- I ( NATIONAL ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 1901-1904. METEOROLOGY PART II COMPRISING DAILY SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS IST OCTOBER, 1901, TO 31ST MARCH, 1904. PREPARED IN THE METEOROLOGICAL OFFICE, UNDER THE SUPERINTENDENCE OF M.W.CAMPBELL HEPWORTH,C.B.,R.D., COMMANDER R.N.R. MARINE SUPERINTENDENT. • LONDON: PUBLISHED BY THE ROYAL SOCIETY. 1913. METEOROLOGICAL OFFICE, SOUTH KENSINGTON, LONDON, S.W. . February, 1918. To Sir ARCHIBALD GEIKIE, K.C.B., President of the Eoyal Society. Sir, I have now the honour to forward the corrected proof of the "Eemarks," introductory to the Daily Synchronous Charts of the Southern Quarter of the Globe, which were prepared, under my direction, to represent the results of the international co-operation in meteorological work for the National Antarctic Expedition, 1901-1904. These form the last instalment in discharge of the obligation which was undertaken for the Office by the Meteorological Council, in response to a request of the Eoyal Society, dated 30th September, 1904, and which devolved upon me in 1905. It would serve no useful purpose now to enter into detailed explanations of the length of time that has been found necessary to complete the work. Of the members of the directing body, under whose guidance it was originally planned, all except myself have passed away — Sir WILLIAM WHARTON, Sir EICHARD STRACHEY, Dr. ALEXANDER BUCHAN, Sir GEORGE DARWIN — and by a coincidence as tragic as it is deplorable, the final touches of the work, designed by international co-operation to elucidate the problems which the discoveries of the Antarctic explorers of 1901-1904 suggest, are delayed by the melancholy news of the loss of their leader, Captain EGBERT FALCON SCOTT, and of his four companions on their return from his second and successful attempt to reach the South Pole. I am, Sir, Your obedient servant, W. N. SHAW, Director. PREFACE. TIIK prrnMit volume complete* the publication of all the Physical remits of the Nation*] Antarctic ii. Hi of which the xiipvrvuion was undertaken by the Royal Society. It comprises Pan II. <>f the Meteorology, of which Part I. wa* issued in 1908. The delay in the appearance of the volume has arisen chiefly from the labour attending the preparation of the Charts, a task which has been carried through under the superintendence of Commander HKPWORTII, C.B., Marine Superintendent on the staff of the Meteorological Office, who has supplied the Introductory Text. It will be seen that the volume presenU not only the detailed resulu of the daily observations of the Expedition, )>ut combines also a large numU-r of contemporary observations obtained by other Antarctic explorers, by observatories in various parU of the Southern Hemisphere, and by the Captains of vessels traversing the Antarctic seas. It thus offers a (•••MI unions daily picture of the changing meteorological conditions in the whole Antarctic region south of the 30th parallel of latitude. An opportunity u afforded here to refer to certain objections made by Captain SOOTT to some of the statements contained in Part I. of the Meteorology, which was issued in the summer of the year 1908. Shortly before this distinguished polar explorer was about to sail on the Antarctic Expedition which he is now conducting, in letters addressed to me, he called attention to these statement* containing criticisms of the work of his Expedition of 1901-1904. Some of these criticisms, in his opinion, showed a want of appreciation of the practical difficulties of observation in high latitudes, while others involved errors of statement which he wished to correct As regards the latter, he maintained, in the first place, that the observations of the directions of wind taken on the land were "true" and not, as was suggested, "magnetic." He pointed out that in a region like that around the Magnetic Pole, where the horizontal magnetic force is very slight and magnetic directions are constantly changing, and where, therefore, it is impracticable to travel by compass, it was necessary that constant attention should be given to keep the course true, and that this necessity was fully realised by himself and his staff. He therefore dissented from the suggestion (text, pp. 489, 490; Preface, p. xii.) that the observations recorded in Lieutenant ROTDS' important traverse across the ice- barrier in the months of November and December, 1903, were probably made by compass. That suggestion occurs in connection with the contention that if a mean correction of 1 45* E., which is the deviation at the Winter Quarters, be applied to these observations, the winds recorded as coming from the S.W. to the extent of 68 per cent, are found to be from E. by N. and are thus brought into harmony with those registered at the Winter Quarters. While protesting against this introduction of a mugMtte correction, Captain SOOTT pointed out that the correction will not give the desired result, for it has been put in the wrong direction, viz., westerly instead of easterly, and that even when it is correctly applied, the direction of the 68 per cent, of wind would be N. by E. and not E. by N., as stated in the Table on p. 490. Captain SCOTT maintained that, apart from all explanatory theory, the wind observations taken on the sledge-journey in question were perfectly trustworthy, and were in harmony with those made during other sledge-journeys of the Expedition, which combine to indicate a preponderance of southerly and westerly winds in the region under observation, and as he conceives, lend no support to the generalisation that the dominant direction of the surface winds is there from the east Another complaint of Captain SCOTT had reference to the insertion of a column (No. 3, pp. 284-563) purporting to give the positions of the sledge-parties at noon each day of their journeys. He remarked that it is difficult to see how the figures in this column were obtained, and that they are constantly in error. Citing in illustration his own sledge-journey of October to December, 1903, he pointed oat that B 2 206234 whereas in the printed table he is stated to have been, on October 30, 26 miles from the ship on sea-ice, he was really 80 miles from the ship, climbing the Ferrar glacier; and, on December 16, when he is represented as being 95 miles from the ship, it is plain from the column of " Remarks," that he had returned to Winter Quarters and was comparing his aneroid with the ship's barometer. Captain SCOTT intended to have adjusted these Tables before he sailed on his recent Expedition, but, in the hurry of his departure, seems to have found it impossible to do so. It should be understood that when the Tables of the various sledge-journeys were in course of compilation at the Meteorological Office from the records made by the observers, great difficulty was experienced in obtaining information as to the daily positions. Two of the journeys are actually printed without positions, but for the other journeys the positions are printed as supplied to the Meteorological Office by Captain SCOTT'S instruction, in reply to a request addressed to the Royal Geographical Society. It is matter for regret, however, that after the return of the Expedition, when the staff of observers was dispersed, closer touch with them should not have been maintained. With regard to the statement that "the explorers brought back no certain information about the amount of slope of the barrier-surface towards the sea " (Preface, p. xii.), Captain SCOTT contended that the staff possessed no means of discriminating between the influence on the barometer of the varying conditions of atmospheric pressure, on the one hand, and of differences in altitude, on the other. While fully realising the importance of distinguishing between these two causes, he knew of no practical means of discriminating them on sledge-journeys over the Antarctic ice-field, and he desired that proper allowance should be made for the apparently insuperable difficulties which have to be encountered. Nevertheless, it must be recognised that the separation of the influence of varying atmospheric pressure from that dependent on height above sea-level, is of such fundamental importance that no polar expedition can now be regarded as completely equipped for meteorological and physiographical research unless it is provided with the means of conducting levelling operations, independently of barometric variations. The accurate measurement of the slope of the inland ice is required for the determination not only of the atmospheric pressure gradient towards the pole, but also of the flow of the ice-cap. 24th January, 1918. ARCH. GEIKIE, President of the Royal Society. Since the foregoing paragraphs were in type and ready to be printed off, tidings have come of the appalling tragedy of the death of Captain SCOTT and his companions on their return journey from the South Pole. It is not possible to allow this last contribution from the voyage of the " Discovery " to be published without the addition of a few words expressive of the profound sorrow with which the loss of these brave men has filled the hearts of all those who were associated with them in connection with Antarctic exploration and its problems. We had learnt to appreciate the remarkable gifts of Captain SCOTT and Dr. E. A. WILSON as explorers, and their charm as personal friends. We looked forward to their return home, bringing with them another and still ampler harvest of results. They have lost their lives in the cause of science, but their names are now imperishably graven on the bede-roll of the heroes of polar discovery. A. G. 14th February, 1913. REMARKS ON THE CHARTS. BY M. W. CAMPBELL HEPWORTH, C.B., R.D., COMMANDER R.N.R. THE COLLECTION or THE DATA. mpxion with the scheme of International Antarctic Exploration, inaugurated at the beginning of thu century, whirh attaiiiol it* fulfilment during the yean 1901-04, arrangement* were made by the Hritiih Meteorological Office and the DeuUche Seewarte conjointly, prior to the departure for the Far S<>uth <>f the British and German Expedition*, with a riew to obtaining synchronous observation* at Noon (J.M.T. «>f Uromctric prewure, air temperature, and wind frequency, during the period October, 1901, to March, 1903, for Latitude* South of the 30th parallel of South Latitude. this country special registers, in a form agreed upon by the British and German Antarctic Committees, were issued to the Ships of H.M. Navy through the Office of the Hydrographer (the late Rear-Admiral Sir W. J. L. WIIAHTOX, K.C.B.). A circular letter, issued by the Meteorological Council to marine observers in correspondence with the Office and others engaged on Southern voyages, soliciting tht-ir co-operation in this work, met with a ready response, and a large numl>er of registers were di.itribiited among the Commanders of Ships visiting the Southern Ocean, and numerous contributions resulted. Subsequently the period originally specified was extended to 31»t March, 1904, in consequence of the detention of the "Discovery " in McMurdo Sound, South Victoria Land. The Observatories of the Colonies in the Southern Hemisphere contributed valuable records and observations in response to an invitation by the Royal Society. By an arrangement between the Meteorological Office and the Deutsche Seewarte, an exchange of observations, recorded on board ships from which contributions on the special Registers were received by the respective Bureaux, was effected. In addition to the data thus collected by the Office a Urge number of observations at noon G.M.T. were obtained from the "Discovery," "Morning," "Terra Nova," and " Scotia," relating to the passages of these vessels to and from the Antarctic and while cruising in Antarctic Seas ; also from many stations in Cape Colony, Australasia, South America, Ticrra del Fuego, and Kcrguelen Island AM regards information from stations in, and in the neighbourhood of, Antarctica, in addition to the meteorological records kept at Winter Quarters of the " Discovery " in McMurdo Sound, observations were obtained relating to the "Gauss" station of the German Expedition, near Kaiser VYilholm II. Land, Laurie Island— South Orkneys, and Snow Hill Inland— Palmer Land, through the courtesy of the leaders of the German, Scottish, and Swedish Antarctic Expeditions, Professor VON DBYOALSKI, Dr. W. S. But CE, and Dr. OTTO NOBDBNSKJOLD, respectively. Upon the information thus obtained are based the Daily Synchronous Charts of Sea-Level Pressure for Noon G.M.T., with winds and air temperature, as well as the Charts of mean monthly pressure and air temperature, and the Tables of average wind and gale frequency. The list of contributors is as follows : — -HIPS of the Royal Navy (H.M.S.), Exploring Vessels (KS.), Steamships (S.S.), and Sailing V the Mercantile Marine, from which Observations were Received. a .,- Adolf 8. AtariUm 8.8. Adolphc 8. Afrir. , . . 8*. AleiBom. Alexandra 8. 8. 8. 8. Alnwiok CMte a. II M - Anaconda S. Antoinette S. Aotea 8.8. Arcadia S.S. Archer H.M.S. Armadale Castle .... 8.8. Artemis 8. Arthur Fitger S. A--..\, 8.8. Asuncion de Larrinaga . . 8.8. Aster S. Atlantique 8. Austral S.S. Australasian S.S. Australia S.S. Austrian S.S. Barracouta H.M.S. Barrosa H.M.S. Basilisk H.M.S. Biessard S. Blanche H.M.S. Bremen S. Britannica S.S. Britannio S.S. Caithness S.S. Cambrian H.M.S. Campinas S. Cap Horn S. Carisbrook Castle . . . S.S. Carl S. Chemnitz 8. Chile S. China S.S. Christel S. Chubut S. Clan Ferguson .... S.S. Clan Grant S.S. Clan Mackinnon .... S.S. Clan Maclaohlan .... 8.8. Clan Bonald 8.8. Clan Urquhart .... 8.8. County of Kinross . . . S. Courtfield 8.8. Craigisla S.S. Damascus 8.8. Danube S.S. Dart H.M.S. D. H. Watjen S. Discovery E.S. Dominion S.S. Don 8. Dorade S. Duisburg S. Dunkerque S. Dwarf H.M.S. Earl Derby S. Ecuador 8. Egyptian Prince .... 8.8. Elstree Grange .... 8.8. Emilie Siegfried . . . . S. Ems S. Erne S. European S.S. Falls of Halladale . . . S. Forte H.M.S. Gauss S.S. General de Sonis . . . . S. General Foy S. Gibraltar H.MS. Goorkha S.S. Gothic S.S. Greta Holme S.S. Harlech Castle .... S.S. Harold ....... S. Heliades 8.8. Hera S. Heraolides S.S. Hermione S. Herzogin Cecilie . . . . S. Hibernian S.S. Hilarius S.S. Himalaya S.S. Icarus H.M.S. India S.S. Indralema S.S. Jacqueline S. Jason S.S. Jules Gommes S. Kaikoura S.S. Kaipara S.S. Kalliope S. Karamea S.S. Karnak S. Karrakatta H.M.S. Kilbride S.S. Kinfauns Castle .... 8.8. Knight of St. George . . S.S. Konigin Luise S. Kurnara 8.8. Ladye Doris 8. L'Amiral Jaureguiberry . S. Largo Law S. Lisbeth S. Lismore Castle .... S.S. Lizard H.M.S. Loch Katrine S. Loch Tay S. Loch Torridon . . . . S. Lutterworth S. Lynton S. Macquarie 8. Madeleine S. Magdalena S.S. Magpie H.M.S. Mamari S.S. Maori S.S. Martho S. Mutatua. . 8.8. Medic S.S. Menelaus S.S. Metis S. Mildura H.M.S. Mombassa S.S. Monarch H.M.S. Montrose S.S. Moravian S.S. Morning E.S. Mount Stewart . . . . S. Naiad S.S. Nauarchos S. Nereide S. Netlierby S. Niagara S. Nineveh S.S. Niobe S. Norman S.S. Nymphe H.M.S. Odin H.M.S. Omega S. Omrah S.S. Ophir S.8. Orient S.S. Ormuz S.S. Oro S.S. Orontes S.S. Otarama S.S. Pakelm S.S. Palmyra S. Papanui S.S. Paparoa S.S. Paposo S. Partridge H.M.S. Pearl H.M.S. Penguin H.M.S. Pera S. Perseverance S. Persic S.S. Persimmon S. Peru S. Pfalz S. Phaeton H.M.S. Philomel H.M.S. Phoebe H.M.S. Pitlochry 8. Posen S. Potomac S.S. President Felix Faure . . S. Pylades H.M.S. Knkaia S.S. Ramsay S.S. Rangatira S.S. Rattler H.M.S. Reinbek S. Rene S. Reynolds 8.8. Rhine S. Rhone , . S. KmmUla S.S. Kmjraroomn . . IM Bodenbek - Boomer && Boamey («) S S. K..T.I Arthur II \l - Kuaprliu M.S. Bunie S.S. .... S.S. . . . .... K -v . . . .... - . ... HA. — - • .-. TerpaW,orv H.Ms. Terpeiebore 8. Terra Nora K.S. Thekla S. ThUtle II \l ~ Tyuca - Tinto Hill S. Tokomaru 84. Tongariro M.S. Torch H.M.S. Turakina 8.8. Valentino . . 8. S. V*raj«an 8. Vereaille. 8. Victoria S.S. Videtto 8. Ville de Dijon 8. Waikato 8JJ. Wumale 8.8. Wtiwrra 8.8. Wakanui 8.8. Wallaroo II M - Walmmr Oaetle . ... 8.8. Wap|«ni H. W.i.pilr II \l - \Vli»k«lnw 8.S. OBSERVATIONS were Received from Observatories ami Meteorological Stations at the following places : — P.Tt Pirie. Bay of bland*. Adelaide. Waitara. Port Viator. Cmpe Campbell. Portland. The Brother*. Port Fairy. Melbourne. Wellington. Port Darcy. Wanganui. LauDcnton. Tauranga. II. .hart. Napier. Jerri* Bay. Ouborne. Sydney. Port Nolloth. Hondekhp Bay. Ookiep. SaldanhaBar. St. Helena Bay. Lambert'* Bay. Cap* Town. Simon'* Bay. Clan William. Cap* AgH»««« Amalien*tein. MoMlBay. Wageoaar'* Kraal. Cape St. Franci*. AlgoaBay. O rahametown. SI utter heim. Baet London. Cmtata. Durban. CrosetlaUad. Kafaar Wilhelm Land ("Oau*.' Winter Quarter*). Port Angiuta. Cap* Leenwin. Fre mantle. Perth. Albany. BreakMa bland. r - i. • .„ Port Stephen. Victoria Land (" Di*oorery ' Quarter*). The Bluff. Inrercargill. Nugget Point. Cape Adare. Dunedin. Port Chalmen. Winter Weetpnrt. Onriitf ii nron LyUelton. Cap* Miria ran Pieman. Farewell Spit. ••t.m ^P*r New Plymouth. P. Juan Fernandei. Krangeli*U. Ancud. Talcahuaoo. ValdiTia. rmifii Valparaieo. Coquimbo. Pnnta Arena*. Cape Virgin* (Dungenee*). Port Madryn. AirM. Cap* Pembroke. Snow 11:11 Montevideo. Maldonado. Laurie bland. Coat1. Land. The total number of observations charted amount* to 44,893, of which 29,354 are marine and 15,539 land observation*. The total number charted for 1902 i* 11,063, and for 1903, 10,851 ; of these 7,600, in 1902, and 5,703, in 1903, refer to land stations. The largwt number of marine observation* charted for any one month is 1,435 relating to January, 1903 ; the largest number of observation* from land station* is 744 relating to May, 1903. The smallest number of marine observations for any one month is 697 for September, 1903 ; the smallest for land stations, 310 for October, 1901. The largwt number for a single day is 52 marine for 22nd January, 1903, and 25 land for 27th May, 1903 ; but for all other days in that 8 month 24 land observations have been charted. The smallest number of observations for a single day is 19 marine for 9th October, 1903, 10 land throughout October, 1901, and 10 to 11 throughout March, 1904. In the Eegisters issued by the Meteorological Office, observers were requested to give a few readings of their barometer in ports visited in order that the error of the instrument might be estimated. Facilities were given for recording these readings in the Register by the introduction of a special form. Some of the observations received from British ships were recorded by trained observers with properly verified instruments provided by the Office; the errors of these instruments were known ; but the majority of instrumental observations were derived from barometers and thermometers supplied by the owners of the vessels in which the observers were serving. The errors of these instruments were ascertained, when possible, by comparison with standards at various ports, and the corrections registered, verified or otherwise, by the comparison of readings noted in the special form of the Register with the corresponding values published in the Daily Weather Reports of the country in which the observations were taken. Entries in the Registers of doubtful accuracy have been discarded, and it must be admitted that a small percentage of the wind observations charted are not in good agreement with the distribution of barometric pressure to which they are related, particularly as regards direction. The discrepancies may, in most cases, be attributed to the failure of the observer to realise, or to make sufficient allowance for, the effects of aberration caused by the vessel's own motion. THE DAILY AND MONTHLY CHARTS. The result of the work is represented by daily charts for Noon Greenwich Mean Time with charts for monthly pressure and air temperature. In some respects the Daily Synchronous Charts are unique. The conditions which they are intended to represent at a given time each day, for a period of thirty months, refer to an area that is far larger than that embraced by any similar set of charts hitherto published. They include localities in the Antarctic, and furnish daily a link between the conditions existing simultaneously in frigid zones and in sub-tropical latitudes, represented on the one hand by three widely separated localities in Antarctica, and on the other by the southern segments of the tropical anticyclones of the Southern Hemisphere. They establish, as a fact, the permanence of these high-pressure areas of the great oceans, and show the gradual seasonal migrations of the South Atlantic, South Pacific, and Indian Ocean anticyclones by the slow oscillations of their southern edges. Notwithstanding the large number of observations collated, the localities for which data are available for each daily chart are comparatively few, and frequently isolated, owing to the vastness of the area to which collectively they are related. Despite the sparseness of the observations charted, and the obvious incompleteness in sequence of the conditions which the charts are designed to represent, the information they afford is considerable, for not only are the positions of many high- and low-pressure systems over various parts of the regions under notice indicated, but these " Highs " and " Lows " can, for the most part, be identified day after day, the means being thus afforded for tracing the directions in which their centres moved during more or less prolonged periods. The limits of areas over which cyclonic depressions exercised an influence can, moreover, in a few instances be defined and occasionally the places of their origin or extinction roughly determined. As regards the charts of monthly pressure and air temperature at sea-level for each of the thirty months under notice, although the number of observations upon which they are based is comparatively small, even for those months in which the more ample data are available, it may nevertheless be claimed that they exhibit broadly the more salient features in the distribution of the respective elements they represent during the periods to which they refer. In addition, the charts of mean monthly pressure and air temperature side by side with those of normal pressure and air temperature supply the means for comparing th« distribution of these elements, in the several months, with the average distribution. The tables of monthly average wind and gale frequency introduced assist in the interpretation of the mean monthly chart. DISCUSSION OF CERTAIN CONCLUSIONS DRAWN FROM THE STUDY OF THE SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WIND AND AIR TEMPERATURE. THE PATHS or THE CYCLONIC DEnuBOOHB or THE SOUTHERN OCEAN. Hitherto adequate information has been wanting for the purpose of defining the average path* of cyclonic depressions which visit the Southern Ocean and Southern Continents during the several seasons of the year, and this information these eircumpolar chart* to some extent supply. An attempt was made by the present writer in the year 1890 to determine, by the aid of observation* extracted from a large number of logs relating to voyages between the Cape of Good Hope and Australaria during the three years 1887-9, tbe mean paths of the centres of cyclonic system* moving eastward South of the 38th parallel of latitude,* and subsequently to trace the centres of high- and low-pressure system* in transit eastward over Australasia, t by reference principally to synoptic charts prepared at the Sydney Observatory under the direction of the late Mr. H. C. Ri'sssix, then Government Astronomer for New South Wales. From the information obtained by means of the data contained in the log* referred to it was inferred that East of the 30th meridian of Ea*t longitude the centre* of atmospheric disturbance* appeared to travel to the eastward usually on paths lying South of the 43rd parallel of latitude during winter month* and South of the 46th parallel during summer months. The evidence afforded by the daily synoptic chart* of Australasia also appeared to favour this assumption, which is now confirmed by the testimony of the daily chart* under notice. In a memoir by the writer upon the Climatology of South Victoria Land and the Neighbouring Seaa,t which is included in the published result* of meteorological observations of the " Discovery " Expedition, during the years 1901 to 1904, attention is directed to the exceptionally favourable position, regarded a* ft meteorological station in the Southern Ocean, in which the Winter Quarters of the Exploring Ship "Gauss," of the German Antarctic Expedition, was situated. The value of the data obtained at this station, on the fringe of Antarctica, is, moreover, considerably enhanced by observations recorded at the German station on Kerguelen Island, because together they throw light upon point* in connexion with the surface distribution of pressure and wind in cyclonic system* of the Southern Ocean, in regard to which little ha* hitherto been known. The following remarks in thi* connexion, which appear in the memoir referred to, are based upon the date incorporated in the daily charts; it is, therefore, considered admissible to repeat them in these • - Lying to the South of the westerly wind* of the Southern Ocean, and at the limit* of the southern segment of those low-prenure areas which move from We*t to East with the westerly air current of the Southern Hemisphere, the Winter Quarter* of the German Antarctic Expedition were exceptionally well situated as an observing station from a meteorological point of view. It has been thought by meteorologists, who have attacked the problem, that, associated with the depressions which traverse tbe Southern Oceans, depressions which are usually elliptical in shape and have their major axes extended in a northerly and southerly direction, the easterly winds in the southern segment of the system are almost always light or moderate in force. Ships running down the easting in • -Wind SyiUBM and Trade Bomtee between the Cape of Good llope and Anetimlie," 'Quarterly Journal, Royal Metsoroloycul Society,' Vol. XVII. (1891), pp. 21-27. I he Track* of Orran Wind ByHenw in Tnnait arrow ABetnOaata," ' Quarterly Journal. Royal Meteorological Sorirt y.1 Vol. XIX. (ISM), pp. »4-*a J - ninnllllnij nf Victoria Land sad DM Seifhboorinf Sea*,"' National Antarctic Expedition, Mrteorolo(y,' Fart I. C 10 high southern latitudes seldom experience strong winds or gales from Eastward, even when there appears to be evidence to show that they are situated well to the south of the central " low " of a cyclonic wind system. It has, therefore, been assumed that in these systems the gradient polewards is normally slight, and that on its southern side the low pressure dominates but a small area. The results of observations obtained by the German Expedition at Kerguelen Island and at Kaiser Wilhelm II. Land go far to prove that depressions which traverse the Southern Ocean cover a much larger area on their southern side than was hitherto supposed, and that although Easterly gales are seldom met with on the trade routes referred to, nevertheless they occur, considerably further south, it is true, but still within the limits of the system and forming part of their circulation. The rise of temperature which was associated with gales from Eastward at the " Gauss " Winter Station and which, as a rule, continued until the wind began to moderate, may be attributed to the circulation of warm air drawn from lower and warmer latitudes about a minimum pressure far north of the station. Frequently the daily observations at noon G.M.T. of barometer and wind recorded by the German Antarctic Expedition at Kerguelen Island and at the " Gauss " Winter Quarters respectively — the former supplemented and confirmed by similar observations made on board ships situated in the neighbourhood of the island — indicate a connexion between the strong winds and gales from Northward and Westward associated with diminishing pressure at Kerguelen and the strong winds and gales from eastward experienced at the " Gauss " station. The distance between the meridians of these two stations respectively, on a middle latitude of 57° 43' S., is about 630 miles. As instances in which the common origin of these increases in wind force, experienced at the two stations, is shown, the following cases are cited. Doubtless the fuller data in the possession of the German meteorologists bring into greater prominence the connexion referred to. It should be understood that noon G.M.T. observations only are cited. 18th to 20th February, 1902. At Kerguelen Island on the 18th February, 1902, at noon G.M.T., the barometer stood at 29-75 inches, the thermometer at 45° F. ; the wind was from West, force 5. Next day the mercury had fallen to 29 "43 inches, the temperature had risen 1°; and the wind, still from West, had increased to a fresh gale, indicating a gradient to the South. On the 20th the barometer had risen to 29 '80 inches, the thermometer showed a drop in the temperature to 42° F., and the wind had backed to West-south-west. The depression was passing away to the eastward. By this time, at noon G.M.T., on the 20th, on board the " Gauss," in latitude 65° 55' S., longitude 90° 20' E., the barometer indicated a pressure of 29 '55 inches, which was diminishing, the thermometer marked 28° F., and a fresh breeze was blowing from East. The mercury had fallen to 29 '28 inches on the 21st in latitude 66° 17' S., longitude 90° 43' E. ; temperature had risen to 31° F., and the direction and force of the wind were the same as on the previous day. On the 22nd, the " Gauss " being then in her Winter Quarters, the mercury had fallen but slightly, to 29 • 25 inches ; the temperature had dropped to 25° F., and a strong gale was blowing from East-by-south. The gale had not abated at noon G.M.T. on the day following, when the direction of the wind had changed to East. The barometer then stood at 29 '23 inches, the thermometer at 24° F. The mercury had fallen to 29 '14 inches on the 24th; temperature had risen to 29° F., but the gale was abating. 23rd to 28th April, 1902. On the 23rd April of the same year, at noon G.M.T., pressure at Kerguelen Island had fallen 0'71 inch and temperature had risen 8° F. during the preceding 24 hours. The barometer then read 29-20 inches and the thermometer 48° F. ; the breeze blew freshly from West-north-west. At the same G.M.T. a barometer reading of 29 '58 inches was recorded at the " Gauss" station; the temperature was 9° F., and the wind gentle from East-south-east. On the 24th the mercury had risen to 29 '33 inches at Kerguelen Island, the temperature had dropped to 34° F., and the wind had backed to South-west-by-west and moderated. The disturbance, with which the diminution of pressure at the island had been associated, was then passing away to the eastward. At the " Gauss " station the mercury had by this time fallen to 11 59-38 inch**, the thermometer had risen to IT ¥., and • ttrong gale from Kast-by-north had set in. The mercury . ..i.tinu.-.l i<> fall. mi (!„• -jvli it had fallen to i"J- 1 1 inches, and the thennoineter marked 16' F. ; the direction of the wind had not changed. I.IK il,,- f..t,c had increased to 10. Ths barometer WM down to 28-49 inches on the 26th ; the thermometer had risen to 17* F., and the wind ttill blew with the force of a whole gale from but by- north. On the day following the mercury had ruen to 28-72 inche* and wai still rising; temperature bnd dropped to 16* F., and the gala continued, unabated, from the same point. The wind m,«l, ruUxl on the 28th, when the mercury had risen to todtoSth May, 1908. veen the 2nd and 6th May, 1902, pressure at Kerguelen Island diminished from 29-92 inches to M -t inches, and fresh winds were experienced from North-westward, backing to Westward. The temperature between the 4th and 5lh had risen from 34* F. to 42" F. From the 4th to the 7tb of tin- nu.nth. inrlu.«ivi>, the "Gauss" station was visited by a strong to whole gale from East-by-north, pressure having diminished from 29-24 inches, on the 3rd, to 28 -52 inches on the 6th, and temperature risen during that period from - 4* F. to 21* F. ir.th to lifth May, 19M. Again, between the 15th and 17th of the same month, pressure at Kerguelen Inland declined from 29-33 inches to 28-90 inches, and temperature rose from 30* F. to 42' F. Strong winds from between West-north-west and West-south-west were recorded at this time and also on the 18th at the island, and strong winds and gales on board ships in the neighbourhood of the island At the German station in the Antarctic the barometer showed a fall from 29 '23 inches to 29 '09 inches between the 17th and 18th, the thermometer a rise from 9* F. to 13* F., and the wind, from Kost-by-north, increased in force to a fresh gale. On the 19th the barometer had risen to 29*24 inches, and the wind increased from the same point to a whole gale. Next day the mercury had risen to 29-43 inches, temperature had dropped to 8* F., and the gale was over. 4th to 7th June, 1902. A rapid diminution of pressure, rise of temperature, and increase of wind to gale force, which occurred from the 4th to the 6th June at the Antarctic station, was evidently associated with a diminution of pressure and increase of wind to gale force previously recorded (between the 3rd and 5th of the month) .it Kerguelen Island and on board the S.S. " Waimate, " in a position, on the 4th, rather more than 100 miles south of the island. Subsequently, between the 6th and 7th of June, the " Waimate," passing the meridian of the " Gauss " station in latitude 50}' S., experienced a fresh to strong gale from West-south-west, veering to North- west, while pressure increased at the Antarctic station, and the wind moderated from a whole gale to a strong breexe. -.th to 8th July, 19OX. On the 5th July a rapid fall of the mercury recorded at Kerguelen Island and on board ships approaching the neighbourhood of the island resulted in an increase of wind on the 6th, which had backed from North-west to West, and blew a fresh gale from the latter direction. During these two days the mercury at the "Gauss" station fell 0-58 inch, and the thermometer rose 11*, and on the 7th an increasing wind attained the force of a fresh gale. The barometer then commenced to rise ; the tempe- rature had risen 5* since the preceding day, and marked 21* F. Next day the gale was over. llth to lath July, 1902. I the 1-Jth to the 13th of the same month barometric pressure at Kerguelen Island declined from 29-82 inches to 28-84 inches, the wind at the same time backing from North-west to West, and I Between the llth and 12th the thermometer had risen 4'. C 2 12 On the 13th a light South-west breeze obtained at the Antarctic station, pressure increasing, the temperature - 11° F. On the 14th the barometer there read as high as 29 '58 inches; the temperature had risen to - 4" F., but the wind had backed to East-by-south, and was entered in the record as a fresli breeze. On the 15th the mercury had fallen half an inch, the thermometer risen 19°, and the wind was blowing with storm force from Eastrby-north. With a slight recovery of pressure on the 16th, it moderated to a fresh gale, but subsequently increased to a strong gale, still from the same point, and this continued, pressure the while declining, until the 18th, when the barometer had fallen to 28 '61 inches, and the thermometer marked 17° F. Pressure recovered next day and the wind moderated, but the temperature had risen to 20° F. ; it fell, however, on the 20th to 1° F. 80th July to 8th August, 1902, A rapid fall in the barometer from 30-37 inches to 29 '62 inches occurred at Kerguelen Island between the 30th and 31st July, occasioning an increase of wind, and associated with a slight rise of temperature. On these days the mercury fell 0 ' 4 inch at the " Gauss " station, and the direction of the wind changed from West-north-west on the 30th to East-by-south on the 31st, increasing in force at the same time. On the 1st August the mercury had fallen as low as 27 '82 inches, and a whole gale was blowing from East- by-north. The temperature had risen 10° since noon G.M.T. of the preceding day. A diminution of pressure and decrease in wind force recorded at Kerguelen Island and on board ships in the neighbourhood of the island, on the 6th and 7th August, appear to have been associated with a diminution of pressure, rise of temperature, and increase of wind from East-by-north to gale force, recorded on board the " Gauss " on the 7th and 8th of the month. 15th to 17th August, 1902. Reduction of pressure at the island, again, on the 15th to the 17th of the same month, was followed at the "Gauss" station by a rise of temperature between the 16th and 17th of 25°, and a fall in the barometer of 0'74 inch between the 17th and 18th, together with an increase of wind from East-by-north on the 18th to storm force. llth and 12th, 20th and 21st October, 1902. Diminishing pressure, accompanied by increase of wind, recorded at Kerguelen Island and by ships in the neighbourhood of the island on the llth and 12th October, and again on the 20th and 21st of that month, was followed at the German Antarctic station by decline of pressure, rise of temperature, and increase of wind to whole gale force. llth to 14th December, 1902. On the llth December a fall in the barometer of more than half an inch had been recorded at Kerguelen Island for the previous 24 hours, and the ship " Niagara," some 250 miles north-eastward of the island, was experiencing a strong gale from North-north-west. On the following day the centre of disturbance, progressing eastward, had passed the meridian of the station at Kerguelen, and the S.S. " Salami's," in the immediate neighbourhood of the island, had a strong wind from South-by-west. At the German station in the Antarctic pressure was then giving way, but the wind, from East-north-east, was light. About 1 300 miles due north of the " Gauss " the " Loch Torridon " recorded a strong wind from North-by-west and a barometer reading of 29 '56 inches, which was 0'28 inch higher than the reading recorded at the same time on board the " Gauss." The "Niagara," then in about 45° S. latitude, 81 J° E. longitude, still had the wind from Northward, and was therefore in front of the trough of the depression. On the 13th the " Loch Torridon" and the " Niagara " carried a Westerly wind, and the latter, in about 45° S. latitude, 86 J° E. longitude, was running before a fresh gale, with the central low to the southward of her. II Tli.- Ant.v. ti. sinti..n, where pressure had continued to give way, wu now under the full influence of i hi- disturbance, and a fresh Easterly gale wu blowing there. but the wind moderated next day. During .ile temperature appean to have changed very little A diminution of procure recorded at Kerguelen Island and on board ship* in the neighbourhood of t he ialand between the 6th and 8th February, 1903, which was accompanied by an increase of wind, wu followed on the 9th by a diminution of pressure and a strong gale from Kut, in 65' 53' &, 89* L'l K , the position in which the " Gauss" wu situated. Other instances furnished by synchronous G.M.T. observations could be cited to show how the gales experienced at Kaiser Wilhclm II. Land, during the sojourn there of the German Exploring Expedition. frequently owed their origin to systems of low pressure travelling outward, which had previously affected the weather conditions of Kerguelen and ships in the neighbourhood of the island, giving rise to strung winds and gales in those localities. Sunlift rude, while the anticyclones move with them. Mr. l;i SHELL assumed the rate of translation of these hypothetical systems of high pressure over the Southern Ocean to be about 460 miles per day ; were his theory correct, however, a vessel of average •peed running eastward between the 30th and 40th or even the 45th parallels of latitude would be over- taken by a succession of anticyclones. On the approach of each the wind would commence to freshen from some point between South and West with a rising barometer, subsequently veering to Northward with a falling barometer and moderating ; and a vessel making the passage homeward from Australia riA the Cape of Good Hope in about the 30th parallel would meet these high-pressure systems, moving in the opposite direction, and experience a similar sequence of changes repeated in rapid succession. Now it is well known that the reverse obtains; winds experienced by vessels running eastward commence to freshen from a northerly or north-westerly direction with a falling barometer; back to the south westward or southward with a rising barometer and moderate. To the navigator making the passage between the meridian of Cape Point and that of Cape Leeuwin or of Stewart Island the overtaking depressions are of so marked a character, and the influence they exert upon the progress of his vessel so considerable, that there can be in his mind at least no doubt as to their dominance over the weather. The evidence afforded by the synchronous daily charts under notice, as well as by chart* of average barometrical pressure, is, moreover, in direct contradiction to Mr. RrssEU.'s theory, while, on the other hand, it can be proved conclusively by reference to such charts that the anticyclones of the great oceans are permanent systems of high pressure. It must be admitted, nevertheless, that the appearance over the extreme west of Australia, on the daily weather charts that are drafted, of these anticyclones, month after month, and their regular progress •crow the island continent conveys the impression that they are visitors from the Indian Ocean and might have formed, as Mr. KCSSELJ. supposed, thousands of miles to the westward. • • Southern Hrmitphrr* Surfac* Air CircuUtioo,' by WILLIAM J. 8. LOCKTM, M.A. (Ctoteb.), Ph.D. (OOUin|M). F.K.AJ&, Chief AaiirsM, Solar Phrrfes Ofassmtory. 16 The interchange of air between equatorial and polar regions may be effected through the intermediary of anticyclonic circulations, albeit these high-pressure systems are permanent ; and, in the opinion of the writer, the temperate zones are bridged in this manner. The heat thus transmitted from low to high latitudes, while mitigating in some measure the severity of the climate of northern Antarctica, may also contribute towards the disruption of ice from outlying ice barriers. Similarly the introduction of cool air from high to low latitudes doubtless exercises an ameliorating effect upon tropical regions through the agency of the trade winds. THE KATE OF TRAVEL OF CYCLONIC DEPRESSIONS. To revert to the cyclonic depressions experienced in far southern seas ; it has been ascertained* that in the Southern Ocean, between the meridians of 10° and 140° E., the strongest gales experienced near the centre of a cyclonic depression blow in its front, from between North-east and North-west, and that the wind moderates when it backs to Westward, as pressure increases ; whereas gales that occur within the northern segment of a cyclonic depression remote from its centre attain their highest velocity in rear of the line of lowest barometer readings, from some point to the South of West, usually from about South- west, while pressure is rapidly recovering, the wind having been comparatively moderate from North- westward while pressure was diminishing. The high velocity of the wind on the outskirts of a depression in rear of its centre may be attributed partly to the proximity of the high-pressure belt situated to the north of the Westerly air current, and partly to the rapid recovery of pressure that takes place by replenishment of air from a polar quarter. The paths followed by centres of cyclonic depressions vary with the season ; the parallels along which they move to the eastward depending mainly upon the position of the tropical high-pressure belt which consists, for the most part, of the southern anticyclones of the great oceans ; which, in addition to their annual east and west expansion and contraction, have a motion North and South. The amplitude of these seasonal oscillations appears to vary in different years ; and it has been suggested that the tropical anticyclones may have a cycle of long period as well as a seasonal movement. This point will be referred to later. The average paths of the centres of cyclonic depressions depicted on the daily charts under notice have been estimated and grouped. The method employed in their construction was as follows : — The probable positions of the centres of all depressions, that can be identified day after day on four or more consecutive daily charts, were plotted on skeleton charts. Four charts were used for this purpose, one for each season of the year ; and the several positions allotted to the centre of each identical system was joined by a line. Parallel to, and bisecting as nearly as possible the areas covered by the paths indicated, a line was drawn to represent the average path. In grouping the paths in seasons, the months of September, October, November are selected to represent Spring ; December, January, February : Summer ; March, April, May : Autumn ; and June, July, August : Winter. The results obtained are as follow : — The average path of all central areas of depression charted for the entire period, October, 1901, to March, 1904, is found to have been in about the 52nd parallel. Between the meridians of 20° E. and 150° E., that is to say, over the South Indian division of the Southern Ocean, it was between the 49th and 50th parallels; and between 150° E. and 70° W., the South Pacific division, in about the 55th. The South Atlantic division of the ocean, embraced by the meridians 70° W. and 20° E., is rarely visited by ships, except on the western side ; the observations relating to that portion of the Southern Ocean are, therefore, limited almost exclusively to that side, and to that side only the average paths estimated for this division of the ocean refer. During each of the seasons the centres of depression after passing the meridian of Joinville Island, about 56° W., either struck eastward or south-eastward; or moved cast-north-eastward or north-eastward. In the Spring of the year the average path taken by centres of depression is found to have been between * ' The Tracks of Ocean Wind Sjutcms in Transit across Australasia," quoted on p. 9. 17 tin- Iii'li.in .li\ i>i..n, .uid between the 84th and the 55th in th. I'M ill- The < rntres entered the on on or near the 58th parallel, thence about one third of them moved north-eastward, and the remainder pMMd between Danco Land and the South Orkney*. During the- in.. nt h» the 5Srd WM the avenge parallel along which the centres travelled eastward in tho .'.n i.:,.n, and they followed a path between the 56th and 57th in that of the Pacific. After pawing the 56th meridian of W. longitude, about half the «-ntral areas of depression travelled East-south-east between Palmer Land and Danco Land and the South Orkneys, and the other half passed away to the- north-eastward. 1 hiring Autumn and Winter the paths were confined to cones between 48* S. and 49* 8. in th.- South Indian division, and between 55* 8. and 56* 8. in the Pm-iti- After entering the Atlantic n, i.iih.-r less than one thin) <>f the .mires moved east-south-eastward or eastward across Danco nt between Danco Land .-md tin- South Orkneys, the remainder passing east-north-eastward or eastward into the Athmtir. A few crossed Tierra del Fuego or the southern extremity of I' • The paths of c-v, I..HK centres are found to have been more scattered during the Autumn and Winter months than in Spring and Summer in all part* of the Southern Ocean. i !.>nic storms, presumably of tropical origin, are represented on each of the charts on which the central positions of Summer and Autumn depressions were plotted, but they are confined to the western a of the Pacific divisi-.ii <>f the Southern Ocean. These appear to have moved into the Tasman Sea from the north-westward, one in the Summer of 1901 and one in each of the Autumns of 1902 and 1903. The centre of the 1902 storm moved south-eastward to the north-west coast of New Zealand, then. < south, passing through Cook Strait, and subsequently zigzagged to the eastward. It can be identified on the daily charts from a position in about 34' S., 169$" E., on the 12th December to a position in about 54 J S., 148}* W., on the 19th of that month, representing a travel of 2187 nautical miles, at an average rate of translation of 312 nautical miles per day. The cyclones of the Autumns of 1901 and 1903 moved east-south-eastward after crossing the 30th parallel, but cannot be traced to the eastward of the 180th meridian. The tropical disturbance of December, 1901, above mentioned, is not the only cyclonic depression that can be traced on the daily charts for a number of days consecutively. Similar instances of identification, day after day, of such systems after their initial location can be cited as follows : — March 7-15, 1902. From 56 S., 146' W. to 55* 8., 80* W. - 2243 miles; 280 miles per day. May 2-10, 1902. From 53" S., 102' E. to 47' S., 175* E. - 2840 miles; 355 miles per day. May 29-June 5, 1902. From 47 J" S., 17* E. to 60* 8., 83* E. = 2433 miles; 34« miles per day. September 2-9, 1902. From 57' S., 80* E. to 47' S., 131 J* E. - 2510 miles ; 359 miles per day. May 16-23, 1903. From 54' S., 131' W. to 58' S., 72* W. - 1995 miles ; 285 miles per day. ;.tember 21-29, 1903. From 47J* 8., 89' E. to 50J* S., 130* E. - 1625 miles; 203 miles per day. December 10-17, 1903. From 40' S., ISO* E. to 55' S., 171* E. - 1890 miles; 270 miles per day. February 8-15, 1904. From 40* S., 164* E. to 52J* S., 166* W. - 1890 miles; 270 miles per day. If ihe centres of the respective cyclonic depressions have been correctly located, the average 1 1 " -: 1 - *. •J 1 - „ !N » to - - 2 •. woo i 1 N 1 eq 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 K " * S i - s a :-:, « , 1 » 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 S 2 S 53 B O **• O — — b- « -H " \ \ - | -H « M 1 1 1 1 K »- « *- '•- s a s 1 O> "7 00 9 1 1 - - - 1 -| 71 1* « - n • S § § § Y j §11 7 ill 2 § i I ^ § S § J ill 2 3 ^ *•* ^ ^- — — , ^ I <»0a> 1 fcH W 0) I5!? 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PM 1 " i i 1 1 1 • * K a « 1 - - s » " ' n n - 1 1 1 i 1 .? • o " «H a " i i • •> ~ « £ 4 1 1 i i 1 1 1 k' j 5 • 2 •• — TS " 1 " i i - . • J > ^ | ' k* 1 S X 5 . *• — fc -p " 1 " i It « * 3 - * • - « « » p C 1 1 1 i " - 1 — ri qp OS a X S * 1 1 1 - i ' 1 1 1 ri • * •: - - n — * 3? 1 1 i i i - - «J R " •; • i R x « o •§ J3 1 1 1 i i 1 1 1 . * -0 rs * - » • •n .a J3 * | « « '. 8 8 * s § — e 2 • . ' > R tA'f ;- - S * ^ i 1 1 1 1 1 k' H R - • R X 3 = « s "S - - H • i » » 9« i P 5 J - i k° «» § I S fc ** 1 ri | rf S - » s R 2 9 * - " 1 . « «» »• ri « — B« Xtl 3 ri * n - 9 " R •• ; • . 1 1 1 5 R - 8 S R • 9 — • • i n K II • - R £ ' a R 3 i i M * to j i ** • ii . ii • !! i i !! i « \ M -- -c" M i*i ;>; 24 TABLE V. — Directions from which the Largest and Smallest Percentages of Winds were recorded in each of the Zones, 30°-40° S., 40°-50° S., 50°-60° S., in the Three Divisions of the Southern Ocean, viz., Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian. SPRING: September, 1902-3; October, 1901-3; November, 1901-3. Zone. Pacific. Atlantic. Indian. Largest percentage. Smallest percentage. Largest percentage. Smallest percentage. Largest percentage. Smallest percentage. 30°-40° S. 17 '3 S. 7-2 W. 16 -8 S.E. 7 -IE. 20 "9 S.W. 5-8E. 40°-600 S. 50°-60°S. 17 -1 N. ; 16 -3 S.W. 23-TN.W.j 21-6 S.W. 5 -9 E. and S.E. 1 -0 S.E. 23 -8 N. and N.W. 29 '2 N.W. 2 -9 E. and S.E. ; 3-8S. 0 -0 E. and S.E. ; 2 -1 N.E. and S. 19-8S.W.; 19-1 W.; 18 -7 N.W. 39 -3 N. 2-OE. 0 -0 S.E. and S. G-ALES. 30°-40°S. 1-1 S. 0-OE., S.E., N.W. 1'OS. 0 -0 N. and E. 1-2 W.j 1'OS.W. 0-1N. 40°-50'S. 60°-60°S. 2 -3 S.W. 1 -6 8.W. 0 -0 E. and S.E. O-ON.E.-S.E. 1 -9 S.W. and W. 6 -3 S.W. 0 -0 N.E.-S. 0 -0 N.E.-S. 1 -1 S.W. No gales 0-OE.; 0-1 S.E. ; 0-2 N.E. recorded. TABLE VI. — Directions from which the Largest and Smallest Percentages of Winds were recorded in each of the Zones, 30°-40* S., 40°-50° S., 50°-GO° S., in the Three Divisions of the Southern Ocean, viz., Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian. SUMMER: December, January, February, 1901-2, 1902-3, 1903-4. Zone. Pacific. Atlantic. Indian. Largest percentage. Smallest percentage. Largest percentage. Smallest percentage. Largest percentage. Smallest percentage. 30°-*OPS. 40°-60°S. 50°-60°S. 10 -6 8. 15 -4 S.W. j 14 -8 N.E. 22 -6 N.W. j 19 -4 N.; 19 -0 W. 7 -6 E. , 8 -0 W. 7-4E. 3 -1 E. and S.E. 20 -1 N. 23 -7 N. 25 -3 N.W. ; 24 -1 N. 6 -6 W. i 7-2 S.W. i 7-7E. 4 -4 S.E. 4 -3 E. and S.E. -, 6-1 8. 21 -7 S.W. j 20 -5 S. 21 -7 S.W. ; 20-ON.W.; 19 -4 W. 31 -8 N.W. 6 -5 N.W. 1-8E. 0 -0 N.E. and S.E. GALES. 80°-40°8. 40°-60°S. 60°-60° 8. 0 -2 8. and N.W. 1 -8 N.W. 1 -9 N.W. O-ON.-S.E.; S.W. ; W. 0-OE. and 8. 0 -2 N.E.-8. 0-28. 0 -9 N.W. 2-5N. 0 '0 on every other point. O-ON.-E.; 8. 0 -0 N.E.-S. 0 -6 S.W. 1-4W. No gales 0 -0 N.E. j S.E. ; S.i N.W. 0 -0 E. and S.E. recorded. TABLE VII.— Direction* from which the Largest and Smallest Percentages of Winds were recorded in each of the Zone*, 30'-40 S., 40'-WT S., 50*-60* S., in the Three Divisions of the Southern Ocean, viz., Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian. AUTUMN: March, 1902, 1903, 1904; April, 1902, 1903; May, 1902, 1903. / Mfe Atlantic. Indian. Small** pmSBiaja, L«r|Mt pmtwnUf*. SmallMt iwrernUgr. 1 . - •• acr-ws. 19-08. 16 -9 5. | 16 -4 8.W. 83 -3 N.W. 5 •• X.W.i 7 -OK. S 4E| 6-6S.E. MB. 18-18.1. 17 -7 1C. 81 -8 W.W.i 19 -8N. 7-«B-i 8-18.W. 1-5K. 8 -68.B. » Latgnt percentage. W _* flU It mt II ••!!! •lite BM •Mori 80-81 7-7 E.I 80W. 14 -8 N.W.i 14 -oaK. 7 6E.i 8-15.E. 19-eaw. 6-8 VJC. 4fr-W8. 80-88.W. 4-9 K. 81 H K. and 5.W. 8-8 B. 88 -8 aw. 81 N.E. andE. vr-wa. 16-68.W.|14-7X.W. 6-6 K. 8i -s aw. 5 1 N.E. andE.i 6 38.E. 40-OM.W. 0«N.K.| E. i aW. * OALBS. W-VT8. 1-4 a 0-ON. andN.E. 0-85.W. 0 -0 X.E.-S. 1 4 8.W. Of E.and8Jt. n n - 8 -8 8.W. MM) N .W. o-oir. 8 4 IC.W. 0-ON.K. .nd E. 8 -8 aw. 0-05.E. andE. 1 Kf-W 8. 8-8W. 0-OE. 8-8 N. 0-0 Scandal, 80-Olf.W. 0 -0 If .-W. 26 TABLE IX. — Directions from which the Largest and Smallest Percentages of Winds were recorded in each of the Zones, 30°-10° S., 40°-50° S., 50°-60° S., in the Three Divisions of the Southern Ocean, viz., Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian. ALL SEASONS : October, 1901, to March, 1904. Zone. Pacific. Atlantic. Indian. Largest percentage. Smallest percentage. Largest percentage. Smallest percentage. Largest percentage. Smallest percentage. 30°-40°S. 40°-50°S. 60°-60°S. 18 -2 S. 17 -1 S.W. 21 -1 N.W. 7 '8 E. ; 8 -5 W. ; 9 -1 N.W. 6 -IE.; 7 -5 S.E. 4 -8 S.E. ; 4 -0 E. 15 -9 S.E. 24 -0 N. 24 -7 N.W. ; 22 -ON. 7-5E. 3 -4 E. ; 4-1 S.E. 4 -0 S.E. ; 4 -3 E. 20 -7 S.W. 21-0 S.W. j 18 -1W.; 18 -0 N.W. 26-9N.J 23 -5 W. 7-3E.; 77N.E. 2-4E. 1 -2 S.E. GALES. 30°-40°s. i-os. 0-2E. 0-6 S.W. and N.W. 0-OE. 0 -9 S.W. and W. 0 -1 E. and S.E. 40°-50°S. 50°-60°S. 1 -5 S.W. 2 -0 W. and N.W. 0-2E. 0-1E. 1 -4 S.W. i 1 -3 W. and N.W. 2 -7 N. and W. 0 -0 N.E. and E. 0 -0 S.E. 1 -5 S.W. 3 -5 N.W. 0-1E. O-ON.E.-S.j W. TABLE X. — Directions from which the Largest and Smallest Percentages of Winds were recorded in the Southern Ocean in the Eespective Seasons during the Years 1901 to 1904 ; also in All Seasons during that Period, Largest percentage. Smallest percentage. (1) Spring. 15 -9 S W • 15 -6 W • 16 '3 N W 5 -0 E (2) Summer 19 -4 S W. • 14 -7 N.W. 5-7 E 16 '2 S W • 14 '2 N W and N 5 "5 E (4) Winter 21 -5 S W • 15 '4 S • 16 '0 N W 6-8 E 18 -1 S W • 14 '7 N W 5-5 E (1) Spring GALJS. 1 -3 S W O'l E 0 '8 N W and W 0 -1 N E -S (3) Autumn 1 -2 S W • 1 •! W O'l E (4) Winter 1 -8 W • 1 7 S W 0'2 E (5) All seasons 1 -1 S W and W • 0'9 N W O'l E KEY MAP. EXPLANATION. The Daily and Mean. Afon/Aty chart* in thin vvlumr are bated on dail\ absrna&ong recorded1 at place* indicated an. At akm-e chart , in ajiditivn to those rrcriwd from Shipf t-f thr RiryoJ. Navy and Mrrcantlir Marino. Tkt rrd and kluf Unrf on tkr ckartm of than. Monthly, and SormaLjtor Trmprraiure or* llothtrmt or Une» of Equal. 4o\t. tnvtt in blur la of 29 6 in* and belt** Tnr *m-d* ~Hiah" and itm-'on tne Daify cnart* art tntr o ductd -wntrf pr r**ur+ IM tayhf.it or lamest in antuyclonts and dtprttuionm rtapectturet} Fiyum* in black reftr to Air Temperature, the afro* tie Wind The latter t'fy »"A tnt »ind . the force of whicft.ynen in number* of the Bfou/hrt Scat*. I* mhtmn. ** lt ttt . INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. I9OI SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES OCTOBER I 1901 OCTOBER 1901 OCTOBER 3 1901 OCTOBER I4tf" ISO' 160' 170* !•<>• 170* I6(T ISO* KO' 0- 2O' 30" 40' 1*0' ISO" 160' 170' l«0' 170' l»0' 4O* SO" 20" For explanation see Key map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION •..•:'< : v . ••• 1901 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SCA-LCVCt PRtSSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES OCTOBER 5 1901 OCTOBER 1901 OCTOBER 7 1901 OCTOBER For ««pl»n«.lion ••• K«y »»p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. 1901 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES OCTOBER 9 1901 OCTOBER 10 ISO' 160' 170* l»0' 170' IgQ* ISO" 140' 30' M1 '0' c' 10* 20' SO' 40* 14O' ISO' ISO' 170' 180' HO' 160' ISO' (901 OCTOBER II 1901 OCTOBER (Z ISO* 160' I7O' 180' 170' l«0' 150' 140' 4O* 3O* 20* 20' 50' 4O* For explun* t.ion »ee Key map 1901 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WIND* ANO AIR TEMPERATURES OCTOBER 13 I9OI OCTOBER 14 5^- •rt^* +t 1901 OCTOBER For ticplan*.tion ••• K«y «»p I9OI INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES OCTOBER 17 1901 OCTOBER 18 14O" ISO" 160" 170* 160* 170* 160 150 140* 1M 120 SO* 20' 10* 0" 10* 20' 30' 40 I4O" ISO" 160" 170" ISO* 170* 160 150* 140' SO" 20" 10* 0* 10* ZO* 30" 40* 1901 OCTOBER 19 I9OI OCTOBER 20 4O" ISO" 160" 170* l«0* 170* WMT ISO* 140" 140" ISO" I6O* 170* 160* 170* 160" 150" 140" For expln.na.tion see Key m«.p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION 1901 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LEVEL PRESSURE TOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES OCTOBER 21 1901 OCTOBER 1901 OCTOBER 23 I9OI OCTOBER For ••• K«y »»p 1901 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. OCTOBER 25 1901 OCTOBER i4O' iso' iw iTO' i>o* go* leo iso* 140' so' 26* ^ 10 *:4W> >. K ao' so' I4O* l»0' l«0' 170' 160' 170' l«0' ISO' 140' 40" For explanation »ee K«y map 1901 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVCL **CSSURE TOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER 6 1901 NOVEMBER 1901 N OVE. M B E R For •Bpl»n«.tion ••« Key »»f> I9OI INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER IO 1901 NOVEMBER II 140" ISO' 160' 170 180 170- I6O ISO 50 20 10 0 10- 20 30 140" ISO" I6O* 170" J?-' 160' r70* 160 150 140" 3O- 20' IO"-U-P 0" 10 20 30" 1901 NOVEMBER 12 1901 NOVEM BER 13 1*0" ISO" l«0" 170" l«0' 170' 160 130" 140' 140* ISO" 160" 170" jj60' 170' 160 ISO 140' so" ao" 10' 10" 20" _ so" _ 40' For explain.! ion gee Key 1901 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA-LCVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT M/ITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER 14 1901 NOVEMBER 1901 NOVEMB E R 16 1901 NOVEMBER 17 \kv >, • -r / \ 1 1. ' < X I m *1 £-S For Key »»K INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. /9OI SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER 18 1901 NOVEMBER 19 1*0* iso' leo' )X' i»o* 170* ito ISP' oc ti X' K' 10' O' 10* 20' 30' I4O' ISO' l«0' 170* 180' 170' 160* ISO' I9OI NOVEMBER 20 1901 NOVEMBER 1*0* ISO' l»0' I7O' 160" 170 160 ISO' so' ao*« 10 o' 10' zo' so' *o For explc.na.tion see Key m«.p • • I9OI INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OT SEA LEVEL PRESSURE fOR NOON CUT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER ZZ I9OI NOVEMBER 1901 NOVEM BE.R 24 I9OI NOVEMBER For «xpl«.n».tion •«• K«y • V • 'tit' INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. I9OI SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER Z6 1901 NOVEMBER 27 I4O* IBO* 160* 170* 180* no* ICO ISO* 140* ri 3O' 20* X'°* 0* 10' 20' JO* 40* 140* ISO* ISO* 170* WO* 170* 160* ISO" 140* 1901 NOVEMBER 28 1901 NOVEMBER For explanation see Key map 5 ;•*.;; '•./ / *. ;. t90i INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER 30 1901 DECEMBER * « . « • For »•• K«y INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION I9OI SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 4- I9OI DECEMBER ]«O" ISO* 160* 170' J»0" 170 l«0 ISO' 140' 3O* 20" TO 0" 10" 20" 30" 140* ISO* 160* 170 160^ 170 160 lap' JO* 20* 10* 0' 10* 20* 30* 1901 DECEMBER 140' WO" WO" 170" :«0" 170- l«0- 180- 1+0* For expla.na.tion see Key map •./»•< : V. '• INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION •VNCMRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVCL »»RCSSURC fOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TCMPCRATURCS DECEMBER 8 1901 DECEMBER 1901 DECEMBER For •spl«n«.tt«n §•• K«v ' I9OI INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE TOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 12 I9OI D E C El M B El R 13 MO* ISO' ISO' 170' ISO' 170* 160 ISO' 140" to' SO' 20' 10' 0* 10* 20' 30' 40' 140" ISO* 160* 130" 180' 170" 160* 150" UO - 30' 20' 10' 0* 10' 20' 30' I9OI DECEMBER 14 I9OI DECEMBER 15 SO1 40* 140' IgQ" l«0' 170' . l«Q.Vi 170' 160' ISO" 10' 20' 30" For cxpla.na.tion see Key map •Jix-IV •:'•: ' INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CUT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 16 1901 DECEMBER 190) DECEMBER IB IOOI DECEMBER IP' ny "-w^i'2. "• JP^ iS^ V •t&\^ For K«y »»|' INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. 1901 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 2O 1901 DECEMBER 21 MO* no* i»o' i70' leo iso 0" 20* 30" 40 150 140 0' 20' JO' 1901 DECEMBER 22 1901 DECEMBER 23 170' l«0' HOP 140' 40' ISO' l«0' 170' 160- 170" 160" For explanation see Key m«.p 1901 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 24 1901 DECEMBER 1901 DECEMBER 26 1901 DECEMBER «.\ * . L0« -?.:• • • For »icpl»r>».tion §•• Key »»p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION 1901 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 28 1901 DECEMBER 29 140* ISO* ieO* 170* « ISO* 170* 160* 150* 40* 50' 20* 10* 0* 10" 2O* 30" 3O" 20" 10* 0* 10* 20" 50" 1901 DECEMBER 30 1901 DECEMBER 170' WO* 170 ISO ISO' 140 For •xpl&nA.tion tec Key 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY I 1902 JANUARY 1902 JANUARY For Key • INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. I9O2 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY 5 I9O2 JANUARY 140' ISO' 160' 170- 160- 170" 160' 4O* SO' 20' 10' O* 10* 20' 50' 40 140* ISO' 160' 170' ,g,>«0' 170' l«0* ISO' 140' 30* 20" 10* 0* 10" . 20" 30' 40 1902 JANUARY 7 I9O2 JAN UARY 40* 30" IP' >JO\ 0* 10* »O* SO* 40* I4O* IK)' l«0* 170' 160' 170* 160' ISO* 140* 40* For explanation see Key ma.p 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OT SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CUT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY 9 1902 JANUARY 10 For explanation *•• Key • . • • . 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. JANUARY 13 1902 JANUARY I4O' ISO' ISO' 170 180^ 170 IBO ISO l«0' 170 ISO' 170 ISO SO 20 10* 0 10* 20 30' SO 20 10 0 10 20 30 1902 JANUARY 15 1902 JAN UARY 16 MO* 180" ieo' ITO* ICQ' i7o* leo iso 30' 40* 140* ISO' «o' so' For expl«na/tion sec Key map 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION • YNCMBONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LEVEL mCStUHE fOR NOON CMT. WITH WIND* AND AIM TEMPERATURES JANUARY 17 1902 JANUARY ••nv. OF • *•• * . .iFORM I9O2 JANUARY 19 1903 JANUARY For K«y « /•. • • •!"•'• ".'• •• •>';•::..::•:.:••:.:•.• I9O2 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY 21 I9O2 JANUARY 22 3O* 20* 10* O* 10' 20' 30* 40" 14O* ISO* 160* 170" 180* 170* 160* ISO* SO" 20" * " 10* 0^ 10* 20* 30* 40* I9O2 JAN UARY 23 1902 JANUARY 24 150* l«0" 170* 160* 170* 160 ISO* 140* SO* 40* I4O* l»0* l«0* 170* 160" 170" 160 ISO* 3O" 20" 10" O* 10* For explanation see Key map 1902 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA-LCVCL PRCSSUME fOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS ANO AIR T E M P C R ATU RC S JANUARY 2S I9O2 JANUARY .". • • •..'• 26 JANUARY 27 1902 JANUARY 40' 140* lie' no' cxf -* ••/ • % L J Lj 1 X For K«y * /*• * «***•• ••••'••:..:; V:-' I9O2 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY 29 I9O2 JANUARY 30 140' ISO' ISO* 4O* 30' 20* 10' 0' 10' 20' 30* MO* ISO* 160* 170* 180* 170* 180* ISO* no* L« SO* 20* 10* 0* 10* 20* 3O* 1902 JANUARY 31 1902 FEBRUARY I4O* ISO* 1«0* 170* 180* I7CT I805 ISO* 140* ri rf 1*0* ISO* ISO* 170* WO* 170* 160* ISO* 140* SO* 20* 10* 0* 10* 20 30 40 For explanation see Key map |«02 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA-LCVCt PRCSSUMC fOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TCMPCRATURCS FEBRUARY a I9Q2 FEBRUARY K7* /TT' ' 1 1902 FEBRUARY 4 1902 FEBRUARY For K«y <••? '.. A !. n:T/ ."/;••! 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES FEBRUARY 6 1903 FEBRUARY l«0 170 I80- 170' 180 ISO 140' 40- X 20- ID' 0- 10' 20' 30' 40' SO 20" 10 O' 10" 2O' 30" 40' 1902 FEBRUARY For explanation >ee Key m«,p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LEVEL PMCS9URF row NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM Tf MPfRATURfS FEBRUARY 10 I9OZ FEBRUARY . II I90Z FEBRUARY For ««pl«.n».tion ••« K«y ••f INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES FEBRUARY 14- I9O2 FEBRUARY 15 140* ISO" 160* 170 ISO 170 140' ISO' 160' 170' 180' 170' 160' ISO' 140' SO' 20' "o'lO' 0' 10' 20' 30' 1902 FEBRUARY 16 1902 FEBRUARY 140' ISO' l«0 170 l«0' 170' ISO" ISO so ao 10 o io- zo 30- For explanation »ee Key m«.p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES FEBRUARY 10 1902 FEBRUARY 1902 FEBRUARY For •-.5' INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. FEBRUARY 22 1902 FEBRUARY 140* ISO* 160* 170 180 170 160 ISO +0* ISO* 170* ISO* 170* 160* ISO JO* 20 10* 0 10 20 30* 40 40* SO 10 10 0" 20 30 1902 FEBRUARY 24- 1902 FEBRUARY 25 40* JO* 20* 10' 40* SO* O* 10* 20' 30* 4O* For explanation »ee Key m«.p 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. C. -V- : A • • ...... '•'«*«••••••, SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE TOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS ANO AIR TEMPERATURES FEBRUARY 26 1902 FEBRUARY For «jcpl«.n«.tion ••• K«y »»p 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH 2 1902 MARCH 1902 MARCH 4 1902 MARCH 10 20 so «o I«O' 170' 160' 170' 160* Kl 7C 10 SO SO" 4O" For explanation »«e Key map 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION^ ' A *•*• • •*• * ••*•',•'••••. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE fOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH 6 1902 MARCH 1902 MARCH 8 1902 MARCH For *xpl»na.tion §•• K«y CALi!:'0: 1902 ^INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH 10 I9OE MARCH 140" ISO" 160" 170* ISO* 170* 160 lap" 140" 30" 2O" 10" 0' I4O" ISO' 160* 170" 160* 170* 160 ISO 140* SO" 20' IP1 0" 10" 20' 30" MARCH \Z I9OE MAR C H 13 140" 180* I6O* 170" l«0" 170" 160 ISO 140" 140" ISO" 160" 170* l«0" 170* 160" ISO 140' 10" 20* 10 10* 20" JO" 40 For explanation see Key m«.p . . .. . • • •• • • • • V INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SEA LEVEL PftCSSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES MARCH 14 1902 MARCH IS \tf w 40' Iff 1902 MARCH For 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH 18 1902 MARCH 40* ISO' 160 170 180 170 I80- ISC' 1902 MARCH 20 1902 MARCH 21 i4O' IBO' leo' 170' leo' no' leo iso 140' 20' so* « •*••••*' *•*•«••••*• I90Z "INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. MARCH 26 I90Z MARCH 1*0' ISO' 160' 170' ISO" 170 160' ISO 1902 MARCH For explanation see Key map • . : : :• INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION .''•'•'' SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVCL PRCSSURC FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TCMPCRATURES MARCH 30 1902 MARCH I90Z APRIL * "-Jm * "••• For ••• K«y »»p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES APRIL 3 1902 APRIL 1902 !4O- ISO' 160' 170' ISO 170 160 ISO HO' 30' 20' 10' 0' IO' 20' 30' 30' 20' 10 0 10' 20' 30' 40' 1902 APRIL 5 I9O2 APRIL 170' ISO- 170* 180' ISO' Mtf l«0' 170' l«0' 170' 180' ISO' HO' For rxplc.iiat.ion gee Kay ;V • •• 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COO PERATION .:... A ;..'• FOR j'-.i SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Or SEA-LCVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES APRIL 7 1902 APRIL , ( • *; I9O2 APRIL •r i*o* MT •» *er or mr 1*0- >4o v^ 5-" '4.- t • v,.vv *>'** A^ ~rs- .INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES I9O2 APRIL II 1902 APRIL 12 5O 140 0 10 20 30 40 JO" 20* 10 0* 10* 20' 30' 40' 1902 APRIL 13 I9O2 APRI L 14- 3O" 4O 140' 150* 1»0' 170' KO' 170* l»0' ISO* 140' so- ao* 10' 10 2O 30 4O For explanation see Key map 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION M SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES APRIL 15 1902 APRIL 16 MO* I90Z APRIL 17 I90Z APRIL For §•• K«y »»p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. 1902 APRIL 19 1902 APRIL 20 0' 20' 50' 40' •I 40' 1902 APRIL 21 1902 APRIL 22 i4o' iso* i»o' iTO' ttcr no i«(r \so 40" Xf tO" 2O' 30' '40- .so- iio" 170s 160" fro5 ieo* iso* 140' 30* 20* 10 For »ee Key m«.p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COO PERATION'.'1 1902 •VNCMRONOU3 CHARTS Of SCA-CtVtL PRESSURE fOR NOON CM T WITH WINDS ANO AIR TC M PC RATURC S APRIL 23 I9O2 APRIL r»or 170- ttr mr 1902 APRIL For *icplftn*Uon t«» Key A -INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. 1302 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES APRIL 27 I9O2 APRIL 28 20' 30* «0" 140* ISO" I9O2 APRIL 29 1902 APRIL 30 160* ICO* 170* :60 170 160 ISO K I4O* 150' 160" 170" 160" 170" 160" ISO* 140" 40* IQ'B 20' 30" For explanation »*e Key map 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE TOR NOON CUT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MAY I 1902 MAY For ••• K«y I9O2 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. MAY 5 1902 MAY 50' 160" 170 180 170 160 150 \4O' ISO' ISO' 170' ISO' 170 160 ISO 140' 30 20 10 0 10 20 3O SO' 20' "10* * O 10 20 30' HO" 170 160' 170' 160 ISO" 140' 140* ISO* ISO' 170' ^_ 160' 170 160' ISO' JO 20 10 O 10 2O For explanation see Key m«.p •..•:'< : v . 1902 • *• INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. ''... AL! T' •YNCMKONOUS CHARTS or stA-utvet P«tssu«c roR NOON c.M.T. WITH WINDS AND At* TC M PC RATUftC S MAY 9 1902 MAY 1902 MAY II 1902 MAY For ••• K«v INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. MAY 13 1902 MAY 1902 140 ISO 160 170 180 170 160 150 140* 1902 M AY I9O2 MAY 16 140' ISO' 160' 170- ISO" 170' IBCT For explanation see Key map I9O2 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. '•.• SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVCL PRCSSURC ro* NOON CMT WITH WIND* AND AIM TCMPCRATURCS MAY 17 1902 MAY "':*•. •"::•.:: .'. : •.•:•'.:*•::.•.•. 1902 MAY For K«y »»f> - • > INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES I9O2 MAY 21 I9O2 MAY I4O* ISO* 160* 170* 180* 170* 160* 150" 140" 20" 30" 40" 140" ISO" 160" 170" ISO" 170" ISO" ISO' 4O" 3O" 20" 10* O" 10" 20" 30' 1902 M AY 23 1902 MAY 24 IgO IBQ* 170 ICO 170 160 150 »0" 20" 10* O* 10*^ 20" 30" I4O* 150" 160" I7O" 160" 170" 160* ISO" 140' 30* 20" 10^ •£&* 10" 2O* 30* For explB.na.tion aee Key ma>p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION .(..'/•. j 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE roa NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES MAY 25 1902 MAY For K«y »*p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES I9O2 M A.Y 29 I9O2 MAY 30 50 140 10" 20" 30" SO" 20' 15* 0' I90E MAY 31 I9O2 JUNE 14O* ISO* I«O* 170* l»0* 170* 160 ISO' 10- 20' SO" 40- 140* 110* l«0* I7O* 160* 170* 160* so' 20 20' 30* 4V For explanation aee Key 1902 • • : :>.::*. : •./ :'•: : v . INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION ••• .* . '.. • . ••• SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SCA-LCVCl PRtSSUHf rOR NOON C M T WITH WINDS ANO AIM TCMPCRATUMCS JUNt 2 1902 JUNE For «»pl«.n«.lion ••• Key ./INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES 1902 JUNE 6 1902 JUNE I4O' ISO' l«0' 170' l»0' 170 160 180' 140' m 0' 20' 30' 40' 140' iso' 30' 20' 010* O" 10' 20' SO' 40' 1902 JUNE 8 1902 JUNE I4O ISO ISO* 170 16£ -IA> -•**- . J, A/-/ V __ ••• lUy »»p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES 1902 JUNE 14- 1902 JUNE 3O* 20' O. 10" O 10 80 30 For explanation »ee Key m».j> • . . ..... . '<:'-:. :- 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPE RATIO*? AL1 } SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SCA-LCVtL PRESSURE fOU NOON CMT »WITM WINOt AND Al« TC M P t RATUMC S JUNE IB 1902 JUNE 1902 JUNE 20 1902 JUNE For ••plan&tion »•• Key »»p \INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES 1902 JUNE 22 I9O2 JUNE 23 140" ISO* ISO' 170* 180* 170* l«0 ISO 140' 0* 10" 20" 30 40 60 ISO 140* 1902 JUNE 140' iso' ISO' IK)' :eo' no' no" iso 140* ISO* l«0* 170* fc j<0* 170* 160* 150* 10' 20* 30* For explanation see K«y map IO2 UNIV. OF INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATIONC A LI i"OSH:' A SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA-LCVCL PUCSSURt FOR NOON CUT WITH WINDS AND AIR TCMPCRATURCS JUNE 26 1902 JUNE • .^. ; 1902 JUNE :' * .•. : :::••••:•;;. • •.•/••.:..:;• ..*:•;<•.:;/.•. >/.V.. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JUNE 30 1902 JULY I4O' ISO* 160* 170* ISO" 170* 160' ISO' 140' 40' ISO' HO' 170* _I80' 170* l»0' 150' 140' SO' 20' 10* 0' 10' 20' 30' 40 1902 JULY 2 1902 J ULY 140' ISO' ISO' I70- 160 170' ItC ISC' 140" 140' ISO' l«0' 170' 160' 170 1«0 ISO 140 10' 20' 30' 4Tf O' 10" 20" 30" 40 1902 JULY For «xpl«.n«-tion »ee Key m«.p 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION'' •VNCMRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVCL p«essu*r ro* NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AIM rCMPCMATUMCS JULY Z8 1902 JULY • • ,m £$• 1902 JULY 30 1902 JULY f •« lUy »»p • INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES AUGUST I 1902 AUGUST 0* 20" 30" 40 I9O2 BO" I«O' 170 160' 170" l«0 I50- t+O" ISO' ISO" 170' 160' 170 160 o* o 10 20 • »o- so- __»•» \1«T. o- 10- 20- # •• 30- For rxpl«.na.t ion «ee Key map . . • . 4* , . .•*•••• , • . •••••• •• V. I90Z INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OT SCA-uCVTL PRESSURF FO« NOON CMT WITH WINDS ANO AIR TCMPCRATURCS AUGUST 5 1902 AUGUST 1902 AUGUST For «iq>l».n«.tion •»• K«y » INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES AUGUST 9 1902 AUGUST 10 140* iso' 160 ire ieo- no- iso iso 3O' 2O 10 O 10 " <• £0 30' 40 140 ISO 160 JO" 20' 0" 0' 10' 20' 30' 40' I9O2 AUGUST II I90Z AUGUST 12 M 120 Sff W For explanation see Key m«.p ... • • PI • .••'••• , • •• V • • . INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LSVCL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TCMPCRATURES AUGUST 13 1902 AUGUST 14 1903 AUGUST 15 1902 AUGUST For ••• K«y »»p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. AUGUST 17 1902 AUGUST 18 ISO' 160* 170 I»* 10*, 10 ao so For explanation >ee Key map • '*.'•''. I9O2 t * ' ' '"•'• ','' '.''.*, !. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA-iEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WIND* AND AIM TEMPERATURES AUGUST 29 1902 AUGUST 1902 AUGUST 31 I90Z SEPTEMBER For t K«y a INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.MT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER 2 I90£ SEPTEMBER 140' ISO' 160* l»0' ISO* 170' 160* 150' 140' 4O' SO' JO' ' 10' O 10' 20' 30* 40 I4O 150 160 170 160 170 160 150 SO* 20' 10" 0" 10" 20" 30" 1902 SEPTEMBER 4- 1902 SEPTEMBER MV iso' 1*0 ITO :eo- 170 leo 150 140' I4O" ISO* l«0' 170' l«0' 170' 160* ISO* :«0' 20' 30' For explanation see K«y map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER 6 I90Z SEPTEMBER 1902 SEPTEMBER 8 1902 SEPTEMBER **»« « For §•• Key » 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER 10 1902 SEPTEMBER II I4O' ISO' ISO* 170' 160' no' 160 ISO* 140' * SO' 20' 10' O* 10* 20' 30' 1+0" ISO' 160" 170* 180* 170" 160" 150' JO" 20 10 O 10" 20 30' 1902 SEPTEMBER SEPTEMBER 140" l»0' 170" 160" 170' 160 1*0" iso' 160' iTO' ieo' no ieo iso' O IO 2O 3O For explanation •*« Key map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION I90E SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OT StA-LtVCL PRESSURE fOU NOON CMT WITH WIND* AND AIM TCMPCRATUAES SEPTEMBER 14 1902 SEPTEMBER I90Z SEPTEMBER 16 1902 SEPTEMBER KO* lie* HO* r^-7* «• »«r »• V1* ^ ^ For K«y INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES 1902 SEPTEMBER 18 1902 SEPTEMBER 19 ISO' l«0* 170* l»0' 170 l«0 ISO 1+0' *o' SO' 20' 10' 0' 10' 20' 30' I4O' ISO' ISO' 170' 180' 170' 180' ISO' 140' 30* 20' M* 10' °' '0* 20' 30' 1902 SEPTEMBER 20 1902 SEPTEMBER 140 ISO 1*0 170 !60 170 I«Q !50 I4O* ISO* l«0' 170' WO' 170' 1«0' ISO' 140' 4O* SO* 20" O 10* 0* 10" 20* 3O' 40* For explanation see Key 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION ^ SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OT SCA-LCVEL PWCSSUHr FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER Z2 1902 SEPTEMBER 1902 SEPTEMBER 2* 1902 SEPTEMBER For «npl»n«.lion i»» K«v INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER 26 1902 SEPTEMBER 27 I4O' ISO' ISO' 170' ISO' no' 160 150 5O" 20* 6* 10" 0* 10" 20* 30" 30* 20* "V lo* ta 0' 10' 20' 30 40 SEPTEMBER SEPTEMBER I4O' ISO' ISO' 170' 180' 170' 160 ISO' l«0 140' ISO' ISO' 170 180' 170 ISO ISO 10' 2O- SO" 40' 10 O' 10 20 30 For explanation >ee Key map 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION ^j SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER 30 I9O2 OCTOBER 1902 OCTOBER 2 1902 OCTOBER For ••• K«y •»!> '•••/A :..?•• •'.'•:'•'•*•:; /A, INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION I90Z SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES OCTOBER 4- 1903 OCTOBER if cr 10' 20' 3O' 0' SO' 20' 10" O" 10 20 30 40 OCTOBER I90E OCTOBER I4O* ISO* ItO" I JO' » :«0* 170* l«0 ISO 40' IB1 JO' 10' 0* 0' i'j' ,40* 150' I«Q* 170* l«0* 170' 160 ISO' 30' 40' For explanation see Key map !90£ INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AiR TEMPERATURES OCTOBER 6 1902 OCTOBER i J Q . OCTOBER 10 I9O2 OCTOBER t-"-r v vi»« V.. +t**\i^-' ' For •xplan*.tion •»• R«v INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES OCTOBER 12 1902 OCTOBER 50 160 170 180 HO l«0 ISO 5O' 20" 10 0 10 20 3O' 40 1902 OCTOB ER 14 1902 OCTOBER 15 140* SO' 20' 10' 0- !•' 10' SO* 40- 70* WO* 170' 160* ISO' 0' 20' 30 For explanation tee Key map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION . ''•.- A Li I'Ol SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SCA-'.CVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TCMPCRATURCS OCTOBER 16 I9O2 OCTOBER 17 -^ •* - 1902 OCTOBER For ••• Kay •&(> 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. OCTOBER 20 1902 OCTOBER 3O' 20' 10** 0* 10' 20' 30' 1902 OCTOBER 22 1902 OCTOBER For explanation aee Key map. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION • . SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SEA'EVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS ANO AIR TEMPERATURES OCTOBER 24 I9O2 OCTOBER 25 I9O2 OCTOBER 26 1902 OCTOBER 27 H«U> Lor. Ion For «xpl«.n«.tion ••« K«y INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. 1902 OCTOBER 28 1902 OCTOBER 29 140* ISO* 160* 170', 180' 170' 160 ISO* 140' SO' 20" 10* O" 10' 2O' 30' 40' 140' ISO' 160' 170* 180' 170' 160' ISO' 140' 30' 20' 10' O' ID1 ' ' 2*0' 30' 1902 OCTOBER 30 1902 OCTOBER 31 mr ITO ISO I4O' so* «on ••« Key m*.p •» «. t »-,*»•- S1 * ^ * *5- INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. 1902 NOVEMBER 5 1902 NOVEMBER 30* 20' 10' 0' 10' 2O' SO' 40' 30 20' *IO' 0^ 10" 20 50* 1902 NOVEMBER 1902 NOVEMBER nor Mr 20* so" 40* I4O* 150* I6O* 170* 180* 170' 160 ISO* 140' M For explanation see Key map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION * • •••_•'• • • , , , *••* ' •! I V . *•»• !* .-:.: I •":':•:: i-.t- - 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OT SCA-lCVEL PRESSUHK fOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER 9 1902 NOVEMBER 10 W XT 1902 NOVEMBER II 1903 NOVEMBER For «jcpl»n«.tion »« K«y • . . *• If . ••• «• «. 3. * .** * * \ *«*-*. 1902 •'INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. t SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIP TEMPERATURES. NOVEMBER 13 1902 NOVEMBER 14 1«O* ISO' 160* 170% I8tf 170' 160 ISO' 140' tcf 20' rfTy o' fa 2O' 30' 4O' 30' 20' 10' O'^O^MOlr??' 20' 30' 1902 NOVEMBER 15 1902 NOVEMBER I4O* ISO* 160' ITO* 180' 170 160' ISO' For explanation see Key map. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS ANO AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER 17 1902 NOVEMBER 1902 NOVEMBER 19 1902 NOVEMBER For §•« Key tfc t «*•«_• «-*• t • • c B * • c «* «. * t« « «.r • « c ; *,*• . » * > * • * - :- I90Z INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. NOVEMBER 21 1902 NOVEMBER 22 140* ISO* 160* 170* I8O* 170* 160 ISO* 140* >~. -: 30' 20' 10* O* 10* ZO" 30' 40' 140 ISO 160* 170 I8€T 170 160 150* |40* 1902 NOVEMBER Z3 I90Z N OVEM BER ISO* 160* 170' ISO" 170 160 ISO For explanation see Key map. I90Z INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SEA LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER 25 1902 NOVEMBER 26 1902 NOVEMBER 21 1902 NOVEMBER For tupUnfrlion ••« K«y map 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. NOVEM B ER NOVEMBER 29 1902 1902 DECEMBER I 1902 DECEMBER l«0- ISO* 160' 170*, a 180' 170' ieO" ISO' For explanation ice Key map. 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SKA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT. WITH WINDS ANO AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 3 1902 DtCCMBKR I90Z DECEMBER S 1902 DECEMBER For •jtpl»n«.t»on ••• Key »*p . % , . . - ... t *- ' . - ** » • 1 t *• * ** f *» * • • •; .tc ., V , , • . . . 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. DECEMBER 1 I9O2 DECEMBER «• so' to' 10* o* lo* 20' so- K 80 1902 DECEMBER 9 1902 DECEMBER 10 140" l«0- 170' 180- 170- 160" ISO' 140' 140' ISO* l«0' 170' 180- 170- 160" 140' 3O" For explantbtion see Key map. 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA-LCVCL PRCS4UMC fOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TCMPtRATURCS DECEMBER II I90Z DECEMBER 1902 DECEM BER 13 1902 OECEMBE R 14 FOP «jcpl«.n«.lion ••• V:: 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. DECEMBER \5 I9O2 DECEMBER 16 no 30' 20* 10' 0" 10* 20' 30' 1902 DECEMBER 17 1902 DECEMBER WO* ISO* 160' 170' 180* 170' 160' ISO' 140' For explanation see Key map. I90Z INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. : : SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA-LEVEt PRESSURE fOR NOON 6 M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 19 I90Z DCCtMBKR 1902 DECEMB E R 21 I90Z DECEMBER For • • • - . ». * . . ' ' « 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. DECEMBER 23 I9O2 DECEMBER 1902 DECEMBER MO* ISO* 160' 170' 180 170" 160" ISO 140* For explanation see Key map. • ..... , . ... -..- ••• . INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION 1902 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA LEVEL PRESSURf FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS ANO AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 27 1902 DtCtMBCR 1902 DECEMBER For •xpUn^.tion ••• Key ; 1 v . .'.'•• . v . ^ . - 1902 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 31 1903 JANUARY 130* 160" 170 180 HO 160 ISO 140 140 ISO 160 170 180 170 160 ISO 140 SO' 20' 10* 0- 10' 20' 30' 40' 10 20 30' 1903 JANUARY 2 1903 JANUARY 140 ISO I6CT 170 180 170 160 140 For explanation see Key m&p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. 1903 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND A'R TEMPERATURES JANUARY 4 I9O3 JANUARY I9O3 JANUARY KO- I»Q- tier nor i TO- .XT m For «itpl«.n«.t ion «•• Kay »»p 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. JANUARY 8 1903 JANUARY ISO 16O I/U ICU I 'U IOU ISU 1903 JANUARY 10 1903 JAN UARY For explanation see Key map. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION 1903 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY 12 1903 JANUARY -f -V >•< 1903 JANUARY 14 I9O3 JANUARY 15 MO* no* tOr So* no" Mtf i«cr \ For «icpl«.n«.Uon •»• Key »»p 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY 16 1903 JANUARY 17 4O* 3O* 2O' 10* 0' 10* 20" 30' 40' 1*0* ISO" 160" 170* 180* 170* 160" ISO* SO* 20* 10* 0' 10" 20* 30* 40* 1903 JANUARY 18 1903 JAN UAR Y I4O" ISO* 160" 170 180* 17O* ISO* ISO 140" 160* 170 180" 170" 160" ISO" 140' For explanation see Key map ' . 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SEA LEVEL PRESSURE fOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY ZQ 1903 JANUARY 1903 JANUARY Z2 1903 JANUARY For t*t Key »»p - '," * 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY 24 1903 JANUARY 25 I4O* l»0* I«O* 170' ISO* 170' 160 ISO* 140' 40' SO* 20* 10* 0* 10* 20* 30" 40* 140* ISO* 160* 170* tftO* 170* 160* 150* 140" SO* 2O* 10* 0* 10* 20* 30* 40* 1903 JANUARY 26 1903 JANUARY 20' 10* O* 10 20 30* 40 For explanation »ee Key map • ••'.-• •• • • • • CALIFQR 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. I SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES JANUARY 28 1903 JANUARY 1903 JAN UARV For K«y •;••.;. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. I9O3 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. FEBRUARY I 1903 FEBRUARY 30* 160" 170' ISO' 170* 160 ISO* 10* 20' 30' 140* ISO' 160' 170* 180' 170° 160° ISO' 3O* 20* 10* 0* 10" 20' 30* 1903 FEBRUARY 3 1903 FEBRUARY 140* ISO* l«0* 170* ISO I7O 160' ISO* 140 I4O* ISO* ISO* 170 180* 170* 160* ISO For explanation see Key m«,p. • . :••:.:•; 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA-LCVCL PRESSURE roR NOON CUT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES FEBRUARY 3 I9O3 FEBRUARY HT TT TT "• I9O3 FEBRUARY 7 1903 FEBRUARY For «icpl«.n«.t ion ••• Kay map B» : ; • *•,"• * - -.* 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES FEBRUARY 9 I9O3 FEBRUARY 10 I4O* 180' 160 170 ISO 170 160 ISO 140 SO* 20* 10* 0s 10* 20' 30' 40' 140* ISO' 160' 170' 180' 170' 160' ISO' 140* d 4O' 30' 20' 10' O* 10' 20* 3O' 40* I9O3 FEBRUARY II I9O3 FEBRUARY 140* ISO* I«O* 170* l»0* 170* l«0* HO* 30* 20* 10* tO* 3O* 60' 160* 170 160' 170' 160 ISO' SO* 20* 10 10* 20* 30* For explanation tee Key map. • . . * * * *•••-* * • * •• . ; •• • ', .»•••*. ' * •• . • . • • *•*• * INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION 1903 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SCA LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES < FEBRUARY 13 1903 FEBRUARY 1903 FEBRUARY For •cplbnc.tion >•• Key I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES FEBRUARY 17 I9O3 FEBRUARY I9O3 FEBRUARY 19 I9O3 FEBRUARY 20 140' ISC' IW 170' 180' 170' ISC' ISO' 140* ISO* ISO* 170 180' 170" 160 ISO' SO 20 10 O" 10 tO 3O* 4O" 40' 30' 20' 10 O' 10 20 30' 40 For explc.na.tion see Key map. • • • * « 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA-LCVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES FEBRUARY 21 I9O3 FEBRUARY 1903 FEBRUARY 23 1903 FEBRUARY For •Kpl»n«.tinn ••• K«y 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES FEBRUARY 25 1903 FEBRUARY 26 160" 170 ISO 170 160 ISO AlO^ 0s »r 10' 30' 40' 140' .50' 160" 170' 180' 170" 160* ISO* M) SO' 20* " 10' 0^ 10' 20' 30' 40' I9O3 FEBRUARY 27 1903 FEBRUARY 140- ISO' 160' 170' ISO' 170' !«0" ISO" 140' 140* ISO' 160' 170 180' 170' ISO* ISO SO" 2O" 10 10' 20' 30' For cxpla.na.tion see Key in&p : •'- •.-.••.:..:: V: 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF StA LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH I I9O3 MARCH 1903 MARCH 3 1903 MARCH For §•• K«y 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. MARCH 5 1903 MARCH 5O 20 10 0" 10 20 SO' 40 1903 MARCH 7 1903 MARCH 8 140 150 I6O 170 180 170 160 140 For explanation see Key map. • INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA LEVEL PRESSURE row NOON CUT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH 9 I9O3 MARCH 1903 MARCH II I9O3 MARCH For •xpl&n&tton ••• K«y »»p 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH 13 1903 MARCH 14O* ISO* 160' 170' HO' 170' 190 ISO 140' 3O" 20" 10* 0* 10" 20" 30" 140* ISO" 160" 170 180 170 3O" 20* 10" 0* 10" 20' 30' 1903 MARCH i4O* iso* i«o" ITO" 180" 170 leo iso 40 160 I/O ISO 170 160 30" 20' 10" 0 10 20 40" SO" 20" 10" For explanation see Key ro«,p. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION • SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA LEVEL PRESSURE TOR NOON CUT WITH WIND* AND AIM TEMPERATURES MARCH 17 I9O3 MARCH I9O3 MARCH 19 1903 MARCH • f+t For *Kpl»n*lion ••• Key mmf 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH 21 19O3 MARCH 22 140' ISO* 160' 170' ISO' 170 190* ISO 140" 150* 160" 170 ISO 170 160 ISO 140 JO 20' 10 0 10 20 SO 1903 MARCH 83 1903 MARCH For explanation see Key ma/p I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SEA LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES tS IOO3 MARCH 1903 MARCH 27 I9O3 MARCH For ••• K«y . " AM • .. -•--• i9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH 29 1903 MARCH 3O *O 150 160 70 160 3O' 20' 10* O* 10* 20' 30' 140* ISO* 160' 170' 180' 170' ISO' ISO' 140* SO' 20* 10' 0' 10' 20' 30' 40' 1903 MARCH 140 150 160 170 180 170 160 For explanation see Key map 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVCL PRtSSURt FOR NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AIR TCMPCRATURC3 APRIL 2 I9O3 APRIL 1903 APRIL IOO3 APRIL For A. I . "- I ' * * . ' 1 • • ' »»»-," * * c *vc v J * K \ t. *p •« itfcfctw* 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. APRIL 6 1903 APRIL 180* 170' ieo' no ie/ 30* 20" 10* 0* 10* 20* 30* 40* For explana-tion see Key in&p 100.1 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WIND* AND AIM TEMPERATURES APRIL *-"„ ••• •J&-~*P^+w y " ^T>- V v For ••« K«y 1903 INTERNATIONAL 'ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MAY 8 I9O3 MAY SO" 2O* 10' 0' 10 20 50 1903 MAY 10 1903 MAY 160* IW ISO" 170" 160- I50- 1+0' 1*0* ISO* I6D' I7CT 180" 170' ISO For expla.na.Uon see Key map. 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVCL PACSSUNF FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MAY 1C 1903 MAY I9O3 MAY For »jtpl»n«.t ion §•• Key »»p I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MAY 16 I9O3 MAY 17 70' 160 ISC' 40' SO' 20' 10' 0* I0- 2O' 30' 140* SO' 20* 10' 0- 10' 20' 30 I9O3 MAY 18 1903 MAY 19 MO* ISO' I«O" 170* ISO* ITO5 l«0* Off 140' SO* 20* 10^ O' IO' 20* SO" 4O" 150' 160' 170" 180* 170* ISO* ISO' -•• 30' K' 10' O' 10' 30 40 For expla.na.tion see Key mavp INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES MAY 2O 1903 MAV 1903 MAY For K«y INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. 1903 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GM.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MAY 24 19 O 3 MAY 30' ISO* 170' ISO' no' 160' SO* 140' : 20' 10' 0* 10' 20' 30" 1*0* ISO* 160* 170" 180" 170* 160* 150" SO' 20" 10s 0" 10' 20' 30" 40" 1903 M AY 26 I9O3 MAY 140' ISO" l«0" 170" IBO" 170" ISO' ISO' 1401 For axpla.na.tion see Key ma/p 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES MAY 28 1903 MAY « • . • • * •• . •.•••.:..:: ... : S£^L2^^££L___i£L__££ //* ' fTf I9O3 MAY 30 I9O3 M AY For explanation •»• K«y 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G M T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JUNE I I9O3 JUNE I4O 130 160 170 160 170 160 ISO 140 40 ISO 160 170 180 170 50' 20" 10 0* 10 2O* 1O* O IO 2O 3O 40 I9O3 JUNE 1903 JUNE For explan«/tion see Key map • 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA LEVEL PRCSSUHF FOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES JUNE 5 1903 JUNE 1903 JUNE 7 1903 JUNE >?'. J i?""«^^ ^V^ Tf For i .01. »•» K«y 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JUNE 9 I9O3 JUNE 10 I4O* ISO* 160" 170" 180" 170* 160* 150* 140" 30* 20" 1O' 20" 50" 40" 140* ISO* 160" 170" IBO* 170" 160" ISO" 140" 40" 50" 20" »°lg 1903 JUNE II 1903 JUNE 12 140" ISO" 160" 170 180" 170" 160" ISO For fxpla.ii at inn ate Key m«,p I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA LEVEL PRESSURE roR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JUNE 13 1903 JUNE C/v- • • ...... -i>. 3 JUNE t-r V .. . . > iJ^^P^if™TF^™T? For «icpl«.n«.tion ••• Key «»p I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G M T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JUNE 17 I9O3 JUNE 18 SO" 20 10 0' 10 10 30 I4O" 130' 160' 170* 180' 170* ISO* ISO' 140" 140" 150" 160" 170" 180* 170" 160" 150* 1903 JUNE 19 1903 JUNE For explanation see Key map 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVEL PRESSURE roR NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JUNE 2i 1903 JUNE 1903 JUNE 23 1903 JUNE For «»pl»n»t ion ••• K«y ••;• 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JUNE 25 1903 JUNE. 70' I»(T WSC 140' 140* ISO' 160' 170' ISO' 170' 160' ISO' 140' 30' 40' 40* SO* 20' 10' 20' SO' 1903 JUNE 27 1903 JUNE 28 I«O* 170 ISO' 170' l«0 ISO' 140 140* ISO* 160* 170" ISO* 170* I6C" ISO" 140* so* ao* 10' o' 10' 20' 30* 40' For explanation eee Key m«.p . '«*•*••«•*• ••• • . 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OT SEA LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AiR TEMPERATURES JUNE, 29 1903 JUNE. 30 * ta ^... i g V^ . « . V I9O3 J U LY For K«y »»p • 1. «. t v *- L. " % * * v •' t t. V ' . 1303 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES J U LY 3 1903 J U LY SO 160 170 180 170 160 ISO 30 2O 10" 0 10 20 30 30" 20' 10 0* 10" 20 JO" I9O3 J ULY 1*0' I50- I60- 170 I80- 170" 160 For explanation see Key m«/p 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JULY 7 1903 JULY JULY 9 l»03 JULY I &tt 'J " M*«3> ~f ^ * mu,» *« For »•• Key • ,.**, «.*«•**'* *• 19 O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JULY II 1903 JULY 12 I4O* ISO* 160" 170" 180" 170" 160* ISO* 30* 20* 10* 20* 30* 140* ISO" ISO" 170" 180* 170* 160* ISO* 30 20 ""I 10" O" 10 20 30 ri i903 JULY 13 1903 JULY 14 iso" i«o* ITO" lief 170* itff iao* 140* M 30* ao* 10* o* 10* ao* so* 140" ISO* 160" 170" 160" 170" 160" ISO* 140* 40* SO* 20* 10* 0* 10* 20* 30* For explanation see Key roa-p. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION 1903 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA LEVEL PRESSURE TOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AiR TEMPERATURES JULY IS I9O3 JULY _Jg! .*• y ^o- *r 1903 JULY 17 1903 JULY . • For ««pl*n»tion ••• K«y 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES J U LY 19 I9O3 J U LY 2O 140* ISO* ISC' 170" ISO" 170' ISO ISO' 140' 140' ISO* 160' 170* IBO* 170* 1 60' ISO* 4O° 3O* 20* 30* 1903 JULY 21 1903 JULY 40* ISO* 160* 170 IBO* 170* 160* Holh Lundun For explo.na.tion tee Key ro«.p. 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA LEVEL PRESSURE TOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JULY 23 I9O3 JULY 1903 JULY • - ifc ' For »itpl«.n«.tion ••• 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. JULY 27 1903 JULY 28 60' 170" 160 ISO 140 30" 20' 10* 0" 10" 20* 3O* 140* ISO* ISO* 170 180 170 160 ISO* 30* 20* 10* 0* 10* 20' 30* 1903 JULY 29 I9O3 JULY For rxpl ».ii«. t ion see Key m«.p 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SCA-LCVEL PKCStUMC fOft NOON CMT WITH WIND* AND AIM TCMPCftATUMCt JULY SI 1903 AUGUST 1903 AUGUST For ••pUntlion ••• try I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES AUGUST 4 I9O3 AUGUST 140 ISO 160 I/O 180 170 160 ISO 1+0' ISO* 160' 170 180 170 160 ISO SO' 20* 10* 0' 10* 20' 30' 40' SO' 20 10 0 10 20 30' 40' I9O3 AUGUST For explanation ice Key map 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVCL PRCStUftC fO* NOON CUT WITH WIND* AND AIM TCMPCMATUftCS AUGUST 8 (903 AUGUST 1903 AUGUST For INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. I9O3 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES AUGUST 12 I9O3 AUGUST 13 140' ISO' ISO" 170' ISO' 170' 160 ISO' 140' ISO' 160' 170' 180' 170' 180' ISO* *> 4O' SO' 2O' 10' 0' 10' 20' 30' 40' 1903 AUGUST 14- 1903 AUGUST I4O* 150' l«0' I7O' l«0 170' 180 ISO' 140' 140* ISO' l«0' 170' WO" 170' 160' ISO so' ao' 10' 40' SO' 20 0' 20- 30' For explanation gee Key ma.p K ' INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVCL paessuac roft NOON CMT WITH WIND* AND AIM TEMPtftATUMCS AUGUST 16 I9O3 AUGUST 17 1903 AUGUST 18 1903 AUGUST --j4__^___^. •^"""T^™1^^^ For 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES AUGUST ZO I9O3 AUGUST 21 I4O* ISO* 160' 170' 180' 170* 160' ISO* 4O* SO* 20* 10* 0' 10* 20' 1903 AUGUST 14O* ISO* 160* 170* 160* 170* 160 ISO* 140' For explanation see Key map • I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA-LCVCL PRCSSURC FOR NOON CM * WITH WINDS AND AIR TCMPCRATURCS AUGUST 24. 1903 AUGUST 1903 AUGUST 26 1903 AUGUST For ••• K«v »»p I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON C.M T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES AUGUST 28 1903 AUGUST 29 JO' 20* 10" O' 10' 20' 30' 140' ISO' leo' 170' ISO' 170' 160' ISO' SO" 20' 10' 0' 10' 20' 3O' 40' 1903 AUGUST 3O I9O3 AUGUST 31 ISO 140' o* to' so* I4O' ISO* 160' 170' l«0' 170* l«0' ISO' 140' 20' 10* 0" 10* 20* 30' For explanation set Key m*.p 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SCA-LCVCL PRESSURE fO* NOON CM * WITH WIND* AND AIR TCMPCRATURCS SEPTEMBER I 1903 SEPTEMBER 1903 SEPTEM BER (903 SEPTEMBER vr ; For »itpl«.n«.tion i»« K«v «»p 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER 5 I9O3 SEPTEMBER 3O* 2O* 10* O* 10* 20' 30* 4O* 14O* 150* l»0" 170* 180* 170* t«0" ISO* 140* i 20* 10* 0* 10* 20* 30* 40* 1903 SEPTEMBER 7 1903 SEPTEMBER ISO* l»0* I7W, , IBO* 170' 160" ISO' 140 140* ISO l«0* 0170 160" 170' 160 40* 30* 20 For expl&na.tion gee Key m&p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION '..' : • * * . V. 1903 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER 9 1903 SEPTEMBER ^'^m I9O3 SEPTEMBER i j*k~ * - *- For K«y »»p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. 1903 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G M T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER 13 1903 SEPTEMBER 1*0' ISO SO' 20' IO' O' 1903 SEPTEMBER 15 1903 SEPTEMBER For explanation see Key iu«.p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVCL PRCSSURC FOR NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AIM TC M PC MATURE S SEPTEMBER 17 I9O3 SEPTEMBER • r ^ 7£ 1903 SEPTEMBtR For ••• K«y »»f 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER Z\ 1903 SEPTEMBER SO* 2O* 10* 0* 10* 20' 30' 40' 1*0* ISO' ISO' 170' 180' 170' 180* ISO' 1903 S EPTEMBE R 23 1903 SEPTEM B ER 24- 140' HO' ISO* 170' 160* 170' 160' ISO' 140' 90 40' 30' tO' \0* 20- 30* 40' 140* ISO" ISO" 170" 160" 170" 160* ISO" 140' 40" 30' 20' 10" O' 10" 20" 30" For explanation set Key ft * ' • * •• J • • ••• • ••• • • « ••• • . I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION •VNCHMONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVCL PMCStuiU rom NOON CMT WITH WIND* AND AIM TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER 25 1903 SEPTEMBER I9O3 SEPTEMBER Z7 1903 SEPTEMB E P 26 40* no* 4^ >V_/ ; < . / ~*JL I For »«pl»n*tion ••• K«y »»p 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES SEPTEMBER 29 I9O3 SEPTEMBER 30 SO* tO' 10* O* 10* 20 140* ISO" 160* 170 I9O3 OCTOBE R I I9O3 OCTOBER 140* ISO' 160* 170 160* 170' 160 150* 140' 3Cr "O i«tr UBf i4O* For I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER 8 I9O3 NOVEMBER I4O' ISO' 160* SO' 20' 10* 0" 10' 20' 30' I4O' ISO' I6O* 170' 180' 170' 160' ISO' 2O" 10" 0" 10' 20' 30' I9O3 NOVEMB ER 10 1903 NOVEMBER I4O* i»o* i€O* iTO* i«o* no' 1*0' iso' no' iTo' leo' i7o' ieo' iso' i+o' to' 30' 20' ' 10' 0* 10' 20' 30' For explanation see Key map 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA-LCVCL PKCSSURf FOM NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIM T C M PC ftATUMt S NOVEMBER 12 I9O3 NOVEMBER . • . . 13 K ' I9O3 NOVEMBER For »ipl»n»tion •»• K«y »»p I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER 16 I9O3 NOVEMBER 17 :50 140 SO' 20' 10* 0* 10* 20' 30' I4O" ISO no 30' 20' 10* 0* 10' SO' 30' I9O3 NOVEMBER 18 I9O3 NOVE MB E R 19 1*0' ISO' 160* 170' ISOT 170" ISO ISO* 1*0* SO* 20' 10s O1 10' 20' SO' 40' 140* 160' 160' 170' . 180' For explc.na.tion see Key map 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Or SCA-LCVCL »MCS»UMC fO* NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TCMPCRATUMCS NOVEMBER 20 I9O3 NOVEMBER 1903 NOVE.MBE R 22 1903 NOVEMBC R For ««pl»n».tion »•• R»v »*p I9O3 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER 24 I9O3 NOVEMBER 25 140' ISO" 160' OS' ISO' 170* 160 ISO 140' SO" 20' 10* 0' 10* 20' SO" 40" 140* ISO' 160' 170' 180' 170' 160* ISO' SO' 2O' 10' 0* 10* 20' 3O' 40' 1903 NOVEMBER 26 I9O3 NOVEMBER 27 140' ISO' 160* 170* ISO' 170* IS(T ISO1 140" 0' 2O' SO* 140" ISO" 160" I7O" 160* 170* ISO ISO* m , 20* 10* O* 10* 20"' For explanation tee Key m&p 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OT ftCA-lCVCL PRESSURE fOR NOON CUT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES NOVEMBER 23 I9O3 NOVEMBER • AY~<8 1903 NOVEMBER 30 1903 DECEMBER '« -7 --/ / ^ .-=... 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 2 I9O3 DECEMBER a O* 10* 20* 30* 40* 140' ISO* 160* 170* ISO* 170* 160* 150* 140" 4O* 30* 20' 10" 0' 10* 20' 30' 40' 1903 DECE MB ER 4- 1903 DECEMBER i4O' __ iso* i«o* i6o* no iso* 140* « oc 10* «O* 50' 40' I4O* i»o* , ire* ieo* no' i«o* 130* 140* 4O* SO" 20* KT 10* 20* 30* _ 4O* For explanation see Key map 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVCL PRESSURE FOR NOON CMT WITH WIND* AND AIR TCM?tRATU*CS DECEMBER 6 1903 DECEMBER . 1903 DECEM8E R For 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER IO I9O3 DECEMBER SO 20 10 0 10" 20 30' 40 I9O3 DECEMBER 12 I9O3 DECEMBER 13 no iso 1*0* iyo lap ITO 160 150 140" I4O* I »0* 160' 170' l«0' 170' l«0' ISO* 140' 4O* SO* to' 10' 20' 30* 40* For explanation see Key map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION ••.'. ' . • 1903 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SCA-LCVCL P«C»»U*e TOft NOON CMT WITH WIND* AND AIM TCMPCftATUMCS DECEMBER 14 IBO3 DECEMBER I 9O3 DECEMBER 16 1903 DECEMBER 17 JSS1 » • n -LJu- For 1903 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CM T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES DECEMBER 18 I9O3 DECEMBER 19 4O" so' 20' 10* o* 10' ao' 30" I4O* ISO" 160* 170' ISO' 170* 160" ISO' 0' 20' 30' I9O3 DECEMBER 3D I9O3 DECEMBER 21 no" no' ieo" no" ielfci»«.l»on ••• Key »»f> 1904 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. JANUARY 3 1904- JANUARY 50 140 o* zo* 30* 50 20* 10' 0* ID" 20' 30' 1904- JANUARY 5 1904- J ANU ARY I4O* ISO' 160* 170 180" 170' 160 ISO" 140' IO O IO 2O SO 4CT \O~ 20 30 For explanation gee Key map. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION • • - c • • • ••• • • 190* SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SCA-LCVEL PRESSURE fOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY 7 190* JANUARY 190* JANUARY 9 190* JANUARY For ••• K«y 1904- INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY II 1904- JANUARY I4O 16O 170 IBO I7O leg 140- ISO" I6CT I70- I80- I70- 160 ISO 30" 2O' 10 0* 10 20' 30 3O 20 10 O' 10 20 30' 1904- JANUARY 13 1904 JAN UARY I«O' ISO* 160" 170" ISO' 170' 160 ISO" For fxplana,tinn see Key m&p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION 190* SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SEA LEVEL PRESSURE TOR NOON CMT. WITH WIND* ANO AIR TEMPERATURES JANUARY IS 1904 JANUARY . | ( •; JANUARY For ••• K«y m»f 1904 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. JANUARV 19 1904- JANUARY 40* ISO* I6O' 170* 180' 170 160' ISO' I4O' ISO' ISO' 170 ISO' 170' 180' ISO" 30 20 10' 0 10 20 30 30' 20 10' O 10 20 30 1904 JANUARY MO' ISO' l«0' 170' 180" 170 160' ISO' 140 I4O' ISO' I6O' 170' 160' I70- I60- ISO- I4O For explanation see Key map. 190* INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA LEVEL PRESSURE fOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIM TEMPERATURES JANUARY 23 1904 JANUARY 190* JANUARY For ••• K«y »*f 1904 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. JANUARY 27 I9O4 JANUARY 28 O* 2O' 30' 40* I4O* ISO* 160* 170* 180* 170* l«0 ISO' 30' 20* " 10 1O* 20' 30' 1904 JANUARY ISO* ISO* 170* 180* 170" 160* ISO* 140 For explanation >ee Key map. 190* INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA-LCVCL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TCMPCRATURCS JANUARY 31 1904 FEBRUARY •V - FEBRUARY ih.ua «•«•« For *iq>l»n»tion ••• Key »»p 1904- INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. FEBRUARY 4- 1904- FEBRUARY ISO 160 170 180^ 170 160 ISO 140' ISO" 160' 170 . ISO" 170' 160 ISO 3O° 2O' 10 O 10' 20' 30' 10 20 30' 1904- FEBRUARY 6 1904 FEBRUARY I BO' 160* 170* 160* 170' 160 ISO* 140* I4O' ISO' 160* 170* 180* 170' 160 ISO* 140' For explanation see Key map. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION 190+ SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OT StA LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON CUT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES FEBRUARY 8 I9O4 FEBRUARY 1904 FEBRUARY 10 1904 FEBRUARY « .•• For •xplKKA.Uon ••• Key »»p I9O4- INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. FEBRUARY 12 1904- FEBRUARY I4O" ISO' 160' 170 IBO- 170' 160' ISO' 140' I4O- ISO" 160' 170" ISO" 170 ISO ISO" 1+0" 3O 20 I °° !0 O 10 2O 40" 30 20 10 0 1904- FEBRUARY 14- 1904- FEBRUARY 15 MO* ISO* 160* 170* IBO" 170 160' ISO' I4O" 140" 160* ISO* For explanation see Key map. • % • INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION 190* SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Or StA-LtVCL PRESSURE TOR NOON CUT. WITH WINDS AND AlH TEMPERATURES FEBRUARY 16 I9O4 FEBRUARY 1904- FEBRUARY 18 1904 FEBRUARY For «»pl»n«.tion >•• K«y »»p 1904- INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. FEBRUARY 2O I9O4 FEBRUARY 21 SO* 20' tO' O' 10' 20* 30' 4O" iso ICQ* (TO iay 170 ieo iso* 80 1904 FEBRUARY 22 I9O4 FEBRUARY 23 too 160 170 loCT 170 160 ISO 140 «r to 3O* 4O* I4O' ISO* 160* I7O* 180* 170* 160* ISO* 140' SO" 2O 10 O* 10 20 For explanation see Key map. 1904. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SCA-LCVEL PRESSURE roR NOON CUT WITH WINDS AND AIR TCMPCRATURCS FEBRUARY 2* I9O4 FEBRUARY 1904 FEBRUARY 26 1904 FEBRUARY For •jq»l*n*tton »•• Key B«f INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. 1904- SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. FEBRUARY 26 I9O4 FEBRUARY 29 l«0* ISO' 160' 170* 160* 170' 160' ISO' 1*0' 190 BO ri 10' 20' 30' 40' 140 ISO 160 170 180 170 160 150 140 I9O4- MARCH I I9O4- M ARC H 1*0' ISO' ISO' 170' 180' 170 160" ISO" For explana/tion see Key map. 1904 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SCA LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON GMT. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH 3 ISO* MARCH 190 + MARCH 5 I9O4 MARCH For 1904- INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. MARCH 1 I9O4- MARCH 50 16O 170 IBCT I7O I«O ISO 1*0- ISO" 160' 170- I8(T 170" 160 ISO' I9O4- MARCH 9 I9O4- M ARC H 10 130 140* 10 0 10* 20' 3O" Vf MO* MO* ISO* . 170* 180* 170* 160* ISO* For explanation aee Key map. • * INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION. 190* SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA LEVEL PRESSURE roR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH II 1904- MARCH ' . ' 190* MARCH 13 1904 MARCH For •xpltna.tion ••« Key »»p 1904- INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. MARCH 15 I9O4- MARCH 16 1*0* ISO' 160' SO' ZO' «0' SO" 20* 10* 0" 10' 20' 30* 40' 190 + M ARC H 17 1904 MARCH 18 17Q 160 150 I4O 140* ISO' 160* 170* ISO* 170* 160* ISO* 140" 10" 2O* 3O* 4O* For explanaution see Key map. 1904 INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS or SEA LEVEL PRESSURE TOR NOON CMT WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH 19 1904- MARCH I9O4- M ARC H For ••• K«y »«.p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. 1904- SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS OF SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE FOR NOON G.M.T. WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES. MARCH 23 1904- MARCH I4O' ISO' 190' 170' ISO* 170* 180* ISO 140' 0' 20' 30' 40' I4O* ISO' 160* 170* 180' 170' 160' ISO' 140' 40' SO' 20' 10' 0' 10' 20' 30' 40' 1904- M ARCH 25 I9O4- M ARCH 9O ITO IBCT 170 I«O ISO 140 ISO' 160' I7O' ieO' 170" 160 ISO For explanation see Key map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. 1904 SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SCA LEVEL P»USSU*f FOR NOON CUT WITH WINDS AND AIR TCMPCRATURCS MARCH 27 1904 MARCH 1904- MARCH 29 1904 MARCH For «K|>l»i»«.Uon !•• Kry 190* INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION SYNCHRONOUS CHARTS Of SEA LEVEL PRESSURE TOR NOON CM T WITH WINDS AND AIR TEMPERATURES MARCH 31 For ••• K«y . INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. OCTOBER NORMAL. PRESSURE. MEAN PRESSURE.NOON, G.M.T. 1901. NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. OCTO BER MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE, NO ON, G.M.T. 1901. to' SO 20' 10- If to' 20- 30 For explanation see Key map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. NOVEMBER NORMAL PRESSURE MEAN PRESSURE. NOON. Q M T 1901. NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE NOV E MBE R MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE. NOON. G N T. 1901 For K«y •«[• INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. DECEMBER NORMAL PRESSURE. MEAN PRESSURE, NOON, G.M.T. 1901 ISO* I6O' 170' 180' '.70- ISO' ISO' I4O" 5O I6O I7O IBO 17U IOU 15O DECEMBER NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE.NOON, G.M.T. 1901 MO* l»0* l«0* 170' 180* 170 l»tr ISO 1*0' 10* 80" 3O" 4O* 140' ISO' 160" 170s IBO' 170' l«0f ISO' l«0' 3O" 20" lu For explana.tion «ee Key m&p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION CHARTS OF MEAN SKA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIN TIMPCNAfUHK. JANUARY NORMAL PRESSURE MEAN PRESSURE. NOON. G M T NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE J ANU ARV MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE, NOON.O M T 1902 For ••• Key INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. FEBRUARY N ORMAL PRESSURE. MEAN PRESSURE, NOON, G.M.T. 1902. l«0" I7O' ISO' 170 180 I6O' 170 180* 170 ISO 30' 20' 10' 0* 10' 20' 30' «0' 40- 30' 20' 10' 0* 10' 2ee Key m&p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION •••.*.:.. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE MAY NORMAL PRESSURE MEAN PRESSURE. NOON, GMT 1902 i« INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. AUGUST MEAN PRESSURE.NOON, G.M.T. 1902. NORMAL PRESSURE. 160 I7O IBO 170 160 X 20 10 O 10 20 30' 40 40" 30 20* 10 O* IO" 20" 30 4O' AUGUST NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE,NOON, G.M.T. 1902. »• ao' 10- o- 10- zo' 30- For explanation str Key ma.p * * t. : : f. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION "••• . CHARTS OF MEAN SCA LCVIL PRESSURE ANO AIR TEMPERATURE SEPTEMBER NORMAL PRESSURE MEAN PRESSURE. NOON. 0 M T 1902 "51"" m~y^ SEPTEMBER NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE. NOON.G MT 1902. For »•» K«y "»p • INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. • I «•" T v" * •*••«*•*•* CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. OCTOBER NORMAL PRESSURE. MEAN PRESSURE, NOON, G.M.T. 1902. 150' i6o* or iso' 170 leo- iso 30 2O 10 O 10 20 30 NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. OCTOBER MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE.NOON, G.M.T. I90E. MB* I5O- l«0- 170 180- 170" 160 ISO 140' I4O' ISO' 160" 170 18O' 170' 160" ISO For explanation see Key m«.p :*** .*. : '.•.•-.:. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION CHARTS OF MEAN SKA UKVEU PRtftSURK AND AIM TCNPCRATURC. NOVEMBER NORMAL PRESSURE MEAN PRESSURE. NOON, G M T 1902 NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE NOVE MB E MEAN AIRTEMPERATURE.HOON.GMT 1902 For «npl»n«.tion *•• K«y »ap -: .•• • . ; : '; * • »• ••/»•» i *«,*' t P »«•*•• INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE . DECEMBER NORMAL PRESSURE. MEAN PRESSURE, NOON, G.M.T. 1902. I«O" ISO" I6O" I7O" 180* 170" 0* I«O" 170" IBCT 170 160 ISO* 1+0 I4O* ISO* 160* 170* 180* 170* 160 ISO* 140" / iQ 4O* SO* 10* O 10" 20* 3QT _jg^ For explt.na.tion sec Key map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION CHARTS OF MEAN SfcA ULVIL PMCSSURK AND AIH TtNPCRATURt JANUARY NORMAL PRESSURE MEAN PRESSURE. NOON. Q M T 1903 ttf to' NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE JANUARY MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE. NOON. G M T 1903 For ««pl»r>«.t ion ••» K«y INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. FEBRUARY NORMAL PRESSURE. MEAN PRESSURE, NOON, G.M.T. 1903. I4O* ISO* 160' 170* I8O* 170* I6(T ISO* « 00 so* 20" io* o* 10* 20* so" 30" 20' 10* O* 10* 20* 30' «0 FEBRUARY NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE.NOON, G.M.T. 1903. IK)' l«0* 170* 160* 170* 160* ISO SO* 4O* I4O* ISO* 160* 170* IBO* 170* 160 ISO* 140* 10 M « 4O* 30" 20 10 0^ 10" 2O" 30 For explanation see Key m*Lp. INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION CHARTS or MIAN SIA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. NORMAL PRESSURE MARCH MEAN PRESSURE. NOON, G MT I9O3 MARCH NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE. NOON.G M T 1903 For INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEV EL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. APRIL NORMAL PRESSURE. MEAN PRESSURE.NOON, G.M.T. 1903. I4O* ISO' I6O' 170* 180* I7O' I6(T 150* 140' 2O' 30' 40' l«0' ISO' 160* 170* „> 180* 170' 160* ISO' 140' NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. APR IL MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE, NOON, G.M.T. 1903. 140' ISO' 160' 170' 180' 170' 160* ISO' 140" For fxvlii.ria.tinn see Key map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION CHARTS OF MEAN SIA LCVCL PftlSSUftl AND AIR TCNPtRATUftl. NORMAL PRESSURE MAY MEAN PRESSURE. NOON, G M T 1903 «0* Hf ttf to" *o" NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE MAY MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE. NOON.G MT 1903 For ••• K«y •»!• INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE JUNE NORMAL PRESSURE. MEAN PRESSURE.NOON, G.M.T. 1903. 3O' 20' 10* 0* IO" 2O* SO' NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. JUNE MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE.NOON, G.M.T. 1903. 1*0" ISO' ISO' 170' IBO' 170" ISO' ISO' 140' For explanation see Key ina.p ••• INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION CHARTS OF MEAN SCA ULVEL PRESSURI AND AIR TEMPERATURE. JULY NORMAL PRESSURE MEAN PRESSURE. NOON. G M T 1903 NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE JULY MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE. NOON.G M T 1903 For •Bpl»n*lton »•• Key »»p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. AUG UST NORMAL PRESSURE. MEAN PRESSURE, NOON, G.M.T. 1903. I4O* ISO" I6O." 170" IBO' 170" Mf '80* 1*0' 140* ISO' 160' 170' 180* 170 160 ISO" 140" 3O" 20" 10" 0" 10" 20" 50* 40* NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. AUGUST MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE,NOON, G.M.T. 1903. tK I7O 17O l«O ISO 140" 180" l«0" 170" 180" 170" 160" ISO" 140" SO" 40" 4O" 3O 20 10 O" IO" 20 For explanation tee Key map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS or MEAN &CA LtviLPRtftftuRt AND AIR TCMPCRATURC. SEPTEMBER • NORMAL PRESSURE MEAN PRESSURE. MOON. 0 M T 1903 NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE SEPTE MB ER MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE. NOON. GM T 1903 For •«pl»n*lton ••• K«y •*)> .-;/ -INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. .•••. ; '.' '..• : -•• ••>•«.' • - CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. OCTOBER NORMAL PRESSURE. M EAN PRESSURE, N DON, G.M.T. I 903 30" 10' 10 0 10 20 30 SO* 2O* 10 0 10 20 30 NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. OCTOBER MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE,NOON,G.M.T. 1903. 1*0' 170' 180* 170' I60- ISO' 140' 160' 170' ISO 170 160' 150' 140 For explanation see Key map INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC COOPERATION CHARTS OF MEAN SEALCVU. PNUSURE ANOAIRTEMPIRATURE. NOVEMBER NORMAL PRESSURE MEAN PRESSURE. N DON. G M T I »O3 J NOVEMBER NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE, MOON. GM T 1903 For ••• K«y »«f '''INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. DECEMBER NORMAL PRESSURE. M EAN PRESSURE, N OON, G.M.T. I 9 0 3 . I4O* ISO' 160' 170' 180* I7O* 160 ISC' 140' \ ~SO° 2O' 10* 0" 10" 2O' 30' 40' I4O* ISO' 160' 170 180' 170' I8O' ISC' 140' 30' 20" 10' O' 10' 20' 8O' 40 NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. DECEMBER MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE.NOON, G.M.T. 1903 . I4O' IK)' 160' 170' 170 160 ISO 1*0" I4O* iso' i«o' iTO' 160* 170' iao* _ 140' so' 20" Kr o* io' 20' so For i-»(.l«nn t.i.,i, see Key ma.p INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION CHARTS or MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE JANUARY NORMAL PRESSURE MEAN PRESSURE. NOON. G M T 1904 NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. JANUARY MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE. NOON. G M T 1904. For •*• K«y »»|- INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION. CHARTS OF MEAN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE. FEBRUARY NORMAL PRESSURE. MEAN PRESSURE, NOON, G.M.T. 1904. l«0* ISO' l«0' 170' I8»* 170' I8«* 150' 140' I4O' ISO' 160' 170' IgO* 170' 180 ISO* 140' SO" 20' IO' 0* 10* 20' SO' 4O' NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE. FEBRUARY MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE,NOON, G.M.T. 1904. For explanation see Key INTERNATIONAL ANTARCTIC CO-OPERATION CHARTS Of MEAN SEA LEVEL PfttSSURE AND AIR TEMPERATURE MARCH NORMAL PRESSURE MEAN PRESSURE. NOON. 0 M T 1904 *>• ae* NORMAL AIR TEMPERATURE MARCH MEAN AIR TEMPERATURE. NOON.GMT l»04 For «*pl»n»»ion ••• Key RETURN CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT TO—* 202 Main Library LOAN PERIOD 1 HOME USE 2 3 4 5 6 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS 1 -month loans may be renewed by colling 642-3405 6-month loans may be recharged by bringing books to Circulation Desk Renewals and recharges may be made 4 days prior to due date DUE AS STAMPED BELOW UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY FORM NO. DD6, 60m, 12/80 BERKELEY, CA 94720 (D3279»10)476B Berkeley LIBRARY