s ple THESAURUS CAPENSIS: oR, ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN FLORA, BEING FIGURES AND BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF SOUTH AFRICAN PLANTS, SELECTED FROM THE Dublin University Herbarium. BY. WILLIAM H. HARVEY, M.D., F.R.S., &., ‘PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF ‘DUBLIN, AND KEEPER OF THE , HERBARIUM, Chi non pud quel che vuol, quel que pud voglia.—Old Provers. DUBLIN : HODGES, SMITH, AND CO., GRAFTON-STREET, BOOKSELLERS TO THE UNIVERSITY. LONDON: JOHN VAN VOORST, 1, PATERNOSTER-ROW. i CAPETOWN: A. S. ROBERTSON. “si 4 ‘ s 1859. MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN LIBRARY TO THE HONORABLE RAWSON W. RAWSON, ESQ, C.B., &., SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT, CAPE OF GOOD HOPE, AND AUTHOR (JOINTLY WITH DR. PAPPE) OF THE “SYNOPSIS FILICUM AFRICE AUSTRALIS,” ee Me w AS A MARK OF PERSONAL RESPECT, ee aS AND IN GRATEFUL ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF SERVICES RENDERED TO SOUTH AFRICAN BOTANY, Chis First Volume OF THE “THESAURUS CAPENSIS” IS INSCRIBED, ee BY THE AUTHOR. ed PREFACE, Tus work is designed to be a running Supplement and Illustra- | tion of the “ Frora Carensis,” or General Description of the Plants of South Africa, now in preparation by Professor Harvey and Dr. Sonder. It will consist of figures and descriptions of new plants which may be received during the progress of the larger descriptive work, and also of any South African plant which the Author may think worthy of a figure. The great extent of the Cape Flora precludes the possibility of figuring all its species; and even a complete illustration of the Genera would require 1500 to 2000 plates. Hence the necessity of limiting ourselves to plates of new, unfigured, or little known plants, or to such as, by their structure, use, or beauty, specially recommend themselves to notice. ‘— Eyery volume of the “‘ Tursaurvs” will contain 100 plates and descriptions, and be complete in itself. It will be published in quarterly parts, each of 25 plates; and though the Author does not bind himself to publish more than one volume; yet, if supported, this precursor may be followed by five or six, or even ‘more, similar volumes. ‘The impression is limited to 250 copies, of which 150 are reserved for colonial sale. The expenses of pub- lication are divided between the Author, who contributes the plates, and the University, which gives the letter-press; and the profits of sale, if any, will be applied to enriching the Herbarium, which is kept up by the University for the free use of the bota- nical public. i oe: The figures, with rare exceptions, will be drawn by the Author from specimens preserved in the Dusuin Universivy Hersa- k1uM, which will be throughout quoted as “ Herb. T. C. D.” cage ey 6 PREFACE. When the specimen figured is taken from any other source, it will be duly noted :—and as one of the Author’s chief objects in undertaking the work is to enrich the botanical ‘‘ Treasury,” of which be has the charge, he here solicits from all residents in South Africa, and from all who have friends resident there, dried specimens in aid of his undertaking. Such collections will be gratefully acknowledged and recorded, and if the specimens are sent duly numbered, names will be returned to the contributor, who, by keeping a duplicate set, with corresponding numbers, may easily acquire a botanical knowledge of the plants he has collected ; and thus increase his interest in the pursuit, and pos- sibly add to his fame. The following short directions explain the process of drying specimens for the Herbarium :— SHORT DIRECTIONS FOR DRYING BOTANICAL SPECIMENS. 1. A botanical specimen should be, as much as possible, an epitome of the species which it represents. To be perfect, it should have root, stem, leaves, flowers (both open and in bud), and fruit (both young and mature), It is not always, however, possible to gather such dnc epeciietts ; but the collector should aim at completeness. , Broken fragments, such as leaves without flowers, or flowers without leaves, are of comparatively little use, their identification, if accomplished, generally giving more trouble than the result obtained is worth; and this trouble may be avoided by attention to the above and the three following rules. 2. All small plants, not exceeding 15 inches in height, should be plucked up by the roots, the whole plant forming a single specimen; or, if a many- stemmed plant, or one much branched near the base, and which if dried whole would make too dense a mass of branches or stems, it may be divided, at the origin of the branches, into several specimens. 3. If the plant to be dried be of greater length than 15 inches, and if it be thought desirable—either from the lower leaves differing from the upper, or from the branches being long and naked—to preserve the stem unbroken, the specimen may be folded in lengths of 15inches. This is often done with Grasses, Sedges, and Ferns ; and should be done in the cases of all long-stemmed, lax- leaved herbaceous, and with tall bulbous plants, in order to preserve an indication of their habit. 4. Herbaceous plants of large size, and specimens of the branches of shrubs and trees, must be broken into pieces, say 10-15 inches long, the length vary- ing with the nature or ramifications of the plant. The object is to preserve as much of the peculiar aspect of the plant as is possible. 5. At least a dozen specimens of each plant should (when practicable) be gathered, for the purpose of exchanging with other botanists. A collector can PREFACE. #.. scarcely have too many duplicates, especially when his explorations are made in a little-frequented district. Many collect much more extensively. 6. The collector should be provided with :— 1. A quantity (at his discretion) of any stout, coarse, unsized paper, of uniform dimensions, say 12 inches by 18. Old newspapers answer the purpose; and common packing paper, whity-brown, or brown, is most excellent. Blotting paper is much too tender and expensive. 2, Asmaller quantity of very thin, unglazed paper, or chemist’s filtering paper (for drying plants with delicate corollas, see No. 15). 3. Several flat, perforated boards, the size of the paper. Open wooden frames, with cross-bars, or frames of strong wire-work lattice, are better than boards, as they permit a freer evaporation. 4. A light portfolio of pasteboard, covered with calico, fitted up with 12-20 leaves of strong brown paper, furnished with a strap and buckle for closing, and another for slinging over the shoulders, is better and more portable than the old- fashioned collecting-box. The specimens, as gathered, are placed between the leaves, and may be crowded together, if not left too long without sorting. 5. A bag or haversack is also useful for collecting rigid-leaved or shrubby plants that might injure those in the portfolio. 7. Ifthe plants be gathered in dry weather, no time should be unnecessarily lost in placing them under pressure ; but if they must be kept over, they may be preserved, for a day or two, if sprinkled with water, and enclosed in a tin box kept in a cool situation. 8. On returning from the field, sort the specimens into those that are fleshy or juicy, and those that are of a drier nature, and dry them in separate bundles. If mixed together, the former are very apt to injure the latter, and to retard their drying. 9. The drying process is as follows :—Take one of the flat boards or frames, and lay three or four sheets of the drying paper upon it. On these lay speci- mens, placing them as closely as they will lie without overlapping each other. Cover the specimens with a similar layer of paper ; and on this lay other spe- cimens ; repeating alternately a layer of paper and of specimens, till you have either placed in paper all the specimens collected, or made a sufficiently thick pile. Cover the pile with one of the flat boards, and place upon it a heavy weight, —large stones or bags of sand answer perfectly. If travelling, leather straps and buckles, drawn tightly across the bundle, are used instead of weights. 10. After the specimens have lain a day under pressure, the paper about them must be removed, and dry papers substituted ; and this process should be repeated at intervals of a day or two till the plants are perfectly dry. If many sheets of paper be placed between each layer of specimens, or if open frames be used instead of boards, the changes need not be so frequent. In changing it is not necessary to lift every specimen from the sheet on which it lies; but if a dry sheet be placed over the specimens, the latter, with the moist sheet, may be tilted over to the dry, and the moist sheet then removed, and this process repeated through the bundle. Much time and trouble may thus be saved. 8 ; PREFACE. 11. On the first day of shifting, a sharp look-out should be kept for cater- pillars, which are apt to secrete themselves im flowers, and, if not at once re- moved, will quickly destroy the specimens under pressure. 12. In fine weather the bundles of specimens, weighted or strapped, may be exposed to the strongest heat of the sun; but as this causes a rapid extrac- tion of moisture, in order to insure its passing away, the plants must, on bring- ing in, and while still warm, be shifted into fresh papers: otherwise mouldiness and decay, and not exsiccation, will ensue. Artificial heat, not greater than 140°, may be substituted in wet weather. 13. In drying plants within the tropics, and in all damp and hot climates, frequent shifting of papers is necessary ; if neglected, the specimens will either fall to pieces, or become mouldy and rotten. 14. Succulent plants, heaths, and plants with compound leaves (such as Mimosee), should be dipped (all but the flowers) for a few seconds into boiling water, before being placed in the drying papers. This will Ail/ them, promote the drying of succulents, and prevent the heaths, &c., from shedding their eaves. 15. Plants with delicate corollas (Iridee, Oxalidee, &c.), should be placed between single leaves of very thin and soft, unglazed paper (filtering or tissue paper). In shifting to dry papers the tissue-paper is not to be removed, but lifted with its contents to the dry layer. This will prevent the flowers from curling up or perishing. 16. When the specimens are quite dry and stiff, a single sheet of paper is sufficient between each layer ; they may be placed still more closely on the sheets, but not piled one on another; and, finally, in sending specimens from a distance, great care must be taken to protect the bundles, by sufficient cover- ing, from the effects of external moisture, or from the attacks of insects. Correspondents in South Africa are informed that packets of specimens, intended for the author, will be forwarded, if sent to the Hon. Rawson W. Rawson, C. B., Colonial Secretary, Cape- town. They should be addressed on the outside, ‘* Dried Speci- mens of Plants, for Professor W. H. Harvey, Trinity College, Dublin,” and sent free to Capetown. If of moderate size, packets addressed from any part of the Colony ** To the Colonial Secretary, Capetown,” go free through the local post, as sanctioned by a Go- vernment Notice (No. 387, 1857). CONSPECTUS TABULARUM: oR, DESCRIPTION AND EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES. I. GREYIA SUTHERLANDI, Hook. & Harv. (Saxifragacee ?), Gey. Cuar.—Calyx quinque-partitus, brevis, persistens, laciniis obtusis eestivatione imbricatis, Petala 5, oblonga, sessilia, calycis laciniis al- terna, basi maculata, decidua, sestivatione imbricata. Stamina in fundo ealycis inserta, subhypogyna, biseriata; 10 exteriora ananthera, in cupulam carnosam connata, filamentis brevissimis apice glandula peltata corcnatis ; 10 interiora fertilia, libera, exterioribus alterna, longissime exserta, filamentis subulatis, antheris oyatis erectis brevibus didymis longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium liberum, profunde 5-sulca- tum, eX carpidiis quinque induplicato-valvatis conflatum, uniloculare, apice in stylo attenuatum. Stylus subulatus, exsertus; stigma simplex. Ovula suturales, indefinita. Capsule folliculares, ad suturas leviter co- herentes, chartaceee. Semina minuta, testa membranaced, albumine co- ploso carnoso, embryonis orthotropi radicula hilo proxima.—<4rbor medioeris, foliis alternis simplicibus erenato-lobatis exstipulatis petiolatis, petiolo bast dilatato amplexicault; racemis terminalibus densis, pedicellis bast bracteolatis, floribus coceiniis speciosissimis. G. Sutherlandi, Zook. § Harv. MSS.—Harv. in Proceedings of the Dublin University Zoological and Botanical Association, vol. i., part 2, p- 188, t. 13-14. Has. in rocky, exposed mountain situations, near Port Natal, from 2000 to 6000 feet elevation, Dr. Sutherland. (Herb, T. C. D.) Drscr.—A small tree or large shrub, with light porous wood, and a gray bark, Branches leafy towards the extremities. Flowering branches naked for a space below the dense raceme. eaves on long petioles, subrotund, deeply cordate at base, 2-4 inches diameter, multilobulate and crenate, glabrous, but minutely glandular. Racemes very dense, 2—4 inches long, many-flowered, Pedicels glabrous, { inch long, with a lanceolate braect at base. Calyx continuous with the pedicel. Petals B 2 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. broadly oblong, sessile, of a thick, glossy substance, and bright crimson colour, thrice as long as the calyx, ciliolate. S/amens in two rows: those of the outer row abortive, connate into a fleshy cup or nectary, the anther replaced by a peltate gland; those of the der row fertile, free, and much exserted. Anthers didymous. Ovary formed of 5 carpels, whose inflexed edges cohere round a very narrow central cavity, unilo- cular; placentse at the ventral sutures. Capsule membranous, deeply 5-lobed, almost resolved into 5 follicles; seeds minute, with abundant fleshy albumen and a small basal embryo. For a fuller account of this very remarkable plant, see the memoir above quoted. The exact natural affinities are, perhaps, not yet settled, and I place it in Saxifragacee provisionally. In some characters it agrees with Brexia; but the copious albumen in the seeds and the unilocular ovary are strong points of difference. The foliage is not unlike that of a Ribes or of the scarlet Pelargoniums. The genus is, by Sir William Hooker and myself, dedicated in ho- nour of Sir George Grey, K. C.B., Governor-General of the Cape Colony ; and the species is named after its discoverer, Dr. Peter Sutherland, Surveyor-General of Port Natal, to whom I am indebted for many other interesting plants, some of which will be figured in this work. Fig. 1, a flowering branch, and Fig. 2, a leaf of Greyia Sutherlandi, the natural size. Fig. 3, bract, pedicel, and calyx; 4, a petal; 5, apex ofa fertile stamen; 6, the ovary, surrounded by the ring of abortive stamens, or neetary; 7, the nectary laid open; 8, sec- tion of the ovary ; 9, the ripe capsules; 10, section of a seed; 11, the embryo. The latter figures variously magnified. Il. MELANOSTICTA BURCHELLII, DC. ( Leguminose. ) M. Burchellii, DC. Leg. Mem. tab. 69, DC. Prod. 2, p. 485. Has.—South Africa, Burchell, Cat., No. 2345. Near Port Natal, Miss Owen. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.— oot perennial, thick, and woody. Stems several, subsimple, erect, herbaceous or suffruticose at base, angular, sparsely plumoso- setose, as are petioles and peduncles. Leaves bipinnate; pinne two pair and an odd one; the lateral pinne stipellate, 6-8 foliolate, the ter- minal much longer, 16-18 foliolate; leaflets obliquely elliptical, flat, with immersed veins. Stipules membranous, lacerato-pinnatifid; stipelle several, subulate. Peduncles opposite the leaves, elongate, laxly race- mose, several-flowered ; flowers pendulous, the corolla scarcely longer than the calyx. Calyx campanulate, short-tubed, deeply divided, the four posterior segments oblong, obtuse, sub-equal; the anterior longer and broader than the rest, sharply toothed at its extremity. Petals 5; the four anterior subequal, obovate, tapering into short claws; the posterior (vexillum) broad-based, with infolded edges, rather shorter and broader than the rest. Stamens 10, free, subhypogynous, with filiform-subulate filaments and rounded anthers; the 5 superior slightly setose, the rest glabrous. Ovary sessile, 4 ovuled, setose, oblong, tapering into a straight, short style; stigma simple. Legume 1-14 inch long, 3-4 lines CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 3 broad, plano-compressed, slightly furrowed between the seeds, mucro- nate, covered with plumose sete.—Stem, petioles, leaflets, peduncles, calyces, ovary, and legumes (all parts of the plant except the petals and stamens) are thickly sprinkled with black, hemispherical, resinous dots. This is the only species of the genus yet known, and appears to be of rare occurrence, It was not found by Leklon, Drege, Burke, or Zeyher. A solitary specimen, from which our figure is taken, was sent to me, in 1840, by Miss Owen, from some part of the Zooloo Country. Fig. 1, Melanosticta Burchellii ; the natural size. Fig. 2, a leaflet; 3, the calyx, artificially pulled open, and viewed in front ; 4, the petals; 5, stamens; 6, ovary; and 7, the same, cut longitudinally. The latter figures more or less magnified. III. STERCULIA ALEXANDRI, Harv. (Sterculiacee.) S. Alexandri: foliis digitatim compositis quinatis; foliolis oblongis obtusis mucronulatis basi acutis glabris reticulatis; racemis pauci-fioris petiolo brevioribus ; calyce campanulato 5~7 fido utrinque puberulo.— Harv. Proc. Dub. Univ. Zool. & Bot. Assn., vol. i., p. 140, t. 15. _ Haz.—Mountain Kloof, near Uitenhage; very rare. Dr. Alewander Prior. (Herb. T.C. D.). Derscr.—A small, soft-wooded, thick-stemmed tree, with naked, rough-barked branches, leafy towards the extremities. Leaves alternate, digitate, glabrous; the petiole 2-4 inches long, expanded and articu- lated at the summit; leaflets 5-7, oblong, cuneate at base, obtuse and round-pointed, mucronulate, strongly midribbed, reticulated with closely branching veinlets. Stipules none. Racemes axillary, few-flowered, much shorter than the petiole; peduncles multibracteate at base, thinly pubescent; pedicels slender, longer than the calyx. Calyx cam- panulate, 5-7 cleft; segments ovate-oblong, subacute, thinly downy, and velvetty-canescent on both surfaces. Staminal column curved, puberu- lous. Female flowers not known. Allied to S. fetida, but with very differently shaped leaflets; much shorter racemes; and the calyces internally thinly pubescent, not densely hirsute and woolly. It is not a little curious that a conspicuous shrub or tree like this should have escaped the notice of the lynx-eyed Zeyher, who so long resided at Uitenhage, and must have repeatedly botanized all round its locality. Fig. 1, Sterculia Alexandri, the natural size. Fig. 2, the staminal column, with a portion of the calyx, shown behind; 3, an anther. These figures magnified. IV. ANAGALLIS HUTTONI, Harv. (Primulacee.) 5 ; ; = hoe A. Huttoni: caulibus tetragonis decumbentibus v. basi repentibu vix ramosis, foliis rotundato-ovatis obtusis petiolatis, pedicellis folio longioribus, sepalis lanceolatis, corolle rotate laciniis acutis, filamentis late-subulatis pilosis.— Zarv., Proc. Dub. Univ. Zool. & Bot, Assn., vol. ‘, p. 141, t. 16. B2 4 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. Hazs.—Howison’s Poort, near Grahamstown, Mr. H. Hutton (Herb. T.C. D.) Derscr.—Perennial? Stems several, filiform, decumbent or prostrate, rooting occasionally from the lower nodes, quadrangular, 6-12 inches long, subsimple. Leaves 4-5 lines long, opposite, distinctly petiolate, broadly ovate, obtuse, or subacute, with slightly reflexed margins, pale underneath. Flowers white, pedicels filiform, nearly twice as long as the leaf. Sepals linear-lanceolate. Corolla rotate. Stamens broadly subulate, setose. ruit-stalk revolute, pyxidium shorter than the calyx. * new and distinctly characterized species of Anagallis, from South Africa, is the more interesting, because so few Primulaceous plants are found in that country. With the exception of the common A. arvensis, which is naturalized throughout the Colony, this is the only representa- tive of the genus at the Cape; and the only other Cape plants of the Order are Lysimachia ( Coxia) atropurpurea, and two species of Samolus. I am indebted to Mr. Henry Hutton for several excellent parcels of plants, and hope to figure many more of his discoveries as this work proceeds. Fig. 1, Anagallis Futtoni, the natural size. Fig. 2, a corolla laid open, with the stamens in situ; 3, a stamen; 4, a ripe capsule ( pyxidium), subtended by the persistent calyx; 5, aleaf. The latter figures magnified. V. GARDENIA GLOBOSA, Hochst. ( Rubiaceae.) G. globosa: foliis brevi-petiolatis lato-lanceolatis glaberrimis, floribus terminalibus solitariis ternisve subsessilibus, calycis pubescentis limbo brevi 5-dentato, corolle tubo late-campanulato utrinque villoso limbo profunde 5-lobato lobis ovatis acutis patentibus, ovario oblongo, fructu globoso majusculo.— Hochst. Flora, vol.xxv., p. 237; Walp. Rep., vol. ii., p- 944; Krauss, Fl. Nat., p. 66; Hook. Bot. Mag., t.4791. Hap.—Sea coast, near Natal, extending to 1200 feet elevation. Krauss (467), Gueinzius, Dr. Sutherland, §e. (Herb. T. C. D.) Drscr.—A low tree or shrub, glabrous, except on the leaf-buds, young leaves, and inflorescence. Leaves 3-4 inches long, an inch or more broad, acute at each end, or sub-obtuse, membranaceous, glossy, penninerved. Flowers 1 or 3 in a terminal cymule; pedicels very short, articulated with the calyx. Calyx tube 2 lines long, appressedly pubes- cent, bibracteolate at base ; limb campanulate, short, sharply 5-toothed, the teeth ridged and acuminate. Corolla white, villous on both surfaces, 15 inch long, 2 inch diameter, or larger, campanulate, obtuse at base, the lobes broadly ovate, nearly } inch long. The stigma figured in our Plate is an abortive one; the perfect stigmata are shortly bifid. Fig. 1, Gardenia globosa, the natural size. Fig. 2, inferior ovary and calyx, with the style and (abortive) stigma, 3, the ovary cut longitudinally ; 4, corolla laid open. All but the corolla magnified. he ty gl y; 4, id ope CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 5 VI. EHRETIA ZEYHERIANA, Buek. (Boraginee. E. Zeyheriana: ramulis junioribus pedunculisque fuliginoso-pube- rulis, foliis petiolatis lato-ellipticis oblongisve subacutis vy. obtusis levibus margine vix squamulosis, cymis multifloris extra-axillaribus, calycibus 5-fidis obtusis pubescentibus, corolle lobis obtusis margine vix fimbriolatis.—E. Zeyheriana, Buek. in Herb, Eck. & Zey. Has.—Near Uitenhage, Zeyher, Dr. Alexander Prior, Albany, T. Williamson. (Herb. T. C. D.) A shrub. Young branches somewhat angular, virgate, dark-coloured or smoky, and thinly covered with minute, deciduous pubescence. Leaves 14-2 inches long, 1-14 inch wide, elliptical, obtuse, or subacute, pale below, all but the very young ones glabrous, except at the margin, which is minutely scaly. Cymes trichotomous, much divided, nigro- pubescent. lowers dark purple, the calyx one-third as long as the corolla, style shortly bifid. Very nearly allied to 2. Hottentotica, Burch., which appears to be the same as #. Eckloniana, Buek.; but in £. Zeyheriana the leaves are larger, less obovate, thinner, not so rough at the edges; the calyx lobes are blunter, and the twigs more virgate. These characters may be owing to a freer growth in better soil, and eventually the two varieties will perhaps be united. Fig. 1, Ehretia Zeyheriana, the natural size. Fig. 2, the calyx; 3, the corolla, laid open; 4, apex of a stamen; 5, the ovary and style; 6, the ovary, cut across. The latter figure magnified. VII. ANEMONE CAFFRA, Eck. & Zey. (Ranunculacee.) A. caffra: acaulis; foliis rigidis glabrescentibus 5~7 lobis, lobis biserratis, petiolis villosis, pedunculo scapiformi unifloro basi villoso supra involucrum parvum dense lanato, sepalis pluribus lanceolatis gla- briusculis v. extus parcissime villosis.—LZck. §- Zey. En., No. 4; Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap., vol.i., p.4; A. alchemillefolia, EB. Mey. in Herb, Drege. Haz.—Eastern districts and Caffraria, on grassy hills, Ecklon & Zeyher, Col. Bolton, and others. (Herb. T. C.D.) Descr.—Rootstock woody, throwing up several long-petioled leaves, and one or more scape-like peduncles. eaves palmately nerved, about 7-lobed, the lobes sharply and somewhat doubly serrate; upper surface nearly glabrous, lower villous, especially on the prominent nerves. In- volucre of 2-3 small leaves. Peduncle 1-1} feet high, densely woolly for 2-3 inches below the flower, silky towards the involucre, below which it is either villous or glabrescent. J'lowers rosy white, the petals thinly villous externally, or nearly glabrous. ig. ral size; 2, a petal; 3, the stamens and ovaries ; 4, seals oes | + ts of eey ans show position of the ovule. The latter figures magnified. 6 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. VU CLEMATIS THUNBERGII, E. & Z. (Ranunculacee.) C. Thunbergii: pubescens, foliis sub-bipinnatim partitis, pinnis distantibus, foliolis petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis trifidis tridentatisve la- ciniis mucronulatis, paniculis folio brevioribus, alabastris ovatis acutis, sepalis patentibus ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, filamentis basi pilosis, antheris glabris linearibus.—Z. ¢ Z, Enum., No.2; Harv. § Sond. F1. Cap., vol.i., p. 2; C. triloba. Thunb., fide E. & Z, 1. ¢., non Heyn. Has.—Woods of Adow, Uitenhage, Ecklon & Zeyher, (Herb. T. C. D.) Drscr.—A slender climber, thinly pubescent, the older parts becom- ing glabrous. Leaves 5-6 inches apart, on long, horizontally patent petioles, with 1-2 pair of leaflets, and an odd one. The lower leaflets are again compounded; the ultimate divisions petiolate, variously cleft, or sub-entire. Cymes few flowered. Flower-buds half an inch long, ovate-acuminate, the point often twisted ; sepals externally thinly pubescent, internally tomentose. Stamens filiform, hairy at base. Carpels feathery, long-tailed. Known from C. brachiata, a much commoner species, by the acwmi- nate sepals and flower-buds. Fig. 1, Clematis Thunbergii, the natural size. Fig. 2,a petal; 3,astamen: magnified. IX. CLEMATIS OWENLA, Harv. (Ranunculacee.) C. Owenie: dense pubescens, foliis bipinnatim partitis, pimnis 3-4 jugis cum impari distantibus trifoliolatis, foliolis ovatis acuminatis grosse dentatis lateralibus minoribus subsessilibus medio petiolato, paniculis axillaribus folio brevioribus, alabastris obtusis, sepalis patenti- bus elliptico-lanceolatis obtusis, filamentis filiformibus infra hirsutis, antheris ovalibus, brevibus.—Harv. § Sond. Fl. Cap., vol.i., p. 2. Has.—Near Port Natal, Miss Qwen. (Herb, T. C. D.) Derscr.—Slender, climbing, densely pubescent and subcanescent in all parts. Leaves horizontally patent and deflexed, pinnate or mostly bipinnate, with three or four pairs of pinne. Ultimate leaflets sharply toothed, and with prominent veins on the lower surface. Flowers small, white; sepals not half an inch long, somewhat elliptic-lanceolate, but quite obtuse. Anthers very short. Distinguished from all varieties of C. brachiata by its short anthers, the more uniformly pubescent foliage, and the smaller flowers. I gladly inseribe this new species of ‘‘ Virgin’s Bower’’ to its discoverer, to whom { am indebted for several other interesting plants. Miss Owen aeccom- panied her brother, the Rev. Mr. Owen, on a mission to the Zooloo Country about the year 1839-40, and the botanical specimens collected during the route were given to me, shortly afterwards, by Mr. Henry Rutherfoord, of Grahamstown. Fig. 1, Clematis Qwenia, the natural size. Fig. 2, a petal; 3, a stamen: magnified. CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 7 X. DISCOCAPNOS MUN DTI, Ch. & Schl. (Fumariacee.) D. Mundtii: Cham. § Schl. in Linn., vol.i., p. 569; EB. §& Z., En., No. 24; Harv. § Sond. Fl. Cap., vol. i., p. 18 (var. a, Mundti?). Has.—Among shrubs. Hills round Capetown, Mundt § Maire. Near the Waterfall, Devil's Mt., Ecklon & Zeyher. Camp's Bay, W. H. H. Descr.—oot annual. Stems weak and straggling, succulent, 1-2 feet long, angular, glabrous. Leaves 2-3 inches apart, on long petioles, bi-tripinnately parted ; the pinne alternate, tripartite, or pinnate, with broadly cuneate, deeply cut leaflets, glaucous on the under side. Ra- cemes opposite the leaves, at length 3-4 inches long, several flowered. Flowers minute, pale, with dark-purple tips. Petals connivent at the points, the posterior one with a blunt, saccate spur of nearly its own length. Fruits 1-14 lines diameter, minutely roughened on the dise. Fig. 1, Discocapnos Mundtii, var. a; the natural size. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, its pos- terior petal; 4, one parcel of stamens; 5, the fruit. These figures magnified. XI. PENTARRHINUM INSIPIDUM, E. Mey. ( Asclepiadacee.) P. insipidum: ramulis bifariam puberulis, foliis cordatis acutis basi 5-7 nerviis, pedunculis folium subequantibus superantibusque breviter racemosis, coronze staminez foliolis inferne compressis superne processu rostrato instructis,—Z. Mey. Com. Drege, p. 200; Dne. in DC. Prod. 8, p. 553; Cynanchum foliis cordato-sagittatis fructu cucumerino, Burm. Pl. Rar. Afr., p. 38, t. 16, f. 2. sd Has.—Near Enon; Uitenhage, Drege, Dr. Alexander Prior ; also at Klein Winter- hoek, 800 ft., aud Zondagrivier, near Blaauwekraus, 1700 feet, Drege. Zooloo Country, Miss Owen. (Herb. T. C. D,) Derscr.—Stem terete, pale, climbing through bushes ; branches twin- ing, tapering to a thread-like end, with a line of minute hairs at each side. eaves distant, 2-4 inches apart, opposite, on long, slender pe- tioles, cordate, acute or acuminate, with a deep, basal, rounded sinus and rounded lobes, membranaceous, glabrous, or very minutely pube- rulous, especially on the ribs. Racemes dense, subcorymbose, downy; pedicels twice or thrice as long as the flowers; bracts subulate, decidu- ous. Flowers green, or dull greenish brown or livid purple. Corolla reflexed. Follicles ovate-oblong, rough with short tubercles, solitary or in pairs. the young pods, which are tasteless, are eaten by the Hottentots. They are shaped like cucumbers. Fig. 1, Pentarrhinum insipidum, young branch. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, two of the segments of the corona staminea, in different aspects; 4, the anthers surrounding the stigma; 5, stigma; 6, a pair of pollen-masses. The latter figures more or less magni- 8 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. XII. MODECCA DIGITATA, Harv. (Passifloracee.) M. (Blepharanthes) digitata: caule herbacco volubili striato ; foliis breviter petiolatis digitatim 3—5-partitis laciniis pinnatifidis glabris mar- ginatis basi glandulosis, stipulis subnullis, racemis paucifloris petiolum subequantibus, calyce infundibuliformi basi attenuato, petalis lanceolatis calycis limbo brevioribus. Has.—In the Zooloo Country, Miss Owen. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—oot thick and woody, perennial, throwing up herbaceous, coarsely striated or angular, vine-like stems. eaves alternate, 2-3 inches apart, 2-3 inches long, triangular in outline, divided nearly to the base into 5 digitate lobes, glabrous and glaucous, thickish, with a thickened margin and prominent ribs. The middle lobe is pinnatifid, with oblong, bluntish segments and rounded angles, the lateral lobes are less regularly cut, and the basal pair are generally lobed only on the lower edge. There are generally two large flat glands at the base of the lamina, on its upper side, and a similar, but smaller, gland between each lobe on the under side. The peduncles of male flowers are thick and short, 4-6 flowered.. Calyx funnel-shaped, tapering at base, the limb erect, 5-cleft, the edges of the segments veiny and inflexed. Petals inserted much below the base of the calyx segments, narrow lanceolate, included. Stamens 5, bypogynous, on slender filaments; anthers linear, apiculate. A small abortive ovary occupies the base of the calyx. Fe- male flowers unknown. Zendrils simple, axillary (abortive inflorescences). Obviously allied to the East Indian JL. palmata, but differing in inflo- rescenee, calyx, corolla, and other particulars. It seems to have escaped the notice of all collectors but J/iss Owen, to whom I am indebted for the specimen here figured. I trust this figure may induce some friend at Natal to send the female flowers, seed-vessels, and ripe seeds. Fig. 1, Modecca digitata, part of a flowering branch. Fig. 2, end of a branch bear- ing tendrils, the natural size; 3, a flower laid open; 4, a petal; 5, a stamen. The latter figures magnified. XIII. MACKAYA BELLA, Harv. (Acanthacee.) Gey. Coar.—Calyz parvus, nudus, 5-partitus, equalis, laciniis subu- latis. Corolla e tubo cylindraceo campanulata, limbo venoso subequali erecto. Stamina circa apicem tubi inserta; duo fertilia antheris sagitta- tis bilocularibus equilateris; duo inferiora ananthera filiformia. Stylus filiformis; stigma minuta, bifida. Ovwriwm loculis medio bi-ovulatis. Capsula?—Frutex gracilis inermis; foliis supra minute punctatis re- pandis, racemis terminalibus laxe secundi-floris, bracteis bracteolisque infra medium pedicellorum minimis, floribus magnis speciosis lilacinis, Mackaya bella, Hayy. in Proc. Dub. Un. Zool. &§ Bot. Assn. (in-ed.). Har.—Growing among stones in the river-bed of the T. t Ri ; Natal, Mr. J. Sanderson. (Herb. Hook., T.C. D.) ongat River, 30 miles from CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 9 Descr.—A tall, slender, nearly glabrous shrub, with virgate branches. Leaves on short petioles, patent, ovate-oblong, 2-3 inches long, glabrous, but minutely granulated on the upper surface, repand, obtuse or sub- acuminate, veiny. acemes terminal, unilateral (eymoid), many flow- ered ; bracts opposite, minute, subulate ; pedicels 2-3 lines long, cer- nuous, bracteolate at a line from the base. Calyx continuous with the pedicel, equally 5-partite, with narrow-subulate segments. Corolla nearly two inches long, pale-lilac, of thin, membranous substance and veiny, tubular below, campanulate upwards, with a deeply 5-lobed, subequal, erect limb; the segments oblong, blunt. Stamens inserted at the top of the narrow part of the corolla, shorter than the limb; two perfect, with sagittate, equal-sided, 2-celled anthers; two filiform, nearly as long as the others, without anthers. Style filiform, with a minute, bifid stigma; ovary bilocular, with 2 ovules in each cell. Cap- sule unknown. Described by fr. Sanderson, its discoverer, as a beautiful shrub, ‘fone mass of most delicate, pendant, pale-lilac, campanulate flowers.” Our figure, taken from a dried specimen, is perhaps too stiff, nor have we been able, probably, to restore the delicate corolla to its true form. I trust that this ornamental plant may before long be introduced to English gardens. The generic name is given in honour of my venerable friend, James Townsend Mackay, LL.D., author of Flora Mibernica, and for many years the able superintendent of the Dublin University Botanic Gardens. ‘‘ Mfackaya’’ Arn. is the same as Lrythropalum of Blume, as I am informed by Dr. Hooker. Fig. 1, Mackaya bella, the natural size. Fig. 2, the calyx; 3, portion of the limb of the corolla, showing the venation; 4, the stamens; 5, an anther; 6, ovary (cut open) and style; 7, stigma. More or less magnified. XIV. CEROPEGIA BOWKERI, Harv. (Aselepiadacee.) C. Bowkeri: erecta glabra; caule tenui sub-ancipiti simplici, foliis anguste linearibus utrinque acutis internodio longioribus, pedunculis axillaribus unifloris vix uncialibus, sepalis anguste linearibus, corolle tubo tenuiter striato urceolato inferne ventricoso, limbi laciniis tubum equantibus liberis lato-linearibus plumoso-ciliatis intus villosis, corone staminez lobis exterioribus anguste-triangularibus margine villosis, in- terioribus liguleformibus glabris duplo longioribus. Haxz.—In Kreili’s Country, Caffraria, Henry Bowker, Esq. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.— Root ? Stem solitary, 1-2 ft. high, sub-compressed, a line broad, quite simple. eaves 2-3 inches long, 2 lines broad, lanceolate-linear, acute at each end, glabrous, the margin sub-reflexed and thickened, and the rib prominent below. Pedicels 2 inch long, single-flowered, axillary, bracteate at base. Calyx lobes very slender, linear-subulate, mottled with purple. Corolla-tube 24 times longer than the calyx, marked with purple striae, swollen at base, constricted in the middle, and again ex- panded at the summit, about an inch in length; limb as long, each lobe from a cordate, reflexed base, broadly linear, acute, 14 lines broad, vil- 10 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. lous within, and margined with long, golden, gland-tipped, horizontal cilie. Outer corona-staminea obconical, with ten narrow-triangular, woolly-edged lobes, approaching in pairs; inner twice as long, of 5 gla- brous, strap-shaped leaflets. Follicles unknown. A very beautiful and curious species, for which I am indebted to Mrs. Barber ; and, in giving it her family name, I express my gratitude to the donor as well as the discoverer. Fig. 1, Ceropegia Bowkeri, the natural size. Fig. 2, a calyx; 3, one of the segments of the corolla ; 4, the corona-staminea ; 5, a pair of erect pollen masses. XV. OTHONNA SCAPIGERA, Harv. ( Composite.) [O. seapigera: collo crasso multiplici lanuginoso, axillis hirsuto- lanatis, foliis radicalibus numerosis linearibus acutis carnoso-coriaceis lee- vibus margine integerrimo, scapis erectis unifloris subnudis bractea una alterave prope apicem instructis, involucri squamis octo lanceolatis mar- ginatis, ligulis parvis subinyolutis, acheniis glabris pappo rufescente copioso brevioribus. Hazs.—Near Port Natal, Dr. Sutherland. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Near O. retrorsa, var. B (DC. Prod. 6, p. 479), but the leaves do not taper to the base, the margin is perfectly entire, the ligules haye involute margins, and the scapes, in our specimens at least, are single-flowered. The villosity on the column and in the axils is more hairy than woolly, of a dirty-brown colour. The pappus is copious, and reddish-coloured. Fig. 1, Othonna scapigera, the natural size. Fig. 2, a female flower of the ray; 3, apex of the fertile style; 4, apex of one of the sete of the pappus; 5, a male flower, of the disk; 6, apex of its abortive style; 7, its 5 anthers, laid open. The latter figures magnified. XVI. TOXICOPHLAA THUNBERGI, Harv. (Apocynec.) T. Thunbergii: Harv. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot., vol. i., p. 24; T. cestroides, A. DC. Prod. 8, p. 336; Cestrum venenatum, Thunb. F1. Cap., p- 193. Has.—In woods. Houtniquas, Thunberg. Kaymansgat, under 500 feet, and Glen- filling, under 1000 feet. Sep.-Jan., Drege. §. Africa, Ecklon & Zeyher. Mossel Bay, Dr. R. C. Alexander Prior, (Herb. T. C.D.) Descr.—A small tree or large shrub, with virgate, angular branches, and dark-coloured, dotted bark. eaves in opposite, decussating pairs, obovate-elliptical or broadly ovato-lanceolate, mucronate or acute, or acuminate, tapering to the base, on short petioles, penninerved, glabrous and glossy, with sub-reflexed, often scaberulous margins. Flowers sweetly scented, in axillary, many-flowered fascicles. Calyx short, gla- brous, or downy. Corolla 4 inch long, externally sparsely or densely pubescent, white, with a rosy tinge; the 5 lobes ovate-acuminate, hori- zontally patent. Genitalia included. Ovules solitary. a CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 11 This is the ‘‘ Gift-boom’’ or Poison-tree of the colonists. According to Thunberg, the aborigines formerly used a decoction of the bark, re- duced to the consistence of jelly, for poisoning their arrows. The flowers are scented like jessamine. ‘‘ Strychnos Abyssinica,” Hochst. in Pl. Schimp., No. 254, seems to be allied to our plant. Fig. 1, Toxicophlea Thunbergii, natural the size. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, apex of the corolla, cut open; 4, apex of an unopened flower-bud ; 5, a sepal; 6, back view, and ¥; front view of an anther; 8, the ovary, style, and stigma ; 9, cross-section of ovary. The latter figures magnified. XVII. PTAROXYLON UTILE, E. & Z. (Sapindacee ?) Pt. utile: Lek. & Zey. Enum., p. 54, No. 418; Harv. Gen. 8. A. Pl., p. 37; Pappe, Sylva Capensis, p. 5. Has.—Common in the forests of the eastern districts. (Herb, T. C. D.) Descr.—A tree, with a trunk 20-30 ft. high, and 2-4 ft. in diameter. Young twigs and petioles minutely puberulous. Leaves abruptly pin- nate, of 4-5 pair of leaflets. Leafiets opposite or sub-opposite, oblique, almost dimidiate, oblong, truncate at base, obtuse or emarginate at the apex, penninerved, glabrous and glossy, 2-1 inch long, 4 inch or more wide. lowers unisexual, both inflorescences cymoso-paniculate, the peduncles crowded about the ends of the branches. Male ji., Petals 4, - oblong, flat, spreading. Stamens 4, hypogynous, exserted. A small abortive ovary. Female ft., Petals linear, subconcave. Stamens 4, abor- tive, very short. Ovary ovate, bilocular, tipped with a style of its own length; stigmata two, spreading. Ovu/es one in each cell, erect, on a basal, axile placenta. Capsule ¢ inch long, oblong, compressed, emar- ginate at each end, glossy brown, veiny, splitting at maturity into four deciduous valves. Seeds with a membranous wing; albumen none ; embryo with accumbent, flattish, cotyledons, and a taper radicle, - This is the Nieshout or Sneezewood of the colonists. The wood is strong, durable, handsome, and takes a fine polish, and is used in mak- ing furniture, and for agricultural implements. Its name Sneezewood is given because, when freshly worked, it emits effluvia that cause violent sneezing. It is also said to be an excellent firewood, even when green. Fig. 1, Pterorylon utile, end of a flowering-branch, the natural size. Fig. 2, a male flower; 3, the same, unopened, to show the valvate petals; 4, a female flower ; 5, the ovary, style, and stigma; 6, ovary, cut vertically ; 7, a capsule ; 8, the same as it opens; 9, a winged seed; 10, an embryo. The latter figures magnified. XVIII. GEUM CAPENSE, Thunb. ( Rosacea.) G. Capense: collo folioso lignoso caulibusque floriferis gracilibus erectis nudiusculis, foliis radicalibus longe petiolatis pinnati-sectis hirsutis lobo ultimo maximo orbiculari crenulato pinnis parvis inciso- dentatis, petalis rotundato-obovatis calyce longioribus, aristis nudis torto-geniculatis glabrescentibus.— Thunb. Prod., p. 91; Fl. Cap., p.428; : DC. Prod. 2, p. 553; E. & Z, En, No. 1702. Bi %. 42 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. Haz.—Near Grahamstown, Ecklon & Zeyher, T. Williamson, Col, Bolton, &c. Chumiberg, and in Tyalis Country, Caffraria, Z.& 2. Grassy places on the Katberg, 3-4000 feet, and on the Witberg, 6-7000 feet, Drege. (Herb. T. C.D.) Drscr.—Root-stock short and thick, bearing many rosulate leaves, 5-6 inches long, and several branching flowering stems, 1-2 feet high. Radical leaves on softly hairy petioles, pinnate-parted, the terminal lobe subrotund, many nerved, crenulate, 2-24 inches long and broad, hairy, especially on the upper surface ; the lateral pinne very small, sometimes obsolete, cut or entire. Flowering-stems villous and minutely glandular when young, becoming subglabrous, with a few small, trifid or simple, scattered, dentate leaves; branched above, each branch bearing a flower. Calyx hairy, the outer segments linear, narrow ; inner semi-lanceolate or narrow-triangular. Petals bright yellow, broad, longer than the sepals. Carpels densely hairy, with a glabrescent, twisted awn. A handsome plant, not unworthy of cultivation. I am indebted to Col. Bolton for the specimen here figured. Fig. 1, Geum Capense. Fig. 2, reverse side of a flower; 3, carpels enlarged toward ripening, all of the natural size; 4, a carpel. Somewhat magnified. XIX. ACRIDOCARPUS NATALITIUS, A. Juss. (Malpighiacee.) A. Natalitius : caule scandente? foliis alternis oblongis v. obovato- oblongis glaberrimis rigidis margine reflexo, racemis terminalibus sim- plicibus longissimis multifloris ferrugineis, bracteolis subulatis eglandu- losis; samare glabriuscule ala extrorsum ascendente oblique oblonga.— A. Juss, Archiv. Mus. 111, p. 486; Walp. Repert. 5, p. 287. Hazs.—Port Natal, Krauss, No. 261, Gueinzius, T. Williamson, &c. (Herb. T. C.D.) Descr.—A large, probably climbing shrub, with laurel-like leaves, and long terminal racemes of (yellow ?) flowers. Leaves 4—6 inches long, 1-2 inches wide, obtuse or subacute, narrow-oblong or somewhat obo- vate, in all my specimens alternate, sometimes ‘‘sub-opposite” (4. Juss.), quite glabrous, the upper surface shining, with the veins impressed, the lower paler, with prominent veins and slightly inflexed margin. Peduncle, pedicels, and calyx covered with very short, rust-coloured pubescence ; pedicels much longer than the flowers, each bracteate at base. Calyx obtusely 5-parted, with 2-3 glands externally. Petals roundish-obovate, jagged at the margin, spreading. Samare minutely rufescent at first, afterwards nearly glabrous; the wing pale, oblong, somewhat falcate, striate, an inch in length, more than 4 inch wide. Fig. 1, Aeridocarpus Natalitius, the natural size. Vig. 2, reverse view of the calyx ; 3, a petal; 4, an anther; 5, ovary and styles; 6, mature fruit. These figures (except the last) somewhat enlarged, XX. BRACTEOLARIA RACEMOSA, Hochst. ( Leguminosae.) _&B. racemosa: glabrescens, foliolis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis supra nitidis subtus reticulatis glabratis, racemis puberulis laxiusculis, calycis segmentis dentatis, bracteolis lanceolatis. CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 13 Nas.—Port Natal, Krauss, Gueinzius. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A climbing (?) shrub, with a dark-coloured, roughish bark. Twigs terete, tapering much to the extremity, appressedly pubescent, afterwards naked. eaves on petioles 4—$ inch long, unifoliolate ; leaf- let 2 inches long, nearly one inch broad, subacute at base, tapering to the acute apex, the upper surface dark-green and somewhat shining ; the lower closely netted: young leaves puberulous. Stipules caducous, lanceolate-subulate, spreading. Racemes shorter than the leaf, several flowered ; pedicels elongate, filiform, bracteolate in the middle or naked, 1 or 2-8-flowered. Calycine bracts two, lanceolate, shorter than the calyx. Calyx splitting into two segments, the posterior bidentate, the anterior tridentate. Stamens 10, glabrous. Flowers white? petals spreading ; the vexillum very wide, alx oblong, with narrow claws, the keel petals, each with a fossa near its base. The genus Bracteolaria, founded by Hochstetter for the present plant, now includes at least two others, natives of the west coast of tropical Africa. It is nearly allied to Baphia. Fig. 1, Bracteolaria racemosa, end of a flowering branch, the natural size. Fig. 2, an unopened flower, on its pedicel; 3, petals; 4, calyx, with stamens and ovary; 5, a stamen ; 6, the ovary. The latter figures enlarged. XXII. KRAUSSIA FLORIBUNDA, Harv. (Rubiacee.) _ K. floribunda: ramis atrosanguineis quadrisulcatis, foliis ovato-ob- longis lanceolatisve subacutis, cymis axillaribus laxiuscule paniculatis folium subbrevioribus, calycis limbo quinque-fido obtuso, stigmate max- imo clavato stylum longiore.—//arv. in Lond. Journ. Bot., vol. i., p. 18; Sond. Linn. 23, p. 52. Has.—Port Natal, Krauss, No. 121; Gueinzius, 109, 111, 551, fide Sonder. (Herb- T. C. D.) Descr.—A glabrous shrub, with glossy leaves and axillary cymes of white (?) flowers. Young twigs somewhat virgate, reddish-brown, sub- angular, and 4-furrowed. eaves shortly petiolate, ovate-oblong, or broadly lanceolate, subacute at each end, margined, glossy above, pen- ninerved below, with a minute gland at the base ofeach nerve. Stipules ovate, mucronulate. Cymes trichotomous, the peduncle nearly an inch long, bibracteate at the summit, the bracteoles on the branches scattered, small, sublanceolate. Pedicels twice as long as the calyx. Calyx oblong, with a 5-cleft, erect, short limb; the lobes very obtuse. Corolla subin- fundibuliform, with a short, wide throat and spreading limb; the lobes oblong, obtuse, the throat densely hairy. Stamens _exserted, filaments very short, anthers erect, attenuate. rut about the size of a garden- pea, globose, crowned with the calyx limb, 2, or by abortion, one seeded. To this shrub, on which the genus Araussia was founded in 1841, Dr. Sonder has added Carpothalis lancéolata, E. Mey, MSS., and a new species, found by Dr. Gueinzius. The genus is nearly allied to Pavetta, but has a different corolla. = 14> CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. _ Fig. 1, Kr ia floribunda, the natural size. Fig. 2, a corolla, laid open; 3, ovary with style and stigma; 4, cross section of ovary; 5, bunch of fruit; 6, one of the fruits. All, but Fig. 5, somewhat enlarged. ; ea = XXII. MITRASTIGMA LUCIDUM, Harv. (Rubiaceae. ) M. lucidum: Harv. in Lond. Journ. Bot., vol.i., p. 20; Psychotria obtusifolia & Psychotria 2361, of Drege’s Collections, Has.—Port Natal, Krauss, No. 178; T. Williamson, Gueinzius. Glenfilling, and near Strandfontein, and Matjesfontein, Drege. (Herb. T. C. D.) Derscr.—A glabrous bush, with glossy leaves. Twigs with a dark- coloured bark, subcompressed, the ends of the branches sometimes hard- ening into imperfect spines. Leaves shortly petiolate, obovate or elliptical, obtuse, subacute at base, shining above, pale below, with few nerves, each with a gland at its base, the margin subreflexed. Cymes axillary, trichotomous, corymbose, many-flowered, about equalling the leaves, the peduncle 1-14 inch long. Pedicels twice as long as the calyx. Calyx Lobes very short, obtuse. Corol/a funnel-shaped, with a patent or reflexed, 5- rarely 4-parted limb, the lobes narrow-triangular, acute, with valvate zestivation; the inner surface of the tube and throat hairy. Anthers subsessile, exserted. Style filiform, much exserted; stigma mitre-shaped. Fruit fleshy, 1-2 seeded, subcompressed. A handsome bush, nearly allied to Grumilia ; differing from Avraussia in the estivation of the corolla, &e. Fig. 1, Mitrastigma lucidum, and 2, a bunch of fruit, the natural size. Fig. 3, a flower ; 4, an unopened flower; 5, corolla, laid open; 6, ovary, style, and stigma; 7, cross section of ovary. Somewhat enlarged. XXIII. PYRENACANTHA SCANDENS, Planch. (Passifloraceis affine ? ?) P. scandens: undique patentim hirsuta, petiolis hirsutissimis, foliis ovato-oblongis basi subcordatis rotundatisve subangulatis repandis v. in- equaliter subserratis, serraturis subtus glandula minima instructis.— Pl. in Herb. Hook. ; R. Br. in Horsf. Pl. Jav., p. 245; Cavanilla sean- dens, Thunb., Cap., p. 152; Moldenhauera scandens, Spreng. ; Harv. Gen. S.A. Pl., p. 411; Adelanthus scandens, Endl. Gen., No. 6839; Cissus, 7528, Drege. Haxz.—In woods, &c., Grootvadersbosch, Thunberg. Forests of the Van Staaden Mountains, Zeyher, Dr. Alexander Prior. Kooratra, under 1000 feet, Sepr., Drege. Port Natal, Krauss (126), Gueinzius, (Herb, T.C. D.) Descr.—Stem woody, climbing, the older parts with a gray, rough bark; the young branches terete, elongate, and twining, densely setose, with patent, yellowish bristles. Leaves alternate, 2-3 or more inches apart, on very hairy, short, or longish petioles; lamina 2-24 inches long, and 1-135 broad, variable in shape and in the indentures of the margin; sometimes angular at base or at the sides, usually minutely CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. ¥6 repand, with prominent, gland-like denticles, sometimes lacero-dentate, either obtuse or acute, the upper surface sparsely, the lower densely, hispid with simple hairs. Male spikes on long, hairy peduncles, many- flowered, lengthening, and finally 2 inches long, or more. Flowers sessile; perianth 4-parted, with imperfectly valvate wstivation, hairy on the outer surface, smooth within. Stamens 4, alternate with the segments, inserted at the base of a small, giand-like, abortive ovary. Female flowers in short, oblong, few-flowered, or sub-capitate, pedun- culate spikes. Perianth asin the male. Stamens none. Ovary hispid, unilocular, crowned with a sessile, multiradiate, subindusiate stigma ; ovules in pairs (one generally abortive), pendulous from the apex of the cell. Drupe oblong, hispid, 2 inch long. This curious plant has received three generic names, besides that now adopted, which was given by Hooker, in 1831, to an East Indian species of similar floral structure. Its affinities have been repeatedly discussed ; but the question remains unsettled. No doubt it is closely allied to Arnott’s Phytoerenee, to which Planchon refers it, but from which Brown (in P/. Horsf.) has rejected it. To me, both Phytocrenee and Pyrenacantha seem to constitute a very degraded type, allied to Pass?- Jloracee rather than to Artocarpee or Olacinee ; and the Cape genera, Acharia and Ceratiosicyos will serve to connect them with the more deve- loped genera of Passifloracee. Their placentation may be regarded as parietal, reduced to its simplest condition. Fig. 1, Pyrenacantha scandens, male plant, the natural size. Fig. 2, a male flower opened; 3, reverse view of a stamen ; 4, female flower, of which the ovary is considerably advanced; 5, vertical section of an ovary. The latter figures enlarged. XXIV. BERGIA DECUMBENS, Planch. (£latinacee.) B. decumbens: caule suffrutescente diffuso glabro v. apice setuloso opposite ramoso, foliis remotis lanceolatis sessilibus argute serratis acutis, stipulis setaceo-subulatis ciliatis, cymulis axillaribus paucifloris foliis multo breyioribus, pedicellis floribus longioribus, sepalis acuminatis mucronatisque, petalis obovato-oblongis, obtusiusculis. Has.—Macallisberg, Burke & Zeyher. (Herb. T. C. D.) - Duscor.— Root woody, perennial. Stems several, decumbent, 1-2 feet long, with short, opposite, ascending branches. Older stems terete with a dark brown bark; younger 4-angled, glabrous, except near the ends, where they are sparsely-hispid. Leaves 1-1} inch long, 1-2 lines wide, opposite, about an inch apart, often with axillary fascicles, linear-lan- ceolate, sessile, acute, sharply serrate. Stipules subulate, 3-{ inches long, serrate and ciliate. Cymules axillary, subsessile few-flowered ; bracts membranous, toothed or ciliate. Sepals sharply subulate, ribbed. Petals obovate, obtuse or subacute, about as long as the sepals. Sta- mens ten, the petaline shortest, the others with dilated bases. Ovary 5-lobed and celled; styles 5. Fruat ? 16 - CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. A pretty little plant, with the aspect of some of the smaller species of Crassula. It belongs to the group Lancretia. Fig. 1, Beryia decumbens, the natural size. Fig. 2, fragment of the stem, with leaf and stipules; 3, a flower; 4, sepal; 5, petal; 6, four of the stamens, alternately long and short. The latter figures enlarged. XXV. CHATACHME NITIDA, Pl. & Harv. (Ulnacee.) Gey. cHAr.—Ftorrs abortu diclines, monoici; masculi fasciculati, foeminei solitarii. Masc. Pertanthiwm 5-partitum laciniis valvatim in- duplicatis concavis. Stamina 5, laciniis opposita; anthere ovate, api- culate. Ovariirudimentum. Fam. Perianthium parvum, 5-dentatum. Ovarium ovatum, uniloculare, uniovulatum, ovulo apicali pendulo; stigmata duo, longissima, villosa. Fructus? Pl. An. Se. Nat. LIL, vol. 10, p. 266. Ch. nitida: armata v. inermis, ramulis petiolisque puberulis, foliis ovato-oblongis ellipticisve basi et apice obtusis v. acutiusculis setaceo- mucronatis supra nitidis subtus reticulatis glaberrimis. Celtis appendicu- lata, and C. subdentata EF. Mey, in Herb. Drege. Celastrin. ? 1,107, 11, Leyher. Han.— Forests of the Vanstadens Berg, Uitenhage, Zeyher, Dr. Alexander Prior. Galgebosch, Drege. (Herb. T. ©. D.) Descr.—A small, divaricately branched tree; either unarmed or with solitary or twin axillary spines. The young twigs, petioles, and inflorescence, minutely downy ; the rest of the plant glabrous. Leaves spreading, alternate, shortly petioled, ovato-lanceolate, or ovate-oblong, or elliptical, rounded at base, obtuse, subacute or acute at the apex, en- tire, or remotely 2-3 toothed, glossy above, finely reticulate below, with prominent midrib and veinlets, tipped by a long bristle-point. Male fl.in axillary, sub-sessile fascicles; pedicels longer than the flower, with seve- ral imbricated, scaly, brown bracts about their bases. Perianth a line long, 5-parted, the segments concave, somewhat cucullate, with strongly inflexed edges, induplicate in estivation. An oblong abortive ovary, without stigmas. Stamens hypogynous, opposite the segments of the perianth ; filaments filiform, short; anthers cordate-ovate, erect, mu- cronate, 2-celled. Female fi. solitary, pedunculate; perianth smaller than in the male. Stamens none. Ovary crowned with two, long, filiform, densely pubescent stigmas ; ovule solitary, pendulous from the apex of the cell. Chetachme is well distinguished by natural habit from Celtis or Sponia, and its floral characters are sufficiently marked. A second species, Ch. Meyeri, MS. is the Celtis aristata of Drege’s plants. Fig. 1, Chetachme nitida, the natural size. Fig. 2, apex ofa leaf; 3, male flowers, in situ ; 4, sepal; 5,a stamen; 6, abortive ovary of male flower; 7, a considerably ad- vanced female flower ; 8, the ovary cut vertically, The latter figures magnified. inte oe 2 mre CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 17 XXVI. DROSERA RAMENTACEA, Burch. (Droseracea. ) D. ramentacea: 8, glabripes (Sond.); “caule elongato foliis vete- ribus deflexis obtecto, foliis ad apicem approximatis patentibus junioribus erectis lamina anguste obovata subtus pilosiuscula petiolo semi- tereti (glabro) duplo breviore, stipulis in unam intra-axillarem setacco- laciniatam coneretis, scapis e basi adscendente erectis folia multo super- antibus glabris apice cum pedicellis calycibusque glanduloso-pubescen- tibus, corolla calycem duplo superante.’’—Sond. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. ae vol.i., p. 77; DC. Prod. 1, p. 818; Planch, An. Se. Nat. 1848, p. 97. Has.—In boggy places. Summit of Table Mountain, Eck/on & Zeyher, Dr, Pappe, W. H. Harvey. January. (Herb, T.C. D.). Descr.—Stem ascending, 6-12 inches long, or more, suffruticose, simple or with one or two branches, for the greater part closely set with deflexed, withered, persistent leaves. Upper leaves erect or erecto- patent, spathulate, tapering at base into a petiole twice the length of the lamina, glabrous or strigulose externally, the upper surface densely covered with gland-tipped red hairs, and the margin fringed with simi- lar, but longer, hairs. Stipules rigidly membranous, tawny, intra-ax- illary, cleft into 4-3 linear-subulate, very acute lacinie. Peduncles 4-8 inches long, subterminal, becoming lateral, glabrous below, glandular upwards, ending in a many-flowered, unilateral raceme; bracts dislo- cated; pedicels as long as the calyx or shorter, densely glandular. Se- pals oblong, obtuse, 3-4 lines long, glandular. Petals bright-purple, withering, 2-3 times longer than the calyx. -Anthers with a broad, clavate connective. Styles 3, bifurcate near the base, the arms linear, three-toothed at the extremity. Capsule longer than the calyx. Of this handsome species three varieties are described in the “ Flora Capensis.”” Our figure and description are taken from var. f., the com- mon form on Table Mountain. Burchell, who named the species, ga- thered his specimens (var. a.) in the interior, and the third variety (var. y.) was brought by Burke and Zeyher from Macallisberg. Fig. 1, Drosera ramentacea, [3. glabripes ; the natural size. Fig. 2, apex of a sta~ men, showing the broad connective and anther-cells; 3, the ovary and styles; 4, a sti- pule; the latter figures enlarged. XXVII. CYCLONEMA TRIPHYLLUM, Harv. ( Verbenacea.) C. triphyllum: glaberrimum, suffruticosum, e basi ramosum, ramis erectis angulatis, foliis ternis sessilibus lineari-oblongis acutis integer- rimis coriaceis uninerviis aveniis, pedunculis axillaribus unifloris sub calyce bibracteatis, calycis laciniis ovatis acutis. Has.—Macallisberg, Burke & Zeyher. (Herb. T. C. D., comm. Cl. Hook.) Descr.—Root thick and woody. Stem short, dividing near the base into several erect sub-simple branches, 8-12 inches high. Leaves ses- sile, in sub-distant whorls of three each, the lower 4-3 inch, the middle Cc 18 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM and upper 1-14 inches long, from 14 to 3 lines wide, linear-oblong, slightly narrowed to the base, sub-acute, acute, or acuminate, thick and opaque, with a faint midrib, and flat or slightly recurved margin. The — whole plant is glabrous. Peduncles solitary, in the axil of each leaf’, and about equally long, slender, with a pair of opposite, lanceolate bracts near the summit. Calyx semi 5-fid, with a conical tube, equalling the ovate, acute segments. Coralla thrice as long as the calyx, ringent; the stamens and style much exserted. Drupe ovoid, twice as long as the persistent, patent calyx. A distinctly marked species ofa curious genus, of which there are at least two or three others found in the Natal Country, one of which (C. myricoides, Hochst.) is a shrub, and a native also of Abyssinia. Fig. 1, Cyclonema triphyllum: the natural size. Fig. 2, the calyx; 3, the corolla, with stamens and style; 4, apex of a stamen; 5, the ovary; 6,adrupe. The latter figures enlarged. XXVIII. BOUCHEA CUNEIFOLIA, Schauer. ( Verbenacea.) = B. cuneifolia: glabriuscula, foliis carnosulis flabellato-cuneatis basi attenuata sessilibus apice rotundato grosse dentato-serrato dentibus acumiuulatis, spicis alaribus terminalibusque elongatis gracilibus laxi- floris subtilissime pubescentibus, bracteislanceolatis acutie pathicello mauni- festo basi bibracteolato brevioribus, calyce brevidentato, fructifero antice et inferius fisso, capsula calycem subequante obtusi rugulosa basi ex- cavata! Schauer, m DC. Prod. xi., p. 559. Buchnera cunerfolia, Thunb. Fl. Cap., p. 466. B. cernua, Houtt. L. Syst. viii., p. 129, t. 58, f. 2. Phryma deliscens, L. Suppl. p. 277. Chascanum cuneifolium, EF. Mey. Com. Drege, p. 276. Harv. Gen. S.A. Pl., p. 269. Maund. § _ Hensl. Bot., 4, t. 196. Has.—In the Eastern Districts and Caffreland, extending to Port Natal. Welte- vrede, 2500-3000 feet. Between Zuureberg and Klein-Bruintgeshogte, 2000-2500 feet, near Glenfilling, 1000 feet, and at Port Natal, Drege, Krebs, Krauss, &c. Hills near * Bushman’s River, Uit. Zeyher, Uitenhage, Dr. Alewander Prior. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Stem 12-18 inches high, suffruticose, erect, oppositely branched, 4-angled, glabrescent or minutely puberulous; branches erecto- patent, virgate. Leaves opposite, shorter than the internodes, 3-5 lines long, patent, between cuneate and fan-shaped, rounded and coarsely- toothed at the apex, tapering at base into an imperfect petiole, thick in substance, not conspicuously veiny, and turning black in drying. Spikes (spicate-racemes) either terminal or in the forking of two branches, 3-6 inches long, straight, laxly several-flowered : bracts su- bulate, minute, shorter than the pedicel, which is minutely bibractco-_ lated at base, and 14-2 lines long. Calyx 4-5 lines long, linear-pris- matic, with 5 prominent ribs, and 5 alternate furrows, truncate, mi- nutely five-toothed : that of the frait splitting lengthwise. Tube of the corolla nearly twice as long as the calyx; limb spreading, capsule 24 lines long. me ria Mee tat gs seid * eo oe CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. oe The genus Bouchea has representatives as well in North Africa as in America and the peninsula of India. There are 6 8. African species natives of the Northern and Eastern districts. That now figured is the commonest, and will serve as an illustration of the genus. The others have a very similar habit and flowers, and differ chiefly in foliage. Fig. 1, Bouchea cuneifolia; the natural size. Fig. 2, the calyx, laid open; 3, the corolla, laid open, and bearing the stamens; 4, ovary, with style and stigma; 5, the calyx, as seen during anthesis; 6, the splitting calyx of the fruit; 7, the same, further advanced; 8,a capsule; 9, the same, cut across; the latter figures variously enlarged. * XXIX. CROTALARIA PLATYSEPALA, Harv. — (Leguminose.) C. platysepala: fruticosa, ramis tenuissime puberulis, stipulis se- taceis, foliis trifoliolatis, foliolis petiolo vix longioribus elliptico-oblongis mucronulatis supra glabris subtus appresse pubescentibus, racemis ter- minalibus elongatis multifloris, calycis pubescentis profunde 5-fidi laci- niis obovato-oblongis cuspidato-mucronatis infimo angustiore, vexillo pubescente, alis amplis carina longe rostrata vix brevioribus, ovario pubescente stipitato, 6-8-ovulato; legumine? Has.—In sandy soil, between the rivers Tamulakau and Zougha, beyond the Lake Ngami, Jos. M‘Cabe. (Herb. Hook.) Drscr.—* A shrub.” I have only seen the tips of flowering branches. Leaves trifoliolate, subdistant, spreading, the petiole 2-1 inch long, nearly as long as the leaflets, the middle leaflet longest, 2-8 lines wide. Stipules very slender, much shorter than the petioles. Racemes 5-6 inches long, gradually lengthening, 20-30 flowered. Flowers bright- yellow, minutely silky, 4 inch long. Calyx-segments oblong, abruptly subtruncate, and mucronate, all of equal length, but the lowest one nar- rower than the others. Legume not seen. Though this plant scarcely comes within our geographical limits, I~ figure it as a sort of ‘‘ first fruits’? of the Botany of Lake Ngami, and on account of its remarkable calyx, so different from that of any other 8. African species. Fig. 1, Crotalaria platysepala ; a flowering twig, the natural size. Vig. 2, side view of an unopened flower, just before anthesis; 3, the calyx laid open, in side view; 4, one of the ale; 5, ovary andstyle. The latter figures variously enlarged. XXX. LORANTHUS NATALITIUS, Meisn. (Loranthacee:.) L. natalitius: glaberrimus, ramis-virgatis teretibus, foliis sparsis ‘(nune per paria approximatis) lanceolato-oblongis v. obovatis obtusis “basi cuneatis breve petiolatis tenuissime 3-5 nerviis, floribus ad apices ramulorum umbellatis, pedicellis calyce subtriplo longioribus, calyce tur- binato perbrevi sub-repando-dentato, corolle tubo 2-uncias longo cylin- draceo demum hine fisso, fauce angustata, limbi 6-5-fidi laciniis lineari- lanceolatis acutis vix secedentibus, staminibus fauci insertis erectis, c 2 . 20 s CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. antheris linearibus basifixis, stylo suleato apice attenuato, stigmate clavato. Meisn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. vol. i., p. 539. Has.—Parasitical on Mimosas, at Port Natal, Dr. Krauss, No.208. Mr. Sander- son. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.— Whole plant glabrous. Branches 2 or more feet long, little divided, dull green, leafy. Leaves on the larger branches sub-opposite, scattered on the smaller, 14-2 inches long, 5-8 lines wide, flat, with very slender, indistinct nerves and veins, varying from obovate to lan- | ceolate-linear or lanc. oblong, narrowed at base, and gradually passing into a short petiole.’ /Jowers in tufts or umbels, either sessile and late- ral on the larger branches, or more commonly at the leafy ends of uncial ramuli. Pedicels 4-5 lines long, calyx 1-14 line long, obconic, with a truncate or repand, membranous limb. Corolla 2-24 inches long, 1-13 line in diameter, equal through its greater length, narrowed, but scarcely constricted at the throat, with an erect, cohering, 6-(‘‘ 5-” Meisn.)—parted limb, acute in the bud; the lobes linear lanceolate. Our figure, taken from a dried specimen, represents the flowers as pendulous, and so they are described by Meisner; but Mr. Sanderson assures me that, ‘‘ when growing, they stand erect, and as they are of a waxy-white and tipped with yellow, they resemble lighted candles, by which name they are known to the children at Natal.’ Several other species of Loranthus are found in §. Africa, all of them in the Eastern and N. Eastern Districts. Fig. 1, Loranthus natalitius; portion of a flowering branch, the natural size. Fig. 2, the calyx: 3, the throat and limb ofthe corolla forced open, showing the insertion of the stamens; 4, style and stigma; 5, section of the style. The latter figures variously magnified, XXXII. RAWSONIA LUCIDA, Harv. & Sond. (Bixacee.) Gen. Coar.—/Vores hermaphroditi, vy. abortu diclines. Calyx 4—5- partitus, sepalis valde ineequalibus concayis imbricatis persistentibus. Petala 4-5, decidua, inequalia, concava (seepalis conformia), wstivatione imbricata. Squamee-petaloide petalis opposite, basi glandulé biloba aucte. Stamina plurima, pluriseriata, intimis hypogynis, exterioribus ad basin squamarum fasciculatim adnatis: filamenta libera, subulata, exserta ; anthere sagittate, erectze, biloculares, rima laterali dehiscentes. Ovarium toro brevi conoideo insidens, liberum, uniloculare; ovula in placentis 4-5 parietalibus elevatis plurima, anatropa: stylus subnullus ; stigma 4-5-partitum, laciniis subulatis. Mructus (ex ovario carnoso) baccatus ?—Mrutex glaber, foliis alternis nitidis oblongis acutis penniner- vis serratis, spicis axillaribus folio multo brevioribus, floribus subsessili- bus confertissimis. R. lucida. Harv. § Sond. Fl. Cap. i., p. 67. Has.—Colony of Port Natal, J. Sanderson, Esq. (Herb. T. C. D., comm. cl. Hook.) Descr.—A shrub or small tree, nearly or quite glabrous. Leaves alternate, oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 3-5 inches long, 14-2 nidieiidinicdiiiee’ CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 21 inches wide, rigid, glabrous and glossy, penninerved and reticulately - veined, sharply serrulate, the serratures 14 lines apart, callous. S#i- pules none. Petioles 2-38 lines long, channelled. Sprkes axillary, scarcely twiceas long as the petiole, densely few-flowered or subcapitate, on very short peduncles. /Vowers (judging from the dried specimens) yellowish? Sepals, petals, and petalocd scales all unequal. Stamens emit exserted. Perfect and imperfect flowers are found on the same spike, A distinctly marked genus, dedicated by the authors of the ‘ Flora Capensis” to the Hon. Rawson W. Rawson, C. B., Colonial Secretary at the Cape; an ardent promoter and efficient patron of Botany in South Africa, It forms a shrub, with handsome, laurel-like foliage. The struc- ture of the flowers is curious; and the petaloid scales are evidently homologous with the fimbriated rays of Passifloracee, an Order which the present genus serves to connect still closer with Biracee. In Raw- sonia the inner stamens are hypogynous; the outer perigynous! The habit is not unlike that of Smeathmannia laevigata. Fig. 1, Rawsonia lucida, flowering branch the natural size. Fig. 2, two unopened flower buds, in situ; 3, 3, smaller and larger petals; 4, 4, petaloid scales of different shapes, from the same flower; 5, stamens attached to the base of a petaloid-scale, which is opposed to a petal; 6, ovary on its stipe, subtended by the persistent calyx; 7, transverse section of the ovary. The latter figures enlarged. XXXII. SCHOTIA BRACHYPETALA, Sond. (Leguminose. ) S. brachypetala: foliis abrupte pinnatis, foliolis 4-5-jugis obovatis oblongisve obtusis v. emarginatis mucronulatis supra nitidulis reticulato- venosis, panicula racemosa abbreyiata, sepalis basi concretis, petalis mi- nutis linearibus calycis tubo inclusis, filamentis in tubo connatis alterne minoribus, ovario lanceolato-stipitato. Sond. in Linn., vol. xxiii. p. 39. Has.—Port Natal, Dr. Gueinzius. In sheltered valleys, where the soil is dry and rocky, 3000 feet, Dr. Sutherland! At 2000 feet, Mr. Sanderson! Fl. Sep. (Herb. T.C. D. comm. cl. Hook.) Desor.—A large shrub or small tree, glabrous, or nearly so. Leaves scattered, abruptly pinnate, with 4—5 pair of leaflets; leaflets13-23in. long, 1-14 broad, opposite, subsessile ovate-oblong or elliptical, obtuse, mu- cronulate or muticous, reticulate with slender veins. Panieles axillary, shorter than the leaves, much branched, and many-flowered; bracts small, caducous. Pedicels shorter than the calyx. Calyx richly-co- loured, crimson, with a turbinate tube and 5-parted limb ; the segments broadly elliptical, concave, imbricated, very obtuse. Petals very minute, hidden in the base of the calyx-tube, linear. Stamens 10, exserted, combined at base into a campanulate tube, 5 opposite the petals, shorter than the rest. Ovary on a long stipe, lanceolate, corrugated on the ventral margin, glabrous; style filiform, arched ; stigma capitate. A very ornamental shrub, whose brilliantly coloured calyx compen- sates for its abortive petals. The flowers, in colour, resemble those of 22 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. _ SS. speciosa ; the foliage is much larger and bolder than in S. latifolva. It is well worth introducing to English gardens. Fig. 1, Panicle and part of a leaf of Schotia brachypetala; the natural size. Fig. 2, circle of stamens, showing 3 of the minute petals in position; 3, the five petals removed; 4, ovary, style, and stigma. The latter figures enlarged. XXXII. RANDIA KRAUSSII, Harv. (Rubiacee.) R. Eraussii: parcissime spinosa, ramulis virgatis tenuissime puberu- lis, foliis obovatis obtusis basi cuneatis glabris subtus reticulatis brevis- sime petiolatis, pedunculis alaribus 2—3-floris ebracteatis, calycis tubo obconico glaberrimo levi, laciniis obovatis obtusis, corolla velutinse tubo brevissimo, limbo amplo patente laciniis late obovatis undulatis, antheris brevibus. i" en Natal, Krauss, No. 129. Mr. Sanderson, No. 200. Sep. (Herb. Descr.—A rigid shrub, with grayish bark, the younger twigs minutely downy, and occasionally producing axillary spines. Leaves 14-2 inches long, 1-inch or more in width, patent, obovate, tapering at. base into a short petiole, immersedly penninerved above, delicately netted underneath, glabrous. Stipules acuminate. Peduncles ending the twigs, or spuriously lateral, 2-3-flowered, shorter than the leaves; pedicels ebracteate, filiform, longer than the calyx. Calyx-tube quite smooth, obconic ; lacinis obovate, obtuse, equalling the free portion of the tube. Corolla with a tube shorter than the calyx, hairy in the throat; limb patent, 6-8 lines in diameter, velvetty on both surfaces, the segments suborbicular or broadly obovate, undulate, very obtuse. Anthers oblong, not + as long as the corolla-segments. Style swollen in the middle; stigma short, bifid. Fruit the size of a small cherry, crowned with the limb of the calyx. Resembling R. dumetorum, but much less spiny, with laxer inflo- Tescence, and a different calyx and corolla, &e. Fig. 1, branch of Randia Kraussii; the natural size. Fig. 2, corolla laid open; 3, the calyx 34, the same, with style and ovary, vertically bisected ; 5, cross section of the ovary; 6, a ripe fruit, All except Fig. 6 enlarged. XXXIV. RANDIA RUDIS, E. Mey. (Rubiacee.) _R. rudis: inermis v. ramulis glabris virgatis apice spinescentibus, foliis (parvis) fasciculatis obovatis v. ellipticis obtusis basi cuneatis glabris v. subtus subtilissme puberulis brevissime petiolatis, pedunculis unifloris axillaribus calyce brevioribus ebracteatis, calycis tubo obconico glaberrimo levi, laciniis obovatis obtusis, corolle glabra tubo infundi- buliformi subexserto, limbo erecto-patente, laciniisoblon gis planis,antheris linearibus elongatis. EH. Mey. MS. in Hb. Drege. Heinsia Capensis, Buek, in Hb. Ecklon. yyy CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 23 HWan.—Near Enon, on table-land, 1000-2000 feet; and between Hoffman's Kloof and Driefontein, Drege ! Ecklon § Zeyher! Port Natal, Dr, Gueinzius, Dr. Krauss, No. 347. (Herb. T. C. D.) A rigid shrub, readily known from A. Krauss by its smaller, fas- cicled leaves ; short, one-flowered peduncles; and smaller, glabrous, funnel- shaped corolla, with narrow segments and Jong anthers ; differences which are sufficiently shown in our figures. Fig. 1, Randia rudis, spray, the natural size. Fig. 2, a corolla, bearing the sta- mens laid open; 3, a calyx; 4, a vertical section of the same, and of the ovary; 5, trans- verse section of the ovary ; 6, the style and clavate stigma. XXXYV. RANDIA PARVIFOLIA, Harv. (Rubiacee.) R. parvifolia: inermis, ramulis virgatis tenuissime puberulis, foliis (parvis) fasciculatis obovato-rotundatis basi cuneatis glabris subsessilibus, pedunculis unifloris axillaribus calyce brevioribus ebracteatis, calycis tubo obconico scabro, laciniis anguste obovatis mucronatis subcarinatis costatisque, corolle glabre tubo e basi ampliato infundibuliformi, limbo erecto-patente laciniis oblongis planis, antheris linearibus utrin- que acutis elongatis. Has.—Port Natal, Mr. Sanderson. (Herb. T. C. D. comm. cl. Hook.) Chiefly to be known from R. rudis by its scabrous or setulose calyx, with ribbed, subacute, or mucronulate lobes, separated by truncate, ciliolate insterpaces. It is perhaps a mere local variety. Fig. 1, Randia parvifolia, part of a branch and twigs, the natural size. Fig. 2, a corolla laid open; 3, calyx; 4, the same, cut through vertically ; 5, cross section of the ovary; 6, style and clavate stigma. XXXVI. AULAYA COCCINEA, Harv. (Scrophularinee. ) A. coccinea: caule elato, squamis ovatis obtusis, racemo plurifloro, calyce campanulato laciniis triangulari-ovatis tubo brevioribus, coroll tubo sursum inflato calyce subduplo longiore, limbi laciniis undulatis patentibus. Has.—-Port Natal, in dense woods, Back-beach and Borea-bush, Mr. Sanderson. (Herb. T. C. D. comm. cl. Hook.) Descr.—A root-parasite ; ‘‘ whole plant crimson,” viscoso-pubescent, turning black in drying. Stem 12-18 inches high, erect, very straight, simple, ribbed and furrowed, ending in a raceme. Leaf-scales scattered, ovate, obtuse, amplexicaul, concave. Raceme laxly 8-1 0—flowered ; bracts similar to the leaf-scales, about as long as the pedicels. Calyx bell-shaped, half-inch long, with two oblong sublanceolate bracteoles at base, and short, deltoid, or subovate lobes. Corolla, ‘when fully blown, inclining to white,” the tube inflated upwards, incurved, limb spread- ing or reflexed, undulate. Stzgma clavate. es - lg 24 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM, + This species almost unites the genera Harveya & Aulaya, partaking of the characters of each. Among the species of Aulaya it is most nearly allied to A. pauetflora, but has a different calyx, shorter pedi- cels, &e. Fig. 1, Aulaya coccinea, the stem cut in two, the natural size, Fig. 2, a flower with its pedicel and bracteoles: 3, the calyx, laid open and viewed from within; 4, ovary, style, and stigma; 5, 5, stamens. ‘The latter figures more or less enlarged. XXXVII. BOWKERIA TRIPHYLLA, Harv. — (Serophularinew.) Gen. Cuar.—Calyx 5-partitus, sepalis inequalibus postremo latiori zestivatione imbricatis. Corolla ovoideo-ventricosa, bilabiata, labio su- periore galeata erecto bidentato, inferiore inflato-cymbiformi apice tri- lobo. Stamina 4, corollee basi inserta, didynama, inclusa ; antherze didy- me, biloculares, loculis sequalibus parallelis muticis. Ovarium 2-3- loculare ; ovulis plurimis. Sfy/us filiformis; stigma simplex. /ructus ignotus.—Fruter glaberrimus, foliis sepius ternis ovato-lanceolatis den- ticulatis venulosis, cymis terminalibus trifloris, pedicellis bracteatis, floribus viscosis. B. triphylla: /Zarv. in Herb. T.C_D. Haz.—On the Eastern Frontier, Mrs. W. F. Barber. (Herb. T. C. D.). Descr.—A shrub. Branches virgate, glabrous or scaberulous, pale, reddish-buff. Leaves in threes, or opposite, nearly sessile, oblongo-lan- ceolate, rounded at base, subacute, penninerved, slightly corrugated above, nerved and veined, and resinous-dotted underneath, denticulate, nearly glabrous, 3-34 inches long, 1-14 inch broad, pale green. Cymes subterminal, pedunculate, 3-flowered, bracteate; bracts ovate, acute, scarious, deciduous. Calyx 5-parted, sepals acute, strongly imbricate, exuding viscid resin. Corolla more than twice as long as the calyx, egg-shaped, bilabiate; the upper lip vaulted, with a flattish, narrow limb, bifid at the summit; lower pouch-like, with a deeply 3-lobed limb. Genitalia included. Stamens 4, didynamous, attached at the base of the corolla; anthers 2-celled, perfect. Ovary sometimes 3-celled ; style simple. Frui/t unknown. A very remarkable new genus, allied in several respects to Zalleria, but with a corolla more like that of Scrophularia, and a pouched lower lip, reminding of Caleeolaria. The generic name is designed to com- memorate the services rendered to South African Botany by Henry Bowker, Esq., and his sister, Mrs. F. W. Barser* (formerly Miss * In one of Mrs, Barber's recent letters, she writes ;—‘ I am one of your converts ; itis to you that 1 owe the existence of my ‘ hobby,’ for I never should have known any- thing of botany had I not, by mere chance, seen a copy of your ‘Genera of 8, African Plants,’ with the introduction to Botany at the beginning of it. ‘This volume I borrowed, and hence commenced some of the happiest days of my life; for in all places, and at all times, in peace and in war, botany has been one of my greatest pleasures; and often, when we have been driven away from our homes, and had them burned by savages, and have had nothing to shelter us but a waggon for months together, then botany has been my = i CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 2 ‘ oe: Bowxer) ; who have both contributed largely to our knowledge of the plants of the Eastern frontier, and to whom I am indebted for many interesting specimens, several of which will be figured as this work proceeds. : Fig. 1, Bowkeria triphylla; the natural size. Fig. 2, the calyx; 3, corolla laid open, to show the stamens; 4, anther; 5, ovary and style; 6 and 7, sections of ovaries : all enlarged. = XXXVI. THUNBERGIA NATALENSIS, Hook. (Acanthacea.) T. Natalensis: erecta, glabriuscula, foliis cordato-ovatis acutis breve-petiolatis 3-5 nerviis repando-denticulatis supra glabris subtus adnervos setulosis, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis unifloris folio-bre- vioribus, bracteis oblongo-ovatis acutis subtrinerviis reticulatis, corolle tubo flavo bracteas superante, limbo ceruleo, calycis dentibus 5 latis triangularibus obtusis incurvis, antheris basi cornutis, stylo superne di- latato in stigmate concavo triangulari expanso. Hook. Bot. Mag. tab. Haxs.—On the skirts of clumps of bush, 600-2500 feet, extending from near D’Ur- ban to Townhill, Mauritzberg, Mr. Sanderson. (Herb. T. C. D.) Duscr.—Stemshrubby at base, 2 or more feet high, furrowed, nearly glabrous. Leaves 3-4 inches long, 2-24 wide, patent or deflexed, on petioles +2 inch long, more or less deeply cordate at base, deep green above, paler beneath, subentire or obsoletely repando-dentate: the nerves underneath strigose. Peduncles 14 inches long. Bracts 2 inch long, 4 lines wide, netted with veins. Calyx minute, shorter than the disc. Tube of the nodding corolla 14 inch long, trumpet-shaped, tumid under- neath, pale yellow; limb sky-blue, 5-lobed, spreading. Style expand- ing at the summit into a hollow, cornucopix-shaped stigma. Our figure, taken from wild specimens, has more distant leaves, longer petioles, and smaller flowers than are represented by Hooker, whose beautiful plate was drawn from plants that flowered in an English hothouse. Fig. 1, Thunbergia Natalensis, the natural size. Fig. 2, the involucre of two bracts ; 3, astamen; 4, ovary, in its disc, and the dilated style: enlarged. sovereign remedy to drive away care. And often my two little boys would say :— ‘Mamma, shall we ask papa to have the waggon inspanned to go to another place, for there are no more new wild flowers here?’ So you see, anything I can do to assist you, by collecting plants, is only repaying the debt of gratitude I owe you for value received.” I trust I violate no confidence in thus printing part of a lady's letter, which I do, because it happily illustrates the power of botany to afford interesting amusement and occupation when shut out from society and from ordinary pursuits. How many unemployed hours of a forced or voluntary bush life are tediously spent, which might be pleasantly and usefully filled up, if the mind were imbued with Natural History tastes ! When the ob- serving faculties have been once roused and directed to natural objects or phenomena, the taste for recording observations and collecting specimens quickly follows, and the late victim of ennui, now “all eye, all ear,” finds that time no longer lags, but runs only too quickly away. Iam happy tosay that I have made more than one 8. African “convert, but if my little book had produced no other result than the pleasure it has afforded to my excellent correspondent, and the interesting specimens she has contributed for what she calls “ value received,” I should consider myself amply repaid. : 26 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM., XXXIX. CUSCUTA CAPENSIS, Chois. ( Convolvulacee.) C. Capensis: caule filiformi, floribus corymboso-racemosis laxis confertisve, racemulis pedunculatis, floribus pediccllatis, pedicello brac- tea subtriplo longiore, corolla calycem 2-3-plo superante profunde 5-fida, laciniis acutis rectis, staminibus exsertis, squamis oblongis fimbriatis, stylis divergentibus apice clavato-incrassatis. Has.—Kaymansgat, Drege. Near George, on Laurophyllus, Dr. Alexander Prior ! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Stem as thick as packthread, reddish-brown, glabrous. Racemules few-flowered, 2-1 inch long, many springing from a thick- ened knob, and often forming dense, fastigiate, globose tufts 15 inches in diameter. Pedicels 3-4 lines long, with a small, subtending, rufous bract. Calyx 4 line; corolla 15 lines long, campanulate, deeply cut ; the segments triangular, erect. Sguame oblong or obovate, sharply lacerate. Stamens shorter than the segments of corolla. Styles ending in club-shaped, spreading stigmata. One of the most showy of the South African Cuscute. Fig. 1, Cuscuta Capensis, parasitical on Laurophyllus Cupensis, the natural size. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, corolla laid open, seen from within; 4, a squama; 5, ovary and styles; 6, cross-section of ovary : enlarged, XL. TRICHODESMA ANGUSTIFOLIUM, Harv. (Boraginee.) T. angustifolium: caulibus erectis teretibus scabris, foliis lanceo- lato-linearibus basi et apice acutis subsessilibus albo-tuberculatis sca- berrimis, calyce 5-partito demum aucto et inflato sinubus reflexis, laciniis cordatis acuminatis tubum corolle equantibus, nucibus intus asperulis dorso dentibus pluriseriatis cinctis. Has.—Macallisberg, Burke & Zeyher! Plains on the Rhinoster River, Free State, 7000-8000 feet, Mr. Sanderson! (Herb. T. C. D. Hook.) Derscr.—12-18 inches high, ascending-erect, many stemmed; branches erect and virgate, occasionally opposite, grayish, rough with hard, white, raised points. Leaves 2-3 inches long, 14-2 lines wide, rough with white, bristle-tipped tubercles, darkening in drying. Pe- duncles 1 flowered, opposite the leaves, and shorter than them. Calyx in flower, $ inch, in fruit an inch or more long; the segments becom- ing proportionably wider and more cordate as they advance to maturity. Corolla not longer than the calyx; its lobes cuspidate. Nuts fringed with a broad band of sharp teeth : granulated on the inner face. Fig. 1, Trichodesma angustifolium, the natural size. Fig. 2, one of the calyx seg- ments in anthesis; 3, limb of corolla displayed; 4, front view, and 5, back view of an anther; 6, one ofthe nuts, The latter figures enlarged. XLI. DISA ACONITOIDES, Sond. = tOrabiddnd) D. aconitoides : caule rigido folioso, folio radicali oblongo obtuso, caulinis lato-lanceolatis aeutis acuminatisve, spica elongata multiflora, bracteis venosis flores parvulos equantibus, sepalis oblique-ovatis obtusis ae CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 27 sub apice mucronulatis margine exteriore inflexis, galea encullato-saccata porrecta antice truncata, petalis oblongis basi et apice rotundatis medio hine constrictis columelle. oblique adnatis subcarnosis, labello oblongo basi angustato sepalis breviori. Sond. in Linn., vol. xix., p. 91. Hax.—In woods at Olifantshoek, near Bosjesman’s River, Uit., Ecklon & Zeyher. Albany, Mrs. F. W. Barber! Near Grahamstown, Col. Bolton! (Herb. T. C. D.) Drscr.—Stem 12-18 inches high, clothed throughout with suberect leaves, longer than the internodes; the root leaf 3-6 inches long, 6-8 lines wide, obtuse; the upper shorter, narrower, and more acuminate. Flowers often 20-40 in a lax spike, 4-12 inches long. Bracts erecto- patent, ovate, acute, scarious, and veiny, 5-2 inch long. Ovary rather shorter than the bract. /Vower 3 lines long, lateral sepals sub-horizontal, 2 lines long, longer and broader than the labellum, subearnose. Galea bonnet-shaped, prolonged backwards into a long, subacute hood; trun- cate in front. Petals adnate with the column, much constricted in the middle, and enlarged at each end. -Anther horizontal. A pretty little species, with numerous, but small flowers ; the galea shaped like a quaker’s bonnet. Fig. 1, Disa aconitoides (rather a small specimen), the natural size. Fig. 2, side view of a flower; 3, galea, front view; 4, sepals; 5, petals seen from within, showing the ridge by which they adhere to the column; 6, the labellum; 8, anther and stigma. The latter figures enlarged. XLII. SCHIZOGLOSSUM ATROPURPUREUM, E. Mey. (Aselepiadee.) S. atropurpureumi: caule erecto simplicissimo bifariam pubescente, foliis ovato-oblongis mucronulatis puberulis v. glabratis internodia equantibus v. vix superantibus marginibus scabris recurvis, superiori- bus subhastato-oblongis auriculis obtusis, pedunculis brevibus multifloris, floribus atro-purpureis, corolle lobis obtusissimis, coronse-staminese foliolis emarginatis processu bipartito recto auctis. £. Mey. Comm. Dreg. p. 219. Dne. in DC. Prod. 8, p. 553. Hazs.—Grassy places on the Witberg, 5000-6000 feet. Drege. Caffreland, Rev. J. Brownlee! Kreili’s Country, H. Bowker, Esq. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Root ? Stem erect, 12-15 inches high, quite simple, softly pubescent on opposite sides. Leaves opposite, erecto-patent, equalling or scarcely exceeding the internodes, 1} inch long, ¢ inch wide, oblong, subtruncate at base, mucronate, with recurved margins, pubescent along the nerves beneath, scabrous above, especially toward the margins. Umbels terminal and from the axis of the uppermost, depauperated leaves, shortly pedunculate, 4—6-flowered. Pedicels and calyx pubes- cent. Corolla rotate, dark purple, glabrous. Corona of oval, flattish, emarginate, fleshy scales, bicuspidate on the inner face, below the apex. Pollen masses broad-based, ovate, sessile. Stegma peltate, 5-crenate. Decaisne describes the corona “ foliolis rotundatis appendicula ex- terna prominente sub-horizontali emarginata, inter. breviter bifidis rectis,” characters which I cannot find on the specimen here figured, but 28 CONSPECTUS TABULA RUM. which in other respects agrees with his description. I have not seen any authentic specimen of Drege’s plant. Fig. 1, Schizoglossum atropurpureum, the natural size. Fig, 2, a flower; 3, scales of the corona-staminea, different views; 4, stamens and stigma ; 5, a pair of pollen masses. The latter figures variously magnified. XLII. TENARIS RUBELLA, E. Mey. (Asclepiadee.) T. rubella: /. Mey. Comm. Drege, p. 198. Endl. Gen. No. 3504. Dne. in DC. Prod. 8, p. 606. Has.—In grassy places. Adow and Glenfilling, 800-1500 feet. Drege! Near the Zwartkops River, Dr. Puppe ! Albany, Dr. Alexander Prior ; Howison’s Poort, H. Hut- ton, Esq. (Herb. T. C. D., &.) Descr.—Loot fleshy, placenteeform, an inch or more in diameter. Stems one or several from the same root, 1-2 feet high, very slender, erect, simple, glabrous. Leaves opposite, from 4 inch to 3-4 inches apart, erect, very narrow-linear, 2-3 inches long, 4-1 line wide, sessile, slightly narrowed at base, subacute, with reflexed margins. /Jowers pale purplish red, in a terminal-elongating, pseudo-raceme: pedicels 1-2 flowered, longer or shorter, naked or bracteolate in the middle. Sepals lanceolate, glabrous. Corolla rotato-stellate, with 5 erect or spreading, linear-spathulate, truncate, mucronulate segments, papillose below the middle. Corona-staminea of 5 short, cucullate, sharply emarginate squame, alternating with the stamens, and 5internal subulate teeth opposite the stamens ; the squamz furnished on the inner face, at base, with two minute tooth-like processes. Pollinia erect, oval. Stigma flat, 5-angled. A graceful little plant, apparently not uncommon on the Eastern frontier. Fig. 1, Tenaris rubella, the natural size, Fig. 2, 3, lobes of the corolla; 3, the corona surrounding the stamens and pistil; 4, part of the corona laid open, and viewed from within; 5, pollen masses. Variously magnified. XLIV. MIMUSOPS OBOVATA, Sond. (Sapotacee.) M. obovata: ‘ramis ramulisque teretibus glabris, foliis petiolatis obovatis obtusis v. obtuse-acuminatis utrinque glaberrimis coriaceis margine planis v. subrevolutis, axillis 1-2 floris, pedicellis ferrugineis erectis petiolo 4-5—plo longioribus, lobis calycinis lanceolatis acuminatis exterioribus dorso ferrugineo-puberulis intus albidis, interioribus suban- gustioribus albido-velutinis, corolla longitudine calycis, drupa ovata v. subglobosa apiculata, semine elliptico-oblongo,’—Sond. in Linn., vol. xxii. p. 75. Imbricaria obovata, Nees, MSS. Has.—Woods near Olifant’s Hoek, Uitenhage, Ecklon & Zeyher. Port Natal, Guein- zius, 583 and 101; T. Williamson, J. Sanderson, &c. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A shrub with grayish bark. caves scattered, variable in size, sometimes 2—3 inches long, sometimes 1-14 inch, on petioles from CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 29 4 to 3 inch long, spreading, obovate, entire, very obtuse or subacute, flat, glossy above, with immersed veins and prominent midrib. Pedicels two or more, from the axils of the upper leaves, or in a spurious raceme on the naked extremity of the branches, rubescent, appressedly silky, as is also the calyx. JVowers = inch in diameter, the silky calyx-lobes equalling the corolla. Corolla glabrous, its lobes of both series subulate, acute. Sterile stamens densely hispidulous, with a long glabrous eus- pidate point. -Anthers acuminate, longer than the filaments. Drupe ? inch long, ovate, acuminate, smooth, pale. Mr. Sanderson sends two varieties, one with leaves twice the size of the other, but not otherwise different. This species is known from I. caffra by its thinner, flatter, and perfectly glabrous and glossy leaves, neither tomentulous beneath, nor with revolute borders. Fig. 1, Mimusops obovata, and 2, a drupe; both the natural size. Fig. 3, calyx ; 4, some lobes of the doubled corolla, laid open; 5, a stamen flanked by two barren sta- mens (staminodia); 6, ovary and style; 7, cross section of ovary. The latter figures variously enlarged. XLV. ALBERTA MAGNA, E. Mey. (Rubiacee.) A. magna: LE. Mey! in Hb. Drege-—Endl. Gen. No. 3327. Har.—On hills between Omsamcaba aud Omsamcubo, 1000-2000 feet. Drege! Feb. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A tree (?) or large shrub. Young branches glabrous, with reddish-brown bark. Leaves oblong-elliptical, acute at base, and shortly petiolate, subobtuse, 4-5 inches long, 14—2 inches wide, glabrous, flat, and smooth above, finely feather-veined beneath, with recurved margins. Stipules horny, brown, cup-like, unidentate at each side. FVowers in a terminal panicle, with cymoid branches. Pedicels tomentulose, brac- teate at base. Calyx tomentose, unequally 5-lobed, 2 lobes oblong, very obtuse, 8 sharply triangular, shorter. Coro//a tubular, incurved, 4-5 times longer than the calyx, pubescent, angular, with a very short, erect, 5-parted limb ; segments obliquely ovate, twisted, imbricate, acute. Stamens included; anthers sessile, linear, apiculate. Style filiform ; ovary 2-celled ; ovules solitary. wit dry, oblong, 10-ribbed and fur- rowed, crowned with the persistent calyx-limb, whose two obtuse lobes become dilated, leafy, veiny, and membranous. Only known to me by the specimens distributed by Drege. Its most striking character lies in the unequally parted calyx-limb, two of whose lobes lengthen, as the fruit ripens, into leat-like expansions; the other lobes remaining unchanged. Fig. 1, Alberta magna, the natural size. Fig. 2, calyx and style; 3, limb of the calyx, laid open; 4, apex of the corolla, slit open and flattened, showing the insertion of the anthers; 5, the fruit, with two wing-like foliations; 6, cross section of the ovary. These figures more or less enlarged. 30 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. XLVI VIOLA DECUMBENS, Linn. f. ( Violariee.) A. decumbens ; ‘ fruticulosa, caulibus procumbentibus ramosissimis, foliis linearibus angustissimis integris confertis, stipulis subulato-lineari- bus adnatis, calcare tubuloso recto sepala subeequante.’— Sond.—Linn. f. Suppl., p. 397. Thunb. Fl. Cap., p. 186. V. decumbens, a. tenuis, Baril. Linn. vii. p. 540. EB. & Z, No. 120. V. decumbens, B. longifolia, £. Mey. Harv. & Sond F1., cap. i. p. 73. Has.—Sandy places. Hottentots’ Hollandberg, near Palmiet River and Klynrivier- berg, Ecklon & Zeyher! Drege! (Herb. T. C. D.) ~- Descr.— Stems densely tufted, woody at base, chiefly branched below, the larger branches decumbent, the twigs ascending or suberect, 3-6 inches long; dark brown, glabrous. Leaves 4-1 inch long, 1 line wide, acute, subsessile. Stipules long or short, toothed or entire. Pedunceles subterminal or spuriously lateral, 2-4 inches long, bibracteolate, one flowered. Sepals lanceolate-acuminate. /7owers blue, yellowish at base, the spur about equalling the calyx. V. scrotiformis, DC., retained as a species in Flora Capensis, differs chiefly in its shorter and more saceate spur ; but I fear ought only to be regarded as a marked variety. Fig. 1, Viola decumbens, the natural size. Fig. 2, a sepal; 3, the five petals, sepa- rated and displayed; 4, a stamen; 5, ovary and style. Variously magnified. XLVI. I[ONIDIUM CAFFRUM, Sond. : (Violariee.) I. caffrum: suffruticulosum, caulibus erectis foliisque pubescenti- scabridis, foliis brevissime petiolatis ovatis v. oblongo-ovatis acutis margine recurvo-subserratis, stipulis subulatis, pedunculis axillaribus unifloris, sepalis lanceolatis apice glabris, labello maximo subquadrato subretuso, calcare brevissimo.— Sond. Linn., vol. xxiii. p. 23. FU. Cap., i. p- 74. Han,—Port Natal, Gueinzius, Sanderson! (Herb. T. ©. D.) Descr.—Suffruticose, erect, or flexuous, branched near the base, minutely pubescent in all parts; pale green. Leaves subsessile, ovate, or elliptical acute at each end, obsoletely crenulate, 4-2 inch long, 4—5 lines wide. Peduneles from the axils of the upper leaves, 14-2 inches long, bibracteolate near the summit, one flowered. Flower cernuous, 6-7 lines long. Upper petals shortest, spathulate, nerved and keeled, acute ; /ateral obliquely linear oblong, or subfaleate, very obtuse, curved upwards; labellum on a channelled stipes, quadrate, longitudinally striate, broader than long; spur very short. Calyx seg- ments keeled, pubescent at base, glabrous upwards. Fig. 1, Ionidium Caffrum, the natural size. Fig. 2, calyx; 3, one of the upper petals; 4, one of the Jateral petals; 5, labellum; 6, the stamens, opened out; 7, ovary and style. More or less enlarged. s : é } eaygany wet ais iicic (Ris Sp agga ne pales aba ei ae SeaTac pattie ee ¥ CONSPECTIUS TABULARUM. a XLVIII. ERICA ALOPECURUS, Harv. ( Ericecaw.) E. (Ephebus) Alopecurus: ramis virgatis ramulis perbrevibus erectis foliosis densissime obtectis, foliis ternis linearibus obtusis mar- gine revolutis subtus bisulcatis canescenti-tomentosis erectis ineurvisve, florum umbellulis ad apices ramorum congestis spicam mentientibus, bracteis remotis, sepalis linearibus tomentosis, corolla ovoideo-urceolata extus puberula, antheris inclusis subulato-aristatis, aristis scabris, ovario villoso. Has.—Caffreland, Rev. J. Brownlee! 1838. Rovelo Hills, Natal, Lat. 27° 31’, S. at 7000 feet, Dr, Sutherland! (Herb. T. C. D. Hook.) Descr. A shrub. Branches virgate, 1 foot or more long, closely imbricated throughout their whole length with minute erect leafy ramuli, from +—4 inch long. Leaves in threes, 2-3 lines long, densely tomentose and canescent, narrow linear, very blunt, convex above, furrowed, with a visible midrib beneath, the margin strongly revolute. Umbels 3-flowered, on very short, 1-14 line long branchlets, which are densely crowded at the ends of the branches into a long, cylindrical false spike. Bracts removed from the calyx, linear, as are the woolly sepals. Corolla pale pink, dry, downy, egg-shaped, with a very small mouth and limb. Anthers with long, subulate, rough awns. Ovary villous; style glabrous; stigma equal. | , Readily known from the other Zphebi by its densely spiked inflo- rescence, imbricated ramuli, and hoary leaves. It appears to have escaped the notice of all African collectors, except the two gentlemen above named : and is interesting as being one of the few Heaths that straggle into the subtropical regions N. E. of the colony. Fig. 1, Erica Alopecurus ; a flowering branch, the natural size. Fig. 2, a flower, on its pedicel, with the bracts in situ; 3, au anther, with its scabrous awns; 4, ovary, and one stamen; 5, a whorl of leaves; 6, back and front views of a leaf. More or less magnified. XLIX. CYCNIUM SANDERSONI, Harv. (Scrophularinea.) C. Sandersoni: glabriuscula, caule simplici erecto elato, foliis obovato-oblongis argute inciso-serratis basi cuneatis integris, floribus pedunculatis racemosis, bracteis adnatis linearibus, calycis striati den- tibus subulato-acuminatis diametro tubi longioribus, corolle tubo bre- viter exserto, limbi amplissimi labio superiore bilobo inferiore tripartito, lobis obovatis integerrimis. Has.—On Field’s Hill, Natal, at 800 feet. J. Sanderson! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Stem 2-3 feet high, erect, simple, somewhat angular, glabrous, or nearly so. Leaves opposite, 1-14 inch long, 3-2 inch broad, cuneate and entire at base, sharply incised or coarsely serrate from the middle to the extremity. /Vowers in a long, terminal, Iany-flowered raceme, on pedicels longer than the leaves. Calyx 1 inch in length, 32 CONSPECTUS TARULARUM. 13-2 lines in diameter, nearly glabrous, or microscopically puberulous, prismatico-cylindrical, equal, its segments much acuminated and twice as long as the diameter of the tube. Tube of the corolla slightly exserted ; the ample limb nearly two inches in breadth, its segments veiny, obtuse, or retuse, broadly obovate. /%/aments hairy ; anther obtuse. A very fine species, nearly allied to C. racemosum and C. Kraus- sianum; particularly to the former, but much taller and more robust and more glabrous than either. The whole plant turns black in drying ; Mr. Sanderson does not say what its colour was when growing. The flowers, probably, are white. Fig. 1, Cyenium Sandersoni, lower half of a raceme, the natural size. Fig. 2, calyx, with its adnate bracts; 8, astamen. ‘The latter figures enlarged. L. CYCNIUM TUBATUM, Benth. (Serophularinee.) C. tubatum: caule erecto glabro aphyllo squamato, squamis ovatis distantibus, floribus racemosis maximis, bracteis liberis, calyce inflato breviter dentato, corolle hirsute tubo longe exserto laciniis latissimis undulatis, filamentis glabris. Benth. in DC. Prod., vol. x. p. 505. Oro- banche tubata, E. Mey. Han.—Between Gekau and Basche River, Drege. Caledon River, Burke, Caffraria, Rev. J. Brownlee! Port Natal, Krauss! Sanderson! (Herb. T. C. D.) Derscr.—Stem 1-2 feet high, simple, robust, angular, glabrous, with several distant irregularly inserted pairs of ovate, glabrous scales, 3-1 inch long. Vowers in a terminal raceme, on shorter or longer axillary pedicels. Calyx 14 inch long, nearly 4 inch in diameter, swollen, subeylindrical, with short ovate or deltoid teeth. Bracts on the pedicel, linear. Corolla nearly thrice as long as the calyx, hairy with turgid, somewhat viscid hairs, yellowish white or cream-coloured, turning black (as does the whole plant) indrying. Filaments glabrous; anthers ovate, acute at base. The most robust of the genus, with the habit rather ofa ZZarveya or Aulaya. Being root-parasites, neither this nor the preceding species is cultivatable, at least in the present state of horticultural science. Fig. 1, Cycnium tubatum, and 2, base of stem; the natural size, Fig. 8, a cutting from the tube of the corolla, laid open, to show the stamens. Magnified. LI. TRYPHOSTEMMA SANDERSONI, Harv. (Passifloracee.) Gen. Coar.—Flores hermaphroditi. Perigondi tubus brevis, conicus; limbus 6—partitus laciniis biseriatis, tribus interioribus inter se inequa- libus, duo majoribus herbaceis albo-marginatis, altera lineari membra- naceo-petaloidea. Corona-staminea perigyna, tubo inserta, duplex, utraque annularis ; exterior apice fimbriato-lacera, interior staminigera, integer- rima v. obsoletissime crenata. Stamina 5, corone interiori adnata; CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 33 filamenta subulata; anther erect, sagittate, biloculares. Ovarinn sessile, uniloculare ; ovula in placentis 3-4 parietalibus perpauca. Sty/’ 3-4, filiformes; stigmata capitata. /ructus capsularis ?—Herba basi vie suffruticulosa glabra multicaulis ; caulibus simpliciusculis angulatis erectis, folits alternis sessilibus ovatis ciliolato-denticulatis penninerviis ve- nosis, stipulis subulatis liberis patentibus v. deflexis, racemulis 2-3 floris axillaribus, floribus perparvis extus herbacets purpureo-maculatis, T. Sandersoni: Harv. Haxs.—Port Natal, J. Sanderson. (Herb. T. ©. D., comm. Cl. Hook.) Descr.—Root perennial, woody. Stems numerous, 4—6 inches high, erect, quite simple, angular, ribbed and furrowed. eaves alternate, quite sessile, not articulated with the stem, the bulbous base of the mid- rib coalescing with the node, ovate, acute, 1-1} inch long, 3—2 inch broad, subdistantly ciliolate with subulate cilia or denticulations; the midrib prominent below, and the veins evident and closely netted. The whole plant is glabrous. Peduneles axillary, about as long as the leaves, 2-3 flowered; one or more bracteoles at the base of each pedicel. Flowers 2-3 lines in diameter, greenish with purple dots outside, whitish (?) above. Exterior segments of the perianth ovate-oblong, equal, two of the ¢nterior much larger than the third, and broadly ovate, with white margins, while the third is linear, sublanceolate, and petaloid. Outer corona elegantly fringed; inner (bearing the stamens) subcrenulate. Styles varying from three to four. Ovules few. A passifloraceous genus with flowers no bigger than a chichweed is a botanical curiosity. The flowers, though so small, are seen to have, when examined underthe microscope, all theessential parts of a Passiflora, and our genus chiefly differs by its sessile ovary and free stamens. Its two coronas, the inner bearing the stamens, and the outer merely fringed, appear both to belong to the sfaminal circle, and render it probable that the manifold corona of Passiflora has a similar origin. We hope our friends at Natal will keep a wateh for other small Passifloracez, which are wanting as connecting links between the more highly and less highly organized genera of the Order ; the present is one such link, others are Acharia, Ceratiosycyos, and Modecca, and it is highly probable that the region which produces these may furnish others as interesting. Burchell’s ** Paschanthus’ remains a botanical puzzle. : Fig. 1, Tryphostemma Sundersoni, the natural size, Fig. 2, a fiower; 3, reverse side of perianth; 4, inner corona-staminea, bearing the stamens ; 5, outer corona 36 &7 pistils, from different flowers; 8, cross section of an ovary; the latter figures variously magnified. Lil. TRIUMFETTA TRICHOCARPA, Sond. ( Tilacee.) T. tri : fruticosa, pilis stellatis vestita, ramis teretibus scabris, foliis alternis brevissime petiolatis oblongis v. ovato-oblongis ob- D 34 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. tusiusculis basi acutis trinerviis dentatis utrinque velutino-pubescenti- bus, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis sub-trifloris in apice ramuli subcy- moso-aggregatis, sepalis linearibus apice fornicatis dorso cornutis, petalis oblongis basi angustatis, ovario biloculari, capsula setosa setis longissimis rectis patentim pilosis—Sond/ in Linn., vol. xxiii. p. 19. Harv. § Sond., Fl. Cap., 1. p. 228. Has.—Macallisberg, and near the Vaal River, Burke & Zeyher ! Zooloo Country, Miss Owen! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A rigid shrub, rough in all parts with harsh, but rather thinly set, stellate hairs. Branches erect, virgate, with rusty coloured bark. Leaves on minute petioles, 1-14 inch long, 4? inch wide, pale green, unequally and somewhat doubly serrate. Peduncles crowded toward the end of the branches, the subtending leaf often depauperated. Petals yellow. Capsule covered with very long, plumose, straight bristles. Much more shrubby than any other S. African species, with sub- sessile leaves; and readily known when in fruit by the long, straight bristles of the capsule. Fig. 1, Abranch of Triumfetta trichocarpa, the natural size, Fig. 2, a sepal; 3,a petal; 4, pistil, with one of the stamens in situ; the latter figures variously magnified. LIT. BRACHYCORYTHIS OVATA, Lindl. _ (Orchidee.) B. ovata: glabra, foliis ovatis acuminatis, sepalis ovato-oblongis sub- acutis, petalis oblique ovatis acutis, labelli sacculo oblongo naviculari sulcato, limbo porrecto obtuse tridentato,—Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid., p. 363. Has.—Between the Omsamwnbo and Omsamcabe, Drege. Field’s Hill, near Port Natal, J. Sanderson! On the grassy flats beyond Butterworth, Brit. Caffraria, Mrs. F. W. Barber ! (Herb. T.C. D.) Descr.—Root ? Stem 1-2 feet high, densely leafy throughout. Leaves broadly ovate, clasping the stem, ovato-concave, imbricating, 14— 2 inches long, 1-1} inch wide at base, tapering to a sharp point. Flowers very numerous, ina dense, leafy spike, ‘‘ having the scent of an English violet” (Mrs. Barber). Back sepal ovate, subacute, equal-sided, 3-nerved; lateral ovate-oblong, oblique, much longer. Petals produced at base in front and rounded, obliquely ovate, acute, erect. Labellum with a hori-. zontal, ovate-oblong, boat-like hollow base, and an erecto-patent 3- toothed limb. All parts of the plant are quite glabrous. This little known plant exists in very few herbaria, though neither of my obliging correspondents, who have recently sent it, mention it as uncommon. The colour of the flower is not stated. The whole plant turns blackish in drying. —< CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 35 LIV. BRACHYCORYTHIS PUBESCENS, Harv. ( Orchidee.) _B. pubescens : densissime pubescens, foliis ovatis acuminatis, sepalis elliptico-oblongis obtusissimis, petalis oblongo-linearibus obtusis, labelli sacculo brevissimo, limbo defiexo argute tridentato, dentibus lateralibus incurvis. Has.—Plentiful near D’Urban, Port Natal, J. Sanderson. (Herb. T. C. D.) Duscr.— Root and lower part of stem not seen. Stem (probably) 2 feet high, densely imbricated throughout with leaves, velutino- pubes- cent, as are also the leaves, bracts, ovaries, and sepals, Leaves closely set on all sides, ovate, acuminate, flat, subcordate, and amplexicaul at base, the upper ones 13-2 inches long, and 1-14 wide. lowers very many in a long leafy spike, “crimson and white,’’ 3-4 lines long. Sepals and petals erect; the /abellum pendulous. Lateral sepals elliptic-oblong, very obtuse, obliquely ovate at base, 3-nerved; back sepal elliptical, much shorter. Peta/s equalling the back sepal, or a little longer, broadly linear or sub-oblong, slightly curved, unequal at base. Cup of the da- bellum very short and small; the limb broadly obovate and sharply 3-toothed, the lateral teeth turning inwards. Ovary densely pubescent. A very distinct species, recently sent by Mr. Sanderson, and no- ticed by no other collector, though said to be common in the neigh- bourhood of D’Urban, where probably many more of these curious plants are still ‘‘ wasting their sweetness on the desert air.’”’ I hope this notice may attract the attention of residents at Natal to their neglected ground- Orchidea. Fig. 1, Brachycorythis pubescens, upper portion of a flowering stem, the natural size. Fig. 2,a flower; 3, the same, after the sepals have been removed; 4, sepals; 5, petals; all enlarged. LY. HABENARIA ARENARIA, Lindl. ( Orchidea.) H. arenaria: foliis binis radicalibus oblongo-ovatis acutis, scapo vaginato, racemo laxo multifloro, bracteis membranaceis acuminatis pe- dicellis ovariorum longioribus, labelli tripartiti laciniis anguste lineari- bus acutis lateralibus recurvis brevioribus, calcare pendulo clavato-fili- formi ovario longiore.—Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid., p. 817. Burch. Cat. Geogr., No. 5654. j Haz.—Cape, Burchell, Howison’s Poort, H. Hutton! C. Zeyher! Albany, Mrs. F. W. Barber! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.— Bulb ?—Leaves two, 4-6 inches long, 2-3 inches wide, ovate-oblong, acute, thin and membranous when dry, probably softly- succulent when fresh, many-nerved. Stem 1-14 feet high, slender, laxly sheathed; the lower sheath often leafy, the rest laxly clasping, acuminate. Raceme 3-8 inches long, laxly several flowered. Lraets lanceolate or ovato-lanceolate, about 14 times longer than the stalks of the ovary. Flowers 2-2} lines long, the spur 2 inch long, thickened D2 36 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. to the extremity. Petals falcato-lanceolate, acute. Labellum 3-parted, the segments spreading widely, linear, acute. Posterior sepal broadly ovate, concave, “erect ; lateral deflexed, ovato-lanceolate. Ovary on a long pedicel. This has the smallest flowers and the largest leaves of the Cape spe- eies, most of which belong to the section Bonatea. Fig. 1, Habenaria arenaria, the natural size. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, back sepal; 4, lateral sepal; 5, petals; all enlarged. LVI. STENOGLOTTIS FIMBRIATA, Lindl. ( Orchidee.) S.fimbriata: Lindl. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag., ii. p. 210. Has.—Between the Omsamwubo and Omsamcabe, Drege. Near Port Natal, Dr. Gueinzius, J. Sanderson, R. Hallack. Howison’s Poort, Albany, H, Hutton, (Herb. T. €. D> Descr.—Roots tuberous, fasciculated, fusiform. Leaves all radical, numerous, oblongo-lanceolate, acute or occasionally sub-obtuse, spread- ing, or sub-horizontal. Stem 6-15 inches high, with small and distant ovato-lanceolate, clasping squamiform sheaths. Spike laxly several or many-flowered, 3-6 inches long. Sracts erect, shorter than the ovary, lanceolate, acute. lowers 2-3 lines long, delicately membranous in texture when dry, reversed, the labellum directed upwards. Back-sepal concave, ovate, obtuse; Jateral ovato-falcate, sub-acute; all 3-nerved, and minutely denticulate. Petals ovate, acute, very delicate, minutely fimbriato-lacerated at the edges. Labellum twice as long as the other petals, concave at base, oblong, deeply and sharply 3-forked. A graceful little orchid, remarkable among the Cape Ophrydece for its many fascicled tubers and numerous radical leaves. Dr. Lindley con- siders it related to Arnottia. Fig. 1, Stenoglottis fimbriata ; the natural size. Fig. 2, side view of a flower; 3, sepals; 4, petals; 5, labellum; all magnified. LVII. RHAMPHICARPA TUBULOSA, Benth, ( Scrophularinea. ) R. tubulosa: foliis lanceolato-linearibus integris, corolla limbo quam tubus incurvus parum breviore, capsule truncate valde obliquie rostro calyce breviore.—Lenth./ Comp. Bot. Mag., i. p. 868. Benth! in DC. Prod., x. p. 504. Gerardia tubulosa, Linn. f. Suppl., p. 279. Thunb. Ft. Cap., p. 487. Has.—In wet places. Kraka Kamma, Thunberg. Eastern Districts, from Uiten- poy 7 as Natal, Drege! Zeyher! Krauss! J. Sanderson! Miss Qwen! (Herb. Descr.— Whole plant, except the tube of the corolla, glabrous, turning black in drying. Stem, 1-2 feet high, simple or slightly — an, es carries sell aaa ae CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 37 branched, quadrangular. Leaves opposite, distant, linear-lanceolate, 13-24 inches long, 1-2 lines wide, longer or shorter than the internodes, thickish in substance, with immersed veins. Peduncles 1-flowered, from the axils of the upper leaves, ebracteate, shorter than the leaf, but longer than the calyx. Calyx-lobes lanceolate, keeled. Corolla white, turning purplish-black or bluish in drying, its limb about equalling the slender, pubescent tube. Stamens included ; filaments villous; anthers 1-celled. Ovary straight, but capsule very oblique, 2-celled, with many ovules on large, fungous, axile placentae. A handsome plant, with the aspect of a Phlox. Four other species of the genus are known: one of them East Indian, two from Abyssinia, and one from Madagascar. They are probably root-parasites, like so many of the nigrescent Scrophularinee. Fig. 1, Rhamphicarpa'tubulosa ; the natural size. Fig. 2, calyx; 3, stamens, as at- tached to the tube of the corolla, a fragment of which, laid open, is also shown; 4, pistil; 5, capsule; 6, section of the same; all the latter figures enlarged. LVIIl. NYCTERINIA NATALENSIS, Bernh. (Serophularinee.) N. Natalensis: caule simplici ascendenti incurvo piloso, foliis lanceo- lato-linearibus obtusiusculis integerrimis glabris coriaceis, floralibus -late lanceolatis calyces subsequantibus, spica elongata densa multiflora. Bernh. in Flora, 1844, p. 334. Benth. in DC, Prod., x. p. 348. Has.—Port Natal, Krauss. Claremont Flats, plentiful, Sanderson. (Herb. T. C. D.) Drscr.—Many stemmed ; stems 12-14 inches long, incurved, sub- erect, simple or nearly so, roughly pilose with reflexed, succulent hairs. Leaves scattered, longer than the internodes, 1-2 inches long, 2-3 lines wide, coriaceous and glabrous, obtuse or subacute, quite entire, the margin minutely revolute. Bracts or floral leaves lanceolate, the lower- most often without axillary flowers, and longer than the upper, which are slightly shorter than the calyces they enclose. Tube of the corolla 2 inches long, velvetty pubescent; limb ‘brilliant white on the upper surface, rich crimson or maroon on the lower” (Sanderson). The whole plant turns black in drying. I figure this beautiful plant, as it has received a name, but fear that it is merely a variety of VV. maritima, which differs by its erect stems and longer bracts. In Mr. Sanderson’s specimens many of the lower bracts are barren, closely inbricating each other, and longer and more acute than the fertile ones. Fig. 1, Nycterinia Natalensis ; the natural size. Fig. 2, a section of the corolla, laid open and showing the stamens; 3, one of the fertile stamens; 4, calyx and its bract ; 5, calyx-limb, laid open; the latter figures magnified. LIX. CYCLOPTYCHIS VIRGATA, E. Mey. ( Crucifere. C. virgata: suffruticosa, erecta, glaberrima, glauca, ramis virgatis teretibus, foliis coriaceis lanceolatis mucronulatis, racemis elongatis, 38 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. siliculis glabris.— 2. Mey.! in Herb. Drege. Sond. in Fl. Cap., vol. i. p. 84. Cleome virgata, Thunb, Fl. Cap., p. 498. Has.—Interior districts, Thunberg. Piquetberg, at Groene Valley, Oct.; Pike- nierkloof, Jan.; Giftberg, Nov., 1000-2500 f., Drege! Tulbagh, Ecklon and Zeyher. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A slender, straggling, erect suffrutex, 2 feet high or more, glabrous in every part, and somewhat glaucous. Branches very erect; 12-18 inches long, quite simple, laxly leafy in the lower half, ending upwards in a long, many-flowered raceme. Pedicels 2-3 lines long. Flowers purple or rosy, petals clawed, 7-8 lines long, narrow-obovate, erect. Sepals elliptical, concave, 3-nerved. Stamens 6, as long as the calyx; anthers linear-sagittate,"erect. Silicule ovate, indehiscent, 2-celled, with a solitary seed in each cell; the valves convex, with strongly raised ridges radiating from the keeled centre : style beak-like, subulate, as long as the valves. A graceful plant, with the general habit of Brachycarpea varians, from which it is readily known by its strongly ridged, not didymous silicule, and the different structure of its seeds, Fig. 1, Cycloptychis virgata, and branch; natural size. Fig. 2, a flower; 8,a petal; 4, stamens and pistil in situ; 5, pistil, the stamens removed; 6, ripe silicule ; the latter figures more or less magnified. as LX. CADABA NATALENSIS, Sond. ( Capparidee.) C. Natalensis : inermis, apetala, foliis petiolatis oblongis obovato- oblongisve obtusis v. emarginatis mucronulatis coriaceis glabris, floribus axillaribus longe pedunculatis, sepalis exterioribus navicularibus, inte- rioribus planis late ovatis ciliolatis acutis, staminibus 4—6, nectario lage- niformi collo incurvo hine fisso ore denticulato, bacca cylindracea elon- gata. Sond. in Linn., vol. xxiil. p. 8. Fl. Cap., 1. p. 59. Has.—Port Natal, Gueinzivs. In thickets, by river banks, Doorns Spruit, 1800 feet, rare, J. Sanderson! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A straggling, unarmed, divaricately-branched, glabrous shrub, with pale ash-coloured bark ; the older branches rather naked and knotty ; twigs virgate. Petzoles 2-4 lines long, with woolly pubescence along the upper edge; /eaves 1-14 inch long, 4-6 lines wide, narrow- obovate or oblong, acute at base, obtuse but miucronulate at the extre- mity, midribbed, but without conspicuous veins, coriaceous, opaque, drying a pale, yellowish-green. Peduncles axillary, equalling the leaves, or longer, filiform, spreading or deflexed. Sepals minutely puberulous externally ; the outer pair very concave or boat-shaped; the inner flat, thin in substance, veiny, ciliolate, broadly ovate. Staminal-tube an inch long, bearing 4, 5, or 6 stamens; anthers deciduous. Stipe of the ovary gradually lengthening after anthesis, 1-14 inch long. Nectary shaped like a chemist’s ‘‘ retort,” the neck strongly bent back, slit along the upper edges, and toothed at the extremity. Unripe fruit only seen. CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 39 _ _ This seems to be a rare shrub. Mr. Sanderson only observed a single individual, by the banks of a water-course. Fig. 1, Cadaba Natalensis ; a flowering branch; natural size. Fig. 2, outer sepal ; 3, inner sepal; 4, nectary, stamens, and pistil; all enlarged. LXI.-LXII. ERYTHRINA SANDERSONI, Harv. (Legwminosa.) E. Sandersoni: arborea, velutino-lanuginosa, ramis ...... , fo- liis longe petiolatis pinnatim trifoliolatis, foliolis latissime ovatis obtusis utrinque dense tomentoso-villosis penninerviis, petiolis pedunculisque lanuginosis, spica ovoideo multiflora, calycibus lanuginosis hine fissis laciniis filiformibus !, corolla glabra. Has.—Near Sterk Spruit, Port Natal, 1000-1500 feet, August, September. Ar. Sanderson! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—‘‘ A small, scrubby tree, 10-12 feet high, with dull grayish green foliage” (Sanderson). Branches and twigs unknown to me. Pe- tioles 5-8 inches long, to the lowest pair of leaflets; the terminal leaf- let 2-3 inches distant from the lower. Leaflets 5-8 inches broad, 4-6 inches long, subtruncate at base, obtusely ovate, penninerved. Pe- duncles 6-8 inches long, 4 inch in diameter, bearing a very dense, oval- oblong spike of dull crimson flowers. Calyces split along the lower side, the 5 filiform segments nearly as long as the tube, erect. Verzd- lum about twice as long as the calyx. Petioles, leaflets, peduncle, and calyces are all densely clothed with whitish woolly hairs, which in the older parts are partly obliterated. Legume not seen. A very noble species, remarkable for its woolly covering, and for a calyx so unlike that of other Hrythrine as almost to warrant us in founding a genus for it. The name Cheirochiena, alluding to the hand-like calyx segments, would apply, and may, at least, be given to it as a sub-genus of Erythrina. It is possible that the legume may af- ford generic characters. Mr, Sanderson informs me that the leaves are sometimes very much larger than the one figured. The specimens re- ceived are not in good condition, and the leaves obviously but half grown. I am not aware whether the branches are armed or unarmed. Seeds would be very welcome to English horticulturists. Fig. 1, Leaf (young) and spike of Erythrina Sandersoni. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, the calyx, laid open, seen from within; 4, an ovary ; these figures slightly enlarged. LXIII. LOTONONIS MONOPHYLLA, Harv. (Leguminosee. ) %. (Oxydium) monophylla: suffruticosa, gracilis, ascendens, ap- presse puberula et argentea, stipulis nullis, foliis wnifoliolatis !, toliolo ovato v. oblongo mucronulato supra glabro subtus tenuissime argenteo, pedunculis elongatis, umbella 4-5-flora, bracteis minutis, calyce ap- presse argenteo-puberulo laciniis superioribus triangularibus acutis in 40 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. fima-subulata, petalis breve unguiculatis, vexillo subrotundo sericeo, carina glabra rostrata acuta, legumine ? Har.—Stony places, on the Vanstaadensberg Mountains, Uitenhage, C. Zeyher / No. 2313. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Root woody, deeply descending. Stems 2-4 inches long, very slender, ascending or diffuse, slightly branched, thinly covered with minute, close-pressed, silky, and silvery hairs. Leaves an inch apart, the petiole 4~1 inch long, filiform ; leaflet 2 inch long, 4-5 lines wide, varying from ovate to elliptical, mucronulate, very minutely sil- very on the lower surface only. Stipules none. Peduncles terminal or opposite a leaf, 3-4 inches long, erect. Flowers yellow, resembling those of Zotus corniculatus. Calyx campanulate, the 4 upper segments triangular-acuminate, the lowest subulate. Vexillum silky : carina and ale glabrous. Ovary lanceolate, silky, tapering at base into an imperfect stipe; style long, straight, glabrous. The 5 longer stamens with roundish, abortive anthers. A graceful little species, and the only one known to me with unifo- liolate leaves. In the several specimens I have examined, both in Herb. Sond. and T.C. D., this character is uniform. Fig. 1, Lotononis monophylla ; the natural size. Fig. 2, the calyx; 3, the same laid open; 4, carina; 5, one of the ale; 6, stamens; 7, pistil; enlarged. LXIV. CRABBEA ANGUSTIFOLIA, Nees. ( Acanthacee.) C. angustifolia : ‘molliter hirsuta, bracteis setoso-ciliatis immargina-~ tis, corolla tubuloso-infundibuliformi, foliis lanceolato-linearibus obtusis! —Nees in DC. Prod xi. p.163. Has.—Macallisberg, Burke. (Herb. T. C. D., comm. cl. Hook.) Descr.— Many stemmed. Stems decumbent or ascending, subsimple, 6-12 inches long, hirsute. Leaves opposite, the pairs about an inch apart, secund in the lower or procumbent portion, 3-4 inches long, about 3 lines wide in the middle, linear-lanceolate, tapering to each end, entire, covered with softish, patent hairs, the midrib and sub-parallel lateral veins prominent on the lower surface. Peduncles very short, 2- 3 lines long. eads ovate, surréunded by several imbricated, broadly lanceolate, ribbed, and penninerved bracts, which are roughly setose on the ribs and margin, and bordered with long bristle-shaped cilia, but not mar- gined. Corolla narrow, funnel-shaped, the tube not much exceeding the calyx, the limb short, subequal, with undulate, ovate, ribbed, and veiny lobes. -Anthers scabrous. Ovules about 3 in each cell. Besides the present, there are three other species now included in Crabbea, all having a similar aspect and inhabiting the same districts. _ Fig. 1, Crabbea angustifolia ; the natural size. Fig. 2, the calyx; 3, the corolla, laid open, showing the insertion of the stamens; 4, an anther; 5, a pistil, the ovary cut vertically ; 6, another vertical cutting of the ovary, taken at right angles to the last; 7, the stigma; all variously magnified. (ote ttre CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 41 LXV. CISSUS LANIGERA, Harv. (Ampelidec.) CG. lanigera: dense villoso-pubescens, caulibus ligneis compresso- angulatis striatis, foliis longe petiolatis quinatis, foliolis subsessilibus ob- ovatis v. obovato-lanceolatis acutis argute bi-serratis subtus crebre pen- ninerviis pallidis densiuscule tomentosisque, cymis pedunculatis diffusis, stylo filiformi, bacca tomentosa.—Harv. in Harv. § Sond. Fl. Cap., i. p. 252. Zey. No. 155. Has —Macallisberg, Burke & Zeyher ! Natal district, R. W. Plant! (Herb. T. C.D.) Descr.—A strong-growing woody climber, clothed in all parts with whitish, somewhat woolly, short hairs, which are particularly copious on the young parts. Leaves 4-6 inches apart, petioles 2-4 inches long; leaflets mostly 5, broadly obovate, tapering at base into an imperfect cu- neate petiolule, coarsely, sharply, and irregularly serrate or doubly ser- rate, the pinnate veins parallel, near together and obvious on the lower surtace. Cymes diffusely much branched, the divisions curved backwards, many-flowered. Petals 4, cucullate, externally hairy. Berry (unripe) densely woolly. A wild vine, seemingly not uncommon in the Natal district, where it is known to the Zooloos by the name ‘‘ Zambesi,”’ and considered a specific for toothache. The root (probably a strong astringent) is used, rubbed to the gums. It is more densely woolly than the other Cape species of the ‘‘ Digitate’”’ group of Cissus. Fig. 1, Cissus lanigera; naturalsize. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, a petal and its opposing stamen; 4, calyx and pistil ; the stamens and petals being removed; magnified. LXVI. RAPHIONACME PURPUREA, Harv. (Aselepiadee.) Gen. Cxar.— Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla rotata, 5-fida, laciniis wsti- vatione imbricatis; fauce squamis 5 planis staminibus oppositis cuspi- datis v. aristatis instructé. /v/amenta distincta, fauce inserta, breviter exserta; anther imberbes, appendiculo triangulari minuto terminate, basi margini stigmatis coherentes. Pollinia 5, granulosa (granulis quadrilocularibus), apicibus dilatatis glandularum stigmatis applicita. Stigma ovatum, 5-gonum, v. fere 5-alatum. Follicult ?—Plante humiles, radicibus tuberosis placentaformibus, foliis oppositis rigidis scabris v. gla- berrimis, eymis paucifloris alaribus, floribus parvis albo-viridis v. purpu- reis.—Harv. in Lond. Jour. Bot. 1842, p. 23. Apoxyanthera, Hochst. Flora, 1843, p. 78. - R. purpurea: glabra, ramis dichotomo-corymbosis, foliis subsessili- bus lanceolatis penninerviis utrinque acutis, junioribus minutissime eili- olatis, calycis laciniis ovato-lanceolatis acutis, corolla lete-purpurea, squamis corone spathulatis apice deltoideo-cuspidatis erosis. Han.—From Field's Hill to Maritzberg, 500-2200 ft., Sep., J. Sanderson (Herb. as Uo) Descr.—Root a large, depressed, placentiform tuber, 2-4 inches 42 CONSPECTUS TABULRUM. (perhaps more) in diameter. Stems 2-4 inches high, somewhat fleshy, shrinking in drying (the figure, taken from a dried specimen, is pro- bably too slender), several times forked, the ends of the branches stand- ing nearly on a level. Leaves opposite (young, half-grown leaves only yet seen), 1-2 inches long, $ inch wide, subsessile, flat, smooth, and thickish in substance, penninerved, the veins obvious, but not prominent. Peduneles in the forks of the branches, or opposite a solitary branch, the leaves generally abortive and reduced to mere scales on the flowering branches. Cymes generally 3-flowered, the pedicels and peduncles each 4 inch long. Calyx small, its lobes ovato-lanceolate or lanceolate, acute. Corolla ‘‘a rich purple,’’ 5-7 lines in diameter, rotate; the segments elliptic-oblong, obtuse. Corona exserted, the scales cuneato- spathulate, with a much acuminate, triangular point. Anthers not half as long as the squame, ovate, with a minute triangular dilatation at the extremity. Pollen grains quaternate, aggregated on the flattened, spoon- shaped extremity of the stigmatic-gland. ol/icles unknown. This appears to be quite distinct from any of the several species of Raphionacme, and is the most glabrous of any with which we are yet acquainted, The genus ranks among the small group of Periplocee, which connects the true Asclepiadee with the Apocynea. Here the stamens stand apart on the tube of the corolla, as in Apocynee, but the stigmatic glands of the pollen are a modified form of those of ordinary Asclepiadee. Fig. 1 Raphionacme purpurea; the natural size; Vig. 2, calyx; 3, corolla laid open; 4, anther; 5, pollen mass and gland; 6, quaternate grains of pollen; 7, stigma ; all magnified. LXVIJ. GOMPHOCARPUS TRUNCATUS, Dne. ( Aselepiadee.) G. truncatus: caule erecto simplice gracili glabriusculo, foliis (sepe ternis) linearibus elongatis expansis margine revolutis supra scabrius- culis subtus glaucescentibus, umbellis in rachi terminali aphylla flex- uosa alternis (nonnunquam etiam axillaribus) pedunculatis subquin- quefloris, corons-staminez foliolis truncatis, angulis ovatis acutis medio brevissime cristatis. Dne. in DC. Prod. vol. viii., p. 560. Lagarin- thus truncatus, E. Mey. Comm. Drege, p. 206, Has.—In grassy places between the Key and the Omtata, 1000-2000 feet. Drege. e cae — in Kreili’s country, in damp places. Jfrs. F. W. Barber. (Herb. Descr.—Root ? Stem 12-18 inches high, quite simple, pale green, slender, with distant internodes. Leaves opposite or in threes, 3-4 inches long, 1-14 line wide, tapering to each end, flat, with recurved margins, strigulose on the upper, glaucous on the lower surface. Umbels 5-6-flowered, on peduncles shorter than the leaves, set along a bent, leafless, terminal rachis ; the lowest pair often from the axils of the up- permost pairs of leaves. Calyx pubescent. Corolla 5-6 lines in diame- ter, purplish, especially on the outside, the segments spreading or CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 43 inflexed. Staminal-crown of 5 conduplicate truncate leaflets; the sides ear-like, ovate oblong, acute, with a small, spur-like crest or keel, under the apex, at each side. Pollina attenuate upwards. A pretty species, with moderately large purple or ‘raspberry and cream” flowers. I refer it to Decaisne’s species, of which I have seen no authentic specimen, with some hesitation, but, if not the same, it must be a very closely allied species. Fig. 1, Gomphocarpus truncatus ; the natural size. Fig. 2, back view of the calyx; 3, side view of a leaflet of the staminal-crown; 4, front view of the same, with the sides pulled apart; 5, vertical view of the stigma, invested by the stamens, whose membranous points over-lap; 6, an anther; 7, a pair of pollen-masses, affixed to their caudicula and gland ; —the latter figures variously magnified. LXVIII. DICOMA ZEYHERI, Sond. ( Composite.) D. Zeyheri: “‘caule suffruticoso araneoso erecto simplici vel apice subramoso, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis oblongisve acutis basi angustatis supra glaberrimis reticulato-nervosis subtus albolanatis, capitulis solita- riis paucisve ovatis, involucri squamis multiserialibus nitidissimis acumi- natis exterioribus patentibus reflexisve, achenio villosissimo.’’—Sond. in Linn., vol. xxiii. p. 71. Has.—Macallisberg, Burke & Zeyher, No. 1031. (Herb. T. C. D. comm. cl. Hook.) Descr.—Perennial. Stem slightly lignescent at base, then herba- ceous, 12-18 inches high, simple or divided near the base into several simple erect albo-tomentose branches. Leaves 3-4 inches long, 1-14 inch wide, sessile, but narrowed toward the base, oblong or lanceolate, or obovate, acute, with slightly revolute, obscurely denticulate margins, glabrous and veiny on the upper, densely coated with white woolliness on the under surface; the upper cauline leaves gradually smaller, the very uppermost linear-lanceolate, 1 inch long. Heads terminating the stem or lateral branches, solitary, scarcely pedunculate ; dracts lustrous white (‘‘ everlasting”), dry, imbricated in many rows, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, and pungent, glabrous, the outer deflexed or recurved, the rest erecto-patent. Pappus very white, plumose. Anthers linear, with very long, recurvo-hispid tails. Stigma clavate, minutely emarginate. Achenia densely hirsuto-villous. A very handsome species, allied to D. spectosa, but with much broader leaves, much more copious and whiter indumentum and the outer scales of the involucre not scattered, bract-like, along the peduncle. Fig. 1, Dicoma Zeyheri ; the natural size. Fig. 2, a flower, surrounded by its pap- pus; 3, the corolla, removed; 4, apex of one of the bristles of the pappus; 5, a stamen; 6, apex of the style; more or less magnified. LXIX. CORYMBIUM CONGESTUM, E. Mey. ( Composite.) C. congestum : “ caule hispido, foltis elliptico-lanceolatis utrinque attenuatis submembranaceis utrinque glanduloso-hirtellis, corymbo 44 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. congesto, involucri squamis hirtellis.”’—DC. Prod., vol. v. p. 89. £. Mey. ! in Pl. Drege. : — 2-300 feet, Drege! Worcester, Ecklon & Zeyher! (Herb. ee Ged. Descr.— Collum barbed with long, silky hairs. Stem 2 feet high, rigid, rufescent, slightly flexuous, rough with minute, gland-tipped, slightly viscous hairs. Ladical-leaves 5-6 inches long, 1-14 inch wide in the middle, elliptico-lanceolate, acute or subacuminate, tapering at base into an imperfect petiole, 5—7 ribbed, glandularly-hispidulous on both sides ; cauline leaves clasping at base, shorter, narrower, and more acuminate than the radical, the uppermost small, and reduced to lanceo- late and subulate scales. Inflorescence racemoso-paniculate, each branch ending in a dense, few-flowered, little-divided corymb. Jnvolucres 2 inch long, or rather more, glandularly-pubescent, and viscidulous. Corolla purple ; its lobes lanceolate. This species is readily known from all others of its genus by the broader, more membranous and less rigid leaves, resembling in form and venation those of Plantago lanceolata, The genus Corymbium, exclu- sively a South African type, is remarkable for its straight-veined leaves, simulating those of an Endogen ; some of the species having leaves like those of grasses, others like those of some Irideous plant. It is also an instance of a Composite plant, whose ‘‘ capitulum’’ contains but a single flower; but several other South African genera share in this peculiarity. It belongs to the sub-order Vernoniacea. Fig. 1, Corymbium congestum ; the natural size. Fig. 2, a capitulum, containing a solitary flower; the two involucral leaves pulled apart; 3, scales of the pappus; 4, stigmata ; magnified. LXX. EUMORPHIA DREGEANA, DC. ( Composite.) E. Dregeana: DC. Prod., vol. vi. p. 3. Haps.—Sneeuwbergen, between Compasberg and Rhinosterberg, 5000-6000 feet, Drege! Africa’s Hoogte, Burke & Zeyher! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A small shrub, 1—2 feet high, much branched and ramuli- ferous, glabrous. Leaves minute, 1-14 line long, opposite, decussating, imbricating, linear, obtuse, fleshy, with strongly revolute margins, co- vering the whole lower surface, and leaving a mere medial furrow. Heads terminating the branches and ramuli, solitary or corymbulose, 2 lines in diameter, the rays spreading half an inch. Jnvolucre imbricat- ing in several rows, the scales obtuse, round-backed, appressed, the outer ones gland-tipped. Receptacle convex, covered with leafy scales, which subtend and partly enwrap each flower, Ray flowers in a single row, female, white. Dzse-fl. longer than the involucre, perfect, obtusely 5- lobed.