EXOTIC FLORA. EXOTIC FLORA, CONTAINING FIGURES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW, RARE, OR OTHERWISE INTERESTING ‘¢ Erotic Plants, ESPECIALLY OF SUCH AS ARE DESERVING OF BEING CULTIVATED IN OUR GARDENS 5 “ TOGETHER WITH REMARKS UPON THEIR GENERIC ANP SPECIFIC CHARACTERS, NATURAL ORDERS, HISTORY, CULTURE, TIME OF FLOWERING, &c. BY WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, LL.D. F.R.A. & L.S. ’ MEMBER OF THE IMPERIAL ACADEMY NATURA CURIOSORUM; OF THE WERNERIAN NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH; OF THE GEOLOGICAL AND HORTI- CULTURAL SOCIETIES OF LONDON; OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC SOCIETY OF RATIS- YORK; OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA; HONO- RARY MEMBER OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY; OF THE LYCEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY OF NEW YoRK, ce. §c. REGIUS PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW. VOL. I. UF EDINBURGH: PRINTED FOR WILLIAM BLACKWOOD, EDINBURGH; AND T. CADELL, LONDON. MDCCCXXV. ne te Missour: Botanic: GAHPEN Lips A » ea ae page Sings aC Geese a ied INDEX, ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED, TO THE SPECIES AND SYNONYMES CONTAINED IN THE SECOND VOLUME OF THE EXOTIC FLORA. (Comprising Part VI. to XX. inclusive.) Plate Acrostichum oe ee . 108 ee Ham. MSS. 108 Adiantum cat WwW. 104 tum, W. - 104 hacmint Careyanum, Hook. 149 Aspidium articulatum, Schk. 117 nets 9 WwW. “ 117 setacea, Hook. - 137 ta, Br. . 96 Baptisia nepalensis, Hook. - 131 Begonia hirta, Wail. MSS. + 89 —— picta, Sm. - - 89 Berberis aristata, DC. “ 98 —___-. Chitria, Buch. i 98 sinensis, Desf. - 98 Braya alpina, Stern. - 121 Bromelia nudica L. - 143 ia integrifolia, L “ 99 eee R. . - 99 Callicarpa longifolia, Lam. “ae Callistegia spithamzea, Pursh, + 8 Carolinea alba, Lodd. 100 Catasetum tridentatum, Hook. Chalcas ——— Lam. - 134 Chiococca racemosa, L. - 93 Chrysiphiala saadiioes Hook, - 132 Coccoloba diversifolia, Jacq. - 102 Roxb. itifolia, Gd Cymbidium bituberculatum, Hook. ook. Dendrobium alb: —_____—_ Barringtonizx, Sw. Harrisoniz, Hook. polystachion, Sw. acemiflorum, Sw. Diospyros vaccinioides, Lindl. Epidendrum Barringtonia, —_—__—- minutum, Aub. Epidendrum? monophyllum, J —___—__—-? polybulbon, Sto. Ficus nitida, Thunb. Habenaria Snag Hook. aio noes Gilat Heteranthera gr Tantha pallidifiora, Hook. Impatiens setacea, Colebr. MSS. Hook INDEX. Plate Plate trilobata, Colebr. MSS. 141 ~—s Pipe m, L. - 92 Loasa tri B. M.2 83 code: oo Hook. 129 ————— nitida, Z, - 83 = ——-—__- racemiflora, Lindi. MSS. 123 Tapitbas sian Mich. - 94 Polybotrya vivipara, Ham. MSS. 107 Lessertia annua, DC. 84 Polypodium Oly a: 114 Monarda ae Nuit. - 130 Polystachia luteola, Hi 103 omic uniflora, W. - 85 —_ Potentilla nepalensis, pe - 88 ya paniculata, on Misc. 134 Pothos acaulis, Jacg. - 122 dibuodtines serrulata, Nutt. 140 Prescotia Pe Lindl. 115 speciosa, ey - 80 118 Orchis blephariglottis, W. . 87 Sama = R ‘ 105 dilatata, Pursh, - 95 —— sinensis, Sad. - 105 oiaiadatics ee » Pursh, - 145 — Rhipsalis Cassutha, Gertn. . 2 Muhi. MSS. - 81 _ Roscoea purpurea, Sm. - 144 Omithocepha gladiatus, Hook. 127 Schizanthus porrigens, Hook. —- 86 Pachysandra coriacea, Hook. - 148 _ Schollera graminifolia, W. - 94 Parkeria pteridoides, Hook. - 147 _ Seutellaria parvula, Mich. << 106 Paullinia meliifolia, Juss. - 110 ~—s- Talinum ciliatum, R. & P. - 82 Peperomia eee Hook. - 92.‘ Trichilia odorata, Andr. - 128 ——— variegata, R. & P. - 92 Trizeuxis falcata, Lindl. - 126 Pholidota saab. Hook. % 138 Trixis senecioides, Hook. - 101 ENGLISH INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME OF THE EXOTIC FLORA. Plate Acrostichum, appendaged “ 108 Anisopetalon, Dr Carey’s - 149 Balsam, fimbriated = - - 146 three-lobed . 141 Balsaminea, bristle-leaved rs 137 Banksia, whorl-leaved = 96 Baptisia, Nepal - - 131 Barberry, aristate ‘. é 98 Bear-bind, small upright - 97 Begonia, party-coloured - 89 ergamot, narrow-leaved - 130 Bird’s-nest, — flowered - 85 Braya, alpin - 121 Bromelia, Gillescsisiiad - 143 Callicarpa, long-leaved - 133 Carolinea, white flowered - 100 Catasetum, tridentate - 90, 91 Chrysiphiala, few-flowered -. 132 Cymbidium, bituberculated - 116 Dendrobium, downy flowered - 124 large flowered «318 Mrs Harrison’s = « 120 white flowered = - 142 Diospyros, Vaccinium-like 139 Dodder, warted East Indian - 150 pidendrum, one-leaf . —_————— Z - 112 Evening Siete serrulated leaved 140 ———— large white flowered 80 Fig, shining-leaved P Habenaria, marginated = 136 round-leaved - 145 slender e 135 tall green Kowered 95 tridenta te 81 Habenaria, white fringe-lipped Iantha, pale flowered - Leptanthus, grass-leaved Lessertia, annual - Loasa, tetig sive Murraya, few flowered - Maiden-hair Fern, attenuated Ornithocephalus, sword-leaved Pachysandra, Ne Parkeria, Pteris-like - Paullinia, Azederach-leaved Peperomia, spotted stalked Pholidota, imbricated - Ple is, racemed - red flowered Polybotrya, viviparous Polypodium, Plantain-leaved Polystachia, pale-flowered Potentilla, Nepal red-flowered Pothos, stemless Prescotia, Plaintain-leaved Primrose, Palinurian splendid Chirnee Roscoea, purple flowered Schizanthus, spreading - Sea-side Grape, various leaved Shield-Fern, knotty-stalked -cap, small American Solomon’s Seal, opposite eaved Talinum, ciliated Trichilia, sweet-scented Trixis, Groundsel-like Trizeuxis, falcate - 126 80. ( Cathars Stcine 80 C(ENOTHERA speciosa. Large white-flowered Evening-Primrose. OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. ONAGRARIA, Juss. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx quadrifidus, tubulosus. Petala quatuor. age qua- drilocularis, quadrivalvis, cylindrica, infera. Semina nuda.— (Enothera. speciosa ; ; puberula, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis dentatis sub- pinnatifidis, racemo nudo primo nutante, capsulis obovatis angulatis, caule suffruticoso.— Nutt. CE. speciosa, Nurr. in Journ. of the Acad. of Sciences of Philadelphia, vol. ii. p- 119. Siem, in our plant, about four feet in height, slender, weak, flexuose, suffru- ticose, rough with minute pubescence, cylindrical, green, slightly branch- Leaves distant, scattered, broadly lanceolate, attenuated at the base, denticulato-serrate at the margin, acute, nerved, glabrous above, minute- ly pubescent beneath. Floners in terminal racemes, at first drooping. Peduncle very short, with a small, narrow, foliaceous bractea at the base. Calyx superior, tubular at the base; the dimb of four linear segments, but adhering for the greater part of their length, opening only on one side entirely, to admit the expansion of the corolla, and standing out nearly horizontally. Petals four, placed upon the summit of the tube of the calyx, very large, obversely cordate, spreading, waved, pure white, yellow at the base, and sending upwards several yellowish-green, slightly diverging nerves, becoming rose-colored previous to decay. Stamens eight, inserted just within the tube of the calyx. Filaments nearly equal in length to the corolla, erect, alternately shorter. Stamens long, linear, placed transversely, with their centre on the top of the filament. Pollen yellow, cohering together, and hanging attached to the stamens stigmas and style, in great abundance, after the bursting of the cells. Germen inferior, subclavate, but slightly attenuated at both ends and quadrangular, pubescent. Style filiform, longer than the stamens. Stigmas four, spreading cross-wise, linear, afterwards pen- dent. VOL. Hi No author appears to have known this fine species of GZno- thera, till Mr Nutra discovered it on the plains of the Red River, in the Arkansa territory of North*America, flowering in the months of June and J uly, and afterwards described it in the work above quoted. It was in 1821 raised from seeds brought from the Arkansa, at the Garden of the University of Philadelphia, by Mr Dicx, and that gentleman was kind enough to communicate some of the seeds which ripened under his care, to the Botanic Garden of Glasgow. Our plants blossomed in the greenhouse in the beginning of July, making a very showy appearance, and emit- ting a delightful fragrance, which, like some of the other spe- cies of this genus, is most powerful in the evening. The CE’. speciosa promises to be a great acquisition to our collec- tions, especially if, as is very probable, it should be found ca- pable of bearing the open air in this climate. The flowers continue many days in perfection, but are most fully expanded at the approach of night. a Fig. 1. A flower deprived of the petals, very slightly magnified. Wy Wy SS aa th pp Hawn! A Za gt aS 2 ee Tada : ae ; 81 HABENARIA rripentara. Tridentate Habenaria. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDES. Gen. Cuar.—Cor ringens. Labellum basi ecalcaratum. Glandule pollinis nude distinctz (loculis pedicellorum adnatis vel solutis distinctis).—Br. Habenaria tridentata; petalis conniventibus, labello subaequali late ovato obtuse tridentato, cornu filiformi curvato germine longiore. Orchis tridentata, Muar. MSS.—Wruun. Sp. Pl. v. iv. p. 41.—Porsu, Fi. of N. Am. p. 587. Root consisting of a few thick, whitish, subfasciculated, fleshy fibres. Stem a foot or more in height, erect, straight, furrowed, furnished near the middle with two or three moderately sized, oblongo-lanceolate, striated leaves; below with about as many submembranaceous or foliaceous scales, whilst in the upper part are two or three small bracteiform leaves. Spike oblong, of rather few, somewhat distantly placed, small, greenish-white ers, accompanied by lanceolate bractee, which are about equal in length with the germens. The five petals are connivent ; of these the two innermost are the smallest ; the three outer ones broadly ovate, concave ; the - lateral ones embracing with their margin the lower part of the lip. Lip standing out horizontally, about equal in length with the petals, broadly ovate or somewhat quadrate, cut at the extremity into three very short and obtuse teeth, and protruded at the base into a long filiform white spur, curved upwards, and subclavate at the extremity ; this is rather longer than the germen. Germen oblong, somewhat gibbous at the base, angu- lar, slightly twisted. Column very short. Stigma extremely small, convex. Anther large, terminal, 2-celled ; the cells distant at the base, and contain- ing each a clavate yellowish pollen-mass, whose glands of the footstalk are naked, and set apart or distant from each other. Another North American plant, for the introduction of which, from Canada, we are indebted to the zeal and perseve- tance of Mr Goxpre. In general habit, its greatest affinity is VOL. II. with our Habenaria albida; but, on examining the flowers minutely, abundant distinctive characters will be found. My friend Mr Boorr has detected the same species, and has communicated beautifully dried specimens to me from near Boston, in new England. The individual from which the ac- companying figure was taken, flowered in the garden at Monk- wood Grove, from roots imported by Mr Goupte. Fig. 1. Single flower. Fig. 2. Flower, deprived of the 5 petals. Fig. 3. Column of fructification and lip.—All more or less magnified. CMMHMIMN Qh “tll di re Wie 82 TALINUM crate. Ciliated Talinum. POLYANDRIA (DODECANDRIA) MONOGYNIA, Wilid.—Nar. Onn. CEA. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx di-pentaphyllus. Capsula supera, tri- sex-valvis, unilo- cularis, polysperma.—Sm. in Rees. Talinum ciliatum ; foliis lneari-subspathulatis ciliatis, floribus corym- boso-racemosis bracteatis, caule angulato. : T. ciliatum, “ Rurz et Pav. Fl. Chil. et Per.”—Pers. Syn. Pl. v. ii. p- 7. An annual plant, as it appears, of about a foot and a half in height. Stems erect or decumbent, weak, angular, red and branched below, above green- ish, scarcely and only here and there pilose. Leaves scattered, from one and a half to three inches long, linear, frequently subspathulate, acute, more or less patent, the extremities frequently recurved, the upper surface channelled, the lower subcarinated, especially near the base, where it is reddish, the margin distinctly ciliated. | Flowers at first in terminal leafy corymbs, at length in racemes, of a bright and deep purple, pedicellated. Pedicels about half an inch long, thick- ened upwards, subpilose at their base, which is decurrent, having a large leaf-like bractea, and near that generally another much smaller and ap- pressed one. Calyx of two triangular, thickish, green, subpilose, waved leaflets, with their margins more or less incurved, which are erect in the bud, somewhat spread in flower, and which at length persist, enlarge and enclose the fruit. Corolla of five broadly ovate and slightly notched petals. Stamens from ten to fifteen in number. Filaments subulate, purplish, hairy. Anthers adverse, ovate, of two cells, pale purplish, scarcely longer than the stigma, and shorter than the petals. len yellow. Pistil almost entirely surrounded and concealed by the ns. Germen roundish, green, glabrous. Style shortish, thick. Stigma capitate, with three or four deep purple, velvety, obtuse, spread- ing rays. Capsule ovate, enclosed in the calyx, opening with three or four rather obtuse valves. Seeds numerous, ovate, compressed, dotted, black, shining, collected into the centre, and fixed to the base by as many distinct filaments incrassated upwards, as there are seeds. Embryo cylindrical, curved, and enclosing the albumen in its centre. * 28) Fame e Here, as in most of the genera arranged by botanists in the ’ Class Dodecandria, we find the number of stamens liable to ~ great variation ; and with Sir James E. Surrn, I prefer re- ferring this genus to the Class Polyandria. 1n the characters of Talinum, too, at least as given by PErsoon in his Synop- sis, and by Smiru in Rees’ Cyclopedia, the seeds are said to be fixed to a globular central receptacle, in contradistinction to those filiform ones which separately support the seeds in Por- tulacca. The present species, and the 7" patens figured in LAMARCK’s Illustrations, have their seeds each evidently at- tached to a filiform stalk, by. means of which they are fixed to the base of the capsule. The species here represented, although scarcely worthy of cultivation for its beauty (its flowers, which expand in the morn- ing when the rays of the sun strike upon them, being peculiarly evanescent), yet deserves notice on account of its rarity ; no au- thor, as far as I can discover, having noticed it, except it be perhaps Ruiz and Pavon in their Flora Peruviana et Chi- lensis: and the definition there given is so short, “ Talinum ciliatum foliis lineari-oblongis ciliatis, floribus axillaribus soli- tartis,” that I cannot feel by any means assured that I have done correctly in adopting their specific name. In the main character of the ciliated foliage it unquestionably agrees; and with regard to the “ flores solitarii,” if the large foliaceous pro- cesses be considered as leaves, rather than as bracteas (and their insertion is not where the pedicel immediately joins on to the stalk), then these authors are right in that particular also. At the same time, I may observe, that the footstalk is wnéted with the stalk for the lower half of its length, and at the base of this point of union the leaf or bractea js inserted. » items ee ee Fig. 1. Petal. Fig. 2. Flower, with the petals removed. Fig. 3. Single stamen. Fig. 4. Pollen. . Fig. 5. Pistil. Fig. 6. Capsule, with one of Its _calyx-valves spread open. Fig. 7. Capsule bursting open. Fig. 8. Cluster of seeds on their stalks, Fig. 9. Single seed, with its stalk. Fig. 10. Seed cut open, to shew th or less magnified. - Embryo and Albumen.—4il more | ii a | | } } | ae ae wie J ie —— A fs a P , AED: edie” SNgeou 83 LOASA wniripa. Shining-leaved Loasa. POLYADELPHIA POLYANDRIA (rather than Polyandria Monogynia ).—N at. Orv. LOASEE (Genus Onagrariis affinis, Juss. Gen.) Gen. Cuar.—Cal. pentaphyllus. Cor. pentapetala. Nectarium pentaphyl- lum. Capsula semi-infera, monolocularis, semivalvis, polysperma.—Pers. Loasa nitida ; hispida, foliis oppositis cordato-lobatis angulato-dentatis petiolatis superioribus sessilibus, pedunculis axillaribus. L. nitida, Lam. Encycl. vol. iii. p. 581.—Wi.xp. Sp. Pi. vol. ii. p. 1177.—Juss. in Ann. du Mus. v. 5. p. 25.—Prrs. Syn. Pl. v. ii. p. 71.—Bot. Mag. t. 2372. L, tricolor, Bot. Reg. t. 667.? . Apparently an annual plant, with a straggling, weak, succulent, and fragile , of two or three feet high, branched in a dichotomous manner, and, as well as the whole plant, clothed with longish hairs, which appear, n under a microscope, to be jointed, and to have short ‘ellecesd bristles, and still larger hairs or stings, seated upon a swollen sac or bag of poison, similar to what is seen in the stings of the Common Nettle. Leaves all opposite, somewhat five or seven lobed, with the lobe angular and toothed, the lower ones much the largest, placed on long footstalks ; the upper ones sessile, smaller, and less distinctly lobed. Flowers axillary, generally solitary, pedunculated. ~ Peduncles at first erect, after flowering Hi i i i base, waved at the margin, at first spreading, then bent back. Crown of five, broadly ovate scales, red below, white upwards, where there are two light depressions, and bidentate, somewhat pubescent at subtriangular, toothed, red, fleshy appenda , each at its upper margin furnished with a yellowish-higwn, . vate Saat: On ag peepee side, the margins of these scales are seen to be curved in, and to contain two filamentose bodies, curved and slightly pubescent at the base, about cs in length to the scale, and bearing on one side a purplish filament, which exceeds the scale in height. Stamens about ten in each bundle at nt do of the corolla, at length gradually springing upwards, and lying against the style and stigma, between the scales of the nectar j Anthers yellow, ovate. Pollen oblong when dry, spherical when moist, nd always marked with a central line. Germen inferior, or nearly so: : é C ceptacles with the sutures, rather large, fleshy. S veral on each cle, longish, oblong, shed on one side, wrinkled, white, waxy and horny, and enclosing in its - Albumen een waxy centre a cylindrical straight embryo, slightly thickened upwards. , Raised in the stove of our Botanic Garden, from seeds sent by*Mr CruiksHanks from Chili; and being no doubt the Same species as the individual above quoted in the Botanical Magazine. “In general appearance, too, this plant sufficiently VOL; Ti, corresponds with the Loasa nitida of LAaMaRck, figured by . Jusstev in the Annales du Muséum ; but the representation there given of the scale of the nectary, with its appendage, is extremely incorrect ; and had it not been that the author says of the scale that it is like that of ZL. triloba (which is very si- milar indeed to the present), I should hardly have ventured upon making it the same. JL. triloba and L. nitida, indeed, supposing the scale to be alike in both, approach so nearly to each other, that the only difference between them seems to be, that the upper leaves of the former are petiolate, the latter sessile. The L. tricolor of the Bot. Reg. I have quoted as a syno- nym doubtfully; but I cannot help expressing my opinion, that it is probably the same as our present plant. It was received, as it would appear, about the same time, from the same country as produced Dr Sims’ and the accompanying individual, and seems to differ only in the (usually) more deeply divided leaf, which has narrower segments, and in having three stigmas instead of one. Of this singular, and I may add beautiful genus, (for the flowers are handsome both in hue and form), twelve species have been described, and most of them figured by JussIEU, Mm the 5th volume of the Ann. du Mus. d’Hist. Nat. Nearly all of these are natives of Peru and Chili; and we learn from the Bot. Mag. that Mr LamBerr possesses engravings of fif- teen species, chiefly new ones, which were prepared for the en- suing volume of the F/. Peruv.: one alone, L. argemonoides, being found near Santa Fé de Bogota, and generally growing among the Cinchonas and Tree Ferns of these tropical regions. In the memoir by M. Jusstru above quoted, that learned botanist has separated this genus from the ONAGRARLE (where, among the Genera Onagrariis affina, it was placed im the Genera Plantarum), and along with Mentzelia, has establish- ed for it a new Order, LoasEa&. Most of the individuals are hispid and stinging, the stings usually resembling those of our nettles, with their poison-bag much swollen and reticulated * the sting itself being a clear transparent tube, through which the fluid may be distinctly seen to pass. Fig. 1. Flower. Fig. 2. The same, deprived of most of the petals and sta- mens, and of the nectary. Fig. 3. Back view of a scale of the vee : Fig. 4. Front view of the same. Fig. 5. One of the filaments from with- in the scale. Fig. 6. Stamen. Fig. 7. Pollen, when in a state Fig. 8. Ditto, when moist. Fig. 9. Sting. Fig. 10. Hair, with its jomts - Fig. 11. Germen cut through transversely. Fig. 12. Seed Fig. 13. Section of the seed, shewing the Albumen and Embryo. Fig. 14 Embryo removed from the seed.—. . All more or less magnified. * It is a curious circumstance, that, in the month of J uly 1823, an unusually co season, some individuals of the L. nitida, which were planted in the open border of en, the poison-bags considerably larger, whiter, and filled with a much greater quantity of fluid, than those that were kept under the protection of a greenhouse. The whole plant, too, became considerably stronger. a Mi LUPE ofan DP A € 84: LESSERTIA annua. Annual Lessertia. . DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.—Nar. Onv. LEGUMINOS A. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx semiquinquefidus. Vezillum explanatum. Carina ob-« tusa. Stigma capitatum. Stylus antice barba transversa apicis ; postice imberbis. —— scariosum, evalve (compressum. vel inflatum). —Br. in Hort. Kew Lessertia annua ; calycibus bibracteatis nigro-pilosis, foliolis linearibus supra glabris.—Br. L. annua, De Cann. Astrag. p. 38.—Br. in Hort. Kew. ed: 2. v. iv. p: 328. Colutea herbacea, Witt. Sp. Pl. v. iii. p- 1141. Stems about one foot high, suberect, slender, weak, striated, subpubescent,. branched, annual, (Brown), with us apparently perennial or biennial. Leaves few in number. Petioles from two to four inches long, slender, fur- rowed on the upper side, and furnished with from four to nine distantly placed, linear obtuse leaflets, of about three quarters of an inch in length, sessile, glabrous above, of a pleasant rather deep green, beneath under the microscope slightly pubescent. Stipules two, very small, patent, su« ulate. Peduncle five or six inches in length, slender, filiform, pubescent, with about five or six small, elegant, distant, pedicellated flowers. Calya of one piece, obtuse at the base, and there furnished with two opposite, very minute bracteas, and covered with short, dark colored, almost black pu- bescence ; cut into five nearly equal teeth, about one-third as long as the calyx. Vexillum rotundato-obcordate, with a short claw, recurved, deeper rose-colored, with darker oblique lines meeting in the centre. Ala and carina deep purple, nearly equal in length, the former oblong, curved, and slightly twisted towards the extremity, appressed to the carina, which is compressed, boat-shaped, obtuse ; both are shortly unguiculate. Stamens concealed within the carina, one free, nine united. Anther yellow. Pistil: Germen linear-lanceolate, compressed, horizontal. Style erect, glabrous, filiform, terminated just below the small capitate stigma, with a circular thick ray of delicate white hairs, which are longest on the in- ferior side. Legumes thin, membranaceous, faintly 9 the margins flattened, the centre slightly inflated, valveless (Br.), with VOL. Ii, the seeds, ten or twelve in number, subspherical, attached in two rows by ashor «alk to the upper margin, terminated at the extremity by the persistent style. The seeds of this delicate and graceful little plant were re- ceiyed in our Botanic Garden from the Cape of Good Hope; and the plants produced flower with us in the month of June. These were of short duration, and quickly succeeded by the com- paratively large and slightly inflated scariose seed-vessels. The genus was separated from Colutea by Dz CANDOLLE, and dedicated to M. De Lessrert of Paris, a great patron of botanists, and eminent for his extensive herbarium. Mr Brown has followed the illustrious Genevese, and in the second edition of the Hortus Kewensis, has drawn up a character differing from that of Colutea, in the want of a bicallose vexillum, and of a “ stigma laterale sub apice uncinato styli, postice longitu- dinaliter barbati.” Of the genus Lessertia, all the known species are natives of the Cape of Good Hope, as those of Colutea appear to be of the south of Europe. Swainsonia, a genus instituted by Mr SALISBURY, seems very closely allied to this, and the species (S. galegifolia) figured in the Botanical Magazine, seems to possess altogether the habit of our present plant. Fig. ze Single flower. Fig. a. Vexillum. Fig. 3. One of the alee. Fig. 4. The carina. Fig. 5. Stamens and pistil. Fig. 6. Style and stigma. Fig. 7. The Legume (natural size). Fig. 8. The legume partly laid open, to shew the situation of the seeds.—All but Fig. 7. more or less magnified. 0 SI Ia ne ai eee 85 MONOTROPA onirtora. Drooping single-fowered Bird’s Nest. DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nart. Orv. MON OTROPE, Nutt. Hook, Lindl. Gen. Cuar.—Perianthium simplex, tetraphyllum, foliolis basi cucullatis. Anthere uniloculares, bilabiate. Capsula supera, 4-5-locularis, 4-5-val- vis. Semina numerosa, arillata. Monotropa wniflora ; caule unifloro, squamis approximatis, flore cernuo decandro. Monotropa uniflora, Witup. Sp. Pl. v. ii. p. 573.—Mucu. Fl. Bor. Am. v. i. p- 266.—Punrsu, N. Am. Fi. v. i. p. 303.—Nurtr. Gen. v. i. p. 273.— Exuiortr, Bot. of §. Cardl. § Georg. v.i. p. 277-—P.ux. Alm. t. 209. f. 2. Root, according to Mr Exuiort, parasitic, and attached to the roots of trees ; in our garden growing simply in earth mixed with leaves, fibrous, fibres _ much clustered, intricately branched and anastomosing, brown. Stems many from the same root, more or less succulent, about six inches high, erect, rounded, simple, thick, white and fleshy. In the place of leaves, there are ovate, eo ti —- white scales, the lower ones at the extremity often tinged with brown. Flowers solitary, terminal, entirely ag fleshy, drooping, surrounded on all sides by several imbricated scales. Perianth single, of 5 obovate or somewhat spathulate, erect leaflets, slightly erose at the extremity ; at the base narrow, and somewhat saccate or cucullate. Stamens quite white, ten in number, alternately shorter, the longer ones rather shorter than the perianth, erect and placed against the pistil. Filaments pubes- cent. Anthers large, 1-celled, opening near the top by two transverse and oblique clefts. Pistil: Germen broadly ovate, with ten longitudinal furrows. Style rather short and thick. Stigma peltate, depressed in the centre, and marked with 5’rays. This remarkable plant was raised, probably for the first time in Britain, in the month of June 1823, under a common frame in our Botanic Garden of Glasgow, in a box of earth which VOL. 1. was sent, containing other rarities, from the neighbourhood of Montreal, by Mr Maciran. Its first appearance above ground . was more like that of some thick white and fleshy Clavaria, than of any phenogamous plant; and the whole substance re- sembled of white wax. It appears to inhabit a great extent of country in North America, having been found in Canada, in Carolina and Geor- gia, and I believe in many intermediate districts. Mr Nurraut has separated from the genus Monotropa the M. Hypopithys, under the name of Hypopithys europea, principally in consequence of a slight difference in the filaments and anthers; but the general habit of the plant, and every es- sential particular, are so similar in the two individuals, that I can by no means assent to this change. Like our European species, the present plant turns black in drying, but it is desti- . tute of that agreeable primrose-like fragrance which is so re- markable both in the living and recently dried state of M. Hy- popithys. ea i ci Stamens and _pistil. Fig. 8. Pistil. Fig. 9. Section of the Germen.— All but Fig. 1. more or less magnified. 86 SCHIZANTHUS porricens. Spreading Schizanthus. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA, (DIANDRIA, Vahi.)—Nart. Orn. PERSONAT&, Brown, Juss. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx quinquepartitus. Corolla bilabiata, resupinata ; labio su- periore quinquepartito, inferiore tripartito. Stamina quatuor, duo sterilia. Capsula bivalvis, bilocularis.—Vahl. Schizanthus porrigens ; pedicellis fructus patentibus distichis rectius- culis (corollze labio inferiore pallide purpureo).—Graham, MSS. Plant reaching to the height of three feet, and spreading its numerous patent branches to an almost equal diameter; the stem and branches covered with glandular hairs, from the extremity of which a strong acid is distil- led. Leaves largest near to the base of the plant, .gradually becoming smaller upwards, some of them four or five inches long, bi-tripinnate, slightly hairy, obscurely veined, the segments subpinnatifid, with the lobes acute. Fi lowers very numerous, rather distantly placed, and arranged in a distichous manner upon long zig-zag, slender, spreading, glanduloso-hirsute, termi- nal and lateral racemes. Pedicels about an inch long, slender, patent, nearly straight, having at the base two very small oblong bracteas. Caly.r quinquepartite, the segments linear, erecto-patent, glandular, green. Corolla very nearly ef the same shape as that of S. pinnatus, but with the middle segment of the upper lip not so deeply notched, and the mar- gins everywhere less toothed or erose. Of the upper lip the purple hue is much paler ; the yellow tint occupies a much larger space in the middle segment, and there exist, almost constantly, two deep purple apts, and two others, one on each side of the lateral segment ; the lower lip is in- variably of a pale purple. Dr Granam has observed, that the two per- fect anthers at first lie concealed in the concave part of the inner segment of the lower lip; but that if they are touched, when ripe, they start for- ward towards the style and stigma, and then burst. In fruit the pedicels still retain their almost straight direction, and they bear capsules very similar to those of S. pinnatus. These appear, however, to be more obtuse at the top, and to have each valve, when burst, notch- ed at the extremity; but this, Dr Granam observes, is not a constant character. Seeds smaller, rounder, and paler coloured than in S. pinnatus. Under the description of Schizanthus pinnatus, given at t. 73. of this work, I have mentioned the liability to variatio VOL. I, of that plant in the size and colour of its flowers, and in the shape of its leaves. When the different individuals to which I alluded, arrived, however, at perfection, Dr Granam felt satisfied that there were two separate species among them; one of which, the S. pinnatus *, may be distinguished by its ge- nerally smaller size, more upright mode of growth, by its having the lower lip of the corolla always of an intense purple, and the upper one spotless; the bracteas being large and foliaceous, and, above all, the footstalks of the fruit quite secund, deflexed from the base, and at the superior extremity singularly curved upwards. The other species is the one here figured, from a beautiful drawing by Mr Grevi..x, and for the description of which I am chiefly indebted to the information afforded by Dr Granam. In order to demonstrate more clearly the difference of the two plants, Mr Grevitue has, at Fig. 9. given a representa- tion of a raceme of S. pinnatus. It will be agreeable to all lovers of plants to know, that this individual may be considered a hardy annual; the finest specimens of it in the Edinburgh Botanic Garden being those which have grown in the open air, and which are now, in the latter end of November, covered with flowers and seedvessels. Whether this, or the Schizanthus figured at t. 73. be the — one intended for S. pinnatus by Ruiz and Pavon, I have no means of determining. I suspect that it is the present species; for Dr Sts, in his description of S. pinnatus, tells us, that on comparing it with the delineation in the Flora Perwviana, he was inclined to consider it as distinct. I quite agree with Dr Granam in believing, that the larger figure in the Botanical Register, tab. 723. is drawn from S: porrigens, although the specimen is in much too young @ state to shew the more important characters of the species. . reerremecmpreemee ene Ne? of a plant, with flowers and advanced fruit. Fig. 2. Lower Si natural size, Fig. 3. Flower. Fig. 4. Pedicel and capsule. Fig: 5- ~~ to shew the receptacle and seeds. Fig. 6. Capsule which ee . its seeds. F ig. 7. Seeds, natural size. F ig. 8. Fwo seeds, may magnified —All but F igs. 1, 2. and 7. more or less magnified Fig. 9. Raceme of S. punatus, natural size. * * iitisae rete) be now thus characterised, ‘ pedicellis fructus secundis, basi de- MSs. ~ imsigniter curvatis, (corolla labio inferiore intense purpureo).”— Jraham, 87 HABENARIA stepnarictortis. White Fringe-lipped Habenaria. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDES. Div. Anthera adnata terminalis persistens. Pollinis massve e lobulis angulatis elastice co- entibus ; basi affirve.—Br. Grn. Cuar.—Corolla ringens. Labellum basi subtus calearatum. Glandula pollinis nude, distincte (loculis pedicellorum adnatis vel solutis distine- tis).—Br. in Hort. Kew. Habenaria blepharigilottis ; radicibus fasciculatis, labello lanceolato ci- liato longitudine petali supremi, cornu longissimo germine paululum breviore. | Orchis blephariglottis, Witty. Sp. Pl. v. iv. p- 9.—Pursu, Fl. Amer. Bor. V. ii. p. 585.—Nutv. Gen. N. Am. Pl. v. ii. p. 188. Roor (according to the drawing of Mr Syme) decidedly composed of thick, fleshy, long and flexuose fasciculated fibres, still apparently formed into two clusters, from the summit of one of which is a gemma or bud indi- cative of the future year’s plant, from the other rises the present year’s stem, about ten inches in length, erect, terete, striated, with two or three sheathing scales at the base, and upwards, with about three lanceolate, carinated, more less acuminated, striated, yellowish-green Jeaves, paler on the underside, merging upwards into bracteas, sheathing at their base. Spike of flowers pure white, forming an oblong, obtuse, rather lax head. Bracteas lanceolate, smooth, the lowermost ones about as long as the ger- men, the rest gradually shorter upwards. Corolla entirely of a pure white. The three uppermost petals erect, lanceolate, obtuse, the exte- rior one being thrice as large as the two inner ones ; the two lateral ones ovate, singularly bent back and downward, so that in looking at the front of the flower, their backs come into view. Lip lanceolate, obtuse, standing out horizontally, about as large or rather larger than the upper- most petal, convex above, its margins elegantly fringed with white hair- like processes, terminated below in a long, slender, twisted, deflexed spur, which is nearly equal in length to the germen. Germen extremely long, slender, twisted, much attenuated upwards. Column of fructification very short. Stigma small, concave. Anther large, terminal, composed of two distinct cells, approaching each other in the upper part, much diver- ging below, but connected by a thick, fleshy, transverse substance, open- ing horizontally. The pollen-masses I have not seen, as the anthers had opened, and discharged their pollen in all the flowers which I had the opportunity of examining. VOL... 11, This charming Orchideous plant, remarkable for the pure white of its blossoms, and their elegantly ciliated labellum, does not appear to have been known in our collections, till it was introduced into the garden of Dalhousie Castle by the Right Honourable the CounrxEss of DaLuovusie, who sent it from Canada. ‘The able superintendant of that establishment, Mr ARCHIBALD, transmitted a flowering specimen to Dr GraHam, who forwarded it to me in the state in which it is represented in the left-hand figure of the accompanying plate. The rest of the stem and roots are copied from a beautiful drawing made by Mr Syme of Edinburgh, author of the inge- nious “ Nomenclature of Colours as adapted to the study of Natural History.” It flowered in the month of May, and, from the knowledge and skill at which we are arrived in the cultiva- tion of orchideous plants, it may be hoped that this delicate spe- cies of Habenaria will soon become a general inhabitant of our collections *. The nearest ally of this plant is undoubtedly the Habe- naria (Orchis) ciliaris of WILLDENOW, figured at the 42d plate of ANDREws’ Botanical Repository: in the latter, how- ever, the flowers are of a deep orange colour, their lower lip far more thickly fringed, and the two smallest of the upper petals are likewise fringed, whereas in the present individual these are quite naked. WILLDENow gives this plant as a native of Pennsylvania; Pursu says it is found from Jersey to Carolina, not being aware, it would seem, that it inhabits also the British settle- ments of North America. The latter author arranges this spe- cles among those with two entire tuberous roots, which he was probably led erroneously to do, from the circumstance of his considering CLayTon’s plant “ O. testiculata, floribus niveis.” rate = same. Nurra.t, more correctly, ranks it with those individuals having palmated roots; and the palmated root may Th y conceived to run into the fasciculated one. nee Heo oe upper petals take a decidedly opposite direc- eat: Fee former pointing upwards, the two latter down- crag Cina SS A at Gam ae Fig. 1. Side vi : - j g- 1. Side view of a flower. Fig. 2, Front view of a corolla,—magnified. “Wits... Liv Plants, act Pa in 1822 brought by Mr Goupre from swampy ground in eighbourhood of Qu hae im L : (where it appears to have been found by Wu- oor a Esq. of that city); but they did one succeed in the garden at Monk- Se ee ee ee ESS SS SONS LSS ES RN A SR Te eR Ne TR EE Lk ELMS EES A RSE CT MN SENET ee a SE cans ee ee WE een Sn! eter al oat WS aR eR a pd Tt. 2 th ee re eee eas me Gb F sok. R Y ee ee = rc ae ioe ) : 0 Ai lp Lhugp? Cz > _Pimtter fala os mS 88 POTENTILLA wnepatensis. Red-flowered Nepal Potentilla. ICOSANDRIA POLYGYNIA.—Nat. Orv. ROSACEA. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx decemfidus, segmentis alternis minoribus. Petala quin- que. Pericarpia receptaculo sicco affixa. Potentilla nepalensis; caule erecto multifloro, foliis quinatis caulinis ternis, foliolis obovato-lanceolatis acute serratis sericeo-pilosis, stipu- lis ovatis, petalis (rubicundis) obcordatis calyce longioribus. Stem a foot or a foot and half high, erect, rounded, red, hairy, with the hairs long and patent, branched at the extremity. Leaves, the lowermost or radical ones, long, red, hairy, petiolate, quinate, with: their leaflets ob- ovato-lanceolate, sharply and regularly serrated almost to their base, purplish, veined, silky with appressed hairs; the cauline leaves ternate, nearly sessile, much smaller, more lanceolate and acute than the others. Stipules upon the stem, large, green, ovate, scarcely acute, entire, almost glabrous. Flowers terminal, upon subpaniculated branches ; pedicels one or two inches” long, hairy, red. Calye, with the five outer segments small, green, spreading ; the five inner ones closing over the bud or fruit, and soon becoming brown. Petals exceeding the calyx in length, obcordate, of a beautiful reddish-purple, delicately marked with veins. Stamens nume- rous. Anthers purplish-brown. Pistil: Germen ovate, greenish, smooth. Style from just below the summit of the germen, rather long. This interesting species of Potentilla flowered at the Bota- nic Garden, Edinburgh, in July 1823. Its seeds had been received by Dr Granam from Nepal, whence they had been transmitted by Dr Wa.LuicH. "Even in the leaves and stipules, I am not aware of any species of Potentilla with which this one would be liable to be confounded ; and the colour of its flowers is unlike that of any individual of the genus which has hitherto been published. VOL. I. Their nearest resemblance in hue, as far as my knowledge ex- tends, is to that of the blossoms of Rubus odoratus. In Mr LAMBERT’s herbarium, there exist, however, specimens of a Potentilla from the same country as the present, with red in- florescence ; but in those individuals, the leaves are ternate, their leaflets small, oval, and covered beneath with a white and silky pubescence. The drawing of Potentilla nepalensis is from the pencil of Mr GREVILLE. Fig. 1. Petal. Fig. 2. Stamen. Fig. 3. Pistil.—All slightly magnified. NEAR EEite oe Vt. ttle! MUP! 4 89 BEGONIA picra. Party-coloured Begonia. MONCECIA POLYANDRIA.—Nart. Orp. BEGONIACEA, Bonpl. De Cand. Gen. Cuar.—Masc. Cal. 0. Cor. polypetala. Petala plerumque 4, ine- qualia—Fam. Cal. 0. Cor. petalis 4-9, plerumque inzqualibus. Styli 3, bifidi. Caps. triquetra, alata, 3-locularis, polysperma. EAE as Oe" Begonia picta ; caule perbrevi, foliis cordatis acutis acuminatisque, ru- gosis hispidis duplicato-serratis, capsulee alis subaequalibus.—Sm. Begonia picta, Smiru, Ex. Bot. t. 101. Begonia hirta, Watuicn, MSS. Root perennial, of two small, roundish tubers, together with a few thick, fleshy, simple fibres, mixed with others which are more slender and branched. Stem very short, yet slightly branched, thick, succulent, green, more or less tinged with purple, hairy- Leaves 3 or 4 inches in length, few in number, cordate, more or less acute, or even (as in Sir James Smrrn’s plant, and some native specimens in my herbarium), . acuminate, green blotched with purple, especially beneath, rugose and hispid, waved, veined, the margins doubly serrated ; the footstalks long, terete, hairy, with a pair of broadly ovate stipules at the base. Flower-stalks vather long and thick, from the axils of the leaves, branched upwards into a sort of umbel of about 3 partial stalks, with two rather large, entire or tridentate hairy bracteas. The central flower is the male, and is formed of 4 large and delicate rose-coloured petals, of which the . two outermost are much the largest, rotundato-ovate, crenato-serrate at the margin, longitudinally striated, and externally villose ; the two innermost smaller, obovate, glabrous and entire: Stamens numerous, and in reality monadelphous, the filaments often forked, yellow. The lateral flowers are female, having four nearly white petals, the two outermost the long- est, roundish, slightly crenate, and externally pubescent ; the re inner most entire, glabrous : the germen large, inferior, triquetrous, thickly pu- bescent, with branched, or rather laciniated, white, reticulated processes, the angles protruded into glabrous ale or wings, which, though short, are evidently unequal in size. Styles 3, yellow, each bifid and twisted something like the shell of a snail. ——— VOL: IL. Communicated from the stove of the Botanic Garden at Liverpool by Messrs SHEPHERD, -by whom it was received from Nepal under the name of B: hirta of Dr Watuicu. No such name, however, is published ; and the able cultivator just mentioned, rightly considers the plant to be the same as the B. picta, figured by Sir James Smrru from a Hindu drawing sent by Dr BucHaNan Hamitton. That gentle- man first found it on rocks above Nepal, and states it to be the Mungarchaci of the Parbutties, or Hindu conquerors of Ne- It is a lovely plant, elegant both in its flowers and foliage, and well deserving of cultivation in our stoves. : ee eenrnEE eee Fig. 1. Section of the Germen of B. picta. Fig. 2. One of the styles. Fig. 3. One of the processes of the germen which forms the pubescence.—All more or less magnified. ¥ | VE Ve theetteniilem’ * 90, 91 CATASETUM rripentatoum. Tridentate Catasetum. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nat. Orv. ORCHIDEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Corolla resupinata ; oie — eg labello sac- cato-concavum. Columna bico filiformia, arcuato- conniventia. Anthera opercalats, chveae eer infra apicem atte- a ee ae insidens. Pollinis masse duz, pedicello communi suf- h. M. : . in Kunth Parasiticum. Folia membranacea, ex apice bulbi geese p00 Pedunculi radicales, uni- send multiflori, bracteati. § magni. ee: Eitan petalis duobus interioribus maculatis, labello tride Whole lat from a foot and a half to two feet i in height. Root composed of many, large, white, thick, smooth fibres. Bulb five or six inches in = — subcompressed, covered at first with the sheath- ing bases of the leaves, afterwards naked, green, marked with reddish rings where the leaves have es inserted, and longitudinally striated. considerably 1 the athing of the bulb; these sheaths are a more membranaceous texture the leaves themselves, paler aps and Pies closely striat S from the root by the side of the bulb, _< ve or fourteen inches in beg cylindrical, green, jointed, and furni oe hort membra- sheaths, which are slit on one side, ceolate, concave the two inner rat are hrosdly ovate, concave, subacuminate, re gre thet gun spotted with Lip large, cucullate, — its margin except in font, where there are three teeth, the Leet ‘faintly and obliquely striated ; its colour is a Scie; yellow, "greenish at the summit; there are some- times a few very indistinct purple spots within. Column united by its base with the back of the lip, an inch long, curved forward, yellow, the back convex, the front concave, its extremity egg y acuminated, and having a little claw-like penetes, at the very point. From the ig or cesse: placed within the lip. Sree concave, 8 aiaaaicate, viscid. Anther rope culiform (deckdntsaz\, and applied to ‘the upper attenuated one sna lanceolate, peg having i at its <2 SLT BN tt é peg Pa ee a oe a 95 HABENARIA piararTa. Tall green-flowered Habenaria. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nart. Orv. ORCHIDEA. Gen. Cuar.—Cor. ringens. Labellum basi subtus calcaratum. Glandule pollinis nude, distincte (loculis pedicellorum adnatis v. solutis distinctis). —Br. in Hort. Ken. Habenaria dilatata ; labello lanceolato-obtuso basi dilatato, cornu lon- gitudine labelli germine paulo breviore, caule folioso. Orchis dilatata, Pursn, F/. N. Am. v. ii. p. 588—Nutt. Gen. of N. Am. Pl. V. ii. p. 189. Root fasciculated ; the fibres large and thick, some of them larger at the base, so as to be somewhat fusiform. Stem a foot or a foot and a half high, gradually tapering upwards, angular. Leaves several, lanceolate, striated, becoming smaller and bracteiform upwards. Spike from 3 to 5 inches long, of rather distantly and somewhat spirally ar- _ Tanged flowers. Bractew linear-lanceolate, green, the lower ones longer than the flower, the uppermost shorter. Corolla pale yellow-green, the three uppermost segments ovate, connivent, and forming a helmet above the organs of fructification ; the two lateral ones reflexed ; the lowermost one, or lip, deflexed, lanceolate, obtuse, dilated at the base, quite entire, of the same colour as the rest of the flower. Spur cylindrical, curved, shorter than the germen. Column very short. Stigma transverse, Con- vex. Anther terminal, of two cells, whose bases are set apart ; each con- taining a clavate, yellow pollen-mass, which have their glands naked, short, green, twisted, ribbed, thickest upwards. Thtroduced into the gardens of this country from Canada in the year 1823, by Mr Go.p1e, who sent me the plant here figured from his garden at Monkwood Grove, Ayt, m Au- gust; and by Mr CLEGHoRN, whose plant flowered in our . Botanic Garden at the same season of the year. It is not, however, confined to the more northern parts of America: I have long ago received fine specimens from my friend Mr VOL. 1. Boor, gathered near Boston ; and Mr Nurraxu has seen it growing in Franklin county, Pennsylvania. Its nearest affinity is with Hab. hyperborea, which differs in its much smaller size, and, according to Pursu, in its lan- ceolate lip, not spreading at the base, in the subulate spur, and | ovate spike. Fig. 1. Front view; and, Fig. 2. Back view of a flower. Fig. 3. Lip and umn.—All more or less magnified. ‘iy Pas lyin 96 BANKSIA venrticinuata. Whorl-leaved Banksia. TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nart. Orv. PROTEACE. Gen. Cuar.—Perianthium quadripartitum (raro 4-fidum). Stamina apicibus concavis laciniarum immersa. Squamule hypogyne 4. Ovarium bilocu- lare, loculis monospermis. Folliculus ligneus ; dissepimento libero, bifido. Amentum flosculorum paribus tribracteatis !—Br. Banksia verticillata; foliis verticillatis lingulato-oblongis obtusis muticis: subtus aveniis niveis, bracteis amenti tomentosis obtusis : involucran- tibus hirsutis, caule arboreo.—Br. | Banksia verticillata, Brown in Linn. Trans. v. x. p. 207.—Ejusd. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p- 394.—Arr. Hort. Kem. ed. 2. v. i. p. 216. A tree, according to Mr Brown, with terete, yellowish-brown branches, the younger ones subpubescent, their extremities hairy with thick brown hairs, the rest glabrous. Leaves placed in whorls of 4 or 6, lingulato-ob- long, placed upon short footstalks, erecto-patent, quite entire at the mar- gin, and slightly recurved, the upper side glabrous, dark green, the un- der side white, with short cottony pubescence; the extremity obtuse or even retuse, muticous, or in the younger ones sometimes terminated with a short hair or bristle-like point. Midrib prominent beneath, and green, glabrous, in the uppermost leaves covered with numerous brown Amentum terminal, appearing lateral only in consequence of the putting forth of a new shoot beneath it, cylindrical and elongated, densely clothed with truncated, red-brown, very silky scales or bracteas; these are placed in threes (two small and one larger one) beneath each pair of flowers, se upon a hairy receptacle. : Flowers in pairs : each of 4 petals, forming a tube by the cohesion of the pe- tals or leaflets of the perianth, which afterwards become more or less sepa- rated, curved, especially towards the extremity. Lamine ovate, for west time cohering together, very concave within, the margin thickened, tawny ; the claws slender, yellowish, their base hairy. Stamens placed oné within the concave extremity of each petal. Filament short : Anther oblong yellow. Pistil single. Germen roundish, small, hairy at the top, the base surrounded with 4 small, oblong, obtuse, upright scales. Style yellowish-green, very long and singularly rigid, exceeding the co- rolla in length, bursting with its middle through the side of the corolla with a remarkable curvature, but retained at its extremity for some — Within the closed lamine of the corolla. Stigma ovato-oblong, yellow. VOL. 11. A genus of 31 species, as enumerated in the admirable monograph on the Proteaceae, by Mr Brown, in the Trans- actions of the Linnean Society; of which about two-thirds have been introduced to our gardens, although very few have been figured in our various botanical publications. The individual here given, remarkable for its verticillate entire leaves, of a pure white on the under side, was discovered by Mr Menzies in New Holland, and brought by him to our gardens in 1794. It was afterwards seen by Mr Brown in Lewin’s Land, on the south shores of New Holland, and was by him first described in the place above quoted. Mr SHEp- HERD was so good as to send me a fine flowering specimen in September 1813 from the Liverpool Garden, from which the accompanying fizure was taken. The blossoms yield a smell which is rather powerful, and by.no means agreeable. Fig. 1. A pair of flowers, with their accompanying bractew.: Fig. 2. Single flower. Fig. 3. Lower part of the style and germen. Fig. 4. Extremity of a petal, containing the Anther. Fig. 5. Bractee,—All but Fig. 1. more or less magnified. * f ; | : iG CH Ap, g GAS ef ae ca AREVE t bt hitintn oe ‘b eG ‘thd 97 CALYSTEGIA SPITHAMZA. Small upright Bear-bind. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nat. Orv. CONVOLVULACES. Gen. Cuar.—Caly# 5-partitus, bracteis duabus foliaceis inclusus. Corolla campanulata, 5-plicata, ~ Stamina subzqualia, limbo breviora. Ovarium semibiloculare, 4-spermum. Stylus indivisus. Stigmata 2, obtusa (tere- tia vel globosa). Capsula unilocularis. Herbee lactescentes, glabre, volubiles v. prostrate (extra tropicum provenientes ). Pedunculi solitarii, uniflort.—Br. Calystegia spithamea ; erecta pubescens; foliis subcordato-ovalibus ob- tusis, pedunculis unifloris foliis brevioribus, bracteis ovatis acutis, caule superne florifero.— Pursh. 3 Calystegia spithamea, Pursu, Fl, of N. Am. v. i. p. 143. Convolvulus spithameus, Wixxp. Sp. Pl. v. i. p. 873.—Exu10T’s Bot. of S. Carol. § Georg. v. i. p- 251.—Hort. Kem, ed. 2. v. i. p. 337. Root flagelliform, and much creeping, cylindrical, yellowish, perennial (not biennial, as mentioned in Hort. Kew.) Stem erect, about a span high in its native country, nearly a foot in height when cultivated, rounded, pu- bescent, simple or slightly branched, branches from the axils of the leaves. Leaves an inch anda half to two inches in length, cordato-ovate, obtuse, the lowermost ones broader, shorter, and more obtuse, all upon shortish footstalks, and pubescent. : Flowers axillary, solitary, shorter than the leaves, large, handsome, white. Peduncles about two inches long, downy, triangular upwards. Is aaggeh of two large, concave, ovate, acute, nerved, pubescent, opposite, erect leaflets. Calyz of 5 small, erect, glabrous, shining, pale leaflets, which are entirely covered and concealed by the bractez. cam et the limb spreading, large, cut into 5 obtuse, subcrenulate, rounded, pli- cate lobes. Stamens shorter than the tube. Filaments subulate, com- Pressed, white, with yellowish glands at the margins. Anthers oblong, yellow. Pistil as long as the stamens. Germen small, 5-lobed. Style fi- liform, white. Stigmas two, rounded, incurved. Introduced to this country from North America by WIL- LIAM Hamiton, Esq. in 1796, according to Hortus Kew- VOL. It. ensis; but still, I believe, rare in our gardens, and no figure has yet appeared in any publication. PursH mentions it as inhabiting, but rarely, dry hills from Pennsylvania to Carolina; and Mr Ex.iorr gives the same stations, from which I infer that he has not himself seen it in a wild state. The specimen here figured, flowered in Mr SmitH’s Nursery, Ayr, from roots brought by Mr Goxpre from the northern part of the State of New York, where they grew in sandy woods. The genus Calystegia was established by Mr Brown, and designed to include particularly our Convolvulus sepium ‘and soldanella. The learned author, I am aware, mentions the Conv. spithameus as doubtfully belonging to it. But as the bractee so entirely accord with one of the most essential characters of the genus, I have followed Pursu and the au- thor of the Hortus Suburbanus, in retaining it in Calyste- ta. The Cal. tomentosa of Pursu (C. stans, M1cH.), seems to be very nearly allied to the present species, as far as I can judge from the definition, the principal characters consisting in the tomentose rather than pubescent covering to the former, the acuminate leaves, and the stem bearing flowers from its lower part. Fig. 1. Flower in bud. Fig. 2. Bractez, calyx and pistil. Fig, 3. Pistil Fig. 4. Stamen.—All more or less magnified. hos Liha 7 C7 hy 98 BERBERIS aristata. Aristate Barberry. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. BERBERIDES. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx hexaphyllus (squamis 3 extus stipata). Petala sex, in- tus biglandulosa. Anther@ valvis dehiscentes. Bacca monolocularis, di- — tri- (poly-) sperma.—DC. Berberis aristata; spinis simplicibus tripartitisve, foliis coriacels ob- ovato-oblongis ciliato-dentatis (integerrimisque), racemis compositis nutantibus multifloris, petalis emarginatis. B. aristata, De Cann. Syst. Veg. v. ii. p. 8. “ B. chitria, Bucuan. in Herb, Linn.”—Bot. Reg. t.729- é B. sinensis, Desr. Cat. 1804, p. 150.?—Dr CaNDoLLe, Regn. Veg. v. il- p- 8. The flowering plants in our garden scarcely exceed two feet in height, branch- ed, the branches erect, brown, terete, their new shoots almost red. in clusters of four or five, dark green, (in the young shoots pale green, and margined with red), coriaceous, nerved, reticulated when dry, ob- longo-obovate, attenuated at the base, acute at the extremity, their mae gins more or less ciliato-dentate, in some varieties occasionally oo tire. At the base of each cluster of leaves is a single or trifid spine, ha- ving its segments spreading, of a greenish colour inclining to red, suc- culent when young; when old hard and brown. : From the centre of several of these clusters of leaves arises a drooping 74- ceme, about four inches long, with the pedicels branched and forked, each of the ramifications of a reddish colour, swollen at the extremity and at the base, the latter being invested with numerous, small, acute, bright red bracteas. Flower large, drooping, having externally at ee ner or six concave deciduous bracteas, red in the outer ones, the innermost yellow, and gradually assuming the shape of the leaflets of the calyx. Calyx of six leaves, alternately larger, yellow, entire. Corolla = og gular, nearly erect, ovate, concave petals, with two folds or plicee se in, two small, honey-bearing glands near the base, and notched at top. Stamens six, one within each petal, yellow. Filament stout, “ truded beyond the cells of the Anther, which are placed on each side the filament, and open by valves which fly upwards to permit of vied cape of the Pollen. Germen oblong, green. ‘Style extremely short, hick: Stigma large, thick, greenish, peltate. VOL. 1. Raised from seeds which were sent to our Botanic Garden by Dr Wat icu, who had received them from Nepal, where this species of Berberis appears to have been first discovered by Dr BucHanan Hamixton. It forms a small and hand- some shrub, not much unlike the common European species, but with leaves of a far more coriaceous texture, and more dis- tinctly ciliato-dentate, its flowers much larger, and with more spreading floral coverings, and the petals emarginate at the ex- tremity. I find by the specimens of this plant in my herbarium, which I have received from Dr Wauuicu, and from Sir James E. Smiru, that not only are its leaves liable to much variation in their greater or less degree of denticulation, some of these being quite entire at the margins; but also that the spines are equally dissimilar, many being quite simple, others having two small lateral spines, and others again with all of these equal in length: sometimes they are wholly wanting. Fig. 1. A flower-bud shewing its bracteas, which soon after expansion fall away. Fig. 2. Expanded flower. Fig. 3. Stamen with cells opening by valves. Fig. 4. Pistil with its two glands. Fig. 5. Pistil: a, The recep- tacle from which the petals and the calyx are removed; b, The enlarged summit of the pedicel.—All more or less magnified. : 99 CALCEOLARIA rucosa. Sage-leaved Shpper-flower. DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. SCROPHULARINA, Juss..Br. Kunth. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx quadripartitus. Corolla bilabiata ; labium inferius’ in- flatum, calceiforme. Capsula semibivalvis : valvulis bifidis —Vahl. Calceolaria rugosa; foliis lanceolatis insequaliter serratis rugosis glabris, pedunculis terminalibus di- trichotomis. C. rugosa, “ Fi. Peruv. v.i. p. 19. t. 28. f. 6.” —Vaux, Enum. v. i. p. 188. _C. integrifolia; foliis indivisis, “ Linn. in Act. Holm. 1770?—Syst. Veg. ed. 13. p- 61 >” “ Calceolaria salvie folio, vulgo Chacaul, Fruit. Peruv. v. iii. p. 13. t. 7. £1.” Stem one and a half to two feet in height, erect, branched from the axils of the leaves, particularly near the base, terete, of a purple-brown colour, slightly pubescent or hairy above. Leaves numerous but distant, oppo- site and connate at the base, lanceolate, patent and recurved, acute, at~ tenuated at the base into a short kind of footstalk, the margin acutely and distantly unequally serrated or dentato-serrate, distinctly veined and wrinkled, beneath having the veins prominent ; the whole of the leaves are glabrous, except in the young leaves, where a decided pubescence 1s visible on the under side: the colour a yellowish-green. Flowers placed in large, handsome panicles, at the extremity of the stems, the panicle di- or trichotomous in its ramification, the ultimate branch- let, however, being subumbellate. Bracteas placed in pairs at the base of each division of the panicle, the lowermost ones scarcely differing from the leaves but in being shorter and broader, the upper ones gradually smaller and more cordate. Calyx of four green, spreading, broadly ovate obtuse leaves, glabrous or very minutely ciliated at the margin, veined. Corolla of a fine deep yel- low, large and glabrous, slipper-shaped ; the upper lip remarkably short, the lower one large, globose, with the sides and extremity singularly in- volute and hidden within the cavity, the whole curved upwards so as to cover the upper lip, and almost wholly concealing it. Stamens placed upon a raised margin at the base and within the upper lip of the corolla ; Filaments short, subulate. Anther white, of two oblong lobes, placed end to end, and deflexed before bursting, and white, afterwards rising Up~ VOL. IL. wards, becoming horizontal, and opening on the top. Pollen whitish. Germen broadly ovato-conical, green, minutely glandular, running up in-. to a shortish style. Stigma rather acute. Under my description of Calceolaria paralia, 1 hinted at another fine species of this genus, likewise received from Chili, “which was expected soon to blossom in the stoves of the Bota- nical Garden at Edinburgh. Fine flowering specimens of this were sent to me by my valued friend Dr GranaM in July, to- gether with an exact delineation of the plant by Mr GReE-- VILLE. Here, again, as in the former instance, T have to regret my inability to have recourse to the rare works on the Peruvian Plants, published by. CAVANILLES, FEvILLEE, and Ruiz and Pavon. As far, however, as I can judge from the de-. scriptions of the Calceolarie in V AHL’s Enumeratio Plan- tarum, the present individual is the C. rugosa * of that work and of the Flora Peruviana, where it is described as an in- habitant of sandy places in Chili. In the size and general aspect of the flowers, a considerable: affinity may be perceived between this and the C. paralia al- . ready figured in this work ; but here the involution of the mar-— gin, and the curvature of the lower lip, are much more remark- . able. The leaves are quite different, numerous upon the stem, . ~ much’ resembling, as is remarked in the Enumeratio Planta-- rum, those of Salvia officinalis. Fig. 1; Corolla. Fig. 2. Section of the same. Fig. 3. Flower from —_ the lower lip of the corolla is removed, to shew the uppet lip oe the pistil and the stamens. Fig. 4. Stamens. Fig. 5. Stamen, after All opening of the valves of the Anther. Fig. 6. Calyx and more or less magnified. * Since the above description was written, a Calceolaria has ap . sak pore Plate of the Botanical Register, which is given as the true C. integrifolia whe ai ae Veg. This plant we possess in the Botanic Garden ; but it has not b amr It differs from our C. rugosa, in the downy, larger, and more ly serrated lem and, according to the figure, in the pubescent corolla. S00 100 CAROLINEA asa. White-flowered Carolinea. MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA.—Nat. Orv. MALVACE. Gen. Cuar.—Calyz subtruncatus. Filamenta ramosa. Stylus longissimus, Stigmata sex. Capsula lignosa, unilocularis, polysperma—W. Carolinea alba; foliis septenatis, foliolis elliptico-lanceolatis, corolla ex- tus fasciculato-tomentosa, tubo staminifero longo quinquelobo, fila- mentis dichotomis. C. alba, Loppices, Bot. Cabinet, t. 752. Stem arboreous, of considerable height, twenty feet in the stove of the Liver- pool Garden. Leuves upon footstalks, a foot or more long, septenate, leaflets from 4 to 6 or even 8 inches in length, elliptical, lanceolate, oe" tire, glabrous, veined, rather obtuse at the point, at the base tapering ra- © _ ther suddenly into a petiole of about an inch in length. ; Flowers solitary, axillary. Peduncle about an inch and a half long, thick, green. Calya an inch in length, and rather more in breadth, cup-shaped, glabrous, green, truncate at the margin, or very obscurely or obtusely lobed, within brown and shining, yellow in the lower half. P. etals five ; four or five inches long, linear-oblong, slightly connected at their very base, white, with a greenish tinge, or yellowish only in the lower half’: between membranaceous and carnose, and covered with numerous, mi- nute, scattered tufts of short dark fasciculated hairs, which give the whole a pubescent appearance, within glabrous. Tube of the read ne cP inch and a half or two inches long, cylindrical, white, thick and fleshy, at the top five-lobed, having the outside of the lobes bearing a great number of long, whit®, forked filaments, rather shorter than the corolla, each branch tipped with a reniform, single-celled, transverse, brown An- ther, of which the under side is waxy, and apparently discharges pollen _ 88 well as the vertical suture above, which never appears to coped which, when cut open, is found to contain also a waxy substance, Seer with the pollen. The pollen, however, separates from ee, _- on Scattered over the surface of the anthers, in the form of triangular, ls granules, with a globule at each angle. Sometimes there are two ce upon one filament; but in that case the filament is not forked ; so that it would appear, that the bifurcation is the splitting of a filament, each of Which carries a cell of the anther. Pistil: Germen small, rt ag F yellow, with 6 angles, and 6 (or 7) cells, tapering into a filiform style, : rather longer than the stamens, slightly curved, white at the base, the VOL, Il, rest rose-coloured. Stigma obscurely 6 or 7-lobed, distinctly so in Lop- pices’ figure, so that perhaps mine was injured in the carriage. * First noticed by Messrs Loppices in their Botanical Ca- binet, and figured there under the name of Carolinea alba; but unfortunately without any specific character, or indication of marks, by which it might be distinguished from other spe- cies of the same genus. Native of the Braziis, and communicated to me by my at- tentive friends Messrs SHEPHERDS of the Liverpool Garden, in the month of January. The blossom exhales a faint and unpleasant smell. On comparing this plant with some noble specimens of Ca- rolinea insignis, which I received from my valued correspon- dent the Reverend Lanspown Gurip1ne of St Vincent's, a very striking similarity was observable between them. The leaves are very nearly the same, and so is the general aspect of | the inflorescence; but in the C. insignis, the flower is almost twice the length of that of C. alba, the tube of the stamens is di- vided into a number of bundles of filaments, and the outside of the corolla is wholly and minutely pubescent, and by no means fasciculato-pubescent. Very nearly allied to the present plant, is likewise the Bombax heptaphyllum ; the flower of which, in the specimens sent to me by Dr Carry of Serampore, has the petals clothed on the outside With a similar fasciculated pubescence ; but of which the calyx is deeply lobed, the petals are short and broad- er, and the filaments, though decidedly forked, have only a very short tube at the base. Still, I should think, in spite of these differences, that the two plants properly belong to the same genus. Indeed, as it appears to me, the genera of Bombaz, Carolinea and Pachira, require a thorough revision, and ample descriptions to be made from fresh specimens. In having cells to the fruit, this plant departs from the generic character of Carolinea. ) Fig. 1. Forked filament. Fig. 2, 3. Anthers. Fig. 4. Double anther. Fig. o Pollen. Fig. 6. Calyx cut open, shewing the pistil. Fig. 7- Section. the germen. Fig. 8. Portion of a petal, to shew the tufts of hairs. Fig. 9. Tuft of hairs.—Al more or less magnified. * DEBS ay $ ‘ a3) FCC AMA = wr Var e 101 TRLXIS seneciormeEs Groundsel-like Trixis. SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA /EQUALIS.—Nat. ‘Orn. CICHORACE, Div. LABIATIFLORA, De Cand.—Tris. NASSAU VIA, Cass. Gen. Cuar.—Involucrum ovatum, imbricatum, foliolis inequalibus. Fiosculi omnes hermaphroditici, bilabiati, exteriores majores radium emulantes, labio exteriore plano majore tridentato ; interiore parvo bidentate. Pap- pus pilosus, sessilis. Receptaculum nudum aut subpilosum.—De Cand. ‘Trixis senecioides ; herbacea pubescens, foliis sinuato-pinnatifidis denta- tis, caulinis amplexicaulibus. An annual, herbaceous, slender plant, of about one foot, or a foot and a half in height. Stem branched, especially upwards, in a dichotomous manner, branches pubescent. Leaves distant, the lower ones 3 or 4 inches in length, oblong, rather narrower towards the base, when they become semi- amplexicaul, throughout their whole length sinuato-pinnatifid; the seg- ments rounded, and more or less toothed: the upper leaves (mostly at the dichotomies of the branches) much smaller, toothed and lobed at the margin, waved and subtortuose, amplexicaul, broad and almost auricu- lated towards the base, all of them rather dark green, and very minutely pubescent, on the under side whitish and somewhat cottony. Flowers of a moderate size, pure white. nvolucre hemispherical, com of se- veral linear-lanceolate, imbricated, erect, pubescent scales, the outermost of which are the smallest. Receptacle flat, punctated, naked in the centre, near the margin having a circle or single series of upright, gla- brous, chaffy, linear-oblong, denticulated scales, nearly equal in height to those of the involucre. Florets, a few of the larger ones on the outside of the chaffy scales of the receptacle, but the greater number within them, tubular in the lower half, above divided into two very unequal ligulate lips; of these the outer one is much the largest, ovato-oblong, more or less recurved, and obscurely 3-toothed at the extremity, pure white ; the interior one small, revolute, ligulate, at first white, at length transversely wrinkled and horn-colored. The larger lip I have, in one instance, seen divided into two unequal Portions longitudinally. Stamens 5, syngenesious. i Anthers yellow, their base produced on each 4 their extremities with long upright appendages, which, from a yellows colour at first, become afterwards almost black. Germen oblong, hispid, VOL. II. surmounted with a pappus, which is covered with shortish hairs. Style at first (as well as the stigma) concealed within the anther-tube, after- wards exceeding it in length, white. Stigma bipartite, segments linear, spreading, extremities obtuse. Achenium (immature) oblong. Pappus plumoso-pilose. A native of Chili, whence seeds were communicated to our garden by Mr Crurksuanxs. The plant blossomed in the months of August and September in the greenhoyse, and pre- sented, in that state, both in its leaves and flowers, a striking similarity to those of Senecio elegans. — On a more accurate inspection of the structure of the blos- soms, however, it will be at once seen that the plant cannot be- long to the same order of the Class Syngenesia; the florets being by no means in any part tubular, nor do they aecord with the generality of the ligulate florets of the Nat. Ord. Compo- site ; for here the corolla is distinctly two-lipped, one lip, in- deed, being considerably smaller than the other, and soon be- coming revolute, coloured, and wrinkled. Of a considerable number of plants belonging to this fa- mily, having the peculiarity of structure just mentioned, La- Gasca and DE CaNDOLLE, about the same time, constituted a tribe, distinct from the other Composite, but whose place was between the Cichoracece and Cinarocephale ; the former giving it the name of Labiatiflore; the second that of Che- nanthophore. Most of the genera of this tribe are included either in the Mutisie of CAsstnt, or else in his Nassauvie; to the latter our present plant belongs. That author, guided by natural affinities, has, with great propriety, placed the Nassauvie next to Senecionce. Fig. 1. Section of the receptacle and involucre. Fig. 2. Scale of the invo- lucre. Fig. 3. Scale of the receptacle. Fig. 4 Young floret, the lips not fully expanded. F ig. 5. Floret from the centre of the receptacle. Fig. 6. Floret from the circumference. Fig. 7. Anthers. Fig. 8. Young fruit. Fig. 9. Portion of the pappus.—All more or less magnified. 102 COCCOLOBA p1versiro.ia. Various-leaved Seaside Grape. OCTANDRIA DIGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. POLYGONES. Gen. Coar.—Calyz quinquepartitus, coloratus. Corolla 0. Bacca calycina, monosperma.— VW. Coccoloba diversifolia ; foliis ramusculorum ovatis, ramorum ovato-cor- datis.—Jacq. : C. diversifolia, Jac. Am. Bot. p. 114. t. 76.—Wip. Sp. Pl. v. ii. p. 458. A small tree, reaching in the stove of the Liverpool Botanic Garden to the height of eight or ten feet, compact in its mode of growth. Branches cylindrical, greenish-brown, the young ones green. Leaves varying from ovato-cordate, as are the greater number, to ovate, as in those growing upon the ultimate branchlets; subcoriaceous, smooth, bright green, ra- ther shining, glabrous, the margin quite entire, the extremity rather ob- tuse, veined, petiolated ; petioles short, flattened above. Racemes, or rather spikes, from four to six inches in length, filiform, green. Flowers rather distantly placed, in pairs (vide Fig. 4.), each pair inclosed in a somewhat truncated, membranaceous bractea, nearly sessile ; one flowering long before the other. Calyx deeply divided into five ovate lobes, about half inferior, pale yellow-green, concave, slightly tubercled externally, at length reflexed: its xstivation imbricating. Corolla none. Stamens eight, scarcely longer than the segments of the calyx, filiform, all united into one annular body at the base around the pistil. Anthers » didymous, pale yellow. Pistil: Germen more than half inferior. Styles » tapering upwards, curved at the extremity, and obtuse at the Point ; Stigmas obtuse. Native of the West Indies (St Domingo, according to Jacquin), and received by Messrs SHEPHERD at the excel- t Botanic Institution of Liverpool under the name of Coc- coloba barbadensis. From that species, however, as it is fi- gured and described by Jacqutn, Obs. t. 8. who only appears to have known the plant without flower, it differs in the even, not waved margin of its leaves; and it appears so entirely to VOL, 11, agree with the C. diversifolia of the same author, published in his Stirpes Americane, that I have no hesitation in adopting that specific name. ‘The germen is, for the greater portion of its length, inferior, in at least this species of the genus; and the fruit is described by JACQUIN as a roundish drupe, about the size of a small cherry, umbilicated and furrowed at the top by the connivent segments of the calyx or perianth. This fruit is of a beautiful purple colour within, possessing a flavour similar to that of C. wvifera, but more austere, and is eaten only by children and the Negroes. The annexed delineation was taken in the month of Ja- nuary. Fig. 1. Front view of a flower. Fig. 2. Stamen. Fig. 3. Upper part of the Germen and Styles. Fig. 4. Two flowers surrounded by the bractea ; a, Inferior portion of a germen; 6, Unexpanded stamens of the calyx. Fig. 5. Pistil; the calyx and stamens being removed.—All more or less magnified. 103 POLYSTACHYA tuvrTeota. Pale-flowered Polystachya. * GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nat. Orv. ORCHIDEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Petala resupinata, conniventia, duobus superioribus basi unitis gibbosis duobus interioribug multo minoribus. Labellum articulatum, sessile. Anthera operculiformis, libera. Massa Pollinis quatuor, hemi- sphericze, ceracee, pedicello glanduloso affixe. Polystachya Juteola. Dendrobium polystachion, Swartz, De Orchid. p. 95—Wi.tn. Sp. Pl. v. iv. p. 187.—Linpt. Coll. Bot. t. 20. Cranichis luteola, Sw. Ind. Occ. v. iii. p. 1433. Epidendrum minutum, Aust. Pi. Guian. Root composed of several thickish, white, flexuose, simple fibres. Stem none. Leaves two in number, from threesto five inches long, lanceolate, obtuse, obscurely striated, attenuated at the base, and springing from a onal bulb, which is ovate and covered at its base, where it is fixed upon the fibres, with brown membranaceous scales. Scape about seven inches in height, much compressed, two-edged, and cloth- ed with a long membranaceous sheath, bearing at the extremity five or six racemes or spikes of small, pale green, resupinate * flowers, which have each a minute lanceolate bractea. Peduncle or rachis about an inch long, beset with as many teeth-like bracteas as there are flowers. The three outer segments of the corolla are subconnivent and green, the two outermost ones much the largest, broadly ovate, united at the back, and very gibbous above, somewhat open in the front, one-nerved, the lower- most one narrow, standing forward. The two inner agus very nar- row, linear, pale green. Lip yellowish, articulated with the decurrent base of the column, obovato-oblong, standing forward, concave, downy within, three-lobed at the extremity, the two lateral lobes small, straight, the intermediate one broad, curved back, waved. Germen rather longer _ than the flower, subclavate, furrowed. Column very short, its base de- current with the back of the two superior petals, and thus uniting them. niga i nnn er hideous the la- * Or, more properly speaking, not resupinate. In most on B tet justly bellum is on the underside of the flower; but this position, as oe F pet most remarked, is owing to a twist in the germen. Here the germen 1s int Position, and the lip is uppermost. VOL, II. Stigma subquadrate, concave. Anther terminal, subhemispherical, two- celled. Pollen-masses two, spherical, bipartite, or rather perhaps four in number, placed in pairs, affixed to a short, white glandular footstalk. From the Liverpool collection, to which it was sent from the Kast Indies by Dr Watuicn. Swarrz states that the Polystachya is an inhabitant of the Isle of France, as well as of Jamaica and Hispaniola in the West Indies. ; Mr Linp ey has given an admirable figure and descrip- tion of the plant in his Collectanea Botanica ; but he had not seen the pollen-masses in a perfect state. Still, judging from the habit of the individual, he thought that it would be desirable to divide it from Dendrobium. The nature of its pollen-mass is indeed quite different, and the general structure of the flower is also very unlike that of either D. Pierardi or D. Jimbria- tum; hence, not finding that this plant would agree with any genus of orchideous plants hithétto described, I have constituted a new one, derived from moruc, many, and sayus, a spike, in allusion to its numerous spikes borne upon the same scape} a circumstance so unusual in this family. Fa EE en TLS Fig. 1. Side-view of a flower. Fig. 2. Front view of the same. Fig. 3. Front view of a flower, the lip being removed, and the petals somewhat spread open. Fig. 4. Inner view of the lip. Fig. 5. Column. Fig. 6. Inner view of an anther-case. Fig. 7. Pollen-mass—All more or less magnified. - 104° ADIANTUM cavupatvuom. Attenuated Maiden-hair Fern. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Nar. Orv. FILICES. Gen. Cuar.—Sori elongati vel subrotundi. Indusiis membranaceis e mar- gine ortis, internis dehiscentibus, inserti.—V. Adiantum caudatwm ; hirsutulum, frondibus pinnatis, pinnis oblongis obtusis dimidiatis basi truncatis, margine superiore inciso-laciniato, laciniis emarginatis, indusiis hirtis, rachi pubescente apice nuda elon- gata radicante. A.caudatum, Witup. Sp. Pl. v. 5. p.431—Scuxunr, Filic. t. 117.—BvrM. Zeyl. p. 8. t. 5. f. 1. A. hirsutum, Wiuip. Sp. Pl. p. 432. Stipes long, curved, rounded, purple, scaly at the base. Fronds a foot or more long, linear-lanceolate, flexuose, pinnated ; pinne rather closely placed, horizontal, the largest of them nearly an inch in length, oblong and dimidiate, or semiovate, obtuse, truncated at the base, slightly hairy and veiny on both sides, deeply cut on the upper edge into about five li- near, parallel, often bifid segments, each emarginate at the point and ci- liated ; the barren extremities crenated. Rachis deep purple, hairy on the upper surface, glabrous on the under side, lengthened out at the ex- tremity, naked, curved, and rooting at the very point. The Indusium or Involucre is formed by the curving inward of the extremity of each segment of the pinne, brown, hairy, rotundate. The inside of this (Fig. 3.) is covered with a great number of minute, brown, rounded, pedicellate capsules. canciniiianeniaaiianiaa tt DL This elegant Fern, which has not yet, so far as I am aware, been cultivated in our stoves, is said by WILLDENOW to be a native of Arabia Felix, Malabar, Ceylon, and Java. Dr Bu- CHANAN Hamu.TOon found the specimen from which the ac- companying figure was taken, at Gualpara, in the year 1808 ; and he states generally, that it is an inhabitant of shady spots VOL. II. . in Bengal. In his notes, Dr Hamiiton has correctly ob- served, that BuRMANN’s figure in the Thesaurus Zeylanicus, has the pinne much less deeply cut than in our plant ; still, I think that it is intended for the same species. WILLDENOW’s Adiantum hirsutum seems to differ scarce- ly at all from this. Fig. 1. Single pinna. Fig. 2. Extremity of a segment, with fructification. Fig. 3. Indusium forced back, to shew the cluster of capsules attached to its under side. Fig. 4. Capsule and seeds.—All more or less magnified. : ithe, _ Clip, ‘ fo. VA : — et ntthlil MHieCidld | GK? Gunlle Dede 105 PRIMULA sinensis. Splendid Chinese Primrose. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nat. Orv. PRIMULACEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx quinquedentatus. Corollo hypocrateriformis, tubo cy- lindrico, ore nudo. Stigma globosum. Capsula unilocularis, decem- tata. Primula sinensis ; foliis lobatis incisis hirsutis, floribus verticillatis, co- rollz limbo obliquo, calyce conico-inflato. P. sinensis, Sanrne, MSS. a, Calyce quinquedentato, corolle limbo integerrimo.—Tab. 105. 8, Calyce subdecemdentato, corollis crenato-incisis. Primula sinensis, Linntey, Coll. Bot. t. 7. Primula preniteng, Bot. Reg, t. 529. Root perennial. Leaves very soft, all of them radical, petiolated, hairy, di- vided into about seven, rather deep, ovate lobes, which are subtrifid, cut and bluntly serrated, of a rather dingy green colour, often purple be- neath, where the nerves are prominent. Petiole about two or three inches long, cylindrical, purple, grooved at the top, hairy. Scapes from four to six inches high, two or three of them arising from the same root, cylindrical, hairy, and each bearing two or three whorls of large, showy flowers, whose fragrance is very similar to that of the common primrose *, (P. acaulis). Bracteas lanceolate, cut into Jong segments at the margin, one to each pedicel. Pedicels two or three inches long, slender, filiform, patent, hairy. Calyx conical, inflated, hairy, veined, in « having five distinct acute teeth, in @ about ten unequal teeth, or being irregularly multidentate, hairy. Corolla an inch, or an inch and a half in diameter, hypocrateriform ; 1ts tube subcylindrical, yellow, slightly hairy, the limb constantly oblique, divided into five large, closely placed, obcordate, pale purple oe notched at the extremity, but otherwise being entire at the margin of a ; while in g, the margin of the segments is inciso-dentate ; the eye bright yellow. Stamens placed: within the tube, sometimes near the mouth, PLL half- way down. Filament white, short, scarcely indeed existing. Anthers oblong, yellow. Germen small, ovate, green. Style filiform, nearly as long as the calyx. Stigma capitate. ‘Tne ieeeeneetncianensiniae * The same scent is observable, though in a fainter degree, upon the foliage, VOL. Il, After such valuable figures and descriptions of this plant had been given as those in the Collectanea Botanica and the Botanical Register, I should hardly have ventured upon again bringing this species before the public, were it not, that, owing to the extension of its cultivation, it has been found to vary from its original types, and thus to have effaced the most striking marks upon which its original specific character was founded ;—marks by which, in the opinion of Mr LinDLey, it seemed at variance with that of the genus itself, namely, its ten-toothed or multidentate calyx, and its inciso-crenate co- rolla. In the two individual plants which I have had the op- portunity of examining, the one in the Botanical Garden of Edinburgh, the other in that of Glasgow, both derived from the Horticultural Society of London, the calyx is constantly and distinctly five-toothed; and the corolla has its margin as entire as that of any other Primula. . The variation (for the subject of the present plate we shall consider as the original stock) may, as Mr GAWLER has inti- mated, arise from luxuriance, or it may prove to be of a more permanent nature. The obliquity of the limb of the corolla is a striking and very constant character, as is also the verticillate inflorescence. Our plants of P. sinensis have been in flower during al- most the whole winter, being kept in a cool airy part of the greenhouse; but the season is unfavourable to the ripening of the seed. For the truly beautiful drawing from which the annexed engraving was made, I am indebted to my friend R. K. GRE- VILLE, Esq.; and for many of the above remarks to Dr GRAHAM. ; Fig. 1. Corolla, cat open. Fig. 2. Calyx. Fig. 3. Section of a caly%, © shew the pistil within,—more or less magnified. . ~ one i eS ~ ee gt eae SM ee sas asa! €: i ee A wete* oCuitllena forvile : 106 SCUTELLARIA parvuza. Small American Skullcap. DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA—Nat. Orv. LABIATZ£. Gen. Cuar.—Calyz ore integro : post florescentiam clauso, operculato. Co- rolla tubus elongatus.—Pers. ; Scutellaria parvula; glanduloso-pubescens, foliis ovatis integerrimis ses- silibus conformibus, floribus axillaribus solitariis. S. parvula, Micu. Fl. Bor. Am. v. ii. p. 11.—Pursn, N. Am, Fl. v- ii: p. 412. Root, in my specimens, apparently annual, according to Purs biennial, small, fibrous. Plant everywhere covered with short, glandular, pu- bescence. Siem erect, from 2 to 4 or 5 inches high, simple, or throwing out a few branches from its base, erect, four-sided, leafy. Leaves small, opposite, ovate, entire, the margins slightly recurved, the lowermost ones, or root leaves, shortly petiolate, the rest quite sessile, veined. Flowers springing singly from the axils of the uppermost leaves, opposite, pale purplish-blue, placed on short footstalks. Calyx subcylindrical, green, tinged with purple, glandular, the back of the crest however gla- brous, two-lipped, the dips entire: in a more advanced state, the crest becomes greatly enlarged, and forms a sort of helmet or lid to the ‘top. Corolla glandular, with a longish tube, curved upward, and there en- larged, two-lipped ; the upper lip very short, 3-lobed, the two lateral lobes small, minutely crenate, the intermediate one notched, as if for the reception of the two upper stamens ; lower lip large, pendent, 3-lobed, the intermediate lobe the largest, all of them slightly crenate at the mar- gin. Stamens white. Anthers 1-celled, slightly ciliated. Germen form- ed of four rounded, green lobes, placed upon the top of a pedicelliform receptacle, which has a large, glandular, yellow swelling at the base. Style scarcely so long as the flower. Stigma bifid. The Scutellaria parvula was first discovered by MicHavux in the territory of the Ilinois, North America: it grows als _ in Canada, and is described in the Flora *Borealis Amert- cane. Mr Goxpre brought home dried specimens and seeds from the British settlements in Canada, and succeeded in VOL, II. raising plants in the nursery at Monkswood Grove, Ayr. In cultivation, the S. parvula attains to twice the size of the in- dividuals here represented, which are native specimens, and has also many branches springing from the base of the stem. This species is doubtless very nearly allied, as MicHaux remarks, to S. minor of our own country: in the latter plant, — however, the leaves are more decidedly heart-shaped at the base, they have also a short petiole, and the whole herb is but slightly pubescent, never glandular ; added to which, its flowers are of a very different figure, and their colour is a pale pink, spotted on the lower lip. Fig. 1. Flower. Fig. 2. Advanced calyx, enclosing the almost fully formed fruit. Fig. 3. Portion of one of the stamens. Fig. 4. Pistil—? potysuzson. Bulb-bearing Epidendrum. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nart. Orv. ORCHIDEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Columna cum angue labelli longitudinaliter connata in tubum (quandoque decurrentem ovarium). Masse pollinis quatuor, parallele, septis completis persistentibus distincte, basi filo granulato elastico auc- te.—Br. Epidendrum polybulbum ; caule repente bulbifero, bulbis diphyllis uni- floris, flore pedunculato, lamina labelli cordata.—Sw. E. polybulbon, Sw. Fi. Ind. Occ. p. 1491. Stem parasitic, long, filiform, creeping, jointed, branched, throwing out long, white, simple fibres from the joints. Joints covered with brown, shea ing scales. At every third joint there arises, constantly according Swartz, an oblong, compressed, green, fleshy bulb, tapering at the base into a sort of footstalk, and partly clothed with membranaceous scales, terminating above in two oblong, green, somewhat succulent, emarginate leaves, having a central rib, which is prominent on the under side. Peduncle solitary from between the leaves, and scarcely longer than they are, erect, inclined at the extremity, jointed and clothed with sheathing scales, terminated by a single flower. eee Calyx erecto-patent, of five linear, lanceolate, pale yellow-green leaflets, the three outermost of these with three faint reddish lines, the two innermost rather the narrowest, and with only one red line. Labellum scarcely larger than the petals, white, nearly plane, orbiculato-cor- date, waved at the margin, emarginate at the extremity, the base ungui- culate, having the lower part of the claw united with the base of the co- lumn, and decurrent for a little way with the base of the germen. Co- lumn short, semicylindrical, with two teeth-like processes at the margin, and two horn-like acuminated processes at the extremity, deep purple, its margins white. Anther terminal between the horns, operculate, purple, 2-celled, cells with a partition. Each cell contains two obovato-hemi- spherical compressed pollen-masses, each pair of which terminates in a tail-like appendage, which is applied to the edge t he masses (in the same mode as the radicle of the embryos of many cruciform plants is ap- plied to the edge of the cotyledons), with a gland at the extremity. VOL, I. Introduced from Jamaica by CHarLes Horsrat1z, Esq. of Everton, near Liverpool, and presented by that gentleman to the Liverpool Botanic Garden, where it flowered in Decem- ber 1822. Swartz describes this delicate little plant as inhabiting the high mountains of Jamaica, attached to the trunks of trees; and Mr Wi.Es informs Mr SHEeruerp that it presents there a beautiful appearance, when it is seen growing in large quan- tities, flowering abundantly, and creeping among the moss at the roots of trees. Unlike the Epidendrum nutans figured in this work, whatever portion of the labellum is connate with the column, is so only at its very base. @ Fig. 1. Flower, with its petals spread open. Fig. 2. Column and lip. Fig. 3. Column, front view. Fig. 4. Anther-case. Fig. 5. Pollen-masses. 113 IANTHA patuipirtora. Pale-flowered Iantha. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDEA. Gen. Cuar.—Petala minuta, conniventia, subaqualia, libera, inferne una cum labello magno dilatato inarticulato, breviter obtuse calcarato. An- thera operculiformis, libera. Masse pollinis duo, dorso lobulato pedicello glanduloso affixe. Tantha pallidiflora. Stem none. Leaves binate, linear-lanceolate, four or five inches long, gla- brous and nerveless. Scape arising from between these leaves, in the present individual about half a foot high, and simple; but evidently, as may be seen from the vestiges of the old scapes which had blossomed in their native country, sometimes attaining a much greater height, and branched ; cylindrical, glabrous, jointed, with scales at the joints, having small bracteas at the base of each flower. Flowers lax and distantly placed. Petals very small, connivent and stand- ing forward, so as to conceal the column of fructification, the three outer- most smallest and equal in size, the two innermost larger and broader, all of them white with purple stripes; united together with the label- lum at the base, so as to form a short, obtusely 2-lobed spur. Lip very large, pendent, nearly plane, 2-lobed, at the base furnished with two yellow tubercles, the rest of it white, with faint purplish streaks, its mar- gin waved. Germen slender, pedicelliform, twisted. Column very short. Stigma concave, green. Anther hemispherical, yellowish, with two purplish spots, operculiform, free. Pollen-masses two, yellow, coriaceous, each with a small lobe behind, and fixed to a linear, oblong, white foot- stalk, which has at its base an oblong gland ; this gland projects beyond the operculum, where that is fixed upon the column. The subject of the accompanying plate seems to be too in- teresting for me to neglect this opportunity of figuring it, al- though, as far as can be conjectured from some old scapes which remain on the plant, another season might have afforded much finer flowering stems. The individual from which the drawing VOL. Il. was made, came from Trinidad, whence it was sent by our hi- beral friend Baron pE Scuack, M. D. and. flowered in the stove of the Glasgow Botanic Garden in the month of Novem- ber. It belongs to Mr Brown’s Section LV. in Hort. Kew. ; but I can find no genus to which it may be satisfactorily re- The similarity of the flowers, as to their general effect, with those of some species of Violets, have suggested to me the appellation of Iantha. Fig. 1. Single flower. Fig. 2. Lip and spur. Fig. 3. Spur and column of _ fructification. Fig. 4. Column from which the anther-case is removed, shewing the pollen-mass. Cfo WA y, 7 ly YU plt ae PL Al Jil 4a YP thee 114 POLYPODIUM puanracinewom. Plantain-leaved Polypodium. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Nat. Orv. FILICES. Gen. Cuar.—Sori subrotundi, sparsi. Indusia nulla. Polypodium plantagineum ; frondibus late lanceolato-oblongis glabris obtusiusculis apice emarginatis proliferis, soris biserialibus. a, Stipite rachique subtus paleacis. Lingua cervina latifolia, pedunculis squamosis, Pium. Fil. t. 128. 8, Polypodium plantagineum, Jacg. Coll. v. ii. p. 104. t. 3. f. 1—Swarrz, Syn. Fil. p. 29.—Witp. Sp. Pl, v. 5. p. 161. Caudex, according to Piumtrr, creeping, knotty, but destitute of chaff-like scales, and emitting from below several branching radicles._ Stipes from 4 to 6 or 8 inches in length, brown, with numerous chaff-like scales. Frond from 6 inches to a foot long, broadly lanceolato-oblong, sometimes approaching to obovato-oblong, the margin waved, entire, the base acute or slightly attenuated, the apex subacuminated, obtuse, and emarginate, in some instances bearing a scaly bulb or gemma, or throwing out a new plant, which taking root soon attains as great a size as the parent indivi- dual. Midrib chaffy on the underside (which, as well as the stipes in the var. 8, is destitute of scales) ; lateral veins rather distant, parallel, nearly horizontal, waved ; from these, almost at right angles, spring in a curved direction, other lesser veins or veinlets, which again branch out and anastomose so minutely as scarcely to be visible to the naked eye. Texture of the frond thin, and almost membranaceous. Between these curved second veinlets are placed the spots of fr ructification, two or four between each pair, and in two rows at equal di from and between each pair of primary veins. Clusters small, composed of several pedicellated capsules. A native of Martinique, according to Jacqurn and Piv- MIER ; for there is no difference between the plants mentioned by tis two authors, except that the one has the stipes and un- der side of the midrib chaffy, and the other has not. VOL. 11, The Reverend LanspoWn GuILpING sent me some ex- cellent specimens from the Island of St Vincent’s, where they grow upon the ground in moist and: shady situations, and al- ways either bearing offspring at the extremity of the frond, or having within the notch at the point a scaly bulb, which en- closes the gemma. Accurately as this fern is figured and described both by PLuMIER and WILLDENOW, it is singular that neither of them should have spoken of this remarkable property; both, however, have figured the notch at the extremity, and the for- mer author has not omitted to represent the scaly bud within it The plant becomes of a dingy blackish-green when dried. Fig. 1. Portion of the frond, to shew the reticulations, and the situation of the sori. Fig. 2. Portion of a cluster of capsules and seeds.—All more or less magnified. F 4 5 115 PRESCOTIA pranvtacinirotia. Plantain-leaved Prescotia. GYNANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Onp. ORCHIDE#. Sect. II. Anthera stigmati parallela persistens. Masse pollinis vel ee pusculis angulatis ; apicibus stigmati afize.—Bn. Prodr Gen. Cuarn.—Perianthium rectum (resupinatum auctorum). Lacinie revo- lute, duz superiores basi connate: Labellum erectum, carnosum, cucul- latum, integerrimum, columnam minutissimam amplectens. Anthera bi- locularis persistens, stigmati parallela: Pollinia 2, didyma, granulosa, apice glandula gynizo retuso affixa.—Lindl. MSS. Prescotia plantaginifolia, Linpi. Hist. Orchid. ined. Stem about a foot and a half in height, cylindrical, somewhat furrowed up- wards, glabrous. Leaves several, the lower ones largest, 5 or 6 inches in length, erecto-patent, broadly oblong or ovato-lanceolate, bluish-green, scarcely striated, rather thick, sheathing at the base; as they ascend the stem the leaves become gradually smaller and squamiform, or bractei- form, closely appressed. Spike 4-6 or 8 inches long, consisting of very many Close, small, green, erect, appressed and resupinate flowers, each subtended by a lanceolate bractea, about half the length of the germen. Rachis stout, green, glabrous, furrowed downward from each side of the flowers. Corolla with the five segments small, slightly concave, green, of which the two at the back of the flower are united at the base, and somewhat gib- bous ; the two inner ones nearly equal in length to the outer, but nar- rower, pale, and of a more delicate texture. Lip resupinate, atect, Te= markably cucullate, with a small vertical opening, its texture thick and succulent, and of a darker green than the rest of the flower. Germen ob- longo-clavate, erect, not in the least twisted, scarcely furrowed. Column very short, white. Anther placed at the back of the stigma, and paral- lel with it, fixed by its base, moveable, subcordate, yellow, obtuse, 2-cell- ed. Stigma subquadrate, forming a sort of lip, which is rather shorter than the anther, notched, the notch applied near the top of the cells of the anther, and there receiving the gland of the pollen-masses, which, af- ter the bursting of the anther, are left upon the inside of the magne. They are composed of four, club-shaped, yellow, granulose bodies, united by their bases in pairs to a g. Communicated from the splendid garden of the Horticul- tural Society of London, by the liberality of its enlightened VOL. II. Directors *. To that institution it was sent, with many other rare plants, from Rio Janeiro, in the autumn of 1822, by Mr Joun Forses, a most meritorious collector to the Society, who afterwards proceeded upon a mission into the interior of Africa, where ‘he died as he was proceeding up the Zambezi river, in the 25th yéar of his age, to the irreparable loss of science, and to the great grief of his employers. This plant struck me as bearing so much similarity in its parts of fructification to those of our Malawis paludosa, that I should have been induced to refer it to that genus, if my va- lued and able friend Mr LinpLey had not expressed himself of a different opinion; and as that gentleman has devoted much attention to the Orchideous plants, with a view to pub- lishing a History of that tribe, his ideas are entitled to the highest respect. The following remarks were kindly communicated to me by Mr Linpey, along with his generic character of Pres- cotia. “ Strongly resembling this plant in habit, especially in its minute green flowers, is a singular individual, of which I possess specimens from Mexico, and which is still more nearly related to Malavis, as it agrees with that genus. in its sec- tional character. I call it : PepiLea, (from xiao, a shoe). Perianthum rectum (resupinatum aucto- rum). Lacinie ovate; duz labello supposite, caeterz (quorum interiores lineares) dependentes. Labellum erectum, ovatum, calciforme, integer- rimum, apertum. umna quadrata, minutissima. Anthera terminalis, opercularis, decidua, bilocularis. Pollinia bina, cereacea. Gyniza por- rectus, subquadratus, tridentatus. “ T have given the name Prescoria after our friend Joun Prescot, Esq. of St Petersburg, who is known no less by his acquaintance with the more minute departments of bo- tany, than by the facilities which he affords to communication between men of science in this country and in Russia.” Fig. 1. Flower of Prescotia plantaginifolia, with the corolla in the act of opening, and exposing a part of the lip. Fig. 2. Flower, fully expand- ed. Fig. 3. Back view of a flower. Fig. 4. Back view of the column _ of fructification; a, The anther; 6, The stigma. Fig 5. Front view of the column; a, The anther; 6, The stigma. Fig. 6. Front view of a column, with the stigma bent down and the anther forced up, to shew its mode of insertion ; the anther still containing the pollen-masse* Fig. 7. Front view of a column, of which the stigma bears the pollen- masses that have fallen from the cells of the anthers. Fig. 5- Pollen- - masses.—All more or less magnified. Se taeie ar et oe eared * I am desirous of here publicly acknowledging the extensive and valuable weet té the collection of living plants which our Glasgow Botanic Garden has recently © tained from this institution. Ai 116 CYMBIDIUM? sirvusercutatom. Bitubercled Cymbidium. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nat. Orv. ORCHIDE. Div. Anthera terminalis, mobilis, decidua. Masse pollinis demum cereacee.—Br. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum ecalcaratum, concavum, cum basi (simplici nec pro- ducta) columne articulatum. Pefala patentia, distincta. Masse pollinis duo, postice biloba.—Br. Cymbidium ? bituberculatum ; subbulbosum, foliis quaternis ovatis pli cato-striatis undulatis, labello reflexo, basi tuberculato, corollee laci- niis duobus interioribus angustioribus. Parasitic ? Stems about five or ‘six inches in height, erect, considerably swollen and jointed ; joints two or three inches long, cylindrical, of a dark hue, pel- lucid and green, in this respect, as Mr H. Sueruerp remarks, resembling the stems of a Balsam or Tradescantia ; each joint has a large sheathing scale, acuminated at the point. These old stems remain after flowering, and form linear, oblong, leafy bulbs, often tinged with red. From the summit of the stem rise four leaves, placed close together, each about four inches in length, ovate, erecto-patent, of a thin pegerpen eget and of a bright yellow-green colour, strongly nerved and plaited, the margin waved. The flower-stalk, about eight inches long, springs from the centre of the leaves, it is erect, leafless, remarkably angular, the angles almost winged, of a purple colour below, above paler, almost white. Flowers forming a loose, elongated spike, with very small, lanceolate, Pee e bracteas. Corolla very patent: the three outer petals oblongo-lanceo - their margins revolute, the upper one rather the longest and ang purple green: the two inner petals linear, their margins gee e. The Lip has its sides curved upward, the extremity reflexed, with two tubercles at the base; of a deep purple colour, greenish at the margin. Column whitish, quite exposed, semicylindrical, incurved, the upper it slightly winged on each side of the stigma. Anther operculiform, — , and covering four ovate, deep yellow, waxy pollen-masses, which are placed in pairs. Germen elongate, whitish, twisted. VOL. I, A spike and a leaf of this remarkable and rare orchideous plant were most liberally communicated to me in the month of February, from the only individual specimen in the Liverpool Botanic Garden, by my often mentioned friend Mr SHEPHERD, who sent me at the same time a sketch of the whole plant. To Mr SuHeruHerD, the Cymbidium bituberculatum was given by Mr Jos. Cooper, Botanic Gardener to Lord Mit- TON at Wentworth House, Yorkshire, who received it from Nepaul, of which country it is a native, at the hands of Dr Carey, and who has thus the honour of introducing it to our gardens. It flowered with Mr Cooper, for the first time, du- ring the summer of last year. I am quite aware that there exist, both in its habit and in the character of its fructification, sufficient grounds for making of this plant a distinct genus from Cymbidium ; yet, without a more intimate acquaintance with the exotic Orchidew than T have the happiness to possess, I prefer allowing it to remain as one of an old established family, to incurring the risk of bur- dening this already complex department of the system with in- correctly-defined genera. Fig. 1. Side view of a flower. Fig. 2. Front view of the same. Fig. 3. Lip. Fig. 4. Column. Fig. 5. Anther-case. Fig. 6. Pollen-masses. Fig. 7. Two of the pollen-masses separated.—All more or less magnified. Oe Je mar * 117 ASPIDIUM noposvum. Knotty-stalked Shield-Fern. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Nar. Orn. FILICES. Gen. Cuar.—Sori subrotundi, sparsi. Indusium umbilicatum vel uno latere dehiscens. Aspidium nodosum ; frondibus simplicibus oblongo-lanceolatis acumi- natis marginatis basi acutis, soris interrupte lineatim dispositis, stipite articulato glabro, caudice repente paleaceo hirsuto. A. nodosum, Witp. Sp. Pl. v. 5. p. 211. A. articulatum, Scuxunr, Fil. p. 28. t. 27. (fig. ex Plum.) Lingua cervina, pellucida, pedicellis articulatis, PLum. Fil. p. 118. t. 136. Caudex long, creeping, flexuose, thicker than a goose-quill, covered with nu- merous brown, slender, chaffy scales, and throwing up from its superior surface a great number of extremely handsome oblongo-lanceolate, bright delicate green, shining, submembranaceous fronds, from 8 inches to a foot in length, suddenly acuminated at the extremity, acute at the base, the margins every where entire, thickened and waxy: the midrib is slender and glabrous, pale brown, emitting through the substance of the fronds very numerous, closely placed, parallel horizontal nerves, most of them simple, some of them forked near the base. This frond is placed upon a stipes, 2 or 3 inches long, cylindrical, glabrous, dark brown, jointed at about the distance of $ths of an inch from the base, an swelling at the This truly beautiful and curious fern is one of those which I mentioned under the description of my Aspidiwm Wallichi, as having an articulated stipes to the frond, of which three Species are described by WILLDENOW 3 and until the indivi- VOL. IL. dual just alluded to was discovered, all the known Aspidia “ frondibus simplicibus” possessed this remarkable character. PLUMIER first described and figured the Aspidium nodo- sum from plants that he discovered on the trunks of fallen trees in the Island of Martinique, and he seems to have been much struck with its beauty. “ La racine pousse” (says he) “ en toute sa longueur des feuilles & pédicules noirs, et d’une membrane trés ferme, d’un vert foneé, si unie et si polie, que vous prendriez les feuilles pour des pieces de sa- tin, bordées d’un galon blane, et toutes traversées par des _ lignes paralléles, droites, et tirées & angles droits sur la prin- cipale uerviire.” ScHxkunr only knew the plant from Pxv- MIER’s figure; and the author of Lamancx’s Encyclopedia, as well as Swartz, appear never to have seen specimens, as they have confounded it with their 4. articulatum, a native of the Isle of France, which has never yet been delineated, and which is distinguished from the present individual by its chaffy stipes and scattered fructification. For the possession of this plant in my Herbarium, I am indebted to the Reverend Lanspown Gur.p1ne, who finds the species in the Island of St Vincent's. Fig. 1. Portion of the frond. Fig. 2. Cluster of capsules with its involucre. Fig. 3. Single capsule. Fig. 4. Seeds.—All more or less magnified. anna ee ee as TT ad ate ————— PR, Ln Geslft wr gv ee « (3 118 PRIMULA Patinvri. Palinurian Primrose. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. PRIM ULACE#. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. 5-dentatus. Cor. hypocrateriformis, tubo cylindraceo, ore nudo. Stigma capitatum. Capsula unilocularis, decemdentata. Primula Palinuri; foliis obovato-spathulatis obtusis dentato-crenatis glabris, scapo laterali foliis longiore, umbella nutante, involucri folio- lis ineequalibus maximis.—Lehm. Primula Palinuri, Jaco. Eclog. p. 63. t. 43.—TENorE, Fi. Neapolitana, t. 14. —Leum. Prim. p. 43. : Root large, thick, the upper part (which, indeed, may almost be considered a stem) appearing considerably above the ground, brown, scarred trans versely, where the old leaves have fallen away ; frequently throwing out offsets. Leaves all springing from the top of the root, about four inches long, by two and a half broad, obovato-spathulate, slightly waved, spread- ing, recurved at the extremity, obscurely veined, fleshy, entire below, toothed, or repando-dentate upwards, naked (not mealy), but slightly viscid. Scape longer than the leaves, glabrous, viscid. Bractee nume- rous, ovato-lanceolate, concave, waved ; the outermost large, dimini i gradually towards the centre, mealy- Umbel simple, very mealy, and almost white. Peduncles about as long as the tube of the corolla. Calyx one-half as long as the tube of the corolla, bluntly five-toothed; Corolla yellow, almost scentless. Tube somewhat prismatic upwards, straight. Limb suberect, more than half the length of the tube ; segments notched at the extremity ; the margins involute. Faux orange-coloured, open, mealy, destitute of teeth. Stamens inserted near the middle of the tube. Filaments very short. Anthers oblong. Pollen globular. Germen globular, green. Style filiform, as long as the tube. Stigma capitate, glandular. oo Primula Palinuri is a plant of recent introduction to our gardens, and a native of rocks at Palinuri, neat Salerno, in the Neapolitan dominions. It is most nearly allied to Primula auricula ; but differs in many essential points. LEHMANN. VOL. II. 119 DENDROBIUM Barrinertonra, Large-leaved Dendrobium, GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDES. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum ecalcaratum, articulatum cum apice processus ungui- formis, cujus lateribus petala antica adnata, calcar emulantia. Masse pollinis 4, parallele. Goat Dendrobium Barringtonie; bilbo ovato compresso-tetragono, foliis sub- ternis ovato-lanceolatis plicatis strigtis, scapo radicali solitario uni- oro. D. Barringtoniz, Sw. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p. 94.—Smitu, in Rees’ Cycl.—Bnr. in Hort. Kem. éd: 2. v. 5. p. 218. Epidendrum Barringtonie, “ Sm. Ic. Pict, t. 15.” Roots several, cylindrical, waved, fleshy fibres, springing from the lower part of the bulb. Bub three inches or more in height, and nearly as much in diameter, compressed, but four-sided, each side having a slightly promi- nent line down its centre. From the summit of the bulb spring, in this specimen, three ovato-lanceolate leaves, nearly a foot in length, tapering at the base, acute at the extremity, waved at the margins, the surface many-neryed and plicate, the colour rather a dingy green, paler beneath. At the base of the bulb, and from among the roots, arises a single scape, scarcely longer than the bulb, cylindrical, green, sheathed, with large, ovate, involute and striated, brown scales, 1-flowered. Flower largé: Pe- tals spreading, ovato-lanceolate, very obscurely striated, the three upper ones the smallest, the two larger uniting and running down at their base behind, into a large obtuse subdidymous spur, divided almost down to the base in front : all are of a rather deep yellow-green colour, tinged with brown at the extremity. Lip oblong, an inch and a half or more in length, but shorter than the petals, erecto-patent, almost pressed to the column, and articulated to it at the base, white at the lower half, the upper orange- flesh-coloured, three-lobed, the two side lobes small, incarved, the central one large, fleshy, subconcave, fringed at the margin: there are also two elevated fleshy lobes, occupying the lower half, decurrent with it, striated. Column long, white, uniting the bases of the petals, and | running down into the spur, the upper part free, slightly curved. Anther operculiform gs slightly attached behind to the back of the column, 2.celled. -masses two, one of them was wanting in the present instance, and VOL. Ti, the other, perhaps not perfect, was ovate, and appeared deeply cleft, al- most to the base, into two lobes, yellow: Stigma concave, placed just be- low the anther. Germen almost cylindrical, sulcated; curved at the top. A native of trunks of trees in Jamaica, and first made known to the scientific world by Sir J. E. Smrru in his Icones Picte, from a plant which blossomed in the garden of the Ho- nourable Mrs BarrinGTON at Mongewell, where it flowered in 1791. During the next year, the same species bloomed at Chelsea. But it seems to be rare in our gardens, and no figure of it has ever appeared in any of our more popular botanical publications. The plant from which the present drawing was taken, was imported from Jamaica by Messrs SHEPHERD five or six years ago, and flowered in the stove of the Botanic Garden at Liver- pool in April 1824. It is obviously allied to the Dendrobium Harrisonice of this work, although differing from it in many important points. Not having the opportunity of referring to Smrrn’s Icones Picte, I rely upon my friend Mr H. Sueruern, for the ob- servation that it agrees with the figure there referred to, in al- most every respect, except that the bulb is not in that repre- presented as quadrangular, as it really is in the present species, and the lip is more coloured. Fig. 1. Front view of a flower, natural size. Fig. 2. Lip. Fig. 3. Column and lower portions of the petals. Fig. 4. Upper part of the column, with the anther thrown back, to shew its inside. Fig. 5. Pollen-mass.—4ll more or less magnified. er aaa 120 DENDROBIUM Harrisonre. Mrs Harrison's Dendrobium. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nat. Orv. ORCHIDE. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum ecalcaratum, articulatum cum apice processus ungui- formis, cujus lateribus petala antica adnata, calcar emulantia. Masse pollinis 4, parallele.—Br. Dendrobium Harrisonie ; bulbo ovato unifolio, folio ovato-lanceolato undulato basi attenuato, scapo unifloro, petalis duobus inferioribus dorso unitis, apice bidentatis. Parasitical: Bulb ovate, about as large as a pigeon’s egg; faintly striated sand partly covered by a reticulated membrane, and bearing at the extre- mity a single broadly lanceolate, waved, recurved, striated leaf, about 6 or 8 inches in length, tapering at the base. From the base of this bulb arises a single scape, 4 or 5 inches in length, cylindrical, jointed, and at each joint bearing a sheathing membranous brownish scale or bractea; at the extremity having a single, large, up- right flower, and the rudiment of a second. The three outer segments of the corolla are spreading, the upper one oblong, the two lower ones united for their whole length at the back, and tapering down into a sharp- ish point, which embraces the lower part of the corolla with its involute margins, and is bifid at the extremity. The colour of the three outer pe- tals is yellow-brown, tinged more deeply at the extremity, the two inner petals are rather smaller than the outer, yellowish ; all of them ra ther thick and fleshy. The Lip is large, standing erect, and parallel with the column, narrow at the base, and yellowish, broad upwards, cut into three large lobes, beautifully marked with red veins and pubescence ; of these, the two lateral lobes are incurved, the extreme one much undulated and recurved. Within, the lip is wholly striated with red lines, except in the middle, where is a large, yellowish gland. Column long, adnate for nearly its whole length, and uniting together the base of all the petals. Anther operculiform, 2-celled. Pollen-masses in two pairs, united toge- ther at the base ; each of them is plano-hemispherical, and yellow. Gers men clavato-cylindrical, very long, green. VOL« IY. Specimens of this beautiful plant were kindly forwarded to me, in April last, by Mr Henry SHEPHERD, from the collection of Mrs ArnoLp Harrison of Aegsburgh, near Liverpool, along with an excellent drawing by the same lady. Mrs Harrison received it two years ago from her brother at Rio de Janeiro; and tlie species appearing to me entirely new, I cannot do bet- ter than honour it with the name of an individual who has not only introduced this; but many other new and rare plants to our gardens, and who cultivates them with great success. Many important points divide this species from D. Bar- ringtonie, to which it bears a considerable resemblance. Fig. 1. Side view of a flower, slightly magnified. Fig. 2. Column and lip (the latter foreshortened), together with the base of the petals. Fig. 3. Pollen-masses.—All more or less magnified. * 121 BRAYA atpina. Alpine Braya. TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA.—Nar. Orv. CRUCIFERE. Gen. Cuar.—Siliqua lineari-oblonga, subcylindracea. Stylus brevis. Se- mina biserialia. Cotyledones incumbentes. Dissepimentum medio fissum. Braya alpina; foliis spathulatis subintegerrimis glabris, caule folioso pubescente, racemo fructifero brevi. Braya alpina, Srernserc and Hoppe, Diss. cum Icon. ex Goett. an Zieg. Jan. 1817, p. 155.—De Cann. Regn. Veget. Syst. Nat. v. ii. p. 211.—DeE Less. Ic. Sel. v. ii. t. 22. (an excellent representation).—De Cano. Prodr. v. 1. p. 141. Root long, subfusiform, perennial, descending deep into the ground, and throwing out many small lateral fibres, at the upper extremity dividing into as many heads as there are stems. Stems slightly pubescent, from 2 to 3 or 4 inches in height, increasing considerably, however, as the fructification advances. Leaves rather numerous, crowded near the root, more scattered upon the stem, lanceolate, tapering below into a short footstalk in the upper individuals, into a long one in those springing from the root. Flowers in a small capitate corymb, of a pale pink or rose colour, Siliqua sometimes nearly white. Pedid€ls short, glabrous, scarcely swelling upwards. Ca- lyx of 4 ovate, obtuse, concave, erect, glabrous, green leaflets, purple at the margin. Petals broadly ovate, clawed, waved, patent, with an ob- tuse sinus at the extremity. Stamens 6 ; tetradidynamous ; the two shorter ones inserted upon a gland a little below the 4 taller ones. Anther broad- ly ovate, yellow. Pollen globular. Pistil: Germen cylindrical, hispid upon the valves, the hairs stellate, with 2 or 3 rays. Style short, and, as well as the margins of the dissepiment, glabrous. Stigma capitate, 2-lobed, glandular. rather short, somewhat more than half an inch long, cy lindrical, tur- gid, with two cells, opening with two hispid valves, and containing in each cell about 6 seeds, affixed to each side of the margin. with a central, vertical fissure, which exists in the state of the germen ; but the edges of the fissure then lap over each other in a slight degree. Seedstalk short, curved. Seeds roundish, slightly compressed, punctato- striated, brown. Embryo with the radicle curved up against the back of one of the cotyledons: VOL, II. This extremely rare plant has been introduced to our gar- dens very recently from Germany, and in the spring of the pre- sent year has produced flowers, both in our own garden and in that of Edinburgh. These individuals, however, being dwarf- ish, and considerably smaller than the wild specimens which I have received through my kind friend Dr Hornscuucu, I have represented the figure of the natural size, from one in my herbarium, and the parts of fructification from garden plants. Its native country is the Alps of Carinthia and Salzburg, where it has been found by Messrs SreERNBERG and Hopre. By them the genus Braya was established, in a work to which, unfortunately, I have at this time no access. De CANDOLLE was not acquainted with the perfect seeds: hence he has, in his Systema Vegetabilium, referred this genus to a division having the cotyledons accumbent. ‘This character alone, suf- fices to remove Braya from Arabis, as also from Mr Browy’s Parraya, while from Platypetalum it may be known by its longer, linear seedvessel, and from E'utrema by the cylindrical, not ancipitate, siliqua. Two other species are known to us, the B. glabrella of Ricuarpson, and the B. arctica, which I first established in the yet unedited Appendix to Captain Parry’s second voyage. " “ Fig. 1. Flower. Fig. 2. Flower from which the petals are removed. Fig. 3. Petal. Fig. 4. Stamen and pistil. Fig. 5. Anther. Fig. 6. Pollen. F igs. 7. and 8. Pistils. Fig. 9. Capsule (nat, Size.) Fig. 10. Capsule bursting. Fig. 11. Capsule, with one valve removed, to shew the ar- rangement of the seeds. Fig. 12. Portion of a capsule, to shew the fis- sure in the dissepiment. Fig. 13. Hairs of the valves of the capsule. Fig. 14. Side view of the Embryo. Fig. 15. Front view of the embryo: All but Fig. 9. more or less magnified. LOD —LAOANMAAc 122 - POTHOS acau zis. Stemless Pothos. TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA—Nar. Orv. AROIDE#. Gen. Cuar.—Spatha monophylla.' Spadix cylindraceus, undique floribus tectus. Perianthium tetraphyllum. Bacca tetrasperma. Pothos acaulis; foliis cuneato-lanceolatis, basi subtruncatis. P. acaulis, Jaca. St. Amer. p. 240. t. 153.—Linn. Sp. Pl. App. p. 1675.— Wittp. Sp. Pl. v. i. p. 684.—Arron, Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. i. p. 289.— Pium. Descr. des Pl. d Amer. t. 51. (not 57.) above fig. i. Parasitical in its native country upon the trunks of trees, but growing rea- dily in our stoves in pots of common mould; yet even then, its nume- rous, thick, long, simple, flexuose and fleshy fibres are principally thrown out upon the surface of the soil. From above these, the leaves immediate- ly rise without any stem, in a beautiful circular tuft, resembling, in their mode of growth, the fronds of Asplenium Nidus. These leaves, though they do not commonly exceed one or two feet in height, yet attain, in the hot-house at Liverpool, to a length of four feet, and a breadth of one. They are cuneato-lanceolate, acute or subacuminate at the extremity, at the base somewhat truncate, and shortly petiolate. The substance is thick and fleshy, or between fleshy and coriaceous, with a central strong midrib, and a few obscure, lateral nerves. From among the centre of the leaves springs up the scape, a foot and a half or more in length, cy- lyndrical, fleshy. Spatha curved downward (as is often the scape) from 4 to 6 inches long, of one piece, lanceolate, greenish, revolute. Spadix 8 or 10 inches in length, about as thick as the finger, cylindrical and ta- pering, pale green, densely and symmetrically covered with flowers ; each of which is formed of 4 truncated, subtriangular, fleshy scales, with- in each of these is a stamen, two opposite ones generally in perfection at the same time, whilst the two others are more or less advanced. Fila- ment dilated, white, flat. Anther ovato-quadrate, at first oblique, after- wards vertical, 2-celled, yellow. Germen globose, but with four obtuse angles. Stigma sessile, forming an obtuse point. ——— VOL. iy There exist no figures of this fine plant, that I am aware of, except those of Jacquin and PLuMIER above quoted, the latter of which gives a very much reduced representation of it. In both of these, however, the midrib and the lateral nerves are so distinctly marked, that I cannot but wonder at the leaves being defined by Linnavs and all succeeding authors as “ enervia.” 'This character, indeed, is meant to be put in op- position to the distinguishing mark of P. lanceolata; the fo- liage of which, besides having a midrib, is furnished with a la- teral nerve on each side, near the margin, which give rise to the term “ folia trinervia.” JACQUIN mentions this species as an inhabitant of the vast mountain forests of Martinique, in which island it is known by the name of Rat’s-tail. It has flowered in the stoves both of the Liverpool and Glasgow Botanic gardens, and was received by them from Ja- maica. According to the Hortus Kewensis, its first introduc- tion into Britain was in 1790, when it was brought by Etcocx, Esq. from Barbadoes. Fig. 1. Leaf of a very young plant; and Fig. 2. Full grown Spadix, natu- ral size. Fig. 3. Portion of the spadix, with flowers. Fig. 4. Young stamens. Fig. 5. The same, more advanced. Fig. 6. Pistil.—All but Figs. 1. & 2. more or less magnified. < Endl Cig! del? eae ey eurolballs JF wemflore g. “i ae ye , aa i 123 PLEUROTHALLIS racemirtora. Racemed Pleurothallis. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA—Nat. Onv. ORCHIDEL, Div. IV. Anthera terminalis mobilis decidua. Masse pollinis demum cereacee..—BR. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum articulatim connexum cum basi simplici vel brevis- sime producta columne. Petala 2, antica exteriorum inferne connata. Masse pollinis 2, exsulce.—Br. in Hort. Ken. Pleurothallis racemiflora ; caule elongato unifolio, scapo folio oblongo emarginato longiore erecto, floribus racemosis secundis acuminatis tetrapetalis.—Lindl. MSS. ; Pleurothallis racemiflora, Linpu. Hist. Orchid. ined. Dendrobium racemiflorum, Swaxtz, Fl. Ind. Ocetd. p. 1545. Root small, composed of a few simple fibres. Plant tufted, about 6 inches in height. Stem rounded, erect, monophyllous, furnished with brown and dry sheaths, of which the upper one is carinated, and the longest. Leaves oblongo-lanceolate, nearly flat, almost nerveless, emarginate, long- er than the stem. Raceme four times longer than the leaf, slender, with the peduncle inter- ruptedly sheathed, equal in length with the leaf, furnished at the base with the rudiment of a leaf. Flowers pale green, rather large, variously turned, but generally with the lip forward. Pedicels slender, articulate with the germen, furnished with a cylindrical, subtruncated, closely folded bractea. Perianth of 4 leaflets, patent, the leaflets quite glabrous, ovato-lanceolate, the lower one 2-nerved. Lip anterior, thrice as as the perianth, with the claw winged, appressed to the base of the co- lumn, and slightly articulated with it; border oblong, plane, and as it were hastate, obsoletely 3-nerved. Column standing forward, shorter than the lip, attenuated upwards, on each side incrassated at the mar- gins, which are confluent at the base. Stigma small, quadrate, concave. Rostellum (a process above the stigma) protruded. Receptacle of the An- ther (Clinandrium, Lindl.) subcucullate, winged. Anther globose, oper- cular, terminal, deciduous, inserted within the margin of its receptacle, internally 1-celled. Pollen-masses 2, roundish-ovate, cereaceous, having at the extremity a common, short, pulverulent point of attachment.— VOL, IL. Communicated by the Horticultural Society of London, who received the plant from Mr Loppicrs. It produced flowers in the Society’s garden at Chiswick in April 1824. Mr LoppicEs introduced it from the West Indies. For the drawing and admirable description of the species above given, I am indebted to Jonn LinpLEy, Esq. who fa- voured me with the following additional observations. “ It is nearly related to Stelis pulchella of HuMBo.pr and KuntH, which is a Pleurothallis also, notwithstanding the 5 divisions of the flower. In this genus, as in Oncidium, the greater or less degree of cohesion of the two anterior segments, or even the absolute want of it, do not constitute a generic difference ; and all the species referred to Stelis, which have a “ labellum difforme cum columna articulatum,” must be removed to Pleu- rothallis, whether they are tetra- or pentapetalous. The exte- rior segments of the perianth in this species are not connate at the base, but approximate. A faint but agreeable smell is per- ceptible in the blossoms.” Pig. 1. Front view of a flower. Fig. 2. Germen, Column and Lip. Fig. 3. Front view of the column. Fig. 4. Inside view of the anther, with its pollen-masses, Fig. 5. Pollen-masses removed from the anther—Al more or less magnified. DS linen MALILL Jf by MACEV ld Z. APP a men a hs ti ne emer ey hg Se | Stew es a, a ele 124 DENDROBIUM? pusescens. Downy-flowered Dendrobium. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nart. Onv. ORCHIDES. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum ecalcaratum, articulatum cum apice processus ungui- formis, cujus lateribus petala antica adnata, calcar emulantia. Masse pollinis 4, parallele.—Br. Dendrobium ? pubescens ; bulbo oblongo-ovato, foliis distichis lanceola- tis glabris, scapo elongato, floribusque laxe spicatis pubescentibus, labello oblongo trilobo, petalis tribus, exterioribus inferne unitis basi saccatis. Roots: rather long, simple, brown (even in the youngest of them), thick, fleshy fibres, proceed from the lower part of the stem. Stem forming an oblongo-ovate bulb, sheathed in a distichous manner with the broad bases of the leaves, which are of a pale green colour, and submembranaceous ; this bulb tapers at the base into a slender cylindrical stem, covered with sheathing scales. Leaves 6 to 8 inches long, lanceolate, rather obtuse, waved, subcoriaceous, glabrous, distichous. Scapes one or two in num- ber, a foot and a half high, arising from a scaly sheath at the base of the bulb, terete, very pubescent. Flowers in a lax spike, rather distant, each subtended by an oblong, — cave bractea. The three exterior petals equal, oblong, acute, greenish- yellow, glabrous within, very pubescent without, united at the back of the flower, in its lower half, open in the front, except at the base, where & didymous sack or pouch is formed: the two inner petals much smaller, oblong, glabrous, arising from the back of the column. Lip oblong, shorter than the petals, erect and parallel with the petals, oblong with the sides incurved, 3-lobed, the lateral lobes small, the terminal ‘0 roundish, wavy at the margin, notched and recurved at the extremity ; jointed upon the decurrent base of the column, but scarcely unguiculate. The colour is deep yellow, blotched and streaked with parpliseed, Column elongated, free only in its upper part, where it is yellowish, Is gated and white below, and confluent with the petals © asst —_ Anther sunk into a hollow at the top of the column, hemispherical, deci- duous, 2-celled. Pollen-masses 4, deep yellow, waxy, roundish, com- pressed, cleft to the base, and there inserted upon a short, somewhat gra- nulated stalk, and united by a yellow gland. Germen cylindraceo-cla vate, straight, very downy. VOL. II, I have already alluded to the successful manner in which the Messrs SHEPHERD cultivate the rare, parasitic orchideous plants: the present individual is another proof of the correct- ness of this opinion. ‘The plant itself was sent to the Liver- pool Garden from Calcutta by Dr Wauticu in the year 1820, and in March 1824, it has produced two beautiful spikes of flower. At first sight, the inflorescence bears no inconsiderable similitude in general structure to that. of Dendrobium, espe- cially in the nature of the three external petals, and their union at the base into a kind of sack. The lip, however, seems to be considerably different, and is decidedly 3-lobed. The position of the flowers is not a little remarkable ; they all, though not bifarious in their insertion upon the scape, have a secund direc- tion, as have the petals themselves of the flowers; so that, on looking along one side of the scape, you see the interior of all the petals. The anther differs from Dendrobium, at least from that of D. Pierardi, in having no appendage whereby it is attached to the column after it has sprung from its place of insertion ; and, what is perhaps of more importance than any other circumstance, there are, instead of two pairs of parallel pollen-masses, easily separated from each other, four pairs, con- nected together by their subpedicellate bases upon a common gland! In all probability, this peculiarity will be the foundation of a distinct genus; but with my present limited knowledge of what ought to form essential characters in this curious but in- teresting family, I prefer ranking the present individual under a.well established genus, although it may vary from it in some material point. Besides transmitting to me a spike and leaf of this species, Mr H. SHEPHERD was also so kind as to send me a sketch of the whole plant, by means of which I have been enabled to give the accompanying complete representation of it. Fig. 1. Back view of a flower, natural size. Fig. 2. Front view of a flower, the lip being forced back, to shew the inner part of the inflorescence, which -is thus entirely exposed to view. Fig. 3. Top of the colum, from which the anther, Fig. 4. is removed. Fig. 5. Inside view of an anther-case. Figs. 6. & 7. Pollen-masses.—All but Fig. 1. more or less magnified. 125 CONVALLARIA. oprosrrironma, Opposite-leaved Solomon's Seal. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nat. Orv. SMILACINE. Gen. Cuar.—Corolla 6-fida. Bacca maculosa, 3-locularis.—Br. Convallaria oppositifolia ; caule tereti, foliis oppositis oblongis acumina~ tis nitidis breviter petiolatis, pedunculis umbellatis 3-5 floris, pe- rianthiis oblongis. C. oppositifolia, Lopp. Bot. Cab. t. 640. Stem about a foot high, erect, curved, cylindrical, glossy, with a few deci- duous, distant, oblong, membranaceous scales. Leaves 3-4 inches in length, opposite, subsecund, in distant pairs, oblong, very much acumi- nated, somewhat waved, very glossy, of a bright and deep green above, paler beneath, slightly petiolate, subsecund. Flowers verticillate, drooping. Peduncles springing from the axils of the leaves, short, pedicels 3-5, jointed just beneath the flower, upper joint swollen. Perianth 3th of an inch in length, cylindrical or somewhat swollen at the base, white, thickish, and slightly coriaceous, with faint dotted red lines, mouth with 6 short, somewhat spreading green teeth. Stamens 6, alternate with the teeth of the perianth, and inserted near the middle. Filaments white, curved, pubescent, running up the back of the anthers. Anthers sagittate, yellow. Pistil: Germen ovate, with three ob- tuse angles. Style shorter than the perianth: Stigma trifid, villose. First published by Mr Loppices, having been sent to him under the above name by Dr Wa..icu from Nepaul, in 1819. It has been received from the same source into the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where it blossomed in the month of April, being plunged in the bark-pit of the stove. It is a plant of considerable elegance; its leaves are peculiarly bright and glossy. In character it ranges with the British C. polygona- tum and C. multiflorum ; but approaches still more neatly toa new species of the genus, of which I have received dried speci- mens from my excellent and much-valued friend Dr Wat- VOL. I. LICH, and which is also indigenous to Nepaul. In the latter individual, the whole plant is much smaller, the leaves consi- derably narrower, lanceolate, not decidedly acuminate, more pe- tiolated, the inflorescence of a less size, and, what decidedly stamps it as a different species, its stalk is angular. Fig. 1. Single flower. Figs. 2. & 3. Stamens. Fig. 4. Perianth cut open to shew the stamens and pistil. Fig. 5. Upper part of the style and stigma.—All more or less magnified. 126 TRIZEUXIS ratcata. Falcate Trizeuris. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Onv. ORCHIDEZ. —Sect. V. Br. Prodr. 1, 330. Gen. Cuar.—Perianthium bipartitum, lacinia superiore biloba, inferiore tri- partita inflata. Labellum columna parallelum, limbo recurvo dilatato. Stigma excavatum. Anthera unilocularis carnosa. Pollinis masse 2, pe- dicello fusiformi carnoso adherentes, ipsis duplo longiori. Arboribus parasitice. Folia pauca, disticha. Racemi compositi. Flores non resupi- nati.—( Lindl.) Trizeuxis falcata ; foliis falcatis enervibus, floribus confertis. T. falcata, Linpt. Collect. Bot. t. 2. Parasitic on the trunks of trees. Roots fibrous, brown. Leaves distichous, recurvo-falcate, acute, laterally compressed, and thus vertical, fleshy, glaucous green, grooved at the base for the reception of the lower part of those leaves which are placed immediately above them. Scape axillary from the base of the plant, four or five inches high, panicu- late, branched almost from the base, the branches as well as the branch- lets alternate, distichous and patent, slender, terete. Bracteas small, green, placed at the base of every flower, and of every ramification, su- bulate. Flowers collected into conical heads at the extremity of the ra- muli, small, pale yellow-green, resupinate, according to the common ac- ceptation of the term, as applied to this family ; that is, the germen is not twisted, and the parts of the inflorescence are in their proper situa- tion. Petals nearly equal; upper ones, or segments of the perianth the smallest, oblong, united together for more than half their length from the base. Two lateral petals very concave, so as to be almost semicy- lindrical, but when spread open they are nearly ovate. Lower petal ovate, very gibbous at the back. Lipa little longer than the corolla, standing forward, and somewhat appressed to the column, oblong, grooved, 3-lobed, green at the base, deep orange at the extremity, late- ral lobes small, middle one large, recurved, all acute. Column oblong, laterally compressed, grooved in front, and near its upper part bearing the concave stigma. Anther large, transversely oblong, whitish, opercu- liform, fixed by the back, 1-celled, glandular on the Pollen-masses 2, linear-oblong, deep yellow, fixed near the extremity of a linear white stalk ; and this, at its base, has an oblong, orange coloured gland, which stands out beyond the top of the column, and just beneath the closed anther. VOR. If, A highly curious little -orchideous plant, which was reared in the stove of the Botanic Garden at Liverpool, to which establishment it had been sent, as Mr H. SHEPHERD informs me, from Trinidad, through the well-known liberality of Baron De Sack, M.D. It flowered in May 1824. It had pre- viously blossomed in Mr Grirrry’s collection in South Lam- beth, in 1820, and was then figured by Mr LinDLEy, in his Collectanea Botanica, under the same appellation, and with the generic characters, which I have adopted. Fig. 1. Single flower in its natural position. Fig. 2. Front view of flower. Fig. 3. Column, and three of the petals. Fig. 4. The upper united pe- tals. Fig. 5. Lip. Fig. 6. Side view of the column, with its anther closed. Fig. 7. Upper part of the column, with the anther-case thrown back, to shew the situation of the pollen-masses. Fig. 8. Back and front view of the pollen-masses,—All more or less magnified. 127 ORNITHOCEPHALUS ecrapiarus. Sword-leaved Ornithocephalus. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDEZ. Sect. IV. Anthera terminalis mobilis decidua. Massze pollinis demwm cereace—Br. in Hort. Kew. Gen. Cuar.—Flores resupinati. Labellum subpedicellatum longe attenua- tum. Petala subequalia, duo superiora demum reflexa. lumna bre- vis hinc apice una cum antheram longissime rostrata. Masse pollinis 4, pedicello valde elongato, basi biglanduloso affixe. Ornithocephalus gladiatus. Roots numerous, flexuose, fibrous, whitish. Leaves distichous, vertical, each embracing the one above it by means of a cleft in its base, sword-shaped, compressed, succulent, rather obtuse, slightly curved inwards, of a glau- cous green colour. From the axils of one of the leaves springs the peduncle, scarcely exceeding the leaves in length, at the extremity forming a raceme or lax spike of a few small flowers; each flower having an ovato-cordate amplexicaul bractea at the base, and two or three others below upon the peduncle. Flowers resupinate (or haying the lip upwards). Petals 5, the lower sub- equal, the three inferior ones bending forward, the two upper ones at length bent back; all of them nearly equal in size, pale green, submu- cronate. Lip inarticulated, inserted upon a short stalk ; at the base broad, thickish, yellow-green, slightly concave in the middle, with two lobes on each side of the little stalk ; suddenly attenuated into a long, white, mem- branaceous, incurved extremity, which forms two wings along the back of the broad, thickened part. Column short, with the concave stigma in the front ; the extremity in the fore part forming a remarkably long beak, curved downwards. The anther is green, corresponding with the beak, being broad at the base, and some- what 4-lobed, and suddenly attenuated into a long curved beak. The base is distinctly 4-celled, and receives the four masses of pollen, which are globular, deep yellow, sessile or nearly so, and which are attached to the upper side at the extremity of a very long white footstalk, which takes the form of the beak of the anther and top of the stigma, and which, at its base, has two lips or glands, unequal in size. These glands pro- ject beyond the margin of the anther. Germen subcylindrical, curved, furrowed, not twisted. VOL, II. For this very remarkable orchideous plant, our garden is in- debted to the liberality of Baron DE Scuack, M.D. who trans- mitted it from the island of Trinidad. It has been cultivated by us in the same manner as the other parasitic Orchideex, the soil being a mixture of loam and peat, and its situation a warm shelf in the stove. - There is a peculiarity in the structure of the lip of this plant, which I have not seen in any other individual of the tribe; but the circumstances which most strikingly distinguish it from every other with which I am acquainted, and which I, have considered to be of sufficient importance to constitute the ground of a generic distinction, are to be found in the beak- like processes of the top of the column and of the anther, which singularly resemble the head and beak of a bird, and the na- ture of its stalked pollen-masses. Fig. 1. Flower, fully expanded, in its natural position. Fig. 2. Flower re- _ curved, and not entirely expanded. Fig. 3. Inside of the lip. Fig. 4. Outside of the same. Fig. 5. Column and anther. - Fig. 6. Top of the column, with its pollen-masses. Fig. 7. Anther-case, removed from the column. Fig. 8. Pollen-masses, stalk and glands. Fig. 9. Back of the = part of this stalk, with the pollen-masses.—A/ more or less magni- "ee od G Apt hM ta se V7 | ! | 128 TRICHILIA oporars. Sweet-scented Trichilia. DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. MELIACE#. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx quinque- (vel quadri-) dentatus). Petala quinque (vel quatuor). Nectarium dentatum (cylindricum ?) in apicem dentium An- theras gerens. Capsula trilocularis, trivalvis, trisperma. Semina arillata. Trichilia odorata; foliis opposito-pinnatis, foliolis ovato-lanceolatis gla- bris, racemis glomeratis axillaribus, petalis quatuor, dentibus necta- riferis bifidis. T. odorata, “ Anpr. Bot. Repos. t. 637.”—Smitu, in Rees’ Cycl. A shrub, reaching, in the stove of the Liverpool Botanic Garden, to a height of about 8 feet, with long cylindrical branches, the younger of which are green, and slightly pubescent. Leaves very numerous, alternate, pinnated with generally from three to four pairs, and an odd one, of op- posite leaflets, which are shortly stalked, ovato-lanceolate, dark green, subcoriaceous, waved, glabrous, entire, faintly nerved, paler beneath. Flowers arranged in short, compound, axillary clusters, of a pale green hue, and small. ° Pedicels subpubescent, as well as the calyx, which is minute, composed of 4 spreading lobes or teeth, minutely ciliated at the margin. Petals four, ovato-concave, rather fleshy, pale green. Nectary, or fila- ments, of eight, ovate, pale green, slightly concave, bifid scales, united at the base by a fleshy ring which surrounds the base of the germen. Anthers eight, one on each of the nectariferous scales, and between the cleft, linear, pale yellow, 2-celled. Germen ovate, 3-celled. Stigma ses- sile, 3-lobed. The fruit I have not seen. This species departs from the characters of the genus, as they are laid down by Jussreu and SmiTH; for it has a ca- lyx which is neither tubular nor bell-shaped; its nectary also _ cannot be termed cylindrical, being composed of eight scales, distinct to their base, where they are united by a fleshy ring, which encircles the base of the germen. With the specific de- finition of J. odorata, also, as this is stated by SMITH (for I VOL. It. have not an opportunity of referring to either the figure or de- scription of ANDREWs), this plant does not coincide in all all points, for I find that there exist only eight (not ten), dis- tinct segments to the nectary; the anther is linear, sessile and erect (not ovate, inflexed and slightly stalked), and the flowers, instead of possessing a musk-like smell, exhale a fragrance which may aptly be compared to that of the Jonquil. Perhaps the two plants may not belong to the same species, though the characters in all other respects correspond with each other. It seems to have been introduced into England from St Vincent’s by Dr A. ANDERSON. The shrub from which the specimens here delineated were gathered, was sent to the Li- verpool Botanic Garden from the West Indies, and it has flowered there during the winter season, for several successive years. Fig. 1. Small clusters of flowers. Fig. 2. Back view of a flower. Fig. 3. Flower deprived of its calyx and corolla. Fig. 4. One of the nectarife- rous scales, with its anther. Fig. 5. Germen, shewing the fleshy ring at the base, from which the scales of the nectary are removed. Fig. 6. Section of the germen.—All more or less magnified. PERT essbeets ah Ae ee - COCLLIA COTE Lett 7O oe 1 td 129 PLEUROTHALLIS? coccinea. Red-flowered Pleurothallis. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nart. Orv. ORCHIDEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum articulatum, connexum cum basi simplici vel brevis- sime producta columnz. Petala duo antica exteriorum inferne conna- tum.—Br, in Hort. Kew. Pleurothallis coccinea; foliis lineari-lanceolatis obtusis distichis, floribus secundis, labello basi breviter calcarato incluso. Parasitic. Root a few simple, whitish, flexuose fibres. Stems scarcely any ; they may rather be considered oblong, compressed bulbs, formed by the sheathing distichous bases of the leaves. Leaves linear-lanceolate, ob- tuse, glabrous, 5 or 6 inches long, distichous, yellow-green, of a some- what thick and coriaceous texture. Peduncle from within the sheathing base of the leaves, 6 or 8 inches long, drooping. Flowers in racemes, when in bud inclosed within imbricated, distichous, ovato-acute bracteas, afterwards, when fully expanded, all pointing up- wards and secund, of a deep rose colour. The three uppermost petals are subconnivent, and stand forward, of a broadly ovate form, concave ; the two inferior ones are a little inclined downwards wholly beneath the lip, united for the whole length of their lower margin into one portion, like the keel of many papilionaceous flowers, and laterally compressed so as to be closed except at the very base, where it receives the spur of the lip: below at the base it is gibbous. Lip standing forward, rather longer than the petals, oblong, slightly spreading and deflexed at the extremity, notched at the margin, of a fine deep rose colour, with two obscure tu- bercles, and yellow at the base above ; white at the base below, and there, where it joins the column, lengthened out into a short and acute spur. Column short, cylindrical, pure white. Anther ovate, terminal, white, fixed to the back of the stigma behind by a short filament, 1-celled, in- closing two, ovato-globose, yellowish-white pollen-masses, with an im- pression behind, fixed to the extremity of a filiform stalk, whose base has an oblong gland protruded just beyond the anther. Stigma concave, with two minute, upright, red teeth, on each side at the top, and two large incurved orange-brown ones below in front. Germen clavate, not twisted, reddish-green. VOL, Il. It really appears as if almost every new species of the para- sitical orchideous plants which are now so abundantly culti- vated in our stoves, might likewise constitute a new genus, so variable are the form and structure of their flowers. I am far from thinking that the present individual should continue in the genus Pleurothallis, but it will be more easy to decide upon the proper place of it, and of many others of the same family, when we shall be able to compare the figures and ana- lyses of the inflorescence of several species together : on this ac- count I am more anxious to give correct descriptions and faith- ful representations, than to attempt at what might prove but an unsatisfactory arrangement. Introduced to the Botanic Garden of Glasgow, through the favour of our valued correspondent Baron Dr Scuack, M. from the Island of Trinidad. It flowered in the month of June 1824 *. Fig. 1. Side view of a flower. Fig. 2. Front view of the same, having the two lower petals curved and concealed bythe labellum. Fig. 3. Column and lip. Fig. 4. Two lower and united petals, Fig. 5. Side view of the column, with the lid thrown back, and shewing the pollen-mass. Fig. 6. Front view of the column, with the anther removed, and the pollen-mass in the position in which it is then seen. Fig. 7- Front view of the pollen-mass. Fig. 8. Back view of the same.—Al more or less magnified. ena ae a ee eT else anc i Rea ak a aia * Since the above has been printed, I find a plant figured in Lopp1cEs’ Botanical Cabinet, under the name of Rodriguezia lanceolata, which I cannot doubt is the same 4s the ye here given. It must be confessed, too, that my plant comes very near to the ezia secunda of Hump. et Kuntu, Nov. Gen. t. 92. if it be not the very ge 1F s0, according to these authors, it is only distinguishable from the genus P by the obscurely spurred labellum . Pes fe) Bee. DM snze we ere Mine CLOG’ 130 MONARDA RossEL.iana. Narrow-leaved Bergamot. DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nat. Onn. LABIAT. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx cylindricus, striatus. Corolla ringens, labio superiore lineari, filamenta simplicia involvente. Monarda Russelliana ; floribus capitatis, foliis lanceolatis serratis gla- bris. M. Russeliana, Nurr. Trav. in the Arkansa, p. 141. Apparently a biennial plant. Stem a foot or more in height, erect, simple, square, with the angles margined, glabrous. Leaves rather distantly placed in opposite pairs, lanceolate, coarsely serrated, dotted and paler beneath, the ower ones subpetiolate, the upper ones sessile. Flowers in terminal heads, and bracteated. Bracteas ovate, acuminated, en- tire, slightly hairy, purple in the middle. Calyx linear-oblong, tubular, swelling in the middle, pubescent, marked with elevated strie, 5-toothed, teeth spreading. Corolla an inch and a half long, slender, pubescent. Tube and upper lip pure white, lower lip subtrilobed, waved and twisted, white, spotted with reddish-purple blotches. Stamens two, united laterally by the 1-celled anthers. Filament much incurved, white, spreading above where it supports the anthers. Anthers standing close together, deep purple-brown, 1-celled, and when burst so covered on their surface with pollen as to appear but one anther. Germen 4-lobed, placed on a large cup-shaped gland. Style very long. Stigma bifid. Of this pretty and very distinct species of Monarda, seeds were sent to our garden by Mr Dick of Philadelphia, who re- ceived them from Mr Nuttauu. This latter gentleman, its discoverer, found it in the valley of the Arkansa; and in the account which he has published of his travels, he thus feelingly describes the circumstance of his naming this plant in honour of his amiable companion. “ It is with a satisfaction clouded with melancholy, that I now call to mind the agreeable hours that I spent at this station (Belle Point), while accompanied VOL. II. by the friendly aid and kind participation of Dr RussEL1, whose memory I have faintly endeavoured to commemorate in the specific name of a beautiful species of Bonarda, But re- lentless death, whose withering hand delights to pluck the fairest flowers, added, in the fleeting space of a few short days, another trophy to his mortal garland; and RussELL, the only hope of a fond and widowed mother, the last of his name and family, now sleeps obscurely in unhallowed earth.” This plant is found very easy of cultivation, being kept in a shady part of the greenhouse. It will probably prove suffi- ciently hardy to bear the outer air, as the other species of the genus. Fig. 1. A flower and bractea. Fig. 2. Back view of the stamens. Fig. 3. Front view of the same. Fig. 4. Pistil. Fig. 5. Portion of the stem.— All more or less magnified. 131 BAPTISIA? nepa.ensis. Nepaul Baptista. DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nat. Orv. LEGUMINOS#. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. semi-4—5-fidus, bilabiatus. Cor. papilionacea, petalis longitudine subzqualis: vexillum lateribus reflexis. Stamina decidua. Legumen ventricosum, pedicellatum, polyspermum.—Br. in Hort. Kew. Baptisia ? nepalensis ; foliis ternis breviter petiolatis, foliolis lanceolatis subsericeis, stipulis petiolum subsequantibus ovatis acutis deciduis, germinibus pubescentibus, corolla alis involutis. Stem shrubby, branched, rounded, glabrous. Leaves numerous upon the branches, often crowded; ternate, petiolate, the petiole short, grooved above ; leaflets 3-5 inches long, lanceolate, sessile, jointed upon the “ mon petiole, subacuminate, slightly silky, veined. Stipules deciduous, large, ovate, acute, reflexed, pale green, each pair often united at the margin. } Flowers in subyerticillate short panicles, axillary or terminal, large, handsome, yellow. Peduncles and arched pedicels silky, bracteated, bracteas large, re- sembling the stipules, and silky. Calys silky, somewhat 2-lipped, upper lip bifid, erecto-patent, lower lip trifid, soon reflexed. This calyx some- times falls away entire from the receptacle, (Figs. 2. & 3.) Petals nearly equal in length. Vezillum erect, very large, broadly tol gins reflexed. Ala standing forward, oblong, clawed, singularly invo- lute at the extremity. Carina a little deflexed, oblongo-ovate. * 10, free, rather shorter than the style, as long as the keel. Ff ents white. Anthers oblong, yellow. Germens pedicellate, linear, silky, style curved upwards, filiform. Stigma subacute, glabrous. Raised by my valued friend P. Ne1Lu, Esq. from Nepaul seeds sent to this country by Dr Watticu, and cultivated in the open air in his interesting garden at Canonmills, near Edin- burgh, where, trained to the wall, it forms a handgome shrub, which first produced its fine large yellow blossoms in the latter end of May. There can be no doubt but that it will form a most valuable addition to our stock of hardy shrubs. VOL. II. I possess specimens of the same plant, gathered in Nepauls sent to me by Dr WaLLIcH, but without a name. Being ig- norant of the structure of the perfect seedvessel, I am uncertain in what genus it should be placed, The Baptisic are all na- tives of North America, and the fruit of this individual will probably be found to differ essentially from that which belongs to that genus. As far as regards the other characters, which are taken from the flower, it seems sufficiently to agree with Baptisia *. : Fig. 1. Calyx fallen from the receptacle. Fig. 2. Flower, deprived of its ls and calyx. Fig. 3. Pistil. Fig. 4. Flower from which the calyx and vexillum are removed. Fig. 5. The same, from which the ale are also removed. Fig. 6. Vexillum.—All more or less magnified. * Since the above was printed, and since the working off of a large proportion of the plates, a seed-vessel has become fully formed upon Mr Neri1’s plant: this is broadly linear, compressed, with a rather long curved acumen, and containing about eight seeds. In the structure of the seed-vessel, it therefore a from the genus Baptisia, and may perhaps be united with Thermopsis of Mr Brown in Hort. Kew. v. iii. p.3. “ Cal. oblongus, semi-5-fidus, bilabiatus, postice convexus, eal attenuata. Cor. papilionacea, petalis longitudine subsequalibus: vexillum lateribus reflexis; carina obtusa. Stamina persistentia. Legumen compressum, lineare, polyspermum.”—Br. ‘To this genus belong Th. lanceolata, Br. (Podalyria fupinoides, Willd.) native of Siberia, and the Thermia rhombifolia of Nuttau1, native of America ; though in my specimens from Dr Ri- CHARDSON, the margins of the vexillum are not reflected. I may here add, that the leaves in Mr Nerix’s plant (probably in speN age? e.. cultivation) are twice or thrice the size of those upon the native specimen ¢ anal thet Mr Dow, who, however, had not had an opportunity of examining the seodsveioal, Lt also of opinion that the plant might be referred to Baptisia. LY CO ae feittee ve # Vl oi ' 132 CHRYSIPHIALA PAUCIFLORA. Few-flowered Chrysiphala. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. AMARYLLIDES, Br. Gen. Cuar.—Perianthium subinfundibuliforme, tubo inferne angustato pe- __ dunculiforme basi subincrassato, limbo dilatato sexfido. Corona staminea sexfida. Stamina erecta, stricta. Stigma subincrassatum, obsolete trifi- dum. Chrysiphiala pauciflora; floribus ante folia, perianthiis laciniis erecto- patentibus, staminibus subzequalibus, corona brevi tubulosa, dentibus bifidis. Scape appearing before the leaves, which latter I have'not the opportunity of describing, rounded, glaucous, about 4 inches high. Umbel of 2 flowers, having at the base a spatha of two lanceolate, membranaceous leaflets, which are half as long as the tube of the shorter flowers. One of the flowers subsessile, later than the other, which is pedicellate. Perianth croceous, nearly two inches long, the tube infundibuliform, con- tracted below the middle (and somewhat pedunculiform), and at the base again slightly incrassated, superior: limb 6-cleft, erecto-patent, with the segments concave, lanceolate, rigid, the outer ones narrower, all green on the back, and incurved. Crown short, croceous, with a bifid tooth be- tween the stamens. Stamens erect, arising from the sinuses of the teeth, those longer which are placed opposite the outer segments of the perianth. Filaments subulate. Anthers oblong, (destitute of pollen). Germens 3- celled, ovules many, two-ranked, plane. Style filiform, as long as the crown, a little twisted, thickened towards the base. Stigma trifid, subir- regular.— Lindl. Flowered in the greenhouse of the Horticultural Society's establishment at Chiswick, in the month of April 1824, from bulbs introduced by James Cowan, Esq. along with many other rarities from Peru. Both the drawing and description, made from the living plant, were communicated by my friend. Joun Linpiey, Esq. VOL, II. Mr Ker observes, when giving an account of Chrysiphiala flava, that all the known species of this genus are natives of Peru, and that Pancratium flavum, coriaceum, latifolium and recurvatum, belong to it. The genera Stenomesson, Carpo- detes and Leperiza of the Honourable Mr Herzen, he fur- ther considers as merely individuals of the present genus *. Fig. 1. Crown of the Perianth and Stamens. Fig. 2. Style and vertical sec- tion of the germen. Fig. 3. Upper part of the style and stigma. Fig. 4. Transverse section of the germen.—All more or less magnified. $ * A drawing of the leaf has been sent tome by Mr Lixpuey, but not till after many impressions of the plates were printed. Mr Linp.ey thus describes the leaf: “ Nearly erect, lanceolate, petiolate, quite glabrous, fleshy, slightly plaited, dark green. above, beneath somewhat glaucous, with the midrib incomplete, depressed above in the middle, on the under.side very prominent.” | | | | ppp V OPEL DAS (7 a ° 2 fe VAAL fe FUME A ( at y Sy pat ae a A maak Mn lace ea Ane aa a 0 Vesa Pho. Angee ee ail ee TE ae ee ee a ee eee ee ae ee ee ey 133 CALLICARPA Loncirotia. Long-leaved Callicarpa. TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. VERBENACE&, Juss. in Ann. du Mus. Br.—VITICES, Juss. Gen. Gen. Cuar.—Calyx campanulatus, 4-fidus, equalis. Cor. campanulata, 4- fida, regularis. Stam. 4, equalia, exserta. Stigma capitatum. Bacca (parva) monolocularis, 4-sperma. Semina subossea.—Br. Frutices oppositifolia, pube ramosa vel stellari glandulisque sessilibus insuper plerumque conspersi, furfuracei. Folia simplicia. Cyme axillares, dicho- tome. Flores parvi, albi vel purpurascentes. Antheree sepius glandulose, albumen tenue-—Br. Callicarpa longifolia; foliis lanceolato-acuminatis superne serratis adultis glabriusculis, pedunculo petiolum paullulum superante. C. longifolia, Lam. in Enc. Meth. v. 1. p. 563.—Illustr. t. 69. f. 2.—WILLp. Sp. Pl. v. 1. p. 261.—Roxs. Fl. Ind. v. 1. p. 409.? A shrub, with erect weak branches, which are obscurely four-sided, and clothed, especially the younger ones, with stellated pubescence, of which the rays are exceedingly numerous, and such as to give it a mealy ap- pearance to the naked eye. Leaves always opposite, 5 or 6 inches in length, lanceolate, somewhat waved, serrated in the upper part, the ex- tremity acuminated and nearly entire, dark green above, paler beneath, the younger ones covered with a stellated pubescence, the older ones pubescent only on the nerves beneath, all of them petiolated, with the petioles scarcely more than half an inch long. Cymes axillary, small. The peduncles or main stalks scarcely exceeding the length of the petiole, the pedicels short, having minute, linear-lanceo- late bracteas at their base. Flowers small, drooping when fully ex- panded. Calyx small, cup-shaped, with four short and very obtuse teeth. Corolla subcampanulate, 4-lobed, the lobes erecto-patent, of a white colour, fringed with pink. Stamens 4, inserted at the base of the corolla, and exceeding it in length. Filaments white, glabrous. Anthers oblong; yellow. Pistil: germen superior, small, spherical ; Style about as long as the stamens, filiform, white ; Stigma obtuse, scarcely capitate. ries white,” (Rowb.) VOL. Il. Sent to me by Mr SHEPHERD as a'species of Callicarpa, which was received by him from China, and which at present has reached only to the height of two feet in the stove of the Botanic Garden at Liverpool. It appears to me to agree in almost every particular with the figure and description of the C. longifolia of Lamancx, which that author states to be found in Malacca by SonNERAT. Roxzurcn’s character, © above referred to, describes the leaves as long-petioled, and as downy underneath *: this latter circumstance I find to exist on- ly in the young leaves; in the older foliage, the pubescence, if present, is confined wholly to the veins on the under side. The plant described in the Flora Indica inhabits Prince of Wales Island. Very nearly allied to the present species, as far as I can collect from the characters, are the C. japonica of THUNBERG, and the C. purpurea of Jusstrv, (Poryphyra dichotoma of Lovremo). But the latter, as described by Dr WALLICH, has leaves only two inches long, while the former has no pu- bescence, short stamens and style, and an acute stigma: if, too, THUNBERG. be correct in stating that his C. japonica has “ filamenta germini inserta,” it probably belongs to an alto- gether different genus. Fig. 1. Two flowers, removed from the cyme. Fig. 2. Single flower, cut open. Fig. 3. Stellated pubescence.—All more or less magnified. SenaielinenaiiNnasiaticrsinacacsath ecg me T have since ascertained the plant of Dr Roxgvran to be a distinct species, and Ms ch I have named, in a collection of plants made in Prince of Wales’ Island by Mr oTTs, and which is in the possession of the Horticultural Society of London, Calli- ‘0 Y Ky . gd : fs a 4 : ps | aie A //. hi ep ff fy A aindley Cigt* del 134 MURRAYA panicuLata. Few-flowered Murraya. TTT DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orb. AURANTIACEA, Correa. Gen. Cuar.—Flores proportione partium quinaria. Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. campanulata. Stam. 10. Fil. lineari-subulatis, antheris subrotundatis. Fructus carnoso-baccatus, bilocularis, sepe abortu monolocularis, locu- lis monospermis. Semen appendens. Spermodermis crasse lanata. Co- tyledonum auricule minime. Folia impari-pinnata. RT ee a eee Murraya paniculata ; foliolis ovatis acuminatis, floribus terminalibus axillaribusque subsolitariis, baccis oblongis seepius dispermis. _ M. paniculata, < Mat Mise. 1. n. 2. p. 31.” (DC.)—De Cann. Prodr. v. 1. p- 537. Chalcas paniculata, Lour. Coch. p. 331. Camunium, Rumpu. Herb. Amb. v- 5. p- 26. t. 17- This plant appears, in its native climate, sometimes to form a tree of no re considerable dimensions, with rounded branches. Leaves impari-pin- nate, of from 3 to 5 or 7 ovato-acuminate, glabrous, alternate leaflets, the upper ones small and simple. Flowers terminal and axillary, solitary, extremely fugacious, white, sweet- scented (in our specimens not paniculated). Calyx of 5 leaves, viemtond leaflets subulate, obtuse, thickish, with resinous dots. Petals 5, dotted, erecto-patent, obovato-lanceolate, acute and clawed. Stamens 10, hypo- gynous, deciduous, inserted in a single row fleshy disk or nectary, unequal, those opposite the calycine segments the longest. Filaments plane, subulate, standing so close as pegged form a tube, but always free. Anthers roundish, pale, g-celled. Ger- men oval, granulated, inserted upon the fleshy disk, 2-celled, “er ae seeded. Style filiform, thick, jointed upon the germen, and deciduous, equal in length with” the stamens. Stigma capitate, flattish at a Sit somewhat 2-lobed.— Lindl. Se Mr Linney obligingly communicated the drawing and description of this plant from the Horticultural Society's col- lection, where it flowered in May 1824. The species 1s @ Ma- VOL, 11. tive of the islands of the Indian Ocean, as well as of China and Cochinchina. In the latter country, LourEIRO tells us it always becomes a tree, in Amboyna and Java never. It is of recent introduction at the Horticultural Society’s garden, having been sent there by Sir SraMrorp RaFFLeEs from the Island of Sumatra, and it is consequently kept as a stove plant. The Murraya paniculata is a species which has been very imperfectly known, most authors having considered. it to be the same with Bf. ewotica, although the figure above quoted of Rumpus is excellent, for the period at which it was publish- ed, and LourErR0’s description is equally accurate. Of the hard wood of this tree, various implements and orna- ments are made by the Malays, especially of those parts of it that are more beautifully veined ; and its leaves are used, medi- cinally. In China and Cochinchina it is cultivated on account of the fragrance of its flowers. Fig. 1. Flower, deprived of its petals. Fig. 2. The same, deprived of the petals and deciduous style. Fig. 3. Anthers. Fig. 4. Upper part of the style and stigma. Fig. 5. Germen cut through transversely, to show the cells—All more or less magnified. 135 HABENARIA GracILIs. Slender Habenaria. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nat. Onv. ORCHIDE#. Gen. Cuar.—Cor. ringens. Labellum basi subtus calearatum. Glandula’ pollinis nude, distinct (loculistpedicellorum adnatis vel solutis distine- tis—Br. in Hort. Kew. Mp eae Habenaria gracilis; labio tripartito, lacinia media ovat, lateribus li- nearibus longitudine sequali, cornu subulato germine breviore. H. gracilis, Copesr. MSS. ined. Root articulated, fibrous. Stem a foot and a half high, slender, tapering. Leaves numerous, alternate, amplexicaul, linear-lanceolate, glabrous, nerved, upper ones gradually smaller. : Spike long, single, composed of many, rather distantly placed, dingy orange- coloured flowers. Bracteas lanceolate, shorter than the flower. a three outer petals lanceolate, spreading, nearly equal ; of the = seg ones the two uppermost are broadly ovate, the lowest or lip 1s pendent, tripartite, the lateral segments linear-subfalcate, the middle one ovate, scarcely shorter. Spur subulate, shorter than the germen. Anther w' the base of the cells distinct. Pollen-masses yellow.—CoLEBR- oe cesaeeaaiamnacnaa A native of shady situations at Sylhet, where it flowets mm the rainy season. The drawing and description, made from the living plant, were kindly sent me by Mr CoLEBROOKE. In the structure of the lip, a considerable affinity may be traced between this species and the Habenaria marginata; but in their habit the two plants are widely different. er an ae Fig. 1. Flower, magnified. VOL, II. Sad ae Cat ok ARMM Rn 9 ol oe at I TIGR as i a ene ale le IA oe sepa war = di? 2 136 HABENARIA marernata. Marginated Habenaria. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nart. Orv. ORCHIDEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Cor. ringens. Labellum basi subtus calcaratum. Glandule pollinis nude, distincte, loculis pedicellorum adnatis vel solutis distinc- tis —Br. in Hort. Kew. Habenaria marginata ; labio tripartito, laciniis lineari-lanceolatis, inter- medio breviore obtuso, cornu clavato germinis longitudine, anthera utrinque appendiculato. H. marginata, Cotesr. MSS. Root consisting of two distantly-placed, elongated and subcylindrical tubers, and a few thick, fleshy, white fibres, spreading from the long neck of the root. Stem scarcely more than 4 inches long. Leaves, those from the root, three or four, spreading, elliptical, entire, glabrous, of a firm texture, dotted, and having a thin, semitransparent border or margin: those from the stem two or three in number, small, lanceolato-subulate, partly sheathing, marginated. Spike terminal, conical. Bracteas linear- lanceolate. Flowers scentless. The three outer petals green, spreading, of these three the uppermost is broadly cordate, ribbed, the two lower ones lanceolate: the three inner petals deep yellow, of these the two up- permost are oblong, curved laterally, and lying close to and forming a slightly concave helmet with the uppermost outer one: the lowest or lip pendent, tripartite, its segments linear-lanceolate, the lateral ones acuminate, the intermediate one shorter and blunt. Spur greenish, compresso-clavate, about as long as the twisted germen. Column short. Anther large, roundish, yellow-green, with two club-shaped, but thin membranaceous appendages, one on each side. Anther-cases distant at the base. Pollen-masses yellow. Introduced by accident (according to Mr CoLEBROOKE, to whom I am indebted for the drawing and description of this Plant) into the Botanic Garden at Calcutta, where it was first VOL. 1, observed in J uly 1814, being then in flower, and growing spon- taneously in the turf. Fig. 1. Back view of a flower; Fig. 2. Front view of the same, magnified. Si 7 N N “ . 137 BALSAMINA sEracea. Bristle-leaved Balsamina. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Opp. BALSAMINE. Gen. Cuar.—Antheree 5-biloculares. Stigmata 5, distincta. Capsula ovata, valyis ad maturitatem introrsum apice elastice inflexis. Cotyledones crass. Pedicelli semper uniflori solitarii aut aggregati. Flores in hortis facile pleni. Capsule pulverule.—DC. Balsamina setacea ; fcliis oppositis subsessilibus lineari-lanceolatis corda- tis marginibus setaceo-serratis, pedunculis subtribus unifloris, cornu pedunculum subsequante. Impatiens setacea, Coresr. MSS. ined. ; Stem herbaceous, procumbent, diffuse, four-angled, jointed, coloured. Leaves opposite, nearly sessile, linear-lanceolate, cordate at the base, dis- tantly serrulate, with the serratures terminated with a bristle, upper surface wrinkled, lower one smooth. Peduncles two, or generally three, in the axil of each upper leaf, and con- siderably more than half as long as the leaves, erect, slender, single- flowered. Bracteas subulate. Flowers large, lilac-coloured. Calyx of two subulate, opposite leaflets (a, a). Petals 4, unequal, ringent: the upper one () roundish, vaulted, acute ; the two inner ones (c) half ob- ovate, appendiculate at the base on the outside: the lowermost one a spur or nectary, horn-shaped or subulate, hollow, and nearly equalling the peduncle in length. Capsule ovate, acuminate, curved, with five furrows.—(Colebr.) For the drawing and description of this plant I am in- debted to H. T. CoLesrooxKe, Esq. who mentions further that it comes from the Kerrera Mountains, north of Sylhet, that it bears. flowers in the rainy season, and ripens its seed soon after, A plant of such beauty would be a great acquisition to our gardens, and we hope that ere long it may find a place there. ~~ The parts of the flower represented separately and slightly magni- VOL. It, \ yy Be \ 7 yy RUE Ne CPI NID RY Wy We ae 8 138 PHOLIDOTA rmpricaTa. Imbricated Pholidota. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nat. Orv. ORCHIDE#. PHOLIDOTA, Lindi. MSS. Gen. Cuar.—Flores resupinati. Petala subconformia, 3, exteriora erectoa patentia, dorso carinata. Labellum ventricosum, trilobum. Columna apice dilatata. Anthera bilocularis, persistens ; Masse pollinis 2 in sin~ gulo loculo, basi glandula unite. Cymbidium imbricatum, Carey, MSS. Wellia, Thecka maravara, Ruzepe, Hort. Malab. v- xii. p. 147. t. 24 | Parasitic. Root a few simple or branched fibres. Stems short, clustered, when young subcylindrical, and clothed with sheathing large scales, brown and membranaceous at the border, in the old plant constituting From the extremity of the stem, and within the convoluted base of the leaf; arises the solitary flower-stalk, almost a foot in length, slender, pendent, naked, having at the extremity a long, crowded, distichous spike: of flowers, which, in the state of bud, are so closely imbricated and cone cedled with the ovate bracteas, that the spike bears an apt resemblance to the tail of some species of serpent. When the flowers expand, the bracteas are more apart, the spike becomes much longer, and the flowers are protruded, of a dingy yellow brown or tawny colour. The petals are nearly equal in size, ovate, subconnivent, the three outer ones broad, very concave, and keeled at the back, the two inner ones smooth, slightly concave. Lip equal in length with the petals, standing forward, of a roundish figure, remarkably ventricose, gibbous at the base, 3-lobed, lateral lobes erect, intermediate one reflexed and. subtri fid, its colour paler than the petals. Column white, rather shorter than the petals, oblong, dilated upwards, and subcucullate. Anther fixed just below the summit in front, dark brown, g-lobed, 2-celled, each cell Opening transversely, and containing a double pollen- . base by a granulated gland, each portion obevate, yellow: