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NOTULA AD PLANTAS ASIATICAS.

ee

Part IVY,

DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS.

BY THE LATE

WILLIAM GRIFFITH, Esgq., F. L. S.

MEMBER OP THR IMPERIAL ACADBMY NATURE CURIOSORUM AT BONN: CORRESPON-

EMBER AND FOR SOME TIME VICE-PRESIDENT OF THE
AGRI-HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF INDIA,

Assistant Surgeon on the Madras Establishment and a short time ua
tendent of the Garden, Calcut
Malacca, |

ipany's Botanic
subsequently Civil Assistant Surgeon,

ARRANGED BY

BY JOHN M‘CLELLAND, F.L.S.,

Surgeon, Bengal Service, *

Calcutta:
PRINTED BY CHARLES A. SERRAO.

PREFACE.

Wira regard to the old opinion of spiral vessels
being confined to flowering plants only, it may be re-
marked that they have been found in Lycopodiacez by
Mr. Valentine. Indeed, they exist in abundance, sim-
ple and compound, in the gyrate portions of the
rachis in many, perhaps all Filices; not that their pre-
sence depends on this gyration, but on the later deve-
lopment of these parts: since it is found that nothing
but ducts are present in the older parts of many PEU
while they occur with spiral vessels in the younger. ——

"This was a mere assumption and until all and every.
link € MA deber tne ie iy a
eus as afc We BE od. iouslituent of the .
latter to be esexual because as yet we are ec
ignorant of their reproductive organs. —

That the age of Ede vec dein know

li PREFACE.

order is dodicandrous. The stamina being arranged in
3 series of which the outermost is incomplete, the two
lateral ones or those opposite the lateral sepals being
alone developed, but they are still smaller than the
others which form the intermediate series, and which
are consequently opposite the petals. The innermost
is represented by 4 glands evidently situated on the
same plane, or forming a single verticel, and these are
placed opposite the sepals, the two lateral ones being
placed within the corresponding stamina. I attach
considerable importance to the fact of the 2 stamina
opposite the lateral sepals being invariably. smaller,
asit points out a tendency towards the total disap-
pearance of the outer series. It will be seen that this
view accords much with Mr. Lindley’s : particularly as
regards the incompletion of the outer series.

"^

\ With regard to the composition of the pistillum, 1-
ücline to Mr Lindley's opinion. I think that there
are evident traces of 4 stigmata and. consequently of
as many styles: and these stigmata are so placed,
ees opposite the sepals, that the idea of their

puce considerable strength from the consideration of
the form and structure of the style, and its supply of
vascular fascicles, these are 4, occupying the axis of
ie 4 pen The centre is occupied by i a transverse

Pn ———— ME

PREFACE. lil

are 4. If the placentiferous valves were portions of the
sterile (right and left) valves, such would not be the
case. Then taking into consideration the want of con-
tinuity of structure between the two, I think there is
very little doubt of the accuracy of Mr. Lindley’s
theory. |

In Thlaspi Y find traces, although obscure, of a qua-
ternary division of the stigma, and as in the instance
cited before, the divisions are opposite the sepals, a
fact on which great stress is evidently to be laid. The
alternation of the four larger stamens (which are op-
posite the anterior and posterior sepal) is obscure, still
the anticous and posticous stamina, which should be
opposite the placenta are evidently wanting, the small-
er are as usual opposite the lateral sepals, while the
glands instead of being opposite the sepals, are op-
posed to the petals. "The larger stamina still seem to
belong to the petals, some allowance being made for
displacement. In this case the 5th series, or the se-
cond calycine one is totally wanting. Thus probably
Thlaspi is 16 androus. The following numbers refer
to the series as I have supposed them:

3. Two kini developed.
4. Glands.
5. Wanting.
6. Desdopot but displaced.
7. Carpellary leaves. ar
‘The style has 4 Vascular: fascicles and an =
line in the centre. —

In cee! Nasturtium ‘ieee collection no. 4 abt) "s

iv PREFACE.

a similar arrangement takes place, but a gland exists op-
posite the anterior and posterior sepal, so that the outer-
most series may be said to be more complete. There is
no trace of a 4-nary division of the stigma, still I assume
it from the transverse sulcus visible on the surface of
the stigma dividing it into an anterior and posterior
lobe, but I have not been ableto ascertain the number
of vascular fascules of the style. The numbers refer
as before,

1, Sepals.

2. Petals. :
3. 2 glands, 2 stamens.
4. Glands.
5. Wanting.
6. Stamens.
7. Carpellary leaves. 1836.

Anonacee.—In the Ovulum of Artabotrys odoratissi-
mus the foramine and secundine adhere, the latter has
a fungous opening which projects beyond that of the
primine

From a perfectly developed flower during impregna-
tion, the ovary is 2-ovulata, ovulis basi Joli sts
collateralibus. 1835.
| Magnoliacez.—ln Magnolia pumila the dpud are situ-
ated transversely, that is, the raphe is not anterior
or posterior, but lateral with respect only to the axis of
the ovarium or the placenta. The secondine is quite
| a The excavation of the Roulens is also Pagi
| ditte 3 . 1835. :

EEIE AT BUNTE NENNEN IR SC REPE NS DIS ERU IN E TENER

Ed

PREFACE. v

males, and with four ovaria: the situation of the pla-
cental suture, which is anticous, is however an in-
superable objection. "The ovarium is never straight,
nor is the incurvation of its apex gradual, but almost
sudden. The spurious dessespement is a mere increase
of growth of the placenta or rather of the part sustain-
ing it, and it consequently does not consist of two
plates. It is not a true drupe, since it is the testa
which has become osseous, as is evident from the pre-
sence of the micropyle on it. In addition to which I
have traced its development. The albumen is copi-
ous, and the radicle superior. The cotyledons are
incumbent or rather they are opposite the narrow and
true faces of the seed. The testa at a very early period
(but after fecundation) has contracted an adhesion
with the pericarp.

Dipterocarpee—The saul, Shorea robusta, a gigantic
Dipterocarpus exists in Upper Assam, lat. 28 N. Two
species are found at Moulmein lat. 17 N. besides many
other species representatives of other generi of this
family.

Hamamelacee.—Fothergilla has the dix truncate
irregularly toothed. The filaments do not seem to be
a multiple of the floral envelopes. They vary in num-
ber from 18 to 23 or 24. The anthers are quadran-
gular, not turned inwards and open longitudinally. The |

cells of the endothecum are ovate or globose, and. the

fibres well marked. In one case T found 2- filaments :
antheriferous proceeding Mm a common. one; in that

vi PREFACE.

anthers. DeCandolle sugzests that the outer series may
be transformed petals.

Petals are frequently transformed into stamina in
Bucklandia, which is exstipulate. The anthers are val-
vular in Sedgiwickia and Fothergilla. The ovula are
12 in Bucklandia, the lower two of each cell becom-
ing perfect seeds. They are indefinite in Sedgiwickia
in which the lowermost only, and that not often, is
perfected. Both these genera have the calyx of Fother-
gilla and the wood of Conifere. Mr. Lindley is
mistaken in assigning deciduous valves to the anthers ;
this I think is mentioned by Mr. Brown as occur-
rng only in Hammallis sinensis.

The valves of Bucklandia are very unequal, both
. are permanent. This genus is remarkable for having
its buds which are always terminal enveloped in two
scales, resembling much in form and situation stipula.

Haloragee.—In Mynophyllum tetrandium Roxb.,
the seeds are arcuate and the embryo is necessarily
curved.

Circeacee.—One species occurs on the Khasyah

Rhizophoree.—The stamina in Rhizophora mangle
are not twice the number of the petals but varying
from 9 to 12. In Rhizophora as I limit it, they do not

at all spring from the same points as the petals. The —

spibend in this genus are multilocellar the cuticle sepa-

: valves a as s the calyx i is

and perhaps in. Carallia. In

Tu PER BIA EIE TOT NE UN NUS IER STREET

hsdid lm AM f CE Wee

Es Te PIER OE Re e IM

rl throughout into anticotus and —

Upper went

PREFACE. vii

Rhizophora and Bruguiera decandra the cotyledons are
fleshy and capped by the original integument of the
ovula; eight species of this genus are found on the
Tenasserim coast only. Rhizophora and Bruguiera are
natives of the shores of the tropics. Carallia is an
inland marshy genus.

The peculiarity of the anthers was first hinted at by
Jacquin and subsequently remarked upon by Mr.
Brown, all others seem to have neglected it.

Melastomacee..—Although Mr. Brown in the ap-
pendix to Captain Tuckey's Voyage, first pointed out
the peculiar situation of the anthers during estiva-
tion, I may remark that it was not overlooked by
Dr. Roxburgh, see his account of Osbeckia tetandria
Flora India, vol. 2, p. 224. The manuscript of which
is of a prior date to that of the Appendix.

In India this family is not limited to the tropics,
Sarcopyramis of which at least 3 species exist is cer-
tainly extra tropical, so are some species of Sonerila,
Melastoma malabathrica is found as far as 28 N. and
most probably further.

Memecylee.—One species of Moser rion. M. pellucido
punctatum, has as its name denotes pellucid dots.

Mr. Brown's statement in Tuckey's Voyage, that this
Order does not differ sufficiently from Mestoma is
borne out by the existence of a Burmese genus. Ap-

. terixis trinervis M. in which the leaves are ribbed, and
the fruit entirely melastomaceous although of a very

r structure, while the flowers exactly resemble
those of Memecylon, with the exception of course of
the ovary. The number 9 in |

| bryo being developed outside of the nucleus, and in —

vili PREFACE,

in the ovula of Memecylon and at one time I thought
it to be so definitely.

Myrtacee.—1t is difficult to reconcile the structure

of the seeds of Careya and Barringtonia, but unless a
reversion of the usual direction has taken place, they
certainly are not dicotyledonous. The whole section
should be removed from Myrtacew and raised to the
rank of a distinct order.

Combretacee.—Mr. Brown's remarks upon this Order

in his Prod. so it cannot be said to be without a
character since a diagnosis is certainly given.

Species exist in India of Pentaptera and Combre-

tum as far north as 28* N. lat.

The flowers of Terminalia Bellerica have a villa-

nous sterco raceous odour.

Eleagnee. This Order is certainly due to Mr.

Brown, who first pointed out, that Jussieus Eleagne
contained three very distinct Orders, Santalacee, Elce-
agnee and Combretacee, and although he gives no
character, yet an essential diagnosis is contained in his
remarks : see Santalacew, Prod. 350-351.

The fruit of Elagne is generally excessively sour —
and astringent, One species is- eaten by the Bur- —
mese, and one by the Assamese. — 3

— Cytinee.—Mr. Brown has himself confuted his ori- —
ginal statement; spiral vessels do exist in Rafflesia. —

Santalacee.—The ovula of Santalum album differs — .
from all others with which I am acquainted in the em- -

ii NE HE ie SPI TOR NIE TIVE RR ate IEEE AU ARENA IRI. ad ER E

3 EL sion of what I call the albuminary mem-
— brane in the pomis of ib bep first — che

meer ee T

PREFACE, ix

Olacinee.—Among two or three instances of coin-
cidence of opinion with Mr. Brown, (I wish I
could say there were more) without previous knowledge
that such was the case, in my Mergui notule I re-

- ferred Olax towards Santalacee, in which Notule a

sketch of the structure of the ovarium will be found.

Stilaginee.—To this Order belongs Roxburgh's Ul-
mus integrifolia. In habit and stipulation it certain-
ly approaches to Cupulifere. In its ovarium, which
however is always binarily composed, direction of it
ovula their structure, and in habit it agrees with Eu-
phorbiaceze, especially in the presence of milky juice
which occurs in a Nepalese and Bootan genus Gym-
nobotrys.

Salicinee.—A few species occur in India within the
tropics, one occurs about Calcutta, and two in the Te-
nasserim coast.

Hippocrateacee—The trachea-like structure of the
spiral vessels connecting the testa and cotyledons in
Hippocratea, occurs in 2 Labiate, Salvia verbenacea,
and one Hyptis a native of Madras. In both the
trachez like threads are less highly developed than in
Collomia and Casuarina in which last they are perhaps
at the maximum.

Vitacee. —Vitis and Cissus do not differ according to _

Mr. Brown, all the species of the latter are to be re- ———

ferred to Vitis. The albumen is often 1 rimose in which

particular Leea agrees remarkably. This genus is

t y very nearly allied to this order, far more so -
than E Meliacæ with which — in e Mee
seeds. it differs ae e |

ture of its e -

x PREFACE.

Connaracee.—In Eurycoma (longifolia Jack? the
ovula are erect. After flowering however the non
abortive ovula is from an unequal growth of the ova-
rium, carried upwards to such a degree that the seed
becomes really pendulous.

Anacardiacee.—In Anacardium, the funiculus is la-
teral and even parietal. The ovula at a very early
period is transverse with respect to the axis, neither
the petals or stamens are perigynous, the stamens are
hypogynous, the petals inserted into the fleshy base of
the inflected portions. Dr. Sprengel wisely includes
this genus in Enneandria although he says, stamina
decem. -

In Mangifera, the stamens are distinctly hypogynous
and united at their bases into a short annulus. Into
this just below the sinus of the stamens, the petals are
inserted by a central spot, and not by the whole of
their bases. In this genus also the ovule is fixed
laterally; the funicle being adherent to the paries of
the ovarium. The foramen looks towards the bottom
of the ovarium.

. In the Diagnosis the leaves are said to be without pel-
lucid dots. Their definite stamens certainly do not
distinguish them from Leguminosæ.

. As the hypogynous insertion of stamina is certainly
the most natural no hypogynous order should have
perigynous staniina ascribed to it because one genus
: man to diem an n anomaly, and which Mr. Brown

CMM iud LLL M eL Lr i Lr rui E

PREFACE. xi

'The order is remarkable for a tendency to coalition
of the petals with the stamina, which is carried to
excess, as well as that of the stamina to the stalk of
the ovarium in Syndesmis.

Coriaree.—The raphe occupies that side of the ovu-
lum, which is next the dorsal suture of the ovary.
This is the case in the youngest stage in which I have
examined it, but still most likely subsequent to impreg-
nation. I cannot speak positively concerning any tor-
sion of the funiculus, although in one or two ins-
tances a semitorsion certainly appeared to exist, I have -
one from the Abor hills. N. Lat. 28, 10; E. Long. 95,
20.

Balsaminee.—The best proof of M. Kunth’s views
particularly regarding the spurred sepal being single, is
derived from the position of the stamens, the 5th which
is anticous being opposite the spur. It is the posti-
cous sepal which is wanting. Jussieu in his remarks
p- 270, hints at the real nature of the two exterior pe-

P Fiolatte. —From a casual examination of an A
sam species common in Lat. 28 N. [think that the
study of the fecundation in Viola would be very in-
teresting. It is difficult to imagine how the pollen
gets access to the stigma, since this projects beyond the
cone formed by the anthers for some time before the E
dehiscence of these organs. takes place. zs JT

Amarantacee.

ly hy emos, ae the tube of the [de v a

xil PREFACE.

becomes contracted above the ovarium. The contrac-
tion acts as a ligature, and actually presses into the fi-
laments, though to ensure fecundation the upper fila-
ments contract adhesions with the parietes of the calyx,
the lower remain in the form of 5 subulate hypogynous
processes, distinctly sphacelated at the apices. "These
process are visible in the ripe fruit on opening the
indurated base of the calyx.

Chioranthacee.—To this order must be referred
Houttuynia, the embryo of which is enclosed in a vi-
tellus. It agrees with the order in every respect. The
anatomy of the stem is decidedly dicotyledonous or
rather exogenous.

The small bractes underneath each flower have been
overlooked, and likewise the fact that the terminal
flower of each spike is sub 7-androus, and that it is
surrounded by several, 2-3.androus male flowers.
Thence Thunberg's uncertainty as to its real situation
in the sexual system; which may either be, judging
from the terminal flower Heptandria, or Polyandria,
or with still greater propriety Moncecize.

Piperacee.—The statement of the flowers of Pipe-
racez being hermaphrodite admits of much doubt,
some species are certainly unisexual. It is likewise to
be doubted cime all — flowers are not uni-
sexual.

The structure. of the stem of Piper is certainly

sd the fibro Maos and the fibrous,

tia

0 ON.

PREFACE. xiii

curious fact that the fibres of the former are always
punctate; while those of the latter, are not: it is these
only which are truly fibrous, the former being elon-
gated cells. "These true fibres exist in Piper either in
distinct fascicles when they are contiguous to the
fibro-vascular, from which they are always separated by
soft cellular tissue, and they are always situated to- —
wards the circumference of the stem, or they form a
continuous zone close to the bark.

This, in the genus under consideration is waxy,
the latter formed fibro-vascular fascicles occupying the -
concavities; the convexities corresponding to the |
green lines so conspicuously visible in many species
under the cellular integuments.

Podoslemea.—From an examination of two species
of Podostemon, I incline to the opinion of their be-
ing monocotyledonous, and that they are especiglly
related to Lemna and Pistia. I have not however
ascertained the existence of a foramen in the ovula,
nor have Í yet seen ripe seeds. From the invaribly
lateral situation of the stamina, and from the presence
of abortive filamentose ones on the column formed by
the cohesion of the filaments, I incline to think that
the flowers are monecious. In this genus a binary
arrangement is strictly followed even in the formation
of the pollen. One of the most striking features in -

this genus is its evascularity and in cni axis of in-

florescence being totally distinct. Dekoro, te: ‘18th

-. Since sees above was written 1 o ai
l , its seeds are euulbir

xiv PREFACE,

"Two species are found on the Khasiya Hills, both
are fixed to rocks or stones and both are half immers-

Epacridee.—One species is found at Singapore
which can scarcely be called or placed in Polynesia.

Campanulacee.—In Codonopsis and Cyclocodon
a curious anomaly occurs. The parallel of which is
to be looked for in Barclaya, I allude to the cohesion
of the tube of the corolla to the ovarium, that such
is the case I take it to be proved by the consideration
of a Khasiya species Cyclocodon distans, in which

the calyx is totally inferior and removed to some —

distance, from the base of the ovarium. M. A.
Decandolle has I believe described what I call the
calyx of Codonopsis as an involucrum. but this
view is not borne out by structure. Deboro, Feb.
28th, 1836.

Scevolea——One species of Scevola occurs abun-
dantly on the Tenasserim coast.

Three species occur in British Burma, betwedil the
parallels of 16,30 and 12th, Lat.

Cucurlitacea.—The anthers are one-celled at least
in several of the genera. They are always extrorse.

There is no arillus, a genuine arillus is an extension
of the funicle and never forms a perfectly closed
^ sac the seed. The “arillus” of Cucurbitacea
e É quit ab the placental tissue, it arises from the

TUTTI ea

c ocu of the part immediately surrounding the : à
i seed, as this is its origin, it is at once evident, that it —

Pe Se a eee PEA AR EE EREE A EA

PREFACE. XV

from the apex of a celled fruit. Suddiya, Augt. 13th,
1836.

Plumbaginea.—Agialities rotundifolia occurs in the
Sunderbunds, and abundantly about Mergui, 12. N. Lat.

Composita.—Jussieu does not define his corym-
bifere so he says. ‘Flores vel flosculosi omnes,
vel radiati.” See his observation upon the class
page 167.

Cichoracea.—Bellis and Carduus are both referred
here from inadvertence, Carduus is Cynarocephlous
according to the author himself. Sec. supra Carduus
benedictus. Bellis is Corymbiferous. The author
may however intend the three as instances of each
section, in which case there is no mistake.

Capripoliacee.—Hedera has the raphe internal!
the cotyledons alternate with it and are hence accum-
pent: They are often-however more or kean onus,
July 14th, 1836.

In what does it differ from Araliacee. I know
of no instance in which stomata are more abundant
than on the upper surface of the leaves of Hedera
terebinthase ?

Loranthee.—Loranthus differs from all other phze-
nogamous plants in the entire absence of ovula until
Secandatinn: has been effected. Viscum is a little -
higher in the scale of development, but its ovula -

. consist only of what I am disposed to call the albumi- -
. mary coat: with this genus Pantin: has especiall:

ecially
in its ae and ovula a a good deal of relation

E x = lensis, n of my observations on which, I sent

XVI PREFACE.

permanent nature to ensure the maturity of the
parasite: These plants are simply imbedded but
there is no interchange of structure, unless in the
case which not unfrequently happens of the sucker
of one passing into that of an other belonging to
the same plant..

Most of the accounts of the mode in which this para-
sitism occurs appear to be incorrect, at least
most of the Indian species, are not confined to union
by one spot. In these, roots are indefinitely thrown
out, which contract unions with the stock indifinitely.
- Deboro Mookh, Feb. 29th, 1836,

Asclepiadee.—The subject of impregnation in
this order has been lately cleared up and pushed to |
an extent certainly unequalled in any other branch 1
of organic Natural History. Brouginiart claims the I
honour of having discovered this, but I am inclined to |
give the whole credit to Dr. Brown, especially when
we take into consideration one very great error into
which Mr. Brougniart has fallen, I allude to his state-
ment of the dehiscence of the pollinias and conse-
quent fecundation occurring in the cells of the anther.
Mr. Brown has published his observations in the Linn.
Soc. Transactions, in which however he had traced the
tubes to, but not into, the ovula of Calatropis gigan-

tia—and about the same time traced them to the
placenta in Hoya viridiflora. Mr. Brown was the first
who traced them into the ovula. He tells me that
Treviranus had likewise succeeded. Wight has also
: ded in pairs gigantia. I have traced them
to the same point i in Dischidia Rafllesiana and bengha-

PREFACE. xvii

to Mr. Brown in 1835.* With reference to this I claim
the third place giving precedence to Mr. Brown
and Treviranus; but no one but myself has hitherto
traced them, I believe, in Asclepiadeous genera with
erect pollinia.

I may add that Dischidia agrees exactly with the
statement or description of the ovula of Asclipeas.
Deboro Mookh, Feb. 29th, 1836.

Gentianee.—In Sebza? the pollen is simple. The ~
testa, which is simple is made up of sinuous cells.
Feb. 23rd, 1833.

With Villarsia, Parnassia has many points in com-
mon in the situation of its stigmata with respect
to the placente, and in the want of albumen. All
these discrepancies may I think be explained. Gubro,
March 12th, 1836.

_Myrsinee.—It is a common character of this order
to have glandular, and even pellucidly dotted leaves.
So much so that a shrubby plant out of flower with |
such and alternate exstipulate leaves, may with toler-
able safety be referred to this order.

Samydee which agree in the above points are we are
told by Dr. Brown distinguished by the mixture of li- -
near and pellucid dots, but Dr. Wallich tells me that
the same thing occurs in some Myrsinez. Deboro:
Mookh, Feb. 29th, 1836. a

I have since seen the union of the two sorts of glan- i
E The subject is illustrated in an unique and most invaluable ot

of cabal constructed from his own original obser iby the
author, for the instruction of his Pupils in the Medical College of.

tite o o orn £o o maie

xvifi PREFACE.

dular dots in a species of Ardisie. Gubro, March 13th,
1836.

Orobancheze,—The testa of the seeds of Kgine-
tia indica is composed of fibrous cells. The fibres
being spirally arranged. Merguit, Oct. 1834.

Some cells of ordinary form being mixed up with
them. I should add that these fibres do not exist in
the ovula before fecundation has taken place. Deboro
Mookh, Feb. 29th, 1836.

Cyrtandracee.—Mr. Brown makes this a tribe of
Gesnerez, see his remarks under Aikinia. With regard
to the want of albumen I find traces of it in 3 species
of the order, and if as I suspect there is in Cyananthus
a tendency to union between the calyx and ovary, this
appears to be no objection to the union of the order
with Gesneree.

The embryo is certainly orthotropous. Deb. Mookh,
Feb. 29th, 1836.

Verbenacez.—In the whole of that section to which
Congea belongs, and of which the chief peculiarity con-
sists in the capitate flowers and involucra, the placenta
is central with 4 ovula hanging from near its apex.
With respect to M. Aug. St. Hilaires assertion
regarding the ovula being erect, I can only say, that
Vitex has certainly pendulous ovula, Avicennez is in
all respects as genuine a constituent of this order as
many of the section to which I have above alluded,
and with which in the structure of its ovarium it
agrees entirely, — .—

x Verbena has the 5th sepal posterior, the 5th petal is
conse scd anterior and it is external in zstivation.

o MEPMERMUMQSIUCUU PEE UP iiia ia a liam ia )
TEET i

PREFACE. xix

The pistil is easily separable into two portions. The
ovula are attached to the bottom of the cells, the
foramen is inferior. The carpella are anterior and
posterior: thence 2 of the cells are spurious and
owing as in several others of the family to external
productions of the placenta. The style has two
vascular bundles, at the back of either stigma it is
prolonged into a tooth-like process.

In Zapania nudiftora, the ovary is two celled. The
ovula before fecundation are appense, but rather
inclining to pendulous. The foramen is inferior, after
fecundation the upper part of the ovulum undergoes
the greater change and the ovulum hence becomes
erect. Burrumpootra, April 2nd, 1836,

Labiate.—The didynamy of some Labiate differs
from the usual form, in the upper pair of stamens
being the longer. See the Mergui species of Ocymoidea
described in the appendix of this volume. Salvia
verbenacea has some what, the structure of Collomia.
That is immersed x water abundance of spiral fibres
make their app

This fact I bad pe ta in England certainly
in 1831. It has since been mentioned as a new dis-
covery in the Reports of the British Association. De-
boro Mookh, Feb. 29th, 1836.

The style has two vascular fascicles, and at least:

in Anisomeles nearly the whole superior surface a Um
the lobes of style so that tue foramen is turned

away towards the circumference, the stig: atic tissue
is divided at the base of the style into | four bundles
one of which pes off to each ovarium. The

; 5d PREFACE.

situation of the raphe is however in Boraginez Cy-
nanchum and Myosotes apparently reversed, the fora-
men being turned inwards, and pointing to the base
of the style. But this instead of being an exception
is a remarkably strong proofin favour of the univer-
sality of the law directing the situation of the raphe
since in Cynanchum in which the ovaria subsequently
become straight, the raphe is at length next the axis
and almost, in all those in which the ovaria remain
inverted; there is a similar tendency shewn by the
radicle becoming superior, apex of the lobes of the style
stigmatic, in Gomphostemma the raphe is next the
axis.

Boraginee.—In an Assamese genus nearly allied
to Cynoglossum, the radicle is inferior. In another it
is towards the situation of the foramen, which in all is
inferior and on the inner side of the funicle, it under-
goes no change. In all, the foramen communicates
directly with this stigmatic tissue which forms the
bulk of the style and is expanded at its base.

The umbilicus of Myosotis owes its origin to the
channel of this communication becoming osseous and
not being filled up. In the genus referred to above
this is not the case and the umbilicus is a growth of
the ovulum totally unconnected with fecundation.
Burrampooter, March 31st, 1836.

Heliotropie.—Heliotropium peruvianum ovula.

Apparently reduced. ds in PAPE: to one subs-

tance. Qe

- - One Ce inten M banks in the river |

> which arun-

ee ee aa

ai aa

PREFACE. xxi

do arenaria and carex arenaria serve in Europe, and
which might therefore be useful in binding artificial
embankments

Gymnospermæ.—The pitted tissue is I believe not
peculiar to Coniferæ, it occurs in Bucklandiæ and
Sedgewikia and probably in all other Hamamelidie.
Deb. Mookh, Feb. 29th, 1836.

Mr. Solly tells me that coniferous punctuation are
likewise said to exist in Winteracee. June 29th, 1836.

Cycadee.—The trunk is in Cycas circinalis generally
dichotomously branched. The same occurs in the
Gowahatty species which is probably distinct. The
second integument of the ovule is united to the
outer, and so is the lower half of the nucleus to the
corresponding portion of this. The margins of the
foramen is callous and lucid: but no change, is effected
by it on the pollen, which finds its way unchanged
into a canal existing in the apex of the nucleus, and
within which they emit tubes.

Too nih stress has been, I think, laid upon the
resemblance in the vessels so much insisted on by
Desine Mr. brown has remarked, that the natural
state of Cycadez is to have many embryos. Judging,
l suppose from the presence of the sacs existing in
apex of the albumen, in this view he is as usual
correct, it is a curious, fact that in Cycas circinalis and
in the Assam species the alteraate tessellations caused

s by the foliation and floration of distinct years is lost
Meh of in the undivided base of the trunk. -

Within the albuminary membrane, and in the |

debis fluid that it sutipins, the origin: of cellular

xxii PREFACE.

tissue will perhaps by close observation be ascer-
tained. This fluid abounds in active molecules,

Conifere.—Mr. Brown is certainly correct in stating
Gnetum to have naked ovula : but here I think excepting
its punctuations, the resemblance or affinity ceases,
the nucleus hasas I have shewn three coatings, but only
at a certain period of its development, The use
of this additional coat, the apperance of which is
sudden, is evidently to ensure fecundation, still
from the comparative rarity of development of the
embryo this process is evidently but seldom or at
least only under particular cireumstances perfected.

Butomee.—Butomus pygmeus occurs abundantly
in India from plains up toa height 2000ft. at least
on the Khasiya hills. —

Stomata exist on both sides of the leaf, the ovulum
is anatropous, but the mature seeds closely resemble
campulitropous. "The embryonary sac although highly
developed and apparently membranous presents traces
of cellularity.

Burmannie,—Several Species areso to say, aphyl.
lous and such are very probably parasitical. From
some observations on the structure of the seeds, I am
led to conclude that the nucleus consist of several
grumous masses, enclosed within a proper membrane
I have not been able to ascertain the existence of
any determinate form of embryo.

Orchidez.—The filaments are adnate to the style.

With regards to the mode in which impregnation
is stated to take place, I hope that certain distingui

HARTE net air tiene which certainly are, ——

a eT

iat

PREFACE. xxiii

considering the thorough exposition of the true mode by
Brown, unphilosophical. And according to the author's
expressions how can the process be effected in those
which have no gland whatever, the fact of the rare
occurrence of fecundation in those genera which
present great difficulties to its being effected, is at
once an argument in favor of the gland, being a
mere organ for favoring the removal of the pollinia.
No great stress is ever to be laid on solitary charac-
ters, hence both Lindley and Bauer are wrong in
placing so much reliance on the perforation of the
pouches of Ophrys: the existence of which Mr. Brown
appears to deny, additional proofs of fecundation
occurring in the usual way have presented themselves
to me in two genera in which from the imperfection
of the lower wall of the clinandrium the masses are
absolutely in contact with the stigma. In theseas

might be expected, this process was effectual and nearly
universal.

their views as to the origin of the gland,
and its nature, in addition to the proofs adduced by
Brown of its being a portion of the stigma. I ma
say, that when no rostellum is formed, there is no
gland. This is completely proved by the metamor-
phosis or rather deformity of a haue Diei dee
which there is not a trace either of a rostellum- o: a
gland. But to insure fecundation a curious change
of place occurred in the stigma, which instead of
occupying the anticous face of the columna, had be-

come posticous, occupying in fact the situation of the
clinandrium.

XXIV PREFACE.

Juncee.—In an Assam species of Juncus agreeing
remarkably well with the character of J. prismata car-
pus Br. Pr. Ed. Nees, 115. The flowers are imbracteate
and the pollen ternarily compound. The ovaria are
unilocular. This affords the second instance I know
of, in which the secondine is exserted in the nearly
ripe seeds. This membrane in the ovulum after fe-
cundation, adheres to the apex of the nucleus, ano-
ther unusual circumstance. "The carpellary leaves al-
ternate with the stamens, and as these are three, they
are opposite to the inner sepals.

Aroidee.—Ambrosinia of Roxb. Crytocoryne of
Fischer is remarkable for the structure of its anthers
and embryo, the plumula of which is excessively de-
veloped. The development depending on the total
separation of the cotyledon, as it were, by amputation,
towards the maturity of the seed.

Pistiacee.—The organisation of Pistia is by no
means simple, nor are the stem and leaves confounded ;
on the contrary, it has a distinct although depressed
axis, highly developed leaves, but wanting stomata, and
the spathes are distinctly pedunculate. In the scale
of development it is far higher than Lemma: but in-
ferior to it in having no stomata, superior in all other
points, especially iù possessing spiral vessels. Its ca-
vities with cellular puncles are highly developed. Em-
bryo at the apex of the albumen obovate, solid.

Equisetacee.—The affinity of this order, so far as
the organs of fructification go, is with Marchantia.
The four filaments are nothing but 2 elaters which

adhere by their middles with the reproductive globule. —

PREFACE. XXV

Without having been able to trace their formation to
the requisite early period, I think it will be found that
the sporules are formed with the cells of the endothe-
cum which have spiral fibres. It is by the separation
of these with the sporule that the appearance of 4 fila-
ments arises.

The confervoid mass was, in the only species in
which I have met with it, of considerable size, and al-
ways inequilateral. The first sheath has no stomata. The
others have, they occupy the fundi of depressions, and
are arranged linearily on either side of the angles,
which are opposite to the teeth of the sheaths. Their
component cells present the peculiar appearance of
transverse bars. The sheaths are not separable from
the axis except the lower one, and the apices of the
rest.

Musci.—That the disk-like bodies produce, or are
capable of producing young plants, as urged by some
Botanists, is no proof that they originated from the
male sacs.

No one can doubt, that impregnation is effected in
this family, the constantly simultaneous appearance
and dehiscence of the anthers at the time when the
pistilla are formed, the constant sphacelation of the
style, and the subsequent evolution ot tne ':"^leus. or
nucleary vesicle contained in the pistilla (or atleast in -
that which produces the seta) are so much in common
with the ordinary route of fecundation, that it is
Scarcely possible to believe, but that an analogous me-
thod is resorted. Here I may mention another fact

of some importance, although occurring in Hepatice, ——

xxvi PREFACE.

which is, that, in Anthoceros in which the evolution of
the sporules is carried on in succession, or for a
considerable period, after those first formed are ma-
tured, and have escaped; steps are taken to ensure a
similar gradual succession of the male organs. The
obvious difference is the apparent effect of the process
in forming the seta analogous to the formation of pol-
len in some Aroidea and theca, not being limited as
in Phanerogame to the evolution alone of the repro-
ductive sporules or seeds. On these points Valentine
has read a paper before the Linn Society, containing
new views, and pointing out abundance of facts hi-
therto entirely overlooked by Cryptogamists; the an-
thers have no affinity of structure whatever with gem-
mz. This is particularly observable in Hepatice.

Hepatice.—The common structure of the order is
to have an original theca resembling much, that which
is called the calyptra of mosses, and indeed differing
only in never being torn up from its attachment. The
only exception, I know of, to this occurs in Anthoce-
ros, which appears not to have an original capsule,
and consequently no calyptra. That which has been
called a calyptra being nothing but a mass of tissue -
dislocated by the growth of the theca, I think also that
Marchantia can have no caiyptra, with regard to the
secondary thecz, they certainly present great differ-
ences; their place is supplied in Riccia by the origi-
nal theca; are anomaly perhaps dependent on the
immersion of the theca in the frond itself.

I have no more doubt about the impregnation of
this order, than of mosses. The anthers of Anthoceros
regularly dehisce at their apices, and discharge the mi-

i abe ge oi ai i al all

— eene meme

PREFACE. xxvii

nute granular matter, they contain a structure totally
irreconcileable with the idea of their being gemma.
The remains of these sacs may be always found in the
cavities in which they are formed, and from which
they cannot escape. This is the more remarkable as
in Riccia the fruit always becomes exserted. I look
upon the existence of the elaters as similar with that
of fibrous cells of the endothecum ; and I attach con-
sequently very little importance to their existence,

The direction of growth consequent on fecundation
is directly opposite to that of mosses, Marchantia and
Targionia are remarkable for their stomata. "The ex-
istence of which evidently depends upon their being
furnished with a cuticle. This in Riccia is exceeding-
ly rudimentary.

Characee.—Much light has been lately thrown on
these obscure plants, particularly as regards their cir-
culation by Varley, Solly and Slack.

The nucule is really monospermous.

REMARKS ON OvuLa

An ovulum is, at its earliest period of existence an
extension from some part of the surface of the pla-
centa, it is at this time rounded sessile, entirely cellular,
and without the slightest trace of any integuments.
The first change that takes place is its separation to a
greater or less extent from the placenta by the elonga-
tion of portion of this last, forming the funiculus, the
next change is the marking out of its subsequent coat
or coats by one or generally two lines of construction,
the uppermost of which is however first formed,
when two of these lines are formed, the ovulum is di-

xxviii PREFACE.

vided into three parts, the uppermost which is gene-
rally conical and more transparent is the nucleus, the
first developed portion, that which is contained between
the two lines forms afterwards the second integument,
the remainder of the base forming the outer coat or
testa. But while these boundaries are being marked
out, secondary changes may or may not be going on
when the former is the case, it consists of a sort of in-
version in direction of the ovule, by which the apex
of the nucleus is brought towards the point
of existence of the funicle from the placenta. The next
step is the production upwards of the ring marked out
between the two lines of construction, or one line
only is formed by the production of the part imme-
diately contiguous to the line, a ring is thus formed
which embraces the base of the nucleus, shortly after-
wards that which becomes the outer coat is similarly
extended round the base of the second coat.

Both these continue to elongate, but the inner coat
maintains for some time the ascendency and at length
entirely encloses the nucleus, beyond which it is gene-
rally continued into 2 neck variable in length, always
open and generally somewhat dilated at its extremity.

The outer coat by its gradual extension at length
EF. ewise entirely encloses the nucleus, and the body of
the inner integument, it frequently encloses the whole
of this, while often before fecundation and for some
time after the neck of this last projects to a consider-
able distance.*

* No one bas enquired, how the base of the ovula is extended
downwards, or how the base of the second coat extends down-
wards into the substance of the outer, does it or does it not?

ee On ee D NOS, eT eee T

—— €À vmm

TR OEEO

PREFACR. XXIX

Throughout the above period the nucleus has gone
on increasing in size, but at the time of fecundation,
it is invariably enclosed and concealed by both coats
when the two exist. But it undergoes no further
change for some period.

An ovulum at the time of fecundation will general-
ly be found to consist of an outer coat open at its true
apex, the opening varying in size, but always less than
the diameter of the ovula; an inner cellular coat, ge-
nerally thinner than the outer, prolonged beyond the
nucleus into a hollow neck, the apex of which is
open and more or less dilated, either (and perhaps ge-
nerally,) about on a level with the opening of the outer
coat, or projecting beyond it to a variable distance ; and
a central cellular body the nucleus. generally ovate,
its apex being more laxly cellular than the remainder,
and occasionally projecting into the neck of the inner
or when this does not exist of the outer integument
and in this case very much resembling a coat itself.
At this period the ovula may be entirely cellular or
it may be partly supplied with vessels, but I shall
refer to this more fully when I speak of the raphe.
'The nucleus will at this period almost always be found
to have a central discolored nucellus, or frequently
an excavated cavity of varying dimensions. The above
discoloration or rather opacity is invariably the pre-
cursor of the cavity that is about to be formed, and
indicates the situation as well as the direction in

which it will be formed. This cavity is always? form-
ed from below upwards.

Allthe subsequent changes at least those of any
importance, are carried on within the nucleus. They

XXX PREFACE.

consist first of an extension of the cavity abovemen-
tioned, until with the exception of some few cases
hereafter to be specified, this originally cellular thick
solid body, is reduced to a thin coating, or even and
not unfrequently reduced to nothing.

It will be seen that not one of these phenomena
depend upon the completion of fecundation, nor in
fact does any one, excepting the all important forma-

tion of the embryo, depend upon the due performance

of this function.

The 4th change consists in the production of a
membrane within the cavity already formed in the
nucleus. To this sac, I attach very great importance,
and I consequently shall be full in my details.

(Composite) whatever its nature may be, it appears
to be always? formed from above downwards, that
it is developed from the apex of the nucleary cavity:
when completely developed, it invariably communicates
with both apex and base of the excavation, the dia-
meter being either uniform throughout, or larger at
its apex, dividing by inferiorly into a thread of commu-
nication.

I know of no instance of the absence of this sac,
of which from the consideration of Viscum and Santa-
lum, I consider the only essential part of the ovula,
preexistent to the embryo.

There are two curious modifications of this integu-
ment, and of great importance to study, and although
the origin is in both cases the same, yet the growth is
materially different, in the one, the albuminary form,
consisting of the simple extension of a single cell, in

the other, the exalbuminary form, of the ue d

— itc

PO OUT DINERS F
"Re RRE us EIRE EEE PET E EAN

PREFACE. xxxi

additional distinct cellules from the surface of the
original simple one, To the existence of the first
modification, I find the presence of albumen invaria-
bly attached, so much so that in describing ovula, T
would say with confidence whether the seeds would be
albuminous or not. Even in those cases in which no
opportunities have occurred of examining it aborgine,
inspection of the margin of the sac will always settle
the point, even although the whole of its inner surface
may be occupied by cells, the rudiments of the future
albumen.

The only instances in which albumen exists with-
out this membranous sac is in those few cases in
which that substance is deposited in the body of
the nucleus, and the embryo is developed within a
distinct sac (vitellus) which is always of the exal-
bumenary or membrano-cellular type.

In the exalbumenary form which in my descrip-
tions. I term membrano-cellular in contradistinction
to membranous, by which I characterize the albu-
minary form, the surface is even at a very early
period distinctly cellular. This form- may be seen
to perfection in Composite.

Whatever its nature may be, as it bicis has
important relations. with the embryo, and as this is
invariably formed within it, I propose calling it the
embryonary sac,

Another important feature of this sac is its indes-
tructibility, it always forms portion of the seed, al-
though in the albumenary form, it occasionally be-
comes so identified with the albumen of the periphery,

XKXH PREFACE.

that it is difficult to trace its existence. In the
second modification its existence in the seed is al-
ways distinct, ex Composita, and Boraginee.

The last stage in the development and the ‘only
one dependent upon fecundation, is the production
of the embryo. This invariably consists in the ap-
pearance of a cell attached by a slight cellular
pedicel to the apex of the embryonary sac, it is deve-
loped by the production of other additional cellules,
which always contain much active molecular matter
but less than the albumen. It soon becomes densely
cellular in dicotyledons, the cotyledonary division is
soon indicated, but the radicle is necessarily, from what
. I have just mentioned, the first part formed. With
regard to the direction of the cotyledons, I have not
as yet ascertained any law, they are often opposite to
the true faces of the seed and often alternate. Em-
bryos are generally axile when albumen is present, in
those cases in which they are subsequently peripherial,
this is owing to an equal deposition or formation of
the albumen. i

The albumen is of a comparatively early develop-
ment, arid when it exists is always partly formed before
ihe embryo begins to appear, I find that with the excep-
tion of those cases in which the embryo is lodged
within a vitellus that it it is never formed within the
nucleus.

In its earlier stages, it contains myriads of active
molecules of a regular size, these molecules form in
fact the milk of the albumen.

The presence of albumen is the test of an imperfect

PT

PREFACE. xxxiii

embryonary evolution, or certainly of imperfect germi-
nating powers, this though liable to some excep-
tions appears true enough; it explains why* albu-
men is so common among monocotyledones. [ts
presence is incompatible with the existence of a high-
ly developed, plumula, a remarkable fact, and one
particularly evident in some Aroidea which contrary
to the habit of the order, have no albumen, the defi-
ciency being supplied by a high degree of develop-
ment of the Plumule.

The next point to be enquired into, is the relative du-
ration of these coats, which are almost invariably 4 in
number. The only instance, I as yet know of to the
contrary occurring in Xanthium, in which there is a

‘membranous sac, of excessive tenuity which lines the

embryonary sac. These four coats the existence of
which is possible are, the outer and inner integuments,
the nucleary membrana, and the embryonary sac; of
these the Ist is always permanent, remaining in the
shape of the testa, as is likewise the embryonary sac.
Traces of the two others are frequenily imperceptible,

and it may be expressed as a general rule;-that the in-
ner integument of the ovulum has no existence in the-
seed. This is well expressed by Dr. Lindley in his
Introduction to Botany, p 184.

The nucleary membrane frequently exists, it is
known from either of the preceding by being imper-
_* Note—Mr. Brown long ago remarked, that albumen was the
type of Monocotyledons, bat no one has I believe remarked, that
the proportions in favor of albumen among Dicot. — are
nearly equal to those of Monocotyledons. .

xxxiv PREFACE.

forate. On this point, Dr. Lindley has the following
remarks.. This third coat is formed by the proper
membrane or cuticle of the nucleus from whose sub-
stance in the unimpregnated ovulum, it is never, I be-
lieve separable, &c. &c.

There is no positive mark by which the embryonary
sae may be characterised as it is likewise imperforate.
But its immediate contiguity to the embryo will in all
exalbumenous seeds at once decide its nature: traces
of its original attachment are likewise often visible at
one of its extremities. The component cells in com-
posita have a grumous nucleus.

I may here observe, that the seeds of this extensive
family are not, at least in a great number of instances,
akenia. In almost all I have exmained. The outer te-
gument adheres to the cavity of the pericarpium, and
in all separates with it. It is the embryonary sac
that invests the embryo and separates with it. In albu-
minous seeds, as I have mentioned the existence of
the embryonary sac is difficult to trace, this is owing
to its having become incorporate as it were with the
albumen. ín others again its existence in the ripe

-seed is very distinct, enveloping the albumen in the
shape of a hyaline membrane.

Various additions may take place on either surface
of the outer intezument, hence the number of coats
is frequently apparently increased. M. Mirbel was the
first to point this out.

With regard to the vascular supplies of the seed,
I may remark that a sufficient number of observa-
tions, have not been made on the exact period of —

PREFACE. XXXV

the first extention of the vessels of the placenta
into the ovulum. It is a general law that every
part of a vegetable is aborigine cellular, the exis-
tence of a vascular system or of any system analo-
gous to it in function being called into play ata
subsequent period, and being a test in every sense
of the word of complete evolution. Instances are
not wanting where the seeds are certainly evascular, /n
others, the absence of vessels is supplied by elong:-ed
tissue. The vascular system of ovula is se'xXom,
perhaps never complete until aften fecundaticz, and
it is very provable that the drawings wbéch re-
present in such cases a distinct raphe are errone-
ous. [tis most complete in those ovula in which
the inversion above mentioned has taken place, the
ovules anatropes of M. Mirbel. In most instances
in which a vascular system does exist a direct
communication is effected between the placenta and
the base of the nucleous, around which in some
instances the ultimate vessels in some radiate. It -
hence follows, that a raphe is not limited to the
anatropous form of ovula, neither Are the vessels
confined to the testa, although it is an indispu'able
fact to which however I know of one exception T
that the second integument (scarcely as it is not the
second but probably the embryonary sac which is vas-
cular) is, with the exception of that part of the
base, perforated by the vessels in their course to the
base of the nucleus, certainly cellular

In those instances in which the base of the nuc-
leous and of the integuments correspond with the

XXXVI PREFACE,

hilum it is often very short, its parts will of course
depend on the distance between the above points.

The Raphe either consists of spiral vessels and
ducts, or of ducts alone, and in some cases of elon-
gated tissue. In the generality of instances, it ter-
^ minates opposite the apex of the cotylidons, form-

ing the chalayza, in some it becomes at this poin-
artite, the divisions terminal towards either side
of the true apex of the seed, as in Carya and some
Borjginee. In others it is continued unbranched ter-
minaing in, or towards the outer margin of the
origindy conspicuous foramen, as in many Com-
posita ahd Stylidium.

Its situation may be regarded as universally next
the ventral suture of the ovaria, or next the axis. For
this important fact, we are indebted to Mr, Brown,
who has likewise proved that all exceptions to this are
only apparent, and originate in a torsion of the funicle
subsequently to fecundation. The same distinguished
author has brought this into play as a distinguishing
character, and has pointed out, that true Lo-
niceree may be at once distinguished from their

lies by the reversion of the situation of the raphe.
In this point of view it is useful, as proving that in
Boraginez, the ovaria are inverted, while in Labiate
they are erect. In Coriaria it is dorsal, at least in one
species from the Abor hills ; but Lam at present unable
to say, whether this arises from a twisting of the funi-
cle or not.

_ In polycarpous ovaria, however there does not seem
any fixed situation for the raphe. Thus in Legumi-

k

ee ENNRENTEUmDeUM NF

PREFACE. XXXVII

nose the foramen is uppermost and the raphe conse-
quently lowermost ; this was first pointed out to me
by Mr. Brown, who immediately detected, that in my
drawing of Humboldtia published in Dr. Wallich’s PI,
Asiat. Rariores, I had reversed the situation. The same
occurs in Asclepiadew and Scrophularinex, and proba-
bly in most cases. In others again the foramen or raphal
surface is lowermost, and in Henslovia it is indifferent/y
lowermost or uppermost. 7

In some instances in which the nucleus coheres/ in-
timately with the outer integument, it seems run
rather between the two than in the integument, this is
very evident on making a transverse section/ of the
ovula of some Composite.

There is no appreciable difference of any eni
between the development of the ovula in the/ two great

. divisions of Phænogamæ, excepting so far as the em-

bryo is concerned. In both, the first steps in forma-
tion of this are the same. The same may be said of the
Gymnospermous division of Dicotyledons, so far as I
can judge from Cycadez and Gnetaces, the only two .
orders Ihave had an opportunity of exaitsininz it in.

I object to M. Mirbels' names which are founded ol _

Numerical considerations ; because in the first place, me

the precise number of coats is not always developed,
and one cannot well call a coat the quartine when it is
only the third. The names founded either on the parts
from which they originate, or especially on physiological
points, carry a certain amount of information with
them, hence for the tercine T propose, that of nucleary
membrane, and for the quartine 1 adopt M. Brong

XXXVI PREFACE.

nearly name, sac of the embryo, which is excellent in
every respect. lam not acquainted with M. Mirbels'
quartine; and I think it will be found that it is the
~ embryonary sac, as well as his quintine.
It follows that the liquor amnios is never enclosed
"hin the nucleus, it always exists in the early periods of
Nhe development of the sac of the embryo, and is cer-
Anly either the rudiments of albumen, or in exalbu-

1. Produetion of the midrib beyond the terminal
sinus analogus to a mucronate leaf, it is evident
that this may be carried to such an extent as to
reduce the stigmatic surfaces to a mere point at
the apparent base of the style.

2. Production of the stigmatic base beyond terminal

p siias forming a bilobed stigma, the branches of

this must be on the same place.

3. Obliteration of the terminal sinus, constituting

an uniform stigma.

4. Obliteration of the inferior sinus.

I am not aware of any instance in which the stigma
of a simple carpellary leaf is capitate, one sinus is
always existing. There is however, on the principle,
that both sinuses may be confluent, no theoretical

PREFACE. XXXIX

objection to tbe existence of such a form, although it
would be reasonable to expect, that the axis of such
a stigma would not correspond with the axis of the
style.

Comparatively sudden reduction from a broad to a
narrow surface is not uncommon in leaves, all apicu-,
late or cuspidate leaves are instances, and of these, none
can be more striking than that of the peepul.

But though a continuation of the placenta along eiger
margin to the commencement of the apex of thmi-
drib, would constitute the simplest form of stigrá/, yet
it is still necessary to allow either an increaseof the
margins, or a spreading out of the stigmatic surface
over the narrow part of the cauda or apiculus to ex-
plain those stigmatic lines which occupy the whole in-
ner face of the style, excepting perhaps the miğrib itself, -
such for instance as Escholtzia.

Stigmata are continuations upwards of ls > placente,
they are consequently double, and have tid same rela- .
tion to the leaf as the placente. ~~, |

There is perhaps scarcely a modification m em
of leaf, which may not be met with i in an extensi T
examination of carpellary leaves. 2

Thus such instances of bilobed styles as occur in
Iris, Meyenia etc., are representations of an emargina-
ted bifid, or bilobed leaf, the true apex of the one is
pointed out by the apex of the midrib, which is un-
divided, in the other by a protuberance, or when this
is not evident by the termination of the central vas-
cular bundle.

Bauhinia may be — of iplis in three”

xl PREFACE.

ways, it 1s a simple bilobed leaf, or it is an abruptly
pinnate bifoliate leaf, the leaves cohering by their inner
margins, or it is a pinnate leaf, reduced to the two
basal leaftets cohering with the costa of the pinna, this
last is deserving of little consideration.

If it is a simple leaf, the midrib of the leaf as it
exists should be the largest vascular fascicle, and all
*e other veins should be more or less lateral.

Yf an abruptly pinnate bifoliate leaf, cohering by the
ì margin, the midrib will probably be the small-
‘ne midribs will exist for each lobe, and a macro-

division or bation may be carried nearly .to ‘the apex
of the petiole, and this would be analogous strictly,
- for a mucro always exists,—instance Labiate and Bo-

I can also cite in reference to the similarity of mo-
dification between leaves and carpellary leaves, such ins-
tances as Arum pertusum and Leonitice.

M. Decandolles’ hypothetical explanation of the de-
grees of division of leaves appears to me to rest upon
very inefficient causes, one of which is easily disproved,
because the degree of lobation ought to correspond
with the distance between the primary veins.

PREFACE. xli

This is only one of many instances of an attempt to
reduce effects to causes.

We cannot explain every thing, in the present state
of knowledge it is indispensable that effects should be
referred to causes only when there is a manifest and a
steady relation between two points of structure, which
may be made to enter into the explanation. As

To pressure for instance, many things are ascribed
which are not due to it, and many things both our
ignorance and knowledge are interested in ascribing to
unknown causes.

A confession of ignorance cannot lead to error,

while a subtle hypothesis especially by an eminent

Savant may not only be false, but is very apt to check
enquiry, from the assumption of knowledge contained
in it. |

NOTULÆ AD PLANTAS ASIATICAS.
PART IV.
Exogenous Plants.

4 CYCADACE.

| CYCAS,

Tug species of this genus, with the exception of C.
revoluta, are difficult to discriminate, so much so that the
study of living plants at different stages is quite necessary to
fix their differences. In habit and foliation, no practic: marks
are to be discovered, these appearing to be limited to the
shape of the carpel leaf, especially the dilated apex, and
to the figure of the fruit.

The anomaly of the upper part of the carpel leaf Wes

d broader than the rest: what does it indicate ?

were

practical ones can be taken from the leaves. I would derive
them from the carpel leaves, particularly the lamina and its
mode of division, the shape of the anther scales, the shape
of the fruit, and the line of their points described by the leaves.

C. spherica; fol. carpel. spith., parte nud. 6-uncialib.
3 ovulig., apice lanceolato-acuminatis e basin subulato-den-
tatis, conico-subalato dente squam. apiculo curvato equant.
fruct spheerica.

C. circinalis: apice squam. autem brevior subito. fol. carpel
min. versus dist. ovulig. lamina subspath. a medio supra
dentato-serrat, acumenato-subulat.

&

C. dilatata. The distinctions are very difficult, few if any

E

2 CYCADEA.

C. revoluta tot fol. carpel. gris toment., apice oblongis dilat.
digitato-divisus, fruct. oblongo-rotund. villoso- pubescent.

Cycas.

External characters.

The trunk is simple, subexannulate, smooth in the lower
and older parts, with the exception of irregular longitudinal
fissures in the cuticle. In the later formed parts it is covered
with the scars of the leaves, which scars of the leaves
are arranged in indistinct annuli, the intermediate spaces
being occupied by the remains of former inflorescences.

No stress is to be laid on the annuli, which are by no
means universal, and which when present, are very obsolete.
The trunk is proliferous, each year producing 2 close rows of
leaves and terminal inflorescence, which necessarily becomes
pushed out by the succeeding formation of leaves. "These
annuli may be traced from 5 to 7 formations, all traces of the
scars of\the leaves becoming lost after that time,

Dimensions: Erect, trunk 4 feet high, about a foot and
half from its base, the circumference is 194 inches, and the
diameter 5%, inches; across the last formed annulus 204
inches : that of a trunk, 9 or 10 feet in length, (which was
prostrate for about 3 of its length, the apy iene portion of the

-gfostrate part had md out several strong roots,) 1 foot from
the crown of leaves 16 inches, around the last distinct annu-
lus 15 inches, at the base of the erect part, the diameter 5}.
There is no distinction of bark, the great substance of the
axis being composed of white dense cellular tissue.

The axis is occupied by pith of enormous dimensions, of

close white cellular tissue; adjoining this, is a broad zone of .

fibrous wood of a yellowish brown colour. 'These zones vary
in number from 2 to 3, and vary likewise in this, that they

are close together, and are separated by white fibrous tissue. -

The space between the outer zone which is small, and the

cuticle is occupied by cellular tissue, white and dense, im i

re
RE

CINE EE ES

mmm

STRUCTURE OF 3

which are interspersed many very irregular bundles of woody
matter. The pith is altogether similar to this portion; op-
posite each annulus or formation of leaves it is traversed by
vessels.

Each formation of wood is connected by ligneous facicles
passing between each other. The inner woody formation
is continuous, diminishing exceedingly at the apex of the
trunk.

It is obvious from the small number of concentric circles
compared with the formations of leaves, that these do not
correspond, or rather that more than the wood of one forma-
tion of leaves enters into the composition of each circle.

In the prostrate tfunk, the development of the wood was
carried to excess on the decumbent side, on the opposite-ene
there were three formations, the outer of which on reaching
the commencement of the excentricity appeared to divide
into 2. On this side 7 distinct formations may be counted,
the last being exceedingly irregular from the woody matter
passed freely into the roots.

o great knowledge of the structure of these remarkable
parts will be attainable, but by close observation of all stages
intermediate between that of the lst development of the
stem aud its subsequent maturity. It is obvious that the
woody matter is deposited in cones.

Connected with this excentricity there was no dedu AL

the regularity of the corona.

This is obvious if there are 3 zones in the lower, 2 in the
centre, and one only at the apex. It is essentially exoge-
nous, the latest fibres developed by the terminal, being always
outermost: Dr. Mohls’ statement appears to me to have no-
thing here to corroborate it.

Mr. Brongniant’s opinion that the layers are not to be
considered as analogous to the same number of layers of di-
cotyledonous wood, is also incorrect. What the relations are
which these have with the epochs of inflorescence and folia-
tion can only be cleared up, as he observes, by the examina-

4 CYCADES,

tion of numerous individuals of different ages and different
species. In all probability had he examined sections nearer
the base of the axis, he would have found one or more ad-
ditional layers,

In the fruit (Pl. CCCLXI. Fig. I.) which is of the shape
and about the size of a hen’s egg, the base of the papilla is
still distinct, its mouth or canal being filled with whitish
tissue, the rest being obliterated but still traceable by its
brown colour. The nucleus has become osseous woody, and
has lost its conoid shape, its apiculus is very small and bony.
The next envelope is membranous witha flocculent rough
surface, it is open at the summit, towards its base it is very
thick and fungous. It adheres to the immediate envelope

Ceu encept at its apex. The immediate envelope is very thin, of

a brownish colour, its apex is coniform and sphacelated,
it corresponds to the centre of the perforation of the last
envelope. "The albumen is about the size of a pullet's egg,
flattened at its base, there is a transverse irregular depres-
sion at its apex, it is heavy and fleshy.

In the more advanced fruit the quartine is separable from
the tercine which has now become entirely fungous. The
depression of the albumen is marked by 5 or 6 spots, which
indicate the apices of so many czca, which are either filled
with mucilaginous fluid, or contain peculiar cellular bodies?
With the exception of the cavities in which these sacs are
lodged, the mass is entire and homogeneous.

The tardy development of the embryo is very remarkable.
In the fruits I have examined some of which have been
larger than duck's eggs, no trace of it has been visible. Mr.
Brown first noticed the spots on the depressed surface of the
albumen, and their correspondence with so many cavities
containing sacs, which again containa clear mucilaginous
fluid, according to him they disappear, with the exception of
one in which the embryo is developed, In the ovules there
is some similarity with those of Gnetaces, the ‘coats are
however only four, no additional one being formed. The

GENUS

Tee:

STRUCTURE OF 5

chief difference is the adhesion of the secundine with the
primine.

a. Second or drupaceous coat.

b. 'Third or fungous ditto.

c. Fourth or Neucleary ditto,

d. Outer coat.

e. Sac outer coat.

f. Albumen.

g, h. Central body its, depressed apex.

i. Transverse section of the apex of the albumen.*

In Cycas circinalis the ovuliferous leaves are of conside-
rable thickness, flattened above, convexed beneath, and dilated
towards the apices, the immediate apex being prolonged into
an acumen. The upper half of the apex is deeply äna
sharply toothed, the ovules are arranged in cavities below the
apex along with the margins, and more or less alternately. [t
is obvious that this arrangement would, if the margins o¢
the leaves were produced inwards, produce a carpellum of nor.
mal male structure. The upper surface of the apex is invariably
more or less smooth, the pubescence gradually disappearing
as we proceed upwards, the immediate apex of the acumen
is smooth, and corresponds to the stigmata of other plants,
that is, when these are usually alternate with the ptacentz.

The ovula are roundish, contained in the cup-sliaped
cavity, flattened obliquely above this, from right to left:
They may be said to be obcordate; a papilla occupies
the centre of the sinus. This papilla is short, cylindrical,
truncate and open at the apex, the margins of the opening
being somewhat thickened and shining, but apparently des-
titute of secretion. "Their colour is polished greenish yellow
and covered more or less with minute glaucido. A transverse

* Cycas perhaps is the most marked instance of perfection of mere fruit
with fecundation, all the parts to the albumen being perfectly formed,
and in abundance, for in C. pectinatus, apparently perfect specimens

occur, all without embryos, the male being according to Major. Jenkins"
exceedingly rare.

CM Apex

6 CYCADES.

section discloses the following arrangement, a very thick
coat, evidently and structurally divisible into two, the outer
is thicker, having a distinct and thickish cutis, the re-
mainder consisting of close parenchyma, of a green colour,
and pierced with numerous irregularly disposed cavities which
contain the mucilaginous matter, in which Cycadez so much
abound, and which are analogous to the cavities in the
outer coat of Gnetum, which are occupied by fibres of very
large diameter. This coat or rather the outer part of it, is
the primine. The inner portion is composed entirely of
whitish dense tissue. This is the secundine, the vascular
system consists of two fasciculi which occupy the inner part
of the outer portion of tegument, running from base to

The tissue of the secundine on a line with these fasciculi

and between them, and the inner margin of the cavity in

which the nucleus is contained, is arranged longitudinally.

This portion of the coat is evascular, another reason for con-

sidering it to be primine. The central cavity is round, of con-

siderable size and is occupied by a coniform fleshy cellular

body, the cells being dense externally, rather lax inter-

nally, no vessels are traceable into this portion. The imme-

diate centre is, if the section be made towards the apex,

Occupied by an opaque body.

June 8th, 1835.

l. Cycas circinalis. Pl. CCCLXI. Fig. II.

1. Female flower and portion of frond.

2. Ditto separated.

3. Ditto long section.

4. Ditto outer coats partially removed, shewing the free
cone of the nucleus.

5. Ditto base of the nucleus and outer coats remaining,
shewing the quartine of a globuler form.

6. Quartine separated.

7. Portion of cellular pulp filling its cavity. At this stage |

*

STRUCTURE OF Fi

the two envelopes are altogether united, the papilliform
process of the primine is open; from its mouth a canal
proceeds, which widens as it descends into a large cavity
in which the cone of the nucleus is included, the apex
of this is not exserted but terminates a little above the
widening of the canal. The cone is solid, the base of
the nucleus is occupied by alarge globular cavity in
which the sac of the quartine is contained. This sac is
perfectly shut, and has no communication with the wall
of the cavity of the nucleus. It is easily detached,
is of a globular form and is filled with pulp, consisting
of very lax, slightly angular cellular tissue of a perfectly
homogeneous nature. |
8. Ovule further advanced, the papilla of the primine hae
fallen off, and the canal is obliterated. No other change
has taken place except in size.

It does not seem to me to come within the bounds of
what we know of general structure, to reduce the male or-
gans of Cycas to the type of an ordinary anther.*

Either each scale is to be considered as an anther, or each
polliniferous bag is to be so considered.

All analogy is against the former, for no instance is
known of the cells being distinct organs projecting beyond
the surface. Though pluri-locular anthers are known;
yet the cells are contained in the general substance of the
anther, and at one period at least contained within its com-
mon covering or surface of that organ.

The ordinary type of an anther is 4-locular, the pollen is a

Separation or modification of the cellular tissue equally on

both sides of the mesial line of the leaf: no instance is
known in which the whole substance of the anther is so mo-
dified, except perhaps in Sarcophyte, but a part remains solid
and unchanged as connectivum. Now in Cycas each pollini-
erous bag is a distinct organ, and the pollen is the entire
modified cellular internal substance.

* No analogy between anther cells of Cycas and Phenogs.

8 CYCADE.

There is no instance known in fact of an anther of 2-5
cells, each quite distinct from the other, and opening along
their mutual inner surfaces.

But this aggregation, relation, degree and mode of dehis-
cence, together with the situation on the under side of the
leaf, from which they are exclusively derived, are all points
common to the reproductive (spores) of certain Cryptogams.

The first stage of development of the pollen observed,
when the scales were—long—broad.

The pollen cells at this time are perfectly formed : those

.along the centralline being the largest: they present faint
traces of the line of subsequent opening. "The cavity which
is undivided, is one occupied by a loose mucilagino-cellular

ETC which is resolvable into angular grumous bodies, with-

- gut distinct membrane, each presenting a cytoblast, or as I
think, a point of commencement of the membrane. The de-
velopment is, I think centripetal, i. e. the cells of the peri-
iphery are the most distinct.
| There are also some remarkable points in the structure of
the ovulum. The nucleus of the vegetable ovulum is al-
ways solid, up to the period of its being penetrated by the
. pollen-tube, it is homogeneous up to the period of the
appearance of the embryo-sac. But in Cycus the conical
apex is not solid, nor can it be said to be homogeneous, for
it contains a conical cavity with a fundus presenting a central
elevation, and its apex is produced into a cellular membrane
which lines the canal of the foramen, and I believe adheres
to it at its apex.
Then again when there is more than one appearance of
embryo-sac,* their development is synchronous, but in Cycas

* They are not embryo-sacs. Embryo sacs do not exist for a long time —

after the enlargement of the fruit if there be no fecundation.

The appearances of the funicle of the ripe embryo is analogous to
Loranthus. ;

What are the above sacs, which at any rate are developments of n9 -

tie een
UNDE : :

CYCAS. 9

up to a late period, only one is to be found, containing homo-
geneous solid cellular tissue.

2. Cycas Jenkinsiana, Gr. Pls, CCCLX. Figs. 1, 2.
CCCLXII. Fig. 1.

Trunk, often branched, sometimes 3 feet in diameter: in
the specimen about 5 inches in diameter, marked externally
with the persistent bases of the petioles, in some places almost
annulated and nearly smooth. Here and there occur rings of
smaller petiole bases, mixed with brown wool, marking the
number of inflorescence.

Leaves about 4 feet long : naked lower part of the petiole
14 to 16 inches long, canaliculate, convex, with teeth-like
straight solitary distant prickles along the margins, Pinnze
very many, 7 or 8 inches long, 34 lines broad, outline decid-
edly falcate, lower margin decurrent: they are very coriace-
ous, unequally and very obtusely emarginate, points almost
always broken, with one stout vein prominent on both sides.

Female inflorescence forming a dense terminal head, sur-
rounded by several rows of abortive leaves, subulate from a
dilated base entirely covered with pale rust-colored wool.
Carpel leaves erect, connivent, scarcely more than 5 inches
long, of which nearly } consists of a cordate acuminate lamina,
deeply subulato-pectinate, the acumen stout and entire. In
the upper half of the elaminar part are the ovula 1-2 in the
outermost, 4-5 in the innermost. These carpel leaves are
covered (except parts of the inner side of the lamina and
the points of the pectinations) with dense rust-colored
wool.

Qvula smooth, roundish compressed bases buried in niches

(marginal) of the carpel leaves, with a distinct perforated
apiculus.

impregnation. As these unimpregnated sacs are short confined to the

. apex of the fruit ; how does the Embryo get so low down in the albu-

men? by percursion of the sac? or by enlargement of a particular one.
B

10 CYCADER.

The crown of the immature fruit is broader, and depressed,
so that the apex is rather concave. The carpel leaves are no
longer erect, but the elaminate passes outwards, the lamina
inwards, and this part is much broader and more concave.

The ripe seeds (only seen detached) elliptical, compressed,
18 lines long, 12 across the narrow diameter, 16 across the
broad diameter; the apex presents a small apiculus, the base
a large hilum. The epicarpium outside is smooth, of a yellow-
ish brown colour; the mesocarp rather thick spongy-woolly,
consisting of white cells at right angles with the drupe, be-
tween the two, there isa cellular white shining layer, sprinkled
with resinous? reddish dots.

The inner surface of the drupe is lined by a papery brown-
ish tissue with longitudinal vessel.

The albumen separates naked except at the apex, the sur-
face of which is slightly furrowed, to whicha thin brown
membrane with a mammilla in the centre adheres, under-
neath, there is a rather deep depression in the apex of the
albumen, tbe fundus of this presents 6 greyish spots, to each
of these corresponds an oblong cavity lined by a membranous
sac.

Embryo very immature, attached by an enormously long

curled up funicle, which arises from the union of 2 or more

processes, passing down an equal number of the sacs.
Has. Lower Assam, about Gowahatty, the specimens were
obtained from Major Jenkins.

3. Cycas pectinata, Pl. CCCLX. Fig. 3.

Fruits disposed in terminal depressed heads, the carpel
14 foot in diameter not as in the others becoming spreading
or in any way reflexed.

Carpels exceedingly numerous, allied in this respect to |

C. revoluta as also in occasionally narrow leaves, stalks about

.. equal to the fruit-bearing part and apex included, idu

the fruit enlarged into a cordate lamina asce

beyond 7
and then incurved connivent and imbrieated. Ali the parta

CYCAS. il

covered with dense brown tomentum, the points of the
comb-teeth and the inner face of the upper ones being more
or less smooth, Lamina approaches to that of C. revoluta,
deeply pectinate, laciniz subulate, tapering into spinous points.

Fruits 2 to 4 alternating under the lamina, roundish, ob-
long, more or less angular from pressure, rich yellow, and at
the apex, bearing a perforated mammilla.

Cycas revoluta. Thunb. agrees with (judging from Sir J.
Smith fig. Linn. Trans. VI. t. 29, 30) C. pectinata in head of
fruit, but the packing is not so close as to conceal all the
fruit, as in C. pectinata, Then the hairs of the carpel, and the
shape of the lamina are different, the pectines are irregular
in direction, and deeper, some overlapping each other, lastly
the fruit is hairy and red.

Cycas spberica is distinguishable in the Botanic Gardens,
by a more feathery look of the crown, due to the pinna being
less thick and opaque, none of the specimens have attained
the size of C. circinalis, two males of which are very fine,
and several times branched.

_ 4, Cycas macrocarpa, Griff., Pl. CCCLXII. Fig. II.

Petiolus crassus basi sub 4-angulatus, angulis lateralibus
dentibus subulatis spinosis suboppositis horizontalibus vel levi-
ter recurvis armat.

The upper part between the pinnule of either side is
dark green, nearly the colour of the pinnule, and has
stomatose spots. The under } ditto is of the colour of the
under half of the leaves, yellow green, and without stomata,
although these organs only exist on the under surface of the
pinnule.

Pinnulz subopposite, rü quoad petiol margine infero
subdecurrent. lineares subfalcatim curvate basi attenuate
apici gradatim acuminate in subulam subpungent. costa

* C. spheerica is distinct also in the shape of the male or anther scales.

FZ CYCADE AE.

utrinque prominula, subtus albida, ochroleuci margines re-
curve,

Length of the leaves altogether, some 8 feet, that of the

Pinnulz l-foot 4 inches,

Breadth of ditto 5-6 lines,

The whole length of the fruit, leaf and all is between a
span and a foot. The leaf, is covered with dense brown to-
mentum. The part above the fruits which are bifarious and so
crowded as to touch each other, very short, triangular cuneate
divided along edges into subulate subspinous teeth, of which
the centre one is much the longest. The fruits are sessile sur-
rounded at the base by a sort of annulus, which is not covered,
with tomentum, elliptic, and the size of a duck’s egg, viz. 24
inches long, 1l inch 10 lines broad, so that the whole is heavy ;
colour green, subsequently yellow, at the centre of the sub-
depressed apex there is a brown mammillate point.

Insertion by a broad base, nearly the size of the annulus.

1. Outer tegument of short ochroleucous colour and dis-

agreeable fleshy smell, 3 lines thick.

2. Then brown drupaceous coat of fusiform cellular fibres,
in the middle it is harder both on outer and inner surface.

3. Then a thinish papery, vascular brownish coat.

4, The Embryonary coat but separating with the preceding
(except at the apex whereit is very thin membranous
and shining, subapiculate and sphacelate at the apex).

The`albumen is furrowed, and slightly furfaraceous out-
side, as also combined in 3 and 4; the inner face is of elliptic
form, rather compressed, with a 4-angular depression at the
apex, angles at the base presenting a foveola or slit, from
each of which a shrivelled subelastica strap hangs, till they
all conflux into one, no embryo fofmed, nor did I hear of
any male flowers being known.

Han. Crew between Ayer Punnus and Tabong: only on q
one spot and that near a Kuramut or Musulman tomb, so that —

it may have been introduced.
For my er of this I am indebted to Mr. Wester-

TORT A = a uuu 24

CYCAS. 13

hout, who tells me the trunk is 10-12 feet high, distinctly
ringed and with short stout branches at the apex.

The upper part of each origin of the funicle is a closed
cellular bag occupying a niche immediately under the foveola
or slit above mentioned ; on the apex of this are two roundish
detachable brownish cells ?

The funicles only occasionally adhere, they are 4 or
as many as there are bags, they have a marked resemblance to
those of the young embryo of Loranthius, they have no
vessels, the large one contains longitudinal opaque air-bubbles.
The flesh is divided by yellow tissue into two equal parts, the
inner of them has the cells at right angles with the drupe,
and they are longer.

Malayan name Pakoo Galowe: September, 1842.

Sp. cHaR. Petiola sub 4-gono in parte nuda lateraliter spi-
noso. Pinnulis suboppositis linearibus in subulam gradatim
attenuatis, margine recurvis, folio fructifero dense ferrugineo-
tomentoso, apice breve triangularis cuneato-pinnatifida in su-
bulas glabras, quarum centrale multo majore, fructibus dense
conjestis basi annulatis (magnis) ellipticis subcompressis.

Has. Malacca at crew between Ayer Punnus and Tabong,
near the Mahomedan tomb, specimens received from Mr.
Westerhout.

The same Cycas macrocarpa.

Trunk 10-12 feet high, with distinct rings, and with stout
Short branches at the apex, (Mr. Westerhout). Leaves
about 8 feet long.

The upper part between the Pinnz is dark-green, like the
upper surface of the pinnz, and has stomata, the under cor-
responding part is yellow-green, like the under surface of the
pinnz, and has no stomata, although these organs only exist
on the lower surface of the pinnze.

Petiole stout, sub 4-angular at the base, the lateral angles
armed with subopposite thorny straight or slightly recurved
teeth. Pinne very numerous subopposite, linear subfalcate,

14 CYCADEJXE.

10-16 inches long, half an inch broad, alternate at the base
where the lower edge is subdecurrent, gradually acuminated
towards the apex into a sub pungent subulate point, margins f
recurved. 3

Cone of male flowers about 13-14 inches long; the short :
stalk surrounded by subulate pungent-poiuted abortive leaves,
covered with rust-colored wool-scales cuneate, excluding the
apiculus about 9 lines long, 6 lines across in the broadest
part, upper margin thickened cartilaginous-looking, from its
centre arises a subulate acumen retrofractedly ascending, 34-

4 lines long. Pollen cells in groups of 3-5 opening longitu-
dinally along inner face.

Fruits crowded together into a terminal mass, intermixed
with abortive leaves like those surrounding the male cone.
Carpel leaves nodding 6-10 inches long, bearing the seeds
about 4-5 inches from the base or abortive ovula, (these are |
sometimes as many as 8) beyond these expanded into a short
triangular cuneate lamina, with pectinate edges, the central
pectea being much the largest : where the seeds are attached
expanded into sort of smooth annulus.* Seeds yellow elliptic
(very large) 2-3 lines long,17 lines across the short diameter,
183 across the longer. In the centre of the subdepressed
apex is a brown mammillate point, the foramen. Hilum
nearly as large as the annulus.

Outer tegument 3 lines thick composed of short ochroleu-
cous flesh with a disagreeable smell. Drupaceous coat brown,
composed of fusiform cellular fibres.

Inner tegument thinnish brown, papery, vascular. Third
tegument separating with this except at the apex, where it is
apiculate sphacelated, thin membranous and shining.

Albumen with a quadrangular depression at the apex;
angles, with a foveola or slit at the fundus. From each o
. these hangs a subelastic strap which all becomes confluent

sE gives attachment to the embryo.

* N. B. The left hand figures (Pl. OCOLX.) not numbered or
named on the original drawing perliaps refer to this species. Ed. :

= = ———— TPE EI ETH Pea x: il

CYCAS. 15

. 5. Cycas dilatata.

Trunk about 5 inches in diameter, externally marked with
persistent bases of the petioles but not equally so, for in
some places it is annulated, and almost smooth, in others
crowded with the bases of the petioles. Here and there a
ring occurs of smaller petiole bases, mixed with brown wool,
marking the periods of inflorescence.

Leaves about 4 feet long, the naked part of the petiole 14-
16 inches long canaliculato-convex with teeth-like straight
solitary distant prickles along the margins from abroad base.

Pinnz 7-8 inches long, 33 lines broad, lower margin de-
currence very coriaceous, unequally and very obtusely emar-
ginate, points always appearing broken with one stout mid-
vein prominent on both sides.

Female inflorescence forming a dense terminal crown sur-
rounded by several rows of abortive leaves subulate from a
dilation of the base, entirely covered with pale and cold to-
mentum,

Carpel leaves erect, ovule-bearing, dense part ferruginous
woolly, beyond these dilatated into a smoother fleshy sub-
cordate lamina, the margins deeply incised into subulate
green long subpungeut points, the apex broader entire
subulately acuminate. The outermost bear no ovula: the next
scarcely more than two.

There are about 4 ovula, on either side, close to the limb,
the lower part of the petiole being naked.

Ovula attached by a broad base to a rather deep niche in
the margin, about the size of a large pea, compressed, with
a distinct apiculus, (the foramen).

A long section presents a central gelatinous body, sur-
mounted by an apiculate brown cone, the apiculus of which
corresponds with the foramen, the cone is hollow.

The crown of fruit (immature) is broader but so depressed
at the apex as to be quite flat or almost concave. The carpel
leaves are no longer erect, but curved, and the lamina is
much broader and very concave.

16 CYCADEJE,

'The young seeds are oblong compressed 9 lines long by
8} wide, smooth, yellow, surmounted by a short reddish api- .
culus,

6, Cycas sp.

Truncus 4-5 rarius, 8 pedalis, vetustior vel basin versus ex-
annulatis, apicem versus foliorum cicatribus notatus suban-
nulatus, squamarum vestiguis inter annulos interjectis.

Petiolis basi incrassatis subteretibus utrinque lanceolatis.

Pinnulis linearibus angustis coriaceis, mucronato-acumina-
tis, decurrentibus inferior in spinas dentiformes reductis;
quarum infime patentes, superior ascendentes.

Inflorescentia utriusque sexus terminalis.

Masc. amentum stipitat. stipita e squamis Janceolat. acumi-
natissimis creberremis erumpent. Ament ovato-lanceolat.
pedale vel ultra, undique squamis spathulato cuneatis brupt
truncato-acuminti (acumina subulato-ascendente) apice que

cuneato ferrugineo velutinis, supra nudis, infra undique
antheris tectis, infime difformes vacue, stipite ferrugineo
velutino. Anth. 2-4 aggregate sessiles l] loculares, introrsum
longitudinaliter (quoad fasciculos) dehiscentes. Pollen abun-
dantissima, ovatum leve simplex, aque immersim globosum,
punctis lineatis 2-3 notat. (an semper.)

Fem. spadices lineari-clavate, apicibus dilatato-complana-
tis, dense ferrugineo pubescent. angulatis, acuminatissimis,
extimis intimisque sterilibus integris 4-dentatis, dentibus
ovuliferis, apex introrse glabrato-viridis, ovula rotundatum
apicibus papilla cava, fructibus ovatis glabris subsiccis dru-
paceis, spadicibus fructiferis nutantibus,

Has. Mergue. Ad littoram umbrose maris, prope Chedea
copiose.

Inflorescentia junior fem. terminalis adultior axillaris, oD
folias tarde vita.

Truncus cylindricus exogenus, albumen apex deprexa] 5-6
punctata. Punctz tot saccis membrana propria vestitis

TESNCI TET TCWI DRESS

PINUS. 17

materia mucilaginos limpida continentis, ut primo perspexit
illustriss. Brunonius.
Antherz fibrosis, cellule efibrosz saltem sublente 4,.
November, 1834.

Cycas ovula of, Pl. CCCLXXVII.

Monstrosity of ovula of Cycas, two being united.

Long section of part one of these.

Ditto do. of normal and single ovule.

Ditto transverse section taken above the middle.
Nucleus laid bare, the envelope being detached except
at its base.

Membrane lining the cavity of the nucleus.

Granules and cells, separated and viewed under pres-

B SO hee

"e

sure.
Calcutta: June, 6th-8th, 1835.

CONIFERA.
Pinus.

1. Pinus spinulosa, Gr. Pl. CCCLXIII. Vide Itin. Notes
p. 145. No. 694.

2. Pinus Griffithii., Pl. CCCLXV. Vide Itin. Notes p. 329.
No. 21? The parts of the drawing are not numbered or
named. Should the species be distinct from P. excelsa to
which it is allied, it may be named P. Griffithii.*

The following figures are marked Pinus longifolia of Pushut,
and probably belong to a different species from that represent-
ed on the same plate.

l. Female organ—ovula. The protruded portion of the
coat is badly represented in asmuch as it belongs to the
outer only coat.

2. Outer coat of one ovule partis: removed shewing the
faciem.

* Edit.

18 CONIFERS.

3. Female organ, at a little more advanced period, the
formation of the projecting part of the scale of the
cone has commenced in the shape of a keel-shaped
process between the ovula.

3. Pinus ezcelsa Pl. CCCLXVI. Pinus abies Gr. Mss.

Vide Itinerary Notes p. 123. No. 398.
4. Pinus Khasyanus Gr. Pls. CCCLXVII and CCCLXVIU.
Vide Itinerary Notes p. 58, No. 901.

Has. Khasyah mountains.

5. Pinus longifolia, Pl. CCCLXIX.—CCOCLXX. From

otan.

l. Female flowers with apex of branch. E

2. Spike of female flowers with the bracteze? separated.

3, 4, 4. Female flower different views.

5. Ditto upper or posticous face, 6 opposite face.

7. Ditto opposite face, coat of ovulelaid open shewing the

nucleus. 3
8. Nucleus separated. 1
9. Ditto more advanced upper face. 3

10, Ditto opposite face. E 1
11. More advanced, testa laid open of one ovule, sphacela- F1
tion of nucleus as well as apex of testa evident. 3
. 12, Nucleus detached.

13. Branch with male flowers.

14. Leaves of base with the sheath.

15. Ditto sheath laid open.

16. Included base of leaves.

17. Male ament.

18, 19, 20. Anthers before dehiscence, different views.
21, 22. Ditto after dehiscence,

23. Pollen viewed as an opaque object.

24, 24. Ditto viewed in water,

25, 26. Ditto in spirits.

27, 27, 27. Ditto after maceration for an hour 4,

AS

AGATHIS. 19

Pi. CCCCLXX. Ripe cones and branch of the same.
Itin. Notes.

6. Pinus deodar Nukhéar of the Affghans. Vide Itinerary
Notes p. 331. No. 34.

ABIES.

l. Abies Webbiana? Pl. CCCLXXI. A. densa Gr. Mss.
Itinerary Notes. p. 141. No. 662.

AGATHIS.

The leaves of Agathis are directed obliquely upwards,
their under surface is of a glaucous tint, arising from the
presence of numerous stomata on their surface. "The whitish
tint of the surface on which these bodies occur, corroborates
Dutrochet’s statement, that the white spots are observable on
sume leaves, owing to the air cotained in the adjacent tissue.

The leaves of this species are coriaceous lanceolate obtuse.
They consist of a cuticle, especially dense on the upper or
stomatous surface, and dense parenchyma, in which the green
colouring matter is developed. "Through the centre of this
several parallel vascular fascicles, which do not anastomose
run. "The central ones of which alone, reach the apex, the
others terminating at the margins.

The stomata have generally a transverse direction, and
have direct communication with the inter-parenchymatous
spaces.

The vascular fascicles consist of extremely elongated fibrous
tissue, ducts and spiral vessels, which occur neither rarely,
nor in a rudimentary state. It appears to me that none of
the peculiar tissue exists in the young tissue of Agathis. —

In the wood, these bodies occur generally in single rows in
the tissue composing the wood, occasionally in double rows,
the bodies alternating with each other.

From the arrangement of certain cells of the cutis and of
the outer surface of the scales, of young cones, and which

20 CONIFER.

corresponds to the lower surface of the leaves, there is an evi-
dent attempt at the formation of stomata: an additional
argument in favour of the scales, being transformed leaves.
But they likewise exist on the upper surfaces although in less
numbers.

Agathis loranthifolia, Pl, COCCLXXX.

The ovula have when the cone is about the size of an egg
1

aa Bak NE RI E NIST SN UI RAD Sah ae oe

only one tegument. They are much flattened, their largest
diameter being transverse with regard to the axis, both the
hilum and exostomium are obliquely situated, but still opposite
to each other. The primine is of considerable thickness, cellu-
lar elongated in the direction of the spire, formed by the cone
into an aliform expansion. The exostome is open, the
nucleus is fleshy-cellular, it is entirely enclosed in the cavity
of the testa, to the foramen of which its apex as usual |
corresponds. There is a very distinct central cavity, lin-
ing which there exists a fine membrane, containing some
granular matter, and forming a sac which adheres slightly to — —
the surrounding parietes, and which seems to be closed at 7
both ends, certainly so inferiorly. It adheres very firmly to
the apex of the nucleary cavity, and tears rather than sepa-
rates.

At a later period when the seeds are 1 of an inch long,
their shape is considerably altered, the testa has become coria-
ceous, the exostome is still open. The nucleus is spongy and
constricted at its apex. "The membrane which I have above
mentioned seems to have disappeared. 'The cavity of the nu-
cleus is occupied by the nascent embryo of an oblong shape;
constricted at both ends, this is pendulous, hanging from the
narrow neck of the nucleus, the tissue of the lesser and lower
constriction is the firmest.

A.—Fig. 1. Ovule of Agathis loranthifolia, about 1 line

long, it is inverted.

2. Ditto part of testa removed, a testa, 6 nucleus.

THUJA. 21

3. Do. longitudinal section, a testa, b nucleus, c cavity.

4. Longit. section of nucleus, a nucleus, 4 sac lining the
cavity.

5. Membrane separated partially.

B.—Fig. 1. seed inverted.

2. Do. long section, a testa, b exostome, c nucleus.
3. Long section of nucleus, a embryo.

4. Nucleus more advanced.

5. Ditto long section, a embryo.

6. Embryo removed.

TnuvJa.
Thuja occidentalis, Pl. CCCLXXVIII. Fig. I, IT, III.

The transition from the bractez clothing the peduncle of
the galbulus of Thuja occidentalis, to the squame, is by no
means abrupt.

In this genus there is a tendency towards completion of
the carpella, the sides being prolonged beyond the real apex
which is indicated by a prominence, the margins of which are
transversely decurrent, if I may be allowed so strange an
expression; judging from this tendency, we might expect to
find a coniferous plant the seeds of which are not naked, in
such a case, the fruit would be compound consisting of many
simple single-seeded carpella.

The ovula in this genus are attached by a broad base, in
a very young state they are marginal. The apex is attenuate
the exostome large and irregular. The ovule is not very un-
like a square flask. In all the specimens I examined, and
which were all abortive, the primine was thick and osseous.
The nucleus occupying the lower part of its cavity, being at-
tached by a broad base. The apex is depressed and most
distinctly areolate. Ata later period and indeed when the
galbulus appears perfect, the ovula are of considerable size,
ovate, angular and somewhat curved. The testais osseous and
its exostome denticulate, the nucleus now occupies the

22 CONIFER.

greater portion of its cavity, its apex is most distinctly de-
pressed aud discolored, the base of this part being rather
constricted : no protrusion of the nucleus takes place.

The opening of the envelope or the exostome communi-
cates freely by a canal of moderate size with the cavity in
which the nucleus is lodged. The apex of this latter being
prolonged as it were into the canal. The vesicula occupying
that part which is opposite to the union of the secundine |
with the primine. !

The fasciculus of vessels appears on a longitudinal section |
to run up between the outer and inner parts of the envelope, |
or between the primine and secundine. "The base of the
nucleus is confounded with that of the secundine. This
body is free only superiorly, where it is half ovate, the
apex being acuminate. The upper part consists of tissue, |
dense and whitish, while that towards the base is yellowish.

"The apex is membranous and transparent, marking the ex-
cavated termination of a canal, which runs along the centre
of the nucleus, nearly throughout its upper half. The apex
is distinctly perforate, the base of this is truncate and filled
with air and dislocated tissue.

Towards the upper part of the base of the nucleus or ite.
united part, there exists a large globular cavity. This is
lined by a very fine membrane which may be detached, and
then presents the form of a globular membranous bag. It
is fil with mucilaginous, grumous and granular matter,
having distinct cells intermixed. I should say that on
separation, the granules and enclosed cells form a sort of
membranous body, probably by attraction, see fig. 7.

Six days after fertilization. No change with the exception
of swelling that had taken place in the pollen, which was
adhering to the outside of the ovule, after it had been applied |
for several days.

The pollen is frequently seen in the exostome, and in the

' figured the membranous perforated apex of the nu-
cleus contained many granules, from which no boyaux had

ERT ERU YT

STE ST

mee

THUJA OCCIDENTALIS. 23

been emitted. The rim of the exostome is particularly at
this period shining.

No change appears to occur in the pollen while applied to
the exostomium, nor does there appear to be in any instance
an emission of boyaux. The exostome is frequently blocked
up by pollen, in which no alteration has taken place. The
nucleus in sphaceolated towards its apex and at the base of the
membranous prolongation. "The excavation in the apex of
the nuclens seems to be cleaner, so to speak, sometime after
the application of the pollen.

The boyaux are emitted as 1 suspected first from the
firmness with which the grains of pollen adhere to the parie-
tes of the excavation, which is absolutely crammed with
granules of pollen. The boyaux are only generated towards
the base of this canal.

There is nothing developed at this period, within the vitel-
lus the parietes of which are a perfect membrane. This sac is
filled with a fluid and grumous matter, in which last occur at
considerable distances, distinct sacculi or cells. The grumous
matter and the contained cells cohere and appear like a mem-

@ rane.

The thece polliniferous are composed of tough membrane,
apparently not cellular, marked with frequent lines obtuse
occasionally clavate striz, which are of a light brown colour,
within this membrane there appears to exista much finer
membrane. "There are no traces of the fibrous cells so fre-
quent in the ordinary form of anther,

Eight days after fertilizatian.

The excavation of the nucleus is crowded with pollen gra-
nules, the great majority of which are with the exception of
some tumefaction, unchanged. The parietes of the lower
part of the cavity are stigmatic, that is the tissue is papillose
and lax. The ovula are considerably enlarged, as is likewise
the cavity of the nucleus. The vitellus is much more cellular.

The majority of granules have not generated boyaux.
These appear to penetrate the lax papillose tissue with

24 CONIFERJE.

which indeed they may be confounded. They are however
at once known by the presence of granules in their heads, the
celis being entirely destitute of these bodies. I may observe,
that the boyaux appear to be confined to the truncated dilated
bottom of the excavation. Their course cannot be traced
unless by dissection; the tissue being exceedingly soft and
rendered opaque by the pressure of even the thinest mica.
They are filled with granules, which are as usual of two sizes
large and small, both being endowed with mobility but not in
a high degree.

'The tissue of the TS also surrounding the excavation,
is now of a high brown colour.

I had set out with the supposition, deduced from observa-
tions on Nelumbium and Crotalaria, that there would be mere
application of the pollen to the nucleus, and that no pro-
duction of boyaux would take place. And I argued that the
. boyaux were produced in other plants in order to bring the
surface of the pollen into contact with the nucleus, taking
this view of the case, the granules would perform some other
function, the mere nutrition of the containing membrane.
It is now evident that mere contact of the pollen or of itgg
tubes with the nucleus is not sufficient, as might indeed have
been surmised from what takes place in Asclepiadee. But
that actual penetration of the boyaux into the substance of
the nucleus is absolutey essential. The determination of the
precise state of the pollinia at the period of the first appear-
ance of the embryo, will throw great light upon this most
intricate subject. If this does appear while the boyaux are
appreciable, the tardiness of the appearance of the embryo
inthe Mergue Cycas, will depend upon impregnation not
having taken place.

Ten days after. The excavation appears to be lined towards
its base with a grumous mucilaginous fluid in which the pollen

granules are immersed, at least this is the appearance that à

longitudinal section presents. The boyaux have no apparent
determinate direction, but penetrate the tissue at the base and

M EU.
TOSS TAMEN

TAN EEA Hag d eee

ei i NEPRENTTTTY WS S YT TS

THUJA OCCIDENTALIS. 25

round the sides of the excavation. Then umber of granules
contaiued in the visible parts of the boyaux, that is, in those
parts which are not imbedded in the tissue is evidently much
deminished, many of the grains of pollen which have not
generated boyaux are nearly empty. Can these have excited
any action on them? "The Quintine is at this period tender,
and is easily detached. It appears like a whitish ball of the
size of a small pea. It is now distinctly cellular, the cells
being exceedingly lax and of irregular figure, and hence
does not collapse on the rupture of the cuticle, asit may now
be termed. Mixed with the lax tissue are granular bodies,
which perhaps may be the nuclei of the cells escaped on
pressure, as they frequently occupy the axis of the cells.
The bodies appear like sacs with irregular superficies, and
contain many small granules.

The cellules of this sac are formed from without inward.
Those of the periphery being in a state of cohesion, while the
centre of the sac is occupied by fluid.

The outlines of the lately formed and distinct cells are
exceedingly faint, even under a triplet 44. These contain
.many granules which are in exceedingly active motion of a vi-
bratory and rotatary nature, accompanied with very irregular
and quick change of situation. These cells vary much in
size, and in the larger which are of irregular outline, there is
an evident, though faint tendency to subdivision. It isa
most extraordinary fact, that these actually undergo slow
changes of form, even when detached, and are still in the field
of the microscope !

The indications of subdivision are merely owing to a
greater aggregation of the globules. These bodies are parti-
cularly active in the new sacs, in which they are most trans-
parent. There is some similarity between the appearance
of these and of germinating sporules of Marchantia.

At this period, the sac is tense, and when pierced by a
needle the contents are propelled to a considerable distauce,

D

260 CONIFER.

when the chief bulk of the sac is occupied by cellular tissue,
the granules are still abundant, but they are stationary.

Connected with these observations, I should think that
the development of the ovula of one carpellary leaf, occa-
sionally varies much, the sac of the vitellus being at the pe-
riod above mentioned, generally cellular, occasionally, nearly,
or entirely liquid. Indeed the above observations relating to
mobility and change of form occurred in an ovule, the others
. of whose carpellary leaf had cellular, or nearly cellular vitelli,
—June 18th, 1835.

Thuja occidentalis, Pl. CCCLXXVIII. Figs. I., IT.

1, 2, 3. Ovule of Thuja occidentalis from the same gal-
bulus. The two former from the axille of the outer,
the last from that of the inner scales.

4. Ditto No. 3 long section.

. 5. Nucleus detached.
-. 6. Ovule from a full sized ? galbulus. :

7. Ditto long section. 3

June 161A, 1 |

FEIN du EC iaa si Mi i I ie M ECC Le orm 0X pae fl

edi m

Cupressus.

1. Cupressus tortulosus Pl. CCCLXXII. Cupressus pendula,
Abies Brunoniana Gr. Itinerary Notes pp. 100, 131 Nos.
27 and 529

a. micropyle, 4 wing, c ossified testa, e nucleus.

JUNIPERIS,

1, Juniperis recurva, Pls. CCCLXXIII. and CCCLXXIV.
Male aud Female : vide Itinerary, Notes p. 145. No. 696.

2. Juniperis ezcelsa, Pl. CCCLXXVII. Figs. 8, 8, 8a.

These figures represent a portion of the tissue of juni- -
perus excelsa, of the Himalaya mountains. It is ob-
vious that these supposed pores are ovate round bodies
Which are stuck across the cavity of the cells, or élongated

JUNIPERIS. 27

tissue in which they are developed. The ring inside corres-
ponds exactly to the supposed opening in the containing
cell. The irregular marks seen in the lower part of the
sketch, are probably the remains of cellular tissue. "This ac-
cords with Lindley's idea of this structure. It is certain, that
apparently large holes are left in the containing tissue when
these glands have fallen out. Lindley, however, passes over
the central areola visible in the body itself 8a, which uni-
formly transmits light of a yellowish green colour. My
friend Valentine, who is unrivalled in delicacy of dissecting,
shews this areola to arise from the presence of a glandular
looking body of the above colour.

Pl. CCCLXXVII. Fig. 9, is an imaginary figure of this
tissue, and will be at right angles with the preceding figure
8a ; it represents the membrane, which I suppose to be perfo-
rated opposite the axis of each body, viz., b, b, 4, b, b, b, b, b,
and is somewhat vesicular or rather raised up here ; d, d, d, d,
will represent the body transversely across the tube; e, e, e,
etc., will represent the glandular yellowish body occupving
the axis of d, d, d. This certainly accounts for the anomaly
in a better manner than has hitherto been given.

This section is supposed to be carried through a portion of
the tube, and through the axes of four bodies. inis to the
tube.

Objection: two areole should be visible, looking ub
on the tissue, the areola of the containing membrane is that
of the subexserted apex of the glandule.

The explanation of Dr. Mohl is obviously highly un-
satisfactory, and has the disadvantage of giving no miena
account whatever of this peculiar structure.

Section made at an angle of 45 present nothing but pa-
rallelogramic reticulations, “the margias of which are fag-
ged. June Sth, 1835.

28
TAXACEJE.

Tagus, 2 sp. Pl. COCLXXV. One with axillary the other
with terminal inflorescence. Bootan collection.

- Taxus contortus? Pl. CCCLXXVI. Vide Itinerary
"os p. 351, No. 116.

PopocaRPus.
Podocarpus, Pl. CCCLXXXVI. A. Fig. I.

Frutex dioicus, fol. sparsis linearibus acutis rigidis, amentis
basi squamatis, parte antherifere nudis. Per. O. stam. plu-
rima in spicam amentiformum disposita, subsessilis. Anth.
maximze subreniformi biloculares longit. lateraliterque dehis-
cent. Pollen album leve, medio diaphanum et subcons-
trictum.

Mergue : January, 1835.

GNETACE.
GNETUM.
1. Gnetum, Pl. COCLXXXVIL.A. Fig. II.

Frutex scandens. Ramis articulatis pendulis.

Petiolis insertione humidis, foliis lanceolato-acuminatis,
coriaceis. Inflorescentia extra axillares in axillis foliorum
nempe deciduorum, floribus inconspicuis, viridescentibus.

Spica vel axis florifera subcylindrica, androgyne involucris
integris marginibus truncatis interruptis annulis similibus
circa axim dispositis stipata, partibus floriferis velintra annu-
los involucrorum pilosis, pilis articulatis.

Masc. flores inferiores numerosiores, Per. l-sepalum cla- -

vatum, margine incrassata integra. 'Stamen 1 hypogyna
plano clavato, perianthium excedens. Anth. bilocul. didy-
mæ, loculis longitudinaliter et centraliter dehiscentibus. Pol-

Fem, Per. duplex texturá membranaceum decoloratum,

TES

* ITERUMQUE ie
Cd gp NS Se ee PEERED TAE TEC ey EE UE Ow bP ae ones AAE OTRE

GNETUM. 29

connivens, extus profunde bipartitis, laciniis subintegris. Inter

bisepalum ? sepalis apice bifidis. Corpus centrale ovulum ?

nudum carnosum, apice 3-denticulatum (an foramen) soli-
um.

Diandrum esse conjicio, filamento vasorum fasciculi 2 la-
terales ad sunt, nec centralis ut in filamentis monandris et
anthera vere didyma e loculis 2 omnino discretis. Descrip-
tio generis (Sprengelii) pessima, Jussuea a Linneano exceptum
valde incompleta.

. I am as yet ignorant of the nature of the envelopes of the
female flower. The central fleshy ovate body appears to be
a naked ovule, the obsolete denticalations arising from the
margin of the foramen, The nature and structure of the
two envelopes indicate them to be perianthial.

l. Female flower, outer perianth laid open.

2. Ditto outer perianth removed.

3. Ditto ovule? removed inner perianth open.

4. Ovule, or solid central body.

Has. In sylvis. Pulo Gewen, Mergue: Nov. 1834.

2. Gnetum scandens Roxb. Pl. CCCLXXXVI. A. Fig. III.

Scandens, pendensque, fol. oblongo-lanceolatis obtuse acu-
minatis coriaceis repandis, supra atroviridibus nitidisque sub-
tus reticulatis. Inflorescentia terminatis, spicis paniculata
dispositis, oppositis 13 uncialibus, viridibus.

Annuli arcte involucrantis, integri, flores pillis monili-
formibus cellulosis albis immixti: fzminei superi pauciore-

ue. Basis ima cujusque verticeli, pilis ejusdem formis den-
sissimis occupata. Per. masc. l-phyllum, obconicum, apicem
versus carnosum, virideque fissureque. Stam. 2 hypogyn.

am. omnino in tubum cellulosum connat. Anth. 1-2 locu-
lares, pollen Jeve.

Fem. per. exter. celluloso-membranacea, connivens, apice
2-fidum. Inter. minus 2-partit. laciniis acuminatis. per. ex-
terne obtectum, nucleus centralis, apice truncat.

30 GNETACEJE.

Has. In sylvis inter Mergue et Kulweng etiam prope

Beiktown. 1833.
Dignitas partium non mihi satis clara, ob nucleo solido. |
An membrane exteriores pro tegumenta ovuli habeudz ?
E

3. Gnetum Brunonianum. Gr.

[OVER C

Frutex humilis ramosus erectus, ramulis teretibus ad
articulos incrassatis, fol. breviter petiolatis lanceolato-oblongis
subabrupte acuminatis subrepandis venis secondariis intra
margines anastomosantibus, integris glabris spicis axillaribus
terminalibusque solitariis infra flores ancipitibus, et ad medium
hujus partis, bibracteatis, bracteis connatis bases versus, an-
nulis involucratibus obsoletis, membranaceis, repandis, flori- -
bus nudis, masculis pluriseriatis, superior primo evolutis 5 a
fem. l-seriatis, viridibus, pilis floribus immixtis cellulosiS —
: albis species distinctissima.

Has. Mergue. Frequenter in sylvis densis prop Banlaw:
February, 1835. a

Gnetum Brunonianum, fruticosum erectum, foliis membra- ——
naceis oblongo-lanceolatis repandis, spicis axillaribus termi-
nalibusque solitariis, pedunculo medium versus 2-bracteatis;
annulis obsoletis.

4. Gnetum apiculatum. Gr.

Fructibus subdrupaceis succo aquoso dense spicatis, bast
fructus annulus involucrantibus persistent. pilisque bruneis

tico magis accretis stipatis, ovatis glabris, apiculo acufo
terminatis, subaurantiaceis, l-locularibus, l-spermis, semen
erectum eonformum, spermodermis extus fibrosa, intus cel
lulosa! apice apiculata.

Embryo solidus, superne apiculo sphacelato, carnoallill
ad apicem excavat. an semper? linei longitudinali centrali
basin nec attingent notat? an embryo verus, et corpus caf
nosum per albumen habendum ? :

Tegumenta hoc ordine sequuntur, extima membranacet
glabrum, secundum fibrosum, fibris fusiformibus, aureo-br

a a a

Tee

EPHEDRA. 31

neis nitentibus, inter bæc dua materia cellulosa succosa 4-tum,
tenuissima e fibris transverse dispositis, 5-tum cum hoc
separans, e cellulis brevibus transverse flexuoseque dispositis
hec dua, valde elastica sensu transverse 6-tum celluloso-
fibrosum, fibris fusiform aureis, longitudinaliter dispositis, 7-
tum, semen involvens sed etiam 6-to adnatum, cellulosum.

Cavitas apicalis sepe corpus e cellulis longissime flexuosis,
continens, hoc cum basis cavitat. adnexum.

Has. Mergue.

5. Gneti sp. Pl. CCCLXXXI. Fig. II.
Frutex scandens.

Has. In sylvis versus Colleyang Journey from Assam
Ava: March 25th, 1837.

EPHEDRA.

Pl. CCCLXXXI. Fig. 1.

'The same organization prevails in the female flowers as in
Gnetum : Mr. Brown originally affirmed the instances of
truly naked ovula.

This genus is a remarkable one, and has marked analogies
in certain important points with Equisetum and Casuarina?
With the former its cuticle seems to perform the principal
aérating functions, and it abounds in silex, the particles of
which appear to have no definite arrangement, but occupy
the disks of the stomata!

At least such is the supposition, I have for the present
formed, it is easily proved by examining the surface at early
periods, and the very young leaves, otherwise 1 can in the
mature ramuli find no stomata.* 5.

* I find that in Ephedra Asparagina Itinerary Hym 340, no. 67,
thereis no deposition of silex in the cuticle, which has stomata, arranged
as the disces of the silicous species, pes along. the spaces be-
tween the bundles of elongated fibre

So far my supposition is borne iid:

This species approximates, to Conifere having generally whorled
acerose leaves on its young branches.

t

crystalline masses which I take to be composed of silex.

32 GNETACEÆ

The structure is exogenous, the wood has the usual mark-
ings, and is almost destitute of vessels, it is hence compact,
The pith is from an early period, the receptacle of glandular
secretions, which, when solidified, separate readily from their.
containing cells, whose form they almost necessarily have. |

The bark is the part in which the aération of green pa- |
renchyma takes place, it is thick and altogether green, ex- 1
cept the gray cuticle, and contains rather numerous bundles

|
1
;
:

of highly attenuated woody fibre; which bundles are ap-
proximated to the cuticle.

This last organ is papillose ; the papillz are irregular in size
and distribution, but generally grouped in a certain order;
these I take to be stomata, their disc is prominent greenish
and separable in the form of subamorphous, i. e. scarcely

The structure of the male flowers approaches in the peri- -
anth to Gnetum, but this covering is bipartite, the lobei
covering each other closely, that next the axis or posterior
being outermost. The anther presents nothing peculiar.
That of the female (to one extensively acquainted with ovula)
is not to be mistaken. 4

The outer coat is much like that of Cycas, and as in all
such epericarpeal plants, is of sufficient substance to afford |
protection, and sufficiently green to perform aération,

The inner membrane (like all the others) is elongated, but
in excess, into a tube twisted towards the end which is more
or less spathulate,

In it is a nucleus, with a depressed apex, of the usual cel-
lular structure and appearance, and in this is developed the
embryonary sac from above downwards, which sac is cellular, -
and so forms another exception to my practical rule for de-
termining the future presence or absence of albumen from
examination of the ovulum. Occasionally, in one instance
the presence of a toothed oblique cup was observed sur-
rounding the axis, terminating which were two opp
bractem, and one female flower.

EPHEDRA. 33

The presence of an oblique scale round the base (on oue
side) of the ovule is common, but is generally if not always
due to the separation of the scales above their bases on the
application of force.

The character of this order in Lindley's Introduction, taken
from Blume is open to considerable objections: of this the
term projection applied to the attachment of the male flowers
is one instance.

Then the female flowers are said to be sometimes shel-
tered by a false calyx consisting of two scales more or less
combined, each of which surround one or two flower
a structure impossible, uuless the scales are lobed, which
they are not.

When two flowers are developed one may be axillary and
the other terminal, or both axillary ; when three, the rela-
tion they have to the scales and axis is obvious, when one,
the axillary ones are abortive, because the plant is dicho-
tomous, and in all such cases the terminal flower is deve-
loped first.

The style-like process is not formed from the membrane of
the nucleus, in the sense here implied, or it is perfect before
the nucleus is so, although probably originally formed
from it.

Then no evidence is given about the protruded style-like
process of the fruit before maturity, which process is the
apex of the secundine, or inner coat. And with regard to
the hypothesis assumed, it is totally contrary to all analogy,
for in all instances in phenogamous plants when a peri-
carpial integument or pistillum exists, a stigma exists also.
To this there is no exception.*

Then the assumption of the protrusion of the outer coat
of the ovule is contrary to analogy, in all cases the tendency
to this protrusion is greatest in the inner coat, the embryo-
nary sac half filling the nucleus perfectly long before the an-

* Yet the female flower is far more precocious MALES,
E

thers are perfected. Then the outer coat is rarely evascular,
and as rarely if ever membranous, both which contingencies
exist in Ephedra, if Blume’s theory be adopted.
Lastly the perianth of Ephedra is not closed up, and is not
eventually ruptured.
The remark of the more perfect evolution of Gnetum isa. —
good one, and worthy of much attention. E
It is a remarkable fact, and one that shews well the op-
posite directions of the growths of the male and female or-
gans, that although the terminal spike is developed in both
sexes, the terminal flower of the males is invariably absent,
this however is most obvious in the organs of vegetation,
particularly the leaves.
]. Portion of female inflorescence.
. 2. Female spike laid open.
3. Ditto at a younger period.
.4, 5. Apparently abortive, the two inner scales, one of
which i is removed in fig. 4, were submembranous aud
. not green, surrounding their common stalk was an ob-
lique cup-shaped process.
6. Ovule detached, oblique scale on one side, probably the.
base of one of the decussate leaves or bractes.
7. Outer coat } taken away.
8. Apex of the styliform elongation of inner membrane.
9. Both membranes partly removed shewing the nucleus
10. Nucleus detached.
11. Oblique view of its apex, as an opaque object. :
I2. Nucleus, surrounded partly about its base by the mem-
branes, at a more advanced stage. ; :
13. Nucleus, long section, shewing the embryonary sac.
]4. Embryonary sac, with its free apex imbedded in th
base of the nucleus.
15. Portion of cuticle, stomata choked by siliceous matter:
16. Section of a branch of one year’s growth.
17. Section of ditto of Ephedra asparagina, which has
stomata of the ordinary sort.

34 GNETACEA. E
i
1

35
POTALIACE.;E.
PoTALia.

Potalie sp., Pl. CCCLXXXIII. Fig. I.

Frutex cortice seniori cinerea, juniori fusco viridi, fol.
juniori brunneo-fuscescentum, flores albi ingrati odorati.
Auth. brunnez fructibus juniorib. viridib.

Has. Inter Nidding et Culleyang Delvi : Icon. £t. Ww. no.
28, March 23rd, 1837.

LOGANIACEA,
FaAGREA.

Fagree obovata, P. CCCLXXXII. Itinerary Notes p. 39,
No. 631.

Arbor 35 pedalis elegans, foliis petiolatis oppositis, ad
apices ramulorum tantum, lanceolato-obovatis, sepius obtuse
acuminatis, integris glabris, petiolis basin dilatatis, partib. di-
latatis subconnatis, adeo ut stipule intra petiolaris mentient.
Inflorescentia axillaris cymoso-corymbosa, corymbis foliis
breviorib. multifloris, cymis trichotomis. Bracteis parvis
ovatis membranaceis, ad basin ramulorum. Pedicellis paulo
infra medium bibracteolatis, floribus majusculis, ochroleucis,
suavissime odoratis, odore jasmineo-lonicera.

Cal. 5-fidus, tubo brevi, dentibus rotundatis, marginibus

embranaceis.

Cor, infundibuliformi-hypocraterif. tubo calycem 3-plo
excedent, limbo 5-partito, laciniis ovatis obtusis pe:
æstivatione contortum imbricatis.

Stam. 5, fauci inserta, petalis alternant. longissime E
flam. filiforme ad exsertionem deflexa, tunc ascendentia anth.
subversatilis bilocule longit. dehiscens. Stylus filiformis
longe exsertus. Stigma capitatum, ovarium superum, bilo-
culare, loculis 00 ovulat, ovulis placentus carnosis transverse

*

36 ASCLEPIADEJE.

affixis foramen hilum prope. (See Pl. CCCLXXXVI. A. Fig.
XI.) Pollen oblongo-ovatum l-sulcatum, aquo immers globo-
sum papillosumque.

Mergue: December, 1834.

ASCLEPIADE/E.
STAPELIA,
Stapelia, P. CCCLXXXVIII. Figs. 13, and 14.
Cal. 5-sepalus. Cor. rotata profunde 5-partita laciniis
ovato-lanceolatis longissime ciliatis, fauce laciniarumque ba-
sibus pilis sanguineo-purpureis longis, barbat. sublente 49

punctualis (motione nulla visibli. Textura corolle carnosa,
colore sco mangues rugis elevatis callosis, anastomasan-

P
i
d

a
x
E.

"Corona stamines duplex, extus 5-phylla foliolis petalis op-
positis, linearibus subplanis apice 3-dentatis, Interior 5-
phylla petalis alternantia et staminibus opposita, erecto pa-
tentib. triangulari-subfaleatis profunde bifidis, margo supera

. incrassata triangularis, canaliculata ultra sinuum in subulate
productis, pars relique complanata in apice denticulato.

Antherze subcarnose, simplices, lateraliter longitudinali-
terque dehiscentes.

Pollinia erecta, cereacea, 10-caudicule breves extrorsum
quoad pollinia gibberem product. massz ovatze antice curvatæ
et secus marginam anticum truncatz, ibidemque dehiscente
Glandula ovata, medio sulcata nigra

Stylus sub o. Stigma truncata, bifoveolata, angulis pro-
minentibus, ovarium tereto-subulata. Ovula 00. funicul
brevi, sulco profundo bilabiato hilum prope. Nucleus ante
fecundationem apparens.

Calcutta : June 14th, 1835.

Mr. Brown in the generic character of Cryptos

- Register fol. 435. says “Glandule 5, spathulate, 3

HOYA. 37

lorum stigmatis pollen granulosum (simplex) colligentis."?
This means I suppose simple with regard to the non-aggre-
gation of masses, for each individual grain of pollen has cer-
tainly the ordinary periploceous structure.
In this structure, this plant accedes closely to Cryptolepis.
I have examined both inthe Hort. Bot. Calcut. June,
1835.

Hoya.
l. Hoya viridiflora, Pl. CCCLXXXVIII.

1. Flower.

2. Ditto perianth removed.

3. Ditto Perianth and one of the fissures, a pollen mass is
observable.

4. Ditto all the processes of the corona removed. A gland
with its pollinia is seen opposite one of the fissures, into
which the tubes are descending.

5. Gland and Pollinia (front.)

6. Ditto lateral.

7. Ditto emitting tubes.

8. Portion of the interior of a pollen mass, which has.
bursted.

9. The same viewed externally.

10. Detached grain with its tube.

ll. Long, section of ovarium and style; gland and pollinia
attached ; the brown spot at the apex of the placenta
indicates the passage of the cord of tubes.

Vellore: August, 1833.

2. Hoye sp.

Scandens et subparasit. in arboribus.

Caulibus crassis, albis.

Fol. vel caulinis vel in ramis brevissimis ovato-oblongis
crassissimis coriaceis, l-veniis sepe cochleato-concavis, pal-
Jidis petiolis i uncial ialibus. ;

Umbellis f. tih rennantibus; floribus nu-

a A

88 ASCLEPIADE./RE.

merosis, longiuscule pedicellatis carneo-fuscescent. Corona |
rubro purpurea.
Pedicellis apice incrassatis (fructiferis robustifactis).
Cor. rotata, laciniis cordatis margine apiceque recurvis,
secus margines celluloso-fimbriatis.
Coronæ folioli carnosa depressa et supra concavum. Polli-
niorum compressorum, crista (externa), much developed.
Tendency inleaves to Ascidia, but the direction is reversed
to Dischidia, for it is the upper surface, that is concave.

3. Hoya? Pl. CCCCX.A. Fig. 2

Epiphytica in arboribus pendens subscandensque. Caulibus
teretib. fol. lanceolatis subacutis mucronatis enerviis carosis
crassis ad basin foveolatis, umbellis pendentibus, eformibuss
pedicillis exterioribus nempe longioribus, unifloris, floribus
carneis elegantissimis parvis inodonetis, corollis rotatis densa -
barbatis, laciniis revolutis apicibus nudis. Corona 5.phylla -
foliolis lanciolatis sagittatis carnosis intus in dente anthere -
incumbent product. extrossum sagittatim bilobis, medio in crise
tam parum prominula elevato. Anth. membranacee termi- |
natis fluris maximis. E

Pollinia erecta oblonga compressa margine exteriore quoad
glandula trancata, pellucida cartilaginea, stigma breviter
apiculat,

Has. In arborib. ad lilloram Maris. Ins. Modus Mergue :
March, 1855.

Hoya certe rudimentarum generarum includit quorum type.
sunt Hoya viridiflora, distincti polliniis non margine bruneatis
coroneque foliolis. This is the same as no, 5, in corone fo-
liosis, but distinct in corollaque barbatis. :

ie

4. Hoya? Pl. CCCLXXXVII.
1. Flower viewed in front.

2. € section of do.
3. € removed. Corona staminea exposed.

corn "y psu PITT. P

—— M

HOYA. 39

4. Section of corona staminea, Cal. Cor. Ovaria and
styli removed, stigma remaining.

5. Part of the corona staminea, the processes cut off.

6. Pollen mass in front,

7. Follicta.

This is certainly not a true species of Hoya, although it is
a congener of Hoya viridiflora.

Has. Mergue.

5. Hoya volubilis, Pl. CCCCX. A. Fig. 3.

Scandens volubilis caulibus teretibus, foliis ovato-lanceolatis
acutis coriaceis glaucescentibus basi, 1-callosis, indistincte 3-
nerviis, umbellis intrapetiolaribus longe pedunculatis, floris.
Pedunculis perinnantibus, folia excedentib. apices versus
cicatricibus iuflorescentia antecedentis notatis. Pedicellis fili-
formibus 14 uncialibus basi minute bracteatis, masculis
irregularibus purpureis, floribus magnis, albidis, cereaceis
coronz foliolorum angulis intrantib. rosaceis, anth. lutes-
cent.

Cal. 5 partit. Cor. subrotata profunde 5-partit. laciniis late
ovatis acutis intus lucidis. Corona 5-phylla, foliolis carnosis-
simis, radiatis, supra planis, ovatisgue, angulo intrante den-
tiforme in antheram product. incumbentemque. ^ Antherz
membranum terminate. Pollinia erecta basi affixa, margine
interiore quoad antheram, cartilagineam diaphanam. Stigma
apiculo brevi, apice membranaceo.

Epiphytica in arborib. Mergue: March, 1835, flores sub-
suaviter odorat.

The pollinia on being detached and especially if put in
water become twisted, so that they have the same arrange-
ment as those that are naturally pendulous. It is impossible
to make them revert it to their natural situation, Very pro-
bably the fact of their being erect depends upon some
local appreciable cause, to be ascertained by examination of
these in the young state. ZEstivatio subvalvata, nec Hoye

40 ASCLEPIADE.E.

genuina civis ejusdem generis cum Hoya viridiflora. Partis
floris interdum quaternaria.

6. Hoya. |
Scandens radicansque in arboribus glabra, caulibus ramosis — —
teretibus, foliis breviter petiolatis carnosis ovato-lanceolatis
l 4 uncialibus acutis subtus pallidis umbellis simplicibus, sæ-
pius terminalibus aliquando subintrapetiolaribus foliis longiori-
bus Pedunculo perenni clavato, floribus albis dilutissim rosei
tincti, corollis barbatis revolutis, ciliis intra petiola. 0. ma- |
culat, radicibus infra axillaribus follicul. brunnea.
Has. Mergue. In sylvis Madamacam, August, 1834. |
If this is a Hoya, H. volubilis, certainly constitutes a dis- |
tinct genus, which may be distinguished as follows. |
Cal. parvus 5-sepalus Cor. rotata reflexa. tubo brevissimo — -
limbo superne barbato, corona staminea exserta 5-phylla,
foliolis depressis carnosis ovatis, parte acutis in antheram, |
incumbento, tubo duplici, corolla adnata, secundo omnino |
libero corollae insidenti. Anth. membranea terminata.
Pollinis erecta geniculis extrorsum processum gerenti-
bus. Stigma obtuse apiculat. Folliculi gracilis. Sem. car-
nosa,

7. Hoya velutina, Pl. COCCX. A. Fig. 7.

Scandens pendula exarboribus, totam corolle pagine inte-
riora excepta, pubescens.

Fol. oblongis basi subpeltato cordatis, acuminatis subobtu-
sis margine recurvis coriaceo-carnosis obpendentum quasi
resupinat.

Umbellis inter petiolaribus, plurifloris, pedicellis uncia- -
libus clavatis, floribus amplissimis diametro 14 unciali albidis.
cereis, subinodoris.

Sepalis erectis majusculis oblongo cordatis,

. Alabast. vertice depressa, 5-angulato, valvat.
Cor. rotata carnosa cerea, laciniis paullo infra medium
uct. triangularibus, margine revolutis nitent. glaber.
*

|
|
D
É
|
E
É
E

HOYA, 41

Corona foliola carnosa vertice planiuscula vel concava le-
viter subtus oblique, scooped away, angulo interior liu-
guiforme centrum axeous attingens, margine membranes.

Anth. depresso-horizontalis margine membranaceo undulato.

landula brunneo-nitens. magna apice externo in setas le-
yiter recurvatus product.

Caudicule planiuscule sigmoidee curvate longe. —Pollinia
obovata, margine simplice. Styli disci capiat. in conum central.
subclavat. radistó-atriate:

Ovula plumina, placentam superficeam omneam externam
convexam occupan

Has. Malacca. In sylvis littorat. Tangong Cling. An H.
Velutina Wight Asclep. Lac copiosum. Flor. Febrio.

Asclepiadee. Gen. nov., Pl. CCCCIII.

Suffrutex volubilis, glaber. Caulis viridis compressius-
culus linea pubescente alternatim notatus.

Fol. petiolata elliptico-ovata, basi obsoleto-cordata, bre-
viter acuminata cum mueronulo integra, marginibus re-
curvis, superne atro-viridia sublucida minutissime pube-
rule inferne pallida glabra, basi. 5-venia, venis lateralibus
ee et glandularum conicarum seriebus duabus ima

stipata, vena primaria secondariz, tertiari pauces
ae B Ouid cristaque undulata membranacea insig-
nita! V. secoudariz arcuate, tertiariee varize anastomosantes,
quartariz incospecue.

Petiolas crassus uncialis vel 14 uncialis supra planius-
culus, subtus alato-carinatus, carina basin versus evanida.

Pagina infera tantum stomatosa.

Racemi subinter petiolares in umbellis spurias contracti.
Pedunculo petiolo multoties breviore.

Pedicelli basi bracteas minuti suffult. pilis brevissimis
brunnescentibus adpressis puberuli, ut etiam bractez, initio
involuti ! Flores inodori, mediocres, aurei, rubro-brun-
nei crebre punctulati. Corona staminea atro-purpurea, pili
pennicillorum purpurei. Antheræ N

A9 ASCLEPIADE.

Calyx ordinis, sepalis 5 lanceolatis carnosiusculis, imbri-
catis.

Cor. rotata, profunde 5-partita, laciniz lanceolate, car-
nose mucronulo brevi viridi terminte, dorso pubescentes,
et punctulis subclavatis, sublentem notatz, estivatione val-
vata, alabastra pentagona.

Corona staminea 5-phylla. Foliola carnosa concaviuscula
cordata, extus bilamellata; lamella utraque acuminata apice
pilorum rigidorum fasciculo-pennicillata, exteriore longiore,
intus dente obtuso, rugoso, stigmatis apice zequante aucta,
sed in antheris nullo modo incumbente intus concavo.

Anthere membracez: apici simplices, in stigmatis capiti
arcte incumbentes, minute.

Pollinia, basi affixa subtransversa, minutissima, rotundata
margini interiori quoad par quodque exteriori quoad an-
theram truncata, hyalina. Glandula triangularis antice

brunnea, postice pallida, caudicule semiopace breves, latis- -

simz, marginem superum totum glandule oceupantes.

Stigma apice depressum planissimum muticum; interdum ©
obsoletissime bimucronatum. Ovarium ordinis; ovula as .

cendentia oblonga, foramine sulciformi. biseriata.

Genus certe novum: Hoye notis quibusdam affine;
distinctissimum obcorollam zstivatione valvatam, foramen |
foliorum corone staminee stigma depressum, et ovula

biserialia ; structure in ordine mihi plane ignota.
l. Alabastrum first before expansion.

2. Section of corolla shewing its valvate zestivation.
3. Flower.

4. Ditto corolla removed, miserably out of perspectives

the inner process of the back foliole not shewn.

- 9. Vertical view of corona staminea and stigma. -
6. Ditto two of the foliola, bent back with their anthers
Shewing the situation of the pollinia, à

z BRASIL LII NER LEE aWiexccooet coru ia foU ERR Been

cen NNN ERIE ITE E S AUGUE

PERGULARIA. 43

7. Apex of corona lateral view, foliole removed, shewing
the very small clefts, by which the pollen tubes would
at a pass down to the apex of the style.

8. Pollinia pair of, viewed in situ and looking vertically
down on the stigma.

9. Ditto in situ, but viewed rather laterally.

10. Same as 8, but the furrow is wrong, this is only visible
on the outer angle or base of the gland.

ll. Pollinia viewed laterally.

12. Pollinia, same as 8, furrow wrong; the masses dis-
placed.

13. Pistillum, one of the ovaria laid open longitudinally to
shew the extention of the sides of the placenta.

14. Ditto vertical view, ovula bases of, only visible.
15. Ovary transverse section, ovula nearly enclosed by the
convolute placenta.

16, Ovary cut down longitudinally, parietes for the most

part removed, shews the direction of the ovula of one
row, and the relative situation of the groove and raphal
face, no raphe exists at the time of flowering.

17. Ovulum.

18. Apex of one of the laminz of the foliole of corona sta-
minea.

PERGULARIA.
Pergularia minor.

Caulis scandens teres, pubescens, folia petiolata ovato-
cordata acuminata basi 3-nervia, reticulatim venosa, nervo me-
dio basi corpora 3-5 brunnea gerento; cymi pauciflori intra
petiolares; pedunculo communi petiolis duplo breviore, pedi-
cellisque pubescentibus, flores majusculi pallidi lutescenti-
virides fere inodores.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis lanceolatis subaequalibus. Cor. tubus
longitudine fere sepalorum, ovatus teres, fauce constricta, lim-
bus sub erectus, laciniis 5, oblonga laciniatis, marginibus revo-
lutis zstivatione contortis. Corona staminea 5-phylla, foliolis

tori nive x thei impregnation of Dischidia. The author's remarks on

44 ASCLEPIADE.

extrossum complanatis, apicem infra subiter in processum
subulatam in super antheram incumbentem et stigma paulo
superantem angustata, processis in pagine interioris folioli |
prominulo (an nervo medio folii analogo.) :
Anthere membrana maxima producte insuper stigma con- — -
niventes, biloculares, loculis ratione membrane minimis ;
Pollinia (Pl. COCLXXXVI.A. Fig. XIIL), erecta ob- f
longa vix compressa, deorsum infra insertionem caudicule 1
externe breviterque product. an margo dehiscentibus. Cau-
diculi breves. Stigma muticum oblongum crassum, trans-
verse sulcato, apice celluloso albido quasi fungoso. Folliculi
ovato-subulati. Semina valde compressa subulata ad hilum co- —
mosa. E
Embryo immaturus orthotropus. Cotyledoni suborbicule
venose. Placenta multa alata alis tenuissimis. :
Has. Bengal. Legi. in sylvam ad ripas Jellinghey prope, |
1845.

This seemsto be the Pergularia minor of Andrews Repos. ;
Tab. 85, and Asclepias pallida Roxb. Fl. Indica 2. p. 48.

DiscuipiaA.*

l. Dischidia Brunoniana, Gr. Pl. CCCCX. A. Fig. 1.

Epiphytica in arborib, caulis arcte prostrata repentis et ad |
articulos radicantis verrucosis, verrucis apicibus, piliferis. a

Fol. breviter petiolatis suborbicularis, subpeltatis abrupt
breviterque acuminatis carnosis supera infera planiuscula
supera rugosa verrucosa pilosaque, umbellis intra petioli-
bus paucifloris pedunculis viridiscentis verucosa pilosa, foliis
breviore, floribus magnis, tubo saturato-sanguineo limbo ro-
saceo: odor 0. Pedicellis brevib. calycibusque carneis.

.. * Plates CCCXC, CCOXCI, CCOXCII and CCCXIII, are illus-

ee in the Tran-

í o pos Li ean T Vol. xX. , p. 39

DISCHIDIA, 45

Cor. urceolata 5-partita laciniis ovatis erecto-patentibus
medio bases versus longitud. carnosis crassis, sinubus introsis
in gibberibus productis, zestivatio valvata, fauce scabris pilosis
clausis, pilis ascendentibus medio punjentibus.

Corona 5-phylla, foliolis stipitatis limbo subverticalis reni-
formis albis, fissuris hiantibus fusco-purpureis. Anth. conco-
lores membranacez marginate terminaterque.

Pollinia erecto-oblonga valde compressa citrina, glandula
brunnea, geniculis glandula superant. rubro-brunneis, Stig-
ma apiculo longiusculo subulato.

Species distinctissime obscabritatem. Cor. lacinia erecto-
patentis nec conniventissimis gibberiformis, corona foliolis
marginatis reniformibus nec bilobis hippocrepidiformibus.

Has. Mergue. Inter Rhizophoreis. Ins. Madamacam
Palor prope.

2. Dischidia (Leptostemma) coccinea, Gr. Pl. CCCCIX.

Repens radicansque in arboribus. Caulibus in parte floriferis
s:epius foliis orbatis.

Fol. (insignia) ramulos arcte circumvoluta ideoque subtus
concava (ibidemque radiculos ramosas foventia) subpeltatum
affixa reniformi-cordata, sinu in processum pyramido-denti-
formem, superne elevato, verrucis conicis parce exasperat. su-
pra fusco-viridescentia, subtus purpurea seniora alba ob-
tecta.

Umbellis paucifloris.

Floribus urceolatis, tabo obtuse pentagono coccineo, limbo
brevi vulvat. connivent.livide brunneo, faux annulo incom-
plete clausa. Coronz foliolorum lamine cordate.

Pollinia compressa, spathulato oblonga caudicula brevissima.

Foliculis (juniorib.) extrorsum arcuatis, inferne convezius-
culis longiuscule rostratis.

Has. In arbor Terebinthae, Malacca. A remarkable
Species explanatory of Dischidia Rafflesiana, so far as the as-
cidia and radicles of that species are concerned.

46 ASCLEPIADES.

To this genus belongs D. Rafflesiana ?

All the leaves have the same direction, and are subimbri-
cate ;—very irregular-looking for such organs.

Spec. Char.

Foliis reniformi-cordatis, supra verrucosis in ramulis cir-
cumvolutio adpressis, sinu pyramidali, floribus coccineis la-
ciniis brevibus rotundato-oblongis, fauce aunulo semiclausa.
Caudiculis polliniis spathulato-oblongis multoties breviorib.

3. Dischidia, (Leptostemma) albidum. Gr.

Radicans et repens in arboribus. Caulibus filiformibus.

Foliis cordato-ovatis, mucronulatis subaveniis, breve petio-
latis, utrinqne (sed supra magis) convexis ideo carnosissimis,
Supra pallidis subtus quasi albo-brunosis.

Pedunculis subaxillaribus, perennant. petiolorum longitu-
din.

Floribus umbellatis, paucis, inconspicuis albis.

Cor. urceolata, limbo longiusculo valvato coniform. coni-
formi-connivens.

Faux villis transversis albis clausa, coronz T - lami-
nz angusta spathulate carinate.

Caudiculz polliniz zequantes. Polinia oblonga vix com-
pressa.

Folliculis secus internum faciem profunde canaliculatis$.
longissime rostratis fuscescent.

Semina coma tenuissim. longissim.

Has. In arboribus Malacca, vulgatum.

Spec. Char.

Leptostemma albidum foliis cordato-ovatis, mucronat
juniorib. utrinque convexis, velustior planiusculis laciinis €
rolle tubum fere zquantibus fauce villis clausa, folliculis
longe rostratis.

Of this genus I have met with three species, all agreei
in habit, shape and zstivation of corolla, and peculiar shap
of coronate leaflets.

DISCHIDIA. 47

4. Dischidia (Conchophyllum) albiflorum. Gr. Pl. CCCCX.
A. Fig. 8.

Habitus et foliatio Dischidez, Collibus foliisque przser-
tim subtus punctis albis, folii paginze inferioris perforatis.
The larger most conchiform leaves are purple underneath.

Caulib. repentibus in arbor, ad articulos radicantibus.

Umbellz lateraliter inter petiolares abbreviate apice cla-
vatze, trilobze perennantes, bracteis minutis predite.

Floribus breviter pedicellatis, albis, tubo corolla subglo-
boso, fauce constricta, lamina oblonga, connivens, 4 the
length of the tube, intus carnosa rugosa, fauce nuda
nec villosa, nee annulata. Corona foliola omnium tenuis-
sime, unguibus quite flat, laciniis planissimis simplicissimis,
unguem superantibus apice dilatatis,

Anth. in conum connivent. membranaceum marginat. Cau-
dicule clavatz, longe. Pollinia oblongia, zquantia glandula
minima.

Has. Malacca at Tabong and Verupha.

The species are difficult of discrimination, the distinguish.
ing marks of this are its conchiform leaves, its white flowers,
the rather elongated limb, the simple faux, and the simple
foliola of the corona, which in all others have carinate or
perhaps conduplicate lacineze, whereas here they are plain,
and in the shape of the pollinia; in this too they are longer
than in the others, and their dilated toothed ends are curved
outward.

Blume’s Leptostemma can searcely be adopted with pro-
priety.

5. Dischidia Rafflesiana.

Foliosa ascidifera, longe scandens, ascidia grouped in
large irregular often pendulous bunches, filled. with ants,
lange irregular and variously angular on the surface, often fal-
ciform ; orifice transverse, narrow, lucid, otherwise yellow
green.

Lamina iuflexed simple, with a recurved margin, inside

Li

48 ASCLEPIADE.

black purple with numberless white dots, occupied by roots. |

The internodes of the leafy portion elongated, leaves oppo- |
site, orbicular with a short cuspis, considerably concave mare — —
gins and apex incurved, above angularly rugose, very fleshy
coriaceous. Peduncles stout, perennial subclavate flowering
part with an irregular .surface generaly much longer thau
the leaves.

Flowers not numerous on short pedicels erect, axis of the
laciniæ ochroleucous those of the sinuses of division are dark-

green.
Cal. puberulous, pale ciliolate. Cor. urceolate, tube glo- |
bose, laciniz connivent into an obtuse oblong cone: I
have not seen the corolla open ; after maturity the green co-
lour disappears, the lacinie are merely teeth, not extended,
throughout, cone very fleshy and tough, slighty bearded |
inside, sinuses obsoletely entrant, otherwise faux naked. E
Coronal leaflets with short stout stalks, armed simply in-
curved deflexed expanded conduplicato-carinate. E
Margins of fissures communicate, thick, subcartilaginous E l
below slightly diverging. E.
Anthers obloag erect, terminal membrane long flaccid |
forming a white termination. 4
Pollinia very much flattened oblong somewhat curved, 34.
times longer than the caudicula, which is dilated at the apex |

a level with the summit of pollinia, it is articulated on the
apex of the ovary and adheres firmly with staminal columns
superficies below the angles of the stigmata.

Follicles pendulous, subsubulate rather stout flat and
channelled, above are the seeds (the youug only seen) comose
at the apex.

Has. Malacca not uncommon on trees and rocks at Pale
Bissar also on Puddam Battoo, mount Ophir alt. 2000 feet
_ Spec. Char. Foliaceo ascidif. Ascidici in bundles separi
on the jeres; oblong, variously angular, margin of o o

DISCH!DIA. 49

inflexed into a large simple lamina, with recurved margin,
leaves orbicular, concave, flowers urceolate, laciniæ tooth-
shaped, closely connivent. Coron. folioles dilated simply curv-
ed, conduplicate carinate. Pollinia oblong, flat, many times
longerthan the caudicula. Stigma rostrate, rostra cuspitate.
Follicles flattened and channelled above, also known by the co-
lour of their flowers. If not D. Rafflesiana, nominatur D. vi-
ridescens.

6. Dischidia Rafflesiana.

Scandens volubilis glabra, carnosa, ascidifere caulibus tere-

tibus, ascidiis confertis oppositis brevissime pedicellatis ova-
tis, angulatis rugosis ad pedicellam apertis, collo substran-
gulato margine oris, inflexa in foramen lamine linguzformis,
intus atro-purpurea maculis minutissimis albis, radiculos
ramososin pedicellis axillisque ortas foventibus, fol. distant. !
orbicularibus carnosis plus minus apiculatis marginibus subre-
curvis, nervo medio promicalo. Racemis axillaribus abbrevia-
tis, foliis brevibus pedunculo brevissime, crasso, minute bracti-
ato. Pedicellis filiformibus basi membranacea bracteatis pu-
bescentibus, floribus inconspicuis luteo-viridibus.
- Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis ovatis, pubescentibus, submembra-
naceis, ciliatis. Cor. unceolata fauci subconstricta, limbo 5-
partito, laciniis lanceolatis carnosis erectis conniventibus, intus
apicem versus barbatis, pilis simplicibus.

Corona staminea 5-phylla foliolis lucidis stipitibus carno-
sis. 2-lobis, lobis membranaceis subconcavis infus productis :
par quodque hippocrepidiforme, Sulce communicate valde
prominentis.

Anth. ovatze, marginibus apicibusque membranaceis, Polli-
nia erecta oblonga compressa margine diaphana, caudiculis
brunneis. Stigma apiculata.

Has. Mergue. In arboribus ndisse parasit. praesert.
in vetustioribus partibusque mortuis. -

Corona and Pollinia, see Pl. dT h Fig. VI

G

*

a

*

- hinc generi proximum.
f

50 ASCLEPIADEA.

Florifera Kulwing, Dec. 1834.
“Nec vera Dischidia ob coronz foliolom difformi quamvis

7. Dischidia complez Gr.

Volubilis locofoliorum, ascidiis magnis, oppositis, subreni-
formibus, compressis, gaudet.

These ascidia are very complete, presenting a rather small
orifice near the petiole, the outer margin of this orifice being
inflexed and formed into a second pitcher much smaller
than the outer one, opening on each side by an oblique aper-
ture, deeply lobed or furrowed on the upper carinate or lower
side, a transverse section makes it very reniform. »

The cavity of the outer pitcher crammed with radicles, the — |
inner surfaces of both lurid purple with i inconspicuous white —
ak

:

culis longis, 3-uncialibus apice dilatatis, verisimiliter
perennant. Flor. breviter pedicellatis subumbellatis albidis,
(ante anthesin tantum visi). Cor. tubo subglobosa, faux vix.
coarctata, lamina estivatione valvata, depresso-inflexa car-
nosa, brevia lata ovata,
Faux pilis subclausa. :
Corone foliol. e plicata (simplicem,) eruribus longissimis an-
gustis apice dilatatis transverse conniventibus vel recurvis.
Columna antherarum truncat. stigma vel styli apicem 5-go- -
num excedens.
Pollinia subobovata, caudiculis dilatatiss. extrorsum con-
duplicato-concavis, basin massular. quasi 4 amplectent. mare
gina interiore carinatis, et in mucrona ultra antherse basin
producta.
Pollinia appear furrowed along anterior faces.
Ovaria ?.
Has. In arboribus Malacca,
A very distinct species, although in some others, there is
Sheedency to an inner pitcher.
> Char,

Dischidia complex. Aphylla ascidiis subre-

Ls

m a SPE
wee mS

ASCLEPIAS. | 51

niformis, compressis, lamina inflexa, in ascidia interius evolut.
floribus alabast. apice depressis, fauce pilosa. Foliolis sim-
plicibus. Polliniis antica sulcatis.

8. Dischidia obovato.

Scandens, caulibus teretibus, foliis breve petiolatis, obovatis,
subacutis carnosis integerrimis, pallide luteo-viridescent.
Pedunculis perennantibus more Hoye, intrapetiolaris cylindri-
cis, crassitia penne corvinze, floribus paucis inconspicuis albis.
Cal. minimus, 5-sepalus, sepalis rotundatis, cor. urceolatis
5-dentatis, dentibus couniventes fere clausis, faux pilis clausa.
Corona staminea simplex 5-phylla, foliolis carnosis albis, an-
gular, basin bifidis. Anth. in conum obtusum conniventes-
membrana marginate et terminate.

Pollinia 10 erecta, tumida. obovata, et margine exterior
dehiscent. linea diaphana nulla, tubo pollinioram tenuissima.

Stigma ovat. ad apicem angustatum obtusum,

Has. Mergue. In arborib. December, 1834.

In a flower immersed iu water, the dehisence of the polli-
nia had taken place in situ, along the outer edge of each

mass. The tubes emitted were short and very fine. See

Pl. CCCLXXXVI. A. Fig. VII.

ASCLEPIAS.

Asclepias tenuissima? Roxb.

Glab. caulibus volubilis, foliis carnosis ovatis basi cordatis
3-nervis.

Paniculis cymosis, ramosissimus, intra petiolaribus; cymis
subumbellatis, paucifloris, floribus minutas, purpurea, folli-
culis acuminis supra planiusculis,

Cor. notata 5-partita, tubo sub 0. Corona stam. 0. anth.
membrana terminate, mass polliniis transvers. affixa, mar-
go diaph. 0. Stigma planiuscul.

ies Mergue in humidis: September, 1834. Mergue Herb.
o. 23.

52 ASCLEPIADE/E. -
MARSDENIA.

1. Marsdenie sp.

Longe scandens, caulibus viridibus. Fol. oblonga, ovato-
obtusiuscula acuminata, basi cordata, venis secondariis distinc-
tis apice bifidis et ope arcuat. convexis, vena intro-mar-
ginali obsolete, subtus valde pallida, sinus baseos paging
corpusculifer. ciliz interpetiolares nulle, umbelle interpe-
tiolares, alternantis, petiolis zquanti densiflore, flores ma-
.jusculi, viridi lutescentes.

Sepala subcordata brevissima ciliata. Cor. campanulato |
tubo brevi suburceolato, limbo 5-partito, laciniis ovatis bases |
. versus pilosis, ut etiam faux, estivatio imbricata vix con-
torta.

Corona staminea 3-phylla processubus indivisis fere corda-
tis carnoso-gibbosis medio foveolatis.. Badhere obtusze, mar- *
“gine rotundato membranaceo.

Pollinia erecta (genicule dusitioge transversi) oblongo
subangusto-obovata, introrsum curvata adeo ut apex utriusque -
in super glandulam quasi incumbit. Pl. CCCCLXXXY. A.
Fig. X.

Stigma apiculo conico longiusculo ultra Antheras prominu-
lo, apice emarginato.

Has. Khasyah Mts. Scandens in aboribus in marginibus
Sylve Mumbre: Nov. 114h, 1835. An Mardeniz sp.

=

2. Marsdenia tinctoria, Pl. CCCLXXXIX.

Suffrutex volubilis, succo vix lactesente, habitu ad mini-
mum ordinis.

Ciliæ interpetiolares obsolete. Petiola apice pluri-glaudu-
losa, venz seconsariz regulariter apicem arcuatum nexe, con-
fluentes.

Thyrsi, modus florescentiz insolitus subaxillares, ex um-
Belial pluribus pedunculo dispositis orte.
rescentia centerpita.

21

Z

TYLOPHORA. 53

Flores suave odorati, Heliotropaceo, parvi, ochroleuco-albi.
Cor. unceolati, faux. pilis conniventibus clusa, tubus fasci-
culis pilorum 5, laciniis oppositis, ore flexis, medium versus
stipatus, sestivatio imbricata.
Corona staminea 5-phylla, foliolis a medio infra carnosis
" filamentis adnatis, viridibus medio foveolatis, aspectu fere bi-
cruribus, sursum liberus, linearibus, leviter canaliculatis, sim-
plicibus, in antheris incombentibus. Anthere membrana
ampl. repand. marginate et terminatze.
Pollinia erecta, spathulato-obovata, compressa, alba, areolis
utrinque sub 3-seriatim dispositis, marginibus simplicibus.
.. Glandula solita, caudicule longe spathulate, valde vis-
cosæ, pollinia huic iufra apicem et facie antica affixa.
. Stylus nullus. Stigma fere conicum muticum.
Ovula 4 seriatim, vix ultra 14, placentz breviter productae,

* etovüla lateralia semi-obtegentes.

Coron staminee corone Dæmiæ subaffinis, quamvis sim-
plex. Pollinia difficult solubilia, ob caudiculas adherentes:
non torquuntur immersione ! Granula pollinis in formationem !
massarum intrantia praaliis pauca. Situs massarum albi in-
solitus, in aliis nempe caudiculam terminans.

Suddyah : August 16th, 1836.

TYLOPHORE.

Tylophore sp.—Pl. CCCLXXXVI.A. Fig. 1X. A me-

Morandum of figures copied from Descaine, Paris, Feb. 1832.

lower, bud, corona staminea, ovarium and section of ova-
rium Stigma of a species from Timor. Pollinia erecta,

SARCOLOBUS.

Sarcolobus carinatus, Pl. CCCCX.

Volubilis scandens fol. subcoriaceis oblongis, cuspidato-
acuminatis basi subcordatis, obconduplicatis, concavis parum

*

54 ASCLEPIADES.

undulatis, valde reticulatis, reticulis infere paginz quasi im-
mersis.

Umbellis (interdum cymosim divisis) interpetiolaris vel sub
axillaris, foliis multo brevior, plurifloris.

Pedicellis basi minutis bracteolatis, pedunculi paullo lon-
gioribus. j

AEstivat. leviter contorta.

Cor. rotata subreflexa tubo brevissimo fauce quasi carnosa,
sinubus laciniarum opposita intus productiuscula viridescens
lineolis brunneo-striatis.

Corona stam. nana, simplex. Anth. rotundatz, conspicui
marginate.

Pollinia obovato-clavata subhorizontalia, caudiculis longissi-
mis flexuosis. Stylus brevis. Stigma discoideum apice
nudo albo.

Ovar. 2-1-locularia.

- Has. Malacca, in aquosis littoralibus; foliatio Habitus
Gymnematis, a quo genera differt, preesertim seminibus car-
nosis marginatis.

Hab. Etiam ad Mergue.

Fol. juniores oblongi carinati velutino-pubescentes apice
depreso mammilla exserent.

Ciliis interputiolis O.

This is the Bopple Sambing, a virulent poison is produced
from its seed. ;

If it be found to be distinct from S. carinatus it is to be
called S. virulentus.

Iam not certain about the stigmatic surface, for although the
whole base of the style, indeed, all below the disc is papillose
especially towards the ovaria, yet appearances suggest, that
the tubes, will pass into the style tissue, not along outside
until they reach the ovary, although from the articulation tak-
ing place on the apices of the ovaria; such a course would be -
anomalous. Emission of tubes in another seen, but no fecun-
dation or penetration. |

SARCOLOBUS 55
Sarcolobus, Pl. CCCCV. Fig I.

1. Flower.

2. Corona staminea. Perianth removed.

3. Ditto, Anthers turned back. Pollinia in situ.

4. Pollen mass.

5. Long section of stigma.

6. Ditto, Partial shewing that it is stigmatic 0.

7. Ovule, of a bud about to expand, foramen visible with
the apex of the secundine projecting beyond it.

Sarcolobus, Pl. CCCCV. Fig II.

l. Corolla laid open attached to the caudicule.

2. Pollen masses with the tubes issuing from their ventral
margin ; gland fallen off.

9. Transverse section of the stigma towards its base,
shewing the structure of an asclepiadeous stigma and
that the pollen mass can only get access to the stig-
matic tissue through the fissures in the column of sta-

mens opposite the angles of stigma.

4. Ovule from a flower in which the pollen masses had fall-
€n out and dehisced, but had not then entered the fis-
Sure. ‘The apex of the nucleus is no longer visible.

Sarcolobi sp.

Caule, volubil. filiform. fol. subcarnosis lanceolato-subacutis
marginibus revolutis, subtus purpureo notatis glabris floribus
umbellatis, viridi-lutesceutibus fusco-lineatis, umbellis axillari-

> (alternis nec o ositis) paucifloris, foliis multo
pierioribus, Pedicellis basi bracteatis, ciliis interpetiolari-

C. Cal, Usque ad basin 5-partibus, laciniis 2 exterior minor.
“er. rotata, tubo brevissimo, limbo 5-partito laciniis ovulibus

as faux, denticulis 10 potius monticulis. Cor. stami-

|... "88D, antherze membrana marginate et terminate. Pollinia

56 GYMNEMA.

basibus affixa transversa in stigmata incumbentia, margine
diaphano 0. geniculis longissimis ovarium ordinis.

An Sarcolobus? Fl. Ad humidis in szepibus, Mergue : July,
1834.

` GYMNEMA.

1. Gymnema malayana Gr., Pl. CCCXCIV,

Suffrutex volubilis subglaber. Caulis compressiusculus.
Petiole sursum canaliculata juniores per totam longitudinem,

cilis inter petiolaribus nullis.

Folia cordato-oblonga, subabrupte et breviuscule cuspidata,
basi glandulis? pluribus sine ordine dispositis stipata, integra,
margine flexuosa subrecurva subcarnosa, supra saturati-vi-
ridia, subtus glauco-albida, pulchre reticulata ; subtus tantum
stomatosa.

Cymis composita: subintrapetiolaris . pedunculo com-
muni petiolis longiore; interdum apice umbellatim ramoso,
puberulis. Cymi partialis densiflori; irregulariter peduncu-
lata interdum subumbelliformes.

Flores parvi, (pedicellis puberulis basi bracteatis ante an-
thesin incurvis, bracteis minutis) ochroleuco-albidi, subudo-
rata.

Calyx puberulus, alabastra obscure 5-gona, laciniis basi
subfoveolatis.

Corolla suburceolata, laciniis erectis; zstivatione
bricatis, ciliolatis oblongis, intus flavis carnosisque ; tubo
breve glabra.

Corona staminea nulla.

Filamenta longiuscula, levia obscure carinata, basi pro-
ducta in laminam concolorem brevem, truncatam patentam
margine leviter incurvam. Fissure fecundationis comp. de-
orsum continuati ad basin usque filamentor.

Anthere rotundatz imberbes, ipic termenate.

im-

compressa, E

cugino a
ZEE

GYMNEMA. 57

margine uniform. Glandule majuscule brunnez apice trun-
cate, lateribus obsolete 3-gonis, caudicula longa. medio torta,
parte torsionem supra fuscescento ; infra, subhyalina.

Styli nulli, stigma muticum capita papilloso, cellulose
albo, conum obtusum formante, superficie basis obconicze cu-
ticula orbata ideoque stigmatosa.

Ovar. ordinis, Ovula pluriseriata ordinis.

Vix dubito quin species sit sectiones supra citate ; nullo-
modo Gymnema. Polliniaenim Gymnematis (salle in G. Syl-
vestra) apice pellucido coarctato gaudent.

Differt ab omnibus aliis mihi cognitis fissura fecundationis
deorsum continuata, quasi completa vel aliis verbis, filamentæ
Sursum discreta (partibus fissurze respondentibus) inferne in-
terne tantum cohzrentia.

Pollinia, ut alia in omnia, in aquam immersa inventuntur,
€t quoad glandulam pendula fiunt. Ab hoc anjudicare licet,
positione pendula tantem naturalea esse.

um Gymnema occordat laciniis corolle intus carnosis.

An affinis G. Finlaysonio, Sect. 3 Wight Contr. p. 46.

l. Alabastrum just before expansion.

2. Flower : at a rather late period: I have not seen any in

perfect expausion.

3. Staminal column of bud.

4. Ditto, two anthers removed to expose the situation of

the pollinia.

5. Pollinia in situ (opaque and vertical view.)

6. Ditto ditto lateral.

7. Pollinia viewed in water.

8. Pollen mass and its caudicule.

9. Long section of staminal column and pistillum, base of

stigma certainly has a stigmatic surface.
10. Ovulum,
1l. Staminal column of bud, corolla equal to the calyx.

: =o fone of a gland and its caudicule. 115. Pollen mass.

ditto corolla, twice the length of €

58 ASCLEPIADE.

12a, Gland and its two caudicule, now twisted and nearly
perfect. 125. Pollen mass.

2. Gymnema, Pl. CCCXCV.

Alabastra viridia, uti flores lacinie marginibus purpuras-
centibus.

Caulis albido fucescens folia supra saturate viridia, subtus
albida, juniora fucescentia.

Has. In collibus 7sa-gaiya, on the Irrawaddy above Ava:
May, 1837.

3. Gymnema. Pl. CCCXCVI.

1, Bud and natural size.

1. Do. magnified, perianth removed.

2. Anther detached.

3. Gland.

4. Pollen mass.

5. Corona staminea etc., of a bud at 3 of its development.
6. Gland of the same.

7. Flower.

8. Ditto vertical section.

9. Ditto perianth removed.

10. Ditto ditto anthers removed.

ll. Pollinia and gland.

12. Long section of the ovarium and stigma.
Vellore: August, 1833.

CALOTROPIS,
Calotropis gigantea.

The only a normal form of this flower, is that in which
there is an increased development of the processes of the
corona staminea, with a corresponding increase in the an-

ther and angles of the stigma. The greatest increase that -
I have seen is three, making 8 processes. In this case, between

CALOTROPIS. 59

three of those opposite the sepals, three smaller ones are de-
veloped opposite the petals. Opposed to these, three addi-
tional anthers are formed

In the highest state of monstrosity, these addition-
al processes are distinct, more frequently the anomal
adhere either entirely or partially to the normal ones. Inthe
latter case, the base is distinct and opposite the petal. To
such, there is not an additional distinct stamen, but the
stamen corresponding to the normal process is increased in
Size; this depends on the degree of distinctness or cohesion
of the accidental process. If this is considerably developed
the anther is nearly doubled in size, I have never observed
impregnation in these cases.

Calotropis gigantea, Pl. CCCXCVIII. Fig. II.

l. Corona staminea, Pollinia and glands in situ.

2. Ovarium etc., in which impregnation has taken place,
the tubes are seen passing from the pollen mass and
entering the style; there is a manifest enlargement of the
ovarium of the same side.

3. Pollen mass and tubes.

4. Portion of ditto as seen with Ross’s triplet, here the
external membrane does not appear divided into cells.

5. Tube separated.

6. Ovarium, the styles still adhere, but from the great com-
parative enlargement of the fecundated ovarium, their
junction is about opposite the centre of the larger ova-
rium,

gs ae gigantea, Development, Pl. CCCXCVIII.
ig, i.

First stage. Cor. shorter than the calyx.
l. Bud.
3. Long section of ditto.
3. Stamens in situ. no trace of corona staminea.

60 ASCLEPIADES.

4, Stigma, the depressions on its angles visible but no
rudiment of glands.

Second stage. Cor. 4 longer than the calyx.

I? Bud.

2’ Corona staminea and anthers: corona slightly deve-
loped, its processes are of a form totally different from
that of the mature ones.

3’ Stigma. Glands visible, arms not so.

Third stage, Cor. twice longer than calyx.

1” Bud.

2” Corona staminea and anthers, the fissure in the pro-
cesses has closed up and the convoluted base is appar-
ent, no traces of the 2 teeth at the upper part.

9" Ovarium and stigma. Glands and arms developed but
as yet unattached to the pollinia.

4" Gland detached.

Calotropis gigantea, Pl. CCCXCVII. Fig. I.

1. Bud.

2. Flower, 3 times natural size.

3. Ditto Pollinia : adhering and detached.

4. Corona staminea.

5. Pollen mass with its gland. Front view.

6. Ditto lateral view.

7. Gland detached.

8. Long section of Pollen masses.

The same Pl, CCCXCVII. Fig. III.

1. Longitudinal section of the ovarium, the passage of the
cord, down the base of the style is marked by a spha-
celated appearance, at the upper end of the cavity the
pollen tubes are seen, some of them are disarranged and
their extremities seen.

. 2. Longt. section of the placenta, the pollen tubes are
. Seen ramified over the placenta passing down its base.

ee TRO

TOL

OXYSTELMA, 61

3. Ovule, shewing the communication of the tube with
the ovule at the base of the funiculus.

The sume Pl. CCCXCVII. Fig. II.

1. Ovarium, style and stigma. Three pollen masses are
seen with the cords running down applied to the style,
only one ovarium is fecundated.

2. View of the base of the stigma, the cord is seen appli-
ed to the surface destitute of cuticle, which is always
Opposite to the space between the anthers.

3, 4,5, Pollen tubes at different stages of growth.

6, 7. Ovula, with the tubes communicating with them.

OxyYsTELMA.

Ozystelma esculentum Br.

Asclepias rosea. Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2 p. 40.

Herba scandens volubilis inter gramines in locis humidis
proveniens, glabra caulis teres. Folio brevepetiolata linearia
acuminata subtus convexa, |-nervia, nervo medio infra promi-
nula, basi subbiglanduso. Racemi intra petiolares foliis brevi-
ores panciflori erecto patentes, flores basi nudi ? maximi dia-
Metro unciali inodori, extus albi, intus carnei purpureo
reticulatim venosi, segmentis margine incurvis ciliatis.

o
Cal. 5-partitus laciniis lineari lanceolatis. Cor. rotata com-

Panulata tubo sub o, laciniis 5-ovatis, basi latioribus paten-

ti-erectis ; corona staminea simplex 5-phylla, foliolis basi
annulatis medio ventricosis, apicibus subulam acutam gynos-
tegio longiorem et stigmatem in super incumbentem pro-
duct. lateriusinque compressis et postice interiorive planis
Marginatisque. Antheree membrana terminale. Pollinia pen-
ula. Glandula brunnea caudicule breves: masse pollinis

E apicibus affixse spathutato-obovatz compresse margine in-

terior} quoad antherz loculos valde ventricosa vel magis con-

Yéxam, anguli stigmatis supra prominuli, caput vel superficies

62 ASCLEPIADES.

supra peripheriam plana, centro convexo transverse sulcata
vel sub-emarginata.

Has. Bengal. In humidis vel secus rivos intra Pubua et
Shirazgunge: Sept. 11th, 1835.

The annulus at the base of each process of the corona
staminea may perhaps be considered as the rudiment of an
outer series, although they are not mutually continuous in
the spaces alternating with the processes. Its situation is in
my opinion near Domia.

Ozystelma esculentum, Pl, CCCC. Fig. I.

]. Placenta, chief part of ovaria cut away, front view.
2. Ovarium partly cut away lateral section at least of the
ovula removed, a few remain in situ. or attached by the

)oyaux.
3. Ovule viewed obliquely.
4. Ovule laterally.
5. Ovule obliquely.
6. Ditto lateral.
7. Front view.
8. Ditto ditto.
9. Ditto ditto.
10. All from the same placenta: 5 shews the termination
of the boyaux.
10. Ovulum from a flower before expansion.
11. Ovaria some time after fecundation, lateral and longitu-
dinal, the inflection of the septum remaining.
12. Central view of an ovule of do.
13. Ditto Dorsal.
14. The same under slight pressure.

The same Fig. II.

15. Dorsal view of ovule.
16. Central of do.

17. Longitudinal section through the greatest diameter,

OXYSTELMA. 63

shewing that the cavity is occupied by a cellular mass
fixed to the base of the cavity.

18. Cellular body removed, from a young fruit an inch long.
Coma of the seeds, ovula 5 times longer than the ovula.

Oxystelma esculentum, Pl. CÓCXCIX. Fig. I.

1. Coma 8 times longer than the seed, Raphal or inner face
the young seed.

2. Ditto long section through broad diameter or parallel
to the faces of the seed.

3. Embryonary sac of do.

4, Raphal face in a more advanced stage.

5. Ditto Longit. section.

6. Embryo detached.

7. Embryonary sac less advanced, but from the same pla-
centa.

8. Embryo of do.

9. Seed nearly mature.

10. Embryonary sac detached.

ll. Embryo.

12. Embryonary sac less advanced.

The same Fig. II.

1. Corona staminea etc., one leaflet removed.

2. Ditto all the leaflets removed. Two Pollen masses en-
gaged in the clefts of fecundation.

3. Lateral view of Pollinia.

4. Ditto front.

5. Ditto back.

6. Corona staminea laid open, one leaflet and one anther
removed, shewing the passage of the cord, the ovaries
considerably enlarged. :

* Stigma, styles and apex of ovary, shewing the passage
of the cords and the place of their entrance.

8. Pollen mass, dehiscent.

o M ASELEPIADEJ.

9. Ditto portion of, viewed internally.

10, Ends of two boyaux.

Fecundation in Ozystelma esculentum is by no means
uncommon, The steps being almost precisely, the same
as in Asclepias. Dehiscence, of the pollinia never taking
place in the cells, but in the clefts of fecundation, and occur-
ring along the convex or inner edge, with regard to the an-
thers. The bundles of tubes passed to the base of the
head of stigma, thence being reflected in passing down
its prolongation : the base and the prolongation consisting of
stigmatic tissue, the outer part being almost indurated
into a sort of cutis, the tubes pass into the apex of the
styles or at the point where the articulation takes place,
and where the styles are green and have no lax stig-
matic tissue. Thence downwards to the placenta, over
which they spread, proceeding most: distinct to the ovula,
the groove of which they enter appear to penetrate into
the substance of the ovulum to alittle distance from the
fundus of the groove.

They are in this state almost entirely empty. Extensive
sphacelation of that portion of the styles, which are not
stigmatic, and into which the tubes enter, takes iron but no
signs of it are perceptible on the placenta.

The ovula at the period of the attachment of the tubes
have undergone no change. The nucleary excavation is ge-
neraly however more evident, and occasionally appears par-
tially with dislocated tissue, no raphe is visible. The
excavation in its more advanced stages appears to have a
communication with the fundus of the foramen. At the pe-
riod when the coma is equal to the ovulum, the cavity
does not bear the same proportion to the ovule that it
did previously. The raphe exists, shining along an elevated
line and terminating towards the centre of the ovule. The
central opaque portion of the ovule is solid, but no separation
of the parts appears to have taken place. *

. At a somewhat later period the mele is more developed, — |

VONT

T

OXYSTELMA. 65

and the central opaque portion is occupied by a cellular
roundish mass which has the same direction as the nucleus,
to the base, of whose cavity it is attached. This is the com-
mencement of the embryonary sac.

The next stage when the coma was about 8 times longer
than the ovule, presents no important change in the coat of
the ovule, the embryonary sac is increased in size, and is
now free from adhesion except by its apex to the apex of the
cavity! This attachment is very slight, it contains towards
its apex a globular semiopaque body, attached by a filament
of similar appearance to the apex of the embryonary sac.

The next stage presents the young seed much increased.
The embryonary sac much enlarged. The embryo attached
by the apex of its radicle, by a very short thread which
does not reach the apex of the sac, and the cotyledons
considerably developed and alternate with the raphe, the
traces of the original adhesions of the sac are visible.

The next presents the raphe completely developod, ter-
minating towards the centre of the seed and towards the
centre of the cotyledons.

The embryonary sac occupies the chief portion of the
seed, and it is occupied chiefly by the embryo which has as-
sumed its mature form the cotyledons, being now nearly op-
posite the raphe.

Finally the sac becomes attenuated to a membrane, appear-
ing to contain no albumen, the embryo fills its cavity almost
entirely and the cotyledons become opposed to the raphe.

The remarkable parts are in this, the incompleteness of
the raphe, it has in common with some others as Veronica,
the late appearance of the embryonary sac, its change of
attachment, and the change in the situation of the cotyledons.

Bud } line long, mass not separable from the cell, I see
very little analogy between the formation of the pollen in

epiadez and the ordinary forms, in the earliest stage seen

* mass consist of an excessively fine sac, containing
much molecular matter, either scattered or aggregated in

1

66 ASCLEPIADEJ.£.

- transverse bands or forming merely opaque dots in both cases
of irregular outline. In next stage the membrane is scarcely
demonstrable, bursting under the slightest pressure, it is now
filled with the granular matter, which is not however
grouped but continuous.

In a flower-bud 2 lines long the mass has assumed its ma-
ture form, the outer membrane is cellular, and the granular
matter divided into masses, corresponding to the cells, the
inner membrane now appears to exist.

No other change takes place except in induration, and the
more complete development of the inner membrane.

The best mode of accounting for this formation is to as-
sume, that the original mass, forms directly the grains of
pollen and that these never lose their original connection;
or we may look upon the mass as consisting of a single
original cell, which subsequently becomes indefinitely di-

vided. To this view, the only objection is the persistence of
the original cells, but this point is not yet sufficiently de-
monstrated. -

CYNANCHUM.

Cynanchum inconspicuum, Gr. Pl. CCCCI.

Volubilis puberulum, foliis oblongo-ovatis acuminatis, basi
profunde cordatis auriculis convergeutibus supra velutino-
lucidis subtus albidis.

Racemis umbelliformibus inter petiolaribus, pedunculo
commune petioli subzquante, pedicellisque pubescentibus
excedente, calycibus puberulis. Corolla patente-reflexa, laci-
niis oblongo-lanceolatis, intus lutescentibus extus albidis,
glabris.

Ciliz inter-petiolares nulle glandulz ? aggregatia ad basin
folii cujusque.

Sorona stam. corolla 1 brevior, 10-fida, laciniis petalis
oppositis minoribus erectis emarginatis intus carina sim-

CYNANCHUM. 67

plicei auctis, alternis horizontalliter conniventibus antheras
insuper integris.
nthere membrana cordata alba terminate.

Polliniz ventricosa oblique oblonga latus interioris quoad
antheras convexiora.

Caudicule breves lutiuscule aspectu cellulose margo `
Superus cum apice pollinia parallelus,

Glandula ovate, sulco dorso inconspicuo.

Stigmam muticum.

Ovula placentatioque ordinaris.

This species can scarcely be referred to any of Mr.
Brown's sections, and itis intermediate evidently between
his first and second.

lt may be thus characterised :—

Sect. II. Corona staminea tubulosa, colomnam includens,
ore 10-fido, laciniis 5 exterioribus petalis oppositis intus
carinatis,

C. inconspicuum mihi, foliis oblongo-ovatis acuminatis
basi profunde cordatis; corona st. corolla breviore, laci-
nis 5 exterioribus erectis emarginatis, carneis simplicibus
interioribus majoribus integris antheras insuper conniven-
tes, interioribus integris os clausentibus.

l. Alabastrum,

2, Flower lateral view.

3. Ditto vertical, corolla out of perspective.

4. Corona staminea laid open, it is evascular.

5. Genitalia, cor. st. removed.

6. Ditto an anther removed shewing the direction of the

pollinia.

7. Pollinia. Portion of an insects antennz ? caught i in the

furrow of the gland.

' Anterior view of Pollinia.

9. Posterior ditto.

Pistill

68 ASCi EPIADEAR.

Cynanchum viridiflorum, Pl. CCCCII. Fig. I.

]. Bud just before expansion.

2. Flower perfect.

3. Columns. staminea and stigma, magnified.
4. Longitudinal section of do.

5, 6. Pollinia.

7. Inner view of anther.

8. Outer do.

9. Ovarium and stigma.

10. Ditto the pollinia in situ.
11. Transverse section of the ovarium.

Cynanchum ? Pl. CCCCII. Fig. II.

l. Flower viewed vertically.

2. Corona staminea.

3. Outer view of anther.

4. Inner ditto.

5, 6. Pollinia and glands.

7. Stigma and part of ovaria, Pollinia in situ.

8. Corona staminea. Anthers dehisced transversely. Pol-

linia in situ.
Toxocarrvs.
Toxocarpus Roxburghii, Pl. CCCLXXXVI. Figs. IV.
V.
Scandens. Caulibus teretibus brunneis, fol. petiolatis
oppositis obovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis integris, utrinque

ad venas parce brunzeo-pubescens infra reticulatis. Cymis inter
petiolar. folio brevioribus, ramis divaricatissimi-flex uosis, flo-

ribus citrinus subsuaviter odoratis. Pedunculis pubescent -
bracteis minutis ovatis. Cal. equaliter et profunde, 5-partitus, -
laciniis eodem mod pubescentibus, ciliatis. Cor. infundibul.

tubo terete, calyce duplo fere longiore, limbo 5-partito, laci-
niis linearibus subobtusis tubo paulo longioribus, reflexis

esu oie

TOXOCARPUS. 69

sibus parce barbatis, linea 2 barbatis, basin paulo supra con-

fluentibus.
f ; Stylus clavatus annulo prominulo paulo supra basin bifido.
— Stigmata 2, simplici. ZEstivatio leviter contorta.

Corona staminea 5-phylla, foliolis carnosis 3-lobis, lobo me-
dio majore, intus dente anthere incumbentibus aucto. Anth.
apiculate longitudinaliter aliterque dehiscentes, aunulo styli
arcte adherentes.

Pollinia ovata quaternatim, corpusculo oblongo stigmatis
singulo affixa cereaceo.

Stigma apice clavata longe producta, bifida, basin vix. 5-
gonum. Glandule oblonge ramose bifide. ^ Ovarium ordi-
nis. Genus distinctissimum inter Asclepiadeas veras et Pe-
riploceasq ue. Asclep. longistigma Roxb.

‘Has, Ad littoram Mergue: Sept. 1834.

. Toxocarpus, Pl. CCCCIV.

l. Plant.
. 2. Flower just before expansion.
_ S. Ditto expanded.
4. Corona staminea and stigma. Cal. cor. removed.
5. Ditto, Processes removed.
6. Process of corona staminea, outer view.
7. Ditto, inner.
8. Ditto, with anther attached.

Pres: of the Pollinia, these being waxy, but 20, resem.
ling the latter in the gland, which is emarginate.
Asclepias longistigme. Roxb. Fl. Indica.

70 ASCLEPIADEA.
FINLAYSONIA.

Finlaysonia obovata, Pl. CCCCVII. Fig. I.

Volubitis. Scandens, caulibus teretibus, junioribus pre-
sertim purpurascentibus foliis obovatis abrupte acutis mucro-
natis integerrimis glabris carnosis supra pilosis subtus palli-
dis et pulchre reticulatis, junioribus, cymis inter petiolaribus
foliis brevioribus ascendentis dichotomis pubescentibus, brac-
teis minutis, floribus parvis, cor. lutiscent purpureo tincta,
barba alba.

Char. Gen. Cor. rotata laciniis intus barbata, faux coronata
processubus subulatis ; Antheras 5 oppositis. Stamina fauci
inserte, libera.

Antherz, longit dehiscent. apicibus carnosis 3-angularibus.
Stigma inflexis. Masse Pollinis 20 granulosz obovate 4 an-
therarum cuique loculo, lividz, egranulis quaternatim cohz-
nentibus formatis. Corpuscula stigmatis apicibus dilatata lon-
gissime, ab apicem hinc usque ad medium fissa. Glandula car-
nosa subrotunda. Stigma 5-gonum apice coarctata sub bifida
excavationibus transversis, 5 cum angulis alternantibus !

Cellule fibrose anthere adsunt: etiam numerosissime.

Textura, cellulosa laxa (stigma verum).

Has. Scandens insuper arbores in aquosis in Rhizophorus.

1. Base of the petals with their processes and column.

2. Stigma, Glands attached.

3. Anther and Pollinia inner view.

4. Pollen mass.

5. Ditto attached to Gland.

6. Lateral view of the Gland.

7. Front of Ditto.

8. Ditto its foot.

9. Pollen shewing the quaternary division.

JO. Flower &c.
Mergue Sept, 1834,

"v

MYRIOPTERON. 71
STREPTOCAULON.

Streptocaulon sp., Pl. CCCCVI.

l. Flower just before expansion (vertical).

2. Corona staminea of the same. Corolla and calyx re-
moved.

3. Back view of anther.

4. Inner do.

5, 6, 7. Gland and caudicula, incumbent faces and lateral.

8. Do. Pollen attached.

9. Pollen shewing the ternary aod quaternary division.

10. Stigma vertical.

ll. Do. and ovaria.

Mergue : Sept. 4th, 1834.

MYRIOPTERON.

Myriopteron, Pl. CCCCVIII. Fig. I.

l. Bud first before expansion.

Flower, it becomes afterwards more twisted, the lacinece
quite so,

Corona staminea, sepals and base of corolla remaining.
The same. Anterior foliolum cut away at its base.

The same. Anthers all cut away.

Two anthers, and tube of corona staminea internally to
Shew the tooth in the sinus. The connective towards
the base projects, and this part (if any) adheres to the
Stigma,

N

p mie

_ 7. Pistillum and pollinia,
- Stigma vertically.

9. Glands etc laterally.
10. Back of Ditto.

ll. Pollen grains.

12, Ovary transverse.
13. Ovula,

u
September lst, 1843.

72 ASCLEPIADRA.

Periploca.

Fruticosa longe scandens (sed vix volubilis) succo lacteo
copius viscidissimo effet. Ramulis viridis, fol. lanceolata longe
acuminata, fere caudata, integra, margine cartilagineo, vena
intro marginali valde distincto, cilii sphacilate intro petiolaris,
glandulz bases paginz versus obsolite. Cymi axillares, opposi-
ti dichotomi, pauciflori, foliis multo brevioris, Bractez lanceo-
late, minute, ad basin pedicillis pedunculique.

Sepala apice reflexa. Cor. rotata zestivatione fere valvata,
laciniis lanceolatis intus barbatis pilis albis.

Processus carnosi subreniformes, sinubus corolle subjecti,
Sinus introrsus, processum subulatum erectum apibus mu-
tuo conniventibis pilosum gerens.

Filamento basi connato. Anthere supra stigmam conni-
ventes, membranacez, lanciolatz, secus centrum dorsi ciliate,
apicibus pennicellatis acuminatis. Pollinia solitaria e granulis
concervatis in corpusculo brunnea cujus caudicula elliptica, un-
gue brevi, glandula sub hippocrepidiforme inferne concava

carnosa insidentia.
Stigma simplix muticumve Pl. CCCLXXXVLA. Fig.
III.

Has. Khasya mountains Mumbreein sylvis: Nov. 9, 1835.

Impregnation in Periplocea, Pl. CCCCVII Fig. 11,

1. Transverse section of column below the anthers.
The intervals between the anthers,* by which a direct
communication can take place with the base of the stig-
ma ; the apex of the style is green and shining, particu-
lacy during the expansion of the flower, when it seems
to be lubricated by muscus.

The convexities correspond to the filaments.

c. The groovesby which access is gained to the stigma.

2. Longitudinal section,

The filament cut through. E
a. Space alternating with the filaments, opposite and 1"" 4

iM DELI Lorébip rb n diede

|
|
|
E
3
3
4

PERIPLOCEA. {3

mediately beneath the glands, so that the pollinia by
mere falling can get access to the stigmatic surface. 5.
The part which corresponds to the stigmatic surface, it
is greener than the body of the stigma.

3. In this case fig. 3 the granules appear to be held to-
gether by something viscid, and are apparently not
contained in a tube, this is applied to the foramen
which is near the hilum, and which is indistinct. In the
figure, it would appear as if the upper part of the ovulum _
were filled with these granules, the lower remaining
empty : no nucleus was visible.

4. Grains of pollen, one of the component parts has burst
and sent out 2 short boyaux.

5. Ovule some time after impregnation, ovarium the length
of the calyx. "The nucleus is distinct, the foramen is
more remote from the hilum and sphacelated.

6. In this ovule a mass of dark grumous matter was

applied to the foramen, but did not appear to pass into
it, since it was easily detached. The first rudiments of
the nucleus are visible, this is filled with granules
similar to the mobile ones.
The foramen is indistinct even at a very early period;
the ovula at this time appear to contain scarcely any
granules. The hairs of the ovarium which are developed
Post anthesin are punctuated: they contain likewise
plenty of green granules; but the punctuated appear-
ance is independent of their presence, continuing after
the granules have been squeezed out, they appear to be
elevated above the common membrane.

* In Several instances, part of the base of the flow-
er, and the furrows leading to the stigma, have been
Covered over with what appears to be a waxy secretion ;
it is of a whitest colour to the naked eye, the microscope

demonstrates it to consist of an infinity of granules,

held together by some denser medium, in all probabi-
lity it is owing to a solution? of the pollen masses in

K

74

so

ASCLEPIADEM.

the viscous matter dissected by the furrows, see fig. 2.
It slips likewise into the furrows along, which it seems
to produce the sphacelated appearance: thus it likewise
produces on the surfaces over which it is applied.

The tubes reach the ovula and become applied to the
foramina in a firm manner. In the instance figured,
three tubes have united into one, these together with the
common one, particularly the latter close to its entrance,
contain granules and what appear to be coagula. No
change is visible in the ovule except a slight opacity
towards the foramen. This opacity is not central. the
granules do not appear to be mobile while in the tubes,
when they have escaped into the water surrounding
the object, they are very mobile. The motion con-
sists chiefly of rotation on their axis, there is scarcely
any locomotion. In the above, 3 tubes are not united

into one as it appears from the drawing; the appear-

ance is owing to another tube being doubled on itself
beneath that proceeding to the ovula. The tubes do
not appear to enter far, if at all into the ovulum.

10. Group of Pollen grains which have dehisced.
The conclusions that I deduce from the above imperfect

oss)

9

e

4. That the tubes do reach the ovula, and become RT :

observations are as follows :

. That impregnation takes place (generally) by the emis-

sion of tubes which enter the base of the stigma,

proceed down the style, and are ramified over the pla- _

centa.

That the emission takes place extra antheram, and ator —

about the grooves on which spaces alternate with the
anthers and communicate directly with the base of the
stigma.

. That to aid this emission, these spaces are always filled j

with viscid mucus at the time of impregnation.

plied to the foramina, which are situated close to the hi —

ree MES

ECHITES. 75

lum and which are invariably directed upwards, and
in contact with the placental tissue.
That no nucleus is visble until the tubes have effected
their ends, that a subcentral cavity appears some time
after the tubes have become applied to the foramen,
which cavity appears filled with granules of an ana-
logous appearnce with those of the boyaux.
That the agency of insects or of any foreign thing does
not appear to be necessary, since a mere falling from the
anther will be sufficient to lodge the pollinia in the de-
sired place.

7. That sphacelation about the grooves is very general,

but that it does not take place along the styles.

Addenda: That the discoid head of the stigma is very
readily separable from the base, that the passage of tubes to
the ovula does not appear to be essential, as in by far the
greater number of cases I have not been able to trace them
in the placenta, although a section of this demonstrates it to
Contain abundance of mobile granules, that these or ana-
logous granules appear to abound in the ovula after impreg-
Nation that they do not move while in the tubes, but are
very rotatory when freed from restraint.

Mergue : November 21st, 1834.

y

D

APOCYNEJE.

Ecuirss.
Echites,
ES Frutex scandens volubilis ramulis compressis ciliis inter-
E Petiolaribus, majusculis, fol lanceolatus acuminatis subtus
b albido-glaucis, et reticulatis cymis axillaribus alternis, foliis
Ut plurimum brevioribus, bis dichotomis, floribus albis, suave
tis; Sepala 5, ovata. Cor. hypocraterif. tubo medium
Paulo infra ampliato, parte ampliata lacinus, opposite sulcata,
- lacinis 5, subobovate, torte radiantes, basi ut etiam faux pu-

76 APOCYNEXE.

bescentes, inequilaterales, Stam. inclusa, tubi partis amplia-
tæ basi inserta. Filam sursum incrassata tubo omnino adnata.

Antherz sagittate in conum stigma circa conniventes
hincque adherentes, apices versus tantum polliniferze.

Connectivum pubescens, margine supero introrsu libero.
Pollen leve simplex.

Glandule 5 hypogyne lineares carnose, truncate, 2 anti-
cæ sæpe an semper supra coalite, sepalis alternantes. Stig-
ma conicum basin cum antherarum cono solubile! Ovula or-
dinis, sulco angustissimo.

Has. Ad ripas Burrumpootur, Selonemookh: April 5th,
1836.

Sp. char. Ciliæ plurimze varie coalite magne intra sepala
glandulasque an vero ciliis analogze, cur non glandulis. Stig-
ma medio constricta parte infere rotundatum supera conicum
5-gonum, apice bimucronatum, stigmatis partis conice basis
tantum stigmatosa, cellulis laxissime dispositis. Vasc. fasc.
styli 2, Pl. CCCCLVIII. Fig. 3.

2. Echites odoratissima.

Scandens, ramulis subcompressis, fol. oblongo-lanceolatis,
subacuminatis integerrimis glabris, coriaceis, nitidis, ciliis
intrapetiolaribus stipatis. Cymis paniculatis densiflorus pani-
culis terminal. Bracteis ciliatis, floribus parviusculis albus,
odore suavissimo. Pedicellis calycibusque extus breve pu-
bescent.

Cal. 5-sepala. Cor. hypocraterif. tubo basi subampliato,
laciniis 5 ovatis obliquis leviter contortis fauce nuda, angulis
5, laciniis alternantibus in tubum decurrentib. Stam. basi
corolla inserti, angulis opposit. filam brevissime, basibus san-
guineo-purpurea. Anth. sagittate apiculate stigmati adhe-
rent. et omnino obtegent. loculorum bases sterilis. Stylus
brevissimus, stigma oblongum bifidum antheris arcte am-

Ovar. 2, discreta l-locularia, placenta aedes
ovulis pluribus,

VALLARIS. 77

Glandule 5 hypogyne inzquales oblongee szpissime in-
tegræ, ovarium basin cingent.
Has. Mergue. In sylvis Beiklow: Jan. 1834.

VALLARIS.

Vallaris. Assameusis Gr.

Scandens volubilis ? fol. breviter petiolatis elongato-lanceo-
latis acuminatis subrepandis glabris. Racemis axillaribus
pubescentibus, compositis, subcymosis, floribus magnis sub
infundibuliformibus albis, tubo brevi, sepalis lineari-oblongis,
inequalibus, 2 exterioribus majoribus, gibberribus antherarum
globosis albis levibus, filamentorum sinnubus pubescente
pilosis, ut etiam introrsum.

Folliculi ovati, attenuati, lignosi, bivalves, valvis demum
solubilibus cymbiformibus. Placenta soluta, cum valvis
Separante, Semina pauca ad umbilicum carnosa coma facile
Separabili, intus plana, extus convexiuscula, apice angulata
pressione sublente celluloso-rugosa pallide brunnea, tegu-
mentum exterius cellulosum interius tenuiss. membranaceum,
albumen parcissimum.

Embryo axilis albis, cotyledones magne carnose planius-
cula, radicula supera, hilum versus brevissimam teres.

. Plumula inconspicua.
. Han. Assam, in sylvis Bishenath: March 20th, 1836.

Glandule hypogyne connate in urceola, 5-crenatum, cre-
nulis cum sepalis alternant. vix Echites dichotoma, Roxburghii
obformum sepalorum,

2. Vallaris dichotoma.

z: Frutex, ramis teretibus cinereis ad nodis articulat. Ciliis
inter petiolaribus nullis : foliis breviter petiolatis oblongo-lan-
“eolatis acuminatis repandis. Racemis terminalibus axillari-
4 5que. Pedicellisque velutinis. Bracteis lanceolatis foliaceis,
foribus majusculis, albis, odoratis. :

~ Sepalis 5 ovatis foliaceis, velutinis, patentibus. Cor. infund.
'—0-campanulata, tubo ratione limbo brevissimo, 5-partita

78 APOCYNE.

laciniis rotundatis zstivatione contortis. Stam. 5 fauce in-
serti omninoque obcludentia exserta, filam. brevia intus pi-
losis apicibus in processum album orbiculatum gibberemve
ampliatis. Connect. pubescens discreta. Anth. sagittate,
loculis superne tantum polliniferis stigmato arcte coheren-
tibus. Stylus filiformi-piloso pubescens, Stigma conicum vi-
ride. Cupula glandulosa profunde margine breviter 5-loba
pubescensque ovar. omnino ambit. obtegitque. Ovaria apice
pubescens. Pollen leve and angulare.

The affinities of this plant is on the limits of Apocynee
and burdering on Asclepiadez, to which at first sight it is
referable from the appearance of the male organs, judging
from this genus, I take the processes of the corona stami-
nea of Asclepiadez to be processes of the filament. They
are hence essentially pentandrous.

STROPHANTHUS.

Alogi pentaphyllus Gr.

Frutex robustus scandens, ramulis bace oder É
cortice tenacei, succo sublactacent coagulabili.

Folia 2-2} breve petiolata long. 34 lat. petiolus 24 3,
linealis subelliptica breviter et subobtuse cuspidata basi subi-
to attenuata, juniora przesertim conduplicata, maturiora pauce
undulata venis secondariis distinctis et distincti arcuatim
nexis utrinque sed przesertim subtus, pagine inferioris inter-
venia dendroideo-reticulata, venulis anastomosantibus mi-
nime prominulis.

Cilia ad basin petioli in utroque latere subulata stipulas
rudimentarias omnino mentiente,

Inflorescentia terminatis e cymis dichotomis 2, floris con-
flata aperta foliorum circiter longitudine, ramis articulatis-

Bractez lanecolato-ovate membranacez aspectu brunnescen- —
tes, | subtus ramulum quemque, 2 minores opposite ad medi- —
um pedicellorum eztimorum (i. e. cymorum partiatum quorum -
en alter semper? abortiens). Pedicelli 3-4 lineales sepala -

cordato-ovata acuminata, subcarinata. -

UTAG

IER

STROPHANTHUS, 79

Corolla ampla campanulaceo-infundibuliformis ; tubus sulcis
tot quot sepala et his oppositis 8-9 linealis medium supra
subito ampliatus albus, maculis striatutisve purpurceis lacinize
e basi cordato- ovata acuminatissimis, caudis nempe 5-6 uncia-
libus canaliculatis tortis, color laciniarum saturate brunneo-
sanguineus. Squame albe, late ad medium bipartite lami-
nas laciniarum subzequantes in tubum decurrentes usque ad
partem constrictam, tubo intus albo-lineis purpureis 5 squamis
alternantibus,

tam. ad tubi constrictiorem exsert. squamis opposita :
filamenta libera breviter 4 linealia, puberula, gibbere obclavato
Puberulo e medio partis adnato vel carina obtusa deorsum
majore. à
3 Anthere obtuse vel auriculatem sagittate, medio-stig-
mati adherentes. Caudze 4-5 longiores conniventes, antheris
3-4 longior. loculorum media superiora tantum pollinifera.

Stylus clavatas bisulcatus rugosus stamina subzquans basi
purpureis. Stigma demidium inferius viscosum annuliforme
Superioris apiculiforme ad basin bipartitum.

Ovarium album subrotundum apicem versus utrinque pro-
funde subsulcatum, fere bilobum, biloculare glandule dentate,
Ciliiformes inter corollam et ovarium.

Placentz revolute, pagina exteriore undique ovulis obsita.

. Folliculi maximi divaricatissimi, immatur. succus aquosus
Subviscosus copiosus demum sublactescens cito coagulans ;
Semina utrinque sed presertim apice cornosa.

Sp. Char, Strophanthus, scandens, foliis ellipticis breve
Cuspidatis carnosis, floribus amplis, caudis longissimis, corona
* Squamis 5, ad medium bipartitis, corolla infundibuliformi,
folliculis maximis, divaricatissimis, obtusissimis.

E Ham. Belookor J ungle, Malacca, flowers throughout the
| The points of the flower buds are not much exserted be-
fore the calyx has reached nearly its mature size, they are at

— rst whitish 3 but become soon blackish purple, they are

A RR ny mem

80 APOCYNEA.

twisted from right to left; after anthesis they become more
red.

The glands round the ovarium represent the interpetiolar
glands; if they have any disposition it is in di or sets
between each sepal, but even this is not over apparent

The tail of the filament has a central vascular Dau the
continuation of that of the filament itself.

The scales are also vascular, and apparently derive the
fascicles from the parts of the corolia to which they adhere.
The exterior fascicles are the largest, and the others gradual-
ly diminish towards the centre which is very short.

This can scarcely be Loureiro’s plant, as the corona is
different, indeed it appears to differ from all in 5 leaved
corona,

SPIROSTEMON.

Spirostemon spiralis Gr. Pl. CCCCXI. Fe: l.

1. Flower before expansion.

2. Do. opened.

3. Stamen separated inner view.

4. Hypogynous glands ovarium etc.

5. Seed natural size.

6. Do. long section.

7. Stamens, corolla circumcised just above their attach-
ment. ij

8, 9. Outer and lateral view of anthers and upper part of —
filament. "d

10, 11. Outer and lateral of the connectivum —an Parsonsia.

CRYPTOLEPIS.

Cryptolepis Buchananii.

Frutex scandens, glaber: fol. breviter petiolata oblong
breviter acuminata supra lucida subtus glaucescentio, vena —

w

CRYPTOLEPIS, 81

primaria purpurascente. Glandule basilares 0. Cilie intra
petiolares breves. Cymis axillaribus dichotomis, folia exceden-
tibus, alternis, nec oppositis, paucifloris. Floribus majuscu-
lis, ochroleucis.

Cal. 5-sepalis, sepalis ovatis, basi incrassatis post lapsum
corollz conniventibus, Cor. tubo calyce duplo longiore basin
versus subampliato, limbo profunde 5-partito in lacinias 5
lineares revolutas, subcontortasque zstivatio contorta,

Corpora 5 glandulosa, antheriformia, fundem tubi versus
inserta, antheris super imposita laciniisque alternantia in
basibus tubo adnatis. Filam. totidem, laciniis alternantia,
brevissime basibus corporum inserta. |

Anth. subsagittatze biloculares longitud. dehiscent. loculis
omnino anther polliniferis.

Connectivum subulatum, subglandulosum pallide virides-
cens, loculi pariet. exteriori demissius product.

~ Pollen globosum vix farinaceum, in lobulis vel massis nec
digestum. Granule composite e 3 vel4 adnatis, mem-
brana simplex, granulas minutas continens (raphidibus im-
mixtis ?)

Ovaria ordinis, Styli 2 breves. Stigma angulis 5 promi-
nentibus, apice conicum corpuscula dilatata spathulata, pol-
len colligeis, secus angulos stigmatis applicita spathulate
clavate, dimidium superius pollinifera, inferne glandula ex-
sulca albida mucosa, affixa.

Genus secus Brown Asclepiadeas Apocyneasque intermedi-
um. Cryptostegie ob structura et adhesione pollinis affinis.

Pollen, pollen-mass, and caudicula. Pl. CCCCX. A. Fig. 4.

ight Contr. to India Botany. p. 64. et Arnott. sed
Streptocaulon, Cryptolepis Buchananii ad Apocyneas re-
t, ut etiam Bartling, p. 204.
| Calcutta: June Lih, 1835.

82 APOCYNES.

WRIGHTIA.
Wrightie sp., Pl. CCCLXXXVI.

Arbuscula vel frutex.

Ramulis compressis pubescenti-velutinis viridi-fuscescent,
fere ferrugineis.

Fol. saturate viridia, tactu mollia subtus presertim pubes-
centia pallida, venis secondariis arcuatim nexis, vel intromar-
ginali inconspicua.

Cymis terminalibus plurifloris, alabastra tubo lutescente,
cæterum viridib.

Flores majusculi ingrati odorati, tubo luteo, lamina intus
viridi lutescent. laciniis reflexis, squamis 10, 5 exter sepalis;
oppositis, minor internis pet. opposit. majoribus, utrinque pro-
cessum setaceo capitato stipat. aurea.

Antherz conniventes in conum stig. obtegens toto, albi-
do fusce, apice tantum polliniferze.

AEstivatio contorta, vernatio applicit.

Succas lacteas.

Has. Malacca Tagoung, in sylvis.

STRYCHNOS,

Strychnos nuxvomica, Pl. CCCCXI. Fig. II.

Flowers all bibracteolate, hence the cymes ought to be
much more compound than they are: it differs a. good deal
from the usual form of Apocynez, especially in its valvate
corolla, and its stigma.

ndia contains several species: five of which I know.

Ovula as in Asclepiadez, but the groove is indistinct, the
penetration of the boyaux into these, I have seen very dis-
tinctly. Sphacelation only takes place at the apex of the style
and stigmatic canal. The tubes are of considerable length,
irregular, generally empty, and much choked with coagula. —

actual continuation of these tubes from the pollen t0

sae eS oe EN Ee GRE

chus duy

STICHNOS. 83

the ovula is not easily shewn, but indirect proofs are very sa-
tisfactory : viz., the resemblance of the part attached to the
ovula to the upper part or that proceeding from the grain:
2nd the non existence of any tubes in the stigmatic canal
before the application of the pollen to the stigmatic surface.

The stigma in one instance was 3-lobed, and as the lobes
were equal, I consider this indicating a tendency towards the
formation of other carpellary leaves. Had they been un-
equal they might have otherwise been accounted for.

l. Alabast.

2. Ditto just expanding.

3. Flower.

4. Corolla laid open.

5. Anther back view.

6. Anther after dehiscence.

7. Pollen 41; (iterum exam).

8. Pistillum and calyx.

9. Pistillum, calyx removed.

10. Stigma (accidental) almost always bilobed.

ll. Ovary transverse section.

12, Ovalum, with boyau attached.

13. Pollen with its boyau broken.

14. Pistillum laid open shewing the mode of fecundation.

Bamo : April 29th, 1837.

2, Strychnos laurina.

Scandens, foliis oppositis breviter petiolatis, oblongo-lan-
ceolatis integris obtusis, 3 nerviis, vere 5, (2 lateral indis-
tinetis) paniculis forum axillarib. terminalibusque, thyrsoi-
deis dichotomis. :

Cal. 4-5 partit. Cor. tubo globoso breve, limbo 4-5 partito
laciniis reflexis, barbatis, faux barbata, Stam. tot quot pet.
lis altern, fauci inserta. Anth. erecta biloculi longit. de-
hiscentes, Stylus subulatus pilosus longitud. corollam pau-

m superant. Stigma capit. Ovarium pilosum, superum

84 ASCLEPIADE.

bilocul. pluri-ovulat. placentis incrassatis foramen hilum
prope. Stipula interpetiolares, caducze linear. !
Vel Rubiacea ovario supero vel Apocynea stipulis interpe-
tiolaribus. Rubiacearum sed ovarium superum.
Has. Mergue. Ad ripas Kyouktag : Aug. 1834.

EuTHoDoN. An novum Genus.

Gen, char.

Cor. subinfundibulif. laciniis 5-ovatis, equilateralibus erec-
tis, faux esquamata. Stamina fauci inserta, sub exserta. Anth.
sagittate. stigma amplectentes. Cupula hypogyna 5-fida ova-
rium eingens. Stylus fusiformis. Stigma falciforme. Ov. bi-
locul.

ZEstivat. corollae valvata. Frutex scandens foliis cordato-
ovatis, ciliis interpetiolaribus O. floribus paniculatis succus
quosus.

Euthodon paniculata Gr., Pl. CCCCLVIII. Fig. 2.

Frutex scandens, ramulis, petiolisque velutinis: fol. oppo-
sitis petiolatis cordato-ovatis, subacuminatis, obtusis, glabris
subtus pallidis. Inflorescentia paniculata paniculis termina-
libus ramosis, ramis divaricatis, trichotomis, velutinis, florib.
numerosis pallide, tubis saturatius carneis. Cal. parvus, 5-den-
tatus, dentibus basi carnosis. Cor. gamopetalis tubo calyce
multo longiore, 5-sulcato, sulcis dentibus calycinis oppositis,
fauce glandulis 5 in sinus petalornm, limbo 5-fido, laciniis
ovatis conniventib. Stam. 5-petalis alternantia, fauci libera
facta. Filam. subulata rubescentia, intus pilosa. Anth.
sagittate, apicibus inter se et cum stigmata cohzrentia poro
terminali dehiscentes.

' Ovarium 2-locularia, pluri-ovulatum, placenta axili parie- E
tali. Cupula 5-fida, eglandulis 5 persistentibus, antheris sub- —
conformib. dentibus calycinis alternantibus format. Stylus -

mL NE

WILLUGHBEIA. 85

fusiformis crassus. Stigma mitreforme inlegrum. — /Estivat.
coroll valvat. succus aquosus nec lactescens. Ciliæ interpe-
tiolares. Bractez ad basin pedicellor. ramulorumque.

Has. In sylvis, Mergui: August, 1834.

WILLUGHBEIA.

Willughbeia javanica.

Frutex robustus scandens ope ramis unciformibus inter-
dum subvolubilibus aphyilis, caule ramisque purpureo-ni-
grescentibus, novellis brunneo-purpurascent. lenticellis palli-
dis stomzeformibus sparsis, Succus lacteus copiosus.

Folia subopposita, breve petiolata, lanceolata, ut plurimum
anguste, longit. 31-4 uncialia, latit. 10-12 linealia, coria-
cea, obtuse cuspidata, supra late viridia subtus glauco-albi-
descentia; venis utrinque sed presertim infra pinnefor-
mibus leviter arcuatis, margines versus sepius dichotomis
cum contiguis concorrentibus ; interveniis supra convexius-
culis. ;

Cyma sub if petiolorum paullo vel vix excedentes,
in una vel axillis ambabus, ramis abbreviatis inferioribus bi-
tri-floris, superioribus unifloris, puberulæ.

Pedicelli sublinealis, laterales basi bracteati. Calyx minu-
tus 5-sepalus, sepalis oblongis.

Corolla subhypocrateriformis, tubus intus piloso-pubes-
tens preesertim faucem versus, calycem prope inflatus, iterum
angustatus J tortus, 5-linealis, lamina e laciniis 5-linearia
Spathulatis obtusis, tubus subeequantibus, ob tubi torsionem
quasi obliquis. :

Faux angusta pilis fere clausa. Flores majusculi, subin-
State odori, tubo carneo fuscescente, lamina alba. :

: Stamina ad medium tubo partis inflata, flamenta brevis-
‘ima connectivum lutescens subobconicum. et. horizontaliter
affixum filamento, vel filamentum cum connectivo genicula-
*'um. Anthera bilocularis acuminata, calcaris rudimentum

86 APOCYNEÆ.

basin locula utriusque, loculi omnino fertiles. Pili pauci
ad basin filamentorum, glandule hypogyne nulle, ova-
rium brevi cylindricum ad stylum ita constrictum ut fere
truncatum est.

Stylus brevissimus, Stigma ovario paullo longior, dimidium
inferius subovatum, superius cuspiforme, bilineatum longi-
tudinaliter, emarginatum Ov. uniloculare, placentis 2 parie-
talibus ovula pauciuscula.

ructus maximus, pyriformis, 7-8 uncialis long. latit. sub
5-uncialis glaber, succo lacteo per scatens, demum baccatus.
Semina nidulantia in tela cellulosa carnosa alba, tegumentum
simplex, brunnescens, locellis fructus adhzrens. Embryo
ideo tegumento proprio orbatus, magnus, ruber. Cotyle-
dones basi bi-auriculate carnosissimze, sæpius oblonge.
Radicula brevis, vaga, auriculis cotyledonum obtecta.

Has. Malacca. It isthe Akkur Jitong of the Malays. An
Wilughbeia Javanica Bl. D. C. Pr. 8, p. 321.

Judging from the characters it differs from all in the sub-
basilar inflation of the corolla, and size and shape of the

In the specimens both branches and ramuli are cirrhose or
rather the cirrhiferous (unciferous) branches bear nothing
else. The hooks are generally emarginate at the ends: re-
presenting the young bud state.

The older leaves are dark-green above, very coriaceous,
the interveins underneath obsoletely reticulate.

GENTIANACEJE.

l. Gentiane sp. Gr, Pl. CCCLXXXIV. Fig. I. It.
Notes p. 122, No. 383.

2. Gentiane sp. Gr., Pl. CCCLXXXIV. A.
Has. Bootan,

87
MiTRASACME.

- Mitrasacme crystallina, Gr., P. CCCLXXXIII. Fig. II.

Cal. tubo brevi angulato, paulo ultra medium 4-partitus,
laciniis lanceolatis acutis subzequalibus. Cor. tubo sepalis 4
breviore angulato? limbo, 4-partita, laciniis ovatibus obtusis
sepalis alternantibus zestivatione imbricatis,

Stam. 4 subzequalia laciniis corollinis alterna, inclusa. Fi-
lam. cellulosa fasciculo centrali vasorum pertenui. Antherze,
Ovatz basi subsagittatze postice. Pollen lzve.

Ovarium biloculare, placentis 2 carnosis medio septis affixis
ovula 00. gerentibus. Stylus basi bifidus, apice continuis
sed solubilis. Stigma subbilobum capitato-papillosum.

apsula membranacea calyce incluso, apice exserto, tan-
tum. Stylo stigmateque persistente coronatum, inter fissuras
Stylo bases dehiscens, bilocularis, polysperma. Placente e
Septis solubiles! decidua semena 00. (immatura) oblonga
Vel rotunda, testa carnoso-cellulosa, corpore nuncleo opaco
continens, ma/uriora pallide cinerea, testa areolata, albumi-
nosa. Embryo minimus.

Herba pussilla, erecta ramosa, omnibus partibus crystal-
lino-cellulosa. Fol. basi connata lineari-lanceolata acuta.
Fedunculi graciles solitari vel gemine in axillis foliorum
(non Opposito). Flores inconspicui albi. Anthere lutez.

AB. Bengala Paulo infra Jumalpore: in arenosis. Sep-
tember 15th, 1835.

The ovula resemble much in form those of Asclepiadeze
and (all?) Apocyneze, that is, they present, when half develop-
ed, no traces of distinct coats. They appear to be destitute of

groove first described by Dr. Brown, as existing in As-
clepiadez and most perhaps in all Apocynez, The part corres-
Ponding with this groove is somewhat papillose and to its apex,
Ne pollen, tube becomes applied. These tubes appear rather
empty, I could not trace them down the style. In two
Cases I observed them applied to the ovula, and in one or
more passing over the placenta: I caa state nothing as to

83 GENTIANACE.

whether they penetrate the substance of the ovulum or not;
but the adhesion is sufüciently firm. "The first change that
takes place in the ovula after their application, consists of
the outer or peripheriate tissue becoming more distinct and
cellular; and in the production of a linear sub-irregular opa-
que line in the centre of the ovulum and in the direction of
its longest diameter, On submitting ovula in this state to
pressure, the only means by which, owing to their extreme
minuteness and softness, they can be analysed, they appear
like vesicles filled with gelatinous fluid.

VILLARSIA.

Villarsia cristata. Meryanthes cristata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2,
p. 28.
Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis lineari-lanceolatis. Cor, subrotata,
5-partita, laciniis oblongis, margine crispato-undulatis medio
crista elevato eádem consistentià crispato undulata laciniis basi
barbatis stipata. Stam. 5, sinubus corollinis inserta, semi-
exserta, Filam. brevia: Anth. erectae biloculares, introrse.
| Stam. sterilia 5, basibus laciniarum coroll: inserta, breve sti-
pitata, apice penicillata, luteo-aurea.
Glandule hypogyne 5, staminibus alternantia carnoss,

aurantiacez, barbato-ciliate. Stylus 0. Stigma bilobum, lobis.

anticis et posticis ? cordato-ovatis. Ovarium ovatum 1-loculare,
pluri-ovulat. Ovulis placentis 2 parietalibus (right and left)?

affixis, foramen hilum prope anatropis. Capsula membranacea.

Semena (immatura) orbicularia compressa echinulata.

Herba nutans in aquis stagnant. basi humi affixa vel. nec.
Fol. cordata, integra. Flores terminales aggregati solitarii
in pedicellis : majusculi albi, tubo intus luteo. Pedicellis post
antheram immersa ob deflexionem.

Pl. CCCLXXXVIL.A. Fig. XII.

. 8, a, a, a. Sepala.
b, b, b, b. Petala.

UNO E RESA EARE

VILLARIS. 89

Ge; 6, 6, €, c. Stamina.

d, d, d, d, d. ditto sterilia epipetala.

€, €, e, e, e. Gland hypogyne.

J; f. Stigmata 2-lobi.

9, g. Placente.

The above is taking the 5th sepal as posticous of which I
&m not certain.

Has. Bengal prope, Jumalpore : 18th September, 1835.

Villarsia glandulosa, Pl. CCCLXXXV.

Cal. zstivatione imbricatus.

Cor. gamopetala, tubo brevi, rotata, laciniis vasculorum
fasciculis 3-donatis, sinubus evasculosis.

Stam. 3-seriata, 5 extima tantum fertilia tubo apicem ver-
sus inserta, filam. filiforme per totam fere longitudinem co-
roll, adnata evasculosa! serie interna petalis opposita. An-
theram loco pili cellulosi breves directione varii, serie intima
eglandulis 5, petalis, oppositis hypogynis, apice ciliatis,

Auth. biloculares basin versus affixes, longitud. dehiscent.

Pollen.? ;

Ovarium l-loculare. Stylus brevis erassus, apice bilobus,
lobis cordatis, Stigmata leviter papillosa marginem: loborum
Occupantia.

Placentz 2 parietales, cum margine loborum styli continui

t oppositi. Ovula plura bi-triseriata antitropa, (foramen
hilum prope), tezumentes cum nucleo concretis.

Ons. The only objection existing against Parnassia be-
longing to this group, exists in its polypetalous corolla, and
albuminous seed. In the latter not much stress is to be laid,
as the albumen is scanty. |
| To the former in my opinion little value is to be attached,
.. 38there is an evident tendency in Villarsia to become poly-

. Petalous, as indicated by the short tube, and the evascularity
LX the sinuses, more stress should not be laid on its being a
3 |] M

/

*

90 GENTIANACEJE

polypetalous form in a monopetalous order, than its being a
non-adherent form in a usually adherent order.

The fact of the opposition of the lobes of the stigma in
Parnassia, although of less value, still is deserving of more
consideration. It depends entirely on the assumption of
the stigma being the denuded apex of the midrib. I say an
assumption, because the idea seems to me totall wanting
in some instances.

Long ago the observation of a monstrous variety of
Melilotus rendered it evident to me, that the stigmata form
in no case a single organ, if carpellary leaves are continua-
tions of the placentary margins.* The proof derived from a
monstrosity is however unnecessary, for instances are not
wanting, in which there are two stigmata obviously continuous
with or opposite to the placental margins, some species of
Phyllanthus, Nymphzea, and all filiform stigmata longitudinal-
ly sulcate, shew this fact to demonstration.

It follows therefore that all stigmata, atleast the dis-
tinct portions, are opposed to the placente. The question
then arises, from what cause does their opposition as a
whole originate. This is easily answered, parts of a vege-
table may cohere either with contiguous parts of the same

organ, or with contiguous portions of two different though

similar organs. Let us take Parnassia for instance, we have
A stigmata, and 4 placente, hence the number of stigmata
is 8. If the union of these take place in sucha manner,
that the two stigmata of one carpellary leaf cohere mutually,
then the stigma will probably appear to be a termination of
the midrib. But if two stigmata of two contiguous car-

pellary leaves combine, we shall obviously have one opposed
to the placenta. And that such is the case there can be no

doubt ; the fact of the almost universal communication be-
tween the stigma and placenta cannot be explained by the

f en ee ; neither need we have recourse to the destruction

* Notule, Part I., p. 128,

SAP SEES

VILLARIS, 91

of a portion of cellular tissue, nor the formation of a fresh
tissue. As the placental tissue is the most lax part of the
carpellum so are the stigmata.

No objection can be raised to the idea of union given
above, it is not of uncommon occurrence in most parts of the
flower, it is of very common occurrence in fruit, and latterly
I have shewn it to exist in anthers ; Mr. Lindley alludes to
this union as giving one explanation of the structure of Cru-
ciferze, and it is the most probable one. I may here observe
that in perhaps all cases very great assistance is obtainable
in anomalous instances of union, particularly between stami-
na or styles by taking into consideration the number of vas-
cular fascicles. Thus the composition of the stamina of
Eriodendron anfractus is at once pointed out by the number
of vascular fascicles. It is of still more universal application
to styles, the number of fascicles either corresponding direct-
lyto the number of carpella, they being in this single,
or if there be more than one to each carpella, they
are grouped according to their respective carpella, I am
not aware of a single instance tending to diminish the
value of this test. Itis of difficult application in some in-
stances, but the days are past for the minuteness of a flower

ing an excuse for not accurately ascertaining its structure.

I a floating Parnassia be ever found, it will probably be
found to have evalvular capsules, because this is the case
with Villarsia.

- I therefore propose the order of Villarsiacez, which will

: include Menyanthes, Villarsia, and Parnassia.

Cal. 5-sepalus sstivatione imbricatus, persistens. Cor.
ala, in Parnassia polypetala. Æstivatio imbricata, la-

- Ciniis cristatis vel barbatis, raro nudis.

Stam. fertilia 5, sepalis opposita, in polypetalis hypogyna-
Stam. sterilia 5, vel 10, serie intime hypogyna, sxtepote

petalis Opposita.

Ovarium liberum, l-loculare. Placente parietal, 2-3-4.
Orula plura,

*

92 GENTIANACE/E

Capsula (in aquaticis evalvis) bi-quadrivalvis loculicida, po-
lysperma.

Herba aquatice vel paludosze.

Folia simplicia, cordata in Menyanthes trifoliata.

Inflorescentia terminalis, floribus aggregatis vel paniculatis,
flavis vel albis.

Pladera virgata?

Caulis 4-gonus, 4-alatus.

Herbacea dichotoma erecta ramosa, glaucescens,

Folia opposita sessilia 3-nervia cordato-ovata, acuta, in-
tegerrima, inferiore lanceolata, 5-nervia acuta, repanda.

Pedunculi terminalis axillaresque plerumque biflori.

Pedicelli ad medium bibracteolati. Cal. tubus striatus,
limbus 4-dentatus, dentibus subulatis.

Cor. tubus 'calyce paululum longiore, limbus 3-lobus,
lobo postico vel superiore majore bilobo e duobus connatis
formato, reliquis ovatis zequalibus. Stam. 4 ad faucem inserta.
Filam filiforme, 1 longius exsertum in plicam lacinie corolla
superioris latens, 9 breviora vix exserta, petalis alternantia.
Anth. filam. longioris, major, aurantiacea, fertilis, 3 relique
pallidz sterilis ? minoresqus. Ovarium cylindricum, l.locu- —
lare, placentis 2 linearibus parietalibus. Ovula 00. Stylus fili-
formis, Stigma 2 fid. intus papillosum.

Variat. maxime quoad statura.
es In muris etc. Amherst et Molamain : December,

TARDA.
Crawfurdia fasciculata.

Caule scandento volubil. fol. ovata vel lanceolata basi 3-
nervia, floribus axillaribus breviter pedunculatis, vel axin
continuis, subracemosis, oppositis, magnis, infundibuliformis —
cxruleis, parte tubo æstivatione externa livida. Calyx 5-
alatus carinatusve, laciniis subulatis, Cor. zstivat. conatri- -

EXACUM. 93

plicata infundibulif. 5-partita, laciniis breve latique cuspi-
datis crectis. Stam. 5, inequalia, his alternantia, inclusa.
Styuls filiformis, stigmata 2 inclusa, cornuum more revoluta,
Cupula hypogyna 5-loba, lobis cum staminibus alternantibus,
ovarium l-loculare: placentis 4-parietalibus utrinque, lineze
septo situm indicantis ; ovula marginata, breve funiculata,
vel 3-alata, alis 2-parietibus proximis brevioribus.
| Variat foliis latioribus purpureo tinctis.
Has. Khasyah Mountains. In dumetis humidis, no. 40
Churra: October 12th, 1835.
Exacum.
= Ezacum sp.
Herbacea annua erecta spithamzea 3 pedalisve, Caule 4-
; fol. oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis basin connatis quin,
tuplinerviis. Paniculis axillaribus, cymosis, floriferis foliorum
longitudine, pedunculis medio bibracteata, floribus erectis con-

Spicuis saturato-virideque azureis. Sepalis 4 dorso carinatis.
Corollis subrotatis 4-partitis, laciniis ovatis acuminatis stami-
nibus fauci insertis; filamentis autheris subsagittatis, semper
rectis apice poro geminato dehiscentibus aliquoties brevioribus.
Stylo filiform, staminibus duplo longiore,subdeclinato stigmata
oblongo viride, Ovarium biloculare, placentis 4, vel bi-solubili-

US, carnosis stipitatis, ovulis indefinitis. simplicibus.

Capsula chartacea ovato-rotunda. Calyce 4 corolle tubo
9mnino inclusa, limboque genitalibusque persistentibus coro-
nata bilocularis bivalvis, septicida placentis nempe septo post
dehiscentium parallelis. Semina 00. minuta pallide brunnea
angulata minutissime rugosula

Placenta virides carnose demum libere basi (utriusque

uli) integræ cæterum ut etiam in ovario bipartite _

; Tegumentum duplex utrinque membranacea externum, pal-
is e brunnea e cellulis sinuosis compositis, interius tenussi-
mum, albumen carnosum continens. Embryo minutus. Radi-
cula conica hinc hili latus versus spectans. Cotyledones mini-
= distantes, incumbenites ?

T TN

Has. Assam, Suddyah: in campis graminosis, 2nd Janu-
» 1836,

T

SOLANACE.E.

SOLANUM.

Solanum trilobatum, Pl. CCCCXIV. Fig. 2.

Longe scandens, ramis teretibus, aculeis ssepius solitariis
robustis sparsis retrorsum uncinatis. Petiolis limbum sub-
sequant. l, 2, 3 aculeatis, foliis carnosis senioribus deltoi-
deo-ovatis profundis 5-lobis, czterum integerrimis glaber-
rimis, vena primaria utrinque aculeos 2-3 gerente, secon-
dariis vel l-aculeatis vel inermibus parce stellata pube,
novellis exaxillis interdum oblongo-ovatis, integris, vel 3-lo-

is.

Racemis, (raro cymis) suboppositifoliis vel extra axillari-
bus, folium excedentibus vel subequans, ebracteatis, pluri-
floribus. Pedicellis uncialibus, semi-nutantibus, post anthe-
sin curvati-deflexis, clavatis fructuum valde clavatis, floribus
amplis, initio fusco-viridescentibus, demum pulchre pur-
pureis.

Alabastris oblongis viridibus, calycis parce pubegere sepa- —
la sublanceolata in alabastro dense pubegere. Corolla rotata,
cito reflexa dorso, pubescens, marginibus exceptis, venis re-
ticulata, quarum primaria basi utrinque viridescens. Filam.
breviuscula. Anth. lutea, apicem biporosa. Stylus fili-
formis subdeclinatus vel rectus ad apicem tantum supra
curvatus,

Pollen lanceolato-ovatum glabrum 3 sulcatum.

Stigma subcapitata, ovarium oblongum glabrum utrinque
sulcatum bilocular. septo tenue, zstivatio valvatim inflexa.
Ovula 00. foramine ad hili latus, tegminum distinctio nulla,
(certainly one integument, at an early stage,) nempe unido
citius nucleo omnino confluent.

Baccis immaturis globosis pisi magnitudine viridibus apice —
S, pedicellis armatis vel inermibus, stylo processus lapsos —

HYOSCYAMUS. 95

obsolete bilobis, septis obliteratis potius indistinct ob pulpam
in que semen nidulant.

Sem. reniform. vertical. ! albidum,

Has, Bengal, In Sunderbunds.

Lycium.

1. Lycium armatum, Gr. It. Notes p. 161. No. 827.
Has. Bootan.

2. Lycium canescens, Gr. 1t. Notes p. 214, No. 83.
Han. Affganisthan.

ENTIA G3

HYOSCYAMUS.

Hyoscyamus squarrosus, Gr., Pl. CCCCXIII. Itin. Notes
p. 244, No. 372.

l. Plant natural size, frequently much larger with much
more tomentum and all the leaves curved,

2. Bud.

3. Flower. l 7

4. Genitalia, tube of corolla hidden by the calyx.

5. Corolla laid open.

6. Anther (back)

7. Ditto Front.

8. Pollen 8a immersed.

9. Anther after dehiscence.

10. Pistillum.

1l. Apex of syle with stigma.
- Long section of ovarium

13. Transverse ditto.

E RA Ovulum, usual concrete structure.

E. 15. Partum situs.

E "a Fruit, |

x Sang half calyx removed. rom last year's specimens.

96 SCROPHULARINE.£

2. Hyoscyamus angulatus, Gr. Pl. CCCCXII. It. Notes
p. 325. No. 2a.
Has. Affganistan Chagur Serai.

SCLEROMPHALOS, Nov. genus.

Scleromphali sp., Pl. CCCCXIV. Fig. 1.
Has. Bootan Panukha : April 2d, 1838.

PHYSALIS.
Physalis angulata.

Caulibus hirsuta erecta ramosa, ad articulis tumidis,
juniorib. sulcatis, foliis petiolatis cordato-ovatis acutis, grosse
dentatis, floribus axillaribus solitariis cernuis, parvis, ochro-
leucis. à

Cal. tuto cylindrico 5-partito. Cor. infundibulif. tubo
calycis laciniis longitud. plicato limbo 5-dentato, den-
tibus subcucullatis sinubus inflexis, dentiformib. Stam. 5
ad basin tubi insert. inclusa. Filam. filif, anth. bilocule longit.
dehiscent.

Stylus apicem versus paulo incrass. Stigma capitata. Ova-
rium bilocule, loculis 00. ovulatis, placentis carnosis crassis.

Pericarp. calyce ampliat. inflata connivent. 5-angulata
inclusa breviter stipitat. baccatum pólyspermum. Sem. pulpa
nidulantia complanata albumen carnosum. Embryo curvatus
centralis radicula tereta elongata hilum spectant. Plumula
inconspicua, fructibus pendulis.

Has. In horto meo Mergue: Sept. 1834.

SCROPHULARINEX.
PTEROSTIGMA.
Pterostigma stricta Gr. Pl. CCCCXVII. “Fig. IIl.

Herba stricta pedalis, ramosa simplexve strigosa, odore aro-
matico fortis, fol. brevissime petiolata, ovata obtuse crenatài |
capituli florum axillares terminalesve basi foliosi, et quasi w
volucrati, dense pilosi, floribus caeruleo violaceis. ;

UNES.

LIMNOPHYLLA. 97

Cal. basi bibracteolatus, bracteolis linearibus 5-partitus,
lacinia postica majore, glandulis depressis luteis pilisque
longis strigosis articulatis insignitus.

Cor. bilabiata, labiis profunde fissis, superiore ascendente
rotundato emarginato, æstivatione extimo inferior 3-lobo,
lobis rotundatis basi pilosiusculis, inter medio zstivatione
intimo,

Stam. 4 didynama inclusa, filamenta basi pilosa. Con-
nectivo glandulosum gibbosum. Anth. paris superioris bre-
vioris biloculares, loculis transversis obliquis inzqualibus in-
fimo duplo minore, paris inferioris 1-loculares, loculo su-
premo, minimo rudimentaris glanduloso. Pollen album leve
hine sulcatum,

Glandula hypogyna crassa, postice incompleta ad basin
varii bilocularis. Placentæ substipilatæ subhæmisphæricæ.
Ovula 00, tegumentis indistinctis, foramen inconspicuo hilum
prope. Stylus inclusus curvatus spicem versus obliquis et
valde dilatatus in stigma transversum.

Capsula. ?

. Obformam antherarum et connectivum etiam stigmatis
certe Limnophile sp. 1, 2, propinquum.

LIMNOPHYLLA.

l. Limnophylla hetrophylla, Pl. CCCCXVI. Fig. 2. vix.

Columnea hetrophylla Roxb. Fl. Ind.

Erecta, glandulosa, fol. pluribus? verticillatis subseniis
Cuneatis pinnatifidis, sessilibus, floribus oppositis subses-
silibus potius breviter pedicellatis violaceis, nudis. Caly-
Cibus Subangulatis, glandulosis. Corolla bilabiata ringente,

CENE s, Eeduneulis fructiferis paulla elongatis deflexis. Capsulis

calyce subinclusis bivalvibus bilocularis, septis
N

98 SCROPHULARINES.

liberis ex marginibus valvularum inflexis solutis. Placenta
centrali libera. Semina 00 minuta nitidissim. atra oblonga
parum angulata, obsoleti punctulata, potius levissima rugulosa,

Situation of parts, see Pl. CCCCLVIII. Fig. II.

a. Light blue.

6. Brown.

c. Light green,

d. Light green with the under side rather paler.

e, f, g. Purplish,

h. Tingy green.

Has. Bengal. In limosis, secus ripas fluminis Booree
Barak.

2. Limnophylla Cana.

Cal. ad medium subbilabiatim 5-partitus. 5-angulatus sub-
æqualis nudis. Cor. infundibuliformis subbilabiata, tubo
compressiusculo, labio superiore emarginato. Stam. 4 didy-
nam. Anthere didymz demum transverse. Stylus apice ob-
liquis 3-gonus. Stigma transversa transversque sulcata,
Capsula bilocularis bivalvis, valvis bipartitis. Placente cen-
trali liber adnato.

Herba natans, vel semi-immersa, contuse graveolens: fol.
3 verticillata, immerse pinnatifida, emerse lanceolata sessilia,
serrata 5-nervia, flores sessiles solitariisque in axillis folior.
ebracteati, dilutissime czerulei, tubo antice brunneo striato
Semina suboblongo-ovata, levia.

Has. Bengal prope Jumalpore in aquis stagnantib : di
ber 22nd, 1835.

Ogs. Hujus generis est Limnophylla? cum bracteole
2 minutissima dentiformes, sepalis 2 laterales, vix alter-
nantes, antherz perparia cohzrentes, capsula (immature)
calyce tubo inclusa, bilocularis, eodem modo (tanquam aba-
natomia judicare licet) dehiscens.

Etiam Columnea het hylla Roxb. Li phyllz s Benth. |
vix. Limnophyllze Br. descsipat, bracteis ad maximum evolutis,
linearibus demum patentibus. Capsula apicem versus tan- :

Sra areal

MIMULUS. 99

tum dehiscens, basin 2-locularis bivalvis, valvis bipartitis,
dissepimentis exmarginibus valvularum inflexis, apices ver-
; sus tantum solubilibus. Placentz, apex conicus libera. Se-
| minibus angulatis, atris minutissime punctulatis, an ideo
generis diversa.

: 3. Limnophylle sp. Pl. CCCCXVI. Fig. 1.

Suffrutex prostrate szepius rosaceo-pateas. Caules virides-
centes, pube grisea, folia griseo-viridia.

ores campanulati, albi parvi 5-plicati.

Hab. Burma Circa Pagodas. Horbat. Kiown-wa.

4. Limnophylla sessiliflora Blume, Pl. CCCCXVIIL. Fig. V.

Has. Malacca.

^

STEMODIA.

Stemodie sp. Pl. CCCCXXI.

Ramulis compressiusculis, foliis griseo-viridibus, preser-

: tim subtus floribus luteis, labio superior pallido purpureo tinct.
1 lobis lab. inferioris inferne eodem more coloratis, palato
aureo,

Has. Burma in Pagodis ubique, variat magnopere statura.
May 8ih, 1837.
MtMULUS.
Mimulus assamicus. Gr.
P Planta annua pusilla subglabra ramosa caulibus basin de-
: cumbens radicantibus, 4 gonis, faciebus latioribus alternan-
1 tibus ; fo], oppositis, breviter petiolatis ovata in petiolum atte-
nuata, serrato-dentata, dentibus apicibus mammillosis ; flores
- axillares solitarii oppositi, pedicellis filiformibus demum folia
excedentibus nudis, superne planiusculis. Cal. prismaticus,
9-dentatus, 5-alatus, tubulosus. Cor. ringens, tubo calycem
excedent., lab, superiore 2-inferiore, 3-lobo, lobis sub-
#qualibus, crenulatis excepto medio lab. inferior. Criste 2
Parum prominulae apices versus pilis clavato-capitatis his-

100 SCROPHULARINEJE

pide, ad basin lobi medii lab. inferior desinentes. Color
luteus, tubo intus rubro-guttato.

tam. didynama inclusa, rad. 5-0. Filam. subulata sim-
plici, connectivum cordatum carnosum dorso convexum.
Anth. bilocul. loculis discretis didynamis, longitud. dehiscent.
zequalibus, extus celluloso-papillosis praesertim basibus.

ollen ovatum leve hinc sulcatum. Glandula hypogy-
na Q. basin album et anticum gibbum, Ovulum, biloculare,
multi ovulat. Stylus filiformis, fasc. vasc. 2 stigma bila-
mellata, lamellis reflexis. Foramen hilum prope.

Capsula calyce aucto inclusa, lanceolata compressiuscula,
stylo stigmatibusque brunneis terminal. bilocularis utrinque
antica posticeque fissa longitudinaliter valvis septiscidentis
placentisque persistentibus adnatis.

Placentz stipulate, subsemi lunate.

Semina plurima minuta pallide brunnea ovata nec pini

mpressa, imatura aspectu mucilaginoso, extus lucida,
celluloso-areolata. Raphe inconspicua nec clavata linearis,

Chalaza punctiforme brunneum. Tegumenta 2 cohzrentia
inter se et cum albumine, exterius brunnescens celluloso areo-
lat. interius membranaceum ! album.

Embryo minuta orthotropus in axi albuminis densi car-
. nosi. Cotyledones rotundate, faciebus venis seminis oppo“
site.

Han. In arenosis Burrumputur: March 30th, 1836.

Mimulus Lin. Spr. sed vix Brunonis obcorollam ringentem
nec personatam: Anne igitur Uvedalia sp. ab. utroque differ
capsularum dehiscentia.

Oss. For a section of the seed and situation and alter-
nation of the parts of the flower, see Pl. CCCCLVIII. Figs
8, 9,

ÁNISANTHERA.
Anisanthera.

` Herbacea pubescens, caule simplici stricto, foliis parie
latis, cordato-ovatis obtusis, serratis. Inflorescencia axillaris €t

MICROCARPA, 101

racemosa terminalis; floribus breviter pedicelatis, pallide
ceruleis.

Cal. basi bractiolis 2-linearibus, profunde et equaliter
5-partit.

Cor. bilabiata, tubo calyce paulum brevior, subinflato, fauce
constricto, lab. superior emarginato, infer 3-dento,

tam didynama, fauci inserta. Filam. filiform; anth.
paris brevioris supereorisque bilocular, loculis discretis par
longioris. inferiorisve l-loculares; connectivum glandulosum
Virid. Stylus clavat. Stigma breviter bilabiat.

Toris parum elevatus. Ovarium capsulaque calyce con-
nivente ampliato cinctum biloculare, 00-ovulat. Placentis
carnosis intra loculos productis.

AB. Mergue in humidis, Mergue, specium unicum vid.
Gen. distinctum. Occurrit etiam: Moaton. 210 Aug. 1834.

MiICROCARPJEA.
Microcarpea diandra, Pl. CCCCXVII. Fig. II.

Cal. campanulatus, 5-partitus, subequalis. Cor. campa-
nulata, tubo inflato, fauce subconstricta, limbus 5-fidus, e
Cinia antica quinta elongata. porrecta. Stam. 2, posticis
minoribus. Antherz leviter cohzrentes, l-loculares ovatz,
Ovarium 2-loculare. Placenta centralis. Stigma obliquum
indivisum apathulat. papillosum. IC EE

Herba minima muscosa. Fol. opposita sessilia lineari-
Spathulata obtusa carnosa. Flores minuti in axillis folior.
sessilis et solitaria. i

Calycis segmenta ciliata, 2 antica paulo minori, Cor-
bilabiata subcampanulata, lab. super minimo bifido, inferiore
3-lobo, lobis obtusis, plus minus ciliatis. ; Anth. NE

- Ovar. septa e marginibus valvarum introflexis. Wu-
. Pula cellulosa subdenticulata ovaria basin cingent. a
| engal at Jumaipore et alabi, in humides, Sept. ?

102 SCROPHULARINEZL
LIMOCELLA.

Limocella diandra Roxb. ?
Situation and alternation of parts Pl, CCCCLVIII. Fig. 12.
a. Sepala.
b, b. Lab. superius.
c, c, c. Do. inferius,
d, d. Stamina.
e. Cupula ovaria basi cingens.
f; Ovarium.
DoPATRIUM.
Dopatrium junceum, Pl. CCCCXVIII. Fig. VI.

Semina oblonga obsolete nunc angulato, lævissima lucida
fucescentia.

Testa alba tenuissima e cellulis minimis conflata, raphe
nulla, macula saturatione apicali notata.

Tegument, interius quam maxime tenuissimam, fuscum

e cellulis conflatum, (nucleare) apice celluloso, (nuclei apex-

nempe immulatus) crasso strophiolum formanti.

Albumen apice truncatum densum.

Radicula orthotropa alba; cotyledones minimz plano-con-
vexiuscule.

Suddiyah: Sept. 2d, 1835.

HERPESTES.
1. Herpestes.

Herbacea, pubescens, caulibus repentibus radicant. teretib. —

fol. oppositis petiolatis lanceolatis, subintegris, obtusis, flori-
bus spicatis terminalibus, tubo albo, limbo rubro purpureo,
'saturatius faucem versus.

Bractez 3 spathulate ad basin cujusque floris, quarum la- —

terati multo minores.

Cal. irregular, 5-partitis, sepalis lineari-subulatis, infimo :
Lim majori oppositi majore, 2 superior internet a

2 lateralia mini nima.

wv d iia

HERPESTES. 103

Cor. infundibulif. tubo calyce longiore, paulo infra medi-
um constricto, limbo 5-fido lacini: 2 superior paulo ma-
jorib.

Stam. 4, didynama filament. parte constricta tubo inserta,
filiformia, connectiveque pilosa. Anth. biloculi didymz,
longit. dehiscent, Rud. 5. |

Stylus stam paulo longior. Stigma bilab. lab. infer longi-
ore, Ovar biloculi placentis axilib. pluri-ovulatum ovulis
trausversis.

Has. Mergue. Mergue Herb. 183.
2, Herpestes.

Caulibus repentib. radicant. pilosis, foliis sesselib. lineari-
lanceolatis obtusis, serratis utrinque punctatis, subtus ad. ner-
Vos pilosis, floribus solitariis axillaribus, pedicellis brevibus,
ad basin florum bibracteatis.

i Cal. basi bibracteat 5-partit. Sepalis 2 superior paulo ma-
Jorib,

: Cor. subinfundib. tubo substricto calycis longitudinem,
limbo 4-lobo, lobo inferior major. emarginato. Stam 4,
didymz, Filam. simplicei medio tubo inserta. Anth. bi-
locul, loculis transversis, (faux pilosa). Stylus filiformis
Stigmaque bilabiat? inclusis. Ovarium cupula glandulosa in-
sidens biloculare, loculis 00 ovulatis, placentis carnosis in-
tus productis,

Cor. tubo basi lutescenti, apicem limboque purpureo.

Has. In aquosis, Kyouktay: 193. Augt. 1834.

Oss. Omnia Gratiole sed stam 4. The stamen deficient,
would be Opposite to the emargination of the lower lip: or
father lateral, the resupination not being complete.

3. Herpestes.

Herba pubescens, decumbens, caulibus ramosis basin versus
> Teliquus tectis, fol. lineari-lanceolatisis sessilia serratis
loso-punctatis, floribus solitariis in axillis folior. superior,

breviter pedecellatis conspicuis, tubo basin versus lutescent

104 x SCROPHULARINEÆ

carneo lineis rubris, limbo porpureus lineis rubris, lobo
emaginato lateralique basin versus alba, et intus pilosa.

Cal. bibracteolatus. Omnia Herpestis, Cor. infundibulif.
subbilata, lab. super 3-lobo, lobis zequalib. infer majore emar-
ginato.

Odor menthaceus fortis.

Has. In aquosis graminosis, Kulweny: 216 Augt. 1834.

4. Herpestes pulcherima.

Decumbens, radicansque, pubescens, fol. sessilib. lineari-
lanceolat. medium supra serrulatis subobtusis, fovuloso-punc-
tatis. Racemis terminalibus foliosis. Pedicellis solitariis axil-
larib. foliis brevioribus, calycibus bibracteolatis,bracteolis seta-
ceis. Corollis majusculis, tubo albido calycem fere duplo ex-
cedent, hinc postice ? brunneo striato, lobis 4 purpureo-ru-
usd lobo majore, emarginato, basin versus alba.

B. In aquosis. Mergue: no. 837. Decr. 1834. sp. pul-
=

5. Herpestes pygmea.

Minima 2-3 uncialis, fol. lanceolatis serratulis favuloso-
punctatis, floribus axillaribus solitariis subsessilibus caneus
vel pallide" purpurascent. basi 2 bracteolatis sepalis sub
aequalibus longitudeus tubo corollz.

Has. Mergue in arenosis graminosisque nuper inun-
datis contuso odoreum aromaticum effundit. No. 666.
Nov

6. Herpestes.

Caulibus prostratis, teretibus, foliis sessilibus spathulatis
obtusissimis, subintegris, punctatis; floribus axillaribus soli-
tariis magnis, pallide lilacinis, pedicellis, foliis duplo longi-
oribus. 4
Cal. basi bracteolis:2-linearib. 5-sepalis, sepalis valde 3

inzequalib., 2 exterior maximis ovatis, 2 interior minimis 1
. 9 intermedio lanceolato. P

CARDIOLOPHUS. 105

Cor. campanulata 5-partita, laciniis suberectis emarginatis.
Stam. 4 didynama. Anth. cinerez. Stylus filiformis, Stigma
capitata viridia. Sp. distinctissima.

Has. In limosis paludibasque circa Mergue: no. 284.
Sept, 1834.

CARDIOLOPHUS,

Cardiolophus decussata, Pl. CCCCXVII. Fig. 1.

Herba erecta, vel decumbens contusa sub aromatica gra-
veolens, ramosa, 6-uncialis, caules 4 goni, fol. linearia
denticulata decussata, flores axillares solitarii sessilis basi
bibracteolata, albo limbo purpurascente.

Cal. 5 sepalus, quam maxime inzqualis, sepalo postico
cordato; * 2 lateralibus minimis obtectis.”

Cor. tubulosa, infundibuliforme, limbo 5 fido subzquali.

Stam. 4 vix didynama inclusa, anthere didyme.

Ovarium 1-loculare placentis 2 crassis carnosis parietalibus
Stipitatis, stylus brevis stigma capitatum subilob.

apsula (immatura) membranacea, bivalvis (valvis 2-par-
litis?) subglobosa, valvis medo septiferis, placentis adnatis,
hemispheericis.

Semina 00. minuta oblonga angulata.

Oss. The largest sepal is invariably posticous, but there
does not appear to be any fixed site for the demidiate, lateral
one.

The situation of the placenta differs from that of most
(ail ?) Scrophularinee, but it is merely a difference of de-
Stee and evidently dependent upon the non junction of the
placenta along with the mesian line.

Has, Bengal near Jubbulpore, Sept. 1835.

*

o

106 SCROPHULARINEA.
BONNAYA.

Oss. Cal. subæqualia 5-partit. laciniis linearibus. Cor.
ringens, labio superiore emarginato, inferiore 3-lobo, intus
bi-cristato (cristis medium versus liberis). Stam. 2, Stigma
bilabiat. Glandula hypogyna concava inter corollam ova-
riumque, lab. inferiore opposita. Capsula cylindrica, vel
subulata, biloculare. Semina 00. reticulata linea longitudinali
l sulcata.

The two crests, from their situation, represent two abortive
stamina, as they are placed one on either side of the middle
lobe of the lower lip, (which is the situation of the lower pair
in all didynamous species of this order) the 5th generally
wanting, would alternate with the segments of the upper lip.

1. Bonnaye sp.

Caulibus simplicibus ramosisve quadrangularibus, foliis
oppositis elliptico linearibus, basibus subamplexicaulibus
acutis, acutissime serratis.

Floribus racemosis albis, lab. inferiore maculis rosaceis.

Cal. 5-partibus, sepalis subulatis 3 æqualib.

Cor, 3 bilabiata ringens, tubo deorsum curvato labio
super oblongo emarginato, inferior 3-lobo, lobo medio
cordato, intus bicristato, cristis medium versus liberis
factis, apicibus obtusis incurvatis, (rudim. stam ?)

Stam 2 intra sinus labiorum inserta inclusa, filam. brevia,
Anth. bilocul loculo superior transverso, infero perpen-
dicularia.

Stylus inclusus, filifor, Stigma bilabiat. Glandula hypo-
gyna concava, subdentata, sepalo inferiore opposita, intra
corollam ovariumque sita.

Ovarium bilocul. loculis pluri-ovulat. Pericarp. filiforme
seorsum curvat. bilocular polysperma. Semina ascendent.

Has. Mergue. In nearly cleared ground, Ins. Madama-
copiosa, No. 44. Aug. 1834.

BONNAYA. 107

2. Bonnaya bracteata, Pl. CCCCXVIII. Fig. III.

1. Seed opaque dry.

2. Immersed (transparent.)

3. Do. Long section.

4. Portion of testa from an unripe seed.
Suddyah: Aug. 1836.

3. Bonnaya cyanea. Gr.

Caulibus prostratis, sub 4-gonis, in limo radicantibus,
foliis linearibus, vel lineari-spathulatis sessilibus, pauci den-
tatis, obtusis, floribus racemosis majusculis, cyaneis, racemis
multifloris terminalibus.

Cal. 5-partibus sepalis æqualib. obtusis.

Cor. ringens, tubo calyce duplo longiore cylindrico, lab. su-
perior subfornieato emarginato, inf. 3-lobo, lobis lateralibus
reflexis, medio cordato majore, patente basi processus cur-
vatis 2 luteis gerente. 7

Stam. 2 inclusa. Anth. didymæ, perparia cohærentis,
cœruleæ, Stylus filiformis. Stigma bilabiat. cæruleum. Glan-
dula hypogyna, labio infer opposit. inter corollam ovarium-
Qué. Ovarium biloculare, placentis ovuliferis, incrassatis.
Capsula rotata stylo apiculato, basi calyce amplexa, bilocul.

"in. 00. minute bivalvis. Placenta libera facta verrucosa. .

Has. In aquosis limosisque Mergui : no. 282. Sept. 1834.

4. Bonnaya pusilla Gr.

~ Caulibus prostratis basin versus radicantib. E

gonis, fol. linearibus obtusis sessilibus 4, 5 dentatis.

mis terminalibus paucifloris, floribus, inconspicuis pallide

ceruleis. Antheris albidis, processum apicibus albidis, sepalis

tubum eorollz fere zequantib. Corolla labio superior oblongo,

ascendento glandula hypogyna, 3-dentato, ovarium sub-

quant, ^ 5

. Has, In limosis, Mergue : no. 283. Sept. 1834,
Precedente affinis, statura 3-plo minora.

108 SCROPHULARINEJE.

5. Bonnaya serrata,

Cal. profunde 5-partitus. Cor. ringens vel personata,
tubo angusto deorsum curvato, lab. superiore emarginato,
marginibus revolutis, fornicato, infer, 3-lobo, porrecto, basi
bi-cristato. Stam. 2 inclusa, antherz biloculares, loculis ob-
liquis divaricatis. Stigma bilamellatum. Glandula hypo-
gyna cuneato obovata. Capsula siliquiformis cylindracea
subulata, semiexserta, bilocularis bivalvis, Septo parallelo,
placentz lineari solubili adnati. Semina ovata subangulata,
livida, muricata, muricis exoreolam orientibus albis (omnino
ut in Torenia calcarata, p. 124.)

Herba repens radicans, caulis 4-gona, fol. oblonga sessilia
argute serrata. Racemi terminalis, flores oppositi basi
or pedicello bractea breviore albi, lab. infer. rubro

gutta

Qu. Gratiola serrata, Roxb. Fl. Tod. Vol. 1. p. 140.
Torenia calcarata proximum, di numero co-
ers cristata glandulaque tantum, An Lindernia Br. cui

aminum numero excepto omnino accedit. Confer Browns
Prod. 1—441 (296) sub Linderniam. Partium situs omnino
uti Torenia calcarata. Crista est staminum par inferum aborti-
vum.

Huic generi pertinet Gratiola grandiflora Lin. Roxb. Fl.
Indica Vol. 1. p. 137.

Decumbens basi radicans. Caules 4-goni, fol. lanceolata,
sessilia serrata obtusiuscul. Racemi terminales. Calycis
segmenta subpatentia. Cor. personata, fauce inflata, criste
processus lutei clavati. Flores, pallide azurei.

Has. Jumalpore : Sept. 24th,

Obsitum glandule hypogyne, pro rudimento staminis
potici quinte vix consideranda est

6. Bonnaya.

Caulibus repentibus radicantibus stoloniferis; foliis obovatis.
in petiolum attenuatis obtusis, serratis glabris.

TREISTERIA. 109

Racemis terminalibus, paucifloris, floribus czruleis pedicel-
lis oppositis basi bracteatis.

Cal. basin usque 5-partit. sepalis zequalibus lineari-subu-
latis. |

Cor. ringens tubo calyce breviore, lab. super integro,
infer 3-lobo. Stam. 2, labiis alternantia ideoque par
Superum inclusis. Filam. planis brevibus. Anth. ceru-
lee, loculis divaricate perparia approximatis. Labio inferi-
or bicristato, cristis luteis medium versus liberis, apicibus
Subuncinatis rudiment staminum gerent, Stylus filiform.
Stigma bilab. lab. inferior duplo majore ambobus laciniatis.
Gland. hypogyna inter coroll. et ovar. postice. Ovar. 2 loculi.

Capsula cylindrica subulata, 2-loculi. Placentis incras-
Satis. Semin, 00, ovatis apiculatis, testa cellulosa areo-
lata cellulis transversis, linea 1 ab hilo usque ad apicem cur-
rento cellulis longitudinal. Pl. CCCCLVIII. Fig. 5.

Han. Mergue. In humidis, cleared ground Begtown, Pla-
toor: no. 103. July, Aug. 1834. :
.. Bonnayz sp. Genus quoad Spreng. System.

0, l, p. 106 (44) ejusdem generis, semina ad huc non vidi.

TREISTERIA. Gen. nov.

l. Treisteria cordata Gr.

Herbacea, decumbens, radicans, pubescens; caulibus 4-go-
nis. Foliis oppositis inzgequalibus cordato-ovatis petiolis at-
tenuatis, serratis.

Racemis axillaribus paucifloris abbreviatis, fol. breviorib.
bractea Setacea ad basin cujusque pedicelli ; floribus incons-
Picuis, lab, super. brunneo-purpurascente, infer. albidum
marginibus purpureis, lobo medio basin versus pilosa macula
lutea, like a bat flying.

^al. persistens, ganio-sepalus, 3-alatus 3-dentato sepalo
antico 2-dentato e 2 coalitis formato ?

Cor. bilabiat. tubo calycem excedenti, fauce subampliato,

L1
110 SCROPHULARINE AE.

lab. superior integro- ciliato, ascendente, deflexo, 3-lobo,
lobo medio majore.

Stam. didynama fauci inserta, filam. pars infer. arcuata
ascendentia ad exsertionem processum rectum nec ascen-
dens filiform. pallide purpur. apice glanduloso luteo gerente.

Anth. loculi divaricat. apicibus barbatuli paris longioris
coherentis.

Stylus filiformis. Stigma inclusa bilabiat. Glandula hypo-
gyna hinc fissa (postice?) ovarii basi cingens. Ovar. calyce
connivent. subinflato-inclusum, 2-locul. placentis carnosis
intra loculos productis, ovulis 00, curvatis, foramen hi-
lum prope.

Capsula membranacea 2-locula, 2-valvis, dissepimentis
placentis axique liberis factis. Sem. angulata plurima
abortientia areolata compressione, Fig. 4. Pl. CCCCLVIIL.
ovule at a very early period. The same post impregnat. and

Japsule parietes e cellulis transversis angustis creberrimis

ormát.

T s. Merge In humidis ripis. Ins. Kully Gewen ; no. 561.
Oct.

OE E Apparently 3 sepals, but in reality 4, the posticous one
wanting and the anticous formed of 2, as indicated by its 2-den-
tate apex. It has a central vascular fascicle, but which is very
small in comparison with the two lateral ones, nor does it, like
these last, send off any branches. The nerves of. the lateral
sepals are large, the lobe has likewise a central vascular fas-
cicle which does anastomose with the two lateral ones, but
only at the apex, the ciliz of the upper lip are sometimes
simple, at least before expansion. In all I have examined
after impregnation, these hairs are beautifully and most
minutely reticulated, the cells forming the reticulations run-
ning longitudinally.

Pentsteriz valde affinis.

En]

TREISTERIA, 111
2. Treisteria lanceolata Gr.

Basi suffruticosa ; caulibus pubescenti-hirsutis, teretib. ; fol.
petiolatis, lanceolatis, subrepando-crenatis, subacutis, subtus
albidis, sublente cellulosis et ad nervos pubescent.

acemo terminate, simplice nutante glanduloso piloso;
Boribus breve pedicellatis, pedicellis glanduloso-pilosis, bractea
lineari-setacea glanduloso-pilosis paulo brevior, ex purpureo
albi, 1 uncialis faciei Herpestis; flores ante anthesin as-
cendent.

Pedecilli subflore bibractiolati, bracteolis angustiss.

al 5-phyllus, sepalis angustissimis, postico saltem per zes-
tivat. longiore, florem super zqans, intermedium breviore,
2 antica lorem paulo brevior omnibus glandulo pilosis.

Cor. infundibulif. tubo medio infra ampliato; limbo 5-lobo
subbilabiat. lobis 2 posticis albis.

Stam. 4, didyma, ad apicem partes tubo angustato inser-
to, inclusa glanduloso piloso filiform. Anth. bilocul. locu-
lis parallelis, divaricatis parce glanduloso-pilosis, apices versus
dehiscent. Pollen oblongum leve.

Stylus filiform. Corolla tubum subzquans. Stigma bifidum,
Cupula hypogyna breviss. ovarium basin cingens. Ovar.
basin solidum, 2-loculare, 00-ovulat. Ovulis transversis, pla-
Centis linear affixis, 2 seriatis, foramen hilum prope. Pl.
CCCCLVIII. Fig. 6.

ZEstivat. imbricato, lab. 2 postices extimis.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis densis, Ins. Medamam Pator.
No. 65. Dec. 1834.

Hujus generis est Treisteria Kully Gyoon.

Has. Burma Isabagya: May 10, 1837.

3. Treisteria assamica Gr. Pl. CCCCXX.
Herbacealaxa basi decumbens, pedalis bipedalisve, sub-

>
Caulis tetragonus puberulus, articulis valde incrassatis,
Sanguineo-purpureis.

riz? SCROPHULARINER.

Folia opposita longiuscula petiolata subattenuata, obtusa,
irregulariter crenato-dentata, supra lete viridia, sublente
punctulata tactu retrorsum scabra subtus pallida, utrinque
sed presertim infra ad venas puberula, basi szpius obliqua,
venz secondarie distinctz. ^ Petioli unciales supra plano-
canaliculati medium infra purpurascentes.

Racemi ad authesin folia vix æquantia, demum elongato ex-
cedentia vero terminalis, quamvis szpe axillares videntur,
tetragoni scabrelli angulis acutis marginalis.

Bractez foliaceze lanceolato-lineares, pedicellis 3-plo bre-
viores.

Pedicelli suboppositi, ancipites sursum latiories margini
fere alato,

Calyx 4 sepalus, sepalo postico maximo foliaceo, ovato cor-
dato subintegro, venoso, venis apicibus arcuata nexis, auri-
culis baseos deorsum productis, sepalo antico foliaceo, ovato,
basi subcordato, apice bifido vel emarginato, venoso; venis
magis reticulatis, centrali fasciculi vasorum sinu respondenti,
2 lateralia minima linearia carinata, intima, scabrella.

Corolla personata, calyce paullo longior labio superiore
minimo fornicato apice erecto emarginato, fusco vel rubro-
fusco, inferiore 3-lobo, albo, lobis rotundatis (intermedio mi-
nimo) marginibus inflexis, bicristato, cristis pubescentibus
flavis cum lobo medio utrinque alternantibus desinentibus
in corpore clavato, cujus caput valde incrassatum glandulo-
sum. "Tubus intus villosiusculus.

Stamina 2 (superiora) inclusa. Filamenta breviuscula
glabra. Anth, approximate loculis ad anthesin valde divari-
catis, vix contiguis, longitudinaliter dehiscentibus, albis, con-
nectivum dilatata, subloculum superiorem l-dentatum. Pollen
album, ovatum sulcatum, sublente „$4 immersum, obscure gra-
nulosum. Glandula hypogyna magna carnosa, sublobata postice
incompleta.

arium conico-ovatum glabrum, biloculare ; ovula 00. as-
cendentia galezeformia, foramen hilum prope, facieis raphalis
demissior, tegumento nullo distincto.

TREISTERIA. 113

Stylus filiformi-clavatus levis, bivasculosus; stigma bila-
mellata, lamellis approximatis rotundatis, fimbriato-denti-
culatis, postico vel superiore minora.

Capsulata late ovata, compressa stigmatique sphacelatis stylo
apiculata, marginibus undulatis, basi glandula cincta, calyce
ampliato magisque foliaceo clauso obtecta parietibus venosis
bilocularis, valvis submembranaceis concavis, marginibus
simplicibus flexuosis subinflexis. Placenta libera, septis apice
distinctis adnata, valvis parallela.

Semina 00 minuta, rotundata, quadrata, apice utroque
depressiusculo, pallide brunnea foveolis 6-7 lateralibus pro-
fundis exsculptis areolata reticulata, papillis albis lineata
dispositis scabrella: funiculo brevi atrato. Raphe inconspi-
cua linearis, angustissima ; chalaza punctum apicule atratum
submammillaforme.

Tegumentum coriaceum, albumini denso carnoso firme ad-
hærens,

Embryo in axi àlbuminis orthotropus. Cotyledones minimæ
plano convexiusculæ cum raphe alternantes? Plumula in-
Conspicua. Radicula longa, deorsum incrassata.

Oss. Treisteria. Genus distinctissimum. Bonnayæ affinis
corollæ Herpestidi quo habitu Toreniz, abomnibus distinctus
ob eoe sepalorum 2 anticorum. Species altera e Mergue

: Gen. Cuar. Calyx 4 sepalo, sepalo postico maximo, inte-
rioribus minoribus obtectis.

Cor. personata, labio inferiore bicristato. Stam. fertilia 2.
_ Capsula calyce ampliato cincta, bilocularis, bivalvis, valvis
integris margine simplicibus. Dissepimento parallelo placen-
tifero, demum libero.

Semina foveolis (6-7) insculpta.

Herba decumbentes.

114 SCHROPHULARINE A,

4. Corolla viewed laterally.

5. Do. laid open, between the labia.

6. Anther back view.

7. Do. Inner view.

8. Do. lateral.

9. Pollen.

10. Do. immersed in water. The clefts are too distinct.
li. Pistillum with the two lateral sepals.

lla. Do. Posterior sepal } removed anticous one deflexed.
12. Long section of ovarium, from right to left,

13. Do. transverse section.

14. Stigma.

15. Ovulum.

16. Fruit natural size.

17. Do. sepals removed.

18. Placenta and adnate septa, one valve removed,

19. Seed viewed on the raphal face.

20. Do. lateral.
21. Do. long section parallel to the raphe.

22. Vertical view of base of seed.

23. Transverse section of seed through the middle.

24. Embryo.

25. Capsule ripe before dehiscence.

Suddyah Upper Assam: Aug. 22d, 1836.

Remarks. Torenia Asiatice proxima est Torenia mollis eden-
tata molliter hirsuta, magis erecta. Calycibus hirtis. Corollam
calyce paullo interdum fere duplo longiore, pallidissime czeru-
lea, lobis lateralibus partem saturatissime azureis, lobo medio
labiis inferioris macula lutea. Filamenta longiora basin eden"
tuta !

Ovarium apice obliquum. Glanduli cyathiformes. Stigma —
par brevius staminam tantum sequans. 1

Flores terminales, (pseudo axillares) fasciculati, vel in- —
terdum racemosi. Corollz limbus interdum czruleis. 3

Torenia edentula; erectiuscula molliter hirsuta: foliis pe 3
tiolatis cordato-ovatis, rugosulis, floribus terminalibus fasci- 3

TITTMANNIA. 115

culatis racemosisque corolla calycem vix duplo excedente,
filamentis longioribus basin edentulis !

Proxim. T. asiatice, a quo distincta mollit. filamentisque
omnibus simplicibus huic charactere a genere toto recedit.

In his omnibus testa foveolis exsculpta est, foveolis paucis-
simis in novo meo genere, plurimis in Bonnaya bracteata,

Testa (tegument) quam maxime coriaceum, albuminum firme
adherent, Tecta est pellicula vel cuticula tenuissima mem-
branacea e cellulosa, qu in seminibus siccis contrahitur in
fundum alveolor. et his aspectus cellulosus sat, in hanc
factis amplificatur et bullum format. foveolum quemque in
Super ; ex hoc oritur aspectus papillosus seminum humefac-
torum. Hanc structuram observavim in Vandellia, Tore-
nia, Bonnaya et in novo genere.

Pellicula testa est, testa Vandellia scabra Bonnaya bra-
chiata in quibus et presertim priore reticulata est cellulosa et
laxa, in utrisque.

Raphe e cellulis elongatiusculis formata precursa est. In
Bonnaya brachiata membranacea est, et hispidula pilis
apice cruciatim fissis.

r. Benthan says, while refering to the distinctive marks
between Scrophularinee and Primulacee, in allusion to the
Stamina of these two orders belonging to different series,

t no trace of the inner series has as yet been ob-
Served in Scrophularinee, except perhaps in Bamia, Without
having any knowledge of Bamia, there can be no doubt that
its dis is analogous to that of Scrophularinez ; and this again,
although often incom plete, obviously represents either the whole
oF portion of the inner series of stamens.

TiTTMANNIA.
l. Tittmannia sp.

Planta minima pilosa, caulib. ramosis 4-gonis, fol. opposit
Subsessilis cordato-ovatis, obtusis, crenato-serratis, floribus

116 SCHROPHULARINE.JE.

solitariis axillarib. pedicellis demum foliis longiorib. fruc-
tiferis deflexis.

Cal. subzqualiter 5-partibus.

Cor. ringens, tubo calycis longitudinis, lab. superior minimo,
emarginato, livido, inf. maximo, 3-lobo, albo ad basin ma-
culato-lutea.

Stam. 4-didynama. Filam, par. inferior longiores ad ex-
sertionem dente obtuse, lab. superior utrinque exserta. Anth.
perparia cohzerentes biloculare loculis divaricate.

Stylus paulum longior, filiform. Stigma bilabiat. Ovar.
biloculi. Placenta carnosis intra loculos producta.

- Glandula hypogyna, intra corollam et ovarium labio inferior
opposit, Capsula subglobosa bilocularis dissepiment tenuis-

Affinis, (Pentsteria sp. 3.) no. 45 quem vide.
Has. In graminosis humidis, Kyouktay copiose etiam
circa Mergue: ao. 184. Aug. 1

9. Titimannia.

Cal. «qualis profunde 5-partitus.

Cor. ringens, lab. superior emarginato subfornicato, infer
3-lobo deflexo basi obsolete 2-cristato.

Stam. 4 didynama. Filamenta apice dilatata paris in-
ferioris ad exsertionem gibbosa extrorsum arcuata. Anthere
perparia cohzerentes, didyme.

Stigma bilamellata, Glandulo subannuliformis postice
fissa.

Capsula globosa, calycis longitudine bilocularis bivalvis,
septo parallelo libero placentifero. Semina angulata extus
reticulatum, areolata.

Herba pusilla erecta, pilosiuscula, caule ramoso 4-gono;
fol. cordata rotundata crenata, pedicelli nudi axillares, fo-
lia excedenti. Flores pulchri, lab. superiore fusco, inferiore
caruleo.

Ex charactere proxima Lindernie Br. Pr. 1-441 (297) | ;

TITTMANNIA. 117

anne congener. Columnea minuta Roxb. Fl. Ind. Vol. 3,

Genus notandum o5 formam gibberemque. Staminum lon-
gioram, seminumque testam areolatam.

Situation and alternation of parts Pl. CCCCLYVIII. Fig. 13.

a, Sepala.

b. Lab. superius.

d. Inferius.

e. Stamina.

f. Glandula hypogyna.

9:9. Valvule capsule.

h. Placenta septifera.

3. Tittmannia.

Herba annua in locis humidis argillaceis proveniens pe-
dalis vel spithameea, teneri.

Caulis compressus, pubescens ; fol. spathulato-obovata pe-
tiole attenuata, dentata flores racemosi czeruleo-albida parva,
pedicelli pubescenti basi bracteati.

Calyx campanulatus, profundiuscale 5-partitus laciniis
anguste lanceolatis. patulo recurvis.

Cor. ringens, tubo calycis tubum excedent. lab. superior
subascendenti, emarginato, inferior 3-lobo, lobo medio minor,

icristato, cristis rotundatis elevatis, luteo-maculatis, pube-

Stam. didynama inclusa. Filamenta filiformia. Anthere
biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Pollen ovato-lanceolatum leve
medio sulcatum.

Stylus filiformis, stamina superans, stigma bilamellatum. .
Ovaria leve, biloculare, ovula 00. Glandula hypogyna 0.

ntis carnosis affixa calyce fructus ampliatus foliaceis,
capsula inclusum, stylo apiculatum, membranacea bilocularis,
dehiscentia loculicida ; septis huic adnatis. Placenta carnosa

: Semina 00, minuta angulata, albida, apice utroque punc-

118 SCROPHULARINEX

tato, atro notata, testa reticulata, longit. Embryo orthotropus
albuminis carnosa sed nec ampl.

Confer. characterem Columnez tomentose: Roxb. Fl. Ind.
vol. 3, p. 98.

Has. Upper Assam Versus Nigrigam, in humidis: Jan.
19/A, 1836.

PENTSTERIA. Gr.

Gen. Cuar., Cal. 5 carinatus bilabiatim 2 partit. lab. super,
3-dentato inferiore bifido. Cor. ringens, tubo deorsum curvato.
lab. superiore emarginato, inf. 3-lobo. Stam. 4, didynama
quorum par longius basin l-dentatum. Antherz perparia
coherentes (interdum inzqualibus, connectivum pillosum ?
Stigma bilabiat. Capsula angulata calyce connivente tecta
bilocul. polysperma, bivalvis placentis axique liberis factis.
Sem. muricata, glandula hypogyna 0.

Herbe szepius pubescentes caulibus ramulisque 4-gonis
calyx 5 carinatus. "Torenic sp. Bentham.

1. Pentsteira grandiflora Gr.

Caulibus acute tetragonis, repentibus; fol. cordato-ovatis
acuminatis serratis, floribus sepius terminalib. 2-3 conferta
maximis iacu tubo aterrime caeruleo, laciniis albis mar-
ginibus cyan

Cal. bilab. “Tab. ambobus integris super e 3, infer e 2-

sepalis.

—... Cor. infundib. tubo, calycem excedent. limbo 4-lobo, lobo
postico superiore maximo reniforme vel emarginato, relique
rotundata antico minore.

Stam. didynama, filam. atro-cyanea, par inferius paulo
supra exsertionem dente subulata ejusdem coloris arcuatum* -
que. Anth. loculis divaricatis, cyaneis : connectivum satura-
tius. Stylus filiformes eodem modo coloratus, stigma bilobiat,

ETTET

PENTSTERIA. 119

pallidius. Cupula glandulif. ovarium cingens. Ovar. bilocul.
Ovulis 00.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis Bambusaceis. 523, Palar.
Oct, 1834.

2. Pentsteira paniculatis Gr.

Caulibus 4-gonis prostratis radicant. foliis cordatis, petiola-
tis subobtusis, serratis, ciliatis subtus ad venas pilosis et fa-
vuloso-punctatis, floribus axillaribus vel in panieulam termi-
naliam pauciflorem dispositis, ceruleis, lobis labii inferior ma-
cula 1, alba, lobo medio ima basin saturatiss. violaceo. Dente
stamen longior elongato, apice capitata. Anthera perparia
coherentis. Cal. 5-dentat. 3 cupula glandulosa ovarii basin
cingens.

Capsula 2-valvis, dissepimentis placentaque liberis factis,
Sem. angulis obtusis verrucosa. Cor. tubo infra lutescens.

AB. Vulgo in humidis, Mergue: 231. 4ugt. 1834.

. 9. Pentsteira dichotoma Gr.

Caulibus ramosis pubescens, dichotoma (ramis patentibus,
4-angularib. sub. A-alatis; fol. oppositis, petiolatis, cor-
dato-ovalis, obtusis, in petiolum decurrentibus, serratis
Serraturis serratulatis ; floribus purpurascentibus in axillis'
folior. Dichotomis caulium szpuis 3-4, confertis, sub-
nutantibus,

' Cal. 5-angulatus, 5-carinatus, carini supera majori-
bilabiatem 5-dentato, lab. super 3, inferior 2 dentato
carinis ciliatis,

Cor. ringens, tubo calyce breviore deorsum curvato, la-
bi super emarginato infer 3-lobo, lobo medio paulum ma-
Jore, ;

„Stam. 4, didynama, quorum 2, inferior intra lobum me-
dium lateralesque lobum inferior inserta, 2 super inter
labiorum sinus. Filam pars inferior breviss. pars superior
9 longiora, paulo supra basin l dentata, filiform.

l loculis divaricata cohzrentibus.

120 SCHROPHULARIN E/E

Stigma bilabiat. Stylus filiform. Ovarium calyce conni-
vent inclusum biloculare, ovulis 00. placenta axili carnosa
insertis. Glandula hypog. examinanda.

Has. Mergue. No. 45. Augt 1834.

Genus affine, Tittmanniz sp. 1. differt, (184) calyce e cari-
nata, et staminum pare longiore ultra corollam arctiato.

4. Penisteire racemosis Gr.

Herbacea erecta pubescens, ramis divaricatis inferior sub-
decumbentibus cum caulibus 4-gonis, 4-alatis ; foliis oppositis
breviter petiolatis, ovatis, inferior in petioliam attenuatis,
super basin cordatis, serratis cum mucronem, floribus axil-
laribus racemosisque luteis, racemis terminalibus, aliquando
quaternatim subvertecillatis.

al. 5-carinatus bilabiatum 2-partit. lab. super. dentib.
3 breviss. inferior 2-fido, sepalis linearibus acutis.

or. calzse paulo longior tubo deorsum curvato, infundi-
buliform ringens, lab. super emarginato, infer. 3-fido.
Par. longius stamin. ad insertionem 1-dentat

Anthere perparia cohzrentus paris superior breviorisque
duplo majores. Connectivum pilosum, Rud. 5-0,

Stylus filifor. Stigma bilabiatum.

Capsula membranacea calyce connivente obtecta, fusi-
formi-sub. 5-gona. 2.loculare loculo inferiore majore, dehi-
scentia valvaris. Placenta axisque libire factze. Semina 00.
muricata! Glandula hypogyna 0.

Has. In arenosis humidis, Mergue, Bylou. 45. Augt, 1834.

VANDELLIA.

l. Vandellia pedunculata, Pl. CCCCXVIIL. Fig. II.

Herba laxa decumbens, glabrata. Caules acute 4 goni
soli subsessilia cordato ovata, obtusiuscula.

Pedicelli tetragoni ut Torenia, foliis ipiis axillares
ante anthesin deflexis, ad anthesin et postea patentissimi

VANDELLIA 121

solitarii, oppositi; fructus valde elongatus uncialis vel 14
uncialis clavatus,

Flores mediocres, csruleo-purpurei. Sepala 5 qualia,
linearia, demum paullo ampliata.

Cor. bilabiata ringens, tubo calyce longiore lab. superiore
plano porrecto; emarginato, lab. inferiore 3-lobo minuti
crenulato, lobis lateralibus verticalibus: rotundatis, medio
porrecto flavo basin macula lutescente.

Stam. didynama inclusa perparia arcte coherentia. Fi-
lam, pavis superioris brevia, inferioris longa, extrorsum ar-
cuata, basi paullo supra denticulo vel potius gibbere obtuso
aucta,

Antherarum loculi contigui divaricatissimi. Connectivum
loculorum stamina longiorum, et loculorum superiore paris
brevioris mucronatum ; paris brevioris loculorum inferiora in
calcar productum, Pollen album, ovato, hire sulcata gla-
brum. Glandula, hypogyna lutea postice incompleta, obso-
lete 3-crenatum et trisulcata, crenis lobis labii inferioris op-
Positis ideoque stamina sericei interioris parte. Stylus fili-
formis. Stigma par longius stamin non attingens bilamellat.
lamellis patentibus intus papillosis.

Ovar. biloculare glabrum.

Ovula ordinis.

Capsula siliquosa, teretio subulata, sub semuncialis, calyce
duplo excedens, bilocul. bivalvis, valvis integris margine
planis, septis placentiferis, dein liberis, parallelis. Semina
minutissima oblonga, albida foveolata; obsolete scabrella.
Raphe linearis, inconspicue; chalaza punctiformis minima
Subclavata.

Has. Upper Assam. In humidis SuddyaA. ;

Distinct a Vandellia habitu, inflorescentia? labio corollae
Superiore non fornicato, lobis lateralibus lab. inferioris verti-
calibus. Antherique loculis paris superioris calcaratis, an
ideo Segreganda. "

Vandellia est corolle Torenie anne non potius Toreniis
ad jugenda,

Q

122 SCROPHULARINE.£,

Flower lateral view.

Corolla vertical view.

Do. upper staminiferous portion laid open between the
abia.

Pollen.

Pistillum.

Capsule dehisced, valves incurved by dryness !

Seed opaque.

Do. immersed in water, viewed as a transparent object.

Suddyah : Aug. 1836.

2. Vandellia scabra, Pl. CCCCXVIII. Fig. IV. Benth.
Scrophl. 36.

Annua, gracilis, basi decumbens, hirsuta. Caules tetragoni.
Fol. subsessilis inferiore ovata, obtuse, superiore ovato cordata

vel rotundata, obsolete serrata, Pedicelli fasciculati graciles
folia duplo excedentes filiformes ante anthesin curvatuli, pos-
tea cito geniculata a basin deflexa. Flores certe terminales,
quamvis ob axillam unam ramum caulem continuantem emit-
tente axillares videntur.

Calyx hirsutis, 5-partitus. Cor. mediocris, tubo calyce
longior intus villosiusculo labio superiorum fornicato, obsoleti-
emarginato irregulariter denticulato, venoso, fusco brunneo;
lab, infer. squaliter 3-lobum deflexo-patens czruleum, ad
bases paris longioris aureo-velutinum. Dentis paris inferioris
rotundate sessiles, rugosule, filamenta demum an semper
erecta et exserta.

Connectivum submuticum, dorso apices prope denticulo
celluloso aucta, antherz pollenque albumen. Glandula postice

incomplete.

Stigmatis lamelle conniventes, antheras paris longioris
attingentes. :
Capsula globosa, sepalorum parum mutatorum subequans,
glaber. bilocularis, dehiscente generis, bivalvis, valvis cymbi-
formibus margine simplicibus. Septis his parallelis; place a
eris, demum liberis.

ao

uon

TORENIA. 123

Semina oblongo rotundata, obtuse angulata, plumbea, ex-
tus sublente areolis albis conspicue reticulatis.

Raphe linearis, levis, vix conspicua, Chalaza punctum api-
culi atratum vix elevatum.

Has. Upper Assam about Suddyah: August, 1836.

l. Seed opaque dry.

2. Do. opaque immersed in water.

3. Do. long section.

4. Transverse section.

5, Portion of cuticle shewing, that it is tranversed by the

raphe, hence it is testa.

Suddyah: Aug. 1836.

Oss. In Vandelliis veris Jab. supertus corolle certe fornicat.,
lobis labii inferioris deflexis. Connectivum antheram loculo-
rum obsolete mucronatum. Glandula eadem trisulcata eodem
more opposita. Stigmatis lamello conniventes, paris supera
antheras attingentes.

Connectivum etiam utrinque dente celluloso rugoso auc-

TORENIA:

l. Torenia asiatica, Pl, CCCCXVIII. Fig. 1. Benth.
Scrophl. Indica p. 38.

Basi repens glabrate, vel parce breviterque pilosa, folia
cordato-ovata in petiolum attenuata, vens secondariz distinc-
tiusculze, apici arcuati confluenti, et nexz.

Calyx subglabratus. Cor. calyce vix 3 longior saturati-
azurea, per pulchre, lobis omnibus rotundatis, tubo intus atro
cæruleo striato, antheræ muticæ vel breve mucronatæ connec-
tivo simpliceo, dentibus paris longioris maximis, quasi stipi-
talis, atro purpureis.

ium apicem versus antica gibbum, glandula completa
cyathiformis.

nes Assam circa Suddyam.
l. Seed viewed opaquely,
2, Do. raphal face.

124 SCROPHULARINE.E

Do. Long section parallel to the raphe, hence the cotyle-

dons are opposite this organ,

. Seed immersed in water, viewed as a transparent object
shewing that the testa does not dip down into the
foveola which exists in the face of the albumen,

Suddyah : Aug. 1836.

d

>

9. Torenia calcarata Gr.

Cal. profunde 5-partitus. Cor. ringens, bilabiata lab.
superiore emarginato fornicato, inferiore 3-lobo

Stam. 4 didyuama, inclusa, filamenta paris inferioris, bases
paulo supra processum dentatum gerentia. Anth. biloculares,
divaricatz difformes, loculo inferiore paris superioris calcarato.
Par inferium tantum adherens.

Stigma bilamellatum, Discus hypogynus cupuliformis pes
tice incompletus.

Ovarium Deden, placent, central.

Capsula siliquæformis tereti-subulata ex maxima partem
exserta, bilocularis, bivalvis, valvis revolutis, placentis*lib-
eris persistentibus, dissepimentum eonan valvularum
introflexis placentæ adnat.

Semina ovatim, areolis depressis rotundatis notata.

Herba caule radicante ramis floriferis erectis, obtuse 4-go-
nis

Fol. anguste ‘lanceolata, sessilia distanter crenata. Pe-
dicelli filiformes axillares solitarii alternantes, foliis longiores;
fructiferi patentissimi.

Toreniz species discrepans loculo inferiore paris supe-
rioris calcarato. Bonnayz proximum, a quo differt tantum
staminibus 4.

Has. Bengal at Jumalpore in humidis. Sept. 23d, 1835.

Alteration and situation of parts, Pl, CCCCLVIII, Fig. 14

a, a. Sepala.

b. Lab. superius.

e. juferum.

BUDDLEA. 125

d, d. Par superum stamin. calcaratum.

e. Par. inferum,

J, f. Valve capsule.

g. Placenta libera et septa huic adnata.

3. Torenie varians Roxb. Fl. Ind. Vol. 3, p. 96.

Herbacea basi decumbens, caule ramoso acute 4-gono,
fol. oppositis cordato-ovatis acutiusculis e serratis, subsessi-
libus, floribus axillaribus solitariis (in pedicellis 4-angulatis,
subüliformibus, latere superiore latiore folia excedentibus)
nudis majusculis. Calyx 5-sepalus exangulatus, tubum
corolla subzquans.

Cor. ringens lab. superiore fornicato emarginato zestivatione

extimo summoque, lab. infer. 3-lobum, lobo intermedio
intimo tubo pubescente extus.
-. Stam. didynama. Anth. divaricatz loculis cohzerentibus paris
inferioris longioris, cujus filamenta ad exsertionem dente cla-
vata donata sunt, loculisque superioribus paris superioris mu-
cronatis, inferioribus hujus paris calcaratis. Glandula hypo-
Syna lata quasi cyathus dimidiatus.

Stigma bilamellata. Ovarium biloculare, placenta centrali,
septis e marginibus valvularum inflexis. Capsula in pedun-
culo divaricato, cylindraceo-subulata, calycem duplo exce-

ens, et quantum ex immaturis judicare licet, bivalvis, val-
Vis integris revolutis, placenta centralis septis adnatis libera,
Semina papuloso-muricata angulata.
€ Bengal Prope Hubegunge, in humidis: Oct. 2d

~ Huic proxima est Toreniæ sp. I.

BuppDLea.

- Buddiea sp. Pl. CCCCXXII. Itinerary Notes p. 107,
no. 94a, j

- Han. Bootan Dewangiri in Sylvis alt, 2300, ft.

126 SCROPHULARINEE.
BucunerRa.
Buchnere sp. Pl. CCCCXIX, Fig. 1.

Herba, spithamzea vel infra.

Caulis subtus terram squamis dentiformibus stipat.

Flores carnei, tubo viridescenti pubescenti apiciem versus
geniculato.

Capsula loculicida vel valve medio septifer. Placenta libera:

Has. Burma Isabagya : May 10, 1837.

VERONICA.

1. Veronica, Pl. CCCCXIX. Fig. II.

Planta annua, spithamea ramosa, ramis purpureis, inferior
prostrato decumbentibus, fol. amplexicaulia opposita lineari*
oblonga, grosse dentata, fusco-viridia. Racemi terminalis axil-
laresque erecti bracteze lineareis pedicellos mappatis, flores
minute inconspicui czruleo-albidi,

Cal. 4 sepala, sepalis ovatis perparia insequi 2 anti-
cis majoribus, cestivatione.

Corolla, infundibuliformis calyce brevior profunde 4-partita
laciniis sepalis alternantibus, irregularibus hoc nempe inter
sepalis antica majora, sestivatione imbricata 2-lateralia ex-
teriora, antico posticaque interioribus.

Stamina 2 epipetala, ima basin corollz inserta, sepalis 2,
posticis opposita, ideoque cum petalo postico alterna.
Filamenta alba clavata, vel obsubulata, bases versus nempe
attenuata, potius utrinque attenuata. Anth. basi afüxe
didymæ, loculis infra divaricatis, ovate introrse albide,
longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Pollen, leve, (humidum tantum
vide) ovatum hinc sulcatum oblongum globosumve.

Ovarium subglobosum, hinc utrinque profundiuscule sul- — E |

catum, foliis carpellaribus nempe antico deae Stylus
oan vel basin versus angustatus ; stigmata 2 papillosa
bcapitata, antica posticaque,

VERONICA, 127

Torus hypogynus dilatatus circularis marginibus parum
clavatis, ovarii basin amplectentibus ; ovarium biloculare. Pla-
cente 2 carnosz septo, quod quoad axin transversum, adə

nate,

Ovula 00. antitropa, funiculus brevis, crassus, foramen
ad hilum Jatus. Tegumentum simplex nucleus inclusus, ca-
nali cylindrico a basi fere ad apicem extendente.

apsula calyce ampliato, subæquali foliaceo suffulta, com-
pressa, utrinque profunde sulcata, stylo stigmatibusque brun-
neis apiculata, subcordata, utrinque compressa, dehiscentia
loculicida, valvis demum bipartitum. Placenta demum li-
bera, centralis. Semina (vix matura) ovalia compressa, levi-
ter brunnea, Tegumentum exterius cellulosum albumini ad-
natum, albumen dense carnosum parcum.

Embryo minutus in axi albuminis locatis, orthotropus.
Radicula teres obtuse, cotyledone planas? paullo excedens.
Raphe linea prominula indicata ex hoc oritur faciem inter-
nam seminis angulatum esse ; cotyledones faciebus latioribus
et venis seminis parallelæ. Plamula inconspicua? Chalaza
punctum nigricans ad apicem rapheos elevatæ.

E AB. Assam. In sabulis humidis sublimosis, Diboro
~ Mockh: Fes. 13/5, 1836.

2. Veronica.

1 Herba spithameea pedalisve erecta ramosa pubescente his-
3 fol. breviter petiolata cordato-ovata, crenato-dentata,
. bt €, Summis sessilibus. Racemi ercti, axillares, demum
š : foliaque superant. Pedicelli breviss. Bractea li-
Téari-spathulata quemque fulciens.
,'*YX profunde 4-partitus in lacininiis lineari-spathulatis
Piloso-hispidig ciliatisque, erectis, inzequalibus, 2 nempe ma-
,' qualia, 2 minora.
us 2 e sinubus laciniz corollae postice utrinque exserte,
usa,

Filam, fliformi. Anth. biloculares albide, loculis divaricatis.

128 SCROPHULARINE.E

Pollen albidum leve hinc sulcatum. Ovarium globosum fol.
carpellaria secus dorsum medium longitudinaliter hispid.
Stylus brevis. Stigma capitatum, papillosum.

Torus hypogynus aunuliformis marginibus nempe parum
elevatis, ovarii basin cingit.

Ovarium. biloculare ; ovula 00. transversa foramen hilum
prope vix conspicum.

Capsula cordata, bilocularis polysperma in loculicidia bi-
valvis, valvis demum bipartitis, membranaceis, calyce am-
pliato suffulto valvularum marginibus externis ciliatis, placenta
adnata.

Semina 00. albida, transverse vel ascendentia, compressa,
funiculo brevi affixa extus minute cellulosa, ovaria.

Raphe nulla saltem conspicue, chalaza puncta brunnea,
medium seminis versus, cotyledone apices prope.

esta subcoriacea, albumine copioso carnoso denso adnata
Tegumentum interius nullum? Embryo orthotropus axilis
Radicula teretiuscula hilum versus spectans. Cotyledones
incumbentis faciebus latioribus, verisque obchalazam semi-
nis alternantes. Plumula inconspicue.

Has. Assam. In arvis, versus Gubroo- Purbut Jorhauth:
March 6th, 1836.

Folia carpellaria antica posticaque, ideoque lacinus iisdem
corollinis opposita. Situation and alternation of parts

CCCCLVIII. Fig. 7.

CENTRANTHERA.

Centranthera hispida Br. Digitalis stricta, Roxb,

Herbacea erecta scaberrime, fol. lineari-obtusis, obsoleti- -
dentatis, oppositis vel alternantibus; floribus solitariis 2 —
axillis foliorum, summor, floralium parum mutatorum, breviter —
pedicellatis, (pedicellis basi bracteis 2 linearib. majusculis ulis)
subconspicuis.
. 9 partitus, sepalis cohzrentibus antice a

WULFENIA. 129

Cor. infundibuliforma, tubo deorsum curvato, fauce subam-
pliata limbo subzequaliter 5-fido.

Stam. didynama, filamenta pilosa. Connectiv, inter an-
theras pilis moniliformi-barbatum. Anth. biloculares, loculos
dissimilibus, deorsum calcaratis, altero minimo quasi abor-
tivo longius calcarato.

Pollen lanceolatum, medio sulcatum leve. Stylus filifor-
mis, Stigma sublanceolatum, papillos. medio linea opace
Superum. Ovar. biloculare, placentis 2, hzmispheerias,
ovula 00, Capsula calyce connivente inclusa, bilocul.
bivalvis, valvis primo medio septiferis, demum marginibus
inflexis, solutis quadrivalvis placentaque centralis evadit.
Semin, angulata plurima. Testa laxa reticulata albumen
parcum membrana inclusum. Embryo axilis teres indivisus.
Alternation and situation of parts Pl. CCCCLXIII. Fig. 15.

Han. Bengal. Ad ripas graminosus, Burrumpootur, cum
Torenia varians Sept. 1835.

WULFENIA.
Wulfenia obliqua. Pl. CCCCXIX. A.

Calyx green, teeth tinged with blue. Corolla, tube blue, and
underneath white. Petal on the centre with a white cordate
Spot, leaves bright green, articulations swollen, tinged with

uscus,

Han. Mishmee Mts. March 25th, 1836.

Schrophularinee sp.

Herbacea erecta ramosa, fol. oblongis inciso-dentatis,
floribus Spicatis subsessilibus in axillis foliorum floralium in-
cisarum solitariis ochroleucis, infundibuliform. Cal. basi
bibracteolatus subbilabiatim 5-fidus 3 dentibus inferior ma-
Joribus. Cor, bilabiatim infundibuliform 5-fida, lobis 2 supe-
rior minoribus,

Stam didynama filam, pilosa, Anth, biloculares transverse
R

130 SCROPHULARINEA.

diseretz, loculis parum inaequalibus calcaratis, apices versus
hiantes, inclusis.

Stylus curvatus filiformis, stigma oblongo-spathulat. supra
medio sulcatum papillosum maximum, Glandula hypogyna
0. Ovar. globosum biloculare. Placentis maximis carnosis
septo subadnatis. Cor. marcescens fructus supra fissa.

- Capsula globosa, bilocul. bivalvis, demum quadri-valvis
septis solutis, placentze centrales, septiferze.

Has. Khasyah Hills. In graminosis humidis, CAurra: Oct.
12th, 1835.

Centrantherz propinquae. Testa immatura laxa arillifor-

mis.
*

Scrophularinee sp.

Herbacea nutans ramosa. Caulibus teretibus, basin . versus
cellulosiss. striatis, foliis petiolatis orbiculatis, celluloso-car-
nosis szpius integris, interdum emarginatis, petiolis canalicu-
latis, floribus axillaribus solitariis speciosis rosaceo-carneis,
lobo medio lat. inferior albo, luteis maculis.

Pedicellis foliis brevioribus.

Cal. campanulatus dentatus, dentibus obtusis.

Cor. ringens tubo calycem excedente, lab. superior
emarginato subfornicato, inf. 3-lobo, lobo medio majore
prominulo. Stam. didynama, inclusa, tubo basin ver-
sus inserta, filam. subulata. Anth. bilocul. Stylus fiif.
Stigma bilabiat. Glandula hypog. 0. Ovar. bilocule, pla-
centis incrassatis, 00 ovulatis. Capsul. bas. calyce persise
tent. cinct. submersa. Ovula maturiusculo elevatis lineis €
cellulis transversis formatis pulchre striata.

Pedicellis fructiferis incrassatis.

Has. In oryzetis et aquis stagnantibus, Mergui, rara
etiam, Tavoy copiosa : 285. July, Sept. 1834.

131
OROBANCHE.E.

JEGINETIA.
ZEginetie indica, Pl. CCCCLVIII. Fig. 16.

Parasitica, pedunculis 6, 12 uncialib. ima basin squamigeris
ochroleucis, striis tenuibus purpureis; flor. solitario terminal.
nutant, extus albidis cellulosis, intus atro-sanguineis.

Cal. spathaceus lateri inferior a medio usque ad apicem

Cor. subinfundibulif. medium infra angustato, deorsum
curvato fauce inflata ad limbum constricta, limbo 5-fido,
laciniis obtusis erectis, 1 antica (inferiore) paulo majore.

Stam. didynama tubo apicem versus inserta, filam. subulata,
sanguinea, Antherz l-loculares inter se cohzrentes, longit.
dehiscent. connectivo albo, paris superioris breviorisque, hine
in processum dentiformem elongato.

Stylus deorsum curvatus crassus subulatus, stigma maxi-
mum peltato-capitatum luteum papillosum viscosum, medio
foveolatum. ^ Ovarium 1-loculare placentis 4, parietalibus
sinuatis! Ovulis numerosissimis.

à Capsula calyce spathaceo obtecta stylo apiculato, Placentis _

&nuatis aureis! Semina 00 albida testa laxa e cellulis inflatis
ovatis, fibro spirali notatis, nucleo central. cellulis nonnulis
interjectis superpositisve efibrosis corpusculis crebris amyla-
eas, Pl. CCCCLVIII. Fig. 16.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis precipue Bambusaceis.

Palar Maimayve, Oct. 1834.

No trace exists of the spiral fibres before impreg. See fig. a.
'aken before that operation.

132
ACANTHACEJE.

THUNBERGIA.

Thunbergia grandiflora.
R

Bracteis binis coalitis hinc later. inferior. Cor. maxima,
tubo pallide cæruleo, limbo saturatius pulcherrimeque. Geni-
talibus in sulez labii superioris centrali receptis, floribus
solitariis axillaribus, foliis petiolatis, petiolis pedicellorum
longitudinis, cordato vel hastato-ovatis, dentatis vel sinuato-
dentatis, subglabris, basi 7 nervus, acuminatis. Anther basi
calcaratis.

Haz. Scandens in arboribus Mergui Pulo Gewen : Nov. 1834.

NELSONIA,

Nelsonia tomentosa,

a, decumbens, pilis patentibus hispida, praser-
tim apices caulium, fol. elliptico-ovatis longiuscula petiolat,
subintegris penninervus subtus albido-pallidis. Spicis axillari-
bus terminalibusque, glanduloso-viscosis, undique denseque
imbricatis, ad basin versus bifoliatis. Bracteis ovatis foliaceis
ciliatis spiraliter imbricatis, Floribus parvis purpurascenti-
bus, solitariis in axiilis cujusque bractez.

Bracteolis 0, Cal. 4-partit. sepalis inczequalibus postico
majore antico bifido, pilis longissimis przesertim ad bases
hispidis et glanduloso-pilosis. Cor. ringens tubo brevi
subinflato, ad faucem constricto, lab. super oblongo emar-
ginato ascendente, inferior 3-lobo, lobo medio interiori
breviter stipitato, rhomboideo ascendento, zstivatio imbri-
cato, lab. superior exteriore, ideoque flos rectus, lab.
superus purpurasceis, super sanguinea ad apicem albi-
dnm lineis saturationibus notat. lab. superior ad basin

labialia, Filam. breviss. Anth. magnas 0, mutice loculis
subparallelis, Torus glandulosus 0, Stylus filiformis,

m

ADENOSMA. 133

stigma bilamellatum. Ovarium pilis p. calycinis conformibus
hypogynis stipat. biloculare, multiovulatum. capsula ovata
lanceolata compressa, bilocularia, loculis ima basin seminiferis
semin 6? cuique loculo, immatura rotundato-angulata, areo-
lata? retinaculis, 0.

AB. In ruderatis graminosis. Mefgui : no. 668, Nov.

ADENOSMA.
Adenosma affinis.

Herbacea erecta, strigosa ramosa. Caules articulati, articulis
tumidio ob fol. inferior lapsa nudiusculi, 4-goni, fol. oppo-
sita breve petiolata ovata, obtuse acuminata serrata, subgrossa
venis infra reticulatas prominulis. Spice terminales oblonge
Subcylindrice, hispidissimze, quadrifarie. Bracteæ maximze
cordatæ venosz, apices versus subrecurva, 4-fariam dispositae,
Spica axis 4-gonz ; flores bibracteati majuscula tubo pallide
limbo saturato czeruleo marginibus loborum albidis.

Cal. basi bibracteat. tubulosus, 5-sepalum, sepalis sub-
equalibus postico majore paululum uti bractee pilis capita-
tis longis dense tecte. Cor. infundibuliform. subbilabiat.
tubo angusto fauce ampliato 5-loba, lobis oblongis subzquali-
bus postice profundius. fissa.

Stam. didynama exserta par quodque insertion. approxi-
mat, et corollz pariete postice adnat. tubo apicem versus ex-
Serta, Filam, filiformia, Anth. oblongz bases versus affix
Connectivum amplum carnosum, loculis angustis discretis
longitudine dehiscent. ante dehiscent. approximatis. Pollen

. Blobosum lz ve,

Stylus filiformis apice curvatus supra apicem versus planius-
culus et stigmatosum, stigma simplex lineare obtusiuscula.
i ium oblongum, apicem versus pilosum, toro globoso,
lis do, glanduloso insidens, biloculare, loculis 2-ovulatis, ovu-

àscendentibus,

134 ACANTHACEX.

Capsula calyce inclusa obovata pilosa apicem versus, basi
rotundata solida e toro orta, bilocularis bivalvis, 4-sperma,
valvis medio septiferis. ^ Retinacula subulata vix uncinata,
Semina orbicularia compressa atra, diametro longiore trans-
verso, valvis parallelo testa coriacea simplex. Albumen 0.
Cotyledones semini conformes plano convexiuscule. Radi-
cula brevis hilum prope, inter cotyledones fere obtecta
potius inter earum plicaturam nidulans.

Han. Assam. In collibus, prope Anjelly : Nov. 7th, 1835.

Certe Acanthacea, Adenosme etiam affinis,

H YGROPHILA.

Hygrophila obovata, N. ab. E.

Herba erecta, ramosa, pilis: scabra, caulibus ramisque
obtuse 4.gonis. Foliis petiolatis oblongis vel obovato-
oblongis obtusis, in petiolem decurrentibus scabris, Inflo-
rescentia in axillis aggregata vel subcymosa, floribus con-
fertis subsessilib, albidis, lab. infra marginibus pallide cæ-
ruleis in medium albido, punctis czruliis Cal. basi 3-brac-
tiato, quorum antico majore, bracteis oblongis foliaceis, cilia-
tis nervosis.

Cal. fere admedium 5-partita, laciniis lineari-subu-
latis, subequalibus pilosis. Cor. subpersonata, tubo calyce
breviore, fauce ampliata, lab super subgaleato bifido,
laciniis emarginatis inf. 3-lobo, lobiseemarginatis. Palato
subprominulo piloso., Stam. didynama, filam. utruisque lateris
basibus adnata! Anth. 2-locul. loculis parallelis, subsagit-
tat. Stylus filif. stamina superans scaber, Stigma l-labiata
altero superoque albortivo.

Ovarium toro glanduloso insidens, bilocul. pluri-ovulat.
Ovulis ascendentibus. ^ Retinaculis parvis. Capsula sub-
compress. calycem persistente superans polysperma, Sem
retinaculis subulatis distichis subtensa, ciliata.

Has. Mergue iu aquosis : no, 688, Nov. 1834.

*

——

LI

DIPTERACANTHUS, 135

Didynama normalis, uto dispositis stam quamvis, supe-
rum inferumque utriusque lateris basibus adnata, ciliarum or-

' ganis"atro ut ZEtheilema. sed perfectior.

HEMIADELPHIS.
à

Hemiadelphis polysperma. N. ab. E.

Caulibus repentibus radicant. Ramulis ascendentib. sub
4-gonis, foliis lanceolato-obovatis obtusis, subserratis, sub-
integrisve. Spicis terminalibus foliosis, floribus solitariis in
axillis, foliorum floralium, ciliatorum pallide purpureis in-
conspicuis, bracteolis linealib. sepalis longioris latior.

Cal. bibracteolatus, 5-partit. dentibus setaceis equalib.
apicibus sphacelatis, Cor. infundibulif. ringens, extus pubes-
cens, tubo calycis longitud. fauce subinflata, lab. super. rec-
tum nec ascendens emarginat. infer 3-lobum,.

Stam. 2, rudim, 0, filam. subulat. anth bivalve loculis
parallelis. Pollen globos. leve.

Stylus filiform subexsertus, pubescens. Stigma l-labia-
tum. Ovar, 2-locule, a basin multi ovulat. retinaculis un-
cinatis subtensa.

Aistivat. lab. inf. super involvens, deoque flos. resupinat.

Has, In aquosis. Mergue, no. 726, Dec. 1834.

- DiPTERACANTHUS.
Dipteracanthus prostratus.

"T repens, caulibus sub 4-gonis, foliis ovatis ob-
"Uis, subcrenatis, venosis, floribus solitariis axillaribus,
subsessilibus.

Bractiæ 2 foliacese petal foliis conformia, ad basin cujus-
que floris,

Cal, profunda 5-partita, sepalis squalibus, setaceo su-

aas, Cor. infundibul. tubo calycis longitudinis fauce
» limbo subzequaliter 5-lobo.

136 ACANTHACEZ.

Stam. didynama inclusa, filam. subulatis rectis inclusis,
perparia ima basi adnatus, ^ Anth. bilocul. loculis paral-
lelis longit. dehiscent. -

Stylus subulatus, stamina paulum superans, stigma l-la-
biata, lab. super minimo. (Ovar. toro glanduloso in-
sidens, pilosum biloculare multe ovulat. Retinaculis 0.
ovulis ascendentibus. Capsula bilocul. 5-6 sperma, apicem
versus e sperma.

Has. In umbrosis Mergue, Moulmein: mo. 204, Aug.
1834.

JETHEILEMA.

ZEtheilema.

Decumbens, radicans hispide, caulibus 4-gonis sulcitis;
fol. ovatis valde inzqualibus in petiolum attenuatis acu-
minatis, obsolito-serratis, nervosis, Racemis compositis
axillaribus terminalibusque foliaceis, secundis glanduloso-
viscosis, floribus minutis albis, foliis floribus decussatis
distichis, floribus ex axillis foliorum majorum, 3-4 fascicu-
latis. Bractea foliacea late cordata fasciculum quemque
fovente, pedunculo flores gerente petiola bractia basin ver-
sus adnato.

Cal. 5 sepalo postico maximo foliaceo cordato ovato se-
palis ciliatis, glanduloso-pilosis, reliquis linear setaceis,
2 inferioribus majoribus. Cor ringens tubo calyce paulum
breviore medium versus, obsolete geniculatis, limbo 5-partito,
lab. super. bifido, inferior. 3-fido, lacinus majoribus.

Stam. 4 didynama medio tubo (parte geniculate) insertione
approximata. Anth. bilocul. inclusz, loculis parallelis.

Stylus filiformis inclusus, stigma bilabiat. labio superiore;
abbreviato rotundato.

Ovarium toro glanduloso parum elevato insidens bilocul. lo-
culis 2 ovulatis ovulis ascendent retinaculis suffultis. Capsula
bilocul. loculis 2 ovulatis anticis posticisque. Semina
lide brunnea, retinaculis uncinatis subtense complanata, tegu-
ment duplex, exterius pilis cilialum, Cotyledones cordato-F

-

ATHEILEMA. 137

biculate. Radicula brevi hilum spectans. Plumula incons-
picua. Fig. 17, Pl. CCCC :
Has. In Pagodz antigicæ minis Mergui: no. 637, Nov.
1834.
AETHEILEMA.

ZEtheilema mucronata?

Herbacea, decumbens radicansque. Caulibus 4 gonis, fol.
lineari-lanceolatis utrinque acuminatis subintegris subscabris,
Sepius inzequalibus, capitulis axillaribus terminalibusque et
tunc aggregatis dense bracteatis. Bracteis secundis scario-
sis 4, fauce imbricatis hispidiss. ciliatis nervosis. Bracteo-
le 2, linearis, acute pungentis cinque flora.

Cal. 5 sepalus, sepalis ciliatis, sepalo postico majore, Lateral
intermediis, Cor, ringens, fauce sensim ampliata, lab. super
breviore emarginat. inf. 3-fido, tubus albus, lab. super faux
que albo brunneo guttat. lab. infer laciniz alba.

Stam. didynama rud. 5 to 0, fauci inserta. Filam. subu-
lata, brunneo-guttat. Anth. bilocul. locellis oblique positis,
loculi superior margine supera denticulato-ciliata, inferioris
margine infera, sed multo minus et versus apicem tantum con-
nectiv, hispidum. Stylus filiformis lateri inferiore pilosiuscu-
lus, stigma capitat. Ovar. apicem pilosum, cupula glandulosa
subintegra insidens, medio foveolat. 2 loculare, ima basin fere
4-ovulat. ovulis ascendentib. retinaculis suffult. Testa,
Semin. immatur. pilis densis simplicibus ciliata.

‘ x Mergue. In apricis, ins. Madam: no. 924, Jan.

LEPIDAGATHIS.

Lepidagathis sp.

Decumbens, radicans, herbacea pilosa, foliis ovatis, sum-
mis lanceolat. in petiole attenuatis, subintegris, caulibus
compressis 4 gonis. Bracteis, ciliatis vix scariosis, lanceo-
latis acuminatis. Cor. tubo albido limbo carneo, lab. utro-
que præsertim super maculis brunneo-purpureis. Filam

s

138 ACANTHACES.

eodem colore maculat. Bractez 3 cuique flori, antico majore.

Cal. profunde 5 partit. sepalis inzequalib. postico majore,
sepala bracteoque foliáces, vix scariose pilis longis ciliate.

Cor. extus pilosa, lab. infer basin versus, tuboque intus
pilosis, pilis deflexis.

Anth. loculis divaricat. margo altera pectinata, (i. e./ one
anther has the right margin so, its fellow the left, loculis
szpius basi pilosis.

Ovarium apices versus pilosum. Stigma capitat. nec emar-
ginat. cupula glandulifera ovarium basin cingens. Ovari-
um 4, ovulat. /oculorum basibus fertilibus.

Has. In sylvis. Mergue. Oct. 1824. Unicum specimen
tantum ad huc vidi. no. 567.

Dydynamia genuina, i. e. par superum stam. brevius;
Vasculorum fasciculus centralis labio superiore de est junc-
tionis linea alba parte colorata utrinque elevata.

ACANTHUS.
-Feunthus carduaceus Gr. Pl. CCCCXX VIL.

Itinerary Notes p. 144 no. 688. tab. 57.
Has. Bootan mountains at Bhoomlungtun and Oongat.

DILIVARIA.

Dilivaria volubilis. ?

Scandens glabra, carnosa, fol. opposita ovata mucronata
acuta inter” pallide viridescentia, interdum obovata. Spicis
terminalibus erectis, densifloris, bractea ovata foliacea calycem
excedent. floribus majusculis erectis primo intuitis omnino
papilionaceis.

Cal. 4-sepalus, sepalis anticis posticisque ovatis breve
acuminatis, maximis, 2 lateral multo minorib. oblongis, acutis.
Cor. unilabiata, labio arcte declinato antico, 3-fido lacini?

ia minore.

4 subdidynama aclinata fauce pilosa, insertos

OM

GRAPTOPHYLLUM. 139

flam. subulata basibus incrassat. Anth. terminales con-
niventes, l-loculares, loculor. marginatim presertim inferis
dense sericeo-barbate (marginib. super, paris superior minus).
Pollen ovatum læve hinc sulcat. Stylus subulat. aclinat. Stig-
ma bilamellat. lamellis minimis, (postica majore) conunivent.
stigma simplex obtusiusculum simulans. Ovar. toro glandulo-
80, insidens basi 4-ovulat. bilocularis. Retinacula ovulor.

revia,

Affinis Dilivarie volubilis sed bractea,

Has. Mergue scandens inter Rhizophoreus. Ins. Madam:
no. 982, February, 1835.

GRAPTOPHYLLUM.

Graptophyllum pictum N. ab. E.

Fruticosa, 6-7 pedalis ramulis pallide brunneis albo-tinctis,
apicibus omnino albis, compressis glabris, fol. ovato-lanceo-
latis aeuminatis suberenulatis, marginibus cartilagineis coria-
ceis, breve petiolatis plus minus albo notat.

emis ex axillis foliorum summor. foliis brevior basi
foliolosis, subsecundis, floribus szepius solitariis presertim
“apices racemorum versus, bases versus 2-3 aggregatis, cons-
Picuis maximis, sanguineo-purpureis. ^ Pedicellis solitarius
basi 2-bracteolatis.

. basin usque fere 5-partit. laciniis angustis acutis
erectis, Cor. infandibulif. ringens, tubo à venil curvato,
fauce sensim ampliata, marginibus demum revolutis, lab. su-
Periore ascendente bifido, «genital. foveol. inf. 3-lobo, lobis

blongis, lateralibus arcte reflexis, omnibus demum
te sestivat. imbricata, et ante anthesin resu-
pinat

Bim, 2 fauci exserto. Rudim. paris alterius superioris-
que minima, latere superiore paris fertilis adjecta. Filam,
lab. superior breviore, filiforme. Anth bilocul, loculis paral-
lelis, connectivo breve apiculat.

140 ACANTHACES.

Stylus longissimis lab. superus paulo superans, filiformis
stigma capitat. transverse sulcat.

Ovar. toro ampliato eoque basin circumdatum accretumque
insidens conicum, biloculare, loculis bases versus solidis
apicibus 2-ovulatis ovulis ascendens, retinaculis subtensis.

Has. In horto Mergue : no. Jan. 1

Limbus corollze rugosa, glandulisque snnm albidis glo-
bosis crebris interspersus.

ZEstivat. lab. superum ob resupinatione infer aliud invol-
vit. Justicia puta. L.

ADHATODA.
Adhatoda vascica? N. ab. E.

Suffrutex erectus ramosis ramulis obsoletissima 4-gonis,
ad articulos tumidis, fol. lanceolatis utrinque presertim ad
apicem attenuatis repandum integra glabra. Spicis axillarib.
oppositis longe pedunculatis, apice tantum floriferis sub 4-
gonis, floribus 3-bracteatis, bracteis foliaceis, 1 maximo ad
basin cujusque, 2 lateral (not on the same plane) minorib.
interiorib. spathulat.

Cal. qualiter profundeque 3-5 partit. Cor. ringens, tubo.

sepalor. longitudine, fauce ampliato, limbo ascendente, lab.
superiore ovato fornicato emarginato secus lineam mediam
plicato, plicca stylum amplectent, inf. subporrecto, 3-lobo,
lab. super. later versus, loboque medio inferior venis rosaceis.

Stam. 2 fauci inserta, labiis alternantum, filam subulat.
ascendente, anth. bilocular. loculis dislocatis, connectiv. plus
minus glandulosis, loculis infer breve calcarat. Stylus ascen-
dens in succo lab. superiore recept. piloso-pubescens, stigma
emarginat. Ovar. antica posticeque pubescens disco glanduloso
insidens, basi sterile, supra 4 ovulat.

Has. In rudiratis. Mergue Kulweng: no. 1061, March,
1835. Legi etiam in super Demtharot, 1834.

ZEstivat. imbricato in lab. superior intimo, lab. medio lab.
inferior extimo.

ADHATODA. 141

-- Adhatode sp. Pl. CCCCXXIV.

Flowers spicate. Bractez belonging to the ramifications,
4-rowed. Posticous, not producing any buds in their axille,
the remaining three flori gemmiferous.

Calyx subzqualis. Cor. tubo geniculato, bilabiato, lab.
super. fornicato emarginat: inf. 3-lobo, lobis subzqualibus.
Palato subprominulo.

Stam. 2. sterilia ©. Anth. locul. divaricati obliqui.
Stylus duplicatam lab. superioris obtectus, stigma parvum
bilobum. Ovarium disc. glandulosum terminans, 4-ovulat.
Pollen 1-2 plicat. plicis medio poriferis.

Frutex, foliis lanceolatis. Spicis axillaribus bracteis te-
trastichis posticis vacuis. Flores magni bibracti, Folia
basi zequalia,

l. Alabastrum.

2. Flower laterally.

3. Ditto front.

4. Corolla laid open.

5. Anther front.

6. Ditto back. :

7. Ditto dehisced.

8. Pollen opaque.

9. Ditto in water J,

10. Pistillum.

ll. Ovary transverse.

12. Ditto longitudinally

13. Ovula,

14. Ditto long section (iterum examinandum)

15. Partium situs et alternatio.

I believe the ovary to be dimerous, the fascicles of style
being two, and nothing appearing to indicate the non deve-
lopment, two additional parts.

. The estivation of this order appears always the contrary
to that of Labiate, the lower lip being external, and the
middle lobe most external, There are no rudiments of.

142 ACANTHASIA.

sterile stamina. The nucleus appears to cohere with the
single tegument.

The direction of the flowers of Peristrophe before the
twisting of the tube is, reasoning from analogy reversed: is
the peduncle therefore twisted? I find in Meyenia and
some others, that, if the situation of the inflorescence be
such, that the upper labium be inferior or nearer the earth
the peduncle becomes twisted. And this seems to be the
cause of the twisting because in Thunbergia grandiflora
when the situation of the upper lip is superior, as it sometime
remains, no twisting takes place.

It would be worth while ascertaining whether the twisting
might not be determined in all by deflexing the inflores-
cence so as to bring its point near the earth.

The presence of three bractez to the flowers is constant?
Aud points out the evident tendency to dichotomy that exists
throughout the order, see N. ab. E. Of thesethe anticous one
does not belong to the flower developed, for this being really
terminal has ao bracte but to the partial ramus of inflores-
cence, the lateral ones represent the situation of two lateral
flowers not developed. "That is in the present instance but
if the flower be pedicelled then the lateral ones would cor-
respond to two lateral pedicelli. In the former case the
limits of the partial inflorescences are defined, in the latter .
they are not defined.

GENDARUSSA,
Gendarusse sp.

Frutex erectus, ramis obsolete 4-gonis, atro-purpureis, fol.
angusto-lanceolatis breviter petiolatis obtusis subemarginatis
repando-crenatis. Spicis terminalibus et in axillis folior.
summor. floribus termatim, aggregatis in axillis bracteam
linearium, acutem dimiditem verticellat. albis, rubro pune-
tat. lab. inferior rugosulo. Cal. 5-partit. sepal. zqualibus
,subulat. Cor. bilabiata tubo compressa, lab. superiore lanceo-

JUSTICIA. 143

lata emarginata, vix ascendentia ; infer, 3-fido, rugosulo, Stam.
2. Anther bilocular. loculis obliquis, inferior interioribus-
que, basi calcarata. Stylus filiformum, stigma emarginata obtu-
sum, Ovarium abasin 4-ovulat. cupula glandulos. brevi insi-
dens,

Has. Mergue. In hortis Ins. Madamaca, Culta: no. 1028,
July, 1835,

JUSTICIA.

Justicie sp. Pl. CCCCXXVI.

Has. Nempean in the Patkye mountains between Assam
and Burma: March 20th, 1837.

Justicia nasuta.

Suffruticosa, floribus albis, tubo gracile elongato, viride,
lab. super. cor. ringentes angustissimo, lineari-emarginat.
ascendente, infer. latissimo, 3-lobo, deflexo, faux angustissimo.

Stam. 2 post anthesin inter labiam extrorsum flexa. Stylus
subexserta in canalem plicamve lab. superior recept. Stigma
bifidum. Cal. equalis, 5-sepalus, sepalis lineari-setaceis, cu-
pula glandulosa ovarium basin cingens. Ovar. a medio paulo
infra 4-ovulat.

. Caule angulat. fol. lanceolat. in petiolem attenuata. Cymis
dichotomis axillarib. terminalibusque paucifloris. Cor. labio
Superiore basin versus purpureo-fusco-punctata. Pedicellis
basi 3-bracteat. bracteis minimis setaceis.

Has. Mergue: no. 1059, March, 1835.

Justicie sp.

Suffruticosa foliis caulibus compressis magnis, 6 8 uncia-

libus, ovato-lanceolatis crenato-repandis, acuminatis luteo-viri-

"nt. Racemis terminalibus bracteatis, bracteis foliaceis

m floribus inconspicue solitariis vel 2, 3 in pedicello
ue,

Cal. subzequaliter profunde 5-partit, Cor. ringens, tubo .

144 ACANTHASEJE.

calycis sepalis breviore, lab. superior subcordato emarginato,
inferior 3-dentato 2 elevatis in tubum decurrente (viridescent
albida, maculis minimis sanguineis. Stam. 2-labiorum sinus
opposita, fauci inserta, filam filiformia, rubro punctata.
Anth. bilocul. loculis parallelis infra mucronulatis (calcaris
rudimenta extus pilosis, nec ciliatis intus (in sinubus) glan-
duloso-pilosz glandularia capitibus maximis, stylus filiformi,
ad apicem glaber, bifidum, stigmata simplicia. Cupula hy-
pogyna integra ovarium basin cingens. Ovarium pilosum, 2-
loculare loculis 2-ovulatis, ovulis retinaculis suffultis.

Hans. Mergue in umbrosis, Pulo Gewen: no. 635, Nov.
1834.

RuNara.

Rungia parviflora N. ab. E.

. Herbacea ramosiss. erecto scabra. Caulibus angulatis sul-
catis ; foliis lancéolatis vel lineari-lanceolatis, utrinque atte-
nuatis, bases versus petiolisque ciliatis; spicis axillaribus ter-
minalibusque, solitariis vel 3-4 aggregatis, secundis. Brac-
teis scariosis, ovato-lanceolatis distichis obliquis, ciliatis mar-
ginibus (presertim infera) scariosis. Floribus 3-bracteolatis
bracteola antica majore obovato, marginibus scariosis ciliatis,
lateral. oblongis, concavis emarginatis structurze ejusdem.

Cal. sepalus, subbilabiatus sepalis (2 superior) lineari-acu-
minatis ciliatis.

Cor. tubo cylindrica. sepalis breviore ringens, lab. superior
ovato subacuminato, inferias 3-loba, lobis subzqualibus, obli-
gue rugoso. Stam 2, fauci inserta inter labialia? inclusa, filam
filiforme. Anth. bilocul. loculis paulo dislocatis, altero
supero interioreque altero parce pilosa, basi processum
lobuliformem gerente. Stylus filiformem, stigma bifidum,
inclusum. Ovariam cupula brevi glandulosa insidens, 2-locU
laris loculis basi effztis, supra 2-ovulatis ovulis retinaculis
subtentis.

Corolla extus pilosa.

PHLOGACANTHUS. 145

ZEstivat. imbricata, lab. inferior superum obtegente! hoc
notu resupinata sit corolla.

Has, In sylvis ruderatisque umbrosis. Mergue, etiam Mol-
mein qua copiosa cresent. no. 663, Nov. 1834.

Capsula ovata compressa, 2 locule, loculis 2 spermis. Se-
mina compressa verrucosa loculis ima basin seminiferos brun-
nea,

Capsule parietes membranacee, margines folior. carpello-
rumque approximate, sunt ossez, supero quoad axim, infero
quoad filamentum (N. ab. E.) ante semin. concentro-rugosum.
Embryo Fig. 18. Pl. CCCCLVIII.

Oss. The cells of the scarious parts of the bractee are
beautifully sinuate a few glanduliferous short hairs are inters-
persed. The ciliæ are jointed and punctuate, punctuations
exceedingly ruminate. Interspersed in the foliaceous part are
many oblong uncoloured cells running perpendicularly or
nearly so with the surface, these are very verrucose, these ver-
Tuc: are elevated considerably above the cell. They occur in
the sepals but in fewer numbers.

PuLOGACANTHUS.

Phlogacanthus curviflorus, Pl. CCCCXXV.

Frutex erectus valde ramosus, 6-8 pedalis. Caulis viridis,
tumesentiz articulor. fusco-tincti, fol. superne saturato-viri-
dia subtus albide et rediculata.

Flores penduli albi, genitalia incluis. Corolla fere
Datura infundibulif. fere regularis tubo angulato, infra an-
Bustato, calyce nempe clauso, laciniis corolle erectis, vix

distingueres quid sit tubum superum inferumve.

. Hujus generis est Acanthacea e ripis Nammaroan.
Kuttack- Boom : March 16th, 1837.

146 ACANTHACES.

Acanthacee, sp. Pl. CCCCXXVIII.
Itinerary Notes p. 106.
Has. Bootan. In sylvis Dewangiri.

Acanthacee sp.

Herba prostrata radicans, pubescente pilosa, caulib. 4-gonis,
foliis ovatis serratis, flores, pallide caeruleo-purpurei, lab. super
albido dimideo resupinato.

Cal. 2 bracteat. bracteis setaceis 5 sepalus, sepalis 3 exte-
rior maximis cordatis, pilosis ciliatis, 2 intermedius lineari-
setaceis. Cor. ringens, tubo calycem excedente, lab. super
subascendent. album emarginatum, infer. 3-dentat. pur-
pureum tubum medium infra angustat.

Stam. 4 didynama, parte constricta tubo inserti, Fi-
lam. filiform. Anth. paris infer longiorisque, 1-loculares,
locula altero abortiento paris superior bilocular. loculis
parallelis, connectivum carnosum,

Stylus plano-clavatus, stigma carnosa bilabiata, labiis sub-
coherentib. Torus glandulosus subcyathif. Ovarium 2-locu-
lare, loculis a basin 00 ovulatis. Retinaculis 0.

Has. Mergue. In humidis, apud Tharapown. no, 820.

Gen. novum. Tribus Nelsonice. Cal, bibracteolatus, 5-
sepalus, sepalo postico 2 inferioribusque maximis cordatis, 2
intermediis minimis lineari-setaceis, Cor. ringens, lab. st-
perior emarginato, infer. 3-fido. Stam. 4 didynama, anth.
par inferioris 1-loculares superior bilocular. loculis parallelis:
Stylus complanato-clavat. Stigma bilabiat. labiis connivent
Ovarium a basin multi-ovulat. urceolo glanduloso insidens.

Inflorescentia spicata foliaceo bracteat. flores dimidio T€
supinato.

CYRTANDRACE A.
Thoughts on Cyrtandracee.

Definition of the order inflorescence etc. which in its
dichotomy and bracteation often approaches to that of Acan-

T—

CYRTANDRACEJE. 147

thacem. Remarks on the various organs, and appendages
of the axis, the obliquity and inequality of the leaves,
analogous to the same in Acanthacez. Affinities.

I believe Dr. Brown does not separate these plants from
Gesneracee or Gesneriez. The differences assigned by
Lindley in his Introd. 2nd edition, are not defensible, since in
my Cyananthus the ovary has a tendency to become inferior,
neither is the absence of albumen constant.

From Scrophularinez they may (when in flower) be dis-
tinguished at once? by the constant presence of 5 stamens
in one form or another, whereas the 5th in Indian Scrophu-
larinez is as constantly absent. 1 have before observed that
the bilocularity of the fruit of this last order is not constant.
ls there no,difference in the :estivation of the corolla.

On the whole, after Gesneriez, they approach nearest to

Acanthacez especially in habit and inflorescence. "The gyrate
orm is very remarkable and was first pointed out by Brown
in his Aikinia; every degree of irregularity occurs in the
corolla from ringent to subregularity, the tendency towards
the latter form is however rare. The calyx affords but few
characters, my Cyananthus however is at once known by its
petaloid pentangular valvate calyx.

The stamina are worthy of much attention, Cheilosandra
having the anthers opening in a valvular manner, the valve

Ing compound.

The hypogynous disk is less developed than in Scrophu-
larinez, neither has it a tendency towards assuming the form
of an additional series of stamina, which it has in the order
referred to.

The ovarium is constantly unilocular or of bilocular form,
the placentze do not cohere, it is therefore only bilocular by
approximation, not cohesion of parts. Cyananthus is remark-
able for its fungous placentz. :

The stigma affords generic characters the general form, is
Perhaps bilamellar which may be determined by the vascular
fascicles of the style.

148 CYRTANDRACE;E.

The habit is peculiar and is at once sufficient to distinguish
them.

Verbenacez are not easily distinguished by characters ex-
cept perhaps that of the placentation and the definite number
of ovula. But of all these orders the estivation should be
carefully examined ; the 5th stamen is absent in Verbenacez.

Is not my Chiliandra Wallich’s Corisanthera ?

Of this order India has many representatives, ZEschynan-
thus and Incarvillea being the most numerous both genera
averaging (several, say) 5 A ses each, 10.

Chiliandra, .. T. wee
Slackia, K PA m 2 mL.
Loxotis, : s 2 4 e cn
* Tetris ten, RE we 210 1
* Geniculus nema, J AS sate ee
Cyananthus, ... sse E nx "E
irita, vx Be rs y E
Stauranthera, ... P =. xis m
Epithema. oe vee =+ eos m l
Martynia? — ase ], 28

It may be considered tò contain 35 or 40 Ficia, t

They are generally hill plants delighting in wet very shady
spots, few of the species are to be found above 4000 ft. The
plains possess but few and even these have probably escaped
from hills. Of the Indian species the most widely distributed
are some of the epiphytical ZEschynanthi or Incarvillee, and
of these about 3 species are found on plains. Martynia
has likewise an extensive distribution. The remaining ap-
pear to be local, especially the small one from Madamacan.

* Temporary names referring to undescribed genera in the collection
of the author.

t Species referred to generally as examples.

Didymocropus oblonga, Pl. COCOXL. Fig. III.

Didymocerpus aromatica, Pl. COCOXL. Fig. IV.

"Eschynanthus ramosissimus, Pl. COCCXL. Fig. V.

Lysionotus ternifolius, Pl. COCCXL. Fig, VI.

CYRTANDRACES. 149

Structure of the leaves of Aischynanthus, Figs 1, 2, 3, 4.
Pl. CCCCXLI.

Both cuticles are very thick, the upper one particu-
larly and are beautifully transparent, composed of angular
cells placed at right angles with the axis. These cells be-
come rounder and much shorter towards the surface.

The part of the leaf in which the green matter is de-
posited is exceedingly narrow and very opaque.

The primary vascular fascicle does not occupy the
exact axis, but is nearest the inferior surface.

The inferipr cuticle is composed of rounded and angular
cells of large dimensions, both sections give at first the
idea of pores existing in the surfaces of the cells. The
cells contain a few green ovate or roundish corpuscles.

The intercellular spaces are extremely distinct and vary

much in shape and dimensions. On examining with high

Powers the apparent pores, which are of large diame-
ter and very distinct, one is induced to reject the idea
of their being apertures. |

lst. Because the appearance of a membrane covering
them is sufficiently distinct, and like the remainder of the
Wall of the cell examined, green corpuscles are frequently
Seen adhering to them.

2. Because on varying the light, they do not assume the
exact colour of the field in which they are viewed, but
have the Same appearance as the other cells.

3. Because I have seen torn portions of membrane ad-
hering to their edges some of which then had every ap-
pearance of being open.

4. Because on looking at the attachments of the cells
one with another, we find them exactly of the same shape

Clinta grandiflora, P. CCOCXL. Fig. VIL.
Platystemma violoides, P. OOCOXL. Fig. VII.
Stauragyne argentia, Pl, CCCCXL. Fig. I
Aikinia brunonis, Pl. CCOOXL, Fig. IL

150 CYRTANDRACES.

with these apparently pores, and in detaching the covering,
and the cells one from another, we increase their number.

5. Analogy is against their being pores, no vegetable
membrane having yet been demonstrated to be visibly
porous.

Dissection proves them to be not pores, they are in
fact merely cm of attachments of the contiguous
cells, see fig. 4

The large size ef the intercellular spaces is evidently adapt-
ed to the thickness of the cutis, and to allow of a free
transmission of air, to the central green part. "These spaces
communicate directly with the stomata. This is scarcely
to be demonstrated by transparent sections, but is by the
opaque, in which we see the spaces filled with air reach-
ing frequently to the outer layer of the cutis, in which sto-
mata abound. It is a curious fact that no intercellular spaces
exist, nor does a transverse section give any appearance of
pores in the cells between the midrib and outermost layer.
These cells are angular, much more so than those not im-
mediately adjacent to the midrib. They contain few if any
green corpuscles, see fig l. The outer layer immediate-
ly opposite the midrib is destitute of stomata, the midrib
does not appear to ramify, and is well supplied with spiral
vessels arranged in a reniform manner.

The stem presents nothing peculiar, the cells of the
pith abound in transparent granules.

The stomata are small as in most succulent plants,

Mergue: Nov. 7th, 1834.

CHILIANDRA,

Chiliandra obovata, Gr. Pl. CCCCXXXVIII.

Suffrutex 3 pedalis ferrugineo-villosus. Caulis crassus, sim-
plex apice cum petiolis dense,

Folia opposita seniora petiolata, petiola crassa, basi sub-

S
Sa

e intent

CHILIANDRA, 151

connata et annuliformantis caulem cingentem, superne plani-
obovata in petiolem decurrent. magna, carnosa, fragilia brevi-
ter acuminata serrata, supra saturato-viridia lucida, adpressa
potius arachnoidea villosa demum glabrata, infra albida ad-
pressa pallide ferrugineo-villosa arachna demum inconspicua
sed persistente, longit. pedalia vel ultra paulo, latit. extreme
Spithamz, juniores subtiss. vere nivei, vernatio accumbens
marginibus inferne involutis.

Venatio. V. primaria (costa) crassa infra quam maxime pro-
minula, v. secondaria conspicuosissima simplex oblique et
leniter arcuatem currentis ad margines, intra quam terminant.
more evanescente, terminationes margine fere parallele et
apicem folii versus spectantes. "Tertiarie quartarieque quam
maxime inconspicuz.

Stomata (paginz inferioris tantum).

Inflorescentia axillaris, cymosa; cymis binata termatimve
aggregatis pallide ferrugineo-villosis basi bracteatis cernuis
pendulisve petiolatis excedentibus, fastigiatim divisis dicho-
tomeque.

Bractez basilares carnosz, dense ferrugineo-villosz.

ractez divisionem florumque lanceolate concave pe-
dunculorum colore, i. e. carnee, eodem more villose as-
pectu scariosz.,

ores dichotomarum sessiles binaleve mediocres, læte
Tosacei, tubo fundo superne vel ad basin labii superioris
Sübatro-purpureo, inferne albo, inodorato. Pedicellis bre-
Viuscula interdum bibracteata, flore uno nempe abortivo.
Calyx profunde 5-partitus, laciniis imbricatis, lanceolato
linearibus persistentibus subinzequalibus, dense ferrugineo-
Villosis apicibus subglabratis intus glabris carneis patentib.
Post lapsu eorolle clausis.

Cor. bilabiata subrotata, tubo brevissimo labio peque
atenti-reflexo superiore labio bifido, lobis rotundatis latis-
simis, utroque demum inferiore 3-lobo, lobis angustioribus

» Presertim supero, rotundatis, basi utrinque quasi fo-
Yeolatim, infero primo porrecto.

152 CYRTANDRACE.E.

"Stam. 4 fertilia, quinto rudimentario minimo dentiforme
purpureo sanguineo subdidynama, par superus nempe brevius.
Filamenta brevissima, cellulosa crassa, sursum curvata i. e.
declinata, fere semel torta semi-tort. ^ Antherz basi affixe,
rotundatz, connectivo lanceolato angusto, marginibus an-
there huie contiguis sanguineo-purpureis, antice glandulose
uniloculares, valva semicompleta antice transversum dehis-
centes tuncque bilabiate.

Pollen pallide flavescens, glabram, anguste oblongum 3-
sulcatum.

Glandula hypogyna cupulata lutescens integra ovarium
basin cingit.

Stylus declinatus, glaber, subulatus, crassiusculus, albus,
fasc. vasor. 2, distantes, centro canali stigmatico conspi-
cuusculo perforato. Stigma simplex obtusum obliquum.

ar. glabrum ovato-rotundatum, l-loculare foliis carpel-
laris anticis posticisque vix omnino superum, septis fere com-
pletis, in placentis binis extrorsum revolutis continuatis.

a 00, minuta placentarum facie exteriorum affixa, sim-
plicia nempe tegmeni distinctz nulla foramen potiusve situs
intrantia boyaui ad hilum prope.

Endothecum cellule conspic. fibrose, rotundate fibris
simplicib. vel rarius divisis.

JEstivat. corolle imbricat. lab. super lobis lateral labii
inferioris partim overlapped, lobo medio lab. inferious omni-
no externo.

Oss. Genus notis pluribus apte charactere præcipue-
‘que ob antheras anomalas, et prorsus insolitas. Initio bilo-
cularis sunt, loculis bilocellatis, sitis etc. omnino norm
nempe e thecis 2 lateraliter (parallelis) stipita, (filamento) in-
sertis. Posteriorum limites quasi loculorum obsolete fiunt;
locellique minores et interiores quoad filament. firme cohz-
rent. Limites horum locellorum a medio infra oblateriantur.
Ex his oritur dehiscent. anomalis, valvula inferior semi-co™
pleta composita est e partibus superioribus locellorum inferio-
rum utriusque paris loculorum.

CHILIANDRA. 153

Margo dehiscentiz idem est acin antheris normalibus
quamvis per dimidian solitam longitudinem currit.

The great anomaly is the intimate cohesion of the two
loculi, along the margin which in all others is distinct, and in
the composition of the valve. "Thisis the only instance of
the kind I know, I refer to this formation in my short paper
on Rhizophorez, but was then unaware of the existence of
an instance, All instances of the like dehiscences that is not
lateral to the filament, arises probably from such cohesion,
i. e. if there is no torsion of the filament. Lindley mentions

its existence in a species of Diospyros, but does not state

to what it is owing.

[Examine the situation of the anthers in the bud, as to what
change arises from the twisting of the filament.]

Anth. alabast. ante filam. torsionem introrsz, saltem quoad
labia dehiscentie. The effect of the twisting seems to be to
render the anthers more extrorse.

l. Corolla sometime before expansion.

2. Flower: shortly after expanding, seen laterally.

3. Do. sometime after expansion.

4. Front view of no. 2.

5. Corolla laid open between the lips.

6. Outer view of young anther. ‘

7. Front or inner of do.

8. Lateral do.

9. Front of anther of no. 1.

10. Lateral view of mature anther.

ll. Outer, or back of do.

12. Inner of do.

13. Lateral view of one dehisced.

14, Front do,

15. Do. lower valve, divided, so as to shew the interior of
the anther,

l6, Long section of anther through the centre, this in
fact corresponds to one of the original cells seen in the
Young states,

U

154 CYRTANDRACEZA.

17. Transverse section of mature anther at the junction of
the valve or lower lip.

18. Transverse of young anther, nos. 6, 7, 8

19. Pollen dry.

20. Do. immersed (.5.)

21. Fibrous cells of the endothecum of the lower lip of
no. 14.

22. Pistillum.

23. Ovar. transverse section viewed obliquely.

24. Do. of style do

25. piis section of ovary shewing that it is not bs rs

erior.,
26. teas of no. 22,
CYANANTHUS.

Cyananthus umbrosus Gr., Pl. CCCCXXXVII,

Radix fibrosa, caule basi decumbente terete crasso carnoso.
Fol. subopposita alternave (petiolis uncialibus,) oblongo-ovata
acuminata, carnosa, basi valde oblique, seniora subintegra,
juniora irregulariter serrata, fructus racemosa, racemis erec-
tis terminalibus interdum axillaribus, scabrellis. Bracteæ
ovatz lividz, deciduz. Pedicelli scabra.

Aikiniz videtur affinis. Cal. petaloideus, 5-partitus, æ$-
tivatione valvatus. Cor. subregularis, 5-partita,

tam 4 fertilia zequalia.

Stigma capitat. Capsula calyce aucto cincta. 1-locularis,
circumscissa. Placentz 2, fungose, liberz persistent. faciebus
internis sterilibus. Semina sub sessilia ex albuminosa.

Alabastra azureo-cerulea, pentagono-alata. Sepala bases
versus coalita, caterum 3-angularia zestivatione valvata,
fructus auipliata carnosa czeterum conformia, erecta.

Cor. monopetala, subhypogyna tubo brevi, laciniz. 5, ro-
tundate, :estivatione imbricatz, venose, unica majorique
exteriori czterz seriatim imbricatione interiores, alba c&ru-
leo-tincta, basin versus intus lutescens.

+

DIDYMOCARPUS. 155

Stam. 4 basi corollz inserta, laciniis ejus alternantia in-
trorsa. Filam crassa brevia. Anth. cordatz, introrsi pubes-
centes, basi affixæ, alabastri 4 loculares, loculis bilocellatis.
Rudimentum quinti dentiforme, hinc lacinize corollinz mi-
noris? situm.

Ovarium 5-angulare, angulis rotundatis, pilis uncinatis bre-
vibus pubescens, ima basin calyci adnatum, 1-loculare.
Placenta 2 parietales, vix opposite ! stipitatz, subbifide, fa-
ciebus interioribus approximatis sterilibus. Ovula 00, cam-
pylitropa, nucleo primario prominulo, secundineo nullo? Sty-
lus brevis, filiformis crassus. Stigma capitata. Flos. partes
lantum in alabastro unico juveni vidi.

Capsulz, calyce ampliato-cinctz, racemosim disposite, cir-
cumscissze basin prope, parte reliquà, stylo stigmatique coro-
nata, calyptra more placenta apicis tegenta.

Placente fungose. Semina minuta brunnea. Testa
fibrosa brunnea. Tegument. interius celluloso-reticulat.
Embryo orthotropus. Radicula crassa cellulosa. Cotyle-
dones plano-convexiuscula.

Oss. Is not the calyx adnate to the base of the capsule,
if so, this is a reason for the Order not being distinct from
Gesneriaces. Eu

HaB. Assam. In umbrosis humidis collis humilis prope
Gubroo Purbut: March, 1836.

DipYMOCARPUS.

Didymocarpi sp. Pl. CCCCXXXVI.

Hans. Mishmee mts. The tube of the corolla is white
tinged beneath with yellow, lamina purplish blue. Leaves
dark-green frequently spotted with black.

156 CYRTANDRACEA.

JESCHYNANTHUS.

ZEschynanthi sp. Pl. CCCCXXXII.

Fol. ovato-lonceolatis acuminatis coriaceis, venosis, venis
secondariis subarcuatis. Cymus bipartitus terminalis brac-
teis ovatis sanguineo-coccineis. ^ Pedicellis calycis sepalis
lineari-lanceolatis amplis, tubo partem rectam zquantibus
corollisque superne curvatis pulchre coccineis. Staminibus
exsertis, subasceadent.

Torus glandulosus cyathiformis, ovarium basin cingens.
Ovar, lineare cylindraceum biloculare! spatho nempe inter
placentas materia cellulosa, repleto cujus axis vasculosa.
Placentze parum recurvz

Has. Khasyah mts. Dive Oct. llih, 1835. Variat,
foliis angustatus,

ZEschynanthi sp. Pl. CCCCXLI.

Parasitica in arbor. Caulibus scandent. articulatus, articu-
lis tumidis.

Fol. oppositis, breviter petiolatis carnosis lanceolat. vel
lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, subdentatis, dentibus, pur-
purascent. subtus pulcherrime purpureo-pictis nervo me-
dio atro-sanguineo, supra inconspicuo, floribus interdum
solitariis, szepius 2 ad apices ramulorum majusculis, pedicellis
4-gonis petiolis longiora purpurascent.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis lanceolatis zequalibus acuminatis
zstivatione imbricata subaperta. Cor. ringens subinfundi-
bulif. deorsum curvata, tubo calycis longit. fauce ampliata
compressa, limbo 5-fido, laciniis rotundatis, 2 superior mi-
noribus.

Stam. longissime exserta et extrorsum torta fauce in-
serta. Rud. 5-ti centrale, filamenta subulata glanduloso-
pilosa. Connectivum carnosum tubus intus pilosus, pilis su-
bulatis articulatis, articulis basin versus majoribus, cellulis

ASCHYNANTHUS. 157

terminalibus purpureis, summis, strangulatis, multa angus-

tioribus mucronulif,

Anth. subadnatz, (basibus affixe?) biloculari. Pollen

ovat. leve hinc sulcatum apice repandis.

* Discus hypogynus cyathiform. ovar. basin cingens.

Stylus subclavatus glanduloso-pilosis longissime exsertus
deorsum spectans. Stigma peltata integra, medio transverse
foveolata rubra.

Lobis coroll ciliatis, zestivat. imbricat. lobis 2 lateral
exteriorib. 2 superior intermediis, inferiore intimo.

Ovarium (per juvene) 4 loculare breviter stipitat. placentis
. pseudo parietalibus nempe extrorsim productis parietibusque
ovarii adnatis, ovulis plurimis, transversis, radicula hilum
Prope. Capsula utrinque subulata (immatura) longissime
spit. basi toro cyathiforme cincto, viridis maculis purpureis,

loculari

Has. In arborib. Mergue ubique,

The structure of the fruit is evidently as follows.

It is formed of 2 carpellary leaves, the placente of which
meetin the centre, and are reflexed outwards, along the
parietes of the ovarium, to which likewise they adhere. They
Only bear ovules when free. It is 4 celled, because the
axis and spaces between the plates are filled up with cellular
tissue,

Anth, primo perparia apicibus tantum cohærentes, demum
distantes. Cor. carnosa, tubo luteo-viridi, superne rown-
Pink, limbi lobis, fusco-luteis, sanguineo notatis, sepalis `
brunneo-viridescent,

ericarp. immaturum didymum, vel profunde emarginat. e

“atpellis 2 verrucoso.areolatis oblique ascendentibus cons-
fans, ovula ascendentia angulo superior loculorum affixa,
Sed ob directionem loculo nee pendula.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis humidis Madamaca: Nov. 1834.

158 CYRTANDRACES,

SLACKIA.
Slackie sp., Pl. CCCCXXXIII.

Stam. 4 cum rudimento quintus. Stigma subsimplex !
potius subcapitatum. 4
Ovar. sub 4 gonum purpureo-maculatum. * Cor. alba,

stam. ochroleuca.

Legi in collibus Nagensibus prope Nam tuwa, alt. 3500
ped. in ripis umbrosis. Vix occurrit infra alt, 3000 pedum.
Si novum genus Slackia nominandum.

Has. Delvi Nempea, journey from Assam to Ava. March
20th, 1837.

Cyrthandracee, sp. (grandiflora,) Pl. CCCCXXXIV.'

Planta carnosa in humidissima proveniens et vix infra alt.
4000 3500 pedum.

Radices promiscue e caule, fuscescentes. Pet. et pubes-
centia lete viridescens.

Fol. subtus alba, venatio excepta qua læte viridis supra
saturate viridia, venatio v. secondariz prominule presertim
subtus tertiarie subtus conspicue, mutuo anastomosantes,
v. additorie conspicue.

Pedunculi pallidi. Bractez viridescentes. Calyx albidus
vel sanguineo-purp. maculat. Cor. maxima 21 uncialis,
extus pubescens, tubo fere albido, lamina, pulcherrime
cyanea: linee lutez bine late subconfluentes ad basin
lab. inferioris.

ujus generis est planta Mishmeensis, e Deeling.
Grandiflora.

Journey from Assam to Ava. Delvi Khussee Khyoung:
March 15th, 1837.

Cyrthandiacea sp. Pl. CCCCXXXV.

Herba spithamza pedalisve, floribus albis corolla rotata,
folis rugosis hispidis, caule rubescente hispidissimo.

Journey from Assam to Ava, Versus Magoung fluvium,
sylvis umbrosis, 4pril, 1837.

e

CYRTANDRACEZ. 159

Cyrthandiacee, sp. Pl. CCCCXXIX. Fig. 2.

Epiphytica in Gordonia, altitudine 3300 pedum.

Caules fasciculati arcte adhzerentes.

Cortex cinereo-albidus:

Fol. opposita approximata: inferiora rotundata patentiore
superiora ascendentia lanceolata, acuta, carnosa pennivenia
utrinque punctata, subtus albida viridia, supra lutescenti-
viridia.

Alabastro viridescent.

Inflorescentia composita, floribus super primo evolutis.

racteze minutissimze subternz cuique flori, centralis tan-
tum florifera, acumina brunneis setaceis.

Calyx pubescens uti pedicellus.

Corolla ringent infundibuliformis, extus pubescens, tubo
deorsum curvato, labio superiore bifido, fornicatio, inferiore
3-lobo, lobis lateralibus porrectis vel subreflexis, medio re-
flexo, color tubi lete coccineus, vel potius miniatus, lab.
Superior purpureo-tinct. inferiore maculata punctis conflu-
entibus fusco-sanguineis. h i:

Stamina longe exserta (flam sup. breviora) fusco-pur-
purea pubescentia. Anth. biloculares perparia apicibus
puncte et intus geniculato-flexa. Connect. carinoso purpureo
usco. Anth. atrato-purpuree. Staminum quintum mini-
mum. Discus hypogynus circularis lutescens.

Ovar. subcylindraceum. Stylus filiformis fusco-tinctus,
i a capitati-papillosum fere semper destruct. cum stylo.

Oss, Serophularinez distinguuntur alia notu, vix absentia

minis quintus.

Inflorescenta: partiales vero composite monente bractea-

presentia, verisimilites dichotome ut in Acanthaceis
Omnibus,

Hac planta adest etiam in collibus Mishmeensibus.

ourney from Assam to Ava, Yoomsam : Feb, 27th, 1837.

*

160 BIGNONIACEA.

Cyrtandracee sp., Pl. CCCCXXIX. Fig. I.

Epiphytica et pendula exarboribus, fol. supra evenia sub-
tus univenia et pallida,

Caulis ute pubescentia ferruginea. Cor. ringens tubo
mediocri, fauce constricta coccineo-miniata, lamina intus
sanguinea. Anth perparia coherentes, antice livide postice
atrate. Filam. albida ut stylus et stigma.

Cyrtandracee sp. Pl. CCCCXXXIX.
Itinerary notes p. 25, no. 388.
Has. Khasyah mts.

Cyrtandracee sp. Pl. CCCCXXX.
Itinerary notes p. 105, no. 80a.
Has. Bootan.

Cyrtandracee sp.—picta, Pl. CCCCXXXI.
Itinerary Notes p. 43, no. 677.
Has. Khasyah mountains.

BIGNONIACE.

BiaNoNiIA.
Bignonia adenophylla.

Arbuscula cortice cinereo-spongiosa molle, ramulis obtuse
4 gonis, pedunculis petiolis foliisque ferrugineo-tomentosis,
fol. impari-pinnatis 3-jugis, summis tantum 2-jugis, foliolis
difformibus, pari inferiore cordatis czteris ovuto-oblongis,
terminali petiolato, juniori lateralibus minore, seniore multo
majore, repandis breviter acuminatis, lateralibus sessilibus.
Cymis paniculatis, terminalibus multifloris dichotomis. Brac-
teis ferrugineo tomentosis ovatis calycibus densissime ferru-
gineo-pilosis. Cor, extus tomento ferrugineo pallido, ochro-
leuca majore.

BIGNONIA. 161

Cal. campanulatis bilabiatis, lab. super 2-dentat. inf. 3
fido, laciniis sequalib. Cor. campanulata subleathery,
limbo bilabiatim 3 partito tubo basin supra constricta vel
tubi basi ampliata.

Stam. didynama, parte constricta tubo inserta, declinat,
Filam. subulata. Anth. ad apicem filamenti affixe bilo-
cular loculis post dehiscentes divaricatis. Rud. 5to inter
lobos labii superior subulat.

Stylus filiformis, stigma bilamellat.

Ovarium extus, ferrugineo-pilosum in discum peltatum
circulare insidens, biloculare, loculis multi ovulatis placen-
tis incrassatis ad axin angustatis, foramen hilum versus.

Capsula immatura siliqueformis cylindrico-subulata, le-
Viter torta, extus lineis pluribus elevatis, ferrugineo-to-
mentosa glandulis foveolatis interspersis basi calycis persis-
tente stipatum, bilocularis, polysperma. The placentz ar
right and left with respect to the axis. Semina matura non-
dum vidi,

Has. Mergue in sylvis et circa tecta etiam Moulmein in
sylvis, Flores per totum annuum. No. 465.

Bignonia suberosa. Roxb.

Arborea 30 pedalis, fol. bipinnatis, piunulis oppositis in-
ferior 2-jugis cum impari, superiore summo intermedio 1-jugo
cum impari (an pars folia terminalis?) fol. ovata acuminata

Obliqua, integra dentatave, subtus ad nervos pubescent.
t glandulis interspersa.

*aniculis terminalibus cymosis, cymis divaricatissimis. Pe-
dunculis basi tumidis bracteatisque, floribus magnis albis
un ee suavissime odoratis. ; .

» dg brevi campanulata, 5-dentata, dentibus brevibus

Cor, hypocrateriform subbilabiata, tubo longissimo cylin-
e 3i unciali, lab. super. ascendens bipartit. inf. 3-
E lobis lanceolatis, corolle laminam intus velutino-to-
tosa, zestivat, subvalvat,
v

162 BIGNONIACEX.

ami

Stam. 4, didynama fauci inserta, lab. superior approximat.
Rud. quint. minimum setiforme, filam. filiformia lab. su-
periore breviore. Anth. l-locularis, loculo altero minimo
celluloso abortivo, lamina infera cujusque locul. basin ver-
sus processum subulat. gerens, longitud. dehiscente. Stylus
filiform longissimus exsertus, stigma antico postice bilabiat.

Cupula glandulosa integra ovarii basin cingens.

Ovar. bilocul. placentis 2, parietalib. placentis nempe la-
min. vertical. nec ovulifera conjuncta. Ovula 00 placentis
transversis affixis, foramen hilum prope.

Has. Mergue. This is also à. common tree about Cal-
cutta.

MILLINGTONIA.

Millingtonia simplicifolia, Pl. CCCCXLII,

In this plant we have an irregular pentasepalous calyx,
the outer sepal being the smaller and very similar to the
bractea, a tripetalous corolla, each squamiferous in the centre, -
two fertile stamina and a cleft disc. surrounding the ovary,
this disk being deficient at the point alternating with the two
fertile stamina. There is thus a high degree irregularly
existing in the conformation of the flowers of this genus,
the calyx being the only exception, at least so far as re-
gards its component parts. The corolla is to be explained
evidently by the coalition of four petals into two, and this
is demonstrated by the size and obliquity of the single one
and (to a certain degree) by its venation in the compound
ones, the line corresponding to the line of union is vascular.

This at once reduces the situation of the stamina t9
their proper places, viz. opposite the sepals, and this is
further corroborated by the evidently lateral situation of
that which is attached to the single and smaller petal, 1
and which is one-celled by abortion. oe

We have however still to explain the relative site of the

MILLINGTONIA. 168

parts composing the disk ; the teeth of which as particularly
pointed out by the single one are opposite the sepals. "This
can only be explained by the supposition, that the interme-
diate series is either altogether wanting or represented by
the tooth like appendages of the scales.

This is most likely the true nature of these bodies, it is
at once evident that such appendages are opposite to the
compound petals, and further there is but one developed
opposite the smaller petal. Of the nature of the bifid scales
attached to the back of the fertile filaments, I am at a
loss; are they analogous to the tooth-like processes, in
which case they would belong to the sterile filaments,
with which however they do not separate.

Granting the above teeth to represent the intermediate

Series, the male organs are normally situated, and ought

to be 15,

The ovary is two celled, the cells are anticous and posti.
cous. The above view is quite distinct from that entertained
by Wight and Arnott, to which a greater degree of objection

t exists in the fact, that their bifid petals are opposite the

mnermost sepals, while they have no analogy either of
Structure or situation with the three orbicular petals.

I am not sufficiently acquainted with other genera of the
arder, to form an opinion of the true nature of the appen-
dages of fertile stamina.

The views of the authors of the Prod. Fl. Pen. Ind.
Orient. were it not for the opposition of the fertile fila-
Ments to the interior sepals, would square well with the
alternation of the teeth of the disk, the single petal is
anticous,

l. Alabastrum just before expansion.

la. Ditto,

2,3, Flowers,

|. & Inner view of compound petal and its scale.
4a. Same to shew the venation.
Ditto, simple petal, its one-celled scale and one tooth.

164 BIGNONIACE.E,

5a. Ditto ditto.

6. Stamen outer view of.

6a. Inner ditto. 65. lateral.

7. Pollen, opaque.

7a. Viewed in water.

8. Ovarium and calyx.

8a. Ditto calyx removed.

9, Ovarium.

9a. Ditto longitud. section.

95. 'Transverse.

10. Ovula with portion of the filament, the filaments pro-
bably are connected with fecundation.

11. Partium situs et alternatio, this must be so modified as
to make the single petal anticous; the three forming .
this angle with the axis.

Opss. It is not improbable that the Malyan Millingtonex
are distinct from the India ones, at least from M. sim-
plicifolia.

Dr. Jack's explanation of the structure of M. Sumatrana
appears to me perfectly correct as regards the petals and
staminia, the 3 large petals, being equilateral, equally veined ;
although rather unequal in size, and the two smaller being
similarly central veined, and attached precisely to the bases
of the fertile staminia, as the barren ones are to the larger
petals.

With the Malyan plant, I only hesitate about the calyx,
which I find to be 3-4 sepalled imbricately, the pedicels
being 1, 2, bracteate, I see no difference in the venation of
the sepals.

I would rest the distinction temporarily upon the fact of
the estivation of the large patals being nearly valvate, it is 80
along 2 of the 3 edges on the zquilaterality of the big petals,
on the entireness of the smaller ones, or the want of auricule
to the base of the barren anthers, and on the dehiscence of
the anthers which is curious, and of the reflexed valve.

———m

MILLINGTONIA. 165

I have only examined imperfect specimens of the Malayan
plant.

That any linear organ may have a mesial process, I think it
is pointed out by the involucre of Hibisc. surattensis, in the
earlier stages of which no trace exists of the subsequent
well developed liguliform internal central process.

Which is in the calyx an analogus to what takes place in
the corolla of certain Bytneriaceze Guazuma etc.

This has the same simple development by points from a
terminal discoid cellular mass.

The situation of the scale or appendage of either fertile
flament is the reverse of that which takes place in the
Simarubacee and Zygophyllee, see Lindley Introd. Nat.
Orders, p. 129, 133, hence if they represent portions of an
additional series of stamina, in Millingtonia they would be-
long to the lst, and in the two orders above cited to the

ird and fourth series, as in these two orders there is
great probability that such is their present nature.

ranting their nature to be the same in Millingtonia and

ing the suppression of two petals, we shall have an
attempt made at the development’ of four series of stamina,
we must suppose the suppression of one intermediate series
Which should be opposite to the petals namely 4th. In this
“ew the first series consists of two abortive stamina, the
Second of two abortive do. but more developed; the third of
two fertile Stamina opposite two sepals, 4th wanting, 5 op-
Posite the sepals,

But this vie
Scales, which

Who have written on this group or genus.

Tam aware, that there is another mode of explaining the
aructure, Which however does not take into account, the
-, "ar bodies, to which from the fact, tbat it is single, at-
aller petal, I attach much importance by al-
the suppression of two petals, and the total suppres-
the fourth series of stamina.

w does not explain the nature of the denticular
seem to have escaped the notice of all authors

Sion of

166 PEDALIACE2.

On the whole my view is liable to fewer exceptions, nor
do I see any reason, why a filament should not become
processiferous.

If they are stamina, then the 1st series is reduced to two,
the 2nd is complete and represented by the denticular bodies,
and the normal number hence will be 25, the third is com-
plete, the 4th wanting, the 5th complete in number but not
in function.

PEDALIACE.E.
SESAMUM,

Sesamum orientala,

Cal. subæqualiter et profunde 5-partit. persistens.

Cor. campanulata, tubo basi superne gibbo limbo sub-
bilabiato crenulato lobo 1 tantum porrecto.

Stam didynama ad partem gibbum insert. filam subulat.
inclusa. Anth. basibus affixe, bilocul. longit. dehiscent,

Stylus filiformis inclusus, Stigmata 3, acuta lineari-lanceo-
lata. Discus hypogynus annuliformis, ovarium basin cingens.

Ovarium extus glanduloso hispid. 3-loculare interdum su-
perne 6-loculare, septis 9, multo magis tenuibus forsan
spuriis e nervo dorsali folior. carpellorum completis incom-
pletisve ortis.

Ovulis plurimis 1-serialibus, si septa 6, 2; si 3, transversis
vel ascendentibus, foramen hilum prope.

Sem. obovata tegumento duplici. aibumine parco carnoso
oleaso. ^ Radicula brevis subulata hilo versa, cotyledones
planz, plumula inconspicua.

Dehiscentia loculicida. Herbacea viscosa pubescens.

Foliis lanceolato-linearibus subintegris, acutis floribus
albis maculis rubris, aspectu Digitalis, axillaribus breviter
pedicellatis, solitariis. Bracteis setaceis 2 ad basin pedi-
cellorum, fructibus pubescent. erectis, obtuse 3-gonis.

MARTYNIA, 167

Oss. Jussieu's explanation of the additional cells being
formed from the inflexion of the middle nerve is certainly
applicable to Sesamum.

Has. Culta circa Mergue ob oleum. No. 474.

Marrynia.
Martynia diandra.

Flos. suffultus bracteis 2 ovato-oblongis subpetaloideis
subascendentibus.

Sepal. 5, lineari-lanceolata, 2 inferiora majora, 3 superiora,
quorum intermedia intima duplo fere minora.

Cor, infundibuliformi-bilabiata tubo basin versus gracile,
fauce ventricoso. Lamina 5-loba, lobis rotundalis 2 superiori-
bus (estivatione exterior) minorib. quinto et antico majore.

Stam. 5, inclusa, 3 superiora sterilia summo minimo, 2 in-
feriora fertilia, Anth. loculi divaricatissimi paralleli, perparia
contigue,

Pollen album globosum glabrum.

Stylus filiformis basi subulat. Stigma bilamellat lamella
inferiore majore.

var. globosum toro ipsius formam mentiente insidens

biloculare, pseudo-4 loculares ob placenta contiguam loculis
pariete exteriori ovarii. Placentæ separabiles omnino ut in
Verbenaceis quibusdam (et Cyrtandraceis) bivolutatæ, ovulis
Pendulis, foramen hilum prope. Fig. II. Pl. CCCCXLII.
Fructus penduli ovato-cymbiformes, apice conico incur-
vato, stylo marcesco apiculat. bilocul, pseudo 4-loculares.
Drupacea endocarpio carpio osseo.
Semina pendula, Testa laxa mucilaginosa cellulosa exal-
i ‘nosa membrana interna tenuissima embryonem ves-
ens,

Embryo radicula obtuse supera. Cotyled. planiuscule
basin versus 3-nervim. Plumula inconspicua.

Han, Bengal Serampore : Augt. 20th, 1837.

168 VERBENACES.

Oss. Inflorescentia racemosa, an subpaniculata, bracted
inflorescenteze ramulum suffultiens, petiolat. petaloid.
Genus, flore ovulisque Gesnereaceis. Sect Cyrthandraceis
accidente. ovario, placentatione, et fructu Verbenaceis.
Folia opposita, Clerodendracez.

LENTIBULACE,

UTRICULARIA.

Utricularia albiflora, Gr.

Aphylla spithameea, caulibus simplicibus filiformibus,
squamigeris, floribus racemosis albis, labio inferiore ma-
cula lutea. Racemis terminalibus paucifloris. Pedicellis
basi 3-bracteatis calcare conigo-acuta, lab. inferiore paulum
longiore.

Has. In aquosis arenosis. Mergue: July, 1834.

Utricularia lilacina. :

Aphylla, | spithamzea radicib. ? fibrosis, caule terete apicem
versus angulato squamigero. Racemo terminali paucifloro,
floribus dipissitib lilacino-czeruleis, lab. infer. macula lutea,

macula lineis 5 ceruleis notata, lab. sup. basin versus.

lineis 4 ezeruleis, sepalis æqualibus acutis, lab. super. emar-

ginato, infer medio elevato subintegro, calcare conico subu-

lato dem St labii inferior. Pedunculis fructiferis erectis.
Has. In aquosis Kulweng. Mergue: Aug. 1834.

VERBENACEA,
Verbenacee Malayane.

Cor. infundibuliform, sequaliter 4-partita.
Stam. 4 fauci angustati in annula inserta, vix exserta.
Stylus conicus stigma bifidum non exsertum,

pnm

169

CLERODENDRUM.
1. Clerodendrum viscosum.

Suffruticosa 4-pedalis, pubescenti-pilosa, foliis cordatis,
acuminatis, distanter serratis serraturis mucronatis. Panicu-
lis amplis terminalibus cymosis, dichotomis. ^ Calycis se-
palis, foliaceis, ovatis subzqualib. Cor. tubo calyce
paulo brevior, pubescentia purpurea, limbo 5-partito laci-
niis extus pubescent seorsum inclinatis. Stam. longissim.
Anth. atro-purpurea.

Floribus suaviter odoratis.

In ruderatis Mergue: Mergue Herb. no. 677. Nov. 1834.
In iisdem lacinis Moulmein copiosa.

Ovarium typum Cyrthandraceum, evolutione sequitur car-
pella antica posticaque. Fig. 20, Pl. CCCCLVIII.

2. Clerodendrum splendidum.

Erectum basin suffruticosum caulibus 4-angularibus, pro-
funde 4-sulcatis angulis rotundatis.

Fol. longissime petiolatis palmative 5-lobis, basi profunde
cordatis, lobis acutis terminali maximo subcrenato repan-

dis. Petiolis ad articulos tumidis, Pilis ciliatis inter pe-
08.

Inflorescentia, terminalis cymoso-paniculata, cymis in~
fernis foliis floralibus suffultis, superioris bracteis foliaceis
petiolatis, spathulatis ovatis, petiolis nempe coccineis, ut
tota fere inflorescentia. Cymis dichotomis, inferior longi-
oribus adeoque inflorescentia pyramidalem fit. Pedunculis
eae calycibus, corollarum tubis et genilatibus coc-

-" aurantiaceis, limbo corolle ochroleuco-carneum, fauce
oo. Staminibus sepius arcte deflexis interdum

: tis ? Stylo deflexo.

P*elés pulehe rima, Nomen aptum, quamvis charac-
e. jus nescio. Ut Tavoy circa crescit hanc plantam

*Plendidum Wall. esse haud dubito.

k 48. In ruderatis circa Mergue, July, Augusi, 1834.
ergue Herb, 78,

w

170 VERBENACKA.

3. Clerodendrum densiflorum.

Basi suffruticosa, erecta ramosa 4, 5 pedalis. Foliis longe
petiolatis infernis cordatis acuminatis subintegris basi 3-
neryus, nervo medio ad basin utrinque l-glanduloso (glandulo
e 4 confertis callosis composito) sublente utrinque punctulat.
subtus ad nervos tenuissime velutinis.

Cymis axillaribus terminalibusque aggregatis corymbum
densiflorem mentientibus, floribus albis. Cor. tubus rectus
longissimus in laciniarum marginibus revolutis staminibus
longiss. exsertis, stylum longe superant. Anth. cæruleo
livide. Cal. glandulosis fructifer amplectus, ruber subcar-
nosusque. :

Capsula atro-czrulea, baccata 4 sperma. Sem. nigrescentia
angulato. Albumine 0. Radicula brevis infera.

Has. Frequent Mergui in M rii florem, July to Nov.
Merge Herb. 79.

~ A. Clerodendrum affine.

Frutex 8-10 pedalis, subsimplex, caulibus sub 4-gonis
adpressa pubescent. Fol. cordatis acuminatis subintegris
tactu mollibus. Paniculis terminalibus subpyramidatis thyr-
soideis bracteatis, bracteis foliaceis, lutescent, floribus paf-
vis albis fauce rubescente laciniis subascendentibus. Stam,
longissime. Anth. atro-purpureæ.

Has. In aquosis intra Kulweng et Mergue: Dec. 1834.
C. viscoso valde affine. Typus formationes carpelli Cyrthan-
draceus.

5. Clerodendri sp.

Cal. tubo subcylindraceo, limbo erecto 5-dentato.

Cor. hy pocraterif, tubo longo gracilis laciniz zequaliter ?
patentis 5to majore et profundiore (estivatione) extimo.

Stam. didynama longe exserta, estiv. introflexa, (2 inferior
longior. Anth. oblong sinu affixe, biloculi, longit. debis-

cent.

CLERODENDRUM. 171

Stylus filiformis exsertus. Stigma bifid. acutum (that is the
style) is bifid, but the stigmatic surfaces are prolonged be-
yond them into 2 acute points, (Fig. IV. Pl. CCCCXLVIIL.)
stigma rather the biggest.

Stigmatic canal with long cells of exceeding fine tubes
containing large granules, generally of the diameter of the
tube.

Orula 4 appensa. Ovar. l-celled (the placentz not united)
in the axis, placeatation as usual.

Fructus with as many lobes or furrows as pyrene basi ca-
lyce varie fisso cinctis baccatus 4 pyrenaceus. Pyrene formed
by endocarp. 4-locularis. ?

Seeds 1, 4, often abortive appensed. Tegument cellulo-
membranous.

Has. Malacca. Cotyledons, plano-convexiuscule radicle
inferior,

6. Clerodendri sp. Pl. CCCCXLV.

Calyx 5-partitus amplus, demum carnosus ampliatus.

Cor. Unilabiata hypocraterif.

Stamina deorsum. curvata longe exserta. Anth. sagittato-
ovate, bilocul. longit dehisc. Pollen purpurasc.
Stylus arcte sursum curvatus vel declinatissimus.

Stigmata 2, setacea.

Ov. l-loculare, Placentis revolutis, biovulatis ovulis pen-
dalis, appensis.

Fractus calyce ampliato cinctus.

Infloresc, dichotoma. Pedicelli clavati apicem infra articu-
lati! ZEstivatio discrepans from other Verbenacez, lobo dex-
tro, (dorso spectans) lab. superior omnino interiore.

‘I. Alabast,

2. Expanded flower.

3. Corolla laid open. _

1. Corolla before expansion, lacinie cut away to shew the

` Packing of the genitalia.

173 VERBENACEE.

5. Anther back view.

6. Ditto front.

7. Ditto after dehiscence.

8. Back view of do.

9. Pollen in water.
10. Ditto after rupture which soon takes place.
11. Ovary transverse section of.

Ditto long section parallel to the carpella.
13. Pistilum, sepals cut away, style generally ascending.
14. Base of style.

15. Stigmata.
16. Placenta extracted with the ovule somewhat bent back
to shew their insertion.
17. Pistillum after fecundation back of a carpellum laid
open, shewing the situation of the ovula.
18. Ovulum before fecundation no distinction of coats.
19. Ovule after fecund, a testa and nucleus combined; 64,
embryonary sac globular above, in toto clavato, c hilum.
20. Ovule more advanced, d embryo. The embryonary
sac is generally bilobed at the apex, here it is membran-
. ous but not so much as at its globular base, the bilobed
apex does not become filled with cellular tissue.
21, 22. Embryonary sacs shewing the bilobed apex ! and
membranous and membrano-cellular nature.
23. Ovary and base of style.
23a. ovulum of do. some time after expansion of the flower,
excavation of the embryonary sac already commenced.
Oss. The situation of the flowers in Volkameria is certainly +
reversed, neither can I yet tell what is the cause of this.

The 5th petal being certainly next the axis. "That the fissure

by which the corolla is rendered unilabiate is carried thro’

the 2 petals corresponding to the upper lip of other plants
of the Order is proved, ist by the zstivation and 2nd by
the situation of the stamina.

There is certainly some difference between the sestivation

[m
d

m— R^

CALLICARPA. 173

of this Order, and of Labiatz, one lobe of the upper lip of
Volkameria being altogether interal.

It must be remembered that under Vitex, Brown says that
Hosta is allied to Vitex, but that is totally different from
Cornutia which is very nearly allied to ZEgiphila, but both
these genera are included in Verbenaces by Bartling and
Lindley.

CALLICARPA.

Callicarpe lanata, R. Fl. Ind. 1, 391. Pl. CCCCXLVIII,
Fig. II.

The genus is allied in placentation to Avicenia, Vitex, and the
involuerate genera. This placentation is remarkable and is
analogous to that of Cyrthandracez, but differs in bearing
definite ovula.

The pollen appears to have only one furrow.

Flowers purple, odoriferous.

JEstivation involuta et alternatem conduplicata connec.
tion partibus czeteus glandulosuis.

l. Alabastrum.
1 2. Flower, usually tetramerous.
3. Corolla laid open.

4. Anther posteriorly.
5. Ditto anteriorly.
6. Pollen opaque.
| * Ditto in water (iterum examinandum.)
© $ Calyx and Pistillum.

% 9. Pistillum,

10. Ovary transverse section.

ll, Ovary long section between the carpella.

12. Ditto exterior of a corpellum laid open.

13a. Ovule and portion of Placenta.

i : Fasciculate and ramous pubsescence, the former being a
E M. contraction of the latter,
.. "T Aistivation of corolla,

= Bamo, April 30th, 1837.

174 VERBENACES,
PREMNA.

Premne sp.

Cal. brevis tubo obconico, dentibus 4 rotundatis.

Cor. bilabiat. (tubo cylindraceo) lacinie 3 subzquales, 4th
antica (or posticous segment of 2? central vein smaller and
shortest not so in others,) majore porrecta upper segment
entire or bifid, outermost in estivation.

Stam. didynama, fauci inserta, Anth. breviter exsert. sub-
reniformes sinu affixz, rima longitudine vix complete dehis-
cent.

Stylus filiformis bifidus, lacinia intus stigmatos revolutis.

Ovarium biloculare, the parietes produced inwards, as far
as the placente. Ovula cuique loculo 2, pendula.

Inflorescente terminatis corymbusi,

Has. Malacca.

CONGEA.

Congea vestita, Gr. Pl. CCCCLVIII. Fig. 21.

Scandens, fruticosa, ramis teretibus petiolis foliis utrinque
paniculisque pilis pallide ferragineis hispidissimis, foliis ovato-
oblongis breve petiolatis, acutis subintegris tactu scabris.

Paniculis terminalibus etin axillis foliorum summorum
floribus capitulato-umbellatis, umbellis longius pedunculatis,
infimis ex axillis foliorum alternis conformum sed minorum,
superis ex axillis folior floralium cordato-ovutis mucronatis,
sericeo-niveis.

Capitulor. involucris 3-phyllis, foliis ovatis, venoso-reticu-
latis obtusis, subtus concavis, niveo-sericeis, umbellis 5-7

floris.

Pedicellis brevibus, calycibus pilis sericeis longis hispi-

dissimis. t g
Cor. parviuscula ex albo-rosacea, brunneo striato preeset-

tim lab. superius,

DECADONTIA. 175

Cal. subinfundibulif. 5 fidus laciniis ovatis erectis, apicu-
latis :estivatione valvatis, fauce inflata, cor. tubo filiforme
cylindrico calyce paulo superante deorsum curvat. limbo bila-
biat 5-fida porrecto, lab. super 2-fido, inferior 3-fido, laciniis
reflexis faux intus pilosa.

Stam. 4-didynama longissima exserta, flexuosa filam
fülforme hinc inde substrangulat. ^ fusco-purpurascent.
Anth. terminales bilocul. atro-brunnes, subversital. locu-
lis medium versus et secus marginem superior dehiscent.
Pollen pallide ochroleuco miniat. leve lanceolat. hinc sulcat.

Stylus longissimus flexuosus fusco-purpurascens. Stigma

| subsimplex. :
_ Ovarium apice glandulosum 2-loculare, obsolete 4-loculare,
placentis nempe extrorsum inter ovula productis et parietes
capsulz fere attingentis, sed nec adnate, "n 2-ovulatis,
ovulis pendulis, dissepimento spurio disjunctis.

Ovar. ideo e typo Cyrthandraceo efformat. ovulis apice
membranaceis et foraminatis. i

Æstivat. imbricato. lab. super. infer involvens, Char. Spren-
£elii erroneus ait gemum 4-loculare.

Has. Mergue. Mergue Herb. 898.

DECADONTIA.
Decadontia cerulescens.

Frutex scaudens, ramulis 4-gonis hirtis. Fol. oppositis, ob-
longo lanceolat, acuminatis cum mucrona subintegra, subtus
Presertim, ad nervos pubescent. Inflorescentia capitato-
Tacemosa, racemis paniculat. ^ Pedunculis 4-gonis, hirtis.
Involucro 6-phylla subcapitulo quoque, foliolis lineari-spa-
thulatis hirtis patentissimis capitulis danse subseptem flo-
ns, floribus fusco-ochroleucis, parviusculis, odoratissimis,

: ea.

Cal. infundibuliform pubescens, 5-dentat., dentibus ovatis

: suas sinubus in processubus subulatis extrorsum produc-
Us, astivat, valvat,

po * VERBENACEJE, :

Cor. infundibulif. tubo calyce breviora, 5-partit. laciniis
oblongis obtusis patentis zstivatione imbricatis, faux pilosa,
pilis. purpurascent.

Stam 5 faucei inserta libera laciniis corollinis alternant.
longe exserta. Filam. subulata. Anth. versat. reniform-
hippocrepidiformi biloculari, longitud. dehiscentes.

Pollen albidum oblongum hinc sulcat. 00, liberum dense
pilosum, stylus filiformis, pallidissime czruleus, stamina

Ovarium 2-loculare loculis incompleti spurieque bilocellatis
placentis nempe extrorsum et inter ovula product. et parietes
capsule attingentibus sed nec accretis, ovula 2 cuique loculo;
ovula pendula ab apicibus placentam foramen infera ad apicem.

Has. In syl, circa Mergue: Jan. 1835. Mergue Herb.
No. 903. T

Stam. 2 inferior longiore, super, breviore.

Congee valde affinis, ob habitu et structura placentam
omnino similis, discrepans, calycis sinubus extrorsum pro-
ductis. Cor. regular. Stam. 5, antheram forma et dehis-
centia. Pili faucis repand. nec vere moniliformes, an Sphe-
nodesma pentandra. Roscoea pentandra. Roxb. Icones.

BRACHYNEMA.
Brachynema ferruginea.

. Frutex scandens ramis senioribus exceptis toto breve fer-
rugineo tomentosa. Fol. oppositis breve petiolatis ovuli-ob-
Jongis, breve acuminatis, integris subrepandis tactu submolli-
bus, basi subcordatis. Inflorescentia capitultata, capitulis race-
mosis 7-floris, racemis axillaribus terminalibus, folia excedent.

Capitulis involucro 6-phylla cinctis, foliolus spathulato-
ovatis in petiolis attenuatis, patentibus.

Cal. tubolosus bilabiat. labio utroque integro.

Cor. bypocraterif. tubo calycis longitudine faux pilis clausa,

PERONEMA, , 177

laciniis 5 linearibus acutis pubescentibus patentibus zestiva-
tione imbricatis, tubo intus villosissimo.
tam, 5, medio tubo inserta, libera, laciniis corollinis alter-

nant. inaequalia, 2 longiora, 2 breviora l centrali intimeo
filam. brevia.

Anth. ovatz bilocul. longit. dehiscentes, inclusz. Pollen
oblongum leve hinc sulcatum.

Stylus brevissimus, stigma bilobum, subcapitat.

Ovar. ferrugineo- pilosum, biloculare, loculis 2-ovulatis, ovu-
lis pendulis ab apice placente, foramen ad apicem inferum.

Has. In sylvis Mergue: Jan. 1835. No. 938.

Decadontiz proximum, sed calyce bilabiat. Cor. hypocra-
terif. fauceque villosa, Staminibus inclusis, antheris connec-
tivo sub o, per totam longitud. dehiscent. Stylo sub o, valde
distinct,

Placentz intra ovulam nec product. Dixi ob filam. brevia,
in Congez, Decadontiaque longe exserta.

PERONEMA.
Peronema canescens.

Arbor. Fol. oppositis impari-pinnatis, foliolis lanceolatis vel
oblongo-lanceolatis caudato-acuminatis, integris concavis sub-
tus albidis, alternis vel suboppositis. Petiolis supra planus
utrinque conspicue alatus, alis occupying whole spaces be-
tween the leaves, not truly decurrent. .

Panicula terminalis ampla, e cymis partialibus in corymbos
Secondaria disposit. pubescens, terminalis, Tectona formis.

Flores minuti albi.

, yx tubus campanulat. ad medium 5-partit. laciniis patu-

; cemum immulatis, 2 infimis paullo majoribus.

Cor. extus pubescens tubo subinfundibulif. calyce parum
longior, bilabiata, lacinim 4 superiores calycine subzequales,

quinto longior duplo porrecto petaloideo.
Stam, 2, filam. robusta subulata zstivat. introflexa,
x

178 VERBENACEA,

Anth. magne biloculares, reniformi-oblonge, sinu afixa
longitud. dehiscent.

'The two lower ones are developed. Stam. superiora 2, ad
rudim. filam. reducta.

Stylus filiformis basi et intus pilosus, stigma subsimplex
subulata, subulo refracto.

Ovarium rotundato-cordatum, apicem dense pilosum, bilocu-
lare, loculis. more solito biovulatis, — enclosed in partial
cells from recurved placenta, ovula p

Section of Ovary. Fig. III. Pl. Dm

Has. Malacca.

Oss. As the ovarium increases the calyx is forced to spread
out, it is now pubescent, in all the exposed part marked by 4
lines converging to the cicatrix of the style and simulating well
a Boragineous fruit. The placentz have become fleshy, and
the proper cells of the ovula, quite complete (except adhe-
sion.)

This is evidently the Peronema canescens of Jack, who
describes the ovary as 4-celled, and the ovules as erect, in
which case a greater degree of affinity with Teetona would
be manifested; he also describes the wing of the petiole as
decurrent, i. e. derived from the leaflets.

The inflorescence and aspect of the young fruit, is exactly
that of Tectona, so is the appearance of the under surface
of the leaves, although these perhaps are not siliceous. 1t
osculates directly between the Vitex section and Tectona do.

Vitex.

Vitex gamosepala.

Arbor. mediocris.

Fol. trifoliata, foliolis lanceolatis acuminatis venatio
apocyneoid.

‘Cymis axillaribus foliis multo brevior.

Cal. tubo brevi bilabiat, labio super majore integro inferiore
bipartito extus.

a

GMELINA. 179

Cor. tubo anguste infundibulif. glandulosus calyce fere
duplo longior. bilabiat., labio super. bifido erecto reflexo
infer. 3-lobo, annulus pilorum ad medium tubi, Stam. 4
vix didynama, filam. subulatis robustis basi pubescent.

Stylus longitud. stamin., stigma bifidum subzequal.

Anth. biloculares narrow horse-shoe-shaped, filam. inserti in
sinus. Cells not quite all along the inner margins of the
curve, so that the anthers are mucronate at the base. See
Fig. II. Pl. CCCCXLVIII.

Cor. extus glandulosa, in zstivat. the upper lip is outer-
most, lower lip middle lobe innermost.

Has. Malacca at Ching Rhingull.

Oss. The upper lip of the calyx which is glandular out-
side, is made up of 3, it often presents faint obsolete traces of
composition, sometimes decided. The venation is too irre-
gular to decide the point.

In this respect it differs from Vitex, but not always unless
indeed the anthers and stigma or fruit present corresponding
differences,

GMELINA.
Gmelina arborea, Pl. CCCCXLIII.

_ Arbor mediocris ligno duro.
Flores ante folia evoluti. Inflorescentia vero dichotoma.
muli sub 4-goni maculis albis.
. Upper Burmah Nulloboom. March 27th, 1837.
2. Gmeline sp.

Frutex vel arbuscula, ramulis foliisque subtus cano-tomen-
sis,

Spinis divaricatis axillar. (pedunculis efformatis) armat.
Fol. oppos. suboppositisve. ovatis vel obovatis, sub-
distichis,

Panieulis racemiform, interd, racemi axillaribus tenuibus,
folia Subzequant,

180 VERBENACE®.

Flores cernui majusculi lutei subsecundi. Bracteus folia-
ceus lanceolati-deciduus.

Cal. infundibuliformis, ore obseleti 4-dentato.

Cor. infundibul. bilabiata (ringens) tubo calyce duplo
longiore, angusto, fauce ampliata, lamina 4-loba, lobis 3 sub-
sequal. latis reflexis, 4 antica multo majore porrecto. Aistiva-
tion, the upper or central lobe of upper lip outermost, lower
innermost.

Stam. 4 didynama fauce.inserta, pari infero duplo major,
Filam. deorsum curvatum, connectiv. carnos. horse-shoe-
shaped. Cells linear napa the border of the flat side,
attachment in the sinus.

Stylus subulatus rather longer than the longer stamina,

similarly curved. Stigma bifid. lacinia infera, duplo major.

Style articulated on the top of the ovary. Ovarium 4-locu-
lare, placenta sepalisque cruciate, ovula pendula.

Ovarium ut videtur interdum biloculare, ovulis 1-cuique
loculo, in this case all the cells are opposite and only one
stigmatic lobe, and l vasc. fascicle to the style.

Fructus, basi calyce spathacea fisso, circumcinct, subro-
tundus, basi subobliquis luteis. Sarcocarp. crassum, baccatum ;
odore peculiar ingrati. Pyrena 1, ossea obovata, thick ex-
ceedingly hard, 4-locularis, loculis 2-3 effzetis.

Sem, pendula tegument tenue brunneo, albumen 0. Coty-
ledones plano-convexe, radicula infera brevissime.

Has. In thickets, Malacca in flower all the year.

Cal. infundibulif. 4 dentato.

Cor. infundib. bilabiat. labio super, 3-lobo, (reflexo) infer
integro porrecto.

Stam. 4, didynama, connectiv. hippocrepidif. Ovar. 4-
locul. 4-ovulat. ovula pendulis. Stigma bifidum excavata.
Drupe, pyrena 1-4 loculare, 1-3 sperma, loculis 2-3 effztis.
Sem. pendula, exalbuminos,

It is of the same ovarial structure as Tectona.

Oss, I do not like the subdivisions of Bartling as given in

SPHENODESMA, 181

Lindley's Nat. Orders. Verbenee is perhaps natural, but
the involucrate genera, of which at least three genera exist,
will form a very distinct section. Attention must be paid to
the inflorescence which in many is truly dichotomous.

Gmelina cannot be associated with Vitex ete. on account
of its unlobed fruit.

Augst. St. Hilaire is quite wrong in his assertion as to all
except Avicennia having erect ovula. Brown on the con-
tray is quite right.

In this order the 5th stamen never? occurs in a rudimen-
tary state, althongh it often does in its perfect state. This
affords a diagnosis between it, add Bignoniacea, which other-
wise might (wAile in flower) be confounded, that is, if the
ovary be not examined. This is highly curious ; because from
the tendency towards dichotomy that exists one would have
imagined that the 5th stamen would be more developed than
any of the others.

In all Verbenacez the foramen is very indistinct, in the
Présent genus even at a very early period and when the co-
rolla about equals the calyx, there is no trace of any integu-
ments, and just before expansion, it has the same appearance
of a simple fleshy body.

SPHENODESMA.

1. Sphenodesma pentandra. Gr.

Frutex scandens, oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis, supra
lucidis glabris, 24 inches long.

Floralibus pallidis subalbidis multo minoribus,
. Capitulis axillaribus, pedunculatis, 6-bracteatis, bracteis
Involueris in modo dispositis lineari-spathulatis obtusis, albidi
Teticulatim venosis,

es 7 cuique capitulo, 6 ex axillaribus bracteari-involu-

erive, Septimo centrali, terminali nudo.

Cal. Subinfundibulif, submembranacea, ore 5-dentato, sinu-

ticulis totidem auctis extrorsum quasi plicatis. —

182 VERBENACE2.

Cor. calyce 3 longior infundibulif. subregularis laciniis 5,
patente reflexa fauce villosissima colore plumbeo-viridis, faucis
barbe azurei.

Stam. 5 exserta 2 exteriora (inferiore) paullo longiora,
Filam. subulata alba.

Anth. ambitu subtrigonz crescentiformi, medio versus
affixam. Connect. carnos. cellulos. papillos., loculis divari-
cantibus adnatis. Stylus stamina subzquans, teretiuscule
lilacinus glaber apice bifidus ramis oblique truncatis apice
stigmatosis.

Ovarium dense hispidum pilis pallide ferrugineis 2-locu-
lare.

Placenta centralis thickened ex hujus apicem discoideo-
ovula 4 nucleariform pendula, an extrant angle on either
side divides the ovula of each cell from each other, and as
this reaches the wall of the cell, the ovary becomes in a
sense, 4-locular.

Has. Malacca: June 1842.

Oss. An elegant shrub hair of faux stupose and fragrance
very pleasant, upper 2 lacinie of corol. are outermost, 5th
innermost, that of calyx open.

Each branch of the style has its own canal.

It is more Verbenaceous in its pistillum than in any other

art.

Considerable time elapses between the expansion of all
the flowers, the central one is most precocious.

2. Sphenodesma triflora. Gr.

Ramuli ferrugineo-lepidoti.

Folia ovato-lanceolata quasi pendula, obtusa, glabra, co-
riaciuscula integra, venis 2 durus paucissimis arcuatim nexis,
interveniis inconspicue areolatis. Paniculis axillaribus ef
terminalibus, altogether ample, ramulis (ultimis) oppositis,
floris, flora centrali nudo precociore, laterali 3-bracteatis,
bracteis lineari-spathulatis, calycem excedent. centrali major
inflorescentia grisea, fl. parvi sanguineo-purpur.

——

(th

SPHENODESMA. 183

Calyx infundibuliform leviter 10-striatus griseus, 5-den-
tibus erectis.

Cor. infundib. tubo calycis longitudine, 5-partita laciniis
reflexo-patent. subcordatis with a slight disposition to 3 labia-
tion, line of coloration abrupt along the faux.

Stam. 5 alternant. fauci inserta, filam. atropurpureis, subu-
latis erectis, 2 superior vel posticis paullo brevior, Anth. longe
exsertæ oblong, basi bilobæ, sinu affixz, biloculari, longit.
dehiscentes.

Stylus albus staminibus } longior declinatus. Stigma bifi-
dum acutum. Annulus pilorum tenuis ad insertion. filamentor.

Ovarium oblongum glabrum apicem parce glandulosum
biloculare, loculis 2-ovulatis, ovula pendula, divided from each
other by a process of the placenta which reaches to the wall
of the cell, where it is truncate. ovules reaching quite to
the fundus,

Pollen ovato-oblongum glabrum, 1-3 plicatum. Ova
With the base surrounded inside by a series of erect calycine
hairs,

Nothing can shew more clearly than these instances, that
the ovarium in all is unilocular at the apex; the placenta, if
its apex is alone considered, is really Santalaceous.

Although the involucre is generally small, yet the lower
"T of some panicles here and there are as large as ordi-
marily happens, in all, the flowers are 3 only, and this is the
only species in which there is no correspondence between
© flowers and the involucrate leaves, those being to these
all others equal plus one.
inflorescence in this species is freely cymose, the
lateral flowers in each of the dichotomes being wanting, we
May hence expect 1-flowered pluri-involucrate inflorescences.

Sphenodesma tridora. Cymis trifloris, floribus laterali tri-

in

“yan name Aloor Gagah.

.. Has. Malacca at Verupha.

184 VERBENACE.E.
HEMIGYMNIA.

Tectona has rotate quite regular Cordia, or Ehretia-
like flowers. 'The stamina are quite equal, and regularly
exserted. The anthers are likewise equal, although of a
form admitting of divarication of the cells.

The calyx, looks Verbenaceous in Campanula and regular,
rather deeply 5-6 partite. The style is subulate has 2 ves.
sels, and each branch with two brachiate branches at the
apex, each terminated by a punctiform papillose stigma.
The ovary is glandular, (orange) at the base, it is really 4-
celled, each cell has one anatropous ascending ovule (or sub-
appended,) they appear to be nucleary, and are furnished
with a very short raphal vessel.

The zstivation of the calyx is imbricate, so is that of the
corolla, 2 lacinee being outermost, and eee See
right hand Fig. VI. Pl. CCCCXLVIII.

- The calyx becomes completely enlarged nd depressed,
and incurved apex inflated, and the ovarium becomes round
completely spongy, presenting a St. George's Cross in the
centre, the two larger arms being utrinque l-váscular, and
is consequently the placental or true septa, the others are
]-vasc., so that it only differs from the others in having the
dorsal septe very complete. See Fig. VI. Pl. CCCCXLVIL

The young seeds are completely appense.

From Tectona, Hemigymnia differs in the ribbed calyx
which becomes cupuliform in fruit with a crenate or denti-
culate margin, and only appears to 4 enclose the pericarp, the
attenuated subulate apex of which projects long beyond it
it also differs in its infundibuliform corolla, contrasted with
the rotate one of Tectona, though its calyx is infundibulifor™
which is singular.

It also differs abundantly in its 4-partite style, with li-
near stigmata whereby it approaches nearer Cordia tha"
Tectona.

I propose calling it from its half enclosed pericarp Hemi”

AVICENNIA. 185

gymnia in contradistinction to the inclosed pericarp of
Tectona.

The flowers at first sight are like those of Pemphis.

Calyz infundibuliformis, striatus, 5-dentatus. Corolle
tubus infundibuliformis; lacini; 5 (angustz, tubo duplo
longiores.) Stamina 5 aqualia, inclusa. Ovarium, 4-locu-
lare, 4 ovulatum : ovula solitaria, ascendentia. Stylus bi-
fidus, rami profunde bipartiti, intus stigmatosi. Fructus (im-
maturus) drupaceus, rostrato-cuspidatus, calyce cupiliformi- :
semicinctus,

Arbor mediocris ; partibus novellis pube ramosa tomentosis,
Folia opposita, cordata, vel cordato-rotundata. Inflorescentia
lerminalis, cymoso-corymbosa. Flores congesti, in apicibus
pedicellorum brevium articulati, mediocres, albi

Habitus quodammodo Rottlerz, aspectus florum Lythrari-
cus, Pemphidis si velis.

Hemigymnia Macleodii.*

Habitat : Sylve Jubbulpore vicine, plerumque cum Tectona
consociata,

AvICENNIA.

The Species of Avicennia appear to be in a very confused
State in Botanical works.

Avicennia tomentosa.

Arbor. 20-30 pedalis. Ramis laxiusculis ramulorum in-
ternodiis incrassat.

Fol. oppositis exstipulatis breve petiolatis (petiolis basibus
Subconnatis, bases versus superne axillisque pilosis) lanceo-
- utrinque attenuatis integris glaberrimis acutis, car-
nosis subtus albidis,

Spicis terminalibus paniculatis, oppositis, floribus basi 3-

- decussata oppositis, parvis inconspicuis luteis.

* Calcutta Journ, Nat. Hist. vol. iii. p. 363.
Y

186 VERBENACES.

Calyx 5 sepalus, sepalis ovatis obtusis bases versus car-
nosis piloso-pubescentibusque zstivatione imbricatis.

Cor. gamopetala infundibulif. carnosa, tubo calycis longitu-
dine, limbo 4-partito laciniis ovatis patentibus, apicibus sub-
dentatis zstivatione imbricatis.

Stam. 4 fauci inserta laciniis corollin. alternant. Filam.
subulata. Anth. didymz longit. dehiscent. subexserte, lo-
culis adnatis compressis. Pollen album ovatum leve hinc
sulcatum.

Ovar. liberum cylindrico-oblongum, apicem versus pilo-
sum, pilis albis cellulosis.

Stylus crassus breviss. Stigmata 2 simplice acuto con-
niventia, ovar. l-loculare septis 2, stigmatibus alternant. in-
completis. Ovula 4, pendula ab apice placentz centralis li-
berze, foramen infer. ad apicem ovuli.

Has. Inter Rhizophoreus secus littoram Madamaca alibi"
que vulgata occurrit. — Mergue Herb. 969.

An Verbenacez, cum placente ovulorum structura maxime
accedit. fol. subtus lepidota, squamis szpius 4 lobis, medio
pilifer. Pilis articulatis articulis superior demum decidius ?
nec vere tomentosa. Cor. extus pubescens.

Avicennia tomentosa, ovar. 2 loculare affinites placente
cum Congea etc. maxima.

I met with three forms of this genus about Malacca, of
which the following are the differential characters, and de-
tailed descriptions drawn upon the spot.

. Avicennia resinifera foliis lanceolatis accuminatis glabris
subtus albidis, corolla lacinia postica integra, fauce suban-
nulari, antheris inclusis, stigmata subincluso, fructibus apice
cuspidato-attenuatis, rugosis, embryonis radicula infra
apicem villoso-barbata.

_ A. resinifera Forster? Jack Mal. Misc. 2,58 sub Pyrrhantho.

Arbor mediocris. Folia subtus vix reticulata, Flores

Dene Arbor. ramulis articulatis.

AVICENNIA. 187

Folia lanceolata acuminata subintigra, coriacea subtus
albida, but without tomentum vix reticulata.

Spice axillares et terminales, ramose ferrugineo-velu-
tine.

Flores parvi, several times smaller than in the other, oppo-
siti inferiores distantiusculi superiores, conjesti, 3-bracteati.

Calyx 5-partitus leciniis oblongis.

Cor. subrotata, 4-partita extus velutina. Æstivatione fere
valvata, thickened at the faux almost into an annulus.

Stam. fauci inserta. Filam. breve incurva. Anth. bilocular.
introrse; cells as it were folded together, mucronulate.

Ovarium oblongum pubescens. Stylus brevissimis robutus.
Stigma bifida vix ultra faucem exsertum.

Placenta ete ut in altero sed brevior, ovula viewed as
opaque bodies, present white points.

Fruit with a surfacelike the under one of the leaves,
transversely wrinkled, lanceolate, compressed, lengthened iuto
alongish point at the apex, edges slightly furrowed, at the
base of the calyx, but this is not forced to spread out as in
the other, bivalvular.

Placenta at the base of the seed on one side.

i Seed conform, without integuments, inner cotyledon pro-
Jecting beyond the apex of the outer, both cotyledons are
deeply bilobed, at the base.

Radicle long, inferor, just below the conical apex with a
thick brush of hairs.

Has. In limosis littoral Malacca.

This is the species to which Jack alludes sub Pyrrhantho,
Mal. Misc, 2-p. 58.

: vicennia foliis lanceolatis acumianatis glabris subtus
albidis, floribus (parvis) 4-partitis fauce subannulata. An-
theris Subinclusis fauci insertis. Stylo brevissimo, stigmata
Subinelus, Fructus apice attenuatus, rugosus. Radicula,
infra apicem villoso-barbat.

Villi radicis septuli,

Avicennia.

188 VERBENACEXZ.

Cal. 5 partitus, imbricatus. Cor. regularis vel subregularis
rotata (carnosa) lacinia postice integri vel emarginata.

Stam. 4, subzqualia sinubus vel fauci inserta.

Ovar, 1-loculare, placenta centrali (4-gona) ovula 4, pen-
dula ex apicem placentz (inter angulos). Stigma bifidum.

Fructus, capsularis, bivalvis, l-spermus. Semen albuminos.
(tegumento 0.!) radicula villosa infera. Cotyledon con-
duplicat.

Arbores; ramulis articulatis foliis oppositis integris.

Flores spicati, oppositi, inconspicui certe ad oleus spec-
tans.

3. Avicennia intermedia, foliis obovatis, ovato-lanceolatis
vel lanceolatis, acutiusculis subtus albidis reticulatis, floribus
capitellatis, sepalis ciliatis, corolla lacinia postica ssepius
integra. Staminibus subexsertis, stylo conico bipartito in-
clusa, fructibus amydaloideis vix compressis, albo pubescenti-
bus embryonis radicule infra apicem villoso barbata,

Frutex. Flores mediocres.

I only met with this on Pulo Java close to Malacca, it is
probably a hibrid between the two preceding species.

Desc. Frutex : 4-5 pedales ramulis 4-gonis. Folia obovata
vel ovato lanceolata pallida integra coriacea subtus alba, quasi
brevissime tomentosa.: Exactly intermidiate between A. to-
mentosa and resinifera.

Pedunculi axillares et terminatis, the axillary ones soli-
tary in the last axils 4-goni simplices vel divisi.

Flores mediocres, incapituli pauciflori terminali dispositi
with a tendency sometimes to become racemose, interme-
diate in size between the two other species, 3-bracteate. Sepal
pulchre ciliatis Cor. subrotata 4-partita, laciniis integris,
postice paullulum latior. Stam 4 fauci inserta just below
sinuses. Anth. basi afixæ subexserte, conduplicate. Stylus
robustus brevis subulato conicus bipartitus laciniis approxi-
matis glaber. Ovarium cylindraceum, pubescens placentata
ut in aliis.

I have only seen this on Pulo Java, close to Malacca:

AVICINNIA, 189

all the specimens were shrubby. It may possibly be a male
between the two before described species.

Fruits very small amygdaloid compressed apiculate by the
style, glaucous rugulose, at the base of the corolla and
calyx, l-valved coriaceous.

Outline of embryo or seed, cordate-ovate, inner cotyle-
don projecting a little beyond outer. Radicle barbate
below, subtruncate.

vicennia intermedia foliis obovatis. Frutex ramulis
4-gonis ovato-lanceolat. vel lanceolatis, acutiusculis subtus
albidis reticulatis ; floribus capitellatis (mediocribus) sepalis
ciliatis, Cor, infundibulif. rotata, laciniis subzequalibus, postice
&epius integra, zestivatione imbricata. Stam. subexsertis. Stylo
coneco breve bipartito incluso. Fructus pario vix compresso;
albo pubescento, radicula infra apicem villosa barbata.

4. Avicennia obovata, foliis obovatis, glabris subtus reticu-
latis, corolla lacinia postica latiore emarginata, antheris
exsertis, stigmata exserto bifido, fructibus amygdalinis,
dense ferrugineo-tomentosis, embryonis radicula dense

osa,

A. tomentosa. Roxb. Fl. Ind. 3 88.?

Arbor. mediocris, Folia obtusissima. Flores ratione generis
Majuse uli,

Descr. Arbor. mediocris, ramulis articulatis. Folia oppo-
sita, obovata obtusissima coriacia integra utrinque glabra,
subtus us pallida

Spicæ fallaces: (et implices, terminales) ramosa. -

Flor, majusculi, oppositi inferiores distantes superiores
COnjesti : tribracteati.

Calyx profunde 5-partita lacin. oblonga apice sphacelat cili-

inia postica omnino exterior.

Cor, subrotata subregularis, 4-partita lacinia postica ma-

^ iin: P gnum carnosa.

4, sinubus inserta, filam. subulat. one line long,
Anth, biloraler lar. subcordate introrse basi aflixe.

190 VERBENACEA.

Ovar. stylo reclinato, subulato.

Stigmata bifido oblongum : ferrugineo-pilosum : 1-loculare.
Placenta centralis libera, 4-gona. Ovula4, clavata, pendula
ex apicem placenta inter angulos apicem umbilicata, no dis-
tinction of coats.

Avicennia folis obovatis glabris, subtus reticulatis fl.
spicatis inferior distant. superior conjestis, (magnis) 3-
bracteatis, Sepalis5 5tum extima. Cor. laciniæ postica
latiore emarginata, filamentis mediocribus, anther exsertis,
stigma bifida exserta, fructibus amygdalus dense ferrugine
tomentosis, radicula dense villosa.

Although this has the leaves in shape as in A. tomentosa,
Roxb. Fl. Ind. 3, 88, and though there are other marks of
agreement, yet the leaves are perfectly smooth, and the
flowers can not be said to be numerous.

After the corolla is fallen the style becomes much more re-
clinate.

Frutis like an almond, but more compressed, often
ineequilateral surrounded at the base by bractes and calyx,
covered with a dense velvet light ferruginous down, marked
at the apex with a scar of the style and along both the edges
with an obscure line. 1-valved; coriaceous lined inside with
a white delicate rice-papery cellular tissue.

Seed without any teguments, green, filling the whole
cavity.

Cotyledons, conduplicate, one quite in the sinus of the
other.

Radicle (after germination ?) much lengthened subclavate
densely villaris.

AB. In limosis inundatis Malacca.

Pl. CCCCXLVIII.

The development of the embryo presents in Avicennià
great anomalies.
The ovula are nucleary.

AVICINNIA. 19]

The embryo sac Fig. I. when mature is curved within the
point of the nucleus in the shape of a retort, or shepherd’s
crook, The line of the axis corresponds rather with the longer
extension backwards, the recurved points however corresponds
with the axis of the ovulum, appearing as if it were going
to meet the fascicle of vessels that is to be found in the up-
per 3 at least of the central denser tissue of the ovulum.

It is within the curve that all the changes take place, Ist
inthe formation of albumenary tissue, sometimes without
application of boyaux, the long extension backwards and
the recurved apex remaining unchanged the boyaux appear
to pass into the crook, to a considerable depth nearly to the
base of the recurved unchanged apex, they here appear oós-
curely to form the rudiments of a cellular mass, which is the
future embryo, but is exceedingly indistinct, all these may
occur within the ovulum.*

e albuminous mass enlarging forwards, soon protrudes,
ànd rapidly assumes a considerable size.
3 Its aspect is cellular, shape flattened roundish, then a curved
line appears, an semper, on its outer surface, from which the
cotyledons soon protrude.
: This mass continues to increase, the lower part preserving
ts thick, cellular appearance, the upper or that between
the inner cotyledon and the nucleus becoming expanded,
flattened, and cellular membranous.

‘he cotyledons become conduplicate at a rather early
period, subsequently the whole of the embryo except the
x “cle is quite naked, that remains in its cavity in
the fleshy base of the albuminous mass. Correspondingly,
e Posterior extension passes back into the placenta where

Comes dilated, and ramified, and exceedingly large.
üt far as Ihave seen the recurved apex remains unchang-
P to a latish period. Yet I have thought I have seen it

Xa. 2 ?
I think I have seen in one instance grumous matter in the sac with.
355 attachment of boyaux.

192 VERBENACEA.

become smaller as the albuminous mass increased in size ;
smaller certainly just as the cotyledons are going to pro-
trude; the nucleus undergoes no change.

l. The anomalies are, curvature of the embryo sac.

2. Protrusion of the albuminous mass beyond the ovulum,
while the sac originally was internal.

3. The protrusion of the cotyledons, nakedness of em-
bryo, but above all the direction of the radicle, the
funiculus of which points to, and not from the apex of the
nucleus, which also appears to be its direction at a every
early period.

This also is well worthy of notice, as confirming the perma-
nence of the direction of the radicle—that in the mature
seed, its general direction is such as it would have been,
had the cotyledons passed up inside the ovulum.

The anomaly of direction in the embryo, if the line of
first appearance, which is axile, is considered is not so
great as it would, at first sight appear. Although there is
no appreciable mechanical cause, why the cotyledons assume
so strange a direction.

Soon after evident impregnation, the fertilised ovule is
twice as big as the others, is split open at its apex from
which protrudes a fleshy soft roundish mass, and inside its
pressure shews the presence of a roundish body.

The centre of the protruded mass is more membrano-
cellulous, and to it, portions of tubes may be seen adhering.

During inflorescence, and even when the stigma is black-
ened the ovula (some times 3) are club-shaped with an umbili-
cate or lobed apex, from the centre of the umbilical cavity
of one at least, an obscure small protrusion was observed ; the
ovula appear solid: pressure however causes the escape the
grumous fluid; at this period a single tube may often be
seen running down to the apex of the ovulum.

From the navel or sinus of the lobe, there appears to ne
obscure channel leading to a less obscure cavity; towards

AVICENNIA. 193

the centre of the ovulum, whether this has a lining mem-
brane or not I cannot say, but its surface is irregular.

At a later period, but before the young fruit projects be-
yond the calyx, the protruded mass will be found larger (as
wellas the nucleus): from it near the nucleus and on
its outer surface, projects a bilamilar body, which is the em-
bryo, the protruded part about the fissure is membrano-cel-
lular.

The two lamina are the cotyledons when detached, they
are found to be even now unequal, the outer one being
shorter, and arising as it were lower down the base of
the placenta; opposite each end of each ovulum is con-
ductile, but much more so opposite the fertilised ovule, the
protruded mass of which seems to adhere to it, (i. e. to the
conducting tissue.)

The protruded mass is more intimately connected with the
nucleus by a gut or tube, which lines its central cavity. It
is Į imagine from the protruded end of this sac, that the
protruded albuminous mass is formed, i£ is highly divided,
80 that it is a Santaloid tube inverted,

The shorter cotyledon is now bilobed, or biauriculate
at the base,

The tubular portion internal to the nucleus appears to
reach at least to its base; but it is difficult to ascertain its
doing 80, owing to the denseness of the tissue surrounding
it, which forms as it were a column reaching throughout the
ovulum, The apex of the protruded mass is cellulo-pa-
pillose, The tube certainly exists, and appears to be con-
tinued to the centre of the protruded mass.

The mass subsequently protruded, appears to be at one

enclosed within the apex of the nucleus, and the inner
tube which is then tortuous, appears to be outside of the co-
imnar tissue; even at this time the centre of the mass is
“Scolored, and presents traces of the embryo, and its lax
tells are obscurely traceable to the apex of the mass.
Judging from appearances, I should say, that the mass has
Z

*

194 VERBENACE.R.

linear relations with the columnar central tissue, and that the
tube is a subsequent formation being developed from the
base of the mass, and running along between the column
and that space of the ovulum next the placenta, that it is a
lateral formation, that the mass is developed in a sac, arising
from the end of the column—the embryonary sac, the
communicating tube is branched at an early period.

Pl. CCCCXLVIII. Fig. VII.

. The cellular substance evidently encloses the apex or
upper half of the sac.

b. Base unchanged and I imagine from a single instance
that it is thus.

c. Embryo sac.

d. Albuminous mass.

e. Certainly part of the sack.

jy. Ben.

- g. Albuminous mass.

h. End of boyaux entering.

i. Columnar centre.

j. Nucleus.

k. Less changed base of embryonary sac certainly closed.

i. Cellular mass just becoming protruded.

m. Embryo arising from a boyau (assumed),

n. Common tube.

o. The membrane of the sac is here and there traced.

At the time of inflorescence or very soon after, the co-
lumnar tissue is very evident, appearing to be continuous
similar to that of the placenta ; the situation of the sac is at
this time occupied by opaque tissue.

After the protrusion of the cotyledons, the nucleus and
subalbumen do not undergo much if any change, the coty-
ledons have commenced to be conduplicate, when twice 88
long as placenta, the nucleus when then putes m in size
is very hard, m subalbumen is enlarged, the radicle i$
still enclosed in

AVICENNIA. 195

The communicating process is at this time easily separa-

e.

There is no change of direction in the embryo, the pro-
trusion being effected by the cotyledons, all that is required

" isacertain degree of obliquity as regards the nucleus or

else they would pass it.

On a transverse section, have I seen in the placenta the
dense central part with a tendency to be 4-lobed, but even
atalater period, nothing like a section of the communi-
cating posterior tube was observed.

It follows hence that the chief anomalies are the formation
of the albuminous tissue outside the sac of the embryo,
the penetration of this by boyau, the protrusion of the albu-
minous mass so formed, and the subsequent protrusion of
the cotyledons.

The unique? ones are the formation of the albumi-
nous mass outside the sac of the embryo, tho’ the embryo is
formed within the sac! and secondarily the protrusion of
the cotyledons, the radicle remaining enclosed. Also the
deposit of albuminous tissue on a sac, internal to the nu-
cleus, and the laterality of the posterior extension.

To be carefully examined again, particularly with reference
to the early state of embryo sac, the extent of the posterior
Communication, and to the embryo just before the cotyle-

n8 protrude.

l. Verbenacee sp. Pl. CCCCXLVI.

Calyx tubulosus 5-dentatus, denti postica minore persistens.
Cor, infundibulif. subregularis tubo subgeniculata immulat.
- inclusa sessilia, inferiora (vel his inter lobos labii
Inferiofis) superiora et majora.
cm capitatum, Nuces 4, extus venosz, intus verruco-

Inforescentia spicata, flores 1-bracteata.

196 VERBENACES.

Raphe initio externa quoad axin demum interna, ovuli de-
velop. ut in compositis.
Flower just expanding,
Flower front view.
Corolla laterally.
Corolla laid open.
Anther front view of.
Ditto back.
Laterally.
Pollen in water.
Ovarium front.
Ditto lateral.
. Longit. section.
Ovulum raphal face external.
Fruit.
. Nux front or inner view.
15. Ditto laterally or outside.
16. Ditto longit section.
17. Ovulum.
17a. Embryonary sac, separate.
18. Ovulum, more advanced, a testa and nucleus combined,
b embryonary sac, c embryo just developed.
19. Half ripe seed, same numbers have same references.
Bamo. Upper Burmah May 5th, 1837.

Ld
SPE MN Apo tom

eed
LI

jod jd oe
P O 19

2. Verbenacee sp. Pl. CCCCLX.

Itinerary notes p. 112, no. 164.

Has. Bootan.

Voikameria sp. Pl. CCCCXLIV.

Itinerary notes p. 128, no. 504.

Has. Bootan. "
Premna herbacea, Pl. CCCCXLVII. Fig. I.
Itinerary notes p. 96, no. 1422,

RTT

i

197
LABIATÆ.

General remarks. It has for some time, struck me that
neither Labiatæ nor Boragineæ are formed on a quarternary
plan as to the carpella. I was first led to this opinion by ob-
serving in a series of observations, the constant relation be-
tween the number of vascular fascicles of the style, and that
of the carpellary leaves entering into the formation of the
Pistillum.

This view appears to have been hitherto neglected.

In the cases in which the number of vascular fascicles ex-
ceed that of the carpellary leaves, the law remains unchang-
ed, owing to the evident arrangement of the bundles of
„vessels or fascicles into groups corresponding with the number
of the carpellary leaves.

A still more obvious circumstance is to be taken
into consideration, that is the number of styles. If we
Pass in review the whole of syncarpous orders, we find that
the number of styles however united they may be, (and in
this case only determinable by the number of vascu-
lar fascicles,) it is constantly the same as that of the number of
carpella, and this law is most obvious in the gynobaseous
orders. Further it remains to be proved whether in one
single instance the carpellary leaf is developed into an ovary
T portion of one, in which the style or stigma remains un-
developed,

P erhaps the contrary is the fact, the style or stigma being
„nce the most permanent part; of this I only know one
mstance, and that is in Clypea or rather Cissampelos.

"ae Structure of Boraginez and Labiatze, is to be ex-
Plained either by assuming the abortion of the styles, etc.
: two carpella, or of their binary coalescence. The former
explanation can scareely be considered as sound, for there
^ not a Single instance that can be ‘adduced in its support.
Of the latter there is no external (as indicated by furrows
lobes of the stigmata,) or internal evidence. The pistils

198 LABIATA.

of Boraginee and Labiate are therefore on grounds of all
analogy of structure, formed on a binary plan. It only
remains to explain how the anomalous structure arises.

A bilocular single carpellum may arise either from extreme
inflection of the dorsal suture, (to which there is in many
instances a tendency,) or of extreme inflection of the com-
bined placentze. But from the complete division of the two
carpella that exists in the above two orders, as well as per-
haps from the situation of the ovula, we are authorized in con-
sidering the anomaly as arising from complete inflection of
the dorsal suture. Although in Verbenacez, Ehretiacee,
Cordiacez, and etc., the quadrilocularity of the ovarium arises
from an opposite cause. There is likewise another cir-,
cumstance to be mentioned as pointing out the correctness
of that which we have above stated, this is the almost
universal basilarity of the styles. "This shews that the lobed
state of the carpela is more developed towards the
geometrical apex, a fact in accordance with the structure
of all syncarpous fruits, The only objection to this exists
in Cynoglossum, in which thestyle proceeds from the geo-
metrical, which, is hence the true apex.

It was perhaps from the consideration of this genus, that
Brown in his Prod. describes the ovula as pendulous, hence
shewing his usual extreme acuteness. I find in addition, that :
this is proved by taking into consideration the situation of the
raphe. This in Labiate is next the axis, hence the lobes
of the ovarium are not inverted, but in all Boraginee ex-
cept Cynoglossum, it is external with regard to the axis,
proving that the lobes are inverted. It is highly curious,
thatin such, with one exception, there is an obvious tendency
in the raphe to revertto its true site, viz., next the axi
since the foramen in all these is at the lowest point of
the cavity, while the radicle of the mature seed points tO
the uppermost. The seed is hence adhering, and in its
development describes a considerable portion of a circle?

OCYMIUM. 199

Cordiacez in relation to what I have said above, require
examination, since they have four stigmata. But this may
arise from another cause, and one that has reference to the
origin of the stigmata themselves.

Magong: April 37th, 1837.

PLECTRANTHUS.
Plectranthi sp. Pl CCCCXLIX. Fig. II.

Caulis et prolongationes axis virides, fol. supra saturati-
viridia hinc illinc secus costa maculis albis irregularibus,
subtus pallidis.

Vor. carnea, vel pallide rosacea. Calyx presertim fructus
viridis,

Kuttack Boom: Oct. Ist, 1837.

SALVIA.

Salvia plectranthoides, Pl. CCCCL.

Itinerary notes p. 163, no. 845.
Has. Bootan.

OcxM1IUM.

Orymii sp, Pl. CCCCXLIX. Fig. IIT.

l. Long section through 2 ovaries, shewing the situation
of the raphe.

2. Ovulum, at the time of expansion.

3. Inner structure as demonstrated by pressure, nucleus
and testa incorporated, no raphe.

4. Embryonary sac from an ovule, just after the fall of
the corolla. This approaches to the membranous struc-
ture, is developed from the base of the nucleary cavity,
but is distinctly cellular at its base, its apex is attenu-

into athin thread which communicates with the

200 LABIAT.E. E.

apex of the nucleus, 4, lens will scarcely demonstrate
any cells except at i base, itis attached by a single
cell ; at the apex of the broad or dilated part is seen the
embryo just forming.
5. Long section of an ovule more advaced, embryonary sac
distinctly cellular.
6. Ovule viewed on its inner or raphal face, raphe evas-
cular composed of fibres.
7. Long section of ovulum more advanced. Cotyledons
opposite the raphe.
8. Portion of testa shewing the cellularity, of the nuclei.
9. Section longitud. of seed, thro’ short diameter or at
right angles with the axis.
This development is remarkable for the evolution of the'em-
bryo, at.a distance from the foramen and apex of the nucleus.
The seeds have two integuments, testa and embryonary
sac.
Has. Upper Assam Suddyah: July, 1836,

MENTHA.
Mentha auricularia.

Herbacea, birsuta, caulibus decumbentibus foliis lanceo-
latis vel lanceolaté-ovatis rugosis grosse crenatis ; floribus
albis, filamentis ad apices antherisque purpurascentibus.

al. tubulosus, subzequaliter 5-dentatus, exangulosus den-
tibus ciliatis.

Cor. infundibuliformis: calyce duplo Minori denti-
bus 4, subæqualibus, vel 2 majoribus, 2 paullo minori-
bus.

Stam. didynama exserta, coroll duplo longiora. Filam,
filiformia, medium versus stuposa. Anth. transversim dehi
centes, l-loculares, connectivo carnosa.

Ovariam ordinis, stylus filiformis staminibus paulo brevior,
apice bifidus, stigmata 2 obtusa.

-

ML UEM A. iau

. inserta, F

V BORAGINACE.E, 201.

Inflorescentia dense spicato, verticillata, centripeta ver-
ticelli florum plerumque biseriates bracteis lanceolatis
ciliatis suffulti.

In humidis. Mergue: July, 1834.

LAMIUM.

i

Lamii sp. Pl. CCCCXLIX. Fig. I.
Itiaerary Notes p. 126, no. 459.
Has. Bootan at Balfai.

BORAGINACE.
Ex | Myosotis.
l. Myosotis sp. PI. CCCCLVI. Fig. I. and II.

Annua, pubescenti-hirta, basi prostrato-decumbens, ra-
mosa, Fol. alterna sessilia obovato-lanceolata subintegra
mucronata. Racemi axillares terminalisque nudi, bases ver-
Sus composito apice simplices juniores circinata. Pedicellis,
bracteis breviores fructus deflexi. Flores parvi inconspicui
albo-ceerulescentes. |

Cal. profunde 5 partit. laciniis lanceolatis acutis hispidis.

Cor. infundibuliformi-rotata tubo calycem paullo excedente,

lis 5, rotundatis, zequalibus, estivatione imbricatis lacinia
una exterior una interiore. Faux semiclausa processubus
5, petalis oppositis ex horum basibus ortis carnosis papillosis
Sübemarginatis Processus carnosa papillosa 10 basin tubo
aserta, 5-petalis, 5.staminib. opposita. Stam. 5 medio tubo
ilam. brevissim. Antherz basi affixze quasi pellate
Sübversatilos biloculares, loculis discretis introrsum dehiscent.
j oblongum vel parallelogram. ; ;
Ovaria 4 liberis basi latiuscule afüxis trigonis depressis,

vhglabris, l-sepalis lateralibus et 2 anticis opposit. Stylus

» fasc, vasc, 2, stigma capitatum emarginatum,
En a2

^

202 BORAGINACES.

Ovula solitaria apicibus loculorum medianti funiculi lon-
giusculi affixa, quoad axin plantz ascendentia potius retort-
shaped, tegument. discrimen 0, apex verus funiculo approxi-
mato elongato cellulo. Nuces 4 distinct», basibus affixe
a stylo marcesio omnino liberze, exsertze, subosseze, depress
trigone, angulis obsoleti-marginatis, lineo punctatis, et pi-
lis apice leviter uncinatis brevibus pubescentes, basi umbi-
licatz, et obscure perforatze.

Semen ovato-globosum, obliquum, liberum, inversum.
Tegument exterius celluloso-membran. (viridescens, interius
conforme membranaceum,) funiculo longo filiforme inter
chalaza e vase. fasc. 2 simplices curvatæ umbilicum recon-
dito. Cotyledones carnosz, antico utrinque convexo, pos-
tico hinc concavo illinc convexiuscule. —Plumula incons-
picua, Radicula supera quoad axin, quoad carpellum in-

Has. Assam. Ad ripas arenosus Burrumpootur : March
9151, 1636.

2. Myosotis anchusiformis Gr. Pl. CCCCLVIL. Fig. 1.

Annua valde ramosa, basi prostrata, pilis albis patulis nec
ait in precedenti appressis hirta. Fol. sessilia lanceolata
mucronata subrepanda, superiora ovata. Racemi axillares
terminalisve elongato-foliacea, compositi-simplicesve, inter-
dum dichotomi juniores circinati. Pedicelli extra axillares,

foliis bracteisve propinquis breviores, demum deflexa et sem- `

per latere eens opposito. Flores ore inconspi-
cui albido-czerule

Cal. basin Ram fere 5-partitus, laciniis enone his-
pidis ciliatisque, 5ta postica, fructus vix mutatus

Cor. infundibuliformi-rotata, tubo longitudine sepalorum,

. Subcylindrico limbo 5 partie, laciniis rotundatis cestivatione

"imbricatis.
Faux clausa processubus 5 carnosis papillosis subfornicatis
emarginatis,

*

MYOSOTIS. 203

Stam. medio tubi inserta. Filam. breviss. Anth. basi
aflixe quasi peltatæ inclusæ bilocul. introrse. Processus
lücellulosi papillosi 5 petalis, 5 staminibus opposit. ima
tubo basi inserti.

Ovarie 4 distincta basibus in loculis totidem cruciatis
immersis, loculorum parietibus e disco glanduloso repando
ertum ducentibus.

Ovaria basi lata affixa, ovalia, apice rotundata glabra,
medio interne posticeve, umbilico maximo parum profundo
notat,

Ovula solitaria erecta quoad axin plante, quoad ovari-
um pendula. Tegumentum cum nucleo aggutinat. foramen ?
conspicuum, posticum.

Stylus 1, filiformis brevis vasc. fasc. 2. Stigma capitat.
emarginat. Calycis fructus basis parum ampliata, turbinata,

Nuces 4, ossez erectz distinct basi lata affixe, sub-
imperforate reniformes non compressz, muricatz, muricis
Papillosis, brunneo-virides. Sinus annulo leviusculo ob-
Solete radiati-striato circumcinctus, nivens osseus striatus,
umbilicatus et profunde perforatus. Nuces parietes binato
exterior e quo oritur sinus untbilicus ossea, interior e fibris
ipee constrictur, et fundum umbilici format.

en nuci conforme erectum. Tegumenta bina exte-
rius membranacea, hilum prope micropyllum conspicuam
vix mutatam - gerens, interius tenuis bati: eom vestiens.

ascularum fasc, 2.

Chalaza e vasc. fasciculis 2, quorum alter simplex curvata
currit, alter varie ramosus apicem seminis attingit non anasto-
mosant,

Embryo erectus albus paullo curvat. Radicula conica
hilum prope et postiz situs, Cotyledones plano, convexius-
cule, umbilici perforati parallele. Plumula inconspic.

Han. Assam. Ad ripas arenosos Burrumpootur : March
3lst, | 1836.

Flores omnino praecedentis, ast habitu potius Anchuse

204 BORAGINACE,

distinctissimus ob ovaria umbilicata, foramen structura nu-
cum et embroyonis directionem.

Oss. Notu dignum est umbilicum hujus ab umbilico Myo-
sotidis origine discrepat. In hoc enim, pars apparatus fecun-
dationis est, in illa minima. Foramina ordinis hilo approxi-
mata sunt et postice sita, ex hoc oritur directionem ovularum.

Omnium generum hujuscum ordinis radicula supera post
fecundationem mutatur, foramine nempe gradatim supero
facto.

Precedens genus distinctum constituere videtur Anc-
husez et Cynoglosso proximum.

Nuces 4, basi affixe, reniformes papilloso-muricate.
medio umbilicatz et perforate. Radicula infera.

De numero normali foliorum carpellorum dubito, an bina,
(quaterna tantum horum divisione) ob style faciculorum
vasorum numero binato? Dubito etiam de origine rapheos,
an e fasc. vasc, styli? Fecundatio scrutanda, scrutandus
etiam situs foliorum flores fuleentium et bractearum typus
normalis ordinis forsam nudifloues.

CYNOGLOSSUM.

1. Cynoglossum racemosum, Pl. CCCCLVII. Fig. II.

C. canescens, Willd.

Cal. 5-6 partit. Cor. subinfundibulif., tubo brevi ovato
subventricoso, apertura basis cruciata fauce squamis trans-
versis bicallosis semiclausa, limbo 5-6 partito, laciniis ovatis
obtusis.

Stam. tot quot lacinie iis alternantes, tubo medium
supra insert. Filam brevia. Anth. incluse, bilocule intrors&
longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Pollen minutissim. leve.

Ovaria 4 stylis conjuncta hispida, styli in unum brevem
coaliti. Stigma capitat. e marginatum. Nuces 4 in axim. 4-
angulata pyramidalem oblique insidentes, obovate parte angus-
tiore cum stylo nunc elongato continua, supra convex

y
CYNOGLOSSUM. 205

setis capitatis, setulis uncinatis armatz, infra ad partem
attenuat. complanatz levesque, (situs insertionis) l-locu-
lares, nigro-brunnea.

Semen nuci conforme et ejus cavitatem toto replens, pen-
dulum embryo inversus, radicula conica partem attenua-
tam nucis obversa. Cotyledones carnose ovules, incum-
bentes. Plumula inconspicua.

Has. Bengal. Ad ripas Jellinghey ubique. Sept. Sth,
835 ‘

Oss. The genera of this section, viz. those with the fruits
attached to a central axis, shew us, that in Boragineze deprived
of such axis, and perhaps in Ochnacez, the ovarium is in-
verted, and that the style arises from the apex, not the base
of each carpellum.

2. Cynoglossi sp. Pl. CCCCLII.

l. Plant natural size.

2, Flower.

3. Corolla laid open, scales of base to be re-examined.

4. Anther, lateral and. back views.

5, Calyx spread open, shewing the curious sinuses and the
pistillum.

6, Fruit,

7. Immature nut outer view. 7a. Place of attachment of
oramen,

8. Ditto inner.

9. Seed. i

10. Embryo.

Genus verisimiliter novum, habitio Myosotidis cui

olm Structura accedit, Itinerary Notes p. 243.

Abomnibus (paucis) mihi cognitis differt. calycis struc-
= Sinubus, nempe bifidis, pilis uncinatis congregatis
es demum ampliate bilabiate, ere plani arcteque

LI
206 BORAGINE.

Denique nucibus auriculiformibus complanatis et mutuo
compressis.

Raphe ordinis sed cito bifurcata.

Re-examine the calyx to see what actual changes the
sinuses undergo, a nde in a hurry, as all must be, while
travelling in a new countr

Has. Affghanistan dud March 27th, 1839.

1. Boraginee, sp. Pl. CCCCLIV.

I have omitted to number this Boragineous Plant, which
is in some respects of singular structure, two of the nuts
are much more echinate than the other two, in which there
also exist a tendency to become of a cup-shaped form, à
tendency by no means as usual in the Boraginezm of this
country and which is carried to its maximum in certain
forms of Cynoglossoides, and another beautiful species.
The pendulousness of the ovula points out the affinity of
this plant to Cynoglossum and its associates, and I think
the structure of the scales points out a greater than usual
tendency to glandular and hence the staminal structure.

AB. Affzanistan.

2. Boraginee sp. Pl. CCCCLV.

Itinerary Notes p. 223, ao. 148,
Has. Affghanistan.

3. Boraginee sp. Pl. CCCCLI.
Itinerary Notes p. 231, no. 230.
Has. Affghanistan.

4. Boraginee sp. Pl. CCCCLIII.
Itinerary Notes p. 222, no. 147.
Has, Affzhanistan.

207
PLUMBAGINACEA.

ANGIATILIS.

ZEgiatilis rotundifolia, Pl. CCCCLXI. Fig. II.

‘Frutex, trunco conico, basi valde ampliato, et extror-
sum in processus carnosus product, more Rhizophear.

Ramis cicatricibus folior. lapsis notat,

Fol.alternia longe petiolata, deltoidea orbicularia, glabra
subcarnose pulcre reticulata, integerrimo, nervis secondariis
indistinct. Petiolis longis, amplexa caulibus, alatis, alis invo-
lutis, convolutisque cunale fluido viscoso-aquosa repleta for-
mant !!! canale ad apicem subobsolet. marginibus in corpus
petiol. nempe ad presso.

Racemis axillarib. paniculato dispositis, fol. subzqant.
terminalibusque pedunculis petiolis basinque amplexis.

Pedicellis erectis, bracteis lanceolatis convolutis viridibus,
bracteatisque binis inclusis subconvolutis stipatis, fluida vis-
cosa, pedicellum inclusum ambiens, floribus majusculis albis.

al. gamosepal. marcescens 5-dentatus, tubo longiusculo,
obtuse 5-carinato, dentibus submembranaceis.

Cor. subhypocraterif. tubo brevissimo 1-lineatim cylindrico

profunde 5 partit, laciniis linearib. obtusis subconcavis, erec-
to-partiatit,
_ Stam. tot quot lacinie corolle iis opposite ! ! apicem tubo
inserta, filam. subulat. libera. Anth. erect; exserte sagittate,
biloculi lateraliter dehiscent, Pollen magnum, lzeve punctulat.
Ongit. sed vix centraliter sulcat. 3-sulcat. aqua immersa
poris 1-3 dehiscens. i

Styli 5-filiformes exserti, apicis varsus patenti, Stig-
mata totidem spathulato-clavis.
var. super. liber, angulis 5, prominent, 1-loculare, l-
ovulat, ovulum érrecto-pendulum ab apice funiculi longi, apex
apice locul spectans more Plumbaginiarum, foramen conspi-
Cum ad apicem ovuli.

-4B. Mergue. Inter Rhizophoreas uti insule Madamac.
“as frequens, Feb, 1835,

208
PLUMBAGO.

Plumbago Zeylanica.

Herbacea caulibus laxis subprocumbent ramosis, foliis
alternis breviter petiolatis ovatis acutis in petiolum attenu-
atis, repandis. Petiolis, basi dilatatis biauriculatis.

Spicis axillaribus terminalibusque, bracteis foliaceis lan-
ceolatis floribus albis. Anthers czruleis. Pedunculis caly-
cibusque extus glanduloso viscosis. Cal. tubulosus, 5 den-
tatus extus glanduloso-pilosus. Cor. hypocraterif. tubo sub-
cylindrico calyce duplo longiore limbo 5-partito laciniis
subobovatis mucronatis patentilius. Stam. 5 hypogyna petalis
alternantia, filam tenue filiform longitudinis corolle, basi
glanduloso dilatat. Anth. oblong bilocule longit dehiscent.
exsertz. Stylus filiform staminibus paulo brevior stig-
mato 5 papillose. Ovarium loculare l-ovulat ovulo pen-
dulo foramen hilum versus ! ane 5 gona, I-superma.

Fig. III. Pl. CCCCLXI.

Ovulum.

Hab. In ruderatis Mergue, Sept. 1834.

STATICE.
Statice sp. Pl. CCCCLXI Eig. I.

A shrubby plant, each forming a rounded dense tuft.

Ramis lateral decumbenti-prostratis reliquis foliorum spi-
nosorum vestitis, apice proliferis, parti prolifera distinguen-
dum processubus revolutis gemmarum squamarum in loco ha-
bend.

Fol. dense imbricata, adeo ut ternata verticillata videntur,
basi concava membranacea lamina plano-convexa rigida
Spinosa, primo erecta, mutuoque applicita, patentia tunc
patentissima, demum recurva, pubescentia.

Spice axillaris rami unius vel solitaria binate (anpluris ‘ )
basi fragillime, flexuosulz, composite, infra foliis distanti-

—"—--———

A ae

. STATICE. 209

bus, subamplexicaulibus, parvis e basin lanceolata, spinoso-
acuminata,

Spicule secunde axillares, distantes terminales przco-
ciores, constanter e ramulis 2-bracteis pubescent. carinatis,
interioribus scariosis convolutis distinctis omnino tectis-
unifloris, Flos terminalis precocior.

Calyx infundibuliformis, tubo bractez interne longitudine,
lamina plicata scariosa, alba, venis 5, saturatissima brunneis,
interveniis prominentibus, zstivatione imbricata plicata.

Corolle e petalis 5, patente revoluti, basi in cupulam car-
nosam connatis, longe lineari-spathulatis, subretusis, ero-
sulis, vena magna centrali simplicissima ! roseis.

Stam. tot quot petal. his ad basin partes libere adnata.
inequalia, introrsa e petelis nunquum liberifactis. Antheris
Subversatilibus (centro affizis) oblongis biloculis longit.
dehiscent. Pollen e globoso, filamentis gracilibus, æstiva-
tione erectiusculis.

Pistillum oblongum, 5-costatum, costa quaque desinente
in stylum asperulum e vasculosum, calyce 4 brevior. Stigmata

oblonga capitata, papillosa. Ovulum unicum pendulum
e funiculo e basi loculi unici exorient.

Fructus, maturus non visus; ; immaturum calycis limbo
Totatum patente corollam simulanto; ovaro incluso, et
tecto petalis marcescentibus inflexo-involutis cum stami-
nibus, Stylisque oblongum 5-costatum, basi cupula glan-

uloga cinctum ; . petalis staminibusque having been torn

9m their connection with it.

l. Portion of a tuft from one stem, nat. size.

2. Spikle single.

3. Minn.

4. Corolla of ditto shewing ztivation.

5. Stamina of ditto front and back.

6. Single flower.

f Do. laid open.

8. Base of Corolla shewing that the petals are united at
their base into a glandular cup. A
B

210 PLUMBAGINACE/E.

9. Base of one petal.

10. Another back view after dehiscence,

11. Pollen.

12. Pistillum.

12a. Stigma and portion of style iterum.

13. Long section of ovary.

13a. Ovulum

14. Ovule "T interior of ovary from a bud, corolla length
of bractea shewing that the conducting tissue is
formed at an early period, not à sudden appearance at
the time of fecundation.

15. Young fruit, shewing the separation of petals and stamina
from the glandular cup, a fact analogous to what oc-
curs in Mirabilis.

15. Pistillum of do.

16. Calyx of fruit, in a young state.

36a. Same laid open, shewing the inflexion of the marces-
cent petals etc.

Has. Affghanistan. Barren, rocky hills. Cabul et alibi.

Oss. Each flower to be looked on as terminal, owing to the
presence of a bud in the axil of the last bractea.

The inflorescence only differs in degree from the pani-
culate or corymbose forms ; in principle it is the same. Three
or four other species of similar habit have been obtained by
me, but only one of the paniculate form.

The conducting process is of early origin, and is at an
early stage applied to the foramen, it is a formation from tbe
stigmatic tissue. Lindley's explanation is not correct, the
strap is never broad enough to hinder the process from enter-
ing the foramen.

21I
EHRETIACES.

EunETIA.
Ehrelia serrata, Pl. CCCCLIX.

Calyx, 5-partitus, zestivatione imbricatio,

Cor. 5 partita, estivatione imbricata.

Stam, tot quot lacinie corollz iis alternze, tubi brevi basin
prope affixa, introrsa. Anthere dorso affixe bilocule, Vena-
tio corollae normalis, filamenta vasculosa.

Stylus vasculis 2 donatus. Stigmata 2 subcapitate, canali
infra in unum coalescenti.

Ovar. 4 loculare (spuria) ovula in loculis solitaria pendula,
foramen superum hilum prope.

Inflorescentia paniculata, floribus nudis sessilibus in pani-
cule ramis, sepe aggregatis, Ehretia serrata Roxb. Vix Ehre-
tiz sp.

l. Alabastrum.

2. Flower.

3. Corolla laid open.

4, Calyx and Pistillum.

9. Stamen back view of.

3a. Ditto front or inner. \

6. Pollen viewed opaquely.

6a. Ditto in water eo.

7. Ovar. long section.

7a, Ditto shewing the conformation.

8. Ov. transverse section of the placentie etc.

Sa. Ditto towards apex.

9. Ovula.

Oss. The ovary is formed on a similar plan as that of some
Verbenacese, the placentz being involute and closely united,
and towards the base of the ovary produced so far out-
wards as to divide each cell into two.

There is no line to indicate the separation of the two
carpellary leaves, although there is an evident one travers-

212 GENERAL REMARKS.

ing the placentz in the direction of their inflexion from
the centre.

General remarks. The number of vascular fascicles of the
styleat once points out the binary formation of the ovary : but

it is worth while examining, those species of Cordia which >

have twice cleft styles according to Roxburgh. And it is still
further doubtful in taking the number of fascicles of the style
into consideration, whether Labiate and Boraginez have not
their ovaria formed on a binary, and not on a quaternary
plan.

Cordiacee are represented in India by several species,
all are fruticose, and most, arboreous. They have but few
sensible properties. See, Sebestina Myxa, and latifolia.
The flowers are often odorous.

One species performs the same office, although in a smaller
degree as Arundo arenaria etc. do in Europe; that is, bind-
ing together loose soil.

(They are generally natives of Hills, eec of rather high
latitudes.

The leaves are remarkable for the extreme extent of the
ramifications of the veins. So much so that the space
occupied by these organs, perhaps exceeds that occupied by
those of aération.

None except Ehretia arenarium, mihi, which is found be-
tween 12» and 28» N. appear to have a very wide distri-
bution.

Lindley characterised Cordiacee by a four cleft stigma,
if this be the case, the style remaining undivided is 4
proof that the stigmata are prolongations of the placentz-
No one can explain the ovary of these orders by
assuming only one carpellary leaf to be abortive. As
havelong observed, this origin of the stigmata and tle
number of vascular fascicles of the style are worthy of great
consideration, the latter in relation to the number of com-
ponent parts of the ovary.

The flowers are occasionally polygamous as in C. Myxa, ia

T ON M

DENS
E

COMPOSITAE. 213

which likewise there are no bractez, not even to the pri-
mary divisions of inflorescence. In this species there is a
tendency in the inflorescence to become unilateral and re-
curved,

PLANTAGINACEA,

PLANTAGO.

1. Plantago sp. Pl. CCCCLXII. Itinerary Notes p. 214,
no. 84.

Has. Affghanistan.

2, Plantago sp. Pl. CCCCLXIII.
Has, Assam Gubru Purbut : March, 6th 1836.

VALERINACE./E.

VALERIANA.
l. Valeriane sp. Pl. CCCCLXIV.
Has. Bootan at Ling-Ling.
2. Valeriana violifolia Gr. Pl. CCCCLXV.
Has. Bootan at. Panukha.

COMPOSIT&.
General Remarks.

The inflorescence, or rather each capitulum is always
terminal, that is, it either terminates the axis itself, or one
of its axillary branches. The terminal one is invariably
"eveloped first; its origin is occasionally observed by the
Continuation of the axis, owing to the development of a
in the axilla of the opposite leaf, as in Eclipta.

214 COMPOSIT.E.

Is any stress to be laid on the external dilatation of the
apex of the peduncle? when present it gives an idea of a
multi-partite, not a polyphyllous involucrum.

Can the union of the ovary to the calyx be identified by
the number of layers visible on a transverse section, as in
those with biseriate pappus, and no. (1) 401, p. 230 in which
the limb of the calyx is annular, the pappus arising internally.

Link I think lays some stress upon the distinction be-
tween pappus and palez of the receptacle, ——what is it?

Plumose pappus is only an excess of development of the
dentata.

Can the difference between a tubular corolla, and that
which arises from an abortion of the ligula be always dis-
tinguished by the papillose oblique mouth of the latter ?

What do these papille represent, are they always present
— inthose in which the ligula is imperfectly developed? and
which I take to be the case whenever the vascular fascicles
are imperfectly developed. In such case they will represent
lobes of the corolla: vice-versa are they absent in those,
in which the ligula may be supposed to be perfect, what is
the cause of a ligulate corolla, and what is its estivation ?

Mr. Brown says that the vessels unite with the apices
of each lacinia. In those which I have examined this is not
the case.

To what is the cohesion of the anthers to be attributed?
particularly in those cases in which the substance of their
cells seems to pass into each other.

They can scarcely, be distinct in an early stage.

The difference in the form of the stigmata in the radical
and discal flowers of those in which the former are imper-
fectly corolline, or perhaps in all radiate, is worthy of notice,
and points out an imperfection pervading every part, but the
ovula excepted.

Is much dependence to be placed on the articulation of
the style in Carduacez ? This occurs in all, and its distinct-
ness here only dépends on the great development of the

epigynous disk,

GENERAL REMARKS. 215

Has the style invariably 2 vascular bundles, indicating its
binary composition ?

How is fecundation effected ?

In several the ovula cohere, at least partially with the
ovaria, this is however not of much importance, since the seeds
appear to be invariably free. Prenanthes no. (2) 445, p. 251
however leads me to suppose, that the seed may appear per-
fectly free, while in fact the testa adheres to the pericarp ;
this is not the case in the example cited. If this be true,
the immediate covering or the apparent testa will be due
either to the remains of the nucleus, or to the embryonary
Sac; in Prenanthes the latter is the case.

Allthat I have hitherto examined agree in the single-
ness of the integument and its intimate cohesion with the
nucleus. They all agree in the mode of development of

e embryonary sac which is attached by both its ex-
tremities, but chiefly by its base, and in the first appear-
ance of this as a vesicle, at the apex of the nucleus.

The embryo however appears.to be formed about its
middle, instead of its apex as in usually the case. With
respect to the raphe, they seem to differ, in some I cannot
find it at all, in others it is developed gradually, and in these
it appears to be generally, if not always complete, terminat-
ing in the margin of the foramen. The embryonary sac is
Very large in Prenanthes, no. (2) 445. p. 251.

Burrumpootur : March 23rd, 1830. i

am still more inclined to doubt the fruit being an Akeni-
um; in every instance the testa coheres to the pericarpium.
is is at once proved by the presence of the raphe on parts
of it, when detached from its cohesion. The cellular mem-
branous coat enveloping the embryo, owes its origin to the
embryonary sac; this is at once evident by its having at

: ends, remains of its original attachment. The nucleus,
Which however is never distinct, disappears altogether.
Although the transition from the perfect flowers of the
dise, to those of the imperfect radial ones in those cases in

216 COMPOSITAE.

which all the flowers are tubular, is sudden; stillthe peri-
pherial ones are more imperfect as to size at least, than the
inner ones. Perhaps such should immediately follow Cardua-
ce, particularly as many have appendages to the anthers,
on the apical one, however I think very little stress is to be
laid.

Thus hiing with Carduaceæ, we should pass on the Co-
rymbifere commencing with those in which the radical
flowers are tubular, thence to the Radiatz through Erigeron
or those genera which either have ligulate, or evidently a li-
gulate tendency, but in which either no ray at all is deve-
loped, or developed merely on the circumference, and
thence to the true Ligulate, keeping up the chain with re-
ference to the greater or less development of the radius.

Mamie certainly are the most perfect, and Ligulate
are the n

doctae mutability resides in the involucra, and the
fact of their becoming incurved when the florets are re-
moved for the examination of the receptacle, shews admira-
ble design. "Their contraction, for such it certainly is, al-
though probably limited to one surface, is very distinct and
strong

Is there any thing definite in the number of the pappus ?

There is an obvious relation between the development of
the epigynous disk and the stamina, for the disk is only de-
veloped to any degree in the hermaphrodite flowers—the only
ones I have yet examined on this point. This is what one
would have expected, the disk being a staminal organ. .

The composition of the inflorescence has been shewn in
every instance hitherto examined by me, except Sphieranthes
in which it is centripetal, so far at least as the aggregate is
concerned. In the others, the central and really terminal
head is always first in development, so that it may be laid
down as a rule, that all simple inflorescences are centripetal ;
all compound centrifugal.

The fact of the inflorescence of Sphzranthus being Cen-

GENERAL REMARKS. 217

tripetal, both en masse and in detail, proves that it is a single
capitulum, hence the generic character of Sprengel is nearly
correct, although there is no true anthodium. It likewise
suggests a certain affinity with Echinops.

That the pale of a receptacle are merely modified scales
of the involucrum, in other words, bractez, is proved by their
absence in those floscules which arise from the axille of the
inner scales. Here again Spheranthus is interesting, it has
no involucrum, because all the axille produce capitula.

With regard to inflorescence, that of Graminez is not sim-
ple, but compound, the spicule of the spikes being most de-
veloped towards the apex, in other words terminal locusta
are the first developed.

Burrumpootur: March 29th, 1836.

The development of the ligulate flowers of Composit is
connected with a very great enlargement of the lacinie of
the corolla. The development is centripetal, that is, two of
the most distant laciniz first take it up, and the central
one the last. This may take place in such a degree that the
central lacinia, or even those next to it may become ob-
literated, and this is partly (perhaps) the case whenever
the number of teeth is less than 5.

The centripetal development is so strong, that the outer

of a lacinia may become ligulate, and the inner not, so
that any amount of irregularity as to the number and size of
teeth may be expected in a ligulate corolla.

À ligulate corolla can only occur in a flower with strictly
Valvate estivation, and its great prevalence in the order, is
à proof of the constancy of this estivation, and consequently
^" Value as a character. Why the corolla becomes unilabiate
18 another question, it may arise from the pressure which

in any other direction than outwardly, may be sup-

Posed to be subjected to, and this idea is somewhat corro-

borated by the frequent limitation of ligulate corollas to the

m erence of the flower. Then the question arises, why

does it happen, that one grand division of the order is cha-
e ea

218 COMPOSITAE.

racterised by having all its flowers ligulate. This is a ques.
‘tion worthy of examination, for it appears to my limited
experience, that in both those tribes which are characterised
by having entirely regular, or entirely labiate flowers, that
the amount of pressure due to the structure of the involu-
crum is greater than in the third or mixed tribe.

It must not be overlooked that the degree of development
of ligulate flowers, is in the ratio of their distance from
the centre.

The maximum growth isia most cases around the cer-
cumference; take for instance Centaurea, and this may
also be looked upon as an evidence in favour of the gene-
ral tendency to produce ligulate circumferential flowers.
This tendency is very evident in Calendula vulgaris, in certain
specimens of which, but very few flowers in the centre
of the disc remain unchanged, and it is equally so ina
vast number of others, in which, although the flowers of
the circumference are less developed than those of the
centre, yet there ‘is an obvious tendency to become
unilabiate. The two lacinez that in Calendula take on the
irregular growth are the two nearest the axis, and it
appears to be a condition, and indeed one without which
the lip would have a reversed directions, that while they
continue entirely distinct from each other, they cohere
more or less with the teeth nearest to them, Thus when-
ever a lacinea is wanting, it is the 5th.

The tendency to ligulation is always accompanied by à
higher degree of coloration. Thus in Calendula, the first
change that takes place consists in the lacinie nearest
the axis, or their inner halves with respect to the axis,
assuming an orange, in lieu of their original yellow colour.

Granting the tendency to separation between these tw?
lacinie, and a tendency to adhesion or even obliteration
of all or part of the others, the corolla must necessarily
become more or less unilabiate, particularly when com"
bined with a certain extra development.

a a a aan

GENERAL REMARKS. 219:

In all cases where lizulation is not the essence of the
formation of a compound flower, it is accompanied by.
a reduction even to total obliteration of the stamina, an
argument in favour of the affinity in nature, between the
stamina and petals, This is particularly evident in Calen-
dula vulgaris, in which the slightest tendency to ligulation
i$ accompanied by abortion or at any rate, want of power
in the male organs. And hence perhaps this tendency.to
ligulation may almost be expected to be greater in those
Plants of the order, in which the ligulate florets of the ray
are entirely neuter. This is also pointed out by certain regular
flowered genera such as Centaurea, in which the extra deve-
lopment of the radiate flowers is associated with loss of
Sexual power, but it is not only the actual over-develop-
Ment that is attended with this effect, but also the slightest
tendency to unilabiate flowers in a host of Corymbiferz.

Von Buch’s theory is too partially supported by facts
to entitle it to be adopted in so general a matter, as the pro-
duction of ligulate flowers in Composite.

In Cichorium* there is a singularity connected with the
anthers, from the midrib of each of which, a remarkably fine
membrane is produced, which contracts a firm adhesion with
the similar productions of the anther of either side ; along
the line of union is a dark line simulating at first sight a line
due to vascularity ; these membranes are quite distinct from the
other part of the anthers. They are produced only from the con-
nection of the polliniferous portion of the anther. See Pl.
CCCCLX VI. Fig. d.

The structare of the base of the style is only in excess of
_ “Sat which occurs in all truly adhering calyces, and is I cone

IM evidence of a tendency to produce additional stamina,
quantity of this glandular substance varies much ; in Ci-
um, it is highly developed.

wu, teria resembles very much in habit, certain forms of Campa-

*

220 | CÓMPOSITJE.

There is a tendency even in genuine Carduaceze to irregularity
of the flowers of the circumference, hence the question, which
is the typical form of Compositz ? Is it that in which this ten-
dency is carried into full effect, as in Ligulatz, or is it tha,
which possesses the greatest regularity, and consequently that in
which it is least worked out, as Carduacez ete., or is it that in
this which general tendency is executed, as well as another less
general—namely, the tendency te regularity as we approach the
centre—Corymbifere. This question can only be decided by
examination of the whole order. I am almost persuaded that
there are three types of formation of different value, which

will be found to pass into each other at various points to a -

greater or less degree. "These types are pointed out by struc-
ture, as well as by sensible properties, or the waut of these,

. which last occurs in Carduaceze or Cynarocephale, while

Ligulate are milky, and Corymbiferz very generally aromatic
and glandular.

In a species of Carduus from Candehar, the florets in a very

“state consist of a calyx with a rudimentary toothed
limb, a valvate corolla nearly partite toits base, and 5 smaller
Similar bodies, the rudiment of the anthers. Traces of a female
organ are evident, in the form of a small central projection, but
no ovulum, see Pl. CCCCLXVI. Fig. h. The development
appears to be equal except as to pollen, which is of late
formation.

The subsequent changes take place with too much rapi-
dity to be observed in their several stages.

The stigmata of Anthemidea 638,* or rather the stigma-
tic surfaces of the branches of the style are peculiar, and rather
incompatible with the idea that the stigma is the denuded
apex of the midrib, for it is plain, that the stigmatic surfaces
are confined to the margins of each branch, these becom-
ing confluent and = distinctly papillose at the apex

Pl. CCCCLXVI. Fig. c

em * Itinerary Notes p. 273.

EE CREDI
a la a z
e O E

GENERAL REMARKS. 231

To reconcile this with the actual idea of a stigma ; we should
have to assume, that the stigmatic surface was least developed
at the spot from which it is said to originate, because the pa-
pilla are more developed on the sides of the apex, than on its
centre, and then again to assume its decurrence down the style.
Such an idea of the structure and origin of the stigma, sets out
with the improbability, that from the most fibrous and the most
dense portion of the structure of an ovarium, the most cel-
lular and the most lax portion should originate. Considering
the stigmatic surfaces as productions from the placentz, we
obviate these difficulties, and more, we render every apparent-
ly anomalous instance capable of easy and direct explanation.
If that portion of the ovarialleaf which forms the style be
Spread out, or is otherwise not involute, the stigmatic sur-
face will be external, it may be either marginal as in the in-
stance alluded to, or it may, by mutual adhesion, occupy the
whole inner surface.

If the Style be involute to that degree that its outer edges
arè brought into juxta position, the stigmatic surface will
occupy to a greater or less degree the centre of the canal so
formed, Were the stigmatic surface to orginate from the
apex of the midrib, it could not have such relations to the
placentze as would insure the shortest road to the completion
of fecundation, and in this point of view the theory is very
faulty, i

In this same plant there is an obvious attempt to form the

iment of a calycine limb, while in some others (instead of
Such being the case) the base of the corolla grows downwards
Over the ovary. Pp]. CCCCLXVI. Fig. g. A

In Carthamoides 639*, there is a tendency to abortion in
the famale part of the flowers of the ray ; the stigmata being
Comparatively small, Even in the disc, the branches of the
Style are firmly united and papillose over all their exposed
Surfaces, except towards their apices, which are smoothest, and

* Itinerary Notes p. 273. "

3 COMPOSITE,

22

on which the true stigmatic surfaces are somewhat indistinct,
The anthers have the peculiar fine connectival membrane,
and the stuposity towards the apex of the filament. The
cessation of the vessels at the commencement of the pecu-
liar structure is evident, as well as the nature of this peculiar
structure itself, which is built up of short quadrate cells.
In Centaurea 640*, the connectival membrane exists, the
structure of the stamine is very much the same, but there is no
stuposity, the glandular disk is much developed while the base
of the style is not bulbous, the curvature of the corolla in
Carduacez is worthy of notice, for itis very common.
Afghanistan, May, 1840.

ELEPHANTOPUS.

Elephantopus sp.

Herbacea spithamza, hispida, fol. rosacea patentibus
ad bases caulim confertis oblongis, subsessilibus repandis,
serratis basibus dilatatis ciliatisque, summis subintegris in-
termediis lyratim 2-3 divisis, floribus capitatis, capitulatis ter-
minalibus, foliis 3-5 cordatis concavis involucratis.

Authod. imbricat. squamis subscariosis lance olato-lineari-
bus pilosis, exterioribus brevioribus acutioribusque pauciflo-
rum. Flosculis tubulosis, hermaph. Cor. tubus gracilis filifor-
mis, limbus profunde 5-partit. laciniis linearibus erectis mar-
ginib. leviter inter se coherent. (ideoque flosculus clavatus
videtur) filam. fauci inserta. Anth. membranaceze incluse.
Stylus filiformis bifidus. Stigmata 2 inclusa pilosa conniventia-
Ovar. pilos. Pappus plumoso-aristat. aristis 5, basibus dila-
tatis interdum incisis, ovulum | erectum.

Has. In arenosis Mergue: Nov. 1834. No, 710.

Pollen globoso-album areolatum, Corolla limbus rosaceus
Styli basis ampliatus articulatusque, aristis minimis raris

à * Itinerary Notes p. 273.

=

ERIGEŘON: 293

aliis interjectis, venis apices lacinear. callosus attingunt
sed nec reflex. secus lineas medialis. Receptaculum nu-
um.

An eadem cuni no. 506, ob stationem parva, incompleta-
que,

ERIGERON.
1, Erigeron sp.

Herba erecta annua ramosa pilosa, fol. inferioribus obo-
vatis in petiolum attenuatis, lobato-dentatis, ceteris oblongis
eodem modo divisis, basi cordatis et semiamplexicaulibus.
Capitulis subnutantibus axillaribus, solitariisque vel termina-
libus paucis, terminali prius evoluto.

Torus saltem externe vix evidens. Involucra e squamis
pauci seriatis, imbricatis linearibus apicibus membranaceis
coloratis.

Flosculi radii ligulosi, feminei disci tubulosi. Radii
multi-seriati, seriebus — extimis tantum radio donatis,
ceteris mere tubulosis, ore obliquo papilloso. Tubi an-
gusti filiformes. Radii angustissimi rosacei, obtusiusculi
bivenii, venis lateralibus infra apicem evanidis. Ovaria
ovata pubescentia, pilis hyalinis apice ramosis, infra apices
EUM Stylus filiformis, tubo $ longior. Stigmata linearia

vila,

Pappus, l-seriatus setaceus, crebre alterne dentatus. Re-
Ceptaculi inter flores producti in processus dentiformes
brevis, disci multo majores.

Flores disci tubulosi hermaphroditi, tubo femineis bre-
Vlore, fauce ampliata, limbus, 5-dentata estivatione val-
vata venatio Brunnonian, vena decurrente nulla, v. apicibus
4PProximatis clavatis, filamenta facile solubilia crassiuscula.
: Ant ovato-oblonge, leviter coherentes, connectivo
Mapiculo brevi producto. Pollen globos. hispidulum. Ovaria.?
oo filiformis crassior et brevior ac in femineis, stigma-
multo longiora, papillosa,

224 COMPOSITA.

oa

Pappus subplumosus, dentes nempe plurime majusque
evolute.

Ovula in utrisque eadem, in disci paulo minora, an fer-
tilia? Raphe ad apicem seminis currens, saltem post evolu-
tionem saccula embryoniferi.

Has. Assam. In arenaceis. Burrumpootur a Suddya ad
Bishenath, no. 436.

Facies Erigerontis pappus radii valde conspicuis, ovula ad
epochum evolutiones prime embryonis cum pericarpio firme

connata, raphe demum completa. Pl. CCCCLXVI. Fig. e.

2. Erigeron sp. "

Herba annua erecto-villosa, fol. alternis sessilibus panduri-
formibus dentatis basi profundiusculi-cordatis. Cymis pauci-
floris dichotomis divisconibus 1-3 capitulatis, centralibus prius

evolutis. -

Capituli subglobosi. Involucr. imbricat. squamarum mar-
ginibus scarioso-membranaceis.

Receptaculum centro planum dentatum, marginibus cone

vexis papillosis heterogamum,

Flosculi radii numerosiss. multi-seriati, feeminei radiati,
radio abortivo, tubo gracili ore obliquo cellulis papilloso: vel
piloso. Stylus longiuscule exsertus, stigmata approximata an-
gusta minute papillosa.

Disci pauci tubulosi, albidi, os versus ampliata 5-fida æsti-
vatio valvata ; v. Brunoneano, v. recurrente 0.

Stam. fauci vel initio ampliationes inserti, Anth. basi
simplices apice apiculate. Stylus basi parum dilatatus, inser-
tus cyatheforme in disco epigyno. Stigmata latiusculi lanceo-
lata valide papillosa. Ovarium ovato-oblongum, apice puncta-
tum pubescens constrictum, ore calycino tunc dilatato integro
obsoleto. Papus l-serratus dentatus flores subzequans.

Ovula vix sine laceratione solubilia, raphe normalis saltem
post — orm sacculi embryoniferi chalazaque punctiform!

apiculi,

^A

ERIGERON, l 225

Akenia immatura, compressa albida collo valide contracto,
‘Corona annuliformi pappum gerens, pubescentia rugosuloque
punctata, Tegumentum exterius ovario arcte adnat. nux sine
laceratione solubile, interius embryonem orthotropum arcte
vestiens (certe original e sacculo embryonifero.)

Hag. Assam. In arenosis Burrumpootur: March 27, 1836.
no, L
- Vix differt a numeris (1) 436, et (3) 442, generice non
nisi radiis omnino obsoletis, raphique normali nec completa,

raphe nulle in ovulis junioribus.

5 :
9. Erigero :
: zrig n sp

b

Herba erecta 14 pedalis basi ramosa hirsuta, ‘fol. alterna
obovata saltem inferiora, superior oblongo-lanceolata sessilia,
dentata, Capituli parvi inconspicui cymosi. Cymis subcorymbo-
Sis terminalibus axillaribusve, capitulis interioribus primo evo-
utis a peripherio ad centrum.

Invol. imbricat. squamis linearibus apice coloratis et mem-
branaceis.

Flosculi radii saltem extime ligulati, czeterum ligula obsoleta,
ovaria ovata compressiuscula, pilis uncialis pilosa.

Pappus crebre dentatus, corollam excedens. Tubus gracilis
fliformis, ligula angustissima rosea, oribus papuloso-cellulo-
Sis. Stylus tubo duplo longior. Stigmata 2 filiformia papillosa,

orolle basis annulum in capit. ovarii attenuato formans,
ligula evasculosa,

Disci pauci infundibuliformes, 5-fida, venatio Brunon, vena
decurrenti 0,

Antheree oblong, connectivo apiculate coherentes. Stig-
Mata ovata,

$296 COMPOSIT.E,

SPJERANTHES.

Speranthus.

Herbacea ramosa decumbenti-prostrata, pubescenti-viscosa,
fel. decurrentibus oblongo-lanceolatis dentatis serratis, serra-
turis aristatis. Capitalin. sphæricis ovato-globosis rubris.

Axis conica, obtusa, medio lacunosa. Capitula composita e
glomerulis indefinitis discretis subsessilibus extus involu-
cellatis, squamis oblongo-linearibus l-seriatis plus minus
scariosis pilosis ciliatisque.

Floribus heterogamis, exterioribus l-seriatis, sub 10 fæmi-
neis, interioribus 3 hermaphroditis. Radii tubulosi, sub-irre-
gulariter 3-fidi, ore haud obliquo. Stigmata subulata, subex-

serta. Disci tubulosi multo majores, sepius 4, ore parum
ampliato 5-fido, venatio Brun. vena recurrente 0.

Stam. totidem alternantia. Filam. filiformia una basi corolla
inserta. Anther ovato-oblongz simplicis vel nec appendicu-
latæ. Stylus exsertus basi bulbosus vasc. fasc. basi etiam dis-
cretis ad anthesin cito elongatus } superior pilosus. Stigmata
2 brevia ratione feeminearum approximata. Pollen globos.
hispidum. Ovaria teretiuscula pilosa, ovula erecta libera,
raphe 0.

Has. Assam. In arenosis Burrumpootur : March 25th, 1836.
no. 450.

Squamis conformis unica capitulas. Inflorescentia spic?
centripeta ut etiam capitulosa? vidi semel stigmat, tria vast.
fascic. 3 stylo, quorum 2 approximata quamvis discreta.

Canar. Capituli dense spicati, pauciflori heterogami, bractea
unica suffulta ; squam:e scariose, ciliate, biseriate.

Flosculi inhaled, radii feminei, disci sub 4 hermaphro-
dit. Filamenta basin corolla inserta! Pappus 0. Styli her-
Ls ie pilosi.

. This overrules DeCand. sections, as it belongs e
his iaie although the axis is hollow, see Wight *
Contr. p. II,

CONYZA. 297

2. The characters of Jussieu and Sprengel are both er-
roneous, although J'ussieu's is far the best, as there is only
one scale which does not separate with each capitulum, aud
as it is inferior to each, it is certainly a bractea, and belongs
to the axis of inflorescence. All the rest are referable to the
capitula. There is no common involucrum, at least more.
than resulting from the outermost bractea.

3. It is entirely a Corymbifera, its peculiarity being the
aggregation of its capitula.

Conyza Juss.
l. Conyze sp.

Herba annua erecta bipedalis cano-villosa, foliis alternis
obovato-spathulatis sessilibus runcinatis dentatisque vel den-
tatis et repandis.

Cymis axillaribus terminalibusque pluri-capitulatis, sub.
dichotomis capitulis nutantibus, centralibus prius evolutis
Subcylindraceis medio angustatis.

nvolucr. imbricat. pluriseriatum..
Receptaculum planiusculum, favulosum, heteroganum,
sores radii multiseriati feminei tubulosi, interiores ma-

gis evoluti ore dilatato 3-fido, laciniis papilloso-cellulosis.
Stigmata linearia exserta angusta minute papillosa.

Disci pauci tubulosi lutei, faucibus paululum ampliatis
S-fidis, æstivat. valvati, vena excurrente nulla. Stam. infra
Medium tubo inserta. Anth. basi apiceque appendiculate,
*Ppendieulis basi setiformibus apicis plano-subtruncatis.

Stylus basi bulbosus, stigmata 2 subexserta, valide papil-
toes Ovaria cylindracea, pubescentia. Pappus dentatus sim-
Plice serie, og calycis simplex obsoletusque. Raphe ad epo-
chum fecundationes seminis apicem vix attingent.

Akenia subimmatura oblongo-cylindracea vix compressa
Pubescentia,

esta pericarpio adnata et vix sine laceratione solubilis
aphe normalis,

228 COMPOSITA.

Tegument. interius embryonem arcte vestiens, utrinque
apieulat. Embryo ordinis.

Has. Assam. In arenosis. Burrumpootur : March 29th,
1836. no. 458.

Capituli axin totam terminantes racemosim dispositi,
Color. griseo-canus, flosculor. luteus.

2. Conyze sp.

Herba erecta 3-4 pedalis, fol. alterna sessilia lanceolata,
deorsum attenuata acuminata inequaliter dentato-serrata,
rigida, subtus pubescentia longitudine 8 unciali, latitudine ex-
tremá 2 unciali, venis secondariis sursum curvatis, apicibus
gradatim attenuatis et evanidis intra marginem.

Paniculee axillares terminalisque conico-pyramidales ma-
ximze que composite, pubescenti-villose. Ramulis
bi-tri-floris, capitulo terminale prius evoluto. Pedicellis sub
$-bracteolatis.

Involucrum cylindraceum basi ovatum multiplici serie im-
bricatum.

Receptaculum convexum, tenuissime setaceo-pilosum, he-
terogamum.

Flosculi radii plurimi, multiseriati, feminei tubulosi, tubo
gracillimo longo, ore conformi 3-fido, laciniis dorso pilis
capitato-glandulosis maximis paucis gerentibus. Stylus fili-

o

Stigmata angustissima linearia subexserta.

Disci paucissimi sub 10, hermaphroditi tubulosi sursum
gradatim sed paullulum ampliato 5-fidi, laciniæ glanduloso-
piliferæ et parce piliferze, æstivatione valvatæ, venatio Bruno-
niana, v. recurrenti 0.

Stam. tubo basin ejus versus inserta. Antheræ utrinque
appendiculate, appendicula apicali, plana truncata, basilare
setiforme. Pollen globosum hispidum, pluri (3) seriatum.
Ovaria teretiuscula pubescentia apice glandulosa, ovula li-
bera, (ordinis) raphe ad epochum florescentia semi yel $ com-
pleta apicem nempe non attingenta,

BLUMIA. 229

Discus epigynus mediocris. Stylo basis vix dilatata. Pap-
pus sessilis 1-seriatus, setaceus dentatus. ý

Pili receptaculi tenuissimi, septato cellulo terminale lon-
gissimo.

Akenia oblonga vix compressa, brunnea striata, pu-
bescentia, basi callósá umbilicatà perforatá, apice glandu-
losa.

Testa pericarpio adherens, non sine lateratione solubilis.
Embryo ordinis. E

Han. Assam. Seloni Mookh in umbrosis: April 5th,
1836. no. 475.

Stigmata hermaphroditorum conformia fzmineis sed ma-
joribus, Contusa graveolens. Secus Sprengelii enumerationem
Gen. Plant, Vol. 2, p. 618, vix alii generis quam Gna-
phalii,

Valde affinis sp. (1) 458, p. 227, sed differt. receptaculo
piloso. Conyza Juss. Gen. 180, non obstante recepta-
culo piloso,

BLUMIA.
Blumie Sp.

Fructus raminus, pedunculo unciale robusto insidens,
Subspericus lignosus, areolatus, exareola quaque spina
angulata echinata, 5-locularis, loculicidim 5 valvis, valvis
Septisque aurantiaceis, crassis.

Semina cujusque loeula 2, 4, angulo interiori basin loculi
Versus affixa, ascendentia oblonga, subclavata, castanea funi-
culo succulento luteo fere arilliformi insident. each making
an indentation in the inner face of the valve. :
Raphe 4 complete ramis e chalaza ortis dichotomis szepius,
integument. ramificantibus.

Tegumentum crassum, medio osseum, albumen carnosum
"Opiosum, Embryo carnoso oleosum.

leula infera.

230 COMPOSIT.E.

Cotyledones plane foliacez ratione albuminis oblique.
Sent to me from Malacca, found on Puloh Ladong.

EcriPTA.

1. Eelipta. ’

Annua prostrata hispida, pilis adpressis, fol. opposita! Ti-
nearia lanceolata, serrato-denticulata. Capituli bini pseudo-
axillares, pedunculati, interiori caulem vero terminali prius
evoluto, exteriori vero axillari, axilla folii oppositi ramum
caulis prolongationem mentiente gerent.

Involucr, sub 3-seriat. squame foliacez lanceolate inte-
riores minores, demum radiantia initio ascendentia.

Flosculi radii ligulati, disci tubulosi, utriusque fertilis, his
nempe femineis illis hermaphroditis. Receptaculum con-
vexum, setas plumosas gerens.

Fl. disci feeminei, tubus gracilis, ore hinc piloso, cellu-
loso, limbus linearis obtusus integerime bifidusve.

Stylus filiformis basi non dilatat. tubo duplo brevior.
fasciculis vasculosis 2. Stigma 2. Ovaria compressa apicibus
viridibus subconicis truncatis.

Raphe ad epocham evolutionis saccula embryoniferi brevis,
ovulo triplo brevior.

Disci infundibuliformes, tubo brevissimo, laciniis 4 papil-
losis, zestivatione valvatis.

Stam. 4 inclusa, (sed nec tubo) anthere ovate leviter co-
herentes. Pollen globosum hispidum. Stigmata 2 latiora
ac in feemineo.

Ovarium idem, Venatio Brunonian, venula decurrenti
nulla, v. apicibus clavatis, conniventib. sed nec conti-
guis.

Akenia compressa, alba, cellulosa, marginibus incras-
satis, calycis limbo angustato denticulato coronat. apice
pilosa,

Pericarp. atrum duram coriaceum rugosulam hispidul&v?

ECLIPTA. 931

akenio adnatum. Semen liberum testa tenuissima simplex,
elevato-punctata,

Embryo albus, orthotropus radicula conica, cotyledonz ob-
ongs.

Has. Assam. In arenosis Burrumpootur: March 23rd,
1836. no. 441. .

2. Eclipta.

Involucr. imbricatum subbiseriate, foliolis lanceolatis,
l-nervus, reticulatis exterioribus majoribus interiora supe-
rantibus. Flosculi radii ligulati feminei, disci tubulosi
hermaphroditi.

los. radii tubus brevissimus, limbus lineari-spathulatus
subinteger irregulariterve bifidus, faux partis tubulose
extus quoad axis setas 2-3 gerens. Stylus vix exsertus fili-
formis, stigma obsolete emarginatum.

Ovaria angulato-clavata apices versus viridia idemque se-
tigera. Pappus obsolete 4-5 dentat. dentibus breve mucro-
natis, ovulum cuneato-oblongum erectum.

Ovaria florum disci omnino conformia. Cor. campanu-
lato-infundibuliformis tubo angustato, limbo 4-fido laciniis
erectis ovatis papillosis. Stamina fauci tubi inserta, tot quot
dentis corollinze et iis alternantis, filam. filiform. Antherz ob-
longe leviter cohzerentes bilocul. Stylus filiformis semi-exser-
tus. Stigmata 2 recurva, Clinandrium, setis aristisve ciliatis
- Subpinnatis donat.

Akenia cuneata compressa ad apicem setosa marginibus
cellulosis albis obtuse dentatis, angustatis. Pappus obsoletus
denticulatus, Pericarp. atrum rugosulum. Testa mem-
branacea tenuissima vix separabilis. Radix conica, Cotyle-
dones ovules obtuse. Plamula 0. A

ba decumbens hirsuta, Petioli basi dilatati connati,

oaa ovata vel lanceolata dentata. Capituli axillares vel in
~J0tomiis caulis sito plerumque geminati, corollz albe.
^8. Bengal on the Jellinghey river : Sept. Gth, 1835.

952 COMPOSITAE
XANTHIUM,

Xanthium indicum.

Annua herbacea erecta ramosa pubescentia pilosa, caulibus
ramisque purpureo-maculatis, fol. longe petiolatis cordatis si-
nuato-lobatis, grosse dentatis, basi 3-nerviis, tactu scabris.

Inflorescentia terminalis paniculatis, mascula in capitulis
subconicis densifloris, superior. fem. solitariis basin versus pa-
nicule abbreviate, flores inconspicui viridescenti.

Mas. capituli bracteati, bracteis (infimis involucrum for-
mantibus), lanceolatis pilosis.

Per. tubulosum 5-dentat. dentibus erectis basi albida, parce
pilosa zestivatione valvatis. Stam. 4 hypogyna, filamentis in
tubum filiform. omnino coalitis, apice exsertus. Anth. erectz
oblongo-lineares magne biloculari, libere, membran. longit.
dehiscent. introrse, connectiv. ultra loculos paulum producte.
Pollen album magnum globosum leve. Rad. fem. Stylus
filiformis. Stigma papillos. intra tubum staminum recon-

ditum

You. involuc. 6-7 phyllum, foliolis bracteis marum con-
formibus demum deciduum. Per. tubulosum, apicem cous-

tricte perforat. pubescens, pilis foritibus uncinatis armatis,
ovaria 2 includens, e 2 nempe format. Stylus filiformis,
stigmata 2 linearum longiss. e perforationem perianth. ex-
serta. Ovar. l-loculare, l-ovulat. ovulo erecto foramen hilum

ope,

Fructus perianth. nudum ovato-lanceolat. pubescens, pilis .

uncinatis armat. apice biapiculat. quam maxima indarat.
fere osseum biloculare, loculo quoque akenia unam gerente.

Akenium styli basin apiculat. nigrescente. Tegument:
duplex utrinque tenuissimum membranacea, semen erectum
exalbuminosum. Embryo orthotropus radicula conico-sub-
acuto infera. Plumuli conspicui, 2-phylla, foliolis involuto-
conduplicatis ; Cotyledones carnose, plano-convexiusculi.

Hag. In ruderatis humidis Mergue: March 1835.
1095.

n9»

|
l
]
|
|
|

i

BIDENS. 233

Venatio Brunoniana, odor Compositaram! antheræ den-
tibus perianth. opposit. ? stipule 0.

Differt. e Synantheriis, filamentis connatis, antheris liberis,
akeniis liberis, perianth. fæmineis, Plura Urticearum,

BIDENS.

Bidens.

Caulis quadrangulus oppositis petiolatis imis simplicibus
reliquis 3-foliatis, foliolis ovatis basi obliquis dentato-serratis.

Involucrum imbricatum, squamis sericea exterioris foliaceis,
initio erectis caeteris scariosis estivatione conniventi-incum-
bentibus, heteroganum.

Flosculi radii pauci ligulati feminei, tubo brevissimo ligu-

lata obovata inzqualiter 3-dentata, dentibus mucronatis

ore nudo. Venatio Brunoniana, venis etiam axilibus valide
conspicuis textura ambiente lutea, nullo modo anastomo santi-
bus cum venulis lateralibus.

Disci nunc basi tubulosi 5-fidi aurei, lacinia 5ta ut in aliis
antica zestivatione valvatis tubo brevissimo nempe basin supra
paullo ampliato, (suddenly) venatio Brunon. v. apicibus
confluent,

Stam. parte ampliate initio inserta. Anther. basi simpli-
cis apice conspicue appendiculatz, appendicula lanceolata.
tylus basi attenuatus. Stigma valide papillosa aurea.
Ovaria cylindraceo-angulata ore calycino simplice denticulato
hine utrinque in setam retrorso-denticulatam sete rarius 3,
Corolla $ breviorem product. Ovula libera raphe incompleta.
ceptaculum paleaceum. Discus florum disci valide
volutas hinc fissus sub 5-dentat. dentibus filam. alternant.
Pollen globosum hispidum.
Akenia ?

Has. Assam, In arenosis. Burrumpootur: March 30ih,
1836. no, 460,
E 2

234 COMPOSITA.

A Sprengelia inter Eupatorinas perfectas locatus, sed vix
recta. Processus 2 an plures ad stant. ore ligulatorum, an
stamin. rudimenta? Florum ovarium solidum.

CoruLa.

1. Cotule sp.

Prostrata ramosa piloso-pubescens, fol pinnatifida am-
bitu ovata, capitula solitaria, terminalis pedunculata. Torus
exterior nullus, capitula basi concavá.

Invol. biseriat. squamis foliaceis, oblongis. Receptaculum

. conicum, medio lacunosum nudum. *

Flosculi breviter pedicellati, difformes, disci hermaphroditi
tubulosi, 4-5 fidi ; radii tubulosi, feminei limbis irregulariter
4-5 fidi multo minoribus.

Akenia (immatura) cellulosa compressa glanduloso-pilosa.
Calycis limbo urceolato dentato, dentibus setigeris coronata.

Tegument. tenuissimum, e 2 connatis, exterius masses '

grumosas continens. Embryo orthotropus, cotyledones ova-
tes radiculum brevem superantes.

Venatio Brunoniana v. decurrente 0. Stigmata floscu-
lorum disci ovata, duplo angustiora et magis papillosa quam
radialibus. Æstiv. valvata. Pollen globosum. FI. disci se-
rius evoluti.

Has. Assam. Burrumpootur : March 22nd, 1836. no. 437.

Videtur esse Cotule species.

Raphe demum tantum formatum, et circa apicem pro-
ducta, forsan completa. In ovaria immatura ovula leviter

coadnata sunt,

2. Cotule sp.

Herba annua pussilla ramosa basi prostrata. Caule lanato
dichotome diviso, fol. spathulato-dentata sessilia. Capitula
inconspicui sessilis vel breviter pedunculati hemispherici.

Involucrum ratione capituli minimum, e squamis oblongo-
spathulatis marginibus membranaceis biseriatis, Recepta-
culum nudum convexiusculum.

na a or etie ai

COTULA. 935

" Flores difformes, disci tantum corolla completa donato.
Radii femineive plurimi, ovariis pilosis compressis, calycis
limbo truncato nudo. Corolla tubulosa apice nec dilatata,
minute 2-4 dentato, ovaria aliquoties (3-plo) brevior.

Stylus longitudine corolle, stigmata 2 ascend. Ovulum Ll
basi affizum, raphe ad epochum evolutionis embryonis vix
evidens.

Disci : calycis limbus 5-dentat. dentibus parvis "petalis al-
ternant. "Tubus corollz brevis, limbus 4-laciniatus, laciniis
patentibus, zestivatione valvatis, venatio Brunon. laciniar. vix
conspicue certe irregularis. Stam. totidemjanthere leviter, .

rentes basi sagittatze. Stigmata ovata brevie papillosa.
Stylus filiformis basi paullo dilatatus.

Tegument. seminum immaturor. e membranis 2 tenuibus
quarum exterius lutescens. Embryo orthotropus. Raphe
nulla, sublentem „l, non conspicue. Pl. CCCCLXVI. Fig. i.

B. Assam. In arenosis, Burumapootra: March 23rd,
1836, no. 440,

3. Cotule sp.

Herba annua erecta ramosa hirta, fol. alternis sessilibus
obovatis duplicato-dentatis, cymis axillaribus et terminalibus,
Capitulis hzmispheericis inconspicuis, centralibus primo
evolutis,

. Involuer. ratiune capituli parvum, subbiser at. squamis
lanceolatis apice fimbriatis.

ceptacul. nudum convexum. Flosculi disci tubulosi
hermaphrodit. radii feminei.

Radii : corolla conica cellulosa, apice 3-denticulata. Stylus
hujus longitudine. Stigmata subexserta minima. Calycis lim-
Aus obsoletus, obsoleto-dentatus. Disci : infundibuliformes,
L a æstivatione valvati, series evolut. 0. decurrente

di bem leviter cohzrentes apiculate. Stigmata lanceolata
ora,

236 COMPOSITAE.

Ovaria disco obovata, relique ovato-oblonga glabra, ovulis
coherentia.

In arenosis Burrumpootur : March 23rd, 1836. no. 443.

Ejusdem generis cum precedent. no. 440.

4. Cotule sp.

Planta annua, ramosissima, ramis busi decumbentibus,
fol. alterna bipinnatifida, laciniis angusto-lanceolatis. Capi-
tulis Zerminalibus binis solitariisve, hoc casu exterior prior
evolutus, caulem terminat. interior vere axillaris est.

Involucr. imbricat. £riseriatum? radiatum, serie exteriore
aliquoties majori, squamis lanceolatis. Receptaculum paullo
convexum, lacunosum, centro leviusculo externe tuberculat.

Flosculi radii feminei, disci pauci hermaphroditi tantum
corollato completi.

Radii plurimi, breviter pedicellati, a petali! Calycis lim-
bus bipes 3-denticulat. Stylus filiformis, stigmata
2 angusta.
Disci infundibuliformes, tubo cylindrico-4-fidi laciniis
zestivat. valvatis.

Anthere apiculate. Stigmata lata exserta, stylo nempe
hinc extrorsum quoad corollam flexo.

Ovaria glandulosa, calycis limbo obsoleto.

Ovula ovario adnata, Akenia oblonga compressa, calycis
denticulato limbo coronata albo-cellulosa compressa mar-
ginibus incrassatis, radii stylo apiculat. Testa pallide brun-
nea subsimplex, membran. tenuiss. Embryo ordinis.

Has Assam. In arenosis, Burrumpootur: March 23rd,
1836. no. 444.

Quam maxime affinis quoad genus przcedenti an satis,
differt. Flosculis radii pedicellatis apetalis, et habitu. Re-
ceptaculoque extus vel ambitu versus tuberculat. (tuberculis
a pedicellis ortis.)

GNAPHALIUM. " Cy
5. Cotule sp.

Herba 4-5 uncialis, caulibus decumbentibus radicantib.
ramosis superne flocculosis, foliis sessilibus spathulato-ob-
tusis, dentatis. Capitulis solitariis axillaribus, fere sessilibus
hemisphzricis. Invol. polyphyllum imbricat.

Flores disci pauci masculi, radii feminei. Cal. trun-
catus. Cor. tubo brevi limbo 4-partit. Anth. 4 discretz
vix coalite, laciniis alternis, filam. fauci inserte. Stigma
capitatum bilobum.

08 radii cal. truncatus, brevissim. 4-dentatus, corolla
tubulosa, Anth. O. Stigmata 2 brevia. Stylus filiformis.
Ovarium extus pilosum. Ovulum 1, erectum, Akenia mar-
gine calycis truncata coronata pilosa.

Petalorum venatio normalis quoad ordo sed inconspicua.
PN In ruderatis, Mergue: July, September, 1834. mo.

GNAPHALIUM.

J, Gnaphalii sp. Pl. CCCCLXVII.

Planta spithamea, sericeo-canescens. Ramis subradiatis
lateralibus basi decumbentibus centrali erecto.

„Folia linearia vel lineari-spathulata varia torta, summa
“rca inflorescentiam aggregata subverticillata.

E Capitulorum aggregationes terminales, interdum ob elonga-
nem rami ex axillis folii supremi unius tantum videntur la-

l E * Capitulus quisque subovatus terminalis prius evo-
utus,

Squamis ext
" lcatis, lon

Re cuspidatis, subglabris.
Ceptaculum ceterum nudum.

Flores forminei, in axillis squamarum exteriorum cons-
*X ovario subglanduloso. Corolla anguste tubu-

258 COMPOSIT.E,

losa, apice obsoliti 3-loba et stylo ordinario ramis exsertis.
Flores squamarum interiorum pappigeri abortivi, stylo in
tubo incluso.

Flores summi masculi, vere terminales? in receptaculo
rugoso nudi an ob abortion. squamarum radii. Ovarium ut
in floribus femin. abortionis. Pappus idem, dentatus
Corolla tubulosa, apice 4-fida, venatio Brunoniana. An-
there 4, basi et apice, appendiculate, medium tubi versus
exsertz, Stylus clavatus apice pubescens.

Fructus oblongus subcompressus, corolla in axillis squama-
rum exteriorum et stylo dentius persistente, hujus ramis
forsan elongatis, glandulosum.

Seminis tegumenti unicum embryonarium solubile. Em-
bryo ordinis.

1. Plant natural sige.

. 2. Head of inflorescence.

3. One of its component parts detached,

4. Portion of do. shewing the structure of the capitulum.

5. Portion of do. shewing the nakedness of the male
flowers, the suffultion by a bracte of the remainder, and
the change in structure in these as we proceed upwards.

6. Female flowers and its bracte, the stigmata are anterior
and posterior.

7. Female flower detached shewing the want of pappus,
and the small development of the corolla.

7a. Ovarium viewed under pressure.

a. Calyx, its wall glandular colored and furnished with
two vascular facicles which send two branches into
the corolla, and a corresponding number to the style.

b. Very fine evascular pure membrane which I consider
to be the ovarial wall and which is detachable by
pressure, although evidently attached to the base
the style, c. ovule.

8. Imaginary section of female flower not carried through
the ovulum. I will not answer for the correctness of
the situation of the ovule.

QUEE S cw

GNAPHALIUM. ' 299

9. Abortive flower from the axil of one of the inner scales.
Pappus well developed. Corolla badly so, dentate at
apex, and enclosing within it an obscurely emarginate
style.

9a. Imaginary section of do. not carried through the ovary.

10. Male flower. 11. Section of do. not carried through
ovary. Pappus chiefly removed. "The ovula of both
such flowers, (9 and 10) are abortive, or rather come to
nothing.

ll. Anther back view of. Filaments evascular! 105. Pap-
pus portion of.

12. Fruits. 12a. Same, corolla and Style lapsed, the
branches of the style and their corresponding stigmatic
surface appear to enlarge or elongate at least after im-
pregnation,

12. Shews the structure of the coats of the akenuim, a ge-
Ruine one in this instance although the inner coat is
Separable, a calycine coat, 5 embryonary sacculate, so
that the ovarial coat, the testa, and nucleary coat have
disappeared.

13, Section of fruit, a ovarial coat, 6 that derived from the
embryonary sac, c embryo.

M. Portion of arachnoid threads.

Candahar : May, 1839.

AB. Candahar Affzanisthan, see Itin. Notes p. 272, no.

632. A tendency in Gnaphalium to have radiate ramification,

- This is an interesting plant, in asmuch as it points out

"à tendency in the female flowers to be external, their ten-

ia to be provided with bractes, to have no pappus, and

: development of the corolla, and total abortion of

"us Organs, It shews, that in such instances there js

of sradual change of development towards the interior

ae Capitulus, those flowers which are provided with
78 and situated interiorly, being abortive and having
he but still without a trace of male organs. It
WS that in some cases the’ male flowers are more

240 COMPOSITAE.

terminal than the female, and that the female organ is
far more permanent than the male, since these are pro-
vided, with rudiments of females, indeed to a consider-
able amount of development.

he change of structure towards the apex of the filament
appears due to a condensation of structure, no fibrous
cells exist in the anther, which however dehised perfectly.
The filaments are evascular. The venation of the corolla
is Brunonian. The structure of the ovarium is very cu-
rious and merits further investigation. If the membranous
separable inner coats be really the ovarium, it forms a
transition to certain cases of Dipsacez and Scævoleæ, it
affords a most anomalous instance of the possibility of the
style being vascular, while the ovarium is evascular.

Of the structure of the fruit I have little doubt; the outer
tegument of the akenuim appears to me to be calycine, the in-
ner belongs to the embryonary sac, which there is some rea-
son for supposing to be the most permanent coat of an ovu-
lum, as it is the last in formation, its structure in Composite
is peculiar, consisting of a single series of cells, each of
which has a grumous nucleus.

There is considerable affinity, between this Gnaphalioide#
and the monocotyledonous-looking plant of the same order;
from Abigoon, see Itinerary Notes p. 232, no. 231. And I
may here mention that this transitionary appearance exists
at its maximum, in a plant, which I suspect to be Roxburgh’s
ZEthulia axillaris. | l

2. Gnaphalii sp. Pl. CCCCLXVIII,

Planta minima canescens radiati-ramosa. Folia ad basin
caulis et subinflorescentias aggregata, linearia revoluta vel
patent. Capituli compositi dense arachnoidei nivei. Partialis
subrotundis, paucifloris. Squamis cymbiformibus marginibus
approximatis et arachna dense quasi clausis, ore tantum e
scure hiantibus, extimis minoribus 5 intimis subverticillatis
radiatis, exceptis omnibus fæmineis,

GNAPITALIUM. 941

Flos femineus e corolla angust tubulosa obscure 3-den-
tata, ovario glabriusculo, stylo stigmatibus ordinis, extimis
abortivis.

Flores masculi discoidei pauci 3-4, terminalis squamis 5
intimis vacuis circumcincti; structu ordinario. Pappo pareo
dentato. Antheris subinclusis.

Akenia recouditi in sinubus squamarum obovati, compres-
siusculi, lzevia glabra tegument bina, exterius calycinum lutes-
cens, interius grumoso-areolatum (ex emDryones sacculo
ortum) Embryo ordinis.

l. Plant natural size.

2, Capitulus single separated,

3, Same, some squam:ze removed, the others separated, the

5 upper ones subverticillate somewhat spread out.

4. Another view the 5 upper squamæ as seen in the dry
State: the arachne supposed to be removed, it shews
the small development of the outermost squame and

. their flowers, the want of flowers to the verticillate
ones,

Female flower and scale, which contains the whole of

the flower, except the apex of corolla, and the stigmati-

ferous branches of the style. 5a Female flower.

6. Male flower,

7. Same Spread open.

8. Portion of Pappus.

9. Anthera.

10. Portion of wall of its cell, the fibres rudimentary and
quite wanting in the basilar appendages.

ll. Akenuim, which is quite smooth.

12. Section of ditto. A calycine tegument. à Embyonary.

€ Embryo, *

e

*

I3. Portion of tegument of akenuim. a Calycine. 0 em-
“Fyonary saccular.
p.979. ar: May, 1839. Vid. Itin. Notes no. 633,
Ons. The chief points worthy of notice are the small de-
r2

242 'GOMPOSITAE.

velopment of the outer scales and their flowers; the want of
female flowers to the innermost ones, their verticillation and
distance from the female scales, and relations to the male
flowers, and the small development of pappus of these.

From no. (1) 682, it differs subgenerically at least in the
above points except perhaps the first,

As the scales, which appear always to be 5, around the
male flowers, although similar structure to those containing
the female flowérs are always empty, it is a point of enquiry
whether the male flowers are developed in their axillze or not.
This I have been unable to do owing to the age and withering
of the single specimen I have found. But as in (1) 632 there
is an evident tendency in the innermost scales to have abortive
female flowers, there is no reason why that tendency should
not be complete in this instance,

The spicate inflorescence of the female, and the capitulate do.
of the male, is well shewn in this plant, and judging from
this we should not be surprised at finding a Composita with
obviously spicate female Lo and more or less distant,
(perhaps involucrate) capitulum of males.

Is not the tendency to have the axis of inflorescence ter-
minated by male flowers universal in the order. Are not the
males of the really terminal capitulus more numerous than
the lateral ones?

The vascularity of this plant is small, the marginal
veins of the lacinee of the corolla being obsolete, at least
under a lens } focal distance, the vessels of the fruit are very
indistinct, Mud. none? exist in the stamina. The stigmatose
branches of the style are well developed in the male flowers
and it would appear that in most such instances these
bf&nches are more papillose than the true ones.

3. Gnaphali sp.

Herba erecta ramosa lana parum conspicue vestita; 14 pê-
dalis. fol. sessilia linearia, sinuato-repanda, mucrona sphace
lato-acutata.

GNAPHALIUM; 243.

Inflorescentia vel ramos axillares vel caulem. terminans
dichotome. Capitulis aggregatis axin terminantibus prius
evolutis ovatis.

Involucrum imbricat. squamis pluriseriatis scariosis late
ovatis citrinis lucidisque, demum: radiatis patentibus.

Receptaculum planiusculum, minute tuberculat.

Flosculi difformes. omnes fertiles, radii plurimi tubulosi
filiformes, apice conformi, denticulati, feminei. Stigmata in-
clusa angusta.

Disci pauciores, infundibuliformes, 5-fidi, hermaphroditi
venatio Brunoniana v. lateralibus forsan incompletis. v.
recurrenti 0,

Antherz apiculo plano, basi sagittate. Stylus basi. bulbo-

Ovaria omnia oblonga teretiuscula, cellulis papillosa.
Pappus dentatus ima;basi quasi pectinatus. Tegument. semin.
immatur. simplex. Embryo ordinis.

AB. Assam, In arenosis Burrumpootur: March 22nd,
1836, no. 446.

1 Gnaphalii sp.

Herba erecta annua glanduloso-pilosum. Caule basi simplice-
fol, sessilibus, ambitu obovatis, alternis, runcinatis, lobis
Inzqualiter serratis, serraturis mucronatis summis lanceolatis,
indivisus. Cymis axillaribus racemosim dispositis, ceteris.
Cymosim, corymbum terminale formant. Capitulis terminali-
bus prius evolutis, nutantibus subcylindricis.

Invol. imbricat. squamis difformibus, exteriorib. aristatis,
arista simplice ramosave, glandula terminata ut etiam rami,
reflex, interioribus coloratis scariosis erectis breviter acu-
minatis, e

Receptaculum paullo convexum, favulosum solid.

. *“osculi difformes, radii fzeminei plurimum tubulosi elongati

sracillimi, 4-dentati. Stylus exsertus. Stigmata papillosa
à lutea,

244 COMPOSITAE.

Radii hermaproditi pauci tubulosi, apices versus dila-
tata ideoque subinfundibuliformes 5-fidi, laciniis marginibus
cellulosis luteis, pilis cellulosis hispidis. venatio Brunon.
v. recurrent 0. :

Antherz semi-exserte basi sagittate apice plane. Stig-
mata exserta latiora acin femineis. Stylus basi bulbosus.

Ovaria omnia pilis hirsuta. Pappus setaceus dentatus,
]-seriatus. Ovula libera, linearia, ordinis, raphe 0.

Akenia oblonga cylindraciuscula, striata hispida, disci

coronata, disco epigyne truncato. Semen liberum, tegumen-
tum simplex.

AB. Assam. In arenosis. Burrumpootur: March 23rd,
24th, 1836. no. 447.

Genus distinct ob formam involucri squamarum exteriorum
et aristis glanduloso-capitatis, alioque certe affinis prece-
denti non obstanti habitu diverso, membrana tenuis akenii
parietes vestut. An testa? hoc casu fructus non akenium sed
carlyopsis erit. Ovula serius certe adnatum pericarpio.

5. Gnaphalii sp.

Annua spithamea, cano-lanata, fol. alternis sessilib. spathu-
latis dentatis capitulis, ovatis glomerulatis, glomerulis axillari-
bus terminalibusque, centralibus prius evolutis, fusco-griseis,
basilana involutis plerumque ternatum aggregatis: sessili-
bus ideoque spicze composite.

Invol. subbiseriat. squamis scariosis fuscis, linearibus post
anthesin deflexis. —

Recept. minute tuberculat. - j

Flosculi difformes radii plurimi faminei imperfect corollato.
Corolla tubulosa ore conformi-dentato valde irregulariterque
stigmata inclusa. !

Disci pauci hermaphroditi infundibuliformes 3-fidi-venatio
Brunoniana v. lateral incompletis vel nullis. Antherze basi sagit
tate. Stigmata capitata! Ovaria oblonga teretiuscula pubes
centia, libera raphe 0. Pappus setaceus dentatus 1-seriatus

*

EI ENRE

SAUSSURE Æ. 245

Akenia immatura teretiuscula, pilis cellulosis pubescentia
subhyalina tenuissima.

Tegument. unicum liberam. Embryo ordinis.

Has. Assam. In arenosis Burrumpooter communis : March
24, 1836. no. 449.

Stylus basi valide bulbosus vasculorum fascic. 2, basi
styli coalita vel approximata. Pollen globosum,

Ejusdem generis cum precedent, no. 446.

SAUSSUREJE.
Saussuree sp.

Pedunculi apice incrassati. Involucrum ovato-conicum,
imbricatum, squamis exterioribus parvis, apice processu trian-
gulari cristatis, foliaceis interioribus multo longioribus colo-
Tatis, nudis.

Receptaculum convexiusculum, paleis setaceo-subulatis.

integerrimis ! hispidum.
.Floseuli hermaphroditi tubulosi. Tubo gracile sursum
VIX ampliato, lacinias 5 linearibus obtusis marginibus sub-
lente modice augentis celluloso-crenatis, purpureo-rosaceis, v.
Tecurrenti 0, — 1

Anthere exsertze dimidium superius steril. processubus
bases divisis, cellulosis. Stylus basi bulbosus.

Ovaria oblonga striata, annulo apice obsoleto.

Pappus plumosus decidius l-seriatus basi connatus pilis
longissimis simplicissimis. Ovula libera, raphe, anti anthesin
nulla, post completa.
| Akenia, oblongo-obovata compressa. irregulariter costata,
“unhea, Costis pallidis, coronata calycis limbo urceolata sub-
mtegro discoque epigyno marcesco conico.

"Has, Assam, I nosis. Bu ooter : March 23, 1836.
Wan. « In arenosis, Burrump

An generice differt a sequent, no, 431, p.—-involucra squa-

246 COMPOSITA.

mis exterioribus processiferis, paleisque receptaculi e dentatis
pappaque in hoc simplici. Pl. COCCLXVI. Fig. f.

a. b. testa.

c. d. raphe.

e. nucleus.

Oss. In this the fruit is certainly a caryopsis, theteguments
are two, both separating with the paricarp, to which the outer
adheres firmly.

Pappus duplex exterior incompletus ? e squamulis truncatis
minimis denticulatis, unilateralis an semper.

An Saussurea, of De Cand. ?

Cirsium.

Cirsii sp.

Herbacea erecta I3-2 pedalis. Caule striato superne car-
noso, fol. sessilia ambita spathulato-obovata, sinuato-pinna-
tifida. dentibus spinosis armata supra parce infra albo lanato-
villosa, summis indivisis. Capitula solitaria, ramulos paucos
terminantes. Pedunculi hinc illinc folia floralia linearia
gerentis.

Involucrum imbricat. pluriseriatim, squamis lanceolatis, in-
timis subscariosis, omnibus apicibus coloratis plus minus
reflexis, intimorum ante anthesin conniventibus subinflexis-
que, exteriorum apicibus subspinescentibus.

Flosculi plurimi omnes fertiles, tubulosim, tubo albo longi-
tudinem involucri superanti, basi luteo exterioribus extror-
sum curvatis, cylindricis, fauce tumida laciniis 5-linearibus
angustissima radiantibus, carneo-purpurascentibus. Stam.
5 laciniis alternantia. Antherze basi sagittatze cohzrentes
eodem colore cum laciniis, apicibus anguste cuneatis. Sty- |
lus, filiformis. Pollen globosum hispidum ; stigmata 2, bre- |
viter pubescentia, tubo anthereo inclusa, arcte cohaerentia. |

iscus epigynus carnosus elevatus, in cujus apice stylus
articulatus est.

——ÀÜÓ

LACTUCA. 247

Pappus plumosus, copiosus, biseriatus. Ovaria glabra
alba, apice calycis margine crenulato intra quem pappus
oritur coronata compressa, ovula l basi afixa, foramen
hilum prope, raphe completa.

Receptaculum conicum, sursum inter flores in paleis pili-
formes dentatas product.

Has. Assam. In graminosis, Bishenath: March 20ih,
1836. no. 431.

Oss. The nucleus is united firmly to the integuments of the
ovula, which appear to be two, the raphe is nearly com-
plete, and evidently runs within the outer integument, and
in the substance of the nucleus itself, it contains spiral ves-
sels and disappears gradually within the lip of the foramen.

The structure of the palez is nearly the same with that
of the pappus, with this difference that none of its periphe-
rial cells are elongated into simple hairs.

Venatio Brunoniana venulam apice quasi clavate conni-
Ventes sed nec decurrentes, stigmata post anthesin exserta,
Corollze apicem versus primo marcescens. Sacculus in quo
embryonem oritur, nec membranaceus aste cellulis parvis
formatur, JEstivatio valvata. Inflorescentia orthodoxa, flos-
culis centralibus nempe tardius expansis, vel flosculis gra-
us à peripheria ad centro evolutis. Pl. CCCCLXVI.
1g. a.

LACTUCA.

l. Lactuca bialata Gr.

Herbacea basi suffruticosa 5-6-pedalis tota glaucescens,
Succo lacteo læte, Caulis simplex crassus solidus. Folia
alterna pendula indivisa lineari-ensiformia pedalia diametro
trans, Subuncialia, acuminata, sessilia, basin versus parce fim-
briata dentata, cæterum denticulata, denticulis mucroniformi-
bus ; vena infra prominula alte carinata, quasi triangulari-
Ma ; supra planiuscula, medio longitudinaliter et obsole-

248 COMPOSITAE.

tiuscula cristata, v. secondariz inconspicuz oblique arcuatz,
pagina caeterum minute reticulata, cuticula infera stomatosa.
Folia infima, marcescent. tortilia brunnea.

Axilis gemmiferis, gemmis superioribus postaram szpe
elongatis floriferis.

Panicula terminalis ramosissima longitudine pedalis vel ses-
quipedalis ambitu pyramidata, diametro transversal. pedali,
erecta ramis quam maxima divaricatis, paucifloris, basi bractea
lineari-subulata, membranacea suffultis.

Capituli terminales axeos primum evoluti, tuncque termi-
nales ramorum, (more solito) inferiores cujusque rami race-
mosi, summi solitaria, vel potius rami basi compositi apice
simpliciter racemosi, erectiusculi, pedicellas 3 uncialis, brac-
teolis imbricatis squamiformibus fere omnino vestitos termi-
nantis.

Alabastra exacti cylindiacea. Anthoideum apice excepto
patente, etiam cylindraceum ; squame glauco-virides, margini-
bus albis, apice sphacelatze dorso centraliter obsoleti-cari-
nate obtusæ, extimze ovate intermedize sublanceolate, intime
lineares apice patentes.

Flosculi omnes ligulati, intus pallide straminei, extus
purpureo-obsoletissima tincti, ligule patenti-reflexze, apice
5-dentatz, dente centrali, profundiore sed minus elevato,
venis interne prominulis striiformibus notate, dorso preci-
pue basis versus villose. Receptaculum scrobiculatum in-
terstitus more conorum elevatis.

Tubus elongatus gracilis clavatus. ligulam —subzquans
apicem versus densiuscula villosus. Stamina fauci inserta.
Antherz lineares coherentes, appendice apicali rotundato,
appendicibus basilaribus binis setiformibus breviusculis, mar-
ginibus a medio supra ut appendix terminalis atro-brunneis.

Pollen 1 globosum flavum, majusculum hispidum. Stylus an
pentahedrum filiformis, apicem versus hispidulus basi parum
dilatatus, apice atro-tinctus ut stigmatum dorsa. Stigmata 2
revoluta, dorso hirta ventre dense velutino hirtella.

Ovarium sessile, lageniforme, glabrum utrinque ala meni-

LACTUCA. 249

branacea integra venoso-striatum, more radiato, collo crasso
viridescente.

Pappus copiosus sericeus, tubum longitudine vel paullo
excedens, denticulatus, dentibus distantibus,

Ovulum unicum ovatum, |

Discus epigynus insignis rotundata, depressa integer.

Has. Assam : local name Bone 4/00, or wild opium. When
Kanee or opium is scarce, the natives cut the stem into pieces,
and soak bits of cloth in the milk, it has the same effect as
opium, though it is not used now as that drug is so cheap in
Assam, but in the days of the Burmese rule in that province,
it was commonly employed.

_ In campis circa Suddyam ; floret July 1836. Lactucze affinis
indistinct obovaria bialata.

2. Lactuce sp.

Annua pusilla, fol. alternis sessilibus lanceolatis, subden-
tatis. Cymis corymbosis paucifloris, floribus purpureo-rubris
inflorescentia corymbi centrifuga.

Capituli subcylindracei.

Involuerum imbricatum monogamum.

osculi omnes perfecti tubulosi, tubo sursum gradatim
ampliato, 5-fida, laciniis lineari-oblongis zestivatione valvatis
v. Brunonian, v. apicibus confluent.

Stam. tubo apicem versus inserta. Anth. basi simplices
apicem appendiculam ovatam cellulosum planam gerentes.
Pollen areolatum ! hispidulum.

Ovaria oblonga, vix compressa pubescentia. Pappus !-
Senatus setaceus dentatus. Ovulum liberum raphe nulla
etiam post fecundationem.

Stylus basi paullo dilatatus in apice disco quasi articulat,
apicem versus pilosus, Stigmata papillosa recurva.

: ia valde immatura, subeylindracea oblonga, pubescenti-
Pilosa, apice nec contracta, pappo immediate coronata. Raph

G2 :

250 COMPOSITAE,

completa! chalaza inconspicua. Semen liberum saltem per
junius.

AB. Assam. In arenosis Burrumpootur: March 30/A,
1836. no. 461.

3. Lactuce sp.

Annua, lactescens, fol. alternis amplexicaulibus longissi-
mis infimis, linearibus, basi sagittatis, superioribus hastato-
sagittatis dentatis, dentibus angustis rectis vel et szepius in
foliis infimis retrorsum spectant. summis integris.

Cymis corymbosim dispositis pedicellis basi minute brac-
teatis. Capitulis ad anthesin subcylindraceis, demum et
presertim fructiferis e basin ovata conicis.

involucrum l-seriatim imbricatum basi squamis minimis»
squamis demum arcte reflexis.

Receptaculum nudum planiusculum punctatum.

. Flosculi omnes perfecti, hermaphroditi ligulati, tubus brevis
gracilis ligula concava, nec plana, ore nudo, 5-fido. ven. Bru-
non. v. recurrent. 0.

Stamina ore inserta. tubum excedentia. Anthere basi
bisetosz setis filamento-approximatis.

Pollen globosum areolat. areolis paygis, hispidulum in
loculis l-seriatum! fasciculus vasculosus filam. tenuissimus
forsan nullus.

Stylus filiformis basi nec dilatata, apice pilosus, stigmata
Jinearia, Discus epigynus parvis subconicus,

Ovaria ovalia compressa 10-costata, apice valde constricta-
ore calycino tunc ampliato annuliforme pappus 1-seriata
simplicem sessilem setaceum, dentatum gerente, limitis caly-
ces et pericarpii valde distincti. Ovulum liberum, raphe 0.

. Akenia, brunnea ovata compressa, 10-cristata, glabra cos-
tata. Pappus stipitat. calycis collo nempe valde elongato.
Semen fere matura liberum testa cellulosa demum pericarpio
leviter adnata, laxiuscula, raphe 2-3 completa, Tegument

ee Oe ee rs E ME DE

PRENANTHES. 251

inter embryon. arcte applicit. Embryo ordinis. Pappus
persistens.

Has. Assam. In arenosis Burrumpootur : March 30th,
1836. no. 462. '

PRENANTHES.

l. Prenanthes sp. Pl. CCCCLXIX,

Fol. subtus glaucescentia, carinata marginibus rubris supra
lete viridia, subtus albida.

Bractez rubro-tinctz, anthod. viridesc. fusco-tinct. Flos-
culi citrini. Anth. demum reflexum brunneum.

Herba vix pedalis sepius spithamza, icone igitur nimis
ampla,

Has. Burmah. In campis Carmeam versus, Carmein,
Journey from Assam to Ava: April 2nd, 1837.

2. Prenanthes sp.

Plantalactescens annua erecta ramosa, fol. caulis basin
confined to, ambitu obovata, runcinata, lobis spinuloso-den-
datis, summis ramos fulcientibus, lineari-spathulatis vel
Selaceis. Inflorescentia corymb. efformas, partialis cymosa ?
capitulis axi proximis prius evolutis.
luvoluerum per anthesin cylindraceum, ovato-conicum,
Vel lageniforme sub-seriatum, imbricatum. basi squamulis
auctum pauciflorum; post anthesumi reflexum.,
~ Floseuli ligulati, post anthesin leviter cohzrentes et in-
Voluero connivento simul expulsim. .

. tubus infra mediam pubescent. lamina 5-dentata, venatio
runor, v. decurrente 0. l
Anthere adnatæ ut etiam tubo corolle? Pollen hispidum

: "Receptac. nudum, Pappus copiosus, setaceus dentatus.

" Ovula libera, .— |

252 GALIACE2,

Akenia lutco brunneo-striata, secus stries hispidula. Te-
gument. duplex exterius e cellulis oblongis, fragile laxum.

interius membranacei (sacculus embryonifer?) embryo-
nem orthotrop. arcte vestiens breviter stipitat.

à Assam. In cultis Bishenath : March 21st, 1836. no

ETE raphem iterum examinanda.

Composite sp. Pl. CCCCLXX.

Frutex carnosus, glaucescens.

Flosculi brunnescentes.

Has. Burmah. In collibus Tsigain. Journey from Assam
to Ava: May, 1837.

Cirsii sp.
"Haz. Bootan. Panuka May, 2d 1838,
GALIACEJE,
GALIUM,

Galium Khorasanensem Gr. Pl. CCCCLXXIII.

Planta scabrella, 3, 4 uncialis vel spithamea. Fol. verti-
cillatis quaternis rotundato-oblongis, breve petiolatis, petio-
lis basi coalitis, internodiis caulis tumidis et angulis qui
‘opposit, foliis scabris.

Fol. floralibus oppositis, oblique sitis! oblongis, inflores-
'centium inter petiolaris, cymoso-subumbellata, cernua, quin-
que flora.

Flores minuti suffulti, bractea cucullata, petioloidea venosa,
viridi-alba, et fere recondita, flore centrali nudo.

Calyx adhzrens, 4-partitus, laciniis rotundato-ovatis sub
carnosis, zstivatione valvatis apicibus minute inflexis, persis-
tent. ad anthesin patentis demum conniventes, tubo pilis
clavatis aspectu hirtellis, przesertim ad apicem hirsuto, Pet. 0.

GALIUM. 253

Stam. 4, laciniis calycis altern. Filam. evasculosa, ad basin
anther incrassata, tunc attenuata, Anth. bilocul. basi affixze,
introrsze.

Pollen globosum plicis? radiantibus pluribus, czterum
leve glabrumque. |

Stylus cellularis apice bilobus, lobo cuique stigma capitat.
e cellulis rotundis radiatis ? gerente.

Discus epigynus carnosus bilobus, lobo. majore, loculo
fertilo opposito.

Ovar. inferum omnino biloculare. loculo interno quoad
axin inflorescentiz semper experti et minore, altero obliquo
uni-ovulato,

Endocarp. discretum celluloso-membranaceum, evascul. ovu-
lum arcte investiens, per totam latus interius placentz adnat.

Ovulum ascendens, e nucleo tantum. Funiculus brevis.
axin proximis et raphe brevis, apex nuclei, hilum prope.

Fructus?

Hasır. Affghanistan in collibus sterilioribus inter axes et in
Super rupes, vulgatim per totam plagam Khorasanensem.

This is a very curious plant, agreeing with Galium in
‘very thing, but its bracteate involucrated flowers, very se-
paloid perianth, and the abortion of the inner cell of the
Med There are many points that it presents for considera-

on,

Obliquity, from abortion of some of the leaves of the
> producing the inflorescence. The curious bractez.
The Perianth, the epigynous disk. The very curious struc-
ture of the inner layer of each cell of the ovary. The
constant abortion of the inner of these, and the reduction of
the ovula to a nucleus.

There can be no doubt in this plant, of the nature of the
Perianth, which is sepaloid from its situation and natural co-
ur; it therefore becomes necessary to revert to Galium, and

congeners, to enquire into the true nature of their in-
orescence, and structure of the layer lining the cells of the

"IY: T know of no other instance.

954 GALIACEX.

This performs every office of a tegument to the ovulum
during its younger stages, and as the testa occasionally does,
it becomes during the formation of the seed, so fine, as to be
scarcely, if at all demonstrable; it may readily be mistaken
for a testa or tegument, especially if carelessly dissected, but
its existence in the barren cell, and its being perfectly closed,
demonstrate that it does not belong to the ovulum, indepen-
dently of the considerations derived from study of the deve-
lopment of this, and its entire structure.

Fig. I. .

1, Plant natural size, radicles reddish as madder.

- 2. Florescence, one bracte and its flower removed to shew
the nakedness of the central flower.
. 8. Lateral flower and bracte.

4. Perianth just opening,—shewing the zestivation.

5. Flower, just before expansion.

6. Expanded flower, 6g Perianth and genetalia viewed

vertically.

7. Inner view of antliers before dehiscence.

8, 8. Inner, outer, and lateral view of stamina after do.

9. Pollen too minute for 54 lens.

10. Long section of flower anthers removed.

11. Style and stigmata.

12. One of the hairs of the outer layer of ovary.

13. Long section of the ovary, shewing the closed nature
of the inner membrane (not oblique as it should
be.)

13a. Preparation younger state, shewing the same.

14. Ovulum, 14a its apex. a

Fig. II.
l. Flower just at expansion.
2. Ovary or pistillum, calyx then removed. aie
-3. Nucleus probably accidental, although the cohesion °
the tube was finished, no other instance occurred.

GALIUM. 255

4, Shews development of ovula, a placenta and septum,
portion of, 4 b portions of the outer layer of which the
calyx is a direct continuation ; inner layer d, a nucleus, d
funicle, e embryonary sac, f embryo.

9. Some more advanced, the same letters have the same
references ; f, a detached embryo (not enlarged enough)
young to shew the nature of its pedicel.

6. Very young ovary laid open a a outer layer, 5 inner
ditto, closely investing the ovula c.

6a. Ovule, c detached.

7. More advanced, the same letters, have the same re-
ferences, :

. 8. Inner membrane which bursts instantly towards its upper
end.

9. Young fruit, a outer layer, 5 inner do., c nucleary do.
cohering with it, d hyaline margin of albumen, e albu-
men, f embryo (a plan) a section being impossible.

. Embryonary sac—albumen and embryo, this is shewn
artificially.
: 9). Portion of its albumen near the margin.

10, Same, more advanced, a outer layer, 4 inner now com-
posed of inner excessively fine and nucleary membrane
cohering intimately, c albumen, d embryo. |

Those leaves are abortive that are on the opposite side

of the stem to the inflorescence, it follows hence that as the
inflorescence is unilateral one side of the stem throughout its
flower-bearing portion, will produce leaves, the other flowers ;
of the leaves, one axil is empty ; the other bears alternately
à flower bud.

: The inflorescence although tending to the umbellate form,
"t true compound raceme, its form is curious, in as much as
Y presents none of that irregularity so prevalent in cymes,
to which class it obviously belongs. We may therefore meet
with one flowered species, in which case no bractes will be
eloped, or we may meet with a one flowered species, with

; but these empty.

256 GALIACEA.

In one instance, one of the lateral flowers had pedicels, on
its inner side with a flower developed, and as this was much
smaller than that in the axilla of the leaf, we may conclude
that the flowers are all terminal, or rather that each lateral
flower-bud may become a simple raceme.

In Galium, the carpella are both developed, and both lobes
of the disk are equal, in the more petaloid species of this
genus, the perianth separates all round the base, of the albu-

en. .

From casual examination I think that the inner mem-
brane is distinctly visible in the fruit.

"Throughout all the stages, I have examined of the deve-
lopment of the ovulum, and these include very minute buds:
it would appear that the ovulum consists of a nucleus alone ;
the same organisation exists in Galium, and probably
some? Rubiacez. Within is developed an ——— ary §
of that form which I call albuminary, and the sir
becomes at last reduced to a. thin coat, cohering most inti-
mately with the inner layer alluded to, and also slightly with
the external or calycine? layer, so that the albumen i. e.
the seed, has no demonstrable covering.

The membranous nature of the embryonary sac, which
I should observe is of late formation, i. e. it does not exist
before impregnation, is well seen in the nearly mature albu-
men, which presents a hyaline membrano-mucous-looking

hr this sae, opaque grumous grains of albumen are copi-
ously developed.

It follows that the usual account of Galium are altogether
wrong ; on this head it will be necessary to examine Decaisnes
Rubia.

The nucleary ovule, and the reduction of the perianth
forcibly call to mind Santalacez, from which it is
in the first place by the relation of the stamina to the
perianth, and in a less "degree by the bilocularity of the
ovary,

LONICERA. 257

Organisation seem to be much lower than in Galium?
the stamina and the styles being altogether cellular, this last
is a very unusual circumstance.

2. Galii sp. Pl. CCCCLXXII. Itinerary Notes p. 30, no.
472

Has. Khasyah Mountains. Chura Ponjee: Sept. 28th,
1837.

CAPRIFOLIACEA.
LONICERA.

Lonicere sp. Pl. CCCCLXXX. Fig. II.

Frutex pygmeus, prostratis, ramis brevibus ascendentibus.
Cortex alba szpe fibroso-lacerata. Ramula compressa.

Fol. subsessilia coriacea linearia obtusa l-venia, siccitati
margine recurva.. Petioli brevissimi basin dilatati et saltem
. Juniores in annuli coaliti.

Flores bini in pedunculo axillari, folior. 3-4 brevior. invo-
lucrati, Involucri folioli 2, profunde biloba, (sinu lató) plus
minus coalita interdum, venosa, sinu aliquando in lobum
folior, forma simile product. - !

Cor. non visa. '

Fructus juniores sessiles, 5-alato angulato, apice sepalis
5 lineari oblongis concavis obtusis magnis (zequantibus tubum)
venoso-reticulatis coronatis, discoque epigyna 3-loculares, lo-
culi 4-6 spermis, Semina (juniora) anatropa pendula, per-
pana subcollateralia, uno loculi cujusque tantum perfect.

he extrorsum,

Fruct. maturus involucro planato suffult. descreti subro-
funda leeves, glabri, baccati, calycis laciniis immulatis, coronat.
Mb 3-loculares, Semina pulpa immersa, fertilia laete ovata
compressa, pendula, micropyle supera. "Tegug. exter. pulpa
adhær, crustac. crassiuscul. Interius tenuiss. memb. Albu-
= Copiosum carnoso-oleosum vestiens. Embryo axilis,

n 2

258 CAPRIFOLIACE E.

albumine duplo circiter brevius. Radicula crassa supera.
Cotyledones foliacez, planiusculz ? lanceolato-ovate.

Has. Hindoo-Koosh Shingly bouldery ground about the
Torrent, Upper Kaloo, alt. 11500 ft. In fruit in Sep. 1840.

Oss. The outer layer of the ovarium in the youngest state
I have seen it, is separable, from the body, with which it ap-
pears to have no connection, only becoming continuous with
the calycine lacini at their base, The body of the ovaria
then presents 10 costz, not very prominent, 5 opposite the
sepals and continuous with their central veins, 5 alternate.
The union of the placentz in the axis appears slight, no
particular ovulum appears to be fecundated, I have not been
able to ascertain positively whether the position of the raphe
relative to the placenta is due to a torsion of the funiculus.

- This appears to be an undescribed genus, approaching so
far as the characters in Endlicher's Genera go, to Lonicera
and Triosteum, As however it approaches in habit some-
what to Lonicera bracteata, Royles Illust. t. 53 and agrees
tolerably with the character of Lonicera, chamacerasus.
End. Gen. no. 3337. I have referred itto that genus,
it may be necessary to look at the bractez again, —parti-
cularly the fruit.

1. Plant nat. size.

2. Fruit.

3, 4. Lateral views.

5. Front ditto.

6. Long section.

7. Cutis detached.

8. Long section.

9. Placenta with ovules.

19. Sect. long.

ll. Seed.

12. Transverse of ovary.

: a

SAMBUCUS, 259
VIBURNUM.

Viburni sp. Pl. CCCCLXXX. Fig. I. ,

Frutex vel arbuscula.
. Pubescentia subfuscescens, flores albi, anth. ochroleucz,
odor. dulcis.

Has. Burmah. Ad ripas torrentis Namyoom: March
5-62,

SAMBUCUS.

Sambucus sp.

Planta suffruticosz, 4-5 pedalis, ramis oppositis adeo den-
tibus summis fastigiatis,

Caulis crassus, centro cavus, lineis viridibus lenticellis par-
vis verrucosis notatis,

Folia opposita, imparipinnata, superiora interdum, 3-fo-
liata, raro simplicia, inferiora 3} juga, foliolis oppositis bre-
"Iter petiolatis, elongato-lanceolatis acuminatis basi obliquis
et sepius lateri inferiore argute serratis, serraturis mucrona-
tis, muerona brunnescente, supra lete viridia aspectu velu-
tino, infra pallida margine uno utroque basin versus glandula
l vel 2 donato, terminali aliquando binatim diviso glabra.

Petiola crasso supra uti etiam petiolata canaliculata, viridi-
striata, [ue

V. secondarize oblique arcuatz, ope venis tertiariis mutuo
nexæ, szepius alterne v. additorius distinctiusculis ut plurima
arcuatis, tertiariis transversis vel cum v. primaria, angulum rec-
tum efformantibus, Cuticula supera e cellulis angulatis forma
Variis, infera quze tantum stomatosa e sinuoso cellulis! sinubus
angulatis nec ut Szepius accedit rotundatis.

tomata magna numerosissima conspicua aperta.

Stipulæ? foliolis similibus sed minoribus magnitudineque
valde variis, summis linearibus vel clavatis. a

Corymbi terminales, hoc axin primarium terminanti longe

prius evoluto, subfastigiati sed centralis rami divisionesve

260 RUBIACEJ.

laterales duplo longiores, (ramuli subsecundi ascendentes,)
pubescentes ramulis basin vel basin versus bracteis spathulatis
viridibus suffultis. Cymorum partialium dichotomorum, flos
centralis semper prius evolutus, si racemorum flos infimus.

Flores numerosi, odore Jonquillino extus albi intus carnea,
filamentis saturatius carneis. Antheris brunneo-rubris.

Alabastra subglobosa.

Cal. albus, ovario adnatus, 5-dentatus.

Cor. rotata profunde 5-partita, laciniis sepalis alternis
ovato-lanceolatis, zestivatione valvatis.

Stam. 5-sepalis opposita, corollz basin inserta. Filamenta
crassiuscula subulata, carnea purpureo-maculata. Anthere
biloculares, subcordatz initio introrsz, medio dorso afixæ.
fere didymæ loculis demum divaricatis et quasi transversis.
Pollen lutescens ovatum hinc sulcatum, czeterum leve, immer-
sum globosum.

Ovar. 3-loculare, loculis, l-ovulatis, inferum, ovula pendula
foramen superum hilum prope, raphe axi proxima. Styli 0.
Stigmata tria rotundata sessilia.

Has. Upper Assam. In humidis et presertim secus ripas
fluminis Kundul. Suddyah. Floret Junio.

RUBIACE X.
STYLOCORYNA.

Stylocoryna bispinosa.

Scandens, folior. ramulor. par infime in spinas abortient.
spinis subulatis deflexis quoad ramulos, foliis ovati-ellipticis
subintigris, stipulis latis intigris decidius, cymis ramulos termi-
nant divaricatiss. floribus albidis suaviter odoratis.

Cal. tubus ovatus ultra ovarium podaci ad apicem ejus
demum circumscissus breve 5-dentatu

Cor. hypocraterif. tubo calycem die excedent, gracili 5-
partit,

GARDENIA. 261

Anth. sessiles ad faucem. Stigma exsert. clavat. sulcat.

Discus epigynus compressus parum elavat. Ovar. 2 locul.
placentis carnosis intraloculos product. Ovula 00, placentis
immersa.

Has. Mergue. Ad littoram Ins. Madam. prop. pator
scandens in fruticet. no. 869, Dec. 1834.

GARDENIA.
Gardenia carinata.

Arbuscula, fol. cuneato-obovatis, obtuse acuminatis breve
petiolatis, stipulis membranaceis ochreeformib. floribus maxi-
mis axillaribus solitariis aureis suavissime odoratis.

Cal. tubus ultra ovarium productus, ad apicem ovarium cir-
cumsciss. irregulariter 5-dentat.

Cor. hypocraterif. tübo longissimo partita.

Stam. fauci inserta. Anth. sessili lineari subinclusz.

Stylus longissimis, a medio infra incrassat. a medio supra
pubescens, Stigma exserta bilamellat.

Ovar. 1-loculare! placentis 2 lunulatis parietalibus, ovula
00, foramen hilum prope. Pl. CCCCLXXIV. Fig. III.

Fructus drupacea maxima, ovi magnitudinis, apice reli-
quis calycis truncáte coronat. 5-costat. sub 5-angulat. .

Semino 00, complanata, testa diluta brunnea dura albumen
corneum semini conformi. Embryo axilis. Cotyledones planz.
Radicul, longa hilum spectans. Plumula inconspicue.

Has. In humidis Mergui an culta, vide etiam in sylvis
Moulmein et ad littoram Manis, Kully Gyoon. Dec. 1834.
no,

RANDIA.
Ae Randia.
? Frutex dichotome ramosus. Ramulis divaricatis spinosis
Junioribus pubescent, spinis axillaribus oppositis, rectis, (ra-
mulis abortivis,) foliis ovato-lanceolatis breviter petiolatis,

262 RUBIACEA.

acuminatis subintegris, supra lucidis, subtus ad nervos pilosis,
floribus 2-3 in pedunculo vel axillaribus vel in dichotomis
ramulorum, majusculis conspicuis, albis subsuaviter odoratis
in pedunculo articulatis ibidem bracteis ovatis 2 opposita.

Cal. tubo cylindrico ultra ovarium producto 5-partito, laci-
niis ovatis.

Cor. hypocrat, tuto calycem triplo fere excedente limbo
5-partito, laciniis patens.

Stam. fauci inserta, exserta, filamenta sub 0. Anth. lineares:

Stylus filiformis longit. corolle. Stigmata 2 ovata con-
niventia.

Discus epigynus glandulosus integer. Ovarium extus brevi-
ter pubescens bilocule pluri-ovulat. ovulis placentis carnosis
subimmersis.

Has. In sylvis, Mergue : no. 306. Sept. 1834.

9. Randia exaltata.

Arbor. alata 5 opedalis, trunco gracili. Ramulis cinereis,
junioribus compressis ferrugineo pubescentib. Folia ad apices
ramorum confertis breviter petiolatis inzqualibus obovatis
breve acuminatis subobtusis, subrepandis, penninervus subtus
ad nervos et axillas eorum pubescent. Cymis ex axillis folior-
Japsor. sub 3-chotomis, bracteatis ferruginea pubescent. Pe-
dicellis brevibus calycibusque extus pubescent. floribus mag-
nis conspicuis albis suave odóratis.

Cal. tubus ovat. ultra ovarium product: limbus 5-dentat,
dentibus acutis brevib. erectis.

Cor. infundibulifor. extus breve pubescens tubo longissimo
infra medium ampliato, fauce nuda, 5-partit. laciniis subeequa-
lis ovato-lanceolatis patentib. zstivatio contortis.

Stam. 5, fauce lineas 11 infra insert. laciniis alternant. Anth.
longissimze sessiles lineares utrinque acutze bilocule longitud.
dehiscent. inclusz.

Stylus longissimis inclusus filiform stigma clavat. inclusa
€ labiis 2 lanceol, carnosis connivent,

" —

RANDIA 263

Ovar. 2 loculare, loculis pluri-ovulat. ovulis placentis carno-
sis subimmersis foramen pilo subopposit.

Fructibus 8-lobosis pomi parvi magnitud, coronat. calycis
dentib. subobsoletis, conoque breve obtuso e disco epigyno
ampliato orto, bilocularis polysperma sublignosa, matura
baccata? Semen 00, compress. angulat. albumen carnoso-
corneum, Embryo inversus, vix axillis. Radicula longissim.
filiformis obtuse. Cotyledones foliaceæ cordatæ. Plumule in-
conspicua,

Has. Mergue. In humidis, cum Rhizophoreis, Pullow :
no, 962, Jan. 1835.

Stipuli integris basi connatis ovat. apice subulat. ferrugineo
pubescent. Tubus corolla ad partem constrictam villosus.
Sect. Euclinia omnia Randiz sed embryo vagus.

3. Randie sp.

Ramuli ex albido virescentes, internodii breviusculi, ad artic.
nodosve szepius subtumida.

Rami plures in spinis breves calcariformes 3-lineales degene-
tat. Petioli vix bilineales, lamina foliorum sublanceolata
acutiuscule parce undulata, subcarnosa, long. 34 unciali, lat.
1k, 1}. Stipules ?

ymæ florum terminales pluriflorz, foliis breviores : pedun-
culis ramisque, ram. lateral. 2-3 flori, abbreviatis, tetragonis,
bractez scarioso-herbacez, acuminata.

Pedicelli laterales sub 3-lineales, infra medium bibracteo-
lati, flor. terminali vel centrali subsessili.

Flores magni, odorati initio albi, cito ochroleuci, estiv. con-
torta imbracata,

Calycis tubus subeylindric. 21 lineal. lacinia 5, rarius 6 e

cordata subulato-acuminata, apice subreflexa.

à lla hypocraterif. tubo gracile, diametro tubo calycis vel
ovaria 8-linealis, laciniæ 5-6 angusto-lanceolatæ, acutiuscalæ,
Patentes demum subreflexz, 5-6 lineales long. 3 lat.

Stamina totidem alternantia fauci inserta paullo infra sinus

264 RUBIACE.

lacinearum, filamenta brevissime. Antherz lineares, in corolla
decumbent. biloculares, subacute, connectivum carnosum :
insertio supra basin et infra medium.

Stylus subclavatus tubo paullo longior. stigma oblongum
magnum exsertum emarginatum, vel stylus apice a lobos 2
lanceolatgs erectos dorso sub 5-striatos, intus stigmatosos
et apice excepto coherent. divisus.

Ovarium calyce duplo brevius annulo parvo lutescente
coronatum, biloculare, ovula plura placentis intrantibus sub-
immersa.

Fructus globosus apice initio calyce coronat. demum c.
lapso areolato-umbilicatus biloculares subbaccatus, ater.

Semina parva in placent. subfungosa (cum placenta baccante
recedentia) fere immersa, angulati ossea, tegum. unicum,
osseum, extus papilosum albumen copiosum cartilagineum.

mbryo albus axilis. Cotyledones subcordatz. Radicula duplo
longior. hilum versus.

Has. Malacca at Nhinghull. January 30th, 1845.

OPHIORIZA.

Ophioriza sp. Pl. CCCCLXXV.

Caulis succulentus viridis pallide, stipulz foliaceze virides.

Petiol vix viridescentes.

Fol. subtus albida, supra saturata viridia, et ibidem inter-
venia convexa sunt. Ven: secondarie conspicue, conspicui.
arcuratz, subtus intervenia reticulate sunt, venulis in centrale
subconfluentibus.

Bractez calycesque fusco-virides, inflorescentia dense un-
tans, flores pulchre purpur. rosacei 5-alato-angulati.

Has. Naga mounts, between Assam and Burma at Kuttack
Boom in moist ravines. March 16th, 1837.

ve

—

265
KonavuriA.

Kohautie sp. Pl. CCCCLXXVII.

Caulis basin purpurascens, foliis subglaucis subtus carinatis.
Corolla omnino fuscescens laciniis saturatius coloratis.

Has. Burmah at Katha in Campis graminosis : May 9th,
1837.

Hzpvoris.

Hedyotis sp.?

Herbacea hispida prostrata radicansque, foliis lanceolatis
acutis cum mucrona integerrimis asperis ciliatis supra atro-
viridibus infra pallidis, floribus glomeratis in axilliis albis,
stipulis multi-setosis. :

Cal. tubo brevis limbo 4-dentato dentibus acutis suberectis,

Cor. infundib. tubo dentium calycinarium longitudinis.
limbo. 4-partita, laciniis revolutis.

Stam. 4, fanci inserta, 1-2, interdum abortient. filam. filif.
exserta. Anth. biloculi longit. dehiscent.

uva filiforme longitudinis filamentorum, stigma capitat.

OD,

Ovarium 2-loculare, loculis 00 ovulatis, ovulis placentis
Carnosis affixia,

Coi Mergue. In ruderatis, Madamaca ; no. 277. Sept.

OLDENLANDIA.
Oldenlandia linoides Gr.

Herba erecta Spithamzea, ramosa hispida caulibus di-

tomis, foliis sessilibus decussatis cordato-lanceolatis,
"Cutis, ciliatis l.nervus, floribus erectis longe pedicella-
te, lete ceruleis, 3-4 ad apices ramulorum confertis vel
solitariis,

ae tubus obconicum 4-dentat. dentibus acuminatis, tubo
Dgitudinis,

12

266 RUBIACE&.

Cor. campanulato tubo calycem excedente limbo 4-fido, la-
ciniis ovatis suberectis.

Stam. fauci inserta, tot quot calyces dentes et iis opposite.
Anth. subexsertz, bilocul. longit. dehiscentes

Stylus filiformis stamina paullo superans, stigmata 2 papil-
osa recurva.

Ovarium calyces dentibus subpatentibus coronata, pilis
cellulosis inconspicuis sinubus interjectis 2-loculare, multi-
ovulat. placentis carnosis intra loculos productis ovulis in
placentis immeris.

Stylus inconspicuis linearibus setaceo-pinnatifidis, folior.
pagina supera lucida. Aspectu omnino linoideo.

Has. Mergue. In arenosis humidis, Culweng: mo. 3/7.
October, 1834.

WENDLANDIA,

Wendlandia secunda Gr. `

Frutex glaber, fruticosa, foliis obovato-lanceolatis glabris,
P PE. ae s latin a 4 La d - 1*1 ndig

k E dii ic ?
foliis ternatim verticillat. in ramulis junioribus, floriferis confer-
tis obovato-lanceolatis utrinque acuminatis — venosis
subcoriaceis subtus pallidis.

Floribus spicato-paniculatis ochroleucis. Paniculis cymi-
formibus, spicis secundis.

Cal. tubo brevi cylindrico 5, dentat, dentibus minimis sub-
eequalibus.

Corolla tubo elongato subclavato fauce ampliata limbo 5-
fido laciniis acutis erectis.

Stam. 5, fauci inserta, petalis alternantia inclusa. Filam
binis. Anth. utrinque emarginate lineares bilocule longit
dehiscent.

Stylus clavatus stamina equans. Stigma bilabiat. exsertum.
Ovarium biloculare, loculis multi-ovulatis placentis intra joco
los productis affixis.

PJEDERIA; 267

- Æstivatione corollze contorta stipulis persistent.
Has. Mergue. In sylvis prope Culweng : Aug. lst, 1834.
no, 212,

MEPHETIDIA.
l. Mephetidia.

Calycis tubus ovatis, ultra ovarium parum productus, brevi-
ter 4-dentat. dentiffus erectis.

Cor. subhypocraterif. tubo cylindrico calycem duplo exce-
dente, limbo 4-partit. laciniis ovatis patentibus, apicibus cras-
sissimis coccullatisque, laciniarum bases fauxque pilosze, faux
clausa,

Stam. 4, sinubus corollinis inserta, Anth. ovate subses-
siles, bilocul, longit. dehiscentes, parce pilosz, inclusz.

Stylus filiform. tubo corollæ brevior, stigmata 2, ovata, papil-
losa, conniventia bifida.

Diseus epigynus clavatis rotundatusque integer. Ovar. 4-
loculare, loculis l-ovulatis, ovulis erectis, foramen hilum
versus. Pl. CCCCLXXIV. Fig. IV.

Capsula drupacea baccata, lete azurea. calycis limb. reli-
quum coronat, ovulata angulata. ,

AB. Mergue. In sylvis densis Madamacca prop. Paloor:
Dec, 1834, Mephetidia Bl. and Lasianthus of Jack.

2. Mephetidie sp. Pl. CCCCLXXVI.

Stipulz seniores brunneze, juniores virides, uti 2 annuli.
Fol. subtus albida, vena secondariz anastomosant.

. Pedicelli calyces virides. Cor. alba demum ochroleuca.
Has, Khasyah Mounts, Myrung.

PÆDERIA.
l. Pederia fetida, Pl. CCCCLXXIX. Fig. III.

Fructus ovatis, calyce limbo dentato toroque epigyno
Persistentibus coronatus, Calycis parietes a pericarpio maturi-

268 RUBIACEA,

tato secedentis tenuissimi membranacei fragiles subdiaphani
utrinque venis? tribus notati.

Carpella 2, secedentia pendulaque ex apicem, e basi fruc-
tus ortum ducentis accumbentia, complanata, alataque, disco
centrale carnoso, baccato viride odoris aterimi.

Semen unicum ovale cuique carpello, medio affixum, parte
baccata inclusum, parieti hujus exteriori approximatum.

Tegumentum tenue subobsoletum ex albumina secedens et
cavitatem loculi quasi adnat. d

Albumen carnosum forsan ob immaturitatem.

Embryo axilis radiculi longiuscula infera teres. Cotyledones
planz cordatz foliacea. Plumula inconspicue.

2. Pederia, Pl. CCCCLXXIX. Fig. IV.

Planta scandens volubilis.

Fructus cymosus paniculatus brunneo-castinea globosus
lucidus, apice coronata calyce breviter 5-dentata, dentibus in
fructu depressis siccus, calycis parietes tenuissimi liber !

Pericarpium baccatum liberum biloculare, pulpa gelati-
nosa diaphana extus virida.

Semen 1 cuique loculo plano convexum, introrsum leviter
curvatum potius arcuatum vix plano-convexum sed menisci-
forme apicem versus affixum.

Albumen corneum amplum. Embryo orthotropus axilis,
directione albumis. Radicula brevis obtuse. Cotyledones
plane foliacei accumbentes albæ rotundate basi profunde
cordatz. Fructus indehiscens, secus septam in hzemispheros 2,
demum secedens, Plumula inconspicue.

Has. Assam, Odorque presertim fructus Pederiz, occurrit
in sylvis ubique paulo infra Suddhya Negrigam usque : Jan.
21st, 1835.

PSYCHOTRIA.
Psychotria, Pl. CCCCLXXIX. Fig. II.

Fructus capitata, capitulis bracteatis in cymis temi
bus disposita baccata breviter stipitata, Bacca ovates, 60%

PSYCHOTRIA. 269

cinez leves, apice toro concolore, medio foveolato coronate,
ceterum nuda, calyces nempe limbo deciduo, biloculares, 2
sperme.

Semen ] cuique loculo erectum, plano convexum faciebus
planis internis approximatis.

Tegumentum duplex, exterius fibrosum coriaceum fibris
tenuibus irregulariter dispositis, interius cellulosum rubrum,
inter alb facie externa convexa, pluries et haud profundem
intrans, secus fauci planam interiorem medium seminis versus
profunde et in locis duabus intrans. Raphe fibrosa chalaza-
que inconspicue albumen corneum ruminatum,

Embryo orthotropus basi albuminis versus locatus hujus
directione,

Cotyledones plans foliacez, incumbentes serie faciebus
latioribus seminis parallelz.

Plumula inconspicua. Radicula longa teres apice conica.

Has. Frutex. In sylvis per totam regionem. Upper Assam
Vulgatum occurrit. Feb. 1836.

The outer integument consists of atleast 2 layers, owing
to the contrary directions in which they pass and to which the
irregular fibrous appearance is to be attributed ; near its sur-
face vast quantities of fascicled raphides occur.

- It is well worthy of examination to ascertain whether the
direction of the cotyledones is in all the 2-seeded species of
ubiaceæ, parallel to the broader faces of the seed, and
Whether, in the many seeded it is the reverse, In these last
wever the narrow borders may be the true faces.

EPriTHINIA.

Epithinie sp. Pl. CCCCLXXVIII.

secondariis paucis distinctiusculis. Stipulis interpetiol, ore
‘ntegerrimis annuli in more coalit, basi gibbos.

270 RUBIACE2.

Cymis axillaribus foliis brevioribus pluries dichotomis,
florem dichotomum primaria scrotino, bracteis sub 0. Flori-
bus parvis numerosis exalbo carneis.

Calycis tubus compressus elongatus sub 8-lineatus ultra
ovarium in limbum minuti 4-dentat. membranac. pro-
duct.

Cor. hypocraterif. 4-partita laciniis reflexis late ovatis, æsti-
vatione leviter contort. throat very hairy, tubo calycis limbo
duplo longiore.

Stam. fauci inserta, reflexo-patenta exserta filam. brevia.
Anth. dorso affix subsagittatz loculis pollinif. linearibus
Pollen. ?

Discus epigynus sub 8-lobus.

Stylus rubescens exsertus, apice incrassato-bilobum, lobis
sub divergentibus interne stigmatosis.

Ovar. biloculare. Placenta loculi cujusque intrans centra-
lis divergente bipart. ramulo supero ovulum erectum affigens,
infero ovulum pendulum. ‘Tegument connata? Raphe $
completa, apex nuclei hilum prope.

Fructus oblongo compresso 8-sulcato carinat, Epicarp.
celluloso-spongiosum. Mesocarp. crasso in carinas product.
album, indurat. Endocarp. osseum, vix separabili spontaneum
in pyrenas duas, calycis limbo imulat.

Semina szpe abortiva, situs et forma ovulorum, hec erect,
hoc pendulum. a —— tenue, hinc rapbiger
albumen carnosum, medioc

Embryo orthotropus iis (radicula longiuscula hilum
versus epectans) Cotyledones planiusculo.

Has. In Rhizophoreis Pulo Bissar. Circa Singapore

` vulgatem.

Oss. It certainly has stipules, but the usual lamina is
nearly abortive.

- Wight and Arnot have mistaken, at least the situation of the
vae po and their description of the stigma is incor-

The fruit is iti drupaceous,

EPITHINIA, 271

The radicle is not superior in the upper seed, in both quoad
the seed and placenta it has the same direction.
| 1, Plant nat. size.
| 2, Apex of a branchlet, shewing the vernation and stipula-
tion.

3. Bud just before expansion.

4. Portion of inflorescence.

4a, Single flower.

5. Corol. laid open.

6, 6. Stamina.

7. Pollen dry.

8. Do. in water,

9. Pistillum.
10. Apex of style and stigmatic surfaces.
1l. Ovarium part of limb of calyx cut away to shew the
lobed epigynous disk.

12. Long section of ovary shewing the peculiar placenta-
tion and direction of ovula.

13. One placenta removed.
14, Fruit.
15, Transverse section do.
16. Long section do.
17. Seed long section one cotyledon cut away.
18, Embryo,

IXORA.
Tzora decipiens,

Frutex, foliis oblongis. Inflorescentia thyrsoideo-paniculata,
Paniculi trichotomi. Dentes calycinæ paullo post anthesin ”
pallide rubi, | Flores albi. :

Cal. tubo brevi 4-dentat. dentibus erectis, postea deciduis.

Cor. tubo cylindrico calyce triplo longiore, limbo 4-fido,

IS reflexis, Faux nuda.

Stam. 4 laciniis alternantia. Filam. fauci inserta, reflexa.

Antheræ introrsæ, reflexe, biloc. longit, dehiscent,

972. RUBIACE.

Stylus filiform longitudinis tubo, a basin usque ad medium
parce pilosus. Stigmata 2.

Ovarium biloc. loculis 1-ovulatis, placenta axilis. Pericarp.
baccat. globosum magnitudinis pisi. Semina plano-convexa,
testa dura albumen carnosum. Punctum hili situm indicat.
Cotyledones cordate planz foliacee. Radicula longe hilum
spectans acutis coriaceis integris.

Structure of the coats of the seed. External coat testa,
is formed of loose cellular substance, almost horny of elon-
gated cells, which have no determinate direction.

Endosperm, of elongated cellular tissue resembling woody
fibre and running in a longitudinal direction, it is capable of
being detached with tolerable facility. Pl. CCCCLXXIV.
Fig. II. longitudinal section of the seed with a plan of its
inner surface and view of the cotyledon and radicle, March
31st, 1833.

SPERMACOCE.
Spermacoce sp.

Pubescentia hispida décumibent: ramis bicanaliculatis, foliis
subsessilib. lanceolato-linearib. acutis cum mucrona, integris;
stipulis multi-setosis, floribus in axillis congestis, albis.

al. tubo brevi dentibus 5, lanceolatis ciliatis mucronatis,
demum conniventibus pilosus, sinubus acutis

Cor. tubo gracili, calyces dentium longitudinis, limbo 4-
partib. laciniis revolutis parce pilosa.

Stam. 4, longe exserta fauci inserta. Anth, albze.

, Stylus longus stamina zequans, stigma bicapitatum.
arium biloculare, loculis 00 ovulatis, calyce connivente
` inclusum.
Has. In umbrosis Madamaca : no. 232, August, 1834.

LECANANTHUS.

Suffrutex humilis vix uno pedalis. Caule basi forsan excepta
4-gona, angulis e stipulis decurrent magis acutis et elevatis

LI

LECANANTHUS. 273

stipule membranaceze magnæ oblongz, infra medium centro
carinato-alatze. Fol. breve petiolatis ovato vel oblongo-lanceo-
lata cuspidato-acuminata coriacea subtus albida 2 darie vena
arcuate.

Spicæ capituliform. axillares, livido-purpurez horizontales,
Seu j cernuz ; surrounded by a. peltately attached, subseve-
ral-lobed involucre, os calycem bilabiata et inaequaliter tube-
form.

Cor. bilabiata tubo infundibul. calyce paullo longior.
the upper lip in depressed segments narrower, conspicuous
uncinato-carinate parallel.

Lower 3 diverging, reflexed carinato-uncinate at the summits
or deorsum.

Cal. of flower bilabiate, lab. inferior subintegro, superior
9-dentato majore often nearly entire. Stam. inserted about the
centre of the tube, which is papillous, or at the back of the
anthers hairy.

Style pilose. Stigma of 2 recurved, stout green lobes.

: uy 2-celled, cells multo-ovulate. Placenta intrant
eshy,

Anth. adnate sublanceolate bilocular longitud. dehiscent.

Epigynous disk small entire.
_ Stout brown hair-like processes in the axilla of leaves, aris-
ing from the inside and edges of two liguliform axillary pro-
cesses, or from axils direct ; they cohere to the stipula bases.

Involucre at first, when only the peripherial flowers are

eloped—is campanulate.

Young fruit 2-celled, few seeded, terminated by the trump-

éd-mouthed calyx,
eds angular, compressed, very few compared with the

mM Malacca. In sylvis densis Verrupha, called Aloor

Ons. I imagine this approaches to Ophiorhiza, although
according to DeCand. it would be Gardeniaceous, and Sarco-
*ephalina, Flowers scarcely bracteolate, here and there setæ

x2

274 RUBIACER.

like the axillary ones, only one expanded flower seen; this
same when put in water for preservation during the night lost
its bilabiate form, and became as nearly as possible. regular,
venation ordinary.

Evidently Lecananthus of Jack and agreeing with his L.
rubescens,- except in the regular corolla and smooth ovary,

Jack's generic character is not so good as ordinary.

Cal. tubulosus ore tubzformi bilabiato, Cor. valvata,
bilabiata, laciniis subzequalibus, tubo infundibulif. Stam.
medio tubo inserta, subsessilia inclusa. Ovarium bilocule,
placentis intrantibus carnosis, (septo quasi affixis) ovula 00.
Stigmata 2, crassa, oblonga, subexserta.

It has nothing to do with Nauclea whatever; the ovarium
is, while the tube of the calyx is beyond the limb, livid pur-
ple, the last is =. inside. Calyx well developed before
the corolla.

Surrounding the internode base se next to in-
florescence, isa ewe. the sheath of the gemma.

` Rubiacee Pl. COCCLXXIX, Fig. I.

- Fructus in cymos terminales aggregatos dense congesti,
baccat.

Bacce obovate vel obovato-pyriformes, spongiosz albi sub-
diaphane apice profunde foveolatz. Calycisque dentis brunneis
lanceolatis acuminatis connovente imbricatis ceronate pseudo
4-loculares, Calycis parietis nempe a pericarpio secedentis nisi
secus lineam septorum et utrinque placentis opposito.

Pericarpium biloculare membranaceum tenue, septis mem-
branaceis discretis. Placentz carnose stipitatze his opposit#-

Semina 00, complanata irregulariter 4-angula brunnex pul-
chre reticulata.

Tegumenta duplex utrinque adherens exterius coriaceo"

acea tenue e reticulatum brunneum, interius tenuiss.
membranaceum album, albumen corneum. |

hd STYLIDIUM. 275

Embryo obliquus hili latus unum oblique spectans. Radi-
cula conica infera, cotyledones accumbentes seu faciebus
^ angustiorib. seminis opposit. plauo-convexe. — in-
= . conspicua. '
Frutex 3.4 pedalis.
. Has. In sylvis, per totam regionem. Upper Assam valga-
tim occurit,

SCÆVOLEÆ.

Miuvols Taccada, Roxb.

Suffruticosa ramulis crassus, foliis alternis sessilibus obo-
vatis carnosis læte viridibus, apices versus repando-dentat.
sinubus brunneis supra nitidis. Cymis florum axillaribus pauci-
foribus, foliis multo breviorib. florit j albis det
| brunneo-ochroleucis marginibus laciniarum basin versus et
nervo medii tubique fissi, rubro-brunneis.

Pet. sinuato-repanda demissius ciliato-laciniat.

Anth. membrana terminat. Indusium e pilis albis.

. Ovarium calycis dentibus coronat. biloculare, loculis 1-ovu--
lat. ovulis erectis pericarp. drupaceum,.

AR. Mergue. In littorib. arenosis. Ins. parvae prope
ostium-lumen, Palar copiosa : Oct. 1834.—Nov. 1833.

lt forms patches or belts of the most beautiful green I

have ever seen,

Du » i * " | s
E. ! STYLIDACEG.

STYLIDIUM.
Stylidium Brunonis Gr.

Stylidium, caulibus basin versus incrassatus, foliis subrosa-
ceis, spicis ramosis, floribus Cele foliis cellulosis in-
conspicue 3-ne erviis,

276 SPHENOCLEACE2.

Cal. bilabiat. 5-partitus 3 labiis sublateralibus nec vere pos-
tico antico, lab. 2-fido sinistrorsum, 3-fido dextrorsum.

Cor. tubo brevi, limbo irregulariter 5-fido, lobo postico
reflexo dentiforme, lateralia intermedia subtruneata, 2-inferi-
ora majora, biloba.

. Stigma papillosum. Sem. ovat. testa cellulosa.

Has. Mergue.

SPHENOCLEACEZ.
SPHENOCLEA.

Sphenoclee sp.

A succulent marshy aunual with alternate exstipulate
leaves, venation ordinary.

Flowers arranged in dense terminal capitula, sessile, tri-
bracteate. -

Cal. adhrent 5-lobed, imbricate quincunciate margins mem-
branaceus, persistent unchanged.

Corolla small, 5-partite, lacini: inflexed imbricate in esti-
vation; venation simple, one central to each lacinia "ic
within the apex.

: Stam. 5 opposite the sepals inserted into the tube towards
its base, e vascular. Filaments short.

Anthers 2-locular, longitudinal, opening attached to the
apex of the filament. Pollen smooth with 3 pores.

Ovar. entirely adhzrent, 2-celled, ovules 00 antitropal. d

Capsule crowned with sepals, which almost entirely cover
its convex larger disc, style deciduous, 2-celled, seeds 00
testa shortly e coriaceous.

Albumen none. Embryo orthotropous.

Testa externally cellular, immersed bulging out into cones
each of which is traversed from base to apex on botli sides
by a fibre.

LN

MR

w

lata

T CYCLOCODON. 277

f

The embryo separates with its integument probably the
embryonary sac, this is furnisbed with a mammilliform pro-
cess at either end, that next the hilum being the largest, the

other represents its base, no raphe exists.

* CAMPANULACEÆ.

. i CycLocopon.
Cyclocodon distans Gr. Pl. CCCCLXXXI. Fig. I.

Caule subscandent ramoso rubro, articulis paulo incrassa-
tis, fol. opposita breve petiolata lanceolata valde acuminata,
mucronata serrata, l-venia, venulis secondariis subarcuatis
purpureo sepe tinctis. Ramis apice trichotomis ramulis
dichotomis, flore in furca solitario, in apicibus ramulor. sæ-
pius 3-natim aggregatis. ^ Pedicellis filiformibus rubris flori-
bus albis carneo-tinctis.

. Involuera 4-phyllum, patenti-reflexum, foliolis linearibus
entatis, interdum oblique insertis, verticillis nempe non
formantibus,

Flos breve pedicellatus, pedicello fructifero parum elongato.
Calyx? ovario omnino adnatus truncatus obsolitus.

Cor. rotata epigyna 4-partita, laciniis cordatis acutiusculis

"Venus venulosis, estivatione angulato valvata.

Stam. 4 epigyna laciniis corollinis alternantia, filam basi

plana, filiformia demum marcescentia. Anth. oblongz

bases versus affixze, biloculares introrse et longitudinaliter

dehiscent, Pollen globosum minute hispidum, ovarii apex

l

a
Ec depressus concavus. i

hs tylus filiformis, pilosus, stigma 4-lobum lobus papillosis
‘mum recurvis, "
oom adnatum omnino inferum 4-loculare loculis cruci-
liberi 'Positis, Placentis carnosis bipartitis apicis versus
m. : |

ü Pax 00, oblonga foramen hilum prope. Tegumenta dis-

278 CAMPANULACEX.

Fructus capsularis subglobosus, apice depressus corollaque
genitalibusque marcescent. coronat. 8-sulcatus, sulcis septis
respondentibus, profundioribus, 4-loc. Placentz 4 carnoso-
fungosz, loculos ex maxime parte replentes, apices versus
liber, medio sulcate vix bipartite. Semina 00 valde
compressa, subovalia, brunnea nitida. Tegument. simplex
fragile, minute areolatum. Albumen carnosum farinaceum
copiosum. Embryo minutiss. in axi albuminis. Radicula
hilum versus spectans. Cotyledones parve, their faces corres-
ponding to the greater diameter of the seed.

Septis ovarii petalis alternantibus, placentis carnosis suc-
cus lacteus parcus.

Has. Khasyah Mountains. In sylvis Churra: Oct. 16th,
835.

Oss. The above description is probably wrong, as the invo-
lucrum is most likely calyx, although the fact of the tube of
the corolla being adnate tothe ovarium, whilethe calyx is
free, is an anomaly of extremely rare occurrence.

In my Mergue species, C. adnata, Gr. the involucrum is
adnate to the base of the ovary.

CAMPANULA.

1. Campanule sp.

Herba 4 uncialis annua in arenosis proveniens, fol. sessi-
lia linearia obtusiuscula subdentata, flores pauci pid
pedunculati.

Calycis tubus levis obconicus.

Cor. profunde 5-partita, pallide cerulea, filamenta Ad ;

centia.

Antherz stigmataque tria albida hzc revoluta.

Has. Upper Assam, In arenosia, Deboro Mookb: Feb.
28th, 1836.

Unicum specimen, tantum vidi, Inter Jorhauth et Gubro?
copiosa invenitur,

CODONOPSIS. i 279

2. Campanule sp. Pl. CCCCLXXXIII. Fig. 2.

Planta annua in arenosis crescens.

Caulis angulato sulcatus simplex vel subramosus, ramis
nànis,

Cor. carnez.
. Oceurit etiam in cultis Chykwar Assamicz superioris. Nam
Tenai and Meinkhoon : March 25th, 1837.

3. Campanule sp. Pl. CCCCLXXXIII. Fig. 1.

Planta in arenis vel inter saxa fluminum crescens vulgatim
occurrit, secus Brahmapoutram, Nam Tooroon et Nam Ten-
ne

ai.
Delvi apud Meinkhoon : March 25th, 1837.

Coponopsis.
1, Codonopsis albiflora.

Sub scandens erectave herbacea, caulibus ramisque teretibus
petiolis brevibus basi dilatatis, fol. szepissime opposita ali-
quando subopposita, lanceolato-acuminata dentato-serrata, basi
subcordata, tenera floribus terminalibus et ex axillis folior. 2
Summorum solitariis majusculis albis pedicellis. elongatis,
foliis brevior. infra florem sed supra medium 2 bracteata, brac-
teis linearibus dentatis, foliaceis sæpius oppositis.

Cal. tubo sub o basi planus 4-5 partitus laciniis linearib.

ongatis serratis, bracteis consimilibus, zestivatio aperta.

Cor. subcampanulata. tubo brevi viridescent ovario adnato !
` 4-5 partita, laciniis subcordatis vel late ovatis, acutis zstiva-
tione valvatis marginibus prominentibus.

- 4-5 epigyna libera, laciniis corollæ alternant. inclusa,
lam, complanata basibus dilatat. Anth. erect subsagittat.
bilocu] &longit. dehiscentes inérorse. Pollen rotundat. hispi-
dulum album,

Stylus | brevis; cylindricus apice versus pilifer. Stigmata
onga crassa patente erecta.

280 CAMPANULACE®.

Ovar. 5-6 loculare vel loculi tot quot styli, loculis 00 ovu-
latis, ovulis placentis intrantibus carnosis affixis, foramen
hilum prope.

Fructus capsularis calyce laciniisque persistentibus sti-
patis, laciniis corollinis subdeciduis ideoque quasi truncatus
videtur filamenta bases persistenti inflexw, stylo apiculato
5-6 locularis.

Placentz albz carnose si 5, bifide, sem. 00, minuta. Testa
brunnea pulchre reticulata, albumen farinac. Embryo minu-
tus axilis orthotrop. Semin. immatur. vidi.

AB. Mergue. an cleared ground about Banlaw and
Yengboo: no. 1013, F

Oss. The limits of dos calyx are well defined in the fruit by
a line passing between the permanent laciniz, hence the tube
of the corolla is either adhzrent to the ovary, although this
is not demonstrable, or else the corolla is epigynous. In
tle bud however, the middle nervure is distinctly prolonged
to the calyx, and the adherent part is so similar to the free,
that I have but little doubt that such is the case. The exis-
tence of two layers is not demonstrable by a transverse sec-
tion, if such is the case it is a singular instance of an ovarium
united both to the calyx and corolla, to the latter in a much
greater degree.

2. Codonopsis sp.

Scandens volubilis, foliis canis cordato-ovatis basi subre-
niformibus mollibus e rugosulis, fructibus axillaribus breve
pedunculatis nutantibus. Pedunculis rubris basin versus
apice czeruleo-purpureis.

Calyx reflexus, laciniis foliaceis lanceolato-oblongis minute
venulosis purpureis, depress. basi czeruleo purpureo, fructibus
cujus basi calyx adnatus globosus truncatus apice cicatri¢
corolle 5-augulatz notat. et areolata, areola 5-angularia

ce saturato purpureo czruleo, casio areola cujus
majore magis rubescent. nitida, cicatrices stamina angulis

LOBELIA. 98]

alternantibus, basis styli ex medio areole prominula conum
referens.

Fructus pseudo-baccatus pericarpii parietes tenues carnosi,
5-locularis. Placentæ, maximze carnose transversz, loculos
fere replentes, septis axin versus distantibus nec approxima-
tis, faciebus intrantibus internis basi fructus versus papillosis,
. Semina 00 minuta, tota superficiei placentarum bases ver-
sus interne tantum excepte, ovalia minute punctulata foveolato
more, pilo brevissim. apicule filiforme, testa subcoriacea cras-
siuseuli subsimplex.

Albumen carnosum a tripliusculum. Embryo axiliis. Radi-
cula longiuscula subulato-conica hilum spectans. Cotyle-
dones carnosz minute plano-convexiuscule.

Has. Khasyah Mountains Bogapanee: Nov. 5th, 1835.

3. Codonopsis sp. Pl. CCCCLXXXII.

Scandens volubilisque, foliis utrinque canescentibus, floribus
Pendulis magnis campanulatis viridibus, laciniis reflexso-
patentibus margine sanguineis. Calycis sepalis semitortis
reflexis, =

Stigmata margines subconnates. Planta subfztida elegans.
E In fruticetis muflong. Itinerary Notes, p. 56, no.

LOBELIACEZ.

LOBELIA.,
Lobelia.

; Caulibus 4-gonis, sub 4-alatus decumbent. ramosis tenuis,
iS brevis, petiolatis cordatis serratis acutis basi 3-nervus,

floribus axillaribus solitariis longe pedicellatis inconspicuis
Pallide cæruleis, pedicellis foliis duplo longiorib. basi bi-
bracteatis, bracteis foliaceis linearib.

i l. tubus 10-striatus, 5-partitus laciniis lineari-subulatis
. Metis persistentibus, tubo primum longioribus.
L2

282 HYDROLEACE.

Cor. calycis laciniis paulo longiore, later. superior (postice)
longitudinaliter fissa, bilabiat 3-5 partit. laciniis zequalibus.

Stam. 5 ascendentia per rimam corollz, filam. corollze bre-
viorib. liberis. Anth. inter se et cum, stigmate coherente
brunneis, introrse biloculi longit, dehiscentes, connectivo
parce piloso.

Stylus filiformis longit. filament. Stigma papilloso-capitat.
filam, basin corollz inserta, lacin. alternantia, basib. apice-
busque pilosis. Anth. apiculatz, apiculo albo. Pollen ovatum
læve hinc longitudinaliter sulcatum.

Capsula bilocul. placentis carnosis intra locul. product,
polysperma. Sem. 3-angularia apice dehiscence, valvis medio
septiferis. Semina lucidis brunnea, testa membranacea, albu-
men parcum. Embryo minutus in axis albuminis.

Has. Mergue. In aquosis, Oct. 1834. mo. 429. Succus
aquosus,

HYDROLEACEA.

NAMA.
Nama zelanica.

Planta prostrata, floribus pulchre cyaneis læta.

Calyx ad basin fere 5-partit. extus piloso-glandulosus. Se-
pala demum conniventia fructum -includentie.

Cor. rotata, tubo brevi laciniz 5 profunde oblong

Stam. 5 basin corolle inserta cum petalis aec
Filamenta subulata basi dilatata.

Antherz subsagittatze magne, basin affixe, connectivo an-
gusto, loculis teretibus divisum, infra insertionem antheræ
longe producte biloculi introrse, longitudine dehiscentes
sæpe difformes.

Ovarium extus pilosum rotundatum, biloculare. Placent#
binæ carnosæ magnæ.

a 00 transversa funiculo brevi affixa, foramin vix evi-
dent. sursum spectant. tegamentis coalitis.

|
|
|
|
1
|

ERYCIBE. 983

Styli 2 filiformes crassi cyanei.

Stigmata subcapitata papillosa.

Septam ovarii bilamellata, mesocarpio intus inflexo, tenuis-
simo, demum in placentam partem carnosum ampliatissimo.

Capsula membranacea, calyce connivente incluso.

Semina 00, transversa ovato-oblonga, minuta pallida brun-
| nea, exalbuminosa.

Tegumenta bina, exterius membranaceum, tenuissime cel-
lulosum, cellulis punctatis.

Interius membranaceum, apice quasi mamillatum (nucleare)
videtur trabeculatum, an affixum exteriori ope punctis ?

Embryo orthotropus, radicula teres, obtusiuscula. Cotyle-
dones planiuscule convexo-accumbentes vel faciebus seminis
alternantes? Plumula inconspicua. `
ap dmm and situation of parts, see Pl. COCCCLXXXI.

ig

»

.

Has. Assam. Jorhauth: March 4th, 1836.

CONVOLVULACEÆ.

ERYCIBE.
l. Erycibe ferruginosa Gr.

. Frutex scandens, ramis, petiolis, paniculisque, calycibus co-
rollarumque nervis ferrugineo-pillosis, foliis alternis aliquando
Suboppositis breviter petiolatis obovatis acutis integris, su-
perne atro-viridibus infra subglaucis. Paniculis terminalibus,
Tacemosis, bracteis bracteatisque villosis. Pedicellis brevib.
| dense ferrugineo-villosis.

j Cal. basin fere, 5-partit. sepalis rotundatis ciliatis.

Cor. gamopet. tubo calycis longitudinis limbo, 5-lobo, lobis
obeunea is, bifidis parte ovatis ad fissum currento in sestiva-
tionem externa, dorso ferrugineo-villosa et incrassata. :

Stam. 5 fauci inserta, petalis alternantia, introrsa, subsessi-
lia. Anth. biloculze longit. dehiscentes, apiculate. Stylus 0,

. Stigma capitat.
Ovarium globosum I-loculare. Placenta basilaris libera

984 CONVOLVULACEJE. p

inconspicua, ovula 4, an semper? erecta radicula hilum versus,
flores odorati, pallide ochroleuci. ZEstivatio calyces quin-
cancialis nempe 2 externis, 2 internis, | intermedia. Petalo-
rum partes villose valvatim disposite, externae partibus
membranaceis omnino alternes plicato-convolutis.

Has. In sylvis Mergui: August, 1834. no. 175.

2. Erycibe citriniflora Gr.

Fruticosa scandens, fol. breve petiolatis dong. obovatis
subrepandis obtusis, coriaceis subglabris. Racemis corifertis
abbreviatis in axillis szepius folior lapsor. densis pedunculis
pedicellis bracteolis, sepalis extus corolleque parte per esti-
vat. extima rufo-pubescent, floribus majusculis lete citrinis
odore ingrato sinapsis nigri.

Sepalis obtusiss.

Cor. laciniz bilobz, lobis post anthesin conduplicat.

Fila. complanata per brevia, corolle leviter adnata. Anth.
sagittatze.

Ovar. pilis crebris tectum. ‘Stylus brevissim. stigma
magnum capitatum angulato. Ovar L-loculare, 4-ovulat.

Has. Mergue. Ia sylvis Mergue. Jan. 1835.

CONVOLVULUS.
C. lupulifolia.
Scandens, volubilis caulibus glabris parceque pilosis, foliis
inferior palmatim, 7-lobis summis 5 tantum cordatis, dentatis,

lobo terminali majore, — axillaribus 3-5 floris, foliis
breviorib.

Calycis sepalis Es SERO IRA, exteriore purpurascenti
exteriore pilis longis hispido.

Cor. campanulata plicata, majuscula lete luteo, Stigma
bicapitat. |

Ovarium 4-loculare, loculis 2-ovulat,
Has. Borasso juniore scandens Mergue : Dec. 1833.

|
|
i
l
1
E
1
a
1

^ NEUROPELTIS. 285
NEUROPELTIS.
Neuropellis intermedia Gr.

Cal. nitide ferrugineo-velutina.

Cor. alba, parte plicatá angustissime ideoque nervo medii
latissimo ferrugineo-pubescens, rotato-campanulata, tubo
breviss. laciniis 5, ovatis patulis.

Stam. exserta, filam. basi villosa, alba. Ovar. pilosum
medium infra miniat. glandulosumque. Styli 2, stigma
2, reniformi-capitata maxime lobulata.

Ovar. loculis 2-ovulatis ovulis erectis.

iom In sylvis inter Mergue et Kulweng : December 1834.
28. 720. .-8

Neuropeltis bracteata.

Frutex scandens, fol. alternis exstipulatis petiolatis ovatis
vel lanceolato-ovatis integris mucronatis, glabris. Racemis
axillaribus, foliis brevioribus ferrugineo-velutinis, floribus in-
erior in medium bracteze foliacee ovate sessilibus, pedicello
"iy hine adnato, superior bractea libera lanceolata sufful.

x Cal. 5-sepalis, sepalis subcarinatis, ferrugineo-pilosis lanceo-
atis, margine utringue producta membranacea, estivatione
imbricata, -

IE gamopetala, profunde 5-partito, post anthesin con-
lvens,

*

: uot lacinia corolle et iis alterna, sinu-
bus Insert: fil " . Cres " E . "
"i a, filam. filiformia, basibus pilorum fasciculis sti-
atis,

Anth, biloculz longit. lateraliterque dehiscentes, versalitis.
tum bilocul. loculis 1-ovulatis, ovulis erectis. Stylus. ?
EN. In sylvis, no. 679. 3 ergue: Nov. 1834. Vid. post
thesin tantum, Nec Erycibe petalis nempe integris, Habi-
tug hujus generis,

286 CONVOLVULACE:.
Nemopon. Gen. Nov.

Volubilis hirsuta, fol. cordatis 3-lobatis integrisve. Race-
mis abbreviatis axillaribus. Bracteis membranaceis hispidis,
floribus ochroleucis corollis urceolatis plicatis calycibus hispi-
dissimis 5-sepalis, sepalis 2 paulo minoribus.

Cor. tubo inflato, calycis longitud.fauce constricta, limbo
plicato obsoleto-5-lobo, lobis emarginatis.

Stam. 5 corollz ima basin cohzrentia libera, filam. basibus
dilatissim, parte dilatata superne in processum dentiform. in-
ter convexum, pilis glandulosis purpureis hispida et ovario
incumbent. producto, subulata. Anth. subsagittate.

Stylus subulatus, inclusus. Pollen globosum hispidum
album. Stigmata 2 capitata urceolus glandulosus ovarium
ambiens. Ovarium 2-loculare, loculis 2-ovulatis, ovulis erectis.

Has. Mergue, In graminosis prope: Dec. 1834. no. 813.

Ipoma@a.

Ipomea noctiflora

Glabra caule volubila, foliis longe petiolatis cordatis acu-
minatis cum mucronum subrepandis, floribus racemosis ma-
ximis albis suavissima odoratis pedunculis petiolis paulo
breviorib. axillaribus, pedicellis uncialibus, crassis.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis 2 exterior et 1 intermedio apice
mucrone erecto. m

Cor. tubo longiss. limbo hypocraterif. marcescente in-
voluta.

Stam. 5, tubo inserta inequalia. Pollen hispid.

Stigma capit. bilobum lobis e lobulis papillosis formatis.

Torus in cupulam glandulosa ovarii basin cingens abiens.

Ovarium 4-loculare, loculis, 1-spermis.

Has. Mrs. Hutton’s garden Mergue, Floret, noctu: July;
August, 1834.

š

ie a aaa

287
STYRACINEJE.

STYRAX,

Styrax floribunda.

Arbuscula gracilis, pubescentia stellari brevi velutina, fol.
alternis linearis exstipulatis ovatis acuminatis subcrenatis
plus minus ciliatis racemis paucifloris axillaribus terminalis-
que. Pedicellis basi_l-bracteatis, bractea lineari-subulata
floribus nutantibus majusculis albis suave odoratis.

Cal. campanulat. basi ovario adnato, limbo erecto breviter
5-6 dentato, alternantia.

Cor. gamopetala, tubo calycino tubo longitud. campanulata,

_ limbo profunde 5-6 partita, laciniis lanceolatis reflexis, den-

tibus alternant. zstivatione imbricatis.

Stam. laciniis corollinis numero duplo sub-biserialia se-
tie externa petalis, inter sepalis opposit. fauci inserta, li-
bera, Filam. filiforme pubescent. Anth. erect exsertze, li-
neari-oblongze, connectivo carnoso magno loculis linearibus
longitudinaliter introrsumque dehiscent, plus minus pubescent
Velutinis. Pollen ovatum lave hinc sulcat.

Stylus filiformis, stamina superans. Stigma trigonum capitat.

Orar., seminiferum, 3-loculare, loculis pluri-ovulatis. Ovulis
placentis axilibus affixis ascendentibus, foramen inferum hilum

Ope,

Has. In sylvis. Inter Kulweng et Mergue: April, 1835.

Siyraz grandiflora, Pl. CCCCXXII.

ta saturato.viridia, subtus pallidiora, venis subdiaphanis. .
e Mali h tan ann viridescent. Flores albi

AB. Naga mountains between Burmah and Assam. In
*ylvis Prope Namtuzceh: March, 1837. Nempea: March
19th, 1837,

288
EBENACE.

Diospy Ros.

l Diospyros sp.

Gemmæ (apertæ ferrugineo-sericeæ). Folia lanceolato
vel oblongo-ovata obtuse et breviter cuspidata basi subatte-
nuata, non coriacea reticulata, long. 4-5 unciali, lat. 13-2 un-
cialia.

Fructus solitarii sessiles in ramos. subhorizontales.

Calyx tubus obconicus crassus magnus limbo 4-fido, mar-
ginibus insigniter reflexis. Fructus ipse ovatis long. fere un-
cialis, lat. 8-9 lineales, apice adpressa ferrugineo-pilosus et api-
culatus breviter; epicarp. precoriaceum duriusculum, pulpa
copiosiuscula fluida mucilaginosa arctu fibris percursa, 6-
sperma, long. 6-7 lineal. lat. extrem. 3-4.

Semina pendula compressa, tegumen. exterius gelatinosum,
interius pallide brunnescens marginatum, albumen arcte
adherens densum cartilagineum. Embryo in axi dimidii
superioris, radicula longa, bilinealis clavata ; cotyledones folia-
cee lanceolate longitudine circiter radicula.

Succus subdulcis, astringens.

Has. Malacca at Ching Nhinghull : January 27th, 1845.
2 Diospyros argenteus Gr.

Gemme lanceolati-acuminatz argentez imbricate breve
Stipitatz.

Ramuli compressiusculi et tota pars novella, pagina super
foliorum excepta, nitidissima argenteo-sericea, demumque
ferrugineo-argentea vetusta, folia plus minus glabrata subtus
et glauca.

Petioli subbilineales, Folia e basi cordata lineari-oblong
breviter cuspidata, long. 10-uncial.. latit. 3-uncial. integr^
bifaria, ria, supra nitentia,: scure, Ven enis

secondariis Een parum conspicuis,

ga SE nh OS EM RC O ED, eC ae

~ DIOSPYRUS, 289

Fructus axillares fere subsessiles, basi l-bracteata, calyce
4-sepalo, sep. maximis oblongis, concavis, obtusis (lustre
really metallic) extus argentissime sericeis intus venosis,
long. 17-18 lineas, lat. 10-11 metientem. `F. ipse oviformis 2
. unciali et 5 lin. long. lat. 14 uncial strigossissime pilis virides-
centi-albidis breve cuspidatus stylo base (epicarpio vel cuticula
viridi homogenea albo-cellulosa except immatura) 8-locu-
laris,

Semina 6 subcylindric. utrinque paullo attenuata, longi-
tudine fere fructus tegumentum album cellulosum. Albumen
cartilagineum., Embryo in superum partem albuminis.

Radicula clavata crassa. Cotyledones oblonge 31 lineales,
longitudine circiter radicule.

D. discolori aff. foliatione.

. Han. Malacca: January 27th, 1845.

2. Dispyros embryopteris.

Arborea dioica, fol. oblongis obtusis coriaceis integerrimis,
reticulatis, marginibus cartilaginosis. ^ Paniculis e ramis
vetustioribus ortis vel terminalibus cymosis, cymis secundis,
3-chotomis, sepiusque 3-floris. floribus majusculis ochroleu-
cis suaviter odoratis. —Pedunculis pedicellis calycibusque
extus, bracteisque, atro-ferrugineo pubescent. :

Jal, 4-5 dentata, dentibus subovatis szepius acutis.

Cor. urceolato-campanulata, imbricata, 4-fido, laciniis sub-
cordatis revolutis, zestivat. ? 3

tam, indefinite hypogyna. Filam. libera breviss. Anth.
adnate bilocul. longit. dehiscens, apiculo papilloso emargi-
mato integrove, Connectiv. utrinque praesertim intus piloso.
Rud, ovarium central. |
- Has. Ad littoram Insular. alibique circa Mergue, vulgate
urit. Amherst ad littoram arenosam : Dec, 1834.

xu 2

290 EBENACE £.
SIDEROXYLUM.

Sideroxylum obovatum.

Arbuscula, ramulis angulatis brunreo- velutinis, fol. obovato
junior subtus ferrugineo-integris, floribus capitulatis, axillari-
bus, parvis albis. Pedicellis basi minute ] -bracteat.

Sepal. 5, subinzequalia rotundata imbricata.

Cor. rotata, 5-partita, lacinie rotundate, sinubus squami-
feris, squamis subcarnosis plus minus laciniatis.

Stam. 5 epipetali e laciniis corollinis oppositi, filam. subulat.

Anth. subversat. bilocul. longit. lateraliterque dehiscentes.

Discus hypogynus glandulosus lutescens, crenulato-repan-
dus, superum pilifera, pilis pallide ferrugineis ovarium cingit.

Stylus brevis subpentagonis. Stigma lineat. Ovar. 5-locu-
lare, loculis 1-ovulatis, ovula medio affixa, foramen superum ?

Has. Mergue. Apud Bopeem. no. 1102.

l. Ebenacee.

Arbuscula dioica ramis albidis cinereis, foliis alternis €x-
stipulatis, breve petiolatis elliptico-ovatis integris, obtuse
acuminatis, glabris penninervus, luteo viridibus. Paniculis
carnosis subhemisphericis, axillaribus, breve pubescent. foliis
breviorib. Bracteis minimis, floribus numerossissimis par-
vis albis odoratis, in pedicellorum apices articulat.

Cal. parvus, breviter 3-4 dentat. dentibus rotundatis.

: Cor. urceolato tubo subgloboso 3-4 dentata, dentibus erec-
tis marginibus recurvis lutis, rotundatisque estivatione imbri-
catis,

_ Stam. circiter 13-20, hypogyna biserialia libera, corolle
imz basin leviter cohzrentia.

Anth. ovate acute papillosz, apices versus bilocul. laterali-
ter dehiscent. Connectivum majusculum, filam filiformia sub-
plana interioris breviora,

SAPOTACEA. 291

Pollen oblongo-ovatum leve hinc sulcatum, Rud. ovarii
centrale, lobatum angulatum.

Has. Inter arbusculos circa Mergui: no. 175. Dec. 1834.
Fem. nondum vidi.

2. Ebenacee.

Frutex dioicus 8-10 pedalis, ramulis flexuosis virgatis, fol.
alternis exstipulatis lanceolatis, obtuse acuminatis integris
subrepandis penninervus, nervis secondariis, margines versus
confluent. floribus axillaribus solitariis vel 2-3 racemosis se-
cundis, inconspicuis, lutescent, pedicellis brevibus basi bi-
bracteatisve.

Cal. ad basin usque fere 4 parta, laciniis foliaceis ovatis, mar-
ginibus extrorse curvatis.

Cor. hypocraterif. tubo 4-gono, conico subulato, nempe,
apicem versus alternato, calycem fere duplo excedent. limbo
5-partito, laciniis ovatis reflexis zstivatione contortis! Sepa-
lis alternantibus.

Stam. circiter 14-16 hypogyna? basin corolle adnata
cuique separabile, filam. filiform, valde inzequalia flexuosa.
Anth. erecte subadnate inclusz apiculate biloculi longit.
dehiscentes, incluse. Rud. fem

Has. Mergue. In sylvis dis collis Pator prope basin

^o. 984, Feb. 1834.

"An genus Nov. certe non Diospyrum species legitima.

Interdum monstros. coadit, Corolla in verticel. foliosum
4-foliis calycines,

SAPOTEA.

SAPOTEA«
Sapatee sp. Pl. DI.
Arbuscula vel arbor.
uli virides.
= Fol. Subopposita subcoriacea saturato-viridia subtus pal.
a, venis secondariis distinctis arcuatis suboppositis.

202 SAPOTACEJE.

Petioli subteretes viridescentes.

Panicule axillares virides, flores fasciculati directione varii
ochroleuci, fortiter odorati.

Calyx viridescens demum brunnescentis.

Gemm:z squamatz terminales brunnez. Ovar, superum
biloculare, ovulis solitariis ascendentibus.

Habitus Sapindacearum.

Has. Burmah, Namyoon: March 10th, 1837.

IsONANDRA.

Isonandra hexandra.

Ramuli teretiusculi pallide brunnescentes. Gemme fer-
ruginez. Petiole subunciales a medio circiter infra incras-
sata et e sulcata; lamina oblongo-lanceolata, breviter et
obtuse cuspidata patentia subundulata, long. 5-6 uncialis, lat.
2-24 uncialia: v. secondariz arcuate inferne venules trans-
versis anastomosantes nexa.

Flores plures in axillis aggregati, glomeruli evolutione irre-
gulares, forsan subinversa nutantes vel nutante penduli, me-
diocres viridescente albidi, odore subingrato. Pedicellis sub
3-uncial, basi bracteis squamiformibus ferrugineo-puberulis
interspersis, subclavatis. ZEstivotio saltem sepal 3 interior
leviter imbricata.

Calyx tubo cupuliformis, ad medium tripartitus, pubescens
sub ferruginescens, sepala 3 interiora: omnia cordato-ovata.

Corolla rotata, tubo brevi obconica lamina, 6-partita laci-
niis lanceolatis concavis obtusis patentibus.

Stam. numero pet. duplo, fauci inserta, filamenta pilosius-
cula subulata, his petalis opposita longiora. Antheræ erect?
Sagittate mucronato-aristatze, extrorsz, biloc. longit. dehis-
cent. i
een immersum ellipticum triplicatum, plicis medio poro-
D deeem Pesci subrotundum, 6-loculare. Stylus subu-

bus, alabastra etiam apice exsert. paullo longior petalis.

MYRSINACEZ. 293

Stigma simplex. Ovula in loculis solitaria, pendula anatropa
tegument 0.

Has. Malacca Nhinghull.

Ison. hexandra Gr. fl. haxandris, fol. oblongo-lanceol.

Oss. The diminution in size of the stamina opposite the
sepals, which ought to be the largest, is in accordance with the
character of the order.

There is another hexandrous species here.

Ison obovatis Gr. foliis obovata subtus glaucescentia punc-
tatisque, alabastrus ferruginea, antheris ferrugineo-villosis,

Malacca: January 30th, 1845.

` MYRSINACEE.

EMBELIA.
Embelie sp.

Frutex erectus, 6-8 pedalis. Rami divergentis, glabris
flexuosa, teretes. Fol. alterna ovato-lanceolata, acuminata
Tepanda, penninervia utrinque glabra, seniora subspinoso-
dentata, petiolata, Petioli 4 uncialis. Paniculi florum axil-
lares, terminalesque, ramulis divaricatis. Flores parvi albi,
odore prussico.

Cal. basi 3 bracteatus, 5-partitus laciniis cordatis obtusis
tubo brevi,

Cor, rotata, 5-partita, laciniis rotundatis crenato-repandis.
. Stam. 5-paullo infra faucem inserta. Filam. petalis oppo-
Sita Vix exserta filiformia. Anth. ovato-rotundze, adnatæ bilo-
cul. longitudinaliter dehis. Pollen ovatum leve, longitudinali-
ter sulcatum.

Stylus brevis, stigma 3-4 fid. inclusum.

“var. l-loeulare. Placenta libera centralia. Ovula plura,

complanata vix peltata ?
Bractea lanceolata ad basin cujusque pedicell. æstivatio
CUyds imbricata. Pl, DXLVIIL Fig. e. part of the pla-
centa and ovula,
B. In sylvis circa Moulmain copiosa, Dec, Jan. 1834.

294 MYRSINACEJX.
AJEGICERAS,
AEgiceras fragrans.

Arbuscula, glabra. Ramuli teretes, Folia sparsa, petio-
lata obovata, obtusissima, integerrima, coriacea, l-nervia.
Flores umbellati, albi odorati, umbellz sessiles, axillares vel
terminales et tunc oppositifoliz, pauciflorze.

Pedicelli filiformes elongati.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis ovatis membranaceis (basibus car-
nosis) oblique imbricatis, potius? arcte contortis.

Cor. gamopetala, hypogyna, hypocrateriformis, tubus ca-
lycis longitudinis, limbus profunde 5-partitus, laciniz ovate
acute, demum reflexz! decidua, zstivatio contorta.

Stam. tot quot petala et iis opposita. Filam. subulata
exserta, basi in annulum corollz, basin adnatum accreta annu-
lus, (potius cupula) pubescens.

(Faux corolle dense pubescens tubus glanduloso pubescens,
pubescentia nempe glandulis capitata.

Anth. basibus emarginatis, affixæ, subversatiles, bilocul.
longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Loculi parietes crassi-cellulosis,

Ovarium 1-loculare, ovula 00, placenta carnosa centrali im-

rsa.

Stylus subulatus crassiusculus rubro-punctatus. Stigma
simplex. Ovula ascendentia, inferiora, transversa. |

Has. In limosis ad ripas flavum Martabanee inter Rhizo-
phoras copiosa. Florens. Feb.]

The ovules are not peltate, the ipods are ascending, the
lower transverse, the foramen is near the hilum, it is by the
greater subsequent development of the part in which the
foramen is situated that the seed becomes peltate. The im-
mersed glands are indistinct.

Pl. DXLVIII. Fig. a.

Longitudinal slice of placenta, and the ovula before the
expansion of the flowers, shewing x, x, the situation of the
hilum and o, o, the foramen,

Moulmein: Feb. 1834.

ee IH ONIS TUENTUR ee E EEEN

295
EpGEWORTHIA.

Edgeworthia, Pl. CCCCXCVIII.

Arbuscula vel arbor. parva, interdum inermis, ramulisque
sepius in spinis fortibus abeuntibus et dense ad pressque albo-
pubescent. Fol. alternis, obovatis obtusis, integerrimis co-
riaceis, patentibus vel szepius deflexis, dispositione valde varius
siccatione margine reflexis, v. secondariis distinctiusculis inter
venius minute indistincti reticulatis. Petiolis brevibus, sub-
tus glaucescent. Flores odorati. Bracteola minuta sepalis
consimilis subflorem quemque vix semper. Floribus in axillis
aggregatis subsessilibus.

Cal. imbricat. 5-sepalum, ferruginis hirtus.

Cor. monopetala, lutescens, tubo brevissimo laciniis 5 re-
flexis, zestivat. imbricatis.

Stam. 10 fauci inserta ; 5 sterilia interiora sepalis opposi-
fa reflexa, e basi subsagittata, acuminatiss. ochroleuca lutesc.
Colore corollee; 5 fertilia exteriora, petalis opposita eodem
colore.

Filam. subulata longa per zestivat, apicibus geniculatum in-
flexis nunquam recta ficent ! Anthere basi afhxe oblonge
biloculares extrorsze ! precocius dehiscentes. Sterilia fauci
inserta! fertilia in basi laciniarum. Pollen oblongz glabum
1-3 plicat, ©

Ovar. ovatum, pilis rigidis vestit. basin solidum, apicem ver-
aus uniloculare, rudimentis septis tenuissimis ? an semper ?

4 ticei si solitarium globosum, castaneo brunneum, pisi
majoris magnitudine, si dua (rarissime) hemispherica secus
cies adpressus, lineis elevatis 3-5 (an rapheos ramulis) notat.

Tegument, exterius coriaceo-chartacea,

Tegument. interius tenuissimum cellulosum, plerumque e
vasculis conformatum.

_ Tegument, intimum tenuissimum ? albumini adnatum.
"Umen copiosum, carnosum, ruminatum, tegmentis
uS exterioribus.

206 MYRSINACE.E,

Embryo axilis curvatus, radicula longa micropylem (nota
luteola hilum prope sine ulla elevatione) distinctam spectans.

Cotyledones foliacez, raphe opposite.

Raphe seminis globos in nulla exterius discernenda, vasa
teste partem intimam Verdier dispositze, et sacculus
embryonarius absorptus ?

Stylus e basi attenuatis e medio circiter oblique ascendens
vasc. fasc. 3-5.

Stigma terminal. punctiforme, canal. stigmat, simplex,
i.e. termin. ovula pauca, 5.7 erecta, tegmentis cum nu-
cleo concretis, foramine inconspicuo prope hilum, et extus
spectans, raphe raniosa.

Fecundatio przecocio, stylus nempe exalbastro cito exseritur
et longe ante stam. dehiscent.

'The corolla is slight monopetalous, the lines marking the
separation of the sepals extending below the sinuses nearly
-to the base of the tube, and there diverging from each other,
-so that itis entirely bound together by the sterile stamina,
which extend outside to the base of the tube. The relative
situation of the sterile and barren stamina appears viewing
the corolla unopened to be the reverse of what it should be,
but when the corolla is laid open, there is a certain promi-
* nence down the tube, along the course of the filaments, that
leads me to believe that their exterior situation is due to
adhesion being carried up beyond its usual limits. The sterile
‘Stamina are vascular.

There would appear to be a tendency in this plant to rup”
ture of the ovary. In the two instances I have seen, 4
in which the rupture, judging from the margins, an and the
width of the rupture, was of considerable standing ; the you"s
seed was as perfect. in its development, as in the normal
state. This rupture from the appearance of the margins 35
scarcely to be attributed to insects.

The embryonary sac is a large fleshy transparent
curved in the direction of the seed, its surface is ie
dulated,—the first steps to its rumination, so that i

aeaa ia a a all ot

EDGEWORTHIA. - 297

this instance the membrane inflected into the albu-
men wil be partly at least nucleary. The stalk of the
embryo is exceedingly large, the largest I have met with,
it is worthy of remark that, at its apex it is very laxly cellu-
lar, the tissue gradually becoming more condensed as it ap-
proaches the embryo, still no part of the radicle is formed
from it,

This is obviously a transition genus, between Myrsinez and
Sapotacez, with a preponderation perhaps of characters in
favour of the former where it is placed by Dr. Falconer.
The relative affinity it has with the two above orders
may be decided in favor of Myrsinez, on account of its habit.
and inflorescence, which is like that of Myrsinea. ‘It
probably comes close to Jacquinia.

The infexion of the filament isa curious character, the
anthers however return to their usual direction, (is this the
case in Melastomacez ?)

The protrusion of the style, at so early a period is

Unusual, it is not united with a correspondingly early dehis-
cence of the anthers, but it is perhaps? associated with the
late expansion of the corolla, which forms a tube round the
Style,
_ It would appear that fecundation is unusual, although fruit
18 produced in immense quantities, but their quantity com-
Pared with that of the flowers is extremely small, and sel-
dom more than 2 young fruits are to be found in an axilla.

The order Myrsinez appears to me unnatural, nor can I
think otherwise, viewing such genera as Ardisia united with

yrsinea, but I know few of the plant it contains.

calyx is entirely that of Sapotes.
Cal. 5 sepalus. Cor. subrotata, laciniis reflexis, stam. ste-
Tilia 5, fertilia 5, lacinia basibus insert. xstivation imbricat.
filam, inflex, ovar. unilocul. placenta sub 0. Ovulis erectis,
pis,

Semen unicum, album, corneum ruminatum, Embryo axilis
NA

298 MYRSINES.

curvat. cotyled. foliaceis, radicula longa. ^ Frutex Szepius
spinosus, fol. obovatis coriaceis, floribus aggregatis in axillis.

BÆOBOTRYS.

Baobotrys indica Roxb. Pl. D. Fig. II.
.1, 2. Alabastra shewing the estivation.
Flower expanded.

Do. longit. section.
Diagram of alternation.
Anther outer view.
Do. inner.
Do. lateral.
Do. after dehiscence.
10. Pollen dry.
1l. In water py
12. Calyx and ovarium or pistillum.
13. Do. longit. section.
14. Placenta. |
15. Ovulum, ; |
Has. Naga mountains at Yoomsan : Feb. 28th, 1837.
The outer series of stamina is wanting, and no trace of it
to be found, is the epigynous disk a modification ? Stigmata |
* 5 generally combined in two, 5 distinct vascular fascicles of
style 5.

OOM A HR ow

CHORIPETALUM. l

l. Choripetali sp. Pl. CCCCXCIX.

Frutex scandens.

Paniculis basi fucescent. czeterum uti flores canescenti-
viridibus, flores odorati. ;

Folia supra secus costam irregulariter glandulosa.

Haz. Patkaye Mountains between Assam and Burma.
Inter Nidding et Culleyang. Delvi: March 23rd, 1837.

2. Choripetali sp. Pl. D. Fig, 1.

Mas. fl. albido-virides.

Has. Mishmee mountains,

299
PRIMULACE.E.

Primulacee. Affghan,

Calyx campanulat, ad medium 5-partit. villosiuscul.

Cor. hypocraterif. tubo calyce vix longior subcylindrac.
laciniis 5 oblongo-obtusis venosis, faux annulo carnoso, semi-
clausa.

Stam. inclusz, medium circiter tubo insertz, filam bre-
Viuscula filiformia. Anth. introrsz magnze albæ bilocul. longit.
dehiscens, venze corollze 10, alternis ad sinus currentibus after
forming the annulus, it then becomes Brunonian.

Capsula bilocularis, inclusa calyce, valvis bipartitis vel bi-
fidis, Placenta compressa, post dehiscent. lobato.

Semina 2? like Oncidium, rugosa brunnea, intus cochleata:

PRIMULA.
l. Primulacee sp. Pl. CCCCLXXXV. Fig. 1. Itinerary
Notes, p. 193, no. 396.
Has. Tassyasen Bootan. Fed. 117A, 1838.

2. Primulacee sp. Pl. CCCCLXXXV. Fig. 2. Itinerary*
Notes, p. 135, no. 582.

Han. Bootan. Tassyasen. Feb. 11th, 1838. Young leaves
and calyx farinaceous.

LysIMACHEA,.

Lysimachee sp. Pl. CCCCLXXXIV.

Herba spithamza vel minor aspectu omnino Cruciferarum
quarumdam floribus albis, corolla profunde 5-partita, antheris

bidis,

Has, Burmah. In campis versus Carmein, Delvi ad Car-
men: April 2nd, 1837.

300
VACCINACELE.-

VACCINIUM.
Vaccinii sp. Pl. DXVII. Itinerary Notes, p. 23, no. 363.
Has. Khasyah mountains; Churra Ponjee: Sep. 28th,
1837.

GAULTHERIA.

1. Gauliherie sp. Pl. DXVII A. Itinerary Notes, p. 125,
no. 430.

Has. Bootan at Bailfai.
2. Gaultherie sp. Pl. DXVIII. Fig. II. Itinerary Notes,
p. 98, no. 897.
Has. Khasyah mountains Mujlong: Oct. 8th, 1837.
GAYLUSSACIA.

. 1. Gaylussacia serrata, Gr. Pl. DVII.
Has. Bootan at Bhoomlungtung.
2. Gaylussacia incurvata, Gr. Pl. DVI.
Has. Khasyah mountains at Amwee : Nov. 7th, 1837.
Itinerary Notes, p. 84, no. 1217.

THIBAUDIA.

1. Thibaudia auriculata, Gr. Pl. DVIII.
Has. Bootan. Itinerary Notes, p. 124, no, 429.

2, Thibaudia retusa, Gr. Pl. DIX.
l. Bud.

2. Vernation.

3. Genitalia in situ,

4, 5, 6. Stamina.

7. Stamina in a very young state.

DRE
TRE SESS AN STRESS MEE T eme qe eEEE————————

THIBAUDIA. 901

8, Do. more advanced.

9, Pollen.

10, Pistillum.
l1. Ovary transverse section of.
12. Portion of a placenta.

13. Ovulum.

The dorsal processes are growths from the connectivum,
this Ithink is shewn by their similarity in structure with
this, by their situation which is not on one locellus, but be-
tween the two, and by both locelli being obviously prolonged
into the simple membranous termination.

Has. Bootan. Itinerary Notes, p. 153, no. 756.
3. Thibaudia myrtifolia, Gr. Pl. DX.
Has. Bailfai in Bootan : January 28th, 1838.
4. Thibaudia gaultherifolia, Gr. Pl. DXII.
m Bootan at Tasangsee. Itinerary Notes, p. 136, no.

9. Thibaudia revoluta, Gr. Pl. DXIII.

Has. Bootan at Tongsa. Itinerary Notes, p. 152, no. 752.

6. EINE glabra, Gr. Pl. DXIV. cL TES. Notes, p.
84, no.

a om mountains,

7. Thibaudia sp. Pl. DXIVA.

Has. Khasyah mountains Muflong ; Oct. 7th, 1837.

8. Thibaudia obliqua, Gr. .Pl. DXV. Itinerary Notes, p.

> o, 478.

Has, Khasyah mountains ; Churra Ponjee: Sept. 30/5,1837.

9. Thibaudia camelifolia, Gr. Pl. DXVI. Itinerary Notes,
P. 61, no, 928,

> Khasyah mountains; Myrung : Oct, 11th, 1837.

302 VACCINACEX.

CERATOSTEMA.
1. Ceratostema angulatum, Gr. Pl. DIII.

Frutex.

Rami angulata ramulique cinerea.

Petioli pallide fuscescentes.

Fol. subcoriacea, infra luteo-viridia, costa albida supra
saturata viridia, ven. secondarie tantum conspicuosule.

Pedicelli clavato sanguineo-rubri, calyx viridescens san-
guineo-tinctus.

Cor. campanulata, laciniz reflexze, carnea hyalina, sanguineo-
venosa, more C. variegata.

Has. Khussee Kyoung : March 16th, 1837. Patkaye moun-
tains, Journey from Assam to Ava.

2. Ceratostema miniatum, Gr. Pl. DIV.

Frutex epiphyticus subscandens, fol. supra atro-viridia
venis secondarius conspicuis subtus pallidis.

Squamz gemmarum brunnez.

Racemi abbreviati fusco-rubescentes, bractez ferrugineo-
brunnez.

Corolla miniata acuta 5-angula, genitalia inclusa, Calyx
longit. rugosus, purpureo miniat. uti pedicellus.

Has. Summit of the Patkaye mountains, alt. 4500 ft,
Journey from Assam, to Ava: March Gth, 1837.

3. Ceratostema variegatum. Pl. DII.

Frutex epiphyticus ut omnes species.

Radicula apicem versus valde incrassates subfusiformis.

Fol. luteo-viridia subtus pallida.

Racemi abbreviati penduli szpius e parte caulis vetusta
viridis, bracteolz minute brunnez.

Pedicellus basin viridis czeterum sub sanguineus.

Cor. in alabastro 5-angulata, tubo demum sub rotundata,

laciniis reflexis læta sed pallide viridibus. Anth, cornubus

ERICACEA. 303

semi exsertis lutescent. Stigma hec superans. Discus epigy-
nus albidus.

Has. Naga Mountains, Journey from Assam to Ava;
March, 1837.

4. Ceratostema nanum, Gr. Pl. DV,

Frutex nanus, foliis lanceolatis angusti-integris margine
recurvatis. Racemis elongatis, pedicelli apice fimbriato. l

Has. In collibus Nagensibus prope Lainkaran: March,
183

Hujus generis nunc species plures mihi notæ sunt, quarum
binæ e collibus Khasiensibus, tres e Mishmeensibus et cir-
citer 6 e collibus Nagensibus proveniunt, una sola floribus
solitariis et foliis suborbicularibus gaudet, C. Wightianum
mihi Mss. specieum omnuim. C. vaccinaceum tantum col-
lium pedes versus invenitur.

Delvi Nempeum: Journey from Assam to Ava: March

20th, 1837,
ERICACEA.
RHODODENDRON.

l. Rhododendron sp. Pl. DXVIII. Fig. I. Itinerary Notes,
P: 190, no. 1016.

Haz, Bootan, alt. 8000 ft.

2. Rhododendron deflezum, Gr. Pl. DXIX. Itinerary
Notes, P. 192, no. 1046. Private Journal, p. 290,

3. Rhododendron macranthum, Pl. DXX.

Has, Tongse Bootan.

4. Rhododendron sp. DXXI.

Haz. Bootan at Tongsa: March 13th, 1838.

9. Rhododendron oblongum, Gr. Pl. DXXII. Itinerary

otes, p. 192, no, 1045. Private Journal, p. 290.

Haz, Bootan,

304 MENISPERMACE.
| MONOTROPACE.
MoNoTROPA.

Monotropa sp. Pl. DXXIII. Fig. I. Itinerary Notes, p. 38,
no. 629.
MENISPERMACE.

Roxburgh’s Menispermez in his unpublished Mss. draw-
ings in the Library Bot. Garden.

M. heteroclitum Vol. 15, t. 55. is very distinct in the male
organs, the females do not seem remarkable.

Stamina plurima monadelphia vel columna staminum apice
multi locellata, squamze

M. fenestratum Vol. 15, t. 54. exceedingly resembles Phy-
tocrene, but has the wood of Menispermum, the female heads
are scarcely distinguishable from those of Phytocrene, it is
remarkable for ruminate albumen.

Fl. fzemin. capitat. albumen /e cavum) ruminatum.

M. polycarpon, Vol. 15, t. 57. Tiliacora, is also distinct in the
form of the stamens, the many ovaria, and fruits, which are
not curved, the embryo is not represented, it comes close fo
Anonacez.

Filam. gracilia subulata. Anth. terminalis, Ovaria plura.
Drupa e cava.

M. cordifolium 15, t. 51.

^ verrucosum | ,, t. 53.

+> hirsutum... ,, t. 06. Appear genuine.
— laurifolium suppt. * t. 20.

— Columba .,, t. 22,

M. hexagynum may en prides but it seems to differ
chiefly in 3 additional Pistilla.
M. tormentosum 15, t. 52, has capitate stigmata,
CLYPEA.
Clypea, Pl. CCCCXCVII. Fig. II.
Su

X dioicus scandens volubilis, minute pubescens;
mucilagiue effatus,

CLYPEA. 305

Fol. longe petiolata, oblonga, basi hastata, acuminata,
grosse serrata, glabra, carnosa, basi 5-venia, subtus pallida;
vernatione involutiva. Juniora utrinque brunneo-punctata et
infra ad venas pubescenti-pilosa.

Cymi plures aliquoties dichotomi, paullo supra axillares,
(petiolis 3-4 uncialibus teretibus) breviores, corymbosi multi-
flori, Divisiones basi bractea setacei suffultm. ^ Pedicelli
breviusculi basi bracteati.

Flores minuti, nutantes, viridescenti-lutescentes.

Sepala 6-serie duplici, zestivatione imbricata, oblonga,
apice rotundata, dorso pilosa.

Petala totidem duplici serie, sepalis opposita, spathulata,
carnosa, margine media supra membranacea, dentatoque, l-
venia, vena mediatenus currens.

Stam. monadelpha, columna clavata, apice rotundato-clava-
tis, fasciculis vasorum 3 przcursa.

Anthere 6 biseriatz, petales oppositz, 3 inferiores exteri-
oribus, 3 superiores interioribus oppositze 4-loculares! trans-
verse Subvalvatim dehiscentes, valvis siccatione quam ma-
xime contractis.

Pollen rotundato-angulatum album majusculum lve.

Rad. fem. nullum.

Han. Upper Assam, In sylvis, Suddyah, marem tantum
hucusque vidi.

Proxim. Cissampeli, discrepans numero ternario, petalis
inctis, antherisque bilocularibus et quodammodo habitu.

Cuticula e cellulis irregularibus varia angulatis infera tan-
tum stomatosa, stomata inzequalia, ovata parva, disco opaco.

is constat. e parenchymata, laxiusculo rotundato, 6-
80no, cellule systema vasculosum et fibrosum versus minimze,

Systema vasculosum peripheria approximata, partibus sub-

misphæricis - alternatim majusculis, minimisque, hisque
exterioribus, nuperioribusque. 3 |

Vasa fibris circumcincta irregularia pauca, extima maxi-
ma, intima minima, Vasa intima spiralia et annulata, interme-

o 2

306 MENISPERMACEX.

dia majora, ductus solubilis fibra composita nec ne ; exteriora e
cellules punctates superimposites ; Fibre punctate.

Systema cellulosum laxissimum hemisphericum extrorsum
adjectum.

Systema fibros. peripher. prope, continuum, ex arcubus
pluribus systematibus vasculosis oppositis constans, arcus
convex. extrorsum spectant. Distinctio corticis parenchyma-
tisque obsoleta.

2. Clypee sp. Pl. CCCCXCII. Itinerary Notes, p. 35,
no. 581.
Has. Bootan.

CoccuLvs.

1. Cocculus convolvulaceus.

Volubilis glaber. caulis teres, spiraliter lineatus.

Folia cordata, aliquando cordato-rotunda, acuminata cuspi-
datis integerr. basi 7-nervia, subtus glauca et reticulata,
Petioli 4 pollici longi, basi latiores, et sublobati.

Inflorescentia fasciculato-racemosa. Racemis axillares basi
articulati foliis longiores.

Flores in fasciculis 4-5 florum dispositi ad basin cujusque
fasciculi bractea linearis decidua. Flores lutei, ingrati
odoris.

Sepala 3 ovato-lanceolata ima basi discreta.

Pet. 3 sepalis, 4 duplo majora, et iis alterna, oblonga pa-
tentia marginibus recurvis,

Stamina 6 hypogyna, biserialia, seriei externa sepalis,
interna petalis opposita. Filamenta clavata, Antheræ
extrorsz, bilocul. longitudin. dehiscentes. Squama sti-
pitata, limbo rotundo-obovata, filamenta cujusque externe
basin suffultiens.

Rudiment fem. vel nullam vel imperfectum, concave
convexum latus concavum ovulum imperfectum gerens.

Cuar. sPECIF. C. foliis cordatis, acuminato cuspid
7-nerviis utrinque glabris, subtus gl
culis masculis axillaribus, subcompositis, folio longioribus.

edull-

COCCULUS. 307

Oss. It is more agreeable to the laws of organisation to
refer the outer series to the calyx, the inner to the corolla,

Ithink the fact of the stamens being distinctly in two series,
(and consequently their corresponding squame or pet. D. C.
being so) disproves the idea of the squamæ being petals.
Petals are usually situated between the calyx and the sta-
mina, these scales are thus arranged—3 scales, 3 stamens.
Taking them for petals, we have the following anomalous
arrangement. A calyx of 6 sepals situated on two distinct
planes, 3 petals, with three stamens and 3 petals, 3 stamens.
If they are petals the stamina do not appear to be hypogynous,
but periginous, universally separating with the scales.
lobservedan imperfect development of the ovarium in
some male flowers.

2. Cocculus nudiflorus.

Caulib. scandent. volubil. carnosis. Fol. 0. Racemis ex

axillis folior. lapsor. 3-4 uncial. multifloris erectis. Pedicellis
basi bracteatis, floribus majusculis fusco-viridibus.
. Nepal. 3 minuti, ovati. Pet. 3 iis alternant. multo ma-
Jore, patentia. — Squamz 6 hypogyna petaloidez quorum 3
exteriore majore, sepalis opposita, 2 interior minore petalis
marginibus basin versus involutis.

Rud. stam. 6, hypogyna, breviss. setacea, squamis opposita,
apicibus obtuse conicis.

Carpella 3 distincta, toro dilatato elevato insidentia, sepalis
Opposita, :

Stylus crassus breviss. Stigma subreniforme repan-
dum, l-loeufare, l-ovulat. ovula pendulo ab apicem locule
versus, foramen hilum prope super. Tegument. ovuli simplex.

Han. In sepib. Mergue: March, 1835. Masem legi apud
Motow sed nex exminandum : Feb. 1835.

BS. The stem presents two separate systems of wood, the
, Suter fibrous disposed in arches, the ends of which communicate
one with the other, the fibro vascular or inner, deposited in
regular bundles, near the pith ; these bundles are quite dis-

finet, Interposed between the two formations, is lax uncolor-

308 A MENISPERMACE EZ.

edtissue. The whole tissue abounds in amylaceous granules
of large size. The vessels are very large and as they are in
Plytocrena.

3, Cocculus villosus.

Fruticosa dioica brunneo-pubescens. Ramis scandentibus,
foliis alternis exstipulatis, petiolatis, elliptico-ovatis mucrona-
tis, integris ciliatis reticulatis utrinque brunneo pubescentib.
floribus in axillis aggregatis solitariis internisve in pedicellis,
subnutant. inconspicuis viridibus.

Cal. bibracteolat. 3-sepalus, sepalis ovatis petalisque extus
brunneo-pubescent.

Cor. 3 petal. pet ovalia subreflexa sepalis alternantia sub-
carnosa intus pilis albis sparsis.

Squamule hypog. 6 cuneato obovato subintegra, medio
sulcatze.

Stam. totidem hypog. squamulis opposita, biserialia, serie
exter. sepalis opposita, interna petalis opposita, filam brevia
subclavata connectivum carnosum. Anth. bilocul. loculis des-
cretis medium versus dehiscent. Pollen ovatum leve hinc
sulcatum. Æstivatio corollz valvata.

Has. In sylvis. Mergue: Sept. 1834.

CESSAMPELOS.

In my remarks on the collection of Plants made at Sud-
dyah, I pointed out under Menispermeæ, the variation in
site of the placentary suture in Cissampelos from that which
usually obtains. It is scarcely necessary for më to explain
that it is a law to which no real exception is I believe
known, that this suture is invariably next the axis.

This is most evident in those ovaria, which are formed by
the coalition of several carpellary leaves, but although re
evident, is as strictly true in those cases, in which
carpellary leaf, from whatever cause this may origins
stands alone. In such a case, its situation would be thus

see explanatory sketch, Pl, CCOCLXXXVI. Fig. I.

CISSAMPELOS. 909

Indeed were it not soin case of additional carpella,
being formed, it is at once evident, that the placente of
these would have no tendency to meet in the centre,
they would instead of all being directed towards the
axis, be all directed towards the circumference. Upon these
grounds the supposition, that in the plant referred to, the
flowers produced from the axille of each bracte, form part
and parcel of a single flower, is untenable, as will be at once
seen by looking at the explanatory sketch, which represents
the structure of Clypea. Pl. CCCCLXXXVI. Fig. II.

he supposition otherwise, considering that the female
flowers are generally aggregated by fours, corresponding to
the quaternary structure of the males, seemed not improba-
l

But the true explanation has been offered to me by my va-
lued friend Dr. Wight, and this is borne out by the considera-
tion of the stigmata, to which I ought to have paid more at-
tention. The stigmata of this genus appear to be invariably

three, and we may take this asa proof that the ovary is
Solitary by abortion, of the three stigmata, the central
One is external with reference to the axis, it is solitary
by the abortion of the two lateral ovaries.

Granting these to become developed, the situation of the
Placenta will be natural: see sketch, à which points out what
Would be the situation of the placentz of the lateral ovaries.
Corresponding to this is the suppression of 3, or generally 3
of the parts entering into the composition of the Perianth.

1. Cissampelos capitata Gr.

Suffrutex volubilis pubescentia crispata presertim folia
Subtus sublanata.

Caulis viridescens. Fol. peltata oblique cordato-ovata ob-
48 acuminata cum mucrone, ambitu deltoidea, subcoriacea
Integra, basi 9-venia, ceterum reticulata.
tioluis uncialis biuncialisve teres axille gemmifere tan-

310 MENISPERMACE.

tum vel gemmiferz florifereque, gemma semper externa. Um-
bella petiolo brevior, simplex vel composita, radii insequales,
pedunculo breviores, basi bractea lineari suffulta centrale ex-
cepto.

Flores capitata, plures in quolibet capitulo, quorum cen-
trali majora przcocioreque, sessiles, minute inconspicui,
viridescentes, exteriores prius florentes, sepissime nudi, ir-
regulariter evoluti normaliter ternarium.

Sepala normaliter 3, spathulato-obovata pubescentia.

Petala totidem conformia sed majora.

Glandulz 3 discretz rotundato-cuneate carnosz, glabre,
virides sepalis oppositze.

Columna staminum petala subzquans cylindracea, apice
dilatato plano. Anthere 3, transverse circa caput columna
site, petalis opposite? transverse dehiscentes, ad anthesin
una septis obsoletis confluentes, initio 4-locellatze?

Pollen album, rotundato-angulatum leve. .

Has. Upper Assam. Suddyah in sylvis: May 26¢h, 1836.

Oss. Marem tantum vidi. Columnz vasorum fasciculus
unicus. Glandule mediatenus l-venise. De situ staminum du-
bito judicare vix possible est ob septa obsoletissime sed ob
analogiam conjicio petalis opposita esse, ideoque glandulis
alternantum. Sepala petala, et glandule szepe numero varie.
G. sepissime terna.

C. capitata, foliis peltatis cordato-ovatis basi 9-venus, Cà
pitulis lorum umbellatis, glandulis tribus.

2. Cissampelos sp. Pl. CCCCXCVII. Fig. III.

The female flowers consist of invariably of 4 ovaries, seated
somewhat obliquely on the apices of as many pedicells. Their
only envelope consists of a double scale, which is always
situated externall y; the inner being smaller and more round-
ed,

The usual explanation of this is I fancy that the flowers
are quaternarily aggregate, the perianth of each being !*

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CISSAMPELOS. 311

duced to one sepal and one petal which is from its situation
most likely a transformed stamen. "There can be no doubt
that both these answer to parts of the female perianth. The
outer scale being obviously a sepal, the inner a part of the
cup-shaped body, which from the alternation of the stamens
with the sepals cannot be petals, but most probably results
from a modification of the stamina, This is too perhaps the
most natural way; but the occasional occurrence in the
order of several carpella suggests an idea as to the composi-
tion of the flowers of Cissampelos. In this case we shall
have 4 sepals, and 4 scales, and 4 ovaries.

„The greatest arguments against this are the invariable
greater development of the 2 posticous ovaria and the sepa-
ration of the pedicel, which last seems to me nearly con-
clusive, the plurality of stigmata.

Those in its favour are the invariable quaternary aggrega-
tion of the flowers, and the situation of the scales, which
Seem never to be developed next the axis.

All these fine speculations are knocked on the head by the
fact that the ventral suture is not next the axis. The first
View is therefore the correct one.

Ovaria pilosa postica gibba, convexava sutura ventrali an-
tica Sita, l-locularia, biovulata an semper ovula collateralia
subantitropa, foramen superum, stylus cylindraceus, brevis,
stigmata subtria, simplicia.

Sepalum unicum, anticum externumve pilosum, late obo-

m.

Squamula subreniformis, huic opposita, carnosa evascu-

After fecundation the ovarium suddenly enlarges and al-
ters ita Shape, becoming as it were curved on itself, the
Càuse seems to be the elongation of the placenta, the
Style and pedicel are at length brought close together.
ltis hardened somewhat by the time the embryo has
"PPeared, its sac which previously existed soon disappearing.

312 MENISPERMACE XE.

The cotyledons at least in their very young state are opposite,
the great transverse diameter or broader sides of the car-
pellum.

3. Cissampelos convolvulacea var. Pl, CCCCXCVI. Fig. II.

: Caule ligneo gracile volubili pubescente, pubescens cana.
Fol. petiolata reniformi-orbicularia cordatave late emarginata,
pubescente, basi palmatim 5-nervia, quorum intermedia bi-
furcata medium infra. Pagine aliter venulis reticulatim
anastomosantibus occupatur centralis in mucronem excurrit.
Petiolis filiformibus teretibus.

Paniculis terminalibus axillaribusque partialibus subcymo-
sis, filiformibus, gracillimis villoso-canis, floribus herbaceis
minutissimis. Alabastra subglobosa estivatione imbricata.

Sepala 4 breviter unguiculata limbo, subdeltoideo cordato,
integro crenulatove obtuso, dorso villoso venulis reticulata.

Discus cyathiformis parum profundum ore subintegro car-
nosus centrum floris occupat.

Stam. monadelpha, columna brevis cylindracea apice pel-
tata. Anthere 4 interdum plus minus coalitz, circa apicem
columne transverse dispositze, sepalis alternantes transverse
disposite, sepalis alternantes, transverse dehiscentes et per
diametrum longiorem.

Pollen album leve, ovatum, medio sulcatum.

Rud. fem. 0.

: Has. Upper Assam. Suddyah in sylvis: January 8th,

Vix dubito quin apetala sit et urceolusa aboriginem
ducat. ut patet ex analogia et structura carnosa cellulosa ?
urceola.

The structure of the stem is remarkable enough, the
centre is occupied by the pith which is green and from which
several wedge-shaped broad rays radiate, these are gree?
and again coalesce towards the circumference forming the
integument or bark ? The spaces existing between these rays
are wedge-shaped and interiorly, and throughout their great

LOPHOPHYLLUM. 313

er part are occupied by vascular tissue, consisting of large
cells punctuated and placed end to end, and surrounded by
dotted fibres. This stem is truncate on its outer edge, Im-
mediately adjoining this is a mass of lax cellular tissue
brown along its outer margin, which may havea different
structure. There is still a small place left between this
brown outwardly curved line and the mass formed by the
coalescence of the rays, this is occupied by a small mass of
woody fibre. I have recognised this curious structure in
others of this tribe.

LornHoPHvLLuM Nov. Gen.

Lophophyllum bigristata Ge. Pl. CCCCXCI. Itinerary
Notes, p. 165, no. 854.

l. Female flowers viewed in different directions.

2. One of the sepals viewed from within.

3. Do. with the ovary; this has no regular situation com-
pared with the sepals, although it usually alternates
With them, and as the sepals are usually right and
left, one of the edges of the ovary is usually next the

axis.
4, Pedicelli, two lateral cicatrices are those of the sepals,
— . the terminal, of the ovary.
3. Abortive ovary, resembling much one of the sepals.
6. Oblique transverse section.
7. Pistillum

8. Ovulum.

9. Pistillum. :

10. Pistillum after fecundation, one sepal remains.
ll. Ovulum of do., this represents I think the nucleus, the
Outer coat, distinct before fecundation having become
intimately united to the wall of the cell; but on this
Point I require more observations.

12, Pistillum more advance.

314 MEMISPERMACEZA.

13. Do. its longit. section, if the above idea be right the
inner smooth subdiaphanonous portion is testa.
14. Do. more advanced, nucleus? much curved, its cavity
very distinct, no embryonary sac as yet formed.
Has. Bootan.
Oss. Allied to Cissampelos, but distinct by the binary
sepals (each with a cuculate bracte) and single ovarium.

MENISPERMUM.

Menispermum triandrum, Pl. CCCCXCVII. Fig. I.

Pedicelli florum hirti, subclavati. Flores minuti, urceo-
ati.

Bractee 3 oblongz,

Sepala 3-basi carnosa, slongo-ors } margine hispidul.
subcarinata,

Petala 3, 3-4 majora, ovato-rotundata, przecarnosa, Con-
cava zstivatione valvato, dorso et margine hispidula.

Squame 6, biseriate, incluse, exteriores 3 majores, Sæ-
pius emarginatze, interiores petales opposite szepius truncate.

Stam. 3, squamis exterioribus opposit. Filamenta clavata
carnosa, supra medium interiora facie sulcata. Anthera bi-
loculares longitud. dehiscent. confined to the rounded apex of
the filament. Pollen globosum (in aqua saltem) minutum;
3-plicatum vel 3 poros. Rudim. stam. 0.

Suffrutex scandens ut plurimum glaber. folia lanceolato-
ovata repanda, acuminata, reticulata. Petioli teretes sub-
unciales. Racemi vel panicule axillares, ssepius foliis bre-
viores, (panicularum antheris irregularis.)

Female not seen, the male flowers in October

The innermost 3 stamina so usually dendugub, and which
would then be opposite to the smaller scales are supp

The valvate zstivation to be kept in mind, as also shape
of flower and relative size of parta,

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MENISPERUM. 315

]. Flower.
2. Do. one petal removed.

3. Petals removed scales stamina and sepals in situ.
4. Petal inner face. ;

5. Stamen and its scale back view.

6. Smaller scale.

4. Stamen in front.

8. Do. back shews its vascularity.

9. Young stamen front. »

M. ou laterally.

ll. , dorsally.

12. Pollen 44 Achrom.

13, Partium situs et alternantio.

2. Menispermum dioicum.

Scandens, suffrutex dioica.

Caulib. teretib. velutinis. foliis alternis breviter petiolat.
ovatis coriaceis glabris reticulatis.

Floribus fem. racemosis, lutescent. racemis paucifloris,
Supra axillarib. :

Per. 4 sepalum. Cor. 4 petala, petalis reflexis. Stam. 0. sed
cornuum loco corp. petaloidea 4, petalis alternantis. Carpella
2, vel ovarium didymum. Stigmata? papillosa carpella l-
locularia, l-ovulat. ovulo pendulo erecto foramen ad apicem,

Has. Mergue. In sylvis Begtown: August, 1834.

3. Menispermea, Pl. CCCCXCIV. Fig. II.

Frutex scandens, cortice succo lacteo effet. striata. Radiis
medullariis amplis.

Rami novelli ferrugineo-puberuli. :

Folia alterna ex stipulata ovato-oblonga cuspidato-acumi-
nata integra, snpra lucida, subtus pallidiora basi 5-venia,
venis lateralibus, supra indistinctis, secondariis apicem ar-
Cuatum nexis sed inconspicua, pagina ceterum areolata.

Stomata ? .

bj

316 MENISPERMACEJE.

Vasa lactifera folior. longissima tenuissima ! !

Petioli utrinque incrassati-digitatis juniores ferrugineo-
puberuli, demum glabrati, striati.

Fructus in racemos densos, oblongis pedalibus pendulis e
caulis partibus senioribus foliis denudatis, pedicellata, in
racemo articulata. Racemis solitariis vel aggregatis interdum
oppositis.

Pedicelli breviusculi utrinque incrassata.

Fructus abortionem solitariufh, sepe et normaliter, ternim in
dilatato pedicelli apicem articulati breviter stipitati, oblongim
olee fructus magnitudinem, patentissime, obliquisculi, apicem
versus puncto sphacelato (situm styli) notati intus longitudina-
liter, sutura ventrali inconspicue lineati, virides glabres lucidi
drupacei.

Pars carnose postice crassior quam maxime vasculosa, vasis
lactiferis folior. similibus.

Endocarpio mediocri extus rugoso, extrorsum vel antice
convexiusculo linea longitudinali centrali notato, introrsum
vel posticum vel suturze ventrali opposito concavo et centro
apicem versus protuberantia parva medio perforato gerente;
compresso, intus secus cursum rapheos canaliculato.

emen pendulum cavitate drupe exacte replens.

Tegumentum unicum, tenuissimum, membranaceum, sub-
lente modice augente granulosum. Raphe crassa ampla
semi-completa quam maxima vasculosa, per perforatione pro-
tuber. antez supra discripte intrans, sutura ventrali opposit
Chalaza inconspicua.

Albumen copiosum carnosum, drupz cavitat, conforme
(igiturque sectio transverse per medium ducta reniformes.)

mbryo axilis albus. Radicula supera longiuscula, teres
hilum prope, apicem extremam drupz spectans, Cotyledones
maximze foliacee venose lateribus internis per oblique igitut-
que parte tantum mutuo applicite.

Plumula inconspicua.

Proximum no, 4, quz non drupaceus.

*

MENISPERMUM. 317

1. Fruit nat. size. -

2. One drupe viewed on its ventral face.

3. Do. transverse section. ;

4. Do. long section of fleshy portion, exposing the
outer face.

5. Drupe, long section, through the smaller diameter.

6. Drupe separated inner face.

7. Do. outer. 8. Do. lateral. .

9. Long section of drupe through small diameter.

10. Seed separated viewed on its raphal face.

ll. Portion of raphe and testa.

12. Portion of testa =|; granulations aften resembling sto-
mata.

13, Long section of seed through the greater diameter, or
opposite the raphe.

14. Embryo, raphal face of.

15. Do. dorsum.

16. Do. one cotyledon removed, shewing that they are op-
posite in their extention, and that their partial corres-
pondence is owing to the obliquity of their inner mar-

Nat. size.

Nat. size.

gins,
l7. Young embryo.
18. Do. viewed edge-ways. j
— Upper Assam. Suddyah in sylvis: August 26th,

4. Menispermea, Pl. CCCCLXXXVI. Fig. III.

Suffrutex scandens, foliis alternis, oblongo-lanceolatis,
breviter cuspidatis, integris subcoriaceis supra lucidis,
paulo basin supra 3-veniis, v. secondarie distincte paucs,
Pagina ceterum reticulata. Inflorescentia ut patet e fructus
dispositione paniculata,

Ictus compositus vel abortione simplex in pedunculo $
haies utringue incrassato, ovalis vel ovali-ellipticus viridis
i ovi pidgeon magnitudine, subsessilis apice depressus ad

Styli basis, secus faciem interna quoad axin, longitudi-

318 MENISPERMACEJE.

naliter lineatus, succus viscosus vel potius mucilaginosus, odor
forte. Pericarp carnosum demum baccatum? Endocarpio
albo membranaceo. l-loculare, l-spermum. Semen mag-
num, cavitat. pericarpium conforme, eoque secus lacturam
ventralem affixum, cochleiforme, hilo nempe profunde ex-
cavato, albumen copiosum albumen carnosum superne hili
apicem versus papilla obsoleta notatum. Tegumenta tenuis-
simum, facile non delegendum. Embryo inversus in axi al-
buminis. Radicula supera, brevissima. Cotyledones maxim
plane foliacea oblonge basi profunde cordatz, stipatate.
Plumula inconspicua cotyledones curvatum hippocrepidi-
formem albuminis sequuntur.

Cotyledones nec parallele sed mutuo oblique site secus
marginem internos irregulares, tantum cordate, lateri exteri-
ori vel potius auriculate.

Has. Upper Assam. In sylvis Kujooque Thea indigena
invenitur : Jan. 17th, 1836.

Of this I have examined 2 fruits, but I should like to de-
termine which cotyledon is external and indeed more of
their structure. Ihave little hesitation in referring it to
Menispermez from which it chiefly differs in the large size
of the cotyledons, and in the position of the radicle ; but the
foramen in the ovulum may be inferior.

5. Menispermee, Pl. CCCCXCIV. Fig. I.

Frutex tenuis volubilis scandens, breviter pubescens. —

Fol. reniformia, vel cordata obtusissime vel acuta olim
acuminata etiam subemarginata mucronata obsolete peltata,
basi peltata 7-venia, supra sublucida, infra albida, intervenil$
minute reticulatis. "

Petiolis basi subarticulatis, teretes diametr. transvers. folit
majoremque vix gequantes. ^

Cymis paniculatis axillaribus, aggregatis ideoque gummi
upra axillaribus, petiolos subzquantibus ramis divaricatis
ramulis paucifloris, flore terminali prius evoluto, ferrug! ee
pubescentibus,

MENISPERMUM. 319

Flores masculi minuti, viridescenti lutei basi l-bracteolati.

Sepala 3-minutissima, irregularia linearia spathulatave.

Petala (vel series interior perianth) 3-obovata unguiculata,
lutescentia, parce pubescentia.

Squame 6, biseriatze, seriei exteriori sepalis opposita paul-
loque majora, interiori petalis ovata concava marginibus
nempe involutis.

Stamina 5, hypogyna squamis opposita, eodem more bi-
Serata. Filamenta distincta basi connata filiformia valde
crassa, apices versus extrorsum curvata. Anthere terminales
erecte basi affixz, biloculares longitud. lateraliter dehis-
centes brunnescentes extrorse. Pollen lanceolatum hinc sul-
catum, sulco uno pluri. Rud. feminei ne minimum quidem.

Cuticula e cellulis sinuosis, his paginze superioris estoma-
tos:e majoribus.

Anatomia. Caulis, medulla laxa, peripheria versus arctior.
Radiis medullaris magnis viridescent cum cortice continuis,
| Vasa spiralia medullam ambiunt. Systema vasculosa czte-

| Tum e cellulis punctatis mutuo applicitis end to end, circum-
datis fibris punctatis. Vasa centrum versus multo majora,
ideoque fibre multo pauciores, forma systematis hujus partes
plerumque obcuneiforme.

Spata reliqua arcuum radiis medullaris peripherice con-
Vexorum occupatur tela cellulosa laxa distinctissima e cellulis
quadratis,

Systema fibrosa densum e fibris impunctatis applicitur
arcu cuique peripherice, hujus partes componentes minimae
Sunt,

Cortex interspatia arcuum radiorum medullarium non om-
nino implet,
Han, Assam, In sylvis Cheikwar: April 8th, 1836.

320 MENISPERMACE.
PHYTOCRENE.

1, Phytocrene stylocarpa, Gr. Pl. CCCCLXXXIX.

Fructus aggregatus interdum capitis humanifere magnitu-
dine, breve pedunculatus et quasi sessilis in ramo.

Drupez plurime oblong, subparallelogrammice sulcato-
angulate, szepius compresse, 2} unc. long. 1-1} lat. apice
depresso, stylum proficiente basi cincta et spe cuspidata,
perigonio albido membranaceo ad medium 4-partito.

Superficies, pilis deflexis acutissimis rigidis e basi oblonga
pilos alios plures multo minores gerente ortum ducentibus et
terminantibus. Substantia, dimidium superius solidum,
firmum, fibris percursum inferius, exterior pars tenue firma,
intus carnosa fibrosa, putamini adherens.

Putamen quasi pendulum, ovatum vel lanceolatum, sepius
compressum, pulpa gelatinosa vestitum basi excepto qua
abrasum, osseum, crassum, fragile, scrobiculatum, utrinque
ad apicem emarginatum, apicis quasi Aili bi-ocellatum, sepe
hilum versus utrinque lineis 2 parum prominulis cito evanidis
notatum, brunneum, intus albido-ochroleucum et papillis
subhemisphericis rugosum.

Semen solitarium (nondum licuit ovulum alterum dete-
gere) pendulum conforme. Tegumentum tenuissimum mem-
branaceum, raphe 1} completa lineata, sepe e maxima parte
albumine obtecta.

Albumen e lobulis innumeris conflatum, carnoso-oleosum
ceseinum, odoris ingrate, lutescens. Embryonis cotyledones
sigmoideo duplo flexz, foliacez, ochroleuce. Radicula
brevis, magna, supera.

he putamen might easily be taken for the seed, for the
pulp, except at the base, separates apparently, evenly and
smoothly; but the raphe on the membrance covering the te
gument shews the real nature, setting aside observations O0?
the young fruits. i
Of two specimens one had the drupes more elongated à"

PHYTOCRENE, 821

less compressed, the others a good deal compressed and
about ovate.

The albumen of these presented generally the lobes in
partial state of separation, and then much more rounded,
indeed they appeared as though they were stuck on the outer
faces of the cotyledons in a single row, in these too, the in-
tegument was often interrupted in continuity, and occasion-
ally nearly floccose.

The margins of the cotyledons are often not covered with
albumen: the albumen adheres to the surface.

In the ovate seeds, the integument seems to dip here and
there under the albumen, but this is due to the form of the
Seed, and only occurs along the lines of flexure.

The structure of the albumen is like that of the Olacin-
eous Mergue plant; but the tegument in that is highly vas-
cular, and the inflexion really takes place to a great extent.

l. Fruit natural size.

2. Drupe with the perianth at the base.

2a, Ditto without the perianth.

3. Long section, the outer part of the seminiferous part

pulled away from the pulp, not cut.

4. Putamen detached.

5. One of the more elongated ditto.

6. Putamen, pulp rubbed off.

7. Ditto laid open to expose the seed.

- Long section of seed.

9- Transverse.

10. One, often more elongate seeds.

ll. Transverse section of the same.

Penang.

eee stylocarpa? semina, Pl. CCCCLXXXIX.
ig. IT.

Pyrena Putamen received in June 1843 from Dr. Cantor.
m compressum versus hilum or attachment, where it
a2

322 . MENISPERMACE. E.

is distinctly two edged, and on the broad veiws presents 2 or
3 cost, the surface is punctulate the seed loose side.

he putamen is thick and long, and very hard outside,
inside irregular roundish elevations (corresponding to puncta ?)
Seed of the same shape attached to the end of the putamen
on which the mark of attachment is, on one side is an
irregular nearly closed up foveola along one of the broad
faces. The albumen is lobed, the lobes are so pressed
together as to appear mere areola, and almost naked, but
there are traces of a very fine integument which passes
probably between the lobes.

2. Phytocrene macrocarpa Gr. Pls. CCCCLXXXVII, and
Pl. CCCCLXXXVIII.

Frutex scandens robustus, caule presertim in part. novel.
aculeato, aculei conico sine ordine, P. novella, sicut ramuli
ferrugineo-tomentosa, tomento strigis immixto.

Fol. alterna, exstipulata Menispermaceo-Artocarpina.

Petioli teretes, (of old leaves immersed at the base into a
deep foveolain the stem) 11-3 inch. basi incrassati, foliaque
presertim subtus ad venas ferrugineo-pubescentia.

Lamina coriaceo-profunde cordata, apice emarginata integ-
riuscula, subundulata, supra tactu asperula, venis basin palm-
atis, 7 ; 2 intermediis branched on the outer side, these branch-
es as well as the primary ones, inosculate by arches inter-
woven, with reticulate veins prominent below.

Some irregular white spots above, scattered strigose hairs
above, pubescence underneath stellate.

Peduncles in the specimen 3, (appearing to originate from 4
protuberance on which are the scales,) axillary base surrounded
with brown linear subulate scales or bractes, very strigos¢
hairs subpungent subferruginous, otherwise greenish.

Capituli of flowers, oblong or nearly spherical,
from the perianth, otherwise brown from prominent Pistilla.
There do not appear to be any bractes, |

*

PHYTOCRENE. 323

Perianths both tetramerous, the outer of 4 spathulate slight-
ly concave scales, densely covered with white straight hairs
outside. Inner 4-partite, herbaceo-fleshy segments, patento-
reflexed at the apex, hairs like the outer ones on the back ex-
cept at the base inside which is smooth, perhaps valvate in
sestivation.

No rudiments of stamina.

Ovary strigose.

Style scarcely any, or style 3-partite, segments revolute re-
flexed outside hairy and inside stigmatic channelled.

Stigmata 3, 1-ceteris majus, uniloculare. Ovula 2, (1 abor-
tiens) anatropa pendula no distinction of teguments, solid,
no embryo sac, I could make nothing out of the barren
ovule. The ovula in the young fecundated state, I take to
be campylotropous ; although I cannot reconcile this with the
Subsequent appearance of the seed. In the specimen the
ovaria are generally fecundated and hence enlarged, in the
abortive ones, the pistilla is of thelength of the inner peri-
anth, which is partite below the middle, and easily separates
Into its constituent portions.

The stigmata are often two in which case they are nearly
*qual, except the hairs, all the parts of these are black.

ructus (immaturus) in the specimen solitarius, (capitulis
aliis abortivis) pendula maximus, capitis humanis maguitu-
dine (very heavy) e carpellis plurimis, apice angulatis more
Nipe vel Pandani quodammodo conflatus.

Fruc. proprii ambitu cuneato-obovati, in the exposed parts
Steyish-green, in the appressed pinkish, very strigose with de-
flexed Sticking, but scarcely pungent hairs, deeply fur-

Wed sides, apex angular analogous to Nipa. When very im-
tare, cellular fleshy with many fibres, along these on a
long Section mucilaginous matter is thrown out, this is the
Prevalent secretion of the plant. The walls of the single cell
Smooth, with small spot-like eminences here and there ; from
the immature specimens, it may probably be drupaceous,
Indeed the apex is already hardened.

324 MENISPERMACE®.

Seed, one, pendulous, compressed, raphe 4 complete,
linear simple. Tegument single lax spongy cellular, the
young albumen copious.

Radicle broad flattened furrowed, superior, longit. (quoad
fruit) shorter than tegument, which towards apex is entirely
spongy cellular, adhering here to the albumen.

Cotyledons very small, suborbicular, on the same plane
with the raphe, which appears simple 2 complete.

Has. It was brought in from B. Brouang, nom. Malayan
vere Akur Pisang Pisang, the seedg (or fruit) are eaten by
natives.

Oss. It is easily distinguished from the Ayer Punnus
species, by the shape of the leaves, and the immense fruit and
differs from Wallich's P. gigantea which has the outer
perianth united at least in the male.

That may be called Callicarpa, this Macrocarpa. :

Its affinities are obviously near those of Menispermez, it
is perhaps analogous to some Urticee, out of flower no one
would know it from the former family. (N. B. Examine the
Assam climber which I take to be Natsiatum.)

It is abundantly distinct however in the capitulate flowers,
in the binary double perianth, and concrete compound
pistilla, each with 2 ovula as well as in the structure of the
wood, and especially that of the pith. ;

In the edible seed? it assimilates to Artocarpus, and in
the inner perianth to some Utices, particularly if the st
mina be opposite the segments. :

In the branches on which leaves are frequent, and the peti-
oles are not inserted into foveoli, which I take to be annual,
the pith is large, consisting of firm closely packed roundish
cells, containing a few adherent granules, its cells become
smaller outwardly. Transverse section of the pith, consists
of truncated cylinders short, applied end to end. |

It is surrounded by true ligneous tissue, with large túbu-
lar openings here and there, and distinctly striate, its outline
is irregularly angular,

PHYTOCRENE, 925

Between this agd the barkis occupied chiefly by cellular
tissue, angular muriform towards the wood, hence roundish,
but towards the bark it is irregular.

Inthis in the sinuses of the angles of the wood appears
the parallelogrammie plates, and between these and the bark,
but all round, is a formation of young fibrous tissue, the cóm-
mencement of the next true wood.

Parallel plates of mémbranous impunctate tubes! each sur-
rounded by highly punctuated fibres of considerable diameter
occurs ; of the extent of these membranes I know nothing,
and sometimes they are partly punctuate. Their presence is
confirmed by the transverse section of the other species made
by my friend Mr. J. W. Grant, C. S. sometimes the membra-
nous tubes have here and there no interposed fibres.

In the main, or larger branches, there is a distinct ring
round the pith, the truncated cylinders of which are now
beautifully punctuated. This ring is not visible on a thin
transvere section, it is continuous with the wood, than which
it is less tubular, but has no line of demacration.

Then comes the former wood with 8 radiating lobes, owing
to the parallelogrammic plates, which appear now nearly to
Teach the pith, but the new formed part, is, I think, or will
be wood, from its presenting largish perforations. The new
formed outer part of each plate has a whitish cellular appear-
ance very different from that of the old.

The white cellular tissue,—the ground work of the struc-
ture, presents between the first wood and the bark (out-
Wardly less complete, 3 new ligneous formations. The
first is well enough developed, generally no new distinct pa-
rallel plates are to be seen, only in one case in which it was
Opposite to the main one.

On the circumference of each woody tubular system,
Occurs mucilaginous tissue which appears to consist of de-
veloping fibres generally in that round the 2nd wood, divided
Into. wedge-shaped lines, the wedges having their narrow

326 MENISPERMACE,

end, outwards; many of these under l-inch C. M. look like
parallelog. tissue, but I think they will be fibro-vascular.

It is singular that the outer limit should be marked with
an opaque punctum, which looks detached, the fibrous tissue
not having reached it. The outline of the 2 wood is irregu-
larly lobed. Compare these observations minutely with such
as have reference to previous species,

Pl. CCCCLXXXVII.

1. Plant reduced nearly 3.
2. Female inflorescencé.
3. Female flower, these small ones were all abortive, but
probably represent the flower as per anthesin.
` 4. Same, perianth outer removed, hairs should be carried
to the top.
5, 5. Pistillum of the same.
6. Long section do.
7. Flower after fecundation magnified about 7 times.
8. The same outer perianth spread out.
9. Same inner do. laid open.
10. Long section of pistillum disclosing one growing and
one abortive ovule.
11. The two ovula detached.
12. Growing ovula do.
13. Long section of same or as seen under graduated pres
sure,

Pl. CCCCLXXX VIII.

l. Fruit immature (4 nat. size.)

2. One of the carpella detached nat. size.

3. Long section, young seed removed, at a endocarp
hardened, at 4 barren ovula.

4. Long section, seed in situ, a hardened part of endo-
carp, 6 barren ovula, c funicle, d micropyle, om th?
front face is represented the raphe.

PHYTOCRENE. 327

5. Long section of young seed, a spongy flesh solid apex
of teguments white towards the albumen,

6. Young album, c embryo.

6b. Embryo.

- 3. Phytocrene calicarpa Gr. feminea planta, Pl. CCCCXC.

Fructus e carpidiis multis in capitato globoso sessili dis-
positi obovati, infra medium nudiusculi pressione angulati,
Supra setis subulisve his retrofactis hirta densessimis tecta.

Ima basin sepalis 4, e basi lata triangular setaceo-acuminat.

Perigoneoque membranaceo, sepalor. in modo pubescent. ad
medium 4-partit. lacinis latis subcordatis.

Apex imus nudiusculum centro stylo brevis robusto exserto.

Ovar. (less developed, of the same shape, the apex nudiuscu-
lous however is longer, 3-4 gonal ending in a short thick black
hirt style and A4linear ovate recurved stigmata, these are op-
posed to the divisions, of the perigon.) l-loculare, ovulis 2, 1
abortive anatropus ex apice:: loculi pendulis, an nuclearibus an

€guments uno przedit, lacinis mucilaginif. in apicem Pistilli.

Fructus l-locularis, Endocarpio areolato-rugosa sublente
cellulosa, Mesæcarpio subosseo fibros (immatur.) vix separa-

lis, superfice rugosa, apex solidus lacunis mucilag, sursum
ampliorib. exceptis,

Semen pendulum cavitat. implens, superfice irregulare hinc
raphe conspicuscula fere } complete.

Tegument. cellulosam farinaceam integram vix separabit,
basin fibrosam.

Albumen carnosum copiosum, forma seminis transversely
Sigmoideo-carvatam, extus superfic. rugulos. papillos. intus
leve nitensque.

Embryo cotyled. maximis foliaceis accumbent. sigmoideo-

is transverse. Radicula brevissime supera hilum prope.
umula inconspicua,

I have only seen the abortive ovula which are withered and
Compressed, I think there are appearances of one tegument

328 ' MENISPERMACEA.

and a nucleus. In the fecundated ones figured, the main bulk
is loosely cellular, with a tendency to breaking up in the cen-
tre. The upper half is occupied by a cellular body, which is at-
tached inferiorly, this near the situation of the foramen, con-
tains the embryo, the lower half is entirely cellular the upper
scarcely so, I can see no defined edge to it, or other appear-
ances to lead me to think it is a nucleus containing an
embryo sac.

In the disposition of the cotyledons this approaches an
Assam Menispermea.

It may not perhaps be of the same genus as the Phyto-
crene figured in Walls male flower; for, in that there is a
one-leaved involucre, and there appears some difference in
the construction of the wood.

The longitudinal undulations of the whole seed, or its trans-
verse sigmoid flexure is nota little remarkable, in asmuch
as it exists totally independent of any inflexion of the
putamen or testa.

The 4 stigmata are against its being Urticez and so is
the general structure which approaches more to Menisper-
imez.

1. Fruit-bearing stem. nat. size.

1, Fecundated pistillum, surrounded at the base by the

perianth, and in this case 4 alternating bractes.

2. Long section of the same, the ovulum at first sight
appears antitropous.

3. Same fecundated ovulum removed, on the posticous
face of its cicatrix is a black minute body, the abortive
ovulum,

4. The abortive ovulum, appearances of, raphe as well 25
of foramen,

5. Fecundated ovulum, a raphe, & micropyle or at ay
rate situation of radicle.

6. Same, long section, a embryo-sac, containing the young

'yo in its apex,

PHYTOCRENA, 329

7. Embryo sac detached, its lower } is cellular, this is the
young albumen.

8, Embryo.

9, Immature fruit, perianth, and in this case several
bractes.

10, Long section, complicated appearances, a lacune con-
taining mucilage, à pyrena, the reniform spots are due
to thesection running variously through its irregular
surface, c tegmen of seed, d albumen, e cotyledon in
centre, f f do. at the margins, g radicle.

10a, Armature of fruit.

ll, 11. Seed detached the raphe and indentation of sur-
face shewn,

12. Transverse section of albumen, and cotyledons both
sigmoidly flexed. i

4. Do. of albumen cotyledons removed.

15. Embryo separated, rather oblique view.

16. Same,

4. Phytocrena gigantea, Pl. CCCCXC. Fig. II.

l. Perianth.

2. Involucra or calyx laid open.

3. Corrolla removed with the stamens.

4. Do. laid open.

5, 6, 7. Stamina.

8. Pollen.

9. Rudimentary ovarium.
10. Long section of do.

ll. One of the hairs.
12. Transverse view of the branch cut transversely.
13. Do. section of wood.

14, Do. of the medullary rays.

15, Vessel surrounded by prosenchyma.

16. Joint detached.

V. Prosenchyma,

R2

330 MENISPERMACEA.
NATSIATUM.

l. Natsiatum, Pl. CCCCXCVI. Fig. I.

Frutex dioicus volubilis, scandens, racemis pendulis pubes-
centibus, pedicellis arcuatis sursum ? bracteatis, bracteis li-
nearibus pedicellis paullo brevioribus, floribus parvis incons-
picuis lutescente viridibus, pubescentibus ut etiam p

Sepala 5 lanceolata acuta basibus connata.

Cor. urceolata 5-partita laciniis lanceolatis acutis conniven-
tibus sepalis alternes. |

Torus dilatatas. Glandule 5 carnosz crescenti-formes,
apicibus incrassatis capitatis petalis opposita, an e 10 per-
paria connat, staminibus externe sitze.

Stam. 5 sepalis opposita, inclusa, filam. brevissima crassius-
cula. Antherse adnate sagittatze oblong biloculares, longi-
tudinaliter lateraliterque dehiscentes. Connectivum medium
versus dorso glandulosum. Pollen

Rud. femino centrale, e pilorum massa erectorum pilis
ilis perianth. similibus. ZEstivatio valvata.

Has. Assam Legi Solani Mookh : Jan. 1836.

2. Natsiatum gamosepalum. Itinerary Notes p. 114,

no. 190,
Has. Bootan.

STAUNTONIA.

l. Stauntonia trifoliata Gr. Pl. CCCCXCV. Figs. I!
and III,

Frutex volubilis longe scandens, glaber. Rami novelli levi-
ter striati.

Petioli longe, utrinque incrassati et articulati, teretiusculi
supra planiusculi szepe spithamei.

Petioluli, inzquales laterales breviores centrali unciali,
subcanaliculati. Folia 3-foliolata. Foliola insqualia ter
minali majore, ovata vel ovalia, obtusa cum mucronem ue

STAUNTONIA. 331

retusa, integerrima, chartacea, supra suturati-viridia, infra
glauca, basi 3 venia, marginibus subrevolutis,

V. secondarize paucee irregulariter nexze, accessorize plures,

pagina cæterum venulis reticulata. Stomata paginze inferioris.

Flores monoici racemosi, racemis vel simplicibus aggre-
gatis, vel basin divisis ideoque paniculatis petiolis brevioribus
basi bracteis scariosis brunueis, suffulti.

Pedicelli mediocres apicem in annulum dilatati, (interdum
medio, interdum subflorem bracteolata,) basi bractea lan.
ceolata brevi suffult. in racemo articulato.

Flores nutantes utrinque sexus similes lutescentes nu-
tantes, feminei racemi basin versus siti, pauciores, omnes in
pedicelli apicem articulati ; alabastra glaucescentia ovata.

Sepala tria ovato-oblonga carnosa submarcescentia, intus
processubus irregularibus carnosis cellulosis obsita, sestiva-
tione valvata patentia.

Processus petalorum 5-seriatim, intermediis minoribus, uti
cristæ describendi, sepalorum maris obsoleti, fæminæ obso-
leti, petalorum fæminæ sine ordine disposito.

Pet. patentia angustiora estivat. distantia subcarinataque
processubus supra descriptis, totam paginam internam occu-
pantibus an pauciores in florib. masculis.

Glandule 6, lanceolate carnose alb: acute, vasc: fasc.
tenuissimo media versus evanido, filamentis basibus ad-
jecta, biseriata, seriei ex sep. inter: petal. opposit.

Stam. 6 biseriata, seriebus ut e glandale alternant. Fi-
lam. leviter connata, intus convexa, extus plana, breviuscula,

a.

Antherz biloculares extrorse, loculis discretis linearibus
longit, dehiscent. connectivum maximum carnosum ovatum
apiculatum rugosulum, ultra loculos longe product.

Pollen ovatum, 3-sulcat. glabum. Pistilla abortiva tria
Cava, vacua,

Fam, tegument. maris, glandule totidem minores.

Stam, abortientia, forme perfectur. sed multo minora.

e

LÀ
332 MENISPERMACES.

Pistilla tria sepalis opposita glauca glabra angusta et irre-
gulariter ovata, 1-locularia sutura ventralis interna, Placente
totam faciem internam pistilli cajusque occupantes undique
ovuliferi. Ovula minutissima globosa, simplice, tegumentis nul-
lis. Interior locule ceterum nuncupata, filis cellulosis septatis

hyalinis, e parte locula parietes interne suture ventrali exacte
oppositi orientes.
tyli nulli stigmata ovato-conica viscosissima aspectu
lucido

Fructus sessiles tres bini vel solitarii oblongi obtusissim-
(like a short sausage) digitales, sutura ventral. lata sed parum
profunda, extus argenteo-cinerei creberrime ferrugineo lepi-
doti, parietibus coriaceis 1-loculares, loculo pulpa alba omnino
repleto centro quasi fistuloso.

Semina 00 in pulpum nidulantum et peripheriam versus sita,
hilo minuto centrifugo, ambitu cordat. sinu extrorso, majus- .
cula, immatura tantum visa.

Testa levis lucida, extus aspectu striato, intus viridis carno-

‘Tegument interius liberum nullum. Albumen copiosum
hinc ad hilum latus excavatione minuta.

Structura ovarii, singularis, et forsan Butomeis Flacourti-
eisque. |

Character specificus ad Stauntoniz e Tingrei referens.

Foliis 3-foliatis, petalis intus 5-cristatis, filamentis connatis.

Tingrei.

Fol. 7-tenatis, petalis intus levibus filament distinctis.

Male flower. Fig. II.

1. Male flower bud.

2. Do. sepals removed.

3. Male flower open.

4. Do. sepals removed.

5. Gland viewed asa transparent object, aa incomplet?

vascular fascicle is seen,
6. Stamens and glands,

STAUNTONIA. 333

7. Do. (one too many!) laid open, to shew the slight
cohesion of the filaments, and the 3 abortive ovaria, pis-
tilla.

8. Pollen viewed dry.

9. Do. immersed.

10. Abortive pistill. inner or ventral face.
ll. Do. laid open along the ventral inflexion.

Female flower. Fig. III.

l. Female flower.
2. Do. sepals removed. 2. Petal shewing the cellular pro-
cesses,
` 3. Pistilla glands and abortive stamina.
4. Transverse section of ovarium.
5. Long section of a pistillum.
6. Transverse of do. shewing that the placenta occupies the
„whole face of the cell, that part immediately corres-
ponding to the ventral sutare producing abundance of
cellular filiform articulated processes.
| 4. Two Sr from the open flower.

The same.

Frutex scandens, foliis 3-foliatis, lanceolatis acuminatis
terminali longius petiolutato, articulatis! Petiolo communi
basi tumido. Racemis aggregatis, ramulos brevissimos,
*quamis scariosis tectis, terminantibus. Pedicellis filiformi-
bus basi bracteatis, rubescentibus floribus lutescent.

Jepala 3, lanceolata acuminato-conniventia (stivatione
valvata) venosa,

Pet. 3 his alternantia duplo angustiora pauloque breviora,
Sepalisque intus rugosula glandule hypogyne 6, oblongæ car-
Dos integre, 3 vix exteriora sepalis, 9 interiora petalis op-
posita,

Stam, 6 filamentis basi in columna leviter coalitis bre-
Vissimis, Anth. adnate, biloculares extrorse, l interdum

334 MENISPERMACE2,

abortiens. Connectivum ultra antheram in processum lin-
guiforme, subulatum product, loculis linearibus.

Pollen lanceolata, leve medio sulcatum. .

Rudim. ovarii centrali, terete subulatum 3-sulcatum, pro-
cessubus subulatis 3 format,

Fructus compositus e carpellis 3, an pluribus sepe aborta
solitariis ovatibus ovi magnitudine, baccatis, hinc utrinque
sulcatis, sed parum profunde, I-locularis cavitata. magna
pulpa copiosa in qua semina nidulant. centraliter densiore
gustu dulci et suaviuslula repleto. Semina horizontaliter sita,
compressa angulata, atra hilo lineari excentrica quoad axin
carpelli, parietibus nempe contiguo brunneo notat.

Testa membranaceo-coriacea nitida atra, albumen carnoso-
corneum amplum. Embryo minutus in cavitata albuminus
situs et hilum prope loculos, orthotropus. ^ Radicula crassa
obtusa hilum versus spectans, Cotyledones plana convexius-
culz ovatz incumbentes quoad situm transversate seminum
et diametrum transversam majorem. Plumula non exami-
num.

Han. Khasyah Mountains. In sylvis Churra: Oct. 16th,
1835, and Nungklow : Nov, 15/4, 1835.

2. Stauntonia filamentosa Gr. Pl. CCCCXCV. Fig. I.

Frutex scandens, cortice cinerea suberosa. Rami virides
leves.
Folia alternantia. longe petiolata (petiolis teretibus ob-
soleti striatis utrinque incrassatis spithameis,) septe-
natim digitata, obovato-oblonga acuminata fere dii
integra glabra subcoriacea, supra saturati viridia, subtus $*
bido-glauca. Venæ secondaria medium ji supra arcu? P"
nexz arcubus venulas etiam arcuatim nexas emittentibus
interstitiis omnibus reticulatis, margines subincurvi, ip Bs
axin proxima ut etiam petiolule minora, illa flores E
tia aliquoties minora, inferiora 6-nata, intermedia 97
summa 4-na,

STAUNTONIA, 930

Racemi axillares paniculati in axi communi brevissimi
bDracteatze inserta, basi bracteate, bractea ovata, viridi con-
caviuscula, rubri carneive. Bracteole florem quemque ful-
cientes albidz anguste pedicellos brevis zquantes apicibus
reflexis, alabastra, que tantum vidi, ovato-oblonga, ascen-
dentia, fusco-viridia.

Sepala estivatione valvata ovato-oblonga obtusiuscula car-
nosa, apicibus crassis subinflexis*saltem faciei interiori.
Petala his alternantia lanceolato-linearia, sepalis 21 angusti-
ora, paullo breviora, luteo-viridia, apicibus crassis. Gland 6
hypogynz, late obovate, staminibus opposite, cum his se-
parant, basibus filament. nempe adnatis, viridibus apice lutes-
cent.

Stamina 6 hypogyna, 3 exteriora sepalis opposita, 3
interiora petalis opposita.

Filamenta ima basin leviter coalita, brevia sub 3-gona, an-
gulo 3-tio interiore crassa. Connectivum crassum carnosum
apice subulato ultra antheras breviter producto. Anth. ad-
nate extrorss vel antice biloculares longitudinaliter dehis-
centes, loculi angusti lineares.

Pollen album, leve ovato-lanceolat. hinc sulcat. Rudi-
menta femineorum 3 centralia teretia, apicibus obtuse conica,
ibidemque lucida secus faciem internam sulcatze, vero convo-
luta sunt,

Has. Assam. In sylvam cum Thed consociata occurrit
Tingrei: Feb, 23rd, 1836.

e rudiments are convolute, they have one vascular fas-
cicle (spiral vessels and ducts,) which towards their apices are
much increased in number.

The third sepal is posticous or next the axis.

The glands are probably representatives of petals, the in-
ner series of which are therefore transformed, the alternation
of parts is throughout natural.

336
NYCTAGIACE.
BoERHAVIA.

Boerhavia repanda. Rem. et Schultes.

Decumbens, caulis teres, striatus, strigosus.

Folia petiolata, cordato-ovata, sinuato-repanda, pilosa præ-
sertim ad venas, margine giscolor. i
. Flores umbellati, plerumque 5-6, pedunculo communi

axillari, folium longe superans.

Invol. polyphyllum, foliolis linearibus, ciliatis.

Perianthium rosaceum progenere magnum.

Anth. didymze 3, vel 4. Filam. capillaria, cum stylo exserto.
Stigma capitatum.

Has. Madras, In Fruticetis prope vellore: Aug. 2lst,
1833,

POLYGONACE.
POLYGONUM.
Polygoni 8p.

Herbacea erecta ramosa, pubescens, caules teretes glabri
(juniores pubescentes) ochreis fere omnino occultatis.

Fol. lanceol. utrinque sed przsertim ad apicem acuminata,
integra repanda pilosa, ochree pubescentes ciliate truncate
petiolum longe excedentes. 2 i

Flores paniculato-racemosi plures ex axilles bractearum
ciliatarum. Pedicelli graciles bracteis longiores. Flores albi
subcernii, polygami.

Per. 5-fid. laciniis zequalib.

Stam. 6, 4-sepalis opposita, alterna, 2 iis opposita. Filam.
filiform. Anth. bilocul. longitud. dehiscentes. j

Stylus 2 fid. stigmata 2 capitat. Pericarp. perianthio ob-
tect. ovatum, nitide nigrum, stylo durefacto terminatum

CHENOPODIUM: 337

Epicarp. et mesocarp. fere osseum. Endocarp. cellulosum,
argenteo nitidum, albumen centrale farinaceum. Embryo
peripher. Rud. supera.

Has. In aquosis, Moulmein: Dec. 1833.

CHENOPODIACE.
CHENOPODIUM.

Chenopodium ilecifolium Gr. Pl. DX XIV. Itinerary Notes,
v. 216, no. 86a. i

Alabastrum.
Flos ad anthesin.
Stamen interne.
Stamen externe,
Do. lateraliter.
Pollen.
P. immersum.
Ovarium cui forte cellule superficiei quedam adherent.
10, Eujusdem sectio longitud.
ll. Ovulum.
12, Fructus. m
13. Idem calyce aperto.
14. Utriculus.
15. Idem verticaliter pericarpio separato.
16. Utriculi sectio longitud.
17. Seminis sectio longitud. exhibens, tegmina bina, albu-
men centrale et embryonem periphericum.
bryo.

SON oo, M

Han, Affghanistan Shaikarpore.

338 CHENOPODIACER.
Bera.
Bete sp. Pl. DXXV. Itinerary Notes, p. 216, no. 85.

Affinitas certe cum Urticeis, forit agrees in habit, in se-
paration of the sexes, in the male perianth, in the anthers
and their relation to the leaves of the perianth, in the aggre-
gation and subcohesion of the female flowers: in the struc-
ture of their perianth and its relation to the ovary, in the
structure of this, as well as in the structure of and non-cor-
respondence in the number of stigmata, and in the ovulum.

The want of vascularity of the ovarium, and consequently
of the stigmata is very remarkable. The want of bractez to
the flowers of female sex, is also worthy of notice. Although
the stamina have no vessels, and although the female flowers
may be axillary, still the male flowes are most developed ;
a fact worthy of much notice.

The male inforescence is inverse; the female is simply
axill

over.
If Beta had stipules why should it not be Urticeous?
1. Alabastrum. la. ejus estivation.
2. Flos. :
3. Filam apertus, antherz primo corrugate, demum deci-
ue. è
4, Anthera dorso.
5. Pollen.
6. Pollen immersum žy.
7. Acervulus florum femin.
8. Flos segregatus.
9. Flos apertus longitudinal.
10. Ovarium.
11. Ejusdem sectio longitud.
12. Ovulum ,
13. Viusdéte sectio longitudinal. -
14, Cellula pedicellata superficiei.

The c curious cells of the superficies must not be passed |

339
SALSOLA.

Salsola Pl. DXXIII. Fig. II.
Has. Affganisthan.

AMARANTACE.

GoMPHORENA.
Gomphorena globosa.

Flores capitata unusquisque bibracteatus, bractee mem-
branaces, colorate, lanceolate, carina dorsali dentata.

Cal. 5-sep: sepalis linearibus. coloratis nervo medio viridi
extus pilis gossypinis non articulatis stipatis.

Filam. hypogyna in tubum membranaceum apicem 5-
dentatum (dentis quaque bifid.) sepalorum longitudinis, ideo-
que germini longiorem concreta.

Anth. dorso insertz, lineares. 1-loculares, longitudinali-

ter dehiscentes, Pollen areolis cellulosis notatum.

varium globosum membranaceum 1-loculare, l-ovulatum.
ovulo pendulo stylus 1-filiformis, stigmata 2 papillosa. Peri-
, Carpium (utriculus) membranaceum. Cal. obtectum.

mbryo curvatus, periphericus, albumine farinacea cen-
trali, radicula hilum spectante, plumula inconspicua. Pili
calycinis exceptis, articulata, articulis paullum tumidis.

DEMOSCHATA.

Desmocheta lappacea.

Achyranthes lappacea. Roxb. Fl. Ins. 2, 500.

Herba decumbens, pubescens, fol. oppositis. rhomboideo-
obovatis breve petiolatis, spicis terminalibus, floribus pubes-
Sentib. canis viridibus post anthesin deflexis.

dores binati seu ternati, hoc casu medius nudus lateralis
3-bracteata, axillis. Bractearum lateralium setarum uncinata-
facicalum gerentibus.

*

-bus et presertim in his ultra limbum in spinas su

340 AMARANTACEZ.

Per. fere 5-sepalum, sepalis subzqualibus demum conni-
ventibus.

Stam. 5-sepalis opposita filamentis basi in cyathum ovario
breveorem coalitis, dentibus brevibus obtusis interjectis. Anth.
2-loculi. Stylus filiformis 1, stigma papilloso-capitatum.

Utriculus membranaceis monospermus. Stigmata persis-
tente coronata periantheo conniventi inclusus fasciculis 2
magnis setarum colorat., uncinatarum in axillis bractearum
lateralium persistent. stipatus. Semen ellipsoideum hinc
ad hilum emarginatum. Cotyledones incumbent. ?

Has. Bengal Jumalpore: Sept. 20th, 1835.

Genus Digerz propinqueum, ovarium apicem versus pilo-
sum vel glabrum.

The fascicles of setze are abortive flowers, when they are
3 flowers together the lateral bractea of the intermediate one;
become the anticous ones of the 2 lateral flowers; when only
2 flowers are developed, the senior flower has only one lateral
bracte.

ACHYRANTHES,
1. Achyranthes aspera.

Annua 3-4 pedalis pubescens articulis tumidis, fol. opposi-
tis breviter petiolatis c obovatis subrepandis in petiolis attenua-
tis, tactu mollibus spicis terminalibus multifloris villosis, flori-
bus inconspicuis, herbaceis bracteis nitidis rosaceis fructibus
nutantibus axique adpressis.

Pet. basi 3-bractiat. Bracteis membirauieabi ovatis inzequali-
bus, | majore antico nervo medio dorsali nec prominulo, 2
posticis minoribus, nervis dorsal. mediis prominulis, in omni-

ulatis
rosaceas productis.

Sepala 5, quorum 2 posticumque exteriora paulo majors
viridia, marginibus membranaceis acutis.

Stam. 5 hypogyna basin versus in capula coalitis. Filam-

ET Ee AEN ETEN

Fs ee ee et ee ee Sane SN

" PHILOXERUS. 341

subulata, apices versus rubescentia, squamis oblongis cellulosis
apicibus fimbriatis interjectis. Anth. oblonge medio affixze
bilocul. long. lateraliterque dehiscent. Stylus filiformis stam.
brevior. Stigma subcapitat. Ovarium turbinatum l-loculare;
ovula 1, pendulo ab apice funiculi longi.

AB. In muris. Moulmein : Nov. 1834.

2. Achyranthes aquatica. Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2, 497,

Suffruticosa erecta 3-pedalis, caule ramisque obtuse 4-gonis
pubescentibus, fol. breve petiolata lanceolato-acuminata cum-
mucrone repanda utrinque pubescentia. Spice subcylindrice
breves 1-2 uncialis, terminalis, villosze lanatz. Bracter 2
postica spinescentis, antica inermis longe acuminata, sepalis
lineari-lanceolatis spinoso-acutis. Filam. sterilia vel dentis
cupuli cum staminibus alternantis, lamina exterior 3-dentata
interiora trun cata, utrinque ciliata. Stigma capitat.

Has. Bengal Mymunsing. In umbrosis humidis secus
ripas flav. Dhumar : Oct. 1835.

Centrostachi aquatice quam proxima habitu ut vera
Achyranthidis spicies, axin caulis prope vasorem fascicula 2
subdistantis adsunt, fasciculi cujusque internodii decussunt.

3 Ob. bracteas spinescentes forsan vera A. aquatica Roxburgh
ideoque C. aquatica Wall, diversa.

PHILOXERUS.

Philoxerus ferrugineus.

Achyranthes ferruginea. Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2, 502.

Annuas decumbens prostratusve, caulibus ramosis 4-gonis,
fol. Oppositis obovatis vel rotundato-obovatis acutiusculis
Spicis axillaribus terminalibusque abbreviatis subconicis flori-

(dull red.)

Flores 3-bracteati, bracteis membranaceis antico inferiorive,
Post lapsum fructus tantum persistente. Cal. Per. subzequali
Profunde 9-partitum, laciniis lanceolatis coloratis subcoriaceis

342 AMARANTACE,
E

3-nervis, nervis prominulis. Filam basi in cupulum inter- -

media edentulam ovario multo breviorem coalita, sepalis oppo-
sita. Anth. biloculares. Stylus breves. Stigma capitatum
edentulum papillosum utriculus periantheo immulato colora-
to persistente connivent. obtectum, idem cum bracteis laterali-
bus membranaceis apice cellulosus nec circumsciss. e valvis.
Semen orbiculare compressum (lenticulare) aterrimum niti-
um.
Has. Bengal. In arenosis inundatis Jumalpore : Sept. 20th,
1835.

ALTERNANTHERA.

Alternanthera sessilis.

Perianth basi 3-bracteatum, 5-sepalum, sepalis sequalibus
ovato-lanceolatis, acutis, denticulatis vel subintegris, l-ner-
vus, 3 exterioribus, 2 interioribus lateralibusque quinto pos-
tico.

Urceolus staminifer. ovario brevior subdecem dentatum,
dentibus alternis et sepalis exterioribus oppositis semper
antheriferis alternis varie dentatis (antico sepius simplici)
brevioribus.

Filamenta antheriformia subulata.

Anthere uniloculares ovate longitudinaliter dehiscentes,
dorso medio affixg. Pollen leve. Urceola dentes fasciculis
vasorum omnino orbatze.

arium compresso-orbiculatum verticaliter compressum
ideoque lentiforme, ratione axis spice transverse, l -loculare.
Ovulum unicum campanulitropum funicule basilaris longi-
usculi ope sustentum. Foramen hilo approximatum.

Stylus brevis subeylindricus. Stigma papilloso-capitatam-

Capsula (utriculus) obreniformis, -membranaceo-cellulosus,
subulatus marginibus incrassatis, basi bracteis sepalisque
immulatis stipata evalvis (Br.) 1-locularis.

Semen subcompresso, orbiculatum funiculo filiformi long?

um, brunnescens

DIGERA. 343

Tegumenta bina? utrinque membranaceum, interius? te-
nuissime micropyle hilo approximatum obsphacelatione cons-
picua, albumen laterali farinaceum. Embryo arcuatus peri-
phericus. Radicula teres obtusiuscula hilum spectans. Coty-
ledones lineari-lanceolate acute. Plumula inconspicua.

Herba inconspicua decumbens in aquaticis proveniens.
Folia opposita obovata in petiolum attenuata. Petiolis basin
connatis, ciliæ inter et intra-petiolares. Flores inconspicui
minuti in spicam conoideam capituliformem dense aggregati.
Spice axillares sessiles seepius solitarie, earum axes cellulo-
pilose, antherz rarissime 4.

Has. Bengal. Legi secus ripas flum. Jellinghey : Sept.
5th, 1835.

DIGERA.

Digera arvensis, Pl. DXXVII. Fig. II.

Perianth 3-bracteat. bracteze 2 laterales cum fructu deci-
ue, in axillis appendiculata, 1 antica, sepalum anticum
suffultiens persistens in appendiculatum, appendicule stipi-
tate, stipiti nervo medio bracteæ adnate, lunatato-bilobe,
emum post anthesin ramose cornubus similes fiunt. Pe-
Tianth biseriatum, seriei externa e sepalis 2, calycinis majo-
ribus, concavis, anticum et posticum, interna e sepalis pe-
taloideis subconniventibus planis, obtusis, 2 majorib. 1 majora.

Stam. 5.sepalis opposita. Filam. ima basi in cupulam
brevem coalita filiformia. Anth. didyme, connectivum par-
Yum, apice glanduliform. Pollen globosum, leve.

varium 1-locul. l-ovulat. ovulo pendulo foramen versus
hilum. Stylus filiformis, stigma bifidum.

Utriculus verrucosus, ad apicem cornua 2 brevia gerens,
Parietibus crassis. Testa membranacea, albumen farinaceum.
Embryo curvatus periphericus. Plumula inconspicua. Coty-
ledones oblongo lanceolate.

Herba decumbens, ramosa, Caulis flexusa, subteretes,

944 ARISTOLOCHIACE,

striato-strigosa, Folia alterna, ovato-lanceolata, obtusa,
petiolata subtus ad venas pilosa, repanda, margine discolori.
Petiolis 1-uncialis superne canaliculatis ciliatis, axille omnium
gemmiferz. Inflorescentia spicata, axillaris. Flores so-
litarii alterni subdistantes, virido-purpurei, spice 3 pollicares
basin versus nude, sepala calycina 6-7 venia, petatoidea l-
venia, zstivatio imbricato, sepala calycina reliqua obtegéntus

Has. In arvis cultis Vellore, rare.

Perianth. post anthesin connivens. Sepalis calycinis reli-
qua obtegent.

Anthere medio dorsi affixze, biloculares longitud. et intror-
sum dehiscentes. Pollen album.

Ovar. apicem depressum quasi truncat. ovulum pendulum
ab apice funiculi basilaris, utricali cornuum sinus styli basin
gerit. Bengal Jellinghey : Sept. 6th, 1835.

ARISTOLOCHIACE,
ASIPHONIA,
Asiphonia piperiformis, Gr. Pl. DXXVIII. Fig. I.

Frutex subscandens. Caule ramisque articulatis ad arti-
culos incrassatis. Fol. alterna vel distincti subpatentia vel
subpendula, breve petiolata, e basi ovato vel subcordato ovato-
acuminatissime caudata integra subtus pubescentia, basi 5-
us venis 2 lateralibus evanidis cum lateral. exterior inter-

te primar. cito confluentibus, hz intermedium apicem
versus cum 2 secondariis costz arcuat. interveniis caeterum
transverse venulosis interstitiis reticulatis. %

Inflorescente cymoso corymbosa terminalis et axillam folii
penultim.

Fl. sursum subsecundi erecti, inconspicui inertio virides-
centes demum purpurascent. bracteis linearibus setaceo 2 la-
teralibus centro 0!

Ovar, breviter pedicellat, rotundat, 4 gonum dense pubes-
cens,

ASIPHONIA. 345

Per. carnosum rotatum, sepalis 3, cordatis extus pubes-
cent intus reticulatis, in alabast. depresso ambitu obsolete
9-gono,

Stam. l-seriata, 8.10. Filam. 0. Antherz connectivo
carnose glandulose pubesc., extus curvata marginibus
curvatis adnatis, biloc. locul. distant. longit. dehiscent. Pol-
len granulosum, grannula in aqua deciduis.

Stigma centrum genital. disci implens lobato-sinuosum.

Stylus 0. Ov. 4-loculare, loculis minutis angulis respondent.
Placentz cruciatum centro coherent. Ovula in cuique loculo
00, biseriata serie una e quaque marginam inflexaam, ana-
tropa minuta.

Fructus siliquiformis, immatur tantum visi.

Caulis 4-sulcato canalicul. e medulla centrale rotundato
magnum corticeque tenui. Lign. exconcentric. radiis me-
dullariis conspicuis, densiusculi vasis majusculis sine ordine
Sparsis, composit. e fibris tenuibus vasisque cellularly punc-
tuatis, s

Ligin. Menisper. Piperac.

Odor. Piperaceus, caulisque foliaque.

Perianth Anonacearum.

Fibres not unfrequently punctuate, bases with coniferous
markings, often obscured by the enlargement of the cen-
tral disc as in most woods.

Has. Malacca ad marginum vie sylvatice inter Ayer Pun-
nus, et ——4 way.

Sp. Cuar, Per. rotatum, 3-sepalum, (tubo nullo) stam.
uniseriatze,

Ovar. 4-loculare, stylus 0. Stigma discoidea sinuoso-
lobat

Fructus siliquiformis.

Frutex subscandens facie Piperis.

Rachibus inflorescent. subincrassatis.

The bractes can scarcely be considered as belonging to
the flowers, as the insertion is alwaysa little above, and

T 2

946 ARISTOLOCHIACES.

often a good way, this however may depend upon partial
elongation of the rachis.

Under each branch of inflorescence is a conform. but
larger bract. :

Asiphonia Pl. DXXVIII. Fig. II.

Fructus siliquosus, subtorulosus stipitatus, 4-valvis.

Replis non interjectis. PEETA

Placenta libera centrali, 4 gona, valvis dorso striato-costat,
seeds in single series along the flat faces of the placenta,
which are opposite the valves, sub 3-angular placed end to
end in a moniliform manner externally rugose greyish.

I have only seen abortive ones.

The characters of the fruit approach closely to those of
Ascoma, perhaps the only diference is the want of the alter-
nating reploid lines. |

* THOTTEA.

Thottea grandiflora Pls. DXXX. and DXXXI.

Frutex 3 pedalis, robustiusculus, apice parce ramosus.
Ramulis pubescentibus. Folia alterne exstipulata sub
disticha subsecunda oblonga vel obovato-oblonga superiora
(ramulor.) majora coriacea cuspida brevi lataque, breve petio-
lata subtus dense pubescente hirta venulis ultimis etiam sub-
tus elevatis. :
Racemis ex axillis foliot. lapsor. caul. pubescenti hirtis,
2.3 unciali nutantibus, bracteis distichis lineari-oblongis Su5-
carinatis, :
Flores amplissime penduli longitudine fere 5-unciale lati-
. tudine extreme 4-41 unciale, colori luridi purpurei; intervenlis
irregulariter albo-maculata (dashed.)
Perianth. campanulat. membranem petaloid. zestivat. valvat.
apicibus subinflexis, venis primariis conspicuosis tactu scabrit,
basilaribus intermediis incompletis varie nexis, margine !*

THOTTEA: 347

volutis intus filamentis floccis confervoid vel fungiform, lila-
cinis dense vestitum.

Fundum corolle nidificatur, columna brevis purpureo-
sanguinea.

The perianth is fleshy at the base and throughout, tears
readily, its inner surface is irregularly undulated and has al-
together a mealy appearance.

Stam. biseriata seriebus suboppositis, filam. brevia car-
nosa,

Antherz adnatz, loculis 2, angustis. Pollen concavo-con-
vexum punctulat. iu aqua, subspheric. superfice granulosa,
Stigmata 13 radiantia quasi insuper serien summam stamen
Superumpositim, radiis convexiusculum, radiis fund. 4, in
centro in crucis formam, meeting, 4 alia interjecta as the 4
primary ones diverge, a very curious conformation.

Superficies radii supera aspectu glutinoso.

Stigma fungiform.

Ovarium tortum spiral. oblongum, pube brunneo-hirtum-
omnino inferum 4-loculare.

Fructus siliquiformis siliquam Hyperanthere simulaus, 4
uncialis utrinque subattenuatis, breviter pedicellatis subtortis
angulis 4, prominulis, rotundatis, asperis, pube brunneis, sub-
torulosis, valvis carinatis 4-valvis, completa, placentis liberis
factis in form, filament. Placenta libera carnosa, 4-angula-
ris,

Semina pauca oblongo-ovata, in concavit. placent, lateral.
quasi nidulant. et cellulosa, tela ejus vestita, ideoque aspectus
cellulosus punctis nudis? brumnescent. paucis exceptis pen-

ulis, angulis affixa, huic convexa hine convex trigona.
egum. exterius spongioso-cellulosum, superfice irregularia. -

*egum. internum indurat. subosseum brunneum superficien
undulat, intus nitidum.

Albumen copios. carnosum, cavitat. tegm. inter. conforme.

: mbryo minimus hilum prope in cavitat. albumen. ovatus
dico ledon, materia gelatinosa circa an sacculis embryonar,
hotrop,

reliquis, orthotrop

348 NEPENTHACEZ.

Tegum. terti. memb. cellulos. tenuis ultra album apicem in
apicul. product.

Ovarium angulis 4 rotundato dense pilosum, loculis totidem
sectione transverse 3-angularib. angustis, placentis cruciata
crassa, angulis alterna, ramis quoque extus 1-vascular.

a pauca minuta pendula oblonga, prope hilum. tegu-
menta bina, interius abbreviata, ore simpliciora solito, exte-
rius vescculos. sed verisim. ex abortionem.

Aromata, habitu, partu numero ternario, albumine sub-
ruminato embryoneque Anonaceis affinis.

Generic diagnosis, consists in the campanulate perianth
number and double series of stam. and the stigmatic lobes
having no relation to the ovarial cells, et infinis ovario 4-
loculare ! upper stamens sub 16, under ditto sub 18.

AÁRISTOLOCHIEX.
Aristolochiee sp. Pl. DXXIX. ê

Itinerary Notes, p. 7. no. 94.
Has. Bengal.

NEPENTHACE.
NEPENTHES.

1. Nepenthes sanguinea Gr.

Scandens sæpius epiphytica, caulibus (an semper) abbre-
viatis. Foliis arcte imbricatis sessilibus, once or twice undu-
late, e basi cordato semi-amplexicaul. oblongo-obovata vel
cuneata, univenia, coriacea glabra, venze prolongationem ex-
cept. quze ferruginea, dense tomentos, leaves varius sometimes
spathulate.

Pedicellus ampullz* spithameus, uti vena pubescens brun-
neo-coccinia, apicem versus obtuse 4-gona rectus.

ee — T-

NEPENTHES. 349

Ampulla rigida erecta, obovato-oblonga, amplissime pedalis
fere, diametro 3} unciali, venis longitudin. endoginosis dorsali
apice excepto 0, cristis 2 ventralibus fimbriatis.

Os antice parum producte, angustum postice latius et
productum into a fold bearing the lamina, rugis most delicate,
lamina subcordate ampla plana, intus glandulosa, longitud.
venosa, vena dorsalis basin laminze prope, in processum rec-
tiuscule, tridentiform product: process sometimes simple.
Color. ampulle extus luride-sanguin. oris vivide (arterial.)
vena dorsalis atro-sanguin. (pubesc.) lamina supra ejusdem
coloris, intus venous red mottled with dusky.

Has. Malacca at Goonong Ledang: Summit and towards
summit.

SP. Cuar. fol. caul. floriger rather crowded, basi cordate 3
amplexicaul. breviuscul. caulibus 3-gonis obdecurrent costze
et marginem.

Panicul. longiuscul. pedunculat. glabra, oppositifol.
à media supra floriger, flores minute ferrugin. pubescent se-
ms intus nigrescentib. pedunculis bi-tri-floris superior uni-

oris,

2, Nepenthes pumila Gr.

Pumila partib. novellis ferrugineo-pilosa, fol. amplixicauli-
§pathulata subtus costa prominule et ferrugineo-pilosa, cirrhus
Coste apicem dilatat. apertus. Ascid. oblonga, cirrho 1} uncial.
supra medium slightly constricted.

Cristis posticis 2, magnis fimbriatis dorsali 0.

Os Oblique postice simplex, antice parum product. planum-
rugis j Inconspicuis,

ina cordato-oblonga ample processus obsoletus.

Han. Malacca at Paddam Bhattoo.

+ Ons. It may be a young form, but I scarcely think so.
It should be allied to the blood-red pitchered species.

350 NEPENTHACE,
3. Nepenthes sp.

Caulescent. scandens, caulibus subtrigonis, fol. oblongo-
lanceolatis angustis, cauli altiuscul. adherent: vena central.
conspic : lateral. endogenosis indistinctis.

Pedicello ampulla pedale tortila volubilis ampullum prope
fauce postica plana, antica convexa. Ampullis sublageniformi-
oblongis, parvis e basin ampliuscule sub-attenuatis, cristis 2
ventralibus parum coalitus simplicibus, vena dorsali apicem
versus distinctior infra apicem processugeris

e two crests are often produced at the apex into à
filament.

Os antice simple, postice product. supporting the lid buł
here plane, lamina cordato-reniformi, plane with two lateral
bundles of subendogenous veins, and indistinct central ones.

Color viridescens lamina mottled with bloody.

Has. Malacca at Ayer Punus in Marshes common.

4. Nepenthes sp.

Caule scandente superfic. floccoso pruinoso.

Folia longe petiolata petiolis etiam floccosis, basi dilatatis
sled E EAEAN

Lamina petiol. lineari elliptica, utrinque breviter attenuato
3-venia, venis lateral. obsoletis marginem revolutiusculo, inter-
veniis subtus floccolosis.

Pedicellus ampullze sub pedalis, sursum incrassatus tor-
tilis.

Ampulla magna perpulchre clavata vel oblongo-obconica
e pedicello gradatim evoluto.

Carina una dorsali 2-ventialis omnes simplicis indivise
ventralibus paullo infra oris marginem, ramulo transverso. con-
nex

Os quasi bilabiatis rugis magnopere evolutis antica postice"
p npn into an eminence, the posticous one bearing

i

Lamina oblonga ampla, interne subavenia, superne bivene?»

E 3

NEPENTHES. 351

venulis ad insertionem laminz confluent, et unicum recurvam
productis.

Color ampullz luteo-albid. maculis brevidis rubro-sangui-
neis-rugis oris vel luteolis vel atro-sanguineis.

Has. Malacca at Goonom Ledang Puddam Bhattoo.

5 Nepenthes sp.

Caulibus fructigeris ex ascidiis scandentibus glanduloso
pubescent, pube parte novell viride ferrugin.

Fol. distant. petiolo breve basi dilatato, lamina elongato-
lanceolata, infra in petiol. attenuata producta (ideoque fol.
sessilia) coriacea integerri.. subtus pubesc. supra l-venia,
subtus costa prominula, venulis 2 endogenosis, margine versus
indistinctis, costa apice product. in cirrhus dense p ubesc.
apicem coniform.

Panicula terminatis ferruginea, sepalis foliaceis reflexo-pa-
tentis, fructibus oblongo-clavatis apicem quasi truncatis, ro-
tundatis 3-4 gonis. Pedicellis fl. infra 2-3 floris, sursum l-
floris.

Caulibus ascidigeris terrestribus abbreviatis, foliis confer-
tis, sessilibus } amplexicaul. petiol ascid. ferrug. pubesc.
brevissim biuncialis.

Ascid. subovuta ovi gallini magnitud. in terr. recumbent.
ore constrictiuscum venulosa, more endog. dorsali

Cristis 2 posticis maximis pulchre fimbriatis, os “anes,
margin very deep and nearly perpendicular, utrinque simplex,
Tugis well developed.

Lamina angustissime spathulata sessilis recumbent. in as-
Cid. ad basin anticum processugerum.

Color. oris viridescens, ampulle et eti viridescent
maculis sanguineis.

Han. Malacca Paddam Bhatoo, montis Toondook.

Paniculis fl. mascul. racemiform subcylindraceis, opposi-
foliis (vero terminal) axilla fol. superum gemma parent.

:

352 NEPENTHACEX.

6. Nepenthes sp.

Caulibus longissimis scandentibus ramosis, ramis crowded
with ascidia, supra foliosa, fol. distant. cortice vetustior sub-
erosa.

Fol. ramor. ascidig. conferte imbricat. sessilia e basin cor-
data À amplexicaul, alter. in cirrhum brevem robustum 1j
unciali.

Ascidia creberrim. erecta subovata compressiuscula venu-

losa (endogen.) cristis 2 posticis maximis bifimbriatis, lamina
spathulata, dimid. longitud. ascid. subavenium supra, subtus
bivena obsolete et basin prope processus 3 sessiles gerens.

Os ad insert. laminz quasi emarginato fere horizontal.

"Margo profundus obliquis, os constringens,

AB. Malacca Ayer Punnus.

Allied to the Puddam Bhatoo species.

Nepenthes from Botanic Gardens, Pl. DXX XII.

Chiefly worthy of notice on account of the difference of
development between the ovula of the upper, and those of
the lower portion of the panicle.

Thus 5, 6, 7 represent anatropous ovula with two distinct
teguments, from lower part fig. 8, from upper, part antitro-
pous ovula with one coat.

This is very curious, there are some reasons for believing,
that the coat of the antitropous ovula is the inner mem-
brane, the outer being abortive, because it resembles com-
siderably the inner coats of the anatropous ovula, and be-
cause the long funicle is evascular, while in the others there
is a raphe.

The mode of attachment of both requires to be examined,
as well as the ovula towards the middle of each inflorescence

The carpella alternate with the sepals,

1. Female flower.

2. Stigma of do.

3. Ovary transverse section of.

*-

CASSAYTHACE, 353

4. Portion of a carpellum and one of its placente, from
an ovary of the lower part of the panicle.

5. Ovula from do.

6. Ovulum do. testa open longitudinally.

7. Ovulum. Testa and tegmen opened.

8. Orula from upper part of spike, the process at the foot of
the long funicle requires examination, nucleus adherent
to tegument.

CASSYATHACEJE.
CASSYTHA.

Cassytha filiformis,

Herba in fruticibus parasatica aphylla eisque spongiolis
concavis ad nexa. Caules volubiles, glabri striati. Flores
Spicati parvi albi virescentes. Spice pauciflore, basi 3-

racteata.

Perianthium basi squamatum tubo brevi, limbo profunde
3-partito, sepalis ovatis erectis. Bracteole 3, nane, tubo
affixe, sepalis alternantes. ZEstivatio valvata. -

Stamina triplico ordine disposita, nempe 3-6-3, exteriora
petaloidea, introrsum bracteolis opposita. Intermedia 6,
quorum, 3 basi 2-glandulosa extrorsa seriei externa opposita,
3 basi nuda, introrsa, ordini tertio opposita. Filam. horum 6
clavata, brevissima ordo tertius sterilis, e glandulis oblongis
formatus. Ovarium l-loculare, l-ovulatum, ovulo pendulo,
Stylus brevis subulatus, stigma obtusum.

Pericarpium calyce ampliato baccato apice pervio ea
ntorum exuviis coronata obtectum, l-spermum. Sem
Pendulum. Testa membranacea tenuissima. Qufiléles,
crassi plano-convexi. ^ Radicula supera, brevis. Plumula

Po aga 2.phylla, foliolis plano-convexis
! describes the exterior iiber as introrse, the

m extrorse, Nees Von Esenbeck, the 3 interior as €x-

v2

*

354 LAURACEÆ.

trorse, I find them alternately introrse and extrorse, thus
the outer petaloid series, is introrse; those with 2 glands
at the base are extrorse, the 3 remaining are again introrse.

The outer series of the perianth I call bracteolæ, as they
resemble entirely those at the base of the calyx and of the
spike,

LAURACEZ.

CINNAMOMUM.
Cinnamomi sp.

Arbor vel arbuscula, ramulis petiolis foliisque utrinque
breviter et pallida ferrugineo-tomentosis, fol. alternis ovatis
vellanceolatis, obtuse acuminatisque subtus glaucis supra

,marginibuscartilagineis. Paniculis axillaribus
terminalibus breviter punctat. foliis longioribus. Bractels
caducis, floribus extus brevissime tomentosis (velutinis?)
pallidissim. viride lutescent. :

Inflorescentia nuda. Per. connivens brevissime tomentos.
Stamina 3 interiores series, latere dehiscent. glandule
maxime ; stam. sterilib. alternant. sagittatis, lobulo minimo
interjecto. Stigma capitat.

Odor. florum ingratis amylaceus, vix aromatica.

Has. In sylvis. Mergue. Nov. 1834. :

Cinnamomum N. ab. E. in cujus dissertatione de Laurine?

Indie orientalis analysis ultra limitis nature ducentur.

basin 3-nervus

PERSEA.

Persee sp.

Abor. humilis, fol. lanceolato-elliptica coriaceis uM
obtusis marginib. cartilagineis subtus glaucis inflorescen
nuda paniculata paniculis terminal. et axillis folior, superior
cymosis, floribus minutis viridi-lutescent.

TETRANTHERA. 355

Per. biseriat. subzequali 6 partit. serie externe paulo minore
(estivatione valvatum) extus intusque pubescente sericeum.

Stam. perigyna 3 serialia, seriei externe sepalor. exterior
intermedia, sepalis interior. interne exterior opposit. seriebus
binis exterior. basi nudis, interne basin bistaminosa, Stam.
4, ordinis antheriformia, sepal. interior opposita. Anth.
4-locellatze.

The same

Arbuscula, ramulis, apicibus foliosis, foliis alternis, ramis
suboppositis, petiolatis lanceolatis vel obovato-lanceolatis ob-
tuse acuminatis integris subcoriaceis, marginibus subcarti-
lagineis infra glaucis, cymis terminalibus paniculatis unico
dichotomis foribus minutis citrinis pedicellis basi bracteo-
atis

Cal. 6. -sepalus, sepalis zestivat. imbricatis (majoribus in-

terior ovatis velutinis. Pet. 0.
tam. 6, perigyna, biserialia, seriei externa introrsa sepalis

opposita, tardius dehiscentia, seriei interna inaquali 3 longior.
fertilibus, basi 2 glandulosis, sepalis exterioribus minoribus
opposita, 3 brevior sterilibus, sagittatis antheris subconniven-
tibus 3 majoribus oppositis extrorsis, valvis extrorsum versus,
Paulo longiora, filamentis serieis interior, exterioris glabris
Pilosis, anth. quadralocular, loculis infer primo dehiscent,

tam. fauci calycis inserta, Ovarium superum, rotundat,
Stylus subulatus, stam. 3 fertilia seriei interior zequans. Stigma
subcapitat, papillosum, 6-loculare 1-ovulat. ovulo pendulo ab
apice loculi.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis. Ins. Madamaca: Oct, 1834.

Persea Sprengel nec. N. ab. E.

TETRANTHERA.

Tetranthere sp. Pl. DXXXIII.
lünerary Notes, p. 144, no. 692.

956 LAURACER.
CoRvzADENIA. Incerie sedis Laurinee affinis.

Coryzadenia trifoliata Fruticosa longe scandens caulibus
teretibus.

Foliis alternis distantibus longe petiolatis palmatim 3-folio-
latis petiolulis uncialibus, oblongo-ovatis brevissima cuspidatis
repandis peninervus basi cordatis, 3-nervius marginib. diapha-
nis subtus ad nervos pubescent. supra sublente punctulat,
contusis aromaticis.

Paniculis cymosis axillaribus folia pendulis foliis brevi
oribus vel zequantibus, bracteolis minutiss. ad basin cujusque
floris, floribus majusculis purpurasus petalis albis.

Cal.superus tubo nempe fusiforme brevi ovario adnato
velutino limbo 5-partito laciniis-lineari lanceolatis acutis pe-
taloideis, reflexis estivatione valvatis.

Pet. totidem conformia albida reflexa, sinubus basi, 1-glan-
dulosis, glandula cuneata emarginata calycinis inserta. Squa-
mule 10 unguiculatæ, cucullatæ deorsum curvatæ, 2 cuiqe
utrinque cujusque fil tim ideoque sepalis oppositis.

Stam. 5 libera, sepalis opposita fauce calycis constricta in-
serti, filam, extrorsum curvato glanduloso -pubescens filifor-

mia.

Anth. bilocul. connectivo majusculo viridescent. bilocular.
valvatim dehiscent. valva revoluta. Pollen globosum ob-
longum hispidum, stylus filiformis staminib. brevior. apicem
complanatum sinuatumque, stigma lineares sinuosas styli
sequens. Ovarium calyce tubo adnatum in pedicello brevis?
articulat. I-loculare, l-ovulatum, ovulo pendulo. ab apicem
loculum foramen hilum prope.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis. Ins. Madamaca: Oct. 1834.

Habitu passiflorear. cum ordine etiam aspectus floris. pr?"
pinquans.

Pet zstivatio valvata, valva locularum extrorsum revoluta.
Berberideis laurineisque ob antherum dehiscentiam < affinis ¢
-his ob aromata.

357
PROTEACEZ.

HeEuicra.

Helicie sp.

Arborea 3 pedalis, ramis cinereis, trunco albido, demissius
ramoso, ramulis angulatis, petiolis foliisque junior. pedunculis
calycibusque ferrugineo-pubescent. fol. sparse obovata in
petiola attenuata obtuse acuminata, repanda, coriacea, seni-
ora glabra,

Subintegra vel apices versus distanter serrata marginib.
cartilagineis.

Racemis erectis axillaribus terminalibusque solitariis vel
binis, folia longiorib. pedicellis 2-floris, floribus numerosis
lutescent ingrate odoratis.

Bractea pedunculi commune paullo excedent. pedicellis
bases vessus bracteolat.

Per. ante anthesin tubulosum, demum 4-sepalum, sepalis
arcte revolutis linearib. angustissimis <estivatione valvatis.

Stam. totidem sepalis opposita, iis per tota fere longitudine
adnatis, cum que iis reflexis, filam. libera fact. brevissim.
apices versus pubescent.

nth. lineares, apiculate, apiculo glanduloso lutescent.
bilocular longit. dehiscentes extrorsze.

Glandule hypogynz 4 rotundatze carnosze, sepalis alternant
et ovar, basin cingent. ov. pilosissim. stylus filif. erectus, stig-
ma clavata luteum.

Ovar. l-locul. -2-ovulat. ovulis funiculis brevibus sustentes,
foram. loculi fundum versus spectans.

Has. In sylvis. Mergue: Jan. 1834. Vidi speciem hujus
generis florifera, Moulmein. :

Rhopala excelsa Roxburghi Helicia monent. R. Br.

358 AQUILARACEZX.
PgTROPHILA.

Petrophila pulchela.

Perianthum 4 sepalum in tubum complanatum conniventi-
bus. Anthere in foveis sepalorum oblong ovarium lateri-
bus utrisque pulcherrima sericeum, stigma fusiformis,

Inflorescentia strobiliformis bracteis cordatis acuminatis,
apicibus brunnescentibus.

Sepala decidua 2 superiora et 2 inferiora conniventia re-
monentia grosse et przesertim ad apices.

Folia glabra ramulis albo velutinis v.v. e in H. B. quà
flores julio. Petrophila pulchella.

AQUILARACE.
AQUILARIA.

Aquilaria Agullocha.

Per. campanulat. tubo partit. laciniis ovatis patentib. pi-
losis eestivatione imbricatis zequalibus.

Stam. monadelphia in tubum calycis conformat. arcteque
applicitum coalita, 10 alterna fertilia, 10 sterilia squamifor-
mia, dense barbat. Filam 10 antherifera, glabra, 10 sterilio
pilossissime exserta subzqualia. Anth. erect subexserte
bilocul. longit. lateraliterque dehiscentes.

Stylus brevissimus. Stigma capitat.

Ovarium pilossissim liberum, 1-loculare, dissepimentis 2
parietalibus valde incompletis, 2 ovulat. Ovula gei
pendula ab apice locul. foramen superum hilum pro

Arbor. ramis hirsutis, fol. alternis exstipulatis Jan ceolato-
acuminatis integris venis secondariis margines usque curren-
tibus. Paniculis compositis racemoso umbellatis, floribus
inconspicuis. Cl. Lindley ait **foramen xd apicem O
an recte? ob ovuli formam potius hilum pro
: By, siccam speciem Cl. Lindl. donat. go ;

HERNANDIACE. 359

Primo aspectu, stam. vere perigyna, filam. in tubum caly-
cinum decurrent, fauce squamis 10 appendiculata, tuboque
calycis piloso, sed stamina et squame dissectione calycis
parietibus separabilia, nec accreta sed mere applicata sunt
tubo calycino.

HERNANDIACE.

HERNANDIA.
Hernandia ovigera.

Ramuli robusti, fol. alternis exstipulatis supra lucidis. Pa-
niculis corymbosis, paullo supra axillares.

Habitus foliationis Euphorbiaceus, vernatio conduplicata,

Pedunculis partialibus umbellatis. 3-4 floris. ^ Bracteis
3-4, involucelli modo nunc disposit. nunc uno dislocat.

Fl. monoica suave oleatis.

Masc. tuba subnulla sepalis 3 ovatis sub coriaceis imbricatis
æstivat, patentibus. Pet. 3 alternant erectiuscula.

tam, 3 antherar. valvis revolutis, sepalis appositis, filamen-

tis brevibus utrinque staminodio auctis, corpusculis interio-
ribus interjectis,

Pollen Aurantiacea.

Fem. Calycis tubus ovulis, calyculo semi-inclusus. Sepalis
petalis 4, Stam, 4. staminodia ssepius obsoletis.

Stigma magnum reniforme fungoid, stigmatic canal open.

Ovar, 1-loculare inferum ovulum 1 , pendulum, raphe enor-
mously prolonged beyond the base of the nucleus.

See no mention made of the valvate dehiscence of the
anthers ! Lindley places it near Thymalez although every
thing points out its affinity to Laurine and especially
n lllizeracez from which perhaps it is scarcely different

I have not seen the seed. f
The calyculus of the females is well worth bearing in mind,

with reference to Santalacea and Loranthacea.

360 THYMELACEX.

In these valvular anthers the loculi are only two, and
instead of dehiscing along the centre, the whole of the an-
ther separates anteriorly along the connectivo.

The anther of Hernandia represents exactly a leaf with a
thick midrib, the lamina inflected to the midrib. To reduce the
ordinary 4 locular antero-posterior type, they ought to have

a septum in the centre, and each parta line of dehiscence _

along the centre. See Pl. DXXXV. Fig. II.
Arethey due to confluence of the anthers or are the
anterior cells alone developed. How are they to be re-

duced to a type in which the dehiscence takes place along

margin of the leaf.

THYMELACE/E.
CANSIERA.

Cansiera zyzyphifolia, Gr. Pl. DXXXVII. Fig. I.

Frutex scandens, fol. alternis coriaceis carnosis concavis
ovato-acuminatia subintegris basi triveniis, czeterum venis
secondariis paucis distinctis, stivat. conduplicat.

Spicis axillaribus, foliis multo brevior media supra. florigeris
velutinis uti partes novellee.

Flores bractea parva inconspicua suffult, ivirides, inconspi-
cui.

Perianth. urceolatum, extus papulosum, tubo nempe e basi
globoso-constricta, limbo 4-fido laciniis late ovatis } p
tentibus, zstivat. valvato-angularis.

Stam. 4, petalis opposita his medium fere usque adnat.
inclusa. Anth. biloc. oblong. introrse.

Glandule 4 staminibus altera, magne e basi cordato Cus-
pidato acumina as high as the adhering part of the filaments.

(With these 4 other small glands, as it were are incorpo-
rated with base of ovarium alternate.

Ovarium oblongum conicum, stylus brevis. Stigma 4-lo-
bum, lobis laciniis perianth altern.

um unicum conicum medium ovarii paullo supra.

NEUE. noe ee NES

: i CANSEIRA. 361

1. Portion of inflorescence.

2. Flower.

9. Do. laid open.

4. Gland externally.

-5. Stamen in front.

6. Do. transverse section of anther.
» 7. Pollen.

8. Pistillum.

9. Ovulum and placenta.
.10. Do. do. of a bud, ,1, appearances decidedly Santala-

ceous.

ll. Long section of fruit.

12. Base of albumen.

13. Long section of do.

l4. Embryo.

15. Do. cotyledons separated.

Drupa globosa basi perianthio explanata stipata, apice
nuda, Caro rubra mediocris, Putamen osseum, basi areo-
1 lato depressum, apice minute apiculatum.
^ Semen conforme erectum ? basi foveolatum cruciatimque
sulcatum into the foveole the basilar eminence of putamen,
fits, from this radiate 4 vascular fascic. Between this and the
putamen, is a thin torn coat adhering however generally, rather
to the albumen than to the putamen, adhering firmly and
9n one side of the putamen about middle a placentiform mass
Corresponding to which there is a depression in the seed,
centre brown, looking like a radicular punctum, but not so.

Embryo inversus axilis, paullo curvatus to the centre of the
placentiform mass the teguments adhere, the seed is therefore
properly laterally fixed.

AB. In woods Malacca.
Proxima Champereya non obstante perianth monophyllo.
Habitus Pentameris Osyridis.
Hort, Botan. Calcut. May 1843.

^

v2

362 THYMELACES.

CHAMPEREYA.
Cha mpereya sp. Pl. DXXXVII. Fig. III.

Arbor. ramulis flexuosis subcompressis fol. alternis exsti-
pulatis oblongo-ovatis acuminatis repandis coriaceis supra
atro-viridib. glabris. Paniculis axillaribus vele ramis ortis
racemosis, racemis divaricatis, floribus viridibus quam maxime
inconspicuis, minimis. Pedicellis brevibus crassis.

Cal. 5 sepalus, sepalis oblongo-ovatis. Pet 0.

Stam. 5 sepalis opposita patentia, hypogyna. Filam. fili-
formia. Anth. ovatz bilocolo medio affixe longitud. latera-
literque dehiscent. Pollen album ovata leve hinc sulcatum.
Discus hypogynus 5-gonus sublobatus intra stamina, ovarium-
que.

Ovar. liber. disco occultum. Stylus ejus longitud. exsertus
crassus. Stigma simplex obtusum, 1-loculare, l-ovulat. ovulo
erecto foramen inconspicue ad apicem ovuli ?

Fructus oblongo-ellipticis racemoso-paniculata, pedicello
brevi robusto insident. basi sepalis minutissimis 4, patente
stipatis, apice stigmata notat.

Epicar. rubro-aurantiacea tenue chartac. Mesocarp. luteum
tenue baccat. Endocarpio albidum subligneo fragili, intus
vestit. membran. tenuiss, adherent. venos. apicem minute
mammillat.

Semen conforme erect. apicem minute mammillat. tegu-
ment. 0.

Album copiosum carnosum basi excavat. sub 3-lobum.
Embryo albus inversus an axin dimid. albuminis super?
Radicula longa clavata omnia inclusa in albumen!

Cotyledones 3 elongate dorso plano convexz ventre trigone,
equales. Basin albuminis tubo persist. sphacelat. percursa.

a. Embryo.

b. Endocarp.

9. ditto,

eS ee oe ee

ENKLEIA. 263

€. Mesocarp, & ditto.
d. Epicarp, i ditto.

Pistillum and ovulum, Pl. DXXXVI. Figs. a. 5.
Has. Mergue: Jan. 1834. Char. Exocarpi subacc edit.
Santalaceis affinis, ovario supero.

ENKLEIA.

Enkleia malayana Gr. `

Perianth. tubulos. imbricatum ferrugineo-pubescens, tubus
cylinderac. lamina 5-fida laciniis ovatis, margine inzqualibus,

Squamæ totidem alternantes, bifid albze petaloideze fauci
insertae,

Stam. 10-biseriata seriea superior fauci inserta sepalis oppo-
sitis, inferior. tubo demissius inserti. Anth. subsessiles, ad-
nate, loculis linearibus, introrsz, longitud. dehiscentes (vasul.
ad basin desinent) Pollen luteum glabrum.

Ovarium superum villosum. Stylus brevis cylindraceus.
Stigma album valde papillosum capitatum sub 3-lobum, vasc.

- Styli 3.

Orulum 1 magnum pendulum anatropum.

Rami inflorescentii paniculati, medium versus fol. 2
Parva suboppositi canaliculati gerent. apice spicato, capi-
tellatos flores paucos gerentes. Capitul. quodque extrorsum, l-
bracteata, bractea fol. ramulinis similimis sed minor.

ores inconspicui fuscescenti-virides.

Frutex scandens cortice ramulor. ferrugin.

Fol, opposita breve petiolata, oblonga basi subcordata obtusa
coriacea venis secondariis insignibus oblique arcuatis ope ra-

wor (immersorum) transvers. nexis ut in quibusdam
Briedleis,

Floralibus fuscescent. suboppositis vel alternis canaliculato-
concavis fructiferor. ramulinor. ampliat, scariosa reticulat,
nosa, fusco-brunnescent planiuscula.

364 THYMELACEX.

Fructus deflexo-pendula sessilis peduncle strictis. Pedi-
cellis crassis brevis, subturbinatis basi nudi vel perianthio spa-
thaceum fisso, globoso conico apiculato paullo immatura
subdrupacea, 1-locularis, 1-sperum.

Semen 1 pendulum conform.

Tegumen outer thickest greenish, inner membrane very
veiny ! raphe marked on the outer broad 3 complete, multipar-
tite, albumen 0.

Cotyledones magne albz subhzmispherice, extus quasi
venose with impressions.of the veins of the teguments, Plu-
mula inconspicua.

Has. Malacca. Bhatto Burndan.

It is among these plants that we have an apparently simple
ovary, and the style truly terminal; but it by no means
follows that all the ovaria are really simple, although the
presence of 3 vassels is nearly as compatible with a simple
as with a ternary ovary.

Gen. CHAR.

Spicz vel racemi paniculat. medio bifolio floralibus.
Flores nudi, articulati in pedicellis brevissimis.

Per. tubulos. 5-fida laciniis imbricatis.

Squamze faucinz totidem petaloides bifide, incluse.

Stam. 10 biseriata. Anth. biloc. longit. Ovar. 1-loculare
ovulo pendulo.

Stylus brevis. Stigma capitat. papillos.

Fruct. peduncul. fol. flor. ampliata planifacta scariosa,

reticulato-venosa drupacea, l-sperma. Sem. exalbumen.

Habitus peculiaris. Ramuli uncinatim decurvi.

Fruit marked by two opposite longitudinal whitish yellow
lines, also with a tendency to being veiny, its white spots are
stomata, I have a Mergue species of the same family ia
which the inner tegmen of the riper seed at least, is very veiny
the outer in this appears to have none except the raphe,

= STORIE

PERMET

365
PASSERINA.
l. Passerina diarthronoides Gr. Pl. DXXXIV.

Annua erecta, varians spithamza usque ad 2 pedales,
ramis paucis, virgatis sepius nutantibus, caule ramisque viri-
dibus glaucescens, gemmis ex axillis foliorum infümor. lap-
siso.

Folia ascendentia alternanta linearia utrinque paullo at-
tenuata, acuta cum mucronulo, vena una indistinct. utrinque
cellulosa aspect.

Flores subsessiles in axillis, vel terni vel plures, uno ex-
axilla folii, duobus lateralibus inferioribus ex axillis bracteæ
ovate subcarinate, rela nudi? basibus omnia pilis lon-
giusculis obsite.

Inflorescentia E hen et partialis et generalis.

. Flores minuti inconspicui, demidium superius ochroleuci
inferius virides.

Perianth. subcylindraceum, sepaloideum ad anthesin viride
cito postea dimidio supra colorato ochroleuco et obturbina-
tulum evadit. extus hirtum pilis uncinatis, limbo valvato car-
noso, 4-partito.

Stam. 8 in filamentis brevibus, ad faucem inserta, biseria-
tim, serien supera majora laciniis opposita, infera minori al-
ternantia cum his et in filamentis longioribus, introrse.
Anth. biloculare longitud. dehiscentes.

Pollen magnum croceum globosum in aqua immersa, cir-
cumcinctum cellulis radiantibus ! subirregularibus, tegumento
hoc externa demum solubila.

Pistillum omnino superum, quamvis examinatur primar.
apparet inferum oblongum tubum perianthii implens, sub-
obliquum apice hirtum,

Stylus brevis sepius curvatus stigma capitatum, on a level
with the upper anthers.

Ovalum unicum pendulum ex lateo apicis local, foramen
um prope,

366 THYMELACE.E.

Fructus perianthio immulato recondit. Carpellum cellu-
losum, et inferne valde attenuatum.
Semen pendulum, tegument exterius atro-brunneum,
chartaceo-osseum, interius membranaceo-cellulosum album.
Albumen 0! Embryo inversus (quoad plante axin) radi-
cula longa conica.
Cotyledones carnose oblonge obliquissimz. Plumula in-
conspicue.
l. Plant X natural size, chief branch incomplete.
2. Fascicle of flower in an axil.
3. Flower
4. Do. open and spread out.
5. Stamen front view.
6. One of the larger and upper stamina after dehiscence,
(dry) front view.
7. One of the lower ditto shewing its longer filament.
8. Pollen dry.
9. Immersed in water, the bns globule has its outer coat
dissolved from longer immersion.
10. Long section of pistillum.
11. Ovulum.
lla. Ditto seen under pressure.
12. Perianth of fruit half developed.
13. Ditto of ripe fruits.
14. Capsule separated from the perianth.
15. Ditto long section, a pericarpial walls, 6 outer osseous
coats of seed, c inner cellulo-membranous do. d embryo.
15a. Transverse section of fruit, a pericarp, 5 osseous coat of
seed, e cellulo-membranous, do. d cotyledons.
16. Embryo, one cotyledon removed, shewing the plamule
indistinct.
Han. Affghanisthan in turfosis dumidiusculis agrorum,
per totam plagam fere.
SP. Cnan. Ramis virgatis foliis linearibus floribus ia
axillis aggregatis. Perianthio hirto persistent fructus ©
costatus. Stigmat discoideo, æstiv, valvat.

STIS DR SETTE TENERE IS

PASSERINA. 367

Planta intermedia inter Daphnaceus, et Santalaceaus.
It certainly belongs to Thymelez.
An Passerina, Diarthron affinis, etiam.

Itinerary Notes p. 295, no. 924.

2. Passerina costata Gr. Pl. DXXXV.

Planta annua erecta, statura varians sspe ramosissime
corona lata. ^ Cortice tenaci-fibrosa ramis inferioribus sub-
oppositis, plus minus nudatis, foliis alternis, subsessilibus as-
cendentibus subsecundis, glaucis lineari-spathulatis, utrinque
pubescente pube tenui longiuscula, simplice sepius concava
univenia.

Flores in racemis terminalibus filiformibus demum elonga-
tis, nudis, articulata in apicibus dilatatis pedicellorum brev,
subtetrasticha.

Perianth. medio constrictum supra hoc subpetaloid, infra
viridescens, tubo oblongo apice 4-lobo, lobis 2 majoribus,
In æstivation exterioribus subcarnosis, extus pubescens, infra
medium et in parte ovario respondente, costis 8 undulatis
distinctis,

Stam. 8, biseriata ut in precedente, filamento filiformia sub-
qualia, anth. oblonge bilocul. longit. dehiscent. introrsz.
p rotundum glabrum in aqua immulat. iterum exami-

Ovarium in parte tubi oblongo recondit glabrum oblongum,
uniloculare,
| Ovulo unico pendulo e latere apicis loculi, conforme.
Tegu ment, unicum? foramen superum hilum prope, stylus
Sübclavatug gracilis decidius, stigma oblongum papillosum
s ala, tubo calycis immulat. scarioso, albo facto, recondit.
viridescens, cellulosis indehiscens. Semen pendulum, cap-
Sulis co orme.

Tegument exterius osseum atratum, Interius album
de aranaceo-cellulosum. Embryo ex albuminosus, præce-

tis, radicula supera.
l« Portion of a large specimen nat, size.

368 THYMELACEA.

la. Portion of inflorescence.

2. Alabastrum.

3. Flower, lobes not sufficiently expanded.
4. Ditto laid open.

5. Partium situs et alternat.

6. Stamina front.and back view.

6a. Ditto after dehiscence. . »

7. Pollen immersed.

8. Pistillum long section.

9. Ovula viewed under pressure.

10. Flower.

ll. Ditto long section, a capsula, 6 seed outer tegument,
c inner ditto, d embryo (longit central line wrong.)

12. Ditto tnde. a b c d as above.

13. Embryo.

Has. Common all over Affghanisthan, generally in old or
newly cultivated spots or in barren ground, it varies extremely
in statute.

Sp. Canar. Racemis pluribus erectis, foliis d ense pubes-
cent, floribus spicato-racemosis, tubo medio constricto
dimidiato. Stigmata oblongo cues fructus, dimidio supero
lapso infero E cditio.

A genus which it appears to me is intermediate between
Thymelez and Santalace approaching much more nearly
the former than the latter, with which it assimilates in the
tendency to valvular estivation and pendulous ovula.

To the former in tenacity of bark, habit, stamina, and
free ova "

Cabul : ‘gant 10th-12th, 1839. ši

LePrTONIUM.

Leptonium oblongifolium, Pl. DXXXVI.

l. Portion of young inflorescence
2. Ditto at expansion of central Dina bracte cadiceous»

LEPTONIUM. ' 369

3. Bud laterally.
4. Ditto nearly vertically.
5. Flower,
6. Ditto perianth laid open.
7. Front
8. Back
9. Anther burst in front.
10. Pollen.
ll. Pistillum.
12. Placenta and Ovulum.
13. Fruit.
14. Ditto long section. '"-
15. Ditto ditto albumen.
16: Embryo.
. Yr. Ditto cotyledons partly separated.
18. Ditto completely.
Drupa oliviformis (4-plo minor) sessilis apice nuda, basi
depresso subannulato putamen fibroso-osseum.
Semen 1 basi affixum inter hoc et putamen parietem

interiorem tegumen tenui lacerat. membranacie cellulosa,
adherens, et etiam albumini, apice hujus

of Anther.

apice putamin,

conica excepto.
Albumen copiosum carnosum apice conico nudo. Embryo

inversus axilis. Radicul. nudo obovato, oca mediocris

Supera,

Cotyledones 3, lineares, intus carinati apices versus cohæ-

rentes connate ? Plumula i inconspicua.

This represents pistillum and ovulum of Champereya.
H. B. C. May, 1843.

w2

370 THYMELFACE X.
DAPHNE.

1. Daphne sp. Pl. DXXXVIII.

Frutex 4 pedalis, cortice griseo, fol. articulata. levi-
ter repanda supra saltem seniora saturati-viridia, iufra
glaucescento-albida reticulataque, flores capitati albi pubes-
centes, limbo carneo, anth. flave, odor mellitus.

Journey from Assam to Ava. Specimen unicum tantum legi.
Patkye Yoommam, alt. ped. 4500,

2. Daphne cannabina.

Frutex, erectus, 6-7 pedalis, fol. alternis exstipulatis,
lanceolatis utrinque--aeumiuatis repandis, floribus, capitatis
albis, subodoratis capitulis terminalibus.

Per. hypocraterif. tubo 3 uncialis, 4-partitum.

.. Stam. 8 inclusa biserialia, 4 inferiora majora medium tubi
versus inserta, utriusque serien alternatim, perianth. laciniis
opposit.

Stylus brevis. Stigma magna capitula. Ovar. basi annulo
glanduloso cinctum oblongum, l-loculare, 1-ovulata (abort.)
ovulo pendulo foramen hilum prope.

Has. Churra Ponjee: Oct. ilih, 1835.

Daphne cannabina, Lour vix D. Indica, ex Donio.

JENKINSIA.
Jenkinsia assamica Gr. Pl. DXXXVII. Fig II.

Frutex scandens, volubilis in cortice paleis brevibus subu-
latis asperata.

Fol. alterna in petiolis basi paululo supra articulatis ibidem-
que incrassatis teretiusculis oblongo-obovata szepius oblique
acuminata cum mucrona obtusiuscula subintegra, venis secon-
dariis arcuatis mutuo sed irregularibus nexis, interstitiis venis
irregularibus sub transversio-divisis, interstitiolis reticulati-

- JENKINSIA. Lari

venulosis, stomata paginz inferioris tantum ad sunt, cuticu le
cellule sinuosze, superioris irregularis vix sinuosze,

Ramuli ut etiam floriferi sepius paulo supra axillares.

Fructus capitata, pedunculo furfuraceo subunciali suffulte
erecto, 2-5 aggregato distincte baccato, oblongo ovato com-
presso, stipite crasso insidentis, apice stigmata persistente
capitato medio foveolato coronato.

Stipite cincto calyce campanulaceo, 4-partito, laciniis
patento-reflexis, argenteo-furfuraceo.

Calyx circumcinctus basi bracteis 4, cordatis, laciniis alter-
nantibus, mutuo unitis in cupulam brevem. Bacci miniate
coccinez, longitudine 3 unciz latitudine § unciali.

Semen unicum, magnum, pendulum ex apice bacce cavi-
tates, subovatum, compressum, secus lateram profunde sulcata,
fauce utroque prominentibus 3 paullo elevatis flexuosis, in-
terse areolatim nexis notatum griseo-brunneum. Areole
magne rugosule. Palpa bacce parieti seminis adhzeret.

esta coriacea sublignea crassiuscula superfice externa
brunnea, ceterum alba, intus glaber, punctulis convexis
areolis responbentibus intus undulata.

egument proprius tenuissimum, membranaceo-cellulosum

albumen arcte vestens, albumen copiosum carnosum cavitati
Led + Tie

- g s, subareolatusque, conform-
ing to the testa something, utrinque secus sulcam testi linea
rubra notat.

Cotyledones carnose oleosæ? planz axiles, albumini levi-
ter adhzrentes, an etiam inter se medio curvate marginibus
Tepandis,

Radicula supera in hemispherica, albumin exserta. Plu-
mula inconspicua,

Han. Assam Prope Suddyah : Feb. 3rd, 1836.

De cotyledoni forma et earum mutua adhesionem haud
certior, factus sum, unicum fructum tantum examinavi, et
quoad cotyledones infeliciter.

In descriptionem supra, semen pro putamen habenda, con-

. LÀ
minis ennfar
e

372 THYMELACEAZ.

tinens semen pendulum unicum, cum tegument simplex
tenuissimum, hinc raphe lineari-simpliceo notat.

Chalaza macula indistincta brunnea apicem geometricam
seminis prope in Iconenemis dictincta. Chalaza e textura
mucilaginoso-fibrosa.

Cotyledones e marginibus et radicula albumina tenuissimo
tectis, albumen in super radicula in membranam fere redac-
tum.

Genus novum Thymelezaria.

Flores capitati. Perianth. campanulat. 4-partit. basi in-
volucra 4-fido suffult.

Drupz stipitate, pyrena anguloso-areolata in albumen
copiosum.

Frutex scandens, hinc illinc cortice subfurfuraceus tenacea
foliis alternis, oblongo-obovatis, in petiolis articulatis. Bac-
cis miniato-coccineis.

Linostoma,

Linostoma decandra.

Fruticosa, ramulis compressis, fol. lanceolat.: oppositis,
acuminatis integris, floralibus discoloribus sessilibus basi
subcordatis racemis paucifloris axilla terminis flori- -
bus majusculis.

Cal. tubo cylindrica elongat. profunde 5-partit. laciniis
lineari-lanceolat. reflexis zstivatione imbricatis, 2 exteriori-
bus.

Squame carnose clavate sepalorum numero duplo, fauci
inserta, alterne Sepalis opposita.

Stam. totidem fauci inserta alterna breviora sepalis oppo-
sita. Filam. longiuscula filiformia. Anth. adnatz, bilocul.
longitudinaliter praesertim apices versus dehiscent.

Pollen magnum globosum hispidum, stylus filiformis basin
versus pilosus.

conicum capitat.

j

ELÆAGNEÆ, 373

Ov. liberum tubo calycis omnino inclusum, pilis niveis
hispidissimum l-loculare, l-ovulat. stipitat. vel basin versus
solidum sterileque. Ovul. pendulum ab apice loculi, foramen
conspicuum hilum prope.

Has. Mergue: Jan. 9th, 1835.

Nectandra decandra Roxb.

ELZAGNEA,

This order agrees with Olacinez in one remarkable point,
that the calyx is analogous to an adherent calyx.

In Elzagnus, this is carried so far that dissection is abso-
lutely requisite to detect it, and is accompanied with a deve-
lopment of a glandular disk, precisely similar to that of epi-
gynous orders, The style too separates above its base.

There can be no doubt but that the Perianth is truly calycine.

The ovary is essential simple, it has one vascular facicle
that is prolonged upwards into the style, and which cor-
responds to the costa of ordinary leaves.

The placental suture is distinguishable, but merely by a line
of different tissue, for no furrow exists as ordinarily happens.
The stigma is also essentially simple.

z The ovulum has the ordinary structure, its raphal face
appears to correspond to the placental line above noted as
indeed it should.

The stomata are very minute and are to be found only on
the under surface. This is curious, one would have supposed

. that some compensating process would have existed, owing

to the great obstacles to free ingress and egress of air present-
ed by the scales, but unless these have some influence, I can
see none.

3 These scales are maxima developments of facicled or stel-
late hairs, and they return to this state on the upper surface.

importance of these bodies is obvious from their general

Occurrence in the order.

- The stamina are evascular.

374 ELJEAGNEA.

And so is the perianth except in the axis of the lacinia.

The greater permanence of the styles or stigmata is in
Addition remarkable from its being opposed to that which
usually occurs. The parts next the axis being those most
developed, and one would in reasoning a priori, imagine that
the upper part of an organ which must bea continuation
of the lower part, could not exist independently of this.

ELZAGNUS.

l. Eleagnus fasciculatus, Pl. DXXXIX. Fig. II.

Fruticosa inermis, fol. lanceolatis. mucronato-acuminatis
utrinque sed subtus dense lepidotis, subrepandis, integris
ramulisque novellis argenteo-lepidotis.

Fructibus in pedicellis lepidotis zquantibus varie numero
aggregatis in axillis foliorum, vere racemosis, pedunculo bre-
vissimo tri-binati-globosis, apice depressis et quasi unbilicatis,
sinu conum brevem exserente, rubris, lepidotis.

Pericarp. calycis basin ampliato baccato adhzrente inclusum,
ebovato-turbinatum utrinque conicum, cono supero stylum
affingente, late sulcata lignea. Endocarpio tenuissimo solu-
bili imo partio cum semine separant. 1-loculare, l-spermum-

Semen erectum fere globosum ex albuminosum obsolite
sulcatum. Tegumentum unicum tenue e tegmentis 2 con-
flatis, quorum exterius membranaceum, tenuissimum, cellulis
sinuosis, interius cellulosum.

- Raphe linearis nec prominula.
Chalaza puncta apiculis brunnea.
Radicula ovata brevissima crassa, infera ad hilum latus.
, Cotyledones raphe parallele carnose, plano-convex® fere
hemispherice, basi emarginate.

Plumula diphylla subviridis.

Has. Assam Burrumpootur: April 5th, 1836. -

. Micropyle inconspicua, e foveola depressa laterali. e coste
vel subcompressione orto caule distinguenda, raphe simplex»

SANTALACE. 375

e fasciculis endocarpii distinguenda in tegumentum cellu-
losum currens.

2. Eleagni sp. Pl. DXXXIX Fig. I.
Has. Bootan at Punuka.

3. Eleagni «sp.

Arbor vel frutex, Ramulis petiolis, foliisque subtus
(his que presertim) squamis peltatis laciniis argenteis tectis,
fol. ovatis acutis repandis subintegris glabris.

i Racemis axillaribus abbreviatis, plurifloris, floribus argenteo-
citrinus suaviter odoratis.

„ter, gamosepala, tubo basin versus rotundato, superne
petaloideo-obtuse 4-gono, limbus 4-partit. laciniis ovatis pa-
tulis, estivatione valvatis, intus pilosis.

tam. 4 fauci inserta laciniis alternantia, filamentis brevibus
plano-subulatis, lateribus basin dilatatis et inter se adnatis,
“eo ut annulus faucinus brevis 4-angulus formatur. Anth.
medio affixæ bilocul, longit. lateraliterque dehiscentes. Pol-
*n globosum ]zeve. ;

Stylus Subulatus basin versus pilis longiusculis stellatis
hispidus, Stigma simplex obtusum.

Ovarium glabrum tubo perianth hasi circumsciss. obtectum,

locul, 1-ovulat. ovulo erecto foramen conspic. hilum versus.

4B, Mergue an culta: Nov. 1834.

SANTALACE.

SANTALUM.
Santalum myritifolium.

3 Perianthium $ superum 4-partitum, intus coloratum, æsti-
"Mine valvata, Pet. 4-perigyna, glanduliformia, sepalis

ron ia tf perigyna. sepalis opposita, ad basin lacinia-
i Filam. filiformia, basi præcipæ extus pilis

376 PODOSTEMACE £.

perianthio originem ducentibus, suffulta. Anth. terminalis,
introrsze, biloculares, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Pollen ?

~- Ovarium semi inferum oblongum, l-loculare, 1-ovulatum,
ovulum primo pendulum demum erectum foramen ad ejus
apicem? Stylus filiformis, stigmata 3-4 capitata papillosa,
Ovarium adultius paulo infra basin styli circumscissum, uti
linea sphacelata obviam facit.

Petala (glandule auctorum) petalorum situm occupant.
mere in statu anamorphosis sunt. Pilaa Linnzo tantum
descripto sunt, Filam basi deorsum pilis ramentacea. In
mea exempla pili plurima seorsum, pauci minores deorsum
spectant. omnino filamentis discreta sunt.

In floribus, paulo post florescentiam, pili filamenta fere ob-
tegunt. post anthesin multo minus conspicua fiunt.

Flores primo virides sunt, demum pagina perianthii interior
rubra fit.

Arbor potius frutex, foliis oppositis exstipulatis integris,
lanceolatis. Inflorescentia racemoso-paniculata, terminalis.
Pedicelli articulati, ad basin bracteati, bracteis caducis.

Has. Bengal: Oct. 4th, 1835.

Osynis.

Osyris nepalensis, Pl. DXL. Fig. I.

Itinerary Notes, p. 128, no. 427.
Has. Bootan.

PODOST ACEZE.
PoposrEMON.
Padostemon Griffithii. Pls. DXLI. Fig. II and DXLIV.

Plantula aspectu omnino fuci, axi verro nullo, € fronde
orbiculari, lobato, in saxis semi-inundatis arcte adherent,
viridi, lucido, somewhat slimy, constans, ¢ promis-

ETIE EEE a IS =

vue flores numerosissimos exserens, sinubus loborum ex-
ceptis ? :
1 tichis imbricatis, ovato-triangularibus, interstitio inter an-
gulos 2 internos concavo et pedunculum amplextent.

MAE

mo ceteris partibus multo-viridioribus.
| Spatha membranacea, sub anthesin subbivalvat fissa, den-
i tius persistens sed demum labens. Per. nullum.
Stamen unicum, lateraliter in apicem pedunculi brevissimi
situm, respectu frondis superficiei semper internum, res-
| pectu centro axisve externum ? ;
: Filam. sursum arcuatum,carnosum, rubescens, basi utrinque
processu setaceo-celluloso apice oblonga glanduloso summo
apice recurvo auctum, apice bifurcatum, farca utraque extror-
‘Sum flexiusculá, et stigma internum, vel externum quoad
. Axin plante, amplectenti.

Anthere cujusque furez, basi affixa, oblonga, bilocularis,
fere didyma, loculis basin dehiscentiam subdivaricatis, later-
| aliter et longitudinaliter dehiscent. insertione obliquis, ex-
l : terno demissiore.

x

3 -
D ij PODOSTEMON. 377

| 3 Polen compositim e sphzrulis 2 simplicibus levibus,
r € sulcatis ? post immersionem etiam cohærentibus.
Filam evaculosum. Endothec. cellulis vix fibrosis.
i Ovarium ovatum, acutum, breve stipitatum, stipite demum
35 immulato, extus cellulosum cæterum lve, 1-loculare. -
Placenta centralis carnosa conformis, ovulis undique tertia,
E Septo adnata ideoque utrinque alato- marginata.
Stylus 0. Stigmata 2 triangularia (angulo tertio infero) cel-
lulo-papulosa, rubra sub repanda carnosa, internum quoad
i. en majus. à

is Orula oblonga angustiora quam in P. Wallichii, viridia,
I celluloso-papulosa ; tegumentum exterius (et unicum)
-féllulosum, internis membranaceum, moleculas mobilis con-
“nens, omnino ut in P, Wallichii et nucleum componens.
x2

Pedunculi brevissimi, squamis (bracteis) viridibus, dis- |

substantia demum angulum externum versus corneá, pri-

adl

378 PODOSTEMACE.

Fructus capsularis ovatus, utrinque equalis subacutusque,
pedunculum brevem ipso duplo 3-plo breviorem terminans
(stipite proprio non elongato, pedunculo duplo breviore.)

:Pedunculo demum nudo, lamina interior capsule, decolorate
e cellulis transversa dispositis formata.

Capsula costis sub 16.

Semina oblonga, (immatura) omnino ut in P. Wallichii,
Nucleus obovatus, parte attenuata supera, basin affixus.

Oss. The fronds of this plant are coriaceous, the cells of

both cuticles? being oblong. The intermediate substance
being white cellular and somewhat lax, it has no stomata.

Each axis of inflorescence is perfectly distinct, the frond
moreover is entirely cellular, these axes appear at their
bases to perforate the substance of the frond, and to be ap-
plied to the surface of the body over which the frond is
Spread, on detaching them, small round holes are left, pet-
forating the frond completely, the same thing is visible on old
plants, the frond of which appears to be a brownish thickish
lobed film. spread over the stone, its surface being frequently
perforated.

In very young flowers there is a central axis to the fila-
ment as well as to each of its crura, running to the connec-
tivum. I can say nothing as to its vascularity, the filament
and its crura are at this time very short, and not developed
in the same ratio with the subulate processes.

The ovula at the same period are cellular oblong without
any opening.

The capsules seem to be formed of 2 carpellary leaves
each of which has 8 coste exclusive of 2 marginal ones 9
3 the size, by approximating these, we have the capsule 12-
costate, the coste formed by the margins of the carpellary
leaves being duplicate and formed on both leaves. The de-
hiscence will I think be bivalvular, and septicidal. There
is no septa attached to the parietes of the ovarium, but the
placenta is certainly adnate to a septum, whose membrana"
ceous margins project somewhat on either side.

: T

PODOSTEMON. 379

2. Podostemon Wallichiana, Gr. Pls. DXLI, DXLII,
DXLIII. ! l

Planta minima, facie Hepatice cujusdam, acaulis (an
vere) fronde depressa, planiusculi-lobata lobis sinuatis, si-
nubus omnibus florem exserentibus, coriacea, pallide viri-
descens, textura fuci, pede brevissimo textura 'erassiore
magisque coriaceo, subdisciformi rupibus -inundatis in
rivulorum cursubus provenientibus arcte affixa.

Folia vera nulla, ast eorüm loco frons, bracteoque peduncu-
lorum basin cingentes.

Pedunculi solitarii uniflorum e sinubus loborum frondis
origin. ducentes, maturato, 5-7 lineales, basin bracteis dense
agregatis alternantibus, fere textura frondis, coloris magis
herbaceus, difformibus crassis cellulosis, intus peduncula prope
canalieulatis, et eo appressis ceterum ascendentibus, inferi-
oribus multo minoribus, axis vasculosa. unica donatis.

Pedunculus e sinu spathze tubulosz cellulose apice multi-
fide, et dilatatze erumpens filiformis peripheria albidus, intus

Centrum versus ruber crassus filiformis, post anthesin cito
attenuatus gracilis fere capillaceus, spatha androgyna.

Flos terminatis masculus semper externus quoad centrum
frondis, ab initio spatha omnino tecta tuncque pedunculus
curvatus, demum peduncul. elongato striato exsertus fit.

Perianth. nullum.

Stamina monodelpha, columna arcuatum, crassam fili-
form. basi utrinque processu celluloso initio rubro setaceo
epe apicem versus introrsum vel stamini contrarie genicu-
lat, filamento breviore stipatus, tertio interdum breviore dor-
“ali super addito paullo infra furcam filamenta.

. #ilam apice bifurcatum, propria brevia antheræ longitudine
S'abra ut commune leviaque. :

2t Anth. basin versus affixa 1-bilocularis cuique fi introrsz,
longitudinaliter dehiscentes fere didyme.

= Pollen leve composita e spherulis 2 connatis, et post

—SCentia nec separantibus.

Ovarium ovato-lanceolatum, eodem plana cum stamina

3880 MONIMIACEJZE.

exsertum, sed semper internum, obsolete 8-costatum, sepe
lzve.

Stylus nullus, stigma carnosum bilobum, subbilabiat. lobis
conico-subulatis, interiore semper longiore et inter antheras
flexo, saltem per anthesin.

Anth. loculis insertion. subobliquis, exteriore inferiore.

Ovar. nitidum l-loeulare, septis 2 longitudinalibus incom-
pletis, rubris, et e foliis carpellariis 2 format. quorum unicum
externum unum internum (ex situ stigmatorum.)

Placenta centralis ovato-conica, basi et apice tantum affixa,
undique ovulis tecta.

Ovula carnosa viridia! oblonga foramine obsoleto.

Tegumentum extus, cellulosum crassum, extus papulosum
obcellulos fluido repletos, iutus tenuissime membranacea,
moleculus minutas difformes, mobilis ut etiam extus, copiosa
continens, oblongum. -

apsula immatura in peduncula nudo gracila insidens, bre-
viter stipitata. Spath. nempe caduca etstamen et processus
setacea form ovarii 1-sulcat. nempe costze cuique folio carpella
5 et 6 exeorum marginibus ortis ideoque duplicatis.

MONIMIACEJ.

SARCODISCUS.
Sarcodiscus chloranthiformis, Gr. Pl. DXLV.

Flores feminei solitarii vel in pedunculo bi-szpius tricho-
tomo bi-ternarii. Pedicelli lutei clavati.

Involucrum urceolare, colore pedicellum, apice q uasi 4-
fid. laciniis biseriatis, 2 exter, 2 inter, subimbricat. intus
process. carnoso in unam connivent. deflexa, apertum in
æstivat. abturant: prædat. Stam. 0.

Ovaria filling the involucra, not numerous, uppermost
and largest arising from the wall of the urceolus, inner hom
fundus, opposite the outer smaller one. Ovaria conica 8

obs loa P

SARCODISCUS. 38l

lata, pressione subangulata pubescenti, l-locul. oval. 1, pen-
dulum ex apice loculi anatropum. Stylus substigma incon-
Spicuum.

Of this Sarcodiscres, I had only seen the fruit, at first,
it is aromatic with the habit of Chloranthus in some res-
pects, the ovaria strikingly remind one of Anonacez, its
aroma is also Anonaceous.

Frutex.

Internodiis elongatis ad folii articulos incrassat. fol. op-
positis exstipulatis, petiolis sub }-uncialibus subterete! sul-
catis, supra lamina elliptica, breviter cuspidato-acuminata,
crenulata vel subdentato serrata-subcoriacea.

Venis 2-dariis, oblique arcuatis cum supera quaque cons-
picui punctis, czterum reticulatis, venula centrali inter-
veniar. 2-darium conspicua.

Fructus axillaribus, subcymosis, pedunculo partiale quo-
que subclavat. subuncial. apicem versus lutescens, discus
magnus carnosus aureus subaurantiaceus, basi inferne pla-
niusculus, marginem versus intus cicatrisubus, circa marginem
Sepius lobulosus, lobulis apice ovariis vel perianthii lapsu ci-
catrisat. vel etiam in disco subirregulariter sitis.

Pedicelli fructigeri carnosi aureo-aurantiacei.

cis anguste ovatis, purpureo-czruleis, basi nudis, api-
cem styli reliquis inconspicue gerent, uniloculares, 1-sperma

. rne pallida, cellulosa.

| > pendulum, magnum, forma fructus; tegument.
chartaceo-membrana: cum fructu secedens, hinc apicem areo-

— litem (micropyle).

: aple lata, generally conspicuous as also broad, chalaza

t from coming way with the embryo.

Te copiosum carnosum extus præsertim supra
medium viridescens, apicem prope albo-areolatum (situ radi-
Cia). ,

eigo albus leviter curvatus subaxilis in album. dimid,

382 SALICACEJE.

Radicula longa clavata supera. Cotyledones ovate folia-
ces venose.
Sapor et odor contus piperaceus.
Perhaps in most of its characters it is Daphnaceous, in-
deed the leaves are not unlike those of Jenkensia.
l. Plant reduced 3 except fruit.
2. Fruit back view.
3. Ditto front.
4. Long section to. expose the seed, a hilum, 4 raphe, ¢
chalaza.
5. Long section through, the body of the seed, a tegument,
b albumen, c embryo.
6. Seed detached back view, æ funicle, very short, 4 ra-
phe, c chalaza.
7. Same, asit generally separates with only a part of the
tegument and raphe, and chalaza.
8. Ditto to shew the areola marking the site of the root.

9. Embryo.
.10. Ditto one Cotyledon removed.
Has. Malacca.
BALSAMACEJE.
BaLsAMIFLUA.

Balsamiflua deltoides, Pl. DXXVI. Itinerary Notes, p-2!!,
"A0. 73 .
Has. Affghanistan.

SALICACEJE.
PoruuLus.

Populus oeste Gr. Pl. DXLVI. Itinerary Note&
p. 172, no. 881.

E 383

PIPERACEJE.
i E : SCHIZONEPHOS.
E Schizonephos glaucescens Gr.
| a Caules articulati, articuli incrassates, fol. lanceolato-oblon-

= f petiola acuminata glaberrime. coriacea supra lucida, sub-
a . tus glauca, basin sub 3-venia, intra veniis reticulatis, conca-
| viusculis. !

| Spicis terminalibus pendulis compositis luteis, divisiones
| ftondiformi reniformes, breviter stipitati, margine anteriori
| fissze floriferz.

| Flores dioici masculi tantum visi, intra fissuram recondit
~ pilisque obsiti, uniseriati.

| Flos masc. e stamen 1, filamento crasso. Anthere termi-
nales biloculares longitudinal, dehiscent.

Aromatico pungens.

Haw. Malacca at Ching. Scandens in Abor. Nhingull.
Generally distinct from Piper; in the e bracteate flowers as
in the inflorescence.

Habitus Piperis,

CHLORANTHACEZ.

CHLORANTHUS.
Chloranthi sp, Pl. DXLVII.

The habit is that of Piperacee, the wood consists of a
Continuous System with many medullary rays, the vessels
are rather small, and the surrounding fibres punctuated.
The pith abounds in amylaceous? granules,

, ‘he external fibrous system is in juxta position with the
bark And consists of several fascicles of irregular sizes,
while the space between this and the ligneous system is
filled up by very soft cellular tissue.

384 CHLORANTHACES.

The cells of the cutes are sinuous, that of the under sur-
- face being alone stomatose.

The whole appendages of the axis are disposed in a regular
binary manner, the flowers are regularly and decussating-
ly opposite.

The number of anthers I take to be 4, the two lateral
ones being distinct, the intermediate lobe bearing two anthers ;
all these are quadrilocular, at least in the young state the
` upper loculi being much the smallest.

The ovarium is simple notwithstanding that the style can
scarcely be said to be oblique, the stigmatic cannal is distinct,

The ovulum is attached to the inner side with respect to the
axis and towards the summit, it is antitropous. The chie

enlargement of the ovary after fecundation takes place to-

wards its base, hence the scar by the falling off, caused of

the filament appears to be carried up, until it becomes nearly
rminal? :

The two coats of the ovule are distinct and the chalaza
conspicuous spreading over the base of the nucleus, which
adheres slightly to the inner integument.

It is the inner portion of the outer which subsequently
becomes the drupaceous coat, hence the micropyle should
be visible on it when mature. _

The excavation formed within the nucleus is lined by an
albuminary membrane excessively fine, it is in this that
the albumen is formed. The embryo isof late appearance.

The micropyle becomes indurated and somewhat mam-
iliform ; and is at this stage, which is before the appearances
of the embryo, green.

Fructus: ovati utrinque obtusi, spicati, basi bractei Squa-
miformi herbacei: coloris suffalti subbacati miniat. i

Pericarpium crassiusculum carnoso-fungosum, intus parce
venulosum, apice Migmatis arlene coronatum, et obliquuscu-
‘lum? 1-loculare.

Semen unicum ines 1 forma pericarpii sed utrinque
acutius,

i URTICACEA. 385

Tegument. album, durum subosseum, membranes 2 qua-
rum exterius tenuissime membranac, interius induratum.

Corpus album carnosum, succosum, hujus cavitatem omnino
replens, albumen. — -

Embryo minutus, in apice albuminis locatus, albus, sub-
globosus, superne bifidus.
. Radicula rotundata crassa.

Cotyledones minimze, sinulato.

. Assam. In sylvis Myrung: Nov. 12th 1835.

STILAGINACEA.

GyMNOBOTRYS.

Gymnobotrys sp. Pl. DXLVIII. Fig. I.
Has. Bootan.

URTICACEA.
Urtica. *

Urtica naucleiflora.

Frutex scandens, fol. alternis, oblongis basi cordatis acu-
minatis subrepandis, penninervus subtus reticulatis. Stipu-
lis deciduis lanceolatis? rubris. :

Inflorescentia ex axillis foliorum lapsorum capitulata, capi-
tulis globosis primo’ læte viridibus demum luteis in cymis

turies dichotomis, aromatica et suavissima odoratis dispo-

itis.

Pedunculis rubris. Bracteis magnis ovatis concavis, rubris
, extus papillosum,

er extus papillosum ad basin fere 4 partit. sepalis ovatis
“arnosis cucullatis, estivatione valvatis.
Stam. 4 basibus sepalor. inserti, iis opposite et iaculis sub-
be - Filam ovata carnosa breva. Anth. erecte bilocul.
longit," lateraliterque dehiscent. Pollen comb ovatum

386 . URTICACEA. à

leve, stylus 4-gonus compressus stigma complanato truncato
ilatat. Rud. ovarium parvum. `
Anth. loculi maculis sanguineis.
Has. In sylvis scandens. Ins. Madamaca: April, 1835,
An per 4 sepal, MAIN hypog yna?
HMM Cissi.

BÆHMERIA,
1. Behmeria melastomoidea, Gr. Pl. DLXIII. Fig. II.

Basi decumbens et suffrutecosa, scabra, pedalis vel bi-
pedalis.

Caulis ruber, Ho Sag subanceps, pilis scabris lineatum
dispositis asper, basi subteres.

Fol. (floralibus exceptis). opposita. linearia vel lanceo-
lato-linearia, acuminata acutiuscula, breviter petiolata, tri-
venia, marginibus hyalinis pilis ascendentibus scabris, albo-
punctata, venis secondariis transeverse anastomosantibus.

F. floralia alterna, infima subopposit. Petioli rubri.
Stipule f. caulinorum interpetiolares, demum decidue
floral. solutze, cuneato-ovat:ze scariosze, fuscze.

Flores monoici pauci in axillis aggregati, idee minutis
suffulti.

Masculi pedicellati, et presertim superiores fzemineis nu-
merosiores, floribus fzmineis comitantibus multo magis

ardiores.

Cal. 4-5 sepalus, sep. æstivatione valvata navieularia apice
intro fracto triangularia trianguli basi elevata carnosa pilis
uncinatis parcis pilosa, marcescentia, alabastra cyathiformia.

Stam. totidem his opposita :estivatione introflexa, demum
elastica dessilientia. Filam. carnosa subulata antica rugos?
et longitudinaliter striato-sulcata. Anthere basi affixz, bilo-
culares longit. lateraliterque dehiscentes membranacex, locu-
lis septo incompleto bilocellatis, Pollen album globosum
leve. Rudiment fæmin centrale conicum.

"— sessiles, Calyx herbaceus emarginatus sinu lato P

BAHMERIA, 387

compressus, postice convexus, antice centro alatus, hirtus.
Ovarium unicum ovatum acuminatum, l-loculare, ovulum

l, erectum foramen apicula. Stylus brevissimus. Stigma ma- -
ximum, incrassatum, pilis cellulosis simplicibus hispidissi s
deciduum, fasc. vasor. unicum tenue. .

Fructus calyce ampliato albo 3 rarius 4-alato inclusus,
calyce postice convexiusculo, 4-sulcato, rarius hinc alato
ale utrinque l-sulcato, emarginato, sinu angusto, antice
medio alato, et corolla papilionacea now male referentem,
glandulosus et hirtellis, ob obovatus, ater nitidus levissimus
stylo apiculatus.

Semen unicum erectum fructu conforme. Testa sub-
coriacea, e cellulis sinuosis conflata, tegument interius tenue
membranaso-cellulosum albumen carnoso-farinaceum.

. Embryo axilis rectus albus inversus. Radicula conica.

Cotyledones rotundatz, faciebus latioribus seminis paral-
ele. Plumula inconspicua. :

Has. Upper Assam. Suddyah: July 6th, 1836.

The ovula have two coats, the outer of which forms the
tegument of the seed, the sinuosus cells are developed from.
above downwards, this always separates with the pericarp.
The second integ. subsequently becomes united to the nu-
cleus and finally disappears.

. The albumen is developed within a very fiae membrane
formed with the cavity or excavation of the nucleus. It is
In an early stage attached to the base of the nucleus. The
embryo appears early.
a _ This forms an exception to the statement of Schlechtendal,
that Opposite leaves are never disjointed, male flowers arti-
culated on the apices of the pedicels. The pedicel being
_ Mone species persistent.

2 Cuar, GEN. alabastra masc. cyathiformia. Sepalorum
apices introfracti triangulares, basi elevata carnosa, cal.
fem, integer. evalvis emarginatus, frutus 3-alatus, alis latera-
libus majoribus, Fructus stylo persistente apiculatus.

Vix differt a Bzhmeria.

388 URTICACE.

Suffrutus, foliis caulinis oppositis, 3-veniis, stipulis inter-
petiolaribus, floralibus alternis. Flores in axillis aggregate
utriusqne sexus mixto.

. 2, Bahmerie sp. Pl. DLXIII. Fig. I. Itinerary Notes, p. i
' 216, no.

L Flos, mas.

2. Idem apertus.

3. Flos. fzemineis, cum ejus bracteis.
. 4. Idem apertus cum ovario aperto.

5. Fructus junior.

6. Ovulum. "
7. Fructus maturatus.
8. Semen.

A Ejas sectio longitudinalis.
0. Semen testa aperta. membrana interna peripheria em-

. bryonis cavitatem centro albuminis massam ostendens.
11. Embryo. |

Folia carpellaria cum sepalis alternant. signum est op-
positionem staminum sepalis minoris valoris esse signum
est etiam that whatever the number of series of stamina
may be, that the ovaria will rather have relations with its
sepals than with the innermost series of stamina.

Morus.

Morus acidosus Gr.

. Frutex ramosus virgatus 4-6 pedalis ramulis novellis bre-
vibus folia fructiferis.

Fol. breviter petiolata indivisa vel bi-trilobata ovata, cau-
data, acutissima cum mucrona argute serrata, serraturis mU-
cronatis interdum duplicatis teneriuscula, tactu retrorst
Scabra, glabra, basi 3-venia, venis -secondariis arcuatum.

nexis, primariis lateralibus exteme tantum sęcon
. intervenis quam maxima reticulatis, cauda integerrima.
Petioli sub i unciales, stipule cuduce.
| Gemma. , Sepissime ad latus pedunculor. semper-
que posticae vel interiores quoad ramum fulcientem.

FICUS. 389

Fructus; axillaris in pedunculis, subnutantibus, linearibus
pubescentibus, oblongis aggregatis rubris, sapore mori albæ
sed multo magis acidiora, lobato-rugosa, stylis stigmatibusque
persistentibus quasi echinata. *

Calyx fructus carnosus, sepala 4, cucullata, carnosa colo-
rata,

Pericarpium liberum ovatum, verticaliter compressum stylo
stigmatisbusque persistentibus his sphacelatis terminatum,
obliquum, tenuiter baccatum.

Semen unicum ovatum cU piel, pendulum pericarp.
adherens. Testa ossea fragila.

Tegument. interius albumen includens tenue membranacea,
albumen copiosum, carnosum album.

Embryo curvatus, vix axillis periphericus, approximatus

. Radicula longa, supera, teres, cotyledones subaequans.
Cotyledones cordate foliaceze plane, faciebus angustis se-
3 minis oppositze quoad axi plantae incumbentes.

Fumula inconspicua.

E Micropyle i inconspicua hilum prope.

1 E Has. Cheikwar in sylvis, communis est: April Sih, 1836.

Ficus.

l. Ficus sideroxylifolius, Gr. Pl. DLI Fig. 2.

Arbuscula cortice grisea fol. spathulato-obovatis ascendent.
‘Medium’ supra patentibus coriaceis subtus subferrugineis
2a axillar. binis (pedicell. leer paullo excedent)
ormi turbinatis.

. Malacca, Tanjong cling in arenis vel terrest. vel Epi-

2. Ficus falls:

Me vasta indefinite extendens ope supports e ramis
mni primarii emissis, Corona densa formosa, 100 pe-

390 URTICACE/E,

dalis. Rami inferni horizontali extendentes, superiores ob-
lique a decendentes.

Ramuli crassi compressi, Petiolis biuncialis, complanatis,
obsolete canaliculatis.

Folia elliptico-oblonga, breviter obtusque cuspidata sub-
repanda integerrime glabra, coriacea, basi subtrivenia, venis
secondariis arcuatim nexis, interstitiis reticulatis, plerumque
vena additoria central. reticulationes inferne parve.

Gemmz, conico, subulatz, 14 uncialis, squame velutine.
Vernatio involuto-convoluto.

Has. Bengal, near villages.

Oss. The glory of the genus as well of the Indian pu
There is absolutely no limit to this tree, which may either
continue simple, or by the destruction of the part of the
branches between the support and the trunk, it may become
subdivided.

Roxburgh calls the leaves ovato-cordate : : is this, therefore,
his plant ?

3. Ficus glabrus. :

Arbor magna, trunco parum sculpto, ramis patentissimis
vel ascendentibus, e radiculosis.

Internodiis abbreviatis. Petiolis subcomplanatis.

Foliis alternis oblongo, ovatis integris coriaceis, apice
rotundato obtuso, glabris levibus. ;

enis secondariis distinctis lutescentibus arcuatim nex —
interstitis reticulatis venis additoriis plerumque interjectis i
reticulatione inferne minima. La

Stipulis, uncialibus conico subulatis.

Fructibus axillaribus sessilibus, binis, aurantiaces lævissi-
mis, oblongo-rotundatis, umbilico minimo. .

B. Assam, Gowahatti in silvjs.

4. Ficus clemiun PL DIE Fig. E

Arbor. Rami annulati ramuliqui angulati.
Petioli breves supra desi et complanati.

FICUS. 391

Gemm:e conico subulatz 2 unciales.

Fol. obovata obtusa integerrima coriacea, venis additoriis
secondariis subzequalib. intro marginalibus distinctis, reti-
culatii inferne minimis, stomatosa portios reticulas excedens.

Fructus s:epius binati aliquando abortionem solitarii, ses-
siles in axillis subzloboso apice depressa, umbilico squamis
imbricatis 3, summis cum calyculicinis squamis alternant.

internis ʻintroflexis, basi calyce triphyllo imbricato cincto,

Saperficie verrucosula.

Calyx initio receptaculum omnino obtegens.
Habitus arboris Artocarpa integrifolia, quoad gemmz
ifere et foliatione accedit Guttiferis quibusdam.

- Ons. The consideration of the scales seen in such various

Situations on the parts of fructification of Ficus, would lead

us to suppose, that the receptacle is formed from the cohesion

of avast quantity of bractes. In the usual acceptation ;
the bractes must be supposed to be latent, otherwise the
flowers will bear no relation to the usual parts. In this

Species in the earlier stages the bractes exceed in bulk the

Size of the receptacle and this in still earlier stages does not,

I dare Say, exist. The matter will be at once. set at rest if
: hy species are found the flowers of which have a deter-

minafe relation to the bractes or scales.
AB. Assam.

5. Ficus elastica, Pl. DLII.

An immense tree, with the trank richly sculptured, and sup-
Ports thrown out from the bases only of the principal
es, which spread out horizontally.

x young branches are angular, the scars of the leaf buds
which are terminal are very oblique, scales, stipulae of
ve large membranaceoys, colored.

E Sp Tos the foot stalks are flattened, and

; Leara elliptical or ellipto-oblong cuspidate, acumina very

392 URTICACE.

entire, very smooth coriaceous, midrib large whitish, other
veins tolerably equal, parallel, the larger ones connected bya
distinct intromarginal vein, towards which the parallel veins
become evidently reticulate.

Flowers (young fruit) compound axillary sessile in pairs,
surrounded at the base by a fleshy cup, closed at the apex.

6. Ficus affinior Pl. DLIII.

Arbor crescentia et habitu omnino Fici affinis.

, Petiol 24 uncialis basi incrassato supra canaliculata,

Fol tremule alterna ovulo-oblonga vel subelliptica plus
minus repandum subito cuspidato acuminata, coriacea utrin-
que glabra venatio Peepuli, reticulationes inferne minutis-
sime. Gemmæ brevissime conica.

Fructus in spicas nudis densuisculis disposit sessiles.

Fructus; bini sessiles in axilis, sepe ob foliorum dejectu
spicati, globoso-turbinati, punctis sublcavatis lutescentibus
notat. basi calyculo tridentato cincte. Umbilico clausa, squa-
mis extimis ternis.

This description refers to the real jooree or Ficus affinis of
Gowahatti.

The growth is exactly that of Peepul and Jooree it is a lac
tree; it differs from Peepul in the shape of the leaves and want
of tail, from Jooree in the coriaceous nature of the leaves,
their shape and sudden cuspis.

The habit is similar to that of the Peepul, for which the
tree may easily be mistaken, the shape and chartacious
nature of the leaves are however obvious distinctions.

This tree has the same growth and sculptured stems, the

net work its roots form is often extraordinary ; and in one

instance I have seen a large tree entirely surrounded with

a flattened-out root. Such trees always soon die: attempts are

sometimes made to throw down a continuation of the
and cortical growth.

BoR E c NUNC SPON Sp tae Mee ae a

FICUS. 393

7. Ficus peepul.

Arborea, trunco composito, interdum puro reticulato,
cortice alba glabra.

Ramuli teretiusculi, gemmz semuncialis subulatze.

Folia longe petiolata, petioli teretiusculi apicem versus
canaliculati basi interdum sub } torti.

Fol. deltoidea, longe cuspidato-acuminata, fere caudata,
lateribus basi rotundata undulata chartacea basi sub 5-venia
venis secondariis distinctis et distincti arcuatum nexis se-
condariis 4, infimis externe ramosis, minute reticulata subtus.
Fructus in ramulis foliis expers, bini et sessiles in axillis,
approximat. ita ut spicum mentiunt. turbinato-globosa sunt
Verrucioles albis, viridibus ceterum glabris, basi calyculo
ternato inconspicuo.

Umbilicus omnino clausus sequamis tribus externis al-
ternantibus eum calyculo, interioribus plurimis introflexis.
Has. Assam. Tezpoor.

The trunk varies much : generally several and all united,
and really arborescent, occasionally clasping large trees,
When are then reticulate.

8. Ficus sp. Pl. DXLIX. Itinerary Notes, p. 111, no 145.
Has. Bootan.

9. Ficus teminaloides, Pl. DL. Itinerary Notes, p. 101,
no, 33,

Has. Bootan.

. 10. Ficus sp. Pl. DLXI. Fig. I. Itinerary Notes, p. 166,
no. 857.

. stat, orescence contained in one axilla (in a young
2, a longitud. section.

3. Ditto Flower.
4 Inflorescence nearly matured.

+

394 URTICACEÆ.

4a. Vertical view, shewing the umbilicus.

5. Ditto longitud. section.

6. Subsessil fruit half matured.

6a. Stalked do.

7. Longitud. section of a fruit.

Has. Bootan.

ll. Ficus papyrifera, Gr. Pl. DLIV. Fig. 1l.

Arbor mediocris, trunco albo parum sculpto, ramis nutan-
tibus, novellis flexuosis.

Foliis alternis elliptices longe cuspidatis obtusis chartaceo.
coriaceis integerrimis, venis secondariis tenussimis arcuatim
nexis quam additorus vix magis conspicuis vena intromar-
ginalis distincta.

Fructus axillaris, solitarius globosus, pallidus, pomi parvi
magnitudinem, umbilico squamulis minutis clausa.

pepe. subulatis viridibus brevibus.

tenacissimus,

Pus Assam. Gowahatti in sylvis collinis.

12. Ficus pellucido-punctata, Gr. Pl. DLIV. Fig. I.

Arbor robusta, breviuscula, corona densa, lata.

Ramuli compresso-angulati.

Petiol. semuncialis, profunde canaliculat. fol. obovata,
vel sub ovata, obtuse cuspidato-acuminata integerrima, pel-
lucido-punctata venis indistinctis, exceptis secondariis, reti-
culatione inferne magnis.

Fructus, rubescentis sessilis, binati, abortu solitaria sub-
rotunda basi tribracteat. umbilico, semii aperto, cerasi par-

vi magnitud-gl

This has the gem epiphytical growth.

Has. Assam Gowahatti in sylvis.

13. Ficus aurantiaceus, Gr. Pl. DLIV. Fig. I.

Ficus scandens radicans caulis compressis utrinq!?
centro sulcatis, ramuli alternantes elongati, Gemm* un

conspicua subulatz.

NEW TELES nT ae NE

FICUS. 395

Folis oblongo-ovatis brevi petiolatis obtusis integris

vel obovatis basi attenuatis, coriaceis subtus pallidis sub-
pilosis with couspicuous white often binary spots (stomata)
tactu aspera verruculis plurimis albis petiolis pilosis.

Fruits (anthodium) axillaribus from a short knob-like
branch solitary pendulous obovate subpedunculate (pedun-
culis about 4 inch long) at the base of its stalk with 3 sub-
cordate bracteate scales, and a mamillate umbilicus at the
apex; at first the colour is orange, then deep blackish purple
when it is deliquescent.

Flowers of both sexes long-stalked, stalks white. Anth.
oblong, lilac or white and transparent. Stigma bipartite
acute, style oblique seed pendulous oblong with a thick
white margin especially at the micropyle. Inner tissue or
membrane elastic, albumen sub. 0, radicle moderata.

Has. On trees, Malacca, between Rhim and Ayer Punus.

M. Ficus mangiferifolia, Gr. Pl. DLV. Fig. I.

ipee corona densa, habitu mangiferz nou com-

ET 2-34 unciales, graciles subcomplanato supra sul-

"Fu lanceolato-oblonga, repanda, cuspidato-acuminata,

acumina semi-torto, chartacea glabra venatio ordinaria reti-
culationes inferne minutissime areolis punctis pellucidis 2-3
distinctissimis, sublente.

Gemmz ovate, soe coriaceze brunneze.

Hag, Assam. Beyllot
15. Ficus intermedius, Gr. Pl. DLVI. Fig. II.

Arbor magna,
Cortice ramorum cinerea. Ramuli petioli foliaque subtus
Scabrelli,

: Petioli teretes supra lineali a lineales. Gemma minime
nie subulate petiolis breviores.

396 URTICACEJE.

Fol. alterna oblonga vel obovato-oblonga basi sepe in-
‘qualia longe et obtuse cuspidata integra chartaceo-coria-
cea supra levia glabraque interveniis subconvexis, venatio
secondar. valde distincta arcuafim nexa additoria subnulle,
tertiarie grandes, direction sepius transverse reticulationes
ultimz minime.

Fructus pedunculat. szpius (abortu) solitarii in axillis
pedunculis petiolo paullo longiorib. basi pluri-squamati scabro-
hirti, uti superficies fructiis globosi, verrucis irregularibus
ochroleucis, umbilico subaperto succus fere aquosus cortex
tenax

16. Ficus millingtonifolia, Gr. Pl. DLVI. Fig. I.

Arbuscula.

Ramuli cinereo-ferruginei compressi.

Petioli concolores puberule complanati supra canalicu-
lati semunciales,

Gemm:e subulate, acute. Folia interdum subopposita
obintermod. abbreviationem brunnez, puberulz.

Fol. obovato-oblonga subrepanda cuspidato-acuminata sub-
caudata, integra chartacez utrinque glabra, supra sublucida,
venatio ordinaria secondarize subdistincti nex, intervenia
harum supra clavata, reticulationes inferne majuscule. __

Ons. Ficus caudatz affinis, sed distincta, verruculis nullis,
petiolis complanatis, foliorum forma, et acumniatione, €t
glabratione, et habitu.

Has. Assam. Beyttollah.

17. Ficus caudata, Pl. DLVII. Fig. I.

Scandens in arboribus ramuli verruculis uti petioli €
asperat. subteretes,

Petioli compressi supra canaliculati semi torti.

Fol. oblonga magnitudinem varii, 2-4 uncialia vel etiam fere
pedalia, integra, subtus tactu aspera, subito longeque cusp

RI eae ae a eS a ek te EMEN Im

FICUS. 397

Venatio ordinaria, interveniis plerumque subullatis, basi
subtrivenia reticulationes inferne minimze, :
Gemm:e breves bilineales brunnez, uti petioli ramulique.
Has. Assam. Gowahatti.
Distinct, especially on account of the compressed. not
flattened petioles.

1 18. Ficus longipes, Gr. Pl. DLIX. Fig. II.

Frutex scandens.

Ramuli compressi, folia ovata coriaceo-chartacea, integra
subacuta, venatio-ordinaria, reticulation infra minima.

imme conice breves, 2 lineales.

Fructus, axillares, solitarize abortu in pedunculis, unciali-
bus petiolos } excedentibus apicem bracteatis, ovato-globosa,
cerasi parvi magnitudine, umbilico annulo cincto, clauso,
aurantiaceis, glabra, pedunculi infra incrassata ascendentes.

icatrix inflorescentie secundze distincti in axillis.

Has. Assam. Gowahatti.

19. Ficus sclerocarpa, Gr. Pl. DLVIII.

Arbor

Pubescente hirta. Ramuli robusti. Venation of the corolla
perfect, monopetalous.

Petiolis rotundatis. Folia longe petiolata cordiformi-
Orbicularia breviter et obtuse cuspidata remote et in-
Conspicue serrata, utrinque hirta basin 5-venia, sub-
cartacea venze secondarie distincte minute margine at-

fingentes, tertiarie secondarii intermediarum arcuate, Cæ-
terum transverse varie reticulate.

Fructus : maximus diametro 3-4 unciali late turbinati longe
Pedunculati, hirto umbilico maximo, aperto ore mo,
dura inedules,

Pedunculo clavato apice squamigero. -
Section different, but allied to Redvoretas Ficus macro-

3 His. Anm Gowahatt in Sylris.

398 URTICACEJE.

20. Ficus bistipulatus, Gr. Pl. DLIX. Fig. I.

Frutex erectus, 6-8 pedalis. Rami robusti, corpore
ligneo parco, medulla ampla.

Fol. alternis, petiolis rubris, uncialibus supra lineato-
canaliculatis, oblonga basi subcordata acuminato-cuspidata
repanda, pubescente hirta supra tactu scabra, venatio
ordinaria duobus infimis secondariis basi approximatis, ideo-
que, fol. trivenia, venis rubro-tinctis, vernatio conduplicata.

Stipule membranaces, stipulis urticeis similis duo per-
sistentis. -

Fructus: bini abortive solitarii in axillis, pedunculati,
pedunculis petiolo 4-plo brevioribus, medium versus arti-
culates ibidemque tribracteatis, turbinata rubra, punctis irre-
gularibus albidis, umbilico annulo obsolito cinct.

Has. Assam Tezpore sylvis squamis clauso.

This belongs to a very different section characterised by
its large medulla, leaves hairy on both sides, with membranous
distinct stipules, and terrestrial habit.

21. Ficus oppositifolia, Gr. Pl. DLX.

Frutex arbusculoideus robustus,

Ramuli teretes crassi medulla magna contracta fistulosa
scabrida.

Folia opposita petiolis vix uncialibus, subteretibus ob-
l i cordatis novella brunneo-pubescent. obsolete

dentatis cuspidato-acuminatis, tactu utrinque scaberrimis

venis omnibus infere prominulis,

Gemm: mediocres, conico-subulate, stipule membran.
caduce, discretze binæ.

Fructus in racemis axiliaribus. abreviatis, squamatis €
pius binatim aggregat. pedunculis 2-3 linealibus, globos?
turbinalis, subscabris interdum subcostata costis squat
circum. umbilicum respondentibus basi calyculo trisep?

cincti, apice squamato, squamis carnosis pluribus umbili :

— an affinis F, laminosz.

bo, Se TS

FICUS. 399

In aquosis ad margines syl varum.

Has. Assam, Gowahatti : December.

This species comes very near to Ficus laminosa, especially in
the stipulation and shape of the leaves, it is the only one with
opposite leaves yet known ; Jenkins tells me that Ficus carica
has been grafted on it.

3 I consider this genus to prove absolutely that stipule
. * are mere scales of buds, and that they are not necessarily
[ double organs.

In this speceis if they are double orgaus, we must assume
their coalescence, of which there is no trace.

The fruit of Ficus is entirely analogous to those Compositz,
Whose receptacle is quite naked, the outer ones being involu-
cra, and as it were carried up and closed over the re-
ceptacle.

22. Ficus rubifolia, Gr. Pl. DLVII. Fig. III.

Scandens radicansque hirsuta scabra.

Folia cordato-ovata indivisa vel tri quinque loba more
Rubi vel Hederz. í
Squame persistentes duz membranacez.
à Fructus longe pedunculata ovato unceolato hirsuta apice

Pedunculi uncialis petiolas excedentes, apice bracteati.
F. heteroplylle accedens.
Has. Assam Gowahatti.

23, Ficus apocyneoideus, Gr.

_ Frutex repens in arboribus caule, petiolis, foliisque subtus

pubescent,

.. Petioli breves 4 uncialis supra plani.

. Folia opposita! lanceolata, vel sepius lanceolato-ovata

obtuse acuminata, integra chartacea, supra glabra. Venatio
Ordinaria, secondariis distincti nexis stomatose portion in

400 URTICACE®,

Cilize inter petiolares distinctz.
Procul dubio igitur Apocynea vera.
Has. Assam Tezpore in arboribus.

24. Fici sp. Pl. DLVII. Fig. II.
Has. Bootan.

25. Fici sp. Pl. DLXI. Fig. II. Itinerary Notes, p. 137,
no. 594.
Has. Bootan.

ARTOCARPUS.

1, Artocarpus cuspidatus.
Arbor.
Ramuli robusti ferrugineo-hirti, uti petioli: gemmæ, fo-
liaque subtus ad venas.
Petioli teretes subunciales.
Fol. obovata vel sepius obovato-oblonga, obtusissimo uno
tiz pi ginata, integra, minora interdum apice den-
tata coriacea, dura, &cabra, v. 2 dariis obliquis rectiusculis, intra
marginem arcuatum nexis v. ven. intromarginal. commun.
Fructus axillaris subsessilis, globosus irregulariter hori-
zontalis, covered with innumerable scabrous long points
from conical angular bases, from the irregular way in
which these points are disposed, not all radiating from a com-
mon surface, the fruit would look outside as if it were
composed of many concrete capituli,
When ripe if opened or torn across, it separates into a glo-

bose receptacle densely crinite; these crina are the styles of

the abortive pericarpia, few of which are at all enlarged, still

fewer seed-bearing. The rest is fleshy, while the concrete —
perianths each presents a channel occupied previously by
the style, each perianth ends in the point before mentions:

Frui itlets large, oblong with an apiculus, baccate

an agreeable subacid flavor, inner layer nembranous and

very thin, to this the pulpy tissue is attached,

uo ee es ioe ea

ARTOCARPUS. : 401

Pericarp relatively small, oblong, whitish, with an ob-
solete longitudinal line along both faces, a chartaceous thick-
ish white covering distinct from the membranous one to which
the baccate part is attached, seed pendulous oblong brown
with a 4 complete raphe, beautiful and palmately branched
atthe chalaza, the branches all converging over micropyle.
Tegument 1, thin and membranous.

Albumen 0. Cotyledons fleshy plano-ciuven, radicle very
short next the hilum.

Has. Malacca Verupha Aloor Gagal of the Malays, 4
echinatus Roxb. Tampooni.

.2. Artocarpus, sp.

- Arbor humilis, corona patento, ramulis petiolisque plum-
| beo-viridibus velutinis, stipulis ovatis, parvis, fol. oblongis
basi oblique cordatis repandis breve acuminatis subintegra,
Supra glabris, subtus reticulatis scabrisque. Inflorescentia
axillaris, spadicibus masculis. ochroleucis,. cellulosis, breve
SONNIN oblongis, fæm. vel segregat vel 2 confertis vel
mixtis, junioribus globosis, longius pedicillatis vi-

ib
. Spad. mascul, intus cellulose, mollis, indique floribus
. monandris tectis.
pom. 3-sepal. sepal. spathulato-concavis.
. Anthera I, rarissima 2, exserta bilocularis. Filam. subulato-
conicum corpora conic. capit. peltato margine glanduloso ci-
liato forib. masculis immixtis.

æm. spadix papillosa squamis ciliatis, crebris iriters-
persum,

Per. ovar. supra omnino confluent. massum continum
fatnos. formant. Stylus erumpet. Stigma longe exsert.
Simplex, Ov. libera l-locular. l-ovulat. ovulo pendulo a la-
“fe apices loculi, foram. conspicui superum hilum prope.
; eek SIMA parvus verrucosus ovar. plurima abor-

A 3

402 ' URTICACE.

Succus lacteus presertim spad, fem. masculi folior, ra-
mulorumque, aquo lacteus. |

Has. Mergue: Feb. 1835.

Fol. juniora livida.

3. Artocarpus integrifolia.

Arbor altiuscula, demissius ramosa.

Ramulis cicatricibus stipularum notatis viridescent. verru-
cis castaneis crebris. Fol. petiolata obovata integra coriacea,
penninervia supra lucida glabra infra reticulata pallida, tactu-
que scabra. Stipule diphylle, fol. oblonga membranacea
albido-brunnesc. apicibus convoluto-concavis spadicis folia-
que juniora involvent, decidue.

Spadicis utriusque sexus conformes.

as. oblongo-ovata basi involucra rudimentar. pluriden-
tato stipat. syperficio elevationibus frequentissimis et papil-
loso-crystillina undique floribus masculis tectze.

Per. tubulos. pubescens apicem plus minus bifidum.

Filam. columnuve exserti crassum. — Anthera bilocularis
longitud. lateraliterque dehiscent. Pollen lave. Spadix mas-
culis fere exsuccus, fem. succo lacteo plena, extus muricatisi- 1
mus, |

Per. cylindraceum ad medium. inter se coalit. bases
tubuloso, apices angulate carnose subsolide, stylo tantum
perforat.

Stylus obliquis filoformis, Stigmata simplex. Ov. l-loculare
l-ovulat. ovula pendulo a basin styli foramen ad apicem ovuli
conspecui. ;

Culta circa Mergue frequentiss : Floret Dec. Jan. Per 23
pump Stam. longitudine perianthii Descriptio fructus

cur,

403

Dorstenia.

Dorstenia sp.

Frutex humilis, ramulis angulatis petiolisque pedunculis-
que breve et fusco-pubescent. fol. breve petiolata cuneato-
obovata cuspidata coriacea, integra marginibus cartilagineis,
subtus ad nervos tactuque scabris, stipulis setaceis pubescent.
Inflorescentia capitata, capitulis — longiusculi-pedunculatis
axillaribus patentibus solitariis. Peduncula tortilo, floribus
inconspicuis albis.

Involucrum sub 4-partit. foliolis patentibus subacuminatis.
Receptaculum carnosum auperficien albido pubescente, flores
omnino recond.

Flores Mas. Per. O, nisi receptaculi excavationes.

Stam. 2, libera per superficien demum erumpent, filam.
filiforme papillis cabrella. Anth. biloculares, membranacez,

itud. dehiscent. Pollen lave angulorum, flores peri-
pherices primas dehiscent.
.. Capitulis declinus form. duplo longius pedunculatis, pen-
dulis apices versus majus incrassatis.

Involcr. 5-6 partit. laciniis angustioribus, primo in super
Teceptata conniventib.

Receptacula ut in marib. stylus subulatis stigmatibusque
simplicibus perforat. Perforatio pilis albis cincta.

—.. Ovar. in substantia receptac. recondit. nidulansque.
EUM obliquus, l-spermo, ovula pendula ab apice foramen

: ate compositus difformis, involuc. laciniis recurvis,
E ollis, ovaria plura alba Coryli magnitudinem parieti-
carnosi:
Semen Pelei ovario conforme, testa celluloso mem-
a hilum versus incrassata, et brunneo-lutescens. Albu-
pn Cotyledones crassz, carnose; plano-convexe.
on infera brevissima obtussim. Plumula subcon-
Spine, Cotyledones saporis dulcis vix lactescens, fructu in-
tantum excepto, -

404 , HENSLOVIACER.

Hab. Mergue. In sylvis. Ins. Madamacca: January, 1835.

An receptaculi flores recondiens vel perianthia capitato
unius omnino accreta. *

Omnia Dorstenie, habitu stigmateque simplici Mene
an stigma vere simplex.

Urtice sp. Pl. DLXII. Fig. III.
Has. Tongsa Bootan.
Batis spinosa, Pl. DLXII. Fig. I.

HENSLOVIACE.

HensbLovia.

Cal. 5 fissus, laciniis ovatis acutis. Pet. 0. Stam. 5 laci-
niis calycinis alternis. Filam. brevia incurva. Anth. bilocu-
lares, (connectivo magno) longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ova-
rium biloculare loculis poto de. Stylus filiformis.

Stigma capitatum papillosum.

Arbores foliis oppositis TE abrupti desinentibus, floribus
racemosis inconspicuis. Ordo naturalis ignotus.

Habitus Jasminearum R. Br. Duz species note, H. pu-
bescens quam delineavi in opere Wallichiano et H. glabra.

Henslovia pubescens Pl. DLXIV. Fig. II.

Arbor elegans.
Ramis determinato-ramosis, ramulis compressis sub 4g ——
nis, glabris, fol. oppositis breve petiolatis ovatis obtusis vel
obtuse acuminatis repandis anm supra lucidis glabertimis
subtus pallidis penninervus. :
Inflorescentia BBRA N L paniculis nempe race"
mosis ad apices ramorum sepius nudorum confertis.
Racemis oppositis szpius deorsum flexis (pedunculo com- Ee
. mune erecto,) cylindricis, subplumosis, multifloris, floribus M
dioicis parvis læte viridescentibus odore ingrato. po
Bractea lanceolata primo viridia cito sphacelata ad basin
corun racemi, |

HENSLOVIA. 405

Pedunculis, pedicellis calycibusque extus pubescentibus.

Per. basin latum subcyathiforme, 5-fidum, laciniis late
ovatis acuminatis, estivatione valvatis intus ad basin pub-se
cens, pilosumque. Pilis albis in cristis 10 dispositis, cristis
alternis ad filam. bases laciniarum currentibus. Pet.

Stam. 5 perigyna, sinubus perianth. paululum infra
inserti, libera. Filam. zestivatione inflexa, filiformia, Con-
.néctirum carnosum. Anth. bilocalares, basibus affixis, bi-
locul. loculis linearibus marginalibus longit. lateraliterque
dehiscent. ^ Pollen lanceolato-ovata leve hinc sulcatum.
Rad. ovarium centrale bilocul. ovulorum rudiment. plura, mi-
nima, Stylus 0. Stigma capitatum.

, Zstivatio perianth primo valvato sed cito aperto fit.

"^ Bud.

2. Do. more advanced.

3. Flower.

4. Do. vertical view. Filament cut across above exser-
tion, shews the hairs of the perianth running in lines
to the stamens and sepals.

9. Anther front view.

^ . 6. Do. extrorse.
: 7. Do. burst.
~ Pollen.

9. Long section of the perianth and ovarium, rudiment

glanduloso-pubescens
Fructus Pl. DLXII. Fig: III, bilocularis capsularis lato-
-ovatus velutinus basi calyce filamentisque persistentibus sti-
. Pitat. apice bivalvis, valvis splitting along the style, but
. remaining attached by the stigma! valvis medio septiferis.
Semina 00, plura abortientia, transversim, placentis affixa,
ovata. Testa brunnea reticulata, dorso cristata, crista in
-apicula producta. Tegument. interius membranac. tenuis-
simum, Albumen 0. Embryo cellulosum orthotropus. Co-
Ay e _ plano-convexiusculze e;
| Radicula Fats obtusissima hilum spectans, Plumulo in-

406 HENSLOVIACEA.

conspic. Chalaza parva. Raphe cristiformis fibrosa, ultra
apicem producta.

a. Capsule.

b. Capsule opened throughout.

»

mbryo.
d. Embryo, cotyledon removed.
. Seed long section.

Jf- Seed, g. ditto dorsum. ;

Foliatio Oleacearum (Br.). Inflorescentio Combretacea-
rum cui etiam accedit. Staminibus estivatione inflexis.
Anthere Euphorbiacez.

Has. Mergue in sylvis : Nov. 1834.

2. Henslovie, sp. Pl. DLXIV. Fig I. á |

Descr. Arbor magna; ramis teretibus griseis, nodis
incrassatis; ramulis brunnescentibus abruptis, brevibus et
sæpius ut videtur diphyllis. H

Folia breve petiolata, oblonga, basi cordata, coriacea sæpius
leviter conduplicata obtusa, long. sub. 4-unc. lat. 2-unc. ven
secondariis arcuatim nexz, interveniis reticulatis, reticulatio
superne valde distincta et depressa, subtus pallide virides-
cente margine cartilaginea recurva.

Petioli subbilineati crassi, transverse rugosi. r

Racemi in paniculum brevem dispositi ortam ex axili. |
fol. laps. oppositi, szpe 5 panicule unius, (aliquando pa-
nicule 2-3 fasciculate) spithamez vel pedales, pendule
vel nutantes brunneo-puberuli.

Pedicelli subclavati, per breves basi bractea minutissime
pedicello duplo breviore suffult.

Flores numerosi, rubescentes, subglobosi: extus brunneo-
puberuli, alabastra conica e basi hemispherica.

Cal. ad medium 5-partitus ; laciniis conniventibus
lari, ambitu acutis, zestiv. valvat. tubus intus albidus piens
bc sub parce ares as if lined by the st

SAS ESC ee ae eg

SCEPACEJE. 407

Stam, 5, fauci inter sinus inserti, filamenta alba apice
caruea, zstivat. introflexo-arcuata.
Connectivum pallide roseum, longit. sulcatum, as though
the filam were of two combined. Anthera citius an un-
' quam erectz, didyma, vel reniformis : loculi brunneo-purpurei
angusti. Pollen album.
Ovarium subhemisphericum, conicum pubescenti-pilosum ;
triloculare! basi lata affixum, nullo modo inferum.
Stylus robustus filiformis demum | staminibus paullo bre-
vior, trisuleatus, viridis, medio plumbeo tinct ; precociter
exserlus.

Stigma truncatum, subtrigonum obtuse pervium.
Ovula 00, placentis axilibus carnosis affixa anatropa,
sessilia, erecta vel ascendentia.

Has. Malacca.

Oss. I see no reason why this genus should not range in
or near Lythrarie, in which apetalous forms are not un-
common, and which indeed is pointed out by the frequent
minuteness of the ,petals, and the coloration of the calyx,
Hug situation of the stamens may be an objection, but this

18 perhaps explainable. The structure of the seeds is the
Same, and altogether the sum of the characters is Lythra-
reous,

SCEPACE.E.
-— Scepacea.

Ramuli teretes albidi novelli subangulati.

Folia alterna, stipule decidue, petiolus sub 4-linealis
utrinque incrassatus, lamina dependens ut plurimum leviter
conduplicata oblonga vel sublanceolata mucranato-cuspi-
data integra, long. 4-4 4 unc. lat. 1-7 lin. carnoso-subcoria-
fea, venis secondariis arcuatim nexis, interveniis reticulatis,
the reticulation is most evident underneath.

408 ANACARDIACEA.

Spice axillares subbiunciales,- pubescentes in peduncu-
lum abbreviatum insert. ideoque racemose, racemis inter-
dum plus quam ]. Bractee lanceolate — brunneo-pube-
rule subbinz ad basin spicz cujusque, initio imbricata.

Bracteola pallidiora velutina minuta sub florem quemque :

concava.
Flores minuti undique insert. Sepala bracteolis similia, sub 4,
minuta pubescentia, leviter imbricata.

Stam 4, sepalisopposita; hypog. filam subulata alba sepalis -

sub 3-plo longiora stricta : Anthere didymz erecta, longit.
dehiscentes lunulato reniformes extrorse.

Glandule 4, crassa angulati-sublobata, sepalorum longi-
tudine inter posite filamentes.

.Rudimentum Pistilli centrali-capitatum, sepala paullo
Superans.

nee stamina are geaoraly 4, but sometimes not unfrquent-
ly

valide and alternation of parts, Pl. DLXV, g. Fig
IV. A. glands. -

E Malacca: January 24th, 1845. ,

AN ACARDIACEJ.
Anacardium occidentalis. Pl. DLXV. Fig. III. e. Ps

Cal. irregulariter 5-sepalus, sepalis zstivatione imbricatis.
Pet 5, lineari-acuminata, staminum annuli basin inserta, Me-
dium supra reflexa, zestivatione imbricata velutina.

Stam. 10 hypogyna inzqualia postico majore exserto.

Filamenta filiformia basin versus in eupulam ovarii basin

cingentem coalita, apicibus nigrescentib. constrictis. Anth.
medium versus affixze, biloculares, longit. lateraliterque dehis-
cent. Stylus subulatus longe exsertus..Stigma subcapitatu"m-

Ovarium superum l-loculare, l-ovulatum, ovalo subre” ond

niforme, transverse situm, funiculo laterale (nec
sustento, snap hilum pope,

d d p pda Gh T ML. NM Pe ll ME a eae

SYNDESMIS. ; 409 .

Pollen ovatum lzve hinc sulcatum lividum. f. ovarium and
. ovule in situ from a bud. e. ovule separated.

Has. Mergue: Nov. 1834

MELANORRILEA.

Melanorrhee sp.

Arbor excelsa florifero formosa, fol. ad apicem ramulor.
confertis, oblongo-obovatis integris coriaceis reticulatis, Pa-
nieulis terminalibas axillaribusque, thyrsoideis, floribus nu-
merosis albis odoratis.

Cal. calyptreformis, integer. basi ad anthesin circumscissa
calyptratimque decidua reticulato-venulosis pubescens.

t. 5, hypogyna patenta, ' lineari-lanceolata post anthesin
ampliatissime, utriculataque et foliacea. Torus staminiferis
incrassatis, subglobosusque. Stam. 00, libera.

Filam. subcapillaria ad medium usque parce pilosa. Anth.
subversatiles biloculares.

Gynophorus ultra stamin. basin fonge productus, post
anthesin etiam productior ovar. ad apicem ejus.

Stylus brevis subulatus, subobliquus, quoad exsertio,
nempe non omnino apiculis. Directione obliqua. Stigma,
capitat,

Ovar, l-loculare, l-ovulatum. Ovulum funiculo brevi la-
teraliter ad basin loculi affixum, foram. hili prope.

Has. Mergue. In ids Ins. Madamaca, Dec. 1834.

SYNDESMIS.

l. Syndesmis coarctatus, Pl. DLXVIL. Fig. I.

; Fructus; ; cernuo-penduli cymosi, cymis pseudo-lateralibus,
= oppositifoliis, pedicellis robustis clavatis subfastigiatis
MM basi annulo elevato undulato utrinque caules-
Mi. et annulum verticale completi efformant. annulo
rticali simplice, latere uno ventrale magis evoluto, at the
outer ied throwing out irregular ridges.

B 3

410 ANACORDIACE.

Epicarp. coriaceum, papilloso-verrucosum. Mesocarp.
spongioso-fibrosum album. Endocarpium chartaceum, semini
adherens,

Semen erectum, tegumento vix' vere solubil. when the

seed is separated it appears extremely veiny, the veins aris-
ing from a short 4th complete raphe, and nearly meeting
on the opposite side of the seed.

Albumen

Embryo maximus. Cotyledones inzquales carnosz sub-
hzmisphzricze, applied faces intus rosaceo-tincte.

Radicula brevis, slighty curved on the commissure of the
cotyledons. Radicular face of the cotyledons with a smooth
rather flat difform surface. .

: Plumula conspicua corresponding nearly in pe with
the radicle.

Succus cito nigrescit. i

a, €, h. Radicle

b, d, i. Plumula. =,

g. Inner view of fruit or endocarp.

J. Spongy fibrous mesocarp.

e. Epicap.

AB. Malacca.

The inequality of the cotyledones, appears general, as also
the curious difference in the surface, and the waved irregular
line marking off the two.

The vascularity of the tegument is perhaps at the maximum.

2. Syndesmis sp.

Arbuscula, ramis albidis, fol. lanceolato-oblongis, breviter
petiolatis ad apices ramorum confertis, coriaceis subin-

tegris obtuse acuminatis glabris, penninerviis.

Paniculis cymosis terminalibus solitariis vel seepius 25. A
confertis, pedunculis presertim. secondariis compressis. ict
—

| | ranaceis deciduis, ovatis, floribus numero-
sis, suaviter ‘lors, albis, calyce miniato.

A aM: C St
eor d poo NT EP EORR d

ONE. NEE

Gadea a ee | a a a a aa

"
EUER ee APUNTES NC TT

i

ASTROPETALUM. ` 41 l

_ Cal. tubo subcylindrico edentato? hinc ad anthesin longi-
tudinaliter fissa, sub 3-fidoque.

Pet. subzqualia lineari-spathulata calyce fere 2-plo lon-
giora, apicibus revolutis, hypogyna, a mediis infra tubo
stamineo ? adnata, estivatione imbricato.

Stam 3 usque ad medium in tubo gynophoro adnato coalito,
tubo petalis cohzrente exserta. Filam, libera facta petalis
alternantia subzequalia filiformia. Anth. erectze basibus affixce
biloculares longit. dehiscent. Pollen ovatum leve hinc sulcat,

Stylus lateralis, filiformis staminibus longior. Stigma sub-

' capitatum l-sulcatum, subbifidumve.

Ovarium longe stipulat. centraliter inter filament. situm,
ovato-globosum, 1-loculare, l-ovulatum, ovulo ascendente
funiculo sublaterali brevi sustento, foramen ad hilum ad fan-
dum loculi spectans.

Has. In sylvis, Mergue: no. 675. Nov. 1384. :

Pet. interdum 5. Stam. semper 4. Pet. distincto tubo sta-
mineo adnata, fol. impunctata genital. interdum abortientia
floribusque, igitur polygamus ; eresinosa.

Anacardiacee cui habitu et structura ovaria ovulique om-
Dino accedit, discrepat mere gradu; petalis. en sta-
mineo adnatis, stam. in tubum longe coalitis mediante gyno-

- Phor, ovario stipitato et przecipue styli insertione obliqua.

nis est Terebinthacez, Mangiferze habitu. Astropetalum
8p. I. meo sensu auctores pessime descrip. vide presertim,

^0. 645, cui petala stamina perigyna et ovarium in toro

a sw iusidens.

-

ASTROPETALUM. |
i Pikot sp. DLXV. Fig. II. 6, c, d

Arbor alta, foliis alternis saafin long. insculp. ection:
tis, apices ramorum versus confertis, lineari-lanceolatis coria-
: ceis acuminatis repandis penninerviis are cartilagineis
: vid pellucide punctatis.

412 ANACORDIACE Æ.

Paniculis patentibus, axillaribus, terminalibusque sulcatis,
subangulatis, ramulis divaricatis cymosis. Bractea ‘minute
fere obsoleta ad basin ramulis cujusque, floribus parvis viridis-
cento-albidis, suaviter odoratis.

Cal. tubo brevi 5-fidus laciniis Pte breve d
zstivatione imbricatis.

Cor. 5-petala, petalis hypogynis oblongis, patentibus, sub-
reflexis, sepalis alternantib. æstivatione imbricatis, 1

Stam. 5 libera, phypogyna etalis alternantia, filament subu- > —
latis petalis brevioribus basi incrassatis. Anth. oblongo- >
lineares subversatiles biloculares longit. lateraliterque de-'
hiscentes. Pollen oblongum leve hinc sulcatum,

Glandule 5 minutissima staminibus alternantia.

Stylus filiformis crassiusculis stigma peltata mes 4--
sulcatum ovarium superum l-loculare, l-ovula ovula funicu-
lato ascendesite foramen hilum prope.

ues vere hypogyna, toro nempe elevato cum ovario
insidentia. .

Torus aiai tubum zquans subpolvgama, foribus pluri-
mis rudimento ovarium tantum.

Fructus nondum visus, Habitus mangiferæ.

In Colla alleore. no. 645, Nov. 1834.

Has. Mergue. Conspicua obamssas florescentæ densas, 3
.contuse adorem resinosum piperaceum effundit. T

2. Astropetalum sp. :

C Arbor excelsa, fol. szepius alternis ad apices ramorum “con:
fertis, petiolatis oblongo-lanceolatis, obtuse acuminatis integris |
subrepandis marginibus cartilagineis, nervis secondariis dis-
tinctis, nervo primario angulum valde obtusum formantibus.

Paniculis terminalibus foliosis patentissimis multifloris, ! flori-
bus pallide lutescent. subodoris, obmassas longe conspicuis.

_ Cal. tubo brevi, limbo 5-fido, laciniis rotundatis cestivation?

imbricatis,

Cor, tp petalis bypagynis, liueari-lanceolatis refesis

i BUCHANANIA, 413

| wnguiculatis unguibus gynophora adnatis. Petalis post
| anthesin ampliatis foliaceisque ! ! !

Stam. 5 hypogyna basibus versus alatis et gynophoro ad-
| matus petalis alternant. ^ Parte adnate quasi sphacelato
- Fila. libera subulata basi dilatata petalis breviora. Anth.
biloeulares longit, dehiscentes bases versus affix, introrse
Pollen oblongum ellipticum leve albidum. Stylus brevis fili-
formis subobliquis, nec vere apiculis. Stigma capitat. medio
foveolat.

„Ovarium gynophoro insidens ovatum l-loculare, 1-ovula-
tum. Ovulo vere pendulo, lateraliter et supra basin loculi
inserta, funiculo brevi tenui sustentum. Foramen hilum prope
loculi fundum aspiciens.
^ De perigyne si stamina hujas ordinis auctores pessime
judica verunt. In omnibus generibus, qua examinatione
Subjeci, stamina evidentis et omni sensu hypogyne. Hoc
_ genus intermedium est cum Syndesmis (sp. 2.) no. 675, cujus
tts longius stipitatus et stylus omnino obliquus. .

*-

BUCHANANIA.

Buchanania subobovata. du :

a Polis: subobovatis, paniculis folia excedentibus albis, flori-
Dus 4-5-meris, stam. basi effzetis.
Rami teretiusculi, ‘ramuli virides.

. Folia alterna apices internodiorum vel ramulorum. subcon-
ferta, exstipulata, petioli'basi incrassati, subuncialis, lamina
Subobovata, long. 4-5 unciali, lat. 1} fere 2 unc. coriacea con-
caviuscula obtusa interdum emarginata, margine maturiorum
Sepe undulato-crenata, v. secondarie arcuatim obliquae« con-
: pw v. aliis anastomosant. paullo minoribus, subtus venatio
| et minus conspicua. Vernatio conduplicata.
Panicula axillares, foliis longiores obfolia conferta —
yrsum terminalem formant.

edunculi subspithamzei - albi compt essi rami secondarii

414 ANACORDIACE.

curvatim ascendentes an semper ultime cymoidez | vel. race-
mosæ pauciflore.

Flores minuti albi 4, ssepius 5-meri, odore ingrato, pedi-
celli breves clavati. Sepala 4-5, semi-ovata unico extimo
'minuta. Petala estiv. imbricata totidem alternant. oblonga,
patente reflexa obtusa.

Stamina petalorum numero dupla petalis j breviora hy-
pogyna subzqualia, filamenta alba subulata, Anthere erect
longitud. filamentorum magne, obtuse sagittate, pars sagittati
alba effeta! Pollen aureum. |

Cupula carnosa alba denticulat inter stamina et pistillum,
hoc ex dimidia parti obtegens. Ovarium stipitem crassum
brevem terminans subovatum. Styli 4-5 parce pilosi, stig-
mate totidem subcapitata.

Potius ovaria 4-5 petalis opposita, parce pilosa l tantum
fertile, sterilia interne sulcata, in stylos crassos, stigmata capi-
tato-terminalis attenuata: fertile ovatum 1-loculare, ovulum
1, terebinthacea, nempe pendulum e funiculo basi loculi affixo,
foramen inferne spectans, stylus crassior brevior, stigma sub-
simplex.

It is remarkable, that the stigmata of the barren ovaria
are alone developed, and alone shew the usual browning of
fecundation ! Can therefore be any communication between
these ovaria and the ovuliferous one.

MANGIFERA. *

1. Mangifera lagenifera, Gr. PI, DLXVII. Fig. II.

Fruit gourd-shaped, smooth glaucescent discharging -

when wounded a black varnish, smell fetid, fleshy, entirely 7

traversed by innumerable fibres, besides which it looks JU'
as if it were minutely veiny reticulated.

The inner fibres are as thick as twine, and cutting.
them is like cutting through twine. ; a
. Drupe entirely covered with innumerable fibres, lan

- :
*

MANGIFERA. "415

Tegmen of seed separates with it, this on one side is black,
thickish and coriaceous and sticks to the seed, but still is
Separable, on the other side it is fine membrano-chartace-
OUS. i
Seed erect, oblong lanceolate ; one side, i. e. that to which
the black part of the tegument adheres, presents an irre-
gular surface, the other'is smooth and traversed by the.
straight commissure of the cotyledones, the other is traversed
by an irregular commissure.

Radicle stout short, a little above the base, each cotyledon
is oblique at the base, and each has half the surface wrinkled, «
and half smooth.

In this, one cotyledon is longer than the other.
4 a. Auricle, white, 4 radicle ; c root. f smooth, the other
marks denoting rough.
Has. Malacca. This is a pentandrous Mango-flowered
large tree, with a round crown, high trunk, branched above,
xod spathulate obovete leaves. The Malay name is Langoot.
It is equally well distinguished by its lageniform fruit,
y the oy smooth tutelae calyx auricled outside be-
low the radicle.
In the following (Beenjai) the*auricle is confined to the `
larger cotyledon.

MM Mee C NE Ee

a2. Mangifera cesia, jack.

Arbor excelsa, habitu foliatione quud openolia-
rud Rope duo.

ta, apice patenti-reflexa (ideoque corolla videtur hypo-
tubo elongato) lineari-spathulata a medio infra car-
nosis et conspicue carinatis intus.

416 - ANACARDIACE E.

Stamen 1, sanguineum, petalis longioris, primo aspéctu,
stylum mentiens, Anth. minute terminalis, bilocul. j
Stylus brevissimus sanguineus. Stigma terminalis discoidea
ovar. rudiment. ad.sunt staminodia circa fem. rudim. ' ]
Fem. Cal. corolla maris, but the coalition of petals with the :
torus or stalk of the ovary is much more evident. Stam.
2-3 abortive uno multo majore. *
Ovar. obovatum apicem paullulum obliquum, stylo subulato
petalorum longitudine. Stigma capitat. subreniforme.
vulum l, anatropum appensum foramine fundum loculi

FO RECEDUNT HRS a esa NOn airy Poe LI Y T

puce
This is a stately magnificent tree, panicles exceedingly — —
elegant cream colored. Petals white outside, inside except the d

margin, beautiful lilac.

The male flowers are much more numerous than female,
the latter when present are terminal on each cyme. This is
a very distinct species, and does away, in some measure with
one of the pecularities of Syndesmis, and is at once distin-
guished by the cohesion of the base of the petals and the
elongated torus, as well as by the long erect gamopetalous
looking petals, ;
- Has. Malacca. It has the habit of Mangifere polycar- 1
poa, Malay name Beenjai.

uo RES

3. Mangifera polycarpa, Gr. or russet fruited mango P.
DLXVH. Fig. I.

"Branches stout, confertly leaved at the apex. Buds protected 2d
by numerous brownish scales. Leaves, nearly a foot. long
tapering into a short stout flattened petiole, cuneate ‘obovate
undulate, more or less coriaceous, entire, obtuse. p^

Secondary veins, very distinct, well arched, not confluent ae
interveniis reticulatis, above dark green, below pale. T
. A large tree much like the Beenjai, both are among _ the
handsome Forest trees, with a fine trunk, massive branch" —
and a flattish thin crown, putting me in | mind (from the
rier. of Magnolias. e

MANGIFERA. : 417

E The specimen from which this last description is derived
f wasa young tree. The differences in the leaves between this
and the Beenjai are in the smaller size more obovate form. I
have not seen the flowers of this, or the fruit of Beenjai.
| Fructus oblongus basi paullo majora, sublobulata, hine in-
| * fra apicem depressus, brunneus, dusky a over, of a strong
f dorian or mango smell, not altogether unpleasant, with very
. acid and pleasant taste.

p Flesh and juice especially copious, fibres very abundant.

: Drupe outline lanceolate, rather compressed, it is not even
| woody; but coriaceo-fibrous, seed erect. |

dem separating with the drupe, of chesnut brown or
black colou

Embryo erect obclavate radicle on one side above the base.

On one side is a straight furrowed line, on the other an
oblique irregular waved one, these are the edges of the coty-

ns, which are very unequal, it is the larger one which is
produced downwards, so as to make the radicle oblique.

. Has. Malacca.

This I find is the Camang, and I propose for it the name
of Mangifera? policarpa, in allusion to its russet colored
fruit, which seems to me unique in this genus.

a. One side of seed.

i »
*
2

4. Mangifera odorata, Gr.

_ Arbor magna. Folia ad apices ramulorum sparsa. (Petiolis
Clalibus e medio infra incrassatis) oblongo-lanceolata
a aoaoina coriacea, glabra subrepanda, venis 2-dariis
distinctis, conspicue arcuatis.

la terminalis, subglabra, fusco-viridescente, præsertim
divisiones ultimæquæ cymosæ.
F polygami carnei suave odorata alabastra oblongo-

AE e hae 5, , oblong

e medio refracto-reflexa, viridescente
c3

418 ANACARDIACEJE.

sanguineo-tincta basi ssa Ris venis infra medium sub-
cristatim elevatis.

Stam. 5, 2 szpius l, perfect, arising fioi a fleshy torus
considerably above the plane of insertion of the petals.

ilam. subulata sanguinea. Anth. purpureo-lilacinae versatili
biloculares.

Ovar. globosum glabrum. Stylus albus declinatus arcuatis,
hine sulcatus. Stigma simplex.

Ovulum anatropum, ex apice funicul. subbilariter orient.
geniculat. flexi transvers.

Fruit like that of the Bachang, and with as bad an edour,
oblong, filled with sticky gum exuding on being cut, yellowish
green with yellow spots and a central disc of a reddish
colour, which under a lens presents pores or holes, not com-
pressed, situation of the style obscure, oblique.

Flesh yellow not unpleasantly scented, not turpentinish
like that of an ordinary mango, very fibrous sweet, and
plentiful, so that culture might make thjs a good fruit.

Stone very much compressed, covered with torn fibres,
rather thick, lined with a parchment-like substance with
oblong white markings.

Seed compressed very subreniform, outline with brown
cellular coriaceous teguments, internally of a darker brown,
much like a huge pear. Embryo of the same shape.
Cotyledons flesh- colored, rather rugose with green edges,
one as it were, just placed over. me other, at the apex, Ís 3
little larger, both are equal at the base. T.

Radicle strongly curved and adpressed just like a curved
Leguminose embryo. Plumule stalked conspicuous.

Has. Malacca. Oct. 1842. Malay name Koeene, or Kahini.

Proxim. M. indice et M. foetida, bachung. E

Sp. Cuar. Fol petiolis e medio incrassatis in 4
ceolatis acuminato-cuspidatis subrepandis coriacels, "mE
dariis conspicui arcuatis. Paniculis terminalis pyr2! |
. divisionibus cymosis, floribus polygamis. Petal c medio refers
calyce applicitis, staminibus e toro elevato. Stylo declinato.

MANGIFERA. 419

Oss. The best marks of distinction are perhaps drawn from
the fruit and the seed.

9. Mangifera fætida Gr.

Fruit oval, not compressed, apex oblique, green, smooth,
with a very foetid smell, that of the common mango with a
suffocating, most disagreeable addition.

Flesh yellow, thick, passing gradually into yellow fibres
towards the drupe. Drupe covered with white fibres, com-
pressed, almost two-edged, inner layer tough, parchment-like,
seed erect, conformable, tegument chartaceous whitish, (brown
inside) separating rather with the drupe than the embryo.

'Cotyledons equal, oblique at the base, each withan auricle
incumbent on the apex of the radicle, one margin (of the two
together) as it were, elevated and thickened, so close together
as to appear on a transverse section almost united, radicle
short, almost a right angle with the cotyledones. Plumula
conspicuous,

. Fructu ovali, apice obliquusculo e compresso viridi fætido

‘Has. Malacea : Malay name Bachang July. 1842.

: e Mangifera longipes Gr.

Arbor,
Fol. alterna, petioli 2-2} unciali teres graciles, basi incras-
sati. Lamina oblongo-lanceolata acuminata subrepanda coria-
cea glabra; venæ 2-dariæ radiuscule conspicuæ interveniis
minute reticulatis (Sapindacea.) |
| Panicula terminatis, subpyramidalis tenuis, divisionibus al-
pag dimos vel racemosis. Bracteis inconspicuis deci-
-Plores į incon&picui polygami, vel masc. vel fzemin.
Pedicelli calycesque puberuli. :
basi planiusculus e 5 pet ERR patentibus.
tidem angusti-lanceolat. ad medium subito-rcflexa
3) albida, centro basique lutea.

Pet,

420 ANACARDIACE.

Torus conicus papillosus e quo stamina oriuntur.

. Stam. fertile 1, filamento longiusculo subulato glabro.

Anth. versatilis transvera purpurea (sterilia, parva, 2-3,)
bilocularis longitud. dehiscent.

The cone is more or less 5-lobed, each opposed to a fila-
ment which arises from within its upper margin.

Ovar. subrotund. glabrum e cono $ exsertum. Stylus obli-
quus longitud. fere filamento-subulatus glaber. Stigma ter-
minali simplex.

Ovulum oblique ascendens, foramen infero.

Stam. quoad ovarium vero hypogyna. Tendency to cari-
nation of the petals at the base.

Petals with 5 elevated strize or veins to which yellow colour
in confined, these confluesce below.

Has. Malacca, Malay vernac name Boa Pow.

It appears to approach to Roxb. Mang. sylvatica.

Mangifera longipes, petiolis elongatis, fol. oblongo-lan-
ceolatis subrepandis. ;

Paniculi terminali tenui, pedicellis cymosis, racemosis.
fasciculatis vel solitariis, petal. tertia medio refractis, basi
5-striatis. Toro 5-lobo inter stam. et petal. Stam. fertile 1.
Stylo erecto, ovarioque glabro.

Bovzta. :

Boueia macrophylla, Gr. Pl. DLXVII. Fig. IV.

Arbor mediocris aspectu Guttifero. Corona oblonga den-
sissima.

Ramuli teretes glaucescentes.

Folia opposita, petiola } uncialis 4 torta, lamina oblongo-
lanceolata obtuse acuminata vel cuspidata crassa coriacea,
patentia glabra, venis secondariis crebris sub Guttiferinis a — -
cuatis distinctis interveniis more Terebinth : reticulatis. Ge" —

1 BOUEIA. 421

a Panicule thyrsoidez axillares foliis breviores densiflore,
| divisiones ultimi cymosz, ramulisque trichotomis.

Flores polygami parvi inconspicui virides, cito fucescent.
Cal. minutus subpubescens, 4-partit,

P Petala erecta connivente imbricata concava, marginibus
f incurvis spathulato-obovata carnosa! centro carinata, in-
f X serted by the stout fleshy bases into a torus above the level of
à the insertion of the calyx.

Stam. totidem interdum 3-5, petalis multo breviora, filam.
ima basin connatis, inserted by their stout fleshy bases into a
torus above the level of the insertion of the calyx. Anth.
peli lateraliter dehiscentes, connectivum in mucronulum

uct, Rudiment. pistila minut. in basi cupule filamentor.
connectorum,

Flos femineus whenever it exists, semper e centro trichoto-
mus, much less numerous than the male. Calyx pubescens,
3-partitus. Petala et Stamina ut in mare.

* Ovarium paululum obliqua, pubescens vel glabrum. Stylus
robustus subulatus.

Stigma terminali hinc singularia, capitatum subintegerrime
as if formed of two reniform lobes. Ovulum l, suberectum
attached to the ventral suture near the base, foramen inferum,
tegument duplex, interius inclusum.

In the young fruit, the drupe is little or none, the seed
large purplish, oblong reniform with a veined testa? an in-

ferr curved radicle and rather unequal cotyledons. Is

‘aere a tegument ? if not, the cotyledons are veined out-
Side.

Fruit oblong ovate, little oblique, about the size of a hen's

€88, not compressed, it is surrounded at the base by the re-

mains of the perianth.

| - id yellowish copious with fine fibres of a very

od

422 ANACARDIACE.

cut, fine fibrous externally, this is lined inside by the adher-
ing brown teguments of the seed.

Hence the embryo appears quite naked on opening, the

drupe becoming exposed and conspicuous from its lilac
colour.
. Cotyledons equal plano-convex, outside reticulate rugose
from the pressure of the inner surface of the drupe, inside of
a deeper lilac! Embryo erect. Radicle curved, on line of the
commissure of the cotyledons. Plumule conspicuous : a form
of Leguminous embryo.

Has. Malacca. Melay name Roomanya Bartool.

This is the large leaved species, which grows to a
good sized tree, with a very dense oblong crown.

The smaller species, of which I have a flowering specimen
from Rev. Mr. White : is the B. Peego, or from its very small
leaves, B. microphylla. It also attains the size of a mo-
derate tree, and has a dense crown.

The genus is certainly distinct from Mangifera, in habit

articularly, but scarcely in the flowers, taking Mangifera
comprehensively (Langoot, M. lagenifera as the test) and in
the scarcely drupaceous evalvular fruit.

In the Mangifera oppositifolia of Roxburgh, Wight and
Arnot say the style is composed of 3 combined, and that
there are 3 stigmas, of which 2 are abortive ,and 1 fertile, and E
much larger. :

Now if this were the case, it would be a direct passage to
Buchanania, and in that group I see nothing like sucha struc * —
ture, and even if the stigma be 3-lobed as Roxburgh says, i 3
does not follow that the style is compound ; on the contrary the à
ventral suture, and obliquity of the ovarium are against it, be-
sides there is no dorsal sinus ; if stigma, the number of sta-
mina is nothing, the erect embryo nothing, the keeled petals
nothing, so that the, only distinctions are habit and evalvul
nuts, which last are constant. :
In this plant there is the commencement. of the structure

18, :

*

of Syn

AMYRIDACEJE. 493

2. Boueia microphylla, Gr.

Fruit roundish oval, 17-18 lines long, 14-15 in diameter,
of a yellow colour, surface veiny mottled elastic fleshy. At
the base is a minute subquadrate calyx, and the remains of the
style a little below the geometric apex, where also the fruit is
rather depressed. Pulp copious, 4 an inch in thickness of,
rather firm flesh, without fibres as in the mangoes, it is of
golden yellow colour and of a rather pleasant subacid taste,
tainted with that of turpentine.

Drupe thin, rather tough but not bony, outwardly floc-
cosely fibrous, compressed, 13-14 lines long, 5 across the
small diameter. +

Seed conformable, the tegument is of the colour of burnt
umber, thin, adhering to the inside of the drupe, partly
Separable.
` Cotyledones rather unequal, firmly fleshy, lilac purple es-
pecially when cut. Surface irregular and veiny.

- Radicle inferior. horizontal, on a line with the lower edge
9f the cotyledons.

las. Malacca. Malay name Candanghan. It is a variety
of Roomanya Baitool, the Roomanya Pego, i is a bastard cinis
not called so from Pegu, as some e say.

AMYRIDACEÆ.

SABIA.

Sabie sp. Pl. DLXVIII. Fig. H.

This plant is supposed to be a Sabia, if so, the chine
ter does not agree with that of Amyridee in any one
a essential point.

. Cal. 5-sepalus estivatione imbricata.

: d S-petala Pre estivation imbricata, sepalis op-

424 AMYRIDACE.

Stam. fertilia 5, hypogyna, sepalis opposita ! discreta, filam.
clavato-complanata viridia. Anthera terminalis bilocularis
introrse, valva revoluta dehiscens,

Pollen leviusculum, 1-plicat.

Ovaria supera 2, connata, presertim basin versus et ima
apices stylorum, unilocularia bi-ovulata ovulis pendulis for-
amina ad apicem! loculi fundum ideo spectante, sursum in
stylo subulato gradatim attenuata. Stigma simplex vix cons-
picue e 2 connatis format.

Cupula hypogyna gandulosa, evasculosa, 5-angulata, an-
gulis sepalis alternis! interspatiis denticulatis ovarii pat:
tem inferum cingit.

Frütices scandentes, foliis alternis etutigainae indivisis,
venis secondariis pagine ad medium conspicue nexis ar-
cuatum, venulis ab his dentibus iterum arcuato nexis,
interstitiis articulatis ramulis ultimis subclavatis evanes-
centibus,

Cymis dichotomis paniculatis, inflorescentia axillaris vel
terminalis basi squamis gemmaceis. Bractee minutissim®
inconspicuze adpresse.

Flores virides minuti. "Vis aromat. nulla.

]. Alabastrum.

2. Imbrication and alternation.

x Flower.
. Same viewed vertically.
dpud petals removed as well as most of the stamina.
6. Sepals spread out shewing the glandular cup, and its
alternation.

7. Genitalia.

8. Anther laterally.:

8a. Dorsally.

9, 9a, 95. Anthers in various stages of dehiscence.

10. Pollen in water,

11. Pistillum.

ee Ditto opened through the back of one carpellum.

SABIA. 425

Sit ence

13, Long section, double of pistillum, shews iie the dispo-

sition of the vessels.

14. Ovulum. Iam not quite certain as to its not having a

second coat.

Has. Pannukka Bootan.

"This presents to my mind the maximum of opposition, the .
three outer series being strictly opposed, and if the angles
of the cup be supposed to arise from, or point out the
| union of the barren stamina, tbe 4th series will likewise
: be opposite. But I prefer considering the angles as indi-
cating the situation which the additional stamina would
occupy, if developed.

This cup is evascular, and I may here remark that vascu-
larity of organs depends entirely on the degree of deve-
lopment, hence stamina, when barren, to have vessels, must

passed a certain point in their development.

The anthers are curious, they open internally along the
furrow separating the loculi, by separation of the edge
of the valve from the connective hence no inner valve exists,
as in almost all other cases.

Moisture causes the valve to return to its original
direction, dryness causes its reflexion. The anther is alto-
gether analogous to a single locellus of a bilocular bilocel-
late anther. Are we to imagine the total suppression of
the inner yalves,a tendency to which exists in some
Hamamelidez, or are we to imagine the internal union of
the margins of the locelli, as the cause of this curious
anomaly.

In the earliest stages in which I have been able to exa-

"Wine it, the formation of the anthers remains the same.

.. Hence even among typical anthers, two modifications

"Té to be found, bilocular bilocellate anthers, resulting from

the development of two leaves, and bilocular unilocellate,

resulting from that of a single leaf. A distinction should

p be drawn between these cases, the latter being.
D 3

426 CUPULIFERA.

unilocular after dehiscence, the former being in every stage
bilocular.

Lastly the ovary offers the anomaly of a vascular fascicle
in the same line or nearly so as the placente.

The normal condition of an ovary is, to have one vascular
fascicle in the axis of its dorsum, this may, or not be
ramified in the ovary, but in almost all cases, it is single in
the style; when not so, the number of carpella seems to
be indicated by the grouping of the fascicles. This occurs
in Cucurbitacez which seem to be binary carpelled, and the
fascicles are divided into two groups, this point, however,
requires fresh examination.

In this plant the fascicles are 4, and one of these is
larger than the others, and it would appear to be gene-
rally separable into a fifth. As no fascicle has a right
to exist in the situations these do, I conceive them to indi-
cate the abortion of at least two, and perhaps three other
carpella ; and moreover, as vascularity is a test of perfec-
tion, that the apparently two styles, are nearly formed of
2 each, or one of two, and one of three. This must be the
case, if my views of the permanence of the test afforded
by the number of vascular fascicles in the style as an indica-
tion of the real number of: carpella, be correct ; because the
styles, being more permanent than the ovary itself, must be
developed considerably to enjoy such a supply of vessels. |

. The true affinities of this plant are obscure, it is nearer Bur-
seracez than Amyridez.
. The nearest affinity is probably with Celastrinex.

CUPULIFER.E.

CARPINUS.

Carpini sp. DLXV. Fig. I.
Has. Bootan Tongsa, ——

427
CRASSULACE A.

SEDUM.
-Sedum sp. Pl. DLXVIII. Fig. I. Itinerary Notes, p. 135,
no. 581.

Has. Bootan.

SAXIFRAGACEJE.
PaARNAssIA.

l. Parnassia nana, Gr. Pl. DLXX. Fig. II.
- Caulis brevis. Folia inferiora plura sparse conferta renifor-
mia sub 7-nervia, petiolis longissimis basin versus amplexi-
caulibus, idemque marginato-alatis, alis fimbriatis scapis
unifloris, unifoliis, folio subsessili petiolo basin utrinque fim-
iato, fimbriis potius ex auricula utrinque ortis, longissimis
cito Sphacelatis, venatio sui generis, venis primariis septenis,
arcuatis media excepta, quz ad apicem directi currit. prima-
tis arcuatis ad eodem loco conniventibus currentibusque,
interstitus venis tertiariis primaria oblique connectentibus
ue connexis occupatis.
~ Pedunculus 3-uncialis subclavatus, angulatus, angulis subu-
et e marginibus sepaloram sinu exteriorum originem
ducentibus.

- Sepala herbacea oblonga, 3 exteriora horumque margines
ad folium decurrentes sed inferne minus distincti, 2 interiore
venosa apice obtusa, brunnescente fimbriis paucis sphacelatis

zestivatione quincunciali.
Pet. hypogyno subsessilia sepalis alternantia, obovata,

ime apice ungaeque exceptis fimbriata, zstivatione im-
em (uncialis ?) staminodia 5, petalis opposita, dichotomi-
» quzedam glandulis stipitatis gerente, unia in sinu magis
en "oluto, lutescente apicibus lucidis.
5, sepalis alternante hypogyna, seriei stamino-
dis internam formantia.

425 SAXIFRAGACE2.

Filam. subulata basi dilatata. Anthere aurantiacez, ovules
basin affixze, extrorsze, loculis oblongis binis lateraliter dehis-
cent. connectivum viride infra emarginat.

Ovarium ovato-oblongum. Stylo crasso subconico stigma-
tibus 2-3 oblongis recurvatis terminat. l-loculare, placentis
stigmati numero zqualibus hisque oppositis.

Ovula 00, oblonga foramine conspicuo hili prope, tegumen-
to I-distincto, secundinio obsolete? nucleis cellulosus.

Calyx persisteus post anthesin connivento-erectus stamino-
dia apice sphacelata staminaque etiam persistentia.

Capsula basi 2-3 locularis, czterum l-locularis, 2-3 valvis,
valvis revolutis, medio placentiferis basique medio septiferis,
axi centrale brévissima.

Semina ovati-oblonga, funiculo brevi aspectu celluloso-ex-
albuminosa. Raphe parce elevata chalaza. Testa brunnea,
extus cellulosa, simplex inconspicua. Embryo orthotropus
radicula oblonga obtusa hili versus. Cotyledones minimc
interdum 3, carn carnose, plano-convexiusculz, rotundata micro-
pyle Tetali ad latus "is cotyledones incumbentes.
See Fig. III. Pl. DCXI. a. b. à

"s [ATE mountains Bogapani: Nov. 5th, 1835.

Meo sensu affinitas est cum Menyanthes et Villarsia, a qui-
bus vix differt nonnisi situ relativo stigmatum placentarum,
et forsan ovulorum structura.

Pollen hispidiusculum ? aqua immersu Onagraroid. ,

De stigmatibus ignora, an quodque e2 format. et tinct
formatio normalis ut e lobis medio sulcatis stigmatis
bast. judicare licet. Hoc casu, dehiscentia ” loculicida.
Differt a Gentianeis corolla polypetala, signum forsan flocei
habendum, et seminibus exalbuminosis, an omnino.

2. Parnassie sp. Pl. DXX. Fig. I.

Pankaa.

Notes, p. 129, no. 515,

i: APO ta ERAT LT STET E RE e n E

fraga adoxoiden, Gr. PI. DLXX. Fig. III. ine 2

429
HYDRANGEA.

l. Hydrangee? sp. Pl. DLXIX. Fig. I. Itinerary Notes,
p. 184. no. 939,
Has. E Bootau.

r

2. Hydrangeacee Gen. Novum Pl. DLXXI. Itinerary
. Notes, p. 173. no. 890.

ADAMIA.

Adamie sp. Pl. DLXIX. Fig. Il. Itinerary Notes, P:
175, no. 895.

CUNONIACEJE.
Cunoniacee ? sp. Pl. CCCCLXXXVI. Fig. I.

Ramuli (foliaque subtis) ferrugineo-pubescenti, articulis in-
Crassatis elongati ad articulos (stipulis et lapsis,) annulatis.
Stipule inter petiolares, e basi cordates acuminate, ferrugi-
neo-pubescentes, pubes stellata subtus copiosa uti in Glinulon,
Supra sparsa.
Glomerul. dichotom. Pede brevis lignoso persist.
Vernatio folior. conduplicato bi-involutivo.
.. Folia breve petiolata, oblonga, concava cuspidato acuminata
vel obtusa margine glanduloso-crenulata, crenulis piliferis,
enis 2-dariis distinctis, leviter arcuatis.
— Flores glomerulati, in axillis breviter petiolati, petioli basi
articulati (bracteolis minimis interspersis) ferrigineo-pubes-
Centi majusculi inconspicui. Perianth. carnosum coriaceum.
— Flores campanulato-infundibuliformes (eito areolata) val-
ES æstivatione 5-dentati, dentibus reflexis, extus ferrugineo-
TE
‘Stam. fauci inserta, numero i bepla, filam. brevissima basi

ata subcoalita, horizontales. Anther. oblongæ biloculares

430 CUNONIACE2.

lateral. dehiscentes, medio affixe, quasi nutantes ad basin tubi
perianth. prope stylum basi annulus villos

Ovar. inferum, stylus breviusculus Molecule! Ovula 00,
minuta alba 1 funicles 3 the length of ovule, robustus. Stigma
inclusum, discoideum, lobes or crenature tot quot locul. faucen
subzquans.

Pet. 5 minuta marginibus inciso-dentatis. subcordata, val-
vata, vel conduplicato-valvata (marginibus subinflexis,) extus
pubescentia peranthesin conduplicata.

Bacca pedicellis elongatis nutantes cum calyce unceolata
tubo fere immulato faucem filamentigera, 10 loculares, stylo
stigmata terminat.

Semina 00. in loculis, l-seriata, angulo interior affixa,
anatropa, minuta, multa abortient. rubro-brunnia nitentia
rugosula superfici minutissimeque striata, raphe 4 completa
clavata albida. Tegum. exterius memb. cellulos. tenuissim.
oblonge areolat. interius crassum rubro-bruneum coriaceum.

Albumen copiosum carnosum. Embryo axillis virides-
cens pallida, radicula teres longa. Cotyledones parve planius-
culz. Plumula. ?

Has. Malacca, at Verupha. Certe Cunoniacea, stigmatis
extus 10, crenato-lobatus verticeo depressiusculo pubescent.

1842. ‘
The membrane covering the albumen is searcely demons-
trable.

. Oss. This remarkable plant, has the habit of the other
Malacca Cunoniacea and the inflorescence, but otherwise is
considerably different, especially in the inferior ovary,- the
Santalaceous calyx becoming in the fruit obpyriform, and Me
coalescent stigmata.

The aspect of the flowers at first is entirely Tubiferosa. .

Cal. tubulosus superus 5-dentatus. Pet.5-sinubus inen

minuta conduplicata inciso-dentata.
Stam. 10.

cylindraceus. Stigma discoideum. margine need

Ovarium inferum, 10-loculare, ovula 00, anatropa. | Stylus
gbatum. —

Ba E

|
1
E
|
E
5
;

CYCNIA, 431

Bacca inclusum obpyriformis, calyce immulato coronat. Se-
mina 00,

Arbuscula, ferrugineo-pubescens, fol. oblongis, bifafiis,
stipulis cordato-acuminatis. Flores ferrugino-viridii in axillis
glomerati subsessiles. Fructu pedicelli elongati.

- Malacca: 1842.

Cunoniacea altera hoc charactere diagnoscenda.

Cal. inferus basi planus profunde 4 partitus. Pet. 5, sinu-
bus inserta, conduplicata fimbriata lacera.

Stam.

Ovar. 5-6 loculare basi plana calycis adnat. stylus brevis
apice G-partit. Stigma 6, subreniform. Fructus superus
pisiformis baccatus, calyce immulato basi cinctus, 5-6 locu-
laris,

Frutex foliis oppositis glabris ovatis vel lanceolatis, stipulis
interpetiol. longis, flores in axillis glomerati minuti. Bacce
igra.

CHRYSOBALANEA.

Cycnia.
. Cycnia spinosa. :
Frutex ramis inferioribus in spinas, abeuntibus uti etiam
. ramuli pauci, fol. alterna lanceolato-linearia, acuta serrulata.
Á Stipulae ovate, membranacez. Racemis terminalibus pauci
is, floribus majusculis.
Cal tubo brevi turbinato 5-partit. laciniis rotundatis,
patente concavis.
Stam. 00, disco perigyno carnoso parum elevato insert,
libera, filam. brevia filiformia.
.. Anth. didymæ, longit. dehiscenti connectivo dilattati. ovati.
d Ovar. subturbinat. l-loculare, l-ovulat. ovule lateraliter et
Juxta basin styli -— foram. hilum prope. Stylus la-
rais fere b, filiform sulcat. Stigma capitat.
‘Fructus ibus obtussiss. basin versus stylum gerens,

432 CONARACE/E.

longe exsertus baccat? l-locule, l-spermum. Semen erec-
tum, conforme.

Cotyledones foliaceo-carnose, conduplicat. ? Radicula in-
fera hilum versus.

Pl. DCV. Fig. V. Ex sicca Mergui: Jan. 1835.

An vere apetala? 5-sepalis alternantes discernende, tunc.
more ordinis, 5-petala esset.

PRINSEPIA.

Prinsepia utilis; Pl, DLXXX. Fig. E |
Has. Bootan.
CONARACEÆ. l

CNESTIS. 1
l. Cnestis ramiflora Gr.

Frutex humilis, foliis impari-pinnatis, foliolis alternanti-
bus, oblongis acutis basi cordatis, subtus pubescente, juniori-
bus diücblücibuk. lutescentibus vel rubescentib.

Racemis confertis, paniculatis abbreviatis in trunco raro ex
axillis foliorum, floribus lutescentibus, odore forti subsuavi.-

Pedunculis, pedicellis calycibusque junioribus purpureo-pu-

Pedicellis brevibus paullo supra basin 3-bracteolatis.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis linearib. pubescent.
piss totidem conforme sed latiore, patentis, apicibus. incur- ;
aan 10 hypogyna, libera, filam. brevia filifor. Anth.
bilocul. didymze extrorse transverse dehiscent. Car :
5 extus pilos hispidissime. Styli totidem breves ifm
p ume 5 capitato-reniformia. |

Ovar. 1-locularia. biovulata ovalis ascendentibus, f

| conspicuo ad pen;

Hes eh

bus inflexis coalitis marginibus liberis, æstivat. petalorum
valvata, Pollen ovatum lave hinc sulcatum
Has. In sylvis graminosis. Mergue: Nov. 1834.

| 2. Cnestis steriopetala, Gr. Pl. DCXI. Fig. II.

Frutex scandens ramulis petiolisque hirsutis, fol. pinnat.
4-juga cum impari, foliol. alternant obovata, basi supera ob-
lique emarginata atroviridia, subtus reticulata, et ad nervum
medium parce pubescent. :

Floribus axillaribus racemosis albis. Racemis abbreviatis,
folis multo breviorib. Pedicellis elongatis filiformib. basi
bracteatis, bracteis ovatis ferrugineo-pubescent.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis lanceolatis acutis patentiss. apicibus
pubescent. zestivatione imbricata.

Pet. 5 hypogyna linearia angustissime longissime, sepalis
nempe 24 longiora acuta, zstivat. apicibus.

Stam. 10 alterna breviora petalis opposita inflexis ima
m. monadelph. filam. subulato. Anth. biloculares longit.

dehiscentes subintrorse. Styli 5 filiformes subglabri, stigmata

lem capitata. Carpella 5 omnino distincti extus pilosa,
-locularia, 2-ovulat. Ovulis ascendentibus, foramen apicul.
conspicuum,
= Has. In sylvis inter Kulweng et Mergue: January, 1835,
foribus subodoratis.

pos
CNESTIS 433
—. Calyces æstivatio valvata subaperta, sepalis nempe apici-
|

3. Cuestis flaminea, Gr. Pl. DCVIII. Fig. II.

; Carpella onpas salads (abortu interdum 2-4 radiantia ut
inSte iaceo-baccata, pendula, pul-
Cherrime viridique coccinea, ‘velatina, secus ventrem con-
Men: inferum obsitum pendulum): dehiscent. l-locularia

Nadoearpium intus velutino sericeum, semen erectum.
x P Grillo carnoso luteo crasso, apice lobato cinctum,
E3

43T CONNARACES.

Testa aterrime nitida. Albumen carnos. copiosum, Em-
' bryo inversus. Cotyledones magnz plauze foliacez.

Radicle brevis obtusa supera. Plumule inconspicue.
Hilum lineare supra latus convexus seminis fere ad medium
currens (a 5.), arillus obliquus.

Has. Mergue. Pili endorcarpii simplices. Fructus maturat.
March, 1835.

Cnestis platantha, Gr.

Fruticosa scandens pubescens, foliolis sub 10-jugis lineari-
oblongis obtusis basi inzqualiter cordatis. Paniculis race-
miformibus foliis brevioribus, floribus rotatis, petalis emargi-
natis, ovariis 5-6-7.

Descr. Frutex scandens.

Pubescens ramuli abbreviati obtuse angulati.

Folia spithamza 10-juga cum impari, foliolis breve petio-
lutatis lineari-oblongis basi in:squaliter cordatis, obtusis,
long.l-uncial. 7ineal. latit. 6-lineal. pendula? an semper
tactu molli.

Paniculæ racemiformes in ut e abbreviates axillaribus
(fol. lapsor) incertes, ideoque quasi fasciculatis, digit. longitu-
dine nutantes cum pedicellis calycibusque extus glanduloso-
puberules.

Bractea minuta concava squamiformis subpedicel. quem-
que et prope basin, qua articulatur, bracteole minimc
Pedicelli alterne vel suboppositi clavati, subbilineales.

cuique racemo rotati.

Sepala sublanceolata, :estivatio leviter imbricata fere val-
vula apicibus subintroflexis, utrinque pubescentia extus capi-

tulis pilis rubro-glandulosis immixtis, (this is the character :

of the pubescence of inflorescence).

Petala alba, liaeari-oblonga ‘paullo longiora, sepius emar- 5e

ginata, marginibus et apice zstivatione iles, sanin a
Buca, 5 sepalis oppositis majoribus. guo
- Ficus: alba, subfiliformia longiora sii ;

T Te CCELI TS RETE NIRE LEA

EURYCOM 4. 435

brevissim. Antherz biloculares, basi affixe, petales oppo-
siti paullo majores fere didymz s:epius forsan 6. Si 6, 5
petalis subopposita, si 5 petalis opposita, plura quam 5
minora emarginata longiuscula.

Pollen ihidem, 1 immers. globos. triplicat.

-Ovaria 5, szpius forsan 6, minuta villosa staminibus vito
breviora.

Styli breves. Stigmata simplicia emarginata. Ovula 2
atropa, erecta, secundo longiusculi prominento ad anthesin
etiam, . >
Has. Malacca.

Arnott and Wight make Jack's species to belong to Rourea,
bot Jack says woog of the æstivation of the calyx, and
this judging from Arnott’s character of Rourea is the only
distinction between Rourea and Cnestis: Jack’s Plants are
Chestes of Endlicher, who makes Rourea a synonym of
Connarus.

_ Robergia hirsuta, as has been well suggested, is very likely
= Phlebochiton extensus,
| plant seems allied to Cnestis polyphyllus. Lam.

Eurycoma.
_ Eurycoma longifolia. |
Frutex 7-10 pedalis. Ramis szepius simplicibus apicibus
2 proliferis, foliis summis cujusque crescentiores abortivis et in

e subulatorum apicibus iucurvis ferrugineo-
pub op gis

ferrugineo-pubescent. |
a. NER ET id apices ramorum impari-pinnatis,
Ee Nis 2-21 pedalibas; foliolis: »oblongo-Tanceotétie subses-
nervis
eren juniorib.. supra late viridib. infra argenteo-glaucis
Senioribus supra atro-viridib.

Petiolis basi i incrassatis hit e

436 LEGUMINO&A.

Paniculis axillaribus solitariis foliis multe breviorib. fer-
rugineo glanduloso pubescente.

Floribus minutis solitariis, brunneo-sanguinea, cal 5-sepal.
sepalis lanceolatis more pedunculi pubescent. estivatione
valvatis.

Pet. 5 erecto-patentia hypogyna lanceolata sepalis alter-
nantia, breve pubescent. apicibus incurvis zstivatione valvata,
more sepal. sed multo minus dorso ferrugineo-pubescent.

Stam. tot quot petala, iis alternantia libera hypogyna filam.
subulata, rubro-coccinea ut petala intus albido-pilosa.

Anth. biloculares longit. lateraliterque debiscent. basibus
affixe. Stam. ad basin 2-glandulosa, glandulis oblongis luteis
sessilibus, stylus crassus brevis.

Stigma 5, subcapitata lutescentia, carpella 5, extus pilosa,
inter se vix coherentia, ovulum 1 cuique carpello, erectum,
foramen conspicuum pilo oppositum,

Eurycoma longifolia Jack.

Mergue In sylvis. Ins. Madamaca apud Peleit: Nov. 1834.

LEGUMINOSA.
CROTALARIA.

1. Crotalaria bracteata.

Herba 2-3 pedalis, ramosa pubescent. Rami teretes. -
Fol. 3-foliolata, petiolata, (petiola superne canaliculato)
foliolis lanceolatis subacuminatis cum mucrona, integris,
subtus pubescentibus, terminali majore.

Stipule decidue, subulate, parva fere recte.

Racemi oppositifolii terminalesque.

Flores cernui primo lutei demum aurantiacei.

Pedicelli basi bracteati.

Cal. basi 2-bracteat, bilabiatim 5-53 partibus, rec ;

aes acutum reflexum.

Ale nem ts obtuse odi carina falcata concreta acuni- ro J

LACE ea FOR gg, enya ee N

CYTISUS, 437

Stam. monadelpha tubo antica ad basin fissura. Anth.
oblongz.
Ovarium 1-locul. Ovulis 00. Stylus curvatus, antice
pilosus. Stigma obliquum subcapitat.
Legumen teres, subinflatum villoso-tomentosum, polysper-
mum, pedicellatum, pedicello libero.
AB. In ruderatis, Moulmein: Dec. 1824.

2, Crotalarie sp.

Herbacea basi suffruticosa Fol. palmatim 5-foliolatis, foliolis
inequalibus lineari-spathulatis, mucronatis, emarginatis, ci-
liatis, subtus sericeis.

.— Racemis terminalibus bracteatis. Bracteis lanceolatis acumi-
natis deflexis. — Pedicellis subnutant. basin versus oppositis
2-bracteolatis.

Calyce 3 bilabiato, dentibus subzqualibus, vexillo alisque

teis, brunneo-striatis carina naviculari viridescente. Legumi-
nibus inflatis, ovulis reniformibus, biseriatis, staminib. l-del-
phis tubo superne demum fisso.

Has. In ruderatis. Pulo Gewen : Nov. 1834.

MELILOTUS.
Meliloti sp. Pl. DLX XVIII. Itinerary Notes, no 1395.
. Has. Assam.
| CYTISUS.
Cytisus Laburnum, Pl. DLXXVII. Fig. III.

: <The legume of Cytisus Laburnum, showing the spontaneous
separation of the Endorcarp from the Mesocarp along the
line of the placental and dorsal satures. The seeds remain-
ing attached to the two unseparated laminze : a seed, b hilum,
= foramen to which the radicle points: an instance of Mir-
stele per seed, May 24th, 1831.

438 LEGUMINOSE.

INDIGOFERA.
Indigofere. sp.

Suffruticosa basi caulibus adpressa pilosis, foliis 3-foliatis,
lanceolato-ovatis, basi 3-nerviis, lateralibus obliquis.

Racemis paniculatis axillaribus abbrevietis, floribus confertis
inconspicuis, vexillum viridescens ventis sanguineis pulchre
notatis, ale oblongz purpurez lateri superiore ad basin limbo
dente alba. Carina navicular.

Stigma capitat. exsertum.

Cal. profunde 5-partitus, sepalis lineari-subulatis, antico
majora. Legumina ovata, calycis dentem longiorem, sube-
quante 2-sperma. Cotyledones carnose, oblongz. Plumula
conspicua.

Radicula teres brevis curvata. "Tubus stamen. superne.
fissus, ovarium 2-ovulatum.

Has. In humidis Mergue- Nov. 1834, etiam Moulmein.

AGATI.

Agati grandiflora.

Arbuscula, foliis pinatis, 10-18 jugis, foliolis oblongo-li-

nearibus, obtusis mucronatis.
Racemis axillaribus, paucifloris.
Pedicellis ad basin articulatis, subflora bibracteatis. .
Bracteis ovatis foliaceis caducis, floribus maximis, purpureis
vel albis. DN.
Cal. infundibulifor. bilabiatus labius utrinque subintegris-

Cor. ionacea maxima, vexillum ovato-oblongum re-

flexum lopais unguiculat. ale vexillo longiores falcatæ
lanceolatæ subacutæ. longe unguicuiculatæ. Carina longe
unguiculata, navicularis, apice bifida, basin limbum versus 2-
dentat. dentibus subrevolutis.

_ Stam. diadelpha 9 et 1-longissima,

Anth. versatiles. Tubo stamineus basin superne pies. car

nosusque
Ovarium n pi ae, subcylindraceum.

2a

DESMODIUM. 339

Stylus filiforme subulatus. Stigma capitat. 1-loculare, mul-
to: ovulat.

Has. Mergue culta: Nov. 1834.

DesmopiuM.
1, Desmodii sp.

Herbacea decumbens adpresse pilosa.

. Foliis pinnatis 1-jugis cum impari ; foliolis oblongo-ellipticis
basi subcordatis reticulatis integris subtus glaucis terminali
majore, stipulas membranaceas linearib. acuminatiss. stipellis
conformibus, minoribus. :

Racemis flor. pyramidal. terminalibus, axillaribusque

multifloris bracteatis, bracteis ovatis acuminatis, sub-
Scariosis nervosis ciliatis, deciduis, floribus binis in axillis

bractearum, purpureis, cernuis, pedicellis gracillis, 2-lineali-
bus.

Cal. tubo brevi, limbo bilabiato partito, lab. super bjalato,
inferior 3-fido.

Vexillum subobcordat. alis suboppositum intus suturat.
Purpureo-maculis 2, lutescent, ad unguem, extus pallidum,
ale oblonge extus saturati purpurez, intus pallidze, carine
subcohzrentes. Carina navicularif. utrinque basin versus, l-
dentat.

Stam. diadelpha 9 et 1, tubo stamineo recto.

Stigma capitat. stylus post anthesin in ovario decumbens,
Ovarium compressum glanduloso pubescens? l-loculare plu-

ti ovulat. Legum.

Has. In graminosis. Mergue: Oct. 1834.

2 Desmodii sp.
- Suffruticosa erecto-ramosa, ramulis pilosis, pilis. médi affi-

: xis,

Foliis l-jugis cum impari elliptico-lanceolatis basi cordatis
atis cum mucrone, integris reticulatis subtus deflexo-

440 DICERMA. -

Stipulis: membranaceis stipellisque longe acuminatis,
subcrescentis Racemis, terminalibus pubescentibus.

Bracteis cordato-acuminatis deciduis ciliatis, floribus bina-
tim aggregatis. .

Cal. lab. super emarginato, infer. 3-dentato vexillum
carina brevius, carina navicularis hinc medium infra 1-dentat.

Stam. diadelph. 9 et 1, Stigma capitat.

Legumina lomentacea subfalcata, margine superiora pla-
centifera integra venosa, pilis uncinatis hispida articulis, 1-
spermi indehiscentibus.

Flores pallide alis saturatius ceruleis notato etiam carina -

apex.
Han. In hortis prope Mergue: Oct. 1834.
Varias foliolis elongatis lanceolatis angustioribus.

.DickRMA.

Fruticosa erecta, ramis verrucosis ramulis velutinis. Fol.
pinnatis 1-jugis cum impari, foliolis lanceolatis acuminatis. re-
pandis utrinque sed przesertim subtus ad venas pubescentibus
reticulatis, stipulis basi latis apicibus setaceis, stipellis basi
angustiorib.

Ramulis floriferis axillaribus terminalibusque foliis floralibus
distichis imbricatis stipatis. breviter petiolatis, petiola in
setam abeunte, l-jugis foliolis cordato-orbicularib. subre-

s nervosis reticulatis, mucronatis stipulis stipillisque
lanceolatis acuminatis castaneis.

Floribus pluribus in axillis folio floralis, eoque obtectis,

albis cujusque parvis pedicellis brevibus basi bracteolat. |

3-fido.

Cor. papilionacea, vexillum oblongam sepalis tubo opposit-

Alz lineares late superior ad unguem I -dentat. hue
beeyiores carina arcte cohærens.

Cal. basi bracteolat. bilabiat, lab. superior integro infer.

^

[ove cA ee et: Ie EN

MEGALOTROPTIS. 441

Stam. diadelpha 9 et 1, stylus pilosus apice glabrus, stigma
= Sübcapitat. medio constricta ideoque longe setacea stylo
~ terminal 2-ovulato.

Has. In sylvis Mergui etiam Moulmein

e

ERYTHRINA.

Erythrina bisetosa.

Arbor humilis, trunco albo crasso, ramulis aculeatis, petiolis-
que pubescenti-vellutinis, fol. longe petiolatis (juniorib.) rhom-
beo-deltoid. subacuminatis, 3-nerviis, petiolulis brevibus latera-
libus basi glandulosis. terminali biglandulos. Stipeli lineares
foliaceæ reflexz.

Racemis ante flores evolutis, terminalibus secundis densiflo-
ris, floribus spiraliter dispositis, maximis coccineis, pedicellis _
‘Autantibus, velutinis, calyce extus velutino-pubescens.

Cal. basi 2-bracteolat. bracteolis setaceis deciduis, tubu-
- losus, ore truncato, setas 2 coloratis (dentes) gerenti ad an-
thesin postice fisso.
Cor. papilionacea vexillo maximo obovato ascendente,
postico coccineo carinæque petali conforma, multoties bre-
viore, oblonga obtussima sanguinea.
— Stam. subdiadelph. tubo eiiis a tedio filamentisque
Coccineis. Anth. lineares versatiles. Stylus elongatus subu-
lat. Stigma capitat.

Ovar, longe stipitat. fusco-pubescent. velutin. l-loculare
Pauci ovulat,
| "Oies Mergue, prope luta: January, 1835.

MEGALOTROPIS.
alotropis buteiformis, Voight.

The Aaina description of the plant i in flower,.is taken
72 Specimens flourishing in the Bot. Garden Serampore.
p F 3

442 - LEGUMINOS2,

4-5 pedalis robusta. Caule parum ramoso flexuoso angulato,
pube dense alba.

Stipulis caducis.

Fol. omnino Butes subcoriacea subasperula deltiformi-cor-
data acuminata repanda, subtus albida laterali basi inferne
obliqua. Petiolis pedalibus, stipellis fol. laterat. oblique cor-
dato-ovat. solitar. fol. terminalis 2, quasi dimidiata.

Flores racemoso-paniculati, pzeniculis erectis, folii suba-
quant. racemis abbreviatis quasi in capitulos, paucifloros.

Pedicelli sepe semitorti ideoque flos szpe resupinatus.

Calyx tubulosus, coriaceis dorso faucem posticum (vexillo
opposit) crenat. 3-dentatus non bilabiatus, dentibus 2 posticis
confluentibus emarginatione minima excepta.

Cor. papilionacea coccinia sericeum vexillum oblongum alas.
subzequant. ale oblongis ungue laminam subzquanti libera.

Carina petalis reliquis longior. condup. convolut. partibus
apices. versus tantum concretis,

Processus den

formes _coccinei. reflexi. utrinque labellum

- Stam. diadelpha 9 et 1. Filam. infera pilosa. Anth. medio
affix biloculares longitud. dehiscent.

Stylus subulatus basin excepta glabratus. tema
capitat. terminal.

Ovarium posticum gibbum e basin ad apicem styli gradatim
attenuat. Ovula 2 ad formam sursum spectantum.

= Legumen junioris, with calyce sphacelate but unchanged,
basin stipat. obovate strap-shaped, suturis 2 elevatis (subsessili)
so far as regards the calyx the pubescens venoso rugosum.

Semen unicum apicem versus, the lower ovulum now distant
and abortive.

Legume in outline scimitar-shaped compressed aspero
pubescent. suturis przesertim interior placentigeri incrassatis
venoso-reticulatis coriaceum apice sublignea.
ad apicem teguminum magum, album enclosed in
its inm; size, | the other lamine otherwise intimatel

Em uw Le *
mierooy :
2 "EJ d — WM

PONGAMIA, 443

Tegum. unicum crassim spogiosum, that.is, with a spongy
diploe.

Embryo conformat semen. Cotyledouas superum auricu-
lat, auriculis out-topping the apex of the short conical root ;
which is curved. Plumule majuscula.

I sent the seeds of this plant to Dr. Voight of Serampore,
from the Gyntea or Sylhet Hills, alt. 3500 feet, where I found

itin fruit in the latter end of the year 1837, it was there
à stout suffruticose plant, growing in company ; and I called
it Butea suffruticusa.

PonGAMIA.
1, Pongamia glandulosa.

Arborea, fol. pinnatis, 8-jugis cum impari, fol. oblongis
basi cordatis, emarginatis, coriaceis venosis. Petiolis supra
canaliculat. basi valde tumidis et quasi in cyathum corticis
Teceptis,

. Paniculis racemosis €—À longissimisque, floribus
parvis inconspicuis nutant. calycibus atro-sanguineis, vix
Sanguineo-coccinea, basi viridescent. ale carinaque al
plus minus roseo-tinctz. -

Cal. turbinat. tubo brevi, limbo truncato subinflexo, Geshe
donis;

2 er. papilion. vix cordato-reniformia ascend. alis carinaque
T brevior, Carinæ petal. ad basin limbi 2-dentat.

; Ovar. stylusque brevis pubescens. Stigma simplex, glan-
tule ovate hypogyne 10, ovarium basin cingens! parce .
2s Stylis apicem versus glaber. Ovar. l-loculare did

- Mergui: January, 1835.
glandulus perigynus typus Leguminosarum itim
Muni sp. 2, Inu atropurpurea, ——

444 LEGUMINOSAE.

2. Pongamie sp.

Arbor 30 pedalis, umbrosa, foliis pinnatis 4-5 jugis cum
impari, foliolis ovali-acuminatis basi inzequalibus, obtusis in-
tegerrimis coriaceis reticulat. Paniculis racemosis, termi-
nalibus, fusco-velutinis. Racemis densifloris.

Pedicellis brevibus articulatis basi bracteatis, bractea parva
ovata caduca.

Calycibus atterrima purpureis, corolla sanguinea macula
lutea ad basin vexilli.

Cal. basi 2-bracteolat. tubo brevi, limbo subbilabiata,
lab. super emarginato rotundato, inf. 3-dentato, dentib.
acutis, vix ascendens. Ale oblonge carinæ longitud. ad
apicem unguis, bi-auriculat. Carina navicularis.

Stam. diadelpha 9 et 1, filam. subulata. Anth. ovate bilo-
cular. Pollen oblongum hinc sulcat.

Cupula perigyna, obtuse dentata, ovarium pubescens stipi-
tum cingens. Ovula stipulata. Stylus brevis. Stigma sim-
plex acute, 1-loculare, pauci-ovulat. Legume.

Has. In sylvis. Ins. Madamaca: January, 1835.

DALHOUSIEA,
1, Dalhousiea bracteata, Gr.

Frutex erectus, ramulorum cortex albescens, stipule lan-
ceolatæ, subcoriaceze, persistentes. Petioli 2-unciales utrin-
que incrassati ibidemque rugosuli.

Fol. simplicea, ovati-oblonga, basi cordata vel subpeltata,
cuspidata, cuspida brevi-obtusa repanda, subtus parce pilosa
utrinque nitida, penninervia, venulæ arcuate conspicux.

Panicula terminalis pubescens disticha, ramis basi bibrac-
teatis, bracteis stipuliformibus, bracteole suborbiculares in-
tegri ad basin cujusque eem, et his abortientibus medium
versus rami.

Bracteole his omnino conformes sed oblongz, recta sinis-
traque, ETES alabastra omnino includentes.

DALHOUSIEA. 445

Cal. urceolatus quasi depressus, piloso pubescens margine
subinvoluta, dentibus 5 obsoletis, quarum 2 anticze majores.

Cor. papilionacea, vexillum late obcordatum, longiusculi-
Stipitat. macula lutea unguem versus, ale oblonge hinc,
denticulate. Carinae petalis 2, leviter coherentibus, bipartita.

Stam. 10 his vexillum versus vel brevioribus, ima basin
coalita. Filam. subulata. Anth. adnatze biloculares.

Ovarium breve stipitatum, 1l-loculare sub 4-ovulatum.
Stylus subulatus. Stigma terminali subcapitatum papillosum
minutum. Ovula, breve funiculata, alterna, foramen conspicu-
um, papilliforme hilum versus styli basi versus aspiciens.

- Legumen ovatum, compressiusculum, utrinque , acutum
Subinflatum, bivalve.

- Semen I, an semper, testa ovato-oblongum compressum
testa castaneo-lutescente, adherens. Cotyledones maximc
Carnose, plano-convex:e semini-conformes. Radicula brevis
recta conica. Plumula subconspicua diphylla ?

Podalyria bracteata Roxb.

Has. In Colliculis Chattuc et Charra Poonjee inter: Oct.
7th, 1835. |

2. Dalhousiea paucisperma, Gr. Pl. DCIII. Fig. IV.
Arbuscula, stipulis ovatis membranaceis brunneis deci-
: duis, petiolis utrinque valde incrssatis, foliis late ovatis bre-
viter acuminatis, basin subcordatis integris supra lucidis, venis
Condariis arcuata nexis interstitiis reticulatis, floribus axil-
laribus solitariis,
: : Pedunculo medio et ad apicem bibracteato, bracteis late
.. Ovatis, membranaceis, caducis, bi-articulato.
.. Legumen breviter. crasseque stipitatum, a medio infra
FüDneum, basi bracteis 2 suffulto, oblongo-ovatum magis
x enti 'osum ac in plantum precedent. subfalcatum, apice acu-
em : lo compresso, styli ima basi apiculat. nec ne, biloculare
awe oligosperma.
ves Semina 1.3 maxima castanea luteo-tincta difformia, facie-
bus contiguis planis, ceterum utrinque convexis, summo,

446 LEGUMINOSA.

iufimoque quando triaplaniuscula, levia, micropyle incons-
picue. Chalaza linearis, latiuscula. Raphe inconspicua. Te-
gumenta sub-3-na extus, intus coriaceo-membranacea 2 in-

teriora praesertim interna cellulosa. Cotyledones semini con- .
formes carnose, plano-convex:z. Radicula obtusa fere hæ-

mispherica hili latus ad superum. — Plumula conspicua.
B. Assam. Noadwar: February 17th, |

CA@SALPINIA.

Cesalpinia paniculata, Roxb.

Rami teretes aculeis brunneis uncinatis sparsi viridescentes.
Folia bipinnata, superiora subpedalia, petiolo aculeato.

Pinnae distantes; sub-4-jugæ, subdigitates, petiolules
aculeolatis.

Foliola 2-3 juga, petiolululi sublineales, lamina lanceotata

obtusa coriacea, integerrima, long. 15-16 lin. lat. 7-8 lineali,
Subtus glauca, et reticulata depresso.
Panicula terminalis, rami inferiores 2.3 ramosi, reliqui
simplices, pedunculo communi inferne aculeato.
Flores in pedicelles articulati 3-4 lineali. lutescentibus
basi bractea nigrescente squamiformi acuminata suffultes ;
ejus aurei.

. tubus obconicus obliquus, nempe centro lateri inferiore
` eontguore compressus ad bases laciniarum coloratum
ioco Menguum concavarum reflexo-patentium gibbosus.

infer. dpatioun) majus paullo, et cucullatum,
siiis extimum.

Pet. obovata, sepalorum circiter. longitudine, sed duplo la-
tiore, 2 lateralia superiora patentia, 2 lateralia inferiora patente
porrecta, 5-tum summum (posticum) minus patens
spathulato-lingulatum, zestivatione 2 lateral. superior imbrica-
tum, vel ungue lobo tubo filamentorum imposito lamiana Cot-

ee petalis aliis, de mè

SPP Nm Te ene oe
TUM. O0 E AAAS MERE a tel T AT ce

TERRORISTS S TRUE Tee NEUF E

PARKINSONIA. 447

_Adelphus villoso-pubescens subdeclinatus, filamentis dis-
tinctis insertis calyce ad gibberes, subqualibus, subulatis,
petalis longioribus.

Anthere brunnez, lanceolato-ovate basin affixe bilocula-
res, pollen aurantiaceum. Ovarium villoso-pubescens basi
angustatum in stylo filiformi viridi staminum longitudini
gradatim attenuat.

Ov. centrum placente versus l-ovulatum (an unquam.)

Stylus apice incrassatus, perforatus, apertura margines ci-
E liolati, stigma nulla nisi apertura citata.

ott makes the colored calyx part of the generic
char. of Pterolobium.

leaves were not observed to be ferruginous or rusty
underneath, but glaucous. |

PARKINSONIA.
— Parkinsonia aculeata.

Frutex 10-15 pedalis. Rami flexuosi. Folia bipinnata
bijuga, pinnis petiolis alatis complanatis, basibus rotundis
. lnerassatis, apicibus attenuatis. Foliolis parvis, alternis, ova-
tis petiolatis. Petiolo commune in aculeum desinent. alatus
utrinque 1-glanduloso,

Flores racemosi terminali flavi, petalo antico nici rubris,
“eames pedunculis cum racemo articulatis, flores odo-
“Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis subzqualibus reflexis lanceolatis
basibus in tubum brevem vel potius cyathum persistentem
— sestivatio imbricata, sepalo — qe super-

"m ENS perigyns, sepalis pim, $i sessilia, 1 antico
Sum. 10 perigyna.. Filamente biserialia, seriei externa

sepalis, interna petalis opposita, filiformia, versus bases
Pilosa, Antheræ medio dorsi affixe, bilocul. longitud,

448 LEGUMINOS/A.

dehiscentes. Pollen oblongum leve in aqua immersum
materiam oleosam emittens.

Ovarium sessile. Stylus filiformis, Stigma simplex obli-
quum, ovar. pilosum, 1-loculare, pauci-ovulatum tegumen
basin cyatho persistento stipitatum glabrum.

Has. Circa Madras frequinter culta, szpius in sepibus
crescit.

Cassia.
Cassia alata.

Frutex annuus, 4-8 pedalis, foliis pinnatis 12-14 jugis,
foliolis oblongis mucronato-acntis, subsessilibus penninerviis,
nervis secondariis conspicuis, basi infera obliquis, infimis
axille proximis, glabris, petiolo supera late canaliculato,
spate ovatis Monique acuminatis, coriaceis, cito induratis.

superior, 1-13 pedalibus, multifloris
floribus, magnis conspicuis, deis, odore subingrato. Pœo-
niaceo.

Calycis tubo viridis sepalis aureis revolutis.

Pet. flavis.

Stam. 2 maximis fertilibus petalis 2 infimis oppositis, pos-

tico intermedio 3-bus, anticis omnino sterilibus, ovarium
deorsum curvatum. Stigma truncatum.
actea maxima obovato-concava subcucullata cuique

flora, tubo calycis stipita.

. Ovarium omnino adnat.

Legumina compressa, suture quaque ipn. alis 2
maximus transversis foliaceis crenatis, polysperm

Has. In ruderatis humidis umbrosisque Maiga in exe
midis Moulmein : Nov. 1834.

The legumes have exactlythe appearance of being forme :
from two carpellary leaves, the margins of which running
outwards from the wings, it is needless to add, that this €47^-

not be the real structure. The leaves according t° f
mthi Mice lpm

ELE MEC y NET Ss = "
eee SS Oe ee ee, SE a

449
ys HYMENIA.
Hymenea courbaril,

Pedicelli crassi in pedunculo articulato, inflorescentia race-
moso-cymosa.

Cal. tubo crassissimo ultra medium in sepalis 5, szepe duo-
rum, vel varia coalitione 3, caducis coriaceis divisus, estiv.
imbricat,

Cor. (no disposition to papileonaceous) ob-petalorum cyathi-
formis, Petala 5, rotundata sessilia, concava in annulo
; carnoso, tubo calycis coronata inserta, caduca, pellucido-
punctata! zstiv. imbricata, pet. unico intimo sutura dorsali
opposito, ideoque vexillum referens.

Stam. 10 annulo inserta supra petala uniseriata.

. Filamenta subulata, crassa alba. Anth. versatilis apice
` Subito constrictissima, caduca, zestivat. inflexa et introrsa
bilocul. loculis linearibus ad margines, connectivum crassum
carnosum reniformum, vasa plura in crescentem disposit.*
varium planum viscosum rubescens, carnoso-coriaceum
Stipitat. Ovulis plurimis, anatropis, (raphal vessels indistinct,
Dut nearly semi-complete) oblique margo rectus placen-

a
— Stylus filiformis, verrucosulus vel scabrellus, ob. elevationes
Punct, pellucid. ;

. Stigma reniformia capitat. sinu suture ventral opposit.

A plant with but slight likeness of the family: and
Temarkable for the fleshy tube of the calyx? and the glan-
dular thick lining, produced above into a thick ring, into
the petals and stamina are inserted as well as for the
late insertions of the stamina, for the articulitions of
nflorescence and se pals, for the caducousneis of petals and
- (Are these last two peculiarities related to each
"o Quse d
Stigma is of the usual Leguminous type, which I take

Zestivat, of corol. and section of the anther, see, a, Pl. DLX X VIII.
mE : e3

450 LEGUMINOSZ.

to consist of a production of the stigmatic or placental tissue |
* beyond the open end of the convolute leaf, which in this
case is united throughout nearly its whole lengt h.

What is the reason why in all this tribe, the stalk of the
ovarium is obliquely inserted in the disk and with regard to
the axis ? In this, the obliquity is towards the ventral suture.

Can the anatropism of the ovula have any thing to do
with the rectembriate embryos ?

The stigmatic canal is choked up with tissue and sur-
rounded by a ring of vessels, derived from several fasciculi
crescently arranged at each suture, the sides of the ovary ap-

. pear to be cellular, its superficies has crowds of ae at
right angles.

"Most of the pollen is incomplete, water causes s the protrusi-
on of fovilla, which on the application of iodine often appears
like an extremely long highly convoluted gut, but not S0.
membranous as Whois tubes produced in other plants by
stigmatic action. It appears to have two coats, both very

thin, the outer usually like the inner, with 3-5 pores.

A longit. section of the calyx tube, shewsa green superfi-
cies with which the sepals are continuous, the rest from which
all the genitalia and petals proceed, is white.

The vascular supplies pass up between these two, having
previously sent off long branches to the stalk of the ovary ;
is not this a proof, that the sepals really commence at their
articulations ? the so called tube being an excavation of the
apex of the axis,

The venation presents nothing peculiar, but is far from
being as mentioned by anthors, faint. of

There is a sort of obliquity apparently in the insertion :
the leaflets, owing to which, the smaller or oblique p^ ;
is innermost, the reverse of the usual position in the family £ —
Were it not for this, it might be considered as the first step ae
towards the formation of a Bauhinia leaf, that is, } if se

Tones, of that end are expisipable "i the r

Ara

SEN se S EPE ee ee ee ee a T

iR oe. Wee aes

aga

BAUHINIA. 451
2. Hymenea verrucosa.

Fructus ovoideus, breve stipitatus, stylo basi apiculatus
paullo obliquus, suturze indistincte superior distinctior.

LJ

D BavniNIA.

l. Bauhinie sp.

Arborea, ramuli teretes velutini, sparsim verrucosi. Fol.
basi cordata, foliolis ultra medium concretis dimidio-ovalibus,
5-nerv. subcrenat. breviter pubesc. presertim infra, supra
glaucissima, subargentia. Racemis erectis, pedicellis 1-floris.

: Cal. bilabiatim rumpens, sepalis reflexis.

. Pet. 5, irregul. longe unguiculata, antico majore vexilli-
forme plicato-repanda, relique mere repanda.

Stam. fertilia 3, longissima, petalis breviora, deorsum cur-
Anth. lineares versatiles, dorso pilose, sterilia 4 fili-
x formia minima, omnia basin l-delpha.

_ Ovar. stipitat. stipata inferne calyci adnato. Stylus
velutinus. Stigma subcapitat. Legumen l-loculare stipitata
pce triangularia.

Tah. In sylvis Moulmein supipaa.: Des, 1833.

: 2, Bauhinia isopetala, Gr.
Frutex, ramis flexuosis pubescent. fol. cordata ad medium
en partit. sinu setigero, 9-nervia, acuta reticulata, in-
tegra, coriacea subtus pubescent.
k . Racemis oppositifoliis terminalibus paucifloris, folior. cir-
Citer. longitudine.

Pedicellis, ad medium bibracteolatis et ad basin l- bracteat.
Calyce foliaceo hinc fisso.
Cor. maxime regularis pere quinto antico.

me

ko 10 fertilia basi L-delpha, subdeclinat. denen m

452 LEGUMINOS4E.,

Ovar. longe stipulat. Stylo unciali crasso. Stigma discoid.
maxim. 1

Sp. distinctissima. |

Has. Mergue. Legi etiam Pank, Medown Provinceæ
Amherst. Jan. 1835.

ENTADA.

Entada arborea, Gr.

Arbuscula, ramulis angulatis, fol. abrupte bipinatis, pinnis
suboppositis, foliolis pluribus alternis oblongis, basi superne
obliquis, subtus glaucis.

Racemis simplicibus axillaribus terminalibusque erectis
densifloris, foliis multoties brevior, floribus parvis inconspicuis
lutescent. suave odoratis.

Cal. minimus, tubo breviter 5-dentato.

Pet. 5, lanceolata subpatentis, estivatione valvata.

Stam. hypogyna 10, libera exserta, filam. filiformia com-
planata. Anth. bilocular. longit. dehiscent. connectiv. ultra
antheram in setam, apice glandula rubescent capitat. geren-
tem producto. Pollen composita ut in aliis Ingis e 12,
nucleo central. quadrat. in aqua immersa demum separa-

ilis.

Ovar. cylindricum, stipite brevissimo. Stylus filiformis.
Stigma simplice 1-loculare pluri-ovulat. foramen hilum prope.

Has. Ad margines sylve inter Kulwing et Mergue: F eb.
1835.

An Entada? an potius genus novum Entadam et lngam
intermedium ?

2. Entada sp.

Frutex longe scandens, foliis bipinnatis pinnis 2 jugis,
cirrho bifdo, petiole terminat. foliolis cun oblongis obo-
vatisve basi supera obliquis, emargina d i

Spicis web axillaribus vel md sepius in cirrhis

DESMANTHUS. 453

transformatis, Myuriformibus densifloris, floribus parvis primo
albidis demum ochroleucis.

Cal. tubo turbinato brevissimo 5-dentato.

Pet. 5 lanceolat. hypogyne staminibus mediantibus in
coroll. profunde 5 partit. coalitis zestivatio valvato.
. Stam. 10, longe exserta hypogyna, basibus inter se et cum
petalorum basibus in corpore carnoso coalitis, filamenta lon-
gissima clavato, subantberam abrupte attenuat. Anth. sub-
erect biloculi longitud. dehiscent. Connectiv. apice glan-
dula spheroidea glanduloso-papillosa, stipitat. demum decidua
gerente. Pollen simplex. Fam. rudim 0.
Has. Mergue. In sylvis ad littoram Ins. Madamaca prope
Es Putor; March 1835.

INGA.

Inge sp.

Arbor, fol. bipinnatis, foliolis parellogramma ob basin su-
Perne obliquis, oblique truncatis, petiolis angulatis, glandula

elevata inter pinnularum.
. Paniculis patentissimis, floribus minutis, viridescent suaviter
odoratis, filam. cupellarib. albis longissimis.
‘ Has. In sylvis Mergue: Dec. 1834.

DESMANTHUS.
ji Desmanthus natans, Gr.

a p iis, caulibus cellulosissime E pinnis 9-12-

Sy 3*4

Spicis axillaribus, apicibus tantum floriferis, foliis longio-
luteo-viridib. me densis. —.

tu bulotus 5-6

ge ae € astivatione ane calyce gems

454 LEGUMINOSAE,

Stam. 10 hypogyna libera. Filam. filiformi longe exserta
cellulosa. Anth. bilocul. longit. lateraliterque dehiscentes.

Ovarium sessile. Stylus filiformis, longe exsertus, stigma
cavum, I-loculare, pluri-ovulat. sepius interdum abortivum.
Ovulis 2-seriatis foramen hilum prope.

Floribus a medio infra abortivis, staminib. nempe in cor po-
rib. totid. lineari-spathulatis flavis,,basi submonadelphis abe-
untibus.

Has. In aquosis Mergue : Nov. 1834.

Stam. zstivation alternate longiora brevioreque, hec se-
palis, illa petalis opposita. Bractea colorata lanceolata cui-
que flora, DC. ait caulibus calloso-cellulosis, quid vult?
calyx 3 dentatus, dentibus 2 super minimis, nec 5-dentat. ut
etiam ait,

POMACEA.

CRATAGUS.

Cratagi sp. Pl. DLXXII. Itinerary Notes, p. 160 nd»
821.

Has. Bootan. e
Pomacee sp. Pl. DLXXIII. Itinerary Notes, p. 178, no.
921.

Has. Bootan.
| ROSACEA.
Rosa.

Rosa hetrostyla, Gr. Pl. DLXXIV. Itinerary Notes, t

179, no. 926.

CORIARACEA. — .
EUMDEM.
-Coriaria sn, Pl. DLXXXV.

ae ee ene ee eae es Uc LE

455
OXALIDE/E.

i ÅVERRHOA.
Averrhoa carambola, Pl. DXL. Fig. IV.

Arborea ramulis velutinis fol. impari-pinnatis petiolis ve-
lutinis, foliolis alternis ovatis acuminatis, sepius ubique
terminali majore.

. Panieulis cymosis terminalibus. Peduneulis pedicellisque
rubro-miniatis, floribus numerosis parvis purpureis calyce
rübro miniato.

_ Cal 5.sepalus, sepalis oblongis inzqualibus zstivatione
inliticatis.

Pet. 5 hypogyna sepalis alternantia spathulato, lanceolato-
reflexa, marginibus basin versus leviter cohærentibus.

_ Stam. monadelpha nempe basin in cupulam ovarium cin-
gentem coalita, 5 fertilia sepalis opposit. 5 sterilia subulata
petalis opposita, filam subulat. Anth. ovate bilocul. longit.
- dehise Scent.

— Styli 5 filiformia hispida stamina superantes.
~ Stigmata totidem subcapitat.

[ Ovarium hispid. acute 5-gontum e
5-loculare, loculis plano-ovulatis, vais 4-setiatis pendulis
ae ramen hilum prope.

C Fructus pendulus, ingqualiter bonus lucidus 12-loculares
ortien

mina pendula, l-cuique loculo? compressa, arillo cellu-
mnino obtecto.

à Albumen parcum carnoso-corneum. Cotyledones plane
aad Radicula teres hilum. qr Plumula incons-
cua, |
; Mergue. In iive Madian: Oct. 1834.

P etalorum. saree’ pibriacdiera. describit. in spe-

‘Spathu

m.

but still there appears no tendency to transformation. |
tly form

456 OXALIDEA:
OxaLis. .

Ozalis, Pl. DXL Fig. II.

In the common Oxalis of Assam, curious transformations
often occur, giving the whole plant, the habit of an Illecebrum

or Paronychia.

Several stages are visible on the same specimen, the’ first

of which consists of a metamorphosis of the sepals into per
reduced to one lobe or leaflet.

In this case they originate from the same plane. The lali
have a tendency to the same transformation, one being more
so than the rest. The stamens and carpellary leaves are nearly
unchanged, and these last are opposite the shorter stamina
which m are opposed to the leaves.

< DXL. Fig. II. 1-2-3. In these instances Similar

shai ad are often approximated to those resulting from
the mutation of the sepals, so that at first sight the calyx
appears double, I should observe that in the cam piis
there is often a tendency to lobation. -

In the next stage the whole or the greater number "

petals are similarly changed, the leaves being bilobed. The sta-
mina are diminished in size, but their proportions continue
the same. The angles of the ovary are more distinct, and
the apices of the carpellary leaves are quite so, they are
sterile, their margins distinct not glandular. and touching
the continuation of the axis which is separate: see 4-5-6.

In the next stage, the Stamens are more and more Shots
carpellary leaves have become separated and eviden
a verticillus of leaves attached to a short continuation of the
axis, their margins are inflexed, or indeed their limbs are
conduplicate, their margins are not ovuliferous. The centre

leaves, alternating with the carpellary oi ones, : i a9
white hairs, These appear to me to be the rudiments of à
second TR prune the rudiments of at

jing com" -

ud

P dis BALSAMINE, ‘457

Lu bacis of a loves, but of this I.am b» no means s sure,
-8-9.
© Mother stage bacis the great elongation of the axis
(bearing the carpellary leaves which however have.no tendency _
to explanation, some of'the- second calycine leaves have
become. petiolate. Beyond this I can,say nothing, these -
. leaves however appear to be more irregularly situated : see
. fig. 10.
^ With regard to stage, fig. 6, casual examination leads me
to imagine, that the calycine leaves developed at a later period,
in the axills of the carpellary ones, are transformed ovula.
. The most interesting parts of the above imperfectly exa-
> mined metamorphosis are, the evidently less tendency in the
Stamina to assume the form of leaves, the decided objection
A z explanation in the carpellary.leaves, and in their axils be-
Coming the nidus as it were, for the attempt at the formation
of another flower.
— Naga Hills: March 10th, 1836.

-. 2. Oxalis sp. Pl. DXL. Fig. III. Itinerary Notes, p. 149,

*

. Has. Bootan.
BALSAMINE A.

Ed IMPATIENS.

> ‘Impatiens malayensis, Gr. Pl. DLXXVI. Fig. II.

. Herbacea, ramosa, caulibus ramisque pubescent. foliis
utrinque attenuatis elongato-lanceolatis argute serratis, subtus

: ad nervos pubescentib. petiolis pluri-glandulosis, floribus
Piden 4-5 confertis, calcare su ubulato. mE corollàm

p apum biseriatis, seriei externa minimi brac-

mucranato, infera

alosa in. calcar- odasi mucronata,

w

I.
[^v

exist; such is the case in the line of junction of the tw? —

à the base of th the ak

458 ; BALSAMINE,

Pet. 2, sepalis coloratis seriei interior alternantia, 3- oli; *
lobis valde ingqualibus. -
Stam. hypogyna 5, filamentis complanatis clavatis connec-
tivis carnosis. Anth. cohsrentes bilocular transverse apicibus a
dehiscentes.. Pollen oblongum cellulis areolatum. EU

E T
ds Bey id t
a V rure TETTE IMS

Stylus brevissimis. Stigma conicum apice 5-fidum antheris,
amplexum. 1
Ovarium pilosum 5-loculare, loculis Saar ovulis
pendula e funiculo brevi crasso foramen hilum versus. |
Aistivatio calycis imbricato.
Each petal is formed of 2, the upper lateral lobe represent-
ing one, as is evident from the venation. a lower sepal, 6
upper ditto, c, d, e, and 2 smaller ditto, g, h, larger petals.
Has. Mergue. :
. Affinis Balsim. coccinez sed folia non pape e
.Supposing the flower to consist of 9 parts, the arrange- `
ment would be thus: 5 sepals, of which the 2 smaller alter-
nate with the upper and outer sepals, 2 larger with the
outer and inferior largest sepal.
Hence the 5th which is wanting, would, if present, alternate
with the 2 upper sepals, and be opposite the lower or spur
sepal. - j

The venation of the upper sepal as it really exists, is how-
ever opposed to this, as vascular fascicles exists in what
appears to be the line of junction of two sepals, whereas it
is a general rule, that in such lines of junction no vessels

*

petals, which appears hitherto to have been unnoticed, but ©
it is a distinct proof of each petal being formed of two, the
venation of the upper sepal is similar to that of the lowes.
spurred one, another objection. If we assume the periant! .
to be quaternarily divided, it becomes strictly no normal, but
then. the stamina and ovaria are quinarily divided. The
„ìs covered by a cellular toothed process arising - foe

i Hr
Ee. o

2. Impatiens assamensis, Gr.

Caulis subspithamzeus obtuse angulatus rubro-tinctus.

Fol. alterna ovata vel ovato lanceolata. acuminata dentata,
- dentibus magnis rotundatis sinubus processum subulatum
subinflexum gerentibus, subtus saturata viridia, aspectu ve-
luting’ infra rubescentia sublente pellucido-punctata, venatio
insignis, primaria recta, secondarize basi transvers:e, tunc ar-
cuatz, apicibus convexis, venis transversis paullo curvatis
mutuo nexa, secondariis miaoribus pluribus interjectis, den-
tibus eveniis !
Racemi axiliares longissimi diaphani lutescentes erecti.

Bractea pedicell. quemque fulciens, ovata concava decidua
pedicellis filiformibus apice clavatis multoties brevioribus.

Flores progenere parvi lutei. -

* Sepala lateralia extimaque minima, ovata cuspidata, mar-
- gine inferiore valde obliquo postico rotundato concavo peta-

viride tincto subcucullato reflexo antico e-2 connatis

‘maximo ore oblique infundibuliforme late ovato cuspidato
. in calcar longissime subulatum, obtusum, pedicellum eos
“pes recurvum vel incurvum product.

inus," "eral biloba, lobo postico rotundato cris-
pato, antico lineari longissimo exserto obliquo quoad ejus axin
margine superiori subrepando, inferiore rectiusculo.

| Stam. monadelpha, tubo elongato sed postice longiore in-
: it iere fisso.
4 Filam, T brevissima filiformia, antica demissius - ex-

: - Antherae Bavis colverentes, basi afixe, latbiliter she
centes, Pollen flavum, oblongo-ellipticam renee esis areo- |
lita, Stylus conicus brevis. Stigma simplex.

ium teretiusculum curvata, S-loculare; septis tenuissi-
- facillime "m aria placentisgne: . Ovula 0O pen-

TIO] sito foramine

hilum prope inferiores et interiore situm.

IMPATIENS. : 459

Pet. 2, forma valde irregulari sepalum posticum sais 5

e

460 XANTHOXYLEX,

Tegumentum unicum nucleo adhzrens, nuclei? apex liber,
paululum exsertus.

Has. Assam. Legi specimen unicum ad ripas Burrum-
pootra arenosus prope Dibong Mookh: April 4th, 1836.

Affinis videtur. I. urticifolie Fl. Ind. 2, 457.

Sp. CHan. Foliis breviter petiolatis, ovatis acuminatis
grosse dentatis sinubus piliferis utrinque glabris, venis tertiariis
transversis, Racemis axillaribus longissimis multifloris. Brac-
teis deciduis ovatis parvis, sepalo postico rotundato reflexo.
Calcare longissimo subulato recurvo incurvove, lobis anticis
petalorum linearibus longissima exsertis, ovariis 5 locularibus,

Bs. Pollen non areolatum, videtur reticulat. ob granulus
contentas maximas, aquze immersum sub 4-gonum ad angulo
uno szepius hinc boyau exserens. Petala bilobum e 2 connatis
oritur ut judicare licet e dispositione vasculorum, venula
etiam distincta sinu parellelo currit, hujus ope lobi nexi iint
Petioli brevi marginati, basi processubus bilobis, lobo superiore
subulatis capitatis, inferiore dentiforme. Fig. i. Pl. DLXXVI.

Sepalum 5 tum calcaratum anticum, ut patet e positione
staminum que sepalis opposita sunt.

XANTHOXYLEA,
FaGARA.

Fagara triphylla, Roxb.
Frutex. Ramuli teretes, ad nodos incrassati novelli
compressi glauco-czesii. boxer
Folia opposita tryphylla, long. 3} —34 uncial. lat. 14 unc- pel"
lucido-punctata petiolus fere 1-2 uncialis, teres apice et basin
incrassat : foliolorum petioluli subbilineales supra canalicu-
lata, lamina lanceolata vel lanceolato-obovata subacuta, leviter
eonduplicata, integerrima subcarnosa, venis secondariis arcu
tim nexis, interveniis minute reticulatis, lateralia basi seepe

inzqualia, foliolum terminali paullo majus.

s

RUTACEJE. 461

Paniculz opposite axillares, foliis breviores, subcorymbi-
ormes e cymis conflate, superiores interdum przecociores
pedunculus glaucescens ad nodos incrassat. .glauco-czsius
rami inferiores sub 14 unciales secondarii minute puberuli.

ractea minute puberula subramulum quemque. Cyme
irregulares, szepius videntur triflore, flore centrali preecociore,

Pedicelli 13 lineales puberuli, laterales, basi 2-3 bracteolati
Sepe videntur umbellulati.

Flores numerosi polygami (numerus nomalis videtur 9,
nempe 3, cyme triflore) parvi albi, subodori.

Sepala '4, ovato-rotundata, puberula. Petala totidem
punctata, oblongo-rotundata, estivatione valvata, sublineam
longa, initio erecta, cito imbricati-conniventea et clausa.
Stam. 4, alternantia cum petalis, filamenta subulata alba
recta, ante anthesin apice introflexo, per anthesin exserta
Stricta, Anthere oblonge, vel ovales medio-affix;e introrse.
Pollen albidum, immers. globosum granulosum l-porosum.

Ovarium lütescens depresso-rotundatum, obtuse 4-lobum,

p (lobis petalis oppositis) parce pilosum petalis multo-brevius.

Stylus ovario ipso paullo brevior, columnaris 4-sulcatus.
Stigma subsimplex minute 4-lobum, inclusum, of two cells,

~ Dearly distinct except near the middle, where it is attached to

the filament.

Has. Malacca, in humidiusculis : Jan. 1845.

RUTACEA.
CYMINOSMA.
que compressiusculi, albidi. Petioli 5-7 lineales utrin-

que i Incrassati, teretes. Folia lamina long. 4-5 uncial,
: d Obovata vel obovato-lanceolata, coriacea p

462 RUTACE.E.

Racemi vel paniculz axillares solitarii vel subaggregati,
folii excedenti, pedunculi herbacei, coloris bractea minuta
squamiformis sub ramulam et florem quemque. Pedicelli 3-
31 linealis utrinque incrassatiusculi, basi articulati.

Flores minuti viridescentes; toro lutescenti, tetrameri.

Calyx minutus 4-partitus vel potius sepal 4 dentifor. e pedi-
celli dilatato.

Petala totidem reflexa apiculo inflexo oblongo-ovata
zstivatione valvata.

Stam. 8 hypogyna, his sepalis opposita, paullo majora
filamenta e basi extrors. curvata erecta, albida, subulata.
Antherz ovato-sagittatze erect mucronate, albz, biloculares
basi affixe.

Torus magnus conspicuus luteus ambitu subcrenulatus
placentiformis ovarium extus cingit. et amplectibus.

varium fere toroimmersum. Stylus 4-loculare. Stigma 4-
lobum, 4-angulat. lobis petalis oppositis. Ovula bina curvis
loculo anatropa pendulo appensa.

Oss. The observations of Wight. and Arnott in a note re-
garding the torus seem to me quite correct, the ovary is in fact
seated in the shallow hollow of a large disc, but no more
than the base is inclosed.

Has. Malacca Ninghull. January 30th, 1845.

PARAPLEXIS.

Paraplezis, Pl. DLXXVII. Fig. I.

upa exacte globosa, lete coccinea levissima nitida, mag-
nitudine fructus Ardiseze ejusdemque coloris vertice vestigio
minuto obliterato, stigmatis punctiformis.

Putamen tenue subglobosum osseum, vertice hinc hili situ

oppositum, crassiusculum griseo-album. Funiculus putame"
hinc adnatus, lateraliter apicem loculi versus currens, infra
apicem ad locum crassiorem, putaminis terminans, T
Tanor, inferne AM uMioE factus, :

OCHNACEA. 463

Semen pericarpia vel putaminis cavitati conforme ` pendu-
lum. -Tegumentum simplex venulosum tenuissimum, pallide
fuscum hine ad hilum foveolatum et secus cursum funicula
longitudinaliter sulcatum.

Albumen copiosum cavitatis putaminis conforme album.

. Embryo dicotyledoneus inversus, axilis. Radicula teretius-
cula, supera, partem superam sub attenuatam, seminis versus
Spectans.

Cotyledones foliacee magne cordate sub 5-nerviz,
venis anastomosantibus reticulate, plane, subrepandem.
Plumula inconspicua.

Genus formam stigmatis Erythrochiton meo accedens, vix
Ternstroemiaceum.

OCHNACEX.
OcuHna.
: 1. Ochna crocea.

Arbuscula, stipulis membranaceis, lanceolato-acuminatissi-
mis decidius, fol. lanceolato-acutis, obtusisque serratis
. Serraturis mucronatis.
Racemis terminalibus plurifloris, calycis fructus viride
Tübro-coccineis, filamentis pluribus persistent. gynobasi
Ràximo rubescente ochroleuco carnoso, hemisphzrico, medio
stylo apiculat.

Varia, plura abortiva vel eorum cicatrices gerente, car-
Pellum tantum maturato oblongo viride, foliaceo, endocarpio
Coriaceo, an demum osseo ?

Semen unicum erectum.

Testa cellulosa fungosa exostomio maximo, fungoso.
ryo inversus, radicula nempe supera brevissim. Cotyle-
S carnosz plano-convexz. - Plumula inconspicua.

Has. Mergue. Ad littoram maris Ius. Madamaca Pator :

464 OCHNACE.

‘2. Ochna lucida.

Arbor 30-40 pedalis, foliis alternis lanceolatis, lucidis -

acutis denticulatis, stipulis linearibus erectis, floribus cons-

picuis, luteis, racemoso paniculatis. Paniculis terminalibus,

abbreviatis. Pedunculis szpius e floris erectis. Pet. 5. An-
theris linearibus, terminalibus. Stylo declinato. ^ Stigmato
capitato. Carpellis 10. See Fig. VI. Pl. DCV., a style and
stigma, 6 style detached.

Has. Ad littoram maris prope Amherst: Fed. 1834.

The stigma is not truly capitate, it is subinfundibuliform
with repand margins. The styles 10 in number, are united
into one column, each of which has an ovate stigma, with
thickened margins. It is the aggregation of these that gives
the capitate appearance.

e gynobas is nothing but torus, and has nothing to do
with the style.

.. 3. Ochna parviflora, Gr.

Arbor humilis ramis patentibus, foliis breviter petiolatis,
obovato-lanceolatis, acutis glabris denticulatis. Floribus lu-
teis, subumbellatis, ramulorum terminantibus. Pedicellis pe-
dunculis multo longioribus infra medium articulatis. Gem-
mis ovatis squamosis terminalibus, squamis imbricatis,
brunneis marginibus albis.

Cal. 5-sepal. sepalis ovatis obtusis, 2 interioribus paulo
minoribus, reflexis, zestivatio quincuncialis.

Pet. 5 subzqualia hypogyna ovata sepalis alternantia Ca-
duca.

Stam. 00 libera hypogyna, 3-serialia, seriei externa lon-

giore. Filam, filiformia. Anth. adnatze ? lineares bilocul.

d

longitudinaliter dehiscentes.
Torus paululum elevatus, genitalia gerens.

iere 10 circa axim ded eed Kore ovulo erecto, x

ES piura ù in LM connata.

dic PW TREE NEM MI LP Pe WS

B TAMARISCINE.£. 465

Flores ante folia evoluti.

Has. In sylvis prope Moulmein : 1834.

‘Precedente differt floribus duplo minoribus, pedicellis
ante anthesin cernuis.
. Pedicelli pedunculis abbreviatis multo longiores basin ver-
susarticulato. Racemi abbreviati conferti umbellam simu-
Bractez setacez ad basin cujusque pedicelli.

TAMARISCINEZE.

TAMARIX.

Tamarix dioica, Roxb. Pl. DLXXVII. Fig. II.

Frutex vel arbor, dioica. Rami grisei annulati, annulus len-
ticelligeris, novelli virides, recentiores brunnescentes, annulis
Squamigeris, (foliorum exuviis). a, b, c joints, e, d leaves.

olia tubulosa, ramos novellos teretes arcte vaginantiz, ob-
liqua acuminata viridia; demum brunnescentia persistentia,
alterna,

Spice terminales nutantes cylindricze undique floribus tecti.
Flores basin antica vel inferiore bracteati, bracteis scariosis
ovatis acuminatis subcarinatis spiraliter disposita, spira a
sinistro ad dextrum versa.

Sepala 5, plus minusve ovalia subequalia, colorata peta-
loidea, 2 exteriora subventricosa, quintum posticum, zestiva-
tione quincuncialia.

Pet. 5 hypogyna, oblonga submembranacea, sepalis duplo
longiora lisque alternantia, concava, conniventia emarginata
Persistentia, rosacea.

| Stamina totidem hypogyna disci sinubus alternantia et ima
basin ibidem coalita, sepalis opposita, exserta. Filam. fili-
Bas ia, estivatione flexuosa apice subiter angustata, colorata
Pirpurea, persistentia antherarum post lapsum. Anthere
ersatiles dorso paulo infra medium affixze, biloculares, lo-

ere didymis longitudinaliter dehiscentes, deciduz æstiva-
€xtrorse. Connectivum ultra loculos in processum øb-

13 i

466 SILENACE/E.

tusum planum. loculis breviora product. Pollen ovatum
leve, hiuc sulcat.

Torus discusve hypogynus intra stamina situs, brunneus
carnosus, repanda, 5-lobus, lobis conduplicatis sinubus in-
trorsum proficientibus. Rud. ovar. O0. Florum spica tri-
faria, i. e. when unrolled. In the relation of the spike to the
axis the angles of the triangle represent the three rows of
flowers.

Fem. singula postica.

Has. Assam. Legi ad ripas fluminis Bherz: Sept. 11ih,
1835. Burrumpootur: Apri! 2d,

Oss. In the foregoing description, the leaves are described
as sheathing the stem, of this I have great doubts, and if it is
the case, a longitudinal section at once shews that the vagina
is intimately adherent to the substance of the branch. And
yet I think that this, if the joints of the branches be taken
into account, is the most rational supposition ; a transverse
section presents no appreciable difference between the joints
and those parts immediately abóve them, Both are provided
with stomata.

The examination of young plants proves, that the leaves
are sheathing, and that they are united to the axis, the
only difference is in their relative proportion to the points;
(which in the young state are not complete,) the proportion
between the limb and sheath is reversed in full grown plants,
the limb being very small.

SILENACEJE.
Dianruus.
Dianthus nudiflorus, Gr. Pl. DLXXX. Fig. II.

Planta parvula erecta dichotoma vix unquam ee
articulis tumidis.

Fol. basi conata inferior proce superiore ascen-
dentia, « omnia lineari. sed hac angustissim: |

DIANTHUS. 467

Flores solitari in axillis et subsessiles, axill. altera ramul.
gignent.

Calyx basi induratus textura omnino coriaceus cylindraceus
3 uncialis ratione plantz longiss. dentibus 5 longis acutissi-
mis, venoso-striatus.

Pet. 5 cum sepalis altern. ungue longissimo longitudine
calycis, lamina minima bifida, patens, post anthesin erect,
marginibus arcte involutis rubro-carnea, basi pilis paucis
erectis, coronze rudiment. gerent. secus centrum coloris ruber
saturatior. genitalia inclusa. Pet. imo basi inter se coheren-
tia, stamen basi altius cohzerent.

. Stam. imo basi in annul. concret. inzequalia, Filamentis
capillaribus, petalis paullo brevior. Anth. bilocul. membra-

. Ovar. oblongum parietibus tenuibus ad apicem ovarii
incrassatis, uniloculare. Placenta linearis flexuosa, ovula
pauca anatropa, pendula et ascendentia, 2 summa semper ?
pendula, Tegment. cum nucleo accretum, apex second in
globos. projectum.

Stylo 2, capillacei long. Stigma decurrens, e papillis secus
Suleam centrali dispositis, papillis apice majus congestis.

. Albumen transverse curvat. -

, Habitus quodammodo Pladerze certe Silenaceus, et forsan

autho propinque.
- Affghanistan. Barren rocky mountains Otipore : April,
Itinerary Notes, p. 354, no, 132.

Oss. The relative proportion of the calyx to the corolla
etc., during their earlier stages is enormous, the former being
ely perfectly formed when the latter are very minute.

ae whorls of the floral series are remote, the corolla and
stamen arising from above the base of the calyx, and the
Ovarium being stipitate. — .
ihe stamina and styles are iulii thie Metals h have 3
veins, all of which are prolonged into the the lamina. Can the
two gibbers on the base of each lamina from which the hairs
se and which are evidently distinct from each other and

*

468 ERYTHROXYLE.

seated on the lateral veins, be referred to two additional series
of stamina?

From comparison with one species of Dianthus, it is
scarcely distinct except in the want of the involucra, which
is not universal in Dianthus? and the presence of the hairs on
the base of each petal.

ERYTHROXYLE.E.
ERYTHROXYLON.
Erythroxylon burmanicum, Gr.

Arborea, ramulis compressis divaricatis, foliis alternis bre-
viter petiolatis obovatis emarginatis integris marginib. carti-
lagin. glaberrimis subtus glaucis. Stipulis lanceolato linearibus
membran. deciduis, gemmatione folia iavolventibus ; florib. 2
in axillis, i iaconspicuis, albis, pedicellis folio multo TEES
: clavatis angulatis basi bibracteolatis.

Cal. 5-sepalus, dentibus ovatis.

Pet. 5-sepalis alternanto reflexo, basin versus, appendice
erecto petaloidea.

Stam. 10 basin versus in cupulam truncata ovario paulo
breviorem coalita. Filam paulo intra cupulam exserta, petalis
longiore subulata inzequalia. Anth. biloculares long. dehis-
centes.

Styli 3 staminibus breviores. Stigmata 3-capitata.

Ovarium 3-locülare, loculis l-ovulatis, ovulis pendulis.
Pericarpium baccatum calyce persistenti tuboque stamin-
demum in adelphis 3-4 fissis, stipatum. —Endocarpio 088¢%
3-loculare 1-sperma, dehiscentia septicida. Albumen carnosum.
Cotyledones planz, plumula inconspicue, radicula infera?
Section of the ovarium. Fig. III. Pl. DLXXXI.

"oed . Mergue. Ad littoram Madamaca : dug. 1834.

>

469
s MALPIGHIACEÆ.
Hiraa.

Hiree sp. Pl. DLXXXI. Fig. IV.

Frutex scandens volubilis, floribus ante folia evolutis race-
moso-paniculata inconspicua albidis. Racemis pendulis.

Fol. juniora opposita ovato-repanda parce ferrugineo-
pubescent. pilis adpressis medio affixis.

Cal. inferus, 5-6 sepalus.

Pet. totidem iis alternant. lanceolata obtusa hypogyna
patentia.

Stam. sepalis numero duplo libera hypogyna, alterna paulo
longiore sepalis opposita, filam. sepalis brevia imis basibus
connata, Anth. terminales membran. biloculares longit.
introrsumque dehiscent.

. Styli 3, filiformes longiuscule exserti. Stigmata 3-capitata.
Ovar. e carpellis 3, dorso orbicularib. lateribus nempe in alam

orbiculare expansis, medio carinatis, l-locularibus, 1-ovulatis,

ovulis pendulis, foramen superum hilum prope.
alyx fructus deflexus, filam. olim persistent. fructus, e car-
pellis 3, complanatis, dorso carinatis, orbicularib. nempe in

alam maximam medio foliaceis venosis ampliatis. Stylis stig-

matibusque persistent. coronatis, l-spermis. Radicula supera
Cotyledones plane. Genus distinctissime.
Has. Tenaserim Provinces, Ad littoram Insule Tavoy :

April, 1835.

. Cnan. Stipulis rudimentariis binis minimis inter petiolaribus -
utrinque, ramulis compressis ferrugineo- pubescent.

LJ

470
HIPPOCRATEACEJ. ^ ^
SALACIA.
1. Salacia prinoides.

Fruticosa scandens, fol. oblongo-lanceolatis obtuse acumi-
natis, coriaceis, lucidis subserratis floribus axillaribus den-
sissime confertis.

Pedicellis filiformib. petioli citciter longitudine.

Pet. concava suberecta, annulo 0. Stigmata simplice
filam. basibus carnosis ovario adnatis. Ovar. loculis 2-ovulat.
ovulis superpositis.

Has. Legi ad margines sylvar inter Kulweng et Mergue.
Ordo male definitus. In quibusdam epigynosis vera accedit.
ob stamina cum ovario acereta. Jan. 1835.

2. Salacia myrtifolia. |

Scandens fruticosa, glabra, fol. oppositis vel suboppositis,
breve petiolatis elliptico-oblongis, coriaceis integerrimis, supra
atro-viridis, floribus minutis viridibus odoratis in axillis con-
ferte aggregatis. Pedicellis filiformib. petiolos excedent.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis ovatis inzqualibus, zstivatione
imbricat.

Pet. 5-hypogyne ungue lato, suborbiculare patentia, sepalis
alietentis, zstivatione imbricat.

Stam. 3, interdum 4, basibus in cyathum ovarium arcte
aa connatis, ideoque primo aspectu vere epigyna viden-

"Fijan. libere brevia, complanata.
th. biloculares transverse dehiscentes extrorsæ.

Ovar. 3-loculare, loculis pluriovulatis ovulis angulis interi-
oris affixis, foramen m hilum versus. Stylus gie
Stigma capitatum.

Bion oed epe urceolus staminifer ad basin in anni-

SALACIA. 471

lum elevatus. Ovarium ad apicem trigonum angulis staminibus
alternant. Pollen leve longit. sulcatum.,

Has. In sylvis. Ins. Madamaca: Dec. 1834.

Oss. If the genus be distinct it may be called Epignandra,

3. Salacie sp.

Frutex ramis laxis, subscandentibus, fol. oblongo-lanceolatis
subacuminatis coriaceis glabris, obsolete obtusque serratis
foribus in axillis aggregatis, plurimis inconspicuis luteis.
Pedicellis filiformis petiolos subzequant. basi bracteatis.

Cal. 5- partit. basi peltat. laciniis ovatis ciliatis zstivatione
imbricatis.

Pet. totidem suberecta nec patentia ovata concava inz-
qualia, subhypogyna.

‘orus staminifer carnosus rotundatus, vix angulat. ovaria
ambiens occultansque.

Stam. 3, libera, filam. membranacea complanata. Anth ter-

. Minales extrorse biloculares, loculis subdidymis transverse
.. dehiscent. Pollen læve oblongum hinc sulcat. filam. demum et
ad dehiscentia, antherarum extrorsu revolutz.
- Stylus brevissimus sub 3-gonus. Stigma capitat. minutum.
Ovarium 3-loculare, seminiferum ob medium inferum toro
, &cretum ideoque stamen vere epigyna, loculis 2-ovulatis, ovulis
Süperpositis, angulo interiori loculare -affixis et subascen-
dentibus, foramen hili prope. Fig. 2, Pl. DLXXXII.
Gen. Hippocratee pentandre accedit, toro exannulato et a
Character ordineo ovario toroque semi-accretis discedit. vide
Sal. tortuosa in quo ovarium cum toro i POEM, ordo
forsan genera altera complectans.
|. Han. In sylvis arbusculorum. Mergue vulgo: Dec. 1834.
m Salacea Prinoides. Wight and Arnotts Prod. flor. Ind.
-.& Salacia tortuosa, Gr.
| i Fenticona | scandens, glaber ode elongatis filiformibus,
compressis divaricatis, His ovato-elliptica obtuse breveque acu-
" Ma subserratis supra lucidis, subtus reticulat, Cymis axil-
laib, op oppositis, dichotomis, petiolis duplo ET dichoto-

ei AL ase ue.

472 HIPPOCRATACE,

mis plurifloris, floribus inconspicuis viride lutescent. pedi-
cellis subuncialibus filiformibus.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis rotundatis plus minus ciliatis.

Pet. 5 oblonga obtusissima reflexa, marginibus submem-
branaceis, hypogyna, annulus elevatus integerrimus inter
petala staminaque.

Stam. 3 libera extrorse. Filam. brevissima apice tori i
inserta. Anth. biloculares, loculis transversim sitis et trans- j
versim quoad axin, vero longitudinaliter dehiscent. cellulose.
Stylus brevissimus. Stigma integra subcapitat. obtusum. 1

Ovar. toro accreta ideoque infera 3-loculare, loculis 2-ovu- |
latis, ovulis ascendentib. saperpositis foramen hilum prope. 1

Ramulorum basibus l-tortis scandens, an species toro in
annulum elevato generis distincta omnia Salacia mystifolia,

Section of ovarium &c. Pl. DLXXXI. Fig. II.
Has. Mergue. In sylvis prope Kulweng: Jan. 1835.

HIPPOCRATEA.
| Hippocratea pentandra.

Arbor 3 5 pedalis, trunco albo demissius e ramoso, ramulis
compressis, foliis oppositis rarius alternis, oblongo-ovatis ob-
tusis, integris repandis glabris ; floribus paniculatis albis sub-

ratis.

Paniculis solitariis in axillis, aggregatisve (potins ex ima

basin ramosis) pubescente velutinis folia sepe excedent.

Pedicelli pedunculorum ramulis multo tenuioribus, disco-
loribusque basi minute bracteatis.

Cal. 5-fidus, dentibus ovatis.

Pet. 5, suborbicular perigyne. Torus 5-angularis compla-
natus angulis calycinis laciniis oppositis. 3

t.a 5, 2-3 abort. filam. e medio angulorum libera k
facta, complanata subulata. Anth. biloculares longit. lateraliter —
dehiscentes intrors ]

Stylus 0. Stigma capitat.

Ovarium apice 3 gonum, basi toro arcte ambient. ci

HIPPOCRATEA. 473

occultumgque 3-loculare, loculis 4-ovulatis, ovulis ascend.
binatim collateralibus, foramen hilum prope.

AB. Mergue. In sylvis densis et ad littoram Ins, Mada-
: maca: Dec. 1834, etiam ad summit Collis Pator.
E Oss. Stam. fertilia numero varia interdum omnia abortiva
3 _. floribus interdum 4-fidis. Petal. vere perigyna. Ovaria basis
. Ofo accreta.
s Omnia Hippocratez, stam. 5 exceptis, stam. ante anthesin
- . introrsa per anthesin subextrorsa, filam. dien persistentia,
. . alabastra complanata.

2. Hippocratea angulata, Gr. Pl. DLXXXL Fig. I.

Caulis ramique viridis 4 angulato cicatricibus bruuneis, fol.
Supra saturato-viridia, subtus albida.
~ Alabastra fusco tincte. Flores viridescenti alba.
Has. In rupibus, Loonkaram kha, Journey from Assam to
Ava, March 17th, 1837.
Delvi Nempean: March 19th, 1837.

3. Hippocratea serrata, Gr. Pl. DLXXXIL. ig. I.

Frutex scandens. |

.— Ramis cinereo-brunneis, ramulis compressis brunneis.

.. Felis suboppositis, concavis, suturato-viridibus costa
: ne lutescentibus, subtus Ip s floribus sabum-
. Dellatis aureis, suaveʻodoratis.

per from Assam to Ava. Pi Delvi: May 8th, 1837.

=

pes :

EUPHORBIACEJE.
" Puoaona. n
eee haiti ramis alternis, spinis terminatis.

Folia Mierne obovato obcordata S pisperrime glabra breviter

K 3

474 EUPHORBIACEJE,

Flores in fasciculis axillarib. aggregati.

Masculi numerosissimi, virescentes redolentes, pedicellis
capillaribus floribus longiorib.

Fzminei pauci, pedicellis duplo brevioribus. Fructus bac-
catus, pisi magintudinis, albi.

Masc. Perianth. 4-5 sepalum non verticillatum ? sepalis
irregularibus, subfimbriatis. Cor 0

Stam. 4-5 sepalis opposita. Filam. exserta filiformia. Anth,
biloc longitud. dehiscent. Gland.. hypogyne 5, filamenta
interjectis, inter stamina et petala site. Rudimentum ovarii
0. Styli tres, et stigmata tria.

Fam. Perianth, ut in mare. Rudiment stam. 0. Cupula
glandulosa, glandulis nempe concretis, ovarii basin cingens. _

PHYLLANTHUS auctorum.
Phyllanthi sp. Pl. DLXXXIV. Fig. I.

}. Female flower front view.
9. Do. lateral.
3. Male do. front.
:4. Do. posterior. .
5. Do. long 3 section.
6. Sepal with its scale detached.
7. Column of, stamens.
. 8. Cells of inner membrane of anther.
u^ 9. Pollen.
- 10. Ovarium.
11. Do. transverse.
13. Capsula.
14. Do. upper end, shewing the excavation.
15. Do. transverse,
15a. Seed.
5 16. Do. long section.
: A. Do. transverse.
| Gen. novum monent. Cl. Wight. Arcot 1832.

-

PHYLLANTHUS. 475
2. Phyllanthi sp.
Ramules flexuosi, teretes, viridi, novelli utifolia rubro-
tincta.

Fol. subdistantia alterna, petioli sub 3-lineales, supera

. canaleculata stipulæ ovato-acuminate supera medium petioli

basi coherent. inzequalia. The smaller ones are all on the
same side of each branch, lamina lanceolato-oblonga acumi-
nata, integra subcarnosa, glabra 34-44 long. 10-13 lineas lata ;
V. secondarize utrinque conspicuz oblique, subtus V. ter-
tiariis anastomosant. connexze.

Flores monoici mas. et fem. aggregati in axill. inconspi- -
cui. . Pedicelli mascul. graciles, sub 4 lineal. fzem. crassiores,
eviores. Perianth masculum fuscescens, e sepalis 6, bise-
ratis oblongis, a medio reflexis, zstivat. apice leviter im-
bricatis,

Columna stamina sepalis interior paullo brevior, ob-
longa. Antherz sepalis opposite magne lineares, extrorsz,
apex 6-lobus immersus. Pollen granulosum albidum, 3.pli-
»Catum, an interdum 5-plicat. Rudim. fem. 0.

Per. fzem. sepala erecta carnosa magis herbacea subovata,
breviora, stam, 0.

Ovarium parce pilosiuscule sabrotantalh, RUE duplo
brevius stylus luteus columnaris, crassus apice paullo magis
-Inerassato 6-fido, fissuris emarginatis, sepalis triplo lon-

gior, textura stigmat.» propria 0? vel vix conspicienda,
Ov. 6-loeulare, ovula a collateralia, fora-
ame supero.

Inner tissue of style very conductive of a congeries of
boyau-like tubes
— Fructus Swat basi sciatic cinct. ‘subplacentieformis, à

o depresso e centro ‘columnam rente I2-sulca-

Sub 6-lobus, lobis sepalis alternis, loculicidim 6-val-
vis (valvis sepalis oppositis) centro carinatis. Endocarpi4
um osseum distinctum dorso- dehiscens, semina bina angula-
ta ‘ coccinea includens. Semina appense tegument externe

s

x * vehi sp.

loculis 2-ovulat. Stylus ad basin 4-partit. laciniis dichotomis.

. nudis orta, vel fasciculata in axillis foliorum.

476 EUPHORBIACE.

baccatum processu intrante magno, interne subosseum. Em-
bryo albus, radicula brevissima supera. Cotyledones ovales.
Oss. The seed is not equilateral, the inner side of the
tegument being much thicker, so that the embryo is thrown
to the other side; and as this is convex, it becomes slightly
curved in consequence. See Pl. DLXXXIV. Fig, V, a hi-
lum, 5 baccate tissue, c embryo.
;

3. Phyllanthi sp.

|

Frutex dioicus ramis subangulatis, ramulis brevibus sulcatis, |
fol. parvis oblongo-ellipticis subtus glaucis, stipulis ovatis |
subfoliaceis floribus parvis inconspicuis in axillis aggregatis, |
ochroleucis. |

Mas. Per. infundibuliforme turbinat. pedicello nempe apice
dilatato limbo 6-fido, laciniis interdum emarginatis. Squame
6, laciniis oppositis, eorumque basibus inserta. Stam. mona-
delpha, tubo incluso. Aath. 6 adnatz 2-loculares, longit. de-
hiscentes. Pollen globosum leve.

‘Har. Inter fruticis, Mergue : Jan. 1835.

Fam. nondum vidi.

STAUROTHYRAX.

Gen. Cuar. Mas. Per. 4-sepalum, sepalis ovat. concav.
zstivatione imbricatis. Gland. hypogyne 4, sepalis alter-
nant. Stam. 4 libera, hypogyna, sepalis opposita.

Fem. Per. ut in mare, glanduleque. Ovarium 4-loculare!

Stigmata 8 linearia. Caps. baccat. 4-locul. loculis. cruciatim
dispositis.
Inflorescentio vel fasciculato racemosa et tunc e ramis

Stauros et thylaz Gk. ob fructus loculorum PASE
cruciatam, 1835.

dioica, floribus masculis capitulato-racemosis, -
gatis 2-4 in apicibus ramorum, floralium peren- -

racemis z age

ATHROISMA. 477

nantum? l-squamatorum, floribus in pedicellis filiform. nu-
merosis, fusco-rubescent minutis,

Per. 4-sepala, sepalis ovatis concavis, zestivation imbricatis
2 exterior.

Ee hypogyne, ovato-oblonge sessilea, sepalis alter-

2d 4 libera hypogyna, sepalis paulo breviora sepa-
lis opposita. Filam. filiformia extrorse curvata. Anth. bilo-

cul. membranacez, loculis lateral dehiscent subextrorse. Con-
néctivum minimum, flores etiam in axillis foliorum junior. ag-
8regat. Inflorescentia nuper descripta nuda in ramis.

Inflorescentia feminea ead. axis szepe producta, foliosque
. Winus colorantum. Per. ut in mare patentissima, glan-
due ut in mare. Styli breviss. profunde 4-partit. laciniis
ad basin fere partit. Stigmata 8 linearia subsimplicea.

Ovar, 4-loculare ! loculis 2-ovulatis.

Capsula baccata, immatura angulis rotundis 8-4 locularis,
oculis eruciatis, pluribus nudis foliis ad apices ramor. con-
fert. post authesin evolut. pseudo pinnatis ovatis acutis in-
tegris subtus glaucis, stipulis parvis ovulis apicibus sphace-
- Ramulis flexuosis.

Has, Circa Mergui : culto ob fructu, EF Gooseberry tree”

- €f Madras. 1834.

Ovar, 4-loculare, (Sec. Ov. Pl. DLXXXIV. Fig. VI.)
et stylo 8- partito stigmatibusque 2, a pana distinct.
| ATHROISMA.*

T Athroisma serratis, Gr.

.. Arbor 28 pedalis, monoica, ramulis junioribus floriferis, *
Foliis juniorib; lanceolatis, serratis subobtusis, mucronatis,
luteo albis stipulis lanceolat. membranaceis brunneis, vernatio

ia Spicis masculis terminalis, densifloris, floribus

fs luteo-viridescent. femin. virid. vel axillaribus et |

ii in Ballin folior, summor. vel ad basin spicarum.

* Athroisma Gk. acerous.

LI

subsessilie longit. dehiscentes, si-bilocul tunc didym@:

478 EUPHORBIACE.E,

Mas. flores aggregati, in axillis bracteze ovate pilose. "
Glandula oblonga carnosa viridis ere utrinque bracteæ. :
Pedicelli exserto.

Per. cyathiforme, sub 3-dentat. eilianimn; — subcon-
nivent. |

Stam. 3 hypogyna. Filam. fiif. Anth. bilocul. exsertze |
loculis discretis longitud. lateraliterque dehiscent. Pollen |
ovat. hinc sulcat. |

æm. Per. 3-sepalum, sepalis virid. ovato-lanceolat.

Styli 3. Stigmata totidem elongata apicibus racemosis. |

Ov. 3-loculare, loculiis l-ovulatis, ovulis pendulis, foram.
conspicuum hilum prope. Pl. DLXXXV. Fig. IX

Fructib. subglobosis verrucosis pendulis, foram. conspicui
hilum prope. Endocarp. crassis osseum. Caps. 3-locularis, 3- 1
sperma. Sem. pendul. testa coriacea carunculo parvo. Cotyle-

dones plano convexe. Rad. supera, plumula inconspicua.

Has. In humidis ad ripas fi. Tenasserim etiam Mergue.

2. Athroisma dentatis, Gr.

Frutex, monoicus ramulis cinereis teretibus.

Foliis alternis stipulatis inequalibus lanceolatis acuminatis,
repando-dentatis basi biglandulis, aliis maximis longe pedi-
cellatis 1} spithamzeus ; stipulis minimis setaceis deciduis.

Racemis paniculatis terminal. bracteatis, (bracteis gt
bus) breviter pilosis elegantibus, floribus masculis albi
in pedicellis®-articulatis elongatis tenuibus filiformibus.

Cal. membranaceis cellulosus, 5-6 sepalus, sepalis inzqua-
libus.

Cor. rotata. Pet. 5-6 Linden sessilia, sepalis alternantia
cellulosa tenerrima.

Glandule hypogynz 5, subreniformes, petalis alternantes
tubique staminei basin cireumdantis.

Stam. 3-4 bilocul. vel 6-8 l-locul. in tubum coalita. Anth.

Fam. Cal. 9-sepalus, sepalis ampliatis, inciso-ciliatis, €! m
— glanduliferis, viridi ruber, glandule ciliarum sanguine®

DIPLOMORPHA. 479

Pet totidem iis alternantia brevioreque inzqualia? mas-
culis conformia.

Glandulz obsolete 5-sepalis opposita ovarii basin stipant.
Ovar. rotundatum, 3-lobum. Styli 3, patenti breves. Stig-
mata 2 cuique stylo capitata. Ov. 3-loculare loculis l-ovulat.
Pl. DLXXXV. Fig. IV. a, chalaza b secundine, c foramen.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis, collinis densis, Madamaca : Nov.
1834. Proordine frutex elegantissima, floribus masc. nutant.
tremulis,

DriPLowoRPHA.
Diplomorpha herbacea, Gr.
. Radix videtur fusiformis. Herba glabra prostrata vel de.
cumbens

Caules flexuosi angulati, angulis membranaceis.

Folia altern. elliptico-ovata, succulenta, l-nervia, mucro-
"um subserrulata, breve pedicellata, glauca, margine disco-
dori,

Stipulæ 2 acuminatæ ad basin petioli et squamulæ stipuli-

mesad basin cujusque ramuli.

Inflorescentia axillaris, flores monoici, masc. in axillis
foliorum inferior, fem. superiorum exorti, masc. plerumque
bini, albo rubro leviter tincto.

Pedicelli gracilis ad eorum basis bractez plures, fem. vir-
*scentes, pedicellis minus gracilibus. >
- Masc. Perianth l-seriatum gamosep. sepalis 6 usque ad
Medium concretis, apicibus incurvis crenatis, intus 6-squamis
e Oppositis paulo minoribus stipatis. Glandule 0.

.. Filam. in columnam brevem concreta ad apicem antheras
d bilocul. longitud. dehiscentes gerentia. Pollen angulare,
-4ngulis lineis albis notatum. Rudim fem. 0.
*A&M. Perianth. biseriatum, 6-sepalum, sepalis usque ad
basin discretis, planis acuminatis, 3 exterioribus major. 3 in-
“orib, minorib, Gland 0. Radim stam. O. — —

Ovarium turbinatum, 3-angulatum 3-loculare, loculis bio-

480 EUPHORBIACEA.

vulatis, Styli 2 quemque loculo. Stigmat. simplicia. Ovariis
maturantis parietes loculorum seorsum ita creseunt ut stylos
multo superant. Primo aspectu pericarpium ut in Resedam
videtur margo cavitat. 3-angularis, ejus fundo styli visi sunt.
Pericarp. 3-coccum, coccis dispermis semina testa rugosa, 3-
angular hilo satis magno. Albumen carnoso-oleosum. Em- |
bryo curvatus. Radicula supera, cotyledonibus planis.

ss. Novum genus constituit. Phyllanthio omnino dissi-
milis hoc charactere notandum. Flores monoici.

Masc. Perianthium gamosepalum, 1-seriat, sepalis usque ad
medium concretis. concavis squamulis oppositis suffultis.
Stam. monadelpha. Anth. 3.

em. Perianth 6-sepal. biseriat., sepalis 3 exteriorib.
majorib. 3 interiorib. minorib. planis. Styli 6. Pericarpium ad
apicem cavum, 3-coccum, coccis dispermis.

The name refers to the difference of form in the flower of 1
the sexes, from duplez, et forma Gk. a

BRIDELIA,

1. Bridelia rhamnoides, Gr.

Cal. tubo brevissimo 5-partitus, laciniis ovatis patentibus. :
Pet. 5 minima sinubus dentium calycinam inserta, ungue :
brevi carnosa, limbo bifido, crenulato repandoque, annulus :
glaudulosus luteis intra ‘pet. staminaque calycis faucem ob-

Stam. hypogyna monadelpha sepalis opposita. Filam.
libera brevia subulata, Anth bilocul. Rud. fem. 3-lobum
stylo brevi terminat. tubo staminei apice insiden. :

Fem. nondum vidi, arbuscula, dioica? ramulis verrucosis
ferrugineo-pubescentibus, foliis breviter petiolatis lanceolatis
int g isutri que p b t, subtus glaucis, floribus axillaribus

itati inutis. ha int urantiaceo |
itas "nae AUGE: à Pet. alba, sito anran gp iue

BRIDELIA, 481
2. Bridelia alnifolia, Gr.

Arbuscula monoica ramulis ferrugineo-pubescent. fol. bre.
viter petiolatis oblongo-obovatis, basi subcordatis, obtusis
utrinque presertim subtus pubescentib. floribus in pluribus
axillis confertis subsessilib. inconspicuis.

Cal. 5-partit. laciniis patentib. ovatis acutis, viridescens
maculis sanguineis.

Pet. minima vix unguiculata, calycis sinubus inserta repando
sinuata alba maculis rubris urceolus glandulosus obsolete 5-
E ; lobus, intra pet staminaque lobis sepalis oppositis !

; Stam, 5 monadelpha, sepalis opposita. Rud. fem. ad apicem
insidens,

Flores masc. in centro capitulor. fem in ambitu, tardius
florescentes,

Fem. cal. et corolla urceolusque ut in mare sed basin
ovarii, having reached supra in cupulam marginibus incisis
inflectitur, Styli 2-fida connatis stigmato 4 papulosa.

varium 2-locul. loculis 2-ovulatis, ovulis pendulis.
Has. In humidis Mergue : Oct. 1834.
Ejusdem generis cum precedente.

S. Bridelia urticoides-

Arbuscula ramulis vetustioribus nudis verrucosis juniori-
bus teretibus angulatisve verrucosis viridibus alterne foliosis.

Fol. breviter ees lanceolat. acuminat, subintegra subtus
.Subglauca brevissimaque pubescent. superne atro-viridia ni-
tida, stipulis linearibus membranaceis brunneis, caducis.
Inforescentia vel nuda vel axillaris glomerulata, floribus
minutis numerosis, albido-rubescentibus, odoratis, odore Helio-

- Glomeruli androgyni, floribus aper sexus sine ordine
Pg es primo florescen

^ Cal. extus apris de subturbinato, 5-partit.
ai ovatis, patentis su

L3

v

482 EUPHORBIACES,

Pet. totidem quot sepala minima squamiformia ovato-integra
dentatave sinubus calycinis inserta.

Discus perigynus carnosus (margine annulata elevato an-
nulataque,) intus super ovarium producta, ideoque fere omnino
occultans.

Stylus filiformis 2-partitus. Stigmata 2 oblonga cuique
lacinie, longe exserta. Ovar. ovulum glabrum 2-locu-
lare, loculis 2-ovulatis, ovulis pendulis, foram. super hilum
prope.

Mas. Per. ut in fem. Pet discusque ut in fem

Stam. 5 monadelpha, stipit. ovar. abortientes vaiosti: Anth.

biloculares, longit. dehiscentes. Rud. ovar. central. inter

stamina,
Has. Mergue. Ad littoram Ins. Madamaca: Dec. 1834.
Croton.
. Croton Tiglium.
- Arbuscula, fol. ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis integris glabris,
stipulis viridibus apicibus patentibus floribus in axillis aggre-
gatis, viridi lutescent. pedicellis basi bracteatis, petiolis bre-

Mas. Pedicelli filiformes. Per. corollinum 6-sepalum
biseriatum, seriei externa majori, sepalis ovatis patentibus.
Stam. 6, monadelpha in tubum brevissima unita, connecti-

vum ultra anther. breviter product. Anth. adnatz, bilocules

longit. dehiscentes.

Rud. fem 0, æstivat. valvata.

Fam. Pedicelli clavato. Per. calycinum 6-sep. biseriata,
seriea externi multo majore sepalis erectis. Rud. stam. 6,
stylus brevis. Stigmata 5, conniventia sub triangularia lutea
emarginata. j

var. loculi tot quot stigmat. 2-ovulat. ovulis per
` totam longitud. placentis adnatis ideoque non vere pen
. foramen hili apicem. Pl. DLXXXIV. Fig. IV. a. b.
Has. In humidis sylvis, Mergue: Oct. 1834.

TRUST di

E-

ROTTLERA. © 483

The apex of the nucleus, projects out in the shape of a
clavate filament. capsula rotundata stigmatibus coronata 10,
stricta, 5-cocca, coccis 2-spermum.

1 2. Croton sp.

Arborea monoica, foliis longe petiolatis cuneati-obovatis
Ee cordato-ovalibusve inzequaliter serratis, 5-nerviis,
n prope utrinque l-glandulosa. Racemis terminalibus,
eis multifloris, masculis racemorum apices versus dis-
posita, tardius expansis, fæmin. basin versus, citius.

Fem. Cal. 5-partit. laciniis patulis. Cor. 0, Styli 3, bi-
fida, stigmata 6, elongata. Capsula obtusa 3-gonum, 6-sulcatum
extus punctatum, stylorum l reliquus coronat. pubescentia
stellaris adpressa, aspera, 3-loculare, loculis bogecens, semi-
nib. pendulis ab apice loculorum.

Mas. Cal. ut in fem. laciniis reflexis. Cor. 5- petala. Pet.
Spathulatis reflexis villosis. Stam. circiter 1-4, filamentis
iberis ima basin villosis. Anth. bilocul. longitudine et
lateraliter dehiscentes.

Foliorum juniorum serrature glandulose pergyneque
runneo-rufescentis. Stigmata sestivat. convoluta.

Has. In humidis Mergue, an culta, Sep.

RorTTLERA.
Rottlere s p.

Arbuscula dioica, ramulis petiolis, pedunculisque ferrugineo-
Velutinis, foliis ovato-deltoideis acuminatis longe petiolatis
Subtus candidis, venis ferrugineis.

. Racemis paniculatis, terminalibus vel in dichotomis ramu-
ibas pendulis
Fem, Cal. 3-partit. ovarium papulosum, papulis albido-
ütinis demum in corporib. subulatis productis. Stylus
& Bras. stigmata 3-papillosa, ovarium 3-loculare tridus ©
loculis 1-ovulatis, ovulis pendulis.
. Mas, Inflorescentia paniculato-racemosa.

484 EUPHORBIACES.

Sepalis ovatis patentibus extus breviter tomentoso
velutinis. Stam. 00 libera hypogyne. Filam. subulata,
Anth. ovate biloc. long. dehiscent. Rud. fam central
minimum mere spatum nudum.

Has. In sylvis Mergue frequentur: Sep. 1834.

ALEURITES.
Aleurites sp. Pl. DLXXXIV. Fig. III.

Arbor mediocris, fol. alternis exstipulatis longe petiolatis
e basi deltiformi-cordato bi-glandulosis, ovato-acuminatis inte-
geris glabris, basi 5-venii, 2 lateral. indistinctis.

Fructus pauce in racemis raminis, in pedunculis ligneis
robustis, viridibus pomi magnit. without any conspicuous
marks or furrows, etc.

The fruit has certain indications of 4-valvular lines outside.

Substance fleshy disposed to be baccate, bilocularis dis-
permi seu abortu unispermi. Endocarp. fibroso-coriaceum
spongiosum, tela (Testa ?) interjecta inter id. et semen. The
vessels are between the fibrous and spongy parts.

Semen erect lateri interior magis planum, subreniforme
ossea durissima apice mammillo-ossea crassa, lined by a thin
cellulo-papery layer.

Albumen copiosum carnosum. Embryo radicula brevis
supera. Cotyledon foliaceis planis venosis Plumula conspi-
cua,

Semen habitus Euphorbiaceus. te

a Embryo, 5 fibrous coat, c cellulo-spongy ditto, d drupa-
ceous very hard ditto, e like torn paper, f albumen, g hilum,

hk. drupaceous coat, i third ditto, 7 chalaza, J hilum, m raphe,

n chalaza, p mycropyle, o drupaceous coat. d
Oss. I believe the fibrous coat which easily separates inf?
2 shells longitudinally, belongs to the fruit, that the seed is

pendulous; the spongy coat being testa marked above by?

large hilum. : i i

EXCACARIA. 485
TRAGIA.
Tragia, Roxb.

Monoica scandens, pilis pungentibus hispida, foliis cordato-

ovatis acuminatis serratis, stipulis foliaceis cordato-acuminatis.

Racemis oppositifoliis bracteis infimis lanceolatis reliquis li-
nearibus, floribus viridibus inferior feemineis, superior mascu-
lis, femineis multo majoribus.

Mas. Perianth. tubo brevi 3-partitum, laciniis latis zestiva-
tione valvatis.

Stam. 3 distincta, laciniis alternantia hypogyna filam
tubo longitud. clavata, viridia, in apiculam inflexam, fila-
menta facie introsa incumbente producta. Anth. bilocul,
Connectivum viride.

Fem. per 3-phylla, sepalis, cordato-ovatis acutis imbricatis !
Ovar, 3-gonum, extus pilis hispida stylus 3-fidus, laciniis
viridibus carnosis intus papillos virides (stigmata) gerens, 3-
loculare, loculis 1-ovulatis, ovulis pendulis.

14B. Mergue. Culweng in fruticetis scandens, succo lacteo
æ

Genus distinctissima. Per. fem. Preng imbricatum
maris gamosepal valvatum pracipue nota dignum.,

Exca@caRIA.

Ezcecaria, Pl. DLXXXIII.

|. Y. Part of male spike.
2, Male flower, outer view bractea removed.
. 3. Inner do. *
.. 4. Posticous petaliform body. .
5. Right lateral do.

: E Left lateral do.

hA 8. Bodies seated on the glands: 7 the right, 8 left.

-. 9. Pollen.
10. Female flower outer view.

1i. Do. inner. *3

486 EUPHORBIACEA.

12. One of the bodies seated on the lateral glands.

13. Fruit nearly ripe.

14. Ovulum attached, with part of the axis'and its cellula
cap.

15. Cap datached composed of elongated cells.

16. Section of the testa shewing its opening, the secondine
is entire.

17. Section of the secondine.

18. Nucleus.

Excecaria affinis.

Arbor. 40-50 pedalis, ramulis junioribus viridibus teretibus,
Petiolis 2-uncialibus, canaliculatis, rubescent, basibus quasi
pruriosis, stipulis caducis,ex cicatricibus angustatis.

Fol. alterne ovalibus basi subcordatis mucronato-acumina-

tis, penninervis, nervis secondariis distinctis infimis utrinque

ad mediam l-glandulosis, supra lete viridib. subtus glaucis,
floribus racemoso-paniculatis, lutescent.

Paniculis divaricatis terminalibus. ^ Bractea ad basin cujus-
que floris et utrinque corpus glanduliforme subreniforme areo-
latum.

Pedicellis pluribus in axillis bractez aggregatis, basi 1-brac-
teolatis, articulatis.

Perianth cyathiforme irregulariter dentatum. Pet. 0.

Stam. 2 hypogyne ima basin l-delpha, exserta, filam.
crassa longit. perianth cellulosa. Anth. didymz longit. later-
aliterque et utrinque dehiscentes, margo dehiscent, pulchre
rubra. Pollen luteum oblongum leve hinc sulcatum,

‘Fam. nondum visa.
A Affinis Excæriæ.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis cum Athroisma dentata. Nov. on

Flores minutissimi suaviter odorato al

Excecaria agallochum.

Dioicea. Arborea, foliis petiolatis lanceolatis i

glandulosis, acuminatis crenato-repandis.
latis late marginib. diaphana coriaceis glabarrimis.

ma basin 2-

"Petiolis - canalica- |

EPIPRINUS. 487

Inflores. mascula spicata, spicis axillaribus, solitariis petiolis
longioribus odoratis fæmineis etiam spicatis, spicis petiolorum
longitud.

Mas. flores solitarii in axillam bractez cordate reniformi.
Bractea utrinque glandulis carnosis viridibus stipata.

Stam. 3, quorum inferius anticum longius monadelpha,
. . tubo staminea brevo. Per. 0. sed cococsus. corpora 2 carnosa
bipartita, lacinia 1 multo majore, altera, subalata.

Corpora ejusdem generis inter filamentorum quorum
Superum posticum minus. Filam. subulat. Anth. biloculares,
Fem. bractea utin masc. Stylus breviss. Stigmato 3,
Fructus 3-coccus, coccus ]-pyrenis.

Fem. Cal. fere ut in mare e corporib. 2 glandulis insiden-
tibus. Cor. vel Per. 3-sepalum, sepalis 2 lateralib. ł-majore
antico supero. Stylus brevis, stigma 3-revoluta, capsula 3-
cocca, coccis 2-spermis.

Ishould observe, that these petaliform bodies vary much
in shape, and that the above account as well as the figures
agree with that which I have observed to be the most com-

.. mon form,

E Has. In aquosis Mergue: July, 1834. |

1 Caan. Generus. Inflorescentia utraque spicata, floribus
. SOlitaris in axillis bractearum carnosarum utrinque basin

. Versus glandulis stipatarum.
_--Mas. Per. 2-sepal. sepalis, lateralibus forma irregulari
glandula insidentibus, dextro plirumque basi bi-glanduloso,
-Sinistro l-glanduloso. Stam. 3, basin versus in tubum con-
creta, Filam. filiformia. Anth. didymæ connectivo aliquan-
do ultra antheram producto, Corpora 3, petaloidea diffor-
mia in sinubus filamentorum, quorum superum (anticum)
Stamina longiore postico oppositum 3-lobatum. dextrum bilo-
bat, Sinistrum sub integrum. Pollen leve, sulco longitudine.

o Epiprinus. Nov. Gen.
Epiprinus malayanus Gr.
anuli (petiolisque) brunnescenti puberuli, teretes robusti.

488 EUPHORBIACE XE,

Folia alterna, conferta. Petiol. 3-uncialis, teretes, utrinque
incrassat. lamina ampla e basi cordata ovata, cuspidata acu-
minata 8-uncial. long., lat. 4-unc., subtus puberula, scabrella
basi biglandulosa sub 5-venia, integriusculum, v. secondarie
arcuatim nexze, v. tertiariis transverse soaks. inter venulis
reticulatis.

Inflorescentia axillaris, racemi paucze ex axile fol. major.
superior, plures ex axillis folior. multo minorve, fere sub-
sessilium.

Racemi vel panicule pedunculi robusti carneo-tincti
minute puberuli vel furfuracei erecti subdigitales.

Fl. infra medium femineis distantes, supra medium (vel
ramulorum) masculi dense congesti.

Bractea sublanceolata patens vel subreflexa, carnea vel
lurida, utrinque basis glandula coccinea subf. femin. quem-
que l-bracteole 2 minores concolores basin versus pedicelli
clavat 2 lineales.

Perianth. biseriatim, exterius e foliolis bracteolis similibus
sed longioris magis carne erectz ; interius fol. per junior
similes lanceolato-acuminatze, duplo majores, dorso secus cen-
tram conspicue costat. griseze, dorso carneo-tinctz, interio-
rum marginibus reflexis,

Stam. etc. 0.

Ovarium parvum subtrilobum triloculare. Ovula solitaria,

pendula foramine supero, process. placentze obtecto.
Stylus robustus basin supra tripartibus, ramis cito palma-
tim divisis, intus stigmatosa materia badio-papillosa tect.
Ovar. stylusque pilis e basi ob conica fascicul. dense velu-
tinus.

Fl. masculi sordidi rufescenti grisei glomerulati (sub.

glomerulos bractea carnea acuta, carinata) centrales vé
. terminales precociores, sessiles. Per. valvatum cupuliforme;
: = medinm 4-partitum, lacin. semi ovates.

Du Minis vel purpurascente, supra albidis, ad anther.

. 8, filamentis longis, zstiv. a medio inflexis, infra

| E: BURSERACR A, 489

capillaceis longe exsertis. Antherze magne lutea, cohzrentes,
oblong, basin prope affixe, pubescenti-pilosz — bilocular.
longit. lateral. dehiscentes. Pollen sub ovatum glabum tri-
porosum obscure.

Rudimentum ovarii trilobum.

Has. Ching, Malacca Nhinghull: Jan. 1845.

Oss. This is among my first collection in fruit, but it
Was not examined ; it is surrounded by a foliaceous perianth.

I see nothing approaching to it in Endlicher’s Genera, and
the characters are so well marked, that it is not a genus like-
y to have been so imperfectly characterised as not to be
recognisable,

p BURSERACEÆ.
BoswELLIA.

l. Boswellie sp.

Arbor humilis ramulis verticellis plurimis stomatiformibus,
petiolis par folioliorum inferiorem subtus, supra planis, foliolis
inpari-pinnatis ovatis vel lanceolatis, acuminatis, lateralibus
Sepius obliquis. Pauiculis terminalibus et axillis foliorum sum-
morum pallide ferrugineis, floribus numerosis albis.

Cal. parvus 5-sepalis.

-. Cor. rotata basi fere 5-partita, laciniis lanceolatis zstivatione
imbricatis. Petala 5, disco hypogyno inserta.

m , disci inserta margine exterior. Filam. com-
planata écbliis pilosa, alterna petalis opposita breviora,
Anth. erectz biloculares longit. dehiscentes. Discus glan-
dulosus pilosus ovarium basin ambiens.

. Stylus piliformi-crassus. Stigma discoideo-capitat.
Ovarium pilos, 1 inferum basi nempe disco coalit. bilocu-
da , loculis 2-ovulatis, ovulis ascendentibus foramen margine
cin Section of the ovary Pl. DLXXXV. A. Fig. II.
rore ii Ad litttoram Ins. Madamaca valgatim :

fe

M 3

490 BURSERACE.£.

It is an exceeding long time between the Ist appearance of
the buds and expansion of the flowers, about 4 months. The
disk is not perigynous.

2. Boswellie sp.

Arbor foliis pinnatis.

Cal. sepala 5 ima basin fere distincta, ovata.

Cor. 5-pet. petalis unguiculata, hypogyna, sepalis alterna,
patentia.

Stam. 10 subdiscum hypogyna ovarium cingens, 10-
crenulatum inserta, 5 sepalis, 5 petalis opposita. Filam.
subulata. Anth bilocul. longitud. dehiscentes. Stam. 5
sepalis opposita demissius, 5 petalis oppositis superne disco
inserta.

Ovarium 3-locul.

Sem. 4-6-8 in quoque loculo, ad apicem in membranam
aleformem. Cotyled. crasse carnosz punctate ; radicula bre-

` vis superam product.

Has. Prope Trichinopoly.

CANARIUM,

Canario affine.

Ramulis subteretibus, novellis ferrugineo puberulis. F olia |
alterna pinnata subpedalia 2-3 juga cum impari. tiol

subspathamzeus. Foliola oblongo ovato petioluto subbili-
neales cuspidato-acuminata integra long. 44 5} uncial, lat. 2
uncialia.

Panicule terminales foliis paullo brevior, pedunculus brun-
nescens angulatis, sulcatus. Flores racemosi vel subcymost
minuti viridescentes, (pedicelli breves vix lineales) extus
. minute subpuberuli. :

‘mibus imbricatis, aliqoties majoribus calyptratim secede”

TE Pa GP Me
abusu. ENEE e M M AE LE s a.

TP NER

i

y
Ahia n pi a SU a S

— . Calyx earneo tinctus subobconicus ad medium sipa
Corolla e petalis totidem cordato. rotundatis vel obrenitot: —

RHAMNACE, 491

a Stam. 3 sepalis opposita, paullo sepalis longiora. Fila-
menta brevia, basi in annulum carnosum brevem coalita
vel inserta; plerumque cum 4to. Connectivum dilatatum
subovatum, intus loculiferum, loculi 2, longitud. dehiscen-
tes Rodimentum. Pistilla tridentatum in centro annuli
flamentorum.

Fl. Hermaph—?

Fructus basi calyce cinctus pedicell crassiusculum, clava-
tum terminans obliquissimum, subreniformis compressum,
plumbei coloris et cereus subdiaphauus infra apicem styli
base breviter mucronat., basi lateri superiore gibbosus, caro
firma, cellulosa tenuis pyrena subossea tenuis.

Semen | lateri inferiore prope, stylum affix. conforme.

.. Tegumentum simplex albidum, tenue. Cotyledones car-
Nose, biplicatze, — Radicula supera, (i e hilum prope.)

Has. Malacca Ching. Malacca Nhinghull: Mr. Lewis

: informs me that in some of the islands of the Indian Archi-
pelago a species of Canarium yields all the oil used by the

Anhabitants, Jan. 27th, 1845.

BS. In one instance I observed a tendency to develope all

. the parts of the ovarium: i. e. fruit, in equal-trilobus. This

can scarcely be a species of Canarium, and it does not

Come near any other of the characters.

CH The small number of stamina is not of much consequence,
i but the shape of the fruit is different.

RHAMNACEJE.

su ZiZYPHUS.

.. l. Zizyphus jujuba. ! |

Arbuscula ramis flexuosis hinc ad basin petiolorum aculea-
fisy aculeis rectis subdeflexis junioribus breviter pubescenti-

. petiolatis ovalibus ovatisve serratis obtusis, basi ob-

.

492 RHAMNACE,

liquis, 3-nervus, nervis lateralibus extus conspicue penniner-
vus, ceterum obscuris junioribus subtus niveo, senioribus fer-
rugineo-tomentosis floribus racemoso pallide citrinis.

Racemis axillaribus, abbreviatis multifloris.

Cal. 5-partitus, extus rubescens, laciniis ovatis sinubus
calycinis ——

et. minora ante cuneata, subcucullata.

Stam 5 pétalis Opposite cum iis inserta.

Discus epigynus obsolete 10-Iobus.

Stylus crassus brevis, Stigmata 2, Ovarium 2-locul. calyce
adnatum, loculis l-ovulatis, ovulis ascendeutibus. Radicula
hilum prope.

Æstivatio valvata, serratis plicato-conduplicata.

Culta obfructum, Moalmain Mergue: October 1834. Uti
omnes plantz quie ubique cultze sunt magnopere variat.

2. Zyzyphi sp. Pl. DLXXXV.

Frutex subscandens, cortice brunnea ramulorum novello-
rum fusco-viridis, spinis brunneis, foliis supra saturata viri-
dibus subtus subglaucescentibus, floribus a petalis viridi-lu-
tescentibus.

Han.'Patakaye mounts Moolumboo Delvi: March 27th,
1837

VENTILAGO.

Ventilago sp.

Fruticosa longe scandens. Fol. alternis bistipulatis, stipulis
ovatis membranaceis minimis deciduis, petiolis brevibus
rubescent. fol. ovat. oblongove ovatis emarginatis obtusissimis
invert glabris reticulatis.

. Racemis paniculatis, axill. et terminal. ea

Calyx fractus discoideus truncatus demum marginibus
fructibus, oblongis foliaceo-alatis, ala quoad cavitati
ifer come ovata l-nerv, rubescent. nervo m

=

AE D

a ng ee EIER

Du. GOUANIA. 493

marginibusque lutescent. basi 2-locular. loculo | , Spe
abortient. 1-ovulat. ovulis erectis, foramen hilum prope.

Semina globosa vel si bina hzemisphzrica. Embryo mi-
nutus in excavationem basilari. Radicula brevis infra hilum
spectans, Cotyled. foliacez orbiculate. — Plumula inconspi-
cue, albumen carnosa copiosum. Pl. DLXXXV. Fig. III.
a, dark coloured vascular lines, b albumen, c vitellus.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis collinis Palor: Feb. 1835.

GovaANIA.

Gouania leptostachga.

Scandens, subglabra.

Foliis alternis petiolatis (petiolis ¢analiculatis) cordato-
ovatis, obtuse acuminatis late crenatis, supra atro-viridibus
lucidisque, infra pallidis et ad nervos pubescens.

Racemis subpaniculatis longissimis nutantibus pubescent,
- oribus numerosis, parvis albis, 2-4 fasciculatis in. pedunculo
brevissimo odoratis, odore prussico, in pedicellis brevissi-
mis articulatis.

al. tubo brevi, limbo 5-partiti; ovario ag oe adnato persis-
tente? laciniis leviter subpat ione valvatis.
. Pet. 5 minima cacal, sinubus abak inserta, stamina
. Obtegentia,

Stam. in annulum 10-dentatum calyci adnatum unita,

dentibus 5 petalis oppositis antherif. 5 oppos. sepalis, sterili-

oblongis emarginatis. Filam subulata brevia, Anth. bi-
loculares subversatiles, loculis longit. dehiscens. Pollen leve.
o brevia filiformia. Stigmata totidem obtuse pupil-

Onia infern. nempe tubo calycina adnat 3-loculosa, locu-

verse section of ovarium &c. PI. DLXXXV. Fig. II.
hi longissimi ex apice ramularum pedunculi trans-
eels, minimis membranaceis. Discus epigynus

494 AURANTIACEJE.

ad faucem calysis in annulum denticulat. stylus subam-
plectens clavatis.
Has. Mergue. In Sylvis Ins. Madamaca: Oct. 1834.

RHAMNUS.

Rhamni sp. Pl. DLXXXVI.

Frutex scandens, cortex ferruginea, fol. subtus glauces-
cente supra saturati-viridia, l-venia subtus subtiliter punc-
tulata. Ramuli viridescentes. Flores viridescentes fortiter
sed subingrate odorata.

Has. Patkaye mountains. Vix occurrit | infra alt. 3000
pedum.

AURANTIACE X.

Oss. In Ægle marmelos. Bel, the septa have pellucid or glan-
dular dots : : the funicle arises from an irregular areola,
situated near the inner angle.

In Murrya exotica the stamens are not inserted into the
disk.

Limonia.

Limonia sp. nova quoad. D. C.

Arborea, foliis lanceolatis in petiolum apicem articulatis,
acuminatis obtusis repandis glaberrimis pellucido-punctat.

. Floribus viridescentibus odoratis paniculatis, paniculis

ribus. folior. circiter longitudinis, dichotomis en
- Cal. minimus, 4-partitus.
Pet 4 linearia sepalis alternantia apicibus cucullatis, deci-
duis.
Stam. 8 libera biserialia seriea externa sepalis. opposita

= D Lose longiora. Filam. petalis paulo breviora subulata ~
lana cmo Anth een shape empto e

Me

CITRUS, : 495

Ovarium pilosum, stylus brevis filiformis, stigma. sub-
3 capit. sub 4-lobum, 4-loculare, loculis 2-ovulatis ovulis
- Superascendent. inferiore majora pendulis, foramen hilum
prope. Fructu maturescent. torus € loculis amplis
factis ovulis minimis. Endocarp. separatu

` Pedicelli paulo infra medium bracteat. pL DLXXXVI.
Fig. II. section of ovarium with ovules. `

Has. Mergue. Ad littoram. Ins. Madam.: August, 1834.

Cirrus.

Citrus scandens, Gr. Pl. DLXXXVII.

Frutex spinosus scandens. Spinis ramulinis vel inflores_
centibus et tunc minoribus.
Ramuli petiole, et folia pubescentia.
2 es albi, uti stamina, suave odorata. Petala extus
a medium Supra viridi tincta.
Ham. In sylvis collinis near the Serpentine Mines versus
ürmam.
April 3rd, 1837.
Species disctinctissima. Ord. Assamia superiore raro
O9ccurrens: in vallem Mogoung frequenter, specias quatuor
legi versus Serpentine mines.

GrYcosMis.

— Glycosmis quingifolia.
— Frutex ramis laxis, fol. pinnatis pinnis alternis, (vel 3
foliatis), oblongo-lanceolatis, subacutis, irregulariter sub-

-Serratis senioribus sabintegris peate punc |
Paniculis » foliis breviori-

rübescente slots, cymis sub 3-chotomis paucifloris,

inconspicuis albis subodoratis.
sepalis, sepalis ovatis rotundatis minute brunneo.

nt. æstivatione imbricatis.

496 AURANTIACE£.

Pet. sepalis alterne obovato, punctulata, astivatione imbri-
catis.

Stam. 10 libera, subbiseriatis, 5 externa paulula longiore
sepalis opposita. Filam. complanata. Anth. ovatz basibus
sagittatis affixis longit. dehiscent. ^ Connectiv. glandulos.
glandulaque terminat. Pollen oblongo-ovatum læve hine sul-
catum, |

Ovar. stylusque crassiss. filiform. glandulis elevatis punc-
tat. Stigma truncat. subcapitat. 5-suleat. medioque foveolat.
Ovar. toro albido paulo elevat. insidens 5-loculare, loculis L-
ovulat. ovulis pendulis foramen hilum prope.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis. Kulweng : Dec. 1834.

Character Wightianus bonus.

Cook14.
Cookie sp.

Suffrutex ramulis viridibus, foliis impari-pinnatis, foliolis
alternantibus, ovatis terminali magis lanceolato-acuminatis
crenato-repandis, pellucido punctatis, floribus paniculatis, in-
conspicuis viridibus.

Paniculis terminalibus divaricatis.

Cal. 5-sepalis, sepalis minutis.

Petalis 5 caducis glandulosis ovatis suberectis concavis»

Stam. 10 libera, alternatim brevior, brevioribus —
oppositis. Filam. sepalis breviore basibus dilatata sub 3
augularia, superne subulata, partis dilatate marginibus
inter se leviter cohærentia. Anth. basi affixe bilocul. longit.
lateraliterque dehiscentes. Pollen aureum oblongum hint
sulcatum.

Ovarium toro parum clavato-insidens, ob

Stylus crassus viridis filiformis, stigma capitata obso

solete 5-lobum;
lete 9-

: .. lobum, 5-loculare, loculis 2-ovulatis, ovulis pendulis eohi
ay |

ibus foramen ad apicem conspicuum. ——
Estivatio pet. imbricata, l exterius, l interius. -
XXX : E Fig. Il, DN MEA outer-most px

Ee

p.
ge I

BERGERA, 497

tion of the ovary and style, f portion of placenta with ovules
attached shewing them to be collateral, c foramen, d raphe,
€ chalaya.

Has. In sylvis. Mergue: Nov. 1834.

BERGERA.

Bergera Kænigii.

Arbuscula, fol. alternis impari-pinnatis ; foliolis oblique
lanceolatis acuminatis crenato-serratis, secus nervum me-
dium sub pubescent. Corymbo terminali multifloro, folioloso,
floribus albis.

Cal. brevis, 5-partitis basi incrassatus. Pet. totidem, ob-
longa sepalis alternantia.

Stam. 10 distincta alterno longiora sepalis, alterna breviora
petalis opposita, distincta, toro dilatato carnoso inserta.

Anth. bilocul. erectæ. Stylus crassus. Stigma capitatum,
: transverse sulcatum,

. 2-loculare, apice non ovuliferum sed receptaculum
olei utrinque continens. Ovula l, interdum 2 cuivis loculo,
pendula nec peritropa. Tegumenta bina, Pl. DLXXXVI.
Fig. III.

Has. Bengal. Prope Jumalpore: Sept. 17th, 1835.
Oss, Genus Murrya vix distincta.

_ Aurantiacee sp.
— Arbuscula vel frütex ramis laxis, foliis opiongo ovatis, obtuse
cuspidatis, integris pellucido-punctatis, li inferior
mn recurva (vel pedunculo vel ramo abortivo) gerentibus.
mulis petiolis, foliorum nervo medio, infra, foliisque
junioribus infra, ferrugineo-paleaceis, foliis alternis obo-
Yatis obtusis, subintegris coriaceis irregulariter pellucido-
— d floribus axillis pne pedicellis foliis breviori.

N3

498 CEDRELACE&.

Cal. zstivatione imbricata 5-sepalis.

Pet. 5, Stam totidem petalis opposita. Anth. bilocul. cin-
gentia, Stylus brevis. Stigma capitat. Ovar. 5-loculare?
loculis 1-ovulatis, ovulis ascendentibus.

Fructibus longe pedicillatis ovatis stipitatis toro nempe elon-
gato, apice parce pilosis, glanduloso-punctatis, baccatis, l-
spermis semen pendula in materia aguosa resinosa viscosa
indulans. Cotyledones carnose. Plumula polyphylla? ulteruis
examinanda. Pl. DLXXXV. A. Fig. XIV.

Stipite calyce, 5-sepalo stipato (sepalis patentibus rotun-
datis emarginatis), basi cicatrisata.

Bacce I-spermze 1-locul. vel 3-spermze 3 locul. an plures?
seminibus pendulis. Cotyledonibus carnosis, plano-convexis,
apicibus bifidis! Radiculo supera brevissima. Plumula
inconspicua. Pl. DLXXXVII. Fig. III. a, radicle, 5 junc-
tion of cotyledon, e ditto other face, d seed externally.

Vidi tantum flores longe ante anthesin, stipulis 0. Habi-
tus Myrsinearum. _

Ha». Ad toram lus. parve prope. Palo Gewen:
Nov. 1834,

CEDRELACEE,

IxoNANTHUS.
| Txonanthus sp. Pl. DLXXXIX. Fig. II.

Semen rarius perfectum pendulum, solitarium, funiculo
uasi, maxime irregulariter monstrosum, supra in subulam
apicem loculi attingent. product: infra irregulariter lobatum,
lobis apicem versus punctulatis subsaceatis, ovila quodomodo
mentientibus.
men brunnea oblongo-lanceolatum, raphe pallide $ com-
piii insignit. compressiusculum, chalaza subdepressa.
e carnosa. Thay thrown out to the xtra
' of the seed,

PEERS

MELIACE, 499

Cotyledones foliacez.

Plamula inconspicua testa coriacew, tegumento interius
tenuiss, albumen arcte vestiens, tela cellulosa distineta ier regu -
lariter interjecta inter tegzumenta. @ attachment of Eoo,
b, c, ovule, d albumen, e testa, f embryo, g funicle, & hilum.

MELIACE 2.

Metra.
l. Melia excelsa.

. Arbor excelsa 50 pedalis, trunco gracili albo altius ramoso,

Fol. ad apices ramorum confert. pinnata 2-2} pedalia, pe-
tiolo tereto, basi versus incrassata, foliol. alterna vel subop-
posita, oblonga acuminata, basi superne, obliquissima, et sub-
auriculata, repanda, nitida lete virentia glabra, subtus reticulata
penninerva. -
= Paniculis axillaribus, 2-pedalibus, interdum foliolis, com-
positis subthyrsoideis, floribus in cymis paucifloris dis-
positis inconspicuis parviusculis albidis. Subodorat. Pedi-
cellis basibus articulatis ee pedunculisque pubes .
tente velutinus. -

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis velittons vakaia subæqualibus.

= Pet 5. oblongo-linearia patentissima obtuse, pubescent.,
(livatioue imbricata, 2 exterior, l-interiora. l-intermedia.
-. Tubus stamineus basi dilatat. 10-salcatus, sulcis basi subdis-
tantibus, membrana interpositis, supra approximatis, ideoque
filam 10. basibus dilatata inter se per totam longitudine coalita,
apice »-dentat. dentibus petalis oppositis latioribus inte-
ISG e, sepalis oppositis, plus minus profunde emarginat.
Anth. subexsertze oblonge sessiles bilocular longitud.
lateraliter dehiscentes. Pollen poe leve, m immersa
apillu 2-3 emittens 1s (Onagracious).

lus erass; a pillos. Stigma sub-

basi annulat. 3.4 lobam iplo. be carnosus

500 MELIACE.

hypogynus, ovaria basi cingens. Ovar. glab. 3-loculare, locu-
lis 2-ovulatis ovulis pendulis collateral. foram. superum hilum
prope. Pl. DLXXXV. Fig. V. single ovules attached to the
Placenta.

Gen. discedit. ovaria 3 nec 5 loculare.

An Melia excelsa Jack, sed charactere DeCandollii erroneus

Has. Circa Mergue, an culta: Dec. 1834

2. Melia azadarachta.

Arbor. Folia pinnata, dimidiato-ovatze, acuminata, prone
dentato-serrata, ad apices ramorum conferta.

Inflorescentia axillaris terminalisque, racemoso-paniculata.
Flores albi redolentes bracteata, bracteis caducis. Æstiv.
corol. imbricat.

al. 5-sep. sepalis ovatis.

Cor. 5-pet. petalis lanceolatis sepalis alternis patentibus
stamina hypogyna, biserialia, sepalorum numero duplex.

Filam. in tubum coalita. Tubus ad apicem 10-lobus, quo-
rum | cuique antherz respondit, lobis 5 exterior sepalis, 5
interior petalis oppositis. Antherz ad apicem tubi, longitud.
et introrsum dehiscentes.

Stylas I tubo stamineo brevior filiformis. Stigma submi-
trzeformes. Ovarium 3-locul. loculis 2-ovulat. ovulis pendulis.

Oss. Development. The younger the bud is, the less is the

development of the tubus stamineus and style compared cri

that of the anthers and stigma. In a bud, in which

corolla is double the bu of the calyx, the anthers are
very large, the lobes of the tube small, not reaching ha
way up the back of the anthers, while the tube its

ed but almost sessile.

af scarcely -
exceeds in length the anther. The stigma is well develop-

. 501

HARTIGHSEA.

Hartighsea ramiflora.

Ramuli subsimplices elongati inferne floriferi, superne

foliosi, novelle partes cum fol. nascent. ferrugineo-furfurac.
'olia petiolata 1-14 pedalia, petiolis angulatus foliola in

petiolulis bilineal. supra canaliculatis, alterna, sub 11 ob-
.. lengo-lanceolata, superiore lateri inzequalia obtuse cuspidato-
&uminata supra atro-viridia, long. 43-5 uncial, lat. 14 uncial.

n the lowest leaves of the Kia a short raceme sometimes
occurs,

Racemi florum ex axillis folior. lapsor. vix ultra unciales,
(all at the same state of development) pedunculis infra
medium quasi lignosus, squamis brunneis bracteatis notat.
Parte florifera viridescens ferrugineo-puberula.

Pedicelli sublineales versus medium articulati bractea
nnea squamiformi suffult. Bracteole 2 minima con-
ores, :

Flores densiusculi 4-meri, majusculi, ochroleuci, cito fus-
Cescentes,

Calyx minimus planiuscula, 4- dentatus.

: Petala 4, lineari-oblonga, ad medium tubo staminum erect.
: et cum leviter adherent. tunc reflexo-patentia, 4-linealia

Tubus stamineus petalis paullo brevior, pressione subangu-
latus, subtetragonus, apice dentibus 8 latis brevibus sub-
arginatis interdum. Anthere oblonge, parve sessiles
lentiur | facie interiore, bilocul. longit. dehiscent.
; bu 3 interior triplo brevior erenulatus, etenik forsan 10,
cum antheris altern. ovarium cingens et zequans.

Ovarium brevissime stipitatum subglobosum lepidotum

ima
lus filiformis vel columnaris, prope basin articula-
ngitudine circiter tubo staminei, apicem cyathulo
ampliat, Stigma discoidea subexsertum e cyathulum

502 MELIACE2.

supra dietum prominens. Ov. triloculares, ovula bina pendula
collateralia, anatropa.

Fructus. ?

Has. Malacca Nhinghull : Jan. 27th, 1845.

Oss. Hartighsez sp.? sed foliola non opposita, a tendency
to an additional tooth in the staminal column. Column or tube
very veiny, the principal axes corresponding with the anthers,
along which the tube is also outwardly sulcate, the staminal
fascicles appear simple. The inner tube is evascular.

The structure of the apex of the style and stigma render it
probable, that this latter texture may be highly exserted.

MonosoMa.
Monosoma littorata, Gr.

Arbor. Foliis pinnatis 2-jugis, ramis l-jugis, foliolis obovatis,
vel ovato-obovatis obtusissim : coriaceis integris, penninerviis,
nervis secondariis suboppositis, subtus pallidior reticulatisque ;
(fol. aliquando abortu solitariis). Petiolulis brevibus crassis
brunnescent.

Inflorescente paniculato axillaris. Paniculis pauciflora foliis
brevioribus pedunculis pedicellisque clavatis rubescent, flori-

bus inconspicuis viride albidis subsuaviter odoratis.

rim 4-sepalus, sepalis orbicularibus minimis.

or. 4-petala, petalis sepalis alternantia obovato-oblongis,

Cee patentibus, zstivatione imbricatis.

Stam. 8 monadelpha, hypogyna in tubum apice 8-dentat.
(dentibus ovulibus apiculatis) connata. Anth in sinubus
dentium sessiles, biloculares introrsz longit. dehiscent.

Ovarium rotundat. miniatum apice tantum viridescente.
Stylo brevi filiformii, Stigma discoideum brevissima el 4
cum, subspiraliter 4-sulcatum. Ov. 4-loculare, basin versus a

solidum ; loculis pauci-ovulatus, ovulis pendulis ab asin Ce" —
* tral. apicem. loculorum versus, foramen RS hilo m :
: sum eo que loculi fundum versus spectans. P. DLXXXVE :
III. Transverse section of the ovary i

GUAREA. 503

Pl. DLXXXV. Fig. VIII. longitudinal ditto.

Fructus maximus, l-locularis pericarpio crasso leathery,
sub 4-valvis. Semina pauca maxima, angulata. Testa
crassissima, extus coriacea intus, suberosa. Albumen Q.
Cotyledones, maxime carnosa, in corpus unicum coalite.
Radicula subsupera? maxima, teste cicatrici notat. facilj
germinans.

Ad littoram Insular. et inter Rhizophoreus circa Mergue
copiosa. Florens Nov. 1834, fructu, July, August.

Habitus floresque Meliacearum, a quibus cotyledonibus
cavitatam tantum differt.

HAR. Gen. Cal. 4-sepalus. Pet. 4 patentia, stam. in
tubum monadelphum apice 8-dentatum coalita, Anth. ses-
siles in sinubus dentium. Ovarium 4-loculare, loculis pauci
ovulatis, ovulis pendulis, stylus 1, stigma peltatum subspiraliter
“sulcatum. Fructus maximus, 4-valvis, l-locularis. Se-
mina plura maxima angulata, cotyledones coalitæ.

GUAREA.

l. Guarea oblongifolia.

- Arbor humilis, fol. 2-jugis, petiolis basin petiolulisque
intrassatis rubescent. foliolis oblongis obtusis, basi obliquis
Plus minus, subtus reticulatis.
Durus axillarib. foliis multo breviorib. Floribus incon-
Spicuis a

: ‘ onos, Bike affinis.

Ad littoram Ins. Madamaca: Fed. 1835.

2 Guarea disyphonia, Gr.
Arb "30 pedalis, fol. pinnatis 2, 3 jugis, foliolis sæpius

e i Oblongis lanceolatisve oblongis subrepandis, atros
; vonie Secondaria distinctis obtusis petiolis verrucosis

m axillaribus compositis yugiius 1i pedalibus

504 MELIACEAZ.

pendulis. Pedicillis articulatis brevibus basi bracteatis, flori-
bus majusculis albis.

Cal. 4-dentata, dentibus acutis.

Cor. 4-petala, pet. lineari-oblonga, medium infra conniven-
tia, corollamque gamopet. simulam, med. supra reflexam dis-
tinctaque, æstivatione valata.

'ubus stamineus petalis paulo brevior, extus pubescens
apice sub. 8-dentata denticulataque. Anth 8 sessilis intra
tubam paulo infra apicem bilocular. longit. dehiscent. dentibus
tubo oppositis. Pollen subglobosum lzve.

Columna hypogyna carnosa, stamino tubo duplo brevior
8-dentato, dentibus sepalis alternant. longe pilosis ovarium
intus pilosissima omnino obtegit.

Stylus filiformis. Stigma, discoid. 2 annulat. aunulo interi-
or minore albo, 4-sulcato.

Ovar. pilosum 4-loculare, loculis 2-ovulatis ovulis ascen-
dent, superpositis foram superia. Pl. DLXXXV. A. Fig. I.
a annulus exter, ġ ovula in situ with a portion of placenta.

Has. In sylvis. Ins. Madamaca prope Palor: Dec. 1834.

An Guarea sed character generis magnopere deficiens:
ob tubos duos, quorum interius sterili. Disyphonia nomi-
nanda.

3. Guaree sp. Pl. DLXXXVIII. Fig. II.

Fructus pomi magnitud. stipitatus, stipite crass. -
isis ; lutescens, apice cruciate, lineatus, interstitiis medio
longitudinaliter obsolete foveolatis. ^ Endocarpio spongioso

crasso 4-locularis, 4-spermus. Semina unica in quoque loculo
jongitudinaliter affixa, arillo maximo carnoso, semen ? fere Om-
nino includent. crasso albo.

Semen? tegumento membranaceo tenui continent. net
a
subrotundam carnosam albid. radicula cotyledonibus plum
conspicuis |
gend bscure;

Hee massa secus lineam medio lineato est sed 0 a
sed. cotyledones mutuo adherent et centrum versus conu
- radicula an plumula continent et cumeo adherent.

505

AGLAIA.

l. Aglaia sexipetala, Gr.

Ramuli brunnescentes, teretes flexuosuli. Folia trifoliata.
Petiolus teres utrinque incrassatus sub-biuncialis, foliola sub-
elliptica breviter et obtuse cuspidata subcarnosa 32 unc.
longit. latit. biuncial : ven. secondariis conspicuis et arcuatim
nexis, reticulatis etiam subtus obscure: petiolule fere 4-li-
neales supra sulcatam.

BUR

Panicula ex axillam folii evoluta ultima vix ultra digitum
longit. eum partibus nov. minute ferruginea, pilis sublente
Stellatis, ramis patentissimis brevibus, ultimis racemiforme
vel subcymos.

Flores minuti numerosissimi clausi lutei.

. Cal. eodem more pubescens 5-sepalus, minimus.

Petala 6, oblonga, concava connivente in corollam apicem

ressa parvia, biseriata, seria intima duplo fere minora.
. Urceolus stamin, inclusum, apice 10-dentat. dentibus 5
alternis antherifer, 5 aliis obtusis, obsoletis. Antheræ ovato-
Cordatze sessiles bilocul. deorsum spectantes, introrse. Pollen
albidum.

Ovarium stigma magno disciforme capitat. obsolete trilo-
E bum coronat. fondoa urceoli nuncupans, pilosum vel lepi-

um, cylindraceum, minimum

Ovulum anatropum, Polan: vel subappensum, sæpe ut
7 Tidetur nullum, foramen superum.

observation of the ovulum is difficult, owing to the
E- of the parts, but certainly it pete single and
Solitary,

Han, Malacca at Ching: Jan. 27th, 1845.

2, Aglaia Dookkoo, Gr.
Arbor mediocris, fol. pinnatis petiolis, petiolulis basi incras-
8, fol. alterna oblongis, interdum oblongo-obovat, lateri
o 3

506 MELIACE.

inferiorum inzequaliter, subundulat. coriaceis glabis venis
2-dariis obliquum arcuatis, intervenia reticulatis.

Racemis abbreviatis 2-3 uncialibus fasciculatis ex axillis,
vetustis, fol. orbatis robustis.

Bractea min. sub floremqueve. Fl. breviter pedicel. pedi-
cello robusto, alabastris cum pedicellis depresso-turbinat.

Calyx minutus 5-sepalus, sepalis basin carnosis ciliatulis.

Cor. connivent. urceolata, petalis 5, rotundatis concavis,
apice depresso hiante, stamina apicis et stigma exponent im-
bricata, 2 exteriorum, 2 intermedium, 4 intern. (one border
overlapped) carnosiuscula.

Columna stamina brevissime depressa et quasi incurvata
carnosa, simplex. Anth. 10 intra os inserti, infra antheras
tubus angustatur.

Ovar. oblongo-conica. Stylus 0. Stigma a large truncate
subpentagonal body, infra medium 5-loculare, loculis 1-ovulat. -
ovulis pendulis anatropus.

- Haz. Malacca at Malim.

This is distinct from the Lanseh of the Malays, than which
it is considered much finer, in the shorter spikes, and the
broad depressed flowers.

It appears to me closely allied to Aglaia.

The spikes of the Lanseh are proliferous at the apex. The
inner locelli of the anthers are the largest, the outer are, I

think, the largest in the Dookkoo.

3. Aglaie sp.? Pl. DLXXXIX. Fig. l. Burseraces-
Itinerary Notes, p. 176, no. 898.

l. Alabastra. cee

2. Flower imbrication various.
_ 4. Do. seen vertically, anthers deciduous. : a T
. 5. Longit section, | Shewing the insertion of the pet —

ANDERSONIA. 507

7. Petals stamens and glandular cup removed viewed ex-
teriorly, the cellular portions are those to which the
calyx adhered.

8. Stamen inner view,

8a. Do. outer, 84 do. after dehiscence.

9. Pollen.

- 9a. do. immersed.

10. Pistilla, ovary opened longitudinally.

10a. Ovulum, 106 do. igi section, :

Han. Bootan.

ANDERSONIA.

Andersonia Rohitoca, Pl. DLXXXIX. Fig. III.

Arbuscula. Fol. impari-pinnatis, foliolis subbi-jugis oblongis
. Obtuse acuminatis obliquis, terminali minora, floribus race-
Moso-paniculatis (paniculis nutantibus) minutis, suaviter
odoratis

Cal. a 3-üdus segmentis rotundatis subæquali-
bus, marginibus membranaceis.

.. Corolla connivens? 3- petala, petala rotundata concava,

9tium anticum estivatione imbricata.

"B Tubus staminifer urceolatus, carnosus petaloideus, apice

: angustata minute denticulata, stam. 6 basi tubo inserta inclusa,

P Sepalis, 3 petalis opposita. Filam sub 90. Anthere

9vato-lanceolatze erectae introrsze, longitud. lateraliterque de-

hi ntes, connectivo majusculo.

* Stylus 0. Stigma magnum capitat. 3-gonum, angulis sepa-

dis oppositis, ovarium superum 3-loculare ovula 6, cuique lo-
culo, Superimposita, placentis affixa, supremo ascendente,

= pendulo foramen conspicuum bilum po

Prope Jonalpore : Set, iu ne
Calycis dentes.
Petala, -

508 MELIACE J£.

c. Staminum urceolus.
d. Stamina.
e. Stigmatum triangulus.

Meliacee sp.

Arbor demissius ramosa 35 pedalis, ramulis articulatis, ar-
ticulis tumidis subteretibus viridescent, fol. altera oppositis,
pinnatis 2-jugis cum impari. Petiolis basi incrassatis supra
subcanaliculat. foliolis ovato-oblongis acuminatis basi inzequa-
libus serratis, serraturis mucronatis glabris coriaceis juniori-
bus carnosis nitidis, stipulis caducis, (nondum visis) cicatri-
cula lato linearia, inter petiolari stipellis? subulatis, ad basin
petioluli cujusque, 2 ad basin paginze cujusque.

Inflorescente axillaris sepius ter — cymoso- -corymbosa,
floribus parvis nui te suave odora-
tis corymburti ramuli articulati basibusque bracteati.

Cal. 5 sepal. sepalis valde inzequalib. 2 exter minorib. ovatis
oblongisve pallide rubro-fuscis, æstivation 5-uncial? interdum
6, vel basin }-bracteat.

Pet. totid. iis alterna, hypogyna.

Stam. 5 hypogyna libera sepalis opposita, filam subulato
complanata basib. valde dilatata. Anth. versat. bilocul. longit.
dehiscent. Pollen ovatum leve hinc sulcat.

Discus hypogynus annulat. intra stamina ovarique, crenu-
latus sublobatusque albus.

Stylus 1, e 3 subcoalitis, stamina subequans. Stigma
capitat. subdiscoid, e 3-coalit.

Ovaria 3 leviter coalita I-locular pauci ovulat. ovulis pla-
centis axilibus affixa pendula biseriat. foramen hilum prope
conspicuum.

Has. Mergue. Insylvis. Pullow: Jan. 1835.

Pollen aqua immersum Onagraoideum. Ex charactere
"ipophrüeis accedit, staminib, petalorum numero ud

LI

Hiis. omnino Meliacearum, Zygophylleis afnis.

509
LYTHRACEA.
LawsonIa.

Lawsonia inermis. DXC. Fig. II.

l. Bud.
3 2. Flower.
. 3. Ditto magnified
(4. Front view of anther.
5. Back ditto ditto.
6. Longit. section of ovarium.
7. Ovule.
|... — a motion rapidly vibratory, 4 motion rotatory capable of
. assuming the globular form. 1831.

LAGERSTRG MIA.

1. Lagerstremia floribunda,

p ANAR foliis suboppositis ovato-oblongis, glabris, flori-
paniculatis, numerosa sæpius in cuique ramulo,
. paniculis terminalibus ferrugineo-villosis ramosiss.

— Cal. extus ferrugineo-villosus profunde, 18-sulcatus, sulcis
sepalis oppositis nempe ab ejus nervo medio virginatibus
majoribus, sulcis sinubus oppositis ad sinum prominentibus, 6-
dentatus, dentibus reflexis apicibus in processum subulatum
euntibus,

Pet, 6, breviter unguiculata, limbo ovato pirato re-
pando, sepalis alternantia.

.. Stam. 00, inzequalia, pluriserialia, seriea externa e 6 se-
palis opposita, longiore, discoloriaque, Filam. subulata 6
exterior declinatis, rubris, reliquis subascendentia, albidis.
Ant - bilocul. long. dehiscentes, connectivo lato, 6 exterior
-rubescent. Feliquo rn URN.

Stylus declinatus stigma obtus

Ovarium | dense villosum es EL cubus; loculis 6, tan-

510 LYTHRACE.

tum completis, dissepim. 6, aliis parietalibus. Ovula 00 an-
gulosa.

Has. Insepibus mergue: August, 1834.

Oss. It does not belong to the section given in DeCandolle,
but properly to a distinct section.

Cal longit. plicatus sulcatusque. Stam 6 exteriora majora.

CBan. spec. Foliis suboppositis, oblongo-ovatis glabris.

Paniculis ramosis, terminalibus ferrugineo-vilosis. Stam.
6 exterior eoque declinatis. Pet. primo pulchre rosacei,
demum alba!

2. Lagerstremia parviflora, Pl. DXCII.

Arbuscula, ramulis subteretibus brunneis cortice cracked,
ramulis 4-gonis viridibus, angulis quoque ad margin peti-
oli brevis desinent, fol. suboppositi basi minute stipulata,
stipulis dentiformibus brunneis cordato-oblongis vel lance-
olato-oblongis (superior.) infimis orbicular. subtus glauco-
albidis minute reticulatis.

Paniculis axillaribus foliis brevior vel subzequant. dichotomis.
Pedicelli basi articulatis his florum 2 infimorum latera-
lium bibracteolatis floribus suave odoratis.

Stam. 00, breviora antheris luteis 5 longiore majoraque
sepalis opposit, apice purpurascent. Anth. brunneis. Stylus
albus bigeniculatus, stigma purpurascens

. Has. Burmah. Bamon Sylvis: April “28th, 1837.

PEMPAHIS.

Pemp his acidula.
oppositis subsessile fanol subobtusis, in 5
ceis, pilis adpressis subsericeis albidis, 1-nerviis,

laribus solitariis pedicellatis albis, pedicellis basi brat
foliis brevioribus.

quA CP ERAS ETE Ee bI TIVE t

e : 6. Pistillum long section.

PEMPHIS, 511

Cal. subcampanulatus, tubo 12-striata, limbo 5-dentato
sinubus 5 in dentibus productis ideoque 12-dentatüs vide-
tur.

Pet. tot quot dentes sinubus inserti subsessilia, lanceolato-
sinuata repanda.

Stam. inclusa medio tubo inserti, 12 ; 6 longiora sepalis, 6
breviora petalis, vel sinuum dentibus niii. Anth. bilocul,
longit. lateral. dehiscent. Stylus filiformis stam. superans.
Stigma capitat.

Ovarium liberum breviter stipitat. l-locul. ovulis ascen-
dent. placenta centrali afüxis.

Capsula calyce fere tecta. Stylo stigmatisque persistent.
terminata ad apicem circumscissa.

Has. Mergue. In Ins. parv. flum. Palar: Oct. 1834.
Lezi etiam in Ins. little cocos, et apud Amherst.

LEPTOSPARTION.

| Leptospartion grandiflora, Gr. Pl. DXCI. Lagerstroemia
grandiflora Roxb. Itinerary Notes, p. 114, no. 193.
Has. Bootan.

_ Lythrariee, Pl. DXC. Fig. I. Itinerary Notes p. 296,

l. Plant nat. size.

la. Alabastru

2. Flower leaf « and bracteole.

_ 3. Flower laid open.

4. Stamina lateral and front eges examinand.)
5. Anther posteriorly.

6a. Ovulum

a. Ditto long section,
ES

.

512 TILIACEZ.

8a. Long section.
85. Embryo.
Has. Affghanisthan. Aug. 11th, 1839.

TILIACEA,
CorcHorvs.

Corchorus olitorius.

-Herbacea decumbens pilosa, caulibus teretibus rubescenti-
bus, foliis petiolatis cordato-ovatis serratis acutis, 5-nervis
serraturis 1 vel 2 basilarib. aristatis, stipulis setaceis, floribus,
inconspicuis luteis racemosis, racemis extra axillarib. 2-3
floris abbreviatis, bracteis setaceis binis cuique flori.

Cal. 4-sepal. sepalis mucronatis, 3-1 nerviis, nervo | promi-
nulis, | sinistrum quoad axis, nervis 2 prominulis lateralib.
ideoque e sepalis 2 coalitis formatus.

Pet. 5, unguiculata hypogyna, sepalis alternantia.

Stam. 00, hypogyna basi in cupulam brevem coalita, filam.
filiformia. Anth. biloculares longit. Stylus filiformis, fila-
mentis duplo brevior, stigma capitat. 3 dehiscentes. Pollen.

Ovatum leve ovarium 3-gonum pilosum, loculare ovulis
00, placentis axilibus affixa subpendula foramen hilum prope.

Has. In ruderatis Madamaca Mergue: Sept. 1834.

TRIUMPHETTA.
Triumphetta NES. Gr.

Herbacea tia stell mollis, foliis lanceo-
lato-ovatis basi subcordatis, 5-nerviisque acuminatis duplica-
to-serratis stipulis linearibus inflorescentia axillaris cymo082»
cymis abbreviatis petiolis breviore floribus lutescentibus 7
teolis setaceis.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis linearibus patulis dorso pubescentibus

apicibus mucronatis intus luteis apicis versus rubro-aura Ago

ee CURRERE

NEESIA, 513

Pet. 5 nuda, sepalis minora erecta linearia repanda unguibus
pilosis.

Stam. 8 hypogyna ima basi 1-delpha, filam. filiformia denta-
ta (more pappi compositam.) Anth. terminat. bilocular. lon-
git. dehiscent. Stylus filiformis stam. paulo brevior. Stig-
mata 5 simplicia. Ovarium pilosum. Pollen ovulum leve hinc
sulcatum 5-loculare, loculis 1-2 ovulatis foramen ad hilum.

Has. In graminosis, Mergue: Sept. 1834

Spec. unicum adhuc tantum vidi,

NEESIA.
Neesie sp.

. Fructus subrotundum, diametro sub 4-uncialis muricatus.
(The murices or prickles are from angular areolations and
are themselves angular) pedicellum crassum brevem terminans
Purpureo-brunneus, loculicidem, valvis crassis lignosis aureo
colore.

Semina pauca angulo interiore basin loculi versus vel
infra medium affixa ascendentia, oblonga, pressione irre-
gulariter facialia, uncialia long. excluso arill. funic.

Funieulus brevis in arilla carnosum lutescens crassum
basin imam seminis more annuli cingentea ampliatus. |

Tegumentum castaneum crassum coriaceo-induratum-sub-
attilagineum, raphe linearis lata 3 completa ad apicem seminis
(chalazam) in ramulos palmatim divisus ramulis and hilum
fere eurrentibus.

.. Albumen carnosum, lacteum copiosum.

Embryo. Cotyled. magne accumbentes, albz foliaceze
‘long; radicula infera brevis: as broad as the seed,
‘Tempe 4-lineales 7 lines long.

Haz. Ching Malacca Ninghull: Jan. 1845.
BRowNLOWIA

: Calyx inferus, tubo cylindrico, basi complanatus, 3-den-

atus, dentibus 2 duplo majoribus e dentibus duabus con-

Patis evidenter exorientibus.

CENE EN d eU e HE

P3

514 TILACEÆ.

Petala 5, hypogyna oblonga.

Stamina libera? hypogyna indefinita, 5 sterilia latiora inter
fertilia et ovarium. Antheræ oblongæ biloculares, parce
pilosa (pilis cellulosis). Pollen globosum.

Endothec. cellulæ sed obscure discernuntur quia antheræ
pagina interior mucilaginosa est.

Torus ultra verticillos sepalorum petalorumque elongatus,
apice ovarium e carpellis 5 concretis formatum gerens.

Stylus l, Stigma 1. Carpella, triovulata, ovula horizon-
talia. Aistivatio calycis valvata, petalorum imbricata.

Oss. In hac planta, glandule hypogynz hujus ordinis
in filamenta sterilia mutata sunt, sic natura horum glandula-
rum evidenter monstratur.

Diffect ab alis generebus calyce 3-dentato, excepta
Chritianá, (ad quam accedis etiam carpellis pauce ovulatis,
et facile separabilibus) et stigata unico.

Hzc planta primum in Anglia floruit apud Sir Abraham
Hume, Sept. 9th, 1831, quod celeberrimum Lindley missa
fuit.

VATICA.

Vatica trigyna.

Arbor 35 pedalis, trunco altius ramoso, cortice rugosa,
ramulis subteretibus, lepidotis, squamis minimis peltatis, lace-
ris subpubescentib. —

Fol. alterna bistipulata petiolatis, petiolis utrinque p
crassatis, oblongis breve obtuseque acuminatis basi Cor-
datis coriaceis, supra glabris lucidisque subtus, ad nervum
medium uti ramuli lepidoti-pubescentes, pagina ge
dulis? lutescent. crebris stipata, nervis secondariis cons-
picuosiss. et ad fere ad margines current.

Glandulz vel peltatze dentatzque lutescentes, vel dicoloratæ
integræ, subcapitate. Stipulæ caducæ cicatriculi oblique

DIPTEROCARPUS. 515

Racemis paniculatis axillaribus, pendulis floribus ma-
jusculis, albis odoris per ingratem. Pedunculi uti ramul
pubescenti lepidoti, pedicellis calycibusque extus subveluti-
nis.

Cal. persist. 5-sepalus, sepalis ovatis patentib. inzequalibus,
2 exteriorib. paulo longiorib. obtusis, 3 inter acutis.

Pet. 5 hypogyna, ovata, subconcava patente sepalis alterna,
‘Subacuta decidua, zestivat. convolutum imbricata.

Stam. 00 hypogyna biserialia libera toro clavato inserti,
flam. brevissima. Anth. basibus affixze membranacez, bilo-
Culares, locellorum pagine exteriores longiores, longitud.
sed praesertim apices versus dehiscent. connectivum in setam
longissima anthera 4-plo excedent. product. post petalor.
lapsum persist.

oe crassissimus subconicus stigmata 3 simplicia sub-
paten

com superum liberum, 3-loculare, loculis 2-ovulatis, ovu-
lis pendulis, foram. superum, tegument. ovuli 3 distinctiss.

Has. Mergue. Ad summitatam Collis Pator altitudinis 600,
.. 800 ped. Stylus omnino ovario conformis, stylus est nec ovarii
. Prolongat. ob canali centralem inter stigmat. bases et lo-
culos ovaria current. Torus pubescens. Tela stamina scabra.
1 Au genus proprium ob stigmata 3-stylumque.
|
|

DI JIPTERACEJE :

DiPTEROCARPUS.

3 _ Dipterocarpus grandiflorus,

. Arbor excelsa formosa trunco 60 pedalia, apicem versus
famosa, ligno duro, fluido resinosz fzeto. Ramulis compres-
Sis petiolisque pubescentia brevi stellaria. Stipulis densissime
Pubescent, apicibus pilis tone hispidis, cicatriculis obli-
Petiolis S-uncialib. apices versus ma aiai; fol. ovato-

516 DIPTERACE.

acuminatis basi subdeltoideis, coriaceis repandis glabra venis
secondariis distinctiss. ad margines fere current.

Inflorescentia spicato-racemosa, axillaris.

Fructibus szpius solitariis (abortu) pendulis in pedunculis
elongatis cicatricibus florum lapsorum notatis, maximis 5-
alatis, 6 uncialibus, alis carnosis.

Calyx fructus 5-partit. lobis 8, rotundatis abbreviatis 2, in
aliis longissimis, foliaceis venosis rubris 5 unciales productis
obtusis capsula apicem versus argenteo-sericeis l locular. l
sperma. :

Pedicellis incrassatis, capsulis immaturis bases versus tantum
cavis apicibus crassissimis, carnosis, lata pyriformibus.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis, elatioribus. Pator, arbor inter
alissimos altus, oleum lignum præbet. Feb. 1835.

SUNAPTEA.

Sunaptea odorata, Gr. Pl. DLXXXV, A. Fig. V.

Arbuscula frutexve, ramulis subcompressis petiolisque velu-
tino-pubescent.

Fol. altern. ovatis obtuse acuminatis integris glabris re-
ticulatis, bistipulatis, stipulis, membranaceis, ovatis caducis.

nflorescentia racemosa axillarisque vel paniculata ter-
minatis. Pedunculis pedicellis calycibusque extus albido-
velutinis. Bracteis caducis membranaceis floribus majus-
culis, albis odoratissimis, in pedicellorum apices brevissimas
subnullasque articulat. seepe secundis.

Cal. ultra medium 5-partit. laciniis linearibus obtusis, veluti-
nis reflexis inequalibus, per zestivationem valvatis.

Pet. 5, lineari-spathulata uncialia medium infra 1-torta
hypogyna caduce ob torsione genitalia obtigentia.

Stam. 15-17, perigyna basibus dilatatis toro submonadelph
biserialia. Filam, basi dilatata brevissim. Anth. membrana-
ceo bilocul. longit. lateraliterque dehiscent. Connective in
apiculum brevissime producto. |

*

ELZOCARPUS. 517

Stylus brevis filiformis apice dilatat. Stigmata 3, oblonga
media sulcata in styli discum composita.
Ovar. pubescens 3-loculare seminferum, loculis 2-ovulat.
ovulis pendulis foramen supera, tegumenta ovuli distinctis.
Has. In sylvis humidiusculis. Mergue: Jan. `
Anth. loculorum paginæ inæqualis, post dehiscent. pagin.
dorso per paria arcte approximatis, 2 major. 2 minoribusque.
. Pollen oblonga lve his sulcatum.
Omnia Dipterocarpeo petalis, staminabusque perigynis et
sstlvatione calycis valvata exceptis. Pet. æstivat. contorta
dor flor suavissimus aromaticus.
From Sunapto Gk. Jungo ; ob ovarium calyci adnatum.
Habitus Vateria lanceæfoliæ, Roxb.
Fl. Indica vol 2, p. 601. Ejusdem Icones in suppl. 4, t. 68.
EL/EOCARPE/E.
ELÆOCARPUS.
Eleocarpe sp.
Ramuli. teretes. Fol. longiuscule petioluta (petiolis utrin-
que incrassatis teretibus,) ovato-lanceolatis obtuse acuminatis
Brosse distanterque serratis glabris subcoriaceis, marginibus
cartilagineis. ramulinis tantum.
Racemis raminis exaxillis folior. lapsor. erectis 3-4 unciali-
bus multifloris.
Bracteis lanceolatis caducis, floribus nutantib. elegantissimis
is,
< Sepal. 5 lanceolata lineari decidua zstivatione valvata.
` Pet. totidem iis alternantia, apicibus profunde capillacea
: incisis, parte integra hypogyna.
Stam. biserialia circiter 30, toro elevato yelntiuo, pee
inserti, libera serie externa fasciculata, f:
Serie i Interna subdecandra, staminibus nempe,2_ utrinque fas-
ce li cujusque. Filam. series externe brevia, interne 3-plo
a, breve pubescent. Anth. lineari quadratz, brunneo-
M apicibus bilabiat. dehiscent. bilocul.

518 ELJEOCARPEJE.

Stylus subulatus, e 3 coalitis. Stigma simplex subacute.

Torus staminifer repandus vel crenato-lobatus.

Ovar. breve pubescens, 3-loculare loculis 2-ovulatis, ovulis
pendulis, foram. superum hilum prope.

Fasciculis stamin. seriei exterior 3-5-andris, petalis opposi-
tis in sinubus loborum tori inserta interiora, per paria sepalis
oppositio! brunnescente, exterior albid. lab. exterius post de-
— hiscent. apice setulas geresis.

Alternation and situation of the parts of the flower, Pl.
DXCII. Fig. II. a inner, 5 outer series.

Has. Mergue. March, 1835.

ZEstivat. pet. convoluti-valvata.

Monocera.

Monocero tricanthera, Gr.

Arbuscula, ramulis subteretibus. :

Fol. alternis stipulatis, (stipulis caducis cicatricula angusta,
punctzformis) ovatis obtuse acuminatis serrato-crenatis,
marginibus cartilagineis penninervis reticulatis glabris.

Racemis terminalibus et axi'lis foliorum summorum sericeo-
pubescent. foliis longior.

Pedicellis basi 3-bracteatis? bractea anticum lanceolato-
lineare laterali minimis setaceis, brunneis floribus inconspicuis
viridescent nutant.

Cal. 5 sepal. sepalis lanceolatis acutis extus sericeis, gestiva-
tione valvatis. Ad anthesin inferne longitudinaliter fissure
ad medium, carnosa.

Cor. pet. 5, sericea prsesertim intus, sepalis conformia et
medio clavato marginibus arcte incurvis, et concoloria,
apicibus inciso-dentatis a medium supra erecta. jsti-
vatione involuto-valvatis (marginibus involutis) discus glan-
dulosus 10-lobus, lobis pilosis sericeis, staminaque Per
paria sepalis opposita. = dep de s
Stam. 00 hypogyna libera filam. brevissima sericeo-pilos?-

HIBISCUS. 519

Anth. subulate longissime pilis longis subsericeis hispidissim.
loculis inzqualiter connectivo in apiculo subulato apice
tantum pilifero longe producto per anthesin extrorsum flexo,
anth. bilocular apicibus hiantibus ob paginarum separatione,
minutissim. hinc sulcat. Pollen (aqua immersa, ovat.)
globosum lzve.

Stylus subulatus glaber. Stigma simplex, acutum ovar.
superum ovatum parce longeque pilosum, biloculare, loculis
00 ovulatis, ovula foramen conspicuum ad apicem ovuli, piloque
subpropinquum ad apicem locul. spectans. tegumentum ovuli

distinct. Pl. DCXIX. Fig. III.

Haz. In aquosis inter fruticetes. Mergue : Dec. Jan. 1834.

Anth. iterum examinandze subula an e loculo exterior? om-
nino Orta vel e connectivo Monocera tricantheram.

MALVACE.
Hiniscus.
l. Hibiscus vestitus.

Arbuscula 20 pedalis formosa umbrosa. ^ Ramulis petiolis
pedunculisque pilis longissimis subpungent. fasciculat. his-
pidiss. fol. reniformi-orbicularia abrupte longeque acuminat.

basi 7-nerv. subintegra scaberrime, stipulis maximis mem-
branaceis, hispidiss. deciduis.
mis terminalibus axillaribusque paucifloris, slabacte!
bracteis binis oblongis membranaceis spathaceis obtect. flori-
maximis nutant. luteis fundo atro-sanguineo.

Invol. e foliolis 10 linearib. acuminat. intus subcarinat.
Cal. profunde 5-partit. basi fere usque, sepalis acutis 3-ner-
Vis,

n oo convoluto-infundibulif.

. Tubus stamin. a basi fere antherifer.

3n Signin 5 clavato capitat. atro-purpurea. P 5-locu-
uw polyovulat. ovulis biseriatis.

x Mergue. 1n sylvis Ins. Madamaca et Kullygyoon
Borfera rara, Feb, 1835.

599 MALVACES.

2. Hibiscus heterophylius, Gr.

Herbacea aculeis recurvis hispida, folia longe petiolatis
caulinis palmatim 5-lobis, lobis lanceolatis nervis aculeatis
ramulinis, cordatis vel caulinis similib. vel cordatis obsoleti
5, vel 3-lobis, multo minus acüleis asperis, stipulis magnis
longe ciliatis dimidiato-cordatis.

Involucri appendiculis lanceolatis e glandulosis 3-nervis,
parte continua lineari-subulata breviorib. calycibus hispi-
dissimis.

Has. Mergue. In ruderatis Plateour : Nov. 1834.

3. Hibiscus sanguineus, Gr.

Caulibus ramosis sanguineis? Parce pubescens.

Fol. longe petiolat. petiolis adultioribus sanguineis, junio-
rib. viridib. sanguineo colore maculatis tinctisque, fol. basi
subcordato, senior palmatim 4-5 loba, junior. 3-loba per
juniorem simplice, lobis lineari-lanceolatis serratis subglabris,
venis primariis purpurascent. nervo medio basin versus ae

uloso.

Stipulis foliaceis linearib. floribus axillarib. solitariis carneo-
ochroleuca, pet intra medium sanguineis pedicellis brevibus,
brunneo-sanguineis.

Invol. 10-phyllum foliolis lanceolatis carnosis rigidis sangui-

eis.

Cal. et 5-partit. extus hispidus laciniis ovato-
la : . 9-nerviis, nervis sanguineis, spatiis interjectis viri-

Stam per totum tubum sparse pallide sanguineum.

Stylus apice palmatim ? 5-fidus, stigmato 5-capitat. ovarium.
5-locule, loculis pluriovulat.

Has. Mergue. In aquosis. Ins. Kully Gewen : Oct. 1834.

Sepalor. nervus medius paulo infra medium glandulam ova-
tam longitud. sulcatam gerens, fol. adulta aliquando pnm
H. cannabinis affinis sed caulis non aculeat. involucra foliol
subglabra, et sepalis 3-nervia nec 1-nervia. !

DJ MINER VS ek REPE d

HIBISCUS. 521

4. Hibiscus abelmoschus.

. Hispidissima pilis pungentib. erecta foliis in petiolis longis
Supra canaliculatis, palmatim 5-lobis, lobis oblongo-lineari-
bus obtuse serratis, stipulis lineari-subulatis, floribus in race-

mis terminalibus plurifloris, maximis conspicuis, nutantis,
flavis, fundo atro purpureo.

Bractez vel folia mutati sessilia multifide. Invol. 8-
phyllum, fol. linearib. inzequal.

Calyx spathaceus hinc fissus.

Stam. numeros. per totam longit. tubi, stigmato 7-8 velu-

.. tina an plura aterrima purpurea.
.. Cor. campanulat, Ovar. extus piloso sericeum, 5-loculare,
loculis pluriovulatis, ovulis biseriatis.

Has. In humidis. Ins. Kully Gewen: Oct. 1834. Omnia
Hibisci, sed cal. hinc fissus.

5. Hibiscus hispidissimis, Gr.

. Caulibus erectis pilis pungentibus asperis, pilis albis, basi-
.. bus tumidis rubris.
|
:
:
:

e

| Fol. basi cordatis 5-lobis, lobis oblongis, dentatis stipulis
1 linearibus, floribus axillaribus pedicellis apicem versus articu-

avol: 10-phyllum, lamina interiora limbum oe
inter se subconniventes.
Cal. 5. partit. laciniis 3-nerviis, corollam expansam non vidi.
Ovarium 5-loculare, loculis pluri ovulat.
Han. Mergue. Ad littoram Ins. Kully Gewen, inter gra-
mina: Oct. 1834.
Tota planta limbo foliorum involucraque excepto pilis supra
iptis, aspera pungensque.
Folia diversiformia, interdum Grossularize referentia.

| 6. Hibisci sp. Sect. Furcaria

Herbacea erecta, 5-6 pedalis, caulibus teretibus (alter-
atin linea pilosa,) parce aculeatis, folüs longe petiolatis
Q3

4.

522 MALVACES.

petiolis aculeatis pubescent. palmatim 5-partitis, junioribus
3-partis, lanceolatis, grosse serratis, acutis, marginibus ru-
bris lobis lateralibus subbilobis, floribus axillaribus solitariis
maximis formosus citrinis, tubo sanguineo, subodoratis.

Stipulis linearibus. Involucr. polyphyllum, foliolis, lineari- |

bus, acutis, intus ad apicem processum subulatum gerenti-
bus. -

Cal. 5-partitis laciniis acuminatis, 10-nerviis.

Cor. campanulata, petalis ad basin fere discretis obovatis
crenato-sinuatis, nervosis,

"Tubus stamineus lj uncialis carnosus, ruber, glandulo-
&0-pubescens, filam. libera facto breve subulata sepius

-verticillata et 2 ex eadem puncto. Anth. reniformes bilo-

cular. Pollen hispidum globosum. Stylus filiformis longitud.
tubi stamin. Stigmata 5-capitata velvety atro-purpurea.
Ovarium 5-locular, piloso-sericeum loculis polysperma.
Caule herbaceo petiolisque aculeis curvatis, scabris, sti-
pulis linearibus, foliis palmatis 5-lobis, junior 3-lobis, bi-
locellis brevibus involucell.
` Culta circa Mergue: Sep. 1834.

: URENA.
Urena lobata,

Herba ramosa erecta, scabriuscula, ramulis teretibus. Fo-
lia longe petiolata, late cordata, 3-5 lobata, grosse dentata,

B ovra sinubus latis, 7-nervia, utrinque villosa subtus l-

an

Pon rosacei terminalis in ramis lateralibus parvis foliosis.

Cal. et involucr. foliola Wig oce ia

Stam. deorsum spectant

Ovarium pilis cellulosis bispid. demum muricatum. Stylus
apice 10 radiatus; radio quoque stigmato capitato papilloso
terminato.
. Frequentur in + yl apricis et ad vias Amherst
Moulmein : Dec. 1834,

TEN Se ee ae ESL NAI Os

523 |
zn | Sipa.
Side sp.
Herba erecta. 3-pedalis, caules flexuosi glabri paululum
pressi.

. Fol cordata profunde 3-loba, lobis acatis, centrali majore,

juniora subintegra. 5-nervia subcrenata scabra petiolata.
Pili breves fasciculati. Glandula cava ad basin cujusque
fol. in nervum medium sita.

Flores subcorymbosi conspicui lutei, intus ad bases san-
guinei, Corymbi terminales, Involuc. sub 0, l-phyllum,
dentibus 9-6, setaceis.

Cal. campanulat. 5-dentat. sinubus latis, dentib. subula-
tis,

l.p ERU

Cor. marcescens. Anth. reniformes l-locul. Pollen hispi-
dum. Stigufa clavat. sulcat. Carpella szpius 4, glabra, polys-
perma.

Has. In ise et ad vias Moulmein: Dec. 1833.

PaRITIUM.

. Paritium tiliaceum.

Frutex vel arbuscula, fol. longiuscule petiolatis cordato-re-
niformibus brevissime acuminatis coriaceis, subtus pube
adpresse albidis, venatione aggregatis, floribus racemosis
majusculis citrinis fundo sanguineo.

: Racemis paucifloris axillaribus terminalibusque. Bracteis
ovatis membranaceis, pallide purpurascente.

. Involuero persistente 1-phyll. 10-&idum.

Cal. profunde 5- partit. Stigmata 5 hispida.

Ovar. 5-loculare, loculis pluriovulatis. Cor. convoluto cam-
anulata. Pollen hispidissimum. —

Has. Ad littor. Ins Madam. cum Rhizophoreis, Mergue :

524
STERCULIACEA.
Hereropyxis.

Heteropyzis, Pl. DXCIV.

Arbor parva: ramulis partibusque novellis, alabastris

dense furfuraceosque armatis. ;
Stipulis caducis linearibus pedicellis excedent,
Fol. alterna brevi-petiolata ovata, vel oblonga, vel obovato-

lanceolata obtuse et mediocriter cuspidata integra, subtus -

ad venas et parce per paginam totam squamis peltatis ci-
latis. - ^.

Floribus solitariis in axillis foliorum lapsorum deorsum
deflexa ideoque (secundi ramos.) ;

Pedicelli petiolis paullo brevior angulata e bracteati.

Alabastra initio involucro omnino tecta. Involuc. valva-
tum diphyllum: dentus persistentes, per anthesin basi
reflexa patens. — '

Cal. inito tubum obl conicum efformans apice 4-valvis,

igum Į
valvis demum per totám longitudine secedent. reflexo-revolutis
intus pubescent.

Pet. plura sepuis ut videtur tria, interdum 4, in sinubus
cujusque sepala, lineari-spathulata angustissima, si 3, latera-
lia minora, vena centrali predita, et quasi pellucido-glandu-
losa, zstiv. erecta.

Stam. 00, extima breviora castrata, intima majora com
pleta subnovem seriebus intermed. grad, evolutionis com
pletum cestendentibus. Filam. ima basin subcoalita subulata,
]-venia,

Connectivum peltatum affixum, vasis tot quot pyxidulis
evasi centali radiant.

Anth. e pyxidis 1-7, sepius incompletis intimis 4-5-7,

erectis e connectivo peltata, omnino discretis, apice P%

centrali dehiscent, dente et minuto pubescent. im-
Pollen globosum, 3-4, plicatum ? The outer coat os
mersion appears to contract between the spaces or lines a% $

LÀ

xe TEMPOS coa o LGEMOEO S Eres PER Ry a lk ee 772r
AR ép E Mo) SR Mees D E EE LE AT ce Ge ae atthe Loc amr i uc du amare tes EIE CE

15, nh. of one placentæ in situ.

HETEROPYXIS. . 525

which the inner coat is exposed, and this without any increase
of size.
Ovarium sessile oblongum, squamis longe pedicilat, pel.

tatis pulchre fimbriatis omnino tect. 3-loculare, loculis 3-4

ovulatis; ovula si 4, per paria subcollat. si 3, par inferum

‘Impar superum ascendentia, anatropa. Stylus longitudine
` Staminum intimorum perfectiorum, sub ges ox stigma

terminal. obscure 3-sulcatum. i
Branch flowering, nat. size.

l. Flower-bud just opening.

2. Flower-bud opened forcibly. ee
3. Flower, seen posteriorly.
4. In front, the genitalia removed to shew the petals and

their common situation.
5a, Central petal.
6 6, 6, 6, 6. Various outermost effete stamens.
6a, a 1-Pyxidate stamen.
64, a 2-ditto.
6c, a 4-ditto. 6c, also back view of the same.
64, a 5-ditto.
6e,a 6-ditto. bifurcate.

Gf, an 8-ditto. also composite shews the furrow and dis-

position of the pyxide.
69,46 ditto. under pressure shewing its vascular fas-
cicles,
7. Section, long of anther,
7a. Cells of endothecum.
8. Pollen in water.
. 9. Ditto acted on by water.
10. Pistillum.

.. 1l. one of the scales.
. 12, Transverse section of ovary.
43. Soagitad. ditto, ditto, E
M. Ovule.

526 STERCULIACE.

16, Long section of ovule, anatropous with two tegments
and a À complete raphe.

The fruit, like the flowers, seems to be rare at this season
(October) at least; it is ob-obovate clavate, surrounded :
at the base by the withered calyx corolla and stamens, .
and is densely armed with conico-subulate, acute thorns,

I have only seen small ones, the largest judging from .
fragments would seen to be at least as large as a hen’s egg.

Trilocular, by abortion of 1 cell, sometimes empty. Cells
l-seeded ! Seeds oblong, cylindrical or flattened a little
on the inner face, erecto-appense attached by a largish lon-
gitudinal hilum to near the base of the cell, at this place
the abortive ovule will be found. Arillus vascular very in-
complete ; margin irregular.

Raphe etc indistinct. The young albumen is so plentiful as to
make me think that some will be found in the seed.

Cotyledons foliaceous, (radicle inferior) broad diameter
parallel to the axis of the fruit.

Has. Malacca. In sylvis densis vie Ayer Punnus et Rhim;
also here and there in the forests about Ching.

Cua. Flores ochroleuco-albidi, aspectu elegantes, specimen
desiccata cano albida, vivent. foliis supra atro-viridibus.

Antherz si plura pyxidibus quam sex, e duobus stamin-
coalitis conflat. testatur filament interdum apice bifurcum :
the increased size of the filament, and its venation.

Oss, It may appear paradoxical to associate with Bomba-
cee, a plant which has a plurality of petals, not ever
being always multiples of the calyx, discrete stamina, an
stamens either sterile, or with from 1 to 8-pyxidal anther-
cells, each opening by a pore at the apex. d

But great as the dissimilarities appear to be, they —
to exist upon examination. :

In the last edition (2nd) of Lindley’s Introd. to Nat. Orders
Bombacez are included in Sterculiacez, one of which dis-

tinctions is 2-celled anthers, and in the enumeration of Uf.
more prominent marks ofthe tube. — ^

2

HETEROPYXIS. | 527

. Bombace are said to have a calyx with a ruptile de-
hiscence.

The first statement is an obvious error, the second will
exclude Durio from the family.

There is however an objection presented by the venation
of the filament which may be of some weight. I allude
. toits having only a single vascular fascicle when present-

ing no traces of composition, such as furrow, or division.

This having two fascicles, when it does present such, I con-
_ Sider it to intimate that the union has been secondary, each
- fascicle representing that of one phalanx.
The fact of the coalition of the stamens taking place at all,
ud leads me to doubt whether, whenever there is more than one
. Pyxide, the anther is not composite. For the radiation of
the vessel towards the pyxid is contrary to the usual ve-
nation of anthers, and it would be consonant with the struc-
ture of the family both as regards unilocularity of the an-
s ther, and composition of certain of these.

— There is nothing it appears to me in the petals, when
More than one in number, beyond the deminished size of
the lateral ones, to indicate, that the plurality arises from
Xcessive and complete division of one lamina, but even.
“us structure may be considered reducible to that of the
family, the petals of which have many basilar veins, or se-
Veral primary vascular fascicles.

The composition of the interior stamina is further pointed
by the corresponding increase in size, as we proceed
vards the centre.
From some appearances of part of the pollen when the
Case is freed entirely from its contents, it is not improbable
that its development is gradual, as has been observed by
Brown in certain Aroidez, with not I believe, a very dis-
ilar dehiscence of the anthers.
It is to be remembered too, that the radiation of the vessels
he connective is scarcely discernible in old specimens, at
I find it in macerated specimens.

528 STERCULIACEA,

That the petals are subjected to a process, the opposite of
that which affects the stamens is probable, from the lateral
ones being occasionally lobed, and from each series present-
ing that gradual diminution of the size of the veins from
the centre towards each side, that characterises the petals of
Malvaceze and Cucurbitacee. The lateral ones also occa-
sionally present oblique venation or such as 2 veins which is
to a considerable degree incompatible with independent sim-
ple organs, and certainly would be in this case anomalous;
for all the petals being single and independent, should hare
similarly organised vascular supplies, this also becomes pro-
bable from their situation, for independent petals could not be
so disposed without a greater anomaly than the complete divi-
sion of ordinarily entire bodies.

It appears to me not improbable, that this plant will
lend some confirmation to the separation of Bombacine
from Malvacez: the composition or enlargement of the
Stamens towards the centre being remarkable, and the
reverse of what might a priori be expected. -

It will also turn out, perhaps, that the genera with
fractuose anthers have highly compound ones, and such 4
form is very likely to arise from the cohesion of a num-
ber of pyxidate anthers.

Malacca, 1842.

DURIO.

1. Durio zibethinus, Pl. DXCVI.

Involucro diphyllo zstiv. valvato, foliol. concavis, coriaceis
e basi subdeflexa: ascendentia erecta.

Cal. basi insigniter depressus intus in annulam ampliat +
tubo magno, breviusculo rotundato 6-gono: his sepalis
dorsorum (4 down,) 5-partit. laciniis errectis, apicibus
patentibus, estivat. valvata.

i Cor. magna e petalis 5, late obovatis, convolute, when
freed from the calyx, spreading, but still concave. Pet. 82-

qe RUNE ROS" ee ee ee WERE

DURIO. 529

guiculate, ungue crasso extrorsum, concavo. Phalangis tot
quot pet. his opposita, eodem modo extrorsum concava, 8-10
filamentosa, filam lateral minoribus et breviorib. versus cen-
trum gradatim ampliatis.

Anth. externae 3-lobze, lobis subreniform basi lata confluen-
tis et filamento peltatem affixa, loculis very shallow occu-
pying convex edge of the lobes.

Connectivum papillosum, if of 3 stamina, there is only 1
vase, fasc. to the filament which is radiately lobed above, con-
nective if of more, the central ones which consist of as many as
9, have 3 vasc. fasc. to the filament and 3 empty alternate
spaces, but these lacunze have no such arrangement in the un-

.. guis of the phalanx. :
- There, the outer ones are generally opposite the outer vasc.
fasc., the others being few, or none in definite order.

Gradation of vessels of phalanx 1-2-3-21-2.1.

Each sepal has at its base, and its inflexed portion, a large
Yellow secreting surface, occupying the whole of that part of
the surface,

There is great conformity between a transverse section of

_ the claw of the patal and the base of the phalanx, and in the
d former the central vein is obsolete, whence an argument in
E. favour of the composition of the Petals.
- Stam. 5-adelpha, in torum conoidem inserta, phalanx pe-

2 tal opposita 9,
Pollen globosum paris 3-5? or plica 1?

is Ovar, sessile in apicem tori ; conoidem oblong. 5-loculare,
: p ws Squamis peltatis breve pedicillatis, his pedicellis in fruct.
. *üplexicantur et murices fiunt, peltis deciduis, loculis 5, ovula
Plura 5-7 sub biseriatim ascendentia, anatropa, foram. hilum
ope in latus extern. ovul. Stylus crassus subcylind.
Jéscens, longit. phalangium. Stigma capitat. luteum

gs cat.
Lacunæ mucilag. in stylum et ovarium.

A voluc. with no external marks of composite alabast. Calyx
apice valvata 5-sulcata, anthophore now very short.

: R3

530 STERCULIACES.

Petals convolute unguis distant.

Its close affinity with Heteropyxis is now manifest, the
points of difference are the tubular calyx, the undivided pe-
tals all the filaments autheriferous, and 5-phalageal anthers
with a marginal cell dehiscing longitudinally, and 5-celled
ova °

The direction of development is precisely the same as
indicated by the smallest lateral anthers of each phalanx, and
the largest and longest towards the centre, and the concavi-
ty of the base of the phalanx shews that the former are ex-
ternal as regards the axis, the latter, internal.

In both, the filaments only have l vasc. fasc. up to a cer-
tain amount of composition, they then have two or three.

The larger stature of the inner stamens which certainly is
opposed to what might be expected, is characteristic also of
Malvacee, but none of the plants of that family have such a
tendency to composition of stamens, and it becomes worthy
of enquiry whether the tubus staminifer of Malvacez is due
to cohesion of the filaments below, or whether it is the basis
from which they spring.

Keenig’s description and figure are not altogether correct,
though he gives materials for a more correct, generic defini-
tion than has found its way into DeCand?s Prodromus, the
differences which affect the degree of solution of the involucel,
the base of the calyx, its distance from the insertion of the
involucra, the size of the filaments and style, and their degree
of stiffness, may originate from the extensive cultivation to
which this species has been subjected.

Konig has not understood the structure of the anthers,
these he describes as mesenteriform.

DeCand.’s definition contains two remarkable errors, Onè
the calyx is naked, the other, petals smaller than the calyx.

. A transverse section shews the nectaria to consist of hori-
zontally attached bed of papillæ.

: Has. Singapore. It is the Dorian of the Straits the odor
is that of new milk, Malacca: 1842.

.*

DURIO. 531

The same Durio zibethinus from Mergue.

Inflorescentia racemosa, racemis e ramis ortis verticaliter
pendulis, furfuraceo-squamatis, squamis peltatis incisis, e
cellulis radiata dispositis.

Pedicelli 2 unciales basi articulati clavato-cylindrici. In-
volucrum 1-phyllum integerrime, demum longitudinaliter;et ir-
regulariter rumpens, deciduum, squamatum, infra calycem
paulo.

Calyx gamosepalus basi dilatatus ampliatus rotundatus-
que, 5-6 fidus, laciniis ovatis subacutis, erectis zestivatione
valvatis coriaceus argenteo-squamatus.

Pet. 5-6 longe unguiculata, limbo patente obovata. albido
ochroleuco,

i Stam. polyadelpha, adelphis primariis 5, medium infra divi-
85, petalis oppositis partialibus inzequalibus antheras paucas
in capitulis subsessilibus gerente. Connectivum maximum
Carnosum,

- Anth. I-loculares longit. dehiscent. marginibus ciliato-laci-
niatas Pollen globosum, leve. Stylus longissimus basi in-
crassatus supra basin demum deciduus, pubescens, pubescentia
Composite, stigma magna aurantiaceum capitat.

Ovarium densissime pulcherrimeque squamatum, squame
4-5 lobi, 5-locularis, loculis. pluriovulatis, ovulis ascenden-
tibus foramen hilum prope, tegumentum distinctiss. funi-
culus brevis, carnosa, crassa, foramen loculi fundum versus
Spectat. Pl. DXCVI. Fig. II.a connectivum.

AB. Circa Mergue cult. ob fructu. Tavoy copiosissima.

Floret : Jan. 1835.

Odor. florem subsuavis.

2. Durio Oxleyanus, Gr. l

© Arbor habitu D. zibethini, ast inflorescentia magis e ra-
mulis quam e rami. :

Folia oblonga, breviter et obtuse cuspidata, coriacea,
Seniora subtus pubescentia.
acemi subcymiformes pauciflori.

532 STERCULIACE2.

Involucr. diphyllum foliolis patente reflexis concavis.
yx subspherica? urceolatus, uti involucra conspicue
squamosus, 5-fidus, dentibus erectis.

Petal calycem paullo superant. spathulato-obovata, erecta
dorso pubescentia.

Stam. irregulariter sub 4-adelpha, petalorum longitudine
vix exserta, pauca. Filamenta ad medium vix coalita.

Anthere simplices, consisting of a truncated columnar
connectiv. round the margin of the apex and base of which is
an entire rim of anther cell.

Ovar. rotundum processubus compositis diversis in pedi.
celis robustis, apice stellatim pilosis 5-loculare. Stylus
columnaris villosus longitudine staminum. Stigma des-
coid subtrigona. Fructus D. zibethina.

Has. Malacca, Doorianua Dahown of the Malays. A
very distinct species of Durio, cultivated by the natives.
This, which I first saw in a collection presented by Dr.
Oxley to Mr. Voigt, I have called D. Oxleyanus, in com-
memoration of Mr. Oxley who has passed many years in the
straits provinces and paid a good deal of attention to their
vegetation.

Malacca: Oct. 1842. 2

A. D. Zibeth. differt foliis, forma urceolata calyces, petalis
parvis erectis, staminibus paucis, brevibus antheraram wem
turam, ovario extus lamellosa, lamellis stellato-piligeri$»
Squamuligeris, stylo brevi.

HRiTIERA.

Heritiera littoralis, Gr.

Arbor humilis foliis obovatis obtusis, coriaceis, dee e
subargenteo-lepidotis, stipulis caducis, paniculis terminalib.
extra axillaribusque ferrugineo-velutinis, floribus inconspicuis
parvis extus pallide ferrugineis, intus sanguineis.

- Campanulatum extus ferrugineo-velutinum 4-dentat.

dentibus erectis intus pilosis.

ERIODENDRON. 533

Stam. monadelph in tubum? conica basi valde ampliata
papillosa coalita, tubo stellati pubescente ultra antheres breve
producto. Anth. 8 adnatz, 1-loculares longit. dehiscentes an
4-2 locülares.

AM. Per. ut in mare. Rud. stam. 5 corpore linearia
| Cariosa apicibus emarginata.
4 Style brevis. Stigmata obtuse. Carpella 4, 1-locular endo-
carpio pubescente l-ovulat. ovulo ascendente, 1-2-3 demum
Sepe abortientia.

Carpella matura radiantia, foliacea, ventre triangularia
orso convexa margine foliacio brevi repanda nervo medio
infra apicem dorsi e liguliformem processum foliaceum ex-
panso.

Testa seminis immatura quam maxima fungosa.

Semen angulo interior affixo, hilo linearis longo, exostom.
super. hilum proximo Pl. DLXXXV, A. Fig. III. a exostom.

icula supera! brevissim.

Has. Ad littoram, Ins. Madamaca inter Rhizophoreas :
March, 1834.

ERIODENDRON.

— Eriodendron anfractuosum.

'. Arbuscula (junior) cortice viridi ramis cum trunco stricte
Téctangulis, verticillat. fol.—?
Floribus ante fol. vel in ramos nudos racemosa, racemis
: E paucifloris. Pedicellis pedunculo 4-plo longiorib.
teola

Cal. Batter. subeequaliter 5-dentat. dentium marginib.
| Sphacelat, erectis, intus medium infra sericio-pilosa.
Pet. 5, lanceolata, basibus tubo stamineo accretis, cum

is, lanceolato-gbovatis. snripeity æstivatione contorta.
a anarotig filam. longe

ou

filiform. Anth, medio sion die. copnectiv. album, locu-
p stris, 1-loculares.

534 ELATINACE,

Stylus filiformibus parte tubo stamineo inclusu tenuissima,
parte exsert. crassa. Stigmato 5 quarum 1-solitar. minus, 2-
alis majoribus emarginatis e 2-connatis format.

Ovar. 5-loculare, axis abortive, e carpellis 5 verticillatis,
00 ovulatis, ovulis angulis intrant transverse affixis, foram.
hilum prope.

Culta, circa Mergue: Dec. 1834.

An vere adelphi exantheris 3-4 adnatis ?

Kypia.

Kydia jujubifolia, Gr. Pl. DXCV. Itinerary Notes, p. 108,
no. 120.
Has. Bootan.

ELATINACE.
ANISADENIA.

1, Anisadenia Khasyana, Gr. Pl. DXCIII. Fig. I.

Calyx (fructus sepalus) sepalis imbricatis, lanceolatis scario-
so-chartaceis venoso-strictis, 2 exterioribus inter medium et
apices utrinque glandulis 3-capitatis longe pedicellatis ciliatis
intermedio secus marginem externum eodem numero glandu-

laris longitudinaliter stipato, 2 intimis magis membranaceis

e glandulosis, subeveniis.

The 3 exterior veins terminate in the glands! or at least at
their origin. The intermediate sepal has only conspicuous
veins on the glandular sides! the inner half resembling the
two inner sepals,

Corolla nulla. :

Stam? monadelpha, alte connata in membranam persis-
tentem capsulam amplei tentem 10-partitum, laciniis plano
subulatis alternis majoribus, axi vasculosa donatis, alternis
setaceis evasculosis. :
. Capsula oblonga, apice stylos 3, basibus exceptis marcesentis
coronata, abortione l-locularis, I-sperma, membranacea levi-

POLYGALA. 535

ter sex-striata, indehiscens? 3-locularis, loculis uniovu-
latis.

The remains of a placenta, and two other cells each con-
taining a single pendulous ovula, may be found towards | the
apex of the fruit.

3 Semen unicum, pendulum, magnum, exalbuminos. Testa
membranacea tenuissima, raphe in linearib. nec clavata, cha-
laza inconspicua macula parva brunnea.

Tegumentum interius crassum, carnosum albumen mentiens.

Embryo inversus, viridis. Radicula supera brevis conica
hilum prope.

Cotyledones plano-convexiuscule, carnose, acumbentibus
vel faciebus veris seminis opposite. Plumula inconspicua.

Has. Legi fructifera tantum in rupibus calcareis inter Mam-
loo et Churra Pungee Collum Khasyensium : Oct. 27/A, 1835.
Itinerary Notes, p. 38. no. 623.

a Seed viewed on its raphal face, b capsule, c seed, d
abortive ovule, e long section of seed, f Embryo, g one
cotyledon removed, A fruit, i ditto, 7 apex of a cell of the
Capsule, k apex of capsula, / capsula and column of stamens,
m portion of staminal column, n one of the innermost
Sepals, o portion of outer coat with raphe, p intermediate
Sepal,

2. Anisadenia pubescens, Gr. Pl. DXCIII. Fig. II. Itinerary

Notes, p. 54, no, 833.
POLYGALACEÆ.
PoLyGALa.

l. Polygala arrillata, Gr.

Frutex 6-8 pedalis, fol. oblongo-lanceolata acuminatis
. Tepandis deorsum curvatis.

- Racemis nutantil Itidoris. Sepalo postico quam maxime
gibbosa, quasi galeato, aurantiaceus. Ale oblongæ, dimid. su-
perum, coloris sepali ,postico-inferum luteum. Carina lutea
crista fusco-lutea,

B

0b . POLYGALACE.E.

Stam. 8, cupula hypogyna ovarii basin cingit. Capsula
obcordato-reniformis, marginata carnosa, purpurea, bilo-
cularis, bivalvis.

Semen 1 cuique loculo, pendulum, arilla maxime cupulata
superne fissa aurantiacea semen dimidio exsertum, globosum
membrana duplex. Radicula brevissime supera. Cotyledones
carnose plano-convexa accumbentes.

Has. In humidis Cherra Poonjee : Oct. 11th, 1835.

2. Polygale sp. Pl. DXCVII. Itinerary Notes, p. 170, no.
867. (The anatomy only.)
1. Alabastrum. |
2. Flower. :
3. Do. one of the ale removed, 4 shews the insertion of
.. one of the upper petals.
. 4. Flower laid open longitudinally, ale and posterior sepal
removed.
5. Carina and petals, or rather corolla, sepals removed.
6. Alternation of parts. 6a. Portion of the middle lobe of
the carina or crest, some of the partial processes have no
vessels.
7. Stamina. :
8. Pollen in the dry state. 8a. Do. in water.
9. Pistillum.
10. Ovary long section of, wall of one cell cut away-
ll. Apex of style shewing the two stigmata.
12. Stigma from a young bud, 12. Some more advanced.
13. Ovulum.
14. Long section of pistilla, shewing the mode of fecunda-
tion, one ovulum displaced, remains attached by the

"d
P d

oyau.
15. Pollen with their boyaux.
16. Ovulum with a mass of boyaux.
2 l7. Long section of the ovulum shewing that the boyau
reaches the nucleus, 17a. Do. 175. Apex of the nucleus,

a XANTHOPHYLLUM. 537
18, 18a. Ovule more advanced. 185. Same longit. section.
19. Ovule more advanced. 19a. Longit section through

E secundine and nucleus. 195. Younis embryo.

1 20. Very young ovulum. `

E 3. Polygale sp. Pl. DXCVII. Plant nat. size (not the
E anatomy.)
Caule basi subterete czeterum angulato virid. axes inflores-
centia trigone.
` Calyx viridescens, ale rosaceze demum albidae fusco-venosa.
Bractem ternze cuique alabast. fuscz caduce, flores ante
anthesin cernui.
Has. Burmah. In campis elevatis Carmein versus. Delvi ad
Carmein : April 2nd, 1837.

XANTHOPHYLLUM.
Xanthophyllum eglandulosum, Gr. Pl. DXCVIII. Fig. IV.

Arbor humilis, fol. exstipulatis oblongis coriaceis integris,
acuminatis. Paniculis axillaribus terminalibusque. Pedicel-
is basi 3-bracteatis, sepalis irregularibus, 5to postico, Pet.
alba demum luteo-fuscescentia.

Cor, 5-petala. Pet. 4 spathulata 2 superiore macula
.. üürantiacea 5to (vexilla ?) carinzeformi.

tam, 2 obtegente, villoso pubescente, late obovato
marginato, stam. 8 libera, 6 petalis opposita adnataque, 4
nempe petalis, 4 superiorib. 2 petalo antico, 2 sepalis lateral
9pposit. Filam. complanato subulato pubescent. Anth. erecte
- Pubescent, bilocul. longit. dehiscent.

iscus perigynus sublobatus inter stamen ovariumque.

ar. subglobosum, breve stipulat. stipite libero. '

E subulat. pilosus stigma capitat. l-loculare, ovulis
"tib. placenta 2 lateralibus sinistrorsis dextrorsisque affixis
foramen hilum prope conspicuum.

Han, In sylvis Mergue: March, 1835.

83

.

538. : POLYGALACEA.

1. Salomonia parasitica, Gr.

Herba pallide brunnea, 2-8 uncialis simplex ramosave.
Fol. 0, sed squame lanceolate alterne pallide brunnee.
Racemis densifloris spiczeformibus terminalibus floribus minu-
tis albidis.

Cal. inferus, 5-sepalus, sepalis subeequalibus ovato-oblongis
oblongisve apicibus breviter ciliatis.

Cor. 3-petala, pet. 2 lateralibus oblongis, acutis 1-nerviis ;
infra medium tuboque stamineo adnatis, Pet. intermed, anti-
cum naviculare cucullat. nervo l centrali genitalia fovens.

Stam. 5 monadelpha hypogyna, filamenta unita in tu-
bum, petalis adnata stylum amplectent. convoluta libera
facta brevessima. Anth. terminales ovate 1-loculares, in-
trorse, longit. dehiscent. Pollen magnum parcum ovatum.

Stylus filiformis, tubo stamine paulo longior. Stigma cap-
tatum. Ovarium biloculare. Glandula hypogyna brunnea
hanc ovarium mies y :

Ovar. bobeordat loculis l-ovulatis, ovulis
pendulis calyce tecta.

Capsula reniformis nuda nec cristato 9-locularis, loculis
l-spermis, sem. pendula testa atra. Embryo minutus cel-
lulosus, radicula brevi subobtusa, Hilo obscure, plumula in-
conspicua; albumen carnosum.

The radicle looks towards the apex of the ovarium, it
is not turned towards the hilum. Pl. DXCVIII. Fig. V.

Has. Mergue. In bambusaceis, Palar: Oct. 1834.

Parasitica ad pedes Bambusarum inter decayed wood
frequentius.

2. Salomonie sp.
Herba erecta pubescens, 2-4 uncialis ramosa, caule racemis-
que obscure angulatis foliis late ovatis mucronato-apiculatis

in petiol. 4 i unciali d tih attennatic , rugosulis ciliatis.

Racemis pesante floribus ntinutis lete rubris pee

*

ET. 539
i SALOMONIA.

Sepalis ovatis unico majore emarginata.

Alæ oblongo-obovatæ concavæ.

Carinze lobi laterales rosacei medio aureo.

E Auth. 7 an semper.

— Capsula suborbicularis, compressa e EH ,
Has. Khasyah Mounts. Moflong Downs: Nov. 7th, 1835.

3. Salomonia sp.

Erecta ramosa caule 3-alato, foliis breviter petiolatis cor-
datis mucronatis repandis 5-nerviis, spicis terminalibus multi-
floris capsulis cristata dentata, dentibus 2 gee a

Cal. 5-sep. sepal. ascendent.

i or. gamopet. irregularis seperne fissa, 3-loba, lobis

3 libu, oblongis intus pilosis, intermedio cucullato,

T genitalia obtegente utrinque denticulato, dente carnosa.

— Filam. dun e basin lobi medii corolle. Anth. sessiles
os , 6, Lloculi.

,, Ovarium biloculare, loculis l-ovulatis, ovulis erectis.
us subclavatus basin contortus. Stigma capitatum,

an. In humidis arenosis Mergue.

4. Salomonia angulata, Gr. Pl. DLXXXV. A. Fig. XVI.

.. Herba pusilla, spithamea. Caulis ramosus 3-angulatis, sul-

catis, Folia pauca, alterna, ovata, subsessilia, integra eum

muerone glabra inferiora fere squamiformia, ces” spicati,

minute purpuriæ apicæ multifloræ, terminales angulatæ. |

: Sal. profunde 5-partit. sepalis linearibus acutis, ascendenti-

SAN E ees

2 Cor. g gamopet, irregularis 3-loba, lobis lateralibus minorib.
gis, — gd medio 'obtusissimo, caleeolariformi Jes

m. creed dp 4 ovate, 1-loculares, vel 2, bilo-

| Filamenta in tubum stylum amplectentem cota.
iwa biloeul. margine cristato-dentatis, loculis l-

pi stylus basi carvatus filiformis.

e

540 ÆSCULACEÆ.

Stigma subcapitat. Pericarpium margine utrinque cristato-
dentatum 2-spermum 2-loculare. Semina ovata, pendula.
Arillus. 0, albumen carnosum. Cotyledones plani. Plumula
inconspicua. Radicula ad hilum versa.

Has. In palude prope Moulmein: Dec. 1833.

An nova sp. Salomonia angulata. Glabra erecta ramosa,
caule ramisque angulatis sulcatis foliis ovatis, subsessilib.
mucronatis, capsulis margine cristato-dentatis.

JESCULACEJ.

JEscuLvus.

4Esculus assamicus, Gr.

Arbor humilis formosa, umbrosa, cortex ramulorum læ-
viuscula grisea, tereticellis hinc illinc exasperula. *

Folia opposita vel subopposita in ramis articulatim septena-
tim palmatim composita. Petiolis commune spithauwei, vel
ultra utrinque incrassata teretiuscula,

Foliola breviter petiolulatim in apicem petioli articulata
oblongo-lanceolata interdum oblongo-obovata cuspidato-acu-
minata obtusa, irregulariter serrata glabra subcoriacea
pulcherrime lucido rubro-punctata; v. secondarie cons-
picue arcuate, sed non immediate confluentes, interveniis
reticulatis. Racemi terminales paniculatum pedalis vel fere
bipedales oblongo-conici, erecti inflorescente — centripet.
Flores parvi.

Cal. tubulos apice 5-dentatus dentibus rotundatis erectis
æstivatione imbricatis erectis.

Pet. 4 (antico deficiente) unguiculata, limbis rotundatis
repandis albis 2 posticis ungues versus aurantiaceo-tinctis ;
in corollam basi tubulosa irregularia subascendentim disposita.

Stam. 7 hypogyna. Filam. subulata longe declinata. Anth.
versatiles bilocul. longit. dehiscent. Connectivo lineare 427
guste, ci loculos breviter product, ` .

*

» i HIPPOCASTANEÆ. 541

Torus antica deficiens carnosus inter petala et stamina
Situs,

Ovar. pubescens, cylindracea, 4-angulata, 4-loculare,
(vix semper obfructus semper 3 valvat.) stylus conicus brevis-
simus, stigma simplex ovula pendula apices loculorum versus
sita, in loculis solitaria ? tegmentis interioris apicem mammil-
liform longiuscule exserta.

Fructus oblongo-ovatus interdum obovatus, magnitude vari-
us (the size of a duck’s egg) cernus, pedunculus crassus sub-

Extus saturate ferrugineis verrucis caducis crebris vestito,
apice mammillatis, 3-valvis coriaceis, intus celluloso-spon-
giosis, szepe fili plures intus ad sunt hinc illinc, tactu saponacea
. . Ovula abortive serentes.

Semen maxim. fructus cavitata exacte replens, extus tactu
SAponacea,. Testa cinerea, levis, (hilum oblongo-lineare ma-
deg Ximum saturatum castaneo-brunneum, lucidium), crassa, intus
| A brunnea, ligneo coriacea intus membrana tenuiscula castaneo-
. . brunnea adherente vestita.

.. . Cotyledones sem. exacte replens, in unicum connat. teg-
.. Menti adnate. — Radicula omnino externa, inter canalem
1l cotyledonum recepta, curvata magna, apice hili basin angus-
> tatæ respondente, tegmento non adherent.

. Plumula inconspicua.

Has. In regione assamica alta in humidis habitat. Vul-
gatim occurrit ad ripas rivuli Monmoo Negrogam prope.

= Foliolis septenalis lanceolatis oblonga irregulariter serratis,
. Staminibus declinatis corolla 4-petala longioribus, fructibus
Odlongis, ferrugineis verrucosis.

HiPPOCASTANEZE.

- Hippocastanee sp. Í

Flores racemosi parvi vex conspicui. Racemi in panicula
m vel ultra erectam a basi ad apicem florentum conicam

vd, *

lignosus, obsolete squamatus terminalis, 4 loculares, l-sperma. -

kd

542 . SAPINDACE®. å

Cal. tubulosus, apice 5-dentatus dentibus rotundatis æsti-
vatione imbricatis erectis.

Pet. 4, hypogyna sepalis alternantia, corolla basi tubulosa,
irregularem subascendentem disposita, unguiculata antico
deficienta, limbo rotundato repando alba, 2, postica præsertim
ungues versus, aurantiaceo-tincta.

Stam. 7 hypogyna, filam. subulata longa declinata alba.
Antherze versatiles biloculares, longitud. dehiscentes connecti-
vum lineare angustum ultra loculos in processum brevem.
obtusum product.

Torus postice developed crassus carnosus antice deficiens
inter stamina petalaque.

Ovarium pubescens aspectu cylindraceum 4- angulatum,
3-linearum longitud. | Stylus conicus brevissimis. Stigma
simplexi 4-loculare in septis cruciatis.

Ovula pendula, apicem loculorum versus sita, ovarii situs
ovulifer decoloratus brunneo-pallidissime tinctus, l cuique
loculo, unico tantum fecundato, orthotropa, apice secundinii
celluloso mammillato longiuscule exsertum.

Arbor mediocris formosa. Fol. pulcherrime lucida, juniora
rubro-tincta, palmata obovata serrata. Panicule erecto
conice. Pl. DLXXXII. Fig. 3.

Has. Upper Assam. Legi primum apud. Selani Mookh:

. 1885, vulgatim occurrit secus ripas rivulorum humi-
dorumque. Suddyum circa presertim fluminis Manmoo.

SAPINDACEA. '
, CARDIOPTERIS.

Cardiopteris hamulosa, Pl. .DXCVIII. Figs. I. H. Ul.

Flores polygami. Hermaph. sepala 5, basibus coalita
ovata xr inciso-ciliata cestivatione imbricata.
tala hypogyna rotata profunde 5-pa
laciniis. S Pa sepala excedentibus venosis sub
Eu sestivatione imbricatis. :

rtita, -

Stam. 5 libera epipetala filam. brevia sinubus laciniarum
corollharum insert. Anth. erectze biloculares longitud. dehis-
centes, sub introrse# cellule fibrose sub obsolete. Pollen
leve.

Stylus lateralis curvatus brevis, stigma capitato-peltatum
in corpus oblongum papillosum emarginatum.

Ovarium conicum basin ampliatum 1-loculare, 2-ovulat. (an
3 interdem.) Ovula pendula ab apicem loculi. Stigmatis basin
aa tegumentum unicum exterius.

. Cal. ut in hermaph.

Tw) 0. Ovar. ut supra tenuissimum vasculare foramina
ante anthesin inconspicuo hilum prope foraminatum. Nucle-
US inversus quoad tegument.

^ Capsula bialata, alis corporibus 2' unitis (stigmata abortiva
. Alterantibus, linea clavata iisdem utrinque opposita (an

. loculi abortientes.)

: Corpora cellulosa apicibus breve mucronatis, vasor. fasci-
: -culis binfs donata. +» *

i Orulo dimidium maturato, cavitasin nucleo centro ad est.
. Nucleus cellulosus laxus cellula cuique Nucellus grumosus
centralis, `

Flores expansos non vidì. Alabastra hermaphrodit. sub

bosa fzemin. ovato-conica.
E June, 1835.

: e Same,

B eds ovato-obcordata breve stipitata, calyce 5-sepalo
Persistente stipato, emarginata valde compressa bi-alata bi-
Carinata, carina nempe obtusa utrinque in alis alternante,
Sicca, l-locularis margine alarum incrassata, carinisque in
Mipiteg. &ecurrentibus.

. Semen unicum pendulum ex apice loculi ope fovigula bre-
vis, pene compressa, pluri gramineo haud ab simile, angulata

p ide,

Eos simplex membranaceum tenuissimum, albu-
“en aricte vestiens et vix separabile, fasciculis vasorum pluri-
US ad apicem usque currentibus.

CARDIOPTERIS. 543.

544 SAPINDACE.R.

^

Albumen copiosum corneum per oleosum tegumento con-
forma. ,

Embryo in axi albuminis antitropus.

Radicula teres longissima subacuta.

Cotyledones lanceolate foliaceze trinerves, nervis utrinque
prominentibus lateralibus paulo abbreviatis faciebus interns
contiguis.

Plumula Stick df vix punctulum formans.

Fig. I.
l. Female flower of Cardiopteris hamulosa, opened arti-
ficially. .

2. Do. Ovarium, Style aod Stigma.

3. Do. opened shewing ‘one pendulous ovula. |
3a. 4, Do. various views.

5. View of Stigma and the two modified styles.
1. Alabastrum of hermaph. flower.
. 2. Do. opened. A

6. Introrsous view of Stamen.

7. Ovula one of which is becoming abortive.
Fig. II.

l. Female flower-more inat

2. Do. its ovula.

3. Ovula in a younger state.

4. Ovulum in situ. (more advanced), with put of the

Ovarium and the Style and Stigma. .

5. Same ovule, a, exostome.

6. Immature fruit from which the above was taken.

Fig. IH.

1. Somewhat advanced ovary (of a female ower).

2. Mature carpella.

> Transverse e aeetion of fruit.
6. Ditto of

CARDIOSPERMUM. 545

4. Longitudinal section of seed before it has been placed

in the ground ; embryo much too distinct.

8. Seed after having been planted.

8a. 9, Embryo of ditto detached.

Oss. It is remarkable, that a short time after the fall of the
Corolla, the foramen or what seems very like it is opposite the
hilum, the ovule presenting here a decided aperture, the mar-
gins of which are truncated, while projecting beyond this is a
remarkably fine membrane, which I consider to be primine,
and external, although it is difficult to prove this at this stage
of its development. Examined at a later stage the ovule
will be found to be curved on its own axis, the integument at
this period appears to adhere to the body of the nucleas in
Small nipple-shaped processes which appear hs indicate the
normal number of ovula to be three.

' It is most remarkable that in apparently perfectly develop-

E. ed seeds, during the dry state, I have not been able to trace,

Any vestige of embryo. The albumen presents a slight dif-

. Terence in its tissue along the middle line ; but this is scarcely |

. &ppreciable. The annexed drawings of the embryo were

ade from 2 seeds that had been placed in the ground some

time,

= Gan there be some plants which may be truly called Cryp-

tembryonez ?

The testa is considerably a the cords running along

ne angles or eminences, they are dr composed of ducts
ich however are unrollable.

There is a curious but rather strong resemblance between

Tu Outside of the testa and the saute as will be Seen
looking at the sketches.

: affinitas, habita Caines (Sapindacearum)

cujus familie exemplo unico Stigmatophyllo aristato
etiam affinis est. Vidi Bot. Reg. t. 1659. Roxb. Hort.
». 94, sub nomine Banisteriæ auriculate

T3

it, structura fructus et embryonis Hiree (Malpighiacea- |

-

*

546 SAPINDACER.

2. Cardiospermum Halicacabum. .

Flower of very irregular structure, and*rendered still more
difficult by dislocation.

Sepals 4, in reality 5, the two lowest combined into one,

as is evident by the rudimentary central veins when com-

pared with its opposite single one; these are anterior and

posterior, the two outside ones are very small.

Petals 4, that which would be opposite to the compound
Sepal being wanting, the others are normally situated, eacht
being provided with a scale on the inside, two of which
have a greater tendency to pass into stamens than the rest.

Fertile stamens 8, disposed nearly in two phalanges, of
these 5 are opposed to the, sepals, three are opposed to the
compound one, two belonging to it, the middle one to the
petal wanting. The remaining two are opposed to the lowest '
petals, or those between the compound sepal and the lateral
ones. The two remaining to complete the series will be |
found in the shape of two minute teeth opposed to the two
remaining petals,

Carpellary leaves three opposed to the wanting petal,
and those two which have no fertile stamina.

Alternation and situation of parts, Pl. DXCIX. Fig. Hr

d, Abortive Stamens. E

c, Sepal.

| 1, Petal with its scale.

a, Compound.

À system of compensation is visible. The stamen opposed
to tlfe wanting petal is most developed; the two petals whose
scales have the most antheriform tendency have none but tooth-
like stamina, And if the situation (given) of the carpella
` be correct, we have them developed opposite those parts which
“are most deficient. ` 7
.. Littleis known of the nature of these and other scales, if

they represent a series of stamina, then the outermost series —

a

EUPHORA. 547

is "obviously wanting. In this case the number of stamina
will be 20
. Again if the carpella invariably alternate with the
inner row of stamina, another :series is wanting, which like š
the outer, would be opposed to the sepals, and will be 25.

l. Sepals.
P^ 2. Petals.
ES. Stamina—wanting.

4* Stamina—Scales.
5. Stamina—developed

6. Stamina—3, developed, 2 eee
$ Bolus arta:

8. Carpella—3 developed.

A tendency or relation of analogy is presented to a Poly-
Sanous formation.

Puddo river.: Sept. 10th, 1837.

r EUPHORA.

Euphora exstipulatis, Gr.

Arbuscula elegans 2, 5 pedalis. Ligno duro ramulis petio-
lis petiolulis. nervis mediis subtus ferrugineo-rubiginosis, fol.
alternis exstipulatis 5, 6 jugis cum impari, fol. oblongo-lanceo-

is acuminatis repandis subtus ferrugineo-pubescept. pubes-
cente stellar vernatio conduplicat. fructibus racemosb-panicu-
latis (paniculis axillaribus) globosis cerasi magnitudinum, extus

Pubescente stellarum minutissime velutinis. Capsularibus l-
tocular, ]-spermis.

Semen baccat. lateri fructus affixis, hilo lineari 14 lineali
para baccata an testa an arillus, evasculosa gelatinosa mem-
: interior tenuissime nervosa.

à 'otyledon. crassissime carnosz fusco-lutescent. auticz
Ostiezeque quoad exin.

pu. inclusa hilo obversa barbata.

*

548 SAPINDACEJE.

Plumula inconspicua conica subabuluta. Sapor teste inegra-
tus acidus.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis colloris. Pator prope basin. Feb.
1835. flores non viridi.

Ons. Testa secus. hilum langitadtnaliter sulcata tinea a
radiculæ basi ad hilum cotyledones. notat.

Pars baccata testa est ob cohesione cum membrana vascu-
losa interna, ob cotyledones hóc membrana tectze nec mem-
brana propria, ob ejus continentata fructus fructibus Lttchi
certe affinibus.

Dapon#a.

Dodonea pentandra.

Hermaphrodita viscosa. Fruticosa ramulis angulatis foliis
breviter petiolatis obovato-lanceolatis obtusis, sub integris
marginibus revolutis. Paniculis terminal. racemosis foliorum
circiter Jongitudinis, floribus sub cernuus pups 2 in ramulis
quoque panicula inconspicuis TE

Cal. 5-sepalus.

Stam. 5 subsessilia sepalis alterne ovaria cater.

Stylus brevis stigma exsertim emarginat. utrinque longitud.
1-sulcatum. fructibus inflatis, 2-alatis 2-locul. loculis 1-spermis.

Sem. rotundis pendulis. Radicula hilum prope. Cotyledo-
nib. more helicis tort albumeno.

Has. Mergue. In littoribus arenosis: Oct, 1834.

SAPINDUS.

Sapindus rubiginosus.

Arbor ramulis petiolis ped li ferrugineo-p pubescent.

fol. alternis pinnatis 6-jugis (foliis. terminalis | interdem

abortient. ) foliolis oblongis acuminatis repandis [egeo

Lt E obeunt, impunetatis petiolulis ferrugineo-pu? be -

SAPINDUS. 549

< Panieulis terminalibus sub racemosis, ramis divaricatis
floribus parvis, inconspicuis suaviter odoratis.

Cal. 5-sepal. sepalis rotundatis valde inzequalib. 2 exterior
minoribus. , ? :

Pet. 4 hypogyna breviter unico unguiculata sepalis alternan- '
tia obovata concave basin versus ciliata laminata, lamina intus
medium versus densissima barbat. medium supra constricta,

Stam. 8, hypogyna hinc dejecta filam. sublatis villosissium,

Anth. bilocular, longit. lateraliterque dehiscent.

Pollen obsolete triangulare. ` '

Ovarium superum forme corporis centralis pilosi tunque
Tudinem. Petalum inter sepala 2 inferior si 2 exteriore (uti
videntur) recte sinistraque sunt abortiens.

Torus superne vel postice in glandulos alba sub lobala pro-
duct. Ovarium extus sericeo-pubescens, profunde 3-lobum.
Stylus filiformis inclusus apice 3-fidus. Stiguhata 3, acuta
3-loculare loculis oblique ascendentibus, l-ovulatis, ovulis
ascendentibus foramen hilum prope fundüm locul. versus
Spectans. b

Has. Mergue. Ancutta : Nov. 1834."

Oss. The two smaller sepals*in the bud are anticous and
Posticous, the petal corresponding to the two right sepals is
Wanting. The shorter stamens, are anticously situated, the

Whole of them with the ovary or its rudiment is pushed down
- by the development of ‘the torus posticgusly, the hairs of the
lamina of the petals and of the stamens resemble closely
Some ‘forms of dotted ducts. The pores, or adhering granules
are very minute and require a high power to define them
clearly, The ciliæ of the’ petals are similarly formed, but
= Pores sare less highly developed. According to Caifi-

Sedes the anticous petal is wanting.

Mus ee

dic NsPusLiUM.
Nephelium malaiense, Gr.
Ramulis, pauiculis foliisque subtus ferrugin. pubescent.

E

*

*

550 SAPINDACEE.

petiolis flexuosis, foliolis 6, 7 alternis lanceolato vel ovato-
oblongis, accuminatis coriaceis supra atro-viridibus venis
2-dariis distinctis ramulis transversis nexis.

Floribus fasciculatis fasciculis racemosum, racemis pani-
culatis dispositis terminalibus. ,

Pedicelli breves. Calyx basi planus sepalis erectis subæ-
qual. late ovates breve ferrugin. puberul.

Annulum breve evoluta pubescens inter sepala et stamin.
in hoc (outer edge of petal) inseruntur.

Pet. valde inzequalia utrinque sed. presertim intus villosa,
barbata breviter unguiculata spathulata vel obovata sepalis
paullo longior.

Stam. 8-intra annulum insert. Filam stricte petalor. lon-
gitudine albo-pilosa. Anth. erecte basin affixe bilocular.
longit. dehisgentes.

udim, fem. pubescenti-pilos. central. stigmata 2 sessili
loculi 2, ovule abortive.

FI. penen mari similis sed stam. quamvis antherifere,
forsan effzete sunt. ,,

Ovar. ferrugin. pilos subdidymz, stylus brevis pubescens
apice bicrus, cruribus patentibus, interne stigmatosis, ovula
l-cuique lobo vel loculo ascendens anatrope foramen in-
ferne spectans latus rapheos placent. proximum arillo car-
nosa.

Has. Malacca at Malim [d ee. or Nepheli s sp. Malay

name Matakuching. '

*

+ 1., Sapinadeæ sp. Pl. DXCIX. Fig. E .

Arbor. ' Folia i impari pinnata.
Fructus racemosi oblongi ovi magnitudine, extus processu-

bus conicis angulatis, supra in stylum productis echinatissime

pia crassum, intus subviscosum, , endocarpium album
lucidi | chartaceum vix separabilum 1-loculares.

oe a EES

* SAPINDACEÆ. 551

Semen unicum cavitatem fructus implens, magnum erectum,

(hilo lato) sessile. .

Arilus carnoso-baccatus crassus albus, teste, apicem
hujus exceptum insuper qua apertus, est, arcte adhzrens,
acidus.
-Tegumentum unicum, lignosum, venosum, fragile apice
-8phacelatum, intus spongiosum et membrana vix separabili
Sponte vestitum, albumen nullum. : j
Embryo magnus, inversus, radicula supera brevissima ob-
tuse. Cotyledons crassissimæ carnose.
Plumula subinconspicua. i;
l. Fruit natural size. . 4
2. Do. section longitudinal, @ epicarp, 6 endocarp white
_ glistening, surface irregular, c fleshy baccate white aril-
lus, d covering of the seed, e sphacelated micropyle,
f embryo. j

3. Seed separated. i

4. Do, arillus detached, a micropyle. '

* Smoryo, i

6. Cotyledon radicle and plumula.

. HaB. Burmah, In cola mont. Bamo propinq. orientem
| Versus : May Ath, 1837. "

Mut S Dh teas ae

2. Sapindacee sp. Pl. DXCIX. Fig. II. Itinerary Notes,
. P: 02, no. 163
d Has, Bootan.

A

TERNSTRCOEMIACE/E.

` General Remarks on the Tea Plant. — j "
The aspect of the specimens of the Tea-growing plant of
nina in ny collection, is so different from that of the Assam
‘nt, that I was naturally led to enquire, (so far as my
ne Would go,) whether the Assam plant is identical with
ot China or not. pen e

*

e little Dem buds, -

552 TERNSTRÆMIACEÆ.

With the view of determining this point I have examined a
largë collection of the Assam plant, made by Mr. Masters, a
tolerably complete series of flowering specimens of the China
plants cultivated in. Assam, from the same gentleman,
specimens of the Tea plant cultivated in Chusan which
are only in bud, and lastly the living plant as it exists in the

garden. of the estate of Pringitt near Malacca.

- The following are the principal differences of each of the
above :—

Assam plant: : ui large, parts Stank, leaves very large,
very acuminate or cuspidately acuminate, occasionally acute,

in the dried state blackish, and not of a leathery appearance.

Leaves of the calyx smooth, except the margins which are
ciliately pubescent, veins of the petals complete, ovarium quite
smooth or slightly pubescent. Branches of the style dilated
at the apex. Radicle of the embryo small, and plumule large.
China plant cultivated i in Assam.—Stature smaller and much
more contracted. Leaves ‘much smaller, obtusely acuminate,
and of pale leathery appearance, leaves of the calyx ciliately
pubescent, ovarium densely silky-pubescent.

The Chusan plant, is very dwarf and contracted, leaves
small, obtuse or obtusely acuminate, blackish and not of a
leathery appearance, leaves of the calyx ciliately pul
Ovarium densely silky-pubescent.

The living plants at Pringitt.—Stature continkied and Len

ves very small, always obtuse, generally emarginate, light,

green, of a leathery appearance. | Leaves of the calyx pu-
bescent. Connectives of the anthers broad and emarginate,
ovary densely sericeo-villous. Branches of the style. dudila--
ted at the apex. Cotyledons unequally auriculate at the
base, one of the auricles covering the apex of the large je
cle, plumule small,

ll agree in the nodding direction of the fiue the:

Facta of the pedicels, the three-celied ovarium with 4
ovula to each cell, the tipai style, and the ome

CAMELLIA. | 553

Although, a$ I have said, the Assam indigenous plants
have a very different appearance from those Chusan, to which
however they approach nearer than to the others, there are
perhaps sufficient gradations to explain away several of the
differences. But whether this. will apply to the uniformly
large, acuminated, and not unfrequently acute leaves of the
Assam plant, to its smooth, or nearly smooth ovarium, is

` . more than I would venture to pronounce; and I would be
equally reserved, regarding the pubescence of the calyx, the
undilated ends of the branches of the style, and the con-
Sequent punctiform line of spathulate stigmatic surfaces,
the unequal auriculation of the cotyledons, and the i inversion
Er. in size of the plumule and radicle.
„There can be no doubt that if specimens of each of dis
. above, (excepting perhaps the Chinese plants cultivated in
. Assam, and the Pringitt plants, which are much alike),
Were to find their way into an Herbarium, and were not
known to belong to a genus that has been cultivated from
time immemorial, they would be admitted to be distinct by
es majority of Botanists.

i : CAMELLIA.

3 The Genus is divisible into two Sections.

PD "Tug. Calyce minus imbricato. Gemmis laxe et pauce
Squamatis,

- CaMELLIA. Calyce imbricato in petalis gum abiens.
C Gemmis ; imbricatis.

„l. Camellia (Thea) Bohea, Pl. DCI. Fig. I.

A^ , Flores in axillis solitarii, pedicellis petiolis duplo fere
erar ibus, deorsum; curvatis mcr Ei inter medium

l. . imbricatus sub Jipii quarum 2i internis intimoque
eris, 3-4 plo eae valde concava. j
; v3

554 '" TERNSTR(GMIACE.£.

Pet. 5 rotundata, concava 2 exterior magis sepalina, dorso
viridi-rubescente interior omnino alba.

Pet. 6ta interdum intimo minore.

Stam. 00, zstivatio flexuosa intima subinflexa. Filam. su-
bulatis interiori breviora robustiora. Anth. subquadratz. Con-
nectivum carnosum latum basi medium usque quasi fiss.
filam. in fissura parte inferior affix.

Anth. locul. marginatis, centro dehiscent.

Stylus robustus ad medium fere ex apicem 3-sulcatus
stamen longiorib. paullo brevior, apice 3-radiatus, radius
centro suleatis, sulco stigmatosa et apice suócapitat. stylus
infra medium pubescens. K

Ovar. infra med. sulcato-angulat. sericeo-pilosum presertim
apice toro glanduloso insidens, ovula 4 perparia collateralia
superposita, raphe superi infera, inferi supera, foram. cons-
picat axin a ede

la castaneo-brunnea basi i nune e sepalis 5
inblicitis dlak: rotundatis subcoriacea, parietibus cras-
siuscule 3-locularis, rounded 3-lobed.

Semen } cuique lobo, subglobos. castaneum glabrum
Leve, hilo magno,rotundato, hinc foveolis 3 ob pressione ovu-

. lor. abortivor. supra mammilla, minute.

Testa e lamellis 2 extus castan. osseum, intus albidum
coriaceo-carnos. vascular layer interjected.

Tegument. interius tenuiss. membranaceus. Cotyledones
hamis pherici, radicula inclusa ob auricul. dtr: hilum
latus inferius spectans.

1. Branch natural size, la mature cauline leaf.

2. Flower in front, 14 bud back of.

3. Do. laterally,

4. Anther back. *

5. Do. front.

. 6. Do. obliquely.

7. Pistillum.

8. Apex of style and the stigmata.

9. Ovarium, 1 cell laid open.

* : tea
* M

CAMELLIA. ; 555

10. Transverse of do.
Il. Ovulum under slight pressure.
12. Disposition of two of the ovules of a cell.

.44. Seed.

15. Hilum, face of do. the dots are the impressions of the

barren ovula.

16. Long section of seed, a outer coat of two layers, one
hard and bony, the other cellular coriaceous and vas-
cular, 6 excéedingly fine envelope to the seed, c coty-
ledons, d radicle.

7. Half an embryo, i. e. one cotyledon removed intended

to shew the auriculation of the cotyledons.
18. Do. part of cotyledons separated, these are unequal at
.. the base and one is subcucullate.

This drawing was made while making a comparison be-
tween the Assam and China Tea plants, and was taken from
living plants in the Pringitt garden.

— The disposition of the placentze and ovula are curious,
the former are confined to the middle of each cell, being
produced outwards into the centre of the cell, ‘and bearing.
on its apex two ovules; the upper one erect, and lower pen-
dulous. The raphe of both ovula is on that side of the ovulum
hext the parietes of the cell.
. The result when both ovula are matured, is that two ana-

. opous seeds of which one is erect and pendulous, have the

| .. Tadicles pointing exactly towards each other.

| um BS. Tbe Chinese plants cultivated in Assam, preserve most

;

|

—
`~

13. Fruit, rarely so perfect as this.

pe Of these characters, especially the coriaceous, scarcely acumi-
= Rate leaves, and pubescent ovary, and non-dilated stigmatic

: 8 They tend to pass into the Assam one in elongation, smooth
‘Sut ciliate sepals and length of style.

, the Chusan specimens have the dwarf habit, but the
* àre not more coriaceous than those of the Assam spe-

>»

*

556 TERNSTREMIACES.

cimens, some also tend to be lanceolate acuminate, but still
retain their bluntness, the calyx is not even ciliate.

The permanent points are, curved pedicels annulate about
the centre, blunt leaves, this tendency seems to disappear in the
Assam plants. especially those which are caudate acuminate.

The plant from which the above is taken has been in-
troduced into Pringitt’s Garden, it there forms a densely
branched rather ragged shrub of 3-4 ft. in height. »

The leaves are very coriaceous serrated subacuminate,
patent recurved convex above, margins subrecurved.

The length is equal to two breadths ; flowers solitary or two
axillary nodding subsecund, pedicel annulate articule about
the middle, with one bractea above.

Calyx shortly pubescent, and ciliate, corolla separating.
with the stamina, adhering, but separable without laceration.

Bud-scales sericeous, perhaps not exceeding 3, much like
a leaf, vernation conduplicate margin once involute.

The differences between it and the Assam plant are in habit,
all the parts being here approximated not distant: small,
very coriaceous scarcely acuminate leaves, a less bracteate
pedicel, pubescent calyx, pubescence of ovarium.

Emarginate connective, stout and shorter style, stigmata
punctiform at the apex of the branches.

irection of the ovula, non-auriculate cotyledons, and
non-included radicle, long radicle, and small plumule.

In both the pedicels are annulate, not articulate, the an-
nulus arising from the scar of 2 confluent bractes which in
the Tea open spathiformly. Pl. DCII. Fig. II.

Assam indigenous Tea Plant.

Stature large, parts distant. Leaves very large, in the dried
state black and not of a leathery appearance, very acuminate
or cuspidato-acuminate occasionally acute, flowers axillary
nodding, pedicel of expanded flower annulate scar about the
middle, leaves of the calyx smooth, except the ciliated pubes-

r4

CAMELLIA. 557

cent margins. Petals with perfect veins, connective of the an-
thers narro w.
Ovarium very slightly pubescent or quite smooth. | Style tri-
partite, lacinie generally with a recurved apex, and there
dilated and stigmatose ; ovula one.
1 Cotyledons inauriculate plumule large.

Assam Chinese imported plants.

Stature smaller, and much more contracted than native
Assam plants. Leaves much smaller, pale with a leathery ap-
pearance, lanceolate obtusely acuminate. Pedicels, calyx, co-
rolla and stamen as in the Assam plant.

- . Ovarium densely pubescent. Ovula 4 to each cell, style
_ tripartite subdilated at the apex and stigmatose there.
- Fruit not seen.

E,

- Chusan plants in the collection.

Very dwarf and contracted leaves tending to be obovate,
small, of the black unleathery appearance of the Assam.
plant. Pedicels and calyx as in that.

Ovarium densely pubescent.

Pringitt plants.

Stature contracted, dense, leaves very small, light-greenish
leathery lanceolate always obtuse generally emarginate.
Pedicels as before, calyx pubescent. Petals veins not reaching
| tothe margin. Connective dilated emarginate.

— Ovarium densely sericeo-villous, style 3-partite. Branches
radiating, with a punctiform stigma on the undilated apex
of each,

Cotyledons unequally auriculate at the base, one hooded,
Tadicle large, plumula small.

Assam leaves always have a thin appearance, I have not
determined the absolute situation of the ovula, from dried
Specimens, owing to shrinking.

_ *he China plants cultivated in Assam have as complete
veing of the petals as the Assam wild plants,

558 TERNSTREMIACE.

Stigmata various, styles sometimes deeply bipartite, either
spathulate at the apex or as in the Pringitt plants, but varies
with 4 cells, to the ovary.

2. Camellia (Thea) Theifera, Gr. Pl. DCI. Figs. I. III.

Pedicelli pluri bracteati, bracteis basi latis sursum in sepa-
lis abeuntibus.

Sepala 5-7 rotundata imbricata, petala 5-7 imbricata,
ovalia vel rotundata, exteriora bracteis abeuntia, intima
petaliformia pluri-venosa, intermedia marginibus membrana-
ceis, basi inter se mediante filamentorum annulo adherentia,

Stam. 00, hypogyna basin versus coalita inter se et cum
petalis leviter cohzrentia czeterum distincta.

ilam. filiformia glabra. Anth. introrsz, basi affixe bilocu-
lares longit. dehiscent. connectivo latiusculo.

y rmis hirsutiusculus apice tripartit. stigmata
totidem reflexa, stylorum apicium facies internas occupant.

Ovarium globosum sursum in stylum productum pilis rigidis
brevibus hirsutiusculum, 3-loculare, loculis 4-ovulatis.

Ovula biseriata 2 superiore externa ascendentia, foramen :
supero, 2 inferiore interne pendula foramine intus et deorsum
spectante. * Tegument utpote e siccis conspicere licet unicum,
distinctum.

Capsula 3-loba, coriacea, endocarpio tenuissimo membra-
nacea loculicida, septis persistentibus ex axi centrali solu-
tis, lobosum sinubus oppositis, 3-locularis loculis sepius l-
raro 2 spermis.

Sem. pendula si singula globosa si bina hzmisphzerica. 1
Hilum magnum micropyle satis conspicuum, hili latere €x- . |
terioris contiguam,

Testa coriaceo crustaceo crassiuscula. Tegument inter.
membranacea tenuissime inter hoc et testam materies cellulosa
vasis spiralibus et ductubus creberrimis interspersa. Semen
exalbuminos. Cotyled. hemisphzrice, Radicula brevissima
supera plumula conspicua,

? s

CAMELLIA, 559

Raphe externe inconspicua lata, apice seminis geometric
apud in ramulo pluries dichotome ramosos dividens, ramis
interior apice dichotomis binis extimis lateri exterior ramulos
dichotomos emittentibus.

' Has. Upper Assam.

3. Camellia (Thea) Mastersia Gr.

Foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis vel cuspidato-acuminatis,
Coriaceis, serratis, venarum reticulatione inconspicua,

Floribus axillaribus vel terminalibus, solitariis vel 2-4 aggre-
gatis, subsessilibus, ascendentibus, quasi e gemma ovata im-

atim-squamata erumpentibus.

Petalis liberis.

- Staminibus subbiseriatis, basi leviter connexis.

vario villosissimo, loculis 3 4-ovulatis, stylo 3-partito-
stigmatis linearibus.

Han. Upper Assam.

Readily I think recognised bythe highly bracteate short
footstalks of the Bowers, by their passing insensibly into the

4 calyx and this again into the corolla.
.* Contained in a collection presented by Mr. Masters to

Capt. Jenkins, by whom with his charscperintie liberality it
Was placed at my disposal.
ing the 4 or 5 species of Camellia, indigenous to
Assam. I have called it after Mr. Masters.
i It may possibly be Camellia axillaris, Wall.
4, Camellia caudata, Gr. Pl. DCI. Fig. II.
- Foliis anguste lanceolatis, caudato-acuminatis, filamentis

R- monadelphis villosus antheris basi insertis.

ing ut in precedente abeuntia bractearum in sepala

| : t sepalorum i in petala evidentissime. Filamenta interna dis-
tincta hypogyna, annulo hypogyno ovarii basin cingens in-
sertim

: Pollen globoso-subtrigona, stylus obclavatus hirsutissima
| : partit. Li LI
rium sub 6-gonum hirsutum angulis alternis minus pro-

560 TERNSTREMIACES,

fundis loculis triovulatis, ovulis 2 superioribus collateralibus
exterioribus, directio foraminis ut in antecedeute.

Septis vix evidentibus sed dehiscentia ostenditum placenta
una valvula centro unius semper adherente. |, Vasa pagine
interioris testaquz chartaceo-coriacea omnia spiralia cum
interno tegumento-quod tenuissim. secedentibus.

Capsula rotundato-trigona, l-sperma, 1-loculare, loculis 2
cum ovulis abortient. pressione, capsula exteriori pariete arcte
applicitis ; semen precedentis sed minor.

Has. In collibus Khasyensibus alt. 2500, 4500 ped. (espe-
cially on the Bengal side). In collibus Mishmeensibus, non
raro ad pedis etiam, gradu lat. 28 descendit.

5. Camellia simplicifolia, Pl. DCIlV. Fig. II. Itinerary
Notes, p. 40, no. 652.

Has. Khasyah Mountains.

EusvNaAxis.
Eusynazis Barringtonifolia, Gr. Pl. DCIII. Fig. I.
Fruticosa, foliis lanceolato-obovatis, cuspidato-acuminatis

serratis, maturis spitham:eis, alabastra gemmiformia sub-

globosis axillaribus solitariis sessilibus, floribus cernuis.

Calyx imbricatus sepalis exterioribus minorib. persistent.

Sepalis coriaceis rotundatis infimis multo minor massis
persistentibus, reliquis sensim ampliatis interne serie sub-
quinaria concava coriacea. Sepala extima bractezeve meee
mucronum.

Pet. totidem alternant. concava outermost very like the
sepals, e intimo minima.

Stam. 00, preesertim exterior qua breviora inter se coalita.
Filam subulat. apice tenue. Anth. basin affixee, connectivo
ovato loculis marginal longit. dehiscent. Pollen extus stria-
tulum, plicis porisve 3. Gemmatio Camellie Thez.

Ovarium oblongo-conicum, subglabum 5-sulcatum.

Styli subulati torti totidem quot sulci ovarii basin ^
fere linast; vel varie coaliti apice emarginati, stigma inter-

*

e

EUSYNAXIS. 561

jecta, style split at the top to the dorsum, inside of the fis-
sure and its edges stigmatiferous, loculis tot. quot stylis, an-
gustis, ovulis paucis appensis.

Fructus nutans, oblongo ovato, when dry hard with 5 obtuse
inner angles, breviter pedicellato, pedicello crebre, annulato
basin nudus apice obtuse pentagonus imo apice cicat. 5-
lobo. Epicarpio carnoso oleoso coriaceo, endocarpio-coriaceo,
9 vel abortu 4-locular.

Semina oblonga pauca 1-2 cuivis loculo, angulo interiori

a, brunnea pressione anguli, l-seriata/ tegumentum

Crassiss. osseum, Interna tenuis celluloso- membranacea. Al-

n0. Embryo oleosus radicula hilum versus infera, co-
tyledones plicatz, conduplicate accumbentes.

Membrana externa ut videtur decidua folded several times
towards the axis.

Secus latus axillis hilo longo angusto notat. micropyle
forme apiculi infern.

Cotyledons are obovate oblong cordate in outline, and are
folded transversely.

L. The flower seen from above, a two apiculate bractes ;
these afterwards graduate into petals, the innermost of which
| alone are entirely petaloid, very unequal and the whole dense-
3 ly concave and imbricated.

| 2. Side view of the flower, a edocarp, 5 testa, c` epicarp,
d endocarp, e angular upper end of seed, f hilum, g micro-
; Pyle, & hilum, / micropyle, j raphe, k testa, ¿ inner very tai
Bembrance occurs, m cotyledon, » radicle, o micropyle, p
9Pposite side of embryo.

Has. In sylvis Assamiz superioris, cum Camellia Thea
"rumque consociata.
B Barringtonifolia. Fruticosa foliis (maximis) spathula-
tis vel lanceolato-oboratis cuspidato-acuminatis serratis reti-
“atis, floribus nutantibus axillaribus solitariis, sessilibus,
“¥ce imbricato gemmie form, Petal carnosis ovario conico
v3

562 TERNSTREMIACES.

glabro, style basiusqudistinctis fructu calyce stipato rotun- -
dato oblongo.

Gemmis laxe imbricatis inconspicue.

Novum genus constat Eusynazis ob conjunctionem Camel-
liarum cum Gordoneis.

Est etiam planta flore Camelliz. Pistillo et fructu Ma-
laecodendron gaudens.

Calyx imbricatus interiora in petala abeuntia. Pet. in-
æ qualia, intima minima.

Stam. 00, basi coalita.

Ovarium 5-loculare, stylis 5 vel distinctis vel parte ME RA
stigmata totidem emarginata, ovula uniseriata.

Fructus 5-locularis, Semina angulata, aptera ossea.

This Genus has been casually mentioned in my Tea reports,
as an undescribed genus of Upper Assam, which has
the imbricate peranthium and stamina of Camellia, and to a
considerable extent the pistillum and fruit of Malachoden-
dron, so far as I can judge from the description I have of
that plant. This, as it seems to afford a direct passage
between the subdivision Gordoniez and the family Camellieæ
as they stand in De Candolle’s Prodromus, I have called
Eusynaxis,

GORDONIA.

l. Gordonie sp. Pl. DC.

Arbuscula.

Verrucule ramorum cinereorum pallide. Flores odorati
majusculi, Stamina petalaque post anthesin plus minus fus-
cescentia.

- Has. Burmah at Bamo in sylvis: April 28th, 1837.

2. Gordonie sp.

Arbor 30, 40 pedalis, ramulis compressis, foliis alitis
lanceolatis longissime acuminatis fere caudatis re is den
tatis penninerviis, marginibus cartilagineis subtus subglaucis,

GORDONIA. 563

floribus axillaribus solitariis conspicuis magnis albis odoratis,
pedicellis petiolis 2-3 plo longioribus subclavatis, paulo sub-
florem bibracteolatis, bracteolis oppositis caducis. Gemmis
terminalibus foliolis lanceolatis oblongisve sericeis pilosis

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis rotundatis estivatione imbrica-

Cor. gamopetala notata, ad basin fere 5-partit. laciniis ova-
tis subzequalibus.
Stam. 00 basibus inter se et cum basin corolle coalita,
filam, filiformia, lutescentia. Anth. bilocul. basibus affixe
- longit. lateraliterque dehiscent. ^ Connectivum carnosum
majusculis, stylus clavatus stamina, subzquans, stigma com-
planato-peltatum sub 5-lobum, 5-loculare, loculis 3-ovulatis ,
àn semper 3, ovulis pendulis, foramen ad apicem, hilum prope ?
membfanz ovuli testa secundisque distincte axis ovarii
Crassa D angularis. Pl. DLXXXV. A. Fig. VI.
Has. In sylvis collinis et humiliorib. Mergue : Nov. 1834.
Altera species, Moulmein vulgata.

8. Gordonia floribunda.

; Arbor excelsa, 60 pedalis, formosa, cortice cinerea. Rami
teretes, ramuli breviter pubescentes. Folia alterna, breviter

petiolata, oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, repanda integra, vel

tata, glabra, subtus glauca, stipule lanceolate sericez,
cito deciduæ. Flores solitarii axillares speciosi, albi, odorati.

*edicelli florum inferior longiores, ideoque Rui ciemen co-

Tymbiformis,

. Cal. infer. 5-partitus, sepalis rotundatis, ciliatis.

Cor, gamopetal. rotata, ad basin fere Myr Laciniis

stun dato-obovatis.

: 00, ima basin monadelpha et corolle adnata. Filam

bili curvata, lutea. Anth, bilocul. longit. dehiscent.

ED ovatum leve.

564 TERNSTR(EMIACEX.

Stylus clavatus, sub-angulat. stigma radiatum, e stigmati-
bus cuneatis 5 formatum, margine retracta.

Ovarium globos. argenteo-sericeum, 5-locul. dissepimentis
axique crassis, ovula 2 in quoque loculo, reuiformia pen-
dula. Pl. DC. Fig. II. a longitudinal, 5 transverse section
of the ovary, c ovule.

Has. In sylvis collinis Moulmein copiosa: Dec. Jan. Feb,
March, 1834.

DiPTEROSPERMA.

Dipterosperme sp.

Arbor magna.

Folia ad apices ramulorum conferta cuneato-spathulata vel
cuneato-obovata, distanter serratule ascendentia coriacea car-
nosa. Gemmarum squamz paucae oblongo-lanceolat. forming.
oblong conical terminal buds. :

Flores solitariis pedicelli bracti, petiole brevis, longitudine
cum flora tota externe cano sericeus.

Cal. imbricatus subtus sepalus, coriaceus, but there is
little distinction between the sepals and uppermost bractez.

Pet. 5 patentia concava rotundata coriaceo-carnos. dorso
(partibus internis in zstivat. exceptis) sericeo-pubescent.
ope stamina coalita.

Stam. 00, cum petalis secedent. pluriseriata petalis breviora,
Anth. oblongz subversat.

- Super. ovato-conicum. Stylo robusto pane apicem
stigmat. 5 cuneatis magis radiantib. coronat. l-locular el5
intrant angles wedge-shaped, and 5 alternating in < centre
communicate with narrow cells.

Seeds 3 in each cell, large, appense situated near the base,
terminating above in a large whitish wing, foramen Supe"
rior near the base of the wing. The wing is developed
from e lower } of the raphal face, which is not next the

ae

pack alternate with petals.

ae ae

ERYTHROCHITON. 565

Ovules 4 collateral pendulous anatropous produced up-
wards into a wing. Pl. DCIII. Fig. II.

Terminal scale buds 2 conduplicate vernation of leaf con-
duplicate-involute.

Oss. Genus indescriptis except its anthers which agree
tolerably with those of Godoya.

Certainly distinct from any Ternstraemiaceous genus known
to me, it has the flowers of Camellia and appears to differ from
Eusynaxis in the complete union of the styles, and l-locular
ovary and winged ovula.

It is I imagine a congener of Roxb. Camellia axillaris
Bot. Reg. 4 t. 349. Capsula in vol. 8 Notes, is des-
cribed as woody oblong 5-celled, 5-valved, size of a filbert,
with many upright top winged seeds in each cell.

Axillary buds pilose.

-

EnvrTHROCHITON.

Gen. Cnan. Flores dioici, bibracteolati, Cal. inferus
profunde 5-partitus. Pet. 5 hypogyna libera, sepalis oppo-
sita!! Stam. 00, hypogyna, multiplici serie. Anth. adnate,
apicibus trancate. Ovarium 2-loculare, 4-ovulatum. Styli
2. Stigmata 2, reniformia foliacea. Bacca supera, 2-locula-
ris, 2-4 sperma. Semina pendula arillo? punctulato car-
noso inclusa, albuminosa. Embryo curvatus.

CI. Linneana. Diecia. Polyandria. Ordo Naturalis. Terns-

ie p Ed ue AUR

Wer des aL LR SQ aai Res asit

— Habitus. Arbor mediocris foliis stipulatis perennantibus

a integris, pedunculis extra axillaribus.

a __ Erythrochiton Wallichianum, Gr. Herb. (Mergue) prop.

. "o. 866, Dec. 1834.

— . In sylvis secus littoram Insulae Madamacan Mergue proxi-
mie,

: 3 Sr mediocris, dioica ; — teretibus. Folia alterna
e ad a tim conferta, oblongo-obo-

Vata ibas et breviter acuminata, integerrima coriacea, parce

566 TERNSTR(EMIACEJ£

l-venosa, supra atro-viridia, infra lutescentia. Petioli basi
articulati. Stipule? minime subulate deciduz. Pedunculi
extra axillares, (foliorum abortu?) solitarii 2 unciali flores
paulo infra alternatim bibracteolat. Flores majusculi, albi-
da odorato facie Camelliz.

Calyx profunde 5-partitus, laciniis rotundatis estivatione
imbricatis persistentibus.

Petala 5 hypogyna sepalis opposita ovalia subzequalia paten-
tia carnosa æstivatione imbricata postico reliqua obvolvens,
bases versus longitudinaliter rugosa stamina plurima multi-
plici serie hypogyna, sublibera.

Filamenta brevissima subclavata. Antherz lineares adnate
biloculares longitudinaliter dehiscentes directione varie. Con-
nectivum apice truncatum et dilatatum. Pollen oblongum
hine longitudinaliter sulcatum,

Fu. Calyx corollaque ut in mare sed multo minus patulz.
Stamina abortiva plurima hypogyna, filiformia plana truncata.

Ovarium Pl. DLXXXV. A. Fig. VIL, subglobosum 2-
loculare, loculis 2-ovulatis ovula pendula (exapicibus loculo-
rum ?) campanulitropa uniformia. Tegumentum duplex fora-
men hilum prope. Styli 2 brevissima. Stigmata 2 maxima
foliacea reniformia, marginibus obtuse inciso-dentatis, anti-
cum et posticum,

Fructus. Bacca exsucca globosa, citri medice parve mag-
niiae basi calyce persistenta et subampliato cincta, bilocu-

» 2-4 sperma dehiscentia longitudinaliter et irregulariter
bibquadrivalvis. Semina pendula ab apice placentz centralis
liberz (funiculis elongatis) arcuata reniformia, arillo ? carnoso
rugosulo pulcherrima coccineo tecta. Tegumentum duplex.

Exterius subosseum, interius membranaceum. Albumen sê-

mini conforme, carnosum, copiosissimum. Embryo in axi
albuminis curvatus, hippocrepidiformis, indivisus! secus
peripheriam cum albumina coalitus! Radicula teres longis-
sima? hilum versus spectans. Cotyledones carnose coalite
inter se et cum albumine! Plumula inconspicua.

i
|
1
|

ANNESLEA. : 567

Genus Euryam Cleyeramque intermedium, structura fruc-
tus et seminum ad Annesleam accedit, distinctum ob-
formam stigmatum et embryonem indivisum cum albumine
coalitum. :

I believe that Hopea eglandulosa of Roxburgh, which
Mr. Colebrooke in a Mss. note, appended to the description
in Roxburgh’s Mss. synopsis, long ago stated not to belong
to Hopea, (Sarcostigma Roxburghii Wall. Mss.) and which
Mr. Brown in his Mss. formerly called Wahtenbergia, not
only belongs to this order, but will found to be very nearly
allied to this genus; of the genus Sarcostigma, there ap-
pears to be a second species from Sylhet.

Cal. Bot. Garden: July 15th, 1835.

ANNESLEA.
- Anneslea fragrans, Pl. DLXXXV. A. Fig. XVII.

. Arborea, foliis alternis petiolatis lanceolatis coriaceis, inte-
gerrime acutis, floribus corymbosis subumbellatisve, albis ter-
minalibus in pedicello mp ad ad articulum bracteis 2
ovatis,

Cal. Semi-superus profunde 5-partitus, sepalis ovatis, con-
cavis (2 exterior mojorib.) persistentibus goriaceis.

Cor. gamopetala, petalis 5, nempe unguibus latis accretis
fauce constricto, limbo connivento 5-partito, laciniis ovatis
acutis,

Stam. 00, petalorum unguibus subcohzrentia (hypo-
gyna). Filam. brevia complanata. Anth. adnatz, basi sub-
SRagittatz bilocular longit. dehiscentis. Connectivum ultra
antheram in apiculam productum.

. Ovarium 2-loculare loculis pauci-ovulatis, ovulis pendulis >
. Placenta axilis. Foramen versus hilum.

— Has. In sylvam prope Moulmein, rara: Jan. 1834.

J

. Ternstremiacee sp. Pl. DCIV. Fig. I. Itinerary Notes,
p. 42, no. 667.

Has. Khasyah Mountains.

Eurye sp. Pl. DCIV. Hur III.

Han. Assam.

HYPERICINEA.

| ANCISTROLOBUS.
Ancistrolobus sp. Pl. DCV. Fig. II.

Fruticosa longe scandens, ramis junioribus valde elongatis
attenuati-foliosis, ramulis? oppositifol. aphyllus, processus
uncinatos comutos alternos gerentibus, senioribus ramosis
abbrevatis, apices versus foliosis, uncias 1-2 lignosus gerent.
trunco commune, e folioso, fol. subsessile obovata juniora
emarginata coriacea integra reticulato atroviridia. Inflores-
centia terminalia cymosa, cymis divaricatis, dichotomis flori-
bus breviss. pedicellatus, majusculus, corolla coccineo-rubra;
pedicellis basin versus 2-bracteatis bracteis minimis.

. Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis oblongo-ovatis, subpatent inzqua-
' libus zestivatione imbricatis.

Cor. 5-petalis, petalis hypogonis sepalis alternis zestivat. im-
bricatis convolutis, ovulis, basibus carnosis marcescent.

Stam. 10 hypogyna, alternat. breviora, petalis opposit. sæ-
pissime cum petalis per filam basibus dilatat. carnosis su
cohærent. subulatis coccineo-rubris. Anth. erectæ, bilo-
culares longit. dehiscentes. Pollen sulcat.

Styli 3 sanguinei, in apice ovar. reticulat. caduca, Stigmata
totidem truncata

Ovar. semi daban? l-loculare, l-ovulat. ovulo erecto,
funiculo brevi sustento, foram. conspicuum ad apicem ovatum,

‘ ovule post anthesin apice longe product.

Has. In sylvis Mergue: Dec.^1834, a A ee section of
ovary, 6 abortive ovule, c secundine. Pet post anthesin
convolato conniventia. ;

Lo d

HYPERICUM. ' 569
Eropsza.

Frutex elegans, 10 pedal. fol. suboppositis oblongo-ellipti-
cis acuminatis pulehra reticulatis subtus. glaucis marginibus

magno-punctulatis floribus solitariis supra axillaribus majus-

culis odoratis. — Pedicellis petiolorum longitudine, apices ver-
sus articulat, alabastrorum nutantibus demum erectis, parte
Miticulatione supra livida.
al. 5-sepal, sepalis late ovatis foliaceo-membranaceis im-
incus 3 exterioribus plus minus livido-tinctis, persistentibus.
Pet 5 hypogyne sepalis alternant. obovata breve un-
guicula erecta, vel subpatentia pallida coccinea decidua.
Stam. polyadelpha hypogyna Phalanges 3 polyandre, inze-
qualis l-angustior minorque petalo opposit. 2 duplo latiores,

quaque petalis 2 opposit. e phalangibus 2 format. compla-

ate lineari cuneate extrorsu staminifera.

Filam libera subulata. ^ Anth. ‘bdilocular erectz asib.'
affixz, longitud, lateraliter dehiscent iuferiores cujusque pha-
langis minores. Pollen albidum oblongum leve, his sulcatum,
Connectivum brunneum glandulz 3 hypogynz maximae oblon-
gæ nectariferze extrorsum cucullatze cum phalange alternant.

Ovarium s super liberum e carpellis 3 format. Styli 3 subpa=
tehtes, filiform stigmata 3-capitat. ovar. 3-loculare septis si-
nuatis loculis 00 ovulatis, ovulis erectis apicibus in mem-
branem cellulosa truncat. expansis, foramen infera hili prop.

asi loculor affixis.

Has. Inter fruticis circa Mergue vulgo April 1835. Odor.

lülioe-contusorum subaromat.

Genus distinctum, praecipue obphalanges anisomeras peta-

disque oppositus. Glandulæ 3-sepalis totidem opposit. 2

rtivis.
Hypericum.

Hyperici sp. Pl. DCV. Fig. I.
Habitat, Burma at Khathung Kyawn: March, 1837. !
2 w 3 . ^ "d

.

570
PAPYACEJE.

Carita.
| Carica papya, Pl. DLXXXIV. Fig. II.
PASSIFLOREJE.
TricHopta.
. Arbor foliis alternis (habitu Caseariz) oblongis late cre-
nulatis. Flores axillares glomerate ; ferrugineo-viridescentes.
Pedicelli basin articulati 3-bracteolati.

Perianth. duplici serie 10 partitum, sepalis 3 exterioribus
majoribus, calycinis, squamule indefinite simplice serie ex
ima basin perianth ortz lineares villose discrete vel in pha-
langes coalite.

Cal. 5-sepalus, imbricatus corona e squamular. discret.

vel coalit. linearium, villosar. simplice serie.

Stam. 5 basi breviter monadelph.

Anth. basi cordatz profunde, sinu affix. accumbentes. Pol-
len round, 3-plicate,

Ovaria stipulat. Placente bi-ovulat. Styli 3. Stigmata ree
niform capsula chartacea, 3-valvis, seminib. 2-8 arillatis.

Capsule pubescentes erectae.

Aspectus etiam presertim capsular Euphorbiaceum,

Habit certainly of Vareca, locus naturalis Passiflores.

Oss. There is scarcely any difference between the petals
and the inner sepals,

From the characters as given in Don, this plant, it would
appear to be an undescribed genus, allied to Paropsia, and in-
termediate between the two divisions, the ovaria being stalk
ed, it is also allied by some of its characters to Modecca, t9
Simethmannia, in the short corona with a tendency to union,
When it would be urceolate.

In the water in which some old anthers had been put, in-

numerable elliptic bodies oceasionally mixed with short -

niliform ones were observed, yet to the water itself Ido ge

TTE RENTEN e————-€CCGBEEM

MARG CS REN SUMI I CU PPAR

TRICHODIA. 871
Trichodia vareciformis, Gr.
_ Arbor mediocris.

Ramulo elongate ferrugineo-pubescente,

Pol. altern vernatione involuto-conduplicat. plus minus con-
cavis oblongis, obtuse cuspidatis late crenato-serratis glabris,
venis 2-dariis arcuata nexis, interveniis reticulata sublente
minute’ punctulat. subdiaphan. exstipulat. linea decurrens
evanida hinc basis petiole.

Flores in axillis, pauce glomerati, pedicellis basi 3 bracteo-
latis ibidem articulatis pedicellis petiolos breves excedent,

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis lanceolato-ovatis extus ferrugiueo
pubescente inzequalibus 2 interior duplo minor,

Pet. totidem alternant. sepalis intimis subsimilibus pubes-

*

cent.

Stam. sterilia 5 filiform. sepalis opposita, arising from im-
mediately under the ovarium which is stalked.

Between the stamen and petals is a series s of linear very vil-
lous bodies.

Ovary subglobos. 3-lobed sulcate pubescent, each lobe
terminated by a short subulate pubescent style, stigma 3,
ong. reniform caducous.

The villous bodies (corona) are either distinct or united
into flat lobed phalanges.

The stamina are united at the base into a membranous tube
Which conceals and adheres to the stalk of the ovary.

Orvar. l.celled with 3 parietal placente, ovula compressed
üatropous on short stout funicles, collateral, from the base of

‘Placental lines, galeiforme.

"Capsula green pubescent rounded 3-lobed terminated by

Styles, at the base. Perianth and corona unchanged, but
browned t celled, as it were inflated, endocarp cellular char-

us,
_ Seeds 2-3, about 4 way between middle and base of pla-
| Sharpeegesd E covered by arillus which is entire with

372 MORINGACBA.

Young testa scrobicular, internally with very many coni-
cal verruce.

Anth. attached by the midde? ? bilocular; I am not certain
whether the flowers are polygamous, I find on one, the remains
of anthers terminating the filament as long as the perianthial
leaves.

The calyx leaves are reflexed at the apex, petals are erect.

4$ - PASSIFLORA.
* Passiflore sp. Pl. DCV. Fig. IV.

:Has. Khasyah mountains at Churra Ponjee.

MORINGACEZ.

is HyPrRANTHERA.
Hyperanthera moringa, Pl. DCIX. Figs. I. II.

“Cal. tubo cyathiforme profunde 5-partit. laciniis, lanceo-
lato-linearibus, parti libera petaloideis patenti-reflexis e
minus concavis. 5to postico.

Cor. 5-petala patalis sepalis sub conformibus spathulat. 2

superior minoribus lateralibusque intermediis ascendentibus
5to majore porrecto antico sepalis alternantia, 1 2 superior
bases versus pubescentibus,

tam. declinat. 10 alterna sterilia sepalis, alterna fertilia.
majoraque petalis opposit filam subulatis basibus villosis.

: Ovarium teres stipitatum villosum. Stylus brevis subcla-
vatus. Stigma truncat. sub excavat. Ovar. 3.sulcatim l-
loculare, pluri-ovulat. ovulis simplice serie placentis 3-lineari--
bus parietalibus affix. foramen hilum prope.

_Arbuscula, foliis supra decompositis. Paniculis axillaribus
floribus albis. Pollen’ leve, hinc sulcatum, affinitus cum

Xanthoph. eglandaloso p. 537.

Oss. I have no notes by me on the. kan a Xanthophyl- e
lum; but if I conjecture "y vs development of the sta- -

|
|
|
|
|
|
i

HYPERANTHERA. "573

. *minais a good deal analogous to that of Moringa, in which if
10 were developed the uppermost would as in Leguminosz be
the smallest. "The opposition of the two lowermost to the
carina may be explained by assuming the obliteration of the
proper Ist stamen, and the approximation from pressure of
the two normally alternating with the carina, so that they
become opposed to.it, of this opposition by pressure other
instances occur.

- _ Of course this view is only reasoning on the idea, that the
petals are properly developed, if not so, then the opposition.
of these is at once accounted for. .

X. flavescens approaches Moringa in its pluriovular ova-
rium,

. No stipulz exist, unless they are represented by glands.
_ The great differences it has with Leguminosze exists in the
uniloeular anthers, the position of the 5th petal which is an-
. ticons, the compound nature of the pistillum, and the nature
of the ovula, which in Leguminose are campulitrope, and
in this anatropa, that is the base of the nucleus corresponds
to the apparent apex of the ovulum.
The great objection to the idea of DC. that Moringa is a
.. Constantly tricarpellar Leguminousa, I take to be that, if this
.. ally were the case, each carpellum would be distinct, since
inallcases in which an additional carpella is formed in
Leguminose, it is always so, hence a tricarpellar Leguminosa .
-Ìt ever be found, will be apocarpo-tricarpellar, not as in
: this genus, syncarpo tricarpellar. .
3 . With Samydacez it has, but little in common, although
: *xternally there are no signs indicating ternary composition
: t the style, yet the shape of its cavity as well as the dis-
tribution of its vessels into three fascicles, point this
: fat. The stigma is cup-shaped, or rather none exists,
the communication with the interior of the ovary, is free and
na inct, and the pollen comes in immediate contact with
Mucous conducting tissue by which it is filled; such a
ure is compatible with placentary stigma, but incom-

574 MORINGACES.

patible with a stigma consisting of the denuded or of the
midrib, see also Viola, ete.

Hairs simple, those of base of stamina irregular.

1. Alabast posticous.

2. Do. anticous.

3. Flower just expanding posticous.

4. Do. anticous,

5. Flower viewed laterally.

6.. Do. sepals removed.

7. Genetalia mascula in situ, pistillum hidden by these.

8. Do. long section.

9. Stamen anther lateral. |

10. Do. front or external.

11. Do. internal or back.

12. Dehisced anther, shewing the adhesive subwaxy pollen.

13. Young anther transverse section. i

14. Two globules of pollen viewed in water with a portion
of their oily secretion.

15. Apex of style and stigma.

15a. Do. transverse section,

16. Ovary transverse section.

17. Portion of placenta and ovula in situ.

18. Ovule ad anthesin.

19. Young ovule long section.

20. Ovule after fecundation.

21. Do. long section, a testa, 6 inner tegument distinct
only towards its neck, ¢ nucleus, now nearly completely
excavated, d chalaza, e carunculus formed by an indu-
ration of the foramen.

22. Partinm situs et alternantio. `

The real affinity of this genus is certainly with Polygalez
through Xanthophyllum, to this Lindley has made an ap-
proximation, he refers it to Parietales, but next to Violaceæ.
With Xanthophyllum, i it has striking resemblances, -«--— o

susc beseulam atarnitn

Mei ka ii Mr nU. It differs from it

|O*

: VIOLACE&. 575

perigynous corolla and stamina, tricarpellary formation of
the ovary, aud in the polyspermous fruit.

This genus has a greater degree of affinity to Leguminosæ
than Polygalee in general have, it will form a decided tran-
tition between the two orders, chiefly owing to the perigy-
hous insertion of its corolla and stamina.

To the latter Order an additional affinity is pointed out by
the obvious tendency of the calyx to assume a petaloid form,

e deciduousness of the petaloid portion of the calyx oc-
curs in Roydsia to an equal degree. The stalk of the ovary
subsequently assumes the appearance of the remaining
Portion of ovary, but it is solid. The embryonary sac is of
late appearance, I find no trace of it even when the young
fruit is nearly a span long.

The glandulation of the leaves is similar to that of some-

ecies of Cassia, I allude to the stipitate ones found be-
^ the folivles, in this genus their presence is not cons-

- . Bamo: April 29th, 1836.

VIOLACE.
E. Viota.

. . Viole sp. Pl. DCVII. Fig. II.

— Subacaulis estolonifera, fol. longe petiolata hastato-cor. `
Sata, obtusa crenato-dentato, vernatione convolute subtus
| Spe purpurascentia, in petiola attenuata. — Pedunculi me-
: dium versus 2-bracteolat. planu-convexi apice nutantes.
Bracteæ subulatz ad presse. Flores majusculi cæruleo-pur-
ce inodori, caleare obtusissimo fuscescente rubro-punctu-

Sepala lanceolata declinato basin auriculata presertim 2

> Pet, venosa: oblonga, 2 postica ascendentia, antico por-
to, hoc et lateralia 2, qua subascendentia et intus mar-

*

576 VIOLACEA:

gines superos versus barbata sunt, basibus albidis, venis atro-:
purpureis lineata. :

1
7

Anthere albide, apicibus membranaceis circa stylum
conum efformantibus aureis, subulis 2 qui a connectivis sta-
minum 2-infimorum originem ducunt et in calcar currunt,
viridescentibus. Ovarium antheris circumcinctum, conicum
sub 3-gonum, stylus cono apicum inclusus clavatus, apice
tiigono truncato, stigma foveolum transversum profundum

in capite styli orificium ad styli angulum inferum anticumve.

Ovarium 3-gonum angulo tertio postico, ovula 00 rotundato, .
tegumenta 2 distincto foramen hilum prope, cuique placenta
series 3-4 ovulorum ad sunt.

Capsula calyce immulato persistante suffult. stylo stigmata-
que sphacelato-apiculata, 1-locularis, loculicida 3-valvis, valvis
patentissimis navicularibus hinc utrinque lineatis. Semina
levia pallidissime brunnea, rotundato-obovata, micropyle
mammillzformis hilum prope, arillata, arillo albo.

Secus situm pendula transversa vel ascendentia, 4-seriata-

Tegument. unicum extus cellulos. intus fibrosum chartaceum
fragile, vestit. membrana tenuissime, albumen copiosum carno-
sum.

Embryo axillis orthotropus, viridescens simplissima.

Radicula teres, obtusiuscula longitudine cotyledonum.
Cotyl. plane foliacee raphe opposita. Plumula inconspl-
cua,

... Ons. It is difficult to conceive how impregnation takes place,
as there is evidently no access for the pollen to the stigma.
That this however does take place, I have no doubt from the
appearance of the stigma, after the capsule has commenced
to enlarge, and after the embryo has become visible, yet 1
one instance I could not find any remains of tubes or pollen
in the stigma or style, there is a membrane however that
lines the cavity of the style. : ee

Has. In campis, Suddyah prope communis Burrumpootur : .

Wes,

*

S s

577
CAPARIDACE.E. — -

Capparis.
Capparis oligandra.

Frutex scandens inermis, fol. oblangis basi cordatis sub-
acuminatis emarginatis.

Racemis subumbellatis densifloris axillaribus, sepalis 4 ova-
tis reflexis. :

Pet totidem oblongum albida.

Stam. 8 filam capillarib. longis. Anth. oblongis bilocu-
larib.

Ovar. stipitat. stipite unciali, Stylus brevissimus stigma
obtusum simplex, l-loculare placentis parietalibus, ovula
00 foramen conspicuum hilum prope.

Has. Mergue. Sp. distincto ob stamina definite,

Capparis versicolor.

-Fruticosa scandens ramis teretibus viridibus, fol. breve pe-
tiolatis lanceolatis acuminatis emarginatisque glaberrimis in-

tegerrimis lucidis. Petiolis brevibus supra ferrugineo pubes-

Cent, spinus geminus subulatis acutissimis patente recurvis,
ribus solitariis axillaribus pedicellis foliis duplo fere brevi-

orib. alabast. globos. floribus, maximis ephemeris, primo albis

Cito rosaceis exceptis odoratissimis, odor nuces moschatz.
pala 4 patentia 2 interiora subpetaloidea.

Pet totidem subobovata emarginata repanda intus materia

= floceulosa vestita.

. Stam. 00 numerosiss. longissim. filam. subulata. Anth.

. basibus affixe, bilocular longit. dehiscentes, connectiv. am~

- pliat. Pollen lanceolat. sulcat. læve. |

: Orar. longissime stipitat. stipite albo. Stylus conicus

revis stigma simplex. Ovar. l-loculare placentis 4-parieta-

j ibus, ovula 00 funiculis longiusculis sustent. campulitropa

‘ramen hilum prope. Villi petalor. arti

: Has, Mergue. In sylvis: January, 1835.

D.
^ 7 L4

s3

578 CAPARIDACEJE.
Rovpsia.

l. Roydsia parviflora, Gr. Pl. DCVII. Fig. 1.

Cortex cinereus maculis parvis albis.

Foliorum intervenia majora subtus concava, supra luteo-
viridia subtus pallida, venatione saturatius colorata.

Racemi viridescentes uti bractee.

Sepala fusco-viridescentia intus stamina aurea. Anthere
plumbea,

Ovarium rubescens.

Planta scandens fruticosa.

Has. In sylvis collinis versus Serpentine mines, Hookum
valley between Assam and Burmah, April 3rd, 1837.

Referred to Caparidez in Lindl. Nat. Orders, 2nd edit.
With this order it agrees in habit and gynophore, but in es
want of petals and especially in the structure of the seed,
is widely different. It is the type of a distinct order.

2. Roydsia suaveolens, Pl. DCVI.

Fructus racemosi, pedicelli basi articulati, stipiti proprio
fructus paullo breviores, utrinque dilatati, stipites basin ver-
sus obsolete annulati, annulo situs staminum ostendente,
exacte ovales, interdum rotundata magnitudine Grossularize
magne, virides, verrucis furfuraceis copiose tectis, apice foveo-
latis, demum baccatis l-loculares. Epicarp. viride. Mesocarp-
crassum albido-ochroleucum. Endocarp. levis tenuis fibrose,
densa.

Semen unicum maximum exalbuminosum erectam.

_ Tegument ener, luteum crassius. carnosum tune mar-
factum, spongioso-cellulos.
Vigiocatpin arcte adnatum, potius tegument exterius endo-
carpio adnat. tenug, ruptum, spongioso-céllulosum, cotyledon
plicaturum opposit. vasculoso-reticulat.

Tnterius ‘Semi-completam luteum crassius carnosum, mar-

rin "eU

, cotyledon i

terum subito tenuissimum embryoni adhaerens. E

Ziwok opposit no

: | CAPPARIS. 579

| Embryo orthotropus, viridis. Cotyledones carno$z quam
|. maxime inzquales, Wc a interior multo minor plana
.. exterior-plano convexa.
| Radicula breviuscula infera inter commissura cotyledones
exterioris semi-recondita, obtusa, Plumula inconspicua.
Fasc. vas. testze,ternze, medio subsimplice, lateralibus exte-
rior. ramosis, rami semi ambientes.
Ovula plura minuta abortientia descernantur dorso teste.
Cotyledon interna aliquando, cotyledon externa solito pro-
ductiore omnino inclusa, sepius margines ejus extern sunt.
Genus pluribus notis ab omnibus aliis mihi cognit.
Suddyah : August 22nd, 1836.

3. Capparis sp. Pl. DCVIII.
.. Frutex scandens elegans floribus filamentis primo albis de-
E Mum purpureo tinctis odoratis.
ue Has. Burma at Bamo: April 26th, 1837.

CRUCIFERA.

General Remarks.

da Crucifere, we have first the total abortion of all the
æ, which as Link says, indicates a high irregularity of -

cture. The sepals and petals present no anomalies, dif-
fering only from the usual form in the quaternary number of
the ee one is anticous, the other posticous, consequently
the petals are lateral; we then have 6 stamens of which

are opposite the two lateral sepals. The remaining. 4,
fare the longest, may be considered as opposite the
although such is scarcely the exact case. —

‘then have 4 glands, which I look upon as belonging to

cries, placed opposite to each sepal, the two lateral ones
laced within the corresponding filaments. It is my
from the above facts, that the two stamina opposite
cous and posticous eS are totally deficient, the 2

s

580 CRUCIFER.E.

glands having nothing whatever to do with them. In such
a case we have a deficient outer series of stamina: a com-
plete intermediate one, and an abortive inner one represented
by glands; all these parts having the regular alternation.
The greatest anomaly is presented by the pistillum, the ovary
being bilocular, the cells right and left, thé placente being
parietal and anticous, and posticous, mutually connected with
the interposition of a cellular plate. But the stigmata are
opposite.the placenta, or anticous and posticous. I think how-
ever that there are indications of the quaternary compbsition
of the style and stigmata, which last are opposite ‘the sepals
as they should be. Ifthis be found to be true, then Mr.
Lindley’s opinion that the carpella are 4, 2 barren, 2
placentiferous anticous and posticous, and the formation will
be complete.
TAUSCHERIA.

Tauscherie sp. Pl. DCX. Itinerary Notes, p. 247, no. 390.

Planta valde varians, statura uncialis vel pedalis.
Caulis flexuosus, foliis inferioribus pinnatis pinnulis alter-
nis pinnatifidis secus latus inferius subintegris,

Intermedius basi auriculatis, auricula apice lobata ceterum

inferioribus similibus, superior ad auricula reductis ovatis
concavis, basi maxima hastato-cordatis obapproximationem
auriculare quasi perfoliatis, glaucis.

ZEstivat. imbricat. sepalis exterior majoribus.

Racemis nudis terminalibus, pedicellis gracilibus floribus
minutis luteis. Calyx basi planus sepalis oblongis exterior
majoribus.

Petala 2.3 uno duove sepius an semper abortiente, spathu- ,

lata erecta emarginata lutea, longe unguiculata, basi glandula
adherente stipata.
Stam.. glandulis nullis interjectis sed basi subincrassat.
Anth. basin affixæ biloculares, non adnata.
2 Ovarium complanatum, oblongo-obcordatum biloculare
_ ovalis solitariis mer loculi stylus brevis stigma

Mies EAE E MR a a a a a

TAUSCHERIA. . 8l

Semina (immatura) marginata testa superfice cellulosa
solubilis immersionem. Embryo curvatus radicula in dorso
. cotyledonis replicata.

Oss. A plant very like this is figured in Royles illust. under
name of Tauscheria desertorum. :

The nature of the simple quasi perfoliate leaves is obvious
and is analogous to what takes place in some Umbelliferz;
and in a less degree to certain cases among Mimosez.

The alternation of the parts is obscure, and the presence
of the gland attached to the base of the petals, does not , al-
low us to consider the longer stamina as belonging to the
petals but that itis displaced. There is no proof of com.
Position of the outer and larger sepals, or it would be of easy
explanation.

There is little doubt, but that several types of structure
. prevail in the order independent of that of the seed; the
Value of which has not been yet tested. It iscurious, that

_ When three petals alone are formed no extra stamen is deve-

loped.

l. Plant.
2. Alabast, lateral view, 2a front view of do.

_ 8. Flower, lateral and front views.

4. Flower, one outer sepal removed, shewing the opposi-

tion to it of a longer pair of stamens.

4a. Same, all sepals removed.

5. Petal with its basilar gland.

6. Stamina back and front.

8, 8. Ovulum and long section.

159. Youngish fruit.

.. 10. Do. long section.

— ll. Transverse of young seed.

. 12. Section of young seed shewing that the direction of ithe

__ Cotyledons takes place very early.

13. Situation and alternation of parts, a short stamin, 5

‘Cie, c petals and gland, d longer stamina.

582 . | CRUCIFERJE.
DRABA.
Drabe sp. Pl. DCXI. Itinerary Notes, p. 243, no. 364.

1. Plant largest sized specimen.

2.. Bud.

3. Flower open. :

4. Do. parts of envelopes spread out to shew the relative
situation of the stamina, etc. ;

5. Same calyx removed.

6. Same petals in situ.

7. Back view of anther.

8. Front do. after dehiscence.

9. Section of pistillum through placenta.

10. Transverse do.
11. Ovulum.

12. Fruit.

13. Do. dehisced.
'14. Seed.

15. Do. long section.
16. Embryo laterally.

17. Radical face of do.

18. Partium situs, a short stam., d long ditto, 5 sepals.

Oss. This species, unless my memory misleads me, is very
much like Draba verna.
| It has all the points of genuine Cruciferz, the glands are
irregular generally more or less wanting.

There can be no doubt, I think but that Cruciferz are 8 or
even 12-androns. Of the stamens, the outer series is com-
plete, although unequal, the second series is represented by
glands, and the third is half complete and represented by
two of the longer stamina, which are opposed to the lateral
sepals, and although in most cases it is not exactly defined,
which of the two are outer or inner, yet cases abundantly

occur which suggest that this may arise “from pressure, OF
two of the longer, may belong to two petals, the displace-

ý HOMALINEÆ. 583

.. ment depending upon causes, which are obvious in some
~ other plants.

In the pistillum there is nothing singular; the opposition
of the placentz to the stigmata can be as satisfactorily ac-
counted for, as the loculicidal dehiscence of certain fruit.
The production of the septum is curious, in as much as it
points out the extreme tendency in all the most perfect fami-
lies, to have bilocular fruit.

The natural divisions of Crucifere will probably be point-
ed out by the sensible properties, as much as by any thing
else

BEGONIACEJE.
Begonia.
. Begonie sp. Pl. DCXII.

Pedicel. peduncul. sepala hispida, ramentis reflexis vel pa-
tentissimis sanguineis, folia viridia.

HOMALIACEJE.
HonMaALINEA.

— Novum genus, Pl. DCXIII. Fig. I.

— Perianth. duplici serie 4- partitum, laciniis fimbHstin exter-
nis minoribus, glandulz 4, sepalis externis oppositis. Stam.
4 (internis opposit.) Styli 4. Orvar. nondum extum.
Arbor magna primo intuiti Henslovia pubescens referens,
= l. alterna stipulata, et partes novelle pubescentia, stipule,

idus, Panicule compositze racemiformes, axillares pen-
> æstiv. imbricat. Flores minuti viridescenti. ingrati *
odori, pedicellis medio-incrassatis et articulatis.

Homalinee, Pl. DCXIII. Fig. II.
*dicelli clavati, infra fructum in annulum dilatati.

s inferus, calyce omnino adnat. subturbinatus car-
Man, levis. . *

584 HOMALIACE. e

Calyce limbo 5-dentato calyce sinubus amplis discoque
magno carnoso hinc sepalis opposito cicatricibus petalorum i
majusculus 5 notat. hinc cicatricibus totidem (staminum) |
minoribus, sepalis alternantibus notat. medioque styli cicatrici
circulari, 1-locularis.

Placentz numero irregulares, potius axiles, liberz, septis
incompletis albis tenuissimis affixe, septis ad basin fructus
axin attingentibus an semper, semina 00, plurima abortientia,
subascendentia minuta,

Testa cellulosa crassiuscula, aque immersa superficia gela-

tinosa materia gelatinosa fibris irregularibus precursa, au sem-
per et an originantes e dislocatione parietum cellularum ?
Raphe chalazaque 0! Tegument internum membranaceum
brunneum vix urceolatum, areolis si conspicuis e pressione
cellulorum testz ortis, igiturque e sacculo embroyonifero
ortum,

Albumen farinaceum? deusum album.

Embryo axilis orthotropus viridis. Radicula infera lon-
gissima cotyl. duplo superans, cotyledones ovate plano-con-
vexiuseule approximate. Plumula inconspicua.

Planta singularis iterum examinand. e collibus Abor dictis
An Homalineis affinis, vix ovar. certe 4, 5 locular.

Upper Assam. Suddyah: July 15th, 1836.

BLACKWELLIA.
Blackwellie sp.

Arbuscula, inelegans, ramulis flexuosis petiolis foliisque
subtus pubescente hispidis, fol. alterna bistipulata breviter
, Petiolatis oblongo-ovatis basi cordatis breviter obtusque aca-
minatis grosse crenato-serratis, ^ Paniculis axillaribus fola
excedentibus velutinis, racemosis, racemis abbreviatis, pauci
foris, pedicellis basi articulatis bracteolatis flotibus inconap:

` cuis latescente albidis, stipulis ovatis membranaceis decidious .
Cal. tubo turbinat. ovario adnato limbo 8, 9 partito, laciniis :
lineari-subulatis, primo reflexis cito patentibus. ,

BLACK WELLIA. 585

Pet totidem i iis alternantia sinubus calycinis inserta spathu-
lato-obovata, pubescent longis ciliata,

Glandule 10 peryginz lutescentes ramosse rotundate seg-
siles ad bases sepalorum. i

Stam. petalorum numero dupla perigyna intus glandular
biseriata insert. seriei externe longiora, petalo cuique oppo-
sita! patentia primo erecta in super stigmata.

: Ovar. pilosissime, styli 5 filiform distincte, stigmato totidem
simplica.

Filam. subulata. Anth. reniformes didyme sinu affix. loculis
longitud. dehiscent. connectivum ampliatum carnosum. Pollen
oblonga leve hinc sulcata.

Ovar. calyce adnat. 1-loculare pluri-ovulat. intus przcipue
Placentus secus longe villosum, ovulis 00 pendulis, foram. su-
perum hilum versus, placentis parietalib. tot quot stylis affixa.

The placentz are confined to the roof of the ovarium, the
ovula, especially the lower are longly funiculate. Pl.
DLXXXV. A. Fig. X. Stam. and ovule.

Oss. Genus distinct, Ordinis Homalinear. aspectu Tiliace-
um, cum ordini certe affine, estivat. calycis valvat. Petalor. in-
üplicato-valvatum quodque par proprium staminum amplec-

; more Rhizophearum quarumdam. Au nove Niue.

Han, Mergue 1834.

CUCURBITACE Æ.
General Remarks.

Auniloeular fruit is the type of Cucurbitacee, as the
arium is in some which have a trilocular fruit, unilocular.
The attachment of the ovula is parietal in these, and the
brarently anomalous result arises from the growth of the :
ita inwards towards the axis where they subsequently
a and outwards among the ovula, and more or less be-

| 1 themselves, although traces of their original distinct se-

“on continue for some time ai Pl. DCXVI. Fig.
A. a, e,
This being the case an unilocular ovarium ought not to ex:

y3

586 CUCURBITACE.E,

cite our surprise, although the pendulousness of the ovula
from the apex of the ovarium, should. This therefore must
be introduced into the character of Actinostemma. The
lateral lobes of the placentze are alone ovuliferous, the ovula
are fixed to their outer surface as regards the carpellary leaf,
to the inner as regards the placenta: they are immersed.
This is their normal situation, so that judging from the early
state of the ovaria, there is nothing anomalous in their situa-
tion. The articulation of the pedicels is not a constant
character.

The completion of the raphe appears a. general character,
and this as in some others certainly does not appear to run
in the testa or outer integument.

In one instance an exceedingly fine membrane is inter-
posed between the nucleus and inner integument; of the
origin of this I am ignorant, not having had an opportunity
of examining the ovula until sometime after fecundation.
In this too, the tissue immediately surrounding each ovule,
is separable with the ovulum, and might be mistaken for an
additional integument.

This arilliform integument completely envelopes the seeds,
it is perforate alone at its base for the passage of the vessels
of the funicle.

In Coccinia there is no distinction of coats, nothing to in-
dicate any distinction of parts in the structure of the tube of
calyx, all the vessels too are on the same plane; at a very
early age the cavity of the ovary will be found occupied by
three wedge-shaped placenta, which even now have some-
what the appearance of inverted carpellary leaves. These
placenta correspond to as many stigmata, which are quite
distinct from each other, and also have an appearance as if
slighty folded outwards. :

Yet there are grave objections to the adoption of this
opinion, in the first place, it implies a simplicity of placenta
in a compound ovarium, and it requires that the spaces inter-
posed between the placentz, constituting the cavities

a la T TETN

GENERAL REMARKS 587

fruit, be considered as spaces between the carpellary leaves,
dependent on the inflexion of these, and it also requires that
the canals of communication between the stigmatic lines of
each leaf and its placentz shall not run down between the
margins of each leaf, but between the margins of contiguous
eaves.

The only thing in its favour is the appearance and dis-
tinctness of the stigmata, but intimate union between con-
tiguous stigmatic lines may exist at a very early period, we
must admit also that the styles are bilobed, but this is not an
E unen structure.

E There is nothing perhaps more fixed in Botany than the
E relation of the two surfaces of the leaf with the stem, all the
inversions are satisfactorily explainable. It is difficult I think,
to conceive how any inversion of an adherent scl mid leaf
| ۈn occur.
The whole of our ideas of adherent seston perhaps require

Modification. In Cactus the cavity of the ovarium is a cavity
B. in the flowering branch, the structure of which is otherwise
Precisely the same as that of the ordinary branches.
-. Or the calyx must be considered as highly imbricated,
each sepal producing the same bodies in its axille as the
: leaves do, but here also there is nothing whatever to point out,
that there is such adhesion, the structure is perfectly homo-
. geneous ; on this point too much attention cannot be paid to

Escholtzia, in which although the sepals are originally hypo-
ynus, they subsequently become lifted. up into perigynism
Y à growth of the torus round the lower part of the ovary.
he margin of this is also produced into a calycine rim.
: Coccinia is chiefy remarkable for the spurious subdivision
the fruit, The original placentæ are however , recog-
Sable at an advanced period, by attending to the direction
3 the seeds.
Few Structures could be more disguised than this, the
es between the placenta being completely filled up by

pi

*

588 CUCURBITACE.

dense white tissue and the placente themselves being divided
into as many partitions as there are seeds,

The ripe fruit is red except at the base, the septa of the
placentz have now a veiny appearance, they separate with
the seed, which nevertheless have the peculiar membranous
spurious arillus, filled with juice in immediate contact with
the seed. "The seeds have the usual appearance.

The original cellular placentze are still traceable, but now
consists of a mass of veins, ramified on the septa surrounding
each seed,

Such plants as Triceras, Actinostemma and Zanonia will
throw light on the true nature of the fruit. -

In the Kunkree Cucurbita, the obscuring circumstances
take place very early, for even when the bud of the female
flower is only 34 lines long; the Placentz fill the cavity of the
fruit, and have assumed their triangular shape Pl. DCXVII.
Fig. 1. a true stigma, 5 separable compound lobe, c limits of

the stigma. -

At this period, the resemblance they bear to an inverted
leaf is very striking, and the axis of the inner angle is occu-
pied by a developing vascular axis.

The stizmata at this period have acquired the form they
are to bear, as wéllas the cohesion, they separate into 3
lobes, (each of which is dilobed along the outer face).

The separable lobes correspond with the placenta, that is,
a line carried up along the inner angle of these will corres-
pond with their axes, impinging on the sinus of their lobes.
The perfect stigmata are remarkable enough, a transverse
‘section of each lobe shews that it represents a leaf rolled
outward, with its: margins curved, and placed in oppost-
tion. (See the lower figure.)

The. stigmatie surface occupies the whole innerface of
the lobe (as respects the axis) and also the whole of the ap-
parent outer surface itself, extending to the margins.

Stigmatic surface, and what is remarkable, presents hairs

The space formed by the incurvation is not occupied ee

GENERAL REMARKS. 589

similar to those found on the back of the style sparingly and

in immense numbers on the tube of the calyx.

These spaces, do not communicate with the placente.

The stigmatic canal has the usual structure: it is lined
with stigmatic tissue and presents 3 faces, and 3 round angles,
which angles correspond with the fissures between the separ-
ablé lobes.

The styles are very vascular possessing many fascicles, the
dilated part presents two converging and diverging from the
upper part of the style.

I believe in fact, that the sepárable lobes of the stigma are
in reality compound, that each style is bifid and each divi-'
sion expanded into a lamina curved outwards, and then in-
wards, These divisions mutually cohere, simulating a ae
of a true stigma,

For the lines of communication with the stigmatic canal
alternate with these lobes, the lobes themselves have no
. Central vascular axis which they would have, did they cor-
.. respond with the midrib of the leaf.

It is curious that if such explanation be correct, the nature
of the inflexion of the style, in its expanded part will corres-
pond in a considerable measure with that of the carpellary
leaf, as seen in the very young states of Coccinia indica.
It follows that if this be the case Dr. Wights hypothesis
Cannot be correct, for that necessarily requires that the midrib
‘shall correspond with the axis of the placentze.
— ]t is nota little remarkable that the apparent inversion
.. 9f the carpellary leaf should be so continued in the dila
-Part of the style.

My ideas of the stigmata of this plant (the kunkree) are re-
presented i in the annexed diagram, Pl. DCXVII. Fig. II. a,
4, a midrib, b ditto, c direction of the line of convolution,
style with vessels, e stigma. `
- In Gardenia there is an evident tendency to dilatation of
the Styles, which are in their upper part battledore-shaped,
ley are slightly bilobed, the stigmatic tissue occupies the

590 CUCURB!TACEJ£

whole inner face, running down in a gradually widening line
from the place where the convolution becomes less.

This plant is worth noticing from the apparent total inco
poration of the filaments with the tube of the corrola, as well
as from the change in color of this, from green to yellow at
the point of attachment of the anthers. Then the whole in-
ner surface of tube is roughish. ie

[In Alpina allughas Pl. DCXVII., Fig.
situs, and transverse section of the ovarium, on the right of
Fig. V.) there are some appearances as if the labellum was
made up of the three stamina that ought to be opposed to

the outer perianth.

The two abortive stamina alternate with the anticous of
the outer perianth, or in other words, are opposed to the
two lower ones of the inner perianth.

If this is correct the lateral inner stamina will be repre-
seated by the rounded lateral lobes of the labellum, the anti-
cous one will be marked out by the two dark red lines, and
it will be bipartite as in the posticous perfect one.

There is as much reason for supposing the carpellary leaves
to be reversed as there is in Cucurbitacea.

Supplementary cells exist in Funkia, the habit of which
is entirely Amaryllideous Pl. DCXVII. Fig. V.

(partis

Of the nature of these slit-shaped cells I am not certain,
but from the disposition of the central tissue as regards the,

ovuliferous cells, I am almost disposed to treat them as Sup-
plementary. :

I must however observe that no trace of them exists in
the style, which appears to entirely belong to the fertile
ones.

It is also obvious that they may be nothing more than

the spaces between the carpellary leaves not filled up, al-
though it would be more likely from analogy to find out
such interstitial spaces towards the circumference, than to-
wards the centre. . : ee

LUFFA. 591

It is singular that by transmitted light it looks just like
the tissue lining the cell, there is a tendency in the slits to
pass outwards above near the base of the style, and to become
more distant from the outside the further they proceed. They
gradually disappear below. At the base, the venation is well
Shown by the curve of the placentary vessels.

Inthis, when an outer additional lacinia is developed so
also is an additional locule of the ovary.]

Lvrra.

Luffa acutangula.

Scandens scabra, caulis angulatus, fol. ambitu reniformia
cordata sub 7-loba, mucronato-dentata basi 5-venia.

Cirrhi ramosi hinc petiolis sub adjecta.

Bractea magna carnosa a qua maxima glandulis calliformi-
bus praedita, postica vel supera cuique inflorescentize adest.

Inflorescentia videtur vere terminalis. Flores masculi,
Tacemosi supera quoad feminea, racemo spithamza vel do-
drantale. 3

Pedicelli infra medium articulati bracteoque carnosa glan-

dulosa, plus minus pedicella (infra articul.) connata suf-

Calyx tubus conicus, lacinjis DE A 3-veniis æs-
ut tivatione valvatis.

Cor, rotata laciniis profundis obovato-cuneatis 5-venosis.
ZEstivatione imbricata marginibus valde inflexis, basi albo-
pilosa,

Stam. 5, Filament. unico singulo sepalo opposita, dua petalis
opposita profunde bipartita.

'. Connectivum omni dilatatissime lobatum.

Anthere maxime uniloculares pre aliis sinuate, loculis
| Eni.

Torus glandulosus cyathiformis calycis fundum occupans.
Rudim, fem, centrale conicum,

*

592 CUCURBITACE A.

Pollen sphzrica leve maximum sub Onagraroideum triporo-
sum.

Flos. femineus solitarius inter racemum et cirrhum. Pedi-
cello inarticulato biunciali.

Calycis tubus adnatus omnino longissima cylindricus, laci-
niis lanceolatis glandulis elevatis sparsis, zestivatione valvatis.

Cor. rotata 5-petala, ezeterum ut in mare. Stam. rudimenta
5 filamentis toro inserta ut in masculo sed minoribus autheris
orbatis.

Stylus cylindricus glaber. Stigmata tria maxima velutino-
papillosa sublunulata.

Ovarium solidum, placentis 3 nempe centro coalitis, parti-
bus ovuliferis tantum non-coherentibus ovula immersa trans-
versa.

Styli vasc. fasc. 9 nempe uni 3, uno centrali rotun-
_ dato, 2 laterali oblongis transverse. |
Mas. Cor. rotata. Stam. 5-tria adelpha, adelphis duobus
bipartitis. Antherz sinuatie.
> Fas. Cal. tubus cylindricus. Cor. 5 petala, stam. abor-
tiv. 5.
Stigmata 3-lunulato reniformia.

Oss. There is some reason for supposing the Cirrhi of this
to be modified petioles in spite of.their laterality, because their
divisions correspond in number to the veins of the leaves!
This however does not apply to*some, as the following Tri-
chosanthes, in which the leaves are 3-veined, the Cirrhi 2,
or 3-partite. Look whether any Cucurbits with oue vein
have divided Cirrhi. ;

Lufa fetida, Pl. DCXVL. Fig. I. Development of the

ollen.

l. Alabast, 13 line long, cells of anther filled with a sub-
coherent mass yet separable by pressure, outline of
distinct, all entirely filled with grumous matter, earlier
than this, the mass is not separable, nor are the cell
distinct. :

*

32. ass easily separable from the anther, still cohering

cells |

TRICHOSANTHES. 593

as to its component parts, cells distinct partially occu-
pied by the grumous matter.

3. 24 lines long, cells slightly coherent, nucleus ternarily
divided.

4. Same, under slight pressure, which ruptures the cells
the grumous matter escapes, shewing that each portion
of the original nucleus contains in a distinct cell.

5. Rather more advanced, grumous nucleus separate.

6. Pollen, as it subsequently exists, but free from gra-
nules. ,

7. More advanced, 4 lines long, the appearance of ternary
division results from the folding of the outer membrane ;
in Hie centre of each transparent line, is situated the

8. 5 is long, folds disappeared.

9. Perfect pollen.

Fig. II. Alabast. without the ovary, 4 lines long.
Fig. III. Alabast. 1 inch long.

Fig. IV. Alabast. 21 inch long.

Fig. V. Perfect.

'TRICHOSANTHES.

Trichosanthes sp.

= Scandens, strigosa, caule sulcato, fol. cordatis acuminatis
Rücronato.dentz atis, sinu profundo, lobis erectis basi triveniis,

“St Submollibus, Cirrhi lateralis bipartita.

"cemi interpetioles et cirrhes terminales? folia superant,

Aa nudiusculi.

: Bractegs flores fulcientes spathulate dentate. Pedicellis

5 minus coherentibus.

: Mas, Cal. tubus longissimus clavatus laciniis 5 lanceola-

PU MS rur EY vum PP IS

Cor, rotata laciniis lineari-lanceolat. 3-veniis, ima basin
tis medium capillacea fimbriatis zestivat. valvata, fim-

infiexis omnia inclusis. .
r

594 CUCURBITACER.

Stam fauci calycis inserta tria fertilia, tubo versus sita fili-
formia. :

Filam dua binatim composita, petalis tertio libero unico
sepalo opposita brevia glabra.

Anthere due biloculares, apice subpilosze filam tertia uni-
loculares extrorsz, loculis angustis, biflexuosis, Connectivum
apice conicum. Pollen albidum globosum leve triporosum.

Corpora 2-3 filiformia vel omnino adnata tubo vel apice
libera, an stylorum rudimenta.

BRYONIA.
Bryonie sp.

Planta herbacea repens scandensque pilis longis rigidis his-
pida subpungentibus.

Rami sulcato-angulati, vernatione gyrata.

Cirrhi hine petiolis adjecti, simplices. Folia longiuscule
petiolata palmatim 5-loba. deltoideo-cordata, sinuato-dentata
rugosa, hirsuta tactu scaberrima, basi sub 5-venia. Flores
monoici feminei pauci in axillis aggregati breviter pedicel-
lati parvi inconspicui.

Calycis pars adhzrens ovatis, hispidissima supra ovar.
quam maxime constricta, czeterum campanulata, laciniis 5-6
lnearibus, angustis reflexis. Flos. masculus interdum cohe-
sionem binabis.

Corolla lutea 5.6 eig petalis ovatis fauci insertis, laciniis
calycis brevioribus sub 8-veniis utrinque breviter pilosis et
dorso secus centrum pilis longioribus hispidis.

Glandula magna carnosa, annuliformes, stylo basin cingit.

Stamen rudimenta tria ad sunt calycis tubo medium versus
petalis sub opposita, pubescentia.

Stylus clavatus brevis inclusus stigma magnum celluloso-
rugosum 3-lobum, lobis subcordatis compositis ideoque pla-
centis opposita,
varium uniloculare, placentis compositis approximatis
DCXVI. Fig. VIL.b.

VITATE ERR, WS RR IA ee E

BRYONIA. ` 595

- Stigmata sepius una reniformia et ovar. l-locul. placentis
2 compositis.

Ovula pauca transversa in placentis immersa, foramen
hilum prope, et oblique introrsum spectans. Tegumenta
bina discreta, nuclei apex mammilliforme. Placentz cavita-
tis superficies incrassata.

Fructus baccatus rubro-coccineus cerasi parvi magnitu-

ine oblongo-rotundatus in pedicellis inarticulato apice ar-
ticulatus subglaber, apice calycis basi ima subapiculatus 1-
locularis.

- Ovule sacculo embryonari-caudata.

Semina O00 sed parvum numerosa transversa in pulpa
aquoso lactearum nidulantia sacculo arilliform carnoso-mem-
branaceo clauso inclusa ovula, lzevia albida.

Raphe inconspicua, completa chalaza indistincta.

" Tegument. exterius (testa) crassum coriacea induratum
intus membrana cellulosa, (teg. interiore ovuli) vestit. mi-
_Cropyle inconspicua.
... Tegment. interius nucleare membranacea tenue vestit. al-
tero tenuissimo (e sacculo embryonare) orto albumen nul-
(lum.
. .. Cotyledones plano-convexiuscule carnosæ elliptice basi
emarginata, Radicula conicum, hilum prope. . Plumula in-
. COnspicua.
- Flores masculi dispositi ut feminea sed in axillis distinc-
tis,
Cal. campanulatus.

. . Cor, campanulata magis evoluta petala basi breviter con-
. Mata.

X Stam. tria tube calycis apicem versus inserta, 2 composita
binatim petalis opposita, tertio (vel vero quinto) singulo se-
palo opposit. |
| Filam. brevia glabra, connectivo in apiculo brevi product.
Medio supero affix. Anthere extrorse, lateraliter dehis-
centes, singula vel discreta quoad filam. obliquum uniloculares,
alie biloculares, squilatere ; connectivis apice bifidis, omni

u

TANG SN yee RUNE cp ee ee

FER

596 CUCURBITACEE,

barbatz vel hispidæ, pilis conico-subulatis infra succo flavo
turgidis. Pollen flavum 3-angulatam glabrum Onagraroideum.

Rudiment. Fem. carnosa globosa.

Filament composit. fasciculi duo approximatis.

Antherze compositze sunt, in vasorum fasciculorum centrale
petiolorum cum opposita sunt! fasciculis propriis nullis ! an-
thera discreta simplex.

The truth is however, as I have observed in one case, that
the filaments of all have distinct nutriment fascicles, but in
the compound ones these are so closely united to the central
one of the opposed petal, that they are not distinguishable
until they reach the base of the filament.

Of whatever genus this really is, it comes excessively
close to Leucocodon, which differs only so far as the
male flowers, and the fruits are concerned, in all the an-
thers (3) being bilocular, and in the pollen, I hare pro-
bably mistaken, the anthers which can scarcely be three,
and all bilocular.

Has. Khasyah Mounts. Ad ripas Kundul: Sep. 3rd,

ZANONIA.

Remarks on the Genus. Pl. DCXVII. Figs. III. VI.

Neither the fruit or flower of Zanonia appears to have
been described. with the requisite accuracy.

In a species lately brought to me, the fruit, is oblong cla-
vate with a flat truncate apex, marked by three lines pro-
ceeding from the obscure angles of its margin to the centre.
About two lines below the apex is an annular cicatrix, it is
one-celled with three large fleshy triangular placenta tapering
below, but enlarged above.

The seeds are two in each of the cells formed by the meet-
ing of the placenta in the axis, they are truly pendulous,
attached to placenta about opposite the annulus, they se o
long compressed, surrounded by a wing, narrow on the ma^ —

ZANONIA . 597

gins of the body of the seed, but produced at either end into
an expansion as long as the body of the seed itself. The
seed otherwise has I think the ordinary characteristic struc-
ture, except the commissure of the cotyledones is very indis-
tinet, and only to be recognised in a very thin transverse sec-

n.

The dehiscence takes place along the 3 lines visible in the
E flat summit: and the 3 valves so formed, which are internally
thick and fleshy at first, and as it were continuous with the
placenta, become by the drying of the tissues, inflexed.

The remarkable points, and such as I would enter in the
generic character, are the three large elongated triangular
placentze, the 3-valvular dehiscence of the apex, the inflexion
of the valves, binary and winged seeds.

= According to Arnott's definition the wing of the seed is
considered as of secondary importance, but to me it ap-
pears remarkable, not only because 1 know of no tendency
. to the formation of a wing in any plant of the order known
. to me, but because in many, the margin in Zanonia so much
developed, is channelled or grooved deeply, so that I would
rather have expected two wings, one on either side of the
actual margin, than such a one as exists in Z iionia.
.. The seeds of cucurbitacea, so far as I know present either
à blunt simple margiu, or a grooved one, the first may per-
haps be taken as an argument against a tendency to be
: Winged, the second would seem to indicate,the possibility of
the occurrence of two wings, in either case Zanonia is re.
markable,
Capsula infra apicem annulata, imo apice trivalvis demum
Valvis inflexis placentæ trigonæ maximæ. Semina two cuique

Placentæ pendulæ, marginatæ alatæ.

Fig. II. rm
l. Very young flower bud.
7. Shews the stigmata and placentz, the spaces between the

598 CUCURBITACER,

stigmata corresponding to the narrow slit-shaped spaces

between the placenta,
3. Same laid open, shews the correspondence of the stig-
mata with the placentz, a, a, a curious processes, form-
ing a sort of annulus of which I am quite ignorant.
Transverse section of the same, there is no peculiarity
between it and other young placenta, except that the
placentz are so approximated as to occupy all the ovary.
Shews correspondence between stigmata and placentz,
in the developed bud, the stigmatic lines are now conti-
nuous, a, the line of passage inwards of the stigmatic
tissue, and between the placenta.
Shews the same, but in this, what I consider the true
stigma is opposite us, a line of inflextion. ;
| 4. Transverse section of same with reference to no. 5.

June 16h, 1841.

In Zanonia each stigma belongs to its own carpel, but in
Coccina it belongs to different carpels, see Pl. DCXVII. Fig.
VI. The margins thus stigmatic have no connection neces-
sarily with the placenta.

e

T

m

Zanonia clavigera, Pl. DCXVII. Fig. IV.

Flores (feminei) virides, ovarii clavata more fere Caryophil-
lorum) articulato in pendicellum brevissimum suffultum brac-
tea obsoleta. |

Sepala 3, raro 4, 2 binatim composita, paullo majora, bive-
nia, tertium univenium, semi-rotundata marcescent. Petala
5, carnosa, ochroleuca intus papillosa cordato-ovata zestiva-
tione valvata acutiuscula caduca.

Stam. sterilia glandiformia 5, situ parum regularia (not
always present, when so, they may be taken into account for
ascertaining the situation of the sepals, to which they will be
opposite.) s

Ovarium obsolete angulatum glaberrimum £ inferior, 1 above
the attachment of the floral envelopes, trigouum, et planum,
lineis tribus ex angulis ad centrum currentibus notatum.

ZANONIA. 599

These lines run into styles, diverging towards their apices,
-the space occupied by stigmatic tissue.

Styli ad anguios siti, brevissime, stigmata totidem exactly-
like short ram’s horns inflexed.

Ov. triloculare, ovula cujusque locula bina, pendula ab
apice, l utrinque fissura (incompletz junctionis) ordinis,
memb, inter collum proficiens, the cell is opposite the flat faces
not practically existing, owing to the size of the placentz,
which starting from a narrow attachment at the angles, fill
the whole cavity, being besides mutually closely adhering,
. This triangular mass, so resulting, presents traces of compo-
sition in the shape of the usual lines* «indicating placentary
composition, which lines are alternate with the angles. To-
wards the points of union in the axis, each presents a
transverse subreniform mark of vascular fibrous tissue.

At the apex of these composition lines are found the ovula,
One on either side, a short distance below the base of the styles,
Ee closely appressed to the mass of placenta. Now in
is case it would seem that the cells of the ovariam correspond
48 usual with the styles, that the ovula are attached to the
Margins of the placenta, which are produced inwards into a
Confluent mass, the study of the development will alone shew
Whether this is the proper explanation, or whether the pla.
nta in this are continuations of the axis, united along
Certain lines to the carpel leaves.

Or we may take the parts between the styles as the carpel
p leaves, which also appear to be indicated by the lines in the
Vertex of the ovarium.

. In this case, the placentz will have contracted an adhesion

With the midrib or centralline of the leaf, and the stigmata
of each carpellum will be completely separat

* These lines correspond with the styles, and so with the stigmata,
often the centre of the cells a the ovarium corresponds with thg

b^ * Three lines of composition remaining instead of six, and these lines
Shewing the lines of union of the placente of the same carpellum, the
: — being quite deficient.

600 CUCURBITACE.£.

I have no doubt, but that the styles and stigmata occupy
their usual place i. e. the dorsum of the leaf, and that the furrow
running along the venter of the style, which dilates above, giv-
ing exit to the stigmatic tissue, is the ventral suture, and that
the ovula are attached to the margins of this, at the apex of
the cavity of the ovary, and that below this, the placente of
the same carpel are united, but still present traces of composi-
tion, and that the only anomaly, if it is one, is that there is
no trace of the composition of the placentz of the contigu-
ous carpels.

In this case the situation of the vasc. bundles of placental
mass is proper, that *is belonging to the margins, (being
compound necessarily.)

If the other explanation that the spaces between the styles
are the carpel leaves, be assumed, then the line of inflection
ceases to be margin, or ratheris not along the axis of
the leaf, asi the case, and the placentze arise from the
midrib, and bear the ovula, which would be all quite contrary
toanalogy ; and what is still more important, the stigmatic tis-
sues, in this case compound, would have no theoretical con-
nection even in direction with the ovula or placentz, but a
line continued downward would traverse the centre of the
ovarial cell.

Pl. DCXVII. Fig. IV.

1]. Female flower.

2. Same petals removed or fallen off.

3. Apex of female flower seen vertically, shews the com-
position of the sepal, the sterile stamens and appearance
of the apex of ovarium. The situation of the 5th, or
simple sepal not ascertained properly.

4. Long section of upper part ovarium, a fissure of —
ginal non-cohesion, 5 cell} c ovulum.

5. One of the cells cut away up the back of the style,
shews the fissure of non-cohesion, and situation of ovula.

ACTINOSTEMMA. 601

6. Transverse section of ovarium, corresponding in situa-
tion with fig. 3, close to insertion of envelopes.
. 4. Another of same much lower down, and below the
ovula,
8. An ovulum.
9. The same outer tegument for the most part removed.

ACTINOSTEMMA.

Pls. DCXIV. DCXV.

Planta dioica. Herbacea annua scandens. '

i Caules elongati, angulati sulcati, crassite penne corvine,
_ parce puberuli, tenera succulenta plant fæminæ multo ma-
gis evoluta.

Folia alterna longiuscula petiolata, exstipulata, juniora cor-
dato-hastata, 3-loba, lobis lateralibus, subbilobatis, grosse
dentata, dentibus mucrona terminalis, dentibus basilaribus
Singulis, vel binis utrinque glanduliferis, acuminata, saturato-

| viridia utrinque ad venas puberulo hirta, basi palmata 3-venia,
= venis lateralibus cito bifurcatis secondariis inconspicuis mutuo
| . 4rcuatim anastomosantibus, pagina ceterum areolata reticu-
LE lata, infera tantum stomatosa.

| Petioli sesuncialis supra canaliculato-puberula.

Cirrhi solitarii hinc basi petioli quasi adjecto, spiraliter
torta, apice bipartita.

Inflorescentia utriusqus sexus axillaris, mascula racemoso-
Paniculata. Paniculis filiformibus elongatis folia fulcientia
aliquoties excedentibus ab ima basin ramosis, ramo sæpe
quante, sulcatis puberulis, ramis divaricatis racemosa pluri-

ris,
Bractea subulata minuta ad basin cujusque divisionis et
cujusque pedicelli.

icelli medium infra articulati, si solitarii semper hinc
basin rudimenta alternis stipata, puberula parte infra articu-

AA

602 CUCURBITACE Æ.

Flores caduci, inconspicui, viridii lutescentes, inodori, evolu-
tione centrifugi.

Cal. rotatus profunde 5-partitus, laciniis basi obsolete sac-
ratis, lineari-lanceolatis acuminatissimis patentissimis, acumi-
nib. subrecurvis, extus puberulis, univeniis, cstivatione valva-
tis.

Pet. 5 sepalis alternantia, fundo calycis inserta breviter
unguiculata e basi lanceolata acuminatissima patentissima,
univenia, zestivatione subimbricata, ungue et limbi ima basin
cum calyce cohzrente, marginibus ut etiam. sepalorum glan-
duloso-denticulatis.

Stam. 5 imo fundo calycis inserta, omnino discreta, sepalis
opposita, inclusa. Filamenta breviuscula filiformia.

Connectivum glanduloso-papulosum, viride. Anthera ad-
nat uniloculares extrorse, longitudinaliter dehiscentes.

Pollen luteum lanceolatum plicatum, immersum globosum
granulosum ; plicis expansis membrana interna apparent.

Rudiment femin nullum.

Flores feminei racemosi, racemis paucifloris szpius uni-
floris, flora unico in omnibus tantum evoluto. Pedicelli
florem prope articulata, bracteze ut in mare Calycis tubus
subglobosus verrucosus, limbus corollaque ut in mare sed
ciniz magis reflexe, sepius caduca interdum marcescunt et
serius labuntur.

Stamina ut in mare sed minora interdum castrata.

Ovaria 2, 3 inferum, parte libera conica verrucosula, 1-lo-
culare. Placentz punctiformes, nulla septa.

.. Ovula 2, 4, sepius 4 pendula ab apicem loculi, si 4 bina
ab utroque qm Foramen superum hilum prope. Tegu-
menta bina distincta, interum inclusuin.

Stylus crassus brevis, leviter complanatus demum am-
liatus, parce puberulus, stigmata bina approximata hippo-
crepidiformia, vasorum fasciculi plures, 3, 4 minores circa
atus externis unici majores centrales dispositi, styli centrum
omnino evasculosum.

Fructus pendulus, - (pedicello infra articulam gracili, mr

à ACTINOSTEMMA. 603

Incrassato, petiolo breviore) ovatus obtusissimus apicem ver-

sus leviter attenuatus, apice stigmata reliquis minimas spha-

celatus gerens, aculeis viridibus complanatis et præ-
sertim annulum infra valde echinat. apice subglaber, tactu
levi ad annulum circumscissus! unilocularis 2, 4 spermus,
mesocarpium celluloso spongiosum crassum album, rugoso.

Endocarpium cellulo-membranaceum tenuissimum, e cel-
| lulis angustis quam maxime irregularibus forma situque con-

» Superficiei intus rugosa.

Placentz obsoletissimze, septa szepius nulla, rarius obsole-
tissima,
—.. Semina 2, 4 ssepius, 4 pendula atro-brunnea, demum brun-
Réscente tactu saponacea, valde complanata, superficie valde
-irregulare rugosaque hinc utrinque profunde sulcatis, margi-
: nibus varie dentatis, hilum minima micropyle parum cons-

"Testa fragilis, diploe alba cellulosa, margines versus crassa.

Tegumentum interius celluloso-spongiosum album super-

lé venoso-reticulatum et exaratum, venis e raphe fere com-

: pleta utrinque ramos exserente ortis, irregulariter divisis sæ-

. pius distinctos, interdum mE er. inferioribus ceteris

a c longioribus.

. egumenta 3tiam (nucleare) tenuissimum celluloso-mem-
um leve, hinc apice longiuscula apiculato excepto,

- adnatum,

Albumen nullum.

Embryo i inversus, quoad fructu, orthotropus quoad semen.

- Cotyledons ovales carnose —plano-convexiuscule, faciebus

laterioribus seminis parallele, ideoque raphi alternantes.

te conica acuta breviuscula, basi utrinque breviter

auriculat, bated hilum prope.

; conspicua.

Adest etiam membrana tenuissime inter cotyledones, ob co-

*rledoues i initio divaricatissima.

tis membrane is nothing but the sri cellular - por-

x the enibryouary t sac that intervenes necessarily be-

PEG UTC SR DS e eue ie i m URS de Re SERS eRe Sayan SENT ed md da Sa ary SR S Cu Ia eye re ee Go B REP EU QUE ET T RD VIS EN I IRE RE NE EUER RET POTETE TTE PERUPPTETCUENIT a a UNE ERREUR cR TUR RETE TENER:
eee een ees x gor es : BG, 23 s 3
He

604 CUCURBITACE£.

tween the cotyledons, which are in their young stages very
divarcate.

Huic genus proximum constituit planta cujus mas. hucus-
que tantum visa. Scandens teuer, petiolis canaliculatis margi-
nibus canalicule dense ciliatis, foliis ternatis, foliolis laterali-
bus binatim divisis, cirrhis hinc petiolis adnatis simplicibus vel
bipartitis, floribus masculis paniculatis, paniculis compositis
folia szepius longe excedentibus, calyce 5-partito, laciniis bre-
vibus obtusis. Petalis lanceolatis acuminatissimis, stamini-
bus monadelphis, filamentis omnino connatis, antheris unilo-
cularib.

Pl. DOXV.

1. Male alabastrum very young.

2. Ditto more advanced.

3. Ditto a little before expansion.

4, Ditto one sepal removed from the base of its free portion.

5, Stamen of ditto lateral view.

6. Ditto front view.
7. Ditto back view.
8. Pollen.

9. Ditto immersed.

10. Lateral view of male flower.

11. Ditto vertical view.

12. Stamina of ditto and the base of the calyx and corolla.

33. Very young fruit. 13a. ditto long section, one ovula in

135. Ovulum, 13c ditto long section, 13d ditto its em-
bryonary sac with its long membranous tube, 13 ditto
with apex of nucleus.

14. Young fruit,

I5. Ditto nearly mature.

16. Ditto mature dehisced.

17. Ditto upper portion with the seeds in situ.

18. Seed outer view, 18a ditto inner, 18, ditto lateral.
19. Ditto long section. |

20. Embryo.

ee a ee ee ee

ACTINOSTEMMA, 605

2]. Ditto one cotyledon removed.

22. Radicle and plumula, removed with a portion of curious
growth of one cotyledon, resembling a rudimentary
convolute leaf.

23. Long section of seed, embryo removed, a testa, 5 its
white diploe, c nucleary spungy membrane, lined by
the embryonary sac excessively fine, the free apiculate
apex of which is seen at d,c second integument,
on its surface, but not ramified in it, are the vessels of
the testa, d free apex of the nucleary membrane, this

; adheres in other parts slightly to the second integument.

Pl. DCXIV. |

l. Female flower lateral.

2, 8. Two views of the same, perianth removed.

4. Transverse seetion of style.

5. Longitudinal section of ovarium, parallel to the stigmas.

_ 6. Ovulum of ditto.

7. Do. long section, 6a 4 ovula in situ, raphe alternately
situated inwardly.

8. Young fruit, just after fall of perianth.

8a. Ovula of do., 85 do. long section.

. 9. Young fruit, long section of.

9a. Ditto ovula removed, 95 ovulum of do. long section.

9c. Apex of nucleus of do., this has a long apiculus, and

seems to be traversed by a canal, to its apex is attached
no doubt portion of a pollen tube. The embryonary

= sac for the most part is exposed.
10. Long section of ovula more advanced, embryo just ap-

pearing, z
ìl. Do. still more advanced, 11a embryonary sac of do.
114, Embryo removed.
| 2a. Embryo, 6 nucleus now much reduced in dimensions,
. . €testa, d inner integument, e Embryonary sac filling
the cavity of the nucleus and itself, entirely with cellular

606 CUCURBITACE.

Has. Chykwar in sylvis infra articulatis, Assam name
Temeejoora.
et, estivatione gyrata vel incurvato-involuta, loiter im-
bricata. Fl. masc.
Calycis laciniæ breves. Pet. lanceol. acuminatissima, æs-
tiv. involuta. Stam. monadelpha.
Planta scandens. Habitu Cissi vel Vites.

TRICEROS.

Scandens glaberrima, foliis longe petiolatis pedalis reptenis
foliolis lanceolatis inciso-serratis dentibus mucronulatis
cirrhis oppositifol. sæpius simplicibus apice petioli puberulo.

Fl. fem. fasciculat. longe pedunculat. calycis laciniis 5
subulatis persistent. petalis 5 ovatis acutis, styli 3 apice bifidis.

Fructu subtrigono-campaniformi apice, truncato plano.
Stylis 3 persistentibus cornuto apice dehiscente l-loculo, ex
abortivum unius seminis dispermo, seminibug® crassis ob-
longis margine incrassatis rugosis nigris amarissimis.

masc. racemosis, in apice ramorum sæpius difoliora-

torum, quasi axillaribus sicut paniculam longissimam . for-

mantibus, fl. breviter pedicilllatis pentameris sepalis petalis-

que pubescentibus viridescentibus ut in fem. Stam 5 liberis.
AB. Himalaya near Budrinath, M. Edgeworth.

Dzscnir. Perianth. basin versus coalit. planum IO-partitum,
sepala 5 lanceolata acuminata denticulata. Pet 5 alternant.
pluries majora sepalis lanceolato-acuminata, margine denticu-
lato fimbriata, 1-venia, venia 2 lateralibus dimidiatis abortivis.
Pagina processubus cellulosis.

Stam. 5 basin ima connato in discum i Aeria planam
carnosam, extrorsa, sepalis opposita. Filamenta crassa bre-
via, evasculosa antherz terminales vel uniloculares, fissa ex-
trorsum dehiscentes vel bilocellate. Pollen glabrum.

Rudiment fzm. 0.

Flos. fzzmineus, 10-partitus, tubo perianth oblongo-clavat.
laciniis linearibus reflexis, sepalis duplo brevioribus angustis-

TRICEROS. 607

simis. Pet. longissim. acuminatis, discus styloram basin con-
jungens planus carnos. Styli 3 sepalis oppositi, duobus in-
curvis simplicibus. Stigmatibus 2 setaceis recurvis.

.. Fructus late clavatus, apice quasi truncat. cornubus tribus
(estylis induratis) recurvis, capsularis, extus venosus, in-
terveniis celluloso-reticulatis.

Semina 2 pendula, 3tio abortient. oblongo-quadrat. com-
pressiuscule utrinque rapheos margine clavato rugoso.

Raphe completa, simplex? Testa coriaceo chartaceo. Em-
bryo ordinis.

Sepalis evasculo-cellulosis. Pet. vasculo-centrale complete,
lateral. incomplete dimidiatis.

Planta volubilis cirrhifera, habitu Cis, fol. carnosiusculis
pedalis, foliolis angustiuscule dentatis lanceolatis. Racemis
flor. fem. nutant. Ducis: bracteis linearibus subsimplici-
bus, flor. masculor. longe et anguste epp

Stam rudim 0, in flora femineo. Styli 2, 1 sepalis 4 petalis

.. 9pposit. 3tio petalo omnino opposito.

. . Oss. On what principle is an anther like thia explainable ?
- The bilocillate form is riducible to the genuine bilocular (qua-

. drilocellate) by assuming the secondary septa to be deficient.

And the only manner I know to reduce the genuine uni-

. locular anther to the ordinary type, is to assume the anthe-

. Tal leaflet margins as entirely coalescent.

The true modification of anthers requires examination. It

48 at once obvious, that a quadrilocellate anther cannot be well

*Xplained if we assume the lines of dehiscence as correspond-

ing to the lines of inflection of the margins of the leaf. To

explain them in that way, 4 leaflets are required for each
and all on the same plane, which is contrary to analogy.

_ The septa are the last things formed probably y having a

3 different origin and analogy.

zd

608
GUTTIFERA.
CALOPHYLLUM.
1. Calophylli sp.

Calophyllum, glabrum gemmis ferrugeis puber except. fol.
oblonga, in petioli attenuata obtusissime margine undulata,
racemis sæpius 2 3 fasciculatis, foliis dupl. triplo brevior,
floribus suboppositis, sepal. petal. duplo minorib.

Ramuli compressi, virides. Petiola 6-7 linealis : lamina ob-
longa, obtusa basi attenuata coriacea margine subundulata
venatio solita 5-6 uncialia long. lat. 2 uncial. patentia venatio
solita.

Racemi axillares, foliis brevioris vix ultra digitum longe
sepius 2, 3 fasciculat., raro solitaria albida. ^ Pedunculus
tetragonus compressus major centralis supra medium ramosus,
foriger subglabris erectus pgiecit 3, 4 lineali subquemque

squamiformes, ;

Flores parvi, albi adoratissimi szepius solitarii. Perianthium
reflexum.

Sepala 4 oblonga concava petaloidea.

Petala 4 obovato-rotundata concaviuscula diplo minora.

Stam. 00, petalis subduplo breviora filamenta filiformia basi
subcoalita, Antheræ oblongo-ovatæ, bilocul. longit. dehis-
centes.

Ovarium globosum, viride, glabrum parietibus crassis. l-

loculare. Stylus filiformis, robustus stamina longiora paullo

excedent flexisosus. Stigma discoideum. Ovulum l basi
loculi affixum, atropum.

This appears to approach C. Bintangor in the shape of the
leaves, but judging from Wights Monog. of the Indian species
is not deseribed,

GARCINIA. 609

2. Calophyllum Inophyllum.
F

Arborea. Paniculis axillaribus terminalibusque pedunculis

pedicellisque albis, floribus albis, suavissime odoratis, odóra
. tosacez, antheris luteis. Ovarium rubescens. `

Cal. 4-sepalus, sepalis petaloideis 2 interioribus antici-

posticisque majoribus in petalis sæpe abeuntibus.

Pet. totidem sepalis alternantia, æstivatio imbricata,

Stam. 00, polyadelpha, adelph. ima basin coalitis. 1 vel
plura et tunc angustiora staminib. aliquod nempe abortivis.
Filam. libera subulata, apicibus viridescentibus. Anth ob-
longe bilocul. longit. dehiscentes. Pollen ovatum leve
hinc sulcatum. Stylus filiformis, stigma peltatum sub 3-an-
gulare, ovarium 1-loculare l-ovulat. ovulo erecto foramen in-
conspicua hilum prope
— Pil. DLXXXV. A. Fig. IV. Ovula at a much later period,

bud about 3 developed.
At an m period the foramen is distinct as are likewise
_ the coats of the ovule, the primine is very thick and gru-
. mous, which renders the secundine and nucleus still more
difficult to be seen.

Has. Mergue an culta. ——— ;

GARCINIA.
: Gar "cini

-Arboreà 30 pedalis, ramulis pendentibus viridibus, fol.
lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolata obtusis, subrepandis coriaceis

rminalib. 3-4 aggregata, in —— petioloram circiter
longitudinis.

Sepal 4 rotundata, 2 ssteribe, cum pedicellis rubro-san-
tineis interior ochroleucis, nervo medio, rubro-sanguineo.
R et. 4 subæqualia obovato-rotunda, ochroleuca T )

: B 4

610 BIXINEJE.

Stam. binae alpha, ovario mediante toro adnata, 00, in
corpus 4-lobatum, carnosum, unita filam. libera facta bre-
vissima. Anth. bilocul. longit. dehiscentes loculor marginibus
repandis, stylus crassus, stigma magnum peltato-capitatum.

Ovarium, loculare, loculis l-ovulatis? ovulis pendulis. Pl.
DLXXXV. A. Fig. XII.

Pars a, an styli pars an potius, pars tubo staminei lateribus
ovarii stylique adnato et usque ad stigma attingentis, flores
suaviter odorat.

In sylvis Mergue: Oct. 1834.

BIXINEA.

Bixa.

Bixa orellana.

Frutex foliis cordato-ovatis acuminatis basi 5-nerviis, longe
petiolatis pellucida reticulatis impunctatis.

Paniculis subeymosis terminalibus ramulisque junioribus
ferruginea velutinis, floribus magnis odoratis carneis. Brac-
tea membranaceis concavis ad basin pedicellorum.

Cal. basi involucellatus? involucellis 5-partitis laciniis
glandulosis, sepalis oppositis 5-sepalus, sepalis membrana-
ceis szestivatione imbricatis.

Cor. 5-6 petalo, petal sepalis alternant. patente reflexis
obovatis, integris bifidisve zestivatione imbricatis basibus
lutescente apicibus carneis.

Stam. 00, hypogyne libera, filam. capillacea. Anth car-
nez basi affixze, biloculares apicibus poris 2 dehiscent. Pol-
len lanceolato-ovatum leve hinc sulcatum

Stylus complanatus subclavatus. Sügmä bilabiat. ringens.

Ovarium hispidissimum 1-loculare placentis 2 parietalibus.
Ovula 00, subascendentia foramen hilum prope.

revise ces — viridi rubescent hispidissima —

carpio Ee semina 00, placentis

FLACOURTIACE.R. 611

Tegumenta subbaccat. succo miniato feta, externis apice
cicatrizatum (nec micropyle) sed chalaza, funiculis albis ad
basin seminum in corpore peltato expansis (arillo parvo).
Albumen carnosum, embryo axillis. Cotyledones foliaceæ
plane.

Radicula hilum versus. Plumula inconspicua chalaza intus
tumida, subcallosa, adeo ut cotyledones apices deflectantur.
= Culta frequenter apud Mergue: Nov. 1834.

2. Bivinee sp.

Arbuscula ramulis minute verrucosis, foliis alternis exsti-
. pulatis breviter petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis, obtuse acuminatis,
puente, basi 5-nervis junioribus discoloribus lividis luci-
basi 2-glandulosis, coriaceis, subrepando-dentatis,
S licen axillaribus, foliis multo breviorib. albido-velutinis
bracteis ovatis minutis ad basin cujusque pedicell. Pedicellis
ibus albido velutinis medium versus articulatis - ibidemque
Breteoltis, floribus albis odoratis ob staminibus conspicuis.
Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis albidis subpetaloideis velutinis.
Pet. totidem sepalis alternantia conformia, paulo minora
mstivatio tegument cujusque aperta.
.. Stam. 00, hypogyna libera, filamenta capillacea inzqualia.
. Anth. subversatilis bilocul. longit. dehiscent.
. Stylus crassus filiformis staminibus brevior. Stigma capitat.
| Süblobatum medio foveolatum.
varium superum, l-loculare, placentis 5, parietaliebus,
un pluribus cuique placente, pendula foramen ad hilum.
4. DLXXXV. A. Fig. XIII. a wall of aisi
i Han. Ad littoram. Ins. Pulo Gewen: Nov. |

FLACOURTIACE.

i GYNOCARDIA.
Biwocerdis sp. |

Arbor magna, Sones =e griseo, fol. alternis exsti: pu-

latis Oblonois nies ene auis

ead abit { i 5 : * LLLI

612 LORANTHACE.E.

glaucescent. Petiolis articulatis in ramulis supra planius-
culis, fructibus maximis in pedunculo ligneis 13 uncialib.
crassis globosis aurantia magna magnitudine nudis, apice de-
pressiusculis, extus suberosis grisco-brunnea, cortex 14 linea
crassa lignea dura, massam carnosam. Semina 00, plura
maxima in substantia cellulosa nidulante, verisimiliter sine
Ordine evidenti disposit. ovato-oblonga, materia gelatinoso.
solida diaphana inclusa. ~

Testa atro-coriacea dura. Tegument. interius membrana-
ceum tenue, albumen copiosum carnosum album arcte vesti-
ens.

Embryo in axi albuminis, orthotropa quoad directionem
radiculee brevis obtuse teretis hilum versus. Cotyledones planze
contiguee carnosz foliacee. Plumula inconspicua, cavitus al-
buminis embryonifer membrana tenuissime vestita. Cotyle-
dones oblonga directione diamet. longioris, seminis parallelz.
Hilum parvum. Testa extus lineata rugosula, an ideo testa
baccata. Pl. DLXXXV. A. Fig. IX.

Has. Assam at Suddyah: Jan. 9th, 1836.

FLACOURTIA.
Flacourtia edulis.

Fruit the size of a large cherry, annular at the base and
with the remains of the perianth : apex depressed, umbilicate
surrounded with the persistent unchanged styles and stigmata
smooth, externally reddish with green streaks, baccate with as
many cells as there are styles, mat filled with pulp in which,
the solitary and binary pendulous seeds nestle.

Seeds much compressed, testa thick indurated nearly bony,
inner tegument very thin brownish membranaceus.

Albumen copious fleshy. Embryo with the radicle next the
hilum, and consequently superior, with flat foliaceous cotyle-
dons cordate at the base. Plumula inconspicua,

LORANTHUS. 613

pur
2H

_ Has. Malacca, habitus foliatio armat. Flacourtiz, fl. masc.
—— Getonia.

—. . Evidently akin to the S. African genus Dovyalis vide Arnott
— Journal Botany, Vol. III, p. 251.

LORANTHACEA.

General Remarks.

. There can I think be very little doubt that the following

Orders form a very natural group, Santalacee, Loranthacez,

Olacineze.
The presence or absence or the corolla cannot be admitted
. 88a valid objection, because although most Loranthace:e
havea highly developed corolla, there is no trace of it in
Viscum,
Olax, although it hasa superior fruit, and so like in ap-
pearance to an inferior one, that dissection must be resorted
1o, to detect the difference.

Olacinez are widely displaced by all authors except the
illustrious Brown, who long ago pointed out its great
affinity to Santalacez.

— lts affinities with Aurantiacez and Sapotacez are purely
imaginary. The Order points out the tendency that exists
_ to suppression of part or the whole of the outer series of
Stamina, which is so complete in some Santalacez, and all
: Loranthaceæ : what is the cause of the presence of a glandu-
lar disk so frequently among Epigynous Orders.

. No vessels exist in the corolla of Schepfia opposite the
Sinuses, The style has 3 vascular fascicles, it will be worth
While to apply the test of situation of carpella relative to the
Calyx, or at least supposed calyx of many plants, if these bave
really calyces, the carpella will alternate with them, owing
to the law, that no two organs of similar denominations can

be opposed to each other.

E

The above Orders agree in the following remarkable parti-

614 ; LORANTHACEÆ.

culars, valvular æstivation, opposition of stamina, composi-
tion of ovarium, structure of placentæ and reduction of the
usual parts of an ovulum ; this being carried to its maximum
in Loranthaceæ, the differences of albuminous seeds are non-
adhesion of calyx in one, but this may be explained away,
and the development of corolla, which as it is irregular,
is of less account,

Santalaceæ are usually supposed very nearly akin to Elæag-
nez and other Tubiferous classes, but the affinity may not
perhaps be so very close to Proteaceæ. Thymelez, and Eleag-
nez have simple ovaria ;a sign of much consequence. Lindley
places Anthobol ee among Thymelee on account of its
superior fruit, but as it agrees otherwise with Santalaceze, it
will probably serve to point out, that the ideas I have
above noted are very natural.

Choretrum is stated by Brown to have a very minute 5-par-
tite calyx, I say from analogy that its perianth is more co-
lored than those in which no calycule exists. Quincha-
malium has an urceolate bractea, totally distinct from the
ovary, and this is rightly considered by Brown as an argu-
ment in favour of the perianth of the related orders being
calycine. This instance I take to be most important, for it
explains away the greater part of the anomalies, for the brac-
tea cuculliformis of Quinchamalium is obviously akin to the

calycule of Loranthacez, the same of Schepfia, the same
perhaps of Olacinez.

As Brown says it is probable that the perianth is calycine
not corolline, because of the valvate estivation, an uncommon
occurrence among truly petalous orders. Then he notices
Viscum and Loranthus.

The look of the perianth of Schepfia is not at an early pe-
riod continuous with the calycule, if it be strictly so, it must
be calycine.

A genuine calyx must be continuous with the outer struc-
ture of the part of which it isa development, if it be not

LORANTHUS. 615

it is corolline, belonging to the glandular system ; see Brown’s
. Obs. on the analogy of the perianth of Quisqualis and Com-
. bretum.

LORANTHUS.

Loranthus concavifolium Gr. Scurrulæ sect.

Attachment simple, plant pendulous.

Tota planta furfuraceo pubescent przesertim fol. subtus fur-

— fura e pilis ramosis pallida.

.. Fol. alterna vel subopposita, basin subtus nitentibus et seni-
-oribus glabratis, fragile, brittle, cordate, ovato-oblonga sæpius
, Concava, integra obtusa carnoso-coriacea, venis secondariis
. inconspicuis.

-. Novellis albidis, novissimis ferrugineis, vernatio concavo-
. Conduplicata, racemis subcymiforme aggregatis in axillis velus-
- tioribus, foliis brevior, fl. l-bracteata basin ferrugin pilis cinct.

E Calyx clavatus ore truncato extus ferrug. tube of co-

rolla sub oval-shaped compressed above near the calyx gibbous

curved upwards) estivation of bud much greater, bud subcy-
lindrie except the knobbed apex.

3 Corolla 4-fida, fissura postice profundior, laciniis erecto-

Filam. complanata sursum latiora ad exsertionem angustata,

woror sanguinea. Anth subovate, Stylus longitud. stam.

Stigma capitat.

Fructus (junior) clavata.

^AB. Malacca, in oe mangrove woods on Son-

“eee Se Reggae ible to determine, it approach-

a closely both | to d. rali and Ea from which it

in single attachment, leaves subalternate concave, cori-

ous brittle above shining, and when mature very smooth,

: the flowers pale inside, laciniis inflexis.

Dicatur L. eoncavifolinm, if this. be found a permanent
; for i daos la den

616 LORANTHACEX.

The phenomena of fecundation are those of L. bicolor.
the sacs are of great tenuity, the cavity of the ovarium ap-
pears blocked up, the embryo base is on a level with the base
of the cotyledons.

2. Loranthus farinosus, Pl. DOXX., or L. incarnatus, Jack,
for the young shoots and leaves are covered with ferruginous
pubescence, although otherwise it does not agree with his
description.

The embryo sacs reach up the style a good way nearly
. to the stigma, often, and generally it presents the same pheno-
mena as L. bicolor. The chief anomaly consists in the soft
mucilaginous nature of the cells first developed, their adhe-
sion to the embryonic mass, the preponderance of this body
at an early period, the exceeding distinctness of the inner
tubes, not only separating easily from the sacs, but from
each other. The embryonic tissues appear to commence
from the inner tubes at the termination of the sacs. It pre-
sents the same development of cellular tissue from unfecun-
dated sacs, the same engagement of 2 pollen tubes, the abor-
tion of some of the sacs oecasionally, the same fundus to the
ovarium, the same composition of the embryonic mass.

The young fruit is hard, the fibrous or hard outer layer
being produced inwards in a ruminate mann

The embryo sacs become enlarged subsequently, but no
albumen seems to be formed in their cells. L. oleoides, pre-
sents the same phenomena as L. globosus.

l. DCXX. Fig. I.

i Raceme and alabastrum of Lor. farinosus or incarnatus.

2. Flower, slightly increased.

3. Upper part of perianth laid open.

. 4. Base of pistillum and its bractea.

5. Stigma.

6. Long double section of ovarium during expansion.

7. Lower parts of style of ditto with two embryo sacs«

7a, Head of one of the m sacs of the same ovarium.

LORANTHUS. 617

8. Long double section of ovary after the fall of perianth.
8a. The seed, developing of the same.
8b. More magnified two of the inner tubes have separated
from their sacs which were torn away.
9, Embryo more developed, no longer adheres to the cellu-
lar tissue, grown from the sac.
The same Pl. DCXX. Fig. II.
1, 2. Heads of 2 unfecundated sacs, they are more dilated
than any others, I have yet seen.
3, 4, 5. Front, back, and lateral views of the anther.
6. Young seed, even now the embryo exceeds in bulk the
soft albuminous tissue, the curvature of the inner tubes
is of frequent occurrence.
- Ditto more advanced after the action of nitric acid.
3. Loranthus pentapetalus, Pl. DCXXIV.
Foliis oppositis glabris undulatis concavis (ob conduplicat)
sub lanceolatis obtuse acuminatis venis inconspicuis coriaceis,

Racemis sub spicatis ambitu cylindraceis, axillis solitariis
. vel 2-3 fasciculat. ascendent. (the plant is pendulous) floribus-
que vivid coccineo-sanguineis.

Pedicello brevissimo inferne l-bractez. Fl. 3-linealis
_¢alycis tubo subcylind. ovato, ore minimo ciliatulo annulifor.
_ Subintegro ambitu pentagono.

Per. urceolatum tubo globoso 5-angulato laciniis totidem

alternis reflexis spathulatis, (vero) 6-petalum petalis infra

. medium dilatat. ad exsertion filament constant. filam. laciniis
breviore alba. Anth. adnat. revolutis luteze.

— Stylus stam. paullo brevior. parte in urceolo floris recon-
5 it. incrassato 5-gono ceterum constrictiuscul. cylindraceo,

basi rugosa.

labast, basi amplato 5-gono supra clavato, juniore axi

) adpressa. Infloresc. evoluto inverse.
E Plant natural size. (Fig. L)
= 2 Alabastram.

sisi aaa flower.

€4

618 LORANTHMACEJE.

4. Petal. and stamen detached.
5. Anther in front.

6. Ditto back.

7. Anther after dehiscence.

8. Pistillum.

Has. Malacca in arborib. It belongs to L. bicolor section.

Spec. cnan. Fol. oppositis vel alternis lanceolatis undula-
tis.

Racemis spiciformibus axill. solitariis vel aggregatis pedi-
cello brevisibus deflexis apice l-bracteat. Per. basi globosa
5-gona 5-petala. Stylus infra medium angulatus. Bacca
ovato-oblonga.

Valde affinis L. coccineo.

Ozs. In Loranthus pentapetalus the circumstances atten-
dant on the development of an albumen, as well as: of the
embryo are obscure, I have seen tubes entering into the head
of the sac, and I have after tlie fall of the style found them in
the ovarial portion of the same organ, but after they are
scarcely detectable up to a period when the albumen has
attained a considerable size, and then what is very remark-
able, the funicle of the embryo consists for the whole of its
upper part, of a simple tube, other less remarkable anomalies
consist in the ease with which the albumen, even from its
commencement almost separates from the sacs, and perhaps
in the lateness in which the tubes, and the single funicle of
the embryo become invested with a proper membrane, or is I
really tubular... 4

Pl. DCXXV. Fig. I. Even at this period which is first A
after the fall of the style, the cellular mass appears quite free,
it is invariably terminated by a single conical cell.

The sacs are now withered, adhere closely to parietes of
the cell.

They are attached to the apex of the mass, although from
the production of the cells upwards, this is obscured, ana
even becomes somewhat lateral. Subsequently the inner. 23
tubes exist in some, after which they reach to the mass, they — 3

*

LORANTHUS 619

are more obscure in'this, than in any instance I have yet met
with.

I have not been able to trace them into the mass, although
the lax smaller cellular tissue at the apex of this, obviously
represents the embryo as it exists in others of same type,
. and this is the more remarkable because the more developed
embryo I have observed sometime back to be most distinctly
flamento-funicular. a green, b red, c c sac.

Fig. II. Cavity occupied by a cellular body, above with
` large simple empty cells, below with more numerous, and

more close with granules. "This body is connected above
With at least some of the sacs.

Composed of dense red cutis, the dense green rather
thick tissue, the rest white first a layer thickest below the
young viscum curved and thickest above the dense central
tissue.

In this instance one tube was seen applied to the cellular
Mass, but no tubes were seen inside it, nor were any seen in
the mass itself.

Fig. III. Cellular mass upper 4 laxly cellular cells large
in 2 series lower, two thirds densely cellular uniform with an
Opaque central line caused by the embryo.

This embryo consists to the top of a long clavate irregular
‘filament containing green globules the large and short cells
intervene, then the long tissue of the base of the embryo, the
‘Collatral tissue only commencing.

e filament does not reach throughout the mass but ceases
‘the denser tissue, it never presents traces of composi-
n. a opaque cells, b transparent, c green, d red.

- The anomalies are great, upwards the production of cellular
tissue, in the great size of young albumen before the embryo
appears, its lateral attachment, in the late appearance of the
her tubes, and in the simple filatnent of suspension.

Fig. IV. In this instance a flasque lobe without tubes was
| hed to one side, the mass had the usual shape. In the
e 259 Shewed 2 fine tubes which projected beyond the

620 LORANTHACEAX.

lower end, and of these one was swollen into a ball. The
point whence these tubes originated was not seen.

Their observation is very obscure, for in a structure of
this sort if they run along the intercellular lines, they cam
scarcely be seen. |

Fig. V. The nipple is very evident, and terminates the
eentral column of amylaceous tissue, its apex corresponds
with the lower orifice of the stigmatic canal, its appearance
is altogether nucleary. T

This nipple is visible up to a period just antecedent to
opening of the flower, it has the same shape but appears to
be hollow. a vessels, 5 fuscous, c d reddish, e green, f opaque.

If the sacs are developed first in the ovary, as I think they
would be, Loranthus becomes an instance of a nucleus excert-
ing several embryo sacs, unless indeed the sacs pass up into
the style, round its base, and so avoid perforating the cone.

Fig. VI. No cellular mass is produced before the fall of
the style, and no inner tubes in the lower part or ovarial part
of the sacs, no viscum.

It is difficult to examine the sacs at this period, as the cen-
tral columnar tissue is tough and opaque ‘amylaceous gra-
nules.

All the sacs at least do not reach to the fundus of the
central amylaceous tissue.

The unequal extent of the sacs may perhaps give rise in
some measure of the lateral apex of the funicle.

Even after this and before any visible enlargement, the
sacs remain unchanged with the exception of shewing evi-
dences of the inner tubes becoming in iodine columns of
grume, without proper membrane and not extending into the
dilated part of the sac.

4. Loranthus coccineus, Pl. DCXXVI. ;

Ramuli papillos. fol alter. mediocre petiolatis, coriacels
costa excepta aveniis, fuces viridescence e basi cordati In-
quilateraliter oblongo-ovata, obtusa ima apicem rotundato ob-
conduplicatior gradatim concava.

LORANTHUS. 62}

Racemi axillares, fol. breviora spicifor. undique. florigera,
Pedicelli breves, declinati alabastror. transversi vel ascen-
dent apice subflor. 1-bracteat.
Alabastrum adpressum raceme axin infra medium 4 inni:
upra subteretes.
-. Perianth ad medium 4-partatum, laciniz patentibus, an re-
curvis, corollam urceolatam tubum angulatum, apice angustat,
simulans extus, brunneo-coccineum intus vividum cocci-
neum, extus pilis stellatis vestit., in reality it is composed of
A pieces, with a broad subtriangular concave base, then a nar-
Tow part (at the faux) the margins are here rugose and
folded over the filament which is inserted here.
Filam cylindracea vivide coccinea perianth lacin. paullo
— brevius, anth. oblong breves adnate.
Calyces tubus subcylindraceous ore pallulum angustato,
Sübintegro, omnino pilis ferrugineis stellatis squamato-fur-
fura, Stylus coccineus clavatus, stigma capitato discoid. coc-
€ineum, perianth lacin zquans. -
Fruit shaped like a florence flask, nempe e basi rotun-
.. data, gradatim attenuata apice subcylindraceo, extus more
Calycis sed distantius furfurac.
j Viscum albidum copiosum, semen erectum conico-4-gonum
|. angulis bispidus in setus albidus longe product, basi indu-
. Tatum, the space between the prolongations filled with vis-
Cous resin in which the green radicle nidulates.
— Albumen album carnosum confined to the indurated base,
. €otyledon, cylindraceus albumin 3 brevior.
—. Rad. maxima sphzerica exsert.
Embryo altogether green.
—— Opss. It is closely allied to Loranthus pentapetalus, fol.
alternis e basin inzquilateraliter cordato-ovata, per ob-
tusa coriacea evenia. Racemis axillaribus speciform, soli-
faris vel fasculatis, floribus 1-bracteatis pedicellas de-
clinatus 4-meris, stylo cylindracea. Bacca e basi ovata, in
Collum attenuata, Semen 4 gonum, hirtum 4 setigera, in-
durato,

TOY oe ae

pris

622 LORANTHACEJE,

It belongs to the same group with L. oleoides, farinosus
and pentapetalus, and is the same in physiology with L. bi-
color, viz., sacs extended up the style, albumen developed
from their anterior ends.

The inner viscum is first formed, 7. e. that which conceals
the naked radicle, while this is developing, the tissue on
the lines of the perianth and its 4 horns becomes indurat-
ed, and the outer viscum becomes developed, at first between
the horns and the green tissue, then extending downwards
and ultimately extending all round the pericarp and its horns.

The cotyledons are 3, which is another point of afüuity
with Santalacez.

The part of the embryo first formed is, I think radicle, if
so it becomes pushed upwards by the growth of the coty- .
ledons downwards, this point is worth examining.

5. Loranthus obovatus Gr.

Ramulis compressis junioribus, etiam glabris, fol. opposit.
breve petiolatis cuneato-obovatis, coriaceis glabris lzte emar-
ginatis, venis secondariis supra subdistinct,

Racemis exaxillis velustis, foliis brevioribus solitariis vel
aggregatis, pedicellis brevibus brachiatis, decussatis apice
minute 3-bracteatis.

Ovar. ovatum, ore calyculi contractiusculo minute 4-den-

Alabast. erecta struct. tubo subcylindraceo basi angustato,
medium supra angulis 5, 6 cristatis, lamina (ob estivat.) cla-
vata, 9-angulata.

Flos ad anthesin ad cristis 5, 6 partit. laciniis spathulato-
reflexis, basi viridibus, apicem przsertim marginibus rubris,
tubo color rosaceis.

Anth. longiuscule R filament carneis linearibus ad-
natis.

Stylus longitudine stamen, stigma + capitat fere —
viride rubrum. p.

LORANTHUS. 623

— Has. Malacca. In sylvis littorat Tangong cling.
Oss, This will belong to same section as L. globosus to.
which it comes close enough, it is a pretty species.

. On this plant a scurrula-looking young plant had become
parasitical, I mention this as it is necessary to examine the
Specimens to see whether they belong to one or two species.
= Dicatur pro tempore Loranthus obovatus, probably it is
Jack's Loranthus retusus.

6 Loranthus leucosiphon, Gr. Pl. DCXXIX. Fig. I.

l. Plant nat. size.
Pedunculis solitariis vel sepius aggregatis, sed vix duobus
e puncto uno exorientibus 4-6-floris apice spicatim, sursum
ascendentes,
Flos unusquisque 3-bracteatis, bractea externa, (antica)
oblonga obtusa concava, lateral. ovar. arcte includent, ea-
dem fere longitudine compresso carinat.
Ovarium obturbinatum, per. minute bracteis interior duplo
brevis, ore integerrimo, e limbato.
- Per. tubus subclavatus, 12 uncialis paullo supra ovarium
constrict, tune gradatim ampliatum, demum ad faucem
Constrietiuscule teretiusculum, angulis obsoletis limbo bipar-
tito reflexo laciniis ratione tubo bieriistafis, linearia spoon-
Shaped, interdum perparia apicibus coherent.

-. Color albus, limbo alabastrum plumbeo per anthesin rosa-
fto oc of spooned apex atratis.
m. totidem filam. subulata, sanguinolenta, antherz ter-

Stylus subulatus stam. superans viridis.

Stigma capitat, viridia.

1 Fi ilament (adherent) primum tenuium demum ad constric-
ase tubo in | gibberem — zem incrassat. fauci liberi

m arbor. parasit. forming. a arges shrub with many depen-
t branches.

compressiuseulis ramis teretibus.

024 LORANTHACES.

Foliis opposit. petiolatis e basin cordato-ovata vel ovalia ob-
tusa integra concava glabra, venus venulisque utrinque ele-
vatulis reticulatiuscul juniora sanguineo tincta.

Pedunculis basi bibractatis, petiolos subzequant. sepissime
exaxillis fol. lapsor. si 6-floris, florib. 2 termin. sæpius abor-
tient.

Inflorescent irregularis at cujusque peduncula centripeta.

Fructus non vis. :

Han. Pringitt Malacca.

Allied to Elytranthe albida Bl.

Glabra, fol. oppositis petiolatis e basi cordato-ovata, ovuli-
bus coriaceis, pedunculis aggregatis exaxillis velustis, apice 4-6
floris, floribus spicatis bracteis 3 bus amplis sursum curvato-
ascendent. tubo clavato prope ovarium constrict. vix angulare
reflexam 6-partito.

Shortly after the fall of the corolla which I think takes
place quickly carrying with it? the style, a double long sec-
tion presents the following appearances :

'The cicatrix of the style is made up of browned dislocat-
ed cells, and beyond it projects to a considerable distance;
slender tubes which are the boyaux.

The sacs about the middle of the section gives birth to a
cellular mass, the walls of the cavity surrounding which are
distinctly sphacelate.

elow this, there is a common somewhat obpyriform cavity»
the margins of which are very opaque, this is filled by the
convoluted prolongations of the tubes beyond the cellular
mass, and below by the embryo, which is preponderately
developed. 3

The first changes in the appearances after impregnation
consist in a long section of irregular opaque lines along "
course of the sacs, these-lines have brownish edges, and are
irregularly flexuose, transparent along the centre, where ae y
look cellularly subdivided, then, I imagine by the dis-
appearance of the tissue around each, coalesce into one. ad
ty, when the appearances are such as I have described above.

i WT
ace
us IER

LORANTHUS, 625

It is only through about the lower 4 of the central tissue
~ that these enlarged and irregular lines are evident, this is
= easily accounted for.
I believe the sacs can develope (4) oblong cells from the
apex independent of fecundation.

Pl. DOXXIII. Fig. III.

Bud 2 lines long. The style presents in its lower part at
least a slit-like cavity which extends below its base into the
ovarium, the fundus is occupied by a conical-shaped process
of mucilagino cellular tissue. Iodine at this period does not
exert its particular amylaceous action on any part, but the
nipple and the sides of the canal of style are more darkly
fuscous than the rest.

Bud 3} lines. The nipple is more developed. Iodine now
Violets in several lines, which affect also the nipple at its base,
but only partially compared with the violetting along the
~ Other tissue of interior of ovary.

= Violetting also takes place at the extreme base of ovarial
tissue, but in a slighter degree. .
| The appearance of the violetting lines is such as. would
. . Suggest the exsertion of several sacs ascending from the base
| .. 6f the nipple.

— ' Yet I believe that this arises merely from the contiguity of
| . the lines to this body, as the lines on dissection appear to
| Pass-by it,

. Fiw lines long. The nipple is now very hard to free.
— Iodine causes the same violetting which extends upward

_ 4 little way into the style, and below has a tendency to pass

beyond the base of the nipple, reaching almost if not quite

but in a faint line to the basilar violetted spot. i
. No sacs appear to exist at this period.

_ The part which corresponds to the calyculus is not much

ced by iodine, but retains a greenish appearance.

r p4

.626 LORANTHACE.E,

Nipple scarcely if at all detectable, central tissue whitish
gorged with granules, percursed by 5-6 fuscescent lines;
which now reach lower down than they did before.

Iodine now violets the whole of this, most intensely how-
ever along the lines of the sacs. The base is now when
iodined indistinguishable from the rest.

Saes exist at this period, but I am ignorant how far they

extend upwards.

A long section at this period, shows the slit of style not to
extend to its base.

A transverse section at this period iodined shows a small
central space unyioletted, around which are 6 violetted spots,
towards the base of the flower confluent, above more and more
distinct, they are in the direction seen to be opposite the lobes
of the epigynous gland.

Towards the apex rather oblique, a eatycalns, b part of base
of urianth, c pur of epigynous gland.

2 alternate with the lobes of the other fig.
towards the dee as is shewn by the situation of the bundles of
vessels,

The violet dots ia a bud, 3 lines long are only visible to-

wards the epigynous gland, below, the tissue is quite homo-
geneous,

If it really is the case idi the sacs are developed from
above downwards, and that they subsequently extend below
the base of the nipple, it may be considered as conclusive
that the nipple is merely an elevation of the paries of the
ous > and has nothing apparently in common with an ovu-

um.

After repeated examinations I can make nothing out of
this from the time, the nipple appears to become adherent.
The style separates at the point where the a canal ter-
minates ; here it seems to be solid.

At expansion, the ovary may I think be described as sol id
- Containing 5 or 6, gut-like embryo sacs, imbedded in ue

*

LORANTHUS. 627 .

central tissue, this is particularly the case, on a transverse
Section, at this period I can find no traces of the nipple.

In no stage have I seen any thing like the prolongation
from the nipple of Loranthus bicolor.

The appearance of the nipple ia its earlier stages are simi-
lar to the placenta of Santalum Osyris so as to point out the
probability of its being a similar organ.

The same Loranthus leucosiphon, Gr. Pl. DCXXII.

la. Lateral bractes entirely enclosing young flower.

6. Calyculus.

t. Perianth.

d. Stamen.

. €. Pistillum.
. f. Its cavity.

The pistillum is at this period greenish, the stigmatiferous
Portion of the style exceeds a good deal the remainder, and is
. €ven now celluloso-papulose. The canal of the style extends,
throughout its length, and terminates below in a triangular
Small cavity with a flattish fundus, which is on a line with
.. the line of attachment of the perianth and the staniina.

The whole cavity of the pistillum is rendered opaque by

alr,
It is evident that at this period the whole pistillum is su-
. Petior, even with regard to the perianth and stamina, but
. much more so with regard to the calyculus, the line of whose
Attachment ís to be perhaps considered a line, midway be-
tween the exsertion of its inner and outer surfaces.
2. Double long section of ovarium etc. 5 lines long.
: qo diner
6. Perianth segments, now inconduplicate.
.. €- Canal of the style, the lower line four toits termina-
tion, I think from adhesion.
. d. The closed up part of the same, the lower line meks
Out its termination, —

EEI E dien y a Oe e Rec rere Mo a ESE E Cn Gla es E ae ey Se mE ne eee
a B MFS 5 z adi

* 628 LORANTHACE.

e. The part now violetted by Iodine, there is perhaps a
tendency to less action along the centre, as at ff.

At this periud there is nothing satisfactory detectable of
the nipple, although I have seen appearances as if it had
become elongated, the apex of the neck, reaching to the
point where the canal of the style appears to become closed.

3. Double transverse section of the same.

The calyculus is distinctly marked out, underneath its
cutis is a black line of opaque tissue to which succeeds a
double row of rather large transversely arranged cells.

a. Calyculus.

b. A thick layer of dense tissue greenish in its natural
state.

c. Sub hexangular in outline.

c, d, b. Vascular fascicles surrounded as usual by unco-
lored fibrous tissue.

e. Greenish tissue occupying the greater part of the inner
. circle.

J- Vascular fascicles of the ovarium itself.

g. Six ovate opaque spots which I take to represent the si-
tuation of the sacs, and which are violetted by iodine in a
confluent manner as pointed out by the blue lines.

À. A central cellular spot,

4. Double long section of flower bud, 4} lines long.

Iodine at this period violets in several lines from up
style to the base of the nipple.

This body is not so purely violetted as are the lines.

Appearance of a tubular neck to the nipple.

a. Calyculus of two layers.

b. Perianth.

c. Extent of the white dense tissue of the interior of the
base of flower.

d. Nipple-shaped Some

e. Canal of style.

f. Green tissue of the base of the flower. —

MM Menem o om HEREDES

e c DU MM KMa--—————aó

PEEL |

DENIM a eg et ee

DEM "pm

Ea VE 7 iA XE EET ais S a

ud

_ the keeled appearance.

LORANTHUS. 629

5. Double long section of base of flower bud 3} long.

Nipple evidently belongs to the white tissue of the base.
Hypothesis, that the sacs are developed from the placental
tissue lining the cavity of the interior.

The same figures have the same references.

. Iodine at this period violets along the usual lines, which
are adversely clavate, violetting not so pronounced as in 4.

6. Just before expansion of flower.

In this no trace whatever of the nipple was seen, all the
dark colored part is homogeneous, and crowded with granules
of amylum,

a. Calyculus of two layers.

6. Perianth.

c. Outer boundary of central white tissue, which at e,
(i, e, the space inside d, d, two vascular bundles) is opaque
from being crowded with amylaceous granules.

J: f, f. Three embryo sacs, having the same extensions as
in L. globosus.

g- Canal of the style.

Twelve lines long appearance as if the bases of the styles
canal was blocked up by a mammillar process, continuous

"With that part of the central tissue that is violetted by iodine.

7. Double long section of base of a flower-bud 3} lines
long.

8. Calyculus.

b. Perianth.

€. Filament, which by its adhesion to the perianth causes

d. Central white tissue with its central nipple.
€. Canal of style, ending below in a triangular space oc-

. füpied by the nipple.

- Proper sequence of the sketches to be.
mpm ome:

LI
.

aaria bel

~

630 LORANTHACEA.

The same Pl. DCXXIII. Fig. I.

l. Double long section of ovarium after fall of perianth

aud style from the cicatrix of which filaments are seen
. to project.

a. White tissue of centre.

b. 3 embryo sacs.

c. Young albuminous growth from one of those.

d. Another ditto much less advanced.

e. Convoluted funicle embryo.

f. Embryo.

g. Vascular supplies.

1 6. Represents no. c. of the same, but the filaments
were not seen to traverse the albumen, at a is the end
of the embryo sac? at which the tubes emerge, their
cells are of large diameter and lax, at b another funicle
adhered to this, forming with this the embryo.

la. Represents d of l. The young albumen is 4-angular
from pressure, each cell is crowded with grume and
contains a grumous nucleus, this did not reach much
more than 4 down the cavity of ovarium. There was a
tendency to grumous aggregation towards the bottom of
the cellular part of the sac, a is the termination of the
Sac reaching to the apex of which are two tubes, which
pressure dd. not shew in the albumen.

2. From another less advanced ovarium the sac was nearly

kis throughout the lower 3, lowest cells being most
dereloped, and the upper ones with faint walls and no’
nucleus, the tubes are enclosed throughout, but the sac
ceased to be cellular.

The same Pl. DCXXIII. Fig. II.

Represents the united embryo of the same.
The inner tubes remain two, either to the end of the
irregular edged sheath or near it, where this ceases they ap-

— ——

—

F AM WES

LORANTHUS. 631

pearas three, they continue to do so till they unite and per-
haps even after this. The cells of the sac are most developed,
. about the middle of the cellular part, they are not formed
from the inner surface of the wall itself, but between this
and the inner tubes, no nuclei were visible.

Above the cellular part of the perfect sac, are nucellar ag-
gregations and in the same there is alike tendency below, no
cells developed in the sheath.

The inner tubes are articulate towards the apex of the
cellular part, and probably also once or twice in this part.

The same Pl. DCXXI. Fig. I.

l. Double long section after the fall of the corolla and
| Style, no fecundation having taken place shews that the
E sacs reach to the bottom of the central dense tissue.

— la. Upper part of sac of same 1-10.

= 1a. Lower ditto.

=b. Upper part of ditto 1-250.

2. Sac from an ovarium after fall, no fecundation, these sacs
had become inflated, their lines of direction being con-
Spicuous, they reach to the bottom of the central tissue.

S. Is the lower portion of sac, about the same period
shewing a tendency to independent cellularity.
A Double: long section after the fall, fecundation has oc-
curred, as is evident from the boyaux protruding from
poenas of style.
4. Represents the lower part of fecundated ovulum of
the same, the left hand one, at a, is the termination of

the sac,
: The same Pl. DCXXI. Fig. IL

= Long double section of L. paces just after the fall
of the corolla and style.
The lower 3 of ovarium presents a large sub-irregular cavi-

632 LORANTHACEA.

ty occupied by the embryos, and their contorted funicles, of
the four, 2 are united into one, 2 remain separate.

2. Represents an entire (independent) sac, embryo and
funicle. The sac towards the cellular part contained much
grumous matter, above it was nearly empty, here and there
were amylaceous granules. Each cell of thé cellular part is
crowded with grume and containing one nucleus.

In the upper part of the attenuated part a few cells with-
out nuclei were present, but towards the terminatinn of the
sheath which is at a, no cell had been developed.

Beyond this the continuing tubes were increased in size,
the two first joints, presented 3, the terminal one several, at
its apex was the commencement of the collet.

7. Loranthus involucratus.

Caule elongato lenticellato, plumbeo, fol. ovalia acuminata
carnosa, subintegra venis subtus prsesertim primaria secon-
darisque inferioribus rubescent, flores capitati. C. breviter-
peduncuiati axillares nec ne etiam infra axillares, involucro 4-
phyllo cincte.

Foliola involucra lanceolata plus minus rubro-colorata pube
brevissime velutina. Pedicelli brevissimi his oppositi et
adnati, pubescenti.

Calyx dense pubescente tomentosus 5-dentat.

Corolla tubulosa, extus pubescens in laciniis 5 spathulatis
reflexis partita, viridescens laciniis castaneo-rubris.

Antherz erect adnate filamentis tubum corolle paullo
excedentibus, coccinee. Stigma capitat. coccineum, antheras
paullo superans.

Ovarium ut in ordine, ante fecundat. ex ovulatum.
Capitula aggregato numero vario, cujusque evolutio etiam
varia.

| Has. Assam, Versus Kuchabat : March 5th, 1836.

certainly Mr. Brown's idea of the
affinity of Loranthacez with Proteacez, an opinion which is

Lad

1
i
|
|

—-——'P— S

MODECOPSIS. 633
borne out by several facts, I should consider this an dom

to Lambertia.
An L. involucratus Roxb. Fl. Ind. (ed. 1932,) 2,188.

MoDECoPsis.

Modecopsis vaga, Pl. DCXXVIII. -

Frutex scandens, foliis estipulatis, ovato- oblongis basi sub-
Cordatis breve acuminatis subtus glaucis integris e glan-
dulosis petiolis utrinque incrassatis, basi haud articulatis,
cirrhi axillates apice spiraliter torti sepius simplices raro bi-
fida (pedunculi abortivi) sursum incrassati.

.. Fructus solitarii vix semper in pedunculo folio breviore
apice varia diviso, reliquis floribus vel fructibus nempe deces-
Xu 8is, ovato in stipitem fructu, 4 breviorem attenuatis, sicca,
IP Sübdrupacea, infer. apice quasi truncato ibidemque dentibus
P -Calycinis brevissimis abbreviatis 5-coronat. Alveola medio toro
resso obsolete 5-gono notata, angulis dentibus calycinis
: alternantibus et cicatrice parva staminum? notatis medio
Stigmatum 3 reliquias gerente.

Calycia parietis omnino adnata pericarpio demum baccata,
entis, secus lineam junctionis cum dedos rubes-

pcd rage

centes,

.. Pericarp. vel epicarp. carnoso-corneum ambitu azurescens
emm albidum.

esocarpium fere osseum, pallide brunescens, intus en-
“Ocarpio albo subspongioso hinc ellinc fisso vestitum. Semen
unicum maximum ovatum pendulum inferne acutum supra
latius, obtusumque. Tegument hinc adhzrens nullum, an
fea endocarp, apongioso-cellulosum ad testam referen-
dum,

Semen carnosum densem distinctione partium nulla, nisi
forsan radiculæ, (cui forme umbonis depressa a quo affixum
semen) medio basi "uar ad media linea lutescente pilosa

| notatum. - |
LES

634 LORANTHACE.E.

Calyx demum e pericarpio secedens, bivalvis, valvis reflexis:

interdum bipartitis.

Has. In sylvis Noadwar examinavi semina? tantum, Fed.
17th, 1836.

Habitus omnino Modecca, calyx recessus ultimo in laci-
niis lobosve 5, sepalis respondentibus fissus.

Viscum.

` 1. Viscum aphyllum, Pl. DCXXX.

- Caulis basi simplex, subrotundus, tunc rotundato anceps,
ramis complanatis tetragono-ancipitibus, ramulis complanatis
sub 5-striatis, stria media majora,

-Length and proportions are very variable,

„Floribus monoicis sessilibus ad articulos ssepius ternis
sepiusque fzeminea, unica centrali duobus lateralibus (seroti
nis) masculis. .

- Bractea SEDENS ore ek ovarii tubum ovatum
4. recondit.

Flos fæ: minutus tubo ovato perianthio suberecto, sepalis
cordatis. ,

- Stylus sub 0, stigma magnum discoideo-convexum.
Saculus embryon. 1, ante fecundation : imperforat. simplex.
Bacca pisiformis lutescens glabra, demum albida, basin brac-

tea persist. suffult.

-Semen erectum visco obtectum, pericarpium obcordato- pb

longam eompressam cornubus maturis obsoletis, virida basi.

lineis venoideis albis (pericarp. ven.) albumen } nudum vi-
rida.

Embryo massi infra medium, radicle pointed out by

a greener spot, on one of the compressed edges.
Fl. máseuli sepius ut videtur 3, sepali-sepalis erecto- paten-
tibus apice reflexis, bracteatis ut fæmine. 3s
Plant of a lively yellow green.
The branches become rounded by. age, but the joints am

Ld s mde iie 25

sNWISCUM. nI 635

. always swollen, still the anceps edge is always traceable,
the branchlets are slightly spiral twisted, the direction of. the
broad and narrow faces of the joints alternates.

The perfect females are much more numerous ata given
time, than the males, fecundation is very common,

The real state of the inflorescence isa ternary flowered
spike, but often on either side of a solitary, (terminal female)
there is a female and two males, or there are 3 ternary
Spikes aggregated. The females are by no means always
central, particularly iu the central spike of a thrice ternary
one,

The phenomena are as in Viscum papulosum, it is vain to
attem pt to determine the eee by books, the ehaticters
given entirely omitting the see

— PL DCXXX. Fig. 15, Biprosinci the parasitism of the
Specimen, which is a simple conical graft, without intermix-
ture of any system. |
The two barks adhered slightly, there is no pith in the
parasite, pee: from excertion, or where does the pith be-

.

E DEXXX.

. |. Plant natural size, joints Ee ue too broad.

.9. Portion of a branch slightly magnified.

- 9. A flower-bearing joint.

_ +4, Double transverse section of anther.

5 Pollen (in water.) -

| 6. Female flower with the two males deselopiag Ltr.
7. The same, two sepals removed.

vs. Double long section of ovarium of same period, a the
o the embryo sac visible in its axis.

_ 8a. Embryo sac detached. - b uv nico |

De: Beto sac after pce M L a pollinia visicle,
9a. Do. ,1,, the apex of the sac with a distinct interrup-
... tion of continuity.

10. Young fruit. about advanced,

636 LORANTHACE.£.

11. Ripe fruit.

12. Long section to expose the seed,

13. Seed detached, the vein-like marks are what I take to
be the remains of the true pericarp, or endocarp, which
in fig. 10, are seen to extend above the young seed.

14, Long section of seed, through its large diameter, the
appearance of a tegument is due I think to a peculiar
disposition of the superficial cells of the albumen,
which is, except towards its base, naked.

Has. Malacca.

2. Viscum sp. Pl. DOXXXII.

1. Male flower before expansion.

2. Do. after expansion.

3. Do. sepals partly removed.

4. Anther and its sepal.

5. Front view of stamen.

6. Back view of do.

7. Lateral do.

8. Section of anther (umintinlactacy. )
9. Apex of branch with two female flowers.

10. Long section of female flower before expansiou, no ca-
vity visible in the ova

ll. Do. more advanced, ity visible and occupied by the
embryonary sac.

lla. Embryonary sac enlarged.

12, 12a. Similar sections, but taken at a more advanced

stage, The tissue immediately around the sac is lax
represents the commencement of that

transparent, a
which subsequently becomes the coriaceous tegument,

b of the viscous tissue.
13. Female flower after the fall of the perianth.
13a. Section of do., the same letters have the same refer-
ences.
136, Embryonary sac now rendered opaque by albumen.

14. Long section at a more advanced period, letters refer as

ET ee ee

VISCUM. 637

15. Do. more advanced.
17. Same more advanced. Embryo just commenced.
18. A good deal more advanced.

Has. Tongsa iu Bootan.

Viscum, monoicum Pl. DCXXXI.

Bacca pisiformibus circa apicem areoli cicatricis sepalorum,
imo apice reliquias styli et stigmat gerent, in pedicello brevi
robusto basi I-bracteato, fere leve. Accedit. materies crassa
gelatinosa dehiscens.

Viscum tenuissimum hyalinum circa semen.

Semen subobcordatum compressum erectum viride basi al-
bum. e qua ascendent. fili (ven ?) albe incompleti, one of
them hinc utrinque apicem versus in sitam product. One of
the smaller sides hinc, mammilla pointing out the apex of root
Dotat,

Albumen copiosum carnosum viride. Embryo transversus

iter curvatus, Radicula longissima peripherius. ^ Cotyle-

.. dones incumbentes carnosz foliacee discreta.

. The white vein-like threads are the remains of the true

pericarp, which in other species is much more developed,

. Complete and persistent. It is difficult to ascertain the si-

. tuation of the faces of the seed as it is so easily disturbed

by pressure.

_ Attachment simple, plant pendulo glabra ramulis (et folia)

. Oppositis flexuosis sulcato-angulatis.

Da ol. opposita basi in petiola brevissima attenuata ovato vel
'olato-oblonga inzquilateral sæpe falcata e subundulata

concava basi 3-venia, venis supra prominulis obtusa coriacea,

brittle,

Flores minuti in glomerulis axillarib. inserti, saepius e ter-

his, aliquando e biuis, aggregat.

. Masculi et feminei in mds seme fem. ut plurim.

numerosiores.

Flores basi bractee cupuliform. bidentato cinti vel solitarii

e ee

1 OS Eae ME cef

638 LORANTHACE/E.

(ob abortu) vel uno duove laterali scrotino szepius masculis
ovarium ovato-globosum post laps. sepal. apice areolat. Sepala
dentiforme zestiv. valvata.

Stylus conicus, stigma capitatum. Fructus, juniores pyri-
formes papulosis maturi leviusculi papulis iu carue quasi
immersis punctulatis pisiformibus.

The gelatinous stuff is of late development, when the seed
is half developed it will be found enclosed in gelatinous vis-
cum, which has much the appearance of the mature gelatine.
But when almost ripe, the seed will be found slightly sur-
rounded with viscum, and almost in opposition with the epi-
carpium as it may be called.

Fl. masc. alabastro subrotundatus, ad medium usque 4-fida,
sepalis fein conformibus.

Anth. 4, sepalis opposit. his insertze, oblong anterior face
with a number of alveola bearing white pollen.

It agrees tolerably well with character of V. falcatum,
but there is no judging from mere habit and inflorescence,
the fruit of this is so peculiar as to constitute bes plant à
subgenus.

V. monoieum ramis (foliisque) oppositis glabris sulcato-
angulatis, fol. subsessilibus oblongis szepe faleatis inzequilater

basi 3-junioribus 5-veniis venis subtus indistinctis, corlaceo

brittle, obtusis.

Glomerulis axillaribus, densifloris, floribus sessilibus basi
bracteatis circumeinctis, solitariis binatis vel ternatis.

The inflorescence is excessively compound, the bilobed
bractea represents the bracteola of a trichotomous triflorous,
peduncle, as it often is, the evolution of the flower is "IF
anisochronis..

x Plant natural size.

+ Male flower bud.

: Male flower, cut through longitudinally, l sepal HE

moved.

4. Sepal and anther.

5. Transverse section of bud of male.

TEE PT ae T T ARN

SCH@PFIA, 639

6. Transverse do, of anther after dehiscence.

. Pollen.

. 9. Female flowers.

9a. Ripe fruit.

10. Same cut away to shew the seed.

ll. Long section of fruit (not ripe.)

2. Do. same more advanced.

13, 13, 13. Different views of seed, and endocarp.
14. Long section of seed not quite mature.

13. Do. of mature seed.

Bj

—

SCH(GPFIA.

Schepfia sp. Pl. DCXXIX. |
Arbor. mediocris, ramulis subnutantibus elongatis rubro-
, tinetis sape fasciculatis vel aggregatis. Foliis alternis ex-
‘Stipulat, Petiolis brevibus dilatatis 1 tortis lamina lanceo-

vel lanceolato-ovata acuminata integra tenera carnosius-
cule basi subtrivenia venis secondariis distinctis arcuatis,
Ceteris reticulatis.
Spicis axillaribus, solitariis pendulis folia zequantibus ves
EC iius plurifloris, compressis, bracteis minutissimie
Squamiformib. Flores cream-colored, tinged with purple
fragrant. :
Perianth, superum, cylindraceum 4-5 partit. laciniis zestiva-
tione valvatis demum revolutis margine minute puberulis.
Stam. 5, sepalis opposita, laciniar. basibus inserta. Fila-
ment, (liber) breviss. filiforma. Anth. biloculares, terminates,
'ongitud. dehiscent. Pollen album glaberrimum subtrigonum,
pleat,
Ovarium inferum omnino, apicem versus annulatum situ
insertionis. Perianthium disco magno carnoso integro luteo-
coronat, subangulata.
. Stylus filiformis, stigmato ovato 3-revoluta papillosa in-
clusa. Oy, apice unilocularis, inferne trilocular, loculis l-
ulatis,

640 LORANTHACEA.

Placenta apice libera conica ovula ferens, ovula ad nuclei
redacta, extus convexa intus plana, mere cellulosa, et om-
nino simplicia, fasciculus pilor. simplicium alborum, pone
stamen quodque.

Tubus perianth gibberibus totidem obsoletis quot laciniis
et his alternantibus. ;

This is I believe Schæpfia.

It is a very curious genus, evidently uniting Olacineæ, San-
talaceæ and Loranthaeeæ, but more akin to the former than

to either of the others.

Oss. The calyx is reduced to a mere ring and is. evidently
the transition from that of Loranthacee.

With Santalacez it agrees, in opposition of the stamina,
the valvation of the perianth, the structure of the placenta
and in the ovula, which are reduced to the nucleus.

With Olacinez in habit, structure of the ovarium, and val-
vation of corolla.

With Loranthacez in the valvate periauth, opposition of
stamens and in the inferior calyx.

It is curious that in these orders, in which the calyx is
rudimentary, the corolla is much developed, and vice versa,
of which Santalacez are a notable example.

l. Alabast just before expansion.

2. Flower.

3. Do. vertically.

4. Corolla longit. spread open.

- 5. One of its laciniz, stamen deflexed shewing the fasci-

cle of | hairs,

6. Back view of stamen, 6a inner or front do., 65 lateral

O0.

7. Pollen. 7a do. immersed in water.

8. Hair from the fascicles behind the stamina.

9. Pistillum. -

10. Stigmata and upper part of style.

i. oy transverse section below the midir. llado. to-

EEE E ET

TR

GRANATE.;E, 641

12. Do. longit section.

13. Do. so as to shew the peculiarity of the placenta, and
the cells in which the lower parts of the ovula are con-
tained.

14. Ovulum, inner face of. 14a same viewed laterally.

15. Apex of the ovulum shewing it to be simple and hence

nucleary.

Han. Bootan Itinerary Notes, p. no. 876.

GRANATEÆ.

PUNICA.
Remarks on Pl. DCXXXIV.

Punica was I believe first separated from Myrtacea by
Don, whose views have been adopted by D C., subsequently
Mr. Lindley replaced it among Myrtacea, and has given a

.. new and ingenious theory as to the structure of the fruit,

Which he supposes to be formed of many carpella, placed in

3 two rows instead of one, the other irregularities being due
_ to adhesion of the placente with the bark and front of

the cells. It may in the first place be doubted whether the

. Were fact of plurality of carpella would not be sufficient to
. indicate Punica to be distinct from Myrtacee in all Indian
. Species of which the ovaria is bicarpellary. There can be
. AO doubt that Lindley is right in asserting that Punica has

à plurality of carpella, but I am disposed to doubt the fact of

their being arranged in two rows.

The plurality of composition is indicated inter alia by the

. Muümber of vascular fascicles of the style, as well as by the

Sinuosities visible in the upper portion of the stigmatic canal,

/ ed Which the fascicles are always opposed, which sinuosities

d to the number of stigmata, with this

| _ umber, which varies from 5 os the cells of the ovarium,
r4

642 GRANATE.

as seen on a transverse section carried through the upper
portion have a marked correspondence, and in cases where
one is deficient, one of the septa is much increased in size,
indicating it may be fairly inferred an obliteration of the
cavity, the number agreeing with the upper tier of cells. It
seems to follow, owing to the greater permanence of the style
or stigma than of the ovarial cavity itself, that no other car-

'pella enter into the formation of the fruit, and hence the

idea of an inner or lower series is untenable. Of the greater
permanence of the styles or stigmata over the cavity of the
carpellary leaf itself ample proofs exist in Composite Grami-
nez Plumbaginez, and Cupuliferze ?

It need not therefore be insisted on, it may be sufficient to
state, that if Mr. Lindley’s view be correct, there must be
the same number of stigmata as there are cells. This I do
not find to be the case, my idea is this. The ovarium is formed
of from 5 to 8 cells, which towards the base of the fruit be-
come much distorted by various growths of the placentz,
and it is possible that a sort of dislocation adds to the con-
fusion, that the number of cells can only be ascertained by &
transverse section carried through the upper portion of the
ovarium,

The placent: are various in the situation of the upper cells,
they are always parietal, of the lower both axile, fundamen-
tal and parietal. It is a general rule that towards its apex
the pistilla when compound has a tendency to revert to its
utmost possible simplicity of structure.
The situation of the placentze of the upper cells is alone, a
great objection to Mr. Lindley’s view, since the placental
suture would, allowing it to be true, be turned away from, and
not towards the axis, an anomaly quite unheard of.

In my view the irregularity is due to cohesion, and is not
opposed to any well known law.

In very young ovaria before the appearance of the ovula,
the cells are distinctly marked oat, and they are evidently

PUNICA. 643

visible at a somewhat later period, when the ovula have just
commenced to appear. .

The affinities remain to be pointed out. These are most
marked with Soneratia and with Leptospartion Lagerstree-
mia grandiflora of Roxburgh. These three genera form a group
uniting Lythrariee with Myrtacez, which group is at once
known by its valvate calyx. They all agree in this, in the
Structure of the petals, aud ovaria, and in habit.

They differ from Myrtacez in almost every point, but the
adhesion of the calyx with the ovarium.

No pellucid dots exist in Punica, neither are there any
traces of their existence, the pellucid portions which do
exist are not of a glandular nature, and appear to depend on
obliteration of green parenchyma taking place irregularly, I
find however that in many instances, pellucid markings do
exist, but they are unaccompanied with any aroma. There
LE isa tendency towards an intromarginal vein, but to this I

~ attach little importance. : |
.. In habit and especially in the shortness of the branchlets,
there is much analogy with Pomacee, as likewise in the
tendency to become spinous, Compare this with Mespilus
Japonia, |
| , With Lythrariea they have most points in common agree-
. hg with them, especially in the valvation of the calyx, the
Structure of the petals and ovula, differing essentially in the
union of the calyx with the ovarium, or in the inferior fruit.
~ With Myrtacea they agree in opposite leaves without sti-
E. Pulee, in the inferior fruit, differing in the valvation of the

= calyx, the nature of the petals, stamina, and plura carpellisa-
tion of the ovarium.
. . Punica agrees with Memecylon in the convolute cotyle-
E dons, and among Lythrariez above all others with Grislea,
= the coloration of the flowers being in both the same, and
So far as the calyx is concerned of an unusual nature. .
What I have said about the greater permanence of the
SMemata over the lamina of the carpellary leaf is on

644 GRANATER.

reconsideration untenable, because the stigmata being
in my opinion obviously continuations of the placenti-
ferous margins of a carpellary leaf, it cannot subsist
without the other. Besides the two fascicles of vessels
of composite ovaria prove, that its formation is binary, and
hence in Polygonez and Plumbaginez, there should be an
equivalent number.

It may fairly be stated, that the least permanent part of
an ovarial leaf is the inflected margins. This subject is ill un-
derstood and can only be cleared up by extensive examina-
tion of very young ovaria. I think I have observed in
Naias, that the ovarium is formed after the ovulum, for in a
very early period, the papilla of this will be found 3 enclosed
and surrounded by two scales the coalition of which forms
the ovarium.

' The situation of the stamina in Punica is unusual and

curious reflections. Something like it occurs in
Barclaya. The usual situation of stamina is above the
petals or at any rate nearly on the same plane, and in those
cases in which the stamina are indefinite the inner ones are
generally above the outer. In Punica the reverse is the
case, the outer are indeed on the same plane as the petals,
but the rest are below these, and the innermost are so in
an unprecedented degree. It is curious that such au ar-
rangement does not occur in those cases of perigynism in
which the ovary isentirely free, and the tube of the calyx
is lined with a glandular lining of which the stamina are
evidently the continuation. :

The obliteration of various parts of vegetable tissues 18
well worthy of study, it is the exposition of such that will
settle the question whether in inferior flowers, the ovary
is united to the calyx or to an excavated torus, (Rosa ete.)-

The inferiority of a fruit is as capable of being explained
by one supposition as by the other, but if obliteration be
a rare phenom in vegetabl , we shall be authorised 1n
ing the latter, since the existence of the different lay-

PUNICA. 645

ers that otherwise should exist, seems to be by no means
frequent.

Two layers ought to exist at any rate, if the inferiority be
ascribable to adhesion of the calyx with the ovary, the
outer would be referrible to the calyx, the inner to the
torus, from which the petals and stamina are growths.

The instance Punica is precisely the reverse of that of
Nelumbium, in which there is such an enormous growth of
dise, without the production of any stamina above the ge-
neral level.

Pl. DCXXXIV.

1, Calyx before opening shewing its valvation, la do. ver-
‘tical view, .

2. Flower, 2a do. long section.

9. Stamen before maturing, inner view, 3a do. outer or
back view.

4. Perfect stamen front, a back, 5 lateral, the anthers are
curious, and differ from most others in the nearly glo-
bular connectivum.

5. Pollen, 5a do. immersed. ,
6. Stigma viewed from underneath and vertically, the
lobes seen on the face of the stigmatic canal a are o
Site to the carpella, each has a vascular fascicle, and
each becomes astigma, although this cannot be de-

monstrated in the state of maturity

7. Transverse section of style, shewing that it has several
vascular fascicles, each of which Dm to a distinct
carpellum.

. 8. Stigma of a very young bud.
9. Ovary transverse section of, near the base, where all
regularity has ceased. -
_ 9a. The same towards the apex, the number of cells ge-
.. .. nerally correspond to the number of stigmata.
Ue 10. Ovula, 10a do. longit section.

646
LL.

GRANATEZJE.

Longit section of bud l4 lines long, calyx well deve-
loped. Petals squamiform, evascular. Anthers nearly
sessile, ovuliform. Stigmata distinct and separable.

lla. Petal. 114. Stamina. llc. transverse of ovary, white

e

het
o

triangular spots represent the placentze.

. Transverse of ovary a little more advanced, still no

regularity, 4 placentze, b septa, c spaces afterwards oc-
cupied by ovula.

. From an alabastrum 21 lines long, æ placenta portion

of young ovula, b stamen, c the same submitted
to pressure contains notbing but the grumous formative
mass which appears marked out.

Alabast. 44 lines long, a stamen, 4 do. subjected to
pressure, outlines of Penais mass visible and this is
separable by pressure, c grumous formative mass,
d ovulum much enlarged, but with no annuli.

Bad 6} lines long, a long section of anther one cell
empty, the other filled with the grumous mass, ó por-
tion of this ṣọ cells towards the peripheris commenc-
ing to be distinct, c ovule, it has already commenced to
turn on its axis, the annuli are distinct, d same under
pressure shewing that there is no distinction of coats
as yet.

Bad, 8-8} lines long, a portion of formative mass, cells
now distinct and easily separable. They are curiously

marked and occasionally look as if ternarily divided,

but this may arise from the posu of the longi-

tudinal folds, 5 two cells separated 1, c, e, c ovula, 4
same submitted to pressure, shewing that the coats
have been developed by the growth ot the annuli.

The actual period of separation of the cells of pollen
from the parent cell remains to be proved or rather shewn.
e -In conclusion the structure of the ovaria of this genus is
| very curious, but is ER: on other grounds than those

1 by Dr. Lindley. -

ERP ae ee ene a ee Et RP UL ee ee

PUNICA. 647

1
The base of the ovarium of this genus, (from which part

: ideas of true structure are alone to be deduced) is bilocular,

: the cells containing an indefinite number of ovula, which are

: attached both to the axis, and to the bases of the cells, as
well as to the lowermost parts of their outer parietes,
Thus far it does not depart from the character of the order,
which is essentially completely bicarpellary. Above these
two cells are arranged in a cruciate manner, four others, which
are accupied by thick parietal placentze, on which the ovula
are arranged, these looking outwards, The above number

à however would not appear to be constant, but if the bot-

* tom be always bilocular it is quite enough.

The explanation I consider to be obvious and totally
different from that given by Dr. Lindley. For we have first
in the bottom ovary the normal dicarpellary structure, and
in addition a tendency in excess? towards parietal placen-
tation, and the anomalies of the ovary arise first from the
continuing inwards of the parietal placente to the axis,
which part is also ovuliferous at the base, and second from
growths inwards to the axis from the inner face of the
ovary, by whlch the spurious cells are produced.

In favour of this view Apteuxis is to be adduced, a Me.
lastomaceous genus in which the ovary is four celled, and
the ovula attached to the outer walls of the lower half of
each cell, and Careya, in which the placentz are parietal.
And in addition the structure of the stigma and style, which
is obviously dicarpellary.

. Lindley's view is wrong, bécause in all cases there is a
correspondence between the number of styles and the cells
of the fruit, when such arise from different carpella. The

Styles and stigmata being more permanent organs than the

ovary! asin Composita. Gramineæ etc. And because ac-

cording to this view the placental sutures of each carpel-
lum are not situated next the axis. The instance cited by

Lindley of the permanent variety of apple is decisive of

643 GRANATE,

the former law, and completely destroys his idea, unless it
can be proved that the style is composed of more than two.

This genus is I think clearly not referrable to Myrtacez;
with which order it does not at all agree in habit: in which
it resembles much more certain Pomaces, as well as in the
colour of its flowers, particularly if attention to its short
lateral branches, with respect to the assertion that Punica
has distinet traces of pellucid dots in its leaves, it must be
urged that as there is no tendency towards aroma in the
plant, so there is no reason why they should be supposed
to exist, and in addition the apparent traces that may per-
haps exist do not agree in nature with these reser-
voirs, but are rather attributable to the suppression of
green Parenchyma here and there, a circumstance of suffici-
ently common occurrence,

As to its proper station, I am by no means determined,
probably it should be placed between Melastomacez, Lythra-
riez, and Myrtacez, with this latter it has affinity with So-
neratia, if Soneratia belongs to the order, with Lythrariez
through Lagerstreemia grandiflora and Grislea, with Melasto-
macez through Memecylon.

With Poem in habit, venation, and anthers, and grant-
ing Lindley’s views to be correct in carpellation.

Examine, style its vasc. fascicles correspondence of upper
cells with those of the lower, &c.

MYRTACE.
TRISTANEA.
Tristaniee facie.

Fruticosa, subglabra, 8 pedalis. Ramuli nidis com-
pressi. Folia alterna oblongo-lanceolata, in petiolum at atte- ~
nuata obtusa integra coriacea subglabra, pellucido-punctata
venis intromarginalibus et marginibus diaphanis.

n
n
E

TRISTANEA. 649

Flores cymosi. parvi lutescentes, cymi axillares, dichotomi
velutino foliis multo breviores. Bractez lineares ad basin
cujusque pedicelli.

Cal. semi superus, tubo turbinato limbo 5-dentato, denti-
bus ovatis obtusis sinubus latis.

Pet 5 rotundata, sinuata, lucidua, sinubus calycinis in-
serta.

Stam. 5-delpha, adelpho quoque “petalis opposito, et ad
ejus basin inserta. Filamenta libera facta, filiformia, ante an-
thesin inflexa, pauca. Anth. ovate bilocul. longitud. de-
hiscentis.

LIP UNESCO Pit ERU

Stylus brevis, stigma capitatum ovarium semi inferum,
piloso sericeum, 3-loculare, loculis pluriovulatis ovula pen-
dula radicula prope hilum.

Odor. florum stercorarius, foliorum contusorum fragrans,
charactere Tristania accedere videtur.

Has. In collibus: Moulmein, Jan. 1834.

XE NET SEU

2. Tristania conferta.

Arbuscula, fol. ad apices ramor. conferta, lanceolata utrin-
que attenuata, coriacea, subintegra pellucida punctata.
|. Gemmze terminales squamis membranaceis imbricate. Cy-
3 mis subaxillarib. paucifloris, trichotomis, floribus majusculis
E aibdis,

4 Cal. tubus turbinatus, limbus 5-partit. laciniis ovatis,
: . . Buübulato-acuminatis demum ad apicem ovarii circumscissus.
E Pet. 5 fauce inserta, rotundata. Phalanges stamen 5 poly-
andrz, petalis opposite! filam capillaria [petalis subzequalia.
Anth. versatilis bilocul.

var, 3-loculare, multiovulat. aem filiforme staminibus
brevior. Stigma capitat.

Capsula vix exserta, margine calycis integra annulato, 3-
valvis apicem versus, valvis medio septiferis, semina angulata.
; Mergui : Jan, 1835.

G4

650 MYRTACE.E.

3. Tristanie affinis, Gr. Pl. DOXXXVI. Fig. III.

Arborea, ramis pendentibus, foliis alternis suboppositis
lanceolato-obovatis sessilibus obtusis, penninerviis coriaceis
subrepandis subtus rubro-maculatis impunctatis floribus
cymosis numerosiss. subsessilibus odore stercoracio, cy-
mis densis dichotomis. Petalis albis.

Cal. tubo brevi intus pilosus limbo, 5-dentato, dentum
sinubus latis.

et. 5 minima sinubus inserto. s

Stam. polyadelpha adelphis 5-petalis oppositis! Filamentis
6-10 in quoque adelpho basibus cohærentibus pubescente su-
perne libris factis glabris filiformib. inæqualib. Anther bilo-
cul, ovatæ longit. dehiscent.

Stylus subulat. exsertus. Stigma subcapitat. ovarium in-
ferum pilosus, 3-loculare, loculis 00 ovulatis, ovulis compres-
sis ab apicib. loculorum pendulis foramen hilum prope.

a. Long section of ovarium.

b. Ovula attached to placenta.

c. Transverse of ovarium,

d. Ovula seed from its attachment.

Has. Mergue. Ad littoram Madamaca: Aug. 1834. A
Tristania differt seminibus alatis.

SONNERATIA.
L Sonneratia apetala.

Arbor. elegans mediocris ramulis pendentibus tumidis ar-
ticulatis foliis oblongo-lanceolatis breve petiolatis obtusis in-
tegris, utrinque canescentibus paginis ambibus nempe sto-
matosis, margine cartilagineo, venis primariæ excepta in-
distinctis, invenula intromarginal arcuatum nexis, coriaceis.

Petiolis in ramuli articulat. basi superne excavatis. fe-
dunculi axillares et terminatis, sæpius triflora. Pedicelli
longitudine varii inter lineam et unciam teretiusculi vel nd
um Flos in pedicella apice dilatato articulat. ——

Ree wedi as X c x D Ae) ty eg eee ee
nri sce Li c o e ES TO e esM UR

SONNERATIA. 651

Alabast. turbinat. calyx, carnoso-coriaceus tubo turbinato,
ultra media 4-partitus laciniis oblongis patentiusculis :zesti- '
vat. exacte valvatis. `

Pet 0. Stamen numerosiss. estivatione introflexa, e mar-
gine disci tubum vestientis exserta, subtus erialia,

Filamenta longiuscule subulata. Anthere oblonge basi
affix biloculares longit. dehiscent. Pollen globosum.

Ovaria omnino liberum torus spongiosus crasso insidens
depressum. :

Stylus longus inestivat. introflexis cito fructus demum
e basi labens. Stigma maximum patenta fungiforme, es-
tivat. staminibus supra inflexis equitans superficies superior
rugosule medium infra 4, 5 loculares margine tantum stig-
matico e partibus 4-sepalis oppositis uniloculare vel basi lo-
culis tot quot septis apice conico ductu stigmatis tantum
forato.

Ovula 00 oblonga sub uendere foramine hilum ver-
sus tegument bina interiis tenue. Pl. DOXXXVI. Fig. IV.

Odor alabast apertor fragrant.

This plant differs from the other Sonneratie in being

apetalus, and in the maximum. dilatation of the. xoc

and perhaps in the structure of the seed.

Both it and Sonneratia vere have a peculiar aapéct de-
pendent upon the stomata being present on both sides of the
leaves, but in Duabanga, they are confined to the lower side.

On what account the genus was placed among Myrtacez
is difficult to conceive, that order being extremely well de-

fined, and presenting no approach to such a structure of the

calyx, and freedom of ovary.

If Sonneratia belongs to any order titheHo: characterised,
it is to Lythrariee, and I am at present inclined to place it
there. In this case the section will come near Lagerstroemia.

Fabricia can scarcely be Myrtaceous. -

The continuation of the ovary with the central system,
the origin of the disc. or torus and the continuation of the

652 MYRTACER.

calyx with the external system is very distinct in this plant.
The torus is evidently limited to the space between the in-
ner vessels of the calyx and the wall of the ovarium,
Fabricia Fætidia, Sonneratia, Duabanga, Rhizophore:z,
Carallia, Lythrarieze etc.
The group formed by the valvato-epigynous orders is al-
most as defined as those of the hypogynous orders.

2. Sonneratia acida.

Arbor. humilis, ramulis pedicellisque articulat. 4-gonis
fol. obovato-oblongis carnosis, integris marginib. cartilag.
venis secondariis subdistinct floribus terminal. solitariis bi-
nisve in pedicellis articulatos, articulatis magnis conspicuis.
Calyce 6-partito.

Pet totiqem angustissim. lineari-lanceolat. venosa, apici-
bus estivatione inflexis sinubus calycinis inserta, atro-san-

inea.

Filam. 00, longissima sanguinea apicibus albis, antheris
zenifaemjb. connectivo carnoso ampliato loculis angustis.

Stylus longissimus fusco-viridis. Stigma maxime varia
foveolat, Fructibus maximis, basi calyce persistente stipat.
baccat. pluri locul, polysperma, subhippocrepidiform, testa
rugosa. Embryo coronat.

Has. Adlittoram limosa. Ins. Madamacea: Feb. 1835.
Odor. pulp subaromat. subgratus sapor acidus of sour cheese
calycis lacinie persistent patentes reflexeve fructus stylis
longe apiculat. |

3. Sonneratia alba.

Arborea, 30-40 pedalis, ramis abrupte terminantib. di-
chotomis, foliis oppositis obovatis obovato-deltoideisve, ob-
tusissimis, subintegris carnosis glaucis penninervis fructibus
superis terminalibus peudulis solitariis in a 3 plo
articulatis, pi | utrin-

a
SAL,

| » 8
|
ren icr ri E 8 partito laciuin re-

nna
a”

ee re -"

RHODAMNIA. 653

flexis, stipulis apice style reliquis conicis induratis coronatis
pluri locularib. axi cellulosa. Semina in loculo quoque
plura, testa membranacea albumen 0 cotyledons carnose
plane radicula supere longa plumula inconspicua.

Has. Rhizophora inter quas frequenter occurrit Mer-
gui Madamaca, Moulmein.

The septa are boney and run in every direction consequently
most are spurious, the seeds have every imaginable directio n.

RHODAMNIA.

Rhodamnia cinerea. Jack.

Monoxera spectabilis R. W. Myrtus? spectabilis.

Common in Belookar jungle Malacca, also Mergui.

Frutex mediocris erectus ramulis teretibus, dense pube-
rulis.

Folia opposita, petioli 3-4 linealis puberuli lamina lanceola-
ta vel lanceolato-ovata cuspidato-acuminata coriacea, long. 31-
8$ unc, lat. 12, 13 lineal, ramuli unius sepe inzequalia, ob
Crescentiam terminalem innovantem, vens primarise 3 la-

les 2 arcuatz, vena intromarginali inconspicua, inter-

venius venis secondarius tenuibus oblique percursa, czte-
Tum minute reticulata, obscure pellucido-punctat. Rather
apparently dotted owing to ends of venules.

. . Subtus ad venus ferrugineo-pubescenta, alioque minutissima
|. puberula.
. Flores glomerulati in axillis in nodos insert. paucis raro
plura septem pedicelli 1, 13 lineal subtus florem bibracteolat.
cum calyce puberuli.

Calyx tubus semi ovatus limbus minute 4-dentatus. Pe-
T tala 4 alba subobovata vel oblonga extus minuto puberula,
Pátentia caduca, zxstivat. imbricata.

Stamina circiter 40, fauce calycis inserta, filamenta gracilia
fliformia ia petalis zestivatione erecta paullo breviora alba. An-

654 MYRTACE.E.

thera cordato-ovatz basi affixe, bilocul. stylus subulatus pe-
tala excedens glaber in alabastro uncinatus.

Stigma terminalis capilatus. Vertex ovaria planus glandu-
loso aspectu. Ovar. l-loculare; placentis 2 parietalibus.
Ovula 00, anatropa raphe vix plus quam } dimidiata.

Aspectus laurineus, ute etiam foliatio vel potius Memecy-
lens mediante Ewyckia.

TRYZYGIUM.
Tryzygium.

Arborea, ramulis laxis spe pendentib. fol. breviter pe-
tiolat. elongato-lanceolat. acuminato, pellucido-punctat. in-
tegerrimo glaber, juniora repanda a semper, floribus race-
. mosis albis suaviter odoratis racemis e ramis vetustioribus
ortis, abbreviatis densifloris.

Cal. tabo elongato clavato, brevissim. 5-dentat.

Pet. 5 caduca? ovat. stam. 00, filam capillare alba pa-
Stylus subulat. Stigma simplex, subacute (petalo convoluto
receptum ?) Ovaria ad medium clavi circiter, bilocul. aliquan
do 3-pluri ovulat. ovula pendula foramen apicule.

Has. In sylvis presertim ad littora Ins. Madamaca: Dec.

EvcEN1IA.

Eugenia purpurea.

Arbor 30 pedalis, formosa, ramulis compressis foliis bre-
viter petiolatis 8 uncialibus, oblongo ovatis subrepandis, sen
tis, penninerviis venis intromarginal. conspicuis pellucido-
punctatis marginibus diaphanis lucidis petiolis senioribus
cinereis squamosis. — s

Racemis abbrevatis paucifloris, subcymiformibus floribus

> La

ke S o ume ee

BARRINGTONIA. 655

Cal. tubo turbinato 4-partit. laciniis rotundatis 2 interior
majoribus. Pet. 4, rotundata, concava sepalis alternantis
fauci calycina inserta, punctata rosacea. Stam. numerosiss.
estivat. inflexa ibidem inserta, libera, filament. subulata,
.Tosacea. Anth. parvze, bilocul. longit. dehiscent. connectivo
rosaceo, Stam. interior omnia vestita, margo faucis calyci-
nee elevate glandulose crenulata pallide rosacea.

TH

SE

Stylus rosaceus subulatus staminibus, exterior vix equans,
stigma simplex ovarium 2-loculare multo ovulatum, ovula as-
cendentia et transverse. Placente carnose foramen hilum
prope. /Estivat. petal imbricata.

Oct. |
BARRINGTONIA. ‘

Barringtonia cylindrostachya.

. Ramuli crassis apice foliosi.

. . Petioli basi valde incrassata. |

. . Folia in petiolum decurrentia, lanceolata obovata caudato-

. acuminat. serrato-crenulato sub-repando. venis 2-dariis cons-

Picuis simpliciter arcuata nexis, nexuris venam intro margin

efformat ceterum reticulatis interveniis supra elevatis cum. pe-

-tiolo pedalibus vel ultra.

Spica exaxilla fol. lapsu spithamza cylindracea, soldid-
- covered with many white scars of fallen flowers, basi

ENEA linearibus transverse.

.. Flores conjesti sessilis, cal. tubo 4-gono dentibus 4 rotun-

& datis concavis.

Pet. 4 oblongo-rotundata concava. Stam. numeross.

filam. capillaceis carnes 2 uncialia. Anth. basi affix.

Annulus cupuliform elevatus extus pallidis striatus (ob

Pression filamens) inters coccineis circa styli basin.

longissimus 3 uncialis sanguineo coccineis torus in-

tion stamen quadratus. Ovar. 4-loculare septis perfectis

:
i
. Han. Mergue. Kulweng, culta florem obsaporem acidum :
|
:

656 MYRTACEA,

tenuibus ovula 4, 5 angulo interior apice affixa anatropa
superiora subascendent. inferiori subpendula obvenas tegum.
exterior angulato-sulcat. foramine infero spectant.

Has. Malacca at Verupha Aloor Gagal, a very distinct
species. |

B. foliis longe petiolatis lanceolato-obovatis caudato-acu- |
minatis, spica cylindracea, robusta, ascendens (purpurea),
floribus conjestis calycis 4-fida tubo 4-gono, ovario 4-locu-
lare, ovulis 4-5 apicalibus fructibus. |

This makes the 4th Malacca species.

B. racemosa. |

B. conoidea. \

. alata.

B. cylindrostachya.
Barringtonia conoidea, Gr. Pl. DOXXXV.

Frutex vel arbuscula, ramulis subsulcatis.

Folia apices versus ramulor. confertis alternis exstipulatis
e basi cuneato-cordatà obovato-oblonga breviter petiolatis
subcoriaceis acutiusculis crenato-serratis.

V. secondar arcuatum nexis, interveniis reticulatis.

Racemis axillaribus vel rarius terminal. szpius exaxillis
vetustioribus, foliis brevioribus erectis, paucifloris.

Pedicellis in urceolum carnosum articulatis bracteis cadu-
cis, subclavatis fere uncialibus.

Cal. tubus subcylindraceus, of largish diameter basi pro-
cessubus gibbosis 8, limbo bipartito laciniis ovato-oblongo
reflexo patent. concavis post anth. erectis persistent.

Cor. ampliuscula, e petalis 4, mediante filament leviter
gamopetalis ovato-lanceolatis carnoso-coriaceis, margine re-
volutis vel etiam convolutis.

Stam. 00, basi altiuscula connata, filam capillacea 80-

alata longissimus. E rs j
T Anth oe £e Kao WOO tale eee US bilocul. Pol-

*

Pasay oe See 8-7 19 ae ee ee
soe iS Ce terete N ane

BARRINGTONIA. 657

Ovarium omnino inferum, 4-loculare, oyulat. cuique loculo,
ex apicem fere pendent. foramine hilum prope supero, stylus
circiter longit. stamine sanguineo. Stigma terminal Mar
majusculum. Fructus vide contra.

Fructus subbaccatus conoideus penduli pauci in racemo
quoque basi alis suboctonis medium versus evanidis, apice
calyce immulato connivent urceolo stylique basi coronat.
viridis unilocularis endocarpio fibroso semini satis forme
adherent.

Semen unicum subovat. ovi (pullet) magnitud.

Tegument l-submembranacea tenue basis pluribus latis,
€ chalaza subradiant apicem geometri seminis fere attingent
in concavitat. embryonis superfice quasi receptis.

Embryo conferrumin. superficei sulcis parum profundis
€xarat. squamulis ut videtur nullis.

The original axis of ovarium is in B. racemos, pushed
to one side, laying close to the inner wall of endocorp, and
is to be easily mistaken for a linear raphe-like placenta from
the apex of which the seed hangs, about the apex of the seed,
a$ in that species the abortive ovula are to be found.

Systema centrale subovutum indistinct. |

The seed of Barringtonia is sufficiently remarkable, I ima-
Bine the central part represents above, the radicle ; below, the
Plumule, and I also imagine that all the parts between the
lowest scales of the superficies and the radicle is adherent
cotyledon, or is it an instance of an immense radicle,
and two or several minute cotyledons (represented by scales
ànd an inconspicuous plumula.)

' To this, which is suggested by the radicular central -sys-

tem being internal, not reaching the superficies, there is a
great ólinetico i in the irregularity in number and situation of
the

scales, The internality may arise from the cotyledons

a being produced into basilar auricula es and enclosing

the root, as occasionally happens.
The development only will clear up the point, for even if
R4

658 MYRTACEE.

the scales become enlarged foliaceous during germina-
tion, they will not, I think necessarily become plumularily,
some cotyledons during germination becoming decidedly
leafy.

On the whole, this peculiar embryo appears to me dis-
tinctly analogous to that of Dracontium and in a less degree
to that of Cryptocoryne.

The leaves are distinguished from those of B. racemosa
by the cordate or even bi-auriculare base, and by the con-
sequent less spathulation.

Can this be B. alata Wall. Cat. e Moulmein.

Species distinct, fruticosa, racemis erectis paucifloris, lo-
culis ovarium uniovulatis, ealyce basi gibberibus. Fructibus
conoideis, basi alis carinisve amplis (gibberibus amplia-
tis.)

Has. In limosis ripis rivuli Malacca consociata cum
Tylophora, Cerbera, Barring. racemosa. Pandano, Po-

lt is here, that we have a direct passage Ternstramiacee
and Guttiferze, Lindley says no characters have as yet been
assigned to these plants by which they may be known from
Myrtaceæ except their alternate dotless leaves, yet under
Lecythidacez, he says that though combined by D C.
and others with Myrtacez they differ most essentially in
their alternata often serrated leaves without pelluced dots.
A ætidią cannot t belong here.

1. Plant reduced about $.
2. Flower bud.

E
BARRINGTONIA, 659

8. Back do.
9, 9. Pollen in water J).

10, Pistillum.

ll. Apex of style, shewing the stigma.

12. Transverse double section of style shewiug its vascu-
arity.

13. Long section of ovarium.

14. Transverse double do. of do. near apex of cells and
where they are not complete to each placenta are at-
tached two ovula, one of these however is not seen al-

E ways.

E 15. Do. lower down, where the septa are complete.

16. Ovulum. i

17. Do. long section, I am not sure whether the inner
bottle-shaped thing is nucleus alone or nucleus and

D. second tegumen closely cohering, but think the latter.

| . 48. Gemma, to shew the vernation and exstipulation.

SEIT > S E E EN n er pres
TRES EA =i

Pl. DOXXXVI. Fig. I.

1. Fruit of B. conoidea.

2. Long section of same.

3. Pericarp for the most part cut away, intended to shew
the rapbe-like axis of the ovarium at a,a, a. An
abortive ovulum is seen near the apex.

4. Seed.

5. Base of do. shewing the ramifications of the raphe.

6. Do. long section, a plumula end of ceutral system,
5, b end of peripherical system, where two notches are
seen,

_ B. racemosa, PL. DCXXXVI. Fig. IT.

l. Fruit of B. racemosa. |
- 2. Do, half pericarp. cut away. — — II
— . 9. Seed detached with raphe-like original axis, ovarium
— . barren ovula also represented.

660 MYRTACEE.

. Plumular end of seed shewing the minute scales.

. Transverse section of seed shewing the indentations or
furrows of the embryo corresponding to branches of
raphe.

. Long section, a apex of plumular end, 4, b primary

or first formed scales, c, c secondary formed do.

e ou

o

CAREYA.

]. Careya herbacea, Pl. DCXXXIV. A. Fig. I.

Sepala 5 basibus coalita persistentia. Pet. 5 estiva-
tione imbricata hypogyne demum aucta.

Stam. 5 petalis alternant toro paulo elevato inserta.
Ovarium unicum 1l-loculare, sessile in toro staminifaro-
MUR Plon és. Stigma peltato-capitat.

Els)

petalis ampliatis foliaceis
odoratis patentissimis suffaltus. Semen unicum Cl. Linnea.
Pentand monog. Ordorat. Cassuviez.

Has. Arbo polygama, alta magna facie mangiferz resi-
nosa folia lanceolata coriacea irregulariter pellucido-punctato.
Paniculz florum axillares terminalisque.

Dioica bracteole 2-subflora, cal. profund and partit.
in lacinias 4 persistentis imbricatos.

Pet. 5 hypogyna sepalis opposita !! zstivat. imbricat.

Stam. 00, hypogyna subrubra. Anthere adnate li-
neares, apice truncate. Fm. cal. corollaque ut in mar.
Stam. 00 hypogyne abortiva. Ovar. 2-loculare super locu-
lis 2-ovulatis, ovulis pendulis styli 2 breviss. stigmato 2, re-
niforme maxime inciso-dentato. ;

Baccæ supera globosa, exsucca, calyce persistente subam-

pliata stipat. 2-locularis, irregulariter valvata rumpens.

| subglobosus pomi magnitudine, calycis la-
Aces epi apicibus sphacelatis, rectis tubum ef-
| cm. cem styli basi persistente api-

—

CAREYA. 661

culatus (caro copiosa spongiosa aquose, 4-locularis indehis-
cens, loculis distincte formz varie pluris permi. Semina
ovula compressa angulis interioribus affixa, carne quasi
nidulantia glabra, cinereo-brunnea.
Tegumentum simplex e membranes 2 coalitis, quorum in-
terius tenuissimum album in externis brunneum.
Hilum parvum.
E Albumen carnosum album.
j Embryo axillis indivisus albumine coalitus radicula conica
ad hili latus versus. Plumula indivisa ad extremitata oppositis
seminis,
The tegument adheres to the seed, so I do not yet know
if scales exist on the surface of the embryo.
At first the long section shews only two notches, then it
Shews 4, the 2 lastly nearly enclosing the plumula, the whole
periphery except where the teeth are, is densely cellular, the
inner part and the teeth are much less opaque.
a. Arilla.
b. Inner tegum and nucleary combined.
€. Embryonary, thick below like young albumen, above
very thin.
d. Testa,
e. Raphe.
J. Free, so not nucleary.
g. Embryo.
A. Cotyledon.
l. Apex of plumula.
m. Belongs in appearance to the outer system.
J, k. White spongy.

2. Careya pendula.

= Arbuscula, humilis fol. alternis apices ramulorum versus
Confertis, lanceolato-oblongis, utrinque attenuatis pedalibus
et ultra, subserrulatis impunctat. penninerviis, veniis intra
Marginalit, indistinctis. Spicis e ramis adultioribus ortis,

CHEN EN LIC EcL UM Wt en

662 RHIZOPHORACER.

longissimis, 2} pedalibus sulcatis, densifloris, floribus mag-
nis, e bracteatis calyce viridescent fusco. Pet. sanguineis
stam albis.

Cal. subobovat. tubo ultra ovar. parum producto, 4-fidus
laciniis rotundis erectis, persistent.

Pet. 4 calyce inserte.

Stam. 00, longissima basi monadelpha externis longior in-
terioribusque breviorib. sterilibus. Anth. subulat. Anth.
bilocul. longit. dehiscent. Discus epigynus luteus glan-
dulosus annuliformis, styli basi cingens. Stylus longissima,
3-uncialis rosaceus stigma obtusum subcapitat. ^ Pollen
ovata lzve hinc sulcat.

Ovar. 4-loculare, loculis pluri-ovulat. ovulis placentis
axillibus transverse affixis subbiseriatis, ventricosis exostomia
constricto septis tenuibus placentis apices versus ovuliferis.
Pl. DCXXXIV. Fig. A

Has. Mergue. In sylvis collinis Patoor unica specimen,
et spica una adhere tantum vidi.

Careya pendula, arbuscula, foliis oblongo lanceolat. peda-
libus utrinque attenuatis, floribus spicato racemosis, racemis
pendulis longissimus. Odor. florum ingratus.

Careya macrostachya Jack, Mal. Misc.

RHIZOPHORACEA.
RnuizoPHoRA.

General Remarks.

In this tribe the radicle is developed before it reaches the
ground, it passes out at the apex of the ovarium. The
edges of the opening becoming brown and ragged. The
exserted part of the radicle is green, it is at first. subulated
ten enced eres ieee, o xt diameter. i$

amita emi i dae: Jn

bs

A WORT EIU es

NOT PIU VE

RHIZOPHORA, 663

at about $ from the apex. Towards the point the radicle be-
comes indurated and at the very apex, there is a brown cal-
lous spot. The induration increases. in extent as the root
increases in length. The anatomy is simple, from the col-
let to the commencement of the induration, it is entirely
cellular. It consists of a rather thick outer tunic or bark,
and of a central cellular part. The cells of the central part
are rather larger, but otherwise do not differ from those of
the bark, they are lax and of a rounded form, and contain
many amylaceous globules. In the roots which have reached
an inconsiderable length, the cells are chiefly of a brown
color, but this color disappears in a great measure after-
wards. Among the brown cells, larger and more prominent
Ones are visible. The central part is thickest towards the
collet. The bark is thickest at the thickest part of the root.

_ The woody fibre is very dense and coheres very strongly to-
_ gether. It has no connexion with the collet, and reaches in

à radicle of 5 or 6 inches in length to an inconsiderable dis-

_ tance, say 1 or 1} inches. The fibres do not occupy the
. Whole of the substance except at the very apex. At a dis-
. fance of 14 line from this part, the original cellular centre
.— ls still visible.

Queries, are there stomata? 2. Is the fibrous tissue origi-
nally connected with the collet, or is it formed in an ascend-

ing direction? 3. At what period is the whole of the radicle

(s pied by this tissue ?

Has. Mergue.

l. R. decandra, Roxb.

= Cuar, Frutex, — ccce obtasisaimis.

calycibus 5-6 6 partit. staminibas 10-12,
` Pet. concavis apicibus aristato erectis conniventib. laci-
niatis, flam. longiusculis. Anth. bilocular longit. intror-

664 RHIZOPHORACE X.

sumque dehiscent. Pedunculis interdim 2-3 floris, foribus
inconspicuis viridescent. Pet. albidis apices versus demum
brunnescent stigmat. subsimplice obtuso, fructibus clavatis

5-6 uncial. sulcatis calycis laeiniis patentibus nec reflexis.

The radicle consists chiefly of cellular tissue, the proportion
of woody fibre being very small and confined to the cir-
cumference of the central part.

2. Rhizophora macrohiya, Gr.

Arborea, foliis ovato-ellipticis, mucrona sphacelato-ter-
minatis coriaceo-carnosis, subtus brunneo-punctulatis, venis
secondariis indistinctis cymis supra axillaribus, subnutanti-
bus, paucifloris floribus 8 andris petalorum marginib. dense
villosis, fructibus maximis pendulis verrucosis.*

3. R. pauciflora.

Arbuscula fol. lanceolat. obtusiusculis. Pedunculis axil-
larib. petiolor. longitud. dichotoma 3-floris, calycis tubo
elongato fusiformi limbo 8 fido. Pet. apicibus aristato laci-
niatis petalis subcucullatis, Anth. bilocul. longit. dehis-
cent filament longiusculis. Discus epigynous carno-
sus. ;

Fructibus cylindraceo-subulatis dentibus levibus obtusis
apicibusque foveolatis calycis fructus dentis erecte radicule
basin amplectent, floris subodorata contuse aromatica.

4. R. parviflora. Cotyledons ovatze carnose plano-convex®
plumula conspicua intra cotyledons obcondit. materia lucida
mucilaginos. nidulans.

In R. candilaria and R. macrorhiza, They are fleshy, coria-
ceous and consolidated, the plumula is very conspicuous and
large received into the prolongation of the cotyledon, which

_.* Besa paperin the Transactions of the Med. and Phys. Society
of Calcutta, 1835, —— | : |

* .

RHIZOPHORA. 665

_ is of the same appearance as the radicle and articulation with
it at the base of the plumule.
The cotyledons are more or less conical from the middle
upwards.
.... Tn R. decandra they are broadest at the bane or upwards,
The fungous substance which surrounds the base of the co-
tyledons of these 3 species appears to originate from the
coats of the ovulum, which at a subsequent period become
detached and pushed towards the bottom of the pericarpial
cavity. In these three species the apex of the ripe ovary,
ls exserted, in other words, it is-only 4 inferior, coupled with
this, we have cotyledons of a peculiar form and consolidated,
. and the bases of which are naked. .

5. Rhizophora stylosa, Gr. Pl. DOXXXX.

Arbuscula, gemmis 3 uncial. subulat. fol. longiuscule pe-
- fiolatis lanceolato-obovatis vel oblongis, coriaceis, subtus in-
‘Signiter punctat. cuspidato-mucronatis, margine sepe recur-
vo superne indistineti peuniveniis. Pedunculi axillares. di-
chotomi, dichotomis sæpius, dichotome 4 flori. Bractea
. Cupuliformis subbiloba subflorem quemque et quamque ra-
. Wificatur, P
Cal. tubus obconicus laciniæ 4 triangular ovata.

. Pet. reflexa margine leviter recurv. villosiss. per æstiv.
anth. anteposit. 14 amplecteis.

. Stam. 8 sessilia, his petala ante positis mucronatis aliis
Obtusiusculis, stylus longus. Anth. subequans apice bi-
fid,

Stigmata simplicia indistincta. Ovar. biloculare loculis
diovulatis ovulis pendulis tegmine crasso unico.

.. Ons, The walls of the cellslaxly cellular, almost filamen-
tous, particularly in the fandus where this lax substance is of
_ Considerable amount.

: Fructus | pendulis collatio exserto. Radiens ae subu-

666 RHIZOPHORACEX.

lato-clavata leviter verrucos. calycis tubus obovato obpyri-
form, laciniis immulatis reflexis.

Has. Malacca. In littoribus limosis, Pulo Bissar.

Differs from R. conjugata in its smaller stature, length of
style, and smaller radicles, more villous petals, more elon-
gated base of flower, etc.

The species are very difficult of discrimination, no charac-
ters can be drawn from the leaves.

1. Portion of a plant nat. size, except the fruit, which is

not fully developed.

. 2. Bud, the sinuses have subprocesses, wherein another
approach to Lythrariz.

3,4,5. Views of expanded flowers.

6. Partium situs et alternation.

7. Lateral of anthers, alternate with petals.

8. Oblique of anther opposed to petal, 1 am not sure
whether the one is mucronate, the other is emucronate
alwa

9. Transverse of anther.

10. Calyx and pistillum, one lacinia of calyx removed.

1l. Long section of pistillum, below the ovula is much lax
filamento-cellular substance, a provision for the rapid
growth of the embryo.

13. Ovulum.

.14. Long section of do., I am not sure whether they have a
second tegmen or not, if so, it is united to nucleus the
cavity of which at this period is very distinct.

The ovarium of Rhizophorez, is at an early period alto-
gether superior, consisting of two fleshy scales with their
margins rolled in; if mature it would be described as ovaria
e folliculis 2 compositum.

The calyx then consists of 4 triangular thick coriaceous
Sepals, entirely enclosed in the connate bractes, the inner
angle cedi in the axis; except at the base, it is at a later
| paepe inferior,

Rig SR

RHIZOPHORA. 667

- The stamina appear as of the innermost ledalins was
much the smaller.

lf the above sections be compared, it will be seen that the
line of attachment of the ovula remains throughout nearly
the same, and that the principal changes consist in the
elongation of the so called tube of the calyx which is obvi-
ously nothing but pedicel.

In R. conjugata the slight inferiority of the cells, if at all
is perhaps more evident. In both what is sufficiently re-
markable the epigynous or rather hypogynous disk is an
evident extension of the ovaria tissues.

In both the appearances of inferiority are heightened by
the disappearance of the lax tissue of the apex of the pe-
dicel, by which a cavity for the most part inferiur may be
obviously formed.

Another circumstance, to be borne in mind, is the pre-
Cise line of discretion of the sepals, for the two do not cor-

E Tespond, if this be taken from the outer edge, the cells

are not inferior at all, if from the inner they are slightly.

- The phenomena are included in an elongation of the pe-
dicel, by which the calyx appears furnished with a tube, and
by the development of a glandular disc from around the base

of the ovary, by which the petals and stamens are elevated

above the original common line of attachment.
In this instance there is nothing to warrant the adhesion

Of the calyx to the ovarium, the parts always maintaining

their original correspondence.

- (Candelaria.) Rhizophora.
Arbuscula foliis ovatis mucrona sphacelato terminatis, co-

.Tlaceo carnosis subtus brunneo punctulatis, venis. second,
distinctioribus. ^ Pedunculis axillaribus bifloris, petiolis 3
plo brevioribus, floribus 12 andris, fructibus subulato clavatis,
‘Sublevibus nutantibus.

These two species are with respect to foliage very similar.

668 RHIZOPHORACES,

The trunks of both are supra terraneous. The first
is a low tree, the second has scarcely any trunk, being a
mere crown, the base of which reaches the high water mark,

In R. odorata, the petals only embrace during estivation
their respective stamens, they are white fleshy and sweet
smelling. The structure of the anthers is very remarkable
the connective is fleshy and large, the pollen is lodged in
cavities arranged closely along its flattened sides and right
and left with regard to the axis, these cavities or sacs have
no mutual communication, the cuticle of the connection at
any early period entirely continues with the substance, a
short time before expansion separates along the flattened
sides into unequal valves, the inner of which becomes en-
tirely free from its original connection, except at its base,
the outer by far the larger remaining attached by its apex and
base. The connection is thus exposed, it presents a locular
appearance, the areoli corresponding to the originally closed
sacs. The inner valves ata more advanced period incline
inwards over the style and stigma. The same organisation
occurs in R. Mangle.

The direction of future separation of the valves is indicated
by a faint linear depression. Both these species have the
same structure of roots, i. e. soft and exceedingly fine woody
- fibre, imbedded in lax amylaceous cellular tissue. The bark
contains in abundance hard roundish bodies, lodged in ca-
vities of the nature of which I am quite ignorant.

6. Carallia densiflora.

Arbor. humilis ramulis compressis fol. breve petiolat. ova-
tis oblongo-ovatisve crenulatis coriaceis, longitud. latitu-
dinem duplo superante.

Cymis axillaribus oppositis dichotomis folio brevior capi-
tellatis, densifloris foribas inconspicuis viridi, albis, odora
forte i

ingrato.
Cal, tube: brevi ad medium usque bipartit. laciniis lan-
: estivat. valvatis,

4
3
|
1

BRUIGUIBRA, 669

Pet 6-7 ovata, inciso-sinuata, sinubus calycinis inserta,
quoque stamen oppositum estivat. fovens. Stam. petalor.
numero duplo,libera perigyna filam. crassa subulata, tubo
calycina ad medium fere ejusdem parietibus accreta papil-
loa, Anth. bilocul. longit. dehiscent. versatilis. Pollen ob-
longa discus perigynus elevatus crenulatus crassus ovaria
isin cingens.

Stylus filiformis, stigma capitat. 4-lobum, lobis rotundis
cruciatis. Ovar. semi inferne nempe basi disco perigyno ace-
ret, 4 locul., 2 ovulatis, ovulis pendulis, dispositione intror-
sum obliquis, foramen superne hilum prope ovul. integu-
ment. ovula per distincte, stipulis uncialib. caducis.

lan. In aquosis circa Mergui : Dec. 1834.

BnviGUIERA.

Bruiguiera. 10-angulata, Gr.

Foliis ad apices ramor. confertis petiolis uncialibus lami-
- mis lanceolatis acuminatis integerrimis, one side with a
longitudinal flattish depression, vena centrale distinct, se-
. condariis arcuatis, subtus etiam indistinctis.

Gemmar. squamis 2-uncialibus subfoliaceis.

Alabastrum decurvatis.

Floribus axillaribus solitariis oppositis, ascendent vel j
nutant. Pet. 6-7 linea albus amplis [4 uncial pedicello
tubo calyce duplo brevior.

Cal. tubus obconicus, lÜ-angulatus, angulis cum ochro-
leucus rubro tinctis laciniis trigono-subulatis, duplo longi-
oribus, apice incurvis, alternis,

Petala castanea conduplicato, elastica semi aperient la-
Ciniis calycis paullo breviore margine breve villosa ad medi-
um fere biloba, sinu longe setigero lobis infra apicem o
l.setigeris,

Stam. 2 in sinu cujusque petalo. Filament filiform alba
ab ! contorta. Anth. linear connect. basi breve.

670 RHIZOPHORACE.E,

Stylus subulatus. Stigma radiis 4-bicalcaret minutis, pe-
tala equante.

Ovar. 9, 10 angulata.

Ovaria l-loculare, placentis 4 ad centrum productis sed
non unitis, intimo margine incrassato utrinque l-ovuligero,
ovula, 8 pendula.

The ovary is distinctly 1-celled at the base, all the ovula
coming out together even from the pressure in cutting a
transverse section, underneath the mass of ovula is a cru-
ciately divided white cellulo filamentous looking substance.

This is the contrary of what usually happens with regard
to septa of compound fruit, which are very commonly in-
complete towards the apex, but never, so far as I know com-
plete in the middle and incomplete at the base.

Evidently an undescribed species unless it is Loureirois

sex angula. -

2. Bruiguiera parietosa, Gr. Pl. DCXXXXI. B. eriopetala.

Fructus patentes vel pendula, calycis tubus ampliatus,
obconico-pyriform angulis obsoletis tot quot sepalis, usque
alternant. Sepal. immulatis patente ascendentibus incur-
vat.

Tigellus exsertus 21 uncialis, sursum leviter curvatus,
inzequilateral. apice constrictiusculo, viridis obsolete sub

gonus.

Collet. much constricted, cotyledones hzemisph:zerieze
spongioso cellulosa, contained in a thick coriaceous leathery
tegument, attached above round the base are the remains
dark brown of the abortive ovula.

Number of parts of flower uncertain 8 to 12, of ovary
sometimes 3.

Plumula conspicua viridis.

1. Plant natural size.

_ 2. Petal laterally from a bud.
= Same after dehiscence.

— atai iai

BRUIGUIERA. 671

4, 5. Same after dehiscence, the bimucronate base of con-
nective shewn in 5.

6. Front and back view of do. after dehiscence.

7. Pollen.

8. Long section of ovarium.

. 9. Cross do. of style.

10. Upper part of style.

1]. Long double section of upper part of ovary, shewing
that the placente form a pendulous mass with the
ovula, that does not reach to the fundus of the cavity.

12, Upper ovula.

13. Lower do.

13, Transverse of ovarium near the fundus of the cavity.

14. Do. about the centre, the part where the placental in-
trant angles reach the axis nearly.

15. Lower down, do. near the lower free end of the pla-
centa. ‘

16. Long section of fruit, a testa, b cotyledons, c plumula,

17. Placenta, ovula and base of style, the rest of ovary cut
away, ovules in pairs in this nearly collateral, pairs di-
vided from each other by a cellular floccous substance.

: Circumcision of ovary of Bruguiera another generic dis-
ion.

4

3. Bruiguiera Rheedii, PI. DCXXXV. Fig. IV.

.. €. Circums. capsule.
. 6. Radicle.

e. Barren ovule.
f- Plumule.
g- Cotyledon.
^. Line of rupture.
i. Ovula nicer
J. Radicle
" Collet. 1. Cotyledon.

672
MEMYCYLEA.
Apreuxis,
. Apteuzis trinervis.

Fruticosa glabra foliis oppositis breviter petiolatis ovatis
acuminatis obtusis, subcoriaceis, 5-nerviis, nervis 2 lateral te-
nuibus, floribus cymoso-paniculatis, czeruleis, paniculis axil-
Jarib. trichot. foliis multoties breviorib. Pedunculis pedicel-
lisque angulatis articulatis, bracteis minutis ad articulum
quemque. Cal. tubo globosa extus areolato limbo truncato
brevissima 4-dentato. Pet. 4. Stam. 8 zestivation inflexa, con-
nectivum e glandulosum basi l-denticulat. margine calycis
insidentia cerulea, stylus filiformis, ceruleis longe exsertus.
Stigma obtuse 4-gonum ovarium calyce adnatum, 4-loculare,
placentis carnosis 4, parietalibus ond 00, ascendentibus,
foramen hilum versus.

Has. In sylvis, Mergui: Kwlwing, Aug. 1834.
The same.

Cal. intus plicis nullis, tubo globoso limbo subtruncato
brevissima 4-dentato. Pet. 4, stam. 8, connectivum e glan-
dulosum basi l-denticulatum, Stylus longe exsertus, stigma
obtusa 4-gonum, ovarium 4-loculare, ovula 00, placentis, 4
carnosis parietalibus affixa.

rutex x glaber. foliis oppositis, acuminatis 3-nervus inflores-

-axillari-cymoso-paniculata. Nomen dedit apteuxis
quoniam. calyx plicis eget. :

. Memycylon emendandus, nempe. Sua. in specie

una, (M. buxifolium mihi.) 4-connectivum 1-glandulosum,

.. ovariu re 9-ovulatum, ovulis placenta "iba bre-

E riss, afixa, 8 demum abortient ibus, Semen erectum, ;

iB

Coo

MEMYCYLON.

Memycylon cordatum Gr.

Foliis subsessilibus, ovato-cordatis obtusis, glaberrime in-
tegerrima carnosis marginib. diaphanis revolutis, sparsum
pellucida punctatis, floribus umbellat. saturati cyaneis, tubo
extus rubescente umbellis abbreviatis, axillaribus alternis nec
Oppositis. — Pedicellis brevibus medium versus articulatis
ibique bibractealatis, colora infra articulo virida supra ro-
Sàceo. Š

Cal. truncatus mucronatis 4 loco dentium. Pet. 4
- (æstivatione convoluto,) intus bases versus intense cæru-
. leis.

Stam. 8 calyce parum longiora, 4 sepalis, 4 petalis al.
ternantia, Filam. breviss. cerulee connectiv. maximum,
antica l-zlandulosum. Anth. infera quoad connectiv. bilo-
cul, longit. dehiscent.

Stylus filiform cæruleis stigma fusiform cæruleum, ova-
rium inferrum sed liberum, carpella plura 9, circa axim 0,
disposita, 1 ovulata, demum, 1l spermum reliquis pushed to
9ne side and abortive. Radicula hilum versus.

Has. Ad littora ins. Madamacca: Aug. 1834.

2. Memycylon ramiflorum.

Arborea ramulis sub 4-gonis, foliis breviter petiolatis ovu-
libus ovatisve, oblique emarginatis subintegrisve, juniorib.
marginibus et nervo primario purpurascent seniorib. margi-
nibus cartilagineis, Inflorescentia umbellato-corymbosa ra-
mulis 4-gonis, floribus in umbellis, terminalibus, parvis.
: yx carneis, limbo fere integro. Corolla pallide purpurea.
Staminib. saturatius. Stylo stigmatique rosaccis, exsertis,
Bracteola minima ad basin pedicellorum.
Has. In aquosis, Bagtow, Mergui medula accedit.
Orarium ut in aliis, 1 loculare, 9 ovulatum.

K 4

674
MELASTOMACE.
GEN. NOVUM.

Frutex scandens, caulibus teretibus glabris fol. distantia,
petiolis superne papillus subulata hispidulis gerent, oblongo-
ovat. basi cordata acuminat. 5-nervia, glabra. Paniculis ter-
minalibus et in axillis foliorum summor. ramulis sub 3-flores.
Pedicellis basi articulatis, lateralibus bibracteolat. bracteolis
caducis, medio nudo, floribus inconspicuis parviusculis. Pet,
extus albida intus carnea.

Cal. tubus ovatus ultra ovar. longiusculi product limbo
truncato integerrimo, exappendiculato fauce annulo, petala
Btamenque gerente subclausa.

Pet, 4-5 sessile ovulia subpatentia.

Stam 8-10 ibidem inserte alterna petalis alternantia
sterilia complanato corpus erecta dilatat. viridescens, lo-
bata denticulatumque dorso planum, lateribus basi vel sim-
plicibus vel in calcarib. dorsum productis calcare utrinque
filamento approximato, intus e medio limbo processus cal-
cariformis subulatus longissimus filam excedens oritur ferti-
lia filam. conforme sed latiora. Pl. DLXXXV. Fig.
VIII.a, inner, b outer. Anthere per estivat. inflexa
longissinz poris terminal dehiscent connectivo loculis-
que basi plus minus in loculis, viridulis denticulat. product.
Stylus subulato filiformis exsertis stigma truncat. papillosum

. ovarium 3-loculare poly-ovulat. ovulis placentis carnosis intus

productis affixis.

Ovarium calycemque in his loculis. — Anthere per dura-
tion? saltem per anthesin nidulant,

Or. calyce superficie omne nec adnat. sed calycis paries
interior 4-5 ties in ovarium inflectitur cumque accrescit.
wai loculi 4-5 ad sunt inter. PL DL LXXXV. A.

675

MELASTOMA.
Melastoma glauca, Pl. DOXXXVII.
Oseckia.
Oleckia sp. PILDCXXXIX. Fig. I.
SONERILA.

Sonerila bullata Gr.

__. Ramulis compressis, the broadest side sulcate, fol. longe

petiolat. petiolis apicem versus, planis Supra et marginat.
fol. subcordato, vel elliptica basi subcordata acuminata in-
tegra glabra supra nitentissima, interrenusque bullato-clava-
tis, subtus pallidus supra atro viridib. 5-tupli veniis, ^ Pani-
culis terminal et ex axillis folior. paris ultima ramis tetra-
gonis, plus minus ferrugineo-furfuracea divisionibus utimis
subumbellatum florigeris basi bracte folior. conduplicate de-

|. Curva, :
—— . FL numerosiss. inconspicui viridescent minute 3.lineales,

Cal. media infra ovatus sursum ampliatus, ore lato 4 den-

b. tato, extus farinoso furfurac.

Pet, convol. imbricata demum patentia calyce duplo bre.
vior lata ovata. |

Stam. 8 uniforme alterna minora omnia fertila filam.
calyce fere duplo longiorib. Anth. adnate arcuate apice
poro | dehiscent, Connectivo basi centralia in subu-
lam apice trisetosam product, discus 4 gonus carnosus, epi-
Byna

Stylus robustus declinatus calyce paullo longior. Stigma

.. Simplex punctiform.

Ovaria in basi ovata calycis hinc adnat. the longer stamen

. alone in zstivat. between it and the calyx, to any depth,
-. €-loeulare, ovula 00, placentis carnosis, exangulis central pro-
duct

LJ

676 MELASTOMACE.

Has. Malacca. A remarkable species, certainly allied to
the cordate, Sonnerila from Ayer Punnus. The species is re-
markable for its bullate very shining leaves.

2. Sonerila picta.

Caulibus ramosis simplicibusve 4-gonis, rubescent cum
petolis, fol. lanceolat. utrinque acuminat. serratis penniner-
vus linea alba, marginibus irregularibus vel maculis albis
confertis utrinque nervi medio. Racemis terminal. axillaribus-
que 4-gonis, secundis, apices versus rosaceis diaphanisque,
floribus conspicuis pulchra rosaceis.

Stam. 3 filam. sursum, curvat. rosaceis. Anth. subsagittat. .
flave longius. acuminate apicibus poro l dehiscent.

Stylo longiusculo rosaceo subulato declinato, stigma capi-
tat. albidum. 3

Cal. albidus. Pet. extus parea pilosa.

Has. Mergue. In rupibus ad margines nervi prope Palar,
Oct. 1834.

3. Sonerile sp.

Fol. cordato-oblongis obliquis strigosis subtus sanguineo-
purpurascentibus. Pet. 3 oblonga rosacea in dorso subhis-
pida. Stamen anth. lutea medium supra purpurascent, variat:

foliis supra atro viridibus pilisque purpureis

Has. In rupibus umbrosis, Churra, Oct. la, 1835.

4. Sonerile sp.
. Caulibus pedalibus, fol. oblongo ovatis, rugosus basi in-
zequalibus supra maculis crebris rotundatis albis medio pili-
feris, subtus secus venas purpureis. Racemis secundis apice
dense floriferis.

Has. Churra, Oct. 11th, 1835.

5. Sonerile sp.

- Herba minima variabilis, uncialis simplex vel 3-4, un-
cialis ramonare, caulibus ramisque scabris rubescentibus foliis

e W

SONERILA. 677

ovatis novem pilosis, pilis magnis in petiola attenuatis, flori-
bus breve pedunculatis. :
.. Pet. suborbicularib. rosaceis. Stam. 3 antherz ovate basi
Cordatz ibidem affixe, erostrate! declinati ut stylus ruber
antheras excedens.

AB. Khasyah mounts, Inter gramineas, in collis Nung-
klow: Nov. 17th, 1835.

TREMBLEYA.

Trembleya Rhynanthera.

Suffruticosa, erecta, ramosa. Rami scabri, subtetragona
juniores squamosa. Fol. petiolat. lanceolat. acuta, subin-
. tegra, 5-venia, supra glabra, subtus glauca et squamis minu-
tissimis pilisque scabra. Petioli semiteretes. Flores cons-
picui rosacei terminales 4-5 congesti quorum centralis e
bracteatus, ante alios florens. ^ Bractez inzquales infera
major.
... Cal. superus, tubo cylindrico undique squamis imbricato
5-partit. laciniis lanceolato-linearibus, acutis, sinubus latis,
Ad sinum quemque squama major. setigera. :
. Pet 5 ovata fauce inserta sessilia, laciniis calycinis alter-
nantia,
Stam 10, fauce paullo infra petala inserta, 5 fertilia, ma-
Xima, sepalis, 5 minor. sterilia decolorata petalis opposita,
Filam. filiformia connectivum coloratum, maximum, curvat.
Ad basin bilob. anth. adnate, membranacezm, apiculate, l-
locul, apice poro dehiscentes, steriles connectiva processu
basilari 0, decolorata, sinuato repandæ.
Ovarium 5-loculare ov. ovulat. placentis in loculis produc-
tis, ovula numerosa, stylus filiformis exsertus, stigma subca-
Pitat. virida,
. Has. Ad vias et in graminosis circa Amherst et Moul-
Main, copiosa, Déc. 1833, Jan. 1934. Melastoma malaba-
thrica inn, a

678 MELASTOMACE.

3
|
q

SARCOPYRAMIS.

Sarcopyramis grandiflora, Pl. DCXXXIX. Fig. II.

Pet. carnea.

Cal. obversa pyramidatis, 4-angulat. dentibus compressis,
3-angularibus marginal supero utrinque alato, ciliato filam.
subulato complanata, apices versus et externe dentes 2 erec-
tus gerentia.

Auth. biloculares, loculis oblongis obtusissimis rectis, intus
et infra apicem (ad apicem connectiva) poros 2 dehiscent
ovaria apice libero membranaceo colorato 4-angulari sub 4-
aluto, margine repanda circulari.

Stylus crassus semi exsertus ex apicem ovarii. Stigma
capitat. papillos. Ovar. 4-loculare placentis cruciatis in-
trantibus. |

Pet. æstivatio convoluta. Anthere per estivatione inflexa
inter ovaria apicem liberum parietesque calycis, dentes inter
apicem ovario stylumque.

AB. Khasya mounts. In rupibus umbrosis humidis,
Moosmai, Oct. 13/A, 1835.

PoGONANTHERA,

P. pulverulentum.

Frutex 3-4 pedales, ramulis petiolisque, brunneo furfurac.

Fol. opposita oblongo vel lanceolato-ovata carnosa, sub-
integra obtusa acuminata margine recurvo basi biauriculata,
sepius subobliqua, trivenia venulis transversis (primariis)
subdistinctis. Panicula terminatis, rubro-ferrugine ramis,
9-3 chotomis,

Flores minute, rubro-ferrugin. extus furfarac. farinos.

Cal. urceolatus (tubo subgloboso obtusa 4-gono ore COn-
stricto limbo amplifacto 4-fido laciniis erectis.
. Hinc infra media processum carnoso subdentiform pilo-
siusculo. Anth. adnate apice porosze. :

- Pet. 4 æstivat. leviter convoluta lanceolata, reflexa mar-
gine - pieta gprinkled with yellow farina.

MARLEA. 679

Stam. 8 æqualia, fertilia, connectivo rubro basi pilis albis
paucis deflexis. Stylus leviter declinat. Stigma subcapitat.
Ovar. inferum omnino 4-loculare placentis profunde reflexis,
angulis intrant apice ovuliferis.

a Ovula 00.

-— Has. Malacca, In sylvis littoralibus, Taugoung cling in
Arenos,

E ALANGIACES,

MARLEA.

Marlea unilocularis.

Ramuli petioli foliaque subtus icri cuento en toas, - the
- leaves much less and only at the veins.

Fol. alterna exstipulata ovalia vel obovato-ovalia breviter
3 cuspidata, patentia undique, supra atroviridia lucida subtus

Teticulata venatio quodammodo Artocarpea, generally oblique
S-veined at bases.
— Spicim abbreviate petiolis breviores axillares, pauciflora
Subermiformes, (flores tribracteat), præ fragrant ferrugineo-
pubescent.

Cal. superus obconicns tubo 6-suleato, sulci oppositi sinu-
. 88, ad medium 6-partit. laciniis dentiform.
Pet. totidem alternantia valvata coriacea extus pubes-
Centum e basi latiori lineares a medio reflexo patent.
Stam totidem calyeinis dentibus opposit. flam. dilatate
brevia ad medium versus dense barbato-villosa. Anth. ad-
Rat. linear bilocular.

Discus epigynus well developed crassus 5-lobus, lobis pe-

opposit.

Stylu clavato columnaris pubescens four-striatus, apice-
» united with stigmatic lines confluent at apex
in ba bifid, branches intus stigmatos agglutinata). Ovar.
infera l-loculare. Ovule 1, ovalum pendulum ana-
n raphe completa! exactly as in M. begonifolia.

Nus

680 CORNACEA.

The filaments adhere slightly to the petals, they are arched,
broadest at middle, the upper hairs ascend the lower $ des-
cend.

Fragrance delicious like Perg gularia, the stigmatic canal
has four angles, stylus basi alternatus.

Evidently Marlea or Stylidium or something very much
like it.

The petals and stamina except in situation, put one in
mind Loranthacea.

No difference between it and Marlea except the l-celled
ovarium, but as M. begonifolia ought to have 4 cells instead of
two, this perhaps is not of much weight, minor differences
exist in sulcate calyx, its more pronounced lobes, and the
lobed epigynous disk, the habit is very distinct.

CORNACE E.
Cora

Cornus, Pl. DCXXXIV. A. Fig II.

I doubt whether this order ought not to be placed in the
neighbourhood of Loranthacez, Olacinez and Santalacee,
particularly as the nature of the perianth is nearly as obs-
cure as it is the above mentioned orders. It is almost con-
tinuous with the structures from which the calyx is derived,
its zestivation is valvular.

However the lobes of the stigmata are opposed to them,
and this is a strong objection, because two organs in double
series of the same denominations never are opposed. This
at least holds good with regard to the calyx.

The hairs on the back of the petals are attached by the
middle.

The ovary is certainly Piden thé normal num-
beris pointed out irt the lobes of the wy which are four,

HAMAMELIDE.E. 681

and by the number of vascular fascicles of the style which
are four on the .axis of each lobe of the stigmatic canal.

The ovula are solitary, and curiously situated, they are
transverse with regard to the ovary, although their con-
formation is entirely similar, the ordinary ovula having or-
dinary direction. The nucleary ends of both ovula point to
the same direction.

HAMAMELIDE.
HAMAELIS.

Hamamelis sp. Pl. DCXXXIII.

Bootan collection Tassangsee: Feb. 12th, 1838.
l. Branch natural size.
2. The alabastrum 4 developed:
3. Flower.
4. Do. laid open pistillum removed.
E Petal.
7. Section of do. shewing its conduplication.
8. Calyx and genitalia petals removed.
9. Stamen
10. Do. bem.
11. Do. anther just opened.
12. Do. anther more opened.
13. Do. fully opened.
14. Do. after dehiscence -

A

Gt ry haart, SR Rr Dam AS E do i ESSA z
EA QUT A E ee WE

15. Do. do.

16. Do. do. FOR view.
17. Pollen.

18. Germin.

19. Do. ovarium laid open Mee AE ea
. 20. Very young ovula.
~ 2l. Ovulum from a flower full brown.
22. Longitudinal section. .
: L

682
COMBRETACEL.E.
CoMBRETUM.

1. Combretum formosum, Gr.

Frutex longe scandens, fol. oppositis, elliptico-ovalibus,
subintegris, glabris obtusis. Racemis axillaribus termina-
libusve, simplicibus paniculatisve ovato-cylindricis, diame-
tre 1} uncianum, pedicellisque brevibus filiformibus cal yci-
busque extus breviter velutinis. Bracteis minutiss. mem-
branaceis, decidius floribus numerosiss. majusculis, petalis
interdim staminibusque sanguineo tinctis.

Cal. infundibulif. 4-partit. laciniis ovatis acuminat. re-
flexis zestivatione valvatis.

Pet. 4ad sinu calycinos. inserta ovalia minute reflexa.

Stam. 8 fauci calycinz inserta, filam. subulata inzqualia,
per zstivatione introflexa. Anth. bilocula longitudinaliter

ehiscente versatile exserta longe. Pollen oblonga leve, di-
lute brunneum lineis 3 longitudinal (an pluribus?) notat.
Discus calyce adnatus ad insertionem stamina terminans
ibidemque crenulatus pilosusque.

Stylus subulat. longe exsertus. Stigma simplex ovaria
calycis tubi parti inferze adnat. 1-loculare, 2-ovulat. a pluri
ovulis funiculis longis ab apice loculi pendentib. foramine
hilum prope

Has. Mopar, In sylvis Kulweng: Dec. 1834.

2, Combretum.

Arbor. magna.

Folia subconferta ad apices ramulorum cuneato-obovatis
vel obovata, alterna exstipulata concava obtusissim. emar-
ginata ven. 2-dariis arcuatum nexis interveniis reticulatis»
Petiolis ad apicem fere incrassatis. Gemmis conico subu-
latis squamis inconspicuis.

Pedunculis basi incrassatis foliis subæquant,

uL x

Toc A nv acte equ c car IS C MUTA

COMBRETUM. 683.

Fructus, subsessiles, subovata vel subrotunda compressa.
2$ inch long 13-2 broad, glabri apice cicatris perianth lapsa,
basi interdum oblique, mesocarp. crasso succulente granu-
loso, on a transverse section radiating. Endocarpio ligneo,
with large angles or wings, radiating obscurely through me-
Socarp 1-celled, 1-seeded.

Seed relatively small, pendulous from a longish apical fu-
nicle oblong cylindrical attenuata at. both ends, tegument
membrano-cellular, cotyledons concentric folds convolute
radicle superior long subclavata.

Plumula inconspicua,

Han. Malacca, Aloor Gollah, Verrupha: July 1st, 1842.

‘3. Combretum.

Frutex scandens, fol. opposit. Pet. filamentique lacteis
Antheris luteis longe exsertis, capsules ovatis alis 5 maxi-
mis membranaceis, glanduloso pilosis, junioribus, rosaceo
tinctis.

Mergui scandens in fruticetis, Feb. 1835. Legi etia
Moulmein, 1834, qua copiosa.

QUISQUALIS.

Quisqualis. Cal. ovario adhærens ultra cum in tubum
longe productis, apex 6-dentatis post anthesin ad ovario
apicem circumscissus. Pet. 5 perigyna, sepalis alterna ses-
silia, Stam. 10, alterna longiora, exserta petalis, alterna
breviora inclusa sepalis opposita. Filam. perigyna subulato.

Anth. biloc. longit. dehiscentes. Stylus filiformis exsertus
stigma obtusum. Ovarium 1-locul. 5-angulat., 3-ovulatum,
ovulis pendulis funiculo crasso longo foramine ad hilum
sit e
Mtis scandens ramulis velutinis teretibus. Fol. oppos.
ovat. basi subcordata subcuspidata, breviter mucronata, in-
ferne villosiuscula, spica terminales bractea lanceolata utrin-

684 COMBRETACE.f.

que attenuatz villosce. Calyx extus velutinus, petala per-
mum albi, demum varie rubri. In hortis circa Madras: e
Burma introducta, Oct. 29th, 1832.

LUMNITZIERA.

L. Pentandre.

Arbor. humilis ramulis fuscis apices versus tantum folio-
sis, foliis sparsis, cuneato- pee subsessilibus sub-
emarginatis carnoso-coriaceis integri

Racemis terminalibus vhurifiecjndi pedicellis brevibus.
Petalis pulcherrima coccineis.

Cal. basi bibracteolat. bracteolis minimis suboppositis tubo
cylindrico ovario omnino adnato limbo 5-dentato dentibus
erectis rotundis.

Pet. tot quot dentes lanceolata iis alternantia fauci caly-
cino. Stam. 5 petalis alternantia, ibidemque inserta inseria
filamentis longis exsertis subulatis coccineis. Anther ter-
minal bilocul. longit. dehiscent. Pollen oblongum leve,
sulcis 3-4? corporibus apicis stillatis pollen abortive mix-

um.
Stylus filiformis longus coccineus. Stigma papillosum
subcapitat. Ovarium parietalibus carnosis 1-locul. ovulis 3-4
pendulis foramen hilum prope stylus hinc altius calyce adna-
tus, ideoque lateralis videtur.
Alangeis et intermedia Combretaceum flores aspectus.
Fuchsiz folia vernatione convolutive calycis limbus persis-

ns,

Fructus calycinis dentibus subconnivent coronatus dru-
paceus, l-spermus testa membranacea simplex cotyledons
subconvolute cornosa radicula supera plumula inconspicua.

Has. Mergue. Inter Rhizophora, Madamacca: Sept.
uc Aistivation corollz imbricata stamina tune apicibus

a. w

EEA T T N

gu uet Ute ic RS ON P

685

TERMINALIA.

l. Terminalia fetidissima, Gr.

Ramulis cicatricibus fol. notat. sericzis apicibus tantum
foliosis, fol. sparse longe petiolata obovata integra brevis-
sima abruptique acuminat. subtus reticulat. glaucescentia-
que, marginibus cartilagineis. ^ Racemis axillarib. multi-

floris, nutantibus petiolos excedent. floribus per anthesin “

dense congestis breviter, pedicellatis, bracteatis (bractea de-
cidua membran. ad basin pedicelli ferrugineo-piloso,) pal-
lide fusco lutescentibus villosis, pessima odoratis, odora
Stercoraceo.

Flores polygami, Per. tubo brevissimo basi planum, 5-
partit, laciniis ovatis, reflexis, astivatione valvatis, extus

pubescens intus dense longeque villosum.

Stam. 10 exserta, quorum 5 longior sepalis, 5 breviora pe-
talis opposita, ferrugine. Filam. subulata. Anth. per zestivat.
inflexa, versatilis bilocule longitudinal dehiscent. Discus epi-
gynus parum elevat. aurantia repandus, tube faucem circum-
dat. Pollen oblonga utrinque subtruncat. 1-3-sulcat.

Has. Mergui : March, 1835.

Stam. tubus longior, ovatus. Stylus subulat. exsertus,
stigma subsimplex ovar. per tubo adnat. 1-loculare 2-3 ovu-
lat. ovulis pendulis ab apice locula foramen conspicuum su-
perum,

2. Terminalia lancifolia, Gr.

Arbor. 20 pedalis ramis laxis. Ramuli teretis velutini.
Fol. opposita vel ternatim aggregata fere sessilia, oblongo-
lanceolata apice emarginata integra subrepanda e glandulosa
coriacea penninervia utrinque ad venas pilosa, marginibus

.. discolorib, spice hermaphrodite, terminalis saepius ag-

= Bregati 11 unciales erectz, velutini bracteate 2. Pedi-
= celli crassi, Cal. 5-fid. pilosus. Pet. 5-linearia subsessilia
- inter sinus calycinos insert. serieca. —

€

686 HALORAGE.

Stam. 10-petalis demissius inserta 5-sepalis 5- petalis oppo-
sita exserta. Filam, filiformia. Anth. terminalis oblonge
bilocul.longita dehiscentis. Ovarium calycis tubo adnatum
I-loculi 2-ovulat. Ovula pendula. Fig. IV. Pl. DOXXXXIV.
Foramen apicem versus. Stylus filiformia exertus, stigma
simplex 1-filam. ante anthesin intus curvata 2-bractea

-linearis pilosus ad basin cujusque floris.

Has. Moulmein. Ad margines humidas sylvarum, flores;
Dec. Jan. Feb. 1834.

Char. spec. Fol. opposit. ternateve, oblongo lanceol. ob-
tusa subrepanda, ad venas pilosa, integra marginib. discolor.
` spica hermaphrod. 2-3, conferta termipalis. erecta, "Patin
velutini, brevis.

HALORAGELE.

MyRioPHYLLUM.

Myriophyllum tetrandrum.

Herba aquatica ex maxima parti immersa caulis subsim-
plex cellulosus teres, fol. verticell. sessilia immersa multo
majora pectinato-pinnata infima (exserta) minima pectinat.
pinnatifid. superiora linearia arguta serrata, 6 verticillata,
flores hermaphroditi solitarium subsessilisque in exillis folio-
rum minuti, pulchri. Petala caduca alba an interdum calyp-
tratum cohzrentia,

. Cal ovario-adnatus acuti 4-gonus limbo 4-fida laciniis
erectis, pedicello brevissimo basi lateraliter utrinque bractia
capillacea pinnatifida alba suffult.

Petala tot. quot. dentis calycinze sinubus inserta patentia
caduca zestivatione imbricata.

Stamina 4 epigyna ad bases dentium calycinam inserta.

Filam. capillaria exserta, petala subaquantia æstivatione

recta. Anth. erectz lineares, fere longitudine filamentora,

biloculares, longit, Modem dehiscentes, Pollen glo-

bosum simplex

iii

SE

MYRIOPHYLLUM. 687

Ovarium inferum e carpellis 4 compressis monosporis for-
matum. Ovula pendulastyli 0. Stigmata 4, papillosa an-
gulis calycis ideoque petalis opposita, patente recurva.
Fructus inferis, e nucibus 4 vel paucifloribus, abortu angu-
los lzevibus compressis conflatus. Semen arcuatum pendu-
lum.

Embryo axilis arcuatus, radicula inversa. (Semina fructus-
que maturus nondum visus.)

Has. Bengal. In aquas stagnantib. prope, Jumalpore:
Sept. 17th, 1835.

Habitu Hipperidi affinis. Partum situs et alternantio
quam maxima regularis. Fig, V. Pl. DCXXXXIV.

a, a. Bractez lateralis pinnatifidz.

b, b,b, b. Sepala.

€, C, €, c. Petala.

d, d, d, d. Stamina.

€; €, €, e. Carpella stigmataque papillosa.

Myriophyllum indicum, Gr.

Caulibus cellulosis, foliis immersis tenuissima capillaceum
partitis, emersis lineari spathulatis, apice serratis, vix ver-
ticellatis, floribus bibracteat. bracteis ovatis subrhombeis
denticulatis, carpellis tuberculatis spinis demum muricatis ?
solubilibus, embryone rectiusculo. Epicarp cito fungosum
solubile, endocarp. osseum, tuberculisque abeo ortum du-
centibus tunc spiniformibus.

Has. Bengal. In aquis profundis fere stagnant. Sept. 38th,
1835.

Species a M. tetrandro distinctiss. ob formam bractearum,
Carpellisque tuburculatis, et epicarpio lapsó muricatis.

* Anatomia caulis. Medulla obsoleta corpore centrale e ligneis fibrosis,
interne laxiorib, externe densiorib. vasisquibus dam spiralibus ductisque

| 3 intermedis, Peripheria cellulosa aeris cavitatis numerosiss, radiantes,

688 ONAGRARIA.

CERCODIA.

Cercodia,

Ovarium aspectu Rumieis 4 angulatum e calycis sepalis
post eorum separationem adhuc ovario adherentibus ex-
ortum polyloculare, ovulis pendulis carpellorum parietes
dura, carpella pomacearum aliquarum mentients, stigmata
4, apicibus pennicellata cruciata et sepalis alterna zestivatio
calycis imbricata. Folia sepalia opposita reliqua alterna
arguta serrata. Pedicelli 1-flora basi bisetacea. Flores uni
vel multo-axillares.

GONIOCARPUS.

Goniocarpus rudricaulis, Gr.

Prostrata radicans caulis sanguinea,fol. ovata levia mu-
cronato-serrata, ^ Paniculis spiciformibus erectis floribus
breviter pedicellatis pendulis, ovario 8-suicato osseo, locu-
lari styli 4 subulato apice papuloso. Stam. 8 anth. san-
guinez. Pet. unguiculata pantentia limbo carinato-con-
cav ineo-brunnea, filamenta longitudine, sepaloram
quæ herbacea. ovarium rubescens.

Han. Ad vias: Churra, Khasyah Hills, 17th, 1835.

ONAGRARLE.

JussrEUIA.

Jussieuia floribunda, Gr.

Caulibus repentibus radicantibus teretibus radicula cor-
poribus fusiformibus maxima cellulosis immixtis juniori-
bus rubescent floriferis erectis foliis obovato-lanceolatis, in
petiola attenuatis subacutis, subintegris ciliatis subtus punc-
tatis floribus solitariis magnis albis. pedicello folior. duplo
fere demum excedentis breviora.

Calyce basi bracteis 2 suboppositis, tubo pubescente, laci-
niis 5, tubum æquantib. apicibus revolutis patalisve. Pe-
talorum ungues luteo 4,

OLAX. 689

Stam. 10 alternat. minora discus epigynus pilosus stamini-
fer.

Stylus stamina paulo superans, stigma peltato capillaria
5-sulcatum, ovarium 5-loculare, ovulis l-serialib. pendulis,
foramen hilum prope.

‘Has. In aquis stagnant, Mergui: Sep. 1834.

2. Jussieuia longipes, Gr.

Herbacea erecta ramosiss. pubescens ramis ascendent.
caulibusque sulcatis angulatisque, foliis breviter petiolatis
lineari-lanceolatis, acuminatis, obtusis scabris nervosis, flori-

Solitariis axillaribus brevissime pedicellatis.
Cal. 4 partito, laciniis 3-nerviis ovatis acutis patentibus,
Pet. 4 luteis stam. 8 alternis paulo brevior petalis oppositis

_. &ylo brevissimo stigmata capitato.

Capsula 4-gona elongata, 8-nervia, nervis 4 angularibus
Sepalis alternis breviter pubescens 4-locularis. Placentis
Carnosis in loculos productis seminib. 00 serialib. ovulis
pendulis foramen hilum prope. Pollen ovata ternatim qua-
ternulimve aggregat. filis mixtum.

Has. In aquosis, Mergui: Aug. 1834.

OLACINEA.
Ouax.
~ Olax spherocarpa.
Caulis erectis angulato sulcat. fol. subdistincta eblongo--
lanceolatis margine revolutis.

Floribus solitariis in axillis, albis pedicellis foliis multo
brevioribus calyx annulus sub 3-denticulat, demum urceola-

sA 3 in toro annuli more ovarium apice emarginat. ba-
sin cingens insert, } erect, $ saper patent, more crucifer. zsti-
M4

690 OLACINE.E,

vation viridescent valvate apicib. subintroflexis cum denti-
culis calyces alternant.

Stam. 3 petalis oppos. corum una in apices versus inserta
introrsa bilocular. longit. dehiscent. filam. dilatat. brevia.
Utrinque stipata sub staminodiis albis cellulosis, bipartitis
extrorsus concavis stylus breviusculis. Stigma capitat. 3 lob.
Ovar. superum, ovula e placentz centralis apice conico pen-
dula in loculis totidem receptis.

It is difficult to ascertain the venation exactly, but if the
filaments are scraped off, each petal will be found to have
two large vascular bundles, the intervenia being supplied by
backward anastomosis. Hence it is probable that each is com-
posed of 3 pieces, and this would explain well the situation
of the staminoid and stamina or as the petals are simple
emarginate it is also obvious that they may be composed of
two, the fertile stamen alternating with them.

The stamina do not derive their vessels from those of the
petals which is against the last hypothesis, on the contrary
these petaline vessels exactly alternate with stamens.

There is something analogous to an articulat. in the stami-
noidia, and the vessels of these are more distinct than those
of the central part.

The ovula are certainly nucleary, at the time of flowering,
one is fertilised, and this presents a curious membraneous
appearance along the side or edge next the placenta.

Stamina appear equally developed from aa early period.

The ovula are worth examining, it would seem as if in
the fertilised but abortive ones, the only ones I have seen
thereis a tube along the inner edge, and perhaps pro-
truded from the apex. Fig. II. Pl. DOXXXXIV.

Although Mr. Brown plainly shews, that the common
mode of adhesion is in pairs, the want of correspondence of
the petals, vascular fascicle (3 its excentricity) with the ves-
sels of the sterile stamens must be borne in mind. s

hing is easily settled by early observations or by examining
the venation of those Olacinez with the 5th petal free.

ii

OLAX. 691

Olaz loranthiformis, Gr.

Frutex long is i iis alt
ise longe scandens, ramulis compressis foliis alterniis,
xstipulatis breve petiolatis, lanceolato oblongis, obtusis, re

LJ LI LJ a * * J E E.
pandis coriaceis. * Inflorescentia axillaris "racemose, racemis
= ius vel paniculatis nempe racemis sæpius 3 in pe-

uncul ii lori i iferi

a u Fh foliis multo brevioribus, gemmis floriferis brac-
" iš undique imbricatis floribus brevius pedicellatis pedicel-
l8 basi 1 bracteat. luteis odoratis.

Cal. b” 7 - aye LPS; .

tubo brevi truncato margine ciliato-obsolitissima den-

+

tato. Cor. gamo-petala, tubo calycem longiore, limbo 5-par-

tit. reflexo demum irregulariter fisso.

Stam. 10 coroll, apices usque fere adnata distincto 5
fertilia petalis alternantia, 5 sterilia opposito. Filament.
complanato, antherifera latiora crassiore breviorque. Anth.
bilocul. longit. lateraliterque dehiscent. Pollen læve sub 3-
angulare. Filam. sterilia, laminis membranacea petaloides
convolutes ferentia antherum loculis nempe transformatis.

tylus exsertus filiformis, stigmato 3 capitata. Ovarium,
rotundat. basin versus 3-loculare ovulatum ovulis pendulis ab
apice placente centralis foramen inconspicue. Fig. V. PI.

XXXX

Placentatio santalacearum estivat. corollze valvat.
Han. Ad littoram Madam. Pelut, Nov. 1833.
Foramen etiansi ovula perjuvenia examinavi nondum vidi
apex ovule in cellular laxiori.
XIMENIA,
Ximenia subscandens, Gr.

Ramis viridibus, verruculis brunneis crebris.
Ramulis sepe in spinis subulatis axillaribus, rectiusculis

_ Fol alter. breve petiolata exstipulat. (petiolis arti-
: Culatis basi) ovatis. obtuse acumi
.. iis secondariis arcuatis distinctis,
.. ginatis interdum cum vel aliqua mucronulo.

natis coriaceis glabris ve-
senioribus undulatis, emar-

692 OLACINEA.

Racemis cymiformi, axillaribus vel subterminal. foliis bre-
viorib. solitariis, apice pauci florigeris.

Pedicelli ancipat. pedicellis, tot solicis quot dent. calyculi,
calyculus basi planiusculus, 3$ dentat. sinubus lobis.

Pet. tot. quot. dent. calyculi iis alternant erecta, apices
versus reflexis, zestivat. valvat. intus apicibus tantum excep-
tis dense barbatis barba erecta alba.

Stam. 8 vel petalis numero duplo subaqual. 4 pet. 4 sepal,
opposit. Filam. filiform tortis apice versus. Anth. magne
adnate.

Ovarium oblongo-conicum stylus breviusculus stigma
subcapit (terminal) sub 4-lob. fere complete 4-loculare.
Placenta centralis.

Ovula 4 pendula ex apicem and below received into cells,
so that the ovary is incompletely 4 locular.

Ovula oblongo-subulata apicibus subdilatat. simplicia.

Ovaria at base blackish, as if surrounded by a ring.

Has. Malacca Tanjong Cling.

A true Olacinea.

Ximenia subscandens, fol. ovatis obtuse acuminatis, in-
terdum emarginat. undulatis, racemis 3-5 floris, level topped,
post anthesin racemiform pedunculis compressis pedicellis

3-4 sulcatis calyce 3-4 dentato (fructus immutat.)

Alternation normal not as Arnott says, two stam. opposed
to each petal, although no dependence on number 4 or 5 in
this species a tendency to it. Fig. III. Pl. PE

5. Carpellary.

‘Hairs of corolla under the micros. rigid. very minutely
striate thickened undulated borders, at apex distinctly and
broadly moniliform with traces of septa hence old undule-
tions remains of monilus, septa disappearing entirely.

693
AMPELIDEO.

‘Cissus. è

Cissus spicifera, Gr.

Scandens cirrhifer.

Cirrhi oppositifolia.

Folia petiolat. (petioli utrinque incrassat.) lete ovalia
vel ovato-cuspidata, basin versus excepta distanter serrata as-
pectu Menispermeo.

Racemi spiciformis, oppositifol. - terminalis, solitaria,
vel dichotoma pendula pedules, like tails, sulcate thickened
at the base and looking like the ends of the petioles. Flores
subsessiles, 3-5 aggregati, alabast ovalia.

Cal. minutissimus a mere rim irregularly toothed round
apex of pedicel.

Petala 4 margine valvate, margine apices versus quasi in
duplica oblonga concava patente reflexa.

Stam. totidem petal opposita. Filam. longa, petiolis paullo
brevior apice constricta. Anth, subcordate bilocular sinu

affixa longit. dehiscent.
Ovaria magnum, apice areolat. lateribus exaratis lineis 4

profundis in quibus filament nidulant bilocul. stylus sub 0.

Stigma obtusum locul. biovulat.

'The apex of the ovarium marked with 8 ovate or lanceolate
impressions, ovula ascendentia anatropa (with two integu-
ment.)

Fructus disposed as the flowers, ovuli elliptic green,
Size of a small gooseberry baccate containing 2 oblong,
plano convex erect seeds with a castaneous tegument, curi-
ously intrant into fleshy albumen.

Embryo in the axis of the base of the albumen. Radicle
longish subcompressed, inferior cotyledons, ovato-cordate
With broad base, white flat foliaceous veined.

Fruit marked especially towards apex with black longit.

694 AMPELIDEO.

lines converging to summit. Pollen in water globular with
inconspicuis pores, granular aspect.

So far as I can see although the difference in inflorescence
is so remarkable, this scarcely differs from Cissus. It has
no torus whatever. It is to be considered as a cymose spicate

orm,

EMBAMMA.

1. Embamma heteranthum, Gr.

: Scandens.

Cirrhi gracilis setacea oppositifol. folis longe petiolat.
ternata, foliole anguste lanceolat. mucronato acuminat. dis-
tanter serrait, subtus pilis basi elevatis hirta, subtus albo
tomentosa. Petiolis caulisque novellium ferrugineo-tomen-
tos. lateral leaflets 3 cordate at base outwardly.

Peduncles of frondose inflorescence cirrhigerous near the
base, with the frond pinkish. The piicteabetice i is the same
as that of Embamma similarly caudigerous, but flatter less
lobed, along margins project, a few distant stout spoke-like
stalks tomentose.

Immersed flowers, surrounded by an irregular edge (of the
frond), 3-4 petals. Petals triangular cordate concave with
subinflexed margins insertion narrow, twice as many, opposite
anthers large cordate inserted in sinus, bilocul. longit. open-

N o style, stigma inconspicum, ovary 2-celled, ovules 2
erect, collateral transversely broadest.

Apex of stalks of marginals dilated, into a cup-bearing
. petals and stamens as in those of disc.
Ovary same as in discoid but immersed, } inferior, 2
. ovules in each of the two cells ascending, style more promi-
nent than in those of disc.

Hairs tomentum long. —— spiraly twisted. Ra-
phides very numerous, Frond reticulately veined, veins

I-

SARS? Se) VPE SOUS.

EMBAMMA. 695

appearing to be anastomosing into a circle round each flower,
the ovary supplied by branches from this ring.

The chances are against Pterisanthes, being really dis-
tinct. .

The marginal flowers are exactly like the others, even to

the rim from which the petals and stamens arise.

Embamma heteranthum, fol. ternatis, anguste lanceolatis
subtus tomentosis floribus marginal pedicellatis.

Has. Malacca. Verupha Aloor Golah. An approach to
Pterisanthes.

2. Embamma caudigerum, Gr. Pl. DCXLVI.

Habitus omnino Cissi vel Vitis. Partes novellae arachnoi-
dez lanata cirrhis oppositifol. fol. ternatis, ovato-lanceolatis
distantes dentatis dentibus mucronigeris, subrepandis late-
ral lateri exterior obliquis basi subcordatis. Each serraturs
and point ends in a fleshy mucro.

Cirrhis florigeris oppositifoliis infra medium pedunculum
Sanguineo-rubra incrassat. pendulum exserent spadix alato-
lobata, vel potius ex axi et alis 3 oblongo-triangularibus
alternant tunc nudificatur. iterum apicem versus loba alii
minores ambitu rotundato apice imo clavato incrass.

Flores imbedded in the dilated portions, generally on its
Surfaces, a few are marginal. The amorphous end of the
cauda, also bears 2 or 3, they are arranged in oblique lines,
those of the two surfaces do not correspond, they are ar-
ranged in oblique lines, which at the truncate end of each
Wing (or base of angle) follow its curvature. Each flower is
surrounded by a roundish brownish cicatrix, then comes the
rim of the calyx, thickened very obscurely, 4-toothed, then
the petals, flat and valvate in zstivation, expanded, they are
recurved, reflexed. Pet. triangulari-cordata viridescent.

tam. 4 cum petalis secernent iis opposite filam. reflexa.
Anth. magnz biloculares introrsz. Pollen triporat.

696 AMPELIDEO.

Ovar. e fundo cavitatis conicum, not projecting beyond the
level of spadix.

Stylus sub 0. Stigma terminal simplex inconspicuum,
bilocul. loculis 2 ovulat. ovulis «erectis anatropis.

Has. Malacca. In sylvis ad majora, Ayer Punnus.

This is a remarkable form, apparently allied to Pterisan-
thes of Blume, itis interesting as shewing a spadicose in-
florescence, and venation analogous to that of Kaulfusia,
each flower being surrounded by a net work and a ring of
vessels, given off from the main branches. This also is inter-
esting as shewing the nature of the cirrhi,

I have a "Vitis in which a passage to this inflores-
cence takes place, the flowers being arranged on panicled
spikes, the confluence of these would produce a spadix.
But what is the venation in these? what is the cicatrix
‘round each flower ? what is the Perigone of Pterisanthes ?

Fruit not seen.

Ogs. Differs from Pterisanthes in hermaph. all immersed
flowers want of involucra.

1. Plant natural size.

2. Portion of spadix, the flower to the right before ex-
pansion, one during expansion, and one after fall o
petals to left.

3. Petal and stamen, petal veinous shewn.

4. Stamen enlarged, 1 vasc. fasc. to filament.

5. Pollen.

6. Section double long of part of spadix through 1 flower,
a cicatrix, b rim of calyx, in direction of length of

4. Transverse section of an ovaria, and part of spadix.

8. Ovulum as seen under pressure.

4

eighty sae

come eee

teis minimis caducis.

697
Lera.
l. Leea gigantia, Gr. °

Fruticosa trunco simplicia, foliis maximis 4 pedibus latis,

- 91 longis, supra decomposito pinnis oppositis foliolis lanceo-

lato-oblongis 8 uncialibus obtuse acuminatis, grosse den-
tatis basi 3-nerviis czeterum penninervo subtus pallidis, folio-
lis lateralibus 2 inferior, terminalisque 3-foliolatis petiola-
tis, insertione tumidis, rubrisque, cymo terminali maximo
subcirculari diameter 13 pedum. Articuli rubescentibus,
foribus numerosissimis calyce basi rubescente, petalis
Viridibus extus basi versus rubescent. Anth. biloculares,
à medio supra tantum dehiscent. conniventibus, connectivo
atro-purpureo et simul deciduis, ut in omnibus aliis specie-
us, corona ochroleuca staminif. 5-déntat. dentibus su-
bulato-conicis, ovarium 6-loculare.

Fructibus baccatis cerasi nigri magnitud. basi calyce per-
sistent suffult, 6-locularibus, 3-4 loculis l-spermis, sem.
3-4 abortient. circa axin radiate disposit. angulata, dorso
Tugosa, lineaque elevata longitudinal. notat. "Testa pallide
brunnea, ossea albumen carnosum 5-lobum, testa inter lobos
Product. ideoque album ruminat;

Fig. III. Pl. DOXXXXV. Shewing transverse section
of the ovarium and angular face of the albumen, a prolonga-
tion from the longitudinal dorsal line, & lateral prolongation.

Oss. Affinis L. sambucinz.

Has. In sylvis Madamaca, Moulmein: Oct. 1834.

2. Leea simplicifolia. Fig. I. Pl DOXXXXV. `
Herbacea, caule obtuse angulato ad articulos tumido, fol.

Maxime petiolat. basi vaginante anguloso, cordato-ovata

acuta repanda dentataque subtus pubescentia brevissima al-

bidis penninervus pedalibus diametoro 8 uncialibus.

Cymis terminalibus dichotomis pedunculis sulcatis, brac-

N 4

698 AMPELIDE.

Cal. breviter 5-dentatus dentibus apice sphacelatis.

Cor. 5 petal. pet. sessilia sepalis alternantia revoluto fauce
inserta carnosa apicibus cucullatis et incrassatis, squamule
5 fauci inserta carnosz albe, petalis alternant.

Stam. fauce inserta, 5, petalis opposita libera subconniven-
tia filam. filiform. intus inflexa nempe ad basin anthere geni-
culata, purpurascens brevibus, connectivum carnosum oblon-
gum, Anth. oblonge adnatæ biloc. longe dehiscent. albe.

Stylus filiformis brevis stigma subcapitat. Ovar. semeni
ferum, 6 loculare, loculis 1-ovulatis ovulis ascendentibus for-
amen versus. Pollen ovatum leve hinc sulcatum aqua im-
mersu, subrotundum papulis 3-fit,
` ZEstivation calycis corolle valvata.

Has. In sylvis prop. Mergui: Sept. 1834.

Spec. unicum tantum vidi. Habitu cissi anthera Melas-
tomacearum. Florum aspectu meliacearum.

3, Leea sambucina. Fig. I. Pl. DCXXXXIV.

Fruticosa ramis flexuosis verrucosis, foliis 2 decompositis,
foliolis oppositis 2 infimis, l-vel 2 jugis cum impari reliquis
oblongo-lanceolatis breviter petiolatis, grosse et duplicat.
serratis acuminatis nervosis, junioribus lucidis, petiolis pro-
priis et petiola ad articulos. rubescentib. stipulis petiolo ad-
natis et serrat. dimidio-ovatis, decidius. Inflorescentia cy-
moso-paniculata, cymis terminalibus, fructibus baccatis,
nigris basi calyce persistent tecta, 3-6 spermis semen binc
planis, illinc convexis, testa coriacea albumine carnoso cor-
neo lobato! Embryo minutus ad basin albuminis. Plumula
inconspicua. Radicula teres, elongata acuta hilum versus.

JEstivatio corolle valvata. Cal. tubo brevi 5-dentat. Cor.
monopetal hypogyna, 5-partita laciniis reflexis, tubo calyce
paulo longior. :

Cor. penta loba, epipetala lobis apicibus recurvis; petalis
alternantibus. :

Stam. 5 sinubus loborum inserta ideoque petalis opposita.

T

Sai L e ARTE KE

LEEA, 699

Filam. longitud. loborum incurva. Anth. bilocul, longit.
dehiscentes extrorse, interse cohcerentes decidue. Con-
nectiva atro purpurea subsagittatum.

Stylus filif. inclusus. Stigma simplex obtusum. Ovari-
um superum biloculare loculis l-ovulatis, ovulis erectis fora-
men hilum versus. Fig. VI. Pl. DCXXXXYV. a transverse,
b long half section and Fig. VIII.

Has. In*sylvis Mergui: Sept. 1834.

Oss. Ordinis distincta. Ampelideas habitu differens.
Pluribus notis Meliaceis accedit. sed. staminibus epipetalis :
l-locularibus? petalis, oppositis differt. stipulisque.

In L. simplicifolia corona e squamis 5 in altus, 5-partita,
ab omnibus necedit. albumina 5 lobo.

1. Flower.

2. Do. long section.

3. Anther cohering in an inverted cone,

4. Anther and filament ; lateral.

5. Do. front.

6. Do. before dehiscence.

7. Pollen.

8, 9. Do. immersed in water.

10. Ovarium style and stigma.
11. Ovarium transverse section.
I2. Ovulum, with the foramen near the hilum.

Vitis.

Vitis, PI. DOXXXXV. Fig. II.

Fructus cymosi in cymum latum divaricatum disposit,
ovates, basi calyce minimo 4-dentato suffulte in toro luteo
parum elevato sessiles apice styli? basi notata baccato, l
Spermi. Semen erectum ovatum hilo punctiforme basi
notat, apice marginatum, later. interiori paulo minus con-

700 AMPELIDE,

vexum et hinc raphe simplicia lineari-angusta brunnea, in
sinu emarginationis desinente notat. Chalaza inconspicua.

Tegument duplex utrinque adhzerens, extus carnosum vi-
ride faux entrans internis brunnea induratum inflexum in
albuminis substantiam,

Albumen corneum semin. conform. ruminatum secus
faciem utramque lineis duabus, in facie exterior magis ap-
proximatis notat. in quz line mutuo junguntur ope vena-
rum simplicia rarius bifurcatarum, his fauce interioris tan-
tum profunde inflexis et superficia externa versus propeque
terminant szepe extrorsum curvate.

Embryo parvus oblique situs in cavitato albuminis hilum
prope. Radicula teres hilum spectans. Cotyledones cor-
dato-ovatz planze foliaceze incumbentes, vel faciebus latiori-
bus seminis parallele. Plumula inconspicua.

Has. Assam s in sylvis, Cheikwar: Feb, Sth, 1896.

Species Cissi vel vitis,

CLEMATIS.

Clematis inversa.

Scandens, caulibus fistulosis teretibus lineatis. Petiolis
elongatis, teretibus, tortilibus paginze longitudine, fol. oppo-
sitis subpetalis, ovatis, basi deltoidea, carnosis subdentatis,
dentibus callosis obtusis basi 5-nerviis, nervis 2 lateralib.
indistinct. racemis fructiferis valde elongatis, folia duplo su-

erant, floribus oppositis distantibus, oo. compressis pilosis,
caudatis, caude 24 unciali plumosa, stipitibus sub o. albumen
copios carnosum. Embryo minutus in excavatione albu-
minis ejus ad apicem sita pulpaque repleta nidulans. Radi
cula supera. Pl. DOXXXXV. Fig. VII.

In sylvis humidis, Pullo: Jan. 1834, Clematis inversa.

701
BERBERIDEZE.
BERBERIS.

Frutex rigidus erectus subsımplex ligno pulchra luteo,
fol. pinnata, petiola ad foliolorum insertionem articulata, ar-
ticulis tumidis, fol. ovata basi obliqua spinoso-dentata. Ra-
cemis (interdum paniculis) fasciculatis terminalibus, multi-
floris, floribus majusculis pulchre luteis. Perianth in serie-
bus 5 terminalis disposit.

Stam. irratabilia.

Has. Khasyah mountains. Ovar. 1 loculare basi biovulata
ovulis erectis foramen hilum prope.

LEONTICE.

Leontice secunda Gr. Pl. DCXLVII.

Planta pedalis. Radix tuberoso bulboso profunde in hu-
mum sita, areolis 5-6-gonis conspicua notata, radicule ex
areolarum interstius, an semper, axis brevis e parte supera
non areolata, squamis paucis munite parum exteriori brun-
nez, interiores membranaces albe stipulas quodammodo
mentientes intereorum bases et pedunculi circumdantes.

Folia pinnata longe petiolata, petiolis ute pedunculus sur-
sum (usque ad pinnulus) subincrassato et ad exsertionem
(humi) rubro. Pinnule 3 vel 2 verticillat. spathulata glau-
cee, apice sepius trilobe concavo-conduplicatze secundæ
pinnularum mediarum foliola numerosivia, sed sepius 4. —

Panicula cymiformis amplicia composita patentissima,
flexuosa pluries dichotoma* bractea squamiformis membra-
nacez ad basin cujusque ramificationis, semi-amplectens, ad-
pressa concava. !

* Notinthetrue dichotomous manner, but approaching to it be-

cause the terminal flower is most developed. It may be considered as
dichotomous, one of the forks suppressed.

702 BERBERIDEX.

Pedicell szpius elongati ad apicem subincrassati.

Calyx 3 sepalus, sepalis caducis oblongis concavis subpe-
taloideis rubro-fusco-tincti, imbricatis subvenosis.

Petal 6 biseriata zestivat. imbricata oblonga vel oblongo-
obovata, patentia apice rotundata irregulariter dentata vel
denticulata lutea decidua.

Stam. totidem opposita, hypogyna. Filamenta ad an-
there extrorÉze adnatz biloculares valvatæ, valvis inzequalibus
interior angusta non secedens, reflexa cito, exterior magna
secedens ab omnibus adhesionibus apicali tantum excepta
incurva revoluta, persistens.

Pollen oblongum, glabrum immersum primo effundit
massam mucilaginoso aspectu tunc cito rumpitur.

Is the outer coat soluble in water, I think not, because
after bursting, the pollen retains its color, and the inner coat
is always colorless.

Ovarium ovatum uniloculare, carnisve subirregularibus
alis pluribus szpius ad ejus apicem bifurcatis munitus, Su-
tura placentato distinctissimo crasso, stylus subnullus, stigma
repando undulatum in massam capitatum dispositum.

Ovula pauca 5-7 placentz parve basilari e sutura placental
distinctur affixa erecta, interiora longius pedicellata, tegmine
bina, foramine hilum prope.

Fructus non vissus.

l. Plant nat. size.

2. Bud.

3. Flower.

4. Pistillum surrounded by stamina.

5. Inner view of stamen, before dehiscence.

6. Outer do. of one dehiscing.

7, 8,9. Anthers after dehiscence.

10. Pollen. <

.11. Do. immersed in water.
12. Pistillum outer face of.
13. Do. inner, shewing distinct placental suture.

incedo nnb it EA it at i te

ee c Br i AMDIMEPTN

joo OE SDE eas v Sep MAI UR

DILLENIACE&. 703

14. Pistillum laid open along outer face.
15. Placenta and ovula, at a base of placental suture.
16. Long section of ovulum.

A curious plant, two species occur about this place, the
leaves generally emerge from the ground at some distance from
the inflorescence. The other species is very like this in in-
florescence, but the leaves are simply pinnate. The inner
valve of the anther i. e. the one not reflexed as valve, is the
smaller, this is, I think always the case; but why the pecu-
liarity of dehiscence depends upon this inzequallity is another
thing.

Gen. Canar. Calyx 3 sepalus, cuducus. Pet. 6 biseriata.
Stam. totidem antheris valvatis. Pollen mucilaginosum,
ovarium alato-carinatum, ovula plura, stigma undulato-capi-
tatum. Herbe pereniis cauli subterraneo-radiciformi tu-
berosa foliis pinnatis, glaucis ramulis secundis oppositis vel
semiverticillatis. Panicula cymosa aphylla, flores majusculi

utei.

Species prima. Caulis areolis indistinctis pinnulis oppositis,
late oblongis apice trilobis pinnula szepius brunneo trausverse
fasciatze.

Sp. secunda. Caule areolata pinnulis 4-6 semiverticillatis
Spathulatis apice 2-3 lobis conduplicatis. Przcedente paullo
major. Pinnule fasciate.

Has. Khasyah mountains.

DILLENIACE.

DiLLENIA.

l. Dillenia spiciosa. Fig. III. Pl. DCXLIX.

Arborea, cortice cinerea ramis patentibus. Folia post
flores evoluta, lato-obovata, crenato-repanda emarginata
coriacea, glabra, juniora lucida, argute serrata serraturis mu-
cronatis, utrinque et presertim subtus ad venas adpresse

704 DILLENIA.

pubescentia. Vernatio conduplicata, Petioli marginato,
pubescentes ciliatii Gemmz squamis foliaceis velutinis,
cincte. Flores terminales solitariis maximi, conspicui, lutei,
diametro 4-uncialis, pedicellati. Pedicelli cum ramo articu-
lati.

Calyx inzqualiter 5-sepalus, sepalis 2 exterior et lin-
termedio majoribus 2 interior minoribus, ovalibus obtusis,
vom adpresse pubescentibus.

t 5 sepalis alternantia, hypogyna sessilia cuneato-
d repanda, decidua.

Stam. 00, hypogyna pluriserialia, libera, seriebus exterior
minoribus luteis, duabus interioribus 3-plo majoribus deorsum
curvatis, citrinis, Filam. filiformia. Anth. adnate ad apices
poris 2 dehiscentes. Torus ampliatus carpella 10, lineario-
coalita, circa axim disposita, 1-locularia, ovula plura, biseria-
lia, placentis axillibus affixa. Foramen hilum versus et ad
latus inferius ovuli quoad placentam. Stylus sub 0, stigmata
tot quot carpella radiatim disposita, linearia acuta, D. retusæ
proxima sed distincta super collis.

In sylvis Molafnyain Zinzaik, etc. : Feb., March, 1834.

2. Dillenia parviflora.

Arbor. humilis, petiolis basi dilatat. foliis ovato-obovatis
repando-serratis coriaceis subacutis subtus ferrugineo-pubes-
cens venis secondariis conspicuis, floribus e ramulis ortis et
ante folia juniorem explicitis, 2-4 aggregatis in pedicellis bre-
vibus.

Calycis sepalis 3 exterior tomentoso-sericeis coria-
ceis, viridescent, 2 interior, glabriorib. subpetaloidis.

Pet. obovato spathulatis subunguiculat.

Stam. inzequalib. seriei intima maxima, stigmata primo as-

| pectu simulant,

Stigmata 5-6 an plura, angustissima.

. Has. Mergue. In sylvis prope Tukeek: Feb. 1835. «*

t etiam iisdem sylvis copiosa species altera an D. or-
-nata Wall. arbor. magna petalis obovatis, floribus magnis.

Reape hy

(ithe Cie Te eS See

705
DILEMA,
Dilema.

Arbor. formosa umbrosa aspectu Castanae verse foliis
confertis, oblongo-ellipticis subcuspidatis nervosis, serratis,
Serratuus rigidis, ciliatis supra nitidis leto-viridibus, infra
pallidiorib. et ad nervos adpresse pubescent. Petiolis cana-
liculata basibus ampliatis semiamplexicaul. floribus terminali-
bus, solitariis maximis diametri 3-uncialis, odore rose canice,
sed minus grate. Pedicellis, 2-3 uncialibus, medium su-
pra bracteat. Bractea foliacea, lineari-lanceolata decidua.

Cal. irregulariter 5 sepal, sepalis maximis ciliatis 3 interior
major. fructiferis arcte connivente.

Pet. maxima subzqualia obovato repanda decidua.

Stam. numerosiss. inzqualia, seriebus 2? internis (an 1)
duplo fere majoribus. Filam filiformia complanata. Anth.

-lineares adnate stam. brevior breve apiculat. longior emar-

ginat. et szepius in apiculat. poro cernio apice dehiscent car-
pella plurima.

Styli breves, stigmata tot quot carpelia radiántia lineari-lan-
ceolat. plana longit. centraliterque sulcat. ovules 00 duplice
nana, placenta cellulosa maxima.

Fructus magni pomi magnitud. sepalis ampliatis carno-
Sis conniventibus obtecte pseudo multi-locularis stigmati-
bus radiantib. marcescent. coronat. carpella plumum radiate
disposita peripheria versus libera, axin versus mutuo cohz-
rentia, intus materia gelatinosa feta, in quem semina nidu-
lant Semen angulo intrante affixa complanata. plume
abortient, dorso pilis brevibus cellulosis cristato, testa
Subcoriacea, album copiosum, carnosum subcurvatum. Em-
bryo minutissimis in regione umbilico. Radicule hilum ob-
versa. Endospermum cum albuminum separans e membranis
cellulosis duabus quorum interior e cellulis fibrosis longitu-
dinaliter dispositis, fibris incompletis.

o 4

706
WormIA.

Wormia suffruticosa, Pl. DCXLIX, Fig. I.

ANONACE.

PzrTICALYx Gen. Nov.
Pelticalyz argentea. Gr.

Arbusculi ramulis flexuosis foliis lanceolato-oblongis basi
cordatis obtusis breviter petiolatis subtus pulcherrima glaucis,
floribus axillaribus terminalibusque pendulis longe pedicella-
tis cream-colored. Pedicellis foliis breviorib. pubescent.
sursum incrassatis. :

Cal. extus bractea peltata, suffultus, 3-sepal, sepalis ovatis.

Pet 3 exterior maximis ovato-oblongis clausis, carnoso
(leathery) subrepandis, arcte clausis fere cohzrentibus.

there, connectivo rubro ultra loculos. in capit rubro
brevi producto.

Ovaria extus pilosa sericea, stylus breviss. stigma subca-
pitat, pilosum pauce ovulata ovulis 1-serialib. ascendentibus.

Has. In umbrosis prope littoram Madamacca : Sept. 1834.

An bractea pro calyce habenda? tunc cor, 6 petal, 3 ex-
terior minorib. calycinis.

FissisTIGMA. Gen. Nov.

Fissistigma scandens, Gr.

Frutex scandens, fol. lanceolato-oblongis integris, emar-
ginat. subtus glauces et parce ferrugineo-pilosis.

Racemis axillaribus abbreviatis foliis multo breviorib. pe-
dunculis pedicellis bracteisque, ovatis floribusque extus fer-
rugineo-pubescent.

Cal. profunde 3-partit. sepalis ovatis obtusis. Pet. 6 in-
teriora minora rubescentia? glabra apicibus 3-angularib.

CAO TT Ne ere IPTE D I UE EON E a A E NET ENN iti

CYATHOTEMMA. 707

Stam. 00. Filam. sub 0. Connectiva roseo-coccinea ultra
anther product. Anth. ednate, subsessiles loculis longit.
dehiscent. Ovario 00, pilosissimz, stylus sub O stigma bi-
fidum. Ovula plura biserialia.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis prope Thurapown, Dec. 1834.

Gen. distinct stigmata bifido, petalisque interior, colo-
ratis, flores expandos nondum vidi.

Cal. profunde 3-partit. sepalis ovatis obtusis. Pet. 6, in-
teriora minora colorataque? Anth. subsessiles. Connecti-
vum ultra antheram in processum obtusum product. Ovaria
pilosiss. 1-locular. ovula plura biserialia, styli sub 0. Stigma
bifidum,

Frutex scandens, inflorescentia racemosa axillaris.

CYATHOTEMMA.

Cyathostemma viridiflora, Pl. DCL.

Cymis caulinis ex axilla veluste dichotomis patente
nütantibus, dense ferrugineo-pubescent. Bractea oblonga
concava dense ferugin. pubes ad ramum singulum, unoque
paullo supra medium pedicellorum clavatorum. |

Floris basis planiuscul. sub 3-gona ambitu sepalis 3 late
cordatis patentissimis e basi subreflexa, ferrugin. pubesc.

PetalG duplici serie incurvato connivent and in corolla
depresso urceolat. disposit. Pet. basi gibba vel subreflexa,

convex disc angulato-ferrugin. pubescent. loculis introrsis li-
nearib. completis longit. dehisc. Pollen leve ? e porosum ova-
to-rotundat. a
Pistilla plura centralia, apices on a level nearly, with the
Upper edge of the corolla, angulate cylindraceze dense pubesc.
ferrugin, stylus sub 0, stigma magua oblonga glabrum emar-

708 ANONACEX.

ginat. ovula plura biseriata anatropa. Placente processus
membrana distinctus inter series ovulor. interject.

This appears intermediate between Anonacez and Schi-
zandracez, but I have not seen the fruit.

The wood is remarkable, the pith is very small. Ligneous
system white subcruciately 4-lobed, sinuses of lobes con-
cave, 2nd brown very thin opposite to angles of the white,
but much developed and filling up the concave sinuses be-
tween the white lobes.

The vessels of the white lobes are large and frequently, the
medullary rays are pronounced, complete and white in both
systems, very large towards the circumference, and generally
containing one or two linear facie both of white wood.

Medullary rays distinct continuous with back and medulla,
the spaces between each i. e. the wood composed of fine dense
fibres, and a subsingle row of vessels, (scalarif.), the brown
part consists of transverse subundulated lines of woody fibre,
and transverse oblong spaces filled with brown matter! These
brown spaces are divided by septa, and probably the chief
difference between the brown and white, is, that in the brown ;
the vessels predominate so much as to subdivide or break
up the continuity of the fibrous part.

I know no anonaceous plant with a corolla like that of
this one, although Artabotrys would resemble it, and severa
others if the lamina of the petals were absolutely abortive.

The flowers have no odour, but the usual aroma exists in
the plant.

I only know the male flowers of kadsura or Sphzerostem-
ma, but this plant agrees with it in form of perianth corolla,
in the bracteate padicel and in the valvate zstivation.

It is not however moncecious, and its ovaria, and anthers
are decidedly (particularly the former) anonaceous, and so i$
the number of the parts of the perianth.

The wood, certainly tends to the menispermaceous struc-
ture,

“UVARIA. 709

Coniferous markings round or transversely oblong, exist
on the larger vessels, while the cells are from end to end, and
I see, appearances as if the markings were confined to oblong
cells lining the scalariform ones, certainly so, that there would
seem to be two forms of these cells, one simple membrane
with a lining of coniferous marked cells, the others simply
punctate,

UVARIA.

Uvaria mabiformis. Gr.

Scandens ?

Ramuli flexuosi folia obconduplicata concava, oblongo-
lanceolata vel ovata integra, obtusis emarginata, glabra
exacte ut in Maba vel Diospyros subtus glaucescentia et mi-
nutissima reticulata. Pedunculi axillares solitarii, petiolor.
longitud. deorsum curvati parce bracteati.

. Cal. basi planiusculus profunde 3-partitus, the outline is
nearly triangular from a very broad sinuses.

Pet. abbreviate valvate, exteriora cordata, crassissime præ-
sertim apicem versus (sessilia) basi concav. centrzque cari-
nulata. 3 interiores multo minores oblonge conniventes
apices versus coherent unguibus approxinatis.

Anth. 00. sessiles cuneatz extrorse truncato-capitule,
the chief part of torus occupied by the petals.

Pistilla pauca sub o seriata ovaria glanduloso punctata
Ovula 2 basi solida superposita, stigmata are longish viscid
Subulz 4 less the ovaria, at first sight altogether Diospyra-
ceous.

Aloor Gagah, Verupha, July, 1842.

The branches are greenish inner petals quite hide the geni-
talia, and form together an oblong 3-furrowed body, outer pe-
tals scarcely opening, exceedingly thick and tough obtusely
triangular, taken together.

710 ANONACES.
Uvarie sp.

Ramuli albidi fol. distant. breve petiolat, oblongo-lanceolat.
longe et obtuse cuspidata, atro-viridia coriacea integra glabris
(v. 2 dariis exceptis) indistincte venosa.

Pedunculi axillares, ferruginei bractes pluribus, distichis,
ferrugineis basin versus, deorsum curvate. Fl. solitaria
penduli magna, viridescent extus ferruginei.

Cal. basi planus areola obsolete 3-gona notat. (angles al-
ternating with sepals) profunde 3-partitus laciniis 3 angular.

et. 6 carnosa biseriate, 3 exterior triplo major sublanceo-
lata, basi late glabrata vix concava, utrinque presertim extus
pubescent ferrug. 3 interiora sericeo-pubescent unguibus dis-
tantibus in conum super genitalia connivent cohzrente.

Anth. sessiles cuneat truncat. extrorse bilocul. connect.
occupying whole breadth of apex, numerous in several se-
ries, ovaria in conum disposita series, styles filiform clavate
very long, twisted, cellular scarcely stigmatose.

Space between their bases occupied by a large mass of
light brown viscum, which is probably the stigma.

In the young state the styles are merely incurved, dilated
and compressed, truncate at apex, furrowed longitudinally
the margins of truncate apex along the end of sulcus looking
rather stigmatic.

Stamina disposed in a subdepressed libns mass.

Pistilla when torn up from base, shew there 5 distinct
veins, ] middle, 2 lateral. Ovula 4-6 plura uniseriata.

Has. Malacca. Aloor Gagah, Verupha: July.

Oss. This is like the Usesquipedalis. It belongs to same
sqad as the lutea, but passing off, the limiting of the stigmatic,
secretion to the lower part of the style, and its congregation
into a central viscous mass is curious, so are the long styles,
twisted inwards almost involute, at the apex the fecundating
sphacelation is intense at base of the styles.

PT i A a a ET NAMEN re LET Er ERR d
= PT 5 Ey eae : West
3

UVARIA. rast
Uvaria heteroclita. Pl. DCXLIX. Fig. II.

Rami flexuosi, hinc illinc crebre verrucis (lenticellis) as-
perato. Folia alterna breviter petiolata (petiolis basi haud
articulatis supra planiusculis), ovula acuminata, distanter
obsoleteque dentata carnosa glabra. Fructus dense capitu-
los globosos axillares nutantes dispositis sublente pedunculo
Crasso squamato.

Carpella (immatura) plurima dense congesta globosa, vel
obcompressione majorem ovalia, angulata pressione, apice
areolo sub 4-angulo plano quasi truncato notata, hinc et
postice linea membrana brunnea sphacelata arcte adhzrente
cujus apex stylum brevem simulat. orta stipata, sessilia, uni-
locularia disperma.

Semina transverse sita, pendula reniformia hilo termina-
tionem linez brunnes versus directo.

Pulpa futura baccar. arcte semin. adherent. Tegument.
exterius unicumque crassum extus brunnescens subcoria-
ceum, intus cellulos. an e secoidinio adnato.

Albumen arcuatum, molle niveum membrana cellulosa
Secondinia pallidissima brunnea inclusumczque adherens,
apice excepto prolongatione intus tegumenta externe secus
curvatura maxima profunda, quasi dimidiatum.

Membrana nuclei apicem versus tantum distincto, imo
apice sphacelata ceterum cum albumine secondiniaque adhz-
rens,

Embryonis rudimentem subobcordatum ex apicem nucleum
pendens.

Ejusdem generis cum Uvaria heteroclita Roxburgh, Fi. 3
Ind. ed 1832, 2,663. quæ forsan eadem.

Suddyah: Fed. 2, 1836. Leviter aromatice omnia Ano-

nacearum albumine integro excepto,

L4

7/12 ANONACE.
Uvaria (Aichmanthera) odorata.

Arbor. humilis cortice albescent. Ramis, ramulisque
flexuosis subsimplicibus laxis, fol. alternis, in petiolis bre-
vibus canalieulat. ovato-oblongis basi ssepius cordatis, ali-
quando obliquis cordatis, repandis integris supra atro-virid.
infra fusco-viridibus maculis nigrescentibus pallidis floribus
axillaribus racemosis, pendulis, primo viridibus demum lu-
teis, magnis odoratissimis. Racemis paucifloris, interdum
1-floris aliis abortientibus pedicellis velutinis articulatis basi
bracteatis.

Cal. 3-partit. basi plana sepalis coriaceis lati-ovatis reflexis !

Cor. 6-petal. biseriatis seriei extima majora, lanceolato-li-
nearia longissima venosa. demum subrepanda marginibus re-
volutis.

Stam. 00, hypogyna, filam. sub 0, connectivum ultra an-
theram in apicula spinescente breve product. Anth. adnate
introrse, stam demum brunnee.

Stigmata turbinata capitulum aggregata: styli breves,
ovaria plura l-locularia, pluri-ovulata, ovulis 2 serialibus,

carpella immature stipitata pyriformia, torulosa vel nec, bac-
cata nempe pulpa repleta, seminibus 1-2 vel plura, trans-
versis.

Pet. interior demum basibus conniventia! Genus distinc-
tum Uvaria proxima distinguend.

Calycis sepala reflexa. Pet. interiore paulo minore. Anth.

spinecente. Stigmata turbinata in capitulum ultra
anth. productum, aggregata, ovula glabra, l-locul. ovulis
pluribus biseriatis, carpella glabra v imn torulosa vel levia;
1-2 sperma.

Has. Mergui, culta: Oct. 1834.

The carpella in all apocarpous Anonacee? appear to
be torulose if more than one seeded.

“ha Sig cA ME Lore VOU E MS RE DL C MEE

qoc IIo PIE OMS

2783
ARTABOTRYS.

Artabotrys malayane.

Ramuli, bright brick dust ferruginous. Folia oblonga
basi oblique cordata, cuspidato acuminata coriacea, subtus
glaucescentia et advenas ferrugineo-pubescent (uto petioli et
inflorescentia).

Pedunculi axillares, j -2 flores, foliis multo breviores, brac-
teolis pluribus caducis fl. penduli lutei fragrantes.

Cal. ultra medium 3-partitus, laciniis ovario triangular
patente ascendent. Pet. 6 longissima basi concava in glo-
bum conniventa, vix constricta linearia very gradually alter-
nate to apex, extus pubescente biseriata, valvata.

Inner three shorter much narrower, scarcely dilated at base,
leaving between the claws open genitalia, a transverse section
would be sub 4 gona of the base 3 gona.

Anthers sessile, outer series ones effete, inner extrorse with
purple mucros, cells looking as if they only contained two
rows of pollen, grains connivent.

Pistilla several disposed in a cone, the apex of which
projects beyond the globe of stamina distinct, ovaria densely
ferrugina villous surmounted by a longish stigmatic subulus
ovula few 1 seriate.

Peduncles of fruit much thickened subnutant, carpella
sessile on a 1 spherical torus, cylindical with a tendency to be
torulosz, 2-23 inches long, vertically mullilocular, each cell
with 1 seed, immature only seen, albumen ruminate.

Has. Malacca Aloor Gagah, Verupha.

This belongs to the Artabotrys squad, known by the elongate
valvate biseriate petals arched over the genitalia, and general-

E ly? torulose fruits.

A sharp angle elevated line always? decurrent from the
base of the petiole, leaves above very nitent.
Fruit cell red sometimes somewhat angular fibrous, bac-
P4

714 ANQNACEZR.

cate flesh sanguineous colours, seeds oblong ovate, greyish
raphe complete obscure. Embryo basilar minute plates
ruminating stout.

SPHJEROSTEMMA.

Spherostemma Blumiana, Pl. DCLI. Fig. I. II. DCLIV.

Frutex ramis sublevibus compressiusculis flexuosis brun-

neis. Fol. altera exstipulata in ramis articulata, ovato-lan-
ceolata acuminata cuspidata integra glabra carnosa, se-
mina pellucida contusa aromatica v. secondarie irregulariter
arcuata nexa, pagina czeterum reticulata.

Flores solitaria axillares in pedicellis petiolos subzquanti-
bus sursum incrassatis bracteate squamatis ! Bracteis imis in
tegmentus exeuntibus. Alabastra globosa basi 5 bracteata
bracteis inaequalibus 2 interioribus majoribus quorum una
maxima, 3 exterioribus minutis ute hz pedicellorum basi
carnosus. Bractea maxima ut videtur postica.

Perianth imbricata distinctio corolla nulla, sepalis. rotun-
datis, 10 sepal, sepalis inzpualibus exterioribus majoribus
interioribus nanis, vel sepala 5.

Petala his alternantia interiora nana, estivat. imbricata,
2 exterior, 3 interior.

Stam. 00, in disco conoideo elevato inserta, atrobilium Pini
nun male referentia.

| Filamenta brevissima distincta coiii præ alius di-
latatum transversum, maximum carnosum. Antheræ parve
albæ biloculares adnatæ sed non per omnes longitudinem
connectivum insertæ longit. dehiscentis, adeo dispositæ ut
antheræ externa visibiles compositæ sunt.

Stamina spiraliter disposita alternatum opposita.

Of this I have only seen young buds, the anthers are very
curious, at least as regards their disposition, the cells of
mamy course owing to the great size of the connecti-

Tane very Dig. but as if some approximation was ne-

E Mari Mo I T REEL eg EAM OEP AR Ee
PX 3g ee Lect : ey

MICHELIA, 715
cessary, they are disposed so that the cells of one anther are
closely applied to the near cells of the two contiguous stamina.

The pith of this plant is remarkable for being traversed
longitudinally by bundles of exceedingly dense irregular oc-
casionally branched fibres. These fibres are semi-opaque
containing either inside or out, amylaceous granules and
consisting of a superposition of at least two fibrous tubes.

Between the wood and bark occur, Ist dense, but small
cellular tissue, then a viscid matter, containing the rudi-
ments of fibres, the cambium. The bark is perforated here
and there with irregular inter cellular passages.

Aromatico-piperaceous smell, very like that of Sedgewickia
hence Í was led to look for coniferous markings. These
markings are less developed than in Conifer, the disk being
larger and always opaque.

The vascular system is very little developed, and consists
of unrollable ducts of a great size, the fibres of which are
occasionally mutually united along the middle.

The fibrous tissue is excessively dense, and external to the
vascular, the fibres are of small diameter, and are of punc-
tuated tissue the punctuations being in one or two series, in
addition coniferous glandular punctuations are frequent, but
apparently always in one row. The fibrous system imme-
diately surround the vessels has occasionally, the limits of
the fibres so incomplete, that the vessels appear as if con-
tained in a tube, apparently very frequently perforated, and
interspersed here and there with coniferous markings.

HyALOsTEMMA,
Hyalostemme sp. Pl. DCLIII.
MICHELIA.

Michelia champaca.
Arbor. elegans 40 pedalis trunco albescent ad altitudi-
nem 30 pedalem non ramosa.

716 ANONACE.

Folia petiolata lanceolata subacuminata integra, subtus
ad nervos sparsum pilosa. Petiolis basi vaginantibus, (nempe
marginib. canalicule circa ramum productis,) a basin usque
ad medium canaliculato superne sulcato, tantum canaliculo
abrupt terminant.

Floribus axillaribus solitariis, pedicellatis (pedicellis arti-
cularis,) primo pallide lutescentes demum, castaneo-macu-
latis postremanse, omnino brunnea ; odoratiss.

Flores bractea spathacea involuta.

Per. polysepalum, sepalis exteriorib. majora lineari spa-
thulatis interior, breviorib. angustioribusque.

Stam. 00, libera hypog. Filam. breviss. connectivum ul-
tra anther in lobule acuto producto. Anth. lineares biloc.
adnate longit. dehiscentes introrse. Torus ovulifer elonga-
tus.

Ovaria undique spicatim imbricato extus seriea. Stylo
subulato stigmata recurvo, later, superiora tantum styli
decurrente pluriovulato, ovulis biseriatis. foramen hilum
versus, i

Has. Platoor. Ins. Madamacca: August, 1834.

RoPALOPETALUM, Gen. Nov.

Ropalopetalum.

Frutex longe scandens, ramulis viridescentibus pubescent.
foliis alternis breviter petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis, obtuse
acuminatis in petiolum coriaceis decurrent. integris, cymis op-
positifoliis foliis multoties breviorib. pedunculis compressus
modo cornu curvatis ramulis arborum amplectentibus pedi-
cellis rectis subclavatis, floribus ochroleucis. Cal. 3-partit. se-
palis cordato-ovatis. Pet. 6 biserialia serie externe sepalis
alternante cordata, nervo medio infra apicem in processu
Clavato, 23 lineari longa abeunt 3 interior clausa? Stam,
hypogyna sessilia. Anth. cuneata connectivo carnoso ultra
loculos producto, Anth, adnato extrorse, Ovula 4-6 in

BULLET

aL ee

Bé d REAN

NEPHROSTIGMA. TTF

toro apice piloso insidentia l-loculare, 2-ovulata, ovulis
erectis styli brevis stigmata complanata.
Has. In sylvis intra Mergui Kulweng : Oct. 1834.

Ropalopetalum uniflorum.

Scandens per pedunculos abortivos. ramulosum uncinatos,
ramis flexuosis. petiolis foliisque subtus ad nervos fer-
rugineo pubescent. foliis lanceolat. acuminat. repandis supra
atro-viridib. subtus subglaucis floribus solitariis oppositifo-
lis, in pedunculo deorsum producto articulatis ibique
bracteatis pedicellis pubescent (nec ferrugineo pubes-
cent), sepalis cordatis acuminat. apicibus reflexis. Pet. pu-
bescent 6 exteriora majora, connectiv. apiculis sanguineis.
Stigmatibus circiter 10 albidis longit. sulcatis. Ovaria parce
Sericeo pilosa? gynophora pilosa insidentio 1 loculare ovulis
ad basin loculor. situs.

Has, In sylvis prope Kulweng: Dec. 1834.

. NEPHROSTIGMA. Gen. Nov.

Nephrostigme sp.

Frutex ramis flexuosis ramulis ferrugineo-pubescentibus,
foliis lanceolatis acuminatis integris, reticulatis, senioribus
glabris atro-viridibus, junior lete viridibus. Inflorescentia
axillare opposita, racemosa, racemis 2-floris, bracteatis, brac-
teis cordatis majusculis pedicellis crassis perianthus que extus
ferrugineo-velutinis. Cal. 3 sepala, sepalis cordatis zqualib.

Pet. 6, 3 exterior majora sepalis conformia. Stam. 00 sub-
sessilia omnia connectivo punctis rubris oleosis. Anth. ad-
natz ovarium iisdem punctis, stylo stigmatie reniforme con-

cavum, ovuli pluribus l-serialib, Stam. glauco-rubra, ovaria

rubra videntur.
Genus ob cal. petalisque conformibus subæqualibus, peta-
lis semper ? clausis, stigmatibus reniformibus facile recog-

Doscendum.

In sylvis Mergui : Sept, 1834.

718
NYMPHASACE AE.

NMPHEA.
Nymphea sp.

Pedunculi uniflori, spithamzi ; sepalis 4, lanceolato-oblon-
gis obtusis extus viridibus intus apicem versus czruleo-tinc-
tis.

Petalis pluribus, anguste lanceolato-oblongis, interioribus
minoribus exterioribus dorso plus minus viridi tinctis; odor
of primroses.

Staminib. subbiseriatis intimis effetis? multo minoribus;
17, filamentis complanatis. Anth. lividescent. mucrone ob-
tuso purpurascent.

Stigmatibus comubus 10 obtusis incurvis, infra medium di-
atat. stigmatosa, puactum rotundum in centro stigmatis com-
Imunis.

Ovar. semi superum quoad petal et presertim stamina.

Foliis suborbicularibus, sinus acuti-lobi subdivaricatis, re-
panda, latissimeque crenatis, vena centrali, e superne visa li-
neari recta diaphana: subtus saturato-csrulea purpur. venis
prominulis viridibus utrinque glabris. Akin to N. stellate, but
has scarcely any appendages to the antheres.

BaARcrAYA.

— Barclaya.

Sepala 5 patentia linearia hypogyna, subzqualia dorso,
subcarinata acuta 3 exteriora.

Cor. tubo subcylindrico limbo 7-partito, laciniis subin-
flexis, oblongis imbricatis exterioribus multo majoribus.
. Stam. tubo corollz ab apice usque ad medium inserta, in-
clusa filam. filiformia. Anth. connectivo majusculo, apicula
: gue pe adnatz bilocul, longit. lateraliterque dehis-

Jue CUI TN SE ES rely A MNT UNES E ae

EURYALE. 719

Ovarium corollæ adnatum, styli 0. Stigma plura subulata
erecta, subconniventa apertura in stigma verum obovatum,
ovarii parietes attingentia ducens. Ovarium basi calyce
persistente stipitat. apice corolla limbo connivent. corro-
nat. 9-10 loculare loculis materia glutinosa septitis ovulis
00, dissepimentis affixis, funiculo brevi, foramen ab apicem,
conspicuum, angustus subbaccatus, corolla calyceque de-
mum erecto obtectus loculis materia glutinosiss. decolori,
semina rotundata hispida pilis conices hispidulis albumen
farinaceum e lobulis majusculis ovatis discretis lobuli cellu-
losi materia grumosa copiosa con-tinentes ! Embryo minut us
ad basin albuminis hilum prope.

Herba aquatica axi brevissima, aspectu omino monocoty-
ledonea.

Aspectu omnino monocotyled.

Has. In rivulum ad umbrosiss. Pular : Oct. 1834.

EURYALE.

Euryale feroz, Pl. DCLVII.
Has. Bootan: Dec. 23rd, 1837.

FUMARIACE.E.

FUMARIA.
Fumaria affinis, Pl. DCLVIII. Fig. I.

The flowers of Fumaria are highly irregular, in the first
place, the calyx is very indistinct. The envelopes consist of
tivo exterior scales, and four irregular leaves, all of which
are carinate, the portion forming the carina being green, all
more or less cucullate, and the uppermost one calcarato-
Saccate at the base. They are each provided with three
veins, of which the central one corresponds to the carina,

. and in its direction the tissue is, in a marked degree longi-

tudinal,

720 FUMARIACEE,

The male organs consist of two flat membranous com-
pound filaments, three-toothed at the apex, each tooth bear-
ing an anther, its veins are three in number of which the
central one is most distinct. The lateral anthers are uni-
locular, the central truly bilocular all are extrorse. The
pollen presents 4, and perhaps more grooves or pores,

The pistillum consists of a unilocular uniovulate ovarium ;
an articulated declinate style, with 4 vessels, and a large
stigma, consisting of two lateral subcornute processes, and
between these, two rudimentary ones will be found. The
vessels belonging to these are close together, so that at first
sight, there would appear to be only three bundles, but pres-
sure particularly at the apex of the style demonstrates the
existence of 4. The four stigmata are opposed to the 4
leaves of the flower.

This structure is difficult of explanation.

The two scales may be bractez approximated, closely to

the flower, in which case the inflorescence if more developed, .

would—be dichotomous, and in this supposition, the two
outer larger leaves will be calyx, and the two inner corolla,
these being opposite to the two scales as they should be.
Here however the alternation is interrupted the bilocular
centralanthers are evidently opposed to the outer leaves,
but the lateral ones have no evident relation, although
they may be traced to the sides of each lateral inner leaf or
petal. The four carpellary leaves return as is very common
to their proper relations, and are opposed to the leaves of the
perianth.

The scales have so decided a relation to the bractee in
structure that I believe this view to be correct.

There seems to me, to be only one mode of explaining the
anthers, these are bilocular, the lateral anthers being
completely divided into two, in which case each anther would
be opposed to the constituent parts of the envelopes.

4

FUMARIA. 721

This, I fnd is Lindley’s view, who however shews that

the alternation is quite correct, a circumstance which I had
overlooked.

3. Stamina.
4. Ditto.

The only objection to this binary arrangement is in the
Structure of the ovarium, this however may be of little im-
portance if Papaveracez be taken into consideration. But
if Lindley is correct in saying that all the 6 stamina are
sometimes distinct, no explanation of the sort will suffice.

The opposition however resulting from this is so universal,
that it is probable there are two series of stamina, it is be-
Sides more consonant with the situation of the bilocular
anther to attribute it to pressure, rather than the simplicity
of the lateral ones to dislocation.

Examined at a very early stage, when the lateral stamina
are very nearly distinct and free, their situation is evidently
in pairs opposite to each petal, there is at this period no
appearance whatever of the simplicity of the bilocular anther.
The situation of the locnli is such as would result from the
complete division of a bilocular anther.

I see nothing in Fumaria officinalis corroborative of Lin-
dley’s notions as to impregnation, the horns of the stigma
are opposite to the sepals, and cause the bulging out as it
were of the bilocular antherz. I can ascertain no twisting
of the lateral filaments, all the anthers being without excep-
tion extrorse. The fact is, that the cavity in which the ge-
nitalia are confined is so limited that no peculiar means
are necessary to counteract the defect in situation of the an-
thers, and impregnation is nearly universal. The anthers
after dehiscence contract much in size, and shortly after this
operation, they beeome removed from the stigma, which is
then surrounded by the pollen.

a4

722 FUMARIACE.

Bocconia is said to be apetalous, if so, so may be Fumaria-
cez, the development and origin of the envelopes is perhaps
rather calycine than petaline, but the subject is so difficult
as to require extensive examination, Papaveraceze cannot be
well understood, the two-leaved calyx and 4-leaved corolla
requiring satisfactory explanation. We might combine Fu-
mariacee with Papaveracee because of Hypecoum which is
another instance of incongruous inconsistency. If it ought
to be done, then we ought to treat similarly all intermediate
forms.

Hyprecoum.

Hypecoui sp. Pl. DOLIX.

Herba annua, tenera glaucescens, statura valde variabilis.

Radix fusiformis. Petiolis canaliculatis basi dilatatis.
Foliorum limbis pinnatis, pinnis saepius alternantibus sub
capillaceis pinnatifidis lobis bi-trilobis. Inflorescentia pluries
dichotoma initio cernua. Pedunculi crassiusculi spithamzei
interdum pedalis dichotomis ramis foliis 2 capillacei- pinnati-
fidis oppositis suffultus, ramulo centrale florigero nudo, this
continues 2 or 3 times, one of the branches being more or
less completely dichotomous.

Flos. expansus bilabiat. labiis rectis sinistrisque sepalis in-
terior patentis deltoides cuspidatis concavis marginibus de-
mum involutis. Petalis erectiusculis labiis biniis utrinque.

ores laterales ultima foliolis eodem more divisis, stipata.
Pedicelli subclavato fructuum cernui. Bractee bine ovate,
(sepala auctor. sepala sunt) sepalinze glauca ad basin cujusque
floris. Sepala 2 estivatione incurvato-valvata, lato-oblonga
apicem versus subcarinata, lutea initio viridia sepaloidea de-
mum omnino petaloid decidua.

Pet totidem bracteis opposita ultra medium (structura sin-
gulari) sepalis paullo minora lobis lateralibus oblongis ob-
tusis, centrale (pars antheriform vasc. uno lobis lateral ve-

*

HYPECOUM. 723

nulosis. Potius, pedicelli partis antheriformis, alato
lobat. lobis postea evolutis,) antheriformem brevi pedicellat.
concava lamina pulehra fimbriata, demum recurva, carina
obsoleta in centro lutea maculis parvis atro-purpur.

Bractez or sepals of terminal or central flower anticous
and posticous of the lateral ones, right and left only.

Stam 4 anisomera, his petalis oppositis compositis, illis
sepalis oppositis simplicibus. Filamenta carnosa complanata,
rugosula, his (sepalinis) paullo brevioribus et 1 angustiori-
bus vasc. centrali unico illis petalis amplexis latioribus et lon-
gioribus (bis) vasibus binis, quorum quoque ad marginem
interna loculi cujusque currit.

Anthere adnate oblongz loculis lateralibus omnes bilo-
culares, et statura excepta nulli modo different. the septa
of larger ones are more complete.

Pollen ovatum medio plicatum glabrum. Ovarium
4 gonum, oblongum sursum in stylum curvatum centro
Sulcatum attenuat. Stigma bilobum et secus sulcum stylo
decurrens, fol. carpellam bina (right and left,) uniloculare,
placentis binis anticis posticisque indistinctis ovulis biseria-
tis alternant pendulis, structure ordinarie, foram. subcons-
picua ad apicem ovuli deorsumque spectantes. Fructus si-
liquiformis, deorsum curvatis, vel nutant subteres utrinque
attenuat.

This is a singular plant evidently belonging to Fumaria-
cem.

The outer scales or sepals of.some authors are perhaps
better viewed as bractee, to which in some plants of the
order, they are extremely akin in structure and form. They
may perhaps be considered as bractez from viewing the
strictly dichotomous nature of the inflorescence in some,

_ and in this case Famariacez may be expected with ternarily

Subageregate flowers, and without these outer scales.

The sepals have a curious estivation, incurvato-valvato,
itis only at an advanced stage of development, that they
puton the petaloid appearance, The petals presents the

724 FUMARIACEX.

most curious appearance, and one which shews obviously a
tendency to pass into anthers, indeed being the expansion of
the flowers, casual observation might easily suppose that they
were a bona fide part of the male apparatus, which at any
rate they certainly aid, for the fimbriated lobe embraces the
anther, and thus prevents the dispersion of the pollen in the
wrong direction. Its appearance or resemblance to an an-
ther is likewise pointed out by the carina, which may be
seen on its centre of its inner surface, and is analogous to
the septum of a locellus of bilocular anther,

The structure of the anthers is curious in as much as it
points out, that there is a strong tendency to the existence of
bilocular and unilocular anthers in the family, and tends to
disprove the idea that all are unilocular, some becoming
bilocular by adhesion, for there is no proof whatever that
those opposite the sepals are compound.

The alternation of the parts remains to be explained.

We have two outer scales, with which 2 sepals alternate,
opposite the scales a trilobed body of petaloid nature, and
opposite these two compound stamina and the sepals 2
simple stamina, my idea is this, that the outer scales form part
of the calyx, which is hence biseriate. The petals are
represented by the lobes attached to the antheriferous body,
from which their venation is distinct botb in nature and
origin.

Stamina.
Corroborated by development, the antheriform part formed
first and cæteris paribus the soonest developed, the sta-
mina opposed to the large sepals open first.

ii.

HYPECOUM. 795

The stamina are 8, of these four are opposite the sepals
so understood, and 4 to the petals, the two outermost of the
outer series are opposite the scales, and are barren, the two
next are simply bilocular, according to the tendency shewn
this way by the antheriform body, testa ejus carina. The
four inner ones, are united two and two are obviously op-
posed to the lobes of the antheriform body or petals.

Thus viewed, the only deviation from the due alternation
exists in the carpellary leaves, which ought to be opposed to
the scales or outer sepals, but the subject of the relation of
these leaves to those of the calyx demands rigid investiga-
tion.

Fumariacee are thus quaternary and the Hypothesis of Dr.
Lindley, so far as Fumaria is concerned is corroborated. If
the above view is correct the outer scales most form portion
of the calyx, because as these in the case of their being
bractez have nothing whatever to do with the flower, there
would be no reason for the opposition of the outermost sta-
mina with them.

What might be the case in a plant with genuine opposite
leaves is another thing, there is nothing discordant with the
assumption of a flower of two opposite bractes, and two
Sepals, with two stamina opposite these bractes.

Char. generis. Sepala 4 biserialia, exteriora minora, Pe-
tala 2, triloba lobo medio antheriformi-fimbriato. Stam.
4,2 sepalis majoribus-2 petalis opposita, antheris biloculari-

us,

Fructus seliquiformis.

Herba tenera fragilis, foliis pinnatis pinnis pinnatisectis,
inflorescent dichotoma, floribus bilabiatis luteis.

l. Plant.

2. Alabastrum.

3. Flower, inner petaloid sepals removed.

4. Bud, sepals removed, the two lateral lobes represent

the petals, the inner, the outer squamiform sepal.

5. Bud larger sepals removed, one of the petaliform com-

726 RANUNCULACES.

pound bodies slightly displaced the other in situ, and
enclosing one of the compound anther.

6. Petaliform compound body viewed in front shewing the
distinct venation of the parts, and the carina represent-
ing the septum of a locellus.

7. Flower after expansion, outer sepals, and one of the
petaliform compound bodies removed, the other in situ,
anthers withered as well as the apex of the filaments.

8. Do. viewed in front.

9. Petaliform compound body, veins not shewn except on
pressure.

10. Antheriform lobe in front. 10. Do. laterally.

ll. One of the simply bilocular anthers, opposed to the
larger sepals.

12. Larger anthers, each composed of two simply unilocu-

larones opposed to petalisform compound body, the

difference in their venation shewn.

13. Dehisced anther laterally.

14. Pollen. 14a. immersed in water.

15. Transverse of ovary.

16. Upper part of pistillum (young) laid open.

17. Portion of a long section of a do. of expanded flower.

17a. Style and stigmata.

18. Orulum.

18a. Do. long section, second coat not distinct.)

RANUNCULACEJE.

General Remarks.

In this order, there is a great tendency towards the trans-
formation of petals into stamina, the tendency is at its mi-
nimum in those genera which have petals of the ordinary form,
atits maximum in those in which the petals are cucullate,
the intermediate form existing in those species in which a

*

ES LY

GENERAL REMARKS, Tee.

scale is present fixed near the base of the petal, or when
the base, itself as glandular.

It is to this excessive tendency, that the want of petals in
Clematidez is to be ascribed, and hence we may be led to
eXpect the existence of species belonging to this section in
which the transformation is not altogether complete, and
this will be proof furnished by induction.

The ovula have only one tegument, which is testa. The
closeness of the affinity of Umbellifere to this order doeg
not appear to me very satisfactory.

It is true, that there is a remarkable coincidence in habit,
but not much more than there exists with certain Compo-
site, such as Bidens, and Coreopsis. It is with this great
family, that it seems to have very striking affinities, it ap-
proaches to it beyond all doubt in the nature of its inflores-
cence, in the frequent separation of sexes and above all
in the difference, in formation between the flowers of the
ray and the centre of the umbel, in the adhesion of the calyx
with the ovary, in the reduction often even to obliteration of
the former organ, in the number of styles and of stigmata.

It certainly has marked differences of which the separation
of petals is the most important, for monopetalism may
regarded as at its maximum in Composite. In the bicar-
pellary nature of its ovary it also differs, but such should
be the structure of Composite.

The different direction of the ovule is not much to be
depended on, since in Opercularinez—a tribe acknowledged by
all to be closely allied to Compositze, the seeds are pendulous.
The same remark applies to the presence of albumen, with
this difference that in Opercularinee, the embryo is axile,
in Umbellifere basilar. That this minute point is not of
much value, as indeed might be argued a priori, is indicated
by the structure of the seed of Lardizabalee as compared
with Menispermez.

The first tendency towards suppression seems to take
place in Vaterianeæ, in which the abortive cells are not quite

723 RANUNCULACE.£.

obliterated, and in some of which the ovary would appear
to be really simple. The same may be said of Dipsaceze, but
this statement of simple ovary is opposed to an observation
of Mr. Brown, viz., there is no instance known of a simple
inferior ovarium.

I think, it can scarcely be doubted that the real rela-
tions of Umbelliferz are in this direction, the only strong
objection being its polypetalism. It must not be forgotten
that if there be a law of representation in the vegetable
kingdom such as there is in the animal, that the re lations of
Apiacez with Ranunculacee are quite in order.

The presence of a minute embryo, at one extremity
of the albumen is only important as indicating a lower degree
of organisation, the formation of albumen being such as to
impede the cotyledonary growth of the embryo. It follows
as a consequence of this, that the situation of such an em-
bryo must be at the apex of the nucleus.

'The idea entertained by some botanists of albumen al-
ways pre-existing, which has led Mr. Lindley to suppose, that
in those cases in which it is slight in quantity ‘it is merely
a residium, is erroneous. If it were true, albumen should
be distinctly traceable in all the stages of the evolution of
an exalbuminous seed, this however is not the case, and the
distinction between an albuminous and exalbuminous form-
ation is easy enough.

The dilatation of the base of the petioles is not a mark of
a valve, it éxists for instance in Rosacee, and in Composite
ete. Evenin the opposition of the leaves certain species
Spananthe for instance agree with Compositz.

If my views be correct, we may expect to find Umbelli-
ferze with tendencies to the formation of pappus.

I may remark, that the value of the minute basilar em-
bryo is completely destroyed by Araliacez, in which D C
affirms it is nearly equal in length to the albumen, Lindley
notices this, but not the discrepancy of his own account in
which it is given as in Ranunculacee. It is through this

es

GENERAL REMARKS. ` 729

erder that Umbelliferæ are related to Sambuceæ, curious en-
quiries suggest themselves concerning pappus. Vateriana
would lead as to suppose, that this organ is more developed
according as the flowers are submitted to more or less mutual
pressure, This subject can however only be cleared up by am-
ple examination, many exceptions would appear to exist
to the idea in Composite.

The abortion of the ovaria ought to be examined, parti-
cularly as to its constancy with relation to the parts of the
flower, because this may suggest other affinities with Com-
posita.

I am inclined to doubt the affinity of Vites with Umbel-
liferæ, it is an instance rather of analogy. The inferior
calyx, valvate corolla, and particularly the position of the
stamina relatively to this, the plurality of seeds and their
direction are all important marks of difference.

! I could shew with equal reason affinities with an order,
usually, supposed to be far removed, Cucurbitacee, in habit
articulation, tendrils, (although these fulcra perhaps have
not the same origin in the two organs,) in polypetalism, and
opposition of stamina.

Through Sambucez they pass into Caprifoliaceze, in some
of which a degradation of calyx occurs, and to Saxifragee
through Hydrangea.

In the inflexion of the stamina during estivation Vateri-
ana agrees additionally with Umbelliferze. In this genus
there is tendency towards Dipsacee, which have connate
filaments, indicated by the union of the filaments towards
the base where they are adnate to the corolla. The effect of
this is the formation of a sort of septum, which with the
gibbosity gives somewhat the appearance of a tendency to
calcaration.

The zestivation is imbricate, the venation is curious, the
primary veins being luminary and axile, mutually giving off
. . Cross branches which run across the sinuses, before arriving

. Opposite to each, they give off a branch which however does

R4

*

790 i RANUNCULACEÆ.

not" reach to the termination of the axile one, which is
clavate, (I have badly explained this.)

The ovary has 6 nerves, three of which occupy one
side, two the margins, and one the opposite side, the inter-
venia are shortly hairy.

The ovula except in situation much resembles those of
Composite, and like them they are reduced to a single tegu-
ment eog uniformly and as it were identified with the

nucleu

The jirih coat formed is the embryonary sac, in its
earlier stages it is very apparent, but in the perfect seed
adheres with the outer coat, with which it is likely to be
confounded, it is developed from the base of the nucleus.
It has precisely the same structure as the corresponding
coat of Composite, which is at once known by the areola
being occupied with masses of grumous tissue.

. The endocarp? subsequently becomes soluble and sea
parates with the seed, it is coriaceous inclining to bony-
It might at first sight be mistaken for the testa, but its being
evascular, and the presence of the raphe or the inner lining
or envelope are sufficient proofs of its nature.

In this Vateriana is the reverse of many and perhaps most
Composit, in which the immediate envelope of the seed is
derived from the embryonary sac, the testa generally separat-
ing with the fruit, to the inner paries of which it indeed
adheres. The cotyledons are alternate to tbe raphe.—
The style has three vascular fascicles.

Is not the double pappus analogous to the involucel of
certain Dipsacez.

he assertion, that Gentianee have hypogynous disk
is not correct, I find in a species of Gentiana common

in Bootan, that it is a good deal developed, and distinctly
divided into 5 1obes, which lobes as might be expected alter-
mate with the fertile stamina or in other words are opposite
to the segments of the corolla, we may hence expect to
oy, find decandrana Gentianeg.

1

"CETERI SORS

LOU TER

TRUE (ed ous a P ET ES

we

GENERAL REMARKS. 731

The additional lobes of the corolla: alternating. with the
true lacineze are mere processes of the sinuses or rather each
petal may be esteemed as being 3-lobed, the lateral lobes of
two distinct petals being frequently completely connate.
This latter view is pointed out by their occasional emar-
gination, the former by the fact that they are completly
evascular.

I once had an idea, that in all truly monopetalous corollas,
the veins would run both in the axes of the component
lacinez, and in the axes of the sinuses, but Gentiane at least
the species alluded to, is an exception to the contrary, to such
a degree that no vascular fascicle is even furnished to the
stamina, while the lacineze are provided with three distinct
fascicles, which have in the lamina, the ordinary distribution.

In this respect it agrees with Villarsia. The locule of the
anthers are after dehiscence completely opened out and
placed back to back, they are in this state much contracted.
They recover their original dimensions and form by immer-
sion, and what is curious, lose immediately their red colour.

The last point is, that the whole surface of the ovaria may
bear ovula, of this the species alluded to affords an example
of baccate fruit. One Cucurbitaceous plant is indeed so like a
Vitis (Cissus) that it is impossible to perceive any difference
until after a close examination.

To return to Ranunculacez, the tendency of the order to
produce petals passing into stamina is borne out by the study
of the other nearly allied orders, such as Magnoliaceze
Nymphezacez, etc. but the transformation may be assumed in
these to be retrograde. It will be a curious corroboration
if retrograde metamorphosis be found to be more complete
than progressive.

732 BANUNCULACES.
ACONITUM.
Aconitum lethale, Gr. Pl. DCLX. Fig. III.

Radix fusiformis exambitu radiculas fibrosas proferens,
colore (saltem sicca) albido vel chocolate coloured.

Caulis subteres nunc fere sesquipedalis minute puberulis,
sursum ramosus, Gemme nude foliis junioribns imbricatim
conduplicativis. Folia alterna interiora ambitu rotundata su-
periora cordata, ternatim secta, lobis lateralibus bilobatis,
terminata cuneata, czeterum medium supra pinnatifida den-
tata infra integra, dentibus rotundatis, obtuse mucronatis,
utrinque subglabra lucida subtus late viridia infra albida.

Petiole presertim inferiores, lamina excedentes basi versus
paullo dilatato, canaliculato-subglabra. Flos (unico tantum
viso) pedunculum axillarem filiformem. subgracilem puberu-
lum, folia vix æquans terminans florem paullo infra gerens
bracteas vel folia floralia subsessilea trilobula, lobo terminali
integriora subopposita, singulus juniorem tantum vidi.

Sepala 5 imbricata 4 subæqualia herbacea subrotundata,
quinto difforme longitudinaliter et inzequaliter bisaccato et
prealia extus minute pubescens.

Pet 3, 2 in gremia sulcorum sepala recondita sigmoidea
flexa, calcarata calcare recurvo obtuso bilabiata, labio superi-
ore bilobo reflexo, inferiore carnosiore integro 3tio inter
hec situ minuta subsaccata.

Stam. subtriginta, exteriorum 1-2 abortiva. Filam subu-
lata basi conspicua dilatata et utrinque denticulata. Anth.
introrsu! suborbiculares livide, biloculares loculorum linea
apice fere confluenta,

Carpella 4 styli filiformes breves, stigmata subcapitata,
longitudinaliter et directione suture placentarie! ovula in-
definite, transversa pluriseriate.

Aconiti verisimiliter species, sed certe distinct e specie

COPTIS. 733

. Alabastri wm view,
Do. front vie
Front view " "third petal.
Lateral ditto.
Lateral view of saccate petal.
Front view of do.
Outer view of stamen.
8. Inner ditto.
9. Pollen, the polliniferous masses most distinct and very
easily separable.
10. Flower irregular sepals removed.
11. Ovary.
12, Do. long section.
. 13. Ovula.
I3a. Shewing the direction of its foramen.

An genus novum, Áconito proximo abeo discrepans. Pe-
talis tribus, difformibus sepalaque quinto bicarinato, et
a tribu antheris introrsis, anne ideo inter Helleboreas. Pæo-
niaceasque osculans. E charactere affine videtur A. bifloro,
Fisch. D. C. Pr. 1-64.

A. lethale mihi, pedunculis —— apicem versus bibrac-
teatis galea navicularia bicarinata, pet sacco angusto calare
brevi recurvo, labio reflexo.

Has. In montibus allioribus Mishmeensia e quibus radi-
ces vivas procuravo. Florunt in horta apud Suddyah: Feb.
1837.

\ bractea removed,

NA Oe whe

This is the plant producing the celebrated Bis, or poison
of the Mishmees.

CoptTis.

Coptis tecta, Wall.* Pl. DCLX. Fig. II.
Caulis e maxima parte subterraneus repens. Radicule
plurime fibrose. "1

* Transac. Med. and Phys. Soc. Cal. nomen certe non retinendum
mere a Jjectivum assamicam amarum.

734 RANUNCULACE.£.

Petioli basi dilatati carnosi, cauli approximati, summi in
squamis bracteiformibus imbricatis scariosis fuscis mutato,
squamze an potius gemmaceze.

Folium junius in gremio fissure. basilaris petiola recon-
dita. Petioliis junior. apice cygnoideus nempe deorsum
arcuatus, venatio conduplicativa.

Squama terminalis fere axin circa inserta, gremis scapum
petiolumque gerens, scapus viridis sulcatus petiolo penultimi
4 plo brevior, apice biflorus. Bractea linearis apice inciso
pinnatifida subflores.

Flores nutantes superius fere pendulus, parvi inconspicue
albidis.

Pedicellis eodem more 2-sulcata, sulco quoque sepals op-
posito,

Sepala ovata venosa petaloidea tenuia postico estivatione
imbricativa aperta.

Petala 10 lanceolata subunguiculata vel spathulato-lan-
ceolata, sepalis aliquoties minora czeterum structura similia.

Stam. 00 hypogyna extrorsa sub 4-5 in axam petalis alterna.
Filamenta filiformia brevia, anthere adnatz subextrorse bilo-
culares lateraliter et longitudinaliter dehiscentia flavescentia-
bina petalo quoque opposita bina alterna.

n 40 quadriseriati, serie externa et tertia petalis alterna
secunda et intima his opposita.

Connectivum ultra anther non product.

Pollen albidum opacum rotundatum aspectu reticulato gra-
nulosum, plicis vel poris sub lente w non aspiciendis.

Carpella petalis alterna? an biseriata, axeos summitata
nuda subulata introrsum leviter curvata, l-locularia, ad imi-
dio supero sursum interdum vacua.

Stylus filiformis postica longitud. sulcatus.

Stigma simplex obtusiusculum ovula sub 6, biseriata trans-
verse affixa anatropa tegumento singulo? foramen hilum
versus centrum @rpella spectans.

l. Alabastri sulci of pedicel correspond with sepal.

2. Do. sepals removed. Petals somewhat spread out.

MEE TR RT MEE Mm ER E n SET ae NT
d ee "à Perm Tree One MEE ee

1 SE M PPE T Jose E 1105. S e EAR LO
cds Su

ANEMONE. 735

3. Posticous view of stamen.

4. Anticous do,

5. Lateral do.

6. Pollen opaque.

7. Moistened, rather in water.

8. Ovaria in situ.

9, One do. lateral.

10, Do. inner or posticous or sutural face.

11. Do. laid open, along suture, ovula back of seen.

12. Ovulum front view.

13. Do. lateral.

It is at once obvious, that this is no Coptis, it does not
even belong to Helleboreze, the section in which Coptis is
arranged.

It differs only from Anemonez in having several ovula to
each carpellum, it may probably rank between Auemone and
Hellibore, agreeing with the former in its plane petals, with
the latter in its pluri-spermous carpella. I am ignorant of
most of the genera, and have taken D C as a guide.

It may be a new genus and be thus characterised.

Sepala 5 petaloidea. Pet. 10 subunguiculata nuda. Stam.
00. Ovaria 10 receptaculo centro nudo imposita, pluriovulata
subsessilia.

Herba perennis amara, (caulis intus aurea.) Folia triter-
nata secta. Scapas terminalis biflorus.

Habitus ut videtur Coptidis, Anne Knowltonez affinis anne
Adonidem et Hamadryadea inter locandus.

Vis forte febrifuga. »

ANEMONE.

Anemone cynosurus, Gr. Pl. DCLX. Fig. I.

1. Plant. .

2. Flower just expanding.
3. Expanded flower.

796 RANUNCULACEA.

4, Petal.

5. Oblique view of base and its scale, which is not always.

present.
6. Outer inner and lateral view of anther.

7. Pistillum inner and lateral,

8. Do. Long section of ovary.

9. Ovulum long section I am not certain about its single
tegument.

Has. Affghanistan Cabul pn no. 270.

NARAVELIA.
Naravelia zeylanica.

Scandens caulibus purpurescent, fol. 1-jugis petiolo longe
producto, apice uncinato. fol. ovata subacuminata integra
ceriacea venosa, utrinque glabra. Paniculis divaricatis race-
mosis, folia excedent. floribus viridib. suave odoratis.

Cal. 4-sepalus, sepalis ovatis caducis zestivatione involuto
valvatis marginibus tomentoso-velutinis,

Pet. 12, si pauciora in stamina converta, clavata viri-

ia.

Stamina circiter 24, an semper biserialia, 1 cujusque seriei
cuique petalo opposito. Anth. subsessilis, adnate lineares,
introrsz longit. dehiscent, connectiv. carnosu luteum. |

Ovaria 10, 12, 18 seriea stipitata, stylus filiformis brevis
stigma ovata obliquum. Ovar. 1-loculare, I-ovulat. ovulo
pendulo ab apice loculi, foramen hilum prope tegumenta
ovuli distincta.

Has. Mergue. In sylvis Ins Madamaca: Dec. 1834.

E
B

NX T E RARE RE i wont Tu e

erro ipa icc ia,
ia ge * *

> i MEN

See

APPENDIX.

THE FOLLOWING NOTES HAVE BEEN ACCIDENTALLY
OMITTED UNDER THEIR PROPER HEADS

1, Ocimum.

Floribus albis, odor. suaviss. Cal. tubo brevi inzequaliter
5-dentat. sepala postice reniforme margines nempe utrinque
producte, dentibus 2 inferior longioribus angustioribus-
que.

Cor. infundibulif. bilabiat. lab. super. maximo 4-dentato.
inferior lineare oblongum, apice denticulat. Stam. didynama
deorsum flexa paris superior longiorisque, basi versus dente

retrorsu spectanti pilosa. Filam. exserta subulata. Anth.
reniform. ovatz, 1-locularis, stylus filiformis basi purpu-
rescens apice bifidus, stigmata simplicia. Ovaria ordinis
nempe e carpellis 4 inm versus cohwrentibus, carpellis
1-locularibus, 1-ovulatis, ovulis erectis.

Didynamia anomalis pare supera nempe majore longiore-
que, alternatio stamina ut sequenter par inferum edentatum,
utrinque labii inferioris oblonge, par superum, inter dentes
laterales, et 2 centrales, lab. super 4-fidi, quinte si ad
esset, inter dentes duos centralis.

Credi pilosa caulibus tetragonis. fol. ovatis, serratis pellu-
cido-punctat. Inflorescentia verticelat. racemosa bracteata,
floribus ternis in axillis cujusque bractee, pedicellis nutant

Has. Mergue. In ruderatis Madamaca: Oct, 1834.

2, Decastrophia inconspicua. Pl. DCXIII. Fig. IV.
Frutex scandens, foliis longiuscul. petiolat. petiolis utrin-
que attenuatis, exstipulat. alternis oblongo-ovatis, basi sub-
cordatis palmatisque 5-nervus acuminatis repandis subtus
glaucis, paniculis racemosis, racemisve axillarib. petiolis
| s 4

738 APPENDIX.

brevior, floribus minutiss. lutescentibus viridi, Bractea
minima ovata ad basin pedicello cujusque.

Cal. in tubo subturbinato ovario adnat. limbo brevissim.
5-dentat. Pet. tot quot dentis calycinz iis alternant. disco
epigyno inserta acuta venta reflexis patentia, zestivatione val-
vata, marginibus dorsisque ad apices glandulosa.

Stam. totidem petalis opposita cum iis inserta, Filam.
brevissima petalis basibus leviter ad nexis utrinque glandula

viridescent apice pilifera petalis adnata stipata. Potius pe-
tala basibus 2 glandulosa glandulis sessilibus apice piliferis,
stamina cilie pari interjecto. Anth. bilocul. adnatæ, lon-
git. dohiscent.

Discus epigynus lutius integer cicatricib. petalor albidis,
stylus breviss. Stigma 3 capitata papilosa, Ovar. 1-locu-
lare, 3-ovulat.

Ovulis pendulis, foramen hilum prope.

Olacineis affinis ob petalorum valvationem appendiculari-
que, ob ovarium ovulaque pendula distinct ob ovaria inferum,

Has. In sylvis intra Mergui et Beiktown : Dec. 1834.

Cirrhis oppositifolia, Omnia fere Rhzemnearum et przesertim
Gouaniz affinis : Discrepant ovar. 1-loculare, 8-ovulat. ovuli-
que pendulis, anne potius Santalaceis affinis sed placenta
centralis.*

3. Pierardie, sp. Pl. DLXXXV. A. Fig. XV.

' . Arbuseula dioica inflorescentia frequentius e trunco ortis,
paniculata, paniculis racemosis floribus parvis lutescent sæ-
pius 3 in pedunculo quoque. Pedicellis brevibus, peduncu-
lus excedentib. adjunctionem articulatis, bracteolis minutis
ad siere cujusque floris bracteis (ad basi pedunculoso) lan-

pee (lataque panicula velutina) 4-sepalum, sepalis

* An Mackaya, Arnoth. modecopsis Gr,

VW E CE ESE O A DA

CRYPTOCARYA. 3 739

subæqualibus æstivatione imbricatis, dorso præcipue ad
apices cellulis albidis barbatulis, concavis, intus cellulis ob-
longis inflatis bullatis.

Stam. 4-6 interdum plura hypogyne, alternatione nulla,
aliquis nempe sepalis oppositis, aliquis alternant in 6 sepa-
losis, fere omnia, alternantib. filam. brevib. subincurvis,
Anth. bilocul. longit. lateraliterque dehiscent. Stylus breviss.
crassus. Stigma peltata plana, cellulis iisdem barbatulat-
Ovar. solidem abortiens.

Fructus edulis e£ fructus Burmannos inter fere optimus
in cellula bullatze materia grumosi replete glanduliformes.

Has. In sylvis densis montanis Madamacca : Nov. 1834.
Folia abnormalis.

4. Cryptocarya rubiginosa.

Arbuscula, trunco gracili altius ramoso ramulis crassis
compressis, petiolis foliorum nervis mediis bases versus pe-
dunculis pedicellisque plus. minus ferrugineo-velutinis, fol.
breve petiolatis alternis, ad apices ramulorum confertis ma-
ximis, longitud. 8-10 uncialib. diametro 3-4 oblongo lanceo-
lat. acuminat. subintegris coriaceis subtus glaucescent et re-
ticulatis, petiolo interdim ad apicem inferne glanduloso.
Racemis axillaribus paniculatis, nempe ramulis inferior, 2-3
floris, petiolis duplo longiorib. floribus inconspicuis lutescente
viridescentib. odoratis.

Per. connivens, 6-sepala, sepalis ovatis dorso plus minus
ferrugineo-pubescent-exterior estivatione valvat. interior
imbricat. Stam. 3 serialia, seriebus duabus exterior intror-
sis, staminodia 2 serialia 9, omnino libera nec filam. stipan-
tia, carnosiss. angulat. sifbantheriform lutescente omnia breve
stipitat. filam. pilos. Anth. bilocellat. Ovar. ovat. 1-locul.
l-ovulat. ovulo pendulo ab apice loculi, foram. superum
hilum versus, stylus subulat. stigma subsimplex.

Stam. 6 exterior, per paria utrinque filamentor 3 interme-

740 APPENDIX.

dior vel sepalis interior opposit. adjecta sed libera 3 interior
saminib. exterior oppositis et interioribus alternantia.
Has. Mergue. Ad summitat. collis Palor. Jan. 1835.

5. Vitex elegans.

Arbor. humilis, ramulis ad apices foliosis, petiolis pedun-
culisque ferrugineo-pubescent, fol. longe petiolat. quinate
digitat. foliolis juniorib. ovato-ellipticis subintegris, subtus
reticulat. petiolis petiolulisque supra canaliculat. Cymis axil-
laribus divaricat. petiolos. excedent. pluries dichotomis, ra.
mis ramulisque quadrati-compressis. ^ Bracteis parvis
membranaceis deciduis. Floribus numerosiss. elegantibus,
suave odoratis.

Cal. tubulosus brevis, breviter 5 dentat. persistens. Cor.
bilabiat. tubo calyce excedent subinflat. lab. superior bifido
lateralibusque albidis oblongis reflexis, 9 5 medio, lab infer.
porrecto, obovato spathulato pallide cceruleo basi lutescente
pulchra barbata, barba purpurasc. Filam. didynam. pallide
corulia, glanduloso-pubescent parceque pilosa. Anth. atro
purpurez transverse dehiscent. Pollen alba stylus ejusdem
coloris in filam. Stigma bifidis. Ovar. biloculare, placentis
nempe accretis loculis 2 ovulatis, ovulis pendulis ab apicib.
loculor. foramen inconspicua interior.

Has. In horto meo, beato Mergui: March, 1835.

ZEstivat. imbricato, lobo medio lab. inferioris intimo!
labi super extimo. Pet lab, inferior articulat, sublente i;
minute punctulat.

6. Chionanthus terniflorus. :

Arbor. mediocris, ramulis alternantia compressis simpli-
cibus fol. ovata obovatave, acuminata integra subrepanda,
vix coriacea, subtus pallida, venis secondariis distinctis et
distinct intra marginem arcuata nexis.

"de

*

LIGUSTRUM. 741

Inflorescentia axillaris spicato-glomorata, szpius e capi-
tulis, 2 lateralibus, 3-floris, spica terminata 5-floro, floribus
3 summis capitulatis, vel terminatis tantum adest.

Pedunculus pubescens petiolis 3 linearibus duplo longior
florem parvi inconspicua ino-dora, omnes terminalis excepta
bractea parva suffulta, alba calyx brevis, admedium 4 partit.
persistens. Cor. dipetala, petala ultra media bipartita, laci-
nez lineares, obtusz involuto-concavze, linea junctionis evi-
dens, ideoque e 4 conflata, petalis in platangibus duabus
lateralibus accretis.

Stam. basi utriusque plalangis inserta, fissura opposita.
Filam brevissima, connectivum carnosum. Anthera adnata
ovata, extrorsa bilocularis feculis longitud. dehiscent medio
longitudinaliter septa flores demum planis. Pollen album .
ovata sulcat.

Ovar. subglobosum biloculare, ovula bina cuique loculo
collateralia pendula e axillia sublageniformia ob collum exos-
tom. stylus ovaria longitudine subulatus, ovarium pubescens
stigma bifidum, demum connivens divisiones anticz postice-
que ideoque his sepalis nec petalis opposit.

Fructus no isus.v

Has. Assam. Sudiya prope ripam Burrumpootur: April
15th, 8836.

Chionanthi species dichotoma Roxb. fl. Ind. 1. 107, Li-
nociera est, Intermedias inter Chionanthem et Linocieram,
Structura irregularis ob oppositione stigmata cum sepalis.

7. Ligustrum punctatum,

Arbor. majuscula, 20 30 pedalis. Folia opposita, oblongo
lanceolata acuminata obtusa, integra coriacea, pellucido-
punctata, venis subintra marginalibus, juniora sparsim pu-
bescentia. Flores paniculati inconspicui lutescentes sub-
sessiles, plerumque ternatim aggregati. Panicule termina-
les pubescentes, ramulis divaricatis. Bractea lanceolato-fo-
liacea pubescens ad basin cujusque ramulis. Bracteola
linearis cinque flori.

743 — APPENDIX.

Cal. tubulos. pubescens 4-dentat. dentibus rotundatis, 2
lateralib. paulo majoribus. Cor. infundibulif. tubo obtuse
quadrangulari, limbo 4-dentato, dentibus erectis obtusis,
subcucullatis. Stam. 2 epipetala. Filam. breviss. basi co-
rolla affixa petalis 2 alternantia. Anth bilocul. longitud.
dehiscent. Ovar. ovat. 2-loculare, loculis 2-ovulatis ovulis
pendulis foramen ad hilum. Stylus sub 0. Stigma capitat.
transverse sulcat.

ZEstivatio corollae valvat. corolla exserta.

Has. In sylvis circa Molamyain : Dec., Jan. 1834.

8. Osyris rotundata, Pl. DCXXVII. Fig. 11.

Frutex volubilis, ramis ramulosó-flexuois viridibus. Foliis
alternis obovatis in petiolum attenuatis junioribus spathu-
lato-obovatis carnosis integerimis glaberia obtusis basi 5-
veniis.

Floribus TRÀ parvis viridibus aggregatis pedicellis
bracteolatis szepius unifloris interdum racemiformibus.

Filam. breviss. Anth. composed of two subreniform loculi
placed obliquely.

Calycis tubus subglobosus, laciniis lata ovatis erectis vel
etiam conniventibus stylus per brevis. Stigmata 5 parvis,
radiantia:

Ovarium subbaecat.

Discus epigynus parum elevatus concavus sub 5 gonus.

Placenta infra centrum mammilliforme ovulis 5 circa
basi radiatum affixis deorsum spectant nuclearum apice
sacculi embryonis globoso } exserto.

ca drupa initio rubra demum atro-perp. urceolata,
tubo globoso, calyce immulato et coronata.
- Pyrena apice mammillata 5-6 sulcata angulata, angulis ro-
tundatis.

Semen 1 albumen pyrene profunde intrante 4-5 divisum,
lobes of albumen on a transverse section obcordate.

Has. Malacca. In sylvis secus litora Daris: Tangong

a

|
|
|
|
|
4

b

STROPHANTHUS. 743

Vegetation peculiar chiefly of Eugenia trees, with one or
two Guttiferze as Calophyllum, Garcinia.

A Thibaudia very common as a shrub, Dalbergia, Premna,
Dodonza rare, Hoya grandifiora alia.

The above Santalaceous plant i is very much like one, from
mount Ophir, Pudhan Bhattoo.

This is distinguished from the other Malacca, species by
its fleshy, scarcely coriaceous leaves, by the aggregation of
the female flowers in the axills, and by the shape of the
calyx, especially in its young stages.

Osyris foliis carnosis vix coriaceous, floribus fæmin. ag-
gregatis, alabastis turbinatis, calycis tubo cito globoso.

There also appear to be no hairs at the back of the sta-
mina.

9. Strophanthus scandens ?

Frutex scandens ciliis interpet. 00, fol. opposit. breve pe-
tiolatis oblongo-obovatis leviter repandes, cuspidato-obtuse
acuminatis subtus albidis venis secondariis conspicue arcua-
ti nexsim, venis czeterum parum elevatis vel cymis terminali-
bus multifloris gradatum.

Pedicellis bi robustis sepalis e basi gibbo convexo,
longe acumin

Cor. lapsi. niasdiuda tubo media constricto fere uin-
ciali. Fauce aperta coronata squamis petaloideis bipartitis
cum laciniis alternant.

Filam. libera vix Oo. Anth, subsagittatz Nope g longe
in setis productes, conniventibus subtortes, filamentes in
adhering parts above the middle suddenly thickened lower 3
of outer cells empty. Inner cells of another very unequal.
Stylus robustus infra facies stigmatos annulatus supra in
conum product. Ovarium biloculare cyrthandiform placentis
revoluto involuto, i in pagina extrorsa ovuliferis.

maxime like horns, oblique Pronak me obtuse
exeisi,

EN Malacca, Ayer Punus in thickets sp. Gace.

E f ze] X: $
os - £e P ha ^ 5 pa ar "F , * fs i
, g i i i
a es EP orbe ok. ku.

Wendy coss | P

"Lx aco uo te
Ms TW

INDEX

TO

NOTULA AD PLANTAS ASIATICAS.
PART IV.

DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS.

Abies Brunoniana,
Abies Webbiana,.. `
Acanthacez 8p., +.»
Acanthus carduaceus Gr.,
. Achyranthes aquatica,
nthes aspera,
Aconitum lethale, Gr.,
Actinostemma, ..
Adamia Gen. Nov.,
Adenosma affinis,
Adhatoda vascica,
Adhatoda sp., --
Agiatilis rotundifolia,
Ægiceras fragrans,
Æginetia indica, . .
AEschynanthi sp.,
ZEsculus assamicus Gr.,
AEtheilema, ete
AEtheilema mucronata,
Agathis loranthifolia,
Agati Nias
Aglaiz sp.,
Aglaia a Pane Ge -
Aglaia Dookker G

-

T4

|

746 INDEX.

Page

Aleurites sp) os ede m . 484
Alternanthera sessilis, ees os ooo 342
Anacardium occidentalis, — ... -— e. 406
Ancistrolobus sp., A" eee .. 568
Andersonia Rhohitoca, e P c DOE
Anemone cynosurus, Gr., ... ^ 23. 200
Anesadenia Khasyana Gr., .. a! .. 534
Anisanthera, 2s = " .. 100
Anneslea fragrans, -— me os 567
Anthroisma serratis, Gr., .. as a 447
Anthroisma dentatis, Gr. E2 es << | ee
Apteuxis trinervis, x P. i. T
Aristolochiz sp., ... ese "- s.. 348
Aquilarie agullocha, - S e QUO
Artabotrys malayanus, vee ove e. 713
Artocorpi Sp. — ... b» e w^ "T
Artocarpus cuspidatus, ee e. .. 400
Artocorpus integrifolia, eee e .. 402
Asclepiadez, Gen. Nov., ey ye 2. T
Asclepias tenuissima, - " : 51
Asiphoria piperiformis, Gr., .. x .. 344
Astropetali sp., ... ove IM 411, 412
Aurantiacez, ... M n d Ta i:
Averrhoa corambola, wee Hp es 459
Avicennia intermedia, ^ oe a 108
Avicennia tomentosa, Sah ose Gr AND
Behmeria melastomodes, Gr., «dy 386
Bzobotrys indica, "ue i I1 2
Balsamiflua deltoides, "i 15 .. 382
Barringtonia cylindrostochya,. . "^ se. “GOS
Barringtonia conoidea, Gr., .. e .. 656
Barringtonia racemosa, me ove ^x. 659
Barclaya, de i" EE - 718
Bauhinie sp, .. eos -— .. 451
Begoniæ Spes . ove bs. ai ai se 583
¥ * £

Boswellie sp, ..
Boueia macrophylla, "
Bridelia alnifolia, Gr., z»

Buchanania suboborath,
Buchner sp. .-

Buddlea sp.,

Calophylli sp.,

Callicarpa lanata,. . ux
Calotropus gigantea, at
Calophyllum inophillum, — ..
Camellia (Thea) Bohea, — ..

+

| Bridelia urticoides, 2i
| Bridelia rhamnoides, Gr.,

: Brachynema ferruginea, -
E Brownlowia, +» ne
: Bruiguiera 10 angulata, Gr., ..
| Bruiguiera Rhedii, ess
| Bryonie sp, - -

INDEX.
Beh meriæ Sp.) .«
Berberis, ^ ik
Bergera bas eee
Beta,... eee T
Bideus sp., ove
Bignonia E x»
Bignonia suberosa, T
Bixa orellana, .. b
Bixineæ sp., - =
Blackwelliz sp., ... oe
Blumia sp., coe :
Boerhavia repanda, T
Bonnayz Sp., — «ss ee
Bonnaya pusila, Gr., e
Bonnaya bracteata, oe
| Bonnaya serrata,. . oe
; Bonnaya cyanea, Gr., ‘

/48 INDEX.

Camellia (Thea) Theifera, Gr.,

Camellia (Thea) oS Gr.,

Campanulz sp., ...

Canarium, és
Candelaria Bhisophon, -
Canisera zizyphifolia, Gr., ..
Capparis sp., -> -
Capparis oligandra, -
Cardiolophus decussata, eee
Cardiopteris hamulosa, °
Cardiospermum Halicacabum,
Careya herbacea, .. ese
Careya pendula, ... T
Carica papyaà, — .-. -
Carpini sp., es *«
Cassia alata, see ooo
Cassytha filiformis, js
Centranthera hispida, e
Ceratostemma nana, =
Cerodia,

Chenopodium ilecifolium, Gs -
Chiliandra obovata, Gr., "T.

Chloranthi sp., «+ s
Champereya Sp.p os =
Chionanthus terniflorus, ove
Choripetali sp., sss -
Cinnamomi sp., .. ove
Cirsii sp., vé ooo
Cissampelas sp., . . m

Cissampelos capitata, Gr., ..
Cissampelos convalvulacea, ...
Cissus spicifera, Gr., ;
Citrus scandens, .. m
Clematis inversa,... ese
Clerodendrum splendidum, ..

Clerodendron viscosum,
Clerodendri sp., ..
Clerodendrum affine,

Clerodendrum densiflorum,

Clypea sp.,
Cnestis sat Gr. T

Cnestis steriopetala, Gr.,

Cnestis flaminez, Gr.,
Cnestis platantha Gr.,
Cocculus convolvolaceus,
Cocculus nudiflorus,
Cocculus villosus,...
Codonopsis sp. -++
Codonopsis albiflor,

Combretum formosum, Gr., .

Composite, a
Congea vestita, Gr.,
Convolvulus lupulifolia,
Conyza Sp., ove
Cookiz sp., ose
Coptis teeta, — «»»
Corchorus olitorus,
Coriaria nepalensis,

Cornus, Ex
Coryzadenia,

Cotulz sp.,

Crategi sp.,

Crawfurdia faicdenbites
Crotalaria bracteata,
Crotalaria sp.,

Croton liglium,
Croton sp., A
Cruciferæ, m
Cryptocarya rubiginosa,

Cryptolepis Buchananii,

INDEX.

750 INDEX.

Page
Cucurbitaceg, .. aye sae "EE.
Cunoniacez, ; eos on .. 429
Cupressus SE R eee ds x o
Cupressus tortulosus, EM € e 05 |
Cyananthus umbrosus, Gr., .. w «s» 194 |
Cyathostemma viridiflora, ... - PEN | |
Cycas Jenkinsiana, Gr., "à es ‘ 9
Cycas pectinata, ... oon - e, |
Cycas macrocarpa, Gr., - S 11, 13 |
Cycas sp., ee is . 16 |
Cycas dilatata, Gr., — eee — |
Cycas ovula of, .. ^ eco EE Y.
Cyclocodon distans, Gr, — .. - m rp
Cycus circinalis, .. eos 2^ - 6
Cyminosma sp., .. coe — 46l |
Cynanchum inconspicuum, Gr. - on E es
anchum viridilorum, — .. ess «s uii
Cycnia spinosa, .. <i ib PEE D.
Cynoglossum racemosum, — ... «xs 21
Cynoglosisp., ... = d Los M
Cyrtandraceg, .. bis ins 1554400
Cyrthandracee sp., ec - eo 158
Cytisus Laburnum, e Se e. 437
Dalhousiea bracteata, Gr., .. - e. 445 f
Daphne sp., žo ese s e. 370
Daphne connabina, i. - oo à à
tia czrulescens, — ... x 2» 78
Decastrophia inconspicua, .. oo e» 737
Desmanthus natans, Gr., — .. ES e. 458
Desmocbzeta lappacea, T - . 339
Desmodiisp. .. 2 a e, 439
Dianthus nudiflorus Gr., — ... ais .. 466
Diaspyros sp., .. ees "Y .. 288
Diaspyros embryopteris, — ... .. 989

Dicerma pulchellum, m : ee ee 440

INDEX.
Didymocarpi sp., ss.
Digera arvensis, .. ais
Digitalis stricta, ...

Dillenia parviflora,

Dillenia sir d a
Dilema ee m
Dilivaria volubilis, "m

Diospyros argenteus, Gr., — .-.
Diplomorphia herbacea, Gr., . .
Dipteracanthus prostratus,

Dipterosperme sp., "s
Dipterocarpus grandiflorus, ++
Dischidia Brunoniana, Gr., ...

Dischidia (Leptostemma) coccinia, Gr.,

Dischidia (Leptostemma) albidum, Gr.,

Dischidia (Conchophyllum) —9À Gt.

Dischidia Raflesiana,

Dischidia obovata,. . eee
Disyphonia, Gr., .. -
Dodonea pentandra,

Dopatrium junceum, =

Dorsteniz sp., «+» eee
Drobz sp., z

Durio ibi hinis,, - is

Durio Oxleyanus, Gr., -
Ebenacez, “a Es

Echites, ms

Echites dint, si
Eclipta, Fs eee
Edgeworthia, = ee
Ehretia serrata, .. -

Elephantopus sp., ove
Elæagneæ, ove E
Elzagnus fasciculatus, e

Eleagni spp, .- ove

192 INDEX.

Page
Eleocarpe sp, ese — e T c EN
Elodea, E cue ..: 569
Embamma É cti. Gu A^ .. 694
Embamma — Gr., eo AT .. 695
Embelie sp., .. : eee .. 298
Enkleia malayana, Gr., - es .. 39068
Entada sp., sä - - .. 452
Entada arborea, Gr., hi s .. 452
Ephedra, on «0 ae
Epiprinus laras, Gr, à - DP 7
Epithinia sp. .. - oe .. 209
Erigeron, Sp, ses- eee - 4. 228
Eriodendron anfructuosum, .. os .. 533
Erycibe ferruginosa, Gra, — .. ese >. 288
Erycibe citriniflora, Gr., — .. ot .. 284
Erythrina bisetosa, e. BER .. 4l
Erythrochiton Nov. Gen, . eee .. 565
Erythroxylon Burmanicum, Gr., .. 468
Eugenia purpurea, sd x .. 654
Euphora exstipulatis, Gr., oU 547
Euryale ferox, «+ - me reas E
Eurycoma longifolia, DA 435
Eusynaxis SP ea Gr. " e: 2.7. ow
Euthodon Gen. Nov., oa ee
Euthodon paniculata, Gr., .. E A 84
Exacum, x es 2 vos DE
Excecaria, ae a i .. 485
Excecaria affinis, Pp p e. 486
Fagara triphylla,. . F ove .. 460
Fagrea obovata, ... "e T4 2 88
Ficus indica, eke a e e. 989
Ficus sideroxylifolius, Gr., ... iy .. 989
Ficus obovatus, .. d RE .. 390 |
Ficus glabrus, .. = ES «ai 890 |
Ficus elastica, oe oon ae oe 391 |

INDEX. 753

! Page
Ficus affünior, .. Pa oie: pe
^ Ficuspeepul .. eee ee -. 898
Ficus terminaloides, m i* és) ae
Ficus aurantiaceus, Gr., — vd » 394
Ficus papyrifera, Gr., = io eee 994
Ficus pellucido punctata, Gr., eve .. 3994
Ficus intermedius, Gr., a wae We 099
Ficus mangiferifolius, Gr., ... s4 e. 395
Ficus caudata, ... "i <a eo 396
. Ficus Millingtonifolia, Gr., ... ET vee 396
Ficus longipes, Gr., i is oe oe 997
Ficus sclerocarpa, Gr., coe ot -+ 897
Ficus oppositifolia, Gr., + i .. 398
Ficus bistipulata, Gr., ^ «+ ~ e. 398
Ficus rubifolia, Gr., AE. ie xe. 800
Ficus apocyneoides, Gr., o e ia
Finlaysonia obovata, - a sco ee
Fissistigma scandens, Gr., «se Vs (s FS
Flacourtia edulis,... s ecc 4.0 SIS
Fluggea leucopyrus, . vee -- 473
Fumaria affinis, os. os ow i: fae
Galii sp, i. a ves 257
Galium Macc ctae: o ss n coc IN
Garcinia, e. ose «e. 609
Gardenia arial. a - esc USE
Gaultheriw sp., «+ -: eve . 3900
Gaylussacia serrata, Gr, — .. fe .. 300°
Gendarussz Sp., ++ T eos .. 142
Gentiane sp., > . .. e 086
Glycosmis quinquifolia, ove e .. 495
Gmelinz sp., è - - S 179
Gmelina arborea, . oe z . 179
Gnaphalii sp., sse e. e . 287
Gneti sp., - e . + 3l
Gnetum, - i ove ove .. 28

v4

754

Gnetum scandens,
Gnetum apiculatum, Gr.,
Gnetum Drunonianum,
Gonania leptostachya,

INDEX.

Goniocarpus rubricaulis, Gr.,..

Gordoniz Sp., es
Gordoniz floribunda,
Gratiole serrata, ..
Hamamelis, rs
Hartighsea ramiflora,
Hedyotis sp., — ««
Heliciz sp., see
Hemiadelphis polysperma,
Hemigymnia, es.
Henslovia pubescens,
Hensloviz, x
Herpestes, ->
Herpestes pygmea,
Herpestes pulcherima,
Heritiera littoralis, Gr.,
Hernandia ovigera,
Heteropyxis, e»
Hibisci sp., Mie
Hibiscus vestitus,. .

Hibiscus heterophyllus Gr., ..

Hibiscus abel mosehus,

Hibiscus hispidissimis, Gr., .

Hibiscus sanguineus, Gr.,
Hippocratea angulata Gr.,

Hippocratea pentandra,

Hippocratea serrata Gr.,
Hipyocastaneæ sp.,...

Hirzz, po
| pea Nov. Gen.,

INDEX. 795

Page
Hoya volubilis, .. A eee ire
Hoya velutina, .. see os je oh)
Hoyz sp., edo - P 38, 40
Hyalostemma, +» oes ove x MB
Hydrangez, vee e. <. 429
Hygrophila Sharks, eee ene cut oM
Hymenia courbaril, Ae E eee 449
Hymenia verrucosa, £5 c ABE
Hyoscyamus squarrosus, ar pe si ET T
Hyoscyamus angulatus, Gr, see ie hac oi
Hypecouisp, -+ HS ses 2098
Hyperanthera Dies fw d von 072
Hyperici sp., z ve ies * EG
Impatiens ud dS. rs. HA ec A30
Impatiens malayensis Gr., — -. ap oe S67
Indigoferz Sp., «+. + ere ou: 448
Ingz sp., oa 4 T ce ae
Tpomea nóctiflora, BE E» ER n
Isonandra Were 2h he eee 292
Ixonanthus, gs eee .. 498
Jenkinsia assamica, = E CO =. 970
Juniperis recurva, - RS 200588
.Juniperis excelsa, on x: Re
Justicia nasuta,... eh ms vis eh
Justicic sp., s.. sss ape MS
Jussieuia adis. E s adi A
Jussieuia longipes, Gr., a ES eo 689
Kohautim sp. «+» ce Es .. 1400
Kydia paar Gr., viru - .. 534
Labiatæ, eee E «es .197
Lactuca bialata, Gr. o e. js vv cee
Lactucæ sp., e^ ds .. 249
Lagerstroemia flofibunds, ove eee 2| MO
Lagerstroemia parviflora, e» oe 2 910

Lamii sp., one ane > >, .. MUI

190 INDEX.

Page
Laurus persea, .. T - 475854
Lawsonia inermis, x3 3 .. 509
Lecananthus,... .. d its 2220073
Leea gigantia, Gr., = - ove) 697
Leea simplicifolia, ss x eve 697
Leea sambucina, yt we .. 698
Leontice secunda, Gr., eS bis PL
Lepidagathis sp., .- ese oe es 407
Leptonium oblongifolium, .. we e. 368
Ligustrum punctatum, A e .. 741
Limnophylla heterophylla, .. = s OZ
Limnophylla cana, x 7. L2 00098
Limnophylle sp., E eee 2. 099
Limnophylla sessiliflora, : i es 96
Limocella diandra, F d eo ae
Limonia sp, .. ie 5 ess ^ 404
Linostoma decandra, x. sie 7972
Lobelia, T ag ai .. ^81
Lonicere sp, + iuc n ses BOF
Lophophyllum bicristata, ee ote we 918
Loranthacee, . .. on «n 613
Loranthus concavifolluum, — .. ese oe 615

Loranthus farinosus, E oe en S16

Loranthus pentapetalis, M" ve 7 617
Loranthus coccineus, ks eo .. 620
‘Loranthus obovatus, Gr, .. k s 0d
Loranthus leucosiphon, Gr., ... dee .. 623
Loranthus involucratus, un so .. 632
Luffa acutangula,.. "S d i.c DUE
Luffa fætida, 2 BUE ee i. DUE
pem pentandra, um m y 084
Lycimachee sp., .. = .. 299
Lycium armatum, Gr., E Js sri ps
Lycium canescens, Gr., = d von 95

Mangifera Cia... A .- ore 615

INDEX.

Mangifera lagenifera, Gr, ess
Mangifera polycarpa, Gr, ov

Mangifera odorata. Gr., -
Mangifera foetida, Gr., ese
J Mangifera longipes, Gr., ove
Marlea uniloculares, ite
Marsdeniz Sp., -- js
Marsdenia tinctoria,
Martynia diandra, -
Megalotropis buteiformis, — .«
Melanorrhea sp.;**« E
Melastoma glauca, v.
Melastoma Gen. Nov., at
Melia excelsa, -- oes
Melia azadaracta, Es
Melia sp., Ts ese
Meliloti sp., E v.

Memycylon cordatum, Gr., ++
Menispermum triandrum, — ++

Menispermaceze, Sen
Mentha auricularis, :
Mephitidia, - ne
Michelia champaca, 2
Microcarpa diandra, vos

Millingtonia simplicifolia, e»
Mimulus assamecas, Gr., es»
Mitrasacme crystallina, Gr., -.
Modecopsis vaga,- . "a
Monocera trianthera, Gr., «+»
Monosoma littorata, Gre, ««

Monotrope sp., -- a
Morus acidosus, Gr., R
Myosotis anchusiformis, Gr.,.-.
Myosotis Sp, . *- m

Myriopteron — +» oe

758 INDEX.

Page

Myriophyllum tetrandrum, |... ji .. 6869
Myriophyllum indicum, Gr., is é.. 687
Nama zeylanica,... . tee .. 282
Naravelia, ene xd e s 406
Natsiatum, a 2 = AT n
Neesiz, sp., eos ose E eva
Nelsonia tomentosa, "Es nie cece
Nemodon, Gen., Nov., e» eós «o 288
Nepenthes sanguinea, Gr., ... eco xx AS
Nepenthes, pumila, Gr., ones o: oo 349
Nepenthes, sp., .. . -. 3DO
Nephelium, malaiense, G. ase ee 549
Nephrostigma, .. - bs ove JAF
Neuropeltis, intermedia, Gr.,... 622 e. 285
Neurpeltis, bracteata, - ve .. 285
Nymphza, -— si sas eco ES
Ochna crocea, .. -- oa . 463
Ochna lucida, .. Pie aes .. 464
Ochna parviflora, Gr., eo eve ... 464
Ocimii sp., z see = +- 199, 018
Olax sphærocarpa, e.s nas e. 689
Olax loranthifolia, Gr., sin one woe’ 091
Oldenlandia linoides., Gr. .., « ow 260
Ophioriza sp., ... :» a e. 264
Osbeckis sp, .. = m e 675
Osyrus nepalensis, 2 e S 376
Osyris rotundata, d SE P rd
Oxalis, ev s .. 456
Oxystelma exul. poe " . 61
Parapexis, sx - = e. 462
Parnassie sp, .. s4 » e. 428
Parnassia nana, Gr., ah es e 427
Paritium tiliaceum, eT r 4898
ue .. 465

Saeta dianthronoides ai m .
3 m ir . TN Gr., soo eee ean 367

INDEX.
Passiflore sp, >» eee
Pelticalyx argentea, Gr, — --
Pemphis acidula, . . -
Pentsteria grandiflora, Gr.,
Pentsteria Gen. Nov., xs

Pentsteria paniculata, Gr. «+
Pentsteria dichotoma, Ge., os
Pentsteria pepe ae Gt.

Periploca, : ee

Peronema vxccicéte, ove
Pergularia minor, ve

Petrophila pulchela, ove
Philoxerus ferruginea, -—
Phlogocanthus curviflorus, ++
Phyllanthi, sp, -- Y

Phyllanthi sp, -- vee
Phytocrene macrocarpa, Giy-

Phytocrene stylocarpa, ve
Phytocrene colicarpa, Ct, 5s

Phytocrene gigantea, see
Pierardia, vee wes
Pinus spinulosa, Gr., e
Pinus Griffithii, iie
Pinus excelsa, .»» s

Pinus longifolia, .-. ES

Pinus khasyanus, Gr., x

Pladera virgata,..- e
Plantago Sp. -- de

Plectranthi, sp. -- E»

Plumbago zeylanica, v

Podocarpus,

Podostemon Wallichiana, Gr; 2

Podostemon Griffithii, e.

Pogonanthera pulverulenta, ..
Polygoni, sp-, | x

760 INDEX.

Page
Polygala arillata, Gr., ore T .. 535
Polygale, sp., vee as «v 590
Pomaceze, sp., vee vee e. 454
Pongamia, sp., a ese .. 444
Pongamia glandulosa, - eee e. 443
Populus rotundifolius, Gr., .. T sc 882
Potaliz, ES E idi 2. c
Premne sp., S oes x 174, 196
Prenanthes sp. .. eee én -» 251
Primule, S. ses EM .. 299
Prinsepia utilis, .. sé -— e. 432
Psychotria, oe vs aci veo 208
Pterostigma stricta, Gr., esi ese e. 96
Punica granata, .. ove : 641
Quisqualis, a = .. 683
Randia, ia «x coe << 20
Randia exaltata, ... -— ‘a e. 262
Ranunculacez, .. we tes oa 798
Rhamne sp., -— ose pet e. 494
Rhizophora, T n ove .. 662
Rhizophora decandra, = ad ag: t DNE
Rhizophora parciflora, ds = 664
Rhizophora pauciflora, A x . 664
Rhizophora stylosa, Gr., "m ose .. 665
Rhododendron deflexum, Gr., i4 e. 303
Rhododendron oblongum, Gr., P .. 303
Rhodamia cinerea, = =: ‘s 653
Ropalopetalum, ... ex eve e 716
Ropalopetalum uniflorum, ... E ke ME
Rottlerz sp., E e A ee
Rosa heterostyla, Gr., a d» . 454
Roydsia suaveolens, E ji 578
Rungia parviflora, _ = x . 144
Sabie SP., . se one ess 423

INDEX. 761

Page
Salacize sp., se ove e es 4/1
Salacia tortuosa, Gr., eee LT e 471
Salomonia parasitica, Gr., s». ^ e. D38
Salomonie Sp. «++ ose - oo 538
Salsola, eee - e. OS
Salvia Sloctssithioididós aa zs wa ae
Sambucus Sp., «+. eee bas .. Se
Santalum myrtifolium, PS E 2 87D
Sapindus rubiginosus, d S .. 5648
Sapindacez Sp., «+ RE ves MU IE
Sapotece Sp.» "P oo “SBI
Sarcodiscus biora as » ae .. 380
Sarcolobi sp. -.. 2 ae faa
Sarcolobus carinatus, is SS a OS
Sarcopyramis grandiflora, .. owe He OR
Saxifraga adoxoidea, Gr., ... "t o ADS
Saussuree Sp., -.. ese "m 2. 2B
Sczevola taccada,. . s cx PR
Schizonephos glaucescens. Ge. a $e cha: ME
Scheepfia sp, — .. - e 639
Scleromphali sp.,. . v ou e. 8
Serophularinez sp., pas is c. 5 ND
Sedum sp., 2 o F
Septospartion enda, ür » f 2. OLE
Sesamum orientalia, de o NN
Sidz sp., xs ‘ies ds ae
Sideroxylum aioe, MS $i» sic UO
Slackiz sp., T os zs M s
Solanum trilobatum, PRIN e ME
Sonerila bullata. . . — — e 070
Sonerila picta, ... we - -. 676
Sonerilasp., .. ove a 676, 677
Sonneratia apetala, ee S. 650
Sonneratia acida, ... 25 ee 652
Sonneratia alba, ... eve oe .. 652

762 INDEX.

Spzranthus, ne

Spermacoce Sp., «se
Sphærostemma Blumiana,
Sphenodesma pentandra, Gr.,
Sphenoclez sp., ...
Sphenodesma triflora, Gr., ...
Spirostemon spiralis Gr, — ...
Statice sp., e -
Stapelia,

Stauntonia Stic
Stauntonia trifoliata, Gr.,
Staurothyrax Gen. Nov., — ...
Stemodiz sp., .. eee
Streptocaulon sp.,
Strophanthus pentaphyllus, Gr. is
Strophanthus scandens, ott

Strychnos nux vomica, oes
Strychnos laurina, Ms
Stylidium Brononis, Gr., :
Stylocoryna, bispinosa,

Styrax grandiflora, seo

-Styrax floribunda,
Sunaptea odorata, Gr.,

Syndesmis coarctatus, m
Syndesmis sp. ~. ow.
Tamarix dioica, .. oun
Tauscheriz sp.,

us, xi =
Tusah. s

Terminalia fzetidissima, 6. ror
Terminalia lancifolia, Gr., ..

Tetranthere, — .. we
Thibaudia auriculata, Gr., — ...
Thibaudia retusa, Gr., -

Thibaudia camelifolia, Gr.,

Page

. 226
272
714

181

. 276
-— 392
2 80
». 208
—À—
394

—
wwe 476
99

71

oe 49
e. 743
"EE.
275

. 260
287

qe SBF
516
on» 409
— 410
465

.. 580
551, 556
e. 685
at 689
eee 90D
300

.. 901

INDEX.

Thibaudia gaultherifolia, Gr.,
Thibaudia myrtifolia, Gr.,
Thibaudia revoluta, Gr.,

Thuja occidentalis, T
Thottea grandiflora, ix
Thunbergia grandiflora,
Tittmanniz Sp., ..

Torenia asiatica, .

Torenia calcarata, Gr., m
Torenia varians, .- -
Toxocarpus Roxburghii, oes

ring - oe
Tragi iv
iess cordata ie. "1
Treisteria Gen. Nov., -—

Treisteria assamica, Gr..
Treisteria lanceolata, Gr.,
Trembleya Rhynanthera,
Triceros, m
Trichodia — (€ Gis o
Trichosanthes sp., E
Tristania, ed:

Tristania affinis, .- 3
Triumpheta octandra, Gr, © st
Tylophorz sp-,

Tryzygium,

Urena lobata,

Urtica naucleiflora, es
Utricularia albiflora, Gr., — .-.

Utricularia lilacina, ost
Uvaria mabiformis. Gr., Paa
Uvaria sp., eee
Uvaria Eioroclitéi sv
Uvaria odorata, .. E

Vaccinii sp.,

764 INDEX.

Valeriane sp., ..
Valeriana violifolia, Gr.,
Vallaris assameusis, Gr.,
Vallaris dichotoma,
Vandellia pedunculata,
Vandellia scabra,
Vatica trigyna, ..
Ventilago sp.,
Verbenacee sp., ..

. Villarsia cristata,
Viscum monoicum,
Viscum aphyllum,
Vitex gamosepala,
Vitex elegans, | ..,
itis, 2. iac
Wendlandia secunda, BE én
Willughbeia javanica,
Wormia suffruticosa,
Wrightie sp., ..
Wulfenia obliqua,
. Xanthium indicum, "A
_ Xanthophyllum eglandulosum, Gr.,
Ximenia subscandens, Gr.,
Zanonia clavigera, `
onia,

Zizyphus jujuba, ...

eee
eee
oe

FINIS,