MEMOIRS
OF THE
AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
NUMBER 4
THE BLATTIDAE
OF PANAMA
BY
MORGAN HEBARD
JAN c
PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
AT THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
PHILADELPHIA
1919
THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
PHILADELPHIA
Founded 1859 Incorporated 1862
Organized as "The Entomological Society of Philadelphia,"
the present title was adopted February 11, 1867.
President
Henry Skinner
Vice-President
James A. G. Rehn
Corresponding Secretary Recording Secretary
Morgan Hebard George M. Greene
Treasurer
Ezra T. Cresson
Publication Committee Finance Committee Property Committee
James A. G. Rehn James A, G. Rehn Ezra T. Cresson, Jr.
Editor Chairman Librarian and Custodian
Ezra T. Cresson D. M. Castle Morgan Hebard
PhiUp P. Calvert Morgan Hebard Philip Laurent
Meetings held (alternately with those of the Entomological Section of the Academy
of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia) on the fourth Thursday of September, October,
November, January, February, March, April and May, and on the second Monday of
June and December (annual meeting). The offices, meeting room, library and collections
of the Society are in the Entomological Department of the Academy of Natural Sciences
of Philadelphia, Logan Square.
Serial Publications of the Society
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, volumes I- VI, 1861-1867. Out
of print and cannot be supplied.
Transactions of the American Entomological Society, volumes I-IV, out of print and can-
not be supplied; V-X, $5.00 per volume; XI-XLV, $4.00 per volume. Pubhshed in
annual volumes of quarterly parts.
The Practical Entomologist, volumes I-II, 1865-1867. Price, $1.00 for the two volumes.
Memoirs- of the American Entomological Society, number 1, 1916, price $2.00; number 2,
1917, price $4.50; number 3, 1919, price $1.50. Published irregularly.
Entomological News, volumes I-XXX. Price $2.00 per volume. Pubhshed in con-
junction with the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila-
delphia.
Various irregular, non-serial publications have been issued, which may be found in our
price lists under their respective authors.
To estabHsh the date of issue, each paper, as soon as completed, is placed on sale and
a copy of it is mailed to each of the following institutions, with a request that it be placed
in their library for reference.
Boston Society of Natural History Field Museum of Natural History
American Museum of Natural History California Academy of Sciences
Smithsonian Institution Entomological Society of Ontario
Separates of papers pubhshed in the Proceedings and Transactions, if not out of print*
can be supplied at prices given in our price lists, which are sent upon application, stating
order or orders desired. The Society has also inaugurated a system of subscription to
papers published by it on individual orders, which arrangement is of material benefit to
the student who desires promptly the literature on any special group, but who docs not
desire to .subscribe to entire volumes of the Transactions. A method of notification of the
appearance in its pubhcations of papers relating to individual orders or subjects has been
developed by the Society. Information concerning these arrangements supplied upon
application.
In sending subscriptions or in making inquiries relative to publications, address:
THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY,
PuBUCATioN Department,
The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia,
Logan Square.
MEMOIRS
OF THE
AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
NUMBER 4
THE BLATTIDAE
OF PANAMA
BY
MORGAN HEBARD
" '■•iif
JAN 6 ic?0
;-i. u-i£>2^
PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
AT THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
PHILADELPHIA
1919
This publication is sent. to
establisii date cf hrde.
Pleasn stamp d -te of racaipt
and place in your Library.
Issued January 5, IQ20.
Memoirs
OF THE
American Entomological Society
Number 4
the blattidae of panamai
By Morgan Hebard
During a brief visit made by the author to the Canal Zone, in
November, 1913, a few hours' collecting secured a small but inter-
esting series of Orthoptera. The Canal Zone, though not possess-
ing the altitudinal differentiation found in the Greater Antilles,
was at once seen to be much more productive than Jamaica, visited
during the same trip. This is partly due to the latter region being
further from the equator, but in much greater degree to its insular
character. In summing up, the Canal Zone might, indeed, be
said to be a compact and restricted area, excellent for a critical
faunistic study, the mingling in that region of forms from both
North and South America being a feature of jiarticular interest.
When the raeagcrness of the literature bearing on Panamanian
Orthoptera was noted,'- efforts were at once concentrated on secur-
1 The Dermaptera of Panama have already been studied and reported upon by Hebard
(Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xliii, pp. 301-334, (1917)). Thirty species were recorded, all but
one of which were represented in the collections studied.
2 In 1896, Grififini published two papers on Orthoptera from Panama (Boll. Mus. Zool.
Anat. comp. Univ. Torino, xi, no. 232, pp. i to 32, and xi, no. 236, pp. i to 12), in which
fifty-nine species were recorded, fifteen being described as new. The following year
Giglio-Tos pulilished an additional paper for this region (Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. comp.
Univ. Torino, xii, no. 301, j)p. i to 9), recording thirty-seven more species, of which six
were new.
In the Biologia Centrali-.Americana (1893 to 1909) all previous records of Orthoptera
from Panama were included, as well as the material assembled as a basis for that study.
In that paper a total of two hundred and twenty-five species were recorded, fifty of these
being described as new.
In addition to these papers, the literature was found to contain only scattered records
and descrij)tions of Panamanian s[)ecies.
MEM. .\M. ENT. SOC, 4.
2 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
ing sufficient material from the region to warrant publication of
the data assembled. A visit to the United States National Mu-
seum developed that a very large and thorough collection had inci-
dentally been made by men from that institution, and, through
the kindness of Mr. A. N. Caudell, this material was put in our
hands for study. For the small forms of the Blattidae, the excel-
lent representation studied is largely from that series, collected
principally by Mr. A. Busck. Considering the fact that he is a
Microlepidopterist and not an Orthopterist, we take pleasure in
congratulating him on the careful and thorough quality of his work.
Further material was secured by the author from Mr. James Zetek,
the total from that source being small, but containing some most
interesting forms. Finally, in 191 5, Mr. D. E. Harrower, who was
going to the Canal Zone for Lepidoptera, volunteered to collect
Orthoptera for the author as well. The series obtained by him
was large and contained many additional forms.
As the total material collected is now much larger than has ever
been assembled from one region in tropical America, it has been
decided to undertake a complete summary, based on all available
material from Panama, in America, with previous records and at
present unrepresented species included in the tables on pages 6 to
9, to make the present work complete. The present paper, as a
result, is a comprehensive summary of the Blattidae of the Canal
Zone and vicinity.
The Canal Zone and vicinity, with localities indicated at which
material studied in the present paper was taken, is shown in Plate
I of the present paper.
We would remark that, in the Canal Zone and vicinity, lowland
forests, marshes and limited open areas are the only types of
country encountered, and that almost all of the material here
studied, was taken in such environments. Very similar conditions
are found in southern and eastern Costa Rica and in eastern Nic-
aragua to the north, and probably in northwestern Columbia to
the south. Scarcely any work has, however, been done on the
Orthoptera in those regions, but this, when accomplished, we feel
certain will show a much wider distribution for many of the species
here considered, which at present are known from comparatively
limited areas on the Isthmus.
MORGAN HEBARD 3
The higher country in the vicinity of Chiriqui to the west has a
rich fauna, as is shown by the small collections made there for the
Biologia Centrali-Americana. This fauna probably contains a
great number of forms not found in the lowlands of Panama, many
of which are probably the same as those found in the highlands of
Costa Rica. In eastern Panama we believe that a different high-
land fauna will be encountered, showing the northernmost dis-
tribution of many of the mountain forest types which occur in
northwestern Colombia.
The material here studied was assembled by the following indi-
viduals for the collections noted: by A. Busck, E. A. Schwarz,
A. H. Jennings and W. Schaus for the United States National
Museum, and by D. E. Narrower and the author, for the author's
collection. Material was also taken by J. Zetek for both collec-
tions. We would note that in all cases Orthoptera was collected
as a side issue, except by the author, whose efforts in Panama were
limited to a few hours of field work. The tremendous number of
species of Blattidae which occur in any one region in tropical
America is well indicated when we consider these facts. We can
hardly consider that more than a beginning has been made in
studying the Blattidae of Panama. We have, however, had an
opportunity to locate certain difficult genera, associate the widely
different appearing sexes of certain species and obtain a better
general understanding of the American subfamilies of the Blattidae.
Taxonomy
We have been able to observe certain features which we
believe will be of considerable value in studying this difficult family.
Consideration of the specialization of the dorsal surface of the
male abdomen, supra-anal plate, concealed genitalia and subgenital
plate and styles, which is found in many species, has proved to be
a vital necessity. In the female sex the type of subgenital plate
has also been often found to be extremely important, but usually
of generic rather than specific value. The number and type of
pulvilli, armament of the ventral surface of the tarsi and develop-
ment of the arolium has proved to be useful in many ways, while
the asymmetry or specialization of the tarsal claws are features of
importance. Many of these characters have been casually con-
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
4 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
sidered or wholly overlooked in the past. We feel certain that the
difficulty in studying so large and complex a family will be greatly
lessened if they are properly considered in future work.
We would note the following features for the genera studied, or
compared, in the preparation of the present paper.
Dorsal surface of male abdomen specialized in Ceratinoptera,
Dettdroblatta, Eiidromiella, Latiblattella, A ntitheton, Rhytidometopum,
Supella, the Nahua Group of Neohlattella, Blattella, Ischnoptera,
Xestoblatta, Parcoblatta, Euphyllodromia, Pseiidophyllodromia
(Pseudomopinae) ; Chorisoneura [weakly] and Plectoptera [weakly]
(Oxyhaloinae).
Female subgenital plate valvular in Anaplecta (Ectobiinae) ;
all known genera of the Blattinae; Holocompsa, Hypercompsa,
Latindia, Compsodes, Melestora and Buboblatta (Corydiinae) :
with a medio-longitudinal cleft distad in Lissoblatta (Ectobiinae) ;
Euphyllodromia [strongly] (Pseudomopinae), and Chorisoneura
(Oxyhaloinae).
Tarsal claws asymmetrical in Ectobius, Eutheganopteryx, Phyllo-
dromica, Lissoblatta (Ectobiinae); Latiblattella, Antitheton (Pseudo-
mopinae); all genera except Megaloblatta of the Nyctiborinae,
and Chorisoneura (Oxyhaloinae) : specialized in Chorisoblatta (Ecto-
biinae); Neoblattella, Cariblatta, Lophojnetopum (Pseudomopinae),
and Plectoptera (Oxyhaloinae).
We feel more than ever satisfied that it will be impossible to
separate the subfamilies of the Blattidae by a few definite and
readily discernible features. We have found a valvular female
subgenital plate in several subfamilies besides the Blattinae,
though this was supposed to be characteristic of that subfamily.
The tarsal claws are asymmetrical in all the genera of the Nycti-
borinae except Megaloblatta, but this feature appears in a number
of genera clearly belonging to other subfamilies. The hooded
pronotum, characteristic of almost all forms of the Perisphaerinae,
is very weakly indicated, particularly in the male sex, in Colap-
teroblatta, a genus belonging to that subfamily, though we feel no
doubt as to the proper assignment of this genus. The ulnar vein
without branches, once supposed to separate definitely all of the
Ectobiinae, was correctly determined by Shelford to have excep-
tions in that subfamily and to be a feature occasionally met with
MORGAN HEBARD 5
elsewhere, while the transverse supra-anal plate, for a time given
as characteristic of that subfamily, is also worthless for any such
purpose. Indeed, certain species of the Oxyhaloid genus Choris-
oneura have a strongly transverse supra-anal plate, while others
have the supra-anal plate triangularly produced. Thus we are
forced to the conclusion that a general facies, produced by a combi-
nation of subtle characters, will be found the criterion for placing gen-
era in their proper subfamilies. In most cases this is not a difficult
matter to the experienced student. A Nyctiborine, Panchlorine,
Blaberine or other subfamily facies is readily noted. In some
groups, however, and usually among those showing adaptation to
peculiar modes of living, particularly through atrophy of tegmina,
wings and limb armament, such assignment may prove to be
extremely difficult. .\A'e have not been able to assign such genera
as Hyporhicnoda, Pycnosceloides, Colapterohlatta and Litopeltis
without long continued study and comparison with all the genera
which exhibited resemblance of any kind. In regard to Anaplecta,
we feel no hesitancy in placing the genus in the Ectobiinae, particu-
larly after finding that the genus Lissoblatta, though of close gen-
eral similarity to Anaplecta, showed a number of characters agree-
ing instead with Ectobiiis and its nearer allies.
As to Chorisoueura and Plectoptera, the unarmed ventral femoral
margins lead us to the conclusion that it is best to assign these
genera to the Oxyhaloinae. Both are distinctive and widely
separated from any other known genera, both in different ways
show many indications of apparent approach to the Anaplecta.
and particularly to the Lissoblatta, type. Whether this is conver-
gence toward that section of the Ectobiinae, or indicates common
ancestry, we are unable to state. We do feel, however, that until
much more work is done in the Blattidae, these genera had best be
left in the Oxyhaloinae.
The large unworked collections, frequently referred to while
studying the present material, show that a mere beginning has
been made on a modern classification of the Blattidae of tropical
America. The multitude of as yet undescribed genera and species,
when studied, will undoubtedly throw much light on many of the
problems which at present can hardly be solved.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
6 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
We wish to thank most heartily Mr. A. N. Caudell of the
United States National Museum for the opportunity to study the
material belonging to that institution, and Mr. James A. G. Rehn,
whose unceasing energy has now built up an extremely extensive
determined collection at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phil-
adelphia, invaluable for reference in studies such as the present.
In the present paper eight hundred and ninety-four Panamanian
specimens are treated, representing forty-seven genera and ninety-
three species and races, of which ten genera and thirty-seven
species are described as new.
From the literature we find that ten additional species have
been recorded from Panama, bringing the total of genera and spe-
cies known from that region to fifty-three genera and one hundred
and three species. These species are tabulated below, their known
distribution in North America, Panama, South America and the
West Indies being indicated by asterisks, those having close affin-
ity to other species occurring in the area checked being indicated
by an "a".
We would remark that but two species, not including those
generally distributed through all or the greater portion of tropical
America, are also found in the West Indies, that forty-nine are
known only from Panama, twenty-five from Panama and north-
ward, nine from Panama southward and eighteen from Panama and
North and South America. Two species are known from North
and South America but have not yet been found in Panama.
Though we find the influence from North America stronger than
from South America in the Canal Zone, we do not believe it to be
as much greater as is indicated by the above figures, considering
that a much greater amount of work has been done in Central
America than in northern South America.
Species North South West
America Panama America Indies
ECTOBIINAE
Lissoblalta fulgida * * — —
Lissoblatta flahellata * * — - —
Anaplecta lateralis — ■ * * —
Anaplecta asema * * — —
Anaplecta sordida — * — —
A naplecta gemma — * — —
Anaplecta hemiscotia — * — —
Anaplecta cabinme — * — —
MORGAN HEBARD 7
Species North South West
America Panama America Indies
PSEUDOMOPINAE
Euthlastoblatta compsa — * — —
Ceratinoptcra picta * * * —
Dendrohlatta sobrina * * * —
Aglaopteryx lita a * — a
Endromiella bicolorata — * — —
Latiblattella inornata a * — • —
LatiblatteUa angustifrons a * — —
Macrophyllodromia splendida a * — —
Chromatonotiis hetenis — • * a a
Chromatonotiis lamprus — * a a
Rhytidometopum megaloptenim — * — —
SiipcUa siipeUectilium * * * *
Carihlatta imitans a * a a
Neoblattella fratercula * * — —
NeoblatteUa acanthastylata — * — —
Neoblattella panamae — * — —
Neoblattella inipar — * — — •
Neoblattetla chagrensis — * — —
Neoblattella nahiia * * — —
Neoblattella fraterna * * — —
Loplwmetopum leptum — * — —
Blattella germanica * * * *
Ischnoptera vox — * a —
Ischnoptera riifa rufa — * * *
Ischnoptera rufa occidental is * * — —
Ischnoptera gatunae — * — —
Ischnoptera bergrothi * * — —
Ischnoptera inca * * — —
Ischnoptera mirella — * — —
Ischnoptera pa?iamae — * — —
Xestoblatta festae — * — —
Xestoblatta inimaculata — * — —
Euphyllodromia angustata * * — —
Euphyllodromia decastigmata — * — —
Pseudomops aurantiaca^ — * — —
Pseudoniops gloriosa a * — —
^ Kirby has placed this name in the synonymy under Pseudomops deceptura Walker,
described from Para, Brazil. Examination of the types, we believe, will show these
species to be closely related but distinct.
MEM. am. ENT. SOC, 4.
THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Species North
America Panama
NYCTIBORINAE
Nydibora noctivaga * *
Eunyctihora nigrocincta — *
Paratropes biolleyi * *
Paratropes bilunata * *
Paratropes p-inoganae ' — *
Megaloblatta blaber aides * *
EPILAMPRINAE
Calolampra brevitarsis — *
Audreia bromeliadanim — *
Andreia gatimae — *
Epilampra azteca * *
Epilampra maya * *
Epilampra colonibiana * *
Epilampra mexicana * *
Epilampra conspersa * *
Hyporhicnoda reflexa * *
BLATTINAE
Lamproblatta albipalpiis — *
Pelmatosilpha rotitiidata — *
Pelmatosilpha villana — *
Eurycotis biolleyi * . *
Eurycotis pluto — *
Neostylopyga rhombifolia * —
Blatta orientalis * —
Periplaneta americana * *
Periplaneta hrunnea * *
Periplaneta australasiae * *
PANCHLORINAE
Leucophaea maderae * *
Pycnoscelus surinamensis * *
Pycnosceloides aporus * *
Panchlora cubensis * *
Panchlora exoleta — *
Panchlora colombiae — *
Panchlora minor * *
Panchlora translitcida * *
Panchlora cribrosa — *
Achroblatta luteola * *
Pkorlioeca phoraspoides * *
CapHcinella delicatitla — *
South
Ail ERICA
West
Indies
MORGAN HEBARD 9
Species North South West
America Panama America Indies
BLABERIXAE
Archimandrita tesseUata * * * —
Blaberus colosseiis * * * —
Blaberiis discoidalis — * * *
Eiiblaberus biolleyi * * — —
Eublaberus posticus — * * —
Cacoblatta scabra — * — —
CORYDIINAE
Holocompsa nitidula * * * *
Holocompsa panamae • — * — —
Hypercompsa fieberi — * * —
Latindia dohrniana * * — —
Compsodes cucidlatiis * * — —
Melestora micra — * — —
Buboblatta armata — * — —
OXYHALOIXAE
Calhypnorna amoena — * — —
Calhypnotna pulcheUa — * — —
Chorisoneura parishi — * * —
Chorisonenra panamae — * — —
Chorisoneura Jiiscipennis — * — —
Chorisoneura translucida * * * —
Chorisoneura cabimae — * — —
Chorisoneura specilliger — * — —
Chorisoneura gemmicula — * — —
Plectoptera pulicaria — * — —
PERISPHAERIXAE
Litopeltis bispinosa — * — —
There are in addition a number of species recorded from both
North and South America, but in all cases we feel that there is
considerable uncertainty as to whether one and the same species
is represented.
The following records from Panama we have reason to believe
to be incorrect.
1896. B[latta] vitrea (.liftini, lioll. .Mus. Zool. Anat. conip. Univ. Torino, xi, no.
236, |). I. [/ectoja??.voHi Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent.-Am., Orth., i, p. 29.,
pi. iii, fig. 4, pi. iv, tigs. 9 and 16. [Chontales, Nicaragua.]
Porto Bello, Panama, II, 15 and III, 15, 1911, (Busck), id", i juv.cT, (juv. cf,
dark).
Rio Trinidad, Pan., \', 7, 191 1, (Busck; on Citrus), I 9, (dark), 2 juv. 9.
Bohio, Canal Zone, Pan., II, 7, 191 1, (Schwarz), i 9, (dark).
Paraiso, C. Z., Pan.. I. 14 to IV, 14, 191 1, (Schwarz), 20", 4 9, (i cf, 3 9, dark;
I 9, dark with banded tegmina).
Panama, Pan., \T, 1915, (Harrower), i c?', (moderately dark).
Calidoma Road, Pan.. IV, 12, 191 1, (Jennings), i d^, i 9, i juv., (all pale).
MEM. ENT. \M. SOC, 4.
12 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
The series at hand shows conclusively that jansoni is merely
a dark color phase of the present species, unworthy of nominal
recognition.
Color. — In the present material four males, one female and one
immature are shining hazel in general coloration. Of these,
several are less reddish than the others, approaching ochraceous-
tawny. All but one of the remaining specimens are darker,
shining chestnut in general coloration, with one individual alone
having the underparts as pale as in the light examples.
A single female is shining burnt sienna in general coloration,
with tegmina distinctively marked proximad and mesad with
moderately broad transverse bands of blackish brown, of which
the median band is the wider.
The value of these color features would be more difficult to de-
termine were it not known that similar and fully as remarkable
color differences occur in the allied L. flabellata. Moreover, in
the present series, other less noticeable but far more important
features of coloration are common to all individuals. Those
particularly noteworthy are: the maxillary palpi which are pale,
with distal half of fourth and entire fifth joint very dark blackish;
the pale antennae, spines of the limbs and tarsal joints. The
color of the cerci, however, varies in accord with the individual
general coloration.
Structure. — In the present insect the styles of the male subgenital
plate are asymmetrical: the sinistral small and ovoid, situated on
the dorsal surface of the plate at the margin and directed dorsad;
immediately dextrad is situated a smaller dark chitinous projection
directed caudad, with thorn-like distal portion curving ventrad;
the margin between this process and the dextral style is weakly
produced; dextral style nearly three times as long as sinistral,
broader at base, tapering gently to the rounded apex, situated on
the free margin and directed mesad along that margin.
Ootheca. — One female is at hand with ootheca partially extruded,
carried horizontal. The ootheca has the suture supplied with
rather widely spaced minute nodes, while a well-developed
longitudinal carina is situated on each side about one-third the
distance from the suture to the ventral margin.
MORGAN HEBARD I 3
Lissoblatta flabellata (Saussurc ami Zehntner)
1893. Anaplecta flabellata Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. -Am., Orth., i, p.
29, pi. iii, fig. I, pi. iv, figs. 13 and 14. [cf , 9 : Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico; Chacoj,
Vera Paz, Guatemala; Bugaba, Panama.]
Porto Belle, Panama, III, 10 and 13, 1911, (Schwarz, Busck), 2 9.
Paraiso, Canal Zone, Pan., I, 20 and II, 6, 191 1, (Schwarz), I cf , i 9.
Color. — The present specimens have immaculate tegmina. A
Guatemalan series of twenty-four specimens, at hand, shows all
the transitions from this type to the one having the tegmina heav-
ily marked with two distinct transverse dark nebulous bands.
This variation was also noted by the original authors.
Ootheca. — A female, with ootheca slightly less e.xtruded than in
the specimen of L. fidgida discussed, is before us. In the present
case the suture is dorsad. The structure of the ootheca is very
similar in these two species. The position in which the ootheca
is carried would, from this evidence, again aj^jx'ar to ha\e little or
no significance in systematic work in the Blattidae.^
ANAPLECTA Burmeister
1838. Anaplecta Burmeister, Handb. Ent., ii, abth. ii, pt. i, \). 494.
Genotype: Anaplecta lateralis Burmeister, selected by Kirby,
1904.*^
The present genus, from the determined and undetermined
material at hand, is seen to be one of the largest of the Blattidae.
A great number of species apparently fall into the Lateralis Group,
including very small forms, uniform and dark in coloration, with
pronotum laterad and tegmina latero-proximad narrowly margined
with whitish or buffy. That this group may recjuire further divi-
sion is shown by the fact that some of the sj^ecies ha\e compara-
tively simply developed appendages of the male subgenital plate,
while in others these appendages are highly specialized. In addi-
tion, the wing development and venation shows some differentia-
tion in certain forms. The difficulty of group assignment is
increased by finding certain species of wholly different coloration,
such as A. asema and A. sordida here described, which in structural
features show nearest relationshij:) to forms ha\ing the character-
istic coloration of this group.
* See Hebard, Mem. Am. Ent. Soc, 2, p. 55 and p. 146, (1917).
6 Syn. Cat. Orth., i, p. 66.
MEM. AM. EXT. SOC, 4.
14 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
The species having two striking longitudinal markings on the
pronotum appear to be assignable to the Bivittata Group, these
are more elongate and usually decidedly larger than the species of
the Lateralis Group. Here again similar difficulty in delimiting
the unit occurs, the pronotal markings being sometimes fused to
different degrees, as in ^. hemiscotia here described, or absent, as
in A. gemma here described, structural features again obliging us
to place these species with others which agree more closely in
striking features of color pattern.
Still other species, such as A. dohrnia^ia Saussure and Zehntner,
and A. cahimae here described, clearly represent other distinctive
and widely separated groups.
We feel satisfied that revision of the genus will show it to be
comparatively homogeneous for so large a unit, but composed of
a number of readily recognizable groups. This is one of the few
genera of the Blattidae, which does not include domiciliary forms,
found both in Africa and America.
The following features of limb armament we find characteristic
of Anaplecta. Cephalic femora with ventro-cephalic margin
armed with a long row of moderately closely placed, short, micro-
scopic, piliform spines, terminating in two elongate distal spines, of
which the more distal is slightly the longer; ventro-caudal margin
supplied with a few stiff elongate hairs and (none to four) elongate
spines, distad with or without a single elongate distal spine. Me-
dian and caudal femora with ventral margins supplied with a few
stiff elongate hairs and elongate spines (one to four, the greater
number always on the cephalic margin), all with a single elongate
distal spine. Caudal tarsi without pulvilli, or with ventral sur-
face of very small fourth joint alone fully occupied by a pulvillus.
Arolia vestigial in species lacking pulvillus, moderately large in
other species.
Key to the Panamanian Species of Anaplecta
This key is not of any diagnostic importance; it is given merely as a guide to the
species here considered.
(Medio-discoidal area of wings with a distal longitudinal veinlet in all but A.
cabimae.)
A. Disk of pronotum unicolorous, tegmina immaculate.
B. Disk of pronotum and tegmina Ijlackish brown.
MORGAN HEBARD I 5
C. Tegmina with costal margin narrowly but distinctly whitish.
lateralis Burmeistcr
CC. Tegmina blackish brown with marginal field only slightly paler.
sordida new species
BB. Disk of pronotum and tegmina pale, ochraceous.
C. Size larger, form moderately slender asema new species
CC. Size smaller, form less slender, Plectoptera-Vike . . . .cabimae new species
AA. Disk of pronotum with two longitudinal dark bands or with tegmina strikingly
maculate.
B. Disk of pronotum moderately pale, with two indistinct longitudinal dark
suffusions. Tegmina ochraceous with a small, sharply defined, nearly rectangular
marking of blackish brown proximad in the discoidal field. . . .gemma new species
BB. Disk of pronotum pale, (normally) with two striking longitudinal dark bands.
Tegmina with the dark brown of the anal and discoidal fields gradually fading
into the ochraceous of the inner margin of the discoidal field and remaining por-
tions hemiscotia new species
Anaplecta lateralis Burmeister (Plate II, figures 3 and 4.)
1838. A[naplecta] lateralis Burmeister, Handb. Ent., ii, abth. ii, pt. i, p. 494.
[Colombia.]
Porto Bello, Panama, I\\ 17 and 21, 191 1, (Busck), 60^, i 9.
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., VH, 17 to 23, 1916, (Harrower), i 9.
Alhajuela, Pan., Ill, 6 to IV, 19, 191 1 and 1912, (Busck), i(f, 2 9.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., V, 2 to \T, 6, 191 1 and 1912, (Busck), 16 cf, 17 9.
Tabernilla, C. Z., Pan., V, 7 to VI, 14, 1907, (Busck), 11 c^, 22 9.
Cabima, Pan., V, 20 and 22, 191 1, (Busck), 2 9.
Corozal, C. Z., Pan., IV, 27, 191 1, (Busck), i cT.
Old Panama, Pan., XI, 13, 1913, (Hebard; under drift on edge of coral sand
beach), 2 9 .
Chorrera, Pan., V, 17, 1912, (Busck), i 9.
To the present species Saussure's A. jallax shows nearest rela-
tionship, of which species a series is before us representing locaUties
from Mexico to Costa Rica.
That the Lateralis Group is large and includes many species
superficially very similar, is well demonstrated by numerous Cen-
tral and South American examples before us. The male genitalia,
though not widely differing in some of the species, we believe
afford in themselves diagnostic differences for all the species of
this group.
Little variation is noted in the large series of the present species
at hand. The tegmina in all extend slightly beyond the apex
of the abdomen, if the abdominal segments are in normal position.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
1 6 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
The length from occiput to apex of tegmina ranges in the series
from 5 to 5.8 mm., the smallest examples being males. The body
length averages 4.5 mm. in the males, 5 mm. in the females. This
agrees with Brunner's diagnosis of what he believed to be the female
type, but is larger than the dimension given that specimen by Bur-
meister. In general coloration the great majority are shining
blackish brown, the remainder vary to as light as amber brown.
These paler examples may very possibly have been captured before
they had fully hardened and consequently before they had reached
their normal adult depth of coloration.
In the present species the costal veins are distinctly clubbed dis-
tad; this is not true of the closely related A. fallax.
Ootheca. — One female is at hand with ootheca almost fully ex-
truded, carried with suture dorsad. This ootheca closely resem-
bles that discussed under A. hemiscotia, here described, differing
only in having the suture even higher, its height equalling nearly
half the distance from its base to the ventral margin, and with
dorsal surface of suture more finely sculptured in similar fashion.
It will be noted that this is a type of ootheca very widely dis-
tinct from that of Lissoblatta fulgida (Saussure) .
Anaplecta asema^ new species (Plate II, figure 5).
Apparently related to A. azteca Saussure,^ differing in the cephalic
coloration, tegminal apices, which are slightly more acute, and
slightly shorter wings with different coloration of area of costal
veins and of branches of axillary vein at base of appendicular field.
Type. — 9 ; Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama. July .25 to 31, 1916.
(D. E. narrower.) [Hebard Collection, Type no. 431.]
Size small, form moderately slender as in azteca. Head distinctly longer than
broad; interocellar area forming, with margins of ocellar areas, a decided projecting
but rounded ridge above each antennal socket; ocellar spots distinct. Pronotum
rectangulato-oval, narrowing very slightly more cephalad than caudad; surface
weakly convex, showing moderate latero-caudal flattening of the disk. Tegmina
narrow, costal margin weakly convex to the sharply rounded apex; costal veins
numerous (ten), simple; discoidal sectors few (four).^ Wings proportionately
^ From ao-TjAta = without distinctive marking.
' A series of this species, including topotypic material, is before us.
' In all of the American species examined these sectors are longitudinal and composed
of the median vein with one to three rami, and the ulnar vein, sometimes with one ramus,
except in A. domeslica Saussure and Zehntner and A. cabimae, here described, in which
the median and ulnar veins have no rami.
MORGAN HEBARD I 7
broader than in azteca; costal veins (eight) weakly arcuate and strongly clubbed
distad; medio-discoidal area large with two transverse veinlets, the more distal
oblique and sending from slightly below the mesal point a longitudinal branch
distad; appendicular field in length about two-fifths that of remaining portion of
wing, length equal to width. (The features given below are characteristic of the
species of the genus.) Supra-anal plate transverse; free margin evenly convex,
with numerous hairs. Subgenital plate roundly produced with medio-distal
area defined proximad by a transverse sulcus and cleft medio-longitudinally.'"
Limbs slender. Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora with (two) very slender
and elongate proximal spines, succeeded by a row of microscopic, very short, rather
closely set spinulae, terminated distad by two very slender spines, very elongate in
increasing ratio distad. Ventro-caudal margins of all femora with a few hairs.
Ventro-cephalic margins of median and caudal femora with a few elongate, slender
"spines. Tarsi very elongate ;'i claws of last joint very delicate, elongate; arolium
minute.
General coloration ochraceous-buff, disk of pronotum slightly darkened. Head
with occiput ochraceous-buflf'- to a moderately broad, transverse band of prout's
brown between the ocellar areas; below ochraceous-buff, faintly clouded in places
with prout's brown; eyes blackish brown; ocelli light buff. Wings hyaline, weakly
iridescent, washed weakly with prout's brown, except in area of costal veins toward
their bases and in appendicular field where they are heavily washed with this color;
area of costal veins where they are clubbed, and narrow area at the extremities of
the rami of the axillary vein bordering the appendicular field, ochraceous-bufT.i^
Allotype. — cf ; Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama. May 13, 1907.
(A. Busck.) [United States National Museum.]
Agrees fully with type except in the following features. Abdomen more slender,
as would be expected in the male sex. Supra-anal plate remarkably specialized:
about twice as wide as long, free margin bracket-shaped, with slightly produced
mesal apex deflexed; dorsal surface of plate deeply impressed, forming a large meso-
proximal depression, about which the caudal margin of the preceding segment is
roundly emarginate; three-fifths the distance to the free margin of the supra-anal
plate is a low transverse ridge, heavily clothed on its cephalic face with long stiff
hairs directed cephalad, which tuft of hairs nearly fills the depressed area of this
plate. Subgenital plate simple, slightly the more produced dextrad; free margin
curving evenly at dextro-caudal angle, the small simple style there situated elongate
conical, about twice as long as basal width; margin interrupted at sinistro-caudal
'" This is one of the types of female subgenital plate in the Blattidae which we term
valvular. See plate II, fig. 4.
'1 The pulvilli arc either entirely absent or so minute as to be indistinguishable under
the highest magnification of a Zeiss binocular.
12 In two males before us the ridge between the eyes is cream color, broadening mesad
into a large triangular patch, with apex ventrad.
" In one paratype before us these markings are even more decided. This feature has
been accessible for study only in the few individuals of which the wings have been spread.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
1 8 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
angle by a minute transverse ledge with its free margin straight, on "which at its
inner extremity is situated the sinistral style, this style springing from a socket and
similar to but slightly larger than the dextral style.
We would note that the remarkable supra-anal j^late here described is a type
common to a number of the related species of Anaplecta.
Measurements {in millimetersy*
j7\ Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
Tabernilla, o//o/3'/)e 6.3 1.4 2 5.6 1.8
Tabernilla, paratype .... 5.4 1.4 1.9 5.3 1.7
Tabernil la, ^ara/v/)e ... . 5.5 1.5 2 5.6 1.8
9
Cor ozaX, type 5.2 1.6 2.1 5.6 1.7
Corozal, ^ara/3'^e 6.2 1.6 2 5.8 1.8'
Tabernilla, paratype .... 5.5 1.6 2 5.2 1.8
In addition to the type and allotype, we have before us the fol-
lowing material, of which the Panamanian examples are designated
paratypes.
Cacao, Trece Aguas, Alta Vera Paz, Guatemala, III, 27 to V, 15, 1906, (Barber,
Schwarz), 2 (f , 3 9, [United States National Museum].
Trinidad River, Panama, VI, 3, 1912, (Busck), i ?.
Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Pan., V, 13 to VI, 8, 1907, (Busck), 2cf , 29.
Corozal, C. Z., Pan., XI, 17, 1913, (Hebard; under dead leaves in jungle), i 9.
Anaplecta sordida new species (Plate II, figure 6.)
The present insect agrees closely with A. asema in wing venation,
but differs in the very dark general coloration, head with less
prominent borders of the ocellar areas, less acuminate tegmina and
proportionately less ample appendicular field of the wings. The
male sex of this species being unknown, we are less able to state
definitely its position in the genus.
Of the other very dark species without pale tegminal margins,
we find from the description that, besides differing in other features,
A. otomia Saussure, is distinctive in the decidedly rcflexed lateral
margins of the pronotum and tegmina, while A. dohrniana Saus-
sure and Zehntner belongs to a different group, in which the wings
have the medio-discoidal area showing no longitudinal distal vein.
" We find that for several of Saussure's species of the genus, determined with full satis-
faction in other respects, our material is distinctly smaller than the measurements given
by that author. This is true of our series of the Mexican azteca, the typical series of
which we do not believe will be found to show as much size difference from the present
insect as Saussure's original description (Miss. Sci. Mex., Rech. Zool., vi, p. 17, (1870))
would indicate.
MORGAN HEBARD I9
Type.^ 9 ; Porto Bello, Panama. August 18 to 21, 1916.
(D. E. Harrower.) [Hebard Collection, Type no. 428.]
Size small, form somewhat broader than in asema. Head appreciably longer
than broad, these proportions not as contrasting as in asema, interocellar area
forming, with margins of ocellar areas, a distinct ridge above each antennal socket,
this ridge not projecting as much as in asema; ocellar spots distinct. Pronotum
trapezoid-oval, narrowing distinctly more cephalad than caudad; surface weakly
convex, showing shallow but distinct latero-caudal transverse sulci of disk. Teg-
mina narrow, costal margin weakly convex to the narrowly rounded apex; costal
veins numerous (twelve) and faintly enlarged distad; discoidal sectors few (four).
Wings proportionately not as broad as in asema, much as in yl. azteca, venation
much as in those species; costal veins (nine) heavily clubbed distad; medio-dis-
coidal area as described for asema; appendicular field in length about half that of
remaining portion of wing, length slightly greater than width. Supra-anal
and subgenital plates and armament of limbs as typical for genus, described under
asema.
General coloration shining blackish brown. Head uniform, deep ochraceous-
tawny; eyes blackish brown. Antennae ochraceous-buff proximad, deepening
immediately to blackish brown. Lateral margins of pronotum and marginal field
of tegmina transparent, tinged with prout's brown; remaining portions of tegmina
translucent, deep, rich prout's brown. Abdomen blackish brown; limbs of same
coloration shading to buckthorn brown distad. Cerci buckthorn brown.
Length of body, 5.4; length of pronotum, 1.4; width of pronotum, 2; length of
tegmen, 5.1; width of tegmen, 1.8 mm.
In addition to the type, a single paratypic example is at hand.
Cabima, Panama, V, 22, 1911, (Busck), i 9.
This specimen differs in having the head shining blackish brown
except for a transverse rectangular area between the ocellar spots
which is ochraceous-tawny, while the antennae, cerci and distal
portions of the limbs are paler, ochraceous-buff.
Length of body, 5.7; length of pronotum, 1.4; width of prono-
tum, 1.9; length of tegmen, 5.2; width of tegmen, 2 mm.
Anaplecta gemma new species (Plate H, figure 7.)
This beautiful insect is a member of the Bivittata Group^^
of the species of which it has the characteristic dark markings
least extensive. It differs from A. bivittata Brunncr, "^ in the very
weakly suggested dark markings of the pronotum, the distinctly
less extensive dark marking of the tegmina and in the greater size.
'^ We have commented upon this group under A. hemiscolia on page 20.
'^ A single male of that species, recently recorded by Rehn, from Igarape-Assu, Brazil,
is in the Academy collection.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
20 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
The male sex of the present species is unknown, and we are con-
sequently unable to compare the genitalia, which we believe, from
examination of males of other species of the group in the unstudied
material before us, will be found to be very distinctive.
Type. — 9; Porto Bello, Panama. August i8 to 20, 1916.
(D. E. Harrower.) [Hebard Collection, Type no. 429.]
Size small, form slender; much as in vl. hemiscotia. Head distinctly longer than
broad ; ridges above antennal sockets nearly as decided as in ^ . asema ; ocellar spots
distinct. Pronotum much as in hemiscotia. Tegmina narrow; costal margin weakly
convex to the narrowly rounded apex; costal veins numerous (twelve), simple; dis-
coidal sectors few (five). Wings elongate, not proportionately as broad as in
asema, in this respect as in ^1. sordida; costal veins (nine) rather heavily clubbed
distad; medio-discoidal area large with four transverse veinlets, the distal veinlet
angulate one-third its length from median vein, sending from this angle a longi-
tudinal branch distad; appendicular field in length slightly more than two-fifths
the length of the remaining portion of the wing, length equal to width. Supra-anal
and subgenital plates and armament of limbs as typical for genus, described under
asema.
General coloration rather pale. Head uniform dresden brown, ocellar spots
bufify. Pronotum with lateral margins hyaline tinged with buffy, mesal portion
ochraceous-buff, laterad with prout's brown sufTusions cephalad, mesad and caudad.^^
Tegmina transparent, heavily tinged with yellow ocher, this strongest distad, with
a sharply defined, small, roughly oval, blackish chestnut brown patch meso-prox-
imad in the discoidal field, which sends a weak ray of the same color proximad along
the humeral trunk. Abdomen prout's brown; limbs warm butT; cerci buffy suf-
fused with prout's brown.
Length of body, 6.7; length of pronotum, 1.7; width of pronotum, 2.3; length of
tegmen, 6.8; width of tegmen, 1.8 mm.
The type is unique.
Anaplecta hemiscotia^* new species (Plate H, figure 8.)
The present species is a member of the Bivittata Group, the
majority of the species of which have two striking dark longitu-
dinal markings on the pronotum ;^'-' this is also true of mexicana and
its nearer allies, which species are, however, larger, pale in general
coloration and more elongate.
1^ These suffusions clearly analogous in the present species to the striking longitudinal
bands found in bivittata, analisignata and hemiscotia.
1** From i7yui-(T/(6Tta = half dusky.
'^ There are species, however, which should be referred to this group, which have the
dark pronotal markings less sharply linear. This is shown to a decided degree in A.
gemma, here described.
MORGAN HEBARD 21
When compared with the species of apparently nearest relation-
ship, A. hivittata Brunner,2o the present insect is found to have the
head differently marked, the vertex not being solidly dark, the
tegmina differently bicolored and lacking a distinctive meso-prox-
imal dark blotch and the male genitalia showing very distinctive
features.
Compared with A. analisignata Rehn, the present insect is seen
to be larger with very different head and tegminal color pattern. 21
The tegminal coloration in the present species is very distinctive,
though undoubtedly derived from the same type as that found in
gemma, bivittata and analisignata.
Type. — d" ; Corozal, Canal Zone, Panama. November 17, 191 3.
(M. Hebard.) [Hebard Collection, Type no. 430.]
Size small, form slender, slightly more so than in .4. azteca or ^1. asema. Head
distinctly longer than broad; ridges above antennal sockets distinct, not as decided
as in asema, not as weak as in ^ . sordida ; ocellar spots distinct. Pronotum rectangu-
late-oval narrowing very slightly more cephalad than caudad; surface weakly con-
vex, showing small but distinct latero-caudal transverse sulci of the disk.- Teg-
mina narrow; costal margin weakly con\-ex to the narrowly rounded apex; costal
veins numerous (twelve), simple; discoidal sectors few (five).^^ Wings moderately
broad; costal veins (seven; seven to nine in the series) strongly clubbed distad;
medio-discoidal area large with two (to three in the series) transverse veinlets,
the more distal oblique and sending from near its base at the median vein a weakly
oblique longitudinal branch distad; appendicular field in length about two-fifths
that of remaining portion of wing, length equal to width.
Supra-anal plate moderately transverse; lateral margins convergent, rounding
broadly into distal feebly convex portion without angulation, supplied with numer-
ous hairs; dorsal surface highly specialized as in asema. Subgenital plate produced
scoop-shaped, lateral portions perpendicular: sinistral margin straight produced
and weakly declivent to a ver>' wide, more strongly declivent and oblique socket,
20 A single male of this species, recently recorded by Rehn from Igarape-Assu, Brazil,
in the Academy Collection, is employed for this comparison. ^
2' The abdomen is missing in the type and genital comparisons in consequence can not
be made. In the remaining described species of the group, A. pallida Bolivar, the teg-
mina are uniform testaceous.
22 In forms of the present genus in which these sulci are more distinct, smaller latero-
cephalic transverse sulci are sometimes feebly indicated.
23 In some specimens of the series an additional longitudinal vein is weakly defined,
distad only, between the discoidal and median veins. This is true for many species of
the genus. The number of discoidal sectors varies individually, occasional specimens
showing an ulnar ramus or a supplementary ramus of the median vein. The unimpor-
tant character of these is shown by the fact that such rami are frequently found in one
tegmen and not in the other of the same specimen.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
22 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
from which springs the sinistral style; distal margin from this point briefly convex
nearly to the small dextral style socket, the greatest convexity slightly dextrad of
the mesal point; dextral margin over half again as long as sinistral margin, likewise
straight produced and weakly declivent from its base. Sinistral style directed
mesad and nearly reaching dextral style; elongate, tapering from stout base to
slender cylindrical portion before apex, apex flattened and roundly angulato-pro-
duced caudad, with a projecting, straight, aciculate production at its ventro-distal
margin. 24 Dextral style minute, cylindrical with rounded apex, vertical, three
times as long as wide, about one-third as long as sinistral style. Limbs and arma-
ment of same typical for genus, as described under asenia.
Allotype. — 9 ; Gold Hill, Canal Zone, Panama. November 14,
1913. (Hebard; in heavy vine overgrowth of low bushes.) [Heb-
ard Collection.]
Agrees with type in all ambisexual characters. Supra-anal and subgenital plates
typical for genus, as described under asema.^^
Coloration antimony yellow and blackish chestnut. Head with occiput anti-
mony yellow shading to ochraceous-tawny on face, but with narrow vertical sufi"u-
sions of blackish brown from occiput along inner margins of eyes to ocellar areas. ^^
Pronotum with lateral margins transparent buffy, two rather heavy parallel stripes
of blackish brown run from the cephalic to the caudal margin, these widening
slightly mesad and caudad, median area antimony yellow. Tegmina with marginal
and scapular fields and apex and adjacent margin of discoidal field to median vein,
transparent, tinged with antimony yellow to old gold; remaining portion of teg-
mina translucent, blackish chestnut brown, often with a minute point of the paler
color proximad in the anal field toward the costal margin. Wings hyaline, weakly
iridescent, washed weakly with prout's brown, appendicular field more heavily
washed with this color, area of costal veins and area at extremities of rami of axil-
lary vein bordering the appendicular field, heavily sufl"used with the same color.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Type
Length of
Length of
Width of
Length of
Width of
body
pronotum
pronotum
tegmen
tegmen
6.1
1.6
2
5-7
1.8
Allotype 5.6 1.7 2.2 5.9 2
^* In consequence this resembles in outline the head of the Buffle Head Duck. The
paratypic males before us show the shape of the apex of this specialized sinistral style to be
variable, ranging from the form found in the type, through broadly enlarged with a disto-
ventral angulation, to weakly and roundly enlarged.
2^ The females can be separated from those of other species of the genus by the form
of tegmina and wings, and their venation, and by the color pattern. Throughout the
genus it is these features which must be relied upon chiefly to separate the females of the
different species.
^^ These evidently a continuation of the paired dark pronotal stripes.
MORGAN HEBARD 23
The large series before us shows no appreciable size variation,
nor is any marked variation in tegminal or wing length indicated,
as was also found true for A. lateralis.-'^
The extremes of maximum recession and intensification of color-
ation are not widely different, but the following features should be
noted. In recessive examples the" paired pronotal dark longitudi-
nal lines are narrower and, in extreme individuals, broken; the
tegmina show the dark suffusion much reduced, this remaining
strongly defined only in the anal fields and beyond the anal vein.
In intensive examples the paired pronotal dark bars broaden and,
in extreme examples, almost fuse at the caudal margin and again
near the cephalic margin, leaving the small meso-caudal inter-
vening area alone conspicuously pale; the tegmina when at rest
appear solidly dark in such examples, except narrowly along the
costal margins.
In addition to the type and allotype, we have before us the fol-
lowing material, which may be considered paratypic.
Porto Bello, Panama, IV, 17, 1912, (Busck), i 9.
Taboga Island, Pan., VI, 11, 191 1, (Busclc), i cf.
Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Pan., VI, I to VII, 31, 1907 and 191 1, (Busck), 190", 13 9.
Empire, C. Z., Pan., XI, 14, 1913, (Hebard; under rubbish on edge of jungle), i 9.
Canal Zone boundary five miles west of Empire, Pan., XI, 14, 1913, (Hebard),
Id".
Paraiso, C. Z., Pan., IV, 24 to V, 10, 1911, (Schwarz, Busck), i ci", 2 9.
Cabima, Pan., V, 20 and 22, 191 1, (Busck), 2 9.
Corozal, C. Z., Pan., XI, 14. 1913, (Hebard), 2 9 ; IV, 6, 191 1, (Busck), i cf .
Chorrera, Pan., V, 10 to 17, 1912, (Busck), 30?".
Ootheca. — One female is carrying an almost completely extruded
GOtheca, with suture dorsad. This ootheca is very remarkable in
having a very heavy sutural ridge, in height one-quarter the width
of the remaining portion of the ootheca and nearly as wide as high,
this ridge showing on its dorsal surface a succession of raised longi-
tudinal fleur-de-lis with their lateral portions elongate and slender.
The lateral surface of the ootheca is very strongly convex, parti-
tioned into five convex sections by deep vertical sulci and ribbed
longitudinally, showing on each side fourteen carinae. The
ootheca is about two millimeters in length.
-^ That such variation is very decided in some species is shown by Shelford for his A.
varipennis, while in the small series of A. fallax before us, great tegminal and wing
variation is found.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
24
THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Anaplecta cabimae new species (Plate II, figure 9.)
This species is widely separated from any other here considered.
It shows apparent relationship to the Peruvian A. alaris Saus-
sure and Zehntner, differing from that species in the smaller size,
unicolorous tegmina and decidedly suffused wings, with different
venation of the medio-discoidal area. The sex of alaris can not be
ascertained from the original description ; the male genitalia of that
species will probably be found to show distinct differences from
those of the present species.
In general coloration and form of tegmina similarity to A.
domestica Saussure and Zehntner^s is shown by the present species,
which however differs in the smaller size and very distinct teg-
minal venation.
In general appearance this minute, straw-colored roach looks
much like certain species of Coleoptera.
Type. — d"; Cabima, Panama. May 20, 1911. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Size very small, form slender for the genus. Head scarcely longer than broad;
vertex evenly convex without distinct ridges over the antennal sockets; ocellar
spots present, very inconspicuous. Pronotum approaching oval, the caudal margin
showing more truncation, this margin very feebly obtuse-angulate convex; surface
weakly convex, with no trace of discal sulci. Tegmina extending a brief distance
beyond apex of abdomen, narrow; costal margin very feebly convex to near the
apex, where it bends more sharply to meet the sutural margin, which is almost
straight, apex sharply rounded; costal veins inconspicuous, not numerous (seven),
with a few spurious intermediate veins distad; discoidal sectors two in number
(the median and ulnar veins, unbranched). Wings not broad; costal veins simple,
subobsolete in clouded area (four to five), combining with the similar distal veinlets
(four to five), which also spring from the discoidal vein as it curves to meet the
median vein at the distal extremity of the medio-discoidal area; medio-discoidal
area, before this point, without transverse veinlets; appendicular field in length
about three-quarters that of remaining portion of wing, length equal to width.^^
2» Two Guatemalan females of domestica are before us. Unlike the type, these speci-
mens have the wings suffused, as in cabimae, but the radiate field is iridescent, not dull as
in that species.
2" In this example, instead of the anal vein running to the apex of the wing along the
medic-longitudinal fold, an entirely different venation is found. From examination of
other individuals of the species, we feel satisfied that this is a remarkable individual
variation and not of any specific value, as conditions from the type described below to
the normal are found in the series of this species at hand.
Cephalic portion of appendicular field with a vein (ulnar, rccrudescent?) which runs a
brief distance ol)liquely from the proximo-internal angle toward the mesal portion of the
free margin; caudal portion with a vein (anal, recrudescent?) which runs obliciucly from
the proximo-internal angle toward the mesal portion of the free margin and disappears
before reaching that margin, as described for alaris.
MORGAN HEBARD 25
Supra-anal plate transverse, free margin evenly convex, dorsal surface unspecial-
ized. Subgenital plate extending the same distance caudad as the supra-anal plate,
surface evenly convex, free margin with convexity greatest dextrad, where the
production is a little the greatest; dextral style situated at that point, a minute
knob no longer than broad ; minute sinistral style situated in the same relative posi-
tion sinistrad, two-thirds as large as dextral style but otherwise similar. Limbs
and armament of same type as described from .4. asema, but in the present species
showing the following decided reduction. V'entro-cephalic margins of cephalic
femora lacking the proximal heavy spines; cephalic margins of median and caudal
femora with a single spine or sometimes with one or more of these margins entirely
unarmed. '° \'entro-caudaI margins of limbs unarmed.
Allotype. — 9 ; same data as type. [United States National
Museum.]
Agrees with type in ambisexual characters, differing in the following respects.
Form very slightly but appreciably more robust. Tegmina reaching very slightly
beyond apex of abdomen. Supra-anal and subgenital plates typical for genus, as
described under asema.
Measurements {in millimeters)
&
Type .
Length of
Length of
Width of
Length of
Width of
body
pronotum
pronotum
tegmen
tegmen
3-8
I .2
1.65
41
1-4
Allotype 4.6 1.2 1.7 3.8 1.4
Very little size variation is shown by the present series. The sexes have the
tegminal length ranging from 3.8 to 4.3 mm. The males have the body length from
3.8 to 4, the females from 4.4 to 4.8 mm.
Coloration. — Dorsal surface and antennae immaculate, shining, ochraceous-
tawn>-. Head deep ochraceous-tawny, eyes blackish chestnut brown. Tegmina
entirely unicolorous, moderately transparent, ochraceous-tawny. Wings suffused
with prout's brown, this heavy in the brief area of the costal veins and cephalic
portion of the appendicular field, weakest in the medio-discoidal area and in the
radiate field, which shows no trace of iridescence. Underparts and limbs pale, the
ventral surface of the abdomen palest, ochraceous-buff tinged with tawny.
Intensification and recession in the present series is slight; the darker individuals
have the antennae much darker, prout's brown, while the underparts are uniformly
ochraceous-tawny.
In addition to the t\'pe and allotype, the following specimens are
considered paratypes.
Rio Trinidad, Panama, \', 5, to VI, 10,. 191 1 and 1912, (Busck), i cf, 4 9.
Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Pan., V, 17 and VI, 8, 1907, (Busck), I cf, I 9.
Cabima, Pan., \', 18 to 21, 191 1, (Busck), 2cf, I 9.
^^ As has been noted elsewhere, reduction in the armament of the limbs in a species of
the Blattidae appears to be accompanied by irregularity in the spines which remain.
This is true for the present species and is generally met with in the species of the genus
Blaberus.
MENf. .\M. ENT. SOC, 4.
26 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Subfamily PSEUDOMOPINAE
A Key to the Described America^i Genera Belonging to the Group
Blattellites
A. Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora with a row of spines which decrease
suddenly in size mesad, those distal being piliform; or armed with a row of spines
which are entirely piliform. ^^
B. Tarsal claws unspecialized. I nterociilar space showing no ridge.
C. Pulvilli and arolia absent. (Limbs stout. Ventro-cephalic margin of
cephalic femora with a row of piliform spines, with two heavy distal spines.
Tegmina with discoidal sectors oblique. '^ Dorsal surface of male abdomen
specialized. Wings with costal veins very weakly clubbed, ulnar vein with
branches extremely distal or lacking, intercalated triangle very small.)
2. Ceratinoptera Brunner
CC. Pulvilli and arolia present.
D. Pulvilli on fourth tarsal joint only. Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic
femora with two heavy distal spines. (Tegmina with discoidal sectors
oblique.23 Wings with costal veins clubbed, intercalated triangle very small.)
E. Dorsal surface of male abdomen unspecialized. Ventro-cephalic
margin of cephalic femora with a row of heavy proximal spines, succeeded
by a row of minute piliform spines.
F. Limbs slender. Tegmina and wings fully developed.
I. Euthlastoblatta Hebard
FF. Limbs stout. Tegmina and wings reduced. (Male concealed
genitalia not highly specialized) 4. Aglaopteryx Hebard
EE. Dorsal surface of male abdomen specialized. Ventro-cephalic margin
of cephalic femora armed with a row of minute piliform spines.^* (Limbs
slender. Interocular space very narrow. Head strongly deplanate.
Tegmina and wings fully developed in male, moderately reduced in
female.) 3. Dendroblatta Rehn
DD. Pulvilli on all four proximal tarsal joints. Ventro-cephalic margin of
cephalic femora with three heavy distal spines. (Ventro-cephalic margin of
cephalic femora with a row of heavy proximal spines, succeeded by a row of
minute piliform spines.)
E. Tarsal claws symmetrical.
F. Tegmina with discoidal sectors decidedly oblique. Dorsal surface of
male abdomen specialized. (Wings with costal veins very briefly and
'' In this type there is evidence to show that some, if not all, of the species have had
the heavy proximal spines lost through atrophy.
'^ Individual reduction in the tegmina of the species of this genus frequently results in
the obliteration of the discoidal sectos.
'^ In the %cnu?, A glaopteryx material is found with tegmina so reduced that the discoidal
sectors are frequently obliterated.
^ Variable in this feature. Individually armed with very few or no heavy proximal
spines.
MORGAN HEBARD 2"]
decidedly clubbed, intercalated triangle small but moderately well
developed. Tegmina and wings fully developed in both sexes.^*)
5. Eudromiella new genus
FF. Tegmina with discoidal sectors longitudinal. Dorsal surface of
male abdomen unspecialized.
G. Form very broad. Wings with costal veins not clubbed, anterior
field moderately narrow, intercalated triangle small.
9. Platylestes Hebard
GG. Form slender but very compact. Wings with costal veins
clubbed, anterior field v'ery narrow, intercalated triangle rather
strongly developed. (Head with vertex convex, interocular space
wide. Pronotum strongly convex for the group.)
10. Chromatonotus new genus
EE. Tarsal claws asymmetrical, the cephalic much shorter than the caudal.
(Tegmina with discoidal sectors oblique. Dorsal surface of male abdomen
specialized. Wings with costal veins weakly or hardly at all clubbed,
intercalated triangle very small.)
F. Form broad. Tegmina moderately broad. General coloration
pale. Abdomen of male conspicuously constricted beyond sixth dorsal
segment 6. Latiblattella Hebard
FF. Form very broad. Tegmina broad. General coloration rich and
rather dark. Abdomen of male not as conspicuously constricted be-
yond sixth segment 7. Antitheton Hebard
BB. Tarsal claws strongly specialized. Interocular space showing a transverse
ridge. (Pulvilli on four proximal tarsal joints. Arolia present. Decrease in
size of spines of ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora not as decided as is
usual for the species showing "type B" armament, with two heavy distal spines.
Tegmina with discoidal sectors longitudinal. Dorsal surface of male abdomen
unspecialized. Wings with costal veins clubbed distad, intercalated triangle
small. Interocular space narrow. Tegmina and wings fully developed.^*)
15. Lophometopum new genus
AA. Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora with a row of spines which decrease
gradually in size, termed "type A." (Pulvilli on four proximal tarsal joints. Arolia
present.)
B. Tegmina with discoidal sectors oblique. (Tarsal claws unspecialized.)
C. Wings with costal veins not clubbed, ulnar vein with a great number of
branches, intercalated triangle subobsolete. Dorsal surface of male abdomen
unspecialized. (Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora with three hea\y
distal spines. Tegmina and wings fully developed. '')
8. Macrophyllodromia Saussure and Zehntner
^^ The distal row of spines on the ventro-cephalic margin of the cephalic femora in this
genus is composed of spines which are best termed subchaetiform; these spines are very
small but not as hair-like as is characteristic of the species showing "type B" armament.
^ The female sex for this genus is unknown.
^'' The female sex for this genus may still be unknown.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
28 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
CC. Wings with costal veins clubbed, ulnar vein with few branches, inter-
calated triangle present. Dorsal surface of male abdomen specialized.
D. Interocular space narrow, wrinkled. Ventro-caudal margin of cephalic
femora armed (with four and one distal spines). Wings with costal veins
very strongly clubbed, intercalated triangle well developed for the group,
moderately large, radiate field exceptionally ample. Tegmina and wingS'
fully developed in both sexes. (Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora
with two, approaching three, heavy distal spines.)
II. Rhytidometopum new genus
DD. Inter-ocular-ocellar area raised and flattened, particularly in male.
Ventro-caudal margin of cephalic femora unarmed. Wings with costal
veins feebly clubbed, intercalated triangle small, radiate field normal.
Tegmina and wings fully developed in male, reduced in female. (Ventro-
cephalic margin of cephalic femora with two heavy distal spines.)
12. Supella Shelf ord
BB. Tegmina with discoidal sectors longitudinal. (Wings with intercalated
triangle small. Tegmina and wings fully developed in male," fully developed or
slightly reduced in female.)
C. Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora with two heavy distal spines.
Tarsal claws specialized.
D. Size small for group. Ventro-caudal margin of cephalic femora with two
and one distal spines. (Dorsal surface of male abdomen unspecialized.)
13. Cariblatta Hebard
DD. Size larger, medium small to large for group. Ventro-caudal margin of
cephalic femora with three or more and one distal spines. (Dorsal surface of , <^jrj
male abdomen unspecialized or specialized. 39).. 14. Neoblattella Shelford
CC. Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora with three heavy distal spines.
Tarsal claws unspecialized. (Dorsal surface of male abdomen highly special-
ized.) 16. Blattella Caudell
Euthlastoblatta compsa^" new species (Plate II, figures 10 and 11.)
This species represents a group of the present genus, of which we
have two additional undescribed Central American species before
us, differing from what we may term the Abortiva Group, in the
absence of a striking pale transverse band toward the caudal
margin of the pronotum and the fact that the most striking male
genitalic specialization occurs in the styles.
Compared with males of E. abortiva (Caudell), those of the
present species are found to differ also in the narrower interocular
2' Except in Carihlatta lutea minima Hebard.
29 Among the many species of Neoblatlclla, the males of nahua (Saussure) and fraterna
(Saussure and Zehntner) alone are known to have the dorsal surface of the abdomen
specialized.
*" From Koix\p7} = neat.
MORGAN HEBARD 29
space, more deplanate face, -^^ cephalic femora with ventro-ccphalic
margins showing intermediate spines grading from the heavy
proximal to the piliform distal series, longer pronotum with ex-
tensive mesal area unicolorous and lateral margins narrower and
transparent, more elongate distal enlarged portions of the costal
veins of the wings and slightly more produced, but still strongly
transverse, supra-anal plate.
Type. — cf ; Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama. July 25 to 31, 1916.
(D. E. Harrower.) [Hebard Collection, Type no. 432.]
Size medium small, form moderately slender, structure very delicate; much as in
abortiva. Interocular width about one-third that between the antennal sockets,
ocellar spots distinct but irregular, face strongly flattened. Maxillary palpi elon-
gate, with distal joint decidedly enlarged. Pronotum very weakly convex, showing
weak but distinct medio-cephalic and latero-caudal flattening; lateral margins very
narrow, transparent, very weakly declivent, curving upward to weakly cingulate
margins; outline elliptical, showing a decided caudal truncation, point of greatest
width mesad. Tegmina and wings fully developed, extremely delicate in structure,
with numerous discoidal sectors (twelve) oblique; area of dextral tegmen con-
cealed when at rest, less sufifused and with cross-veinlets more decided. Wings with
costal veins (eight) elongate clavate distad, beyond these the remaining costal
veins are not clavate but fork frequently distad; intercalated triangle small. Dor-
sal surface of abdomen unspecialized.
Supra-anal plate strongly transverse, but with free margin obtuse-angulate, with
apex broadly rounded. ''- Subgenital plate convex; lateral margins convergent and
feebly concave in proximal third, remaining third occupied by the broad basal
portions of the heavy and deeply inset styles, leaving between these only a narrow
aciculate produced median portion of the plate. Styles symmetrical, heavy, broad
at bases, with external surfaces there deplanate, thence tapering to the cylindrical
and bluntly rounded distal portions which are directed caudad and are nearly
attingent, these produced distal portions armed on their dorsal surfaces with a few
stout, minute, chitinous spines directed caudad.
Cephalic femora with \'entro-cephalic margin armed proximad with heavy
elongate spines, which decrease gradually in size and length distad to a row of
minute chaetiform spines, terminated by two heavy spines, elongate in increasing
ratio distad; ventro-caudal margin armed with a single medio-distal and a single
distal spine. Other femoral margins armed with moderately strong spines. Elon-
gate tarsi with a single pulvillus occupying the ventral surface of the fourth joint.
Arolia present, distinct but small, as in abortiva.
" In this feature approaching the condition found in some species of Neoblattella.
^ As but two males of this species are known and the organs of the anal chamber are
only partly visible, we do not describe them in detail. We can, however, state that the
concealed genitalia are much more simple than in abortiva, without the remarkably spe-
cialized organ found in that species.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
30 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Coloration dark. Head with occiput, to just above ocelli, deep bay ; eyes blackish ;
ocelli buffy; face ochraceous-buff, shading through ochraceous-orange to ochraceous-
tawny mesad toward clypeus. Antennae and maxillary palpi prout's brown. Pro-
notum solid shining blackish brown, except narrow lateral margins which are trans-
parent, faintly tinged with buffy. Tegmina translucent, blackish brown, shading
to dresden brown distad and in area of dextral tegmen concealed when at rest;
marginal field transparent, faintly tinged with buffy. Wings hyaline, faintly tinged
with brown, except in area of costal veins and distal portion of anterior field, where
the suffusion is more decided, dresden brown, reaching the maximum in the area
of the enlarged costal veins, there translucent, deep prout's brown. Dorsal sur-
face of abdomen buffy, heavily tinged with blackish brown, this suffusion solid on
supra-anal plate and preceding segment. Cerci blackish brown, except meso-
dorsal area which is dresden brown. Ventral surface of insect suffused laterad with
blackish brown; remaining portions of coxae and the limbs translucent, buckthorn
brown, except dorsal margins of the femora, tibiae and tarsi, which are suffused
with blackish brown. Ventral surface of abdomen ochraceous-buff with an orange
tinge, suffused with ochraceous-tawny, except narrowly laterad, where brief but
decided suffusions of blackish brown occur on each segment.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of
Length of
Width of
Length of
Width of
&
body
pronotum
pronotum
tegmen
tegmen
Type
9-8
2.8
3-7
10.3
3-5
Paratype .
9-7
2.7
3-7
I0.2
3-4
In addition to the type, a single paratypic male, bearing the
same data, but taken July 28 to August 5, 1916, is before us. This
specimen fully agrees with the type.
Two small immature examples from Gatun, and one from Porto
Bello, are probably referable to the present species.
Geratinoptera picta Brunner
1865. Ceratinoptera picta Brunner, Nouv. Syst. Blatt., p. 76, pi. i, figs. 4 a to
4 e. [cf, 9 ; Brazil.]
Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama, VII, 15 to'VIII, 5, 1916, (Harrower), i 9 with
ootheca, i small juv.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., V, i to 5, 191 1, (Busck), 3 9 , (2 with reduced tegmina, i with
fully developed tegmina).
Tabernilla, C. Z., Pan., VII, 20, 1907, (Busck) i 9, (with fully developed teg-
mina).
Cabima, Pan., V, 22 and 24, 191 1, (Busck), i d^, 2 9 , (l c?, I 9 , with reduced
tegmina; i 9, with fully developed tegmina).
In the male before us the tegminal length is 8.7 mm., in the
females it ranges from 4.9 to 8.7 mm.
MORGAN HEBARD
31
. The entire series at hand have the pronotum solidly blackish
chestnut, excepting the female with reduced tegmina from Cabima,
which has the lateral margins narrowly translucent, this becoming
wider latero-caudad and the disk slightly paler mcso-caudad than
in the other portions.
The distal margin of the supra-anal plate of the male at hand is
broadly obtuse-angulate emarginate mesad, with angles rounded,
while the styles of the subgenital plate are crowded together mesad
in a deep rounded emargination. These features would usually
indicate specific differentiation in the Blattidae, but we feel certain
are, in the present case, ascribable to individual variation only.
Both the present insect and C. nahua (Saussure) we know now to
vary individually to an exceptional degree. Though the tegminal
and wing variation in these species is very considerable, no indi-
viduals of either species show any trace of transverse truncation,
accompanying the tegminal reduction, as is found in the Mexican
C. tropaia Hebard.
In one female the ootheca, though over half extruded, is, except
immediately at the suture, covered by a mantle, evidently soft in
life, supplied with scattered hairs. In another individual the
ootheca, half extruded, shows no covering mantle and is seen to
have its sides supplied with low and rather widely spaced longi-
tudinal ridges. The suture of the ootheca is supplied with rather
widely separated nodes, each of which has its dorsal surface raised
in the form of the sign for division (-f-). It will be noted that this
is in some respects comparable to the oothecae of the species of
Aiiaplecta discussed in the present paper, though of less specialized
shape, no vertical divisions being apparent, while the suture is
very much weaker and more simple.
Dendroblatta sobrina Rehn (Plate II, figures 12 anri 13.)
1916. Dendroblatta sobrina Rehn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xlii, p. 232, pi. xiv, figs.
II to 14. [cf, 9 : Chinandega, Nicaragua; Pozo Azul. Costa Rica; Corozal and
Old Panama, Panama; Porto Velho, Brazil.]
Rio Trinidad, Panama, III, 28 to V, 5, 1911 and 1912, (Busck), 5cf , i 9, 4 juv.
Corozal, Canal Zone, Pan., II, 12, 191 1, (Busck), i 9 ; XI, 17, 1913, (Hebard;
colony of adults and young on tree trunks in clearing, the Mantid, Litiirgousa
cayennensis Saussure also there), 3d', i 9, paratypes, 2 small juv.
Old Panama, Pan., XI, 13, 1913, (Hebard; running about on surface of fallen
tree trunk), i 9, paratype.
MEM. ENT. ENT. SOC,., 4.
32 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Panama. Pan., VI, 1915, (Harrower), i small juv.
Chorrera, Pan., V, 2, 191 1, (Busck), i 9.
From the material at hand we would note that, in addition to the
male genitalia features given in the original description, the dextral
lobe of the subgenital plate is concave on its internal surface, cover-
ing a very thin chitinous plate of almost equal size, the distal
margin of which is convex and armed with heavy curved dentiform
spines. In part of the individuals examined this inner plate is
concealed completely by the dextral lobe.
These beautiful insects were found to be remarkably agile,
running with great rapidity over the tree trunks. When pursued,
the adults sometimes took flight, but always returned to the tree
they had just quitted. Both adults and young would at times
suddenly arrest their movements, their striking coloration then
blending astonishingly with the tree trunk upon which they were
resting.
One female is at hand bearing an almost completely extruded
ootheca, with suture laterad. The ootheca is very thin, subrec-
tangulate in form, the dorsal and ventral margins showing very
slight arcuation, approximately 6 millimeters long and 2.9 milli-
meters wide. The dorsal third is strongly compressed with margin
(suture) bearing regular, well separated, small nodes, each of which
shows a brief transverse ridge on its dorsal surface. The surface of
the ootheca is microscopically very "finely and longitudinally sub-
striate, giving a smooth bark-like appearance; the vertical divi-
sions are subobsolete, about ten in number.
The young of this handsome insect are buffy, very strikingly
marked with dark brown in a pattern of coloration very different
from that of the adult (see plate II, fig. 13). It is interesting to
note that this pattern, though having distinctive features, is in
many ways much more similar to that found in Aglaopteryx gemma
Hebard^^ and Aglaopteryx diapJuuia (F'abricius). We would
further note the coloration of Aglaopteryx lita, here described, the
adult of which species shows a type of coloration more suggcstivx^ of
that of adults of the present species, than of the adults of the two
other known species of that genus.
*^ Described; Mem. Am. Ent. Soc, 2, p. 34, pi. i, fig. 9, (191 7).
MORGAN HEBARD 33
From these observations we may conclude that the general
color type found in immatures of the present species and in adults
of A. gemma and A. diaphana is very primitive, and that these
genera thus show their common ancestral stock. Weight is added
to the latter deduction by the discovery of A. lita, a species which
has developed an utterly distinct color pattern, at least in the adult,
from the other species of that genus, in some ways rather suggesting
that of the present species.
Aglaopteryx lita^'' new species (Plate II, figures 14 and 15.)
The present beautiful species differs very widely from A.
diaphana (Fabricius), with which it agrees more closely in the
tegminal development than with the genotype A. gemma Hebard,
in its striking and distinctive color and color pattern, slightly
narrower interocular space and caudal metatarsus, which is not
distinctly longer than the combined length of the succeeding tarsal
joints, as in that species.
Type. — ^9; Cabima, Panama. May i8, 1911. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Size large for this genus of small species; form robust; structure less delicate than
in diaphana. Head broad, eyes separated a distance distinctly over half that be-
tween the antennal sockets; very small ocellar spots apparent, but not well defined.
Maxillary palpi heavy. Pronotum with surface evenly and distinctly convex;
margin convex to the broadly rounded and sub-rectangulate latero-caudal angles,
showing a distinct flattening of this convexity over the head, caudal margin trans-
verse, showing an extremely feeble convexity. Tegmina reaching to apex of abdo-
men, strongly chitinous, smooth, the veins very inconspicuous, the discoidal sectors
oblique. Wings, though greatly reduced, with numerous and somewhat irregular
costal veins, not enlarged distad; median vein forking distad; ulnar vein with two
complete but short and distal rami; the discoidal. median and ulnar veins and the
rami of the latter connected by transverse veins of nearly the same heaviness;
intercalated triangle very small but distinct.
Supra-anal plate transverse, about two and one-half limes as broad as long, tri-
angular with apex broadly rounded and incised. Cerci submoniliform, hairy, taper-
ing distad to acute apex, about three and one-half times as long as broad, with
eleven appreciable joints, flattened above, convex below with sutures distinct and
lateral margins flattened. Subgenital plate very broad, convex; free margin broadly
convex except at cerci, where it is broadly and very weakly concave. Limbs heavy
and armed as is characteristic of the genus. Ventro-caudal margin of cephalic
femora armed with two, and one distal, spines. Length of caudal metatarsus equals
combined length of succeeding tarsal joints. Tarsal arolia and pulvilli absent;
claws unspecialized, as txpical for the genus.
*• From Xiri7 = smooth.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
34 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Color. — Surface smooth and shining. Head deep bay, ocellar spots minute
buffy dots, antennae bay except proximad where they shade to buffy. Pronotum
entirely blackish bay, except lateral margins which are ochraceous-buff tinged with
ochraceous-tawny, these broadest toward latero-caudal portions of disk. Mesono-
tum, metanotum and first abdominal segments tawny, this continued mesad on
each side of the three succeeding segments as a broad suffusion into the remaining
darker, blackish brown, dorsal surface of the abdomen, with the exception of a
brief lateral area on each side of the sixth and seventh segments of light ochraceous-
buff, these forming a very distinctive buff marking latero-caudad, without, but just
preceding, the cereal bases. Tegmina blackish bay distinctively marked with
ochraceous-buff, the borders of these pale areas ochraceous-tawny ; pale in proximal
half of anal field, entire marginal field continuing beyond along the costal margin to
median part of tegmina by invading the scapular field, and a large oval area mesad
in the scapular field, the axis of which is oblique. Wings buffy, heavily suffused
with prout's brown in distal two-fifths of anterior field, branches of axillary vein
prout's brown, distal portion of radiate veins tinged with this color. Limbs buffy,
with spines and tarsi tawny. Cerci cinnamon brown.
Length of body, 9; length of pronotum, 3.2; width of pronotum, 4.3; length of
tegmen, 6.5; width of tegmen, 2.95; length of cercus, 1.9; length of caudal tibia,
3.55; length of caudal metatarsus, 1.65 mm.
The type is unique.
EUDROMIELLA new genus
The single known species of this genus suggests, in its form and
deHcate structure, species of the genera Euthlastoblatta Hebard and
Rhytidometopum, here described. The biHneate pronotum is a
type famiHar in Blattella germanica (Linnaeus) and many other
species of the Group BlattelHtes.
This genus shows nearest affinity to Latiblattella Hebard, differ-
ing in the characters of major importance In having the form not
as broad; the vertex well rounded, not slightly flattened; the face
more convex; both sexes with equally fully developed organs of
flight; the tegminal discoidal sectors decidedly, not moderately,
oblique; the costal veins of the wings heavily, not very weakly or
hardly at all clubbed distad, and the male abdomen less decidedly
constricted beyond the specialized sixth dorsal segment.
In linear arrangement this genus comes after Aglaopteryx Hebard
and before Latiblattella Hebard. This is a complex type, sharing
features with many diverse genera, such as are so often found
among the Blattidae.
The genus is monotypic. Genotype: Eiidromiella bicolorata
new species.
MORGAN HEBARD 35
Generic Description. — Size and form medium for the group,
structure very delicate. Interocular space moderately wide.
Occiput rounding evenly into inter-ocular-ocellar area, which is
not strikingly flattened; face not strongly convex with lateral
margins rather strongly convergent to clypeal suture. Distal
joint of maxillary palpus large, but not as long as preceding joint.
Pronotal surface weakly convex. Tegmina and wings fully devel-
oped in both sexes; tegminal discoidal sectors decidedly oblique.
Wings with costal veins heavily clubbed distad, intercalated trian-
gle not large but moderately conspicuous. Dorsal surface of male
abdomen with sixth segment specialized; concealed genitalia com-
plex; subgenital plate asymmetrical.
Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora armed with a series
of well spaced long heavy spines, succeeded by a series of closely
set chaetiform spines (type B), terminating in three heavy spines,
very elongate in increasing ratio distad. Ventro-caudal margin
of cephalic femora armed in distal third with well spaced (three
and one distal) heavy spines. Other v^entral femoral margins
well supplied with heavy elongate spines. Four proximal tarsal
joints supplied ventro-distad with small pulvilli, these slightly
produced caudad but with apices rounded, not acute. Tarsal
claws unspecialized. Moderately well developed arolia present.
Eudromiella bicolorata new species (Plate II, figures i6 to 20.)
The pale vertex and darkened face, strikingly bilineate prono-
tum, bicolored tegmina and wings with area of enlarged portion of
costal veins whitish, are distinctive features of coloration in this
small roach.
Type. — cf ; Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama. June 4, 1907.
(A. Busck.) [United States National Museum.]
In addition to the generic features already given, we would note the following.
Interocular space about three-quarters as wide as that between antennal sockets.
Ocellar spots distinct, these areas showing no delimiting contour. Third joint of
maxillary palpi very slightly longer than fourth, fifth (distal) joint enlarged, very
slightly shorter than (in the series, to as long as) the fourth. Tegmina with nu-
merous discoidal sectors (in the series nine to fourteen, the latter number due to
distal branching). Wings with (five to seven) branches of the ulnar \-ein, inter-
calated triangle small but distinct, its width appreciabl>- less than its depth. Sixth
dorsal abdominal segment with a decided median concavity, haxing on the caudal
face a minute but strongly developed semicircular ridge, cephalad of which is a
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
36 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
hea\y tuft of agglutinated hairs, with moderately numerous other hairs scattered
about laterad on the floor of the median depression; seventh and eighth segments
transversely narrower, exposed only narrowly along their caudal margins.
Supra-anal plate decidedly transverse, basal width four times length, feebly tri-
angular with apex sub-bilobate. Cerci small, slender, tapering in distal portion
only to acute apex; dorsal surface flattened, much less convex than ventral surface;
joints strongly defined, lateral margins of each convex, particularly distad. Con-
cealed genitalia complex: mesad a very heavy elongate chitinous process directed
caudad is apparent, tapering and curving weakly to its aciculate apex, sinistrad of
which is a large chitinous plate; above is situated a much smaller aciculate process
and dextrad a plate of similar length which is rounded at its broad apex. Subgenital
plate asymmetrical; produced and broadly subchitinous from the caudal margin,
developing into heavy and chitinous plates toward the internal margins of the two
productions thus formed (the fused and specialized styles), the sinistral longer than
broad, tapering very slightly but with apex very broad and rounded; the dextral
heavier, more irregular, of approximately the same length but not over half as
broad as long; the apices of these well separated plates curving outward, as do the
much smaller and attingent, but analogous, plates in males of the genus Latiblattella.
The brief mesal portion of the distal margin of the subgenital plate between these
plates is produced in a minute subchitinous rounded plate with caudal surface
deeply concave.''^
Head ochraceous-buff; occiput showing very faintly four very broad vertical
markings of darker shade; eyes and inter-ocular-ocellar area chestnut brown, this
continued as a broad suffused band to near apex of labrum, with a pair of buffy
dashes ventrad on face. Pronotum with two broad longitudinal bars of blackish
chestnut brown, which broaden and diverge slightly caudad throughout their length;
intervening area ochraceous-buff with a faint tinge of orange, showing in very faint
lines and dots of darker coloration the deep-seated lyrate pattern found well
developed in such genera as Carihlatta Hebard, Neoblattella Shelford and others;^*
lateral margins translucent, ochraceous-buff. Tegmina translucent, ochraceous-
tawny, deepening to a line of cinnamon brown running down the humeral trunk,
thence straight to the apex of the tegmen, thus bisecting the costal veins, remaining
costal marginal portions translucent, ochraceous-buff. Wings faintly tinged with
prout's brown, this heavy in proximal area of costal veins and in distal portion of
anterior field, ulnar and axillary veins and their branches prout's brown. Abdomen
with dorsal surface dark brown mesad, excepting margins of segments which are
^^ Some variation in these appendages is to be expected from their partially subchiti-
nous structure and decided asymmetry, while the fact that both the large plates (styles)
are mobile will result in their being found individually in different positions. This is
shown by the paratypic material at hand.
*" A large immature specimen at hand shows that the dark bands are not developed in
this species until just before or when the adult condition is reached. This specimen has
the pronotal disk showing a lyrate pattern, broken up by twin blotches cephalad and
more widely separated blotches mesad, of dark brown.
Width of
Length of
Width of
pronotuni
tegmen
tegmen
3-7
10.7
3-1
3-8
10.8
3-2
3-7
9
3
3-8
10.9
3.6
MORGAN HEBARD 37
ochraceous-buff. Underparts, cerci and limbs ochraceous-buff, abdomen suffused
proximad and laterad on succeeding segments with dark brown.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Lengtli of
Cr body pronotum
Tabernilla, type 9.7 2.7
Tabernilla, paratype .... 9.6 2.8
Empire, paratype — 2.6
Taboga Island, /)arah'/>e . — 2.9
The width of the intercalated triangle is 1.65 to 1.7 mm.
In addition to the type the following paratypes are before us.
Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama, VI, 10, 1907, (Busck), i cf.
Empire, C.Z., Pan., XI, 14, 1913, (Hebard; under rubbish on edge of jungle),
Id".
Taboga Island, Pan., \l, 11, 191 1, (Busck), i cf.
Latiblattella inornata new species (Plate II, figure 21.)
Related to L. pavida (Rehn),"*^ agreeing in the immaculate
coloration and general character of the male subgenital plate;
differing in the smaller size, immaculate inter-ocular-ocellar area
and, in the male, in the shorter and decidedly heavier styles, with
more slender internal process at base of sinistral style, w^hich
is nearly as long as that style and reaches nearly to its apex,**
and in the mesal produced portion of the subgenital plate which
is not curled upward along the distal margin.
Type. — cf ; Rio Bejuco, Panama. (W. Schaus.) [United States
National Museum.]
Size and form slightly less ample than in any of the described species of Latiblat-
tella. Head with interocular space approximately two-thirds as wide as that be-
tween the antennal sockets; inter-ocular-ocellar area distinctly flattened; ocelli
distinct. Maxillary palpi with third and fifth (distal) joints elongate, each decidedly
longer than fourth joint. Pronotum with angles broadly rounded; point of greatest
width meso-caudad; caudal margin very feebly convex, truncate. Tegmina with
numerous discoidal sectors (twelve) weakly oblique to caudal margin. Wings with
costal veins scarcely enlarged distad.
*'' The insufficient descriptions, applicable to but one sex of the two described as vitrea
by Brunner and to chichimeca and maya of Saussure and Zchntner, leave us in no doubt
as to their being members of Latiblattella, but in complete ignorance as far as the most
important specific diagnostic characters are concerned. All are apparently distinctly
heavier species than inornata, as is true also for alaris Saussure and Zehntner, which,
from the description, can not be generically assigned without considerable doubt.
*^ In pavida, this process is only slightly more than half as long as the sinistral style.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
38 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Abdomen with proximal dorsal segments unspecialized; sixth with a semicircular
mesal area, formed cephalad by a convex ridge and laterad by the weakly convex
margins of very suddenly and deeply impressed longitudinal areas, caudad of the
cephalic ridge is a narrow, transverse, feebly obtuse-angulate plate, with free caudal
margin supplied with a few hairs, caudad of this the median portion of the special-
ized area is raised in a large blunt process, with lateral margins concave and diver-
gent caudad and dorsal surface clothed with a heavy tuft of hairs radiating cephalad,
caudad of this the narrow distal portion of the segment is subchitinous in texture,
the caudal margin transverse, but with latero-caudal angles moderately acute-
angulate produced, with apex bluntly rounded; seventh segment longitudinally
brief, transversely moderately constricted; eighth segment much the same, but
with caudal margin sinuous.
Supra-anal plate transverse, triangularly weakly produced, with apex broad and
briefly bilobate. Concealed genitalia: soft integument almost completely fills the
anal chamber, from which projects mesad a short, flattened, chitinous lobe, with
surface microscopically shagreenous and with disto-dextral angle produced in a
short spine, which curves feebly sinistrad at its sharp apex; ventrad of this process
the integument is produced in a straight, elongate process, tapering evenly to the
acute apex, with dextral margin subchitinous. Dextrad, beneath the dextral
cercus, an elongate, lanceolate, chitinous process extends meso-caudad, with sur-
face heavily clothed with a microscopic velvety pile. Subgenital plate not large,
somewhat asymmetrical ; brief lateral margins convex to bases of heavy, elongate,
inset styles, between which the brief and delicate meso-caudal portion of the plate
is deplanate, weakly produced with free margin weakly convex. Styles stout,
elongate, flattened cylindrical, convergent, with immediate apices rounded and
curved outward and supplied with a few hairs; dextral style considerably larger
than sinistral. Mesad, at base of sinistral style, a moderately stout, flattened
cylindrical process curves mesad, thence nearly straight caudad, with immediate
apex rounded, not enlarged and curving sinistrad, the median portion with dorsal
surface feebly convex and ventral surface deplanate, the ventral margins thus
formed microscopically serrate. Limbs and their armament, character of pulvilli
and arolia, typical for the genus." Tarsal claws of unequal length, as characteristic
for the genus, elongate and slender, the shorter extending well beyond the moder-
ately well developed arolium.
Allotype.— 9 i'^" Steamship Tenadores, en route New York to
Jamaica. October 19, 1913- (Hebard; alive in hold.) [Hebard
Collection.]
Agrees with type, except in the following features. Form decidedly broader,
pronotum more ample. Tegmina and wings distinctly less elongate, but extending
well beyond the cereal apices. Dorsal surface of abdomen unspecialized. Supra-
" Described: Mem. Am. Ent. See, 2, p. 38, (1917)-
60 This specimen was very probably taken on at Bocas del Tore, Panama, or Limon,
Costa Rica, as these were the ports at which fruit had last been loaded.
MORGAN HEBARD 39
anal plate moderately triangularly produced, with lateral margins feebly concave,
deeply concave emarginate at apex. Subgenital plate rather strongly convex,
very feebly fissate meso-distad, free margin in large part convex, showing a broad
but feeble concavity at the point of extrusion of the cerci.
The female sex is very similar to that of L. pavida, distinguishable only by the
immaculate cephalic coloration and the less ample, narrower pronotum.
General coloration of type bufYy, tinged with buckthorn brown. Head ochra-
ceous-buff, ocelli paler, eyes blackish brown. Pronotum, with disk ochraceous-
buff mottled with buckthorn brown, with a few symmetrically placed but weakly
defined dots of prout's brown; margins transparent, \ery weakly tinged with buck-
thorn brown. Tegmina transparent, weakly tinged with buckthorn brown. Wings
hyaline, showing a very feeble iridescence, distal area of anterior field weakly
tinged with buckthorn brown. Body and limbs light ochraceous-buff shading to
ochraceous-bufT, the dorsal surface of the abdomen tinged laterad with buckthorn
brown, mesal specialization of sixth segment cinnamon brown with hairs tawny.
The female is generally similar in coloration. The general coloration shows a
slightly more tawny tinge, the disk of the pronotum being more tawny with fewer
dark dots.^' The dorsal surface of the abdomen is more heavily and extensively
suffused, mummy brown distad, the lateral margins narrowly outlined in light
ochraceous-buff.
Measurements (in millimeters)
Length of
CT body
Type 13
9
Allotype 10 3.3 4.6 II. 4 3.8
The pair is unique.
Latiblattella angustifrons new species (Plate II, figure 22.)
Closely related to the preceding species, L. inornata, the males
agreeing in size, coloration of pronotum and tegmina and general
character of male subgenital plate; differing particularly in the
narrower interocular space, shorter and heavier process at the base
of the sinistral style, decidedly shorter and heavier tarsal claws and
somewhat smaller arolium (compare figures 21 and 22, Plate II.)"
^' In these features, closely agreeing with the type series of pavida before us. In that
species a weak huffy marking is present mesad between the antennal sockets, margined
laterad with a somewhat darker suffusion than the general coloration of the face.
*2 The dark longitudinal markings of the vertex, suffusion of the face and the shorter
tegmina and wings, with veins of the latter darkened, may represent additional specific
diagnostic features, or may prove to be due to mere individual variation. This can be
determined only when series of the insect have been obtained.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
Length of
Width of
Length of
Width of
pronotum
pronotum
tegmen
tegmen
3
41
12.3
3-8
40 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Type. — d"; Porto Bello, Panama. February i8, 191 1. (A.
Busck.) [United States National Museum.]
Agrees with inornata, as described, except in the following features. Head with
interocular space slightly less than one-half as wide as that between the antennal
sockets." Tegmina and wings slightly shorter than in inornata. Wing veins
darkened; costal veins showing distinct distal enlargement.^'' Concealed genitalia:"
the mesal projecting lobe is subchitinous and the lanceolate dextral process
shows no velvety pile. Subgenital plate as described for inornata except for the
following feature; mesad at base of sinistral style, a stout cylindrical process
curves in an even arc, so that its apex touches the sinistral style; the brief meso-
caudal portion of the plate fits in tightly between the styles, its margin curled
inward along the dextral style. Tarsal claws of unequal length, as characteristic
of the genus, rather short and appreciably stouter than in iiwrnata, the shorter
not extending beyond the well developed arolium.
General coloration of type buffy, tinged with buckthorn brown. Head with
vertex buffy with vertical blackish chestnut stripes, remaining portions, as well as
eyes and lateral portions of body and abdomen, shining blackish chestnut, except
the ocellar spots and a subocular dot on each side which are buffy. Limbs buffy.
Median portion of abdomen and all of subgenital plate ochraceous-tawny. Pro-
notum with disk ochraceous-buff, mottled with buckthorn brown, with a few sym-
metrically placed but weakly defined spots of prout's brown, margins of pronotum
transparent, very weakly tinged with buckthorn brown. Tegmina transparent,
weakly tinged with buckthorn brown, but more heavily so than in inornata. Wings
hyaline, showing a feeble iridescence, veins translucent dresden brown.
The paratype is less intensively colored, the face having a considerable mesdl
buffy suffusion, the ventro-lateral portions not darkened and the pronotal markings
reduced.
In the maximum recessive condition of coloration it is probable that individuals
of this species would show in coloration close similarity to the examples of inor-
nata here described.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of
O body pronotum pronotum
Porto Bello, type ii.i 3 4.1
Tcihoga. \s\dLnd, paratype . 10. i 2.9 3.8
In addition to the type, a single male paratype from Taboga
Island, Panama, taken June 14, 191 1, by Busck, and two immature
males, bearing the same data, but taken June 10 and 1 1, are before
us,
^^ In the paratype even narrower, nearer one-third than one-half as wide.
'''' This is decidedly greater than in inornata and aberrant for the genus, in the paratype
at hand it is not as marked.
*^ The concealed genitalia appear to have been soft and niisshaj^en in the type, the
anal chamber is crushed in the paratype.
Length of
Width of
tegmen
tegmen
II-3
3-6
II .2
3-7
MORGAN HEBARD 4I
In the immature examples the darker markings, found in the
early stages of species of the present genus, are unusually extensive.
The disk of the pronotum in one is heavily suffused, in the other
with large maculae of blackish chestnut brown meso-laterad and
with two smaller and more approximate maculae cephalad of
these, the remaining portions buffy. The mesonotum is blackish
chestnut brown except for a broad meso-proximal area the caudal
margin of which is convex, and lateral portions, which are buffy.
The metanotum is bufty, narrowly marked along the caudal margin
with blackish chestnut brown. The median and four proximal
dorsal abdominal segments are chestnut brown, becoming blackish
laterad before the lateral margins, which are buffy brown; the
succeeding segments are bufty, the more distal washed with brown.
The head is blackish chestnut brown, shading to hazel on the
occiput.
MACROPHYLLODROMIA Saussure and Zehntner
1893. Macrophyllodromia Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent.-Am., Orth., i, p. 46.
This genus was erected for the single species, maximiliani,
described by Saussure'''^ as a member of the genus Pseudophyl-
lodromia. It was apparently considered to be of not more than
subgeneric value, but we feel satisfied that not only should it be
given full generic status, but also that it represents one of the most
distincti\e and in some respects most aberrant units of the Group
Blattellitcs.
We ha\'e prepared the following generic description, based on the
material of the species before us. From the literature we believe
that all of the characters here given hold good for maxinuliiun, as
the two known species are clearly closely related.
The genus is remarkable among the Blattellites for its relati\ely
large size and unusual wing venation, which resembles much more
closely the type found in the genus Periplnneta, of the Subfamily
Blattinae, than that of any of the Blattellites, showing, howexer,
no incomplete rami of the ulnar \ein.
Among the described genera of the Blattellites, we would place
Macrophyllodromia after Latiblattella Hebard and l)efore Platylestes
Hebard. It agrees with these genera in having three heavy distal
spines on the ventro-cephalic margins (jf the cei)halic femora, the
*" 1873. Mem. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Gcnev'c, xxiii, p. 100, pi. x, tig. 35. [Mexico.]
MEM. .'\M. ENT. SOC, 4.
42 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
four proximal tarsal joints with pulvilli, the tarsal claws unspecial-
ized; with LatihIatteUa in the oblique tegminal discoidal sectors;
with Platylestes in the unspecialized dorsal surface of the male
abdomen.
It differs signally from these genera in having the armament of
theventro-cephalic margins of the cephalic femora of "type A," as in
Supella Shelf ord. Thus the combination of characters found in
this genus is distinctive, but particularly is it differentiated in the
wing venation as discussed above.
Generic Description. — Size very large, form moderately broad and
structure rather chitinous for the group. Interocular space narrow.
Inter-ocular-ocellar area flattened ; face transversely rather strongly
convex, narrow below the eyes with lateral margins moderately
convergent to clypeal suture. Pronotum slightly more convex than
is usual in the group. Tegmina and wings fully developed."
Tegminal discoidal sectors oblique (sixteen). Wings with costal
veins not enlarged distad; discoidal and ulnar veins with a great
number of closely placed branches (thirteen to fifteen for the ulnar
vein), all of the branches of the ulnar vein complete to the free
margin of the wing; intercalated triangle subobsolete. Dorsal
surface of male abdomen unspecialized.
Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora armed with a series of
moderately elongate heavy spines, which decrease gradually in
length mesad, the distal spines only slightly shorter than those
proximad, terminating in three heavy elongate distal spines in
increasing ratio. Ventro-caudal margin of cephalic femora with
a few (four to five) heavy elongate spines. Other femoral margins
well supplied with heavy elongate spines. Four proximal tarsal
joints supplied ventrad with large distal pulvilli; that of the third
caudal tarsal joint occupying almost all, of the fourth joint all, of
the ventral surface. Tarsal claws unspecialized. Well developed
arolia present.
Macrophyllodromia splendida new species (Plate III, figures i to 4.)
The two dark parallel pronotal bars are very striking features in
this otherwise generally immaculate insect, which aside from this
feature, has some general superficial resemblance to NeohlattcUa
adspersicollis (Stal), though of much richer general coloration.
" The female sex is unknown for this genus.
MORGAN HEBARD 43
From M. maximiliani (Saussure) this insect is easily separated
by its smaller size, dark caudal margin of the pronotum and im-
maculate tegmina.
Type. — cf ; Porto Bello, Panama. F'ebruary 21, 191 1. (E. A.
Schwarz.) [United States National Museum.]
In addition to the features given in the generic description, we would note the
following. Interocular space one-fourth as wide as that between the antennal
sockets.^* Eyes projecting rather decidedly laterad. Ocellar spots rather large,
distinct. Maxillary palpi with third joint slightly longer than fourth, fifth (distal)
joint about three-quarters as long as fourth, enlarged. Supra-anal plate strongly
transverse, basal width nearly six times length, triangular in general outline, briefly
cleft meso-distad, with apices thus formed broadly rounded. Cerci elongate lanceo-
late (with sixteen joints), seventh to fourteenth joints well-defined, each with
lateral margins convex.
Subgenital plate asymmetrical; sinistral marginal portion thickened, weakly
concave oblique produced to slightly beyond the median point, where it is convex,
curving into a deep cleft which extends more than half the distance to the margin
of the preceding segment, thus forming a sinistral lobe, with a few minute scat-'
tered teeth ventrad on its broadly rounded apex. On this lobe, along the margin at
the median cleft of the plate, is a rounded ridge (the sinistral fused and specialized
style) which is heaviest at the base of the cleft, its surface supplied with stiff hairs
and minute scattered teeth. Dextral margin of subgenital plate showing a strong
concav'ity at the cercus, thence convex to a straight channel which runs across the
surface of the plate to the base of the median cleft of the plate, at this point a slight
angulate-emargination is formed, from this point the margin is convex and the
plate is thickened, thus forming a dextral lobe (the dextral fused and specialized
style) not as large and slightly less produced than the sinistral lobe, well supplied
with stifT hairs, its sinistral margin forming the margin at the median cleft of the
plate. The heavy pair of plates beneath the supra-anal plate are seen to be \er\'
large and are all that is visible within the anal orifice in this specimen.
Head with vertex, cheeks (including ocellar spots), antennae and palpi clear
ochraceous-bufT, the palpi very faintly suffused, with ultimate joint suffused
proximad with prout's brown; eyes and inter-ocular-ocellar area shining blackish
brown, continued as a broad vertical band with margins sharply defined on face to
labral suture. Pronotum with two broad meso-lateral longitudinal bands of black-
ish brown, which broaden slightly mesad and strongly caudad, there joining and
occupying the entire caudal margin; area between these bands clear ochraceous-
buff with a strong orange tinge, remaining broad lateral margins of pronotum trans-
parent, very faintly tinged with buckthorn brown. Tegmina translucent, rather
strongly tinged with buckthorn brown having a tawny tone, except the costal
fields which are transparent, very faintly tinged with buckthorn brown. Wings
^* The type has the vertex somewhat crushed. These features are more readily seen
in the paratype.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
Width of
Length of
tegmen
caudal tibia
6.2
7-2
6.3
—
44 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
transparent, suffused with brussels brown; suffusion sudan brown in area of ulnar
and discoidal veins, becoming still darker, amber brown, toward the costal margin.
Dorsal surface proximad cinnamon brown shading to blackish chestnut brown
distad, cerci of that color. Underparts and limbs pale ochraceous-tawny, the
abdomen becoming cinnamon brown distad.
Measurements (in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of
Cy body pronotum pronotum tegmen
Type 15.8 4.7 6.2 20.2
Paratype 16.8 4.6 6 18.9
In addition to tlie type, a single male paratype, taken at the
same locality, February 28, 191 1, by Busck, is before us.
CHROMATONOTUS59 new genus
In linear arrangement we place this genus after P/a/y e^/^^Hebard,
and before Rhytidometopiim here described. In general form
and structure close resemblance is shown to some of the small
species of the genus Ischnoptera Burmeister, of the Group Ischnop-
terites.
Though in size and form exceedingly different from Platylestes,^^
these genera agree in having "type B" armament of the ventro-ce-
phalic margins of the cephalic femora with three heavy distal spines,
the tegminal discoidal sectors longitudinal, male dorsal abdominal
segments unspecialized and four proximal tarsal joints supplied
with pulvilli. Signal difference from Platylestes is found in the dis-
tinctive coloration, much less transverse pronotum, very much
narrower tegmina and anterior field of the wings, the well devel-
oped intercalated triangle of the wings, more elongate and slender
cerci and caudal metatarsi much longer, not distinctly shorter,
than the combined length of the succeeding joints.
Though in general appearance much closer to Rhytidometopum,
very great structural difference is found, these genera in primary
features agreeing only in the wings having a well developed inter-
calated triangle, the tarsal joints having similar pulvilli and the
tarsal claws being unarmed.
"From xpi^Ma and vihros. Colored back; in allusion to the fact that in the four
species of this genus at hand, all have the pronotum conspicuously and distinctively
marked.
" See Ilebard, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xlv, p. 97, pi. xvii, fig. i, (1919)-
MORGAN HEBARD 45
The pronotal type resembles more closely the normal in the
Group Ischnopterites than it does that found in the related genera
of the Group Blattellites.
Material representing four species of the genus is before us.^^
Genotype: Chromatonotus lamprus new species.
Generic Description. — Size small, form slender, structure not as
delicate as is usual in the Group. Interocular space wide; vertex
rounding evenly into face; ocellar spots in the male sex decided,
with fiat surfaces oblique to intervening area as in Ischnoptera,
weakly developed in the female sex; face moderately convex, very
brief lateral margins strongly convergent to clypeal suture. Max-
illary palpi short, heavy distal joint as long as or longer than any
other, Pronotum feebly transverse ; surface convex, more so than is
usual in the Group Blattellites, much as in some of the smaller
species of Ischnoptera. Tegmina and wings fully developed in both
sexes. Tegmina narrow, discoidal sectors (seven or eight) longitud-
inal. Wings with anterior field narrow, resultantly short costal
veins thickened distad ; discoidal and unbranched median vein con-
nected by numerous transverse veinlets; ulnar vein with few (one
to (rarely) three) complete branches, showing bases only of. trans-
verse veinlets toward fold of the wing; intercalated triangle broad
and conspicuous; radiate field ample. Dorsal surface of male
abdomen unspecialized; paired plate beneath supra-anal plate
highly specialized; subgenital plate asymmetrical.
Limbs rather heavy and short for the Group. Ventro-cephalic
margin of cephalic femora armed with a few well-spaced hea\y elon-
gate spines, succeeded by a row of minute chaetiform spines, termi-
nating in three heavy and very elongate distal spines in increasing
" In addition to the two species here described, we have before us material of the fol-
lowing species from Trinidad:
Chromatonotus infuscatus (Bruner)
1906. Phyllodromia infnscata Bruner, Jour. X. Y. Ent. Soc, xiv, p. 139. [Near Port
of Spain, Trinidad.]
Chromatonotus notatus (Brunner)
1893. P[hyllodromia\ notata Brunner, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1893, p. 602, pi. Hi,
figs. la, b. [cf, 9 : St. Georges and Balthazar, Grenada, British West Indies.]
1906. ?Phyllodromia notata Bruner, Jour. X. Y. Ent. Soc, xiv, j). 139. [Xear Port
of Spain, Trinidad.]
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
46 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
ratio. Ventro-caudal margin of cephalic femora armed throughout
its length with (three or four and one distal) well-spaced heavy
spines. Other ventral femoral margins well supplied with heavy
elongate spines. Ventral surface of four proximal tarsal joints
supplied distad with minute simple pulvilli. Tarsal claws unspe-
cialized. Moderately well-developed arolia present.
Chromatonotus heterus''^ new species (Plate III, figure 5.)
The present insect differs decidedly from the other species of the
genus in the distinctive development of the pronotal color pattern
and in the relatively shorter tegmina and wings. The male will
doubtless show distinctive genitalic features, as do the males of
the two species for which this sex is known. .
In linear arrangement we would place this species first in the
genus, followed by injuscatus (Bruner), notatus (Brunner) and
lamprus here described.
The pronotal color pattern in this insect, though less clearly
defined, shows a striking similarity to that of Euthlastohlatta abor-
tiva (Caudell).
Type. — 9; Chorrera, Panama. May 11, 1912. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
In addition to the generic characters given, we would note the following. Size
slightly smaller than in lamprus, form much as in that species.' Interocular space
very slightly greater than width between antennal sockets; ocellar spots very
small, with area weakly defined, even smaller than in this sex of lamprus. En-
larged fifth (distal) joint of maxillary palpus very slightly longer than third joint,
decidedly longer than fourth joint. Tegmina and wings proportionately not as
elongate as in lamprus \ wings with greatest width of anterior field about one-fourth
its length, short costal veins strongly enlarged distad (eleven), intercalated triangle
nearly as wide as deep. Supra-anal and subgenital plates as in this sex of lamprus.
Head blackish carob brown. Proximal antennal joint, ocellar spots, mouth-
parts and maxillary palpi buffy; remaining portions of antennae chestnut brown.
Limbs ochraceous-buff tinged with tawny. Ventral surface of abdomen cinnamon
brown, deepening to chestnut brown laterad. Pronotum shining, margined nar-
rowly cephalad (though not as narrowly as in lamprus) and more broadly lat-
erad with ochraceous-bufif, this pale coloration crossing the dark remaining portions
of the pronotum as a narrow band just before the caudal margin; leaving the very
large meso-cephalic area and caudal margin blackish carob brown, the margins of
these dark areas suffused, not sharply defined. Tegmina translucent, evenly and
weakly tinged with buckthorn brown. Wings translucent, very weakly tinged
with buckthorn brown; costal veins buckthorn brown. Dorsal surface, including
'^ From €T6pos = different.
MORGAN HEBARD
47
proximal portion of abdomen, shining cinnamon brown, shading in remaining por-
tion of abdomen to blackish brown. Cerci prout's brown.
Length of body, 8.5; length of pronotum, 2.35; width of pronotum, 3; length of
tegmen, 8.4; width of tegmen, 2.8; length of caudal tibia, 3.2; length of caudal
tarsal joints, 2.8 mm.
The type is unique.
Chromatonotus lamprus«3 new species (Plate III, figures 6 and 7.)
This handsome species is closely related to C. notatus (Brunner),
differing strikingly only in having the pale margin of the pronotum
cephalad much narrower, all but the costal field of the tegmina
rather strongly suffused, not having the tegmina with humeral
trunk strikingly darker than the remaining portions and in the
very differently specialized male genitalia.
Compared with C. injuscatus (Bruner), these species are seen
to be larger, with pale marking caudad on disk of pronotum strongly
transverse, not subcircular with a ray extending cephalad, as is
normal in that species.
Type. — cf ; Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama. ]\Iay 14, 1907.
(A. Busck.) [United States National Museum.]
In addition to the generic characters described, we would note the following. Size
(averaging) larger than in infuscatus, slightly smaller than in 7wtati(s. Interocular
width equals length of first antennal joint. Ocellar spots large and conspicuous.
Enlarged fifth (distal) joint of maxillary palpus equal in length to third joint,
slightly longer than fourth joint. Wings with greatest width of anterior field
about one-fourth its length; intercalated triangle nearly as wide as deep.
Supra-anal plate feebly transverse, length three-quarters proximal width, free
margins straight convergent to distal portion, which is less decidedly chitinous, sup-
plied with long hairs, broadly rounded but with a minute median emargination.
Cerci small, elongate and slender (ten to eleven joints), the sutures well marked,
the lateral margins of the joints nearly straight, but each (from six to ten) distinctly
narrower than its predecessor; dorsal surface flat; ventral surface of each joint
strongly convex with \'ery narrowly cingulate lateral margins. Concealed geni-
talia: paired plate beneath supra-anal plate highly specialized; sinistral half chit-
inous, flattened against wall of anal orifice, with a small slender process, with apex
sharply rounded, situated below base of cercus and directed caudad; dextral half
developed into two lobes with apex of each produced in an elongate aciculate pro-
jection, these parallel and directed mesad."'
*^ From Xafxirpoi = handsome.
" In males of the closely related notalus the dextral half is developed into a single lobe
supplied with numerous short sharp teeth.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
48 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Subgenital plate rather strongly convex, supplied with elongate scattered hairs,
free margins evenly and moderately convex-convergent to mesal fourth, which is
produced and rather strongly convex, showing a slight angulation mesad; sinistral
style minute, simple, cylindrical, feebly tapering to sharply rounded apex, about
three times as long as basal width, situated at sinistral base of median produced
portion; dextral style similar, except that apex is formed by two minute but stout
teeth and with a similar tooth at its base dextrad, this style situated at about the
median point on the dextral margin of the median production of the subgenital
plate and directed sinistro-caudad.
Allotype. — 9; Cabima, Panama. May 17, 1911. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Agrees closely with male in ambisexual features, differing in the following re-
spects. Interocular space distinctly wider, only slightly narrower than width
between antennal bases; ocellar sjxjts smaller with area less decidedly defined.
Supra-anal plate similar, but less transverse, length slightly less than half proximal
width. Subgenital plate very short and truncate, surface convex and supplied
with scattered elongate hairs; free margin moderately convex laterad, transverse in
broad mesal portion.
Head blackish liver brown, ocellar spots light buff, antennae prout's brown;
mouthparts and palpi buffy, the latter with distal segments heavily washed with
prout's brown. Pronotum shining, with cephalic margin narrowly*'^ and lateral
margins more broadly ochraceous-buff; remaining portions blackish carob brown
except for a large transverse elongate-ovate marking of ochraceous-buff meso-
caudad, this occasionally tinged with orange. Tegmina translucent, suffused with
prout's brown, this regularly distributed but deepest at the humeral trunk,«i' except
the costal margin which is broadly buffy, the transition to the darker portions of the
tegmina gradual. Wings transparent, very weakly tinged with prout's brown, this
very heavy in area of costal veins, heavy in area about the intercalated triangle,
weakest in the intercalated triangle. Dorsal surface and cerci prout's brown, abdo-
men margined narrowly laterad with ochraceous-buff. Ventral surface buffy, lat-
erad with coxae and proximal abdominal segments marked with brown, ventral
surface of abdomen often washed with ochraceous-tawny. Limbs buffy, spines
and tarsal joints beyond metatarsus slightly darker.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
Cy body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
Tabernilla, /j'/jf 10.7 2.7 3.65 10.4 2.9
Tabernilla, ^cra/j/>e5 (3) . 9.9-10 2.3-2.75 3.1-3.65 10-10. 7 2.9-3
'Empire, paratype — 2.6 3.1 10 3
Corozal , paratype 9.9 2.65 3.4 10.7 3
9
Cahinvd, allotype 9 2.75 3.3 9.8 3
In the series the length of the caudal tarsal joints varies from 2.8 to 3 mm.
*5 In notatus the cephalic margin of ochraceous-buff is distinctly wider mesad.
^^ In notatus the humeral trunk is rich prout's brown, contrasting strongly with the
tegmina, which are otherwise as pale or paler than in the present species.
MORGAN HEBARD 49
In addition to the type and allotype the following paratypes are
before us.
Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama, V, 13 to VI, 16, 1907, (Busck), Tfd".
Empire, C. Z., Pan., XI, 14, 1913, (Hebard; found dead on ground), I (f.
Corozal, C. Z., Pan., I\', 26, 191 1, (Busck), i cf.
RHYTIDOMETOPUM" new genus
The single known species of this genus suggests in size, form and
delicacy of structure an obscurely colored insect superficially
similar to Euthlastoblatta abortiva (Caudell).
In the characters of major importance nearest agreement with
Supella Shelford is found. The present genus has, however, the
sexes similar; the interocular space wrinkled, not smooth; the
inter-ocular-ocellar area unspecialized, not raised and tlattened;
the tegminal discoidal sectors moderately, not strongly, oblique,
and the wings with the intercalated triangle much more decided
and radiate field more ample.
In linear arrangement we place the present genus after Chromat-
onotiis, here described, and before Supella Shelford. The relation-
ship to both these genera is not at all close. The genus represents
one of the complex units, sharing features with manydiverse genera,
so often found in the Blattidae. Such are manifestly indicative
of the great antiquity of this family.
The genus is monotypic. Gpzxotype: Rhytidometopum megal-
optemm new species.
Generic Description. — Size and form medium, structure rather
delicate for the Group Blattellites. Interocular space narrow,
showing a distinctive transverse wrinkling. Inter-ocular-ocellar
area not specialized; face not strongly convex, with lateral mar-
gins strongly convergent to clypeal suture. Fifth (distal) joint of
maxillary palpi large, longer than preceding joint. Pronotal
surface convex, slightly more so than in the usual type in Neo-
blattella Shelford. Tegmina and wings fully developed in both
sexes. Tegminal discoidal sectors moderately oblicjue. Wings
with costal \'eins heavily clubbed distad ; intercalated triangle
broad and conspicuous; radiate field unusually broad for the
Group. Dorsal surface of male abdomen with sixth segment
®^ From pvtLs and /itTuwoi', wrinkled forehead.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
50 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Specialized ; subgenital plate and concealed genitalia complex and
asymmetrical.
Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora armed with a series of
heavy spines, the distal spines much the shorter and the more closely
placed, terminating in two heavy and very elongate distal spines
in increasing ratio. '^^ Ventro-caudal margin of cephalic femora
armed throughout its length with well-spaced heavy spines (four
and one distal). Other ventral femoral margins well supplied with
heavy elongate spines. Ventral surface of four proximal tarsal
joints supplied distad with small pulvilli, the apices of which are
sharply rounded. Tarsal claws unspecialized, but with a weak
indication of an internal flange. Well developed arolia present.
Rhytidometopum megalopteruna new species (Plate III, figures 8 and 9.)
The present insect entirely lacks distinctive markings. The
brown of the pronotal disk and tegmina is unusually lustrous and
rich in tone.
Type. — d"; Trinidad River, Panama. June 3, 1912. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
In addition to the generic features already given, we would note the following for
the present species. Interocular space two-fifths that between the antennal sockets,
very feebly ridged, which ridge shows a number of weak longitudinal creases.
Ocellar spots distinct, their areas showing no delimiting contour. Third joint of
maxillary palpi slightly longer than fourth, fifth (distal) joint enlarged and in length
intermediate between these. Tegmina with numerous discoidal sectors (eight to
thirteen in the series, variability due to branching). Wings with (in the series four
to six) complete branches of the ulnar vein; intercalated triangle conspicuous, neariy
as wide as deep. Sixth dorsal abdominal segment weakly depressed mesad, the
depression containing a tuft of agglutinated hairs, seventh and eighth dorsal seg-
ments transversely narrower, exposed only very narrowly along their caudal margins.
Supra-anal plate strongly transverse, basal width six times length, distal margin
convex between the cerci with an angulation feebly indicated. Cerci small and
slender, tapering to acute apex, the joints (twelve) strongly defined, the lateral
margin of each convex, particularly distad ; dorsal surface only slightly less convex
than ventral surface. Paired plate beneath supra-anal plate of male large and
unspecialized. Titillator with apex straight, aciculate, directed caudad.
Subgenital plate strongly asymmetrical and irregular; free margin roughly con-
vex, excepting sinistrad where it is broadly and shallowly concave and recurved, to
88 Occasionally the last spine of the series preceding these is appreciably longer than
those before it, thus showing a partial transition toward the forms having tiiree heavy
and elongate distal spines.
MORGAN HEBARD 5 I
which portion of this margin is attached a less heavily chitinous plate, about twice
as long as wide, directed dorsad, with margin convex (the sinistral fused and special-
ized style), thickened along its internal margin, this thickened portion armed distad
on its external face with a single blunt tooth ; dextrad is attached a less heavily chiti-
nous triangular plate (the dextral fused and specialized style), its internal margin
thickened into an elongate irregularly cylindrical process, over twice as long and
bulky as the analogous sinistral development, bearing a small aciculate thorn at its
base, and with its twisted apex curving caudad with the ventro-caudal margin
microscopically but very sharply serrate, these serrations directed proximad.
Allotype. — 9; same data as type hut taken May 6, 191 1.
[United States National Museum.]
Agrees with male in ambisexual features, differing in the following respects. Size
and form similar. Supra-anal plate rather deeply rectangulate-emarginate distad,
the two apices thus formed rectangulate, sharply rounded. Subgenital plate very
feebly produced beyond cereal bases, short, scoop-shaped, entire.
Coloration similar in the se.xes. Head chestnut; ocellar spots, a diffused medio-
longitudinal line in the inter-ocular-ocellar area and cheeks ochraceous-tawny.
Disk of pronotum rich chestnut, paling in a very small meso-caudal area to ochra-
ceous-tawny; lateral margins transparent, rich buff. Tegmina immaculate, trans-
lucent, chestnut when at rest, argus brown when spread; costal field transparent,
ochraceous-buff, this continued along the costal margin to near its apex. Wings
hea\ily washed with prout's brown in area of costal veins and in areas of rami of
ulnar and axillary \-eins, radiate field washed less heavily with this color, other por-
tions, including intercalated triangle, very weakly washed with prout's brown.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
O body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
Rio Trinidad, /_v/5e 9.5 2.8 3.7 10.8 3.4
Tabernilla, />ara/>'/>e .... 10 2.8 3.8 11. 2 3.7
Chorrerdi, paratype 10.5 2.9 3-65 il 3.8
9
Rio Trinidad, c//o/j/>e. . . 9.5 2.8 3.9 10.7 3.3
Paraiso, paraiype 9 3 4 10.9 3-55
Taboga Island, />ara/_v/>e. . 9 2.9 3-95 10.8 365
The width of the intercalated triangle of the wings ranges from 2.1 to 2.3 mm.
In addition to the type and allotype, the following para types
are before us.
Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama, V, 14, 1907, (Busck), i cf .
Paraiso, C. Z., Pan., I, 22, 191 1, (Schwarz), i 9.
Taboga Island, Pan., \'I, 9, 191 1, (Busck), i 9.
Chorrera, Pan., V, 14, 1912, (Busck), i - closely resembles females of N. f rater cida Hebard, N. impar here
described and probably .V. acofithastylata here described. We would note that
apparently the features of difference, though admittedly not of the differential
value usually found, are the abundance of tegminal cross-veinlets, as in the male sex
of this species, and the interocular space, which is slightly less than that between
the antennal sockets, in this feature very slightly greater than in the females of the
'^ In the paratypes, three to four.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
^8 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
other species.*" In other respects this sex agrees with the description of the female
allotype of N. chagrensis, given in the present paper.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
cf body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
Type II 2.65 3:65 II. 3 3-5
Paratype 10 2.55 3.6 11. i 3-3
Paratype 11.5 2.7 3.6 11.8 3.7
9
Allotype 10.8 2.8 3.8 II. 8 3-3
The coloration agrees closely with the color description given for chagrensis under
that species, the only difference being that the head markings are obsolete or sub-
obsolete in the present material. The immature example at hand agrees fully with
the adults in coloration.
In addition to the type and allotype the following material is at
hand, of which the adults are designated paratypes.
Rio Trinidad, Panama, III, 29, 1912, (Busck), i juv.; V, 7, 191 1
and VI, 6, 1912, (Busck), 2 cT.
Neoblattella impar" new species (Plate III, figure 13.)
This species should follow N. payiamae in linear^arrangement, the
general structure and coloration showing close affinity. The
male subgenital plate is, however, of a type in no w^ay comparable
to that found in any of the species of the present genus before us,
or indeed in any of the forms of the Blattellites.
Type.^d"; Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama. (A. H. Jennings.)
[United States National Museum.]
Size and form much like thatof .V. acanthastylata. Inter-ocular-ocellar area depla-
nate, weakly defined; interocular space moderately wide, four-fifths as wide as that
between antennal sockets; ocelli small. Maxillary palpi very elongate, third and
fourth joints subequal in length, fifth (distal) joint about two-thirds as long as
fourth, enlarged, obliquely truncate to near its base, appreciably more elongate than
in N. acanthastylata. Pronotum as in panamae. Tegmina delicate; with (six to nine,
usually seven) longitudinal discoidal sectors; cross- veinlets very weak, except distad
and in area of dextral tegmen concealed when at rest, where they are more distinct.
»» The very slight degree of difference in this feature is realized when we consider that
the otherwise similar female of A^. chagrensis, here described, has the interocular space
appreciably narrower than in any of the species here referred to, though in that insect its
width is four-fifths that between the antennal sockets.
«i In allusion to the remarkable, and exceedingly asymmetrical, male subgenital plate.
MORGAN HEBARD 59
Wings delicate; proximal (six) costal veins briefly but heavily clubbed distad; ulnar
vein with (five*-) complete branches; intercalated triangle small.
Supra-anal plate with proximal portion not broad, transversely conca\-e, small
meso-distal portion strongly deflexed with surface convex; lateral margins nearly
straight, almost transverse, weakly oblique to mesal third of area between cerci,
there concave, forming the lateral margins of the produced area, which is subrec-
tangulate, slightly wider than long, with disto-lateral angles broadly rounded and
distal portion sub-bilobate.
Concealed genitalia: within the anal chamber and next to the subgenital plate
lies a very large, roughly circular, subchitinous mass, concealing the genital hook
and surrounding specialized plates; sinistrad above this is a smaller subchitinous
plate from which projects a delicate aciculate chitinous process which curves strongly
sinistrad ; dextrad above the same mass a very elongate, aciculate, feebly undulating
chitinous process is directed across the distal portion of the anal chamber, reaching
the base of the sinistral style; the paired plate beneath the supra-anal plate is large
and simple.
Subgenital plate convex; free margin remarkably asymmetrical, truncate; free
margin sinistrad, beyond sinistral cercus, produced in a small, bulbous, acute-angulate
process, bearing distad a small cylindrical process, about twice as long as broad,
with apex rounded, supplied on its dextral (internal) face with minute, microscopic,
chitinous spinulae, from this process to the base of the cercus the free margin is
straight, weakly oblique, heavily supplied with larger, microscopic, chitinous
spinulae, there produced in a very slender, nearly straight process, about as long as
the cereal width, which lies dextrad along the free margin, from the dextral base of
this process the margin is continued, straight, weakly oblique, almost to the mesal
point, where a sudden and very deep emargination causes this portion to form a
large acute-angulate process with apex sharply rounded, directed dextrad, from the
base of this angulation the margin is weakly concave, very slightly oblique at the
slightly produced dextral extremity, before the dextral cercus, where an acute-
angulate projection with apex bluntly rounded and deflexed occurs, its latero-dex-
tral margin straight to base of subgenital plate. Limbs, armament of same, pul-
villi, tarsal claws and arolia as given for acanthastylata.
Allotype. — 9; Alhajucla, Panama. May 3, 191 1. (A. Biisck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Agrees closely with the allotypic female of panamae, diff'ering in the cross-vein-
lets of the tegmina, which are much less conspicuous and are confined to the distal
portions. Close resemblance to females of N. fratercula Hebard is also found, the
female of the present insect differing in its larger size and darkened distal veinlets
of the tegmina and wings. The great difficulty in separating females of the present
group of species is discussed under the allotypic description of the preceding species,
tanamae.
*- Four in other specimens.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
Length of
Length of
w
'idth of
Length of
Width of
body
pronotum
pronotum
tegmen
tegmen
10.2
2.8
3-3
II
3-2
9. 4-1 I
2.8-2.9
3
5-3-8
II .7-12
3 -4-3 -7
II .1
2.9
3-8
12.2
3-7
II
2.8
3-7
12
3-4
II .2
2.9
3-8
II. 8
3-6
60 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Measurements (in millimeters)
Porto Bello, par a type . . .
Alhajuela, paratypes (5)
Tabernilla, type
Rio Trinidad, paratype .
Rio Bejuco, paratype . .
9
Alhajuela, c//o/3'/)e 11 3 4 12.5 3.9
General coloration buffy, tinged with buckthorn brown. Head buffy with four
vertical lines on occiput, a moderately broad band between eyes, a moderately broad
band, convex ventrad, between ocelli and face maculate with blackish brown. ^^
Pronotum with disk ochraceous-buff, with suffusions and picturing of tawny and
dots of mars brown; in other individuals, instead, chestnut brown and prout's
brown: pattern of the same general type as that found in acanthastylata. Teg-
mina transparent, buckthorn brown; area of dextral tegmen concealed when at
rest, with veinlets dresden brown. Wings hyaline, with a very faint brownish
tinge, this decided, prout's brown, in narrow area between intercalated triangle
and axillary vein; area of distal portion of costal veins buffy in type, this only
weakly indicated as a very narrow suffusion, proximad of the enlarged apices of the
costal veins, in other specimens; radiate field in some lights distinctly iridescent, as
in all other species of the Impar Group before us. Dorsal surface of abdomen
ochraceous-buff, washed with cinnamon brown, thi§ deepening to mummy brown
distad. Cerci ochraceous-buff, bases and medio-distal joints washed with mummy
brown. Ventral surface and limbs ochraceous-buff, *< with a striking shining black
maculation proximo-mesad on the abdomen.
Several specimens before us are of recessive coloration, in these
the facial markings, normally decided in this species, are weakly
defined or subobsolete. The delicate pronotal markings likewise
show reduction in both extent and intensity in these examples.
In addition to the type and allotype, the following series is con-
sidered paratypic.
Porto Bello, Panama, II, 15, 191 1, (Schwarz), id".
Alhajuela, Pan., IV, 9 to 17, 1911, (Busck), 50^.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., Ill, 19, 1912, (Busck), i cf .
Rio Bejuco, Pan., (Schaus), i cf.
83 Several specimens before us have the head somewhat discolored in drying, the
markings probably more suffused than in life, the small ocelli now not strikingly pale.
*• The limbs are clearly discolored, ochraceous tawny, in the type.
MORGAN HEBARD 6l
Neoblattella chagrensis**'^ new species (Plate III, figure 14.)
This species belongs to the second division of the Impar Grf)up,
having, in the male, a simple type of subgenital plate, with simple
cylindrical styles and lacking accessory specialized appendages.
The concealed genitalia, however, show high specialization, and in
several closely related tropical North American species before us,*^
aside from differences in size, pronotal proportions and develop-
ment of tegmina and wings, the concealed genitalia alone afford
conspicuous diagnostic characters in the very distinctive develop-
ment found in each. The very remarkable fact is that, in all of
these species, the male subgenital plate and styles are the same in
form and proportions, whereas in all the other very numerous
species of the genus before us, the male subgenital plate and
styles, in every case, show remarkable and constant diftcrential
characters.
Only two species of the Impar Group, having the distal tegminal
cross-veinlets strikingly darkened, have been described; one of
these, brunneriana (Saussure)," from Mexico,***^ the other, albida
(Saussure),'^^ from Colombia. Unfortunately, though in general
*5 In reference to the type locality of the species, situated in the Chagrcs River
drainage.
*^ These other species are, apparently, yet undescribed.
"Neoblattella brunneriana (Saussure)
1868. Blatta brunneriana Saussure, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., 2e ser., xx, p. 78. [ 9 ;
[Cordillera Oriental], Mexico.]
1870. Blatta brunneriana Saussure, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rech. Zool., Orth., p. 32, pi. i, fig.
20. (More complete discussion of type.)
Type, ex Saussure: length of body, [i] 2; length of liody and tegmen, [i] 6; length of
pronotum, 3; width of pronotum, 4 mm.
** We find that our diagnosis given for the previously undescribed male of brunneriana
(Ent. News, xxvii, p. 159, footnote 3, (1916)), unfortunately does not apply to that
species, but to a related, distinctive, undescribed species. The material then supposed
to represent brunneriana (Ent. News, x.wii, p. 159, footnote i) includes several
undescribed species of the Impar Group.
»3 Neoblattella albida (Saussure)
1869. Blatta albida Saussure, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., 2e ser., xxi, p. no. [cf ; Bogota,
[Colombia].]
•1870. Blatta albida Saussure, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rech. Zool., Orth.. p. 37. (More com-
plete discussion of type.)
Type, ex Saussure: length of body, 10.2; length of tegmen, 12.5; length of pronotum,
2.6; width of pronotum, 3.8 mm.
MEM. AM, ENT. SOC, 4.
62 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
fully described, the specific diagnostic features of greatest value
can not be determined for brimneriana and in alhida are inad-
equately treated.
The Mexican species is distinctly larger, with more elongate
tegmina and wings, than the species here described. The Colom-
bian species is apparently very close, though nothing of value is
stated for the genitalia, and we feel justified in describing the
Panamanian material as distinct, only because we have evidence
that the Impar Group splits up into an exceptional number of
species, each in distribution probably confined to a relatively
very limited area.
Type. — cf; Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama. July 15 to 31, 1916.
(D. E. Harrower.) [Hebard Collection, Type no. 434.]
Size medium for the group, similar to that of N. acanthastylata here described and
N. albida; form rather slender, as in those species. Interocular space relatively very
narrow, distinctly less than half as wide as that between antennal sockets; ocellar
spots small but distinct. Maxillary palpi and pronotum much as in acanthastylata.
Tegmina delicate; with (six sinistral, eight dextral) longitudinal discoidal sectors;
cross-veinlets heavy distad and in area of dextral tegmen concealed when at rest.
Wings delicate; proximal (seven) costal veins briefly but heavily clubbed distad;
ulnar vein with (three) complete branches; intercalated triangle small. Abdomen
with dorsal surface unspecialized.
Supra-anal plate strongly transverse, weakly triangularly produced with apex
broadly rounded. Concealed genitalia: from below base of sinistral cercus a
moderately broad, flattened, cylindrical, chitinous process extends caudad, curving
dorso-dextrad, with distal portion slightly widened, rounded in outline, but armed
at apex with a spine curved strongly dextro-ventrad to its straight, aciculate apex
and below this armed with a similar spine curved ventrad.
Subgenital plate weakly asymmetrical, due to a very slightly greater production
of the plate toward the sinistral style; weakly convex proximad, deplanate meso-
distad, with latero-distal portions moderately reflexed; lateral margins nearly
straight, subsinuate to apices of latero-distal reflexed portions, there sharply con-
vex-declivent in brief distance to medio-distal deplanate area, the distal margin of
which is moderately convex; styles situated in the angles thus formed, simple,
elongate, cylindrical, with apices rounded, each showing a feeble outward laterad
curvature and about four times as long as wide, in length each eciualling half the
distance between their bases. Limbs and their armament, pulvilli and arolia, as
given for acanthastylata. Tarsal claws specialized; internal flange well developed,
with (four to six) relatively decided but minutely microscopic teeth distad, show-
ing slightly greater specialization than in acanthastylata.
MORGAN HEBARD 63
Allotype. — 9 ; same data as type, hut taken July 28 to August
5, 1916. [Hebard Collection.]
Agrees with male except in the following features. Size somewhat larger. Inter-
ocular space about four-fifths as wide as that between antennal sockets. Tcgmina
and wings slightly more elongate.^" Supra-anal plate moderately transverse, weakly
triangularly produced, with apex strongly but irregularly concave emarginate.
Subgenital plate scoop-shaped, with meso-distal portion narrow and strongly pro-
duced; lateral margins briefly straight to bases of cerci, there convex declivent, with
margin of declivent portions somewhat thickened and armed with numerous,
minute, stout, chitinous spines, biseriately arranged; from the distal extremities
of these declivent portions, the lateral margins are straight and convergent to near
the narrow apex, where they curve briefly and weakly ventrad to their juncture.
General coloration buffy, tinged with buckthorn brown. Head buffy, with two
vertical lines on occiput, a broad band between eyes, a narrower band, convex
ventrad, between ocelli and maculations on face of blackish brown;"' ocelli small,
pale buffy, striking. ^^ Pronotum with disk pictured and dotted much as in acan-
thastylata, but these markings are more obscured, since, in the present material,
the disk is much suffused with cinnamon brown; marginal portions hyaline, with a
faint buffy tinge. Tegmina transparent, buckthorn brown, with cross-veinlets
distad and in area of dextral tegmen, concealed when at rest, conspicuously dark-
ened." Wings hyaline, with a very faint brown tinge, veins buckthorn brown, with
enlarged apices of costal veins cinnamon brown, while proximad of these a verj- faint
and narrow buffy suffusion is appreciable. Dorsal surface of abdomen and cerci as
in N. impar. Ventral surface buckthorn brown, limbs ochraceous-buff, with incon-
spicuous dots of dresden brown to prout's brown on tibiae and tarsi; ventral surface
of abdomen with an irregular proximal suffusion of blackish brown.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
O body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
Gatun, type 10.3 2.7 3.7 ii-7 3-4
Ga^tun, paralype 9.7 2.6 3.4 11. 3 3
9
Porto Bel lo, /'cro/3'/>e .. . 12 3.1 4 11. 7 3.7
Gatun, allotype 12.3 2.8 3.8 12.6 3.7
In addition to the type and allotype, the following paratypes
are at hand.
""Tegmina with seven sinistral and six dextral discoidal sectors; wing with ulnar vein
showing four branches.
"1 These markings are very weak and suffused in the male, clear cut and distinct in the
female.
"- The pale ocelli often become discolored and almost indiscernablc in dried material.
This is true of the female before us.
"^ This is more decided in the male before us, in which these veinlets are prout's brown.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
64 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Porto Bello, Panama, IV, 21, 1912, (Busck), i 9.
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., IV, 7, 1911, (Jennings), i d".
Neoblattella nahua (Saussure ) (Plate III, figure 15.)
1868. Blatta nahua Saussure, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., 2e ser., xx, p. 355. [cf , 9 ,
Mexico.]
1893. Blatta nahua Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. -Am., Orth., i, p. 42, pi.
iv, figs. 19, 20 and 21. [d^, 9 ; Atoyac, Vera Cruz and Tabasco, Mexico.]
The present species bears a very close general resemblance to
N. adspersicollis (Stal), genotype of Neoblattella, these being the
largest known species of the genus. The unusual specialization
of the dorsal surface of the male abdomen leads us to assign it to
a different group, here designated as the Nahua Group, of which
the smaller but similarly specialized and broad A^. fraterna (Saus-
sure and Zehntner) is the only other member known to us.^^
This abdominal specialization may be described as follows. ^^
Fifth dorsal abdominal segment with lateral portions produced,
lateral surface concave with outer margin folded up and over the
outer portion of the concave area, thus forming a partially inclosed
pocket on each side; sixth segment with surface subchitinous meso-
caudad, there, in a small area, with caudal margin concave, leaving
exposed only a brief area of the similarly subchitinous and elsewhere
concealed seventh segment; eighth segment with narrow distal
portion alone visible, margin showing a small indentation opposite
either cereal base, also weakly chitinous mesad; the brief median
portion of this segment, minute exposed portion of seventh and all
but the lateral margins of the sixth segments supplied with scat-
tered hairs.
Porto Bello, Panama, II, 15 to III, 15, 191 1, (Busck), i o", i juv. d", i juv. 9.
Rio Boqueron, Pan., V, 1907, (Busck), i 9.
Alhajuela, Pan., IV, 17, 191 1, (Busck), i cT, i juv. 9.
Taboga Island, Pan,, VI, 9, 1911, (Busck), i 9.
The male from Alhajuela is unusually small: length of body,
15.5; length of pronotum, 3.8; width of pronotum, 5; length of
tegmen, 16.8; width of tegmen, 5 mm. A considerable series of
the species from tropical North America at hand is decidedly con-
9* In adspersicollis the dorsal surface of the male abdomen is unspecialized ; that si^ecics
is found in tropical South America, while nahua ranges from tropical Mexico to Panama.
9^ Saussure and Zehntner's figure, in the Biologia, Orthoptera i, pi. iv, fig. 19, shows
this feature, but only in a superficial manner.
MORGAN HEBARD 65
stant in size and development of the organs of flight. The speci-
men from Taboga Island, however, though of the usual large size
shows moderate tegminal and wing reduction (length of tegmen,
16; width of tegmen, 5.4 mm.).
Neoblattella fraterna (Saussure and Zehntner) (Plate III, figure 16.)
1893. Blatta fraterna Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. -Am., Orth., i, p. 44.
[ cf ; Chontalcs, Nicaragua.]
Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama, IV, 7, 191 1, (Jennings), i cf, i juv. 9 ; VII, 17 to
VIII, 22, 1916, (Harrower), 3 cf, 2 juv. cf , 3 juv. 9 , 3 small juv.
Rio Boqueron, Pan., V, 1907, (Busck), 39.
Tabernilla, C. Z., Pan., VI, 16 and 25, 1907, (Busck), 1 cf , i 9.
Cabima, Pan., V, 17 to 20, 191 1, (Busck), 3 9.
Calidoma Road, Pan., IV, 12, 191 1, (Jennings), 2 juv.
The present species is a member of the Nahua Group. The
young of this insect, which in the adult condition is plainly col-
ored, are strikingly and distinctively marked. The pronotum,
mesonotum and mctanotum are buffy, with two narrow adjacent
medio-longitudinal lines of dark brown, and on each side the
broad translucent margins are bordered internally by bands of
dark brown, which are slightly narrower than the marginal por-
tions, the intervening buffy bands thus formed showing scattered
dark brown dots. The dorsal surface of the abdomen is blackish
brown, punctate to varying degrees with buffy.
LOPHOMETOPUM56 new genus
The present genus shows unquestionable affinity to Neoblattella
Shelford in form and general structure, and particularly in the
differentiated pulvilli and specialized tarsal claws. Nearest affinity
to the Carrikeri Group of that genus is shown.
From Neoblattella it is possible to separate Lophometopiim by
the distinct interocular ridge and the "type B" armament of the
ventro-cephalic margins of the cephalic femora. The coloration
of the tegmina and wings in the only known species of the genus
is of a type previously unknown to us.
In linear arrangement this genus follows Neoblattella and pre-
cedes Blattella Caudcll ; the latter genus is of Old World origin and
distantly related.
5' From X60os = ridge, and ixirwiroi' = (orehea.d. In allusion to the striking transverse
ridge between the eyes.
MEM. ENT. AM. SOC, 4.
66 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
The genus is monotypic. Genotype: Lophometopum leptum
new species.
Generic Description. — Size medium, form slender, structure ex-
tremely delicate for the Group Blattellites. Interocular space nar-
row, formed by a low but striking transverse rounded ridge; the
vertex and inter-ocular-ocellar areas in very different planes, the
latter small, feebly concave, rounding broadly laterad ; ocellar spots
obsolete (possibly distinguishable in fresh material) ; face broad
and moderately convex with lateral margins parallel to clypeal
suture. Eyes prominent dorso-laterad, not extending ventrad
below the antennal bases. Maxillary palpi very elongate; distal
joint short, much shorter than the preceding joints.
Pronotum transverse; disk feebly convex, showing transverse
impressions cephalad and latero-caudad ; lateral margins broad
and scarcely declivent. Tegmina and wings fully developed.
Tegmina with discoidal sectors longitudinal. Wings with costal
veins weakly clubbed, ulnar vein with complete branches, inter-
calated triangle small but distinct. Dorsal surface of male abdo-
men unspecialized, subgenital plate symmetrical.
Limbs extremely long and slender for the Group Blattellites.
Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora armed with (three to
five) elongate (relatively slender for the Group) spines, which are
elongate proximad but rapidly decrease in length distad, succeeded
by a row of well-spaced minute chaetiform spines," terminating
distad in two elongate spines, the more distal the longer. Ventro-
caudal margin of cephalic femora armed with (three and one distal)
elongate and moderately heavy spines; other ventral femoral
margins well supplied with elongate and moderately heavy spines.
Ventral surfaces of four proximal tarsal joints supplied distad with
small pulvilli, the apices of which are produced, filiform, as in Neo-
hlattella. Tarsal claws with a heavy internal flange, its margin
serrate. Delicate arolia present.
Lophometopum leptum new species (Plate IV, figures i to 6.)
This is a really beautiful insect, due to the high polish of its
dorsal surface, its delicate structure and pale brown coloration with
" It is clear that, thouj^h this armament is "type B", the decided and rapid reduction
in length of the proximal heavy spines and the unusually wide spacing of the more distal
chaetiform spines show some convergence toward "type A."
MORGAN HEBARD 67
a broad band of darker brown crossing the tegmina, when at rest,
in their meso-distal portion. We know of no other species of sim-
ilar coloration.
Type. — cf ; Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama. (A. H. Jennings.)
[United States National Museum.]
Supplementing the generic features here given, we would note the following for
this species. Interocular space approximately two-fifths as wide as that between
the antennal sockets. Maxillar\' palpi with third and fourth joints subequal in
length, each about twice as long as interocular width, fifth joint small, enlarged,
slightly over half as long as fourth joint.
Pronotum broad oval, with cephalic margin moderately flattened and caudal
margin broadly flattened, showing a very feeble convexity. Tegmina very elongate,
the median third with margins parallel, the sutural margin showing the greater
convergence distad, the rather sharply rounded apex slightly nearer the costal
margin; discoidal sectors (seven) regular. Wings moderately broad; the moder-
ately elongate costal veins with distal half moderately enlarged, the clubs (seven)
resultantly very elongate; ulnar vein with (four) complete branches, these and the
discoidal and median veins connected by weak transverse veinlets; intercalated
triangle over half as broad as long.
Supra-anal plate with length approximately two-fifths ]:)roximal width, triangu-
larly produced, rectangulate emarginate distad, the apices thus formed broadly
rounded and supplied with a few long hairs, as is the distal portion of the abdomen
and the cerci. Cerci with (eleven) distinct joints, each with lateral margins con-
vex, this convexity sharp proximad and distad beyond the proximal segments
except in the apical segment which is slender and cylindrical; dorsal surface of
cercus feebly convex, ventral surface with segments moderately convex and strongly
cingulate laterad.
Concealed genitalia: the paired plate beneath the supra-anal plate is reduced,
very delicate, the caudal face of each half convex; the remaining organs within the
anal chamber are withdrawn and can not be seen in the type.
Subgenital plate scoop-shaped, symmetrical; lateral portions vertical, margins
straight, parallel, weakly declivent, distad rounding broadly ventrad into distal
two-thirds of free margin which is transverse, with a small rounded ridge on each
side dorsad, each occupying one-third of this section of the free margin; from sockets
at the angles formed by the lateral and mesal portions of the plate spring the similar,
heavy, cylindrical styles, directed dorsad and feebly caudad, three times as long as
wide, their apices subchitinous dorso-caudad, each supplied dorso-cephalad with
two minute uncinate teeth which curve over the soft areas.
Head shining, ochraceous-buff ; eyes and a broad interocular band blackish brown.
Limbs and spines immaculate ochraceous-buff. Ventral surface of abdomen shin-
ing blackish brown, except narrowly proximo-laterad where it is ochraceous-buff.
Pronotum shining; disk ochraceous-tawny with three very inconspicuous pairs of
darker flecks, lateral margins transparent faintly tinged with brown. Tegmina
transparent, faintly tinged with brown except in penultimate fifth, where the areas
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
68 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
exposed when at rest are translucent prout's brown in a broad transverse band,
beyond this the tips are transparent, very faintly tinged with brown; portion of
dextral tegmen concealed when at rest, faintly tinged with brown, the transverse
dark band there fading out rapidly. Wings transparent, faintly tinged with brown,
except in area of enlarged portions of costal veins which is prout's brown, this area,
when tegmina and wings are at rest, lying beneath the dark transverse tegminal
band. Dorsal surface of abdomen buffy, supra-anal plate with all borders washed
with prout's brown. Cerci buffy, except first and last joints, which are prout's
brown.
Length of body, 9.5; length of pronotum, 2.8; width of pronotum, 3.8; length of
tegmen, 12. i ; width of tegmen, 3.75; length of caudal femur, 4.45; length of caudal
tibia, 5.7; length of caudal tarsal joints, 3.3; length of cercus, 3.1 mm.
In the immature condition the coloration is very similar, except that the dorsal
surface of the abdomen is prout's brown laterad in the distal half, this increasing to
the supra-anal plate and cerci which are entirely of that color.
In addition to the type we have two immature examples, taken
by A. H. Jennings on the upper Rio Pequeni, Chagres Basin,
Panama.
Blattella germanica (Linnaeus) (Plate V, figure 16.)
1767. [Blatta] germanica Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. XH, p. 668. [Denmark.]
Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama, VIII, 6 to 22, 1916, (Harrower),i 9 ; (Jennings),
Id".
Tabernilla, C. Z., Pan., V, 9, 1907, (Busck), i 9.
Ancon, C. Z., Pan., I, 12, 191 1, (Busck), i 9 ; (Jennings), i 9.
Ischnoptera nox new species (Plate IV, figure 7.)
The present species shows a somewhat intermediate condition
between the known forms of the Morio and Rufa Groups. The
black coloration suggests the known species of the former, while
the subchitinous area of the male supra-anal plate is more extensive
than in any of the known species of the Rufa Group, though by
no means as large or as highly developed as in the known species
of the Morio Group.
From the sum of the characters observed we place nox in the
Rufa Group, after vulpina Hebard and before rufa rufa (De Geer).
The tegmina and wings are somewhat more elongate than in rufa
rufa, much as are frequently found in rufa occidentalis Saussure,
but proportionately not as elongate as in vulpina. The distinctive
male supra-anal plate is clearly a further development of the type
found in rufa rufa, the subgenital plate in this sex closely resembles
MORGAN HEBARD 69
the type found in rufa debilis Hebard.^^ Females are distinguished
by their general black coloration and decidedly smaller size than
those of the known species of the Morio Group.
Type.— d"; Porto Bello, Panama. April 20, 1912. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Size medium large; form moderately stout, slightly more slender than is normal in
mfa riifa. Interocular space rather narrow, about two-thirds as wide as that
between the ocelli, about one-third as wide as that between the antennal sockets.
Ocelli large and distinct, flattened surfaces of ocellar areas forming a rather sharp
angle with inter-ocular-ocellar area, in this respect agreeing more closely with /. morio
Burmeister. Maxillary palpi rather short; fourth joint slightly shorter than third
and but two-thirds as long as fifth (distal) joint, much as in morio. Latero-caudal
sulci of pronotal disk distinct. Tegmina and wings fully developed, much as in
rufa rufa, tegmina more slender, portion of dextral tegmen concealed when at rest,
not strikingly transparent. Wings suffused, with veins dark. Dorsal surface of
abdomen specialized as is characteristic for the genus. ''^
Supra-anal plate produced, with lateral margins moderately convergent to
median portion (over one-third of whole) where the greatest production occurs,
this portion not as broad as in rufa rufa, the margin there being convex and
supplied with long hairs, the entire surface subchitinous to and including the caudal
margin, thus forming a broad transverse oval.
Concealed genitalia: titillator alone visible; elongate, with dextral margin straight,
sinistral margin convex, widening from narrow proximal portion and then tapering
to the straight acute apex, entire surface thickly covered with minute short teeth
directed distad.
Subgenital plate strongly asymmetrical, surface convex except at produced
portion where it is moderately concave; produced portion semicircular; sinistral
style situated at sinistral base of produced portion, unspecialized, straight, elongate,
conical, about three times as long as width at its slightly enlarged base; dextral
style situated slightly sinistrad of mesal point on margin of produced portion,
directed rather strongly sinistrad in thick basal portion, mesad bent more strongly
sinistrad with distal portion conical and armed with a number of straight spiniform
teeth.
Allotype.— 9 ; Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Agrees with male in ambisexual characters, differing in the following features.
Size slightly larger, form appreciably broader with pronotum more ample. Inter-
ocular space very slightly wider than that between the ocelli. Ocellar areas not
fully as sharply defined. Tegmina and wings proportionately fully as elongate as
in the male, well surpassing the cereal extremities. Supra-anal plate with margin
very feebly concave at cereal bases, between these triangularly produced with apex
9» Figured, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xlii, pi. xvi, fig. 6, (1916).
39 See Hebard, Mem. Am. Ent. Soc, 2, p. 62, (1917).
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
70 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
bluntly rounded,"" briefly subchitinous meso-distad, length nearly half proximal
width. Subgenital plate conv-ex, very broad, with free margin evenly and very
broadly convex, truncate mesad.
Head blackish brown, ocelli and mouth-parts buffy, maxillary palpi with distal
joint darkened. Limbs buffy. Ventral surface of abdomen blackish brown. Pro-
notum blackish brown. Tegmina translucent, dark chestnut brown, becoming
slightly paler distad ; portion of dextral tegmen concealed when at rest, transparent
and slightly paler. Wings transparent, with a faint tinge of brown, the entire
area of the costal veins chestnut brown, other principal veins and connecting
veinlets chestnut brown. Dorsal surface of abdomen chestnut brown, paler proxi-
mad. Cerci dark chestnut brown.
A paratypic female differs in having the mouth-parts all darker, the limbs dark
chestnut brown.
Measurements {in millimeters)
.ength of
Length of
Width of
Length of
Width of
Length of
body
pronotum
pronotum
tegmen
tegmen
caudal tarsal
joints
■ 14
3-4
4-5
15
3-9
4-3
. 17.2
4.6
5-7
17
4-7
5-3
. 16.7
4.8
5-8
17-3
4-9
4-7
cf , Porto Bello, type ... 14
9 , Tabernilla, allotype
9 , Chorrera, paratype
In addition to the type and allotype, a paratypic female is at
hand, taken at Chorrera, Panama, on May 17, 1912, by A. Busck.
Ischnoptera rufa rufa (DeGeer) (Plate IV, figure 8.)
1773. Blatta rufa DeGeer, Mem. I'Hist. Ins., iii, p. 539, pi. 44, fig. 7. [Surinam.]
1916. Ischnoptera rufa rufa Hebard, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xlii, p. 346, pi. xvi, figs.
3 and 4. [Detailed discussion.]
Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama, VII, 17 to VIII, 22, 1916, (Harrower), i cf , 3 9.
Lion Hill, C. Z., Pan., VII, 28, 1907, (Busck), i d^.
Alhajuela, C. Z., Pan., Ill, 4, 1912, (Busck), i 9.
Tabernilla, C. Z., Pan., VI, 20 to VII, 31, 1907, (Busck), 2cf, i 9.
Empire, C. Z., Pan., XI, 14, 1913, (Hebard; under debris on edge of jungle),
I juv. cf.
Zone limit five miles west of Empire, C. Z., Pan., XI, 14, 1913, (Hebard; under
rubbish on edge of jungle), i cf .
Paraiso, C. Z., Pan., IV, 24, 191 1, (Busck), i 9.
Corozal, C. Z., Pan., IV, 26 and 27, 191 1, (Busck), 3 cf .
"" A paratypic female at hand has the supra-anal plate with apex truncate. Such
variation in the female supra-anal plate appears to be general in the group and led Saus-
sure and Zehntner to describe conformts, a synonym of riifa occidentalis Saussure, based
on this feature of difference. This is well shown in figures 24 and 25 of plate iii, Biol.
Cent.-Am., Orth., i, both of which represent examples of rufa occidentalis Saussure. We
unfortunately synonymized conformis under ritfa rufa instead of under rufa occidentalis
and take the present opportunity to correct this error made in 1916, Trans. Am. Ent.
Soc, xlii, p. 346.
MORGAN HEBARD 7I
Ancon, C. Z., Pan., (Jennings), I (f .
Panama, Pan., 1913, (Zetek), i o^, [United States National Museum].
The present series shows Httle variation, as is characteristic of
the present race. This is in strong contrast with the exceptional
amount of individual variation usually found in rufa occidentalis
Saussure.
Ischnoptera rufa occidentalis Saussure (Plate IV, figures 9 and 10.)
1862. I[schnoptcra] occidciilalis Saussure, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., (2), xiv, p. 170.
[ 9 ; New [Orleans, Louisiana].]
1893. Ischnoptera coriformis Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. -Am., Orlh., i,
p. 37, pi. iii, fig. 25. [ 9 , Nicaragua.]
Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama, (Busck), i cf .
Cabima, Pan., V, 19, 191 1, (Busck), i 9.
Chorrera, Pan., V, 14, 1912, (Busck), i 9.
These specimens show not only the highest development in the
present race as to size, but also in intensification of coloration and
in the diagnostic features of the male genitalia. It is therefore
evident that we ha\'e in Panama no intergradation between rufa
rufa and rufa occidentalis, but instead the most divergent type
developed in the latter plastic race, contrasting strongly with the
constant rufa rufa.
The distribution of rufa occidentalis is now known to extend in
continental North America from the subtropical regions of the
Gulf of Mexico southward to Panama; that of rufa rufa from the
northeastern portion of South America westward to Panama and
northward throughout the West Indies. It is possible that rufa
originally passed from the West Indies to continental North Amer-
ica, and that the area where intergradation between rufa rufa
and rufa occidentalis would occur no longer exists. If so, we would
find in Panama the western limit of the distribution of typical rufa
and the most southern point reached by rufa occidentalis. In this
way alone do we feel able to account for the signal differentiation
between these two races in the same region. The convergence
in the large series of rufa occidentalis before us toward typical rufa
shows definitely that these two types represent races, and nothing
more, of one and the same species.
The material here studied of rufa occidentalis is in every way
similar to specimens from Pozo Aziil, a locality in the southwestern
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
72 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
lowlands of Costa Rica, about ten miles up the Rio Pirris.^"^
This optimum type probably represents an incipient geographic
race, but as yet has not reached a sufficient degree of differentia-
tion to warrant nominal recognition.
That the present insect, though not domiciliary, thrives about
human habitations under litter of all kinds, must be considered
in studying material. It is this factor which increases the possibil-
ity of specimens being found adventive and not peculiar to the
locality at which they were secured.
The concealed male genitalia in this species are very complex.
The genital hook is simple, the titillator specialized distad (plate
IV, fig. 9), this specialization more decided in riifa debilis Hebard
and ruja occidentalis than in ruja rufa. The paired plate beneath
the supra-anal plate is highly specialized on both sides, developed
into chitinous lobes and shafts, of which the sinistro-dorsal shows the
greatest specialization. The usual development of this shaft is here
shown (plate IV, fig. 10). Individual variation occurs in which one
or both of the marginal teeth disappear, and in ruja occidentalis the
shaft occasionally is much broader, or much more elongate and
slender. In rufa occidentalis the ventral surface of the supra-anal
plate frequently bears a large, irregularly rounded, mesal lobe cov-
ered with stiff bristles, or is unspecialized as is normal in ruja rufa.
These features of variability in the male concealed genitalia are a
very unusual occurrence in the Blattidae.
Ischnoptera gatunae^^^ new species (Plate IV, figure 11.)
The present species belongs to a group of elongate, light brown
forms, having the latero-caudal sulci of the pronotal disk well
developed and in some of the species distinctively colored. This
group we would call the Gatunae Group; it apparently follows
the Rufa Group and precedes the Apolinari Group in linear position,
the latter coming before the second section of the genus, which
includes a number of groups of relatively much smaller species.
i°i For a discussion of this material and the variability of this race, see Hebard, Trans.
Am. Ent. Soc, xlii, p. 354, (1916).
'"^ The material of this species was taken on the Rio Trinidad, in an area now Hooded
by (iatun Lake.
MORGAN HE BARD 73
When compared with a female of /. bergrothi (Griffini),!''-'' fg_
males of this species are found to differ in the narrower interocular
space (.5 instead of .7 millimeter in width) and pronotum with
disk largely sufTused, latero-caudal sulci not distinctively colored
and caudal marginal portion transparent. We feel satisfied that
when the male sex of bergrothi is found, further distinctive features
in the genitalia will be noted.
Type. — cT ; Rio Trinidad, Panama. March 7,1912. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Size medium large, form slender. Interocular space narrow (.3 millimeter),
about one-third as wide as that between antennal sockets, four-fifths as wide as
interocellar space. Ocelli large and distinct, flattened surfaces of ocellar areas
forming a moderately sharp angle with interocellar area. Maxillary palpi moder-
ately short; fifth (distal) joint very slightly longer than third. Latero-caudal sulci
of pronotal disk pronounced. Tegmina and wings extending beyond apex of abdo-
men nearly twice the cereal length. Tegmina elongate and narrow, with portion
of dextral tegmen, concealed when at rest, transparent though slightly suffused.
Dorsal surface of abdomen specialized as is characteristic of the genus. '"^
Supra-anal plate trapeziform produced, with latero-caudal angles rounded and
margin between transverse; feebly and irregularly subchitinous in a small median
area, just dextrad of which the ventral surface of the plate is produced ventrad in a
thick heavy plate with apex rounded.
Paired plate beneath supra-anal plate specialized on each side, the dorsal chiti-
nous arms, of which the dextral is much the longer, each armed with a distal spine;
beneath the sinistral of these is a heavy lobiform plate which is heavily spined dor-
sad, while dextrad is a large chitinous lobe covered with elongate hairs. Titillator
very similar to that of /. riifa occidentalis Saussure (plate IV, fig. 9).
Subgenital plate hairy, strongly asymmetrical, surface convex except in produced
portion, where it is moderately concave; dextral portion of free margin strongly
convex to brief median portion of plate, which is weakly triangularly produced ; the
dextral style at the apex, about twice as long as basal width. tai)ering slightly to its
rounded apex, which is covered dorsad with minute teeth, this style directed sinistro-
caudad, so that its dextral margin is an almost even continuation of the dextral
margin of the produced portion of the plate; sinistral margin feebly convex, then
feebly concave to median produced portion, at the base of which is situated the
very small sinistral style, suboval, straight, supplied in distal half of sinistral face
with minute teeth, about three-quarters as long as dextral style and situated at a
distance from it of slightly less than its own length.
103 \Ye have two Costa Rican females, apparently of that species, described from a
single female from Punta de Sal)ana, Darien, (Panama).
'"^ Described; Mem. .\m. Hnt. Soc, 2, p. 62, (1917).
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
74 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Limbs and armament of same as characteristic for the genus. First four caudal
tarsal joints supplied distad with moderately well developed simple pulvilli. Small
arolia present.
Allotype. — 9 ; same data as type, but taken March 23, 1912.
[United States National Museum.]
This sex differs from the male in the following characters. Size slightly larger,
form broader but still very slender for the genus. Interocular width (.5 milli-
meter) slightly less than that between the ocelli, slightly more than half the width
between the antennal sockets. Ocellar areas as sharply defined but angle with
interocellar area not as sharp. Tegmina and wings proportionately fully as elon-
gate as in male. Supra-anal plate one-half as long as basal width; lateral margins
straight and moderately convergent to mesal third between cerci, there the plate is
produced with margins feebly convex convergent to the blunt apex. Subgenital
plate moderately convex, very broad, with free margin evenly and broadly convex.
Head dark chestnut brown; ocelli light buff. Antennae mummy brown, except
first joint which is ochraceous-buff. Mouthparts, maxillary palpi, limbs and ven-
tral surface of abdomen ochraceous-buff, the latter strongly tinged with cinnamon
brown. Pronotum with disk heavily suffused wath cinnamon brown in a vague
pattern; lateral portions ochraceous-buff, this narrowly invading the disk cephalad
of the latero-caudal sulci; caudal portions transparent. Tegmina translucent,
dresden brown, the marginal field paler. Wings transparent, area between costal
veins dark chestnut brown, shading to cinnamon brown toward the free margin
and in the entire distal portion beyond the humeral vein; colorless between the dark
chestnut brown principal veins; radiate field slightly tinged with brown. Dorsal
surface of abdomen buckthorn brown, suffused laterad with prout's brown. Cerci
prout's brown.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of
Length of
Width of
Length of
Width of
&
body
pronotum
pronotum
tegmen
tegmen
Rio Trinidad, type
16
3-6
4.8
16.2
4-4
Rio Trinidad, paratype .
9
Rio Trinidad, allotype. .
■ 13-5
3-3
4-7
15
4.2
15-5
4
5-5
16.7
4.6
Rio Trinidad, paratype .
• 145
3-9
4-9
15-7
4-4
Rio Trinidad, paratype .
14.6
4
4-9
16.8
4-7
In addition to the type and allotype, one male and two female
paratypes are at hand, l)earing the same data but taken March
28 to May 9, 191 1 and 191 2.
MORGAN HEBARD 75
Ischnoptera inca Saussure and Zehntner (Plate I\', figure 12.)
1893. Ischnoptera inca Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. -Am., Orth., i, p. 38, pi.
iv, fig. 23. [Senahu, Vera Paz, Guatemala.]
It is to be noted that material from Peru is included with the
original description, described as a \ariety. We here select Sen-
ahu, Guatemala, as the type locality for mca. Consequently,
should Peruvian material prove to be a distinct species, as is very
probable, it will require a different name.
Rio Trinidad, Panama, VI, 4, 1912, (Busck), I 9.
Cabima, Pan., V, 29 and 30, 191 1, (Busck), 2o^.
It is much to be regretted that the male genitalia were \irtually
undescribed, a brief and unsatisfactory description of the supra-
anal plate alone having been given.
The sizejs either somewhat variable in this insect, or more than
one species of this type, with solidly black pronotum and antennae
yellowish beyond the proximal portion, is represented in material
before us. The material here recorded shows in tegminal length:
cf, 8.7 to 8.9; 9, 8.3 millimeters. A female from Costa Rica
shows for this dimension, 10.8; one from Nicaragua, 9.3 milli-
meters.
Ischnoptera mirella new si)ecies (Plate IV, figure 13.)
In the solidly dark pronotum and antennae this diminutive
insect agrees with /. crispula Rehn and /. castanea Saussure (the
male type of the former from Para, Brazil, and a male of the latter
species from Igarape-assu, Para, Brazil, are before us), while in
size and general colorati(jn further agreement with the latter spe-
cies is found.
The male genitalia of the present species are, however, of a
remarkable type showing no affinity to any of the previously
described species of the genus.
Type. — cf ; Porto Bello, Panama. April 17, 1912. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Size small, form moderately slender as in castanea. Interocular space broad,
intermediate between the width between the ocelli and that between the antennal
sockets. Ocelli large and distinct, flattened surface of ocellar areas forming a
moderately sharp angle with the interocellar area. Maxillary palpi short; fifth
(distal) joint,slightly longer than third, which joint is slightly longer than the fourth.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
76 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Pronotal disk with latero-caudal sulci very pronounced, as in /. mca Saussure and
Zehntner. Tegmina and wings extending beyond apex of abdomen nearly twice
the cereal length. Wings with well developed intercalated triangle. Dorsal sur-
face of abdomen specialized, as is characteristic of males of the genus, with the
exception that the raised portion of the seventh abdominal segment is unusually
large, horse-shoe shaped, with dorsal surface deplanate and subchitinous.
Supra-anal plate very highly specialized; strongly produced, straight, directed-
caudad with a moderate inclination sinistrad, extending to distal portion of sinistral
cercus, the produced portion about twice as long as broad, curled over longitudi-
nally sinistrad so that the sinistral portion of the free margin is ventrad, the dorsal
surface there longitudinally convex, bordered dextrad by a shallowly concave chan-
nel, beyond this deflexed so that the dextral portion of the free margin is ventrad in
the produced portion of the plate; sinistral margin straight, curving upward distad
to the brief transverse distal margin, supplied with a heavy fringe of agglutinated
chaetiform spines which distad project beyond the distal margin; distal margin
straight, subchitinous, moderately oblique, the greater production of the plate
being sinistrad; dextral margin showing a strong subcircular emargination sinistrad
of cereal base, thence nearly straight along produced portion of plate, showing a
moderate oblique inclination sinistrad in proximal half, this weaker in distal half,
the dextro-caudal angle rounded and supplied with moderately numerous hairs.
From the shape of the produced portion of the supra-anal plate nearly a third of the
dextral portion of the anal chamber is exposed from above. Cerci with (eleven)
distinct joints, feebly convex dorsad, strongly so ventrad with cingulation of lateral
margins very weak, subobsolete as is usual in the small species of the genus.
Concealed genitalia: without dissection we can only observe that the paired
plate beneath the supra-anal plate is flattened into a chitinous wall cephalad, from
which projects at the base of the dextral cercus a minute upcurved process with apex
aciculate, beneath which is a short heavier projection armed along its dextral mar-
gin distad with four minute but heavy and regular teeth.
Subgenital plate subtriangular; sinistral margin feebly convex to apex, showing a
small concavity slightly beyond the mesal point, from a socket there situated
springs a very minute simple style feebly tapering to its unarmed rounded apex,
slightly over twice as long as basal width, dextral margin slightly more strongly
convex, apex surmounted by a highly specialized (the dextral) style, which latter
from a slender base projects caudad to a rounded apex, its entire sinistral surface
produced in a feebly tapering cylindrical arm which curves sinistro-proximad and fits
within the distal portion of the production of the supra-anal plate, the distal portion
of this arm supplied with minute scattered teeth (see plate IV, fig. 13)- Arma-
ment of limbs as characteristic for the genus. Four proximal caudal tarsal joints
supplied ventro-distad with moderately well developed pulvilli. Arolia very small.
Head shining, very dark chestnut brown, ocelli, mouthparts and proximal joints
of maxillary palpi buffy, the two distal joints of the maxillary palpi heavily washed
with chestnut brown. Antennae dark chestnut brown. Pronotum shining, uni-
form dark chestnut brown. Tegmina translucent, heavily suffused with chestnut
brown except in portion of costal field toward costal margin which is paler, buffy.
MORGAN HEBARD 77
Wings with costal field and all veins rather dark chestnut brown, all remaining
portions of wing except proximal two-thirds of anterior field strongly tinged with
chestnut brown. Dorsal surface of abdomen shining, rather dark chestnut brown.
Cerci chestnut brown. Ventral surface of abdomen chestnut brown, slightly paler
meso-proximad. Limbs bufi"y, except proximal portions of coxae which are suffused
with chestnut brown, spines, tawny.
Length of body, 10.2; length of pronotum, 2.8; width of pronotum, 3.3; length of
tegmen, 11 ; width of tegmen, 2.9; length of cercus, 2; length of caudal femur, 4;
length of caudal metatarsus, 2; length of succeeding caudal tarsal joints, 1.9 milli-
meters.
The type of this remarkable species is unique.
Ischnoptera panamae new species (Plate IV, figures 14 and 15.)
This species in general appearance resembles /, tolteca Saussure.^"^
The description of /. 7iana Saussure and Zehntner would indicate
nearest relationship to that species, but so insufficient is it that
nothing definite as to the real degree of affinity can be ascertained.
From that description, it appears that the present insect differs from
nana in having the latero-caudal sulci of the pronotal disk distinct,
not obsolete, while the styles of the male subgenital plate can hardly
be termed normal. '^"'^ In every case where males have been available
for comparison, the genitalia for each species of the second section
of the genus Ischnoptera have been found not only highly specialized
but very distinctive.
Type. — cf ; Empire, Canal Zone, Panama. November 14, 191 3.
(]\I, Hebard.) [Hebard Collection, Type no. 488.]
Size small, form moderately slender, much as in /. mirella here described. Inter-
ocular space moderately broad, slightly narrower than that between the ocelli,
hardly three-fifths that between the antennal sockets. Ocelli large and distinct,
flattened surface of ocellar areas forming a blunter angle with the interocellar area
than in mirella. Maxillary palpi short, fifth (distal) and third joints subequal in
length, distinctly longer than fourth. Latero-caudal sulci of pronotal disk moder-
ately decided.'"'' Tegmina and wings extending a short distance beyond apices of
'"^ The unstudied collections at hand contain a number of species which, though in
general appearance closely resembling tolteca, show remarkable male genitalic features
of specific diagnostic value.
'"* From the measurements given for nana, the present species differs in the shorter
pronotum and the more elongate tegmina. We regret that we do not, however, feel
the confidence in the accuracy of the measurements given in this portion of the Biologia
Centrali-Amcricana, probably taken by Zehntner, necessary to make ihem of any great
value for close comparisons.
'"^ In some individuals ot the scries more strongly indicated than in others.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
78 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
the cerci. Wings with a moderately well developed intercalated triangle. Dorsal
surface of abdomen specialized as is characteristic of the genus; eighth segment with
caudal margin rather strongly concave.
Supra-anal plate symmetrical, slightly over half as long as basal width; trapezi-
form produced between the cerci, with latero-caudal angles rounded and distal por-
tion curled briefly ventrad, this decurved surface hairy, the transverse distal margin
very feebly obtuse-angulate emarginate with apex of emargination rounded, this
margin with ventral surface supplied with a narrow fringe of chaetiform spines
directed cephalad. Cerci with joints (ten to twelve in the series) as in mirella.
Concealed genitalia: paired plate beneath supra-anal plate developed into two
large disks, forming the basal wall of the anal chamber, the dextral overlapping the
sinistral, the distal margins of these plates supplied with short heavy teeth (plate
IV, fig. 15): titillatpr with apex simple and aciculate.
Subgenital plate with surface weakly convex, supplied with scattered hairs; sinis-
trad produced for a brief distance and curled under the cercus, the free margin of
this portion fringed with chaetiform spines; dextrad produced about twice the
length of the sinistral production and similarly curled under the cercus, the distal
extremity of the dextral free margin bearing within a conical process much heavier
than, and as long as, the largest style, its blunt apex supplied with a tuft of elongate
agglutinated chaetiform spines, this directed sinistrad and entirely within the anal
chamber; beyond these lateral portions the distal margin is transverse and weakly
concave on each side, the remaining median third briefly produced, trapezoidal, the
dextral production slightly the greater; sinistral style at sinistro-distal angle of this
production, small, rather slender, cylindrical, over four times as long as proximal
width, with apex bearing a few minute teeth; dextral style at dextro-distal angle of
this production, similar to sinistral style but about three-quarters as large, extending
a very slight distance further caudad, due to the general greater production of the
plate in the dextral portion.
Armament of limbs as characteristic for the genus. Four proximal caudal tarsal
joints supplied ventro-distad with small pulvilli. Arolia small.
Allotype. — 9 ; same data as type. [Hebard Collection.]
This sex differs from the male in the following features. Size distinctly larger.^"*
form more robust. Interocular space broader, but, due to the broader head, show-
ing the same proportionate width to that between the ocelli and that between the
antennal sockets. Ocelli not as large and angle with interocellar area not as sharp.
Tegmina and wings proportionately fully as elongate as in male. Supra-anal plate
triangularly produced with lateral margins feebly convex and apex showing indi-
cation of emargination. loa Subgenital plate moderately convex except toward
i"8 The decided variation in size and coloration of the four females at hand would
cause uncertainty, as to whether more than one species is represented, were it not for the
fact that they agree closely in general structure, differing only in features which can not
be considered of specific diagnostic value, while the fourteen males before us are readily
recognizable as belonging to but one species.
i"" In the series varying from a type in which the apex is rounded, to one in which it is
distinctly emarginate, forming two well-rounded i)rojections.
MORGAN HEBARD 79
cereal bases where feeble concavity is indicated, very broad, with free margin
evenly and broadly convex.
Head blackish chestnut brown, ocelli, mouthparts and maxillary palpi buffy.
Antennae mummy brown. Pronotum shining, chestnut brown, narrowly margined
laterad, except more broadly in area just caudad of discal sulci, and very narrowly
margined cephalad with warm bufif, the disk with a medio-longitudinal streak of
tawny, which is broadest before the caudal margin. Tegmina translucent, light
chestnut brown, with costal field dark in internal half, chestnut brown and in
half toward costal margin warm buff. Wings ver\- wcakh- suffused with brown,
area of costal veins darker. Dorsal surface of abdomen bufi'y suffused with prout's
brown, darkened distad. Cerci chestnut brown. Proximal portion of coxae black-
ish chestnut brown, the remaining portions of the limbs buff\- with spines tawny.
Ventral surface of abdomen blackish brown, except mesad and narrowh- along the
caudal margins of the segments, where it is buffy.
The series of males approximate this, the type, in coloration. In the maximum
recessive condition the dark portions of the pronotal disk are much reduced, russet,
the pale median line more extensive and continued out each of the latero-caudal
sulci to the pale lateral margin, thus dividing the dark suffusion of the pronotal
disk into four parts.
The females are all more intensive in coloration than the males. The allotype
has the entire pronotum blackish chestnut brown, except the narrow pale margin
and a narrow suffused medio-longitudinal line of hazel. Those from Old Panama
and Panama City show only a feeble trace of the medio-longitudinal line of paler
coloration, while the specimen from Chorrera has the pronotal disk solidly blackish
chestnut brown. In the two darkest examples the distal portion of the fourth
and all of the fifth joints of the maxillary palpi are heavily suffused with blackish
chestnut brown.
A large immature female is entirely blackish brown, except for a paler longitutinal
suffusion mesad on the mesonotum and metanotum of russet, and the cephalo-
lateral margins of the pronotum and lateral margins of the mesonotum and metano-
tum which are ochraceous-buff.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
O body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
Gatun, paratype 8 2.2 2.9 9 2.8
Rio Trinidad, />ara/v/>£'i" (7) 8.2-9.8 2.3-2.6 3-3-2 9.7-10 2.9-3
Empire, /v/>e 9.4 2.7 3.2 9.8 3
Old Panam^i, /5ara/v/JC5 (2) 8.4-9.8 2.2-2.3 3~3-2 9-98 2.9-3
9
Empire, o//o/y/>^ 10.7 2.9 3.7 10 3.1
Old Panama, /jara/y/jc .. . 11. 9 2.9 3.8 il 3.6
Panama City, />ara/y/>e . . 9 2.7 3.3 9.2 2.9
Chorrera., paratype 12 2.9 3.9 12 3.7
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
80 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
In addition to the type and allotype the following series of
paratypes is before us.
Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama, VII, 12 to 15, 1916, (Harrower), i c?.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., Ill, 7 to VI, 4, 191 1 and 1912, (Busck), 7 c?.
Empire, C. Z., Pan., XI, 14, 1913, (Hebard; under rubbish on edge of jungle),
I cf, I juv. 9 in instar preceding maturity.
Paraiso, C. Z., Pan., IV, 24, 191 1, (Busck), 2cf.
Old Panama, Pan., XI, 13, 1913, (Hebard; under drift on edge of coral sand
beach), 26", i 9.
Panama City, Pan., XI, 1913, (Zetek), i 9, [United States National Museum].
Chorrera, Pan., V, 17, 1912, (Busck), i 9.
Xestoblatta festae (Griffini)
1896. E[pihwipra] festae Griffini, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. comp. Univ. Torino, xi,
no. 236, p. 2. [[ 9 ], Punta de Sabana, Darien.]
1916. Xestoblatta festae Hebard, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xlii, p. 377, pi. xix, figs. 8
to II. [Detailed discussion of both sexes.]
Porto Bello, Panama, IV, 20, 1912, (Busck), i 9.
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., VII, 19 to 22, 1916, (Harrower), i 9.
Xestoblatta immaculata new species (Plate IV, figure 16.)
This, one of the finest species of the Group Ischnopterites, is
readily distinguished from any of the described forms of the present
genus by its larger size, immaculate and paler coloration and form
of interocular space. The male genitalia will probably be found to
be very distinctive.
In linear arrangement we would place this species after the highly
colored X. nyctiboroides (Rehn) and before X. carrikeri Hebard.
It appears to represent a distinctive type, as does nyctihoroides.
The decided width of the interocular space and proportions of
the joints of the maxillary palpi show nearer agreement with
carrikeri.
Type.— 9 ; Alhajuela, Panama. March 10, 1912. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Size very large and form broad for the Group. Head with interocular space very
broad; narrower ventrad (dorsad 1.8, ventrad i.i millimeters), due to the internal
margins of the eyes being moderately convergent, not subparallcl as in the other
known species of the genus; least interocular width equal to that between the ocelli,
little less than that between the antennal sockets, these proportions much as in the
female sex of carrikeri. Ocellar spots distinct, not well developed as in Ischnoptera,
ocellar area weakly defined. Pronotum as characteristic of the genus, evenly and
MORGAN HEBARD 8 1
distinctly convex; lateral margins very feebly cingulate; greatest width meso-
caudad; caudal margin transverse, but showing a broad and weak convexity mesad.
Tegmina and wings broad and reaching slightly beyond the cereal apices; venation
as characteristic of the genus, veins numerous (ulnar vein of wing with five com-
plete and seven incomplete branches). Sixth dorsal abdominal segment with
latero-caudal angles sharply rectangulate, not produced caudad; seventh segment
with a heavy rounded chitinous projection laterad on each side; eighth segment
simple.
Supra-anal plate rotundato-trigonal produced between the cerci, length distinctly
less than half the basal width, less strongly chitinous toward apex with free margin
supplied with hairs. Subgenital plate very ample, strongly convex; free margin
convex, flattened toward cerci, narrowly curled dorsad in median portion, this
brief area showing a medio-longitudinal cleft or sulcation. Limbs and armament of
same as characteristic of the genus. Four proximal caudal tarsal joints supplied
disto-ventrad with moderately large rounded pulvilli. Arolia small.
Head immaculate ochraceous-tawny, eyes blackish mummy brown. Ocelli
and proximal antennal joint pale ochraceous-tawny, antennae cinnamon brown.
Maxillary palpi pale ochraceous-tawny, the distal joint ochraceous-tawny. Pro-
notum immaculate zinc orange tinged with tawny, deepening slightly to tawny
along caudal margin. Tegmina translucent, tawny, except costal field which is
ochraceous-bufY with feebly cingulate margin tawny. Wings transparent, with a
faint tawny tinge, except in area of costal veins where they are tinged with buffy,
becoming weak tawny in entire distal portion of anterior field. Mesonotum, meta-
notum and dorsal surface of abdomen ochraceous-bufT, shading to dull ochraceous-
orange in distal portion of abdomen. Cerci cinnamon brown. Ventral surface of
abdomen tawny, deepening to russet on subgenital plate. Limbs ochraceous-tawny,
deepening to tawny on tibiae and tarsi.
Length of body, 22.5; length of pronotum, 5.9; width of pronotum, 7.8; length of
tegmen, 21 ; width of tegmen, 6.8; length of wing, 18.8; depth of wing, 12; length of
caudal tibia, 8.2; length of cercus, 3.9 millimeters.
In addition to the type, two immature examples, taken at Porto
Bello, Panama, February 28, 191 1 and April 20, 1912, by Busck,
are before us. These have the head, pronotum and cerci sanford's
brown, the remainini^ portions blackish chestnut, the tarsi dis-
tinctively marked with buffy in a very broad annulus on the
metatarsus and the proximal portion of the ultimate tarsal joint.
Their length is 10.2 and 12.4 millimeters respectively.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
82 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
EUPHYLLODROMIA Shelford
1908. Euphyllodromia Shelford, Gen. Ins., 73me fasc, Orthoptera, Blattidae,
Phyllodromiinae, p. 17.
This name was proposed as of subgeneric value for the American
species previously assigned to Pseiidophyllodromia Brunner.^^o
We consider that it represents a unit of full generic value.
In the subgenus were included twelve species. Genotype;
here selected. — [Blatta] Euphyllodromia angustata (Latreille).
The following features are considered of generic diagnostic
importance. Size small, structure extremely delicate. Head very
broad, not covered by pronotum. Eyes well separated and prom-
inent, projecting laterad. Pronotum transverse, lateral margins
weakly deflexed, oblique sulci of disk weak. Tegmina fully devel-
oped in both sexes; discoidal vein angulate near apex of anal field;
discoidal sectors few (three), with intermediate veins, which become
obsolete proximad, longitudinal. Wings narrow; costal veins
thickened in distal half, ulnar vein with few branches (one to four,
the latter number due to further distal ramification of the branches),
intercalated triangle very narrow. Dorsal surface of male abdo-
men with sixth segment specialized mesad, the segments showing
further specialization of the latero-caudal angles. Female sub-
genital plate strongly cleft meso-distad. Ventro-cephalic margins
of cephalic femora armed with a few heavy spines, succeeded by a
more closely placed row of minute chaetiform spines, terminating in
three heavy spines, elongate in increasing ratio distad. Fourth
tarsal joint alone supplied with a large pulvillus which occupies its
entire ventral surface. ^^^ Tarsal claws unspecialized. Arolia
small.
"" The genotype of that genus is Pseudophyllodromia ornata Brunner, from the Phihp-
pines, selected by Rehn, Trans. Am. Ent. See, xxix, p. 261, (1903).
1" In addition to the very different tegminal and wing venation, we note from material
of Pseudophyllodromia laticeps (Walker) that the three proximal tarsal joints are all
supplied ventrad with small pulvilli, the fourth with a pulvillus as described above.
We regret that we have no material of the genotype of Pseudophyllodromia before us.
Specimens of Pseudophyllodromia pulcherrima, described as an aberrant species by
Shelford, received from that author, show that the species represents a genus distinct
from that of laticeps.
MORGAN HEBARD 83
Euphyllodromia angustata (Latreille) (Plate IV, figure 17.)
181 1. Blatta angustata Latreille, in Humboldt and Bonpland, Recueil. Observat.
Zool. et Anat. comp., i, p. 146, pi. xv, fig. 9. [Vera Cruz, [Vera Cruz, Mexico.]]
Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama, (Jennings; 2 from bush), 3^^, i 9 ; VI, 1915, VII,
12 to VIII, 22, 1916, (Harrower), 8cf , 15 9 , 6 juv.
Lion Hill, C. Z., Pan., VI, 18, 1907, (Busck), i 9.
Alhajuela, Pan., IV, 5 and 18, 1911, (Busck), icf, 2 9.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., HI, 14 to V, 2, 191 1 and igi2, (Busck), 3cf, i juv.
Tabernilla, C. Z., Pan., IV, 27, 1907, (Busck), f cf .
Paraiso, C. Z., Pan., I, 16 to II, 10, 191 1, (Busck, Schwarz), Sc?, i 9.
Cabima, Pan., V, 24 to 28, 191 1, (Busck), i cf, 2 juv.
Arajan, Pan., IV, 28, 191 1, (Busck), i 9.
Argas, Pan., IV, 28, 191 1, (Busck), i c/", i 9.
Tlie immature examples of this insect are as handsome as the
adults, but very different in color and color pattern (see plate IV,
fig. 17). These arc solidly black dorsad with a very narrow medio-
longitudinal buffy line and the lateral margins more broadly of the
same coloration. The antennae are black, with a broad medio-
proximal and broader medio-distal annulus of white. The cerci
are black, fading proximad and distad to buffy.
When we consider that the very complex color pattern of the
adult appears only after the last moult, it is surprising to find it as
extremely constant as is shown by this and other considerable
series of the species at hand.
In the adult condition the maxillary palpi arc always whitish,
never showing darker markings or suffusions.
Euphyllodromia decastigmata'i^ new species (Plate IV, figures 18 to 20.)
The present species shows nearest relationship to E. angustata
(Latreille), differing in its slightly smaller size, absence of a medio-
longitudinal jjale line on the pronotum, distinctly shorter tegmina,
differently marked mesonotimi and metanotum and distinctive
styles of the male subgenital j^late, which are much more elongate
and produced than in any other sjiccics of the gentis known to us.
Type. — d^ ; Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama. July 28 to August 6,
1916. (D. E. Harrower.) [Hebard Collection, Type no. 489.]
Size small for the genus, form and \er\- delicate structure normal. Head with
interocular space (.35 millimeter) about one-third width between antennal sockets.
Ocellar sjjots small and weakly defined. Maxillary palpi with fourth joint approxi-
"- In allusion to the ten pale markings found on the pronotum.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
84 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
mately as long as third, widening evenly and gently distad, so that it becomes twice
as broad as the third joint; fifth joint three-quarters as long as fourth, moderately
expanded, greatest width near base, ventral margin from that point nearly straight,
oblique to apex. Pronotum strongly transverse; cephalic margin truncate; lateral
margins rather strongly convex, this greatest caudad; caudal margin transverse but
slightly and broadly rotundato-angulate produced mesad; discal sulci very weak.
Tegmina and wings less ample than in angustata, length approximating body length,
not as in that species decidedly greater than body length.
Dorsal surface of abdomen with second and third segments showing a weak longi-
tudinal ridge along the lateral margins; fourth, fifth and sixth segments with similar
ridges more pronounced and oblique, extending to the caudal margin a distance from
the latero-caudal angle. Sixth dorsal segment weakly depressed mesad and bearing
there an inconspicuous tuft of agglutinated hairs, less heavily chitinous in median
section with caudal margin there very feebly and broadly concave. Seventh dorsal
segment narrowly projecting, on each side forming a raised oval, transverse to the
body length, its cephalic and internal margin formed by a moderately decided ridge,
this segment showing no medio-longitudinal ridge, caudal margin broadly concave
between these areas. Eighth dorsal segment very narrowly projecting, its caudal
margin convex.
Supra-anal plate strongly transverse, showing a broad and weak triangular pro-
duction between cereal bases with rounded apex obtuse-angulate. Cerci small,
elongate and slender, tapering to acute apex; dorsal surface flattened, ventral sur-
face of each joint convex with lateral margins strongly cingulate, the latero-external
margins the more so. Paired plate beneath supra-anal plate large and unspecialized.
Concealed genitalia complex. i>' Subgenital plate symmetrical, surface with a
flexure dorsad toward the free margin; sinistral margin straight, oblique to median
portion, dextral margin oblique to median portion with a moderate obtuse-angulate
convexity; median portion with two deeply inset and smoothly rounded styliform
plates which taper and are attingent distad (suggesting the type found in Choriso-
neura), four-fifths as long as distance from their base to margin of preceding segment,
between these styles is a very thin plate, slightly over half as long, with ventral
margin armed with minute sharp recurved teeth.
Armament of limbs, pulvilli, tarsal claws and arolia as given here in generic diag-
nosis. Succeeding tarsal joints only three-fourths as long as caudal metatarsus.
Allotype. — 9; Porto Bello, Panama. February 15, 1911. . (E.
A. Schwarz.) [United States National Museum.]
Agrees closely with type in coloration, color pattern and length of organs of flight.
Body somewhat larger. Interocular space scarcely wider. Dorsal surface of
abdomen unspecialized. Su])ra-anal plate transverse, very broadly bilobate,
"3 In almost all the material of the genus at hand, the concealed male genhalia have
been crushed, owing to the extremely delicate structure of the abdomen. It will con-
sequently be a most difficult matter to consider these organs, except in specimcMis which
are fresh or have been kept in liquid preservative.
MORGAN HEBARD OO
length about one-fifth proximal width. Subgenital plate with lateral margins
feebly convex and weakly convergent to beneath cerci, thence straight to distal
portion, which is strongly V-emarginate, with sides of emargination convex, the
interval occupied by a mantle which is not chitinous, the apices of the plate tl]us
formed rather bluntly rounded, weakly acute-angulate, supplied with setae.
Head with vertex cinnamon rufous, paling to ochraceous-buff toward labrum;
eyes tawny; ocellar spots buffy. Antennae mummy brown, except proximal joint
and ventral surface of succeeding joint which are buffy. Maxillary palpi with
proximal and third joints white suffused with mummy brown, fourth and fifth
joints white. Pronotum shining, lateral margins transparent, buffy; disk blackish
chestnut brown except for the following markings, cephalic margin very narrowly
warm buff with a brief linear median invasion of this color running into the disk,
just before the lateral margins of the disk are three small linear flecks on each side
of which the cephalic pair are the largest, linear and divergent caudad; in addition
there is a pair of similar linear flecks mesad, which are parallel, and a single fleck
mesad near the caudal margin. Mesonotum with a medio-longitudinal fleck of
warm buff, dark chestnut brown on each side, paler laterad. Metanotum dark
chestnut brown with a pair of warm buft' flecks caudad.
Tegmina transparent, buft'y, except in portion from apex of anal field to distal
portion of costal margin, which portion is translucent, heavily washed with ochra-
ceous-tawny proximad, becoming weaker with less of an orange tinge distad; in the
proximal portions of the tegmina all of the veins, the anal sulcus and the area be-
tween the anal sulcus and the last of the veins of the anal field are chestnut brown
(the ulnar vein is obsolete before the apex of the anal field, this area resultantly the
largest of the transparent areas).
Wings transparent, feebly suffused distad, veins chestnut brown, the half of the
costal veins toward the costal margin solidly chestnut brown. Dorsal surface of
abdomen ochraceous-tawny, except median segment which is dark chestnut brown.
Cerci with dorsal surface whitish, suffused along the internal margins with dark
chestnut brown. Coxae and ventral abdominal segments laterad with suffusions
of mummy brown, these forming a broad interrupted band on each side of the
abdomen, the remaining portions of which are bufty. Limbs buffy; dorsal surfaces
of femora and tibiae washed with mummy brown, ventral margins of femora (fre-
quently in the series) tinged with mummy brown, this heaviest on the caudal femora;
all spines faintly tinged with tawny, a minute delicate fleck of mummy brown at the
base of each.
The female sex of this species is very similar in coloration. The dorsal surface of
the abdomen is frequently suffused with chestnut brown laterad and caudad, the
third segment with latero-caudal angles briefly buft'y.
It is to be noted that numerous features of color pattern and coloration are of
great specific diagnostic importance in the species of the present genus.
The immature condition is widely different in coloration from the adults and from
the immature condition of angiistata. In these the lateral margins of the fifth
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
86 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
dorsal abdominal segment are buffy, the remaining portions of the pronotum, meso-
notum and metanotum brown, with a strong orange tinge, the mesonotum broadly
blackish chestnut brown before the lateral margins. The abdomen dorsad is
blackish chestnut brown, except for the following buffy markings; a medio-longi-
tudinal narrow band to and including the fourth segment; fifth segment with a
median transverse narrow band; sixth segment with a dot on each side; seventh
segment with all of proximal portion; eighth and ninth segments concealed. Supra-
anal plate buffy with a marginal suffusion of brown. Cerci buffy with a suffusion of
brown on their internal surfaces. Antennae each with two conspicuous white
annuli as in angustata.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
C body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
Gatun, type 8.5 2.1 3.5 8.7 2.7
TdLhermWdi, paratype . . . . 8.7 2.2 3.5 9 2.7
9
VovtolieWo, allotype .... 9 2.3 3.6 8.7 2.8
Vorto ^e\\o, paratype . . . 9.1 2.4 3.7 8.9 2.8
Alhajuela, paratypes (4) . 8.1-9.5 2.2-2.5 3 ■ 7-3 • 8 8.9-9.2 2 , 8-3
In addition to the type and allotype, the adults of the following
series may be considered paratypes.
Porto Bello, Panama, III, i and 13, 191 1, (Busck) 2 9 ; VIII, 18 at 21, 1916, (Har-
rower), i juv.
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., VII, 28 to VIII, 5, 1916, (Harrower), 5 juv.
Alhajuela, Pan., IV, 17, 191 1, (Busck), 5 9.
Tabernilla, C. Z., Pan., IV, 27 to VI, 4, 1907, (Busck), 2cf, 19.
Pseudomops gloriosa new species (Plate V, figures i to 3.)
This insect belongs to the section of the genus having non-
spatulate cerci and to the large and distinctively colored forms of
the same, of which nearest relationship is with P. grata Rehn.
From that species the present differs in the black head, tegmina
with an elongate triangular pale orange area with base of triangle
on the costal margin, black limbs with coxae narrowdy margined
proximad with orange and black abdomen except for a small meso-
proximal suffusion of orange.
To this group undoubtedly belongs P. bicolor Shelford and prob-
ably also P. mag?ia and P. albostriata, described by that author.
Type.— 9; Cabima, Panama. May 28, 1911. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
MORGAN HEBARD 87
Size large for the genus; form elongate, graceful, as in grata. Head with eyes
widely separated, interocular width least dorsad, nearly twice that between anten-
nal sockets, ocellar spots very small. Maxillary palpi with third joint slightly
longer than fourth, fifth joint enlarged and about one and one-fifth times as long as
third joint. Antennae longer than body, heavily plumose in proximal two-fifths,
this heaviest in distal section of this portion. Pronotum rather elongate, decidedly
broader caudad than cephalad; cephalic margin truncate, caudal margin broadly
obtuse-angulate convex. Tegmina and wings elongate and slender. Tegmina with
numerous regular costal veins and (six) longitudinal discoidal sectors. Wings
with costal veins weakly thickened throughout almost their entire length; ulnar
vein with (two) complete branches which spring from the proximal half of the vein.
Supra-anal plate triangularly produced, about half as long as basal width, sides
of produced portion feebly concave to broadly rounded apex. Cerci slender, flat-
tened dorsad, segments (thirteen) strongly convex ventrad with lateral margins
cingulate. Subgenital plate broad, transverse, evenly convex, free margin broadly
and evenly convex. Limbs elongate and slender. Ventro-cephalic margin of
cephalic femora armed with a few elongate heavy spines, succeeded by a row of
closely placed short but moderately stout spines, terminating in three heavy spines
elongate in increasing ratio distad. Four proximal tarsal joints each supjjlied
ventro-distad with a very small pulvillus. Tarsal claws simple, delicate. Mod-
erately well developed arolia present.
Head, ventral surface and limbs shining black, except ocellar spots, brief suffu-
sions at bases of coxae and suffusion meso-proximad on abdomen which are pale
orange. Antennae black, except for a white annulus which includes the first seven
joints beyond the plumose portion. Pronotum shining orange-rufous e.xcept for the
produced caudal portion which is black, the cephalic margin of this area sharply
defined, transverse but somewhat undulating. Tegmina weakly translucent, black
except for a roughly triangular solid area of pale orange which occupies nearly half
the tegminal surface, its base the proximal three-quarters of the costal margin, its
apex broadly truncate, situated just beyond the angulation of the ulnar vein; the
concealed portion of the dextral tegmen when at rest broadly suffused with pale
orange medio-longitudinally, there transparent. Wings black at base and apex of
anterior field, area of costal veins pale orange, other portions transparent, pale
orange, the base and free margin of the radial field broadly tinged with black.
Remaining dorsal surface of insect shining black. Cerci black proximad with distal
three-fifths whitish.
Length of body, 13; length of pronotum, 4.9; width of pronotum, 4.9; length of
tegmen, 14.5; width of tegmen, 3; length of wing, 13; width of wing, 5.6; length
of cercus, 3.3; length of caudal tibia, 6.1 millimeters.
The type of this beautiful species is unique.
ME^kl. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
88 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Subfamily NYCTIBORINAE
We would note that In all the species of the genera Nyctibora,
Eunyctibora and Paratropes at hand, the tarsal claws are distinctive
in being asymmetrical, the cephalic claw being decidedly shorter
than the caudal claw, and not or very slightly projecting beyond the
arolium. In Megaloblatta, however, the tarsal claws are symmet-
rical, the arolia subobsolete, represented by a small chitinous node
between the bases of the tarsal claws.
Nyctibora noctivaga Rehn (Plate V, figure 4.)
1896. Nlyctobora] mexicana Griftini (not of Saussure, 1864), Boll. Mus. Zool.
Anat. comp. Univ. Torino, ix, no. 236, p. 2. [One specimen; Lake Pita, Darien.]
1903. Nyctibora noctivaga Rehn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxix, p. 3. [ cf ; Machuca,
San Juan River, Nicaragua.]
Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama, VII, 17 to VIII, 5, 1916, (Harrower; from banana
stalks), 3 juv.
Paraiso, C. Z., Pan., (Schwarz), l cf; I, 8 and II, 7, 191 1, (Busck), 2 juv.
Cabima, Pan., V, 30, 191 1, (Busck), i 9.
The distinctive male supra-anal plate of this insect, the largest of
the uniformly dark species of the genus, is here figured.
The extremes in pronotal and tegminal proportions are rather
decided, in a series of three males and four females now before us,
including the type, being as follows: pronotum, d^, 8.8 to 9.8 by
12.8 to 14, 9,9 to 10.8 by 14 to 15.3; tegmina, &, 37.8 to 41.8 by
14.6 to 16.2, 9 , 35.9 to 42 by 14.5 to 17.2 millimeters. The max-
imum is shown by a pair from Jamaica, the pair from Panama
approach the minimum.
Eunyctibora nigrocincta (Shelford)
1907. Nyctibora nigrocincta Shelford, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7), xix, p. 37. [ c?', 9 ;
Colombia.]
1908. E[unyctibora] nigrocincta Shelford, Gen. Ins., 74me fasc, Orth., Blattidae,
Nyctiborinae, p. 2, pi., fig. i. (Colored dorsal view.)
Ancon, Canal Zone, Panama, VI, 1913, (Zetek), i 9, [Hebard Collection].
Bocas del Toro, Pan., VII, i to 10, 1908, (Wirt Robinson), i cf , [United States
National Museum].
Paratropes bilunata Saussure and Zehntner
1893. Paratropa bilunata Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent.-Am., Orth., i, p. 60.
[ 9 ; Bugaba, Panama.]
Bugaba, Panama, (VV. Schaus), i cf , [Hebard Collection].
Measurements {in
mi
'llimeters)
Length of
Length
of
Width of
Length of
Width of
body
pronoli
iin
pronotum
tegmen
tegmen
21.3
5
8.7
22.8
8.1
20.1
5
8.8
22.8
8.7
18.5
5
8.6
20.3
8.8
175
5
8.8
20.8
8.8
MORGAN HEBARD 89
San Carlos, Costa Rica
Bugaba, Panama, /o/jo/v/je
o
San Carlos, Costa Rica.
Turrialba, Costa Rica. .
The pronotal coloration, dark and immaculate except for two
large pyriform yellowish-buff markings at the cephalic margin on
each side, readily distinguishes this handsome species. The teg-
mina have a large patch of similar coloration proximad on the
marginal field.
Paratropes pinoganae new species (Plate V, figure 5.)
This insect is very closely related to P. phalerata (Erichson),
but differs in the following features. Pronotum with dark marking
having the meso-cephalic invasion of the pale cephalic marginal
band with apex broad and truncate, showing no small median
triangular production; tegmina and wings shorter ;ii^ tegmina
with dark margin of proximal two-thirds of costal margin wider
and dark band at humeral trunk twice as wide as oblique band of
sinistral tegmen, not of nearly equal width; dark marginal band of
radiate field of wings much narrower; cerci pale, not black.
It is probable that series will show \-ariation in some of the
above features, but that the present insect will prove a valid species
with even more distinctive features in the male sex, when this is
known, is our belief.
Type. — 9; Pinogana, Darien, Panama. December, 1915.
(Munoz.) [Hebard Collection, Type no. 491.]
Size medium, form broad as in the majority of the species of the genus."^ Head
with interocular space (.4 millimeter) about two-fifths that between the minute but
1'^ Much as in females of P. bilunata Saussure and Zehnlner; a female of phalerata
from Trinidad has instead the tegmina and wings as elongate as in males of
hilunata.
"5 We have given the following full structural description of the species, realizing that
the majority of the features remarked are rather of generic than of specific diagnostic
value. In this genus, color characters have been used almost exclusively for specific
diagnoses, particularly in the female sex, and in certain features are undoubtedly among
the most important for specific differentiation.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
90 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
very distinct ocellar spots; face much flattened, polished, well supplied with short
white hairs which spring from microscopic pits;"'' eyes not extending below antenna!
sockets; lateral margins of cheeks feebly convex convergent to clypeal suture.
Antennae heavy and plumose in proximal two-thirds, this increasing distad, distal
third slender and non-plumose. Maxillary palpi short; fourth joint about three-
fifths as long as third, bent ventrad in narrow proximal neck, thence expanding
decidedly to apex; fifth joint heavy and enlarged, springing from ventral three-
fourths of apex of fourth joint. Pronotum with cephalic margin broadly convex,
caudal margin more strongly convex, lateral angles rounded at distinctly less than a
right angle ; surface showing broad concavities latero-cephalad. Tegmina and wings
fully developed, extending well beyond the abdominal apex, but not as elongate as
in this sex of phalerata.
Supra-anal plate broadly produced between cereal bases, length about three-
quarters proximal width, margin convex. Cerci short, extending but slightly
beyond supra-anal plate with apex broadly rounded; dorsal surface deplanate with
sutures of (seven) segments weakly defined, lateral margins straight; ventral sur-
face with segments weakly convex and lateral margins very narrowly and weakly
cingulate.
Subgenital plate broad, truncate; surface weakly convex, except laterad where it
is rather decidedly concave; lateral portions deep before cereal bases, with latero-
caudal margins more broadly rounded than those of preceding segment, thence the
free margin is broadly concave to beyond the cereal bases, rounding broadly into
the broad and very feebly convex distal portion.
Cephalic femora with ventro-cephalic margin supplied with a fringe of moderately
short hairs, armed distad with two heavy elongate spines, of which the more distal
is the longer; ventro-caudal margin unarmed except for a smaller distal spine.
Ventro-cephalic margin of median and caudal femora armed with a single small but
stout spine and a larger distal spine. Ventro-caudal margin of median and caudal
femora armed in median portion with two slightly longer spines, with no distal
spine. Tarsi short and stout, proximal four joints unarmed, supplied with large
pulvilli, which occupy the entire ventral surface of each joint except the proximal
third of the caudal metatarsus, which is shaped into a rather strong longitudinal
ridge. Tarsal claws simple, asymmetrical, the cephalic claw much shorter than
the caudal claw, not extending beyond the apex of the large arolium.
Head, antennae and underparts shining black, except ocellar spots and sutures of
mouthparts which are buffy, and abdomen which is margined laterad and caudad
by a broad band of ochraceous-buff (paler in the paratype, except on the subgenital
plate where this marginal band is tinged with ochraceous-orange toward its internal
margin). Pronotum black with a broad cephalic marginal band of ochraceous-
bufi" having an orange tinge, this broader laterad, with its caudal margins there
broadly convex, mcsad with median invasion of black area broad, straight, trans-
verse; two rounded rectangulate spots of the same pale color occur mesad at the
caudal margin of the pronotum, separated by an interval of the same length.
"" The ventral surface, femora and tibiae are similarly supplied with such hairs.
MORGAN HEBARD
91
Tegmina translucent in pale portions, ochraceous-tawny tinged with orange (in
the paratype this becoming gradually slightly weaker proximad in the costal field);
all but distal third of costal margin black (in type, .65, paratype, .9; in female of
phalerata at hand, .45 millimeter in width). Sinistral tegmen with sutural margin,
including apex, more broadly margined with blackish brown, this even wider on
dextral tegmen but not extending proximad of anal field. Sinistral tegmen with a
broad humeral band (in type and paratype, 2.1 millimeters in width) and a narrower
oblique band (in type, i, in paratype, 1.2 millimeters in width), the latter springing
from the proximo-internal angle of the anal field, these black in color and fusing
just before the apex of the tegmen (in the examples of phalerata at hand these
bands are subequal, 1.6 millimeters, in width). The humeral band is the same on
the dextral tegmen to the portion concealed when at rest, where these markings
are almost obliterated, the band which joins it distinct only along the decided
oblique sulcus.
Wings transparent, ochraceous-tawny with an orange tinge; anterior field broadly
margined distad with blackish brown (width mesad in type, 1.8, in paratype, 1.6
millimeters; in specimen of phalerata, i.i millimeters); radiate field very broadly
bordered with blackish brown which narrows proximad, its internal margin con-
cave, not nearly straight as in phalerata (at fold of wing, 5, proximad, l ; in female of
phalerata at fold of wing, 8, proximad, 2.5 millimeters). Alesonotum and meta-
notum shining black. Dorsal surface of abdomen shining black, very broadly
margined laterad with ochraceous-buff tinged with orange, some of the distal seg-
ments with free margin very narrowly of this color and all but a very narrow proxi-
mal portion of the supra-anal plate of this color. Cerci ochraceous-buff, suffused
with brown dorso-distad.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmem
Para tropes pinoganae
Pinogana, type
Corozal, paratype. . .
Paratropes phalerata
Arima, Trinidad ....
15.8
16
0 ■.")
5-3
.^.8
9.:
9-
9'
18.8
19.4
21.8
8
8-3
8..S
Length of
caudal tibia
5-8
6
6.1
In addition to the type, a female paratyi)e from Corozal,
Canal Zone, Panama, taken at li^ht on May 12, 1913, by Zetek, is
in the Hebard Collection.
Megaloblatta blaberoides (Walker)
1868. Epilampra blaberoides Walker, Cat. Dermapt. Saltat. Brit. .Mus., v, Suppl.
Blatt., p. 12. [c^, 9 ; Chontales, Nicaragua.]
1887. Megaloblatta rufipes Dohrn, Stett. Ent. Zeit., xlviii, p. 409. [cT, Panama.]
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
92 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama, VII, 25 to 31, 1916, (Harrower; under bark on tree),
icf.
Cabima, Pan., V, 21, 191 1, (Busck), i large juv. d".
Compared with the closely allied M. longipennis (Walker), of
which a female from Ecuador is at hand, Costa Rican females of the
present huge species are found to differ only in the much broader
head, with interocular space much broader. ^^^
The great expanse of this insect is realized when we consider that
the tegmina of the present male measure 82 by 33.2 millimeters.
Subfamily EPILAMPRINAE
AUDREIA Shelford
1910, Audreia Shelford, Gen. Ins., loime fasc, Orthoptera, Blattidae, Epilamp-
rinae, p. 11.
The genus included eight species. Genotype: here selected. —
Audreia carinulata [Calolampra carijiulata] (Saussure).
First steps only have as yet been taken to separate properly the
generic units related to Epilampra, in which partial to complete
reduction in the organs of flight has occurred. At the present
time, as was the case with Shelford in 1910, insufficient material is
at hand to allow a proper revision to be made. A number of
species are before us which must be assigned to this genus as char-
acterized by Shelford, but which indicate the presence of at least
four distinctive groups, though females alone of the majority of
species are represented. Larger series and male examples will be
needed before it can be determined whether these groups represent
distinct genera, or are simply striking divisions in the genus Audreia,
comparable to the many striking divisions in the genus Epilampra
as at present defined.
Added difficulty is found in the fact that a similar situation is
encountered in the allied genus Calolampra Saussure, the genotype
of which is the Australian C. irrorata (Fabricius).^!*^
Whether the tegmina and wings are reduced, truncate, lateral
and lobiform, or absent, are features which in the Blattidae are
known to be often utterly worthless from a generic standpoint.
1" Interocular width: M. blaberoides, (^ , 1.7, 9 , 2.4; M. longipennis, 9,14 niilliniL'ters.
"* The genoty[>c of Calolampra, Epilampra gracilis Brunner, a synonym of irrorata
• according to Shelford, was selected by Rehn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxix, p. 274, (1903).
MORGAN HEBARD 93
That carinulata and irrorata are generically distinct we feel certain,
from study of a female of the former and paratypes of both sexes
of the latter. Without the sexes of each species, we do not feel in
a position to characterize Audreia more definitely than has been
done in the meager description given by Shelford.
Audreia bromeliadarum Caudell
1914. Audreia bromeliadarum Caudell, Insec Inscit. Menst., ii, p. 78. [ 9 ; Upper
Pequini ( = Pequeni) River, Panama.]
Upper Rio Pequeni, Panama, III, 1909, (Jennings), i 9, type.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., Ill, 29, 1912, (Busck), i juv.
In addition to the data given in the original descrii)tion, we
would note the following features for the type of this species.
Entire dorsal surface heavily but minutely impresso-punctate.
Dorsal abdominal segments with a row of small nodes near caudal
margin of each (seventeen is the maximum number), these less
strongly defined on mcsonotum and metanotum and obsolete,
except under a lens, on the pronotum. Cephalic femora with
ventro-cephalic margin well supplied with a fringe of hairs, which
are more numerous and closely placed distad, succeeded by two
short distal spines, the more distal of which is twice as long and
heavy as the more proximal; ventro-caudal margin armed with
two widely placed short spines. Median and caudal femora with
ventral margins armed with two to three and one distal similar
spines; these with a single short hea\y genicular spine dorsad..
Tarsi unarmed ventrad, caudal metatarsus with pul villus occupying
all but proximal fifth of ventral surface, succeeding three joints with
large pulvilli occupying their entire ventral surfaces. The pulvilli
are moderately bilobate distad, that of the fourth with cephalic
lobe (the internal lobe of the cephalic tarsi) produced and curved
over the caudal lobe in a soft chiw-like projection.
Audreia gatunae new species (Plate V, figure 6.)
This is a distinctive species, striking in its large size, broad form,
convex and polished dorsal surface, with abdominal segments show-
ing the characteristic minute linear ridges toward their caudal
margins, subquadrate tegmina and broad, smooth and polished
head, with occiput pale and face flattened, evenly and very feebly
convex.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
94 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Compared with females of A. carinulata (Saussure), known only
from Costa Rica, the female at hand is found to differ in its vastly
greater size, slightly broader form, more strongly truncate teg-
mina, less convex face, greatly reduced arolia, paler vertex and
even more weakly paler lateral margins of the pronotum and costal
field of the tegmina.
Type. — 9 ; Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama. July 28 to x\ugust 5,
1916, (D. W. Harrower.) [Hebard Collection, Type no. 492.]
Size very large, form broad for the genus. Head with vertex smooth, projecting
beyond pronotum, rounding suddenly into the smooth and flattened, weakly con-
vex, face; interocular space very broad (2.7 millimeters), only slightly narrower than
that between antennal sockets; ocelli represented by small dots. Antennae slender
and very short, length very close to pronotal width; length of third joint slightly
over twice its width. Pronotum smooth, surface broadly convex except laterad
where it is feebly concave; margin cephalad weakly convex, showing some trunca-
tion above head, lateral portions feebly cingulate; latero-caudal angles acute and
sharply rounded, forming an angle distinctly less than ninety 'degrees; caudal margin
broadly concave on each side, forming a very weak and broadly rounded median
production. Tegmina coriaceous, polished, subquadrate, veins appreciable only,
costal margins cingulate; production greatest at costal margin, angle there acute,
sharply rounded; distal margin oblique to sutural margin, angle there obtuse,
rounded, thus leaving a brief median portion of the metanotum exposed. Abdomen
with median width greater than width of any other portion of insect; dorsal surface
polished, distal half of each segment with small, very low, longitudinal ridges
(maximum number twelve), the latero-caudal angles of each segment produced in a
minute sharp tooth.
Supra-anal plate polished but microscopically irregularly striate, about half as
long as proximal width, lateral margins broadly convex to a small obtuse-angulate
median emargination, before which the surface of the plate is very briefly sulcate.
Cerci very short and stout, tapering sharply in distal portion to acute apex; dorsal
surface moderately convex and polished, showing the sutures of seven segments, the
lateral margins of which are feebly convex; ventral surface strongly convex, clothed
heavily with short stout hairs and a few very elongate slender hairs, lateral margins
broadly deplanate, the external slightly more than the internal. Subgenital plate
large, broad, evenly convex and polished; its free margin slightly within the lateral
margins of the sixth dorsal abdominal segment and closely following the free margin
of the supra-anal plate, broadly and feebly concave at the cereal bases, the con-
vexity greatest between the cerci.
Cephalic femora with ventro-cephalic margin armed with four heavy and moder-
ately elongate spines, succeeded by a series of modcrateh' widely spaced small
chaetiform spines, terminating in two heavy spines, of which the more distal is twice
the length of the more proximal; ventro-caudal margin armed with (three and four
MORGAN HEBARD 95
and one distal)"" heavy and moderately elongate spines. Cei)halic tibiae slightly
over three times as long as greatest width. Median and caudal femora with ce-
phalic margin armed with (three and one distal) heavy and elongate si^ines; caudal
margin armed with (two and four and one distal for median femora, four and no
distal for caudal femora) more elongate spines. Caudal metatarsus distinctK* longer
than combined length of succeeding joints, its ventral surface with two rows of short
stout spines which diverge distad about the small globose puK'illus; second joint
similar, but with rows of spines very short; third joint similar, but with proximal
half unarmed; fourth joint with ])ulvillus occupying its entire ventral surface, with a
few spines laterad. Arolium present only as a small node between base of claws.
General coloration of dorsal surface blackish brown, the lateral portions of the
pronotum, costal field of the tegmina, very narrow lateral margins and narrow
caudal margins of the dorsal abdominal segments, except the minute ridges which
are blackish, of a somewhat metallic prout's brown. I'nder high magnification the
chitinous structure is seen to be translucent, tinged with ochraceous-tawny and over-
laid with blackish brown, this absolutely solid only on the pronotum and proximal
portions of the tegmina, breaking into spots and dots in the paler areas and there
resultantly having somewhat the appearance of tortoise shell. Cerci buffy tinged
with tawny. Head shining blackish brown, except the vertex which has a narrow
irregular suffused band of light ochraceous-tawny between the eyes, with three
irregular longitudinal lines of this color running caudad. Ocellar dots ochraceous-
tawny. Antennae beyond first joint and mouthparts slightly paler than face
and showing a tawny tinge. Ventral surface of abdomen shining black. Limbs with
spines all russet. Coxae blackish mars brown, shading to slightly paler distad;
femora deep russet; tibiae russet; tarsal joints buffy with ventral rows of spines russet.
Length of body, 30.3; width of head, 5.6; length of antenna, 13; length of prono-
tum, 8; width of pronotum, 12.8; exposed length of tegmen along humeral trunk,
7.1: exposed length of tegmen along sutural margin, 4.8; width of tegmen, 8.9;
width across tegmina, 15.6; width across first abdominal segment, 15.8; greatest
width of abdomen (across third abdominal segment), 16.6; length of cercus, 1.8;
length of cephalic tibia, 3; length of caudal femur, 7.2; length of caudal tibia, 9.2;
length of caudal metatarsus, 3.2 millimeters.
A series of immature individuals, representing three of the earlier instars, are of
interest in showing the brief longitudinal ridges at the caudal margins of the dorsal
abdominal segments and also on the i)ronotum, mesonotum and metanotum,
relatively more decided than in the adults. These specimens are not as polished
and not as solidly dark, appearing dark prout's brown shading to prout's brown,
while the smallest show a vague but broad medio-longitudinal dorsal abdominal
band preceded on the metanotum l)y an inxerted "V" of slightly paler coloration.
The antennae are, however, of particular interest. In the adult they are
unicolorous with fifty-seven joints. In the instar fourteen millimeters in length
they have thirt\' to thirt\--se\('n joints, of which the fourteenth to sixteenth are
"" On one side the distal spine is atrophied, a minute socket alone showing. A certain
amount of general atrophy is shown by the structure and irregularity of the spines.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
^6 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
very faintly paler brown, the three joints preceding the last joint white. In the
instar eleven millimeters in length they have twenty-nine joints of which the
thirteenth to the fifteenth are very faintly paler brown, the three joints preced-
ing the last joint white. In the instar eight millimeters in length they, have
twenty-four joints of which the tenth to the twelfth and the three joints preceding
the last joint are white.
In all the arolia are of the same proportions as in the adult.
In addition to the type, the following series of immature ex-
amples is at hand.
Porto Bello, Panama, VIII, 18 to 21, 1916, (Harrower), 2 juv.
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., VII, 17 to VIII, 5- 1916, (Harrower), 3 juv.
Lion Hill, C. Z., Pan., VI, 18, 1907, (Busck), i juv.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., VI, 6, 191 2, (Busck), i juv.
Epilampra azteca Saussure
1868. Epilampra azteca Saussure (in part), Rev. et Mag. de Zool., (2), xx, p. 356.
[cf, Mexico.]
1870. Epilampra azteca Saussure (in part). Miss. Sci. Mex., Rech. Zool., vi, p. 82,
pi. ii, fig. 45. (More detailed diagnosis and figure of wing.)
The Cuban material, originally included, and the South American
material, later included by Saussure, represent distinct though
allied species, described by Saussure and Zehntner in the Biologia
Centrali-Americana.
Porto Bello, Panama, IV, 17 and 20, 1912, (Busck), 49 ; VIII, 18 to 22, 1916,
(Harrower), 6 juv.
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., VI, 1915, (Harrower), i 9, i juv.; VII, 17 to VIII,
22, 1 91 6, (Harrower), 8 juv.
Rio Bejuco, Pan., (W. Schaus), i 9.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., VI, 3, 1912, (Busck), i cf, i 9 .
Paraiso, C. Z., Pan., I, 30 to II, 8, 191 1, (Busck), 3c?, i 9, i juv.
Cabima, Pan., V, 18 to 28, 191 1, (Busck), icT, 3 9.
Corozal, C. Z., Pan., XI, 17, 1913, (Hebard; in leaf litter in jungle), I 9 , i juv.
Panama City, Pan., 1913, (Zetek), i cf , i 9, [United States National Museum].
Chorrera, Pan., V, 14, 1912, (Busck), i c?.
The present series shows but a moderate amount of variation.
The three males from Paraiso are recessive in coloration, the
pronotal picturing being cinnamon brown with chestnut flecks,
rather than blackish chestnut brown as is usual. In such speci-
mens the dark line and flecks along the humeral vein of the
tegmina are also decidedly reduced and weakened. Additional
material at hand, however, shows that this is by no means t he-
extreme of recessive coloration attained in the si)ecies.
MORGAN HEBARD 97
This insect is apparently the most abundant species of the ^u,enus
in Panama. Its small size and heavily pictured pronotum readily
distinguish it from the other species here treated.
Epilampra maya Rehn (Plate V, figure 7.)
1902. Epilampra maya Rehn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxix. \). 3. [ c^ ; Machuca,
Nicaragua.]
1914. Epilampra sodalis Caudell (not of Walker, 1868), Inscc. Inscit. .Menst., ii,
p. 79. [9, juv. ; Porto Bello Ba\-, Panama.]
Porto Bello Bay, Panama, (Jennings; in bromeliads), 3 9.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., V, 9, 191 1, (Busck), i cT.
Chorrera, Pan., IV, 13, 1912, (Busck), i c?.
This broad, medium sized, rather light brown species appears,
from consideration of the series at hand, to be one of the most
abundant forms of the genus in Central America.
Under sodalis of Walker, Kirby has placed conspersa of Saussure
and Zehntncr, which action has been followed, without comment,
by Shelford. We believe, from careful study of the literature and
material at hand, that Saussure and Zehntner correctly diagnosed
conspersa of Burmeister, which species belongs to the group ha\ing
beautifully marmorate and tessellate tegmina.
From \\'alker's insufficient description of sodalis, we would note
the following differences for the present species; front not solidly
black, dorsal surface of abdomen lacking black patches and prono-
tum without exen an indistinct lyre-shaped marking. Were an
adequate description of sodalis gi\'en, we feel satisfied that more
decided features of difference could be stated.
The present species has not been recorded from South America,
nor is it represented in the large series of unstudied material from
that continent at hand.
Epilampra colombiana Saussure
1895. EpilaDipra colombiana Saussure, Rev. Suisse Zool., iii, p. 360, i)l. ix, fig. 13..
[9, "Xova Granada" ( = Colombia).]
1896. Epilampra mexicana (iriffini (not of Saussure, 1862), Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat.
comp. Uni%'. Torino, xi, no. 236, p. 2. [ 9 ; Lake Pita, Darien, [Panama].]
1898. E[pilampra] colombiana Giglio-Tos, Boll. AIus. Zool. Anat. comp. Univ.
Torino, xi, no. 311, p. 7. (Correcting Griftini's record and comparing this species
with mexicana.)
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
98 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
This Species is extremely close to E. mexicana Saussure and may
eventually prove to be a geographic race of that insect. The
tegmina with humeral \'ein showing no darker blotches is the most
striking difference in coloration for colomhiana. Saussure's figure
gives a very good idea of the markings characteristic of this insect.
Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama, V, 14, 1907, (Busck), 3 9.
Cabima, Pan., V, 22, 191 1, (Busck), i 9.
Chiriqui, Pan., i 9, [Hebard Collection].
Epilampra mexicana Saussure
1862. E[pilampra] mexicana Saussure, Rev. et Mag. de Zool.. (2), xiv, p. 228.
[[cf], Mexico.]
1864. Epilampra mexicana Saussure, Mem. I'Hist. Nat. Mex., iv., p. 130, pi. ii,
fig. 26. (Detailed diagnosis and color figure.)
Chorrera, Pan., V, 11 and 17, 1912, (Busck), 2 9.
The type is more intensive in coloration than the material here
recorded, or specimens from Mexico and Guatemala before us.
HYPORHICNODA new genus
The present genus shows close relationship to Rhiowda Brunner,
differing in the greater reduction and different type of limb arma-
ment, ^-'^ in the wings of the male which show a more strongly Poly-
phagine tendency, absence of both tegmina and wings in the female,
and in the medio-longitudinal carina, which is distinct on pronotum
and mesonotum in the male and decided on pronotum, mesonotum
and metanotum in the female.
Genotype: Ilyporhicnoda reflexa [Rhicnoda reflexa] (Saussure
and Zehntner).
Generic Description. — Sexes very dissimilar. Male with fully
developed tegmina and wings, smaller than female, which lacks
organs of flight. Head with surface of occiput polished but show-
ing impressed punctae mesad, interocular-ocellar area depressed,
120 ^n immature specimen of the genotype, Rhicnoda rugosa Brunner, from Goenong
Soegi, Lampong, Sumatra, is in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences. This
specimen has the ventro-cephalic margin of the cephalic femora armed with (five) mod-
erately elongate, heavy spines, succeeded by a row of minute spines, which are closely
placed distad, terminated by a single heavy spine; the ventro-caudal margin of the
cephalic femora and the ventro-cephalic margin of the median and caudal femora are
armed with (three and one distal) moderately elongate, heavy spines. The ventro-
caudal margin of the median and caudal femora are armed with (median four and one
distal; caudal three or four and no distal) shorter and lighter spines.
MORGAN HE BARD 99
thickly imprcsso-punctate and })itted. Eyes small, widely sep-
arated. Antennae short.
■ Pronotum extending well beyond head; margin cephalad sub-
cingulate, evenly convex and moderately reflexed to latero-caudal
angles, which are weakly produced caudad in female only; caudal
margin in male weakly convex, in female weakly conca\e on each
side, weakly convex mesad. Pronotum and mesonotum showing
a medio-longitudinal carina, this continued on metanotum in
female. Female with caudal margin of {)ronotum. mesonotum,
metanotum and dorsal abdominal segments minutely but con-
spicuously beaded. Tegmina of male delicate, extending well
beyond apex of abdomen, widest distad, aj^ex broadly rounded;
marginal and anal fields proximad impresso-punctate, remaining
portions with veins showing numerous minute swellings but no
hairs. Wings of male with anterior field extending much beyond
radiate field; proximal portion of radiate field not folding when
wings are closed, remaining portion folding as is usual in the
Epilamprinae.^-^ Dorsal abdominal segments with latero-caudal
angles weakh' produced caudad.
Supra-anal plate feebly bilobate, subchitinous in male, heavily
chitinous in female. Cerci moderately elongate in male, short and
lamellate in female. Limbs showing decided atrophy of all spines,
surfaces impresso-punctate, with ventro-cephalic and \entro-
caudal margins of femora roughly carinate.
Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora armed with (one to
four) short, hea\'y, irregular spines, succeeded l)y an irregular row
of very minute, short spines, terminated by a small but heavy,
though plainly decidedly atrophied, spine; other ventral femoral
margins unarmed, except rarely with a single heavy, though greatly
atrophied, spine on the cephalic margin of the median or caudal
femora. Dorsal genicular spines of median and caudal femora
small but heavy, though greatly atrophied. Caudal metatarsus
elongate, with two rows of spines \"entrad and a row f)f more dis-
tantly placed spines on each side. Four proximal caudal tarsal
joints supplied distad with moderately well developed puKilli.
Small arolia present in male, subobsolete in female.
'-' This U"i)C' f)f wing is clearly a transition toward the types found in the Corydiinae
and Polyphaginae.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
100 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Hyporhicnoda reflexa (Saussure and Zehntner) (Plate V, figures 8 and 9.)
1893. Rhicnoda reflexa Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. -Am., Orth., i, p. 68.
pi. iv, fig. 35. [juv.? cf ; Chontales, Nicaragua.]
It is evident from the figure that the type is an immature male.
Porto Bello, Panama, III, 14, 191 1, (Busck), i 9 .
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., VI, 1915, (Harrower; under logs) i juv.? ? ; VII, 28 to
VIII, 22, 1916, (Harrower; under logs), 5 9.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., VI, 3, 1912, (Busck), i juv. ? 9.
In addition we have a male from the Hebard Collection, taken at
Ujurras de Terraba, head of Rio Ceibo, Costa Rica, 7000 to 8000
feet, September 10, 1907, by Al. A. Carriker Jr., which has enabled
us to diagnose this remarkable genus for both sexes. The measure-
ments for this individual are: length of body, 21 ; length of prono-
tum, 5.9; width of pronotum, 9.2; length of tegmen, 21.9; width of
tegmen, 8.2; length of anterior field of wing, 20; greatest length of
radial field of wing, 15.1 ; length of caudal tibia, 7.7 mm.
For the unquestionably adult females the measurements are:
length of body, 25.1 to 26.4; length of pronotum, 7.8 to 8.6; width
of pronotum, 12 to 13.3; length of caudal tibia, 6.8 to 8 mm.
Both sexes are uniform brown in general coloration, the male
lighter than the female.
Subfamily BLATTINAE
Lamproblatta albipalpus Hebard (Plate V, figures 10 to 12.)
1919. Lamproblatta albipalpus Hebard, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xl, p. 109, pi. xvii,
figs. 7, 8 and 9. [cf , 9 ; Cincinnati, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Magdalena,
Colombia; Venezuela; the present material.]
Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama, VII, 17 to VIII, 22, 1916, (Harrower), 2^", 29,
I large juv. 9, 2 small juv.
Obispo Station, C. Z., Pan., VII, 6 to 11, 1871, (Steindachner), i cf , i 9 , [Museum
of Comparative Zoology].
Zone limit three miles west of Empire, C. Z., Pan., IX, 14, 1913. (Hebard; in
rubbish under vines on edge of jungle), i cT, i 9 .
Corozal, C. Z., Pan., XI, 13 and 17, 1913, (Hebard; under decayed banana stem
lying in jungle), i cT, i 9 , 3 juv. cf , 6 juv. 9 .
Old Panama, Pan., XI, 13, 1913, (Hebard; under drift on edge of coral sand
beach), i juv. 9 .
Tabogilla Island, Pan., II, 16, 1912, (Busck), i 9, 2 juv. cf, 2 juv. 9.
Taboga Island, Pan., II, 23, 1912, (Busck), i juv. 'pe shows that species to be absolutely
black, decidedly smaller, with caudal metatarsi proportionately
very decidedly shorter.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
I02 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Type. — 9 ; Porto Bello, Panama. March 2, 191 1. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Size extremely large; form elliptical, depressed, relatively slender for the genus.
Surface polished. Head with occiput transversely evenly convex, interocular
space very broad, slightly broader than width between antennal sockets; ocellar
spots distinct; antennae elongate, not equal to body length. Maxillary palpi with
fifth joint not strongly enlarged, subequal in length to fourth; fourth about three-
quarters as long as third joint.
Pronotum of the usual form for the genus; surface smoothly convex, briefly and
suddenly deflexed on either side of the head; caudal margin straight laterad, showing
a very feeble broad convexity mesad. Mesonotum with caudal margin much as
that of pronotum. Metanotum with latero-caudal angles slightly but appreciably
produced, sharply rectangulate, the lateral portions of the caudal margin resultantly
distinctly concave. Tegmina lateral, slightly surpassing the caudal margin of the
mesonotum, length of exposed portion one and one-half times greatest width;
costal margin very feebly convex, weakly cingulate, apex subrectangulate and
rather sharply rounded; sutural and distal margins regularly convex, the angle
formed by their juncture obtuse and broadly rounded. Wings absent.
Abdomen elongate, scarcely broader than thorax and with surface very slightly
less convex; disto-dorsal abdominal segments with latero-caudal angles showing dis-
tmct but not pronounced acute projections directed caudad. Supra-anal plate partly
deformed. 122 Cerci fusiform; dorsal surface flat, showing the sutures of the joints
weakly; apex acute; ventral surface of (thirteen) joints strongly convex with lateral
margins narrowly but strongly cingulate, this greater for the external margins.
Femora heavily spined as characteristic of the genus. Caudal tibiae elongate,
flattened, slender, unspecialized. Caudal tarsi very elongate; metatarsus slender,
approximating the combined length of the succeeding joints, ventral surface with
two rows of widely spaced minute spines, terminating distad at the moderately
large globose pulvillus; succeeding three joints with ventral surfaces fully occupied
by large pulvilli. Decidedly small arolia present between the bases of the tarsal
claws.
Dorsal surface shining blackish with a ver>' slight brown tinge. Head the same
color, ocellar spots ochraceous-buft"; a small spot on either cheek, entire clypeus,
jaws and ventral half of labrum chestnut. Antennae in brief proximal portion
shining blackish with a very slight brown tinge, remaining portions dull bay.
Underparts, coxae and proximal portions of femora chestnut, becoming blackish
chestnut distad on abdomen and distal portions of limbs. Pulvilli ochraceous-bufl".
Length of body, 49.2; length of head, 10.3; width of head, 9.2; width of interocu-
lar space, 5.9; length of pronotum, 13; width of pronotum, 19; exi)osed length of
tegmen, 6.7; width of tcgmen, 4.8; width across mesonotum and tegmina, 20.7;
^ PVom the normal portion, apparent ly as in this sex of hioUeyi.
MORGAN HEBARD I03
greatest width of abdomen, 21.6; length of caudal tibia, 17.7; ventral length of
caudal metatarsus, 6 millimeters.
The type of this interesting species is uniciue.
Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus)
1758. [Blatta] americana Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Ed. X, |). 424. [America.]
1917. Periplaneta aviericana Hebard, Mem. Am. Ent. Soc, 2, p. 178, \A. vii, figs.
3 to II. (Detailed diagnosis.)
Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama, VII, 28 to \'III, 22, 1916, (Harrower), 30^, 3 9,
1 juv.
Balboa, C. Z., Pan., \1, 8, 1916, (Harrower), i cf .
This and the following three species are domiciliary insects,
widely distributed through tropical America.
Periplaneta brunnea Burmeister
1838. P[criplancla] brunnea Burmeister, Handb. Ent., ii, abth. ii, [)t. I, j). 503.
[cf, 9 ; Chile; Demerara [ = British Guiana].]
1896. P[eriplaneta\ iriincata Griffini, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. comp. Univ. Torino, ix,
no. 236, p. 4. [cf, 9 ; Rio Lara, Darien.]
1917. Periplaneta brunnea Hebard. Mem. Am. Ent. Soc, 2, p. 182, pi. vii, figs.
12 to 16. (Detailed diagnosis.)
Porto Bcllo, Panama, III. 18, 1911, (Busck), i cf .
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan.. VHI, 6 to 22, 1916. (Harrower), ^d'.
Periplaneta australasiae (Fabricius)
1775. [Blatta] australasiae Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 271. [" In nave e mare Pacifico
et regionibus incognitis revertente."]
1917. Periplaneta australasiae Hebard. Mem. Am. F2nt. Soc. 2, p. 185, i)l. vii. figs.
17 to 19. (Detailed diagnosis.)
Gatun. Canal Zone, Panama, VII, 2S to VIII, 22, 1916, (Harrower), i cf, i 9,
2 juv.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., VI, 6, 1912, (Busck), i d".
Argas, Pan., IV, 28, 191 1, (Busck), 2 juv.
Subfamily PAXCHLORIXAE
Pycnoscelus surinamensis (Linnaeus)
1767. [Blatta] surinamensis Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Ed. XII. p. 687. [Surinam.]
191 7. Pycnoscelus' surinamensis Hebard, Mem. Am. Ent. Soc, 2, p. 193. pi. viii,
fig. I. (Detailed diagnosis.)
Canal Zone, Panama, i<;o7, (Busck), i 9.
This is a circumtropical species, widely distributed throughout
tropical America.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
104 '^^^ BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Pycnosceloides aporus Hebard (Plate V, figure 14.)
1919. Pycnosceloides aponisUehard, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xlv, p. 300, figs, i and 2.
[9, juv.: Brownsville, Texas; Monte Diablo, California; Orizaba, Motzorongo
and Minatitlan, Vera Cruz, Mexico; material here recorded.]
Porto Bello, Panama, II, 18 and 24, 1911, (Busck), 19,2 juv. 9.
Alhajuela, Pan., IV, 4 to 17, 191 1, (Busck), 2 juv. cf, 5 Juv. 9.
Rio Chilibre, Pan., IV, 14, 191 1, (Busck), i juv. 9.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., V, 4, 191 1, (Busck). 2 juv. cf , i juv. 9 .
Cabima, Pan., V, 22 and 24, 191 1, (Busck), 2 juv. cf , 6 juv. 9 .
Corozal, Canal Zone, Pan., XI, 17, 1913, (Hebard; in jungle under decaying
banana stem in which were boring individuals of Litopeltis bispinosa (Saussure) ),
2 juv. 9.
This remarkable genus and species which, at least in the adult
females, appears to retain the immature form in full, has recently
been fully discussed with the original description. This retention of
immature form is a feature hitherto unknown in the Panchlorinae,
unless, as there stated, it sometimes occurs in Pycnosceliis siirina-
mensis Linnaeus).
Close resemblance is shown to individuals of the latter species
lacking organs of flight. The present species is distinguished by the
distal abdominal segments being similarly roughened, but not to
a like degree, and in consequence not as sharply and decidedly in
contrast with the remaining polished dorsal surface, while the
caudal margins of these segments are more strongly beaded. The
limbs are shorter, the ventro-cephalic margin of the cephalic femora
with a fringe of hairs, which does not increase considerably in
length proximad, while all the ventral femoral margins are without
spines, even distad, except the caudal margin of the caudal
femora, which bears mesad a single small spine, rarely with an-
other smaller proximal spine. The dorsal genicular spine of the
median and caudal femora is slighter. The tarsal claws are more
elongate and slender, with a smaller arolium between. The colora-
tion is very similar, blackish brown with a chestnut tinge above,
much paler below, with occiput and ocellar areas paler than face.
The discovery of the adult male of this species is awaited with
interest.
MORGAN HEBARD I05
Panchlora cubensis Saussure
1862. P[anchloni] ciihcusis Saussure, RC-v. et Mag. de Zuol., (2), xiv, p. 230.
[ 9 , Cuba.]
1896. P[a7ich!ora] viridisCnffini {nolBIatta viridis Fabricius, I775)> Boll. Mus. Zool.
Anat. comp. Univ. Torino, xi, no. 236, p. 4. [ cT, 9 ; Punta di Sabana and Ciman,
Darien.]
1917. Panchlora cuboisis Hebard, Mem. Am. Ent. Soc, 2, p. 19S, pi. viii, tigs. 2 to
5. (Detailed diagnosis.)
Pinogana, Darien, Panama, XII, 1915. (Munoz). i cf , [Hebard Collection].
Porto Bello, Pan., II, 15 to III, 16, i()ii, (Busck, Jennings), 7 d', 5 ?•
Caldera Island, Porto Bello, Pan., (Jennings), 70".
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., VII, 28 to VIII, 22, 1916, (Harrower), 2 9 •
Alhajuela, Pan., IV, 17, 1911, (Busck), i 9.
Limon Plantation, Chagres River, Pan., \'II, 14, 1918, (Dietz and Zetek), I 9.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., Ill, 19, 1912, (Busck), I 9.
Tabernilla, C. Z., Pan., V, 4 to VI, 14, 1907, (Busck), 3 cf, i 9 .
Paraiso, C. Z.. Pan., I, iS to II, 3, 191 1, (Busck, Schwarz), 2 9 .
Cabima. Pan., V, 17, 1911, (Busck), i 9.
Corozal, C. Z., Pan., IV, 7, 191 1, (Busck, at light), i c^.
Ancon, C. Z., Pan., (Jennings), I 9.
Tabogilla Island, Pan.. II, 21, 1912, (Busck), i 9.
Taboga Island. Pan., II, 20 to VI, 14, 191 1 and 1912, (Busck), 3 c^^, 2 9 .
\'cry great size variation is shown by the present series of this
common and widely (Hstributed deUcate green roach. The ex-
tremes of the series are gi\en Ix^low.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Widtli of Length of Width of
cf body pronotum pronotuni tegmen tegmen
Pinogana ii-2 3-^ 4-5 I3 3-9
Porto Bello 10.8 3-7 4-1 ^- 3-7
Porto Bello 14 4 4 .V 1 i^' 4-7
Tabernilla 12.2 4 4-9 i3-7 4^
Corozal 10.7 3-7 4-1 i^-7 3-8
9
Porto Bello 16,4 51 6 18.5 5-7
Porto Bello 18.3 5f> ^^-9 I9-^' 6.3
Porto Bello 19-5 (^ 7-4 20.8 6.8
Gatun 17 5-2 6.2 18.8 56
Gatun 20.8 6 71 21 6.2
Tabernilla 18.3 5-8 ^>-8 19-9 5-9
Paraiso i.S-S 4-9 5-8 17 4-9
Paraiso 19 -5 5 4 '' ^' I9i 5-4
Every specimen in the series has a single black dot meso-distad
on the tcgmina. ()nl\- one specimen, the largest female from Porto
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
I06 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Bello, has an additional minute black dot in the discoidal field
meso-proximad.
The males have the eyes varying from subattingent to actually
attingent. The females have the interocular space varying from
slightly over one-third to slightly less than one-fourth the greatest
ocular depth, excepting one individual in which the interocular
space is distinctly narrower.
Panchlora exoleta Burmeister
1838. P[auchlora] exoleta Burmeister, Handb. Ent., ii, abth. ii, part i, p. 507.
[Para and Bahia, Brazil.]
1893. Panchlora punctiim Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent.-Am., Orth., i, p. 96.
[ 9 ; Central America.]
Chiriqui, Panama, i 9 , [Hebard Collection].
From the three line description of puiictum, we are led to believe
that this name is based on the large condition of exoleta here, dis-
cussed, which is found in northwestern South America and in
Central America. The interocular width is described as almost
greater than that of the eye in the type of punctum. This is.
considerably greater than in any female here discussed, but a
feature of decided variability in the present species and also known
to be exceedingly variable in the closely reXsited P. ciibens is Saussure.
From cuhensis, males of exoleta are separable by the somewhat
moredepressedinter-ocular-ocellar area, '-Hhe stronger distal obtuse-
angulate emargination of the supra-anal plate, longer cerci, and
styles which are very minute, one-fifth to less than one-sixth as
long as the cerci (in cubensis one-third to about one-fourth as long
as the cerci). As has been noted, females are separable solely by
their average decidedly larger size. The margins of the pronotum
and marginal fields of the tegmina arc often slightly more opaque,
but this feature is not strikingly developed, shows some individual
variation and is on the whole of little value. 1^4
Though males of exoleta from eastern Peru, Brazil and Argentina,
show but little greater size development than is usual in cubensis,
and females are only above the average, not above the maximum,
for that species, a male at hand from Alpayacu, Oriente, Ecuador,
and a large series of males from Bogota and Villavicensio, Cundi-
'^■* This feature is not constant. It is distinctly apparent onl\,- in some series.
'-■* It is further to be noted that, in alcoholic material, this condition is decidedly inten-
sified.
MORGAN HEBARD IO7
namarca, Colombia, are as large as females of cubensis, while the
Panamanian female here recorded, one from Yuto, Jujuy, Argentina
and a large series of this sex from the Colombian localities men-
tioned above, are very decidedly larger than any female of cubensis
in the very large series of that species before lis.
It is therefore evident that in northwestern South America and in
Central America alone, exoleta is of very decidedly greater size than
ciiboisis.
Mcasiirenicnts (in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of )A'idth of
Cf body pronotum pronotum tegmen legmen
Bogota, Colombia (5). . . 14. 9-1 6.1 4.9-5.4 5.9-6.4 17.9-20 5.4-6.1
V'illavicensio, Colombia
(32) 15.1-17.8 4.8-5.3 5-7-(^A- 17-9-20 5-3-5-9
AlpayacLi, eastern Ecua-
dor 17 5-2 6.3 20.2 6.2
Cantumayo, eastern Peru
(4) 13. 3-15. 5 4.3-49 4-9-5-6 15. 1-16. 8 4.8-5.4
Marmore Railroad, Bra-
zil'25 13.8 4.4 5.2 15.7 4.9
Igarape-Assu, Brazil'-''
(2) 14-13-8 4.1-4.6 4-8-5-1 15-13-4 4-2-4-8
Yuto, Jujuy, Argentina'" 12.2 4.2 4.9 15.4 4.2
9
Chiriqui, Panama 24 6.4 7.9 24.4 7.2
Bogota, Colombia 23 ().8 8 25.3 8.1
Villavicensio, Coloml)ia
(19) 19.8-24.2 6.2-7.3 7-7-9-2 23.7-26.8 7-8.5
C a n t u m a y o, e a s t c r n
Peru (2) 17.9-20 5-5-6-1 6.8-7.9 20-22 5-9"7
Igarape-Assu, Brazil. .. . 23 6 7 21.2 6.2
Yuto, Jujuy, Argentina. . 23.1 6.8 8 22.3 7
Panchlora colombiae Hcbard
1919. Panchlora colombiae Hebard, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xlv, p. 1 15, pi. xviii, tig. 3.
[cT, 9 ; La Cumbre and Cauca, Colombia.]
Porto Bello, Panama. II, 28, 191 1 and IV, 21, 1912. (Busck), 2cf.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., Ill, 23, 1912, (Busck), i cf.
This is the only jilain green species of the genus known from
'-5 Correctly recorded by Rehn, Trans. .\m. Ent. Soc, .\lii, p. 239, (1916).
128 Correctly recorded by Rehn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1918, p. 161, (1918).
1-" This we believe to be the only correct record for this species from Argentina, as
Rehn's record of exoleta from the Misiones is based on material of other si)ecies.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
I08 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Central America, which has the male subgenital plate strongly
asymmetrical, produced sinistrad.
The specimens here recorded are smaller and have less elongate
tegmina than the males originally described, while the eyes are
more approximate, subattingent in two, attingent in one individual.
When compared with males of P. ciibensis Saussure, these indi-
viduals are seen to be slightly broader with surface more shining,
much as in P. minor Saussure and Zehntner.
Panchlora minor Saussure and Zehntner (Plate V, figure 15.)
1893. Panchlora acolhna^-^ variety minor Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. -Am.,
Orth. i, p. 95. [ 9 ; Bugaba, Panama.]
1893. Panchlora fraterna Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. -Am. Orth.. i, p, 97.
[cf , 9 ; Chontales, Nicaragua; Volcan de Chiriqui, Panama.]
Rio Trinidad, Panama, V, 3, 1911, (Busck), 2 9.
Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Pan., V, 4, 1907, (Busck), id".
This is a plain green species of the genus, having a blackish meso-
distal antennal annulus. The male genitalia were not originally
described, and we have thought it best to figure them for this
reason.
The two females at hand have the interocular space showing
marked difference; in one equalling one-fourth the ocular width, in
the other over half the ocular width. In this sex the median
portion of the free margin of the subgenital plate is transverse,
normally showing no concavity whatever.
The dark antennal annulus occupies one to three joints in the
present series. ^-^
Panchlora translucida Kirb}^ *
1862. Panchlora hyalina Saussure (not Blatta hyalina Stoll, 1813), Rev. et Mag. de
Zool., (2), xiv, p. 231. [[9]; Guatemala.]
1893. Panchlora hyalina Saussure and Zehntner (not Blatta hyalina Stoll, 1813),
Biol. Cent. -Am., Orth., i, p. 96. [d^, Cuba: 9 , Guatemala.]
1903. Panchlora translucida Kirby, Ann. IMag. Nat. Hist., (7), xii, p. 378. (New
name.)
128 \\7q h(>rg select as type of acolhua the unique female, described from the State of
Guerrero, Mexico. The specimens recorded as an unnamed variety of that species from
Capetillo, Guatemala, are either small examples of acolhua, or large individuals of minor,
while those described as fraterna are clearly the same as those described as acolhua
variety minor.
12^ In other specimens of the species at hantl it occuijies seven to nine joints.
MORGAN HEBARD IO9
Limon Plantation, Rio Chagres, Panama, VII, 14, 1918, (Dietz and Zetek; sweep-
ings around corn field), i 9 , [United States National Museum].
This species is closely related to P. minor Saussure and Zehntner,
agreeing in shining coloration and annulate antennae. It differs
in the female sex in the larger size, slightly broader form, greater
intcrocular space, which fully equals the ocular width, and in the
median portion of the free margin of the subgcnital plate, which is
not straight transverse, but shows a weak and broad conca\ity, as
much as that at the cereal bases.
The dark antennal annulus occupies four and six joints in this
specimen.
Phortioeca phoraspoides (Walker) (Plate VI, figure i.)
1871. Zetohora phoraspoides Walker, Cat. Derm. Saltat. Brit. Mus., v, Suppl.
Blatt., p. 8. [cf ; Chontales, Nicaragua.]
1893. Zetohora suhlobata Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. -Am., Orth., i. p. 102.
[ c? ; Pantaleon, Guatemala.]
Cabima, Panama, V, 22, 1911, (Busck), i d", 2 9 , 14 juv. in 3 instars.
This roach, though handsome in the adult winged condition,
with pronotum black, ochraceous-buff meso-cephalad and ferrugi-
nous latero-cephalad, is even more striking in the immature
stages (see plate VI, fig. i). Then individuals are ochraceous-
buff to ochraceous-tawny, showing a beautiful, intricate and sym-
metrical heavy pattern of black. In the immature stages only,
this species is strongly patelliform.^'^"
This species has also been recorded from San Carlos, Costa Rica.
CAPUCINELLA new genus
This genus is closely related to Capucina Saussure, agreeing in
general character of structure, but differing in the smaller size,
head with face flat but not concave, very delicate but not at all
coriaceous pronotum and shorter distal tarsal joint, with arolium
proportionately more ample.
Furthermore the sexes of the present genus are very different in
general appearance. The male has the organs of flight fully
developed, more so than in Capucina, the pronotum somewhat less
130 \Ye use this term to characterize the type of roach which is flattened, weakly convex
above and concave beneath. Such structure enables the individual to press itself closely
under bark or debris and doubtless when approached to retract head, antennae and limbs,
leaving exposed only the protected dorsal surface. A genus of limpets bears the name
Patella.
^lEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
no THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
transverse, and the tegmina very delicate and not at all coriaceous,
with venation less crowded.
The female entirely, lacks organs of flight and agrees with nym-
phal material of the genus Capucina in having all of the dorsal
segments produced laterad, this in proportion to the production of
the pronotum cephalad, but narrowing caudad, and there in like
proportion to the production of the supra-anal plate.
Thus in Capiicinella, unlike in Capucina, the remarkable patelli-
form^^^ type of the immature condition is retained in adults of the
female sex.
Genotype: CapucineUa delicatida new species.
Generic Description. — Male. Head very small, interocular space
very narrow, entire face flat. Antennae delicate, decidedly shorter
than body, first joint very elongate, cylindrical. Maxillary
palpi very short. Pronotum extending beyond head a distance
nearly equal to the cephalic length, structure extremely delicate;
surface feebly and finely vermiculate-cribrose without minute
nodules, cucullate above head, not reflexed, meso-laterad broadly
and distinctly depressed, concave; cephalic and caudal margins
very feebly cingulate, equally rather strongly convex to lateral
angles, which are at a point mesad between the cephalic and caudal
extremities, these angles very slightly less than rectangulate and
very sharply rounded. Tegmina very delicate, broad, extending
beyond apex of abdomen a greater distance than in Capucina, with
apex broadly rounded; delicate veins in anal and discoidal fields
rather widely spaced and connected by numerous transverse vein-
lets. Wings very delicate, intercalated triangle absent. Abdo-
men broad, lateral margins of dorsal segments dilated, latero-caudal
angles rounded, but little produced caudad. Genitalia character-
istic of the Panchlorinae.
Female. Head broader than in male but in general similar, ex-
cept that the eyes are strongly reduced and are resultantly separated
by a very wide space, while the antennae are much shorter. The
pronotum is delicate, but not as extremely delicate as in the male
^'1 This term is used to characterize the type of roach which is flattened, vvealdy convex
above and concave beneath. The name is derived from that of the genus of Hmpcts
called Patella.
MORGAN HEBARD III
and has the caudal margin less conxex. the ])ronotum being re-
sultantly more transverse, with lateral angles distinctly caudad of a
median point between the cephalic and caudal extremities. Teg-
mina and wings absent. Form strongly patelliform, with lateral
margins of all the dorsal segments decidedly more produced than in
the male. Subgenital plate simple.
Both sexes with limbs slender, but not elongate. Cephalic
femora with ventro-cephalic margin armed distad with a row of
minute chaetiform spines, terminated by a single minute but stout
distal spine; other ventral femoral margins unarmed. Median
and caudal femora with a minute but stout dorsal genicular spine.
Cephalic tibiae moderately elongate; all tibiae armed with small
spines. Tarsi very short, proximal four joints with ventral surfaces
fully occupied by large pulvilli, except proximal portion of meta-
tarsus. Large arolia present between tarsal claws.
Capucinella delicatula new species (Plate VI, figures 2 and 3.)
This species is very distinctive. From a purely superficial
standpoint, the male resembles more closely males of Ilomalopteryx
lamiuata Brunner, than any other species at hand.
Type. — 9 ; San Lorenzo, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Alag-
dalena, Colombia. Elevation, 7000 to 8300 feet. x'\ugust 23,
1913. (M. A. Carriker Jr.) [Hebard Collection, Type no. 516.]
Size small, but larger than male. Form broad. Eyes strongly reduced, separated
by a very wide space, equalling four times the narrow occipital ocular width. Max-
illary palpi very short, fifth joint equal in length to third, slightly longer than fourth
joint. Antennae not three times as long aS head; first joint elongate cylindrical,
narrowing in proximal third, four times as long as greatest width; second joint
slightly narrower, slightly longer than wide; third joint distinctly narrower, twice
as long as wide; succeeding joints grading from shorter than wide to over twice as
long as wide distad. Tegmina and wings absent.
Dorsal surface with a medio-longitudinal line which develojis into a very fine and
weak carina in the cucullate portion of the i)ronotum. Mesonotum, metanotum and
dorsal abdominal segments with latero-caudal angles slightly produced latero-
caudad and distinctly less than rectangulate, sixth dorsal abdominal segment and
supra-anal plate produced as far as the cereal apices. Cerci very small, lateral
margins entire, dorsal surface deplanate, ventral surface strongly convex proximad,
thence weakly convex in median portion distad. Supra-anal plate about one and
three-fifths times wider than long, lateral margins straight and moderately diverging
beyond cereal bases to broadly rounded latero-caudal angles, caudal margin straight,
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
112
THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
transverse. Subgenital plate simple, truncate meso-distad, reaching scarcely
beyond cereal bases, margin slightly concave beneath cereal bases. Limbs, arma-
ment and other features given in generic description.
Allotype. — cT; Porto Bello, Panama. March lo, 191 1. (E. A.
Schwarz.) [United States National Museum.]
Size small, form moderately broad. Eyes large, subattingent. Maxillary palpi
with fourth and fifth joints subequal in length, each slightly shorter than third.
Antennae much more elongate than in female, but with joints very similar except
that the distal joints grade to three times as long as wide. Caudal margin of
pronotum showing weak convexities on each side above the humeral trunk of the
tegmina. Tegmina extending beyond apex of abdomen a distance equal to the
tegminal width; marginal field occupied by an irregular network of very fine vein-
lets; discoidal field with (eight) moderately radiating discoidal sectors; anal sulcus
curving sharply distad toward sutural margin. Wings with (six) incomplete and
(three) complete branches of the ulnar vein.
Dorsal surface of the abdomen with third, fourth and fifth segments each showing
along delicate transverse ridge proximad ; latero-caudal angles of segments not pro-
duced, rectangulate, with apices rather broadly rounded, except those of seventh
segment which are weakly produced, subrectangulate with apex rather sharply
rounded, eighth segment concealed. Supra-anal plate exceedingly delicate, pro-
duced, nearly twice as broad as long; caudal margin almost transverse, very feebly
convex; latero-caudal angles very broadly rounded. Cerci short, delicate, not
extending as far as caudal margin of supra-anal plate. Subgenital plate roundly
produced sinistrad a distance slightly over half that of supra-anal plate, forming
dextrad a large and weakly obtuse-angulate emargination, from the apex of which
springs a slender, straight style, three-quarters as long as the adjacent cercus, with
apex furnished with a few minute hairs.
Measurements {^in millimeters)
Length of
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of caudal tarsal
Cy body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen joint
Porto Bello, Panama,
allotype 13.5 4.9 7-2 i4-2 5-7 i-i
9
San Lorenzo, Colom-
bia,/3'/)e 16.5 4.9 8.3 — — I
From Colombia, ad-
ventive at New
York 14.2 '4.7 8.1 — — I
Pronotum transparent, .hyaline with a faint buffy tinge, except for the meso-
caudal area, which, in a rather broad, inverted V-shaped space with lateral margins
concave, is russet, showing microscopic scattered flecks of buff. Tegmina and
wings transparent, hyaline with a faint buffy tinge, the tegmina in a few minute
MORGAN HEBARD II3
flecks and patches washed with cinnamon brown. ^32 Remaining portions of dorsal
surface light ochraceous-buff, washed with russet toward the tegminal and wing
bases on mesonotum and metanotum and shading to ochraceous-buff meso-distad
on abdomen. Head, ventral surface and limbs ochraceous-buff, this slightly deeper
on femora. Eyes blackish mummy brown. Antennae ochraceous-buff proximad,
shading to mummy brown in remaining portions (over two-thirds), except terminal
joint which is ochraceous-buff. Cephalic tibiae with a minute fleck of prout's
brown proximad on cephalic face, so that this is concealed by the slightly produced
and rounded genicular lobe of the cephalic femora when the limbs are flexed.
Female. Buffy in general coloration, the dorsal surface covered with a micro-
scopic network of a cinnamon brown incrustation. Underparts lighter buffy.
Head with a weak, irregular, mottled and rather narrow interocular band of prout's
brown, and a blackish interocellar band, this latter continued briefly beneath each
of these points. Antennae more sharply mummy brown mesad than in male, with
(three to five) distal joints pale buff. Cerci with a heavy band of blackish brown
occupying their median half.
In the adventive specimens, here recorded, the interocellar band sends a median
suffusion ventrad to the labrum, the face thus bearing a heavy, blackish, roughly
T-shaped marking.
In addition to the type and allotype, the following material is
before us.
San Lorenzo, Sierra Nevada de Santa iMarta, Alagdalena, Colombia, VIII, 23,
1913, (M. A. Carriker, Jr.), i juv., 3 small juv., taken with type, [Hebard Collection].
At quarantine, New York, received in orchids imported from Bogota, Columbia,
V, 1915, (H. B. Shaw), 2 9, [United States National Museum].
Subfamily BLABERINAE
Archimandrita tessellata Rehn
1903. Archimandrita tessellata Rehn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xxix, p. 287. [cf ; San
Carlos, Costa Rica.]
Panama, (Harrower), i cf .
Colon, Pan., V, 1913, (Zetek), i c^, [Hebard Collection].
Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Pan., I, 1907, (Busck), i cf .
Gorgona, C. Z., Pan., (Jennings), i cf .
The present species is the largest and has the broadest tegmina
of the Central American Blaberinae. This and the tcssellate
tegmina readily distinguish the species from any of the forms of the
genus Blabcriis.
''- This may be due to the specimen being slightly soiled, rather than to its pigmenta-
tion. We would note that whereas our series of Capucina patula (Walker), from Costa
Rica, all show an incrustation to varying degrees on pronotum and tegmina, none have
these portions co\-ered by "velvety pile", as described for the synonymous cticullata by
Saussure and Zehntncr (Biol. Cent. Amer., Orth., i, p. 103, (1893)).
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
114 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
This insect was described as smaller than A. marmorata (Stoll).
From careful consideration of the literature, the type, and a series
of twenty-one Central American examples of the genus at hand, we
have reached the following conclusions.
Stoll's marmorata^^^ is an insect averaging distinctly smaller in
size than tessellata, but having the intcrocular space decidedly
wider. It is represented by material before us from Nicaragua
only, and tessellata may prove to be a large southern race of
that species. The material recorded by Rehn as marmorata from
Colombia, represents instead tessellata, which we believe is also the
case for all other material previously recorded from Costa Rica
southward. Rehn was unacquainted with true marmorata at the
time of the description of tessellata.
To show the exact differences from which we feel justified in
holding tessellata as a valid species, we give the following measure-
ments (in millimeters).
Width of
interocular Length of Width of Length of Width of
O space pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
viarr)wrata
San Marcos, Nicaragua 1.7 14 21.8 50 22.3
tessellata
Tarbaca, Costa Rica i.i 15.3 23.4 59.5 24.4
San Carlos, Costa Rica i 16. i 26.2 62.8 26.8
Gorgona, Panama i 16.6 25.2 68.3 27.9
Colon, Panama 1.2 17.2 28 70 29.9
9
marmorata
Nicaragua 2 14. i 22.1 42 21.7
Nicaragua 2 13.9 22.3 41.8 21.3
tessellata
Monte Redondo, Costa Rica . . 1.2 17 26.8 54.8 25.8
Costa Rica 1.3 17.9 27.7 57.9 27
Colombia 1.3 18.2 28.3 62 30 . 6
The present species shows decided size variation and also fre-
quent pronotal asymmetry.
"■■' Bruner has recorded that species from the island of Oiiietepe, Nicaragua, and has
given an excellent figure of the insect (Nat. Hist. Bull., Lab. Nat. Hist. State Univ. Iowa,
iii, p. 60, pi. ii, fig. i, (1895)).
MORGAN HEBARD II5
Blaberus colosseus (lUiger)
1802. Blatta colossca Illigcr, Mag. Insektenkunde, i, p. 186. [Demerara ( = British
Guiana).]
1916. Blaberus colosseus Hebard, Ent. News, xxvii, p. 291, pi. xv, figs. 2 to 5.
[cf, 9; localities in Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, X'cnezuela,
Trinidad and French Guiana.]
Alhajuela, Panama, III, 10, 1912, (Busck), i d", i 9, i small juv.
Gorgona, Canal Zone, Pan., i d', [Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia].
Paraiso, C. Z., Pan., IV, 4. 1912, (Busck), i juv. d', i small juv.
Cabima, Pan., V, 18, 191 1, (Busck), i cf , i 9 with ootheca.
Ancon, C. Z., Pan., i cf , [United States National Museum].
Chorrera, Pan., V, 17, 1912, (Busck), i 9.
Bugaba, Chiriqui, Panama, (Wm. Schaus), i juv. cf.
This is the largest Central American species of the genus, the
tcgmina in females of the present series measure sixty-six to seventy
millimeters in length. The insect is a beautiful immaculate
pale buffy brown, with shield-shaped area on disk of pronotum,
humeral trunk and a broad transverse band mesad between the
humeral veins of the tegmina when these are at rest, dark brown.
The ootheca is simply a mantle, holding a double row of eggs in
place in a strip, in the specimen before us eight millimeters in
width and extruded a distance of approximately twenty-four
millimeters.
The immature condition of this species is distinctly patelliform
(see footnote 130, on page 109), with pronotum and lateral portions
of abdominal segments exceedingly lamellate, when compared with
immature examples of other species of the genus Blaberus.
Blaberus discoidalis Serville
1839. Blabcra discoidalis Serville, Hist. Nat. Ins.,Orth., p. 76. [ 9 , San Domingo.]
1889. Blahera limhaia Bruner (not of Burmeister, 1838), Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
xii, p. 188. [adult, Panama.]
1896. B[labera] trapezoidea Griffini (not of Burmeister, 1838), Boll. Mus. Zool.
Anat. comp. I'niv. Torino, xi, no. 236, p. 4. [ 9 ; Punta di Sabana, Darien.]
1896. B[labcra\ rufescens Griffini, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. comp. Univ. Torino, xi,
no. 236, p. 4. [9 ; Lake Pita, Darien.]
1916. Blaberus discoidalis Hebard, Ent. News, xxvii, p. 294. [Detailed diagnosis:
cT, 9 : San Domingo, Porto Rico, Jamaica, Trinidad, Venezuela and Panama.]
Pinogana, Darien, Panama, XII, 1915, (Munoz), I 9, i juv. d , [Hebard Collec-
tion].
Porto Bello, Pan., (Jennings), I d-
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
Il6 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Rio Trinidad, Pan., VI, 4, 1912, (Busck), i juv. cT, i juv. 9 .
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., VII, 28 to VIII, 22, 1916, (Harrower; near habitations,
under boards), 2 juv. d", 3 Juv. 9 , i small juv.
Ancon, C. Z., Pan., (Jennings), 22 small juv.
Taboga Island, Pan., VI, 4, 1912, (Busck), i juv. 9 .
This species is readily distinguished from the preceding by its
decidedly smaller size, somewhat broader form and darker buffy
brown general coloration. The tegmina are seldom much suffused
beyond the apex of the humeral trunk, though sometimes heavily
so, but a broad transverse median band, such as is found in colos-
seus, never occurs.
The immature condition of this species is more convex and has
the pronotum and lateral portions of the dorsal surface much less
lamellate than in immatures of colosseus, in general form very
similar to immature examples of the genus Archimandrita.
EUBLABERUS new genus
1894. Blahera Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. Am., Orth., i, p. 117. (In part;
species placed in section "a" of key for the genus.)
The present genus includes hiolleyi (Rehn), posticus (Erichson).
sulzeri (Guerin), distanti {Kirhy) , femorata (Scudder) and im?nacula
(Saussure and Zehntner), which, in our opinion should be arranged
in the order here indicated.
Genotype: Eublaberus hiolleyi [Blaber us hiolleyi] {Rehn).^^^
The genus is closely related to Blaherus, but differs signally in a
number of features, given in the following description, which give
all of the species a distinctly different facies.
Generic Description. — Interocular space wide to very wide; wide
only in certain species of Blaherus. Antennae heavy, incrassate,
moderately pilose except in proximal portion; distinctly more
slender in Blaherus, with pilose condition less decided. Pronotum
with lateral margins showing an appreciable angulation mcsad or
meso-cephalad, or with point of greatest convexity meso-cephalad;
in Blaherus the lateral margins of the pronotum never show any
angulation, the point of greatest convexity being mesad or meso-
caudad. Pronotum with a broad blackish bar on caudal margin. ^^'^
134 \Yjj select this species as genotype, owing to the fact that both original description
and figure are better than for any other species here included. See Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.,
1905. P- 792, fig- I, (1906).
"5 Such marking is found only in Blaherus Jralcrnus Saussure, among the species of
that genus at hand.
MORGAN HEBARD 117
Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora supplied with a fringe of
hairs, terminated by a single stout spine; occasional individuals
show one or a few stout proximal spines on this margin ; which is the
normal condition in Blaherus. Ventro-caudal femoral margins
supplied with hairs; ventro-caudal margin of cephalic and median
femora armed, distad only, with two closely placed heavy spines ;'^^^
in Blaherus these two distal spines are never found. Limbs pro-
portionately somewhat shorter and stouter than in Blaberus.
Eublaberus biolleyi (Rehn)
1906. Blaherus biolleyi Rehn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1905, p. 792, fig. i.
[ 9 ; Reventazon River, plains of Santa Clara, Costa Rica.]
Cabima, Panama, \', 27, 191 1, (Busck), i ?.
The present specimen closely resembles the type. The pronotum
is slightly more ample, the tw^o pair of dots cephalad similar, the
pair of median blotches and pair of caudal blotches narrowly fusing
longitudinally with each other and with the broad caudal marginal
black band. We would note that this marginal band is broadest
mesad in the present species, narrowing toward the point above the
humeral trunk of the tegmina on each side and very narrowly con-
tinued beyond. In E. posticus (Erichson) this band is nearly
subequal in width throughout and is sharply obliquely terminated
at the point above the humeral trunk of the tegmina on each side.
Eublaberus posticus (Erichson)
1848. Blabera postica Erichson, in Schomb. Reisen Brit. Guiana, iii, p. 580.
[British Guiana.]
1894. Blabera thoracica Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent.-Am., Orth., i, p. 120, pi.
V, fig. 25. [ 9 : Panama; Bogota, Colombia.]
1896. B[labera] thoracica Griffini. Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. comp. Univ. Torino, xi,
no. 236, p. 5. [ 9 ; Punta di Sabana, Darien.]
Panama, i 9 , [U. S. N. M.]
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., VII, 25 to \TII,22, 1916, (Harrower; one in house),2 9.
The present insect is distinctive in having, in the area of the
lyrate pronotal escutcheon, a large number of small dark dots and
blotches, rather than a few hca\ier markings, as found in E. biolleyi
(Rehn), or a heavy suffusion such as occurs in the remaining species
of the genus.
"" Occasionally one or both of these spines are missing on one or more of these femora.
Not a specimen at hand, however, fails to have at least two of the four femora supplied
with these two distal spines, which occur in no other genus of the Blattidae known to us.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
Il8 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Decided \-ariation occurs in the width of the interocular space
and in size, as is shown by the following measurements (in milli-
meters) for the few Panamanian specimens at hand.
Interocular Length of Width of Length of Width of
+ width pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
Panama 2.9 12.8 17.7 44.9 16.6
Gatun, Panama 2.6 ii.i 16. i 38.8 15. i
Gatun, Panama 2.3 ii.i 16. i 37.4 14.5
Subfamily CORYDIINAE
Holocompsa nitidula (Fabricius)
1781. B[Iatla] nitidula Fabricius, Spec. Ins., i, p. 345. [[ 9], Surinam.]
1917. Holocompsa nitidula Hebard, Mem. Am. Ent. Soc, 2, p. 206, pi. viii, figs. 8 to
II. (Detailed diagnosis.)
Ancon, Canal Zone, Panama, (Jennings), i cf .
The male sex of this minute species has the pronotum black, with
a weak green-blue sheen, the female having the pronotum mars
yellow to orange rufous.
The present specimen is decidedly smaller than a series of other
males of the species before us. Length of body, 4; length of
pronotum, 1.2; width of pronotum, 1.8; length of tegmen, 3.9 mm.
In other respects it shows no variation from the normal.^"
Holocompsa panamae new species (Plate VI, figure 4.)
The present species has the tegmina immaculate, the pronotum
pale laterad, dark mesad, the median band expanding caudad to the
caudal margin, instead of narrowing and failing to reach the caudal
margin as in H. zapoteca Saussure and Zehntner, which is the only
other known species of the genus having the pronotum bicolored.
In size panamae is smaller than any of the known species, the
type female being smaller than the average male of H. nitidula
(Fabricius).
Type. — 9; Paraiso, Canal Zone, Panama. February 7, 191 1.
(A. Busck.) [United States National Museum.]
Size very small, form stout, tegmina and wings projecting only slightly beyond
apex of abdomen. Head fully as broad as long; eyes very widely separated, above
not extending inward beyond antennal bases; ocelli minute, oval, with surface con-
vex; occiput and face supplied with very minute and moderately numerous hairs.
137 \Ye regret to state that, in the detailed diagnosis referred to above, we failed to
mention that, in males of this species, the hyaline distal portion of the tegmina shows,
when the tegmina are at rest, a weak but broad transverse suffusion of brown.
MORGAN HEBARD 119
Pronotum proportionately less ample and less transverse than in nitidida; well
supplied with very minute hairs, these decidedly less numerous and not elongate on
the cephalic and lateral margins as in nitidiila; surface weakly convex, becoming
strongly so laterad; cejihalic and caudal margins transverse, lateral margins weakly
divergent caudad and weakly convex; latero-cephalic angles very broadly rounded
and very broadly obtuse-angulate, latero-caudal angles broadly rounded, forming
an angle of slightly more than ninety degrees. Scutellum proportionately large,
smooth, without hairs. Tegmina proximad opaque, smooth, without hairs, bound-
ed by a straight oblique line from apex of scutellum to apex of discoidal vein;
remaining distal portion delicate, suffused, hyaline.
Cerci as in niiidida, with (eight) strongly defined, rounded joints. Supra-anal
plate decidedly produced, free margin rather strongly convex. Subgenital plate'^s
with surface convex, deeply and sharply acute-angulate emarginate in mesal quar-
ter, this area occupied by two vah'es, with surfaces weakh' concave, separated by a
medio-longitudinal cleft.
Cephalic femora with ventro-ce[)halic margin armed with a row of minute chaeti-
form spines, succeeded by two heavy, elongate, distal spines, of which the last is
much the longer; other ventral femoral margins unarmed. Tarsi very slender;
caudal metatarsus longer than combined length of succeeding joints, its ventral
surface armed with a double row of microscopic chaetiform spines; minutely micro-
scopic pulvilli appreciable only, situated distad on first and second joints, filling
ventral surfaces of third and fourth joints. Moderately well developed arolia
present.
Length of body, 5; length of pronotum, 1.4; width of pronotum, 1.7; length of
tegmen, 4.65; width of tegnicn, 1.8; length of caudal tibia. 1.8 mm.
Head blackish mummy brown. Antennae of same color, with a broad bufiy
annulus (which occupies four to six joints) meso-distad. Pronotum with a
broad medio-longitudinal suffused band of blackish mummy l)rown, which expands
evenly caudad, nearly twice as broad at the caudal margin as at the cephalic margin;
pronotum laterad light ochraceous-buff, tinged with ochraceous-orange mesad
toward the median band. Proximal opaque portion of tegmina blackish mummy
brown, with a very feeble metallic purplish sheen; distal portions of tegmina hyaline,
tinged with mummy brown. Ventral surface and limbs dark mummy brown, except
proximal two-thirds of median and caudal femora, which are pale ochraceous-butT.
The type is unique.
Hypercompsa fieberi (B runner)
1865. Diaphana fieberi Brunner, Xouv. Syst. Blatt., p. 439- [cf . Brazil.]
Porto Bello, Panama, II, 24, 191 1, (Busck), l 9.
This diminutive insect is remarkable in ha\'ing the tegmina
entirely clear hyaline, except for a narrow marginal area which
expands slightly twice along the costal margin and a very narrow
"* The remaining portions of this description give characters which are found in all
the species of the genus Holocompsa.
MEM. ENT, AM. SOC, 4.
120 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
marginal area bounding the sutural margin in the anal field, these
areas opaque, blackish. The insect is blackish, with caudal margin
of pronotum narrowly ochraceous-tawny, this expanding slightly
toward the latero-caudal angles. The cerci and a broad meso-
distal annulus on the antennae are ochraceous-buff.
Latindia dohrniana Saussure and Zehntner
1894. Latindia dohrniana Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. -Am., Orth., i, p.
Ill, pi. V, fig. 7. [9, Guatemala.]
Rio Trinidad, Panama, V, 3, 1911, (Busck), i 9.
Cabima, Pan., V, 24, 1911, (Busck), i 9.
Both females here recorded have fully developed tegmina, ex-
tending well beyond the apex of the abdomen. A small series be-
fore us shows that tegminal reduction occurs in this species in both
sexes, varying to the condition figured for the type, which shows the
tegmina failing to reach the apex of the abdomen by almost the
pronotal length.
The present minute brown species has the sexes similar; eyes
very widely separated, the interocular width decidedly greater than
that between the antennal sockets, eyes reduced and narrower in
dorsal than in lateral portion; disk of pronotum flat, strongly trun-
catecaudad, with a transverse broadlyobtuse-angulate linear sulcus
meso-cephalad, from the angle of which extends caudad a medio-
longitudinal linear sulcus; tegmina with numerous, strongly oblique
discoidal sectors, and cephalic and caudal femora of male enlarged,
the cephalic femora with two large, heavy dentate projections on
their ventro-caudal margins. In both sexes the ventro-cephalic
margin of the cephalic femora is supplied with a fringe of micro-
scopic hairs, of which all but the more proximal are very short.
Both median and caudal femora are normally supplied with a
minute and very delicate dorsal genicular spine. ^^^ Pulvilli and
arolia absent. These features we consider of generic diagnostic
value.
Compsodes cucullatus (Saussure and Zehntner)
1894. Latindia cucidlata Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent.-Am., Orth., i, p. in,
pi. V, fig. 9. [cf ; San Geronimo, Guatemala.]
Corozal, Canal Zone, Panama, IV, 14, 1912, (Busck), i c?.
^'" Two specimens, in the small scries before us, have one limb showing no trace of this
spine.
MORGAN HEBARD 121
This minute brown roach is the only species of the genus ^^^ in
which the pronotum is produced cephalad, extending beyond the
head.
MELESTORA Stai
1858. Melestora Stal, Kongl. Svenska Freg. Eugenics Resa, Zool., i, p. 311.
The present genus is distinctly closer to Compsodes Hebard than
to Lathidia Stal, as is shown by the large and fully developed eyes,
form of pronotum and character of tegminal venation.
From Compsodes we would note that the males of Melestora^^^ are
best distinguished by the more slender form; wide interocular
space •/■*- pronotum lacking medio-longitudinal linear sulcation;
tegmina with discoidal sectors very weakly oblique beyond apex of
anal field, elsewhere longitudinal, ^^^ cross-veinlets very weak or
subobsolete proximad and obsolete distad; subgenital plate
strongly asymmetrical, and arolia though very small relatively well
developed, extending from half as far toward to nearly to the
apices of the tarsal claws.
Melestora micra new species (Plate VI, figure 5.)
The present minute, uniformly colored species, with M. minutis-
sima Rehn, is readily distinguished from the three other previously
known South American species of the genus by the much smaller
size and slender form.
The very close relationship to miniUissima is shown by the fact
that the two species agree in every respect, except in genitalia
features.
Type. — cf ; Paraiso, Canal Zone, Panama. May 10, 1911.
(A. H. Jennings.) [United States National Museum.]
Size minute; form elongate ovate, depressed surface polished, regularly but not
thickly clothed with silky pile.'** Head visible cephalad of pronotum; occiput
"" Described; Trans. Am. Ent. See, 2, p. 208, (191 7).
'*' The female sex is unknown for Melestora. In Latindia females are generally similar
to males, in Compsodes they lack organs of {fight and retain the immature form.
"- Not, however, accompanied by ocular reduction or as wide as in Latindia.
1" Stal's figure for the genotype, M. adspersipennis Stal, shows these sectors moder-
ately oblique, though termed longitudinal veins in his original description. This dis-
parity is probably due to the discoidal sectors being in that species as characterized
above, which condition is shown by the several other species of Melestora before us.
"' On the pronotum and proximal portions of the tegmina, this pile has been rubbed
off in the two specimens at hand. The sockets from which the hairs spring are, however,
there clearly \isible under high magnification.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
122 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
convex, interocular space broad, appreciably greater than that between the anten-
nal sockets, subequal to occipital depth of the very large eyes. Surface of inter-
ocular area with regularly placed impressed pits, connected by fine radiating lines,
this weakening to area above labrum, which is smooth and polished. Maxillary
palpi with fifth (distal) joint enlarged, as long as combined length of second and
third joints, third joint slightly longer than fourth.
Pronotum transverse, short elliptical; margins convex, the greatest convexity
being at the weakly suggested latero-caudal angles; surface weakly convex laterad,
lateral-caudal sulci of disk represented by broad and rather shallowly depressed
areas diverging cephalad, the intervening section very feebly convex, with very weak
transverse wrinkles and no trace of a medio-longitudinal sulcation. Tegmina cori-
aceous, lanceolate-elliptical; width greatest meso-distad; apex rather broadly
rounded; costal margin finely nodulose cingulate from distal portion of marginal
field to apex; anal field elongate pyriform, anal sulcus distinct; discoidal sectors
(four or five) longitudinal, except immediately beyond apex of anal field where one
or two are weakly oblique, connected by moderately well developed cross-veinlets,
which form irregularly rectangulate interspaces, the majority of which are elongate,
particularly distad.'''^ Wings fully developed.
Supra-anal plate transverse, free margin broadly and evenly convex. Paired
plate beneath supra-anal plate with sinistral portion slightly the heavier, supplied
with a few stiff microscopic hairs. Subgenital plate highly asymmetrical: margin
sinistrad sharply and strongly obliquely concave ventrad of cercus, this concavity
rather extensively subchitinous at its base, fornaing a socket from which springs a mi-
nute, microscopic, simple style ;'^^ mesad the plate is produced in a lamella with disto-
sinistral angle broadly rounded, while the disto-dextral angle is produced dextrad
in a heavy arm, which at its apex is sharply curved back, thence forming a slender
chitinous process lying along the dorsal margin of the produced portion, with apex
aciculate; dextrad the margin is feebly convex, oblique produced to the median
produced portion, from which it is separated by a straight sulcus, which is subchiti-
nous, showing a weak inclination sinistrad, and runs to near the proximal third of
the plate.
Cephalic femora missing. Median and caudal femora with ventral margins well
supplied with spiniform hairs. ^^^ Dorsal genicular spines absent from all limbs.
Caudal tarsus about four-fifths as long as caudal tibia; the metatarsus slightly
longer than the combined length of the succeeding tarsal joints, pilose, with ventral
"■^ The tegmina in the specimens here considered have lost most of the pilose covering
shown by the type of minutissima, and the venation is consequently more readily ob-
served. These species do not show any differences in tegminal venation which we would
consider of specific diagnostic value.
^'^ In the type of minutissima, a homologous, minute, microscopic, sim])le, sinistral
style is found.
"' This is not a condition which we would term "finely spined," as given for minutis-
sima by Rehn, in which species the limbs are in every way similar. This type of limb
we would unhesitatingly place in the unarmed category.
,ength of
Width of
tegmen
tegmen
5
1.8
5-2
1.8
MORGAN HEBARD I 23
surface unspined. Pulvilli absent. Arolia moderately large, extending to near
apices of tarsal claws, as is true for minutissima.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of
CT body'^8 pronotum"' pronotum
Paraiso, type 4.4 1-2 1.7
Paraiso, paratype 4.8 1.2 1.7
The coloration shows no specific diagnostic features of difference from that of
minutissima. General color mummy brown; mouthi^arts, limbs and underparts
buckthorn brown, except abdomen distad which is mummy brown. Antennae
mummy brown proximad, shading to buckthorn brown distad. Tegmina trans-
lucent, prout's brown. Cerci buckthorn brown tinged with tawny.
In addition to the type, a paratypic male bearing the same data,
but taken ?vlay 3, 191 1, by E. A. Schwarz, is at hand.
BUBOBLATTA150 new genus
The present genus has both sexes showing fully developed and
very broad organs of flight. It is very distinctive, but apparently
nearest Melestora of the described genera; differing in the presence
of ocelli, maxillary palpi with elongate third and fourth joints,
very broad tegmina with decided ridges between all of the veins,
excepting those of the anal field, and distinctive armament of the
limbs.
The genus is monotypic. Genotype: Btihoblatta armata [Latin-
dia armata] (Caudell).
Generic Description. — Size large when compared with the species
of the related genera, form relatively broad, surface well supplied
with stiff microscopic hairs. Head not entirely concealed from
above by pronotum; interocular space somew^hat flattened, the
greatest convexity and projection being between the distinct but
minute ocelli. Third and fourth joints of maxillary palpi elongate,
decidedly longer than the fifth (distal) joint. Antennae nuich
longer than body.
"* The greater length of the type of minutissima, 6.2 mm., is entirely due to the fact
that that specimen is somewhat pressed out.
'" We find no noteworthy difference for minutissima in pronolal proportions, the
pronolum in the type of that species being 1.3 by 1.8 mm., according to our measurement.
1''" From Bubo, the generic name of the Great Horned and Eagle Owls. In allusion
to the mottled owl-like appearance of the species referred to this genus.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
124 "THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Pronotum subdeplanate, except laterad where it is weakly de-
flexed, disk slightly impressed with broad and shallow latero-
caudal sulci appreciable; cephalic margin almost transverse, caudal
margin very weakly convex. Tegmina very broad, with decided
ridges between all of the veins except those of the anal field, dis-
coidal sectors longitudinal; anal sulcus distinct; oblique sulcus
of dextral tegmen decided.
Male subgenital plate weakly asymmetrical. Female subgenital
plate valvular, the valves vertical, with proximal sulcus transverse.
Cephalic femora with ventro-cephalic margin armed with (three)
widely separated, moderately heavy spines, succeeded by a row of
closely placed, microscopic, piliform spines, terminated by three
moderately heavy spines, elongate in strongly increasing ratio
distad. Ventro-caudal margin of cephalic femora armed with a
single distal spine, other ventro-caudal femoral margins unarmed,
but all supplied with well spaced, moderately elongate hairs.
Ventro-cephalic margins of median and caudal femora supplied
with small hairs and armed with (two and one distal) moderately
heavy, elongate spines. Median and caudal femora armed with a
moderately heavy, elongate, dorsal genicular spine. Caudal tarsi
very elongate, nearly as long as caudal tibia. Caudal metatarsus
decidedly longer than combined length of succeeding joints, pilose,
with ventral surface unarmed. Pulvilli absent. Minute arolia
present.
Buboblatta artnata (Caudell) (Plate VI, figures 6 to 8.)
1914. Lalindia armata Caudell, Insec. Inscit. Menst., ii, p. 80. [cf; Gatun, Canal
Zone, Panama.]
Porto Bello, Panama, VIII, 18 to 22, 1916, (Harrower), i cf, i 9.
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., (Jennings; in bromeliad), i cf, type; VII, 25 to 31, 1916,
(Harrower), i cf'.
This insect is easily one of the most distinctive of the American
Corydids hitherto described. It is brusscls brown in general
coloration, delicately mottled with mummy brown, with a fleck
of this darker color mesad on each side at the caudal margin of the
pronotum, one proximad in the anal field at the sutural margin of
the tegmina, and a more conspicuous fleck of this color meso-
proximad in the discoidal field of the tegmina. The antennae,
which are much longer than the body, are mummy brown distad,
ochraceous-buff with an orange tinge in the proximal third, except
MORGAN HEBARD I 25
the first two joints which are blackish chestnut brown. The
minute globose ocelli are yellowish.
The higherto unknown female differs from the male in the follow-
ing features. Size larger, form broader, Head with interocular
space distinctly broader, slightly greater than the proportionately
greater space between the antennal sockets. Pronotum more
ample. Tegmina reaching beyond the abdomen a distance about
equal to one-third their length (in the male reaching beyond the
abdomen a distance equal to half their length). Supra-anal plate
very strongly transverse, length about one-eighth proximal width,
free margin broadly convex laterad, broadly concave mesad.
Subgenital plate valvular, valves vertical, each subrectangulate,
with length slightly over half basal width, dorso-distal and ventro-
distal angles broadly rounded and the free margins all very feebly
convex, basal sulcus transverse, straight, Init surface of plate at
that point strongly convex. ^-^^
As the male genitalia were injured in the type, we would note the
following features. Supra-anal plate very strongly transverse,
length less than one-eighth basal width, free margin strongly
oblique laterad, transverse in median section, the angles thus
formed very broadly obtuse-angulate and rounded. Subgenital
plate appreciably more produced dextrad than sinistrad, supplied
with two simple, straight styles, which are about six times as long
as wide mesad; free margin strongly oblique to sinistral style,
thence less strongly oblique to before base of dextral style, there
rounding broadly into the feebly oblique, straight dextral margin.
Subfamily OXYHALOINAE
Key to the knouni Panamanian species of Chorisoneiim'^'^-
A. Size relatively large (length of tegmen, 10 mm. or more). (Occiput reddish
brown, interocular area whitish with two pairs of dark brown dots. Median por-
tion of male subgenital plate, between bases of styles, with an elongate process,
armed at apex with two slender spiniform teeth, which curve toward each other.)
panamae new species
I''' This rather suggests the type normal for the Blattinae. In that subfamily, how-
ever, we know of no species in which the valves themselves are as highly specialized.
152 This key is furnished merely as an aid in locating Panamanian material. The
multitude of species and numerous difficult, though valuable, characters of specific
diagnostic importance require a much more detailed study.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
126 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
t
AA. Size relatively small (length of tegmen, 8 mm. or less).
B. Occiput and interocular area plain.
C. Form Anaplectoid, tegmina narrow. Color very dark brown, area of costal
veins of tegmina immaculate dark brown. Male subgenital plate produced
sinistrad in a small rounded projection, median portion between bases of styles
with a single very small recurved tooth parishi Rehn
CC. Form normal, Chorisoneuroid, tegmina moderately broad. Color dull
ochraceous-orange; area of costal veins of tegmina dark brown, with clubbed
portion whitish. Male subgenital plate not produced sinistrad, median por-
tion between bases of styles unarmed fuscipennis new species
BB. Striking interocular markings present.
C. Pronotum not conspicuously marked. Tegmina with scapular field of
moderate width. Wings with area of radial veins of same color as other por-
tions.
D. Head with two narrow transverse whitish interocular bands, separated by
a dark brown band of equal width. Male styles tapering distad to acute
apex. Median portion of male subgenital plate, between bases of styles,
with two minute decurved teeth at base of dextral style.
translucida (Saussure)
DD. Head with a single broad dark brown interocular band. Male styles of
approximately equal width to truncate apex, which has a minute median
projection. Median portion of male subgenital plate, between bases of
styles, minutely triangularly produced, unarmed cabimae new species
CC. Pronotum conspicuously marked. Tegmina with scapular field very
broad. Wings with area of radial veins of different color from other portions.
D. Head with two narrow transverse buffy interocular bands, separated by
a pale brown band of same color as occiput and face. Pronotum with narrow
whitish marginal bands cephalad and caudad of equal width, disk immaculate.
Median portion of male subgenital plate, between bases of styles, with an
elongate process armed with (six) slender spiniform teeth.
specilliger new species
DD. Head with a broad transverse cream-colored interocular band dorsad,
separated from a narrow band of the same color by a narrow dark brown band;
occiput brown; face with a large subquadrate blackish brown area. Prono-
tum with marginal bands of unequal width, the cephalic band the wider;
disk with two pale yellowish areas meso-caudad. . .gemmicula new species
Chorisoneura parishi Rehn
1918. Chorisoneura parishi Rehn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 191S, p. 163, pi. i,
figs. 19 to 21. [cf; Igarape-AssLi, Para, Brazil.]
Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama, VI, 1915, (Harrower), i juv. cf.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., V, 2 to VI, 3, 191 1 and 1912, (Busck), i o"', 2 9 ■ i juv. 9.
Tabernilla, C. Z., Pan., V, 1907, (Busck), i 9.
Zone limit, five miles west of Empire, C. Z., Pan., XI, 14, 191 3, (Hebard; from
jungle undergrowth), i 9.
MORGAN HEBARD 127
Old Panama, Pan., I, 31, ion, (Schwarz), i 9.
Corozal, C. Z., Pan., XI, 17, 1913, (Hebard; beaten from flowering weeds on
edge of jungle), i cf, I 9 .
Ancon, C. Z., Pan., (Jennings; from bush), 2 9.
This remarkable species lias recently been thoroughly described
for the male sex by Rehn.^^'' It represents a distinctive and aber-
rant unit of the genus, which we would term the Parishi Group.
The female sex closely resembles the male, differing in having the
tegmina slightly shorter, the interocular space very slightly wider,
very slightly greater than that between the antennal sockets, the
supra-anal plate more distinctly and sharply bilobate distad and
subgenital plate of considerable lateral length, with a decided
medio-longitudinal cleft distad.
All of the specimens here recorded are of a more intensive colora-
tion than the two originally described Brazilian examples, the head
with face blackish chestnut brown, shading to a paler brown on the
occiput. In the two palest examples the head is ochraceous-
tawny, tinged with chestnut brown only above the clypeal suture.
In the immature condition, the pair of lateral, poorly defined dark
pronotal bars are continued on themesonotum and metanotum, and
as a narrow suffusion margining the entire dorsal surface of the
abdomen; the four proximal dorsal abdominal segments, in addi-
tion, each have a few microscopic dots of dark brown along the
caudal margin.
Chorisoneura panamae new species (Plate VI, figures 9 and 10.)
The present species is a member of what we term the Pellucida
'»2 The ventral femoral margins, in our o])inion, are supplied, characteristically, with
a few hairs, rather than "supplied with a few weak, short spines." The male supra-
anal plate is about one-third as long as its basal width, with apex broadly truncate and
subbilobate.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4. .
128 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Group. i'^^ It is closely related to C. pellucida Saussure,i^-^ agreeing
closely in size, form and general coloration, but differs in the follow-
ingrespects: head with occiputdark,interocular-ocellar area whitish,
with a pair of approximate dark brown dots and a smaller pair of
more widely separated dots; pronotum with two short, longitudi-
nally parallel, pale lines; much less transverse male supra-anal plate,
and male subgenital plate with styles and intervening process
distinctive.
Close relationship to C. lata Rehn, recently described from Pari,
Brazil, is also shown. Comparison with the type of that species
shows close agreement in size, form, general coloration and pro-
notal marking, that insect differing, how^ever, in the following
features: head immaculate'^'^'' with two widely separated dark dots
In the interocular-ocellar area; narrower pellucid border of teg-
mina; male subgenital plate with styles less elongate, broader and
more truncate distad, the interval between their bases showing no
mesal production whatever, but only two minutely microscopic
decurved teeth.
In C. tessellata Rehn, from Ceara Mirim, Brazil, in addition to
the distinctive coloration, we would note that the styles are of the
type found in pellucida, but that the minute triangular production
between their bases, though similar in form, is in tessellata sur-
mounted by a single minute, but heavy, decurved tooth.
'^ This group includes a number of relatively large, broad species, all of \\hich show
marked specialization of the area between the stylqs of the male subgenital plate. In
the collections at hand the following species belong to this group; lata Rehn, panamae
here described, pellucida Saussure and tessellata Rehn. The two latter species show
greater specialization of the male styles, these having their apices inwardly produced and
overlapping, while the shafts of the styles arc parallel in normal position and do not
diverge.
Specimens at hand, recorded by Rehn as C. minula Saussure and C. prrhicida (Walker),
represent a closely alUed group, agreeing in general size and form, but having the greatest
male genitalic specialization on the internal margin of the sinistral style, near its base,
and showing no specialization of the median area between the bases of the styles.
'•''^ Saussurc's original description of pellucida, from a Mexican female, is excellently
supplemented by his later treatment of the species, from both sexes, taken near Moyoa-
pan, Mexico (Hist. Nat. Mex., Rech. Zool., vi, p. 92, pi. ii, figs. 49 and 49a, (1870)). His
color figure is excellent, except that the general coloration should apparently ha\e a de-
cidedly more orange tinge. Our comparisons here are supplemented by examination
of a male of pellucida from San Rafael, Vera Cruz, Mexico, in the Hebard Collection.
1*8 The type, however, has the head decidedly discolored. The species may be foimd
to have the interocular-ocellar area pale, as in panamae.
MORGAN HEBARD I 29
Type. — cf ; Porto Bello, Panama. April 17, 1912. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Size large for the genus; form depressed, in outline elongate elliptico-ovoid. Head
broad, decidedly depressed; from the dorsum practically the entire occiput and
cephalic half of the eyes are seen to be exposed, occipital outline truncate, the eyes
almost imperceptibly projecting beyond the interocular area; interocular space
broad, one and one-half times occipital ocular depth, about four-fifths as wide as
space between antennal sockets. Antennae nearly one and one-half times as long
as body. Maxillary palpi with third joint elongate and slender; fourth joint three-
quarters as long as third; fifth joint subequal in length to fourth, moderately
enlarged.
Pronotum transverse ellii^tical, with a rectangulate tendency, due to the wide and
strongly transverse cephalic and caudal margins, cephalic margin showing a trace
of convexity only above head, caudal margin showing a very feeble convexity,
lateral margins broadly convex, rounding evenly into cephalic and caudal margins;
greatest width of pronotum mesad; disk with a shallow medio-longitudinal impres-
sion and a pair of brief oblique sulci laterad, lateral portions weakly declivent ceph-
alad, where the surfaces are very shallowly concave, weakly bossed over the teg-
minal bases. Tegmina elongate, extending briefly beyond cereal apices, greatest
width at proximal third, thence narrowing evenly to near the sharply rounded but
acute apex; marginal field very broad; discoidal vein with (sixteen) branches, be-
tween which are a number of well developed false nervures, discoidal sectors (fifteen,
counting all branches) strongly oblique.'" Wings with a considerable intercalated
triangle, acute-angulate proximad; (fourteen) costal veins (with nine) heavily and
briefly clubbed distad, the more distal with clubbed portion more elongate and
slender; discoidal and median \-eins connected by (ten) distinct cross-veinlets;
ulnar vein branching near extremity and sending another branch to the margin of
the intercalated triangle; axillary vein branching twice; the distal branch bifurcate.
Sixth dorsal abdominal segment with a large but not strongly concave area mesad,
the margins of which are feebly raised latcro-cephalad, convex, the depression
containing a moderate number of agglutinated hairs, closely pressed upon its sur-
face. Supra-anal plate nearly one-third as long as basal width, triangular, with
apex broadly truncate and lateral margins very feebly concave, convergent. Cerci
elongate, depressed, fusiform, very slender distad, tapering to acute apices. Sub-
genital plate with sinistral margin short and straight to base of sinistral style,
dextral margin longer and moderately concave to base of dextral style; styles sit-
uated in poorly defined sockets, very elongate, broad at bases, tapering to apices
which are lamellate and rounded, this strongest externally, each supplied on its
internal face just before the apex with a central patch of microscopic teeth; between
the styles the median portion of the plate is produced in a slender chitinous shaft,
approximately half the length of one of the styles, armed at its apex with two small,
15^ Five of the discoidal sectors spring from the discoidal instead of from the median
v^ein distad; this is an amplification of the condition found in many other forms of
Chorisoneiira.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
130 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
slender, chitinous teeth, which curve toward each other, thus giving this portion
some resemblance to one of the smaller claws of a crab.
Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora armed with a row of minute and
somewhat irregular microscopic chaetiform spines, of which the more proximal are
the longer, terminated by a single elongate distal spine. Other limb characters as
given on page 132 for C. fuscipennis, there described.
Allotype. — 9 ; Porto Bello, Panama. April 21, 1912. (A.
Busck.) [United States National Museum.]
Agrees closely with type. Tegmina nearly as elongate. Interocular space
wider, fully four-fifths as wide as space between antennal sockets. Supra-anal plate
triangularly produced, strongly notched at apex, this rounded emarginate, deeper
than wide, the two sharply rounded portions thus formed with surfaces moderately
convex, lateral margins feebly concave. Subgenital plate ample, narrow distal
portion reflexed, longitudinally cleft mesad.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
cf body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
VortoBeWo, type 10 2.4 3-9 iO-9 3-4
Rio Trinidad, ^ara/>'/)e ... . 10. i 2.4 3.9 10.3 3.2
Rio Trinidad, /?ara/v/?e. .. . 10 2.4 3.9 10.7 3.4
9
Porto Bello, a//o/,vpp 10.7 2.4 3.9 9.9 3-2
Head with vertex tawny to narrowest point between eyes, where this color is in
abrupt contrast with the warm buff interocular-ocellar area. In this intersection are
two conspicuous dots of dark chestnut brown, equally distant from each other and
from the eyes, while just below these in the buffy area are two smaller and much
more widely separated dots of the same color near the margins of the eyes; remain-
ing portions of face warm buff washed with ochraceous-tawny. Pronotum with
hexagonal disk ochraceous-orange tinged with tawny, very narrowly margined with
whitish, with two medio-longitudinal parallel lines of light buff, which in length are
slightly less than one-half that of the disk.'^s lateral portions transparent, very
faintly tinged with buckthorn brown. Remaining portions of dorsal surface ochra-
ceous-buff strongly washed with ochraceous-orange, a conspicuous dot of light
buff mesad on the moderately large, exposed scutellum. Tegmina transparent,
marginal and external two-thirds of scapular field immaculate, faintly tinged with
buff, remaining portions with veins and veinlets transparent, faintly tinged with
buff, the intervening areas tinged with ochraceous-orange."^" Wings transparent,
washed with ochraceous-orange, this decided in area of costal veins and distad in
anterior and radial fields. Ventral surface ochraceous-buff washed with ochraceous-
"^* Minute flecks of light buff, latero-cephalad of and adjacent to these lines are found,
subobsolete or distinctly indicated, in the series at hand.
"*'* This pencilling as in pellucida, stronger than in lata, much less consijicuous than in
tessellata.
MORGAN HEBARD I3I
orange. Limbs light ochraceous-buff, the spines and tarsal claws faintly tinged
with ochraceous-orange.
In addition, two male paratypcs, taken on the Rio Trinidad,
Panama, by A. Busck, March 17 and June 3, 191 2, are before us.
Chorisoneura fuscipennis new species (Plate VI, figure 11.)
The present species is closely related to C. flavipennis Saussure
and Zehntner,!"" with which it agrees in general size, reddish
general coloration and immaculate head. The present species is
distinguished by the color of the tegmina, which are less suffused
and not as tawny; dark wings, with area of clubbed portions of
costal veins buffy; male subgenital plate having the styles more
elongate and slender, and in the female by a slight, but distinctly
less, reduction in the organs of flight.
These two species form a unit in the genus, which we would call
the Flavipennis Group.
As \n flavipennis, examples showing intensive coloration have the
humeral trunk strongly darkened, but, unlike that species, the
pronotum then has the caudal margin very narrowly whitish.
Type. — c? ; Porto Bello, Panama. February 24, 191 1. (A.
Busck.) [United States National Museum.]
Size large for the small species of the genus; form depressed; surface glabrous.
Head with occiput largely exposed cephalad of pronotum; interocular space slightly
less than one and one-half times the occipital ocular depth, distinctly less than width
between antennal sockets. Ocelli obsolete. Ma.xillary palpi with fourth joint
three-fifths length of third, fifth (distal) joint slightly longer than fourth.
Pronotum transverse, subelliptical, greatest width very slightly caudad of mesal
point; caudal margin transverse, very feebly convex, cephalic margin slightly more
convex. Tegmina surpassing abdomen by more than pronotal length, elongate
lanceolate; costal and sutural margins evenly and feebly convergent, straight from
proximal third to distal portion of tegmina, where they are convex convergent to
the moderately acute angulate, sharpK- rounded apex; marginal field narrow, reach-
ing only slightly distad of apex of anal field ; discoidal vein longitudinal, with (twelve
to fifteen) straight costal branches and with (one to two) branches at apex tow^ard
sutural margin; discoidal sectors (five) oblique. Wings with appendicular field
well developed, its length slightly less than width, basal outline forming very slightly
more than a right angle; (eight to nine) costal veins briefl}- and heavily clubbed dis.
tad, discoidal and median veins connected by (seven to nine, and one or two incom.
""* Described from Atoyac, Vera Cruz, Mexico. \Vc have made the above comparisons
from two males and two females from (Guatemala and Costa Rica (three recorded by
Rehn from Turrialba, Costa Rica).
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
132 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
plete) moderately heavy transverse veinlets, lesser veinlets distad connect the
median, ulnar and anal veins, which veins curve distad toward the costal margin;
axillary vein with two branches. Sixth dorsal abdominal segment with a large
circular area mesad which is weakly concave, supplied with agglutinated hairs
closely pressed against its surface.
Supra-anal plate with length about one-third proximal width, trigonal, lateral
margins concave convergent to the moderately broad, rounded apex, which is sup-
plied with a few setae. Cerci elongate fusiform, dorsal surface flattened, well
supplied laterad and ventrad with elongate setae. Subgenital plate very small,
brief lateral portions reflexed with free margins weakly concave, oblique to the two
elongate styles, which are set deeply into sockets, between which the brief median
portion of the plate is oblique, slightly the more produced dextrad; styles similar,
straight, compressed cultriform, margins converging to acute apices, nearly four
times as long as basal width, extending slightly beyond apex of supra-anal plate.
Ventro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora armed with a long row of. minutely
microscopic chaetiform spines, terminated by a single elongate distal, spine, other
ventral femoral margins unarmed except distad, supplied with a few moderately
elongate hairs, both margins of median and caudal femora with a single elongate
distal spine. Caudal metatarsus distinctly longer than combined length of suc-
ceeding joints. Fourth tarsal joint, alone, with ventral surface fully occupied by
a pulvillus. Large arolia present between the asymmetrical tarsal claws.
Allotype. — 9; Taboga Island, Panama. June 9, 191 1. (A.
Busck.) [United States National Museum.]
Agrees closely with male. Tegmina slightly less elongate. Intcrocular space
wider. Subgenital plate ample, with a meso-distal longitudinal cleft.
&
Porto Bello, ty
Cabima, paratype .
9
Taboga Island, a//o/y/)c. .. . 7.8 2 2.9 7.6 2.7
In the type the length of the wing is 8.1 ; of appendicular field, 2. ; width of appen-
dicular field, 2.7 mm.
Head and dorsal surface of abdomen dull ochraceous-orange. Eyes blackish.
Two proximal joints of antennae ochraceous-buff, succeeding joints blackish. '^-
Disk of pronotum dull ochraceous-orange, lateral portions transparent, very faintly
tinged with buckthorn brown, caudal margin very narrowly whitish. Tegmina
transparent, tinged wilh buckthorn brown, the humeral trunk suffused with prout's
brown to nearly as far distad as ajiex of anal field; area of dextral tegmen con-
cealed when at rest, suffused with mummy brown in the type, as pale as the other
"" Cruslifd, normal lcnt;ili i)rol)al)ly about as in paratype.
'^^ All l)iil the [)r()ximal eighteen joints of tlic antennae arc missing.
Measurements {in nii
'llimeters)
Length of Length of
Width of
Length of •
Width of
body pronotum
pronotum
tegmen
tegmen
8.8"! 2
2.9
2.9
7.8
7.8
2.6
? 7-8 1.9
2.6
MORGAN HEBARD 133
portions in the paratypc. Wings transparent, iridescent, tinged with mummy
brown, area of costal veins and distal areas toward appendicular field mummy
brown in type, prout's brown in other specimens, except area of swollen portions
of costal veins which is whitish; appendicular field heavily tinged with mummy
brown in type, prout's brown in other specimens. Ventral surface pale ochra-
ceous-tawny, with abdominal segments narrowh" margined with ochraceous-bufT.
Limbs ochraceous-buff.
The allotype is clearly a recessive example and has the tegmina immaculate.
In addition to the type and allotype, we have before us a para-
typic male, taken at Cabima, Panama, May 21, 191 1, by A. Biisck.
Chorisoneura translucida (Saussure) (Plate \T, figures 12 and 13.)
1S64. Bl[atla] translucida Saussure, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., (2), xvi, p. 311. [[ 9],
Mexico.]
1870. Chorisoneura translucida Saussure. Miss. Sci. Mex., Rech. Zool., vi, p. 91.
[More detailed diagnosis: d", 9 ; Cordillera Oriental, Mexico.]
Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama, V, 10, 1907, (Busck), i &.
Gold Hill, C. Z., Pan., XI, 14, 1913, (Hebard; beaten from vines covering low
bushes), I juv. 9 .
Paraiso, C. Z., Pan., I, 17 to V, 5, 1911, (Busck, Schwarz), 3 a"", 29,1 small juv.
cf, 2 very small ]\\\.
Corozal, C. Z., Pan., XI. 17, 1913, (Hebard; in jungle vegetation), I juv. 9 .
The series of adults differs from the majority in a Mexican series
before us, in having the tegmina more suffused with brown between
the veins, except toward the costal margin. Some variation in this
respect is, however, shown by the Mexican series.
The male sex has relatively short stout styles with interval be-
tween their bases relatively broad, the dextral style having beneath
its base sinistrad a pair of microscopic dccurvcd teeth. The margin
of the subgenital plate appears to be somewhat irregular and sub-
ject to some indi\idual variation.
Our recent remarks on this si)eciesi''^ can not be supplemented
until much larger series are secured.
The large immature examples before us are pale and immaculate
ochraceous-tawny dorsad, except that the abdominal segments are
marked with microscopic and rather distant flecks of ochraceous-
tawny, while at the latero-caudal angles of the fifth segment are
large blotches of mummy brown, the sixth segment being lined at
that point along the caudal margin with the same color.
i«3 Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, xlv, p. 119, (1919)-
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
134 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Chorisoneura cabimae new species (Plate VI, figures 14 and 15.)
Of the species of Chorisoneura before us, the present insect shows
nearest relationship to C. transliicida (Saussure). It differs in the
distinctive interocular marking and male genitalia. The styles
show the greatest truncation of any species of the genus at hand.
The tegmina have the veins and interspaces unicolorous, as in
the majority of Mexican specimens of translucida before us, but
unlike material from the more southern portions of the continent
which we have assigned to that species.
Type. — cf ; Cabima, Panama. May 19, 1911. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Size medium for the small species of the genus; form depressed, surface glabrous.
Head with occiput largely exposed. Interocular space about one and one-fourth
times the occipital ocular depth, about two-thirds the width between the antennal
sockets. Maxillary palpi with fifth joint enlarged and elongate, slightly longer than
third, fourth about three-quarters as long as third joint.
Pronotum transverse, subelliptical; greatest width meso-caudad; cephalic and
caudal margins transverse, feebly convex; latero-cephalic angles distinctly more
broadly rounded than latero-caudal angles. Tegmina surpassing apex of abdomen by
slightly more than pronotal length, strongly elongate lanceolate, narrower than in
C. specilliger and C. gemmicula here described ; costal and sutural margins evenly and
feebly convergent, straight from proximal third to the sharply rounded apex, as in
translucida, distinctly less acute than in specilliger and gemmicula; scapular field as
in translucida, not as broad as in specilliger or gemmicula; discoidal vein longitudinal
with (twelve to fourteen in series, of which two to five distal are subobsolete) costal
branches which are almost straight; discoidal sectors (five to eight) oblique. Wings
and venation very delicate; appendicular field nearly as long as broad, basal outline
forming very slightly more than a right-angle; costal veins (seven to nine)
moderately heavily clubbed distad, the clubs not as heavy as in specilliger or gem-
micula, discoidal and median veins connected by (six to seven in series) \^ery in-
conspicuous transverse veinlets, other transverse veinlets subobsolete. Dorsal
surface of abdomen with sixth segment specialized, showing a relatively large but
shallow, subcircular median depression, the caudal margin of which is somewhat
raised and thickened, the depressed area containing a number of agglutinated hairs,
closely pressed upon its surface and directed longitudinally.
Supra-anal plate triangularly produced, with sides feebly concave to the rather
broadly rounded apex, length one-third basal width. Subgenital plate small,
latero-caudal portions minutely produced and sharply rounded outside cereal bases,
brief lateral portions of free margin thence nearly transverse, subconcave, to the
large styles which are set in sockets; styles heavy, slightly over twice as long as
broad, lamellate, with a weakly oblique row of microscopic teeth on interno-caudal
face near apex, the apex itself broadly rounded, truncate, with a minute and sharply
MORGAN HEBARD 135
rounded projection mesad ; very brief portion of plate between bases of styles
minutely triangular!}- produced, unspecialized, fitting tightly between bases of styles.
Cephalic femora with ventro-cephalic margin supplied with a long row of short,
closely placed, microscopic piliform spines, terminated by a single elongate and
moderately slender spine. Other ventral femoral margins unarmed except distad,
but supplied with a few moderately elongate hairs, both margins of median and
caudal femora with a single elongate, moderately slender distal spine. Median and
caudal femora with an elongate, moderately slender, dorsal genicular spine. Caudal
metatarsus very much longer than combined length of succeeding joints, supplied
ventrad with a double row of widely spaced, microscojiic chactiform spines; fourth
tarsal joint alone' with ventral surface fully occupied by a puhillus. Large arolia
present between the asymmetrical tarsal claws.
Meas^irements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
(j body pronotum pronotum tegmen tegmen
Cahimatype 7-8 1.8 2.6 7.6 2.1
Cabima, paratype 8.2 1.8 2.5 7.3 2
Porto Bello, paratype 7.5 1.8 2.6 7.1 2
In the type the wing is 7.1 by 4.5; the appendicular field, 1.9 by 2 mm.
Head with vertex pale ochraceous-tawny, to a broad, blackish chestnut brown
band between the eyes, face entirely buffy. Underparts and limbs ochraceous-
bufif, ventral surface of abdomen light buff. Pronotum with disk pale ochraceous-
tawny, remaining portions transparent, very weakly tinged with buckthorn brown.
Tegmina, including veins, transparent, weakly tinged with buckthorn brown, ex-
cept narrowly along costal margin, where they are very weakh' tinged with the same
color. Wings transparent, with an exceedingly faint yellowish-brown tinge; in
area of costal veins and distad in anterior and radial fields faintly tinged with ochra-
ceous-buff. Dorsal surface of abdomen light buff, cerci light ochraceous-buff.
In the specimen from Porto Bello, intensification in coloration is shown. The. face
and abdomen is buckthorn brown, the disk of pronotum and \ertex light cinnamon
brown. 1"
In addition to the type, the following paratypes are at hand.
Porto Bello, Panama, II, 24, 191 1, (Busck), i cf .
Cabima, Pan., V, 26, 191 1, (Busck), I cf.
Chorisoneura specilliger'" new species (Plate VI, figures 16 to 19.)
The present insect has the vertex showing two white hands, very
similar to those foiuid in C. translucida (Saussure), hut the ad-
jacent and intervening areas are all pale brown; the tegmina are
broader, show distinctive features of venation and taper more
evenly and decidedly distad from their point of greatest width.
1"^ Possibly due to discoloration.
i*» The probe bearer.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
136 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
The general coloration is richer and the male genitalia are distinc-
tive, particularly in the type of specialization of the median portion
of the subgenital plate.
In tegminal form and type of coloration closer similarity is
shown to C. gemmicula, here described, under which species compari-
son is made, and to C. albonervosa Rehn. the much richer and more
striking coloration, much fewer tegminal veins and differently
specialized male subgenital plate readilydistinguishing that species.
Type. — & ; Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama. July 28 to August 5,
1916. (D. E. Harrower.) [Hebard Collection, Type no, 497.]
In the features not mentioned here the present species agrees fully with C. cahimae,
described on page 134. Size medium for the small species of the genus. Interocular
space about one and one-third times the occipital ocular depth, two-thirds the
width between the antennal sockets. Maxillary palpi with third joint slightly longer
than fifth, the latter decidedly enlarged, fourth joint slightly shorter than fifth.
Pronotum transverse, nearly elliptical, greatest width almost mesad ;'''*' cephalic
and caudal margins transverse, very feebly convex, cephalic angles more broadly
rounded than caudal angles.
Tegmina surpassing abdomen by more than pronotal length, decidedly elongate
lanceolate, costal and sutural margins evenly and feebly convergent, straight from
proximal third to distal portion of tegmen, where they are convex convergent, the
sutural margin over a greater distance, to the decidedly acute-angulate, very sharply
rounded apex; scapular field broad, much broader than in transliicida; discoidal vein
longitudinal, with (thirteen to seventeen in series) costal branches, the more proxi-
mal of which (about seven) are distinctly arcuate, with or without a branch at
apex toward sutural margin, discoidal and median veins much closer together
than in translucida; discoidal sectors (eight to ten in series) oblique.
Wings of the general type found in the Pellucida Group, not as in the Translucida
Group; with intercalated triangle rather than appendicular field relatively moderately
well developed, its length approximately equal to its width, basal outline forming an
angle distinctly less than a right-angle; (nine to twelve in series) costal veins briefly
and heavily clubbed distad, discoidal and median veins connected by (seven)
inconspicious transverse veinlets, other distal transverse veinlets between median,
ulnar and anal veins extremely weak. Median depression of sixth dorsal abdominal
segment shallow.
Supra-anal plate strongly transverse, length slightly over one-fifth proximal width,
caudal margin broadly convex, showing weak indication of bilobation. Subgenital
plate very small, brief lateral margins concave to the large styles which are deeply in-
set in sockets, the dextral the more so; styles elongate, length about three times basal
width, trilamellate, tapering from large and briefly swollen base (this the more ample
for the dextral style) to acute apex, which extends beyond the distal margin of the
"""' In translucida and C. panamae here descrilxHl, with greatest width mcso-caudad
and latero-cephalic anj^lcs much more broadly rounded tlian latero-iaudal angles.
MORGAN HEBARD ' 137
supra-anal plate; very brief margin between styles rather sharply concave, from
which springs, beneath the sinistral portion of the base of the dextral style,
a slender chitinous shaft, slightly less than half as long as the style, bearing five
slender elongate teeth, four along dextral margin directed disto-dextrad and one
at apex directed distad.
Allotype. — 9 ; Paraiso, Canal Zone, Panama. March 26, 191 1.
(A. Busck.) [I'nitetl States National Altiseum.]
Agrees rather closely with male. Form slightly broader, tegmina distinctly
shorter, only slightly surpassing cereal apices.'" Interocular space broader, fully
one and one-third times occipital ocular depth, three-quarters the width between
the antennal sockets. Dorsal surface of abdomen not specialized. Supra-anal
and subgenital plates as described for the female of gemmicula.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
CT body pronotum pronotuni tegmen tegraen
Gatim, type 7.7 1.9 2.8 7.9 2.6
Gditun, par atype 7.4 1.9 2.8 7.8 2.6
VoTto ^eWo, paratype 6.8 1.8 2.7 7.8 2.3
Rio Trinidad, /)rtraA'/>c. .. . 7.7 1.8 2.8 8 2.4
Juan Mina, /?«ra/v/>e 6.8 1.8 2.7 7.2 2.4
9
Paraiso, a//o/v/)e 6.7 1.8 2.7 7.1 2.4
Head dull ochraceous-orange, with two narrow bands of ochraceous-buff be-
tween the eyes, of equal width, separated by a slightly narrower interval of the
general coloration, the lower band continued narrowly for a brief distance along the
ventral margin of the eyes, as in translucida. Proximal antennal joint of general
coloration washed with darker brown, succeeding joints in proximal third of anten-
nae mummy brown, shading gradually to remaining portions which are ochraceous-
buff. Pronotum with disk tawny, pronotum very narrowly margined for a brief
distance meso-cephalad and along the entire caudal margin with whitish, '"^ lateral
portions transparent, very faintly tinged with buckthorn brown. Tegmina with
marginal field and half of costal field toward costal margin transparent, very faintly
tinged with buckthorn brown, remaining portions rather strongly tinged with buck-
thorn brown, the numerous veins very faintly tinged with that color, except the
humeral trunk which is suffused with prout's brown. Wings transparent; radiate
field to axillary vein tinged with munun\- brown, remaining portions tinged with
ochraceous-buff, approaching ochraceous-tawny in area of branches of axillary
'"'The small series shows that some variation in size and considerable variation in
tegmina] length occurs in the present species. In view of the fad that the two females
of the closely related gemmicula show less tegminal reduction, we would expect to find
females of the present species with tegmina of greater length, as well as the condition
shown by the single female at hand.
1^'* Thus showing nearest agreement with alhonervosa in pronutal coloration.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
138 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
vein, and in area of costal veins opaque, first ochraceous-tawny, then mummy brown,
then in area of clubbed portions of veins buffy.'ss Dorsal surface of abdomen dull
ochraceous-orange, cerci slightly paler. Ventral surface ochraceous-tawny, shading
to ochraceous-bufT on abdomen. Limbs ochraceous-buff tinged with orange.
The allotype and a paratypic male from Gatun show the maximum recessive
coloration of the series; the head and disk of pronotum are ochraceous-tawny, the
tegmina likewise paler. The distinctive occipital markings and character of teg-
minal coloration occur virtuall)- unaltered. The brown of the radial field of the
wings, however, does not contrast nearly as conspicuously with the more reddish
remaining portions, nor is the clubbed area of the costal veins as conspicuously
buffy.
In addition to the type and allotype, the following paratypic
series is at hand.
Porto Bello, Panama, II, 19, 1911, (Schwarz), i cf .
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., VII, 17 to 2t„ 1916, (Harrower), i c?.
Rio Trinidad, Pan., V, i, 191 1, (Busck), i cf.
Juan Mina Plantation, C. Z.. Pan., VII, 13, 191 8, (Dietz and Zetek; sweeping
grass), icf, [U. S. N. M.].
Chorisoneura gemmicula new species (Plate VI, figures 20 to 22.)
The present insect is closely related to C. specilliger, described
in the preceding pages. In addition to marked differences in the
male genitalia, the present species differs in the much more dis-
tinctive cephalic and pronotal markings. In other features of
coloration, however, these two species agree to an exceptional
degree.
Type. — c?;Cabima, Panama. May 20, 1911. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Size, interocular width, maxillary palpi, pronotum, tegmina (discoidal vein with
fourteen to sixteen costal branches, with two or three braftches at apex toward
sutural margin; discoidal sectors eleven to twelve in series), wings (twelve costal
veins, discoidal and median veins connected by eight inconspicuous transverse
veinlets), supra-anal plate and character of limbs as in specilliger.
Subgenital plate rather small; lateral margins form small plates beneath cereal
bases, thence these margins are brief to the styles, which are not as deeply inset in
sockets as in specilliger; sinistral margin moderately convex from small subcercal
production, the area contained by this convexity somewhat swollen ; dextral margin
oblique from base of small subcercal production; styles elongate, trilamellate,
tapering from large base to distal three-fourths, where a shoulder occurs, the
cephalic external portion thence produced, slender, to the sharply acute apex;
'"» This (listinclive type of tegminal and wing coloration is dui)licate(l in full in gem-
micula. It does not occur in any other species of Chorisoneura known to us.
MORGAN HEBARD 139
dextral style similar, but with externo-caudal i)roximal portion enlarged, forming a
considerable lobe, which is seen to be concave on its cephalic face; margin between
the styles brief, dextrad produced beneath the sinistral portion of the base of the
dextral style, in a small, subquadrate plate, which bears on its distal margin two
microscopic, decurved teeth.
Allotype. — 9 ; Alhajuela, Panama. April 17, 191 1. (A. Busck.)
[United States National Museum.]
Agrees closely with male. Form slightly broader, tegmina slightly shorter.
Interocular space wider, one and three-quarters times as broad as the occipital
ocular depth, about four-fifths as wide as space between antennal sockets. Dorsal
surface of abdomen unspecialized. Supra-anal plate triangularly produced, apex
moderately broadly cleft a distance twice the median width of this cleft,'"" lateral
portions thus formed sharply rounded, each about three times as wide as the cleft
at its median portion, surfaces convex. Subgenital plate scoop-shaped, with mar-
ginal convexity greatest latero-caudad, distal portion sharply reflexed, broad mesad
w^ith a medio-Iongitudinal cleft, this reflexed portion narrowing rather strongly
to opposite cereal bases where it disappears.
Measurements {in millimeters)
Length of Length of Width of Length of Width of
CT body pronotum pronotum tegmen legmen
Cabima, type 8 1.8 2.8 8 2.7
Rio Trinidad, ^ara/>'/>e 7.4 1.8 2.8 8 2.6
9
Alhajuela, a//o/v/>f 7.1 2 2.8 7.8 2.6
Porto Bello 7.2 1.9 2.8 7.6 2.5
In the type the wing is 7.9 by 4.9; the intercalated triangle, 1.95 by 1.93 mm.
Head with vertex dull ochraceous-orange. a rather broad cream colored band
between the eyes, below this with a very narrow band of blackish brown, below this
a band of cream color of double the width of the dorsal band of this color, which
laterad runs along the eyes to the ocellar areas, which are light ochraceous-buff;
below this band the face is blackish brown in a large subquadrate area, the remain-
ing portions light ochraceous-l)uff. X'entral surface ochraccous-tawny, shading to
ochraceous-buff on abdomen. Limbs ochraceous-buff tinged with ochraceous-
tawny. Pronotum with disk dull ochraceous-orange. with two large spots of light
ochraceous-buff meso-caudad, the margins of which are poorh- defined; pronotum
rather broadly margined for a brief distance meso-cephalad and along the entire
'"" As the length of the supra-anal i)late shows differences of specific diagnostic value
in males of Chorisoneura, we believe that the degree of production of the female sub-
genital plate may prove to have some value as well. Slight differences in the character
of the apical cleft, however, such as shown between C. panamae, here described, and the
present species may be due to individual variation. We have already ascertained that,
in Ischnoptera, the form of the apex of the female supra-anal plate is subject to decided
variation in some of the species. In the present genus females hold the extruded ootheca
firmly with margins fitting into the distal clefts of the supra-anal and subgenital plates.
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
140 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
caudal margin with whitish, as in C. albonervosa Rehn,i^i lateral portions transparent,
very faintly tinged with buckthorn brown. Tegmina and wings colored as in
specilliger. Dorsal surface of abdomen dull ochraceous-orange.
In addition to the type and allotype, a female is at hand, taken
at Porto Bello, Panama, March 13, 1911, by A. Busck, and a
paratypic male, taken on the Rio Trinidad, Panama, May 5, 191 1,
by A. Busck.
Subfamily PERISPHAERINAE
LIT0PELTISi^2 new genus
The present genus belongs to the second section of the Perisphae-.
rinac, containing Stenopilema Saussure and its allies. To this
section also belong the American genera Colapteroblatta, Poroblatta
and Acroporoblatta, recently described from Colombia by the
author,!^^ and Miohlatta Saussure, described from Brazil. i'^^ The
present genus would superficially appear to be more closely related
to Miohlatta than to the others, and represents a unit having a
distinctly Panchlorine facies. Closer examination shows, how-
ever, that nearest relationship with Colapteroblatta exists, this
indicated by the general similarity of tegminal and wing form and
venation and limb armament.
From the original description of the male sex of Mioblatta, we
find that males of Litopeltis differ in their larger size, somewhat
broader form, lack of pubesence, smooth vertex without carinae,
polished and not thickly microscopically impresso-punctate pro-
notum with cephalic margin showing feeble truncation, wings
with proportionately narrower marginal field, ulnar vein with
numerous incomplete branches and armed femora.
Compared with the male type of Colapteroblatta conipsa Hebard,
this sex of Litopeltis is found to differ in the decidedly smaller size,
ocelli which are represented by poorly defined large ocellar spots,
more convex pronotum with lateral wings strongly declivent and
caudal margin more angulate and caudal metatarsus which is as
long as the combined length of the succeeding tarsal joints. The
females of these species differ similarly in size and in caudal meta-
"' A further development of the type found in specilliger.
"2 From XiT-ij and 7reXT77 = smooth shield.
1" Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., xlv, pp. 120 to 127, pi. .xix, figs, i to 6, (1919).
''* Rev. Suisse de Zool., iii, p. 56, pi. i, figs. 15 to 15c, (1895).
MORGAN HEBARD I4I
tarsal proportions, to a much less degree in form of pronotum, due
to the more hooded type developed in this sex of Coldpteroblatta,
while in Litopeltis the tegmina are suhquadrate.
Genotype: Litopeltis bispinosa [Calolampra bispi)iosa] (Saus-
sure).
Generic Description. — Size rather small for the group; form dis-
similar in the sexes, male elongate, rather broad with dorsal surface
of abdomen showing scarcely any convexit}', female less elongate,
broad, with dorsal surface of abdomen evenly convex. Surface of
head and pronotum polished, microscopically and not thickly
impresso-punctate. Interocular space of male broad, of female
broader, in neither sex equal to width between antennal sockets.
Ocelli represented by large, poorly defined spots in male; sim-
ilar but smaller in female.
Pronotum with disk moderately convex, lateral wings strongly
dcclivent, unspecialized; cephalic margin of pronotum showing
weak truncation and caudal margin weakly obtuse-angulatc
produced with apex broadly rounded. Tegmina of male elongate,
extending well beyond apex of abdomen; of female hea\ily
chitinous, subquadrate, with sutural margins overlapping. Wings
of male fully developed, of female small oval atrophied pads.
Supra-anal plate of male very delicate, showing only a trace of
bilobation; of female hea\ily chitinous with distal margin convex.
Limbs moderately heavy in male, very slightly more so in
female. \>ntro-cephalic margin of cephalic femora supplied with
a fringe of chaetiform hairs, terminating distad in a single heavy,
much reduced spine; \entro-caudal margin armed distad with
(one^^* and one distal) heavy spines. Ventro-cephalic margin of
median and caudal femora armed with (one or two and one distal)
heavy, reduced spines. \'entro-caudal margin of median femora
armed with (three or four, usually four, and one distal) heavy
spines, of caudal femora with (three or four, usually three, and no
distal) heavy spines. I'our proximal tarsal joints with \entral
surfaces unarmed, occupied by large pulvilli which are bluntly
angulate produced distad, that of metatarsus linear in proximal
portion. Moderate arolia present between the delicate tarsal
claws.
'"^ Yen- rarely this spine is absent.
MEM. ENT. ENT. SOC, 4.
142 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Litopeltis bispinosa (Saussure) (Plate VI, figure 23.)
1893. [Calolampra] bispinosa Saussure, Societas Entomologicae, viii, p. 58. [cT,
Nova Granada^"" (Colombia).]
1893. Calolampra bispinosa Saussure and Zehntner, Biol. Cent. -Am., Orth., i, p.
67, pi. iii, fig. 26. [cf [nee 9], Panama.]
1914. Audreia marginata Caudell, Insec. Inscit. Menst., ii, p. 77. [ 9 ; Porto Bello,
Panama.]
Porto Bello, Panama, (Jennings; in bromeliads), I 9, type of Audreia marginata
Caudell; II, 23 and 28, 191 1, (Busck, Schwarz) I o^, i juv. c?'.
Gatun, Canal Zone, Pan., VII, 25 to VIII, 22, 1916, (Harrower; from rotting
banana stalks, at bases of leaves), 4 cf , 8 9 , 2 large juv. cf , 4 large juv. 9 , 29 juv. cf,
27 juv. 9 , 4 very small juv. cf , I very small juv. 9 .
Alhajuela, Pan., IV, 4 and 6, 191 1, (Busck), i juv. cf, l very small juv. 9.
Frijoles, Canal Zone, Pan., (Schwarz), i juv. cf .
Buena Ventura, Pan., Ill, 10, 191 1, (Busck), i juv. 9.
Boquete, Pan., Ill, 1914, (Zetek), i &, [U. S. N. M.].
Corozal, C. Z., Pan., XI, 17, 1913, (Hebard; tunnelling in dead banana stalk),
3 large juv. 9 •
The type of Audreia marginata Caudell, now before us, when
compared with the series at hand, shows beyond question the
synonymy indicated above. A slight superficial resemblance is
shown by females of this species to females of Audreia carinulata
Saussure. Close observation, however, shows that these species
are members of different subfamilies.
The slight triangular invasion of the dark coloration of the pro-
notal disk meso-cephalad, into the pale lateral wings, is a feature
shown also by Colapteroblatta compsa Hebard and Poroblatta cylind-
rica Hebard.
'7" Probably including Panama, at that time part of Colombia. This is, in all likeli-
hood, the same specimen subsequently considered by Saussure and Zehntner, recorded by
them from Panama.
morgan hebard 143
Explanation of Plates
Plate I
Map of the Canal Zone and vicinity, with locaHties indicated at which mate-
rial studied in the present paper was taken.
Plate II
-Lissoblatta fulgida (Saussure). Panama, Panama. Male. Dorsal
view of tegmen. (X6)
-Lissoblatta fulgida (Saussure). Porto Bello, Panama. Male. Distal
outline of tarsal claws and arolium. (Greatly enlarged.) For
difference between this genus and Anaplecta, compare figure 6.
-Anaplecta lateralis Burmeister. Rio Trinidad, Panama. Male. Ven-
tral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
-Anaplecta lateralis Burmeister. Cabima, Panama. Female. \'entral
view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.) Showing valvular type
characteristic of this genus.
-Anaplecta asema new species. Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Allotype. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
-Anaplecta sordida new species. Porto Bello, Panama. Female. Type.
Distal outline of tarsal claws and arolium. (Greatly enlarged.) Type
characteristic of this genus.
-Anaplecta gemma new species. Porto Bello, Panama. Female. Type.
Dorsal view of tegmen. (X6)
-Anaplecta hemiscotia new species. Old Panama, Panama. Male.
Paratype. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
From this angle the distal portion of the sinistral style is viewed
obliquely.
Fig. 9. — Anaplecta cabimae new species. Cabima, Panama. Male. Type.
Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 10. — Euthlastoblatta compsa new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Dorsal view of pronotum. (X7)
Fig. II. — Euthlastoblatta compsa new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Ventral \iew of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 12. — Dendroblatta sobrina Rehn. Rio Trinidad, Panama. Male. Dorsal
view of pronotum. (X5.2). For difTerence between adult and imma-
ture color patterns, compare figure 13.
Pig, iT^,~Dendroblatta sobrina Rehn. Rio Trinidad, Panama. Immature female.
Dorsal view. ( X 5)
Fig. 14. — Aglaopteryx lita new species. Cabima, Panama. Female. Type.
Dorsal view of pronotum. (X6.6)
Fig. 15. — Aglaopteryx lita new species. Cabima, Panama. Female. Type. Dor-
sal view of tegmen. (X5.2)
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
Fig.
I.-
Fig.
2.-
Fig.
3--
Fig.
,4--
Fig.
5--
Fig.
6.-
Fig.
7--
Fig.
8.
144 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Fig. i6. — Eudromiella hicolorata new species. Taboga Island, Panama. Male.
Paratype. Dorsal view of pronotiim. (X6.5)
Fig. 17. — Eudromiella hicolorata new species. Taboga Island, Panama. Male.
Paratype. Dorsal view of tegmen. (X3.5)
Fig. 18. — Eudromiella hicolorata new species. Taboga Island, Panama. Male.
Paratype. Lateral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.) From
this angle, the lateral view of the dextral style is obtained in this
drawing.
Fig. 19. — Eudromiella hicolorata new species. Taboga Island, Panama. Male.
Paratype. Distal view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.) From
this angle, the lateral view of the sinistral style, but the distal view of
the dextral style, is obtained in this drawing.
Fig. 20. — Eudromiella hicolorata new species. Taboga Island, Panama. Male.
Paratype. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.) From
this angle, the dextral style can not be seen.
Fig. 21. — Latiblattellainornata new species. -Rio Bejuco, Panama. Male. Type.
Distal outline of tarsal claws and arolium. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 22. — Latihlattella angiistijrons new species. Porto Bello, Panama. Male.
Type. Distal outline of tarsal claws and arolium. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 23. — Latihlattella angtistifrons new species. Porto Bello, Panama. Male.
Type. Dorsal view of styles and median process, apex of subgenital
plate. (Greatly enlarged.) It is necessary to detach the subgenital
plate in order to obtain this view.
Plate III
Fig. I. — Macrophyllodromia splendida new species. Porto Bello, Panama.
Male. Type. Dorsal view of pronotum. (X5.2)
Fig. 2. — Macrophyllodromia splendida new species. Porto Bello, Panama.
Male. Type. Dorsal view of tegmen. (X2.5)
Fig. 3. — Macrophyllodromia splendida new species. Porto Bello, Panama. Male.
Type. Dorsal view of wing. (X2.5)
Fig. 4. — Macrophyllodromia splendida new species. Porto Bello, Panama.
Male. Type. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 5. — Chromatonotus heterus new species. Chorrera, Panama. Female.
Type. Dorsal view of pronotum. (X8.7)
Fig. 6. — Chromatonotus lamprus new species. Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Dorsal view of pronotum. (X9.1)
Fig. 7. — Chromatonotus lamprus new species. Tabernilla. Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 8. — Rhytidometopum megalopterum new species. Tabernilla, Canal Zone,
Panama. Male. Paratype. Dorsal view of wing. (X3)
Fig. 9. — Rhytidometopum megalopterum new species. Rio Trinidad, Panama.
Male. Type. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 10. — Neohlattella acanthastylata new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
MORGAN HEBARD I45
Fig. II. — Neoblattella acanthastylata new species. Gatiin, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Distal view of distal portion of subgenital plate, show-
ing styles. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 12. — Neoblattella panamae new species. Rio Trinidad, Panama. Male.
Type. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 13. — Neoblattella imparnew species. Alhajuela, Panama. Male. Paratype.
Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 14. — Neoblattella chagrensis new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Lateral view of distal portion of concealed sinistral
process. (Greatly enlarged.) The basal line is the declivent sinistral
margin of the subgenital plate.
Fig. 15. — Neoblattella nahiia (Saussure). Porto Bello, Panama. Male. Dor-
sal view of distal portion of abdomen and cerci, showing specializa-
tion of fifth dorsal segment. (X5)
Fig. 16. — Neoblattella fraterna (Saussure and Zehntner). Gatun, Canal Zone,
Panama. Immature female. Dorsal view, showing distinctive color
pattern in the immature stages. (X5.5)
Plate IV
Fig. I. — Lophometopum lepturii new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Cephalic view of head. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 2. — Lophometopum leptum new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Dorsal view of wing. (X3.3)
Fig. 3. — Lophometopum leptum new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Distal outline of tarsal claws and arolium. (Greatly
enlarged.)
Fig. 4. — Lophometopum leptum new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 5. — Lophometopum leptum new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. I^ateral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 6. — Lophometopum leptum new species. Upper Rio Pequeni, Panama.
Immature male. Dorsal view, showing distinctive color pattern in
the immature stages. (X5.5)
Fig. 7. — Ischnoplera nox new species. Porto Bello, Panama. Male. Type.
Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 8. — Ischnoptera rufa rufa (DeGeer). Montego Bay, Jamaica. Male.
Lateral view of specialized distal portion of titillator. (Greatly en-
larged.) Specialization of this organ greater in rufa occidentalis, for
which compare figure 9.
Fig. 9. — Ischnoptera rufa occidentalis Saussure. Pozo Azul de Pirris, Costa
Rica. Male. Lateral view of specialized distal portion of titillator.
(Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 10. — Ischnoptera rufa occidentalis Saussure. Vera Cruz, Vera Cruz, Me.xico.
Male. Lateral view of sinistro-dorsal concealed genitalic shaft.
(Greatly enlarged.)
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
-Ischnoptera gatunae new species. Rio Trinidad, Panama. Male. Type.
Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
-Ischnoptera inca Saussure and Zehntner. Cabima, Panama. Male.
Ventral \-iew of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
-Ischnoptera mirella new species. Porto Bello, Panama. Male. Type.
Ventral view of subgenital plate, showing portion of specialized supra-
anal plate visible from below. (Much enlarged.)
-Ischnoptera panamae new species. Rio Trinidad, Panama. Male.
Paratype. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
-Ischnoptera panamae new species. Paraiso, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Paratyp». Specialized dextral portion of paired plate beneath
supra-anal plate. (Greatly enlarged.)
-Xestoblatta immacidata new species. Alhajuela, Panama. Female.
Type. Dorsal outline of pronotum. (X3.3)
-Euphyllodromia angustata (Latreille). Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Immature female. Dorsal view, showing distinctive color pattern in
the immature stages. (X7.5)
-Euphyllodromia decastigmata new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Dorsal view of pronotum. (X6)
-Eiiphyllodronna decastigmata new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
-Euphyllodromia decastigmata new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Immature female. Dorsal view, showing distinctive color pattern
in the immature stages. (X7.5)
Plate V
Fig. I. — Pseudomops gloriosa new species. Cabima, Panama. Female. Type.
Dorsal view of pronotum. (X5.2)
Fig. 2. — Pseudomops gloriosa new species. Cabima, Panama. Female. Type.
Dorsal view of tegmen. (X2.6)
Fig. 3. — Pseudomops gloriosa new species. Cabima, Panama. Female. Type.
Dorsal view of wing. (X2.6)
Fig. 4. — Nyctihora noctivaga Rehn. Jamaica. Male. Dorsal view of supra-
anal plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 5. — Paratropes pinoganae new species. Pinogana, Darien, Panama. Fe-
male. Type. Dorsal view. (X2.9)
Fig. 6. — Audreia gatunae new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama. Female.
Type. Dorsal view. (X2)
Fig. 7. — Epilampra maya Rehn. Porto Bello, Panama. Female. Dorsal view
of tegmen. (X2)
Fig. 8. — Ilyporhicnoda reflexa (Saussure and Zehntner). l^jurras de Terraba,
head of Rio Ceibo, Costa Rica. Male. Dorsal view. (X2)
Fig. 9. — Hyporhicnoda reflexa (Saussure and Zehntner). Gatun, Canal Zone,
Panama. Female. Dorsal view (X2)
146
Fig.
11.
Fig.
12.
Fig.
13-
Fig.
14.
Fig.
15-
Fig.
16.
Fig.
17-
Fig.
18.
Fig.
19.
Fig.
20.
MORGAN HEBARD 147
Fig. 10. — Lamproblatla aJbipalpus Hebard. Cincinnati, Magdalena, Colombia.
Male. Type. Dorsal outline. (X2)
Fig. II. — Lamproblatla albipalpus Hebard. Cincinnati, Magdalena, Colombia.
Male. Type. Lateral outline of caudal tarsal joints. (X7.75)
Fig. 12. — Lamproblatla albipalpus Hebard. Cincinnati, Magdalena, Colombia.
Female. Allotype. Lateral outline of caudal tarsal joints. (X7.73)
Compare with figure 1 1 for sexual differentiation, which is of specific,
but not of generic value.
Fig. 13. — Eurycotis pliito new species. Porto Bello, Panama. Female. Type.
Dorsal outline. (Natural size.)
Fig. 14. — Pycnosceloides aporus Hebard. Motzorongo, Vera Cruz, Mexico. Fe-
male. Type. Dorsal view. (X2.5)
Fig. 15. — Panchlora minor Saussure and Zehntner. Tabernilla, Canal Zone,
Panama. Male. Ventral outline of apex of male abdomen. (Much
enlarged.)
Fig. 16. — Blattella germanica (Linnaeus). Miami, Florida. Male. Dorsal view
of abdomen. (X3)
Plate VI
Fig. I. — Phortioeca phoraspoides (Walker). Cabima, Panama. Immature fe-
male. Dorsal view, showing distinctive color pattern in the immature
stages. (X2.2)
Fig. 2. — Capucinella delicalula new species. Porto Bello, Panama. IVIale.
Allotype. Dorsal view. (X2)
Fig. 3. — Capucinella delicalula new species. San Lorenzo, Santa Marta, Colom-
bia. Female. Type. Dorsal view\ (X2)
Fig. 4. — Ilolocompsa panamae new species. Paraiso, Canal Zone, Panama.
Female. Type. Dorsal view of pronotum. (X14)
Fig. =).—Melestora micra new species. Paraiso, Canal Zone, Panama. Male.
Type. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Greatly enlarged.)
Fig. 6. — Buboblatta armata (Caudell). Porto Bello, Panama. Female. Dorsal
view. (X3)
Fig. 7. — Buboblatta armata (Caudell). Porto Bello, Panama. Female. Lateral
view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 8. — Buboblatta armata (Caudell). Porto Bello, Panama. Female. Ven-
tral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 9. — Chorisoneura panamae new species. Rio Trinidad, Pananii.. Male.
Paratype. Cephalic view of occiput, showing characteristic markings.
(Much enlarged.)
Fig. 10. — Chorisoneura panamae new species. Rio Trinidad, Panama. Male.
Paratype. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. II. — Chorisoneura fuscipennis new species. Porto Bello, Panama. Male.
Type. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
148 THE BLATTIDAE OF PANAMA
Fig. 12. — Chorisoneura tnnislucida (Saussure). Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama
Male. Dorsal outline of tegmen, showing venation characteristic of
this species and allies. (X4.5)
Fig. 13. — Chorisoneura translucida (Saussure). Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 14. — Chorisoneura cahimae new species. Cabima, Panama. Male. Type.
Cephalic view of occiput, showing characteristic markings. (Much
enlarged.)
Fig. 15. — Chorisoneura cahimae new species. Porto Bello, Panama. Male.
Paratype. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 16. — Chorisoneura specilUger new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Dorsal view of pronotum. (Xil)
Fig. 17. — Chorisoneura specilliger new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Dorsal outline of tegmen, showing venation character-
istic of this species and allies. (X4.5)
Fig. 18. — Chorisoneura specilliger new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Cephalic view of occiput, showing characteristic mark-
ings. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 19. — Chorisoneura specilliger new species. Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama.
Male. Type. Ventral view of subgenital plate. (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 20. — Chorisoneura gemmicula new species. Cabima, Panama. Male. Type.
Dorsal view of pronotum. ( X 10)
Fig. 21. — Chorisoneura gemmicula new species. Cabima, Panama. Male. Type.
Cephalic view of occiput, showing characteristic markings. (Much
enlarged.)
Fig. 22. — Chorisoneura gemmicula new species. Cabima, Panama. Male. Type.
Ventral view of subgenital plate (Much enlarged.)
Fig. 23. — LitopeUisbispinosa (Saussure). Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama. Female.
Dorsal view. (X2.2)
Mem. Am. Ext. Soc, Xo. 4.
Plate I
Porto 5ello
o^v^bogillaIs^
TabogaIsav^)
H1:P>AR1) PANAMA 15LA iri 1 )A1-:
Mr:M. Am. Ext. Soc, No. 4.
Pl.\te II
HEBARI) PANAMA BLA'I IID Al".
Mem. Am. Ext. Soc, No. 4.
Platk III
HEBARl) PANAMA IM.ATIIDAH
Mem. Am. Ext. Soc, No. 4.
Plate IV
HEBARD PANAMA I'.l .A r 11 DM-:
AIkm. Am. Ext. Soc ., .Xo. 4.
I'l..\TK V
HHP,.\RI) l\\.\.\M A i;i.\ iriDAi-:
Mem. Am. Ext. Soc ., Xo. 4.
Plate VI .
HEBARD— PANAMA BLATTIDAE
INDEX
The names of new genera and of new species are followed by the name of the author.
Abortiva (Euthlastoblatta)
28, 29, 46, 49
acanthastylata (Xeoblattella) Hebard
7, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62. 63
Achroblatta (see luteola)
acolhua (Blatta) 10
acolhua (Panchlora) 108
Acroporoblatta . 140
adspersipennis (Melestora) 121
adspersicollis (Neoblattella) 42, 64
Aglaopteryx 26, 34
(see also diaphana, gemma and
lita)
alaris (Anaplecta) 24
alaris (Latiblattella) 37
albida (Blatta) 61
albida (Xeoblattella) 61, 62
albipalpus (Lamproblatta) 8, 100
albonervosa (Chorisoneura) 136, 137, 140
albostriata (Pseudomops) 86
americana (Blatta) 103
americana (Periplaneta) 8, 103
amoena (Calhypnorna) 9
Anaplecta 4, 5, 10, 1 1, 13, 14, 31
(key to Panama species) 14
(see also alaris, analisignata, asema,
azteca, bivittata, cabimae, dohrni-
ana, domestica, fallax, tlabcllata,
fulgida, gemma, hemiscotia, jan-
soni, lateralis, mexicana, otomia,
pallida, sordida and varipennis)
analisignata (Anaplecta) 20, 21
angustata (Blatta) 82, 83
angustata (EuphNllodromia)
7, 82, 83, 84, 83, 86
angustifrons (Latiblattella) 7, 9, 39
Antitheton 4, 27
aporus (Pycnosccloides) 8, 104
Archimandrita 116
(see also marmorata and tessellata)
armata (Buboblatta) 9, 123, 124
armata (Latindia) 123, 124
asema (Anaplecta) Hebard
6, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25
Audreia 92, 93
(see also bromeliadarum, carinu-
lata, gatunae and marginata)
aurantiaca (Pseudomops) 7
australasiae (Blatta) 103
australasiae (Periplaneta) 8, 103
azteca (Anaplecta). . .16, 17, 18, 19, 21
azteca (Epilampra) 8, 96
Bergrothi (Ischnoptera) 7-73
bicolor (Pseudomops) 86
bicolorata (Eudromiella) Hebard
7. 34. 35
bilunata (Paratropa) 88
bilunata (Paratropes) 8, 88, 89
biolleyi (Blaberus) 116, 117
bioUeyi (Eublaberus) 9, 116, 117
biolleyi (Eurycotis) 8, loi, 102
biolleyi (Paratropes) 8
bispinosa (Calolampra) 141, 142
bispinosa (Litopeltis) 9, 141, 142
bivittata (Anaplecta) 18, 20, 21
Blabera 116
(see also discoidalis, limbata, pos-
tica, rufescens, thoracica and trape-
zoidea)
Blaberinae 9, 113
blaberoides (Epilampra) 91
blaberoides (Megaloblatta) . . . .8, 91, 92
Blaberus 25. 113, 115, 116, 117
(see also biolleyi, colosseus, dis-
coidalis and fraternus)
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4.
11
INDEX
Blattella 4, 28, 65
(see also germanica)
Blattellites (key to American genera) 26
Blatta (see acolhua, albida, ameri-
cana, angustata, australasiae,
brunneriana, colossea, fraterna,
germanica, hyalina, nahua, nitid-
ula, orientalis, rufa, supellectil-
ium, surinamensis, translucida,
viridis and vitrea)
Blattinae 4, 8, 100
brevitarsis (Calolampra) 8
bromeliadarum (Audreia) 8, 93
brunnea (Nyctibora) 10
brunnea (Periplaneta) 8, 103
brunneriana (Blatta) 61
brunneriana (Neoblattella) 61, 62
Bubo 123
Buboblatta Ilehard 4, 123
(see also armata)
Cabimae (Anaplecta) Ilehard
6, 14, 15, 16, 24
cabimae (Chorisoneura) Hebard
9, 126, 134, 136
Cacoblatta (see scabra)
Calhypnorna (see amoena and pul-
chella)
Calolampra 92
(see also bispinosa, brevitarsis,
carinulata and irrorata) ,
Capucina 108, 1 10
(see also cucullata and patula)
Capucinella Hebard 109
(see also delicatula)
Cariblatta 4, 28, 36, 52, 54
(see also fossicauda, imitans and
minima)
carinulata (Audreia) 92, 93, 94, 142
carinulata (Calolampra) 92
carrikeri (Xestoblatta) 80
castanea (Ischnoptera) 75
cayennensis (Liturgousa) 31
Ceratinoptera 4, 26
(see also nahua, picta and tropaia)
chagrensis (Neoblattella) Hebard
7,58,61
chichimeca (Latiblattella) 37
Chorisoblatta 4
Chorisoneura 4, 5, 84, 139
(key to Panama species) 125
(see also albonervosa, cabimae,
flavipennis, fuscipennis, gemmi-
cula, lata, minuta, panamae, par-
ishi, pellucida, perlucida, specilliger,
tessellata and translucida)
Chromatonotus Hebard. .. .2j, 44, 49
(see also heterus, infuscatus, lamp-
rus and notatus)
Colapteroblatta 4, 5, 140, 141
(see also compsa)
colombiae (Panchlora) 8, 107
colossea (Blatta) 115
colosseus (Blaberus) 9, 115, 116
Columbiana (Epilampra) . . . .8, 97, 98
compsa (Colapteroblatta) .... 140, 142
compsa (Euthlastoblatta) Hebard 7, 28
Compsodes 4, 121
(see also cucullatus)
conformis (Ischnoptera) 70, 71
conspersa (Epilampra) 8, 97
Corydiinae 4, 9, 99, 118
cribrosa (Panchlora) 8
crispula (Ischnoptera) 75
cubensis (Panchlora)
8, 104, 106, 107, 108
cucullata (Capucina) 113
cucullata (Latindia) 120
cucullatus (Compsodes) 9, 120
cylindrica (Poroblatta) 142
Debilis (Ischnoptera) 69, 72
decastigmata (Euphyllodromia) Hebard
7,83
deceptura (Pseudomops) 7
delicatula (Capucinella) Hebard
8, no. 111
Dendroblatta 4, 26
(see sobrina)
Diaphana (see fieberi)
INDEX
111
diaphana (Aglaopteryx) 32, 33
discoidalis (Blabera) 115
discoidalis (Blaberus) 9, 115
distanti (Eublaberus) 116
dohrniana (Anaplecta) 14, 18
dohrniana (Latindia) 9, 120
domestica (Anaplecta) 16, 24
Ectobiinae 4, 5, 6, 10
Ectobius 4' 5
Epilampra 92
(see also azteca, blaberoides, Col-
umbiana, conspersa, festae, gracilis,
longipennis, maya, mexicana and
sodalis)
Epilamprinae 8, 92
exoleta (Panchlora) 8, 106, 107
Eublaberus Hebard 116
(see also biolleyi, distanti, femor-
ata, immacula, posticus and sulzeri)
Eudromiella Hebard 4, 27, 34
(see also bicolorata)
Eunyctibora 88
(see also nigrocincta)
Euphyllodromia 4, 82
(see also angustata and decastig-
mata)
Eurycotis (see biolleyi, manni and
pluto)
Eutheganopteryx 4
Euthlastoblatta 26, 34
(see also abortiva and compsa)
Fallax (Anaplecta) 15, i^), 23
femorata (Eublaberus) 116
festae (Epilampra) 80
festae (Xestoblatta) 7, 80
fieberi (Diaphana) 119
fieberi (Hypercompsa) 9, 119
flabellata (Anaplecta) 13
flabellata (Lissoblatta). . .6, 11, 12, 13
flavipennis (Chorisoneura) 131
fossicauda (Cariblatta) 56
fratercula (Neoblattella)
7. 52, 53. 54. 55. 57. 59
mem. am. ent. soc, 4.
fraterna (Blatta) 65
fraterna (Neoblattella) 7, 10, 28, 64, 65
fraterna (Panchlora) 108
fraternus (Blaberus) 116
fulgida (Anaplecta) 10, 11
fulgida (Lissoblatta) . .6, 10, 11, 13, 16
fuscipennis (Chorisoneura) Hebard
9, 126, 130, 131
Gatunae (Audreia) Hebard 8, 93
gatunae (Ischnoptera) Hebard. . .7, 72
gemma (Aglaopteryx) 32, 33
gemma (Anaplecta) Hebard
6, 13, 15, 19, 20, 21
gemmicula (Chorisoneura) Hebard
9, 126, 134, 136, 137, 138
germanica (Blatta) 68
germanica (Blattella) 7, 34, 68
gloriosa (Pseudomops) Hebard .. .~, 86
gracilis (Epilampra) 92
grata (Pseudomops) 86, 87
Hemiscotia (Anaplecta) Hebard
6, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20
heterus (Chromatonotus) Hebard 7, 46
Holocompsa 4, 119
(see also nitidula, panamae and
zapoteca)
holosericea (Nyctibora) 10
Homalopteryx (see laminata)
hyalina (Blatta) 108
hyalina (Panchlora) 108
Hypercompsa 4
(see also fieberi)
Hyporhicnoda Hebard 5, 98
(see also reflexa)
Imitans (Cariblatta) 7, 52, 54
immacula (Eublaberus) 116
immaculata (Xestoblatta) Hebard 7, 80
impar (Neoblattella) Hebard
7, 54. 57. 58, 63
inca (Ischnoptera) 7, 75, 76
infuscata (Phyllodromia) 45
infuscatus (Chromatonotus). .45, 46, 47
IV
INDEX
inornata (Latiblattella) Hebard
7, 9, 37, 39, 40
irrorata (Calolampra) 92, 93
Ischnoptera 4, 44- 45- 77. 80, 139
(see also bergrothi, castanea, con-
formis, crispula, debilis, gatunae,
inca, mirella, morio, nana, nox,
occidentalis, panamae, rufa, tolteca
and vulpina)
Laminata (Homalopteryx) 1 1 1
Lamproblatta (see albipalpus)
lamprus (Chromatonotus) Hebard
7, 45- 46- 47
lateralis (Anaplecta) 13, I5. 23
Latiblattella 4, 27, 34, 37, 41, 42
(see also alaris, angustifrons, chi-
chimeca, inornata, pavida and
vitrea)
laticeps (Pseudophyllodromia) 82
lata (Chorisoneura) 128, 130
Latindia 4. 121
(see also armata, cucullata and
dohrniana)
leptum (Lophometopum) Hebard 7, 66
Leucophaea (see maderae)
limbata (Blabera) 115
Lissoblatta Hebard, 4- 5- 10
(see also flabellata and fulgida)
Litopeltis Hebard 5, 140, 141
(see also bispinosa)
lita (Aglaopteryx) Hebard. . . .7, 32, 33
Liturgousa (see cayennensis)
longipennis (Megaloblatta) 92
Lophometopum Hebard 4, 27, 65
(see also leptum)
luteola (Achroblatta) 8
Macrophyllodromia 27, 41, 42
(see also maximiliani and splen-
dida)
maderae (Leucophaea) 8
magna (Pseudomops) 86
manni (Eurycotis) loi
marginata (Audreia) 142
marmorata (Archimandrita) 114
maximiliani (Macrophyllodromia) 41, 43
maya (Epilampra) 8, 97
maya (Latiblattella) 37
Megaloblatta 4, 88
(see also blaberoides and rufipes)
megalopterum (Rhytidometopum)
Hebard 7, 49, 50
Melestora 4, 121, 123
(see also adspersipennis, micra and
minutissima)
mexicana (Anaplecta) 20
mexicana (Epilampra) 8, 97, 98
mexicana (Nyctibora) 88
micra (Melestora) Hebard 9, 121
minima (Cariblatta) 28
minor (Panchlora) 8, 108, 109
minuta (Chorisoneura) 128
minutissima (Melestora). .121, 122, 123
Mioblatta 140
mirella (Ischnoptera) Hebard
7. 75, 77, 78
morio (Ischnoptera) 69
Nahua (Blatta) 64
nahua (Ceratinoptera) 31
nahua (Neoblattella) 7, 28, 64
nana (Ischnoptera) 77
Neoblattella 4, 28, 29, 36, 49, 53, 64, 65, 66
(see also acanthastylata, adspersi-
collis, albida, brunneriana, chagren-
sis, fratercula, fraterna, impar and
panamae)
Neostylopyga (see rhombifolia)
nigricincta (Nyctibora) 88
nigrocincta (Eunyctibora) 8, 88
nitidula (Blatta) 118
nitidula (Holocompsa) 9, 118, 119
noctivaga (Nyctibora) 8, 10, 88
notata (Phyllodromia) 45
notatus (Chromatonotus) 45, 46, 47, 48
nox (Ischnoptera) Hebard 7, 68
Nyctibora 88
(see also brunnea, holosericea,
mexicana, nigricincta and noctivaga)
INDEX
Nyctiborinae 4, 8, 88
nyctiboroides (Xestoblatta) 80
Occidentalis (Ischnoptera)
7, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73
orientalis (Blatta) 8
ornata (Pseudophyllodromia) 82
otomia (Anaplecta) 18
Oxyhaloinae 4, 5, 9, 125
Pallida (Anaplecta) 21
panamae (Chorisoneura) Hebard
9, 125, 127, 128. 136, 139
panamae (Holocompsa) Hebard. .9, 118
panamae (Ischnoptera) Hebard. .7, 76
panamae (Neoblattella) Hebard
7. 54. 56, 57, 58, 59
Panchlora (see acolhua, colombiae,
cribrosa, cubensis, exoleta, fraterna,
hyalina, minor, punctum, translu-
cida and viridis)
Panchlorinae 8, 103
Paratropa (see bilunata)
Paratropes 88
(see also bilunata, biollcyi, phale-
rata and pinoganae)
Parcoblatta 4
parishi (Chorisoneura) 9, 126
Patella 108, no
patula (Capucina) 113
pavida (Latiblattella) 37, 39
Periplaneta 41
(see also americana, australasiae,
brunnea and truncata)
pellucida (Chorisoneura) 128, 130
Pelmatosilpha (see rotundata and
villana)
Perisphaerinae 4, 9, 140
perlucida (Chorisoneura) 128, 134
phalerata (Paratropes) 89, 90, 91
phoraspoides (Phortioeca) 8, 109
phoraspoides (Zetobora) 1 08
Phortioeca (see phoraspoides)
Phyllodromia (see infuscata and
notata)
MEM. AM. ENT. SOC, 4,
Phyllodromica 4
picta (Ceratinoptera) 7, 30
pinoganae (Paratropes) Hebard. . .8, 89
Platylestes 27, 41, 42, 44
Plectoptera 4, 5, 1 1
(see also pulicaria)
pluto (Eurycotis) Hebard 8, 101
Polyphaginae 99
Poroblatta 140
(see also cylindrica)
postica (Blabera) 117
posticus (Eublaberus) 9, 116, 117
Pseudomopinae 4, 7, 26
Pseudomops (see albostriata, auran-
tiaca, bicolor, deceptura, gloriosa,
grata and magna)
Pseudophyllodromia 4, 41, 82
(see also laticeps, ornata and pul-
cherrima)
pulchella (Calhypnorna) 9
pulcherrima (Pseudophyllodromia). .82
pulicaria (Plectoptera) 9
punctum (Panchlora) 106
Pycnosceloides 5
(see also aporus)
Pycnoscelus (see surinamensis)
Reflexa (Hyporhicnoda) . . . .8, 98, 100
reflexa (Rhicnoda) 98, 100
Rhicnoda 98
(see also reflexa and rugosa)
rhombifolia (Neostylopyga) 8
Rhytidometopum Hebard
4, 28, 34, 44, 49
(see also megalopterum)
rotundata (Pelmatosilpha) 8, loi
rufa (Blatta) 70
rufa (Ischnoptera) 7, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72
rufescens (Blabera) 115
rufipes (Megaloblatta) 91
rugosa (Rhicnoda) 98
Scabra (Cacoblatta) 9
sobrina (Dendroblatta) 7, 31
sodalis (Epilampra) 97
VI
INDEX
sordida (Anaplecta) Hebard
6, 13, 15, 18, 20, 21
specilliger (Chorisoneura) Hebard
9, 126, 134, 135, 138
splendida (Macrophyllodromia) . . .7, 42
Stenopilema 140
sublobata (Zetobora) 108
sulzeri (Eublaberus) 116
Supella 4, 28, 42, 49
(see also supellectilium)
supellectilium (Blatta) 52
supellectilium (Supella) 7, 52
surinamensis (Blatta) 103
surinamensis (Pycnoscelus) . .8, 103, 104
Tessellata (Archimandrita) . .9, 113, 114
tessellata (Chorisoneura) 128, 130
thoracica (Blabera) 117
tolteca (Ischnoptera) 77
translucida (Blatta) 133
translucida (Chorisoneura)
9, 126, 133, 135, 136, 137
translucida (Panchlora) 8, 108
trapezoidea (Blabera) 115
tropaia (Ceratinoptera) 31
truncata (Periplaneta) 103
Varipennis (Anaplecta) 23
villana (Pelmatosilpha) 8
viridis (Blatta) 105
viridis (Panchlora) 105
vitrea (Blatta) 9
vitrea (Latiblattella) 10
vulpina (Ischnoptera) 68
Xestoblatta 4
(see also carrikeri, festae, immacu-
lata and nyctiboroides)
Zapoteca (Holocompsa) 118
Zetobora (see phoraspoides and sub-
lobata)
o
%