value with the imports into the United States during the same period
as given in Statement VIII, by the United States Bureau of Statistics,
we find the imports amount to 580,123 barrels, valued at $4,618,000.
Part of the discrepancy between those two statements may be ac-
counted for from the fact that the United States returns are for the fis-
cal years ended June 30, while the Canadian returns may be for the
calendar years.
NEW ENGLAND MACKEREL FLEET, 1879.
STATEMENT I.—Showing the number of vessels and their catch of salt mackerel in the Bay
of Saint Lawrence and American shore mackerel fisheries for the season of 1879, as re-
ported to the Boston Fish Bureau.
[Compiled from annual report for 1879. ]
Vessels. Barrels of mackerel.
Bay. | Shore. | Total.| Bay. Shore. Total.
MASSACHUSETTS.
Newburyportssceencssececnseseniceeses selene 6 2 8 721 870 1, 591
ROG pORi preseason ets ecise aaeeeaaatseslsrstsietetae 8 Gilodacespssallscoosessas|loceseses 2c
Gloucesterse! ce eee fee es ae 85 111 7, 125 47, 085 54, 210
Boston ft -. 4 85 39 1, 310 48, 103 49, 413
Cohasset. - 6 @ }iosaco0se44 4, 900 4,900
Wellfleet ..... 22 P| |S a A 17, 200 17, 200
Provincetown . ae 5 eek Sn at 4, 354 4, 354
Chatham ..... BS é 7 O ooadesoase 5, 688 5, 688
Harwich..... Sci 11 BO eh a see neo 10, 938 10, 938
Dennis .......- e 10 11 240 7, 290 7, 530
IY ANIME Se reeia eee aicioe = Seaensesemnicscsesneh ee ceece 2 PB NeShossease 301 301
Total te! else Le a Valen 37| 193| 230| 9,396| 146,729] 156,195
NEW HAMPSHIRE ham
TROYES Ow ths Pes Ue ee Na ah ee ee Oe ee 9 £0 DLN EE 6, 225 6, 225
MAINE een
Meeriislee eee hee ee a eee ae ee ee eee ceane aC aa 3 I a tal rT
Gierrr orn UA RE ETA TTS A 3 pave 1, 020 1, 020
IN@UUID, 18 YG esos canasoeecabeSseoaseoadboodalecobacad 6 @ |jsoscasudH6 1, 278 1, 278
Booth Bayes ohe ees ee eR ce ee a ae 9 9 bisa teas 3, 951 3, 951
Portlan ae eee ees A a OE a 5 60 65 1, 400 50, 600 52, 000
Motel Meese Ne OVNI ge Bb 861 1,400] 56,849| 58249
Total for New England. ...--..--..-...- 42 283 325 10,796 | 209, 803 220, 599
* Vessels packed out away from home.
t+ Numerous vessels packed out in addition to home fleet.
+ Vessels mostlv nacked out away from home.
FISHERY.
MACKEREL
HISTORY OF THE
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[208]
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[209]
HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
MACKEREL FISHERY OF THE UNITED STATES.
STATEMENT IV.—Showing the number of barrels and value of pickled mackerel produced by
jisheries of the United States for the years 1831, 1834 to 1838, 1851, 1864 to 1881.*
Massachu- * New Hamp-| Total quantity and
Years. setts. Maine: shire. val Sale:
Barrels. Barrels. Barrels. Barrels. Value.
283, 5488 44, 9514 21,450 | 449, 950 $1, 862, 793
252, 8793 40, 661 18,200 | 311, 7404 1, 437, 123
174, 410 25, 228 9, 450 209, 088 1, 520, 069
138, 1574 22, 462 5,225 | 165, 8444 965, 214
110, 7404 24, 312 3,420 | 138, 4723 1, 156, 243
329, 2442 31, 472 3,073 | 363, 7894 2, 484, 679
274, 857+ 49, 7974 300 324, 454% 7, 001, 098
256, 7964 54, 215% 45 811, 056% 5, 729, 851
231, 6962, | 44, 6274 200 | 276,52315 | 5, 161, 261
210,314, | 38, 6754 572 | 24456133, | 3, 174, 180
TO ORG | DEVAS Weotecodcee se | 208, 83022 | 2, 924, 987
234, 2102 37, 1664 157 | 271, 534% 3, 762, 985
318, 5213 5Y, 304,45 3,700 | 374,525,7, | 4, 400, 563
259, 416% 48, 6033, 2,071 | 310, 0912 2, 668, SL
181, 956.3, 22, 178 1, 878 206, U07.)5 2, 205, 761
185, 7484 29, 19338 2,398 | 210,350, | 3, 167, 948
258, 37918 | 43, 7412 5,519 | 307, 64024 | 8, 163, 701
130, 06224 9 5024 8, 415 142, 98023 a1 1, 489, 315
225, 94227 22, 4294 5, 351 253, 72287 1, 853, 103
105, 097, | 22, 157% 643 | 127,8982. | 1,384, 223
144, 205 48, 263 4, 000 196, 468 1, 408, 675
156, 125 58, 249 6, 225 220, 599 1, 268, 444
255, 986 86, 838 7, 350 349, 674 2, 398, 004
269, 495 116, 762 5,400 | 391, 657 2, 447, 556
*The figures for the years 1834 to 1838 and 1851 are from Sabine’s Report on the American Fisheries;
for the years 1864 to 1877 from the State inspection returns ;
reports of the Boston Fish Bureau.
for the years 1878 to 1881 from the annual
MACKEREL FISHERY OF THE UNITED STATES AND OF THE DOMINION
Or
CANADA.
STATEMENT V.—Showing the number of barrels and value of pickled mackerel produced by
the fisheries of the United States from 1873 to 1881, and by the fisheries of the Dominion
of Canada from 1873 to 1880.
Year.
Total 1873 to 1881.
Total 1873 to 1880.
United States. Dominion of Canada. Total.
Barrels. Value. Barrels. Value. Barrels. Value.
210, 3500 $3, 167, 948 159, 530 $1, 615,552 | 369, 88035 | $4, 783, 500
307, 64014 3, 163, 701 161, 096 1,559,551 | 468,736!4 | 4, 723 252
142. 98033 1, 439, 315 123, 6544 1,230,545 | 266,63422 | 2) 675, 860
253, 72227 1, 853, 108 104, 356 992,794 | 35807827 | 2, 845, 897
127, 898.2; 1, 384, 223 163, 916 1,639,160 | 291,814.22 | 3 028, 383
196, 468 1, 408, 675 183, 919 1, 766,226 | 380, 387 3,174, 901
220), 599 1, 268, 444 190, 076% 1, 745,490 | 410, 6754 3, 013, 934
349) 674 2) 398, 044 233, 669. 2,162,258 | 583, 343 4, 560, 302
391, 657 Sa Erk Tat a OAR A A NR
3) Hii) SAW || os GAN WUD es eee Se alle DESL ge, |e Fc BY
1, 809, 33383 | 16,083,453 | 1,320,217 | 12,717,575 | 3, 129,55083 | 28, 801, 029
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [210]
MACKEREL INDUSTRY OF BOSTON, MASS.
STATEMENT VI.—Showing the number of barrels of pickled mackerel received in Boston
JSrom home and foreign poris, from 1877 to 1881, as reported to the Boston Fish Bureau.
{Compiled from annual reports of Boston Fish Bureau. ]
1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1881
Se Bese Be ge | sa es | ee Se eee
i i = mR os i i sy i) = | & i i i i=)
Blemany oe se cM meals ere 272 | 480| 611| 1,484] w7| 3,576] 211] 1,179
ON yo oatee se Nbece ee cei te 371 | 1,132] 1,417] 1,490] 709| 3,947| 1,202| 2,065
LOGROT Gta ARSCNE Lla AC AURS eal 842 | 1,555 | 3,868! 4,577| 331] 2,012) 3,252| 7,269
PAST Same se ye See cial|eree seme ellos eecrarel 740 50 1, 606 1, 878 184 138 464 4, 482
Ee ee IRN sce ea 3,077"| 2,160*| 1, 183 95| . 945%] 178] 2,161 | 1,725
Sarit) Aoeptts Mae eS ae RL Ca 2,299; 5,037| 2,843; 779] 1,679; 6,283| 3,269) 2,366
Eyre yee poe ey aU EO 774 | 5,341| 1,505 | 6,450] 4,166 | 8.292] 10,943 | 5, 766
DACs sean Sava es |e a 5,472 |-21,495 | 5,158 | 12/290 | 10,158 | 14,891 | 12,678 | 3, 931
September..____-- Pr idige CCHBE gata 4,533 | 12,109 | 5,085 | 13,878 | 9,412 | 19,713 | 20,868) 12, 902
Octoperia te uae, Wea 7,025 | 15,092 | 4,934 | 25,600 | 4,934 | 30,033 | 10,391! 11, 550
November. WA Sener eo 5,039 | 9,383 | 2,495 | 12,180) 2,495 | 11,532] 6,574 | 5,356
Scere UE ye ee ee 1,437 | 4,405 | 3,233 | 3,512| 1,701| 5,205| 1,640| 3,259
Catch of Boston
iter uaa ea (20,,139)|.----- BEAR |[uaediace AD 2H eae oh. 5 An 002) eee 69, 669 |... ...
————S— oe a ff |
Ro tale eeeee 55, 668 | 86,356 | 64,339 | 78,689 | 83,231 | 84,213 | 90,763 |105, 730 [143,319] 61, 850
Grand total.| 142, 024 143, 028 167, 444 196, 493 205, 172
\
« New.
PRICE OF MACKEREL IN MASSACHUSETTS.
STATEMENT VII.—Showing the price per barrel of each grade of pickled mackerel in th
first week of September, from 1830 to 1881.
[Compiled from the files of the Gloucester Telegraph and the Cape Ann Advertiser.]
Year. No.1. | No.2. | No.3. Year. No.1 No.2. | No.3
ASSO Bsa eeilescmisisaeeinem cle $5 00 $4 50 PANGZ TN BH OE sees cle atelaystoeeereiste $14 50 | $12 59 $8 50
itp ee Seco cS ee eRe Ae aere 5) (5) 4 75 2AG2 TH MSG Oe eee ere ee 16 00 8 50 5 00
TORR oe te Aah Least 5 00 4 00 PAR alls tS le ete ee econ eae 8 50 4 50 275
TSB en See oe Sere S Sete 5 72 4 72 Qe Sou MBC2 Mee eee wae ye claret 8 25 6 00 4 50
TOBA eerie a Sis Siva abet 572 4 72 BO) | Ie oc ccc codesdeosecsaes 14 00 9 25 6 50
CB pees te tee eaeaere as 7 00 6 00 AO Oeil lel SGA wees ee perce eret Bil) (0) FAD) lense cee -
TSE Gers ee Sate ovat mis eco 9 00 8 00 SROOMHMISGS Sweep ee aee ee aer ease 22 00 15 00 9 75
SST ec cme cies ooo 1B) 6 50 AON 2 WSC OS sees tea Gettin cena 22 75 16} 25) Jncsc =<
ICE eo oleae Sate Reser 11 00 9 25 HOON MSCs sates cis elace ee eee 17 00 12 25 7 50
IG ae See ene Ae oeerer 12 50 10 50 BOO) WABSGS i ee ee oacenele ee siaa 17 00 IIB} OW Ns sasese =
Ce cies Seer sr eases 12 75 10 50 5 Obl WS GO esses ah tere Ce 23 00 11°50" || ae
Tf ee era aerate 12 00 10 00 6 00 |) 1870—bay ----.----------. 21 50 11) 00%) 232235
NSA Reeser en ice eae occa 9 00 6 00 4 00 SHOLEM= asl eisee eee 23 00 OS se ae
PBA Be oa sari tae ere ine 10 12 8 12 @ (0) |} aeirAl—weny — odoncasssesscc 10 50 vis\)) 5 50
PBA Ge Rete Siok ie ee ee pees etnias 9 50 7 50 5 50 Shores see eee ise iil Bs 2) 6 25
BEC A eerste ciate 13 00 10 50 GROT Bie —aiyesa= see sae eee 11 50 9 25 7 00
SG eM es eens cas 9 12 6 25 3 87 SHOTC etme ces 14 50 ) BO jens ;
BA ee eres hoe onions 12 75 8 25 AS2 ole Siia—Deyasomnceee see ee 14 75 W225 9 00
SAS Ws eas Sects Spe es eee O00) 6 00 3 37 SHOLEcsaciiecleceers 20 00 120207 |e eee
NESEEG The Pye tere erie aan en ore 12 00 7 00 3750) || STi —baiysa eee see eee 15 00 8 00 7 00
ISS ORME Sein Shee See ae 10 12 8 12 5 00 Shorep ocean wee 1325 9 00 7 00
TaN Se CO se ee ee eiceaes 10 00 6 50 Slee O75—baivis-seceeeeee nee 14 00 ATCOOS|Eaaeee 3
TS erepe ee mera acetate es 9 00 7 00 by 7/3 | SHORE ee ceeee ere 16 25 10 25 7 50
Thee a AC Eee eine 11 50 9 50 EAD OVW SIG Lercrae2o)- Sea epema ces 15 00 6 75 5 50
a SF Ee a ed Ae Sa 15 00 12 25 SO OW Wal aitiectarcies sree oe epee eee | 16 50 12) 50 8 00
APBD eeerete sinc hee crsniomeisieres 19 00 11 00 Ge2SuIUST Boss ene acess ee | 18 00 8 00 5 00
NSD OMe ase SSeS close ceee eee 13 00 8 00 @ ON) |i) Wee soe pita eeeieeemeeee | [16 00] 5 00 3 00
TS BY(G Bee eso eeaE SOB ace secs 15 00 | 12 50 SCHOO MISS O Meath a enae etree Cree 14 00 7 00 4 00
q hela te\eeac/ 3 eae RN Ree eee 15 50 12 50 BUSA S Slicers eye ele Seelam 14 00 6 00 4 00
[211]
HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL
FISHERY.
UNITED STATES IMPORTS OF PICKLED MACKEREL.
STATEMENT VIII.—Showing the number of barrels of pickled mackerel imported into the
United States from the British North American Provinces from 1821 to 1841, and from 1850
to 1881, and also the value of same from 1850 to 1881.*
Year. | Barrels. Year. Barrels.
SoscCds Seeee aerate 1834 223
Bee (aiee||[oe eae ciec 1835 8, 153
ee sail aiaicte si paeee 1836 6, 037
1821 7 1837 1, 256
1822 337 | 18388 182
1823 67 1839 7, 046
1824 790 1840 11, 828
1825 242 1841 10, 877
1826 STs Wastes eee vee
1827 SO || cesarean CS LE 3
1828 3B. Aen anor ese
1829 tl ees Ese ea SCS eae
1830 Be Sl eee eres legos ets
1831 AE 59)a| (Rema ON Hea Daa
1932 5p [See GS
1833 PAH cere sets Cec ese
Year.
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
Barrels. |
Barrels. | Value. || Wear. Value.
75, 326 | $335, 309 | 1866 56,613 | $528 270
102, 394 | 548, 553 1867 77, 503 675, 986
78, 334 | 327, 613 | 1868 41, 655 364, 429
54,407 | 329, 216 1869 99,701 327, 079
61,815 | 470, 916 1870 30, 712 346, 956
80, 012 27, 283 1871 | 29,333 254, 986
62,606 | 492, 802 | 1872 77, 731 438, 410
49,477 | 457, 074 | 1873 89, 698 605; 778
67, 345 | 664, 852 | 1874 89, 693 802, 470
49,086 | 565, 029 | 1875 77, 538 385, 836
63,549 | 588, 969 1876 76, 538 695, 460
38, 023 | 269, 399 1877 43, 080 372, 408
37,710 | 247, 678 | 1878 | 102, 154 907, 313
62,767 | 402,178 | 1879 | 101, 422 649, 735
80, 665 | 599, 109 | 1880 } 112,468 493. 059
120, 067 1881 | 129, 297 614, 820
957, 411
*The statistics in this statement are obtained from the following sources: For the years 1821 to 1841
from Sabine’s ‘‘ Report on the American Fisheries”; for the fiscal years ending June 30, 1850 to 1855,
1867, 1868, and 1872 to 1881, from theannual reports of the United States Bureau of Statistics; for the
years 1856 to 1866, 1869, 1870, and 1871, from sheets published in 1879 by W. R. Clark, and believed to be
compiled from United States custom-house records.
Mr. Clark’s statistics are the most reliable we
have obtained for the years for which we quote them, as the returns of the United States Bureau of
Statistics do not give the desired details tor those years.
[212]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES,
Bb SCL £16 ‘L9¢ 126 ‘T9 Z60 ‘89% 00L ‘SFL ‘LT | 9FO ‘FST 9h ‘see‘t | sop ‘269‘S | 8Le ‘699 818 ‘G9 C10 ‘LIE 606 ‘Ze
F3P é SSL ‘PL GPL T 9FS OL G68 ‘0G 821 '8 .| O18 6 000 ‘662 GGT ‘OF 168 ‘Ze 920 ‘9
696 PL0‘L I8P 088 ‘S BLE ‘6 OFG6 099 ‘OF 089 ‘LST 086 ‘3% 966 € 16f ‘TL
‘als 06 9 496 6 PES 1G 286 ‘T OPS 6P 26 “ELE EL9 ‘FZ 11 ‘LE GI ‘s
09 GOL P 608 090 ‘9 6S “er 080 OPP GP BL ‘6S GGL FZ FOL 8L Sor VY
922 T GSS ‘9 g19 ose ‘eI Poh ‘eG GLL‘9 08G ‘eS 069 ‘8% GOL ‘9% 080 ‘68 SG0kGe Sale Speer ee waete “S987
9c¢ 6 S60 FP SLL PF 796 ‘8T GEL ‘88 Z8P 6 806 ‘F8 068 ‘29E PSG ‘GP TES ‘8 Oi Galcwe © Cee See See “LOST
$86 9 TLI ‘98 C6P‘S HES ‘L 19% 8% LI9 ‘ 068 ‘G6 $88 ‘LP cP ‘OF 199 ‘08 GES ‘Z 998T
909 ‘FL 163 ‘29 $08 ‘L 9G ‘Lb G29 “E81 BLL ‘ES G19 ‘P91 0g8 ‘169 908 ‘28 860 ‘96 Fle 3 “G98T
PPG GL 921 ‘LP GLE 9 $26 FP 636 ‘9LT GOP ZS 088 ‘96 OLL ‘OFE OPP ‘8F GLO ‘8G G28 ‘3 “POST
GOEL 68S ‘CB 199 ‘¢ FOL ‘FG 088 ‘LL GSE ‘GL 0¢9 ‘G8 TI9 ‘993 GZ8 ‘GP 118 ‘9% LLL'T €98T
906 6 69L FS £96 7 PLO ‘IT 086 ‘6 LEGG 899 ‘OF 196 ‘ZPL PEE 8 084 LT 619 T “C98
29S ‘PL €68 “8S 182 ‘L POP LT 686 ‘PL GEL ‘8 $16 LE 998 ‘ZT 1&6 ‘81 GPO % 088 “198
FOL IL 966 8S GGG ‘¢ 86 11 90L ‘OL 698 FL ‘86 OSL ‘68F 296 ‘6P 66 ‘E 19 Pi ic | OSI Ses eas 098T
BLP ‘9 LOF ‘88 683 ‘6 969 1 910 ‘6L 861 9 CLL S 006 ‘0c 988 ‘98 LOG ‘S Dc pepeccae mes atta as oe ate eee es 6981
888 ‘L GLP 87 vt6 S 89% FI GGr OL 661 P81 ‘66 896 ‘88h GOS ‘6F 168 &L 68‘ Sse 2 teh fellG
929 1S G69 “GP G18 088 ‘OLS 19g ‘098 OPPS BOL ‘6h 019 ‘LIE 199 ‘98 966 6 TORE ESA valbeeae x cere eee eam LG8T
869 ‘OTS 69P ‘Sh$ (eg yes peeeredy |eeeane oes Bees | Sree 00L ‘FES 066 ‘Paes 0S8 ‘LP OFT ‘es IGE ue |e a ee 9g8T
2a A aE Goel Pe B OUCE eee a sn eeeelse se Soe eee em eseaal bre ate She ne ea ieee sey Oe eS | ere = omdeoses|hiSaeo Seaeee == 2-=-- GGT
‘ANG ‘One A BS) ene ete § “LING ‘ont eA BS) en edihe § “AVE “OnTe A “‘spoliEg “AING ‘one A “‘s[o1llEg
: "Ivo
‘eruvalAsuue “YO A M9 NT “SUPOSNTOVSSVYL “OULBYL e =
: )
[‘saqour g1 Aq gt (A 0} V) Sqo9ys
8. TIVIO “TM Aq ‘619T reek oy} ur ‘ssorSttog fo jov 0} Burproose podojzus ‘oAISHpOUL ‘Z1ST OF OCT *
SdDOUIAOIG OY} WoIZ YS JO WorezzodmMy Jo sonsyrys ,,
tory popiduoy]
“BLT 02 OGRT ‘saouaoud ysyiwg ayy WOLf so;vIS payug ey2 O71 paycodunr jasayonu pajyord fo anjyna pup figy,wonb ay, Gmimoyg—' X{ INDNALVLY
‘TAPOMOVI GATINId JO SLYOMWI SULVLS GALINA
HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
[213]
‘QUILT pue S}JOSNyOeSssey_ JOpUN popnypous y
GoP GLB ‘T #8c Fc0 ‘8 | TTL ‘Le6 9F6 ‘GE 610 ‘9ST €16 ‘LT 829 ‘006 ‘T | Tor ‘ehs ‘F | PIE ‘009 416 ‘82 T6L ‘862 LGP ‘68
869 ‘C1 LLL 'TOv P28 ‘C9 926 ‘¢ 988 ‘FL £9L % P18 OL G86 ‘Tee LEP ‘Ge ggg 'T 86 'b BLL 776181
999 ‘8S 986 ‘PSG GEE ‘6% OPPS CEL IT 663 ‘T 008 ‘18 8Le ‘60T 006 ‘ST 8s % 806 ‘ZI IL T Diag oa eee tee a AT LO
Par ‘19 GIL 08 022 ‘¢ 110 ‘08 019 ‘% CEP ‘6G 804 ‘FOL 9TL PT GLP T 806 ‘IT 98
GOP ‘69 610 ‘L28 TOL ‘66 0&L 'S €9G ‘LT coe ‘T 989 ‘98 128 ‘98T EPs ‘81 9LE £08 ‘T 88L
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966 ‘EIT 012 G8 E19 ‘99 #88 ELL ‘& GPP PPO LL 016 ‘698 GGG ‘BE 890 'T 182 PEG Te Se So eee OOO
PEL ‘OFS TLP ‘166 190 ‘021. 06T 166 G6 009 ‘FEL 866 ‘Peg 008 ‘L9 GE68 LEG ‘Ee 99 F See GE 2S ORO CONS GT
08s ‘LOT GOL ‘66S 699 ‘08 096 ‘¢ LPL ‘FS 086 Bch ‘16 SLB ‘SHE PIL SP GE6 T G19 ‘S 996 “"=" "$987
$86 ‘C2L SLT ‘COP hon ‘ZO 0g8 £09 ‘3 GCP 960 ‘0L EGS ‘TI 8P0 ‘SE Pak PF WD, IGE COL % "7" €98T
OG ‘GL 8L9 (LFS OTL LE SPP 826 ikea 80h ‘66 89L (18 POL PT oot Fh 868 ‘GL G12 ‘3 begencoel
9F0 ‘OL 666 ‘693 £20 ‘88 966 &2g SPL 7 | sce"re 9F0 ‘06 GLI ‘LT OPE |G 909 FI E19 @ ge eel o SE
860 ‘LAL 656 ‘88S 6PS ‘69 FOP 666 ‘T GES GE9 ‘T8 0¢0 ‘PLE 9T8 ‘OF O19 'F REL ‘OT COG Greremel | SaSincess see SITS 2 Sees 000)
GLI ‘86 620 ‘G9S 980 ‘6P 788 6P9 ‘T TPP PPL 68 G16 ‘068 CLG ‘IP P69 ‘8 6EE ‘TS L¥8 1 --°5 °° 698T
069 ‘PSL 298 ‘99 GPS ‘19 089 L6L ize FPO ‘C9 069 ‘218 GGG ‘GE 00L ‘6 GE9 ‘LE 0&8 'F heeds sean
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REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
[214]
CONSUMPTION OF FOREIGN MACKEREL IN THE UNITED STATES.
STATEMENT X.—Showing the number of barrels and value of foreign mackerel entered for
consumption in the United States, 1872 to 1881.
[Compiled from reports of United States Bureau of Statistics. ]
Year ended June 30— Free of duty. Dutiable. Total.
Barrels. Value. Barrels. Value. Barrels. Value.
7 ae AR a A PAR Del RRO a eg 39,572 | $247, 796.251 39, 572 $247, 796,25,
TUS Na hs UN I Te AN SP SRM Be a Se 70, 65157, | 523,35725,| 70,6514, | 523, 35725,
DG CN Ae Sees ete ee 89, 3762 $793, 764 1, 4962 3, 325 90, 8734 807, 089
SSIs Svea OS aie ES 78, 0914 586, 825 41 524 78, 1324 587, 3849
TSG. Ue hea RE CIA 76, 582,85] 695, 847 16 70 76, 598,85] 695, 917
TICS Nee OB DS 44, 1693 373, 79288 gt 105 44,178 373, 89738,
SS f ee ae care oe Cisse eo mates 101, 995 907, 013 6 67 102, 001 907, 080°
TUCO eG Sa a eh Ne 101, 450 650, 04843, 2.88, 19;55| 101, 452,88] 650, 06728,
SSB Oma RIA aia Sar ENT 112, 3854 492, 80734 12 127 112, 3974 492, 934 40,
TES CEE a 120, 3524 615, 06329; 83 98.62; 120, 361 615, 161-88,
NM Se AC ORM 724, 40335,| 5,115, 160,25! 111, 814.75.) 785, 480,85,| 836, 218,8,| 5, 900, 649,88,
UD typ at Ce ee ea Oise ee ee HEV pe eee $223, 629579,
Notre.—All the consumption of foreign mackerel as given in the above table for the year 1877, and
subsequent to that time, and nearly all, if not the entire consumption for the year prior to 1877, is the
product ot the British North American provinces.
MACKEREL FISHERY OF THE DOMINION OF CANADA.
STATEMENT XI.—Showing the total value of the production of the mackerel fishery of the
Dominion of Canada, 1873 to 1879.
, . New Prince Kd-
Year. Quebec. Nova Scotia. RS. Ie eel Total.
Wat cooacocoooopacseoosnobuooad $61, 700 $1, 411, 676 $35, 447 $111, 512 $1, 620, 335
FS OUR ans a ee 72, 780 1, 234, 649 51, 280 221, 761 1, 580, 470
1875 . S00 aheo ps6 cedesiloscococesessse sddoce detabsac|lassoces Seas ccee eee 1, 245, 752
NOW Be sot edssoooeppaseasoae 49, 750 714, 263 30, 610 203, 064 997, 687
TIE OE RAS NL 53, 579 1, 155, 140 54, 476 404, 620 1, 667, 815
TOTS MUN Gym CHARS AMS 87, 360 1, 307, 611 97, 372 291, 976 1, 784, 319
MeO cess escoseoaeoncoupasboscoe 60, 420 1, 019, 640 114, 676 563, 411 © 1, 758, 150
Atouenl MEEVEE Sogdooood lsoooaacoSco aos lbeoaabeobooeaallbocoouuoanoon:|\ladooangondascé 10, 654, 528
MACKEREL EXPORTS OF THE DOMINION OF CANADA.
STATEMENT XII.—Showing the total value of mackerel exported from the Dominion of
Canada to all countries, 1873 to 1879.
. New Prince Hd-
Year. Quebec. Nova Scotia. Rian eiicloes | cananstar a: Total.
1ST ee is eG $2, 076 | $673, 894 $10, 232 $29, 830 $716, 032
Web osieocsoocdtdcecsoddosuesos 984 615, 992 25, 123 73, 329 715, 428
USS soocssocanakdsocossosesode 953 509, 117 30, 338 252, 839 793, 247
WSO == sosadoacessseobicsosusosce 206 582, 155 56, 979 108, 832 747, G72
MAY sa cehoguaenoonnas Booeseena$ 65 442, 306 46, 179 98, 383 586, 933
NEE sa5tso ddseodoadssoasbosesas 1, 078 677, 550 85, 289 279, 568 1, 048, 435
ESTO RR hae caren re UE a 1, 665 651, 037 83, 946 145, 098 881, 746
Total 1873 to 1879.......-.. 7,027 | 4, 152, 051 338, 036 987, 379 5, 481, 498
|
[215]
HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
MACKEREL EXPORTS OF THE DOMINION OF CANADA.
STATEMENT XITII.—Showing the total value of mackerel exported from the Dominion of
Canada to the United States, 1873 to 1879.
|
< New Prince Ed-
Year. Quebec. Nova Scotia. Pama, || seeslciendk. Total.
$940 $502, 226 $10, 232 $20, 440 $533, 838
984 518, 809 25, 128 | 73, 279 618, 195
860 242, 704 28, 978 251, 232 523, 774
206 415, 148 56, 274 108, 332 579, 955
21 216, 170 46, 023 97, 359 359, 573
1, 088 473, 571 84, 682 279, 402 838, 743
1, 394 406, 024 83, 605 145, 038 636, 061
5, 493 2, 774, 647 334, 917 975, 082 4, 090, 139
[216]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
: ‘onfea oyertiooe sot ogg Apqeqord st top ‘oTe'ece 14 ‘T1e@T Aeok onf4
IoF ATOYSH Sty} JO yonpord o9 Jo onpea oy4 BAAIS //gT dof SotaoysT_ jo Jotiorsstiti0 OH et} Jo y10do1 JenuUY oY) UT MOTAOA @ OSTS S¥ ‘TOISSIMIMOL) X¥ITTVE 9Y} IV poyuosoad so1yW87
-yeys 94} ING “208 018 “S$ ye pony ‘spo1Vq EZF “6EZ ‘AIOYSY JoLeyoeM oT} Jo yonpoad o4} seats [LET avod OY} 10z SOLLOYST puL oulaEPL Jo uouivded oy Jo y10doa [euuUR ONY, «
996 ‘811 ‘% 804 ‘OL 896 ‘ZOT ‘Z| 699 ‘eaz 095 ‘099 099 GI | 8F0'9 | OcE F9C T | ep ‘9cE |-*=77>> "| 848 ‘OP | LT0‘G |-----------*- -oger
OST ‘8¢4 ‘T 099 ‘21 06h ‘GPL‘T | $920 ‘061 089 ‘09¢ 088 OL | 0S0'F | 066 STO LT | 6E¢‘TOL |-72----- 0GP 09 | #6SS LZ |. -7>>" eee GLO
Ge ‘f84 ‘T €60 ‘8T 966 ‘991 ‘T 616 ‘E81 968 ‘162 0806 | TE9 ‘OL | 086 ‘962 'L | 869 ‘92r | OLL 06998 | 69'S |-- Seam ISK
GT8 ‘199 ‘1 GEQ ‘8 OOT ‘689 ‘T 916 ‘E9T 029 ‘FOF CLh P | GhL‘8L | Sse ‘pet ‘T |¥seo‘elt | PPI Ger ss | feng ‘s
189 ‘166 £68 “P #61 766 998 ‘FOL | $00 ‘602 €0'S | 29h | OF9 ‘60L 9G (eee secee 0SL 6h | C16 'P
GGL CPST L066 Gilg ORS ie | Mingle) Seen eee ooo safe = = ocRs #9 oe (rere geen ING Ce eal G ppc hic eg | oe
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[217] HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
MACKEREL EXPORTS OF BRITISH PROVINCES.
STATEMENT XV.—Showing the quantity and value of pickled mackerel exported to the United
States from the Dominion of Canada, 1873 to 1879, also from Prince Edward Island, 1857
to 1873, and from Newfoundland, 1853 to 1876.
: : New Prince Edward | Newfound- n
Quebec. Nova Scotia. Brunswick. Island. land. Total.
Year. : ;
o oO re Oo oo oO oO
|| Ag & = & AE, 2 = a & Z fe
2 GS ) 3 =) eS 2 Cs 2 Es fe) GS
—Q > Q & ia) a faa) e faa) & -Q &
"17, 420.
$502, 226 | 1,276 $10, 232 $538, 838
58, 385 | 516,120 | 2,561 | 25, 123 58 BO ttcaecllwsdecs 67, 693 | 615, 506
35, 568 | 242578 | 3.375 | 28,978 | 31, 466 | 251,232 |.....|....... 70, 555 | 523, 648
49,407 | 410,511 | 7,122 | 56,274 | 13,276 | 108,332 |.....|......- 69, 841 | 575, 323
27,285 | 215,119 | 5,049 | 45,961 | 10,867 | 97,359 |.....|..-... | 43, 204 | 358, 460
61, 812 | 473, 018 | 7,437 | 78,890 | 31,702 | 279,402 |.....|..-.... 101, 022 | 881, 744
65, 949 | 402, 574 | 9,952 | 81,596 | 18,526 | 145,038 |.....|......- 94, 655 | 630, 602
VIIL—MATERIALS FOR A CHRONOLOGICAL HIS-
TORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY OF NORTH
AMERICA.
M.—EXTRACTS FROM RECORDS AND REMINISCENSES OF FISHERMEN.
50.—SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. -
The mackerel fishery has been of great importance to the United
States boti from a commercial standpoint and as a motive for the forma-
tion of treaties with the Government of Great Britain and the establish-
ment of rates of tariff intended to regulate the importation of mackerel
from the British provinces. Its history from year to year has been so
varied, the conditions under which it was prosecuted in successive years
so changeable, that it seems worth while to present here a series of notes
chronologically arranged which have been gathered from various sources
and which illustrate the changes in method and in result which have
been recorded by observers from 1620 to the present time.
1629 To 1635.—ABUNDANCE OF MACKEREL ON THE COAST OF NEW
ENGLAND IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.
Francis Higginson, in his “Journal of His Voyage to New England,”
1629, speaks of seeing ‘‘many schools of mackerel, infinite multitudes,
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [218]
on every side of our ship” off Cape Ann, June26. [Young’s Chronicles,
232.) Richard Mather, in his “ Journal,” 1635, speaks of the seamen
taking abundance of mackerel off Menhiggin (p. 470).
1671.—EARLY FISHING ON GAPE COD.
In 1671 the code of laws for the government of the colony was revised
and ordered to be printed under the title of ‘“‘The Book of the General
Laws of the Inhabitants of the Jurisdiction of New Plymouth.” Under
these laws, or “General Fundamentals,” as they were called, provisions
were made, as, has been suggested, ‘‘for the better improving of fishing
for mackerel, &e., at the Cape.” Penalties were imposed for taking
them at other than specified times, licenses were to be granted, &e., We.
It was now ‘ordered that the charges of the free schools, £33 per an-
num, shall be defrayed by the treasurer out of the profits arising from
the fishing at the Cape until such time as the minds of the freemen be
known concerning it.”
At this time, also, ‘‘certain persons belonging in Hull petitioned the
government for perniission to fish at Cape Cod for mackerel, they hav-
ing discovered a new method of fishing with nets by moonlight.”—
(Freeman’s Hist. of Cape Cod, Boston, 1862, vol. i, p. 266.)
1677.—RENTAL OF THE CAPE COD FISHERY.
In July, 1677, the records of the Plymouth colony show that the Cape
Cod fishery was let for 7 years, at thirty pounds per annum, to seine
mackerel and bass, to certain individuals who are named. They were
restricted to take in the Plymouth colonists with them, and if none
otter, to admit strangers.
The profits of the hire which accrued to the colony were sometimes
distributed to the schools.—(Massachusetts Historical Collections, iii,
; 220.
. ! 51.—NINETEENTH CENTURY.
1802.—MACKEREL FISHING IN CAPE COD BAY.
The following paragraph is taken from the Gloucester Historical Col.
lections, vol. viii, 1802, p. 199:
‘¢ PROVINCETOWN, 1802.
“The first mackerel which are taken to Boston market in the spring
are taken in the harbor and yield a handsome profit, though the Boston
marketmen purchase them at about 4 of what they are sold for. 300
barrels are every year pickled and sent to Boston. The mackerel, bass,
and herring are caught with seines, of which there are about 50 in the
town, and which cost $100 each. Another seine, worth six dollars, is
made use of for catching mackerel in the spring, and herring for bait.”
1804-1832.—PRICE OF MACKEREL IN BOSTON MARKET.
The average price of fresh mackerel in Boston market from 1804 to
1822 was six to eight cents apiece, sometimes ten; they were always
sold by counts.—(Captain Merchant.)
|
[219] HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
1804.—SHORE MACKEREL FLEET OF CAPE ANN.
“From 1804 to 1822,” remarks Capt. E. W. Merchant, of Glouces-
ter, “Cape Ann had a considerable fleet of vessels engaged in the shore
mackerel fishery for the sole purpose of supplying the Boston market;
seven oreight from Gloucester Harbor, seven or eight from the north
side of the Cape.” They preserved their fish in a peculiar way, which
will be described under the proper heading.
It is stated that the first shore mackerel fishing was prosecuted by
the small boats, about the year 1800. The mackerel were caught mostly
on the Inner Bank, and carried fresh to Boston market through the
summer. Only the largest were saved, and these were sold for 5 or 6
cents apiece, and sometimes as high as 10 cents. Hach boat was bal-
lasted with pebbles; on this were placed hogshead tubs, each having a
hole with a plug in it. These tubs were filled with salt water, and as
soon as the mackerel were dressed they were put into the tubs, and the
water changed every hour by drawing the plugs and allowing it to run
off, until sufficient were caught to start for market, the changing of the
water continuing until the boat arrived above the Castle, where it is
said the water loses its coolness. The great object after catching the
mackerel was to get them to market before daylight, in order to have
the cool of the morning to sell them im. If a boat with three men and
two boys stocked fifty dollars a week, it was considered satisfactory.
1804.—THE INTRODUCTION OF HAND-LINING FOR MACKEREL FROM
THE DECKS OF VESSELS.
According to Capt. E. W. Merchant, the first man to introduce this
mode of fishing was John Story, of Rockport, about the year 1804.
1818-1821.—The first voyages made for the purpose of salting mack-
erel was in the summer of 1818, by Capt. Simeon Burnham, in the
schooner “ President,” on a trip to Cashe’s; consequently to Captain
Burnham belongs the honor of being the pioneer in this branch of the
fisheries. It was considered quite an important event at the time, so
much so that Capt. Benjamin Tarr was hired to go as navigator. Sev-
enty barrels were caught on this trip, and they were packed in Boston.
Two years after, this branch began to increase, and in 1821 several other
jiggers * were added to the fleet. They carried six hands, and were ab-
sent about a week. The jiggers were stowed with butts and wash-
barrels, and no mackerel were headed up on board until about 1820.
In 1821, Samuel Wonson, Elisha M. Oakes, Robert Marston, Simeon
Burnham, Samuel Brown, Nathaniel Blatchford, John Wonson, George
*The name ‘‘jigger” was first applied to the vessels engaged in jigging mcakerel.
As these vessels were all, or nearly all, pinkeys previous to 1830, the name in later
years came to have a more special reference to the style of craftthan to the particular
branch of fishery in which she was engaged. Thus the term ‘‘jigger” came to be
synonymous with ‘‘pinkey,” and was often used in that sense by the fishermen.
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [220]
Wonson, James Merchant, Epes Merchant, were the skippers of the
jiggers which comprised the chief part of the mackerel fleet. These
jiggers ranged in tonnage from twenty seven to forty-five tons. Prior
to 1818 there were but few mackerel packed in Gloucester, that part of
the business being mostly done in Boston. Moses Gilbert was the only
inspector in town until 1828, and his accommodations were quite limited.
At this date several other inspectors were appointed, and the mackerel
fishery began to assume quite a business importance.—(Fisherman’s
Memorial and-Record Book.)
1815.—_THE HINGHAM MACKEREL FISHERY.
In 1815 there were packed in Hingham 5,615 barrels mackerel, and
in 1828, 32,313 barrels. There were 54-vessels employed, some for the
season and some for a shorter time. There were 15 employed for the
whole season, averaging 1.027 barrels each. The average number of
hands were 8 to each vessel, making 432 in the whole. The quantity of
salt used in striking and packing, allowing 18 hogsheads to 100 barrels,
would be about 6,000 hogsheads. a
There is a company formed in this town who carry on this fishing to
some extent, besides several vessels fitted out by individuals. We un-
derstand there is a mackerel company in Wellfleet, in this county,
extensively engaged in this fishery. We would like to hear with what
success.—(Barnstable Journal, July 16, 1829.)
1815.—INVENTION OF THE MACKEREL JIG.
The mackerel jig is said to have been invented about the year 1815
by Abraham Lurvey, of Pigeon Cove, Cape Ann; according to other
authority, by one Thurlow, of Newburyport.
1817.— BEGINNING OF THE SOUTHERN MACKEREL FISHERY.
Capt. John Parsons, of Rockport, Mass., went South after mackerel
in the schooner Defiance; went as far south as Cape May, and took 60
barrels of fish, all of which were caught by drailing.
1821.—_ THE LARGE VESSELS OF THE GLOUCESTER FLEET.
About 1821 the fleet began to enlarge. The “ Volante,” of 37 tons, a
pinkie built by Mr. Epes W. Merchant, was considered a very ‘large
vessel; then came the Independence, and afterwards the Columbus, a
square-sterned vessel of 43 or 44 tons, built by George Friend, which
was considered a very large vessel. These vessels went after mackerel
to salt. Previous to that the entire Gloucester fleet had ’tended the
fresh-fish market. Plymouth, Scituate, and Cohasset began salting
mackerel in advance of Gloucester.—(Statement of Capt. EH. W. Mer-
chant.)
[221] HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
1818-1836.—MACKEREL FISHERY OF HINGHAM.
Mackerel Fishery.—We believe the extent to which this fishery is car-
ried on from the towns of Massachusetts is not generally known. For
ourselves we were not aware of it and of the importance of encouraging
this branch of industry, which not only furnishes the means of employ-
ment to a large number of persons, but is of great consequence to the
commercial interests of the country in affording a good nursery for sea-
men. We have seen a pamphlet recently printed containing ‘‘A state-
ment of the quantity of mackerel packed from Hingham vessels from
1818 to 1828 inelusive.” It appears from this statement that there has
been in that town a gradual increase during the above period of ten per
cent. a year. In 1815 the number of barrels packed in that town was
3,615; in 1828, 33,313. During the last year 54 different vessels were
employed from that place in the business, some for the season and some
for a shorter period. There were 15 employed the whole season, aver-
aging 1,027 barrels each, the highest vessel having packed 1,725}. The
average number of persons was 8 to each vessel, making 432 in the
whole, to which if the number employed in coopering, packing, &c., be
added, would exceed 500. The quantity of salt used in salting and
packing, allowing 18 hogsheads to 100 barrels, would be nearly 6,000
hogsheads.
The number of barrels packed in that town during the above period
of years, 225,3314. The salt consumed for the same, 45,559 hogsheads.
We have been informed that this fishing is carried on at Scituate, in
this county, about as largely as in Hingham, and several vessels from
other towns in this vicinity on the bay.
A bill is now before the legislature of this State which provides for
the repeal of the law requiring a reinspection of mackerel packed in
other States when brought into this market.—(Gloucester Telegraph,
July 18, 1829.)
1821.—Mackerel-fishing with the hook commenced in the province of
Nova Scotia, and was prosecuted with great success in some of the har-
bors of the Bay of Fundy.—(Journal and Proceedings of the House of
Assembly of the Province of Nova Scotia, 1857, Appendix 79.)
1822._ FIRST MACKEREL VOYAGES FROM CAPE ANN TO GEORGE’S
BANKS.
In the year 1822, Capt. William Marshall caught a few mackerel on
George’s, which were the first, so far as we can ascertain, ever caught
there by a Cape Ann skipper.. Mackerel have been caught there every
year since, more or less, and rank in quality among the best.—(Fisher-
man’s Memorial and Record Book.)
1823.—INTRODUCTION OF THE MACKEREL GAFF.
The mackerel gaff was introduced about 1823.—(Fisherman’s Me-
morial and Record Book.)
~
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [222]
1823.—INTRODUCTION OF BAIT-MILLS.
Bait-mills were first generally used by the Massachusetts mackerel
fishermen about 1823. Previous to that time toll-bait had been cut
with hatchets. ;
1825.—MACKERELING IN THE GULF OF MAINE.
In 1825, Captain Merchant went mackereling in the “ Hornet,” a
schooner of 52 tons. The season began May 15, the vessel having been
previously engaged in cod-fishing. During the season the crew of 7
men and a boy landed and packed 1,304 barrels. They caught 700
barrels in Massachusetts Bay in seven weeks’ time, and packed them in
Boston. The season continued until the 24th of November, and by that
time the crew were entirely worn out by their continued labor. sea-packed barrels. Our fishing ground was from Barnegat to
Block Island, though we caught but few mackerel south or west of Fire
Island. At this time all of the vessels belonging to Northern New
Hugland ports salted their spring catch of mackerel, and generally
packed them north of Cape Cod. A considerable number of sloop
swacks, belonging at Noank and New London, Conn., engaged in the
spring mackerel fishery to supply the New Souk iene taking the fish
in alive in their wells. Their crews fished with poles, as anglers do for
trout, being thus enabled to drop the mackerel into the well without
touching them, even from the extremities of this vessel. In June we
went to the Bay of Saint Lawrence, where we caught about 150 barrels,
being absent from home nearly seven weeks. The mackerel were of
large size that year in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, but not very abun-
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [254]
dant. Off the New England coast they were very plentiful and in fine
condition, though of medium size, scarcely any, or none, being large
enough to pack for No. Vs. After returning from the Gulf we fished off
the New England coast from Mount Desert Rock to Cape Cod, though
we did the best off and around Monhegan Island during the month of
August and early in September. At that time a large fleet was fishing
off the Maine coast.
1852.—MACKEREL FISHERY OF NEW BRUNSWICK IN 1892.
Perley, in his Report on the Fisheries of New Brunswick for 1852,
says: ‘It must be considered settled that the mackerel fishery as a
branch of business cannot be said to exist in New Brunswick, although
the eastern shores of the province and the whole Bay of Chaleur offer
the greatest facilities and most abundant supply of fish.
‘“Ttis highly desirable that something should be done to encourage and
promote this fishery, which evidently offers such ample reward to the
energy, enterprise, and industry of the people.”—(Page 16.)
1853.—THE ARMAMENT IN PROVINCIAL WATERS FOR BREAKING UP
THE AMERICAN MACKEREL FISHERY.
The St. John New Brunswicker, of the 31st ultimo, announces the ar-
rival at St. John of H. M. ketch “‘ Netley,” which is to be stationed in the
Bay of Fundy for the protection of the fisheries this season. H. M.
screw steamship ‘ Plumper,” fitting out in England, is also expected to
be stationed in the bay. HH. M. steamers “ Basilisk,” “Vixen,” and “ Dey-
astation” are to be stationed at Newfoundland and in the Gulf; and four
brigantines or schooners are to be immediately fitted out at Halifax for
the Gulf, each under the command of a lieutenant in the navy, with
twenty-five picked men in each from the flag-ship “*Cumberland.” These
vessels, says the Brunswicker, with other arrangements for an efficient
boat service at several of the most favorable resorts in the Gulf for
American mackerel fishers, will doubtless prove the means of preventing
encroachments this season, and tend greatly to break up the American
mackerel fishery in the Saint Lawrence.—(Gloucester Telegraph, June
4, 1853.)
1853.—MACKEREL IN WESTERN NOVA SCOTIA.
The Yarmouth Herald says: ‘““We are glad to hear that mackerel
have been abundant at the Tusket Islands during the past week. In
two days two seines secured over 600 barrels. Within the last few
days a considerable quantity of small mackerel and fat herring have
been caught in this harbor.”—(Gloucester Telegraph, July 16, 1853.)
1853.—FIRST ARRIVAL FROM THE BAY—REPORTED SCARCITY OF
MACKEREL.
The “Leonard McKenzie” arrived at this port on Sunday from the Bay
of Saint Lawrence; reports mackerel as not being very plenty, and
the vessels were not doing much.—(Gloucester Telegraph, July 20, 1853.)
[255] HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
1853.—MACKEREL IN GLOUCESTER HARBOR.
A large school of mackerel has been in our harbor this week, which
has given our shore fishermen a good benefit, and many of them have
improved it. The fish are larger than those here a week or ten days
previous.—(Gloucester Telegraph, July 30, 1853.)
1853.—SUCCHESSFUL PURSH-SEINING ON NEW ENGLAND SHORE.
The Newburyport Union states that the schooner ‘‘ Ada” Jarrived] at
that port on Wednesday with 320 barrels of mackerel. This is her second
trip in our bay, in both of which she has taken 560 barrels; most of
them have been caught with a seine. What other mackerel vessel has
done as wellas that this year ?—(Gloucester Telegraph, August 3, 1853.)
The Newburyport Union states that the schooner‘‘Ada” has completed
her third trip in eleven days, with 300 barrels, making a total of 850
barrels in less than two months. We do not recollect that any vessel
from this place has ever done so well before; and at the present prices
of mackerel she will pay a handsome profits to her owners.—(Gloucester
Telegraph, August 13, 1853.)
1853.— ARRIVALS AND REPORTS FROM THE RAY.
There were several arrivals yesterday from the Bay of Saint Lawrence.
* * * In some parts of the bay mackerel were plenty, in others
they were scarce.—(Gloucester Telegraph, August 17, 1853.
1853.—SUCCESS OF THE SWAMPSCOTT MACKEREL SEINERS.
The schooner “ Romp” and the schooner “ Vanguard” of Swampscott
arrived home last week, having been engaged in mackerel fishing oft
Boone Island a few days past with remarkable success. One of the
boats took at one haul of the seine ninety-four wash-barrels of mackerel.
In one day she took 155 barrels.—Lynn Bay State.—(Gloucester Tele-
graph, August 31, 1853.)
1853.—RECEIPTS AND PRICES.
Mackerel remain without change. The arrivals continue moderate
for the seasen. Sales of large for $15.00, $11.50, and $8.124, and shore
at $11.75, $9.72, and $7.50 per barrel.—(ZD.)
1853.—EXTREME HIGH PRICES CONSEQUENT UPON THE SCARCITY OF
MACKEREL.
The scarcity of this article (mackerel), and the poor prospect, both
in the bay and off our coast, has caused the prices to reach a higher point
this season than ever before known.
1861.—THE SHORE FLEET.—ITS SUCCESS.—REPORTED SCARCITY OF
MACKEREL IN THE BAY.
Three hundred sail of fishermen in the harbor last Saturday ; the fleet
have done well of late, and report mackerel of good quality and quite
plenty. Advices from the bay report mackerel scarce.—(Cape Ann
Advertiser, October 11, 1861.)
The shore fleet did well last Saturday; some of the vessels got 90
wash-barrels. Quite a number got 30 to 50 wash-barrels of large, fat
mackerel. Some 20 sail from the bay have arrived during the week,
and report hard luck. The mackerel season, take it all in all, has not
proved very profitable this year.—(Cape Ann Advertiser, October 25,
1861.)
1861.—CLOSE OF THE MACKEREL SEASON.—ADVANCE IN PRICES.
The mackerel fishing business is closed for the season; vessels are
hauling up. The catch this season has been 25 per cent. below that of
last year, and prices have ruled very low. Within a few weeks prices
have advanced.
No. 1 mackerel, which were worth only $7 per barrel October 25, at
this date sold for $13. No. 2’s, now selling for $9, brought only $5 in
October.—(Cape Ann Advertiser, November 23, 1861.)
1861.—REMINISCENCES OF CAPT. J. W. COLLINS.
In the summer of 1861 medium-sized mackerel were very abundant
off the New England coast, and some of the hookers obtained a catch
of about 1,000 barrels or more, though the price was so extremely low,
owing to the distracted condition of the country at the beginning of the
war, that the fishermen obtained but little remuneration for their labor.
Large mackerel were exceedingly rare, however, and as a consequence of
much greater value than the smaller ones. In the Gulf of Saint Law-
rence, also, mackerel were fairly plentiful, and there being a greater
percentage of large fish, some of the vessels did; much better, finan-
cially, than those which fished off our own shore. This was especially
the case with those which remained late in the bay, or made their home
passages in a leisurely manner, since, during November, the prices ad-
vanced very rapidly, so much so, indeed, that mackerel nearly doubled
in value in the short space of two or three weeks. On the 16th day of
August I left Rockport, for the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, in the schooner
“Sarah B. Harris.” At first we fished about the Magdalen Islands
i]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [280]
and the north side of Prince Edward Island, and around its eastern
point. Later in the fall we obtained some very good catches of mack-
erel off Cape Saint George, where there was a large fleet collected.
Other vessels, however, about the same time, took a considerable quan-
tity of mackerel about Margaree Island and Cheticamp. We left Port
Hood for home on the 1st day of November and met with very boister-
ous weather, causing us to lay in harbor on the Nova Scotia shore for
some days. Our passage was also further retarded by strong head-
winds, while at sea, so that we did not arrive home until the 19th day
of November. In the mean time, while we had. been making our pas-
sage, mackerel had risen from $7.50 to $12 per barrel, and by the time
we were ready to sell we were able to get $13.50 for our best fish. My
own share amounted to $100, which was a sum rarely obtained from one
trip by any fisherman in 1861.
1862.— UNCERTAINTY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY COMPARED WITH
THAT FOR COD.
Some of the Georgians make shares of $30 to $50 per man.
The mackerel fishery is quite uncertain, and if the fishermen make a
poor season’s work at mackerel, then George’s Bank is made to dis-
count, and from this source they draw the cash, in the shape of codfish
and halibut.
George’s Bank furnishes them with the ready cash, promptly paid,
and dollars would be scarce indeed among them, were it not for this
source of revenue.—(Cape Ann Advertiser, March 7, 1862.)
1862.—_SOUTHERN MACKEREL FISHERY.—FITTING AWAY OF THE
FLEET.
Quite a number of vessels are now being fitted out to prosecute the
early mackerel fishery in southern waters. This branch of the fisheries
has been prosecuted for several years past with but indifferent success,
the vessels not making enough to pay for their outfit The vessels en-
gaged in this business do not follow the George’s fishing, but spend a
month or six weeks in Southern waters, prior to going to the bay, in
order to help make out a good season’s work. The mackerel are gen-
erally small and poor, and the prices realized are not very lucrative—
(Cape Ann Advertiser, April 25, 1862.)
1862.—VESSELS ANS MEN ENGAGED IN THE GLOUCESTER MACKEREL
FISHERIES.
About 350 sail of vessels engaged in the fishery, from this port, aver-
aging twenty men to a vessel, making an aggregate of more than 4,000
men that are required to man the fleet.—(Cape Ann Advertiser, May
8, 1862.)
[281] HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
1862.—FLEET FITTING FOR THE BAY.—SUCCESS OF THE SOUTHERN
MACKEREL FISHERY.—LARGE FLEET IN GLOUCESTER.
Quite a large fleet of vessels will be ready to start for the bay imme-
diately after the 4th.
The southern mackerel fleet have mostly returned from their first
trips with average fares, and many have gone on a second trip, as
mackerel are plenty.
Shore mackereling will be prosecuted quite extensively this season.
Large fleet of mackerelmen were in port on Wednesday, mostly south-
shore vessels fishing on the shore. It is unusual to see a fleet of mack-
erel catchers in our harbor at this time of year.—(Cape Ann Advertiser,
June 27, 1862.)
1862.—THE EARLY BAY FLEET.
Quite a number of vessels are fitting for an early trip to the bay;
will be ready to start June 1; no arrivals yet from the southern mack-
erel fleet.—(Cape Ann Advertiser, May 23, 1862.)
1862.—_THE MACKEREL FISHERY IN THE GULF OF SAINT LAWRENCE.—
FAVORABLE REPORTS.
Advices from the bay report vessels doing well. July1“ Bridget Ann”
had 150 barrels; “Cyrena Ann,” 175; ‘“‘ Wide Awake,” 130; ‘ Electric
Flash,” 120; “Ocean Gem,” 60. Weather unfavorable the past fortnight,
and the mackerel taken thus far were rather poor.—(Cape Ann Adver-
tiser, July 25, 1862.)
1862.—FIRST ARRIVAL FROM THE BAY.
One fare of 200 barrels of mackerel has arrived from the bay. Sold
at $42 and $3% per barrel for large and medium 3’s. The shore ficet
have not done much of late.—(Cape Ann Advertiser, July 18, 1862.)
1862.—GOOD FARES FROM THE BAY.—PRICES AND QUALITY OF MACK-
EREL BETTER THAN IN 1861.
There has been quite a number of arrivals from the bay during the
past fortnight, bringing in good fares. The quality of mackerel is said
to be vastly superior to those of last season, andthe prices are higher
than last year.—(Cape Aun Advertiser, September 12, 1862.)
1862. MACKEREL ABUNDANT IN IPSWICH BAY AND AT CAPE COoD.—
TEN ARRIVALS FROM THE BAY.
Shore mackereling good the past week. Ipswich Bay has been swarm-
ing with mackerel, and the mild, pleasant weather has been very favor-
able. A large school of mackerel have made their appearance at Cape
Cod. Previous to the present month the catch has been small. Bay
wt
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [282]
trips arrive slowly, as most of the fleet will remain late in order to fill
up with fat mackerel.—(Cape Ann Advertiser, October 10, 1862.)
Mackerel were quite plenty in the bay on Wednesday, and the shore
fleet did a good day’s work, some of them catching as high as 70 wash-
barrels. The mackerel are quite large, and the best of them sell readily
at $11 per barrel.—(Cape Ann Advertiser, October 17.)
The Newburyport Herald says: ‘The mackerel have been swarming
in our bay for the last ten days; 200 vessels and any number of small
boats were fishing. Vessels take from 5to 40 barrels apiece. On Tues.
day the fleet numbered 4,000 vessels, and the fish were so plenty that
the ‘Live Yankee,’ with only 4 hands, brought in 10 barrels.”—(Barn-
stable Patriot, October 14, 1862.)
1862.—A BIG CATCH BY A HOOKER.
Schooner “ Nor’ Wester” arrived from the Bay of Saint Lawarence yes-
terday. The day before leaving she took 123 wash-barrels of mackerel,
the value of which is $1,000.—(Cape Ann Advertiser, July 14, 1862.)
1862.—REMINISCENCES OF CAPT. J. W. COLLINS.
In the season of 1862 mackerel were quite plentiful in the Gulf of
Saint Lawrence, where the larger part of the fleet were engaged in this
fishery. Off our own coast there was a school of mixed mackerel—much
the greater portion being undersized—while among them were some
very large fish. After making two trips’ cod fishing to George’s | took
charge of the schooner ‘‘ Hattie Lewis” and sailed for the Gulf of Saint
Lawrence on a mackerel trip early in June. We fished principally on
Bank Bradley, about the North Cape of Prince Edward Island, off
Point Miscou and in the vicinity of Point Escuminac, taking a part of
our fare, however, in the latter locality. On our first trip we caught
208 sea-packed barrels, which were nearly all No. 3’s, and started for
home early in July. After landing our fish we went back on a second
trip to the Gulf; obtained a fare of 200 barrels and left the bay early
in October. In the latter part of the fall we fished off Cape Ann and
around Cape Cod. On one occasion we found mackerel quite plenty
off Chatham and got 50 wash-barrels in one day ; though the majority
of these were undersized fish there were a few among them remark-
ably large; some specimens which I weighed, after they had been
salted for a number of weeks, turned the scales at 24 pounds. The
following day we could find no fish in the same locality but struck
mackerel in the afternoon about 25 miles in a southerly and easterly
direction from Chatham, nearly down off the fishing-rip. These fish,
which were moving quite rapidly in a southerly direction, were quite
different from those caught the day before, since we did not find any
large sized ones among them. On the third day the mackerel were
gone, and although we ran to the southward 15 or 20 miles farther we
[283] HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
did not succeed in finding them. I have never, at any other time, with
the experience of twenty-two years in the mackerel fishery, caught
mackerel so far south in the fall as we did on this occasion. The exact
date of this last catch I do not now remember, and can only say that it
was some time about the middle of November.
1863.—FIRST MACKEREL IN MASSACHUSETTS BAY.
The first mackerel were taken in the vicinity of Gloucester May 26.
X
1863.—SOUTHERN ‘MACKEREL FISHERY.
There will be but few vessels engaged in this branch of the fishery
the present season, owing to the low price of poor mackerel and the
great expense which attends fitting out vessels for this business. Salt .
which sold last year for $2 is now worth $4 per hogshead. Barrels have
also advanced considerably; in fact, everything in shape of outfits for
mackerel trips has nearly doubled in price. There is but one vessel
fitting away at the present time, and we are informed that not more
than six vessels at most will prosecute the business this season.—(Barn-
stable Patriot, June 9, 1863.) In May, 1863, the southern mackerel fleet
was reported as doing a good business. The first vessels came into
Gloucester June 1; average, 100 barrels each, which sold for $9 and $6.
1863.—NEWBURYPORT MACKEREL FISHERY.
The mackerel fleet have all arrived with good fares, which have all
commanded good prices. We have had fewer vessels in the bay this
season than for several years before; we think only eleven. The busi-
ness had been too poor, the wages and outfits were too high, and there
was at one time great danger from Confederate pirates, but the busi-
ness has been very prosperous to those engaged. Other places have also
fewer vessels this season; the aggregate catch, therefore, notwithstand-
ing the success that has attended them, will be small, and consequently
the market is very active. The number of barrels packed here will not
be far trom 6,000. As we are constantly having new markets open for
our fisheries, the prices will be likely to advance even upon the present
high rates. The last sales were $28 for mess, $12.25 for 1’s, $10.25 for
2's, $8 for large 3’s, and $5.56 for small 3’s. Captain Brown, of the ‘Sea
Spray,” considering the time engaged, made the best trip, stocking
$6,200.—(Barnstable Patriot, November 17, 1863.)
1863.—DEARTH OF EXPERIENCED MACKEREL FISHERMEN.
In 1863 there was a decided dearth of experienced fishermen at Glou-
cester and other New England ports on account of the numerous enlist-
ments in the Army. The three hundred vessels fitted out that year for
the mackerel fishery in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence were obliged to fill
up a large portion of their quota of 4,000 men from green hands.
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [284]
1863.—REMINISCENCES OF CAPT. J. W. COLLINS.
In the summer of 1863 mackerel were abundant in the gulf of Saint
Lawrence and comparatively scarce on the New England coast. In July
I started from Gloucester in the schooner “ Sea- Witch” on a mackerel trip
to the Gulf. We fished about Bank Bradley, North Cape of Prince Hd-
ward Island, and the Magdalens, securing a full fare of 250 barrels in
four weeks. The last catch of the trip was made off to the eastward of
Entry Island, Magdalens; we got more than 60 wash-barrels; not only
enough to fill all the barrels we had on board, but also our yawl-boat
and every other receptacle we could find which would hold the fish.
Returning again to the Gulf on our second trip, we found good fishing
off the Magdalens for a few days, when, the mackerel slacking off, we
ran down to Sydney, on the east side of Cape Breton Island, where the
year previous some of the mackerel catchers had obtained good fares.
There we also met with good success, as did the fleet of some 60 or 70
vessels which were fishing in that locality. Again we obtained a full
fare of 275 barrels in about four weeks’ fishing. After returning home
and packing out our mackerel we spent the remainder of the fall, some
four or five weeks, in fishing off Cape Ann and Cape Cod, but mackerel
being scarce we succeeded in taking only about 30 barrels. The fleet
off our own coast engaged in the mackerel fishery that fall compared
with that in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence was small and unimportant.
1864. HARWICHPORT MACKEREL FISHERY.
Our mackerel catchers are beginning to report themselves. The fol-
lowing schooners have arrived at Harwich Port: The “ Diadem,” Rob-
bins, with 90 barrels; “D. Ellis,” Baker, 110 barrels; ‘ Prince Laboo,”
Nickerson, 175 barrels; “EK. 8. Hammond,” Cahoon, 150 barrels; “S.
Smith,” Taylor, 110 barrels; the “Electric Spark,” Godfrey, 125 barrels.
Others are expected soon, besides several George’s fishermen, which are
reported to have good fares.—(Barnstable Patriot, June 13, 1864.)
1864.—MACKEREL FISHERY.
OUR BAY FLEET.—A bout twenty-five of our bay fleet have arrived
since our last issue, bringing full fares, and several fares have been sent
honte by vessels remaining in Bay Saint Lawrence. The prospects seem
good for a fair season’s catch. The market is active, mackerel being in
demand at prices much in advance of those of any year within the
memory of the oldest inhabitant. The expense attending the prosecu-
tion of this business is larger by one-half than in ordinary times, all
kinds of -vessel’s gear and supplies of every description being held at
enormous rates, and unless good prices for fish are sustained there will
be but a small margin for profit. But with present prices and good luck
in the way of a catch, we may set the season as a good one.—(Barnsta-
- ble Patriot, September 13, 1864.)
[285] HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
1864.—MACKEREL FISHERY IN THE GULF OF MAINE.
Mackerel appeared on the coast in great abundance during the early «
part of the autumn. The crew of the little fishing schooner “‘ Minnehaha,”
of Swampscott, on the 18th of September, off Boone Island, caught 350
barrels, and the crew of the ‘“‘ Flying Dart,” of the same place, at another
point, took 130 barrels in some four hours.—(History of Lynn, Lewis
& Newhall, p. 478.)
1864.—GULF OF SAINT LAWRENCE MACKEREL FISHERY.
FROM THE BAY.—Quite a number of baymen have arrived the present
week, and a large portion of the fleet are on their way home. They
report mackerel very scarce for the present month and but little doing.
In view of these facts the market has been a little more active for the
past week, and quite a number of transactions have been effected at $12
-and $15. Shore has also advanced in price, and the prospect now is
that still better prices will be obtained the coming month. Mackerel
are a staple, and there will doubtless be quite an active demand for them
during the fall and winter months. Our fishing firms acted very wisely
in not sacrificing their mackerel at panic prices, as we believe they will
yet obtain a fair equivalent for them and be enabled to make a very
good season’s work.—(Cape Ann Advertiser, October, 1864.)
1864.—REMINISCENCES OF CAPT. J. W. COLLINS.
Mackerel have rarely or never been more abundant in the Gulf of
Saint Lawrence than they were in 1864, while on the New England coast
but little was done in this fishery. I sailed for the bay for mackerel in
the schooner ‘‘Sea- Witch” early in July, passing through Canso about
the 10th of the montb. We fished over the same ground that we did on
the first trip the previous year, obtaining a full fare of about 275 bar-
rels short of four weeks. We were absent from home five weeks and
three days. My own share, exclusive of captain’s commission, was $175.
We returned again to the bay, having secured another fare about the
last of September, and learning that the prospect on our own coast was
poor, we went to the Strait of Canso, where we shipped 200 barrels of
our fish on board a freighter and sent them home, while we refitted and
returned again to the bay. During the last of September and early part
of October the weather was stormy and the mackerel did not appear to
take the hook so well as they had previously. A few of the vessels,
however, in the mean time, had found very good fishing off Cheticamp,
but that locality being so dangerous in the fall, when heavy gales are
liable to come on very suddenly, and losses had so frequently occurred
in previous years, that the fishermen, as a rule, did not care to take the
risk of venturing on that inhospitable shore. For about two weeks after
refitting in Canso we did poorly, getting only 60 barrels mackerel, but
immediately after we, together with 50 or 60 other vessels, struck a
/
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [286]
heavy body of mackerel at Margaree, on the north shore of Cape Bre-
ton Island. Our vessel was small, being 49 tons, new measurement,
*but with a crew of ten men we caught 100 wash-barrels the first day at
Margaree, while several of the larger schooners, carrying crews from
sixteen to nineteen men, secured catches ranging all the way from 100
to 150 wash-barrels. Strong winds and stormy weather prevented us
from fishing for a couple of days after this, but in the two or three fine
days which occurred during the week we succeeded in obtaini@g more
than enough mackerel to fill all the barrels we had on board. Our catch
for the season, from July to October 20, amounted to about 775 sea-
packed barrels. Some of the largest vessels of the fleet, which re-
mained in the bay the entire season, landing their fish and refitting at
Canso, were reported as catching 1,200 or 1,500 barrels. These vessels,
however, began their season’s work early in June. The great abun-
dance of mackerel brought down the prices very much in the fall, so that
No. 1 fish, which brought more than $20 per barrel at midsummer, were
sold for about $14 in November.
In the chapter on ‘Financial profits of the mackerel hook-fishery,”
printed above, may be found an account of several large stocks made
by vessels fishing in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence in 1864.
1865.—FIRST ARRIVALS FROM THE BAY OF SAINT LAWRENCE.
There have been five arrivals from the Bay of Saint Lawrence the pres-
ent week, all bringing good fares. The mackerel are mostly 3’s and
will meet with a ready sale, as the market is quite bare. The prospect
for a successful season’s catch is most encouraging.—(Cape Ann Adver-
tiser, July 21, 1865.) .
1865.—ABUNDANCE OF MACKEREL ON THE COAST OF MAINE.—BIG
CATCHES WITH A PURSE SEINE.
The Portland Argus of Wednesday says that mackerel. were never
more plenty than at present. A vessel went out last Thursday and
secured 110 barrels, returned to Portland, discharged, and was off again
on Saturday. On the latter day she secured 120 barrels. They were
caught by seining, and the top of the water is said to be literally cov-
ered with fish.—(Cape Ann Advertiser, July 21, 1865.)
1865.— ARRIVAL OF BAYMEN.—PRICES.—THE SHORE FLEET.
The baymen have arrived pretty freely the past week, with good
fares. The mackerel are mostly poor, and do not bring very remunera-
tive prices. Last season the first trips were sold at $13 and $11 for the
large and medium 3’s; this year they have been sold for $8.50 and $6.50.
Most of the vessels will return home to refit instead of landing their
mackerel at the bay, as was the case last year—a project which resulted
very unfavorably to those engaged in the business, as the expense of
[287] HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
freighting the mackerel home and the bad condition in which most of
them were in on their arrival here materially lessened the profits of
the voyage. Fat mackerel have not yet made their appearance in the
bay. The shore fleet are doing moderately well, and the mackerel are-
of much better quality than those brought from the bay.—(Cape Ann
Advertiser, August 4, 1865.) Twenty-four hundred and three barrels
of mackerel have arrived here from the bay this week, having been
freighted home. They have found a ready market.—(Cape Ann Adver-
tiser, September 29, 1865.)
The bay fleet have come home along quite freely the present week,
some hundred sail having arrived in port, and the balance are now on
their way home. Although the weather of late has been such that but
few mackerel have been caught, yet the fleet, on the whole, will make
very good trips, and the season wind up prosperously for those engaged
in the business. Mackerel are now selling at very fair prices (No. 1 at
$16.50, No. 2, $13.50), and the prospect is that they will advance rather
than decline. The shore fleet have not done much of late, but they may
have a streak of luck yet if the weather continues favorable.—(Cape
Ann Advertiser, November 3, 1865.)
The baymen have all arrived home, the last of the fleet arriving yes-
terday. Last year at this time there were 35 sail in the bay, the last
vessel arriving as late as the 12th of December.—(Cape Ann Adver-
tiser, November 17, 1865.)
1865.—ABUNDANCE OF MACKEREL IN IPSWICH BAY.
A large school of extra fat mackerel have made their appearance in
Ipswich Bay, and the fishermen are paying their respects to them in a
most complimentary manner. They are real “bloaters,” and fetch the
highest price. The weather is all that can be desired, and the fisher-
men will take every advantage which the season offers. The shore fleet
are doing better and the mackerel are working up this way.—(Cape Ann
Advertiser, October 6, 1865.)
1865.—REMINISCENCES OF CAPT. J. W. COLLINS.
The year of 1865 was another remarkable season in the mackerel
fishery of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, and in this respect it almost
rivaled the previous year. About the middle of June I sailed for the
bay in the schooner “ Mary Ellen,” hailing from Halifax, Nova Scotia,
but owned in the eastern part of the province. We caught three
fares of mackerel during the summer, making a total of above 900
barrels. The fish during the early part of the year were, as usual,
found most plentiful about the North Cape of Prince Edward Island,
along the west shore and on Bank Bradley. I recall one occasion, while
lying becalmed between North Cape and Point Escuminac, of seeing a
e
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISI AND FISHERIES. [288]
remarkable display of schooling mackerel. As far as the eye could ex-
tend from aloft, in every direction not bounded by the land, large
bodies of mackerel could be seen at the surface of the water like dark-
ened spots on a disk of silver. The previous year I had witnessed such
a display on the north side of the eastern point of Prince Hdward Island,
when, for at least a distance of 20 miles up and down the island, and,
perhaps, even farther, mackerel could be seen schooling in great bodies
at the surface of the water; their frequent rushing sounding like the
noise made by heavy showers striking on the water. For a greater
part of the month of August and until the middle of September, in 1865,
the weather was extremely rough in the bay, and the mackerel catchers
were, in consequence, prevented from fishing a considerab!e portion of
the time, the catch during this period being slight compared with other
portions of the season. During the fall an immense school of biting
mackerel were found on the north side of Prince Edward Island along
its entire extent, but more especially in the vicinity of Malpec, where
had gathered a fleet of perhaps 300 or 400 sail of vessels. Indeed, so
abundant were the mackerel off Malpec in October, and so eagerly did
they take the hook, that some of the schooners secured almost a full
fare in a few days’ fishing. The only trouble was to be able to catch
and cure the fish fast enough, and at the same time secure an oppor-
tunity of stowing them below. Nearly every vessel in the fleet could
be seen with their decks filled with barrels of fish, which werd stowed
in every available place. Great risks, too, were taken by the fishermen
in remaining on the fishing-grounds at night, since at that season a
heavy gale was liable to spring up at any time, and should they have
been caught on a lee shore in their lumbered-up condition there is no
doubt but what the result would have been extremely disastrous. As
it was, however, no losses were met with in thiscase. The last impor-
tant catches of the season were obtained between the eastern point of
Prince Edward Island and the Cape Breton shore, at which time the
fish were moving very rapidly to the southward. There can be no doubt
but that this school of mackerel could have been followed much farther
had the weather not obliged the fishermen to seek shelter.
In the paragraph on the financial profits of the hook-fishery is an ac-
count of the “ Kit Karson” bringing home to Gloucester 591 barrels of
mackerel on her first trip, which she made in about ten weeks. Her
net stock amounted to $6,542.
1866.—REPORTED ABUNDANCE OF MACKEREL ON THE NEW ENGLAND
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[423]
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[424]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
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HISTORY OF THE
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[426]
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
EDiT eae CLUT SS IDLO EA Tet ane ee S}JoSUTLOUSSUIA, PUL SUIV]Y JO FSBO) | ~99- 95s qou-T[TD) | ¢ Op ees PESTey “==> ouupe AinyT »
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veeevecrersesee=* QO PQTaL) y
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weceeneee
Soto) aon teers i anne ea LO OLN EIUn| ies
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PSDOSOOHOGSIBOCO SONOS Tee SPAS|
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [430]
XI. APPENDIX.—STATISTICS OF THE MACKEREL
FISHERY IN THE GULF OF SAINT LAWRENCE.
56. THE CATCH OF MACKEREL BY AMERICAN SCHOONERS IN CANA-
DIAN WATERS, 1873-1882.
The following statement, prepared by Colonel David W. Low, of Glou-
cester, Shows the extent of the mackerel fishery as pursued by Ameri-
can vessels in the Gulf of Sait Lawrence since the year 1873. The
number of vessels and their catch in the years 1873 to 1877, inclusive, is
compiled from the reports of the collector of customs at Port Mulgrave,
Nova Scotia; the number of vessels in 1878 and 1879 is from the same
authority; the catch for 1878 and subsequent years and the number of
vessels in 1880 and 1881 is from reports of the Boston Fish Bureau.
The estimates of value and the catch within the three mile limit are
from authentic sources. The value includes the labor of crews ‘‘mess-
ing” some of the fish by soaking, scraping, and cutting off their heads,
thus increasing their market value. The quantity of mackerel caught
within the three-mile limit, one-third of the total catch, is considered by
competent authorities to be a very liberalestimate. The unusual number
of vessels in the gulf in 1878 was caused by false reports and telegrams
of great quantities of mackerel there. American vessels in the gulf-
mackerel fishery must average four hundred barrels of mackerel each at
ten dollars per barrel to pay the expenses of outfit, insurance, deprecia-
tion of vessel, crew’s share, and master’s commission.
The mackerel fishery by American vessels in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence for the years from
1873 to 1881, inclusive.
[Compiled by Col. David W. Low.]
}
o]
g Se c A
a 3 5 ASH | Bo fe has gases.
o ay | ao 4 Ot-d Vor é
2B ° S me os E Hae SeS ER
2 ay z=| aa Sree) se Cc. aks
on eeece | Sel sremete ee re. 3
b=} =O) P = + SNe H+ (olga
~ ely — =n
me So Sele |e (Aer els | eee. | ese 2
ie a3 Se Pier z nota | on eas
Orn J+ i>) ins} ED a OO , AyicS: De 3
o.5 R 4a Eo) te @) Ss) 5 a28o08
2 | a5 o os = Grog | 2eoF8 BeUon
g 5 — a Sag |e hoa | gces | os 8s
=) = | 3 Giar- ob Ba soya SM oes
a te) N Ay > a va) >
254 | 88, 012 | 11,001 | 77, 011 | $10 46 | $805,535 | 25,670} $268,508
164 | 63,078 | 7,885 | 55, 193 6 25 | 344, 956 18, 398 114, 987
95 | 18,006 | 1,626 | 11,380 | 1418] 161,368 3, 793 53, 785
64 | 5,495 687 | 4,808 | 11 60 55, 773 1, 603 18, 594
60 | 8,365) 1,046) 7,319} 11 10 81, 241 2, 43 27, 072
QU3e Pesce sass eames 61, 923 415 | 256, 980 20, 641 85, 660
Aah) teins i|bee eleieier 10, 796 2 50 26, 990 3, 599 So
CY apace voce oners 7, 301 Ve 56, 364 2, 433 18, 783
BY llbeasaapalsocopass 470 8 50 3, 995 156 1, 826
Woleeecce saleiseae 275 8 50 2, 125 95 T17
ANGIEN SoadoskcaesonsoDos CLE acres 4seeccour 236,476 | -- ..-. 1, 795, 327 78, 827 598, 429
Averageiper barrels: 2 /.s5-6)|-2 ecleseecesle scenes cleaners (OSU EEanc arc BRARSEREGE BpasooEsaca5
Yearly average catch per vessel, 238.
[431]
HISIORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Page
Abundance of mackerel ..-...-..--------- 18, 14, 15
in Bay of Fundy, 1839 ......- 234
on George's Bank, 1868-...... 302
in Gloucester Harbor, 1845... 239
in Gloucester Harbor, 1866. -. 292
in Gloucester Harbor, 1870... 310
in Gulf of St. Lawrence, 1848. 242,
in Gulf of St. Lawrence, 1863. 284
in Ipswich Bay.....-----.-..- 287
in Ipswich Bay and at Cape
Oni! ssanccasatenscossossass 281, 282
in Maine bays, 1845 ...--...-- 239
on Maine coast, 1849 .....-.-- 243
on Maine coast, 1860 ----.--.-. 273
on Maine coast, 1865 ...-..--.-- 286
off Malpec, 1865.......----.-- 288
in Massachusetts Bay, 1833 .. 226
in Massachusetts Bay, 1859 -. 269
in Massachusetts Bay, 1868 -- 301
in Massachusetts Bay, 1880 .. 351, 352
off Monhegan Island, 1880.--. 350
off New England coast, 1629
SB poacccasddsa5 Soobsooeces 217
on New England coast, 1845.. 239
on New England coast, 1854.. 257
on New England coast, 1860-. 273
on New England coast, 1866- - 293
on New England coast and
scarcity in the bay, 1879.... 344, 345
on Nova Scotia coast, 1843. --. 237
about Sable Island, 1847...... 240
at Small Point, Maine, 1871... 316
JAMBI, WG bo Soeonsteooooseoesseanosescua 306
NdriaticemackKerceloimesee=emesrieccii- eli 4
Agassiz, Professor .....--.---.----------- 24
Allerton, Mr. Isaac..-.--.---------------- 115, 116
American fishery, importance of, 1832. ..- 226
schooners annoyed by British
cruisers in Bay of Chaleur,
GH. eecocncosonssnedHosoNsese 251,.252
vessels not annoyed by British
cruisers in the bay, 1868 -.--. 303
vessels in Gulf of St. Lawrence,
IRR) eadcccasecsoasandssc s506c 305
vessels in Gulf of St. Lawrence,
MEV s5056 dooaeReCCOOBOaSS ace 328
PAmbersupelan bores aeeeee seem a =e aeen= 45, 46
Ammodytes americanus ...-..---.------. i8
Anadromous fishes. --.-.------.----------- 6
mackerel never. .-.--------- 40, 43, 44
Anderson, Capt. James .-.---.------.----- 338
INT, CAD seSbcoososssaceas 47, 83, 241, 276, 282, 284
Annisquam ..:..------------00-0-2----=-5 291
VAM HI COST ae ata a= cle nielnia niet = ole elel = olmiata)eet et 4,315
Page.
Apparatus and methods of fishing -- .52, 73, 85, 98,
113, 115
Appearance in Barnstable Bay, 1838 ....- 234
difference in the time of, at
the Magdalen Islands and
at Waquoit, Mass.......-- 46°
JAD PeNdieeasoee reson cece Se eee aroaeeee ee 354
Arrivals from Chaleur Bay, 1850 ........- 246
from George’s Bank, 1842....... 236
on George’s Bank, 1878..--..---- 338
from St. Lawrence Bay, 1853 .... 255, 256
UA SsSosscnsncasotecotcdosece 297
IGE Wedd desasoee cones cosace 303
high prices, &c., 1873.....--- 325
prospects; 1859. °- ~~ == oe 270
slim doings, 1868.......--... 804
unprofitable trips, 1855....-. 259
and shore fleets, 1860........ 274
Ashby, Capt Benyienenera= 2 -\ose ase 22
ING OES) IERDY cooocs oconcsocoseoenoas saocscse 82
Atwood, Capt. N. E.-.3, 15, 24, 26, 38, 82, 91, 107, 108,
110, 117, 122, 145, 225, 226, 331
experience in mackerel
fisheries, 1839-1840 - -
1841-1851...
experience in St. Law-
rence Gulf fisheries,
234
247
1835, 1838 . ...227, 228, 229, 233
Babson, Capt. Fitz J ...--..-----.--.-.- 89, 297, 345
CaptaGorhaneeesseeescs aaa 16, 78
Bad season in Gulf of St. Lawrence, 1871. -. 315, 316
Baird eProp sels ssees staan eens 5-6, 10, 17, 25
BR casos sans ooso od ecagboosesrsrsssosEc 58-59
amount consumed....--------------- 89
and apparatus for its preparation.... 87-92
WDAO® Oho ocosscosteseecseossesssneesoe 90
HIN ce cooo acoso occoSoonSoSsooRsCEsC8O 19
MAM —scoassess eo wosocoesessscssseses- 91, 92
mill, first on Cape Ann ....-..-....-. 223, 224
mill, introduction of, 1823..--.-.---.- 222
Baker, Capt. Isaiah .-...-.----.......---- 77, 116
NBG Saree ierel tela a tel am lll alla lelel nll a
Barker, Christopher.---....----.---.-.--- 17
Barnegat..-.-------------+----------------- 9, 258
Barnstablerybay =--- ss eee ee eee ee 276, 300, 314
mackerel fleet in, 1838-.-.-. 233
12 GHEY MO Roos sceoessesesescassos 306
Barry, Hon. James.-....--.---.------- 101, 143, 144
IBaSS8@ -s.5c0 sem=en---- ~~ one 30 =n == == 27
Bathie miptation------2osocsee- eee == === 6
Baxtenandeprag ges sc /esees erie secs se 244
lady WSN, Webi sosece we odoeeessoesssece 265
USAR ~ cococonnotinocacoecanstss 291
USED esac aeneclece Apeaeacce 307
HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
Page.
Let IGE, UG ooscococasasscoosoecooceossd 296
USB cada SadescnousonsusTSosone 323
STS zee see cmetic cies 340, 343
arrival home of, 1873 .......... 325
disaster to the, 1851...-.--.:-.. 249.
thejeanlyan 862 eeees eee eee eee 281
IPB) coscooscseesooacea 265
first start of, 1866.............. 289
Te uascedehoceuec 322
fitting away of, 1859.......-.-. 269
VSG8ee meres 301
from Gloucester, 1858.......--. 265
increase in the, 1858 ........-... 263
adlarce, 1867 eenesccenacas cers 296
sailing of the first of the, 1861.. 278
Smale S75 eee ee 329
BayMen wiSho ees eeee essere eee seas 260
SCS recieys seein eiseme ee amae cits 303
TCD es sha se osanos cole cone Rnaeeee 308
minal Oe WEBS osooaccosocodace 263
NSCS eines see eee ete 286-287
S66 seen coaceeomeice 294
S69 eeeeeecaeiieeeeiee 307
light fares of, 1869........-..--.- 308
poor success of, 1842........... 237
Bay of Chaleur, big fare in, 1849.......... 243
poor luck in, 1849........ 243
Bay trip, quickest ever made, 1850........ 246
Tse, De 4US Bhs asomeo secs yecaoaooo Dood acos 15
Belle Isle, Straits of.....-..-..----.------ 3-4
iBerdicksiWalliam’. 5-2-2: -c-)-8a-5-2eene6 © 274
‘Berm daseeeeeee reece eee eer acces eeraee 4
Billingsgate Point....-..--... .-..s..+.-<6 276
(BirdURocksee 2s waceiseecioeee ce een eer 82, 83
Birds warucacnonworeeeeee ee eee eee = Gui as;
IIIRVOIEC ISMEME sooo seco sce conccsoosnoosccon0 257
Blanchard, Capt. Miles....-...-.-..------ 311
Blatchford, Capt. Henry -.-......-..-.---. 53
Nathaniel -..-..-.-- Seas GO050 220
Capta Samu eeeeeesaeeerenecte 79
Blindmessee see cee cee eseiattise epee 10, 12
IB THMES), 2 dacseceoScodsos doancaabnodsoasade 26
Block Island. - ..33, 47, 49, 144, 145, 253, 294, 333, 334,
341, 349
Block Island, largest maclcerel off, 1880 .. 349
Wha gadsncossaoveesacssonds 351
Boat-fishing in Maine, 1837-.......-.----- 230
Bobbing mackerel---oscssesse see esse 118
Bonaventure .-.---- eae ae cereciaiet 245, 274, 294, 321
Bonne Esperance... .-------- scceceecccee 316
Boone Island. -.-.-.-...2-4...-. 16, 18, 49, 79, 83, 314
IB CCU BMGS — cossescoscsneesoce 16
IBOOWN BR? soossocodopoSdes ac uoobooeSses0= 311
Boston) - 2222) saesenl ss ene gemeten eRe eats 114, 339
LEP IY EonooD sca nbbse5q500K0005009960 268
mackerel industry, 1877-1881...... 210
Boys in the mackerel fishing.........-... 298
Brackett, May Phomas — ess... esces so --ee 9
Brivdellesbanlkey asec ce eee eerie cence 33
Bradley Bank-...-.- 21, 22, 23, 46, 82, 245, 261, 267, 282
284, 287, 294, 298
Breeze, a mackerel .........---.---------- 33
Breton, Cape: 22.2204 cde sieectaeesce 82, 295, 321
Tslam ale aces ce welb asec 30, 31, 40
Brevoortia tyrannus -.....-:.------------ 88
[432]
~ TR),
British cutters in Bay of St. Lawrence dis-
guised to insure the capture of Ameri-
can schooners, 1852.....-...-..--------- 251
British provinces, mackerel exports, 1873-
1879, 1857-1873, 1853-1876.............-.. 217
iBroiledimackerelssas= sees ee ee eee eee ee 136, 137
I Ady JOR ION oscocoseS caosasoocwace 20
Same lisa as sie Scie eee ae 219
CapiaWiarten tees reeeeee eee neee 8
Brownell, Jonathan ...-....222...-<-- +s. 7
Bruce, Sir Frederick W. A............... 290
Butine tone Mir bees seeesacreee recor ceees 321
Burnham Andrew. ---- 2222-222 eee eee 223
Gorham s2 be aoe se seatseeee 91
Capt. Simeon..............---. 219
Butler, General ..-..-....-...----- (Niels 321
Buzzard SiBAyAe esse ecicse cae ae-e eee 22, 25
Cahoon, Capt. Abraham .......-.--.-.-.- 336
tCaissy Hidward soso shen se sasece eee eee 85
Camden ti a2 ge eset ceec snes eeornene 23, 136
Cameron Daniels pee oer eee eee eeeee 82, 85, 88
Mir Jiobieecci2scsecceecem cece 92
Canada fishery, 1873-1879 ...........-.-... 214
including Prince Edward
Island, 1869-1880 ...... 216
mackerel exports, 1873-1879.-....- 214, 215
Canadian fishermen, disinclination for
mackerel catching, 1872..... 320
fishermen, lack of interest ex-
hibitedibyel8jilese=s eee ee 314, 315
fishing industry, dependence
on the United States ........ 347
Canning i645). eee eeese eee eee eee eee ee 239
industry, origin and develop-
INEM SoGono Shades Ssodsedenoses 131-137
methods and statutes of.--..... 131-137
SENT) sed oebsnqusasouuccsosusesesqeadedeas 299
(EW ab ogscsconsesonsteucdsososaes 41, 346
Strait of.....31, 94, 102, 103, 111, 263, 274, 285,
299, 336
Cape Ann, fishing off, 1825 and 1831...... 222
WSS9 Ke Sere meena 234
Cape Cod .---..-.--. 12, 24, 32, 41, 128, 241, 245, 282, 284
Bay, fishing in, 1802 .........-- 218
Lf he oos, casoon 258
DESY) Gs eaododaua 306
UST See es 337
large schools off, 1848.......... 243
Capture, dates of ------....-..-.-........ 9, 10
latitude lofes jo. -tuceeecmeneee . 9
Canevor them shyeeeerere- anette eee 98-100
Cargoes, landing the ......-....-........- 75
Warolinaicoastia-eeeeses + ssseeiseerinseee ee 9
(CAI OBEN DOO cosa ngecsose cee socesaussecens5 299
@ashes Wedge) <2 -\-jsecn oetnasmi= eee 83
Cat-threshemecerateeene tae erat eee 109
OREN soscsebscoss soe SoposBostsoosse 16, 17
Chaleur, Bay of... 19, 40, 82, 239, 241, 245, 262, 265, 294
@harleston\eeseescass tere acca seeeeeeeee 10
Charlottetownersceqs--seee =o eee eee eee 251, 308
hathameeee-seee-—EeeEeeeee 83, 89, 110, 241, 244, 319
hatte Capessais sascacte soe cee eee eee 82
@haunGy7si Creoles: peer eee eee eee Eee eee 332
Chedabucto Bay. .--......------- 22... - 8. 31, 111
heticampyss- cesses eee nasser 82. 280, 286, 299
[433] REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
Page. -
Chincoteague ..-.------------------+---+5 112
SIGRIE) concer see oscerosasstc 39
COlmeinalbn, Chypths soneeacospoccoskmasee ces: 341
@hristiania hy ondeseee meee ie =e 4
Chronological history North American
mackerel fishery ---..---.+-.------.---- 218-354
Ghureh}. Capt: David eee neers aia 123
(@lamicne Ary EVO Wail Oe anletetetotetelatt= (i=) = =f tete= 66, 115, 162
WV ss oeoonoosassecdbenSeSsorce 119
@lose of season, 1828.---------.-.-------- 224
US scoomcccaocossaceso: 246
Clnpea aestivalis.......---.--.---..---- 90, 91, 109
WARNES) = cosas doononessouoceaSsos 18
Cogswell, General William...-.-.---.---. 150
(COMMER s ssscaShccssagoossestas sasodoseas 265
Cohasset hooker, good catch of a, 1860. --.. 274
Cold waters, partial to-----..---.--.--..- 7
Collins, Capt. J. W.--19, 21, 22, 27, 32, 33, 38, 143, 276
reminiscences of, 1849. 244
50. 245,
Die 249
152. 253, 254
pie Cale}, Pay
2542 258
55. 260, 261
56. 261
57. 262, 263
58. 267
59. 270, 271
60. 274, 275
61. 279, 280
62. 282, 283
6S. 284
64. 285
65. 287, 288
66. 294, 295
67. 298-300
68. 305
69. 309
70. 313, 314
Urfile 319
72. 321
ioe 326
Cooked mackerel ......-.- Ry tee, Week 133, 134, 135
Copepodaisess = ee sere eee 15
(Giimys\-soone Ssaovoscecroosecbpesasesceesor 30
Currents, effect of, on mackerel food.--.. 30
Cushing, Hon. Caleb.........-.-.--.----- 46
JORG, 6 OW ososascsocagsceeoocosesoscseses 159
Davis, ‘‘ Uncle” George, reminiscences of,
USO) Go = 55555555585 FA scscoaa0 223, 224
Wee, Ga@leom IOs. cos cosscootesencacsped> 223
Dates of appearance and disappearance -41, 42, 43,
44,47
for successful fishing -.-....--. 39, 40, 44, 47
Deane Sam eles see eee ae eae eae 116
Delong), Chyni, 1s WE eee seo ssessssscecoceas 77
Deep water haul ..----.......-..--------- 79
WM elawan eee scemas cee ceeeacceme asco aaias 83
(CHINES OL ceo ohcoscosseooenoesoos 9
GOA ss spoocooeee ease occodeass 339
Denmark (astern) seeeee menace abseil 4
Destructive gale in Gulf of St. Lawrence,
IY Osseo deco Seoeeease sosee Saaacconeeaa Ss 325
DIMOC kee) amie leanne ane 317
Pace.
Disappearance .....-..------------------- 11
DIS COPDOLESe see etelew el selaletsee ale iat ein 15
Disinclination to take the hook .---.--.-- 226
MISSeehiONes seca sees ee see een lela 10, 11
DWH) No age Bocosecnaddeonsescmncmaencenod 28
Double Island Harbor....-..--..--------- 3
Drag-net fishery, the most extensive. ---- 108, 109
Drag-seining....-.------.--+-----------<- 116
Drailing for mackerel ....-..------------- 117, 118
Drift-net fishing -.----2--.--.---....----- 109, 110
Duffy, Mr. William .-.---...--.-----.-... 9
Dunn, Mr. Matthew...-----.------------- 25
Dyers, Wher Ohpndest Noosa soosesmesesosae 345
Tstyall Wh IRs I SWSeseeaseeeconce 3, 79, 85, $8, 131, 345
Early appearance off Cape Ann, 1869---.. 306
Catches) 1S7e1 Ce )e esses eeeaee 112, 113
NE Soscdccesrone copedesoabe 338
days, Cape Ann mackereling trip,
"ICHIGO Boece man ewanasee Sane 223
fishing off Cape Cod, 1671..-....--. 218
methods of the mackerel fishery... 115-119
start for the bay, 1858 -.--.--.----- 263
HAW cocssessscabe 273
Hast Point (Prince Edward Island)...-.. 46, 82, 257
Hastport, Me.....-......--------------. 21, 107, 136
Hgg Rock ....-..-.--..--------.---------- 310
Eggs, mackerel ...---.------------------- 29, 26
Elizabeth, Cape.-.--.------------------ BS 49
INEM cosas coonoogncooseoosRacenSSoRcS 27-29
English Channel .....-.------------.----- 4
Escuminac Point ...--- 82, 242, 267, 282, 287, 294, 300
ORK eb 6a eno odes eadanoucasborencodceGocucad 105
TD RAINONE aN sence somsooSnodooopsSencase 254-372
Failure of bay fishery, 1877.----.-.------- 335
the fishery, 1843 .......--..--.- 238
almost total, 1841-. 236
sad results of, 1868. 304, 305
mackerel on George’s Banks,
He. cponb choco 239
Western coast,
Nova Scotia,
H WSS tes So 2 eee 226
Saint Lawrence Gulf fishery,
TS79) es eeetec sacs Je clee seeeee 344
Spring mackerel at the Magda-
lene, USD scscoeacescodceoses* 332
Fall fishery at Cape Ann, 1860.-.---.----- 277
in Barnstable Bay, 1870...... 31L
Cape Cod Bay, 1849..-...--- 244
IS60RSS ose 276, 277
1869e=se eee 306
1S ene 318, 319
USO ccesece 339
mackerel in Cape Cod Bay, 1838. --.. 231
schoo! on Nova Scotia coast, 1861--- 279
Fattening the fish--------2--..-----.-.-_. 100, 102
Fees of the inspector-general ....-.-.----- 147, 162
Financial profits of the mackerel hook
MGIOIAYy scoscaceesags cessocoacceocesson0 103-105
Hires slandeee en estene eee ease eee 253
First American vessels in the bay, 1876. - 332
appearance, 1875 ......----.-.--...- 328
arrival from the bay, 1860 .-.---..-. 273
186L eee sseee er 298
Re erinnmoc 381
HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
Page.
First arrival from the bay, 1865 ......---. 286
NETS soosoocenc 291
EGY saoacsacae 297
Wels) sssascsene 302
B69 eee meres 307
WIG Reese ce 330
scarcity re-
ported,1853- 254
Ton 18S, WSL -ocoscocsace 342
at Gloucester, 1878 ....-..--- 342, 343
from the south, 1855.......- 259
We ccooascs 306
USOssseacse 310
fare from George’s, good haul, 1873 - 333
of the season, a big stock, 1875. 329
mackerel caught off Cape Ann, 1873. 322
in Mass. Bay, 1863 ......- 283
USD -osese5 311
of the season, 1852 ...-.--- 250
taken 186 leek sa. See ee 277
seizure of an American
vessel for *fishing off
Prince Edward Island,
B52) Reese josie see Sai 251
voyages from Cape Ann to
George’s Bank, 1822.--- 221
voyages from Cape Ann to
Gulf of Saint Lawrence,
DRS Pi GnseDoranoSoosSaaore 224
Iden, Oa, lew | S255 55eseossadas00o 6
liar) es oS eo5Ss5o64Heobossosscescacs 247
HEMOUN? GRIRG) Olin Sabacosdenansacdecaoc 73-75
Bishery Capvalneeeeemeeancam cease sere 23
Tslande Soundsss-eeeeee teen ea eee 15
TH SHETICS a Oller aati eiaeraee cee 317, 318
bill, passage of, 1873 ...... soobe Beil ey7}
AKUSh OTM OTe Asaate iae loeise see ie le eieiceiseie eerie 49, 83, 84
: continued labor and fatigue of. 69, 70
death of experienced, 1863 .... 283
extracts from records and rem-
TA OOMEES OF soba socescacac 217
ars NEG USO) Sococon asdeso cane reocssss6a90 311
almost a failure, 1858 ..........-. 265
partial failure of, 1858 ..-.-.-.--. 265, 266
Fishing grounds .......------.- 21, 48, 49, 82, 83, 112
Mitzeeralds Mar ohm oe cec ens o cea 317
Nleettorsl S28 as sweeereee se cece eerie 224
WSO Pee cease eatsremer eee eerie 311
BEI) canncadenbaGooouaesdacosees 349
at the Magdalens, 1875....-..-.--. 330
expected home; 1866 ----2-----.-2. 293
fitting for the bay, 1862....-...... 281
in Barnstable Bay, 1860 -..-.-..--. 275
in Gloucester, 1862............--.- 281 |
movements) of U8i8ies-sessee neces 341, 342
in Saint Lawrence Gulf, 1834 ..... 236
My hooks cous (on occ epee eeu ceeuen cee 86
IGT Vs gars se a RN pa 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21
Foreign mackerel, United States consump-
WOH, Ory, INSECT ocoocoomoncooeaacKoS 214
dD Moe eee RSE tee ee ns ia te 3,44
Hoster, Aldred sD) 2 hace cee ee eee ee 345
Tose EM poles sa stae Mle acai ee Dera ayia ae 346
Ttranudmlent packinees—---esseseeeeeses 152, 153, 155
French coast, fishery on, 1868.--.........- 305
Fresh-fish business, steady growth of, 1880 352
[434]
Page
mackerel in Boston, 1869........--. c06
mackerel, first arrivalin New York
Marketwisiseeeeeeeeee ee Cee 322
ISU teacaouduoacosnsoadaoc 332, 333 ©
WER) sasbasaosacaossoncess 349
mackerel, first fare at Portland, 1878. 343
AE) CHVOUEIIN soseonsenqoceedecassocossece 327
Fundy, Bay of-.-....----- 4, 10, 40, 41, 49, 83, 249, 254
Gratien soo nitty Meee Ese le Oran eae 87
introduction of, 1823 .....----.---.--- 221
Gammurus dentatus -......----.-----.-.. 20
JOWHCENUS) Ascoseockeoas conaco 20
TMUMEN ANS) 5 3 sooosscscosuSseSonac 20
DUNES) 5 o535550005559990099555 20
Sabiniecea2t csc secoeeeiee eer 20
CrEMINGUES oom oo ssacoscese sees osseqass seeeee 18, 27
Gasperidesiece cae se cee te ate See cena 15, 245, 257
IBA Hie \oseeeisinc doc cee Satan sae eee 320
Cape sa ssiioaeeick cise eae ease 82, 258, 274
Gaspereamteeeseereeteerennce: 2 eS Sees 25
General discussion of fishery, 1870..-.-.-. 812, 313
Geographical distribution ..--.-........-- 3, 4
George; Capes ct 2setes ee toeee cee eeeens 46
George’s Bank .7, 8, 49, 83, 236, 239, 280, 282, 296, 297,
302, 309
bank, large fleet on, 1875 .....-.. 329
large haul on, 1873.--..-.. 324
big trip from, 1872) ----.-.----_.- 321
George’s, good catch on, 1869 ....:.---.--. 307
good fares from, 1867 ....--.---- 297
good trip from, 1868 .........--- 302
large school on, 1867...--..-..-. 296
Shoalsig-2535.\-s5soesse eee 33
Georgetown (Prince Edward Island)...... 82, 106
GernaniOceane So. oe se ereree ee eeeee 4
Gibbersiss2 oreo Sncse acer ee cee e eee 73, 74
Gifford!s Miro: ie as assets eis ae Sete eC 52, 122
Gigging, protest against, 1836 .--.....-.-- 228
and seining, protest against in
present century .---.--.---..- 121-123
Gilbert: Moses. 522 \s5ee4ce see eee 220
Gall-ne teishenyeeeee- ee anche te eeeee eee eee 107, 112
in Barnstable Bay, success
Of 8103s see bce eee eee 309
at Cape Cod, growing im-
portance of, 1859......-- 268
in Cape Cod Bay, success
Of ISHS 7a eeare nee eee 267, 268
Gill-nets, large catches im ---.2.--.2.--2-- 107, 108
Gillnetters from Provincetown, good
CATCHES TO F869) seeee eee aes eee ee 306
Gill-netting, advantages of, 1859.......... 269
at Dennis, 1870 :------------- 312
Galpin; Dr sc. bee cewmsceiceceeeeee 8, 10
Givinethesemelawayeeseeeeeeeeeeeerees 64
Gloucestensch a eeteee te ee ease eee 241, 288
baymen, success of, 1858....... 266
fisheries Sioeeeeee cee eee eee 326
MBA IMO Ssoscsouadccosocuns 312
SBT eee ee eee eee 352, 353
fleet, the large vessels in, 1821-- 220
Harbor, mackerel in, 1853.-...- 255
large school in, 1861-.- 278
Goode Ga Browmres= pee ea seer eeee a lOnsaoe dasa
Gordy Minot Boerne ee ee Sere eee 59, 73
139
Gradesiofimackereleeeeeneee seen eee
[435] REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
Page.
Grandiananeeseeseeee eee aiece ts ststrerte ieee L2e23
TSH ERG ocho nusongenSsoaEoad 83
Guant Presid entissaseseies eee eee 321
Gray, Capt. William—...--.---...----.---- 80, 341
Green| Coversccecneee enemies = oiate alcle elelei=aiel= 8
GREEN POL Ss aot nee wee lee cee we ane 54
Grey, Capt. John..............--.---.---- 85, 92
(GriGyAvaney MBE Coasas so ocodooosensesneonecc 8
Growth and size, rate of....-------------- 26, 27
GP ielneiay, WSIS ssecen scocsSoneneobossac 334
Gulf of Maine, fishing in the, 1874..-.-..-- 327
IR meponoa 328
St. Lawrence, close of season, 1852. 252, 253
American vessels in,
TSf8—1S8 see 429
poor quality of fish,
TEL nosbenoweccaod 258
fishing in, 1859 ..... 270
good fares, 1862-.... 281
arrivals from, 1859.. 271, 272
(QUEM pecacocosnsongneds casescconsosss 223
1a BNE he Soest econo coSSouereepetmoone 40, 181, 240
Halifax Harbor, large hauls in, 1855.-..--. 260
Hall, Mr.....-.--..---+------------------- 23
semen JOM ihe sseossosssesscosdrocease= 3
Hand-lining from decks of vessels, intro-
duction of, 1804--.-.--..-...------.--.-.- 219-220
Harbor temperatures-..------------------ pel
Harding, Capt. King. --7, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 37, 38, 242
Harger, Oscar.....----------------------- 28
TER MOD oocacescosdocquap coasoSasuSEEsseS 339
Harwichport fishery, 1864....--.....----- 284
Haters Capeeseeresssaeseeie= .-3, 9, 10, 41, 42, 112
iMfenlopens | Wapeleaeaseesnecessecas eee 113
1slemeay, CANO: soosgo sec ocmessoboSsécqcanENs 7, 10, 328
Herrick, Capt. William .-:.-...-----..... 113
ISHS ATEN soo soascoda sso9cdedooUsooscecE 5, 8
Tetikeranbng;, WEP. 355 sSodousscsconescoesccena0 52
Higvins and Gitford...:..:-.------------- 55
Higginson, Francis. ---.--.--------------- 13
Hich line of the bay fleet, 1869 ......--.-. 308
fie, MEBYsocsseonconencd 262
Ut joshacoseqossooo 293
NEES oobcoeoeaporee 298
ETO seecsdoacs soccee 347, 348
Provincetown fleet, 1874. 327
seining fleet, 1874........ 327
price of bay mackerel, 1875... --- Eee 330
for mackerel, 1869.......-.---. 306
Hinckley, Mr. Benjamin F-......-.--.---- 43
1tinGl, Tine, JEL Woes soscsesosoase 3, 5. 18, 21, 44, 346
on the causes of the al-
leged annual variation
in thenumber of mack-
erel observed..--.---- 35, 37
on the causes of irregu-
lar movements ....-.. 29-35
Hingham: ---...-------.------------=----- 265
ASheL yy VELA = =a tlee === 220, 221
UGB YSIS ssacsagscocebse= 231
Tee ee ee onaaeO6o0 238
extinction of, 1876.-..... 332
fleet, success of the, 1843 -..-.-- 237
TaN We (CO: coecasedosencose socomosecenS 288
Homeward passage and disposition ---.-- 102-103
Page.
TERT WE Are ase cod apace bossa cuacsesence 82, 280, 299
Hook-and-line fishing off New England
COPE bake pes oScomsoododonbacHerenso scan 276
Hooked and seined mackerel, relative
Gwe ON -Acceoteherconobopecoresacedes 148
Jakaya, (Chitty 1B LY acooad shbsoheosesseeco 332
Capt aka WNeet-n--cesseesee on eeaae 325
“ Horton,” large stock made by the, 1873. 324, 325
Howes, Capt. Ainsley --------.----------- 259
Teh Ssoogcbe coisas necpeeocdodsecSbacd 115
Hurlbert; Capt. Ri Ei 2 --se-------—=~---—0 22, 23
ISNA ne Conoco eas babosanoasosreaccons 239
Implements,methods, and results of mack;
iG) CSET, soda ccogearouoonecs .---- 107-112
Improvement in mackerel on the south
coast of Nova Scotia, 1872.-.-..........- 320
packing salt mackerel and
OLneg nS hipaseeeeeeeeeat 132
Increase in the price demanded for li-
censes to fish in British waters, 1868 -.-.. 301
Inferior quality of bay mackerel, 1869---.. 307
taken in Canadian waters,
TS oscongactadcadaaasoe 315
Influence of the fishery on the welfare of
the fishing towns, 1868.......----------- 304
Inspection of No. 4 mackerel, 1835.-...... 227
DO bee nde aceerrideee pe eoae 147-162, 354
British Provinces, 1874.. 395-418
Canadas! Sie 395-412
Connecticut,1875......-. 370-372
Maine, 1875-.----- Bfsataeters 354-357
Massachusetts, 1859 .... 363-368
New Hampshire, 1878.-... 357-363
Nova Scotia, 1851..---.-.-- 412-418
Rhode Island, 1872 --...- 368-370
of pickled mackerel, Maine,
1804-1820, 1864-1878 , 1864-1881, 194-202
of pickled mackerel, Massa-
chussetts, 1804-1881...... 164-190, 191
of pickled mackerel, New
Hampshire, 1804-1820, 1864-
CEH ee eenasecoosBeoods seeece 202, 203
Ipswich Bay....--.--.------.---- gecanos 32, 298, 314
Itinerary of voyage to St. Lawrence Gulf. 105-107
Dink, CRS occ see snasnonsocbdesdosdsceanse 46
Jacobs, Capt. Sol -.------------- 9, 112, 113, 338, 349
Janovin, Capt. George -..-.-..-----.----- 262
AseuivOKeR JOBS) = cosnasonovootacs seScrosses 47
Jewett, Capt. B. W.----------------.------ 80
Ue coco dg beonesenenes sacescssehossseesso os 85, 86
MMPOG OM Ol <- se asonsscoosconesncscse= 220°
digging mackerel. ---..-----.------------. $3
Jones, Mr. J. Matthew.....-.............. 1
JOSCLYM: <2 <6 <= = enna nn eee ween nna 27
SOR, JEL Sasccscsoos cnoabeccensedeseascssss 320
Joyce, Capt. H. B.....---- las eeeee eke 12, 13, 112, 327
ically, IDM sc cocaesoodoasdooodosesscscoccsos 34
Kenney, Capt. Nelson A -.--....-.....-- 60
Kenniston, Mr. George B ....-..--...----- 43
Kettl eps andes see eeean een ae neaerar 22, 88
MEH MER copotisnses sosesosessccoosassess2 10
UGQOE enstcodssone Seosbennassascssscadcoe 109
WEG coon eb son cco beer ddcostpatosscsees 34
GULF Nie So seagoodooo conecHSSsec 3
iia) Chance) Capt. aH. 2 == -6-.c=->2-- == 45, 46
HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
Page.
Last arrival from the bay, 1858 .--.......- 264-266
Late school in Massachusetts Bay and at
Cena Col, IBD. Soosasanbnsdacobodassasce 272
Ibpidrenin, OBEN Go6bccooekasesqasuaeudode 112, 338
Watitude mane Ofeese see eee eee ee eee 4
av Ole wNiers sect secure nee ie seiei ints ste 315, 316, 320
Laws, petitions, and protests.........----. 119
Le Barre Harbor .......-4-.-...--.------« 326
ee-DOWAn Seer aere cee cee eee ec rears 97
Legislation for the protection of mackerel. 119, 123
Wepblaviolensseeeeeeeccereteie erences aes 7
Banke ese iecelme- ee eee sees 17
Leighton, Capt. Andrew .--...---.--.....- 22
THO WeESHD Clirsercte oem serietenerciam niente 831, 339
License required by Canadian Government
from American vessels fishing in Gulf
of St. Lawrence, 1866, 1867.---....---- 290, 296, 297
Life-history of the mackerel............-- 3-29
Line-fishery, exceptional hanls........--. 96
List of American vessels engaged in the
mackerel fishery, 1880....-...-.......-. 420-429
ILFRHIE, Ip IBC saegacqane soeeosua CBUG deanE aS 145
Bono (sland wecee ese ence aces sees 21, 49, 260
SOD oeccasascossneaneoasaes 41
Mookout;|Capetacss pecan ccniecatenoe cee 113
Loss of many schooners in the Bay, 1852-- 253
TEIN MEMGADY Wh bosooseasa veacecs 89, 91, 105, 305, 328
Trowe Capt eh rancis) 4. =e seeee eee eee 115
TOW RY Mire cae) acai ae hemes ees 89
Loyd Dhomasie sasaceucscecciee ase ee aeee 10
Lucky haul at Provincetown, 1877 ...-..-- 333
Stredle pois se oeccees eee seni 82
VeSSCISHS 75028 eeyeae eee bee ee 32
TEUMOMDULS AS oe pa hetey sete aise ese aeeneees 317
lune.) Worahamesace aes sse ee eae ceee 85, 118, 220
Dives sel Mise: cae acietian aaa a hs aaaeeieee 248
Mackerel hook fishery... -.-52--------2-- 81-107
Mackerelmen, discouraging prospects for,
AICO Pe Oe eee Sears rien os 235
poor doings of, 1837 ......- 230
THU 238
Mackerel pocket 222. ssciin secice erences 17
WMI SoeceboscouducEMoASodosoe ne 18
Ree hoe ee pdoaooeececassoucc doe 28
AMER CTULA asf = hija bain cee ee eet eee eee 15
Maddocks, Capt. Joseph ...-.....-..----- 82
Wervsloxg INGR, Tn NE oooosccososseeceudcos 78
Magdalen Islands... . 21, 22, 30, 31, 40, 82, 94, 247, 261,
280, 284, 294, 295, 299, 309, 326
URIV ORES acc cesar see eee eleiiee 271, 274
| Maine coast, fishing on the, 1860.---...... 276
Garlf of 22a sae sers eas ease eee 49, 83
fis enya MlS64 seen eee ee 285
mackereling in, 1825...-.--- 222
Miap ee Beceem eacattesece micas 249, 288, 294, 299
Manometphondsteceerecseeaeecneeceneee 238
Margaree Islands ..-..------------- 2, 280, 286, 299
Manganeb/ Spay) tiscsiscleeeste reese eases 111
Market fishermen, good luck of, 1872....- 319-320
forjmackerel) 1832252242 sessses25 6 225
TB58 seer eieseeea es 266
WSSU eerie ee te 272
running for the ......- ice Me eues 75
Markurson, Capt. Knud .-.......... 80, 81, 339, 340
Marry Canty Ohestereeeseneeeern seen tees 17, 99
\
Marshall, Capt. William ............--... 221
Marston shobertrecaneeeeceeeeeceeree neo 219
Martha's Vineyard -...-..----..-2..----<- 45
Martin) Captysndbeeeeee sane eereeeeee 69, 70, 71, 72
MantinicusRockiepsseseeessntcee eeereeee 49, 83
Massachusetts Bay-...---------.--.------- 314
fishenywlotGeeceeeeees 332
fishing in, 1870 ....... 310-311
catch of mackerel for 1838- 231
fisheries, extent of, 1837. . 229
feet 1880s see aes 418-419
MatherwRichardteeseeereccs scene eee eee 13
Wiki OBS soshaosssasdbendescessccce cosas 41,112
Wkkyo, liteniay C4 OD sosesqbssand6eseseunos- 133
iMiraN Ola eeiscisie= as eco meleeeiaee ets 40
MeLain, Captain -...----+2...-.....------ 76
Meiean, Capt: Geo ---.225 2-2. 522--.0-5-=6 337
McMann, Captain <2 2-0. -.-jsaee ss =i 80
Meccatin an. -peereesstemceee eee ce ieee 316
Aittle sees ne see atanseeeeene 4
Mediternameantecesecea cian see) eleeieeeers 4
Mehlman, Capt. David N ........-------- 42
Menhaden sa | scicc = ce siaicis see cine see tt
Menhirom ne men scaceeenecrcoeesceceeete 13
Merchant, Capt ...----- 85, 218, 219, 220, 222, 224, 225
Capt:;Eipes Wi-e2--ese eeeeeeee 92, 99
Capt. George, jr-.-.-.-..---52, 57, 71,78
JAMeCS 2. Sass ss ee eeite SESE 220
MerrimaceRiveriascescesce-cccere sree ore 89
Methods of curing, past and present...... 145, 147
WIG Sae@, (ERIE OT oaShdooscogacacdsusocace ss 4
Mierationissepecenetenasn sesie eee 5-6-12, 31, 32
NOLUtHEL Ya eis ieeiseeeete » 12,13
ING stands ocelot atee ees 22,24
Min gantercmssscaneeuree sceesic: panoapesoen 4
Islands (Labrador) ..-..........-. 82
IMGramichinee jes coscececeaeaceeeaee eects 82
Bay oho saetet sect ase 267, 309
Miscou Point........-- sees 22, 46, 82, 245, 282, 294
Mitch Dr is esee ce eeaaase eet eeciton eae 39
Mr “Charleston. sgsase esse aces 131
IModeiof fishing --a-ea esses ieee 92-98
IMIQISI GS Saray wis Dee esetiescl eee eaecae 315
Winger), Whos -noackosooes Gecanocsséee 110
Tslandeeeeres Sed ee Meese 49, 88, 254
Mionitaulkes ste easctenetacn teeter kere sseee 294
Pointe ssiysssnck eee ee eae 83
Morcany Caprainies meee see eeeseseeeseere 234
Mount Desert Island.--...----..-.--..--. 107, 345
Rock........-.--- 49, 83, 244, 254, 314
INN ICGWHNS somnoatoncoccdes coadsad ocsau5 271, 275
Movements of macke rel, influence of blue-
fish) on(1850).2hete esac pose aessiceeccietse 244, 245
Movements of the mackerel schools, ob-
servations of American fishermen...--- 37, 41
Wihwilerbiye, THONG scosostasoceocceneoccsesos 332, 346
IVDO Liye PE Soc seb cc becudSnonaspscoasac 54
INiaANGUC Ke bites serejane seetesisiceiseieecini as 13
SS) Or Kee guabecarncascosees 28, 31, 83, 112
INGA, Wb 1D, dU ceotskosassessonedadoous 43
Newabedtordese-cepene a eeetassecee sees 54
New Bruns wiCleseseeeaaee eee ee eee 22, 50
fishenye S52 cess eee rere 254
and Nova Scotia fishe-
BOLE Vennocnceseanaaesads 1871, 317
[457] REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
Page
Newburyport fishery, 1863 ...-.-..-.----. 283
Heet, UbG0 n= 4. - aes < 273
fleet, past and present, 1873. 324
vessels in Saint Lawrence
(Groit, IER Beare sebacin coe 257
vessels, small number en-
gaged in the Southern
fishenyeelS (Oser =< oie =e 309
Newcomb Capt. Wantusesees--eccs-seedee 52
New England coast, large school off, 1877- 337
New England fishery, 1856. .-..-...-----.- 261
number of vessels
in the bay, 1878-. 387, 338
review of the, 1878... 344
1879... 348
1880... 351, 352
1881. 953
fleet, 1879-’80-’81 .. 206, 208
south coast of .--.- 83
New England vessels, big catches by -1876 336, 337
INGWaebmberprises= =e eeriealaleensniecemineie 339, 340
INewwdtoundlangiee se see eeree- ae eisiserie nce 12, 39
IN@ wend ONY ees sss Seco scacecaeciesiona 54
Newport, good catch off, 1875.....-...---- 329
ELAR DORE nee a ceeie sia 3) eisaeeelesees 342
large catch at, 1875.--...--..... 330
> large haullat, 1875..-.....-..... 330
BNIOW: MOT Kosga=nisseeccae sess scence sie 114, 339 |
Night fishing, introduction of, 1837-1841. . 230
a new feature in the mack-
erel fishery, 1841....-..-- 235
Noman span dies eee rae se sees 33, 34, 294
North American fishery, products for 1880. 127-131
IMONT A CETNS sacese cooane cea eee caenouc 22, 46, 341
ora n Ibe ot eaadenesonconadcaus sadaES 3
ANOLON Be asmac eemieio abe c cine visemes 249
INonwaiy i COaStiOle 2 o-- see nat seek eescni 25, 340
Notre Damen Bays0b. os-e=- 22) eee sees 46
INO Ways CObM Seer ees cise sneiseie ni ierelete 12
big catch off, 1851.--........ 248
A iaiips sa Sets Eee 333
eastern coast of.-.---.-----. 83
fisheries, 1839-1846. -.....---- 240
schooner bound south, the
tables turned, 1877 ....... 333
Western, mackerel in 1853. 254
Numbers, fluctuations in..........-.-.--- 37, 38, 42
Qalkes ME rs has Mere eee mereae ese eee sion 219
(Chios AN/cul a So asttmenneacsenecoone 78
(Oise, (Ceystinutn sososeossconbopoeaseeceouse 7
Ommastrephes illecebrosa---.-..-----.--- 28
OnuphantBanlks 252. sce cee 46, 82, 245, 294, 298
CREB acsenctessedese5caq0sqode0ucoesOaS 3u1
Overfishing destroying the fishery, 1838... 233
aelkard Wrest eee aise 33
PLOLESSOUs ee pss Sees eee 3
Packing, cost, and quantity ofsaltneeded. 140, 142
Parsons CapbacdObMe sme eee eee eee 115, 220
RassmeiCape Codes (bp eet = eeeiee ee = 330
Pane, CANIN -snoeceobacsanossTessecoases 82
Pela mic ish tee ees eee reeessraceae re eears 12
FSO CO BEN SocadecoccasearbeoaIccoUose 25, 128
Perley Mire eens tasee rain 4, 12, 111, 254
Petuince Use Var MMOs Sie alate etal eeta= = tema = lala
42 |
Page.
Petition for the repeal of the law provid-
ing for an inspector-general of fish.-.... 156-160
BBD ATOD OS pe gee a eee alee ee ae 17
IDvhAGy Whe OG Eel Baseroneosoee aed odoee 182
had elp Dae eee eee ae ree 114
Philips; Mor Barne tine mets aaiale ade ates ora 5
Phosphorescence .----...--....----.----<- 109
Pictow (Nova Scotia) .-...-.---..----..-.- 249
Teo), WIVES eee mememomoscnesosccodcs 80
Piteon-hill ground ..-..-.......-.--..-... 82
Platyonichus ocellatus -..-.-.........---- 15
IBERIA AR cocec done sosecoooacoocada- 326
Plenty off Newburyport, 1858......------- 264
reported at Western Nova Scotia,
UEP Ses heen ecpactce ten senenaaas 250
IPL s beacon eeenocsosnenooroocobescsccsrc 100-102
iIRecketiorspiller = cae e esse eee 71-73
TRO GN cca= cso coco aace sorasosononce Seeccace 10
IG RA Elson cone soebeSbEaSae-eacecssaeasanc = 79
TPN WAR cmc ponsogtcocone se sou cecesacsoce i
Pool, Captain .--..--...-----------.------ 251, 252
orpoises) = == -ee-qe- 4-44 -= = =a 28
Povti-al-bOLte eee reer eee eee ee 82
iPontlandeee see e see eee 25, 83, 245, 345
Portsmouth and Gloucester Harbors, big
schools in, 1837....-----.---. 230
fall fishery, 1837. .-.-------.- 231
IPBOOS aceon soeeseconacessndes ener saeso ss 26
IGP ecassacadceocson se sssoagesisoc ect 223
WER Bocoscocscadocecscososocseecesee- 238
UGB sccsco csgac coteseessesusesocsa=¢ 246
Ifthe Bae cece nee oecosccosesone se6 250
NSSF sese meeeeinc ascisaamcee sens 270, 271, 272
Sitar ooneocooUBRonoaseossepcesass 286, 287
TSG GeO acter 1s oleae Rants lr 290, 291
WIS sosceoucancsoesessdunesacdeaace 303
TRG) acosessdacebesede HesAcscssagedee 306, 307
USE. 55tbss-s54455Se 6c ss0cSasbeossoes 322
Mohyemves) many NEAL — een aseeccconcs 279
URioses hoo. execncesesc 292
in Boston market, 1804-1832. --.-.--. 218
of canned mackerel ...------------- 135
enhanced by the demand for ship-
ment to California and Australia,
Uieccooosossocsbocssoseooncscues 262
for fresh mackerel, New York, 1870. 312
in Massachusetts, 1830-1881. .-..---. 210
Prince Edward Island ...-..---.--.------ 22, 23, 33,
245, 247, 257, 261, 263, 267, 280, 282, 284.
287, 288, 294, 295, 299, 309, 326, 346, 347
leno, Mbe, di OQ). s2s250525555525555502-5 89, 158
Profitable shore fishing, 1870 ..-....-.--.-.- 310
leno COE, Wyyteess cfe2es-S5e2se 2s saccss552 333
IPrOWINCeCtOWM = a= == ae = oe 7, 26, 28, 239, 248
fisheries, 1876-1836, inclu-
SiWyG\s Sas Ssocmecoosceccaso 331
fishery 187 2hee ans eeseseee 320
Hab OL so.-seoe eee LOO NZnG:
Bruges, (Master) pesos esacecsacceee eee 4
PAGO NIE). oe on Sasoneosaqeeecoeoses aACOOS 20, 21
Purse-seine, attempted use of, in Norwe-
Corman yeni es | ees Dee Se 80
big catches with, 1865-.-...- 286
big haul in a, 1866........... 291
HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY. [438]
Page.
Purse-seine, dimensions of an average-size
deep-water..--.-.--.-..... 57
TENG AVS. dascodacicnd coboEeo55 48, 81
history of the use.--........- 78, 80
protest against the use------ 122
successful use of, off Cape
ANTI, EID) soa abonacoeceasne 269
successful use of, off Cape
Ame 86 Ose eaeeeee eins. 275
Purse-seining, successful, on New Eng-
landwshoxrewsdlSoseeesereeaeneecn cece ea 255
(Pursino upresese seca vee erage eee aie erate 61
(Ajonvelte (aio, els sec Soadososouooncesesoed 327
Quickybayastrips el S6lseeeeseeeeeeaaceeeeee 278
Qnimanty Mir shranciseeeeeeee secretes 317
Race Point peso eae seo vee 827, 328
Rabtelith Capt iwalliames-e-eecestessesse = 78
Reappearance on the Labrador ceast after
40 years’ absence, 1871 ..-......-------- 316
Receipts and prices, 1853 --.-...-----.---- 255
Reciprocity treaty, effect of, on Nova
SGotia 1869 ocralerevee totale ete tetettete ote wietols foreiae’= 307
IGGL BEN soos so opadecsseoscocsscssuescueseS 3
BOO ae Haste eRe Rie wiaetotoe cicielefetsiets 17
Re-enactment of prohibitory laws, 1702.. 120,121
Refusal of mackerel to take the hook at
AL tim OS ee these ores alee seein lees 38-40, 42-44
Reinspection, pickled mackerel, Massa-
chusetts, 1850-1881 .......---.-------..- 192
Menton ames Miyeeecer ere sere elo re ire 315
Rental of Cape Cod fishery, 1677...-.---.- 218
Repeal of prohibitory laws in Massachu-
SetusplG92E sees ssc ice ee eae eeeeeeee 119-120
Repealed, inspection laws, Maine ----..--. 372-381
Massachusetts 381-388
Pennsylv ania, 388-395
IS ORO TINK -sooscssocosnnosuocacoossada 21-26
Review of fishery for 1853.---..------.--- 256
hodewslandeteressseeseerereee-sereeeaee 90
RICH Mer ZAG baer creek cemtiteeeectcinccecs 40
ichmondisislandeeecse serene ee nae 79
Rideing, Mr. William H.-.....-...-...-.- 5
PRIS ORs a ese eer eerie meleieisietecicicteisineicieeete 80
INMSOR) soos sonossocssopdeouassesusccuns0ac 18
Robinson, Captain Danicl..-......---.--- 223
Rockport, Mass., large fishing station, 1836 238, 229
Ropes Charles teescssee sere teasers 158
Rough weather in the bay, 1866.......... 292
Rowe, Capt. Joseph.--..-----..-.-... reals 22
Rozier, Cape! so sSh ssl eee einiceieeee seec 274, 275
AMISH COME oe ees se Soon acee tee ce secrets 316
SableyCapemesserresaeheee ee cesismc eee 40, 230, 250
Usland otis sims s eiccersceeceseres 83
Salem: fecstetcn scweiee dae cee se soseeee sacs 89
Salesid S60 stcen ee eens see aseee = 298
Tefal bes ronS on aC aeE Ob aoocaaosoboeoran 353
JOKES, CAO, ERAS oS aguosdsousousoasS 225
Salmonvbaygenmae eens oeicisatee eee eee 3
Saltimackerel yoasc scenes net ee ae eeeeee 135, 136
fishery of Gloucester, re-
ceipts for 1880..---..-.-- 350, 351
Saltingithemishes-.-scee ese eee eee ee eee 98, 99, 219
SandyPHook. eas =e sine eee aeeneceiene 9, 114, 260, 294
‘Point joecass sceeoee seca ene eee 116
Page
Sars! Professor ss-< cece secs soe heeeee eee 25, 35
DriG. Oia jecewecsneeae seen ce eeyse 32
Scarcity. 1828 soo jysiek cesses ores cee eee 225
USSG ove sees Hesaoeoa tee 228
1SSTHISAL eee e se eae ae 230
Ae i AG Sas ae pouSadoceaboeod 240
NSS Oe eee canines eee icieseeacl= 244
1Bd2 ses ee sae ease = teens ee seecienes 252
WSS8 es sosek cassd cess eee 263
1S6L sesso s tee eae eee 277
ASG Res asssess a aee ee ete 296, 297
off Cape Ann in late autumn,
ISSO seth 2 Soci eee eee 245, 246
attributed to bluefish, 1868.-...- 304
comparative, 1866....-..---..-.. 291, 292
curious reason for, 1841.-......- 235
in early summer, 1849_.......-... 243
and extreme high prices, 1853 - . 255
on New England coast, 1834 .... 227
UST csc 325
in Nova Scotia, 1843 .......--.-- 238
in St. Lawrence Bay, 1838 ...... 234
1860 -..--. 278, 274
TOD saass= 330
early in
the sea-
: son,1866. .. 290
Gulf, 1838 ....-.. 232
UE) coco ce 277
S68 eeeeee 302, 303
_ off shore, 1875...--..---.-------- 329
reported in St. Lawrence Bay,
852s Secs LS ees 252
reported in St. Lawrence Bay,
VOM sede decker eee eee 279
unusual, in St. Lawrence Bay,
W866 5221542 desea Sooo soa: 290, 291
fall mackerel on New England
Shorey 842 eee ete ee rela 237
small mackerel in Massachusetts
Bay previous to 1830.-.-....-.. 224, 225
School) larceny! 872ess-e-seeeeeee ee eee eae 321
of Cape: Amn, 1852. oo eee cea 252
ofyCane\ Cody tsiseeeeaseee ee eeeee 325
in the eel grass, 1876.....----..... 332
Schooling mackerel, display of, 1865...-..- 288
Schools in Gloucester Harbor, 1859....... 269, 270
1S6822ee—=— 303
Schooners stranded in the bay, 1857.-..-. 262
SCOMP CL) SvOkee eee ne asee essen eens 39
Seu, IBRAOL. 64 OM socobeesesboseooccs 244
Seaconnet), RscAnecseeces-caceeceneceine 77, 89, 90
Sea-fleas...-......-- acetinneenmcaceeemerces 32
MELTING. 22 Lesa ss es seers eos see é 6
Season good for mackerel, 1864 ...-.-..-.. 284
Seazurchins 322 sescseeteseeee- eee tease 30
SeR-“wWOlrMmnS.cs Wan esees sock vicen sees sees 30
Seme ssa soso asscSseene eee see ce alaeeeeeeee 56, 58
COstiOf soccer eects 103, 104
boat, and its fittings -....-...--..--.-- 52, 56
boats, price-list of........-.--------- 55
Seiners, good catches by, 1869..-.- .--..--- 306
SUCCESS\Ofte reese ni eeeetinee seit 821
Swampscott, 1853...... 255
[439] REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
Page.
Seining by day, methods of ........-..--. 59, 65
financial profits of...-.-.-.--.--.- 75, 76
by night, methods of.........-.-. 57, 65-71
prohibition of, 1864...........---- 119
successful at Isle of Shoals, 1852.. 250, 251
to be tried in St. Lawrence Bay,
UP sanb Ooo cooadadecoSrenSOoaS 301
vessels fitted for. .-..-.....------- 50
Sellmon, Mr. Henry....-..-...---....--.- 136
Seven Islands, Labrador.---...---.-.----- 19, 82, 97
Shore and bay fisheries, prices, &c., 1873. 324
fishery in Cape Cod Bay, 1879...... 339
a good stock in the, 1873-.-.-. 324
notes on the, 1878 .....-.--. 339
TYE TESTE) SoScn6 anscisanenasonsceoeaD 256
NG sseccn.coegseuagdcosSEssenS 286, 287
USD sncnccocesoscaadboness on05 293
off Cape Ann, 1804.....- paced 219
18o8Eesss as sec2 264
arrival of the, small number of
arrivals from the bay, 1875 - 330
doings of the, 1858...-...-.---. 266
great disasters to the, 1869-.... 308
ill success of the, 1878 -..--... 341
small catch by the, 1877...-... 333
success of, 1861---:-.------.2- 279
BGG sass se secs 293
1869. co acite cesses 307
and George’s fleet, doings of the, 1868 303
Shore-lovin Gets hyeseeee eee eee recat eles 4
Shoremen, South, success of, 1842 -....... 237
Simpson PACHW pe saaesaciasseciee secianisteicetetos 3
Sinclair Captaheteteeaeta ss seee stesso ne OL
Slaipay aCe meri enacset wate ce ence tcheecetels 10
Shnevll GayKAN, WEG. Scesedondadeccuscocasese 229
NBOO0 Aersics ses sse erctelelccisici=eieee = 273
ibn Mubiey ISS sscoesoaosoobeas 329
by Newburyport fleet at the
South, WO. cecescas scenes 275
by New England fleet, 1843 - 238
of St. Lawrence Bay and
shore fleets, 1867.--..-...- 298
in St. Lawrence Gulf, 1870 .. 310
catches at Block Island and in Gulf
of St. Lawrence, 1878...--. 342
of the mackereimen, 1877.. 334
fall catch in the bay, 1869..-....... 308
fleet from Gloucester, 1859......... 268
receipts and unusual scarcity, 1851- 248
Sprinsycatchil CoSetemseeeeee ee eeeee 264
Smith,
CapterHentys Ofees cesses ee eee 82
OMNES ase a aatseeee sare sisice eee ee 27
Capt. Joseph ..-.--.---. 51, 56, 67, 68, 69, 112
SSO rye bea tee emails ee See ne 28
Capita Sylvanusiss=s sees =e eeeeeees 88
Snappershast seca secs me ecieettesiiee 16
SnowaeVin Josiahiee seer sstcecncse me ececs 41
South Channel, large schools in, 1848 ...-. 242
Souvvern Channel eases assent 42,47
HISheryAelS62 a2 seca seme eee 280
CB Se asocedccoconsseee 283
UC. ss sbeSseecotcoosee BL ay
STB uescenpcaeteack weSs 322
beginning of, 1815...... 220
Southern fishery, decline of, 1859......... 268
early catches, 1880 .-..-- 348, 349
notes on; 1@61--.....-.. 277
Si Oeyaetateeret aie 310
EV foi AK inner 338
success of, 1862 .....--. 281
fishing, light fares, 1874......... 327
fleet tS60)! 2 ene ee eee 276
SOG te letale eee rete ceva oars 289, 290
ASTOS shou see oe 331, 334
TSS0b seas ese, 349
first arrivals of, 1868.-..-. 301
in Glouces-
ter, 1873., 322
at Newport, 1873......... 323
poor success of, 1858-..... 263, 264
sailing of, 1875...-.-----. 328
the first of the,
UE occeanace 322
slim doings of, 1856.....-.- 261, 262
success of, 1859 ........-- 269
IK Vis eociceeose 310
unfavorable news from,
1 See eececcseacean 278
unusual success of, 1867. . 296
limitjiofi mackereles) 222. --se-e= 3
South shore vessels, success of, 1870--..-.- 309, 310
SHOR ose qcesos ps sasccaoGncoOadodousEeasa 35, 36
effectiohiraimonse---esseheaee eee 36
temperature on...-...---- 36
Spawning season........--.---.---- 21, 22, 23, 24, 25
SJOUEGE 3 cosso sastotecossecone seonS5eec0s¢ 26
Spinalis\Gouldieeseres see -- esse eeee eee 15
SMUT obo tocaosssohdoocnecascondscos65 73, 74
Spofford, Mr. Amherst....-...-.-..------ 79
Spring fishery, 1838 .---.----...-.-.---... 232
ICO PA seapokebcécacsosase 268
TSG SS Seer se otcee eke 277
S61 aaa aca seen c 278
W866) svc senescent eenee 289
E867 Saschecccincsssseeee ace 295
VSGSi2- aeeee eee se cee 300
VWs aoeonbadaceoooc dessoe 311
UST Se ecree oe eee cencesece 322, 323
UG 4 sce sees See ae a 327
AST Ost entasmceas aeesece 329
ABTA eo Saecceds succes scott. 334
a EY enti Aer are ne set Be) 332
STS ise cos cceein eee wes 338
in Cape Ann Bay, 1870---. 311
Barnstable Bay, 1855. -- 259
Cape Cod Bay, 1861 ---- 277
at the Magdalen Islands,
OSH eee me rnecetesccecsse 265
on the United States coast,
success of 1853..-..-.--- 257
Spring: and Gulf fishery <-5----2---------- 276
SOINGSSe owe esa ssa eee Sete 7
Southermsfisheryeecseeeesrerseseee 112, 115
Springing@uphscseeeeeas cies eee eioeaceeece te 97
Squalus americanus. <----- -..--.----.-.- 71
Sty Georaewb tyiOb-neemeeeee ese eee eee 82, 282
@apemec-cosccccccmmeecessaos 82, 280
StsMangaretScss-sie oases se cccec—ee eee 316
Sts MaryisiBayzcewssinccee tases seee ue eene 4,13
HISTORY OF THE MACKEREL FISHERY.
. Page,
St. Lawrence Bay fleet, 1880...... ..----- 351
fishery, hostilities of
Canadians
cause loss
to Ameri-
can ves-
sels, 1870... 314
outlook for,
1S 66s eee 289
small catch,
Web escase 318
Gulf, favorable reports from,
ME} oscisacosodsoooac 281
fisheries of 1879 ...... 345-347
fishery, 1870..-..-.--. 311
US iGeseeseee 332
a new feature
fm, 1D een BD
review of,
UWsasoasce 343-344
and New England
coast fisheries, 1878. 340
surface temperatures
AD eee Sereyeesieecreee iste 34
St. Peter's Harbor .---------------------- 247
Staples, Capt. J.S.----- --.--.---. ------- 112
Sine lichen) case cacaso vooasc cqeddo ocaSde¢ 251
11GIN ojoso6 cdadco aeeonaosouuedooo9EcadN 30
Starbuck MiEmeercscrctnce cae: pare eines seer 202
Statistics of the inspection of mackerel
from 1804 to 1880...------ 162, 217
the mackerel fishery in 1880. 123, 125
WBINN® socescasco905560000805 193
Massachusetts ......--.-.-- 162, 163
New Hampshire...--..-.--- 202
United States .--..--.-..---. 203-206
Steele) Mm: George ------- ~~~. 2 = 2 158, 159
Stellwagen Banks -2-2.2-2 52. 02--scese.---- 33
Sirong, WiGe, \Wwovlbenrn ooo secodecsadesoosococ 311
SHOMUNCTIOM, sosebeSeonsoda 312
Siwanlsmislandee spencer eens 113
Sweden, south coast of..-....--..--.------ 4
Syidmeygeocds sacs so ace seiscetee te eeceneae 82, 284
arboreesec: ssc seeces seis sciicaee 300
Silives tere xe ese eee ee ise eae mtsteretees 315
Table of quantity and yalue of Canadian
fisheries,
1880. ...
130 |
[440]
Page.
Table of quantity and value of New Eng-
Jandfisheriess:S0n4-eeeeeeeeeeeer es 129
showing coastwise movements of the
maAckenreleee pee se eee 47, 48
the period and yearly dif-
ference in number of days
between the first appear-
ance of the herring and
the mackerel at the Mag-
dalen Islands from 1857 to
IVES SeenasAcseosbsedese 45
Tackle; new, fishing =~ sso - eal 77
Pallman:) MONE jase ee wc Melee eee 17
Darr, CapbBenjessts ise eae eee 219
WWE INOS cs sasesobsosoousasassooos 10
Temperature, effect of, onlocalmovements |
obmackerel?a3. aseeee eee 33, 34
Vari atiOnsiMessseacee ee peas 20
Terry, Capt. Russell D.......-.-.-......- 347
Thomas, Nathaniel.............--.--.--.- 119
AMMO Saaconneoon[ 204 soDOboesesess0a500 85
ADEN AIO] NOGE) soonotossssosenosccessorccos 15, 16, 17
iidestetie chro tenmererree era] ae seerearet 20
MUEMRGHAS caoocoscasoSssnasasoosobooccHsesa 26
Tolling or chumming up ..-.....--.-.---. 92
ANOHOE ISBNS = concascecconssonconsossscononS 333
AOA, Wawa AL. osseaccocosooneoasobacesan 317
Towns of Cape Cod built up by their fish-
GaGSY soa6 bbs sacsbocossdbenseeo osonssSese 248
Treat pMrwUin Senses sesso seeobeescscac 44
ABM i INO NE 4 COsccsscccessacsacescoess 239
Turner, Capt. James....-------..-------- 117
husketelslandSeesececest=reeet ee eter eee 250
United States and Canada fishery, 1873-
iste, UU) occaescsesose 209
ASHLEE eee BbbeebadaGada 48
fishery, 1831, 1834-1838, 1851,
1S64=188l eee eee eeeeeee eee 209
imports pickled mackerel,
1824-1841, 1850-1881 --...-. 211, 213
Unprofitableness of the mackerel fishery,
; UE eegascessosuendode 240
of the St. Lawrence Gulf
fishery, 1873-1877 ..... 336
\Wikheyaaye Ione! 5 oooas5 cone Ses cosesecoesEe 4
A\/emMiMe, Ws lbs ososo5coos0s ccspag sco: 315, 317, 320
Verrill eProtessORssee-eeceeceree eee eeeeee 4, 28, 33
WEEE soscasnesaeobebaccsooncacen 49, 52, 84, 85, 113
loss of, by destructive gale at St.
Lawrence Bay, 1853 -.......-..- 256
in the mackerel fleet, 1851..-....- 249, 250
and men engaged in the Glouces-
ter fishery, 1862..----.----..-.. 280
Vineyard Haven .....-..-.-- Pee enaoo 336
Tislandsteeesss-ce eee aeeee eee 47
Sound @epee eee eee eeeerer eee 12, 22, 107
Aas AAGOIDIN socasonncccn cacneosseseesoee 91
VEO, WIRES) coococnenasosonassseccuses 9
\au@n JEG se sccasesoscescorbescecosceess 34, 334
Watson, Capt. Edward.......-----..---.- 243
Capt. Nathaniel ............--.- 78, 79
Webb, Capt. Henry...-..-:....:..-.----. 22, 24
Weir at Cape Cod, big catch in a, 1869. .-. 307
Ulescoc 333
[441] REPORT OF COMMISSIONER
Page.
Weirs, good catchin Nova Scotia, 1877-... 333
pWielllee teense cet ois eyacteyarectonia wratereltrees 228, 248, 266
schooners, success of the, 1869.. 308
SOWUn: pen catalee sis wosemneeiseat 276
Wrestrimuliest ascetic qanigesi= s'stisges cen s 4,10
Wihales: 222 Jo5.0e0.2.feaeet ete Poscinscer 28
Wits bee ocean’ GhooccocqTesteneroescrr 9
AWibT Teves Mir ih see a eeiniseetem nice acclae 18, 39
Nvntmoren Captainnasseeectincs-ines =< cece 251
Wilcox Vir WivAlaaemeresste=c--cicccaicle 133, 135
SWitlicins WMir doe sas esetieiee ss cect Sache oe 23
Vigan Mey Croc oobesooapesSeoocuses 72, 159, 345
CaptHenrys-s ses -- ces cece ace i? ||
OF FISH AND FISHERIES.
Page.
Winds and tides, effects of........--..... 36, 37
Wanthrop mG OVernol--eteeaaeesee tee ee es 13
Winter quarters, seeking..-....-.-.-.... 30, 31
Waintennosplaccloienssneeeeee eee neee 40, 43
WironyCantaint 2. acmassimeoeeseeaaceee 243
Aivolie Wie, dinbo rs sess scomaccsosspocsice 136
Wronson) (Georcey i cjecres set. ete scion 220
DIO oysandancnonc sess cose onaso: 8, 220
Sammlele $5 sciac Sesiweeeaecese 219
iWioodmCapt, Charles sPesessesmeeenaerooes 224
Varmouthiessosseoee ssnaemeseee esas ceee ees 250
N.S., good catch at, 1851...... 248
Young mackerel, growth of.............. 24, 25
re ee
nate
+ Daeg
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ee ee
eras as
tAbaw eee. :
cae
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«dae an 0 hme
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asaeseve ; 2 : <5) wee
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2°38 Red FA eS
2 Sos
‘ 50204 222 ey a ne Pinor
gS A Oey anal pte ites SPA ee a areata act A
ese ie ee eK ARE ee nt z
Te ee ee ee ee COS ta 5
4 es 23%,
7 =~
AUT IO ei mt Ponta te ne Tee
; ; 2 PA e SSSR eRe ee PAS Ay OES
Sop SSM ey
BRP oe
C9 a me are Od oe
Seth thea Oe
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pis byte
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9.8 : :
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f ea : ; ; : eens gate
os