EXOTIC FLORA, CONTAINING FIGURES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW, RARE, OR OTHERWISE INTERESTING Erotic Plants, * e ESPECIALLY OF SUCH AS ARE DESERVING OF BEING CULTIVATED IN OUR GARDENS; TOGETHER WITH REMARKS UPON THEIR GENERIC AND SPECIFIC CHARACTERS, NATURAL ORDERS, HISTORY, CULTURE, TIME OF FLOWERING, &c. BY WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, LL.D. F,R.A. & L, MEMBER OF THE IMPERIAL ACADEMY NATURZ CURIOSORUM; OF THE WERNERIAN NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH; OF THE GEOLOGICAL AND HORTI< CULTURAL SOCIETIES OF LONDON; OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC SOCIETY OF RATIS- BON; OF THE HELVETIC SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY; OF THE PHYSIOGRA- a » PHICAL SOCIETY OF LUND; OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETIES OF CAMBRIDGE, AND YORK; OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA, §c. &¢. REGIUS PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW. VOL. 1. [9 EDINBURGH: 5 PRINTED FOR WILLIAM BLACKWOOD, _ EDINBURGH; AND T. wees a : TO CHARLES LYELL, Esa. F.L.S. Se. Se. OF KINNORDY IN SCOTLAND, AND BARTLEY LODGE, HANTS, IN ENGLAND. My Dear Str, E axsorce in the opportunity that the present pu- blication affords of thus testifying the sentiments that I am bound to en- certain towards you. To your active and successful investigations I am indebted for some of the most important subjects that have appeared in my earlier botanical works ; and amongst the hours which I consider as the most agreeable of my life, I reckon those which have been ren- dered so by your conversation and society. The distance which now separates us, has diminished the opportu- nity of these enjoyments. But the expectations that you have allowed me to form, that your paternal seat may, ere long, become again the principal residence of your family, enable me to anticipate a closer re- newal of our former intercourse; and I shall be truly happy when one of my oldest and. most faithful friends will be an inhabitant with myself of this my adopted country. f remain, yours, My Dear Sir, with the most sincere regard W. J. HOOKER. GLascow, Nov. 3. 1823. f INDEX, ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED, TO THE SPECIES AND SYNONYMES CONTAINED IN THE FIRST VOLUME OF THE EXOTIC FLORA. Plate Plate Acrostichum serrulatum, Sw. = 78 Bromelia pallida, Kerr, + 41, 42 Ageratum conyzoides, W. - 15 Cactus pendulus, Sw. = - - 2 Alstroemeria —— a - 64 ———— truncatus, Hook, - - 2 tricolor 65 Caladium bicolor, Vent. “ - 26 pulchra, Peg aia fe —— seguinum, W. 1 name of A. > eee eae | Calceolaria corymbosa, Cav. under the Anemia humilis, Sw. é = 28 name of C. “ 95 repens, . - 28 Caleeolaria paralia +, Cav. - Arethusa ophioglossoides, Linn. - 70 Calypso americana, Br. Ts 12 Arum Vicolor, Ait. = - nee ae 12 ——— seguinum, L. ie x - i Canna indica, Ror. var. maculata, 53 Asarum arifolium, Mich. - ~ - 40 ——- gigantea, Red. - - 47,48 Aspidium Wallichii, Hook. s 5 ——— patens, Roxb. s é = ih Sw. - 78 Caprifolium pubescens, Hook, - 27 Begonia argyrostigma, Fisch, - -18 Cardamine resedifolia,Z. - - 54 iincsnineae Nerilia a < S25 17 Cassytha bactifera, Mill. - -~ 2 —_— lucida, Haw. - - ib. — boreale, Sw. ee ———— ulmifolia, W. - Aes | <= COCcineum, W. ~ 88 Berberis heterophylla, Poir. - 14 Cymbidium lnncidblaan, Hook. - 51 ———. tricuspidata, Sm. MS. ee Cypripedium bulbosum, L. - 12 * Previous to the appearance of this plate, the plant here figured had, without my being aware of it, received, first the name of A/stremeria pulchra in the Botanical Maga- sine, and that of A. fos Martini (an appellation derived from its Chilian — Botanical Register. + Having, since the publication of this plant, had the opportunity of Pisa ts Flora Peruviana of Ruiz and Pavon, I am i Botanical Magazine and Register, in considering C. corymbosa than the C. paralia. _ os : vi INDEX. Plate Cypripedium i ——S Wail. - * 34 tum, Wail. - 39 Dalea sae © ‘ - » 43 Dendrobium Pierardi, fteek.: am —ee- fimbriatum, Hook - 71 Donia ciliata, Nuit. - 45 Doodia aspera, R. Br. - = 8 ——— caudata, R. Br. a : 25 Dorstenia arifolia, Lam. . ry 6 Epidendrum nutans, Sw. = ~. 50 Epiphyllum t Haw. - 20 Euphorbia cotinifolia,Z. - - 59 ae hypericiioha, L. . 36 Goodyera procera, Hook, - - 39 Grammitis serrulata, Sw. - 78 itis graminoides, Sw. = 77 SaaS — Sw - 46 Hemionitis palmata, << Pyare itil, Rich. - 29 nine Nepalensis, Hook. - . 30 Limodorum boreale, W. - - 12 Lobelia micrantha, Hook - Lycopodium dunticilenind: Mich. 7 —— ine ODOM, LL. - i Megasea? ciliata, Haw. - 49 Neottia procera, Wi - = 39 Neottia speciosa, am 3, 4 Ophioglossum petiolatum, Hook. 56 Ophrys lutea, Cavan. = - - 10 SW. SS + | Orchis humilis, Mich - - 69 Orchis spectabilis, L. ae idium coccineum, Sal. = 38 Orontium aquaticum, 2. - - 19 Osbeckia crinita, Sw. MSS. - 37 ————- stellata, Ham. = “ b. Osmunda humilis, Cav. a en. ae Peperomia amen Hum. - na, aakotina Kunth, —_——— rubella, : Pinguicula edentula, Hook. Piper biandum, Jacq. = is incanum, Haw. cevenilafdie Su ~ ——- polystachion, Ait. Pe ——- quadrifolium, Sw. - —- rubellum, Haw. = Pleopeltis angusta, Humb. ensifolia, Acai - ey Bide a Pogonia hig, Kerr, Pothos violacea, hi Ruta albiflora, Hook. . Sarracenia psittacina, Mich.? Schizanthus pinnatus, R. & P. Schizopetalon Walkeri, Sims, Stylidium laricifolium, Rich. Velleia lyrata, R. Br. ra ——— spathulata, Juss. = Verbesina nodiflora, L. . Woodwardia caudata, Cav. ENGLISH INDEX TO THE FIRST VOLUME OF THE EXOTIC FLORA. Plate Adder’: s-tongue, a . 56 Ageratum, hairy. 15 a ecianiit he Red sick babel - tricolored, - - Anemia, dwarf, are ee < Asarabacca, arum-leaved, - 40 Barberry, various-leaved, - 14 Begonia, Elm-leaved, - — - 57 silver-spotted, - 18 -flowered, - 17 Bristle-Fern, elegant, ~«s0 memb: - melia, pale-flowered, - 41,42 Butterwort, too - 6 ted, - - 20 Caladium, two-coloured, - 26 PSO, eee Cassutha, naked, - - 2 Club-moss, tree-lik - ae Cymbidium, sword-leaved, - 51 Dalea, two-coloured, - - 43 ium, splendid, a fringed, oe ee Donia, ciliated, - : 45 Doodia, caudate, . = 25 sites Sigh, : 5 e Dorstenia, Arum-leaved, - 6 Dumb-cane, 1 Epidendrum, droopinglowered, 50 Garland-flower, spiked, 46 - 39 Grammitis, serrated, . ay Hi itisy palmated, = curved and meet, s0 as to form a tube; the mouth, however, is m inthe lower edge, moveable, separating hori ly, and remaining at- 3 united to a filiform ‘process, which runs § 8 groove on the VOL. I. Spt ie back of the anther, and by means of which it is fixed to the top of the back of the column: within, it contains 2 cells, each furnished with an elevated line, or imperfect septum, and each containing 2 pollen-masses of an ovate form, and double, or formed of 2 portions, yellow, waxy. tigma in front of the column, just below the anther. Germen very long, slender, slightly twisted, resembling a pedicel. Well, indeed, might Dr Carry, who introduced this plant to our gardens, say, that “ it is one of the most beautiful ve- getables in the world,” when we consider, that its numerousl ramified stems, which, in their native country, attain a length of 6 feet, are covered with a mass of blossoms, of such loveli- ness, as the annexed figure can convey a very imperfect idea. It thrives, however, well in our gardens, treated in the same manner as the more common parasitic Orchidec ; and the specimen from which the reduced sketch (kindly communi- cated, as well as living plants, by Mr H. SeerHern,) was taken, had reached'the length of 14 inches, and had 16 flowers upon it, all expanded at the same time. A very accurate delineation of this species exists among the drawings belonging to the East India Company sent over by Dr Roxsureug, and which I had the opportunity of seeing when in the possession of Sir JosePH BANKs some years ago; and a slight sketch taken from which, is ‘now lying before me. It there stands under the name of Dendrobium Pierardi, ha- ving been discovered by M. Pirrarp upon trees in the Delta of the Ganges. : 3 A plant, very nearly allied to the present one, is figured both in the Botanical Register (No. 548.), and Botanical Magazine (No. 2242.), under the name of D. cucullatum, but it is infe- rior to the D. Pierardi, both in the size and beauty of its flowers, which also grow opposite to the leaves, and have a la- bellum of a very different shape. The stem, the figure of the leaves, and general structure of the inflorescence, are remark- ably similar. ; It blossoms in the month of April in the stove of the Li- verpool Garden. A fine young plant which we have in the _ Glasgow Botanic Garden has not yet produced flowers. Fig. 1. Portion of a plant, reduced to half the natural size, from a sketch of Mr H. Suepuerp. Fig. 2. Two of the flowers, nat. size. Fig: 3- Back view of a flower cut off from the opof the germen. Fig. 4. Front view of a column, the Anther-case having sprung from the summit, ~ but remaining attached to its ; the Pollen-masses, Fig. 8- being discharged,—all from Fig. 3. more or less magnified. Fig- 9- si (Liha ‘Uf vata . . 10 OPHRYS tovrTéa. Yellow Ophrys. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Onv. ORCHIDE#. Gen. Cuar.—Corolla subpatens. Labellum ecalcaratum. Glandula pollinis cucullis distinctis incluse.—Br. Ophrys Zutea ; labello trilobo, lobo medio productiore rotundato emar- ginato mutico, perianthii laciniis tribus exterioribus late ovatis pe- _ tentibus, duobus interioribus minutis. O. lutea, Cavan. Ic. v. ii. p. 46. t. 160. (fide WitLp.)—Wixtp. Sp. PI. v. iv. p- 60.—Biv. Bern. Sicul. Pl. cent. 2da, p. 40. t. 5. Root of 2 rounded tubers, with a few fibres proceeding from near the sum- mit, Stem about 8 inches in height, cylindrical, flexuose, leafy ; leaves oblong, spreading, obtuse, striated, the upper ones narrower, lanceolate, 2 lateral lobes the smallest, the extreme one protruded, broad, so as to leave a very narrow sinus on each side, rounded, and slightly notched in the middle, with a small swelling or elevation. a masses 2, distinct, each clavate, bipartible, with the glandular base of the pedicel of each inserted in a distinct pouch of the anther. long, twisted. ip OTE RTO Toe Of this curious genus, which is so well defined by Mr Brown, we have three species, indigenous to the warmer parts of Great Britain, but which, beautiful as they are, must yield to VOL. I. Cc the present individual, which inhabits the still more southern countries of Europe. TourNEFoRT seems to have paid great attention to this tribe of plants during hiswoyage to:the Levant, and has caused several of them to be drawn upon vellum, by that admirable artist AUBRIET, who accompanied him as a botanical draughts- man. hese figures form a part of the splendid Vellum Col- lection, as it is called, of Natural History, begun under the auspices of GasTON, Duke of Orleans, brother of Louis XII. and continued to the present time at the expence of the French Government. Five new species, taken from those drawings, are figured and described by DEsFONTAINES in the 10th volume of the Annales du Muséum. d@ Histoire Natu- relle. _'Two of them, the O. villosa of DEsroNTAINES (O. ten- thredinifera of WitLp.) and the O. Speculum, and, as it would.appear, the only exotic true. Ophrides ever introduced in aliving'state into this country; were brought by Mr.SwarNnson from Palermo ; and, of these, excellent figures have been given by Mr Gawter in the numbers of the Botanical Register- Tubers of O. lutea were received from Gibraltar, by the Bota- nical Garden here,.through the kindness of. Captain Dunn of Greenock; and,.‘though: inclosed, in a dry state, in a bag of ‘Ranunculus roots, they flowered in the green-house in the suc- eceding spring. In a growing state this plant is beautiful, and most re sembles. O. iricolor of the. Annales du. Muséum, v. 10. t..19: differing, however, from it, in the fewer number of flowers up- on its spike, the dissimilar form of the lip, and the yellow, not purple, colour of the blossoms. = WILLDENOW states it to be a general inhabitant of Spain and Portugal; and Bivona Bernarpti of the hills.and mea- dows about Palermo and Catania. es Fig. 1. The small inner segment of the perianth. Fig. 2. Lip and column of fructification. Fig. 3. Upper. part of the stigma, with the anther. Fig. 4. One of the pollen-masses.—All more or less magnified. * sl ee Fe i oS ey Swan Glasgow ing * ey i ee , beaftis = re 11 SERAPIAS Linewa. Tongue-lipped _ Serapias: GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nart. Ono. ORCHIDE. Gen. Cuar.—Corolla ringens. Labellum ecalcaratum. Columna cuspidata. Pedicelli pollinis inserti glandula unica cucullo inclusa—Br. in Hort. Kew. Serapis Lingua ; -labello tripartito,-lacinis~iateralibus obtusis erectis conniventibus, media oblonga lanceolata. acutiuscula glabriuscula S. Lingua, Linn. Sp. Pl. p..1344—Wiup- Sp. Pl. voivs p.. 70—Arr. Hort. Kewed. 2; v. 5. po 195. The root of this plant consists-of one large, nearly spherical, plump and fleshy tuber, with a smaller shrivelled one-by its side, and-above these a few rather thick, carnose, simple bres. Stem 8 inches to 1} foot high, flexuose, leafy. Leaves lanceolate, the middle ones long and narrow, smooth, pale green, obscurely nerved ; the uppermost passing gradually into bracteas. : : Spike composed of from 2 to 5, or even 8 inclined flowers, each subtended Perianth of 5 narrow, lanceolate and leaflets, the 2 innermost being very narrow, and scarcely Separable from the upper one; their colour is a pale yellow-green, with: purplish red lowish-white, pubescent at the base, the margin reddish. — Sructification rather lengthened, yellowish-green, running out into a long attenuated point beyond the Anther. Germen somewhat clavate, Hie twisted. Stigma broadly ovate, viscid, in the front of the column. Anther fine yellow, obovate, 2-celled, with one little point at the base, in which is inserted the single gland, bearing the 2 yellow pollen-masses (Fig. 5.) The two species of Serapias, S. Lingua and JS. cordigera, have a very close affinity with each other, and are scarcely to be distinguished but by the larger size of the latter, and the VOL. I. oe 3 * broadly ovate middle segment of its lip. I find both plants to be hairy at the base of the lower lip, the S. cordigera most so, according to the fine specimens preserved in my herbarium, which were gathered by W. Swarnson, Esq. at Palermo in Sicily. The same excellent naturalist brought home living plants of S. Lingua, which flowered for two successive seasons at the Botanic Garden, Liverpool, in the month of April. It was from these individuals, kindly communicated by Mr SHEPHERD, that the accompanying figure was taken. « Fig. 1. Front view of a single flower, nat. size. Fig. 2. A flower partly wread open, two of the leaflets of the perianth being from the 3 conjoined ones above, and shewing the column of fructification and lip. Fig. 3. Front view of the lip, removed from the flower. Fig. 4. Column ; a, The anther; 5, The stigma; c, The scar where the lip was attached. Fig. 5. Pollen-masses, united upon one come mon gland. - saipaiena inate taaasaaa lenient teiiterieniins 12 CALYPSO BOREALIS. Northern Calypso. GYNANDRIA asthe —Nat- Orv. ORCHIDE®, Div. IV. Anthera terminalis, ci pollinis demum ce: Gen. Cuar. allie ventricosum, prope apicem subtus Sieur Pe- tala “so a secunda. Columna petaloidea, dilatata. Masse pol- Calypso — Satisp. Parad. Lond. n. 89.—Ricnarp, De Orchid. in Mem. du Mus. v. iv. p. 60.—Pursu, Fl. Am. Sept. v- it. p- 5 _ Calypso ductieitin, Br. in Hort. Kew. v. 5. wes tagatlay ‘Am. Fl. v. ii. p. 194. Orchidium boreale, Sw. in Svensk. Botanik. t. 518. Limodorum boreale, Witt. Sp. Pl. v. iv. Ye 123.—Sw . De Orchid. p. Cymbidium doreale, Sw. in Nov. Act. gett . p. 76. (fide wases Cypripedium bulbosum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1347. Root a small bulb, sheathed with scales, and roe ax Soon out from its base 2 or 3 rather long, and somewhat mrtg ond fibres. Stem 4 to 6 inches, or even more, in height, — , throughout its whole ring ct with na with ical, memb wi Fi iaoer nny, terminal, drooping, about an inch long. Peduncle short, curved, as well as the elongated germen. Five nts of the j times it in length. Column of fructification s sp - , Into a -like form, ovate, convex, a vering e aperture of the li seated on a small sw $ of the column on the under side, nearly hemi- beneath the extremity spherical, yellow-white, membranaceous, moveable, attached by its 3 when fallen away leaving 2 pairs of flattened, yellow, w waxy pollen- masses, attached by their narrower e Stigma a concave heart- xtremities. excavation, in part covered by the anther-bearing process. - Bulbs of this truly beautiful aad interesting plant were bia river. In 1811, Mr Norra. gathered it, but without flower, on the Island of St Helena, near the outlet of Lake Michigan, in the shade of Abies canadensis, attached to re- cent vegetable soil. Mr Brown has separated, in the Hortus Kewensis, the American state of this plant from the European, and_ has ascribed to it, “a lip narrowed and subunguiculate at the base, the spur excecding the lamina or ligule of the lip in length, and the peduncle longer than the germen.” ‘The first charac- ter is by no means apparent in my living specimens. ‘The se- cond is variable; for though, in the individuals here figured, the spur is longer than the ligule, yet, in some of those ee ium, which were gathered by Mr Goupre at Montreal, the ligule rather exceeds the spur in length, and the peduncle is about as long as the germen. I have, for these reasons, vel tured again to unite the American species with the European; ticularly as it sufficiently well accords with the figure of the atter given by Swartz in the Svensk Botanik. 'The ligule, should however observe, in SWArvTz’s plate, is represented much larger in proportion than in my specimens, and entire at the extremity SMITH says, that he has in vain sought fora permanent ifference between the American and European plants; and Ricuarp adds, “ An Calypso Americana, Hort. Kew. 208. specie differat non satis constat.” ; The Genus was established by Saiissury, in his beauti- tiful Paradisus Londinensis, “ from xadvalo, to cover, ot conceal, not merely alluding to the covering of the stigma, but preserving a poetical analogy between thie botanical beauty, so difficult of access, and the secluded goddess, whose isle was fabled to be miraculously protected from the observation of na- vigators.”—SM. in Rees’ Cycl. : In Europe, the plant is considered of great rarity. In mada, especially about Montreal, it appears to be not un n. “ Its mode of cultivation with us is in pots of peat-earth ; and it is sheltered by a frame in winter. Fig. 1. Plant, exhibiting a front view of the flower. Fig. 2. Ditto, —s a side view of it. Fig. 3. Back view of a flower, natural size. Fig: af Front view of a flower, deprived of its lip ; shewing the under side oP column. Fig. 5. Front view of the lip, removed from Tig vA U , column, Anther. Fie. 8. Anther removed from Ot ee eee ae Mods RTE Tee ee a |e eH SSE ae pipes Fe ee ee al EE ee TN Pa et wo eet Pree ge ere 2s peer ee q . ee a gee ee) enn UWE s ht kts Wee MEL ee Le se ee a 13 SARRACENTA rusra. Red Side-saddle. Flower. POLYANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. INC. SEDIS, Juss. Gen. Cuan.—Calyx duplex persistens; ext. minore triphyllo; int. penta- phyllo. Petala 5,-decidua. Stigma magnum, clypeatum, pentangulare, _persistens, stamina obtegens. Capsula 5-locularis, 5-valvis, polysperma, valvis medio septiferis. Sarracenia rubra; foliis scapo brevioribus tubo superne sensim dilatato reticulatim venoso, appendice ovato-acuminata, planiuscula erecta. S. rubra, Wart, Carol. p. 152.—Witup. Sp. Pl. v. ii. p. 1150.—Arr. Hort. Kew. ed. 2+ v.- iii, p- 291. S. psittacina, Micu. Fl. Bor. Am. v.i. p. $11.2—Pursu, Fl. N. Am. v. ii- p. 369. > Leaves radical, 8 or 9 inches long, oblong, gradually tapering from the near- -ly cylindrical base upwards to the mouth of the ‘ube, where it is about _an.inch and a half in its greatest diameter : it is laterally compressed, of _ a green colour, marked with longitudinal nerves and connecting reticu- lated veins, which, in the upper part, are of a purple colour. Jn the front of the leaf, there runs a longitudinal waved ala or wing, from the mouth to the base of the tube, and which is about one-third of an inch deep. The mouth of the tube is ovate, scarcely at all contracted, thicken- ed at the margin, the front declined, the back of it surmounted with a broadly ovato-lanceolate, acuminate, nearly erect appendage, which is slightly convex, the margin alone, near the base, being recurved. - This is usually of a purplish colour, marked with veins like the rest of the leaf, within covered with very minute reflexed hairs. a twice the length of the leaves, one foot and a half long, cylindrical, erect, green, purplish above, and curved. at the extremity, bearing a single, drooping, large, richly coloured flower. Calyx double, the outer one of 3 small, ovate, yellow-green leaflets ; the inner of 5, broadly ovate, bright purplish crimson spreading: leaflets, the ex- tremities pointing downwards, and protecting the rest of the flower. Pe- tals 5, broadly ovato-rotundate, remarkably contracted below the aie, flaccid, pendent, of a very deep, fine purple colour, g t th Stamens in a hollow cup-shaped receptacle, formed by the sisal petals, numerous. Filaments rather short, purplish dotted. Anther insert- ed by the middle of its back, nearly horizontal, oblong, yellowish, form- ed of 2 cells, which open with a large aperture at the extremity. Pollen VOL. I spherical, pale yellow. Pistil superior. Germen spherical, about the size of a small pea, minutely tuberculated. Style short, filiform, sup- porting a remarkably large, umbraculiform, convex, green stigma, with 5 lines, and 6 elongated angles, which curve down over the germen; its under side is downy. The specific character given by the original discoverer of S. rubra, “ foliis erectis tubulatis, valva plana erecta,” 1s $0 applicable to our present plant, that I think there can be no question of its identity with our species. But I cannot agree with Mr Pursu in thinking that S. psittacina of MicHavx is the same; for in that individual the tube of the leaf is de- scribed as gradually passing into a “ recurved, rounded, forni- cated, mucronated appendage, somewhat resembling the head of a parrot.” Nor are the leaves of S. rubra short, as com with those of its congeners, though they are so with regard to its scape. It is a native of swamps in Georgia and Carolina, and was introduced to this country by Mr J. Fraser, in 1786, as ¥? learn from the Hortus Kewensis. The beautiful specimen here delineated, was communicated by Mr SHEPHERD of Li verpool, in April 1822. In the flower this species approximates to S. purpure™ but has leaves of a very different form, and the singular figure of whose appendage will ever keep it distinct from all other individuals of this genus. Fig. 1. Scape and flower of S. rubra. Fig. 2. Leaf; and Fig. 3. Upper side of a flower, natural size. Fig. 4. Portion of a flower, with the great peltate stigma, turned up to display the stantens, and the germéll ® the style. Fig. 5. Stamen. Fig. 6. Pollen. Fig. 7. Germen * * Style.—All more or less magnified. | TR, SE RIM a

MOL-1: seribed five additional species in RExEs’s Cyclopedia, which had been gathered by the celebrated Dr A. AFZELIUS at Sierra Leone. With the characters of none of these will our plant accord, which has been raised from seed, sent from Nepal by Dr Wat icu, both at the Botanic Gardens of Glasgow and of Edinburgh. It first flowered in the magnificent new esta- blishment of the latter city in June 1822, and it was there that the accompanying figure was made. I possess dried specimens of this handsome plant, from Katmandu in Nepal, which I received both from Dr Wat- LICH and from Sir James Smiru. The latter gentleman has sent me likewise another species of the genus, from the same country, differing from the present in its shorter leaves, and a calyx entirely concealed by thick bristle-shaped processes. This is the O. crinita of Smrru’s MS. and should, when published, bear that name. The stamens vary from 8 to 10 in this genus, which many botanists scarcely consider sufficiently distinct from Rhevia, but which SmirH considers may be sufficiently marked by the “ permanent simple teeth of the calyx, destitute of interme- diate scales.” Many plants have, however, according to Mr Brown, been arranged among the Rheaxice which do not be- long to them; and this author even goes so far as to say, that probably no genuine species of Melastoma, and certainly none of Rhewia, has yet been published in M. Bonriann’s splendid and valuable monographs of these two genera. The original species of the Linnean genera Melastoma and Rhewia, the same author, however, believes will be found to possess generic characters sufficiently distinguishing them from the greater part of the plants that have been since added to them by va- rious authors, As an Order, Mr Brown assures us that Melastomacee is only to be distinguished from Myrtacee by the absence of the pellucid glands of the leaves and other parts, which exist in all the genera really belonging to that extensive family. LN Fig. 1. Peet tom, which the petals have been removed. Fig. 2. Stamen. : ig. 3. Portion of the style and stigma. Fig. 4. Base of a petal. Fig. 2- Germen cut through vertically. "Fig. 6. Secks ot the calyx. Fig. 7. Ger- transversely. Fig. 8. Capsule bursting —Al/ more or SN a oy Bs J v4 ¥ : Celene aif m4 My 0 $2 STYLIDIUM taricirotium. Larch-leaved Stylidium. GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA.—Nat. Orv. STYLIDEZ, Br. Gen. Cuar.—Calyz bilabiatus. Corolla i is, 5-fida, lacinia quinta (labello) dissimili minore, deflexa (raro reliquis patentibus (raro geminatim coherentibus). Columna reclinata, duplici flexura ; Antheris bilobis, lobis divaricatissimis ; stigmate obtuso indiviso. bilocu- a Halen superne quandoque incompleto.—Br. in Prodr. Fi. Div. I. Capsula ventricosa, subovata, nunc spherica vel oblonga. Sabin, i. Caulis jylteate ‘foliis sparsis, crebris. Sizhei laricifolium; foliis setaceo ribu ilibus pil lis (vel glabris) fauce saan, labello catalan ite sub S. sotaifste. S. laricifolium, Ricuarp, in Pers. Syn. Pl. y. ii. p. patie tg in Ann. du us. - Nat. v. xviii. p. 19. t. S. tenuifolium, Brown, Prodr. Fl, Now. “Holl. p SOs Ba: yp t. 2249.— Smita, in Rees’s Cyc Stem 8-10 inches to a foot high, erect, simple, or throwing out one or more small branches from the eyes. ree below, ative clothed with numerous linear-setaceous dark- , which are patent or reflex- From the extremity of the stem springs a ee branched a yh panicle, EE a small lan Flowers upon rather short glandular pedicels. Germen ovate, glandular, tapering below, surmounted by an imperecy 2p lipped calyx, of 5 erect, lanceolate, obtuse, glandular segments. lar ineous ring or — the back of chao has pasos pedicellated cue the 5th segment or /abellum arpa ee de- VOL: I stion puts it out of the power of naturalists in general to have recourse to them. The necessity for their publication may be considered as still less, now that engravings of this species have appeared in the Botanical ine and Botanical Register. These were given to the world since my drawings had been executed ; but these last seem to me to con- tain more important analyses of the parts of fructification than either of the excellent works now mentioned. : The ot of the column of fructification, which is perhaps more ident i individual of the genus than in any other, is a well known circumstance. It is bent, as Mr Brown describes it, “ duplici flexura ;” or, in the words of Sir James Smuru, it is “ curved, and recurved ;” if this column be touched ever so slightly, or if any part of it be ith the finger, it immediately starts over to the other side of the flower, and is supposed, by this process, to scatter the pollen from the stigma. sti The genus Stylidium was first established by Swartz; but Sir time communicating specimens to the Swedish Professor and to Lasit- LARDIERE. It is now universally adopted, although the latter author, in a memoir in the Annales du Muséum @ Histoire Naturelle, called the genus Decandollea; and Smiru himself, in Exotic Botany, published er on the one hand, and Goodenovie on the other, differin : mer in its * reduced number of stamens, and the remarkable and inti- mate adhesion of their filaments with the style, through the whole length ef both organs ;” and from the latter, (as also from Campanulacea), “in nature irregularity. It is curious that Rrcmarp, and filawieg him Jussieu, should have the dabellum of Brown as stigma; and as such have peg and described it in the 18th volume of the Annales du Mu- a ; a no les ber 45 species of Stylidiwm described in the Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. only two satan to the nature of shrubs, one of which is our S. laricifolium (8. tenuifolium, Brown). It is, like nearly all the others, an inhabitant of the neighbourhood of Port Jackson, and is readily culti in a mixture of loam and peat-earth, creasing by cuttings, and proving a great ornament to the greenhouse, as it flowers in the early part of spring Fig. 1. Portion of a Fig. 3. Side vi | oe : “heir pollen ; the stigm uded. Fig. 10. Pollen. Saude flout 33 HEMIONTTIS parmata. Paimated Hemionitis. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Nar. Oav. FILICES, Juss, Div. 1. Gynate, Br. Gen. Cuar.—Capsule: penis reticulatis frondis insert. Jnvolucrum nullum. — Willd, Hemionitis palmata; hirsuta, fronde pentagona profunde quinquefida, segmentis lanceolatis crenato-lobatis, stipite elongato. Hemionitis palmata, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1535.—Swartz, Syn. Fil. p. 20.—Lam. Illust. t. 868. f. 2——Witip. Sp. Pl. v. 5. p. 129.—Art. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. p. 502. Root of many long, branching, scarcely hairy, fibres, (Sw.) Stipes many from the same root, 4-6 inches long, erect, about as thick as a crow’s quill, purplish-brown, covered with ferruginous patent hairs. Frond 3-4 inches in length, somewhat cordate in its ci iption, deeply divided into 5 segments which spread out so as to form a pentagon ; of these the 3 superior lobes are the longest, all are rather broadly lanceolate, hairy, dark green above, paler beneath, the centre furnished with a strong purplish rib, prominent on the underside, the margins crenato-lobate, the lobes obtuse, fri 2 fringed. : Fructification confined to the numerous branching forming raised lines, and destitute of involucrum. Capsules numerous, length confluent, and covering almost the whole back of the frond, sphe- rical, pedicellated, reticulated, with an incomplete annulus. Seeds or sporules minute. The Hemionitis palmata was introduced to our gardens from the West Indies in the year 1793, by Rear-Admiral BuicH, and it deserves a place in every collection of stove- plants, being no less remarkable in the shape of its frond, than in the lines of fructification, which cover the underside of it like a network of a rich brown colour. It is readily kept in a pot of common earth, with a mixture of peat, and with the roots placed between two broken pieces of flower-pot, with the con- VOL. I. - cave sides inwards. All the Ferns love water, and the tropi- cal species flourish best under the shade of the larger stove plants. The present one sheds its seeds freely, from which arise numerous new individuals; thence it is easily propagated. Fig. 1. Plant, natural size. Fig. 2. Portion of the frond, with the lines of fructification. Fig. 3. Capsule ; and, Fig. 4. The same burst, and in the act of discharging the seeds. Fig. 5. Seedgy magnified. & od ‘ ‘ ; MAL AMTAAEG FT LFSC GRC f ra ff 2 AVEE bi Me 34 CYPRIPEDIUM usiene. Large-flowered Lady’ s-slipper. \ GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDE. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum ventricosum, inflatum (nune saccatum). Columna postice terminata lobo petaloideo (stamine sterili) antheras distinguente. Petala duo antica, sepe connata.—Br. in Hort. Kew. Cypripedium insigne ; acaule, foliis cartilagineis ligulatis scapo piloso dimidio brevioribus, perianthii lacinia superiore fornicata ta, lateribus obovatis subundulatis obtusis extus pubescentibus, infe- riore labello venoso basi inflexo paulo longiore.—Lindl. C. insigne, Watuicn, MSS.—Linp.ey, Coll. Bot. t. $2. Stem none. Leaves few, distichous, sheathing and equitant at the base, the rest linear, carinated, quite glabrous, of an uniform yellow-green hue, paler at the base. Scape cylindrical, pubescent, purplish, curved at the extremity, Bractea or spatha ovate, keeled and compressed, marked with lines, glabrous, green, purple at the base. Flower very large, showy, solitary, drooping, nearly 3 inches in length. The 2 outer segments of the perianth or corolla pale green; the upper one broadly ovate, concave, waved at the margin, white at the extremnty, and emarginate, marked with longitudinal lines, and spotted with purple, having at the base a few purplish hairs, horizontal in its direction, after- wards erect, lower one pendent, smaller than the upper one, composed of 2 segments, united at their margins, ovate, incurved at the margin near the extremity, indistinctly lined and marked with a few small purplish spots near the base. The two inner and lateral segments are li- with and marked with lines of brown, scantily dotted near the base, where there are a few purple hairs, externally pubescent. fey Pid roundish, ovate, pendent, glabrous, much resembling = of eae Beneath this, at its base, are 2 short, lateral processes or filaments, to the side of each of which is attached a single, sessile, 2-lobed, orange-yellow anther ; its lobes rather unequal. Pollen yellow-brown, waxy. Stigma much smaller than the lobe above described, peltate, rounded, glabrous, pale yellow. This, the finest, without exception, of the known species belonging to that most singular and beautiful genus, Cypri- pedium, is a native of the same country as the C. venustum, namely Nepaul, and has many points in common with that species, among which the distichous mode of growth, and suc- culent nature of its leaves, are not the least remarkable. The truly excellent representation of this plant in the splen- did Collectanea Botanica of Mr LiNviEy, represents the leaves of C. insigne as much shorter than were those of my soo and differing also by being decidedly marked with Phe individual from which Mr LinpLEy’s figure and de- scription were taken, _Was, as well as my own, communicated by Mr SHEPHERD, from the Liverpool Botanic Garden, hla it was introduced from that of Calcutta, i in the year It flowers in the month of November, and the blossoms continue for a great length of time in perfection. Fig. 1. Under side of the Column of Fructification. Fig. 2. Upper view of the same. Fig. 3, Stamen, with its 2-celled Anther.—AU more or less magnified. ae | Ce a ° i * yr Lefecwiitiit Ven Mes LUM Gls. 35 CYPRIPEDIUM venvustum. Spotted Lady’ s-slipper. GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA.—Nat. Onn. ORCHIDES. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum ventricosum, inflatum (nunc saccatum). Colwmna postice terminata lobo petaloideo (stamine sterili) antheras distinguente. Petala duo antica, sepe connata—Br. in Hort. Kew. Cypripedium venustwm ; acaule, foliis lanceolatis equitantibus macula- tis, petalis lateralibus ciliatis, labello venoso, ore inflexo. C. venustum, Watiicn, MSS.—Bot. Mag. t. 2129. Leaves spreading in a distichous manner, sheathing, and equitant at the base, the rest oblongo-lanceolate, dull blueish-green, spotted and clouded with a deeper tint, the margins slightly recurved, cartilaginous at the edge, and minutely toothed at the extremity ; beneath, the leaves are of a fine purple, keeled in the centre, spotted with purple upon a green ground at the base. Scape scarcely exceeding the leaves in length, rounded, simple, pubescent, curved at the extremity. Bractea or spatha ovate, keeled, pubescent, green, purple at the back. Flower large, handsome, solitary, drooping. The two outer segments of the perianth slightly pubescent, white, with beautiful green parallel lines, the upper one broadly ovate, acute, slightly concave, concave, horizontal, after- wards nearly erect, the lower one composed of 2 united, pendent, ovato- lanceolate, acute sogmisite The 2 inner and lateral segments spreading, culated, the mouth open, the margin a little ‘auc ts eae pro- Jecting upward, the rest of pede oo a purple colour wickey exis dingy yellow-green, reticulated, the 3 purplish. Column of fructification short, terminated by a large, somewhat cebiate, fleshy, exposed lobe, green and beneath there are 2 lateral, h , green processes (filaments), upon each of which is an unequally 2-lobed orange-yellow is ovate, PP VOL. I ed with a waxy, deep yellow pollen. Stigma large, peltate, pale yellow- green, hid beneath the inflated sides of the lip. Germen inferior, oblong, trigonal, incurved, green, with purple lines. This was, unquestionably, till the introduction of the Cy- pripedium insigne, the handsomest and also the most rare of this interesting genus of Orchideous plants, and not a little re- markable for the variety of its hues, both on the leaves and flowers. The former are beneath of a fine dark purple, spotted at the base, and variegated with different shades of green. The outer segments of the corolla are also very dissimilar in form and colour from the inner ones, and the lip is again very unlike in its markings any of these. Our plant flowered in the stove of the Glasgow Royal Bo- tanic Garden, in the month of November, and continued seve- ral days in great beauty. It is a native of Nepaul, according to Dr Hamitron, where two other species have’ been found by the indefatigable collector employed by Dr WatLICH. To the latter we owe our living specimens, which thrive well in common earth, mingled with a small portion of peat, and plunged in the tan or sand. Fig. 1. Front view of the Column of Fructification ; a. The petaloid lobe ; 6, 6. The Anthers ; c. The back of the Stigma. Fig. 2. Under side of the Column ; a. Back view of the petaloid lobe ; 4, b. Lateral processes, __ beari Anthers ; c. Front view of the Stigma. Fig. 3. Anther— a . rac Myfiaiofeleay _ 36 EUPHORBIA nypericiro.ia. Hypericum-leaved Spurge. MONOECIA maaan ste (DODECANDRIA TRIGYNIA, Lina.) tT. Ono, KUPHORBIACE &. Gen. Cuar.—Flores masculi aloe ; femineus unicus, plerumque in eodem involucro monophyllo calyciformi octo vel decemdentato. Flores mas- culi pedicellati, nudi: Flos femineus pedicellatus, nudus, (rarissime pe- rianthio instructus). Styli tres, bifidi. Capsula tricocca, coccis mono- spermis. Euphorbia /ypericifolia ; erecta, glaberrima, foliis oppositis brevissime petiolatis oblongis acutiusculis serrulatis basi obliquis se corymbis axillaribus terminalibusque. E. hypericifolia, Livy. Amen. Acad. v. iii. p. 113. (excl. the syn. of Burm. Zeyl..—Wiup. Sp. Pl. vii. p. 895.—Arr. Hort. Kem. ed. 2. v. iii. p- 161. —Homs. et Kuntu, Nov. Gen. et Sp. vs ii. Tithymalus americanus, flosculis albis. Comm. Preis p- 60. t. 60. (fid- WiLLp). Whole plant perfectly glabrous. Root fibrous, annual (perennial? Humb-). Stem a foot or a foot and ahalf high, erect, rounded, dichotomous, slen- der, reddish-green, somewhat swoln at the joints. Leaves in rather dis- tant pairs, opposite, patent or deflexed, oblong rather obtuse, serrated, the unequal and semicordate, indistinctly marked with veins, of a deli- cate texture, and beautiful green colour. There are 2 ovate bifid stipules between each pair of leaves, sometimes bipartite. Corymbs axillary and terminal, pedunculated, crowded, furnished with a few small, opposite leaves. Partial stalks bracteated ; bracteas small, lanceolate, sometimes a little toothed. Involucres oblongo-turbinate, glabrous, obscurely striated, some terminating at the mouth in 4 rather large, petal-like, romaish pars white, patra tvth (Fig. 3). Others have only the 4 lanceolate, or ovato-lanceolate, erect, mem~ branaceous scales, wid os many Suen as ee PO These small ones are, however, sometimes terminated with a green gland, and have the rudiment of a white petal-like process beneath it (Fig- 2). The Involucre is within pubescent, sgn, aes increases in length, as the capsule advances in size, becomes curved, and exceeds considerably the length of the involucre.. Each lobe of the ger- men forms, when mature, a triangular, slightly punctated Coccus or Cap- sule, attached longitudinally to a central linear receptacle, from which it separates, bursting longitudinally with an elastic force, and flinging out ~ a single ovate, but somewhat triangular, brown Seed. Within the seed is a fleshy albumen, and in the centre a cylindrical Embryo, with its radicle directed towards the hilum. . An inhabitant of the West Indies ;—cultivated in Britain so early as 1727, by Mr P. Miiuer, and remarkable for the four pure white petal-like appendages to the involucre, which give to that part no very distant resemblance to the» minute flower of some cruciferous plant. It blossoms in September in our stoves, and dies away annually, after yielding an abundance of ripe seeds. We cultivated, in 1821, also from West Indian seeds, an individual very similar to this, but in which all the involucres were destitute of white processes, and its stem and leaves, especially beneath, were covered with short, rigid, ap- ressed hairs. Pp . : __ If Euphorbia hypericifolia be not deemed worthy of a place in this work, from the beauty of its flowers, it may de- serve it from the representation. and explanation which I have oneecia line of seein. shee the pedicel terminates, and the naked this situation Mr Brown has, in some instances, disco- vered the rudiments of a 3-lobed perianth. 37 OSBECKIA sretiata. Woolly-fruited Osbeckia. OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Onv. MELASTOMACEA, Br. Osbeckia stellata ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, calycis tubo pilis numero- sissimis fasciculatis densissime intertextis obsito. Osbeckia stellata, oe in Herb. Lamb. (according to Mr Don).—Don, in Bot. Reg. t. 6 Osbeckia crinita, Nai MSS. Stem, a foot or a foot and a half high, erect, eh BE cE reddish- Sreen, Covered with scattered appressed hairs. Leaves opposite, oblongo- lanceolate, Tigid, entire, clothed on all sides with numerous, short, ap- yellow. deep yellow, very long, curved nearly in the shape of the letter S, fur- towed on the top, opening by a single pore at the extremity. Pislid: sermen sunk within the tube of the calyx, with its lower part only incor- Porated with it, ovate, attenuated, but truncate at the top, hairy. Style about as long as the stamens, pale yellow, filiform, curved at the sum- mit; Stigma obtuse. This species of Osbeckia 1 had occasion to > mention — ing it as an inhabitant of our gardens. a ie VOL, I. HERD have raised this plant from seeds sent by Dr WaLLicu from Katmandu, and it flowered in their excellent establish- ment in October 1822. From a specimen communicated from Liverpool, the accompanying design was made. It is a much more beautiful species than O. nepalensis, having broader leaves, larger flowers, and these of a considerably brighter co- lour. As a species, it is distinguished by the thick, woolly- like substance which invests the calyx, and which suggested to Sir James E. Smirun its specific name of crinita. ss Since my figure was engraved, and the name of crznia written under it, and since the MS, was prepared for the press, this species has been well figured and described in the Botani- cal Register. TTo avoid confusion, I have altered the specific name upon the plate, and in the description, so as to corre- spond with that of Mr Don. T have specimens in my herbarium, both from Sir JAMES EK. Smrrx and Dr Wat icu. . Fig. 1. Calyx cut open, to shew the Pistil, Style, and the manner in which the Stamens are folded in the Calyx, before the expansion of the Corolla, Fig. 2. Stamens,—both magnified. wy [Y ,; / 1 KI 4 A SDD G4 , Gt, ‘ j NP PUL ALAA LT AAMAMAES CMH GAT HALT 38 ORNITHIDIUM coccrveum. Scarlet Ornithidium. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nart. Onv. ORCHIDE. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum sessile cucullatum cum basi columne connatum. Pe- tala conniventia. Masse pollinis 4, oblique, postice sulcate.-—Br. Ornithidium coccineum, Sauiss. in Hort. Soc. Trans. v. i. p- 203-—Br. in Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. p.210. . * Cymbidium coccineum, Wiiup. Sp. Pl. v. iv. p. 94—Bot. Mag. t. 1437. Stem frequently a foot or more in height, here and there beset with green oblong bulb-like processes, and with the brown sheathing bases of old leaves; the extremity alone producing a tuft of long, ensiform, flexuose, somewhat striated green Jeaves, whose base is swoln, and slightly gib- bous. From the axils of the /eaves arise several beautiful scarlet Flowers, borne upon long, solitary, drooping footstalks, which are jointed, and furnished with a long sheath at each joint, green, except beneath the flower, where the sheaths are red and swelled. _ Divisions of the perianth connivent, the 3 outer ones ovato-acuminate, very yellow, shorter than the lip, slightly curved, nearly horizontal, truncate at the extremity, furnished with a moveable lid (the Anther), like an operculum, and attached by a single péint behind ; this Anther is conical, obtuse and gibbous. If it be removed before the a eae nuated i into the footstalk. : ieee wii VOL. 1, = This is a plant of considerable delicacy and beauty. The green of its foliage is bright, the flowers of a brilliant scarlet colour, waxy texture, and a gracefully pendent form. It has the advantage, too, of being easily cultivated, and blossoming freely, if grown, like most other orchideous parasites, in a mix- ture of mould and,bark, and kept in a shady part of the stove. The Scarlet Ornithidium is a native of the West Indies, and in our Botanic Gardens commonly flowers in the Autumn and Winter. Fig. 1y Flower, with the lengthened germen. Fig. 2. Column and Lip. Fig. 3. Column, from which the anther is removed, shewing the Stigma, and the Pollen as left by the anther. Fig. 4. Outer view of the Anther. ~ Fig. 5. Inner view of the same, with the cells empty. Fig. 6. Two of the four Pollen-masses.—All more or less magnified. ad . ao sd Aw tia, Sa Mas os A ee ae ae se 7 Seen Ne ae gy eee aT ee ee ee ee Tae ee ee ee , 39 GOODYERA procera. Tall Goodyera. . = * GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Oav. ORCHIDEA. Gen. Cuar.—Corolla ringens ; petalis exterioribus anticis, labello inferne gibboso superne indiviso, suppositis. Columna libera. Pollen angula- tunr.—Br. Goodyera procera; caule folioso, foliis ovato-lanceolatis petiolatis, labello rotundato intus bi-tuberculoso glanduloso, petalis late ovatis. Neottia procera, WALLicu.—Bot. Reg. t. 639. Stem 14 foot higli(to 3 feet, according to Bot. Reg.), slender, flexuose, Leaves erecto-patent, ovato-lanceolate, acuminate, slightly waved at the margin, pale green, obsoletely 3 or 5 nerved, the central one or midrib keeled below, tapering downward into footstalks, which embrace the stem with their bases ; upper ones gradually smaller, sessile, and running into the bracteas. Spike from 4 to 6 inches long, of numerous sessile a each subtended by a lanceolate bractea, shorter than the Flowers white, small. Leaflets of the perianth Scilly arate, concave, the 3 uppermost ones connivent and united, the 2 lowermost free, patent. Lip very small, rounded, white, very gibbous at the base on the under- side, the apex spreading and recurved. The base within has numerous, rather large pellucid glands, and between them and the extremity are 2 ovate white tubercles. Column short, white, rounded at the back. Anther sunk into a hollow at the back of the stigma, ovate, deciduous, 2-celled, leaving upon the back of the stigma, when it falls, 2 club- shaped, bipartible, bright yellow pollen-masses, composed of granules co- hering in fours, and these pollen-masses fixed by their base to a gland at the point of the stigma, which, as in Goodyera repens, probably falls away with the pollen-masses. Germen oblong, slightly twisted. Stigma square, viscid, occupying almost the whole of the front of the column. This interesting species of Goodyera resembles very much, in the form of its flowers, the G. repens of the Flora Londi- nensis and Hortus Kewensis, and also the G. pubescens, so VOL: } * admirably delineated by Mr Linney in his Collectanea Bo- tanica. In neither of these plants, however, does there exist any remarkable peculiarity within the lip of their flowers, whereas in the present species, there are large, pellucid, elon- gated glands at the base, and 2 white tubercles near the extre- mity of that part. The leaves are very singular, also, in the G. procera, springing from the stem, andslengthened out into » a decided petiole at their base, which gives an aspect to thet whole individual very unusual in the Orchis tribe. Sent by Dr Wa uicu to the Botanic Garden at Liver- pool, and thence to me, in a flowering state, in the month of March 1822. The blossoms are quite destitute of scent. Fig. 1. Flower, with its bractea. Fig. 2. Lip and Column; a, The Anther ; b, The Sti Fig. 3. Back view of the Column, aftgt the removal of the Anther-case, shewing the 2 Pollen-masses, fallen upon the back of the Stigma. Fig, 4. Inside view of the Anther-case. 40 ASARUM anriro.ium. Arum-leaved Asarabacea. DODECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nart. Orv. ARISTOLOCHLE. Gen. Cuar.—Calyzx 3- seu 4-fidus, germini insidens. Corolla nulla. Pind sula coriacea, coronata. Asarum arifolium ; foliis subhastato-cordatis, calyee tubuloso, infra lim- bum brevissime trifidum coarctatum.—Mich. A. arifolium, Micuavx, Fl. Bor. Am. v.i. p. 279.—Punsu, Fi. of N. Am. v. ii. p- 596. ihtee cuadic tak ee SDP RIOR AELP and veined ; the limb is trifid, with the lobes recurved. The inside of the tubular part is velvety, and of a deep purple colour. Stamens 12 in number, surrounding and concealing the style; i. purplish, subulate, thick, having on each side, attached to nearly their whole length, a linear oblong cell of an anther. Pollen subquadrangu- lar. Germen scarcely at all inferior. Style short, thick, columnar, ter- minated by a stigma with 6, nearly erect, bifid rays, brownish, spotted with purple. At the back of each of these rays is an ovate, purple, fleshy gland or swelling. That this is the Aeerem arifolium of Mine there — be, I should think, no doubt, since it so fully accords with the character given of that plant in the Flora Boreali-Ame- ricana of that author. Living plants were sent to our garden from the Savannah by Mr Witson; and they flowered with us in the summer. a From the three species hitherto known of this genus, the present differs remarkably in the shape of its flower, which is singularly contracted below the limb. The leaves, too, are cu- riously spotted, like those of Cyclamen europeum. Fig. 1. Flower cut open longitudinally, to shew the Organs of Fructifica- tion. Fig. 2. Stamens. Fig. 3. Pollen. Fig. 4. Vertical section of the Germen. Fig. 5. Entire germen.—AU more or less magnified. ~S yaa Dailpt i 3 7 SH, tepyptl tll ae fC @& “> renee = Famer igor tinct —— nas raat cae Paige: ie @ie Rear St See TTR MARE eae Sy, OE Ree 41, 42. BROMELDIA patuipa. Pale-flowered Bromelia. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nat. Ono. BROMELIACE&, Juss. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. 3-fidus, superus. Petala 3. Squama nectarifera ad basin petali. Bacca trilocularis.—Hort. Kew Bromelia pallida; panicula laxissima patentissima, pedunculis bifloris, spathis supremis fertilibus, florem sequantibus, divaricatis—Kerr, in Bot. Reg. Bromelia pallida, Bot. Reg. t. 344. Tillandsia amzna, Lopp. Bot. Cab. t. 76. - Stem short, simple, wholly clothed with numerous, tesialy crowded, linear- lanceolate, channelled, patenti-recurved, dull blueish-green, thin, coria- ceous leaves, whose margins are sharply serrated, their bases broad and imbricated ; the largest of them 8 or 10 inches in length. Panicle terminal, taller than the leaves, cylindrical, branched ; branches dis- tant, patent, alternate, somewhat compressed, almost constantly two- ewing at their bases (except a few of the uppermost branches), ings deep rose-coloured, thin, ovate, concave bracteas or spathas. Si- milar bracteas sheath the base of the flowering-stalk ; these altogether, before the appearance of the flowers, are imbricated into a rich rose-co- loured or almost crimson spike, afterwards they become patent, deflex- ed, wr foe time the flower is fully expanded, they lose much of their , and soon after fall away. Flowers ities 2 and 3 inches in length, patent. Germen inferior, oblong, obtusely trigonous, marked with prominent lines, green, 3-celled, each cell with many ovules at the inner angles. Calyx shorter than the co- _ Tolla, forming a tube around it, of 3 linear oblong segments, pale green. Corolla also of 3 linear-lanceolate segments, conniving, so as to form a tube, slightly ventricose and hyaline below, the wid ote yellow-green, ex ces, which are yecurvet, and tipped wi cet Stamens 6, of equal length d about Filaments slender, ped, white, glabrous, inserted d into the very base of the corolla, just Where it forms a tube with the marginal summit of the germen, and sitieaa atotea. them at their cir base, a small, subquadrate, white tremity. Anthers linear-oblong, yellow. faceted es YOL, ¥. stamens, and a little exceeding the corolla, white below, green above, glabrous. Stigmas 3, variously curved, and somewhat twisted. = asin This interesting plant is seen in its greatest beauty, when, emerging from the crown of its dark lurid leaves, the panicle appears covered by the large, closely-imbricated, and brilliantly- coloured bracteas. For, no sooner has this panicle attained its full size, and the flowers have protruded themselves, than the fine colour disappears, the bracteas soon fall away, and the flowers themselves exhibit little or no vividness of hue to re- - commend them, except it be the deep blue tint which tips the extremities of the segments of its calyx and corolla. Mr LoppicEs appears to have first figured and described this plant in his Botanical Cabinet, under the name of Til- landsia amena. Mr Ker afterwards figured it in the 344th plate of the Botanical Register, with the appellation here adopted, from a weak plant, however, in which one of the flowers of each peduncle was wanting, from abortion. There is even in our specimen, an appearance, indicated by a short process at the summit of many of the pedicels, of a tendengy to ramify still more. Bromelia pallida flowers readily in the tan-pit, early in the winter. Plants of it were sent to my collection in Suffolk, five years ago, by my friends Messrs SHEPHERD of Liver- pool; and the same liberal cultivators have likewise communi- cated individuals to our Glasgow Botanic Garden, from which the fine specimen in the accompanying drawing was taken. It is mgood to be a native of South America. > ‘ Tap. 41. Plant, reduced to about 4d of the natural size, Tas. 42. Panicle, nat. size. Fig. 1. Flower, deprived of the calyx. Fig. 2. The same; deprived of the calyx and corolla. Fig. 3. Germen, cut through trans- versely. Fig. 4. The bases of 3 Stamens, to shew the scales alternating —— ee ee \ 1 : a Ds rt ca) | ayy yy Sa 14’) Se 4:3 DALEA BICOLOR. Two-coloured Dalea. DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.—Nart. Orv. LEGUMINOS#. Gen. Cuan.— Ale et Carina columne staminum adnate. Stam. 5-10, con- nate, absque filamento libero. Legumen ee ent. Dalea dicolor ; decandra, spicis terminalibus elongatis, foliis sins Jugis obovatis, caule fruticoso Dalea bicolor, Wu.up. Hort. Berol. v. ii. t- 89. A rather small, straggling, suffrutescent plant, with cylindrical branching slightly pubescent zig-zag stems. Leaves alternate, composed of 4 or 5 pairs of smallish obovate, obtuse, rather distant leaflets, and a terminal odd one ; these are furnished with a central rib, are slightly petiolated, and beneath with numerous distinct impressed dots, resembling green Corolla of 5 unequal petals. Vezillum ovate, straight, its sides deflexed, yellowish-white, with a long claw, which is, for the greater part of its length, at a considerable distance from the other petals. Ala oblongo- falcate, — to the carina, yelowish-whis the extremity vole mlinton Ge cee with the tube of the stamens ; om? cleft above at the base, and terminated in 10 filaments, each tipped with a deep anther, bearing yellow pollen. Germen ovil®; 2 pubescent, rising in part above the slit of the tube of the stamens; T° style concealed, for the greater portion of its length, by the stamens; VOL. I. . ee The genus Dalea has been confounded with Psoralea, from which it differs essentially in its monadelphous stamens, and in the tube of these stamens bearing the ale and carina. It has a still nearer affinity with Petalostemon, in which the petals are likewise adnate with the stamens, and in which, as well as in the present genus, the leaves are furnished with glands, but, besides that the point of their insertion is diffe- rent, Petalostemon has but 5, not 10, stamens. All the species of Dalea are natives of either North or South America: the present individual is indigenous to the latter country, where it was, if I mistake not, first detected by HumsBoupt and Bonrianp. It is, I believe, still rare in our gardens. The figures here given were made from fine spe- cimens communicated to me by Mr SHerHERD of the Liver- pool Botanic Garden, in the month of September 1822. Sania the seed-vesse]. Fig. 6. Seed-vessel, removed from the’Calyx. Fig. 7. Seed. Fig. 8. Embryo.—All more or less magnified. 4:4: LOBELIA micranTHa. Small-flowered Lobelia. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Onv. CAMPANULACES. Gen. Cuar.—Corolla tubo hinc fisso (rard integro); limbo ti OB Anthere connate. Stigma bilobum (nunc indivisum). laris (raro trilocularis), apice supero bivalvi—Herbee, vel Dfitim, gen reeque lactescentes. Folia alterna, integra vel laciniata, raro fistulosa. Flores racemosi, terminales vel axillares, solitarii, pedicellis bibracteatis vel nudis. Anthere sepius barbate.—Bnr. Div. I.—Pedunculi azillares uniflori. Herbacew. Lobelia micrantha; glabra erecta, caule acute triquetro, foliis ovato-ro- tundatis repando-dentatis subpetiolatis, pedunculis folio longioribus, capsula obovata. Root small, fibrous, annual. Stem 4~6 inches high, erect, acutely 3-angled, with the angles subulate, quite glabrous, sometimes simple, more fre- quently branched near the base, the branches spreading, from 1 to # inches in length. Leaves alternate ; the lower ones nearly orbicular, the upper ones broadly ovate, the supreme ones ovate, all glabrous or very slightly pilose above, with their margins repando-dentate, the base atte~ nuated into a shortish foot-stalk. - From the axils of the leaves, towards the upper part of the stem, arise the — ee about an inch Jong, and bearing single ‘ Cape gh sistas green, with 5 BT subulate segments. Corolla ex- sips Amen Gare aaa escent. — Tbe eylindviea, slit down hole ments of the calyx, and by the withered corolla ; opening by two fissures, one orf each side at the extremity, 2-celled. Seeds numerous, attached to a central spongy receptacle. A hitherto undescribed species, native of Nepaul, and com- ' Municated to our garden by the excellent Dr Wa..icu. I am not acquainted with any species of this genus with which the present can be confounded. It is clearly of the same family with the Lobelia cuneiformis, figured by La- BILLARDIERE in his Flora of New Holland, (the L. alata 8 of Brown), like that plant having axillary one-flowered pe- duncles, and a remarkably triquetrous stem. But tlie leayes and capsule, as well as the size of the whole, are widely diffe- rent; and the diminutiveness of the flowers in this species forms a striking character. I possess, in my herbarium, a Lobelia from the same country, in many respects nearly allied to this, but different in its pubescent stem and leaves, and in the vast- ly larger size of the inflorescence. The present species flowered in the stove of our garden, du- ring the autumn of 1822, and bore seeds freely. Fig. 1. Side view of a flower. Fig. 2. Upper view of the same. Fig. 3 Lower lip of the limb. Fig. 4. Stamens, enclosing the style. Fig. 5. Single Anther. Fig. 6. Summit of the style and stigma. Fig. 7- Cap- sule. Fig. 8. The same cut through transversely. Fig. 9. Section of the stem.—All more or less magnified. 4“ | + Gea 3 & : 7 A5 DONIA criaTa. Ciliated Donia. _ SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA.—Nat.- Oa. COMPOSITE. pies ap os E, Juss.—SY NANTHEREES Div. Astérers, Cassin. Gen. Cuar—Receptaculum nudum. Pappus setaceus, caducus? Calyx im~ bricatus, hemisphzricus.—Br. in Hort. Kew. Donia ciliata; foliis oblongis obtusis semiamplexicaulibus ciliato-serratis, laciniis calycinis linearibus planis, seto acuminatis, caule herbaceo— Nutt. i Donia ciliata, Nutra, in Journ. of the Academy of Nat. Sciences of Phila- delphia, vol. ii. (1821), p. 118. Root subfusiform, fibrous, biennial. Stem from 1 to 2 feet high (in its native country 4 or 5 feet), erect, branched, furrowed, glabrous, the branches ing from the axils of the leaves. Leaves from 2 to 4 inches long, oblong, obtuse, slightly concave, rigid, waved, gradually smaller upwards, the margins strikingly ciliato-serrate, the midrib strong, keeled at the base, and forming a swelling where it is inserted upon the stem; with indistinct lateral nerves. The whole substance of the leaf is beautifully aeaaee. pellucid veins, as may be seeri by holding it up against solitary, terminal upon the stems and branches, yellow, showy. In- volucres hemispherical, formed of numerous linear imbricated scales, of Evidently allied to the Donia squarrosa of Purs and of the Botanical Magazine, t. 1706, but differing from it, even at first sight, in its smaller flowers, and in the shorter scales of VOL, I. ; + are decidedly ciliato-serrate. There are, nevertheless, some points wherein the present plant does not agree with the genus Donia of Mr Brown, which is stated to have a “ caducous pappus;” and if, as Mr Brown is of opinion, Donia is the same with Grindelia of W1LLpENow, then there exists a farther disparity in the character of “ sete: 3-4;” the plant now under consideration having, assuredly, a pappus composed of many sete, which are not, either, as far as I could discover upon exa- mining a much advanced germen, at all caducous. Donia ciliata was discovered by Mr Nurrauu in the Ar- kansa territory of North America, growing on the alluvial banks both of the river Arkansa and of the Great Salt River, flower- ing from August to October. From seeds communicated by that gentleman to the Liverpool Botanic Garden, the specimen here delineated was raised. Mr Nutra observes, that there are few more desirable autumnal plants than the present, for the open border; and that in the garden belonging to the Uni- versity of Philadelphia, it proves perfectly hardy, as it will al- so probably do in this country. : Fig. 1. Portion of the Involucre and of the Receptacle, from which most of the florets have been removed. Fig. 2. Young perianth with its pappus- Fig. 3. Upper part of a central floret, shewing the Anthers and Stigma. Fig. 4. Seta of the Pappus. Fig. 5. Appearance of a portion of the leaf, when held up against the light—All more or less magnified. ‘ RD yplim ‘ Wy M1 Le L . : opie Lie Jit Ve 46 5 HEDYCHIUM spicatum. Spiked Garland-flower. MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. SCITAMINER, Brown.—C ANNE, Juss. Gen. Cuar.—Corolla tubo longo gracili, limbo duplice utroque tripartito, in- teriore resupinato. Capsula trilocularis, trivalvis. Semina numerosa, aril- lata. Embryo simplex, perispermo vitelloque instructus—Rorb. in Fl. Ind. Hedychium spicatum; floribus laxe spicatis, spathis obtusis unifloris, sta- mine labelli limbo rotundato emarginate breviore. Hedychium spicatum, Surru, in Rees’ Cycl—Bot. Mag. t. 2300. Stem of the plant which flowered in our stove between 3 and 4 feet high. © afoot or more in length, distichous, lanceolate, glabrous and dark green above, pubescent and paler beneath, slightly waved, with a central rib and several parallel oblique nerves, their bases furnished with long sheaths, and having an ovate, concave ligule, where the sheath joins on to the blade of the leaf. Spike of flowers terminal, from 6 inches to a foot in length, composed of many oblongo-ovate circumvolute, large, green bracteas, within each of which is always a single fragrant flower, having two delicate inner bracteas, veloping its base, and reaching a little above the outer bractea. Corolla of 3 very unequal segments, of these two are linear-spathulate and sp ing, the third a lip, having a short unguis or claw, and a very large or- biculate waved subcarinated emarginate lamina or border. Filament much shorter than the labellum, incorporated with the tube, thickish, grooved for the reception of the style and between the lobes of the oblong, yel- lowish 2-celled, and, at the base, 2-lobed Anther. _Germen obtusely trian- gular, green, glabrous, $-celled ; ovules attached to the centre. Siyle one side, two cyli upright (abortive sta- mens?). Stigma funnel-shaped, depressed in the centre, green, y fringed at its margin. This charming plant, which recommends itself no less by the size and beauty of its snow-white blossoms, than by their fragrance, which resembles that of the Common Jessamine, flowered in the stove of our Botanic Garden in the month of October 1822, from roots that we had received from Dr Wat- LICH. : We have, at*various times, been favoured with flowering specimens of this plant, from Messrs SHEPHERD of Liverpool, who named it Hedychium spicatum, under which appellation it is deseribed by Sir J. E. Smrra in Rees’ Cyclopedia. Although properly a stove plant, this species has endured the winter, and flowered in the open air, in the garden of Mr KENT, at Clapton; but from the specimen which thus blossom- ed, as figured in the Botanical Magazine, it will be seen how much inferior it is to our plant, the produce of the hot-house. It was discovered in Upper Nepaul by my kind and valued friend Dr Francis BucHANAN Hami.Ton of Leny House, and is called Wohutty Iwa in its native country, where it is much admired for its beauty and fragrance. It differs, in many respects, from the five species of Hedychium described in the Flora Indica (and the genus*appears confined to the Kast Indies), approaching perhaps, indeed, to the H. elatum of Mr Brown, in the Botanical Register, in the form of its flowers. The disposition of the blossoms in the spike, and the structure of the spike itself, are totally different ; and from every described individual, this may be known by its long slen- der tube, and its filament, so much shorter than the labellum. Fig. 7. Upper portion of a stamen, with the style forced from out of the groove.—All more or less magnified. eee ana ae eee ree i ey 47, 48 CANNA GIGANTEA. Tall Indian-Shot. MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nart. Onv. CANN. Gen. Cuar.—Anthera simplex, margini filamenti petaloidis affixa. Stylus spathulatus, adnatus tubo corollz: stigma lineare. Capsula 3-locularis, 3-valvis ; semina plura.—Roxburgh. Canna gigantea; foliis petiolatis oblongo-lancedlatis, perianthii limbo interiore trifido, laciniis ineequalibus una cum labello lineari-spathu- latis recurvo-patentibus. Canna gigantea, Repourr’, Liliaceés, v. vi. t. 331.—Bot. Register, t. 206. Canna patens, Rosc. in Linn. Trans. v. viii. p. 338. This truly magnificent species throws up many stems from the same root, which reach to the height of from 6 to 8 feet, and are formed of the long sheathing bases of the leaves. The Jeaves themselves vary somewhat in form, and remarkably in size, upon different parts of the stem; the lower- most ones being two feet in length and petiolated; thence, as they pro- ceed upwards, they gradually become smaller and broader, so that the uppermost leaves are almost cordate, and not above 6 inches long ; the whole are of a most beautifully vivid green, with numerous parallel trans- Sie 1d, nerves springing from the central rib. s The flowers, of four inches or more in length, are terminal, racemed, the main stalk concealed by two long sheathing bracteas, green, with a brown edge ; the pedicels, which spring always in pairs, are are likewise furnished with small ovate bracteas, which soon wither and fall off : Calyx of 3 ovato-lanceolate, pale vellowiab great segments, having a purple ‘Spot at their base. Corolla orolla almost wholly of one uniform scarlet colon, tubular, foumed of a double limb, of which the outer one consists of ® and embracing with its base, the linear spathulate, truncate, viscid style, Which is of the same colour as the rest of the flower. VOL. 1. 3 ee ee In this genus, as in the Orchis tribe, the labellum is merely one of the divisions of the perianth, or corolla, which generally takes a strikingly different form from the rest of the segments. In the present instance it is otherwise ; for, both in its direction and figure, it is almost the exact counterpart of the other seg- ments of the perianth, as may be se@h at Fig. 1. & 2. of Tab. 48. In this species, too, as in C. patens, and pxgbably all the indi- viduals of the genus which are said to have a trifid interior limb of the corolla, two, out of the three segments, are united half-way up from below, as if in reality they formed but one segment split at the extremity, as may be observed at Fig. 2. of Tab. 48. 3 M. DEsronvaINEs appears, according to REDOUTE, to be the first person who described this species in the Catalogue of the Paris Botanic Garden; and the last-named able artist has given a splendid figure of it in his Plantes Liliacées, from the description to which we learn, that although it had been introduced a considerable number of years ago into the gardens about Paris, yet that its native place of growth was unknown. The same remark is made by Mr Gaw er in the Botanical Register; and unfortunately I am not able to fill up the blank in the history of this species. — Our plants were received from Mr SHEPHERD of Liver- pool: they flowered readily with us in November, and again in the February following, and make a far more striking appeat- _ ance, not only from the form and bright beauty of their foliage, but also from the size and colour of their flowers, than any other species of the genus, the very rare C. iridiflara alone ex- excepted. “They have, however, the inconvenient fault of re- _ quiring a great deal of room. been removed ; a, Point of insertion of the calyx ; 6, Point of insertion of the exterior limb of the corolla; ¢, c,c, The three segments of the inner limb of the corolla; d, The labellum ; e, The stamen ; f, The style— A é, Vida ahd b ga Le bE it ¥ De oi L es vA iz a 49 SAXIFRAGA tieuLaTa. Fringe-leaved Saxifrage. ‘DECANDRIA DIGYNIA—Nart. Orv. SAXIFRAGEE. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx quinquefidus, persistens. Petala quinque. Capsula bi- rostrata, unilocularis. Semina numerosa. Saxifraga ligulata; acaulis, foliis petiolatis coriaceis late-obovatis retusis ciliatis, scapo brevi parce bracteato, panicula cymosa. S. ligulata, Watutcu, in Asiat. Res. v. xiii. (with a figure)—Don, in Linn, Trans. vy. xiii. p. 348. Megasea ? ciliata, Haw. Saxifrag. Enum. p. 7. Root long, thick, perennial, woody and knotted, towards the upper extremity covered with the brown sheathing bases of the former years’ leaves, and from the lower part throwing out rather long branching fibres. Leaves all springing from the summit of this root, spreading, 5 or 6 inches in length, obtuse at the base, retuse at the extremity, their margins some- what reflexed, most beautifully and strongly ciliated with rigid, whitish hairs : the substance of the leaf coriaceous, the upper surface of rather a deep green, marked with depressed nerves, the under side paler, with prominent nerves. Petiole * about an inch, or an inch and a half long, terete, or slightly compressed, at the base broad and sheathing, the upper part of the sheath running up into an elongated process, like the ligule of a grass (whence I presume Dr Watticn’s specific name), and this process, like the margin of the leaf, ciliated. — ba ie Scape from 5 to 7 inches high, erect, flexuose, terminated by a cymose pa- nicle of large white or pale rose-colored flowers. At the base of the map branches is a single, large, cymbiform bractea, green, ciliated towards extremity, and having sometimes a fleshy mucro at the back. Calyx cup-shaped, very obtuse at the base, reddish, with 5 dull green, erect lobes. Corolla of 5 large waved petals, spreading, clawed, the claw short, always rose-colored, inserted upon the calyx between the lobes and up- _on the same point with the 5 short stamens. Stamens 10, €1 upon the calyx, 5 at the base of the | and 5 at the sinuses; Fila- ments erect, alternately shorter, rose-colored, the taller ones as long as flesh-colored, oblong, with 2 longi vided almost to the base. Stigmas 2 This interesting and rare Saxifrage has been sent to Dr Wa tticu, from Katmandu, by the Hon. Colonel GarDNER, (the individual to whom I am indebted for many of the most valuable subjects figured in my Musci Ewotici),” and by Mr Situ from Sylhet, in the year 1819. The liberal Director of the Calcutta Botanic Garden, forwarded it in a living state to Mr Sueruern of Liverpool, from the valuable collection of plants under whose care, it was sent to me in flower, in Janua- ry 1823. The accompanying figure was taken from those spe- cimens, aided by an accurate sketch of the growing plant, also sent by Mr H. SHEPHERD. There is a striking resemblance between this plant and the Saxifraga crassifolia of Siberia; but, besides the different shape of their leaves, the margins of those of S. ligulata are singularly ciliated, and the flowers are larger and more showy, not being very dissimilar in form and hue from a cluster of the blossoms of the crab-apple. The structure of the inflorescence, indeed, 3 is the same with that of S. crassifolia, and its pe- culiarities have given rise, in conjunction with the whole ha- bit of the plant, to the formation of a new genus, Bergena of Menca, Geryonia of Scnranck, and Megasea* of Ha- WORTH. Mr Fea wits, without being aware that this species was described by the excellent Watticn, bestowed on it the ex- pressive appellation of ciliata, The name by which this plaut is conn at Nepaul is Shanpe-Soak ; at Katmandu it is called Afia Torongsing: Surely the Megasea cordifolia, and M. media of Mr Ha- WORTH, must be considered as mere varieties of BZ. crasst- Jolia._ Tf such be the case, this family or genus only consists of Saxifraga crassifolia and S. ligulata. The blossoms of this eee diffuse a very —S prim- rose-like scent. Fig. 1. Flower, from which the petals are removed. Fig, 2. Pistil. Fig. 3: Portion of the calyx, to shew the point of insertion of the Petals and Stamens.—All more or less magnified. * Cal. campanulato-5-lobatus, inferne melliferus. Pet. 5, persistentia. Stam. calyci Bergman te toto Germen superum. Capsule birostratze basi solum coalite- SS 50 EPIDENDRUM notays. Drooping-flowered Epidendrum. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nart. Orv. ORCHIDEL. Div. Anth. terminalis mobilis decidua. Masse pollinis demum cereacew. Gen. Cuar.—Columna cum ungue labelli longitudinaliter connata in tabum (quandoque decurrentem ovarium). Masse pollinis 4, parallele, septis completis persistentibus distincte, basi filo granulato elastico aucte.— Br. Epidendrum natans; caule simplici, foliis oyato-lanceolatis amplexi- caulibus; floribus subspicatis nutantibus, lamina labelli triloba, lobo intermedio tridentato.—Sw. Epidendrum nutans, Swartz, Fi. Ind. Occ. p. 1499—Wixp. Sp. Pl. p. 117- —Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. p. 209.—Bot. Reg. t. 17. Root, according to Swartz, of several thick, filiform, long, white fibres. Stem from 1 to 2 feet high, about the thickness of one’s little finger, erect, or horizontal when growing from the trunks of trees, simple, nearly cylindrical, yellowish-green, almost formed by the sheathing bases of the leaves, Leaves oblongo-lanceolate, thick, fleshy, dark green, distichous, scarcely striated, rather acute, sheathing and amplexicaul at the base. Spike of flowers large, handsome, terminal, from 6 to 8 inches long, some- times branched, the branches divaricated, flexuose. There are 3 or 4 large marcescent braclee towards the base of the common flower-stalk, and smaller ones at the base of each flower, which, however, soon fall away. The color of the flowers is one, almost entirely uniform, pale yellow-green, the column and the labellum only being of a more yellow or lemon colour. : Segments of the Perianth spreading, soon reflexed, the 3 outer ones oblongo- spathulate, uniform; the 2 inner or lateral ones almost linear, obtuse. firmly united with the under side of the column, the lamina only being free ; this is rather large, horizontally Aleflexed, 3-lobed, the two lateral lobes the largest, rounded, the intermediate three, toothed; the shorter than the segments of the perianth, standing out nearly eee re tally, clavate, 2-lobed at the extremity, with a sinus at the top for ° | VOL. I. 3 ) reception of the Aniher. This is dvate, notched at the extremity, yel- lowish-brown, convex, deciduous, 4-celled. When this anther falls away, the 4 pollen-masses, collected into an ovate bright yellow mass, are seen lodged in the hollow of the sinus, just above the concave stigma: when separated, each pollen-mass is observed to be oblong, attached by one ex- tremity to a rather thick, filiform, yellow, granulated, elastic pedicel, which is bent under, and lies parallel with it. Germen oblong, striated, slender, tapering into a rather long filiform footstalk. This fine plant, whose flowers, in addition to their singu- larity and beauty, are highly fragrant on the approach of even- ing, was sent to me in the month of January 1822, from the stove of the Liverpool Botanic Garden, by Mr H. SuerHerp. It was received at that Institution from Messrs Loppices of Hackney, under the name of Hpidendrwm nutans, and appears in every essential particular to accord with the description of Swartz. But it seems to differ in some respects from the figure so termed in the Botanical Register, especially in the color of the flower and the form of the labellum. The analysis of the inflorescence represented’in the annexed plate, will sufficiently illustrate Mr Brown’s admirable cha- racter of the genus. ; Eipidendrum nutans was introduced into this country 2 1793, from Jamaica, (where it is, as its generic name implies, 4 parasite upon trees), by Rear-Admiral B1iGu, along with many others of the same family, from that island. In its native country, October is the season of its flowering. 7 «Sse VEE Ve AIM pd. is y a4 51 CYMBIDIUM LANCIFOLIUM. Sword-leaved Cymbidium. ‘ GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nat. Onp. ORCHIDEE. Dw. a terminalis, mobilis, decidua. Masse pollinis demum cereacet.— Gen. Cuar.—Labellum ecalcaratum, concavum, cum basi (simplici nec pro- | ducta) columne articulatum. Petala patentia, distincta: Massa pollinis duo, po8tice bilobe.—Br. Cymbidium lancifolium; foliis radicalibus lancéolatis nervosis basi atte. nuatis, scapo tereti paucifloro, labello oblongo apiee recurvato ma- culato. Root composed of large, cylindrical, fleshy fibres. Leaves springing from the root in small fascicles, from 8 inches to a foot in length, lanceolate, waved, cute, striated, rather fleshy, tapering down for a great way into very narrow bases, which are surrounded for a con- siderable part of their length with large brownish, imbricated, striated, acute sheaths. oc Gistiieindedes uently in from the summit on Nae at Gt Dandie a ae ee but smaller, imbricated and convoluted sheaths, rather shorter than the leaves, erect, cylindrical, very pale green, bearing about 4 or 5 mode rately sized flowers. Germen so long and slender as to appear like a footstalk, | semiterete, pale ee in etn netsh et oy rc and central rose-colored line or band, which does not reach, however, _ quite to the summit. articulated with the base of the column, erecto-patent, oblong, almost white on the under side, but spotted at the base ; ingen oar en longitudinal elevated ridge, with a deep furrow on the top, 3-lobed, ¢ pied ili thes ace sic joeet a tale VOL, 1 Column nearly as long as the lip, semiterete, curved forwards, white on the outside, spotted with red towards the base within ;—near the summit of the inner face is a subquadrate cavity which forms the stigma _(Fig. 2. b.), and, at the very summit, is the hemispherical, obtusely 2-lobed, yellow, moveable Anther, containing within it two roundish, compressed, yellow, cereaceous pollen-masses, affixed by their base to a small white elastic gland on one side of the margin of the anther. The upper sides of these pollen-masses are seen to have two smaller appendages or lobes, of the same texture as the rest of the pollen-mass. A native of the East Indies, thence transmitted by Dr Watticu to Messrs SHePHERD of the Liverpool Botanic Garden, by whom a*fiowering plant of it was sent to me in May 1822. Dr Wat icu had attached a name to it, but this being accidentally lost during the voyage, I have ventured to affix one which is expressive of the character that must distin- guish this species from its very near allies, Cymbidium ensifo- lium, and C. sinense. With the lattePit approximates the most, but is very widely removed from it by the form and texture of its foliage. From the former it differs not only in the leaves, which are far broader, and more sensibly attenuated at the base and extremity, but also in the flowers, which, in the pre- sent individual, have their three outer segments considerably the narrowest, are of a whitish, not green, hue, and are also destitute of the numerous red lines, with which all the five equally broad petals of C. ensifolium are alike marked. Fig. 1. Column of fructification and Lip of a flower. Fig. 2. Upper part of the Column ; shewing a, the Anther, 6, the Stigma. Fig. 3. Anther re moved, and turned up, so as to display the attachment of the two Pollen- masses within. Fig. 4. Upper side of the two Pollen-masses—All more __ or less magnified. an a eee oe aie — pre: . i = ”" 3 : / | 4 g. ~ 7 aa ) resets so fetid ft or ae Ned § oy 52 : TRICHOMANES eExeeans. Elegant Bristle-Fern. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Nar. Onv. FILICES, Div. Grnata, Br. Gen. Cuar.—Sori marginales. Capsule sessiles, receptaculo communi cy- ‘ lindraceo inserta, intra Involucrum monophyllum, suburceolatum, ore hiante, textura frondis.—Br. Trichomanes elegans; frondibus sterilibus lanceolatis pinnatifidis incisis, fertilibus linearibus involucris pinnatis. Trichomanes elegans, Rupe, Pl. Guian. p. 24 t. 35—Witv. Sp. Pl. v. 5. p- 503. ‘This singular plant has no apparent caudex; its rather stout, wiry, brown, almost simple, longish fibres spring immediately from the base of wasp fronds. Sterile fronds 4 or 5 inches in length, lanceolate, acuminate, gradually taper- ing below into a short, dark-colored hispid stipes, cut deeply at the margin into several, rather closely placed, oblong, obtuse segments, whic are bluntly-toothed, and most so at the extremity. The texture is thin and delicate, minutely reticulated, the color dark green ; through the centre runs a hispid rachis, and the segments have a central and several lateral parallel forked nerves. Fertile frond or spike about four inches in length, placed upon a long pe duncle ; the Involucres arranged in a regularly pinnated manner, about - , hae the slightly curved, the mouth open. Receptacle half as long again as! involucre, filiform ; its lower half covered with small, brown, shining capsules, sessile on their own base, having a complete, elastic, jointed, transverse ring, and bursting irregularly for the discharge of the seeds. Beautiful as are ‘the individuals, in general, of the genus. Trichomanes, this, in my opinion, excels them all, and amply deserves the specific name which has been appropriated to it. No species but the present, as far as I am aware, has the in- volucrum placed in spikes, on a stalk distinct from the com- mon appearance of the fronds; nor has it apparently been known to any author but Mr Rupe, by whom it is published, VOL. I. as a native only of Guiana, in his fine work on the plants of that country, and where so excellent a figure and description of it are given, as leave no doubt of its identity with the pre- sent plant. It was, therefore, particularly gratifying to me to receive, amongst a great number of other botanical rarities, a very per- fect specimen of Trichomanes elegans, from the Island of St Vincents, in the West Indies, transmitted by my friend the Reverend Lanspowne Guiipine, F. L. §., whose passion for natural history, in all its departments, and for zoology in particular, has induced him to collect materials for a Fauna of the West Indies, which he informs me is already in a consi- derable state of forwardness. Fig. 1. Pinna of a sterile frond. Fig. 2. Portion of the same, to shew its iculation. Fig. 3. Portion of the spike of fructification. Fig. 4 Re- ceptacle, with its capsules. Fig, 5. Single capsule—Al more or less magnified. ea ~ AN YN ™ bie. wm © & « ~ > SSS SS S sa . ve a Ne ces S SS \ ~ A a! mS S SS ae . | 53 CANNA unpica, var. maculata, Indian Shot: spotted-flowered variety, MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. CANN. Gen. Cuar.—Anthera simplex, margini filamenti petaloidis affixa. Stylus spathulatus, adnatus tubo coroll ; stigma lineare. Capsula trilocularis, trivalvis, semina plura.—Roxburgh. Canna indica; foliis petiolatis anguste-ovatis, corolle limbo interiore tri- fido, laciniis inzequalibus lanceolato-spathulatis acutis erectis, labello lineari recurvato. C. indica, Roscor, in Linn. Trans: v. viii. p. 338.—AITON, Hort. Kew. ed. 2, v. i. p. 1. 8. Floribus flavis rubro-maculatis. Plant 4 feet or more in height ; stems erect, simple. Leaves about 8 inches long, ovate, or somewhat inclining to lanceolate, acuminate at the point, and tapering down into a more or less sheathing footstalk at the base. The upper leaves broadly oval. Flowers in a scarcely compounded terminal raceme. Pedicels hardly any. Bracteas ovate, greenish. Germen subglobose, green, Ca- lyx of 3 greenish, ovate, erect leaflets, pale at the margin. Exterior limb of the corolla of 3 lanceolate, acuminated, carinated. nts, of a red- dish-brown colour, green at the extremity. Inner limb of the corolla having the upper lip of three erect, une between lanceolate and spa- thulate, acute, entire segments, of a yellow color, spotted with red: the intermediate segment the narrowest. linear, revolute, spotted like the labellum, yellow, with a few spots of red, erect, revolute only at the extremity. Anther linear, yellow. Style linear, erect, of one uniform tawny colour. Formerly, every individual of this genus which was culti- vated in our gardens, went under the ion of Canna in- dica; now, this name is scarcely so much as spoken of, and the true species thus designated seems to be almost unknown. | By the true species, I would be understood to mean weiss | N VOL.-1, * Mr Roscok, who first bestowed on C. indica, in the 8th vo- lume of the Linnean Transactions, a character by which it may be distinguished from its congeners; and I have the sa- tisfaction of being able to say, that on Mr Roscor’s inspec- tion of the accompanying figure, he pronounced it to be a spot- ted flowered variety of his Canna indica, the original colour of which is wholly scarlet. The rarity of the individual in que- stion must plead my apology for introducing i in this work a va- riation from the common type of a species,—a practice that will be avoided, in futute, as much as possible. _ What plant was originally intended by Linnavs to bear the name of Canna indica, will now, perhaps, be never pre- cisely determined ; or rather, if one may judge from his refe- rences, that author had, more probably, no one particular species in view. Mr Arron, in the first edition of the Hortus Kew- ensis, included four species, according to Mr Roscor, under that name. In the second edition, Mr Roscor’s C. indica is taken up, and his specific character adopted ; but there is a re- ference to a figure in REpourr’s Plantes Liliacées (t. 201.), which, having but two segments to the inner linib of the co- rolla, cannot belong to this plant, and which, though not quo- ted by Mr Srms in the Botanical Magazine, seems to me exactly to correspond with C. speciosa (t. 2317.) of that work. The Messrs SHerHern have lately informed me, that not even in their rich collection of Scitamineous plants at Liver- pool, are they sure of possessing, at this time, the true C. i- _ dica ; and that the present variety was quite unknown to them, as well asto Mr Roscoe. ge Fig. EE cone dhe ge Fig. 2. Germen and calyx. Fig. 3. Outer limb the corolla, nck 4. Flower deprived of the ey and outer limb.— Me the ntl oe aie bay, © nr) o et Bi: Bi) Wy q/ tea Reei3 2 Q) C= 54 : * CARDAMINE resepiro.ia. Mignonette-leaved Lady’s Smock. * TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA.—Nat. Orv. CRUCIFERZ. . Gen. Cuar.—Siliqua linearis marginibus truncatis: sagen ee enervibus os sepius dissilientibus), disser Br. in Hort > Cardamine resedifolia; foliis inferioribus indivisis, superioribus triparti- tis pinnatisve stipulatis.—Br. C. resedifolia, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 913.—Jacg. Austr. App. t. 21—Wittp. Sp. Pi. v. iii. p. 482.—Brown, in Hort. Kem. ed. 2. v. iv. p. 104.—De Cann. Regn. Veg. Syst. v. ii. p. 250. Root small, and apparently annual, as it is stated in Hortus Kewensis to be: yet said by ALxionr to be biennial, and by WiLLDENow perennial. Stems one or more from the same root, erect, slightly zig-zag, simple, from 2 to 4 inches high, glabrous. leaves broadly ovate, upon long footstalks, undivided and entire ; the rest more shortly petiolated, more or less deeply pinnatifid, with from 3 to 7 lobes, the terminal lobe generally the largest, and glabrous ; Sometimés the lateral lobes are so Small that the leaves appear only in- Flowers in small corymbs, white. - Calyx of 4 ovate, glabrous, erect eaflets. Corolla of 4 obovate, somewhat unguiculate marked Stamens 6, ynamous. Ps » CO= Valves bursting from below elastically. Seeds numerous, broadly ovate, almost orbicular, compressed. : A pretty little alpine plant, not uncommon upon moist rocks in the mountains of Switzerland and Savoy, marine on the Pyrenees ; but of rare occurrence in our gardens, where ode would be well suited to ornament rock-work. . _ Mr Sueruerp was kind enough to co e the dimen her fgured rom Livero) inthe math of Jane . VOL. 1. De CanDoLLé mentions the affinity of this species with the Cardamine bellidifolia; which is distinguished by its un- divided upper leaves, with very_long footstalks, and that author even doubts if the present individual may not prove a luxuriant variety of it. * Fig. 1. Plants, nat. size. Fig. 2. Single flower. Fig. 3. Pistil. Fig. 4. Petal. Fig. 5. Pod with one of the valves springing back and shewing the arrangenient of the seeds. Fig. 6. Single seed. Fig. 7. Embryo.— All more or less" magnified. aS ree ee fifo jP eae eles 2 LLL AA, SEL he Eng? by J. Swan Glasgow: 55 POTHOS viotacka. Violet-fruited Pothos. TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIAs—Nat. Onn. AROIDES. Gen. Cuarn.—Spatha monophylla. Spadix cylindraceus, undique floribus tectus. Perianthium tetraphyllum. Bacca di-tetrasperma. Pothos violacea; foliis ovato-oblongis utrinque acutis reticulato-venonis trinervibus coriaceis subtus punctatis, spatha ovato-lanceolata acumi- nulata reflexa spadice breviore, pedunculo tereti. Pothos violacea, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. v. i. p. 270.—Wittp. Sp. Pl. v. i. p- 685.—Arr. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. i. p. 268.—Hums. et Kunru, Nov. Gen. v. i. p. 63. t. 19. This appears to be a climbing parasitical plant in its native forests. Stems, in our stoves, reaching to the height of 2 or 3 feet, slightly branched, knotted, throwing out from various parts of their whole length thickish fleshy roots, and sheathed, especially the younger shoots, with long nar- row green stipules, which remain withered, brown and lacerated, for a considerable time. Leaves alternate, about 5 inches long, ovato-oblong, acute at each extremity, marked with 3 nerves, the lateral ones obscure, and these connected by reticulated nerves ; coriaceous, dark green, paler and dotted beneath. Petioles about an she long, cylindrical, thick. Spadix axillary, or rather arising from the base of the petiole, scarcely an inch in length, cylindrical, situated upon a peduncle about as long as it~ self, and furnished at the base with a spatha shorter than itself, ovato- es acuminulate, reflexed, and with its margins decidedly re- Stigma with a longitudinal groove, spreading. Berries sta he bn ihe eae he ernest po hed VOL. I. which is now much elongated, purple, semipellucid, depressed at the top, and erect with a small scar, the remains of the stigma: 2-celled, 4-seeded. Seeds (as far as I can judge) pendent, attached to a large pulpy central receptacle, oblong, convex on one side, nearly plane on the other. Integument crustaceous, but covered with a soft white coat, spotted in lines minutely with red. Albumen fleshy. Embryo oblong, = thickened and greenish at one extremity. The genus Pothos seems to be almost wholly confined to the warmer parts of South America. ‘The present species is an inhabitant of the West Indian Islands; and if the refe- rence to AUBLET, given in WILLDENOW, be correct, of Guia- na also. Brown met with it in Jamaica, in the woods about St Ann’s Bay, where, he says, it sticks very close to the trunks of whatever trees it grows upon. SwArrz gathered it upon the high mountains of the same country, and the celebra- ted travellers MM. Humsoipt and BonrLanp, between Carthagena de Indias and Mahates, in New Granada, flower- ing in October. I must observe, however, that the figure in the Nova Genera et Species Plantarum represents both the leaf-stalk and the pe- tioles of the spadix as considerably longer than in our cultiva- ted specimen. In our stoves, the Pothos violacea grows readily in com- mon soil, with a piece of stick set up in the pot, for its roots to strike upon, as in the parasitic and orchideous plants. It bears flowers and ripe fruit at the same time during the great- er part of the year; the former’are inconspicuous, from their reenish color and diminutive size, the latter remarkable for their delicate semitransparent and purple hue. wk. : Fig. 1. Portion of a plant, nat. size.” oo Fig. 3. Single flower. Fig. 4. Leaflet of the perianth, with a stamen. Fig. 5. Stamen. Fig. 6. Germen. Fig. 7. Berry. Fig, 8. Section of a Berry: Fig. 9. Seed. Fig. 10. ee , nlalamd AIL DS? P sages 4 otal 7 4 4 Bap tty f Sera Fra mgense 56 ; OPHIOGLOSSUM perio.atum. Petiolated Adder’s-Tongue. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Nat. Orv. FILICES. Gen. Cuar.—Capsule nude in spicam articulatam disticham connate, uni- loculares, transverse dehiscentes, bivalves.—W. Ophioglossum petiolatwm; spica caulina longe pedunculata, fronde ovato- acuminata laxe reticulata, basi longe attenuata. Root consisting of several whitish, simple, fleshy, flexuose fibres. Stipe 3 or 4 inches long, erect, flexuose, bearing a single terminal ovato-lanceolate, acuminate, waved, thin, membranaceous leaf or frond, which, when dry, is seen to be marked with large, oblong reticulations, which are scarcely visible in the living plant; the base of this frond is suddenly contracted into a narrow channelled kind of footstalk. Spike originating from the base of the channelled petiole, pedunculated ; pe- duncle longer than the stipes, slender, erect, cylindrical ; spike itself li- near-lanceolate, compressed, consisting of numerous, distichous, coadunate spherical capsules, which in age burst transversely and contain a globu- lar mass of minute, yellowish granules. _ Living individuals of this species of Adder’s-tongue, at- tached to the roots of some plants from the West Indies, were received at the Liverpool Botanie Garden, whence Messrs SHEPHERD forwarded some excellent specimens to me, with the name of O. ovatum of Wi1LLDENOow annexed to them. With the description of this author, the present individual, indeed, in some respects ; but Bory DE St ViINcENT, who found it in the Isle de Bourbon, and who is it differs from the European O. in having a short- ly pedunculated spike, which hardly exceeds the length of the frond ; whereas one of the striking of the pre- VOR. I. es that of the stipes. The whole plant is more slender, its frond far narrower, and much more acuminated than that of O. vulgatum. The reticulation of the leaf, which is chiefly apparent in the dried specimen, exists equally in both species. The figure of Rumpuivs, in the Herbarium Amboinense (v. 6. t. 68. f. 2.) which is cited by WILLDENOW, as a syno- nym to his O. ovatum, seems scarcely different from O. vulga- tum, the shape of its frond being almost precisely similar. Fig. 1. Plant, natural size, drawn from the living individual. Fig. 2. Figure drawn from a dried specimen ; and, Fig. 3. Barren frond, natural size. Fig. 4. Portion of a spike. Fig. 5. Cluster of seeds. Fig. 6, Seeds. More or less magnified. ae as 4 _ of | ef efvan Daal. | a | Digent a jp . fp Lo pola tl ay ¢ | 57 BEGONIA vtmiro.ia. Elm-leaved Begoma. MONGCIA POLYANDRIA.—Nar. Onp. BEGONIACEZ, Bonpl. De Cand. - Gen. Cuar.—Mas. Cal.0. Corolla polypetala. Petala, plerumque quatuor, inequalia. Fam. Cal. 0. Corolla petalis 4-9, plerumque inequalibus. Styli tres, bifidi. Capsula triquetra, alata, trilocularis, polysperma. Begonia ulmifolia, Wittp. Sp. Pl. v. iv. p. 418.—Pens. Syn. Pl. v. ii. p. 564. Haw. Sazifr. Enum. 1821, p. 197. ‘ Stem two feet or more in height, declined, herbaceous, green, succulent, branched, beset with a few soft scattered hairs, which are deciduous be- low. Leaves large, handsome, alternate and distichous, petiolate, with large ovate stipules at the base, obovato-oblong, acute, unequal, in their lower half duplicato-dentate ; very glossy above, furrowed with veins, hispid with soft white hairs, deep green ; below paler, the nerves promi- nent, furnished with a few soft hairs. Petioles very much shorter than the leaves, green, hispid. ° Peduncles arising from the axils of the superior leaves, 4 to 6 inches in length, yet shorter than the leaves, twice forked at the extremity, each ramifica- tion bearing an umbel of mixed male and female flowers ; every general and partial flower-stalk is furnished with an ovate, membranaceous brac- tea, resembling the stipules. , Male flowers rather large, showy, white, or tinged with rose color, com~ posed of 2 rounded, nearly plane, spreading petals. Anthers numerous, yellow, united at the base. Filaments rather long. Female flowers with a germen, which is triangular, pilose, and trialate, wings unequal ; oper of them very large, white, veined, with a protruded, rather acute point ; the two others green, short, very obtuse. Corollas of 4 unequal, 2 small and ovate, and 2 large and rounded, white petals. Styles 3, bifid, curved : Stigmas 2-lobed ; all of them glanduloso-punctated, yellow-green. This Begonia, appropriately enoug named ulmifolia ie WILLDENow, makes a very handsome appearance im oor | stove, with its large glossy, distichous, luxuriant tag oo its delicate, pale rose-colored flowers, which have bright = stamens. VOL. I. 0 It is a native of South America, and was first cultivated in this country, as it, appears, by Mr LoppicEs, previous to the year 1820. It flowers in December, at which season the specimen here represented was sent to me by my kind friend Mr H. SueruHerp. To the same excellent cultivator, our Botanic Garden is likewise indebted for the possession of this species. Fig. 1. Male flower. Fig. 2. Stamen. Fig. 3. Female flower. Fig. 4. Style and stigmas.—All magnified. SARE a OT eT RT Nee TE EDT kT eke Meer any ate eee ree RE gp EA AN Te STE ee ee ee OT eC ey ‘ : Lee : rT es soe * a ee ee re ee Pere ee 58 PEPEROMIA RUBELLA. Red-stalked Peperomia. ° * ERAN DEA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. PIPERACE, Humb. et Kunth.— PIPERETEEs, De Cand.—URTIicts aFFINis, Juss. Gen. Cuar.—Spadix cylindraceus, floribus undique tectus. Stamina duo. cite indivisum. Bacca monosperma. Caulis herbaceus—Humb. et Kunt Peperomia rubella; pubescens, caule subdiffuso valde ramoso terete, fo- lis subquaternis lato-ellipticis carnosis subtus convexis discoloribus, spadicibus terminalibus axillaribusque subsolitariis. Piper rubellum, Haw. in Revis. Pl. Succ. p. 3. Stems diffuse, and often throwing out runners at the base, cylindrical, red throughout, jointed, smooth, or only furnished with a very slight pu- bescence, sending forth roots from the lower joints. Leaves quaternate, occasionally quinate, or, from injury, only binate; broadly elliptical, very fleshy, plane above, and dark green, very convex beneath, and red even to the uppermost ones, pubescent; their general shape not unlike the fronds of Lemna gibba: in the older leaves the upper surface is of one uniform green color, but in the younger ones there are three pale nerves, one central and two marginal, whence branch out almost at right angles several small veins, forming a beautifully reticulated appearance ; very short, red, pubescent. Spadices of flowers single, or two or three together at the extremity of the _ Stems, or solitary at the axils of the superior leaves, about an inch long, slender, cylindrical, borne upon very short footstalks, pale green. Scales rather closely placed. Anthers 2, almost sessile, round. A very elegant little species, particularly so when its shoots put forth their new leaves, which are beautifully reticulated with yellowish lines, an appearance that almost — disap- pears with age. Our plants were received at the Glasgow Botanic Garden from the West Indies. None of the numerous species of VOL. I. Piper, described in Roemer and ScHuuTEs’ extensive list seem to accord with this; but it appears sufficiently to corre- spond with P. rubellum of Hawortn. * * Fig. 1. Portion of a Spadix. Fig. 2. Scale, with its flower. Fig. 3. Leaf. —All more or less magnified. SS 0,7 4 ee oS Buf. CO a coli ifelia . A 59 EUPHORBIA corinirotia. Shumac-leaved Spurge. MONCCIA MONANDRIA (Dopecanpria Trieynta, Linn.) —Nat. Orv. EUPHORBIACE, Juss. " Gen. Cuar.—Flores masculi plurimi : Femineus unicus; plerumque in eo- dem involucro monophyllo, calyciformi, octo- vel decem-dentato. Flores masculi pedicellati, nudi. Flos foemineus pedicellatus, nudus, perianthio instructus. Styli tres, bifidi. Capsula tricocca, coccis monospermis. Div. xxx. Dichotome (Umbella bifida aut nulla).—W, Euphorbia cotinifolia; fruticosa inermis, foliis ternis longe' petiolatis sub- rotundo-ovatis obtusis glabris, floribus terminalibus axillaribusque ternis. E. cotinifolia, Linn. Ameen. Acad. v. iii. p. 112.—Wi.ip. Sp. Pl. v. ii. p- 892- —Art. Hort. Kem. ed. 2. v. iii. p. 160.—Hums. et Kuntu, Nov. Gen. v. ii. p. 46. Tithymalus arboreus curassavicus, cotinifolio. Szpa, Thes. v. i. p. 75. t. 46. f, 4, Stem shrubby ; in our stoves 4 or 5 feet high, but, in its native country, at- taining, according to Humsotpr, a height of 15 or 20 feet; abound- ing in a highly acrid, milky juice. Branches ternate, slender, flexible, lish. Leaves ternate, placed upon slender footstalks, which exceed the leaves in length, rotundato-ovate, rounded, and very obtuse both at bling the leaves (one from each axil), pedicellated. The pedicel has, general- i acuminate bracteas, and, within these, abortive nvolucre ed, didymous Anther; and one central fe men, globular, obscurely 3-lobed ; its Style very short ; Stigmas 3, bi- partite. VOL. I. Although introduced into this country so long ago as 1690, by the Earl of Portland, the Huphorbia cotinifolia seems still to be a rare and little known inhabitant of our gardens ; nor can I refer to any tolerably satisfactory figure of it, except the one in SeBa’s Thesaurus ;. drawn, however, avowedly, from a dried specimen. That author tells us, that the natives of Curassoa poison their darts with the milky juice of this tree, and thus render the wounds inflicted by them speedily mortal, on account of the violent inflammation which imme- diately ensues. Most authors describe the leaves of this plant as being notched, which I do not, however, find to be the case; nor have its flowers’ever been correctly described. Indeed, these would appear to be of rare occurrence, since so many authors have ne- glected to notice them, and since MM. Humpotpt and BonPLAND, who found this plant in woods near Cumana, Bordones and Caraceas, in South America, remark that they have not seen the blossoms. Cultivated in the Botanic Garden of Glasgow, where it forms a graceful shrub, whose purplish foliage mingles well with the vivid green of its accompanying inhabitants of the bark- pit. From a slight wound, or the rupture of one of its slender leaf-stalks, copious drops of the acrid juice flow out. It flowers in September. Fig. 1. Peduncle and involucre. Fig. 2. Involucre cut open. Fig. 3. Male flower. Fig. 4. Female flower—All more or less magnified. Ss \Y XQ a \ NS “ 4, co, Pe 60 SYNEDRELLA nopiriora. Sessile-flowered Synedrella. SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA.—Nar. Orv. COMPOSIT#, Div. CoryMBIFER#, De Cand.—SyNAaNTHEREA, Trib. HELIANTHEA, Cassini. Gen. Cuar.—Znvolucrum diphyllum. Receptaculum paleaceum, glumaceum. Semina planiuscula, marginata, bicornia, dissimilia, disci marginibus inte- gris, radii inciso-dentatis. Synedrella nodiflora. S. nodiflora, Gartn. De Fruct. p. 456, t. 171.—Ruicu. in Pers. Syn. v, ii. p- 472. Verbesina_ nodiflora, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1271.—Wiutup. Sp. Pl. v. iii. p. 2226. —Art. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. p. 121. An unattractive, herbaceous annual, with a fibrous root, and a cylindrical, glabrous, succulent, erect stem, about one foot or one foot anda half high; often branched near the base, the branches opposite. Leaves in distant pairs, opposite, the upper ones the largest, 3 inches long, all ovate, rather acute, flaccid, roughish with pubescence, 3-nerved at the base, the margin serrated, the base attenuated into a longish footstalk, which is connate with the footstalk of the opposite leaf, and has its margins cl- liated below. : mities patent, acute. Florets few, yellow, each within a chaffy scale, of length to the Floret. The seeds or pericarps similar in shape tot men, but thicker, larger, and with the inner surface nearly plane and wrinkled, the outer one convex, centennial AADAC VOL. I. + This plant, cultivated in our gardens since 1726, was long considered as a Verbesina, but it differs from this genus both in its habit and fructification. Here the involucre is decidedly formed of 2 leaflets, each, indeed, inclosing a female flower, and the fruit is of two kinds, that of the exterior florets bemg larger than the others, and having the margins curiously laci- niated. The receptacle has as many chaff-like scales as there are flowers, the outer one the largest, and gradually taking the form of the leaflets of the involucre. So that GarrNneR, who established the genus Synedrella, considered the scales of the receptacle as an inner calyx or involucre. He was mistaken in supposing that there were only 2 ligulate female florets. I generally have observed 4 in each flower, and Dr.Lentus de- scribes '7 or 8; indeed, the inflorescence figured by the latter author in the Hortus Elthamensis, is far larger than any that has come under my observation. We received the seeds of this plant from the West Indies, of which it is a native; and have cultivated it in the stove. The flowers appear in July and August, and the seed is plentifully produced, although some ef the central tubular florets are fre- quently abortive. Fig. 1. Involucre with its florets. Fig. 2. Female or ligultite floret, with its scale. Fig. 3. Tubular or central floret, with its scale. Fig. 4. Peri- carp of a central tubular floret. Fig. 5. Pericarp of a female or ligulate floret.—All more or less magnified. eee eS ee Re 61 PLEOPELTIS aneusta. Narrow-leaved scaly-Fern. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Naz. Onn. FILICES, Div. Gynata, Br. Gen. Cuar.—Sori subrotundi, dorsales. Involucra plura in quolibet soro, orbicularia, peltata—Kunth, in Humb. et Bonpl. Nov. Gen. Pleopeltis angusta; frondibus longe stipitatis squamulosis profunde pin- natifidis, segmentis paucis lineari-lanceolatis nunc dichotomis, margi- nibus subrepandis. Pleopeltis angusta, Humb. et Kunth, in Nov. Gen. p. 9. tab. 1.—Winp. Sp. Pl. v. 5. p. 211. Polypodium pleopeltifolium, Rapp1, Syn. Filic. Brazil. P. 8. Roots numerous, brown, thrown out from a creeping, cylindrical, scaly caudex. Stipes from 2 to 5 inches ig length; glabrous. Fronds 3 or 4 inches high, deeply cut into about 5 long, narrow, linear-lanceolate, at the margins somewhat repand, rather obtuse, segments, the upper segment gene- rally dichotomous. These have, both on their upper and under sides, numerous small, scattered, ovate, orbicular, peltate scales, dark in the centre, pale at the margins, and rather deeply cut, reticulated, membra- paseee The rachis or midrib is zig-zag, prominent, especially be- The undersides of the Segments fom the Seca bor x gaues sia plura in quolibet soro, peltata, margine fimbriata, fusca.” —Hv: Capsules very numerous, brown, as well as the seeds. * If this be not a Pleopeltis, then is the genus not founded | on Nature, for between the plant here figured, and ee. presented under the same name (P. angusta), in HuMBoLpT’s gtand work, there is no difference whatever, except in the ab- Sence of the involucres,—a circumstance which, I think, may . VOL. 1. P be satisfactorily accounted for by the more advanced state of the fructification in the specimen now before us; for, as I have ob- served under Pleopeltis ensifolia, there is not a vestige of the — involucres to be found upon the old sori or spots of fructification in that species. My specimens were gathered upon old walls, in the neigh- - bourhood of Rio de Janeiro, by Professor Rapp1 of Florence, who sent them to me under the name of Pleopeltis angusta of HumBo.pt, but who was afterwards induced, from not find- ing the involucres, to refer the plant to Polypodiwm, with the appellation given in the above synonym; an alteration which, in my opinion, would not have taken place, had Professor Rapp been aware of the fugaceous nature of the involucres in other species of this genus. ’ This is the individual which gave rise to the generic cha- racter of Pleopeltis ; and it was first discovered by MM. Hum- BOLDT and BonPLanpD, near Ario, in the Kingdom of Mexico, growing in shady places, at a height,of 994 toises (about 6000 feet) above the level of the sea. Those authors observe, that its habit much resembles that of Polypodiwm phymatodes. Fig. 1. Portion of the frond, with an oldj cluster of capsules, from which the involucres have disappeared, as well as many of the capsules them- selves, the old stalks of which only remain. Fig. 2, 3. Scales of the frond. Fig. 4. Capsule. Fig. 5. Seeds.—All more or less magnified. ee ae On mn ve : 3 : : { Herpel ti: onugfolia me 62 PLEOPELTIS enstrotia. Sword-leaved scaly-Fern. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Nat. Orv. FILICES, Drv. Grnat#, Br. Gen. Cuar.—Sori subrotundi, dorsales. Involucra Ep in quolibet soro, orbicularia, peltata.— Kunth, in Humb. et Bonpl. Nov. Gen. Pleopeltis ensifolia; frondibus indivisis lanceolatis rigidis squamosis, basi in stipitem attenuatis. Pleopeltis ensifolia, Carm. MS. _Caudex rather thick, creeping, covered with small brown scales, and throw- ing out numerous downy roots, principally from its under side. Fronds many, 5 or 6 inches in length, lanceolate, more or less approaching to linear, attenuated at the base, and there terminating in a stipes about 2 inches high ; the margin is slightly waved or repand, the anterior and margin, and dentato-ciliate. The texture of the frond is rigid and co- ee ee ne ee ee are no lateral nerv: Sori or acti? Fratelli to the upper surface of the frond, roundish or oval, at first nearly plane, afterwards remarkably prominent ; in an early stage all the capsules are concealed by the numerous peltate involucres (Fig. 1.), which are similar ta only compost 1 the exiles jut described upon the fronds, except that they are larger, uniformly orbi- cular, and their stalk is longer. In age, these involucres are either thrown off, or become so pressed and injured by the protrusion of the capsules as to be indiscernible, and then the plant assumes altogether the appear- ance of a Pol; Capsules spherical, opening transversely, borne generally upon very long stalks. Seeds minute, reddish-brown. The genus Pleopeltis was established by HumBoLptT ‘and BonrLanp, in their Plantes Aiquinoctiales, ai one species bist) Me, F alone, P. angusta, a Mexican plant, has hitherto been descri- bed by authors. The present individual is a second species of Pleopeltis, which was gathered at the Cape of Good Hope, and communicated to me by Captain Carmicuakt, F. L. 8. of Ap- pin, Argyleshire, a gentleman who has published an admirable account of the Island of Tristan d’Acunha, in the 12th volume of the Transactions of the Linnean Society, and who is un- questionably the ablest hydrophytologist we have in Scotland. A third species of this genus I have received from Dr WaAL- LICH, and it is probable that others will yet appear, which have hitherto been confounded with Polypodiwm. — The generic appellation of Pleopeltis is derived from 7Aé, many, and reArn, a scale, in allusion to the numerous scales or involucres, which, collected over one cluster of fructification, dis- tinguish it from Aspidiwm, in which, as is well known, the in- volucre is solitary. If, however, in the presence of scales, this genus comes nearest to Aspidiwm ; its general habit is so simi- lar to some of the Polypodia, that, with regard to the plant be- fore us in particular, it is hardly possible to discriminate it from the Polypodium lanceolatum of W1LLDENow, except when it is examined in a young state. At a more advanced period, the involucres disappear ; and, I may observe, that the resemblance is still more strengthened, by the circumstance of the fronds of Polypodium lanceolatum being equally besct with scales as those of our Pleopeltis. Fig. 1. Portion of a frond, with its scales and involucres. Fig. 2. Single scale of the Involucre, covering its numerous Capsules. Figs. 3, 3. Scales of the Frond. Fig. 4. Capsule bursting, and discharging the seeds.—All more or less magnified. fm MA 1b: ett, YO 2 oficl Ud : UMA & 44 an ? ES ; aie Inn CH ug Vi t 63 PLEOPELTIS nuvpa. Glabrous scaly-Fern. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Nar. Orp. FILICES, Div. Gyrats, Br. Gen. Cuar.—Sori subrotundi, dorsales. Involucra plura in quolibet soro, orbicularia, peltata.—Kunth, in Humb. et Bonpl. Nov. Gen. Pleopeltis muda; frondibus indivisis lineari-lanceolatis rigidis nudis (squamulis nullis) basi apiceque attenuatis. Caudex and roots as in P. ensifolia. Fronds numerous, from 6 to 10 inches high, linear-lanceolate, rigid, coriaceous, entire, slightly waved at the margin, the base attenuated into a very short stipes, scarcely more than half an inch in length, the extremity tapering gradually into a long nar- rous, small, membranaceous, reticulated, , margins bluntly toothed, dark brown, paler at the edges. Capsules and seeds similar to those of P. ensifolia. An inhabitant of Nepaul, communicated to me thence by my valued friend Dr WaAL.icu, and rept much 0 lied to Pleopeltis ensifolia, differing from it, however, ™ longer, narrower, and, ge extremity, singularly attenuated, fronds; which are quite destitute of scales in all stages of growth, and have their involucres much smaller, of a darker colour, and never ciliated, but bluntly toothed at the margms. Fig. 1. Portion of a frond, with a cluster of Involucres. so. of the scale of an involucre, with its capsules. Fig. 3. Upper side’ involucre. Fig. 4. Capsule and seeds.—All more or less magnified. VOL. TE 64. ALSTRCEMERIA pucuetta. Red speckled-flowered Alstreemeria. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. AMARYLLIDE, Br., Kunth. —NARCISSI, Drv. Il. Genera Nareissa non omnino affinia.—Juss. Gen. Cuar.—Perianthium corollaceum subcampanulaceum, sexpartitum, ir- regulare ; laciniis duabus interioribus basi tubuloso-conniventibus. Sta- mina sex, laciniis inserta, demum declinata. Stigma trifidum. Capsula trilocularis, loculis polyspermis. Cavis erectus, scandens aut volubilis, fo liatis. Flores umbellati—Kunth. efeitos: Alstroemeria pulchella; caule erecto gracili, foliis obovato-spathulatis lanceolatisque ciliatis, umbella multiflora, pedunculis bifloris, peri- anthii laciniis quatuor exterioribus obovato-spathulatis aequalibus serratis, duabus interioribus longioribus lineari-spathulatis integerri- mis. Alstroeemeria pulchella, Bot. Mag. t. 2353. (vix Linn.) Stem erect, scarcely climbing, slender, weak, between two and three feet high, simple, cylindrical, glabrous, subglaucous. Leaves scattered, dis- ones on the upper part of the fertile stem are lanceolate, more or less convolute and twisted. . Umbel of about six rays, each of them 2-flowered. Flowers large, showy, and very beautiful. Pedicels about an inch long, and, as well as the pe- duncles, glabrous, somewhat glaucous, each subtended by a large con- torted leaf-like bractea, which, taken collectively at the base of the um- bel, form an involucre. The four exterior segments or leaflets of the perianth nearly equal, obovato-spathulate, erect at the base, spreading Ce the extremity, and there serrated at the margin, the point having a lous appendage; their color a brilliant orange-scarlet ; ce segments differ remarkably from the exterior ones, being nearly half as mity, and entire, streaked throughout their whole length with dashes of | at first deep scarlet. Stamens 6, inserted upon the rec Bodner “te nearly straight, pale purplish, at length declined, their extremities Germen somewhat triangular, with six prominent ridges, corresponding with the number of segments of the perianth. Style subulato-filiform, longer than the stamens, triangular at the base and white, purple above, terminated by three linear Stigmas. Of this splendid species, seeds were received at our Botanic Garden during the year 1822 from Chili, of which country it is a native, and where they were collected by our valuable cor- respondent Mr Crurxsnanxs. In the summer of 1823, they blossomed in our stove, being planted in common soil, and plunged in the tanpit, where they continued for more than a week in great perfection. I had in vain searched through the descriptions of the se- veral individuals belonging to this genus, both in HUMBOLDT "and Kuntn’s Nova Genera, and in Persoon’s Synopsis, with- out being able satisfactorily to refer it to any of them, when I as- tained that it was figured and described by Dr Sims in No. 429. of the Bot. Mag. under the name of Alstr. pulchella, although not well according with the character of Linn aus’s pulchella, a species which indeed no one seems to understand, and which appears to be discarded from the Flori. I readily therefore fol- low Dr Sts in the adoption of his specific name. It is remark- ed by that excellent author, that this plant is almost without a doubt the original Ligtu of Father Fevi..£e in the F). Peruv., although Linn 2us quoted that asa synonym and applied the name to a different species; and that any attempt to restore the original name would only create more confusion. The figure in the Botanical Magazine is professedly taken from a weak specimen, which will account for the difference m our two figures. Fig. 1. Summit of a flowering plant, natural size. Fig. 2. Leaves of a ste- rile stem, or those of the lower part of a fertile one. Fig. 3- Single flower, slightly magnified. Fig. 4. Summit of a stamen. Fig. 5. Anther in the act of bursting. Fig. 6. Pollen. Fig. 7. One of the two inner segments of the perianth, exhibiting its convolute base, which circum- stance forms one of the characters of the genus. Ny x : “ fay a se ne ee ee EE, ET eee eae get ee ee Dae aE a ce ki si hi Bi i ies el A a OS Ld Le a 65 ALSTRCMERIA rraricotor. Tricolored Alstreemeria. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orp. AMARYLLIDER, Br. Kunth. —NARCISSI, Drv. III. Genera Narcissi non omnino affiniawJuss. Gen. Cuar.—Perianthium corollaceum, subcampanulaceum, sexpibllions ir- regulare ; laciniis duabus interioribus basi tubuloso-conniventibus. Sta- mina sex, laciniis inserta, demum declinata. Stigma trifidum. Capsula trilocularis, loculis polyspermis. Caulis erectus, scandens aut volubilis, fo- hatis. Flores umbellati—Kunth. Alstreemeria tricolor ; caule erecto gracili foliis lineari-lanceolatis tortis glabris, umbella pauciflora (?) perianthii laciniis quatuor exteriori- bus obovato-spathulatis subconformibus brevioribus, duabus interio- ribus, paulo longioribus lineari-spathulatis omnibus serratis. Stem erect, simple, slender, glabrous, in our specimens a foot high, having a few distantly placed, lineari-lanceolate, glabrous, twisted leaves, scarcely exceed two inches in length, their margins quite destitute of ci- lize. Umbel few-flowered, having at the base a three-leaved involucre, of which the leaflets resemble the cauline leaves, only that they are somewhat smaller. Flowers large in proportion to the size of the plant, handsome. Perianth of 6 leaflets, of which the four exterior ones are equal in size and nearly so in shape, obovato-spathulate, serrated at the extremity, pure white, with a deep spot of purple at the tip, just below the small white callous point: at the base these leaflets are connivent and erect, their apices spreading and even recurved: the two inner leaflets are somewhat longer than the outer ones, erect, linear-spathulate, me lower parts. " Rcve aa in A pelea; eee le Pistil and Style as in A. pulchella ; meee OS et Stamens. VOL. F Another beautiful species of Alstreemeria is here represent- ed, which flowered in the stove of our Botanic Garden at the same time with, and was derived from the same source as, the _Al- stremeria pulchella; the native place of growth of both being Chili, whence their seeds were sent tous by Mr CrurksHaNKS. The present plant was unfortunately a weak one, and in all probability the umbel would--have had a very different appear- ance, if the individual had been more vigorous. I am quite at a loss to refer it to any described species, and have therefore affixed to it a name indicative of the three distinct colors of its perianth. The general structure of the inflorescence is very similar to that of 4. pulchella, but the color is widely different, and it has all the segments of its perianth equally serrated, with the two inner ones short in proportion to the outer ones, and the lowermost of these latter smaller than the other. < Gis Pear etr tte ie ig ts. 3 operates rebeSesta tetas ey ee ae ; 66 PEPEROMIA rneana. Hoary Peperomia. DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA—Nar. Orv. PIPERACE#, Humb. et Kunth. Gey. Cuar.—Spadix cylindraceus, floribus undique tectus. Flores herma- phroditi, singulus squama suffultus. Stamina duo. Anthere uniloculares. Stigma indivisum. Bacca monosperma.—Kunth. Peperomia incana; incano-tomentosa, foliis alternis cordato-rotunda- tis acutiusculis carnosis petiolatis, inferioribus subpeltatis, spadicibus terminalibus subsolitariis longissimis. * Piper incanum, Haw. Suppl. Pl. Succ. p. 2.—Linx et Oro, Fl. Berol. v. i. p- 17. t. 7. Stem erect, a foot or more in height, erect, simple or slightly branched, thick, fleshy, very downy. Leaves alternate, rather distant, from two to three inches long; thick, fleshy, rotundato-cordate, subacute, downy on both obscure oblique lateral nerves, petiolate, the petioles an inch or an inch and a half long, thick, fleshy, downy, terete, flattened only above, the superior ones inserted into an obtuse short sinus at the base, the lower ones inserted just a little within the margin at the base, where the mar- gin is slightly protruded, and the leaf is hence, in a measure, peltate. from 6 to 8 inches in length, cylindrical, towards the extremity: the florets very thickly crowded. Scales tate, green placed almost entirely above the scale, small, sub- purple, 1-celled. Filament attenuated at the Geis aoe 1815. From at cai VOL, I. it probably has, by the liberality of Mr Arron, been distri- buted to other gardens, and it now is not uncommon in collec- tions. It blossomed in the month of May in the Liverpool Gar- dens, from whence our flowering specimen was received. Mr Haworru considers this Peperomia as allied to the P. velutinum of Humsoipr and Kuntn, v. i. p. 43.; but that plant, besides being arranged among the true species of the genus Piper, is stated to be a tree of 30 feet in height, with its leaves ovato-oblong, acuminate, and unequally rounded at the base, and with spadices only half the length of its leaves. P.incana succeeds well if cultivated in the stove, and treated as the other species of the genus. Fig. 1. Portion of the spadix, with its florets. Fig. 2. Single floret with the scale. Fig. 3,Germen. Fig. 4. Stamen.— All more or less magnified. 67 PEPEROMIA pereski#ro.i. Pereskia-leaved Peperomia. DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. PIPERACE, Humb. et Kunth. Gen. Cuar.—Spadiz cylindraceus, floribus undique tectus. Flores herma- phroditi, singulus squama suffultus. Stamina duo. Anthere uniloculares. Stigma indivisum. Bacca mon onosperma.— Kunth. Peperomia pereskiafolia; caule erectiusculo, foliis ter senisque obova- tis acutis petiolatis trinerviis carnosis glabris, spadice terminali soli- tario. P. pereskizefolia, Kuntu, Syn. Pl. Equin. Orb. Nov. v. i. p. 120.——Huma. et Kuntu, Nov. Gen. et Sp. v. i. p. 56. Piper pereskiefolium, Jace. Coll. v. iv. p. 352.—Ic. Rar. v. ii. t. 212.— Wutp. Sp. Pl. v.i. p. 167.—Vaut, Enum. v.i. p. 352.—Re. et Scuuttz, v- i. p. 329..—Haw. Sazifr. Enum. &c. (1821) P. Il. p. 3. paar too more in height, nearly erect, di- or trichotomously branched, , brownish-green, succulent, throwing out the rudiments of roots tanned of the leaves. Leaves two or three inches long, verticil- late, from three to six in a whorl, obovate, acute, carnose, glabrous and dark green above, below paler and three-nerved; the base running down into a footstalk, which is about half as long as the lamina. ovato-elliptical. Azther oblong, yellow, tapering down into a very short footstalk. Pollen white, minute, spherical. Germen small, obovate. Stigma minute, appearing glandular when viewed under the microscope. * JACQUIN first described this species of Peperomia, as an inhabitant of the island of Venezuela, and HumBoLpT after- wards as being frequent near Caraceas and Cumana in South America, both in hot (calidis) and in temperate situations, at an elevation of between 30 and 300 toises, flowering in January VOL. I. and September. In our stoves it blossoms in the month of May, and it was at that season that the plant here figured was sent from the Liverpool Botanic Garden. Fig. 1. Single flower. Fig. 2. Stamen. Fig. 3. Pollen.—More or less mag- nified. PE ee ee ee eee 68 PRIMULA pusita. , Lesser Bird's-eye Primrose. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. PRIMULACEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. 5-dentatus. Cor. hypocrateriformis tubo cylindrico, fauce pervia. Stigma capitatum. Capsula unilocularis, -dentata. Primula pusilla; foliis obovato-spathulatis repando-dentatis, subtus sca- poque farinosis, umbella pauciflora, corolla tubo calyce longiore, la- ciniis obcordatis dentatis, ore nudo. pusilla, Goupre, in Edin. Phil. Journ. for 1822, v. vi. p. 322.° r farinosa, Nutr. Gen. of Amer. Pl. v. i. p- 119.— « Mun.enserc’s Cat. of N. Amer. Pl.?”—Stuuuman’s Journ. vi iv. p. 59- Root perennial, fibrous. Leaves radical, obovato-spathulate, the margins re- pando-dentate, their upper surface green, scarcely at all farinose; the under one more or Jess mealy. Scape from two to four inches high, erect, mealy. Umbel of from four to eight farinose rays or peduncles, which are erect, slender, above an inch in height, at the base furnished with an involucre of about four minute ubulate leaflets. Calyx nearly oblong, of five rather longish, erect teeth, patent when dry. Tube of the corolla longer than the calyx, . cylindrical, yellow ; Limb of five obcordate, patent, flesh-coloured seg- - ments. The mouth is deep yellow, destitute of teeth-like processes. Sta- mens five, inserted into the tube, sometimes having the anthers reaching to the summit, at other times are wholly included within the tube. Ger- men roundish, glabrous. Style filiform, rather shorter than the tube of the corolla. “Stigma capitate, yellow. Primula pusilla is a species first characterised by Mr Go.pIE, in a memoir on some new and rare Canadian Plants, which was inserted by him in the 6th volume of the Edin- burgh Philosophical Journal, and the gaiee? is there istassinica of ‘Lake ‘From the former, it may be known by oe peta oad leaves, their far more distinctly t and nearly naked upper surface. The limb of the corolla, - 1as broader segments, and these are of a much paler color. ‘ VOL. 1 B 4 | same characters, nearly, in the leaves, will serve to distinguish the P. pusilla from P. scotica; and with respect to the flowers, besides their different color and form, those of the pre- sent plant have not the teeth at the mouth of the corolla, which are so evident in the P. scotica. From the P. mistassinica, it may be more difficult to de- fine this species: if, however, what is stated by MicHaux concerning the former be correct, namely, that the whole plant is glabrous (by which I presume that he means destitute of fa- rina), and that the limb of the corolla is reflexed, there are surely enough of differences between them. PursH was un- acquainted with P. mistassinica; but LEHMANN, who de- scribes and figures it from a specimen communicated to him by JUSSIEU, retains all the characters laid down by MicHavx. That delineation represents the leaves as considerably different from those of our plant, inasmuch as the lamina or broad of the leaf is nearly rhomboidal, toothed only in the upper half. Soon after the publication of the memoir above alluded to, Dr Torry of New York did me the favour to write to me some remarks on the species of American plants deseribed by Mr Go.pte in that paper. He observes, that the description of P. pusilla exactly agrees with specimens of a Primrose col- lected by Captain Douciass on the shores of Lake Huron, and that he considers it as the P. farinosa, (see Silliman’s Journal, y. iv. p. 50.).. Mr Nurvatt, he says, found the plant in the sane place (consequently it is the P. Jarinosa of the Genera of North American Plants), and that in MUHLEN- BERG’s Catalogue, the P. Jfarinosa is stated to be a native of Canada. The accompanying figure was taken from a livin specimen which had been sent ry Canada by Mr Kire sgh the au- specimens found by Mr Goxpte near Montreal, and consider- ably more so than ecimen figured in the Zdinburgh Phi- hical Journal. e first living plants of this Primula were introduced in- to our collections by Mr Goupre in 1819, and they flowered both in his garden at Ayr, and in that of P. Nei, Esq. near dinburgh, in 1821. . +. Fig. 1. Cultivated specimens of P. » natural size. Fig. 2. Single flower. Fig. 3. Calyx cut open,'to shew the pistil. Fig. 4. Corolla, with the tube laid open,—More or less magnified. me) aa a ee ee, ny ee ae, eee eee 69 ORCHIS specrasiuis. Showy American Orchis. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDE. Gen. Cuar.—Corolla ringens. Labellum basi subtus calcaratum. Glandule (1-2) pedicellorum pollinis incluse cucullo unico.—Br, ; od Orchis spectabilis ; radicibus fasciculatis labello ovato indiviso crenato obtuso, petalis conniventibus, cornu compresso clavato germine bre- viore, bracteis flore longioribus, caule aphyllo. O. spectabilis, Linn. Sp. Pl. p.1337.—Witp. Sp. Pl. v- iv. p. 36.—Pursu, Fi. Amer. Sept. v. ii. p. 587.—Brown, in Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. p. 190. O. humilis, Micu. Fl. Amer. v. ii. p. 155. : isting “of several thick, fleshy, brown, tortuose, simple, fasciculated fibres. Leaves two, opposite, both springing from the root, and from four to six inches in length, broadly obovate, obtuse, pale green, waved, glabrous, with a central nerve, and several parallel ribs or lines, most vi- sible on the underside ; the base tapers down into a long narrow kind of f . The colour of the upper surface is of a rather deep, but yel- lowish-green, the under side paler. Scape about equal in length with the leaves, acutely quadrangular, or, ac cording to Nurra.t, pentangular, (a circumstance perhaps on the number of flowers). In the present instance, the flowers are four in number, each subtended by a foliaceous, lanceolate bractea, longer than the flower. Petals of an uniform paleish purple color, conniving into a galea ; the two lateral ones ovato-acuminate, rather the largest and free ; the three superior ones united. The dip is large, pendant, ovate, VOL. PF. Roots of this plant were received at the Botanic Garden of | Glasgow from Mr Kriprrn of Montreal, in the neighbourhood of which place it appears to be not uncommon, although it is also met with as far southward as New York and Carolina; there, however, affecting shady and rocky situations upon the mountains. With us, it flowered during the month of May, being placed in a large box along with Primula pusilla, and kept in a common frame, wherein air was freely admitted. In the color of the flowers, this Orchis varies from purplish to a pure white; and the size of the whole plant, as,1 perceive from specimens given me by Mr Boor, which were gathered in the neighbourhood of Boston, frequently exceeds double the dimensions of the individual here delineated. Fig. 1. Flower with the petals forced back, slich j i i , slightly magnified. Fig. 2. Single pollen-mass, much magnified. 70 POGONIA opuiocLossomEs. Adder’ s-tongue Pogonia. GYNANDRIA MORASS Orv. ORCHIDE. Div. Anth. terminalis inserta, persistens. Masse pollinis vel pulvereae vel ¢ core pusculis angulatis: basi vel infra apicem afize.—Bn. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum sessile, cucullatidm intus cristatum. Petala 5, dis- tincta, eglandulosa. Pollen farinaceum.—Br. in Hort. Kew. Pogonia ophioglogsoides ; radice fibrosa, scapi folio bracteaque elliptico- lanceolatis, petalis exterioribus oblongo-ovatis. P. ophioglossoides, Bot. Reg. t. 148.—Nutr. Gen. of N. Am. Pl. v. ii. p. tat, Arethusa ophioglossoides, Linn# Sp. Pl. p. 1346.—Pursu, N. Am. Fi. v. p. 591. Root composed of several thickish, fleshy, slightly downy fibres, some of which are branching. Scape nearly a foot in height, erect, slender, terete at the base, the upper part compressed, triangular. Near the middle of the scape is a single, almost , elliptico-lanceolate, faintly-nerved, ra- ther thick, coriaceo-carnose leaf, of a yellowish-green color, sheathing at the base. Bractea single, similar in every respect to the leaf, but much smaller. Flower single, terminal, large. Germen linear, oblong, triquetrous, in erect ; es ce ae Petals all concave, and directed fa cles ne ee eee a upper half diated, concave, deeply toothed at the margin, the the apex entire, waved : the whole length of the centre of the lip is beset with elevated papillee, purplish to- wards the apex, and glabrous, the rest yellow and downy- Column of front, where, towards the upper extremity, is situated the concave sub- quadrate stigma ; its upper margins slightly lacerated. Anther terminal, convex at the top, moveable, but fixed by its back between two teeth on the hind part of the column, with its lower part inserted into a hollow on the top of the column, 2-celled ; each cell filed, as it appears, with an uniform farinaceous pollen-mass. VOL. L This graceful orchideous plant is a native of North Ame- rica, extending from Canada * to Carolina, according to Pours; and it appears from the account given of it in the Botanical Register (where a dwarf state of the plant is represented), to have been introduced into our gardens about the year 1815 by Mr Nutraut. The specimens here figured flowered in great perfection, along with the still rarer Habenaria blephariglot- tis, in the garden of Dalhousie Castle, under the superintend- ance of Mr Arcuisaxp, ffom roots sent from Canada by Lady DaLHousi£. This genus, as characterised by Mr Brown, comprises only a part of the species included in Jussrev’s Pogonia, and is distinguished from Arethusa, by the sessile labellum not con- nected with the column, by the petals being distinct to the base, and by the simply farinaceous, not angular pollen. Figs. 1, 1. Plants, natural size. Fig. 2. Front view of a flower, with the pe- tals spread open. Fig. 3. Column with#he Anther closed. Fig. 4. Co- lamn with the moveable anther sprung back, but still attached by its back. Fig. 5. Pollen.—Al more or less magnified. ; * My valued friend Francis Boott, Esq. has enriched wi : : Pos ’ my herbarium with charm- ing specimens of the Pogonia ophioglossoides, from the vicinity of Boston. / mb ay > {Yr I seem * poe ee a , ar. tL 71 DENDROBIUM FIMBRIATUM. Fringed Dendrobium. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA._Nar. Onv. ORCHIDEA, Gen. Cuar.—Labellum ecalcaratum, articulatum cum apice processus ungui- formis, cujus lateribus petala antica adnata, calcar emulantia. Masse pollinis 4, parallele.—Br. Dendrobium fimbriatum ; caulibus erectis fertilibus apbyllis, foliis lan- ceolatis striatis, racemis multifloris, labello indiviso oblique campa- nulato fimbriato, perianthii foliolis tribus exterioribus basi obtuse calcaratis. cL SS (eae o Raceme drooping, five or six inches in length, ist He jae se very beautiful flowers, which are entirely of ari vous or tawny c lor. The three exterior segments of the perieath soe Ss seis oe an inch long, ovate, spreading, their margins entire, and, as well as oat base scarcely forming a tube, the very a most beautifully fimbriated at the margin, the base running do sates aay the spur behind. Germen pedicelliform, slightly swollen upwards, ar celled; and containing two pollen-masses, each of which is oblong, yel- low, waxy, divided by a longitudinal line. VOL. 1. * Among the many valuable plants which, in the month of April last, I had the gratification of seeing at the rich Botanic * Garden at Liverpool, under the superintendance of my kind and valued friends the Messrs SHEPHERD, none interested me more than that which I have figured in the accompanying plate. It was cultivated, along with many other choice tropi- eal orchideous plants, with a degree of success which I have neyer before witnessed in this charming family, and this effect- ed by no very peculiar mode of treatment. The grand secret seemed to be in placing them near the light, and in supplying them with a considerable degree of heat and plenty of water: to which I may add, that those which had long and rather trailing stems, were slightly attached to the back wall, whence they appeared to derive a degree of moisture and of nonrish- ment which was useful to them. This is the second * species of this beautiful genus which Mr SHEPHERD is so fortunate as to have had in blossom ; and the individual was, as in the first instance, receivede from Dr Watticu of the Calentta Botanic Garden, being probably a native of woods in that neighbourhood. In the general struc- ture of its flower, the Dendrobium fimbriatum bears consider- able affinity with D. Pierardi; but the color of this is wholly ° different, being entirely of a deep and bright fulvous orange hue. The lip is very short, scarcely forming a tube, most ele- gantly fimbriated at its margins, and the two internal leaflets of the perianth are finely ciliated. | Fig. 1. Flowering stem. Fig. 2. Sterile stem, natural size. Fig. 3. Back view of a flower. Fig 4. Column of fructification, with spur, and a portion of the Germen. Fig. 5. Column of fructification, with the An-— ther-case separating from the top of the column, but adhering by its fi- lament. Fig. 6. Pollen-masses. Fig. 7. Portion of the fimbrie.—Al = The fret io the 1, Piererd. Bgured st. 0. of the tat volume of this work. aE ys eS ee 712 VANDA? rnicnownrias Hairy-rooted Vanda. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nat. Orv. ORCHIDE&. Drv. Anthera terminalis, mobilis, decidua. Masse pollinis demum cereacew.—Br. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum calcaratum, cum basi simplici (breviusve producta) columne apteree continuum, trifidum, lobo medio carnoso. paten- tia, distincta. Masse pollinis 2, oblique bilobz.—Br. in Bot. Reg. t. 206. Vanda trichorhiza; labello ecalcarato, petalis lineari-lanceolatis subaequa- libus, foliis teretibus. : Plant, as it would appear, parasitic upon the trunks of trees, and throwing out long simple fleshy roots, which are covered with numerous soft and somewhat silky hairs. Stem, in the present individual, eight or ten inches in length, erect, slightly flexuose, cylindrical, and producing rather dis- tantly placed cylindrical fleshy and obtuse alternate eaves, about four or five inches in length, sheathing at the base. Flowers small, collected into a cluster from the axil of one of the leaves, and inserted by the base of their long pedicelliform germens upon a small. swelling or tubercle. Petals five, all of them nearly linear-lanceolate in form, and of a tawny color, obscurely streaked with red; the three superior ones curved over the sum- mit of the flower, but distinct, the intermediate one somewhat the short- est ; the two lowermost ones rather the broadest, united below, placed un- der the lip, and having their base united with it. Lip scarcely longer than the upper petals, in the lower part narrower, deeply grooved, and purple above, convex and green beneath, the rest of it deep purple, some- what cordate, recurved, obscurely 3.46bed, the middle lobe the smallest, VOL. I° this again adheres to another, larger and subquadrate, of nearly the same texture, and which formed the process above mentioned (proscolla, Ricu.) on the top of the stigma. Although I have ranked this genus under Vanda, I feel great doubt as to the propriety of so doing. The habit of the individual is unquestionably that of V. teretifolia of LINDLEY, and the flowers have also some affinity, especially in the struc- ture of the anther and pollen-mass. But that plant the author considers as a doubtful species of the genus, and both are cer- tainly very different in general appearance from the Vanda Roxburghti and V. paniculata, which are the original species that Mr Brown’s generic character was intended to embrace. The main point, however, wherein the present individual differs from the generic definition of Vanda, as laid down by Mr Brown, is the want of a spur to the labellum. In this plant, too, there seems to be a remarkable disposition in the arrangement of the petals, of which the three superior ones curve over the upper part of the flower, whilst the two lower ones are applied to the under side of the labellum, their bases being united with it. ; The plant here figured was received by Messrs SHEPHERD, at the Liverpool Garden, from Dr WALLICH, and by those gentlemen kindly communicated to me. 5 Fig. 1. Back view of a flower. Fig. 2. Front view of the same. Fig. 3. ~ Column of fructification, with and anther. Fig. 4. Column of it to the larger gland which formed the upper point of the stigma.—. ~ All more or less magnified. 73 SCHIZANTHUS pinnartus. Pinnated-leaved Schizanthus. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA (DIANDRIA, Vahl.) —Nat- Orn. PERSONAT#, Brown, Juss. GEN. Cuar.—Calyx quinquepartitus. Corolla bilabiata, resup inata ; labio superiore quinquepartito, inferiore susie: Stamina quatuor, duo ste+ rilia. Capsula bivalvis, bilocularis—Vahl, Schizanthus pinnatus, « Rurz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. v. i. p. 13. t. 17."—VaHL, Enum. v. i. p. 171.—Bot. Mag. t. 2404. Stem annual, green, erect, cylindrical, hairy with glandular pubescence, branched, the branches dichotomous. Leaves oblong, more or less deep- ly pinnatifid, with the segments oblong, obtuse, entire or again pinnati- fid, with a few glandular hairs, dark green. Bracteas to the upper flowers two to each pedicel, unequal, subovate, more or less toothed or incised. Flowers from the axils of the branches solitary, or forming terminal racemes, not unfrequently secund. Pedicels about an inch long, slender, erect, glanduloso-pilose segments, recurved at the e larging and becoming more foliaceous. Corolla bons an inch broad, very handsome, 2-lipped- The tube very short : the —— lip very large, spreading out into five cuneate segments ; the four lateral ones are bifid, their segments acutely mee igi base, the rest of a more or less deep purple colour, delicately veined at the back ; the upper or central one obloy ; bluntly notched at the point, and somewhat toothed and cili at the margin : the palate prer minent, yellow with deep purp.e spots, | . Lower lip tripartite, with dark violet-colored segments, white at the base; of these the two la- teral ones are falcate, plane, slightly ciliated at the inner margin ; the in- termediate one obcordate, slig' ay oe its sides Stamens four, two fertile, inserted in the shorter than it, with the filaments subulate, purplish, terminated by an ovate, 2-lobed, dark green owish i incurved. on the lowes. at the base, the a and forming small white ri ovate ; Sigle long, filiform, purple, . , green, 0 yond ie fertile stamens, es Stigma VOL. L:. Capsule scarcely so long as the persistent calyx, oval, crowned with the style, and opening by two valves. Receptacle of the seeds central, longi- tudinal, attached one on each side of the dissepiment. Seeds numerous, reniform, punctato-rugose, dark brown. Albumen waxy. Embryo im- mersed in the albumen, curved, the radicle directed towards the hilum of the seed. It would require a plate of a far larger scale than the limit- ed size of this publication will possibly allow, to do justice to the beauty of the long branches of this plant, leaded as they are with numerous and lovely flowers. All that is attempted here, is to give a figure of a small sprig (which, together with some of the dissections, are from the pencil of Mr GREVILLE), and such details as may convey an idea of the structure of the flowers and fruit *. Dr Granam, who imparted to me specimens from the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, received the seeds from Chili, through the same channel } as those of the Calccolaria tigured| in this Number. The plant appears to be annual; and, after bearing a profusion of blossoms during the whole month of May, Dr Grauawm tells me that it is yet, in the end of June, covered with new buds, in all stages of growth; so that a more — desirable inmate for the Greenhouse can scarcely be conceived. The color of the ‘corolla is liable to vary in point of intensity, and also in size; some being even larger than those here repre- sented ; and the leaves in the depth of their ultimate divisions. Fig. 1. Back view of a flower. Fig. 2. Front view of the same. Fig. 3. i Front view of the corolla. Fig. 4. Anther. Fig. 5. Stamen, with the cells of the Anther burst. Fig. 6. Pollen. Fig. 7. Calyx and pistil. Fig. 8. Pistil. Fig. 9. Capsule, nat. size, enclosed within the calyx. Fig. 10. Capsule removed from the calyx. Fig. 12. Capsule with the valves open, shewing the of the seeds. Fig. 11. Seeds, natu- ral size., Fig. 13. Seed, magnified. Fig. 14. Section of seed, shewing eee and Embryo.—All but Fig. 7. 9. and 12. more or less mag nifie _ * This has come to perfection in the Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, in the month “+ Mr Crurxsnanns, a resident sident in Chili. iis a yy y y 74 ' SCHIZOPETALON Watkeni. Walkers’s Schizopetalon. TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA.—Nar. Onv. CRUCIFER&. Gen. Cuar.—Siliqua linearis, stigmate subsessili. Cotyledones, singulo bi- partito! spiraliter torte. Petala pinnatifida. Schizopetalon Walkeri. S. Walkeri, Sims, in Bot. Mag. t. 2379. Stem from a foot to a foot and half in height, erect or spreading, cylindrical, branched, branches subvirgate, simple, flexuose ; the whole covered with minute branched and stellate pubescence. Leaves varying from one to three or four inches long, linear-lanceolate, tapering at the base, the smaller ones subserrate or almost entire, the larger sinuato-pinnatifid ; both kinds rough with branched pubescence. 5 Flowers in terminal racemes, subcorymbose at first, afterwards decidedly = cemose. Pedicels nearly an inch long, erecto-patent, slender, furnished with a linear bractea, which is inserted near the base. Calyz of four li- near-oblong, erect, closed leaflets, equal at the base, the back green, pu- bescent; the margins membranaceous or diaphanous. Corolla of four cruciform petals. Claws rather long and linear ; limb lanceolate, white, channelled in the middle above, somewhat keeled and greenish below, the margin pinnatifid, with three or four narrow linear segments on side. Stamens six, four longer and opposite, approximating i _—* _ still shorter than the claws of the corolla, the others opposite and yellow. At the base of the stamens are four small” green ovato-lanceolate shining glands. Pistil columnar, very pubescent, less so on the margins of the septum. Style extremely short, green, subglabrous. Stigma capitate, yellow, with a vertical furrow, so as to appear shortly 2-lipped. Pod nearly erect, linear, somewhat swollen in the middle, pubescent. Valves convex. The margins of the dissepiment somewhat prominent. Seeds eight or ten in each cell, placed in two rows. Seed-stalk rather thick, short. Seeds pendent, ovato-rotundate, itself very long and linear, is seen to be cleft’ almost down to = base into two equal filiform portions of a bluish-green sae ra- . VOL. I. . dicle is long, curved upwards, and, as it appears, towards the rima of the cotyledons, but the extreme intricacy of the lobes of these, prevents my speaking with confidence upon that point. Through the great kindness of my friend Dr Granam, I am enabled to give a more full analysis of the parts of fructi- fication in this most singular plant than has hitherto appeared, and, what gives me peculiar pleasure, (since the organ was un- known to Dr Sims, and was therefore omitted in his generic character given in the Botanical Magazine), of the embryo of the seed. ‘This is not only curiously and spirally twisted, even more so than in the division of the Cruciform family denomi- nated by DE CanDoLLE Spirolobee and Diplecolobee; but, what is, as far as I know, as great an anomaly in the cotyledons as the pinnatifid petals are in the corolla of this tribe, each co- tyledon is bipartite ; so that there are four lobes or segments i | of two. The blossoms, which are fragrant, their scent resembling that of Hawthorn flowers, were produced from seeds sent from Chili by Mr CruixsHanxs, in the greenhouse both of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Botanic Gardens, during the month of May, in great profusion. The individual figured in the Bo- tanical Magazine blossomed in Mr Watxer’s collection in November, a circumstance which may account for the diminu- tive size of its petals. Fig. 1. Flowering branch of a stem. Fig. 2. Portion of a branch with the * Ss The genus Calceolaria, almost entirely confined to the western parts of South America, established by FEUILLEE, in his Flora of Peru, and adopted by Linn 20s, was for a long time supposed to contain but two species, the C. pinnata and C. integrifola of Smirn. Lamancx, in his Encyclo- pédie, enumerated eight species; W1LLpENow has nine; Vau_ has, principally through the labours of CAVANILLES, Ruiz and Pavon, increased their number to fifty-four; and to these the celebrated travellers Humsoipr and Kuntu have recently added twenty; making in all seventy-four species which are now described by systematic authors. Till lately, only the Calceolaria pinnata and the rare C. Fothergillit have been known in ovr gardens. Now we have the scabioseefolia of Sims in the Botanical Magazine, the beautiful individual here represented, and still another *, which Dr Granam in- forms me is now about to flower in the magnificent garden un- der his charge at Edinburgh. With regard to the present individual, it is not without some hesitation that I have referred it to the C. parala of CAVANILLES, whose description is quoted in Van's Enwme- ratio, but whose figure I regret to say that I have it not in my power to consult. His character, however, sufficiently ac- cords with my plant, except, that the « capsule” and “ whole plant” can scarcely be termed tomentose. Excellent flowering specimens of this plant, with a drawing by Mr Grevitte, from which most of the accompanying en- graving was taken, were sent to me, in the month of May, by Dr Granam, from the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, where several of the plants have flowered very freely, continu- ing a long time in beauty, and where, as far as I know, the species alone exists. The seeds were communicated to Dr Grauam by Mr Crurxsuanks, and another gentleman re- siding near the river Quillota in Chili. $i ati Fig. 1. Single flower. Fig. 2. Vertical section of a flower. Fig. 3. Anther and pistil. Fig. 4. Calyx and pistil. Fig. 5. Section of the germen. Fig. 6. Pollen.—AU more or less magnified. * This, I believe, will prove to be the Cak. rugosa of V aut’s Enumeratio. ee — ae : vA LUAOnUNS memlronncen a A, € 08224 me eae, wil | Do tg ga Ae TR es ee pe OT at Se a Seen Unie Se cage Se ae og ey eek Sha anal pai A ca Nh Ae a al cia ee eh 8 ee a a inci ie Le te ce eS U 76 TRICHOMANES mempranacea. Membranaceous Bristle-Fern. s s CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES,—Nat. On. FILICES. Gen. Cuar.—Sorus marginalis receptaculo columnari sepius setiformi in- sertus. Indusium urceolato-campanulatum, monophyllum, erectum, so- rum includens.—VW. Trichomanes membranacea ; frondibus subsessilibus oblongis flabelli- formibusque integris incisisve, basi cuneatis, marginibus (sterilibus) peltato-squamosis. : T. membranacea, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1560.—Swartz, Syn. Fil. p. 141.—Sw. Fl. Ind. Oce. v. iii. p. 1724.—Witipv. Sp. Pl. v. 5. p. 499.—Smira, in Rees’ Cyclop. > Filix Hemionitis Lichenoides americana fungi auriculis Czsalpini emula, radice repente, Piux. Alm. p. 155. t. 285. f. 3. Caudex several inches in length, creeping, flexuose, tomentose, brown, throw- ing + lh eee ] Te y C1, We Fronds several from the caudex, varying remarkably in size, and scarcely less so in form, from half an inch to three inches long, oblong or fan-shaped or rounded, with their margins nearly entire, or cut into more or less deep, oblong and very irregular lacinie ; the base, however, always cuneate and entire. In the sterile fronds, and in the sterile segments of the fertile ones, the margin is beset with numerous small, peltate, umbilicated, pale brown, sessile, membranaceous scales, which appear to be either abortive invo- lucres, or themselves young fructifications, and corresponding with the by Sir James Suir to a Bat’s wing. Involucres (indusia, W.) at the extremity of the segments of vod oe ae merous, narrow, urceolate, thick and fleshy, immersed 08 the lips, : . ; incl within the urceolus, ing the somewhat expanded mouth. Sori inclosed wi “ : inserted upon the somewhat swollen base of the long, eee emits YO. F, filiform receptacle. .Capsules sessile, fixed by their centre, reticulated, furnished with a large, transverse, entire, elastic annulus. This most elegant and distinctly-marked species of Z'richo- manes, is probably a native of several of the West Indian islands, I first received specimens from Jamaica through Sir James SmiTH and Mr SHEPHERD; and lately very abundant and luxuriant plants of it have been sent to me from St Vin- cent’s, gathered on old’t trees by the Reverend L. GuILDING at an elevation upon the mountains of 2000 feet ‘above the level of the sea. Fig, 1. Plant, natural size. Fig. 2. Portion of a fertile frond. Fig. 3. In- volucre cut open to shew the sorus and receptacle. Figs. 4, 5. Capsules. Fig. 6. Portion of a sterile frond, with marginal peltate scales ——4l/ more or less magnified. TT TAENITIS craminiro.ia. Grass-leaved Teenitis. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Nar. Onn. FILICES. Gen. Cuar.—Sorus linearis, continuus, quandoque interruptus, longitudina- lis, inter costam et marginem exteriorem frondis situs. Jndusium nullum. Tenitis graminifolia ; frondibus simplicibus furcatisve lineari-lanceola- tis integerrimis glabris. Grammitis graminoides, Sw. Syn. Fil. p. 22. t. 1. £. 5.? : Root consisting of numerous blackish much branched and rigid fibres, which are here and there downy. Fronds 4 or 5 inches in length, erect or a little curved, destitute of stipes, of a linear-lanceolate form, attenuated at the base, and slightly so at the extremity, which is frequently forked, the segments divaricating, of a pale green colour ;?furnished with a slen- der central dark purple-colored or almost black glabrous midrib, and se- veral oblique parallel lateral veins ; the margin is wholly entire, the apex rather obtuse. The Fructification, consisting of innumerable capsules, destitute of invo- lucres, appears on each side of, and close to the midrib, the midrib in two parallel lines at the back of the frond, occupying about an inch and a half or two inches of the upper extremity; in the forked fronds al- ways running down considerably below the segments in uninterrupted lines. As the fructification advances, it covers the whole midrib, and appears to constitute only one line of capsules. These capsules are sphe- rical, reticulated, brown, pedicelled and annulated, as in Polypodium. I am not quite satisfied that the present fern belongs pro- perly to the genus Twnitis of WILLDENOW, which is stated to have the line of fructification “ inter costam et marginem exteriorem frondis ;” by which is ably meant that it should be distinct both from the midrib and margin, near the centre, whereas the fructification is here placed close to the midrib; and» unquestionably in one continued line, as may be seen 10 the young state of the capsules, (Fig. 2.). Hence this plant cannot VOL. I. : be a Grammitis, which is characterized by Mr Brown as ha- ving the sori, “ venula unica insidentes, axi obliqui.” Whether or not the Grammitis graminoides of Swartz, above cited, be the same with the individual here figured, it is not easy for me to say. Its habit is similar; but it does not attain to more than half the size of the Taenitis graminzfolia, not exceeding two inches in height, and it has the line of cap- sules very much shorter, forming an oblong cluster, “ costam mediam seu nervum terminans.” I am, however, still much inclined to consider that plant as a small state only of the pre- sent; and if so, it unquestionably is not a Grammitis. The specimen here delineated was given to me, along with many other rarities, particularly of the Fern tribe, from the island of St Vincent’s, by my friend the Reverend Lanps- DOWN GUILDING *. Fig. 1. Plant, natural size. Fig. 2. Extremity of a simple frond with young fructifications. F ig, 3. Extremity of a forked frond, with old fructifica- tions covering: ae midrib. Fig. 4. Capsules.—Al more or less magnified. oy eee ived the same plant, through the kindness of the Baron Dz Scuack, from the Island of Trinidad. Te ee ee i a i i i 78 GRAMMITIS serruuara. Serrated Grammitis. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Nar. Orv. FILICES. Gen. Cuar.—Sori lineares, recti, sparsi, venula unica insidentes, axi obliqui. Involucrum nullum.—Br. Grammitis serrulata; frondibus linearibus dentatis soris versus apicem frondis demum confluentibus. G. serrulata, Sw. Syn. Fil. p. 22.—Scuxuunr, Fil. p. 9. t. 7—Wiup.,Sp. Pl. v. 5. p. 141. Asplenium serrulatum, Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. v. iii. p. 1607. Acrostichum serrulatum, Sw. Prodr. p. 128. Roots composed of many slender, wiry, dark brown, branching fibres. Cau- dex slender, filiform, creeping, somewhat downy, scarcely distinguishable from the fibres of the root. Fronds several together, tufted, from two to four inches high, almost destitute of a stipes, linear, attenuated at the base, and scarcely a line broad in the greatest diameter, glabrous, blunt- ly dentato-serrate at the margin, furnished with an evident midrib, and, arising from this, several parallel oblique simple nerves. This is the only difference between the fertile and the sterile frond. Capsules brown, annulated and pedicelled. This pretty little fern is described by SWARTZ as an inha- bitant of Jamaica, growing among mosses at the roots of trees. The Reverend LLanpspown Gutip1ne finds it in St Vin- cent’s, on the Souffriére and other mountains, abundantly, and has communicated the specimen from which the accompanying figure was taken. VOL. I. Professor Rappi, in his Synopsis of the Ferns of Brazil, mentions the Grammitis serrulata as an inhabitant of that country ; but if I may judge from the plant which he has been kind enough to send me under that name, it is the same with the G. myosuroides, likewise a native of Brazil as well as of the West Indies. This last differs from our plant in the pinnatifid, not den- tate frond, and is certainly very closely allied to it, if it be not in reality a variety. Fig. 1. Plant, natural size. Fig. 2. Portion of a frond with fructifications, some of which have become confluent. Fig. 3. Portion of a frond with young fructifications. Fig. 4, Capsule and seeds.—All more or less mag= nifted. ; - : : : 4 7 a . - alyflew 205 of an: tdhadht Lie 79 RUTA acsirtora. White-flowered Rue. OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA, (DECANDR. Wilid.).—Nat. Onp. RUTACEA. Grn. Cuar.—Cal. 4-5-partitus. Petala concava. Germen glandulo melli- fero auctum. Caps. lobata. Ruta albiflora ; foliis bipinnatis, pinnulis obcordatis, floribus tetrapeta- lis, petalis obovatis integerrimis (albis), germine pedicellato. Plant woody and apparently perennial, about a foot in height, forming a small, but handsome branching shrub: Stems and branches cylindrical, semipellucid glands, most apparent on the under side ; the whole giving out, when bruised, a smell similar to that of the Common Rue. Panicle terminal, compound, graceful; peduncles and pedicels slender, slight- ly hairy, each having a smallish obovate leaf-like bractea at its base. Flowers slightly drooping, the terminal one upon the branchlets rather and notched at the margin. Peials four, obovate, erecto-patent, cadu- cous. Stamens mostly six in number, sometimes seven, sometimes eight, unequal in height, some exceeding the length of the corolla, others shorter than it, with white filaments and yellow anthers, and inserted around the base of a cup-shaped, rather large, fleshy nectary, of a whitish color, and toothed at the margin with small, glandular, obtuse, yellowish processes; a few of which are seen on the back of the nectary. From the centre of this nectary arises the pedicellated germen, shorter, however, than the petals, deeply four, sometimes five, rarely three-lobed, glan- dular, each, just below the extremity, bearing a filiform style, which uniting with the others, seem in a measure incorporated, so as to form in number, placed in two rows (some of them generally proving abor- tive): the more perfect ones or unripe seeds, ovate, striated and ert inserted upon a small, spongy, roundish receptacle in the front of cell. VOL, I. oe 9d This interesting little species of Ruta, so unlike all the others with which I am acquainted, in the general appear- ance and color of the flowers, has, nevertheless,*the same struc- ture of leaves, and the same smell with the rest of its congeners. The number of the parts in the species of this genus seems to be very variable ; but the stamens appear to me to be more fre- quently eight than ten. In regard to the generic character, too, there seems to be some obscurity ; at least in this species I do not find * puncta mellifera,” which are described as existing on the receptacle. There is indeed a remarkable gland or nec- tary surrounding the base of the germen, as in the other species of Ruta; but here there are no distinct pores. The germen is pedunculated, which I do not find to be the case with other Rutz, and the styles, though united, so as to appear but one, are in reality four, or as many as there are lobes to the germen ; and these are frequently separated as the lobes diverge, in the cap- sules’ advancing to maturity. It is the only species with which I am acquainted that has white flowers. 3 _ The present, individual flowered in the month of June of this year in the garden of my valued friend P. Neri1, Esq. at Canonmills, near Edinburgh, and was raised, among other rari- ties, from seeds which were received from Nepaul. Fig. 1. Single flower. Fig. 2. Flower deprived of its petals and stamens. _ Fig. 3. Nectary, from which all but one stamen are removed. Fig. 4. One lobe of the germen. Fig. 5. Young capsule (natural size). Fig. 6. Single lobe of the Capsule. Fig. 7. Single lobe cut open to shew the insertion of the seeds, Aer. the song. af chp elaine Ete Fig. 5. more or _less magnified.