nin NEAR THE THIRTY-FIFTH PARALLEL, “ExrLonn BY LIEUTENANT A Wz WHIPPLE, TOPO-

— GRAPHICAL, ENGINEERS,

ca

2.

a

INTRODUCTION.

The greater part of the botanical collections made by Dr. J. M. Bigelow, in the Pacific
Railroad Survey, under the charge of Captain Whipple, were submitted to me for examination,
in accordance with the instructions of the War Department. The plants that were collected
before reaching Fort Smith, on the western borders of Arkansas, are of comparatively little
interest, and are not included in the following list. The surveying party, in proceeding from
Fort Smith to Albuquerque, travelled near the Canadian river, through the Indian territory
and northern Texas ; thence through northeastern New Mexico to the Rio Grande. This river
was crossed on the 10th of November, at which time the flowering season of most plants had
passed ; and the explorations continued through western New Mexico, chiefly between the
parallels of 35° and 36°, to the Great Colorado, which was reached on the 28th of February.
The most interesting region of this part of the route is the valley of Williams’ river, (com-
monly called Bill Williams’ Fork,) a tributary of the Colorado. Some of the most remarkable
plants of the collection were found here, and it is a matter of regret that a country so rich and
peculiar in its Flora (and I am informed by Professor Baird that its Fauna is equally remark-
able) was not visited at a more favorable season. From the Colorado the route was across the
California desert to the Cajon Pass, in the southern part of the Sierra Nevada ; thence through
Coco Mungo and Los Angeles to San Pedro, on the Pacific coast. Here the surveys of Captain
Whipple terminated ; but Dr. Bigelow remained in California until near the first of June, and
improved the time in exploring considerable portions of the valleys of the Sacramento and San
Joaquin, as well as numerous tributaries of those rivers. His ample collections were brought
home in perfect order, and the following report affords abundant proof of the zeal and success
with which he labored. A number of new genera, and more than sixty new species, have been
discovered by Dr. Bigelow, and he has added much valuable information upon many heretofore
imperfectly known plants. .

The observations of Dr. Bigelow upon the geographical botany of the regions explored are
Entoresting. and are embodied by him in a separate eee, 4 as ers are his notes upon the more —
antetisting forest trees of the country.

~The Cactacez collected in the Expedition have been elabotiated conjoint by Dr. Engelmann
and Dr. Bigelow, and are described by them in a separate portion of Captain Whipple’s report.
The Composite and Scrophulariaceze were described by my friend Dr. Gray, to whom I am
indebted also for much valuable aid in drawing up this catalogue, as will be seen by the fre- |
quent quotation of his manuscript names in the following pages. The drawings were, with few
exceptions, executed by Sprague and Riocreux, two of the most skilful botanical artists now
living. All the engraving has been done upon stone by Prestele, who excels in this branch of
the art.

2 JOHN TORREY.
Naw York, January 12, 1857,

ERRATA AND ALTERATIONS.

Owing to the distance of the author from the press, and the rapidity with which the work was printed, the revised sheets
could not be examined, so that many typographical errors have been left uncorrected. The more important of these are
noticed in the following list, but some others have doubtless been overlooked. The mistakes of punctuation are numerous,
but they do not materially affect the sense, and they have not been included in the errata.

Page 62, last line, ‘‘ Delphinium coccineum,’”’ Zorr. is onde re Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4857.
65, lines 12, 15, and 23, for ‘‘Srrepanraus’’ read ‘
68, last line, in some copies the C in Canotia has ciel ink
72, lines 1, 4, 9, and 12, = ‘*Srentarra’’ read ‘* Srmmarcea,’’
72, line 20, for ‘‘ Srernanta’’ read ‘‘ Spumraucea.”’
74, last line but one, for ‘‘ sorepracus”’ pion ‘+ ae ig
4, line 5, for ‘‘subdecum.’”’ read ‘‘ subdecim
79, line 27, for ** folioformibus ’’ alte ciaomens és
81, line 12, from bottom, for ‘ eae ” read ‘* MACROCARPUS.’’
86, — from bottom, for ‘‘ dibiloba’’ read ‘ GZ. biloba.”
90, line 27, for ‘‘ subequilongo ’’ petir ‘subequilongi;’’ and line 29, for ‘“ calysis’” read ** calycis.”*
91, line 21, for ** mer ”* read ‘ tubere.’’
92, line 7, from bottom, for ‘‘disagrees’’ read ‘¢ differs.’’
97, line 9, after ‘ seme add ‘* Tab. X.”
99, line 4, from bottom, for ‘‘ APHANTOCHET, a Nov. Gen.” read ‘‘ APHANTOCH ATA, Nov. Gen.”
103, line 13, = st tiplneivs _ ‘“ triplinervis.’”

105, line 16, ‘trise’’ read ‘
- line 15, om ‘« bellidoides ”’ ted ‘¢ bellioides.’*
108, last line, for ‘‘ puzun@ronta’’ read ‘‘ tuzunmrotra.’’

112, line 30, te ‘« Siryprum ’’ read Peete: ’’ and line 37, for ‘‘calais’’ read ‘‘ Calais.’’

113, line 23, for ‘‘ scarpsra’’ read ‘*' sca

114, lines 11 and 25, for ‘‘ arwns’’ read “aw 5” and line 17, for “‘ decidius’’ read ‘‘ deciduis.”’

115, line 32, for “hore a ‘« serrulate.’

116, line 11, for ‘‘ Dismicopon’’ read ‘* Dysmicopen ;’’ last line but one, for “ Comarosathtphylis’’ read ‘‘ Coma-
rostaphylis ;” wots “ eines oii *¢ Arctostaphylus

119, line 35, fer ‘‘ shrubb ‘sh

120, line 8, for ‘* pianicle ’’ nas ws aia e€.

126, at the end of line 15 add *' A. Gray, MS.;"" and line 33, for ‘‘corollam’’ read ‘ corolla.’”

127, line 8, for ‘‘ Catirornica’’ read srr gar and line 13, for ‘‘petiolem’’ read ‘ petiolum.”

130, line 15, after ‘* oils pifolium ’’ add ‘‘ var. Americanune.”’

131, line 27, the ‘‘ dwarf variety ’’ here witiiasies is A. fragrans, Mult., a good

133, lines 1 and - for ‘* perigoni _ read ‘ perigonii fauce ;’’ ite te 7, for sesatiaiaei™ read ‘* fulcratis,”’

136, line 4, after ‘‘than’’ add ‘in.

139, line 33. ea ‘*pencillatum ’’ read ‘ penicellatum.’’

142, last aie but one, for ‘‘ petals’’ read ‘‘petalis,’’ and for “ reacts ae et * read “ adscendentibus.””

144, line 7, for ‘‘statutes’’ read “ sometimes ;’’ and line e 39, erase *‘ very.

145, line 14, for ‘* —— ” read ‘‘ hermaphroditi;” line 21, for ‘ight o”’ read ‘* spithammo;’’ line
26, after ‘Mr. Samuels’’ add “from which the floral characters are derived ;”’ line 42, for “loculicidal ”
read ‘‘parietal.”’

146, line 18, for ‘‘ pedicellos recurves’’ read ‘ pedicellis recurvis.””

148, line 27, for ‘‘ humilis’’ read ‘* humile;’’ and line 43, for « flexous’’ read “ flexuous.”

rus

i: ERRATA.

Page 149, last oe mm, "aa ” read ‘ arpogew

150, line 14, read ‘‘ rimis.’ .
151, line 20, erase pete et ’”? and line 39, for ‘‘ contractes’’ read ‘‘ contractis.’’
153, line 8, for ‘‘infimo’’ read ‘‘infima;’’ and line 9, for ‘‘acuminato’’ read ‘‘ acuminata.”

155, line 6, ae: * rane subzequales mee a -valibila oO pilosis ;’’ line 43, for ‘ fasciculatea ”’
a cularis ;’’ and line 45, for ‘“ ae read ‘‘ 228
156, fs 12, hae ‘* appressed ’’ insert ‘‘ branches.
157, line 10, for ‘‘ clpodioides’’ read ‘éolpodioies” line 24, for ‘‘debile’’ read ‘‘ debili;’’ and line 46, for
ot” Yea 6.7;

158, line 7, for ‘‘ Spwcule 2-6 flor.” read ‘‘ Spicule 2-6-flore ;’’ line 10, for ‘‘ baribatis’’ read ‘‘ barbatis,’’ and
for ‘*‘ plerumpue’”’ read ‘‘ plerumque;’’ line 12, after ‘‘sapius’’ add ‘‘ vaginis,’’ and for “ suffulte’’ read
‘*suffulta;’’ line 30, for ‘‘ Major Monro’’ read ‘‘ Colonel Monro, of the 39th regiment, British army.’’

159, line 33, for ‘‘ occrpenTaLL’’ read ‘‘ occIDENTALE.”’

160, line 15, after ‘‘ Preris’’ add eet var.;’’ line 28, for ‘* Noroontana’’ read ‘‘ Nornocuzna ;’’ line 45,
for ‘* Aspprum’’ read ‘' Asprp

ADDITIONAL NOTES AND CORRECTIONS.

BY J. M. BIGELOW, M. D.

1. The general botanical sketch and that of the forest trees of Captain Whipple's survey were written immediately after
ome return from California, and before any elaboration, or even a cursory examination, of the botanical collections had been
Soon after our return, the collections, with the exception of the Cactacex, were placed in the hands of my excellent

Shind Deets r Torrey, of New York. The Cactacex were not examined until the spring of 1855, illness and the obstructions
to travel preventing my visiting St. Louis during the winter; a my report was made and printed before the
memoir on Cactacee was prepared, a fact which will account for many discrepancies between the two. These notes are
appended for the purpose of making the necessary corrections. the ough my name is associated with that of my highly
esteemed friend Doctor Englemann, in the elaboration of the collections in Cactacez, justice requires that I should state
that the diagnoses of all the new species are to be accredited to him
2. ‘‘ First appearance of atom ie
A ERIOPODA, BouTELOUA cuya, AND Bouretova nimsvta, under the general term of “‘ grama ~ se abound
n the plains from about the Peston to shat the 113th degrees of agile. M, Torr

Bourerova (CHoNDROSIUM) F ey
aera by Major Emory, on the uplands bordering the valley of the Rio Grande, closely allied, if not my with One
of our species, is well figured, (Pl. XII,) by Dr. Torrey, in Major ask report. In lower Texas, the common name of
these plants is ‘‘ mezquite grass.’’ They all indicate a dry climate
3. ‘* Mirabilis,’ page ~ is probably QuAMOCLIDION OXYBAPHOIDES, a4
4. ‘* Evening primrose e 2, is Nutt.
5. ‘Opuntia macrorhiza,’’ page 2, is Opunrra Rarinesquit var. Fusirormis, Engl. Various fibrous and tuberous rooted
is species occur from Fort inti and still further east, to the mountains of Zuili, 150 miles west of the Rio

.

6. ‘*Cereus cespitosus,’’ pages 2 and 32. As an instance of the difficulties Tien the study of this interesting
family of plants, I will here quote from a letter beet received from my friend A
was associated with me on the Boundary Commissi Under date of July 31, ae he writes: ‘‘Since I sent you the
letter press copy, (Cactacew of the Boundary, by De Sivireaets) I have made a new discovery, which separates a cated
Cereus from Cereus cespitosus. It is on a living specimen which I brought on my last trip, from near Escondida gs
(El Paso road,) and which, eae produced from ten flower buds six perfect blossoms, so decidedly different te
those of C. cespitosus that I gave a minute account of it to Dr. Engelmann. Amon ng the collections of your living
specimens in Wathington, tied re are two or three individuals very similar, if not identical, with my new one, but also
different in habits from the white-spined true C. cxspitosus, so that I hope we soon will be able to corroborate the fact by
the study of more individuals. C. ceespitosus has short farinaceous white spines, of a lax nature, whilst the spines of the
new one are rigid, horny, yellowish translucent, adscendent, and recurved; the lower ones
the petals, whence I have given it the name Cereus concotor. . cespitosus flowered for me almost at the same ti
so that I a a aa opportunity to make close observations. In (. cxspitosus, the flower buds are clothed with a dense
greyish woo d bear a beautiful purple showy blossom, 2 in diameter and 2” in len ngth. In €. concolor, oe flower
ene nies naked, small campanulate blossoms, with yellowish sanguineous petals, a te: like the spines

in diameter and 0.8” in length.”’ In the the spines, this plant very nearly approaches C. pec us, Engl., but in sea
ae some other characters, it differs very widely. In the size of the flower, arrangement pa ce of the spines, it more
aearly approaches C. viridiflorus, between which and C. chloranthus more observations will be required to pairs that it

NOTES AND CORRECTIONS. ‘ili

does not form a connecting link.’’ It is often assumed, and with apparent plausibility, that these plants are more easily
studied in the field than in the herbarium; but the experience of our collectors, and the history of this little plant of Mr.
Schott, proves — these difficulties are inherent in the subject, which requires close discrimination, with patient and
laborious investigati
The plant above pron was collected at Escondido springs, on the El Paso road, near the Pecos, a locality often
previous ad visitel by every one of the botanists of the boundary commission, with the gn perhaps, of Mr. Thurber,
who crossed the Pecos somewhat higher up, on his trip to El aoa in the fall of 1850. Mr. Schott, himself, passed it several
times petal Mr. Wright passed it four several times, and Dr. Parry, an acute and discriminating collector of Cactacee,
certainly passed it once. We all failed to detect it, while passing ‘ie locality, at two different seasons of the year. In
boundary publication of Cactacea are six or seven pretty distinct species, besides the one under consideration, that in
general habit and arrangement of spines would be taken as mere varieties, were it not for the beautiful permanent dis-
tinctions presented by the flower and fruit, whi on are difficult to secure on wets surveys and government expeditions.
‘*The Cactacexw have not heretofore etn well studied in the United States,’’ page 2. owever well this observation
might apply at the time my memoir was written, the patient labor and enlightened researches of Dr. Engelmann since
uite

that pe on the collections of the boundary commission, as well as Pacific railroad surveys and explorations, show qui
a state of things now ; so that this will ccmpare favorably with any other department of
8. schon weap tide: " page 4, is probably Dasyiirion Texanvm, although, as Dr. Torrey thinks, it may be
undescribed . Professor Lindley places this — in the pine apple family. It appears to me site more nearly

species
allied to tho low-caudexed form of palms.
.9. ‘Opuntia Engelmanni,’’ pages 4, 16, 37, and 38. At Delaware Mount, long. 97°, I first found this plant ; an
Opuntia Sarees which Dr. Engelmann, in aie undary Cactacex, has in ndicated as only a sub-species, is 9000 tt
co.

has a range of over 20° east < west. Sout iii tt extends to the Gulf of Mex
10. “ Thym mona min mca page 4, is oad HYMENATHERUM ACEROsUM, Gray
11. ‘‘Pinus brachyp ”” pages 4, 8, 9, 14, 26, 134, and 141, is Prnus Encermannt, Torrey.

12. {‘ Balsam Fir,’’ sna 6, 18, 23, and aa ae Torrey says he names this Apres Batsamga on my authority. I suc-
ceeded in getting broken cones at Sandia mountain, which answered to the description of A. Barsamma very well. A
critizal examination of it was not m
13. ‘‘ Three kinds of Cedar,’’ pages 4 9, 15, 20, 141, and 142. They are Juniperus TEeTRAGONA, ee 5 JUNIPERUS
occipENTALis, Hook., and JuNIPERUS PACHYPHLEZA, Torrey, new species. JUNIPERUS VIRGINIANA was also met wi
14. ‘* New species oe Opuntia,’’ pages 7 and 41 , is OPUNTIA BRACHYARTHRA, Z. & B., new species.
15. Pes arborescent Opuntia,’’ called also ‘‘our new Cactodendron,’’ pages 7 and 11, is Opuntia Wuurrrtet, EF. & B.,
new species.
Bie Baily ngsregnted Cereus,’’ pages 7 and 10, is Cerevs Mosavensis, var. Zunrensis, FE. & B., new species.
17. ‘‘Large oval masses,’’ pages 7—10, for the manner of growth of many Cerei is not a proper term. When the stems
t heads are from 100 to 200, 25 are hemispherical or sub-hemispherical in form. When the masses are larger, they are
ae on the t
8. ‘*Cereus atin pages 7 and 12, is Cereus Enceitmannt, Parry, var. variecatus, Ek & B.
19. Santee pinnata,’’ page 7, and ‘ Blue-berried barbery,’’ page 10, is BerBERIs TRIFOBIATA, Morieand.
4c t Ho ope, 77

20. 8, is a peak of the Aztec mountains of our line. e
21. ‘satis oh Umbelliferous family,’’ page 8, is Crmoprerus MonTaNA, Vutt
22. age lamentose-leayed Yucca,’’ page 9, was not determined by —_ Torrey, for the want of more perfect

‘Sg geen iias ” page 9. .If this is different from the one oe on Pinus Engelmanni, Dr. money has failed to
ate it in his account of the Lotaiiths of the collections

24, ‘‘Fraxinus velutinus,’’ page 10, is omar PISTACLEFOLIA, evi
25. ‘‘Small order of Garryacex,’’ page 10. It appears we have three or four species of this genus in the west.
26.24 a shrubby Spirea,’’ page 10, is a new species, Sprr#a Mirterotium, Torrey.
27. ‘‘Madrona,”’ page 10, is Arp — oom Pursh.
ae. * hetiiatl, very common,”’ 11, is Mamr“tarta vivipaRA, Zaw., var. Neo-Mexicana, Engi.
29. ‘Opuntia, never before seen on our route,’’ and ‘0. Tidballii,’’ page 11, is Opuntia cutororica, FH. & B., new

species.
8 ‘Opuntia, similar to O. Engelmanni,”’ page 11, is Opuntia procumpens, B. & B., new species.

31. ‘‘Green-barked acacia,’’ page 11, is Cencip1um FrLorrpum, Benth.

‘‘Two other leguminous trees,’’ page 11, one, as seated is Otneya Trsota, Gray, the other is PARKINSONIA MICRO-

PHYLLA, y.
33. ‘‘ Echinocactus a Engl.,’’ pages 12—14, is Ecutnocacrus Leconret, Engl. The same mistake soneeeed by
Drs. Parry and Le Cont

34. ‘* Globose Mani page 12, is Mamrttaria Granamt, Engl., and a little further westward, in the Colorado
valley, Mamintarra pr€ztosrerma was found. These, with two others, M. Wricurm and M. Ici, are so nearly alike
in shape and arrangement of spines as to be easily — if not examined in flower and fruit, in which state they
preserve beautifully distinct and permanent characters.

iv NOTES AND CORRECTIONS.

35. ‘* A new arborescent Opuntia,’’ page 12, is OpunTIA NS E. & B., anew —

36. ‘‘A beautiful spineless Opuntia,’’ page 12, is OpuntiA Bastuaris, FE. & B., new specie

37. ‘* Skeletons of reticulated wood of Cereus giganteus,’’ pages 12 and 37.—See Sealine plate of Cactaces of United
States boundary.

38. ‘*Opuntia, with very fragile joints, and armed with spines worse than a porcupine,’’ page 13, is Opuntia BiGELovit,

‘*Stanley’s landscape plate, in Major Emory’s report,’’ page 13. The arborescent Opuntia there represented is
pot intended for OpuNTIA FULGIDA
‘*Tree Yucca,’’ page 14, is Fain Tiaceana. Tinn., var. ARBORESCENS.
™ sel _ or Cerasus,’’ page 14, is Cerasus wmnurirtora, Englm.

‘* Bignoni s shrub,’’ page 14, is probably Curzorsis
a, Biers He pc nonei #4 tg 14, is OpuntiA ParrRyI, Dube: Tee are very closely allied.
44. ‘Opuntia fragilis,” e 14, is Opuntia ERtnacea, LE & B., a new, but closely allied species.

45. ‘ Opuntia pheaca: acon page 14, is v fat BE. & B.

46. ‘‘ Aggregate a page 14, is cei Mosavensis, 2. & B., a new species.

47. ‘* New species of the same genus, (Echinocactus,) seanck in large globose or ovate heads,’’ page 14, is Ecu1no-
CACTUS be idle gaan FE. & B., new ies,

48. ‘* Several — of eg ae page 15, are Ceayoruvs crassirotius, Zorrey, and Ceanoruus pivaricatus, Nutt.

49. *“Yueca,”’ 5. Dr. Torrey thinks this is Yucca aloifolia, but it is quite a different plan

50. Pesta eerren oak,’’ page 15, is Quercus crassirocuLa, Torrey. I collected the acorns eae this tree, but Dr.
Torrey must have failed t

51. ‘‘ Echinocactus, wt before seen,”’ page 15, is Eourocacrus POLYANCISTRUS, E. & B., a new species.

52. ‘* Mamillaria atrancistra,’’ page 15, is Maminnarra — Englm

53. ‘* Platanus Mexicanus,’’ page 16, is PLATANUS RACEMOSA

54. ‘‘ Alnus,’’ page 16, is, probably, Atnus viripis, DC., fii the specimens were not perfect enough to remove all
doubt.
55. ‘‘ Two other species of oaks,’’ page 16, were not determined by Dr. Torrey.
56. ‘* Leguminous ins) such as Medicago,’’ page 16, are Metitorvs parvirtora, Desf., and Mepicaco DENTICULATA,

57. ‘‘ Trifolium,” page 16, is TriroLium POgATEM, Lindl.
tA Pik
. Cocomungo,”’ pages 16, 58, 63, 64, 68, 16, 75, 77,79, 80, 83, 85, 91, 99, 104, 107, 110, 111, 118, 121, 124, 126, 127, 149,
152, and 153, and “ Quiqnal Gango,’’ page 38, should be Quiqual Mungo
60. ‘‘ Opuntia, nearly akin to O. Engelmanni,’”’ page 16. This SB occrpenTALis, HL. & B., a new species in our

memoir, but, in the Cactacex of the boundary, Dr. Engelm: ann considers it only as a variety or es.
pen ‘* Other ak es a trees, of the size of mezquite,” page 21, are Ouxzya TESOTA, doac and PARKINSONIA MICRO.
PHYLLA, Tbrrey.—See note 31.

‘* Quercus,’’ zm 21, see nate 50; also, Dr. we s hae Cupulifere, page 137 of present volume.
. ‘Taxus Canadensis,’’ pages 23—25, is TAXUS BRE , Nutt.
64. ‘ Potentilla paradosta,’’ page m4 is ForeNTILLA sehnebinn
65. ‘‘ Lithodendrow creek,’’ page 28, is LirnopEenpR RON CREEK.
66. ‘‘Echinocerei of low growth,’”’ page 36. The only exception in American plants ne this section is Cereus tuberosus,
a which is a very pi hc aa — two feet or more high.—See remarks, page
67. ‘Cereus Thurberi,”’ , more probably, Cerxvs Scnorri, m
68. (‘‘Organos del Lunal ae me 7 should be Organos pet Tunan.
69. ‘Corte Madera,’’ pages 62, 70, 71, ie 73, 74, 76, 78,79, 80, 81, 85, 86, 92, 99, 109, 113, 117, 119, 121, sanrenctdoniee
142, se 153, 258; and 157, and, wherever & Mapera.
70. re creek,’’ pages 67, 73, 80, aw 104, 122, 124, 133,143, 147, and, wherever else it occurs, should be * stb
believe, pronounce the name Amgcheles and Colonel Frémont sometimes spells it Mohahve.
amul Fass mountain,” pages 72,93, 106, 108,135,145, and 150. In the United States Coast _
Survey this is called Table mountain. It is in Marin county, near Coté ogee
72. ‘*Cahon’’ and ‘‘Cobon’’ Pass, pages 75—83. This is the Cajon Pass of the Sierra Nevada.
73. ‘*Mark West’s creek,”’ pages 79, ‘- 92, 101, 113, 121, 126, 135, 138, 153, 154, 155, 156, and 157. This patie is
rth of Sonoma and Petaluma, and is a.small tributary of Russian ri
74. ‘*Sophora speciosa,’ page 82. . poe met this plant very ‘died in lower Texas, but this one, gathered at , White
Cliff creek, appeared quite different to
75. ‘*Cafion Creek,’ and Cajion ria page 99, are very near White Cliff, in the Cactus omy ss mountains
86. ‘‘ Inscription rock, on the Puerco of the inca”? page. 102, should be Ixscrrprion rock,
end Douglass,”’ page 111, is at the eastern base of the Sandia mountain, fag ag pm =
maid page 150, sind te Olina Uhhh une itis oy

NB:

G/

No. 4.

DESCRIPTION OF THE GENERAL BOTANICAL COLLECTIONS.

BY JOHN TORREY.

RANUNCULACE,

CLEMATIS sertatcatiea Nutt. in Torr, & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 9. Near San Antonita, New Mexico ;
October. In fru

(CLEMATIS ame (sp. nov.): humilis? herbacea? glabella ; foliis pinnatis vel subbipin-
- natis; foliolis 7-9 trilobis tripartitisve longiuscule petiolulatis, lobis subovatis integerrimis nunc
incisis ; pedunculis solitariis unifloris; calyce subeampanulato, sepalis anguste oblongis haud
crassis apice obtuso patentibus ; caudis caxpolloram dense plumosus. On the Sandia mountains,
New Mexico; October. Ofthis apparently new Clematis there is only a single flowering specimen
and a few mature carpels in the collection. The stem appears to be low and nearly herbaceous,
but it probably elongates and climbs by the petioles. The leaflets are only from half an inch
to an inch in length, membranaceous and inconspicuously veined ; those of the lower pinnz more
divided. Peduncle an inch or two in length, nodding in flower. Sepals scarcely over half an
inch in length, pale, membranaceous in the dried state, probably a little thickened in the living
plant, but not leathery as in C. Viorna, C. Pitcheri, etc., almost glabrous, except the densely
tomentose margin, not appendaged, but the obtuse tip spreading. Carpels silky pubescent,
becoming glabrate ; the tails over an inch long, plumose as in C. Viorna. The flowers are_
smaller than in any other North American species of this division.

TIS LASIANTHA. Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1,p.9. Hill sides, Napa valley, April 27.
Only the male plant of this showy species was collected by Dr. Bigelow. The female was not
known when the Flora of North America was published ; but it has since been found by Colonel
Frémont. The carpels have tails of about an inch and a half in length.

Tuaticrrum Fenpiert, Engelm. in Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 53; var.? potycarpum: glaberrimum ;
carpellis numerosioribus eglandulosis. Mountain ravines, New Mexico, In fruit October, &c.
Sides of rivulets, Napa valley, California, April 25, (withimmature fruit). It occurs in Coulter’s
California collection, in flower only. Leaves mostly petiolate, ternately decompound : leaflets
obovate and cuneate, incisely 3-lobed ; the lobes cut or entire. Panicle contracted, few-flowered.
Sepals ovate, rather acute. Carpels 15-25, ovate, compressed, with two prominent ribs on each
side. Stipoan linear, elongated. T. Fendleri has a more compound and spreading panicle than
our plant, and the carpels are more or less glandular.

THALIcTRUM Dioicum, Linn.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 38. Mountains near San Gabriel ;
March 23. Only the siete Powers are in the nillectioney and it is possible the plant may be
distinct from T. dioicum. That species occurs in Oregon :

ANEMONE NemoRoSA, Linn. ; var, caule gracili senate foliis utrinque emma San

Das

6 [62] ge " porany,

Geronimo Ranch; April 12. Differs from the ordinary form of A. nemorosa, in its tall stem
(which is a foot or more below the involucre), the elongated petioles, and the pretty strong

_ pubescence of the leaves. The leaflets are rhombic-ovate, incised and rather coarsely toothed,

Re

he

but the lateral ones are not two-parted in any of the specimens. Such leaflets, however, occur
now and then in the eastern A. nemorosa. Rey. Mr. Spalding found the same plant on the
Kooskooskee, in Oregon, and it exists in Geyer’s collection.

Ranuncuuvs aquatiuis, Linn. sp. p. 556. Corte Madera; in water; April 10-13. This seems
not to be the form or species which almost universally represents the section Batrachium in
North America, but what is called R. aquatilis by those European authors, who do not subdivide
the Linnean species extremely. It is a state destitute of emersed leaves.

RANUNCULUS HEDERACEUS, Linn. var. With the preceding. Nearly the R. tripartitus, D.C.,

as to the leaves, etc. ; but the receptacle of the fruit is glabrous. The petals are oblong-obovate

and twice the length of the calyx. This is the first Batrachium, bearing emersed leaves, which
we have received from any part of North America.

‘RANUNCULUS TRACHYSPERMUS, var.? LinDHEIMERI, Lingelm. in Pl. Lindh. 1, p. 3. Napa valley,
in wet places; April 26. The granulate roughened carpels principally distinguish this from R.
pusillus (to which R. oblongifolius, HW., with large bright yellow petals, numerous stamens, and
Segelato achenia, does not: properly belong), The heads of carpels incline to become oblong.

RANUNCULUS DIVARICATUS, Schrank; Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p.8. Inthe bed of the Pecos ; October.

~ -Ranuncuivs AFFINIS, 2. Br. ; Ver. 8. Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. 1, p. 13, t. 6. Near San Antonita ;
October. In fruit.

Ranoncuivs Cartrornicus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 295. RB. dissectus, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech.
p. 316. RK. delphinifolius, Dorr. & Gray, Fl. Suppl. p. 659, non H. B. & K. os Angeles ;
March 21. This is R. acris 8. Torr. & Gray = R. Deppii, Nutt. Mss. It agrees exactly with
Nuttall’s specimens. Two forms of the plant were collected by Dr. Bigelow. 1. About a span
high, manifestly pubescent, and the leaves with narrowly linear segments. 2. Tall and stout;
less pubescent ; leaves with ohm utiets segments. Fremont gathered the latter in 1846,
near San José.

Ranwncuus repens, Linn.; Torr. & Meng. Fl, l. ew San Francisco ; April 5. Resembles the

- European. In the long styles it agrees with some of the forms of this Pe eee
_ though not with the ordinary state of it, that we find in the northern States.

- Ranuncutus canus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 295. Hill sides, Duftield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada ;
May 11. A less white-hairy form; some of the radical leaves only 3-5-parted. The pant is
probably only a state of R. repens.

RaNuNcULUS HEBECARPUS, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey, p. 369. R. parviflorus, Torr. . Gray,
Fl. 1, p. 25. Along rivulets, Sonora, May 9th; and hill-sides, Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus ;
May 8. Not an uncommon species in the southern part of California, It is regarded by most of

our botanists as a variety of R. parviflorus, which, indeed, it very much resembles. This species

differs, however, it being much less hairy ; the tubes of the leaves are broader and less acute ;
the fruit is decidedly tuberculate, while in R. hebecarpus it is merely a little roughened, and the

- pubescence longer. In the latter the beak of the fruit is decidedly shorter than in the former.

Aquiteata Canapensis, Linn. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 29; var. sepalis limbo petalorum
duplo-longiorius, calcare subsequalibus. A formosa, Fisch. in DC. Prodr. 1, p. po; Torr. &
Gray, 1. Ges Plains near Oakland, California; April 5.

DELPHINIUM NUDICAULE, Torr. & Gray, FI. 71 5 pi 33; 661. Dz sarcophyllum, Hook. & Arn.
Bot. Beechey , p. 317. Hill sides, Napa valley, April 27, and near San Geronimo Ranch, Cali-
fornia, April 12. A beautiful species with large scarlet flowers. It would be a great acquisi-

tion to our gardens.

A splendid scarlet-flowered Delphinium was discovered by Dr. Parry, in 1850, on the mourt-
ains east of San Diego. It is D. coccinium, Torr. (Bot. Mexican eee Survey, with a
, -9 Car Finale tosh Gxt. nag TAGS

BOTANY. Py [63] 7

figure). It differs from D. nudicaule in the leaves, the lobes of which are deeply 3-cleft, with
linear-lanceolate acute segments.

‘a

ME:

DeEtpHInium AzurEUM, Miche. Fl. 1, p. 314: var. floribus ceruleo-albidis, Benth. Pl. Hartw. ?

~ p, 296. Plains, etc., Knight’s Hieey. Stanislaus; May 7.

_ Detpurnium pAtTens, Benth. Pl. Hartw., p. 296. Hills, Napa; and on mountains near

Uakland; April 4-25.

Darpannvm SIMPLEX, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer, 1 , p. 25; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey,
p. 317. Napa valley; April 26.

DELPHINIUM VARIEGATUM, Zorr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 32; D. decorum, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 295.
Napa valley; April 26. Flowers sometimes almost white.

Detpurium pecorum, Fisch. & Mey. Index sem. (3) Petrop., p. 33. Plains near Punta de los
Reyes; April17. Perhaps D. variegatum is not distinct from this.

DELPHINIUM scopuLorUM, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2,p.9. In theiandia mountains, New Mexico;
October. In fruit. _

ACTHA SPICATA, Linn. var. ArauTA, Nutt. in Torr, & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 35. Redwoods, Corte
Madera, and Oakland; April 4-10. Not found before south of Crore: We are of opinion
that A. rubra and A. alba are likewise only varieties of A. spicata.

Pzonta Brownu, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer.1, p. 27; Bot. Reg. 25, t. 30. Coco-
mungo, March 17; and Duffield’s ranch, Sierra Nevada, May 10. P. Californica, Nuét., i
not a distinct species.

Crossosoma CaLirornica, (Tab. I .) Nutt. Pl. Gamb. in Journ. Acad. Philad. (ser. 2) 1, p. 150.
Cafions on Williams’ River, a branch of the Colorado, western New Mexico; February 8. In the

memoir above quoted, Mr. Nuttall does not express any opinion as to the affinities of this genus,
owing to the embryo being unknown, the seeds in all his specimens being imperfect; but he
says that i it ‘may well form a Suborder Crossosomezx.”’ On the ticket of a fragment of this
plant, which he sent us, he has written: Nat. Order Pwoniacew. Unfortunately, our specimens
are only in flower, and the ripe seeds are still wanting. Although the stamens are decidedly
perigynous, and the seeds are furnished with an ample fimbrillate arillus, the plant may never-
theless belong to the tribe or Suborder Peeoniaceee. We were once inclined to refer it to tribe
Spireee of Rosacez, to which it has some resemblance in the flowers; but it is destitute of
_ stipules, and arillate seeds are not found in that order. We should place this remarkable plant
in Dilleniacez, were it not for the perigynous stamens. These are inserted in several series into
the upper part of a thin disk which, lining the tube of the calyx, projects in a somewhat
tumid ugar around the base of the pistils: as in peas

BERBERIDACE®.

VANCOUVERIA HEXANDRA, Morr. & Dec. in Ann, Se. Nat. (2 ser.) 2, p. 351; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1,
p.52. Epimedium hexandrum, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am.1, p. 31, ¢. 13. Deep ravines and shady
woods, Napa valley; April 27.

Berperis Aquirouium, Pursh, Fl. 1, p. 219, t. 4, (excl. fig. 4.) Hill-sides Downieyille, Yuba;
May 22. In the specimens om hig docality, the leaflets are mostly reduced to a single pair,
and are sometimes even solitary. The Var. REPENS was found in the Sandia mountains of New
Mexico.

BERBERIS PINNATA, Lag. Elench. 1803, p. 6; Benth. Pl. Sines: , p. 296. Mahiién, fascicu-
laris, DC. Syst. 2, p. 19, and in Deless. Ic. 2, é, 3. Mountains near Oakland; April 4. This
agrees pretty well with Delessert’s figure, but we are not confident that it is distinct from B.
aquifolium. The short petioles are pretty constant, but we can find no ae reliable characters.
‘This plant occurs also near San Francisco.

_ BeERBerIs TRIFOLIATA, Moricand, Pl. Amer.t. 69? In arroyas and cafions; ees. creek
western New Mexico ; December 4, (in fruit.) This species grows 15 feet high. The leaves

é é

~~ er

8 [64| BOTANY.

have frequently two pairs of re which are furnished with 2-4 (sometimes more) very strong
angular teeth. The fructiferous racemes are loose, and the pedicles of the dark-blue berries are
half an inch long. The same plant grows between the Rio Grande and the Gila, where it was
collected by Major Emory, and it is the B. pinnata of Sitgreave’s report. Colonel Frémont
found it on the tributaries of the Virgin river. Dr. Grege collected, near the battle-field of
Buena Vista, what seems to be the same species, except that he says the berries are reddish ;
but they may be so only when they are unripe.

Berveris Fenpueri, Gray, Fl. Fendl., p.5. Mountain arroyas and bluffs on the Pecos, New
Mexico; October. In fruit. The lower cauline leaves are spinulose-toothed, and the racemes
appear not to have been many-flowered ; otherwise the specimens accord with those of Fendler.

PAPAVERACEX.

EscuscuortaztaA Oatrrornica, Cham. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 664. Sandy plains, Cocomungo;
March 19. Common in most parts of California.

Escuscnoittz1a Dovenasu, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech., p. 320; Torr. & Piia 1, c.—Hill-sides
Knight’s ferry, Stanislaus; May 8. We find the acu siingdiin of the calyx nearly as long as
in the preceding species. The flowers, too, are smaller than in the Oregon plant.

ottz1a Dovetastr, Var. tenuifolia. EH. tenuifolia, Benth, in Trans. Hort. Soc. (ser. 2)
sie 408. With E. Douglasii, from which it differs only in its usually very short stem, long
exile fadical peduncles, and very narrow segments of the leaves; characters which are by no
means constant. What appears to be a diminutive form of this Variety. was collected on Wil-
-jiams’ River of the Great Colorado, early in February.

- Denpromscon ricipum, Benth. in Hort. Trans. (ser. 2) 1, p. 407; Hook. Ic. t. 37. Gravelly
-“hills near Oakland, California; April 5.

CALIFORNICA, Torr. & Frém. in Frém. 2d Rep. Mokelumne hill, California; May
17. Also found on the American river by Mr. Rich, and near San rianstiion by Mr. Thurbér.
We have also specimens collected in California by Mr. Gibbes. It differs from M. Oregana in
having 11 or 12 stamens, and in its much larger flowers.

- Prarysriama trveare, Benth, in Hort. Trans. (2 ser.) 1, p, 407; Hook. Ic. t. 38; Torr. &

“Gr, Pi. me , p. 65. ‘Low places near San Francisco; April 8. A much rarer plant than the

get Caxtrornicum, Benth. 1. ¢.; ; Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1679;, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. e.
Cocomungo, March 17; plains near San Gabriéf, March 23. 8 uetocarpum, Torr. & Gray, l. ¢.
Hills and plains, Benicia, April 24; age 8 ferry, Stanislaus, May 8.

MEcoNOPSIS HETEROPHYLLA, Benth. l. c.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 61; Hook. Ic. 8, t. 732.
Hill-sides, Martinez, California; April 93, -

Arcemone Mexicana, Linn. Plains of Deer creek, Arkansas; August.

FUMARIACER. bb

DicentTRA Formosa, DC. Syst. 2, p. 109; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1,.p.G08, (not. 67.) Fumaria
formosa, Dryand. Bot. Mag. t. 1335. Mountains near Oakland, April 5; hillsides and ravines
Daitiphi:s ranch, Sierra Nevada, May 12. - r

ORUCIFERZ. .

THUS ap 2, Dough in Hook, Fl. Bor.—Amer. 1, p. 38; Torr. & Gra
y, Lt. Lio. Tk.
C. a see “7 amor in Linnea 1, p. 14, (excl. syn.) Biviticon eriindttiosiign dian
in Torr ay, , p. 96. Sand Hills near the sea-shore, Punta d
A true Cheiranthus. Beirne Wedinesies is me
NastuRTIuM paLusTRE, DC.: the usual short-fruited form, On th ingo ;
Ontanee ? n the Pecos, and St. Domingo :

i,

ag’

BOTANY. [65] 9

NAstTuRTIUM oBTUsUM, Nuit. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 74. River banks, Middle Yuba, May
2. The North American species of this genus need a careful revision. Ther are probably too
many of them described in our books. ‘

NASTURTIUM CURVISILIQUA, Nuét. 1. c. Gravelly hills near the Colorado; Feb uary. Without
full-grown fruit. «

BarBAREA VuLGaRIs, R. Br.; var. pedicellis angulo recto patulis, ete. Benth, Fl. Hartw., p.
297. Near San Francisco and Punta de los Reyes, April. .

STREPTANTHUS FLAVESCENS, Hook. Ic. 1, t. 34; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 77. River banks,
Benicia, April 24. Sepals hairy. Pods shots an inch and a half doth: nearly terete, sparsely
hirsute, with a long tapering point, strictly erect. Pedicles almost hispid, with spreading or
tellocnd hairs.

SrrePANruus LINSARIFOLIUs, Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 7. Gravelly and rocky places, on Hurrah
creek ; September. The radical and some of the lower cauline leaves are spatulate or obovate,
and short.

Sr s convatus, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1,’p. 77. River banks, Middle Yuba, May
21. Stem 2-3 feet high, paniculately branched above ; whole plant very smooth and somewhat
glaucous. Lower leaves and sometimes the cauline ones repandly or sharply denticulate; the
latter about an inch long, mostly obtuse, strongly clasping. Pedicles usually almost as long as
the flower, spreading and curved upward. Flower buds acute. Calyx very obtuse at the base.
Sepals with a long narrow acuminate point, the exterior ones carinate, petals spatulate,
shorter than the calyx. Torus or receptacle dilated. Pods not seen. We have specimens of
the plant collected in California by Colonel Frémont and Mr. Gibbes.

THUS LONGIFOLIUS, Benth. Pl. Hartw.,p. 10, No.52. Gray, Pl. Fendl.,p. 6, var. glaber ;
pedicellis brevioribus. Sandy hills near the Colorado of the West. New Mexico, February 22,
Root annual. Stem about a foot high, slender. Lower leaves acutely repand-dentate ; upper
ones linear-oblong, entire. Pedicles shorter than the closed calyx, recurved after flowering.
Petals linear-spatulate, pale purple, a little exserted. Pods (immature) an inch long, with a
tapering summit.

Turritis eLABRA, Linn.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 78. T. macrocarpa, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray,
Fil.t.c. Near San Francisco, April 3. A dwarf state of this species was found on Cajon ©
creek, March 17. We reduce Nuttall’s T. macrocarpa to T. glabra, as there are often inter-
satinis forms between the two.

TurrRIvIs PATULA, Graham, in Edinb. Phil. Jour., (1829, )p.7; Torr. & Gray, Fl.1, p. 19
Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 10. Yuba river, May 22. Inall Dr. Bigelow’s specimens of this plant
the stem-leaves are nearly as hairy as the radical leaves.

Torritis PATULA, Graham; Hook. Fl. Bor. »-Am. 1, p. 40: var. magis hispidula. Hill sides,
Downieville ; May 22.

AraBis HirsuTA, Scop.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 80. 8. auasrata, Torr. & Gray, l.c. Wet
ravines, Duffield’s ranch, Sierra Nevada, May 11, (in flower.)

CARDAMINE ANGULATA, Hook. Bot. Mise. 1, p. 343, t. 69; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1 a Px Sh. - Ah
paucisecta, Benth. Fl. Hartw., p. 297. Hill-sides, Duffield’s ranch, Sierra Nevada, May 10;
mountains near Oakland, Aprit 4; and plains near San Gabriel, March 23. Radical leaves
sometimes entire ; but more commonly 3-parted, with the segments petiolulate, roundish, entire,
or obscurely repand-toothed ; stem-leaves 3—-5-parted ; the segments varying in form from broadly
ovate and cordate to lanceolate, and narrowed at the base, entire, toothed. Flowers as large as
in Cardamine rhomboidea. Pods erect, an inch and a half long, on a stalk of about the same
length, 1} line wide, esting to a long point. Seeds narrowly margined, distant. Root

tuberiferous.

CARDAMINE OLIGOSPERMA, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Pl. 1, p. 85; Benth. Fl. Hartw. Near San
Francisco; April3. Very near C. hirsuta, but differs in the broader pods and less numerous seeds.
oo. 2

ae

—

10 [66| BOTANY.

SIsYMBRIUM OFFICINALE, Scop.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 91. Near Benicia, April 24. Doubt-
less introduced. .

SisyMBRIUM CANESCENS, Nutt. Gen. 2, p. 68; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 92. Var. Cattrornicum,
Torr. & Gray, l. c. Williams’ River of the Colorado, New Mexico. February 6-18.

SIsYMBRIUM DEFLEXUM, (Harvey, Mss. in herb. Gray :) annuum, pilis patentibus hispidulum ;
caule stricto, folioso simplici, foliis oblongis inferioribus pinnatifidis seu pinnatipartitis, segmentis
lineari-lanceolatis distantibus laciniato-dentatis integrisve, sinubus obtusis ; foliis supremis linea-

ribus integris ; pedicellis brevibus cum siliquiis angustissimis rectis elongatis teretiusculis arcte
deflexis. Turritis? lasiophylla, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey, p. 321? Hill-sides, Napa valley,
April 26. About three feet.high, slender, the lower half almost hispid, with short spreading
hairs. Lower leaves petiolate, 2-3 inches long, more hispid than the stem; middle leaves
sharply toothed ; the highest 2-3 lines wide, and usually entire. Flowers about as large as in
Cardamine hirsuta, and apparently white. Petals oblong-spatulate. Pods 2-3 inches long,
and scarcely half a line wide. Pedicles 2 lines long. Cotyledons incumbent. This plant re-
sembles a Sisymbrium from Coulter’s Californian collecfion, sent to us by Dr. Harvey under
the name of 8. deflexum Harv., of which we believe no description has yet appeared. A
smoother and more humble form of it (some of the specimens only 2 or 3 inches high) was
collected near San Francisco, April 3.

SISYMBRIUM INcIsuM, Engelm. in Pl. Fendl., p. 8. Mountain arroyas, near San Antonita, New
Mexico; October. —

Erystmum asperuM, DC. Laguna Blanca to the Sandia mountains.

Taetypopium Wricuti, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p.'7. Rocky places on the Pecos; September.
Many of the flowers are in an enlarged and abnormal state, probably from the stinging of insects.

TRoPIDOcARPUM GRACILE, Hook. Ic. 1, t. 43; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 94. T. scabriusculum,
Hook. 1. ¢.; Torr. & Gray, l. ce. Plains near San Gabriel, March 23. We find the two species
of Hooker to pass into each other.

Erysimum asperuM, DC. Syst. 2, p. 506; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p.94 Near San Francisco,
April 3, and mouth of Santa Rosa creek, May 1, (with flowers and immature fruit.) Flowers
_ cream-color or pale yellow, becoming deeper in drying. A variety (or possibly distinct species)

with much larger and orange-yellow flowers, was found at Cocomungo, March 17, without
fruit ; also found by Mr. Wallace. We are unable to find characters that will clearly distin-
guish E. Arkansanum and HE. elatum from this species. The leaves and degree of pubescence
are very variable, and the pods seem to be the same in all of them. *

ESICARIA ARGYREA, Gray, Pl. Lindheim. 2, p. 147. Arroyds and cafions, Williams’ River
of the Colorado, New Mexico, February 7-26. °

VestcaRta Fenptert, Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 9. Bluffs and rocky places, New Mexico; October.
To this very polymorphus species must be referred V. stenophylla, Gray, Pl. Lindh. 2, p. 149.

Drasa aurea, Vahl; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 2934. San Antonita, New Mexico, and in the
Sandia mountains, in rocky places; October. Mostly in fruit. From these specimens the
plant appears to have a biennial root, while those of Fendler would seem to be perennial. The
silicles are mostly twisted.

Drasa cunerrouia, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl.1, p. 108. Williams’ River of the Colorado ;

February 11.

Drrayrea Wistizent, Engelm. in Wisl. Mem. New Mex., p. 11; Torr. in Marcy, Expl. Red
fiver, t. 11. On prairies and sandy bottoms of the Canadian, near Antelope Hills; Sep-
tember. It is from this region doubtless that the plant was first collected by Dr. James.

Diruyrea Cattrornica, Harv. in Hook. Lond. Jour. Bot. 4, p. 77, t. 5; Engelm. in Wisliz. Mex.
p. 95. Sandy hills on the Colorado of the West. February 22. The radical leaves are deeply
lyrate-pinnatifid. The calyx is 4 or 5 lines long; much longer, narrower, and more closed
than that of D. Wislizeni. The petals appear to have been purple.

Luprpium nimmpum, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, FI. 1, p. 116. Sandy plains, Cocomungo; March

BOTANY. [67] 11

17. A humble annual; seldom more than a span high. The flowers are tetrapetalous in all of
Dr. Bigelow’s specimens.

Lerrprum atyssores, Gray, Pl. Fendl.p. 10, San Antonita and Galisteo, New Mexico; Oc-
tober.

Lepipium Wricutn, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 15. On Williams’ River of the Colorado, New
Mexico ; February 11. There are 4 minute petals in all the specimens.

LepIpIUM FLAVUM (sp. nov.): annuum, pusillum, acaule, demum prolifero-ramosum, depressum
glabrum ; foliis crassiusculis oblongo-spathulatis pinnatifidis, lobis rotundatis brevibus ; floribus
capitato-congestis flavis; petalis obovatis unguiculatis ; siliculis ovatis, sinu lato emarginato
truncatis breviter bidentatis stylo bis longioribus. Sandy places near the Mohave creek ; March
13. These are early specimens of a minute depressed plant, in flower only. But a single
specimen was gathered by Fremont, in the same region, in his second expedition, from which
the fruit is here characterized. The leaves are half an inch or more in length, and mostly
rosulate around the sessile capitate or umbellate cluster of small yellow flowers: and the axis of
the inflorescence apparently does not elongate in fruit. Stamens tetradynamous. Silicle a-line
long. Valves minutely reticulated. Cotyledons incumbent.

THYSANOCARPUS ELEGANS, Fisch. & Mey. Ind. Sem. St. Petersb., Dec. 1835; Torr. & Gray, Fl.
1. p. 118. Hill sides, Napa; April. The pods are perforated only when they are quite mature
and dry. They vary in shape from nearly orbicular to orbicular-obovate. The stem is usually
simple or with very few branches. TT. pulchellus, Fish. & Mey., and T. radians, Benth., seem
to be only forms of this species.

TuysaNnocarpus crenatus, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl.l.c. Hillsides, Sonora, California; May
9. Chiefly distinguished from T. elegans by its smaller pods and paniculately branching stem.

THYsANocaRPus Lacrnratus, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl.l.c. Plains near San Gabriel, March
23, and sandy places, Cajon creek. Radical leaves pinnatifid; the segments very narrow and
entire

THYSANOCARPUS OBLONGIFOLIUS, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1,c. Sides of hills, Napa; April 26.

TuysaNocarpus Pustiius, Hook. Ic. 1, t. 43; Torr. & Gray, Fl.l.c. Low wet places near
San Francisco, April 8, and Murphy’s, May 14.

CAPPARIDACEZ.

Cieome (Pertroa) IntEeRIFoLIA, Torr. &. Gray, Fl. 1, p. 122; Gray, Gen. IU. t. 16;: £1.
Fendl. p.11. Comanche plains, on the banks of rivulets; September. The form with lanceo-
late leaflets, and very densely crowded, large flowers. Galisteo, and on the Rio Grande near
Santa Domingo, in low places ; October: a form with oblong or obovate leaflets, and smaller
as well as fewer flowers, mostly on short axillary branchlets, appearing considerably different,
but doubtless of the same species. Fendler’s No. 49 is intermediate. The leaflets are entire
in all the specimens I have seen. Probably, however, C. serrulata, Pursh is not distinct.

CrisTaTeLLA Jamust, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 124; Gray, Gen. Ill. t. 17. Gravelly hills, on
the Canadian ; September.

POLANISIA UNIGLANDULOSA, DC. Prod. 1. p. 242; Gray, Pl. Wright. 1,p.10. P. trachysperma
Lorr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 669. On the Canadian, and at Anton Chico; August, September.

VIOLACEA.

Viota SHELTONIL, (sp. nov.): glabra, caulibus adscendentibus brevibus ; foliis circumscriptione
reniformi-cordatis trisectis, segmentis subsessilibus, irregulariter palmatim 5-8-fidis lobatisve,
lobis lineari-cuneatis obtusis; stipulis parvulis ovatis apice ciliatis, sepalis lineari-lanceolatis ;
petalis luteis, calcare brevi sacciforme, (Tap. II.) Hill sides, Yuba, near Downieville ; May 8.
A neat little species resembling V. Beckwithii, Zorr. & Gray in Beckwith’s Report ; but that has
the divisions of the leaves conspicuously petiolulate, and the two upper petals purple. _

12 [68] BOTANY.

Vioua LopaTa, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 298. Moist and shady places, Napa valley, April 27
Grass valley, May 21. Rhizoma short, throwing down a tuft of long thick fibres. Stem some-
times a foot high, naked below. Leaves variable in the lobing. Flowers large, the petals yel-
low, often tinged with purple, especially on the outside ; the lateral ones bearded near the base.

Viona curysantHa, Hook. Ic. 1, t. 49; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 143. Hill sides and plains,
Knight’s ferry, Stanislaus, and Murphy’s, California ; May 8-14.

VioLa pepuncuLata, Torr. & Gray, Fl.1, p. 141. Sandy plains, Cocomungo, March 17; Be-
nicia, April 24 ; Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada, May 10. A pubescent form was collected near
Santa Rosa creek, May 1. This species, V. preemorsa, Dougl., V. linguzfolia, Nutt., and V.
Nuttalli, Ph., are nearly allied, and should, perhaps, be united.

Vroua SARMENTOSA, Dougl. in “Hook. Fl. Bor.—Am. 1, p. 80; Torr. & Gray, l.c. Mountains
near Oakland, April 4; Red woods, April 12.

Viota ocetnata, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 142. Deep ravines, Napa valley. Mr. Thurber
found this species near the quicksilver mines of New Almaden.

Vroia apunca, Smith in Rees Cyclop. V.longipes, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 140. Santa
Rosa creek ; May 1. The specimens are tall and slender, with the peduncles much elongated ;
but a short cespitose form of the plant (which is the same as Hartweg’s No. 1660,) with the
peduncles scarcely longer than the leaves, was collected at Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada.
There can be scarcely a doubt that the little known V. adunca of Smith is identical with Nuttall’s
V. longipes. The description of Smith agrees with our plant, but we' have seen no authentic
specimen for comparison.

VioLa cucuttata, Ait. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, ».139. Pecan creek, Arkansas, and on the
Pecos. August-October; Cocomungo, California; March 18. The style is more slender and the
stigma less rostrate in the Californian than in the eastern plant ; but in other respects we find
no difference.

Viota Canapensis, Linn. In the Sandia mountains, New Mexico; October. In flower and

it.

HYPERICACEZ.

HYPERICUM ANAGALLOIDES, Cham. cd: Schlecht. in Linnea 3, p. 127; Torr. & Gray. Fl. 1, p,
160. Wet places, Laguna Santa Rosa, May 1, and Punta de los Reyes, April 18. Leaves
varying from oblong to broadly ovate, sparsely péllucid-punctate. Not very distinct from H.
mutilum*,

» A remarkable shrub, bearing mpe pods only, was found by Dr. Bigelow in western New Mexico, on the hills bordering
Williams’ river, from near its source to its confluence with the Great Colorado. The Mexicans call it Canotia. It usua y grows
from 9 to 10 feet high, but was sometimes found attaining the height of nearly 20 feet. The branches are very numerous,
alternate, rigid, terete, of a greenish color, and terminate in very long thorns. The epidermis is smooth and finely striate.
Between the elevated striae there are 2 or 3 rows of impressed perforations. There were no leaves on the plant when Dr

scales appear to have been. The pedicles are somewhat racemose towards the summit of the branches. They are about half an
inch long, somewhat spreading, then curved upward, and are articulated below the middle. Calyx persistent, 5-cleft, small,
free from the ovary. The corolla, if any, is deciduous. Stamens 5, hypogynous ; filaments slender and distinct. The fruit is
nearly an inch long, oblong, acute at each end, and pointed with a short persistent subulate style, covered with a thin red flesh;
the endocarp ligneous ; 5-celled, septicidally dehiscent about two-thirds of the way down, and loculicidally at the summit, which
thus presents 10 subulate points in pairs.. Seed solitary in each cell, suspended f; the summit at the i gle, obleng,
compressed with a broad somewhat falcate wing at the inferior extremity. Testa coreaceo-chartaceous, dull, minutely granu~
lated. Albumen very thin. Embryo nearly the length of the seed ; cotyledons thin and flat. Radical inferior, terete, short,
straight.
We can scarcely form a conjecture.as to the affinities of thi plant, but may note that the fruit is not unlike that of Eucryphia,
which Lindley, following Choisy, refers to Hypericacee, nothwithstanding its superior radicle. The fruit has the same thin
fleshy covering that occurs in our plant, and the large seeds (of which there are only three or four in each carpel) are also fur-
nished with a conspicuous wing on the lower side ; but the radicle js certainly superior. It is yet uncertain whether the New
Mexican plant ever bears leaves. Dr. Bigelow saw it early in the spring, when other shrubby plants of the region were begin-
ning to assume their foliage, but it was entirely naked. We must wait for other ob ti this strange shrub, and especially
for its flowers, before assigning it a place in the system. As, however, there can be but little doubt of its constituting an unde-
scribed genus, we may bestow upon it the provisional name of (unotia holacantha

BOTANY. [69] 13

CARYOPHYLLACES,

Sitene Carrrornica, Durand, Pl. Pratt. in Jour, Acad. Philad., (n. ser.) 2, p. 83. 8. pulchra,
Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 675 ; excl. syn. Cham. & Schlecht.; 8. Virginica, Benth. Pl. Hartw. No.
1653. Sides of hills, Mammoth Grove, and Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada, May ; Mormon
island, Mr, Rich. var? viscido-pubescens; foliis ovatis sessilibus, cymis subtrifloris; petalis pro-
funde bipartitis, lobis bifidis, segmentis bidentatis v. integris, Valley of the Sacramento, Mr.
Shelton. This variety has leaves sometimes as broad ai those of S. latifolia. Atthe base of the
limb of the petals there is remote linear lobe or tooth. In the specimens from Mormon island
the middle lobes of the petals are somewhat toothed on the margin, especially near the summit.
Lychnis pulchra, Cham. & Schlecht., which was founded on a Mexican plant, seems clearly to
be Silene laciiata, Cav. We are not sure that it grows in California, unless, which is possible,
S. Californica passes into it.

QUINQUEVULNERA, Linn. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p.191. Hills near Sonoma ; May 3.
Doubtless introduced from Europe.

Sttene Drumonpil, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. 1, p. 89; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 91 and 675. Near
San Francisco; April 8. On the Sandia mountains, New Mexico ; October. In fruit.

Srvene AniirRuIna, Linn. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p.191. Hill sides, Napa valley; April 16,

Saerva DEecuMBENS, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 177. Spergula saginoides, Linn.; Michx. Fl. 1,
p. 276. Damp places near San Francisco. Sepals and petals 4-5, equal in length. Stamens 10.

Austne Dovetasu, Fenzl.; Torr. & Gray, Fl..1, p. 674. Napa valley; April 26. Seeds orbi-
cular-reniform, compressed, not margined.

Atstne Micuauxn, Fenzl. Arenaria stricta, Miche. Fl. 1. p. 274. Walnut creek; August:
on rocks. In fruit.

ARENARIA MACROPHYLLA, Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 1, p. 102, t, 37; Torr. & Gray, Fi. 1, p.
182. Mehringia umbrosa, Fenzl.?; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 13. We are uncertain of the station of
this plant, as the ticket belonging to it was lost ; but it is probably the valley of the Sacramento.
Dr. Bigelow’s specimens are rather smaller than Nuttall’s from Oregon, and the leaves are
narrower. They accord pretty well with Mehringia umbrosa from Songaria, in our herbarium,
except that the leaves are narrower. Our California plant is not sufficiently mature to show the
character of the seeds.

ARENARIA DIFFUSA, Ell, Sk. 1, p.519; Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p.18. San Antonita, New Mexico;
October.

ARENARIA Fenner, Gray, Pl. Fendl.p.13. Laguna Blanea, in pine woods; September. The
specimens bear mature fruit. The capsule is slightly longer than the calyx, and six-valved,
Seeds obliquely ebovate, with a minute uncinate micropyle, papillose-scabrous. Embryo une-
qually hyppocrepiforme.

Srettarra Jamesit, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New York, 2. p. 169. In the Sandia mountains :
October. This striking species has not been collected, since its discovery by Dr. James, until
now. ‘The weak stems (a foot in length) and the older leaves are glabrous ; the branches, etc.,
viscid-pubescent. The larger leaves are 3 or 4 inches long, and two-thirds of an inch in width.

STELLARIA NrtENs. Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl.1.p.184. Near San Gabriel, March 23. In our
specimens the leaves are fringed with weak hairs, the lowest ones are oblong-ovate, on long
petioles, the middle ones lanceolate-spatulate, and the uppermost linear. Sepals subulate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 3-nerved. Petals oblong, deeply two-parted with linear segments. A
similar form occurs in Oregon. We have also an apetalous triandrous state of the plant from
hills near Murphy’s ; May 14.

STELLARIA LITTORALIS, (sp. nov.): undique pubescens; caule adscendente? superne cymoso-
ramoso; foliis ovatis acuminatis basi rotundatis arcte sessilibus; pedicellis foliis vix longioribus ;
petalis profunde bipartitis, laciniis linearibus, sepala lanceolata excedentibus. Seashore, Punta

14 [70] BOTANY.

de los Reyes; April 17. Stems about a foot long, clothed, like the leaves, with a short woolly (and
somewhat viscid?) pubescence. Leaves nearly an inch long and half an inch wide; the upper
ones almost amplexicaul. Flowers few in leafy cymes, about as large asin Cerastium vulgatum.
Sepals lanceolate, acute, obscurely 3-nerved. Petals about one-fourth longer than the sepals.
Stamens 10. Styles rarely 4. Ovary and young fruit globose-ovate. This species resembles
S. pubera, but that has less pubescence on the stem in two lines; the leaves are much larger,
narrow at the base, and nearly smooth, except on the margin, and the sepals are broader as
well as more obtuse. The present plant has much the aspect of a Cerastium, but the styles are
almost invariably only three, and never five.

CERASTIUM OBLONGIFOLIUM, Torr. in Sill. Jour. 4, p. 63; Torr & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 188. Near
Punta de los Reyes, California; April17. Except in the larger flowers, we see nothing in which
this differs from the eastern plant. :

Paronycuta RAMosissimMA, DC. Mém. Paronych. p. 12, t.4; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 72. San
Francisco; April 8.

PARONYCHIA SESSILIFLORA, Wutt. Gen. 1, p. 150; Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 1, p. 226, t. 79. Gravelly
natural mounds on the Canadian ; September.

Paronycuta Dicnoroma, Nutt. 1. c. On the Canadian, in rocky prairies; August.

Drymaria GLaNpuLosA, Baril. ; Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p.18. La Cuesta, New Mexico, on
mountains, under pine trees; September. A small state. . ‘

SPERGULARIA RUBRA, Pers. Syn. 1, p. 504, (Sect. Arenariew); Gray Gen. Ill. 2, p. 25, t. 107.
Arenaria rubra, Linn. Spergula rubra, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 174, a > FEA,

_p. 157.” Arenaria media, Linn. A. marginata, DC. prodr. 1, p. 401. Low places where the
tide flows, Martinez, Corte Madera, &c. ; April 10-23. All the specimens have the seed broadly
margined.

PORTULACACEA.

Portutaca priosa, Linn. Pecan creek, in dry, rocky places; August. ; -

PortuLaca ReTUsA, Engelm. in Pl. Lindh. 2, p, 154. On the upper Canadian ; September.

Catanprinia Menztestt, Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 1, p. 223, t.10; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 197.
Cocomungo, March 18, Corte Madera, April 20. C. speciosa, Lindl., seems to be scarcely dis-
tinct from this species. Dr. Bigelow collected at Cahon Pass, March 16, a Calandrinia scarcely
an inch high, but with conspicuous bright purple flowers. It is, probably, C. Menziesii in a very
early state.

CLayTONIA CaROLINIANA, Micha. Fl. 1, p. 160; var. sesstuironta: minor, racemo foliis ovato-
oblongis sessilibus vix longiore; petalis obovatis integris. ©. lanceolata, Hook. Fl. Bor.—
Am. 1, p. 234. On hills near Downieville, May 22. Whole plant only 2 or 3 inches high,
Tuber globose, about half an inch in diameter. There were no radical leaves on any of the
numerous specimens. Stem leaves from half an inch to three-fourths of an inch or more in
length. Raceme 6-10-flowered, a little overtopping the leaves, even when the lower capsules
were nearly mature. Flowers about half as large as in the eastern plant. (They are quite as
large in specimens of C. lanceolata, Hook., collected in the Rocky mountains by Burke). Calyx
one-third the length of the petals. Corolla apparently pale rose-color. This is the only peren-
nial (corm-bearing) Claytonia that we have received from California. Pursh’s C. lanceolata (as
intimated in the Flora of North America), is a spurious species, made up of C. Caroliniana and
C, alsinoides. The leaves, in all the species of this genus that we have examined, are furnished
with a fine intra-marginal vein, in which all the veinlets terminate.

CLAYTONIA ALSINoIDES, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1309; Zorr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p.199. Marshes, Punta
de los Reyes, April 17; deep woods, Bolinas bay, April 19.

Craytonra PERFOLIATA, Don, Hort. Cant. ed. 4, p. 50; Bot. Mag. t. 1335; Torr. & Gray,l.c. Corte
Madera, April 12 ; Cocomungo, March 18 ; Cajon creek, March 18. In the specimens from the

BOTANY. [71] 15-

two latter stations, some of the radieal leaves are rhomboidal, others are linear-spatulate, show-
ing a tendency to pass into C. parviflora.

C. PERFOLIATA, Var. PARVIFLORA : foliis radicalibus lineari-spathulatis, caulinis in unum ovale
perfoliatum coalitis. C. parviflora, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1, p. 225, t.73; Torr. &
Gray, l. c., O. gypsophiloides, Fisch. & Mey. Index. Sem. St. Petersb. (1835), p. 33. Hills,
Middle Yuba (fine specimens, nearly a foot high). A dwarf form was collected near San Fran-
cisco, April 3. :

C. PERFOLIATA, var, EXIGUA: nana; radicalibus anguste linearibus; caulinis lanceolatis vel
linearibus, subconnatis. CO. exigua, Zorr. & Gray, Fl. l.c. San Francisco ; Apri

A careful examination of our numerous specimens of annual Claytonie has led us to reduce
several species to C. perfoliata, and we would add to the list of varieties C. spathulata. Inter-
mediate forms connect all these. Hereafter it may be found necesasry to include C. tenuifolia.

CLAYTONIA LINEARIS, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. 1, p. 224, t. T1; Torr. & Gray, Ll. ¢.
Wet places, Napa valley; April 26. The specimens are considerably larger than those of
Douglas. The seeds are larger than in any other species of this genus; they are lenticular,
acute on the margin, and highly polished. A very distinct species.

Montta Fontana, Linn.; DC. Prodr. 3, p. 361; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 202. In water;
Duffield’s ranch, Sierra Nevada, May 11; San Francisco, April 8; Corte Madera, April 20,
On the western side of America, the range of this plant extends from Sitcha to Quito, but on
the eastern side it has not been found south of Newfoundland. Chamisso (in Linnea 6, p. 565)
considers the Quito plant as a distinct species, which he calls M. lamprosperma, and states that
it occurs also in the island of Unalaschka, and at the Bay of Eschscholtz. In plate 7, figs. 1-2,
of the volume quoted, he has given figures of the seeds of that species, and of M. fontana, Our
Californian plant has exactly the seeds of M. fontana, and Mr. Nittall’s Oregon specimens have
the same; but M. fontana f. from Sitcha, is M. lamprosperma of Chamisso. We find the seeds
to vary in size and color, and Dr. J. D. Hooker, in Fl. Antarct., p. 13, has shown that the
two species are almost certainly not distinct.

Lewista repiviva, Pursh, Fl. 1, p. 368; Hook. Bot. Misc. 1, p. 344, t. 70; Torr. & Gray,
Fil. 1, p. 677. Rocky places, Napa valley; April 25. This interesting plant extends as far
south as the American fork of the Sacramento.

STERCULIACEA,

Frémontia Carirornica, Torr. in Smithson. Contrib. 6, p. 5, t. 2. Cajon Pass of the Sierra
Nevada. The plants found by Dr. Bigelow were about 15 feet high, which is much taller than
the specimens seen by Col. Frémont and Rev. Mr. Fitch. They were bearing ripe fruit on the
16th of March, which must: have Been formed the previous season. The capsules are in perfect
condition, and show that no part of the calyx is deciduous. The seeds are about as large as in
Hibiscus Syriacus, ovate, black, smooth, and somewhat shining. Testa thick and crustaceous.
Embryo straight, lying in fleshy and oily albumen; cotyledons ovate, foliaceous, nearly flat,
In all of Dr. Bigelow’s specimens of the Frémontia, the leaves were small, few of them being
more than an inch in diameter.

MALVACE.

CALLIRRHOE INvoLUcRATA, Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 15, and Gen. Ill. t.117. On the Canadian 4
September.

MALVASTRUM CoccINEUM, Gray, 1. c. Upper Canadian, and near Galisteo, New Mexico.

Matva BorEALIS, Wallm.; Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 15. M. obtusa, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 225,
A common weed in California,

Smatcea pipLoscyPHa, Gray, Gen. Ill. 2, t. 222; Plant. Fendl., p. 19. Sida diploscypha.
Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 234. Plains, Ione valley, California; May 18.

16 [72] BOTANY.

STELLAR HIRSUTA, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 16. 8, delphinifolia, Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 19,
and Gen. Ill. 2, t. 12, f. 10-12, and in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 300, excl. syn. Nutt. In low
places, on the sides of rivulets; Knight’s ferry, Stanislaus river, California; May 7.

Srainaria. Hartweet, Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 209, and in Benth. Pl. Hartw., p. 300. Plains
and hill-sides, Napa valley; May 5. Fine specimens of this rare plant are in the collection;
some of them are sparingly branched above, and the racemes are somewhat compound. The
fruit is still unknown.

MALVAELORA, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 16. Sida malvzeflora, Mog. & Sesse.; DC.
Prodr.1, p. 194. Sidalcea Neo-Mexicana, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 23. S. Oregana, Gray, l. c.
Mokelumne hill, May 17; plains of Napa valley, May 5. : =

STBEEARIA HUMILIS and var. 8. Gray Pl. Fendl. p. 20. Hills near Oakland, April 3; Punta
de los Reyes, April 18; 8. Napa valley. Perhaps not distinct from 8. malvzeflora.

SmDA LEPIDOTA, var. SAGITTHFOLIA, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 18. Plains, Laguna Colorado;
September.

Spa sprnosa, Linn. Shawneetown, Indian Territory ; August.

ABUTILON PARVULUM, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 21. Rocky hills near Anton Chico; September.

SPHHERALCEA ANGUSTIFOLIA, var. (S. stellata, Torr. & Gray.) Plains of the Upper Canadian,
etc. ; September. |

SeenraREX INcANA? Var. opLoNarForta, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 21. Galisteo, in low places;
October.

Hreiscus Moscuxutos, Linn. Sandy bottoms of the Canadian; September.

LINACEA,

Linum PeRENNE, Linn. Gravelly hills and plains near Galisteo, New Mexico; October. In
fruit.

Linum Rietipum, Pursh, Fl. 1, p. 210; Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 25. Prairie hills, on the
Canadian; September. .

Catirornicum, Benth. Plant. Hartw. p. 298. Plains of Feather river, near Marys-
ville; May 25. Petals rose color in the bud; white when expanded. In all the flowers that
we examined, there were but 3 styles, and the ovary was tricarpellary. Some of our specimens
are more than a foot high.

GERANIACEA.

GrRaNntuM Carotmntanum, Linn.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 207%. Corte Madera, April 12;
hill-sides, Murphy’s, May 14. One of the most widely diffused plants of North America.

Geranium Ricnarpsont, Fisch. & Meyer; Engelm, in Pl. Fendl. p. 26. G. albiflorum, Hook.
In the Sandia mountains, New Mexico; October.

. GERANIUM czsprtosuM, James, in Long’s Exped. ; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 25. Mountain arroyas,
near San Antonita; October. A low and diffuse state, mostly in fruit, and an erect form,
near Wright’s No. 910, but with long peduncles.

ERopium Macropuytium, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech., p. 227; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 679.
Hill-sides, Murphy’s, May 14. All the specimens are small leaved.

Eroprum cicurarium, L’ Herit.; DO. Prodr. 1, p. 646; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 208. In
various parts of New Mexico; also plains near Los Angeles, and on Williams’ river, near the
Colorado, February and March. In the specimens from the latter station the leaves are more
cut than usual. :

OXALIDACEA.

Oxauis Onzeana, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 211. O. Acetosella, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am.
1, p. 118, (ex parte.) Tamul Pass, April 11. Perhaps not distinct from O. Acetosella ; the
chief difference being the greater proportionate breadth of the leafleds, The rhizoma is some-

ee

BOTANY. [73] 17

times a foot or more in length. It is only the portion near the leaf-bearing extremity that has
the scales imbricated ; on the other parts they are distant and alternate.
Oxauls stricta, Linn.; Torr. Fl., New York, 1, p. 123. Plains near San Gabriel, March 23.

LIMNANTHACEA.

LIMNANTHES ROSEA, Benth. Pl. Hariw., p. 302; “ Jour. Hort. Soc. 4, ¢. 78.’? Low wet
places, Corte Madera; Stanislaus; Los Angeles, etc. March—May. Scarcely distinct from
L. Douglasii ; the divisions of the leaves being, in some of Douglas’ original specimens, quite
as narrow as those of L. rosea. In cultivated specimens of the latter the ultimate segments ot
the leaves are broader than in the wild plant.

LIMNANTHES ALBA, Benth. 1. c. Hill-sides, Duffield’s ranch, Sierra Nevada, May 12. This
seems to be a very distinct species, and is obviously distinguished by its hairiness. _

RUTACE.

THAMNOSMA MoNTANUM, (Torr. & Frém.:) fruticosum, ramosissimum ; ramis spinescentibus ;
foliis crassiusculis lineari-spathulatis obscure punctatis; antheris sagittatis promisse mucronatis :
disco parvo stipite fructifero (sesquilineari) columnari multum breviore ; capsula didyma basi
retusa ; seminibus cochleatis levibus. (Tab. Ill.)\—Torr. & Frém. in Frém. 2d. Rep., p. 313.
Dry ravines of the Mohave, near the Colorado, March 3-9. The description in the work here
quoted was drawn from imperfect materials, and the plant was incorrectly referred to Zanthox-
ylacew, instead of Rutacew proper. The estivation of the corolla is imbricated, not valvate.
The stamens and filiform style are more or less exserted. Stigma small and capitate. Albu-
men thin. Rutosma of Gray must be included in this genus.

Prevea TRIFoLIATA, Linn. B. mows, Torr. & Gray, Fl..1, p. 680; Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p.
31. Rocky hills of the Upper Canadian ; September. In fruit.

ANACARDIACES.

Ruvs triopata, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 219. Hilly prairies on the Canadian ;
September. In fruit.

Ruvs piversttoza, Zorr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 218. BR. lobata, Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1, p. 127,
t. 46, non Poir. Plains and mountains near San Gabriel, March 23; Martinez, April 23. The
specimens are all male.

STYPHONIA INTEGRIFoLIA, Nut. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 220; Nutt. Sylv. 3, p. 4, t. 82.
Ravines, Cojon Pass; March 17. The leaves are three inches long, and nearly two inches wide,
ovate, with a short acumination. Dr. Parry collected similar specimens near Santa Barbara.
S. serrata is probably not a distinct species.

Lrrarma taurina, Walp. Repert. 1, p. 551. Rhus laurina, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p.
219. Near San Gabriel, March 23, (in fruit; doubtless of the preceding season.) The thin
pulp of the dry fruit consists chiefly of a white waxy material, which is soluble in very strong
alcohol, and seems to be almost entirely cerine.

VITACEZ.

ca
Virvs incisa, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 241. Gypsum rocks, Elm creek ; August.
Virts RupEstRIs, Scheele in Linnea 21 » p. 291, On the Canadian, Pecos, ete. August—
September. In fruit.

ACERACE.

Neapnpo acerorbes, Mench. In a cafion on the Pecos ; September. In fruit.
Acer tripartituM, Nuit. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p- 247; Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 28. Arroyas
3

18 [74| ao BOTANY.

in the Sandia mountains; October. In fruit. While some of the leaves are trifoliate, others
~ on the same branch are only three-lobed, and so much resemble those of A. glabrum that the
species probably cannot be kept distinct.—Gray, Mss. _

Acer MackopuyttuM, Pursh, Fl. 1, p. 267; Hook. Fl. Bor.—Am. 1, p. 112, t. 38; Nutt. Sylv.
2, p. 76, ¢. 67.

Nee@unpo acerowwes, Moench. Meth., p. 334; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 260; N. Californicum,
Torr. & Gray, l. ¢.; Nutt. Sylv. 2, p. 90, t.°12. Acer Negundo, Zinn. Corte Madera, April
10, (in flower.)

SAPINDACE.

AAscunus Catrrornica, Nuit. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 251; and Sylv. 2, p. 69, ¢. 64. Hill-
sides, Sonoma, May 3, in flower ; mountains near Oakland, (leaves only.)

Aiscunus FLAVA, Art.; Pursh, Fl. 1, p. 255. On the Canadian, near the Shawnee villages,
and Deer creek; August. In fruit.

SaPINDUs MaRernatus, Willd.; Gray, Gen. Ill. 2, t. 180. Creek bottoms, on the Upper Cana-
dian ; September. In fruit. ,

CarRDIOsPERMUM Haticacasum, Linn. Deer creek ; August.

CELASTRACE.

Pacuystma Myrsintres, Raf. in Amer. Month. Mag., 1818; Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 29.. Lex?
Myrsinites, Pursh, Fl. 1, p. 119. Oreophila myrtifolia, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p.
259.—Sandia mountains, New Mexico ; October ; in fruit. Hill-sides. South Yuba, California ;
May 26. The leaves are larger than in the Oregon plant, and sharply serrate. The woody
stem is of extremely slow growth, several annual circles being included with one-tenth of an
inch.

Evonymus occwentauis, Nutt. Mss. E. atropurpureus 8? Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 258.
Head of Tomales bay; April 17. Leaves ovate, mostly obtuse, at the base quite smooth.
Peduncles 8-flowered. Flower pentamerous, larger than in E. atropurpureus. The fruit is
unknown.

CELASTRUS SCANDENS, Linm. Pecan creek; August. In fruit.

GLOSSOPETALON SPINESCENS, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 29, t. 12. Cafions in the Llano Estacado ;
September. Without flowers or fruit. *

RHAMNACE.

Ruamyvs croceus, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 261. Hills near Sonora, May 9; Rocky
hills, 80 miles west of the Colorado. Leaves often green underneath.

Franeuta Catrrornica, Gray, Gen. Ill. 2, p. 178; and Pl. Wright. 2, p. 28. Rhamnus Cali-
fornicus, Esch.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p, 263. R. oleifolius, Hook, Fl. Bor.—Am, 1, p. 123,
t. 44. RB. laurifolius, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl.l.c. Hill-sides, Robinson’s ferry, Stanislaus,
May 14; a variety, with larger leaves, softly pubescent on both sides; Napa valley, May 5,
(leaves nearly glabrous both sides, and with obtuse serratures ;) mountains near San Gabriel,
March 23, (glabrous leaves, with acute serratures): var. TOMENTELLA, Gray, Pl. Wright. l. e.
Rhamnus tomentellus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 303. Butte mountains, near Marysville, May 25.
A plant of very diverse appearance ; but its extreme forms pass insensibly into each other. In
favorable situations it attains the height of 18 feet.

CeANOTHUS THYRSIFLORUS, Esch.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 266 ; Bot. Reg. 30, t. 38; Nutt. Sylv.
2, p. 43,¢. 57. Punta de los Reyes, April 18; San Francisco, April 3 ; hill-sides, Napa valley,
April 27. A beautiful shrub, known in its native country under the name of California lilac.

CeanoTuvs sorepidgus, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech, p. 328; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 686. Hill-
sides, Grass valley; May 9-19. A neat little shrub, 4-5 feet high, (sometimes prostrate,) with

*

BOTANY. [75] 19

numerous clusters of bright-blue flowers, and resembling C. thyrsiflorus, only much smaller.
A trailing form, with more pubescent branches and leaves, and short-peduncled panicles, was
found at Duffield’s ranch, Sierra Nevada, (May 12,) and at the Washington Mammoth grove,
(May 15.)

CEANOTHUS DivaRIcatTus, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. c.. Var.? Grosss-sERRATUs: foliis major-
ibus, grosse-serratus, acutiusculis. Station not recorded. Branches thorny at the extremity;
serratures of the leaves acute; flowers blue.

Cranoraus INcanus, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 265. <A single specimen, of a slender form, of
this species exists in the collection. It is without a ticket, but was probably found in the valley
of the Sacramento.

oTHUs cRAssIFoLIUS, (Torr. in Emory’s Mex. Bound. Rep., cum tab. ined.:) fruticosus,
ramulis pubescentibus; foliis ovatis, integerrimis, vel remote spinuloso-denticulatis coriaceis
crassis penninerviis, supra demum glabratis, subtus albo-tomentosis, thyrsis subsessilibus
umbelliformibus (floribus albis.) Hills and sandy plains, Cajon Pass, March 16; Teyung,
California, Mr. Wallace, 1854. Dr. Parry discovered this well-marked species in the moun-
tains south of Los Angeles, while acting as botanist, under Major Emory, in the Mexican
boundary survey. .

EANOTHUS INTEGERRIMUS, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey, p. 329; Torr. & Gray, Fl. l. ¢.;
Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 302, No. 1684. Grass valley, May 20; Los Angeles, May 14; hill-sides,
Nevada, May 20.

CEANOTHUS DIvARIcATUS, Nutt. 1. c. var. HAaLANDULOSUS: foliis integerrimis (margine nec denti-
culatis glanduliferis) obtusissimis, On mountains near San Gabriel; March 22. Also with
vestiges of last year’s fruit. Cohon Pass, March 16. (Collected by Dr. Parry on the mountains
east of San Diego; in fruit and in flower by Mr. Wallace, at Boca de Teyunga, April.) This
has the flowers, the divaricate spinescent branches with whitish bark, and also the foliage of
C. divaricatus, except that none of the specimens show a trace of the glandular denticulations
so manifest in the specimens of Douglas and of Coulter; nor is the pubescence on their ribs
quite so evident. Some of the leaves are slightly cordate.—Gray, Mss.

CEANOTHUS cUNEATUS, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 267. C. macrocarpus, Nutt. 1. c., (non
Cavan.) Cocomungo, March 17; San Giovana, April 12; Napa valley, April 27; Knight's
ferry, Stanislaus, May 7, (fruit.) A very variable species in the size and form of the leaves.
It should, perhaps, include C. verrucosus of Nuttall.

Critroniits pentatus, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 268; Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. 1, p. 17, t
Santa Rosa Laguna; May 1. This pretty species ea much the appearance of C. r rediatis,
but the leaves are hardly 3-nerved.

Czanorats riaibus, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. tl. c.; Lindl. & Past. Fl. Gard. 1, p. 74, t. 51;
Bot. Mag. 78, t. 4664. Var. @ranvirouius. Punta de los Reyes; April 18. The leaves are three
times larger than in the ordinary form of this species, and strongly spinose-toothed on the sides,
as well as at the extremity. This variety seems to show almost a transition to C. prostratus,
through the broad-leaved form of that plant noticed below; but we are not willing to unite the
two species, without seeing a more extensive suite of specimens for comparison.

oTHUS PRosTRATUS, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 302. Grass valley, May 20; with immature
fruit. The leaves vary frou oblanceolate and entire to cuneate and tricuspidate. The fruit is
crowned with 3 strong protuberances. A variety, with much larger obovate-cuneate leaves,
coarsely spinose-toothed down to the middle, or at the apex only, was found at the Washington
Mammoth grove. Colonel Frémont collected the same on the Upper Sacramento in 1846.
Cranoruus Fenpisri, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 20. Sandia mountains; October. In fruit.

MESEMBRYANTHEMACE,

MEsEMBRYANTHEMUM DIMIDIATUM, Halw%? Sea-shore, Punta de los Reyes, April 18. The plant
is abundant in several other places on the coast of California, and was probavly introduced,

20 [76] BOTANY.

FRANKENIACE.

FRANKENIA GRANDIFOLIA, Cham. & Schlect. in Linnea 1, p. 35; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 168.
Corte Madera; April 10.

POLYGALACE.

Pory@aLa cucutLaTa, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 229. Hill-sides, Napa valley; April 27. We
have seen no other Polygala from California, nor from any other part of the Pacific coast, and
we strongly suspect that P. Nutkana, Mog. Sesse. (if really from the northwest coast) and P.
Californica, Nutt., are not distinct. The leaves are variable in breadth. In some of Frémont’s
specimens, collected on the Sacramento, they are acute at the base, and the apex is scarcely
blunt. The little appendage which takes the place of this crest at the summit of the keel is
sometimes rostrate, and either straight or curved. Although there are no flowers or radical
sarments in Dr. Bigelow’s specimens, there are vestiges of them, and it is probable that in the
early state of the plant it usually produces such flowers, ©

PotyeALa Linpuemert, Gray, Pl. Lindh, 2, p. 150. On the Llano Estacado; September. A
form with mostly linear leaves. =f

KRAMERIACEA.

KRAMERIA LANCEOLATA, Torr. in Am. Lyc., New York, 2, p. 168. Sandy prairies on the
Canadian; August. ;

LEGUMINOSA.

_ Viera extaua, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 272; var. ? Cattrornica. River banks, Be-
nicia, April 24. We have not seen the Californian variety of the plant noticed by Mr. Nuttall.
The specimens collected by Dr. Bigelow seem to be quite as near V. exigua, and perhaps the
two species are not distinct. The former has been found in Alabama by Mr. Buckley, and in
Florida by Dr. Chapman. All the specimens of Dr. Bigelow have single-flowered peduncles,
which are of not half the length of the leaves. They are usually 6 leaflets, which are about an

inch long and two lines wide, glabrous and emarginate, with a mucro, or acute and entire,

The stipules are minute, and narrowly semi-sagittate. The pod is fully an inch long, sabre-
shaped, and 5—7-seeded.

Victa aiGanTEA, Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 1, p. 157; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 270. Mountains
near Oakland; April 4; Punta de los Reyes, April 18. This agrees well with our Oregon
specimens from Dr. Scouler and Mr. Nuttall, except that the lower teeth of the calyx are not
so long. It also occurs in Coulter’s Californian collection.

Victa OreGaNna, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. l.c. V. truncata, Nuét. 1.c. Mountains, near
Oakland, April 4; hill-sides, Benicia, April 24. We find Nuttall’s two species to run into
each other.

Latuyrvs vestitus, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 276. Var.? muitretorus: foliolis ovato-
oblongis, pedunculis folio multo longioribus 20-25-floris, dentibus inferioribus calycis superior-
ibus triplo-longioribus. Hills, Tomales bay, April 19; Corte Madera, April 10. About one
foot high, clothed with a short soft pubescence. Leaflets 6 pairs, nearly three-fourths of an
inch long, cuspidate. Peduncles 2-3 times longer than the leaves. Flowers nearly as large as
in L. palustris. Lower teeth of the calyx linear-lanceolate, three times longer than the upper
triangular ones. Stipules lanceolate, semi-sagittate, entire.

Latayrvs venosus, Mul. in Willd. Sp. 3, p. 1092? Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 274, (the var. 7. 3)
Benth. Pl. Hartw., No. 1705, L. decaphyllus, Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 1, p. 159; non Pursh,
Grass valley, May 19. A stout plant, with a winged stem. Leaflets 6 pairs, an inch and a

.

BOTANY. [77] 21

half long, ovate-elliptical, minutely pubescent on both sides. Peduncles 4—6 inches long, (ex-
clusive of the 10-14-flowered raceme.) Upper teeth of the calyx very short, and broadly tri-
angular, with a minute point; all the teeth shorter than the tube. The stipules are larger than
in the eastern plant, but much smaller than the leaves. We have not seen the pods.

LATHYRUS VENOSUS, Var. GRANDIFLORUS: caule nudo; foliolis (subdecum) minoribus supra
glabris ; pedunculis folio subduplo longioribus; floribus maximis, dentibus calycis tubo sub-
equalibus. Cocomungo, March 17. The flowers are twice as large as in the ordinary form of
this species,

LatuyRvus VENosvs, var. 6. Zorr. & Gray, 1. c. Is. pubescens, Nutt. Mss. Hill-sides,
Benicia ; April 24. This agrees with our Oregon specimens from Nuttall. It is between L.
venosus and vestitus, and seems almost to unite the two species,

LATHYRUS VENOSUS: var. OBOVATUS: caule nudo; foliolis sub-4-jugis plerumque obovatis obtusis
puberulis ; racemo 3-4-floro ; calcycis dentibus subequalibus. Near the Mammoth Grove and
at Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada, May 15. A mountain form, with larger flowers than usual.

Latuyrus ocuroievcus, Hook. Fl. Bor.—Am. 1, p. 159? Var. pedunculis 12-20-floris, folio
subequantibus. Hill-sides, Murphy’s, May 12. Leaflets of a firm texture, and more approxi-
mated than in the eastern plant.

We are by no means satisfied with the results of our examination of the Lathyri in Dr.
Bigelow’s collection. The species of this genus are extremely variable, especially those of
Oregon and California. It is possible that the true L. venosus does not grow on the northwest
coast ; but we have not been able to discover characters sufficient for distinguishing from that
species any of the varieties enumerated above.

LatTuyrvs poLymMorrnus, Nutt. Gen. 2, p. 97; Gray, Pl. Fendl. »p. 30. Lagyna Colorado, New
Mexico, September; and Santa Domingo, October ; in low and wet places,

OrosUs LiTToraLis, Gray, in Stevens’ Rep. ined. Astrophia littoralis, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray,
fl. 1, p. 278. Specimens of this plant were given to Dr. Bigelow by Dr. Andrews. They
were probably collected on the coast, near San Francisco. |

PHASEOLUS DIvERSIFoLIUs, Pers.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 279. Sand banks of the Canadian
River, near the Shawnee villages, etc. August.

PHASEOLUS PAUCIFLORUS, Benth.; Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 44. With the preceding.

AMPHICARPHA Monotca, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 292. Ravines of Pecan creek ; August.

PsoraLgA PHYsopES, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 1, p. 304 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 304
and 689. Near Mark West’s Oreek, California. April 30. The stem is wholly free from glands.

PsoraLEA cuspipata, Pursh, Fl. 2, p.'741. Rocky hills of the upper Canadian; September.
In fruit.

Psorauea Diarrata, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 301. Sand-banks of the Canadian,
near the Shawnee villages; August. In fruit.

PsoRALEA LINEARIFOLIA, Torr. & Gray,l.c. Gypsum hills, Comanche plains ; September.
_. PsoRALEA MICRANTHA (sp. nov.): cinereo-puberula, minute glanduloso-punctata ; caulibus e radice

seu rhizomate longissimo repente assurgentibus paniculato-ramosissimis ; stipulis subulatis
minimis ; foliis palmatim trifoliolatis; foliolis lineari-filiformibus incisve anguste linearibus
mucronato-acutis ; pedunculis folio paullo brevioribus ; spica brevi densiflora ; bracteis minimis
caducis ; calycis dentibus brevibus obtusissimis; fructu glabro.—Sand hills, near the last camp.
on the upper Canadian ; September. Plant a foot high, from a horizontal root or slender root-
stock of several feet in length. Branches slender, leafy. Leaflets an inch or less in length,
canaliculate and nearly filiform, or the lowest flat and about a line wide, punctate with fine
brown dots. Peduncles half an inch long, about the length of the subtending petioles, bearing
ashort and oval or oblong spike of 10-20 small flowers, which are usually closely approximate
or crowded. Calyx short, scarcely a line long, rather longer than the pedicel, campanulate,
dotted with coarse brown glands ; the short teeth broad and very obtuse, equal. Corolla barely
a line and a half long beyond the calyx, narrow, white, except the tip of the keel, which is blue.

22 [78] BOTANY.

Anthers uniform. Fruit globular, flattened, glabrous or nearly so. This should be compared
with P. laxiflora, Nutt., which we have never seen, and which is compared with P. lanceolata, a
species having much affinity with the present one. Nuttall’s plant, however, is characterized
as having the leaflets longer than P. lanceolata, and linear or oblong, the peduncles longer than
the leaves, the flowers somewhat distant, ete.—Gray, Uss. ‘

AMORPHA CANESCENS, Nuit. Gen. 2, p.92. Prairies Indian Territory ; August.

PETALOSTEMON VIOLAcEUM, Micha. Fl. 2, p. 50, t. 37. Sand banks of the Canadian river, near
the Shawnee villages ; August.

PETALOSTEMON MULTIFLORUM, Nutt. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 309. Prairies on the Canadian,
near Delaware mountain ; August.

PETALOSTEMON VILLOSUM, Nutt. Gen. 2, p. 85; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Sand banks of the Canadian,
near the Shawnee villages ; August.

Dauea spinosa, Gray, Plant. T’hurb. p. 315. Arroyos near Williams’ River of the Colorado,
New Mexico; February 16. In fruit.

Datza Formosa, Torr. in Anner. Lyc. New York, 2, p. 178, & in Emory’s, Rep. t. 1. Rocks
and cafions on the upper Canadian ; September.

Dates LAxrFLorA, Pursh, Fl. 2, p. 741. Prairies of the upper Canadian ; August.

Datga atopscurorpEs, Willd. Santo Domingo, New Mexico, on the banks of streams ; October.

Datza Lanata, Spreng. Syst. 3, p: 327. Sand banks of the Canadian, near the Shawnee vil-
lages ; August.

Datgea Nana, Torr. in Pl, Fendl. p. 31. Plains of the upper Canadian and New Mexico;
September—October.

Dana aurea, Nytt. Gen. 2, p. 101. Prairies of the upper Canadian ; September.

Date James, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 308. Plains of the upper Canadian; September.

TRIFOLIUM INVoLUcRATUM, Willd. ; Benth. Pl. Hartw. n. 54 }; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 33. Banks
of streams near Santo Domingo, New Mexico ; October.

TrirotiuM Macrat, Hook. & Arn. in Hook. Bot. Mise. 3, p. 179, & Bot. Beech. p. 330. T.
albopurpureum, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p.313. Corte Madera, April 10; in fields, Benicia, April
23; Napa valley, April 26. Variable in height, size of heads, and form of the leaves.

TRIFOLIUM DicHotomuM, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 330; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 691. The
station of this plant is uncertain, as no ticket accompanied the specimen, but it was probably
collected near San Francisco. We are not certain that it is a distinct species from the preceding,
although so much larger in all its parts.

TRIFOLIUM CILIOLATUM, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 304. Corte Madera, April 12 ; Benicia, California;
April 23. We have specimens of this plant from the valley of the Sacramento, collected by
Dr. Stillman and Mr. Shelton.

TRIFOLIUM GRacILENTUM, Torr, & Gray, Fl. 1, p.316. Corte Madera, April 10; Napa valley,
April 26; Hill sides, Sonoma, California; May 3.

TRIFOLIUM MicRocEPHALUM, Pursh, Fl. 2, p. 478; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 317. Tamul
Pass, California ; April 11.

TRIFOLIUM HETERODON, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 318. Low wet places, near San Francisco ;
April 3-8. Legume 4-5-seeded. A good species.

TRIFOLIUM TRIDENTATUM, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub. t. 1070. T. involucratum, Torr. & Gray, 1. ¢.,
non Willd. Corte Madera, April 12.

TRrIFOLIUM MicRODoN, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Mise. 3, p. 180; & Bot. Beechey, p. 330, t. 79.
Hill-sides; Sonoma, California ; May 3.

TrivoLiuM FucaTuM, Lindl, Bot. Reg. t. 1883; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 619, Los Angeles,’
March 21; Benicia and Martinez, April 23-24.

TRIFOLIUM AMPLECTENS, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 319. Corte Madera, April 10; and San
Francisco, April 3; hill-sides, Benicia, April 24.

BOTANY. [79] 28

TRIFOLIUM BARBIGERUM, (sp. nov.): nanum, molliter pubescens; caulibus e radice annua vel bienni
adscendentibus, (1-3 poll. longis,) junioribus stipulis scariosis apice truncato setaceo-laciniatis
imbricatum vestitis ; foliolis obovatis cuneatisve obtusissimis denticulatis ; involucro cyathi-
fermi laciniato aristato-dentato flores subaequante ; calycis dentibus tubo fere triplo longioribus
aristiformi-subulatis plumoso-barbatis, infimo simplici presertim supremo bi-trifidis ;_ legumin-
ibus dispermis. Near San Francisco, April. The Rev. A. Fitch collected this plant in the
same place, four or five years ago.

MELILOTUS PARVIFLORA, Desf. Fl. Atl. 2, p. 192; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 321. Common in
New Mexico and California, on banks of streams ; probably introduced.

Mepicago Denticunata, Willd. Sp. 3, p. 1414; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 332. Cocomungo,
California; March 18. Introduced.

Hosackta Bicotor, Dougl. et Benth. in Bot. Reg. t. 1257; Hook. Fl. Bor.—Am. 1, p.° 184;
Torr. & Gray. Fl. 1, p. 323. Hills near Punta de los Reyes ; April 17 ; and wet ravines, Grass
Valley, California; May 19. A showy perennial species. The stipales are not always ‘‘ very
obtuse,’’ but are sometimes rather acute.

Hosackta sToLoniFERA, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1977; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 323. River banks,
Mokelumne Hill, and Mammoth grove, Calileiinia'; May 15-17. Var. calioonil Corte Madera,
April 16. In fis variety the peduncles are wolmetitnee naked, and sometimes (even on the same
specimen) furnished with a sessile, unifoliolate, or pinnately 2-7-foliolate bract. The whole
plant is conspicuously pubescent.

HosackIA GRANDIFLORA, Benth. in Bot. Reg. sub. t. 1257; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 323. Hill-
sides, mouth of the Yuba, California; May 21. The bract is occasionally trifoliolate, and
not unfrequently it is wanting altogether, or only rudimentary.

Hosackta puBeRuLA, Benth. Pl. Hartw., p. 305; Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p.50. On Wil-
liams’ River of the Colorado, western Mew Mexico, February 11.

Hosackta (Evosackra) INcANA (sp. nov.): perennis, undique et mollissime cano-villosa ; caule
erecto ) simplici ; foliolis 11-13 ovatis acutiusculis ; stipulis ovatis folioformibus ; vqedincylie folio
multo brevioribus; umbellis 6—9-floris; bractea 5-foliolata; floribus pedioélintis; calycis dentibus
subulato-lanceolatia tubo duplo biwebisiligh (Tab. IV.) Dey: hills, near South Yuba, California;
May 23. Plant 6-10 inches high, densely clothed with soft greyish-white villous pubescence. Stem
rather stout, leafy. Leaflets nearly half an inch long, mostly opposite, varying from broadly
to narrowly ovate. Stipules about two-thirds the size of the leaflets, and resembling them in
form. Peduncles (floriferous) half an inch or more in length. Flowers as large as in H.
bicolor, apparently purple, mixed with yellow; the pedicels about one-third the length of the
calyx not seen. Allied to H. stipularis, but abundantly distinct.

Hosackra PARVIFLORA, Benth. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 1257; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 326. Napa
Valley, April 25. Hills near Punta de los Reyes, and Tania bay, April 17-19. H. micro-
phylla and H. nudiflora of Nuttall seem to be only reduced forms of this species.

Hosackta stricosa, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Pl. 1, p. 326. Cocomungo, March 26. We
think that H. rubella, Nutt., should be united to this species.

HosAcKIA SUBPINNATA, Torr. & Gray, l. c. Lotus subpinnatus, Lagas. Gen. and Sp. p. 33;
Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech., p. 17, t. 8. Corte Madera, April 10; hill-sides, Martinez, California ; ;
April 23.

Hosackta Pursurana, Benth. l. c.; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Lotus sericeus, Pursh, Fl. 2, p. 489.
Low ravines, Grass valley, May 19. The four remaining species of the section Psycopsis of
Nuttall (in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. c.) are probably only forms of H. Purshiana.

Hosackta cytisorpEs, Benth, t. c.; Torr. & Gray, l. c. Near San Francisco. Bracts mostly
unifoliolate.

Rosita Neo-Mextcana, Gray, Pl. Thurb., p. 314. Mountain arroyos, near San Antonita,
New Mexico; October. In fruit.

Guéraninzs LEPIDOTA, Nutt. Gen. 2, p. 106. Sand banks of the Canadian, near the Shawnee
villages; August. With ripe fruit.

24 [80] BOTANY.

INDIGOFERA LEPTosEPALA, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 298. With the preceding, and at
Upper Crosstimbers, Indian Territory ; August.

Puaca DENstFoLIA, Smith in Rees Cycl.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 344 & 693; Hook. Ic. t. 283.
P. Nuttallii, 7. & Gr. 1. c. Cocomungo, California; March 18. Legumes an inch and a half
long, and more than three-fourths of an inch broad. Seeds numerous, not half the size of a
pepper-corn. Our plant differs somewhat from Douglas’s, as figured by Hooker in his Icones,
especially in being smoother and the flowers larger, as well as in the larger calyx-teeth; but it is
undoubtedly the same.

ASTRAGALUS DIDyMocARPUS, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech., p. 334, ¢. 81; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1,
p. 693. Fields near Benicia, and Corte Madera; April 10-23. The specimens are much
smaller than those collected by Douglas, Mr. Rich, and Dr. Parry. The legumes are scarcely
three lines long, and of about the same breadth. When young they are villous, but nearly
glabrous (though strongly rugose) when old. The leaves vary in breadth from half a line to
two lines or more. We have little doubt that A. nigrescens and A. Catalinensis, Nutt. (Pl.
Gamb.,) are varieties of this species.

Astragalus Missourrensts, Nutt. Gen. 2, p.99; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 331, excl. syn. Pursh.
Gravelly hills, New Mexico, and on Williams’ fork of the Colorado, February 6.

AsTracAtus Frimontit (sp. nov.): molliter strigoso-cinerea ; radice perenni; caulibus ad-
scendentibus (10 poll. longis) crassiusculis; foliolis 9-21 ovalibus vel rotundatis retusis ; stipulis
triangulatis basi tantum petioli adnatis ; pedunculis folium «equantibus, floribus laxiuscule spicatis
patentibus subsessilibus ; calycis dentibus subulatis tubo campanulato brevioribus; ‘corolla
purpurea ;”’ leguminibus immaturis membranaceis inflatis ovatis acuminatis bilocellatis poly-
spermis estipitatis. Banks of the Rio Virgin; May 3, 1844, Frémont. Var. caule breviori
(2-3-pollicari); floribus majoribus ; calyce magis cylindraceo et nigro-hirsuto. On the Mohave
creek; March 3. An early state, only in flower, apparently of the same species as that gathered
in the same region by Colonel Frémont. Leaflets 3-6 lines long. Flowers half an inch long ;
the calyx 3 lines long; the corolla apparently white, or whitish; all the petals tipped
with deep violet purple. The half-grown pods of Frémont’s specimens are over half an inch
in length, nearly glabrous, very thin, and completely bilocellate-—Gray, Mss. .

GALUS HUMISTRATUS, Gray, Pl. Wright. 5, p. 45. Arroyos, near San Antonita, New
Mexico; October. In fruit.

ASTRAGALUS MOLLIssimus, Torr. in Ann. Lyc., New York, 2, p. 178; Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 53.
Rocky ridges of the False Washita, August ; and plains of the Upper Canadian, September.
In flower.

ASTRAGALUS DIpHYsus, Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 34. Sandy places, near Albuquerque; October.
In fruit.

AsTRAGALUS (PHACA) LoNcHocaRPUS. Phaca macrocarpa, Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 36. Bluffs and
rocky places, on the Llano Estacado; September. The few specimens of this interesting plant
bear only old and dehiscent pods, which are shorter than in Fendler specimens, and are follicular,
opening as they do only by the ventral suture, and at length spreading out into a perfectly
plane lamina. The leaflets are nearly all wanting, and the filiform naked petioles are rather
persistent. The root is perennial. The name has to be changed, on account of the Astragalus
macrocarpus of De Candolle.

Oxytropis Uratensis, DC. Prod. 2, p. 276; Hook. Fl. Bor.—Am. 1, p. 145. Sandia mount-
ains, New Mexico; October. In flower and fruit.

Oxytropis Lamperti, Pursh Fl. 2, p. 740. Rocky hills, of the Upper Canadian ; September.
Narrow-leaved and loosely-flowered forms. Pods slender and very minutely silky-puberulent ;
in one specimen of which the flowers are unknown, shorter and thicker, and strigose-hirsute.

Oxytroris sericea, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 339. Bluffs and rocky places, on the
Llano Estacado; September. There is scarce a doubt that this passes into O. Lamberti.

Kentropuyta montana, Nuit. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 353. Inscription Rock, New Mexico;

BOTANY. [81] 25

November 18, (in fruit.) K. viridis is hardly a distinct species, and the genus itself might be
reduced to a section of Astragalus.

Lupinus sparstFLorus, Benth. Pl. Hartw., p. 303. Gravelly hills, on the Colorado, western
New Mexico, February 26. A form with less hirsute leaves. Alsoa larger form, February 17.

Lupinus NaNus, Dougl.; Benth. in Hort. Trans., p. 459, t. 14, f. 2. Corte Madera, California;
April 12-15. Some of the specimens are a foot or more in height. Those with broader
eaflets accord with ‘‘L. nanus var, latifolius,’’ Benth. in Herb. Coulter. The flowers are
sometimes white.

Lupinus DenstrLorvus, Benth. in Hort. Trans. n. ser. 1, p. 409. LL. Menziesii, Agardh, Syn.
LIup., p. 2. Woods and shady places, Knight’s Ferry, on the Stanislaus river; May 7. Mr. Ben-
tham (in Pl. Hartweg p. 303) points out that Agardh has founded his lL. Menziesii upon the
Douglasian plant, which he had described as L. densiflorus. All confusion about the synonymy
may be avoided, however, for the two species, L. densiflorus and L. Menziesii, Ag., cannot be
kept distinct. Both have white flowers, (Agardh wrongly attributes yellow corollas to his L.
Menziesii, but his guess from the appearance in dried specimens is not correct in this, nor in
some other instances ;) and the longer bracts and very villous calyxes of Agardh’s L. densiflorus
are evidently not available for a specific distinction. Dr. Bigelow’s specimens, however, corre-
sponds in this respect with L. Menziesii. |

Lupinus Bicotor, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1109; Agardh, 1. ¢. p. 14. L. micranthus, Dougl. in Bot.
fteg. t. 1251; Torr. & Gray, l. c. Wet places, near San Francisco, April 8. Plains, near
San Gabriel ; March 23, E

Lupinus LeptopHyLiws, Benth. in Hort. Trans. 1. c. t. 14, f.2; Torr. & Gray,l.c. Hills and
rocky places, Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus river ; May 7.

Lupinus Latiroiius, Agardh,l. c. lL. cytisoides, Agardh, l. c.; Torr. & Gray, l. c. Corte
Madera, April 12; and hill-sides, Martinez, California; April 23. L. cytisoides was supposed by
Agardh to have yellow flowers, but he saw only dried specimens, and was very probably mistaken.

Lupinus rtvuLaris, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1595; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 377. Plains, near San
Gabriel, March 23. Rather more silky than the ordinary state of the plant. Except in the
entire calyx, it scarcely differs from L. Douglasii.

Luprvs LaxirLorus, Dougl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1140; Torr. & Gray, l. e. Hill-sides, Stanislaus
river, near Carson’s, May 14. We are doubtful about our determination of this plant, as the
calyx is not very decidedly gibbous.

Lupinus DEcuMBENS, Torr. var. ARGOPHYLLUS, Gray, Pl. Fendi. p. 37. Gravelly hills, near
San Antonita, New Mexico; October. L. laxiflorus, Dougl., probably passes into this species.

Lupinus aubtrrons, Benth. in Hort. Trans. 1, c. p. 410; Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1642; Torr. &
Gray, 1. c. Sand hills, on the sea-shore ; Punta de los Reyes; and near San Francisco. April
3-17. A fine shrubby species. ?

Lurrxus ornatus, Dougl. in Bot.. Reg. t. 1216; Agardh, 1. c. p. 28; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p.
378. Butte mountains, California; May 25.

Lupinus macorcarrus, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech., p.138. On sand hills, near the sea; Punta
de los Reyes, California; April 17. This species was discovered many years ago by Menzies, and
seems not to have been found again till Dr. Bigelow collected it in Whipple’s expedition. It
resembles L. arboreus (which Dr. Parry obtained near San Diego) in its shrubby stem and
large yellow flowers, but that species is minutely pubescent; this is very hirsute, and the leaves
are silky underneath. The petioles of both are shorter than the leaflets, and in our speci-
mens of L. macrocarpus the flowers are decidedly verticillate. We have not seen the pods.

THERMOPSIS MACROPHYLLA, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech., p. 329; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 388.
L, montana, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. c. Corte Madera, April 15. Leaflets often
broadly obovate. Nuttall’s T. montana can hardly be considered as more than a smoother
form of this plant, with usually narrower leaves. We have specimens that are intermediate
between the two. | ;

26 [82] BOTANY.

Sopnora spectosa, Benth. in Gray, Pl. Lindh. 3, p. 178. Dermatophyllum speciosnm, Scheele
in Linnea, 21, p. 459. Cactus Pass and White Cliff creek, New Mexico, January 29.

HEDYSARUM BOREALE, Nutt. Gen. 2, p. 110. With the preceding ; in flower and fruit.

Desmopium pauctrLoruM, DC. Prod. 2, p. 230. Creeks, on the Canadian river; August.

Desmopium cuspripatuM, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 360. Near Shawnee town; August.

Desmoprum Canavensg, DC.; Torr. & Gray, l. e. Wet places, on the Canadian ; September.
In fruit.

Desmopium pasicuLaTuM, DOC.; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Sandy soil, on the Canadian ; September.

LESPEDEZA VIOLACEA, Pers. On the Canadian ; August.

LEspEDEZA CAPITATA, Michx. Near Beavertown; August.

CERCIs OccIDENTALIS, Torr, in Gray, Pl. Lindh. 2, p.177. C. Siliquastrum, var. Benth; Pl.
Hartw., p. 307. Hill-sides, Robinson’s Ferry, Stanislaus river; May 14; with immature
fruit. This species has a very extensive range, being found from the upper Sacramento,
northern California, to the high lands near Saltillo, Mexico. ;

“Otneya Tesora, Gray, Pl. Thurb., p. 328. Arroyos, near Williams’ river of the Colorado,
western New Mexico; February 6. The specimens are in fruit only. Some of them are desti-
tute of prickles. .

PARKINSONIA MICROPHYLLA, Torr. Bot. of Mex. Boundary Survey, ined. Banks of the Colorado,
and on Williams’ river ; February 12-22; in fruit. A very distinct species with minute roundish
leaflets.

CeRcipIuM FLoRIDUM, Benth. in Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 58. In arroyos, near the Colorado.
February 11; in fruit. This is the Green Acacia of Major Emory’s report. It is a common
tree on the Gila; attaining the height of 25 or 30 feet.

Cassta Ramerrana, Scheele in Linnea, 21, p. 458. Hurrah creek, New Mexico; September.
In fruit.

Horrmanseaeta Jamestt, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 393; Torr. in Marcy's Rep. t. 4. Prairies
of the Canadian ; September.

Horrmansecata stricta, Benth. Var. pumissa, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 56. Dogtown pra-
ries, on the Llano Estacado ; September.

HorFMANSEGGIA DREPANOCARPA, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 58. Plains, near Hurrah creek, New
Mexico; September. In fruit.

STROMBOCARPA PUBESCENS, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 60. Prosopis (Strombocarpa) pubescens,
Benth. in Hook. Lond, Jour. Bot. 5, p. 82. -P. (Strombocarpa) Emoryi, Zorr. in Emory’s Rep.,
p. 139, Low sandy shore of the Colorado. Western New Mexico, (in fruit.) Prosopis odorata,
Torr, in Frém: Rep., p. 313, t. 1, is a var. of P. glandulosa, (in flower only,) with the pods of
Strombocarpa pubescens, The error arose from the mixing of specimens in Frémont’s collections.

ALGAROBIA GLANDULOSA, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 399. Plains, on the Canadian ; September.

ScuRaNkia unctnata, Willd.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 400. Prairies, near Deer creek,
Indian Territory; August.

DEsMANTHUS BRACHYLOBUS, Benth. in Hook Journ. Bot. Sand banks of the Canadian ; August.

CaLLIANDRA HUMILIS, Benth. in Lond. Journ. Bot. 5, p. 103; Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 53. ©.
herbacea, Englm. Gravelly hills, near Santa Antonita, New Mexico; October. In fruit.

ROSACEZE.

PRUNUS sUBCORDATA, Benth. Pl. Hartw., p. 308. Hills, Sonora, May 9; near Duffield’s Ranch,
Sierra Nevada, May 11, and hill-sides, near Middle Yuba, California; May 23. A shrub 2-6
feet high. Fruit small, with a thin pulp. The leaves are sometimes pubescent underneath.

Prunus Americana, Marsh. Ait.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 407.
Shawneetown, Indian Territory; August. In fruit. ae

Prunus Cutcasa, Michx, Fl. 1, p. 284. Banks of the Canadian, near Shawneetown; Au-
gust. With ripe fruit. : a

Banks of Bogg creek, near

BOTANY. [83] 27

Prunus eraciiis, Engelm. & Gray, Pl. Lindh. 1, p. 35. Prairies, Gains’ creek, Indian
Territory; August. In fruit. Cultivated under the name of Prairie Cherry. This appears
to belong to the Microcerasus ‘group.

Cerasus Viratntana, DC. Banks of the Pecos, and in caiions of the Llano Estacado ; Sep-
tember. Sandia mountains; October. In fruit.

Crrasus DeMIssa, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 411. Deep ravines, Sonora, California,
May 9; and Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada; May 12.

CrrAsUs EMARGINATA, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 1, p. 169; Torr. & Gray, Fl..1, p. 410.
Hill sides, near Downieville, California ; May 21. A small shrub, with numerous slender
branches. Flowers in short corymbose racemes. Leaves ? of an inch to an inch and a half
long, entire at the summit. Teeth of the calyx obtuse and reflexed.

Cerasus MrinutiFLoRA, Engelm. in Gray, Plant. Lindh. 2, p. 185, sub Pruno; Gray, Pl.
Wright. 2, p. 68. Williams’ fork of the Colorado, Western New Mexico. Fruit only.

Cerasus ticrrorta, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 411; & Sylv. 2, p. 16, t. 47; Hook.
& Arn. Bot. Beechey, p. 340, t. 83. Topographical Hill, near Williams’ fork of the Colorado.
With leaves only.

NUrrTatiiA ceRastForMIs, Torr. & Gray, in Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey, p. 336, t. 82 a Fi,
1, p. 413. Mountains, near Oakland; April 5, (in flower and young fruit,) and hill-sides,
Napa valley, California ; April 27, (with mature fruit.)

Sprrma opuntrota, Linn. Sp. 1, p. 489; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 418. Arroyos, in the
Sandia mountains, New Mexico, October. Banks of streams and hill-sides, Napa valley, etc.,
California ; April 27.

SPrR#a ARLEFOLIA, Smith in Rees, Cycl.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 416. Banks of streams,
Sonoma, California ; May 3.

Sprraa cazsprtosa, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 418; Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 40. Rocky
places, Pass of Mt. Hope, Western New Mexico; January 23. The wood of the stem has no
annual rings, even when several years old, and the medullary rays are as wide as the woody
wedges. |

Serra MILLeFortum (sp. nov.) : lanoso-tomentosa; foliis circumscriptione oblongo-lanceolatis
pianatis multijugis, pinnis pinnatisectis partitisve oblongo-linearibus cum foliolis minutissimis.
oblongis confertissimis ; floribus racemoso-paniculatis. (Tab. V.) Low hills and valleys, near
Williams’ mountain; January 5. A shrub, apparently 1-2 feet high. Leaves crowded on
short branches or spurs, scarcely an inch long; pinne oblong-linear, in 20 or more pairs ; the
upper ones sometimes confluent ; leaflets very numerous, about one-fourth of a line long, densely
tomentose, and of a somewhat fleshy texture. Stipules linear, minute, deciduous. Racemes in
a long and rather loose terminal panicle. Calyx turbinate; the teeth acute, erect, rather
longer than the tube. Petals orbicular-obovate, longer than the calyx. Stamens about 70;
the filaments distinct at the base, inserted into the margin of a disk, which is wholly adnate to
the tube of the calyx. Ovaries 5, distinct, at first woolly ; styles filiform; stigmas somewhat
capitate. Ovules 8-10, pendulous from the upper part of the ovary, narrowly oblong. Mature
carpels nearly glabrous, erect, 2-valved to the base. All the mature seeds had fallen, but the
immature ones were somewhat attenuated at each end. Although so very remarkable, this
appears to bea genuine Spirea, and to resemble more the Euspirea than any other of the
admitted sections of the genus. The leaflets are almost as small and crowded as in Chamebatia.
The specimens collected by Dr. Bigelow seem to have the persistent inflorescence and fruit of
the preceding autumn, and the young leaves of the new year. Many of the flowers exhibited
the withered petals, and there were a few imperfect undeveloped buds.

CrRcocARPUS PARVIFOLIUS, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 427; Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 41; Hook.
Ie. Pl. ¢. 323. Hills on the Llano Estacado; also sandy hills, Cahon Pass and Cocomungo,
April 16-17 ; hills and ravines, Sonora, California; May 9. A shrub about 10 feet high. ©.
betulaefolius seems to pass into this species.

28 [84] BOTANY.

Cuammpatia Fottorosa, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 308; Torr. Pl. Frémont., p. 11, t. 6. Hill-sides
and ravines, Sonora; May 9.

Cowanta Mexicana, Don in Linn. Trans. 14, p. 574, t.°22; Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 55.
Mountains near the Zuni river. In leaf only.

Cowanta Sranspurrana, Zorr..in Stansb. Rep., p. 386, t. 3. Ojo Piscado; November 19.
San Francisco mountain, and Lithodendron creek, New Mexico; December. Although very
near C. Mexicana it seems to retain its characters.

Acana TriripaA, Ruiz & Pav. Fl. Peruv. 1, p. 67, t. 104. A pinnatifida, Hook. & Arn.
Bot. Beechey, p. 339; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 430, non Ruiz & Pav. San Geronimo Ranch;
April 12.

ApENosToMa FasctcuLaTa, Hook. d& Arn. Bot. Beechey, p. 139 d& 338, t. 30; Torr. & Gray,
Fl. 1, p. 430. Sandy hills near Cajon Pass, March 16, (with the fruit of the preceding year.)
Hill-sides, near Ion valley ; May 18.

ALCHEMILLA ARVENSIS, Scop. Fl. Carn. 1, p. 115; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 432. A. occiden-
talis and A. cuneifolia, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl.l.c. Hill-sides, Benicia, April 24. Low
places near San Francisco, April 8. We find the characters of this species to be quite variable,
so as to include the two species of Nuttall.

Fautueta PARADOXA, Torr. in Emory’s Rep. 2. Cations of the Pecos, New Mexico; September.

Horxettra capitata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub fol. 1997; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 434. San Gabriel,
California; March 21. In Dr. Bigelow’s specimens, as also in those collected at Los Angeles by
Mr. Wallace, the petals are quite as long as the calyx. Agrees pretty well with our Douglasian
specimen, except that the cymes are not capitate ; but in most of the species of this genus the
inflorescence is at first dense, and unfolds with age.

HorkewtA Fusca, Lindl. Bot. Reg.t. 1997. Var. TENUILOBA: canescenti-villoso; foliolis 25-30,
latissime-cuneatis profunde-palmitifidis; laciniis anguste-linearibus ; cymis laxiusculis; bracteolis
calycis dentibus subeequalibus; petalis cuneatis, apice bilobis. Lagnna of Santa Rosa creek,
California; May 1. Radical leaves 4-6 inches long, mostly villous with greyish hairs; leaflets
less than half an inch long, palmately 5-7-cleft; the segments scarcely half a line wide; cauline
leaves with a much smaller number of leaflets, with 3-4 segments. Stem about a foot high.
Cyme somewhat open when the inflorescence is fully developed. Flowers about as large as in
H. parviflora, Proper segments of the calyx triangular-lanceolate; the bracteoles narrowly
lanceolate. Petals white, narrowly cuneiform, deeply notched at the summit.

HORKELIA TRIDENTATA (sp. nov.): subsericeo-villosa; caulibus patenti-diffusis; foliolis 7-11
oblongo vel obovato-cuneatis apice plerumque tridentatis; stipulis profunde laciniatis; cymis
densifloris; bracteolis calycis segmentis brevioribus et angustioribus; petalis obovato-spathulatis,
(Tab. VI.) Wet ravines, Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada; May 10; and hill-sides, Mammoth
Grove, California; May 15. A span or more in height. Leaflets of the radical leaves 9-11,
about half an inch long, almost uniformly 3-toothed at the apex, the intermediate tooth often
smaller, otherwise entire; those of the cauline leaves (5-7) narrower. Petals at first nar-
rowly spatulate, but broader when fully expanded. Somewhat resembling H. parviflora; the
flowers being quite as small as in that species.

PorenTmLLA PENNsYLVANICA, var. Hipprana, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 438. Sandia mountains,
New Mexico; October; in fruit. Some of the specimens nearly accord with P. diffusa, Gray,
Pl. Fendl. p. 41, which Prof. Lehmann, the learned monographer of the genus, has no doubt cor-
rectly arranged asa variety of his P. Hippiana, viewed by him as distinct from P. Pennsylvanica.

PorentibLa ANSERINA, Linn. Sp. 1, p. 495; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 444. Wet places, San
Domingo, New Mexico; October. Near San Francisco, California ; April 3.

PoTENTILLA RIVALIS, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl.l.c. Wet places near San Francisco, April 8.
a LANDULOSA, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1583; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 446. Mountains

near Oakland, California; April 4.

BOTANY. [85] 29

Fragarta vesca, Linn.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 448. San Antonita, New Mexico, October.
Ravines on the Yuba, near Downieville, May 22, and mountains near Oakland, California;
April 5.

Fraearta Curensis, Khrh.; Torr. & Gray, l.c. Near San Francisco; April 3.

“Rusus Nurkanus, Mogino; Lénill Bot. Reg. t. 1368; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 450. Corte
Madera, California, April 10.

Rusvs virrrotius, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, 2, p.10? Near San Francisco; April 3.

Stems long and apparently prostrate. Leaves (of flowering specimens) about an inch and a
half in length and breadth, strongly 3-lobed, a little pubescent ou both surfaces when young.
Flowers smaller than the species is described to have, Sepals ovate-lanceolate, with a long
subulate (not foliaceous) point. Petals white, a little longgr than the calyx.
_ Rusus tevcopermis, Dougl.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 454? Leroux’s spring, foot of San Fran-
cisco mountain, New Mexico; December. Prickles numerous, slender, short and somewhat re-
curved. Leaves mostly pinnately 5-foliolate, very white underneath, much smaller than usual.
Peduncles 5—6-flowered. The specimens are imperfect, the plant having been gathered late in
the season.

Rusvus urstnus, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, 2, p.11; Torr. & Gray, l. e. BR. Menziesii, ©
Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. 1 p. 141; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 140. Ravines and low grounds
near Punta de los Reyes; April 17. A showy species, with large red flowers. The obovate
petals are 7 or 8 lines long, much larger than they are said to be by Chamisso and Schlecthendal,
who do not mention the color, and whose description of the species applies better to what we
take for a state of R. macropetalus than to this plant.

Rusus MAcropetatus, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1, p. 178, t.59; Torr. & Gray, l. c.

-Cocomungo, California; March 18. The main stems are often prostrate, throwing up short
erect branches. The leaves are mostly trifoliolate, except the uppermost ones, which are some-
times simple and 3-lobed. All the specimens seem to have perfect flowers. .

Rusvs rrivrais, Michx. Fl. 1, p. 296. Low places near Mark West’s creek, California ; April
30. Petals elliptical-lanceolate, nearly twice the length of the sepals. Leaves all trifoliolate ;
leaflets rhombic-oblong. Perhaps only a state of R. macropetalus.

Rosa Fourorosa, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 460. Upper Canadian river, and in the
Sandia mountains ; September—October. In fruit. °

Rosa a@ymnocarpa, Wutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl.1, p.461. Near Bolinas, April 19; wet ravines,
Grass valley, May 20, (in flower) ; also mountains near Oakland ; April 5, (with the fruit of the
preceding season). A very neat slender species. The leaflets vary from less than half an inch
to three-fourths of an inch long. The flowers are scarcely an inch in diameter.

Rosa BLANDA, Ait. Kew. (ed. 1,) p. 202; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 459. BR. fraxinifolia, Bork. ;
Torr. & Gray, l.c. R. Californica, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea, 2, p. 35. R. Woo ini,
Lindl; Torr. & Gray,l.c. Knight’s ferry, Stanislaus river, May 7; Grass valley, May 19;
low places, Mark West’s creek, California ; April 30 (with fruit of the prodediniy season. ) This
is a variable species, including, as we think, all those quoted above.

Pyrus rivunaris, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1. p. 203, t. 68; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p.
71; Nutt. Sylv. 2. p. 22. t. 49. Santa Rosa creek, California ; May 1.

Puormnta ARBUTIFOLIA, Lindl. in Linn. Trans. 13. p. 103, e Bot. Reg. t. 491; Torr. & Gray»
Fl. 1, p. 473; Cajon Puss, March 16, (with unexpanded flowers. ) Martinez, April 23, (Young
fruit .) Mark West’ s creek, Catifornin and April 30 (mature fruit).

AMELANCHIER CANADENSIS, var. ALNIFOLIA, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 473. Near Punta de los
Reys, April17. Hill sides, Nevada, May 20. Hills near Williams’ fork of the Great Colorado.
Another form of this species was found on the middle Yuba. It has ovate or obovate leaves,
which are often nearly entire, or with only a few serratures at the summit. The racemes are
6-8-flowered, and the peduncles as well as the segments of the calyx are woolly.

30 [86] BOTANY.

Crataeus coccinea, Linn. Var. vrripis, Zorr. & Groy;*: c. In the Sandia mountains, New
Mexico; October. With ripe fruit.

CraTzHeus suBvILLosA, Schrad. Hort. Gott. C. coccinea, var. mollis, Torr. & Gray, 1. c.
Shawnee villages on the Canadian River; August. In the great size of the fruit, no less than
in the foliage, this differs from C. coccinea.

CALYCANTHACEA.

Catycantuus occrpentatts, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey, p. 340, t. 84; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p.
476; Bot. Mag. t. 4808. Deep ravines, Napa Valley, California ; (ith old fruit).

LYTHRACEA.

AMMANNIA LATIFOLIA, Linn.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 480. Near Beavertown, on the Cana-
dian River, in low places ; August.

ONAGRACEZ.

Epriopium cororatuM, Muhl. Wet places, near San Domingo, New Mexico; October.

EpriopiuM patustre, Linn. In a spring, on the Upper Canadian ; September.

EPILopiuM TETRAGONUM, Linn. ; Fook. Fl. Bor.—Am. 1, p. 206. Corte Madera, California ;
April 20. Near San Francised Dr. Bigelow also gathered, early in April, specimens of an
Epilobium, with purple flowers as large as those of E. seca inten or H. parviflorum, but too
young for satisfactory determination.

Epriosrum minutum, Lindl. in Hook. 1. c.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 490. Hill sides, Napa
valley ; April 24. Knight’ s Ferry on the Stanidlaus river; May.

oT gamestt, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 493. Comanche Plains, etc., New Mexico; Sep-

(ENoTHERA coronopiroiia, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Laguna Blanca, New Mexico; September.
The corolla is sulphur color in the dried specimens: it was probably white in the living plant.

CENorHERA aLBicauLis, Nutt.; Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 69. One of the cinereous zametien
with leaves toothed at the base. Sandy bottoms of the Upper Canadian ; September.

CENoTHERA speciosa, Nuté.; Torr. & Gray, l. c. Near Shawneetown ead Beaverstown, on the
Canadian river; Augest.

CENOTHERA MISSOURIENSIS, Sims. Naked prairies of the Upper Canadian. The sragete and
broader-leaved form. Var. 1ncana. False Washita and Comanche Plains ; neReabss:

CENOTHERA SERRULATA, Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 246. Walnut Creek, etc. ; ‘Acipaist:

CivorHera Leprpa, Lindl, Bot. Reg. t. 1849. Plains near Stockton and Knight’s Ferry,
California ; May 7.
_ Qinornera viminea, Dougl. in Bot. Mag. t. 2873. Hill-sides and plains, Knight’s Ferry ; ;
May 8.. Var.? parvirtorA, Hook. & Arn. Napa valley, May 5.

CENOTHERA TENELLA, var. TENULFOLIA, Lindl. ; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 342. Hill-sides,
Knight’s Ferry, California ; May 7.*

CENOTHERA DENSIFLORA, Lindl. te Reg. t. 1593. Knight’ s Ferry, Beanialaga river ; in dry.
ravines and on plains; May 8.

CENOTHERA CLAVEFORMIS, Torr. in F'rém, 2d Itep. p. 314. Mohave Creek; March 2. Rocky
arroyos of the Colorado ; Feb. 22. The petals barely equal the stamens, (2 or 3 lines long,)
and the style is soon seach exserted. The corolla would seem to be whitish; but specimens
gathered at the foot of the Sierra Nevada, by Lieut. Beckwith, (Beckwith’s Kae p- 115,) are
plainly yellow-flowered. The following is a third and very Salad species of the same group,
(Chylismia of Nuttall,) connecting it with Spheerostigma.
8 (Rbiloba, Durand, Pl. Pratten. Calif. in Jour, Acad. Philad. 1855, (the same as Hartweg’s, No. 1,728,) appears to bea
well-marked species. The petals vary, however, in the degree in which they are obcordate or two-iobed. In specimens
raised by Dr. Short, from seeds collected in California by Dr. Dayton,.the petals (‘‘ delicate rose-color, changing to violet’’)
are nearly two-cleft.—Gray, Mss.

BOTANY. | [87] 31

CENOTHERA (CHYLISMIA) BREVIPES (sp. nov.): villoso-hirsuta vel glabra ; caule simplici (3-9 pol-
licari) inferne foliato; foliis lyrato-pinnatisectis, segmentis denticulatis, lateralibus parvis irregu-
laribus nunc obsoletis, terminali maximo ovato vel subcordato; petalis calyce staminibusque duplo
longioribus, capsula longe lineari tubum calycis et pedicellum multoties excedente. Gravelly
hills on and near the Colorado; February 17 and 20. We have seen an imperfect specimen of
this plant in a small collection made on the Gila, etc., by A. B. Gray, Esq., surveyor, in the
possession of Mr. George Thurber. The stem is pretty stout, much thicker than that of O.
scapoidea and the nearly related O. claveeformis; and the flowers are very much larger, the
light yellow petals being from half an inch to an inch in length; they are rounded, obovate,
and entire. The pedicels are about as long as the bracts, varying from 1 to 5 lines in length,
while the ovary is usually an inch long. The latter, like the limb of the calyx, is very villous
in some specimens, and sparingly so or entirely glabrous in others. Ripe pods arcuate ascend-
ing, about an inch anda halflong. Veins of the leaves often purplish beneath, as in O. clave-
formis. The raceme is nodding at the undeveloped summit, and scorpioid, as in the related
species.—Gray, Mss.

(inornera ovata, Nutt. in Torr Gray, Fl. 1, p. 507. San Francisco, and on mountains
near Oakland ; April 3 and 4.

CENOTHERA GRACILIFLORA, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech., p. 341; Hook. Ic. t. 338. San Gabriel,
California ; March 23. .

CENOTHERA DENTATA, Cav.?; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 510. Gravelly hills near the Great
Colorado; February 17. Knight's ferry, on the Stanislaus ; May; a much branched and larger
flowered variety.

CENoTHERA sTRIGULOSA, Torr. §° Gray, 1. c. Cocomungo ; March 8, and San Francisco ; April 8.

CENOTHERA CHEIRANTHIFOLIA, Hornem. ; Torr. & Gray, l.c. San Francisco; April 8.

' CENoTHERA virIpEscENS, Hook. Fl. os —Am. 1, p. 214. Seashore at Pitts de los Reyes,
California ; April 17.

Givorarrcir Norra, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 514. Hillsides on the Yuba, near Downie-
ville; May 22.

EvcHARIDIUM concINNUM, Fischer & Meyer ; Lindl. Bot. Reg., t. 1962. Bolinas bay, California;
April 19. Also, a specimen collected by Dr. Andrews; the habitat not recorded. This plant
rarely occurs in Californian collections,

CLARKIA ELEGANS, Lindl. Bot. Regq., “#1875. Also, C. unguiculata, Lindl.? Hillsides,
Knight’s ferry ; May 7-8.

Lupwieta NATANS, Hill. Sk. 1, p. 581. Beavertown on the Canadian in wet places ; August.

SrenosipHon vireatus, Spach. Monogr. Onagr., p. 64. Rocky prairies on the Canadian ;
August.

cians PARVIFLORA, Dougl. in } Hook. Fl. Bor—.Am. 1, p. 208. Sand banks of the Canadian ;
August.

GAURA BIENNIS, Linn. 8. prrcuert, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 517. Near Beaverstown, Indian
Territory ; August. San Domingo; October.

Gaura vittosa, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New York, 2, p. 200. Prairies and hills on the Upper
Canadian ; September.

GavRa coccinza, Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 249. Prairie hills on the Canadian ; September.

GAURA HETERANDRA (sp. nov.): glabella, annua; caule ramoso ; foliie membranaceis ovato-
lanceolatis summis anguste lanceolatis acuminatis schalalien 3 ; Spicis paniculatis laxis; floribus
tetrameris parvis, inferioribus folioso-bracteatis; tubo calycis infundibuliformi lobis dimidio bre-
vioribus ; petalis obovato-spathulatis conformibus ; staminibus 8, alternis brevioribus fere anan-
_ theris, 4 longioribus antheris cordato-rotundis ; stigmate integro ; fructu brevissime pedicellato
oboyato gibboso 3-4-loculari. River banks, Mokelumne Hill, California; May 17. Stem a foot or
more in height, erect, paniculately branched above; the branches, etc., slightly puberulent,
Cauline leaves two inches in length, and with a slender petiole of half or two-thirds of an inch

32 [88] BOTANY.

in length, those of the branches smaller and narrower ; all thin, entire, or obscurely repand,
loosely feather-veined. Flowers apparently purple, small, the lobes of the calyx and the petals
about two lines long. Stamens apparently not declined ; the four longer ones equaling the
petals, and with very short basi-fixed anthers; the alternate ones (opposite the petals) much
_ Shorter, and with the anthers abortive. Style long; stigma hemispherical, entire, or nearly so.
Fruit globular-obovate, gibbous, obscurely ribbed, a line and a half long, indehiscent. This is
the only Gaura yet known from California, and a very peculiar one, but apparently of this peeaes
notwithstanding the abortive shorter stamens and the short anthers of the others.
IPPURIS VULGARIS, Linn. Spec. 1, p. 4. Ponds near Tomales bay, California; April 19.

_ GROSSULACEA.

Riess Catrrornioum, Hook. & Arn., R. Californicum, occidentale, and subvestitum, Hook. &
Arn. Bot, Beech., p. 346; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 545, 548. Dr. Bigelow’s specimens, with
others, collated with thowe of Douglas, plainly show that the three above waniionet nominal
species must be reduced to one, which should stand next to R. Menziesii, (the anthers of which
are slightly mucromate,) and for which the name of R. Californicum is to be preferred. The
subaxillary spines are sometimes solitary, geminate and ternate on the same branch; the
branches are setose or naked on otherwise similar plants ; the foliage is either glabrous, aban:
dular-pubescent beneath, or simply pubescent, and either moderately or deeply lobed and incised ;
the flowers in all are reddish or purple; the ovary, etc., more or ‘less strongly glandular oi
setose, and with or without a soft or hirsute pubescence. R. Californicum was founded on a
small-leaved and smaller-flowered state of the species. R. subvestitum on a larger-leaved and
large-flowered form. Dr. Bigelow’s ‘collection comprises the following: 1, From rocky ravines,
Cajon Pass ; March 16: the R. subvestitum, Hook. & Arn., except that the branchlets are not
setose, and the pubescence of the leavés scarcely glandular. ey Mammoth Grove, on the pros-
trate trunk of a huge Sequoia gigantea ; May 11: similar to the preceding, but the leaves more
cleft, and the calyx-tube more pubescent.—3. Mountains near San Gabriel; March 28: like No. 1,
but more glabrous leaves, glandular-dotted beneath.—4. Duftield’s eg Sierra Nevada, sith
young fruit, which is large, hairy, and prickly.—5. Grass valley ; May 20, with young fruit :
the same, with glabrous leaves.—6. Duffield’s Ranch, on hillsides, and near San Francisco;
forms with the foliage and calyx, etc., perfectly glabrous ; ; the fruit glandular and prickly.
This answers to R. occidentale, but the subaxillary spines are often in pairs, threes, or fives. It
is the same as Hartweg’s No. 1736.—Gray, Mss.

Rugs pivaricatuM, Dougl. in Hort. Trans. 7., p. 515; Torr. & eae & c. ; San Francisco ;
April 3. This accords entir2ly with the Californian plant of Douglas’s collection, except that
the racemes are 4-5-flowered. Nuttall’s R. villosum is merely a pubescent form of i it.

Rises eLutinosum, Benth. in Hort. Trans. n..ser. 1, p. 476; San Francisco; April 3. Duf-
field’s Ranch ; May 12. Also, at Mammoth Grove, on the prostrate trunk of a huge Sequoia,
at the height af twenty feet frou the ground.

Ripes MALvAcEUM, Smith ; DC. Prod. 3, p. 383; Torr. & Gray, l.c. Cajon Pass; March 16.
San Francisco ; April 28.

Rises avreum, Pursh, Fl. 1, p. “164, Var. R. tenuiflora, Lindl. Bot. Reg.,t. 1,274. Rocky
hills on the upper Canadian river. Plains near San Gabriel, California; March 23, in flower.

Rises LePTantaum, Gray, Pl. Fendl., p, 53. Laguna Blanca, New Mexico, in rocky places
at the foot of mountains ; September

RIBEs OXYACANTHOIDES, jae ? Rocky hills near Bip Domingo, New Mexico ; October, without
flowers or fruit.

: - CUCURBITACER,
-Matorurta penputa, Linn. On the Canadian River and Deer creek ; August.

BOTANY, [89] 33

CYcLANTHERA Dissecta, Arn. in Hook., Jour. Bot. 3, p. 280. Banks of the False Washita ;
August.

CucuRBITA PERENNIS, Gray, Pl. Lindh. 2, p. 193. Cucumis perennis, James. Camanche
plains, on the banks of streams ; September.

LOASACEA,

Evenrpe Lozata, Gray, Pl, Lindh. 2, p. 192. Rocky ravines of the Colorado, near the con-
fluence of Williams’ River, in western New Mexico. The Specimens were winter vestiges, with
good fruit of the preceding season.

MENTZELIA ALBICAULIS, Zorr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 534. Bartonia albicaulis, Hook. Fl. Bor.-
Amer. 1, p, 222. Mohave creek, California ; March 2.

Menvzeu1a Linpteyr, Yorr. & Gray, l.c. Gravelly hills along the Great Colorado; Febru-
ary 20.

MENTZELIA OLIGOSPERMA, Nutt. in Bot. Mag. t. 1760. Rocky hills on the False Washita, etc. ;
August. :

Mentzexia (Bartontra) nupa, Nutt. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 534. On Elm creek and the
False Washita; August. Denuded plains of the Upper Canadian ; September.

Mentzetta (Bartonra) MuLtiFLora, Nutt, Pl. Gamb. p. 180; Gray, Pl. Wright. p. 74. Rocky
caiions, from the Llano Estacado to Galisteo, New Mexico; October.

CRASSULACE.

Sepum Wricuin, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 76. Sandia mountains, New Mexico; October.
A dwarf and condensed state. je

SepuM spaTHuLIFoLIuM, Hook. Fl, Bor.-Amer. 1, p. 227; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 659. Hill-
sides and rocky places, Napa valley, California; May 5. Stems ascending, simple, or sparingly
branched, throwing off from the base prostrate sterile runners or offsets, which bear a rosulate
tuft of leaves at the extremity, and strike root.

EcuHeverta LANcEOLATA, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 561. Rocks and hill-sides, Sonoma,
and Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus river, California; May 3-9. The leaves vary in form, from
lanceolate to obovate. The pedicels are from one-third to more than half the length of the
flower. .

SAXIFRAGACEA.

Saxirraca VireINiensis, Miche. Fl. 1, p. 269; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 571; Benth. Pl.
Hartw. p. 311. Mountains near Oakland, California. The leaves are less toothed, and the
petals broader than in the eastern plant, but in other respects there is little difference. Dr.
Bigelow collected in Napa valley (May 5) an unusual state of this species, with large, thin,
nearly entire glabrous leaves, and a very loose sparsely-flowered panicle; characters which
may be owing to the plant having grown in a moist shady place.

Saxrrra@a rnteeRIFoLtA, Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 1, p. 249, t. 86: var. foliis oblongo-lanceolatis,
basi angustatis; cymis in paniculam elongatam sub-contractam dispositis; floribus brevi-
pedicellatis ; calycis segmentis oblongis recurvis; petalis lineari—lanceolatis, obtusis, Swamps
near Santa Rosa, California; May 3. > 24-30 inches high ; leaves 2-3 inches long ; corolla
apparently white. This variety has a strong resemblance to S. Pennsylvanica. The panicle
remains contracted even in fruit.

HEvCHERA MIcRANTHA, Dougl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1302; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 579. Rocky
ravines, Yuba, near Downieville, May 22; and shady hill-sides, Napa valley, California; May 5.
The solitary specimen from the latter locality is leafy to the summit, and more hairy than is
usual in this species. This accords with Hartweg’s No. 1742, but it can hardly be H. pilosis-
sima of Fischer and Meyer.

5

34 [90] BOTANY.

LiTHopHRAGMA WETEROPHYLLA, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 846; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p.
585. Hill-sides, near Napa, California; April 26. A smaller form occurs on the mountains
near Oakland.

TELLIMA GRANDIFLORA, Dougl.; Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1178; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 583. Head
of Tomales bay, and Redwoods, California; April 12—17. In the dried specimens from Tomales
bay the petals are bright crimson. We have not received this plant before, except from Oregon.

PurILaDELPuus Catirornicus, Benth. Pl. Hartw., p. 309. Ravines, Mokelumne Hill, May 17,
(flowers unexpanded.) Frémont collected fine specimens of this plant on the rocky banks of
the American river; June 14, 1846. It grows from 8 to 12 feet high. We fear it is scarcely
distinct from P. Lewisii.

Puitape.puus Lewisit, Pursh, Fl. 1, p. 29. Var. parviroutus: foliis ovato-oblongis utrin-
que a‘atis remote denticulatis margine ciliolatis czteris glabriusculis; thyrso pedunculato,
muitifloro. Hill-sides, Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada; May 12. The specimens are without

- flowers, but bear the fruit of the last season. It is therefore uncertain whether the inflorescence
was naked, as the leaves of the preceding year had fallen. The leaves are scarcely an inch
long, and the thyrsus is 6—12-flowered.

JamesIA Americana, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 593; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 55. Arroyos in the
Sandia Mountains, New Mexico; October. In fruit.

Fenpiera Rupicota, Engelm. & Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. T7, t. 5. Cations of the Pecos,
New Mexico ; September.

cae _ WHIPPLEA, Nov. Gen.

Flores hermaphroditi. Calyx 5-6- fidus, tubo brevissimo turbinato cum ovarii basi connato,
segmentis oblongo-lanceolatis estivatione valvatis? Petala 5-6, perigyna, rhomboideo-ovata,
basi angusta subunguiculata, estivatione imbricata? marginibus involutis, decidua. Stamina
10 vel 12, cum petalis inserta, iisdem opposita et alterna, ea sepalis anteposita breviora: fila-
menta subulata: antherz didymz, subintrorse, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovarium quadri-
loculare, quadriovulatum: styli discreti, ovario subsequilong¢, subulato-lineares, intus plani
longitrorsum stigmatosi. Ovulum in quoque loculo solitarium, suspensum, anatropum. Cap-
sula! 4—5-cocca, parva, basi calygis tubo accreta, coccis coriaceis; intus dehiscentibus. Semen
pendulum, Embryo minutus, in apice albuminis, rectus; radicula supera. Suffrutex—Cali-
fornicus, sarmentosus ; foliis oppositis membranaceis deciduis ovatis trinervatis paucidentatis ;
stipulis nullis; pedunculis gracilibus terminalibus racemum parvum confertum gerentibus;
floribus parvis albis.

Wurrptea Mopssta, (Tab. VII.) Red-woods, California; April12. A slender, nearly simple or
moderately branching under-shrub, about a foot long, sparsely clothed with strigose scabrous hairs.
Leaves on very short petioles, about an inch long, membranaceous, obtuse, 2—3-toothed on each
margin, green on both sides, 3-nerved from the base, softly strigose-pubescent ; the hairs of the
upper surface arising from a slightly tuberculate base. Peduncles terminal, 1-2 inches long:
raceme 6-12-flowered, the flowers mostly opposite; pedicels about 2 lines long, spreading,
Calyx whitish, the tube pubescent ; segments lanceolate, rather acute, one-nerved, erect, Petals
exceeding the sepals, about a line and a half long, slightly imbricated, the margin involute in
the bud. Stamens twice as many as the petals, (very rarely 4,) in a double series: filaments
subulate, flat, inserted with the petals at the base of the free portion of the calyx: anthers
didymous, the cells roundish, opening on the margin from the summit to the base ; pollen ex-
tremely minute, globose. Ovary ovate-globose, the base adherent to the tube of the calyx ;
styles (rarely 3) linear, flat, slightly united at the base, the upper half stigmatose on the inside.
Ovules large for the size of the ovary, suspended from the inner angle of the cell at the summit,

* From Dr. T. L. Andrews, lately of California, we have received, just in time for this publication, the Whipplea with
- Mearly ripe fruit.

BOTANY. [91] 35

furnished with a small caruncle at the micropyle. Fruit subglobose, about a line and a hal;
in diameter. There can be little doubt of the affinities of this interesting plant. Notwith-
standing some of its anomalies, it must be referred to the suborder Hydrangee of Saxifragacem.
In Eremosyne of Saxifragez proper the cells of the ovary are one ovuled ; also in Aphanopetalum,
and in the new genus Spirwanthemum! of the suborder Cunoniaceew. The hairs, especially
those of the leaves, exhibit the same muricate-scabrous appearance that occurs in those of
Deutzia, Philadelphus, Fendlera, and other genera of Hydrangew. It is somewhat difficult to
determine the xstivation of the petals of this genus, as the flower is open while the bud is yet
very young ; but in one or two instances they were slightly overlapping. We dedicate this new
genus to the accomplished commander of the expedition.

UMBELLIFERA.

Eryneium pirrusum, Zorr. in Ann. Lyc. New York, 2, p. 207, & in Marcy’s Report, t. 6.
Prairies on the False Washita; August. The root appears to be annual, —

SANICULA BIPINNATA, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey, p, 347; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 603. Hill-
sides, Martinez, California, April 23, (with mature fruit.) The heads or umbellets are about
3 lines in diameter, on long slender rays. Pedicels of the sterile flowers shorter than the fruit.
Root fusiform.

SANICULA BIPINNATIFIDA, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1, p. 258, t. 92; Torr. & Gray,
Fl. 1. c. Cocomungo, San Francisco and Benicia; March and April. This is rather a com-
mon plant in California and Oregon.

“SANICULA TUBEROSA (sp. nov.): caule gracili e tuber€globoso ; foliis pinnatisectis, segmentis
angustis pinnatifidis inciso serratis vel dentatis ; foliolis involucralibus profunde trifidis, laciniis
plerumque dentatis ; floribus sterilibus longe pedicellatis ; calycis tubo tuberculato. Hill-sides,
Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada; April—May. Tuber half an inch in diameter, fleshy and
farinaceous. Stem (fructiferous) 12-14 inches high, moderately branching. The primary
- divisions of the leaves are rather ternate than pinnate. The secondary ones are pinnately and
deeply cut, with pinnatifid or sometimes finely dissected segments. Umbels compound, or
sometimes decompound ; the rays seldom more than two, unequal. Heads nearly half an inch
in diameter. Sterile flowers 15-20, on pedicels 3-4 lines long. Fertile flowers 1-5, sessile.
Calyx-tube in fruit covered with conical obtuse tubercles, which are not at all hooked at the point.
Teeth of the calyx lanceolate. Styles elongated, recurved. This remarkable species was first
collected by Colonel Frémont in 1844 on the American river, and afterwards on the upper
waters of the Sacramento, but without fruit. The specimens of Dr. Bigelow have the fruit not
quite mature, but fully formed, and yet without any appearance of prickles; instead of which
there are rather soft tubercles. In all the other North American species of Sanicula the calyx-
tube, in its youngest state, shows the uncinate prickles distinctly. Our plant most resembles
8. bipinnata, but is distinguisued by its long-stalked sterile flowers and unarmed fruit.

Sanrcuna Msnzresit, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech., p. 142 & 347 ; Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 1,
p. 258, #. 90; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. ¢. Hill-sides, San Francisco and Martinez, April; in

wer and fruit.
grr tacmntata, Hook. & Arn. 1. c.; Torr. & Gray, no. Be nudicaulis, Hook. & Arn. 1. ¢.;
Torr. & Gray, l. c. Hill-sides, Napa valley, California; April 27, with flower and young
fruit. §. nudicaulis can hardly be regarded as more than a variety of S. laciniata; the chief
difference being the less finely cut leaves of the latter.

Santcuna ARcToPoIDES, Hook. & Arn. 1. ¢.; Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 1, p. 258. t. 91; Torr. &

ray, l.c. San Francisco, April 3. |
" Peet GRAVEOLENS, Linn. ; DC. Prodr. 4, p. 101; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey, p. 142. The

1 Gray, Botany of the United States Exploring Expedition, 1, p. 666.

36 [92] BOTANY.

label of this plant got misplaced, but we suppose the specimens were collected near the coast.
They agree with others found near San Luis Rey, California, by Dr. Parry.

Bervta ANeustiFoLiA, Koch ; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 55, and Pl. Wright. 2, p. 65. In water,
near San Domingo, New Mexico; October. In fruit.

Cymoprervs MoNTANUS, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 624; Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 56.
William’s river, New Mexico; January 26, (scarcely in full flower.) Called by the Mexicans
Gamote or Camote. The root is about as thick as a man’s thumb, and seems to be farinaceous.

PERUCEDANUM LEIocARPUM, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 626. Seseli leiocarpum, Hook. F7.
Bor.-Amer. 1, p. 262, t. 93. Hill-sides, Napa, California, April 25; in flower. The segments
of the leaves are broader than in the Oregon plant; so that we suspect P. latifolium may be
only a variety of this species.

PEUCEDANUM NUDICAULE, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl.t.e. Ferula Nuttallii, DC. Prodr. 4, p.
173, £? ellipticum, Zorr. & Gray, in Beckwith’s Rep. Hill-sides, Sonoma, May 3; (with
flowers and immature fruit), and Feather river, near Marysville, California; with mature fruit.
The fruit is so much longer and narrower in proportion than in the normal form of P. nudi-
cuale that we would have described this plant as a distinct species, were there other marks
of difference ; which, however, we have not been able to find. Besides, in other species of this
genus there is considerable variation in the form and size of the fruit. : :

PrvcepANuM toMENTOsUM, Benth. Pl. Hartw., p. 312, Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus river,
May 7; with immature fruit; and Corte Madera, California, on hills. We have a strong
suspicion that this species, P. dasyearpon, macrocarpon, and feeniculaceum (at least the western
plant) are not distinct. We have many intermediate forms that appear to connect them; but
are unwilling, at present, to unite them.

Prucepanum pDasycarpum, Torr, & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 628. Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus river,
May 7; with immature fruit. Peduncles 15 inches long. Ultimate segments of the leaves
narrowly linear. Fruit (not mature) elliptical-obovate, very woolly. Segments of the invo-
lucels lanceolate. Perhaps not sufficiently distinct from P. fceniculaceum. The number of
North American species of this genus will doubtless be reduced when they are carefully studied
with more ample materials than we now possess. Se

-PrucepanuM caruirouium, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. c. Ferula caruifolia, Hook. & Arn. Bot.
Beech. p. 348. Mark West’s creek, Napa valley, and on hill-sides, near Sonoma, California,
April—May. The specimens are much larger than the original ones of Douglas and Nuttall, -
being about a foot and a half high. This is pretty certainly P. marginatum, Benth. Pl. Hartw.
p. 312, No. 1752 ; and we suspect that it is also P. abrotantifolium, Nutt. Pl. Gambel.

PEUcEDANUM UTRIcULATUM, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, l. c. Hill-sides, Martinez; mountains
near Oakland ; Mark West’s creek, and Cocomungo, California; March—April.

Leprorznta? Cauirornica, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 630. Hills, near Tokeloma
creek, April 17, (with flowers and young fruit;) Napa valley, April 26, (with nearly ripe fruit.)
This plant, which Nuttall referred with doubt to Leptoteenia, and thought (as he had “hot seen
the fruit) might perhaps be a species of Polytenia, does not accord entirely with either genus.
From the former it differs in having emarginate petals with a long inflexed point, and 6 vittz
on the commissure, with numerous true vitte on the back, and nearly obsolete ribs ; the involu-
cels also are wanting. From the latter it disagrees in the toothless calyx, as well as in wanting
the involucels. The fruit is oval or elliptical, about 5 lines long, and the border is rather thin.
Many of the flowers are abortive, and in some of the umbels all are so. The primary rays are
about 3 inches long.

HERACLEUM LANATUM, DC. Prodr. 4. p. 192. Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 632. H. Douglasii,
DC. 1. c. Corte Madera, California, April 10; in flower. Scarcely more pubescent than the

eastern plant.

BOTANY. [93] 37

Davous pustutus, Miche. Fl. 1, p. 164; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p- 636. Hill-sides, Napa,
April 25. This plant has some reputation among the Mexicans as a remedy for the bite of
venemous serpents; but its efficacy is very doubtful.

Daucus sracuratus, Sieb.; DO. Prodr. 4, p. 514; Gray, Bot. U. 8. Expl. Exped. 1, p. 711.
Scandix glochidiata, Labill. Pl. N. Holl. 1, p. 75, t. 102. Caucalis microcarpa, Hook. & Arn.
Bot. Beech. p. 348; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 636. Hill-sides, Knight's ferry, Stanislaus, May 1,
(in fruit.) A widely diffused plant, being found in Australia, New Zealand, Peru, Chili, many
parts of Mexico, and California. It may have been brought to California by cattle. An
original specimen of Labillardiere differs from our plant only in the rather denser prickles ot
the fruit. It is more nearly related to Caucalis than to Daucus, but does not accord wholly
with either genus.

., CuzRopuyttum? CaLrIFornicum (sp. nov.): perenne, erectum, elatum, glaberrimum; foliis
triternatisectis, lobis linearibus integris vel paucidentatis; involucro polyphyllo; calycis mar-
gine 5-dentato; fructibus oblongis utrinque obtusis, costis vix elevatis. Wet ravines, Knight’s
ferry, Stanislaus, May 8; in flower and fruit. Stem 3-4 feet high, nearly simple. Leaves
(including the petioles) a foot in length; the primary divisions biternately or bipinnately
divided; the segments either all (except the elongated terminal one) coarsely 2-3-toothed, or
nearly entire and linear; uppermost leaves simply 3-parted with entire divisions. Umbels on
very long peduncles, the primary one wholly female, 9-12-rayed. Involucre 9-12-leaved,
scarcely one-fifth the length of the rays. Lateral umbels wholly male. Umbellets many-
flowered, about an inch long. Involucels of numerous entire lanceolate leaves. Petals white,
broadly oval, emarginate, with a small inflexed point. Calyx with 5 distinct acute tecth.
Stylopodium broadly conical. Styles half the length of the ovary, recurved. Fruit about five
lines long, often a little curved, or gibbous, laterally compressed: mericarps obscurely ribbed,
with large single vitte in the intervals and 4 in the commissure. Seed deeply furrowed on the
face, but not involute, with an elevated central ridge; carpophore 2-cleft at the summit. We
are by no means satisfied with our disposition of this plant. It rather falls into this genus than
into any other known to us; yet it differs much in habit and in several characters from Chero-
phyllum. |

OsmoruIza BRACHYPODA, Torr. in Durand’s Plante Pratt. (Jour. Acad. Phil. n. ser. 2, p. 79).
Hill-sides, Yuba, Downieville, California; May 22. It was also found with mature fruit by Dr.
Parry near Monterey, and by Mr. Pratten on Deer creek. The flowering specimehs collected
by Dr. Bigelow are only a foot high. Easily distinguished from O. brevistylis and O. longi-
stylis by the very short pedicels of the fertile flowers and fruit, the minute stylopodium, and
shorter trapezoidal segments of the leaves. In the short styles it is nearest O. brevistylis, but
it is quite glabrous, and the fruit is much more hispid on the angles than in that species.

OsMORHIZA NUDA (n. sp.): stylis brevissimis; fructibus obtusis; involucris et involucellis
nullis; pedicellis fructu longioribus. Shady woods, Napa valley, April 27. Plant about two
feet high. Leaves on long petioles, which, as well as the lower part of the stem, are strigosely
' pubescent; segments broadly ovate, often deeply 3-lobed, coarsely dentate-serrate. Peduncles
enlongated. Umbel about 4-rayed; umbellets 4-6-flowered. Flowers like those of O. brevis-
tylis. Fruit (immature) very hispid, especially towards the base, crowned with a short conical
stylopodium. This species is intermediate between Osmorhiza and Glycosma. ° In its bristly
fruit it is like the former, and in the short stylopodium and styles, as well as in the entire
absence of the involucres, it resembles the latter. The two genera should, perhaps, be united.

Cynapium apurotium, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 640. Tamul Pass, April 11; in flower.
This plant had not been found before in California.

Supeenus? Microranta. Calycis margo obsoletus. Petala ovata, cum lacinula elongata in-
flexa. Stylopodium minutum, depressum. Styli elongati, recurvi. Fructus ovalis, a latere
contractus. Mericarpia jugis obtusissimis; valleculis 3-5-vittatis. Commissura 6-8-vittata,

38 [94] BOTANY.

crassa, spongiosa. Herba Californica, glabra. Folia decomposita. Involucrum oligophyllum,
Involucella 6—8-phylla.

Cynaprum? (Microrzntra) Bieetovir. Hill sides, near Murphy’s, California; May 16. Stem 3 feet
or more in height. Lower leaves a foot long, ternately decompound ; segments pinnately incised,
with linear-lanceolate lobes. Umbels on long naked peduncles. Rays about 12, 2 or 3 inches in
length. Involucre of 5—6 linear leaves. Involucels somewhat lateral, the leaflets lanceolate
and reflexed, longer than the flowers. Umbellets monccious, many-flowered ; the male flowers
mostly central. Petals apparently white. Fruit (immature) about 3 lines long; the ribs very
indistinct. Vittee extremely minute, forming an almost uninterrupted citcle around each meri-
carp. Differs from Cynapium in*its much more compressed fruit, neatly obsolete ribs, and in
having an involucrum. Very likely the mature fruit would show other differences.

THASPIUM MONTANUM, Gray, Pl, Fendl. p. 57, and Pl. Wright. 2, p.65. Sandia mountains, .
New Mexico; October.

CoNIosELINUM CanavDeENsE, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1; p. 69. Near Santa Antonita, in mountain
marshes; October. In fruit.

DEWEYA? ACAULIS (sp. nov.): humilis; foliis 5—-9-foliolatis e rhizomate repente crasso scapum
nudum simplicem subsequantibus ; foliolis cuneatis sessilibus acute trifidis quandcque 3-5-fidis
lobis patentibus acutis integerrimis ; umbella solitaria ; fructu subtereti, valleculis univittatis
In crevices of rocks near Santa Antonita, New Mexico; October, Of this there are only one or
two specimens in the collection, with some mature fruit, but no flowers. The genus is alto-
gether doubtful ; but it may, perhaps, be referred to Deweya until it is better known ; although
the fruit is but slightly campylospermous, so that the plant should, perhaps, be referred to
the Seselinew. The seeds and the root-stock have a pleasant aromatic odor, much as in Ligus-
_ ticum ; from which genus, as well as from Deweya, our plant differs in the single large vittz

which fill the narrow intervals between the thick and corky, almost winged, rather obtuse ribs.

Dewsya areuta, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 641. Near San Gabriel; March 22; in flower.
8. foliis triternati-sectis ; involucellis elongatis. D.? (n. sp.) Benth. Pl. Hartw., p. 312;
Durand, Pl. Prati. p. 89. Mountains near Oakland ; April 5 ; in flower only. The Oakland
plant must be only a form of D. arguta, with the leaves more divided than usual.

APIASTRUM ANGUSTIFOLIUM, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 644. Hill sides, Napa valley ;
April 26; plains near San Gabriel; March 23. We dotibt whether A. latifolium is a distinct
species rosie this.

ARALIACER.
ARALIA RACEMoSA, Linn. Spec. 1, p. 273? Bolinas bay, California; April 19; scarcely in fewer.

The inflorescence is less compound, and the serratures of the leaves are auch coarser than in
the eastern plant. Very likely this will prove to be a distinct species.

CORNACEZ:. |

Cornus Nurrart, pa Bide of Amer. t. 367: Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 655; Nutt.
Sylv. 3, p. 51, t. 97. C. florida, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. 1, p. 277, (ex parte.) Hill silos and
ravines, Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada; May 12; in full flower. This beautiful tree attains
its highest perfection in lower Oregon, where Mr. Nuttall found it growing seventy feet high.
The involucral leaves vary in form. They are sometimes nearly as broad as in O. florida.

- Cornus sesstuis, Torr. (in Durand, Pl. Pratt. p. 89): floribus paullo ante folia late ovata subtus
pubescentia nascentibus ; involucri foliis acutis ; petalis acuminatis. (Taz. VIII.) Wet ravines
near Grass valley, California ; May 20; with young fruit. A small tree, (10-15 feet high,) with
smooth, slender, flexile branches. Leaties 23 inches long and 1} inch wide, dull, closely approx-
imated towards the extremity of the flowering branches. Umbel 15~20-flowered, appearing

ont

BOTANY. [95] 09

rather before the leaves, usually becoming lateral from the development of only one of the
buds near the extremity of the flowering branch: pedicels 4—6 lines long, villous. Invo-
lucre nearly as long as the pedicels, very deciduous; the leaflets ovate, acute, yellowish, or
tinged with purple. Teeth of the calyx minute, crowning the ovary. Petals lanceolate, or
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. Style filiform; stigma slightly dilated. Immature fruit twice as
long as broad, somewhat hairy. This species, remarkable as the only one of the section
Tanycrania found in America, is closely allied to C. mas of Europe and C. officinalis of Japan,
differing only, so far as our imperfect materials show, in the slight characters given above. Dr.
Bigelow’s specimens have the foliage and the young fruit. A branchlet gathered by Mr. Prat-
ten exhibits the flowers just developing.

Cornus pubescens, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl.1, p. 652, (sub var. C. sericea,) & Sylv. 3
p. 54. C. circinata, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnea 3, p. 139. CC. sericea, 8? occidentalis, Torr.
& Gray, l.c. River banks and ravines. Grass valley and Middle Yuba; May 20. Also, hill-
sides, Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada; May 12; with unexpanded flowers. We incline to
the opinion that this species is more siearly allied to C. alba (stolonifera) than to C. sericea,
It varies in the degree of pubescence and in the breadth of the leaves,

CAPRIFOLIACEA,

Lonicera INvoLUcRATA, Banks ; DC. Prodr. 4, p. 336. Near San Francisco, California.

Lonicera Catrrorniva, Zorr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 7. Knight’s ferry on the Stanislaus, A
small-leaved form. IL. hispidula is a more or less hairy state, apparently of the same species.

SYMPHORICARPUS ROTUNDIFOLIUS, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 66. In the Sandia mountains near
Santa Antonita, New Mexico; October. In fruit.

‘SamBucus Mexicana, Pres. in DC. Prodr.4, p. 323; Gray, Pl. tage ; p. 66. 8. glauca,
Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 313, (non Nutt.) 8. Gobntiony Durand & Hilg. Pl. Heerm. in Journ.
Acad. Se. Phil. (n. ser.) 3, p. 39, (a more pubescent form.) Knight’s ferry, Stanislaus river,
May 7, (in flower;) also on Mark West’s creek, California, Our specimens agree very well
with the plant collected in New Mexico by Mr. Wright.

Sambucus puBens, Micha. Fl. 1, p. 181; Torr. & Gray, 1, c., p. 13. Hills near Oakland,
California.

RUBIACE.

- OxpEntanpra (Hovsronta) rupra, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 68. Hills and plains near Galisteo,
New. Mexico; October.

GaLiuM APARINE, Linn. Sp. 1, p. 108. San Francisco and Naya valley ; “May. A small-
fruited form, apparently of this species, qocurring in various collections from California, New
Mexico, and western Texas.

VALERIANACEA.

Przcrritis concesta, Lindl. ; DC. -Prodr. 4, p. 631. Mountains near Oakland ; April—May.
PLECTRITIS MACROCERA, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 50. P. eo ern Fisch. & Mey. Napa
valley ; April.

COMPOSITE. (By A. oaks

Exepuantopus Carorinranus, Willd. On the Canadian River; August.

Vernonia Jamesu, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 58. On the anadian : and ton. Estacado ;
August—September.

Pecris (Pxctipopsis) ANGUSTIFOLIA, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New York 2, p. 214; Gray, Pl, Fendi.
p. 61. Head waters of the Canadian. September.

40 [96] BOTANY.

HogMsIstERIA PLURISETA (sp. nov.): fruticulosa, puberula; foliis oppositis et alternis parvis
plerumque hastato-trifidis inciso-dentatis ; involucri squamis floribusque 20-25 ; pappi paleis
10-12 lineari-lanceolatis (aut muticis aut partim acuminato-aristatis,) cum setis totidem tenuibus
denticulatis. (Tab. IX.) Ina cafion at Bill Williams’ fork, now called Williams’ river; February
This is evidently a congener of Helogyne fasciculata, Benth., of southern California, and appa-
rently of Phania? urenifolia, Hook. & Arn. also, although the number of scales and awns of
the pappus (2-3 in the former and 4-5 in the latter) is thrice or twice greater. On account of
the earlier Helogyne of Nuttall, (founded on an obscure Eupatoriaceous plant from Peru, but
apparently with good characters,) the late Dr. Walpers has changed the name of Bentham’s
genus to Hofmeisteria, in honor of one of the best phytotomists of the age. This genus,
strengthened by a third species, is well marked in habit as well as character. All have
palmately-lobed or divided leaves on very long petioles. In H. pluriseta the petioles are an
inch or an inch and a half long, while the blade is only 4 to 6 lines long. The latter is ovate
or deltoid in outline, and irregularly cut into 3-6 coarse teeth or lobes, the two basal ones
usually largest and divergent. Involucre as in Brickellia; the scales acuminate. Corolla
ochroleucous ; the slightly dilated summit 5-toothed. Style, &c., as in H. fasciculata. Achenia
oblong, nearly terete, 5-ribbed, minutely hirsute. Palez of the pappus 10 or 12, hyaline, with -
somewhat erose margins, entire at the summit, which is either obtuse, retuse, or several of them
more commonly produced into an acuminate point, or into a short awn, the latter above half the
length of the achenium. Bristles. of the pappus as many as the palez, and alternate with them,
forming an inner series as long as the corolla, nearly capillary, minutely denticulate.

Lratrts puncrata, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. 1, p. 306, t. 55. Rocky prairies, from the Canadian
river, August 26, to the Llano Estacado; August-September.

Liatris squagrosa, Willd. Prairies; August 26.

- Lrarris evecans, Willd.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 48. Shawnee villages, Canadian; August.

CarpHocuare Biertovu, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 89; &2, p. 71. On the mountains near the
Mimbres ; April; Dr. Henry.

Kuunra Eupatortorpes, Linn., Var. corymposa, Zorr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 78. Deer creek,
of the Canadian ; August. ;

KUHNIA EUPATORIOIDES, Var. GRACILLIMA, Gray, Pl. Lindh. 2, p. 218. Anton Chico; Septem-
ber ; and on the San Domingo, New Mexico ; October. ;

BRICKELLIA BRACHYPHYLLA, Gray, Pl. Wright.2, p. 84. Clavigera brachyphylla, Gray, Pl.
Fendl. p. 63. On bluffs and rocky plains of the Llano Estacado; September. Root thick and
long. Pappus nearly plumose. er

BrickewntA Wrieuti, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 72. Arroyos and washed places, near the
Llano Estacado ; September. } | 5

Bricketira Catrrorntca, var. Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 64. Rocky hills and plains on the San
Domingo, New Mexico, &c. This is the same as Fendler’s plant; but its bushy habit, cordate
leaves, and smaller heads indicate it-as probably distinct from B. Californica ; and it is very
likely to pass into B. Wrightii.

- BRICKELLIA GRANDIFLORA, Nutt. ; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 63. La Cuesta, New Mexico; Sep-

EvpaTorIuM aGERATOIDES, Linn. f. Shawneetown, on the Canadian ; August.

EvUPATORIUM AGERATIFOLIUM, Var.? HERBACEUM, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 74. Anton Chico, New
Mexico; in rocky arroyos, &c. A small-leaved form.

Evpatorium serotinuM, Micha. Fl. 2, p. 100. Grande Prairie, on the Canadian; August 22.

Evpatorium autisstuum, Linn. On the Canadian, &c. ; August.

ConocLinium canestinum, DC. Shawnee villages; August. ;

Narposmra paLMata, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. 1, p. 308. Tussilago palmata, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed.
1, 3, ¢. 2. Wet places along mountain streams, Oakland, California; April 5. A plant of
wide range, yet of very rare occurrence.

BOTANY. [97] 41

Macramantimura 5 Piaaeneme Nees. Ast., p. 224; Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 90. On the Ca-
nadian, &c. ; September.

Macnamasvnmmas CANESCENS, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p.89. Banks of the Pecos, &c., anniibadl
ern Texas, (smooth varieties) ; gravelly hills near the Colorado of the west ; February.

Aster BigEtovit (sp. nov.) : ramis yiscido-hirsutis ad apicem usque foliosis; ramulis corym-
bosis | monocephalis ; foliis membranaceis oblongo-lanceolatis semiamplexicaulibus grosse serratis
tenuiter triplinerviis hirto-puberulis glabratis ; capitulis maar! amnee involueri plurise-
rialis squamis attenuato-subulatis basi appressis superne squarroso
recurvis glanduloso-viscidis ; acheniis glaberrimis. Arroyos in ‘the Sandia mountains ; Octo-
ber. . A wholly new and most remarkable Aster, of the Grandiflori group ; but the apparently
showy heads larger than those ‘of A. grandiflorus, being an inch in diameter, and the numerous
(blue and violet) rays an inch long. It is probably a tall plant; but the base of the stem was
not collected.. Cauline leaves two or three inches long, coarsely dentate-serrate throughout ;
the uppermost, and those of the short branchlets, smaller and less toothed. Scales of the imbri-
cated involucre half an inch long when extended, very slender; the long and almost filiform
appendicular portion recurved, spreading and very glandular. Receptacle flat, alveolate ; the
alveole short and entire. Achenia perfectly glabrous, linear, compressed, three lines leiig.
Pappus not abundant, nearly in a single series.

Aster Novi-Beran, Linn.; Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 76. Sandia mountains, New Mexico.

Aster Lavis, Linn.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 116. San cp iee: New Mexico; October ; in
mountain ravines.

ASTER PATENS, Ait. ; Torr. & Gray, t.c. On the Canadian, &c.; August-September.

ASTER MULTIFLORUS, ‘hit: Rocky dell, Eastern New Mexico ; September ive

Aster Nurrauin, TYorr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 126; var. Funpiert ; foliis rigidioribus te
ciliatis ; involucri squamis Sedindonedglandalosis. Pe Fendleri, Gray, Pl. ‘

Rocky ravines and cafions, Llano Estacado; September. Exactly Fendler’s plant; but it ap
pears to differ from A. Nuttallii only in its greater rigidity, and the more manifest hispid
bristles on the branches and the margin of the leaves.

Aster (OxyTRipoLiuM) pavctrLorus, Nutt.; Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. '76.. San Domingo, New
Mexico ; October. ~

Aster (Oxyrripotium) pivaricatus, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 162. Sand-banks of the
Canadian ; August.

ASTER (Oxyrarpoutus) aneustus, Zorr. & Gray, 1. ¢.; Gray, Pl. Wight. 2, p.76. In wet

springs, Eastern New Mexico. :
Dretopappus ERtcorpss, Zorr. & Gray, l.c. Laguna Colorado, New Mexico , September.
Eriaeron (CzNotus) pivaricatum, Michx., Fl. 2, p. 534. Dogtown prairies ; September.
ERIGERON (CmNOTUS) SUBDECURRENS. Goiiyxa subdecurrens, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 78. Plains
and prairies, Eastern New Mexico ; September 21.
ERIGERON MACRANTHUM, = Grea, Pl. Fendl. p. 67. Mountain arroyos, near San An-
tonio, New Mexico.
ERIGERO: it Madiasenvn; Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl, 2, p..170. Sand-hills on the Upper
Canadian ; September. ;
Enromnon Panipieuicen, Linn. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 171. Near Santa Rosa, Benicia,
and Cocomungo, California ; March—-Ma ay.

ERIGERON DIVERGENS, - Grr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 175; Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 77, (nearly the
var. CINEREUM.) Hills in the Butte mountains near Marysville, California ; May 25. The
lower leaves are mostly lobed or almost divided, and the stems become lignentént at the base.

Ertcrron Dovenasu, Zorr. & Gray, l.c. Hill-sides on the Stanislaus river at Robinson’s
Ferry, California. Mr. Thurber and others have gathered a very narrow-leaved state of this
near San Diego.

ErigERoN Mopsstum, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 68, & Pl. Lindl. 2, p. 220; excl. syn. DO.
Rocky ravines on the Llano Estacado ; September.

6

42 [98] ~ “DOBeny.

ERIGERON STENOPHYLLUM (sp. nov.): humile, ceespitosum, pube appressa tenuiter cinereum ;
caulibus floriferis simplicibus e candice perenni inferne foliosissimis apice nudo monocephalis ;
foliis angustissime linearibus integerrimis ; capitulo magno; ligulis (semipollicaribus et ultra)
circiter 40 albis uniseriatis involucro pubescente multo longioribus ; acheniis hirsutissimis; pap-
po simplici. -On hill-sides and steep banks of the Pecos; October. Stems six to ten inches
high, growing in dense tufts. Leaves ene to three inches long, about a line wide, many of
them almost filiform ; the lower ones tapering to the base, which is not ciliate nor hirsute ; all

-Inerely cinereous with a very fine and close strigose pubescence. Scales of the involucre all
nearly equal and similar, scarcely biserial, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, three or four lines
long, somewhat tomentose-pubescent. Rays linear, broad for the genus, apparently pure white
or slightly tinged with purple, certainly not ochroleucous. Achenia flat, two-nerved, densely
hirsute with long and white hairs. Pappus similar in the ray and disk, composed of a single
series of scabrous capillary bristles of about the length of the disk-corolla, not fragile nor
caducous, of equal length, and not accompanied by short setz or squamelle. This most re-
sembles E. ochroleucum, Nutt. ; but the leaves are hoary with a finer pubescence, and are not
hirsute towards the base ; the heads are longer and more showy, the rays not ochroleucous, the
achenia remarkably villous-hirsute, and the exterior pappus wanting.

EREMIASTRUM BELLIOIDES, Gray, Pl. Nov. Thurb., p- 320. Gravelly hills near the Colorado,
interior of California; February. Precocious specimens, less than an inch high, just beginning
to flower. Mature fruit of this plant is a desideratum.

TowNsENDIA GRANDIFLORA, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 7, p. 305; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2,
p. 186. Erigeron? florifer, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. 2, p. 20. Sand-hills and rocky ridges of the
Antelope hills on the Canadian ; September. ;

Townsenpia Eximia, Gray, Pl. Fendi. p. 70. . Laguna Blanca, in pine woods, and Santa An-
tonita, New Mexico, in mountain ravines; October. The root of this striking and well-marked
- Species is perhaps perennial, The branching stems sometimes attain the height of a foot and a

half.

ArHanostepnus ARKansanvs, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 93. Valley of the Canadian, at Shaw-

_ neetown; August. ; pte :

-AMPHIACHYRIS DRacuNcULoIDEs, DC. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 122. Rayines on Walnut
creek, of the Canadian ; August. :

_ _ Gurrerreaa Evruamz, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 123. Antelope hills of the Canadian;

September. ,

__ GUTIERREZIA spHzRocEPHALA, Gray, Fl. Fendl. p. 73. Prairies and plains near the Pecos,

New Mexico, September 21. | re ?

Sonmpaeo Riarpa, Linn. At Beavertown, on the Canadian; August.

_Sonmpaeo pumina, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 210. On the Pecos, New Mexico; October.
Sonmago Texurrouta, Pursh.. Sand-hills and Antelope hills on the Canadian; September,
Sotmpaco Raputa, Nutt. in Jour. Acad. Philad. 7, p. 102. With the foregoing, and on the

Llano Estacado; September. é

Sormpaco Canapensis, Linn. Deer creek, of the Canadian; August.

Livosyzis Wricuri, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 95. Between the Canadian and the Pecos,
September 15. ; i iss

Livosyris (CHRysorHaMNus) GRAVEOLENS, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 234. Wet places and banks
of creeks between the Canadian and the Pecos rivers.

LivosyRis (Curysornamyus) Bigetovit (sp. nov.): fruticosa, ramosissima, cinerea; ramis
flexuosis fastigiato-polycephalis; foliis filiformibus supra canaliculatis; capitulis 5-floris; invo-
lucro elongato floribus tertia parte breviore, squamis 5-floris 4—5-seriatis pallidis carinatis arach-
noideo-ciliatis subacutis appressis, extimis oblongis, intimis lineari-lanceolatis; acheniis. acute
5-angulatis glaberrimis ; pappo copioso, setis tenuibus inequalibus. (Tab. XII.) Hills and
arroyos, Cienegella, above Albuquerque, New Mexico. A dense and fastigiate shrub, apparently

em

"BOTANY, [99] 48

of two or more feet {n height; the branchlets whitish or yellowish, but with scarcely a percep-
tible pubescence. Leaves more hoary, about an inch long, involute-filiform, slender. Heads
fasciculate, 9 or 10 lines long, about a line and a half in diameter, therefore more slender than
those of L. pulchella; the scales of the involucre almost as strikingly five-ranked as in that
species, but thinner, not so sharply carinate, not green on the back, and not so much pointed,
the somewhat scarious margins, especially of the outer ones ciliate with arachnoid and appa-
rently viscid hairs. Corolla, style, and the slender achenia nearly as in L. pulchella; but the
bristles of the pappus rather less copious, evidently finer and softer, and unequal in length,
therefore intermediate between that of the latter species and of L. graveolens. This species is a
peculiarly interesting discovery, on account of the transition it establishes between 1. pulchella,
a strikingly aberrant form, and the rest of the group to which I had referred to that plant,

Lryosyris (CHRYSOTHAMNUS) PULCHELLA, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 96, & 2, p. 80; Torr. in
Sitgreaves’ Rep. t. 4. Gravelly hills on the upper Canadian, September. The margins of the
leaves are denticulate-ciliolate, which was not observed in Mr. Wright’s specimens. Dr. Schultz
(Bipont,) informs me, in a letter, that he has indicated this as a new genus, ‘‘ Tetragonospermum
pulchellum, C. H. Schultz, Mss.’’ 1 think that the preceding species forbids its separation from
Nuttall’s Chrysothamnus, whatever view we take of that group.

APLOPAPPUS (BLEPHARODON) sernuLosus, DO. and var. aLaer, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 7. On
the Canadian, and Deer creek; August, September.

APLopappus (BLEPHARODON) RuBIaINosUs, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 240. Sandy bottoms of the
Canadian; September.

Aptopappus (Prronopsts) crrratus, DO. Prodr. 5, p. 346; Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p.98. Prairies
on the Canadian; September.

ApLopappus (IsoPAPPUS) DIVARICATUS. Isopappus divaricatus, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 239,
Sand-banks of the Canadian, near the Shawnee villages; August. A state with rather larger
heads, approaching Isopappus Hookerianus, which most probably is not distinct.

APLOPAPPUS (ERICAMERIA) LARICIFOLIUS, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 80. White Cliff creek, New
Mexico;.on hills and rocks. Caiion creek, Western New Mexico. The flowers have all fallen ;
but there is little doubt about the species, which Dr. Bigelow formerly gathered in the Organ
Mountains, near El Paso. .

Ammonia Orneana, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 7, p, 321; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 235,
California, on the Stanislaus; May 8. This was also gathered in northern California by the
United States South Sea Exploring Expedition, and by. Mr. Allen on the Yuba river. :

Srenotus LiveaRrFouus, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 238. Caiion Pass, New Mexico; March 16,
1854; California. .

Curysopsis HISPIDA, Hook.; Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. 7, p. 316. Sandstone
rocks and hills, on the Canadian ; August—September.

Curysopsis For1osa, Nutt. 1. c. Hilly prairies on the Canadian; September. Intermediate
‘between ©. villosa and C. canescens.

HeTEROTHECA GRANDIFLORA, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. 7, p. 315. Cocomungo,
Caitorimaic =

GRINDELIA HIesuTuLA, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 147 & 351. Hill-sides, at Knight’s
ferry, on the Stanislaus, California; May 7. A narrow-leaved state.

PENTACHATA AUREA, Nutt. l. c.; Torr. & Gray, Fl, 2, p. 249. Corte Madera, California;
April. Very like Nuttall’s original specimens, except that the leaves are broader.

APHANTOCHETA&Nov. Gen.

Capitulum heterogamum, 8-10-florum; floribus radii 3-5 foemineis, tubulo corolle stylo
breviore truncato eligulato; disci 4-5 hermaphroditis, corolla tubuloso-infundibuliformi apice
5-dentata. Involucrum circiter 10-phyllum, biseriale; squamis equalibus oblongis membranaceis

Fg

44 [100] BOTANY.

margine lato hyalinis dorso subcarinatis obtusis mucronatis. Receptaculum parvum, alveolato-
dentatum. Anthere ecaudate. Styli rami fl. foom. lineari-filiformes prorsus stigmatosi ; fl.
herm. plani appendice longa subulato-filiformi hispida superati. Achenia conformia, vel disci
substerilia, hirsuta, oblonga, compresso-pentagona, 5-nervia. _Pappus e setulis 5 brevissimis ad
nervos respondentibus, vix manifestus. Herba annua, tenerrima; caulibus filiformibus 2—4-
pollicaribus erectis parce arachnoideo-villosis ramisque paucis superne nudis monocephalis ;
foliis alternis filiformibus integerrimis ; floribus ut videtur luteis mox purpurascentibus.
APHANTOCHETA ExILIs. (Tab. XI.) Hill-sides in the Napa Valley, California; April 25. A
delicate, almost capillary little plant, becoming glabrous; the stems or raniios naked above
for an inch or so, and terminated by a head of 3 lines in length, below rather leafy, the leaves
half an inch or more in length. Scales of the involucre greenish, except the margins, shining,
nearly equaling the flowers. Corolla of the ray reduced to a tube, sheathing the sky and
about half its length, the apex somewhat obliquely truncate, with no vestige of a ligule. Disk-

corollas with rather slender tubes ; the throat dilated, the border equally 5-toothed. Appendages 3

of the style twice the length of the stigmatic portion. Mature achenia not seen. The five rudi-
mentary setulz of the pappus do not exceed the hairs of the achenium in length. This curious
little Composita exhibits that modification of the Asteroid style which is seen in Pentacheta,
Bradburia, Xanthisma, &c. From the technical characters, the genus would fall into De Can-
dolles div. Solenogynee. But the genus to which I imagine it is most related has true rays,
namely, the California genus Pentacheta, Nuét.; from which it differs mainly in the fewer-
flowered heads, the entire suppression of the Hienla. the longer proper tube of the corolla in the
disk, and the reduction of the five bristles «f the pappus to minute rudiments. The latter
character furnishes the generic name.

Pericome caupata, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 81. On rocky hills at San Domingo, New
Mexico ; October. ‘Als gathered by Dr. Henry on the Mimbres.

PERITYLE NuDA, Zorr. in Bot. E *s Mex. Bound. ined.: herbacea, ramosissima ; foliis
plerisque alternis subcordato-rotundis 5—7-lobis crebre laciniato-dentatis incisisve cum saiaulis
junioribus- subpubescentibus glanduloso-viscosis ; involucri sqamis oblongis; ligulis oblongis
discum haud superantibus ; appendicibus styli fl. hermaph. brevibus obtusis ; acheniis oblongo-
linearibus marginibus villosissimo-ciliatis ; pappo e squamellis hyalinis coroniformi-concretis
pilis achenii brevioribus ; aristis omnino ‘inthis, (On the Rio Gila, near the Pimo village. Dr.
Parry.) Arroyos and cafions at Williams’ River, and on hills near the Colorado of the West ;
February 7. Plant a span to a foot or more high, probably annual. Leaves half an inch or
more in diameter, moderately lobed, much laciniated and toothed. Heads three or four lines
in diameter. Scales of the saveliigns very thin, hispid-ciliate towards the summit. Disk deep

yellow ; the small rays nearly white in the specimen. Receptacle convex, scrobiculate. Disk- ,

corollas 4-toothed. Achenia a line and a half long, the margin densely villous-hispid. This
species, which has no awns to the pappus, together with P. aglossa, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 107,

which wants the rays, nearly effects a transition to Pericome, Gray, l.c., p. 81. The mbjoined é;

- species, having (so far as the imperfect and scanty specimens show) no pappus at all, and no
strong fringe on the margins of the achenium, carries the variations of this genus to an extreme.

Periryie Freon (Torr. ined.): herbacea, hiiaitlin, viscosissimo-pubescens ; foliis oppositis et :

alternis cordato-rotundis inciso-crenatis dentibus crentlatis ; involucri squamis oblongis ; lig-
_ ulis oblongis discum superantibus ; appendicibus styli fl. Miriaph: subulatis ; acheniis lineari-
oblongis 3-4-nervatis ad nervos hirsutulis; pappo plane nullo. California ; Bas: Mr. Fitch.

Stems or branches three inches long, probably from a depauperate plant, caehad (as are the >

leaves in a lesser degree) with a glandular and very viscous villous pubescence. Leaves half an
inch or less in diameter, subcordate, on slender petioles. Heads five to six lines in diameter.
- Seales of the involucre oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, villous, bearded at the tip. Receptacle con-
vex. Flowers yellow; the rays moderately exserted. Thickoicalll 4-toothed, the teeth spar-
ingly bearded on the back. Branches of the style tipped with slender and acute, but rather

i.

+

BOTANY. [101] 45

short, appendages. Achenia compressed, usually with two approximate nerves at each margin,
which are barely hirsute, terminated by a small, disk-shaped, rather prominent areola, which
is entirely naked, there being no trace of a pappus.

Baccuaris Dovetasn, DC. Prodr. 5, p. 400; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 259; excl. syn. P.
Pingrea, &c. Along streams; Napa Valley, (male,) and poate ke! (female); California,
March and April. The leaves oftih denticulate.

BACCHARIS SERGILOIDEs, (sp. nov.): suffruticosa, glabra, confertim ramosissima; ramis ramu-
lisque angulatis rigidis articulatis seepissime aphyllis; foliis dum adsunt parvis spathulatis
uninerviis, ramulorum ad bracteas minimas reductis, capitulis parvis in ramulos confertis sub-
sessilibus, masculis magis glomeratis; involucro obovato, squamis multiseriatis appressis glabris
oblongis, seu interioribus lanceolatis, foem. acutis, masc. omnibus obtusis ; receptaculo conico
subpaleaceo ; acheniis glabris; pappo brevi. Dry arroyos, fifty miles west of the Colorado,
western New Mexico. A very bushy, broom-like plant, with small heads, apparently abundant
on the Gila, where Colonel Emory and others have gathered specimens.

Baccuanris Texana, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p.'75. Prairies, &c. Comanche plains, Northwestern
Texas ; September.

Baccuaris sarorna, Zorr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 258. Sand-banks of the Canadian, near the Shaw-
nee villages; August. :

Prucuza Feta, DC. Prodr. 5, p. 452. On the Canadian ; August.

TrssARIA (PHALACROCLINE) BOREALIS, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 15, & Pl. Wright 1, p. 102. Wil-
liams’s river ; February.

§ LINE ‘GNAPHALIOIDES, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., l. c.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p.
267 ; “yar. Bieetovit: foliis spatulato-oblongis vel sublinearibus ; paleis receptaculi frnotiferia
donee multo magis lanatis. (Tas. XIII.) California; along rivulets near Knight’s ferry, on the
Scanislaus river; May. Plant a span high, rather stouter, and with larger and broader leaves,
and larger heads than in our specimens of N uttall’s plant; which, however, are poor, and perhaps
depauperate. The heads are not larger in Dr. Bigelow’s plant than those of 8. gnaphalioides
are described to be ; but the paleze are more woolly on the back, which perhaps is more deeply
saccate, especially in the upper ones. In both, however, the saccate portion enclosing the fruit is
larger than the hyaline wing in the uppermost fructiferous pale. ._The male flowers are sub-
tended by one or two small and linear glabrous pales ; their scanty pappus is sometimes barely
denticulate, sometimes barbellate-toothed.

Evax (EusPEREVAX) CAULESCENS. Psilocarphus pega Benth. Pl. Hartw. No. 1812, p.
319. (Tas. XI.) Napa Valley, California; April 25. This plant is no Psilocarphus, but

essentially an Evax.. The achenia are obcompressed, and the palee barely concave (not com-

plicate): the latter are of a firm, chartaceous texture, and persistent on the villous cylindrical

receptacle, or the uppermost (which form an involuerate verticil around the 6-8 sterile flowers)
herbaceous, all pointless, or nearly so. Achenia smooth.

PSILOCARPHUS TENELLUS, Nutt. l. c, Near San Francisco and Mark West’s omiek California ;
April. Quite distinct from P. globiferus, to which Nuttall’s P. brevissimus and P. Oreganus
are likely to belong. )

Micropus Catirornicus, Fisch. & Meyer ; DC. Prodr. 7, p. 283. Napa valley and Corte Ma-
dera, California ; April. ;

Ecurrta grecta, Linn. River banks, Shawneetown, Arkansas ; August.

BLENNOSPERMA CALIFORNICUM, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 272. Rancho of San Geronimo, Cali-
fornia ; April.

- Porymnta Uveparta, Linn. Woods, on the Lower Canadian ; August

- Menampoprum cinerzuM, DC. Prodr. 5, p. 518. Prairies, on sue Canndiniss September.

Bertanpiera Texana, DC. Prodr. 5, p. 517. Bottom lands and acacia on the Canadian
and Walnut creek ; Bi Si

”

x

46 [102] BOTANY. |

Berianpiera Lyrata, Benth. Pl. Hartw.; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p.'?8. Plains of the Canadian ;
September.

ENGELMANNIA PINNATIFIDA, Torr. & Gray. Prairies, on the Canadian ; September.

PaRTHENIUM INcANUM, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Spec. 4, p. 260, t. 391. Rocky hills, between
the Canadian and the Pecos ; September. mee
_ Evpnrosyne xantauroua, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p.85. Cyclachena xanthiifolia, Fresenius.
Bottom of creeks, Comanche plains, Northwestern Texas, September.

Iva cinrata, Willd.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 287. On Deer creek ; August.

Amprosta apTeRA, DO. Prodr.5, p. 527; Gray, Pl. Lindh. 2, p. 226. On the Canadian ;
August.

Amprosia coronorirorta, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 291. With the preceding.

FRANSERIA AMBROSIOIDES, Cav. Ic. 2, t. 200. Mountain cafions, near Bill Williams’ fork ;
February, (in fruit.) ; er

F'RANSERIA DuMOSA, Gray, in Frém. Report 2, p.316? On the Mohave river, March. Branches,
destitute of inflorescence.

FRANSERIA TENUIFOLIA, Var. TRIPINNATIFIDA, Gray, Pl. Lindh. 2, p. 227. Plains, between the
Canadian and the Pecos ; September. Z

Franserta Hooxerrana, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p.294. Low places, Pecos to Galisteo ;
September—October. eae ae :

FRANSERIA TOMENTOSA, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 80. Bottoms of the Canadian ; September. The
specimens resemble those of Fendler, and bear mature fruit.

XantuiuM EcHtnatTuM, Murray ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 295. On the Canadian river,

ZINNIA (DIPLOTHRIX) GRANDIFLORA, Nutt.; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 81, & Pl. Wright..1, p. 105.
Dogtown prairies, Northwestern Texas ; September.

WYETHIA HELENTOIDES, Nutt.; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 82. Alargonia helenioides, DC. Prodr. 5,
p. 537. Hill-sides, Oakland, California ; April.

‘Wyeraia aveustiroria, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1. c.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 300..
Hills, near Punta de los Reyes, California; April. eas

Wyeruta scaBra, Hook. in Lond. Jour. Bot. 6, p. 247: foliis linearibus seu lineari-lanceo-
latis acutatis (inferioribus seepe oppositis) integerrimis sessilibus venoso-trinervibus utrinque
cum caule stricto gracili ultrapedali hispidulo-scaberrimis ; capitulo solitario nudo; involucro
hemispheerieo disco breviore, squamis pluriseriatim imbricatis appressis coriaceis oblongis, ex-
terioribus appendice foliosa lineari patente auctis, interioribus puxgenti-mucronatis; acheniis
glaberrimis compresso-quadrangulatis pappo brevissimo calyculiformi irregulariter dentato
coronatis. Sand bluffs, near Inscription Rock, on the Puerco of the West, New Mexico. A
remarkable species, of which only fruiting specimens were gathered. The stems are over a
foot long, and do not show the base; possibly they are only branches, but they are perfectly
simple. These, like the leaves, (which are 4 to 6 inches long, and 3 to 7 lines wide,) are very
rough with short and close papillose bristles, much as in Helianthus Maximiliani. The short
and sparing veins are confluent into a false nerve within the margin on each side, making the
leaf appear three-nerved. Head short-peduncled, an inch in diameter. Rays not seen. Disk-
corollas slender, glabrous. Achenia about 4 lines long, the angles very acute. This species
completes the parallel between Wyethia and Balsamorhiza, having the involucre imbricated as
in Balsamorhiza Hookeri, &c., while several species of the latter genus are now known with the
entirely foliaceous involucres of Wyethia helenioides, augustifolia, &c. Without doubt, the
' plant described above is the same as that of Geyer. .
_ BatsaMoruiza MAcRopHYLLA, Nutt. 1, ¢.; var. pube minuta molli canescens; foliis plerisque
elongatis (radicalibus subpedalibus) circumscriptione lanceolatis 1—2-pinnatipartitis, segmentis
entatis incisisve ; involucri squamis exterioribus magnis foliaceis elongato-oblongis seu
spathu latis quandoque dentatis. Hill-sides, near Sonoma, California ; May. All the species cf
this group are extremely variable in foliage. I possess only a leaf of Nuttall’s B. macrophylla,

y -

BOTANY, [103] 47

and that shows no hoary pubescence; but a specimen from Frémont’s collection (which is re-
markable for the foliaceous scales of the involucre being as long as the rays, even two inches in
length) connects Nuttall’s plant with our own. The Slieged is more like that of B. Hookeri, (to
which B. hirsuta must belong,) but the involucre is very different.

- BALSAMORHIZA DELTOIDEA, Nutt. 1. ¢.; var. GLABRESCENS. - glabrescens, Benth: Pl. Hartw.,
No. 1785, p. 317; but with the leaves for the most part a toothed, and some of them not
cordate at the ene Hill-sides, Sonora, California; May. 'lhis was also collected by Frémont
in his second journey, and is mentioned in the account of some new Composite of that collection
(in Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist.) as a new Balsamorhiza, if not a form of B. deltoidea. There is
scarce a doubt that they are all forms of one species.

HELIANTHELLA CALIFORNICA (sp. nov.): hirsutula; caule ramoso; ramis apice longe nudis
monocephalis; foliis omnibus longius petiolatis linodolette seu spethulato-lanceclatis e medio
triplinerivis nitidulis ; involucri squamis lineari-subulatis hirsutisligulas subequantibus; acheniis
(immaturis) leviter obcordatis glaberrimis ala integerrima apice pappum brevissimum squamel-
lato-setulosum gerentibus; aristis atque squamellis intermediis nullis. Napa valley, Califor-
nia, on hill-sides; April. The western species of this genus were founded on very incomplete
materials, and greatly need revision. But this appears to be different from any before known,
on account of the perfectly glabrous, awnless, neither ciliate nor lacerate achenia, with the
pappus reduced to a tuft of very minute sete or squamelle at the summit of each smooth and
entire wing; and the scales of the involucre are uniformly attenuate-subulate, not at all folia-
ceous. The naked peduncles are from 5 to 15 inches long, Leaves slightly scabrous, most of
them opposite, 3 to 7 inches long, half an inch or an inch wide, or some of the larger occasion-
ally rhomboid-dilated upwards, and these 2 inches wide; the cauline all on petioles of one or
two inches in length.

_ Encenra Catrornica, Nutt. 1. ¢.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 317. Los Angeles, California ;
March. 3

ENCELIA FARINOSA, Gray, in Emory’s Rep. p. 143. A species of which no character has been
_ published, but aia is likely to prove not distinct from the E. nivea, Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulph.
p. 27. Gravelly hills on the Colorado of the west; February.

HELIOMERIS MULTIFLORA, Nutt. in Jour. Acad. Philad. (n. ser.) 1, p.. 171; Gray, Pl. Fendl.
p. 171, & Pl. Wright. 2, p. 87. Banks of streams, San Domingo and New Mexico; October.

Lepacuys coLuMNARIS, Zorr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 315. Shawneetown; August. Var. puLcHER-
nima, Torr. & Gray, l.c. Upper Canadian to New Mexico; September, October.

Lepacuys Tacetes. L. columnaris, var, Tagetes, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 106. Rudbeckia
Tagetes, James, in Long’s Exped. 2, p. 68. Prairies on the Coarndiaas September. This
appears to hold its characters, and to claim a place as a distinct species.

Visurera Axa, DC. and V. coRDIFOLIa, Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 107, & 2, p. 88, were
collected on the Mimbres, by Dr. Henry

- HELIANTHUS LENTICULARIS, Dougl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1265. On the Canadian ; August. |

Hetiantuus perionaris, Nutt. in Jour. Acad. Philad. 2, p. 115, Pecan creek, a tributary
of the Canadian ; August.

HELIANTHUS CILIARIS, DG. Prairies of the upper Canadian ; September. A dwarf state of
this well-marked species. bad

HeELraNntuus ricipus, Des/. ; Torr & Gray, Fl, 2, p. 322. Prairies near Walnut creek, of
the Canadian ; August. ‘ :

HELIANTHUS ‘memo Pers. ; Torr. & Gray, l.c. Pecan creek, of the Canadian ; August.

M , Schrader ; Torr, & Gray,1.c. Prairies and ravines on the Cana-
dian; August.

Huentantuvs GROSSE-SERRATUS, Martens ; ‘Tenn, & Gray, 1. c. p. 326, Bottoms, Deer ereck, Ar-
kansas ; August. :

HELIANTHUS DORONICOIDES, Lam. ; ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c., p. 327. On a Canadian, in low Places;

August.

Fi
oe

48 [104] BOTANY.

ActTINoMERS squaRROosA, Nutt; Gen. 2, p. 131. Near Sete atbiees on the Canadian river;
August.

THELESPERMA GRACILIS, Gray in Kew Jour, Bot. 1, p. 252, & Pl. Wright 1, p. 109. Denuded
prairies on the False Washita ; August.

CosMOs BIPINNATUS, var. PARVIFLORUS, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 90. Plains and pine woods in the
mountains near Laguna Blanca ; September ; (in fruit.)

BIDENS CHRYSANTHEMOIDES, Micha. _ San Domingo, New Mexico, in wet places ; October.

Bivens Tenutsecta, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 86. Banks of the Pecos; October.

Brpens BrpInnata, Zinn. Hurrah creek, in rocky places ; September.

Leprosyne Dovetasi, DC. Prodr. 5, p. 531. San Gabriel and Cocomungo, California; March.

PUGIOPAPPUS, Nov. Gen.

Capitulum, etc., fere Coreopsides ; sed flores radii foeminei fertiles ; tubus corolla disci (fauce
infundibulari-campanulata haud longior) apice annulatus. Ovaria plano-obcompressa, ovalia,
glabra; radii ala angusta cincta, calva; disci marginata, pappo gerentia e squamellis 2
pugioniformibus triquetris, angulis anguste alatis denticulatis, corolla vix dimidio brevioribus,
constante. Herba monocarpica, pumila, glabra, subcaulescens, facie Leptosynis; caulibus
scapisve sub-1—2-foliatis monocephalis; foliis alternis pinnatisectis, segmentis cum rhachi
anguste linearibus ; corollis radii et disci flavis.

Pueioparpus BiasLovit. On the Mohave creek, in the desert east of the Colorado; March.
The accessions which may be expected are not unlikely to efface the distinctions between several
admitted genera, mostly founded on single plants, resembling Coreopsis or Bidens except in hay-
ing fertile rays. The present plant, which we possess only in an early flowering state, approaches
the incompletely-known Narvalina, Cass. (a West Indian opposite-leaved shrub) in floral
characters, but it could hardly be joined to that genus with our present knowledge. It is to
Leptosyne much what Agarista is to some sections of Coreopsis ; but it is distinguished by the
short tube of the disk-corolla, marked at the summit by a beardless ring, as well as by the
pappus ; yet, from the eibdaeous case of Coreopsis, one should not be surprised if future dis-
coveries were to connect them

HETEROSPERMUM TAGETINUM, ny, Pl. Fendl. p. 87. With the precodiang:

Sanvitatia ABERTI, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 87, & Pl. Wright. 1, p.111. La Cuesta; September.

XIMENESIA ENCELIOIDES, Cav. Plains from the Canadian to New Mexico ; September,

Verpestna Vireinica, Linn.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 359. Prairies on the Canadian ; August.

FLAVERIA ANGUSTIFOLIA, Peps: DC. Prodr.5, p. 635. Sandy bottoms of the upper Canmdaih :
September. In all piobiaiihy ait distinct: eons F. Contrayerba.

_. DYsoDIA CHRYSANTHEMOIDES, Lagasca; DC. Prodr. 5, p. 640. Plains from the Canadian to
~ the Galisteo, New Mexico; August—October.

HyMENATHERUM (AciPHYLLRA) —— Gray, Pl, Wright. 1, p. 115. Blufis of the Liane
Estacado ; September.

icant aeamneic TENUIFOLIUM, Cass. ; ‘Gray, Pi. Wright. I, p. 118. Bill Williams’ fork, West
New Mexico; February.

Lowektiia auREA, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 91, & Pl. Wright.1, p.118. Dogtown prairies, on
the Llano Estacado,@&c.; September.

GAILLARDIA PINNATIFIDA, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New York 2, p. 214; Torr. & Gray Fi. 2, p. 366.
Prairies of the Llano Estacado ; September.

GAILLARDIA PULCHELLA, Fowy.; .; Torr. & Gray, l.c. Prairies on the Canadian ; September.

Pataroxta Hooxerrana, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 368. Sand-hills on the Canadian, from
Shawneetown ; August-September.

Pararoxia Texana, DC. Prodr. 5, p. 125. Shawneetown ; with the foregoing species.

CHANACTIS GLABRIUSCULA, DC. var. MecacepHaLA, Hill-sides and near rivulets, at Knight’s
ferry, on the Stanislaus, and Jone valley, California ; May. Heads from 6 to 9 lines in length.
Flowers yellow ; the ray-corollas conspicuously ampliads. Pappus mostly of 4 silvery palez ;

BOTANY. [105] 49

which in the outermost flowers are often oblong, obtuse, and barely half the length of the
corolla, but in the others lanceolate, mostly acutish, and almost as leng as the corolla, Al-
though the heads are larger than in Douglas’ plant, described by De Candolle, and notwith-
standing differences in the characters, yet I think that both these specimens and what I called
Cheenactis filifolia, in P? Fendl. p. 98, belong to C. glabriuscula, DO. For, although De Can-
dolle in the generic character assigns 5 or 6 pale to the pappus, I find only four in Hooker’s, and
his own specimens of ©. glabriuscula, and these are in many flowers almost as long as the
corolla, although in others (probably from the exterior part of the head) they are only half that
length, as De Candolle described them. In this and the allied genera, little reliance is to be
placed upon the particular size and shape of these pales.

HYMENOPAPPUS FLAVESCENS, Gray, Pl. Fendl., p. 97, & Pl. Wright. 2, p. 94. Dogtown
prairies on the Pecos; September. Also, the fine-leaved variety, La Cuesta, New Mexico; Sep-
tember 29.

Hymenopappus TeNnutroutus, Pursh, Fl. 2, p. 742; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 372. Plains and
dry arroyos from Hurrah creek to the Galisteo ; September—October. The characters of all the
species need revision. The length of the tube of the corolla and Jige of the pappus varies con-
siderably. This species probably includes H. corymbosus, Var. Nuf tallii, Torr. & Gray, I. e.

_- Hymenopappus toreus, Nutt. ; Torr. & Gray, l.c.; Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p. 94. Sandy,
denuded plains, on the Upper Canadian ; September.

Rippewiia tacetina, Nutt. ; Torr. in Emory’s Rep. t.5; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 93. Plains,
&c., from the False Washita to the Llano Estacado ; August-September.

Bauta opposimrouta, DO. Prodr. 5, p. 656; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p.99; Torr, in Sitgreaves’
Rep. t. 3. Prairies, &c., near Hurrah creck, N. W. Texas ; September.

Banta (ERtopHyiiuM) conrertirtora, DCU. Prodr. 5, p. 657. Hill sides, Sonora, California.

Banta (Ertopuyiium) tanata, Nutt.; DCO. 1.c. California; banks of the Mokelumne river,
and near Marysville; May: also, Napa Valley; April: a form with the heads no larger than
in B. tenuifolia, DC., but much branched to the top and leafy ; the lobes of the leaves rather
broad and short, much laciniate and toothed. Knight’s ferry, on the Stanislaus; May: the
very large form, with the involucre almost half an inch in diameter; the same with Hartweg’s
No. 1787.

Banta (ERIOPHYLLUM) ARACHNOIDEA, Fisch. & Lallem. Ind. “Hort. Petrop., 1842; Gray, Pl.
Fendl. p. 100. B. ‘latifolia, Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulph. p. 30. Bolinas Bay, California ; April.
Pappus reduced to a crown of minute palex, shorter than the diameter of the achenium. Ina
small collection made by Mr. Wm. A. Wallace, in the vicinity of Los Angeles, there is an in-
teresting dwarf Bahia, which, with B. rubella, (an unpublished species found by Dr. Parry in
the interior of California,) is intermediate in character between true Bahia and Eriophyllum,
and both species are remarkable for having a conical receptacle. The characters are subjoined. —

Banta WALLACEI (sp. nov.): annua, humilis, e basi diffusa ramosissima, albo-lanosissima ;
pedunculis solitariis monocephalis ; foliis alternis obovatis vel spathulatis integerrimis ; invo-
lucro hemispheerico 8-phyllo lanuginoso, squamis subpatentibus margine scariosis discum sube-
quantibus ; ligulis 8 rotundis subintegerrimis aureis ; styli fl. disci ramis cono acuto superatis ;
receptaculo conico; acheniis glabellis; pappi paleis 10 brevissimis enerviis obtusissimis.
Teyunga, near Los Angeles, California; May; Mr. Wm. A. Wallace. Plant 2 or 3 inches
high, but doubtless acquiring a greater size later in the season, white, with a dense covering of
long and loose floccose wool, the branches terminated by peduncles of about an inch in length.
Leaves numerous, 3 to 6 lines long, tapering into a slight petiole. Involucre 23 lines long and
broad ; the scales obovate-oblong, acute, membranaceous, with a hyaline margin. Ligules 14
to 2 lines in length and breadth, either retuse or obsoletely emarginate, three-toothed at the
truncate-summit, abruptly contracted at the base into a very short tube. - Disk-flowers, 20 or
more, like those of true Bahia. Branches of the style much as in Bahia ambrosioides, but with
& proportionately larger, triangular, more flattened, acute, and hispid cone or appendage,

. 7 ; ;

*

50 [106] 7 BOTANY.

Palee of the pappus oblong, or the alternate ones oval, about one-sixth of the length of the
corolla, scarcely longer than the breadth of the achenium. Receptacle proportionately large,
ovoid-conical.

I append the characters of what must be regarded as a new genus, allied to Bahia, Burrielia,
and Actinolepis, and remarkable for its multisetose rather than paleaceous pappus.

SYNTRICHOPAPPUS, Nov. Gen.

CaPituLuM multiflorum, heterogamum ; floribus radii 5 ligulatis foemineis ; disci tubulosis
hermaphroditis, Inyolucrum obovatum, e squamis 5 erectis membranaceis discum equantibus.
Receptaculum convexum, nudum. Corolle glabre; disci infundibuliformes, limbo quinquelobo,
lobis lineari-oblongis ; ligule breves, late ovales, apice trilobe. Anthere lineares, in appen-
dicem lanceolatam longe producte. Styli rami fl. disci appendice triangulata complanata his-
_ pidula conspicua superati. Ovaria oblongo-linearia, hirsuta. Pappus (radii et disci conformis)
e setis plurimis (35-40) uniserialibus filiformibus hispidulis eequalibus basi inter se pl. m.
coalitis constans, corolla disci paullo brevioribus. Herba monocarpica, e basi ramosa, depressa,
floccoso-lanata, deinde glabrescens; foliis alternis cuneato-spathulatis apice trilobatis ; capitulis
breviter pedunculatis ; floribus flavis. ;

Syvreicuoraprus Fremontu. (Tas. XV.) Gathered by Colonel Fremont (a single specimen) in
his journey across the continent in 1853-4, probably in the spring of 1854, and somewhere between
the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada. A small herb, intermediate in habit between
Actinolepis, DC., and Bahia § Trichophyllum. Leaves 6 to 10 lines in length, tapering from
the summit into a long, narrowed base. Heads somewhat glomerate on the branches, 3 lines
long. Scales of the involucre concave, with narrow scarious margins. Pappus white, com-
posed of 30 to 40 uniform and equal slender bristles, which are all usually connate at the very
base into a ring, so as to fall away together; and also for the most part further united in twos,
threes, &c.; the combined base somewhat paleaceous.

Ampiyorappus Nzo-Mexicanus. Schkuhria (Amblyopappus vel Achyropappus ligulus nullis)

- Neo-Mexicana, Gray, Pl. Fendl, p. 96. Hills and rocky places near La Cuesta, &c., between
the Pecos and the Rio Grande ; September. The same as Fendler’s No. 458. Except in the
want of rays, this is an Achyropappus ; the species of which (along with an unpublished one,
gathered by Dr. Bigelow on the Limpio, in 1852, Bahia (Achyropappus) Bigelovii) I am unable
to keep generically separate from true Bahia, Its characters accordingly associate it with Am-
blyopappus, Hook. & Arn. (Aromia, Nutt. ; Infantea, Remy,) which may perhaps be kept
distinct for the sake of convenience, unless, as is likely, radiate and rayless heads should occur

in the same plant. _.

VILLANOVA CHRYSANTHEMOIDES, Gray, Pl. Wright 2, p.96. Rocky places near Hurrah creek ;
September. In a few heads some traces of a chaffy pappus were detected, showing that this is
really only an epappose Bahia.

Mono.opra MAJOR, DC. Prodr. 6, p. 74, A small form, Napa valley, Feather river, &., Cal-
ifornia; May. — : - :

Monotoria LaNcuoLata, Nutt. Pl. Gamb. in Jour. Acad., Philad., n. ser. 1, p. 175. Los An-
geles, California ; March. This comes from the same district as Nuttall’s M. lanceolata, and
was likewise gathered by Coulter, (No. 323.) The leaves are lanceolate, nearly all toothed,
and less woolly than those of M. major ; but the lowest are opposite, and the scales of the invo-
lucre are united to about the middle. — : .

Lastuexta (HoLoaymng) auapnata, Lindl, ; DC. Prodr, 5, p. 665, Near Tamul-Pass Moun-
tain, California; Aprilll. = ~~ tes . RC oh TO

_Burrrerta (Bazrts) curysostoma, Zorr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 379; and var. MACRANTHA. San
Francisco ; the variety on hills near Punta de los Reyes, California ; April. The stems, foliage, —
_ &e., of the variety accord with the larger states of Burriclia chrysostoma; but the head is of
extraordinary magnitude, the involucral scales being half an inch, and the rays an inch in length.

4 a > ;
~ ‘

BOTANY. = [107] 51

BuRRIELIA TENERRIMA, DC’. Prodr. 5, p. 663. Cocomungo, California; March. In the same
head some of the flowers present a pappus of a single large palea, (awned from a broad base ;)
others have a minute rudiment of a palea, the greater number none at all; thus destroying all
claims of Baeria to rank asa genus. Perhaps the epappose state of more than one Burrielia may
have been referred to B. chrysostoma. . .

_ Burrreria (Dichara) LaNnosa (sp. nov.): pygmea, arachnoideo-lanata, foliosa ; foliis lineari-
bus plerumque integerrimis ; capitulo sessili; involucri squamis oblongis ligulisque ovalibus
(albis?) 8; antheris appendice setiformi auctis; pappo ex aristis 4 subulatis scabris corolla’
paullo brevioribus et squamis totidem oblongis obtusis denticulatis alternantibus. Gravelly
hills near the Colorado of the West; February. The specimens are barely an inch high from
a slender annual root, leafy to the head, and clothed throughout with a loose white wool, They

are evidently early seedling plants, flowering at the first approach of spring, but probably
branching and increasing considerably in height as the season advances.. They were found.
growing along with equally pigmy specimens of Hremiastrum bellfffioides. _ Perhaps the wool is
deciduous with age. Leaves half an inch long, tapering downwards, one of them is two-lobed
at the apex. Involucre campanulate, two and a half or three lines long, resembling that of a
Bahia Eriophyllum. Ligules two lines long, broadly oval, truncate and emarginate or three-
toothed at the summit. Disk-flowers yellow. Anthers tipped with a setiform appendage almost
of their own length. The intermediate palew of the pappus almost half the length of the aris-
tiform ones, which are about two-thirds the length of the disk-corolla, Ovaries linear, minutely

M AUTUMNALE, Linn. Springs and wet places on the upper Canadian; September. A
roughish and rigid-leaved state. ;
Huientom Mexicanum, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Spec. 4, p. 299; DU. Prodr. 5, p, 666. Bolinas
Bay, California; April. The same as No. 357 of Coulter’s California collection. The pappus
is from a third to half the length of the disk-corolla, as it is in Humboldt’s plant. .
Hetenrum Bigetovir (sp. nov.): subglabrum ; caule bipedali simplici apice longe nudo mono-
cephalo vel superne parce ramoso; ramis monocephalis ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis integerrimis
parallele triplinerviis basi plerumque in caulem decurrentibus ; ligulis palmatifidis involucri
squamis subulatis et disco hemispherico paullo longioribus ; pappi paleis 5-7 ovato-lanceolatis.
aristatis corolla 5-dentata tertia parte breviore. Swamps near Santa Rosa Creek, California ;
May. Plant, when single-stemmed and simple, with much the aspect of a Leptopoda and of
Hecubeea ; the striate stem moderately leafy below, its naked summit or peduncle 10 or 12 inches
long, thickened under the head. One specimen, however, is considerably branched above.
Leaves from 3 to 6 inches long, 3 to 5 lines wide, erect, tapering to each end; the lower ones
: again dilated at the insertion, and mostly decurrent on the stem into a slight or manifest wing ; ;
the radical leaves similar, or rather shorter and broader. Rays numerous and crowded, bright
yellow. Disk two-thirds of an inch in diameter, between hemispherical and depressed-globose,
considerably larger than in any form of H. autumnale, but the rays not so
long in proportion. This handsome and well-marked species is dedicated to the discoverer.
Acrrneita Rrowarpsonu, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. l. ¢.; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 101.
- Pine and Cedar woods near Galisteo, New Mexico; October.
AcTINELLA

as is the receptacle,

a | ‘

-jnvolucri squamis biserialibus oblongis cano-vu )
Oot _ earistatis. In mountains and rocky places near

Reval ©
4 a
. et

-- © to 8 lines wide, the radical often spatulate and silky-canescent, at least Beneath, nearly as - >
; # 4 : ae | :
+) r , : ‘ ae : sof i,

52 [108] BOTANY.

acaulis, but the cauline or upper ones green and merely silky-pubescent, strongly punctate,
Peduncles or naked branches 3 to 4 inches long, almost filiform. Head small, the involucre
~ barely 3 lines in diameter. Rays 5 to 8, glandular-puberulent underneath. Pappus similar in
the disk and ray; the thin silvery scales very obtuse, marked with an indistinct mid-nerve,
which is abruptly produced into a slender awn rather shorter than they, and a little shorter
than the disk-corolla, Achenia silky-villous. The perennial root, thick caudices, and broader

leaves, the lower at least appressed-silky and canescent, distinguish this from any form of A.
linearifolia ; the much smaller heads, the less silvery foliage, the acute receptacle, and the
rounder pales of the pappus forbid its being viewed as an attenuated form of A. argentea.

“AcTINELLA AcavLis, Nutt. 1. c.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 389. On the crest of the Sandia
mountains, New Mexico; October 10. The scape,-2 or 3 inches long, and seldom exceeding
the linear silvery radical leaves, occasionally bears one or two similar leaves. ;

_ ACTINELLA scaposa, var. A glabra, Nutt. 1. c.; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Rocky ridges of the
Antelope hills, on the Canadian ; September. This is the same as the A. scaposa var. mutica,
Gray, Pl. Fendi. p. 101; and the pappus is sometimes awnless, sometimes short-awned. It ig
without doubt the A. glabra of Nuttall, (whose specimen probably came from the same district,
not from the Missouri,) but only a narrow-leaved and glabrate form of A. scaposa, :

AcHYRACHENA MoLLIS, Schauer ; DC. Prodr. 7, p. 492. On plains, Benicia and Ione valley,
California ; April—May. | : ey
_ - Lavra Catutenossa, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 103. Calliglossa Douglasii, Hook. & Arn. Bot.
Beech. p. 356. Fields at Benicia, California; April. - .
_ Lavra (Caricnroa) piatyetossa, Gray, lc. San Francisco and Los Angeles, California ;
March-April. eg
_ Lavra (Cattrcroa) pentacr zr, (sp. nov.): villoso-hispida ; foliis linearibus, inferioribus parce
- pinnatifidis, superioribus integerrimis; pappo ex aristis 5 tenui-setiformibus levibus ter se
zqualibus achenio pubescente et fere corolla equilongis. (Tab. XVI.) Hillsides at Knight’s ferry,
on the Stanislaus, California; May. This adds another to the already numerous species of this
genus, which so closely resemble one another that they can scarcely, if at all, be distinguished,
except by the pappus, or sometimes by the chaff of the receptacle. The present species falls
naturally into the section Callichroa, and is only to be distinguished from the more slender
forms of L. platyglossa, perhaps, by the rather smaller heads and less hairy achenia, but prin-
cipally and surely by its pappus of only five longer and smooth awns. These are slender and
bristle-like, naked, and only obscurely denticulate under a strong lens, Receptacle chaffy only
at the very margin. Rays cuneate, yellow throughout. 3 ge Re
Layra (Maparoazossa) GatnLaRpiorpEs, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 148 & p. 357. Napa
Valley and Tamul Pass, California; April. This is undoubtedly Hooker and Arnott’s species, —
on which the genus was originally founded. But there is seldom any chaff on the receptacle
within the exterior disk flowers, so that it wholly falls into the section Madaroglossa. Its
large rays trifid at the apex distinguish it from L. hieracioides. The fuscous pappus is villous
with rather scanty wool only next the base. :
Lavra (Maparoaiossa) caRNosA, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 7, p. 393, & in Torr. &
Gray, 1. c. Sandy beach, Punta de los Reyes, California ; April. : a
Lavra (Maparogtossa) mererorrtcna, Hook. & Arn., l. c.; Hook. Ic. Pl. ¢. 326. ‘Plains at
Knight’s Ferry, on the Stanislaus, California; May. 7
AGOPHYLLA DicHoTOMA, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 317. Plains of Feather river, near Marysville,
California ; May. The rays are bright yellow. The genus is distinguished from Hemizonia
by the obcompressed fertile achenia, completely enclosed by the subtending involucral scale, and
by the cuneiform, deeply trifid rays. The habit also is peculiar. Yet the genus may perhaps
pass into Hemizonia, although it is more distinct from it than Calycadenia is.

: %

LUZULGEOLIA, DC. Prodr. 5, p. 692. . Hillsides near Benicia, California ; April.

; -
iB ra Hoy

% i =_
nad Ps
yt * a ee - 7

BOTANY. [109] 53

Hemizonta Fitcnt (sp. nov.): annua, pilis longissimis patentibus arachnoideo-villosa; caule
rigido erecto superne demum ramoso ; foliis caulinis elongatis pinnatifidis vel pinnatipartitis,
(imis nunc fere bipinnatipartitis,) summis et ramealibus subulato-linearibus integerrimis seu
rariter dentatis rigidis pungenti-cuspidatis, floralibus capitulum sessile arcte involucrantibus et
bis superantibus ; involucri squamis 7-9 subulatis glandulis nonnullis parvis claviformibus ob-
-sitis ligulis oblongis apice bidentatis flavis paullo brevioribus; floribus disci (plusquam 30)
omnibus paleis receptaculi oblongis scariosis muticis ad apicem herbaceum longe crinitis fulcratis ;
pappo (fl. disc. ster.) corollam subsequantibus e paleis 8-12 auguste linearibus rigidis basi in
tubum vel in phalanges sepius pl. m. coalitis superne fimbriato-barbatis ; ovariis radii apice
valde gibbosis. Plains of the Sacramento, California; May ; where it was previously detected
by the Rev. Mr. Fitch. A well-marked and peculiar species, which will fall into none of the
sections of the genus, as they are limited in the Flora of North America; but in some respects
it approaches that section of Calycadenia which is formed of Nuttall’s Osinddonia, and of which
some additional species are now known. The present plant has a rigid and usually stout stem,
from three to twelve inches high, at first simple, and terminated by a single sessile head, (of
about an inch in diameter,) at length corymbosely branched, often from within the circle of
involucrate leaves, so as to appear proliferous. Cauline leaves of linear outline, two to three
inches long ; the rigid and springy-pointed rameal ones an inch or less in length, often fascicled.
Ligules three lines long, including the tube. Lobes of the disk-corolla short, ovate. Recep-
tacle chaffy throughout; the pale distinct, partly wrapped around the disk-flowers, The very
immature fertile achenia are obovate-trigonal, with a short inflexed stipe, a large dorsal hump,
and a short inflexed apical beak.

Hemizonra conaesta, DC. Prodr. ‘By p. 692. Caliente: Besides these specimens, I have
seen no indigenous ones except those of Douglas, who seems to have collected it sparingly. I
have, however, a specimen taken from a plant raised in the Cambridge Botanic Garden, in 1850,
from seeds received the previous year from the London Horticultural Society, under the name of
‘‘ Madaria corymbosa.’ Indeed, it is distinguishable from Madaria by the shape of the fertile
achenia alone. The foliage and young parts are more cinereous and soft-downy than i in Ma-
daria, and many of the leaves are serrulate-toothed.'

Maparia ELEGANS, DC. Prodr. 5, p. 692. Hill-sides, Knight’s Ferry, on the Stanislaus River ;

May.

Manta sativa, Molina; DC., 1. e. ” With the preceding, and in Napa Valley.

Mania RAcEMosA, Wutt. in asthe Amer. Phil. Soc. ; Torr. & Gray, F1. NV. Amer. 2, p. 405.

dill-sides, with the preceding.

_ _Harpacarrus mapariores, Nutt., 1. ¢. ; Torr. & Some: Fi. N. Amer. 2, p. 406. ro eae
Napa Valley; April: a small fort ; andiinight’ s Ferry ; May: a larger state.

CaLycapENIA cepHatotes, DC. Prodr. 5, p. 695; also, C. multiglandulosa, DC. . c., which
is a more elongated and glandular state. Hill- side and plains, Knight’s Ferry, on the Binnie
. digas $ May. <a

“Manuta Coruxa, DC. sh aga jp. 13. Knight’s Ferry, on the Stanislaus, California ; May.
Doubtless introduced.

ACHILLEA “Minterontu, Linn. eee mountain streams, New Mosics; ; October: Benicia,
California ; April.
Barmera PLentraprata, Harv. & Gray, in Pl. Fendl. p. 106. Gravelly hills and arroyos,
New Mexico; October-November.
BaILEYA MULTIRADIATA, Hare. & Gray, 1. ¢.; : Torr. in Emory, Rep. p. 144, ¢. 6. Williams’

River; February.

MArRIcartAa piscomea, DC. Prodr. 6, p. 52. Corte Madera, California ; April.

1 Hemizonia filipes, Hook. & Arn., is erence Lagophylla, L. FILIPEs. Hartmannia ciliata, DC., is surely Oxyura
chrysanthemoides. There is no specim: Candollean apiece whence I suppose that De Candolle had dis-
covered the fact and united the ia ek omitted to erase the species under Hartmannia from his manuscript. '

=

a

54 [110] BOTANY.

Coruna coronoprFoLIA, Linn. ; DC. 1. c. p. 78. Swampy places, Benicia, California ; April.
Laguna, near San Francisco, Mr. H. G. Bloomer. Dr. Bigelow does not seem to have thought
this an introduced plant; but it was probably brought to California from the Old World.

ARTEMISIA DRACUNCULOIDES, Pursh., Fl. 2, p. 742; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 416. Rocky hills
along the Canadian River; August. |

Arremista caupata, Miche. Fl. 2, p. 129. Sandy bottoms of the Canadian ; September.

Artemisia Fitiroita, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New York 2, p. 211, & in Marcy’s Rep. t. 12. Rocky

hills on the Canadian ; August.

Anrtemista BicELovi (sp. nov.): fruticosa, humilis, incana; foliis utrinque albo-sericeis
cuneato-linearibus seu augustissime cuneatis apice tridentatis, floralibus parvis integerrimis ;
capitulis obovatis parvis glomeratis longe spicato-paniculatis ; involucro tomentoso seepissime
trifloro ; floribus 2 hermaphroditis, unico feemineo ; corolla glabra. Rocks and cafions on the
Upper Canadian and Llano Estacado. A much branched, shrubby species, apparently only a
foot high, and of the section Abrotanum; very canescent all over, the crowded leaves and
branchlets with a fine and close silvery sericeous pubescence, the heads (which are glomerate,
into a strict and virgate, interrupted, spicate panicle, of fully the length of the leafy branches)
more tomentose. Leaves 3 to 7 lines long, 1 to 2 lines broad at the truncate and 3-toothed or
3-lobed apex, thence tapering to the base, equally silky-canescent on both sides, the broader
ones triplinerved above ; the floral ones very small, filiform-linear, entire, scarcely as long as
the glomerules they subtend. Heads a line and a half long, usually three-flowered, sometimes
only two-flowered, but one of them always slender and pistillate only, apparently all of them
fertile. Scales of the involucre oblong, obtuse; the exterior with slight scarious margins, the
innermost scarious, villous-ciliate. This might be mistaken for a small and narrow-leaved stato
of A tridentata, Nuté.; but the heads are smaller, more hoary, fewer-flowered, and heteroga-
mous, while in that species (rightly referred to the section Seriphidium) the flowers are all her-
maphrodite.

Artemista Lupovictana, Nutt.: an entire-leaved variety. Hills and plains, with the last
species. a ’

Arremisia FRiawa, Willd.; DC. Prodr, 6, p. 125. La Cuesta, New Mexico; on mountains
and plains; September. Bs ; a

Finaco parvuna, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 432. Hill-sides, Napa Valley, California ; April.
Plant a span to nearly a foot high, the fascicles of capituli terminating the corymbose branches.
Involucral scales and chaff mostly obtuse, the exterior with a narrowed apex. =

ANTENNARIA LuzULOIDES, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 430: var. foliis inferioribus oblongo-spath-
ulatis. A. argentea, Benth. Pl. Hartw. no. 1810, p. 319. Duffield’s Ranch, in the Sierra
Nevada, California; May. The male plant only. Stem 12 to 18 inches high. Scales of the
involucre either white or tinged with rose-color. ~

GNAPHALIUM CaLIForNicuM, DC. Prodr. 6, p. 224. San Francisco. Punta de los Reyes ;
April. San Gabriel ; March.

GwarHatiuM Sprencstn, Hook. & Arn. Between the upper Canadian and the Rio Grande,
New Mexico. Cocomungo, California; March. :

GwapHatium Patusrre, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p.427. Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus River,
California; May; on the sides of rivulets. Albuquerque, New Mexico; October: the variety
with smooth achenia.

GNAPHALIUM PURPUREUM, Linn. San Francisco; April. ;

GNAPHALIUM MicRocEPHALUM, Nutt.; Gray, Pl. Wright. 1, p. 124. Rocky places. Hurrah
Creek, New Mexico; September.

GNAPHALIUM STRICTUM (sp. nov.): annuum, cano-lanatum+; caule simplici stricto; foliis an-
gustissime linearibus elongatis ; capitulis in axillis arcte glomeratis ; glomerulis subsessilibus
folioso-bracteatis foliis multo brevioribus longe interrupto-spicatis; invyolucro campanulato,
squamis exterioribus lanceolatis subfuscis, intimis linearibus apice albidis ; acheniis levibus,

BOTANY. [111] 55

Banks of the Rio Grande, near Albuquerque; October. Stems 3 to 9 inches high, virgate.
Leaves uniform from the base to the apex of the stem, an inch or an inch and a half long,
rather crowded, almost filiform. Heads rather larger than those of G. uliginosum, densely
congested into woolly capitate glomerules, one in each axil, and forming a long and virgate,
interrupted, leafy spike. Flowers very numerous. Receptacle broad and flat. Involucre about
the length of the disk. To this apparently well-marked species belongs a specimen gathered by
Frémont, in his first expedition, on the Sweet-water of the Platte. Its strict and virgate
stems and inflorescence, and the very narrow leaves, distinguish it at once from G. uliginosum
and any allied species.

Senecio Finirotius, Nutt. var. Jamesi, Zorr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 444; and var. Fremontu,
Torr. & Gray, l.c. Rocky hills of the Upper Canadian ; September.

Szengcro tonerLopus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. var. Rocky places, Hurrah Creek, New Mexico;
September.

Senecio Fenpiert, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 108. Sandia mountains, New Mexico; October.
The specimens exactly accord with those of Fendler’s collection. :

SenEcIO EREMOPHILUS, Richards.; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 108. Mountain arroyos, near Santa
Antonita, New Mexico; October.

SenEcto EuRYcEPHALUs, Torr. & Gray, Pl. Fendi. p. 109, var. mason; foliis tantum pinnati-
fidis, radicalibus superne integris inferne dentatis rariter laciniato-lobatis. On plains, near
Murphy’s, California; May. The heads and flowers accord with those of Frémont’s and Hart-
weg’s specimens of 8. eurycephalus; but the plant is larger, apparently 3 or 4 feet high; the
cauline leaves are 6 to 9 inches long, lanceolate in outline, obtuse, laciniate-pinnatifid, with
irregular and unequal oblong lobes; the radical leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, sparingly and
irregularly pinnatifid only at the base. All these species may be expected to be polymorphous
in foliage.

Senecto ExaLtatus, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 439. Hill-sides, near Downieville, Cali-
fornia; May.

SENEcIo EXALTATUS, Nutt., var. UNIFLoscuLUs. Hill- ides, Grass Valley, California; May. A
slender form, and with a solitary ray, or sometimes perhaps rayless.

Senecio anonicowes, DC. Prodr. 6, p. 426. Hills, near San Francisco and Punta de los
Reyes; April. Also, with slightly-toothed leaves and few heads, Duffield’s Ranch, in the Sierra
Nevada; May.

Senecro Catrrornicus, DC. 1. c., var. foliis caulinis laciniato-pinnatifidis. Cocomungo, Cali-
fornia, in sandy plains; March. This appears to differ from 8. Californicus, 8. DC., only in
the laciniate-pinnatifid or toothed leaves. The heads are larger than in Nuttall’s 8. Coronopus.

Senecio Braztovir (sp. nov.): glabra; caule simplici e radice perenni apice racemoso-3—15-
cephalo ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis argute calloso-dentatis in petiolum longum m gi-
natum contractis, supremis lanceolatis basi augusta semiamplexicaulibus ; capitulis magnis
nutantibus homogamis ; inyolucro late campanulato 10-12-phyllo basi bracteolis paucis brevibus
setaceis calyculato, squamis acutis equalibus, exterioribus lanceolatis, interioribus latioribus
scarioso-marginatis ; ligulis nullis; acheniis glaberrimis. In mountain arroyos, near Camp
Douglas, New Mexico; October. Plant entirely glabrous. Stem rather stout, erect, 18 inches
to 2 feet or more in height, rather leafy to the top; the uppermost leaves reduced to bracts.
Lower leaves 3 to 5 inches long, abruptly contracted at the base into a margined or winged
petiole of 2 or 3 inches in length ; the upper successively narrower and with shorter petioles, or
at length sessile. Heads racemose, nodding on the summit of erect and naked or slightly
bracteolate peduncles of 1} to 3 inches in length, very large for a Senecio, from half to three
quarters of an inch in length and breadth, many-flowered. Involucre rather fleshy, a little
shorter than the flowers, very minutely bracteolate; the scales 5 or 6 lines long, herbaceous,
with abrupt hyaline-scarious margins, which on the alternate and interior scales arg broad and

#

56 [112] BOTANY.

conspicuous. Corollas yellow, narrowly infundibuilform-tubular, rather deeply 5-toothed at the
summit, externally callous-thickened, and reticulated at the tip. Stamens, style, &c., as in
Senecio. Achenia linear, perfectly pieous, strongly ribbed or angled, fully 3 usaw long.
Pappus soft and fine, white, minutely scabrous. This striking species may perhaps be taken
for a Cacalia ; but I see nothing to distinguish it from Senecio. There is no North American
species with which I can compare it, except 8. Frémontii, Torr. & Gray, which has much
smaller and radiate heads.

Haptorstues Grecen, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 109. Gypsum hills, on the Upper Canadian ;
September.

CrrsiuM uNDULATUM, Spreng.; DC.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 456. Plains of the Upper Cana-
dian to Anton Chico, in the mountains ; September. .

Cirsium aLtissimuM, Spreng.; Torr. & Gray, 1. e. Woods, near Shawneetown; August.

**Stem 10 feet high.’’
_ Crrstum CaLIFoRNIcUM (sp. nov.): elatum, ramosum ; foliis caulinis lanceolatis basi sub-
decurrentibus infra medium sinuato-pinnatifidis doationtghls spinulosis supra glabris vel
glabratis subtus ramisque arachnoideis ; capitylis longe pedunculatis hemisphericis ; involucro
ebracteato glabrato, squamis subulato-lanceolatis superne subfoliaceis patulis spinula brevi
cuspidatis. Hill-sides, near Knight’s Ferry, on the Stanislaus, California; May. Only the
upper part of an apparently tall plant was collected. The largest leaves (upper cauline) are 5
or 6 inches long, an inch wide, obtusely sinuate-pinnatifid from the middle to the base, the
summit entire; the upper surface green, sparingly arachnoid when very young, soon glabrous
and smooth, the lower clothed with a thin and whitish arachnoid wool, not more dense than
that of C. lanceolatum. Heads solitary, terminating nearly naked beanphas or peduncles of 5
to 8 inches long, erect, rather smaller than those of C. lanceolatum. Scales of the involucre
occupying only about five series, slightly arachnoid, soon glabrous, smooth ; the coriaceous base
appressed ; the upper half of all except the innermost spreading, and more or less green,
narrow, tapering into a small prickle of not more than two lines in length. Flower apparently
pale purple or pink. Pappus not very copious, 7 lines long.

Onoporpon AcantuiuM, Linn. ? San Francisco; April. The heads undeveloped.

Smypgum Marranum, Gertn. Stanislaus River, uear Knight’s Ferry, California; May. A
single specimen occurs in the collection ; its ticket has no indication of the plant Soir other-
wise than indigenous ; but it was doubtless introduced from the south of Europe.

Prreata NANA, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 111, & Pl. Wright. 1, p. 125. Plains, near Laguna
Colorado, New Mexico ; September.

CALAIS MACROCHATA, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 112, adn.* San Francisco, California; April. The

*The recent accessions to this group of plants render the union of Scorzonella, Nutt. and Ptilophora, Gray, Pl. Fendl. l. c.,
withalais inevitable, as will be seen by the following synoptical view :
CALAIS, DC. Prodr. 7, p. 85, char. auct.
Capitulum multi-(rarius pauci)-floruam. Involucrum cylindraceum vel campanulatum, aut simplex basi calyculatum, aut

imbricatum pauciseriale. ptaculum epaleaceum planum. Achenia teretia, 10-14-costata, aut erostria aut sursum rostrato-
attenuata. Sagaced PN e paleis scariosis aristatis 5-10 vel 14-22, aristis scabris barbellatis vel plumosis. Herbe Americe
Boreali-Occidentali nge nudis monocephalis, floribus flavis.

§ 1. Canocatnats, De. Achenia iieitti, apice attenuata vel breviter rostrata. Pappus (seepissime niveus) e paleis 5 apice
bifidis ex sinu aristam rin proferentibus. Inyolu ucri squamee exteriores breviores. Ligule breves vix exserte. Monocarpice,
leptorhize, subcaulesce

1. C. LINEARIFOLIA, $e, 1. ¢., excl. bséer C. Lindleyi, DC.

2, C. macrocuzTa, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 112, excl. ayn

_ 3. C. Parryt (sp. nov.): seaposa, fere glabra; i i bobt i
brevioribus ; pappi paleis oblongis apice bifidis arista e sina exserente barbellato-scabra dimidio brevioribus. Near San r=
va” Dr. Parry. (Achenia not seen.)

- Euvcarass, DC. Achenia breviora, linearia vel shies basi attenuata, erostria, apice truncata, extima villosa. Pappus
ha vel rufidulus) e paleis 5 ogg se in aristam barbellato-scabram productis. Retires basi calyculatum ; squame
arg inter se equales. Ligule breviusculw, exsertw. Monocarpice, leptorhize, sc A

. Douerasn, DC. I. c.

BOTANY. [113] 57

specimens are barely in flower, and therefore too young for ascertaining the form of the achenia,
But the pappus and the euconiate very taper-pointed involucral scales are just as in C. macro-
cheeta, and the whole plant resembles the Oregon specimens, except that the leaves are mostly
Sapaiet with longer linear lobes; a character of no specific value in this and other Cichora-
ceous genera, and not uniform in > sai specimens. These plants, like so many others of the
same and similar regions, spring from seed apparently in the autumn, and flower in the vernal
season ; so that one is in doubt whether to call them annuals or hia otia between which there
is no marked distinction in such climates.

Caxais Dovetasu, DC. Prodr. 7, p. 85. Low or wet places, Mark West’s creek, California ;
April. A depauperate state, with ao and only about 10-flowered heads, none of the ex-
terior achenia hirsute. Still the few specimens gathered (mixed with another species) cannot
safely be regarded as specifically distinct from C. Douglasii.

ALAIS BiaELovit (sp. nov.): scaposa, spithamea; foliis pinnatipartitis, lobis plerumque
crebris linearibus acutis, majoribus sepe laciniatis; involucro calyculato; acheniis oblongo-
turbinatis apice truncatis, (nec rostratis nec sursum angustatis,) externis villosissimis ; po
paleis 5 oblongo-ovatis in aristam barbellulatam iisdem longiorem subito productis. (Tab. XV II.)
Corte Madera, California; April. This species is most nearly related to C. Douglasii; but the
heads are smaller and siete ; the (ovate-lanceolate) scales of the involucre broader; the
achenia barely 2 lines long when apparently full grown, and tapering from the broad truncate
summit to the base, the exterior densely villous, the others smooth, or nearly so; the fuscous
pales of the pappus are of nearly the length of the achenium, their strong midnerve produced
abruptly from the apex into an arwn, which is about a third longer than the palea itself.

CaLaIs CYCLOCARPHA (sp. nov.): scarpsra, glaberrima; foliis scapis dimidio brevioribus in-
tegris et pinnatifidis, lobis integerrimis ; involucro calyculato ; ; acheniis oblongis sub apice
truncato levissime contractis, extimis villosissimis ; pappi paleis 5 orbiculatis integris achenio
| dimidio arista barbellulata circiter triplo Pravin ga. (Tab. XVIII.) Napa Valley, California,
on grassy plains and hill-sides; May. Root annual, slender, as in all the species of true
Calais. Leaves 5 to 9, the naleed scapes 6 to 18, inches long. Involucre 5 to 6 inches long;
campanulate, glabrous, of 10 or 11 ovate-lanceolate equal proper scales, and of 6 or 7 very short

5. C. BieeLovi, sp. nov. Vide

6. C. cycLocaRPHa, sp. nov. Vide

7. C. PLATYCARPHA (sp. nov.): _Pappi goes latissime ovalibus integerrimis brevissime aristatis. San Luis Rey, California,
Dr. Parry

§3. cree hp re Achenia clavato-oblonga, erostria, apice obtuso areola parva terminata! omnia glabra. et Scorzo-
prs sed paleis multum paucioribus (1-5) et deciduis, quandoque nullus! Involucrum fere Eucalaidis, 8-12 fi

re eek monocarpica, radice exili.

ere C. TENELLA, sp.nov. Vide supra, p. 112.

§ 4. ScorzoNeLLa. (Scorzonella, Nutt.) Achenia brevia, truncata, hand apice vix basi angustata. Pappus e paleis e
brevissimis lato-ovatis integerrimis, arista capillari acre tncrnenaeae aaa gnc constans. Involucri squam:

aules subramosi plures, ice perenni tuberosa fusifo
W9. Giacmiata”Hymenoama? lactam Boake F Fl. Bor.-4m. 1, p. 301. Scorzonella laciniata and S. leptosepala? Nuit.
"in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. 7, p. 426; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 470. Hymenonema ? glaucum, Hook. 1. ¢., (Scorzonella
glauca, Nuit. 1. c.,) is either an allied species, or only an wieeincda state of C. laciniata.

§5. Anacatars. Achenia linearia, erostria, © omnia glabra. Pappus (sordidus) e paleis 6-9 vel sepissime 10 lanceolatis in-
imis in ari subgradatim imbricate, acuminate. Ligule exserte,
e te. Caulis simplex e radice bienni? gracili vel subfusiformi, basim versus foliosus.

ee. SYLVATICA. Vide supra, p. 11d Scorzonella sylvatica, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 320.

§6. PriopHora. (Ptilophora, Gray, non Kutzing.) Achenia oblongo-linearia, erostrata. Pappus (albus) e © paleis 14-22
brevissimis aristam prelongam molliter plumosam gerentibus. Inyolucri squame inequales, extime brevio. es.

ramosi, € mi i fusiformi vel tuberosa,
bare C. Sveriisc. eae: Geyer. Ptilophora nutans, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 113.
i jor, Gray l.c

is bak ecu he ete ‘tine Mack aad any ‘of the cite apd to rank as distinct from Calais, but too close a transition is found
in section 5. Sao Ptilophora is preoceupied in the Alge. Still it may serve to designate a subgenus in resen
instance ise the acme may be called Ptilecalais.

: 8

58 [114] 3 BOTANY.

and small calyculate ones. Flowers numerous. Achenia only 3_lines long, terete and strongly

10-ribbed in the manner of the genus, narrowed at the base, very slightly coutiactal underneath
the large and truncate summit, the inner ones scabrous on the ribs. Pale of the pappus of a
firm scarious texture, dretlythy each other in a convolute manner, or else imbricated, a line and
a half long, and of equal breadth, whitish, appressed-puberulent.or scabrous externally (at
least the exterior ones) as in Eucalais generally, entire, or erose-denticulate near the summit,
where the thick midnerve is abruptly produced into a long and rather stout arwn. This is well
distinguished by the pappus, &c., from any one yet described, and is most nearly related to an
unpublished species (C. phityearphi) found by Dr. Parry at San Luis Rey, of which better
materials are wanted, but which appears to be clearly distinguished by the larger palex of the
pappus, tipped with very short arwns. Both in the achenia and the pappus C. cyclocarpha
makes an approach to Scorzonella,

CaLais (APHANOCALAIS) TENELLA (sp. nov.): annua, scaposa, fere glabra; foliis linearibus in-
tegerrimis et laciniato-pinnatifidis scapo filiformi subeequilongis ; capitulo 8-12-floro ; involucro
calyculato, squamis lanceolatis obtusiusculis; acheniis conformibus glabris oblongo-clavatis
erostratis, areola terminali parva; pappo aut nullo aut sepiuse paleis 1-5 brevissimis lato-
deltoideis in aristam tenuem nudam iisdem multoties longiorem productis decidius. (Tab.
XVII.) Napa Valley, California, in plains and grassy places; May. (On the Sacramento river,
Rev. Mr. Fitch.) Plant about a span high, slender, glabrous. Head nodding before anthesis.
Involucre 3 lines long, of 7 to 10 equal scales, and of 5 or 6 minute calyculate scales. Corolla
yellow. Achenia nearly 2 lines long, narrowed at the base, not at all contracted towards the
summit, strongly 10-ribbed, the ribs upwardly scabrous, the apex obtuse, but not truncate, the
derriithial areola being much smaller than the diameter of the achenium. Some of the achenia
are destitute of pappus, at least in many specimens ; others in the same head bear from one to
four, or sometimes five, capillary, barely scabrous arwns, which are abruptly dilated at the base
into a very short and broad palea, just as in Scorgonellas laciniata. So that this connects Scor-
zonella, and the following connects Ptilophora, with Calais.

Catats (Anacanats) syitvatica. Scorzonella sylvatica, Benth. Pl. Hartw. No. 1815, P. 320.
Sonora, California; on hills; May. The slender but sometimes fusiform-thickened root is that
of biennial. Pappus sordid, of 6 to 9, or more commonly 10 pale ; the long arwns strongly
barbellate, almost plumose. The leaves in these specimens are scarcely, if at all, pinnatifid.
On Mark West’s creek, April 30, in low wet places, was gathered a specimen of what may (on
account of an intermediate form gathered by Dr. Stillman) be received as a variety of this
species, with the involucral scales all lanceolate and taper-pointed, and the arwns of the pappus
less strongly barbellate.

RaFuvesquia Neo-Mexicana, Gray, Pl. Wright. 2, p.103. Gravelly hills of the Rio Colorado ;
February. In the single specimen the rays of the pappus are only 8, or even sometimes fewer.

STEPHANOMERIA MINOR, Wutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser.'1, p. 427. Plains, between
the Canadian and the Rio Grande, New Mexico; September, This and 8. runcinata are doubt-
less the same.

Lyeopesmia JuncEa, Don; Hook, Fl. Bor.-Am. 1, p. 295, ¢, 103. Buffalo plains, Upper
Canadian ; September.

Pygruopaprus Carouinianus, DO. Prodr. = p. 144. Beavertown, Arkansas; and on the
grassy bottoms of the Rio Grande, New Mexi

Macroruyncuts RETRoRsUS, Benth. Pl. Harto. No. 1817, p. 320. Hill-sides, Sonora, Cali-
fornia; May. Plant stouter than Hartweg’s specimens, and the fully developed head larger,
but otherwise the same. Stems afoot high. Head from an inch to an inch and a half, or in
fruit two inches long, cylindraceous, or at length cylindrical; the scales of the involucre all
acute, somewhat tinged with purple; the exterior short, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, obscurely
foliaceous above. Achenia all alike, oblong, smooth, and glabrous, wingless, acutely ribbed

BOTANY, — [115] 59

and angled, somewhat muricate-toothed in a ring at the abrupt origin of the very long and
capillary beak, which is more than thrice the length of the achenium. The latter is only 24
lines long, while the beak is three-fourths of an inch long ; the pappus fully half an inch long.
The lobes of the leaves are all retrorse and callous-tipped, as described by Mr. Bentham.

MACRORHYNCHUS GRANDIFLORUS, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2, p. 492, (Stylopappus grandiflorus,
Nutt.) : var. involucri squamis exterioribus aut ovatis appendice acuminatis aut oblongo-lanceo-
latis. Hill-sides, Napa Valley, near Sonoma; May. Head: in fruit an inch and a half long,
broader and proportionally shorter than in M. retrorsus, the external calycnlate scales more
foliaceous and spreading. Achenia smooth and glabrous, oblong, acutely ribbed and angled,
barely 24 lines long, abruptly tapering into a filiform beak of three-fourths of an inch in length;
the pappus only 43 lines long. This may be a larger state of M. laciniatus, (of which I have
only a miserable flowering specimen,) but it plainly passes into M, grandiflorus. The achenia
differ from those of M. retrorsus, and the lobes or lacinize of the leaves are either spreading or
* ascending. .

MacroruyNeuvs numius, Benth. Pl. Hartw. No. 1816, p. 320. Hills, near Punta de los
Reyes, California; April. The leaves are larger and more glabrate than in my specimen of
Hartweg’s plant ; the scape 6 to 10 inches high. The fusiform achenia are from 1} to 2 lines
long ; the external rather longer than the inner ones; the latter more strongly and sharply
ribbed, as Mr. Bentham remarks, The beak, though apparently full grown, is not longer than
the achenium. If it varies so as to be “‘ more than twice the length of the achenium,’’ as
Bentham characterizes the species, then it must pass, I should think, into M. Lessingii, Hook.
& Arn.; of which we have no fruiting or certain materials; but it is said to have the beak
‘* nearly thrice the length of the achenium.’’ 7

MAcRORHYNCHUS HeETEROPHYLLUs, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1. c.; Torr. & Oray, Fl, 2,
p. 493. M. Chilensis, Hook, in Lond. Jour. Bot. 6, p. 256. Fields, Benicia and San Geronimo
Ranch, California; April. This abounds in California and Oregon, where it is the only annual
species known. Hooker pronounces this to the M. Chilensis; and it doubtless must be so
considered, if that is held to include all the Chilian species. But the short wing-ribbed
achenium (1} to 2 lines long) and long beak (of 3 to 4} lines) distinguish it from M. levigatus,
and less decidedly from M. pterocarpus, to one or the other of which Lessing’s M. Chilensis is
referred, though in neither are the achenia “ plano-obcompressed.’’ The ribs or wings of M.
heterophyllus vary considerably in strength; they are scarcely, if at all, serruelate. When less
salient and acute, they remain straight and even; when more developed, especially in the ex-
terior achenia, these wings become strongly undulate at or before maturity, sometimes very
strikingly so, giving the body of the achenium a remarkable corrugated appearance. Some
different state of the marginal achenia has probably served as the basis of Nuttall’s Crypto-
pleura Californica ; but I have seen nothing that accords with his character of it,

TROXIMON PARVIFLORUM, Nutt. in Trans Amer. Phil. Soc. l. c., p. 434. Macrorhynchus cyn-
thioides, Hook, Pl. Geyer, in Lond. Jour. Bot. 4, p. 256, ex char. Sandia mountains, New —
Mexico; October. The specimens, with mature fruit, are taller than Nuttall’s; the scapes 9
inches high ; the scales of the involucre tinged with purple, and the ligules of a remaining
flower appear to have been purple. I suspect that T. roseum, Nuét., is only a variety of this
with pinnatifid leaves and purplish or rose-colored flowers. I should confidently refer the
present specimens to Macrorhynchus purpureus, Gray, Pl. Fendl., were it not for the short
and stouter beak, of less than half the length of the body of the achenium; and the pappus is,
perhaps, a little stiffer. Whether the difference holds constant or not, it is evident that the
present plant effects a real transition between Troximon and Macrorynchus,

MULGEDIUM PULCHELLUM, Nutt. 1.c. Banks of the Pecos, New Mexico ; October.

Soncuus overaceus, Linn, Near San Gabriel, California; March.

itt

ad

60 [116] BOTANY.

LOBELIACEZ.

DowNnINGIA PutcHELLA. Clintonia pulchella, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1909; Hook. & Arn. Bot.
Beechey, p. 362. C. corymbosa, DC. Prodr. 7, p. 347. Borders of pools, on the Stanislaus
River; May 8: and Santa Rosacreek; May1. As the Clintonia of Rafinesque was published some
years earlier than Douglas’, we propose to dedicate this beautiful genus of annuals, now so
frequent an ornament of our gardens, to the memory of the late A. J. Downing, Esq., whose
name, in every part of the world, is associated with horticulture.*

CAMPANULACEA.

HETEROCODON RARIFLORUM, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. (n. ser.) 8, p. 255. Grassy plains,
Napa Valley, California; May 5. Dr. Parry and Rev. Mr. Fitch also found this plant in Cali-
fornia, It is a neat and very delicate annual, with flowers only 2 or 3 lines in diameter.

Dismicopon Catirornicum, Nutt. 1, c. Plains and mountains near Marysville, California ;
May 25. Very near D. ovatum, and perhaps not distinct from that species. The uppermost
flowers are nearly as large as in D. perfoliatum, and blue.

GITHOPSIS SPECULARIOIDES, Nutt. 1.c. Hill-sides and plains along the Stanislaus and Sacra-
mento, also at Martinez; April—May. Most of the specimens belong to the vari. hirsuta,
of Nuttall 1. ¢.

ERICACEA.

Vaccinium ovatum, Pursh; Dunal, in DC. Prodromus 1, p.570. Mountains near Oakland ;
April 4.

Arsutus Menzies, Pursh Fl, 1, p. 282; DO.1.c., p. 582. Mountains near Oakland, and
in other parts of California. A tree 40 feet high.

ARCTOSTAPHYLOS TOMENTOSA, Dougl.; DC. Prodr. 7, p. 585. Xerobotrys tomentosus, cordifolius,
etc., Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. Wos Angeles; March 22. A shrub 4 or 5 feet high.

ARcrostaPHYLos eLauca, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub t. 1791? Xerobotrys glaucus, Nutt.1.c. Hills
near Downieville ; May 21.

ARCTOSTAPHYLOS PUNGENS, H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 3, p. 278; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3027. A.
Hookeri, Don. Andromeda? venulosa, DC. Xerobotrys venulosus, ete., Nutt. Daphnidos-
tylis pungens Hookeri, Klotzsch, in Linnea 24, p. 81. Hills near Downieville, and San
Francisco; May 22: in flower. Napa Valley; April 25: with old fruit.*

AZALEA OCCIDENTALIS, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ined. A. calendulacea, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 321.
Rhodedendron calendulaceum, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 362. faguna de Santa Rosa, in
low and wet ravines; May 1. Differs from A. calendulacea, among other characters, in its
white flowers. ;

PyroLa cHLoranTHa, Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 273; Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2, p. 46. Hills near
Downieville, Yuba river; May 22.

CuIMApsita Menzixstr, Pihak: Fl. Bor.-Amer. p. 49, t. 138. C. dasystemon, Haw. Supp. Hill-
sides near Downieville, (with bao ong flower bods: )

Prerospora AnpROMEDEA, Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 269; Torr. Fl. N. York 1, p. 458. Hill-sides,
Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada; May 11, (in fristt:) The only specimen collected is more
than two feet high. |

*Kunth (Enum. 5, p. 156, adnot.) proposed to change the later name of Lindley to Wittia, in henor of the same distinguis shed
statesman and patron of science (De Witt Clinton) to whom the earlier genus was dedicated. But it would be inadmissible to
bestow two genera on the same person

= «*The genera cera severed teas Arctostaphylos are not well founded. Different fruits of A. Uva-Ursi, both
American and European specimens, exhibit the characters of — Klotzsch, Xerobotrys, Nuit., and even of
Cdeeekiie Zuce. Indeed, one of Klotzsch’s new species of Daphnidostylis (D. Fendleri) is only Arctustaphylo
Uva Ursi’’ Gray, Mss.

BOTANY. [117] 61

SaRcopEs SANGUINEA, Torr. in Smithson. Contrib. 6, p. 19, t. 10. Hill-sides, Duffield’s Ranch,
“Sierra Nevada; May 12. Fine specimens, in full flower, of this rare plant were collected by
Dr. Bigelow. They differ from Fremont’s only in the scales being more strongly ciliate.

PLANTAGINACE. (By A. Gray.)

Puantago MaRITIMA, Linn. Corte Madera, California, within reach of the tide; April. The
sepals, especially the posterior ones, are strongly crested, more so perhaps than in the plant of
the Atlantic States, which seems to pass by gradations into the northern crestless form, ef
juncoides, Lam., P. pauciflora, Pursh, and P. decipiens, Barnéoud.

PLaNntTaGo PataGonica, Jacq. var. GNAPHALIOIDES. P. gnaphalioides, Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 100.
Williams’ Fork of the Great Colorado; February: a depauperate form. Cocomungo; March: a
stiil more diminutive and glabrate form. A widely diffused species, extending nearly the
whole length of the continent on the western side, and with us exhibiting some remarkable
varieties ; for to this species we must refer not only the Chilian P. Patagonica, (P. mollis, Hook.
& Arn.,) but P. Hookeriana, Fisch, & Meyer, P. gnaphalioides, Nutt., P. spinulosa, Decaisne,
P. curta, Engelm., P. Wrightiana, Decaisne, P. Xorullensis, H.B.K.?, P. aristata, Miche.,
P. squarrosa, Nutt., and P. filiformis, Decaisne. This species is diwcio-dimorphous, some indi-
viduals having small anthers on short filaments, and mostly included in the throat of the corolla,
while others bear large anthers on long exserted filaments as in the genus generally. Both sorts
perfect fruit, but the former (as is usual in such cases) is the most fruitful.

Prantaaco BreeLovi (sp. nov.): pusilla, parce minutim hirsuta vel glabrata, anvua ; foliis
carnulosis lineari-filiformibus obtusis integerrimis ; spica brevi-oblongo 3-12-flora densa ; sta-
minibus 2; capsula oblongo-ovoidea 3-4-sperma bractea ovata acuta calyceque longiore.
Benicia, California; April 23. Leaves 1-2 inches long, half a line wide. Scape 2-3 inches
high. Bracts carinate, the margins broadly scarious. Sepals broadly oval, very obtuse,
scarious, with a green and thickened centre. Flowers twice as large as those of P. pusilla, in
the specimens all perfect and fertile; the two stamens more or less exserted, but not so long as
the style. Lobes of the corolla ovate, open or spreading in fruit. Capsule a line and a half
long at maturity, when it becomes one-third longer than the calyx. Ovules 2 in each cell.
Seeds oblong, nearly as in P. pusilla. By the latter we mean, of course, Nuttall’s P. pusilla,
not what Decaisne has taken for it, and characterized in DeCandolle’s Prodromus. His plant,
as also his P. perpusilla, is P. heterophylla, Nutt. in Zrans, Amer, Phil. Soc. Nn. 8€7. 5, p. 17%,
which, although often larger and with sparingly-toothed or incised leaves, is to be distinguished
with certainty only by its 10-28-seeded capsule, more oblong or conoidal in form, and exserted
to twice the length of the calyx when mature. P. pusilla has only a pair of ovules and seeds
in each cell. These three species accord in being diandrous, (a fact first noted for P. pusilla
by Dr. Torrey in his Flora of New York, where, however, the capsule is inadvertently said to
be two-seeded, instead of four-seeded ;) but P. tenuiflora, A7é., is not so: they are also sub-
dicecious or dicecio-dimorphous, more decidedly so than P. Patagonica, and with the corolla
inclined to be closed in the more fertile form, but less so than in P. Virginica* and its allies.

*It is remarkable that the diccio-dimorphous character of the wide-spread and variable P. Virginica (which includes P.
mingiana ? and purpurascens, (Nutt., of Decaisne) and some allied species, has not long
before this been distinctly made out. Both subseres have been described, indeed ; some authors indicating the one, some the

é . : b

seed described, although specimens of all of them have been examined y
cence it Hidily happens that a dried specimen of a truly fertile plant fails to offer some fall-grown fruit and seed. The truly
ile form, which is the most common in herbaria, bears flowers all of which are provided with short or included filaments and

62 [118] BOTANY.

They compose a small section section of the genus, quite otherwise characterized, however, than
is Decaisne’s Micropsyllium, and not embracing all his species.

PLUMBAGINACEA,

ARMERIA vuLeARIs, Willd., var. A, Andina var. Californica, Boiss. in DC. Prodr. 12, Dp.
682 ; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 332. Hills near San Francisco; and Laguna of Santa Rosa creek ;
April. We are not satisfied with the characters on which the acute Boissier has separated into
many species what may, perhaps, better be regarded as variations of A. vulgaris.

STYRACACEA.

Sryrax Caxiroryicum, Torr. Desc. Darlingt. in Smithson. Contrib. 6, p. 4, t. 12. Hill-sides
and river banks, Mokelumne Hill, California; May 17: in blossom. Some of the racemes are -
5+6-flowered. This is quite an ornamental shrub, and well deserves cultivation.

PRIMULACEZ.

Trrentatis Evropma, Linn. var. natirowta. T. latifolia, Hook. Fl. Bor.—Am. 2, p. 121.
Tokeloma creek; April 16. Mountains, near Oakland, California ; April 5.

GLAUX MARITIMA, Zinn. Martinez, California; April 23.

ANAGALLIS ARVENSIS, Linn. There was no label to this plant. It is, however, common in
California, and was doubtless introduced from Europe.

Dopecataron Meapia, Linn. var. D. integrifolium and D. frigidum, (Cham.) Hook. Fl,
Bor.—Am. 2, p. 118. Cocomungo; March 17; and mountains, near Oakland, California ;
April4. Wecan recognize but one species of Dodecatheon. The length of the tube of filaments
is exceedingly variable.

OROBANCHACEA. (By A. Gray.)

BoscHNIAKIA STROBILACEA (sp. nov.): squamis orbicularibus vel obovato-rotundis obtusissimis
ubique confertim imbricatis, floralibus flores subeequantibus ; calyce postice truncato haud
obliquo, dentibus 3 lineari-subulatis tubo longioribus ; labio corolla inferiore patente superius
adequante, lobis oblongis; filamentis basi barbatis; placentis 4 aquidistantibus. Dry and
rocky hills, South Yuba, California; May. A span high, thick, resembling Conopholis Amer.
icana in aspect , the scales larger and broader, about half an inch wide, brown in the dried
state. The three slender teeth of the calyx are anterior and lateral, a line and a half long ; the
two others obsolete or indistinct. Anthers sparsely hairy. The shape of the scales and of the
calyx teeth at once distinguishes this from B. tuberosa and B. glabra of Oregon, etc.

Pueupa Carrornica, Don, Syst. 4, p. 632. Orobanche Californica, Cham, & Schlecht. in
Linnea, 3, p. 134. Plains, near Marysville, California; May. The specimen renders it prob-
able that P. Californica is not distinct from P. Ludoviciana, which has a wide range. It is
nearly allied on the other hand to P. comosa, (the Orobanche comosa of Hooker,) which must
find a place in this genus, notwithstanding the bractlets are remote from the calyx.

APHYLLON UNIELORUM, Gray, Man. Bot. N. States, ed.1,p.290. Napa valley, California; April
27. The range of this species includes all temperate North America, from Newfoundland and
Canada, south to Florida and Texas, and west to the Pacific. Had Wallroth’s name of Anoplon
been generally adopted by succeeding botanists, it might have been unwise to disturb it, But
very small anthers—whether sterile or precocious is uncertain, probably the latter, as the ovary is uniformly fruitful ;—and the

corolla, as is well known, becomes connivent-closed after anthesis, its broad lobes involutely and imbricately enwrapping each
other, so as to form a kind of beak surmounting the fruit. This is the type of Decaisne’s section Cleiosantha.—Gray, Mss.

BOTANY. [119] 63.

since Endlicher’s name of Anoplanthus has been adopted by Reuter, the monographer of the
order in De Candolle’s Prodromus, while Nuttall has preferred the prior claim of his unobjec-
tionable name Gymnocaulis, there can be no question of the propriety of restoring the far older
name of Aphyllon, under which Mitchell characterized the genus more than a hundred years
ago. There is considerable reason for thinking, however, that the genus will be reduced to a
mere section of Phelipza.

SCROPHULARIACE. (By A. Gray.)

Lrvarta Canaprnsis, Dum. Near San Francisco, and elsewhere in California; April. A
species diffused over all the temperate parts of the American continent.

ScRopHuLARIA Novos, Linn.; Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10, p. 309. Corte Madera and Napa
- Valley ; April. A species common to the temperate portion of the whole northern hemisphere.

CoLLINSIA BARTSLAFOLIA, Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10, p. 318. Bolinas bay and Punta de los
Reyes, California ; April.

Cominsta TINcTORIA, Hartw.; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 328. Wet ravines, Knight’s Ferry, etc.,
California ; May. This and the foregoing are likely to pass into the next.

CoLLinsta BICOLOR, Benth. in Hort. Trans. 1, p. 480. Hill-sides, Martinez, Mokelumne, etc.,
California; May.

CoLLINsIA PARVIFLORA, Dougl. in Bot. Reg, t. 1082. Hill-sides, on the Yuba; May. Var.
SPARSIFLORA, Benth. (C. sparsiflora, Fisch & Meyer.) Corte Madera, Napa Valley, and mount-
ains, near Oakland, California; April. The corolla is not only larger, but longer in proportion
to the calyx ; still intermediate forms appear to connect it with C. parviflora, as Bentham states,

PENTSTEMON CENTRANTHIFOLIUS, Benth. Scroph. Ind. p. 7, & in DC. Prodr, 10, p 323. Plains,
near San Gabriel, California ; March. te

- PENTSTEMON MICROPHYLLUS (sp. nov.): fruticosus, ramosissimus, foliis in axillis crebre fasci-
culatis (minutis) obovatis ovatisve obtusissimis coriaceis integerrimis subpetiolatis ; racemis
paniculatis ; sepalis fructiferis oblongo-ovatis. On Williams’ Fork of the Colorado, New
Mexico. The specimens were collected in February, and are without flowers, but they bear the
remains of the fruit of the preceding season. The plant is a remarkable one, and may possibly
not belong to this genus. The leaves are only one or two lines long, of a thick and firm
texture, and arise three or seven together from short spurs or undeveloped branches. The
peduncles are opposite and alternate, somewhat spreading, and about as long as the fructiferous
calyx. There is nothing peculiar about the capsule ; and the aspect of the plant is that of the
section Erianthera.

Pentstemon Lewisut, Benth. 1. c.? Rocky ravines, Cajon Pass, California; March 16. The
specimen belongs to a shrubb species, and bears only the vestiges of the last year’s fruit. The
leaves are not so finely and evenly denticulate as those of P. Lewisii; but for the present it may
be referred to that species.

PeEnTsTEMON BREVIFLORUS, Lind. Bot. Reg. t. 1946. Knight’s Ferry, on the Stanislaus; May.
A shrubby species, as already noted by Hartweg.

PENTSTEMON HETEROPHYLLUS, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1899. Butte mountains, near Marysville,
California; May. The variety with narrower sepals, without manifest scarious margins, (Hook.
d: Arn. Bot. Beech. ;) the same as Hartweg’s No. 1880, and not to be well separated from P.
azureus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. No. 1819, which seems, as to the calyx, to connect all the forms.

' PenTsTEMON sPEcTABILIS (Thurber in A. B. Gray’s Rep. ined.): undique glaber; caule stricto
elato (3-4-pedali) herbaceo ; foliis coriaceis serraturis rigidis crebris argute dentatis oblongis
seu ovato-lanceolatis szpius acutis, imis sessilibus, reliquiis connato-amplexicaulibus, superior-
ibus floralibusque orbiculato-disciformibus; panicula ampla elongata virgato-pyramidali ;
pedunculis 3-9-floris; sepalis orbiculari-ovatis carnosis; corolla e tubo brevi (calyce duplo

64 [120] BOTANY.

longiori) angusto subito ventricosa campanulata modice bilabiata, lobis 5 consimilibus rotundatis
patentibus; filamento sterili filiformi glabro; antheris (Cepocosmi) glabris. San Francisco
Mountain, New Mexico, December 16. Imperfect specimens, with fruit only. But they clearly
belong to a species which we first received from Mr. William A. Wallace, from Cocomungo and
Los Angeles, California ; and soon after from Mr. George Thurber, who gathered it in the same
district. Mr. A. B. Gray likewise gathered fragments of the same on the Gila river. It must
be one of the showiest species known, and it will appropriately bear the name imposed upon it
by Mr. Thurber. The crowded pianicle of purplish blue flowers is often two feet in length, and
free from leaves, the lowest bracts not exceeding the peduncles, while the upper are reduced to
small and inconspicuous perfoliate disks. Peduncles and spreading pedicels each half an inch
to an inch long. Sepals 3 lines long, obtuse or apiculate. Corolla an inch or more in length ;
the proper tube about twice the length of the calyx, then abruptly expanded into a campanulate
throat, glabrous inside ; the two lips of equal length, and the lobes very similar. Leaves- ap-
parently somewhat glaucous, 3 or 4 inches long; only the radical petioled; all the upper
cauline connate into a disk, which is an inch or two in width where it is perforated by the stem.
Dretacus etutinosus, Nutt. Hill-sides, Sonoma, Punta de los Reyes, etc., California; May.
The species also includes D. leptanthus and D. longiflorus of Nuttall.

Mimutus Brevirgs, Benth. Scroph. Ind. p, 28, & in DC. l. c. Hill-sides, on the Stanislaus ;
May.

Mimuwws tutes, Linn.; Benth. in DC. 1.c. Various forms of this polymorphous plant: Napa
Valley, etc., California, sind Williams’ River ; February—May.

Minus pentatus, Nutt. in Herb. Hook.; Benth. 1. c. Hill-sides, “i Murphy’s, California.
Also (a narrow-leaved variety) near Semauisth Grove; May.

_ Mrnutvus moscuatus, Dougl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1118. Wet ravines on the Yuba, near Downie.
ville, California; May.

_ Mimoutus sicotor, Benth. Pl. Hariw. p. 328, No. 1892. Hill-sides, near Sonora, California ;
May. A depauperate form.

_Muwutus Fiorrwunpus, Dougl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1125, Grass valley, California, in low places ;
May. A small form.

Mimvtts INconsprcuus (sp. nov.): annuus, glaber; caule gracili 1—2-pollicari adscendente
paucifoliato; foliis ovalibus seu ovatis subintegerrimis obsolete 3—5-nerviis subsessilibus; pedun-
culis solitariis foliis et flore parvo brevioribus ; calyce prismatico, dentibus brevissimis subs-
qualibus; tubo corolle paullo exserto. Dea hill-sides, Los Angeles, California, May.
Leaves 5 or 6 lines long, the cauline only a single pair in the specimens, Peduncle 2 or 3 lines
long. Flower 4-5 lines long; the corolla yellow tinged with rose-color in the dried plant, its
lobes very small. Fructiferous calyx not seen.

Evunanus Dovenasn, Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10, p. 374. Gravelly hills, Sonora, and Moke-
lumne Hill, California ; May. The former specimens, like those of Douglas, etc., are very dwarf
and simple; the stem, ot only 2 or 3 internodes above the cotyledons, barely half an inch long,
while the flower it is terminated with is fully an inch long. Those from the latter locality,
like Hartweg’s No. 1894, are developed into many-flowered branches 4 inches high, the lower
part fructiferous. To Bentham’s description of the capsule, from Hartweg’s specimens, we have
only to add that it is often nearly linear, 4 or 5 lines long, not much compressed, of a crusta-
ceous texture, but at length dehiscent ; the valves bearing the many-seeded placentz. The ovoid
seeds are apiculate at each end. The calyx, as in the next species, is very oblique at the orifice;
in this it is narrow and prismatic, and its teeth are very short and obtuse. The marked
difference between this species and E. Frémonti, and perhaps E. Tolmei, (which we have not
seen,) led us to propose its generic separation, as Mr. Bentham has stated ; but his judgment in
the combination is fully sustained by the characters of the following intarmiaiiels species.

Eunanus Covurert, (Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 320): foliis inferioribus ovatis oblongisve, supe-
rioribus spathulato-lanceolatis pollicaribus; calycis infundibuliformis dentibus lanceolatis,

BOTANY. [121] 65

supremo tubo vix dimidio breviore; corollae tubo calycem bis terve superante, fauce valde
ampliata, labiis subeequilongis; stigma obtuse bilabiato, labiis brevibus latis inequalibus sed
consimilibus; fructuimmaturo subgloboso. Low places, Mark West’s creek; April, and Knight’s
ferry, on a Stanislaus; May. (Also communicated by Dr. Andrews, pra Flower fully as
large as that of E. Douglasii, often an inch and a half or even two inches long, lilac? the
throat mottled with deep purple. Immature seeds apiculate at both ends. This is not the E.
Coulteri, Harv. & Gray, in the herbarium of Trinity College, Dublin, (Coll. Coult., No. 614 ;)
but as no character of that has been published, and as recent specimens lead us to sin it not
different from E. Fremonti, the name should be retained for the present species, to which
Bentham applied it, although we are not sure that it occurs in Coulter’s collection.

Evnanus Bieetovit (sp. nov.): foliis caulinis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis ; calycis subcampan-
_ ulatis valde plicato-angulatis, ore vix obliquo, dentibus inaqualibus EE pun-
gentibus dimidium tubi longitudine paullo excedentibus ; corolle tubo calyce subduplo longiore,
limbo -patentissimo, lobis «quilongis ; stigmate inten. Gravelly hills, near the Colorado of
California ; February 17. On the Mohave creek; March 2. Plant only beginning to blossom,
1-2 inches high, doubtless attaining a greater hoieht as the season advances. Largest leaves
an inch long, more or less viscid-pubescent, like the stem. Calyx 4-5 lines long. Corolla 6-8
lines long, of the same shape as in E. Fremonti; the foliage and the calyx quite different.

Veronica AmerIcANA, Schwein. ; Benth. in DC. Prodr. Santa Rosa creek, California; May.

CasTILLEIA AFFINIS, Hook. & Ave: Bot. Beech., p. 154. Cocomungo, California; March. The
same as Hartweg’s No. 1896. :

pa nispipa, Benth. in Hook, F'l. Bor.-Am, 2, p. 105. San Francisco and Punta de los
Reys ; :
een PUSILLUS, Benth. Scroph. Ind., in DC. Prodr. 10, p. 535. Low grounds, San
Francisco; April.

Oiiraédskinis FLORIBUNDUs, Benth. 1. e. San Francisco, California; April.

ORTHOCARPUS ERIANTHUS, Benth. 1. c. Benicia, California; April.

ORTHOCARPUS LITHOSPERMOIDES, Benth. 1. c. Mark West’s creek, California; April.

OrtHocaRPUS (TRIPHYSARIA) FAUCIBARBATUS (sp. nov.): foliis linearibus 1-3-nerviis. ultra
medium pinnatifidis cum caule erecto ramoso levi glabris, laciniis angusto-linearibus fere fili-
formibus elongatis ; bracteis viridibus scabro-puberulis floribus brevioribus; spicis demum
interruptis ; calyce tubo corolla pubescente dimidio breviore, dentibus triangulari-lanceolatis
obtusis vix dimidium tubi adequantibus ; corolle labio inferiore trisaccato, fauce secus plicas 2
palatinas longe barbata, appendiculis brevissimis obtusis; antheris unilocularibus. Corte
Madera, California; April 20. Plant rather stout, 9 or 10 inches high, with spreading branches.
Cauline leaves 2 inches long; the bracts becoming shorter and broader, the upper ones nearly
palmate. Flowers 7-8 lines long. Calyx minutely pubescent. Corolla apparently pale yellow.
Allied to O. lacerus‘and O. lithospermoides of Bentham. The last named has the throat of its
corolla somewhat villous-pubescent ; that of the others is glabrous. Besides the smoothness
and the one-celled anthers, the calyx distinguishes the present species.

OrtHocarPus DENsIFLoRUS, Benth. 1. c. Corte Madera and San Gabriel ; Wares and April.

ORTHOCARPUS CASTILLEIOIDES, Benth. 1. c.2 Corte Madera, California ; ‘Ari. Too young for
proper determination.

OrtHocaRrPus (ONCORRHYNCHUS) ATTENUATUS (sp. nov.): cinereo-pubescente ; caule gracili stricto;
foliis anguste linearibus sursum filiformi-attenuatis integerrimis vel summis cum bracteis viridi-
bus trifidis, lobis attenuatis; spica angusta; calyce corolla tertia parte breviore postice fisso,
dentibus linearibus obtusis tubo dimidio brevioribus; corolle labio inferiore vix trisaccato,
appendiculis oblongis obtusis ventriculo brevioribus galeam rectam truncatam subaequantibus ;
antheris bilocularibus. Corte Madera; April 16. A span high. Corolla narrow, 7 lines long,
puberulent, white or cream-color, with the slightly ventricose lower lip spotted with purple.

66 [122] | BOTANY.

PEDICULARIS DENSIFLORA, Benth. in Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2, p. 110, in DC. 1. ¢., p. 574.
Napa Valley, California; April 5. In fruit.

PEDICULARIS ATTENUATA, Benth. in DC. 1. c. Mountains near Oakland, California; April 5.
In flower.

BIGNONIACEA—SESAMER. (By A. Gray.)

L Fide tein MOHAVEA, Nov. Gen.

Calyx alte 5-partitus, laciniis lanceolatis foliaceis fere zequalibus. Corolla hypogyna, pro-
funde bilabiata personata, limbo amplo patenti tubo campanulato multo longiore ; labio postico
latissimo rotundo emarginato-bilobo, zstivatione exteriore, basi fornice supra antheras arcuata
instructo ; labio antico consimili subtrilobo, palato prominente medio barbato. Stamina fertilia
2, tubo corolle inserta: filamenta apice incurva: anthere approximata rotundo-reniformes,
confluentim uniloculares. Filamenta sterilia sepius 2, exigua. Stylus columnaris: stigma
compresso-capitatum, integrum. Ovarium ovoideum, biloculare, placentis axilibus, apice tan-
tum placentis haud coalitis uniloculare, parietibus membranaceis. Ovula multa, pluriseriata,
horizontalia vel adscendens, anatropa. Fructus ignotus. Herba humilis, ramosa, diffusa, pilis
viscidis et glanduliferis pubescens ; radice annua ; foliis alternis, imisve oppositis, oblongo seu
ovato-lanceolatis, integerrimis vel repando-angulatis, penninerviis, basi angustata parallelin-
erviis ; floribus axillaribus solitariis, pedunculis nudis brevibus; corolla ochroleuca? et pur-
purascente, fauce cum palato purpureo picta.

Monavea viscipaA. Mohave Creek, California; March 2, Leaves 14 to 2 inches oe Sepals
half an inch long, exceeding the short tube of the corolla. Lips of the corolla nearly an inch
broad, apparently flat. Filaments and style somewhat hairy towards the base, included within
the throat. Ovary 2-celled, except near the summit, with no dorsal introflexion of the walls,
the placentz not bilammelar. Style nearly as long as the stamens. Notwithstanding the ovary,
which is strictly 2-celled, except at the top, we suspect this curious plant to belong to the Big-
noniaceee—Sesamez ; but the fruit alone can determine the question. If the seeds prove to be
albuminous, we know not where in the order Scrophulariaceze to place it. In one of our few
specimens a singular abnormal body was found growing from the outside of the corolla at its
base, resembling a long-clawed petal, with a small, truncate, saccate, and involute limb. It is
evidently a monstrosity.

VERBENACEZ.

Verbena prostrata, £2. Br. in Hort. Kew. (ed. 2) 4, p. 41; Schauer in DC. Prodr. M1, 2
547. Banks of the Mokelumne River, California, May 17.

LABIATA,

PycNANTHEMUM CaLIForNicuM (Torr. in Durand, Pl. Pratt. in Jour, Acad. Phil. 2, p. 99):
incano-pubescens, foliis ovato-lanceolatis sessilibus parce denticulatis ; verticillastris 2-4 den-
sissimis, demum scorpoideo-explanatis multiradiatis ; calycis dentibeis eequalibus lanceolatis
muticis. California, probably from the lower part of the Sacramento Valley. Gathered by
Colonel Frémont, (1846), Rev. A. Fitch, & Mr. Shelton.

P. CALIFoRNicuM, var. foliis tenuioribus oblongis glabriusculis viridibus. River banks and
ravines, Mokelumne, California, (with the persistent inflorescence of the preceding year).—
This plant is a genuine Pycnanthemum, and is most nearly related to P. muticum. No other
species is found west of the Rocky Mountains. The inflorescence is at first in the form of com-
pact heads, of which there are usually three on the main axis. Late in the season these unfold
into very dense sessile cymes, the branches of which are secund, and nearly an inch in length,

BOTANY. [23] 67

The variety found by Dr. Bigelow was not in flower. It seems to be a tall plant. The leaves
are 3—4 inches long and nearly an inch broad.

MonaRDELLA canpicans, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 330, (No. 1911); Durand, l. c. Sides of riva>
lets, Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus, May 7. The lobes of the corolla in this and some other
species have a small hemispherical sac at the tip. The stamens are strongly didynamous.
This species is found as far south as San Diego, and north to the Upper Sacramento.

M. canpicans, 8. veNosA: foliis angustioribus; bracteis mucronatis capitulis longioribus, inter
venas validas hyalino-membranaceis. Plains of Feather River, near Marysville, May 25. Also
collected in California by Rev. A. Fitch. The bracts of this plant are very remarkable. They
are larger than in the ordinary form of M. candicans, and between the strong veins (which are
usually of a purplish color) there is no parenchyma, but only the thin trarisparent epidermis
resembling goldbeater’s skin. The corolla s much exserted, of a deep rose color, and has the
lobes tipped with a little sac, as in the common variety.

Poesoeyne Dovenasit, Benth. Lab. p. 414, & in DC. Prodr. 12, p. 243. Plains and low places,
Stockton, May 7; valley of the Sacramento, May 26. All the species of this genus are annual.

HEDEOMA? SERPYLLOIDES (sp. nov.): annua, e basi ramosa prostrata; foliis obovatis obtusis
integris, basi in petiolem attenuatis ; verticillastris 2-6-floris sessilibus basi. bibracteolatis, brac-
teolis oblanceolatis flore longioribus; calyce vix bilabiato, profunde quinquefido, segmentis
angusto-lanceolatis patulis ; corolla calyce paulo breviore, labio superiore plano ovato obtuso
labio inferiore trifido, laciniis subaqualibus, intermedio subemarginato. Hill-sides, Martinez,
California, April 23. A slender annual, with divaricate puberulent branches. Leaves 5-6
lines long (including the petiole), ciliolate at the base, otherwise nearly glabrous. Early
flowers solitary, the later ones in 2—6-flowered cymules. Tube of the calyx very short; the 3
superior segments (upper lip) broader and longer than the others, all of them cuspidate.
Stamens 2, the upper pair wanting.

Satya carpuacea, Benth. Lab. p. 302, & in DC. Prod. 12, p. 349. 8S. gossypina, Benth. Pl.
Hartw. p. 330. Plains, Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus, May 7. We have no doubt.of S. gossypina
being a mere variety (as Mr. Bentham suspected) of 8. carduacea.

SALVIA COLUMBARIZ, Benth. 1. c. Sides of rivulets, Knight’s Ferry, California, May. This is
an annual species, and varies greatly in size, as well as in the lobing of the leaves.

AUpDIBERTIA HUMILIS, Benth. Lab. p. 313, & in DC. Prodr. 12, p. 359. Hill-sides, near
Nevada City, May 20. Leaves most clustered towards the base of the stem ; the proper cauline
ones being seldom more than a single pair.

ScureLnaria TUBEROSA, Benth. 1.c, Plains, near San Gabriel, March 23. Dr. Parry collected
this species near Monterey. It was found also by Mr. Gibbes in Calaveras county; by Dr. Still-
man on the Upper Sacramento; by Mr. Thurber and Rev. Mr. Fitch in the lower part of the
Sacramento valley. It is variable in its pubescence, being sometimes almost glabrous. The
calyx, however, is always villous. The leaves frequently oblong and narrowed at the base.
Besides the principal tuber, from which the stem arries, there are often others at the extremity
of the fibrous roots, or rather subterranean branches. They are about three-fourths of an inch
in length, oblong, pubescent, tapering to the extremity, jointed, and of a fleshy consistence.
Sometimes they show a tendency to ramify. They appear to be true tubers, like those of the

otato.
r ANTIRRHINOIDES, Benth. in Bot. Reg. fol. 1493, & in DC. Prodr. 12 p. 428. Var.
foliis dentatis, interdum sessilibus. River banks, Mokelumne Hill, May 17. We have the
same variety, collected in California by Frémont (1846) and by Rev. A. Fitch. The leaves are
larger than in the Oregon plant, and the upper ones are sometimes closely sessile.

MarrvusiuM VULGARE, Linn.; Benth. in DC. Prodr. 12, p. 453, River banks, Mokelumne
Hill, California, May 17. Introduced from Europe.

Sracuys aJucorpEs, Benth. in Linnea 6, p. 80, & in DC. Prodr. 12, p. 468. Bolinas bay,

68 [124] BOTANY.

April 19. Bracts shorter than the calyx, ovate. Teeth of the calyx triangular-ovate, spines-
cent at the tip, somewhat recurved.
Sracuys Cuamissonis, Benth. 1.c. Hill-sides, Napa Valley, California; April 26.
BORAGINACEA.

LirHosperMum (Batscn1a) canescens, Lehm. Asperif. 2, p. 305? Hill-sides, Grass Valley,
California; May 20. Except in being less canescent than the eastern plant, we can find, noth-
ing to distinguish this from some of our specimens of L. canescens.

AmsINcKIA sPEcTaBILis, Fisch. & Mey. Index Hort. Petrop. 1835 ; DC. Prodr. 10, p. 118. Los
Angeles, March 21. Gravelly hills of the Colorado, February 20. On Mohave creek, March
14. Near San Francisco, April 3. The place of insertion of the stamens is by no means a
constant character in this genus. In the same species they sometimes are inserted in the throat,
and sometimes towards the base of the corolla. A. intermedia seems to be no more than
a variety of A. spectabilis.

ErrrricHium rutvum, Alph. DC. in Prodr. 10, p. 132. Myosotis fulva, Hook. & Arn. Bot.
Beech. Pp. 369. Cocomungo, California ; March 17. The fruit is scarcely mature enough for
comparison, but our plant is very like specimens of E. fulvum from Chili, and it is certainly
Myosotis fulva of Hooker and Arnott.

Errrricuium Catirornicum, DC. Prodr. 10, p. 130. Myosotis Californioky Fisch. & Mey.

dnd. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1835, p. 42. Near San Francisco, April 8. E. Scouleri, DC. ap ¢:
(Myosotis Scouleri, Hook. & eee ) seems to be a mere variety of this species.

Errrricuium Cuoristanum, DC. 1. c. Myosotis Chorisiana, Cham. in Linncea, 1829, p. 444.
With the preceding, from which it is chiefly distinguished by its much longer pedicels.

ERITRICHIUM PLEBEIUM, Alph. DC. 1. c.4/$Lithospermum plebeium, Cham. & Schlecht. in
Linnea, 1829, p. 446. With the preceding. The flowers are much larger than in E, Californicnm, -

PrcrocaRys LINEARIS, DO. Prodr. 10, p. 120. On gravelly hills, near the Colorado of Cali-
fornia, February 17. This species ills from all the others of the genus in the nutlets being
pectinate — acute teeth, instead of bristles.

Pe A CHILENSIS, DC. Prodr. 10, p. 120; var. Ghronata natalie: obovatis, plano-
convexis ahi brevioribus. Hill-sides and wet plates, near Los Angeles; May 14. Embryo
straight, cotyledons nearly orbicular, We find the radicle inferior (not superior, as stated -
by Alph. De Candolle) in all the species of this genus that we have examined. P. pen-
cillata was found in California by Frémont in his second expedition, and it is No. 516 of
‘Coulter’s Californian collection. In this species the nutlets are somewhat panduriform, and .
are chiefly pectinate on the upper half. The middle contracted poses is naked, and towards
the base the hooked hairs are much smaller than those above.

KRINITzKIA LEIOCARPA, Fisch. & Mey. Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1841, p. 52, ” Wrosstis
flaccida, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2, p. 82. Hill-sides, Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus river.
There are specimens, in a young state, of what seems to be the same plant from gravelly hills
along the Colorado of California. We find very often but a single nutlet matured in one flower.
Mr. Bentham makes the same remark of Hartweg’s specimens.

OGLOSSUM GRANDE, Dougl. Mss.; Lehm. Pug. 2, p. 25; Hook. Fl. Bor. ~ Amer, 2, 9, Sb.
Mountains, near Oakland, Gabdiocain: April 4.

HYDROPHYLLACEZ.

Ertopycrion TomENntosuM, Benth. Bot. Sulph. p. 35. E. crassifolium, Benth. 1. c. Near San
Gabriel, California; March.
Lcemeagos eLuTINOsUM, Benth. 1. ¢, Sonora, Cajon Pass, Mokelumne hill, etc., California ;
var. ANGUSTIFOLIUM, (E. angustifolium, Nutt. Plant. Gamb. ,) from hills near Cactus Pass,
in ‘the western part of New Mexico; January 30.

¥

BOTANY. [125] 69

Nama Jamatcensis, (Zinn.?): hispido-hirsuta; caule decumbente; foliis lanceolato-spathulatis
in petiolum decurrentibus; floribus subgeminis axillaribus pedicellatis ; corolla campanulato-
infundibuliformi calyce duplo-longiore; sepalis angusto-linearibus. Gravelly hills near the —
Great Colorado; February 17. Also found near Fort Yuma by Major G. H. Thomas and Lieu-
tenant Du Barry. Itisa common species in the valley of the Rio Grande. We refer it to N.
Jamaicensis with much doubt.

RoMANzoFFIA Srtcuensis, Cham. in Linnea. 2, p. 609; Bong. Veg. Sitch. t. 4. Redwoods,
California; April 12. It is interesting to meet th this species in California, where doubtless
it is confined to the mountains. Dr. Bigelow’s beautiful specimens accord very well with those
we possess from Sitcha, from Mertens’ collection. The calyx is glabrous. Choisy, (in DC
Prodr. 10, p. 185,) who had not seen the plant, has written ‘‘ calycis hirsuti,’’ doubtless by a
slip of the pen, in place of glaberrimi, the word used by Chamisso.

HypropHyLiuM capitatuM, Dougl. in Benth. Hydrophyll.; DC. Prodr. 9, p. 289. Hill-sides,

_Dnuffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada; May. The peduncles are longer than usual, and the leaves

are as large as in H. mabrophplbasad but the segments are sparingly incised, not coarsely
toothed, and the lobes of the corolla have a pubescent line along the back. Perhaps the eastern
and western plants may be united.
EMOPHILA PARVIFLORA, Benth. 1. c. With the preceding, and near Oakland, California; April.
Nemopuina atoMarrA, Fisch. & Meyer; DC. 1. c. Borders of fields, Corte Madera; April.
Nemopuina MacuLtata, Hartw.; Lindl. in Jour. Hort. Soc. 3, p. 319. Hill-sides, Duffield’s
Ranch, Sierra Nevada; May. A handsome species, now often seen in cultivation.
Nemopuita Aurita, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1601. Banks of the Stanislaus, at Robinson’s Ferry ;
May. — |
Nemopuita tnstanis, Benth. l. c. N, liniflora, Fisch. & Meyer, Hort. Petrop. Cajon Pass;
March. - ;

PHACELIA TANACETIFOLIA, Benth. Hydrophyll. 1. ec. os Angeles, San Francisco, etc.; March,
April. Various forms.

PHACELIA crrcinaTA, Jacq. Ecl. 1. t. 91; Benth. lc. Hill-sides at Murphy’s, and in many
other places in California; May.

PHACELIA CILIATA, Benth. I. c. Los Angelis and on the Great Colorado; February, March.
- Evroca prvartcaa, Benth. 1. c. Near the Redwoods of California ; Apal.

POLEMONIACEA.

PHLOX OCCIDENTALIS ‘Darand, Mss.) : -glanduloso—puberula ; caulibus adscendentibus (subpe-
dalibus) ; foliis lanceolatis rigidulis mucronatis ; pedunculis erectis brevibus; calyce viscido
corolle tubo paullo breviore, dentibus subulatis erectis tubo equilongis ; corollz (albe ?) lobis
late obcordatis contiguis ; ovarii loculis uniovulatis. P. divaricata, Durand, Pl. Pratten in
Journ. Acad, Philad. n. ser. 1855. Hill-sides, near Duffield’s Ranch, May. Lower leaves not
seen ; the upper 12-16 lines long, 2 or 3 wide, usually broadest at the 3% Limb of the corolla
an aks in diameter, the broad and rounded rather deeply obcordate lobes overlapping each other,

not widely separate as in P. divaricata (in which, however, the lobes vary from strongly obcor-
date-notched to barely retuse). Ovules solitary. Root doubtless perennial. The only species
of the first section of the genus known west of the Rocky Mountains.

COLLOMIA GRACILIS; Benth. in Bot. Reg., & in DC. Prodr. 9 p. 308. Corte Madera and

- Sonoma; April, May.

CoLtomra @tuTiNosa, Benth. 7. c. Sonora, California, along rivulets and ravines; May. A
form with the corolla longer than usual ; its slender tube half an inch long, and thrice the

length of the calyx.

NAVARRETIA HETEROPHYLLA, Benth. in DC.1l.c. Collomia, heterophylla, Hook. Mokelumne
Hill, and Grass Valley, California; May.

70 [126] BOTANY.

NAVARRETIA PUBESCENS, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 368. Ione Valley, in low places; also
Knight’s Ferry on the Stanislaus, on hill sides; May.

NAVARRETIA COTULHFOLIA, Hook. & Arn. 1. c. With the last.

NaVARRETIA LEUCOCEPHALA, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 324. Low and wet places, Mark West’s
Creek, California ; April 30. ) 7

Gira caprtata, Dougl. in Bot. Mag. t. 2698. Hill-sides, Sonoma, California ; May.

GILIA ACHILLERFOLIA, Benth. in Bot. Reg. & DC. 1. ¢. Knight’s Ferry on the Stanislaus ;
May. .

Gia TRIcoLoR, Benth, 1. c. Hill-sides, Martinez; April. From Napa Valley are specimens
gathered April 16, wholly in fruit, which appear to be either G. tricolor or G. multicaulis, but
with the calyx and peduncles glabrous. ne

Gira (Linantuvs) picHotoma, Benth. in DC 1. c. Napa Valley, and near San Francisco ,
April.. This and all the sections (formerly genera) of Bentham, with palmatisect usually oppo-

site leaves, we should prefer to regard as one genus, leaving to Gilia the sections EKugilia,

Thyrsogilia (of which G. congesta is the type), and Ipomopsis. » hae

Gia (Livantuvs) piantHorpes, Endl. Atakt. t. 29; Cocomungo, California; in sandy or
gravelly places; March. .
Grita (DAcTYLOPHYLLUM) PHARNACEOIDES, Benth. in DC. 1. c. Hill-sides, Napa Valley ; April,
Gia (LEepTosrPHon) anpRosacea, Sleud.; Benth. 1. c. Plains and hill-sides, Napa Valley,
etc. April, May. '
Gra (LeprostpHon) ciurata, Benth. Pl. Hartw., p. 324. Hill-sides and grassy plains, Napa
Valley, California ; May. :
Gira (LeprostPHon) MicranTHa, Steud.; Benth. 1. c. Hill-sides, Napa Valley; May: and

Benicia, California ; April.

_ GILIA MICRANTHA, var. AUREA, Benth. Pl. Hartw. 1. c. Hills and plains, Napa Valley ; April.

The stamens nearly equal in length the lobes of the corolla, which is yellow ; otherwise the

same as G. micrantha,

iS GENTIANACE. ©

Frasera nitipa, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 322, Hill-sides, near Marysville, California; May,
Capsule, 4-seeded. Seeds linear-oblong, winged. We have specimens of this species in
fruit, collected in California by Mr. Shelton. It is scarcely distinct from F. albescens. .

FRASERA PANICULATA (n. sp.): foliis linearibus oppositis; panicula pyramidata nuda laxa ;
ealycis segmentis ovatis acutis corollam duplo brevioribus; foveis oblongo-linearibus binis ;
corona nulla. Sand-bluffs, Inscription Rock, Zufii county. Specimens were collected very late

‘in the season, but they are sufficient to show that this is quite a new species. The plant is —
nearly three feet high, with a long tapering root. Radical leaves in a cluster; stem leaves in
three distant pairs. Panicle (fructiferous) about two feet long, loose, compound ; pedicels an
inch or more in length. Segments of the corolla oblong, obtuse, furnished near the base with
two narrow pits, which are nearly half the length of the segment, and are pectinately ciliate
around the margin. Filaments somewhat dilated downward, distinct. Capsule about three-
fourths of an inch long, very slightly compressed. Seeds 15-20, completely filling the capsule.
scabrous, wingless, :

As Mr. Bentham remarks, (in Plant. Hartw.) Grisebach’s character of the genus F'rasera does
not agree with the western species, and seems to have been drawn from F. Carolinensis, which
is destitute of a corona, This is the more remarkable, as Grisebach elaborated the Gentianacex
for Hooker’s Fl. Bor.-Amer., and described in that work, two species, which are furnished with
a conspicuous corona, consisting of fimbriate scales, alternating with the stamens. Our new
species agrees with the eastern one in wanting the crown. Dr. Parry found on the mountains
east of San Diego another species (F. Parryi, Torr. Bot. Mex, Bound. Surv., ined.) still more

; es ae Bn aot ,

é
am

BOTANY. “ [127] 71

like F. Carolinensis, and likewise destitute of a crown. . It is, perhaps, F. verticillata, Hook.
Fl. Bor.-Am., but not of Walter. It has a nearly naked panicle, and lunate solitary. glandular
its.
Eryrurxa Mountenzeren, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. 9, p. 60, quoad pl. Calif. Fields, Benicia ;
April. ;
MENYANTHES TRIFOLIATA, L, Near San Francisco; April. —

+

. CONVOLVULACEZ.

Coxvotvutus Catirornica, Choisy in DC. Prodr 9, p. 405. Santa Rosa creek, California ;
May

Ipomma saarrrara, Desf.? I. sagittifolia, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 151. Hills near
Punta de los Reyes, California; April 17. This is probably the plant of Hooker and Arnott,
but not Convolvulus sagittifolius, Michx. The leaves are broader, and the auricles are deeply
emarginate, or even 2-lobed at the summit. The one-flowered peduncles are longer than the
leaves, and furnished with two small alternate lanceolate bracts a short distance below the
flower. Corolla nearly as large as in Calystegia sepium, whitish, with pale purple stripes.
- ConvoLvuLus arvensis, Linn.; Choisy in DC. Prodr. 9, p. 406; var. vitiosus, Choisy 1. c.
Hill sides, Sonora, California; May 9. Stems prostrate, branching from the root. Leaves vary-
ing from ovate to narrowly lanceolate, strongly hastate or sagittate. Peduncles longer than
the leaves, with a pair of opposite lanceolate mostly sagittate bracts a little below the flower.

ConvoLvULUs (n. sp.?): canescenti-tomentosus; caule prostrato e basi ramoso; foliis lato-
cordatis brevissime acuminatis, auriculis angulari-bilobis ; pedunculis unifloris axillaribus-
Hill-sides, Downieville, Yuba river, California; May 22. Our specimens have only young
flower buds, so that the genus cannot certainly be ascertained. The plant has never come
under our observation before,

Cuscuta Cauirorntca, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 364; Choisy in DC. Prodr. 9, p. 457.
Parasitic on Phacelia circinata and other plants, in various parts of California; February, May.

SOLANACEA.

SoLANUM UMBELLIFERUM, Eischsch. Mem. de St. Petersb. 10, p. 280, and in Linnea, 1828, (litt.)
Dp. 148 ; Dunal in DC. Prodr. 13, pars. 2, p. 93. 8. Californicum, Dunal. 1. c. p. 86. Coco-
mungo, March 17, and San Francisco; April 3. A common species in California. It varies

~ much in the size and form of the leaves, degree of the pubescence, and number of flowers in the
raceme or umbel. = , :

NIcoTIaNA QUADRIVALVIS, Pursh Fl. 1, p. 141; Dunal in DC. Prodr. 13, pars: 1, p. 571. N.
multivalvis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1057? Rocky arroyos, near the Colorado of the West ; Feb-
ruary 17. :

NicoTIANA PLUMBAGINIFOLIA, Dunal in DC. Prodr. 13, pars. 1, p. 569. Var? Bieetovitr:
annua; caule glanduloso-pubescente subsimplici ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acutiusculis glabri-
usculis, inferioribus in petiolem angustatis, superioribus sessilibus basi angustatis; panicula
terminali laxiuscula ; calyce glanduloso-pubescente, laciniis lanceolato-linearibus inequalibus,
corolla hypocraterimorpha, tubo elongato calyce 2~3-plo longiore, limbi laciniis lato-ovatis

- obtusiusculis. Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus river; May. We are unwilling to propose this as
a new species, since there are so many others in the same genus that are very imperfectly
known. Our plant does not agree with any Nicotiana described by Dunal, (1, c.,) but it seems
to approach the nearest to N. plumbaginifolia. >

Lycrum, ‘‘n. sp. near L, rragrosum,” Miers in lit. In caiions along Williams’ river, Feb-
ruary 8. Mr. Miers will describe this new species in a monograph of Lycium that is to appear
in the second volume of his Illustrations of South American Plants, shortly to be published.

Ant

72 [i28] BOTANY.

ASCLEPIADACEZ.

ASCLEPIAS ERICOARPA, Benth. Pl. Hartw. Dp. 323, No. 1835. Hill-sides, Knight’s Ferry,
Stanislaus river, California; May 7. '

Asciepras (OTaRIA) n. sp.? Dry arroyos, on the Great Colorado of California. Our speci-
mens are imperfect, having been gathered late in the, season, when the leaves had fallen. The
plant evidently belongs to the section Otaria of Decaisne, but we can refer it with certainty to
none of the species described in the Prodromus. It is tall, (apparently 3-4 feet high,) some-
what branched above, with a minutely pubescent stem. The umbels are numerous, in a termi-
nal panicle or raceme, 15—20-flowered. The flowers are apparently white, about as large as in
A. variegata. The petals are reflexed, and the oblong entire cuculli are only about one-third
longer than the sessile gynostegium. Horn subulate-falciform, slightly exserted. The pol is
about 5.inches in length, even, oblong, tapering to a long point. It seems to be nearly allied
to A. subulata of Decaisne, but that is pa to have the cuculli twice as long as the gynostegium,
and until the leaves are kuowht we cannot be sure that it is a new species.

Acmrates corpiFoitA, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 323. Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus river, California;
May 8. We have this plant also from the Rev. Mr. Fitch.. In all our specimens the gynos-
tegium is much shorter than the corolla. The cuculli are about the length of the gynostegium,
obliquely truncated downward, and closely appressed to the processes of the anthers.

OLEACER.

FRAXINUS PISTACIZFOLIA: glabra seu tomentuloso-velutina ; foliolis 2—4-jugis subpetiolulatis
ovatis oblongis lanceolatisve serratis vel fere integerrimis pallidis vel supra lucidis venosis ;
petiolo canaliculato nunc apicem versus marginato; samara ex apice in alam spathulato-
- oblongam portione seminifera subtereti immarginata vix longiorem producta. F. velutina,
Torr. in Emory’ 8 Rep. (forma tomentosa.) Rocky zavines of Williams’ River; January 3:
fruit only. A species occurring in almost all the New Mexican collections, excessively variable
in its foliage, and so much more generally smooth than pubescent (still less velvety) that we
propose to supersede the little-known name under which an extreme form of it was briefly
described in Emory’s Report some years ag

‘Fraxinvus Ornecona, Nutt. N. Amer. Sylv. 3, p- 59, t. 99. F. pubescens, var. Hook, Fl. Bor.-
Am. 2; p. 51. -F. erandifolia, Benth. Bot. Sulph. p. 33: _ Napa Valley, California, in deep ~
ravines and along rivulets ; May 5. A small-leaved form. ~

_ ARISTOLOCHIAGE.

ARISTOLOCHIA CALIFORNICA a nov.): caule volubili ‘itiaee foliis ovato-cordatis integer-
rimis membranaceis utrinque pubescentibus ; pedunculis solitariis medio unibracteatis ; perian-
thio glabriusculo inflato, limbo trilobo, lobis fere equalibus subconniventibus. Near Corte
Madera, California; April 16, (in flower.) A tall climbing species. Leaves 3-4 inches long,
obtuse, velvety-pubescent when young, thinly but softly pubescent when mature. Peduncles
an inch and a half or two inches in length, thickened and pubescent under the flower, furnished
near the middle with a small ovate bract. Flower dull purple at the base and tip, paler in the
middle, about an inch and a half long from the base to the curvature. This rare plant (which
we have only received besides from Dr. Hulse, who collected it in the Sacramento valley) re-

“sembles A. tomentosa, Nutt.; but — has naked peduncles and narrow villous flowers, the lobes
of which are widely wich? ye ~

- Asarum Hooxert, Fielding, Sert. Plant, fol d& t. 32: A, Canadense, . Hook. Fl. Bor.-

dea. 2. p. 139. Hill-sides and low places, Downieville, Yuba; Duffield’s Ranch, and mount-

BOTANY. [129] 73

-ains near Oakland, California ; March—April. The specimens from all these stations have the
lobes of the flower furnished with a long caudate acumination, and the-leaves are much more
glabrous than in A. Canadense; but Bentham (Pl. Hartweg, p. 335) says that specimens from
the mountains of Sacramento are more like the eastern A. Canadense, of which he thinks the
Californian plant may be only a variety.

CHENO PODIACER.

TELOXYS CORNUTA (a. sp.): foliis repando-dentatis pinnatifidisque calycis laciniis acutis dorso
brevi-rostellatis, semine compresso margine obtusissimo. Rocky places, Hurrah creek, New
Mexico. Near San Francisco mountain, Western New Mexico, Dr. Woodhouse, (omitted by
accident in the botany of Sitgreaves’ report); Wright’s Ooll., No. 1735. Gregg collected the
plant near Saltillo, Mexico, (No, 390.) T. aristate differs in the entire leaves, inappendiculate
glabrous calyx with obtuse segments, and acutely margined lenticular seeds. T. cornuta is
commonly about a foot or 15 inches high, and is often very much branched.. The leaves are deeply
pinnatifid, with 2-3 distant lobes on each side. The calyx i is beset with minute elevated glands,
and on the upper part of the back of each segment is a short acute spine or tooth, so that in
fruit the calyx appears somewhat stellate. The seed is exactly orbicular, thick, rounded on the
margin, and closely covered with the utricle, which strongly adheres to its surface. In T.
aristata the utricle separates spontaneously from the seed.

The genus Teloxys was established by Moquin on Chenopodium aristatum, ne has hitherto
consisted of that species only. Jinneus, in the second edition of the Species Plantarum,
referred. to C. aristatum, the Chenopodium Virginicum of his first edition, regarding it as a
variety only. Dr, Gray, who saw the original specimens in the Linnean herbarium, informs
me that the plant i is nothing more than Sueda maritima; and yet it is difficult to understand
hew the description of Chenopodium Virginicum, in the Species Plantarum, (ed. 1,) could have
been drawn from that plant. The first part of the character (‘‘foliis linearibus obtusis canalicu-
latis’’) agrees sufficiently well, but the latter portion (‘‘ peduncularibus axillaribus dichotomis’’)
is quite inapplicable. We greatly doubt whether a Teloxys has ever been found’in any of the
older United States. Moquin (in DC. Prodr.) states that he has seen Mexican specimens of T.
aristata in the Vienna herbarium, but it is more than probable that the plant which he refers
to is our T. cornuta. Without the leaves, (which fall away late in the season,) the two species
are not distinguishable except by the use of a lens.

LOLOMA PLATYPHYLLUM, Mog. Chenop. p. 18, & DC. Prodr. 13, pars 2. p, 60. Salsola
platyphylla, Micha, Sand-hills of the Canadian River ; September: flowers and fruit.

CuENopoprum atgum, Linn. Alluvions of the Upper Canadian ; September. C. subspicatum,
Nutt. is hardly distinct.

CuENopopium HyBripum, Linn.; Mog. in DC. 1. c. p. 68. With the last.

Buitum capiratum, Jann. ; Mog. 1. c. p. 83. Ravines, Sandia mountains, New Mexico ;
October. It is difficult to fidlieve that the last three species could have been introduced into a
region so far removed from settlements of the whites.

Burrum Bonvs-Henricus, Reich.; Mog. in DC. Prodr, 13, (pars 2,) p. 85; Torr. Fl. N. York
2, p. 136. Plains and banks of the Sacramento, California; April 24.

OBIONE LENTIFoRMIS, Zorr. in Sitgreaves’ Report, p. 169, ¢. 14, 8 RHOMBIFOLIA: fois rhom-
boideo-ovatis undulatis. On Williams’ River of the Colorado of California ; February, (with
fruit of the preceding autumn.) This species forms impenetrable thickets <ustte feet high!
The leaves are much larger than in the specimens collected in Captain Sitgreaves’ expedition.

OBIONE HYMENELYTRA, Torr. in Emory’s Rep. of Mex. Bound. Surv. (ined.) (Tab. XX.) Hills
and gravelly places, on Williams’ River. This species was found by Dr. Parry and by Colonel
Fremont on the Gila. It is remarkable for its large broad membranaceous fruit-bracts, and
_Troundish-deltoid coarsely and sharply toothed leaves. e

5 10

74 [130] BOTANY.

OBIONE PoLycaRPA, Torr. (in Emory’s 1st Report, p. 149, sine char.): suffruticosa, ramosissima ;
ramulis gracilibus paniculatis ; foliis minutis sessilibus obovato-oblongis obtusis integerrimis
albido-farinosis ; bracteis orbicularibus, supra mediam distinctis argute grosse-dentatis, utrinque
cristatis. With the preceding. Leaves 3-5 lines long, crowded. Fruit abundant, aBeEegnion
on the long slender branchlets. Fructiferous bracts about 2% lines in diameter.

Oprone caNEscens, Mog. 1. c. p. 212. Llano Estacado; September ; fruit. The specimens
belong to the form with broadly winged fruit-bracts.

. OBIONE ARGENTEA, Mog. |. c. p: 115. Atriplex argentea, Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 198. Upper
waters of the Canadian: with ripe fruit, in which state it is seldom collected. The fructiferous
bracts are somewhat wckienlan the margin deeply and acutely toothed, and the disk is often
more or less cristate with leafy appendages.

Evrotra tanata, Mog. 1. ¢. p. 121. Diotis lanata, Pursh, FI. 2, p. 602. With the last,
abundant ; September. Hooker refers this to E. ceratoides, but we are inclined to regard it as
a distinct 1 species.

CoRISPERMUM Hyssopironium, Linn.; Mog. l. c., p. 140. ©. hyssopifolium, Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 4.
Sandy ravines on the Canadian ; ida banks of chcains; Galisteo, New Mexico; September,
October.

Suapa mMarrma, Dumort.; Torr. Fl. N. York, 2, p. 141. Chenopodina maritima, Mog. in
DC. Prodr. 13, pars 2, p. 161. ‘Salsola easton Paresh; Fi. 1 »P- 197, excl. syn. Wet saline
soils along the Canadian River; August, September. r

Suapa Fruticosa, Forsk.; Mog. l. ec, p. 156. Var.? muxarriora: floribus 6-10 glomeratis,
foliis carnosis compressis. Llano Estacado, A shrubby much branched plant, apparently 3-4
feet high. The branches are of a light-brown color, and marked with little knobs, the cicatrices
of fallen leaves. Lower leaves not seen ; those of the primary branches are nearly half an inch
long, and more than half a line wae compressed, (not semiterete.). The flowers are very
- numerous, and are crowded on the axils of the leaves. Sepals oblong, a little fleshy, con-

cave and somewhat cucullate at the extremity, the narrow margin ‘scarious. Seeds hori-
zontal and vertical in the same plant, black and shining, with a short rostrum. We fully
agree with Fenzl (in Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 3, p. 777) in restoring Chenopodina to'Suada—the only
character on which the former genus was founded being inconstant. There are several other
species of Suzeda, in which both vertical and horizontal seeds are found on the same plant.

SARCOBATUS VERMICULARIS, Torr. in Emory’ s Rep. p. 150, and in Sitgreaves’ Rep. p. 169.
Batis? vermicularis, Hook. Alluvions of the Rio Grande, near Albuquerque ; ; pense in
fine fruit.

%
ast . AMARANTHACER.

MonTetta Tamariscina, Gray. Man, ed. 2, p. 370. “Amaranthus tamariscinus, Nutt. in Trans.
Amer, Phil. Soc. (2d ser.) 5, p. 165. Wet ravines, Deer creek, Indian Territory; August.

AMARANTUS ALBUs, Linn.; Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13, pars 2, p. 264. Sandy ravines near the
Canadian River ; September. _

AMARANTUS RETROPLEXDS, Linn.; Mog. 1. ¢., p: 258. A. grecizans, Torr. Fl. N. York 2, D.
144. Ravines near Baits. "Ratoni New Mexico; and prairies Conpgeially.t around marmot
burrows) along the Canadian River ; September, October.

GossyPIANTHUS TENUIFLORUS, Hook, Ic. t. 251; Mog. l. c., p. 337. Dry prairies near the Cross
Timbers of the Canadian River. Root-stock stout and dark colored, branching into several
short heads. Stems numerous prostrate 3-4 inches done, Leaves a little pubescent underneath.

_ Filaments very thin and translucent.

Frewicuta eractus, Mog. 1. c. p. 420. Dry prairies and any places along the Canadian to
the Rio Grande. On Hurrah creek a dwarf form (1-4 inches high) was found, in which the
inflorescence was reduced top single terminal cluster or head,

BOTANY. [131] 75

FRELICHIA FLORIDANA, Mog. 1. c. Oplotheca floridana, Nutt. Gen. 2, p. 79; Bart. Fl. N.
Amer. 2, t. 59; Hook. Ic. t. 256. Sand banks of the Canadian; August. F,. Drummondii of
Moquin seems to be scarcely a variety of this species. The fructiferous calyx has a narrowly
winged and irregularly toothed niargin. At the base there is usually a central tooth or pro-
tuberance on one side, and two protuberances on the other. The same characters occur in F.
gracilis.

Ses ae NZOTAGHARAL

_ OxypapHus exaBrrroutus, Vahl, Enum, 2, p. 40; Choisy in DC. Prodr. 13, (pars 2,) p. 431.

O. levis, Benth. Bot. Sulph. p. 44, Los Angeles ; ‘March 21; and mountains near the Colorado,
Mexico.

This species is very variable in ‘its pubescence, If Q. levis of Bentham be correctly referred
here, it is sometimes wholly glabrous. Our California specimens usually have the branches,
peduncles, and margin of the leaves slightly pubescent. Those from near the Colorado have
the branches strongly pubescent, and both surfaces of the leaves more or less so. The perianth
is rose-colored, and the 5 lobes are emarginate.

QUAMOCLIDION OxyBaPHoIDES, Gray in Silb, Jour., 2d ser, 15, p. 320. Rocky places, Llano
Estacado; September. The involucre is unequally 4-5 cleft. Fruit black when dried before
ripening, ‘but mottled when mature.

ABRONIA cycLopTERA, Gray l. c.,p.319. A. (Tripterocalyx) micrantha, Torr. in Frem. 1st Rep.,
p. 96. Banks of the Rio Grande, near Albuquerque, New Mexico; October ; with flowers and
fruit, the latter more than an inch in length, with very broad membranagéons wings.

“Apgonra MELLIFERA, Dougl. in Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 2879; Mog. in DO. Prodr. 13, (pars 2,) p.
435. Sandy hills, invien Territory ; September ; with flowers and ripe fruit ; and sandy hills

- near the Colorado, California; February. The figure in the Botanical Sasseine (copied
by Lindley, Veg. Kingd.) erroneously shows the embryo with two cotyledons. We have shown,
elsewhere, that in all the species of Abronia, the inner cotyledon is either wholly suppressed, or
only rudimentary. Near Galisteo, New Mexico, Dr. Bigelow collected a dwarf variety of A.

mellifera, with spatulate leaves tapering at base to a long petiole, and large membranaceous in-
volucres with broadly ovate segments. The fruit resembled that of the ordinary form.

ABRONIA ARENARIA, Aenz. in Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 193; Choisy in DC, Prodr. 13, (pars 2, ae
435. Sand-hills near the sea-shore, Punta de los Reyes, California ; April 17.

. POLYGONACEAt.

Errogonum poutrouium, Benth. in. DC. Prodr. 14, pars 1, p. 12, Mountain aroyos near
Williams’ River ; February 9. Involucres usually in a capitate cluster, but sometimes on short
rays.

Siamieitte CORYMBOSUM, , Benth. 1. c. Var. pivaricatuM, Torr. & Gray, in Beckwith’s Rep., p.
123. On sandy hills, near Inscription Rock, Western New Mexico; November 18.

Errogonem tonarrouium, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, n. ser. 5, p. 164. Dry prairies,
a Cross Timbers of the Canadian River ; August.

RIOGONUM ORTHOCLADON, Torr. in Sitgreaves’ Be. b. 16754295 Benth. in DC. Prodr. 14,
ito 1,p.15. Sandy hills, Albuquerque, New Mexico.

ErrogonuM ALatum, Torr. 1. c. p. 168, ¢. 8. Var. GLABRIUSCULUM: caule foliisyne vix pube.
scentibus ; involucris bracteolisque glabris. High prairies, near the Upper Canadian. Plant
4-5 feet high. Differs from the ordinary form of this species in being taller, nearly glabrous
in all its parts, (except a.slight hairiness on the leaves and lower part. “of the stem,) and in the
slender and more numerous “branches: It may be E. alatum f. elatum, Benth. in DC. Prodr-
+34, pars. 1, p. T.

76 [132] : BOTANY. 5

Errogonum Lacunoeynum, Torr. mss.; Benth. l. c. p. 8. (Tab. XIX.) . Hill-sides and rocky
dells of the Llano Estacado ; Stobeniens A remarkable species. At the base of each flower
there is an srieste-danvpeliee bract, (not represented in the figure,) and inside this a pair of
spatulate-linear opposite bracteoles. This appears to be the normal structure in the genus, but
we have not detected it in any other species. Usually the bracteoles are solitary, or more rarely,
- a pair of opposite ones to each flower.

Erroconum Wricutt, Zorr. Mss.; Benth. 1. c. p. 15. Gravelly plains, near Albuquerque,
New Mexico; October. Stem suffruticose, decumbent, throwing up erect branches which are
6-12 inches high. Flowers very numerous, many of them expanding together, and thus form-
ing heads which are more than half an inch in diameter. Inyolucre acutely 5-toothed, Seg-
ments of the perianth obovate, the exterior a little broader than the others; ovary and achenium
with the beak hispid.

Enrtoconum Jamestt, Benth. in DC. Prodr. 14, pars 1, Pp. 1. Hills on the upper waters of
the Canadian River. September.

ERI0GONUM TENELLUM, Torr. Ann. Lye. N. York, 2, p. 241; Benth. q. & “p. TD. With the
last ; in rocky places.

Ertogonum RoTuNnpIFoLIuM, Benth. 1. c. p. 21. Sandia mountains, New Mexico; October.
sstoates 2, spatulate-linear, glandular on the margin, and fringed also with long hairs.

Warden EFFUSUM, var. LEPTOPHYLLUM, Torr. in oe Rep. p. 168. Hills and ravines,
Cienegella, New Mexico; October.

ERIOGONUM EFFUSUM, Var.? NUDICAULE: caule brevissimo ramoso basi lignoso ; foliis subradi-
calibus lanceolato-linearibus albolanatis, scapis glabriusculis superne bis bi-trichotomis, in-
-_ yolucris turbinato-campanulatis glabris 5-dentatis, dentibus rotundatis brevibus, perigoniis
glabris, basi obtusis, laciniis oblongis subeequalibus ; ovario glabro. In pine and cedar woods,
near Galisteo, New Mexico. Branches of the stem or caudex scarcely an inch long. Leaves 2
inches long, 2-3 lines wide, revolute on the margin (in the dry specimens), tomentose on both
sides, but less so above. Scapes 8-12 inches high, naked, mostly twice three-forked with very
short bracts at the base of the somewhat spreading branches. Perianth pale purple, segments
emarginate, the exterior ones a little broader. Achenium ovate with a long tapering summit,
slightly scabrous on the angles above. Embryo incurved-excentric. This resembles some dicts
of E. effusum, especially the var. rosmarinoides, Benth., but differs in the very short stem,
nearly glabrous elongated scapes or peduncles and Tay Glier ed, looser and more spreading in-
florescence. Its habit is that of E. lachnogyuum, but it — to a different section, the
embryo being strongly curved.

ERI0GONUM POLYCLADON, Benth. 1. c. p. 16. Gravelly hills, near Albuquerque, New Mexico ;
October. Annual. Bracteoles filiform, not —— with very long fringed hairs on the
margin. :
CHORIZANTHE. MEMBRANACEA, Benth. in Linn. ‘ies: 17, p. 419, ¢. 17, f. 11. Hill-sides, éetc.,
Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus River ; also near Sonora, California: May.

CHor1zANTHE PuUNGENS, Benth. 1. c. t. 19, f. 2. With the pieosdiay species, May 8.

PTEROSTEGIA DRYMARIOIDES, Fisch. & Mey. Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1835; Hook. & Arn. Bot.
Beech. p. 387, t. 90. Rocky places, near Marysville; also af Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus
River ; Napa Valley ; and mountains near San Gabriel, March—May. This plant is variable in
the size and divisions of the leaves. In the spenienedil from near San Gabriel the leaves are
deeply two-parted, and the divisions two-cleft, with entire or bifid segments.. We have little
doubt that among its forms must be included P. diphylla and P. ee

ACANTHOGONUM, Nov. Gen.

Involucrum 1-2-florum, ota basi indurata subtrigonum, segmentis fe aeliias: ovatis -
eromnare apice subulato-pungentibus. Flos hermaphroditus sessilis, ima basi involucri

BOTANY. _ [133] 77

reconditus. R deceit eequaliter 6-dentatum, fructiferum clausum. Stamina 6, perigoni
fauc inserta, dentibus ejusdem opposita: Alkeiciith brevissima. Styli 3, breves; stigmata capi-
tata. Achenium ovato-trigonum, acutum, semen conforme. Embryo ie axi albuminis farinacej
curvatum ; cotyledonibus orbiculatis silipnsi ; Tadicula elongata supera. Herba annua, nana,
breviter ramosa, rigida ; foliis imis ovatis longe petiolatis tomentosis, reliquiis spinescenti-
subulatis confertissimis —— eth ge involucris axillaribus oe bracteola
trifida spinescente fulcratum.

_ AcANTHOGoNUM RIGIDUM. On Williams’ sdiee:) a fork of the Uoliends: Weitets New Mexico.

Only winter vestiges of this plant were collected by Dr. Bigelow ; but the specimens seem to
show that it is a new genus of Eriogonew. It will stand next to Mucronea, from which it
differs in habit, in the short involucral tube, in the 6-toothed closed perianth, and in the. in-
sertion of the stamens. The whole plant above ground is not more than 3 or 4 inches high.
The lower and radical leaves are about half an inch long, clothed with a white tomentum, and
stand on petioles which are nearly an inch in length. The upper leaves are destitute of stipules,
rigid, subulate, and spreading. In nearly every axil is a solitary sessile -involucre, which is
3-parted ; the segments varying from ovate to narrowly lanceolate; all of them mucronate and
pungent, carinate, strongly 3-nerved, with transverse connecting veins; the closed base is ob-
tusely triangular, and contains a siaglé: sessile flower, Piciinak membranaceous, 6-toothed ;
the teeth ovate, very hairy. Stamens apparently only 65 filaments inserted in the throat op-
posite the teeth of the perianth ; anthers not seen. The achenium is sometimes 3-valved at the
summit, or at least easily splits when old. _What.we have called subulate rigid upper leaves
may be aul the spine-like persistent midribs,

Rumex Maritimus, Linn.; Meisn. in DO. Prodr. im pars 1, p. 59. Low places on the Rio
Grande, near Alimauesexe: A dwarf form. ~

EX poMEsTIcUS, Harim.; Hook. Fl. Bor,-Amer. :. p. 129? Sandy plains and hills near

_the Mohave creek, California ; March. The fruit too young for determining with certainty the
species. -

-Potyconum Paronycata, rj & Schlecht. in ccahaet 3, p. 51; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech.,
p. 158. Near San Fraisieces April 3.

Potyeonum Bistorta, Eons Meda: Polyg. p. 91. P. bistortoides, Pursh, Fl. 1, p. 371.
Laguna of Santa Rosa creek, New Mexico; May 1. — rae} :

: ~ LAURACE.

- OrEoDAPHNE Oanirornica, Nees, Syst. Laur. p. 463. Tetranthera? Californica, Hook. &
Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 150. Laurus? regia, Dougl. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. Umbellularia
Californica, Nutt. Sylv. 1, p. 87. Drimophyllum pauciflorum, Nutt. 7. ¢. ¢. 22, exel. syn.
Mountains near San Gabriel, and Oakland, California; March—April, (in Sower:) On the
Upper Sacramento this fine tree attains a height of 50-70 feet. Douglas estimated the height
of some individuals at 120 feet. Towards the south its altitude is much less, being from 15-30
feet. By the slightest friction it emits a strong spicy odor, but is apt to excite sneezing. The
fruit is globose, nearly an inch in diameter, and stands on a thick stalk. When immature it is
green, but dark-purple when fully ripe. We have no doubt that Nuttall’s Drimophyllum is
identical with Oreodaphne Californica. His plate agrees very well with a common state of the
plant, and also with an authentic specimen of. Laurus regia of Douglas. The inhabitants of
California call it Mountain Laurel and Spice-tree- It grows throughout the western part af the
State, from the =e ot Oregon to Santa Barbara.

THYMELACE:.

Drrea PALUsTRIS, Linn. Spec. 1, p. 358; Zorr. Fl. N. York 2, p. 163. Mountains near Oak-
land, California ; April 4, (with flowers and young fruit.) We have never before received this
plant from any part of the United States west of the Mississippi.

78 [134] : : . BOTANY.

SANTALACEZ.

Catan UMBELLATA, Nutt. Gen. 1, pp. 157; Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2; p. 139, £179, fig. A}

’ Torr. Fl. N. York 2, p. 160. Hill-sides, Sonora; California ; May 9. This pina has a very

extensive range both in latitude and longitude, being hiwod from British America to Georgia

‘and Texas, and from.the Atlantic to the Pacific. In the south, and far to the west, it is often

suffrutescent, which is not the case in the middle States. Mr. Stauffer, of Mount Joy, Pennsyl-

vania, has clearly established the parasitism of Comandra to be similar to that which M. Mitten
had saieared ascertained of Thesium.

LORANTHAGER.

PHORADENDRON FLAVESCENS, Nutt. in Jour. Acad. Phil. n. ser. 1 Si 185: Engelm. in Gray Pl.
Fendl. p. 59. Viscum flavescens, Pursh, Fi,-T, p. 114, A Reichohach: anum,-Seem.<Bot
__ Herald-p-294t: 62,- On b Saleen River; Vebvaary.: The anthers are only one-celled, with
a transverse terminal slit.

Var. puBESCENS, Engel. in Gray, Pl. Inndh, 2, p. 212. Parasitic. on Quercus agrifolia, Napa
Valley, Corte Madera, &c., California. Differs’ frist the ordinary form of P. flavescons only i in
its pubescence, and widalie leaves.

Var. orBicuLaTuM, Lngelm. 1. c. Pass of Mount Hope, and near White Clit Creek, ‘Western
New Mexico; on Quéteds Emoryi. . Fruit ripe in J anuary. Dr. Bigelow found at Cajon Pass,

_ on what seems to be a dwarf oak, a Phoradendron with ovate nearly sessile and very thick leaves,
which are scarcely more than half an inch in length, and clothed (as well as the young branches)
with a dense pubescence. There were only a few separate berries accompanying the specimens.
It may be P. villosum of Nuttall. Our materials are scarcely sufficient for identifying the species.
_-- ~PHORADENDRON PAUCIFLORUM (n. sp.): rainis teretibus; foliis spathulatis v. spathulato-lineari-

8 te bus enerviis junioribus pubescentibus demum glabratis crassis ; spicis brevipedunculatis simpli-

bas ¢ capitatis oblongisve pauci-(4-8)-floris foliis multo brevioribus ; floribus plerumque 3-lobis.

‘f~ On Juniperus occidentalis and Abies Dotiglasf, "Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada. Branches

ey 3-6 inches: long, stout. Leaves three-fourths of an inch to an qwoh long, ‘2-3 lines wide.

' . Anthers 2-celled, opening by two terminal transverse chinks. There is an abortive ovary with
a distinct style in the male flowers. Berries apparently white, about one line in diameter in

_ the dried specimens. This seems to bea widely spread species. Dr. Gregg found it at 2
Antonio de los Alanzanes, Mexico. It oso occurs in ss and Mr, _—— collected it
New Mexico. -

PHORADENDRON ae ee Mite. l. c.; Engelm: tl. c. Willian River, growing on
Parkinsonia microphylla; also near the Caines, on Cercidium floridum, bearing fruit in Feb-
ruary, probably formed in the autumn of the preceding year. Specimens with small flowers
were collected near Fort Yuma by Major Thomas. Branches pubescent when young, but at

~Jength nearly or quite smooth. Spikes, in the specimens from the Colorado, three-fourths of an
inch long and many-flowered, with several approximated whorls; but often only 4-8-flowered.
Berries globose, apparently reddish, about two lines in diameter. ‘Perianth 3—4-lobed. Anthers
oblong, 2-celled, adnate by the middle to the rome thie cells opening Stance on their
face the whole a ~ the anther. This sdiffers-in thes > of the anthers from the
as-given-by: Nuttat an aid Engelmann. “When evi the whole plant i is

—

of a grayish-brown color. .

PHORADENDRON JUNIPERINUM, Engelm. 1, c. On Williams’ Hives: also in the Desert, 50 miles
west of the Colorado. It grows on different species of J utiiperns, Only fruiting specimens
were found. This is a common species in New Mexico, but we have never seen the nite flowers.

ARCEUTHOBIUM cRYPToPopUM, Engelm. in Gray, Pl. Lindh. 2 , p. 214. On Pinus brachyptera.
Sierra Madre and Leroux’s Spring, near San Francisco mountain, Western New Mexico. Our

BOTANY. _ [185]-79

specimens are all female, and mostly in fruit.. The plant is of a light-brown when dry. Dr.
‘Engelmann (I. c.) was inclined to refer A. Oxycedri of Hooker’s Fl. Bor.-Amer. to this species,
but seeing that plant in my herbarium, he thought it was probably A. Americana, Nutt.
-AxceuTHosrum Oxyceprt, Jf, Bieb.? A. campylopodum, var. macrathron, Engelm. I. c.? On
Libocedrus decurrens, Duffield’s Ranch, California. The female plant only, A foot long, and
of a dark-brown when dry. Stems stout; the branches long and slender, somewhat quad-
rangular above ; the length of the joints 2-3 times more than the diameter. Female flowers
mostly 3-cleft. From the Rev. A. Fitch we have specimens of what is undoubtedly Engelmann’s
plant, collected on a Pinus between Stockton and Stanislaus: It is much smaller than the
specimens from Duffield’s Ranch, and the color is light-brown. .

*

SAURURACEA.

Anemopsts Cartrornica, Nutt. in Tayl. Ann. Nat. Hist. 1 , p. 136; Hook: & Arn, Bot. Beech,
p. 390 t. 92. ‘Wet places on the Rio Grande, near Albuquerque; October. .
_ ae CALLITRICHACEA.

CALLITRICHE VERNA, Linn. Sp. 1, p. 6; Torr. Fl. N. York, 2, p. 170, var. vulgaris, DC.
Prodr. 3, p. 70,. In water, near Tamul Pass, California; April 11. Styles twice as long as
the fruit. — is

CALLITRICHE MARGINATA n. sp.: fructibus longepedunculatis ; carpellis parallelis dorso alato-
membranaceis ; foliis lineari-spathulatis trinerviis. . Muddy places along Mark West’s creek,
California; April 30. Upper California; Rev. A. Fitch, (locality not recorded.) Stem slender,
branching, rooting in the mud. Leaves about one-third of an inch long,-distinctly 3-nerved.
Styles at first spreading, but finally reflexed over the fruit. Peduncles about two-thirds as
long as the leaves, spreading or reflexed. Carpels strongly margined, or with a narrow wing
on the back from the base to the summit. A well characterized species, resembling C. Nut-
tallii; nob. (C. pedunculosa, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. 5, p. 140; not of Arnott,
nor C. pedunculata DC.), but differs in the winged fruit. In C. Nuttallii the leaves are very
obscurely 3-nerved, not veinless, as they are described. ; -

| DATISCACER. | .

TRICERASTES GLOMERATA, Presl, Rel. Henk. 2, p. 88, t. 64; Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 335, No.
1951, Mokelumne Hill, and sides of rivulets, Sonora, California ; May. Our observations on
the male flowers of this genus agree with those of Bentham 1. c. We have not seen the her-
maphrodite flowers which he describes. : ; | .

EUPHORBIACES.

_ Evpworpra teptocera, Engelm. Mss. in herb. Torr. Prairies of Grass Valley, California; May
20, (fl. and fr.) We regret having mislaid Dr. Engelmann’s description of this species. It
will, however, be contained in his Monograph of North American Euphorbix, which will be
published in a few months. The plant has a strong resemblance to E. Peplus, but is more
nearly allied to E. commutata, Engelm., (in Gray’s Manal, ed. 2, p, 389,) from which, indeed,
it is difficult to distinguish it. . ok ail : . :

EvPHoRBIA MELANADENIA (sp. nov.): caule procumbente ramosissimo herbaceo ; foliis breviter
petiolatis suborbiculatis inequaliter cordatis crassiusculis integerrimis dense cano-pubescentibus ;
stipulis minutis; involucris solitariis; glandulis involucri transverse oblongis, appendicibus
petaloideis semiorbiculatis ; capsulis hirsutis; seminibus levibus opacis. -Low or wet places
near San Gabriel, California; March 22, Leaves 2-3 lines in diameter. Glands black in dried
specimens, but perhaps very dark purple in the living plant. Capsule without tubercles, This

Species appears to be annual, and belongs to the group that contains E. herniariodes,

80 [136] BOTANY.

GARRYACEZ.

Guat Eviiptica, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t.. 1686 ; took: & Arn. Bot. Doeak p. 390. Rocky
arroyos, near White Cliff Creek, a tributary of Williams’ River, New Mexico... The specimens
in the collection were gathered in February, and are all ioeais. § in fruit. The leaves of the
flowering specimens are smaller than’ the ordinary form of this species, and they are not wavy :
those of sterile branches are much larger. :

Garrya WricHTH (sp. nov.): foliis elliptico-oblongis utrinque acutis mucronatis crassis planis
opacis, margine muriculatis; racemis ramosis; bracteis lanceolatis basi connatis interdum
foliaceis et vix connatis ; floribus in quisque Beacion solitariis masculis pedicellatis, fcemineis
sessilibus. On rocks, base of San Francisco Mountain, New Mexico. This species is common
at the Copper Mines, New Mexico, and is the same as No. 634 of Mr. Wright’s collection of.
1849, and No. 1789 of the collection made in 1851-52. It is nearly allied to G. laurifolia,
Benth. Pl. Hartw. No. 81 and 384; but that has rather obtuse and larger leaves, which are of a
- thinner texture and without the iiiskenad muriculate margin. Endlicher (Gen. Suppl. I, No.
1900) has proposed to separate G. Fadyenii, Hook. Ic. t. 333, a native of Jamaica, as a genus,
under the name of Fadyenia, on account of the sepals didnt at the tip in the male flower, the
absence of a free portion of the (perianth i in the female, and the short thick recurved styles. In —
- his Suppl. IV, No. 1899, he ha as added four other species from Mexico to this genus. In G.
elliptica, however, (the original species,) the sepals cohere at the tip as much as they do in G.
Fadyenii, nor have we detected i in the pistillate flower of the former, the two teeth or free’ portion
of the calyx described by Lindley ; ; and the styles are more or less recurved in all the species.
The genus Fadyenia is, therefore, without a distinctive character. G. Wrightii is easily dis-
tinguished by the roughish, HE muriculate margin of the leaves. It is a shrub about three
feet high. The leaves are 14-2 inches long, and from three-fourths to nearly an inch wide,
with a strongly mucronate tip.

Colonel Frémont found on the — Sacramento, ‘above the Great Cafion,’”’ in 1846, a
Garrya nearly allied to this species. It may be thus characterized :

Garrya Fremont: foliis lato-ellipticis “utrinque acutis vix mucronatis planis glabris supra
nitidis margine integerrimis ; racemis (¢) ramosis; bracteis ovatis acuminatis supra medium
connatis, inferioribus 3-floris ; floribus pedicellatis. A shrub about four feet high. Only the

male plant was found. The leaves are broader than in G. Wrightii, and are only slightly hairy
in the youngest state. The spikes are 2-4 inches long, and seem to be pendulous. The bracts,
by their union, form bidentate cups, which, on the lower part of the spike, and frequently
throughout, are 6-flowered, (three flowers on each side.) This seems to be the normal inflor-
escence of the genus, for in G. elliptica, and often in G. Wrighstt, besides the primary flower in
each bract, there are two small rudimentary ones.

_. Another apparently undescribed species of this genus is No. 633 of Wright’s Western Texas

~ and New Mexican Collection, (1849.) It is also in the earlier collection of Lindheimer. We
have only the male plant. The leaves (including the petioles) are 24-3 inches in length, oblong
and obovate, obtuse, slightly mucronate, nearly glabrous and somewhat shining above, pub-
escent underneath, smooth and ‘even on the margin; spikes shorter than the leaves, bracts
lanceolate or ovate, flowers on ‘Short pedicels. Lindheimer and Wright seem to be the only
botanists who have collected it. ‘ we propose for it the name of G. Lindheimeri.

PL ATANACEA.,

_ Pravanus racemosa, Nutt. in Audubon’s Birds t, 362, and North Amer. Sylv. 1 p. 47, t. 15.
P. Mexicana, Moric. Pl. Nov. ou rar. d’ Amer. t. 26. P. Californica, Benth. Bot. Sulph. p. 54,
Ft Hartw. p. 336. — and plains, near San Gabriel; March 23, (in flower, with

BOTANY. : [187] 81

balls of ripe fruit of the preceding setsey This species resembles P. orientalis maneh more than
Fs ainepalis.

BETULACE®.

ALNUS VIRIDIS, De. Fl. Frang. 3 p. 304? Cajon Pass and Creek, California. ‘The specimens
are in very young leaf, with old female aments of the past season. The latter are oblong-
ovate, and the fruit is narrowly winged, The leaves are glutinous, acute at the base, and doubly
serrate. There are needed specimens in a more mature state in order to be certain of the species.

MYRICACER.

Myrica CaLtrorntca, Cham. & Schlecht, in Linnea 6, p. 535; ae Fl. Bor.-Am. 2, p. 260;
Hook. &: Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 390. Near San ficanctbos : ‘April 3, (only the male plant}; near
Monterey, Mr. Rich, ane fruit.) Hooker and Arnott are inclined to refer the ae ey to M.
Xalapensis, H. B.K.

CUPULIFERA,

CASTANEA CHRYSOPHYLLA, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 2 p. 159; Hook. Lond. Jour. Bot.
1843, t..16. Gravelly hills near Oakland, California, The plants found by Dr. Bigélow were
only a 2-3 feet high, and yet they bore fruit. In Oregon, where it abounds on the Columbia,
it is a large tree, sometimes growing 70 feet high. Dr. Parry and Mr. Rich found it at Mon-
terey. It is a beautiful species, and well deserves cultivation. Nuttall, in his North American

Sylva, asks whether this tree and Quercus densifolia, Hook., may not the same. .The Cas- ~

tanea had not been figured when the Sylva of Mr. Nuttall was published, nor had he seen
specimens of the plant.

Quercus EcHINACEA, Torr. in Pl. of U. S. Expl. Exped. (ined.): foliis perennantibus lanceolato-
oblongis integerrimis vel serrato-dentatis, junioribus subtus cinereo-tomentosis demum glabratis ;
amentis masculis elongatis densifloris ; fructibus sessilibus; cupula hemispherica, squamis fili-
formibus densis patulis vel reflexis apice plerumque dntinallé ; glande brevi ovata. Tokeloma
Creek, California ; April 17; fruit of the preceding season was collected on the ground. This
fine ant was first Miecerelt ie Mr. Brackenridge, on the upper waters of the Sacramento Creek,
while attached to the United States Exploring Expedition. It was found also by Dr. Parry”
botanist of the Mexican Boundary Survey, while under command of Major Emory. We have
also received specimens of it from Mr. Burke, and the acorns from Dr. Andrews, It is a near
ally of Q. densiflora, Hook. & Arn., which is also a native of California, but is easily distin-
guished from that species by the remarkable scales of the cup.. The leaves are exceedingly
variable, for although they are usually more or less lanceolate-oblong, sometimes they are
obovate. They are commonly obtuse, but occasionally quite acute, even on the same tree. In
the specimens collected by Dr. Bigelow and by Mr. Burke, the leaves are 4—5 inches long, and

entire, except a few of them which are obscurely repand-dentate. The male aments are in
clusters, about 4 inches long and about 3 lines in diameter; at their base are a few female
flowers. The acorns are 2 or 3 together; the cup is an inch i in diameter and thickly covered
with rigid subulate or filiform scales, which are at length reflexed or recurved. 7 The acorns are
short and thick, about three-fourths of an inch long, obtuse, with a short abrupt point, and of a

light- -brown color. In the mountains this oak attains the height of 25 or 30 feet, with a trunk
_ six inches in diameter.

UERCUS CRASSIPOCULA, Torr. in» Williamson’ s Rep. cum tab, Cajon Pass, Sierra rade:
The specimens are not in fruit. According to Dr. Bigelow’ s notes, this species, in favorable
situations, becomes a tree 40 feet high, but in poor soils it isa mere bush. In the former the
leaves are toothed ; in the dwarf plants they are entire,

1}

wie
28

sharply toothed, as in the chestnut. . In those obtained by Mr. Brackenridge they are perfectly “a

f

82 [138] BOTANY

QuERcUS DENSIFLORA, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p.391; Hook. Ic. 4. t. 380; Nutt. Sylv. 1. p.
11. ¢. 5. Hill-sides on the Yuba, near Downieville, California. There are no acorns, and only
old decayed cups of the preceding season, which show the characters very imperfectly. We are
not certain but our specimens may belong to a form of the preceding spécies.

Quercus Emoryt, Torr. in Emory’s Rep. 1 p. t. 9. San Francisco Moanin, and Aztec —.
New Mexico. -A species of Phoradendron frequently grows on this oak.

QUERCUS AGRIFOLIA, Wée. in Ann. Se. Nat. 3, p. 271; Hook. Ic. 3, t. 377; Nutt. Sylv. 1 p. 5, t. 2.
Corte Madera, and Laguna of Santa Rosa Creek, Galitienin:s Ape May; with male catkins
and old acorns. This is a dwarf species in most situations ; ‘often loaded with fruit when only
- 2 or 3 feet high. Sometimes, however, it becomes a tree 40-50 feet high, with a trunk of a foot
or more in diameter. It varies greatly in the size, form, and dentures of the leaves, as well as
in the size and shape of the acorns. Q. oxyadenia, Torr. in Sitgreaves’ Rep. t. 17, is this species
with the acorns fully developed.

Quercus TrvcTorIA, Bartram. Trav. p. 37; Michx. f. Sylv.1, t. 24, var. Californica: sinubus
folii angustioribus, fractibis majoribus, cupula squamis tcintigalanhoventte acutioribus. Hill-
sides, Napa Valley. This is a common tree in California. It occurs throughout the valley of
the Sacramento, and as far south as San Diego. -We have not been able to point out characters
sufficient to distinguish it specifically from the Q. tinctoria of the Atlantic States, and yet it is
probably a distinct species, The qualities of the bark we had no means of determining. It
presents some diversity.in the size and lobes of the leaf; but the acorns vary more than in the
eastern oak. They are generally larger, and the glands are sometimes more than two-thirds
immersed in the cup, with the upper scales elongated ; but more commonly the cup is much
more shallow and the scales more nearly uniform in size. The largest acorns are an inch and a
quarter long.

Quercus Garryana, Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 2, p. 159; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 391;
Nutt. Sylv. 1, p. 1, t. cs Santa Rosa Creek, California. Dr. Bigelow, found it growing only
about 30 feet high ; but in Oregon-Mr. Nuttall saw trees of this species 90-100 feet in height,
with a diameter of from 3 to 6 feet. It belongs to the section of the genus that includes the
White Oak.

Quercus Hinpsqr, Benth. Bot. Sulph. p. 55; Torr. Bot. of Calif. & Oregon, U. S. Ezpl.
Exped. cum icon. (ined.) Q. longiglanda, Torr. in Frémont’s Geogr. Mem. of Calif. Plains
near Marysville, Feather River, California. Common in the valley of the Sacramento. Dr.
Parry found it as far south as Monterey. It is a tall tree with a trunk 3 feet in diameter, and
is remarkable for the usually great length of its acorns. These are sometimes even two inches
long, and either tapering to a point, or rather obtuse at the summit. Rarely they are somewhat
curved. On some trees they are ovate. The cup is tuberculate with the thickened scales.

SALI CACEA.

Sanrx aux Hinpstana, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 336, No. 1956; Swamps and river Heutlage “Mark |

West’s Creek; April 30, (male ;) also valleys and ravines near Butte Mountains, Marysville,
California ; May. 25, (in fruit.) Branches very slender, pale-brown, dull. Leaves about an
inch and a half long and 2-3 lines wide, thinly pubboenhs at first hoary, but when mature pale-
green on. both sides, very acute at each end. Aments appearing with the leaves, verltinaietais,
terminating the short lateral branchlets, about an inch long; the male often 2-3 together.
Filaments hairy below the middle. Capsules sessile, pubescent, abruptly narrowed to a long
beak ; style short, but distinct ; stigmas with 2 linear lobes. This species is allied to S. exigua.
Nutt. Sylv. I, p. 15, but the leiiese are narrower, perfectly entire, and not silky ; the fertile
aments shorter, etc. It also resembles No. 1873, Wright, but that has glabrous fruit, bright
reddish-brown branchlets, paler leaves, etc. ;

Saurx LastanpRa, Benth. 1. c. No. 1954. Near Bolinas Bay, California ; April, in fruit. The

%

BOTANY. [138] 83

fertile aments only were collected by Dr. Bigelow, while Mr. Bentham describes only the male
flowers. There can be little doubt that our plant is the same as his. The fertile aments appear
after the leaves are nearly unfolded, and are produced at the extremity of short lateral branches.
They are cylindrical, and about two inches long. The capsules are smooth and distinctly pedi-
cellate. Style short, but evident. Stigmas 2-lobed.. Leaves 24 inches long and 6-8 lines wide,
distinctly serrulate. There are in Dr. Bigelow’s collection more advanced specimens of what
appears to be only S. lasiandra. The leaves are fertile, aments are larger, but in other respects
there is little difference. ;

Saurx Briernovir (sp. nov.): foliis obovatis vel cuneato-oblongis obtusissimis integerrimis
subtus griseo-pubescentibus supra glabratis nitidulis; amentis (feemineis) brevi pedunculatis
cylindricis elongatis crassis, basi bracteosis ; ovariis pedicellatis. acutiusculis glabris; stylo
elongato ; stigmatibus brevibus bilobis; squamis persistentibus villosis. Near San Francisco ;
April 8, (with immature fruit.) Twigs rather stout, slightly pubescent, dark-brown, and
dull. Leaves 14-2 inches long, and } to ? of an inch broad, on short petioles of a firm but not
coriaceous texture. Female catkins nearly two inches long, and more than one-third of an inch
in diameter ; the peduncle 3-4 lines long; the small leafy bracts at base deciduous. Ovary
ovate, supported on a distinct pedicel. Scale about one-fourth the length of the ovary, dark-
brown, but the color is concealed by the strong villous pubescence. We know not what else to
do with this well characterized willow but to describe it as a new species. It does not appear to
have been noticed by any writer on the plants of California and Oregon. The species to which
it seems nearest allied is S. planifolia of Hooker. The male flowers were not found. In the
collection of Dr. Bigelow was a Salix with female catkins only, which is perhaps the same
species as the one just described, but in a younger state. The leaves are silky-pubescent under-
neath, and slightly pointed. ; : ”

Two or three other Salices were collected in California, but we are unwilling to decide on
them without a more extensive study of all the allied species than we can give them at present.

URTICACEA.

Urtica URENS, Linn. Sp. 2. p. 284; Torr. Fl. N. York. 2. Dp. 229. Plains near San Gabriel ;
March 23. - Probably introduced from Europe.

"“ HESPEROONIDE, Nov. Gen.

-. FLORES monorct. Mase. Calyx 4-partitum ; foliolis equalibus concavis patentibus. Stamina
4. Qvarii rudimentum. Fem. Perigonium oblongo-ovatum, ventricosum ; ore minuto. bidentato ;
Ovarium liberum, ovatum, sessile; stigma sessile, pencillatum. Achenium lato, ovatum lenticu-
lari-compressum, calyce membranaceo immutato tectum. Herba annua Californica ; pilis uren-
tibus ; foliis oppositis ovatis petiolatis dentatis ; floribus laxe glomeratis axillaribus, masculi et —
foeminei in iisdem glomerulis. :
HuspErocyipe TeNELLA:—Shady rocks, Napa Valley, California; April 25. Stem slender, 3-8
inches high, simple, armed with scattered conspicuous stinging hairs. Leaves broadly ovate,
5-8 lines.in diameter; obtuse, serrate-dentate, beset with a few stinging hairs on both sides,
and finely ciliate on the margin ; petiole about one-third the length of the lamina. Axillary
glomerules 15-20-flowered, on short pedicels, mostly female, there being usually only one or
two malesin acluster. Male. Calyx deeply 4-parted; the segments concave and somewhat
saccate at the summit. Stamens nearly twice as long as the calyx. In the centre of the flower
is the rudiment of an ovary. Female flowers articulated to a short stalk. Calyx clothed with
short uncinate hairs, acute, the orifice minute, bidentate. Ovary loosely but completely enclosed
in the calyx. Stigma terminal, nearly sessile, consisting of a tuft of short-jointed hairs.
Achenium enclosed in the thin membranaceous calyx, orbicular-ovate, acute, somewhat coriace-
- ous, brownish. Embryo in thin albumen; cotyledons transversely reniform-orbicular ; radicle

a.
ale

84 [140] ‘BOTANY.

- eylindrical rather shorter than the cotyledons. This little urticaceous plant seems to have been
overlooked hitherto. It resembles Bochmeria, but differs in the inflorescence, pencilliform
stigma, and in some other characters. It is still more nearly related to the East Indian genus
Pouzolzia, which differs in ‘the ‘stigma elongatum,’’ and in the fructiferous calyx being
“‘accretum vel 2—4-alatum.’’ The habit is also apegaah Pouzolzia consisting of perennial
shrubs, or under shrubs, with entire leaves.

CONIFER.

EPHEDRA ANTIsIPHILITICA, Berland.; Endl. Syn. Conif. p. 263. -On hills between the Canadian
and the Pecos, also along Williams’ Fork, (not in flower.)

Taxus BREVIFOLIA, Nutt. Sylv, 3. p. 86, ¢. 108. T. baccata, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am, 2, p. 167,
(ex parte:) T. Lindleyana, Murray in Edinb. Phil. Mag. April, 1855. Mammoth Grove, and
hill-sides near Downieville; May. A small tree in California, but in Oregon it sometimes
occurs 60 feet high, with a trunk 2 or 3 feet in diameter. We follow Mr. Nuttall in separating
the Yew of the Northwest coast from the Taxus baccata of Europe. We have not, however,
found the differences pointed out by Mr. Nuttall to be constant. The leaves are not always
shorter than i in the European species, and in T. Canadensis; nor are they flatter than in the
other species, and the male aments, when fully grown, are qnite as large as in the Canadian
Yew. The chief character in which T. brevifolia differs from T. baccata is the cuspidate
leaves of the former. From T. Canadensis it is distinguished by its upright stem.

Torreya Catirornica, Zorr, in- New York Jour. Pharm. 3, p. 49. T. Myristica, Hook, Bot.
Mag. t. 4780. Tokeloma Creek, near Tomales Bay; April 17, (male flower.) This is the
famous California Nutmeg. It was first made known to North American botanists by the late
Mr. Shelton, who travelled extensively in California. For a description of the plant, we refer
to the works here quoted, and to Dr. Bigelow’s report on the trees collected on the expedition.*

SEQUOIA SEMPERVIRENS, Endl. Syn. Conif. p. 198. Taxodium sempervirens, Lamb. Pin. (ed. 2,)
2,t. 64; Gray, in Sill. Jour. (Qd ser.) 18, p. 150. Mountains near Oakland. The popular
name of this tree in California is Redwood. Dr. Bigelow has given some interesting details
respecting it in his special report.

SequorA GIGANTEA, Zorr. in Sill. Jour. l. ec. Wellingtonia gigantea, Lindl. Gardner’s
Chronicle, Dec. 1853, p. 820 and. 823; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4777 and 4778. A full account of
this monarch of the Californian forest will be found in Dr. Bigelow’ 8 report, and in the
Botanical Magazine, 1. c. We have shown that in this tree, as well as in 8. sempervirens, the
leaves are dimorphous, as they are in many species of Juniperus. We have proved, also, that
_ there is no generic difference between the two trees. The male aments of S, gigantea, whieh
were not known to Lindley and Hooker, prove to be in all respects like those of 8. sempervirens.
S. gigantea, of Endlicher, (1. c.,) which is founded on Taxodium sempervirens, Hook. & Arn.
Bot. Beech. & Hook. Ic. t. 379, (not of Humboldt,) has been. ascertained by Hooker to be a
species of Abies, (A.-bracteata, Bot. Mag. t. 4640.)

RUS DECURRENS, Zorr. in Smithson. Contrib. 6. p. 1. t. 3. Hills, Duffield’s Ranch,
Sierra Nevada. Called White Cedar in California. It is in Hartweg’s California Collection.
Dr. Bigelow, i in his report, states that the fruit is pendulous, and is incorrectly represented as
erect in the plate just quoted ; but in most of his own specimens the cones are erect. -
_ Pinus punts, Engelm. in Wisliz. Rep. p. 88; Torr. in Sitgr. Rep. p. 173, t. 20. Rocky places
on the Llano Estacado; also near Hurrah Cheslt New Mexico ; Repieiiber 20; with ripe seeds.
Near Bill Williams’ Moantaia ; January 5. A tree 40-50 feet high, called Pition by the
Mexicans, and Nut Pine by ‘Amnetieass travellers. It is found from 150 miles east of the Rio
Grande the Cajon Pass of the i; Nevada. How far it occurs to the southward we have

*Dr. Kellogg, of San Francisco, says that it ible attains the height of eighty feet, with a trunk 12-15 —_— in diameter.

BOTANY. [141] 85

_ not been able to ascertain. In Mexico its place seems to be taken by Pinus Cembroides, Zucc.,
which has been found by Dr. Parry on the mountains east of San Diego, in California, wit

Pinus Lampertrana, Dougl.; Lamb. Pin. ed. 2, 1, p. 57, t. 34; Endl. Syn. Conif. p. 150;
Nutt. Sylv. 3, p. 122. ¢. 114. On the eastern slays of the Sierra Nevada: A stately and en
tiful tree, not excelled by any in California for its timber. A sweet substance, intermediate be-
tween resin and sugar, exudes from it when wounded and partially burned, so that it is gene-
rally known in California by the name of Sugar Pine.

Pinus Eneetmannt. P. pracuyprera, Engelm. in Wisliz. Rep. p. 89. Hill-sides, Soni, Cali-
fornia. Dr. Bigelow states that this vedinble pine makes its first appearance in the mountains
between the Pecos and the Rio Grande, and occurs in large quantities on the mountain ranges

- quite to the Sierra Nevada. See his report. It is called Yellow Pine and Pitch Pine in some
parts of New Mexico.’ We have changed the specific name, because the wing of the seed -is
not short; Dr. Engelmann himself having ascertained that the specimens from which his
description“ was drawn were not perfect. In our plant the wing is nearly an inch long. The
leaves are sometimes nearly six inches in length.

PINUS FLEXILIS, James, in Long’s Exped. 2, p. 27 & 35; Torr. in Ann. Lyc. N. Hist. N. York.
2, p. 249; Nutt. Sylv. 3, p. 107, ¢. 112. P. Lambertiana, 8. Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 2, p. 162,
(ex. Nutt.) Sandia Mountains of New Mexico, ‘12,000 feet above the level of the sea,’’ and on

_ the San Francisco Mountain, in the western part of the same Territory. It is called Rocky

Mountain White Pine. ‘The onitniey height of the tree is from 40-50 feet, but Dr. Bigelow saw

trunks of it that were more than 100 feet high. The seeds are edible tks those of P. Cembra,

which this species greatly resembles.

Pinus instants, Dougl. in Loud. Arb. 4, p. 2265, ¢. 2170-2172. Mountains near Oakland ;
also on the south Yubaand on the Coast mountains, California. The cones, when fully grown,
are about six inches long. They are usually gibbous and a little curved; the points of the
scales much more developed on the gibbous side. The ordinary height of the tree is from 30-40
feet. oh, may be the same as the imperfectly described P. Californica, Lois

Pinus Sasrrana, Dougl. in Lamb. Pin. (ed. 2,) 2, p. 146, t. 80; Loud. Arb. 4, p. 2246, f.
4185-40, 2142 & 2143; Nutt. Sylv. 3, p. 110, é. 103. Duffield’s Ranvhi; etc., at the base of the
Sierra Nevada. One of the species called White Pine in California. It is remarkable for its
very large, heavy cones, the scales of which are produced into a long stout incurved point. See
Dr. Bigelow’s Report.

Pinus contorta, Dougl. in Loud. Encl. of Trees, p. 975 of 9148 & 915; Endl. Syn. Conif. p.
163. Near Sonora, California. Leaves about 24 inches long. - Cones scarcely 2 inches in

- length, ovate when closed, but nearly globose when expanded, Its range extends northward to

Cape Disappointment.

Apres Dovetasit, Lindl. in Penny Cyclop. 1, p. 32; Loud. Arb. 4, p. 2319, f. 2230; Nutt.
ee 3, p. 129, t. 115; Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 2, p. 162, ¢. 183. From the Sandia Mountains,

een. the Poon ad Rio. Grande, to the coast range of California, on most of the higher

n It extends also north to Oregon. Its common name is Douglas Spruce. See Dr.

Bigelow’ s Report.

ABIES BALSAMEA, Jfill.? Pinus balsamea, Linn.? Sandia and San Francisco Mountains ; also
on the Sierra Nevada. We name this tree on the authority of Dr. Bigelow, who says fa his
report) that it is identical with the eastern species ; but the leaves are PUR PTONy longer. No
good cones came with the specimens. (2.

JUNIPERUS TETRAGONA, Schlecht. in Linnea, t3; p. 495? Torr. in Miwcave Rep. p. 173, var.
OSTEOSPERMA, near Bill Williams’ Mountain, and on hills fifty miles west of the Colorado of
California. This is the smooth-barked Juniperus of Sitgreaves’ Report that was supposed
might be J. tetragona, Schlecht. The short description given of that species by Schlechtenda affl
leaves us in doubt as to its identity with ours. The berries (not quite ripe) are said to be 3-4
_~ lines in diameter, while in our plant they are nearly half an inch. Neither are the fructiferous

86 [142] ; BOTANY.

branchlets nodding as in that species. Indians are said to use the berries as food. Travellers
call this and the following species Sweet-berried Cedar. The seeds are as large as a small pea,
and the shell is very thick and hard. The branchlets are about a line and a half in diameter.
Leaves nearly as broad as long, very closely appressed, (there are no acicular ones in any of our
specimens), obtuse, or sometimes rather acute, convex and marked with a depressed gland. |
ERUS PACHYPHLHA (n. sp.): arborea; foliis omnibus squamiformibus ovatis incrassato-
gibbis acutiusculis, dorso glandula elliptica impressa; ramulis obtuse quadrangulatis, fructiferis
erectis galbulos globosos minute tuberculatos trispermos brevioribus. Juniperus No. 1,
in Sitgreaves’ Report, p. 173. On the Zufii Mountains, Western New Mexico. This is the
thick-barked Juniperus of Captain Sitgreaves. It seems to be undescribed, and is distinguished
from the preceding species by the character of the bark, and by the berries (which are also very
large and sweet) being 3-seeded. From the gland of each leaf a little drop of turpentine exudes.
It is possible this may be J. Mexicana, Schlecht., which has berries half an inch in diameter ;
but in that species the leaves are acuminate, and the berries conspicuously tuberculate, espe-
cially at the apex.

JUNIPERUS OCCIDENTALIS, Hook. Fl, Bor.—Amer. 2, p. 166. J. Andina, Nutt. Sylv. 3, p. 95, t.
110. Common on the mountains of New Mexico, in various places along the route as far as the
Zuiii mountains. The glands are very obscure in the young leaves, but are plainly to be seen
in the older ones. The berries are larger and the branchlets much stouter than in J. Virginiana.

JUNIPERUS VIRGINIANA, Linn. Spec. p. 1471; Micha. Sylv. 2, p.353,¢. 155. Near Zuiii, Western.
’ New Mexico. Resembles the eastern beet, except that the leaves are all scale-like, and the
berries are a little larger.

i ‘LEMNACEA.

Lemna rrisutca, Linn. Spec. 1, p. 1376; Kunth, Enum. 3, p.5. Stagnant waters, near San
Francisco ; mixed with Azolla Gonsliviagin.¢ also on San Gabriel creek, California. “We have
never seen North American specimens of shin species in flower or fruit.

a Minor, Linn. 1. c.; Kunth, 1. c. On the surface of running water; Williams’ Fork of
the Colorado of Coliformiay -noti in flower.

TYPHACE®.

TyPHA LATIFOLIA, Linn. Wet places, near Shawneetown, on the Canadian Angst in fruit.
NAIADACEZ. :
PotaMogEToNn HyBRIDUS, Miche. Fl. 1, p. 101. In tributaries of the Canadian River ; August ;
with mature fruit. Easily dieiinrdiadaddl by its cristale spiral fruit.
PoTAMOGETON PECTINATUS, Linn.; Torr. Ft. N. York, 2, p. 257. With ie preceding. Nutlets
obovate ; the sudo very thick, with a small lanste cavity.

JUN CAGINEZ.

'TRIGLOCHIN MARITIMUM, Linn.; Torr. Fl. N. York, 2, p. 261; Kunth, Enum. 8, P. 145. Low
places i in reach of the tide ; San Francisco and Corte Madera, yet. The fruit, in some of the
species, agrees very well with Nuttall’s T. elatum, which we fear is not distinct frit this species.

ALISMACEZ.

Damasonrum CALIFORNICUM, Torr. in Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 341:* foliis oblongis seu Janceo-
latis basi cordatis obtusisve 3-5-nerviis ; petals apice incisis; scapis adscententibus; verti-

*We much regret not having received the portion of Bentham’s Plante Hartwegiane that contains most of the Bilal.

BOTANY. [143] 87

cillis 6—-9-floris ; staminibus 6; carpellis 8-10 uniovulatis basi gibbosis abrupte longirostratis.
(Tab. XXI. In water, near Tone Valley, California ; May, (in flower and fruit.) Tuber sub-
globose. Leaves all radical, on elongated petioles; the lamina 2-3 inches long, and often
nearly an inch wide. On young plants the leaves are much smaller, and sometimes not more
than 2-4 lines wide. Scapes 12-18 inches high, usually several from one root; whorls (3-4)
distant ; the longer pedicels 1-2 inches in length. Flowers nearly twice as engi asin A,
Pishiape, white. Sepals oblong, obtuse. Stamens shorter than the sepals; anthers oblong ;
filaments subulate from a somewhat dilated base. Ovaries usually 8-9, connected at the base,
with a tap:ring straight style; each with a solitary ascending anatropous ovule arising from
near the base of the cell. Carpels 4-5 lines long, much compressed, abruptly narrowed to a
long rigid beak, always one-seeded. This species greatly resembles Damasonium stellatum,
Dalech, of Europe, but that differs in the entire petals, and in the carpels being almost uni-
formly six, with the beak gradually narrowed from a broad base. It is a little remarkable to
find a representative of the genus or subgenus Damasonium in the Western Hemisphere.

Ecutnoporus rostratus, Hngelm.in Gray, Man. Bot. ed. 2, p. 439. Alisma rostrata ; Nutt. in
Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. (n. ser.) 5, p. 159. On Mohave creek, California. The seeds of this
plant are collected by the Mohave Indians, and used as food. The species is widely diffused.
We have it from Key West, Florida, (Mr. Blodgett); Georgia, (Dr. Leavenworth) ; St. Louis,
(Dr. Engelmann) ; and Pokies: (Drummond, Coll. 2, No. 432); the last a form with narrower
leaves, which are not cordate at the. base.

Saarrrarta stmpLex, Pursh, Fl. 2, p. 397; Engelm. in Gray, Man. “Bot. ed. 2, p. 439. In
water, near the Shawnee <iaires, on the Canadian River. August. - Plant larger than usual ;
the blade of the leaves being 5-6 inches long, an inch or more in breadth, and the scape afoot
at Flowers not much — than in —— Plantago. i “4

J UNCACEZ.

Louzuta campestris, DC. I. campestris, var. J. EH. Meyer, in Linnea, 22, p, 407. Near San
Francisco, April. Stem 13-2 feet long. Leaves 3-4 lines wide. Flowers in sessile clusters,
forming a compact ovate head. lL. comosa of E. Meyer, if we may judge from specimens of
Scouler and others referred to that species by Hooker and by Meyer himself, is hardly to be
distinguished from L. campestris.

Juncus BuFONIUS, Linn. Sp. p. 466 ; Torr, Fl. N. York, 2, p.329. Damp places, Los’ Peele,
etc., California; May. Wholly like the eastern plant. .

FuNcws xipuiomwes, C, 4, Mey. in Relig. Henk. 2, p. 143, ex Kunth, Enum, 3, p. 331; “Hook.
& Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 161. Low grounds, Napa Valley, Celitoeniag April,

IRIDACEA.

SYRIN | Bermuprana, Linn. Sp. 2, p. 954; Torr. Fl. N. York, 2, p. 291, var. 1 & 2:
Plains, 1 near San Gabriel, California ; March 23.5 inebls the var. MUCRONATUM, si with flowers
larger than in the eastern plant.

SISYRINCHIUM LINEATUM (Zorr. in Emory’s fiep. Mex. Bound. ined.) : scapo late alato erecto
simplici basi foliato ; foliis linearibus gramineis ; spatha triflora valde inequali, folio exteriore
flores longe superanta: perianthio luteo lato-campanulato, phyllis obtusis, exterioribus 7-nerviis,
interioribus. 5-nerviis; filamentis brevibus glabris; capsula ovato-pyriforme. Punta de los

: Reyes, California ; Apel 18. This species was first detected by Dr. Parry, who found it near

San Diego. The tie are one-third-larger than in 8. Bermudiana. Another yellow-flowered
Sisyrinchium occurs in New Mexico,

Iris LonerpreTaLa, Herb. in Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 395. Grass Valley, and near San
Francisco; May 19. Flowers as large as in I, versicolor.

ep

*

88 1[44] BOTANY.

Ints Dovenastana, Herb, 1. c. Hill-sides, Grass Valley, California; May 19. The tube of
the perianth is longer than in our original Douglasian specimens of this plant.

Var.? Mason: floribus majoribus ; ; pedicellis elongatis (fere unc. longis). Corte Madera,
California; April 10.

Iris Musounignst, Nutt. Jour. Acad. Phil. 7, p. 58? Sandia Mountains, New Mexico ;
October.. In fruit only. Leaves rather rigid, 4-5 lines wide. Scape 1—-2-flowered. enaning
1-11 inch long, obtusely triangled, abruptly contracted at the base; statutes slightly prominent.
Seeds obovate, somewhat compressed, reddish brown. Rhizoma ‘hick and creeping, clothed
with strong brownish lanceolate scales.

IRIS MACROSIPHON (sp. nov.): pumila ; suboauleaccns: rhizomate gracili ; foliis angustis erectis;
caule bifloro; perianthii imberbis tubo prelongo seaeto' petalis apice denticulatis; ovario
attenuato Siasiies pedunculato. Hill-sides, etc., Corte Madar: California; April 10. Leaves
less than one-third of an inch wide. Stem (exclusive of. the flower) 2-3 inches high, the bracts
somewhat unequal. Flowers as large asin I. versicolor, bright purple. Tube of the perianth
24 to 34 inches long, very slender, Exterior sepals broadly obovate; the interior shorter.

MELANTHACER.. ®,

PRoSARTES Hooxert: foliis sinu profundo cordatis caulem amplectentibus; umbellis ot tlntie: :
perianthio basi obtuso, phyllis lanceolatis obtusiusculis ; antheris linearibus glabris ; stigmate
fere integerrimo. Uvularia lanuginosa 8. major, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am, 2, p. 174. Mountains;
near Oakland, California; April 4. Very near P. lanuginosa of the Atlantic States, but differs
in the strongly cordate and clasping leaves, more numerous-flowered umbels, and in the form
of the sepals.

PROSARTES TRACHYANDRA (sp. nov.): foliis AN aot basi rotundatis seu vix subcordatis
arcte sessilibus, inferioribus amplexicaulibus; umbellis 2-3-floris; perianthio basi subacuto,
phyllis rhomboideo-lanceolatis ; antheris oblongo-linearibus hirtellis; stigmate integerrimo.
Hill-sides, Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada ; May 10. This species is eaaily ilieiseiniinbed from
the preceding by its scarcely cordate leases, broader attenuate sepals, and especially by its
hispid anthers. The stem is about two feet high, and dichotomously branched. The flowers
are as large as in Uvularia perfoliata, and of Ss mpepnish white color. At the base of each hope
is a distinct nectariferous pit.

VERATRUM VIRIDE, Ait. Kew. ed. 1, 3, p. 422; Torr. Fl. New York, es p. 317. Swamps, near
the South Yuba, California ; May, (with enatecnded flowers) ; ; and marshes, near San Gabriel,
(leaves only.)

AnticLgea Nurratiy, Amianthium Nuttalii, Gray, Melanth. Revis. in Ann, Lye. N, York, 4,
p. 123. Amiantanthus Nuttallii, Kunth, Enum. 4, p. 181. River banks, Wekelomne Hill, gad
Sonora, California ; May, (in fritit.) This is the Poison or Death Camass of the Northwest
iutiana, The root is a bulb the size of a musket ball, and is covered with a blackish skin,
but is white within. We find the sepals to vary in £50, from very obtuse and emarginate to
acute or acuminate, The gland is a small, roundish, discolored spot, without a very distinct
margin.

Aytictza Fremont: foliis lato-linearibus planis, racemo composito interdum simplici ; sepalis
ovatis brevi unguiculatis acutiusculis 5—7-nerviis, glandula superne dentata, dentibus cum
basis nervos incrassatos confluentibus. Mountains near Oakland, April 4, fin flower.) Also

_ found by Mr. Rich near Monterey ; and by Colonel Frémont at Santa Cruz, (flowering in Feb-

; Tuary,) and on the Uinta River, Utah; June, (in fruit.) It is No. 2009 of Hartwep’ s Californian

lection. We have specimens of it sélletadci in California by Mr. Douglas, so that it is prob-

ably Zygadenus chloranthus, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. (excl. syn.) Bulb tunicated, about as

large as a pigeon’s egg. The stem is from a few inches to 4 feet high, simple or patiieulataly
branched above, the branches terminating in simple racemes. Flowers hermaphrodite, three-

*

BOTANY. [145] 89

fourths of an inch in diameter, the pedicels 1-2 inches long. Bracts linear-lanceolate, about
half the length of the pedicels. Sepals greenish-white, narrowed into a short somewhat callous
claw, from which spring 5-7 (rarely more) strong nerves. The gland is obscure, occupying the
while breadth of the base of the sepal, toothed on the upper edge, the teeth running into the
thickened bases of the nerves. Stamens shorter than the sepals. Anthers roundish-kidney-
form. Capsule about an inch long, almost as broad near the summit as at the base. Seeds
broad and shining, compressed, variously indented, and angled. We have thrown this and the
preceding species into the genus Anticlea of Kunth, as they are excluded from Amianthium by
having a gland on the sepals. The character of Anticlea being drawn from A. Sibirica and A.
glauca will require to be slightly modified to receive the species we here refer to it. Zigadenus
will retain Z. glaberrimus and other species with a creeping rhizoma. Z. elegans of Pursh is
pretty certainly Anticlea glauca.

SCOLIOPUS,* Nov. Gen.

~

Flores hermaphrodite. Perianthium petaloideum 6-phyllum, patens, deciduum ; foliola sub-
eequilonga ; 3 exteriora oblongo-lanceolata, multiervia ; 3 interiora, angusto- Jinektia: Stamina
3, perianthii exterioris foliolis opposita; filamenta ‘tnbulate ; ; antheree oblonge, extrorse.
Ovarium liberum, sessile, triquetrum, uniloculare ; placentis 3, parietalibus. Stylus brevis,
trigonus, trifdua's lobis lineari-subulatis, apice fui pedinntoais’ Ovula plurima, biserialia,
adscendentia, anatropa. Capsula (immatura) oblonga, subalato-triquetra, polysperma._ Semina
compressa, raphe valida percursa. Embryo haud visus. Herba Californica, glabra; caule
spithameo e rhizomate brevi erecto vaginato apice diphyllo; foliis ovalibus 7-9-nerviis mem-
branaceis basi vaginantibus umbellam sessilem amplectentibus: pedicellis unifloris prelongis
nudis flexuosis, in fructu tortuosis.

Scoriopus Brerrovm. (Tab. XXII.) Tamul Pass, Marin county, not far from San Francisco,
on the “opposite side of the bay ; past flowering early in April. We have specimens in full
flower, collected by Mr. Samuels, but in what part of California we have not bcen informed.
The leaves are 6-8 inches long and 2-4 inches broad, varying from acute to rather obtuse.
They are marked with from 5 to 7 primary netves, which are narrowly winged on the under

surface, and above they are sprinkled with minute purple dots. The pedicels are from 7 to 12

or more in number, 3-8 inches long, about the size of a packthread, and more or less tortuous.
Dr. Bigelow informs us that they spread out and lie upon the ground after flowering. The
exterior leaflets of the perianth (or rather sepals) are about 7 lines long, apparently of a dull
purplish-color, and widely spreading. The inner leaflets, or petals, are scarcely half a line
wide, and about the length of the sepals. Stamens one-third the length of the sepals, and in-
serted at their base: anthers more than a line long, manifestly extrorse. Ovary tapering up-
ward; style 3-cleft nearly to the base; the segments subulate, recurved. Capsule (immature)
about two-thirds of an inch long, acute at the base, apparently loculicidal. Ripe seeds not
known. This remarkable new genus is placed at the end of Melanthacez chiefly on account of
its extrorse anthers, notwithstanding its one-celled fruit and parietal placentation. The some-
what dichlamydeous flowers are suggestive of Trilliaceze, but the extrorse anthers, as well as
other characters, would seem to forbid its being placed in that group. In Melanthacew, however,
Tofieldia and Pleea have introrse anthers. Tf it were not for the loculicidal placentation, (s0
rare a character in Endogens,) we e might regard Scoliopus as intermediate between Melanthacew
and Trilliacez.
LILIACEX.

ERYTHRONIUM GRANDIFLORUM, Pursh, Fl. 1, p. 231; Lindl. in Bot. He. t. 1786; Kunth, —
Enum. 4, p. 218. Hills near Forest City, Califienia: May 21. All the specimens from this
locality are one-flowered. The stigma is manifestly 3- clef, with the segments recurved.

® From ¢svo\vos and zovs, in allusion to the tortuous pedicels.
12

90 (146). ae? | BOTANY.

ERYTHRONIUM GRANDIFLORUM, var, MULTIFLORUM: foliis immaculatis; floribus 1-6 racemosis ;
sepalis lanceolatis acuminatis a basi fere reflexis ; stigmate clavato-capitato. Hill-sides, Downie-
ville, California; May 21. Some of the scapes, which had apparently been stung by an insect,
were 10-15 Bowered. Sepals bright lilac, yellow at the base on the inside.

FRITILLARIA. KAMTScHATCENSIS, Fisch. in Book. Fl. Bor.—-Am, 2, p, 181, ¢. 193, A. F. biflora,
Lindl. Bot. Reg. fol. 1663; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 397. Tagone ot Santa Rosa Creek,
California ; May, fin. tralt.) The specimens are mostly single-flowered ; stem about 14 inches
high, mostly naked above. Lowest leaves verticillate in threes, the others few and scattered.
Capsule subglobose, obtusely 6-angled. A variety? from Biades. Sonoma, has the stem 2-
flowered, and the (immature) capsule acutely pane

Frimm.aria mutica, Lind. 1. c.; Hook. & Arn.1.c. San Francisco, April 30, (in flower ;)
mountains near Oakland, California, April 4, (also in flower ;) hill-sides, Martinez, April 23,
(in fruit, but immature.) The capsule of this species is strongly 6-winged, as in F. lanceolata,
Pursh, from this species is hardly distinct.

FRITILLARIA LILIAcEA, Lindl. 1. c.; Hook. & Arn. l. c. ae near Nevada; May 21,
(flower.)

F'RITILLARIA PARVIFLORA (sp. nov.) : foliis anguste janceolato-linearibus, infimis Wee ciintic,
superioribus sparsis; floribus sparsis longe racemosis nutantibus ; beasiae pedicellos recurvos
multo longioribus ; perianthio basi subangusto; stylo usque ad medium fere trifido ; capsula
hexaptera. Hill-sides near Murphy’ 8, Seiieinis - May 16, (in flower.) This species is near

. F. lanceolata, but it has more numerous (5-20) and much piatiey flowers, (scarcely three-fourths

of aninch long.) Sepals with an obscure nectariferous groove, greenish-purple, with darker

striz, but not spotted.
CycLoBoTHRA ALBA, Benth. in Hort. Trans. (n. ser.) 1, p, 413, t. 14, 7. 3; Lindl. in Bot. Reg.
t. 1661; Hook, & pan Bot. Beech. p. 399. Grass Valley, May 19, (in fl. & fr.;) hill-sides and
parines, Sonoma; May.
CYCLOBOTHRA PULCHELLA, Benth. 1. ¢. t. 14, f. 1; Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1662; Hook. & Arn. 1. CG
Hill-sides, Napa Valley ; April 27.
CLOBOTHRA ELEGANS, Lindl. 1. c.; Kunth, Enum. 4, p. 229. -Calochortus elegans, Pursh, Fl.
1, p. 240; Dougl. in Hort. Trans. 1, Dp. 278, t.9 ote Vas Hills near | Punta de los Reys; ‘April

‘17. The Calochortus Tolmexi, Hook. & Arn. 1. c. (ina note) is perhaps not distinct from this

species. The inflorescence appears racemose from the unequal forking of the stems, each divi-
sion bearing from two to four flowers. It seems to be the plant described by Pursh, who remarks
that the petals are ‘‘ covered with long down.’’ There are other forms of this species in Dr,
Bigelow’s collection: one from the mountains of Oakland, (April 4,) in which the petals are
sparsely bearded not half way from the base; and another (a dwarf state) from the Sierra
Nevada (May 11) with the petals glabrous except an adnate fanged scale at the base. -
CaLocHORTUS VENUSTUS, Benth, l. ce. t. 15, f. 3; Hook. & Arn. 1. c.; Lindl, in Bot. Reg. t. 1669.

Hill-sides, Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus River, California ; May 7, (fl

_ Caxocnortus LuTeus, Dougl. Mss.; Lindl. in Bot, Reg. t 1567? In the same place as the pre-

ceding. This seems to be intermediate between C. luteus and C. uniflorus, With the former it

agrees in its usually 3-flowered stem, and with the latter in its petals. It may perhaps bea
variety of C. elegans.

Catocnortus nitipus, Dougl. in Hort. Trans. 7, p. 277, t. 9, f. 4.2 Cyclobothra nitida, Kunth,
Enum. 4, p. 230. Grass Valley, May 19; and hill-sides, Sonora, California, May 9. Auavart
plant, scarcely a span high. Stem 2-4- Secoeenhs Pod deooning:, ovate, not winged. Petals
orange-yellow, copiously bearded.

Litrom Canapense, Linn., var. PUBERULUM: caule pedunculisque minute pabesoontibas foliis

lato-lanceolatis margine nervieque puberulis ; floribus paucis (2-7) longe pedunculatis; sepalis a

medio valde nlite intus purpureo-maculatis. Grows in all the region between Grass Valley and

ey

; ‘yg % - -
3 BOTANY. aa | [147] 91

Downieville, California Colonel hseitont found it on Antelope Creek, one of the tributaries of
the Upper Satan: and it is No. 2004 of Hartweg’s California collection. If the character
given above prove Sonistahe this fine lily must be cdnsidered a distinct species from L. Canadense.

JCCA ALOIFOLIA, Linn, Hoon p. 457; Kunth, Enum, 4, p. 270? Near a mountain arroyo,
Williams’ River. ‘‘ Plant 15 feet high.” The specimens are with leaves only. Also found at
Cajon Pass, Sierra Nevada, i in March, with ripe capsules of the preceding season. f The same
plant, or one very much resembling it, was found by Mr. Wright in New Mexico, ly is his
No. 1909. The flowers are very large and white.

Yoooa Draconis, Linn. 1. ¢.; Kunth, l.c. Var.“arporescens: foliis Hadid lancootgtie rigidis,
margine serrulato-scabris. Sandy Fi gravelly plains west of the Colorado, California. Dr.
Bigelow states that this species attains the height of 30 feet, with a diameter of 18 or 24 inches,
He found ‘‘ whole forests’’ of this tree on the Mohave creek. The leaves are flat, about 3h
inches long, and from } to 4 an inch wide, thick, convex below, flat or concave above, pointed
with a strong spike, the broad flat base about half as long as the upper rigid and narrower
portion. For want of more complete specimens we cannot be certain of the species.

Yucca aneustiroua, Pursh, Fl. 1, p. 227; Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 218. Plains of Northern Rew
Mexico. Leaves okly: these: are 12- 15 ints long, and artes more than one-fourth of an
inch wide, tapering upward, and ending in a strong sharp spine, thick and rigid, filamentous
on the margin, along which is a narrow white line.

Dr. Bigelow collected in New Mexico (near Hurrah creek) specimens of a Yucca which seems
to be undescribed. The leaves are a foot or more in length, and nearly an inch wide, very
thick, entire, abruptly pointed with a short blunt spine, dad Wished on the margin ecpouthlly
towards the base and summit) with coarse tortuous fibres, tapering a little towards the base,
and then dilated into a short sheathing base, which is of a brownish-red color. Flowers not
seen. Fruit racemose, drooping, oval, as large as a hen’s egg, pointed with the thick per-
sistent style. It is of a soft fleshy consistence, and has a sweet taste. Endocarp thin and __
almost membranaceous, 3-celled, each cell partially divided into two others, Seeds piled hori-
zontally in the cells, somewhat semi-circular, with thick edges, flat, black, wrinkled. Embryo
straight, cylindrical, nearly the length of the seed; the albumen fleshy and somewhat indurated,
a transverse section (parallel with the flat surfaces) appearing ruminated. The fleshy fruit, on
account of the large quantity of grape sugar it contains, can be dried without decomposition, so
as to have about the same consistence as a dry fig.

Still another species was found in rocky plabes near Pecan creek, a tributary of the Cana-
dian. The leaves are a foot long, and three-fourths of an inch wide, flat and rather thin; the
margin thin, sparingly furnished with very fine threads. No flowers were obtained. ° The fruit
is in an elongated raceme. The pods are about two inches long, and more than an inch in
diameter, erect and pedicellate; the mesocarp thin and somewhat fleshy, when dry a little
papillose ; cells divided by an accessory septum into 2 locelli. Seeds flat, smooth, and thin,
black ; the embryo two-thirds the length of the albumen. We need more complete specimens
in order to determine whether the species is described,

CaMASSIA ESOULENTA, Lindl. Bot. Mag. t. 1486; Kunth, Enum, 4, p. 347. Phalangium Qua-
mash, Pursh, F ay - 226. Marshes, Punta da los eves: Gahiornis : April 17. The Scilla
esculenta, Gawl. in Bot. Mag. t. 1574, (Phalangium esculentum, Nutt.) is certainly a congener
of this plant, and not a Scilla. In our specimens of the C. esculenta, Lindl., we do not find
the five upper sepals ascending, and the lowest one deflexed ; but it is difficult to decide on such
characters in dried specimens. In other respects the Notthwest Coast species is so near 1
eastern one that they can be distinguished only by the considerably larger flowers, usually
broader leaves, and more numerous ovules of the former. We find from 16-to 18 ovules in each
cell of the ovary of C. esculenta, while in the other, which may be called C. Fraseri, the cells —
are only 8-ovuled. The genus Scilla has the sepals one-nerved, somewhat campanulate-con-

ae a
a. oe

92 [148] BOTANY.

nivent or urceolate, and the filaments a little adnate to the base of the sepals. In Camassia the
sepals are 3—5-nerved, and the filaments are free to the very base of the sepals.

Scilla (Camassia) angusta, Engelm. & Gray in Bot. Journ, Nat. Hist. 5, p. 29, is “only a
slender form of C. Fraseri.

CHLOROGALUM POMERIDIANUM, Kunth, Enum, 4, p. 682. C. divaricatum, Kunth, l. c.? An-
thericum pomeridianum, Gawl. Bot. Reg. t. 561. Phalangium pomeridianum, D. Don. in
Sweet's Flow. Gard. (ser. 2,) t. 381. Hill-sides, Stanislaus River, California; May 8. This is
the celebrated Amole or Soap Plant of California. It has an extensive range from north to
south in that country, being found from the valley of the Upper Sacramento to Monterey. The
bulb is ovate-conical, and varies from less than an inch to4 inches in diameter. It is (especially
when old) clothed with the black fibrous vestiges of the outer scales. The inner scales are
mucilaginous when bruised, and are used by the Mexicans as a substitute for soap. There is
but one Californian species of this genus that has come uuder our observation. The native
country of the original species, which has long been cultivated in Europe, is not recorded in
the books, but the plant is generally supposed to have been brought from Mexico. It is very
doubtful whether C. divaricatum be a distinct species, The characters of the two as given by
Gawler and Lindley seem blended in our plant. We suspect that Don was mistaken in de-
scribing the cells of the ovary as several-ovuled. In our specimens they have but two ovules,
as described by Kunth.

ALLium cernuuM, Roth; Bot. Mag. t. 1324; Kunth, Enum. 4, p. 435. Mountains and rocky
places, near Lagusa Blanca, New Mexico; September.

Attrum acuminatum Hook. Fl. Bor.—Am. 2, p. 185, t. 196; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 349.
Hill-sides, Sonora, and near Marysville, California; May 3-25. A showy species, with deep
rose-colored flowers,

ALiium FalcrFrouium, Hook. & Arn. l.c. -Benicia, and on the Yuba River, California; April—
May. About aspan high. Also a much larger form, with the bracts as long as the flowers.
Tamal Pass, April.

ALLIUM TRIBRACTEATUM (sp. nov.): humilis; foliis radicalibus plerumque 2 angusto-linearibus
scapum 2—4-pollicarem multo superantibus; umbella multiflora; spatha e bracteis 3 ovatis ;
perianthio basi acuto, sepalis lanceolatis acutis ; filamentis subuiabis basi parum dilatatis sepala
subequantibus ; capsula late obovato-trigastrica, lobis rotundatis, loculis dispermis. Hill-sides,
Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada, May 10. Bulb ovate, three-fourths of an inch long. Leaves
mostly 2, about ieee lines wide, recurved. Scape 3-4 inches long. Umbell 15-20 flowered.
Spathe of 3 ovate bracts. Pedicels scarcely longer than the flower. Sepals pale rose-color,
with a purple midrib, about 4 lines long, not acuminate. Filaments inserted near the base of
the sepals. Style filiform ; stigma minute, obscurely 3-lobed. Capsule narrow at the base, but
not stipitate ; the cells rarely perfecting more than one seed. We cannot refer this Allium to
any described species. It is remarkable for its dwarf habit, 3-leaved spatha, and the sepals
marked with a strong purple central nerve.

ALLIUM AMPLECTENs (sp. nov.): scapo flexuoso spithamaeo superne bifoliato; foliis filiformibus ;
umbella pauci-(3—6-) flora; spatha e bracteis 2 orbiculatis concavis subacuminatis flores amplec_
tentibus; sepalis oblongis obtusiusculis; filamentis e basi lata submonadelpha subulatis; capsula
trigastrica apice depressa, loculis dispermis. MHill-sides, Sonoma, California; May 3. Bulb
large for the size of the plant. Scape 6 inches high, more or less flexous. Leaves scarcely a
line wide, overtopping the scape. Easily distinguished by the small few-flowered umbel, which
is almost enclosed in the concave purple bracts.

HEsPEROSCORDIUM? MARITIMUM (sp. nov.): sepalis a basi fere distinctis; filamentis e basi vix
dilatata subulatis. Sea shore, Punta de los Reyes, California; April 17. Bulb the size of a
small pea. Leaves all radical, narrowly linear. Scape 3-6 pecan long, shorter than the
leaves. Umbel 10-12-flowered ; the lower pedicels an inch in length, the others much shorter.

BOTANY. [149] 93

Bracteal leaves 4-6, subulate-linear, connate at the base. Flowers apparently white. Sepals
oblong, rather acute, and minutely sacculate at the lip, slightly united at the base, membranaceous
on the margin, the midis broad and thick. Stamens 6, equal ; filaments inserted a little above
the base of the sepals, not connected ; anthers oblong, 2-celled, inserted near the middle of the
back. Ovary ovate, obtuse, 3-celled, with 10 anatropous orice in each cell, in a double series.
Style filiform, erect, slightly clavate upward ; stigma minutely 3-cleft. This little plant seems
to have been hitherto overlooked. It differs from Hesperoscordium in the sepals being distinct
nearly to the base, and in the slender filaments,

DIcHELOSTEMMA CoNGESTA, Kunth, Enum. 4, p. 470. Brodiwa congesta, Smith, in Linn. Trans.
10, p. 3,¢.1; Hook, Fl. Bor.—Amer. 2, p. 186. Cocomungo, March 8, and hill-sides, Mar-
tinez, California; April 20, (in fruit.) Our numerous specimens of this plant collected in
various parts of California have the flowers all hexandrous, (as, indeed, they are shown in the
early figure of Salisbury) ; nor do we find any hypogynous scales, except a slight callosity at
the base of each aduate filament.

Bropr#A GRANDIFLORA, Smith, 1. c.; Kunth, Enum. 4, p. 471. Var.? pracnyropa: umbella
multiflora, pedicellis floribus multo brevioribus ; staminibus sterilibus lato-lanceolatis integris,
Plains of the Sacramento, May 26, (in flower and fruit.) The same plant was collected also by
Colonel Frémont on Utah Lake, and by Dr. Stillman on the Sacramento,

Var. Macropopa: scapo foliis multo breviore; umbella pauci-(3-6-) flora, pedicellis flores
multoties excedentibus ; staminibus sterilibus fato-linearibas emarginatis. Swamps, Santa
Rosa creek, and Lactons California; May 1. Tuber the size of a marble. Scape only 2-3
inches high, The longer pedicels 34 inches in length. Flowers bright paps about three-
fourths of an inch long.

STROPHOLIRION,* Nov. Gen.

Perianthium corollaceum campanulato-infundibuliforme, 6-fidum ; tubo subventricoso 6-sac-
culato ; segmentis equalibus ovatis obtusis uninerviis suberectis. Stainina fertilia 3, segmentis
interioribus perianthii opposita ; filamenta tubo adnata, summo apice appendicibus 2 linearibus
emarginatis, antheram linearem bilocularem utrinque fissam, adequantibus, aucta: sterilia
linearia, uninervia, emarginata, glanduloso-ciliata fertilibus equilonga. Ovarium oblongum,
basi attenuatum (haud stipitatum), triloculare: ovula in loculis 4, biseriata anatropa, adscen-
dentia: stylus ovario longior, triangularis, superne subGistolesus’ stigma 3-lobum, lobis
brevibus obtusis fimbriato-papillosis. Capsula ovata, sessilis, trilocularis, loculicida ; Ipsulis
seepius abortu monospermis. Semina ovata, nigra, longitudinaliter striata. (Embryo igno-
tus.) Herba Californica, glabra, foliis lato-linearibus breviusculis et scapo gracili nudo 2—4-
pedali volubuli e cormo globoso exortis; umbella terminali multiflora densa, bracteis concavis
spathaceis coloratis involucrata ; pedis cum flore articulatis ; floribus saturate roseis.

SrropHoumrion Caiirornicum. (Tab. XXIIL.) In rocky places, Knight’s Ferry, Stanislaus
River, May, (in flower and fruit) ; also at Sonora, Mokelumne Hill; Valley of the Sacramento,
Colonel Frémont, Mr. Rich, and Dr. Stillman. It is No. 1992 of Hartweg’ 8 Californian collec-
tion. A remarkable plant, of which we have had specimens for many years. It seems to be
common in the Valley of the Sacramento. The tall stem, which is not larger than a crow-quill,
and often more than 4 feet (Dr. Kellogg, of San Francisco, found it even 12 feet) in length,
twines around other plants. In Dr. Bigelow’s specimens they were on Calliprora. Not un-
frequently several stalks are twined together. The umbel is about 20-flowered, and much
resembles that of some species of Allium, so that at first we took the plant for liell that genus.
It most resembles Dichelostemma, but differs in having only three perfect stamens, and these’
furnished with appendages, while the abortive stamens are simple or undivided. ee are
also other characters, besides the habit, in which it differs from that genus.

* From erpepz, to turn or twist, (in allusion to the twining stalk,) and Acpoy, lily.

94 [150] BOTANY.

SEUBERTIA LAXA, Kunth, Enum. 4, p. 475. Triteleia laxa, Benth. in Hort. Trans. (n. ser.) 1,
p. 413, t. 15, f. 2; Hook. & Arn. in Bot. Beech. p. 401. Plains of Benicia, California, April
14—23. It is No. 1998 of Hartweg’s Californian collection. A showy plant, resembling
Brodiza grandiflora, but with larger hexandrous flowers, and the ovary elevated on a very long
stipe. .

bhatt LUTEA, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1590; Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 3588; Kunth, Enum.
4,p. 476. Hills, near Sonora, and Grass Valley, California ; May 19, (in flower and fruit.)

ODONTOSTOMUM,* Nov. Gen.

Perianthium hypocraterimorphum, marcescens ; segmentis 6 squalibus patentissimis, 3 ex-
terioribus 5-nerviis, interioribus 7-nerviis; tubo cylindrico segmentis equilongo, ima basi
ovario accreto, demum paullo supra basim transversim rupto deciduo. Stamina fertilia 6, con-
formia: filamenta lato-subulata, plana, discreta, fauci calycis inserta, cum appendicibus seu
filamentis sterilibus totidem alternantibus: antherze subrotunde, biloculares, fissuris 2 trans-
versis apice dehiscentes. Ovarium globosum, 3-loculare, loculis biovulatis: stylus gracilis,
filiformis: stigma minutum. Ovula collateralia, e basi loculi adscendentia, anatropa. Capsula
globoso-triloba, trilocularis loculicida ; loculis dispermis. Herba Californica, bulbifera? caules-
cens, glabra; caule e basi parce dichotomo ; foliis radicalibus lato-linearibus, caulinis angus-
tioribus, summis in bracteas transeuntibus ; floribus albidis racemosis vel paniculatis ; pedicellis
solitariis 1-2-bracteolatis haud articulatis.

Opoytostomum Hartweem. Wet places, Ione Valley, California; May 18. Valley of the
Sacramento, Dr. Stillman. It is No. 2008 of Hartweg’s Californian collection. Plant about
two feet high. Radical leaves 3-6 lines wide, flat. Bracts lanceolate-subulate, about as long
as the filiform pedicels, which are furnished with a subulate bracteole a little below the flower.
Raceme 3-8 inches long. Flowers half an inch in diameter ; the segments elliptical-oblong,
rather obtuse, as long as the tube, at length reflexed. Seeds all empty shells in our specimens.
This genus is allied to Pasithea and Zephyra; but these differ in the want of sterile filaments ;
the more numerous ovules; in the dehiscence of the anthers, and in several other characters.
We received it several years ago from our friend Dr. Stillman, of New York, but it seems to
have been first collected by Mr. Hartweg. .

CuInToNIA ANDREWSIANA (n. sp.): umbellis 2-4 in parte superiori scapi subremotis, terminali
multiflora, ceteris paucifloris; floribus erectiusculis; perianthiis subcampanulatis; ovarii loculis
8-10-ovulatis. Hill-sides, Tamul Pass ; also along the Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) ravines
of Costa County; east of Pablo Bay, California. The only specimens of this interesting plant
found by Dr. Bigelow have the flowers scarcely expanded ; but we fortunately, while this report
was in press, received it in a more advanced state from Dr. Andrews, lately of California, and
to this gentleman, who has assiduously examined the botany of that State, we dedicate the
species. No ticket accompanied his specimens, but they were probably collected not far from
San Francisco. The root consists of numerous thick descending fibres, which proceed from a
small fleshy tuber. The leaves grow from the summit of a slender, erect, or curved caudex,
which is 5 or 6 inches long, and clothed below with sheathing scaies. They are from 7 to 11
inches long, and 3-4 inches broad, narrowed and sheathing at the base, with a short abrupt
acumination, glabrous and green on both sides, but the margin sparingly ciliate with slender
deciduous hairs. The nerves are very numerous, and run from the base to the apex. The
scape is about twice as long as the leaves, terete, and naked, except a lanceolate or linear
foliaceous bract at the base of the lower umbel, or at some distance below it. Terminal
umbel 10—20-flowered ; the lateral ones 2—4-flowered and sessile. Pedicels about the length
of the flower, somewhat elongated in fruit. Sepals 6, about 8 lines long, 5-7-nerved,
oblong, obtuse, apparently greenish-yellow. Stamens 6; filaments subulate, flat; anthers

© From ’oéovs, tooth, and cropa, mouth; in allusion to the tooth-like sterile filaments at the orifice of the flower.

BOTANY, [151] 95

oblong-linear somewhat versatile, the cells opening inward near the margin, the membranous
“connective produced externally nearly to the base of the cells. Ovary oblong-fusiform, tapering
into a cylindrical thickish tubular style; stigma truncate, slightly 2-lipped, and perforate at the
extremity. Ovules 8-10 in each cell, in a double series, obliquely ascending. Fruit (immature)
subglobose, about one third of an inch in diameter. Seeds 6-8 in each cell, oblong.

This species is remarkable for bearing one or more few-flowered umbels besides the primary
or terminal one; otherwise it has a general resemblance to C. umbellata. As in that species,
the flowers are erect and numerous, but they are considerably larger and subcampanulate. It
differs, too, in the numerous ovules. ;

SMILACINA RACEMOSA, Desf. in Ann, du Mus. Paris, 9, p.51; Torr. Fl. N. York 2, p. 298, #.
130. Near Bolinas Bay; April 19; and mountains near Oakland, California; April 4. It
seems to differ in no essential character from the eastern plant.

SMILACINA sTELLATA, Desf. 1.c.; Torr.l.c. Asteranthemum vulgare, Kunth, Enum. 5, p. 152.
Mountains near Oakland, California; April 4.

Sminactva Brrowta, Desf. l. c.; Torr. 1.c. Maianthemum bifolium, DC. in Redouté, Lil, 4, t.
216, 7. 2; Kunth, Enum. 5, p. 147. Marshes, Punta de los Reys, California ; April 17. The
plant of Oregon and California differs from the S. bifolia of the Atlantic States in the leaves
being more deeply cordate, or almost auriculate, and in the longer petioles. It is much more
like the European plant. The leaves are more commonly three than two.

A

Dasyiirton BieeLovu (sp. nov.): foliis longissimis (3—4-ped.) lineari-ensiformibus in apicem

acutissimum sensim attenuatis integerrimis, margine levibus ; panicula ampla densa ; fructibus
ato-trialatis trilocularil pissi I is, loculis 2inanibus. Mountain sides, Williams’
River. In fruit, February 10, (doubtless from the flowers of the preceding season.) ‘Scape _
about 3 feet high.’’ We have not been furnished with Dr. Bigelow’s notes on this plant, but
it is evidently an undescribed species, of which flowering specimens are desirable. Kunth
described the genus as having a one-celled ovary, while in three of his six species it is said to
be three-celled ! :

At Plaza Larga, in Eastern New Mexico, Dr. Bigelow found another Dasylirion, of which
the leaves only are in the collection. These are nearly a yard long, and 3—4 lines wide at the
base, gradually tapering upward, entire and nearly smooth on the margin, convex on the lower
surface and concave above, except towards the apex, where they are somewhat triangular. It is
allied to D. Texanum, but seems to be an undescribed species.

SMILACE,

TRILLIUM sESsILE, Linn. Spec. p. 484; Kunth, Enum. 5, p. 123. 2. ataanteum, Hook. & Arn.
Bot. Beech. p. 402. Mountains near Oakland; April 4. The petals are more than three
inches long, and of a dark purple color.

y. ANGUSTIPETALUM, Torr. in Emory’s Rep. Mex. Bound. Comm. (ined.): foliis basi subito con-
tractgs ; petalis lanceolato-linearibus acutis, sepala purpurea fere duplo superantibus. Wet
ravines, Washington Mammoth Grove; May 15.

0. CHLOROPETALUM : petalis viridulis obovato ellipticis, obtusiusculis, sepala duplo superantibus,
Redwoods ; April 12.

Tritium ovatuM, Pursh, Fl. 1, p. 249; Hook. Fl. Bor.—Am. 2, p. 180; Kunth, I. c. Red-
woods; April 12.

Smmax Psevpo-Curna, Jinn.? Banks of rivulets, Shawnee Villages, near the Canadian
River ; August, in fruit. Leaves orbicular-ovate, with a short abrupt acumination, often
somewhat cordate, glabrous on both sides, paler underneath. Peduncles usually twice the
length of the petioles. Berries black, mostly one-seeded.

hae
Pe ae
as

96 [152] BOTANY.

ORCHIDACEA.

SprRANTHES DECIPIENS, Hook. Fl. Bor.—Am. 2, p. 203, ¢. 204. Low places, Mammoth Grove,
Calaveras County ; May, (in fruit of the preceding season.)

Sprrantues cernva, Rich.; Torr. Fl. N. York, 2, p. 283, ¢. 129. Prairies on the Canadian
River, and valley of the Upper Rio Grande; September, October.

CoraLLorniza striata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. p. 534. Corte Madera, California ; April.
Scape 12-15 inches high, 20-30-flowered. Flowers larger than in any other North American
species. Lip not spotted. OC. Macrei, Gray, is a nearly allied species. (Tab. XXV.)

ApLECTRUM HYEMALE, Nutt. Gen. 2, p. 197; Torr. 1. c. p. 270, t. 127. Shawnee Villages, on
the Canadian ; August.

CYPERACEX.

_ Cyperus rnFiexus, Muhl.; Torr. Oyp. p. 273. Low places near Albuquerque, and on the

pper Canadian River. Bentham (Plant. Hartw.) refers this plant to C. aristatus of Rottboel,
which, indeed, it much resembles, as was remarked long ago in the work just quoted ; but we
are not yet satisfied that the two species should be united.

Cyperus Micnauxranus, Schultes; Torr. 1. c. p. 259. Wet sandy places, headwaters of the
Canadian River. This species is found as far west as the Great Colorado.

Cyperus pranprus, Torr. Cyp. p. 264. Wet sandy places near Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Cyperus repens, Ell. Sk. 1, p. 69; Torr.l.c. C. phymatodes, Muhl. Grows with the last.

Cyperus Lutescens, Torr. & Hook. in Torr. Cyp. p. 433. Alluvions of Pecan Creek; August;
and prairies near the Upper Canadian. The heads are inclined to be compound, and contain
more numerous spikelets than Drummond’s specimens, from which the original description of

‘this species was taken. The spikelets, too, become brownish when old, so that the name is not
wholly appropriate.

‘UIRENA SQUARROSA, Var. ARISTULATA, Torr. Cyp. p. 291. Borders of running water, Upper
Cross Timbers of the Canadian River. Our specimens agree exactly with those collected by
Dr. James in Long’s Expedition.

Hemicarpna sussquarrosa, Nees. Cyp. in Endl. & Mart. Fl. Bras. p. 61,t. 4,f.1; Torr Fl.
N. York, 2, p. 362. Isolepis subsquarrosa, Torr. Cyp. p. 348. Scirpus subsquarrosus, Muhl.
Wet sandy places near Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Exeocnaris acicuLaris, R. Brown; Torr. Cyp. in Ann. Lyc. New York, 3, p.308. Var.? culmo
crasso brevi, spica ovato-lanceolata valde compressa acuta 6—7-flora. Wet places near San
Francisco; April 8; not mature. Differs from the ordinary form of the plant in its stout culm,
(which is 2-3 inches high,) and much compressed dark chestnut-colored scales. There are 3
stamens and a 3-cleft style, which has a distinct tubercle at its base ; but no bristles were found,

Exrocnanis pyemma, Zorr. l. c. (excl. syn. Vahl.) Cocomungo, California; April 18. Al-
though the specimens are rather too young for certain determination, they agree very well with
the plant of the Eastern States. Kunth (Hnum. 2, p. 158) retains Scirpus pusillus of Vahl in
the genus Scirpus, although he seems to have examined the original specimens of that plant.
He also refers to it the S. pusillus of Willdenow’s herbarium ; but quotes it again under his
own Eleocharis reclinata! ‘Vahl’s plant was from New England, and seems to be only one of
the forms of E. acicularis. Willdenow’s is probably not different, as he received most of his
North American plants from Muhlenberg, who refers 8. pusillus, Vahl, to 8. trichodes, which is
undoubtedly Eleocharis acicularis.

ELEocHARIS PYGMMA, Var. ANACH#TA. Moist places near Albuquerque, New Mexico. This
variety was noticed in the botany of Nicollet’s Report, p. 168. We have it also from the Red
River, Louisiana, where it was collected by Dr. Hale.

BOTANY. [153] 97

Exgocnarts capirata, #. Br.; Torr. Cyp. p. 305. With the last. We have this species from
Texas, collected by Drummond, and also by Dr. Leavenworth.

IsoLepis CARINATA, Hook. & Arn. in Torr. Cyp.l. c. p. 349. Wet places, Laguna of Santa
Rosa Creek, California; May 1. This agrees well with the eastern plant, except that the
achenium is more minutely roughened, and the spikes are sometimes in pairs.

IsOLEPIS LEPTOCAULIS (sp. nov.): culmo sulcato angulato setaceo elongato basi 1-3-phyllo;
spica ovata 10-12-flora ; involucro monophyllo spicam superante ; squamis ovatis obtusis, infimo
bracteiformi acuminato ; stylo trifido. Cocomungo, California; March 18. The spike is appa-
rently lateral, and indeed the one-leaved involucre (which is 5-6 times as long as the spike)
may be regarded as a continuation of the culm. The species resembles I. carinata, but differs
in being much more slender and taller, with smaller heads, and the scales are not acuminate.
There were no mature achenia on the specimens.

Scrrpus TRIQUETER, Linn.? Near San Francisco? The specimens are too young for satisfac-
tory pal apersitt

LACUSTRIS, pe Torr. Cyp. p. 321. Overflowed places, Comanche Plains, and near
San Danthaps, New Mexies:

ScrRPUS MARITIMUS, var. MACRosTAcHYOS, Michw.; Torr. 1. c. p. 323. Sandy alluvions of the
Upper Canadian River ; probably in saline soils.

Scirpus syivaticus, Linn.; Dorr. l. c. p. 323. Wet ravines, Upper Cross Timbers of the
Canadian River.

ErtopHoruM Gracie, Koch; Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 2, p. 232; Gray, Bot. U. States, p. 529.
EK. angustifolium, Zorr. Cyp. p. 339, not of Roth. Swamps near Sonoma, California; May 3,
(with mature achenia.) The peduncles are mostly erect, and much shorter than the spikes.

Fiveristyuis spapicea, Vahl; Torr. Cyp. p. 346. Borders of streams, Upper Cross Timbers of
the Canadian River.

Carex* Srronensis, Prescott, in Hook, Fl. Bor.—Am. 2, p. 220, ¢. 221. Marshes at the head
of Tomales Bay, and near San Francisco, California; April.

Carex DEcIDUA, Boott, in Linn. Trans. 20, p. 119. Mountains near Oakland, Los Angeles,
Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada, and other parts of California; April, May.

Carex LAcINIATA, Boott, in Benth. Plant. Hartweg ined. Swamps on Mark West’s Creek,
Bolinas Bay, etc., California; April. This is the same as Hartweg’s No. 2022, and Coulter’s
806. It is likewise (in part) 1241 Herb. U. S. Expl. Exped. from the Sacramento. It is very
near C. Jamesii, Torr., que foliis glaucis, auriculis pallidis discretis elongatis, perigyniis ner-
vosis glabris bracteis brevioribus, squamis non ciliatis differt.

Carex XALApPensis, Kunth, Enum. 2, p. 380. Low swampy places, Mark West’s Creek, and
Napa, California; April 25-30.

CAREX Dinwavana, Schwein.; Torr. & Schwein. Mon. Car. in Ann. Lyc. N. York, 1, p. 316.
Shady hill-sides, Napa Valley, California; May 5. The Oregon specimens and these have 6-8
approximate spicule.

Carex Festiva, Dew. in Sill. Jour. 29, p. 351. Spica oblonga; in uno specimine spicula
infima subremota. Punta de los Reyes, California; April 18.

Carex Gerert, Boott, in Linn. Trans. 20, p. 118. Flosculis foeminiis 2-3, squamis inferioribuS
foliaceis. Hill-sides, Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada, California; May 10-12. This is like Dr.
Parry’s specimens collected in California. Kunze’s figure, t. 47, has a solitary female flower.

Carex Hoop, Boott, in Hook. Fl. Bor—Am. 2, p. 211, ¢. 211. Mark West’s Creek, Cali-
fornia; May 1.

Carex LAGoPoprIorpEs, Schk. Car. t. Yyy. f. 117; Torr. & Schw. 1. c. p. 313. Mark " West's
Creek, California ; May 1.

® The Carices of this collection were determined by our valued friend Dr, Boott, whose names and remarks are given as
pees aaa m him.

13

98 [154] BOTANY.

Carex vestcaRiA, Linn.; Schk. Car. t. Ss. f. 106. With the last; April 30. One of the
specimens is var. major, Boott, l. c.

Carex siccaTa, Dewey, in Sill. Journ. 10, p. 278, t. F. f. 18; and 14, p. 353. C. pallida,
Meyer. With the last species ; ; April 30.

CAREX STELLULATA, Good. in Linn. Trans. 2, p. 144; Schk. Car. t. 3, f. 14. Swamps, Santa
Rosa, California ; May 3.

CAREX PROPINQUA, Nees, et Mey. in Kunth, Enum. 2, p. 396. Swamps, Mark West’s Creek,
California; April 30. No. 1622 of Coulter’s Caticrats collection.

CAREX Crtnoxeenins, Schw.; Torr. & Schw. Car. in Ann. Lyc. N. York, 1, p. 369, #. 25, f. 1.
Swamps, Santa Rosa Creek, California; May 1. We can find no character that will distinguish
this from the eastern plant. The Srectinbiie are young. The ovate abbreviate spikes and short
bracts give it a peculiar aspect. It might be considered a var. minor. C. Cherokeensis, like all
its allies, is very variable ; from solitary to geminate and ternate spikes, (my C. Christiana, in
Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist.) Bigelow’s specimens, if mature, would closely resemble the original
figure of C. Cherokeensis, Torr. & Schwein. Monogr. of N. Amer. Car. in Ann. Lyc. N. York,
Byte et 2,

GRAMINEZ.

ALOPECURUS GENICULATUS, Linn. Spec. p. 89; Kunth, Enum. 1, p. 24. Low places, Napa
Valley, California; April 26. A. borealis, Trin. , seems to be only a form of this variable
species.

PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA, Linn. Spec. p. 80; Torr. Fl. N. York, 2, p. 418. P. Californica,
Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 161. Bolinas Bay, April 19, and Napa Valley, California ; April
26.

HrerocHioa BOREALIS, Rem. & Schult. Syst. 2, p.513; Hook. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2, p. 234.
Red-woods, California; April 12. Male flowers with a very short awn, or sometimes scarcely
mucronate.

Stipa Neestana, Trin. & Rupr. Stip. p. 27; Steud. Syn. Glum. p. 124. 8. avenacea, Hook.
& Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 403, non Linn. Hill-sides, Sonoma, May 3, and Benicia, California ;
April 23. It is No. 2028 of Hartweg’s collection. It differs from 8. avenacea of the eastern
States in its much larger flowers, the almost villous lower palea, the hairiness of the awn
below the articulation, and in the pubescent leaves.

AGROSTIS MICROPHYLLA, Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. p. 164? Mark West’s creek, California, May
1. This species was founded on a grass collected by Douglas in ‘‘ North America ;’’ doubtless
in California, though it is not taken up by Hooker and Arnott in the Botany of Beechey’s
Voyage. It is Agraulus brevifolius, Nees, Mss. Our plant differs somewhat from the grass
described by Steudel. It is rather stout than ‘‘slender,’’ and is nearly two feet high. The
leaves are flat, about two lines wide, and, as well as the sheaths, are quite rough to the feel.
Panicle about three inches long, contracted ; the branches fasciculate and somewhat conglom-
erate. The flowers are of a purplish tinge. Glumes nearly equal, lanceolate, tapering to a
long slender point, the lower one rough on the keel, otherwise glabrous ; both of them without
lateral nerves. Lower palea less than half the length of the glumes, truncate, with four short
teeth at the summit, furnished a little below the middle of the back with a nearly straight
slender awn, which is nearly twice the length of the valve. Upper palea wanting, or appearing
as a very minute rudiment. Stamens 3. Styles plumose.

CALAMAGROSTIS GIGANTEA, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. (n. ser.) 5, p. 143. Prairies and
ravines, along the Canadian River. Glumes somewhat coriaceous, one-nerved, the superior
nearly 2-3 times the length of the palezw, hairs at the base of the latter more than half the
Be 2) af the valves, Caryopsis oblong, obtuse at each end, large for the size of’ the spikelet.

SPOROBOLUS CRYPTANDRUS, Gray, Man, p. 542. Vilfa cryptandra, Torr. Fl. N. York, 2, 440.

BOTANY. [155] 99

Var.? foliis angustioribus; panicula exserta, axillis nudis ; gluma superiore obtusiuscula.
Low places, Galisteo, New Mexico; October. Utricle obovate, somewhat coriaceous, closely
investing the ripe seed, but easily separated ; loose before the seed is mature.

VILFA TRICHOLEPIS (n. sp.): culmo erecto simplici tereti, nodis distantibus, vaginis glabris,
ligula truncata ; foliis angustis (§ lin. latis) utrinque glabris, panicula oblonga, ramulis flex-
uosis ; glumis subeequalibus acutiusculis valvulas subeequales pilosas } brevioribus. Sandia
mountains, New Mexico; October. Culms a foot or 18 inches long, growing in tufts. Branches
of the panicle alternate, naked in the axils, when old somewhat open. Pedicels mostly rather
longer than the spikelets, which are about aline inlength. Glumes smooth and almost hyaline.
Palew nearly equal, very hairy on the back and margins, particularly on the nerves ; the lower
palea 3-nerved. This seems to be a genuine Vilfa.

MUHLENBERGIA GRACILLIMA (n. sp.): cespitosa, glabra; culmo simplici; foliis angustissimis
involutis brevissimis (1-14 poll.), ligula elongata fissa ; panicula diffusa capillari, ramis sub-
solitariis ; pedicellis spicula (13 lin.) subduplolongioribus; glumis muticis lanceolatis, paleis
vix duplo brevioribus, palea inferiore glabra apice minute bifido setam ipsa eequalem gerente ;
callo nudo. Llano Estacado, and near the Antelope hills of the Canadian River ; September.
Culms (including the panicle) about a foot high, densely caespitose, erect. Leaves mostly in
radical tufts, more or less tortuous. Panicle 5-6 inches long, pyramidal; the branches capillary
and widely spreading, alternate, or sometimes opposite. Spikelets lanceolate, mostly
purplish. Glumes acute. Inferior palea 3-nerved, slightly 2-toothed at the apex, with a
straight awn about the length of the valve, between the teeth of which it is inserted. Superior
palea not bicarinate, but rounded on the back. Caryopsis very slender and acute, nearly the
length of the palea.

GyYMNoPGON RAcEMosUS, Beauv. Agrost. p. 41, ¢. 9, f.5. Anthopogon lepturoides, Nutt. Gen.
1, p. 82. Prairies, on Pecan creek, Indian Territory.

Cutoris aLBA, Presl ; Kunth, Enum. 1, p. 264. Var. artstunata: aristis valvule vix dimidio
longioribus. OC. alba, Benth. Bot. Sulph. p. 56; Torr. in Emory’s Rep. p. 152. Banks of the
Upper Rio Grande; October. This is the same as No. 395 of Drummond’s 2d Texan collection.
The awns are commonly less than half the length of the valves.

Bovuretova ER1opopa, Torr. in Emory’s Rep. p. 154, (sub Chondrosium.) Pyramid mountain,
near Laguna Colorado, and in deep ravines on the Llano Estacado ; September.

Bovtetova outcostacuya, Torr. ; Gray Man. Bot. ed. 2, p. 553. Atheropogon oligostachyum,
Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 78. Prairies on the Canadian ; August.

Bovretoua uirsuta, Lagasca Elench. p.5. Chondrosium hirtum, A.B.K. ; Kunth, Enum.
1, p. 276. Atheropogon papillosus, Hngelm. High sandy prairies, Upper Cross Timbers of
the Canadian ; September.

PAPPOPHORUM BOREALE, Ledeb.; Steud. Gram. p. 200. P. phleoides. Turcz. Llano Estacado,
in deep ravines, This agrees so well with the authentic specimen of P. phleoides received from
Fischer that we can hardly regard it as even a variety. It is not uncommon in New Mexico.

Leptocutoa Mucronata, Kunth, Enum. 1, p. 270. Eleusine mucronata, Miche. FI. 1, p. 65.
Banks of Boggy creek, Indian Territory ; August.

LEPTOCHLOA FascicuLARIS, Gray, Man. ed. 2, p. 550. L.? polystachya, Kunth, Enum. 1, p.
270. Diplachne fascicularis, Torr. Fi. N. York, 2. p. 472. Festuca fasciculatea, Lam. Sandy
banks of the Canadian River; August. 3

Arra ELONGATA, Hook, Fl. Bor. Bor.Amer. 2, p. 253, ¢. 138. Plains and hill-sides, Mark
West’s creek, April 30; Napa Valley, May 5, (a small form.) This is hardly a true Aira,
The spikelets are commonly 2-flowered, with a plumose stipitate terminal rudiment. The
upper perfect flower is distant from the lower one, on a hairy rachis. Glumes equal, subulate-
pointed, obscurely 3-nerved. Palew bearded at the base ; the inferior one unequally 5-toothed
at the summit, awned below the middle ; the awn twice the length of the palea, and somewhat

100 [156| BOTANY.

geniculate ; upper palea hairy at the tip. Stamen solitary. No. 2030 of Hartweg’s Californian
collection is the same grass as this.

Avena FATUA, Linn. Spec. p. 118; Kunth, Enum. 1, p. 302. Hills and plains, Feather River ;
Benicia, &c. Apriland May. This is the common wild oat of California. It may have been
introduced by the Spaniards; but it is now spread over the whole country, many miles from the
coast.

TRICUSPIS MUTICA (n. sp.): cespitosa, glabra; culmo simplicissimo erecto ; foliis convoluto-
filiformibus ; panicula terminali longe exserta racemosa, ramis brevibus oligostachyis ; spiculis
teretiusculis 5-8 floris ; palea inferiore mutica integra vel bifida, margine dorsoque longe ciliata.
Laguna Colorado, New Mexico; September. About a foot high, growing in tufts. Root
perennial. Culm rigid terete. Leaves 3-6 inches long. Panicle about 3 inches long, the
short appressed bearing 3-5 spikelets. Glumes unequal 1-nerved, rather acute, scarcely half
the length of the spikelets. Inferior palea (after flowering) usually more or less deeply notched,
otherwise entire ; or when old slightly toothed or eroded ; the midnerve not at all produced into
a mucro, and the lateral submarginal nerves scarcely reaching to the summit; the long white
hairs confined to the lower half of the nerves. Superior palea one-third shorter than the
inferior, notched at the apex, plumose on the margin. Stamens 3; anthers oblong. Styles
short, stigmas plumose, purple. Caryopsis oblong, concave on the inner face, finely striated
longitudinally.

Tricuspis putcueLtLa. Uralepis pulchella, Kunth, Enum. p. 108, and Suppl. p. 274. Tri-
chodia pulchella H. B. K. Nov. Gen. 1, t. 47. Gravelly hills, near Albuquerque, New Mexico ;
October. A beautiful little grass with densely ceespitose culms and few-flowered panicles, which
are crowded among the fasciculate leafy branches. It occurs along the Rio Grande, and south-
ward to Mexico. ‘The root appears to be annual, but Kunth says that it is perennial.

TRIcusPIs PURPUREA, Gray, Man. Bot. ed. 2, p. 556. Uralepis purpurea and U. aristulata,
Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 62. Wet ravines, Elm creek, Indian Territory ; August.

Eracrostis Pursuit, Schrad.; Gray, Man. ed. 2, p. 564. Poa pectinacea, Pursh, Fl. 1, p.
81, non Michx. Sandy soils on the Rio Grande, near Albuquerque ; October.

Eragrostis Tenuts, Gray, l.c. Poa tenuis, Hil. Sk. 1, p. 156, Prairies, and along streams,
Upper Cross Timbers of the Canadian; August. E. Frankii, Mey., scarcely differs, except
in the smaller number of flowers in the spikelets.

Eragrostis oxyzepts, Torr. in Marcy's Rep. p. 301, t. 19, (sub Poa.) Poa interrupta, Nuté.
in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. 5, p. 146, non Roth. nec R. Br. Sandy ravines, near the
Canadian river. Spikelets larger than usual, and some of them 30-40 flowered.

Poa annua, Linn. Spec. p. 99; Kunth, Enum. 1, p. 349. San Francisco, April. A common
grass in the settled parts of California, and doubtless introduced from Europe.

Poa triviauis, Linn. Spec. l.c.; Kunth, 1. c. Mark West’s creek, California; April 30. This
also must be an introduced grass.

Fxsruca microstacuys, Nutt. Pl. Gamb. in Jour. Acad. Phil. (n. ser.) 1, p. 187. Hill-sides,
Napa Valley, April 26, (an unusully large form) ; near San Francisco, April 8, (a dwarf state.)
This is a polymorphous species. The sheaths of the leaves are often retrorsely pubescent, but
not unfrequently smooth. The panicle, in the humbler form, is strict and spikelike; but in
more luxuriant specimens several of the lower branches are somewhat elongated, and at length
spreading or diverging and secund. In a variety (as we are inclined to regard it) from Mark
West’s creek the panicle is very open, and the spikelets are all distant and diverging. The
palez in some of the specimens from Napa Valley are puncticulate-scabrous, and not hairy. No.
2030 of Hartweg’s collection is a variety of this species.

Festuca TENELLA, Willd. Sp. 1, p. 419? var. apistuLaTa. Hill-sides, Napa Valley. Very
likely this may prove to be a distinct species from F’. tenella of the Eastern States.

Festuca pratensis, Huds.; Kunth, Enum. 1, p. 404. Corte Madera and Tomales Bay, April.
Introduced ?

4

BOTANY. [157] 101

Festuca scaBrELLA, Hook, Fl. Bor.—Amer. 2, p. 252, t. 233. Hills near Tomales Bay, Cali-
fornia; April 19. A tall glaucous grass (2-3-feet high.) Spikelets 5-flowered and a rudiment.
Pale scabrous.

Brizopyrum Doverastt, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 404. Poa Douglasii, Steud. Enum. Pl.
Glum. p. 261. Sandy sea shore. Punta de los Reyes. April 17.

Meuica pomores, Nutt, Pl. Gamb. 1. c. Corte Madera, California ; April 20. Spikelets
3—4-flowered, the uppermost abortive (male or neuter.) In depauperate specimens the spikelets
are often but 2-flowered, with rudiment.

Menica imperFecta, Trin. Gram. Suppl. in Act. Petrop. p. 59, and Icon. Gram. t. 355; Hook.
& Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 403, (sphalm. M. imperforata.) M.celpodioides, Nees in Tayl. Ann.
Nat. Hist. 1 p. 282; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. p. 291. Red-woods, April 12, (spikelets with two
perfect flowers and a capitate rudiment; leaves glabrous ;) Mark West’s creek, California,
April 30, (spikelets with a single perfect flower and a capitate rudiment ; leaves pubescent.)

Untona srricta, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. N. York, 1, p. 153, & in Marcy’s Rep. p. 301 & 20. Dry
salt marshes, Indian Territory ; August.

" SESLERIA DAcTyLorpEs, Nutt. Gen. 1, p.165; Torr. in Emory’s Rep. p. 154,¢.10. Llano Esta-
cado; September. As usual, with male flowers only. We have now examined specimens of this
grass collected in very many places, and from an extensive range of country, but have not yet
found it in seed, and very rarely with even abortive pistils.

Bromus cartnatus, Hook. & Arn. Bot, Beech. p. 403. Mark West’s creek, April 30. As
Hooker & Arnott truly remark, the grass is intermediate between Bromus & Ceratochloa; but
it is nearer the former.

Bromus Kamu, Gray, Man. Bot. N. States, p.600? Var. artstunatus; glabrius culus; panicula
debile, ramulis elongatis divergentibus, spiculis 6-7-floris ; paleis minute pubescentibus, inferiore
integro, apice brevissime aristata. Mark West’s creek, California. April 30.

Bromus critatus, Linn., var. purcans, Gray, Man. ed. 2, p. 567. B. purgans, Linn. Moun-
tain ravines, on the Pecos, New Mexico ; October.

Arunpo Puraemites, Linn. Sandy alluvions of the Canadian river, near the Antelope Hills ;
September.

Exymus vittosus, Muhl. Gram. p. 175; 2. @uaBriuscuLus: radice repente; culmo foliisque
glabriusculis ; vaginis inferioribus pubescentibus; spica erecta, spiculis 2—-(raro 3;) floris-glumis |
lanceolato-subulatis scabriusculis breviaristatis ; palea superiore scabra arista ipsa 3-plo longiore.
Napa Valley, California; May 6. This grass, though apparently only a variety of E. villosus,
is also closely related to E. Europeus.

HorpEuM PRATENSE, Huds.; Kunth, Enum. 1, p. 452. H. secalinum, Schreb. H. Chilense,
Brongn. It is also No. 2025 of Hartweg, and No. 756 of Coulter. Corte Madera, California ;
April. Differs from our Swedish specimens of H. pratense in the lateral flowers being one-
valved and neuter; but in this genus the awns of the neuter flowers are variable.

Srranton etymorpes, Raf. in Jour. de Phys. 89, p. 103; Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. p. 351.
Aigilops Hystrix, Nutt. Gen. 1,p. 86. Elymus? Sitanion, Schult. Mant. 2, p. 426. Polyan-
therix Hystrix, Nees, in Ann. Nat. Hist. 1, p. 284; Hook. & Arn, Bot. Beech. p. 404. Elymus
v. nov. gen. Torr. in Nicollet’s Rep. p. 165.. River banks, Mokelumne Hill, California; May
17. We restore the name given by Rafinesque to this grass, because it is the earliest. Our
California specimens are nearly two feet high. Indeed, we have never seen the plant of so
humble a stature as that described by Mr. Nuttall. It is a widely diffused grass, being found
from northern Minnesota to Texas, and west of the Pacific. It is often mistaken for an Elymus.

Lepturus PanicuLatus, Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 81. Llano Estacado, and plains near Galisteo, New
Mexico ; September—October. This species is remarkable for its triangular branching rachis
and long very slender spikes. There is but a single one-flowered spikelet at each joint of th
rachis, without any trace of a rudimentary flower. Glumes 2, opposite, contrary to the rachis,

102 [158] BOTANY.

very unequal, lanceolate, sharply carinate, each terminating in a bristle as long as itself.
Palez somewhat coriaceous, linear-lanceolate, almost terete, long as the upper glume; the
inferior acute, rough on the keel; superior pubescent on the back, with two approximate nerves,
which are produced into teeth at the summit. Stamens 3; anthers linear. Styles long; stig-
mas plumose on the inside. Caryopsis linear-fusiform.

MONROA. Nov. Gen.

Specule 2-6-flor ; flores sessiles distichi hermaphroditi v. terminali tabescente. Glume 2,
suboppositz mitonatlS, flores multobreviores. Palesws 2 herbaece rigid, inferior apice
mucronata vel brevissime aristata, ecarinata, equilatera, lateribus in spicule superiores versus
basim baribatis, in spicula infima plerumpue glabris. Caryopsis glaberrima, palea superiori
obtecta. Gramen annuum, repens, ramosissimum, ramis fasciculatis. Spica capituleformi
seepius foliorum terminalium subspatheformibus suffulte. Spiculz 3, 2—6-flore.

Méwroa squarrosa. COrypsis squarrosa, Nutt. Gen. 1, p. 49. Hills ‘ened ravines, Anton Chico,
New Mexico; September. ‘On the arid plains of the Upper Missouri, near the Grand
Detour, it covers, almost exclusively, thousands of acres.’’—Nudt. This grass is very distinct
from Crypsis, and belongs, as we think, to the tribe Hordeacex. In the notice of Dr. James’
plants, collected in Long’s Ist expedition, (Ann. Lyc. Nat, Hist. N. York, 2, p. 254,) it was
intimated that it was probably a distinct genus. The culm is prostrate, much branched from
the base ; the branches 3-8 inches long. Leaves 1-2 inches long, flat, 1-2 lines wide, somewhat
pungent, scabrous on the margin ; those near the summit of the facciculate branches with broad
sheaths, embracing the small sessile heads, which thus appear involucrate. Spikelets
mostly 3, closely approximated, usually 3-4-flowered. Glumes sometimes almost unilateral,
linear—lanceolate, carinate. Palez 2-3 times longer than the glumes, lanceolate, acute; the
lower one often bifid or 2-toothed at the summit, with a cusp or very short rigid bristle between
the teeth, 3-nerved ; the lateral nerves nearly marginal. In the uppermost spikelet, and often
in the middle one, these nerves are bearded with long white hairs towards the base; but the
flowers of the lowest spikelet are usually quite naked. Superior palea bicarinate, pidhior obtuse.
Stamens 3; anthers linear. Styles long and slender ; stigmas plumose. Achenium compressed,
very dicino ti and even, usually covered with the sntrolexed margin of the superior palea. We
dedicate this singular ah to Major Ménro, of the East India Company’s service, who has made
the grasses an especial stud

Triticum (AGROPYRUM) bivcnl Linn. Prairies, on the Canadian River; August. An awn-
less glabrous form, with narrow and somewhat involute leaves.

Serarra @uauca, Beauv. ; Kunth, Enum, p. 149. Banks of Little River, Indian Territory ;
August.

SETARIA ViripIs, Beauv. ; Kunth, l. c. p. 151. Laguna Colorado, New Mexico; August.
Panicum Crus-Gatu, Linn. Oplismenus Crus-Galli, Kunth, l. c. 1, p. 143° With the last ;
also on the banks of the Pecos, New Mexico. All the specimens from the latter locktity

belong to the awnless variety.

Panicum vireatum, Linn.; Kunth tl. c. p.100; Torr. Fl. N. Y. 2, p. 425. With the last.

PANICUM SANGUINALE, Linn.; Torr. l. ¢. p. 493. - Alluvial banks of the Canadian, and near
Galisteo, New Mexico ; ‘Sig det CcbSbee.

PANICUM LATIFOLIUM, “Tia. Torr. l.c. p. 425. With the last.

Panicum ostusum, H. B. K. ? Torr.in Marcy’s Rep. p. 299. Plains, Laguna Colorado, New
Mexico ; September.

Cencurvs trrsuLowEs, Linn. ; Torr. Fl. New York, 2, p. 931. On the Canadian River, and
near Galisteo, New Mexico ; Octo’

‘TRIPSACUM DACTYLOIDES, Linn.; Micha. Fl. 1, p. 60. Pecan creek, Indian Territory. T.

BOTANY. [159] 103

cylindricum, Michx. 1. c., is a Rottbollia, (R. cylindrica,) and seems to be the same as R. cam-
pestris, Nutt. 1. c. p. 151.

ANDROPOGON NuTANS, Linn. A. avenaceus, Miche. Fl, 1, p. 60. Sorghum nutans, Gray,
Man. ed. 2, p.584. With the last.

ANDROPOGON scoparius, Micha. l. c. ; Torr. Fl. New York, 2, p. 478. With the preceding,
and on the Llano Estacado ; August--September.

AnpRopoGon FuRcATUs, Linn. Pecan creek and Llano Estacado ; August—September. Ped-
icels of the sterile spikelets clothed with longer and yhiter hairs than in the eastern plant.

Anpropogon Jamestt, Torr. in Marcy's Rep. p. . A. glaucus, Zorr, in Ann. Lyc. New
York, 1, p. 152. A. Torreyanus, Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. p. 392, Comanche Plains, Indian
Territory ; August,

LYCOPODIACEA.

SELAGINELLA STRUTHIOLOIDES. Lycopodium struthioloides, Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1, p. 82, (ex.
Hook. & Arn.) L. rupestre, 8. Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech., p. 267. Wet rocks, mountains of
California and New Mexico; March.

SELAGINELLA RUPESTRIS, Spring; Brackenridge, Fil. U. 8. Expl. Exped. p. 331. Mountains of
New Mexico.

EQUISETACEA.

EqQuisetum EBuRNEUM, Schreb.; Braun & Engelm. in Sill. Jour. 46, p. 84. KE. fluviatile, J. 2.
Smith, Eng. Bot. t. 2022; Hook. Fl. Bor.—Amer. 2, p. 269. E. Telmateia, Fhrh. Redwoods
and mountains near Oakland, California; April. Plant sometimes 3—4 feet high. It is very
doubtful whether this species grows on the borders of Lakes Erie and Superior. The station
given for it long ago by Dr. Beck, in his Botany of the Northern States, was on my authority,
and I was led into the error by the incorrect label attached to a specimen which I received from
a correspondent.

EquiseruMm arvense, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. 2, p. 651; Eng. Bot, t. 2020; Braun & Engelm. 1. c.
Torr. Fl. N. York, 2, p. 480. In overflowed places, Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada; May 11.

EQuiseTuM HYEMALE, Linn.; Pursh, 1. c. Eng. Bot. t. 914; Braun & Engelm, l. c.; Torr. Fl.
N. York, 1. c. Santa Rosa Creek, California; May 1. We can hardly distinguish several of
species allied to E. hyemale, described by Braun & Engelmann, 1. ¢., for they seem to pass into
each other by imperceptible gradations. .

FILICES,

Potypopium VULGARE 8. occipeNnTatL, Hook. Fl. Bor.—Am. 2, p. 258. P. vulgare, Virginianum,
Bong. Veg. Sitcha, p. 57. Redwoods, California; April 12. This is nearer P. vulgare of
Europe than is the plant of the Atlantic States, which we are now inclined to regard as a
distinct species.

Potyropium Catirornicum, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 102; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 161 & 405;
Hook, Fl. Bor.-Amer, 2, p. 258. Mountains near San Gabriel ; April 5. Differs from the
preceding in the membranaceous fronds, shorter and rather obtuse pinne. The figure in the
Icones Filicum of Hooker and Greville (t. 56, P. Scouleri of that work) represents a dwarf state
of this species.

Po.ypopium INTeRMEDIUM, Hook. & Arn. l. c. p. 405; Hook. 1. c. Rocky ravines, Cajon Pass ;
March. This plant greatly resembles P. Californicum, and is chiefly distinguished from it by
the oval sori.

ALLOSORUS ANDROMEDHZFOLIUS, Kaulf. Enum. Fil. p. 188. Pteris andromedefolia, Hook. & Arn.
Bot. Beech., p. 406. Hill-sides, Cajon Pass, California. This seems to be the plant described

104 [160] | BOTANY.

by Kaulfuss, although the next species has often been taken for it. Dr. Parry collected it near
Monterey. Our specimens more than a foot high. The pinnules vary from 3 to 5-foliolate.

ALLosorus MUcRONATUS, D, C. Eaton, in Sill. Jour. (2d ser.) 22, p. 138. Cajon Pass, Sierra
Nevada ; valley of the Sacramento, Dr. Stillman ; California, Douglas. Our specimens are much
larger than the plant described by Mr. Eaton, of which we have duplicates from that promising
young botanist. It is often more than a foot high, the pinne 10 to 20, and these pinnate, with
the pinnules trifoliolate, somewhat verticillate, and crowded. It is much more common than
the last species. _—

Aprantum Cuttense, Kau. Enum. p. 207; Hook. Fil. 2, p. 43, t. 75, B. Deep ravines near
Los Angeles ; also in Napa Valley and near the Redwoods, California ; March.

AptantuM pepatum, Linn.; Torr. Fl. N. York, 2, p. 487; Brack. 1. c. Redwoods; April.
This differs somewhat from the plant of the Atlantic States, in being more slender, with the
lobes of the frond broader at the base, and more deeply cut, but it can hardly be considered even
as a distinct variety. .

Preis LANUGINOSA, Kaulf. 1. c.; Hook. & Arn.l. ec. Rocks near San Francisco Mountain,
Western New Mexico.

Onycutum pensum, Brackenridge, Ferns of the U. S. Expl. Exped. 1, p. 120, t. 13. Wet
places, Grass Valley, California; May. This neat and rare fern has much the appearance of
Allosorus acrostichoides ; and Sir William Hooker says it must be removed to that genus or to
Pellea. It is beautifully figured in the work here quoted.

Hypoteris Catirornica, Hook. Fil. 2, p. 71, t. 88,4. Mountains near San Gabriel, also near
Marysville, California. Mr. Schott found it in Sonora.

CuemantHes Fenpiert, Hook. Fil. 2, p. 103, t. 107, B. On rocks near the mouth of White
Cliff Creek, Western New Mexico.

Cuemantues Brapsurit, Hook. 1. c. p. 97, t. 109, B. New Mexico, not rare.

CHEILANTHES vestTITA, Swartz; Hook. 1. c. p. 98, t. 108, B. On rocks in various parts of
New Mexico. Extremely woolly when young.

NoTooHLENA DEALBATA, Kunze, in Sill. Jour. (2d ser.) 6, p. 83. Cheilanthes dealbata, Pursh,
Fl. 2, p. 675. Rocky hills, San Domingo, New Mexico. A beautiful and delicate fern, remark-
able for the sharply zigzag branches of the rachis, and the white incrustation on the under
surface of the frond.

GYMNOGRAMMA TRIANGULARIS, Kaulf. Enum. p. 73; Hook. & Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 153; Hook. Fl.
Bor.—Am. 2, p. 259. Hills and rocky places, Cajon Creek, and Redwoods. Young fronds
sulphur-yellow underneath, (in dry specimens) ; the old ones brown. This species occurs also
in New Mexico.

Woopwarpra rapicans, Willd. Sp. 5, p. 418; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 162 & 405. W.
Chamissonis, Brack. l. ¢. p. 138. Cajon Pass; March; in fine fruit, probably of the preceding
season. Mr. Brackenridge considers this to be distinct from W. radicans. Like W. Virginica,
it belongs to the genus Doodia of R. Brown, which is now generally regarded as a section of
Woodwardia. »

Cysropreris Fractis, Bernh.; Hook. 1. c. p. 260. Aspidium tenue, Willd. Sp. 5, p. 280.
Hill-sides, Yuba River, Redwoods, and other parts of California. The indusium at first has a
long lacerate apex which lies over the joint, but which finally breaks off, leaving the broad
cucullate or cup-shaped base, :

Asppiuim MuNITUM, Kaulf. Enum. p. 230; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 162. Polystichum
munitum, Presl.; Brack. l. c. p. 203. Mountains near Oakland, and on hill-sides along the
Yuba, Downieville, California. This species varies greatly in size, and in the length of its
pinne. It is allied to A. acrostichoides of tne Eastern States.

(Lastraa) arcutuM, Kaulf.1.c. p. 242; Hook. & Arn.t.c. Lastrea arguta, Brack.
1. ¢. p. 196. Mountain ravines, Oakland, Cajon Pass, and near San Francisco. This species

BOTANY. [161] 105

as a general resemblance to A. rigidum, Sw. The soriare as large as in A. marginale.
When young, the stipe and rachis are thickly clothed with chaffy scales.

ASPIDIUM ACULEATUM, Swartz; Hook, Fl. Bor.—Am. 2, p. 261; Torr. Fl. N. York, 2, p. 498.
Deep ravines, Napa Valley, California. Some of our specimens agree better with A. lobatum
than with A. aculeatum; but we fully agree with Hooker, that these and A. angulare con-
stitute but one species. Kutzing thinks that a part, at least, of the North American forms of
A. aculeatum should be referred to A. (Polystichum) Braunii, Spenn. Fl. Frib.

SALVINIACEZ.

Azotta Caronintana, Willd. Sp. 5, p. 541; Torr. Fl. N. York, 2, p. 513. A. microphylla,
Kaulf.; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 162. On the surface of slow-flowing or stagnant waters,
Western New Mexico and California.

iat
Niet ee

ee
seer

ni

tet A

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

Prats I. CROSSOSOMA CALIFORNICA.—Pace 63,

A BRANCH OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

> i428 Fig. ef A branch with the Faves more fully developed, and the carpels half mature.

fe 2. Plan of the flow
“i 3. A sepal.

4. A petal

5 and 6. Front and back views of a stam

7. A flower, longitudinally divided, to ine the insertion of the stamens; all the figures moderately and equally
enlarged.

8. Transverse section of an ovary; more enlarged.

9. An ovule; considerably magnified.

Prate II, VIOLA SHELTONII.—Pace 67.
AN ENTIRE PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE,

Fig. 1. Three of the petals ; pert

6. The pistil; all the figures magnified.

Puate Ill. THAMNOSMA MONTANUM.—Pace 73.
TWO BRANCHES OF THE NATURAL SIZE--ONE IN FLOWER, THE OTHER IN FRUIT.
Fig. 1. Plan of the flower
2. A separate flower; moderately enlarged.
. The same, with the calyx and petals removed.
4. Immature fruit, showing the gynophore or it go of the glandular disk.
5. Ovary, with one of the carpels ppg vid d,
6. The same cunieialany divided ; magn
ified

9. Seed, ics aeatsy divided ; magnified.
Prate IV. HOSACKIA INCANA.—Pace 79.
A PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE.
Fig. 1. The banner, a wing, and one of the keel-petals ; considerably magnified.
2. Stamineal tube, laid open ; equally magnified.
3. The pistil, longitudinally divided ; also equally siitigntted.
4. An ovule ; highly magnified.
Prats V. SPIRAA MILLEFOLIUM.—Pace 83.
UPPER PART OF THE PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE.
: Plan of the flower.
. A petal; magnified.
: = ome _— magnified.
4, ; also equally magnified.

ot
a9

5. A separate cael

108 [164|.% ~ EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

Prate VI. HORKELIA TRIDENTATA.--Paar 84.

AN ENTIRE PLANT OF SIZE.

An expanded flower and two buds; enlarged.
The flower laid open; a little more enlarged.
A petal; magnified.

A stamen ; more magnified.

The head of pistils.

An achenium, with its persistent style.

oR Ne

Puare VII. WHIPPLEA MODESTA.— Pace 90.

AN ENTIRE PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

A searemae flower; moderately enlarged.
A sepal ;
A petal ; oth a little more enlarged.
Front view
Back view - the same; equally magnified.
Pistil, transversely a ae more magnified.
An ovule; more magni
A flower, longtaally ded: considerably magnified.
. Plan of the flower,

22...

Piate VIII. CORNUS SESSILIS.—Pace 94.

A BRANCH OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

Umbel of flowers and involucre.

The involucre ; a nates

An exterior leaf of

Interior leaf of ea same.

A separate flow

The same, with ‘es of the petals — stamens removed to show the teeth of the calyx.
The fruit.

i

Puate IX. HOFMEISTERIA PLURISETA.—Pace 96.

A PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

1. A separate flower; enlarged.

2. The corolla of the same Jaid open; more magnified.

3. A stamen ; still more magnified

4. Two pale and a hair of the oder more magnifi

5. An achenium, crowned with its pappus ; charms magnified.
6. Involucre and receptacle ; moderately ma en

Pirate X. ASTER BIGELOVI.--Pace 97.

UPPER PORTION OF THE PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

Fig. A ray flow

. A branch of: the style from the same.

A disk fi

A separa ry pene from the

. Style and its oe from a ta flower.
. An achen

7. A hair of oo pappus ; highly magnified.

a

Fig.

g.

di
2.

_
i=]

OP I me ge to

Sh eee

MS OR be

SP HrAares

Fe
>

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

Prats XI. APHANTOCHZETA EXILIS.—Pace 100.

A PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

A head of flowers, moderately enlarged.

Involucre and receptacle, from which the flowers have fallen, more enlarged.
and 4. Scales of the involucre, equally magnified.
. A pistillate flower.

A perfect flow
anid

A stamen nified,
. Summit of the style of a pistillate flower, equally magnified.
ed.

Style of a perfect flower, equally magni
ed

. An achenium, enlarg

Prats XI. EVAX CAULESCENS.—Pacex 101.

A plant of the natural s

A head of flowers ; eras section, enlarged.

Involucre and receptacle ; more enlarged.

Inside view of one of the palew from the summit of the receptacle,
A male flower.

A stamen, from the same,

One of the 209 subtending the female flowers.

A female flow

. An achenium ; ne details all magnified.

Puare XII. LINOSYRIS BIGELOVII.—Pace 98.

A BRANCH OF THE NATURAL SIZE.
A flower ; enlarged.
A stamen ; magnified.
The bd more magnified.
um, with its pappus ; enlarged.
totic: enlarged

Puare XIU. STYLOCLINE GRAPHALOIDES.—Paae 101.

A PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

Involucre and receptacle.
re le, with a male flower on its summit, and its subtending palea.
men.

res a the fertile — enclosed in its large palea.
Dorsal view of a fert
—— view of rae: same.

A fertile flowe
An achenium ; ibs details variously magnified,

Pirate XIV. QUERCUS ECHINACEA.—Pace 137.
A BRANCH OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

A leaf without serratur

. An acorn ; both hia, oe the natural size.

Prare XV. SYNTRICHOPAPPUS FREMONTII.—Pace 106.

AN ENTIRE PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

Involucre and aga sree
fi

A separate stamen.
Style and its branc

. Portion of the syle pappus.
. One of the leaves of the same; highly magnified.

[165] 109

erse section of the same ; to show the way in which the achenium is enclosed in a dorsal fold of the palea.

110 [166| EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

Pirate XVI. LAYIA PENTACH ZTA.—Pace 108.
A FLOWERING BRANCH OF THE NATURAL SIZE,

Fig. 1. Vertical section of part of a head of flowers; enlarged.
‘A ray flower, with its embracing involucral scale.
3. A marginal palea of the receptacle
4. A diss flower.
5. A stamen of the same; magnified
6. Style of a ray flower; magnified.
7. Style of a disk flower; equally Zi aa
Tge

10. Achenium of a disk flower, with its pappus; the details variously magnified.

Prate XVII A. CALAIS BIGELOVII.—Pagz 113.

A PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

Fig. 1. A separate flower; magnified.
2. Divisions of the style, showing the —— lines ; highly magnified.

: and
4. An interior achenium seve moderately enlarged.
5. A separate palea of the pappus.

Prats sages. B. CALAIS TENELLA.—Pace 114.

fe
&

. 6. A separate flower; magnified.
7. Divisions of the style ; highly magnified.
: An achenium, destitute of pappus
. Another achenium crowned with ie awned palee.
a The receptacle. The last three figures equally magnified.

Prate XVIII. CALAIS CYCLOCARPHA.—Paae 113.

Fig. 1. A. flower ; magnified.
2. A stamen; more highly magnified.
3. The style; equally magnified.
achenium crowned with its pappus ; magnified.
. Asingle palea; equally magnified.
c Receptacle ; blac.

Pirate XIX. ERIOGONUM LACHNOGYNUM.—Pace 132.
AN ENTIRE PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

Fig. 1. An involucre, from which several flowers protrude ; magnified.
2. Periant’ id Open ; more fied.
3. A pedicel, with a pair of bracteoles at its base ; equally magnified.
3a, A third and broader bracteole, inserted exterior to the others ; equally magnified.
4. The pistil; more magnifi
5. A ripe achenium ; considerably enlarged.
6. Embryo, from the

Puate XX. OBIONE HYMENELYTRA.—Pacs 129.

Fig. 1. A branch, with male flowers, of the natural size
2. A branch from a — plant, with fruit, of the ‘cites size.
3. A male flower ; magnified.

agnified.
: The same, with one bract removed to show the pistil ; more enlarged.
6. Embryo; cable magnified.

Fig.

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES,

Puate XXI. DAMASONIUM CALIFORNICUM.—Pace 142,

AN ENTIRE PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE.

. 1. Plan of the flower

2. A flower; somewhat magnified.
. One of the sepals ; also magnified.
. An anther; more magnifi
: A cae laid open to show the position of the oyule.
6. A ripe achenium ; sere magni
Ze Seed ; aii snore magnified,

Prate XXII. SCOLIOPUS BIGELOVII.—Pace 145.

A PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE,

. 1. A separate flower.

2. A sepal, with a stamen, seen anteriorly.
3. A petal.

4, Anther, with part of the filament, posterior view.

5. Pistil, with the ovary divided transversely ; a petal and a stamen.
6. Portion of the ovary divided transversely and vertically,

7. Anovule. The details, except figure 1, more or less magnified.

Prarr XXIM. STROPHOLIRION CALIFORNICUM.—Pace 149.

AN ENTIRE PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE,

- 1. The perianth laid open ; moderately enlarged,
arged.

2. ia pistil ; more en
: pe pod, showing the dehisce
4. pas of the carpels si the same, ‘ell open and showing the seed.
5. Transverse section of a pod.
6. A seed; vosaldaraby ease
7 and 8 should be erase

Pratr XXIV. ODONTOSTOMUM HARTWEGII.—Pace 150.

AN ENTIRE PLANT (EXCLUSIVE OF THE ROOF) OF THE NATURAL Size.

1. The unopened perianth ; magnified.

2. a laid open ; equally magnified.

3. A stamen ; more magnified.

4. Part of the ovary ; longitudinally divided and magnified,
5. ovule; — —— ed.
6 n ovary,

7. Immature fruit.
Prate XXV. *SCORALLORHIZA STRIATA.—Pace 152.
_A PLANT OF THE NATURAL SIZE, IN FLOWER AND FRUIT.

. A flower ; .. a
2. Lip of the
3. The eae: a ally ee

[167] 111

* Incorrectly named C. Maerzi on the plate,

[The regular names of Species, Genera, and Natural
*]

are in Roman

Abies balsamea

INDEX.

bracteata
_ Douglasii

Abronia aren

Abutilon parvulum ~

Ce ed

macrophylium -

Negundo
ipartitum

Aceracee.

Acerates cordifoli.

Actinomeris squarrosa
4égilops Hystrix

éseulus Californica
flava

Agraulus brevifolius .........
Agrostis microphyll

Orders are in Jialic. Sy J 1 f plants oth noticed
Page. Page.
141 | Allium acuminatum 148
140 cernuum 148
141 amplectens 148
181 POUR aidieichcd Ouintniiuih eshcn nowibonine ace eaen 148
131 tribr m 148
131 Alnus viridis 137
131 | Alopecurus borealis 154
72 geniculatus 154
84 Alsine Douglasii Sie 69
84 Mic i 69
133 | Amarantacee .2..2...+-. 130
74 | Amarantus albus 130
74. greecizans 130
74 réroflecus 130
73 tamariscinus 130
73 Amaryllidacea 151
---- | Ambrosia aptera 102
109 tfolia 102
106 | Amblyopappus Neo-Mexicanus 106
108 hier 85
63 Amiantanthus Nuttalii 144
63 mmannia latifolia ...... +. 86
63 | Ammodia Oregana 99
108 | Amorpha canescens 78
108 Amphiach de 98
108 Amphicarp 77
107 | Amsinckia spectabitis ... 124
107 intermedia 124
108 Anacardiacee 73
84 | Anagallis arvensis 118
160 mri avenaceus 159
160 159
104 pn Sceeseceeserrasenseec secon 159
157 Jamesii 159
74 nutans 159
74 ris 159
154 Torreyanus 159
154 ‘| A 61
155 | Anemopsis Californica 135
84 Anoplantius 119
84 Ant t 110
84 luzuloides 110
82 | Anthericum pomeridianum .-..--..-.........-. 148
143 | Anticlea Fremont 144
142 Nuttallit 144
169: |. Anthopogon leptardides. 2. 156
160 Aphanocalais 113

s
h

, re Shiite eae af i
and it was too late to make the change. The author thinks it is proper
. 7 1 oat

15

use in em cases. Lebo was =e aeet the index was set up,

with which

114 [170]

Aviastrum angustifolium
rs

- 7 :
Anlonannus ciliatus
oe ee

divaricatus

laricifolius

Arbutus Menziesii
A

cryptopodum
vi a

herinstrn hal, 7,
Phe

Aristolochiacece
4 cy

INDEX.
Page.
9 Aster divaricatus
100 Fendleri
94
118 multiflorus
91 Novi-Belgit
152 Nuttallit
99 patens
99 pauciflorus
99 Asteranthemum vulgare
99 | Atheropogun oligostachynum
99 papillosus
65 = | arragaler didymotarps: oo. oo oa thee
diphysus
65 Fremontii
94 humistratus
94 lonchocarpus
116 Mi
135 mollissimus
$04 < (Retro phe SIRORAIS 66 a wn os ow sone ncactnnccnniee
135 | Atriplex argentea
116 Audibertia humilis
116 | Avena fatua
116 & ESL eee 1
116 occidentalis
116 | Baccharis Douglasii
69 feetida
69 salicina
69 sergiloides
70 TEE OSes oes Sine e neue LAO
70 Beria
70 Rahia arachnoden
69 confertiflora
64 nata
128 latifolia
128 iifolia .--....
118
f 18 pe Fs Ty gee
106 pleniradiata
110 Balsamorhiza deltoidea ..... Bs
110 glabrescens
110 hirsuta
110 Hookeri
110 macrophylla
110 | Barbarea vulg
110 Bartonia albicanlis
157 Batis vermicularis
128 Berberidacece
128 Berberis Aquifolium
128 Fendleri
128
161 trifoliata.
1 6 1 Rerlandera lyrata
160 Texana
161 Berula angustifolia
160 Baulacece
161 | Bidens bipinnata
160 hrysanth
160 tenuisecta.
97 Bignoniacece.
97 | Blennosperma Californicum

J i
Boschniakia strobilacea

Rotel erinonoda

i

oligostachya
C4 vv

Kalmii
h of,

spe
Odlliandra humilis

Callichroa.

Calliprora lutea
Raw 2 7

4

MNT tend al,

Nuttallii__-.
uncul,

eee ee

uniflorus

fhl denian cenhalotee

multiglandulosa.

ee ee

[171] 115

INDEX.
Page.

129 Cardamine paucisecta
129 | Cardiospermum Halicacabum ....-----.------------
124 Carex Cherokeensis.

118 Deweyana. ....
156 decidua
156 festiva....

155 ina

96 Geyeri

36 1) ~-MOUdives:

96 Jamesii

96 lagopodioides
157 laciniata
149 PrOpiNnGUa. .c0nsccee
157 siecata
157 Sitchensis
106 siccata
107 lata
107 Xalapensis
113 visicaria .....-
113 proping.

112 Carphochete Biglovii
112 Caryophyllaceee

713 ia Reemeriana
112 flivetamnan chrysophy J,
112 Castilleia affinis
113 hisp

113 C 1

112 ft +}, atte,
113 crassifolius
114 divari
114 dentatus
154 Fendleri

70 incanus

70 integ ono Jone nn ee ---------------

82 macrocarpus
108 prostratus
150 rigidus.

71 sorediacus
135 thyrsiflorus
135 verrucosus z
135
135 | Celastrus
146 | Cenchrus tribuloid
146 Cerastium oblongifolium
146 | Cercidium floridum
146 ge 18 oJontnise
146 Siliquastrum
146 Cercocarpus betulefolius
129 folius
109 | Cherophyllum Californicum -....----- ----- Soccer

86 |e. Sol 7
147 | Cheilanthes dealbat
147 Bradburii
116 Fendleri

68 vestita

67 | Cheiranthes asp

95 capitatus

65 fL rs gl Paes ee Py

¢ Chenovodiacece

Page.
65

116 [172|

ie

Chenopodium GR oc ncces
aristatum
AYOHIUM . oan e
Virginicum

Chenopodina maritima

Chis: hila dasustemon

£ vo
Menziesii

Chloris alba

Chlorogalum pomeridianum
divaricatum

Chondrosium oligostachyuum
Chondrosium hirtum-.....------..
Chorizanthe

Clavigera brachyphylia .....-.--+neeeess+--© an
Qilatonia alesnmedses

Caroliniana ......-...

exigua
§
7

we -& x
lanceolata

twee ee ew ew ee ewe

i ed

i

Conyza subdecurrens

Oorallorhiza striata
: Macreai -

INDEX.
Page.
129 | Corispermum hyssopifolium ...----
129 Cornaces
129 | Cornus circinata
129 Nuttallit
130 pubescent ..-.--+---
116 sessilis
116 sericea
156 | Cosmos bipinnatus
148 Cotula coronopifol: ta
148 Chwania Mericana
155 Stansburiana
155 Cr ae
132 Crategus coccinea
132 ree
99 | Crossosoma Calife
99 Craciferce
99 . } Cryptopleura Californica__-.......----------.-
112 | Cucumis perennis
112 rbita perenni
112 Cupulty fercee
57 | Cuscuta Californica
66 Cyclachena xanthiifolia (2... oe <eeene
70 a dissecia....---.
q 0 Cy (pe a. Us
71 elegans
71 nitida ...-
70 pu Ichella
7 1 Cy » Be } latyy hy 77.
71 | Cymopterus mont
70 Cynapium api) folium
71 igelovit
71 Cynogl: atti seeirte
61 Cyperacece
61 | Cp di
61 inflexus
67 lutescens
67 Michauxianus
67 phymatodes -....-..
150 repens.
116 | Cystopteris fragilis. .....-
116 | Daleaa OH Soccer aS. cao ee ee
119 aurea
119 Sormosa
119 Jamesii.
119 fa
119 © laxiflora
125 nana
125 spinosa ~----
134 Damasonium Californicum
Ob i SOREN 22 oe Sac ee woe tes a
140 Daphnidostylis pungens
94 | Dasylirion Bigelovii
96 Datiscacece
127 Daucus brachiatus
127 pusillus
127 Delphinium aczureim
97 cineum
152
152 decorum

Pye is 2

arguta
Dicentra formosa =

congesta

ma
Diotis lanata
Diplachue fascecularis
Diplacus ghitinosus

leptanthus

longiflorus

cuneifolia
Drimophyllum pauciflorum

NS dt a Se ee
ovatum
perfoliatum

Dysodia chry: i

Behenerta Lanrenl ain

) 4 8B J,

Etlipta erecta
‘eer ae

capitata
-

reclinata
yee Le

Eleusine mucronata
ymus Europeus Prom
vill

vilosus

Elymus Sitanion
Encelia Californica

a

tenuifolia

Enhedra antisnohilitica
_ +
bn PB

minutum “

INDEX.
Page.
62 Epilobium
63 montanum
63 parviflorum
63 telragonum
63 | Epimedium hetrandrum ....-...........-.-.---
64 Equisetacece
82 arvense.
82 eburneum
82 fluviatile
82 hyemale
82 Telmateia
82 is orylepi
94
94
64 Frankii
107 Eremiastrum bellioides
149
130 | Ericameria
155 | Drigeron Bellidiastrum
120 divaricatum
120 divergens
120 lasti
97 florifera
183 macr
66 modestum
66 Philadelphicum
118 stenophyllum .. .. 22-2 n een ccnenen-sans “
118
118 Briysimum asperum
116 g iflorum
66 | riodyction angustifolium
66 crassifolium
133 glutinosum
116 tomentosum
116 Eriogonum alatum
116 corymbosum
104 effusum
89 Jamesit
143 LACRNOP YN ia oc os oe Eades eH
101 orthocladon
152 polifolium
153 polycladon
152 rotundifoiam ......
152 tenellum
95 Wrightii
155 Eriophorum gracile
157 angustifolium
157 | Briophyllum......----
157 Eritrichium Californicum
103 Chorisianum
103 fulvum
103 I :
102 Scouleri
64 Erodium cicutarium
64 macrophyllum
64 yngium diffusum
140 Errythrea Muhlenbergii.........------ gules paanee
86 | Erythronium cee eseiest peecderesse a

[178] 117

" Page.
86

118 [174]

Eucnide lobata

Eunanus Bigelovii
Coulteri

Douglas

Fremontii

atropurpureus
atitrlaem

Dae eiael

ya Cd

Euvhorbiacece

Fainhorbia commntata

fiupho
leptocera
4

Peplus
FE, yA this

ri vv
Eurotia lanata

SP RRISEN Sele mee

Evax caulescens

Fallugia paradova

Boy J],

Ferula sient
Nuttallii
microstachys . ...
Pretenwes 5. Sass
tenella
scabrella

Filago parvula

Pili

Pinlvisiylis odie ives cE

tiverta angushfolidineece cee Ek
yaria Chilensi

Frangula Californica

Frankeniacecee

Frankenia grandifolia

os pa

coronopifolia
Hookeriana
tenuifolia

Frasera al ns

Carolinensis.
paniculata

Parryi
verticillata

Ee. oe wl e. Be

e

Oregana

pistacicefolia

Pp bescens

welutina .. 6602. occa ee
sie

wean

Page.
89 Pia 2 i
121 parviflora
120 Frelichia Drummondii
120 floridana
121 gracilis
74 Put 9
74 Fumaria formosa
96 Fumariacece
9 6 Sich t, 24 Md A ifi PY
96 ree
96 Galium A lparine
135 Garryacee ...---
1 8 5 Qarran elliptica
135 Fremontii
135 Fadyenii
135 Lindheimeri
102 laurifolia
130 Wrightii
125 | Gaura biennis
101 coccined ....
84 heterandra......--
90 parviflora
92 | Gayophytum Nuttallii
92 tia
155 Geraniacee
156 Geranium albiflorum
156 ceespitosum
156 Crrolinianum
157 Richardsonii
110 Gilia achillecefolia
159 androsacea .
153 capitata..--
104 ciliata
85 cotuleefolia
85 dianthoides. - - - -
74 dichotoma
76 micrantha
76 pharnaceoides
102 tricolor
102 Githopsis specularioides...-.-..----------
102 1
102 | Glossopetalon spinescens ....-.-.---------
102 | Guaphalium Californicum.
102 microcephalum. . ..-
126 palustre....---
126 purpureum ~-----
126 Sprengelii
126 Srictum: <.. ..
126 Gossypianthus
127 NAb ai
128 Grindelia hirsutula.
128 Gultierrezia Buthamie
128 spheerocephala
128 Gymnocaulis
128 Gynogramma triangularis
ji ymnopod
146 Haploesthes Greggii
146 | Harpecarp
146 ps Oe J F,.2.4,

Hedysarum boreale

Helenium autumnale

metre mee

congesta
filipes, (advert.) ....
Fitchis

itchit

Hlesperoscerdium maritimum

Heterocadon rariflorum

Hoffmanseggia drepanocarpa ......-- --------.----
Jamesii

stricta
Hof meisteria pluriseta

WF
Hordeum Chilense

microphylla

[175] 119

INDEX.
Page.
82 Hymenonema laciniatum .....-..
107 RE a ea Se ee
107 Hymenopappus corymbosus
106°] get . pei ce
he ae ee RN! et eat
103 Nuttalli
103 tenuifolius
103 | Hypea
103 | Hypericum anagalloides
103 Hypopeltis Californica
103 | Ilex myrsinites
103 Indigofera e
103
96 Ipomeea sagittata
152 sagittifolia
109 | Iridacece
109 Tris Douglasiana
109 longi;
108 macrosiphon
92 Missouriensis
92 | Isolepis carinata
139 is
148 subsquarrosa
116 Isopappus divaricatus
104 Iva ciliata
99 Jamesia Americana
89 Juncaginee
89 Juncacece
72 Juncus bufonius
154 TMOUEE fa cane as
82 © eand ad,
82 zachyphilea
82 tetragona -
96 Virginiana
106 | Keutrophyta montana
157 virides
157 Krameriacece
157 | Krameria lanceolata .....2..----.----- o-------- =
84 ia
84 Koh Ee
| Laligie
84 | Lagophylla dichstoma
79 PUNO i sc ge ue Se
90 Fy a ce
79 ti cia
79 Lathyrus dhicaphiyias
79 ochroleucus a
ra polymorphus ......-- ee Serre
PODEROOIS io on ec occ hee es bea
79
79 POSS a a eel ia ait
79
79 | Layia calliglossa
79 car:
79
95 ‘richa
124 peritacheta
125 platyglossa
AE 5 LOND a es een anna
104 | Lemnacee

120 [176]

Leptotenia Calij
Lepturus paniculatus

Lespeiteza capitata

violacea

Lewisia rediviva

Limnanthes

Lonicera Californiea

i

wwe ew ee m weet eowe ae

INDEX.

age.
142 Lupinus Menziesii
142 micranthus
103 nanus
103 ornatus
67 ri }
67 sparsiflorus
66 cam i
67 | Lycium fragrosum
155 Lycopodiacese
155 podi pest
155 struthioloides
104 igodesmia juncea
92 ve ayth race
157 Macheranthera tanacetifalia
8&2 canescens
82 Macrorhynchus Chilensis
FL cynthioides
96 grandiflorus
96 heterophyllus
96 humilis
140 levigatus
145 Lessingii
146 retrorsus
73 pterocarpus
73 Madaria corymbosa
73 elegans
73 sativa =
98 rioglossa
98 Mahonia fascicularis
99 Majanth bifolium
98 Malwa borealis
72 obtusa
119 Malvacece
72 Maloastram corein, A;
72 Marrubium vulgare ive
72 Maruta Cotula ‘
90 Matricaria discoid ces
124 Meconella Calif ae
124 Me J a
73 | Meldmpodium cinereum =
116 Melanthacee
89 | Melica colpodioid
95 imperfecta
95 imperforata
95 PIO Ne ee
134 Moelilntic wnat,
79 a : eee
79 | Mentzelia albicaulis ........_.- a
104 Mie
37 multiflora...
81 nuda ..
8 l - ap thong Ee RO Re Seat UE EE ie rae See
81 Menyanthes trifoliata.._
81 anthemacee ...-....
81 lesembryanthemum dimidiatum -..
81 Micropus Californicus
81 PONE Sin cg Sk ee
81 Mimulus brevipes
81 bicolor

. +=

Mimulus floribundus

Z

inconspicuus
luteus
Us
_ Meehringia umbrosa
fohavea viscida

Monardella candicans

Monolopia lanceolata

major
Monroa squarrosa
Vs. ¥ - . .

Myricacee
Myrica Californica

Xalapen sis

Naiadacece

Nama Jamaicensis

[177] 121

Page,
120 | Enothera Jamesii
120 le;
120 ee
69 serrulata
122 speciosa
123 strigulosa
106
106 vimined
157 viridescens
130 Oldenlandia rubra
71 | Oleaceee.
71 | Olneya Tesota
156 | Onagracece
115 | Onopordon Acanthium ...-
124 Onychium densum
124 | Oplismenus Crus-galli
124 | Orchidacee
124 Oreodaphne Calif
137 | Oreophila myrtifolia
137 Orobanchacece
137 Orobanche Californica
142 Orobus littor
125 h ro e onaitese
96 castilleioides
65 densiflorus
65 erianthus
64 JT... ns ee
126 floribundus
125 ithospermoides ....
126 pusillus
126 | Osmorhiza brachypoda
73 m
73 Oxalidacee
125 Oralis Acetosella
125 egana
125 stricta... ¥
125 Oxy Ah, 7, h. 9g F reFuen $id:
125 levis.
125°} Gxytripoliam: 224.0. ce eines ge
127 is Lamberti......
127
160 Virciiuiie
83 | Pachystima Myrsinites........-------0--0--8---5-
131 Peonia Brown
130 Californica
130 | Palafoxia Hookeriana
129 — Texana
129 | Panicum Crus-Galli
130 | latifoliom
150 | obtusu
86 sanguinale
87 virgatum
87 Papaveracee
86 | Pappophorum boreale.....-.-----------++--------
86 phleoides
86 | Park hylla
87 | Paronychia dichtoma
87 COMIN 6 oo oa non oo nnn noes

Page.

122 [178] INDEX.

Page.
P. hi sessiliflora = Pinus contorta
alias 102 edulis
Pectidopsis 35 Engelmanni
pT A em 95 flecilis
Diiaiiye Chilensis 124 insignis
linearis. 124 1ana
Pedicularis densiflora 122 | ~— Sabiniana...--
attenuata 122 Plantaginaceee
Pentacheta aurea 99 | P tat
Pentstemon azureus 119 Bigelovii Ca reae
breviflorus 119 curta i
centranthifolius. 119 decipiens
heterophyllus r 119 filiformis
sit 119 gnaphaloides
yllus et a orton ap a eng 119 Hookeriana
: ai. ‘119
P Ea 100 mollis
Perityle agl 100 occidentalis
Fitchii 100 atag
nuda . 100 : purpurascens
Perizia nana 112 pusilla
Petalostemon ltifl 7s spinulosa.
villosum 78 squarrosa
violaceum 78 tenuiflora
Peuced brotanifoli 92 Xorullensis
caruifolium 92 Virginica
dasycarpum 92 Wrightiana
foeniculaceum 92 Platanacece ;
loca} 92 | Platanus Calif
marginatum 92 Mexicana
macrocarpon 92 TUCEMOSE.
. 92 Platyst Oddera mt
utriculatum 92 Platystigma lineare
Ph, di if ON 80 Plortrits. ef
80 evacina
Nuttallii 80 Pluchea feetida
Phacelia ciliata 125 Plumbaginacee
eircinata 125 | Poa annua ......
divaricata. 125 | eee
Phalangium esculentum....... 147 interrupta
PORNSTAR on neo ne nae ae 148 pectinacea
Phalaris arundinace 154 tenuis
alifornica. 154 trivialis
Phania urenifolia 96 | Pogogyne Douglatiinn-oencnae-ennanesna-ibiiasut
Phaseolus diversifoli 17 Polanisia trichosperma
i a7 uniglandulosa.
Phelipeea: Calif 118 bonné g
Philadelphus Californicus 90 Polyantherix Hystrix
90 | PB
Phlox divaricata 125 | Pp Calif
I 125 Wo)
Phoradendron Californicum 134 Nutkana
Slavescens...--._.. wide 134 Lindheimeri
JURE oe rein mrs erecta aes tl 134 ly
ig een enea SES ee lass 134 Polygonum Bistorta
Photinia SORT oc swine in nti ce titi 85 Paronychia
Pinus Balsamea nee 141 Polymnia Uvedali
brachyptera. ee 141 | Polypodium Californicum
Californi “ 141

at

Polypodium Scouleri

vulgare
vv

~ Polystichium munitum

Prionopsis

Prosartes Hookeri

sandra

trach
~~ Prosopis Emoryi

odorata

pubescens

Prunus demissa

lanuginosa
Pterospora Andromedea.....--.+-------+
Pterostegia

INDEX. [179] 123
Page. Page.
159 | Quercus Garry 138
159 Hindsii 138
160 longiglanda 138
70 oxyadenia 138
70 tinctoria 138
70 Rafinesquia Neo-Mexicana 114
142 Ranunculacece 61
142 Ranunculus aquatilis 62
84 affinis 62
84 Californicus 62
84 canus 62
84 divaricatus 62
84 = delphinifolius 62
84 ris 62
140 Deppii 62
118 dissectus 62
118 hebecarpus 62
99 62
144 oblongifolius 62
144 parviflorus 62
82 8 62
82 trachyspermus..... 2 a2enecncnecerasense 62
82 Rhamaceee 74
83 | Rhamnus Californicus 74
8 3 crocéus TA
83 laurifolius 74
83 oleifolius ‘74
83 tomentellus 74
83 | Rhododendron calendulaceum..-..-------------- 116
82 Rhus diversiloba 73
82 laurina 73
&3 lobata "3
82 trilobata 73
101 Riddellia tageti 105
77 Romanzoffia Sitchensis 125
77 | Rosa blanda 85
aT Californica 85
Wi fraxinifolia 85
77 J 85
"48 gymnocarpa 85
159 Woodsii . 85
160 82
116 Rottbollia cylindrica 159
132 | Rubiacece "95
132 Rubus leucod: 85
132 opetalus 85
113 Nutkanus 85
104 ursinus 85
.122 vitifolius 85
116 | Rumex domesticus 133
114 maritimus 133
85 | Rutacee 73
131 | Rutosma 73
138 | Sagattaria simplex 143
137 | Salicaceer 138
AS (et DiQhovit oi ee eee nn ee = * 139
137 Hindsiana 138
138 lasiandra 13&

124 [180]

Salsola depressa
ps

' velutina
PO |

nudicaulis

Santalacece
Sanvitalia Aberti

Saxifragacece
¥ vv
o * £ ie

= 3e

vv vw

ix glochidiata

Schkuhria Neo-Mexicana

hrankia unct
Scilia angustata

leptocephala_

sylvatica

Denn has],

Scrophularia nodosa ..--~

Sedum snathuleefolinm
-

Wrightii
: pe

rupestris
struthioloides

Sequoia gigantea

sempervirens

-

INDEX.
Page.
130 Sesamece
123 Sesile leiocarpum
123 Qaelons, ce Sey
193 | | “Maohis plates
161 viridis
95 Seubertia laxa
95 Sida diploscypha
95 lepidota
95 malveflora
91 svinosa
91 | Sidalcea diploseypha
91 delphinifolia
91 Hartwegi
91 FO) eee
91 Neo-Mexicana
91 humilis
134 malveeflora. -- --
104 Silene Antirrhina
74 ifornica
74
130 pulchra
117 quinquevulnera
135 Virginica
89 Silybum Marianum
89 Sisymbrit wm canescens
89 deflecum
93 ISU:
106 | Sisyrinchium Bermudiana
82 lineatum.
147 Smilacee
152 Smsloeing bifolia
153 racemosa
153 stellata
153 Smilax Pseudo-China
145 Solanacece
113 @7 se ie
113 umbelliferum
113 Solidago Canad
223; 114 pumila
119 Radula
119 rigida
89 tenuifolia
89 oe
111 | Sophora speciosa
Z11 Sorghum nutans
111 Spergula saginoides
111 rubra
lll
111 Spheralcea angustifolia
lll i
111 stellata
lll Spirea ariefolia. ....
112 spi
123 opulifi
159 Millefolium
159 y
140 decipiens
140 ® b Om » ae =

Markee asidoades
ae oF

issonis

Cham
Stellaria Jamesii.

littoralis

nitens

bera..

We ccica virgatus ...-
datus

Strentanthes cords
-

Styphonia integrifolia

serrata

Styracac

ee
Styrax Californica

Fruticosa

J

Fremontii

vv Ca ss r
Taxodium sempervirens

ee)

v
* cornuta |

Tetragonospermum pulchellum

g
Tetranthera Californica
halictrum Fe

wwe ee ee ee ee ee ee eee eee

wee eee ee ee He ee wee eee

pulchellus

radians

Torreya California

ee ee

‘Trichodia pulchella

INDEX. [185] 125
Paty | ‘Mlouspls sess 156
124 pulchella 156

69 purpurea 156

69 | Trientalis Europea 118

69 latifolia 118

79 | Trifol Ibopurp 78

87 amplectens 78

65 barbig 79

65 ciliolatum 78

65 dic um 78

65 JSucatum 78

71 ilentum 78

82 heterodon 78

99 involucratum 78
114 Macrei 78
114 microdon 78
154 microcephalum 78
154 Triglochin maritimum 142
149 Trillium ovatum 151
101 sessile 151

73 Tripsacum dactyloides 158

73 cylindricum 159
118 Triteleia laxa 150
118 Triticum repens 158
130 i gr We kel ea eS aaa ne aeceee 66
139 | Zroxmon parviflorum 115
“pee “65
140 seston aes 65
140 - 65
140 Turritis AGIGPAYUA occiisspeowackieues neces 66
140 ssilago palmata 96
Se Bie ered M43

90 Typha latifolia 142
129 Umbellularia Californica 133
129 ROUGH ES on acccecoseees ce 91
101 Tniola sti 157

99 hee aristulata 156

ulchella oi 156

ie purpurea 156

61 Urticacece 139

94 Urtica urens 139
104 Uvularia lanuginosa 144

66 Vi ium ovatum 116

81 VaWiangee i222 ee 95

81 ‘ancouveria hexandra. 63
133 Veratrum viride 144

67 Verbena prostrata ax 122

67 erbenacece ; 122

67 Vanes JMNM W655 eee sia

67 Veronica 121

67 Verbesina Virginica ..-.------ 104

67 | Vesicaria argyrea 66

67 66
140 stenophylla 66
140 | Vicia exigua 76

98 gigantea 76

98 Oregana 76
135 truncata 76
156 Viguiera laxa 103

126 [182]

Villa erauntandra
“ vf

trichodes ....--

es .
lingueefolia

Nuttallii

INDEX.
Page.

1 Wy... gt ° 9 ig ¥

155 Whipplea modesta

106 Wittia
67 Woodwardia Chammissonis
68 radicans
68 | Wyethia angustifolia :
68 helenioides : .
68 a a
GS: |. Lanthiam.echindtuny ca... -.<oon5 sd oun pesccen ee
68 Xerobotry aay
68 glaucus
68 tomentosus
68 venulosus
68 Ximenesia encelioides
68 Yucca alotfolia
67 angustifolia
67 Draconis
73° | Zygadenus chlorauthus
73 | Zinnia grandiflora
73

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