ie, ee ag | ; J 1°” EXOTIC FLORA, FIGURES AND DESCRIPTIONS | OF NEW, RARE, OR OTHERWISE INTERESTING EXOTIC PLANTS, ESPECIALLY OF SUCH AS ARE DESERVING OF BEING CULTIVATED IN OUR GARDENS; TOGETHER WITH REMARKS UPON THEJR GENERIC AND SPEGIFIC CHARACTERS, NATURAL _ ORDERS, HISTORY, CULTURE, TIME OF FLOWERING, §c. BY WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, LL.D. F.R.A. & L.S. MEMBER OF THE IMPERIAL ACADEMY NATURZ CURIOSORUM; OF THE WERNERIAN NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH; OF THE GEOLOGICAL AND HORTI- CULTURAL SOCIETIES OF LONDON; OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC SOCIETY OF- RATIS- BON; OF THE HELVETIC SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY; OF THE PHYSIOGRA-_ PHICAL SOCIETY OF LUND: OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETIES OF CAMBRIDG: AND YORK; OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA; HONO- RARY MEMBER OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY; OF THE LYCEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY OF NEW YORK, &c. G¢. REGIUS PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW. VOL. 1. Pome aN, ENGLISH INDEX TO THE ° THIRD AND LAST VOLUME OF THE EXOTIC FLORA, (Comprising Parts XXII. to XXXVIIL. inclusive.) Plate Plate Abromia, rose-coloured, - 194 = Dryas, entire-leaved, 220 -__ e, - 193 Epidendrum, elliptical-leaved, 207 Alstroemeria, venc-colcmesl - 181 Eucrosia, meee 209 Andromeda, willow-leaved, or Wild Evening Primr ct mee ‘waved Arbutus, 2 leaved, 183 Aneilema, lest: Len ed - 204 Fieldia, New Holland, - 232 Arabis, purple flowered, - 221 coriaceous-leaved, - 223 Arethusa, . « 170 three-coloured, - 185 - 152 _— Glycine, soft-leaved, - 201 Asplenium, iuntiage leaved 208 Gongora, dark-flowered, e 178 Bladderwort, large oven, alpine, 198 Grevillea, downy-leaved, - 216 Brassia, long-tail: - 179 Gusmannia, three-coloured, - 163 Caladium, pedate-leaved, - 206 Habenaria, long bracteated, - 175 —_—_——- Virginian, - 182 ~———_ purple, fringed, - 224 Campuleia, scarlet-flowered, . 203 ——._ wing-fruited, Ps 169 filiform 167 Heliconia, Brazilian, 190 * Catasetum, Beran De Schack’s — Indian-shot, spreading flowered, 228 flowered, 151 Isochilus, grass-like, 196 mane 213 Justicia, yellow-flowered, - 212 Loosestrife, purple-flow: iv ENGLISH INDEX. Potato, Madagascar, as Pothos, coriaceous, - Mr Harris’s, - Pycnostachys, blue, Pyre' hairy New Holland Rape of Cistus, ~ Rhododendron, tree, Ruellia, unequal leaved, #- Salpiglossis, straw-coloured, Schotia, br = Plate Starry Polypodium, neon 162 Stelis, small flowered, 158 Thunbergia, scarlet-flowered, 195 small flowered, - 166 —__—_—_—- wing-petioled, - ae Tillandsia, aloe-leaved, - 205 . a. “ - 173 134 ining fined ieee: 218 Vanda, rec: 187 Violet, sdtitatteroas ten Holland, 225 Q 2 : “ % a = 3 . 2 a INDEX, na OTE ARRANGED, TO THE SPECIES AND SYNONYMES CONTAINED IN eos THREE VOLUMES OF THE EXOTIC FLORA. yeaah Plate Abronia arenaria, Menz. - 193 Aspidium Wallichii, Hook. - = 5 glauca, Menz. - 194 Asplenium flabelliforme, Cav. - 208 umbellata, Lam. -. ~ 1 oti ee Se... - 78 Acrostichum appendiculatum, W. 108 Balsamina setacea, Hi - 197 Acrostichum serrulatum, Sw. - 78 Banksia verticillata, yo io 96 i viviparum, Ham. MS. 108 Baptisia nepalensis, Hook. - 131 Adiantum caudatum, W. + 104 nia argyrostigma, Fisch 18 hirsutum, W- : ib. hirta, Wail. MS. : 89 Ageratum conyzoides, W. E humilis, Ait. - 17 eria pulchra, (Sims, under the ——lwida, Haw. - .- ib. name of C. tristis), 65 leitch Sm. oe - 9 «4 ——_———— pulch Sims, - 64 ulmifolia, W. ~ 57 ccwceticnnsn TOUR, Hook, . 181 Berberisaristata, DC. -. - 98 ——_—_——— tricolor, Hook. - 65 Chitria, Buch. - ib, Andromeda salicifolia, C - 192 heterophylla, Poir. - 14 te Vi INDEX TO THE SPECIES AND SYNONYMES. Plate Calceolaria corymbosa, Cav. (under the me of C. — 75 integrifolia, L. 99 paralia, Cav. - 75 —-—— rugosa, R. & P . 99 Calla virginica, Mich. - 182 Callicarpa longifolia, Lam. - - 133 Callirrhoe digitata, Nutt. : 171 Calypso eater Br. - 12 ———~ borealis, Sai. - 12 Calystegia spithamzea, Pursh, - 97 Campuleia coccinea, Hook. - 203 Canna indica, Bot. Mag. - - 228 Rose. var. maculata, 53 —— aureo-vittata, Lodd. te ——- gigantea, Red. ; 47, 48 ——~ limbata, Bot. Reg. - - 2 ——- patens, Ait. - - ib. patens, Roxb. . 47, 48 Caprifolium pubescens, Hook. Cardamine resedifolia, L. - 54 Carolinea alba, Lodd. at Cassytha baccifera, Mill. fs - 2 ——~ filiformis, Linn. - 167 Catasetum floribundum, Hook. 151 Say Hook. 213 a ntatum, sane 90, 91 _ Cattleya bata, coeuns 157 = 186 Chalcas paniculata, Lam. - 134 Chiococeum é 93 Chrysiphiala pauciflora, Hook, 182 Cinnamomum nitidum, Hook. - 176 Pepin diversifolia, weet. 3 - 102 ‘olutea herbucea. W. a 84 eee dubia, Jacq. - - °94 Conanthera ? Raarncli, Hook. 214 Cymbidium lancifolium, Hook. = ypripedium bulbosum, L. - Cypripedium insigne, Wail. - ——-———._ venustum, Wail. - Cytinus Hypocistis, Linn. = Dalbergia Barclayii, Te/f. - Dalea bicolor, W. - ‘ ndrobium album, Hook: - Pierardi, R - polystachion, Sw. = racemifiorum, Si —_—_—__—. ruscifolium,W. - Didymocarpus Rexii, Bow. - Diospyros vaccinioides, Lindl. - Donia ciliata, Nutt. - - odia aspera, Br. - - caudata, Br. “ Do: ia arifolia, Lam. si Dryas = Vahl, ‘ tenella, Ys 5 oe Semaresias atvileguails - caudatum, Linn. ellipticum, Grah. —____— graminoides, Sw. - minutum, . nutans, Sv. - INDEX TO THE SPECIES AND SYNONYMES. Vii Plate Plate Habenaria dilatata, Hook. - 95 Ophrys lutea, Cav. - - 10 fimbriata, Br. - 224 Orchidium boreale, Sw. 12 gracilis, Coleb. MS. 135 Orchis blephariglottis, W. - 87 marginata, Coleb. MS 136 bracteata, W. - - 175 orbiculata, Hook. - 145 ——-— bracteatis, Salish. - - ib. ——_-——. tridentata, Hook. - 81 ——~ dilatata, Pursh, - - 95 Hedychium spicatum, Sm. a 46 —-~/fimbriata, Dry. a +a Heliconia braziliensis, Hook. - 190 ——-~ humilis, Mich. - - 69 saat palmata, L. 33 —— orbiculata, Pyrsh, = 145 anthera. graminea, Vall, . 94 spectabilis, Z. ~ 69 aan nitidula, Rich - 29 ——~ tridentata, Muhl. MS. - 84 nepalensis, Hook. - 30 Ornithidium coccineum, Sai. - 38 ’ Tantha pallidiflora, Hook. - 113 Ornithocephalus gladiatus, Hook. 127 mpatiens setacea, Coleb. MS. - 137. Orontium aquaticum, L. - 19 trilobata, Coleb. MS. 141 Osbeckia crinita, Sw. MS. - 37 Isochilus graminoides, Hook. - 196 stellata, Ham. - ib, Justicia calytricha, Otto, - 212 ——_——— nepalensis, Hook. r 31 Cassia, Nees, . . 176 Osmunda humilis, Cav. - - 28 nitida, Roxb. - ib. Pachysandra coriacea, Hook. - 48 Leptanthus gramineus, Mich. - 94 Parkeria pteridioides, Hook. 147 & 231 Lessertia annua, DC. i - 84 Paullinia melizefolia, Juss. j 110 Limodorum boreale, W. fringe 12 Peperomia blanda, Humb. wert BE Loasa nitida, Lam. - “ 83 —————— incana, Hook. - 66 tricolor, B. M. a - - ib maculosa, Hook. 92 Lobelia micrantha, 1. 44 ————— _ovalifolia, Hook. - 165 Lycopodium neu, Mich. 7 pereskizefolia, Kunth 67 obscurum, ib. polystachia, Hook. - 2 — prey - 180 quadrifolia, Humb. ae 4 M caudata, - 179 —-+———. reniformis, Hook. - 164 Maregravia unibeliats, i, - 160 Pe Hook. - 58 —_—_———- scandens, Br. - ib. yee P. - 92 Maxillaria aromatica, a RED Pholidota soidbicacas - 136 ————- parvula, Hook. - 217 Pinguicula edentula, a - 16 Marica coerulea, Kerr, - = 222 = Piper bla acq. re ee Megasea? ciliata, Haw. = > 49 ——- incanum, Haw - - 66 Monarda Russelliana, Nuit. a2 8 BO ——— maculosum, I, - = 92 M a uniflora, W. 85 —— pereskiafolium, Jacq - 67 Murrays paniculata, Mil. Mise. 134. semen ol , Ait. - 23 aromatica, MS. — 156 — quadrifolium, Sw. : 22 moschata, 7 ib. m, 4 58 officinalis, L. 155,156 —_ Pleopeltis angustifolia, Humd. ee ensifolia, C vill Pothos acaulis, Jacq. . > etia sym paganthera R. 4 P: Prescotia plantaginifolia, la P. ——_prenitens, Ham - points Hook. - nsis, Sab. - pechtiasial coerulea, Hook. Pyrethrum diversifolium, Grah. Rhipsalis Cassutha, Gerin. . - Rhododendron arboreum, Sw. ——___ puniceum, Roxb. Roscoea purpurea, Sm. - Ruellia satnoptiyles Wall. : Ruta albiflora, Hook. - - atus, Lind. - Saceanthus rostr Salpiglossis straminea, Hook. = - s PETA 2 Mich. Wall. - Saxifraga ligulata, Wall. - Schizanthus pinnatus, R.& P. —___——. porrigens, Hook. Gecuesaes Walker, Sims, Ww. rubra, Schotia iatifolia,. Jang. = Scutellaria parvula, Mich. - : L. =. Sisymbrium arenosum, ZL. J: Solanum Anguivi,.Lam. - INDEX TO THE SPECIES AND SY NONYMES. Plate Stelis micrantha, Sw. : - 158 Stylidium laricifolium, Rich. - 32 ——. tenuifolium, Br. - ib. Syriedrella nodiflora, Gertn. - 60 Teenitis graminifolia, Hook. - 77 Talinum ciliatum, R. & P. - 82 Thunbergia alata, Roxb. asi 177 es ee Helsin. - 166 occinea, Wall. - 195 Tillandsia iaecuiiahe Hook. 205 amena, Lodd. - 41, 42 —_____—— bulbosa, Hook. = 173 Tillandsia nitida, Hook. “ 218 chra, Hook. - 154 Trichilia odorata, Andr. Ps 128 Trichomanes oe Rud, - 52 Rates tie ae ankenenenes L. 76 Trisetius sdinteatal LD’ Her. - 94 rixis senecioides, - - 10] Trizeuxis falcata, Lindl. F 120 Utricularia alpina, L. - - 198 ——_—__— grandiflora, Pers. - ib. montana, Jaeg. - ib’ ——__——- unifolia, 2. § PP. - ib. Vanda recurva, Hook. = “ 193 - - ib. ? tricorhiza, Hook. ~ 72 Velleia lyrata, Br. - - 24 hulata, Juss. - ib. nodifiora, L., - - 63 Viola hederacea, Lab. - - 225 Wi caudata, Cav. - 25 151 CATASETUM rrorisvnpum. Baron de Schack’s many-flowered Catasetum. > GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDE. Gen. Cuar.—Corolla resupinata ; foliolis quinque subzqualia ; labello sacs cato-concavum. Columna bicornis; cornna retrorsa, filiformia, arcuato- conniventia. Anthera operculata, columna interne infra apicem attes nuato-subulatum insidens. Peollinis masse duz, pedicello communi suf- fulta.—Ricu. MSS. in Kunth. Parasiticum. Folia membranacea, ex apice bulbi erumpentia. Pedunculi ra- dicales, uni- pauci- multiflori, bracteati. Flores magni. - Catasetum floribundum ; spica foliis breviore, labello obtusissime tri- dentato, petalis subaequalibus late ovatis acutis duobus interioribus intus purpureo-maculatis, reliquis columnaque concoloribus. Parasitic Plant from a foot to a foot and a half high, throwing out seve- ral thick, fleshy, simple, white fibres. Bulbs oblong, compressed, 6-10 inches long, fleshy, covered with the dry sheathing bases of the old leaves, and terminated at the extremity by a crown of 3-4 lanceolate pale green, ribbed, carinated and undulated, subreflexed acute leaves, about a foot long. Scape arising from the very base of the bulb, about a foot high, i at intervals furnished with green membranaceous sheaths, and curved with the weight of its many large fleshy flowers, which form a lax broad spike at the extremity. Bracteas lanceolate, shorter than the Flowers very large, beautiful, scentless. Petals equal in length: the three outer ones nearly equal in size, the terminal one approaching to lanceo- late, concave, subconnivent, pale green, united at the base, the back subcarinated, the apex very acute, both within and without of an uniform pale green colour. ‘Two inner petals equal in size with the two lateral outer ones, and differing from them only in being faintly spotted with purplei inthe inside. Lip superior, cucullate, large, thick, fleshy, the mar- gin in front tridentate, teeth very obtuse, the sides lengthened out towards the base of the column; its colour is a deep yellow, the extremity pale green, within it has large deep purple blotches. Column continent; as it were, with the back of the lip, leaning a little forward, about 2 inches ‘VOL. It. long, pale green, thick and fleshy, its base bearing two filiform processes, about an inch long, which enter the hollow of the lip, and are curved or flexuose: the column itself is semicylindrical, tapering upwards into an acuminated and unguiculated point, to the underside of which the large anther-case is fixed, which takes the form of the part to which it is laterally applied, is broadly subulate, and at its lower part within bears two cells. Pollen-mass exactly as in C. tridentatum of this work. Stigma anterior, subquadrate, concave, viscid. I have here the great satisfaction of figuring another fine and new species of Catasetum, which blossomed in the stove of our Botanic Garden in November 1824. The plant was re- ceived from Baron Dr SHacx of Trinidad, whose recent de- cease has deprived our noble garden of one of its most valuable and liberal contributors. This is the second species of that suberb genus which had been introduced by that gentleman to our gardens; and to his memory I am desirous of dedicating the present individual. Catasetum floribundum differs from the C. tridentatum (t. 90, 91.) in the much larger size of its flowers, their more glo- bose form, and more connivent petals; and essentially in the much broader, acute, and by no means acuminate petals, the exterior of which are indeed (at least the two lateral ones) equal in size with the two interior ones. I may further remark, that here the two inner petals are of the same hue as the rest, only spotted within with purple, and the lip is covered internally with deep blotches of purple; whereas in C. tridentatum the two inner petals are coloured and also spotted within and with- out, and the lip is inside almost wholly yellow. From C. Claveringi of Linpuey in Bot. Reg. t. 840., it may be somewhat more difficult to discriminate our plant. The former, however, is much larger in all the parts of its flowers, the petals are described (though not so figured) as obtuse, and all of them are purple within*. The column and the filamentous * I fear, however, little dependence is to be placed upon colour. We have had an- other plant of Catasefum from Trinidad, which flowered in the stove of our Botanic processes are deeply spotted with purple, and internally the lip is yellow; its teeth are longer and more acute. C. Claverin- gt is described as having its flowers very evanescent, expanding slightly in the middle of the day, and diffising a faint smell like myrrh. The blossoms of the present plant are perfectly scentless: they continued in great perfection for three or four days in the stove, without exhibiting any symptoms of decay, and the flower-stalk having been then cut off, it continued in great beauty for almost a week longer. C. Claveringi is a native of Brazil. Mr LinpLEy enumerates five certain and one doubtful species of Catasetum. ‘The subject of the present plate adds another to this truly noble genus. : It was not difficult, in this individual, to distinguish the cause of the highly elastic property of the pollen-mass. It re- sides in the stalk of the masses, which is a thin, broad, mem- branaceous, and very tough plate. It is spread over a convex surface on the front of the column, whilst the masses them- selves are in a measure confined in a hollow above, and the large gland is held in by another hollow below the swelling, When the anther-case is removed, the plate quits the spot where it was before retained, and its margins rolling in sudden- ly and quickly, the whole is thrown off with a jerk to a great distance. The cavity at the base of the gland is filled with a thick, white, glutinous substance of an unpleasant smell. Fig. 1. Front view of a flower, removed from its natural position, with the petals forced open. Fig. 2. Column, with the pollen-masses as they appear whilst the anther-case is carefully and artificially removed. Fig. 3. Anther-case removed from the column. Fig. 4. Back view of a , and differs only in colour from our C. floribundum. The lip is pure yellow in and this will bring it near to the C. maculatum of Humsotpt and Kuntu. At Fig. A, a flower of this variety, as I consider it, is . ; * - pollen-mass (with its stalk ‘rolled in at the margins), as it appears after Su) oR Fig. 5. Front view of the same. Fig. - Pollen-mass, magnified.—All but Fig. 6. of the natural size. Fig. A _A flower of the variety mentioned in the subjoined Note, nat. i eee . ACR si it eyes — Re ee ee 152 CONIUM 171 NUTTALLIA pierrata. Finger-leaved Nuttallia, MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA.—Nart. Orv. MALVACER. Gen. Cuar.—Calyz simplex, quinquefidus. Capsule plurime monosperma in annulo —_— UTT. under sommes Nuttallia digitata ; glauca, foliis ssigall profunde 6-T-partitis, seg- ~ mentis linearibus integris vel iterum bipartitis, supremis simpliciori- bus, pedunculis longissimis axillaribus unifloris. N. digitata, Dicks. MSS. Callirrhoe digitata, NuTTaut, in Journ. of Acad. N. Sc. of Philadelphia, v- ii. p- 181. Root tuberous, somewhat fusiform, perennial. Whole plant slightly glaucous. Stem herbaceous, 3 or 4 feet high, branched, terete, glabrous. Leaves distant, upon very long footstalks, subpeltate, cut into 6-7 very deep, linear, grooved, simple, or again bipartite, spreading segments, entire at the margin: upper ones smaller, and with fewer divisions. Peduncles exceedingly long, from the axils of the upper leaves, solitary; single-flowered. Flowers large, handsome, concave. ‘Calyx quinquefid, the segments acute, moderately spreading. Petals five, broadly obovato- cuneate, reddish-purple (carmine-red, Nutt.) scarcely unguiculate, crenate at the margins. Stamens numerous, united for nearly their whole length into a pyramidal white tube. Anthers reddish, reniform, 1-celled, opening vertically. Pistil: germen depressed, tapering into a columnar style and numerous filiform stigmas. “ Capsules 1-seeded, and roughened with depressed punctures, not spontaneously opening, and as in Malva and Althea, disposed in a ring.”—Nutt. Discovered by Mr NuTTAatt, in bushy places in the open prairies near Fort Smith in the Arkansa territory, and raised from seed in the garden of the University at Philadelphia by Mr Dick, who was particularly anxious that the name of Nuttallia should be assigned to it. Mr Nutra. himself called it Callirrhoe; but we are no less desirous than Mr VOL. U1. Dicx that so interesting a plant should be dedicated to its dis- coverer, than whom no one can be more ve ad of such a mark of distinction. I Ppssess from Mr NurTra.u specimens and a drawing of a second species of this genus, VV. pedata, Nutt. MSS. which is figured in the present number: both kinds are now growing in our garden, the seeds having been received from Mr Dick. The individual from which the present figure and descrip- tion were taken, blossomed in the month of August in the greenhouse of the Edinburgh Garden ; but the plants cultivated in the open air at Glasgow are much more vigorous, although, from the circumstance of their flowering later, the inflorescence is less freely expanded. I have not had the opportunity of examining the seed- vessel, and am therefore unable to offer any farther remarks on the fructification than those which are already given by Mr NUTTALL. Fig. 1. Outside view of a flower, natural size. Fig. 2. Anther, in the act of bursting. Fig. 3. Anther opened. Fig. 4. Style and stigmas.—More or less magnified. 172 NUTTALLIA pepara. Pedate-leaved Nuttallia. MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA—Nat. Orv. MALVACEZ. Gen, Cuar.—Calyx simplex, quinquefidus. Capsule plurime, monosper- mez in annulo congeste.—(Nutt. under Callirrhoe.) Nuttallia pedata ; foliis laciniato-pedatifidis, supremis trifidis, floribus paniculatis. Nuttallia pedata, Nutr. MSS. _ The figure here given of Nuttalia pedata, is copied from a drawing made by Mr NuttTau. in America, who discovered it inhabiting, like the N. digitata, prairies in the Arkansa territory. ‘To Mr Dicx of Philadelphia our garden is indebt- ed for living plants, which flowered well during the autumn of last year: : In the forma and colour of the flowers, this species is cers tainly very closely allied to the WN. digitata. In the leaves, however, and in the panicled inflorescence, it is widely diffe- rent. VOL. Hil. — == A Jd LY Ce Ste ea (MeN Huge « HAIQOW , 173 TILLANDSIA suxzosa. j Bulbous Tillandsia. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nart. Onp. BROMELIACEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Calyz trifidus, persistens. Corolla trifida, campanulata. Cap- la trilocularis, loculis polyspermis. Semina papposa. Tillandsia bulbosa; foliis (patcis) e basi latissimo longe subulatis flexu- osis convolutis, spica subsimplici bracteis distichis imbricatis (viri- dibus) flore paule brevioribus, corolla (purpurea) laciniis acuminu- latis, staminibus exsertis. Parasitic. Leaves 6-7 inches long, rigid, few and mostly confined to the very lowest part of the plant, where their bases are so much enlarged and dilated as to form a sort of bulb; the rest of the leaf is subulate, with the margin so entirely convolute as to appear cylindrical, remarkably spreading, flexuose, and more or less twisted: those of the stem (which scarcely exceeds the leaf in length), narrower at the base, and sheath< ing. Spike 2-3 inches long, of about 8 distichous, imbricated, rather large green bracteas, each inclosing a single flower; simple, or bearing a secondary few-flowered spikelet near the base. Flowers but little protruded beyond the bracteas. Calyx shorter than the corolla, of three lanceolate, green segments. Corolla composed of three linear-lanceolate, convoluto-imbricate, rigid, acuminulate, purplish-blue lacinize, white at the base. Stamens six, rather longer than the corolla ; Jilaments even ; anthers oblong, blue; pollen yellow. Germen ovate, green 3-celled, many-seeded. Style exceeding the stamens, filiform ; stigmas 3, rather long, spirally twisted, pubescent within. This singular species of Tillandsia blossomed in the stove of the Botanic Garden, Glasgow, August 1824, the plant ha- ving been sent the previous year by the late Baron De ScHack Trinidad. It was planted in a pot of common loam, mix- ed with peat, and kept tolerably moist. The flowers are small, VOL. II, but rendered conspicuous by their lively blue colour. The leaves are singularly twisted, rigid, convolute; but so enlarged at the base, that the plant there appears quite bulbous. Fig. 1. Segments of the calyx. Fig. 2. Flower, from which the calyx is removed. Fig. 3. Segment-of the corolla. Fig. 4. Stamens and pistil. Fig. 5. Anther. Fig. 6. Section of the germen. Fig. 7. One of the stigmas.—All more or less magnified. 174 CORALLORHIZA muxrirrora. Many-flowered American Coralloraza. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nart. Orv. ORCHIDE. Gen. Cuar.—Eabellum basi productum: calcare adnato vel libero. Co- lumna libera. Masse pollinis 4 oblique (nec parallele, Br.) Corallorhiza mudtiflora; aphylla, scapo multifloro (15-30) labello cu- neato-oyali tripartito recurvo maculato, caleare conspicuo adnato. Corallorhiza multiflora, NuTTALL, in Journ. of Acad. of Nat. Sc. of Phil. v. iti. p- 138. tab. 7. Corallorhiza innata, NutTau’s Gen. Am. v. ii- p. 197. Root composed of many large, much branched, yellowish, anastomosing and fleshy fibres, similar to that of our European €.innata, Stem about a foot high, of a reddish-purple colour, terete, jointed, leafless: im lieu _ of Jeaves it is furnished with large, cylindrical, somewhat inflated, sheathing, pale brownish scales, which, at the top, are cut down a little Way on one side. Flowers arranged in a rather loose terminal spike, about 20, erect, each subtended by a small scale or bractea, which is bifid or trifid at the point. The three outer segments of the perianth are moderately spread- ing, linear-lanceolate, dingy yellow, brown at the lips, united together ' below; the two lateral lower ones of these unite at the base in front, and form a yellow sac or short spur, the back of which is adnate with the top of the germen: Two inner segments lanceolate-obtuse, yellowish-brown, somewhat connivent over the column. Lip about equal in length with the other segrgents of the perianth, pure white, of a nearly oval form, reflexed at the extremity, 3-lobed ; the two lateral lobes or teeth small, and sometimes dentieulate, the intermediate one large, with two ele- vated longitudinal ridges near the base, the margin crisped, and extre- mity notched: the whole is*more or less sprinkled with purple dots, especially at the base. 5 Column of fructification semicylindrical, slightly eurved forward, terminated by the hemispherical, deciduous, operculiform anther. This Anther in- closes 4 ovate, deep yellow pollen-masses, which are united by their base to a pellucid oblong gland. Stigma subquadrate. Germen clavate, reddish-purple, erect, twisted at the base. = SOL. Tit. For the introduction of this singular and highly curious plant, our Botanic Garden is indebted to Mr CLEGHORN of Montreal, who sent living roots of it from Canada to Mr Murray. These, along with many other rare American, especially orchideous plants, were put into a border of the gar- ‘den, prepared with a due admixture of peat-earth, and co- vered with a very large and deep many-sashed glass frame, and the whole have flourished to such a degree as to be pro- nounced (by those who have seen both them and the vege- tation of Canada) finer than they appear in their native soil and climate. This I can readily believe, from the present plant itself, which has attained to nearly thrice the size of the figure given by NUTTALL. C. multiflora, which was formerly confounded with the European C. innata, differs from it in the much greater num- ber of flowers produced on a spike, the form of the lip, and in the presence of a very distinct spur. It extends, according to Nutra, from New England to Carolina in the United States, and appears to be not uncommon even in Canada. NUTTALL says it is parasitic near the roots of trees. With us, the attachment of the roots has simply been with the soil ; and its flowering-season the month of May, whereas it is given in America as blossoming from July to September. Three species of this genus are enumerated by Mr Nut- TALL as inhabiting N. America; or four, if Cymbidium hye- male of WiILLDENOW be really of that genus, which differs remarkably in habit, having a tuberous root, and a solitary root-leaf. ad Fig. 1. Side view of a flower. Fig. 2. Front view of ditto. Fig. 3. Lip. Fig. 4. Column of fructification. Fig. 5. Pollen-masses.—AW more or less magnified. Fe CZ 2 175 HABENARIA pracreatTa. Long-bracted Habenaria. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nart. Orv. ORCHIDE. Gen. Cuar.—Cor. ringens. Labellum basi subtus calcaratum. Glandule pollinis nude distincte (loculis pedicellorum adnatis y. solutis distine- tis.) Habenaria bracteata; cornu abbreviato didymo, labello lineari retuso tridentato: lateralibus obtusis; medio obsoleto, bracteis flore duplo dentibus longioribus. Habenaria bracteata, Br. in Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. p. 192. Orchis bracteata, WiLLD. Sp. Pl. v. iv. p. 84—Pursu, N. Am. Flora, v. ii: p- 587. Orchis bractealis, « Satiss. Parad. t. 110.” Root subpalmated, with several large fleshy simple fibres. Stem about a foot high, leafy, striated, and angular. Leaves ovato-lanceolate, rather obtuse, striated; the upper ones gradually smaller and narrower, and passing, as it were, into bracteas. Spike 4-5 inches long, with the flowers numerous, but rather distantly placed, and not half so long as the bractex, which are linear-lanceolate, green, and very leafy. Corolla with the 5 petals connivent, green: the three outer ones ovate, having the two lateral ones embracing and in- cluding the inner one. Two interior petals quite concealed by the outer ones, narrow, linear-oblong, green. Lip about as long again as the pe- tals, pendent, linear or linear-oblong, yellow, or brownish-green, mi- nutely dotted, slightly convex, cut at the extremity into two rather ob- tuse teeth, and having an intermediate very short and almost obsolete one: at the base beneath is a small obtuse, slightly incurved and some- what didymous inflated spur. Germen linear-oblong, green, sulcated, much twisted. Column very short. Stigma quadrangular, hollow, up- on the top of which is inserted the Anther, of two cells, their bases ta- pering and standing apart. Pollen-masses clavate, yellow, having the gland at the base of the pedicel naked. VOL. U1. | ~ This is a species that has little beauty to recommend it, ei- _ ther of form or colour: with regard to the latter, with the ex- » ception of the lip, it is of one uniform green, in the stem and ~ Jeaves, as well as the flowers. _».-- One of the most striking features exists in the very long bractez. ™ It is a native of North America, and the plant from which our figure was taken, was sent by Mr CLEGHORN from Canada ~ to our Botanic Garden, where it flowered under a common ‘frame, in the early part of the month of June 1825. It seems to have been first known to our gardens in the year 1805, through the medium of Messrs Napier and - CHANDLER. Fig. 1. Front view of a flower. Fig. 2. Side view of ditto. Fig. 3. Flower. deprived of the 5 petals. Fig. 4. Column; stigma and stamen. Fig. 5. Pollen-mass.—All more or less magnified. 176 CINNAMOMUM wsrripvum. Shining-leaved Cinnamon. ENNEANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Onp. LAURI. Gen. Cuar.—Flores hermaphroditi. Perianthium 6-fidum, persistens. Sta- mina 12, duplici ordine, interiorum 3 laciniis interioribus opposita, ste- rilia. Anthere 4-loculares. Glandule 6, ad basin filamentis interiori- bus. Drupa monosperma, basi perianthii persistentis segmentis tecta. Cinnamomum nitidum; arboreum, foliis suboppositis elliptico-lanceolatis obtusis trinervis supra nitidis subtus opacis subglaucis, paniculis simplicibus subaxillaribus compactis, floribus ternis, glandulis fila- mentorum pedicellatis. Laurus nitida, Roxs. MS. cum ic. Laurus Cassia, Nees von Esens. in Diss. Cinnam. p. 53. t. 3. (via Linn.) In its native country, this plant probably forms a large tree, whereas in the Liverpool Botanic Garden it has only reached the height of 8 or 9 feet. The young branches are green, terete, glabrous. The leaves 5 or 6 inches long, elliptical-lanceolate, obtuse at the base and the extremity, subco- riaceous, 3-nerved (the nerves reaching from the base to the point), with transverse parallel veins, of a deep and full shining green above, beneath much paler, subglaucous, not shining, the nerves prominent. Petioles 3 to 2 of an inch long, terete, grooved above. Towards the sheneantey of the branches from the axils, and above the axils of the leaves, the panicles arise. These are scarcely so long as the leaves, slightly silky, simple, compact. Branches pale co loured, bear- ing 3 pedicellated flowers; these have, as well as the branches, very minute bractee at the base. Flowers small, pale green, slightly pu- bescent or silky. Perianth 6-cleft, the sean ovate-obtuse, not spread~ ae but almost connivent, and concealing the organs of fructification. Stamens 12, in two rows, standing face to face, perigynous, 6 outer ones perfect ; 6 inner ones having 3 of them abortive, and the other three with a pedicellated gland on each side of the base of the filament. Ger- men ovate. Style thick, longer than the germen. Stigma subtrigonal. Fruit, according to Roxpurcu, a blue drupe, about $ an inch long. ~ VOL. IT. m Sent by Dr Wa tuicu to the Messrs SHEPHERD at Li- verpool, where it flowered in June 1825, under the name of Laurus nitida, and 1 find that it perfectly agrees with an un- published figure of L. nitida of RoxBurGu, in the possession of the East India Company. It is there mentioned as a na- tive of Sumatra, and as the Cassia of Mr MarspeENn in his History of Sumatra, p. 156. If so, it is a tree whose root is said to produce so much camphor, that the bark is bought by the Dutch merchants, and shipped to Spain for real cinnamon, and that the price it bears in the island is ten or twelve dollars the pekul. The leaves of our plant have the same fragrant smell and the same flavour as the Laurus Cassia of our gardens * ; but in that plant, the leaves are broader at the base, sharp at the point, the nerves disappearing before the point, the young ones very red, and the panicles remarkably lax and spreading. It comes, indeed, nearer the true cinnamon, but the leaves are in our plant much smaller and very glossy. I possess what I con- sider the same plant in my herbarium, from Prince of Wales’s Island, only that the leaves are narrower. The Prince of Wales Island plant Dr HamiiTon considers to be the same with his L. Tamala. I have followed Mr Brown in keeping Cinnamomum dis- tinct from the true Laurus (L. nobilis), which has dicecious flowers, a much greater number of stamens, and only two cells to the anthers, besides a different habit. Fig. 1. Flower. Fig. 2. Flower cut open, to shew the stamens and glands. Fig. 3. Front view of an outer stamen. Fig. 4. Back view of an inner stamen. Fig. 5. Pistil.—All more or less magnified. * And of Bot. Mag. t. 1636. The L. Cassia figured by Nees vow Esewsecx in his * De Cinnamomo Disputatio,” OT exactly to correspond wi with the present plant, ' TV angulele ri * 177 - "PFHUNBERGIA anata. Wing-petioled Thunbergia. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.—Nar. Onp. ACANTHACEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. duplex: ext. diphyllus ; int. subduodecim-dentatus. Cor. campanulata. Caps. bilocularis rostrata. -Thunbergia alata; pubescenti-sericea, foliis cordatis acutis angulatis, petiolis alatis, caule volubili. Thunbergia alata, Boszr, MSS. Stem long, slender, twining, clothed as well as the leaves and calyx, with a yellowish, silky, pubescence. Leaves cordate, or cordato-hastate, acute, angular at the margin, particularly near the base, with five principal and several smaller nerves, dark green above, paler beneath ; petioles as long as, or longer than, the leaves, winged on both sides from the base to the extremity. Peduncles solitary, axillary, opposite, somewhat shorter than the leaves. Ext. calyx of 2 large ovato-cordate, opposite, pubescent leaves 5 inner one small, embracing the base of the germen with several short irregu- lar teeth or segments. Corolla large; tube subcylindrical, broader up- wards, not much longer than the outer calyx, deep purple, especially within ; limb of 5 obcordate, large spreading, yellowish-buff coloured segments. Stamens included within the tube *. This is a second new species of Thunbergia, which has been discovered by Messrs Hetsrnpore and Bosrr, and communicated by CHarLes TELFAIR, Esq. of the Mauritius, * Mr Barctay having, along with Th. alata, one : me asa of Th. angulata, a species given at t. 166. of this work, I here figure and describe it: : Capsule ssineéis with a long acuminated beak, surrounded at the base by the persistent inner calyx, opening elastically, and with a considerable report, into two equal valves $ 2.celled partition of the cells contrary to the valves, membranaceous, easily separating from the valves, and supporting 4 seeds, which are laterally attached, two on each side. Seeds half-oval, brown, convex, and wrinkled without: the inner pte ig oan a3 a a alt VOL, IIL. to Mr Barciay. It was found inhabiting grassy places in Zanzibar and Pemba, two small islands on the eastern coast of Africa, in about 5° or 6° of South Latitude. The seeds were sown at Bury-hill on the 7th of February 1825, and in June of the same year, the plants blossomed in the stove. The flowers continued in perfection from four to six days, and it appears likely that there will be a succession of them through the summer; so that this plant promises to be a most valuable addition to our collections. Fig. 1. Capsule, with the persistent inner calyx. Fig. 2. Section of ditto. Fig. 3. One valve of the capsule, including the partition and seeds. Fig. 4. Back view ; and, Fig. 5. Front view of the seed.—All but Fig. 2. scarcely at all nagnified. “ Zo OVO UW 4 / ( Ce. 2 - MVAL 178 : GONGORA arro-purpurEa. Dark-flowered Gongora. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Petala 3 exteriora patentissima lanceolata subuniformia, su« periore dorso column inserto, duobus interioribus parvis ad marginem column insertis decurrentibus. Labellum vomeriforme subpedicella- tum basi superne dentatum, inferne gibbosum. Colwmna longissima. Gongora atro-purpurea ; petalorum trium exteriorum marginibus re- flexis, labello superne subseptemdentato. From an oblong and cylindrical, deeply sulcated, fleshy, bulbiform stem, there spring at the extremity two rather large, ovato-lanceolate, stria and subplicated Jeaves, waved at the margin, and tapering at the base. Scape 2 feet in length, arising, I presume, from the base of the bulb, zig- zag, slender, glabrous, terete, dark purple. Bractee minute, at the base of each flower. The whole flower is of a deep purple-brown or chocolate colour. The three outer petals, an inch in length, are much spreading, lanceolate ; the upper one springing from the back of the column, rather the small- est, the two lateral ones with a large tooth-like process at the base of the upper margin ; all the margins revolute. wo inner petals very small, incurved, with an acuminated and twisted apex, fixed by its de- current base to the margin of the column, near the base of the superior and outer petals, and at some distance from the two lowermost outer ones. Ip of so curious a form as to be more easily represented in the figure than to be described in words. It is nearly an inch long, stand- ing out at right angles from the flower ; having a cylindrical peduncle or stalk at the base, at the apex of which are four large curved horns or tooth-like processes, two obtuse, and two acuminated ; there is an aperture within the base of each of the latter, and between them two small upright teeth. The extremity of the labellum is a laterally com- pressed, and consequently vertical plate, double at the upper edge, and sharp, obtuse at the lower edge, and gibbous at its base, acuminate at the extremity. Germen 2-3 inches in length, curved, pedunculiform, not twisted. Column very long, semi-cylindrical, broadest upwards, and bearing upon its back and sides the three upper petals. Anther ter- minal, operculiform, deciduous, with two obscure cells, and containi VOL. III, oblong, but below tapering, deep yellow, waxy, solid pollen-masses, fixed by their base to an oblong White gland, which forms a beak from beneath the anther, before the falling of the latter. This is one among the many, and not the least curious, of the orchideous plants, introduced by the late Baron de SCHACK to our gardens from Trinidad. Bulbs of it were re- ceived at the Liverpool Botanic Garden, where they flowered in the month of June of the present year (1825), and whence a magnificent spike of two feet in length, together with the bulb and leaves, were sent to me by Mr H. SHerHeErp. There can, I think, be no question that it belongs to the genus Gongora of Rurrz and Pavon, of which only one species had hitherto been discovered ; the one upon which the genus was founded. The flowers of that species are figured in the 25th plate of the Prodromus of the Flora Perwviana, and seem to differ principally from those here given in having the three outer petals concave, and the lip remarkably gibbous beneath, and with only two prominent teeth above. Fig. 1. Side view of a flower. Fig. 2. Back view of do. Fig. 3. View of the under side of the labellum. Fig. 4. Lateral view of the labellum. Fig. 5. Column. Fig. 6. Top of the column, with the anther removed. Fig. 7. Anther case. Fig. 8. Pollen-mass.—All more or less magnified. 170: a ae Ae tye Bae ee ee ae ee oe Agee S aad Si i bat ae oN as a 179 BRASSIA cavpaTa. Long-tailed Brassia. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nat. Onp. ORCHIDE. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum explanatum indivisum. Petala patula distincta. Columna aptera. Masse pollinis duz, postice biloba ; medio affixee pro- cessui communi stigmatis.—Br. Brassia caudata ; petalis tribus exterioribus valde attenuatis inferiori- bus longissimis, labello oblongo acuminulato, foliis lanceolatis binis, bulbo-compresso. Brassia caudata, Linb-. in Bot. Reg. t. 832. Malanis caudata, WiLup. Sp. Pl. v. 4 p. 93- Epidendrum caudatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1349. Epidendrum foliis radicalibus lanceolatis, Pum. Plant. Am. t. 177. From an oblong, much compressed, thin bulb, about four inches long, arise the two lanceolate, obtuse, rather thick, and fleshy leaves, not visibly striated, The scape is produced from a small sheathing leaf, thickened at the base into a sort of bulb; it is a foot or a foot and a half long, terete, here and there furnished with a sheathing bractea, and small bractex at the base of the flowers. : Spike long, lax, of 8 or 10 flowers. Segments of the perianth all spreading deep fulvous-yellow, spotted with brown; three outer segments much acuminated, their two lowermost ones ending in excessively long points; two inner ones lanceolate. Lip pendent, thin, membranaceous, oblong, plane, or slightly convex, pale yellow, spotted near the base, and there having four white tubercles, two large and oblong, and two smaller co- nical ones, the margin waved, ending in a narrow acumen. Column very short, green. Anther nearly hemispherical, slightly downy, 2. celled, operculiform, containing two obovate pollen-masses, which have a depressed spot behind, and which are united by their basis to a small whitish gland. Germen subclavate, striated, scarcely twisted, green. The superb specimen of this plant here given flowered in June 1825, in the stove of the Botanic Garden of Liverpool, VOL, III. having been sent thither by Mr WiEs from Jamaica. The colour of the flower is much brighter than that of the flowers of this species figured in the. Botanical Register, and the leaves are less evidently striated. PLUMIER’s figure, above quoted, represents the same spe- cies in all probability, but the bulb and leaves have there the appearance of being very much striated ; the flowers, too, are a good deal larger. It seems, therefore, to be an inhabitant of the continent of America as well as of Jamaica. Fig. 1. Lip and column of the flower. Fig. 2. Column, side view. Fig. 3: Column from which the anther-case is removed, shewing the situation of the pollen-masses. Fig. 4. Anther-case. Fig. 5. Pollen-masses, un- der side.—-All more or less magnified. i, ib 4 / . Sy af / \ \) \ y 180 LYSIMACHIA arro-purpurea. Purple-flowered Loosestrife. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nart. Orv. PRIMULACEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. 5-fidus. Cor. rotata. Filamenta basi dilatata subconnata. Capsula globosa 5~10 valvis.. Lysimachia atro-purpurea ; racemis terminalibus capitatis, staminibus corolla (laciniis suberectis) longioribus, foliis subspathulato-lanceo- latis subtus punctatis glaucis. Lysimachia atro-purpurea, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 209. “ Lysimachia orientalis angustifolia, Comm. Rar. 33. t. 33.” Stem erect, obscurely 4-angled, (biennial ?), nearly simple, with distantly placed, mostly opposite leaves, which are broadly lanceolate, subspathu- late in the lower part of the stem, tapering into a kind of footstalk, and semiamplexicaul ; the upper side is a dark green, the under side paler and glaucous, and more distinctly marked with the ramifications of the nerves, and dotted ; every where glabrous. The flowers are produced in large, dense, capitate racemes, each accom- panied by a small linear bractea, Pedicel about 3 or 3ths of an inch long, and, as well as the calyx, which is 5-partite with linear segments, Bet eee — large, infundibuliform, with the segments patent; the colour a beautiful deep reddish- purple, internally having some minute, sessile glands. Filaments of the stamens of the same colour, much protruded, their base inserted at the base of the segments of the corolla. Anthers deep purplish-blue. Pol- len greenish. Germen spherical, green. Style strait, shorter than the corolla, purple. Stigma obtuse. Our Botanic Garden has derived the possession of this plant from the collection of his Royal Highness Prince Lro- POLD, to whom we are probably indebted for its introduction to this country, for I do not find it to be mentioned in any of our horticultural Catalogues, although it appears to have been cul- tivated many years ago, both in the Botanic Gardens of Upsal and Amsterdam. VOL. Il. With us it has hitherto been treated, on account of its ra- rity, as a greenhouse plant, when it has the appearance of be- ing at least a biennial. But it may be better perhaps to regard it as a hardy annual; and it is certain that it is mentioned by WILLDENOW as of annual duration. It is a native of the Levant. Some authors describe the flowers as sessile; but this is not the case in our plant, although the upper and younger flowers on the raceme may be nearly so. Closely allied to this is L. dubia of Hortus Kewensis (pro- bably the L. orientalis of Lamarck), which has the stamens included in the corolla, and inhabits the Caucasus; and still more nearly the Lubinia atropurpurea of Link and Otto, in the Plants of the Berlin Garden, t. 27, a native of the Cape of Good Hope. Indeed, I can see no difference in the two - plants whatever. The genus Lubinia was founded by Com- MERSON upon the Lysimachia mauritiana of LaMaRcK, which has a spreading, somewhat irregular limb to the corolla, and alternate leaves. Fig. 1. Flower. Fig. 2. Anther with its cells closed. Fig. 3. Anther with the cells open, and filled with the pollen. Fig. 4. Corolla opened to shew the situation of the stamens and the pistil. Fig. 5. Pistil. Fig. 6. Germen cut through transversely to shew the ovules. Fig. 7. Back view of a leaf.—All but Fig. 7. more or less magnified. isi ALSTRCMERIA Roskga. Rose-coloured Alstremeria. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nart. Orv. AMARYLLIDE. Gen. Cuar.—Perianthium corollaceum, subcampanulaceum, sex-partitunt irregulare ; laciniis duabus interioribus basi tubuloso-conniventibus. Stamina sex, demum declinata. Stigma trifidum. Capsula trilocularis, loculis polyspermis. Caulis erectus, scandens aut volubilis, foliatus. Flo- res umbellati. Alstreemeria rosea ; caule erecto gracili, foliis linearibus glaucis sub- tortis, umbella (panicula) subsexflora, perianthii foliolis recurvato- campanulatis subserratis 3 exteriortbus ob ovato-spathulatis, 3 int. lineari-spathulatis. Stem slender, erect, simple, terete, glaucous, and, as well as every part of the plant, glabrous. Leaves small, distant, linear, slightly twisted. Flowers in a dichotomous panicle rather than in an umbel, of about 6 near- ly erect, rose-coloured flowers. Pedicels long, slender, with a foliaceous bractea at their base. Perianth of 6 leaves, which meet so as to form a tubular base, while their apices are spreading ; all nearly equal in length. The three outer ones the broadest, obovate, tapering down into a nar- row base, serrulate above, obscurely marked with lines interiorly, exte- riorly with dark reddish-purple streaks ; the three inner linear, spathu- late, the lower one marked and serrated as the three outer ones, the two upper with a transverse yellow band above the middle, and dotted with purple ; all of them are apiculated, and that apiculus green. Stamens 6, of which three shed their pollen at a time, and the anthers from purple become greenish-brown. Filaments purple. Germen inferior, turbi- nate, deeply furrowed. Style purple, shorter than the stamens, at length longer, and unfolding 3 curved, filiform sti Introduced into our Glasgow Botanic Garden at the same. _ time, and from the same source, as the Alstremeria pulchella and Alstr. zricolor, already figured in this work ; the seeds of all having been sent from Chili by Mr Cruicksuanxs. The present individual blossomed for the first time in the green- VOL. 111. house, during the summer of last year ; but the inflorescence was much more fully developed in the month of July of the present year (1825). In the colour and markings, and perhaps, too, in the shape of the flower, it comes nearer to Alstraemeria pelegrina than to any other known species of the genus ; but in that the leaves are vastly broader and longer, and the outer segments of the perianth are obcordate, and all of them much more spreading. Fig. 1. Back view of a flower. Fig. 2. One of the outer leaflets of the pe- rianth. Fig. 3. One of the inner and uppermost ones with its tubular base. Fig. 4. One of the inner and lowermost.—All slightly magnified. 182 \ ee aS Pog Daleedeitm v0? Getitcc ie: Me SMES eee indian -_ - Sa SORELY eA AOD ig A. aed ape uRURAGe Sth coatdth manatee es — —— —_—ee ee ~ - - Facaren “ ew on 182 CALADIUM virericum. Virginian Caladium. MONCCIA POLYANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. AROIDEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Masc. Cal.0. Cor. 0. Anth. peltate multiloculares in spis cam ad apicem spadicis composite. gFem. Cal. 0. Cor.0. Germina ad basin spadicis inserta. Stylus 0. Bacca unilocularis, polysperma.— Willd. Caladium virginicum ; acaule, foliis hastato-sagittatis, spatha elonga- ta sensim attenuata, curvata spadice multo longiore, basi margine crenato-undulata. Arum virginicum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 484.—Witip. Sp. Pl. V. iv. p. 484.— Pursu, Fi. N. Amer. v. ii. p. 399.—E.uiort, Bot. v. ii. p. 630. Calla virginica, Micu. Fi. Am. Bor. v. ii. p. 187. Root, according to Mr Exuiorr, tuberous. Leaves springing from the root, a foot or a foot and more in length, and” varying very much in shape, sometimes narrow and hastate, at other times broader, and almost ex- actly sagittate, membranaceous, acute at the extremity, and having the two lobes at the base much lengthened, and more or less acute, or even acuminate ; the colour is dark green, veined, and if held bétween the eye and the light, the innumerable pale semipellucid veins will be found to have a very beautiful appearance. Petiole almost two feet long, cylindrical, striated, and spotted. Scape one or two feet long, the lower part inclosed by the long sheathing, bicarinated bractea, and the equally long sheathing bases of the leaves, erect, cylindrical, striated, and spotted. Spadix 6 inches long, subterete at the base, thence tapering gradually to a point and recurved, the margins involute, white below, and waved and notched, the rest dark green, obscurely striated ; spadix about one-third of the length of the spatha, exserted, in consequence perhaps of the re- curvation of the spatha, erect, cylindrical ; below clothed with many _ spherical, yellowish-green pistils, having a nearly sessile, glandular stigma ; about the middle with many densely-placed, wrinkled, peltate, abortive stamens ; and above them, to the extremity in my specimens (the summit naked in one I have received from Dr Torrey) with nu- merous, crowded, subhexagonal, peltate, at their summit depressed, yel- lowish stamens. Anthers several, just beneath the margin of the pel- te, furrowed down the centre, ee ey VOL, It. This plant appears to have been known in our gardens for nearly half a century ; yet no figure, as far as I know, has yet been published of it. MucHavx found it to extend from New England to Virginia in North America, and Exxiorr tells us it abounds in Carolina and Georgia. It is singular that no modern author should have arranged this plant with the Caladia, with which it entirely accords, and to one species of which (C. sagittifolium) it has a very close affi- nity, differing principally ingthe form and colour of the spatha, ovate at the extremity, and white in the sagitifolium. Oc- casionally, indeed, the apex of the spadix is naked as in Arum, but then the anthers are quite different in structure, precisely according with those of Caladium. Our figure was taken from a plant which flowered in the Liverpool Botanic Garden in May 1825, and which was sent from North America by Mr Brapgvury. It is a hardy spe- cies. * as SU ER nS Fig. 1. Spadix covered with the stamens and pistils. Fig. 2. Stamens. Fig. 3. Portion shewing a single anther. Fig. 4. Pistil—Al more or less magnified. 183 CGENOTHERA oporara. — Fragrant Waved-leaved Evening Primrose. OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nart. Orv. ONAGRE. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. tubulosus 4-partitus, deciduus. Petala 4. Capsula in- fera, cylindracea, vel prismatica, 4-locularis. Semina ss aeotie (£nothera odorata ; caulescens, pubescens, herbacea, foliis lanceolato- attenuatis undulato-crispatis subdentatis, petalis emarginatis, cap- sulis linearibus obtuse tetragonis. (Enothera odorata, Jaca. Ic. Rar. v. iii. t. 456.—Jacg. Coll. v. v. p- 107.— Wittp, Sp. Pi. v. ii. p. 308.— Bot. Reg. t. 147. (Enothera undulata, Hort. Kem. ed. 2. v. ii. p. 342. Root annual, fibrous. Stem a foot or a foot and a half high, branched, most- ly red ; every where, as indeed is the whole plant except the corolla, clothed with a soft hairiness or down. Leaves alternate, lanceolate, much attenuated, sessile, of a rather rigid texture, singularly waved and crisped at the margin, and slightly toothed, nerved, the nerves pale ; mid-rib prominent, and red beneath. Flowers solitary, axillary, very large, bright yellow, showy. Germen ob- scurely 4-sided, red, pubescent. Calyx with the lower part tubular, the limb of four segments which remain united, bursting open only on one side, the apices furnished with a distinct mucro. Petals obcordate, waved. Stamens yellow, with the filaments curved to one side. An- thers linear. Style cylindrical, longer than the stamens. Stigmas 4. During the early part of the present year, I had the good fortune to receive from my valued friend Dr G1.u1Es of Men- doza, South America, amongst other rare botanical acquisitions of that country, seeds of the present plant. Raised in a hot- bed frame, and planted in a warm border, in the month of June, the plant produced blossoms plentifully in the month of Au- gust, which opened every evening at six, diffusing a powerful odour. ; - VOL. III. Hitherto the plant seems only to have been known in Eu- fope as an inhabitant of Port Desire*, on the east coast of Patagonia, it having been introduced from thence in a packet of seeds which Sir JoserH Banks purchased from the captain of a merchant ship in 1790. Dr GiutEs discovered it in the valleys of the Andes, near Mendoza. & 4 * Professor Jacautn (Collect. v. 5. p. 107.) says the plant grows at Champion River in Patagonia, and that i¢ and the other Patagonian plants described in that volume “ ab illustri Mipps.e7on in loco natali detect fuerunt, earundemque semina ab egregio Gutre_mo Forsytna, cum filio meo ineunte anno 1793 communicata.” Mr GawLERr remarks, that seeds were sent by Sir JosrpH Banks to Professor Jacaury, and that there is no such place in Patagonia as Champion River. oa a: ~ S » \ AS 5. — ee 184 DENDROBIUM Caxceoxaria. Hollow-lipped Dendrobium. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDE. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum ecalcaratum, articulatum cum apice processus un- guiformis, cujus lateribus petala antica adnata, calcar emulantia. Mas- se pollinis 4, parallele.—Br. Dendrobium Calceolaria ; caulescens, foliis bifariis lineari-lanceolatis, racemo laterali (?), paucifloro, labello ventricoso inflato, pubescen- te basi attenuato, petalis ellipticis. Dendrobium Calceolaria, Carry’s MSS. Parasitic. Roots consisting of numerous, simple, waved, and stout fleshy fibres. Stem simple, cylindrical, jointed, striated, bearing towards the extremity several distichous linear-lanceolate, shining, thickish Jeaves, sheathing at the base. From the lower part of the stem, as it would appear (the drawing exactly represents the specimen communicated), springs the raceme, of about five, large, very handsome, and showy flowers. Peduncle 6-8 inches long, jointed, with sheathing scales at the joints. Seg- ments of the perianth nearly equal, elliptical or ovate, hori. zontally, somewhat waved, the two lowermost running down, along wid the base of the column and of the lip, into a thickened spur at the base where it unites with the base of the lip. They are of a delicate rose- colour, beautifully veined in a reticulated manner; the spur tawny. Lip erect, jointed upon the prolonged base of the column, and doubled upon it, large, remarkably ventricose, so as exactly to resemble the lip of a Cypripedium, pale rose-colour, downy, with two deep rich brown spots within ; the base fulvous, attenuated, and forming with that of the column into an obtuse, broad spur. Column very short, purple on the back, for the greater part of its length united with the perianth, much prolonged down the front of the germen. Anther deep purple, “ iform, attached by a filamentous process to the top of the co- lumn, 2-celled, each cell having a dissepiment, and containing two omie pollen, in oe oblong, masses approximating and forming two Germen very long, pedunculiform, scarcely perceptibly twisted. sigh thickened ihr oe Stigma a viscid, concave disc just beneath er. VOL. II. * Communicated from the rich collection of orchideous plants at Liverpool by Messrs SHEPHERDS, having been sent from the Kast Indies by Dr Carry in 1820, under the name of Cymbidium Calceolaria. It is not; however, the Dendrobium Calceolus of RoxBpurcn’s drawings and MSS. in the Li- brary of the Honourable the East India Company, which has acuminated leaves, small flower, and a different lip. The blossom of the present species is as large as that of our Dendrobium Harrisonice, equally handsome, and since it bears several flowers upon a peduncle, it makes a much more showy appearance. These flowers close at night, but during the day expand so much, that the petals, or segments of the perianth, stand out horizontally, and the lip is so remarkably inflated, that, were it seen separately from the rest of the blossom, it might be taken for that of a Calceolaria ; and hence no doubt Dr Carey was induced to give it its present specific appella- tion. Fig. 1. Side view of the lip im its natural position. Fig. 2. Ditto forced open to shew the column. Fig. 3. Front view of the column with the lip forced down. Fig. 4. Column a..where the lip:was jointed upon. Fig. 5. Back view of the column, the anther-case having flown up, and attached by its filamentous process. Fig. 6. Inner view of an anther. Fig. 7. Pollen-mass.—All more or less magnified. ~~ #4 185 GALEGA rricotor. Three-coloured Galega. DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. LEGUMINOS&. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. dentibus subulatis, subequalibus. Legumen striis obli- quis, seminibus interjectis. Galega tricolor ; pubescenti-pilosa, foliolis oblongo-cuneatis retusis mu- cronulatis, floribus cernuis, stipulis lanceolato-subulatis basi denta- tis. Stem much branched, angular, slightly hairy. Leaves pinnated, with an odd leaflet ; leaflets oblong or elliptical, cuneate at the base, remarkably obtuse or even retuse at the extremity, slightly pubescenti-pilose, marked with closely set, oblique veins; the number of leaflets vary from 7 to 13, and each is terminated with a small mucro or bristle. Stipules lanceolato-subulate, with one or two large teeth at the base, soon wither- ing in the older parts of the stem. Racemes axillary, pedunculate, 5-6 inches long, with densely crowded flowers, erect in early bud, drooping when in full blossom. P short, slender, supported by a small linear or subulate ieee. Calyx subcylindrical, scarcely nerved, obtuse at the base, at the extremity ha- ving 5, nearly regular, subulate, slightly hairy teeth. Vexillum about as long as the carina, broadly ovate, blue, with dark blue lines within near the base ; claw white. Ale shorter than the carina, oblong, taper- ing below, pale blue. Carina curved upwards, white, with an orange spot near the extremity, arising from the anthers within. Stamens 10, diadelphous, 1 free, 9 united. Filaments white. Anthers ob- longo-ovate, deep and bright orange-coloured. Pistil : Germen linear, pubescent, containing about 8 ovules. Style filiform, curved upwards. Stigma obtuse, appearing hairy under a very high power of the micro- scope. . Sent by Messrs SHEPHERD from the Liverpool Botanic Garden, July 1825, as a supposed Galega from the north-west coast of New Holland, whence the seeds were introduced by. Tuomas Bats, Esq. of Liverpool. It certainly has the ha-_ VOL, II. bit of that genus; but without the seed-vessel I cannot speak with certainty. 7 ie Fig. 1. Flower. Fig. 2. Calyx and stamens. Fig. 3. Pistil. Fig. 4. Up- per part of the style and stigma. Fig. 5. Vexillum.—AW more or less magnified. 186 CATTLEYA Loppicesii. Long-stalked Cattleya. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nart. Onp. ORCHIDEZ, Gen. Cuar.—Perianthium resupinatum, patens, laciniis subeequalibus. Cos lumna libera, semiteres, labello eroso cucullato amplexa. Anthera infra apicularis opercularis persistens, columne apice subulato supertecta, 4-locularis ; septis completis membranaceis marginatis. Massa pollinis 4, lenticulares, per pares filo elastico granulato in ipsis reflexo connexe. INDL Herbe parasitice (America Zquinoctialis) ; bulbis fasciculatis ; foliis soli- tariis (vel binis) carnosis enervibus; floribus terminalibus geminis gran- dibus subodoris. ; Cattleya Loddigesii ; perianthii laciniis “subequalibus obtusis, labelli trilobo lobo medio selleeformi.—Lindl. Cattleya Loddigesii, Linpu. in Coll. Bot. p. 33. (sub C. labiata.) Epidendrum violaceum, Lopp. Bot. Cab. t. 337. Parasitic. Stem almost a foot high, jointed (scarcely bulbous), the joints linear-oblong, compressed, furrowed, pale green, at the top bearing two oblong, thick, fleshy, dark green, patent, nerveless leaves; from the centre of which rises the peduncle, sheathed at the base with a larger, compressed, membranaceous, greenish bractea, and having at the ex- tremity about 4 remote large handsome flowers. Petals oblongo-lan- ceolate, waved, spreading, and even recurved, of a beautiful rose-colour, sprinkled with dots of a deeper hue. Lip large, standing forward, as long as the petals, at the base rolled into a tube inclosing the column, of a pale rose colour, at the extremity deeply 3-lobed, lobes large, cre- nate and waved, the two upper ones white, the lower one much the largest; emarginate, edged with rose colour; the palate furrowed. Column pure white, semicylindrical, broadish upwards. Anther small, situated in the front, just beneath the apex, and above the convex viscid stigma, hemispherical, laterally compressed, white, within 4-celled, in two pairs; each cell is occupied by a yellow flesh pollen-mass, with a foostalk appressed to its edge, and by means of which the pollen- are united in pairs. Germen very long, terete, thickest upwards, ” VOL, II. This is asecond species of this truly splendid genus (the for- mer, C. labiata, having been given at t. 157. of this work) ; and although each individual blossom, taken separately, is nei- ther so large, nor so varied in colour as C. labiata, yet, from the circumstance of the plant producing a greater number of flowers, it is equally striking in appearance. Although recently figured by Mr LoppiGEs, it was intro- duced for the first time into Great Britain at the Botanic Gar- den of Liverpool, from the neighbourhood of St Paul’s, Brazil *, by Mr Wooprorpk, so long ago as the year 1810. It blos- somed there in 1811, and has done so every year since; and from it Mr SHEPHERD believes have originated all the indi- viduals that now exist in other collections. Our drawing was made from a fine specimen communicated ‘by our liberal friends the Messrs SHEPHERDS, in the month of September. Fig.1. Lip. Fig.2. Column. Fig. 3. Anther-case from the pollen-masses, Fig. 4. have been removed.—Figs. 3. & 4. slightly magnified. * Along with pane . a elias 3 777 : 4 yl F iio , ta, st Fy ifolia, and Marica cerulea, 187 VANDA ReEcuRva. Recurved Vanda. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDES. Gen. Cuar.—Labellum calcaratum, cum basi simplici (breviusve producta), Petala pa- column aptere continuum, trifidum, lobo medio carn tentia, distincta. Masse pollinis 2, obliqua biloba,—Br. Vanda recurva; foliis lineari-lanceolatis, pedunculis oppositifoliis laxe spicatis recurvis, labello concavo tridentato. Saccanthus rostratus, Linpu. Coll. Bot. ined. Vanda rostrata, Lopp. Bot. Cad. t. 1008. ° Stem in our plants about 8 inches high, brownish-green, spotted obscurely with purple, subcompressed, sending out here and there simple, flexu- ose, thick roots from near the base. Leaves alternate, remote, jointed as it were upon the vagina, subdistichous, linear-lanceolate, thick and fleshy, acute at the point. Peduncle about 4 inches long, springing from that point of the stem imme-. diately opposite to the insertion of a leaf, deflexed, waved, naked at the base, or only beset with a few small scales or bractex, the rest bearing many flowers, constituting a small spike or raceme. Each flower has a minute bractea at its base. Petals 5, oval, concave, spreading, equal, reddish-brown, with a broad line in the centre, and the margins of a yellow colour, paler externally. The Lip is about equal in size to the petals, thick, fleshy, very concave, rose-coloured, with three sharp lobes or teeth, which are singularly incurved ; at the base below, the lip is protruded into a large hollow spur or pouch of the same colour, and which is nearly equal in length with the germen. Column short, white, with two teeth at the base within, a hollow gland or stigma in the front, and which, on the top, is crowned with the operculiform, acuminated, white anther-case. The top of the stigma has an acuminated process, corresponding with that of the anther-case. Pollen-masses 2, deep yel- low, obliquely, and so deeply 2-lobed, as to appear four distinct masses: these are attached to one end of a filiform stalk, while the other extre- mity has a small gland, by means of which it is attached to the process forming the top of the stigma. Germen linear-filiform, nearly white, re- sembling a pedicel. VOL. III. This charming little plant was communicated by the Hor- ticultural Society (who probably received it from China or In- - dia) to our Garden, where it blossomed in a warm stove in Oc- tober 1825. Whether or not the dérides paniculatum of Bot: Reg. p. 220. be a congener with Vanda Roxburghii, it most unquestionably is with the present plant ; and it appears to me, that, both in habit and essential characters, they may all be in- eluded in Mr Brown’s genus Vanda *. From Aérid. paniculatum our plant differs, in its much ‘smaller size, acutely-pointed leaves, reflexed spikes (not pa- nicle), and in the colour of the lip and spur, which is here rose- coloured, whilst in the other it is represented yellow. Fig. 1. Side view of a flower. Fig. 2. Front view of ditto. Fig. 3. Co- lumn, lip and spur, the petals and germen being removed. Fig. 4 Front view of the column, with the anther-case (Fig. 5.) removed. Fig. 6. Pollen-masses, with their footstalk and gland.—All more or less magnified. “* Whilst this sheet was in the press, and too late to alter the name upon the Plate, 1 am informed by my friend Mr Sanrye, that this plant will be called Saccanthus ros- tratus by Mr Liyvtey in his Collectanea Botanica, which name is consequently to be re- ‘tained. Mr Loppicss, too, has figured it.as Vanda rostrata, which is probably the MS. name of Mr Lanpury. AES Wie. a Mag et - a _ es EP peony 9 5 = ——— se atid lou ie ‘ Yel BESTE: yu ag 188 DALBERGIA Barciayvu. Mr Barclays Dalbergia. DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. LEGUMINOS#. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. obsoleto dentatus. Legumen foliaceum planum non de- hiscens. Semina solitaria vel bina.—WILLp. Dalbergia Barclayii ; foliis pinnatis, foliolis lineari-lanceolatis margini- bus revolutis, subtus sericeis, racemo terminali elongato, calycibus sericeis dentibus subulatis, vexillo dorso sericeo. Dalbergia Barclayii, Te.rarr, MSS- Stem erect, branches pilose. Leaves pinnated, with an odd one. Leaflets inear-lanceolate, from one to two inches long, more or less obtuse, some- times mucronated, upon extremely short, pubescent, partial petioles, the under side silky, and having the margins revolute; the upper side glabrous, dark green. Stipules small, subulate, hairy. Racemes elongated, terminal. Flowers two or three together, sometimes verticillate. Pedicels short, silky. Calyx obtuse at the base, very silky; 5-toothed, teeth nearly equal, subulate. Vezillum large, reflexed, purple, silky on the back. Ale and carina glabrous, pale purple, the latter the longest. Stamens 10, monadelphous. Pistil rather longer than the sta- mens. Germen linear, hairy; style filiform, glabrous, white. Stigma capitate. Discovered in the Island of Madagascar by Messrs Hrt- SINBORG and Boyer. Seeds were communicated from the Mauritius by CoarLes TELFarr, Esq. to our mutual friend Mr Barcway, in whose stove at Bury Hill it blossomed in October 1825. Mr Te.ratr expressed a desire that it should bear the name of Barclayii ; and I am happy that it has fallen to my lot thus to commemorate an individual who has done so much towards introducing new and rare plants into this coun- try, particularly those of Madagascar. The species seems to be liable to some variation. Our dried specimens from Madagascar are much shorter, and more VOL, IIL. compact than the cultivated one, and more silky. Another specimen, again, which Mr TeLFatrr assures me Messrs HEt- SINBORG and BoJeER considered only a variety of this, has the leaves broader, less silky beneath, and the racemes of flowers more compact. The drawing of the natural size in the accompanying plate, was made at Bury Hill by Mr Duncompse. Fig. 1. Flower. Fig. 2. One of the Ale. Fig. 3. Carina. Fig. 4, Stamens on ge the pistil. Ai ig. 5. Pistil—All more or less magnified = Les » OV} Cis 2 A te Zé 4 189 GRAEMIA aromatica. South American Chamomile. SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA ZQUALIS.—Nart. Orv. COMPOSIT, Juss. ANTHEMIDEA, Cass. Gen. Cuar.—ZJnvolucrum e foliolis linearibus, laxis, demum reflexis. Re- ceptaculum ovatum tuberculatum, paleaceum. Flosculi ovati, cubinfati Achenia squamis 5-7, membranaceis, aristatis coronata. Capitula exacte spheerica. Gremia aromatica; annua, ramosa, glutinosa, foliis lanceolatis semi- amplexicaulibus undulato-dentatis inferioribus pinnatifidis. Root small, annual. Whole plant sprinkled with excessively minute, glan- dular, yellow dots, which give out a powerful odour, and render it glu- tinous to the touch, particularly when pressed. Stem about a foot high in the largest specimens, slender, much branched, branches nearly erect, striated, glabrous. Leaves scattered, 2-3 inches long, below pinnatifid, with remote segments ; above lanceolate, toothed and waved, at the base semiamplexicaul. Flowers solitary, terminal, exactly spherical, and about the size of the fruit of the Wood Strawberry. JInvolucre of 8 or 10 linear leaflets, glandular on the outside, spreading and lax, soon reflexed. Florets, all of them tubular and perfect, much crowded. Corollules ovate, inflated, yellow, clothed with viscid, glandular hairs ; the mouth has 5 connivent teeth. Stamens 5, bidentate at the base of the anthers, included. Style filiform, as long as the corollule. Stigma bipartite, the segments spreading over the mouth of the corollule, plane alate glandular at the extremity. Fruit or Achenium oblong, hairy, especially at the angles, which are pro- minent, crowned at the summit with from 5-7 large, pure white, deli- cately fimbriated, membranaceous, aristate scales. Receptacles ovate, tuberculated, chaffy ; the scales small, linear, deciduous. Seeds of this interesting plant were kindly communicated to me, along with many others, in the spring of 1824, by Mrs Maria Granam, on her return from Chili, where they were gathered during some of the excursions made by that Lady in Various provinces; perhaps at Quintero, just as she was on the point of quitting the country, where, as she says in her amusing and instructive account of her sojourn, “ we gathered many seeds and roots, which I hope to see springing up in sins VOL. III. | land, to remind me of this, where I have met with a kindness and a hospitality never to be forgotten *.” The particular seeds were marked as being “ called Man- canilla, and as having the smell of Chamomile;” and assuredly the odour is exactly similar, or rather more powerfully fragrant. The plant might probably with advantage be cultivated and used instead of that valuable herb in this country. We have now raised it in our garden for two years, and can speak with confidence of its being a hardy annual, ripening abundance of seeds in the autumn. With regard to the genus of the present plant, it comes nearest, perhaps, to Santolina; but in characters it neither ac- cords with that nor any other that I can find described; and I have been induced to constitute of it a new genus, Gremia, a name which will thus serve to commemorate the Lady to whom we are indebted for the introduction and knowledge of the indi- vidual, no less than of my valued friend Dr Roperr Granam, Professor of Botany in the University of Edinburgh. In the same genus will rank the Santolina tinctoria of Mo ina, the “ Santolinoydes, Linarie folio, flore aureo, &e. of FEUILLEE, Obs. v. 3. t. 45. p. 61. which accords with this in habit. It has, however, a perennial root, from which a num- ber of simple stems proceed, bearing linear leaves, which are quite entire, and taper down into a sort of footstalk at the base. The head of flowers is exactly similar, but more distinctly hairy and fglandular, and the scales of the fruit are less decidedly fringed. This species is employed by the Chilians to yield an excellent yellow dye, and universally known to them by the name of Poguil. I possess specimens gathered by my friend Mr Menziss at Chili, which exactly accord with FEUILLEE’s figure. Fig. 1. Heads of flowers. Fig. 2 Biigle Soiltéles Fig. 3. Scale of the Germen in fruit. Fig. 4. Stamens, upper part of the style and stigma. Fig. 5. Receptacle, from which most of the florets have fallen. Fig. 6. Fruit. ri 7. Louse leaf— All but oe 7. more or less magnified. —_ = sles ame also ni culteate in Cuts” : OFM: ve Dth Ab pi AA A “eo Be aka 190 HELICONIA sraziiensis. Brazilian Heliconia. SS eee PENTANDRIA (v. Potrus HEXANDRIA) MONOGYNIA.—Nart. Orb. MUSACELE. Gen. Cuar.—Spathe universales et partiales. Perianthium 6-partitum ; segmenta tria; interiora fere ad apicem unita convoluta. Filamentum ~ sextum abortum squamiforme. Capsula infera, trilocularis, trivalvis. Semina solitaria. Heliconia braziliensis; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, acutis, basi cordatis, spathis universalibus patentibus paucis subdistantibus distichis (coc- cineis.) Plant everywhere glabrous, about 7 or 8 feet high, with a short stem, ans is clothed with the long sheathing bases of the petiols. Leaf- feet long, cylindrical, shining. Leaves, the lowermost ones 2 pone the upper ones 8-10 inches in length; all of them ovato- or oblongo-lan- ceolate, cordate at the base, very acute, scarcely acuminate at the ex- tremity, marked with several parallel and obliquely transverse nerves, with numerous smaller ones between them: above of a deep and almost velvety green, paler beneath. Flowering-stem scarcely so high as the — emer — wy afew ie) distichous. , spreading, elonga ted, spathas, attached to a zig-zag rachis. The lower spatha is lengthened out into a greenish leafy extremity, and is abortive ; the rest include in their swollen base a fascicle of sessile green flowers, 7-8 in number, each subtended by an ovato-lanceolate, concave, reddish bractea or in- ner spatha, about half its length. Perianth of 6 linear-lanceolate, acute, segments, of which the three outer are erecto-patent, curved, the in- ner, or that next the rachis, being the largest, carinate at the back, embracing with its base the lower part of the two smaller and narrower ones, and which are flattened on the back, and compressed on the sides, so as to be triquetrous. The 3 inner segments are united together for nearly the whole length (the points alone being free), and convolute, and embracing the stamens and style. Stamens: of these 5 are perfect, rather longer than the perianth, and inserted at the base of its united inner segments: the sixth is opposite to these, and has no attachment to the inner segment of the perianth, but is inclosed within its convo- lute base; it is abortive, and forms an erect, whitish, oblong scale, VOL. IIL. tipped with a short mucro. Pistil: Germen inferior, triangular, taper- ing downwards, containing 3 cells. Style about as long as the filaments, white, slender, but broadest in the middle, compressed, and triquetrous. Stigma obtuse. This fine plant was sent to me from the stove of the Liver- pool Botanic Garden by Messrs SHEPHERD, who received it from Mr Arron, marked as a native of Brazil. The species to which, as far as I can judge from figures and descriptions, it is most nearly allied are H. caribea (Puiu. t. 59.), and the H. Bihai of Linn. Mant.: from the former, however, dif- fering in having the extremity of the leaves acute; from the latter, in having the base obtuse, and even cordate, as well as in the colour of the universal spathas. Sir James SMrrH seems to me to have taken an excellent view of the structure of the flowers of this plant, in considering the smaller nectary of Jussteu an abortive stamen, and the larger one as an inner portion of the perianth. It is, however, evidently composed of 3 segments, united for nearly the whole length: thus, we have the ternary number, both in the floral covering and in the stamens, which is so common in the mono- cotyledonous plants. Fig. 1. Cluster of flowers removed from the universal spatha. Fig. 2. Inner segments of the perianth, with the 5 perfect stamens. Fig. 3. Flower from which the two smaller of the outer and the three inner segments have been removed, with the perfect stamens, the abortive squamiform ‘stamen remaining. Fig. 4. The squamiform stamen. Fig. 5. Portion of the style. Fig. 7. Back view ; and Fig. 8. Front view of the anthers and flowers, the perianth being removed.—All more or less magnified. 191 RUELLIA antsopny ta. Unequal-leaved Ruellia. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.—Narz. Op. ACANTHACEE. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. 5-partitus (nunc profunde 5-fidus), equalis. Corolla in- fundibuliformis, limbo 5-fido, parum inzquali, patenti. Stamina 4, an» therifera, inclusa: Anthere loculis parallelis muticis. Ovarii loculi po- lyspermi. Capsula teretiuscula subsessilis, dissepimento adnato. Se- mina retinaculis subtensa. Herbe oppositifolie, caulescentes, seepe pilose. Flores azillares vel terminales. —Br. — anisophylla ; glabra, foliis breviter petiolatis distichis oblongis acuminatis serratis, singulo opposito alternatim abortivo. Flo- hii capitatis, caule acutangulo. Ruellia anisophylla, Wauutcn, MSS. Perennial, with a zig-zag, branched, green, acutely quadrangular, glabrous stem, about a foot high in our plant. Leaves 3-4 inches long, very shortly petiolate, distichous, oblong, acute at the base, very much attenuated at the extremity, serrated at the margin, glabrous, above dark green, with prominent veins, below paler, the veins sunk in the substance of the leaf: one of each S sco = sg fe seen is —- = = seems to be litt] dnl Fertile flower-stalks from the axil of the fully developed leaf, snd leaning to the underside, much shorter than the leaves, quadrangular, with one or two (when two, the lower one sessile) small heads of flowers, of which 2 or 3 are expanded at atime. Calyx small, deeply 5-fid, pu- bescent, the segments narrow: each is subtended by 3 bractez, two la~ teral, and one, the larger one, in front; these are lanceolate. Corolla large, handsome, pubescent externally, and veined, narrow, and yellow at the base, above enlargéd, pale bluish-purple, showy, the mouth spreading, 5-lobed, lobes somewhat irregular, crenate at the margin. the eotedla for almost their whole length, pabciemnk at the ase: the ex- tremity curved and swollen, bearing a 2-lobed anther; each lobe acute, somewhat spreading, opening transversely, yellowish-white. Pistil : Germen oblong, small. Style long, slender, filiform, slightly thickened upwards. Stigma acute VOL, lit. We received this singular plant at our Botanic Garden from Mr Mackay, nurseryman, Islington, to whom it was sent from the Calcutta Botanic Garden. I have native speci- mens from Nepal, bearing the appropriate MS. name of Ruwel- lia anisophylla of Watticu. The appearance of the plant is most singular for one of its natural family; one of each al- ternate pair of leaves being so small, as to be scarcely percep- tible; and the fully formed ones having no inconsiderable re- semblance to those of a Celtis. The flowers are large and handsome, and produced freely from the axils of the leaves in the months of September and October, in the stove of our Botanic Garden. Figs. 1, 2. Flowers. Fig. 3. Calyx, from which the side and front bractee (Figs. 4, 4, 5.) have been removed. Fig. 6. Upper part of a corolla torn open, to shew the situation of the stamens. Fig. 7. Stamens and style. Fig. 8. Anther.— Al but Figs. 1. & 2, more or less magnified. | FUGA OPAL BOCCHFOLMY 192 ANDROMEDA sauicirouts. * Willow-leaved Andromeda, or Wild Arbutus. DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Onv. ERICEZ. Gen, Cuar.—Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. ovata, ore quinquefido. Capsula su- pera, quinque-locularis, dissepimentis e medio valvarum. Andromeda salicifolia ; racemis secundis glabris, foliis lanceolatis basi apiceque attenuatis subtus albidis. Andromeda salicifolia, Commers, MSS.—Lam. Encycl. v. i. p. 159.—Smitu, Ic. ined. t. 58.—Wiiip. Sp. Pi. v. ii. p. 611. Shrubby, much branched, glabrous in all its parts. Leaves numerous, al- ternate, 2-4 inches long, rigid, coriaceous, lanceolate, but varying con- siderably in breadth in different specimens, acuminated, quite entire, attenuated at the base into a footstalk, which is from half an inch to an inch in length, dark green above, pale, and almost white beneath: there is a central rib, and two obscure depressed lines, one on each side, run- ning parallel with it. Racemes terminal, 4—6 inches long. Flowers rather large, handsome, secund, drooping. Pedicels about as long as the flower, subtended by a minute scale or bractea. Calyx deeply 5-fid; the segments broadly ovate. Co- rolla ovate, or oblongo-ovate, of a beautiful purple colour, the mouth contracted, 5-toothed. Stamens 8. Filaments erect: Anthers with a pore at the extremity of each cell. Germen 5-lobed. Style shorter than the corolla: stigma obtuse. Capsule very hard, coriaceous, opening with 5 valves, each valve bearing the dissepiment in the middle, which dis- sepiment alternates with the lobes of the central seminal receptacle: hence it is 5-celled. The lobes of the receptacle are covered with nu- merous, small, oblong, curved brownish seeds, and are crowned with the persistent style. For the opportunity of figuring this charming plant, I am indebted to CHarLtes TELFaIR, Esq. of the Mauritius, who was so good as to send me a coloured drawing by Mrs’ TELFarr, together with numerous fine specimens, in various Stages of fructification. CoMMERSON is the first botanist who - VOL, iii. detected this plant in the Mauritius. In the wood of Bel- ombre, in the same island (where the plant is known by the name of Wild Arbutus), our specimens here figured were ga- thered. I have others, with which I have been favoured by Mr TeLratr, which were gathered by the indefatigable bo- tanists HeELSINBoRG and BoJER in mountainous places, on the banks of rivers, in the province of Emirne, Madagascar. Fig. 1. Flower. Fig. 2. Stamen. Fig. 3. Capsule cut through tranverse- ly. Fig. 4. Capsule, with the valves forced back farther than they open naturally, in order to shew the dissépiment and seeds, as attached to the lobes of the siete Smee or less magnified. > c> ‘ Se ag ee O ¢ Iie —Ahbbbedeslla et Dae es eee sates it~ ener ES oe Miiatore aeinimngrie ee bs Bie a oe | | | ee a er age py wee ees, 206 CALADIUM pepatum.. Pedate-leaved Caladium. MONECIA POLYANDRIA.—Nar. Onp. AROIDE#. Gen. Cuar.—Masc. Cal. 0. Cor. 0. Anthere peltate, multiloculares, in spicam ad apicem spadicis composite.—Fam. Cal. 0. Cor. 0. Ger- mina ad basin spadicis inserta. Stylus 0. Bacca unilocularis, polysper- ma. Caladium pedatum ; caulescens, foliis longe petiolatis cordatis profunde tripartitis, lacinia superiore maxima pinnatifida inferius auriculatis incisis, pedunculis petiolo brevioribus, spatha cucullata involuta. Stem climbing, cylindrical, succulent, green, about an inch in diameter, jointed, and throwing out thick fibrous roots from various parts of its length. i a ee ae sheathing at the basi Peduncle shorter than the petiole, cylindrical, green. Seatha & inched lang: ae broad, cucullate, involute, so as almost whally to conceal the spadix, ra : ‘ther thick and st the mid the contraction, yellowish-white above it Spadiz nearly as long as the e sides of which are several longitudinal cells. Communicated by Mr SHEPHERD from the collectiie of 49 HAREIsON of Aegsburgh, who had received it from Bra- | VOL. 11. It appears to be quite an undescribed species, allied, how- ever, to the West Indian C. awritam, in | which the ultimate segment is not pinnatifid, but entire. Fig. 1. Spadix, natural size. Fig. 2. Stamens. Fig. 3. Abortive stamens. Fig. 4. Pistil,—magnified. 207 EPIDENDRUM euupricom. Elliptical-leaved Epidendrum. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA—Nar. Onv. ORCHIDES. — Gen. Cuar.—Columna cum ungue labelli longitudinaliter connata in tu- bum (quandoque decurrentem ovarium). Masse pollinis 4, parallele, re completis persistentibus distinctz, basi filo granulato elastico auc- Epidendrum ellipticum; foliis alternis 0 sibbelipuseie miccslentin pedun- culis terminalibus elongatis, labello perianthio zequali tripartito fim- _ hues lobo intermedio minore lineari—Grauam, MSS. “ Roots long, cat aia cas adi d de Ceaen tho aren of th branches. Stem jointed, branched ; branches simple, round, Gaia flexuose, green, spotted with dull brown. Leaves alternate, ly concave above, to elliptico-linear, and nearly flat ; oc ‘slight- : ee very obscurely marked with numerous . little way at the bottom, there are sheaths tier oe 9a Sian = . ed, } ——— iatit ‘withered, brows and striated sn thelr epper part. : “ Inflorescence a crowded, short, terminal spike; rachis toothed Flowers oe ee conical, pale yellowish-green, occasionally reddish at its base. Pollen- masses four, yellow, attached by a filament exceeding them in length. Germen an inch long, furrowed, enlarging upwards, pink. « The mode of growth of this plant is curious, and analogous to that of other genera among the Orchidee. A bud forms immediately above a joint, from this one or more flowering-branches are sent forth, and from the origin of these many roots arise: branches with roots in like manner proceed from these, and others from these again, each after flowering gradually to decay. Perhaps the plant, therefore, would be portion being what for convenience is here called a branch.”—Granam, MSS. This plant was received from Rio through Captain GranaM, in 1824, and flowered in the stove of the Edinburgh Botanic Garden in March 1826. From Ep. elongatum it diffe i in the shape and texture of the leaves, and especially in the lip of the flower, which has the middle lobe linear, and much smaller than the lateral ones, whereas in Z. elongatum it ingh the same size and shape as these. Fig. 1. Flower seen in front. Fig.2. Anther-case. Fig. 3. Sia aie, magnified. a, b, c,d, Are stems or branches of different ages ; a, the oldest was connected with 4, close to the surface of the earth, and c, d, _ had their origin at the same time from the - joint e, from which they were only detached by accident ; a, is now quite dead, and ¢ has little ee meen tico-linear, and nearly flat. fick HE secs oon Mewcred het 2 the one represented in the figure, much more freely. At f, a small swelling oon Shenialern.achenes On pai Some eee 2) Vertes Ie fe __ cessor. There Je no both. sellee 2 £. : Se Sag Ae panei tani DIRE ese ed oe amie SERA od Re ee Te ASB Dae many eM oe Thyme an te Mea ROMs 208 ASPLENIUM FLABELLIFOLIUM. Fan-shape leaved Asplenvum. CRYPTOGAMIA FILICES.—Nar. Orv. FILICES. Gen. Cuar.—Sori lineares, sparsi, dorsales. Involucrum e vena lateraliver _ ortum ducens, margine superiore libero.—Br. : 0 ae flabellifolium ; frondibus pinnatis, pinnulis orbiculato-rhom- ____ beis antice crenato-dentatis, rachi levi apice filiformi nuda radi- cante. —Br. Asplenium flabelliforme, Cav.—Swartz, a Fil. p. 81. t. 3. ££ 2—Wittp. Sp. Pl. v. 5. p. 333.—Brown, Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 150. yes : pes from 3 to 6 inches long, slender, shining, brownish-green, with a few ____ seales at the base. Frond a foot and more in length, simply pinnated. __ Rachis waved, very slender, filiform, glabrous, naked at the extremity, __ and there throwing out roots and new plants, probengtorencs Ege : __with distant pinnz. Pinna alternate, many of them quite flabelliform in form, others — approaching to roundish, the base obliquely y broad, en- "nerves, upon which the fructifications are situated. oo ‘Sori liner, dark brown ten so ely paced nage to eso con- - fluent. a This pretty and very delicate Fern is a native of flew a d, and was first described by ee It was fad by Me teow about Port Jackson, in Van Diemen’s Asland, and on the southern shores of New Holland. From near Port Jackson living specimens were sent to our Botanic Garden, along with many site rare Ferns, and still ‘more rare oe -orchideous plants, by Mr Fraser, in the year 1825. _Hither- as to we ngs = the eon in a warm stove, where it soon eae ee With no described Fern does this species seem to have any striking affinity; but from my friend Dr Griivies of Mendoza, S. America, I possess specimens of an Asplenium, which in many respects accord well with this, and which were found upon rocks at the famous Uspalata mines. The form of the pinne and the fructification are exactly similar ; but in the South American individual, the pinne are much smaller, of a more delicate texture, the rachis is leafy to the extremity, which is never rooting or proliferous. The whole plant, too, is not more than 4 or 5 inches high *. : Fig. iA pinna, seen from the outside. Fig. 2. Three capsules, evi shad * Dr Griures’s plant may be thus dulined ; Asplenium Gilliesii ; frondibus pinnatis, pinnis flabelliformibus antice crenato-dentatis, a ii ants : HID . fe, Fr ad, cs AMOFOFILM Way bee hn a4 Chae zt ae af, wah! KAA fee's. WQSGOU . fv wt 209 - EUCROSIA sicotor. _ Two-coloured Eucrosia.. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA (rectius MONADELPHIA).—Nar. Orv. AMARYLLIDEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Cor. supera, sexpartita, tubo declinato, fauce obliqua. Sta- mina valde exserta monadelpha mox declinata. Caps. trilocularis. Eucrosia bicolor. Eucrosia bicolor, Bot. Reg. t. 207.—Hers. in Bot. Mag. t. 2490. “ Bulb globose, brown. Leaf petioled, elliptico-lanceolate, slightly undu~ late, about 1 foot long, 4 inches broad ; midrib large, succulent, chan- nelled in front, and of a paler green than the leaf; petiole about 5 inches long, pale glaucous green, succulent, compressed. “ Scape nearly two feet long, round, tapering upwards, glaucous. Spatha multivalvular, longer than the pedicels (shorter in the pee She mar- cescent. Umbel many-flowered ; pedicels spreading, nearly straight, about one inch long. Corolla: limb of a nearly uniform —— each other for a very little way at the bases only : ‘chore is 0 lntigt, plated on the inside of the base of each, yielding much sweet fluid. Anthers linear, cleft at one end, attached loosely to the filaments at a little dis- tance from their centres, and, with these, of a bright green. Style fur- rowed, twisted, especially before it is fully evolved, equal in length to the longest filament, and of the same shape and colour ; at first straight, — small, somewhat pubescent, ont mati white."—GraHam. VOL. It. From the stove of the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, whence we derived our drawing made by Dr.GrEyILLE, and our de- scription by Dr Granam. It blossomed in March 1826. The bulb was added to the collection by Mr Nett, who had it from Mr JAMESON, resident in Chili. It produced a luxu- riant plant with six flowers, and a large green leaf at the same time with the scape. “ The difference of colour,” Dr GRAHAM observes, “ but more particularly the. circumstance of the fila- ments being connected for a very little. way. only, together. with the shape of the leaf, may excite a suspicion. that. this and the E. bicolor, Bot. Mag. are distinct ; but I believe they are the same.” The bulb and flowering scape are represented of the natural size; the leaf is diminished one-third. . LEAF MOOS CEE ¢ 210 POTHOS cortices. Coriaceous Pothos. TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. AROIDER. Gen. Cuar.—Spatha monophylla. Spadix cylindraceus, undi oe Wéibus tectus. Perianthium tetraphyllum. Bacca tetrasperma. Pothos coriacea ; acaulis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis undulatis coriaceis baal cbliquis veiniaia; warvé ee culo foliis dimidio breviore. Pothos coriacea, Granam, ix Edinb. Phil. Journ. April 1826. “ Roots strong, fleshy, round and branched. Stem none. Leaves petioled, lanceolate, undulate, coriaceous, dull green, about 24 feet long, suberect, set obliquely on the petiole, veined, having an obscure lateral rib or nerve near the edge of the leaf; middle rib very strong, prominent and round both behind and before. Petioles rising from the centre of the crown of the root, where they are very turgid, 6-8 inches long, semi- cylindrical, about as thick as the fore finger, with a swollen joint at the ve “ Peduncle erect, much shorter than the leaves. Spatha sub lanceolate, acuminate, pale green, rather shorter than the spadix. Spa- dix round, tapering, about 5 inches long, greenish-white, shortly after its evolution covered with ‘globules of a transparent, colourless fluid, giving it in most lights a very beautiful silvery appearance. Anthers yellow ; filaments white. Poa white, spotted with rose-colour. “ This species I have seen at Kew; but I am not aware that it has any where been described. The specific name here given ——— dry, thick foliage.”—Granam. The above description, together with the accompanying ee gure, drawn by Dr GrEvILLE, were commun eee ote cas Dr Granam. The _ seo vaptain Gra VOL. III. a pe of H. M. Packet-Service from Rio Janeiro in 1824. It flower- ed in the stove of the Edinburgh Royal Botanic Garden in June 1825. Fig. 1. Much reduced plant of Pothos coriacea. Fig. 2. Spatha and spadix, natural size. Fig. 3. Portion of the spadix, to shew the flowers more distinctly, magnified. Fig. 4. Stamens ; and, Fig. 5. Pistil, likewise mag- nified. + < ag ee Lge tL ae SV ound Bre lt “211 211 ‘ POTHOS Haraisit. Mr Harris's Pothos. TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Onp. AROIDE#. Gen. Cuar.—Spatha monophylla. Spadix F aa undique floribus tectus. Perianthium tetraphyllum. Bacca tetras Pothos Harrisii ; caulescens, foliis lanceolato-acuminatis venosis, nervo laterali, petiolo apice nodoso, pedunculo foliis aequali. Pothos Harrisii, Granam, in Edin. Phil. Journ. April 1826. “Caulescent. Roots creeping, and, as they descend perpendicularly from ~ many parts of the stem, cylindrical, fleshy, red, slightly scarred. Stems flexuose, jointed, green. “ Leaves petioled, scattered, about 18 inches long, cordato-lanceolate, acute (scarcely so in the drawing), bright green, shining, veined, somewhat folded in the middle, flat when beginning to decay ; middle Pode: : ragged sheath to the upper part of the stem. oe “ Peduncle ee equal in length to the leaf and petiole, slender, erect. : nearly as long as the spadix, narrow, pointed, reflected, pale green, red- dish at the tip ; anthers yellow; filaments white ; pistil pale green, spotted with red.” | Brought, along with P. coriacea (figured in the last plate) by Captain Granam, together with several other new and rare plants, to the Edinburgh Botanic Garden in 1824. a were given to that gentleman by M. Joaquim Harris of Rio, — oy in testimony of whose exertions in behalf of _ ore a — Ill. Professor GRAHAM of Edinburgh has named the present spe- cies. It is kept in the stove, and grows freely. The above description is entirely from Dr Granam ; the drawing from the pencil of Dr Greviixe. Fig. 1. Plant of Pothos Harrisii, much reduced. Fig. 2. Spatha and spa- dix, natural size. Fig. 3. Portion of the spadix, to shew the flowers. ‘Fig. 4. Front view. Fig. 5. Back view of a stamen; and, together with Fig. 6. the Pistil, magnified re eS wt de Bets fsa fk y ~- A 2 “Le he kh” oe Mt ae Cll Fld) =F Fun Gel ZAx JUSTICIA catyrricna. Fellow-flowered Justicia. DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nat. Orv. ACAN THACES. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. 5-partitus, raro. 4-partitus. Cor. valde irregularis, bila- biata, v. ringens, labio inferiore diviso. Stam. 2, antherifera. Anth. bi- loculares, loculis insertione sepe inequalibus. Filamenta sterilia, nulla v. obsoleta. Ovarii loculi dispermi. Dissepimentum adnatum. Semina retinaculis subtensa.—Br. Justicia calytricha; panicula terminali compacta, corollis breviter bila- biatis, labio inferiore recurvato trifido, calyce 5-partito segmentis longissimis setaceis, foliis cordato-ovatis undulatis. Justicia calytricha, Orro, in litt. 3 Stem 2 to 4 feet high, branched, branches rounded, glabrous, swelling at the | joints. Leaves opposite, glabrous, large, 3-5 inches long, flaccid, waved, cordato-ovate, upon rather long and stout petioles, which are plane or Bi slightly grooved above, jointed as it were upon the stem. Panicle small, compact, its branches opposite, with a pair of small leaves at ther short lips, of which the upper one is straight, acuminato-entire, the _ Si fe Pi |. Pistil: Germen ong, marked on each side with a longitudinal furrow, tapering upwards into the long, filiform style. Stigma small, bifid. This curious plant flowered in the month of January of — the present year (1826) in the stove of the Botanic Garden of : from Mr Oro of Berlin, a few months before. No’ hing, how- : i VOL. III. S : ae le eS Ce es ever, has been communicated of its history, or of its native country. It is remarkable in the pale yellow colour of its flowers, and still more so in the long, almost hair-like segments of the ca- lyx, which give a very peculiar aspect to the panicle of flowers. Fig. 1. Single flower. Fig. 2. Front view of stamen. Fig. 3. Back view of ditto. Fig. 4. Top of the style and stigma. Fig. 5. Lower part of the corolla laid open, to shew the insertion of the filaments of the sta- eee GE tel We POROUS C7 Jy pi? fF Faan Leulf.” e 213 CATASETUM SEMIAPERTUM. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Cor. petalis subequalibus ; labello saccato-concavo. Columna bicornis; cornua retrorsa, filiformia arcuato-conniventia. Anthéra oper~ culata, columne interne infra apicem insidens. Pollintia duo, postice bi- loba v. suleata ; cundicals mietinas; demum elastice dissiliente, glatidula = Catasetum semiapertum ; spica compacta foliis breviore, petalis paten- tibus subsecundis lato-ovatis concavis, labello ore contracto integro, lateribus minute denticulatis. The nature of the bulbé and leaves of this plant is so similar to those of Ca- tridentatum. ee their description. The scape springs from the base of the bulb, and, including the flowers, i is much shorter than the leaves. These flowers are collected into a dense — ovato-globose spike ; each of them smaller than in C. tridentatum, flri- bundum and Claveringii, and larger than in C. Hookeri of Linptey. The petals are of a pale greenish-yellow, concave, directed to one side, point- -- ing downwards, so as to leave the lip, which constitutes the upper part of the flower, quite exposed. ‘The lip is a pale and delicate green, with. in greenish-purple, very thick and fleshy, forming a deep hollow, ovate _ and very obtuse pouch; the mouth much contracted, the front part _ quite entire and yellow, the sides furnished with minute, teeth-like ci- liz. Column and Anther exactly the same as in C. tridentatum and flori- — bundum ; but the pollen- Se ee a deeper orange colour. ee "Different as Tam aid i hi species from all ‘eo : from all in the vemackably contracted mouth, écitite ‘at dee slightly dentato-ciliate at the margin. Living plants of this Catasetum were sent by Bex Ep- warD Luioyp, Esq. from Brazil to Miss P. 8. FALKNER of Fairfield, who presented them to the Liverpool Botanic Gar- den. They flowered in the stove in May 1826. i Fig. 1. Front view of the Lip. Fig. 2. Side view of ditto. Fig. 3. Ver- _ tical section of ditto. Fig. 4. Germen and column of fructification. _ Fig. 5. Inner view of the anther-case, enclosing the pollen-mass. ies 6. Back view of the pollen-mass.—All more or less magnified. Lae! Fé: e gees Rate see Rene ht eee etn ee eee Ee BEN ae SR ey ted Ree Re ee Nae ae Put sae ie en oy eh ee eee et Eg ae, 214 » CONANTHERA ? campanviata. Bell-flowered Conanthera. -... | HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Onp. ASPHODELEZ. ~ Gen. Cuar.—Perianthium superum, hexaphyllum, reflexum, foliolis alter. nis ineequalibus. Anthere in conum coalite. Filamenta subglandulosa. Capsula trilocularis polysperma. Conanthera? campanulata ; foliis (ternis) lineari-lanceolatis, longe at- tenuatis canaliculatis, perianthio monophyllo en mae segmentis sequalibus. -. Conanthera bifolia, Bot. Mag. t. 2496. (slot of BE Pores: horet Eel, The root, which is probably bulbous, I have not ‘seen. Leaves, only 3 in sheathing bracter, simple, with’ an undivided raceme at the extremity. Pedicels rather long, bracteated at the base, bractee small, subulato- — membranaceous. some eae 0a drooping, about the size of, and very much resembling in shape, the flower of Campanula rotundifo- la, of a deep purple-blue, bell-shaped, 6-cleft, the segments oval, ob- _ tuse, patent, at length reflexed, ciliated at the margin. Anthers inserted rounding the style, and meeting, so as to form a cone. Pistil: germen ovato-globose, green, half inferior, obtusely trigonal above, ak sia sina oe style; stigma acute, 3-cell- ed: cells with many ovules. - hs sostu of sis uct-wele dick ts ee tials Gnas Mr CruicxsHanks from Chili, and nies ee house in the month of May 1826. a : The maa of this ac and —. structure of the tamens — the Flora Peruviana, that I can hardly persuade myself but that it must belong to the same genus, although the perianth is monophyllous, and the segments, except in decay, are not bent back. It comes much nearer to the plant of the same name figured in the Bot. Mag. t. 2496., where likewise the perianth appears to be of one piece; but these segments are vastly longer, and appear to be unequal. Mr Loppicr’s plant, again, appears to be exactly the fe some as FEUILLER’s, (v. iii. t. 3. p. 8.) and that of Ruiz and Pavon, the blossoms of which are aptly compared in the Bo- tanic Cabinet to those ot a Solanum. Fig. 1. Flower. Fig. 2. Section of the perianth, laying open the parts of the flower. Fig. 3. Pistil and stamens, the, greater part of the perianth being removed. Fig. 4. Anther. Fig. 5. Pistil. Fig. 6. Transverse Fe eee ESN ak Oe SO ERNE Se 5 ere sais # ee eany wage Be SRE GA a) Pe TE Ni SR en aaa SNE” Ti aE EDN ae EE PYRETHRUM BiVnaroLiow. Hairy New Holland Pyrethrum. SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA.—Nar. Orv. COMPOSIT£. Gen. Cuar.—Receptaculum nudum. Achenia margine membranacea coro- ‘Rata (rarissime breviter papposa). Involucrum hemisphericum, foliolis acutiusculis imbricatis, margine membranaceis.—Sm. oe diversifolium ; caule subramoso pilis articulatis hirsuto, fo- liis pinnatifidis i incisis petiolo dilatato, superioribus subintegris, ache- niis margine brevi papposo. Pyrethrum diversifolium, Granam, MSS. Root annual. Stem about a foot high, clothed, except at the extremity, with scattered, white, beautifully jointed hairs, rarely tipped with a small gland; scarcely branched. Leaves 2-3 inches long, pinnatifid, the seg- ments lanceolate, entire or incised, glabrous, the petioles about as long as the leaf, in the lower leaves scarcely dilated, the rest remarkably so, upper ones | nearly entire, all of them — especially at the margin, _ Flowers terminal, solitary. Calyx shortly hemispherical, imbricated with | greenish, oblong, scarcely concave scales, white, membranous at the _ margin, fringed at the extremity with minute glandular hairs. Disk — yellow. Ray white. Receptacle naked, at length, very convex, dotted. crowned with Germens and young Achenia obovato-oblong, oblique, ee. short, simple, marginal pappus of hairs. This has altogether the habit of a Chrysanthemum or a, rethrum, approaching nearer to the character of the latter in — = having a crown to the achenia or seeds; but then this crown . is a short hairy pappus, which may perhaps be considered. of : 5 : : sufficient importance to cause it to be removed, although = - ee a removal would a asad poss be oes to very dra ed hairs, are striking characters in this species, which is culti- vated in the greenhouse both of the Botanic Gardens of Edin- burgh and Glasgow, flowering in 1825 and 1826 in the month of May. The seeds were sent by Mr Fraser from New Hol- land, who also sent me native dried specimens, which are not above half the size, either in the stems, leaves or — of the individual here figured. Fig. 1. Ligulate floret. Fig. 2. Floret of the disk. Fig. 3, 3. Achenia, but not quite ripe. ee eg fee 216 GREVILLEA pusescens. = TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. PROTEACE#. =~ Gen. Cuar.—Cal. (Perianthium) irregularis foliolis laciniisve secundis, api- cibus cavis staminiferis. Anthere immense. Glandula unica hypogyna, dimidiata. Ovarium dispermum. Stigma obliquum depressum (raro subverticale, conicum). Folliculus unilocularis, dispermus, loculo cen-— trali. Semina marginata v. pice brevissime alata—Br. Grevillea pubescens ; foliis oblongis tusis pubescentibus sionereanilaiis racemis — oe > peticclioque glabris, — hirsuto. — “Wiinrs ik the covieniay ob ie taal corymbose racemes. icels ee slender, _. Se with a » small lanceolate bractea : at the ee ee "gland on one side, at the base. Siyle hairy, purplish, exserted beyond — the cleft at the back of Se ok eek fae : brous. —— oblique, scutelliform, oval, depressed, _- I do not fnd among Mr ‘owes species oe es oo ion on the Profeacee, in the ornate in most — dissertat Blue Mountains in New Holland, which differ only in having more stiff and rigid leaves, and are scarcely at all pubescent. This latter appears to come near to G. Bauer? of Mr Brown. The seeds of this plant were communicated by Mr Fraser to our Botanic Garden, where they blossomed in 1825, and to that of Edinburgh, where they flowered in 1826; and it was from these latter that our drawing was taken by Dr Gre- vie Fig. 1. Flower, with pedicels of ‘he lovee Fig. 2. One-half of the _ Perianth seen from within. Fig. 3. Anther. Fig. 4. Pistil.—A more — or less magnified. SR ee de Fy SRN Ma ee de Ta Ee OES PROS 238 COROT SSE Sa Neen elt aE Ea eens Hees er ee : i ic Spaced Rs RPh LB ee MBP Rr tae Se EOE Bee” AE AREER ES, RNP hg. Sct ke inxs. Gee aaa Cee EN Te Deeg ae Cee eee ane ae ane ee Soe ec LO ee ee es oe oe Q17 MAXILLARIA parwona:) Small Maxillaria. | | GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Perianthium patens, resupinatum. Labellum cum processu unguiformi columne articulatum, trilobum. Sepala lateralia exteriora — basibus cum processu columne connata. Pollinia 2, basibus conmpta, bipartita.—LinbL. Maxillaria parvula ; foliis binis linearibus obtusis, flore solitario, peri- anthii foliolis lineari-lanceolatis, labello obtuso trilobo venoso intus glandula longitudinali oblonga pilosa. Parasitic. The former year’s bulb (represented at a and b), 1 whch has ik ee its leaves, is oblong, curved, obscurely marked with elevated lines: from its base springs a new bulb, or i lant, throwing ane e a solitary flower, however, before. the leaves and bulb are perfected, = and enveloped in several oblong EEG scales. The = — ae are two in number, linear, obtuse. ue Peduncle of the flower, scarcely, together w ned germen, rising so high as the top of the old bulb. ‘Cis thin Gates wap ifs of © the perianth are united at the base, the two lower ones even for il their length, and also with the lengthened base of of the -olum “s Te genus Mazillaria has jes eas ¢ es abl pe eae : Linpiey, and \ was snteaies * to include Ste 3 De Jendrobium } “4 bites now die plese of "addin; ‘Som spec sus aie gla les from Rio, and by that leaves, their. Soi is likely to be li- 215 218 TILLANDSIA nirima. Shining broad-leaved Tillandsia. ee HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA._Nart. Oxv. BROMELIACES. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. trifidus, aot pomeeares Cor. trifida (v. er, a nulata. Capsula trilocularis, polysperma. Tillandsia nitida ; foliis lingulatis nitidis integerrimis inferne i in tubum basi ventricosum involutis, scapo paniculato, floribus remote spicatis undique insertis, calyce ovato bractea longiore (corolla alba). The root of this I have not seen. Whole plant glabrous. The leaves are alt the present individual only four in number ; the outer one short, ditty aeabuaeme dimes dak a os ate nace striated when held up between the eye and the light, when the margin is seen to have a narrow pellucid border; the extremities are obtuse, _ with a short acumen, and more or less recurved. From edt hollow centre of the leaves, arises and reaches to about twice Sete a ee 6 ae ee the dichotomes bracteated. Vee Pistil : Gee Rm. styles 3 ; —— oo Fim the stove of the 5 csiapsid tates Gladinn oink x : valuable collection it was sent by Mr Wixxs from the moun- He tains of Jamaica. ee : —_ | oe eo The leaves are remarkable for their dark glossy green hue, and there are peculiarities in the insertion of the stamens, and the nature of the styles, which I have not observed in any - other species of the genus. The character attributed to the corolla of Tillandsia (3-fida, campanulata), should surely be altered; for in many the corolla is deeply 3-partite, and in the ee : in ie = Camincn open toshey the stamens Fig. 3. Pees Vis one PLE” — EFO'V7 1k Mi a es we At ‘, fe Loup eee 4 uy. Free CALE AA é + 2 (i % 219 MAXILLARIA: anomarica. ie. hie ————— GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nat. Oro. ORCHIDE&. Gen. Cuarn.—Perianthium patens, resupinatum. — Labellum cum ‘processu unguiformi columnz articulatum, trilobum. 'Foliola lateralia exteriora basibus cum processu columnz connata. Pollinia 4, basibus connata, (vel scapi uniflori) radicales—LinDL. Maxillaria aromatica bulbo late ovato a foliis s (6-8) oat | Maxillaria aromatica, _— MSS. at their inner margin by the column, deep yellow, lanceolate. Lipsemi- cylindrical, deep yellow, sparingly dotted with. orange within, and ha- ie = ving two lines of hairs ; i. ae fe Sent by the kindness of Dr Granam, together with a beautiful drawing by Dr GREVILLE, and many notes taken from the growing plant. The bulbs were procured at Mexico by Lord Naprrer, and by him obligingly communicated to the Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, where they blossomed, being kept in the stove, in the month of May 1826. The flowers having the fragrance of Cinnamon, suggested to Dr Granam the al name of the plant, which I have here adopted. | There can be no doubt about the genus of this It cannot be separated from Mazillaria; yet the pollen-masses differ re- markably from those of the hitherto published species of the genus, as characterised by Mr LinpLEy. ee Front view of a flower. Fig. 2. Lip. Fig: Wet EE Tp 2 | «*Fig. 4 — slo 5, 6. eclexecipe saa more or — 220 DRYAS InTEGRIFOLIA. Entire-leaved Dryas. _ ICOSANDRIA POLYGYNIA—Nat. Orv. ROSACEZ. Gen. ‘Cuar—Cal. 8—9-partitus, extus nudus, tubo sub concavo. Pet. 8-9. : numerosa. Carpella numerosa, stylo terminali, demum in cau- dam Parbeto-plamosam desinente. Semen ascendens. Tele Leese ote subtus albo-tomentosis, floribus abbis DC. Dryas integrifolia ; foliis ovato-dilongis basi cordatis integerrimis vel inferne pauci-dentatis, marginibus revolutis, subtus vix venosis. _ Dryas integrifolia, Van, in Act. Soc. Hafn. v. iv. P. 2. p. 171.—Fl. Dan. — t. 1216.—Brown, in Parry's 1st Voyage, App. p. cclxxviii.—Hook. in Parry's 2d Voyage, App. p. 15.—Ricuarpson, in Franklin's Journ. _ Dryas tenella, Banxs’s MSS. in Herb. Pursh Fl. of N. Am. v. i. p. 350. Root long, woody, descending, dividing at the top into two or more short are from 4 to of an inch in length, betw een ovate and oblong, of a below the middle furnished with iki ot ce tat ia cach le, Oi . stipule on each side, which is adnate, for one-half or three-fourths of ts a Peduncle from the extremity of the short branches, erect, 2 or $ inches tall, An inhabitant of the northern parts of North America. Discovered by Sir JosepH Banks in Newfoundland. It was afterwards found upon the White Hills in New Hampshire, in Anticosti by Pursu, and in Greenland by the Danish bo- tanists ; and since by Dr Ricnarpson in the wooded country between Latitude 54° and 64° north; and more abundantly by the Officers of our late Arctic Expedition. The plant from which the present drawing was taken, was brought by Mr Goupre from Canada (we believe gathered at Anticosti), and flowered in the Botanic Garden under a com- mon frame in the month of April. It retains in cultivation all the characters of our dried native specimens: these characters depend almost wholly on the leaves, which are smaller than in D. octopetala, more heart-shaped at the base, recurved at the margin, not conspicuously veined beneath.— A leaf of the com- mon D. octopetala is given at Fig. 2. : Fig. 1. Leaves of D. integrifolia. Fig. 2. Leaf of D. octopetala. Veg 3 Section of the calyx, with stamens and pistils. Fig. 4. Pistil. Fig. 5. Stamen. Fig. 6. Ripe fruit, natural size. Fig. 7. Ditto, magnified. Fig. 8. Section of fruit, to shew the seed. Pe SE = 6. more or less magnified. 221 rere ss Gi see tae ies Le okey ol haa ARABIS arenosa- | * ‘TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA.—Nar. Orv. CRUCIFERZ. Gen. Cuar.—Siliqua linearis, stigmate subsessili coronata : valvis venosis v. nervosis. an uniseriata. Cotyledones accumbentes. Calyx erectus. —- IR. Ae te Ae Sete Et LL oe eh ee ee ae eb rege ae, alae Cre oy Arabis arenosa ; foliis caulinis sinuato-pinnatifidis petiolatis, pube ra- mosa ; caule hispido, pilis simplicibus ; petals ealye triple longior- ees Arabis arenosa, Scop. Carn. 337. ee ed. 2. viv. p- 106. De Cann, Syst. Veg. v. 4 ‘Sisymbrium arenosum, Linn. Sp. PL p. 919.—Witp. Sp. Pl. v. iii. p. 498. . Root small, simple, fusiform, annual, producing a few fibres ; bearing at the cciusik lanai Native of — rors and vineyards i in sandy situations in — the south of Europe, and a very desirable plant in our gardens; __ _ for it blossoms early (April), and makes a very beautiful ap- 7 25 — with its delet dark om ome and — ein It is an annual. We received the seeds from Professor LEHMAN of Hamburgh; and although it may probably safely be cultivated in the open air, yet we have kept the young plants during winter under a common frame. It appears to have been introduced to our gardens, accord- ing to the 2d edition of Hortus Kewensis, in 1798, by Mr JOHN HuNNEMAN of London, a gentleman who, by means of his extensive acquaintance and correspondence upon the Continent, especially in Germany, has rendered many essential services to the botanists and cultivators of Britain. Fig. 1. Flower. Fig. 2. The same, the petals being removed. Fig. 3. Pod (natural size). Fig. 4. Portion of a pod; the valves (Fig. 5.) being re- moved, to shew the situation of the seeds. Fig. 6. Hairs from the stem and leaves.—All but Fig. 3. more or less magnified. MARICA cazruzza. Large blue-flowered Marica. TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA—Nart. Orv. [RIDEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Cor. 6-partita, laciniis alternis, minoribus. oe % pits: loidea. Stamina cum stigmatibus al oe Marica crab: foliis_ensiformibus settee, scapo alato multi- floro, laciniis corolle exterioribus rotundato-ellipticis patentibus. Marita coerulea, Bot. Reg. t. 713.—SPRENG. Sp. Pl. v. i. p. 165. spreading below, then bent inwards, and in the upper half sevilla ae The lower third of the limb of the corolla forms a shallow cup, which eS ance. It discharge a transp ; fluid, Ppe ars Filaments of the stamens erect, cis We hie’ ne vec: bay rolla, thin, flat, with a prominent keel on the outside, white, purple and hee dilated at the base, and inserted into the base of the corolla: ‘Anthers half the Length ofthe lament of wo dank perp eter ell Pollen _greenish-yell Pistil : chen whienly Cinigl Scaled, with mameros ovules atach- ed to the i inner apa “ae sites | style restore tricarinate, re reddish port in an erect position the filaments, which immediately fall down when drawn from this connexion.—Graunam, MSS. This splendid plant flowered in the stove of Professor Dun- BAR at Edinburgh on the 20th of June of this year (1825), when the drawing was made by Dr GReEvILLE, and the full and accurate description above given was drawn up by Dr Grauam. It far exceeds the © 7 beauty of its blossoms: from inch species it differs, not only in the colour of the flowers, but in the relative number on each seape, as well as in the shape and direction of the exterior seg- ments of the corolla. ¥ - Fig. 1. Portlet of a flower: shewing the situation of the stamens with ne gard to the stigmas. Fig. 2. Outer segments of the corolla, seen from behind. Fig. 3. Front view of astamen. Fig. 4. Side view of ditto. Fig. 5. Section of ditto, cut transversely through the anthers. Fig. 6. Pistil. Fig. 7. oe oe ee —— —— magnified. : —————— SAGES AEF L ELIT. fo, Y/, 223 FICUS cor1acea. Corvaceous-leaved Fig. POLYGAMIA DIG@CIA—Nar. Onp. URTICEZ. Gen. Cuar.—Receptaculum commune subsphericum, carnosum, connivens, flosculos numerosos occultans.—Masc. Cal. 3-partitus. Cor. 0. Stam. 1-3.—Fam. Cal. 3-5-partitus. Cor.0. Pistillum1. Semen unicum— W. Ficus coriacea ; foliis ellipticis obtusissimis coriaceis, basi : * supra glabris nervis impressis (pallidis), subtus set) ple centibus venis prominentibus, receptaculis sessilibus geminatis glo- bosis subverrucosis velutinis. * Ficus coriacea, Arr. Hort. Kew. ed. 1. v. iii. p. 433. - This seems to form a tree, with rounded branches, clothed with greyish green, subpubescent, 1 : and nerves prominent. Peta inch and alto wo faces lng, semicylindrical, pubescent. Receptacles globose, three-fourths ofan inch in diameter, quite sessile, somes colour, This is a plant that has been long cultivated in the Bota- nic Garden of Liverpool, but from what country it came isnot = known. i A eS SS wn, pear, to other Botanists. led 1. A ep epee rach VOL. 1. i. (pie A tee fee AACA? 224 HABENARIA vetsuirn: Purple fringed Habenaria. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.—Nar. Orv. ORCHIDEZ, Div. Anthera adnata terminalis persistens. Pollinis Masse e lobulis angulatis elastice cohzerentibus ; basi affixee.—Br. Gen. Cuar.—Corolla ringens, Labellum basi subtus calcaratum. Glandile pollinis nude, distinct (loculis pedicellorum — vel solutis dis- tinctis).—Br. in Hort. Kew. Habenaria_ jfimbriata ; corm fifo germine longo, lb -ipartit laciniis cuneiformibus fimbriatis.—Br. Habenaria fimbriata, Br. in Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. p. 193. Orchis fimbriata, Dryanper, in Hort. Kew. ed. 1. v. iii. p. 297.—Wiu. Sp. Pl. v. iv. p- 39.—Porsn, Fl. Am. Sept. v. ii. p. 588. _ Mt celts formed of evr hc, simple, thy, Sexuone res of which one is generally considerably larger than the Stem about a foot in height, eect, ov exactly and ast tetragonal be colour. Bracear green, ubulato lanceolate, longer than the germen- a Rd OO” TODA ee of mity ; the rest cut into three euneate s ae ah the argent all of them sit ed beat Bm briated at the upper i —— —— Coltemen VOL, III, This elegant orchideous plant appears to have been intro- duced into our gardens from Newfoundland by Dr WiLLiam PITCAIRN, in 1777, and is found likewise to be a native of North America, where its native places of growth extend from Canada to Pennsylvania. Among a valuable collection of living plants, sent to our Botanic Garden from the neighbourhood of Montreal by Mr Kiprtn, there were some roots of this, which being placed i in a large box, flowered beautifully under a common rame in the beginning of the month of June. Mr CLeGuHorn, of the same place, has been kind enough to supply us with dried specimens, exactly similar to those here figured ; but other in- dividuals which I have received from my friend Dr Boort, ga- thered i in the neighbourhood of Boston, differ in having a far “larger and more densely crowded spike, yet (unlike almost every bilee plant which I have received from that fertile country, where vegetation attains an unusually large and luxuriant size) with flowers not one-third of the size of the present. In every every other particular they appear to be the same. _ We find that plants of Habenaria fimbriata thrive well in a mixture of peat and decayed vegetable mould. They are placed in the same box with the roots of Cypripedium specta- bile, grea enaptived mate fie2 erent rears Fig. 1. Single eee magnified. Fig. 2. Portion of | ne Bern ) : a acucs one ‘Fig. 3. gle p ane i ed fr the ell—Al more o se magi 225 VIOLA HEDERACEA. — Stoloniferous New Holland Violet. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nar. Orv. VIOLACEZ. Gen. Cuan.—Cal. 5-phyllus. Cor. 5-petala, irregularis, peered cornute, Anth. coherentes. Caps. supera, 3-valvis, 1-locularis. Viola hederacea ; caulibus subnullis loners fis fasciculatis ren. : a | bul | sare omc Lani. Fl. Nov. Holl. v. i. p. 66. t.' v. i. p. 305. Gisheous, The stem, or point from which the leaves spring i sary any : long, Siiform, glabrous stolons, which again produce clusters ste gp bane “ at various distances, and pis en oe each cluster — _— ee or even convex on the w rf oe Seapets fom tor iaces ing from ‘hs gle acute. Copia oval, ‘valved: pares oe tum oe ae ee se ith a i — ee cane Seeds of this very interesting little plant were sent by Mr Fraser, Colonial Botanist at Sidney, New South Wales, in the year 1824, to the Botanic Gardens of Edinburgh and Glasgow, and in both they blossomed in the month of May. They succeed well in the greenhouse. There can, I think, be no question of the plant being the same as that figured by LABILLARDIERE under the name of hederacea. Dr CANDOLLE enumerates three varieties, but which he suspects will prove to be distinct species. This plant differs remarkably from other violets, not only in the-stolons (which run down the side of the pot like those of Saxifraga sarmentosa), but in the scarcely produced bases of the calyx, and in the absence of a true spur. Fig. 1. Back view of the calyx. Fig. 2. Flower from which the petals have been removed. Fig. 3. Pistil. Fig. 4. Back view, and Fig. 5. Front view of a stamen. Fig. 6. One of the upper petals. Fig. 7. One of the side petals. Fig. 8. Lower petal. Fig. 9. Side view of a lower petal. Fig. 10. Capsule, natural size. Fig. 11. The same open, magni- fred. Fig. 12. Seed. Fig. 13. leeccr cine ron Aotempedien gaa ee ee ae eT ee 226 NEOTTIA PLANTAGINEA. Plantain-leaved Neottia. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA—Nar. Onv. ORCHIDEE. _ Gen. Cuar.—Cor. ringens: petalis exterioribus anticis labello imberbi sup- '_ positis ; interioribus conniventibus. Columna aptera. Pollen farina- ceum.—Br. Neottia plantaginea; f licalibus oblongo-] 1 uph yllo, _@perianthii laciniis tribus exterioniban’ Seonsaeabeadis: extus ‘pubes- * centi-glandularis, basi in calcare longo producto adnato terminatis. Radical leaves 1-3, 5-6 inches long, oblongo-lanceolate, nerved, tapering at the base, but not . meee laren geese gies leaves, but has tag oi a cucu of girpemace. «gels... acre y y : ion shay al ee - 1 : : : He and slenderer growth than the species just alluded to, the radi- cal leaves are very different in form, and the flowers are 227 DIDYMOCARPUS Rexn. Twisted-fruited Didymocarpus. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.—Nat. Orn. CY. RTANDACE&, Jack. . Gen. Cuar.—Cal. 5-fidus. Cor. infundibuliformis, limbo quinquelobo sub- irregulari. Stam. duo, plerumque abortiva. Capsula siliquiformis, pseudo-quadrilocularis, bivalvis: valvis medio placentiferis, placentis bilamellatis, lamellis revolutis, margine intus gramaone Didymocarpus Rezii ; acaulis pubescens, foliis pone ate basi ovatis ob- tuse serratis, scapo unifloro bibracteato, capsula “ees ter torta. Didymocarpus Rexii, Bowre, MS. Perennial, stemless. From the top of the fibrous root spring from 4~7 ob- long or = obovate, oe leaves, os rssesed long, — is Yepresented in the Sgute, the curface wrinkled ee the under side paler, and the veins more prominent. % From the centre of the leaves arise from 2 to 5 ingtetoweusd paesicial bear: ing two small bractee above the middle. Calyx 5-partite, the segments — lanceolate, short. — or 24 inches long, infundibuliform, of a de- : licate purplish- blue colon a little ventricose upwards a — vunder side: ‘the limb 5-lobed, the a Sieg rok ae ‘Stamens inserted near the centre of ae : I saw this charming plant blossoming in great perfection at Kew Gardens in October 1826, and thence I have been favour- ed with the specimen from which the accompanying drawing was taken. The seeds were sent by Mr Bowie from the in- | terior of South Africa; and having been first discovered by that indefatigable botanist (in 1818) in the forest lands of Grorce. REx, Esq. at the Knysna, he is anxious it should bear the name of that gentleman, “ as a small memorial of the great hospitality and friendship he enjoyed, whilst travelling in South Africa, and to whom all the late scientific travellers, as well as himself, have been under great* obligations, for so. readily entering into their plans, and furthering their views.” I forbear making any observations on the genus of this re- markable plant, because Mr Arron informs me that Mr Brown has shewn an interest in it; and his ideas respecting it will, I trust, be one day given to the public. It increases | most rapidly by seeds; and so desirable an saseuiggens of our greenhouses must doubtless soon become common. My object in figuring it at this time, is to secure to Me | BowleE the credit of discovering | so interesting a plant, and to Mr ArTon that of eres its Bat sulleyatos. Fig. 1 Stamens. Fig. 2. Anthers Fig: 3. Pistil. Fig. <, Signe sc o _ Section of a young capsule. Fig. 6. Ripe capsule, natural size. Fig. 7. _ Portion of a seminal seis Fig. 8. Seeds —All but nes 6. ae b, Ye Peed Cum MRE PS 4 228 CANNA paTens. Spreading-flowered Indian Shot. MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA.—Nat. Orv. CANNEZ, Br.—CANNE, Juss. Gen. Cuar.—Anthera simplex, margine filamenti petaloidis affixa. Stylus spathulatus adnatus tubo corollz: stigma lineare. epic 3-locularis, 3-valvis. Semina plura.—RoxBuren. Canna patens ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, limbi interioris perianthio labio superiore trifido, laciniis eequalibus eblenge peat erecto-pa- tentibus labello revoluto apice bifido. Canna patens, Roscos, in Linn. Trans, v. viii. p. 338. ?—Arr. Hort. Kem. ed. 2. v. i. p. 1.—Bot. Reg. t. 576.—Roscor, Monandr. Pl. cum Ic. Canna indica, 3 patens. Arr. Hort. Kew. ed. 1. v. i. p. 1.—Wuittp. Sp. PI. oe i. p. 3. Canna indica, Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 554. (excl. the syn.) ae Canna aureo-vittata, Lopp. Bot. Cab. t. 449. . Canna limbata, Bot. Reg. t. 771. Stems 3-4 feet high. Leaves ovat-lanceolate,subacuminate, the egos See ae powdery, erect ' “is x eis ls of which the exterior consis of ish, wards. "Signe teria transverse. — Nothing is more a sdiade nik ee Gawzen in the Botanical Register, that “it has been the lot cies of this genus to have been arranged in the fortunate. It appeared in CurTIs’s Botanical Magazine, un- der the name of C. indica, with references to plates and descrip- tions which evidently do not belong to it. Curris’s figure, which is really admirable, is next quoted by Mr Roscor, and by Mr Arron in the 2d edition of the Hortus Kewensis, un-_ der the name of C. coccinea. Then Mr Gaw ter gives an equally good delineation, at t. 576. of the Botanical Register, - under the appellation of C. patens (it being the C. indica, var. patens, of the Ist ed. of Hort. Kew.), referring to the C. patens of Roscoe in the 8th volume of the Linnzan Transactions, and to Curtis’s C. indica; and giving an excellent specific _ character from Roscor’s MS. Mr Gaw er, however, is af- terwards induced to consider, from a passage in the 10th vo- lume of the Linnzan Transactions, that Mr Roscor’s C. pa- ‘tens is not, as he supposes, the original patens of Hortus Kew- ensis, but the C. gigantea of Repoutr’s Plantes Liliacées. Again, as it appears to me, Mr Gawer has given the same species under the name of C. limbata, and Mr iobpeuns un- der that of C. aureo-vitiata. By the view of the flower at Fig. 2., it will: be seen : thet the 3-cleft superior lip of the inner limb of the corolla, is in reality 2-cleft, one segment being again divided , then, with the | labellum, constituting what is so. common in the Honacgtle- donous Plants, a trifid limb. The native country of this species is samiciewn It isa handsomé plant, and flowers during the greater part of the year. The specimens here figured were drawn in February, from in- dividuals that blowamed:3 in the Glasger, Botame Garden. Fig. 1. Front view of a flower: aie lita: 1, Outer limb of the inner perianth ; c, the three divisions of the inner perianth le bellum ; ¢, The stamen and style. Fig. 2. Flower, with the oS rianth removed: a, Outer limb of the inner perianth ; ‘}, Inner limb, tu- , bular below, and trifid, or rather bifid, with the larger segment again _ divided higher up; c, The labellum. — Fig. 3. Flower ftom which every : | Po tsk cts ce eerrenn b, St petaloid filaments, bear- ? ME ae ita tee eH tey - 229 SALPIGLOSSIS srraminea. Straw-coloured Salpiglossis. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.—Nar. Orv. BIGNONIACE&. Gen. Cuar.—Cal. 5-partitus, subinequalis. Cor. infundibuliformis, limbo 5-lobo. Filam. quintum, sterile. Stylus apice dilatatus. Capsula 2-lo« — dissepimento valvis —— Salpiglossis straminea ; caule glanduloso, stylo edentulo. Herbaceous, from a foot and a half to two feet high, panicled above ; “the stem and branches cylindrical, slender, and, as well as the whole, even to the outside of the corolla, clothed with glandular and slightly ae gradually paniculate, each pedicel Soke ice 1 be Calyx oblongo- ovate, cut about half-way down into five upright linear-lanceolate teeth, and marked with as many elevated, green, glandular, elevated lique, cut into 5 broad and notched unequal spreading segments, of — which the upper one is the largest, and the two lowermost ones the smallest. Stamens 4, didynamous, , inserted near the base of the corolla, _ ——— a a a long as the tube of the corolla, green, dilated upwards, and in the broad, ———— The re ee teresti sent to our Botanic Garden from Chili - | Cxvroxsiians, Esq in 1825, an they produced fl emg : ee hed in ee Se in = = umer ot 1826, and continued blossoming for three months in succession. The same gentleman has communicated to us well dried speci- mens of the same plant. The figure of the flowers of Salpiglossis given in Ruiz and Pavon, differ considerably in the shape of the corolla, and | in that of the style, from the species here represented ; add to which, the corolla is in the S. sinwata, the only species hither- to described, said to be scarlet: hence I am led to consider our plant distinct. | vi 1. Portion of the corolla, with the stamens. Fig. 2. Portion of a sta- ——- cells of the anther closed. Fig. 3. Ditto, with the cells burst. Fig. 4. Calyx. Fig. 5, Pistil. Fig. 6. Section of a germen.— Zs All more or less woenifet: | get. , i) : Hiaflolea . Acrvecie siya 230 STAPELIA ninsa:: Large hairy Stapelia. PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA.—Nart. Onv, ASCLEPIADEA, Br. Gen. Cuan—Cor. rotata, 5-fida, carnosa. C margine lucido. Stigma muticum. Folliculi subcylindracei, leves. Semina co- = Stapelia hirsuta ; corclles laciniis ovaiis rugeds dilliia, corone exteriore ligulatis, interiore rostro subulato alis subzeque longe intus dentatis. Stapelia hirsuta, Linn. Sp. Pl. v. i. p. 316—Witxp. Sp. Pi. v. i. p. 1278.— Arron, Hort. Ken. a ae egg Se aga Haw. Succ. Pl._p. 19.—Jacg. Stap. cum Fe. Stems from 6-8 inches high, tetragonous, slightly downy, glaucous rect _ the pa somewhat depressed or grooved, the —— toothed, the teeth Peduishs nen at tan of 0 haus 4) ee ee ek ee. Calyz 5-partite, the segments lanceolate. — spreading with pr ong hi the ape ust a degre, wih cs : on British Horticulture; and yet I believe it is far from being uncommon in our stoves. The representation here given was taken from a plant that flowered some years ago in my stove at Halesworth, Suffolk. Fig. 1. The stamineous crown. Fig. 2. View of a column of fructification, the inner crown being removed. Fig. 38. One of the segments of the _ inner crown, with the anther-case. Fig. 4. The anther-case. Fig. 5. Pollen-masses.—AUl more or less magnified. ae : 231 PARKERIA preripoiwes. Ptoris-dike Parkeria. pe (Class and Order, Generic Character, &c. see T. 147. of this Work.) The figure and description of this plant would indeed be imperfectly given in this work, were we not to publish supplementary ones to those which will be found at T. 147. Our friend Mr PARKER, the discoverer of the From the centre of the fronds, as at Fig. she ele spn which ar z SS barren fronds retain all their vigour of form and colour ; and in this ~~ If kept in the stove, this plant is by no means difficult of | ce wg 3s Meteo ee eT pee at 239 FIELDIA avsrraus. New Holland Fieldia. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.—Nat. Orp. ss tetas Gan. Cuan—Cal. duplex, ert (bractea) hie Po , Supar- ellatum. Bacca (alba) spongiosa, carnosa, 1-locularis. Semina _ numerosa, parva, nidulantia—Cunn. chicas australis. recur CunNincuam, in Field's Mem. of N. S. Wales, p. 364. (with a __ figure). : aa shrubby. Stem climbing and rooting, so as to be — _ sitical upon the trunks of trees, branched, with the branches, e the younger ones, clothed with a dense ferruginous down; the older ones and stems nearly glabrous. Leaves opposite, remote, very unequal in size, generally a small one being placed opposite the larger, elliptical, ‘acute at both extremities, deeply serrated in the upper half, “ entire in _ the old ones ;’ downy on each side, the upper of a dark green colour, _. the under side pale rusty. Veins obscure. Petiole very short and downy. pendulous flower. Exterior calyx (bractea) spathiform, ovate, deeply cut _ ay bond two equal lanceolate segments: inner calyx 5-partite, segments lan- - eeolate, and, as well as the outer calyx, downy. Corolla greenish-white, : see 2 inches long, slightly pubescent and veiny, tubular and ventri- _ cose, the limb cut into 5 short, nearly eq ual, rounded segments, scarce- do I owe the acquaintance of the gentleman after whom the present plant is named, together with the possession of a va- luable collection of. New Holland plants, and the use of many excellent drawings made in that country. It has not, however, been my agreeable task to dedicate the genus to him, that ha- ving been already done in the work above quoted by Mr At- LAN, CUNNINGHAM. .“ The name,” he says, “ now proposed, is intended to commemorate that of Barron Frexp, Esq. late udge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, who has, in his-judicial capacity, much aided the advancement of the co- lony to its present flourishing state, and whose important re- searches there, in various branches of physical science, will ma- terially tend to confer that interest upon our distant settlement which it so richly deserves, and which remains, in a great mea- sure, to be appreciated.” To this gentleman I am indebted for excellent “dried: speci- mens, from which I have been enabled to make the accompany- _ ing figure. I need scarcely add any remarks to Mr CUNNING- __ HAM’s accurate description, done from living specimens, farther | than to say, that the fruit has not so dates. the Sipe ee of a berry as might have been expected. I jisofa membranous nature, easily separable from the poly substa: ee, a and numerous seeds within ; and, on making a careful dissection a tansversy, there appear to be two soft fleshy and large parie- tal receptacles, divided each into four recurved lamina, upon all sides of 9f which the the nu seeds are inserted. ‘These recep- : id see 7 too, bear so much resemblance t to ee of the “Field pesttabiewas first detected by Mr G. a, Co- ae = Botanist, but not in a good state, upon the Blue Moun- | © tale BS Te 1822, "Mr ALLan CUNNINGHAM was so : fortunate as to find it in fruit, upon naked nee the Islands; and in the following year in full. flowe ver, among 3 shady woods of Tomah, where it climbs, by means of its cz