W\S SH 97 irae ILLUSTRATIONS SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. BY JOHN MIERS, F.RS., F.LS., ACADO cx %. NAT. CUR. soc. &c. VOL. Il. LONDON : H. BAILLIERE, PUBLISHER, NEW yoRK: 290 BROADWAY. LIBRAIRE DE L’ACADEMIE ROYALE DE 919 REGENT STREET. FARIS: J. B. BAILLIERE, MEDECINE, RUE DE L’ECOLE DE MEDECINE. MADRID: C. BAILLY’ BALLIERE. 1849 -ro 1857. ’ PREFACE, Tae reprint given in this Second Volume of the text originally published in the ‘Annals of Natural History,’ at different intervals between Feb. 1849 and March 1855, ought to have appeared long ago. Some apology “is therefore due for this great delay, which has been owing entirely to the difficulty of preparing the plates. In nearly every instance, failure has - resulted where artists have been employed to copy my drawings, and at length I have been compelled to execute these a second time upon stone, and also to complete the remainder, which has occupied much of my time: the only successful aid has been from Miss. ‘Wing, who has copied some of my drawings with sufficient accuracy; these are confined to the explana- tions of the genus Zycium, and a few others in outline. Most of the illustrations are lithographed by me on stone ; others I have made on paper, which have been copied, as fac-similes, by the ‘Anastatic process. : : L claim therefore some ‘indulgence, both for the delay, and i the many cs imperfections i in the execution of the plates. | y all a ~ the genera of the Atropacea have thus been investigated, and ne oo two eek famitog. I have eauio. as some os my views of el . ee The generic characters, in every case, have been secu ed oak ess ree 2 ao own observations, without reference to those of former authors; most of — ah those of the ‘Solanaceae, except, the larger groups of Solanum, Capsi cum, ne Lithopersicum, and a few other well-known genera. This: has required aoe = -Tauch patient examination, bat the quantity of novel matter hence result-— 2 : ing, relative to the history of these Orders, is considerable, and must be a5 received asa contribution towards fature and more complete monographs - iv sees PREFACE. close relationship existing between the Scrophulariacee, Atropacee and Solanacee, and the lines of demarcation subsisting between them; I have "also endeavoured to trace the limits of the several genera in the two last- mentioned families, and to show, at the same time, their differential characters, adding my own opinions concerning their proper systematic distribution. These arrangements are given in the Appendix to the First Volume, together with the considerations upon which the several divisions are founded, and the general Index has, in some measure, been made to serve as a ready key to those references. The reasons that induced me to present . the examinations of the several genera in the unmethodical disposition in which they appear in the body of the work, are also explained. In order to elucidate and support my conclusions, I have given floral analyses in all cases where I could obtain them, and plates are sometimes given of well-known genera, to show the data upon which I hold to be distinct, many . groups that appear to me to have been associated together upon insufficient grounds, in the elaborate Monograph of the Solanacee in DeCandolle’s admirable ‘ Prodromus’ : it will be seen in this last-mentioned work that in many cases my views have been followed, while in others they have" been quite unnoticed or not adopted: in the end of the Appendix to this Second Volume, I havé discussed the grounds of these differences, and have adduced fresh reasons for the support of my conclusions. oe It was my intention, in the first instance, to have confined myself oe _ wholly to the consideration of South American plants, but in order to ex- plain the affinities and differential characters of many of these genera, I _. found it indispensable to institute a comparison between them, and others — of the Old World ; with a view, therefore, to preserve some degree of . consistency, the examination of the latter genera has been placed in the Appendix to the Second Volume. , | Hammersmith F Nov, 1857, ILLUSTRATIONS OF SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. - WITHERINGIA. Tux following observations will I hope serve to throw some light upon this hitherto obscure genus. It always appeared to me that the Witheringia picta, as figured by Martius (Noy. Gen. tab. 227), must either form the type of a very distinct group, or be considered as a very good illustration of that genus, for which reason I refrained from publishing what I had long ago observed on the subject, until I could satisfy myself of the absolute cha- racter obscurely indicated by I/Heritier, in regard to his typical species W. solanacea (Sert. Angl. 33. tab. 1). Under this un- certainty (in a note, huj. op. vol. i. p. 33) I alluded to the unsuccessful search I had everywhere made for some specimen, or better details, of the plant in question, so as to be able to com- prehend the limits and features of the generic character of Witheringia, and I expressed my regret that the original type no longer existed in L/Heritier’s herbarium in the British Museum, as that would at once have cleared up this ambiguity. Dr. Sendtner has since come to a more decided conclusion, by pro- posing Martius’s plant before alluded to as the type of a new genus, which he calls Athenea ; but I am not aware upon what grounds he holds it distinct from Witheringia, nor can I learn that he has given any determined limits of this latter genus. From observations lately made, it appears to me that farther VOL, Il. B 2 ILLUSTRATIONS OF uncertainty on this point need not be entertained, and I propose therefore, to offer my reasons, founded on the facts now demon- strated, for justifying the conclusions thus formed. In Sir Wm. Hooker’s most valuable herbarium there exists among Goudot’s collection from Columbia, a plant which appeared to me to be a Saracha, except that its habit is rather more suffruticose and erect than most species of that genus, and its flowers smaller and fewer than usual: on examining this more attentively and com- paring it carefully with the figure and description of L’Heritier’s plant, I could not do otherwise than conclude that it was very closely related to his Witheringia solanacea, and as such may well serve, in the absence of the original, as a substitute for the type of what he intended as that genus. I have also compared this Columbian plant with the descriptions given by Prof. Kunth of several fruticose species, which he arranged in the same genus, and at the same time have examined several analogous plants from intertropical America, either closely allied or nearly iden- tical with these last-mentioned species ; and finally, I have com- pared these with the Witheringia hirsuta, Gardn +» Species that does not seem to differ from the W. picta, Mart., collating this at the same time with Von Martius’s excellent description and figure of this latter species before quoted: all these forms ex- hibit a gradation from Saracha on the one hand to Acnistus on the other. But Witheringia, according to modern authors, is made to embrace a number of heterogeneous species, and it is obvious that, without taking into account L’Heritier’s plant, all the remaining species in the herbaceous section enumerated by Dr. Walpers (Repert. iv. 29) do not belong to that genus, being mostly referable to a very distinct section of Solanum, probably a good subgenus. Throughout the vegetable kingdom we find individuals pos- sessing aberrant characters, and exhibiting an intermediate state between the artificial limits of our botanical distributions, or par- emes, and this is as fully apparent in the Solanacee as in any other family. Thus, many experienced botanists have found it difficult to determine whether certain in- dividuals should be referred to Petunia or Salpiglossis, plants not only belonging to separate genera, but hitherto placed in distinct natural orders. In like manner it may be doubted whether cer- tain plants should be referred to Physalis, when they are seen to be scauty of the very remarkable character that distinguishes most of its species, viz. the remarkable growth and extreme in- flation of the calyx in fruit ; and so also in the a alyx i pproximate ge- nus Saracha, individuals are sometimes observed, where, com- bined with a calyx not sensibly increasing in size, they present a corolla deeply campanulate, marked with large coloured spots, SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 3 and a pentangular border so characteristic of Physalis: in these equivocal points of structure, it appears to me we may call in the aid of their general habit in order to determine the genus to which they should be referred, for in Physalis the inflorescence will be found to be universally 1-flowered in each axil, while in Saracha it is as uniformly more or less distinctly umbellate. Thus likewise in Aenistus, a genus with Cestrum-like flowers, we have a very variable length of the tube of the corolla, which in A, umbellatus is hardly distinguishable from the section Che- nesthes of Iochroma ; while in A. arborescens (the original Cestrum cauliflorum of Jacquin, Hort. Schoenb. tab. 325) the tube is so short as to leave no possible distinction between this genus and that called Witheringia by Kunth, as will be hereafter demon- strated. Now, as will be hereafter shown, neither Witheringia so- lanacea, nor the Columbian plant here alluded to as being so closely allied to it, can be distinguished from Saracha ; they have both a 5-partite calyx, a rotate corolla deeply cleft, stamens ari- sing from triangular expansions originating at the base of its short tube, and the fruit is a pisiform berry supported on a calyx that does not materially increase in size ; the peduncle is bifur- cate, and forms a 2-flowered umbel as in many species of Sara- cha ; and to make this analogy still more complete, although the stem is somewhat lignescent and perennial at base as in some species of this last-mentioned genus, their branches are in like manner herbaceous, and L’Heritier describes Witheringia sola- nacea as possessing the same kind of large tuberose root as in the Saracha jaltomata, Schlect.: for all which reasons I have no hesitation in referring all these plants to one genus. Of the fruticose species hitherto included in Witheringia, there are evidently two distinct groups, the several Columbian species enumerated by Kunth, and the Brazilian species of Martius: the former are distinguished by having extra-axillary fascicles, gene- rally of numerous, sometimes of very few fidwers, always upon simple peduncles, and not umbellate as in Hebecladus ; the calyx is always distinctly tubular, with an almost entire margin, and five very minute distant teeth, not 5-partite as observed in Hebe- cladus, Saracha, and Witheringia picta; the corolla is tubular, with a 5-partite border, not so decidedly long and infundibuli- form as in Hebecladus and Acnistus; the berry is small, seldom exceeding the’ size of a peppercorn, and is supported on a small persistent and nonaugescent calyx; it is not one-tenth the size of the large oval berry inclosed within its increasing calyx, which is seen in Witheringia picta; the positive characters here alluded to will be found to approach very closely to Aenistus, and to be quite incompatible with the plants of the other group pss to. : B 4 ILLUSTRATIONS OF From these several facts the inference is irresistible, that Witheringia solanacea should at once be referred to Saracha, and that Witheringia macrophylla, W. ciliata, W. mollis, W. rhom- boidea, W. dumetorum and W. riparia of Prof. Kunth, together with some others, form a distinct group, which Ipropose to call Brachistus, and that the genus Witheringia as defined by L’ He- ritier must fall upon that group of plants, of which the Withe- — ringia picta, Mart., may be considered the type. These are di- stinguished by an inflorescence either solitary or fasciculate in each axil or dichotomy of the branches, in which latter cases they arise successively at different periods, so that we see in each fas- cicle, every gradation of development from the nascent bud to the ripened fruit : the peduncle is always 1-flowered, slender and drooping in the young flower, but it grows much longer, becomes rigidly erect, and is considerably thickened towards the apex, in fruit: the calyx is 5-partite, the corolla has a very short tube, and a deeply 5-cleft rotate border, with the stamens arising from triangular extensions a little above the base of the tube, as in Hebecladus and Saracha : the berry is large, oval, and wholly in- cluded within the enlarged calyx, and the form of the embryo of its seed is spiral. It may be urged that the name of Saracit» should give place to that of Witheringia, but such a change would answer no good purpose, and could not be effected without great confusion, a very unnecessary creation of synonyms, and the annihilation of a genus long recognized. The recommendation above suggested appears to me the only proper course to pursue, and in adopting it, we do not violate the rule of priority, as L’ Heritier’s plant was only a cultivated specimen, the place of whose origin is still quite unknown ; and as no specimen of it appears to be in existence, it is clear that as a species, and especially as the type of a genus, it must ever remain problematical : and finally, that as L’Heri- tier’s generic character remains in full force, as applied to another distinct group, the’ tribute intended by him to honour the me- mory of Withermg is thus inviolably preserved. The genus Witheringia being thus established, it follows as a necessary con- sequence, that the Athenea of Dr. Sendtner must give place to it. The following generic character drawn up from my own observa- tions will not be found to differ materially from that of the au- thor last mentioned. Wirnerineta, L’Her., Mart. Athenaa, Sendt.—Calyx sub- campanulatus, profunde 5-partitus, persistens. Corolla rotata. tubo brevi, limbo 5-partito, laciniis oblongis, acuminatis, eesti- vatione valvata. Stamina 5, erecta ; filamenta filiformia, brevia, paulo supra basin corolle inserta, imo repente triangulariter SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 5 - dilatata, et hinc in annulum fere coalita; anthere oblong, 2-loculares, basi emarginato-cordatz, loculis connectivo an- gusto dorsali parallele connatis, longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium ovatum, 2-loculare, ovulis plurimis, utrinque disse- pimento adnatis. S¢ylus simplex, longitudine stamimum, apice incrassatus, fistulosus. Stigma subintegrum, glandula gluti- nosa 2-loba semi-immersa. Bacca ovata, calyce aucto tecta. Semina compressa, rhomboideo-reniformia, in pulpam tenuem nidulantia, festa scrobiculata, subscabra, hilo perforato in sinu marginali. Embryo in albumen carnosum, subspiralis : coty- ledonibus semiteretibus, radicula 3-4-plo brevioribus.—Fru- tices Brasilienses, dichotome ramose ; folia alterna, vel gemina altero minori (in turionibus subfasciculata), integra; flores pe- dunculati, axillares, vel in dichotomiis solitarti, bint, vel plures fasciculati, et tune alterna vice singulatim tardius enati, pedun- culo fructifero demum erecto, elongato et tncrassato. 1. Witheringia picta, Mart., Nov. Gen. et Spec. i. 74. tab. 227. Witheringia hirsuta, Gardn. Lond. Journ. Bot. i. 541. Athenzea picta, Sendtn. Flor. Bras. fase. vi. p. 134 ; Walp. Repert. vi. 580. —Brasilia, Prov. Rio de Janeiro et Minas Geraés. To the long and excellent description of Von Martius above referred to, it is quite unnecessary to offer the smallest additional remark, except that Gardner’s plant which I collected at the same time does not appear to me to offer any difference from that figured by Martius, and that it is a little more hairy*: if therefore it does not belong to this species, it most probably is referable to W. pogogena. Of the following seven species I have no knowledge whatever, beyond the short notice extracted by Dr. Walpers from Dr. Sendtner’s description, to which I refer the reader. 2. Witheringia pogogena. Athenwa pogogena, Sendin. loc. cit. p. 135; Walp. Repert. vi. 580. Solanum pogogenum, Moricand, Pl. Nouv. & Amer. iii. 24. tab. 17.—Brasilia, Prov. Bahia. 3. Witherinyia micrantha. Athenza micrantha, Sendtn. loc. cit. ; Walp. Rep. vi. 580.—Brasilia, Villa Vicosa. 4. Witheringia Schottiana. Athena Schottiana, Sendin. loc. cit.; Walp. Rep. vi. 581.—Brasilia, Prov. Rio de Janeiro. _ 5. Witheringia Pohliana. Athenzea Pohliana, Sendén. loc. cit. ; Walp. Rep. vi. 581.—Brasilia, Prov. Minas Geraés. * As Dr. von Martius’s admirable work is within the reach of few per- sons, and as it may be desirable to compare the above with its analogous genera, I have given a figure with fall details of the structure of this species, which I first collected at Tejuca in 1833, and afterwards with Mr. Gardner in 1837 (Gardn. no, 237) ; itis shown in Plate 35 of this work. 6 ILLUSTRATIONS OF 6. Witheringia Martiana. Athenza Martiana, Sendtn. loc. cit.; Walp. Rep. vi. 581. Solanum paradoxum, Schott MSS.— Brasilia, Prov. Rio de Janeiro et Minas Geraés. 7. Witheringia hirsuta (non Gardn.). Athenza hirsuta, Sendtn. loc. cit.; Walp. loc. cit.—Brasilia, Prov. Minas Geraés. 8. Witheringia anonacea. Athena anonacea, Senden. loc. cit. tab. 18; Walp. loc. cit.—Brasilia australis. BRACHISTUS. A particular group of plants has been before alluded to under this name (ante, p. 4), most of which have been referred to Witheringia by Prof. Kunth, and from which genus I have shown that they differ by having a campanular calyx generally with an almost entire margin, which does not enlarge with the fruit, by a much smaller berry and other characters. They are also di- stinct from Aenistus by the calyx being generally entire on the margin, rarely 5-toothed, and not having the five strong prominent nervures which give to the calyx of the latter genus the appear- ance of an almost pentangular tube : they differ also in the much shorter tube of the corolla, a more rotate border, more dilated stamens arising from a triangular expansion at the base, as in Hebecladus and Saracha ; their flowers are considerably less in size, and they have smaller berries, which exhibit a very thin membranaceous dissepiment, not thickened in the middle by the confluence of the placentze, as in Witheringia, Acnistus, Iochroma, Saracha, &c. ; the placente on the contrary, originating from a central line in the middle of the dissepiment, are thin and slender, projecting for a short distance at right angles into the cavity of the cell, and then become furcated, continuing mem- branaceous, with numerous seeds attached on each side. The ovarium is also surrounded at its base by a distinct annular disc, and is not seated simply upon a fleshy torus as in Acnistus. These plants appear to me closely allied to the Physalis arbo- rescens, Willd., which, on account of its arborescent habit and its different form of flower, I propose to separate from that genus and attach to this group. They may thus be made to constitute a distinct genus under the name of Brachistus, from Bpax.cros, brevissimus, on account of the shortness of the tube of their corolla. As Jochroma (which I have made to include Chenesthes) differs from Acnistus principally in the length of the tube of its corolla, so Brachistus on the other hand is not less distinct from that genus on account of the extreme shortness of the tube of the corolla, and its deeply cleft rotate border. This genus will first include all the species of Witheringia of Prof. Kunth (of which I will give below amended characters) with the exception SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 7 of W. riparia, which from its infundibuliform corolla is evidently an Acnistus, and W. angustifolia, which from its racemose blue flowers and other characters evidently does not belong to this genus, appertaining more probably to the same group as Solanum montanum. For the same reason are excluded the W. crassifolia, Dun., and W. pendula, R. and Sch. The W. salicifolia, Hook., is a Capraria according to Mr. Bentham, although it offers re- gular pentandrous flowers: it evidently belongs to the genus Xuaresia of R. and P.: the six herbaceous species of Witheringia of Dunal and Sprengel enumerated by Dr. Walpers (Repert. iii. pp. 31, 32), as I have before remarked, appear to me to belong to Solanum. The following I consider to be its generic characters : Bracuistus (gen. nov.).—Calyx parvus, urceolatus, margine integro, vel rarius 4-5-dentato, persistens et non augescens. — Corolla subrotata, tubo brevi, limbo 4—5-partito, lobis oblongis acutis, «stivatione valvata. Stamina 4—5, erecta; filamenta imo subdilatata, paulo supra basin corolla adnata ; anthere oblonge, submucronulate, 2-lobz, lobis arcte aduatis margine exteriore dehiscentibus. Ovarium ovatum, disco annulari imo cinctum, 2-loculare, dissepimento tenui utrinque in placentam membranaceam bifidam ovuligeram producto, ovulis plurimis. Stylus simplex, longitudine staminum. Stigma clavatum, sub- 2-lobum. Bacca parva, globosa, calyce parvulo suffulta, 2- locularis.: Semina compressa, in pulpo aquoso nidulantia, sublenticularia, testa aspero-scrobiculata ; cztera ignota.—Ar- bores vel frutices Americe Afquinoctialis: folia alterna vel sepius gemina, altero multo minori et heteromorpho, subintegra vel an- gulato-dentata ; flores azillares, fasciculato-congesti, perpauci, vel rarius solitarii, pedicellis 1-floris, gracilibus, erectis, demum _cernuts. 1. Brachistus stramonifolius. Witheringia stramonifolia, H.B.K. Nov. Gen. iii. 13;—arboreus, ramulis angulatis, pubescentibus ; foliis ovatis, acuminatis, ineequaliter cordatis et dentato-angu- latis, hirtellis, geminis, altero dimidio breviore ; floribus fasci- culato-congestis, hirtellis, pedunculis nutantibus, 5-meris, sta- minibus margine pilosis, inclusis ; bacca pisiformi, calyeis per- sistentis duplo diametro—— Mexico. : The leaves are said to be 4-5 inches long, 2-3 inches broad, on a petiole 1-1} inch: the flowers (fifteen to twenty) are aggregated in each extra-axillary fascicle, the peduncles varying from 6 to 20 lines in length; the corolla, the size of that of Capsicum fru- tescens, has an expanded 5-partite border, the mouth of the short tube being pilose, the filaments are hairy on the margins. The berries are red, globular, 3 lines in diameter, and are supported by their small persistent calyx on slender deflexed peduncles. 8 ILLUSTRATIONS OF 2. Brachistus macrophyllus. Witheringia macrophylla, H. B. K. loc. cit. 14;—fruticosus, ramulis subangulatis, tenuissime pube- rulis ; foliis ovato-ellipticis, subacuminatis, subrepandis, glabri- usculis, superioribus geminis, altero minore ; floribus plurimis, fasciculato-congestis, petiolo dimidio brevioribus, 4-meris, gla- bris, pedunculis filiformibus cernuis ; corollz tubo brevi, limbo 4-partito, patente, filamentis margine villosis ; bacca minima, calyce parvulo suffulta—Nova Granada. The leaves are stated to be 8 inches long and about 4 inches broad, somewhat smooth, but slightly woolly on the primary nervures, and supported on a petiole 14-15 lines long, which is slender, caniculate and pubescent. The flowers are numerous in each fascicle upon slender, smooth peduncles 4-5 lines long. The calyx is small, almost entire or obsoletely 4-toothed, and quite ° smooth. The corolla, not larger. than that of Solanum nigrum, is of a greenish hue, with a very short tube, a rotate border with four pointed lobes, the included filaments being very short, flat- tened and ciliate on the margins ; the anther lobes are adnate, lanceolate, pointed, erect, and bursting on the margins. The ovarium is small, rounded, smooth, and seated on a glandular disc. The berry is red, not larger than a peppercorn, and sup- ported upon its small calyx. 3. Brachistus ciliatus. Witheringia ciliata, H. B. K. loc. cit. 15. —fruticosus, ramis teretibus, glabris; foliis oblongis, acutis, basi angustatis, integerrimis, ciliatis, geminis, altero duplo mi- nore ; floribus 5-meris, parvis, paucis (1-2), extra-axillaribus, pedunculis capillaceis pubescentibus ; calyce i ccolato obsolete dentato, dentibus linearibus pubescente ; corolla glabra, tubo brevi, limbo angulato sub-5-lobo patente, lobis acutis; bacca “_— ealyce parvulo suffulta—Nova Granada, in Andibus excelsis. This plant bears very much the appearance of Solanum philly- reotdes, Dun. The leaves are smooth, thin and membranaceous, ciliate on the margins, 14 inch or more in length, 7 lines broad, on a pubescent petiole 4-5 lines long. The flowers, solitary or binate, are about the size of those of the last species, the very slender peduncles measuring 8-9 lines: the pubescent calyx is almost entire on the margin, with five nearly obsolete erect teeth, the filaments are short, quite smooth and dilated below, the an- thers oblong, obtuse, erect, bursting on the margins. 4, Brachistus mollis. Witheringia mollis, H. B. K. loc. cit. 15. —fruticosus, ramulis teretibus, cano-tomentosis ; foliis ovatis utrinque acuminatis, integerrimis, supra pubescentibus, subtus molliter cano-tomentosis, geminis, altero multo minore et dif- SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 9 formi ; floribus 5-meris, extra-axillaribus (2-3-4), pedunculis filiformibus, elongatis, cernuis; corolle tubo brevi, limbo an- gulato sub-5-lobo, laciniis acutis, staminibus glabris inclusis ; bacca minima, calyce parvulo suffulta—Caxamarca, Peruvie. The leaves of this species are from 1} to 2 inches long, and 9 to 12 lines broad, on a tomentose petiole 3 lines long. The pe- duncles, from 9 to 11 lines in length, are slender, hairy, depen- dent, but erect in fruit ; the flowers are the size of those of the two former species; the calyx is urceolate, incano-tomentose, with five short linear teeth ; the corolla is hairy outside, has a plicate and a somewhat pentangular limb with acute angles ; the stamens, five or six, are short, smooth and erect ; «the berry, not larger than a peppercorn, is supported on its very small persist- ent calyx. 5. Brachistus rhomboideus. Witheringia rhomboidea, H. B. K. loc. cit. 15.—fruticosus, ramis teretibus, tomentosis ; foliis ovatis, acutiusculis, basi rotundatis et inequalibus, integer- rimis, supra molliter pubescentibus, subtus cano-tomentosis, geminis, altero minore ; floribus paucis (4-6), extra-axillaribus, fasciculatis, pedunculis filiformibus petiolo longioribus ; corolla rotata, limbo 5-fido, laciniis acutis, apice hirtellis.—Nova Gra- nada (Quindiu). The branches of this species are said to be somewhat*scandent ; the leaves are scarcely 1 inch long, $ inch broad, upon cano- tomentose petioles 2 to 5 lines in length: the peduncles are 4 or 5 lines long, cernuous in flower, erect and 7 to 8 lines long in fruit. The flowers are the size of those of the three foregoing species; the calyx, cano-tomentose, is urceolate, with a nearly entire margin, and five short linear distant teeth: the corolla is glabrous, with a rotate 5-fid border, the segments being oblong, acute and hairy at the apex; the filaments are subulate, short and smooth. 6. Brachistus dumetorum. Witheringia dumetorum, H. B. K. loc. cit. 16.—fruticosus, ramulis subangulatis, junioribus tomen- tosis; foliis ovatis, subacuminatis, basi cuneatis, supra hirto- pilosis, subtus hirto-tomentosis et canescentibus, superioribus geminis, altero minore; floribus geminis aut ternis, extra- — axillaribus, pedunculis filiformibus, tomentosis, petiolo multo longioribus ; corolla rotata, limbo 5-fido, lacinus brevibus, acutis, apice hirtis ; staminibus inclusis, giabris.—Nova Gra- nada. The leaves have a somewhat obtusely pointed acuminated apex, - and are gradually contracted at base upon a short and caniculate tomentose petiole of 2 lines in length ; they are from 12 to 16 VOL. II. c 10 ILLUSTRATIONS OF lines long and 6 to 8 lines broad, somewhat coriaceous, with parallel nervures, which with the midrib are prominent beneath. The peduncles are 3 to 5 lines long, filiform and tomentose ; the flowers are the size of those of the preceding species, the calyx of which it also resembles in form ; the corolla is rotate, smooth and plicated ; the filaments are very short, subulate and smooth. 7. Brachistus riparius. Witheringia riparia, H. B. K. loc. cit. 16.—fruticosus, ramulis angulatis, hispido-pilosis ; foliis sub- oblique obovato-oblongis, acuminatis, basi acutis, supra glabris et lete viridibus, subtus in rachin pilosis, geminis, altero multo — minore ; floribus plurimis, fasciculatis, congestis, extra-axilla- ribus, petiolum subeequantibus ; corollz tubo calyce duplo lon- giore, infundibuliformi, limbo 5-partito; bacca spherica.— Nova Granada (Andibus Quindiuensibus, alt. 6300 ped.). This species, from the greater length of its corolla, might be referred to Acnistus, did not the habit of the plant show it to be congeneric with the above-mentioned species described by Prof. Kunth. The larger of the geminate leaves are from 8 to 10 inches long, 2} to 33 inches broad, upon petioles 5 to 8 lines long, caniculate and hispid ; the smaller leaves in each pair are only 1} to 8 inches long, upon a much shorter petiole, and they are elliptic or ovate-elliptic, and acute at both ends. The flowers are fasciculated upon distinct peduncles, and are about the size of those of Lycium barbarum. The calyx is urceolate, obsoletely 5-toothed, thin and smooth; the corolla is of a greenish white colour, smooth, the border divided into five equal divisions; the filaments are pilose at base, the anthers oblong, bursting longi- tudinally ; the style is smooth and longer than the stamens. 8. Brachistus hebephyllus (n. sp.) ;—fruticosus, ramulis teretibus, elliptico-lanceolatis, attenuato-acuminatis, basi subcuneatis, integris, utrinque molliter incano-pubescentibus ; floribus plu- rimis, parvulis, 4-meris, axillaribus, fasciculatis, pedunculis fili- . formibus, petiolo subequalibus, pilosis; calyce piloso, urceolato, margine integro, ciliato ; corolla rotata, laciniis 4, oblongis, acutis, margine ciliatis, tubo brevi, intus pilosulo, staminibus brevibus, erectis: ovario ovato, disco annulari insito: stylo staminibus superante, subincurvo; stigmate clavato; bacca parva, calyce minimo suffulta.—Nova Granada, v. s. in herb. Hook. (Los Tapios, Quindiu, Goudot, sub nomine “ Witheringia mollis, H. B. K.”’) . This species, although approaching the Witheringia mollis, H. B. K., is certainly distinct from it in the form and size of its leaves, and its much smaller flowers, which are 4-merous: it has also an entire calyx. The leaves are 3 to 33 inches long, and SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. ll - about 1 or 14 inch broad, upon a petiole from 5 to 9 lines in length ; the flowers, from 6 to 10 or more, are crowded in each axil, the pedicels being 5 lines in flower and 7 lines in fruit, they * are pubescent and erect ; the corolla has a short tube with a 4-fid expanded border ; the filaments are gradually dilated to the base, smooth and somewhat pilose at the point of their insertion in the middle of the short tube, which is there pubescent ; the anthers are ovate, cordate, acute, adnate, and terminated by a sharp point ; the style is long, slender and exserted, somewhat incurved, with a small clavate stigma; the ovarium is ovate, and surrounded at the base by an annular fleshy ring; the berry is about the size of a peppercorn, supported on its smaller persistent withered calyx ; the dissepiment and bifurcate placente are membranaceous : the seeds were too immature to determine the form of the embryo*. 9. Brachistus oblongifolius (n. sp.) ;—fruticosus, ramulis teneris, teretibus, glabris ; foliis oblongis, utrinque acuminatis, omnino glabris, breviter petiolatis, inferioribus subcoriaceis, rugoso- venosis, superioribus planiusculis, submembranaceis, geminis, altero tertio vel quarto minore, rhomboideo-ovato, breviter pe- tiolatis; floribus pentameris paucis, fasciculatis (2-4), pedun- culis subcernuis, petiolo zquilongis ; calyce urceolato, brevis- sime 5-dentato, glabro ; corolla tubulosa, breviter infundibu- liformi, limbo 5-lobo expanso, laciniis acutis, stamimibus vix inclusis, filamentis filiformibus, medio tubi insertis, tubo hine pubescente, aliter intus glabro.—Nova Granada, v. s. in herb. _ Hook. (Pantano del Moral, Ibague, Goudot.) The larger leaves are 5 inches long and 2 inches broad, on a’ petiole of 4 lines ; the smaller leaves measure 2} inches long and 11 inch broad, on a petiole of 3 lines; the peduncles are from 4 to 6 lines long; the calyx urceolate, 1 line long; the tube of the corolla 3 lines, its segments 2 lines long f. 10. Brachistus dimorphus (n. sp.) ;—fruticosus, ramulis teretibus, glaberrimis ; foliis elongato-lanceolatis, apice acuminatissimis, basi oblique in petiolum attenuatis, adultis utrinque glabris, supra ad rachin scabrido-pilosis, margine subciliatis, junioribus sparse pilosis, geminis, difformibus, altero multo minori, ro- tundato-ovato, sessili, basi inequali, supra glabro, subtus pal- lide fulvescente ; floribus pentameris binis, extra-axillaribus, cernuis, petiolo brevioribus ; calyce urceolato, fere integro, pubescente ; corollz tubo brevissimo, limbo 5-partito, expanso, lobis acutis ; filamentis subulatis, compressis, glabris ; antheris ‘ A figure of this species with generic details is given in Plate 36 of this volume. : + This species is represented in Plate 37 A. 9 c 12 ILLUSTRATIONS OF oblongis; stylo exserto, subincurvo ; stigmate clavato, sub-2- lobo.—Nova Granada, v. s. in herb. Hook. (Los Tapios, Quin- diu, Goudot.) This species is very distinct, its larger leaves being so extremely different in form from the others ; they are 31-33 inches long, } inch wide, on a petiole barely 4 inch in length, the smaller geminate leaf being 10 lines long and 7 lines broad ; the peduncle is scarcely 2 lines, and the corolla 2 lines in length; the calyx is 1 line long and in diameter, submembranaceous, without ner- vures, and with five obsolete teeth on its almost entire margin*. 11. Brachistus? lanceefolius (n. sp.) ;—ramis ferrugineo-tomen- tosis, dichotomis, ramulis angulatis, divaricatim flexuosis, vix ligneis ; foliis alternis, lanceolatis, utrinque acuminatis, inte- gris, supra parce, subtus densius fulvo-puberulis, petiolo sub- brevi ; floribus e dichotomiis solitariis, vel e turionibus fasci- culatis ; pedunculis 1-4, unifloris, pilosis, apice incrassato- ineurvis ; calyce piloso brevi, urceolato, angulato, margine fere integro, dentibus 5 minimis instructo; corolla rotata, sub- glabra, limbo 5-lobo, lobis acutis, triangularibus, reflexis, mar- gine floccosis ; staminibus inclusis, erectis, glabris ; stylo apice incrassato, stigmate capitato-bilobo.—America equinoctialis, v. s.in herb. Hook. (Loxa, regno Quitensi, Seemann, p. 879.)— (Vita, Peruvie, McLean.) This is a plant very distinct from the others, with very dicho- tomously spreading branches, which have a more medullary and less ligneous substance : there is no indication of fruit in the spe- cimens referred to, but the structure of the flower corresponds with that of all the plants above described. The leaves are 25- 32 inches long, 1-1} inch broad, upon a petiole 4-6 lines in length ; the peduncle measures 3 inch, the calyx 3 lines in dia- meter ; the corolla, including the acuminated segments, is 3 inch diameter. 12. Brachistus Hookerianus (n.sp.);—fruticulosus, ramulis striatis, molliter pilosis, demum glabris ; foliis ovatis, utrinque abrupte acuminatis, imo in petiolum longe decurrentibus, utrinque sparse molliter hirsutis, demum subglabris, margine ciliatis, rachi incrassato venisque pinnatis glabris, geminis, altero multc minore ; floribus pentameris, parvulis, axillaribus, fasciculato- congestis ; calyce minimo, pubescente, margine integro, den- tibus 5, setaceis ; corolla lutea, glabra, tubo brevi, subeampa- nulato, limbo rotato, 5-angulato, angulis acutis, pilosulis ; staminibus brevibus, glabris.—Ecuador, v. s. in herb. Hook. * A drawing of this species is shown in Plate 37 B. of this work. SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 13 (Cerro de Lantana, Guayaquil, Jameson, et. in horto Kewensi cultus.) ° This pretty species is remarkable for the abundance and bril- hancy of its small yellow flowers. Its leaves are 23 inches long, 13 inch broad, with a somewhat winged petiole 3 inch long; the peduncle measures 7 lines, the calyx 1 line, with remote setaceous teeth } a line in length ; the corolla is 5 lines in diameter. 13. Brachistus diversifolius. Witheringia diversifolia, Klotsch MSS.; Walp. Rep. ii. 29 ;—suffruticosus, ramis teretibus, sub- glabris, ramulis pubescentibus; foliis ovatis, acutis, basi abrupte attenuatis, utrinque sparsim pubescentibus, plerumque gemi- nis, altero obtusissimo duplo minori; pedunculis axillaribus, solitariis, calyce 5-dentato, corolla lutea, 5-fida.—Mexico. This plant was cultivated in the Botanic Garden of Berlin, from whence the particulars of the above description are proba- bly derived. 14. Brachistus Neesianus. Physalis arborescens, Linn. Sp. Pl. 261 ; Nees ab Esenb. Linn. vi. p. 456 ;—suffruticosus, ramulis angulatis, tomentosis ; foliis alternis, superioribus geminis, ovato-oblongis, acumine obtusiusculo, attenuatis, inzequaliter repando-dentatis, crassiusculis, supra subtiliter, subtus densius tomentosis, pilis canis, stellatis ; floribus paucis (2-3), extra- axillaribus, pendulis ; calyce urceolato, pubescente, 5-fido, den- tibus ovatis, obtusiusculis, canescentibus ; corolla rotata, ultra medium 5-fida, laciniis lanceolatis, extus tomentellis ; fructu ignoto.—Mexico (Yucatan). ee This plant has always been referred to Physalis, but doubtfully by Nees, who hardly considered it to belong to that genus, on account of its manifestly fruticose habit, and the different struc- ture of its flowers: with Brachistus it appears to correspond suf- ficiently, although nothing is yet known of its fruit. Willdenow considers this plant the same as that figured in Miller’s Dict. tab. 206. Tab. 20*, but Nees holds a contrary opinion (Linn. Joc. cit. p. 441), principally on account of its leaves being opposite ; it is however most likely that its geminate leaves may have been mistaken by Miller as opposite. _ The leaves are said to be 2 inches long, 1 inch broad, on a petiole 1—3 inch in length; the peduncles are 2-2} lines long, the calyx scarcely 2} lines ; the corolla, including the lobes, is 3% lines in length. 15. Brachistus ?Linneanus. Physalis arborescens, Linn. Sp. P/. * « Physalis foliis ovato-lanceolatis, integerrimis, oppositis, caule fruti- coso. 14 ILLUSTRATIONS OF 161; Spr. Syst. Veg. i. 696 ;—caule arborescente ; foliis ova- tis, subangulatis, subtus lanatis ; floribus solitariis.—Mexico. . This species is excluded by Nees (Linn. vi. 483) from Physalis, and considered by him as altogether distinct from the foregoing. | From the above short character it is impossible to come to any decided opinion on the subject. SARACHA, To this genus of the ‘ Flora Peruviana’ I have to contribute several new species. In the Prodromus of that work, p. 31, tab. 34, in order to illustrate the character of Saracha, its distin- guished authors selected the plant which on a former occasion (huj. op. vol. i. p. 152) I proposed to detach from that ge- nus, because, as it differed essentially in structure and in habit from all the other species enumerated by them, it could not be regarded as its type. I preferred therefore to exclude that plant and retain the genus for the other several well-recognized and long-established species, as it would produce much confusion and answer no good purpose to make any change in their present arrangement. I now proceed accordingly to modify the generic character in the following manner, so as to include all the species below enumerated. Before doing this I will offer a few remarks in regard to the limits of this genus with respect to Physalis, Witha- nia, Capsicum, &c. on the one hand, and Witheringia and Bra- chistus on the other. In all these instances there exists but little difference in the structure of the flower, the principal distinctive ‘features being the inclosure of the berry ina greatly enlarged and ventricose calyx in Physalis and Withania, another structure of fruit in Capsicum, and a more fruticose habit and different inflores- cence in Witheringia and Brachistus. In Saracha the inflorescence is axi and umbellate, the number of radiating pedicels upon one single peduncle varying from 2 to 8: in Physalis the flowers are always solitary in each axil, upon a lengthened peduncle ; and in Witheringia, as I have limited that genus (ante, p. 4), the flowers, though more numerous, are also upon simple peduncles : in this case however the inflorescence appears to be somewhat more complex, owing to several flowers growing out of each axil at successive periods, so that they are seen in various stages of development, from the nascent bud to the perfected fruit ; but the true normal condition is that of a solitary pedunculated flower, as is frequently observed in the dichotomous axils, the other flowers commonly aggregated with it in many of the axils being in fact nothing more than a shortened and dwarf form of an axillary flowering branchlet, which is often seen in a more lengthened state of development. This is distinctly shown in the SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 15 figure of Witheringia, plate 35, attached to this volume. In Physalis the corolla is generally campanulate, with an almost entire pentangular border, rarely 5-lobed ; in Witheringia the tube is very short, the border patent and cleft nearly to the base into five equal oblong acute segments, while in Saracha the corolla is contracted at its base into a short tube, and suddenly spreads above into a border quite rotate, which is pentangular or half cleft into five lobes. In the latter genus the stamens are gene- rally slender and distinct at their origin, being simply inserted at the base of the tube of the corolla; in Witheringia, Capsicum, and in several species of Solanum, they spring, as in Hebecladus, from as many triangular expansions, sometimes separated by small distinct intervals, at others almost or wholly united into an annular ring adnate to the tube a little above its base: in Withe- ringia these processes are most distinctly developed; in Saracha the same occurs in a greater or less degree, but they are gene- rally more separated and completely free, arising from the mar- ginal base of the tube; in Physalis these expansions are quite adnate with the tube. In Saracha, as in Hebecladus, the berry is supported by the persistent calyx, which although more or less expanding in size with the growth of the fruit always remains rotate, not vesicular and inclosing the berry as in Physalis, Ni- - eandra and some other genera. In Saracha, as in these genera, and also as in Witheringia, the placentz are fleshy and altogether adnate with the dissepiment, but in Brachistus the placente are thin, membranaceous, and branching at right angles from the axile line of the dissepiment into the cavity of the cell, when they are free, furcated and ovuligerous. In Saracha and in Physalis the embryo is semicyclical, the radicle being double the length of the cotyledons ; in Capsicum it is quite spiral and somewhat helical, the cotyledons being equal in length to the radicle ; but the latter describes only a half-cireuit of much larger radius, while the former makes fully a complete gyration of smaller diameter. In Witheringia the embryo is subannular, forming nearly }ths of a cirele by no means spiral, and the cotyledons are only {th of its whole length. The following I conceive to be the limits of this genus :— Saracua, R. & P., char. emend.—Calyzx brevis, submembra- naceus, 5-angulatus, 5-dentatus, 5-nervosus, dentibus acutis brevibus, persistens. Corolla rotata, limbo sinuato, 5-angu- lato, sepissime 15-nervio, lobis s. angulis reflexis, zstivatione valde induplicato-valvata. Stamina 5, tubo corolle prope mar- ginem basalem affixa, ejusdem longitudine ; filamenta filiformia, erecta, basi triangulariter dilatata ; anthere approximate, ob- longe aut subrotundz, basifixe, 2-lobe, lobis arcte connatis et longitudinaliter antice dehiscentibus. Ovartwm ovatum, 16 ILLUSTRATIONS OF 2-loculare, placentis incrassatis septo adnatis, multiovulatis. Stylus simplex, longitudine staminum. Stigma capitato-bilo-— bum. Bacca globosa, calyce membranaceo parum aucto suf- fulta. Semina plurima, in pulpam nidulantia, parva, reni- formia: testa scrobiculata, hilo in sinu laterali: embryo intra albumen carnosum semicyclicus, teres, cotyledonibus uncinatis semiteretibus, radicula paulo inflexa infera hilo evitante di- midio brevioribus.—Herbz America intertropice plerumque perennes, procumbentes, dichotome ramosa, pilose ; folia alterna vel gemina, integra, aut sinuato-dentata ; inflorescentia umbel- lata, pedunculo 2-6-floro, axillari vel e dichotomiis sepius orto. The following recorded species from the characters described appear to belong to this genus:— . Saracha procumbens, R. & P. Flor..Per. 2. 43. tab. 180 6. —— umbellata, DC. Jacq. Hort. Schoen. tab. 498. contorta, R. & P. 1. c. tab. 180 a*. jaltomata, Schl. Linn. 13. Litt. 98 ; Linn. 19. 307. —— Zuccagniana, RK. & Sch. Syst. 4. 687. villosa, G. Don, R. & Sch. Syst. 4. 684. dentata, R. & P. 1. c. 2. 48. tab. 179 b. biflora, R. & P. 1. c. 2. 42. tab. 179 a. ; viscosa, Schrad. Sweet. Br. Fl. Gard. (2nd ser.) 4. tab. 323; Botanist, 4. tab. 168. 10. pubescens, Willd. R. & Sch. Syst. 4. 687. 1k allogona, Schl. Linn. 19. 808. Solanum allogo- num, Bernh. Linn. 8. 252 ; Walp. Rep. 3. 48. From this list are excluded S. punctata, R. & P., referred to Peecilochroma (vol. i. of this work, p. 153), and S. geniculata, Mart. & Gall. Bull. Ac. Br. 12. 1. 183; Walp. 6. 575, which is evidently referable to Physalis, on account of its solitary pendu- lous flowers and yellow corolla with large purple spots. Galeotti’s Mexican plant, no. 1226, is said by Schlechtendal (Linn. 19. 308) to be the Saracha angulata, Linn., which is clearly a typical error, instead of Physalis angulata, Linn. Among the doubtful or un- described species of Saracha may also be mentioned as of no value for want of sufficient details, S. brasiliensis, Klotzsch, Linn. 14. 290; S. micrantha, DeC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. 1818 ; S. peru- viana, D. Diet. Gartnerlexicon, 8. 525. The following new species are now to be added to this genus : 12. Saracha ciliata (n. sp.) ;—caule angulato, glabro, vel sparse aspero-pilosulo, dichotome ramoso ; foliis geminis, oblongis, utrinque attenuatis, subglabris, aut leviter glanduloso-asperis, eroso-denticulatis, et ad marginem ciliatis, breviter petiolatis ; pedunculo brevi, axillari, vel e dichotomiis orto, umbellatim * Mathews, no. 3248, Sa SS ee tS SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 17 2-floro, pedicellis apice incrassatis, pilosis; calyce majusculo, 5-partito, fere glabro, in nervis piloso, laciniis acutis ; corolla ampla, pallide lutea, rotata, angulato-5-loba, lobis acutis, glabra, sed in nervis 15 extus pilosa, staminibus corollz di- midio brevioribus, glabris.—Peruvia, v. s. in herb. Hook. (in valle Lime, Mathews, n. 834). . This plant in its habit much résembles S. diffusa, but it is dif- ferent in the form of its leaves, and in its much larger pale yel- low flowers, with comparatively short, glabrous stamens and large anthers. Its leaves are 13 inch long, % inch broad, on a petiole 1 inch long: the peduncle is 4 lines long, and its much thicker pedicels are of equal length : its broadly spread campanular calyx is half an inch long, cleft nearly half way into five equal acute segments : the corolla is probably the largest of the genus, mea-. suring in diameter nearly 2 inches, with five deep acute lobes, the stamens being quite glabrous, erect, and 4 or 5 lines long. 13. Saracha propinqua (n. sp.) ;—herbacea, caule dichotome ramoso, glabro ; foliis lanceolato-ellipticis, margine eroso-den- ticulatis, utrinque sparse glanduloso-asperis, petiolo gracili, pubescente ; pedunculo elongato, gracili, umbellatim 2-6-floro, axillari vel e dichotomiis orto, vix pubescente, pedicellis longis, filiformibus ; calyce rotato, lobis acutis ; corolla cerulea, rotata, angulato*5-loba, lobis acutis, staminibus erectis, elongatis, imo pilis mollibus patentibus dense hirsutis : bacca pisiformi, calyce rotato suffulta.—Peruvia, v. in herb. Hook. (Cuesto de Purru- chucho, Mathews, no. 774, S. procumbens nominata.) This plant is certainly very distinct from the S. procumbens of the ‘ Flora Peruviana,’ and does not appear to correspond with any recorded species. The leaves are 2 inches long and 1 inch wide, with its broadest part towards the base, which is suddenly attenuated into a somewhat fine petiole 4 lines in length. The slender peduncle almost glabrous, striated and shining, is about an inch long, bearing on its summit the very delicate pedicels, umbellately spreading, and $ inch in length: the calyx measures very nearly half an inch across, and the rotate corolla is 1 inch in diameter, the stamens being 3 inch long, very slender, smooth at the summit, while the lower moiety is densely pilose with very spreading articulated dark-coloured hairs : the round berries are about 4: lines in diameter, supported on their spreading, scarcely enlarged calyx*. 14. Saracha diffusa (n. sp.) ;—herbacea, caule angulato, glabro, dichotome ramoso ; foliis ovatis vel ellipticis, versus apicem * A drawing of this species with generic details is given in plate 38 B of this work. VOL. Il. D 18 ILLUSTRATIONS OF attenuatis, et saltim obtusiusculis, grosse sinuato-serratis, laci- nulis obtusis, margine eroso-denticulatis et ciliatis, basi sub- inzequalibus, in petiolum gracilem angustissime decurrentibus, submembranaceis, reticulato-venosis, vix glabris, vel utrinque presertim in venis glanduloso-pilosis ; floribus in dichotomiis umbellatis, 4-6 floris, pedunculo elongato gracillimo, pedicel- lisque filiformibus glabris ; calyce rotato, angulato, 5-dentato ; corolla rotata, 15-nervia, extus lanuginosa, margine 5-angu- lata, longe ciliata, staminibus erectis, corollz dimidio brevio- ribus, glabris.—Peruvia, v. in herb. Hook. (Cuesta de Purru- chucho, Mathews, no. 775, 8. contorta noncupata.) This species clearly does not correspond with the Saracha con- torta of the ‘ Flora Peruviana,’ agreeing neither with its figure nor its description. The leaves, which are remarkable not only for their sinuose serrate border, but for their distinctly eroso-ciliate margins, are 23 inches long, 14 inch broad, with a petiole half an inch in length: the peduncle of the umbel is from ¢ to 1 inch or sometimes 21 inches, and the pedicels 3 inch long: the very expanded flower measures 8 lines in diameter. The whole plant appears herbaceous and almost glabrous, and is said to flower mm April. . 15. Saracha laza (n. sp.) ;—caule angulato-striato, subglabro vel parce puberulo, dichotome ramoso : foliis late ovatis, basi sub- obtusis, repente in petiolum attenuatis, utrinque squamoso- pilosis, pilis articulatis ; floribus umbellatis, pedunculo axillari, elongato, pedicellisque 2-6 tertio brevioribus, pilosis; calyce acutilobo, hirsuto ; corolla rotata, angulato-5-loba, lobis acutis, utrinque glabra; staminibus dimidio brevioribus ; bacca pisi- formi, calyce rotato aucto suffulta.—Mexico, v. in herb. Hook. (Oaxaca, Galeotti, no. 1169.) The branches of this plant are straight and slender, the inter- nodes being very distant (43 inches apart) ; the leaves are 13 inch long and 1} inch broad, upon a petiole half an inch in length ; the pedunele is 2 inches long, slender, the pedicels being 3 inch in length; the calyx is cleft half way down, and is about 3 lines broad ; the corolla when spread measures nearly an inch in diameter. . 16. Saracha auriculata (n. sp.) ;—caule angulato, dichotome flex- uoso, glaberrimo, rubescente ; foliis geminatis, rhomboideo- lanceolatis, acuminatis, imo in petiolum cuneatis, infra medium acutato-auriculatis, et irregulariter grosse sinuato-dentatis, utrinque glabris, subtus nervis prominulis, margine subciliatis ; umbella sub-6-flora, pedicellis pedunculo axillari equilongis, glabris, apice incrassatis ; corolla parvula, rotata, 5-angulata, . SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 19 lutea, glabra, margine ciliata; staminibus corolle zquilongis, imo hirsutulis ; bacca pisiformi, calyce subaucto rotato suffulta. —Nova Granada, v. in herb. Hook. (Plages de Combayma, Goudot.) This species is very distinct, being entirely glabrous: its leaves are 3+ inches long, 1 inch broad in the middle, and 13 inch across the very acute and somewhat auricular lobes, the petiole being z inch mm length ; the peduncle and pedicels are each 3 inch long ; the calyx is 2 lines in length, becoming 6 lines in diameter in fruit ; the small yellow rotate corolla is only 5 lines in diameter, the stamens being 3 lines long; the berry is globular, 3 to 4 lines in diameter*. 17. Saracha glabrata (n. sp.) ;—caule stricto, glabro, angulato ; foliis geminis, oblongis, utrinque attenuatis et glaberrimis, submembranaceis, reticulato-venosis, obsolete denticulatis, nervo marginali ciliatis, petiolo caniculato glabro; pedunculo axillari, 2-floro, pedicellisque eequilongis pubescentibus ; bacca pisiformi, calyce persistente rotato, reticulato, semi 5-fido, lobis triangularibus, margine nervisque ciliatis, suffulta—Mexico, v. in herb. Hook. (Dr. Coulter, no. 1226.) The leaves of this species are 13 inch long and $ inch broad, on a petiole % inch in length. The peduncle is half an inch long, the pedicels 2 inch in length, and the calyx nearly half an inch in diameter. 18. Saracha conspersa (n. sp.) ;—caule dichotome ramoso, angu- lato-striato, pubescente ; foliis geminatis, oblongis, acuminatis, basi subobtusiusculis, repente attenuatis et in petiolum elon- ‘gatum decurrentibus, utrinque molliter pubescentibus, nervis patentim pilosis, margine subrevoluto ciliatis ; floribus umbel- latis, pedunculo axillari petiolo duplo longiore, pedicellis 46 dimidio brevioribus, patentim radiatis ; calycis laciniis lineari- acutis, patentim villosis ; corolla rotata, viridi-lutea, maculis plurimis viridibus ad medium notata, glabra, 5-angulata, an- gulis acutis, margine ciliata, staminibus glaberrimis, erectis, corolle sequilongis.—Mexico, v. in herb. Hook. (Dr. Coulter, Zimapan, no. 1227.) The leaves of this plant are 23 inches long, 14 inch broad, on a pilose slender petiole half an inch in length ; the pedunele is 1} inch, the pedicels } to inch long, the calyx 2 lines, the co- rolla 3 inch in diameter, and the stamens } inch in length. 19. Saracha acutifolia (n. sp.) ;—caule angulato, fere glabro ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis, grosse inciso-serratis, apice acumina-~ * This species is shown in plate 38 A. D * 20, ILLUSTRATIONS OF tissimis, imo in petiolum attenuatis, utrinque in nervis mar- gineque sparse pilosis ; floribus axillaribus, foliis dimidio bre- vioribus, pedunculo gracili, sub 2-floro ; calyce acutilobo, hir- sutulo ; corolla rotata, 5-angulata, lutea, glabra, margine ciliata, intus imo maculata et tomentosa, staminibus brevioribus, fila- mentis glabris, antheris lisque sequilongis.—California, v. in herb. Hook. (Dr. Coulter, no. 593.) The specimen above noticed is not more than 4 inches in length, and is probably only a fragment, but the plant would seem to be very small in its growth: the leaves are 1} inch long, 5 lines wide in their broadest part, with about five deeply incised teeth on each side; the petiole measures only + inch, the hairs are very short and scabrid, and are seen chiefly on the nervures and margin ; the calyx is very short with acute lobes, about a line long ; the corolla across its mouth measures about 4 inch in dia- meter, the filaments are 2 lines, the anthers 13 line, and the pistil 3 lines long : the peduncle and pedicels together measure about half an inch, ; 20. Saracha vestita (n. sp.) ;—caule fere suffruticoso, molliter to-. mentoso-hirtello ; foliis oblongis, apice attenuato-acuminatis, basi obtusiusculis, margine eroso-denticulatis, utrinque tomen- tosis, breviter petiolatis, petiolis pedunculisque pilis patentibus articulatis flavidis dense sericeis ; pedunculo axillari, sub-brevi, 2-floro ; calyce piloso, 5-dentato ; corolla rotata, 5-angulata, extus margineque pubescente ; staminibus pilosis ; bacca pisi- formi, calyce subaucto rotato suffulta—Columbia, v. in herb. Hook. (Hartweg, no. 1292.) Judging from the specimen above referred to, this plant would appear to be almost erect, and different from the usually strag- gling dichotomous growth of this genus, but in the structure of the flower and of the seed it accords entirely with Saracha. The leaves are 1} inch long, $ inch broad, upon a very short petiole of 4 or 5 lines ; the very sericeous peduncle with its two pedicels are scarcely longer than half an inch; the calyx in flower mea- sures # inch in diameter, increasing in fruttification to a dia- meter of $ inch; the corolla barely measures 3 inch across, and three parallel nervures extend from the apex of each segment to the base ; the fruit is from 3 to 4 lines in diameter. 21. Saracha glandulosa (n. sp.) ;—glanduloso-pubescens ; foliis alternis, floralibus subgeminis, oblongis, acuminatis, in petio- lum longiusculum attenuatis, inequaliter grosse serratis et eroso-denticulatis, crassis, utrinque tomentosis, nervis patentim pilosis, margine glanduloso-ciliatis, superioribus subintegris ; pedunculo brevi, axillari, 2-floro, pedicellis equilongo ; calyce SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 21 5-fido ; corolla parva, rotata, flava, utrinque subpubescente, angulato-5-loba, lobis acutis; staminibus inclusis, filamentis brevibus, imo dilatatis, pilosis, antheris ovalibus, conniventibus. —Nova Granada, v. in herb. Hook. (La Peiia, Bogota, Goudot.) This is the plant elsewhere mentioned as appearing to me to bear so close an analogy with the figure and character of Withe- ringia solanacea (1 Herit.). Its leaves are 24 inches long, 1 inch broad, on a somewhat slender petiole 9 lines to an inch in length : the peduncle and pedicels together scarcely measure more than 3 lines, the flower being no more than 4 lines in diameter ; the stamens, scarcely a line long, are shorter than the somewhat cam- panular base of the corolla, the filaments are suddenly dilated into triangular processes at base, and united into a short adnate ring ; above they are flat and narrow, the margins being clothed with diverging ciliate hairs; the anthers are oval, adnate to a small oblong dorsal connective, and they burst on the edges by longi- tudinal fissures *. 22. Saracha solanacea. Witheringia solanacea, L’Herit. Stirp. Nov. Angl. 1. 88. tab. 1; Aiton, Hort. Kew. 1. 149; Lam. Tllustr. 1. 326. tab. 82 ; Dict. 8. 800 ;—radice tuberoso fusi- formi; caule inferne lignoso, perenni; ramulis subherbaceis, annuis, erectis, pedalibus, pilosis, angulatis ; foltis ovato-ob- longis, v. ovato-lanceolatis, pilosulis, margine ciliatis, acutis, basi obtusis, petiolatis, superioribus floriferis geminis ; flori- bus tetrameris, umbellatis, umbellis fere sessilibus, pedicellis divaricatis, petiolo unciali zquilongis, calyceque brevi 4-den- tato glabris, corolla calyce 2-plo majore, tubo urceolato imo coarctato, tuberculis 4 instructo, limbo 4-lobo, rotato, lobis lanceolatis, staminibus 4, tuberculis alternis, filamentis brevi- bus, imo dilatatis, pilosis, antheris ovalibus, conniventibus.— America meridionalis. This plant, known only as having been cultivated in the Bo- tanic Garden of Kew, is described by L’Heritier and Aiton as above-quoted, but the dried specimens preserved by these bota- nists do not appear in the Banksian herbarium. The stem is said to be a foot high, covered with dark red pubescence ; the leaves are 3 inches long, upon a petiole nearly an inch in length, and almost glabrous ; the umbels are nearly as long as the petioles, the pedicels being scarcely half an inch long ; the calyx is short and glabrous ; the corolla of a pale yellow colour ; the tube is 1} line in diameter, and the lobes 8 lines long. The fruit is a 2- locular berry, with numerous seeds attached to an adnate placenta projecting from each side of the dissepiment.— The characters of *this plant will thus be seen to be all strictly in accordance with * This plant is shown in plate 39 A. 22 ILLUSTRATIONS OF the genus Saracha, as has been noticed on a previous occasion when treating of the genus Witheringia (ante, p. 3), and the reasoning upon which this conclusion is based will be found strengthened by a comparison of L’Heritier’s figure of his Withe- ringia solanacea with that of the preceding species S. glandulosa, to which I have just made reference. 23. Saracha diffusa (n. sp.) ;—caule angulato-striato, dichotome diffuso, subglabro vel parce puberulo ; foliis late ovatis, acutis, basi obtusiusculis, repente in petiolum attenuatis, superioribus geminatis, utrinque pilis articulatis pubescentibus ; floribus umbellatis, pedicellis 2-6, pedunculo elongato folio equilongo tertio brevioribus, omnibus pilosis; calyce acutilobo, hirsuto ; corolla rotata, angulato-5-loba, utrinque glabra, staminibus corolle dimidio brevioribus; bacca pisiformi, calyce rotato aucto suffultaa—Mexico, v. in herb. Hook. (Oaxaca, Galeotti, no. 1169.) In this plant the internodes are very distant, and the leaves, shorter than the peduncle, are 1} inch long by 1} inch broad, upon a petiole of 5 lines in length; the peduncle is 2 to 2} inches long, the pedicels $ inch in length. ACcNISTUS. To this genus, as defined on a former occasion (see vol. i. p. 16» of this work), I have to add another species. Subsequently (ibid. p. 187) I alluded to the great proximity which this genus offers to Dunalia, and I may also add that it touches like- wise upon the section Chenesthes of Jochroma on the one hand, in a manner that renders it difficult to determine whether one species of Acnistus belongs to this or to the former genus ; on the other hand again it osculates closely upon Brachistus, so that B. oblongifolius from the length of its corolla (beg twice that of its calyx) might almost be considered as an Acnistus : in this latter case however, as the plant has very dissimilar geminate leaves, a character peculiarly remarkable in most species of Bra- chistus, and as it presents only two, rarely more flowers in each axil, it cannot be considered as an Aenistus. 14. Aecnistus confertiflorus (n. sp.) ;—ramulis glabris, striatis ; foliis fasciculatis, oblongis, basi cuneatis,‘in petiolum longum gracilem attenuatis, apice obtusiusculis, supra pubescentibus, - subtus fusco-tomentosis: floribus umbellato-fasciculatis, pe- dunculis apice incrassatis, calyceque pilosiusculis, corolla lutea, glabra, lobis acutis, marginibus tomentosis, staminibus stylo- que subexsertis.—Peruvia, v. s. in herb. Lindley (Lobb. n. 328). In this species the leaves (including a petiole of 3 inch long) * are 2} inches in length and ¢ inch broad ; the peduncle is 9 or SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 23 10 lines, the corolla 8 lines long: each axil usually presents four to five or six flowers, fasciculated with two to three or four young leaves, all growing out of the cicatrix of a fallen leaf of the pre- vious year : it is probable therefore that the leaves grow to a much larger size than are seen in the above specimen. It comes very near Acnistus cauliflorus. DunaLia. Since the last species of this genus were described, I am glad to have had an opportunity of seeing a new and very distinct species belonging to the section Pauciflore, which I found culti- vated at Kew, under the name of Lycium obovatum. It confirms the views before taken of its structure, founded on an examination of the dried specimens described in the former volume of this work, pp. 13 and 136. 7. Dunalia lilacina (n. sp.) ;—fruticosa, inermis, ramulis striatis ; foliis in axillis fasciculatis, spathulato-oblongis, apice obtusi- usculis aut vix acutis, in petiolum elongatum gracilem attenu- atis, utrinque glaberrimis, margine revolutis, venis superne immersis subtus coloratis ; floribus in fasciculis axillaribus so- litariis, nutantibus, pedunculo gracili, 1-floro, calyeeque brevi campanulato 5-nervio glabro, dentibus 5, rotundatis, mucro- natis ; corolla infundibuliformi, lilacina, calyce 6-plo longiore, extus vix puberula, intus superne glabra, imo pubescente, limbo brevissimo, tomentoso, fere integro, dentibus 5-6, acutis, cum alteris fere obsoletis glabris interjectis ; staminibus 5-6, inclusis, quorum 8 paulo brevioribus, filamentis glabris, supra basin insertis, appendicibus brevibus, utrinque bifidis, cano- pubescentibus ; stylo glabro, incluso.—Patria ignota, v. s. in hort. Kew. cult. This species approaches very near to D. ramiflora: the inter- nodes are closely approximated, with four to six leaves crowded in each axil; the leaves are 13 inch long, tapering gradually from near the apex into a slender petiole of $ of an inch, being altogether 21 inches in length, and they are 5 lines in breadth ; the peduncles are only } inch long, scarcely thickened at the apex ; the calyx is 2 lines long; the corolla 1 inch in length, 2 lines in diameter from the base to the middle, whence it gra- dually enlarges to nearly 4 lines in the mouth ; the filaments are quite glabrous, arising from fleshy oblong cano-tomentose pro- cesses, with free margins, adnate to the base of the corolla for the length of 14 line; the appendages, which are a continuation of the free margins of the processes, instead of being single and glabrous on each side of the filaments, as in all the other species, are here each bifid, very cano-tomentose, and scarcely a line in 24 ILLUSTRATIONS OF length ; the anthers are below the mouth of the corolla, as is also . the clavate stigma, which is crowned with two greenish viscid glands. PuRopvs. Among the collections made by Bridges in the arid districts of the province of Coquimbo in Chile, are three plants that bear quite the aspect of some of the singular Nolanaceons species which I noticed on a previous occasion as belonging to the ge- nera Alona and Dolium of Dr. Lindley. One of these same plants was formerly described by me (huj. op. vol. i. p. 54) under the name of Alona microphylla, because it possessed the same general habit, with flowers similar to those of Alona erici- folia and other Nolanaceous plants from the same locality, and being without fruit I concluded it must belong to that genus. The plants now to be described, though evidently referrible to the tribe Solanee of Endlicher, do not aad, with any re- corded genus: from Salpichroma they differ in having a more tubular calyx, and a much shorter and broader corolla, which does not become black in drying : they approach Dunalia in the structure of their flowers, and somewhat in their Lycium-like habit, but their filaments are simple and more exserted. They greatly resemble at the same time many species of Lycium, but they differ from that genus in having much larger and more cam- panular flowers with a very different estivation. The generic name now proposed for these plants is derived from Ppod6dos, evanidus, because of their shabby stunted habit. Puropvus (gen. nov.).—Calyz urceolato-tubulosus, usque ad me- dium 5-dentatus, dentibus acutis, persistens. Corolla infun- dibuliformis, tubo imo contracto, superne ampliore, limbo 5- partito, laciniis oblongis vel rotundatis, expansis, estivatione induplicato-valvatis. Stamina 5, subinequalia, longe exserta ; filamenta filiformia, in coarctationem tubi adnata, imo villosa, hine glabra ; anther@ ovate, 2-lobe, sine connectivo apicifixe, lobis adnatis, rima laterali longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ova- rium ovatum, imo glandula annulari cinctum, 2-loculare, pluri- ovulatum, placentis incrassatis dissepimento utrinque adnatis. Stylus filiformis, longitudine staminum. Stigma clavatum, obsolete 2-lobum. Bacca globosa, apice conica, calyce distensa arcte inclusa, 2-locularis, polysperma. Semina compressa, re- niformia. Embryo in albumen carnosum teres, arcuatus, radi- cula ad angulum basilarem spectante, cotyledonibus semitere- tibus fere zquante.—Fruticuli Chilenses ramosissimi ; folia mi- nima, ericoidea, carnosula ; flores solitarii, axillares, pedunculati. 1. Phrodus microphyllus. Alona microphylla, huj. op. vol. i. p. 54 ;—fruticulosus, nodoso-flexuosus, implexo-ramosus, ra- SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 25 mulis junioribus brevibus divaricatis, vel deflexis, abortu apice spe spinescentibus ; foliis subsessilibus parvulis, subfascicu- latis, spathulato-oblongis, carnosis, superne canaliculatis, sub- tus convexis, utrinque glanduloso-pubescentibus, imo callo tumido persistente suffultis, callibus agglomeratis et axillis demum nudis hine nodosis ; floribus breviter pedunculatis.— Chile, prov. Coquimbo, ». s. in herb. Hook. (Bridges, no. 1330), in herb. Lindl. (Bridges, no. 1331*). This appears to be a low bushy stunted shrub, with close, short, flexuose, knotty branchlets, frequently spinescent at the apex, or often reduced to a short spine: the older branches are generally quite bare of leaves, but the younger ones are closely invested with minute fleshy fasciculate semiterete leaves, scarcely more than 1 or 2 lines in length, and barely half a line in thick- ness ; these soon fall off, leaving the axils bare, the sterile appear- ance of which is increased by the knotty accretions formed by the persistent tumid bases of the fasciculate leaves ; the peduncle is 2 lines in length; the calyx, 3 lines long, is somewhat cam- panular, being 2 lines broad, cleft full one-third of its length into five erect equal teeth : the corolla seldom exceeds 6 or 8 lines in length, the portion within the calyx being cylindrical, but it swells above and becomes funnel-shaped, with an expanded border consisting of five obtusely triangular equal lobes; the stamens are inserted in the contracted portion of the tube, where they are very hairy, above they are quite smooth, slender, erect, and extend 2 lines beyond the mouth of the tube ; the style is exserted to the same lengtht. e ; 2. Phrodus Bridgesii (n. sp.) ;—fruticosus, ramulis elongatis, teneris, subadscendentibus; foliis fasciculatis, spathulato-linea- ribus, subcarnosis, superne canaliculatis, subtus convexis, utrin- que viscoso-pubescentibus ; corolla calyce 3-plo longiore ; sta- * There is evidently a confusion here in the numbers, which is not un- frequent in many of Bridges’s Chile plants, in consequence of two or more specimens having been distributed on the same sheet without attached labels. Owing to this same cause, I have described his no. 1331 as the Dolia vermi- culata; it should have beén no. 1330, these numbers having been respec tively interchanged. Under no. 1332 two very different plants have been distributed ; in Dr. Lindley’s herbarium that number corresponds with his Alona baccata, and in Sir Wm. Hooker’s herbarium the same number refers to a very distinct plant, which I have correctly described under the name of Sorema acuminata. 1 may here also observe, that there exists another error connected with some of Bridges’s plants formerly described by me, inasfar as regards their locality : thus Sorema acuminata (Lond. Journ. Bot. iv. 370), Sorema linearis (id. 499), Alona ericifolia (id. 501), and Dolia clavata (id. 508), are all from the neighbourhood of Coquimbo, and not from Concepcion, as I found inscribed in mistake on the specimens referred to. + This plant with generic details is figured in plate 42 A. VOL. II. E 26 ILLUSTRATIONS OF minibus ,subinequalibus, longe exsertis, stylo zquilongis.— Chile ad Coquimbo. v. s. in herb. Hook. et Lindl. (Bridges, no. 1332). The habit of this species is somewhat different from the pre- ceding, the branchlets being much longer, straighter and more slender ; the leaves are also larger and more linear, being 4 lines long by $ line broad, and after their fall the axils do not become enlarged by callous knots, as occurs in the two other species ; the peduncle is 4 lines long; the calyx, 5 lines in length, is more funnel-shaped, and divided nearly halfway down into five acute teeth ; the corolla is 9 lines long, spreading above to a diameter of 6 lines, with a border of five short lobes, and is appa- rently of a pale yellow or whitish colour ; both it and the calyx as well as the peduncle, the stem and the leaves are thickly clothed with short glandular pubescent down: the style, thickened at its apex, is considerably farther exserted than the stamens : the berry, closely invested by the calyx, is globular, with a conical apex, and is 5 lines in diameter*. 3. Phrodus nodosus (n. sp.) ;—fruticosus, ramulis nodoso-flexu- osis, subadscendentibus ; foliis fasciculatis, spathulato-linea- ribus, carnosis, eveniis, superne canaliculatis, imo callo tumido persistente suffultis, axillis hinc demum nodosis: corolla ob- scuriore, calyce campanulato duplo longiore, staminibus vix exsertis ; stylo istis multo longiore—Coquimbo, », s. in herb. Hook. et Lindl. (Bridges, no. 1333). The habit of this plant is intermediate between the two former, the branches being flexuose and knotty as in the first species ; its leayes are similar in size and shape to those of P. Bridgesiz, but the agglomerated persistent callous bases of the leaves, after they have fallen, give to the branches, which are more flexuose and crooked, the same knotty appearance as in P. microphylla, a cha- racter quite wanting in the second species +. PuysaLis. Having spoken so frequently of this genus in relation to other approximate genera, it is desirable that its limits should be de- fined with more accuracy than heretofore. Its distinction from Saracha has been already marked by its inflorescence offering always a solitary axile flower, by its greatly increased vesicular reticulated calyx in fruit wholly inclosmg the berry, and by its more deeply campanular and less rotate corolla with a border not * This species is figured in plate 41. + This plant is shown in plate 42 B. SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 27 so deeply cleft. In its enlarged vesicular calyx it offers much analogy with the genera Nicandra, Cacabus, Thinogeton, Ani- sodus, Withania and Hypnoticum, but the former has a longer and larger campanular corolla, with an erect-almost entire mar- gin, and a calyx with five deeply carinated angles, and five spur- like extensions at its base ; the second has a more decidedly in- fundibuliform corolla, resembling that of a Nolana, and an almost transparent calyx marked with dark green lines; the third has a still more tubular corolla with an enlarged thickened calyx : Anisodus has a large deeply bell-shaped flower with rounded lobes, and a vesicular thickened calyx with five large prominent nervures which become woody: in Withania the corolla is nar- row and deeply cleft, and the fructiferous calyx is broad and not contracted in its mouth: Hypnoticum has a small corolla with an extremely short tube, and a small erect five-cleft border. In Physalis, on the contrary, the corolla is broadly campanular, with a spreading pentangular border more or less entire, and generally with five large coloured spots at its base. All possess a swelling calyx enveloping the fruit, and Hypnoticum agrees with Physalis in having stellate or brachiate pubescence. The follow- ing is its emended generic character :— Paysats (char. reform.).—Calya brevis, tubulosus, in lobis 5 acutis semifissus, tubo in fructu valde aucto vesiculoso 5-an- guloso, persistens. Corolla late campanulata, seepissime ma- culis magnis 5 colorata, imo breviter coarctata, limbo subro- tato, 5-angulato, rarius in lobis 5 triangularibus partito, esti- yatione plicato-valvata. Stamina 5, imo corolle inserta, e squamis 3-dentatis basi corolle adnatis et fere in annulum sistentibus orta; filamenta teretia, erecta; anthers oblong, ba- sifixee, circum stylum conniventes, loculis 2, parallele connexis, rima marginali longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium ova- tum, imo disco carnoso impositum, 2-loculare, placentis € dis- sepimento cruciatim partientibus, tunc bifidis, lunularibus, undique ovuligeris. Stylus simplex, longitudine staminum. Stigma capitatum, 2-lobum. Bacca globosa, calyce vesiculoso, membranaceo, reticulato, celata. Semina plurima, parva, in pulpam nidulantia, reniformia, ¢es¢a scrobiculata. E intra albumen carnosum hemicyclicus, teres, radicula infera, hilo laterali evitante, cotyledonibus semiteretibus duplo lon-, giore.—Herbe suffruticulose, radice perennante, totius orbis undique indigene, procumbentes, dichotomo-ramos@, pilose ; folia alterna, vel gemina, ovata, integra, aut angulato-dentata, inter- dum cordata ; flores pedunculati, solitarit, extra-axillares, s@- pissime nutantes. Ail the species of Physalis are too well known “27 described - * 28 ILLUSTRATIONS OF to require any observation, but for the sake of illustrating the details of the genus, I have added a species that appears to be unrecorded. : Physalis gracilis (n. sp.) ;—caule gracili, substricto, pubescente ; foliis ovatis, acutis, petiolatis, seepe inzequilateralibus, crassi- usculis, utrinque pallidis et pubescentibus, petiolo sublongo, piloso; floribus axillaribus, subsolitariis, pedunculo gracili, petiolo zequilongo, 1-floro, flore nutante ; calyce campanulato, profunde 5-partito, lobis acutis; corolla cyathiformi-campa- nulata, lutea, maculis 5 magnis violaceis notata, limbo 5-angu- lato, angulis obtusis ; staminibus corolla brevioribus, filamentis brevissimis.—Real del Monte, Mexico, v. s. in herb. Hook. (Coulter, 1222). The specimen is scarcely more than 8 inches long, with a single, slim, straight, apparently erect and somewhat branching stem ; the internodes are about | inch, the leaves 12 to 15 lines long, 8 lines broad, upon a slender petiole 4 lines in length, they are somewhat obtuse and unequal at base; the more slender pe- duncle is about 6-8 lines ; the calyx, 5 lines long, is half cleft into five acute segments, and together with the peduncle is hairy ; the corolla is 8 lines broad and 4 lines deep, the filaments are 3 lines, and the anthers nearly 2 lines long*. LARNAX. There exists a small group of plants in several respects ap- proaching Physalis as defined in the preceding page, but which differ in having fasciculate flowers, a corolla deeply 5-cleft, and in being herbaceous, erect, not prostrate plants. They vary from Cacabus and Thinogeton in the structure and colour of their corolla. The type is the Physalis subtriflora of the ‘ Flora Pe- ruviana,’ tab. 176, and two other plants described by Prof. Kunth are evidently congeneric with it. They differ from Saracha in their flowers being fasciculate, not decidedly umbellate, and in their inflated calyx, which subsequently incloses the fruit, as in Physalis. They approach Margaranthus very closely, but they do not accord with that genus in the form of their corolla. The generic name proposed for this group is derived from Xdpvak, capsa, because the fruit is encased by the swollen calyx. Laxnax (gen. nov.).— Calyx tubulosus, angulatus, tenuis, 5-den- tatus, demum augescens et vesicarius. Corolla tubo brevis- simo, campanulato-infundibuliformi, limbo 5-fido, lobis acutis, subpatentibus. Stamina 5, brevia, tubo inclusa, equalia, fila- * A figure of this species is given in plate 39 B. SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 29 menta brevissima, anthere 2-loculares, loculis adnatis. Ova- rium ovatum, 2-loculare. Stylus brevis, erectus, apice sub- incurvus. Stigma sub-2-lobum. Bacca pisiformis, 2-locularis, calyce globoso, urceolato, vesicario, membranaceo inclusa. Semina plurima, reniformia. Embryo ignotus.—Herbe Peru- viane et Mexican, annue, erecta, dichotome ramose; folia alterna, solitaria aut gemina, petiolata ; flores axillares, subsoli- tarii, aut plurimi fasciculati ; pedunculi 1-flori, floriferi erecti, fructiferi cernui; corolla lutea. 1. Larnax subtriflora. Physalis subtriflora, R. e¢ P. Flora Peruv. ii. 42. tab. 176 a ;—caule angulato ; foliis ovatis, acutis, solitariis, vel geminis, venosis, utrinque villosis, pilis mollibus articulatis ; pedunculis 2-8nisve, gracilibus, erectiusculis ; corolla lutea, venosa; bacca pisiformi, lutescente.—Peruvia, ad Obragillo. This is an annual, growing to the height of 2 feet; the leayes are represented as being 3 inches long, 13 broad, on a petiole of 4 or 5 lines, they are somewhat unequal at base, and covered with long soft pubescence ; the peduncles are from 6 to 9 lines long, the calyx scarcely 2 lines in length, the tube of the corolla 2 lines long, campanulate above, and the lobes of the border, of the same length, are somewhat patent. 2. Larnax Orinocensis. Physalis Orinocensis, H. B. K. in, 12 ;— caule herbaceo angulato, dichotome ramoso ; foliis ovatis, sub- acuminatis, basi imequalibus, et in petiolum decurreutibus, supra glabris, subtus pallidioribus, nervo venisque hirtellis ; floribus geminis, pedunculatis, pendulis ; calyce urceolato- globoso, piloso, 5-dentato, dentibus acutis, pilis articulatis ; corolla infundibuliformi-campanulata, pilosiuscula, limbo5-fido, laciniis obtusis zequalibus ; bacca globosa, pisiformi, calyce ve- sicario aucto reticulato tecta.—Orinoco. Neither this plant nor the following, from their inflorescence ‘or general appearance, accord with Physalis, and so much was Prof. Kunth impressed with this idea, that he adds respecting them, “species anomale, an genus distinctum ?” They appear to agree in all essential respects with the characters of the plant last described. The leaves are from 3 to 33 inches long, 19 to 90 lines broad, on a pubescent petiole of 8 to 10 lines in length. The flowers are 5 lines long; the peduncles 2 lines in flower, 4 lines in fruit. The stamens are included within the corolla and are glabrous. 3. Larnax Xalapensis. Physalis Xalapensis, H. B. K. loc. cit. _13 ;—caule herbaceo, angulato, subdichotome ramoso ; foliis oblongis, acuminatis, basi angustatis et zqualibus, integris, 30 ILLUSTRATIONS OF ciliatis, pilis minutissimis utrinque conspersis ; floribus plu- rimis, subfasciculatis, pedunculis pilosis, calyce, corolla, fruc- tuque ut in precedente.—Mexico, ad Xalapam. This species differs only from the former in its more acuminate leaves, equal at base and pilose on both sides, and in its fasci- culate flowers. ‘The leaves are from 4 to 5 inches long, 20 to 21 lines broad, on a petiole of 12 to 15 lines in length. The flowers resemble those of the former species in size and shape ; they are probably fasciculate, as in the first-mentioned species, and not umbellate, a mode of expression often used by Professor Kunth in that sense, which is the more evident, as he makes no allusion to any general peduncle. MARGARANTHUS. Among the various collections of Mexican and South American plants, I have not been able to find any specimen corresponding with this genus, of which indeed nothing appears to be known, except the description given of it by Prof. Schlechtendal, and the figure drawn by that able botanist from living specimens raised in Halle from seeds received from Mexico. On comparing this with Physalis and its allied genera, it will be seen to differ from them in the smaller size and pale blue colour of its flowers, and particularly in the great contraction of the mouth of the corolla, which gives it a globular instead of a campanular form. The calyx is more entire on its margin, and like Physalis en- larges, becomes vesicular, and incloses a small globular berry ~ with aqueous juice, which becomes exsuccous. I have here amended its character as contrasted with its allied genera. Marearantuvus, Schl.—Calyx urceolato-tubulosus, 5-angularis breviter 5-dentatus, persistens et accrescens. Corolla urceo- lato-globosa, 5-sulcata, imo attenuata, medio ventricosa, ore valde contracta, margine dentibus 5 minutis instructa, intus villosula. Stamina 5, zequalia, inclusa, corolle dimidio bre- viora ; anthere conniventes, 2-lobe, dorso affixe, rima duplici longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovarium globosum, 2-sulcatum, disco carnoso annulari basi immersum, 2-loculare, placentis multiovulatis, medio dissepimenti utrinque adnatis. Stylus simplex, apice attenuatus. Stigma truncatum. Bacca sub- stipitata, 2-locularis, exsucca, pericarpio membranaceo, poly- sperma, calyce inflato, ovoideo, reticulato-venoso, dentibus ore clauso laxe inclusa. Semina orbiculato-reniformia. Embryo in albumen semipellucidum curvatus.—Herba Mexicana dicho- tome ramosa, folus alternis, ovatis, vel ovato-lanceolatis, acutis, petiolatis ; floribus axillaribus, solitartis, parvulis, pedunculatis, nutantibus, sordide carulescentibus. SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 31 1. Margaranthus solanaceus, Schl. (Hort. Halens. i. tab. 1) ;— vaide ramosa, foliis inferioribus obovatis, acutis, imo rotundatis, obsolete dentatis, utrinque fere glabris, venis subpilosis, mar- gineque ciliolatis, superioribus lanceolatis, petiolo canaliculato sparse pubescente.—Mexico (Papantla, Schiede). This plant appears to have very much the habit’of a Physalis ; its lower leaves are 4 inches long, 2} inches broad, on a petiole of 1 to 3 inch ; the upper leaves are 24 inches long, 10 lines broad, on a petiole of half an inch ; the peduncles are 1 line long; the calyx 1 line, and the corolla 2 to 23 lines in diameter ; the calyx inereases to the size of half an inch, is globular in form, retieu- late, and incloses a berry of 3 lines in diameter. NEcTOUXIA. This genus appears to have been little known hitherto except from the details given by Prof. Kunth (Nov. Gen. in. p. 10), where a figure of Nectowxia formosa is given in plate 193 of that work. On comparing a specimen of this genus in the herbarium of Sir Wm. Hooker, I am led to conclude it to be a second spe- cies, as I can hardly imagine that so accurate an observer could have been mistaken. In this species the difference lies in the calycine segments being much narrower, in the greater length of the corolla, in the segments of the border being narrower, in the lower insertion of the stamens, in the longer and more linear anthers, and more especially in the singular expansion of the upper portion of the filament, and finally in the exsertion of the style. Kunth describes his plaut as being herbaceous and not higher than 8 inches, whereas this appears to be a much taller plant. Nectouxia evidently approaches very closely to the genus Salpichroma, and were it not for the remarkable peculiarity of the prominent corona in the mouth of the corolla, it could hardly be distinguished from that genus. Like Salpichroma it possesses the character of its flowers becoming black in drying : the expansion of its filament is also another distinguishing fea- ture. I have not been able to examine its perfect fruit, but it is evidently a berry: the form and structure of its ovarium quite correspond with that of Salpichroma. The following is its amended character :— Necrovxia. Char. emend.—Calyx 5-partitus, laciniis equa- libus, erectis, linearibus, acutis, persistens. Corolla hypocra- teriformi-tubulosa, tubo 5-nervi, 5-angulato, superne paulo ampliato, ealyce 2-plo longiore, limbo patente, 5-partito, laci- niis equalibus, oblongis, acuminato-obtusiusculis, estivatione induplicato-valvatis, fauce in coronam brevem urceolatam ex- sertam 10-nervem 10-dentatam producta. Stamina 5, inclusa, 32 ILLUSTRATIONS OF eequalia: filamenta brevia, supra tubi medium inserta, com- pressa, seepe (an semper ?) superne in laminam membranaceam pandurformem apice acutam subito dilatata : anthere lineari- oblonge, erectze, mucronulatz, medio dorsi affixe, 2-loculares, loculis parallelis, usque ad medium disjunctis, rima longitu- dinali antice dehiscentibus. Ovarium conicum, disco parvo earnoso impositum, 2-locularis, placentis dissepimento utrin- que adnatis, multiovulatis. Stylus filiformis, tubo corolle excedens. Stigma exsertum clavatum emarginato-2-lobum. Cetera ignota.—Herbee perennes Mexicanee fwtide ; folia petio- lata sparsa, superiores subgemina, cordata, integra. Flores so- tari, extra-axillares, pedunculati, cernui. Corolla flava, sicca- tione nigrescens. 1. Nectouxia formosa, H. B. K. iti. 10. tab. 193 ;—herbacea, caule angulato ; foliis cordatis, ovatis, acutis, hirtellis ; calyce piloso-hispido, corolla flava, staminibus tubo haud superan- tibus——Mexico (Real del Monte). This plant is described as being scarcely 8 inches in height with a fusiform root: its leaves, sometimes geminate, are from 14 to 1¢ inch long, and 1 to 1} inch broad, upon a petiole 9 to 10 lines in length : the peduncle of its solitary axile flower is half an inch long, its calycine segments 6 lines, the tube of its corolla 10 lines, the lobes of its border 7 lines and 32 lines broad. 2. Nectouxia bella (n. sp.) ;—herbacea, caule striato ; foliis cor- datis, ovatis, acutis, utrinque sparse et mollissime pubescen- tibus ; flore cernuo, staminibus infra faucem corollz omnino — inclusis, filamentis superne-in ligulam latam membranaceam expansis.—Mexico (Real del Monte, Coulter, no. 1270 ;—circa Tolucam, Andrieux, no. 180). . Although found near the same locality, and in no way differ- ing in the shape of its leaves, its herbaceous stem and tapering root, this plant offers many points of structure at variance with the foregoing species, if we depend upon the usually accurate descriptions of Prof. Kunth. It is double its height, and its leaves are proportionally larger, being often geminate, 23 inches long, 2 inches broad, upon a petiole $ inch in length ; the pedun- cle of its axillary flower is 1 inch long, its narrow linear acute calycine segments are 3 to 3 inch, the tube of its corolla 1 inch to {7 inch im length, and 2 to 3 lines in diameter at the mouth ; the lobes of its border are lanceolate, oblong, very patent, and Zinch long ; the corona, with ten obsolete teeth, protrudes 2 lines be- yond the throat; the stamens, inserted somewhat above the middle of the tube, are 3 lines long ; the ovarium is elongated and point- edly conical, 3 lines long, 3 line at base, and is seated on a pro- SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 3a minent annular ring, and the style and stigma do not exceed the extremity of the corona*. NICANDRA. This genus of Adanson, on account of its augescent vesicular calyx, has been placed near Physalis, but it exhibits much dissi- milarity in its habit, in the blue colour and estivation of its large bell-shaped flowers, and in the structure of its fruit. There is only one recorded species, well known to our gardens, the old Atropa physaloides, Linn., which is manifestly related to Atropa _ and Anisodus on account of the form and imbricate estivation of its corolla and the nature of its fruit ; it differs however from both these genera in the very peculiar character of its calyx, in which respect it approaches Juanulloa, but it does not correspond with that genus either in its habit, the structure of its corolla, or the form of its embryo. It therefore takes its position in the tribe Atropee (huj. op. vol. i. p. 166), and I annex an emended character in conformity with my own observations made upon the living plant. Nicanpra, Adans. Char. emend.—Calyz magnus, 5-partitus, laciniis sagittato-cordatis, acutis, erectis, longitudinaliter re- plicatis, marginibus infra medium valvatim conniventibus, hine pseudo-alatis, angulis basalibus in calcaria 5 uncinata acutis- sima productis, persistens et augescens. Corolla magna, cam- panulata, limbo brevi 5-partito, lobis latis, rotundatis, patenti- reflexis, eestivatione imbricata. Stamina 5, equalia, erecta, corolla triplo breviora, filamenta basi tubi e glandulis totidem trigonis utrinque auriculatis lanato-tomentosis orta, hine for- nicata, erecta, et incurvata; anthere ovate, 2-loculares, imo , cordate, in sinu apicifixe, loculis parallele connatis, rima marginali longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium obovatum, _ disco carnoso crenulato insidens, 5-loculare, ovulis plurimis, — placentis incrassatis axi adnatis. Stylus brevis, longitudine staminum. Stigma quinquelobum, lobis obtusis, glanduloso- papillosis, in capitulum aggregatis. Bacca subsicca, spheerica, . ealyce globoso, membranaceo, valde reticulato, aucto, 5-gono inichaa 3-5-locularis, pericarpio tenuissimo fragih irregulariter rumpente. Semina plurima, reniformia, Ai/o in sinu laterali ; testa scrobiculato-fayosa. Embryo teres, intra albumen car- nosum spiraliter arcuatus, cofyledonibus semiteretibus, radicula angulo basali spectante, hiloque evitante, duplo brevioribus.— Herba suffrutescens Peruana, caulibus plurimis, ramosis, dect- duis ; foliis alternis, superioribus gemims, oe acutis, sinu- ato-incisis, in petiolum longum decurrentibus, g ; flori- * A representation of this species, with sectional details, is given in plate 40. VOL. II. F 34 ILLUSTRATIONS OF bus pedunculatis, solitariis, extra-axillaribus, cernuis, pedunculo fructifero elongato, erecto, apice recurvo. 1. Nicandra physaloides, Gaertn. 1. 237. tab. 1381; Bot. Mag. 2458. Atropa physaloides, Linn. ; Jacq. Obs. iv. tab. 98. Phy- salis daturzefolia, Lam. Ency. ti. 102. Calydermos erosus, R.& P.ii.44. Alkekengi, Feuillé, Obs. 724. tab. 16.—Planta omnino glabra, radice fibrosa, perennante ; caulibus frondosis, ramosissimis, annuis ; foliis glabris, oblongis, acutis, sinuato- incisis, in petiolum longum decurrentibus ; calyce reticulato, nitido, aucto ; corolla magna, azurea, campanulata, fundo al- bido, maculis 5 obscure ceruleis notata.—Peruvia, v. v. This plant is well known in most tropical countries, where it has become almost indigenous ; it is cultivated in the open air in Kew Gardens, from which source an ample opportunity has been afforded of examining its structure in a living state. It grows there to the height of about 5 feet ; in warmer climates it attains a height of 6 or 8 feet ; its leaves are oblong, irregularly inciso- sinuate on the margin, with an acute summit, cuneate at base, and decurrent on the channeled petiole ; they are about 62 inches long, upon a petiole of 1} inch, are about 4 inches broad, and quite glabrous. The peduncle is pendent, about 3 inch in flower, growing to a length of 12 inch in fruit, when it becomes erect and suddenly deflexed at its thickened apex : the calyx is 9 lines long from its base to the point of its segments, or 1 inch long including its basal lobes; the segments are erect, with their margins undulated and connivent with the adjoming ones for their lower half, salient, producing the appearance as if it were 5-winged ; in fruit it preserves the same form, becoming almost globular and vesicular, and of very reticulated texture, with the points of its segments conniving and wholly concealing the berry. The corolla is about twice the length of the calyx, broadly cam- panular, swelling gradually upwards from its middle; the lobes of the border are rounded, somewhat erect and overlapping each other at the base, and suddenly revolute towards their apex, which is very obtuse, with a slight emarginature on each side of a short central point ; the stamens are scarcely one-third of the length of the corolla, arising from as many glands adnate to the base of the tube, forming a kind of fornix about the ovarium, and clothed with densely woolly brachiate hairs ; the filaments above are quite smooth, erect, and incurved at the apex; the style is short, erect, surmounted by a large, globular, woolly or papillose stigma, com- posed of five segments closely connivent ; the ovarium is seated upon a small crenulated yellow gland. The berry is quite glo- bular, about 8 lines in diameter, with three to five cells of unequal | size, haying slender dissepiments, and being filled with an aqueous SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 35 juice and numerous seeds attached to a large central placentation ; the berry when fully ripe becomes dry with its pericarp of thin and brittle texture, being easily ruptured by an irregular lace- ration. The seeds are flattened, reniform and rounded, about 1 line in diameter*. CLIOCARPUS. Among Gardner’s Brazilian plants I have noticed one, which in the shape of its calyx, in the structure of its fruit, and espe- cially in the form of its embryo, comes near Nicandra, but it dis- -agrees in having a woody stem and a wholly different habit ; its calyx does not, as in Nicandra, become thin, membranaceous and reticular, but is thick, somewhat fleshy, and densely covered with stellate tomentum, approaching in its form more to that of Juanulloa, although the shape of its embryo is that of the former genus. Its flower is yet unknown, as the only specimens col- lected were in fruit. On account of the structure of its seed I have placed it for the present next Nicandra, but its exact posi- tion cannot be known until we are acquainted with its floral cha- racters. I have called the genus Cliocarpus from Kdelw, claudo, kaptros, fructus, on account of its fruit being wholly concealed within the enlarged enveloping calyx. The followmg may be taken for its generic character until more ample details can be obtained :— Cxrocarrus (gen. nov.). Flos ignotus.—Calyz fructifer auctus, 5-partitus, laciniis lanceolatis, acutis, longitudinaliter subrepli- catis, marginibus valvatim conniventibus, hinc tubum ventri- cosum sinuoso-5-angulatum, ore 5-dentato fere clausum, simu- lantibus, angulis imo saceatis. Bacca omnino inclusa, globosa, 2-locularis. Semina plurima, placentis dissepimento adnatis affixa, reniformia, compressa ; testa scrobiculata, hilo in sinu laterali. Embryo teres, in albumen carnosum spiraliter arcuatus, cotyledonibus semiteretibus, radicula angulo basali_spectante, hilo evitante, sub-3-plo brevioribus.—Frutex Brasiliensis, dense stellato-tomentosus ; foliis alternis, oblongis, integris, breviter petiolatis ; floribus extra-axillaribus, binis vel solitariis, pedun- culo fructifero cernuo. 1. Cliocarpus Gardneri (n. sp.) ;—foliis obovatis, acuminatis, basi obtuse rotundatis, crassiusculis, supra pubescentibus, subtus dense cano-tomentosis, pilis stipitato-stellatis—Brasilia, ad Arraial das Mercés, Prov. Minas Geraés, v. s. in herb. Hook. (Gardner, 5042). sec ogp This is described as a shrub 6 to 10 feet high; its branches are woody and covered with yellowish tomentum ; the leaves are * This plant with elementary details is shown in ees 43. : F 36 ILLUSTRATIONS OF oblong, acuminated gradually, and sharply attenuated at the apex, rounded or subtruncated, and somewhat inequilateral at base, 3 inches long, 14’ inch broad, upon a thick short petiole of 2 lines in length. The flowers, sometimes in pairs, grow late- rally at the base of the petiole ; the peduncle is refracted, 7 to 1 inch long, and covered with long glandular hairs mixed with shorter stellate pubescence ; the calyx, also tomentose, is 8 lines long, 6 lines across, inclosing a small globular berry 4 lines in diameter*. MarcKEa. Of this genus no further information has hitherto been re- corded beyond the short account first published by Richard, and so little has its affinity been understood, that it was considered by Endlicher as related to the Nicotianee. Its alliance however is evidently with Solandra and Juanulloa, agreeing with the latter genus in the structure of its calyx and fruit, and differing in the hypocrateriform shape of its corolla, with broad, expanded and almost rotate border, and in its scarlet colour. From a plant in Sir William Hooker’s herbarium, with only a single flower and fruit, I have been able to make the following analysis, which in some respects is incomplete, as I was anxious not to injure the specimen. Marcxkea, L.C. Richard. Lamarckea, Pers.—Calyz 5-sepalus, persistens, vix augescens: sepala lanceolata, acuminatissima, imo angustata, primum ultra medium, marginibus ciliatis, in tubum pentagonum valvatim conniventia, hine superne lineari- attenuata, erecta, libera, dein in fructu omnino sejuncta. Co- rolla hypocrateriformis, tubo elongato, cylindrico, fauce sub- inflato, limbo 5-partito, laciniis oblongis, rotundatis, rotato- expansis, subreflexis, zestivatione imbricata. Stamina 5, equa-— lia, paulo supra basin corolle orta, basi lanata, filamenta erecta, tenuia, anthere in faucem corolle inclusz, 2-loculares, lineari- oblongz, lobis disjunctis, puncto medio affixis, rma marginali longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium 2-loculare, placentis e dissepimento utrinque cruciatim tenuiter partientibus, hine in- erassatis undique ovuligeris, ovulis angulo basali nexis, adscen- dentibus. Stylus tenuis, longitudine staminum. Stigma in- tegrum? Bacca fere capsularis, exsucca, evalvis, pericarpio tenui indehiscente, sepalis persistentibus tecta, oblonga, 2-sul- cata, 2-locularis. Semina plurima, imbricatim disposita, ob- longa, acuminata, imo gibba, hilo in angulo basali, adscen- dentia, testa laxa. Embryo intra albumen parcum, carnosum, axillaris, leviter arcuatus, radicula infera tereti, cotyledonibus ovatis, compressis, incumbentibus, squilonga—Suffrutices * This plant is seen in plate 44. SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 37 Guianenses et Antillani scandentes, ramis dependentibus ; folia alterna, petiolata, elliptica, acuta, integra, glabra; racemi axtl- lares ; corolla coccinea. 1. Marckea coccinea, L. C. Rich. Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Par. 107 ; A. Rich. Dict. Class. x. 168. cum icone. Lamarckea coccinea, Pers. Ench. i. 218 ;—scandens, glaberrima ; foliis oblongis, apice subito acuminatis, imo obtusis, nitidis, subcoriaceis ; racemo longe pedunculato, paucifloro, corolla coccinea, calyce 2-3-plove longiore.—Guiana, v. s. in herb. Hook. (Surinam, Hostman, no. 348). This is evidently a scandent plant with slender branches ; the leaves are about 7} inches long, 23 inches broad, upon a some- what slender petiole, somewhat thickened at base, } inch in length ; they are quite smooth and of thick texture ; the peduncle of the raceme is axillary, about 34 inches long, bearing a few flowers, only one remaining in the specimen above referred to ; the pedicel is about | inch in length ; the sepals are 14 inch long, scarcely 3 lines broad in the middle ; the tube of the corolla is 13 inch long, 2 lines in diameter, swelling to half an inch below the mouth; the lobes are 5 lines long, 4 lines broad, rounded, veined, overlapping each other on their margins, and when ex- panded, form a border about 1; inch in diameter ; the insertion of the stamens is about half an inch above the base of the tube, the filaments are very slender, nearly an inch long, and the anthers are 8 lines in length ; the berry is 8 lines long, 4 lines in diameter, apparently quite free of pulp, with a thin pericarp and slender dissepiment, containing numerous divaricate, ascending, imbri- cate seeds, each about 1} line in length*. 2. Marckea? longiflora (n. sp.) ;—scandens, ramulis glabris com- pressis ; foliis alternis, oblongis, apice repente acuminulatis, ¢ medio ad basin subattenuatis, breviter petiolatis, coriaceis, glaberrimis, opacis; racemo sub-brevi, paucifloro ; corolla calyce 4—5-plo longiore, tubo supra medium cylindraceo-campanulato, limbi laciniis ovatis, subreflexis, staminibus inclusis.—Trini- dad, v. s. in herb. Hook. (La Laguna de Ora pouche, Purdie.) This plant corresponds in its habit with Marckea, but the spe- cimen above referred to presents only a single flower in a very bad condition, so that it is impossible to determine with certainty whether or not it belongs to this genus. The leaves are 74 inches long, 3 inches broad, on a somewhat slender petiole thickened at base, and half an inch in length ; they are quite coriaceous, opake but not polished, though entirely glabrous ; they are marked with strong prominent nerves ; the peduncle of the raceme 1s appa- * A representation of this plant, with sectional details, is given in plate 45. 38 ILLUSTRATIONS OF rently about 13 inch long, the pedicel 8 lines ; the calyx exactly corresponds with that of the preceding species, the sepals being nearly an inch long, including their suddenly contracted linear apical points of 3 lines ; they are about 4 lines broad, with nearly parallel margins, which are slightly connivent ; the tube of the corolla is about 3 inches in length, contracted at base for the length of 14 inch to scarcely more than 1} line broad, and swell- ing above to a diameter of half an inch; the lobes of the border are about half an inch in length and 4 or 5 lines in breadth, somewhat obtuse and patent ; the stamens appear to originate in the contraction of the tube, with the anthers considerably below the mouth of the border ; the corolla is of much thinner texture than that of M. coccinea: in the form of its berry and enveloping calyx, the arrangement, size, and shape of its seeds, its lax testa, very thin albumen, and form of its embryo, it quite agrees with the former species. _ SUANULLOA. This little-known genus of the ‘ Flora Peruviana’ was scarcely understood by the botanists of our time, until the very interesting account and excellent figure of a plant raised from seed in the Botanic Gardens of Kew was lately published by Sir Wm. Hooker. This proves to be a very different species from that figured by Ruiz and Pavon, and although generically identical with the Laureria mexicana of Schlechtendal, is again specifically distinct from it.. The genus approaches Solandra in its climbing habit, large coriaceous leaves, and in the general structure of its flower and fruit, agreeing with it also in having a calyx consisting of five distinct sepals, conniving by their edges into an acutely pen- tangular tube, but here they subsequently become quite separate ; it is also dissimilar in the cylindrical form of its corolla, with a small border of five rounded patent lobes, and with included stamens. It likewise approaches Marckea in the structure of its calyx, in which respect it resembles Nicandra and Cliocarpus, with which latter genus it also agrees, in having stellate tomen- tum. I have been able to complete from different sources the following amended generic charactet :— | Juanutoa, R. & P. Prodr. xxvii. tab. 4. Ulloa, Pers. Ench. i. 218. Laureria, Schlecht. Linn. viii. 518. Brugmansia, Sp. hortul.—Calyx coloratus, 5-sepalus, sepalis oblongo-acutis, marginibus subreflexis undulatis valvatim conniventibus, tu- bum inflatum 5-angularem ore coarctatum et 5-dentatum simu- lantibus, dein liberis et persistentibus. Corolla cylindrico- _ tubulosa, medio inflata, carnosula, fauce coarctata, limbo 5-lobo, lobis brevissimis, rotundatis, patentibus, zstivatione imbricata, Stamina 5, zqualia, inclusa, erecta, filamenta in coarctationem SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. ‘ 39 imam corolle inserta, basi villosa, anthere sublineares, 2-lobe, lobis parallels, connectivo lineari dorsali adnatis, intus longi- tudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium conicum, disco carnoso 5- lobo impositum, 2-loculare, multiovulatum, placentis centra- libus incrassatis dissepimento utrinque adnatis. Stylus inclu- sus, apice crassescens. Stigma oblongum, sub-bilabiatum, lobis carnosis, adpressis, intus glandulosis. Bacca ovata, sepalis sejunctis cincta, 2-locularis. Semina plurima in pulpam nidu- lantia, oblonga, vix reniformia, compressa, hilo infra medium laterali. Embryo intra albumen carnosum, fere rectus, radi- cula infera, tereti, paulo incurvata, cotyledonibus oblongis, crassis, compressis, accumbentibus, rectis, duplo longiore.— Suffrutices Peruviani et Mexicani dependentes ; folia alterna, oblonga, integra, coriacea, pube tomentosa stellata plus minusve induta ; racemi terminales penduli ; flores aurantiact, vel punicet. 1. Juanulloa parasitica, R. & P. Fl. Peruv. ii. 47. tab. 185. Ul- loa parasitica, Pers. Ench. i. 218 ;—suffrutex epiphytica, ra- mulis junioribus angulatis, glabris, epidermide tenui rimosa ; foliis oblongis, acuminatis, coriaceis, nitidis, ruguloso-punctu- latis, subtus albido vel flavido-furfuraceis, petiolo canaliculato, tenui, limbo 4-6-plo breviore ; racemis terminalibus, pendulis, dichotome ramosis; calyce magno, ovato, carnoso, colorato, inflato, 5-angulato, laciniis demum sejunctis ; corolla punicea, _ eylindrica, calyce paulo longiore, medio subinflata, fauce coarctata, lobis brevibus rotundatis, patentibus ; bacca cerasi magnitudine punicea, sepalis erectis vestita—In Andibus Peruvianis excelsis, Pozuzo, Prov. Tarme, v. s. in herb. Mus. Brit. (Pavon). The leaves in this species are 53 inches long, 23 inches broad, with a thick channeled petiole of $ inch in length; the raceme is paniculate, 4-5 inches long, the pedicels 3 inch; the calyx, almost glabrous, is 1} inch long, and 3 inch diameter ; the corolla is 13 inch long, 4 lines in diameter in the middle, 3 lines at both extremities, the lobes of the border being scarcely 2 lines in size ; the filaments are 5 lines long, the anthers of equal length, the berry being 1 inch long and } inch in diameter. 2. Juanulloa Mexicana. Laureria Mexicana, Schlecht. Linn. viii. 513. Brugmansia floribunda?, Paawton, Mag. Bot. x. 241. cum icone ;—frutex orgyalis, ramis glabris, epidermide rimosa, junioribus fulvido-tomentosis ; foliis ovatis, v. lato-lanceolatis, utrinque breviter acutis, supra levibus, subtus prasertim in nervis tomento molli stellato tectis, breviter petiolatis ; calyce magno, e sepalis 5, lato-ovatis, imo anguste attenuatis, tertia parte infima in tubum 5-gonum 5-alatum margine cohzeren- tibus, demum sejunetis; corolla calyce paulo longuore, tubu- 40 ILLUSTRATIONS UF losa, sub-5-gona, extus stellato-tomentosa, intus glabra, car- nosa, limbi laciniis brevibus, obtusis: staminibus imo tomen- tosis, inclusis.—Mexico, La Laguna (Schiede) ; v. s. in herb. Hook. (Tenampa, Prov. Vera Cruz, Linden, no. 50). The leaves of this plant are described by Schlechtendal as being from 4 to 6 inches long and from 2 to 3 inches broad, upon a very short petiole of only 3 or 6 lines in length; the calyx is 1} inch long, increasing to 1} inch ; the corolla is 14 inch long, the filaments being 9 lines and the anthers 5 lines in length. Linden’s plant above quoted, I have presumed to be the same species : here the leaves are thick and coriaceous, quite smooth above, clothed below with yellowish stellate down; they are broadly ovate, shortly and suddenly attenuated at the obtuse emarginated apex, 53 inches long, 33 mches broad, on a thick channeled pe- tiole of $ to ¢ inch in length ; the inflorescence is much longer than in any other species, each dichotomous branch forming a distinct raceme of 43 inches in length, bearing the articulations of several flowers towards their apex, which have all fallen off. 3. Juanulloa Hookeriana. Juanulloa parasitica, Hook. Bot. Mag. tab. 4118 ;—frutex subscandens, ramis glabris, incano-glaucis epidermide rimosa, junioribus argenteo-tomentosis: foliis el- liptico-oblongis, utrimque subattenuatis, subcoriaceis, supra levibus, subtus alutaceo-pulverulentis, pilis stellatis subto- mentosis, petiolo glabro, subtenui, canaliculato ; racemo brevi, subpaniculato, terminali, pedicellis brevissimis, crassis ; calyce magno, inflato, 5-angulato, breviter 5-dentato, angulis mox alatis et undulatis, e sepalis lineari-lanceolatis, 3-nerviis, crasso- coriaceis, aurantiaco-pulverulentis, margine coherentibus, de- mum liberis et persistentibus ; corolla cylindracea, imo breviter coarctata, calyce tertio longiore, limbi laciniis ovatis, obtusis, patentibus ; antheris infra faucem arcte conniventibus.—Patria ignota ; v. v. cult. in hort. Kew. The leaves of this species are 5} inches long, 2 inches broad, on a petiole of 3 to $ inch in length ; the terminal inflorescence branches into two or three very short few-flowered racemes, the pedicels being 2 lines in length ; the thick fleshy sepals are of an orange colour, 14 to 13 inch long, $ inch broad, forming by their connivent edges a long and somewhat ventricose pentangular tube, the angles appearing in some degree winged and undulating ; the tube of the corolla is 13 inch long, 4 lines in diameter, very thick and fleshy, of a deep orange colour, externally clothed with fine floccose down, and smooth within, the segments of the bor- der being rounded, barely 3 lines long, and 27 lines broad; the stamens are fixed in the contracted portion of the tube, 3 lines above the base, and are pilose at their origin, quite smooth and SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 41 terete above, erect, 11 lines long; the anthers, with somewhat mucronate apex, are 4 lines long, 1 line broad, adnate to a linear dorsal connective continuous with the filament; the ovarium is conical, seated upon a thick fleshy five-lobed gland, with emar- ginated rounded lobes ; the style is erect, smooth, thickened and hollow towards the summit ; the stigma consists of two oblong, adpressed, semiterete fleshy lobes, lined inside with green viscous glands. 4. Juanulloa Panamensis (n. sp.) ;—frutex subscandens, ramis glabris, anguloso-compressis, epidermide rimosa ; foliis ellip- tico-oblongis, utrinque attenuatis, coriaceis, supra levibus, subtus alutaceo-pulverulentis, pilis stellatis flavidis tomentosis, petiolo glabro, subtenui, canaliculato; racemis brevissimis, - 3-4, terminalibus, aggregatis, floribus sub-umbellatim con- fertis : pedicellis calyce fere equilongis, demum in fructu apice incrassatis duplo longioribus ; calyce breviore pseudo-angulato, sepalis demum liberis, lanceolatis, acutis, basi latis, carnosis, aurantiaco-pulverulentis ; corolla cylindracea, imo oreque co- arctata, supra medium inflata, calyce fere 3-plo longiore, ner- vis 5 prominentibus, limbi laciniis brevissimis, obtusiusculis, staminibus inclusis ; bacca oblonga, stylo persistente apiculata, sepalis coriaceis sejunctis cincta.—Panama, v. s. in herb. Hook. Veraguas (Seemann, no. 1200). This species bears much resemblance in the form and size of its leaves to J. Hookeriana, but its inflorescence is very different, its calyx not half the size, the sepals less acuminate, the corolla longer and more contracted in its lower half. The leaves are 5 inches long, 21 inches broad, on a petiole } to $ inch in length ; they have a silvery lustre beneath, although covered somewhat more sparsely with yellow stellate or rather brachiate tomentum, The racemes, almost fasciculate at the apex of the branch, are scarcely more than of an inch in length ; the pedicels are > inch long in flower, 1 inch long in fruit; the sepals are little more than % inch long and $ inch broad at base, and do not increase in size, but remain erect, separated, coriaceous, and ee the ovate berry, 3 inch long, 4 inch diameter, crowned by the long, slender, persistent style ; the seeds are 2 lines long, nearly a line in breadth, and they have afforded the structural features given in the generic character*. SARCOPHYSA. Among the plants collected by Goudot and Purdie in New Granada, is one that nearly approaches Solandra, Juanulloa and * A representation of this species with sectional details, and an analysis of the flower of J. Hookeriana, are shown in plate 46. VOL. II. G 42 ILLUSTRATIONS OF Marckea, not only in its scandent habit, with large coriaceous leaves, but in the form of its corolla. It differs however from those genera in having a large, ovate, fleshy, tubular calyx, which is much inflated in the middle, with a remarkably contracted mouth, bursting irregularly with the growth of the fruit, and not divided into distinct sepals as in the other genera above-men- tioned ; it is also distinguishable from" Juanulloa by its long, handsome, tubular corolla. Its name is derived from capé, caro, and dvcn, vesica, because of its fieshy inflated calyx. Sarcornysa (gen. noy.).—Calya magnus, coloratus, ovatus, in- flato-tubulosus, crasso-carnosus, ore coarctato, breviter 5-par- tito, laciniis acutis, erectis, persistens, sed non augescens. Corolla cylindrico-tubulosa, tubo medio subinflato, calyce 3-plo longiore, limbo breviter 5-lobo, lobis acutis reflexis, staminibus styloque inclusis. Bacca ovata, his basi apiculata, calyce coriaceo irregulariter fisso vestita. Cztera ignota.—Suffrutex scandens Nove Granade, folia alterna, ovata, coriacea ; racemi penduli, pauciflores ; corolla speciosa. 1. Sarcophysa speciosa (n. sp.) ;—ramis dependentibus, dense tomentosis ; foliis ovatis, basi obtusis, apice breviter angustatis, crasso-coriaceis, nervis profunde impressis, supra glaberrimis, minute ruguloso-punctulatis, subtus flavido-tomentosis, pilis stellato-brachiatis, petiolo crasso, reflexo, canaliculato, sub- brevi ; calyce magno, colorato ; corolla punicea ?, calyce duplo longiore, extus subtomentosa ; bacca magna, calyce vix aucto, fisso, equilongo, inclusa.—Nova Granada, v. s. in herb. Hook, (Quindiu et Palmas, Goudot ; Quindiu, Purdie). This appears to bea scandent plant ; its leaves are quite smooth above, with a finely rugulose or shagreened surface ; below they are, as well as the petiole, covered with a dense orange-coloured and short tomentum ; they are 4 inches long, 23 inches broad, on a thick channeled petiole half an inch long; the flowers appear racemose ; the calyx 13 inch long, nearly an inch in diameter ; the corolla is 23 inches in length, 8 lines diameter in the middle, - contracted at both extremities to 5 lines, with oblong triangular teeth, 3 lines long; the berry unripe is 1} inch long, 3 inch dia- meter, surrounded by the persistent coriaceous calyx, which is irregularly split on one side to the base ; the hairs of the tomen- tum are distinctly brachiate*. | Ecrozoma. . In the Pavonian herbarium, preserved in the British Museum, I have noticed a plant that offers much analogy with the fore- * This species is shown in plate 47. SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 43 - going genera, agreeing with all the So/andree in its habit, its coriaceous leaves, and terminal paniculated inflorescence, and although its flowers are much smaller, they agree in having a fleshy tubular corolla with five short lobes, which are imbricated in eestivation. They present the unusual character of the insertion of the stamens upon a free perigynous ring, as in Triguera, but with the peculiarity of being adnate upon its external face ; hence the derivation of its generic name, from éxros, extra, and fama, cingula. In most cases where the stamens spring from a perigynous ring, the filaments originate from its inner face, as in Salpichroma, or from its margin, as in Triguera ; but we have a somewhat ana- logous case in Campanula medium, where -the filaments are di- stinctly adnate upon the back of the large, broad processes, that form the fornix around the base of the style, peculiar to that genus. Its generic features may be characterized as follows :— Ecrozoma (gen. nov.).—Calyx campanulatus, brevis, crassus, sub- sequaliter 5-dentatus, dentibus triangularibus, erectis. Corolla breviter tubulosa, medio subinflata, crasso-carnosa, limbo 5- lobo, lobis suborbicularibus, zestivatione imbricatis. Stamina 5, eequalia, inclusa, filamenta brevissima, compressa, € dorso an- nuli perigyni liberi tenuis margine ciliati orta. Anthere ob- longz, imo subcordate, apice mucronulate, lobis coriaceis con- nectivo dorsali lineari parallele adnatis, margine longitudina- liter dehiscentibus. Ovarium obovatum. Stylus erectus. Stig- ma fere exsertum, globosum, sub-2-lobum. Fructus ignotus.— Suffrutex Ecuadorensis, glaberrimus, subscandens? ; folia alterna, ovata, vix acuta ; inflorescentia paniculata, terminalis. 1. Ectozoma Pavonii ;—glaberrima, ramulis compressis, suban- gulatis, epidermide rimosa ; foliis late ovatis, basi apiceque ob- tusiusculis, vix acutis, crasso-coriaceis, supra impresso-punc- tulatis, venis insculptis, subtus pallidis, venis prominentibus, petiolo crasso canaliculato ; racemis paniculatis, 2-3, termi- ~ nalibus; floribus breviter pedicellatis, calyce carnoso auran- tiaco, piloso, pilis brevibus articulatis ; corolla carnosa, auran- tiaca, glabra, limbi laciniis crassiusculis—Guayaquil, v. s. i herb. Mus. Brit. (Pavon). This plant bears much resemblance in its habit to Juanulloa and Sarcophysa. Its branchlets are much compressed, covered with a shining peeling bark; the leaves are 5 inches long, 33 inches broad, on a thick channeled petiole of half an inch in length. Its paniculate branching raceme is about 2 inches long, each pedicel is 1 line long ; the calyx, 4 lines in length and 3 lines in diameter, is very fleshy and rugosely pilose, and is divided to one-third its length into five equal erect teeth ; the tube of the corolla is 3 lines long, and the circular lobes of its “ged 1 line G 44. ILLUSTRATIONS OF in diameter, the tube is somewhat narrowed at its base and in the throat; the antheriferous free ring arises in the constriction of the tube. It is possible that in the specimen referred to, the flowers are only in a young state, and that when fully grown they may assume a somewhat greater development, but I give the description in accordance with the specimen as it exists *. SoLANDRA. I notice this genus, in order to confirm what has been already advanced respecting it in the preceding volume of this work p. 176, when I endeavoured to show that its relation is decidedly with Juanulloa, Marckea and Sarcophysa, constituting with these genera a distinct tribe of the Atropacee or Atropinee, and in no degree related to Datura, with which it has been classed by all botanists heretofore. It will be seen to approach Juanulloa in its large tubular calyx, which splits generally on one side, in consequence of the growth of its large fleshy berry, in the struc- ture of which there exists a considerable resemblance in both ge- nera, but it differs from that genus, in its much larger and more campanular corolla. It bears also great analogy with Brunsfelsia, in its large, yellow, fleshy border, with five rounded lobes, greatly fimbriated on their margins, and deeply imbricated in estivation, and also in its large berry filled with pulp ; but it differs from this last-mentioned genus, in its general habit and in the structure of its stamens. It will serve to connect the Solandree with the Brunsfelsiee, and in the linear arrangement shown in the tabular view, p. 166, as above quoted, it should have been placed below Ectozoma, and immediately preceding Brunsfelsia. I have not been able to examine its seeds or to find any analysis of its struec- ture, any farther than that the embryo is said to be arcuate; in this respect it will probably resemble Juanulloa, Marckea and Franciscea, where it is terete, nearly straight or only slightly’ _ bent, with short, ovate cotyledons. The following is offered as an amended generic character :— Soranpra, Swartz. (Char. emend.)—Calyx 5-sepalus, per- sistens ; sepala lanceolata, acuta, marginibus in tubum longum, cylindraceum, 5-angulatum, inzequaliter et breviter 2-3-par- titum, demum hine fissum, valvatim conniventia. Corolla magna, inferne valde coarctata, carnosa, cylindracea, 5-gona, superne ventricoso-campanulata, crassa, 5-nervis, venis anasto- mosantibus, limbo 5-partito, laciniis revolutis subequalibus rotundatis margine inciso-crispatis, estivatione valde imbri- eatis. Stamina 5, equalia, ad constrictionem tubi inserta, * A representation of this plant with details is shown in plate 48. SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 45 inclusa ; filamenta glabra, subulata, erecta, cum stylo decli- nantia ; anthere approximate, oblong, basi subcordate, sub- 4-gonz, apicifixee, 2-loculares, margine longitudinaliter dehis- centes. Ovarium conicum, 2-loculare, placentis cum dissepi- mento cruciformibus, hine in loculis centralibus, valde incras- satis, lunulatis, undique seminigeris. Stylus tenuis, sub- exsertus, declinatus, superne subrecurvus. Stigma parvum, sub-2-lobum, intus glandulosum. Bacca calyce fissa cincta, ovata, apice conica, imo e placentis cum pericarpio demum connatis breviter sub-4-locularis, superne 2-locularis ; semina plurima, oblonga, compressa, reniformia, in pulpam carnosam nidulantia. Embryo intra albumen carnosum arcuatus.— Frutices sarmentose Antillane et Mexicane; folia alterna, ad apicem ramorum conferta, obovato-oblonga, integra, subcarnosa ; flores terminales, solitarii, rarius 2- vel 8-ni, maximi, albido- lutescentes, rubro-picti. 1. Solandra grandiflora, Swartz, Act. Holm. 1787, 300. tab. 11; Fil. Ind. Oc. i. 387. tab. 9; Rehb. Fl. Exot. ii. 41. tab. 184; Jacq. Hort. Sch. i. 21. tab. 45 ; Salish. Linn. Trans. vi. 100. tab.6; Meen, Exot. Pl. Kew. tab. 6; Bot. Mag. tab. 1874; Tus- sac, Fl. des Antilles, ii. 49. tab. 12. S. scandens, Wild. Relig. Rom. Sch. iv. 700. Datura sarmentosa, Lam. Encycel. vii. 468 ; —viscido-pubescens, caule sarmentosa, radicante; foliis alternis, aggregatis, petiolatis, obovato-oblongis, acuminatis ; floribus terminalibus, solitariis, rarius 2-3 aggregatis, laciniis corollz obtusissimis, crenato-laciniatis, antheris sublunatis, 4-cornibus, apiculatis, basi parum fissis, genitalibus subexsertis.—Jamaica. 2. Solandra nitida, Zuccag. Cent. Roem. Coll. 128. no. 40. Port- landia grandiflora, Hort. Batav. ;—caule arborescente, ramis flexilibus, elongatis, divaricatis, cortice rimoso ; foliis glaber- rimis, nitidis; flore glabro, calyce 4-fido, corolle limbo 6-7- fido, segmentis rotundatis, crenato-undulatis, revolutis; an- theris 2-cornutis.—Jamaica. 3. Solandra guttata, D. Don. Bot. Rey. tab. 1551; Tecomaxochitl, Hern. Mex. 408. cum icone ;—frutex erectus, ramosus, ramis foliorum lapsorum cicatricibus hispidis ; foliis late elliptico-ob- longis, acutis, subtus lanuginosis ; floribus terminalibus, soli- tartis; calyce tubuloso, 3-dentato, dentibus inzequalibus, acutis ; corolla ampla, pallide lutea, fauci purpureo-maculata, tubo longiori infundibuliformi, limbi laciniis latissimis, rotundatis, crispato-undulatis.— Mexico. DyssocHROMA. A recent inquiry into the different species of Solandra, with the view of determining the true limits of that genus, has con- 46 ILLUSTRATIONS OF vinced me that a considerable difference of structure exists be- tween Solandra grandiflora and S. viridiflora ; wpon comparing these carefully, we cannot fail to arrive at the conviction, that these two species must be held to be generically distinct. In the former instance, the calyx has the shape of a large and cylin- drical tube, irregularly cleft in the mouth into three unequal rather short teeth; it does not increase in size, but, in consequence of the growth of the fruit, splits on one side, by a longitudinal fissure, to the base ; in S. viridiflora, on the contrary, the calyx consists of five, very distinct, lanceolate divisions, all free to the base, which at first are slightly connivent. by their somewhat thickened margins, but which are easily, and soon become, sepa- rated into distinct sepals. The corolla in Solandra grandiflora is much larger, more campanulate, of thicker consistence, of a yel- lowish colour, with deep red nervures, and with a border of five large rounded lobes, remarkably crenated or fimbriated on their margin, and these are considerably imbricated in zstivation, one lobe being quite interior, and another altogether exterior: the stamens are also very glabrous. On the contrary, in S. viridiflora, the corolla, of a greenish lurid white, is deeply divided (half-way ‘ down) into five equal, revolute, lanceolate, acuminated and entire segments, which are quite valvate in estivation, and connivent by their somewhat inflected tomentose margins : the stamens are swollen and very sericeously pilose at their base ; in drying, both calyx and corolla become black, which does not occur in the true species of Solandra: in the latter genus the flowers are always terminal, whereas in S. viridiflora they are solitary and axillary, or at least grow out of several nearly terminal axillary fascicles of leaves: there are somie other minor points of difference that will be traced in the details of the characters described. From these facts it will be seen that the new genus, of which the So- landra viridiflora may be considered the type, must be referred to the true Solanacee, and that it wiil belong to the Jaborosee, serving to connect that tribe with the Jochromee, and closely allied to Salpichroma and Nectouxia. I have called it Dysso- chroma, from dvcco0s, ager, and ypdsa, color, on account of the lurid sickly green colour of its large flowers, which become black as they wither, or lose their moisture in drying, a character com- mon to all the Jaborosee. I have not been able to examine the embryo of this genus, but we may expect it will prove very differ- ent in form from that of Solandra. The following may be consi- dered as its generic character :— DyssocHROMA, gen. nov.— Calyx magnus, 5-sepalus, persistens ; sepala lanceolata, acuminatissima, primum marginibus in tu- bum 5-angulatum conniventibus, semicylindrica, demum li- ~ SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 47 bera, erecta. Corolla carnosa, tubo imo cylindrico, angulato, superne infundibuliformi, aut ventricoso-campanulato, 15- nervi, limbo xquilongo, 5-partito, laciniis zqualibus, longe lanceolatis, acuminatissimis, integris, 3-nerviis, circinato-revo- lutis, zstivatione valvatis, marginibus tomentellis, subintro- flexis. Stamina 5, wqualia, ad gconstrictionem tubi adnata, erecta, longissime exserta ; filamenta subulata, imo incrassata, et sericeo-pilosa, superne glabra ; anthere lineares, apice mu- cronulate, imo cordate, in sinu dorsi affixze, 2-loculares, locu- lis connectivo angusto parallele adnatis, intus longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Stylus erectus, staminibus longiusculus, apice incrassatus. Svigma 2-lobum, lobis oblongis, adpressis, intus et marginibus recurvis glanduloso-viscosis. Ovarium conicum, disco carnoso magno impositum, 2-loculare, placentis centra- hbus dissepimento adnatis, multiovulatis. Bacca; cetera ig- - nota.—Suffrutices Brasilienses, scandentes, glabre ; folia al- terna, in ramis laxa, in turionibus florentibus fasciculatis, ellip- ticis, acuminatis : flores pedunculati, e fasciculis solitarii, cernui, stccitate nigricantes ; corolla albido-viridescens. 1. Dyssochroma viridiflora. Solandra viridiflora, Sims, Bot. Mag. tab. 1948 ; Link & Otto, Ic. Pl. sel. 101. tab. 47 ;—foliis el- liptico-oblongis, utrinque attenuatis, glabris, petiolatis, deci- duis ; floribus magnis, solitariis, calyce glaberrimo, corolla tubo ‘viridescente, limbo lurido-albescente.—Brasilia, Prov. Rio de Janeiro, v. v. et s. in herb. meo et Hook. (Gardn. no. 502). I found this plant growing at Tejuca and in the Organ moun- tains : it is altogether glabrous: the stems are sarmentose, and in the younger branches the leaves grow in dense fascicles, which, as they fall off, leave them covered with crowded cicatrices, giving them an areolate rugose appearance ; these terminate in a straight, angular, smooth stem, covered with a shining bark that readily peels off ; the axils here are from 1} to 2 inches apart, and each solitary petiole is articulated in a projecting cup, from which a sharp ridge becomes decurrent on the stem below it ; the leaves are 43 inches long, 2 inches broad, on a channeled petiole } to ; inch in length ; the peduncle is 3 inch long ; the calyx 14 inch in length, } inch diameter ; the corolla including the lobes, at the period of opening, is 4 inches long, and when the segments are coiled back, 2 inches long; the cylindrical portion of the tube, } inch long, is included within the calyx, from which point it becomes gradually funnel-shaped, and a little below the mouth is somewhat ventricose, and about 1 inch in diameter, the lobes of the border being 13 inch in length and 5 lines broad at base ; these are marked by three parallel nerves which are continued along the tube ; the stamens and style are exserted 1$ inch be- 48 TLLUSTRATIONS OF yond the mouth of the tube, the anthers being 6 lines long and a line broad ; the style thickens towards the summit, and.is ter- minated by a stigma formed of two adpressed lobes, lined within by a thick viscous gland; the ovarium is about 3 lines in dia- meter and 3 lines in height, quite conical, and seated on a large fleshy and coloured gland. « 2. Dyssochroma longipes? Solandra longipes, Sendt. in Mart. & Endl. Fl. Bras. vi. 159; Walp. Rep. vi. 573 ;—fruticosa, glabra, foliis congestis, glabris, utrinque acutis, integerrimis ; floribus nutantibus ; pedicellis calycem subzequantibus, vel su- perantibus, fructiferis valde elongatis : calyce 5-partito ; corolla infundibuliformi, e basi sensim dilatata, limbo breviter 5-fido, laciniis acutis revolutis: stigmate longissimo spatio in stylum decurrente.—Brasilia australi. The above is all the information I have been able to obtain of this species : it will be seen to differ in no respect from the pre- ceding one (as far as we may judge from the foregoing characters) except in the shorter lobes of the corolla: the gradual dilatation of the corolla, without any sudden ventricose enlargement, is very often seen in D. viridiflora. CacaBvus. This genus was first proposed by Bernhardi for a Peruvian plant of Dombey’s collection, which was many years before ac- curately described and figured by L’Heritier (Stirp. Nov. Angl. p- 43. tab. 22), under the name of Physalis prostrata, and which — appears to have since escaped farther notice: I find other spe- cies allied to it, which are all distinguished by their inflated calyx, generally of very delicate texture, remarkably reticulated, marked by dark green lines and veins, and which, swelling after the fall of the flower, eventually incloses the fruit, as in Physalis and several other genera. They have all herbaceous stems, are of a prostrate or straggling habit, and they bear a very striking re- semblance to No/ana, especially in their fleshy flexuose branches, often geminate leaves, large campanular blue flowers, with a somewhat pentangular border, and marked with fifteen longitu- dinal nervures, as in that genus: the stamens are also included and somewhat unequal in size: indeed so near is this similarity in external appearance, in one species, that I have constantly passed over, without suspicion, a specimen of Mathews’s collec- tion, named by him “ Nolana spathulata, R. & P.,” which I did not consider it necessary to examine, as it was not in fruit. There exists in Sir William Hooker’s herbarium, a plant be- longing to this genus, which appears to correspond well with the deseription of the Nolana inflata of the ‘ Flora Peruviana,’ a spe-. cies which its authors neither saw nor examined, the drawing SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 49 and details there given having been furnished by their draughts- man Tafalla, who probably never looked to the structure ofthe _ fruit, concluding the plant to be similar to the other species of Nolana there described: it is to be observed, that these species are as yet quite unknown to modern botanists, except from those descriptions, and may therefore be doubted as appertaining to that genus. In all the specimens I have examined belonging to the genus Cacabus, the ovarium is 2-celled, with a slender membranaceous dissepiment, along the axile line of which, the free placente are respectively attached at right angles; these are furcated and fleshy, extending near to the walls of the pericarp, so that when the fruit is cut open, the dissepiment being scarcely visible, the placentations, with the attached seeds, appear disposed in a some- what cruciform shape, seemingly as if the berry were 4-locular. The fruit, according to L’Heritier (loc. cit.), is a berry with an aqueous juice, as in Nicandra, and which, upon becomin leaves a subcapsular, brittle, valveless shell, and which is bilocular with a membranaceous partition : as in Physalis, this berry is in- closed within a much larger ventricose calyx. Upon the summit of the ovarium and of the immature berry is seen a small flattened prominent gland, out of which the style originates: this bears much analogy to the larger epigynous gland so conspicuous in the ovarium of Hyoscyamus, and to which is attributable the peculiar mode of dehiscence in the fruit of that genus; but in Cacabus there is no such opercular dehiscence, although the gland is visible in the apex of the cells after the opening of the pericarp ; a similar disc exists also in Thinogeton. I propose for this genus the following character :— Cacasus, Bernh. — Calyx ventricosus, urceolato-subglobosus, membranaceus, inflatus, 10-angularis, 5-dentatus, dentibus inzequalibus, acutis, erectis, angulis nervosis, persistens et ac- crescens. Corolla campanulata, tubo imo breviter coarctato, subito ampliato, limbo campanulato, magno, margine explanato, subintegro, sinuato-pentangulari, 15-nervi, nervis in angulis ternatim parallelis, sstivatione ignota. Stamina 5, inclusa, fere qualia ; filamenta ad coarctationem tubi adnata, filiformia ; anthere ovales, erectz, 2-lobz, lobis parallele adnatis, margine longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium ovatum, substipi- tatum, apice glandulo parvo carnoso donatum, 2-loculare, pla- centis dissepimento tenuissimo utrinque adnatis, cruciatim dis- positis, et demum divaricatim 2-fidis, multiovulatis. Stylus filiformis, longitudine staminum. Stigma elongatum, 2-lamel- latum, lobis crassis subeonniventibus intus stigmatosis. Bacca intra calycem auctum, vesiciformem, venoso-membranaceum, VOL. II. H 50 ILLUSTRATIONS OF reticulate pictum inclusa, subrotunda, exsucca, cortice fragili evalvato, 2-locularis, dissepimento tenui, placentis subcruciatis seminigeris. Semina numerosa, subreniformia, compressa, testa rugosa, hilo laterali marginali. Embryo intra albumen carnosum teres, subannularis, radicula angulo basali spectante et hilo evitante, cotyledonibus semiteretibus seequilonga.— Herb Americe meridionalis prostrate, subsuccose, pilose, Nolane Sacie ; folia in axillis alterna, geminata, ovata, sinuato-angulosa, petiolata; flores gemini, extra-axillares, pedunculati; corolla violacea. 1. Cacabus prostratus, Bernh. Linn. xiii. p. 360. Physalis pro- strata, L’ Herit. loc. cit.; Jacq. Ic. Pl. Rar. Am. tab.38; Andrews, Rep. tab. 75 ; Nees ab Esenb. Linn. vi. p. 480. P. Limensis, Retz. Observ. v. p.22. Physaloides prostrata, Minch. Method. ; —herbaceus, annuus, pilis articulatis patentibus vestitus, caule prostrato ; ramulis dichotome flexuosis ; foliis radicalibus op- positis, caulinis alternis, et geminis, altero minori, late ovatis, sinuato- vel repando-angulatis, basi subineequalibus, obtusis, supra glabris, subtus villosis, margine ciliatis, longe petiolatis, petiolo canaliculato dilatato, ciliato, folio wquilongo: pedun- culis solitariis vel geminis, in axillis lateralibus, floriferis erectis, demum reflexis, elongatis ; corolla ezrulea, imo albido- radiata ; bacca globosa, glandulo parvo epigyno apiculata, calyce membranaceo multo majori recondita.—Peruvia, in ma- ritimis ? ad Chancay et Chorillos, Prov. Limz.—. s. in herb. Soc. Lin. (ex hort. cult.); in herb. Hook. (Palaria, ad sinum “los Chorillos” dictum, MacLean). It is unnecessary to offer any detailed account of this species, as we find so excellent an account of it given by L’Heritier, who described it from living plants, at that time growing in England ; it seems however to have been long lost to our gardens, although it was cultivated in Lee’s nursery grounds in 1798, accord- ing to the specimen preserved in Sir J. E. Smith’s herbarium. ’ The leaves are from 2 to 23 inches long, 12 to 13 inch broad ; they are finely reticulated, with a number of raised minute dots in each areole ; the petiole is about 2 inches long, the flowers are quickly fugacious ; the corolla is 1 inch long and 1 inch dia- meter across the mouth, the contracted base of the tube being 3 lines in length ; the filaments are 3 lines long, slender, and hairy below ; the fructiferous calyx is white, and almost transpa- rent, hairy, globose, contracted in the mouth, with ten longitudinal nervures and anastomosing reticulations of a dark green colour, and is half an inch in diameter ; the inclosed berry, when ripe, is 3 lines in diameter, 2-celled, with bifurcate placente bearing a number of minute rugose seeds ; it is quite devoid of pulp ; the SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 51 pericarp is membranaceous, indehiscent, and its apex is marked with a callous discoid process, resulting from the hardening of its epigynous gland. 2. Cacabus Nolanoides (n. sp.) ;—herbaceus, molliter villosus, caule striato, dichotome ramoso ; foliis geminis, altero multo minori, ovatis, crassiusculis, undulato- vix sinuato-angulosis, margine ciliatis, basi ineequalibus, utrinque glabris, inferne nervis pilo- sulis, petiolo late dilatato, ciliato, folii longitudine ; floribus solitarius, lateraliter extra-axillaribus, pedunculo florifero erecto, fructifero reflexo, corolla cerulea : calyce inflato, membranaceo, — 10-nervi, reticulatim picto.—Peruvia, v. s. in herb. variis (Mathews, no. 839, sub nomine Nolane spathulata). The leaves of this species are nearly oval, 4 inches long, 23 inches broad, upon a fleshy dilated petiole, with winged ciliate margins, 2} inches long and nearly 2 lines broad, subamplexicaul at base. The peduncle in flower is 1} inch long, the calyx is 6 lines long and 4 lines broad, the corolla is 14 inch long, and 1; inch across its somewhat expanded and nearly entire border. The peduncle in fruit is reflexed, 1} inch long ; the enlarged calyx is 8 lines long and 7 lines broad, the inclosed berry measuring 3 lines in diameter. This plant, which so greatly resembles the figure of Nolana spathulata in the ‘ Flora Peruviana,’ differs from it in the size of its leaves, the length of the petiole, the shape of the calyx, the size of its corolla, its more entire, not deeply-lobed border, the shape of its stigma, its vesicular calyx, not fleshy and subsequently bipartite, and finally by the very different structure of its fruit. It agrees in many respects however with the de- scription of the text*. 3. Cacabus? inflatus. - Nolana inflata, R. & P. Flor. Peruv. ii. p- 7. tab. 112. fig. a ;—herbaceus, pedalis, prostratus, annuus, foliis radicalibus confertis, oblongis, in petiolum longum imo decurrentibus, caulinis geminatis, ovatis, subobtusis, basi in- eequalibus, breviter petiolatis, petiolo dilatato ; floribus geminis, ex axillis lateraliter ortis, corolla speciosissima, albo-violacea ;_ fructu calyce striato, ventricoso, incluso.—Peruvia (in arenosis Proy. Arequipe). ; From its inflated calyx, there is every reason to conclude that this plant belongs to this genus, rather than to Nolana. It was ~ not seen by Ruiz and Pavon, being only known to them from the sketch sent them by their draughtsman Tafalla ; the fruit is not described as consisting of distinct carpels, but as “ semina 4-locu- laria,” which may have been construed from “fructus 4-locularis,” * A drawing of this species, with generic details, is shown 5 plate 49. H 52 ILLUSTRATIONS OF which the fruit of Cacabus almost appears to be, from its project- ing placente. It has a prostrate habit, is about a foot long, its radical leaves are 4 inches in length, 2 inches broad, upon a pe- tiole 13 to 2 inches: the cauline leaves are 1! inch long, 1 inch broad, on a petiole of 3 lines; the peduncles are 1} inch, the calyx 8 lines long, swollen in the middle, 4 lines in diameter, and 10-nerved : the corolla is nearly 2 inches long, 13 inch diameter across the mouth, which is obsoletely 5-lobed. In all the other species of Nolana mentioned in the work above referred to, the calyx is described as being deeply 5-cleft, with the divisions sagittate or cordate at the base, as in our well-known garden species Sorema prostrata ; but in the plant under consideration the calyx is said to be distinctly ventricose and striated, which agrees with the character of Cacabus. THINOGETON. This interesting genus was founded by Mr. Bentham upon one of the plants collected on the coast of the Pacific, near Guayaquil, during the voyage of the ‘Sulphur ;’ it is identical with Dictyo- calyz, proposed by Dr. Hooker for a plant obtained by Mr. Dar- win in one of the islands of the Gallapagos group. In many respects its characters approach so closely upon Cacabus, that some might feel disposed to consider them as congeneric; its habit, however, is not so herbaceous, its stems are more strag- gling, terete, and though fistulose, are more woody ; the petiole is rounder, thicker, and grows to an unusual length (three or four times that of the blade) after the full growth of the leaf : the corolla is less campanular, more infundibuliform, and after the impregnation of the ovarium, coils up spirally as in Convol- vulus, and remains attached to the calyx until the fruit is ma- tured; the stamens are more unequal and shorter, the filaments _ Jess slender and more arched at their origin than in Cacabus ; the epigynous gland crowning the ovarium is much larger, more than hemispherical, being gradually lost in the texture of the more slender basal portion, while in Cacabus it is distinct, prominent, and much smaller, rising on the summit of the germen, like a small bulbular expansion of the style. A still more marked dif- ference is seen in the calyx, which in the florescent state in Thi- nogeton, is of much smaller diameter, quite tubular and invests the contracted base of the corolla; it is of thicker texture, and marked by ten prominent fleshy ribs, tapering gradually into the peduncle: in Cacabus, on the contrary, the calyx is at least three times the diameter of the base of the corolla, is more or less globular, of extremely thin and transparent texture, venously re- ticulated, plicated and deeply 5-angular, the angles being saccate at base; the peduncle in Thinogeton, after the impregnation of SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 53 the ovarium, becomes immediately deflexed, grows to four times its former length, and is afterwards much thickened at its apex : the teeth do not increase in size, but the tube, as in Physalis, becomes somewhat vesicular, reticulated, and 10-ribbed ; expands to three times its former length, and five times its breadth, its texture remaining much thicker, when compared with the greatly inflated and delicately membranaceous web, which encloses the berry in Cacabus. The structure of the ovarium is similar to that of the last-mentioned genus, but the furcated placentz are again divided, and secrete an aqueous juice, in which the seeds are nourished ; the dissepiment remains membranaceous, but the placente at length become hard and woody, and the cells dry and capsular, while in Cacabus the pericarp, the placentze and the dissepiment are all more or less membranaceous. The fruit, though somewhat fragile, does not burst by an opercular line, as in Hyoscyamus, because of the very gradual attenuation and absorption of its epigynous gland into the substance of the pericarpial membrane, not less than on account of the thickening and indurescence of the dissepiment and placente : for these rea- sons, it does not open by a sharp horizontal line, as in that genus, but remains a brittle, indehiscent putamen, with a tendency to break by an irregular transverse line in its thinnest part. Tainoceton, Bth. Char. ampl.—Calyz tubulosus, 10-striatus ad medium 5-partitus, laciniis acutissimis, erectis, subzequa- hbus, persistens et augescens. Corolla infundibuliformis, tubo imo coarctato, dein gradatim ampliato, 15-nervio, limbo 5-fido, lobis brevibus subinzequalibus, 3-angularibus. Stamina 5, in- clusa, inzequalia, corolla 3-plo breviora ; filamenta in coare- tationem tubi inserta, hine fornicata, erecta, gracilia ; anthere conniventes, oblongz, apicifixee, 2-loculares, loculis parallele adnatis, rima marginali dehiscentibus. Ovarium ovatum, 2- loculare, dissepimento tenui, placentis cruciformibus utrinque adnatis, in locellis furcatis, carnosis, undique ovuligeris. Sty- lus leviter curvatus, filiformis, staminibus excedens. Stigma spathulato-dilatatum, compressum, sub-2-labiatum. Bacca ex- sicca, intra calycem auctum vesiciformem, venoso-reticulatum, 10-costatum inclusa, subglobosa, cortice coriaceo, superne cras- siore, inferne subfragili, evalvato, 2-locularis, placentis fur- eatis coriaceis, seminibus plurimis gerentibus. Semina eom- pressa, subreniformia, testa scrobiculata, hilo laterali, margi- nali. Embryo intra albumen carnosum teres, subspiralis, ra- dicula angulo basali spectante, hilo evitante, cotyledonibus se- miteretibus paulo longiore.—Herbee Americe intertropice pro- strate, subpilose, subcarnose, Convolvuli facie ; foliis alternis, axillaribus, oblongis, acutis, sinuato-incisis, vel undulatis, lon- 54 ILLUSTRATIONS OF gissime petiolatis, petiolo canaliculato, demum producto; floribus solitarius vel binis, pedunculatis subsecundis. 1. Thinogeton maritimum, Bth. Voy. Sulph. 142 ;—viseoso-pu- bescens, carnosulum ; foliis Janceolatis vel lineari-oblongis, sinuoso-lobatis, vel grosse dentatis, basi in petiolum alatum angustatis, crassiusculis, longiuscule petiolatis, floralibus de- crescentibus ; floribus solitariis vel geminis, lateralibus, axillis approximatis hine pseudo-paniculatis et terminalibus, corolla sub-violacea.—Kcuador, ad Tumbez, in littoris maritimis ; v. s. in herb. Hooker (Lima, Cuming, no. 972). This is a prostrate plant, with much the habit of a Nolana, its branches measuring a foot and upwards. Its petioles and pedi- cels are erect, and therefore are all somewhat secund: I have not seen any cauline leaves, but the floral leaves are much smaller, greatly narrower, and upon a shorter petiole than in the follow- ing species ; the pedicels are 2 to 4 lines long, the calyx is 3 lines long, and 1 line diameter, swelling afterwards to a length of 7 lines and a diameter of 5 lines: the corolla is 15 or 16 lines long, and 10 to 13 lines broad across the border ; it is pubescent out- side, is persistent, and on withering, coils up in a spiral form, when the peduncle increases to a length of 9 lines and becomes suddenly reflexed. The berry is 4 lines in diameter, enclosed within the enlarged vesiciform calyx. 2. Thinogeton Miersii. Dictyocalyx Miersii, Hook. fil. Linn. Trans. xx. p. 203 ;—subpubescens, foliis ovatis, acutis, basi inequalibus, cordato-auriculatis, et in petiolum angustatis, ir- regulariter sinuato-angulatis, angulis subobtusis, 3-5-nerviis, crasso-coriaceis, utrinque pilis brevibus rigidiusculis articulatis conspersis, longissime petiolatis ; floribus solitariis vel geminis, lateralibus, corolla sub-violacea extus puberula, limbo vix expla- nato, staminibus corolla brevioribus.—Ins. Gallapagos, v. s. in herb. Hook. (Charles et Albemarle Islands, Darwin.) This plant possesses a habit similar to that of the former spe- cies. The branching stems of woody texture are fistulose, smooth and terete. The leaves are from 21 to 3 inches long, 2 to 21 inches broad, on.a channeled petiole 5 inches long, that is nearly rectangular with the stem: they are almost smooth, or sparsely ‘covered with very short rigid hairs: the peduncles are slender, z to 1 inch long; the calyx is 5 lines long, 2 lines diameter ; the corolla is 13 inch long, contracted for the length of 5 lines to a diameter of 1 line, and thence gradually swelling into a funnel shape, is 1 inch across the mouth ; three nearly parallel nervures extend along the middle of the lobes to the base of the tube ; the stamens arise in the contraction of the tube, and the anthers. SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 55 which are double the length of those of the former species, are connivent around the style in the middle of the corolla; the flower on withering coils up in a spiral form, and the peduncle, subsequently deflexed, increases to a length of 14 to 13 inch, becomes thicker, and enlarges considerably at its apex ; the calyx swells to an oblong oval form, nearly an inch long, 7 lines broad, 10-angular, with ten prominent costate ribs, vesiciform, with the mouth closed by five short connivent teeth: it encloses a be 7 lines long, 5 lines diameter ; the pericarp is almost a putamen, the upper moiety being thick and coriaceous, the lower half thinner and more fragile; the dissepiment, and especially the lunated placentz, become thickened, coriaceous and almost lig- neous; it is apparently void of pulp, enclosing several seeds scarcely a line in diameter and much compressed, which are described by Dr. Hooker as being large ; but that term is evidently used in comparison with those of Nicotianum, with which this genus was thought to hold a close relation ; they are on the contrary smaller than in many other genera of this tribe*. 3. Thinogeton Lobbianum (n. sp.) ;—viscoso-pubescens, caule stri- ato, flexuoso ; foliis ovalibus, irregulariter sinuato-angulosis et dentatis, imo cordato-auriculatis, et in petiolum longius- culum breviter attenuatis, 3—5-nerviis, tenuioribus, utrinque tomento brevi glanduloso subincano pubescentibus, petiolo tenui valde tomentoso ; floribus geminatis, calyce pubescente, corolla sub-violacea, extus puberula, staminibus inequalibus, corolla 2-3-plove brevioribus.—Columbia et Peruvia; v. s. in © herb. Hook. (Columbia, Lobb. no. 299. Peru, Maclean.) This species is evidently intermediate between the two fore- going: the stem is much smaller, more striated, far more flexu- ose, with much shorter internodes, and altogether more pubescent than the last described; the leaves are 2 inches long, 13 inch broad, on a petiole of 24 inches, but probably the lower leaves are somewhat larger : the peduncles are 9 lines long, slender and erect, but become suddenly deflexed on the withering of the corolla ; the calyx is 4 lines long, 14 line diameter; the corolla 14 inch long, $ inch broad in the mouth ; the fructiferous calyx becomes almost globular, 5 lines long and 4 lines in diameter, contracted in the mouth, with five erect teeth, and enclosing a nearly glo- bular berry 4 lines in diameter. PotyDIcLis. The Nicotiana quadrivalvis of Pursh, and the Nicotiana multi- valvis of Prof. Lindley, have long been known as anomalous spe- * A figure of this species, with generic details, is given in plate 50. 56 ILLUSTRATIONS OF cies, which Don placed in his section Pofydiclia of that. genus, and I propose to adopt that name, or rather its more correct de- rivation, for a distinct genus, in order to embrace these plants, which are distinguished from Nicotiana by the different struc- ture of the fruit and other characters. The first-mentioned plant is a native of Missouri, where it is said to be cultivated as tobacco ; it was introduced into England in 1811 and figured in the ‘Botanical Magazine.’ The latter species was first cultivated in England in 1826 and figured in the ‘ Botanical Register.’ They both differ from Nicotiana in their globular, three or more celled ovarium, with placente projecting from the axis inte the middle of the cell, where they become thickened and ovuligerous. The capsule is globular, often very large, umbilicate at the apex, three- to eight-grooved, with as many corresponding septicidal valves, which break away from the shriveled dissepiments. In Poly- diclis multivalwis, which has a six- or eight-celled ovarium, the pla- cent are often pluripartite in each cell, and as they become in- crassated, the fruit according to Dr. Lindley presents a series of external spurious cells around the true seminal cavities, Its generic name is derived from odds, multus, SixAls, valva, on account of the greater number of the valves and divisions of its capsule. : Potypicrts (gen. nov.).—Calya globoso-tubulosus, 10-16-nervis, 5—8-dentatus, dentibus valde acutis, inzequalibus, erectis, per- sistens et augescens. Corolla tubo cylindrico, 15- vel pluri-ner- vio, basi ventricoso, calyce 2-8-plo longiore, limbo late campa-. nulato, ad medium 5-6-fido, laciniis expansis, obtusiusculis, 3- nerviis, venisque anastomosantibus pictis. Stamina 5-6, in- sequalia, inclusa, medio corolle inserta, filamenta tubo 3-plo | breviora, filiformia, anthere ovate, 2-lobx, lobis liberis, appo- sitis, rima exteriori dehiscentibus. Ovarium globosum, disco carnoso insitum, 3 ad 6-loculare, placentis ex angulis promi- nentibus in centro loculorum incrassatis, multiovulatis. Stylus erectus, inclusus. Stigma clavatum, 3 ad 6-lobum, lobis ob- tusis, expansis, glanduloso-papillosis. Capsula globosa, magna, umbilicata, 3-12-sulcata, calyce aucto arcte cincta, 3-pluri- loculari, 3-plurivalvis, valvis septicidalibus dissepimnentis de- mum solutis, sepe locellis aliis spuriis exterioribus donata. Semina plurima, parva, oblonga, compressiuscula, hilo laterali. Embryo intra albumen carnosum leviter incurvus, radicula te- reti, angulo basali spectante, cotyledonibus ovatis plano-con- vexis duplo longiore.—Herbee Americe septentrionalis viscoso- pubescentes, odore feetido ; folia alterna, ovato-lanceolata, ellip- tica, utringue acuminata; flores axillares, albidi, reticulato- picti. SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 57 1. Polydiclis multivalvis. Nicotiana multivalvis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. tab. 833; Don, Dict. iv. 466 3—viscido-pilosa, foliis carnosis, ovato-lanceolatis, breviter , petiolatis, utrinque acuminatis, in- tegris, margine undulatis, demum fere glabris ; floribus soli- tariis, paucis, axillaribus; corolla magna, limbo explanato, al- bida, venis purpureis picta, 5-6-mera.—Columbia River, in locis saxosis. This plant is said to be of a strong hircose odour and viscid ; the leaves of the specimens I have seen are 6 inches long, 23° inches broad, on a petiole not longer than 4 or 3 an inch, which, together with the midrib, is fleshy, broad, and semiterete. The peduncle is scarcely more than } inch long; the calyx about ? inch in length, and 3 inch diameter in its broadest part, con- tracted above, and divided into five, sometimes six very acute lan- ceolate teeth, one-third of its entire length ; it has ten or twelve prominent nervures with intermediate reticulations. The tube of the corolla is cylindrical, somewhat swollen at the base, 14 inch long, + inch diameter ; the border is very broad, expanded, about 2 inches across, and divided to nearly half its breadth into five, sometimes six triangular obtuse segments: it is of a whitish colour, with anastomosing purplish lines. The stamens are equal in number to the segments of the corolla, and the anthers rise to the mouth of the tube. The berry is large, globular, 1} inch diameter, marked with deep grooves, corresponding with the number of cells, which vary from six to twelve ; it is umbilicate at the summit, and crowned by the persistent style, its lower half being closely invested by the swollen calyx. 2. Polydichs quadrivalwis. Nicotiana quadrivalvis, Pursh, Fi. Am. Sept. 1. 141; Lehm. Hist. Nicot. ¢. 45. tab. 4; Don, Dict. iv. 466 ; Bot. Mag. tab. 1778 ;—viscido-pilosa, caule her- baceo, ramoso ; foliis oblongis, utrinque attenuatis, integris, superioribus lanceolatis, subsessilibus ; floribus 5-meris, ovario 3—4-loculari, calyce pilosiusculo, corolla genitalibusque glabris, stigmate 3—4-lobo.— Missouri. __ The leaves of this species appear somewhat smaller than in the foregoing species, and are slightly ciliate on the margin, with jomted articulated hairs; the corolla is also much smaller, and the globular, usually 4-celled capsule, wholly enclosed in the per- sistent calyx, is about half an inch in diameter. The Nicotiana nana, Lindl. Bot. Reg. tab. 833, referred by Don to his section Polydiclia, cannot belong to this genus, as its ovarium is bilocular, and as it corresponds in few respects. The plant has certainly nothing of the habit of a Nicotiana, and it is difficult, in the absence of a satisfactory specimen, to determine to what genus it should be referred. ; VOL. Il. I 58 ILLUSTRATIONS OF SALPIGLOsSIS. Upon a former occasion (huj. op. i. p. 172) many reasons were adduced to show why the tribe of the Salpiglossidee, as constituted by Mr. Bentham (DC. Prodr. x. 190), could not be maintained, and I proposed to limit that tribe simply to Salpiglossis, Browallia, Leptoglossis, and a new genus Pteroglossis, all being distinguished by their singularly dilated stigma and the peculiar mode of zsti- vation of the corolla. A careful examination of Leptoglossis schwenkioides has since then offered reasons for placing that genus among the Pefuniee. The Salpiglossidea, however, as thus limited, are evidently most intimately allied to the Petuniea, agreeing with them in a somewhat similar form of stigma, the development of their stamens, their capsular fruit, and the very spiral form of the embryo in Salpiglossis, and differing from them only in their didynamous stamens and the estivation of the corolla. ‘The didynamous arrangement of the stamens does not. appear to me to offer a sufficient reason for keeping them in an ordinal point of view apart from the Petuniee, and for retaining them in the Scrophulariacee ; indeed in the Petuniee and Nico- tianee, we find an evident tendency towards a didynamous struc- ture, for one of the stamens is constantly shorter than the others, which are in two pairs, while the anther of the fifth is always somewhat smaller, and frequently almost sterile; and on the other hand, I have observed occasionally in Salpiglossis a fifth fertile stamen, showing a disposition to return to its normal con- dition ; and I have also before me an instance of ‘a flower with three pairs of stamens, varying in length, with a seventh shorter one, the anther of which, though smaller than the others, is fer- tile. The position of the Salpiglossidee in the natural system appears to me therefore manifestly in the family which I propose to call Atropacee, or if considered only as a suborder, Atropine, according to the arrangement there shown (oc. cit. p. 165). There is little in the genus Salpiglossis that calls tor observa- tion ; one peculiar feature however claims attention, the singular form of its pollen-grains : these are comparatively large and rea- dily distinguished under a common lens, each granule consisting of four agglutinated spherical globules similar in form to the simple pollen-grains of most Solanacee and Scrophulariacee : three of these globules are on the same plane, the other being superimposed in the centre, thus forming a sort of rounded tetra- hedron, and they adhere so completely that they cannot be sepa- rated without bursting. The fact is noticed by Mr. Hassall in his memoir “On the Structure of Pollen” (Ann. Nat. Hist. viii. 100), who states that so curious a circumstance is not singular, as it occurs in Oxyanthus in Cinchonacee, Leschenaultia in Goode- SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 59 niacee, and in some species only of Epilobium in Onagracee : the same is also observable in all the genera of the Epacridee and of Ericacee, with the exception of Clethra, where they are simple. From these analogous facts it is evident that this com- pound structure of the pollen-grains is not of sufficient import- ance to affect in any way the ordinal position of Salpiglussis. Mr. Bentham mentions only a single species of this genus, as he considers all our garden kinds as mere varieties of S. sinuata. On this head I may remark, that I found in Chile, plants which I always considered to be two very distinct species, viz. S. sinuata (my S. glutinosa) and my S. purpurea (Trav. ii. p. 581); but I have little doubt that S. picta, S. Barclayana, S. fulva, S. inter- media, &c. are all hybrid produetions from these two species. I always met with S. sinuata growing near the coast, its corolla being constantly of a yellowish white, with brownish stripes ; on the contrary, I invariably found S. purpurea at a much greater elevation near the foot of the main Cordillera, or within its gorges, its flowers being always of a dark lilac, with deep purple lines, and never of the yellowish hue so conspicuous in S. sinuata. I cannot however refer to my original specimens, as they were un- fortunately lost off Cape Horn with my genefal Chile collections ; but the coloured drawings of both species made in 1820, and which I have preserved, serve to impress these facts strongly on my memory. From the several dried specimens of Salpiglossis in Sir William Hooker’s herbarium collected by Gillies, Cuming and Bridges, we may detect at a glance the two different species. The following I consider as the amended diagnosis of this genus :— Satriexossis, R. & P. (char. emend.).—Calyx tubulosus, 10- nervis, 5-dentatus, dentibus subsqualibus, attenuatis, obtu- siusculis. Corolla infundibuliformis, tubo imo cylindraceo, superne campanulata, compressa, limbo 5-lobo, obliquo, sub- bilabiato, lobis profunde emarginatis, superiore majore, erec- tiore, xstivatione reciprocativa*. Stamina 5, inclusa, quorum - 4 didynama, quinto breviori, sterili ; filamenta subulata, e con- strictione tubi orta; anthere ovate, 2-lobe, basi cordatat, sub- versatiles, lobis adnatis, rima marginali dehiscentibus ; pollen compositum, e granulis 4 aggregatis, quorum | superpositum. Ovarium conicum, disco carnoso sub-2-lobo impositum, 2-locu- lare ; placente centrales, dissepimento utrinque adnate, multi- ovulate. Stylus exsertus, apice compressus, incrassatus, sub- incurvus. Stigma majusculum, transverse dilatatum, semi- lunare, bilabiato-emarginatum. Capsula oblonga, calyce per- * Huj. op. vol. i. p. 172. a 60 — ILLUSTRATIONS OF sistente tecta, 2-locularis, septicido-2-valvis, valvis chartaceo- coriaceis, 2-fidis, placenta centralidemum solutis. Semina plu- rima, minuta, subangulata, hilo laterali ; testa striato-rugosa. Embryo intra albumen carnosum spiraliter curvatus, teres, ra- dicula arcuata, ad angulum basalem spectante, cotyledonibus 4-plo longiore.—Herbze Chilenses glanduloso-pubescentes ; folia alterna, lanceolata, inferioribus sinuato-laciniatis, petiolatis, su- pertoribus linearibus, sessilibus, sinuatis, Jloriferis linearibus, subbracteiformibus. Inflorescentia paniculata, floribus pedicel- latis, pedicellis extra-axillaribus ; corolla straminea vel pur- purea, lineis anastomosantibus picta. I. Salpiglossis sinuata, R. & P. Syst. Veg. 163; Prodr. tab. 19. S. glutinosa, Miers, Trav. ii.531. S. straminea, Hook. Exot. Fi. p. 229. S. picta, Sweet, Br. Fl. Gard. tab. 258 3 Hook. Bot. Mag. tab. 3365 ;—omnino viscoso-pubescens, foliis infe- rioribus laxis, lanceolatis, acute pinnatifido-incisis, superiori- bus breviter petiolatis, inciso-dentatis, laciniis acutis, floralibus sessilibus, linearibus, integris, bracteiformibus; corolla lineis violaceis picta, tubo lutescente, limbo stramineo.—Chile, ora littorali, in herb. Hook. (Gillies, Mathews, Cuming, Bridges). This plant, well known in our gardens, grows to the height of - 2 or8 feet. Its leaves are of more delicate texture, always longer, narrower, and more deeply incised into acute segments than in the following species: they are 5 inches long, including the petiole, on which they are decurrent, and 14 inch broad, or 7 lines across at the base of the incisures. I observe a note upon my drawings, stating that in this species, the two lower stamens, between which the sterile one is situated, form the longest pair, while in S. purpurea the same stamens form the shorter pair, and I have found this in the dried specimens I have examined, but I cannot at this distance of time assert it to be a fact of constant occurrence. . (S. andicola, MSS.). . Yar. 8. atropurpurea, Graham. Corolla reticulatim nigro-picta, limbo profunde purpureo. Cuming. This plant seldom exceeds a height of 15 or 18 inches : it has a stronger and more woody stem, and may easily be distinguished SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS, 61 from the former species by its radical leaves, which are of thicker texture, broader in proportion, shorter and more elliptic, with short obtuse teeth, and not deeply divided with acute incisures, as in S, picta: the radical leaves, including the attenuated pe- tiole, are 3} inches in length, the limb being 2 inches long and 11 lines broad. PreRoGLossis. Among the very curious and interesting plants collected by Bridges in the vicinity of Coquimbo, is one that will constitute a new genus,-near Sa/piglossis. It is a plant with pinnatifid leaves, only in a few of the lower axils, those above being reduced to a linear form; its ascending stems are widely diffuse in many spreading dichotomous branchlets, which are very slender and terete ; the leaves at each axil are gradually diminished to the size of very short linear bracts, which support a few solitary one- flowered peduncles. The corolla, though smaller, has much the shape of that of Salpiglossis, with didynamous included stamens, and it possesses the peculiar estivation of the Salpiglossidea. The most remarkable feature consists in the unusually broad ex- pansion of its stigma, which hoods the lower pair of stamens, somewhat after the manner of Nierembergia, its winged appen- dages being quite membranaceous, decurrent for some length upon the style, and marked with numerous parallel radiating nervures, which terminate in its lacerated or crenulate margins. The name above proposed is derived from mtepdv, ala, and yAawooa, lingua, because of its broadly winged stigma. Prerociossis (gen. nov.).—Calyx tubulosus, subcylindricus, breviter 5-dentatus, 10-nervis, dentibus acutis. Corolla in- fundibuliformis, tubo imo coarctato, hinc ventricoso, 15-striato, limbo expanso, inequaliter 5-lobo, sub-bilabiato, lobis omni- bus emarginatis, superiori longiori et latiori, zstivatione reci- procativa*. Stamina 4, didynama, inclusa, postica longiora ; filamenta dilatata, apice angustata. Anthere ovate, 2-lobe, imo divaricate, apice sine connectivo in sinu apicifixe, rima marginali dehiscentes. Ovarium disco carnoso sub 2-lobo im- positum, stipitatum, 2-loculare, placentis centralibus disse- pimento adnatis, multiovulatis. Stylus apice dilatatus, in- flexus. Stigma bialatum, emarginatum, superne carmatum, infra planum, glandula viseoso in sinu notatum, alis latis, membranaceis, in stylum longe decurrentibus, radiatim nervo- sis, margine sublaceratis, staminibus inferioribus amplecten- tibus. Capsula calyce persistente tecta, 2-locularis, 2-valvis, * Huj. op. vol. i. p. 172. 62 ILLUSTRATIONS OF valvis semibifidis, placenta centrali demum solutis. Semina ignota.—Planta Chilensis subglabra, radice lignosa perenni, caulibus plurimis adscendentibus, gracilibus, laxis, divaricatim ramosis ; folia alterna, inferioribus sinuato-pinnatifidis ; pedun- culi uniflori, azxillares, paniculam laxam efformantes. 1. Pteroglossis laxa ;—subglabra, ramosissima, ramis plurimis, teretibus, gracilibus, laxe divaricatis, nodis distantibus 3 foliis axillaribus, inferioribus oblongis, sinuato-pinnatifidis, in pe- tiolum spathulatis, sub lente minutissime pubescentibus, me- diis linearibus, supremis floriferis in bracteis parvis decrescen- tibus : pedunculis solitariis, viscoso-pubescentibus, unifloris ; floribus parvulis ; corolla straminea, lineis violaccis picta.— Coquimbo, in herb. Hook. (Bridges, no. 1839). This plant has very much the habit of Schwenkia americana : the root is ligneous, as well as a short perennial woody stump, from which arise several somewhat erect branches 12 to 18 inches long, which are evidently deciduous ; these are slender, terete, glabrous, flexuosely brachiate at each axil, and again dichotomously branched : below, the axils are more approximate, above widely distant. The lower leaves are sinuato-pinnatifid, about 1 to 14 inch long including the petiole, and 3 lines broad including the segments ; to the naked eye they appear quite smooth, but under the lens they are seen to be invested by nu- merous, very short, minute hairs: these leaves gradually dimi- nish to the size of 3 to 1 inch long and only half a line broad, and as they ascend they become smaller, till they arrive at the terminal floriferous branchlets, where they assume the form of linear bracts, scarcely a line in length and 3th of a line broad; from each of these springs a very slender glandular pubescent peduncle, about half an inch in length, bearing a solitary flower ; the calyx is 1} line long, tubular, and crowned by five equal fleshy erect teeth; the corolla is about 4 lines long, of a yel- lowish colour, marked by about fifteen violet-coloured, parallel, branching lines ; the tube is contracted and cylindrical below for one-third of its length, above this it is ventricose, with a border of five, oblong, rounded and emarginate patent lobes, the upper one of which is somewhat longer and broader ; they assume in eestivation that peculiar mode of plication which I have called reciprocative (Joc. cit. 172); the didynamous stamens are in-| cluded, arising from the contracted portion of the tube; the ovarium is oblong, 2-grooved, imbedded in a fleshy 2-lobed cup borne upon a short stipitate support, and surrounded by the in- duvial remains of the corolla; the style is slender, the length of the stamens, inflexed at its apex, and gradually widening consi- SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 63 derably by the broad decurrent wings of the stigma, which hood the anthers of the somewhat shorter pair of stamens : the stigma is broad, membranaceous, deeply emarginate at its apex, consti- tuting two distinct rounded wings, marked by numerous radia- ting nervures ; it forms altogether a galeate head, flattened on the under side and keeled on the upper surface by the prominent sharp margin of the style, which carinated edge is terminated in the sinus by a viscous globular gland. The capsule is small, consisting of two bifid valves, parallel to the dissepiment, and inclosed by the persistent calyx. I had no opportunity of exa- mining its seeds *, LEProGLossis. This genus was founded by Mr. Bentham, in the ‘Botany’ of the Voyage of the Sulphur, for a Peruvian plant, which has not yet been figured, nor have the details of its structure been hitherto delineated or minutely examined. It possesses much the habit of a Browallia, to which it offers some resemblance in the form of its corolla; but it differs from that genus in having a fifth sterile stamen and in the shape of its stigma, which is intermediate between that of Pteroglossis and of Salpi- glossis or Nierembergia. No opportunity had presented itself for examining the zstivation of the corolla of Leptoglossis when I offered the remarks upon the tribe of the Salpiglossidee huj. op. vol. i. p. 178); but recent observation has enabled me to state that it is decidedly imbricative, and as far as can be judged from well-macerated dried specimens, it is apparently of that modification which I have called replicative (loc. cit. 173), the postical lobe being altogether interior, as in Nierembergia and Petunia. The alliance of Leptoglossis is clearly with the two latter genera, agreeing with the former in its small lanceolate leaves, its calyx, its slender tubular corolla, in the dilatation of its stigma, in the long stipitate support of the ovarium, in its persistent hypogynous glands, and in its stipitate capsule. With the latter genus it agrees in the obliquity of the border of its corolla, and the somewhat palate-like enlargement of the tube below the throat. The position of Leptoglossis is manifestly among the Petuniee, and not in the Salpiglossidee, as suggested in the tabular arrangement (/oc. cit. p. 165). It appears to me to hold no relation whatever to Schwenkia. The following generic character has been made, after a careful analysis of the plant referred to :-— Lerrostossts, Bth.non D.C. Char. emend.—Calyz brevis, tu- bulosus, nervis 15 in seriebus 5 ternariis pressius ordinatis, * This plant, with its analytical details, is shown in plate 52 of this volume. 64 TLLUSTRATIONS OF interstitiis eveniis membranaceis, 5-anguloso-sulcatus, 5-den- tatus, dentibus acutis linearibus callo-mucronatis. Corolla tubularis, elongata, tubo imo carnosulo 5-sulcato constricta, medio subcylindrica, in faucem antice breviter ventricosa, limbo obliquo, 5-lobo, lobis suborbicularibus, 2 anticis mino- ribus reflexis, postico erectiusculo, zestivatione imbricata, veri- similiter replicativa. Stamina 5, inzequalia, inclusa, quorum 4 didynama, cum quinto sterili ; filamenta subdilatata, tenuis- sima, posticorum e coarctatione tubi orta, anticorum dimidio breviora medio corolle inserta, sterili sub-breviore intermedio ; anthere in faucem conniventes, stigmate deflexo circumplexe, 2-lobz, in sinu apicifixe, lobis basi divaricatis, apice sine con- nectivo connatis, et rima marginali bivalvatim transverse hian- tibus ; posticorum dimidio minore ; sterili oblonga, cassa, erecta. Pollen simplex, globosum, 3-sulcatum. Ovarium oblongum, co- nicum, longiuscule stipitatum, glandulis 5, carnosis, coloratis, subliberis, rotundatis, summo stipitis connatis, et discum hy- pogynum cupuliformem persistentem fingentibus, 2-loculare, placentis centralibus, multiovulatis, dissepimento utrinque ad- natis. Stylus tenuis, inclusus, apice incurvatus, compressus, valde dilatatus. Stigma emarginato-2-labiatum, lobis latis- simis, brevibus, truncatis, mtus incrassatis et viscoso-glandu- losis, nferne longe auriculatis et membranaceis, antheras am- plectentibus. Capsula calyce persistente tecta, 2-locularis, septicide 2-valvis, valvis semibifidis, placenta centrali demum solutis. Semina plurima, parva, reticulato-favosa ; cetera ig- nota.—Herba Peruviana viscoso-pubescens ; folia alterna, parva, sessilia, lanceolata, integra ; cyme plurime, alterna, terminales, ex axillis foliorum superiorum lateraliter orte, longe et paten- tim pedunculate ; flores parvuli, pedicellati, conferti; corolla albida. 1. Leptoglossis Schwenkioides, Bth. Voy. Sulph. 143 ;—undique viscoso-pubescens ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis, acutis, 1-nerviis, apice callosis, sessilibus, in turionibus sepe fasciculatis, supe- rioribus decrescentibus ; corolla tenui, glabra, intus imo re- trorsim pilosa.—Peruvia, v. s. in herb. Hook. (Huamantango, Barclay ; Peru, Mathews, no. 1011 ; Cuming, no. 1010). This plant has very much the habit of some of the small-leaved species of Petunia ; its branches are virgate, the leaves 6 to 9 lines long, 1 to 13 line broad ; the floral branchlets are about 1 inch long, generally with three to five flowers at the extremity of each ; the pedicels are very short ; the calyx 2 lines in flower, 3 lines in fruit ; the tube of the corolla is 8-9 lines in length, 1 line broad, the border 3—4 lines in diameter ; the capsule is 2 lines long *. * A figure of this species, with sectional details, is given in plate 53 of this work. SOUTH AMERICAN PLANTS. 65 Browa ia. The affinity of Browallia with Salpiglossis is sufficiently evident, but in many respects it approaches very closely to Petunia. In the tabular arrangement suggested on a former occasion (hu. op. vol.i. p. 172), Browallia was associated with the Salpiglossidee, on account of the apparent 148 rhomboidens, Miers ...0csssssssseeresees 99 9 umbrosd, Miers ...+.ssssseesereeeeee 99 18, 145 INDEX. 73 PAGE PAGE Cleochroma ...........+ +. i. 149, 178; ii. Ap. 62 | Dolia vermiculata, Lindl. Pu. 12 ......... i. 55 calycina, Miers .........+.. 16:1493.455) 63 Dorystigma caulescens, Miers, PL. 6...... 1. 28 grandiflora, Miers, PL. 32. i. 150; ” 63 crispum, Miers............++ Porter er soy doe macrocalyx, Miers ......... dvoudives vend. 149 squarrosum, Miers, PL. 6 ............ 28 microphylla, Miers .........+-+++ ii. Ap. 63 | DUBOISIEA ........000 Divacesedasens i. 165, 169 Chotarput ic... saan e003 31, GO, 143 | Daloisia’s ties 618s ksctsacics i. 165; ii. Ap. 37 didymus, Miers ......... fai sidtesvonees ii. 147 myoporoides, R. Br. Pu. 87.02. eriocalyx, Miers ........sccecesecoeesees » 148 | Dunalia...... sanedscoansccesbebebeien ke 10, 136, 178 Gardneri, Miers, Pu. 44 ........- ui. 35, 146 acnistoides, Miers pede aesieeek Te i, 137 megalochiton, Miers .........0s0+s+0+ li. 146 brachyacantha, Miers ............s0++0» 55 138 Codochoning Dan. sitesi i. cs siasssisins ii. Ap. 63 lycioides, Miers, Ph. 2 .........000000 5 14 Coleophora ......ssssesseeeee birds sahvaccecses un. 81 ramiflora, Miers ......sssccessseee setsss 5) 109 gemmiflora, Miers, PL. 74 C. ......... , 82 senticosa, Miers ....ces....s puoi: »» 139 Cyphanthera ..............04 i. 165; ii. Ap. 28 solanacea, H. B. K.,...scocssecsesdesecss 13 albicans, Miers, Pu. 84D. ...... go Ot | Dyssochroma | .s...<.0..0ss0s00s ii. 45; ii. Ap. 50 cuneata, Miers, Pu. 84 C.......... e381 longipes, Miers .......+ bob ev ERSTE i. 48 frondosa, Miers, PL. 844. ...... os viridiflora, Miers ...... bate t iewant iad is ar microphylla, Miers, PL. 85D.... 4, 33 ovalifolia, Miers, Pu. 85C........ ,, 33 E. scabrella, Miers, PL. 85 B. ...... gv BR f ECORI Sis snccaccesqnense occesnes) 40 2GU gm. &2 Tasmanica, Miers, Pu. 84B. ... 4, 30 Pavonii, Miers, Pu. 48 ....22.0sesee08 = tomentosa, Miers, Pu. 85A. ... 4, 32 | Ehretia duplicata, Nees ......... inciceanevene i. 64. Cyphocarpus ....-0...ssse essere pats alee i. 127 halimafolia, L’ Her. ......+.0seeeeeseeees »» 64 rigescens, Miers, PL. 27 ...-+++++0. > bol halimsfolia, Nees ..0........seseeccesese oe Cyphomandra ....... Geheais cht anseoves hnckolse betacen; Sendt. i4.i..csisssvecyssevet o oe we diploconos, Sendt. ....... sheanvtetuelx pil | PABIANBR cccscciitesisccesssennsckseossewess i. 178 floribunda, Sendt. Pu. 8 .......000+ oy, 34 | Fabiana ........s-sssrsssreseees de 1785 ii. Ap. 54 fragrans, Sendt. ........+ L .paueuiasoe ett SL denndsts. Miers, bg Pe by eee on Kier: Bf Gardneri, Miers. ....05.000ssvsesessees Kage 08 imbricata, R. & P....... ssivicsaee iene 5 Of obliqua, Sendt. .......... Wisshvegessuel 5 39 thymifolia, ae 5 0) ae ee ccc pabesbivete ap OL pendula, Sendt. ..... KSidides awteene iia 3 viscosa, Hook. & Arn. ......++++ sevesees 99 87 premneefolia, Sendt. ......s+.seeeeeees p> 40 | Framciscen | .........sc.decosccseccenes i. 166; ii. 73 pubescens, Miers........0+sssssseesseees 36 acuminata, Pohl ............. pisevvestcs 5; 44 Oyphontaddita Cajanumensis, Dun.. i. 43 ; ii. 142 australis, Miers ......++++++00 jitsivats » 14 capsicoides, DUA. 2bicseciai sia tv 41's 5, 142 Baliieneis; Miers. .........cccssecenaspees Prine & | coriacea, Das inex ois 433 5 :142 calycina, Wiens ai. sd cctiinsiis era | cornigera, Dun. .......eerees++s paabvebi » 142 capitata, Miers, PL. 59) .......s+0000+. » 73 cylindrica, Sendt. ...s0s.s.s0sesese00e 99 142 confertifiora, Pohl scsssséessvsesseese. » 74 dwaricata, Sendt..........00000+ 1. Als 3» 142 spn Miers xssiadisceiecee lis elliptica, Sendt. ...... aodihabescivwseues p> 142 Hook: sisssweiscs scaviivevess sy 74 fraxinella, cag Gees voce bbca Vb zaves » 142 ormia, Pohl ais adisisiveer: 73 or ay Fe BION, ssivinsssisrend 40} jp kOe beg Pohl: css. istecee:. buteevinegy 14 NN, OO oc neecnariccnnnowrnens * macrophylla, Cham....... Seusucousens woe x9 13 oxyphylla, SS eR 4, 142 maritima, Miers ......+.s++ piss vet ie sive 74 elite, Sent, sicsveitvstisssisviiivic 55 142 obovata, Miers ......sesseeeseeee Oe eg ee b| pauciflora, Cham....+-+..,s+sseseerees ene » ff D. ramosissima, Pohl .......0.++-seeeeeees hey e | TIA TUREM | gs0sscssssccees seseseceseeeeee 1. 164, 169 | Franciscea divaricata, Pohl ......... Taree f| Datura sarmentosd.e...e.cesecnees imate 45 uniflora, es cechisscssecvcewes rey (| Dictyocalyx Miersii, Hook. f. «......++++ ¥ il. 54 Dierbachia solanacea, it (ati edeaaveuatites i. 13 Dolia clavata, Miers .........scsccscceseesese 1. 56 Grabowskya Sicttnavitoin, Behik, : cicessses-ts 08 ae Mien sp naccoeees vaiseuat nsseewivedé Ap: OF duplicata, PS sceisne ieestinsisstenis », 64 e 5 bad oe pre shisttcecstenserenvens OL Lindleyi, Miers....---s+-sseesseerereeees 99 5 i pleas TARE: |. iiescivensiinissinnts OO Ghttes, Arn. Pi: 18 v.vcoccrssosevoescysd sy OO M 74 INDEX. PAGE PAGE Grabowskya Boerhaavifolia, Lindl.....-.... i. 66 | lochroma tubulosa, ‘Bth. ..........00 isle disticha, Meyen......++++++++ pevabmisenis » 66 umbrosa, Miers......-ses.sceseseees aib7, 146 Meyeniana, Nees.......... sesesesecee de 12, 66 | Iochroma calycina, Bth... i. 19, 149; i. Ap. 63 grandiflora, Bth, .........1.150; ,, 63 = macrocalyx, Bth. .....+++++ viiudionn de; 149 Habrothamnus ............ i. 178; ii. 79, Ap. 54 Benthami, Miers .......esscesssevees ac. OL J. Endlicheri, Miers ......... pee eee ay 81 | TABOROSEA «nc ceccesseseevere idee ct teseus i. 178 fasciculatus, Bth. ...scoccceseseecsceveses »> Ol | Jaborosa ......s0se00 bans caecacoduue sows 26, 178 paniculatus, Mart. & Gal. ....+-...++- reo! integrifolia, Juss. PL. 5 .+....seeees gee. 20. TOSEUS, Micrs........scescccereesesoes sesse 55 SL | Jaborosa caulescens, Hook. ......++++++++e+ ees Habrothamnus cyaneus, Lindl. ............ 1. 143 decurrens, Miers ..-s.sseseseeeseseeeeees 9 2B corymbosus, Endl. ....++++++++ geavsioes s 75 laciniata, Miers......... Hivceviltes pusddnkah ey Oe elegans, Hort ....e0.sseeeeseees piniowedes ii. 81 runcinata, Link........++++«+ wcedwensatied cig fasciculatus, Endl. ......+0+ssseeeneees 1. 75 | Iuanulloa ......eeseeeeeeee i. 166; ii. 38, Ap. 62 purpureus, Lindl.......++- jae eestieene ii. 81 Hookeriana, Miers, PL. 46 ......+++++ 1. 40 tomentosus, Bth. .......+e00+0+ - i. 75; ii. 81 Mexicana, Miers ...+++...eeseesees inti Pebechadtisssecciccivcciecdiocsee ceive i), 168, 17 Panamensis, Miers, PL. 46 ......s+004+ ae asperus, Miers .......s.seeessseeneeeee aie 3 parasitica, R. & P. sssccssseeesersereees 99 39 bicolor, Miers .........sssececeeseecoeses » 31 Juanulloa grandiflora, Dun. ........- ii. Ap. 63 bidoras, Miers si.cnurnuinnwdinn.;,, 3 microphylla, Dun....+se.+++00008 a 88 aloes, MGOTS CASI. 2 .d6dsteciei sos 53 161 speciosa, Dun. ...sseeeeereseeeee weaings OF pete lini, MIMI: . di. cc00secs wwsesdoedcass , 4 umbellata, Dun....... DS iccacsee wcecatg Ge intermedius, Miers .........seseseeeeeee .- 3 parasitica, HOOK....sessseerseeeceeeers ni, 40 lanceolatus, Miers .......s.sssesccssees AOS wiolis, Miers, Pi. 69 ..i..00isc.06 6000. 4 101 L. sinuosus, Miers ...........+ Fete ms 5 151 | Lamarckea coccined, Pers. ....++00+0++0000+ . i, 37 Turneri, Miers.......... Mipissmadie to gite® | EARNES — 154 elt senticosum, Miers, PL. 68D.......... 5, 114 x, 123 spinulosum, Miers, PL, 71 D........ wie, 127 », 104 var. parvifolium ...... bhseds oskabees 5 1g7 3» 128 stenophyllum, Remy .........+.+++ sui, 140 110 stolidum, Miers, PL. 71 .C....00....008 5) 126 3, 131 Tataricum, Pall. PL. 70 C,.....+....0. 55 122 », 107 tenue, Willd. PL. 67 A. ...-...065 iutivbs 106 R113 tenuispinosum, Miers, PL. 71B. ... ,, 125 3, 105 tetrandrum, Thunb. PL. 66F. ...... ,, 106 p18 Turcomanicum, Turez. PL. 69E.... ,, 118 5 212 vimineum, Miers, PL. 69 B. ...... gece, 116 »> 136 vulgare, Dun. PL, 70 B.......s0eeseee x 120 »» 95 | Lycium aggregatum, R. & P....... i. 21; ii. 138 = 122 angustifolium, Mill. ...:...s0ss0+0 sey OS »» 130 apiculatum, Dun. ...+0+.ss0ssees ii. 107, 138 3 130 arborescens, Hook, .+....+00+++ i. 21311. 188 »» 124 Barbarum, LOur. | csscccccsescssseseess js 138 », 108 barbatum, Thumb. ....ceccsescweesecees », 138 % 118 Boerhaavifolium, Li, ..+0+++ i. 64; ,, 138 yp LOL campanulatum, E, Mey. ..+++ ii. 122, 138 »» 104 Canam, Ga. sccescstesipios cosines » 131, 138 we 116 Capense, Mill....s.ssseeeseeeseeeeesseees ii. 138 y, 130 capsulare, Li. ....sesetseresreeeseseseees 99 138 » 98 Chinense, Ln scsccocevesvcesescees ii. 120, 138 » LO] ciliatum, Schl. .....+++- sicticeas 95 th 138 = 128 Cochinchinense, Lour. .....+... li. 120, 138 », 109 cordatum, Mill. ....00-+++++ sseetiaeisin In 100 5 OF cornifolium, H. B. K.... i. 19, 146; ,, 138 » 128 distichum, Mey. «++..-+++++ sisidtegiisien'sey LOC 5 9 FSectidum, Luwsereeseeceesecenene peliiatiisatigy 108 i 22E ibundum, H. B. K.....-+... i. 215: 5139 » 128 . Fuchsioides, H. B. K.... i. 17, 144; ,, 139 » 110 Gesnerioides, H. B. K... i. 18, 145; ,, 139 yy 115 gracile, Mey.......+++s++++0ereee ie 131, 139 cee grandiflorum, Willd. .......++ 1. 245 ii. 139 ae Guayaquilense, H. B. K...... i. Be 1S * 5, 102 halimifolium, Mill. ......sseseeesereeeee 99 », 108 heterophyllum, Murr. ......-.. i. 645 ,, 139 i» 138 horridum, Thunb. ........+ eseses ti. 106, 139 », 107 horridum, H. B. K.......+++++ i. 12; ii. 139 », 100 Indicum, Retz. ...sseseecesseeeeeeneeee »> 139 = be dmavinie, Ta T. ccccentactonsn tas FOO « 192 Japonicum, Thumb......-+-.+eseeeerreee 3109 35 125 lanceolatum, PoOir. .+..0+sseeeeeseeeee 159 zg 122 Lozense, H. B. K. ...... i. 18, 146; ,, 139 it2l macranthum, a PHA ancy a i » 102 macrophyllum, Bth.....++++++++ EL2s 5 119 Mosiiesranoam Sys eT ns a 35 megistocarpum, Dun.......+++++. ii. 120, «ast pa oe Seer i. 12; ii. 139 ~134 microphyllum, H. B. K...... ase » 139 9» 135 microphyllum, Duh. ......+sss0eesee++ 9s 139 w» 135 - mutans, Pop. ...+.--ssseerevserees ii. 131, 139 75 76 INDEX. PAGE PAGE Lycium obovatum, Buch. .........+0.+000++ Hl. 139 Nicotiana parviflora, Lehm. ...... pisd iii obovatum, R. & P.. ....ccceeees Bill: ,, 139 plumbaginiflora, Willd. ........ sedskegy 140 Obteegtena, WAGs, 20c8ecstites eisis.s cece tod quadrivalvis, Pursh «s+s00+4 ssseseeee 11557. Onale;, Wilds: ca cstisl ike Regier re tper », 139 | Nierembergia ....-..-sseeseeres cower i. 89, 165 ovatum, Willd.........0s000+ peernisers We%, 130 angustifolia, H. B. K. ....+... wat. ovatum, Duh. ......00. sivinwi. set. j, 109 anomala, Miers, PL. 20 ....ce--sseseee 7 oe parvifolium, R. & Sch......... i. 12; ,, 139 aristata, SWeet ..0s...scccecceccescccsees 3 4 propinguum, G. Don — ....e00+ ii. 104, 139 coerulea, Gill. ..... vicsseseusencboqnvas gs OT pulchellum, Mart. & Gall. ..........+. ii. 139 calycina, Hook. ....0....+++-+ aE 5 oR Quitense, Hook. .........00 b if 157 3 ii. 139 ericoides, Miers ........s.cscsscssveseee >» oo quadrifidum, Mog. & Sess. ... ii. 128, 139 fheanlia, Lind]... co. scceesi.e sé edeeat Pee 3 Ruthenicum, Dun....... weiss yel22, 139 gracilis, HOOK. ....s.sseeseesseeeeeeees x 33 salicifolium, Mill. ....00...000066 55 95, 139 hippomanica, Miers, PL. 18 .«.......- i; 32 salsum,. Barts seuss -aeinnn 53 128, 139 linifolia, Miers, Pu. 20 ....c...ssseeee a we scabrum, N. ab Be ..iciscss cccestsesens Mi, 139 2nana, Miers .......ccccccsecssesnsoesee » 101 serpyllifolium, Dun. .....ccccceseceeee 55 139 pinifolia, Miers ....... Giauaseudccanvurs a Sy Shawti, R..& Sch. sisi. cosivsdicciee 4, 159 pubescens, Spr. ......ssssereeceseeeees , oe Sidense, Hott... icisecstvtnecsecs ii. 129, 140 pulchella, Gill. .........66 Lonauanees ese | § spathulatum, R. & P. ....++2-- 1. 22; ii. 140 repens, R. & P. .......0 pellet wack ee oo spathulatum, Math. ...seescesseeeeees », 140 rigida, Miers, PL. 19 .........ssssseeee ¢ 90 subglobosum, Dun....e00+-.+0000+ ii. 120, 140 rivularis, Miers, Pu. 18 .........+0+00- i ok Thunbergii, G. Don ......0002-+e00+4 li. 140 spathulata, H. B. K. .........-02...008 a a0 Trewianum, Duh. ...... sister weubses » 140 stricta, Miers, PL..19 ..s..ssecsseccseoe 5 turbinatum, Duh. ...... ....seeseseeee 55 140 | Nierembergia graveolens, St. Hil.......... » 114 umbellatum, R. & P. ......05 i 23s 5, 140 intermedia, Gral. ccccscedescecseaceees = 110 umbrosum, H. B. K. ... i. 18, 145; ,, 140 phenicea, Sweet ......... Saldeaccvuiiens 3, 109 pubescens, Spr. .srsccsecsecoeeessceeees vy 114 M. visctdula, H. Be Kiwdiccincasisc re BBs Mandragora ...... sssestdeseseess by 166; it, Ap. 19 | NOLANACEZE | ......sceescuws Piewitee ii. Ap. 42 microcarpa, Bert. ...... sbsseendé es 55. 20 | Nolana atriplicifolia, Don ......00-2...++04 i. 50 officinarum, L. Pu. 79B. ....0-. 5, 20 inflata, R..8& Po esessecsseutt vavareeewes ii. 51 preecox, Sweet ..... ov ocibdpnaytuie a ee paradowa, Lind]. ......c0.sereeeeeseeeeee i. 49 WOPDANS, FETE. cic ccssessecepea sens 20 revoluta, ReoSeP. cccciecis reeves = 61 Marckes: «i csecccorvseosoeses obie asics i. 166; ii. 36 | Notelaa ligustrina, Sieb....... odes eslati ii. Ap. 40 cocemes; Bich. Pi. 45 ci nsavetscis.,, 37 longiflora, Miers ....e.-+s00s peKivaicess wor P. Margaranthus ......000+-+seessseeeess 1. 1795 ii. 30 | Panzera Caroliniana, Gmel.......... saws dee solanaceus, Schl. .........s0ccsseseesseee 99 GL | Periphragmos fetidus, R. & P.........+++ i, 102 tenuis,. Miers, Pts 67. aisstivcruiiss’ 5 74 | Pevun the cccediciiveesiccss ei cbicbate i. 165, 173 METTERNICHIEA ....-. eebdis adiviabes piece 278 | POGUE. .c.0s.ceeccies sles dives teundites i. 106, 165 Metternichia .......+-+.+.+. dieiveitedeties 468, 179 elegans, Miers, PL. 24 ...++eveeeeeees i. 110 princeps, Mik. PL. 14 ......s00...ceeeee i. 69 intermedia, Don ...... ative san ctsaes Fs sid n MIMOFA,. JUSS. ses. .sscsessverece ” : : N. Ovalifelia, Miers, Pi. 24......00ece000s 11s RGGEOUSIR vscectoonteesecocsesesstbar Ace OMe O parviflora, Juss. PL. 23 .......-cse0+ wg lil bella, Miers, PL. 40 ......ccc006 stditha ey OF propinqua, Miers...........sesssesseeees ¢ 109 _ formosa, H. B. K. seresss..ee seveiened 5 Oe violeces, Liandle (ii. casas »» 109 ee eae aeaperomee sedesidesdaa Sd OO viscidula, Miers ..........ssesesseeees a= 9 118 _ physaloides, Gaertn. PL. 43.......0000+ ek | PRONE pes asecretice sere wee i. 1785 ii. 24 Nicandra anomala, Link ...... ....+++ ii. Ap. 18 Bridgesii, Miers, Pu. 41 ......+++ uddé'yp 2D NICOTIANBA cooesssssensseeesseenrsaees i. 164, 169 microphyllus, Miers, Pu. 42 A. ---+++ 5» 24 Nicotiana......+..+++... sesdsvbecesccssads aa Kis 104 nodosus, Miers, PL. 42 B......-+++++ siiss 26 _ cirrhoides, Miers, PL. 22.........++.-.. i. 104 | PHYSALEA...... Rs eee Pee yor eee i. 179 Nicotiana axillaris, Lam. .. ++...0000000++ 55 108 | Physalis ......-ccsscccesesseeeee édevev 4.179 5 1. 26 multivalvis, Lindl. se....csseeeeeeseeeee tie 57 geniculata, Miers ......-.+++ weesse tie Ap. 56 nana, ati ebacgs is cktess ince ie suns ii 10] gracilis, Miers, Pi $0 Bi vssvisceciseoe D 28 INDEX, PAGE PAGE Physalis arborescens, Linn.......+++ wictibexs ii. 13 | Polydiclis multivalvis, Miers, PL. 60 ...... ii. 57 aristata, Ait. . ...<..-s00s peusscauinees ii. Ap. 8 quadrivalvis, Miers, PL, 60 ......+++++ » OF daturefolia, Lam......s.ssseesseceeeeeees ii. 34 | Portlandia grandiflora, Hort ......++++++ bs gy oe Srutescens, DC. ssscreserereoseceneee ii. Ap. 8 | Pteroglossis ...+++.sesseeesseereeeeeees i. 165; ii. 61 Orinocensis, H. B. KK. ....00cssecesssees ii. 29 Jaxa, Miers, Pu. 52 .........ececvevesees i prostrata, L’ Her, ..+...sssceeereeeeeesees », 50 | Puneera coagulum, Stokes ........+++ ii, Ap. 61 straminifolia, Wall. ...++.+++++00+ ii. Ap. 18 subtriflora, R. & P. ...... $susedsé6ceoess li. 29 R. tuberosd, Cav. ssccessseeseeceeeserere ii. Ap. 8 | Retzia ...cccsseeeees Sevevevesserevecesceeses ove 1. 18] Xalapensis, H. B. K. ....++++- odvbaveus i. 29 Physochleena .....0+.+++0++ i. 166; ii. Ap. 11, 51 s. Dahurieca, Miers ......... papadieed il. Ap. 13 | Salpichroma «....+.sss+000 jikeevied i. 1, 133, 178 Orientalis, Don — .........+0000- Hiciiggt 14 ciliata, Miers ......... i. 9, 133; ii. Ap. 61 WER MIOAN Sine de cescssesctitecusees yy 14 dependens, Miers «++...+2++++++ seee 1. 6, 133 physaloides, Don .....++++s.s++e+++ i 19 diffusa, Miers, PL. 28 C........02.0+006 i. 134 precalta, Miers ........sseesseseeees gins landulosa, Miers .....ssssseseesees i. 5, 133 rubricaulis, Miers, PL. 80......++ pea 1S irsuta, Miers, PL. 28 A. ....+.+++ »» 6, 1383 PRODSRGER «- .00ccssseseccevescesonseves i. 33; ii. 140 pulvinata, Miers ........+sseresaes ii. Ap. 61 allophylla, Miers «......+sesessseeeees >» 142 ramosissima, Miers ...+-sseeeeeeseees i. 6, 133 « Cajanumensis, Miers ....--..esesereees 1. 43 rhomboidea, Miers, PL. 1 ......+.. wis 18 capsicoides, Miers, Pu, 9 ... 1. 41; ii. 140 tristis, Miers, PL. 28 B. ......seeeeeess i. 134 Ciltata, Miers .......cccssccosscosssoveesses i. 37 | SALPIGLOSSIDEA ose.eeseeeeeeeseeeees i. 165, 172 coriacea, Miers.........ssse++e0- 1. 43; ii, 142 | Salpighossis ......-++..ss++eeeresereees i. 165; ii. 58 cornigera, Miers ......-+++++seesseeeeeee » 142 purpurea, Miers, PL. 51 «......+s00000 3 cylindrica, Miers....... ea ere er gas sinuata, R. & P. .....++ Sey eee ved: sO divaricata, Miers ......-sc+s+0++ i. 41; ,, 142 | Salpiglossis glutinosa, Mibore 505 cvcedbseesne ss elliptica, Miers ...ssesssseesssreeeseree 3, 142 integrifolia, HOOK. .....++++s00e++se00+ i. 109 fraxinella, Miers ...... ccvscnuceveusaeere »» 142 linearis, Hook. ....+-ssseeseesersseeoes 9 110 Hartwegii, Miers ..........+++++ i. 43; ,, 142 picta, Sweet....sseeessverereesee a oer ii. 60 laxiflora, Miers .......++++ ebuveinneee yw i42 prostrata, Hook. & Arm. +++++ss+00+ i. 114 oxyphylla, Miers.ss...ssesssereeseeeeeee »» 142 stramined, Hook, «..ss0+-s++00eeereeeeee Ue innata, Miers, PL, 61. .....+sssss++++ y, 142 | Saracha ......+ winnhoe i. 179; ii. 14, Ap. 55, 57 meres Miers ..0.0.cscccccescovcressoecs i, 42 acutifolia, Miers ..+...+sse++e+eee ii. 19, 149 velutina, Miers ......s.ssssecceesseeees ii. 142 alata, 5 saananac’ scosessseesenovsesees Ti, 149 viridiflora, Miers.........+++ Soweseeeds i. 40 Allogona, Schl. ...-+.+++ssses0e* ii. 16, 149 Pionandra betacea, Miers ........++++++++++ » 39 auriculata, Miers, PL. 38 A......+ »» 18, 149 diploconos, Miers ......... ieasivinnes os oe biflora, R. & P....scc.seeeessereeees » 16, 149 floribunda, Miers «++...+..s0es+eree0 ayy OE ciliata, Miers.....-..+« Sbegleseuenehe »» 16, 149 fragrans, Miers ..+......ceeesesseeseees OL conspersa, Miers «.-+.+++++++ seguvnigg boy 149 Gardneri, Miers .........00ssssceeeeees 4 3 contorta, R. & P....+++-..+++ spain hte ae obliqua, Miers......... picekestviiedets vets OO dentata, R. & P. ...cseseeeseeeeene »» 16, 149 pendula, Miers ......+.+++ dasseeenente a 3 diffusa, Miers ..... sissbecmnes incendie 149 premnafolia, Miers .+seeeesee+ee+++++ » 40 rata, Miers ......+++eseeeeeeess i349; 149 pubescens, Miers «..seesesessseeeeeres ~ 36 Jandulosa, Miers, PL. 39A. «.. 5, 20, 149 Peecilochroma ........+ ceases i. 152, 178; ii. 148 jaltomata, Schl. ....-+++++++ ‘lees » 16, 149 Boissieri, Miers ...... sdeduaauibeckethas g 14 Taxa, Miers .....ssserseescoeerenees » 18, 149 frondosa, Miers .......+..+0+++ i. 154; ,, 149 Miersii, A. DC. ..-.s0-s0+s00 bovsvcanme, 149 Funkiana, Miers........... ene bigs 149 procumbens, R. & P. «..+++.+. eve 5 16, 149 ttata, Miers ......s00ssss00 i. 155; ,, 149 propinqua, Miers, Px. 38 B....... »» 17, 149 , Pare hang Miers oc sccses sy 157 55 149 pe DIA, cxiever-sovecesers 99 16, 149 Lobbiana, Miers, Pu. 34 ... ,, 156; ,, 149 lanacea, Miers ....+++.+esesese++ ss S21, 149 maculata, Miers......++0+00+0+ » 156; ,, 149 umbellata, DC....++++++++++* diwadax » 16, 149 punctata, Miers «.+...+++ 1. 153; ii. 16, 149 vestita, Miers.......ssseseeseeseeees ys 20, 149 Quitensis, Miers...........- wee 1. 157; ii. 149 villosa, G. Don.......-++ pootisnadeke pe: 105348 Sellowiana, Miers ....+..++++++se0+ siting 140 viscosa, Schrad......++0++ss+++s++++ »» 16, 149 Polydiclis PPTTTTTTTi Tie te 164; il. 55 Zuccagniana, R. & Sch seeeneeee » 16, 149 N 73 PAGE Saracha geniculata, Mart. & Gall. ii. 16, Ap. 56 punctata, R. & P. ... 1. 153; ii. 16, Ap. 57 Sarcophysa....sesssesseseees i. 166; ii. 41, Ap. 61 speciosa, Miers, PL. 47 «.+..+00-+++s li. 42 SCHIZANTHESS ...ccescscccssccsessecss i. 165, 171 Schwenkia ......00..ssscsesescevesees i. 178 3a. 85 Americana, Linn. PL. 63 C. .........+2- 11. 86 angustifolia, Bth. PL. 63 D.......++++++ »» 06 Brasiliensis, Poir. PL. 63 B......+..0006 »> 06 grandiflora, Bth. PL. 63 As .....+-++00 »» 00 Tweediei, Bth. Pu. 63 E. ....e0.+0+++4- >> 86 Sclerophylax Arnottii, Miers, PL. 26 ....+. i. 118 Gilhiesii, Miers, PL. 26........++-+eseees LID spinescens, Miers, PL. 25 --++++ss0-++ elle Scopolia ...... seescstesbestbe «i. 166; ii. Ap. 15 Carnioliaca, Jacq. PL. 81...... weree SCROPHULARIACEZ.........2+2+4+ ii. Ap. 46 SERGE. co veeccerinvecncswaues sc¥ueusieanenes i. 76, 178 corymbosa, Miers .....-:++.ss+eesesereees 1. 8 dependens, R. & P. ...sssseseeeeeeeeseee 10 stipulata, R. & P. PL. 15 ...-seeeee SEL vestita, Miers......scssseseseseeccceesseees nef Sicklera, Sendt. ........+0++++ i. 179; uu. Ap. 63 SOLANACEAE ......0..c00085 i. 178; ii. Ap. 41 SOMA isrccenvecssacscsesese i. 166; ii. 44, Ap. 49 grandiflora, Sw. ........+ Sec dde acd avesey 1. 45 guttata, Don — .....sssesecssreeeseeeeeeee » 45 Hitida, Zuc. .......0.ceese cited Gor » 40 Solandra longipes, Sendt. ...+..+++..+000e++ ii. 48 scandens, Willd. ......... Sis satepaasveet 3 45 viridiflora, Sims .....-sseeeeseeeeesseees 9 44 SOUMANDRBAL 5 isk ledekoesscocceen=sess i. 166, 176 WOU ASME. cccljnacesssves aseabslsevcdind ieeay 179 Solanum betaceum, Cav.......++++0+ abbisebex : ‘ “~s oO Cajanumensis, H. B. K....... i. 433 il. 142 capsicoides, Mart. .......+.++: proeeeeore i. 41 crotonifolium, H. B. K. ¢.....ss0ees00 i 41 cylindricum, Vell. ...+...+0..eeceeseees ii. 142 didymum, Dun, ...+..secesereenseseeee 3 147 CTIOCALYT voe+eeeee vee sortesoeiastsceuulink 3, 143 ellipticum, Vell. ....sssseeseeessseeeeee > 142 flagrans, Ten0re. ...sersseeseeeeeeeeeres i. 45 fragrans, HOOK. ....0+sssseeeessereeeees es Fi gemellum, Mart. .....++++ abeovsulvainah ess ii, 147 Marts, Dun. ......0.00seccsteses Waeeee? 5 142 megalochiton, Mart. «.-...+.s++0++ iene 143 Narense, H. B. K. .....ceeseeceesseeses i. 44 Obliquum, R. 8 P....00.cesesssscececess oo pendulum, R. & P. ...cseeeesssescerenes a premnefolium, Dun. ......+0+sssesceeeees »» 40 Tegore, Aubl. .....sesseeeseesesernseeeee 42 trachyphyllum, H. B. K. ..-.+ss00++0000 »» 44 viridi Wh ALB. cvckdcvecoedsnaiite'gy 40 Sorema acuminata, Miers...........-0sse++e++ ae OF lanceolata, Miers .....+++0++++++eeeeerees » 51 linearis, Miers .......++ Beis ges idan 99 O2 INDEX. PAGE Sorema littoralis, Miers ...ssssssesssseeeeees i. 50 longifolia, Miers .+++++s+ssssererereeeees 3 OF paradoxa, Lindl: PL. AQ. aseccceantas 49 Sorema atriplicifolia, Lindl. ...+++ss++++++ i. 50 Streptosolen.......2++0++sseeeeseeeenes i. 165; ii. 68 Benthami, Miers, PL. 55 .....+0e0+++++ ee Jamesoni, Miers ...-+sseecsesseseseeeres 55 Oe a: TogsaraNdra ....ssccsceccscsncrecsccnsees abies li. 82 Fluminensis, Miers, PL. 62 ....-+-++++- we Thinogeton.....---srreeee-+8 i. 166; ii. 52, Ap. 49 Lobbianum, Miers ......++seeeesererees 11. 5d Miersii, Hook. PL, 50 ...+++--+-s+eeeee+ » OF maritimum, Bth. ...-:.sseseeesseseersees 3 04 Trechoncetes ...-.ccccscsscccccecccesecees i. 30, 178 laciniata, Miers, PL. 7 ....++++- wuwipine? 13k sativa, Miers .....seecssseesssrseeeseeseeee rs Triguera -.-ssssssesseeeeseees i. 179; ii. Ap. 1, 48 ambrosiaca, Cav. Pu. 75..+...+.+0++ Me Ap. 2 imodora, Cav. ..sccceseereseeecseeeoes SOE Triguera baccata, Gmel. ...+++++++++++" g 2 U~ Ulloa parasitica, Pers. ...s..ssserreerers ii. 39 ¥, VERBASCER occccccresscesovessecncesscossees i. 179 Verbascum Osbeckii, Linn. .....+++++++ ii. Ap. 2 Waeebie co cc ca coasceceenseaaatascenmitinns 6 i. 101, 178 Lycioides, Willd. PL. 21....--+..+++++- i. 102 YW, Whitleya straminifolia, Sweet .....- i. Ap. 18 Withania ..........ccceccereee i. 179; ii. Ap. 7, 59 aristata, Paug. Pu. 77B. 0 55 8; 59 frutescens, Paug. PL. 77A.... 5 8, 59 Withania arborescens, Dun. ....+++++ ii. Ap. 61 coagulans, Dun, «+-++++.++2+++ an Morrisoni, Dun. .....+++++0++ ieeccisee OC Orinocensis, Dun. .......s00ese0000* eee, pulvinata, Dun.........000++++ 23 apy capes Om TAMOSA, DUM....0s0sesseecnscereeeere wa somniferd, Dun.....ssseereeereeseee® ce ON Sordida, Dun. .....sseeceseereeeees ar OR subtriflora, Dun. «..++ nies. a Bl Xalapensis, Dun, ...+-+.:02++se020* a WITHERINGIE Biseccssserenceee i. 179; ii. Ap. 55 Witheringia............ i. 179; ii. 1, 149, Ap. 55 anonacea, Miers .o....eesseseeeereers ii. 6, 15 hirsuta, Miers.......-seccsesceseevers » 6, 150 Martiana, Miers ........+s0-eeseesee* » 6, 150 micrantha, Miers ....+++++eses+ees 4» 0, 150 picta, Mart. PL. 35 .sreseeeeeseeer 55 8, 149 poeceenes Miers,...- re ASPerd, Spr. .screeeseeeescererseeees ee macrophylla, H. B, K.......++- ii. 8, Ap. 58 auriculata, Miers ......++. beocsnees 5 = BO mollis, H. B. BR. scsecscosesceee coveseees 8 Diflora, Miers.....+..ssseeesseeeseees » 66 procumbens, Miers..........+++ seoee ti, Ap. 56 Candollei, Miers ...+++...s00e+0+++ ~ propinqua, Miers ......++- aseeees ee ciliata, H. B. K.....+e.cseeerersessoees esd 6 rhomboidea, H. B.K. .......scceeeeeeee PR ciliata, Miers.......++++++ ecancasies ii. Ap. 56 riparia, H. B.K. ....cseeeeereee Srkeeeboe ae iE conspersa, Miers «+++++..+++ te a Sellowiana, Sendt. ... --...++. -+ ii, Ap. 58 contorta, Miers ....+.++e+sseereeeee ig OD Solanacea, L’Her....... ii. 17, 149, Ap. 56 dentata, Miers .......ssceeseesee ect . 06 Stramonifolia, H.B.K. ...... ii. 7, Ap. 58 diffusa, Miers ...+2sseee-sseseeeees oy 06 umbellata, Miers ....ss.ssseeeeess ii. Ap. 56 diploconos, Mart. .....++++.sseseeeeseeees Lor westita, Miers........cececscccerseees ag C6 divaricata, Mart......c++0s.000 i. 41; ni. 142 villosa, Miers.....- Kicspbaeausauaheds i On diversifolia, Klotsch «..++....e+eee+8 PT eae viscosa, Miers ......0+ janeuee Jesais et = dumetorum, H. B. K. ......eeeseeeeeees oe Zuccagniana, Miers ...+++++++++ ice ee DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES IN VOLUME II. PLATE 35, Exhibits a drawing of Witheringia picta, Mart. Fig. 1, the calyx. Fig. 2, the corolla. Fig. 8, the same cut open, showing the position of the stamens: nat. size. Fig. 4, the tubular portion of the corolla, showing the attachment of the stamens upon an annular ring ; the anthers are seen in different positions before and after dehiscence: magnified. Fig. 5, the calyx with its segments thrown back to show the pistil: nat. size. Fig. 6, the stigma with its glandular lobes : magnified. Fig. 7, the calyx oe grown in size and enclosing the fruit. Fig. 8, the same with the segments thrown back to show the berry: both nat. size. Fig. 9, a seed : nat. size, Fig. 10, the same magnified. Fig. 11, the same seen edgeways. ig. 12, a seed with half of the testa removed, showing the enclosed albumen. Fig. 18, the albu- men cut longitudinally to show the position and form of the embryo: all magnified. PrateE 36. A. is a branchlet of Brachistus lanceafolius. Fig. 1, is the calyx. Fig. 2, the corolla expanded: nat. size. Fig. 3, three of the stamens in different positions. Fig. 4, the pistil: al/ magnified. B. is a portion of Brachistus hebephyllus. Fig.1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2,the corolla. Fig.3, the same cut open to show the. insertion of the stamens. Fig. 4, a stamen: all ote aig Fig. 5, the pistil with its enveloping calyx: magnified. Fig. 6, the same wit the upper portion of the calyx removed, to show the hypogynous gland that embraces the base 0: the ovary. Fig. 7, _ the ripened berry supported by its persistent calyx: nat. size. Fig. 8, a transverse section of the berry, showing the mode of placentary attachment of the seeds: magnified. : Prats 37. A. exhibits a portion of Brachistus oblongifolius. Fig. 1, is a flower, Fig. 2, is the calyx with the pistil. Fig. 3, is the corolla cut open to show the insertion of the stamens: all nat. size. Fig. 4, two stamens seen before and behind: magnified. : a DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. B. is a branch of Brachistus dimorphus. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx: magnified. Fig. 8, the corolla cut open to show the position of the stamens. Fig. 4, the stigma: both magnified. PLaTE 38. A. is a portion of Saracha awriculata, in fruit. Fig. 1, flower. Fig. 2, the ee Fig. 8, two of the stamens. Fig. 4, the pistil. Fig. 5, a transverse section of the berry with its supporting calyx: all nat. size. B. is a branch of Saracha propingua. Fig. 1, the corolla cut open to show the insertion of the stamens. Fig. 2, a stamen: all nat. size. Fig. 8,an anther magnified. Fig. 4, the pistil: nat. size. Fig. 5, the stigma: magnified. Fig. 6, section of a seed. ig. 7, the embryo extracted. Fig. 8, glandular hairs of the pubescence: all magnified. PuaTE 39. A. is Saracha glandulosa. — Fig. 1, is the flower : nat. size. Fig. 2, the same magnified. Fig. 8, the calyx. Fig. 4, the corolla: both magnified. Fig. 5, four of the stamens seen in different positions, with the mode of their attachment to the base of the corolla: more highly magnified. B. is a branchlet of Physalis gracilis. Fig. 1, is a flower. Fig. 2, a stamen: both nat. size. Fig. 3, one of the articulated ' hairs of the pubescence : magnified. C. shows analytical details of Physalis Perwviana. Fig. 1, is a flower. Fig. 2, the corolla, seen from above. Fig. 3, the same cut open, showing the coloured basal spots, and the stamens with the mode of their insertion : all nat. size. Fig. 4, one of the articulated and brachiate hairs of the pubescence : magnified. Fig. 5, three of the anthers seen in different positions, showing their manner of dehiscence: also magnified. Fig. 6, the pistil with the calyx thrown back, showing the ovary seated on its hypogynous gland: nat. size. Fig.7,a longitudinal section of the same, showing the attachment of the ovules. Fig. 8, a transverse section of the ovarium to show the two cells, the form of the placenta in each cell with the ovules attached. Fig. 9, the stigma seen in two positions. ig. 10, a longitudinal section of a seed with its embryo imbedded in albumen: all more or less magnified. Prats 40. Exhibits Nectouwia bella. Fig. 1, a flower, showing the projecting corona in the mouth of the corolla. Fig. 2, the calyx, with the pistil enclosed. Fig. 3, the same, with the segments of the calyx thrown back, to show the ovary upon its supporting gland. Fig. 4, the corolla cut ‘ DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. open, showing the included stamens : all nat. size. Fig. 5, a stamen seen in front. Fig. 6, the same seen from behind. Fig. 7, the filament expanded towards its apex. ke 8, an anther detached from the filament, seen in front, depicting the mode of e scence of its cells. Fig. 9, the stigma with a portion of the style: all magnified. Puate 41. Displays a branchlet of Phrodus Bridgesit. Fig. 1, is the calyx, with its included pistil. Fig. 2, the corolla. Fig. 3, the same cut open, showing the insertion of the stamens. ig. 4, two of the stamens with the hairy tufts at the base of the filaments. Fig. 5, the pistil, supported by the calyx, - which is thrown back. Fig. 6, the ripe berry, enclosed in the persistent wpe Fig. 7, the berry removed. Fig. 8, a transverse section of the same, showing its two cells, and the placentary attachment of its seeds. Fig. 9, a seed: all nat. size. Fig. 10, the same magnified. Fig. 11, the same, seen edgeways. Fig. 12, a longitudinal section of a seed, showing its embryo enclosed in albumen: both also magnified. Prats 42. A. is Phrodus microphyllus. Fig. 1, is a flower. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla. Fig. 4, the same cut open, showing the insertion of the stamens. Fig. 5, two of the stamens detached. Fig. 6, the ovary upon its hypogynous gland, supported by the calyx, which is thrown back: all nat. size. Figs.7 & 8, articulated hairs of the pubescence : magnified. B. is Phrodus nodosus. Fig. 1, is a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, anthers, before and after dehiscence. Fig. 3, the stigma. Fig. 4, one of the leaves articulated on its persistent cupuliform allan, with other calli from which the leaves have fallen, all seated in the cartilaginous node of the axil: all magnified. Prats 43. é Is the end of a branch of Nicandra physaloides. Fig. 1, is a flower. Fig. 2, the corolla. Fig. 3, the same cut open, showing the enclosed stamens: all nat. size. Fig. 4, a stamen, with the filaments fornicated at its base, arising from its somewhat trigonous eup-shaped hairy gland; the mode of its attachment to the corolla is here seen: magnified. Fig. 5, the pistil seated on its hypogynous gland: nat. size. Fig. 6, a longitudinal section of the ovary: magnified. ig. 7, the fruit enclosed in the persistent calyx. Fig. 8, the berry, removed. vg. 9, a transverse section of the same, showing the manner in which the lobes of the irregularly ramified fleshy placente become confluent with the walls of the ovary, which hence produces a 3-, 4-, or 5-celled fruit. Fig. 10, a seed: all nat. size. Fig. ll, a longitudinal section of the seed, showing the embryo enclosed in albumen, and the lateral hilum. Fig. 12, the embryo extracted: both magnified. PuateE 44. Gives a drawing of a branchlet of Clocarpus Gardneri. Fig. 1, is an axillary raceme of C. megalochiton, with some of the flowers fallen off, DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. showing the approximated and secund disposition of the pedicels, and the mode of their articulation upon the main peduncle. Fig. 2, is a flower of the same. Fig. 3, the corolla seen from above. Fig. 4, the calyx, showing the saccate base of its lobes, and the inflexed valvate juxtaposition of their margins: all nat. size. Fig. 5, a portion of the corolla, to show the origin of the stamens from a fleshy annular basal ring : magni- fied. Fig. 6, stamens, seen before, behind, and sideways, displaying their mode of dehiscence. Fig. 7, the upper portion of an anther, exhibiting the same more distinctly, together with its 4-locellate division: still more magnified. Fig. 8, pistil: magnified. Hig. 9, fruit of C. Gardneri in its persistent calyx. Fig. 10, the same separated from the calyx: both nat. size. Fig. 11, a seed. Fig. 12, the same with half of the testa removed, showing the albumen in its integument. Fig. 13, section of the same, with the embryo enclosed in its substanee. F; 1g. 14, the embryo extracted: all magnified, PuatE 45. Is the upper portion of a branch of Marckea coccinea. ig. 1, is the calyx. Fig. 2, the corolla. Fig. 3, the same, cut open to show the enclosed stamens, Fig. 4, a stamen, with its filament bearded at its base: all nat. size. Fig. 5, anthers seen before and behind. Fig. 6, the same, after dehiscence : both mag- nified. Fig. 7, the ripe fruit enclosed in the persistent calyx, with some of its segments thrown back. Fig. 8, the baccately capsular fruit, with the segments of the calyx removed. ig. 9, a transverse section of the same, to show the two cells, and the mode of placentation of the seeds. Fig. 10, a longitudinal view of the same, with the peri- carpial covering cut in two, and’ one half thrown back, to show the dissepiment, and the mode of attachment of its imbricately disposed seeds: all nat. size. Fig. 11, two of the seeds, showing the mode of their attachment to the placentary dissepiment : magnified, Fig. 12, longitudinal section of a seed, with its external testa, and the embryo enclosed in albumen: the position of the hilum is shown upon the ventral face near the base. Fig. 18, the embryo extracted: both also magnified. Prate 46. Shows a terminal portion of a branch of Juanulloa Panamensis. Fig. 1, is a flower. Fig. 2, the ripe fruit, enclosed in the persistent calyx, with its five basal saccate prominences. Fig. 8, one of the segments of the calyx removed, to show the manner in which the saccate prominences seen in its base are produced. Fig. 4, the berry, with the segments of the calyx removed. Fig. 5, a transverse section of the same, ‘Showing its two cells, and the seeds attached to the axile thickened placenta. Fig. 6, seeds Seen on their lateral and dorsal faces: all nat. size. Fig. 7, the same agnified. Fig. 8, the same, with half of the testa removed, showing the lateral hilum near its base, and the enclosed albumen. Fig. 9, the albumen removed. Fig. 10, a longitudinal section of the same, with its enclosed embryo. Fig. 11, the embryo removed, shown in two positions : all also magnified, Details of Juanulloa Hookeriana—Fig. 12, the terminal raceme, with a single flower remaining, showing the calyx in its earlier inflated state, with the woolly margins of its free segments adhering ‘in form of a tube, Fig. 13, is a flower when the calyx shrinks, and begins to assume a pentangular form. "Fig. 14, the corolla. Fig. 15, the same cut open, to show the included stamens: all nat. size. Fig. 16, the anthers seen DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. in different positions: magnified. Fig. 17, the calyx, with its free segments still adhering by their margins at base, two of them being cut away to show the pistil, surrounded at its base by its lobed hypogynous gland: nat. size. Fig. 18, the ovary with its hypo- gynous gland: magnified. Fig. 19, the two-lobed stigma. 7. 20, a longitudinal section of the same, showing one of its lobes, and the hollow in the summit of the style: all likewise magnified. Prats 47. Is a branch of Sarcophysa speciosa. Fig. 1, a flower with its inflated fleshy tubular calyx, divided by five short clefts at its summit. Fig. 2, the corolla. Fig. 3, the fruit, enclosed in its thick, coriaceous, persistent calyx, which becomes irregularly lacerated on its side, by the growth of the large berry. Prats 48. Shows a portion of Ectozoma Pavonii. Fig. 1, is a flower. Fig. 2, the calyx with its enclosed pistil. Fig. 3, the pistil removed. Fig. 4, the corolla cut open to show the included stamens: all nat. size. Fig. 5, the corolla, showing the mode of zxstivation of its segments. Fig. 6, the same cut open, showing the stamens attached to the back of a free annular ciliated ring, which arises from the contracted portion of the corolla. Puate 49. Exhibits a branch of Oacabus Nolanoides. Fig. 1, the delicately membranaceous and reticulated calyx. Fig. 2, the corolla cut open to show the included stamens. Fig. 8, a section of the calyx saccate at its base, showing the enclosed pistil: all nat. size. Fig. 4, the stamens magnified, seen in different positions. Fig. 5, the stigma, also magnified. he : : Details of Cacabus prostratus.—Fig. 6, the fruit enclosed in its delicately reticulated persistent calyx. Fig. 7, the berry removed, showing its apical epigynous gland, and the persistent base of the style: both nat. size. Fig. 8, the same, magnified. Fig. 9, a transverse section of the same, showing the thin dissepiment, and its free lunated placent and attached seeds: also magnified. Fig. 10, seeds: nat. size. Fig. 11,a seed: magnified. Fig. 12, a longitudinal section of the same, showing the lateral hilum, and the embryo enclosed in albumen. Fig. 13, the embryo removed : both also magnified, Pirate 50. Is a drawing of Thinogeton Miersii. Fig. 1, is the calyx. Fig. 2, the corolla cut open to show the eee of the stamens : both nat. size. Figs. 3 & 4, stamens before and after dehiscence. ig. 5, transverse section of an anther after the discharge of its pollen: all magnified. Fg. 6, the entire pistil : nat. size. Fig. 7, the stigma, front and side view: magnified. Fig. 8, the fruit con- cealed within the persistent calyx. ig. 9, the fruit removed from the calyx. Fig. 10, transverse section of ditto, showing placentation of seeds. Fig. 11, seeds : all nat. size. Fig. 12, a seed. Fig. 13, a longitudinal section of ditto. Fig. 14, the embryo extracted from the albumen: all magnified. ; DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. Puate 51. Is a plant of Salpiglossis purpurea. Fig. 1, the corolla in bud, showing the peculiar mode of its estivation, which re- sembles that of Petunia. Fig. 2, the same cut open, showing the enclosed stamens. Fig. 3,a calyx. Fig. 4, the same cut open to show its nervures. Fig. 5, the pistil supported by its hypogynous gland, with the calyx cut away from the pedicel, placed in two positions to show the form of the stigma: all nat. size. Fig. 6, the stigma: magnified. Fig.'7, the anthers seen in different positions, before and after dehiscence. Fig. 8, the ovary, with a portion of the enveloping calyx, and surrounded at its base by its bilobed hypogynous gland. Fig. 9, a transverse section of the same, showing its fleshy placente in the middle of a thin dissepiment: all magnified. Fig. 10, the two- valved capsule, partly enclosed in the persistent calyx. Fig. 11, the same burst open, with the calyx cut away. Fig. 12, one of the valves split at its summit. Fig. 18, the dissepiment, with its adnate placenta and attached seeds. Fig. 14, the seeds: all nat. size. Fig. 15, longitudinal sections of the seed, showing the lateral hilum, and the embryo enclosed in albumen. Fig. 16, the embryo removed : both magnified. _ Details of Salpiglossis sinuata— Fig. 17, longitudinal sections of its seed. Fig. 18, the embryo removed, showing its more spirally curved form, the end of the radicle always pointing to a spot removed from the hilum: both magnified. Pratt 52. Is Pteroglossis laxa. . #ig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig, 2, the calyx. Fig. 8, the corolla. Fig. 4, corolla cut open to show the stamens: all magnified. Fig. 5, a stamen still more magnified. Fig. 6, the pistil, with the calyx cut open and thrown back to show the stipitate disk that supports the ovary: magnified. Figs. 7, 8 & 9, the style and stigma seen in different positions, still’ more magnified. Fig. 10, is the ovary and calyx, with the persistent cupular base of the corolla cut away to show the disk: more magnified. Fig. 11, capsule enclosed in the persistent calyx: nat. size. Fig. 12, ditto, showing the mode of opening its valves, with its placentiferous dissepiment. : Prats 53. Is a drawing of Leptoglossis Schwenkioides. Fig. 1, is a flower in bud to show the estivation of the corolla. Fig. 2, is the same opened : both nat. size. Fig. 8, the corolla. Fig. 4, ditto cut open to show the relative size and position of the stamens. Fig. 5,astamen. Fig. 6, ditto, with the anther after its dehiscence. Fig. 7, the entire pistil with half of the calyx removed to show the stipitate disk which supports the ovary and the stigma seen from behind. Fig. 8, ditto, with the calyx removed and the stigma viewed sideways: all magnified. Fig. 9, the stipitate disk with a portion of the calyx still more magnified. Prats 54, Shows Browallia tenella. Fig. 1, the calyx. Fig. 2, the corolla in wstivation. Fig. 3, the same blown. Fig. 4, DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES, ditto cut open to show the position of the stamens. ig. 5, the entire pistil with the calyx cut open and thrown back: all magnified. Fig. 6, the two upper stamens, each with a sterile anther-lobe. Fig.7, the two lower stamens, each with two fertile anther- lobes. Fig. 8, the stigma: all more magnified. Fig. 9, the capsule after dehiscence : magnified. Fig. 10, seeds: nat. size. Figs. 11 & 12, ditto. Fig. 13, section of seed. Fig. i4, embryo extracted: all magnified. Prate 55. Exhibits Streptosolen Jamesoni. Fig. 1, a flower with the corolla in the act of opening, showing the plicated and im- bricated disposition of its lobes in westivation. Fig. 2, the same with the border fully blown; the tube is seen always more or less twisting: both nat. size. Fig. 3, corolla cut open to show the relative size and position of the stamens. ig. 4, the pistil, with the manner in which the anthers embrace the stigma: both magnified. Fig. 5, the upper pair of stamens, each with a sterile anther-lobe. Fig. 6, the lower pair of stamens, each with two fertile anther-lobes showing their mode of dehiscence. Figs. 7 & 8, the stigma before and after sestivation: all more magnified. Fig. 9, the ovary with the calyx thrown back to show the stipitate hypogynous disk. Fig. 10, a transverse section of the ovary: both magnified. Puate 56. Is a drawing of Brunsfelsia nitida, showing the great difference in the form of the corolla and the dissimilar structure of the fruit in this genus as compared with that of Franciscea (shown in Plate 59), with which genus it has been associated. Fig. 1, is the corolla cut open to show the position of the stamens. Fg. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the pistil: all nat. size. Figs. 4 & 5, the two pairs of stamens. Figs. 6 & 7, the stigma. Fig. 8, the ovary with its hypogynous disk. ig. 9, transverse section of ditto: all magnified. Fig. 10, fruit of Brunsfelsia undulata, a fleshy drupe. Fig. 11, the same, with half of the fleshy sarcocarp removed to show the indehiscent putamen. Fig. 12, one of its many seeds: all nat. size. Fig.18,a seed. Fig. 14, the same, with half of the testa removed. Fig. 15, the albumen deprived of its integuments. Fig. 16, longitudinal section of ditto. Figs. 17 & 18, the embryo removed, seen in two positions. Prats 57. Represents Margaranthus tenuis. Fig. 1, the calyx. Fig. 2, the corolla. Fig. 3, the same cut open to show the stamens. ig. 4, the pistil: all nat. size. Fig. 6, a stamen seen before and behind. Fig. 7, the same, showing the mode of its dehiscence: both magnified. Fig. 8, the baccate fruit enclosed within the persistent calyx. Fig. 9, the same, with the calyx removed. Fig. 10, seeds: all nat. size. Fig. 11, longitudinal section of aseed. Fig. 12, the embryo extracted: both magnified. Prate 58. Is Leucophyllum campanulatum. Fig. 1, isa flower. Fig. 2, the calyx and pistil. ig. 8, the corolla. Fig. 4, the DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. pistil. Fig. 5, corolla cut open, showing the stamens: all nat. size. Fig. 6, anthers seen in front and behind, ee dehiscence. Fig.7, the same after dehiscence. ig. 8, the stigma before and after xstivation. Fig. 9, the ovary, supported on its hypogynous disk. Fig. 10, transverse section of ditto: all magnified. vg. 11, the persistent calyx enclosing the fruit. Fig. 12, the capsule removed: both nat. size. Fug. 13, the same magnified, showing the manner of its dehiscence. ig. 14, half of ditto removed, to show the introflexed margin of each valve. Fig. 15, the loose placenta, separated from the middle of ditto: all magnified. Fig. 16, seeds: nat. size. Fig. 17, a seed, back view. Fig. 18, side view. Fig. 19, front view of the same, showing the lateral hilum towards the base. Fig. 20, aloumen removed from ditto, seen in front and sideways. Fig. 21, longitudinal section of ditto. Fig. 22, embryo removed: all magnified. Puate 59. Exhibits Franciscea capitata. Fig. 1, a flower supported by its bracts, seen in front. Fig. 2, the same seen from behind, to show the peculiar introflexion of the mouth of the tube, a constant character of the genus. Fig.3, the corolla in bud, showing its very imbricated estivation. Fig. 4, a corolla cut open, to show the position of the stamens and the manner of introflexion of the mouth of the tube: all nat. size. Fig.5, the anthers before and after dehiscence, seen in different positions: magnified. Hig. 6, the pistil: nat. size. Fig. 7, the stigma, with the upper portion of the style: magnified. Fig. 8, longitudinal section of the ovary: magnified. Fig. 9, capsule enclosed in the persistent calyx. Fig. 10, the same, with the calyx removed. Fig. 11, the same, in the act of its dehiscence. Fig. 12, side view of the dissepiment with its attached seeds. Fig. 13, front view of the same. Fig. 14, seeds: all nat. size. Fig. 15, longitudinal section of aseed. Fig. 16, embryo extracted: both magnified. Puate 60. Is a drawing of Polydiclis multivalvis. Fig. 1, is a flower of Polydiclis quadrivalvis. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla. Fig. 4, the same cut open to show the position of the stamens. Fig. 5, the pistil: all nat. size. Fig. 6, a stamen, before and after dehiscence. Fig. 7, the stigma: both magnified. Fig. 8, capsule enclosed in its persistent calyx. Fig. 9, the same, with the calyx removed. Fig. 10, transverse section of the same. Fig. 11, seeds: all nat. size. Fig. 12, a seed. Fig. 18, section of ditto. Fig. 14, embryo extracted: all magnified. Prats 61. Represents Pionandra pinnata. Hig. 1, flower. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 8, the corolla cut open, with the anthers removed: all nat. size. Fig. 4, the stamens, showing the mode of dehiscence of the anthers, and the union of the filaments into a short annular tube: magnified. Fig. 5, the pistil: nat. size. Fig. 6, longitudinal section of the hollow clavate stigma: magnified. Prate 62. Exhibits Zessarandra Fluminensis. Fig. 1, a flower: natural size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla seen from DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. above. Fig. 4, the same seen sideways. Fig. 5, the same cut open, showing the position of its extrorse stamens: all magnified. Fig. 6, the stamens seen sideways, -and from their internal or dorsal face. fig. 7, the same, seen from the external face, and sideways, before and after dehiscence: all more magnified. Fig. 8, a grain of pollen: highly magnified. Fig. 9, the pistil: nat. size. Fig. 10, the same : magnified. fig. 11, a longitudinal section of the same across the dissepiment, as well as of the calyx. F%g. 12, longitudinal section of the same, in a direction parallel with the dissepiment, to show the mode of attachment of the ovules. Fig. 13, transverse section of the same: all magnified. Fig. 14, fleshy drupe: natural size. Fig. 15, its putamen. Fig. 16, longitudinal section of the same, showing one abortive cell and the other con- taining a single seed suspended from its apical hilum. Fig. 17, the seed extracted, with the thin outer coating removed, to show the distribution of the raphe, in the form of a cottony web of delicate spiral threads, covering its surface, and intervening between it and the more internal testa (see Linn. Trans. vol. xxii. p. 93). Fig. 18, the same magnified, to show the disposition and course of these threads in’ intersecting bundles, all proceeding from the apical hilum. Fig. 19, the testa and inner integument with a basal chalaza, the raphe having been removed: nat. size. Fig. 20, the exalbuminous embryo with its small apical radicle. Fig. 21, the radicle, separated from the large fleshy cotyledons: all nat. size. Puiate 63. Different analyses to show the structure of the genus Schwenkia. A.—Section 1. Cestranthus. Fig. 1, a flower of S. grandiflora: nat. size. Fig. 2, the same: magnified. Fig. 3, the same, with the segments of the corona expanded, showing the two exserted stamens and style. Fig. 4, the same cut open, displaying the marginal adhesion of the segments of the corona in estivation, the mode of their insertion within the teeth of the true border of the corolla, the two fertile and the three rudimentary stamens. 4g. 5, the pistil, with half of the calyx cut away, showing the ovary seated within the persistent base of the corolla, which is there circumscissile: ald magnified. B.—Section 2. Chetochilus. Fig. 1, a flower of S. Brasiliensis : nat. size. Fig. 2, the upper ‘oie of the corolla, showing the narrow elongated segments of the true border of the corolla, which are valvate in zstivation : the corona is here reduced to the size of five small teeth, which are also valvate in wstivation. Fig. 3, the same with the segments of the border and corona iin Fig. 4, the same cut open, to show the position of the two fertile and three rudimentary stamens: all magnified. Fig. 5, the capsule in its persistent calyx. Fig. 6, the poe removed. Fig. 7, the same burst open, showing the dissepiment : all nat. size. Fig. 8, the capsule. Fig. 9, a transverse section of the same. Fig. 10, the capsule with the valves fully opened, showing the position of the seeds upon the ~ dissepiment. ig. 11, the dissepiment with the placenta in the middle. Fig. 12, the same seen edgeways, showing the attachment of the seeds. Fig. 18, the seeds: all some- what magnified. Fig. 14, a seed. Fig. 15, the same, with half of its testa removed. Fig. 16, a longitudinal section of the albumen, with the embryo imbedded in it. Fig. 17, the embryo extracted: all much magnified. c DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. C.—Section 3. EHuschwenkia. Fig. 1, a flower of 8. Americana: nat. size. Fig. 2, the same: magnified. Fig. 3, the corolla of the same cut open, showing the five segments of the border of different lengths, reduced to the form of clavate lobes, placed in the sinuses of the five small emarginated teeth of the corona. Fig. 4, one of the ciliated teeth of the corona: more magnified. Fig. 5, the pistil, with the persistent calyx thrown back, to show the ovary seated within the persistent base of the corolla. Fig. 6, the ovary somewhat stipitate, with half of the calyx and half of the persistent base of the corolla cut away : all more or less magnified. D.—Section 4. Brachyhelus. ig. 1, a flower of 8. angustifolia: nat. size. Fig.2,the same. Fig. 8, the corolla cut open, showing the five clavate lobes (the segments of the true border) and the seh) of the inner emarginated segments of the corona, two of which are thrown orward ; the relative size and position of its four didynamous stamens are there seen. Fig. 4, the pistil, with the calyx cut open, showing the ovary seated within the persistent base of the corolla: all magnified. Fig. 5, the capsule half enclosed in the persistent calyx: nat. size. E.—Section 5. Cardiomera. Fig. 1, a flower of S. Tweediei : nat. size. Fig. 2, the same, showing the more ex- ternal small uncinate lobes (which are the reduced segments of the true border), and the large broad segments of the corona, which are plicated in estivation, with the margins valvately applied on each other. Fig. 3, corolla, showing the manner of opening of the segments of the corona. Fig. 4, the same seen from above, to show the «stiva- tion and relative position of the uncinate lobes of the border. Fig. 5, the corolla cut open, displaying the relative position of the same parts, and of the two fertile, the two sterile and the one rudimentary stamens. Fig. 6, the pistil, with the persistent base of the corolla around the ovary: all magnified. Fig. 7, the stamens, seen before and behind. Fig. 8, the stigma: both more magnified. “Fig. 9, the ovary surrounded at the base by its adnate hypogynous lobed disk, and by ‘the free persistent base of the corolla, enclosed within the calyx, half of which is cut away: magnified. % PLATE 64, A. portion of a branch of Lyciwm sevum. Fig.1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2,the calyx. Fig. 8, the corolla cut open to show the position of the perfectly smooth stamens. Fig. 4, the pistil with half of the calyx cut away, where the ovary is seated in the persistent circumscissile base of the corolla : all magnified. Fig. 5, a tooth of the calyx: more magnified, B. part of a branch of Lyciwm Europeum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig.2,the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open. Fig. 4 astamen. Fig. 5, the pistil: all magnified. ae bee : ‘s C. a part of Lycium Indieun. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 8, the corolla cut open. Fig. 4, DESCRIPTION ‘OF THE PLATES. the pistil. %g. 5, the ovary with its hypogynous gland seated in the persistent base of the corolla, the calyx being entirely removed: all magnified. D. a fragment of Lycium oxycarpum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the corolla cut open. Fig.3, the calyx. Fig. 4, one of its teeth. Fig. 5, the pistil, with its hypogynous gland: all magnified. Fig. 6, stamens, seen before and behind: more magnified. E. part of a branch of Lycium intricatum. Fig. 1,a flower. Fig.2, the corolla: both nat. size. Fig.3,the calyx. Fig. 4, the corolla cut open. Fg. 5, the pistil with the persistent base of the corolla: all magnified. Fig. 6, upper portion of style with the stigma: more magnified. F. is Lycium halophyllum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open. Fig. 4, style and stigma: all magnified. Fig.5, two of the teeth of the calyx: more magnified. PLaTE 65. A. a portion of Lyctiwm orientale, — Fig. 1, a flower showing the ordinary condition of its structure: nat. size. Fig. 2, its calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open. Fig. 4, its apiculated anthers. Fig. 5, the pistil seated in the persistent base of the corolla: all magnified. Fig. 6, a flower of a specimen from Arabia Petra, somewhat modified: nat. size. Fig. 7, its calyx. Fig. 8, the corolla cut open. Fig. 9, the pistil, with persistent base of the corolla and bottom of the calyx: all magnified. B. a branchlet of Lyciwm Persicum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the sy Fig. 3, the corolla cut open. Fig. 4, the pistil, with half of the calyx cut away, showing the ovary seated in the persistent base of the corolla: all magnified. : C. is Lycium Austrinum. Fig. i. a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corollacut open. Fig. 4, the pistil with half of the calyx removed, when the persistent base of the corolla is seen around the ovary: all magnified. D. is Lyciwm hirsutum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open: both magnified. E. a portion of Lycium arenicolum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2,the calyx. Fig.3, the corolla cut open. Fig 4, the pistil seated in the persistent base of the corolla. Fig. 5, the latter removed, to | show the hypogynous gland at the base of the ovary : all magnified. DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. F. a branch of Lyciwm oayeladum. Hig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig.2,the calyx. Fig. 8, the corolla eut open. Fig. 4, the pistil with half of the calyx cut away, that the persistent base of the corolla about the ovary may be seen : all magnified. PLATE 66. A. shows a small branch of Lyciwm roridum. Hig. 1, flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, calyx and style. Fig. 3, one of the teeth of its calyx. Fig. 4, corolla cut open showing stamens. Fig. 5, one of the stamens: all magnified. Fig. 6, berry in its persistent calyx. Fig. 7, seed: both nat. size. B. a portion of Lycium acutifolium. ig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, calyx. Fig. 3, corolla cut open showing the stamens. Fig. 4, the pistil, showing the ovary surrounded at its base by the persistent cup of corolla: all magnified. C. a portion of Lycium Afrum. Fig. 1, calyx. Fig. 2, corolla eut open. Fig. 3, stamen. Fig. 4, pistil surrounded by the induvial base of corolla: all somewhat magnified. D. a portion of Lycium glaucum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, calyx, Fig. 8, corolla cut open. Fig. 4, a stamen. Hig. 5, a portion of the corolla with the stamens removed, showing the pubescent summits of the nervures upon which the filaments are attached. Fig. 6, the pistil: all somewhat magnified. oe E. a fragment of Lycium echinatum. 1g. 1, aflower : nat. size. Fig. 2, corolla cut open. Fig. 3, half of the calyx removed, to show the enclosed stipitate ovarium surrounded at its ase by the small induvial cup of corolla: all magnified. F. a portion of Lyciwm tetrandrum. Fig. 1, flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, calyx. Fig. 3, corolla cut o en, showing inter- mediate tufts of hairs between Pence: Fig. de stamen seen iiclaordyl to show its mode of attachment to the corolla, on which is seen one of the tufts that alternate with the stamens. Fig. 5, half of the calyx removed, to show the pistil surrounded at its base by its induvial cup of corolla: all magnified. Pate 67. A. a fragment of Lyciwm tenue. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fi . 2, calyx. Fig. 3, corolla cut open showing be stamens : both magnified. ‘ - PRN ae DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. B. a sprig of Lycium pendulinum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the same. Fig. 8, corolla cut open. Fig. 4, pistil with half the calyx removed to show the cup-shaped remains of corolla: all magnified. C. a piece of Lycium pallidum. Fig. 1, a flower. Fig. 2, corolla cut open to show the stamens : both nat. size. Fig. 3, an anther seen before and behind. Fig. 4, the same after dehiscence. Fig. 5, trans- verse section of the last: all magnified. Fig. 6, pistil with half of the calyx removed, showing the persistent cup of corolla investing the ovary: nat. size. Fig. 7, stigma seen in front and sideways: magnified. D. end of a branch of Lyciwm fragosum : nat. size. Fig. 1, the calyx. Fig. 2, the corolla cut open, showing the stamens. Fig. 8, the pistil with half of the calyx removed : all magnified. E. a piece of Lyciwm implexum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2,thecalyx. Fig. 8, the corolla cut open. Fig. 4, the pistil with half the calyx cut away, to show the cupuliform remains of the corolla: all magnified. F. a portion of Lycium cestroides. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, corolla. Fig. 4, the same cut open to show the stamens and the cup-shaped base of the tube surrounding the ovary. ig. 5, the pistil, with half the calyx cut away: all magnified. Pate 68. A. a branchlet of Lyciwm elongatum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the same. Fig. 3, calyx. Fig. 4, corolla cut open. Fig. 5, pistil, with remains of corolla: all magnified. B. a fragment of Lyciwm fusewm : nat. size. : Fig. 1, corolla, Fig. 2, calyx. Fig. 3, corolla cut open. Fig. 4, pistil with half the calyx removed, to show the persistent base of corolla: all magnified. C. a portion of Lyciwm confertum, Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, calyx. Fig. 8, corolla, with its annular ring of hairs near the base. Fig. 4, corolla cut open. Fig. 5, pistil with half the calyx cut away, to show the persistent cup of corolla: all magnified. D. a piece of Lycium senticosum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the same. Fig. 8, calyx. Fig. 4, corolla cut open. Fig. 5, ovary surrounded by base of corolla, with half the calyx cut away: al/ magnified. ; DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. E. a fragment of Lycium barbinodum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig.2, calyx. Fig. 8, one of its 3-toothed lobes. Fig. 4, corolla cut open: all magnified. Fig. 5, anther seen from behind. Fig. 6, base of filament and mode of its insertion on the corolla: both still more magnified. Fig. 7, pistil, surrounded at base by the persistent cup of corolla: magnified. F, a branchlet of Lyciwm glomeratum : nat. size. Fig. 1, calyx. Fig. 2, corolla. Fig. 3, the same cut open to show the stamens. Fig. 4, pistil with half the calyx cut away, showing the cup-shaped base of corolla: all magnified. Prats 69. A. a small piece of Lyciwm nodosum. Fig. 1, a flower : nat. size. Fig. 2, the same : magnified. Fig.3,the calyx. Fig. 4, the corolla cut open, to exhibit the stamens. Pig. 5, side view of one of the stamens, showing the mode of its insertion on the corolla. Fig. 6, the pistil, with half the calyx removed, the ovary being half enclosed within the persistent base of the corolla: all magnified. B. a fragment of Lyciwm vimineum. Fig. 1, a flower : nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx: magnified. Fig. 8, the corolla. Fig. 4, the same cut open, showing the stamens and the intermediate tufts of hairs. Fig. 5, a stamen seen sideways, inserted on the corolla, with one of the intermediate tufts. Fig. 6, exterior view of an anther, with the manner of its attachment to the filament. ig. 7, the pistil, with half of the calyx removed, the ovary being half enclosed in the persistent base of the corolla: all magnified. C. a small specimen of Lyciwn brevipes. Fig. 1, a flower : nat. size. D. a portion of the lower part of a branch, and a piece of the upper flowering branchlet of Lyciwm Barbarum, from Kurdigras in Scinde. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, calyx. Fig. 3, corolla cut open, showing the stamens. ig. 4, the pistil, its base bein g enveloped by the induvial base of the corolla : all magnified. E. part of a branch of Lyciwm Turcomanicum. Fig. 1. a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open, showing the stamens. Fig. 4, the pistil, with the induvial base of the corolla: all magnified. F. a branchlet of Lycium Edgworthii. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 8, the corolla cut. open to show the stamens. e 4, the pistil, the ovary being half enclosed in the persistent base of the corolla: all s ightly magnified. DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. Puate 70. A. a piece of Lycium Ruthenicum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig.3,the corollacut open. Fig. 4, section of portion of the corolla, showing the mode of insertion of the filaments, with the intermediate tufts. Fig. 5, the ovarium seated in the induvial cup of the corolla: ail magnified. B. a branchlet of Lycium vulgare. Fig. 1, flowers. Fig. 2, a corolla: nat. size. Fig. 3, the calyx. Fig. 4, the corolla cut open. Fig. 5, a stamen, showing the tuft of hairs near the base of the filament. Fig. 6, mode of insertion of the same on the corolla, with the intermediate tufts. ig. 7, half of the calyx, with the pistil seated in the induvial base of the corolla. Fig. 8, the stigma: all magnified. C. a portion of Lyciwm Tatarieun. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open, showing the peculiar form of the stamens. Fig. 4, half of the calyx, with the pistil seated in the induvial cup of the corolla: all magnified. D. part of a branch of Lyciwm ferocissimum. . Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig.3,the corolla cut open. Fig. 4, the glandular base of the filament. Fig. 5, half of the calyx, with the pistil seated in the induvial base of the corolla: all more or less magnified. E. a piece of Lyciwm capillare. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla. Fig. 4, the same cut open: all magnified. F. a fragment of Lyciwm floribundum. Fig. 1, a flower. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 8, the corolla: all nat. size. Fig. 4, the ealyx. Fig. 5, the corolla cut open. Fig. 6, half of the calyx, with the pistil seated in the induvial base of the corolla: all magnified. - Puare 71. A. is Lycium rachidocladum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the same. Fig. 8, the corolla. Fig. 4, the same cut open. Fig. 5, side view of a stamen with the mode of its insertion on the corolla. Fig. 6, a filament pilose at its base.’ Fig. 7, half of the calyx with the entire pistil, showing the ovary seated in the persistent base of the corolla: all magnified. B. is a branch of Lycium tenuispinosum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, one of its hairs. Fig. 4, the corolla. Fig. 5, the same cut open. Fig. 6, half of the calyx with the entire pistil, where the persistent base of the corolla is seen at its base: all more or less magnified. DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES, C. a piece of Lyciwm stolidum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the same. Fig. 3, the calyx. Fig. 4, the corolla cut open. Fig.5, shows the hairy base of the filament and the mode of its insertion on the corolla. ig. 6, half of the calyx and entire pistil with the ovary seated in the persistent base of the corolla: all magnified. Fig. 7, the fruit with the persistent calyx. #ig. 8, a seed seen front and sideways: both nat. size. Fig. 9, a seed. Fig. 10, a section of the same showing the embryo imbedded in albumen. fig. 11, the embryo extracted: all magnified. D. is Lycium spinulosum. Fig. 1, a flower. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 8, the corolla: all nat. size. Fig. 4, the calyx. Fig. 5, the corolla cut open. ig. 6, a stamen with the tuft of hair near its base: all magnified. E. a portion of Lyciwm infaustum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open, showing the tufts of hair on the filaments, with others intermediate upon the corolla. Fig. 4, a filament with its mode of insertion on the corolla: ald more or less magnified. F. part of a branch of Lyciwm Carolinianum. Hig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open. Fig. 4, base of filament with its mode of insertion on the corolla, ig. 5, pistil in the bottom of the calyx, with the ovary seated in the persistent base of the corolla. Fig. 6, the stigma: all more or less magnified. Puate 72. A. portion of a branch of Lyciwm ignarum. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open to show the position of the stamens. Fig. 4, a stamen attached to a portion of the corolla seen sideways. Fig.5, a filament seen in front, to show its basal gland: all magnified. B. a branchlet of Lyciwm filifolium. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, a corolla cut open, showing the stamens. Fig. 4, a filament attached to a portion of the corolla, seen sideways. 4g. 5, the same viewed in front, to show the basal gland: all magnified. C. part of a branchlet of Lycium salsum. #ig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx with a tooth detached, shown on a larger scale. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open. ig. 4, a filament attached to a portion of the corolla, seen sideways. Fig. 5, pistil seated within the induvial base of the corolla: all magnified. D. a fragment of Lyciwm Chilense, _ Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 8, a section of the same, with the pistil seated in the induvial cup of the corolla. Fig. 4, a corolla, with its annular ring above the base. Fig, 5, the. same cut open showing the stamens, ig. 6, a filament DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. attached to a portion of the corolla, seen sideways. Fig. 7, the same seen in front, to show its basal gland: all magnified. Fig. 8, three of its seeds: nat. size. Fig. 9, longitudinal section of a seed. ig. 10, its embryo extracted: both magnified. E. a portion of Lyciwm pubescens. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, a calyx. Fig. 3, a corolla cut open. Fig. 4, lower portion of tube of corolla, with the stamens removed, to show the intermediate tufts of hair. Fig. 5, the pistil seated within the induvial cup of the corolla: all mag- nified. Fig. 6, a berry enclosed in its persistent calyx : nat. size. F. a piece of Lyciwm Patagonicum. Fig. 1, a corolla, with its annular tuft of hair near its base. Fig.2,acalyx. Fig. 3, half of the same removed, to show the enclosed pistil seated in the induvial base of the corolla. Fig. 4, a corolla cut open, showing the stamens and intermediate tufts of hair. Fig. 5, a filament seen edgeways, attached to a portion of the corolla, on which one of the intermediate tufts is shown, as well as the external hairy ring. ig. 6, the same seen in front, to show its basal gland: all magnified. Puate 73. A. a portion of Lyciwm scoparium: nat. size. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig.2,the corolla cut open. Fig. 3, thecalyx. Fig. 4, the pistillum. Fig. 5, a stamen: all magnified.” B. a young branch of Lyciwm scoparium, var. lineare: nat. size. Fig. 1, the calyx. Fig. 2, the corolla cut open. Fig. 3, two of the stamens with a portion of the corolla, seen in front. Fig. 4, the same, seen edgeways. ig. 5, half of the calyx removed, with the enclosed pistil seated in the induvial cup of the corolla : all magnified. C. a branchlet of Lycium scopariwm, var. confertifolium : nat. size. Fig. 1, a calyx. Fig. 2,a corolla. Fig. 3, half of the calyx removed, showing the enclosed pistil: all magnified. D. a piece of Lycium scoparium, var. divaricatum: nat. size. Fig. 1, a calyx. Fig. 2,a corolla. Fig. 3, the same cut open. Fig. 4, a stamen detached, to show its basal gland: all magnified. E. a fragment of Lyciwm scopariwm, var. affine. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2,0 calyx. Fig. 3, a corolla cut open. Fig. 4, beset ood of the corolla, with the stamens removed, to show the intermediate basal tufts. : F. a portion of Lyciwm Grevilleanum, in fruit. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, a calyx. Fig. 8, corolla cut open. Fig. 4, a stamen detached, to show its basal gland: all more or less magnified. e DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. Puate 74. A. part of a branchlet of Lyciwm erosum. Fig. 1, a flower. Fig. 2, the corolla: both nat. size. Fig. 3, a calyx. Fig. 4, the corolla cut open, showing the position of the stamens, Fig. 5, a filament with its basal gland. Fig. 6, the pistil: all more or less magnified. B. is Lycium Gilliesianum in fruit. C. represents Coleophora gemmiflora. Fig. 1, is a raceme taken from the trunk of a very lofty tree: nat. size. Fig. 2, one of the bracts shown sideways. Fig. 8, a front view of the same. Fig. 4, the perigonium in bud. Fig. 5, the same expanded. Fig. 6, the same cut open to show the position of the stamens, and the enclosed pistil. Fig. 7, stamens seen in different positions, to show the manner of dehiscence of the anthers. Fig. 8, a globule of pollen. Fig. 9, the pistil, with the perigonium cut open and thrown bie to show the mode of their attachment at the base. Fig. 10, the pistil removed, showing the stipitate ovary surrounded at base by its 4-lobed funnel-shaped nectary. Fig. 11, the nectary with four unequal lobes. Fig. 12, the pistil upon its long stipes, and a portion of the wall of the ovary cut away to show its ovule suspended in its single cell. Fig. 13, the ovule extracted: all more or less magnified. Prartz 75. Shows a drawing of Triguera ambrosiaca in flower and in fruit. Fig. 1, a flower, with its pedicel seated in the articulated joint of the main peduncle. Fig. 2, the corolla. Fig. 3, the same cut open to show the stamens. Fig. 4, the pistil with the calyx thrown back: ail nat. size. Fig. 5, the stamens seen in front, showing the manner of their insertion upon the free annular ring, with a portion of the base of the corolla to which it is there attached. Fig. 6, a stamen seen from the back. Fig. 7, a front view of the same, to show the mode of its dehiscence. Fig. 8, the stigma and portion of the style: all more or less nified. Fig.9, the ripe capsule invested by the persistent calyx. _ Fig. 10, the same with the calyx removed, showing the irregular mode of its laceration into two halves, not by the usual mode of separation into distinct valves. Fig. 11, the lower half of the same with the seeds removed, to show the dissepi- ment. Fig. 12, two of the seeds: all nat. size. Fig. 13,aseed. Fig, 14, the same, seen edgeways. Fig. 15, the same, with half of the testa removed. Fg. 16, the albu- men extracted. Fig. 17, a section of the same, showing th b ead, (Pes the embryo ES showing the embryo enclose ig. 1 Pare 76. Represents Atropa acwminata. Fig. 1, a flower-bud seen from above, to show the mode of xstivation of the corolla. Fig. 2, a flower fully blown. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open to show the position of the stamens: all nat. size. Fig. 4, a stamen : magnified. Fig. 5, the viatit with the calyx thrown back, to show the hypogynous gland at the base of the ovary: nat. size. Fig. 6, the stigma: magnified, Fig. 7, a transverse section of the ovary showing the nite of DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. placentation : magnified. Fig. 8, the ripe fruit with its persistent. calyx. Fig. 9, some of its seeds: both nat. size. Fig. 10, a seed. Fig. 11, a section of the same, showing the embryo imbedded in albumen, Fig. 12, the embryo extracted. Puate 77, A. is a figure of Withania JSrutescens. Fig. 1, a flower. Fig. 2, the corolla. Fig. 3, the same cut open, showing the in- sertion of the stamens. Fig. 4, the calyx. Fig.5, the pistil: all nat. size F ig. 6, the same. Fig. 7, two of the stamens: both magnified. Fig. 8, the persistent augmented calyx containing the fruit. Fig. 9, the berry taken out of the calyx. Fig. 10, a trans- verse section of the same, with an included seed, showing its bilocular structure. Fig. 11, a seed seen in front and edgeways : all nat. size. Fig. 12, the same. Fig. 13, section of the same, showing the embryo imbedded in albumen : both magnified. B. is Withania aristata. Fig.1,aflower. Fig. 2, the corolla. Fig. 3, the calyx. Fig. 4, the corolla eut open : all nat. size. Fig. 5, two of the stamens. Fig. 6, the stigma, with a portion of the style: both magnified. Fig. 7, the berry seated in the augmented persistent calyx. Fg. 8, the same removed. Fig. 9, a transverse section of the same. Fig. 10, seeds seen in different positions: all nat. size. Fig. 11, a seed. Fig. 12, section of the same, showing the embryo imbedded in albumen. Fig. 18, the embryo extracted : all magnified. Prate 78. Is a representation of Anisodus luridus. Fig. 1, a flower in bud, to show the mode of its estivation. Fig. 2, the same ex- panded. Fig. 3, the corolla. Fig. 4, the same cut open, showing the insertion of the stamens : all nat. size. Fig. 5, the stamens seen in different positions: somewhat mag- nified. Fig. 6, the pistil: nat. size. Fig. 7, the same, exhibiting the lobed fleshy hypogynous disk that invests the ovary. Fg. 8, longitudinal section of the same: ‘both magnified. Fig. 9, the berry enclosed in the persistent calyx. Fig. 10, the same with the calyx removed. Fig. 11, a transverse section of the same, showing the mode of its placentation. Fig. 12, the fleshy berry become dried and coriaceous, showing the mode of its opercular dehiscence, and also the thick coriaceous dissepiment. Fig. 13, seeds: all nat size. Fig. 14, a seed seen in front and sideways, showing the position of the hilum. Fig. 15,'a section of the same, with the embryo imbedded in albumen : all magnified. Prats 79. A. shows Hyoscyamus pictus. Fig. 1,isaflower. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla. Fig. 4, the same cut open : all nat. size. Fig. 5, a stamen seen edgeways, to show the mode of its insertion on the corolla. Fig. 6, the transverse section of ananther: both magnified. Fig.7, the pistil with the calyx thrown back: nat. size. Fig. 8, the ovary, showing the large epigynous gland, and the articulation of the style in a cavity in its summit. Fig. 9, a longitudinal DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. section of the same, exhibiting also the mode of placentation. Fig. 10, a transverse section of the same: all magnified. Fig. 11, a capsule in the persistent and augmented calyx, half of which has been cut away. Fig. 12, the same with the calyx removed, showing its opercular summit. Hig. 13, the same, with the operculum, formed from the epigynous gland of the ovary, separated by a circumscissile line of dehiscence ; the dissepiment which divides the capsule into two cells is there seen. Fig.14, the same reversed, to show the manner in which it has separated from the dissepiment. Fig. 15, seeds : all nat. size. Fig. 16, a seed with its somewhat lateral hilum. ig. 17, a section of the same, with the embryo imbedded in albumen. ig. 18, the embryo separated : all magnified. B. is an analysis of Mandragora officinarum. Fig.1,a flower. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open: all nat. size. Fig. 4, the stamens seen before and behind, and sideways as affixed to the corolla; the section of the anther is also given: magnified. Fig. 5, the pistil, with the calyx thrown back: nat. size. Fig. 6, the ovary with its hypogynous gland. Fig. 7, transverse section of the same, showing the mode of placentation. Fig. 8, the stigma: all mag- nified. Fig. 9, the berry enclosed in the persistent calyx. Fig. 10, the same with the calyx removed. Fig. 11, seeds: all nat. size. Fig. 12, aseed with half of the testa removed. Fig. 13, the albumen. Fig. 14, section of the same with the embryo enclosed. Fig. 15, the embryo extracted: all magnified, Prats 80. Is a drawing of Physochlena rubricaulis made from better specimens grown a year sub- sequent to the description given in the text. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the corolla. Fig. 3, the same cut open. Fig. 4, stamens seen before and behind. Fig. 5, the pistil with its hypogynous disk: all mag- nified. Fig. 6, the capsule enclosed in the persistent calyx. Fig. 7, the same removed from the calyx. Fig. 8, the same with its operculum separated. Fig. 9, seeds: all nat. size. Hig. 10, a seed with half of the testa removed. Fig. 11, a section of the albumen, with the enclosed embryo. Fig. 12, the embryo removed: all magnified. Prats 81. Represents Scopolia Carnioliaca. Fig. 1, a flower in bud, nat. size, to show the plication of the tube and the quincuncial mode of imbrication of its teeth in westivation. Fig. 2, the flower expanded. Fig. 8, the corolla. ig. 4, the same cut open: all nat. size. Fig.5, anthers seen before and behind : magnified. Fig. 6, the pistil with its hypogynous disk: nat. size. Fig. 7, longitudinal section of the ovary. Fig. 8, the stigma. Fig. 9, one of the articulated hairs of the pubescence: all magnified. Piare 82. Is a drawing of Anthocercis viscosa. Fig. la flower in bud. Fig. 2, a diagram giving the disposition of its several parts : the outer whorl consists of the five teeth of the ideo ; the i, the segments Pe ihe DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. corolla, showing the different manner of their involution in estivation; the third, the position of the one sterile and the four fertile stamens, with the ovary in the centre. #ig. 3, the corolla cut open while yet in wstivation: all nat. size. Fig. 4, one of the extrorse stamens seen in front, from behind, and sideways. Fig. 5, grains of pollen. 41g. 6, the stigma. Fig. 7, a transverse section of the ovary, showing its manner of placentation : all more or less nified. Fig. 8, the capsule in the state of dehiscence, in the persistent calyx. Fig. 9, the dissepiment, always incomplete towards the summit, with its placenta. ig. 10, seeds: all nat. size. Fig. 11, a seed. Fig. 12, a section of the albumen, with the embryo enclosed. F, tg. 18, the embryo extracted: all magnified. PLate 83. A. is Anthocereis littorea. Fig. 1, a flower. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla. Fig, 4, the pistil. Fig. 5, the corolla cut open: all nat. size. ig. 6, stamens seen before and behind: magnified, Fig. 7, the capsule opened, in its persistent calyx. Fig. 8, transverse section of the same. ig. 9, a seed: all nat. size. Fig. 10, a seed: magnified. B. is Anthocercis ilicifolia. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the corolla cut open: magnified. Fig.3, stamens seen before and behind: more magnified. Fig. 4, capsule: nat. size. Fig. 5, pistil: magnified. C. is Anthocercis gracilis. Fig. 1, a flower. Fig. 2, the corolla: both nat. size. 28 3, the corolla cut open. Fig. 4, two of the stamens. Fig. 5, the pistil, with the calyx thrown back. Fig. 6, the hypogynous disk at the base of the ovary: all magnified. Fig. 7, the capsule and persistent calyx. Fig. 8, the capsule with one of the valves thrown back, to show the dissepiment in its position. Fig. 9, a seed. Fig. 10, the dissepiment seen in front and sideways: all nat. size. D. is Anthocercis genistoides. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. mth 3, the corolla. Fig. 4, the same cut open. Fig. 5,astamen. Fig. 6, the pistil with half of the calyx removed : all nified. — Puiate 84. A. is a sketch of Cyphanthera frondosa. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig.3,the corolla. Fig. 4, the same cut open to show its extrorse stamens. Fig. 5, a stamen before and after dehiscence : all magnified. ae B. is Cyphanthera Tasmanica. Fig. 1, a flower : nat. size. Hig. 2, the corolla. Fig. 3, the same cut open: both magnified. Fig. 4, the capsule in its persistent calyx. Fig. 5, seeds: both nat. size. C. is Cyphanthera cuneata. ig. 1, the termination of a flowering branch in bud, to show the mode of articulation of the pedicels out of a thick cup: magnified. Fig.2,a flower : nat. size. Fig. 3, the same. Fig. 4, the calyx. Fig. 5, the corolla cut open. Fig. 6, tlie pistil with its hypogynous disk : ali magnified. - D. is Cyphanthera albicans. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES. Pate 85. A. is a drawing of Cyphanthera tomentosa. B. is Cyphanthera scabrella. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. F ig. 2, the same. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open. Fig. 4, the pistil. Fig. 5, the ovary seated in its free hypogynous disk, and showing the articulated base of the style: all magnified. C. is Cyphanthera ovalifolia. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the same. Fig. 3, the corolla cut open. Fig. 4, the pistil, with the calyx thrown back: all magnified. Fig. 5, the capsule in the persistent calyx. Fig. 6, the same in the dehiscent state, removed from the calyx. Fig. 7, the dissepiment incomplete at the summit. Fig. 8, a seed: all nat. size. Fig. 9, a seed. Fig. 10, the albumen. Fig. 11, the embryo extracted, seen in two different positions : all magnified. Ak Aa eh Se D. is Cyphanthera microphylla. Fig.1,a flower: nat. size. Fig.2,thesame. Fig.3, the calyx with the pistil enclosed. Fig. 4, the corolla cut open. Fig. 5, the ovary seated in its free hypogynous disk, and crowned by an epigynous 4-grooved gland, into which the style is articulated. ig. 6, the hypogynous disk. Fig. 7, a transverse section of the ovary, to show the mode of mtation: all magnified. Fig. 8, the capsule in its persistent calyx. Fig.9, a seed : oth nat. size. Fig. 10, the capsule in the dehiscent state. Fig. 11, the dissepiment imeomplete at its summit: both magnified. Prats 86. Is a drawing of Anthotroche pannosa. Fig..1, a flower, with its respective bract. Fig. 2, the same with the corolla removed. Fig. 3, the corolla: all nat. size. Fig. 4, the calyx. Fig. 5, the same more expanded to show the pistil. Fig. 6, the corolla seen sideways. Hig. 7, a flower fully expanded. Fig. 8, the corolla cut open to show the position of the extrorse stamens. Fig. 10, the stamens seen from before, behind, and sideways, before and after dehiscence. Fig. 11, the pistil with the ovary surrounded by its adnate hypogynous disk. Fig. 12, a transverse _ section of the ovary: all more or less magnified. Fig. 13, the capsule in its persistent calyx. Fig. 14, the same removed from the calyx. Fig. 15, the incomplete dissepiment : all nat. size. Fig. 16, the same, showing the placentary attachment of the seeds. Fig. 17, the same seen sideways : both magnified. Fig. 18, aseed: nat. size. Fig. 19, the same. Fig. 20, the albumen: both magnified. Fig. 21, articulated hairs of the pubescence : highly magnified. hers” Bee, | sek | oy. Prare 87. ° e Is a representation of Duboisia myoporoides. Fig. 1, a flower: nat. size. Fig. 2, the calyx. Fig. 3, the corolla, showing the line _ of its circumscissile rupture. Fig. 4, the pga with half of the sai out away, showing the ovary seated in the persistent base of the corolla. Fig. 5, the corolla cut open, showing the relative position of the fertile and sterile stamens. Fig. 6, an extrorse stamen seen from behind and before : all magnified. Fig. 7, the fruit in its persistent — calyx. Fig. 8, a transverse section of the same. Fig. 9, seeds: all nat. size. Fig. 10, aseed. ig. 11, a longitudinal section of the same, showing the embryo imbedded in albumen. Fig. 12, the embryo seen in front and sideways: all magnified. Plate 36. a mgt re ere ~o ve gales ein een trata * Brachi Printed by ist Brachistus hebephyllus. t J.Miers lithog. eae s * vlimandel & * ‘lanceefolius. IStUS Brachistus oblonéifo 7 4 1u8 Brachistus dimorphus. Pronted by Hulimandel & Walton Plate 38. / A ae = e : me ae : Printed by Hullmandel & W eo * * _. Saracha auriculata. Saracha propinqua. aM ‘ Printed by Hullmandel & Walton. J. Maers hthog. : : | : Dewile eh | es ; : 7 J p xT P T : : ee 1s ; il} 5 Saracha glandulosa. Physalis Peruviana. Physahs ¢racilis. * Plate 40 o Printed by Hullmandel & Walton. Nectouxia bella. wis gs Miers lithog. Plate 4]. Printed by Hullmandel& Walton. Phro dus Bridges. tae Printed by Hullmandel & Walton. Phrodus nodosus. Phrodus mi crophyllus. Seseneeonena ea Printed by Hullmandel & Walton. ee Nicandra physaloides. oe 2 ee Miers, ith. Printed by Hullmandel & Walton. dnert. Chocarpus Gar J. Miers, li Plate 45. : J. Miers, ith. & Zs of / Zo J. Miers thos. as Juanulloa, Panamens + Plate 47 er ap, oe nearer, sorta tae oe * Cl1lOSa. Sarcophysa spe Plate 48. Plate 49. Mey ed Rad, edeyaa hoa AMiers lithog. J Miers lithog . - ‘és ¢ Printed. by Hullmandel & Walton. oe __-‘Thinogeton Miersii. set ate te at Vp e ieee . 2 NE es oe gear asta, PORE ‘ator Printed by Hullmande! & W J.Miers lithog. Salpiglossis purpurea J, Plate & item _ Pteroglossis laxa . Ford & 7 st ip. Bish JMiers. del* 6p Browallia tenella. a Plate 54 *~. JMiers del! nitida. & ay 2) —) ee ron = new mM 2 VY Miere del! . JMiers del’ Plate 58. ; = G ee | ee. ee anh, a 3 SS 4 : et ; cy Hie se ae j ta ia ’ vw" Es ee es > oF al seeing a Br Leuvcophyllum campanulatum. JMiers . del? ¥ y t \ Vy f JMiers.del" : | Franciscea cCanitata. pees ay ae ‘Plate 62, : Sect .1.Bestranthus as ove @ 803 Sect.2. Chaetochilus. Ford & West Imp. Plate 64. Ford. & West imp. r Plate.6 ae ed Ford & West. ree Plate 66. * ? | cos. . Plate.67 Plate 68. LYCIUM. © 5 cai ne Plate 69. B 1 Edgworthii W West. Imp Ye, ‘ L. Capillare. : lata , a Bie ine Lrachidocladum 1,.Ghilense. hei eS ws wy L. seéparnm var divaricatum L. Grevilleanam W West Im ee Plate. 74. R Lb L. Gilliesiamum LYCIUM. C " WE, ee = 6 a Ae 8 . coleophara gemmiflora hie car J Miers del. Ehz M Wing hth. W.West Ip “or Prmted by Hullmandel & Walton, J. Miers, lith. . a a ee be ke rap NM AM Gm ea ye yeh z » we ’ . ee ‘ ( ¥ reat a Gua patent * - i“ ME: A cat Pr b sae f x - ‘ * a i é ie 2 # . . : ; ¥ ne ; ‘ 3 i t La ae tks . : “) oe ae 4 ‘< “2 . . Pd “Withania. frutesceris. es es : ee ae parte Scat r te ape cig ie a ‘eg ‘w * » late 7. ee ti > - : ee oo ee Printed by Hullmandel Wilton __ Phvsochienarubricauis = i st Plate 81. Se ee es By Plate 82. Printed by Hulhnandel & Walton. Anthoéercis viscosa. J. Miers, lith. A. genistoides , W.West imp ANTHOCERCIS. J Gers d L Elz. M. Wing lith, Plate 4 ¥ C. Tasmanica. albicans, c \,. W. West Imp. C.frondosa. CYPHAN THERA J.Miers del. Biz. MWing ith Plate 85 C. tomentosa. C. scakrella. B : C. ovalifolia . C. microphylla. . S F, | { | a7 7a vi vd / \ J \ " D BY JMiers del. Eliz M Wing ith CY PHAN THERA W West Ta. aris aarp “evden of