THESAURUS CAPENSIS: » oR, ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN FLORA, BEING FIGURES AND BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF SOUTH AFRICAN PLANTS, SELECTED FROM THE Dublin University Herbarium. w\ BY WILLIAM 1? HARVEY, M.D. F.RS., &e, LIN, AND KEEPER OF THE PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF DUB HERBARIUM. : DUBLIN: HODGES, SMITH, AND CO., GRAFTON-STREET, ROOKSELLERS TO THE UNIVERSITY. LONDON: JOHN VAN VOORST, 1, PATERNOSTER-ROW. CAPETOWN: A. S. ROBERTSON. 1863. Mrecerirpe: PoTANICAL TO WILLIAM GUYBON ATHERSTONE, ESQ, M.D., OF GRAHAMSTOWN, | WHO, DURING A LONG PROFESSIONAL CAREER IN SOUTH AFRICA, HAS DILIGENTLY AND SUCCESSFULLY CULTIVATED THE NATURAL HISTORY OF THE COLONY, Chis Second Volume OF THE ‘‘THESAURUS CAPENSIS” Is INSCRIBED, BY THE AUTHOR. — | CONSPECTUS TABULARUM: OR, DESCRIPTION AND EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES, 101. HUTTON A PULCHRA, Harv. ( Orchidea.) Gen. Cuar.—Sepala ovata, integerrima, plana, basi cum unguibus pe- talorum in perianthium monophyllum quinquelobum connata. Petala longe unguiculata, apice cucullata marginibus fimbriatis. Labellum liberum, planum, fimbriatum. Anthera resupinata, loculis basi valde divergentibus. Glandule nude. Stigma lineare, transversum.— Herba caulescens, caule foliose, folits cordato-ovatis v. subrotundis bast vaginan- tibus, spica multiflora, floribus albis. BH. pulchra, Harv. in Herb. T. C. D. _ Has.—In moist spots, under trees, on the Katberg, 4000 feet; March, 1862; Mrs. Henry Hutton. Orange Free State, T. Cooper, 1091. (Herb. T.C. D.) Descr.—Terrestrial. Stem 12-15 inches high, sheathed at base, and vearing two leaves. Leaves shortly sheathing at base, petiolate, either ovate or cordate and acute, or the lowest one suborbicular and very ob- tuse, 2-3 inches long, 14-24 inches wide, dark green, thin and mem- -branous, with one principal mid-nerve and several arching lateral nerves. Spike many-flowered, 3-8 inches long, lax. Bracts lanceolate, erect, scarcely equalling the ovary. VJowers 4-5 lines long. Posterior sepal oblong-ovate, acute, on a long claw; /ateral sepals much larger, sessile, broadly ovate, subfalcate, acute, somewhat keeled, recurved at point. Petals on long slender claws, having a hood or bonnet-shaped, hollow, fringed limb, directed forwards. Labellum membranous, flat, subro- tund, fringed all round. A most lovely Orchid, with snow-white, sweetly-scented flowers of singular shape, and glossy, dark green, expanded leaves. The genus Hvrron2za is dedicated to the discoverer, Mrs. Henry Hutton, who, jointly with her husband, Henry Hutton, Esq., J. . P., has contributed largely to our knowledge of the botany (and especially of the Orchids) of the Eastern Frontier. VOL, II. B 2 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. Fig. 1, spike of flowers; 2, base of stem and leaves; both of the natural size. Fig. 3, front view of a flower; 4, the connate sepals and petals removed ; 5, the labellum, with short column and anther, front view; 6, back view of anther; 7, pollen mass; all _ enlarged. 102. HALLACKIA FIMBRIATA, Harv. ( Orchidee.) Gen. Cuar.—Sepala ovata, fimbriata, plana, basi cum unguibus peta- lorum in perianthium monophyllum connata. Petala unguiculata, apice cucullata marginibus fimbriatis. Zabellwm liberum, basi concavum fim- briatum. Anthera supina, loculis parallelis basi approximatis. Glan- dule. .. . Stigma... . Herba caulescens, caule folioso, foliis cordatis bast vaginantibus, spica multifiora, floribus albis. H. fimbriata, Harv. in Herb. T. C. D. Has.—From the Natal country, R. Hallack. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Terrestrial. Stem 1-14 f. high, sheathing at base, bearing two leaves. Leaves on longish sheaths, cordate, acute or acuminate, 2-3 inches long, 14-24 inches wide, membranous, with a midrib and several arching lateral nerves connected by irregularly inosculating veinlets. Spike many-flowered, 3-6 inches long, lax. Bracts lanceo- late, acuminate, about equalling the ovary. lowers 4 lines long. Posterior sepal on a longish claw, ovate, lacerato-fimbriate, rising be- tween the petals; lateral, tapering at base into short claws, ovate- oblong, obtuse, lacerato-fimbriate. Petals on long, slender claws, having a concave fringed limb, directed forwards. Labellum hollow at base, expanded, flabelliform, fringed on the rounded portion. Stigma and glands not observed, owing to the decayed state of the flowers. This curious Orchid has so many points in common with Huttonca pulchra, figured in the preceding plate, that I much wished to place it in the same genus. The form of the anther, however (if correctly given), compels me to form a genus for it; and this I gladly dedicate to Mr. Hallack, of Port Elizabeth, to whom I am indebted for specimens of this and of several other rare frontier plants. Fig. 1, spike of flowers; 2, base of stem and leaves; both of the natural size. Fig. 3, front view of a flower; 4, the connate sepals and petals removed; 5, labellum and an- ther ; all enlarged. 103. BROWNLEEA CQERULEA, Harv. (Orchidea.) B. cerulea: foliis caulinis 3-4 membranaceis oblongo-v. ovato- lanceolatis acutis, spica pluriflora, bracteis lanceolatis flores subequan- tibus, sepalis oblongo-lanceolatis dimidiatis porrectis, galea acuminata infundibuliformi in calcar longissimum subpendulum producta, labello minimo lineari emarginato.—Lindl. in Hook., Lond. Journ. Bot. 1. p. 16. B. macroceras, Sond. in Linn. 19, p. 106. Han.—Among trees, near King Williamstown, Rev. J. Brownlee, 1841. Katrivers- berg, Ecklon & Zeyher, H. Hutton. Also at Howison’s Poort, H. Hutton. Near Hangman’s Bush Hill, above Frankfort, British Caffraria, W. S. M. D’ Urban. (Herb. TCD.) Ree &, asad Nias ta q ne CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 3 Drscr.—Terrestrial. Stem 1-14 f. high, sheathed at base with re- mains of old leaves, bearing 2, 3, or rarely 4 leaves. Leaves on long sheaths, 5—6 inches long, 14-24 inches wide, of thin substance, semi- pellucid and veiny when dry, oblongo-lanceolate, acute or acumi- nate. Spike few or many flowered, 1-6 inches long, dense. Bracts sometimes only equalling the ovary, sometimes as long as the flowers, lanceolate, very acute. Flowers sky-blue or lilac, nearly two inches long, including the spur. Petals oblong, bluntly unidentate toward the base on the upper side, adhering to the sides of the funnel-shaped, very long spurred, acuminate back sepal, and thus forming a galea. Lateral La oblong, subacute, unequal-sided. Labellum very minute, erect, ear. The genus Brownleea was founded, in 1841, on the present plant and a small-flowered species (B. parviflora), both discovered by the Rev. J. Brownlee, for many years a missionary in Caffraria, and an observing naturalist. It is related to Disa, but distinguished by the adhesion of the petals to the back sepal, and of the labellum to the column. Fig. 1, spike and upper leaves; 2, lower leaf and base of stem; natural size. Fig. 3, back sepal (galea) ; 4, petal ; 5, lateral sepal; 6, front view, and 7, side view of column and labellum; 8, the labellum removed; 9, pollen mass, caudicle and gland; all enlarged, 104. BROWNLEEA RECURVATA, Sond. ( Orchidee.) B. recurvata: foliis caulinis binis rigidiusculis striatis lineari- lanceolatis acuminatis, spica pluriflora, bracteis ovato-lanceolatis acu- minatis flores subequantibus, sepalis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis, galea acuminata apice recurva breviter infundibuliformi in calear deorsum arcuatum ovario brevius producta, labello minimo subulato.—Sond. in Linn. 19, p. 107. Haz.—At the Eland’s River, Uit., Ecklon & Zeyher. On the Katberg, 3400 feet, H. Hutton, March. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Terrestrial. Stem 1-1} f. high, sheathing. Leaves on longish sheaths, the lower one 3-5 inches long, 4—4 lines wide, the upper shorter and narrower, both rib-striate and closely many-nerved, rigid when dry. Spike 8-12 flowered. Bracts generally longer than the ovary, wider than in B. cwrulea. Flowers 7-9 lines long, lilac-colour. Petals somewhat falcate, unequal sided. Spur of the galea cylindrical, 2 line diameter, inflexed at end, and blunt; apex of galea attenuated and recurved. Lateral sepals more acute and lanceolate than in B. eerulea. A well-marked species, with flowers smaller than in B. cerulea, but much larger and less numerous than in B. parviflora, whose flowers are white. Mr. Hutton says that he thinks he also once found it ‘‘ about 1854, on a high mountain, six miles from Grahamstown.” Fig. 1, spike and upper leaf; 2, lower leaf and base of stem; natural size. Fig. 3, back sepal (galea); 4, petal; 5, lateral sepal ; 6, front view, and 7, side view of column and labellum; 8, the labellum removed. a“ -B 4 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 105. A. TRYPHIA ORTHOCERAS, Harv. ( Orchidea. ) T. orthoceras: sepalis petalisque lanceolatis acuminatis, labelli glaberrimi lacinia media cuneata apice obtuse tridentata, calcare subu- lato stricto deflexo ovario breviori. Hax.—Howison’s Poort, and on the Katberg, H. Hutton. (Herb. T. C. D.) Derscr.—Tubers ovoid. Leaves two, subradical, unequal, broadly ovate, acute or acuminate, 5—7 nerved, with laxly netted veinlets, thin and membranous, glabrous. Scape naked, pubescent, 6—8 inches high, ending in a many-flowered secund spike. Bracts subulate, scarcely as long as the ovary. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate, the medial wider. Petals as long as the sepals, lanceolate, acuminate. Labellum with a straight, awl-shaped, deflexed spur, 3-lobed, the lateral lobes subulate, subacute, the medial cuneate, 3-toothed, the teeth short, deltoid. Well distinguished from the following by its differently shaped sepals, petals, and labellum. Fig. 1, a plant, the natural size. Fig. 2, sepals; 3, a petal; 4, labellum ; enlarged. 105. B. TRYPHIA SECUNDA, Lindl. ( Orchidee.) T. secunda: sepalis ovatis lateralibus obliquis, petalis linearibus obtusis, labelli medio pubescentis lacinid mediA cuneati triloba lobulis linearibus obtusis, calcare uncinato ovario breviori.— Lindl. Orch. p. 333. Sond. in Linn. 19, p. 82. Orchis secunda, Thunb. Fl. Cap. p. 81. Hazs.—Cape, Thunberg. Near Algoa Bay, Forbes, Mr. Hewitson, Mrs. Holland. Zwartkops River, Ecklon & Zeyher. Various places in Albany, Somerset, and Beau- fort, and on the Winterberg, Mrs. F. W. Barber (256). Grahamstown, Geni. Bolton. Albany District, 7. Williamson, H. Hutton. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Tubers and leaves as in T. orthoceras. Stem either glabrous or pubescent. Bracts ovate or ovato-lanceolate, not half as long as the ovary. Back sepal broadly ovate, concave ; lateral ones flat, suboblique, acute. Petals linear, very obtuse. Labellum with a strongly inrolled spur; the lateral lobes linear or spathulate, obtuse, medial deeply 3-lobed, the lobes linear or spathulate. Fig. 1, a plant, the natural size. Fig, 2, sepals; 3, a petal; 4, labellum ; 5, column and anther; enlarged. 106. DISPERIS CARDIOPHORA, Harv. ( Orchidee.) D. cardiophora: caule basi monophyllo, folio cordato-reniformi am- plexicauli recurvo, spica multiflora subsecunda, bracteis folio conformi- bus, sepalis lateralibus patentibus unguiculatis saccatis concavis acutis, labello lineari acuto, appendice breviter lanceolato acuto glabro.— Sanders, No. 4838. Has.—Dargle Farm, near Natal, Mr. Fannin. Field’s Hill, Natal, 1200 feet, No- vember, J. Sanderson. (Herb. T. C. D.) CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 5 Descr.—Terrestrial. Stem 8-12 inches high, bearing a single leaf near the base. Leaf 3-1 inch long, wider than its length, closely clasping the stem, roundish-cordate or reniform, spreading. Spike 10-15 -flowered or more, 4-8 inches long. Bracts resembling the leaves, horizontally patent, scarcely equalling the ovary, much shorter than the capsule. Back sepal strongly keeled, very convex, forming with the petals a helmet-shaped, narrow-mouthed galea. Lateral sepals horizontally spreading, ovato-lanceolate, concave, saccate toward the base, shortly clawed. Labellum reflected on the column, narrow-linear, acute; with a lanceolate appendix in front. For a knowledge of this very remarkable species of Disperis, T am originally indebted to Mr. Hallack, who procured it from Mr. Fannin. More recently I have received specimens from Mr. Sanderson, who describes the flowers as “lilac, grey and green.” Fig. 1, a plant (rather a smail one), the natural size. Fig. 2,abract, laid open ; 3, front view of a flower; 4, side view of the galea; 5, a lateral sepal; 6, back view of column and anther; 7, front view of column; 8, labellum ; enlarged. 107. ANGRASCUM ARCUATUM, Lindl. ( Orchidee.) A. arcuatum: caulescens, foliis distichis lineari-oblongis obtusissi- mis emarginatis, racemis multifloris foliis brevioribus, bracteis subro- tundo-ovatis membranaceis concavis, sepalis petalisque linearibus acu- minatissimis patentissimis, labello conformi carinato revoluto, calcare arcuato tereti ovario duplo longiore.—Lindl. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 2, p. 204. Sond. in Linn. 19, p. 75. A. Capensis ? Lindl. Sp, 248. Has.—On trees, in the forests of Uitenhage and Albany, Ecklon & Zeyher ! Drege! ao oe Elizabeth, Mrs. Holland! Port Natal, T. Williamson! Gueinzius! (Herb. Es -Ue Di Descr.—An epiphyte. Stem 3-6 inches or more in length, 3-4 lines diameter, closely covered with clasping distichous leaves. Leaves 3-5 inches long, 3-1inch wide, very rigid, thickish, striate when dry, obliquely emarginate. Racemes pendulous, many flowered. racts broadly ovate, loose, dry and membranous. Ovary subsessile, tapering at base. Flowers cream-coloured, the younger greenish-yellow. Sepa/s and petals narrow, tapering to a sharp recurved point. Labellum linear- lanceolate, acute, with a long, arched, funnel-shaped spur. Common in the Eastern districts. Notwithstanding the discrepancy of Thunberg’s description, I think that his Limodorum longicornu must be meant for this plant. If not, what can it be? No recent collector has found any thing more like it. Fig. 1, stem, leaves, and flowers, natural size. Fig. 2, a back sepal ; 3, the labellum ; enlarged. 108. ANGRACUM BICAUDATUM, Lindl. ( Orchidea.) A. bicaudatum : caulescens, foliis distichis lineari-oblongis oblique bilobis, spicis horizontalibus multifloris foliis vix brevioribus, sepalis _ fina’ 6 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. oyatis obtusiusculis, petalis angustioribus, labello tripartito plano, laci- niis lateralibus intermedice ovate equalibus linearibus apice dichotomo- multifidis, caleare recto cylindraceo ovario triplo longiore.—LZindl. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mug. 2, p. 205. Sond. in Linn. 19, p. 75. Has.—On trees, in the forests of Uitenhage and Albany, frequent, Eck. & Zey! Mrs. F. W. Barber! Mrs. Holland! R. Hallack! (Herb. T. C.D.) Descr.—An epiphyte, sometimes attached to calcareous rocks. Stem 6-8 inches long, 3-4 lines diam., closely covered with distichous leaves. Leaves 3-5 inches long, 3-3 inch wide, rigid, infolded at base, shortly, unequally, and bluntly 2-lobed. Spikes spreading nearly at right angles to the stem, 3—4 inches long, many flowered. Bracts very small, narrow, deflexed, membranous. Ovary sessile. Flowers pale orange- colour. Sepals broadly ovate, much larger than the narrow, ovato- lanceolate, subacuminate petals. Labellum oblong, 3-lobed; the medial lobe short, deltoid, the Zateral linear, twice or thrice forked, the lobules sharp, minute. Spur straight, cylindrical, pendulous, much longer then the ovary. This curious little species is distinctly marked by its two-tailed la- bellum. An allied species (A. tridentatum, H.), has a 8-toothed label- lum, obliquely 2-toothed petals, and much narrower leaves. It comes from Natal, and was collected by Ir. Sanderson (No. 562). Fig. 1, a plant, the natural size. Fig. 2, the back sepal ; 3, a lateral sepal; 4, petals; 5, labellum and column, the petals and sepals removed ; enlarged. 109. LIPARIS BOWKERI, Harv. ( Orchidee.) L. Bowkeri: folio (unico?) basi vaginante obtuso oblongo-ovato apice acuto tenuiter membranaceo 5-costato, scapo pluri-bracteato paucifloro, bracteis membranaceis amplexicaulibus ovatis acuminatis, floribus 2-34 pedicellatis, sepalo postico petalis conformi lineari-subulato longissimo acuto, lateralibus multo latioribus brevioribusque falcatis, labello oblongo- ovato undulato venoso. Har.—Shaded crevices of rocks, near Fort Bowker, Caffraria, blossoming in summer, Henry Bowker. (Herb. T. C. Dz.) subpellucid when dry, 4—5 inches long, 3-34 wide, pale green. Scape bearing 5-6, subdistant, ovate-acuminate, clasping, membranous, empty bracts below the similarly shaped floral bracts. Fowers 3—4, pedicellate, probably white? Back sepal (resembling the petals) from a broad, del- toid base, narrow-linear, or subulate, acute, spreading, arched, 6—7 lines long, 4 line wide: Lateral sepals, in front of the labellum, broadly fal- cate, subhorizontal or deflexed, incurved, subacute, several-veined. Petals similar to the back sepal, spreading. Labellum with a concave, suberect claw, clasping the base of the column, and an ovate, spreading or pendulous, undulate, veiny limb. Column semiterete at base, some- CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 7 what two-winged beyond the middle, the wings small, decurrent. dn- ther forming a lid, articulated with the summit of the column, deci- duous. Pollen (?). Of this very interesting orchid, T have as yet seen but two specimens, and have failed to observe the nature of the pollen in either. If it be of 4 waxy masses, as is probable, the plant is a Liparis; and makes the third of that genus now known in S$. Africa. The other two (L. Capensis and L. Papper) are found in moist spots near Wynberg and on the Cape Flats. I have never seen either; but a tracing from a drawing of L. Pappei, in Hb. Lindley, has three broad, horizontal leaves, and a dense, many-flowered spike of small flowers. Fig. 1, leaf and flowering scape ; the natural size; 2, a flower; 3, back sepal; 4, lateral sepal ; 5, the column and (empty) anther ; magnified. 110. MABA NATALENSIS, Harv. (Ebenacea.) M. Natalensis: ramulis flexuosis puberulis, foliis oblongis ovatisve obtusis glaberrimis supra nitentibus subtus pallidioribus, floribus femi- neis solitariis subsessilibus, calyce cupuliformi glabro integerrimo, sta- minibus abortivis 6-7, ovario glabro! Har.—Near D’Urban, Port Natal, 1861, Gerrard & M‘Ken! No. 675. (Herb. dW Bas 2S : Drscr.—A much-branched, twiggy shrub, with divaricating, flexu- ous branches and twigs; the older with pale ashen back, all the younger ones minutely pubescent. Leaves on very short, puberulous petioles, 3_1 inch long, 6-7 lines wide, ovate, oblong, or elliptical, obtuse, dark green above, pale beneath, quite glabrous, netted veined beneath. fale flowers not seen. Female solitary, subsessile, axillary. Calyx 1% lines long, cup-shaped, quite truncate, glabrous. Corolla densely silvery- pubescent externally, bearing 6-7 abortive stamens. Filaments short, subulate; anthers erect (without pollen). Ovary quite glabrous, taper- ing to the apex; stigma slightly 3-lobed. Fruit not seen. With the habit of IZ buxy folia this has glabrous, perfectly truncate, and quite entire calyces, a glabrous ovary, and abortive stamens in the female flowers. The male plant is required to complete its history. Fig. 1, a flowering branch, the natural size. Fig. 2, a female flower; 8, corolla, laid open, showing the abortive stamens; 4, ovary; 5, section of the same; enlarged. Re ee 111. PERIGLOSSUM M‘KENII, Harv. (Asclepiadee.) P. M‘Kenii: caule erecto simplici basi glabro apice bifariam villoso, foliis linearibus elongatis patulis acutis margine revolutis glaberrimis, junioribus ad nervum subtus villosulis, pedunculis extra-axillaribus folio brevioribus multifloris, floribus sub-capitatis brevissime pedicellatis, corolla calycis foliolis lanceolatis duplo longiore, corone staminee foliolis spathulatis obtusis uninerviis medio auricula bidentata introrsum auctis, membrana antherarum triangula peltata. 8 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. Has.—Near D’Urban, Gerrard § M‘Ken, 664. (Herb. T. C, D.) Descr.—Stem 2 feet high, simple, glabrous below, having two oppo- site lines of pubescence in the upper part. Leaves 2-3 inches apart, 4-5 inches long, linear or lanceolate-linear, acute, quite sessile, glabrous, except the nerves of the young leaves on the under side, the margins strongly reflexed. Peduneles about half as long as the leaves, bearing haying in the middle of the expanded portion and on the nerve a short, horizontal, 2-toothed prominence or auricle. _Antheys tipped with a large triangular, peltate scale. Pollinia on very long, slender, club- Apparently distinct by its corona from P. angustifolium; and by its large corolla and corona from P. macrum, with neither of which species, Fig. 1, upper part of a flowering stem, the natural size. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, corolla laid open; 4, corona-staminea, laid open; 5, one of its leaflets; 6, a Stamen, seen from without ; 7, peltate scale from the same; 8, pollen-masses ; all enlarged. 112. XYSMALOBIUM PEDUN CULATUM, Harv. (Asclepiadee.) bifariam pilosulis, foliis petiolatis ovatis acutis utrinque sparsim hispi- dis, pedunculo terminali elongato multifloro, umbellis globosis, pedi- cellis floribus duplo longioribus pubescentibus bracteolis minimis paucis basi stipatis, calyce piloso, corollze glabre laciniis ovatis patentibus, cor. stam. foliolis ovatis obtusis carnosis patentibus. Has.—Common in the valleys of the Winterberg, Mrs. F. Ww. Barber, autumn. (Herb. T. C. D.) Drscr.— Root fleshy? Stems numerous (30 or more) from the same crown, 6-12 inches long, simple, ascending, distantly leafy. Leaves 4-5 pair, 2-3 inches apart, on short petioles, 1-14 inches long, 3-1 inch wide, ovate or slightly cordate, acute, penninerved, thinly sprin- kled on each side with short bristles. Peduncle continuous with the stem, 4-5 inches long, bearing a dense umbel of 40_50 flowers or more, ers greenish-brown, 3—4 lines across, Calyx lobes lanceolate, pu- bescent. Corolla rotate, glabrous, with ovate lobes, slightly reflected finds it “common ;”” yet it seems to have escape collectors. In its inflorescence it differs remarka lobia, but has the simple corona-leaflets which al Fig, 1, a flowering stem, the natural size. ij : . 2, front vi f : k view; 4, a leaflet of the corona-staminea ; 5, poll a Pata Bi en-masses ; enlarged. CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 9 113. LOPHOSTEPHUS MOLLIS, Harv. (Asclepiadee.) Gen. Cuar.— Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla sub-campanulata, patula, 5-loba, lobis ovoideis carnosulis estivatione strictis. Corona-staminea profunde 5-partita, laciniis bifidis intus lacinula longissima auctis.” ‘Anthere mutice. Masse pollinis ovoider erecta juxta basim affixe, hine margine pellucido. Stigma pentagonum, muticum. Folliculi?— Herba ramosa, decumbens, foliis cordatis, umbellis axillaribus plurifloris. L. mollis, Harv. in Herb. T.C.D., Cynoctonum molle, E. Mey. ! Com. Drege, p. 216, Dne. in DC. Prodr. 8, p. 530. Has.—Grassy places in the Van Staadensberg and Zuureberg, Drege! Near Gra- hamstown, Genl. Bolton! Katberg, and other places on the Eastern frontier, H. Hutton! Zuureberg, on high hills, amongst rocks, Mrs. F. W. Barber ! summer. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Roots numerous, filiform, somewhat fleshy, clasping the rocks. Stems trailing, alternately branched, 1-2 feet long, bifariously pubescent and sparsely hispid. Leaves on pubescent petioles, cordate, obtuse or acute, about an inch long, nearly as wide, pubescent above, hispidulous beneath. Peduncles extra axillary, shorter than the leaves. Umbel laxly several flowered. Flowers 2 lines across, with a white tube and rich brown limb; the lobes thickened, opaque and velvety in the centre, pale at the margin. Corona-staminea 5-partite, its lobes ovate, deeply bifid, each portion acuminate, with a recurved point, and bearing in front a very long, tongue-shaped process. Pollinia oval, erect, basi-fixed, with an oblique, hyaline spot near the apex. Follicles not seen. This pretty Asclepiad was placed in Cynoctonum by E. Meyer; but as I find the pollinia are erect, besides other differential characters, T am compelled to remove it to a separate genus. It seems to me to be nearly allied to Brachystelma. Fig. 1, a plant; the natural size. Fig. 2. a flower, front view ; 3, corolla laid open ; 4, calyx; 5, one division of the corona; 6, a stamen; 7, pollen-masses (erect); 8, stigma; enlarged. ee ne = 114. DECACERAS HUTTONT, Harv. (Asclepiadee.) Grex. Coar.— Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla subeampanulata, patula, profunde 5-loba. Corona-staminea duplex ; exterior cupuliformis ore 10-dentato dentibus per paria (staminibus alternantia) approximatis ; interior 5-phylla, foliolis subulatis staminibus oppositis. Anthere apice membrana destitute. Masse pollinis erect, incurve, ovoide, margine interiori pellucidee. Stegma muticum. Folliculi... Her- bula, foliis linearibus, floribus axillaribus. D. Huttoni, Harv. in Herb. T. C.D. Has.—Botha’s Hill, near Grahamstown, Nov., 1861, H. Hutton. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.— Root not seen (probably tuberous). Stem 1-2 inches high, oppositely branched, scaberulous ; branches widely spreading. Leaves 10 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. linear, obtuse, 3 inch long, not a line wide, sessile, scaberulous, or minutely pubescent, especially on the under side. Pedicels extra-axil- lary, one-flowered, about equalling the leaves. Flowers yellow. Calyx lobes short, bluntish, scabrous. Corolla with a short, funnel-sbaped tube, and a spreading or reflexed, 5-parted limb, glabrous within : lobes subacute. Outer corona cup-shaped, the margin shortly 10-toothed, the teeth in pairs alternating with the stamens; the interspaces minutely bidentulate. nner corona of 5 subulate processes, one opposite each stamen. Anthers without membrane. Pollen-masses erect, incurved, basifixed, ovoid, pellucid at the extremity, A minute plant, allied to Brachystelma, from which it differs in corolla and corona. I have only seen the single specimen found by Mr. Hutton, and now placed in the Dublin Uniy. Herbarium. Fig. 1, a plant ; the natural size. Fig. 2, a flower ; 3, corolla laid open ; 4, corona- staminea, enclosing the Synostegium ; 5, portion of the corona, epened out, seen from within, with three stamens in situ; 6, 7, front and side view of stamens; 8, pollen- masses: all magnified. iil Sb ec ie 115. SISYRANTHUS VIRGATUS, E. Mey. (Asclepiadee.) S. virgatus; caule foliisque glaberrimis, umbella multiflora hispi- dula, bracteis calycibusque ciliatis, corolle laciniis oblongis obtusis acutisve introrsum densissime barbatis, antheraruam membrana ciliata. £. Mey. Comm. Drege, p- 197, Dne. in DC. Prodr. 8, p. 649. Var. 8. trichostomus: caule foliisque parcissime pilosis, ambella multiflora, bracteis pedicellis calycibusque hispidis, corolla ad faucem barbata laciniis glabris, antherarum membrana ciliata. Has.—Grassy places, between Omsamwubo and the great cataract, Drege? Natal, J. Sanderson! 449. Lower Albany, H. Hutton! Kreili’s country, A. Bowker! Var, 8. Natal, J. Sanderson! 136. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.— Roots of several thick, fleshy fibres. Stem solitary, about 2 feet high, slender, virgate, unbranched, glabrous, distantly leafy. Leaves linear, 4~5 inches long, 1-14 line wide, tapering at base, acute, one-nerved, with recurved margins; axils often bearded. Umbels on short peduncles or subsessile, 10, 20, 30-flowered, the bracts, pedicels, and calyces more or less hispid. Corolla subeampanulate, its oblong or ovate-oblong lobes densely bearded within; in B. bearded only at the apex. Anthers tipped by a ciliate scale in both varieties, the apex, the apiculus wart-shaped, ciliate.’ J find the corona-seg- ments shortly tricuspidate, not ciliate, and the anthers tipped by a ciliate scale. Are our plants different? Fig. 1, a plant; natural size. Fig. 2, a flower: 3, two of the corolla lo seen from within; 4, back and front view of one of the corona-segments : 5, Bacio of an anther; 6, pollen-masses ; all magni fied, CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. ll 116. SISYRANTHUS IMBERBIS, Harv. (Asclepiadee.) _ S. imberbis: caule foliisque glaberrimis, umbella pauciflora glaber- rimo, calycis laciniis acuminatis glabris, corolla ad faucem minutissime ee laciniis ovatis acutis introrsum glaberrimis, antheris imber- ibus. Hazs.—Valleys S. E. of Grahamstown, H. Hutton. Kreili’s country, H. Bowker, No. 299! (Herb. T. C. D.) Very similar to S. virgatus, but more glabrous, with fewer flowers in the umbel, acuminated calyx-lobes, nearly as long as the corolla (not represented quite correctly in the figure) ; a nearly glabrous corolla, and simple-topped anthers. Calyzx-lobes much attenuated, acute. Fig. 1, a plant; the natural size. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, two lobes of corolla, laid or i 4, one of the corona-segments ; 5, apex of an anther: 6, pollen-masses ; all mag- é a ee eon ee 117. ADENIUM NAMAQUANUM, Wyl. (Apocyne@.) A. Namaquanum ; caudice sub-simplici elato crasso tuberculato, tuberculis bispinosis, foltis ad apicem caudicis approximatis obovato- oblongis obtusis basi attenuatis undulatis utrinque stellato-velutinis penninerviis costa valida percursis; pedicellis, calycibus, corollisque villosis, lobis corolle oblongis obtusis. Paters. Travels, p. 124, cum icone eximia. Has.—Namaqualand, Lieut. W. Paterson, A. Wyley! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Stem thick and fleshy, 5-6 feet high, tapering upwards, tuberculated throughout, each tubercle armed with a pair of long, straight, spreading spines. Leaves crowded at the summit, 4-5 inches long, 2-24 inches wide, obovate-oblong, obtuse, tapering to the base, velvety on both sides, with stellate pubescence, penninerved, with a strong midrib. Flowers in sparingly branched cymules, from the axils of the leaves, on short, villous peduncles. Calyx scarcely longer ¢han the narrow parts of the corolla-tube, 5-parted, segments oblong, acute, hairy. Corolla 14 inch long, tube widening upwards, limb of 5 oblong, blunt segments. Filaments very short, hispid ; anthers sagit- tate. Stigma conoidal. Five fleshy hypogynous glands. This very remarkable plant, now known in the colony as the “ Ele- phant’s Trunk,” was first observed in October, 1779, by Lieut. W. Pater- son, the traveller, who has given an excellent figure of the apex of the trunk, bearing leaves and flowers, and makes the following brief record in his journal :—‘‘ At noon we passed the Lion’s River, the banks of which are in general inhabited by those animals. The country is ex- tremely barren, and covered with small sharp stones, which proved very injurious to our horses’ hoofs. In the evening we arrived at a small, brackish fountain, where we staid all night, and the next day our way lay through a narrow path between two high mountains.” “T found here the most beautiful plant I ever saw of the Pentandria eaten aR 12 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM, monogynia class. It grows to six feet high, and is full of long spines from the ground to the tops, and forms a large crown of crisped leaves, and reddish tubular flowers, tinged with yellow and green.” Paters. Trav., p. 124. Tam indebted to Mr. A. Wyley for the leaf and flower- stem here figured, which allow us to refer to its proper place one of the most interesting of S. African plants. Two other species of Adenium are known; one found at Aden, in Arabia, the other in Senegal, Fig. 1, a leaf; 2, peduncle and flowers; the natural size. Fig. 8, calyx; 4, corolla laid open; 5, a stamen; 6, ovary and style; 7, cross section of the ovary; enlarged. So ae Se ts eer 118. ROGERIA LONGIF LORA, Gay. (Pedalinee. ) R: longiflora; foliis petiolatis ovatis orbiculatisve repandis triner- viis, fauce corolle gracili conico-teretiuscula, fructu bispinoso. DC. Prodr. 9, p. 257, Martynia longiflora, Meerb. Ie. t.7. Willd. Sp. 3. 265. Martynia Capensis, Glox. mo Royen. Namaqualand, A. Wyley. Damaraland, Miss Elliott. (Herb. T. C.D; Derscr.— Stem robust, 1-2 feet long, diffuse, glabrous. eaves on long petioles, opposite, broadly ovate or sub-rotund, 2-24 inches long, 13-2 inches wide, glabrous, the younger ones powdery on both sides, the older on the under side chiefly, the margin repand or angular, some- times inclining to be lobed. Corolla tube nearly 3 inches long, swollen on its upper side at base, narrowest in the middle, somewhat funnel- shaped at top; the limb spreading, unequally 5-lobed, lobes obtuse. Filaments of the fertile stamens hispid at base; the abortive stamen a small hispid bristle. A large, strong-growing, glabrous or glaucous annual, growing (per- haps commonly?) in the arid districts north of the Orange River; sel- dom collected, and wanting in many Herbaria. Fig. 1, flowering branch ; the natural size, Fig. 2, stamens; 3, calyx, ovary, and style; 4, a cross section of ovary; all enlarged. a 119. CUSCUTA CASSYTHOIDES, Nees. ( Convolvulacea.) C. cassythoides; “ catle funiculari, floribus subsessilibus cymoso- spicatis, calycis globosi lobis orbiculatis concavis imbricatis verucosis corollz tubum latum breviter cylindricum includentibus, laciniis ovatis obtusis vix basi imbricatis erectis tubum squantibus, antheris cordato- ovatis ad faucem sessilibus, squamis tenuissimis apice truncato pauci- dentatis tubo brevioribus, stylo ovario ovato-conico [vix ] zequilongo, stigmate capitato bilobo, capsula ovata, seminibus ovato-triangulatis tenuiter veruculosis,” Engelm. in Trans. Acad. of S. Louis, U.8., vol. i., No. 3, p. 513.—Engelm. on Cuscuta, p. 63. Has.—aA parasite. Forests of Uitenhage, Drege, Zeyher Hangklipp, Mundt & Maire! Kariega Bush, H. Hutton! Near Grahamstown, Genl. Bolton ! Near Fort Bowker, H. Bowker. Palmict River, Natal, W. T. Gerrard, 1802, June. (Herb. GONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 13 Descr.—Stems several feet long, much thicker than packthread, shrivelling when dry. Spicate-cymes solitary or 2-3 together, 1-3 inches long, interruptedly many flowered. lowers subsessile, solitary or in pairs. Calyx lobes very broad and obtuse, enclosing the tube of the corolla. Cor. lobes ovate, subacute. Anthers sessile. Squame mostly bidentate. I copy from one of Mrs. F. W. Barber’s letters the following account of this curious parasite :—*“‘ It was found near Fort Bowker, growing on a sp. of Lycium (I think L.afrum), Tt has long, twining, strap-shaped branches, green and round, with elongated, purple spots, and has the appearance among the branches of the Lyciwm of a hopelessly entangled fishing-line. It draws its nourishment through the lower surface of its branches, where it first clasps the branch of the Lycium ; the corre- sponding surface of the parasite is not unlike the suckers on the long arms of the cuttle-fish. Its most peculiar method of propagation {or rather self-division] is by sending out long, line-like branches, which -entwine themselves firmly round those of the Lycium; and after one has established itself on a new branch, the connecting link between it and the old stock dies away, and a new plant is established on its own account. The base of the new plant then becomes broader, and of a darker purple, and it soon sends out new branches, which go and do likewise! My brother says he looked in vain for a parent stem, or starting point.” —I. £. B. in litt. Fig. 1, part ofa flowering branch ; 2, part of a fruiting branch; both the natural size. Fig. 3, a flower; 4, calyx laid open; 5, corolla laid open; 6, ovary; 7, cross section of same; 8, capsule, in the persistent calyx ; 9, embryo; all magnified. ae 120. SISYNDITE SPARTEA, E. Mey. (Zygophyllea.) S. spartea, L. Mey. in Hb. Drege, Harv. ¥ Sond. Fl. Cap., vol. i., p. 384. Hasn.—Between Natvoet and the Gariep, 1000-1500 feet, Drege. Namaqualand, 4. Wyley, September. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A glabrous half-shrub, several feet high, with rodlike branches and ramuli. Leaves opposite, minutely stipulate, elongate, distantly pinnate, the petiole resembling a ramulus, terete and rush- like, the leaflets subsessile, obovate, leathery, small, 6-8 lines long, 3 lines wide, in distant pairs. Stipules minute, ovate, obtuse, woolly within. Peduncles one-flowered, terminal, or in the forks of the branches, 3-1 inch long. Calyx segments unequal, ovato-lanceolate and lanceolate, nearly 2 inch long, the wider woolly within. Petals obovate, rather longer than the calyx, striate, thickened at base. Hypogynous scales ovate, unequally several-toothed, glabrous. Ovary 5-celled, very hairy ; style single, columnar. Stamens 10; filaments subulate, hispidulous ; anther linear-sagittate, mucronate. Capsule 5-lobed, clothed with long, golden-yellow hairs. 14 CONSPECTUS TARULARUM. This may be called the Desert Broom. Its long and slender, dis- tantly branched, rush-like stems, and the minute leaflets on swollen and elongate petioles are quite peculiar; while the large, yellow blossoms are very ornamental. The fleshy scales, surrounding the very hairy ovary, resemble little hands. Fig. 1, flowering twig ; 2, back view of a flower ; natural size, Fig. 3, a petal; 4, stamen ; 5, hypogynous scales; 6, ovary; 7, section of the carpels (the hairs removed) ; 8, an ovule; variously magnified. 121. PELARGONIUM BOWKERI, Harv. ( Geraniacee.) P. Bowkeri: radice nodoso-tuberoso, caule brevi carnoso, foliis sub- radicalibus petiolatis bi-tri-pinnati-partitis, pinnis in rachide valde elongato suboppositis alternisve numerosis, pinnulis lineari-filiformibus integerrimis tenuiter adpressé pubescentibus; stipulis lanceolatis acu- minatis, scapo foliis longiori patentim puberulo, umbella multiflora, pedicellis bracteas oblongas villosas parum superantibus, petalis pro- funde bilobis, lobis fimbriato-multifidis.—Zurv. iin Ll. Cap. Suppl., vol. ii., p. 592. Has.—Trans- Kei country, rare, H. Bowker. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Root formed of one, two, or several turnip-shaped tubercles, one above the other. Stem 1-2 inches long, simple, leafy, and flori- ferous at the summit, partly subterranean. Leaves 4_8 inches long on petioles 3-5 inches long, lanceolate-linear in outline, bi-tri-pinnatipar- tite; pinnz in several pairs, or alternate, multifid; the pinnules not 4 line wide, all parts thinly and appressedly pubescent, with whitish hairs. Pedune. 12-15 inches high, many fl. Bracts and calyx villous. — Upper petals, greenish-yellow, lower purple at base, greenish-yellow -above, all bipartite and multifid, the shreds very narrow-linear. A very handsome Pelargonium, with the flowers of P. schizopetalun, Amatymbicum and Caffrum, but differing from all these remarkably in foliage. I name it in compliment to its discoverer, to whom I am indebted for many interesting plants from the Trans-Kei territory. Fig. 1, a peduncle in flower ; 2, a leaf (the upper part cut off) ; 3, tuberous root and stem : all of the natural size, tn in 122. MONTINIA ACRIS, Linn. f. ( Onagrariea.) M. acris, Linn. f. Suppl., 427; Thunb., Fl. Cap., 142; DC. Prod., 8,35; FE. % Z.!/ 1757; Hare. & Sond., Fi. Cap. 2, p. 308; i. cary- ophyllacea, Thunh., Act. Lund. 1, 108; Sm. Spicil., t.15: Burm. Afr., #. 90, f. 1-2; M. frutescens, Gaertn. CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 15 Has.—Dry ground, throughout the colony, and in Namaqualand: very common. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A twiggy, glabrous, and glaucous bush, 1-3 feet high. Twigs compressed or angular, pale. Leaves varying from oblong to lanceolate and linear, quite entire, one-nerved, veinless, 1-2 inches long. Flowers in terminal, few-flowered cymes, dicecious ; petals white, sub-rotund. -Anthers oblong, extrorse, erect. Pollen 3-cornered. Cap- sule splitting through the centre, and almost always through the style, which has a greater or less tendency to be forked or bipartite; stigmas always two. This bush is usually referred to Onagrariee. In the Fl. Capensis (vol. ii., p. 807) I have referred it to Saxifragacee, on account of the cymoid inflorescence, imbricated (not twisted) petals, imperfectly 2-celled ovary, capsule splitting through the centre, and albuminous seeds, in all which characters it agrees better with Saxifragacee than with Ona- grariee. But I had omitted to examine the pollen, which is that of an Onagrad, and this character, I suppose, outweighs all the others cited. Fig. 1, flowering twig of a male plant; 2, of a female, with partly ripe capsules ; the natural size. Fig. 3, calyx of the male; 4, flower; 5, petal, 6, stamen, of the same; 7, a style; 8, the same at a more advanced stage; 9, a seed; 10, embryo; all mag- nified. oe A a a 123. CHORISTYLIS RHAMNOIDES, Harv. (Saxifragacea.) Ch. rhamnoides, Harv. in Hook, Lond. Jour. 1, p. 19; Fl. Cap. 2, p. 808. Baobotrys rufescens, E. Mey! in Hb. Drege ; Mesa palustris, Hochst. in pl. Krauss. Hax.—Near the Berlin Mission Station, Katberg, Rev. J. Brownlee! Dr. Pappe! Eckl. & Zey.! Between Omtendo and Omsamculo, Drege! Natal, Krauss, (Herb. TC; D:) Descr.—A shrub, 7-8-10 feet high, leafy. Leaves 14-24 inches long, 1-2 inches wide, alternate, petiolate, ovate or oblong, acute, sharply serrate, strongly penninerved and paler beneath, glabrous or nearly so. Serratures gland-tipped. Flowers smali and green, in short, axillary paniculoid cymes. Calyx 5-toothed. Petals triangular, twice as long as broad, valvate in sestivation. Stamens in some flowers abor- tive; and then very small, with hispid anthers. Styles at first parallel and connate, then diverging. Capsule opening by a fissure between the two, diverging styles. ‘ Allied to Forgesia in character, but with very different foliage and flowers. Our plant has the general aspect of some Rhamnus. Fig. 1, a branchlet, in flower; the natural size. Fig. 2, a flower, just opening ; 3, two of the petals, three calyx lobes behind them, and three abortive stamens, 1n situ; 4, a stamen; 5, one of the abortive stamens; 9%, connate styles from a flower; 7, a nearly ripe capsule; 8, divergent styles of the same; 9, cross section of ovary; all magnified. 16 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 124. CURTISIA FAGINEA, Ait. ( Cornea.) C. faginea, 411. Hort. Kew, 1, 162; DC. Prodr. 2, p. 12; Lam. Ml. t. 71; Th. Fl. Cap. 141; Burm. Dec. Afr., p. 235, t. 82; Harv. s Sond. Fl. Cap. 2, p. 570; Pappe, Sylv. Cap. Ea. 2, p- 19. Has.—Forests, throughout the colony and in Caffraria. (Herb. T. C. D.) Drscr.—A tree, 20-40 feet high, with dark-coloured bark. Leaves petiolate, opposite, ovate or ovate-oblong, acute, somewhat cuneate at base, coarsely toothed, coriaceous, glossy above, paler and strongly penninerved beneath, the nerves puberulous. FJowers 4-parted, minute, greenish, in terminal, trichotomous tomentulose panicles. Ovar 4-celled, with a pendulous ovule in each cell. Fruit slightly fleshy, inclosing a hard, 4-celled nut. Well known as the Hassagayboom. ‘*The wood, which is highly prized within the colony, is solid, extremely tough, heavy, close-grained, very durable, and resembles plain mahogany. It answers well for all kinds of superior furniture, tools, &e.; but is truly invaluable, and not to be surpassed by any other wood, in the construction of wagons, par- ticularly in the country, where the natural difficulties of the roads, the great distances to go, and the excessive heat of the climate, require strong and substantially built vehicles for travelling. Called Omhlebe by the Kaffirs.”—Papype, 1. c. Fig. 1, a flowering twig ; natural size. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, calyx and ovary; 4, a petal; 5, stamen; 6, cross section of ovary; 7, ovule; 8, fruit; 9, section of same, magnified, 125. HARPEPHYLLUM CAFFRUM, Bernh. (Lerebintacee.) H. Caffrum, Bernh.—Harv. § Sond., Fl. Cap. 1, p. 525, Pappe, Sylv. Cap. Ed., 2, p- 14; Spondias ? Saleata, Meisn. Haz.— Woods at Howison’s Poort, near Grahamstown, Zeyher! H. Hutton, Dr. Atherstone. Uitenhage, Ecklon! J. Brehm ! Port Elizabeth, Mrs. Holland, No. 45. Natal, J. M‘Ken! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A tree, 20-30 feet high, with the habit of Ekebergia Capensis (for which it has sometimes been mistaken). Branches knotted, after the leaves drop. Leaves 8-12 inches long; leaflets in 5-7 pairs, 2-24 inches long, 6-9 lines wide, lanceolate-acuminate, unequal-sided, some- what falcate-recurved. Male panicle terminal, half as long as the leaves ; flowers small and white. Petals 4-5. Stamens 8-9. This, in common with Ekebergia Capensis, is called ** Esenhout,”’ or “‘ Cape Ash.” Its fruit is edible. « Wood, red, tough, very hand- some when polished, and useful for household furniture, planking, and various other purposes.”’_ Pappe 1, ¢. Fig. 1, end of a flowering (male) branch and leaf ; natural size. Fig. 2, a flower: 3, petal; 4, stamen; 5, abortive ovary; 6, aberry; all but fig. 6 magnified, a i CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 17 126. XIMENIA CAFFRA, Sond. ( Olacinee.) XK. Caffra: tomentosa; ramis spinosis ferrugineis, foliis ellipticis vy. oblongo-ellipticis obtusis emarginatis coriaceis supra demum glabra- tis; pedunculis axillaribus solitariis v. binis unifloris, petalis extus pubescentibus intus dense barbatis.—Sond. in Linn. 23, p.21. Fl. Cap. 1, p. 235. Has.—Woods at Magalisberg, Zey! 1847. Port Natal. Gueinzius. (Herb. T. C.D.) Descr.—A coarse shrub. Branches widely spreading, terete or angular, mostly clothed with short, rust-coloured tomentum, sometimes glabrous, armed with short, stout, spreading, axillary or exaxillary spines. Leaves on short petioles, about 14-2 inches long, an inch, or rather more wide, quite entire, obtuse, one-nerved, the younger on each side clothed with short pubescence, the full grownshining above. Pedune. axillary, short. Cal. 4-fid. Petals 4, oblong, densely bearded within, with an inflexed point. Stamens, 8 ; anthers linear, erect. The specimens from Natal (var. 8. Natalensis, Sond.) have leaves and branches glabrous, and nearly resemble X. /aurina, DC. Fig. 1, flowering branch; the natural size. Fig. 2, calyx, stamens, and ovary, in situ (the petals removed); 3, front and side view of a petal; 4, a stamen; 5, ovary; 6, placenta and 4 pendulous ovules ; 7, drupe; all en/arged. 127. EMBELIA KRAUSSII, Harv. (Myrsinee.) E. Kraussii: glabra; foliis obovato-oblongis acutis integerrimis marginibus reflexis basi cuneatis breviter petiolatis ; racemis lateralibus folio brevioribus; lobis calycinis deltoideis acutis; petalis oblongis pa- tentibus calyce duplo longioribus—Celastrus oleoides, Hochst ! in Pi. Krauss, No. 407 (exel. syn.). Has.—Natal, Dr. Krauss! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A glabrous shrub. Leaves 1-14 inches long, oblong or obo- vate, acute, cuneate at base, shortly petiolate, thin and membranous, the margin slightly reflexed; nerves pennate, but very slender. Racemes lateral, from old leaf scars, $2 inch long, 8-12 flowered. Bracts con- cave, oval, much shorter than the pedicels. Calyx small, cupshaped, distantly 5-toothed. Petals 5, oblong, narrower below, hypogynous, imbricate in eestivation, straight, not convolute, much longer than the calyx. Stamens 5, opposite the petals, and adnate to them at base; fila- ments shorter than the petal, flattish, subulate ; anther medifixed, erect, 2-celled, opening inwards. Ovary half sunk in a fleshy, 5-crenate disc, 1-celled, with two basal ovules; style filiform ; stigma simple. Of this I have only seen the small specimen distributed by Arauss, and erroneously referred by Hochstetter to the widely different Celastrus oleoides, Lam. (C.lawrinus, Thunb.). There can be no doubt that it is a species of Embelia, and I think quite unlike any of those described by De Candolle. VOL, II. c * 18 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. Embelia (including therein Choripetalum, A.DC., which only dif- fers by a 4-parted flower) is remarkable among Myrsinee for its poly- petalous corolla, its very small placenta and few ovules; by the first of these characters it is anomalous as a member of a monopetalous Order. In Myrsine, however, though the corolla is more usually shortly rotate, it is sometimes dialipetalous, and in several of its species the ovules are few ; thus removing some of the chief distinctive characters of Embelia itself. Fig. 1, branch in flower; natural size. Fig. 2, a flower; the same after removing petals and stamens; 4, calyx laid open, seen from within; 5, petal and stamen; 6. ovary ; 7, the same, cut open longitudinally ; 8, cross section of ovary ; magnified. 128. HETEROPYXIS NATALENSIS, Harv. (Heteropywidec.) Gen. Cuar.—Calyx cyathiformis, 5-dentatus, eestivatione vix imbri- eatus. Petala 5, ovata, calycis fauce inserta, subsessilia, pellucido- punctata. Discus perigynus, calycis tubum tegens, tenuis. Stamina 5, cum petalis inserta, et iisdem opposita; filamenta subulata; anthers biloculares, versatiles, lateraliter dehiscentes. Ovariwm liberum, 2-vel rarissime 3-loculare ; ovula numerosa, semiamphitropa, in placentis car- nosulis dissepimento adnatis; stylus cylindricus: stigma obtusum. Fructus... .? H. Natalensis, Marv. in Herb. T. C.D. Haxs.—Port Natal, Gueinzius! Nototi, W. T. Gerrard! No. 1511. Umeomas, M, J. K‘Ken! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A low tree, glabrous in all parts. Leaves alternate, shortly petiolate, tapering to both extremities, acuminate, quite entire, reticu- lately veined, pellucid-dotted, paler on the under surface. 2 Jowers small, ‘dull white, fragrant” (G. § M‘K.), in terminal or axillary panicles, pedicellate ; the pedicels minutely bracteate at base. Calyx cup-shaped, 5-toothed, the teeth bluntly deltoid, subvalvate in estivation. Petals inserted in the throat of the calyx, whose tube is lined with a thin ex- pansion of the disc, alternate with the segments, ovate, pellucid dotted. Stamens opposite the petals, and inserted with them ; filament short; anther versatile. Ovary free, very generally 2, very rarely 3-celled, with many ovules in each cell, affixed to axile placenta. Style short; stigma simple. rut unknown. This highly curious new genus, which I am unable to refer defini- tively to any established Natural Order, scems, in its floral characters, to combine some of the prominent features of two widely-separated Orders, namely, Myrsinee and Lythrariee ; and also to present, though in a much less degree, some of the characters of Rhamnea. At first I felt disposed to consider it as an anomalous genus of Myr- sine@, with which Order it agrees in habit, besides having the pellucid dots found in several species, and the stronger character of the stamens opposing the petals. Nor do the polypetalous flowers, nor the perigy- nous insertion of petals and stamens, offer an obstacle to such relation- 2 ms eS er ~ = - es eee CONSPECTUS TAPULARUM. 19 ship; for we have separate petals constantly in Ambelia, and often in Myrsine; and perigynous insertion in Mesa. But in Heteropyxis the ovary is never unilocular, nor is the placentation ‘ free-central ;”” consequently Tam advised by my friend Dr. Hooker, and other botanists with whom | have consulted, that it cannot with any propricty be placed in Myrsinea. Let us next compare it with Lythrariea, to which, as suggested to me by Drs. Hooker and Thomson, Heferopyis bears a very considerable relationship, greater perhaps than that to J/yrsinee ; insomuch that possibly it may yet be proved to be an actual Lythrarieous genus. In the first place, it sufficiently agrees with Zythrariee, in the perfectly entire leaves, in the absence of stipules, in inflorescence, and in the structure of the ovary. Nor do the glandular dots offer any anomaly, for such occur, both in calyx and foliage, in some Lythrarice (as in Woodfordia (Grislea tomentosa, Auct.)). In the form of the calyx, moreover, and very nearly, though not exactly, in its wstivation ; in the perigynous insertion of petals and stamens, we have further characters of Lythrariee. But in most Lythrariee the stamens are inserted within the tube of the calyx, at an appreciable and generally considerable dis- tance below the point of insertion of petals, and in cases where they are equal in number to the petals, they alternate with them; and even in the known diplostemoneous genera of Lythrariea, the outer stamens alter- nate with the petals, asin Lythrum. The insertion of the stamens within the calyx tube, however, though general, is by no means constant in Lythrariee ; for they are placed in the throat of the calyx in Anthery- lium, Duabanga, Sonneratia, Punica (if that be Lythrarieous), and in Crypteronia. In the last named genus, as Dr. Hooker suggests, we have the nearest approach to Heteropyxis ; for had Crypteronia petals, they would oppose the stamens, exactly as do those of Heteropyxis. Crypteronia, however, differs by its opposite leaves, strictly valvate calyx, form of anthers, and unisexual flowers. Nor do we yet know whether there is any agreement in structure of fruit or seed. The time has not come, therefore, for associating Heteropyxis with Lythrariea, although we may admit an affinity, perhaps suflicient to authorize our placing it in an appendix to that Order. Very few words will suffice to show that the connexion with Rham- nee@ is more apparent than real. Heteropyxis indeed agrees with Rhamnee in the opposition of the stamens to the petals, and their joint insertion at the summit of the disc-lined calyx-tube ; but it differs very much in habit, especially in the nervation of the leaves, the ab- sence of stipules, and in inflorescence; in the presence of glandular dots ; in the estivation of the calyx, and more especially in the poly- spermatous placente. Thus the points which separate it from Rhamnee are more numerous, and some of them of graver import, than those that suggest its relationship to that Order. What, then, shall we do with our Heteropyxts ? Until its ripe fruit and seeds shall have been seen and examined, its true place in the system must remain uncertain. The name, derived from érepos, and zvéis, was given to it on the supposition = it might prove to be an anoma- c 20 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. lous genus of Myrsinee, and was intended to allude to the character of ovary which separates it from other genera of that Order. [The ‘‘ He- _ teropyxis” of Griffith is superseded by Boschia, Korth., adopted by Benth. and Hook. in their Genera Plantarum]. I take this opportunity of drawing the attention of my kind corre- spondents at Natal to this shrub, and trust they may, before long, by sending home specimens of its ripe fruit and seeds, enable botanists to come to a more satisfactory opinion on its affinities. Fig. 1, flowering branch; the natural size. Fig. 2, an open flower and two flower buds; 3, calyx, bearing the petals and stamens, opened out; 4, a petal; 5, a stamen; 6, ovary; 7 and 8, different cross sections; 9, an ovule; all magnified. 129. MASA ALNIFOLIA, Harv. (Myrsinee.) M. alnifolia : ramulis puberulis ; foliis petiolatis cuneato-obovatis subtruncatis penninerviis apice crenato-dentatis glabris subtus tenuis- - sime puberulis, racemis axillaribus puberulis simplicibus, floribus poly- gamis, bracteis minutis, lobis calycinis ovatis puberulis, corolla (marium) calyce duplo longiore. Hazs.—Natal, Gueinzius, J. Sanderson. Fort Bowker, H. Bowker. British Caf- fraria, T. Cooper. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A large shrub or small tree. Zivzgs, peduncles, and young parts in general, minutely pubescent. Leaves on 4—2 inch long petioles, broadly obovate-cuneate or fan-shaped, I-14 inch long, 1 inch wide, or sometimes more, pennineryed, usually truncate or round topped and bluntly toothed, but varying to pointed, the adult glabrous above, mi- nutely puberulous beneath. acemes longer or shorter than the leaves. Flowers & and 3 : the male with 5 perfect stamens and an abortive ovary ; the female with glandlike, minute, subsessile staminodia. Coyolla white, with ovate lobes; that of the male flowers larger than of the female. Ovary inferior, with a free central placenta and many ovules. This new species of Mesa is quite distinct from IL rufescens, A.DC., the only recorded species from 8. Africa, and seems to me to be equally different from any of the other species of Asiatic or Insular origin de- scribed by De Candolle. Its leaves vary somewhat in form, but usually, as represented in our plate, bear much resemblance to those of the com- mon alder. It would appear to be distributed pretty widely, from Natal to the eastern frontier of the Cape Colony. Fig. 1, a flowering branch; the natural size. Fig. 2, calyx; 3, male flower, front view; 4, petal and stamen from the same; 5, female flower, side view; 6, its corolla laid open; 7, longitudinal section of its ovary ; 8, abortive ovary of the male flower; magnified. 130. QUISQUALIS PARVIFLORA, Gerr. ( Combretacea.) _ Q- parviflora: ramulis, petiolis, foliisque junioribus rufo-pubescen- tibus; foliis brevi-petiolatis membranaceis reticulatis ovali-oblongis CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 21 acuminatis supra glabrescentibus subtus ad nervos et margines pubes- centibus ; bracteis oblongo-lanceolatis persistentibus; calycis tubo un- ciali, lobis deltoideis acutis; petalis subrotundatis intus hispidulis ; an- theris globosis subsessilibus— Harv. § Sond. Fl. Cap. 2, p. 512. Has.—On dry rocks. Umhtoti, Natal, W. T. Gerrard. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A shrub. Calyx tube an inch long, clavate ; lobes 4 line long, tipped with rufous bristles. Peta/s 1-14 lines long, and nearly as wide, silky on the outside, minutely hispidulous within. //aments not half a line long, the anthers of the longer stamens in the throat of the calyx; those of the shorter quite included. One of Mr. Gerrard’s numerous interesting discoveries in the Natal country. It has the aspect of Q. indica, but much smaller flowers, and different stamens and petals. It is equally distinct from Q. ebracteata, Beauv., the only African species recorded. Fig. 1, flowering branch; the natural size. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, upper part of the calyx tube laid open, showing the stamens and 2 petals in situ; 4, petal; 5, a stamen ; 6, ovary (cut through to show the ovules) and style; all magnified. 131. PAVETTA BOWKERI, Harv. (Rubiacea.) P. Bowkeri: ramulis bifariam puberulis; foliis oblongo-lanceo- latis acuminatis basi in petiolo pubescente attenuatis margine recurvis supra glaberrimis subtus tomentosis; panicula laxe trichotoma glaber- rima; calycis lobis subulatis tubo 3—4plo longioribus; corolla glabra. Haz.—Swampy ground, at the mouth of the Bashee River, Caffraria; fl. in Feb., H. Bowker, No. 459. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A shrub. eaves 24-3 inches long, 1-1} inch broad, tapering to a sharp point; attenuated at base into a short, pubescent petiole, with slightly recurved margins; quite glabrous above, softly and densely tomentose beneath. Stipules acuminate or aristate, variable. Panicle terminal, repeatedly 3-forked, spreading, corymbose; bracts small. Calyx-lobes long, awl-shaped, 3—4 times longer than the ovary. Corolla white, its slender tube longer than the oblong, acute lobes. A very handsome species, with jasmine-like flowers. I have only seen the specimens communicated by Mr. Bowker, through his sister, my valued correspondent, Mrs. F. W. Barber. Some other new species of Pavetta have recently been discovered in the Natal and Zulu districts by Mr. T. Cooper and Messrs. Gerrard and M‘Ken. One of them (P. Gerrardi, MSS.), allied to the present, is equally handsome, and well deserving of cultivation in England. I hope to figure it in a future number. Probably many more species of arborescent Rubiacee still remain unnoticed in the wooded districts beyond the Eastern frontier. Fig. 1, a flowering twig; the natural size. Fig. 2, corolla laid open; 3, ovary, calyx, and style; 4, cross section of the ovary ; enlarged. _ 22 : CONSPECTUS TABULARUN. 182. BUNBURYA CAPEN SIS, Meisn. ( Rubiaceae. ) B. Capensis: Meisn. in Pl. Krauss. Natalanthe floribunda, Sond. in Linn., vol. xxiii., p. 52. Han.—Natal, Krauss, Gerr. & WK, No. 705. Transkei country, H. Bowker. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A much-branched leafy shrub. The virgate branches and twigs rusty pubescent. Leaves ovato-lanceolate, tapering to a bluntish point, rounded at base, shortly petioled, penninerved, glabrous, except on the nerves beneath. Petioles, nerves, pedicels, and calyx all rusty pubescent. Cymules axillary, 3-5 flowered, on peduncles about equalling the petioles; bracts short, connate into a little cup. Calyx subtended by a cup-like toothed bract; its limb campanulate, shortly 6-toothed. Corolla salver-shaped, 6-lobed or rarely 7-lobed. Stamens in the throat, exserted; filaments subulate; anthers spindle-shaped, straight, versa- tile. Ovary 2-celled, cells uniovulate. A handsome shrub, with the habit of a Coffea or a Kraussia, but generically distinct from both. It was originally named Bunburya, by Professor Meisner, in compliment to Sir Charles J. F. Bunbury, Bart., who travelled and botanized in South Africa some years since, and to whom I had (in Gen. S. A., Pl. Suppl. p. 41 6) inseribed an Asclepiad, which was not sufficiently distinct from Cynoctonum, and is now included in that genus. My friend Sone ", Supposing that the Asclepiad had pre- occupied the name “‘ Bunburia,’ “anged the name of Meisner’s genus to Natalanthe ; but I trust he will now coincide with me in the propriety of restoring to it the name given by Meisner, particularly as it comme- morates a naturalist in every way deserving of having his name perpe- tuated in a genus of plants. Fig. 1, flowering branch; natural size, Fig. 2, a corolla ; 3, one of its lobes and a stamen ; 4, calyx (with its bracts) and style; 5, cross section of an ovary ; all enlarged. 133. BERGIA ANAGALLOIDES, E, Mey. (Elatinacee.) B. anagalloides : glabra, basi suffruticosa ; caule herbaceo procum- bente Opposite ramoso ; foliis remotis oblongis Has.—On sand hills, near the right bank of th i ’ Drege! Namaqualand, _A. Wyley. (Herb. T, C, D.) = aah ———s or subcompressed, scaberulons, Leaves » denticulaie beyond lowers rosy-purple, Sepals acute or subacute, with ——— CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 23 a broad white margin. Stipules much smaller than in other species of Bergia. ‘A very pretty herbaceous perennial, not unworthy of cultivation in English gardens. Its flowers are larger than those of any 8. African species, and among the largest found in the order Elatinee. Fig. 1, part of a stem, in flower; natural size. Fig. 2, sepal; 3, petal; 4, circle of stamens, laid open; 5, Ovary 6, cross section of the same; 7, a seed; all magnified. ee 134. BOSCIA ANGUSTIFOLIA, Harv. ( Capparidea.) B. angustifolia: elaberrima ; foliis lanceolato-linearibus, basi et apice attenuatis, subpetiolatis mucronulatis coriaceis venosis stipulatis ; stipulis minutis; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque foliis brevio- ribus conferte racemosis plurifloris ; sepalis villoso-marginatis; floribus polyandris.— Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. addenda to vol. i., p. 19.* Has.—About Jackalsberg and Missionary Drift, Namaqualand, Andrew Wyley! (Herb. T. Cc. D.) Dzscr.—A virgate, slender, glabrous shrub, with pale yellowish- green twigs and leaves. Leaves 2-3 inches long, 14-2 lines wide, rigid, flat or-inrolled, scattered, spreading. Pedunc. 14_14 inches long, 6_10 flowered; bracts at base of pedicels linear, deciduous, each with 2 minute, persistent stipelle. Stipules tooth-like, minute. Calyx tube conical, densely glandular in the thr t. Sepals oblong, blunt, with woolly margins. Ovary on & long’stalk, oval. Fruit not seen. A remarkable shrub, which, though not uncommon in the above ha- bitats, appears to have escaped the notice of every collector except Mr. Wyley, who, whilst employed as geological surveyor in Namaqualand, discovered this and many other interesting plants, and kindly presented his specimens to the Dublin Herbarium. The wood is said to be hard, and close-grained. Fig. 1, a flowering branch; natural size. Fig. 2, a flower; 3, two of the sepals, showing the bearded throat of the calyx; 4, cross section of the ovary ; 5, stigmata; all magnified. : 135. SCHEPPERIA JUNCEA, DC. ( Capparidea.) S. juncea: DC. Prodr. 1, p. 245; Linnaa, 1, p- 255, t. iii.; Harv. & Sond. ? Fl. Cap. 1, p. 593 Cleome juncea, Sparm. Linn. Syst. p. 605 (non. Th. Fl. Cap.); Cleome aphylla, Th. Fl. Cap. p. 497; Macromerum sunceum, Burch. Trav. 1, p- 388; Schep. aphylla et S. juncea, E. et 4 Enum. 106, 107. Haz.—Karroo, beyond Hartequa’s Kloof, Thunberg- Great Fish River, Bergius. Gariep, Burchell. Swellendam, Clanwilliam, Graaf Reynet, and Uitenhage, E.§ Z./ ~ Drege, Krauss. Sneeuweberg, A. Wyley. Modderfontein, Namaqualand, Rev. Hi. Whitehead. Near Craddock, T. Cooper, No. 497. * (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A much-branched, rigid, nearly leafless shrub, 2-3 feet high. Branches alternate or rarely opposite, or fascicled, erecto-patent or spreading, often spinous at the points. Leaves none, except on the 24 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. very young twigs; then scale-like, acute, 1 line long. Racemes shortly corymbose, lateral. Flowers red or yellowish. Peduncles clammy. Sepals unequal, the back and front sepal keeled, the latter ovate, much larger: lateral sepals flat, ovate, acute, Stamens mostly 8. Fruit a sausage-shaped berry, 14_2 inches long, as thick as a goose-quill, viscid, densely glandular, and strongly scented. Though neither new nor very uncommon, I have thought this shrub worth figuring, on account of its rush-like, naked stems and branches, and its singularly formed flowers. These seem to be commonly red, but are said to vary to yellow. Their viscid glandular pubescence has the peculiar smell so characteristic of most of the Capparidee, and which is still more pungent in the fleshy fruit of this bush. Fig. 1, flowering branches; natural size. Fig. 2, the four sepals, in position; 3, the stamens and stipitate ovary, with the hoodlike nectary at base of the staminal column; 4, an anther; all magnified. 136. DIANTHERA BURCHELLIANA, KL ( Capparidee.) D. Burchelliana: glauca, caule terete striato aculcis innocuis re- flexis exasperato, foliis inferioribus longe-petiolatis 7-foliolatis, superio- ribus brevius-petiolatis 3-5 foliolatis, foliolis angustissime linearibus obtusis; petalis ineequalibus obovatis, staminibus fertilibus 2, stamino- diis 6 brevioribus appendicula conico-oblonga coronatis, siliquis linea- ribus pendulis glabris.—A7. in Peters, Mozamb. Bot., p. 161, in notes Sond. in Fl. Cap. 1, p. 58; Cleome diandra, Burch. Trav. 1, p. 548; Polunisia dianthera, DC. Prodr. i, p. 242. Haz.—Gattikamma, Burchell. Stony hills at Zwartbulletje and at Gamke River, Drege. Namaqualand, A. Wyley. Near Brak River, Craddock, T. Cooper, No. 583. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A tall, straggling annual, 1-3 feet high; slender, the stem more or less sprinkled with rigid, but blunt, recurved bristles. Branches erect, striate. Leaflets 1-11 inch long, 1 line wide. Flowers rosy ? Pods 2-21 inches long, 14 line wide; at first suberect, then pendulous. Ur. Cooper’s specimens have very few of the reflexed bristles on the stem, but do not otherwise differ, Fig. 1, branch in flower; the natural size, Fig. 2, a sepal; 3, one of the larger, and 4, one of the smaller petals; 5, a stamen; 6, a staminodium 3 7, top of the latter; all magnified. 137, 188. DOMBEYA BURGESSLA, Gerr. (Byttneriacee.) D. Burgessie: ramulis petiolis pedunculisque dense villosis, foliis longissime pedunculatis basi cordatis breviter et obtuse 3—5-lobatis utrinque molliter villoso-tomentosis, pedunculis petiolum equantibus cymoso-corymbosis multifloris, bracteis . . . . ? sepalis lanceolatis acu- se villosis, ovario tomentoso.—Harv. iin Fil. Cap., vol. ii., Suppl., p. 590, Has.—Zululand, M. J. M‘Ken. Klip River. Natal, W. 7. Gerrard. (Herb. T. C. D.) CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 25 Drscr.—A much-branched shrub, 8-10 feet high, with beautiful pale green foliage, resembling that of Sparmannia Africana. Petioles 4-6 inches long; stipules 3 inch, ovato-lanceolate. Leaves 5-7 inches across, 5-7-nerved, with as many shallow, blunt lobes, clothed with long, soft, simple hairs. Flowers 14-17 inches across, white, pencilled with rosy lines, showy and fragrant. A very fine species, one of three new Dombey@, added to the Cape Flora since the publication of vol. i; a proof of the activity of our cor- respondents. Other new species may be expected in the Natal district, but we can hardly anticipate one finer than this, which is dedicated by Mr. Gerrard to Miss Burgess, of Birkenhead. Fig. 1, a leaf and peduncle ; the natural size. Fig. 2, a sepal; 3, petal; 4, two of the staminodia, and two parcels of stamens ; 5, ovary and style; magnified. 139. CYRTANTHUS BREVIFLORUS, Harv. (Amaryllidea.) C. brevifiorus: foliis binis longe-lingulatis apice attenuatis subacu- tis, umbella 6-9 flora, floribus erecto-patentibus infundibuliformibus, tubo brevi lacinias lanceolatas acutas subequante, filamentis brevissimis. Has.—Natal, Krauss, No. 255. Summit of the Kaga Berg, and about the sources of the Kat River, 6000 feet, H. Hutton. In marshy ground, Umgaika Kop, T. Cooper. No. 255. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Bulb white (T. Cooper). Leaves flat, strap-shaped, 12-15 inches long, $-2 inch wide, tapering toa bluntish point. Scape scarcely equalling the leaves, terete. Umbel several-flowered, the spathe-bracts lanceolate, membranous. Pedicels slender, erect, or slightly spreading. Perianth bright yellow, shortly funnel-shaped, the segments as long as the tube or rather longer, lanceolate, acute. Stamens in the throat, the three longer scarcely exserted, all with very short filaments. Anthers versatile. : A very pretty bulbous plant, allied to C. lutescens (Bot. Mag. t. 5374), but readily known by its short flowers, and much broader flat leaves. I fear my figure (taken from dried specimens) represents the limb of the perianth too much spread. It seems to be widely dis- tributed. The specimens from the above localities precisely agree. Krauss’s specimens ought to have been seen by Kunth, but I cannot find that they are noticed in the Enumeratio Plantarum. Fig. 1, scape and leaf; the natural size. Fig. 2, perianth, laid open; 3, a stamen ; 4, ovary and style; 5, cross section of ovary ; all enlarged. 140, TURNERA CAPENSIS, Harv. ( Turneracee.) T. Capensis: dense hirsuta; caule humili suffruticoso basi ramoso ; foliis lanceolato-oblongis obtusis dentatis basi angustatis brevissime pe- tiolatis, pedunculis axillaribus unifloris liberis folio multo brevioribus, calyce profunde 5-fido, laciniis lineari-lanceolatis acutis, petalis oblongo- ovatis._—Harv. in Fl. Cap., vol. ii., Suppl., p. 599. Has.—Aapjes River, Burke § Zeyher! (Herb. T. €. D.) 26 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. Descr.—Root thick and woody. Stems 4-6 inches high, erect, simple, or slightly branched. Every part of the plant is thickly clothed with loose coarse pubescence. Leaves 1-1} inches long, 4—5 lines wide, very hairy. Peduncles 4-7 lines long, curved. Flowers small, and pro- bably white. Ca/ya-tube not one fourth as long as the lobes. Fila- ments flat, subulate. Ovary hirsute. Styles longer than the stamens; stigmas expanded, channelled, fimbriate. An interesting, though not a conspicuons, plant; one of the very few. species of the order, and the only one of the genus, found in Africa. It was accidentally omitted from its proper place in vol. ii. of FV. Cap., but will be found in the Appendix, as above quoted. Fig. 1, a plant; the natural size. Fig. 2, a flower laid open; 3, a petal; 4, a sta- men; 5, ovary and trifid style; 6, one of the style branches; all magnified. 141. ONCOBA KRAUSSIANA, Pl. (Bizacee.) O. Kraussiana : inermis, foliis elliptico-oblongis obtusis vel vix acu- tis puberulis demum glabratis integerrimis, pedunculis terminalibus axillaribusve, petalis 9-12 obovatis basi attenuatis hispidulis, antheris linearibus obtusis vy. brevissime mucronulatis,—arv. § Sond. Fl. Cap.1, p-66. Xylotheca Kraussiana, Hochst. . Fas ee Krauss, 352. Plant, 45. Sanderson, 34. Gerr. & M‘K., 693. (Herb. .&. D: Descr.—A much branched shrub or small tree, 10-15 ft. high. Young twigs pubescent, older with a rough, ashen bark. Leaves 2-24 inches long, 1-1} broad, midribbed, penninerved, and netted veined; paler below, quite entire. Peduncles, 2-3 inches long. Flowers large and handsome, with many petals. Petals broad, obovate, much attenuated at base, sprinkled with curled, short hairs. Anthers linear, nearly as long as the filaments, obtuse or subacute. Ovary usually hairy; in Mr. Sanderson’s specimen glabrous. A handsome flowering shrub, not uncommon near D’ Urban, Natal. Whether the var. with glabrous ovary be permanently distinct remains to beseen. I can detect no other character by which to distinguish the specimen seen. Fig. 1, a flowering branch ; natural size. Fig. 2, a petal; 3, stamen; 4, ovary and style; enlarged. separa area 142. ONCOBA SPINOSA, Forsk. (Bixacea.) _ ©. spinosa: spinis axillaribus armata, glabra ; foliis brevi-petiola- tis ovato-acuminatis membranaceis reticulatis denticulatis, pedunculis terminalibus unifloris, petalis 5-12 obovatis basi latiusculis minute den- ticulatis glabris, antheris oblongis brevibus mucronatis.—Harv. in Sond. & Harv. Fl. Cap. vol. ii., p. 584, Suppl. O. monacantha, Steud. Haz.—Near Port Natal, W. 7. Gerrard. Shire River, Dr. Kirk. Also in North and West Africa, within the Tropics. (Herb. T. C. D.) i he o i aie Pg ie Oe at — CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 27 Derscr.—A shrub, 6 feet high, or more. Barkwhitish, tubercled. Leaves 3-4 inches long, 14-24 inches wide, gradually or suddenly acuminate, finely and bluntly toothed, acute or obtuse; im our specimens rounded at base. Spines from 4 to 1$ inches long. Flowers white, 2 inches across, resembling white roses. Anthers tipped with a fleshy point, small, many times shorter than the filament. Fyrudt one-celled, with a solid shell, pulpy inside, and many seeded. The fruit, Mr. Gerrard informs me, is well known to the Natal and Zulu Kafirs, who wear it hung round the neck, and use it fora snuft- box, calling it thunga. This shrub is widely dispersed on the African continent. I have examined specimens from various quarters, but never found so few as 5 petals: is that number erroneous ? Fig. 1, a flowering branch, 2, an opened flower-bud ; both the natural size. Fig. 3, a petal; 4, a stamen ; enlarged. 143. PETALIDIUM LINIFOLIUM, T. Anders. (Acanthacee.) P. linifolium; erectum, glabrum, ramis lignosis; foliis sessilibus linearibus acutis uninerviis glabris, pedicellis axillaribus solitariis uni- floris, bracteis 2 concavo-ovatis mucronatis infra medium connatis mem- branaceis albis nervis viridibus pulcherrime reticulatis, calycis laciniis lineari-lanceolatis ineequalibus extus glandulosis, corolla infundibuli- forme extus puberula tubo brevi limbo insequaliter 5-lobo, lobo inferiore transversim corrugato.—Z. Anders ! in Linnean Soc. Journal, vol. vii., Bot., p. 25. Haz.—Damara Land, Miss Elliott. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A rigid, slender, much branched, small shrub. Branches gla- prous, with smooth, pale bark, opposite or scattered. Leaves 1_14 inches long, about 1 line wide, tapering a little to base and apex, subacute, strongly nerved. Pedicels slender, axillary, shorter than the leaf. Flowers conspicuous. Bractee 2, enclosing the calyx, connate below, boat-shaped, acuminate, papery-membranous and netted with slender, green veins. Calyx segments unequal, subulate, glandular. Corolla with a funnel- shaped tube and unequal, 5-lobed limb; the lobes very obtuse. Sta- mens 4; anthers mucronate at base. Style unequally bifid; ovules 2 in each cell. A very handsome plant, remarkable for its netted, white bracts. The only other known species of Petalidium is a native of India, and has broad, ovate leaves. ‘ig. 1, a branch in flower ; the natural size. Fig. 2, the connate bracter ; 3, calyx 5 4, corolla laid open ; 5, a young corolla, before anthesis, to show the estivation ; 6, sta- mens; 7, ovary and style; 8, vertical section of ovary; all more or less magnified. 144. RUTTYA OVATA, Harv. (Acanthace@.) R. ovata Larv. in Hook. Lond. Journ. 1, p.27. Meisn. Gen. p. 367. Nees, in DC. Prodr. Xi., p- 309. T.-Anders, in Linn. Soc. Journ. vol, vil. Bot., p. 51. 28 CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. Hazs.—Port Natal, 7. Williamson! Drege, Gueinzius. Near Umgani River, Ger- rard and M‘Ken. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—A shrub, 8-10 feet high. Branches sparsely pilose or glabrous, bluntly 4-angled. Leaves ovate-acuminate, tapering at base into a short, winged petiole, 3-5 inches long, 1-2 inches wide, membranous, penni- nerved, glabrous or nearly so. Spikes terminal, ovate-oblong or cylin- drical, densely many-flowered, bracteate; the bracts subulate. Calyx lobes subequal, very long and slender, subulate. Corolla bright red, labiate; the upper lip erect, flat, semibifid; lower deflexed, deeply 3- parted, the lobes oblong, subacute. Stamens 2, fertile, inserted in the throat, exserted, with unilocular, oblique anthers; and 2, abortive, re- duced to short teeth. Style filiform, minutely pubescent ; stigma shortly bifid. Capsule obovate, tapering much at base ; the cells 2-sceded. A handsome shrub, well worthy of cultivation. The genus is named after Dr. Rutty, a physician of the last century, author of a natural his- tory of the county of Dublin. Fig. 1, a flowering branch; the natural size. Fig. 9, calyx; 3, corolla laid open; 4, apex of stamen ; 5, capsule, in the withered, persistent calyx; 6, one of the valves of the same; variously magnified. 145. SCLEROCHITON HARVEYANUS, Nees. (Acanthace@. ) S. Harveyanus: floribus axillaribus solitariis subsessilibus. Nees in DC. Prodr. xi. p.279. TJ. Anders. in Linn. Soc. Journ., vol. vii., Bot., p. 37. Hazs.—Caffraria, Drege! No. 4037. Orange River, Burke. British Caffraria, Mfrs. F. W. Barber, No. 40. Perie Bush, Caffr., W.S. M.D’ Urban, No. 84. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Stems shrubby, diffuse or trailing, ramulous; twigs thinly covered with close-lying, short hairs. eaves ovate or ovato-lanceolate, acute or obtuse or taper-pointed, either rounded or tapering at base, 4-14 inches long, glabrous, except on the midrib beneath. Petioles short, pubescent. Flowers solitary, axillary, subsessile, light purple or lilac colour. Calyx bracteate at base: the sepals oblong, very blunt, mucro- nulate, rigid, concave, striate, glabrous, microscopically ciliolate. Co- rolla with acurved, split, internally hairy tube, one-lipped, with 5 blunt lobes. Stamens 4, exserted, subequal; anthers one-celled muticous. Capsule ovate, stipitate ; seeds one in each cell. The genus Sclerochiton, originally founded on this species, differs from Blepharis and Acanthopsis, which are its nearest allies, in the 5- parted, remarkably stiff and rigid calyx. Dr. T. Anderson, in his re- cently published list of African Acanthacer, above quoted, has gene- rically united to our 8. African species the Isacanthus Vogelii, Nees, a shrub from Cape Palmas of nearly similar floral structure, but having spicate, not solitary, white flowers; narrow calyx-lobes, and rough- dotted leaves, 2-3 inches long. Our plant grows under trees, by hedge rows, and on the borders of woods, where its pretty, purple flowers, copiously produced, attract attention. It is, however, perhaps scarcely deserving of introduction to an English greenhouse. CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 29 Fig. 1, flowering branch ; natural size. Fig. 2, calyh, with its two enclosing bracts ; 3, a sepal; 4, corolla; 5, stamens ; 6, ovary and style; 7, ovary cut open; 8, capsule ; more or less magnified. 146. SOPUBIA CANA, Haro. (Serophularinee.) S. cana: cano-tomentosa, ramis strictis erectis, foliis anguste lineari- bus obtusis uninerviis, calycis dentibus triangularibus acutiusculis, co- rollee tubo brevissimo, limbo subrotato. Hazs.—Near Port Natal, Dr. Sutherland. Bushman’s River, Natal, Gerrard § M'Ken., No. 771. (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Every part densely clothed with short, white toment. Stems suffruticose at base, 12-18 inches high, erect, branched near the summit. Branches erect, virgate. Leaves closely set, scattered or fas- cicled, #-1 inch long, 4 line wide, exactly linear. Flowering branches converted into leafy racemes, the pedicels as long as the ieaf, or much shorter. Bracts 2 at the base of the campanulate, shortly 5-lobed calyx. Corolla membranous, delicately veined ; the tube about as long as the bluntly 5-lobed, subequal limb. This is nearly allied to S. Dregeana, but at once known by its co- pious, hoary, soft, and close indument. Fig. 1, upper portion of a stem, in flower; natural size. Fig. 2, calyx; 3, front view of corolla; 4, corolla laid open; 5, stamens ; 6, ovary and style; more or less magnified. 147. HABENARIA SAUNDERSLE, Harv. ( Orchidee.) H. (Bonatea) Saundersiz: caule folioso, foliis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis patentibus, supremis abbreviatis; racemo laxo multifloro, bracteis membranaceis patentibus ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis ovario vix brevioribus, floribus galeatis, petalis indivisis oblique cultratis por- rectis labello basi adnatis apice recurvo-acutis, labello tripartito, laci- niis lateralibus falcato-cultratis incurvis acutis intermedia lineari late- ralibus equali, rostelli processubus carnosis teretibus clavatis sepalis brevioribus, calcare filiformi pendulo oyario sublongiore. Has.—Port Natal, Mrs. Saunders. (Herb. To. DS Descr.—Stem 1-2 feet high, leafy throughout. Leaves with short, closely clasping sheaths, spreading, 3-6 inches long, 3-5 lines wide, flat, linear-acuminate, membranous, the uppermost gradually shorter. Racemes 6-10 flowered, lax. Bracts membranous, ovato-lanceolate, open and spreading. Flowers on shortish pedicels. Ovary linear-clavate. Back sepal erect, helmet-shaped, acuminate ; lateral deflexed, broadly falcato-cultrate, acute. Petals wndivided, attached at base to the label- lum, similar in shape to the lateral sepals, but narrower and more ob- lique. Labellum tripartite, the medial lobe narrow, linear-filiform ; the lateral broad, faleate, incurved. Processes linear-clavate (not well re- presented in the figure). - Of this very distinct species I have seen but a single specimen, col- lected by Mrs. Saunders, and given to the Dublin Herbarium by her 30 CONSPECTUS TABULARTM. sister, Jiss Wheelwright. It is quite unlike any 8. African species, but seems allied to H. (Bonatea) gracilis, Lindl. from Peninsular India. Fig. 1, flowering stem; the natural size. Fig. 2, one of the lateral sepals; 3, a petal ; 4, labellum with the petals in situ; 5, flower, after removing the sepals, petals, labelfum, and processes of the rostellum; more or less magnified, 148. DISPERIS PALUDOSA, Harv. ( Orchidee.) D. paludosa: caule glaberrimo, foliis lineari-lanceolatis linearibus- que acutis, floribus solitariis v. seepius 3-4 nis, sepalis omnibus acumi- natis glabris, lateralibus divaricato-patentibus cornutis, petalis falcatis intus glanduloso-punctatis, labello lineari apice glanduloso truncato sub apice appendice naviculari membranacea acuto aucto.—Lindl, in Hook. Lond, Journ. Bot. 1, p.14. Sond. in Linn., yol. xix., p. 112. Has.—In boggy or marshy places. Sides of Devil’s Mount, Ecklon, Oct., 1813. Near Camp’s Bay; also on Table Mount Summit, and at the Fransche Hoek, W. H. H. Oct., Nov., Dec., 1840. Kat River, H. Hutton, 1863. (Herb. T, C. D.) Drscr.—Tuber oblong, making runners. Stem quite glabrous, 4-15 inches high, bearing 3 or 4 leaves. Leaves sheathy at base, lanceolate or sublinear, concave, acute, erect. Flowers either solitary or 2-4 in a short, often flexuous spike, purple. Back sepal adnate to the petals, vaulted, erect, acuminate; lateral sepals spreading horizontally, much acuminate, with deflexed points, with an incurved, obtuse calcar above the base. Petals form a broad base faleato-lanceolate, with many con- vex, green glands on their inner surface. Labellum with a subulate, keeled appendage. This pretty little Orchid, first noticed in the neighbourhood of Cape- town, has recently been sent, by Mr. Hutton, from the Eastern limits of the colony, and it is fair to suppose that it may occur in many un- noticed intermediate stations. It always grows in very moist, spongy places; and like several other tuberous or fleshy-rooted Cape endogens from similar situations (including Disa grandiflora), it throws out sub- terraneous, fleshy runners that form buds at a distance from the parent tuber, thus increasing after the manner of couch grass, although not so rapidly. Though its flowers are purple, as in D. Capensis, it is less nearly allied in structure to that species than to D. secunda, from oat however, it differs in several particulars besides the colour of its ower. Fig. 1, a plant in flower; natural size. Fig. 2, back view of a lateral sepal; 3, front view of the same; 4, petal; 5, side view of labellum and anther ; 6, front view of the same; magnified, 149. ERIOSPHARA OCULUS CATI, Less. ( Composite.) BE. Oculus Cati, Less! Syn., p. 270 (not of DC. Prodr. 6. 166.) Gnaphalium Ocu'us Catt, Linn. J. Suppl. 364. Gnaphalium Oculus, Thunb. ! Cap. 657. Has.—Cape, Thunberg! (Herb. Thunb.) Desc,—Root annual, slender, simple. Stems branched from the ——_ = ee 2S = oa See oe De CONSPECTUS TABULARUM. 31. crown, the central one very short, the lateral long, simple, or trifid, each branch ending in a cluster of flower-heads. Branches filiform, cobweb- bed, becoming glabrous, laxly leafy. Leaves alternate, obovate, or spathu- late, obtuse, membranous, loosely woolly, at length sub-glabrate. Heads several massed together in terminal glomerules, enveloped in long, curled, woolly, white hairs. nv. scales subbiseriate, completely hidden in their wool. Flowers numerous, all perfect, tubular, 5-toothed. Anthers with short, bearded, or cloven tails. Pappus of a few slender bristles, quite naked for more than half their length, towards the apex bearded with ovoid, swollen, glassy cellules. Achenia obovate, minutely granulated. This curious little plant seems to have escaped the notice of all col- lectors since Thunberg’s time. The ‘“ E. Oculus Cati,” DC., found by Drege on Table Mount, proves, on examination, to be identical with Helichrysum marifolium, DC., and is very different, generically and spe- cifically, from Lessing’s plant. To Lasiopogon micropoides, DC., figured in our next plate, our plant bears externally the closest resemblance, but is of somewhat stronger growth, and differs essentially in the heads being constantly homogamous, and in the anthers, pappus, and achenium. All the other species of “ Eriosphara’”’ DC., except E. dubia (which I cannot distinguish from Leontonyax squarrosus) belong to Helichrysum. They form, with ZZ. marifolium and a few others, a group of Euhelichry- sum, distinguished by the hairy involucres; a character, however, which they have in common with H. maritimum and others of the section Lepicline. Fig. 1, a plant; the natural size. Fig. 2, flower, with pappus and nearly ripe ache- nium; 3, apex of style; 4, anther; 5, apex of a pappus-bristle ; all magnified. 150. LASIOPOGON MICROPOIDES, DC. ( Composite.) Z,. micropoides : capitulis multifloris, floribus hermaphroditis 20-25, foemineis 15-18.—DC. Prodr. 6, p. 246. Var. a; totum arachnoideo-lanatum, foliis obovatis spathulatisve.— L. mieropoides, DC. ! 1. e. Var. B; caulibus mox glabratis, foliis angustioribus sublinearibus.— L. molluginoides, DC. / 1. ¢. Has.—Little Namaqualand; a, between Silver Fontein, Kooperbergen, and Kaus, Drege! 3, near Verleptpram, on the Gariep, Drege! Modderfontein, Rev. A. White- head! (Herb. T. C. D.) Descr.—Root annual, simple, slender. Stems 1-3 inches high, branched from the base, filiform, the branches woolly or glabrate, ending in globose, woolly glomerules of 8-12 heads. Leaves 3-5 lines long, 1-2 lines wide, thinly membranous. Heads heterogamous, with about 25 perfect, campanulate, 5-toothed central flowers, and 15-18 filiform, mar- ginal female flowers. Pappus of many, copiously plumose bristles, the plumes very long.